The Whit in Machine Works, 
 
 WHITINSVILLE. MASS. 
 
 .NEW 
 
 Chap. .A., .t 1 Copyright No... 
 Shelf.5.C.2w.. 
 
 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 
 
 _^^>(2>.<2j-!£^(2j^(2>^'®i-e^®^gs^ 
 
 Cards, 
 
 Railway Heady, 
 Drawing Franks. 
 
 I Wet & Dry Twisters 
 
 Spinning Frances, 
 spoolers, | 
 
 Reels. 
 
 LONG-CHAIN QUILLING MACHINES & LOOMS. 
 
• Knowles Loom Works,? 
 
 PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 Jacquard and Dobby Department. 
 
 i 
 
 & 
 
 % 
 
 HJn WE HAKE A SPECIALTY OF 
 
 Jacquards, Dobbies, Shedding Machines, Etc. I 
 
 
 We build DOUBLE ACTION, RISE and DROP SHED, 
 Upright or Horizontal LEVER DOBBIES and every 
 style of JACQUARD. Also Looms for Plain Cotton, 
 Woolen or Silk Goods. 
 
 It will be for your interest to examine our machines. Send for circular. 
 
Knowles Loom Works, 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 Wooleo* * Cotton * &r?d # SilK * Dep&rtrpeots. 
 
 4 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 •• ©pen Sbeb jfanc^ Xooms 
 
 -FOR- 
 
 Worsteds. 
 Woolens, 
 Weft. 
 
 Upbolstenj, 
 DRESS GOODS. 
 Curtains, 
 Brocatelles, 
 Draperies, 
 Ingrain Carpets. 
 
 
 LARGEST NUMBER 
 
 OF 
 
 AWARDS GIVEN TO ANY 
 
 MANUFACTURERS 
 
 AT 
 
 TEXTILE MACHINERY 
 
 TO THE 
 
 WORLD'S COLUMBIAN 
 
 EXPOSITION. 
 
 
 Duck. 
 Sheeting, 
 Gio^banns, 
 Checks. 
 
 Webbing. 
 SUSPENDERS. 
 Silk Dress 6oods, 
 furniture Coverings. 
 Jute Goods. 
 
 -AND EVERY KIND OE 
 
 WOOLEN, COTTON AND SILK FABRIC. 
 
A 
 
 THE /AAJSUAL OF REFERENCE 
 
 ^ OF THE 
 
 textile * Mothers * of * Hmerica. 
 
 -"^f~3> ' r gr~j> * : jji 
 
 •:,- ' # ■ 
 
 COMPILED BY 
 
 T. P. CAHILL, Lawrence, Mass,, 
 
 General Secretary 
 of the National Union of Textile Workers of America. 
 
MANUAL OF RKKEKEXCE OF TEXTILE WORKEKi 
 
 
 ^ettile W or kers *' * 
 
 Should be interested in all inventions that make 
 their labor easier, cleaner or healthier. 
 
 What is more unclean or unhealthy than the now 
 necessary process of sucking tilling through a shuttle 
 eye? 
 
 We are introducing a loom which automatically 
 threads the shuttle without labor on the part of the 
 weaver. This loom also prevents damage to the cloth, 
 caused by broken warp threads. 
 
 It is well known that our latest warper saves strain 
 on the yarn, preventing many breakages. Our spoolers 
 are made of especial convenience for the help and 
 spinning frames fitted with our spindles and rings run 
 better than those in competition. 
 
 It is our aim to prdouce machinery that will be of 
 advantage both to the manufacturer and the employee. 
 There are men still living who can remember when cot- 
 ton mill operatives worked fourteen hours per day. 
 Their wages were less per day than is paid at present. 
 The use of improved machinery by its greater produc- 
 tion have enabled manufacturers to run le^s hours and 
 pay better wages. 
 
 GEO. DRAPER & SONS, 
 
 Hopedale, Mass. 
 Sole agents for tbe = = * 
 
 Sawyer Spindle Co. 
 
 Hopedale Machine Co. 
 
 Dutcher Temple Co. 
 
 Northrop Loom Co. 
 
 8><5 72*tf 
 
MANUAL OF LAISOK <>F TKXJ.II.K \V< IKK I.KS. 
 
 ^GREETING. 
 
 TO THE TRADE. * 
 
 We place this volume before the trade to enlist the eo-operation of the wholesale houses 
 and manufacturers of supplies. We hope to place information regarding the trade that will 
 be of vast use to intelligent mill operatives and broad minded employers, knowledge that 
 will lead to a continuance of that harmonious spirit that should characterize both employers 
 and employed, that both may receive the reward of their joint skill and industry. 
 
 The advertisements in this book are evidences of friendship and aid to place this work 
 before the textile operatives. 
 
 All favors from patrons and friends will be appreciated and reciprocated by organized 
 textile workers. 
 
 Besides the United States and Canada this book will circulate this year in Denmark, 
 Belgium, Holland, England, France and Austria. We are deeply indebted to E.J. Holmes 
 of Accrington, England, Sec. of North East Lancashire, Amalgamation of Cotton Weavers, 
 and Mr. William Brooks of Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England, for information bearing upon 
 European wages. To those gentlemen and all others who by information and assistance 
 helped us in this work, we return our sincere thanks. 
 
MA XI' A I. ill' KKKKIIKXCK. OK TKXTII.K WOKKKliS 
 
 WHEN YOU USE LOOMS 
 
 ■ •••::-v;.;v-v;,v-v; ..•:•:■; :•:••'* 
 
 v.'.vV-v. : ,»:.-:. ::-•:;••.>; 
 
 :*• ;•;:•;'•*::••:;;•;♦:•■:.;• ;»;.--;i : -;»;. 
 
 :• ••-;•:•••• • ;••.• •. 
 
 .'•;'.•• . • .':• . •;'.'• . •";'•'•.•• 
 
 FOR WEAVING 
 
 Woolens, Worsteds, 
 Carpets, Rugs, 
 Duck, Wire Cloth, 
 Etc., Etc 
 
 FOR WEAVING 
 
 Ginghams, Silks, 
 
 Ribbons, Cottons, 
 Suspenders, Tapes, 
 Etc., Etc. 
 
 'USK THK IvATKST ARD BEST. 
 
 BUILT BY 
 
 I 10 GREEN STREET, 
 
 Croroptop Loorr) WorKs, * worsester, n *s% 
 
MANUAL OF LABOH <>l TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 T. P. CAHILL, 
 Gen. Sec. National Union of 
 
 Textile Workers of America. 
 
 Rooms 29 and 30. Saunders Block. 
 246 Essex St., Lawrence, Mass. 
 
MANUAL OF KEFEKECNE OF TEXTILE WORLEKS. 
 
 HARWAY DYEWOOD AND EXTRACT MFG. CO., 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 2)^ewoo6s, 2)£ewoo5 Extracts, anb liquors, 
 
 BOSTON OFFICE. 4 Liberty Square. 
 WORKS, Flushing, L. I. 
 
 F. G. PAULY, President. 
 
 I. J. MERRITT, Vice President. 
 
 I. J. MERRITT, JR., Treasurer. 
 
 INCORPORATED. JUNE 4, 1690. 
 
 AMERICAN CARD CLOTHING COflPANY. 
 
 General Offices, Worcester, Mass. 
 
 e^^- 
 
 FACTORIES. 
 
 Leicester, Worcester, Philadelphia, Walpole, Providence, 
 
 North Andover Depot, Manchester, Lowell, Lawrence. 
 
 Manufacturers of Every Description of 
 
 CARD CLOTHING, 
 
 Surface, Side-Ground or Needle Point. 
 
 Exclusive Arnerican Licensee? for tbe 
 PATENT FLEXIFORT CARD CLOTHS. 
 
MANIAI. (!!•' IvKKKHENCK OK TEXTILE WORKERS 
 
 T. P. CAHILL 
 
 Was born in England December 21, 1862. lie came to America with his parents in April, 
 1868, settling in Lawrence, Mass., whereafter one year's residence, the}' removed to Boston. 
 Septembei 1, 1872, the family returned to Lawrence, Mass., where they have lived ever 
 since. In September, 1872, when less than 10 years old, Thomas went to work in the mule 
 spinning room of the Pemberton mill as back boy, at 48 cents per day. Bright and intelli- 
 gent he took interest in the work, and was rapidly advanced. In 18N3, when barely 20 years 
 of age, he was offered and accepted a position as second hand in a large mill. With no 
 opportunity for schooling, in his leisure moments he would be found in a corner working out 
 calculations of the machinery with a piece of chalk and with an empty rilling box for a black- 
 board. In this way he rapidly fitted himself for advancement. In 1SS6, barely 23, he was 
 found performing the duties of overseer in a fancy yarn mill, but by this time he had become 
 quite prominent in the Knights of Labor, haying joined L. A. 2015, of Lawrence, in 1N82. 
 Always an active a member, after 1886 he found it difficult to secure or retain a job. 
 For years he was the leading councillor in the K. of L. in L;iwrence, and, although that 
 order secured innumerable benefits for the operatives, no strike was ever entered upon or 
 threatened during his administration. Mr. Cahill always points out that depression and 
 reduction of wages are nearly always the result of economic causes, and that strikes rarely 
 do more than arouse public attention. He saw that in the textile industry nearly every 
 strike has been started by unorganized and undisciplined operatives, governed often by a 
 hasty impulse. To avoid this, and to secure a calm consideration, and to prevent hasty 
 action from bringing on industrial warfare he has tried to organize the textile workers of 
 every occupation into one powerful body, that their strength and discipline would prevent 
 many of those strikes, and that being organized, strikes would be practically unnecessary, 
 and when once undertaken chances would favor success. Mr. Cahill is the founder of the 
 National Union of Textile Workers of America. He was elected the first General Secre- 
 tary, which position he fills to-day. He is also the editor of Yarn and Cloth, the textile 
 workers' paper. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS 
 
 • :.••:••.' .•:■••' .•:•-.' ••:••.' ••:.•:. ••:••. ••:••. .•:.•:• ••:••..•:••. •••:••.. •?..•'• •••:.•"• ••?: 
 
 | WM. PICKHARDT & KUTTROFF. | 
 
 frV-ti; (Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Special Partner.) £;£ 
 
 : $* !':•>: 
 
 5:j> — IMPORTERS ok — •;;•;'.•.- 
 
 % HIi3arine anb Hniline 2)£es, £ 
 
 >• No. 98 LIBERTY STREET, •""■: 
 
 ;£* hSq 
 
 /j|A BJBANCH OFFICES: £i> 
 
 i$* BOSTON, 60 Pearl St. s|s 
 
 :«N PROVIDENCE, 32 So. Water St. N F W VOPK •"'■" 
 
 ig* PHILADELPHIA, 30 No. Front St. ijjg 
 
 if? CHICAGO, 207 Michigan St. *& 
 
 Jofe «/. Keller & Co., 
 
 m~" 5°L-E AGENTS FOR 
 
 • 5obn 1R. <Mqe & Go,, Basic, 
 
 A\ANUF/*CTURERS OF 
 
 * * Ai)ilioe Colors, Di|ewood and Taooip Extracts, Etc. * * 
 
 64 MURRAY STREET, NEW YORK- 
 
 153 ^ilK 5tr«et, 134 Chestnut Street, 
 
 Boston, r\*ss. Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Specialties for Cotton, Wool and Silk Printing. 
 Fast Wool Colors in Powder (Chronic Mordant). 
 Fast One Dip Colors, for Cotton, Cotton and Wool Mixed Goods. 
 
MANUAL III.' KEKEKENI'E (IF TEXTILE WOKKKKS. 
 
 NATIONAL UNION OF TEXTILE WORKERS OF AMERICA. 
 
 Organized at Lowell, ]Vlass., JVlarch 30-31, 1891. 
 
 LIST OF GENERAL OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE COUNCILS. 
 
 First General Executive Council, Elected at Lowell, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL PRESIDENT. 
 
 Eugene Sullivan, of Union No. i, of 
 Fall River, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 
 
 Edward Greenhalge, of Union No. of 
 Lowell, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL SECRETARY. 
 
 T. P. Cahill, of Union No. 5, of Law- 
 rence, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL TREASURER. 
 
 Louis Armstein, of Union No. 6, of 
 Dover, N. H. 
 
 Patrick J. Connolly, of Union No. 1, of 
 Fall River, Mass. 
 
 Miss Annie Keeley, of Union No. 3 of 
 Nashua, N. H. 
 
 The Second General Executive Council, Elected at Fall River, 
 Mass., August 4-5, i8gi. 
 
 GENERAL PRESIDENT. 
 
 Eugene Sullivan, of Union No. 1, of Fall 
 Fall River, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 
 
 Louis Armstein, of Union No. 6, of 
 Dover, N. H. 
 
 GENERAL SECRETARY. 
 
 T. P. Cahill of Union No. 5, of Law- 
 rence, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL TREASURER. 
 
 James Arthern, of Union No. 1, of Fall 
 River, Mass. 
 
 James P. Hayes, of Union No. 4, of Low- 
 ell, Mass. 
 
 Miss Annie Keeley, of Union No. 3, of 
 Nashua, N. H. 
 
 Matthew Mart, of Union No. 7, of New 
 New Bedford, Mass. 
 
 [continued on i'ac;e eleven.] 
 
1(1 
 
 MANUAL OF IM-'.I- FI.'FNOF (IF TKXTILE WOISKEUS. 
 
 con^LinENTs * 
 
 OF THE 
 
 IRttson flfoacbine Co. 
 
 • LOWELL, MASS. * 
 
 ESTABLISHED ISS6. CAPITAL STOCK, S45.000. 
 INCORPORATED, MAY, 1888. 
 
 Howard Brothers Manufacturing Co. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 MACHINE (ARD CLOTHINQ, 
 
 HAND-STRIPPING CARDS, 
 
 AND 
 
 /*\ac!7ir;e Wire Hedclley, 
 
 No. 32 Vine Street, 
 
 NEAR UNION PASSENGER DEPOT, 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 OUTSIDE OF THE 
 
 CARD CLOTHING COMBINE. 
 
 Howard Brothers Manufacturing Co., 
 
 NO. 32 VINE STREET, 
 Near Urjior) Passenger Depot, - 
 
 WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
MANUAL up liKKKKKNCK Of TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 1 1 
 
 [continued from PAGE NINE.] 
 
 The Third General Exeutive Council, Elected at New York, 
 March 14 and 15, iSga. 
 
 GENERAL PRESIDENT. 
 
 John P. Downey, of Union No. 1, Fall 
 River, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 
 
 Edward A. Thornton, of Union No 8, of 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 GENERAL SECRETARY. 
 
 D. E. Watrous,* of Union No. 15, Low- 
 ell, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL TREASURER. 
 
 James Arthern, of Union No. 1, of Fall 
 River, Mass. 
 
 Charles W. Dunn, of Union No. 15, Low- 
 ell, Mass. 
 
 J. A. Donovan, of Union No. 1, Fall 
 River, Mass. 
 
 E. W. Theinert, of Union 21, Rockville, 
 Conn. 
 
 •Resigned in October, 1892, and John Wilkinson appointed to fill the vacancy. 
 
 The Fourth General Executive Council, Elected at New Bed- 
 ford, Mass., May 1-2, iSgj. 
 
 GENERAL PRESIDENT. 
 
 Ed. A. Thornton, of Union No. 8, Phila- 
 delphia, Pa. 
 
 GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 
 
 Matthew Hart, of Union No. 7, New 
 Bedford, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL SECRETARY. 
 
 John Wilkinson, of Union No. 7, New 
 Bedford, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL TREASURER. 
 
 James Arthern, of Union No. 1, Fall 
 River Mass. 
 
 John P. Downey, of Union No. 1, Fall 
 River, Mass. 
 
 Napoleon Duclois, of Union No. 1, Fall 
 River Mass. 
 
 T. P. Cahill, of Union No. 2, Lawrence, 
 Mass. 
 
 Fifth General Executive Council, Elected at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., May 7-8-g, i8g4. 
 
 GENERAL PRESIDENT. 
 
 E. A. Thornton, of Union <S, Philadelphia, 
 Pa. 
 
 GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 
 
 Matthew Hart, of Union No. 7, New 
 Bedford, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL SECRETARY. 
 
 T. P. Cahill, of Union No. 2, of Law- 
 rence, Mass. 
 
 GENERAL TREASURER. 
 
 James Arthern,* of Union No. 1, Fall 
 River, Mass. 
 
 Richard McGuy, of Union No. 53, Provi- 
 dence, R. I. 
 
 John Tomlinson, of Union, No. 67, 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 James C. Brown, of Union No. 65, 
 Astoria, L. I., N. Y. 
 
 •Resigned one week after adjournment and Miss Annie Lucitt appointed to fill the vacancy. 
 
12 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 0X3 
 
 ^gi| |TANMRQrTRAVELER4^|Ri 
 
 ^^ssg^f^s.: Metallic Burnish IikeTHat 
 
 ~ -.- /(S^RODuCED B? THE TRAVELERS -^r 
 
 €P 
 
 #§» 
 
 Manufacturers of . . . 
 
 BOBBINS, 
 SPOOLS, 
 
 * AND • 
 
 SHUTTLES, 
 
 LHWRENCE, 
 MHSS. 
 
 
 AMERICAN 
 STAVE & COOPERAGE CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of Cedar, Cypress, Pine or Oak 
 
 Round and Sojjare Tanks, 
 
 Dye Tubs and Vats, 
 
 Of Any Shape or Capacity. 
 
 Casks, Hogsheads, Barrels and Kegs. 
 
 -OFFICES: — 
 
 NEW YORK. BOSTON. 
 
 Illustrated Catalogue upon application. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 13 
 
 II 
 
 * OF AJVIE^ICA. * 
 
 -ORGANIZED AT— 
 
 LOWELL, MASS. MARCH 30-31, 1891, 
 
 WITH SIX UNIONS. 
 
 ^•ROSTER OF LOCAL UNIONS.* 
 
 
 No. 
 
 1. 
 
 
 
 Union 
 
 Cotton Weavers. 
 
 Fall River, Mass. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 2. 
 
 Weavers. 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 Uniou 
 
 No. 
 
 3. 
 
 Cotton Weavers. 
 
 Nashua, N. H. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 4. 
 
 Wool Spinners. 
 
 Lowell, Mass. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 5. 
 
 Textile Workers. 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 6. 
 
 Woolen Operatives. 
 
 Dover, N. H. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 7. 
 
 Cotton Weavers. 
 
 New Bedford, Mass 
 
 Union 
 
 No-. 
 
 8. 
 
 German Operatives. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 9. 
 
 Warp Dressers. 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 10. 
 
 Weavers. 
 
 Lewistou, Me. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 11. 
 
 Weavers. 
 
 Adams, Mass. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 12. 
 
 German Operatives. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 13. 
 
 German Operatives. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 14. 
 
 German Operatives. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 15. 
 
 Wuolen Weavers. 
 
 Lowell, Mass. 
 
 [CONTINUED ON PAGE FIFTEEN.] 
 
14 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 v>K- 
 
 Paper Cop Tubes to stand steaming. 
 
 We make Tapered Tubes in all shapes used 
 by foreign spinners. 
 
 Also all kinds of Shells and Cones for Cone 
 Winders. 
 
 .:.«■ . ••;• # .>:".•• .•':* ."';•:.••';• .•;':*. "; ; ^*/. 
 
 4~ 
 
 HfflflZORTH 5 WHTSGN. 
 
 Standard * Cop * Tube * Works, 
 
 LOMELL, MKSS. 
 
 .?..?••?. .*..*■ Compliments of tbe ••■••••••••••• 
 
 flfterrimac Manufacturing (gompang, 
 
 Xowell, ilftass. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERECNE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 15 
 
 [continued from page thirteen 
 
 Union No. 16. Textile Workers. 
 
 Union No. 17. Cotton Carders. 
 
 Union No. 18. Cotton Carders. 
 
 Union No. 19. Woolen Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 20. German Operatives. 
 
 Union No. 21. German Operatives. 
 
 Union No. 22. Hosiery Workeis. 
 
 Union No. 23. Hosiery Workers. 
 
 Union No. 24. Cotton Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 25. Textile Workers. 
 
 Union No. 26. Cotton Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 27. Hosiery Workers. 
 
 Union No. 28. Textile Workers. 
 
 Union No. 29. Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 30. Weft Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 31. Woolen Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 32. Woolen Spinners. 
 
 Union No. 33. Sewing-in-hands. 
 
 Union No. 34. Cotton Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 35. Delaine Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 36. Cotton Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 37. Loomfixers. 
 
 Union No. 38. Dyers. 
 
 Union No. 39. Burlers and Speckers. 
 
 Union No. 40. Woolen Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 41. Dressers and Slashers. 
 
 Union No. 42. German Dyer.-. 
 
 Union No. 43. Drawing-in-hands. 
 
 Union No. 44. Worsted Help. 
 
 Union No. 45. Loom-fixers. 
 
 Union No. 46. Loomfixers. 
 
 Union No, 47. Woolen Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 48. Wool Sorters. 
 
 Union No. 49. Worsted Help. 
 
 Union No. 50. Art Square Weavers. 
 
 Union No. 51. Hosiery Workers. 
 
 [continued on page seventeen.] 
 
 ] 
 
 Peterboro, N. II. 
 
 New Bedford, Mass. 
 
 Fall River, Mass. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 Rockville, Conn. 
 
 Cohoes, N. Y. 
 
 Amsterdam, N. Y. 
 
 Lowell, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia Pa. 
 
 Thorndike, Mass. 
 
 Little Falls, N. Y. 
 
 Utica, N. Y. 
 
 Pawtucket, R. I. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Lyinansville, R. I. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 AVaterville, Me. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Waltham, Mass. 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Providence, R. 1. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Pascoag, R. I. 
 Harrisville, R. 1. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Thornton, R. I. 
 
i<; 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 Compliments of 
 
 philips 61 ftunbarbt 
 
 LAWRENCE, MASS. 
 
 -«t®re;sg ® ©00ets.lN- 
 
 Why pay retailers' profits when you 
 can buy direct of the manufacturers and 
 save three profits by so doing? We carry 
 The Finest Line of Dress Goods sold in 
 the state, at prices that defy competition. 
 We do a large mail order business. Send 
 for samples. All goods ordered by mail 
 delivered to any part of the state free of all 
 express or charges. 
 
 ■Moolen ano Worstefc = = = 
 
 Drees (Boobs Manufacturers, 
 
 42, 44, 46, 48 and 50 Island St., 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 (Slobe Morsteo /BMIls, 
 
 /Ifcanufacturers of 
 
 Jnne Worsteb U?avns * * 
 
 anb 
 
 * * Dress (3oobs» 
 
 "Knitting J^arns in Colors anb fllMitures a 
 Specialty. 
 
 IRoils of all Funbs, anb Uops fov IRoller 
 Xapping constantly on banb. 
 
 Xawrence, fIDass. 
 
 a. 1E>. IRobfnson, agent. 
 
 THE * * * 
 
 COBURN SHUTTLE 1 BOBBIN CO. 
 
 /"V&nuf&cturers of 
 
 POWER ANB H/IND 
 
 LOOM* SHUTTLES 
 
 Of Every Kind, From Well-seasoned 
 
 Stock. Also Shuttle Irons 
 
 of all Kinds. 
 
 LOWELL, fA/lSS. 
 
 We have the largest amount of machinery and the largest 
 stock of any factory in the business. 
 
MANIA!, OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 17 
 
 ^•ROSTER OF LOCHL UNIONS.-* 
 
 [continued from page fifteen.] 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 52. 
 
 Weybossctt Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 53. 
 
 National Mill Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 .54. 
 
 Riverside Mill Weavers-, 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 - r )5. 
 
 Saxon .Mill Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 56. 
 
 Dyers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 57. 
 
 Delaine Loomfixers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 58. 
 
 Hosiery Mill Operatives. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 59. 
 
 Woolen Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 00. 
 
 Woolen Operatives, (Navy Yard, 
 
 i) 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 61. 
 
 Lorriane Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 62. 
 
 German Operatives. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 63. 
 
 Dyers and Finishers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 64. 
 
 Loonilixers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 65. 
 
 Textile Operatives. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 66. 
 
 Wool Spinners. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 67. 
 
 Lace Curtain Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 68. 
 
 Woolen Operatives. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 69. 
 
 Woolen Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 70. 
 
 Woolen Operatives. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 71. 
 
 Woolen Weavers and Fixers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 72. 
 
 Cloth Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 73. 
 
 Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 74. 
 
 Textile Workers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 75. 
 
 Weavers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 76. 
 
 Knitters. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 77. 
 
 Wool Spinners. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 78. 
 
 Woolen Operatives. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 79. 
 
 Cotton Weavers and Fixers. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 80. 
 
 Woolen Operatives. 
 
 
 Union 
 
 No. 
 
 81. 
 
 Cotton Operatives. 
 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Providence, R. I. 
 Bennington, Vt. 
 Pittsfield, Mass. 
 Dracut, Mass. 
 Pawtucket, R. I. 
 Holyoke, Mass. 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 Lewiston, Me. 
 Astoria, L. I., N. Y. 
 Pittsfield, Mass. 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Lowell, Mass. 
 Pascoag, R. I. 
 Lowell, Mass. 
 Woonsocket, R. I. 
 Philadelphia, Pa, 
 Rockville, Conn. 
 Fitchburg, Mass. 
 Frankford, Pa. 
 Woonsocket, R. I. 
 Maynard, Mass. 
 West Fitchburg, Mass. 
 Woonsocket, R. I. 
 North Adams, Mass. 
 North Adams, Mass. 
 
 Carpet Weavers. 
 
 Iirussell Carpet Weavers Union, Lowell, Mass. 
 Ingrain Carpet Weavers Union, Lowell, Mass. 
 Ingrain Carpet Weavers Union, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Iirussell Carpel Weavers Union, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Carpel Weavers Union, Roxbury, Mass. 
 
 Jack Spinners. 
 
 Amulet Association of Jack Spinners, Cohoes, N". V. 
 [continued on page nineteen.] 
 
18 
 
 MANUAL OF REKEHEXCE OE TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 Frederick Grinnell, Prest. Frank B. Comins, Vice-Prest. and Gen'l Mg'r. F. H. Hartwell, Treas. 
 
 THE 
 
 U. S. Aerophor Air-Moistening and Ventilating Co., 
 
 PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 The " Aerophor " Humidifier is an apparatus of superior merit, adaptable to all the varied conditions of 
 
 Textile Manufacture. 
 
 Increases Production. 
 
 Destroys troublesome Elec- 
 tricity. 
 
 Makes every day a " Good 
 Day." 
 
 
 Vertical 
 
 TYPE 
 3FAER0PH0R 
 
 AIR 
 MOISTENER 
 
 Warps Strengthened. 
 Yarn Breaks Higher. 
 Size Retained. 
 No Steam Used. 
 Absolutely Reliable. 
 
 The "Aerophor" is more effective and of greater capacity than the best apparatus ever introduced in this 
 country or abroad, possessing features not existing in any other Humidifier. Our Single Nozzle, for producing the 
 air current, has none of the annoying features possible with the two-water jet, or Double= Water Moistener. 
 ^^CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 
 
 , - ./;'• -^^fi^ 
 
 : -_ 
 
 Z\)C Ibartforb Steam Boiler 
 
 Inspection anb Insurance Co. 
 
 HA5- 
 
 Over Two Hundred and Thirty Millions of Dollars of insurance at risk, 
 
 More than Fifty-Six Thousand Boilers under Inspection 'and Insurance, 
 
 Over One Million Dollars Re-insurance reserve, and 
 
 A Surplus, as regards Policy-Holders, of over Six Hundred Thousand Dollars; 
 
 And it has returned to Policy-Holders over Three Million Dollars, in losses paid and in inspections. 
 
 Insurance Against Loss or Damage to Property and Loss of Life and Injury to Persons 
 
 Caused By 
 
 ^^ STEAM 
 
 BOILER * EXPLOSIONS.^ 
 
 J. M. ALLEN, President. 
 J. B. PIERCE, Secretary. 
 
 W. B. FRANKLIN, Vice President. 
 F. B. ALLEN, 2d Vice President. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENC1 OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 19 
 
 ^•ROSTER OF LOCHL UNIONS.-^ 
 
 [CONTINUED FROM PAGE SEVENTEEN.] 
 
 Branches of Silk Weavers. 
 
 Anthony Kastner, 111 W. 40th St., N. Y., City. 
 Adolph Schnell, Jr., College Point, L. I. 
 John Brengard, 113 Garden St., Union Hill, N. J. 
 Ernest Schulz, 624 Park Ave, Brooklyn, E. D. 
 Otto Kaefley, 28 Cottage St., Middletown, N. Y. 
 Chas. Boether, 42 Main St., Yonkers, N. Y. 
 
 Web Weavers. 
 
 Arthur Audley, Bridgeport, Conn. 
 A. R. Grant, Brockton, .Mass. 
 A. J. Sutton, Chelsea, Mass. 
 Geo. Stevenson, Camden, N. J. 
 David Chittim, Norwalk, Conn. 
 James Forsyth, Easthampton, Mass. 
 
 Knit Goods Workers. 
 
 Gustav Kulmert, Nashua, N. H. 
 Win. McRohert, Rockland, Mass. 
 T. McGinnis, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 I!. Hale, Manayunk, Pa. 
 S. Ilatje, Amsterdam, N. Y. 
 N. Morris, Schenectady, X. Y. 
 E. Martin, Franklin, X. H. 
 
 National Cotton Mule Spinners' Union. 
 
 Robert Howard, Fall River, Mass. 
 Samuel Ross, New Bedford, Mass. 
 William Rafferty, Lowell, Mass. 
 Patrick Sweeney, Lawrence, Mass. 
 Henry Reid, Holyoke, Mass. 
 Euclid Smith, Chicopee, Mass. 
 Arthur Herbert, Taunton, Mass. 
 Patrick J. Lilly, Waltham, Mass. 
 Frank W. Keating, Blackstone, Mass. 
 Thomas Brunei - , Waterville, Me. 
 Charles P. Greene, Augusta, Me. 
 James Gleason, Biddeford, Me. 
 William Hand, Lewiston, Me. 
 I). C. Reardon, Dover, X. II. 
 Joseph T. Dowling, Nashua, X. II. 
 George Ryan, Manchester, X. II. 
 William Burke, Pawtucket, R. 1. 
 Joseph Mullarkey, Manvijle, R. I. 
 John Sullivan, Westerly, I.'. 1. 
 John Henry. Woonsocket, R. I. 
 James < Shadwick, River Point, R. I. 
 William Barlow, Taftville, Conn. 
 William Winterbottom, Patterson, X.J. 
 
 No. 2 I . John Dixon, Kearney. X. .1. 
 
 No. 
 
 1. 
 
 No. 
 
 2. 
 
 No. 
 
 3. 
 
 No. 
 
 1. 
 
 No. 
 
 5. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 <;. 
 
 No. 
 
 l. 
 
 No. 
 
 2. 
 
 No. 
 
 3. 
 
 No. 
 
 4. 
 
 No. 
 
 5. 
 
 No. 
 
 G. 
 
 No. 
 
 1. 
 
 No. 
 
 2. 
 
 No. 
 
 3. 
 
 No. 
 
 4. 
 
 No. 
 
 5. 
 
 No. 
 
 C>. 
 
 No. 
 
 7. 
 
 No. 
 
 iati 
 
 l. 
 
 No. 
 
 2. 
 
 No. 
 
 3. 
 
 No. 
 
 4. 
 
 No. 
 
 5. 
 
 No. 
 
 6. 
 
 No. 
 
 7. 
 
 No. 
 
 ■s. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 '.). 
 
 No. 
 
 in. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 11. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 12. 
 
 No. 
 
 18. 
 
 No. 
 
 14. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 15. 
 
 No. 
 
 k;. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 17. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 is. 
 
 No. 
 
 lit. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 •_'(). 
 
 Xo. 
 
 21. 
 
 Xo. 
 
 22. 
 
 No. 
 
 23. 
 
20 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 We advertise only what we have, 
 
 and exactly as it is. 
 
 Our Business is to furnish Ready Clothing to Ladies, 
 Gentlemen and Children, Gentlemen's Fine Furnishings and 
 Hats and Caps for Men and Boys. We know that to secure 
 and hold trade it is necessary to offer only goods of first 
 quality at fair prices, and to stand squarely behind every 
 transaction between ourselves and our patrons. 
 
 Therefore, we buy nothing we caunot guarantee, and sell 
 nothing we are not ready to take back and return purchase 
 money. Many lines of goods we do not accept as offered by 
 manufacturers to the general trade, but require them made 
 to conform to our knowledge of the needs of our trade. 
 
 Among our specialties are the Rogers, Peet & Co. Suits 
 and Overcoats for Men; "Little Giant" Suits for Boys; B. & C. 
 Cloaks, Coats, Capes and Suits for Ladies; Silk and wash- 
 goods Shirt Waists and Silk Skirts for Ladies ; our $2.90 Hat 
 (as good as hatters sell at $3.50 to $5,) and our $1.90 Hat 
 (as good as any sold at $2.50); "Star" Shirts for Men ; Shirt 
 Waists for Ladies and Boys; our own "Roger Williams" 
 Collars, at 13 cents. 
 
 We clothe gentlemen with handsomer, better fitting and 
 better made clothing than 75 per cent, of custom tailors can 
 make at 25 to 50 per cent, less expense. 
 
 Jerome Kennedy & Co. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 21 
 
 KNOWLES LOOM WORKS. 
 
 We take pleasure in calling the attention of our readers to the advertisement of the 
 Knowles Loom Works in the first insert page, whose extensive works at Worcester, Mass., 
 we had the opportunity of visiting a short time ago. The works are situated on Grand and 
 Tainter streets and are most admirably arranged for their business. Here all kinds of 
 looms are manufactured for even - variety of fabric of cotton, woolen or silk, from the 
 finest silk dress goods to the coarsest horse blanket, and from the finest silk ribbon to the 
 coarsest surcingle or upholsters' web and all the way between. The company build a 
 greater variety of looms than any other concern in the world. 
 
 The main building is 256 feet long by 221 wide built around a hollow square, four 
 stories high and contains about 120,000 feet of floor space. The foundry, forge shop, dry 
 house, lumber sheds, store house, etc., give an entire floor space of 190,000 feet. Here in 
 good times 1000 men find steady employment. 
 
 The capital stock of the company is $600,000 and is mostly held by the family of Mr. 
 Knowles and the managing directors. 
 
 The Messrs. Knowles first started the loom business at Warren, Mass., in 1862, moved 
 to Worcester in 1866 to the Sargent block in Allen court. From there the)' moved to the 
 "Junction Shop" in 1879, and in 1890 they built and moved to their present plant. 
 
 The Knowles Open Shed Fancy Loom was first introduced into the market in 1872, 
 since that time the growth of the business has been almost phenomenal. 
 
 The open shed principle of weaving was looked upon with disfavor by other loom 
 builders and by some manufacturers, but in later years it has been demonstrated that it is 
 the true theory of weaving, and very largely adopted both in this and foreign countries. 
 
 The Knowles Loom Works has always adhered to the policy of building the best 
 machinery possible in their various lines, and to this fact as well as to the general mechan- 
 ical construction of their looms may be attributed a large share of their success. 
 
 In the year 1884 Mr. L. J. Knowles visited Europe for the purpose of making arrange- 
 ments for the manufacture of the Knowles Loom in foreign countries, and after a thorough 
 
 [CONTINUED ON PAGE TWENTY-THREE.] 
 
22 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 CHARLES S. BUSH COMPANY, 
 
 Importers, Manufacturers and Dealers in 
 
 DRUGS, DYE-STUFFS, CHEMICALS. 
 
 2X2 and 214 Weybossett Street, 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 * FISKE BROS. REFINING CO., * 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Lubricating * Grease 
 
 KND OILS. 
 
 161 MILK STREET, BOSTON. 
 
 COMPLIMENTS OF ••• + 
 
 ri. • W. • L/IDD * & * eo., 
 
 ■*■ # PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 J. B. BARNABY 1852. J. B. BARNABY & CO. 1869. THE J. B. BARNABY CO. 1889. 
 
 The J. B. Barnaby Co., 
 
 (INCORPORATED.) 
 MANUFACTURERS, JOBBERS and RETAILERS OF 
 
 MEN'S, YOUTHS', BOYS' and CHILDREN'S CLOTHING. 
 
 SPECIAL DEPARTMENT FOR 
 
 Ladies', Hisses' and Children's Ready-Made Suits and Outside Garments. 
 122 to 130 Westminster St,, Providence, R. I. 
 
 BROWNING, KING & 60., 
 
 212-216 WESTMINSTER ST., COR. EDDY, PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 Mf»CTURER? and RETAILER? F T M F FT T H I W T F ° R m B ° YS m ^' 
 
 OF CORRECT STYLE?. 
 
 -<2>'"0- 
 
 ST. PAUL, MINNEAPOLIS, OMAHA, 
 KANSAS CITY, MILWAUKEE, LINCOLN. 
 
 BOSTON, NEW YORK, BROOKLYN. ST. LOUIS, 
 PHILADELPHIA, CINCINNATI, CHICAGO. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEX I'll. E WORKERS. 23 
 
 KNOWLES LOOM WORKS. 
 
 [continued from page twenty-one.] 
 
 investigation of the facilities of the various loom builders, made arrangements with Messrs. 
 Hutchinson, Hollingworth & Co., of Dobcross, England, to build the looms on a royalt 
 under their patents. It was a very difficult thing to introduce a new loom into England, 
 largely because of the prejudice of the English people to a new machine, and especially to 
 anything American, but through the persistent efforts of Messrs. Hutchinson, Hollingworth 
 & Co., the loom has become so popular that it has very largely displaced looms of other 
 makes and is now the most popular loom in England and on the continent of Europe — 
 11,285 of them having been put into the various mills of those countries. 
 
 The Knowles Loom Works and Messrs. Hutchinson, Ilollingwood & Co., are in con- 
 stant communication with each other and representatives of these two companies visit each 
 others manufactories, and thus both concerns have the advantage of any new device de- 
 veloped by either, and thus the best possible results are obtained by both manufacturers. 
 
 In November, 1893, the Knowles Loom Works made an important acquisition in the 
 purchase of the entire business together with all the patents connected therewith of the 
 Geo. W. Stafford Manufacturing Co. of Providence, R. I., thus adding to their already 
 extensive business the manufacture of Jacquards, dobbies, shedding engines and textile 
 specialties of various kinds. The union of these two concerns doubtless places the 
 Knowles Loom Works at the head of the manufacture of textile machinerv in the United 
 States, and in connection with Messrs. Hutchinson, Hollingworth & Co., their agents in 
 England, the largest in the world. 
 
 Mr. Geo. W. Stafford still retains his position as manager of the Providence branch of 
 their manufactory. 
 
 The Knowles Loom Works exhibit at the Worlds Columbian Exposition was one of 
 the most interesting and attractive in the whole grounds. 
 
 Here were 14 looms in constant operation showing the construction of the various 
 fabrics and illustrating the construction and operation of their looms to the instruction and 
 delight of the thousands of visitors. There were looms, weaving worsteds, woolens, 
 ingrain carpets, jeans, ginghams, silk dress goods, brocatelle, furniture covering and ribbons 
 at a rate of speed and perfection of construction heretofore unattained and which was a 
 perfect surprise to their many visitors, especially the foreign manufacturers. 
 
 For their fine exhibit they were granted the highest number of awards of any man- 
 ufacturer of textile machinery. One for general principle of Open Shed Looms; one for 
 their Woolen and Worsted Loom; one for their Ingrain Carpet Loom; one for their Silk 
 Brocatelle Loom, and one for their Jacquard Silk Loom. 
 
 The company invite anyone interested in the construction and operation of looms to 
 visit their works where they can see their machinery in process of construction. 
 
21 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 • •:;•:. •:•:.•:. ■*■■;• \;*tf,- 
 
 &i 'v.*- v.: .ifev*; :&: v 
 
 ::* Compliments of ♦ ♦ ♦ 
 
 1 A 
 
 Callender, 
 McAuslane 
 
 AND 
 
 Troup Co. 
 
 PROVIDENCE, R. I. | 
 
 >'•;•<•;'>.•>. •■;•■;•"'. 
 
 •.•>• .•••:.• •••:i- 
 
 J. D. LEWIS, 
 
 384 EX6HAN6E PLA6E, 
 
 PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 The Pomroy Coal Co. 
 
 : : : DEALERS IN : : : 
 
 COHL ••• 
 
 AND 
 
 •• WOOD. 
 
 OFFICE, 
 
 NO. 35 WBYBOSSMT STREET, 
 PROVlDEriGE, R. I. 
 
 YARDS, 
 330 EDDY ST, and 184 DYER ST. 
 
MAM \1. (IK KKKKKKM K (IK TKXT1I.K. WORKERS. 
 
 25 
 
 LIMITS OF COMPETITION. 
 
 What is the limit of competition as a principle of business? This is a question which the manufacturer, 
 whatever the character of his product, has been asking himself. But there is no limit to competition, although it 
 is lamentably true that there is a competition which is healthful, and one which is harmful. There are manufac- 
 turers who have extensive and elaborate plants which are paid for, and adequate amounts of working capital 
 employed in their business. They are careful, prudent, progressive, watchful over details, and knowing the cost 
 of their products. There are others whose plants are not paid for, who are doing business largely upon credit, 
 who have less at stake, who either do not know how to compute the cost of their products, or are recklessly in- 
 different to such cost in fixing the selling price. It is true these latter will in time exhaust their credit and fail, 
 but independently of the incalculable evil which they cause to business meanwhile they do not cease to be dis- 
 turbers when they fail, for they readily compromise with their creditors at from twenty-five to fifty cents on the 
 dollar, and are then in a better position than ever to harass their rivals who pay their debts and do a safe busi- 
 ness. 
 
 There is another kind of competition which works evil. Here is a manufacturer who makes use of only the 
 best materials, who employs the most skilful and consequently the highest priced labor, and who turns out a 
 product which is the best of its kind. He has a competitor whose product is very inferior. The product, let us 
 Bay, is machinery. Now when he who uses such machinery wants to buy he seeks prices from all the makers of 
 that kind of machinery, and naturally those who make the inferior machines are able to quote the lowest prices, 
 and these are the prices which the buyer endeavors to make the basis of his purchase, not however of the in- 
 ferior machines but of the best, and if the maker of the best machines were to accept this price and furnish 
 exactly the kind of machines on which the price had been given they would be rejected. Now every one knows, 
 or ought to know, that in an open market with free competition he gets for the most part just what he pays for, 
 and if he asks prices from several on a given article and there is a great difference in the quotations he knows 
 that there must be a corresponding difference in the articles. One cannot get prices on gold, silver, and lead, all 
 metals, and then take the price of lead and expect to get silver for it, much less gold. Pair and honorable com- 
 petition in times like the present will force prices down to the lowest living rate, but such irrational competition, 
 as has been described, works disaster to business, and bears especially hard upon labor the rewards of which are 
 cruelly cut off in the relentless struggle. 
 
 The best is generally the cheapest. If this is so generally it is especially true in the case of machinery. 
 The difference in price between the best machine and the one which is not the best is nothing when compared 
 with the results of the two in use. The best will do more or better work, makes less waste, if waste is an item, 
 is safer, if safety is a factor, requires less power, is more easily operated, needs less attention, costs less to main- 
 tain it, has a longer life, etc., etc. What folly it is, for example, to use poor machines in a textile mill to wind 
 yarn on the bobbins or quills when a great saving can be made by having the Fairmount winders, a saving not 
 only in the cost of the winding but also in that of the weaving, for as these machines lay more yarn on the bob- 
 bins than other machines the looms are idle just that much less time from changing the bobbins, not to speak of 
 the better work which is done by the loom when the bobbins are perfectly formed. Then there is the "Ingra- 
 ham" patent shedding mechanism or harness motion, of which the Fairmount Machine Co. is the sole manufac- 
 turer, the best in every way, and the most economical from every point of view. It makes better cloth and at 
 
 | ( i in riMK.ii <in i\\i;k, twk.n tv-sk.vk.n . | 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 TOR & SL/VER, 
 
 Dyeing A\&cbipes. 
 
 These machines dye textile fibres in the Top, Sliver or Roving. By their use Re- 
 Carding or Re-Combing is successfully avoided. 
 
 /. Wool 5courh}$ /^l&cbipery • • 
 
 FOE 
 
 New 5olvei?t Process- 
 By this process wool is cleansed without the use of soap or alkali and a larger yield of 
 cleaner, brighter, stronger and softer wool is obtained and all the valuable by-products are 
 removed from the fleece. 
 
 EniLE flAERTENS, 
 
 Providence, R. I 
 
 =^rS 
 
 \. '«£3? 
 
 PROVIDENCE 
 MACHINE COMPANY, 
 
 No. 564 EDDY STREET, 
 
 PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
m\m u iir i;ki i:i;i.n< !•: ok tkxtii.k woi;kki;s. 
 
 27 
 
 LIMITS OF COMPETITION. 
 
 [continued from page twenty-five.] 
 
 less cost. It is sure, even and constant in its operation, and not dependent on springs which grow continually 
 weaker. The weaver can easily take out broken picks and mend broken threads and then start the loom without 
 further adjustment and without losing a pick and there is no danger of anything breaking if the loom is moved 
 backward. Its construction is simple, its movement is smooth, its action is positive, it is easy on the yarn, it 
 makes no misses, and does its work without strain. It has few parts and large wearing surfaces, and requires 
 little care and attention. It is made from sixteen harness up, can be fitted to any make or width of loom, and 
 will weave the finest silk or cotton, or the heaviest woolen or worsted fabrics. 
 
 The reciprocating tension and protection motion (recently patented) for the warp, which is made by the 
 Fairmount Machine Co., of Philadelphia, should be on every loom, for with-this attachment, which is not expen- 
 sive, better and more even cloth can be made. Ordinarily and with all kinds of beam frictions the warp is not 
 let off regularly and there are the consequent thick and thin places in the cloth. The tension metion corrects all 
 this and is also a positive protection against "smashes." It is simple and easy of application to every kind of 
 loom, and will save its cost many times over in the weaving of either light, medium or heavy goods. 
 
 So reference might be made in detail to every machine built by the Fairmount Machine Co. Its well 
 known loom has been gone over inch by inch and been improved in every way. The company also has the 
 drawings and patterns of all the "Bridesburg" looms and auxiliary machinery. Its beaming machinery are su- 
 perior to all other beamers, its dyeing and sizing machines the most substantial and economical. Its transmis- 
 sion machinery is in use everywhere, the patterns for which are light, strong and graceful. The bearings for 
 shafting are absolutely self-oiling and require almost no attention at all. For peculiar or difficult situations 
 some of its special appliances, which are mostly protected by patents, such as angular and muley drivings, car- 
 rier and gallows pulleys, belt tighteners, etc., etc., will be found to be just what is needed, and of its patent fric- 
 tion pulley too much cannot be said. For the reason that it is not extensively advertised it is perhaps not known 
 by every one that this company makes a' freight elevator especially suitable for textile mills. There are factories 
 where this machine has supplanted almost every other kind of elevator because of the excellent service which it 
 gives. 
 
 Enough has been said to indicate where the best machinery of certain kinds can be had, and it cannot be 
 said too emphatically the best machine is worth what it costs, a poor machine is dear at any price. 
 
28 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 4>4> 
 
 ^ 
 
 COMPLIMENTS OF . . . 
 
 NATIONAL RING ife 
 TRAVELER CO. 
 
 PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 A. CU TIS TINGLEY, Treas. 
 
 ALBERT CURTIS. 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1831. 
 
 EDWIN T. MARBLE. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 CURTIS & MARBLE 
 
 ool ©mrriiiig aj| QMki ftifeft; 
 
 SHEARING 7 S \ACHINE5 A SPECIALTY. 
 
 WEBSTER SQUARE, 
 
 WORCESTER, MAS S. 
 
 Shake Willows or Dusters; Spur Tooth or Tenter Hook Pickers; Burr Pickers; Steel 
 Ring and Solid Packing Burring Machines, with Steel Ring Feed Rolls for Woolen and 
 Worsted Cards. Shearing Machinesfor all kinds of Cotton, Woolen and Worsted Goods, 
 Plushes, Carpets, Rugs, Mats, etc. Up and Down, Double Acting, Steam and Gessner 
 Gigs; Gessner Rolling Teasel Gigs, Endless Felt Gigs, Wire Nappers for Satinets, Blankets, 
 Knit Fleecings, etc. Single and Double Acting Brushing Machines; Cotton Brushing 
 Machines; Gas Singeing Machines, Gessner Rotary Steam Cloth Press; Stretching and Rol- 
 ling Machines; Patent Doubling and Sewing Machines; Reversible Flock Cutters. Rag- 
 Cutters; Flock Renovators; Shear Grinders; Steam Finishing Machines; Cloth Winders 
 and Measurers; Cloth Folding and Measuring Machines. 
 
 Machine Brushes of all kinds made and repaired. 
 
 Particular attention paid to Repairing and Grinding Shear Blades and Buar Cylinders. 
 QgirSEND FOR CATALOGUE. 
 
MANUAL OK BEEEEENCE OK TEXTILE \\ oKk I i:>. 
 
 29 
 
 
 x PRINT CLOTHS, x 
 
 The Highest and Lowest Price in Standard Print Cloths, 64 x 64. 
 
 
 
 7850-7894. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Highest. 
 
 
 
 
 Highest. 
 
 
 
 Year.*. — . A 
 
 Lowest. 
 
 K^r. 
 
 Lowe 
 
 1850 5 3-4^ 5 C 
 
 r873 
 
 3t 
 
 7 I" 2 
 
 5 
 
 3-4 
 
 185 1 
 
 5 i-4 
 
 4 !"4 
 
 1874 
 
 
 6 1-8 
 
 5 
 
 1-4 
 
 1852 
 
 5 3-4 
 
 4 i-4 187s 
 
 
 6 3-4 
 
 4 
 
 3-8 
 
 l8 53 
 
 6 3-8 
 
 6 
 
 1876 
 
 
 4 7-8 
 
 3 
 
 5-8 
 
 l8 S4 
 
 6 1-4 
 
 S i- 2 
 
 1877 
 
 
 5 r-4 
 
 3 
 
 5-8 
 
 1855 
 
 5 J " 2 
 
 4 3-4 
 
 1878 
 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 1-8 
 
 1856 
 
 5 3-4 
 
 5 
 
 1879 
 
 
 4 1-2 
 
 3 
 
 3-16 
 
 l8 57 
 
 6 1-8 
 
 5 7-8 
 
 1 880 
 
 
 5 87-100 
 
 3 
 
 3-4 
 
 1858 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 1S81 
 
 
 4 !"4 
 
 3 
 
 3-4 
 
 l8 59 
 
 5 7-8 
 
 5 !- 2 
 
 1SS2 
 
 
 3 95- IO ° 
 
 3 
 
 5-8 
 
 i860 
 
 5 3-4 
 
 4 7-8 
 
 1883 
 
 
 3 !3- 16 
 
 3 
 
 44-100 
 
 1861 
 
 9 
 
 4 J -4 
 
 1884 
 
 
 3 62-100 
 
 3 
 
 8-100 
 
 1S62 
 
 14 1-2 
 
 7 
 
 1885 
 
 
 3 !"4 
 
 2 
 
 98-100 
 
 iX( M 
 
 19 
 
 10 3-4 
 
 1886 
 
 
 3 r- 2 
 
 3 
 
 1-8 
 
 1864 
 
 38 1-2 
 
 16 1-4 
 
 1887 
 
 
 3 5-8 
 
 3 
 
 1-4 
 
 186^ 
 
 27 1-4 
 
 10 
 
 1888 
 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 1-2 
 
 1866 
 
 19 1-2 
 
 1 1 1-4 
 
 1889 
 
 
 4 1-16 
 
 3 
 
 1-2 
 
 1867 
 
 12 
 
 6 5-8 
 
 1890 
 
 
 3 9"!6 
 
 3 
 
 ■■ 
 
 1868 
 
 9 5-8 
 
 6 1-2 
 
 1891 
 
 
 3 J-i| 
 
 2 
 
 3-4 
 
 1869 
 
 9 1-2 
 
 7 1-8 
 
 1892 
 
 
 4 1-16 
 
 3 
 
 1-16 
 
 1870 
 
 8 1-4 
 
 6 1-2 
 
 1893 
 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 3-4 
 
 1871 
 
 8 
 
 6 1-2 
 
 1894 
 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 5-8 
 
 1872 
 
 9 
 
 7 3-8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^Earliest Cotton Mills in IT. S. 
 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa r 775 
 
 Brid^ewater, Mass., (spinning mill) 1 787 
 
 Beverly, Mass., do I 789 
 
 Slater, Pawtueket, R. I., do 1791 
 
 Bass River, Beverly, Mass., do 1801 
 
 New Ipswich, N. II., do 1804 
 
 Rehoboth, Mass., do J 8o5 
 
 New Ipswich, (No. 2,) do 1807 
 
 Medway, Mass., do 1807 
 
 Fitehbur»-, Mass., do |^ about 
 
 Waltham, Mass., do j 1807-9 
 
 Brunswick, Me., do 1809 
 
 Waltham, first for both spinning and weaving 1814 
 
 Spindles of United States in 1807 — 4,000. 
 
30 
 
 MANUAL OP REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 Schoellkopf Aniline & Chemical Company, 
 
 BUFFALO, N. Y., 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 High=Grade Coal Tar Dyes 
 
 FOR ALL PURPOSES 
 
 5TOCK CARRIED AT THE FOLLOWING PL-ACE5: 
 
 3 Cedar Street, New York. 
 
 103 Milk Street, Boston, Mass. 
 
 50 North Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 13 Mill Street, ' Watertown, N. Y. 
 
 323 Cooper Building, Denver, Colorado. 
 
 SAMPLES MATCHED. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 
 
 Talbot Dyewood and Chemical Company, 
 
 38 to 44 MIDDLE STREET, - - LOWELL, MASS. 
 
 ACIDS, CHEMICALS, DYE WOODS, 
 
 FOR COTTON AND WOOLEN MILLS. 
 
 STANLEY & CO., 
 
 ALL KINDS OF 
 
 COAL * AND * WOOD 
 
 AT LOWEST PRICES. 
 
 223 WOODY ST., - LOWELL, MASS. 
 
 TELEPHONE 37-4. 
 
 Engine and Boiler Repairing. 
 
 Machinery Repairing op any Kind. 
 
 * THOMAS JACKSON,* 
 
 fIDacbinlst. 
 .«. .». 
 
 Manufacturer of Dyeing and Bleaching 
 
 Machinery. 
 
 ■•• ■•■ 
 
 225 DYER STREET, PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 Experienced Men for Hangers, Shafting, &c. 
 
MANOAL OK RKKERKNCK OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 :;i 
 
 STATISTICS OF COTTON MANUFACTURING 
 
 IN THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 According to the United States census of 1S90 from preleminary of census office dated 
 
 October 14, 1892. 
 
 In these tables reference is made only to mills making yarns, threads, woven fabrics, 
 etc., which are classed and sold as specific manufactures of cotton. 
 
 In the wages paid in 1890 are included $3,464,734 as salaries paid to officers and 
 clerks. Similar salaries were not included in the census of 1880. 
 
 
 ». • 
 
 Number 
 
 
 Number 
 
 Number 
 
 Bales of 
 
 Amount paid 
 
 Cost of 
 
 Value 
 
 
 
 of Oper- 
 
 
 Of 
 
 of 
 
 Cotton 
 
 
 Cotton 
 
 of 
 
 
 z^ 
 
 atives. 
 
 
 Spindels. 
 
 Looms. 
 
 Consumed. 
 
 Wages. 
 
 Consumed. 
 
 Production. 
 
 Maine 
 
 23 
 
 13,992 
 
 $20,850,754 
 
 885,762 
 
 21.825 
 
 132,504 
 
 $4,372,472 
 
 $7,053,168 
 
 $15,316,909 
 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 27 
 
 19,533 
 
 26,801,933 
 
 1,095,643 
 
 31,850 
 
 21 [,034 
 
 6,429,084 
 
 11. 20:;, 7 12 
 
 21,9s;,, 002 
 
 
 6 
 
 737 
 
 1,431,986 
 
 71,595 
 
 1 , 1 75 
 
 8,954 
 
 220,712 
 
 198,348 
 
 '.H 1,685 
 
 Massachusetts. . 
 
 187 
 
 76,213 
 
 128,838,837 
 
 5,824,518 
 
 133,227 
 
 772,520 
 
 26,230,667 
 
 40,870,307 
 
 100,202,882 
 
 Rhode Island.. . 
 
 !H 
 
 24,832 
 
 38,798,161 
 
 1,924,486 
 
 43,106 
 
 193,291 
 
 8,131,1 12 
 
 11.1 17,080 
 
 27,310,4 19 
 
 Connecticut .... 
 
 65 
 
 13,411 
 
 26,431,578 
 
 934,155 
 
 18.933 
 
 104,655 
 
 1,52 1, In:! 
 
 5,976,485 
 
 15,409,476 
 
 
 42 
 
 8,401 
 
 1:1,2:10,71:. 
 
 606,796 
 
 13,466 
 
 78,824 
 
 2,563,730 
 
 4,270,665 
 
 9,777,2:i5 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 17 
 
 5,683 
 
 13,519,972 
 
 374,442 
 
 3,673 
 
 25,723 
 
 2,054,282 
 
 1,816,468 
 
 5,902,615 
 
 Pennsylvania. . . 
 
 158 
 
 12,960 
 
 15,884,936 
 
 439,638 
 
 13,374 
 
 92,705 
 
 1,687,088 
 
 4,371,693 
 
 is. 1:; 1,77:1 
 
 Deleware 
 
 7 
 
 lis? 
 
 1,683,803 
 
 53,916 
 
 996 
 
 8,876 
 
 324,328 
 
 475,490 
 
 l.ii:i5,ooi 
 
 Maryland 
 
 15 
 
 4,313 
 
 7,296,793 
 
 158,930 
 
 2,965 
 
 55,02i; 
 
 1,134,4 !5 
 
 2,972,432 
 
 5, 15 7,792 
 
 Virginia 
 
 9 
 
 2,019 
 
 2,966,889 
 
 94,204 
 
 2,:. 17 
 
 22.7:: 1 
 
 406,824 
 
 1, oso, 77:; 
 
 1.7:12, CIS 
 
 North Carolina . 
 
 01 
 
 8,742 
 
 10,7.75,134 
 
 337,2,86 
 
 7.25 1 
 
 114,371 
 
 1,646,196 
 
 5,296,974 
 
 9,563,443 
 
 South Carolina . 
 
 34 
 
 8,192 
 
 11,14 1,833 
 
 332,784 
 
 8,546 
 
 133,342 
 
 1. on;, 571 
 
 6,242,568 
 
 9,800,798 
 
 < reoi'gia 
 
 53 
 
 10,550 
 
 17,664,675 
 
 1 15,452 
 
 10,459 
 
 1 15,859 
 
 2,366,085 
 
 6,663,560 
 
 12,035,629 
 
 Alabama 
 
 13 
 
 2,137 
 
 2,853,015 
 
 79.2:; 1 
 
 1,692 
 
 26,924 
 
 1 17,17:; 
 
 1,. -172,05 s 
 
 2.190,771 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 9 
 
 1,184 
 
 2,053,743 
 
 :.7. (Mil 
 
 1,352 
 
 18,386 
 
 290,98] 
 
 793,600 
 
 1,333,398 
 
 
 5 
 
 83 1 
 
 1,376,132 
 
 L2.942 
 
 677 
 
 11,980 
 
 189,039 
 
 554,206 
 
 1,000,668 
 
 Tennesse 
 
 20 
 
 2,174 
 
 2,928,657 
 
 97. .".2 1 
 
 2,043 
 
 33,114 
 
 195, 138 
 
 1,554,851 
 
 2,50 7,7 I :» 
 
 Tex., La. &Ark. 
 
 5 
 
 1,356 
 
 2,067,225 
 
 66,980 
 
 1,723 
 
 18,131 
 
 328,759 
 
 850,156 
 
 1,348,637 
 
 Ohii 
 
 7 
 6 
 
 584 
 1,325 
 
 1,213,217 
 
 1,711,720 
 
 16,560 
 74,604 
 
 Hi 
 1,649 
 
 11,023 
 16,306 
 
 193,757 
 332,676 
 
 383,556 
 789,178 
 
 1,468,204 
 
 
 1,350,425 
 
 
 4 
 
 154 
 
 766, Hi;. 
 
 21,800 
 
 465 
 
 6,405 
 
 1 10,386 
 
 312,621 
 
 563,988 
 
 
 4 
 
 501 
 
 892,509 
 
 32,592 
 
 870 
 
 6,924 
 
 1 12.170 
 
 359,117 
 
 620,196 
 
 Cal. Mo. & Iowa 
 
 3 
 
 491 
 
 747,191 
 
 18,670 
 
 386 
 
 6,874 
 
 ISO, 150 
 
 374,450 
 
 688,271 
 
 Total, 1890 
 
 901 
 
 221,585 
 
 $354,020,843 
 
 1 1,088,103 
 
 324,866 
 
 2,258,562 
 
 1,570,:; 11 
 
 $39,489,272 
 
 $117,392,576 
 
 $267,981,724 
 
 Total, 1880 
 
 756 
 
 174,659 
 
 $208,280,346 
 
 10,653,435 
 
 225,759 
 
 $42,040,510 
 
 $86,945,725 
 
 $192,090,110 
 
 
 148 
 
 40,92(1 
 
 $145,740,497 
 
 3,434,668 
 
 99.107 
 
 688,218 
 
 $27,4 18,762 
 
 $30,446,851 
 
 $75,891,61 I 
 
32 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 &urIingfo n 
 
 Thomas Devlin. William W. McGrath. Louis J. McGrath. 
 
 NATION/M- 
 
 flardware and Malleable Iroi) Worfe. 
 
 TINNING, 
 JAPANNING, 
 
 tj| GALVANIZING, 
 
 1 PLATING, 
 
 "| FITTING & 
 
 $) MACHINE WORK 
 
 i PROMPTLY 
 
 P DONE. 
 
 u 
 
 ^J 
 
 SADDLERY, 
 CARRIAGE 
 
 WAGON 
 BUILDERS. 
 
 I TRUNK, 
 TINNERS & 
 MISCELLANEOUS 
 HARDWARE. 
 
 THO/*\/\S DEVLIN 6- 60., 
 
 Leliigli Atc, American aM Third Sts.. - PhilaielDhia. Pa,, 
 
 -MANUFACTURERS OF- 
 
 Malleable Iron Fittings for Gas, Steam 
 and Water. Malleable and Soft Grey 
 Iron. Brass and Steel Castings to 
 order from Special Patterns. 
 
 « H. St W. BIRD 5 CO.-K- 
 
 DYE STUFFS. ANILINE DYES. CHEMICALS. 
 
 ANILINE OIL, ANILINE SALT, 
 
 AND 
 
 SPECIALTIES FOR CALICO PRINTERS. 
 
 RftWCTS, JtflCiHtti MlD KH\\i\HE CONORS, 
 
 FOR- 
 
 COTTON * AND * WOOLEN * DYER5- 
 
 SHADES MATCHED. 
 
 CHEMICALS for Glass, Leather, and Straw Trades. 
 
 H7 MILK STREET, BOSTON. ~~- - rf CEDAR STREET, NEW YORK. 
 
MANUAL OK KKKKKKNCE OK TKXT1LK WOKM.ItS. 
 
 33 
 
 LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND. 
 
 Knglish Cotton Weavers' Karnings and Hours of Labor, 
 
 K. J. HOLMKS, 
 
 General Secretary of the North East Lancashire Amalgamated Association of Weavers. 
 
 
 
 i - 
 
 SPEED OF 
 
 EARNINGS FROM 
 
 EARNINGS PER 
 
 TOTAL EARNINGS 
 
 
 NUMBER OF LOOMS EACH 
 
 
 
 EACH LOOM l'K.i; 
 
 
 
 
 CLASS OF GOODS. 
 
 
 a s h 
 
 LOOMS, PICKS 
 
 
 LOOM IN U. s. 
 
 PEB WEEK 
 
 
 WEAVER WORKS. 
 
 P ° £ 
 z - F 
 
 
 W E E K , S 11 I L - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a < 
 
 PEE MINUTE. 
 
 LINGS, PEN( I . 
 
 MONEY PER WEEK 
 
 LOOM 
 
 
 Light Narrow 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Generally 4, sometimes 6, 
 
 .'ill 
 
 200 to 240 
 
 Is 9p to 5s 6p 
 
 $1.14 to $1.32 
 
 $4.56 to $5.28 
 
 
 with a tenter, who is paid 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Is 6p per week. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Indian Shirtings. 
 
 Generally 4, sometimes 6, 
 with a tenter, who is paid 
 Us 6p per week. 
 
 56 
 
 180 to 200 
 
 Is 6p to 5s 
 
 L.08 to 1.20 
 
 4.32 to 
 
 4.80 
 
 
 Four looms. 
 
 56 
 
 180 to 200 
 
 5s in 6 s 
 
 L.20 to 1.44 
 
 4.80 to 
 
 5.76 
 
 Sateens, Drills, 
 
 Four looms, generally con- 
 
 56 
 
 180 to 200 
 
 5s 6p to 7s 6p 
 
 1.32 to 1.80 
 
 5.28 to 
 
 7.20 
 
 Jeans, etc. . . . 
 
 sisting of I sateen and 3 
 plain cloth, sometimes 2 
 of each. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dobbies & Stave 
 
 Four looms, generally 1 
 
 56 
 
 1 80 
 
 5s to 7s 
 
 1.20 to 1.68 
 
 1.80 to 
 
 6.72 
 
 Work 
 
 dobby and 3 plain cloth, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 sometimes 2 of each. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dhooties & Dob- 
 
 Four looms, sometimes 
 
 56 
 
 180 to 200 
 
 5s to 7s 
 
 1.20 to 1.68 
 
 4.. so to 
 
 (1.72 
 
 by Dhooties. . 
 
 with a tenter who is paid 
 .'is 3p per week. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Better Class of 
 
 Four looms, generally 
 
 56 
 
 175 to 195 
 
 5s to 6s 
 
 1.20 to 1.44 
 
 4. so in 
 
 5.76 
 
 Shirtings .... 
 
 with a tenter who receives 
 :'.s 3p per week. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Colored Goods, 
 
 Four looms. 
 
 56 
 
 about 20U 
 
 5s to 6s 
 
 1.20 to 1.44 
 
 1.80 t.i 
 
 5.76 
 
 stripes or plain 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Colored Goods, 
 
 Four looms, generally 2 
 
 56 
 
 160 to 180 
 
 as 6p to 7s 6p 
 
 1.32 to 1.80 
 
 5.28 to 
 
 7.20 
 
 checks 
 
 plain and 2 check. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 THE 
 
 ROESSLER k HASSLAGHER CHEMICAL CO, 
 
 MANUFACTURING AND IMPORTING CHEMISTS, 
 Office: 73 PINE STREET, NEW YORK. Factory: PERTH AMBOY, N. J. 
 
 Aniline Oils, Aniline Salt, Yellow and Red Prussiate of 
 Potash, Oxalic Acid, Phosphate of Soda, 'Hyposulphite 
 of Soda, Acetanilid, Chrome Alum, Permanganate of 
 Potash, Sulphocyanide of Barium, Etc. 
 
 Sole Agents for the 17) T7 "D /^\ ^Sf \f /^ ~E* T\T (^ A neTP economical 
 
 United States and Canada of 1 HI\UA 1 Kjl JZ^ IN O and simple 
 
 (PATENTED.) 
 
 Bleaching Agent for Wool, Cotton, Silks, Straw, Feathers, Etc. 
 
 FLEISCHMANN'S 
 
 VEGETABLE y E A C T 
 COMPRESSED I C A 3 1 
 
 HAS NO EQUAL 
 
MVNTAI. ill'' liKFKIIKM'K ( i l< TKXT1I.I-: Hnl;|,H;>. 
 
 35 
 
 WOOLEN CARDS AND WORSTED 
 COMBS. 
 
 A SLIGHT GAIN IN COMBS AND FALLING 
 OFF IN CARDS IN THE PAST TWO YEARS. 
 
 Dockham's Textile Report and Directory, 
 for 1895, gives an approximate number of 
 the wool cards and worsted combs in the 
 United States, which we give in the follow- 
 ing table. It will be seen that there has 
 been a slight falling off in the number of 
 woolen cards run (21), and an increase of 
 51 worsted combs. 
 
 Location. 1892. 1894. 
 
 Alabama 3 3 
 
 Arkansas 5 6 
 
 California 40 38 
 
 Colorado 2 2 
 
 Connecticut 648 fi42 
 
 Dakota 
 
 Delaware 13 13 
 
 Florida .... 
 
 Georgia 19 17 
 
 Idaho 1 
 
 Illinois 78 811 
 
 Indiana 142 125 
 
 Iowa 45 39 
 
 Kansas 2 2 
 
 Kentucky 69 72 
 
 Louisiana .... .... 
 
 Maine 395 400 
 
 Maryland 30 41 
 
 Massachusetts 1,827 1,811 
 
 Michigan 55 68 
 
 Minnesota 29 34 
 
 Mississippi 29 29 
 
 Missouri 32 38 
 
 Montana .... 
 
 Nebraska 1 
 
 New Hampshire 487 488 
 
 NewJersey 266 229 
 
 New York 1,461 1,474 
 
 North Carolina 17 17 
 
 Ohio 122 129 
 
 Oregon 24 26 
 
 Pennsylvania 1,307 1,313 
 
 Rhode Island 544 522 
 
 South Carolina 1 1 
 
 South Dakota 3 3 
 
 Tennessee 67 69 
 
 Texas 9 6 
 
 Utah 25 23 
 
 Vermont 165 164 
 
 Virginia 69 69 
 
 Washington 2 2 
 
 West Virginia 29 31 
 
 Winconsin 73 83 17 18 
 
 Wyoming Territory 
 
 Totals 8,132 8,111 1,097 1,148 
 
 NUMBER OF COTTON SPINDLES 
 IN THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 AN INCREASE OF 340,319 SPINDLES IN 
 TWO YEARS. 
 
 Dockham's Textile Report and Directory 
 has compiled for its 1895 edition statistics 
 regarding the number of spindles now run- 
 ning in the United States, as reported by 
 the various mills, which we print below. 
 
 Location 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 Cait'ornia 
 
 Colorado 
 
 Connecticut. 
 
 Dakota 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Florida 
 
 Georgia 
 
 1892. 
 
 138,471 
 
 8,900 
 10.000 
 15,648 
 
 1,11211,0711 
 
 1894. 
 
 170,159 
 
 9,148 
 
 10,000 
 
 15,648 
 
 1,033,935 
 
 51,711 52,052 
 
 550,510 48,! 
 
 Idaho 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 Maine 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Massachusetts 6 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 M issouri 
 
 Montana 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Mew Hampshire 1 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 New York 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Oregon 
 
 Pennsylvania 389,985 401,841 11,856 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 South Carolina 508,404 626,883 us, 179 
 
 South Dakota 
 
 Tennessee 117,841 121,984 4,143 
 
 Texas 71,234 66,774 
 
 Utah 432 432 
 
 Vermont 811,271 102,303 22,032 
 
 Virginia 111,756 139,356 27,600 
 
 Washington 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 Wisconsin 33,248 33.248 
 
 Wyoming Territory .... .... 
 
 Totals 16,286,099 17,126,418 858,169 17,850 
 
 49,143 
 53,0110 
 923,541 
 173,900 
 817,711 
 
 15,360 
 288,351 
 139 "22 
 
 622,399 
 
 510,190 
 27,052 
 
 389,985 
 
 086,1187 
 508,404 
 
 50,043 
 58,860 
 931,116 
 
 174.710 
 
 7,160,180 
 
 15,360 
 
 1,296,61 6 
 139 328 
 
 7.6 859 
 
36 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 Grew Levigk @o., 
 
 -MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Spindle, Loom, 
 
 AND 
 
 Wool Oils. 
 
 Main Office: 113 Arch St., Philadelphia. 
 
 Refineries : Warren and South Chester, Pa. 
 
 SPECIALTY : 
 
 "GLADE" Velocity Cotton Spindle Oil. 
 
 MORO PHILLIPS ^ 
 k CHEMICAL CO., 
 
 131 SO. THIRD STREET, 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 AMERICAN PHOSPHOROUS, 
 ACIDS, CHEMICALS, 
 
 GLAUBER SALTS. 
 
 Showing Castings Produced by our Process, 
 
 The Champion Sewing Machine Co. 
 
 BUILDERS OP 
 
 Rib Knitting Machines 
 
 For Underwear and Hosiery. 
 
 Single and Double Thread Sewing 
 and Trimming Machines. 
 
 New Style, Link Motion, Plain and Shell 
 Crochet Machines. 
 
 1824-26-28-30 Manor St., Philadelphia. 
 
 ^"Estimates furnished for entire plants for Un- 
 derwear or Hosiery. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 37 
 
 COTTON MANUFACTURING IN NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Interesting Facts From the Report of the Commis- 
 sioner of Labor. 
 
 The following interesting facts concerning cotton manufacturing in North Carolina are digested from 
 the advance sheets of the annual reporl of Commissioner of Labor Statistics Lacy, now being printed. 
 
 The total number of cotton mills in operation in North Carolina at the beginning of the presenl year 
 
 was L67 ; total number of woolen mills, 9 — there being one other not al present in operation. Total i iber 
 
 of spindles operated by the cotton and woolen nulls, 703,997; total number of looms, 15,059. Only 60 per 
 cent, of the mills reported the number of women and children operatives employed by them; in this 60 per 
 there are employed 6329 women and 2339 children under the age of fourteen years. Of the latter 1000 
 are girls and 1339 are boys. 
 
 ■ The mills are located in twenty-nine different ( nties. The number of days during the year 1894 
 
 in which they were operated varied from 100 to 310. The average of 260 days work in twelve counties was 
 eleven hours, in eleven counties it, was ten hours, in four counties twelve hours, in one county 11 1-2 hours. 
 In nineteen counties a ten hour system is favored, while in the other ten it is opposed. In twelve counties 
 the mill people, owners ami operatives, think that the matter should lie regulated by law. 
 
 A special inquiry was made to ascertain the views of the mill people regarding the minimum a"e at 
 which children should lie employed in mills. The majority of answers from nine counties favored fifteen 
 years, in eleven counties fourteen year-, while many of the answers favored twelve years. A majority of 
 the replies favored regulating the hours for children by law. 
 
 In three counties employment of operatives is not regular; in all others it is. The dwelling houses 
 used by operatives are generally owned by the owners of the mills. There is considerable difference among 
 mill owners and mill superintendents as to the number of hours which should constitute a day's work in the 
 south, many of them claiming that it is necessary to work eleven and twelve hours with southern labor in 
 order to successfully compete with northern manufacturers. 
 
 The daily wages ranee for skilled men operatives Horn 70 cents up. Unskilled men from tilt cents 
 to SI. 00. Average 7."> cents. 
 
 Skilled women operatives from 40 to 90 cents. Average 60 cents. Unskilled women 30 to 60 cents. 
 Average 45 cents. Children under 11 years 1 ."i to lo cents. Average 30 cents. 
 
 The wages of operatives are all paid in cash in all of the 1(17 mills save nineteen ; two pay only 5 per 
 cent, in cash, and one pays entirely in "checks" — that is, orders on stores, generally owued by mill owners. 
 
 COTTON MANUFACTURING IN JAPAN. 
 
 Fifteen years ago Japan had but one cotton mill. Since the year 1S7!) nearly forty mills have been 
 constructed and most of them are fitted with the latest and best machinery, electric light, etc., and are run- 
 ning day and night. Native labor costs 1 (i 1-2 cents for males and eight cents for females. In 1886 
 Japan imported 4,000,000 pounds of raw cotton, and 105,000,000 pounds in 1893. Yarns form the main 
 article of manufacture. These are sold principally in China. Mills are now being constructed for the 
 manufacturer of all kinds of cotton fabrics. 
 
38 
 
 MAM Al. til' REFERENCE Ob' TEXTILE WORKERS 
 
 ja-SCOTT 5t WILLIHMS'-S- 
 
 Automatic Seamless Hosiery Machine. 
 
 [See Next Page.) 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OB TEXTILE WORKERS 
 
 39 
 
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 °2.>o rt 
 
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 n c t 
 
 p m Ul 
 
 < a. 
 
 o <" 3 " 
 
 rrt rt ^ 
 
 2 P 3 33- 
 
 = ft ft 
 
 3T 3T Cu 
 
 3- H 
 
 
 !± 1 c 
 
 rt „: -- 
 
 P 3-1 
 
 -' 
 
 rr 
 
 
 
 rt 
 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 
 
 "J 
 
 
 3 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 '< 
 
 
 a 
 
 < 
 3T 
 
 rt 
 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 rt 
 
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 V. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ~r 
 
 ^ i 
 
 p 
 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 1 
 
 o o rti. 
 —, -, _ 
 
 rt rt 3u 
 
 3rt " 
 .. s* - 
 
 rt C rt 
 oq 33 TJ 
 
 P ^ 
 
 |r>< 
 rt p 
 
 3' C. 
 
 » J r, 3 
 
 
 o^_3'jO- J rt_rt'rt 
 ^3rt-0 3_^p3 
 
 O 3 
 
 St p 
 
 3- " rt 
 
 3" 03 rt 33 2. 04 
 
 r j — 
 
 7: n r - 
 
 =/ St o 
 
 5j ft o 
 
 33> £-0q w 
 
 3 < oq rt 
 , s P rt 3 
 
 O 
 
 -1 3 
 
 rt 04 
 
 a. fl *S 
 
 5 3-;* 
 
 rt, P S.*0 
 
 CV 7T — rt 
 
 C rt ~ 1 
 
 n ^>rt2 g- 
 
 3 < « >< 
 
 ft. c ft ft 
 
 3. O rt rt 
 
 3 N rt 
 
 rt ^ rtp) 
 
 P O 
 
 3 < % 
 
 5 ft. < 
 
 v; rt 
 
 330 O rtj 
 
 3T Oq 3. 
 
 ^ P 
 
40 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 •BRMNSON MACHINE CO.,« 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF THE IMPROVED "BRANSON" 
 
 KNITTING MACHINES AND 
 AUTOMATIC RIBBERS, SING lb OR doubib F be D , 
 
 Special Machinery to Order. 
 
 •• 
 
 James L, Branson, Pres. 
 
 Edwin R. Branson, Sec, and Treas. 
 
 506 ST. JOHN STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 * GEO. J. BURKh^RbTS^ONS~* 
 
 283i-283g No. Broad St., Philadelphia. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS' AND LIYIORS' 
 
 WATER TANKS, DYE TUBS, 
 
 HOT and COLD BLUE VATS, 
 
 Wash Boxes, Boiling Kiers, &c, &c. 
 
 SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 
 
 Mill * Supplies, 
 
 Extra 5hort=Lap 
 Oak and Giant Raw= 
 Hide Belting. 
 
 Lace Leather, Wood Pulleys, Shuttles, 
 
 Importer of English Picker and Apron Leather. 
 
 INSINGER & CO, 
 
 Loom and Jacquard ^j^ 
 Manufacturers, ^F 
 
 160 WEST LEHIGH AVENUE, 
 
 PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Looms and Jacquard Machines for Tape, Binding, Ribbon, 
 Goring, Suspender, Fringe, etc. 
 
 Jacquard Machines for Shafts and Harness Looms. 
 
 Our new double-acting side Jacquard is specially adapted 
 for fast running Looms. 
 
 Patented change motions for 2, 3, 4 or 6 banks of shuttles 
 and positive in its action at any speed. 
 
 Lathes or battons, straight or circular shuttles, 2, 3 or 4 
 banks. 
 
 Patent Quill Winders for shuttle quills. 
 
 At the old Stand, 10 to 30 East Canal St., 
 
 (-Near 1033 N. Front Street,) PHILADELPHIA . 
 
MANUAL OK REFERENCE <>F TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 II 
 
 MATTHEW HART, 
 
 New Bedford, Mass., 
 
 Gen. Vice-President National Union ok 
 
 Textile Workers of America, 
 
 and 
 
 Secretary of Weavers Union No. 7 of 
 
 New Bedford, Mass. 
 
 TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN NEW BEDFORD, 
 
 MASS. 
 
 COTTON SPINDLES. LOOMS. EMPLOYES 
 
 1,082,300. 17,000. 10,225. 
 
42 
 
 MANUAL OP REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 A. • KLIRSTEIN • & • CO., 
 
 122 PEHRL ST., NEW YORK. 
 
 CHEMICALS AND DYESTUFFS. 
 
 SOLE AGENTS FOR 
 
 ANILINE + COLORS 
 
 A\*de by tfee Society of (ben?ial Mustry, B&sle, Switzerland. 
 
 BRANCHES: 
 
 120 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. 283 and 285 Congress St., Boston, Mass. 
 
 124 Michigan St., Chicago, 111. Hamilton, Ont. 
 
MAM'.M- ">K HKKKHKNt'K OK TEXTILE WOUKEBS. 
 
 43 
 
 THE COTTON INDUSTRY IN ENGLAND AND ASIA. 
 
 The Textile Mercury of Manchester, England, prints the following communication from a Liverpool 
 firm engaged in the cotton trade from which we take the following extracts: 
 
 "In Japan the male operatives only receive about 17 sen, or 8 1-2(1. per day, and females 9 sen, or 
 4 l-2d per day at the outside (a sen being equal to one half-penny of our money when the Japanese dollar is 
 worth 4s. 2d., but at present is worth considerable less than Is. 2d., so that the sen is now worth much less 
 than the half penny) . Mechanics (for good men) receive only 10s. per week, engineers lQs. to 12., dril- 
 lers 8s., fire beaters Gs. 
 
 "In India in 1879 there were only 56 mills, and in L894 there were 1 12 cotton mills, some of them 
 spinning line counts from Egyptian cotton. In Japan in 1887 there were only 1!) mills, but in 1894 there 
 were 43 cotton mills, some of which are also spinning line counts from Egyptian cotton. 
 
 China in time will be a large producer of yarn, for in that country they have commenced building 
 cotton mills, and last year (1894) there were no less than seven mills being equipped there. In other 
 countries large cotton mills are being built equal to the best in Oldham. The spindles in Great Britain today 
 are estimated to be 45,270,000, being the same total as on September 30, 1893. The continent has seen an 
 increase on the year of COD, DIM), the total standing at 27,350,000; the United States an increase of 200,000, 
 with a total of 15,841,000 ; and India an increase of 74,000, with a total of 3,650,000 spindles. Below will 
 be found the population and the number of spindles in the different countries ; also the hours worked and 
 wages earned per week. 
 
 Country. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Popula- 
 tion. 
 
 Spindles. 
 
 Hours of 
 
 Labor 
 per week. 
 
 Mule Spinners' 
 ,\Vages per week. 
 
 Ring Spinners. 
 
 Piecers. 
 
 Weavers. 
 
 Great Britain... 
 Switzerland 
 
 1891-3 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-2 
 
 1891-3 
 
 1893 
 
 1893 
 
 1893 
 
 38,200,000 
 
 50,320,H00 
 
 3,000,000 
 
 100,430,0(111 
 
 39,000,000 
 
 6,2iill,(»NI 
 
 4,652,(1110 
 
 31,9(10,01)0 
 
 18,ll)ii,0ii0 
 
 42,000,000 
 
 68,000,1 Oil 
 
 294,ll(lli,il()0 
 
 42,01 1(1,(111(1 
 
 396,000,000 
 
 45,270,000 
 6,1(71,000 
 1,722,000 
 6,01(0,0(10 
 5,040,000 
 
 930,1 
 
 260,000 
 1,686,000 
 2,050,000 
 2,40(1,(1110 
 
 15,811,0(1(1 
 
 3,650, 
 
 33,on0 
 
 56 1-2 
 60 to 70 
 
 66 
 70 to 84 
 66 to 70 
 66 to 72 
 58 to 66 
 66 to 84 j 
 66 to 80 
 72 to 80 ! 
 58 to 66 
 72 to 80 
 69 to 70 
 
 36s. to 50s. 
 18s. to 24s. 
 
 17s. 
 10s. to 18s. 
 16s. to 24s. 
 12 s. to 20s. 
 15s. to 26s. 
 Ids. to 16s. men. 
 4s. 6d.to 6s.6d.wo'en 
 
 lis. to 18s. 
 
 9s 6d. to 13s. men. 
 
 6s. 6d. to His. women 
 
 35s. to 46s. 
 
 6s. 3d. to 7s. Kid. 
 
 Is. 1(1 l-2d. to 3s. 
 
 12s. to 15s. 
 
 12s. to 22s. 
 
 15s. to 27s. 
 
 
 
 
 
 6s. to 8s. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Holland 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Italy 
 
 
 
 4s. 6d. to 5s.9d.wo'en 
 
 Soain 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6s. Rd. to los. women 
 
 U. S. America... 
 
 10s. to 21s. 
 
 
 Is. 10 1-2d.to2s.6d 
 
 
 
 Is. 3d. to Is 9d. 
 
 
 i ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "Cotton spinning is quite anew industry in China, lint there this year no less than seven cotton spin- 
 ning mills being equipped there. If we take the ten years, 1885 to 1894, the relative increase works out to 
 5.28 per cent, for Great Britain, 20.22 per cent, for the continent, 19.55 per cent, for the United States, and 
 70.16 percent, for India. These figures alone should be suflicient to prove to everybody how amazingly 
 fast foreign countries are extending and building cotton spinning mills, etc., thereby, as it were, taking the 
 bread out of our months. 
 
 "The more foreign countries manufacture for themselves the less there will be for ns in this country 
 [continued ox page forty-five.] 
 
-11 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 FIRTH 5 FOSTER BROS.. 
 
 DYERS * AND * FINISHERS 
 
 PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 iflZORKS: THYLOR, HDHMS HND EMERHLD STREETS. 
 
 Philadelphia Office : 
 134 Chestnut Street. 
 
 AMERICANCAP, TUBE 
 
 AND SPINDLE WORKS. 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1 874. 
 
 JOHN HENRY GEISSER, 
 
 N. E. Cor. Second and Diamond Sts., - Philadelphia. 
 
 GENTLEMEN: 
 
 Having established myself at the above location, I 
 am now prepared, with enlarged facilities, to execute 
 your commands with despatch, and shall be pleased to 
 furnish lowest estimate on 
 
 Caps, Tubes, and all kinds of Spindles, 
 Model Making, Etc. 
 
 Special attention given to repairing Steam Engines, 
 Silk, Woolen, Cotton, and all other kinds of Machinery, 
 Tapes, Tubes, Castings, Pulleys, &c. at the shortest no- 
 tice. 
 
 With thanks for your esteemed favors in the past, I 
 remain, 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 JOHN HENRY GEISSER. 
 
 New York Office. 
 351 Canal Street. 
 
 'AMERICAN ANILINE COLORS." 
 
 The Largest Manufacturers in America 
 
 REPRESENTED BY 
 
 W. W. HHNNM. 
 
 FAST COLORS . . . 
 
 FOE 
 
 Wool, Cotton, Silk, Leather and Paint. 
 
 Alizarine and Extract Indigo. 
 
 50 & 51 North Front St., 
 
 PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 Telephone No. 523. 
 
MAM'AL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 45 
 
 THE COTTON INDUSTRY. 
 
 [continued from PAGE FORTT-THREE.] 
 
 to do. When the American home trade is depressed the exports of cotton goods from the United States 
 usually increase. We find accordingly, from the official statistics just received, that in the nine months 
 ended September 30 the total exports amounted to 147,348,620 yards, as against 111.17) ,875 yards in the 
 corresponding period of 1898, the increase being 32,873,745 yards, or al the rate of 28.5 per cent. 
 
 ""With regard to the depressed state of the cotton bade of this country it should be noted that, taking 
 '.•-! companies witha total capital (consisting of shares, loans, and mortgages) amounting to £7,156,521, the 
 total market value of those 94 companies according to the share list, is only £2,000,000. This is an indica- 
 tion of the very regrettable results as regards working of concerns which may be looked upon as beino the 
 best, not only in this country, but in any other country. Ami of those HI companies 67 have had losses in 
 the way of adverse balances amounting to £380,000, and 60 of them have paid no dividend this year. 
 
 "No more new mills should be built in this country for some years to conic, lull the existing mill 
 should, when necessary, be worked night and day, with two sets of hands. The operatives were never so 
 well paid or so well oft' as they are at the present time, their wages have been increased very considerably 
 during the last twenty years, while bread, meat, clothing, and house rents, as well as everything they require, 
 were never so cheap as now. The price of labor is about the only thing that has not declined, or been af- 
 fected by the decline in silver, although a sovereign will now purchase about twice as much as the same 
 amount would have done 20 years ago. If we are to compete successfully with all foreign countries our 
 workpeople will undoubtedly have to work considerably longer hours, and lie content with at least 25 per 
 cent, less wages. 
 
 THE RISE AND FALL OF THE PRICE LIST OF WAGES OF THE BLACKBURN 
 (ENGLAND) OPERATIVES. 
 
 1853. August 17. List compiled and adopted. 
 
 1853. August 19. Advance of 10 percent, on list. 
 
 1854. May 19. Reduced to list. 
 
 18G0. March 10. Advance of ."> per cent, on list. 
 
 1861. February 7. Reduced to list. 
 
 1867. April 15. List revised. 
 
 1869. May 6. Reduced 5 per cent, on list. 
 
 1 s 7 u . .Inly 28. Standard list restored. 
 
 1878. April 3. Notice of reduction of 10 per cent. 
 
 1878. April 17 and IS. Strike of operatives against, the reduction. 
 
 1878. June 19 and 20. Strike ended ; reduction accepted. 
 
 1879. April 2. Reduced ."> per cent. more. 
 1881. January 1, Advance of 5 per cent. 
 
 1883. Dee. 13. Reduction of 5 per cent., making 15 per cent, below list ; 45,000 looms stopped by strike. 
 
 1884. February 14. Majority returned to work under promise of a future restoration made to Gen. Com. 
 1884. July 2. Advance of 5 per cent, as per agreement. 
 
 1892. June 24. Advance of 10 per cent. ; old list adopied. 
 
46 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 R. GREENWOOD. 
 
 WILLIAM BAULT. 
 
 JOHN T. GREENWOOD. 
 
 R. GREENWOOD & BAULT, 
 
 •*.;vi". .'.••. 
 
 ■•■■•'•;:.'* .'•..■•":?• ;;*.;.• 
 
 GLOBE DYE AND BLEACH WORKS, 
 
 • •;•• .•:•■» .•;•> ••^•'» 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PH. 
 
 OFFICE: 
 
 WORKS: 
 
 Cor. Chestnut and 2nd Sts., Phila. 
 
 Oxford and Worth Sts., Frankford. 
 
 GEO. C. HOWARD 
 
 im Barker St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 ESTABLISHED IN 1845. 
 
 Cotton and Wool Finishing for Fulling, 
 Napping, Brushing, Shearing, Steaming, 
 Lapping, Rolling and Measuring. 
 
 Repairs to all makes of Machines. Shear 
 grinding and repairing. 
 
 Shafting, Pulleys, Gearing. 
 
 Presses, Eccentric Lever Hydraulic Screw 
 Hand or Power Card Grinding Machines. 
 
 Plat and Bonnet Forming Presses. 
 
 Hoisting Machinery, Automatic Hatch 
 Doors and Gates. 
 
 We also give attention to Perfecting Inventions and 
 Roving Processes. 
 
 * 
 
 M. D. ATKINSON, 
 
 STGHM 
 
 Josephine, above Church Street. 
 
 FRANKFORD, PHILA. 
 
 Re-Sawing an<I Planing «lon« at snort notic?. 
 
 m^ 
 
MANl'W. OF Itl'l- '.r.UKNl'K »K TKXTII.E WclKRHIv 
 
 17 
 
 RICHARD McGUY, 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Member of General Executive Council of the 
 
 National Union of Textile Workers 
 
 of America, 
 
 and 
 
 Secterary-Treasurer of the District Council 
 
 of Rhode Island. 
 
48 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 The Worcester 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1860. 
 
 INCORPORATED 1891. 
 
 Bleach *H Dye Works Co. 
 
 BLEACHER? an<l DYERS M Sotton Yarn? in Fast Colors 
 
 OP (M ON BEAA\S AND SP°°L-5 
 
 COTTON YARNS €r WARPS, f| FOR WOOLE/H & WOR5TED (j 
 
 BRAIDS^THR^DS^ TAPES,^^ J 
 
 A SUBSTITUTE FOR ACID IN 
 
 REHOVING BURRS FROM WOOL. 
 
 CHRBONIZER. 
 
 Alum of all grades. Oil, Vitriol, Muriatic and Nitric Acids, Glauber Salts, 
 Tin Crystals, Muriatic of Tin and Antimony, Etc. 
 
 /^arjufacturesl and For Sale by tr>e 
 
 MERRIMAC CHEMICAL CO. 
 
 13 REARL STREET, BOSTON. 
 
 EPWORKS AT SOUTH WILMINGTON, MASS., SO. D1V. B. X M. R. R. 
 
 THOMAS * STEWART 
 
 — MANUFACTURER OF — 
 
 LOOA\ REEDS 
 
 -AND DEALER IN — 
 
 CflRpET and COTTON MILL 5UPPUE5. 
 
 Nn. 312 MbsIet St., PhiMElphia. 
 
 (SECOND AND THIRD FLOORS.) 
 
 S^-PARTICULAR ATTENTION PAID TO ALL 
 
 191 and 193 Berks St., Philadelphia. 
 
MVM'W nl Kill IMA' V OV TEXTI I.K WORKERS 
 
 III 
 
 NUMBER OF SHLLP IN U. S. 
 
 FINAL RETURNS BY STATES FOR JANUARY 1, 18 9 5. 
 
 W \miin..i..n. Id i'.. 12, L895. 
 
 Tin- full official figures nl' the number of sheep in the United States on Jan 1. 1895, and the wool clip for 
 1894, have finally been compiled by Mr. Robinson, the statistician of the department of agriculture, ami his con- 
 scientious assistant. .Mr. Phillips. An efforl was made this yeai to obtain the figures earlier than ever before, but 
 some discrepancies were discovered in the firsl returns which required much correspondence by mail and telegraph 
 to secure absolutely correct and indisputable figures. The figures which are furnished by the department of 
 agriculture are obtained from stale agents scattered over the country, and also from special agents of the depart- 
 ment, who use every means in their power to verity the returns which are furnished by farmers, state officials and 
 statisticians. 
 
 The estimated wool clip for L894 is 298,057,384 pounds as againsl 303,000,000 pounds in 1893. The 
 
 average weight of the fleece, however, continues to increase from year to year, and stands for l-SHI at 5.42 pounds 
 as against 5.33 pounds in L893. The number of sheep has also fallen oft' during 1894, and is now reported at 
 12,294,064 as against ko,048,017 Jan. 1, 1894. The average price shows the effect of the general price d 
 
 si, m of tin- past year, and falls from $1.98 to $1.5H, pulling down the aggregate value of the sheep in the United 
 
 States from $89,186,110 to $66,685,767. 
 
 New England seems to he among the losers iii number of sheep as well as in average value, hut New York 
 and Pennsylvania also show large losses ami Texas and Ohio smaller ones iii proportion to their total sheep hold- 
 ings. The western ranges, contrary to lirst reports, show increases in- several cas,-s in the number of sheep over 
 the figuresof a year ago. The following tables gives by states the number of sheep, the average price and the 
 value on Jan. L, 1894 and .Ian. 1, 1893. 
 
 and Territories. 
 
 Maine 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 New York 
 
 ey 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 
 
 Maryland 
 
 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 
 
 Florida 
 
 A la l>a ma 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 Texas 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Ohio....' 
 
 Michigan 
 
 I 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Kansas 
 
 i 
 
 South Dakota 
 
 North Dakota 
 
 Montana 
 
 rig Territory 
 
 t loiorado 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 Arizona .. 
 
 Utah 
 
 Nevada 
 
 Idaho 
 
 Washington 
 
 Oregon 
 
 ( 'alifornia 
 
 Oklahoma 
 
 rice. Value. 
 
 si 93 
 I '.IT 
 
 1 60 363,464 
 3 43 . 169,137 
 
 2 79 31,468 
 :i 2a 12::, 2 13 
 
 2 27 
 
 3 11 172,849 
 
 1 95 
 
 2 lil 
 
 2 62 361,519 
 
 2 17 974,027 
 1 34 
 
 1 61 [28 86 ; 
 
 1 33 537,530 
 
 172,857 
 
 1 la 
 
 1 21 484.331 
 
 1 37 244,112 
 
 1 21 4,541,812 
 
 1 36 
 
 i 
 
 1 79 1,137,731 
 
 l 89 
 
 1 72 6,139.924 
 
 1 SS 3,697,091 
 
 1 89 1,581,454 
 
 2 04 1,747,835 
 I 65 1,474,414 
 
 1 79 876,241 
 
 2 06 
 
 1 63 1 101 
 1 67 
 
 1 85 339,783 
 l 6 i 
 
 1 68 616,701 
 
 I 61 4,227,400 
 
 1 64 2,01 1,107 
 
 1 62 1,984,058 
 
 90 2,692,898 
 
 1 21 ,081 
 
 1 47 2,998,885 
 
 2 42 1,316,667 
 1 41 1,299 770 
 1 71 l,3n4.360 
 1 16 2,945,905 
 
 1 65 
 
 2 80 63,760 
 
 H 58 $66,685,767 
 
 1893. 
 
 Pi rritories. 
 
 
 
 .Mew Hampshire 
 
 ' 
 
 MCassai husetts 
 
 land 
 
 I lont t ient 
 
 ■h 
 
 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 
 
 nl 
 
 
 
 
 
 Soul li I '.in Una 
 
 
 
 Florida 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 a 
 
 Texas.. 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 Wesl Virginia 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 s h i lakota 
 
 North Dakota 
 
 Montana 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Colorado 
 
 sico 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Utah 
 
 Nevada 
 
 Idaho 
 
 Washington 
 
 
 
 t taifornia 
 
 Oklahoma 
 
 Totals 
 
 115,471 
 280,170 
 51,441 
 11,279 
 
 39,9311 
 
 l,388,n51 
 
 57,571 
 
 12,873 
 1 15,446 
 188.432 
 376,309 
 
 78,384 
 411,169 
 
 184,273 
 3,814,405 
 
 ,iiy,77n 
 
 1,082,976 
 
 775.222 
 1,000,953 
 323,392 
 277,' 52 
 336,960 
 
 1,198,567 
 
 691,246 
 
 544.077 
 779,547 
 
 8,918,157 
 
 18.222 
 
 45,048,017 
 
 3 46 
 2 85 
 
 4 08 
 
 1 79 
 
 1 22 
 1 42 
 1 52 
 1 13 
 1 34 
 1 81 
 
 235,177 
 1,530 700 
 
 147,843 
 1,247.651 
 
 646,687 
 
 421,057 
 588,435 
 
 613,014 
 754,073 
 
 2. 196,22 • 
 
 1,209,681 
 3,098.480 
 1,161,162 
 
 1.75:^ ' 
 
 ' n; 
 
 a io 
 
 si 98 
 
 4.133,103 
 
 7. or. 625 
 
 38,256 
 
50 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 The Philadelphia Bobbir) ai)d Shuttle Co. 
 
 JAHES H. BILLINGTON & CO., Prop. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 B0BB\NS, SPOOUS, SHVimtS, ETC. 
 
 Jf FOR THE 
 
 Cotton, Woolen, Silk, Worsted ajjd Urpet Trades. 
 
 \_ ': 
 
 1 13 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 SS^CORRESPONDENCE S«>L.ICTED.^©3 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1835. 
 
 JOHN M. SHARPLESS & CO., 
 
 RIVERSIDE DYEW00D MILLS AND EXTRACT WORKS. 
 
 Manufacturers of Solid and Paste 
 
 Extracts * of * Dyewoods, 
 
 CUT AND BOLTED, COARSE OR FINE 
 
 ■ft DYEWOODS. * 
 
 Importers of Indigo, Cochineals, Cutch, Tumeric, Szgo Flour, Gambler, Fuller's 
 
 Farth, Soda Ash, Sal Soda, Bleaching Powders, Oxalic Acid, 
 
 Bichromate Potash, Ftc, Ftc. 
 
 Office: 22 ]Wh Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
MAMAL ill-' III-. I- 'KIIKM'E (IF TKXTILK WORKERS. 
 
 51 
 
 STATISTICS OF COTTON MANUFACTURING IN AUSTRIA FOR 1885 AND 1890. 
 
 The movements of the Austrian Cotton manufacture during recent years are clearly shown in the official stat- 
 istics just published by the statistical department of the Austrian ministry of trade. They give the figures for two 
 years, 1885 and 1890, as follows: 
 
 In 1885 there were 135 cotton-spinning establishments, with 25,000 hands, (10,555 male, 11,846 females, and 2699 
 children), 2,011,938 spinning spindles, and 73,640 twisting spindles. In 1890 there were 153 establishments, with 32,- 
 183 e n )loye5,(17,073 mile, 15,742 fen lies), with 375$ roving fram.33, 7173 cu\linr ea lines, 2,337,033 spinning spindles, 
 and 85,078 twisting spindles. 
 
 In 1885 there were 57 cotton-waste spinning establishments, with 2015 hands (892 male, 778 females, and 347 
 children ), 86 motors, and 1594 horse power. In 1890 there were only 35 establishments, with 1380 hands, (758 males, 622 
 females ), 319 roving frames, 138 carding engines, and 67,512 spindles. 
 
 In the year 1885 there were 180 cotton power loom weaving and 261 hand weaving establishments, with 68,571 
 hands (32,546 male, 30,830 females, and 5195 children) and 35,590 hand looms, of which 33,809 were simple, 1781 jac- 
 quards, and 37,504 power looms. In 1890 the figures for power looms were: 194 establishments with 48,334 hands 
 21,017 male, 27,367 female), and 5192 hand looms, of which 5024 were simple, and 160 jacquards, and 49,033 power 
 looms of which 45,588 were simple, and 3465 jacquards. For the hand weaving the figures were as follows: There 
 were 339 establishments, with 28,136 hands, (23,246 male, 5073 females), and 21,492 looms, of which 20,609 were sim- 
 ple and 883 were jacquards. 
 
 In 1885 there were 49 calico printing establishments, with 6106 hands, (3971 male, 1871 female, and 284 children i, 
 180 printing machines, and 759 printing tables. In 1890 there were only 41 establishments, with 7180 hands (5224 
 male, 1956 female), 172 printing machines, 398 printing tables, and 82 steam apparatus. 
 
 THE WORLD'S PRODUCTION OF WOOL. 
 
 ( lOl NTR1ES. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 < HI NTRIES. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 ( 'nl NTRIES. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Europe : 
 
 291,500,000 
 
 1 17. IT."., 000 
 
 124,803,000 
 
 66,138,000 
 
 54,894,000 
 
 43,146,000 
 
 21,385,000 
 
 1 1,155,000 
 
 10,362,000 
 
 4,409,000 
 
 3,307,000 
 
 8,818,000 
 
 North America : 
 
 British N.A.Prov. . 
 South America : 
 Argentine Republic 
 (exports L885). . 
 
 307,100.000 
 
 12,000.000 
 
 376,700,000 
 1,87:.. ooo 
 
 6,700,000 
 
 Afganistan, Belu- 
 chistan, and Thi- 
 bet ( exports to In- 
 dia ) 
 
 
 (it. Britain & Irel'd 
 
 12.200.(1(10 
 
 8,300,000 
 
 31,555,000 
 
 ■'•..470,000 
 
 
 Asiatic Turkey .... 
 Persia (exports to 
 
 ( rermany 
 
 Hungary 
 
 It;lly . '. 
 
 Austria 
 
 Uruguay (exports 
 1884) 
 
 42,000,000 
 550,000 ooo 
 
 Africa : 
 
 ( !ape< lolony & Natal 
 (exports 1885). . 
 
 
 
 128,681,600 
 2,800,000 
 18,000,000 
 
 
 Asia : 
 
 British East Indies 
 (exports 1885-86) 
 
 72,000,000 
 
 66,000,000 
 
 All other Europe. . . 
 
 All other countries. 
 Total production. 
 
 Total Europe . . . 
 
 762,589,000 
 
 2,456,773,600 
 
 
 This data is for 1891 except when otherwise stated. 
 "The Wool Book," published by the National Association of 
 
 The statistics of this and the following table are from 
 Wool Manufacturers. 
 
 THE WORLD'S WOOL SUPPLY SINCE 1870. 
 
 The figures prior to 1891 are the estimates of the London Board of Trade. 
 
 Coun- 
 tries. 
 
 1870. 
 
 1880. 
 
 1891. 
 
 Coun- 
 tries. 
 
 1870. 
 
 1880. 
 
 1891. 
 
 United 
 
 Kingdom .. 
 Continent of 
 
 Europe 
 
 N. .America.. 
 
 Austral- 
 
 Pounds. 
 150,000,000 
 
 485,000,000 
 176,000,000 
 
 175,000,000 
 
 Pounds. 
 149,000,000 
 
 450,000,000 
 270,000,000 
 
 308,000,000 
 
 Pounds. 
 147,475,000 
 
 639,917,000 
 319,100,000 
 
 550,000,000 
 
 Cape Good 
 Hope 
 
 R. Plate 
 
 Other 
 Countries.... 
 
 Grand Totals.. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 43,000,000 
 197,000,000 
 
 69,000,000 
 
 1,295,000,000 
 
 Pounds. 
 60,000,000 
 256,000,000 
 
 133,000,000 
 
 1,626,000,000 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 128,681,600 
 376,700,000 
 
 294,900,000 
 
 2,456,773 600 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS'. 
 8^=*WE ARE EXPERTS IN 
 
 - DRYING. - 
 
 RSMOiZHL OF STGHM HeHT- 
 ING ^ENTILHTION. 
 
 Correspondence Solicited. 
 
 Barney Ventilating Fan Co., 
 
 54 OLIVER ST., BOSTON, 3IA8S. 
 
 Hosmer, Codding « Co. 
 
 WHOLSALE DEALERS AND JOBBERS IN 
 
 Boots, Shoes and Rubbers. 
 
 133 to 137 Federal Street, 
 
 BOSTON, MASS. 
 
 l&Slf 3 Agents for Tenney's Iaiie of Fine Shoes for Men 
 JSoys and Yoriths. Also the May en School Shoe 
 and "TSoston Lane" for Men. Ash Your Retailer 
 for these Goods. 
 
 BURNHAM & RAGE, 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Leather Belting, 
 
 TOP ROLL COVERERS ™ MILL SUPPLY DEALERS. 
 
 168 Broadwa,y Ilawrence, jVtass. 
 
MAM Al. Ill- III-'. I KKI.M'K OF TKXTILK WORKERS. 
 
 53 
 
 WEEKLY QUOTATIONS OF PRINTING CLOTHS 
 
 AggrcK;it< storks ;it Fall River, Providence and New York. 
 
 The Stock includes all Goods outside of Printing Establishments. 
 Prices are the same at Fall River, Providence, Boston and R ewl brk. 
 r 
 
 
 Quotations for Extra 
 
 Aggregate Stocks. 
 
 
 64 x 61. 
 
 (In Thousaucis of Pieces.) 
 
 Date. 
 
 
 
 
 -si 
 
 
 ei 
 
 
 « 1 IN 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sept. 2 
 
 2 3-1 
 
 3 1-2 
 
 2 15-16 
 
 670 
 
 
 682 
 
 9 
 
 '• 
 
 " 
 
 3 
 
 614 
 
 — 
 
 581 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 646 
 
 — 
 
 550 
 
 " 23 
 
 3 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 582 
 
 — 
 
 472 
 
 •' 30 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 » 
 
 u 
 
 620 
 
 5 
 
 435 
 
 Oct. 7 
 
 2 3-4 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 626 
 
 14 
 
 455 
 
 " 11 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 635 
 
 28 
 
 475 
 
 " 21 
 
 2 13-16 
 
 " 
 
 '* 
 
 6?8 
 
 — 
 
 493 
 
 " 25 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 3 11-16 
 
 " 
 
 592 
 
 2 
 
 523 
 
 Nov. 4 
 
 11 
 
 " 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 619 
 
 — 
 
 544 
 
 " 11 
 
 2 15-16 
 
 3 3-4 
 
 
 536 
 
 — 
 
 565 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 
 
 3 13-16 
 
 " 
 
 567 
 
 3 
 
 536 
 
 " 25 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 " 
 
 574 
 
 10 
 
 549 
 
 Dec. 2 
 
 " 
 
 4 1-16 
 
 2 15-16 
 
 299 
 
 6 
 
 441 
 
 9 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 301 
 
 5 
 
 434 
 
 " IS 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 3 1-16 
 
 302 
 
 5 
 
 288 
 
 " 23 
 
 2 15-16 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 331 
 
 11 
 
 273 
 
 " 30 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 340 
 
 
 266 
 
 1884. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Jan. 6 
 
 " 
 
 4 
 
 " 
 
 377 
 
 9 
 
 263 
 
 " 13 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 428 
 
 7 
 
 260 
 
 " 20 
 
 2 13-16 
 
 ( i 
 
 (t 
 
 473 
 
 1 
 
 238 
 
 " 27 
 
 »' 
 
 " 
 
 3 1-8 
 
 502 
 
 1 
 
 250 
 
 Feb. 3 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 •' 
 
 " 
 
 446 
 
 7 
 
 62 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 505 
 
 — 
 
 45 
 
 " 17 
 
 2 3-4 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 547 
 
 — 
 
 28 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 3 1-16 
 
 591 
 
 — 
 
 15 
 
 Mar. 3 
 
 2 3-4 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 639 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 " 10 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 671 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 ii 17 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 655 
 
 22 
 
 — 
 
 " 24 
 
 " 
 
 3 3-4 
 
 11 
 
 652 
 
 40 
 
 — 
 
 " 31 
 
 2 13-16 
 
 '» 
 
 » 
 
 644 
 
 55 
 
 12 
 
 April 7 
 
 " 
 
 '• 
 
 •' 
 
 657 
 
 91 
 
 35 
 
 " 14 
 
 (( 
 
 31-2 
 
 " 
 
 674 
 
 97 
 
 59 
 
 " ?1 
 
 2 3-4 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 700 
 
 120 
 
 51 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 
 
 3 1-4 
 
 " 
 
 750 
 
 121 
 
 38 
 
 May 5 
 
 
 31-8 
 
 2 13-16 
 
 779 
 
 135 
 
 44 
 
 " 12 
 
 2 11-16 
 
 " 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 806 
 
 126 
 
 36 
 
 " 19 
 
 " 
 
 3 3-16 
 
 2 15-16 
 
 886 
 
 123 
 
 6 
 
 " 26 
 
 " 
 
 3 7-16 
 
 >< 
 
 905 
 
 81 
 
 6 
 
 June 2 
 
 '• 
 
 " 
 
 3 3-8 
 
 941 
 
 84 
 
 — 
 
 " 9 
 
 " 
 
 3 3-8 
 
 " 
 
 1,000 
 
 97 
 
 — 
 
 " 16 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 1,060 
 
 116 
 
 — 
 
 " 23 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 1,082 
 
 140 
 
 — 
 
 " 30 
 
 " 
 
 3 1-4 
 
 " 
 
 1,124 
 
 156 
 
 — 
 
 July 7 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 1,163 
 
 232 
 
 — 
 
 ii 14 
 
 2 5-8 
 
 3 
 
 3 1-2 
 
 1,162 
 
 328 
 
 — 
 
 ii 21 
 
 " 
 
 2 7-8 
 
 " 
 
 1,183 
 
 395 
 
 — 
 
 " 28 
 
 " 
 
 2 3-4 
 
 " 
 
 1,227 
 
 462 
 
 — 
 
 Aug. 4 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 " 
 
 1,217 
 
 548 
 
 — 
 
 " 11 
 
 11 
 
 " 
 
 t( 
 
 1,246 
 
 581 
 
 — 
 
 " 18 
 
 " 
 
 2 11-16 
 
 <i 
 
 1,236 
 
 629 
 
 — 
 
 " 25 
 
 2 3-4 
 
 " " 
 
 1,052 
 
 653 4 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., 
 PRICE LIST FOR WEAVING 
 
 Adopted by the 
 
 Power Loom hit/ruin ('m/tri [icurcrx Protective 
 Association. 
 
 To go into effect Jan. 21, '95, and continue to 
 June 1, '95. 
 
 B i 
 
 3 a B 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 a, 
 S 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 U r. 
 
 a,io 
 
 t, a. 
 
 fll Oio 
 
 3-PLYlNGRAIN. 
 Cotton Plain. 
 
 Fast 
 loom. 
 
 Slow 
 loom. 
 
 G ars. 
 15 
 16 
 17 
 
 Gears. 
 9 
 10 
 
 Cents. 
 
 2 3-4 
 
 Cents. 
 3 
 
 Cents. 
 6 1-2 
 
 Cents. 
 7 1-4 
 
 18 
 
 11 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 3 1-4 
 
 Wool Plain. 
 
 19 
 20 
 
 Fast 
 loom. 
 
 Slow 
 loom. 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 23 
 24 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 31-4 
 
 31-2 
 
 Cents. 
 
 7 
 
 Cents. 
 7 3-1 
 
 25 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 31-2 
 
 3 3-4 
 
 
 
 28 
 29 
 30 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 3 3-4 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 31 
 32 
 33 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 4 
 
 41-4 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 36 
 37 
 
 21 
 22 
 
 4 1-4 
 
 4 1-2 
 
 
 
 38 
 39 
 40 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 4 1-2 
 
 4 3-4 
 
 
 
 41 
 42 
 43 
 44 
 
 25 
 26 
 
 4 3-4 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 45 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 27 
 28 
 
 5 
 51-2 
 
 51-4 
 
 A* 
 51 
 
 ra. 
 
 -4 
 
 48 
 49 
 50 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 5 3-4 
 
 5 3-4 
 
 51 
 52 
 53 
 54 
 
 31 
 32 
 
 6 
 
 6 1-4 
 
 61 
 
 -4 
 
 Stair carpet under yard wide one-quarter cent 
 less per yard. 
 
 One-half cent per yard additional for shading 
 on all looms; said shading to be all revolving 
 box work on Murklaud loom, and block or hand 
 shading on all looms. 
 
 Manufacturer's signature, 
 
54 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 We advertise only what we have, 
 
 and exactly as it is. 
 
 Our Business is to furnish Ready Clothing' to Ladies, 
 Gentlemen and Children, Gentlemen's Fine Furnishings and 
 Hats and Caps for Men and Boys. We know that to secure 
 and hold trade it is necessary to offer only goods of first 
 quality at fair prices, and to stand squarely behind every 
 transaction between ourselves and our patrons. 
 
 Therefore, we buy nothing- we cannot guarantee, and sell 
 nothing we are not ready to take back and return purchase 
 money. Many lines of goods we do not accept as offered by 
 manufacturers to the general trade, but require them made 
 to conform to our knowledge of the needs of our trade. 
 
 Among our specialties are the Rogers, Peet & Co. Suits 
 and Overcoats for Men; "Little Giaut" Suits for Boys; B. & C. 
 Cloaks, Coats, Capes and Suits for Ladies ; Silk and wash- 
 goods Shirt Waists and Silk Skirts for Ladies ; our $2.90 Hat 
 (as good as hatters sell at $3.50 to $5,) and our $1.90 Hat 
 (as good as auy sold at $2.50); "Star" Shirts for Men ; Shirt 
 Waists for Ladies and Boys; our own "Roger Williams" 
 Collars, at 13 cents. 
 
 We clothe gentlemen with handsomer, better fitting and 
 better made clothing than 75 per cent, of custom tailors can 
 make at 25 to 50 per cent, less expense. 
 
 Jerome Kennedy & Co. 
 
 Providence, K. I. 
 
MANUAL OK REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 55 
 
 PRICE LISTS IN FORCE IN THE WORSTED AND WOOLEN INDUSTRIES 
 
 IN PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 WEAVERS' SCALE, PRICE PER YARD. 
 
 PII KS 
 
 PKICE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PER IN. 
 
 MILLS. 
 
 PICKS. 
 
 MILLS. 
 
 PICKS. 
 
 MILLS. 
 
 PICKS. 
 
 MILLS, 
 
 30 
 
 GO 
 
 52 
 
 87 
 
 71 
 
 118 
 
 96 
 
 153 
 
 32 
 
 62 
 
 54 
 
 89 
 
 76 
 
 121 
 
 98 
 
 156 
 
 34 
 
 64 
 
 56 
 
 92 
 
 78 
 
 121 
 
 100 
 
 160 
 
 36 
 
 66 
 
 58 
 
 94 
 
 ■SO 
 
 12.S 
 
 104 
 
 162 
 
 38 
 
 68 
 
 60 
 
 96 
 
 82 
 
 131 
 
 108 
 
 172 
 
 40 
 
 70 
 
 62 
 
 99 
 
 84 
 
 134 
 
 112 
 
 179 
 
 42 
 
 74 
 
 64 
 
 102 
 
 86 
 
 137 
 
 116 
 
 185 
 
 44 
 
 77 
 
 66 
 
 105 
 
 88 
 
 110 
 
 120 
 
 192 
 
 46 
 
 79 
 
 6.s 
 
 108 
 
 90 
 
 144 
 
 124 
 
 198 
 
 48 
 
 82 
 
 70 
 
 112 
 
 92 
 
 147 
 
 126 
 
 201 
 
 50 
 
 86 
 
 72 
 
 115 
 
 94 
 
 150 
 
 130 
 
 208 
 
 3 mills per shuttle extra per yard for every shuttle over 4. 
 
 10 mills or 1 cent per yard off list for piece dye work. 
 
 10 mills or 1 cent per yard off list on fast looms running over UK) picks per minute. 
 
 Pattern loom weavers $9.00 per week of 60 hours. 
 
 FOR THE BENEFIT OF FOREIGN READERS. 
 
 10 mills equal 1 cent; 100 cents equal one dollar ($1.00) ; 24 cents equal 1 shilling (English) ; 4 shillings 2 
 pence equal one dollar ($1.00.) 
 
 LOOM FIXERS' PRICE LIST. 
 
 Section of 17 looms, $2.10 per day. 
 
 18 " 
 
 2.12 1-2 
 
 1'.) 
 
 2.15 
 
 20 " 
 
 2.17 1-2 
 
 21 
 
 2.20 
 
 Dresser tenders, $1.90 per day. 
 Drawing-in-hands, 17 1-2 cents per 1000 threads. 
 
 PRICES PAID GINGHAM WEAVERS IN NEW ENGLAND. 
 
 Picks per Picks per 
 
 
 
 Yards 
 
 per 
 
 cut, 4 and 6 
 
 cut. 2 box 
 
 of 
 
 Counts 
 
 minute, 4 
 
 minute, 2 
 
 Picks pei 
 
 
 
 cut 
 
 
 box looms. 
 
 looms. 
 
 warp. 
 
 of filling. 
 
 and 6 box 
 
 looms. 
 
 146 
 
 box looms 
 
 inch. 
 
 
 f Standard, 
 
 47 1 
 
 -2 
 
 37c. 
 
 32 
 
 22 
 
 20 
 
 190 
 
 54 
 
 Lewiston, Me. 
 
 1 Fancy, 
 
 47 1- 
 
 •2 
 
 40c. 
 
 — 
 
 24 
 
 32 
 
 146 
 
 190 
 
 56 
 
 
 ( Seersucker, 
 
 47 1- 
 
 •2 
 
 50c. 
 
 — 
 
 32 
 
 30 
 
 146 
 
 190 
 
 64 
 
 
 C Standard, 
 
 55 
 
 
 60c. 
 
 — 
 
 30 
 
 40 
 
 172 
 
 
 
 70 
 
 Fitchburg, Mass. 
 
 I Fine, 
 
 1 Fine Goods, 
 
 50 
 
 72 
 
 
 70c. 
 $1.40 
 
 — 
 
 40 
 50 
 
 40 
 60 
 
 172 
 172 
 
 
 
 76 
 82 
 
 
 ( Fine Extra, 
 
 50 
 
 
 98c. 
 
 — 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 172 
 
 
 
 86 
 
 North Adams, 
 
 r Stan'd G.M.C. 
 
 47 
 47 
 47 
 
 
 54c. 
 43c. 
 54c. 
 
 — 
 
 40 
 40 
 40 
 
 40 
 40 
 40 
 
 156 
 156 
 156 
 
 
 
 68 
 50 
 56 
 
 Mass. 
 
 
 
 z 
 
 
 
 Manchester, N. H. Standard, 
 
56 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 1 
 
 ;&* v=*j^=- / 
 
 Talcott's Wilson Belt Hook. 
 
 LLLILU 
 
 Talcott's Acme Steel Belt Hook. 
 
 /iyy L/LaI (I U JWL 
 
 Talcott's Combination Belt Hook. 
 
 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ 
 
 M 
 
 s>m 
 
 
 m ' ■ y 
 
 Talcott's Clinching Belt Hook. 
 
 W. O. TALGOTT, 
 
 97 SABIN STREET, PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 A. HOPKINS 252 GO. 
 
 /"\&cbioi5ts &i7cl Br&ss Founders, 
 
 RASCOAG AND PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
 FULLING MILLS, WASHERS, 
 REELTTBS, DYE TUBS, VATS, TANKS. 
 
 Bronze and Porcelain Rings, Dye Tubs, Valves, Etc. 
 
 SPINDLES, FLYERS, CAPS, 
 TIKES, BOLSTERS, STEPS, ETC. 
 
 For Cotton, Woolen, Worsted, Silk and Flax Machinery. 
 
 EXCELSIOR LOOA\ REED WORKS, 
 
 HHt^ gDAMSOFS FLEXIBLE BEVEL DENT REEDS. 
 
 MADE OF THE FINEST STEEL WIRE SELVEDGES REINFORCED WITH SOLDER. 
 
 ESPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR WEAVING .-. .-. .'. 
 
 I>'r 
 
 CUM 
 
 ie Worsteds, Woaleqs aqd 
 
 THE CHEAPEST REEDS ON THE MARKET 
 
 EDWARD ADAA\SON, Proprietor. 
 
 FACTORY, BROAD STREET, OPPOSITE PASSENGER DEPOT, PAWTUCKET, R, I. 
 
 ^TELEPHONE NO. 4328-5. 
 
MANUAL (IF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 57 
 
 ACREAGE AND PRODUCTION OF COTTON IN 1889 AND 1879 IN THE U. S. 
 
 According to United States Census of 1890 and 1880. 
 
 J-5'-( Ct>rrcsp<>n<liiii) irilli Cam iiirrcial Crop* <</ 1889-90 and 1879-80.) 
 
 Census of 1890. 
 
 STATES. 
 
 Bales. 
 
 North Carolina 
 South Carolina 
 
 ( Georgia 
 
 Florida 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Mississippi • • • 
 Lonisiana . ... 
 
 Texas 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 Tennessee ■ ■ ■ • 
 
 Virginia 
 
 M issouri 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Indian Territoi 
 Oklahoma 
 
 Total 
 
 1.1 17,136 
 
 1,987,469 
 
 3,345,104 
 
 227,370 
 
 2,761,165 
 
 2,883,278 
 
 1,27(1.1. VI 
 
 3,934,525 
 
 1,700,578 
 
 717,171 
 
 39,213 
 
 57,260 
 
 2,629 
 
 731 
 
 70,078 
 
 1,109 
 
 336,261 
 
 7 17.1 '.id 
 
 ,191,846 
 
 57,928 
 
 915,210 
 ,154,725 
 
 C.V.I. ISO 
 
 ,471,242 
 
 691,494 
 
 190,579 
 
 5,375 
 
 15,856 
 
 873 
 
 212 
 
 34,1 15 
 
 425 
 
 20,175,270 7, 472, ."ill 
 
 Censi s of If 
 
 Acreage. 
 
 893,153 
 
 1,364,249 
 
 2,617,138 
 
 245,595 
 
 2,330,086 
 
 2, K)C, 21.") 
 
 864,787 
 
 2,178,435 
 
 1,042,976 
 
 722,562 
 
 15,040 
 
 32,116 
 
 2,667 
 
 35,000 
 
 14,480,019 
 
 Bales. 
 
 389,598 
 
 522,548 
 
 814,441 
 
 54,997 
 
 699,654 
 
 963,111 
 
 508,569 
 
 805,284 
 
 608,256 
 
 330,621 
 
 19,595 
 
 20,318 
 
 1,367 
 
 17.000 
 
 5,755,359 
 
 'Indian Territory estimated by Census Office in 1SSO. 
 
 COTTON CONSUMPTION OF THE ENTIRE WORLD. 
 
 Consumption, Bales 
 
 OF 400 LBS. 
 
 Great 
 Britain. 
 
 Continent. 
 
 Total 
 Europe. 
 
 Total 
 United States. 
 
 Total 
 India. 
 
 Total 
 World. 
 
 1880-81 
 
 3,572,000 
 3.640,000 
 3,744,000 
 3,666,000 
 3,433,000 
 3,628,000 
 3,694,000 
 3,841,000 
 3,770,000 
 4,016,000 
 4,233,000 
 3,977,000 
 3,583,000 
 4,040,000 
 
 2,956,000 
 3,198,000 
 3,380,000 
 3,389,000 
 3,255,000 
 3,465,000 
 3,640,000 
 3,796,000 
 4,069,000 
 4,280,000 
 4,538,000 
 4,524,000 
 4,576,000 
 4,784,000 
 
 6,528,000 
 6,838,000 
 7,124,000 
 7,046,000 
 6,688,000 
 7,093,000 
 7,334,000 
 7,637,000 
 7,839,000 
 8,296,000 
 8,771,000 
 8,401,000 
 8,159,000 
 8,824,000 
 
 2,118.000 
 2,197,000 
 2,375,000 
 2.244,000 
 1,909,000 
 2,278,000 
 2,423,000 
 2,530,000 
 2,685,000 
 2,731,000 
 2,958,000 
 3,220,000 
 3,189,000 
 2,830,000 
 
 371,400 
 
 389,600 
 
 447,400 
 
 520,700 
 
 584,800 
 
 630,300 
 
 711,800 
 
 771,670 
 
 870,880 
 
 988,293 
 
 1,155,328 
 
 1,142,619 
 
 1,147,588 
 
 1,199,234 
 
 9,017,400 
 
 1881-82 
 
 9,424,600 
 
 1882-83 
 
 9,946,400 
 
 1883-84.... 
 
 9,810,700 
 
 1884-85 
 
 9,181,800 
 
 1885-86 
 
 10,001,300 
 
 1886-87 
 
 10,468,800 
 
 1887-88 
 
 10,938,670 
 
 1888-89 
 
 11,394,880 
 
 1889-90 
 
 12,015,293 
 
 1890-91 
 
 12,884, 32 -i 
 
 1891-92 
 
 1892-93 
 
 12,863,619 
 12,495,588 
 
 1893-94 . 
 
 12,853,234 
 
 
 
 SPINDLES IN OPERATION. 
 
 
 1894. 
 
 1893. 
 
 1892. 
 
 1891. 
 
 1890. 
 
 1889. 
 
 
 45,270,000 
 
 27,350,000 
 
 17,126,418 
 
 3,650,000 
 
 93,396,418 
 
 45,270,000 
 
 26,850,000 
 
 16,641,000 
 
 3,576,000 
 
 92,337,000 
 
 45,350,000 
 
 26,405,000 
 
 16,286,099 
 
 3,402,000 
 
 44,750,000 
 
 26,035,000 
 
 15,781,000 
 
 3,351,000 
 
 43,750,000 
 24,575,00(1 
 14,750,000 
 3,270,(100 
 
 43,5ihi,ooo 
 
 
 24,000, 
 
 
 14,175,000 
 
 
 2,760,000 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 91,443,099 
 
 89,917,000 
 
 86,345,000 
 
 84,435,000 
 
 
 
58 
 
 MANUAL IIF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS 
 
 M^^mk 
 
 fomflou$e£k 
 
 Baker's P&terjt Pouble flpron Rubbing (Dotious for Condenser Gfcrds 
 
 ARE IN SUCCESSFUL OPERATION ON ALL GRADES OF STOCK, 
 
 We Mancufature Barker's Improved Floor Card Grinders. We Manufacture Barker's Patent Noiselcsi Fast-Sunning Doffing Comb. These 
 
 Machines have been generally adopted because they change the conditions of Carding and Spinning Rooms completely for the better. 
 fill!? PlfllM^ Al?F- lst - They nave more Rubbing Surface than any other make of rubber. 2d. On account of their Great Rubbing 
 UUA uMIIJ \/ UAL. Power we can turn off more slubbing than any other inake of rubber motion, 3d. Our slubbing being better Rub- 
 bed than by the ordinary methods, it is much Rounder and Sounder than any other machine will give. 4th. Our slubbing being rounder, 
 closer and sounder.it requires LESS TWIST, and therefore, saves time and labor on the mule. There are no ends to run up on the mule. 
 There is less waste made. The spools hold more stock. There is less creeling to be done. The general result being that we obtain a superior 
 Yarn and a net gain of from 10 to 40 per cent, more or yarn made from the same number of spindles over any other way of Condensing. 
 
 JA/\ES BARKER, cotton and woolen machine ry, Second and Somerset 5to., Philadelphia, Pa.. 
 
M\M \ .1 1 I.KI-.MI. HI' TKXTII.K WOUKKRS. 
 
 59 
 
 STATISTICS OF WOOL IN THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Year 
 
 
 
 Total Pro- 
 
 Domestic 
 
 Foreign 
 
 Total 
 
 Retained for 
 
 Per 
 
 Ending 
 
 Production. 
 
 Imports. 
 
 duction and 
 
 Wool 
 
 Wool 
 
 Wool 
 
 Home ( Ion- 
 
 cent. 
 
 June 30. 
 
 
 
 Imports. 
 
 Exported. 
 
 Exported. 
 
 Exported. 
 
 sumption. 
 
 Imp'ed 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 p. c. 
 
 1870 
 
 162,000, » 
 
 49,230,199 
 
 211,230,199 
 
 152,892 
 
 l.Tlo.o.-,:; 
 
 1,862,945 
 
 209,367,254 
 
 23.3 
 
 1880 
 
 232,500,000 
 
 128,131,747 
 
 360,631,747 
 
 191,55] 
 
 3,648,520 
 
 3,840,071 
 
 356,791,676 
 
 35.5 
 
 1881 
 
 240,000,000 
 
 55,96 1,236 
 
 295,964,236 
 
 71,455 
 
 5,507,534 
 
 5,578,989 
 
 290,385,247 
 
 18.9 
 
 1 882 
 
 272,1 ,000 
 
 67,861,74 1 
 
 339,861,744 
 
 116,179 
 
 3,831,836 
 
 3,948,015 
 
 335,913,729 
 
 20.0 
 
 1883 
 
 290,000,000 
 
 70,575, 178 
 
 360,575, 178 
 
 64,474 
 
 1,010,043 
 
 4,074,517 
 
 356,500,96] 
 
 L9.7 
 
 1884 
 
 300,000,000 
 
 78,350,65] 
 
 378,350,65] 
 
 10,393 
 
 2,304,70] 
 
 2,315,093 
 
 396,035,558 
 
 20.8 
 
 1885 
 
 308,000, 1 
 
 70,596,170 
 
 378,596,170 
 
 88,000 
 
 3,] 15,339 
 
 3,203,345 
 
 375,392,825 
 
 18.8 
 
 1886 
 
 302,000,000 
 
 129,084,958 
 
 l:;i ,084,958 
 
 2,138,080 
 
 6,534,426 
 
 8,672,506 
 
 422,412,452 
 
 30.6 
 
 L887 
 
 285,000,000 
 
 11 1,038,030 
 
 399,038,030 
 
 257,940 
 
 6,728,292 
 
 6,986,232 
 
 392,051,998 
 
 29.1 
 
 1 888 
 
 269,000,000 
 
 L13,558,753 
 
 382,558,753 
 
 22,164 
 
 1,359,73] 
 
 1,381,895 
 
 378,176,858 
 
 30.0 
 
 1889 ..... 
 
 265,000,000 
 
 126,487,929 
 
 391,487,729 
 
 1 U,576 
 
 3,263,094 
 
 3,404,670 
 
 388,083,059 
 
 31.7 
 
 1890 
 
 276,000,000 
 
 105,431,285 
 
 381,431,285 
 
 231,042 
 
 3,288,467 
 
 3,519,509 
 
 377,9] 1,776 
 
 28. 1 
 
 1891 
 
 285,000,000 
 
 129,303,648 
 
 105,303,648 
 
 292,922 
 
 2,638,123 
 
 2,931,045 
 
 102,372,603 
 
 31.8 
 
 1892 
 
 294,000,000 
 
 1 18,760,652 
 
 1 12,670,652 
 
 202, 156 
 
 3,007,563 
 
 3,210,019 
 
 139,460,633 
 
 33.6 
 
 
 303j000,000 
 
 L 72,435,838 
 
 175,433,838 
 
 91,858 
 
 1,218,637 
 
 1,310,495 
 
 171,123,343 
 
 36.2 
 
 The above was prepared by the Bureau of Statistics of the Treasury Department. 
 
 The census report for 1890 gives the following statistics of wool manufactured in the United States in 1890: 
 Number of manufacturing establishments, 2,770; capital employed, 8320,417,304; miscellaneous expenses, 819,547,- 
 200; average number of hands employed, males, 99,318; females, 106,112; children, 15,657; total, 221 ; 087; total 
 amount paid in wages, *76,76S,S71: cost 'of materials used. 8203,095.642; value of products, 8338,231,109. 
 
 IMPORTS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURERS OF WOOL. 
 
 We present herewith a statement of imports of wool and manufacturers of wool for the 12 
 December 31, and also the imports of the previous year. 
 
 months ending 
 
 ARTICLES. 
 
 L'NMAM 1 \\i I I [RED : 
 
 Class one His. 
 
 Class tw< His. 
 
 ('lass three t lbs. 
 
 Total manufactured lbs 
 
 MANUFACTURES OF : 
 
 Carpets ami carpeting square yards 
 
 Clothing, ready made, and other wearing apparel, ex- 
 cept shawls ami knit goods 
 
 Cloths '. lbs. 
 
 Dress goods, women's and children square yards 
 
 Knil fabrics 
 
 Rags, shoddy, mungo, waste, noils ami Mocks. ...lbs. 
 
 Shawls 
 
 Yarns lbs. 
 
 All others 
 
 Total manufactures 
 
 QUANTITIES. 
 
 Twelve months ending 
 Dec. 31. 
 
 1894. 
 
 1893. 
 
 12,931,532 :;o,77.s,:;^7 
 
 898,885 3,884,052 
 
 30,764,990 77,089,989 
 
 14,595,407 111,752,368 
 
 333,623 
 
 7,2] 1,810 
 18,183,513 
 
 619,950 
 
 13,603,992 
 65,378,267 
 
 142,040 229,583 
 
 4:.o.7'.h'i 965,610 
 
 VALUES. 
 
 Twelve months ending 
 Dec. 31. 
 
 L894. 
 
 $2,028,330 
 
 241,493 
 
 2,630,823 
 
 $4,900,646 
 
 784,48] 
 
 711,710 
 
 6,104,793 
 
 7,549,522 
 
 612,484 
 
 4:!,.si:i 
 
 83,391 
 
 280,919 
 
 649.042 
 
 116,853,215 
 
 1893 
 
 $5,573,238 
 
 895,266 
 
 7,485,045 
 
 513,953,549 
 
 1,377. :;os 
 
 (II.-, 
 n;n 
 283 
 233 
 7:; 
 ■2M 
 587 
 970 
 
 ,296 
 ,529 
 
 .:.:il> 
 .674 
 .Hi' 
 .012 
 .:;•.".! 
 ,364 
 
 $30,238,506 
 
60 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 YARN AND CLOTH 
 
 IS THE TITLE OF THE 
 
 « TEXTILE OPERATIVES 
 
 WEEKLY JOURNAL 
 
 NOW IN ITS 
 
 SECOND YEAR, 
 
 IT CONTATNS 
 
 Serial and Short Stories. 
 
 Items of Interest to Mill People. 
 
 Time to time wage Scales of different Textile 
 
 Centres. 
 Reaches Carpet, Woolen, Worsted, Silk, and 
 
 Cotton Weavers, Spinners, Carders, Dye 
 
 House Workers and all classes of Textile 
 
 Operatives. 
 
 Iff \>ou want belp, tr\> an Hb.^ 35 ^ 
 
 Iff \>ou want information, tn> a Subscription. 
 
 SUBSCRIPTION: 50 Cents per Year. 
 
 Published Weekly by T. P. CAHILL, 
 
 SAUNDERS BLOCK, - - LAWRENCE, MASS- 
 
MANUAL OF KF.FFKFM F OF TEXTILE. WORREKS. 
 
 61 
 
 STATEMENT OF. 
 United States Cotton Crops and Exports, and the Annual Takings of United 
 
 States Spinners Since 1841. 
 
 (.IN THOUSANDS OF BALES). Average Net Weight Per Bale 450 Pounds. 
 
 FROM SHFPPFRSON'S COTTON FACTS, ^-^m^ 
 
 SOURCES OF COTTON SUPPLY, 
 
 The following is the estimate of Ellison & Co. for 1894-95 : 
 
 1394-95. 
 
 
 
 
 Exports. 
 
 Taken for Home 
 
 Consumption. 
 
 ft > 
 
 O PQ 
 
 
 
 Exclusive 
 
 of Railroad Shipments to 
 
 (Canadian Mills 
 
 H 7, ./, 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 Canada. 
 
 not included). 
 
 a j ' 
 
 Season*. 
 
 Commercial 
 
 
 
 
 pa 
 
 
 Crop. 
 
 To 
 Great 
 
 Britain. 
 
 To 
 
 
 Takings Takings 
 
 - 
 
 
 Continent 
 
 and 
 
 Mexico. 
 
 Total 
 
 Exports. 
 
 of 
 
 Nor1 hern 
 
 Mills. 
 
 of 
 
 Southern 
 Mills. 
 
 a * . 
 
 1841-42 
 
 1,684 
 
 936 
 
 529 
 
 1,465 
 
 268 
 
 li 
 
 16 
 
 1842-43 
 
 2,379 
 
 1.470 
 
 540 
 
 2,010 
 
 325 
 
 1 s 
 
 14 
 
 1843-44 
 
 2,030 
 
 1,202 
 
 427 
 
 1,629 
 
 317 
 
 .§ 
 
 17 
 
 1844-45 
 
 2,394 
 
 1,439 
 
 645 
 
 2,084 
 
 389 
 
 1 " 
 
 16 
 
 1845-46 
 
 2.100 
 
 1,102 
 
 565 
 
 1,667 
 
 423 
 
 ' 
 
 20 
 
 1846-47 
 
 1,779 
 
 831 
 
 410 
 
 1.241 
 
 42S 
 
 Jz 
 
 21 
 
 1847-48 
 
 2,423 
 
 1,324 
 
 534 
 
 1.858 
 
 532 
 
 75 
 
 25 
 
 1848-49 
 
 2,840 
 
 1 ,538 
 
 690 
 
 . 2.228 
 
 518 
 
 112 
 
 22 
 
 1849 50 
 
 2,204 
 
 1,107 
 
 483 
 
 1,590 
 
 488 
 
 107 
 
 27 
 
 1850-51 
 
 2,415 
 
 1,418 
 
 571 
 
 1,989 
 
 404 
 
 60 
 
 19 
 
 1851-52 
 
 3,126 
 
 1,669 
 
 775 
 
 2,4 14 
 
 588 
 
 111 
 
 22 
 
 1852-53 
 
 3,416 
 
 1,737 
 
 791 
 
 2,528 
 
 650 
 
 153 
 
 23 
 
 1853-54 
 
 3,075 
 
 1,604 
 
 715 
 
 2,319 
 
 592 
 
 145 
 
 24 
 
 18*1-55 
 
 2.983 
 
 1,550 
 
 694 
 
 2,244 
 
 571 
 
 135 
 
 24 
 
 1855-56 
 
 3,665 
 
 1,921 
 
 1,034 
 
 2,955 
 
 633 
 
 138 
 
 21 
 
 1856-57 
 
 3,094 
 
 1,429 
 
 824 
 
 2,253 
 
 666 
 
 154 
 
 27 
 
 1857-58 
 
 3.257 
 
 1,810 
 
 7S0 
 
 2,590 
 
 452 
 
 143 
 
 18 
 
 1858-59 
 
 4.019 
 
 2,019 
 
 1,002 
 
 3,021 
 
 760 
 
 167 
 
 23 
 
 1859-60 
 
 4,861 
 
 2,669 
 
 1,105 
 
 3.774 
 
 793 
 
 186 
 
 20 
 
 1860-61 
 
 3.849 
 
 2,175 
 
 952 
 
 3,127 
 
 650 
 
 193 
 
 22 
 
 1861-65 
 
 Civil 
 
 War No. 
 
 Record of 
 
 Cotton 
 
 movement. 
 
 
 
 1865-66 
 
 2,278 
 
 1,262 
 
 293 
 
 1,555 
 
 541 
 
 127 
 
 29 
 
 1866-67 
 
 2,233 
 
 1.216 
 
 341 
 
 1,557 
 
 573 
 
 150 
 
 32 
 
 1867-68 
 
 2,599 
 
 1,228 
 
 428 
 
 1,656 
 
 800 
 
 168 
 
 37 
 
 1868-69 
 
 2.434 
 
 989 
 
 458 
 
 1,447 
 
 822 
 
 173 
 
 41 
 
 1869-70 
 
 3,114 
 
 1,475 
 
 704 
 
 2,179 
 
 777 
 
 80 
 
 28 
 
 1870-71 
 
 4,347 
 
 2.368 
 
 800 
 
 3,168 
 
 1.072 
 
 91 
 
 27 
 
 1871-72 
 
 2,974 
 
 1,474 
 
 483 
 
 1.957 
 
 '977 
 
 120 
 
 37 
 
 1872-73 
 
 3,874 
 
 1,920 
 
 756 
 
 2,676 
 
 1,063 
 
 138 
 
 31 
 
 1873-74 
 
 4,130 
 
 1,852 
 
 959 
 
 2.811 
 
 1,192 
 
 128 
 
 32 
 
 1874-75 
 
 3,831 
 
 1,833 
 
 841 
 
 2,674 
 
 1.071 
 
 130 
 
 31 
 
 1875-76 
 
 4,632 
 
 2,005 
 
 1,227 
 
 3,232 
 
 1,220 
 
 134 
 
 29 
 
 1876-77 
 
 4,474 
 
 1,994 
 
 1,034 
 
 3.028 
 
 1.302 
 
 127 
 
 32 
 
 18,7-78 
 
 4,774 
 
 2,047. 
 
 1.309 
 
 3,356 
 
 1,345 
 
 151 
 
 31 
 
 1878-79 
 
 5.071 
 
 2,053 
 
 1,413 
 
 3,466 
 
 1,375 
 
 186 
 
 31 
 
 1879-80 
 
 5,761 
 
 2,554 
 
 1,310 
 
 3,864 
 
 1,574 
 
 221 
 
 31 
 
 1880-81 
 
 6,606 
 
 2,832 
 
 1,733 
 
 4.565 
 
 1,713 
 
 225 
 
 29 
 
 1881-82 
 
 5,456 
 
 2,295 
 
 1,256 
 
 3,551 
 
 1,677 
 
 287 
 
 36 
 
 1882-83 
 
 6 9.50 
 
 2,886 
 
 1,838 
 
 4,724 
 
 1,759 
 
 313 
 
 30 
 
 1883-84 
 
 5,713 
 
 2,485 
 
 1,432 
 
 3.917 
 
 1,537 
 
 340 
 
 33 
 
 1884-85 
 
 5,706 
 
 2,425 
 
 1,495 
 
 3,920 
 
 1,437 
 
 316 
 
 31 
 
 1885-86 
 
 6,575 
 
 2,565 
 
 1,771 
 
 4,336 
 
 1,781 
 
 381 
 
 33 
 
 1886-87 
 
 6,499 
 
 2,704 
 
 1,741 
 
 4,445 
 
 1,687 
 
 401 
 
 32 
 
 1887-88 
 
 7,047 
 
 2,814 
 
 1,813 
 
 4,627 
 
 1,805 
 
 456 
 
 32 
 
 1888-89 
 
 6,939 
 
 2,810 
 
 1,926 
 
 4,736 
 
 1,790 
 
 480 
 
 33 
 
 1889-90 
 
 7,297 
 
 2,854 
 
 2,052 
 
 4,906 
 
 1.780 
 
 545 
 
 32 
 
 1890-91 
 
 8,674 
 
 3,345 
 
 2,446 
 
 5,791 
 
 2,027 
 
 613 
 
 30 
 
 1891-92 
 
 9,018 
 
 3,317 
 
 2,541 
 
 5,858 
 
 2,172 
 
 684 
 
 32 
 
 1892 93 
 
 6,664 
 
 2,301 
 
 2,089 
 
 4,390 
 
 1,652 
 
 723 
 
 36 
 
 1893-94 
 
 7,532 
 
 2,861 
 
 2,371 
 
 5,232 
 
 1,580 
 
 711 
 
 30 
 
 Total Bales. 
 
 America 8,248,000 
 
 East Indies 1,100,000 
 
 Other Countries 1,192,000 
 
 Total 10,540,000 
 
 Average Weight 468 
 
 Bales of 400 lbs 12,330,000 
 
62 
 
 MANDAL OP REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 REID & HUSHES, 
 
 * The 
 
 Popular 
 
 Dry .«. 
 
 Goods 
 Store 
 
 ^^anzEZg^OF LAWRENCE. 
 
 <!' 
 
 Xawrence ID^e Morfcs. 
 
 h. SJOSTROM & SOR 
 Dpers, ffiuisbers an& Manufacturers 
 
 ^•WORSTED CLOTHS,-^ 
 
 Lawrence, Mass. 
 
 ¥M, flMSLBY & BIO, 
 
 •MANUFACTURERS OF- 
 
 BOSTON OFFICE : 
 
 ROOM 1, 
 
 143 Federal Street. 
 
 * 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1870. 
 
 <fr 
 
 OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS. 
 
 ZIP- APflfllS AND. EfllERflLD STREET?, 
 
 Kensington, = Philadelphia. 
 
 E. FRANK LEWIS, 
 
 WOOL SCOURER, 
 
 Lawrence, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 A. G. HILDRETH. 
 
 W. J. HALL. 
 
 A. G. HH-iftRETH & G0 - 
 
 A\&oufactur«rs of A\<?cl>&r>ics' 
 
 JEREMIAH CLARK, 
 
 -DEALER IN- 
 
 OVERALLS, SHIRTS, 
 FROCKS, Etc. 
 
 MACHINERY 
 
 OF VARIOUS KINDS, 
 
 NEW AND SECOND-HAND. 
 
 COTTON & WOOLEN a specialty. 
 
 Can be Seen Here in Our Store-Houses of Over Two Acres of Floorage. 
 
 34 to 44 Sontlrita Si, 
 
 ©ffice: 277 SHittcm St. 
 
 OPP. LOWELL MACHINE SHOP. 
 
 Lowell. Mass. 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1860: 
 
 INCORPORATED. 
 
 Br£ (3oobs, 
 fllMUtner\> anb 
 Garments* 
 
 Philadelphia Pacfe^ Box Con)par)ij, 
 
 ■ ■ • • MANUFACTURERS OF ■ • • • 
 
 PHCKING BOXeS 
 
 • 9* —AND— •©• 
 
 ' LHPPING BOHRDS. 
 
 NICHOLS St FROST, 
 
 1 52 and 1 54 Main Street. 
 
 Fitchburg;, Mass. 
 
 OFFICE : FA CTOR Y : 
 
 2624 to 2634 American St. j 2623 to 2633 Bodine Street. 
 PHILADELPHIA. PA- 
 
MANUAL OE RBEERBNCB OE TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 huddersMd Woollen Manafacturers' and Spinners' Association. 
 
 "WEAVERS' SCALE. 
 
 63 
 
 The following 8ea!o for 18 ttnngs of* . ■ ) *♦»•. p«r fltrn* H*a I- 
 
 lu Shawla not r* :h*n three Shu'i, * will-f i paid far. 
 
 Up io 80 piokB ou Warp# of only ol« cut !o ^ 'id. eitra will Uc 
 From 80 tc SO pick-* do. do . " W. ' <k>. 
 
 Above 60 pick/ do. . do. 1 - do. 
 
 loropjled by tha alWe .^jsooiatiou, tod will 
 
 Tb all c 
 
 operation on the 7th day of Hay, 1B88 
 
 11 !. .' r . M | • r siring to lie a.ldcd for every two healds over 1ft, 
 ^V-avera workup two looms will be paid it per cent., or 7/- in ihe i' lea£frv» Scal^ 
 A>' Hatiiagee tra/ied io oe^lipt-Lice will bt- deducted. " 
 No luUJtf'TeucawUJ be allowed with learners approved bv Ui« master* 
 
 W. SCHOFIELD, Secrecy 
 
 3VCE3ST. 
 
 LOOMS RUNNING 70 TO 80 PICKS PER MINUTE. 
 
 
 
 Fid! 
 
 j WHITE F&CKl>'i*0R8TFD. WOOLLENS. M1XT1..BE 
 OR 5OU0 OOLUftBD W0BBTEDB. 
 
 COLORED WOBBTED& 
 
 G.,.,.. 
 
 .tIu."* 
 
 
 
 Otw B^i 
 
 
 - , Two Bauu- 
 
 One Bern 
 
 rVothuii 
 
 " " Oo. Boui. 
 
 about* 
 
 
 
 Shnulea. 
 
 
 Shuul" 
 
 ' ShuttlM. ' 
 
 . SLo,u "' 
 
 
 
 1 . < ! . , • 
 
 
 4- . ■ ; i .! J. j 4 ! S | 8 j 4 
 
 ' 1 * 
 
 ■ • 
 
 """ 
 
 31 .. ' «< 0/0 | 9/« . »/» 
 
 1 9 ' XI,-- U 7*' 
 
 15'.) v,{0 1070 . li.< 
 
 in* 1 isn*"| ii/i* ! iB/io) 
 
 8/8 | 0/0 
 
 ' 
 
 
 a ud Hj '■'-■ ; •• ". ; V" 
 
 | 68 tat 80 ] 10/0"* 10,6 ! 11.0 
 
 ii/a ; Hi,** | 12,3 . 
 
 n/nt>' iwo io,o ii.i i 
 
 li 102, 13 21 I8.B* . |4/«| 
 
 0/0 i «/0 
 
 
 
 -U/b-.'j. -U,4 1 l«/9 
 
 18/S ' 10,6 t. ll/l( 
 
 11,7* 
 
 IS/4* 
 
 18/0- 
 
 14/8 
 
 15/0 
 
 9/8 
 
 8A0» 
 
 
 
 1 sv ud re- io/« i i- i| ' . - 
 
 .^Ift/U .18.1 ' | IBjIB, 
 
 H/7J ' 11/1| ] 11,0 
 
 13/11 
 
 18/i, 
 
 11/11* 
 
 [ 11/7 
 
 16/6 
 
 0/lOj 
 
 10/8 
 
 
 
 •[ 39 4(id 40 | 11/0 | 11.7* ' 18/9 
 
 
 16/S | 11,71 \ 1S-3 
 
 . 18/10 
 
 13,11 
 
 16/0 
 
 10/1* 
 
 17/0* 
 
 10/1* 
 
 11/0 
 
 
 
 K,l ,-i .» >V" -J 12/1* 1 '»/« 
 
 'Va u/vH ! i. :o 
 
 I'M 1S/0 
 
 18/8 
 
 14/f. 
 
 16/1 
 
 16/8* 
 
 • 17,7* 
 
 10/10* 
 
 11/8 
 
 
 
 
 43 ud .4 13/0 j 12,7* ] 18/8 
 
 14/3 14/9 .j 16/«| 1 1681 1 12 7*. lS/4% 
 
 142. 
 
 14/11 
 
 16/7* 
 
 17/8 
 
 .322 
 
 11/1* 
 
 u/io* 
 
 
 
 
 43 ud .'■ ' !2/> 18 I) i IB/8 
 
 li ; "a !«/< ' Hi i' -J 1% (8/10J 
 
 14/6 
 
 1C/6 
 
 17 «J 
 
 17/10 
 
 is/0 
 
 U/10* 1 ' 13,1* 
 
 
 
 
 IT ud .• U 
 
 fs/71 ie.ij le/to* a i6/o , i»fl , .. .. 
 
 r . 
 
 16/tf 
 
 18/4* 
 
 18/1* 
 
 20/3 
 
 12'. ' IS/I 
 
 
 
 bU 
 
 11 ud K' t lift ' \H> I 16/0 
 
 16/1, 1 IT.* 17/0 | *1H,7, H ( -U 
 
 41,? 
 
 16/10* 
 
 "'•» 
 
 10/0 
 
 io a 
 
 20/10* 
 
 19/» 18/6 
 
 
 
 
 61 ud Si! M/0 -11/8 i 1S/0 
 
 16,7, 17.T" J 1«,TJ : ID.; i;.j 
 
 13/* 
 
 16,4* 
 
 . .7,6 ,_ ,./. . 
 
 ■0/1 " 1* 
 
 13,.. i 2.4/0 
 
 
 
 | '58 ajg B4 ' 14/8 ! 16/3 [ . 18-0 
 
 17, j , 17/10 
 
 10/7 1. l»»t 1 15/8, 
 
 16/1* 
 
 10/10* 
 
 18/0^ j ao/i 
 
 20/10 ■ 
 
 21,11* 
 
 18 ; l./l* 
 
 
 
 
 66 ud ^ ' 16/0 
 
 15/0 1 .16/6 
 
 17 7 t ' 18/«| 
 
 - lOfll 
 
 2070 ■ 16/0 . 
 
 187* 
 
 17/4* 
 
 
 31/4* 
 
 22 7 
 
 J- :'. 11 10) 
 
 
 
 
 11* ud. 58 
 
 «,'« 
 
 16/4* 1 17/11 
 
 :s/6i^ 19/H 
 
 SB/1 
 
 21/4 i • 
 
 10/41 
 
 17/3 
 
 •IB 1* 
 
 10/8*) 
 
 21/10 
 
 8S/8J 
 
 21/0 
 
 14/7* ! 18/8* 
 
 
 
 60 
 
 GO led 00 
 
 16/0 
 
 16/10* | 17/9 
 
 )»/Oi 1 Jf/» 
 
 ,.20/7, ' 
 
 21/11 
 
 16/10* 
 
 17/0 
 
 18/0 . 
 
 20/0* 
 
 • 22/1* 
 
 28/8 
 
 21/8* 
 
 11/1) 
 
 10/0 
 
 
 
 
 11 U.I 0! 
 
 16/6 
 
 "« i r 
 
 i '4H -" I 
 
 SI l\ 
 
 22-1 
 
 'J17/14 
 
 IS/t 
 
 10/8 
 
 SO/B* 
 
 22/11* 
 
 23/10 
 
 So/1 J. 
 
 li/7* 
 
 18/6 
 
 » 
 
 
 
 C3 ud 4. 
 
 17/0 
 
 17/10% ' 16/9 
 
 
 Bl/0 
 
 'S8/0J 
 
 17 10* 
 
 19/101 
 
 10/6 
 
 ei/8 
 
 22S/0 
 
 21,4* 
 
 2-.B 
 
 16/1) 
 
 16/10) 
 
 
 
 
 66 ud nr, ! 17 a v 
 07 i*i {"» 18/0 
 
 JO'S 
 
 ; 
 
 
 22. 
 
 M/H 
 
 I0/4J 
 
 10,'H 
 
 80/3 
 
 21 '» 
 
 2. 1 
 
 24/ll| 10/8 
 
 
 !■.'*» 
 
 
 
 70. 
 
 20/0 
 
 . 
 
 SS.l 
 ifl.10. 
 
 
 " 10,Q • 
 
 20/0 
 
 21,-0- 
 
 *> 1 j 
 
 2 10 
 
 20/6 
 26 10 
 
 
 17.0 
 
 13.0 
 
 
 
 
 7. »d IS 
 
 10/0 
 
 SO/0 
 
 21/0 
 
 ■»/fl i BSf'ii 1 'S4/4*i 
 
 2J ..« 
 
 Witt ' 21,12 
 
 ■221* 
 
 
 B7/I* 
 
 &/10J 
 
 .6,0 *' 
 
 19/0 
 
 
 
 
 7« a i 7. 
 
 10/6 
 
 
 •I/O 
 
 
 .81,11, 
 
 
 
 
 
 87/11* 
 
 29/5*' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 75 *d 76 
 
 S3/0 
 
 .,1/6 tt/Q 
 
 «•/« •' 2*/C 
 
 S5/I. • 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 81/» 1 27/0 
 
 
 
 19/0 
 
 10/10* 
 
 
 
 
 
 .. 
 
 
 
 w 
 
 ; 
 
 
 
 23* M.tt* 
 
 20/10 
 
 
 10/1* 
 
 '»/6 
 
 
 
 80 
 
 70 .nd.«0 
 
 Sl/O 
 
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 • 
 
 
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 ' 
 
 
 82/0* 
 
 1970* 
 
 
 
 
 
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 27 6| 1 -i. 
 
 S2/7, 
 
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 . 
 
 
 32 71 
 
 
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 >* rwd ■.!'.' .-:2-V 1 ffllf. 54,8 
 
 !S.il (."tf^^ ' 
 
 
 08/14 
 
 24 1* 
 
 8S*. 
 
 27/H | 30,4* 
 
 
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 oe/i 
 
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 23/71 
 
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 SCO 
 
 
 .2,1 
 
 •1/. 
 
 21 .J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 87/< ( 
 
 
 
 2. 3 
 
 
 
 SB/9 1 83/1* 
 
 33/4* 
 
 M,» 
 
 
 
 
 
 90 
 
 «y tm. I» fi.1/T, j M s 
 
 «7,10J 
 
 
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 87/4* 
 
 
 B/./10 
 
 
 
 
 
 VI ud N ' wo | 26/; j 28/6 
 
 • 08/4) 
 
 
 80/0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 86/1** 
 
 88/0 
 
 ss.iof 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
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 80/1 
 
 81/4 
 
 »«/»» «/» . 
 
 27/1* 
 
 
 
 81/1 
 
 86/11) 
 
 
 94/11 
 
 
 
 pa tad M 
 
 ' It 
 
 
 BlyiT 
 
 
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 L,97*ii.--> 44* 
 
 100 f. 
 
 
 
 31/101 . 
 
 -.- 
 
 •'•'', 
 
 36/11* 
 
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 .87/8 . 
 
 
 
 
 
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 47/10,] 
 
 ».u 
 
 »!,«» I »8,7 . sni| 1 M.'O | 07/101 t fj :) 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 08 
 
 99/*! 
 
 M/9 • 
 
 .| ».„. | W.«| 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10/10J 
 
 
 
 
 losud-y *7/« 
 
 
 ao/s • 
 
 
 
 
 SS/ll 67,10 
 
 80/2* 
 
 
 90/1* 
 
 
 
 
 
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 t «i/o 
 
 20 6 | 8fjO 
 
 
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 10/0 
 
 
 800 
 
 
 
 
 «o 
 
 ao.fl 
 
 
 »D 1 01AJ 
 
 
 ■ - ;*u i 
 
 43. 
 
 27JO 
 
 
 
 
 
 29/0 1 «V6 | ,S»V«J 
 
 pjudin.l-»ji»' ■- » 
 
 1479 
 
 jj»/, [jl/Uj 
 86/11 j u ., 
 
 
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 '«..■.( 
 
 M)i 
 
 
 
 
 
 (O/0 , «!.«. | S.l 
 
 
 89,"J t»/» j fflu .3,15 Sl.li 
 
 81/9 
 
 .87*, 1 41/3 
 
 42/» 
 
 
 28/0 1^^ 
 
 
 
 lITudlltl «0|» 1 89/1) J 88/9 
 
 80,4 
 
 -7 7 1 » (Jt j ,i :( j. M ,, j oj, 
 
 84'6 . 
 
 88.'.* 43.^* 
 
 14 1 
 
 40/6 
 
 2«,10* 80/0 
 
 
 
 120 , ,7) j 1.1 
 
 «n 
 
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 n/B* *3o 
 
 
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 1-1 
 
 
C4 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 SYKES & STREET, IMPORTERS. ~Z*+. 
 DYE STUFFS & CHEA\ICALS. 
 
 s ° 1E " f " St. Denis Dye Stuff & Chemical Co., Paris. 
 
 COEZ LANGLOIS & CO., HAVRE, FRANCE. SADLER & CO., MIDDLESBROUGH, ENGLAND. 
 35 INDIA STREET, BOSTON. 85 WATER STREET, NEW YORK. 43 NORTH FRONT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 L. B. LUITHLEW,^ — w. 
 
 CORNER TAYLiOR AtfD JASPER STREETS, 
 
 Between York and Cumberland, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 TELEPHONE CONNECTION..-— assssss^ 
 
 E. SEHLBHCH & CO., 
 
 *** 77 MILLIHM STREET, NEJfl£ YORK. 
 16 Hamilton St., Boston, 1 1 North Front St. Philadelphia, 161 Kinzie St., Chicago. 
 
 -SOLE IMPORTERS OF- 
 
 Alizarine t and * Aniline * Colors. 
 
 -MANUFACTURED BY- 
 
 "r Hudson River Aniline Color Works, f "• 
 
MWI VI. Ill- l.-l.l l-.Kl.V I "I llxril.K WORKERS. 
 
 63 
 
 WAGES OF WEAVERS ETC, IN HUDDERSFIELD ENGLAND. 
 
 [CONTINI EI) FROM PAGE SIXTY-THREE.] 
 
 Women 15 per cent, less for Woolens and Cotton Warp. 
 20 per cent for White Faced Worsteds, Mixtures and 
 
 Solid Colors. 
 25 per cent, less for Single White Worsteds. 
 15 per cent, less for 1 Beam Fancies. 
 Standard List for 2 Beam Fancies. 
 
 Dyers from 18 shillings to 24 shillings per week. 
 
 Peicers from 6 to 10 shillings per week. 
 
 Feeders 10 to 12 shillings per week. 
 
 Doffers, Little Spinners, | 6 to 12 shilliugs according 
 Box Tenders in Worsted, i to age and length of service. 
 
 COTTON HILLS OF BOHBAY PRESIDENCY. 
 
 Figures of 1866 So 1 878 from Government Records, and sine- then from Annual statements of the Bombay Mill Owner*' Associate 
 
 Yeaks Ending June 80. 
 
 1865 
 1873 
 
 187* 
 1879 
 1880 
 1881 
 1882 
 1883 
 1884 
 1 885 
 1886 
 1887 
 1888 
 1889 
 1890 
 189] 
 1892 
 1893 
 1894 
 
 Nl MI'.l-.K 
 OF 
 
 Mills. 
 
 13 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 42 
 42 
 49 
 51 
 60 
 68 
 70 
 75 
 73 
 76 
 89 
 87 
 88 
 92 
 '.17 
 
 Number 
 
 of 
 Spindles 
 
 (In Thousands.) 
 
 285 
 450 
 1,105 
 1,147 
 1,154 
 1,159 
 1,238 
 1,345 
 1,524 
 1,650 
 1,699 
 l,77:i 
 1,820 
 2,003 
 2,351 
 2,360 
 2,380 
 2,499 
 2,564 
 
 Number 
 
 of 
 Looms. 
 
 3,579 
 1,972 
 11,544 
 12,311 
 12,396 
 12,510 
 13,046 
 13,616 
 14,299 
 14,588 
 14,(>55 
 l 1,926 
 15,564 
 16,677 
 17.7.",;. 
 18,487 
 19,117 
 21,425 
 24,284 
 
 Cotton 
 
 Consi Ml. 1 1 
 
 (In Thousands 
 
 of Bales of 
 
 392 Founds. 
 
 Not recorded 
 75 
 232 
 213 
 258 
 312 
 3 1 5 
 354 
 413 
 466 
 180 
 542 
 5:i7 
 668 
 752 
 893 
 849 
 S3 7 
 873 
 
 Avek lge 
 Ni mi-.i 1 01 
 
 Hands 
 
 Employed 
 
 Daili . 
 
 7.:;.'. 7 
 12.217 
 31,670 
 34,482 
 35,060 
 37,028 
 37,567 
 40,977 
 I 1,900 
 51,426 
 54,179 
 5 1,715 
 59,199 
 65,586 
 73,209 
 78,121 
 79,951 
 83,965 
 89,315 
 
 Of the 97 mills at work September 1, 1894, in the Presidency, 67 are on the Island of Bombay and 30 in 
 
 the interior. In addition to the 97 mills at work in the Presidency, 2 were being built in the Island <<( Bombay. 
 The modern built mills have been doing well for several years. The consumption of Cotton lias increased .so per 
 cent, since 1886, and nearly 350 percent, since 1880. 
 
gg MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 pa 
 
 
 W « LIJ 2 ' 
 00 £J_] w 
 
 1.0 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 RZ 
 
 s 
 
 03 . 
 
 J3T3 
 
 
 -o a 
 
 
 /} 
 
 
 oS j 
 
 A 
 
 
 £5 
 
 
 
 1 oO 
 
 +3 
 
 (X @ w 
 
 00 
 W 
 
 £ O^ -ID 
 
 -+ JAMES TAYLOR,*^ 
 
 NEW AND SECOND-HAND 
 
 Knitting Machinery 
 
 835 ARCH STREET, 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, Pa. 
 
MAM \l OF liEFEUEXC'E OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 67 
 
 COTTON MILLS OF INDIA. 
 
 (From Annual Reports of "Bombay Mill <>ir,i 
 
 Association.") 
 
 Yeai; ending June 30th. 
 
 lsc, l 
 1874 
 1883 
 1884 
 1885 
 1887 
 1888 
 1-889 
 1890 
 1891 
 1892 
 1893 
 1894 
 
 *Inchrdiny 2 mills not completed^ 
 
 Number 
 
 of 
 Mills. 
 
 <>< 
 
 79 
 
 87 
 
 103 
 
 114 
 
 124 
 
 137 
 
 134 
 
 139 
 
 141 
 
 e 142 
 
 \l MBEK < > 1 
 
 Spindles. 
 
 338,000 
 .Mi:;, ooo 
 1,790,000 
 2,002,000 
 2,1 16,000 
 2,421,000 
 2,489,000 
 2,763,000 
 3,274,000 
 3,352,000 
 3,402,000 
 3,576,000 
 3,650,000 
 
 Estimated Consumption. 
 
 Per Annum 
 ( in Bales of 
 
 392 II is.) 
 
 C,.".,000 
 111, 000 
 
 457,000 
 531, ooo 
 597,000 
 726,000 
 787,000 
 889,000 
 ,008,000 
 ,179,000 
 ,166,000 
 
 ,171,000 
 
 ,222,000 
 
 Average per week 
 ( in Bales of 
 
 392 IK-..) 
 
 1,250 
 2,190 
 8,788 
 10,212 
 11,480 
 13,962 
 15,134 
 17.o;io 
 19,393 
 22,671 
 22,423 
 22,520 
 23,510 
 
 IMPORTS OF COTTON AND MANUFACTURES OF COTTON IN THE U. S. 
 
 The following is a statement of the imports of cotton and manufactures of cotton for the 12 months ending 
 with December, together with imports of the previous year: 
 
 QUANTITIES. 
 
 Twelve months ending 
 Dec. 31. 
 
 1894. 
 
 1893. 
 
 32,132,604 -10,116,019 
 
 Cotton and Manufacturers of— 
 
 Not bleached, dyed, colored, stained, painted or printed, 
 
 square yards 1,213,472 2,420,883 
 
 Bleached, dved, colored, stained, painted or printed, 
 
 square yards 30,919,132 37,695,136 
 
 Total square yards 
 
 Clothing, ready-made, and other wearing apparel, not in- 
 cluding knit goods 
 
 Knit goods: Stockings, hose, half hose, shirts, drawers, 
 and all goods made, fashioned or shaped on knitting 
 machines or frames, or knit by hand 
 
 Laces, edgings, embroideries, insertings, neck rufflings, 
 ruchings, trimmings, tuckings, lace window curtains, 
 and other similar tamboured article 
 
 Thread ( not on spools) yarn, warps, or warp yarn lbs. 
 
 All other 1,089,404 1,240,913 
 
 VALUES. 
 
 Twelve months ending 
 Dec. 31. 
 
 §98,973 
 
 3,724,896 
 
 $3,823,869 
 
 2,089,143 
 
 4,806,503 
 
 9,093,058 
 427,471 
 
 4,728,585 
 
 8194,032 
 
 4,911,830 
 
 §5,105,862 
 
 1,834,421 
 
 5,881,879 
 
 10,681,789 
 
 537,541 
 
 5.953,642 
 
 Total manufactures 
 
 $24,968,629 §29,995,134 
 
68 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OP TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 1benle\> & Sullivan, 
 
 © © © © 
 
 \0 
 
 ^^■—-49 Meetminster Street, <m established 
 
 ^^^s^-^r^y 
 
 MEN'S 
 
 SHOES 
 
 IS 
 
 ml 1812— Caleb Arnold, 21 North Main St. 
 
 [f($j 1862— Arnold & Sullivan, 54 North Main St. 
 
 Sjfjl 1878— Arnold, Sullivan & Henley, 15 N. Main St. 
 
 Wm\ 1887 — Arnold, Sullivan & Henley, 
 
 P^ 19 Westm lister Street. 
 
 Wffi 1889— Henley & Sullivan, 19 Westminster St. 
 
 .Providence, r. i. 
 
 CUSTOM ^ READY MADE. 
 
 © © © © 
 
 J. McCAUSLAND,^^ 
 
 paper Co$ Zuhes 
 
 * 
 
 -*^B° Dn — Of Every Description, 
 
 ttubes for Cone TOnoers. 
 
 0/^ 
 
 •^1-33 ■•• CHNHL ••• STREET,** 
 
 TELEPHONE CONNECTION. p,.^.}-,^,,, R , 
 
 J. E. & H. L. BROWN, 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 MACHINE •*• MADE 
 
 * MANILA PAPER COP TUBES, * 
 
 31 A\&tbewsop Street, 
 
 —PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OK TEXTILE WORKERS. 69 
 
 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF TEXTILE WORKERS 
 
 HELD IN MANCHESTER, ENG,, JULY 24-27, 1594. 
 
 It is not our duty to report in detail the many bright and happy speeches made by the 
 different delegates, nor the little details of business, but to extract from the official reports of 
 the delegates from the different countries showing the condition of employment and the rate 
 of wages paid in the several countries that our readers may be able to judge for themselves 
 and note from time to time that the textile workers gradually come to understand the 
 benefits of organization and utilize it as a gigantic lever to advance their interest and secure 
 a larger share of the product of their labor. 
 
 OPENING OF CONGRESS. 
 
 At the opening of the conference the chair was taken by Mr. David Holmes (Burnley), 
 president of the Legislative Council of the United Textile Operatives of Great Britain. 
 
 Mr. Holmes, in opening the proceedings, said he might be permitted, in the name of 
 the 150,000 textile workers in England, to give the delegates a hearty welcome to their city. 
 They felt that in inviting them to Manchester the result of their deliberations must be pro- 
 ductive of a much better understanding being arrived at between the English workers and 
 those in different parts of the world. It was suggested that a chairman from each nation- 
 ality should be appointed each day so long as the Congress might sit. It was also suggested 
 that votes should be taken by nationalities, and in order to proceed on those lines he asked 
 some one to nominate a chairman for that da)'. It had been suggested, in conjunction with 
 their foreign friends previously, that the Mayor of Roubaix, M. Carrette, should be the pre- 
 sident of the dav. — (Applause.) There would, he explained, be an English vice-chairman, 
 but it was thought that their foreign friends should have the honor of presiding each day 
 as far as possible. — (Hear, hear.) 
 
 Mr. Mawdsley then moved, and Mr. Allan Gee ( Iludderstield) seconded, that M. 
 Carrette be the president of the day. 
 
 The motion was carried unanimously, and M. Carrette took the chair, amid applause. 
 
 M. Carrette, speaking in French, said he thanked the Congress for the honor they 
 had conferred upon him in electing him chairman of that assembly, and assured the 
 delegates that he would do his best to maintain accord in their sittings. He believed he 
 was the faithful interpreter not only of the French delegation, but also of the Belgian, 
 Austrians, Danish and Dutch delegates present, in extending to the English organizers of 
 the Congress their most hearty thanks for the very cordial welcome given to them on the 
 previous dav the moment they reached the walls of the city. 
 
 The Congress verified the credentials of the delegates, and appoint as secretaries, 
 Messrs. W. H. Wilkinson and J. Mawdsley. 
 
 It was also voted that Mr. David Holmes be the vice-chairman for the week. 
 
70 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 The membership was declared as follows: 
 
 British 1 50,000 
 
 American 15,000 
 
 French 7)5°° 
 
 Austrian 3 ,000 
 
 Belgian 2 j5°° 
 
 Danish 500 
 
 Dutch 500 
 
 Total 1 79,000 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM THE BRITISH REPORT. 
 
 A report on the English cotton trade was presented by the Legislative Council of the 
 United Textile Operatives of Great Britain. It was signed by Mr. David Holmes, presi- 
 dent, and Mr. James Mawdsley, secretary, and was read by Mr. Holmes. The report was 
 as follows : — 
 Fellow Workers: 
 
 In the name of the United Textile Workers of Great Britain we extend to you a hearty 
 welcome to our shores. We trust that your stay amongst us may be pleasant to yourselves, 
 and that our united deliberations may be productive of great and lasting benefit to those 
 of our brethren who have delegated to us the duty of voicing their grievances and 
 aspirations. 
 
 The knowledge of the past successes is the best stimulent for our perservering in 
 demanding still further reforms. We have reduced our hours of toil from 72 to 56 1-2 
 hours per week. But we must not be content with this. Further prizes await us, and we 
 are now gathering our forces into line that we may press onward our demand for an Eight 
 Hour Day. • 
 
 Of this latter movement it would be difficult to say when and by 'whom it was first 
 
 started, that it has long been a desire of the workers may be inferred from the very old 
 
 couplet which has become a household saying in our land: — , 
 
 ''Eight hours work, eight hours play," 
 
 " Eight hours sleep, and eight shillings a day." 
 
 Claim has been put forward by would-be labor leaders, that they were the first to start 
 
 such an agitation some 14 years ago, but, although we do not advance any competing title, 
 
 we know the agitation dates much earlier than 1880. It is recorded that the cotton 
 
 spinners, who were afterwards joined by the rest of the Lancashire textile trades, set up an 
 
 agitation in 1833, for an eight hours day which was partly met by the enactment in 1847, of 
 
 the law which fixed the hours of women and young persons at ten per day. Although not 
 
 provided for under this Act of Parliament, all male adults participated to the full in the 
 
 benefits conferred, as they did under succeeding amendments of the Factory and Workshop 
 
 Act. For a short period of time this restriction of the hours to ten per day, had a pacifying 
 
 effect upon the operatives, but in 1867 we find them again renewing their demand for 
 
 shorter hours, and at a delegate meeting of textile workers held in February of that year a 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. <1 
 
 resolution was adopted "to agitate for such a measure of legislative restriction as shall 
 secure a uniform Eight Hours Bill in factories, exclusive of meal times, for adults, females, 
 and young persons, and that such Eight Hours Bill have for its foundation a restriction on 
 the moVing power." An unsuccessful attempt on the part of the Oldham Cotton Spinners, 
 in 1871, to establish a "Twelve o'clock Saturday," led to the formation, on June 6th, 1872, 
 of the United Textile Workers Association, under the then title of the "Factory Acts 
 Reform Association." With this organization, we at once set out on a campaign for a 54 
 hours week, and prosecuted the work with such celerity that in iS 74 we obtained the 
 passage into law of a Bill fixing the hours of women and young persons at 56 1-2 per week. 
 The following statistics showing the average wages earned in our respective districts 
 during the year 1833 and 1893 will illustrate our progress in this direction:— 
 
 L833. 1893. Increase 
 
 per week, per week. per cent. 
 
 S. (1. S. (1. 
 
 Card Boom— Strippers and G-rinders 14 •• 25 .. 4-1 
 
 " — Slubbirig Tenters ) (J 3 ] ~ ,; ■•! 491.4 
 
 u — Drawing Frame Tenters ) 19 <• •• j 
 
 22 6 .. 37 .. 39 1-4 
 
 Weavers — 2 Looms 
 
 -3 Looms 12 6 .. V? !! "i 281-2 
 
 Spinners . 
 
 -4 Looms X " " 21 ° 
 
 ' ' — (3 Looms .511) 
 
 Winders 9 6 •• 16 .. 40 1-2 
 
 Reduction. 
 
 Hours worked per week 72 . . nb 1-2 . . ~ l 1-- 
 
 From the above figures it will be seen that, whilst the working hours during the last 
 60 years have been reduced 21 1-2 per cent., the all round increase in wages during the 
 same period was over 40 per cent. 
 
 We have looked forward to this meeting in the hope that it may usher in a movement 
 for our mutual advantage, and that it may be the dawn of a brighter era for the Textile 
 Workers of the world. It is in this spirit that we again extend to each of you, and through 
 you, to the industrial arm}- you represent, the most cordial greetings of the United Textile 
 Operatives of Great Britain, on whose behalf we beg to subscribe ourselves. 
 Your fraternally, 
 
 On behalf of the Legislative Council, 
 
 DAVID HOLMES, President. 
 JAS. MAWDSLEY, Secretary. 
 
Compliments of 
 
 GLOBE MACMINE 
 WORKS. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 -Compliments of 
 
 CHAS. WEBB, 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 * BESW1CR & KAY, 
 
 MANTJFACTUREBS OF 
 
 WOOL and MERINO 
 YARNS. 
 
 o 
 
 FAIRMOUNT SPINNING MILLS, 
 
 25th and CALLOWHILL STREETS, - Philadelphia Pa. 
 
 Established 1830. 
 
 R. SERGESON & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds of 
 
 LOOM SHUTTLES, 
 
 Tulip and Palmer Streets, 
 
 Pbil&<delpb>»i Pa. 
 
 Compliments of 
 
 QUAKER CITY 
 
 DYE WORKS,. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 Compliments of * * * 
 
 H. M. HLLEN, 
 
 Philadelphia* Pa. 
 
 Joseph T. Pearson, 
 
 JAMES HUGHES. 
 
 JOHN RUSSUM. 
 
 HUGHES & RUSSUM, 
 
 MANUFACTURER OF 
 
 PACKING BOXES, 
 
 UNDERWEAR BOARDS, 
 LAPPING BOARDS, 
 
 HOSIERY BOARDS. 
 
 1815-21 Taylor Street, Kensington, -68-76 Winter Street, 
 German town, 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 Proprietor? 
 
 Mutual Machine Works, 
 
 t +Buiiders -of Looms, Beaming Machines, &c., 
 
 With all the Latest Improvements. 
 OXFORD and HEDGE STS., -- FRANKFORT, PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 Special attention given to repair work, which we will furnish 
 promptly and at reasonable prices. Orders by mail will 
 prompt attention. 
 
MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 73 
 
 LIST OF WAGES FOR DIFFERENT COUNTS: 
 
 Self-Acting Mule 2x600 Spindles. 
 
 Counts 
 
 Wages for 100 Kos. Francs. 
 
 Weekly Produce Kos 2100 
 
 15 
 
 Counts 
 
 Wages for 100 Kos. Francs.. 
 
 Weekly Produce Kos 
 
 5 
 3 1-2 
 
 16 
 8 1-2 
 
 6 
 3 3-4 
 
 1800 
 17 
 
 4 1-2 
 
 1500 
 
 5 
 1350 
 
 10 
 5 1-2 
 
 12 
 6 1-2 
 
 13 14 
 
 7 7 1-2 
 
 18 
 9 1-2 
 
 20 
 10 1-2 
 
 22 
 11 1-2 
 
 23 24 
 
 12 12 1-2 
 
 800 
 
 Self-Acting Mule 2x650 Spindles. 
 
 WEFT. 
 
 Counts 32 34 36 
 
 Wages per 100 Kos. francs 12 13 14 
 
 Produce in Kos. a week 250 225 200 
 
 2x 2x 2x 
 
 Counts 
 
 Wages per 100 Kos. francs . 
 Weekly produce in Kos... 
 
 19 24 28 
 
 7.5 9 1-2 10 1-2 
 
 370 300 270 
 
 2x 2x 2x 
 
 Average 
 Highest 
 
 l Spinner f28.00 : Small piecer f8,00 
 
 I Piecer fl6.00 : "Monteeder" f6,00 
 
 l Spinner f35.00 : Small piecer fl0,00 
 
 \ Piecer fl8.00 : "Monteeder" f8,00 
 
 EXTRACT FROM THE DUTCH REPORT. 
 
 CONDITION OF SPINNERS AND WEAVERS IN HOLLAND. 
 
 In Ameloo, a township of 15,000 inhabitants, no colored goods are manufactured, only 
 white or grey goods, as calicoes, cambrics, etc., and wages are even lower than in Hengeloo 
 or Enschede. And the employers' reasons for paying such low wa«-es are again foreign 
 competition, although their mills are here the largest in the country, each mill having from 
 400 to 1,040 power looms — in all 3,200 looms. For the same class of goods wages differ 
 according to the mill where one is working, one mill paying fr. 7, another fr. 6, fr. 5.50, or 
 even fr. 5 per week of 59 to 63 1-2 hours (5s iod, 5s, 4s jd, or even 4s yd). One of these 
 weavers, a first-class man, working on four looms, has made out a list showing his yearly 
 earnings for three consecutive years — 
 
 In 1 89 1 he earned fr. 368.69 (or £14 12s 8d). 
 In 1892 he earned fr. 3S4.50 (or £15 4s 9 i-2d). 
 In 1892 he earned fr. 358.20 (or £14 3s nd). 
 
 Nearly all weavers in grey or white goods are working on four looms, by themselves, 
 or aided by a boy. The average wage is from 5 to 6 francs per week (4s 2d to 5s). 
 
 Wages were about 2s 5d higher some 25 years ago (taking the produce into consider- 
 ation), and employers lower them more every year. This is not always done openly; they 
 cause their men to weave a greater number of yards than they pay for. 
 
74 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 m 
 
 The Oak dale Manufacturing Company. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS, PACKERS and EXPORTERS OF 
 
 Fancy Butterine, Butter, Oleomargarine and Lard. 
 
 156 to 176 So. Water 5t., Provi<Ier>ce, R. I., U. S. A. 
 
 ^ =a Bazs^^-«5Sss5B SE —- - ESTABLISHED 1830. 
 
 ■frPHENIX- IRON FOUNDRY, ^ 
 
 ••• ••• ••• PROVIDENCE, R. I. + + + 
 
 Ibeav^ ano Xigbt Castings, (Sreen ano E>n> Sano, HIso Xoom Morfc, 
 
 propeller Wbeels fIDaoe on Sbort motice, Brass (Bastings, IRolIs, Etc. 
 
 Copper Single plates ano IRolls. 
 
 nANUFACTURER5 OF 
 
 Calenders, Starch, Mangles, Calender Rolls of Paper, Cotton and Husk, Bleaching and 
 
 Dyeing Machinery, Printing Machines, Shafting, Pulleys, Gearing, Hydraulic 
 
 Presses, Tenter Drying Machines, Cloth Cutting Machines, Silk L,ace and Cotton 
 
 Finishing Machinery, and Sole Manufacturers of NAGLB POWER FMFD PUMP. 
 
 SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Acreage of Cotton in the United States, 
 
 Cotton Mills of Bombay, 
 
 Cotton Mills of India, 
 
 Cotton Manufacturing in Austria, 
 
 Cotton Consumption of the World, 
 
 Cotton Spindles in the U. S. by States, 
 
 Cotton Manufacturing in North Carolina, 
 
 Cotton Manufacturing in Japan, 
 
 Comparison of the Hours of Labor and Wages of 
 Textile Operatives of the World, 
 
 Earliest Cotton Mills, 
 
 Extract from the Report of the Textile Workers in 
 Austria, 
 
 Extract from the Report of the United Cotton Oper- 
 atives Trade Union of Ghent, 
 
 Extract from the Dutch Report, 
 
 General Executive Council, 
 
 Greeting. 
 
 Huddersfield, Eng., Weavers' Scale of Wages, 
 
 International Congress of Textile Workers, 
 
 Imports of Cotton, 
 
 Imports of Wool, 
 
 Knowles Loom Works, 
 
 Limits of Competition, 
 
 Matthew Hart, Portrait, 
 
 PAGE. 
 57 
 65 
 67 
 51 
 57 
 35 
 37 
 37 
 
 3 
 
 63-65 
 -70-71 
 67 
 59 
 21-23 
 25-27 
 
 PAGE 
 
 National Union of Textile Workers of America, £ 
 
 Number of Sheep in the U. S. by States, 
 
 Prices paid Gingham Weavers in New England, 
 
 Print Cloth, Highest and Lowest Price, 
 
 Philadelphia Power Loom Weavers' and Manufac- 
 turers' Scale of Wages, 
 
 Providence Weavers' Wage Scale, 
 
 Providence Loom-flxers' Wage Scale, 
 
 Richard McGuy, Portrait, 
 
 Rise and Fall of Wages in the Blackburn District, 
 
 Roster of Local Unions, 13-15-17-19 
 
 Scott & Williams, 39 
 
 Statistics of Cotton Manufacturing in the U. S. by 
 States, 31 
 
 Statistics of Wool in the United States, 
 
 Spindels in Oneration, 
 
 T. P. Cahill, Portrait, 
 " Sketch, 
 
 The World's Production of Wool, 
 
 The World's Wool Supply since 1870, 
 
 Weekly Quotation of Print Cloths and stock on 
 hand. 
 
 Weavers Earnings in Lancashire, 
 
 Woolen Cards and Worsted Combs in the U. S. by 
 States, 35 
 
 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS. 
 
 A. G. Hildreth & Co., 
 
 A. Hopkins & Co., 
 
 A. Klipstein & Co., 
 
 A. W. Allen, 
 
 American Cap, Tube and Spindle Works, 
 
 American Card Clothing Co., 
 
 American Stave & Cooperage Co., 
 
 Barney Ventilating Fan Co., 
 
 Branson Machine Co., 
 
 Beswick & Kay, 
 
 Brown & Ackroyd, 
 
 Browning, King & Co., 
 
 Burnham & Page, 
 
 Champion Sewing Machine Co., 
 
 Charles Ashoff, 
 
 Chas. F. Angell, 
 
 Chas. S. Bush Co., 
 
 Chas. Webb, 
 
 Chas. F. Taylor, 
 
 Charles Bond, 
 
 Callender, McAuslane & Troup Co., 
 
 Coburn Shuttle and Bobbing Co., 
 
 Crew Levick Co., 
 
 CromptoD Loom Works, 
 
 Curtis & Marble, 
 
 E. Frank Lewis, 
 
 E. Sehlbach & Co., 
 
 Emile Maertens, 
 
 Excelsior Loom Reed Works, 
 
 Fairmount Machine Company, Outside 
 
 Firth & Foster Bros., 
 
 Fiske Bro. Refining Co., 
 
 Fleischmann's Yeast, 
 
 Geo. J. Burkhardt's Sons, 
 
 George Draper & Sons, 
 
 Geo. C. Howard, 
 
 Geo. L. Gage, 
 
 Geo. V. Cresson Company, 
 
 Globe Worsted Mills, 
 
 Globe Machine Works, 
 
 H. W. Butterworth & Sons Co., Inside 
 
 H. W. Ladd & Co., 
 
 Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection Co., 
 
 Harway Dyewood and Extract Manufacturing 
 
 Haworth i Watson, 
 
 Henley & Sullivan, 
 
 Hope Webbing Co. 
 
 Hosmer, Codding & Co., 
 
 Howard Bros.' Manufacturing Co., 
 
 Insigner & Co., 
 
 J. A. & W. Bird & Co., 
 
 J. E. & H. L. Brown, 
 
 J. D. Lewis, 
 
 John J. Keller & Co., 
 
 J. McCausland, 
 
 42 
 Insert 
 44 
 6 
 12 
 52 
 40 
 Insert 
 16 
 22 
 
 Insert 
 58 
 
 26 
 
 56 
 back cover 
 11 
 22 
 34 
 40 
 
 46 
 
 Insert 
 
 Insert 
 back cover 
 
 Co., 
 
 68 
 Insert 
 
 James Taylor, 
 
 James Barker, 
 
 James Smith Woolen Machinery Company, 
 
 Jeremiah Clark, 
 
 Jerome Kennedy, 
 
 Jerome Kennedy & Co., 
 
 Jos. M. Bradley, 
 
 Joseph T. Pearson, 
 
 John M. Sharpless & Co., 
 
 Kitson Machine Co., 
 
 Knowles Loom Works, 
 
 L. Sprague & Co., 
 
 L. B. Luithlen, 
 
 L. Sjostrom & Son, 
 
 M. A. Furbush & Son, 
 
 M. D. Atkinson, 
 
 Merrimac Manufacturing Co., 
 
 Merrimac Chemical Co., 
 
 Moro Phillips Chemical Co., 
 
 Mutual Machine Works, 
 
 Nichols & Frost, 
 
 Oakdale Manufacturing Company, 
 
 Ph nix Iron Foundry, 
 
 Philip L. Voelker, 
 
 Philadelphia Packing Box Company, 
 
 Phillips & Kunhardt, 
 
 Providence Machine Co., 
 
 Quaker City Dye Works, 
 
 R. Greenwood ,V- Bault, 
 
 R. Sergeson & Co., 
 
 Held & Hughes, 
 
 Roessler * Hasslasher Chemical Co., 
 
 Sawyer, Maiming A Co., 
 
 Schoellkopf Aniline t t Chemical Company, 
 
 Schaum & Uhlinger, 
 
 Scott * Williams, 
 
 Stanley G. Flagg & Co., 
 
 Stanley & Co., 
 
 Sykes & Street, 
 
 Talbot Dyewood and Chemical Company, 
 
 The J. B. Barnaby ( o., 
 
 The Pomroy Coal Co., 
 
 The National Ring Traveler ( o.. 
 
 The Philadelphia Bobbin and Shuttle Co., 
 
 The Worcester Bleach and Dye Works Co., 
 
 Thomas Stewart, 
 
 Thomas Jackson. 
 
 Thomas Devlin & Co., 
 
 W. O. Talcott, 
 
 W. W. Hanna, 
 
 Wm. Pickhardt & Kuttroff, 
 
 Wm. Emsley & Bro., 
 
 Whitinsville Spinning Ring Co., 
 
 U. S. Aerophor Air Moistening and Ventilating Co 
 
 Yarn & Cloth, 
 
 PAOE. 
 66 
 58 
 76 
 
 62 
 54 
 54 
 
 Insert 
 
 Insert 
 
 50 
 
 10 
 
 Insert 
 
 74 
 66 
 62 
 16 
 26 
 
 Insert 
 46 
 
 Insert 
 62 
 34 
 32 
 30 
 Inside front cover 
 38-39 
 
76 
 
 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 
 
 GEO. V. CRE5S0N CO., 
 
 P0WER TR/[NSMITTIRB MAeHlNERY. 
 
 
 I8tb STREET ind ALLEGHANY ftVE., P HILADELPHIA. 
 
 James Smith Woolen Machinery Company 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 *WOOLEN MACHINERY.* 
 
 Burring t\uh'wry G&rding (Ikcbinery (j Spinning AUcrjinery 
 
 BCEEING CYLINDEES, 
 METALLIC BEEASTS FOE 
 
 CARDS, 
 METALLIC LICKEEINS. 
 BUEE PICKEES, 
 BUEEING AND MIXING 
 
 PICKEES 
 BUEEING MACHINES FOE 
 
 CARDS, 
 
 l .[' METALLIC SELF-STEIPPING 
 n FEED EOLLS. 
 
 WOOL CAEDS, WOESTED 
 CARDS. 
 
 SHODDY CARDS, 40, 48 and 60 in. 
 wide, with Metallic Breasts. 
 
 GABNETT MACHINES, 30, 36, 40, 
 48 and 60 in. wide, with Main 
 Cylinders 30 ins. diameter. 
 
 GAENETT MACHINES AND 
 CAED COMBINED. 
 
 IMPEOVED DOFFEE COMB. 
 
 ENGLISH SELF-OPEEATING 
 
 MULE. 
 AMERICAN SELF - OPERATING 
 
 MULE. 
 
 HAND JACKS, RING TWISTERS. 
 SPOOLING MACHINES. 
 DOUBLING MACHINES. 
 WARP SPOOLEES. 
 
 r\ C/"* I /"ITU I rVT/~w Metallic Toothed 
 
 KE^ LU I I! 1 1M U CYLINDERS and ROLLS 
 for Cotton, Wool and Worsted Cards; Feed Rolls, 
 
 GARNETT MACHINES, Burring Machines, 
 Lickerinas and Breasts for Cards. 
 
 411 to 421 RACE ST., Corner 
 CROWN STREET, 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PENN. 
 
Bleaching, Dyeing, Drying 
 
 I M I AND till 
 
 Finishing Machinery 
 
 I I I I FOR MM 
 
 Textile Fabrics. 
 
 Singeing Machines (Gas and Plate.) 
 Dyeing Machines (Single and Compartments.) 
 
 Drying Machines, with Copper and Tinned Iron Cylinders, and having Verti- 
 cal or Horizontal Frames. 
 Calenders. 
 Mangles. 
 
 Tentering Machines, with clamp or pin chain, of various patterns. 
 Hydraulic Presses. 
 
 LONG AND SHORT CHAIN SYSTEMS OF 
 
 WARP DYEING MACHINERY. 
 
 COMPLETE OUTFIT FURNISHED. 
 
 Boiling Machines, Dyeing Machines (Fancy,) Dyeing Machines (Indigo,) 
 
 Bleaching Machines, Doubling Machines, Splitting 
 
 Machines, Drying Machines. 
 
 *H. W. BUTTERWORTH & SONS COMPANY,* 
 
 PHILADELPHIA.