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 :map of 
 
 WINNEBAGO 
 
 COUNTY, ILL. 
 
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 REFERENCE 
 
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 T.43N 
 
/ 
 
 The HiSTOKY 
 
 OF 
 
 Winnebago Coumt, III 
 
 ITS 
 
 PAST AND PRESENT. 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 A History of the County — Its Cities, Towns, Etc., A Biographical 
 
 Directory of its Citizens, War Record of its Volunteers in 
 
 THE late Rebellion, Portraits of Early Sp:ttlers and 
 
 Prominent Men, General and Local Statistics, 
 
 History of the Northwest, History of Illinois, 
 
 Constitution of the United States, Map of 
 
 Winnebago County, Miscellaneous 
 
 Matters, Etc., Etc. 
 
 IIjXjXJSTI^^A-TEID 
 
 CHICAGO : 
 
 n. F. KETT & CO., COK. 5Tn Ave. anu Washincto.n St. 
 
 /' 1877. 
 
Preface. 
 
 Less than fifty years ago, the Rock River country, now so replete with all the more 
 advauced accomplishments of civilization and intelligence, was an unbroken and undis- 
 turbed Indian wild— the hunting grounds of that tribe of red men from whom the County 
 of Winnebago derives its name. The only, white man known to have had a home here, 
 previous to the Fall of 1834, was Stephen Mack, a son of Vermont, who, with that spirit 
 and love of adventure peculiarly characteristic of the pioneers of the Great West, appears 
 to have drifted into the valley of Rock River, and found a home within the limits of the 
 County of Winnebago, as early as 1829. Five years later, in the month of August, 1834, 
 two other sons of the Eastern States, Germanicus Kent and Thatcher Blake, born 
 and raised in almost adjoining states— Connecticut and Maine— but never knowing each 
 other uutil they met at Galena, both en route for the same objective point, anchored their 
 light canoe at the mouth of a small creek that now bears the name of one of these men, 
 (Kent,) and stepped ashore to consecu'ate the grove-besprinkled and tlower-bedecked prairies 
 to the uses of the white man. 
 
 The lapse of time in the intervening years since the date of these events, the changes 
 that have followed, have not been without their history: a history full of important events, 
 and fraught with interest to the sons and daughters of tiiose who followed in the footsteps 
 of Stki'hen Mack, Germanicus Kent and Thatcher Blake from the old homes in 
 the New England States to the haunts of the Winnebagoes, and whose energy, enterprise 
 and industry have made the fertile valleys, prairies and grove-covered hillsides of half a 
 century ago to abound with modern acquirements, intelligence, wealth and prosperity. 
 
 To preserve this history to the literature of the county, and thus hand it down to 
 posterity as a completing link in the history of that great country of which Winnebago 
 County IS an integral part, has been the object of this undertaking. And while the pub- 
 lishers do not arrogate to themselves a degree of accuracy beyond criticism, ihey hope to 
 . be found measurably correct iiiiheir compiJationjind arrangement of t he almost innumer- 
 able incidents that have been swallowed up in the Past, and that enter so largely into the 
 PiiESENT of the community in whose interest this volume is written. 
 
 Without the aid and assistance of the survivors of the pioneers of 1834-5, or of their 
 immediate descendants, and numerous notes from their carefully written and well preserved 
 diaries, our task would have been far more anluous and difticult. To the patriarchs of the 
 Past, who have so favored us, as well as to the representative men of the Present, we 
 tender our grateful acknowledgements. Among these we take especial pleasure in men- 
 tioning the names of Thatcher Blake (the only male survivor of the settlers of 1834), 
 James B. Martyn (of Belvidere), Thomas D. Robertson, Selden M. Church, Goodyear 
 A. Sanford, H. R. Enoch, Esq., Editor of the Rockford Journal, John H. Thurston and 
 A. I. Enoch, whose retentive memories have added largely to whatever of interest may be 
 accredited to this volume. 
 
 The undertaking of the publishers completed, it only remain^ for them to tender to 
 the people of Winnebago County in general their obligations and acknowledgements for 
 the uniform kindness and courtesy extended to them, and their representatives and agents, 
 during the preparation of these annals, as well as for their liberal patronage, without which 
 this history would have been left buried beneath the debris of time, unwritten and unpre- 
 served. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 II. F. Kett & Co., 
 
 CiiicAfJo, November, 1877. Puhlhhers. 
 
^ I 
 
 c 
 
 ONTENTS. 
 
 HI.STOKICAr. 
 
 Page. 
 History Northwest Territory.. 19 
 
 Geoj-T'iphical Position 19 
 
 Early Explorations 30 
 
 Discovery of the Ohio Zi 
 
 Enszlish Explorations and 
 
 Settlements 35 
 
 American Settlements fiO 
 
 Division of the Northwest 
 
 Territory 6G 
 
 Tecumseh and the War of 
 
 1812 ro 
 
 Blacli Hawli and the Black 
 
 Hawk War 74 
 
 Other Indian Troubles 79 
 
 Present Condition of the 
 
 Northwest 87 
 
 Illinois 99 
 
 Indiana 101 
 
 Iowa 102 
 
 Michigan 103 
 
 Wisconsin 104 
 
 Minnesota 106 
 
 Nebraska 107 
 
 Page. 
 
 History of Illinois 109 
 
 Coal. 12.') 
 
 Compact of 1787 117 
 
 Chicago 132 
 
 Early Discoveries 109 
 
 Early Settlements 11.5 
 
 Education 129 
 
 French Occupation 112 
 
 Genius of La Salle 113 
 
 Material Resources 124 
 
 Massacre at Ft. Dearborn, 141 
 
 Physical Features 121 
 
 Progress of Development,123 
 
 Eeliiiiou and Morals 128 
 
 War Record 130 
 
 History of Winnebago Co 221 
 
 Physical Geography 226 
 
 Geological Formations... 227 
 
 Economical Geology 231 
 
 Indian Antiquities 232 
 
 General History 2.34 
 
 .Vgricultural 285 
 
 War Record 310 
 
 Page. 
 
 History of Winnebago Co. 
 
 Old Settler's Association 349 
 
 River Improvements 354 
 
 Educational 3.54 
 
 Relisrious Interests 359 
 
 Court House.. 362 
 
 OtHcial Record 386 
 
 'Vote of County. -.394 and 395 
 Property Statement 896 
 
 History of Towns: 
 
 Argyle 454 
 
 Cherry Va'lley 443 
 
 Durand 451 
 
 Guilford 4.53 
 
 Harrison 453 
 
 Harlem '455 
 
 NewMilford 455 
 
 Pecatonica 439 
 
 Rocktord 399 
 
 Rockton 445 
 
 Roscoe 449 
 
 Shirland 454 
 
 Winnebago 430 
 
 Page. 
 
 Mouth of the Mississippi 21 
 
 Source of the Mississippi 21 
 
 Wild Prairie 23 
 
 La Salle Landing on the Shore 
 
 of Groen Bay 25 
 
 Buffalo Hunt. 27 
 
 Trapping 29 
 
 Hunting 32 
 
 Iroquois Chief 34 
 
 Pontiac, the Ottawa Chieftain. 43 
 Indians Attacking Frontiers- 
 men 56 
 
 A Prairie Storm 59 
 
 A Pioneer Dwelling 61 
 
 Breaking Prairie 63 
 
 Tecumseh, the Shawnoe Chief- 
 tain 69 
 
 I L,I.IJSTKATI09IK. 
 
 Page. 
 Indians Attacking a Stockade, 72 
 Black Hawk, the Sac Chieftain 75 
 
 Big Eagle 80 
 
 Captain Jack,the Modoc Chief- 
 tain 83 
 
 Kinzie House 85 
 
 VillaL;e Residence 86 
 
 A Representative Pioneer 87 
 
 Lincoln Monument, Spring- 
 field, 111 88 
 
 A Pioneer School House 89 
 
 Farm View in the Winter 90 
 
 Spring Scene 91 
 
 Pioneers' First Winter 92 
 
 Apple Harvest 94 
 
 Great Iron Bridge of C, R. I. 
 
 Page. 
 and P. R. R , Crossing the 
 Mississippi at Davenport, 
 
 Iowa 96 
 
 A Western Dwelling 100 
 
 Hunting Prairie Wolves in an 
 
 Early Day 108 
 
 Starved Rock, on the Illinois 
 
 River, La Salle Co., Ill 110 
 
 An Early Settleoient.. 116 
 
 Chicago in 1833 133 
 
 Old Fort Dearborn, 1830 136 
 
 Present Site Lake St. Bridge, 
 
 Chicago, 1833 136 
 
 Ruins of Chicago 142 
 
 View of the City of Chicago. .144 
 Shabboua 149 
 
 I.ITHO<>iRAI>HIC PORTRAITS. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Blake, Thatcher 147 
 
 Church, S. M... 219 
 
 Carpenter, Jno. H 307 
 
 Carpenter. Mary L..<r'. 387 
 
 Cross, R.J _.-. 317 
 
 Cochran, Geo. -<^.,,. 407 
 
 Campbell, David. t.. 609 
 
 Dunwell, C. A.....„ 347 
 
 Enoch, H. R..i<^. 183 
 
 Ferguson , Duncan . . i-fT. 467 
 
 French, Irvin...^.-;:?. 567 
 
 Page. 
 
 George, Sam pson k'^. 297 
 
 Hooker, Harley..;r^ 287 
 
 Herring, Jno. ...i^fT.r 417 
 
 Hollister, Geo. H 447^^ 
 
 Haskell, Geo J*. 4.57^ 
 
 Hussey. D. J...J<^. 505 
 
 Jones, J. P.....>-rr! 547 
 
 Keith, Lewis... UcTI 367 
 
 Lake, Jno ^-."'.^^ 397 
 
 Lowry, M. L ^t7. 577 
 
 Manny, Jno. P \-.<T 165 
 
 U^ 
 
 Page. 
 
 Patterson, A .^ 337 
 
 Perlev, Putnam.. trrTT. 437 
 
 Smith, A. E X^^cT. 201 
 
 Talcott, Wm...fcr.-d 237 
 
 Talcott, H. W....-!'': 247 
 
 Talcott, Wait 257 
 
 Talcott, Thos. B.. .&».«- 267 
 
 Talcott, Sylve6ter...<.,rtr-. ....277 
 
 Thompson, N. C l-rrrr....477 
 
 Vansickle, Jno i— rrrT....327 
 
 WIN>EB.\<;<» < OVXTY WAR RECORH. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Infantry 315 
 
 8th ...315 
 
 i;ih 315 
 
 1.5th .319 
 
 44th 320 
 
 4.5t^ 322 
 
 52d 324 
 
 55th 325 
 
 Infantry. 
 
 67th 
 
 74th 
 
 SlOth 
 
 141st. 
 
 Page. 
 
 .326 
 
 329 
 
 336 
 
 339 
 
 146th 339 
 
 147th 340 
 
 1.53d 341 
 
 Page. 
 
 Miscellaneous lufantrv 34.' 
 
 Cavalry " 343 
 
 8th 343 
 
 11th .., 344 
 
 12th 344 
 
 17th _ 345 
 
 Miscellaneous Cavalry 340 
 
 Artillery 346 
 
Yl 
 
 CONTENTS, 
 
 ni RECTORY. 
 
 Tage. 
 Burritt Township 581 
 
 Cherry Valley Township 539 
 
 Durand " 603 
 
 Guilford " 549 
 
 Harrison " 594 
 
 Harlem " 628 
 
 Page. 
 
 Laoua Township 682 
 
 New Milford Township 555 
 
 Owen " (i23 
 
 Pecatonica " 562 
 
 Rocklord City 456 
 
 Rockford Township 537 
 
 Page. 
 
 Rockton Township 652 
 
 Koscoe " 618 
 
 Seward " 573 
 
 Shirland " 663 
 
 Winnebago " 635 
 
 ABSTRACT 4»F ILLINOIS STATE LAWS- 
 
 Page. 
 
 Adoption of Children 160 
 
 Bills of Exchange and Prom- 
 issory Notes 151 
 
 County Courts 155 
 
 Conveyances 164 
 
 Church Organization 189 
 
 Descent 151 
 
 Deeds and Mortgages 157 
 
 Drainage 163 
 
 Damages from Trespass 169 
 
 Definition of Com'rcial Termel73 
 Exemptions from Forced Sale, 156 
 
 Estrays ...1.57 
 
 Fences 168 
 
 Forms : 
 
 Articles of Agreement 175 
 
 Bills ol Purchase 174 
 
 Bills of Sale 176 
 
 Forms: Page. 
 
 Bonds 176 
 
 Chattel Mortgages.. 177 
 
 Codicil 189 
 
 Lease of Farm and B'ld'gs,179 
 
 Lease of House 180 
 
 Landlord's Agreement 180 
 
 Notes 174 
 
 Notice Tenant to Quit... .181 
 
 Orders 174 
 
 Quitclaim Deed 185 
 
 Receipt 174 
 
 Real Estate Mortgage to 
 secure paym't of Money, 181 
 
 Release 186 
 
 Tenant's Agreement 180 
 
 Tenant's Notice to Quit. .181 
 
 Warniuty Deed 182 
 
 Will l-r 
 
 Page. 
 
 Game 158 
 
 Interest 151 
 
 Jurisdiction of Courts 1.54 
 
 Limitation of Action 155 
 
 Landlord and Tenant 169 
 
 Liens 172 
 
 Married Women 155 
 
 Millers .159 
 
 Marks and Brands 1.59 
 
 Paupers 164 
 
 Roads and Bridges 161 
 
 Surveyors and Surveys 160 
 
 Suggestion toPersons purchas- 
 ing Books by Subscription .190 
 
 Taxes 154 
 
 Wills and Estates 152 
 
 Weights and Measures 158 
 
 Wolf Scalps 164 
 
 ItllSCELLAlNEOUS. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Map of Winnebago Co Front. 
 
 Constitution ot United Staiesl92 
 
 Electors of President and 
 Vice-President, 1876 206 
 
 Practical Rules for every day 
 use ...207 
 
 U. S. Government Land Meas- 
 ure 210 
 
 Page. 
 
 Surveyors Measure 211 
 
 How to keep accounts 211 
 
 Interest Table 212 
 
 Miscellan(!ous Table 212 
 
 Names of the States of the 
 Union and their.. Significa- 
 tions.. 213 
 
 Population of the U. S._ 214 
 
 TOO LATES AHfD ERRATA. 
 
 Page. 
 Population of Fifty Principal 
 
 Cities of the U. S 214 
 
 Population and Area of the 
 
 United States 215 
 
 Population ol the Principal 
 
 Countries in the World 215 
 
 Population Illinois.... 216 & 217 
 Agricultural Productions of 
 
 Illinois by Counties 1870 ...218 
 668 
 
 Ottaw.w & Colbert, 
 
 PRINTERS, 
 
 147 & 149 Fifth Av., Chicago, III. 
 
The Northwest Territory. 
 
 GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION. 
 
 When the Northwestern Territory was ceded to the United States 
 by Virginia in 1784, it embraced only the territory lying between the 
 Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers, and north to the northern limits of the 
 United States. It coincided with the area now embraced in the States 
 of Ohio, Indiana, -Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and that portion of 
 Minnesota lying on the east side of the Mississippi River. The United 
 States itself at that period extended no farther west than the Mississippi 
 River; but by the purchase of Louisiana in 1803, the western boundary 
 of the United States was extended to the Rocky Mountains and the 
 Northern Pacific Ocean. The new territory thus added to the National 
 domain, and subsequently opened to settlement, has been called the 
 " New Northwest," in contradistinction from the old '' Northwestern 
 Territory." 
 
 In comparison with the old Northwest this is a territory of vast 
 magnitude. It includes an area of 1,887,850 square miles ; being greater 
 in extent than the united areas of all the Middle and Southern States, 
 including Texas. Out of this magnificent territory have been erected 
 eleven sovereign States and eight Territories, with an aggregate popula- 
 tion, at the present time, of 13,000,000 inhabitants, or nearly one third of 
 the entire population of the United States. 
 
 Its lakes are fresh-water seas, and the larger rivers of the continent 
 flow for a thousand miles through its rich alluvial valleys and far- 
 stretching prairies, more acres of which are arable and productive of the 
 highest percentage of the cereals than of any other area of like extent 
 on the globe. 
 
 For the last twenty years the increase of population in the North- 
 west has been about as three to one in any other portion of the United 
 States. 
 
 (19) 
 
20 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 EARLY EXPLORATIONS. 
 
 In the year 1541, DeSoto first saw the Great West in the New 
 World. He, however, penetrated no farther north than the 35th parallel 
 of latitude. The expedition resulted in his death and that of more than 
 half his army, the remainder of whom found their way to Cuba, thence 
 to Spain, in a famished and demoralized condition. DeSoto founded no 
 settlements, produced no results, and left no traces, unless it were that 
 he awakened the hostility of the red man against the white man, and 
 disheartened such as might desire to follow up the career of discovery 
 for better purposes. The French nation were eager and ready to seize 
 upon any news from this extensive domain, and were the first to profit by 
 DeSoto's defeat. Yet it was more than a century before any adventurer 
 took advantage of these discoveries. 
 
 In 1616, four years before the pilgrims " moored their bark on the 
 wild New England shore," Le Caron, a French Franciscan, had pene- 
 trated through the Iroquois and Wyandots (Hurons) to the streams which 
 run into Lake Huron ; and in 1634, two .lesuit missionaries founded the 
 first mission among the lake tribes. It was just one hundred years from 
 the discovery of the Mississippi by DeSoto (1541) until the Canadian 
 envoys met the savage nations of the Northwest at the Falls of St. Mary, 
 below the outlet of Lake Superior. This visit led to no permanent 
 result; yet it was not until 1659 that any of the adventurous far traders 
 attempted to spend a Winter in the frozen wilds about the great lakes, 
 nor was it until 1660 that a station was established upon their l)orders by 
 Mesnard, who perished in the woods a few months after. In 1665, Claude 
 Allouez l)uilt the earliest lasting habitation of the white man among the 
 Indians of the Northwest. In 1668, Claude Dablon and James Marquette 
 founded the mission of Sault Ste. Marie at the Falls of St. Mary, and two 
 3'ears afterward, Nicholas Perrot, as agent for M. Talon, Governor Gen- 
 eral of Canada, explored Lake Illinois (Michigan) as far south as the 
 present City of Chicago, and invited the Indian nations to meet him at a 
 grand council at Sault Ste. Marie the following Spring, where they were 
 taken under the protection of the king, and formal possession was taken 
 of the Northwest. This same year Marquette established a mission at 
 Point St. Ignatius, where was founded the old town of Michillimackinac. 
 
 During M. Talon's explorations and Marquette's residence at St. 
 Ignatius, they learned of a great river away to the west, and fancied 
 — as all others did then — that upon its fertile banks whole tribes of God's 
 children resided, to whom the sound of the Gospol had never come. 
 Filled with a wish to go and preach to them, and in compliance with a 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 21 
 
22 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 request of M. Talon, who earnestly desired to extend the domain of his 
 king, and to ascertain whether the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico 
 or the Pacific Ocean, Marquette with Joliet, as commander of the expe- 
 dition, prepared for the undertaking. 
 
 On the 13th of May, 1673, the explorers, accompanied by five assist- 
 ant French Canadians, set out from Mackinaw on their daring voyage of 
 discovery. The Indians, who gathered to witness their departure, were 
 astonished at the boldness of the undertaking, and endeavored to dissuade 
 them from their purpose by representing the tribes on the Mississippi as 
 exceedingly savage and cruel, and the river itself as full of all sorts of 
 frightful monsters ready to swallow them and their canoes together. But, 
 nothing daunted by these terrific descriptions, Marquette told them he 
 was willing not only to encounter all the perils of the unknown region 
 they were about to explore, but to lay down his life in a cause in which 
 the salvation of souls was involved ; and having prayed together they 
 separated. Coasting along the northern shore of Lake Michigan, the 
 adventurers entered Green Bay, and passed thence up the Fox River and 
 Lake Winnebago to a village of the Miamis and Kickapoos. Here Mar- 
 quette was delighted to find a beautiful cross planted in the middle of the 
 town ornamented with white skins, red girdles and bows and arrows, 
 which these good people had offered to the Great Manitou, or God, to 
 thank him for the pity he had bestowed on them during the Winter in 
 giving them an abundant " chase." This was the farthest outpost to 
 which Dablon and Allouez had extended their missionary labors the 
 3^ear previous. Here Marquette drank mineral waters and was instructed 
 in the secret of a root which cures the bite of the venomous rattlesnake. 
 He assembled the chiefs and old men of the village, and, pointing to 
 Joliet, said : " My friend is an envoy of France, to discover new coun- 
 tries, and I am an ambassador from God to enlighten them with the truths 
 of the Gospel." Two Miami guides were here furnished to conduct 
 them to the Wisconsin River, and they set out from the Lidian village on 
 the 10th of June, amidst a great crowd of natives who had assembled to 
 witness their departure into a region where no white man had ever yet 
 ventured. The guides, having conducted them across the portage, 
 returned. The explorers launched their canoes upon the Wisconsin, 
 which they descended to the Mississippi and proceeded down its unknown 
 waters. What emotions must have swelled their breasts as they struck 
 out into the broadening current and became conscious that they were 
 now upon the bosom of ths Father of Waters. The mystery was about 
 to be lifted from the long-sought river. The scenery in that locality is 
 beautiful, and on that delightful seventeenth of June must have been 
 clad in all its primeval loveliness as it had been adorned by the hand of 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITOEY. 
 
 23 
 
 Nature. Drifting rapidly, it is said that the bold bluffs on either hand 
 " reminded them of the castled shores of their own beautiful rivers of 
 France." By-and-by, as they drifted along, great herds of buffalo appeared 
 on the banks. On going to the heads of the valley they could see a 
 country of the greatest beauty and fertility, apparently destitute of inhab- 
 itants yet presenting the appearance of extensive manors, under the fas- 
 tidious cultivation of lordly proprietors. 
 
 THE WILD PKAIRIE. 
 
 On June 25, they went ashore and found some fresh traces of men upon 
 the sand, and a path which led to the prairie. The men remained in the 
 boat, and Marquette and Joliet followed the path till they discovered a 
 village on the banks of a river, and two other villages on a hill, within a 
 half league of the first, inhabited by Indians. They were received most 
 hospitably by these natives, who had never before seen a white person. 
 After remaining a few days tliey re-embarked and descended the river to 
 about latitude 33°, where they found a village of the Arkansas, and being 
 satisfied that the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, turned their course 
 
24 THE NORTHWEST TERTMTORY. 
 
 up the river, and ascending the stream to the mouth of the Illinois, 
 rowed up that stream to its source, and procured guides from that point 
 to the lakes. " Nowhere on this journey," says Marquette, ''did we see 
 such grounds, meadows, woods, stags, buffaloes, deer, wildcats, bustards, 
 swans, ducks, parroquets, and even beavers, as on the Illinois River." 
 The party, without loss or injury, reached Green Bay in September, and 
 reported their discovery — one of the most important of the age, but of 
 which no record was preserved save Marquette's, Joliet losing his by 
 the upsetting of his canoe on his way to Quebec. Afterward Marquette 
 returned to the Illinois Indians by their request, and ministered to them 
 until 1675. On the 18th of May, in that year, as he was passing the 
 mouth of a stream — going with his boatmen up Lake Michigan — he asked 
 to land at its mouth and celebrate Mass. Leaving his men with the canoe, 
 he retired a short distance and began his devotions. As much time 
 passed and he did not return, his men went in search of him, and found 
 him upon his knees, dead. He had peacefull}'- passed away while at 
 prayer. He was buried at this spot. Charlevoix, who visited the place 
 fifty years after, found the waters had retreated from the grave, leaving 
 the beloved missionary to repose in peace. The river has since been 
 called Marquette. 
 
 While Marquette and his companions were pursuing their labors in 
 the West, two men, differing widely from him and each other, were pre- 
 paring to follow in his footsteps and perfect the discoveries so well begun 
 by him. These were Robert de La Salle and Louis Hennepin. 
 
 After La Salle's return from the discovery of the Ohio River (see 
 the narrative elsewhere), he established himself again among the French 
 trading posts in Canada. Here he mused long upon the pet project of 
 those ages — a short way to China and the East, and was busily planning an 
 expedition up the great lakes, and so across the continent to the Pacific, 
 when Marquette returned from the Mississippi. At once the vigorous mind 
 of LaSalle received from his and his companions' stories the idea that by fol- 
 lowing the Great River northward, or by turning up some of the numerous 
 western tributaries, the object could easily be gained. He applied to 
 Frontenac, Governor General of Canada, and laid before him the plan, 
 dim but gigantic. Frontenac entered warmly into his plans, and saw that 
 LaSalle's idea to connect the great lakes by a chain of forts with the Gulf 
 of Mexico would bind the country so wonderfully together, give un- 
 measured power to France, and glory to himself, under whose adminis- 
 tration he earnestly hoped all would be realized. 
 
 LaSalle now repaired to France, laid his plans before the King, who 
 warmly approved of them, and made him a Chevalier. He also received 
 from all the noblemen the warmest wishes for his success. The Chev 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 25 
 
 alier returned to Canada, and busily entered upon his work. He at 
 once rebuilt Fort Frontenac and constructed the first ship to sail on 
 these fresh-water seas. On the 7th of August, 1679, having been joined 
 by Hennepin, he began his voyage in the Griffin up Lake Erie. He 
 passed over this lake, through the straits beyond, up Lake St. Clair and 
 into Huron. In this lake they encountered heavy storms. They were 
 some time at Michillimackinac, where LaSalle founded a fort, and passed 
 on to Green Bay, the " Bale des Puans " of the French, where he found 
 a large quantity of furs collected for him. He loaded the Griffin with 
 these, and placing her under the care of a pilot and fourteen sailors. 
 
 LA SALLE LANDING ON THE SHORE OP GEEEN BAY. 
 
 started her on her return voyage. The vessel was never afterward heard 
 of. He remained about these parts until early in the Winter, when, hear- 
 ing nothing from the Griffin, he collected all liis men — thirty working 
 men and three monks — and started again upon his great undertaking. 
 By a short portage they passed to the Illinois or Kankakee, called by 
 the Indians, " Theakeke," wolf^ because of the tribes of Indians called 
 by that name, commonly known as the Mahingans, dwelling there. The 
 French pronounced it Kiakiki, which became corrupted to Kankakee. 
 "Falling down the said river by easy journeys, the better to observe the 
 country," about the last of December they reached a village of the 
 Illinois Indians, containing some five hundred cabins, but at that moment 
 
26 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 no inhabitants. The Seur de LaSalle being in want of some breadstuffs, 
 took advantage of tlie absence of the Indians to help himself to a suffi- 
 ciency of maize, large quantities of which he found concealed in holes 
 under the wigwams. This village was situated near the present village 
 of Utica in LaSalle County, Illinois. The corn being securely stored, 
 the voyagers again betook themselves to the stream, and toward evening, 
 on the 4th day of January, 1680, they came into a lake which must have 
 been the lake of Peoria. This was called by the Indians Pim-i-te-wi, that 
 is, a place tvhere there are many fat beasts. Here the natives were met 
 with in large numbers, but they were gentle and kind, and having spent 
 some time with them, LaSalle determined to erect another fort in that 
 place, for he had heard rumors that some of the adjoining tribes were 
 trying to disturb the good feeling which existed, and some of his men 
 were disposed to complain, owing to the hardships and perils of the travel. 
 He called this fort " Orevecoeur'' (broken-heart), a name expressive of the 
 very natural sorrow and anxiety which the pretty certain loss of his ship, 
 Griffin, and his consequent impoverishment, the danger of hostility on the 
 part of the Indians, and of mutiny among his own men, might well cause 
 him. His fears were not entirely groundless. At one time poison was 
 placed in his food, but fortunately was discovered. 
 
 While building this fort, the Winter wore away, the prairies began to 
 look green, and LaSalle, despairing of any reinforcements, concluded to 
 return to Canada, raise new means and new men, and embark anew in 
 the enterprise. For this purpose he made Hennepin the leader of a party 
 to explore the head waters of tlie Mississippi, and he set out on his jour- 
 ney. This journey was accomplished with the aid of a few persons, and 
 was successfully made, though over an almost unknown route, and in a 
 bad season of the year. He safely reach'jd Canada, and set out again for 
 the ob;ect of his search. 
 
 Hennepin and his party left Fort Crevecceur on the last of February, 
 1680. When LaSalle reached this place on his return expedition, he 
 found the fort entirely deserted, and he was obliged to return again to 
 Canada. He embarked the third time, and succeeded. Seven days after 
 leaving the fort, Hennepin reached the Mississippi, and paddling up the 
 icy stream as best he could, reached no higher than the Wisconsin River 
 by the 11th of April. Here he and his followers were taken prisoners by a 
 band of Northern Indians, who treated them with great kindness. Hen- 
 nepin's comrades were Anthony Auguel and Michael Ako. On this voy- 
 age they found several beautiful lakes, and " saw some charming prairies."' 
 Their captors were the Isaute or Sauteurs, Chippewas, a tribe of the Sioux 
 nation, who took them up the river until about the first of May, when 
 they reached some falls, which Hennepin christened Falls of St. Anthony 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 27 
 
 in honor of bis patron saint. Here they took the land, and traveling 
 nearly two hundred miles to the nortliwest, brought them to their villages. 
 Here they were kept about three months, wei'o treated kindly by their 
 captors, and at the end of that time, were met by a band of Frenchmen, 
 
 BUFFALO HUNT. 
 
 headed by one Seur de Luth, who, in pursuit of trade and game, had pene- 
 trated thus far by the route of Lake Superior ; and with these fellow- 
 countrymen Hennepin and his companions were allowed to return to the 
 borders of civilized life in November, 1680, just after LaSalle had 
 returned to the wilderness on his second trip. Hennepin soon after went 
 to France, where he published an account of his adventures. 
 
28 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 The Mississippi was first discovered by De Soto in April, 1541, in his 
 vain endeavor to find gold and precious gems. In the following Spring, 
 De Soto, weary with hope long deferred, and worn out with his wander- 
 ings, he fell a victim to disease, and on the 21st of May died. His followers, 
 reduced by fatigue and disease to less than three hundred men, wandered 
 about the country nearly a year, in the vain endeavor to rescue them- 
 selves by land, and finally constructed seven small vessels, called brigan- 
 tines, in which they embarked, and descending the river, supposing it 
 would lead them to the sea, in July they came to the sea (Gulf of 
 Mexico), and by September reached the Island of Cuba. 
 
 They were the first to see the great outlet of the Mississippi ; but, 
 being so weary and discouraged, made no attempt to claim the country, 
 and hardly had an intelligent idea of what they had passed through. 
 
 To La Salle, the intrepid explorer, belongs the honor of giving the 
 first account of the mouths of the river. His great desire was to possess 
 this entire country for his king, and in January, 1682, he and his band of 
 explorers left the shores of Lake Michigan on their third attempt, crossed 
 the portage, passed down the Illinois River, and on the 6th of February, 
 reached the banks of tlie Mississippi. 
 
 On the 13th they commenced their downward course, which they 
 pursued with but one interruption, until upon the 6th of March they dis- 
 covered tlie three great passages by which the river discharges its waters 
 into the gulf. La Salle tlius narrates the event: 
 
 " We landed on the bank nf the most western channel, about three 
 leagues (nine miles) from its mouth. On the seventh, M. de LaSalle 
 went to reconnoiter the shores of the neighboring sea, and M. de Tonti 
 meanwhile examined the great middle channel. They found the main 
 outlets beautiful, large and deep. On the 8th we reascended the river, a 
 little above its confluence with the sea, to find a dry place beyond the 
 re^ch of inundations. The elevation of the North Pole was here about 
 twenty-seven degrees. Here we prepared a column and a cross, and to 
 the column were affixed the arms of France with this inscription : 
 
 Louis Le Grand, Roi De France et de Navarre, regne ; Le neuvieme Avril, 16S2. 
 
 The whole party, under arms, chanted the Te Beum^ and then, after 
 a salute and cries of " Vive le Roi^''' the column was erected by M. de 
 LaSalle, who, standing near it, proclaimed in a loud voice the authority of 
 the King of France. LaSalle returned and laid the foundations of the Mis- 
 sissippi settlements in Illinois, thence he proceeded to France, where 
 another expedition was fitted out, of which he was commander, and in two 
 succeeding voyages failed to find the outlet of the river by sailing along 
 the shore of the gulf. On his third voyage he was killed, through the 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 29 
 
 treachery of his followers, and the object of his expeditions was not 
 accomplished until 1699, when D'Iberville, under the authority of the 
 crown, discovered, on the second of March, by way of the sea, the mouth 
 of the " Hidden River." This majestic stream was called by the natives 
 '■'■ MalboucJua,'" and by the Spaniards, '■'■la Palissade" from the great 
 
 
 ^^^^'-^"S^i 
 
 TRAPPING. 
 
 number of trees about its mouth. After traversing the several outlets, 
 and satisfying himself as to its certainty, he erected a fort near its 
 western outlet, and returned to France. 
 
 An avenue of trade was now opened out which was fully improved. 
 In 1718, New Orleans was laid out and settled by some European colon- 
 ists. In 1762, the colony was made over to Spain, to be regained by 
 France under the consulate of Napoleon. In 1803, it was purchased by 
 
30 THE NOBTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 the United States for the sum of fifteen million dollars, and the territory 
 of Louisiana and commerce of the Mississippi River came under the 
 charge of the United States. Although LaSalle's labors ended in defeat 
 and death, he had not \yorked and suffered in vain. He had thrown 
 open to France and the world an immense and most valuable country ; 
 had established several ports, and laid the foundations of more than one 
 settlement there. " Peoria, Kaskaskia and Cahokia, are to this day monu- 
 ments of LaSalle's labors ; for, though he had founded neither of them 
 (unless Peoria, which was built nearly upon the site of Fort Crevecoeur,) 
 it was by those whom he led into the West that these places were 
 peopled and civilized. He was, if not the discoverer, the first settler of 
 the Mississippi Valley, and as such deserves to be known and honored." 
 
 The French early improved the opening made for them. Before the 
 year 1698, the Rev. Father Gravier began a mission among the Illinois, 
 and founded Kaskaskia. For some time this was merely a missionary 
 station, where none but natives resided, it being one of three such vil- 
 lages, the other two being Cahokia and Peoria. What is known of 
 these missions is learned from a letter written by Father Gabriel Marest, 
 dated " Aux Cascaskias, autrement dit de I'lmmaculate Conception de 
 la Sainte Vierge, le 9 Noverabre, 1712." Soon after the founding of 
 Kaskaskia, the missionary, Pinet, gathered a flock at Cahokia, while 
 Peoria arose near the ruins of Fort Crevecceur. This must have been 
 about the year 1700. The post at Vincennes on the Oubache river, 
 (pronounced Wa-ba, meaning summer cloud moving sioiftly) was estab- 
 lished in 1702, according to the best authorities.* It is altogether prob- 
 able that on LaSalle's last trip he established the stations at Kaskaskia 
 and Cahokia. In July, 1701, the foundations of Fort Ponchartrain 
 were laid by De la Motte Cadillac on the Detroit River. These sta- 
 tions, with those established further north, were the earliest attempts to 
 occupy the Northwest Territory. At the same time efforts were being 
 made to occupy the Southwest, which finally culminated in the settle- 
 ment and founding of the City of New Orleans by a colony from England 
 in 1718. This was mainly accomplished through the efforts of the 
 famous Mississippi Company, established by the notorious John Law, 
 who so quickly arose into prominence in France, and who with his 
 scheme so quickly and so ignominiously passed away. 
 
 From the time of the founding of these stations for fifty years the 
 French nation were engrossed with the settlement of the lower Missis- 
 sippi, and the war with the Chicasaws, who had, in revenge for repeated 
 
 * There Is considerable dispute about tliis date, some asserting it was founded as late as 1742. When 
 the new court house at Vincennes was erected, all authorities on the subject were carefully examined, and 
 1702 fixed upon as the correct date. It was accordingly engraved on the corner-stone of the court lionso. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 31 
 
 injuries, cut off the entire colony at Natchez, Although the company 
 did little for Louisiana, as the entire West was then called, yet it opened 
 the trade through the Mississippi River, and started the raising of grains 
 indigenous to that climate. Until the year 1750, but little is known of 
 the settlements in the Northwest, as it was not until this time that the 
 attention of the English was called to the occupation of this portion of the 
 New World, M^iich they then supposed they owned. Vivier, a missionary 
 among the Illinois, writing from ■•' Aux Illinois," six leagues from Fort 
 Chartres, June 8, 1750, says: "We have here whites, negroes and 
 Indians, to say nothing of cross-breeds. There are five French villages, 
 and three villages of the natives, within a space of twenty-one leagues 
 situated between the JNIississippi and another river called the Karkadaid 
 (Kaskaskias). In the five French villages are, perhaps, eleven hundred 
 whiles, three hundred blacks and some sixty red slaves or savages. The 
 three Illinois towns do not contain more than eight hundred souls all 
 told. Most of the French till the soil; they raise wheat, cattle, pigs and 
 horses, and live like princes. Three times as much is produced as can 
 be consumed ; and great quantities of grain and flour are sent to New 
 Orleans." This city was now the seaport town of the Northwest, and 
 save in the extreme northern part, where only furs and copper ore were 
 found, almost all the products of the country found their way to France 
 by the mouth of the Father of Waters. In another letter, dated Novem- 
 ber 7, 1750, this same priest says : " For fifteen leagues above the 
 mouth of the Mississippi one sees no dwellings, the ground being too low 
 to be habitable. Thence to New Orleans, the lands are only partially 
 occupied. New Orleans contains black, white and red, not more, I 
 think, than twelve hundred persons. To this point come all lumber, 
 ])ricks, salt-beef, tallow, tar, skins and bear's grease ; and above all, pork 
 and flour from the Illinois. These things create some commerce, as forty 
 vessels and more have come hither this year. Above New Orleans, 
 plantations are again met with ; the most considerable is a colony of 
 Germans, some ten leagues up the river. At Point Coupee, thirty -five 
 leagues above the German settlement, is a fort. Along here, within five 
 or six leagues, are not less than sixty habitations. Fifty leagues farther 
 up is the Natchez post, where we have a garrison, who are kept prisoners 
 tlirough fear of the Chickasaws. Here and at Point Coupee, they raise 
 excellent tobacco. Another hundred leagues brings us to the Arkansas, 
 where we have also a fort and a garrison for the benefit of the river 
 traders. * * * From the Arkansas to the Illinois, nearly five hundred 
 leagues, there is not a settlement. There should be, however, a fort at 
 the Oubache (Ohio), the only path by which the English can reach the 
 Mississippi. In the Illinois country are numberless mines, but no one to 
 
32 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 work them as tliey deserve." Father Marest, writing from the post at 
 Vincennes in 181 2, makes the same observation. Vivier also says : " Some 
 individuals dig lead near the surface and supply the Indians and Canada. 
 Two Spaniards now here, who claim to be adepts, say that our mines are 
 like those of Mexico, and that if we would dig deeper, we should find 
 silver under the lead ; and at any rate the lead is excellent. There is also 
 in this country, beyond doubt, copper ore, as from time to time large 
 pieces are found in the streams." 
 
 r^r^U^^^' 
 
 HUNTING. 
 
 At the close of the year 1750, the French occupied, in addition to the 
 lower MississijDpi posts and those in Illinois, one at Du Quesne, one at 
 the Maumee in the country of the Miamis, and one at Sandusky in what 
 may be termed the Oliio Valley. In the northern part of the Northwest 
 they had stations at St. Joseph's on the St. Joseph's of Lake Michigan, 
 at Fort Ponchartrain (Detroit), at Michillimackanac or Massillimacanac, 
 Fox River of Green Bay, and at Sault Ste. Marie. The fondest dreams of 
 LaSalle were now fully realized. The French alone were possessors of 
 this vast realm, basing their claim on discovery and settlement. Another 
 nation, however, was now turning its attention to this extensive country, 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. S3 
 
 and hearing of its wealth, began to lay plans for occupying it and for 
 securing the great profits arising therefrom. 
 
 The French, however, had another claim to this country, namely, the 
 
 DISCOVERY OF THE OHIO. 
 
 This " Beautiful" river was discovered by Robert Cavalier de La- 
 Salle in 1669, four years before the discovery of the Mississippi by Joliet 
 and Marquette. 
 
 While LaSalle was at his trading post on the St. Lawrence, he found 
 leisure to study nine Indian dialects, the chief of which was the Iroquois. 
 He not only desired to facilitate his intercourse in trade, but he longed 
 to travel and explore the unknown regions of the West. An incident 
 soon occurred which decided him to fit out an exploring expedition. 
 
 While conversing with some Senecas, he learned of a river called the 
 Ohio, which rose in their country and flowed to the sea, but at such a 
 distance that it required eight months to reach its mouth. In this state- 
 ment the Mississippi and its tributaries were considered as one stream. 
 LaSalle believing, as most of the French at that period did, that the great 
 rivers flowing west emptied into the Sea of California, was anxious to 
 embark in tlie enterprise of discovering a route across the continent to 
 the commerce of China and Japan. 
 
 He repaired at once to Quebec to obtain the approval of the Gov- 
 ernor. His eloquent appeal prevailed. The Governor and the Intendant, 
 Talon, issued letters patent authorizing the enterprise, but made no pro- 
 vision to defray the expenses. At this juncture the seminary of St. Sul- 
 pice decided to send out missionaries in connection with the expedition, 
 and LaSalle offering to sell his improvements at LaChine to raise money, 
 the offer was accepted by the Superior, and two thousand eight hundred 
 dollars were raised, with which LaSalle purchased four canoes and the 
 necessary supplies for the outfit. 
 
 On the 6th of July, 1669, the party, numbering twenty-four persons, 
 embarked in seven canoes on the St. Lawrence ; two additional canoes 
 carried the Indian guides. In three days they were gliding over the 
 bosom of Lake Ontario. Their guides conducted them directly to the 
 Seneca village on the bank of the Genesee, in the vicinity of the present 
 City of Rochester, New York. Here they expected to procure guides to 
 conduct them to the Ohio, but in this they were disappointed. 
 
 The Indians seemed unfriendly to the enterprise. LaSalle suspected 
 that the Jesuits had prejudiced their minds against his plans. After 
 waiting a month in the hope of gaining their object, they met an Indian 
 
84 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 from the Iroquois colony at the head of Lake Ontario, who assured them 
 that they could there find guides, and offered to conduct them thence. 
 
 On their way they passed the mouth of the Niagara River, when they 
 heard for the first time the distant thunder of the cataract. Arriving 
 
 '^•^oSc 
 
 IKOyUOlS OUlJfiJ?.- 
 
 among the Iroquois, they met with a friendly reception, and learned 
 from a Shawanee prisoner that they could reach the Ohio in six weeks. 
 Delighted with the unexpected good fortune, they made ready to resume 
 their journej^ ; but just as they were about to start the}^ heard of the 
 arrival of two Frenchmen in a neighboring village. One of them proved 
 to be Louis Joliet, afterwards famous as an explorer in the West. He 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 35 
 
 had been sent by the Canadian Government to explore the copper mines 
 on Lake Superior, but had failed, and was on his way back to Quebec. 
 He gave the missionaries a map of the country he had explored in the 
 lake region, together with an account of the condition of the Indians in 
 that quarter. This induced the priests to determine on leaving the 
 expedition and going to Lake Superior. LaSalle warned them that the 
 Jesuits were probably occupying that field, and that they would meet 
 with a cold reception. Nevertheless they persisted in their purpose, and 
 after worship on the lake shore, parted from LaSalle. On arriving at 
 Lake Superior, they found, as LaSalle had predicted, the Jesuit Fathers, 
 Marquette and Dablon, occupying the field. 
 
 These zealous disciples of Loyola informed them that they wanted 
 no assistance from St. Sulpice, nor from those who made him their patron 
 saint ; and thus repulsed, they returned to Montreal the following June 
 without having made a siaigle discovery or converted a single Indian. 
 
 After parting with the priests, LaSalle went to the chief Iroquois 
 village at Onondaga, where he obtained guides, and passing thence to a 
 tributary of the Ohio south of Lake Erie, he descended the latter as far 
 as the falls at Louisville. Thus was the Ohio discovered by LaSalle, the 
 persevering and successful French explorer of the West, in 1669. 
 
 The account of the latter part of his journey is found in an anony- 
 mous paper, which purports to have been taken from the lips of LaSalle 
 himself during a subsequent visit to Paris. In a letter written to Count 
 Frontenac in 1667, shortly after the discovery, he himself says that he 
 discovered the Ohio and descended it to the falls. This was regarded as 
 an indisputable fact by the French authorities, who claimed the Ohio 
 Valley upon another ground. When Washington was sent by the colony 
 of Virginia in 1753, to demand of Gordeur de St. Pierre why the French 
 had built a fort on the Monongahela, the haughty commandant at Quebec 
 replied : " We claim the country on the Ohio by virtue of the discoveries 
 of LaSalle, and will not give it up to the English. Our orders are to 
 make prisoners of every Englishman found trading in the Ohio Valley." 
 
 ENGLISH EXPLORATIONS AND SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 When the new year of 1750 broke in upon the Father of Waters 
 and the Great Northwest, all was still wild save at the French posts 
 already described. In 1749, when the English first began to think seri- 
 ously about sending men into the West, the greater portion of the States 
 of Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota were yet 
 under the dominion of the red men. The English knew, however, pretty 
 
36 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 conclusively of the nature of the wealth of these wilds. As early as 
 1710, Governor Spotswood, of Virginia, had commenced movements to 
 secure the country west of the Alleghenies to the English crown. In 
 Pennsylvania, Governor Keith and James Logan, secretary of the prov- 
 ince, from 1719 to 1731, represented to the powers of England the neces- 
 sity of securing the Western lands. Nothing was done, however, by that 
 power save to take some diplomatic steps to secure the claims of Britain 
 to this unexplored wilderness. 
 
 England had from the outset claimed from the Atlantic to the Pacific, 
 on the ground that the discovery of the seacoast and its possession was a 
 discovery and possession of the country, and, as is well known, her grants 
 to the colonies extended " from sea to sea." This was not all her claim. 
 She had purchased from the Indian tribes large tracts of land. This lat- 
 ter was also a strong argument. As early as 1684, Lord H oward. Gov- 
 ernor of Virginia, held a treaty with the six nations. These were the 
 great Northern Confederacy, and comprised at first the Mohawks, Onei- 
 das, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas. Afterward the Tuscaroras were 
 taken into the confederacy, and it became known as the Six Nations. 
 They came under the protection of the mother country, and again in 
 1701, they repeated the agreement, and in September, 1726, a formal deed 
 was drawn up and signed by the chiefs. The validity of this claim has 
 often been disputed, but never successfully. In 1744, a purchase was 
 made at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, of certain lands within the " Colony of 
 Virginia," for which the Indians received .£200 in gold and a like sum in 
 goods, with a promise that, as settlements increased, more should be paid. 
 The Commissioners from Virginia were Colonel Thomas Lee and Colonel 
 William Beverly. As settlements extended, the promise of more pay was 
 called to mind, and Mr. Conrad Weiser was sent across the mountains with 
 presents to appease the savages. Col. Lee, and some Virginians accompa- 
 nied him with the intention of sounding the Indians upon their feelings 
 regarding the English. They were not satisfied with their treatment, 
 and plainly told the Commissioners why. The English did not desire the 
 cultivation of the country, but the monopoly of the Indian trade. In 
 1748, the Ohio Company was formed, and petitioned the king for a grant 
 of land beyond the Alleghenies. This was granted, and the government 
 of Virginia was ordered to grant to them a half million acres, two hun- 
 dred thousand of which were to be located at once. Upon the 12th of 
 June, 1749, 800,000 acres from the line of Canada north and west was 
 made to the Loj-al Company, and on the 29th of October, 1751, 100,000 
 acres were given to the Greenbriar Company. All this time the French 
 were not idle. They saw that, should the British gam a foothold in the 
 West, especially upon the Ohio, they might not only prevent the French 
 
 J 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 37 
 
 settling upon it, but in time would come to the lower posts and so gain 
 possession of the whole country. Upon the 10th of May, 1774, Vaud- 
 reuil, Governor of Canada and the French possessions, well knowing the 
 consequences that must arise from allowing the English to build trading- 
 posts in the Northwest, seized some of their frontier posts, and to further 
 secure the claim of the French to the West, he, in 1749, sent Louis Cel- 
 eron with a party of soldiers to plant along the Ohio River, in the mounds 
 and at the mouths of its principal tributaries, plates of lead, on which 
 were inscribed the claims of France. These were heard of in 1752, and 
 within the memory of residents now living along the "• Oyo," as the 
 beautiful river was called by the French. One of these plates was found 
 with the inscription partly defaced. It bears date August 16, 1749, and 
 a copy of the inscription with particular account of the discovery of the 
 plate, was sent by DeWitt Clinton to the American Antiquarian Society, 
 among whose journals it may now be found.* These measures did not, 
 however, deter the English from going on with their explorations, and ■* 
 though neither party resorted to arms, yet the conflict was gathering, and 
 it was only a question of time when the storm would burst upon the 
 frontier settlements. In 1750, Christopher Gist was sent by the Ohio 
 Company to examine its lands. He went to a village of the Twigtwees, 
 on the Miami, about one liundred and fifty miles above its mouth. He 
 afterward spoke of it as very populous. From there he went down 
 the Ohio River nearly to the falls at the present City of Louisville, 
 and in November he commenced a survey of the Company's lands. Dur- 
 ing the Winter, General Andrew Lewis performed a similar work for the 
 Greenbriar Company. Meanwhile the French were busy in preparing 
 their forts for defense, and in opening roads, and also sent a small party 
 of soldiers to keep the Oliio clear. This party, having heard of the Eng- 
 lish post on the Miami River, early in 1652, assisted by the Ottawas and 
 Chippewas, attacked it, and, after a severe battle, in which fourteen of 
 the natives were killed and others wounded, captured the garrison. 
 (They were probably garrisoned in a block house). The traders were 
 carried away to Canada, and one account says several were burned. This 
 fort or post was called by the English Pickawillany. A memorial of the 
 king's ministers refers to it as " Pickawillanes, in the center of the terri- 
 tory between the Ohio and the Wabash. The name is probal)ly some 
 variation of Pickaway or Picqua in 1773, written by Rev. David Jones 
 Pickaweke." 
 
 * Tlie following is a translation of the inscription on the plate: "In the year 1749. reign of Louis XV., 
 King of France, we, Celeron, commandant of a detachment by Monsieur the Marquis of Gallisoniere, com- 
 mander-in-chief of New France, to establish tranquility in certain Indian villages of these cantons, have 
 buried this plate at the confluence of the Toradakoin, this twenty- ninth of July, near the river Ohio, otherwise 
 Beautiful River, as a monument of renewal of possession which we have taken of the said river, and all its 
 tributaries; inasmuch as the preceding Kings of France have enjoyed it, and maintained it by their arms and 
 treaties; especially by those of Ryswick, Utrecht, and Aix La Chapelle." 
 
88 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 This was the first blood shed between the French and English, and 
 occurred near the present City of Piqua, Ohio, or at least at a point about 
 forty-seven miles north of Dayton. Each nation became now more inter- 
 ested in the progress of events in the Northwest. The English deter- 
 mined to innchase from the Indians a title to the lands they wished to 
 occupy, and Messrs. Fry (afterward Commander-in-chief over Washing- 
 ton at the commencement of the French War of 1775-1763), Lomax and. 
 Patton were sent in the Spring of 1752 to hold a conference with the 
 natives at Logstown to learn what they objected to in the treaty of Lan- 
 caster already noticed, and to settle all difficulties. On the 9th of June, 
 these Commissioners met the red men at Logstown, a little village on the 
 north bank of the Ohio, about seventeen miles below the site of Pitts- 
 burgh. Here had been a trading point for many years, but it was aban- 
 doned by the Indians in 1750, At first the Indians declined to recognize 
 the treaty of Lancaster, but, the Commissioners taking aside Montour, 
 the interpreter, who was a son of the famous Catharine Montour, and a 
 chief among the six nations, induced him to use his influence in their 
 favor. This he did, and upon the 13th of June they all united in signing 
 a deed, confirming the Lancaster treaty in its full extent, consenting to a 
 settlement of the southeast of the Ohio, and guaranteeing that it should 
 not be disturbed by them. These were the means used to obtain the first 
 treaty with the Indians in the Ohio Valley. 
 
 Meanwhile the powers beyond the sea were trying to out-manoeuvre 
 each other, and were professing to be at peace. The English generally 
 outwitted the Indians, and failed in many instances to fulfill their con- 
 tracts. They thereby gained the ill-will of the red men, and further 
 increased the feeling by failing to provide them with arms and ammuni- 
 tion. Said an old chief, at Easton, in 1758 : " The Indians on the Ohio 
 left you because of your own fault. When we heard the French were 
 coming, we asked you for help and arms, but we did not get them. The 
 French came, they treated us kindly, and gained our affections. The 
 Governor of Virginia settled on our lands for his own benefit, and, when 
 we wanted help, forsook us." 
 
 At the beginning of 1653, the English thought they had secured by 
 title the lands in the West, but the French had quietly gathered cannon 
 and military stores to be in readiness for the expected blow. The Eng- 
 lish made other attempts to ratify these existing treaties, but not until 
 the Summer could the Indians be gathered together to discuss the plans 
 of the French. Thej^ had sent messages to tlie French, warning them 
 away ; but they replied that they intended to complete the chain of forts 
 already begun, and would not abandon the field. 
 
 Soon after this, no satisfaction being obtained from the Ohio regard- 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 39 
 
 ing the positions and purposes of the French, Governor Dinwiddie of 
 Virginia determined to send to them another messenger and learn from 
 them, if possible, tlieir intentions. For this purpose he selected a young 
 man, a surveyor, who, at the early age of nineteen, had received the rank 
 of major, and who was thoroughly posted regarding frontier life. This 
 personage was no other than the illustrious George Washington, who then 
 held considerable interest in Western lands. He was at this time just 
 twenty-two years of age. Taking Gist as his guide, the two, accompanied 
 by four servitors, set out on their perilous march. They left Will's 
 Creek on the 10th of November, 1753, and on the 22d reached the Monon- 
 gahela, about ten miles above the fork. From there they went to 
 Logs town, where Washington had a long conference with the chiefs of 
 tlie Six Nations. From them he learned the condition of the French, and 
 also heard of their determination not to come down the river till the fol- 
 lowing Spring. The Indians were non-committal, as they were afraid to 
 turn either way, and, as far as they could, desired to remain neutral. 
 Washington, finding nothing could be done Avith them, went on to 
 Venango, an old Indian town at the mouth of French Creek. Here the 
 French had a fort, called Fort Machault. Through the rum and flattery 
 of the French, he nearly lost all his Indian followers. Finding nothing 
 of importance here, he pursued his way amid great privations, and on the 
 11th of December reached the fort at the head of French Creek. Here 
 he delivered Governor Dinwiddie's letter, received liis answer, took his 
 observations, and on the 16th set out upon his return journey Avith no one 
 but Gist, his guide, and a few Indians who still remained true to him, 
 notwithstanding the endeavors of the French to retain them. Their 
 homeward journey was one of great peril and suffering from the cold, yet 
 they reached home in safety on the 6th of January, 1754. 
 
 From the letter of St. Pierre, commander of the French fort, sent by 
 Washington to Governor Dinwiddie, it was learned that the French would 
 not give up without a struggle. Active preparations were at once made 
 in all the English colonies for the coming conflict, while the French 
 finished the fort at Venango and strengthened their lines of fortifications, 
 and gathered their forces to be in readiness. 
 
 The Old Dominion was all alive. Virginia was the center of great 
 activities ; volunteers were called for, and from all the neighboring 
 colonies men rallied to the conflict, and everywhere along the Potomac 
 men were enlisting under the Governor's proclamation — which promised 
 two hundred thousand acres on the Ohio. Along this river they were 
 gathering as far as Will's Creek, and far beyond this point, whither Trent 
 had come for assistance for his little band of forty-one men, Avho were 
 
40 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 working away in hunger and want, to fortify that point at the fork of 
 the Ohio, to which both parties were looking with deep interest. 
 
 " The first birds of Spring filled the air with their song ; the swift 
 river rolled by the Allegheny hillsides, swollen by the melting snows of 
 Spring and the April showers. The leaves were appearing ; a few Indian 
 scouts were seen, but no enemy seemed near at hand ; and all was so quiet, 
 that Frazier, an old Indian scout and trader, who had been left by Trent 
 in command, ventured to his home at the mouth of Turtle Creek, ten 
 miles up the Monongahela. But, though all was so quiet in that wilder- 
 ness, keen eyes had seen the low intrenchment rising at the fork, and 
 swift feet had borne the news of it up the river ; and upon the morning 
 of the 17th of April, Ensign Ward, who then had charge of it, saw 
 upon the Allegheny a sight that made his heart sink — sixty batteaux and 
 three hundred canoes filled with men, and laden deep with cannon and 
 stores. * * * That" evening he supped with his captor, Contrecoeur, 
 and the next day he was bowed off by the Frenchman, and with his men 
 and tools, marched up the Monongahela." 
 
 The French and Indian war had begun. The treaty of Aix la 
 Chapelle, in 1748, had left the boundaries between the French and 
 English possessions unsettled, and the events already narrated show the 
 French were determined to hold the country watered by the Mississippi 
 and its tributaries ; while the English laid claims to the country by virtue 
 of the discoveries of the Cabots, and claimed all the country from New- 
 foundland to Florida, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The 
 first decisive blow had now been struck, and the first attempt of the 
 English, through the Ohio Company, to occupy these lands, had resulted 
 disastrously to them. The French and Indians immediately completed 
 the fortifications begun at the Fork, which they had so easily captured, 
 and when completed gave to the fort the name of DuQuesne. Washing- 
 ton was at Will's Creek when the news of the capture of the fort arrived. 
 He at once departed to recapture it. On his way he entrenched him- 
 self at a place called the " Meadows," where he erected a fort called 
 by him Fort Necessity. From there he surprised and captured a force of 
 French and Indians marching against him, but was soon after attacked 
 in his fort by a much superior force, and was obliged to yield on the 
 morning of July 4th. He was allowed to return to Virginia. 
 
 The English Government immediately planned four campaigns ; one 
 against Fort DuQuesne ; one against Nova Scotia ; one against Fort 
 Niagara, and one against Crown Point. These occurred during 1755-6, 
 and were not successful in driving the French from their possessions. 
 The expedition against Fort DuQuesne was led by the famous General 
 Braddock, who, refusing to listen to the advice of Washington and those 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 41 
 
 acquainted with Indian warfare, suffered such an inglorious defeat. This 
 occurred on the morning of July 9th, and is generally known as the battle 
 of Monongahela, or " Braddock's Defeat." The war continued with 
 various vicissitudes through the years 1756-7 ; when, at the commence- 
 ment of 1758, in accordance with the plans of William Pitt, then Secre- 
 tary of State, afterwards Lord Chatham, active preparations were made to 
 carry on the war. Three expeditious were planned for this year : one, 
 under General Amherst, against Louisburg ; another, under Abercrombie, 
 against Fort Ticonderoga ; and a third, under General Forbes, against 
 Fort DuQuesne. On the 26th of July, Louisburg surrendered after a 
 desperate resistance of more than forty days, and the eastern part of the 
 Canadian possessions fell into the hands of the British. Abercrombie 
 captured Fort Frontenac, and when the expedition against Fort DuQuesne, 
 of which Washington had the active command, arrived there, it: was 
 found in flames and deserted. The English at once took possession, 
 rebuilt the fort, and in honor of their illustrious statesman, changed the 
 name to Fort Pitt. 
 
 The great object of the campaign of 1759, was the reduction of 
 Canada. General Wolfe was to lay siege to Quebec ; Amherst was to 
 reduce Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and General Prideaux was to 
 capture Niagara. This latter place was taken in July, but the gallant 
 Prideaux lost his life in the attempt. Amherst captured Ticonderoga 
 and Crown Point without a blow ; and Wolfe, after making the memor- 
 able ascent to the Plains of Abraham, on September 13th, defeated 
 Montcalm, and on the 18th, the city capitulated. In this engagement 
 Montcolm and Wolfe both lost their lives. De Levi, Montcalm's successor, 
 marched to Sillery, three miles above the city, with the purpose of 
 defeating the English, and there, on the 28th of the following April, was 
 fought one of the bloodiest battles of the French and Indian War. It 
 resulted in the defeat of the French, and the fall of the City of Montreal. 
 The Governor signed a capitulation by which the whole of Canada was 
 surrendered to the English. This practically concluded the war, but it 
 was not until 1763 that the treaties of peace between France and England 
 were signed. This was done on the 10th of February of that year, and* 
 under its provisions all the country east of the Mississippi and north of 
 the Iberville River, in Louisiana, were ceded to England. At the same 
 time Spain ceded Florida to Great Britain. 
 
 On the 13th of September, 1760, Major Robert Rogers was sent 
 from Montreal to take charge of Detroit, the only remaining French post 
 in the territory. He arrived there on the 19th of November, and sum- 
 moned the place to surrender. At first the commander of the post, 
 Beletre- refused, but on the 29th, hearing of the continued defeat of the 
 
42 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 French arms, surrendered. Rogers remained there until December 23d 
 under the personal protection of the celebrated chief, Pontiac, to whom, 
 no doubt, he owed his safety. Pontiac had come here to inquire the 
 purposes of the English in taking possession of the country. He was 
 assured that they came simply to trade with the natives, and did not 
 desire their country. This answer conciliated the savages, and did much 
 to insure the safety of Rogers and his party during their stay, and while 
 on their journey home. 
 
 Rogers set out for Fort Pitt on December 23, and was just one 
 month on the way. His route was from Detroit to Maumee, thence 
 across the present State of Ohio directly to the fort. Tliis was the com- 
 mon trail of the Indians in their journeys from Sandusky to the fork of 
 the Ohio. It went from Fort Sandusky, where Sandusky City now is, 
 crossed the Huron river, then called Bald Eagle Creek, to " Mohickon 
 John's Town" on Mohickon Creek, the northern branch of White 
 Woman's River, and thence crossed to Beaver's Town, a Delaware town 
 on what is now Sandy Creek. At Beaver's Town were probably one 
 hundred and fifty warriors, and not less than three thousand acres of 
 cleared land. From there the track went up Sandy Creek to and across 
 Big Beaver, and up the Ohio to Logstown, thence on to the fork. 
 
 The Northwest Territory was now entirely under the English rule. 
 New settlements began to be rapidly made, and the promise of a large 
 trade was speedily manifested. Had the British carried out their promises 
 with the natives none of those savage butcheries would have been perpe- 
 trated, and the country would have been spared their recital. 
 
 The renowned chief, Pontiac, was one of the leading spirits in these 
 atrocities. We will now pause in our narrative, and notice the leading 
 events in his life. The earliest authentic information regarding this 
 noted Indian chief is learned from an account of an Indian trader named 
 Alexander Henr}^, who, in the Spring of 1761, penetrated his domains as 
 far as Missillimacnac. Pontiac was then a great friend of the French, 
 but a bitter foe of the English, whom he considered as encroaching on his 
 hunting grounds. Henry was obliged to disguise himself as a Canadian 
 to insure safety, but was discovered by Pontiac, who bitterly reproached 
 him and the English for their attempted subjugation of th-e West. He 
 declared that no treaty had been made with them; no presents sent 
 them, and that he would resent any possession of the West by that nation. 
 He was at the time about fifty years of age, tall and dignified, and was 
 civil and military ruler of the Ottawas, Ojibwas and Pottawatamies. 
 
 The Indians, from Lake Michigan to the borders of North Carolina, 
 were united in this feeling, and at the time of the treaty of Paris, ratified 
 February 10, 1763, a general conspiracy was formed to fall suddenly 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 43 
 
 PONTIAC, THE OTTAWA CHIEFTAIN. 
 
44 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 upon the frontier British posts, and with one blow strike every man dead. 
 Pontiac was the marked leader in all this, and was the commander 
 of the Chippewas, Ottawas, Wyandots, Miamis, Shawanese, Delawares 
 and Mingoes, who had, for the time, laid aside their local quarrels to unite 
 in this enterprise. 
 
 The blow came, as near as can now be ascertained, on May 7, 1768. 
 Nine British posts fell, and the Indians drank, " scooped up in the hollow 
 of joined hands," the blood of many a Briton. 
 
 Pontiac's immediate field of action was the garrison at Detroit. 
 Here, however, the plans were frustrated by an Indian woman disclosing 
 the plot the evening previous to his arrival. Everything was carried out, 
 however, according to Pontiac's plans until the moment of action, when 
 Major Gladwyn, the commander of the post, stepping to one of the Indian 
 chiefs, suddenly drew aside his blanket and disclosed the concealed 
 musket. Pontiac, though a brave man, turned pale and trembled. He 
 saw his plan was known, and that the garrison were prepared. He 
 endeavored to exculpate himself from any such intentions ; but the guilt 
 was evident, and he and his followers were dismissed with a severe 
 reprimand, and warned never to again enter the walls of the post. 
 
 Pontiac at once laid siege to the fort, and until the treaty of peace 
 between the British and the Western Indians, concluded in August, 1764, 
 continued to harass and besiege the fortress. He organized a regular 
 commissariat department, issued bills of credit written out on bark, 
 which, to his credit, it may be stated, were punctually redeemed. At 
 the conclusion of the treaty, in which it seems he took no part, he went 
 further south, living many years among the Illinois. 
 
 He had given up all hope of saving his country and race. After a 
 time he endeavored to unite the Illinois tribe and those about St. Louis 
 in a war with the whites. His efforts were fruitless, and only ended in a 
 quarrel between himself and some Kaskaskia Indians, one of whom soon 
 afterwards killed him. His death was, however, avenged by the northern 
 Indians, who nearly exterminated the Illinois in the wars which followed. 
 Had it not been for the treachery of a few of his followers, his plan 
 for the extermination of the whites, a masterly one, would undoubtedly 
 have been carried out. 
 
 It was in the Spring of the year following Rogers' visit that Alex- 
 ander Henry went to Missillimacnac, and everywhere found the strongest 
 feelino"s against the English, who had not carried out their promises, and 
 were doing nothing to conciliate the natives. Here he met the chief, 
 Pontiac, who, after conveying to him in a speech the idea that their 
 French father would awake soon and utterly destroy his enemies, said : 
 " Englishman, although you have conquered the French, you have not 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 45 
 
 yet conquered us ! We are not your slaves ! These lakes, these woods, 
 these mountains, were left us by our ancestors. They are our inheritance, 
 and we will part with them to none. Your nation supposes that we, like 
 the white people, can not live without bread and pork and beef. But you 
 ought to know that He, the Great Spirit and Master of Life, has provided 
 food for us upon these broad lakes and in these mountains." 
 
 He tlien spoke of the fact that no treaty had been made with them, 
 no presents sent them, and that he and his people were yet for war. 
 Such were the feelings of the Northwestern Indians immediately after 
 the English took possession of their country. These feelings were no 
 doubt encouraged by the Canadians and French, who hoped that yet the 
 French arms might prevail. The treaty of Paris, however, gave to the 
 English the right to this vast domain, and active preparations were going 
 ou to occupy it and enjoy its trade and emoluments. 
 
 In 1762, France, hy,a, secret treaty, ceded Louisiana to Spain, to pre- 
 vent it falling into the hands of the English, who were becoming masters 
 of the entire West. The next year the treaty of Paris, signed at Fon- 
 tainbleau, gave to the English the domain of the country in question. 
 Twenty years after, by the treaty of peace between the United States 
 and England, that part of Canada lying south and west of the Great 
 Lakes, comprehending a large territory which is the subject of these 
 sketches, was acknowledged to be a portion of the United States ; and 
 twenty years still later, in 1803, Louisiana was ceded by Spain back to 
 France, and by France sold to the United States. 
 
 In the half century, from the building of the Fort of Crevecoeur by 
 LaSalle, in 1680, up to the erection of Fort Chartres, many French set- 
 tlements had been made in that quarter. These have already been 
 noticed, being those at St. Vincent (Vincennes), Kohokia or Cahokia, 
 Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher, on the American Bottom, a large tract 
 of rich alluvial soil in Illinois, on the Mississippi, opposite the site of St. 
 Louis. 
 
 By the treaty of Paris, the regions east of the Mississippi, including 
 all these and other towns of the Northwest, were given over to England; 
 but they do not appear to have been taken possession of until 1765, when 
 Captain Stirling, in the name of the Majesty of England, established him- 
 self at Fort Chartres bearing with him the proclamation of General Gage, 
 dated December 30, 1764, which promised religious freedom to all Cath- 
 olics who worshiped here, and a right to leave the country with their 
 effects if they wished, or to remain with the privileges of Englishmen. 
 It was shortly after the occupancy of the West by the British that the 
 war with Pontiac opened. It is already noticed in the sketch of that 
 chieftain. By it many a Briton lost his life, and many a frontier settle- 
 
46 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 ment in its infancy ceased to exist. This was not ended until the year 
 1764, when, failing to capture Detroit, Niagara and Fort Pitt, his confed- 
 eracy became disheartened, and, receiving no aid from the French, Pon- 
 tiac abandoned the enterprise and departed to the Illinois, among whom 
 he afterward lost his life. 
 
 As soon as these difficulties were definitely settled, settlers began 
 rapidly to survey the country and prepare for occupation. During the 
 year 1770, a number of persons from Virginia and other British provinces 
 explored and marked out nearly all the valuable lands on the Mononga- 
 hela and along the banks of the Ohio as far as the Little Kanawha. This 
 was followed by another exploring expedition, in which George Washing- 
 ton was a party. The latter, accompanied by Dr. Craik, Capt. Crawford 
 and others, on the 20th of October, 1770, descended the Ohio from Pitts- 
 burgh to the mouth of the Kanawha ; ascended that stream about fourteen 
 miles, marked out several large tracts of land, shot several buffalo, which 
 were then abundant in the Ohio Valley, and returned to the fort. 
 
 Pittsburgh was at this time a trading post, about which was clus- 
 tered a village of some twenty houses, inhabited by Indian traders. This 
 same year, Capt. Pittman visited Kaskaskia and its neighboring villages. 
 He found there about sixty-five resident families, and at Cahokia only 
 forty-five dwellings. At Fort Chartres was another small settlement, and 
 at Detroit the garrison were quite prosperous and strong. For a year 
 or two settlers continued to locate near some of these posts, generally 
 Fort Pitt or Detroit, owing to the fears of the Indians, who still main^ 
 tained some feelings of hatred to the English. The trade from the posts 
 was quite good, and from those in Illinois large quantities of pork and 
 flour found their way to the New Orleans market. At this time the 
 policy of the British Government was strongly opposed to the extension 
 of the colonies west. In 1763, the King of England forbade, by royal 
 proclamation, his colonial subjects from making a settlement beyond the 
 sources of the rivers which fall into the Atlantic Ocean. At the instance 
 of the Board of Trade, measures were taken to prevent the settlement 
 without the limits prescribed, and to retain the commerce within easy 
 reach of Great Britain. 
 
 The commander-in-chief of the king's forces wrote in 1769 : " In the 
 course of a few years necessity will compel the colonists, should they 
 extend their settlements west, to provide manufactures of some kind for 
 themselves, and when all connection upheld by commerce with the mother 
 country ceases, an independency in their government will soon follow." 
 
 In accordance with this policy, Gov. Gage issued a proclamation 
 in 1772, commanding the inhabitants of Vincennes to abandon their set- 
 tlements and join some of the Eastern English colonies. To this they 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 47 
 
 strenuously objected, giving good reasons tlierefor, and were allowed to 
 remain. The strong opposition to this policy of Great Britain led to its 
 change, and to such a course as to gain the attachment of the French 
 population. In December, 1773, influential citizens of Quebec petitioned 
 the king for an extension of the boundary lines of that province, Avhich 
 was granted, and Parliament passed an act on June 2, 1774, extend- 
 ing the boundary so as to include the territory lying within the present 
 States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. 
 
 In consequence of the liberal policy pursued by the British Govern- 
 ment toward the French settlers in the West, they were disposed to favor 
 that nation in the war which soon followed with the colonies ; but the 
 early alliance between France and America soon brought them to the side 
 of the war for independence. 
 
 In 1774, Gov. Dunmore, of Virginia, began to encourage emigration 
 to the Western lands. He appointed magistrates at Fort Pitt under the 
 pretense that the fort was under the government of that commonwealth. 
 One of these justices, John Connelly, who possessed a tract of land in the 
 Ohio Valley, gathered a force of men and garrisoned the fort, calling it 
 Fort Dunmore. This and other parties were formed to select sites for 
 settlements, and often came in conflict with the Indians, who yet claimed 
 portions of the valley, and several battles followed. These ended in the 
 famous battle of Kanawha in July, where the Indians were defeated and 
 driven across the Ohio. 
 
 During the years 1775 and 1776, by the operations of land companies 
 and the perseverahceof individuals, several settlements were firmly estab- 
 lished between the Alleghanies and the Ohio River, and western land 
 speculators were busy in Illinois and on the Wabash. At a council held 
 in Kaskaskia on July 5, 1773, an association of English traders, calling 
 themselves the " Illinois Land Company," obtained from ten chiefs of the 
 Kaskaskia, Cahokia and Peoria tribes two large tracts of land lying on 
 the east side of the Mississippi River south of the Illinois. In 1775, a mer- 
 chant from the Illinois Country, named Viviat, came to Post Vincennes 
 as the agent of the association called the " Wabash Land Company." On 
 the 8th of October he obtained from eleven Piankeshaw chiefs, a deed for 
 37,497,600 acres of land. This deed was signed by the grantors, attested 
 by a number of the inhabitants of Vincennes, and afterward recorded in 
 the ofiice of a notary public at Kaskaskia. This and other land com- 
 panies had extensive schemes for the colonization of the West ; but all 
 were frustrated by the breaking out of the Revolution. On the 20th of 
 April, 17S0, the two companies named consolidated under the name of the 
 " United Illinois and Wabash Land Company." They afterward made 
 
48 THE NORTHWEST TEERITORY. 
 
 strenuous efforts to have these grants sanctioned by Congress, but all 
 signally failed. 
 
 When the War of the Revolution commenced, Kentucky was an unor- 
 ganized country, though there were several settlements within her borders. 
 
 In Hutchins' Topography of Virginia, it is stated that at that time 
 " Kaskaskia contained 80 houses, and nearly 1,000 white and black in- 
 habitants — the whites being a little the more numerous. Cahokia con- 
 tains 50 houses and 300 white inhabitants, and 80 negroes. There were 
 east of the Mississippi River, about the year 1771 " — when these observa- 
 tions were made — " 300 white men capable of bearing arms, and 230 
 negroes." 
 
 From 1775 until the expedition of Clark, nothing is recorded and 
 nothing known of these settlements, save what is contained in a leport 
 made by a committee to Congress in June, 1778. From it the following 
 extract is made : 
 
 "Near the mouth of the River Kaskaskia, there is a village which 
 appears to have contained nearly eighty families from the beginning of 
 the late revolution. There are twelve families in a small village at la 
 Prairie du Rochers, and near fifty families at the Kahokia Village. There 
 are also four or five families at Fort Chartres and St. Philips, which is five 
 miles further up the river." 
 
 St. Louis had been settled in February, 1764, and at this time con- 
 tained, including its neighboring towns, over six hundred whites and one 
 hundred and fifty negroes. It must be remembered that all the country 
 west of the Mississippi was now under French rule, and remained so until 
 ceded again to Spain, its original owner, who afterwards sold it and the 
 country including New Orleans to the United States. At Detroit there 
 were, according to Capt. Carver, who was in the Northwest from 1766 to 
 1768, more than one hundred houses, and the river was settled for more 
 than twenty miles, although poorly cultivated — the people being engaged 
 in the Indian trade. This old town has a history, which we will here 
 relate. 
 
 It is the oldest town in the Northwest, having been founded by 
 Antoine de Lamotte Cadillac, in 1701. It was laid out in the form of an 
 oblong square, of two acres in length, and an acre and a half in width. 
 As described by A. D. Frazer, who first visited it and became a permanent 
 resident of the place, in 1778, it comprised within its limits that space 
 between Mr. Palmer's store (Conant Block) and Capt. Perkins' house 
 (near the Arsenal building), and extended back as far as the public barn, 
 and was bordered in front by the Detroit River. It was surrounded by 
 oak and cedar pickets, about fifteen feet long, set in the ground, and had 
 four gates — east, west, north and south. Over the first three of these 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 49 
 
 gates were block houses provided with four guns apiece, each a six- 
 pounder. Two six-gun batteries were planted fronting the river and in a 
 parallel direction with the block houses. There were four streets running 
 east and west, the main street being twenty feet wide and the rest fifteen 
 feet, while the four streets crossing these at right angles were from ten 
 to fifteen feet in width. 
 
 At the date spoken of by Mr. Frazer, there was no fort within the 
 enclosure, but a citadel on the ground corresponding to the present 
 northwest corner of Jefferson Avenue and Wayne Street. The citadel was 
 inclosed by pickets, and within it were erected barracks of wood, two 
 stories high, sufficient to contain ten oflGcers, and also barracks sufficient 
 to contain four hundred men, and a provision store built of brick. The 
 citadel also contained a hospital and guard-house. The old town of 
 Detroit, in 1778, contained about sixty houses, most of them one story, 
 with a few a story and a half in height. They were all of logs, some 
 hewn and some round. There was one building of splendid appearance, 
 called the " King's Palace," two stories high, which stood near the east 
 gate. It was built for Governor Hamilton, the first governor commissioned 
 by the British. There were two guard-houses, one near the west gate and 
 the other near the Government House. Each of the guards consisted of 
 twenty-four men and a subaltern, who mounted regularly every morning 
 between nine and ten o'clock. Each furnished four sentinels, who were 
 relieved every two hours. There was also an officer of the day, who per- 
 formed strict dut3\ Each of the gates was shut regularly at sunset; 
 even wicket gates were shut at nine o'clock, and all the keys were 
 delivered into the hands of the commanding officer. They were opened 
 in the morning at sunrise. No Indian or squaw was permitted to enter 
 town with any weapon, such as a tomahawk or a knife. It was a stand- 
 ing order that the Indians should deliver their arms ai^d instruments of 
 every kind before they were permitted to pass the sentine],and they were 
 restored to them on their return. No more than twenty-five Indians were 
 allowed to enter the town at any one time, and they were admitted only 
 at the east and west gates. At sundown the drums Ijeat, and all the 
 Indians were required to leave town instantly. There was a council house 
 near the water side for the purpose of holding council with the Indians. 
 The population of the town was about sixty families, in all about two 
 hundred males and one hundred females. This town was destroyed by 
 fire, all except one dwelling, in 1805. After which the present '^ new " 
 town was laid out. 
 
 On the breaking out of the Revolution, the British held every post of 
 importance in the West. Kentucky was formed as a component part of 
 Virginia, and the sturdy pioneers of the West, alive to their interests, 
 
50 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 and recognizing the great benefits of obtaining the control of the trade in 
 this part of the New World, held steadily to their purposes, and those 
 within the commonwealth of Kentucky proceeded to exercise their 
 civil privileges, by electing John Todd and Richard Gallaway, 
 burgesses to represent them in the Assembly of the parent state. 
 Early in September of that year (1777) the first court was held 
 in Harrodsburg, and Col. Bowman, afterwards major, who had arrived 
 in August, was made the commander of a militia organization which 
 had been commenced the March previous. Thus the tree of loyalty 
 was growing. The chief spirit in this far-out colony, who had represented 
 her the year previous east of the mountains, was now meditating a move 
 unequaled in its boldness. He had been watching the movements of the 
 British throughout the Northwest, and understood their whole plan. Ht 
 saw it was through their possession of the posts at Detroit, Vincennes, 
 Kaskaskia, and other places, which would give them constant and easy 
 access to the various Indian tribes in the Northwest, that the British 
 intended to penetrate the country from the north and south, and annihi- 
 late the frontier fortresses. This moving, energetic man was Colonel, 
 afterwards General, George Rogers Clark. He knew the Indians were not 
 unanimously in accord with the English, and he was convinced that, could 
 the British be defeated and expelled from the Northwest, the natives 
 might be easily awed into neutrality ; and by spies sent for the purpose, 
 he satisfied himself that the enterprise against the Illinois settlements 
 might easily succeed. Having convinced himself of the certainty of the 
 project, he repaired to the Capital of Virginia, which place he reached on 
 November 5th. While he was on his way, fortunately^ on October 17th, 
 Burgoyne had been defeated, and the spirits of the colonists greatly 
 encouraged thereby. Patrick Henry was Governor of Virginia, and at 
 once entered heartily into Clark's plans. The same plan had before been 
 agitated in the Colonial Assemblies, but there was no one until Clark 
 came who was sufficiently acquainted with the condition of affairs at the 
 scene of action to be able to guide them. 
 
 Clark, having satisfied the Virginia leaders of the feasibility of his 
 plan, received, on the 2d of January, two sets of instructions — one secret, 
 the other open — the latter authorized him to proceed to enlist seven 
 companies to go to Kentucky, subject to his orders, and to serve tlu'ce 
 months from their arrival in the West. The secret order authorized him 
 to arm these troops, to procure his powder and lead of General Hand 
 at Pittsburgh, and to proceed at once to subjugate the country. 
 
 With these instructions Clark repaired to Pittsburgh, choosing rather 
 to raise his men west of the mountains, as he well knew all were needed 
 in the colonies in the conflict there. He sent Col. W. B. Smith to Hoi- 
 
THE NOETHWEST TERRITORY. 51 
 
 ston for the same purpose, but neither succeeded in raising the required 
 number of men. Tlie settlers in these parts were afraid to leave their 
 own firesides exposed to a vigilant foe, and but few could be induced to 
 join the proposed expedition. With three companies and several private 
 volunteers, Clark at length commenced his descent of the Ohio, which he 
 navigated as far as the Falls, where he took possession of and fortified 
 Corn Island, a small island between the present Cities of Louisville, 
 Kentucky, and New Albany, Indiana. Remains of this fortification may 
 yet be found. At this place he appointed Col. Bowman to meet him 
 with such recruits as had reached Kentucky by the southern route, and 
 as many as could be spared from the station. Here he announced to 
 the men their real destination. Having completed his arrangements, 
 and chosen his party, he left a small garrison upon the island, and on the 
 24th of June, during a total eclipse of the sun, which to them augured 
 no good, and which fixes beyond dispute the date of starting, he with 
 his chosen band, fell down the river. His plan was to go by Avater as 
 far as Fort Massac or Massacre, and thence march direct to Kaskaskia. 
 Here he intended to surprise the garrison, and after its capture go to 
 Cahokia, then to Vincennes, and lastly to Detroit. Should he fail, he 
 intended to march directly to the Mississippi River and cross it into the 
 Spanish country. Before his start he received two good items of infor- 
 mation : one that the alliance had been formed between France and the 
 United States ; and the other that the Indians throughout the Illinois 
 country and the inhabitants, at the various frontier posts, had been led to 
 believe by the British that the " Long Knives" or Virginians, were the 
 most fierce, bloodthirsty and cruel savages that ever scalped a foe. With 
 this impression on their minds, Clark saw that proper management would 
 cause them to submit at once from fear, if surprised, and then from grati- 
 tude wotild become friendly if treated with unexpected leniency. 
 
 The march to Kaskaskia was accomplished through a hot July sttn, 
 and the town reached on the evening of July 4. He captured the fort 
 near the village, and soon after the village itself by surprise, and without 
 the loss of a single man or by killing any of the enemy. After stifficiently 
 working upon the fears of the natives, Clark told them they were at per- 
 fect liberty to worship as they pleased, and to take whichever side of the 
 great conflict they would, also he would protect them from any barbarity 
 from British or Indian foe. This had the desired effect, and the inhab- 
 itants, so unexpectedly and so gratefully surprised by the unlocked 
 for ttirn of affairs, at once swore allegiance to the American arms, and 
 when Clark desired to go to Cahokia on the 6th of July, they accom- 
 panied him, and througli their influence the inhabitants of the place 
 surrendered, and gladly placed themselves under his protection. Thus 
 
52 THE NORTHWEST TERKITORY. 
 
 the two important posts in Illinois passed from the hands of the English 
 into the possession of Virginia. 
 
 In the person of the priest at Kaskaskia, M. Gibault, Clark found a 
 powerful ally and generous friend. Clark saw that, to retain possession 
 of the Northwest and treat successfully with the Indians within its boun- 
 daries, he must establish a government for the colonies he had taken. 
 St. Vincent, the next important post to Detroit,remained yet to be taken 
 before the Mississippi Valley was conquered. M. Gibault told him that 
 he would alone, by persuasion, lead Vincennes to throw off its connection 
 with England. Clark gladly accepted his offer, and on the 14th of July, 
 in company with a fellow-townsman, M. Gibault started on his mission of 
 peace, and on the 1st of August returned with the cheerful intelligence 
 that the post on the " Oubache " had taken the oath of allegiance to 
 the Old Dominion. During this interval, Clark established his courts, 
 placed garrisons at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, successfully re-enlisted his 
 men, sent word to have a fort, which proved the germ of Louisville, 
 erected at the Falls of the Ohio, and dispatched Mr. Rocheblave, who 
 had been commander at Kaskaskia, as a prisoner of war to Richmond. 
 In October the County of Illinois was established by the Legislature 
 of Virginia, John Todd appointed Lieutenant Colonel and Civil Governor, 
 and in November General Clark and his men received the thanks of 
 the Old Dominion through their Legislature. 
 
 In a speech a few days afterward, Clark made known fully to the 
 natives his plans, and at its close all came forward and swore alle- 
 giance to the Long Knives. While he was doing this Governor Hamilton, 
 having made his various arrangements, had left Detroit and moved down 
 the Wabash to Vincennes intending to operate from that point in reducing 
 the Illinois posts, and then proceed on down to Kentucky and drive the 
 rebels from the West. Gen. Clark had, on the return of M. Gibault, 
 dispatched Captain Helm, of Fauquier County, Virginia, with an attend- 
 ant named Henry, across the Illinois prairies to command the fort. 
 Hamilton knew nothing of the capitulation of the post, and was greatly 
 surprised on his arrival to be confronted by Capt. Helm, who, standing at 
 the entrance of the fort by a loaded cannon ready to fire upon his assail- 
 ants, demanded upon what terms Hamilton demanded possession of the 
 fort. Being granted the rights of a prisoner of war, he surrendered to 
 the British General, who could scarcely believe his eyes when he saw the 
 force in the garrison. 
 
 Hamilton, not realizing the character of the men with whom he was 
 contending, gave up his intended campaign for the Winter, sent his four 
 hundred Indian warriors to prevent troops from coming down the Ohio, 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 53 
 
 and to annoy the Americans in all ways, and sat quietly down to pass the 
 Winter. Information of all these proceedings having reached Clark, he 
 saw that immediate and decisive action was necessary, and that unless 
 he captured Hamilton, Hamilton would capture him. Clark received the 
 news on the 29th of January, 1779, and on February 4th, having suffi- 
 ciently garrisoned Kaskaskia and Cahokia, he sent down the Mississippi 
 a " battoe," as Major Bowman writes it, in order to ascend the Ohio and 
 Wabash, and operate with the land forces gathering for the fray. 
 
 On the next day, Clark, with his little force of one hundred and 
 twenty men, set out for the post, and after incredible hard marching 
 through much mud, the ground being thawed by the incessant spring 
 rains, on the 22d reached the fort, and being joined by his " battoe," at 
 once commenced the attack on the post. The aim of the American back- 
 woodsman was unerring, and on the 24th the garrison surrendered to the 
 intrepid boldness of Clark. The French were treated with great kind- 
 ness, and gladly renewed their allegiance to Virginia. Hamilton was 
 sent as a prisoner to Virginia, where he was kept in close confinement. 
 During his command of the British frontier posts, he had offered prizes 
 to the Indians for all the scalps of Americans they would bring to him, 
 and had earned in consequence thereof the title '■'• Hair-buyer General," 
 by which he was ever afterward known. 
 
 Detroit was now without doubt within easy reach of the enterprising 
 Virginian, could he but raise the necessary force. Governor Henry being 
 apprised of this, j)romised him the needed reinforcement, and Clark con- 
 cluded to wait until he could capture and sufficiently garrison the posts. 
 Had Clark failed in this bold undertaking, and Hamilton succeeded in 
 uniting the western Indians for the next Spring's campaign, the West 
 would indeed have been swept from the Mississippi to the Allegheny 
 Mountains, and the great blow struck, which had been contemplated from 
 the commencement, by the British. 
 
 " But for this small army of dripping, but fearless Virginians, the 
 union of all the tribes from Georgia to Maine against the colonies might 
 have been effected, and the whole current of our history changed." 
 
 At this time some fears were entertained by the Colonial Govern- 
 ments that the Indians in the North and Northwest were inclining to the 
 British, and under the instructions of Washington, now Commander-in- 
 Chief of the Colonial army, and so bravely fighting for American inde- 
 pendence, armed forces were sent against the Six Nations, and upon the 
 Ohio frontier. Col. Bowman, acting under the same general's orders, 
 marched against Indians within the present limits of that State. These 
 expeditions were in the main successful, and the Indians Avere compelled 
 to sue for peace. 
 
54 THE NORTHWEST TEKKITOIIY. 
 
 During this same year (1779) the famous " Land Laws" of Virginia 
 were passed. The passage of these laws was of more consequence to the 
 pioneers of Kentucky and the Northwest than the gaining of a few Indian, 
 conflicts. These laws confirmed in main all grants made, and guaranteed 
 to all actual settlers their rights and privileges. After providing for the 
 settlers, the laws provided for selling the balance of the public lands at 
 forty cents per acre. To carry the Land Laws into effect, the Legislature 
 sent four Virginians westward to attend to the various claims, over many 
 of which great confusion prevailed concerning their validity. These 
 gentlemen opened their court on October 13, 1779, at St. Asaphs, and 
 continued until April 26, 1780, when they adjourned, having decided 
 three thousand claims. They were succeeded by the surveyor, who 
 came in the person of Mr. George May, and assumed his duties on the 
 10th day of the month whose name he bore. With the opening of the 
 next year (1780) the troubles concerning the navigation of the Missis- 
 sippi commenced. The Spanish Government exacted such measures in 
 relation to its trade as to cause the overtures made to the United States 
 to be rejected. The American Government considered they had a right 
 to navigate its channel. To enforce their claims, a fort was erected below 
 the mouth of the Ohio on the Kentucky side of the liver. The settle- 
 ments in Kentucky were being rapidly filled by emigrants. It was dur- 
 ing this year that the first seminary of learning was established in the 
 West in this young and enterprising Commonwealth. 
 
 The settlers here did not look upon the building of this fort in a 
 friendly manner, as it aroused the hostility of the Indians. Spain had 
 been friendly to the Colonies during their struggle for independence, 
 and though for a while this friendship appeared in danger from the 
 refusal of the free navigation of the river, yet it was finally settled to the 
 satisfaction of both nations. 
 
 The Winter of 1779-80 was one of the most unusually severe ones 
 ever experienced in the West. The Indians always referred to it as the 
 "Great Cold." Numbers of wild animals perished, and not a few 
 pioneers lost their lives. The following Summer a party of Canadians 
 and Indians attacked St. Louis, and attempted to take possession of it 
 in consequence of the friendly disposition of Spain to the revolting 
 colonies. They met with such a determined resistance on the part of the 
 inhabitants, even the women taking part in the battle, that they were 
 compelled to abandon the contest. They also made an attack on the 
 settlements in Kentucky, but, becoming alarmed in some unaccountable 
 manner, they fled the country in great haste. 
 
 About this time arose the question in the Colonial Congress con- 
 cerning the western lands claimed by Virginia, New York, Massachusetts 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 55 
 
 and Connecticut. The agitation concerning this subject finally led New 
 York, on the 19th of February, 1780, to pass a law giving to the dele- 
 gates of that State in Congress the power to cede her western lands for 
 the benefit of the United States. This law was laid before Congress 
 during the next month, but no steps were taken concerning it until Sep- 
 tember 6th, when a resolution passed that body calling upon the States 
 claiming western lands to release their claims in favor of the whole body. 
 This basis formed the union, and was the first after all of those legislative 
 measures which resulted in the creation of the States of Ohio, Indiana, 
 Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota. In December of the same 
 year, the plan of conquering Detroit again arose. The conquest might 
 have easily been effected by Clark had the necessary aid been furnished 
 him. Nothing decisive was done, yet the heads of the Government knew 
 that the safety of the Northwest from British invasion lay in the capture 
 and retention of that important post, the only unconquered one in the 
 territory. 
 
 Before the close of the year, Kentucky was divided into the Coun- 
 ties of Lincoln, Fayette and Jefferson, and the act establishing the Town 
 of Louisville was passed. This same year is also noted in the annals of 
 American history as the year in which occurred Arnold's treason to the 
 United States. 
 
 Virginia, in accordance with the resolution of Congress, on the 2d 
 day of January, 1781, agreed to yield her western lands to the United 
 States upon certain conditions, which Congress would not accede to, and 
 the Act of Cession, on the part of the Old Dominion, failed, nor was 
 anything farther done until 1783. During all that time the Colonies 
 were busily engaged in tlie struggle with the mother country, and in 
 consequence thereof but little heed was given to the western settlements. 
 Upon the 16th of April, 1781, the first birth north of the Ohio River of 
 American parentage occurred, being that of Mary Heckewelder, daughter 
 of the widely known Moravian missionary, whose band of Christian 
 Indians suffered in after years a horrible massacre by the hands of the 
 frontier settlers, who had been exasperated by the murder of several of 
 their neighbors, and in their rage committed, without regard to humanity, 
 a deed which forever afterwards cast a shade of shame upon their lives. 
 For this and kindred outrages on the part of the whites, the Indians 
 committed many deeds of cruelty which darken the years of 1771 and 
 1772 in the history of the Northwest. 
 
 During the year 1782 a number of battles among the Indians and 
 frontiersmen occurred, and between the Moravian Indians and the Wyan- 
 dots. In these, horrible acts of cruelty were practised on the captives, 
 many of such dark deeds transpiring under the leadership of the notorious 
 
y 
 
 56 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 frontier outlaw, Simon Girty, whose name, as well as those of his brothers, 
 was a terror to women and children. These occurred chiefly in the Ohio 
 valleys. Cotemporary with them were several engagements in Kentucky, 
 in which the famous Daniel Boone engaged, and who, often by his skill 
 and knowledge of Indian warfare, saved the outposts from cruel destruc- 
 
 INDIANS ATTACKING FRONTlEIiSMEN, 
 
 tion. By the close of the year victory had perched upon the American 
 banner, and on the 30th of November, provisional articles of peace had 
 been arranged between the Commissioners of England and her uncon- 
 querable colonies. Cornwallis had been defeated on the 19th of October 
 preceding, and the liberty of America was assured. On the 19th of 
 April following, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, peace was 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 57 
 
 proclaimed to the army of the United States, and on the 2d of the next 
 September, the definite treaty which ended our revolutionary struggle 
 was concluded. By the terms of that treaty, the boundaries of the West 
 were as follows : On the north the line was to extend along the center of 
 the Great Lakes ; from the western point of Lake Superior to Long Lake ; 
 thence to the Lake of the Woods ; thence to the head of the Mississippi 
 River; down its center to the 31st parallel of latitude, then on that line 
 east to the head of the Appalachicola River ; down its center to its junc- 
 tion with the Flint ; thence straight to the head of St. Mary's River, and 
 thence down along its center to the Atlantic Ocean. 
 
 Following the cessation of hostilities with England, several posts 
 were still occupied by the British in the Nortli and West. Among these 
 was Detroit, still in the hands of the enemy. Numerous engagements 
 with the Indians throughout Ohio and Lidiana occurred, upon whose 
 lands adventurous whites would settle ere the title had been acquired by 
 the proper treaty. 
 
 To remedy this latter evil. Congress appointed commissioners to 
 treat with the natives and purchase their lands, and prohibited the set- 
 tlement of the territory until this could be done. Before the close of the 
 year another attempt was made to capture Detroit, which was, however, 
 not pushed, and Virginia, no longer feeling the interest in the Northwest 
 she had formerly done, withdrew her troops, having on the 20th of 
 December preceding authorized the whole of her possessions to be deeded 
 to the United States. This was done on the 1st of March following, and 
 the Northwest Territory passed from the control of the Old Dominion. 
 To Gen. Clark and his soldiers, however, she gave a tract of one hundred 
 and fifty thousand acres of land, to be situated any where nortli of the 
 Ohio wherever they chose to locate them. They selected the region 
 opposite the falls of the Ohio, where is now the dihipidated village of 
 Clarksville, about midway between the Cities of New Albany and Jeffer- 
 sonville, Lidiana. 
 
 While the frontier remained thus, and Gen. Haldimand at Detroit 
 refused to evacuate alleging that he had no orders from his King to do 
 so, settlers were rapidly gathering about the inland forts. In the Spring 
 of 1784, Pittsburgh was regularly laid out, and from the journal of Arthur 
 Lee, who passed through the town soon after on his way to tlie Indian 
 council at Fort Mcintosh, we suppose it was not very prepossessing in 
 appearance. He says : 
 
 " Pittsburgh is inhabited almost entirely by Scots and Irish, who 
 live in paltry log houses, and are as dirty as if in the north of Ireland or 
 even Scotland. There is a great deal of trade carried on, the goods being 
 bought at the vast expense of forty-five shillings per pound from Phila- 
 
58 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 delphia and Baltimore. They take in the shops flour, wheat, skins and 
 money. There are in the town four attorneys, two doctors, and not a 
 priest of any persuasion, nor church nor chapel." 
 
 Kentucky at this time contained thirty thousand inhabitants, and 
 was beginning to discuss measures for a separation from Virginia. A 
 land office was opened at Louisville, and measures were adopted to take 
 defensive precaution against the Indians who were yet, in some instances, 
 incited to deeds of violence by the British, Before the close of this year, 
 1784, the military claimants of land began to occupy them, although no 
 entries were recorded until 1787. 
 
 The Indian title to the Northwest was not 3'et extinguished. Tliey 
 held large tracts of lands, and in order to prevent bloodshed Congress 
 adopted means for treaties with the original owners and [)rovided for the 
 surveys of the lands gained thereby, as well as for those north of the 
 Ohio, now in its possession. On January 31, 1786, a treaty was made 
 with the Wabash Indians. The treaty of Fort Stauwix had been made 
 in 1784. That at Fort Mcintosh in 1785, and through these much land 
 was gained. The Wabash Indians, however, afterward refused to C(,tmply 
 with the provisions of the treaty made with them, and in order to compel 
 their adherence to its provisions, force was used. Daring the year 1786, 
 the free navigation of the Mississippi came up in Congress, and caused 
 various discussions, which resulted in no definite action, only serving to 
 excite speculation in regard to the western lands. Congress had promised 
 bounties of land to the soldiers of -the Revolution, but owing to the 
 unsettled condition of affairs along the Mississippi respecting its naviga- 
 tion, and the trade of the Northwest, that body had, in 1783, declared 
 its inability to fulfill these promises until a treaty could be concluded 
 between tlie two Governments. Before the close of the year 1786, how- 
 ever, it was able, through the. treaties with the Indians, to allow some 
 grants and the settlement thereon, and on the 14th of September Con- 
 necticut ceded to the General Government the tract of land known as 
 the " Connecticut Reserve," and before the close of the following year a 
 large tract of land north of the Ohio was sold to a company, who at once 
 took measures to settle it. By the provisions of this grant, the company 
 were to pay the United States one dollar per acre, subject to a deduction 
 of one-third for bad lands and other contingencies. They received 
 750,000 acres, bounded on the south by the Ohio, on the east by the 
 seventh range of townships, on the west by the sixteenth range, and -on 
 the north by a line so drawn as to make the grant complete without 
 the reservations. In addition to this. Congress afterward granted 100,000 
 acres to actual settlers, and 214,285 acres as army bounties under the 
 resolutions of 1789 and 1790. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 6& 
 
 While Dr. Cutler, one of the agents of the company, was pressing- 
 its claims before Congress, that body was bringing into form an ordinance 
 for the political and social organization of this Territory. When the 
 cession was made by Virginia, in 1784, a plan was offered, but rejected. 
 A motion had been made to strike from the proposed plan the prohibition 
 of slavery, which prevailed. The plan was then discussed and altered, 
 and finally passed unanimously, with the exception of South Carolina. 
 By this proposition, the Territory was to have been divided into states 
 
 A PRAIRIE STORM. 
 
 by parallels and meridian lines. This, it was thought, would make ten 
 states, w^ich were to have been named as follows — beginning at the 
 northwest corner and going southwardly : Sylvania, Michigania, Cher- 
 sonesus, Assenisipia, Metropotamia, Illenoia, Saratoga, Washington, Poly- 
 potamia and Pelisipia. 
 
 There was a more serious objection to this plan than its category of 
 names, — the boundaries. The root of the difficulty was in the resolu- 
 tion of Congress passed in October, 1780, which fixed the boundaries 
 of the ceded lands to be from one hundred to one hundred and fifty miles 
 
60 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 square. These resolutions being presented to the Legislatures of Vir- 
 ginia and Massachusetts, they desired a change, and in July, 1786, the 
 subject was taken up in Congress, and changed to favor a division into 
 not more than five states, and not less than three. This was approved by 
 the State X<egislature of Virginia. The subject of the Government was 
 again taken up hj Congress in 1786, and discussed throughout that year 
 and until July, 1787, when the famous "Compact of 1787" was passed, 
 and the foundation of the government of the Northwest laid. This com- 
 pact is fully discussed and explained in the history of Illinois in this book, 
 and to it the reader is referred. 
 
 The passage of this act and the grant to the New England Company 
 was soon followed by an application to the Government by John Cleves 
 Symmes, of New Jersey, for a grant of the land between the Miamis. 
 This gentleman had visited these lands soon after the treaty of 1786, and, 
 being greatly pleased with them, offered similar terms to those given to the 
 New England Company. The petition was referred to the Treasury 
 Board with power to act, and a contract was concluded the following 
 year. During the Autumn the directors of the New England Company 
 were preparing to occupy their grant the following Spring, and upon the 
 23d of November made arrangements for a party of forty-seven men, 
 under the superintendency of Gen. Rufus Putnam, to set forward. Six 
 boat-builders were to leave at once, and on the first of January the sur- 
 veyors and their assistants, twenty-six in number, were to meet at Hart- 
 ford and proceed on their journey westward ; the remainder to follow as 
 soon as possible. Congress, in the meantime, upon the od of October, 
 had ordered seven liundred troops for defense of the western settlers, and 
 to prevent unauthorized intrusions ; and two days later appointed Arthur 
 St. Clair Governor of the Territory of the Northwest. 
 
 AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The civil organization of the Northwest Territory was now com- 
 plete, and notwithstanding the uncertainty of Indian affairs, settlers from 
 the; East began to come into the country rapidly. The New England 
 Company sent their men during the Winter of 1787-8 pressing on over 
 the Alleghenies by the old Indian path which had been opened into 
 Braddock's road, and which has since been made a national turnpike 
 from Cumberland westward. Through the weary winter days they toiled 
 on, and by April were all gathered on the Yohiogany, where boats had 
 been built, and at once started for the Muskingum. Here they arrived 
 on the 7th of that month, and unless the Moravian missionaries be regarded 
 as the pioneers of Ohio, this little band can justly claim that honor. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 61 
 
 Gen. St. Clair, the appointed Governor of the Northwest, not having: 
 yet arrived, a set of laws were passed, written out, and published by 
 being nailed to a tree in the embryo town, and Jonathan Meigs appointed 
 to administer them. 
 
 Washington in writing of this, the first American settlement in the 
 Northwest, said : " No colony in America was ever settled under 
 such favorable auspices as that which has just commenced at Muskingum. 
 Information, property and strength will be its characteristics. I know 
 many of its settlers personally, and there never were men better calcu- 
 lated to promote the welfare of such a community." 
 
 
 
 
 A PIONEER DWELMNG. 
 
 On the 2d of July a meeting of the directors and agents was held 
 on the banks of the Muskingum, " for the purpose of naming the new- 
 born city and its squares." As yet the settlement was known as the 
 "Muskingum," but that was now changed to the name Marietta, in honor 
 of Marie Antoinette. The square upon which the block -houses stood 
 was called "-Campus Martins ;'' square number 19, '' CapitoUmn ;'' square 
 number 61, "-Cecilia;'' and the great road through the covert way, " Sacra 
 Via.'' Two days after, an oration was delivered by James M. Varnum, 
 who with S. H. Parsons and John Armstrong had been appointed to the 
 judicial Ijench of the territory on the 16th of October, 1787. On July 9, 
 Gov. St. Clair arrived, and the colony began to assume form. The act 
 of 1787 provided two district grades of government for the Northwest, 
 
62 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 under the first of which the whole power was invested in the hands of a 
 governor and three district judges. This was immediately formed upon 
 the Governor's arrival, and the first laws of the colony passed on the 25th 
 of July. These provided for the organization of the militia, and on the 
 next day appeared the Governor's proclamation, erecting all that country 
 that had been ceded by the Indians east of the Scioto River into the 
 County of Washington. From that time forward, notwithstanding the 
 doubts yet existing as to the Indians, all Marietta prospered, and on the 
 2d of September the first court of the territory was held with imposing- 
 ceremonies. 
 
 The emigration westward at this time was very great. The com- 
 mander at Fort Harmer, at the mouth of the Muskingum, reported four 
 thousand five hundred persons as having passed that post between Feb- 
 ruary and June, 1788 — many of whom would have purchased of the 
 "Associates," as the New England Company Avas called, had they been 
 ready to receive them. 
 
 On the 26th of November, 1787, Symmes issued a pamphlet stating 
 the terms of his contract and the plan of sale he intended to arlopt. In 
 January, 1788, Matthias Denman, of New Jersey, took an active interest 
 in Symmes' purchase, and located among other tracts the sections upon 
 which Cincinnati has been built. Retaining one-third of this locality, he 
 sold the other two-thirds to Robert Patterson and John Filson, and the 
 three, about August, commenced to lay out a town on the spot, which 
 was designated as being opposite Licking River, to the mouth of which 
 they i)roposed to have a road cut from Lexington. The naming of the 
 town is thus narrated in the "Western Annals " : — " Mr. Filson, who had 
 been a schoolmaster, was appointed to name the town, and, in respect to 
 its situation, and as if with a prophetic perception of the mixed race that 
 were to inhabit it in after days, he named it Losantiville, which, being 
 interpreted, means : ville, the town ; anfi, against or opposite to ; os, the 
 mouth ; L. of Licking." 
 
 Meanwhile, in July, Symmes got thirty persons and eight four-horse 
 teams under way for the West. These reached Limestone (now Mays- 
 ville) in September, where were several persons from Redstone. Here 
 Mr. Symmes tried to found a settlement, but the great freshet of 1789 
 caused the " Point," as it was and is yet called, to be fifteen feet under 
 water, and the settlement to be abandoned. The little band of settlers 
 removed to the mouth of the Miami. Before Symmes and his colony left 
 the " Point," two settlements had been made on his purchase. The first 
 was by Mr. Stiltes, the original projector of the whole plan, who, with a 
 colony of Redstone people, had located at the mouth of the Miami, 
 whither Symmes went with his Maysville colony. Here a clearing had 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 63 
 
 been made by the Indians owing to the great fertility of the soil. Mr. 
 Stiltes with his colony came to this place on the 18th of November, 1788, 
 with twenty-six persons, and, building a block-house, prepared to remain 
 through the Winter. They named the settlement Columbia. Here they 
 were kindly treated by the Indians, but suffered greatly from the flood 
 of 1789. 
 
 On the 4th of March, 1789, the Constitution of the United States 
 went into operation, ancj on April 30, George Washington was inaug- 
 urated President of the American people, and during the next Summer, 
 an Indian war was commenced by the tribes north of the Ohio. The 
 President at first used pacific means ; but these failing, he sent General 
 Harmer against the hostile tribes. He destroyed several villages, but 
 
 BREAKING PRAIRIE 
 
 \c s-W^ '^'^^ ^^ 
 
 was defeated in two battles, near the present City of Fort Wayne, 
 Indiana. From this time till the close of 1795, the principal events were 
 the wars with the various Indian tribes. In 1796, General St. Clair 
 was appointed in command, and marched against the Indians ; but while 
 he was encamped on a stream, the St. Mary, a branch of the Maumee, 
 he was attacked and defeated with the loss of six hundred men. 
 
 General Wayne was now sent against the savages. In August, 1794, 
 he met them near the rapids of the Maumee, and gained a complete 
 victory. This success, followed by vigorous measures, compelled the 
 Indians to sue for peace, and on the 30th of July, the following year, the 
 treaty of Greenville was signed by the principal chiefs, by which a large 
 tract of country was ceded to the United States. 
 
 Before proceeding in our narrative, we will pause to notice Fort 
 Washington, erected in the early part of this war on the site of Cincinnati. 
 Nearly all of the great cities of the Northwest, and indeed of the 
 
64 , THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 whole country, have had their nuclei in those rude pioneer structures, 
 known as forts or stockades. Thus Forts Dearborn, Washington, Pon- 
 chartrain, mark the original sites of the now proud Cities of Chicago, 
 Cincinnati and Detroit. So of most of the flourishing cities east and west 
 of the Mississippi. Fort Washington, erected by Doughty in 1790, was a 
 rude but highly interesting structure. It was composed of a number of 
 strongly-built hewed log cabins. Those designed for soldiers' barracks 
 were a story and a half high, while those composing the officers quarters 
 were more imposing and more conveniently arranged and furnished. 
 The whole were so placed as to form a hollow square, enclosing about an 
 acre of ground, with a block house at each of the four angles. 
 
 The logs for the construction of this fort were cut from the ground 
 upon which it was erected. It stood between Third and Fourth Streets 
 of the present city (Cincinnati) extending east of Eastern Row, now 
 Broadway, which was then a narrow alley, and the eastern boundary of 
 of the town as it was originally laid out. On the bank of the river, 
 immediately in front of the fort, was an appendage of the fort, called the 
 Artificer's Yard. It contained about two acres of ground, enclosed by 
 small contiguous buildings, occupied by workshops and quarters of 
 laborers. Within this enclosure there was a large two-story frame house, 
 familiarly called the " Yellow House," built for the accommodation of 
 the Quartermaster General. For many years this was the best finished 
 and most commodious edifice in the Queen City. Fort Washington was 
 for some time the headquarters of both the civil and military governments 
 of the Northwestern Territory. 
 
 Following the consummation of the treaty various gigantic land spec- 
 ulations were entered into by different persons, who hoped to obtain 
 from the Indians in Michigan and northern Indiana, large tracts of lands. 
 These were generally discovered in time to prevent the outrageous 
 schemes from being carried out, and from involving the settlers in war. 
 On October 27, 1795, the treaty between the United States and Spain 
 was signed, whereby the free navigation of the Mississippi was secured. 
 
 No sooner had the treaty of 1795 been ratified than settlements began 
 to pour rapidly into the West. The great event of the year 1796 was the 
 occupation of that part of the Northwest including Michigan, which was 
 this year, under the provisions of the treaty, evacuated by the British 
 forces. The United States, owing to certain conditions, did not feel 
 justified in addressing the authorities in Canada in relation to Detroit 
 and other frontier posts. When at last the British authorities were 
 called to give them up, they at once complied, and General Wayne, who 
 had done so much to preserve the frontier settlements, and who, before 
 the year's close, sickened and died near Erie, transferred his head- 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 65 
 
 quarters to the neighborhood of the hakes, where a county named after 
 him was formed, which included the northwest of Ohio, all of Michigan, 
 and the northeast of Indiana. During this same year settlements were 
 formed at the present City of Chillicothe, along the Miami from Middle- 
 town to Piqua, while in the more distant West, settlers and speculators 
 began to appear in great numbers. In September, the City of Cleveland 
 was laid out, and during the Summer and Autumn, Samuel Jackson and 
 Jonathan Sharpless erected the first manufactory of paper — the " Red- 
 stone Paper Mill" — in the West. St. Louis contained some seventy 
 houses, and Detroit over three hundred, and. along the river, contiguous 
 to it, were more than three thousand inhabitants, mostly French Canadians, 
 Indians and half-breeds, scarcely any Americans venturing yet into that 
 part of the Northwest. ^ 
 
 The election of representatives for the territory had taken place, 
 and on the 4th of February, 1799, they convened at Losantiville — now 
 known as Cincinnati, having been named so by Gov. St. Clair, and 
 considered the capital of the Territory — to nominate persons from whom 
 the members of the Legislature were to be chosen in accordance with 
 a previous ordinance. This nomination being made, the Assembly 
 adjourned until the 16th of the following Septembei-. From those named 
 the President selected as members of the council, Henry Vandenburg, 
 of Vincennes, Robert Oliver, of Marietta, James Findlay and Jacob 
 Burnett, of Cincinnati, and David Vance, of Vanceville. On the 16th 
 of September the Territorial Legislature met, and on the 21th the two 
 houses were duly organized, Henry Vandenburg being elected President 
 of the Council. 
 
 The message of Gov. St. Clair was addressed to the Legislature 
 September 20th, and on October 13th that body elected as a delegate to 
 Congress Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison, who received eleven of the votes 
 cast, being a majority of one over his opponent, Arthur St. Clair, son of 
 Gen. St. Clair, 
 
 The whole number of acts passed at this session, and approved by 
 the Governor, were thirty-seven — eleven others were passed, but received 
 his veto. The most important of those passed related to the militia, to 
 the administration, and to taxation. On the 19th of December this pro- 
 tracted session of the first Legislature in the West was closed, and on the 
 30th of December the President nominated Charles Willing Bryd to the 
 office of Secretary of the Territory vice Wm. Henry Harrison, elected to 
 Congress. The Senate confirmed his nomination the next day. 
 
66 THE NOKTHWBST TERRITORY. 
 
 DIVISION OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 The increased emigration to the Northwest, the extent of the domain, 
 and the inconvenient modes of travel, made it very difficult to conduct 
 the ordinary operations of government, and rendered the efficient action 
 of courts almost impossible. To remedy this, it was deemed advisable to 
 divide the territory for civil purposes. Congress, in 1800, appointed a 
 committee to examine the question and report some means for its solution. 
 This committee, on the 3d of March, reported that : 
 
 "In the three western countries there has been but one court having 
 cognizance of crimes, in five years, and the immunity which offenders 
 experience attracts, as to an asylum, the most vile and abandoned crim- 
 inals, and at the same time deters useful citizens from making settlements 
 in such society. The extreme necessity of judiciary attention and assist- 
 ance is experienced in civil as well as in criminal cases. * * * * To 
 minister a remedy to these and other evils, it occurs to this committee 
 tliat it is expedient that a division of said territory into two distinct and 
 separate governments should be made ; and that such division be made 
 by a line beginning at the mouth of the Great Miami River, running 
 directly north until it intersects the boundary between the United States 
 and Canada." 
 
 The report was accepted by Congress, and, in accordance with its 
 suggestions, that body passed an Act extinguishing the Northwest Terri- 
 tory, which Act was approved May 7. Among its provisions were these : 
 
 " That from and after July 4 next, all that part of the Territory of 
 the United States northwest of the Ohio River, which lies to the westward 
 of a line beginning at a point on the Ohio, opposite to the mouth of the 
 Kentucky River, and running thence to Fort Recovery, and thence north 
 until it shall intersect the territorial line between the United States and 
 Canada, shall, for the purpose of temporary government, constitute a 
 separate territory, and be called the Indiana Territory." 
 
 After providing for the exercise of the civil and criminal powers of 
 the territories, and other provisions, the Act further provides: 
 
 " That until it shall otherwise be ordered by the Legislatures of the 
 said Territories, respectively, Chillicothe on the Scioto River shall be the 
 seat of government of the Territory of the United States northwest of the 
 Ohio River ; and that St. Vincennes on the Wabash River shall be the 
 seat of government for the Indiana Territory." 
 
 Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison was appointed Governor of the Indiana 
 Territory, and entered upon his duties about a year later. Connecticut 
 also about this time released her claims to the reserve, and in March a law 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITOJRy. 67 
 
 was passed accepting this cession. Settlements had been made upon 
 thirty-five of the townships in the reserve, mills had been built, and seven 
 hundred miles of road cut in various directions. On the 3d of Novembei- 
 the General Assembly met at Chillicothe. Near the close of the yea;-, 
 the first missionary of the Connecticut Reserve came, who found no 
 township containing more than eleven families. It was upon the first of 
 October that the secret treaty had been made between Napoleon and the 
 King of Spain, whereby the latter agreed to cede to France the province 
 of Louisiana. 
 
 In January, 1802, the Assembly of the Northwestern Territory char- 
 tered the college at Athens. From the earliest dawn of the western 
 colonies, education was promptly provided for, and as early as 1787, 
 newspapers were issued from Pittsburgh and Kentucky, and largely read 
 throughout the frontier settlements. Before the close of this year, the 
 Congress of the United States granted to the citizens of the Northwestern 
 territory the formation of a State government. One of the provisions of 
 the "compact of 1787" provided that whenever the number of inhabit- 
 ants within prescribed limits exceeded 45,000, they should be entitled to 
 a separate government. The prescribed limits of Ohio contained, from a 
 census taken to ascertain the legality of the act, more than that number, 
 and on the 30th of April, 1802, Congress passed the act defining its limits, 
 and ofi the 29th of November the Constitution of the new State of Ohio, 
 so named from the beautiful river forming its southern boundary, came 
 into existence. The exact limits of Lake Michigan were not then known, 
 but the territory now included within the State of Michigan was wholly 
 within the territory of Indiana. 
 
 Gen. Harrison, while residing at Vincennes, made several treaties 
 with the Indians, thereby gaining large tracts of lands. The next year is 
 memorable in the history of the West for the purchase of Louisiana from 
 France by the United States for $15,000,000. Thus by a peaceful mode, 
 the domain of the United States was extended over a large tract of 
 country west of the Mississippi, and was for a time under the jurisdiction 
 of the Northwest government, and, as has been mentioned in the early 
 part of this narrative, was called the "New Northwest." The limits 
 of this history will not allow a description of its territory. The same year 
 large grants of land were obtained from the Indians, and the House of 
 Representatives of the new State of Ohio signed a bill respecting the 
 College Township in the district of Cincinnati. 
 
 Before the close of the year. Gen. Harrison obtained additional 
 grants of lands from the various Indian nations in Indiana and the present 
 limits of Illinois, and on the 18th of August, 1804, completed a treaty at 
 St. Louis, whereby over 51,000,000 acres of lands were obtained from the 
 
68 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 aborigines. Measures were also taken to learn the condition of affairs in 
 and about Detroit. 
 
 C. Jouett, the Indian agent in Michigan, still a part of Indiana Terri- 
 tory, reported as follows upon the condition of matters at that post : 
 
 " The Town of Detroit. — The charter, which is for fifteen miles 
 square, was granted in the time of Louis XIV. of France, and is now, 
 from the best information I have been able to get, at Quebec. Of those 
 two hundred and twenty-five acres, only four are occupied by the town 
 and Fort Lenault. The remainder is a common, except twenty-four 
 acres, which were added twenty years ago to a farm belonging to Wm. 
 Macomb. * * * ^ stockade incloses the town, fort and citadel. The 
 pickets, as well as the public houses, are in a state of gradual decay. The 
 streets are narrow, straight and regular, and intersect each other at right 
 angles. The houses are, for the most part, low and inelegant." 
 
 During this year, Congress granted a township of land for the sup- 
 port of a college, and began to offer inducements for settlers in these 
 wilds, and the country now comprising the State of Michigan began to 
 fill rapidly with settlers along its southern borders. This same year, also, 
 a law was passed organizing the Southwest Territory, dividing it into two 
 portions, the Territory of New Orleans, which city was made the seat of 
 government, and the District of Louisiana, which was annexed to the 
 domain of Gen. Harrison. 
 
 On the 11th of January, 1805, the Territory of Michigan was formed, 
 Wm. Hull was appointed governor, with headquarters at Detroit, the 
 change to take effect on June 30. On the 11th of that month, a fiie 
 occurred at Detroit, which destroyed almost every building in the place. 
 When the officers of the new territory reached the post, they found it in 
 ruins, and the inhabitants scattered throughout the country. Rebuild- 
 ing, however, soon commenced, and ere long the town contained more 
 houses than before the fire, and many of them much better built. 
 
 While this was being done, Indiana had passed to the second grade 
 of government, and through her General Assembly had obtained large 
 tracts of land from the Indian tribes. To all this the celebrated Indian, 
 Tecumthe or Tecumseh, vigorously protested, and it was the main cause 
 of his attempts to unite the various Indian tribes in a conflict with the 
 settlers. To obtain a full account of these attempts, the workings of the 
 British, and the signal failure, culminating in the death of Tecumseh at 
 the battle of tlie Thames, and the close of the war of 1812 in the Northwest, 
 we will step aside in our story, and relate the principal events of his life, 
 and his connection with this conflict. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 69 
 
 TECUMSEH, THE SHAWANOE CHIEFTAIN. 
 
70 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 TECUMSEH, AND THE WAR OF 1812. 
 
 This famous Indian cliief was born about the year 1768, not far from 
 the site of the present City of Piqua, Ohio. His father, Puckeshinwa, 
 was a member of the Kisopok tribe of the Swanoese nation, and his 
 mother, Methontaske, was a member of the Turtle tribe of the same 
 people. They removed from Florida about the middle of the last century 
 to the birthplace of Tecumseh. In 1774, his father, who had risen to be 
 chief, was slain at the battle of Point Pleasant, and not long after Tecum- 
 seh, by his bravery, became the leader of his tribe. In 1795 he was 
 declared chief, and then lived at Deer Creek, near the site of the 
 present City of Urbana. He remained here about one year, when he 
 returned to Piqua, and in 1798, he went to White River, Indiana. In 
 1805, he and his brother, Laulewasikan (Open Door), who had announced 
 himself as a prophet, went to a tract of land on the Wabash River, given 
 them by the Pottawatomies and Kickapoos. From this date the chief 
 comes into prominence. He was now about thirty-seven years of age, 
 was five feet and ten inches in height, was stoutly built, and possessed of 
 enormous powers of endurance. His countenance was naturally pleas- 
 ing, and he was, in general, devoid of those savage attributes possessed 
 by most Indians. It is stated he could read and write, and had a confi- 
 dential secretary and adviser, named Billy Caldwell, a half-breed, who 
 afterward became chief of the Pottawatomies. He occupied the first 
 house built on the site of Chicago. At this time, Tecumseh entered 
 upon the great work of his life. He had long objected to the grants of 
 land made by the Indians to the whites, and determined to unite all the 
 Indian tribes into a league, in order that no treaties or grants of land 
 could be made save by the consent of this confederation. 
 
 He traveled constantly, going from north to south ; from the south 
 to the north, everywhere urging the Indians to this step. He was a 
 matchless orator, and his burning words had their effect. 
 
 Gen. Harrison, then Governor of Indiana, by watching the move- 
 ments of the Indians, became convinced that a grand conspiracy was 
 forming, and made preparations to defend the settlements. Tecumseh's 
 plan was similar to Pontiac's, elsewhere described, and to the cunning 
 artifice of that chieftain was added his own sagacity. 
 
 During the year 1809, Tecumseh and the prophet were actively pre- 
 paring for the work. In that year. Gen. Harrison entered into a treaty 
 with the Delawares, Kickapoos, Pottawatomies, Miamis, Eel River Indians 
 and Weas, in which these tribes ceded to the whites certain lands upon 
 the Wabash, to all of which Tecumseh entered a bitter protest, averring 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 71 
 
 as one principal reason that he did not want the Indians to give up any 
 lands north and west of the Ohio River. 
 
 Tecumseh, in August, 1810, visited the General at Vincennes and 
 held a council relating to the grievances of the Indians. Becoming unduly 
 angry at this conference he was dismissed from the village, and soon after 
 departed to incite the southern Indian tribes to the conflict. 
 
 Gen. Harrison determined to move upon the chief's headquarters at 
 Tippecanoe, and for this purpose went about sixty-five miles up the 
 Wabash, where he built Fort Harrison. From this place he went to the 
 prophet's town, where he informed the Indians he had no hostile inten- 
 tions, p;()\ ided they were true to the existing treaties. He encamped 
 near the village early in October, and on the morning of November 7, he 
 was attacked by a large force of the Indians, and the famous battle of 
 Tippecanoe occurred. The Indians were routed and their town broken 
 up. Tecumseh returning not long after, was greatly exasperated at his 
 brother, the prophet, even threatening to kill him for rashly precipitating 
 the war, and foiling his (Tecumseh's) plans. 
 
 Tecumseh sent word to Gen. Harrison that he was now returned 
 from the South, and was ready to visit the President as had at one time 
 previously been proposed. Gen. Harrison informed him he could not go 
 as a chief, which method Tecumseh desired, and the visit was never 
 made. 
 
 In June of the following year, he visited the Indian agent at 
 Fort Wayne. Here he disavowed any intention to make a war against 
 the United States, and reproached Gen. Harrison for marching against his 
 people. The agent replied to this ; Tecumseh listened with a cold indif- 
 ference, and after making a few general remarks, with a haughty air drew 
 his blanket about him, left the council house, and departed for Fort Mai- 
 den, in Upper Canada, where he joined the British standard. 
 
 He remained under this Government, doing effective work for the 
 Crown while engaged in the war of 1812 which now opened. He was, 
 however, always humane in his treatment of the prisoners, never allow- 
 ing his warriors to ruthlessly mutilate the bodies of those slain, or wan- 
 tonly murder the captive. 
 
 In the Summer of 181-3, Perry's victory on Lake Erie occurred, and 
 shortly after active preparations were made to capture Maiden. On the 
 27th of September, the American army, under Gen. Harrison, set sail for 
 the shores of Canada, and in a few hours stood around the ruins of Mai- 
 den, from which the British army, under Proctor, had retreated to Sand- 
 wich, intending to make its way to the heart of Canada by the Valley of 
 the Thames. On the 29th Gen. Harrison was at Sandwich, and Gen. 
 McArthur took possession of Detroit and the territory of Michigan. 
 
72 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 On the 2d of October, the Americans began their pursuit of Proctor, 
 whom they overtook on the 5th, and the battle of the Thames followed. 
 Early in the engagement, Tecumseh who was at the head of the column 
 of Indians was slain, and they, no longer hearing the voice of their chief- 
 tain, fled. The victory was decisive, and practically closed the war in 
 the Northwest. 
 
 INDIANS ATTACKING A STOCKADE. 
 
 Just who killed the great chief has been a matter of much dispute ; 
 but the weight of opinion awards the act to Col. Richard M, Johnson, 
 who fired at him with a pistol, the shot proving fatal. 
 
 In 1805 occurred Burr's Insurrection. He took possession of a 
 beautiful island in the Ohio, after the killing of Hamilton, and is charged 
 by many with attempting to set up an independent government. His 
 plans were frustrated by the general government, his property confiscated 
 and he was compelled to flee the country for safety. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 73 
 
 In January, 1807, Governor Hull, of Michigan Territory, made a 
 treaty with the Indians, whereby all that peninsula was ceded to the 
 United States. Before the close of the year, a stockade was built about 
 Detroit. It was also during this year that Indiana and Illinois endeavored 
 to obtain the repeal of that section of the compact of 1787, whereby 
 slavery was excluded from the Northwest Territory. These attempts, 
 however, all signally failed. 
 
 In 1809 it was deemed advisable to divide the Indiana Territory. 
 This was done, and the Territory of Illinois was formed from the western 
 part, the seat of government being fixed at Kaskaskia. The next year, 
 the intentions of Tecumseh manifested themselves in open hostilities, and 
 then began the events already narrated. 
 
 While this war was in progress, emigration to the West went on with 
 surprising rapidity. In 1811, under Mr. Roosevelt of New York, the 
 first steamboat trip was made on the Ohio, much to the astonishment of 
 the natives, many of whom fled in terror at the appearance of the 
 " monster." It arrived at Louisville on the 10th day of October. At the 
 close of the first week of January, 1812, it arrived at Natchez, after being 
 nearly overwhelmed in the great earthquake which occurred while on its 
 downward trip. 
 
 The battle of the Thames was fought on October 6, 1813. It 
 effectually closed hostilities in the Northwest, although peace was not 
 fully restored until July 22, 1814, when a treaty was formed at Green- 
 ville, under the direction of General Harrison, between the United States 
 and the Indian tribes, in which it was stipulated that the Indians should 
 cease hostilities against the Americans if the war were continued. Such, 
 happily, was not the case, and on the 24th of December the treaty 
 of Ghent was signed by the representatives of England and the United 
 States. This treaty was followed the next year by treaties with various 
 Indian tribes throughout the West and Northwest, and quiet was again 
 restored in this part of the new world. 
 
 On the 18th of March, 1816, Pittsburgh was incorporated as a city. 
 It then had a population of 8,000 people, and was already noted for its 
 manufacturing interests. On April 19, Indiana Territory was allowed 
 to form a state government. At that time there were thirteen counties 
 organized, containing about sixty-three thousand inhabitants. The first 
 election of state officers was held in August, when Jonathan Jennings 
 was chosen Governor. The officers were sworn in on November 7, and 
 on December 11, the State was formally admitted into the Union. For 
 some time the seat of government was at Corydon, but a more central 
 location being desirable, the present capital, Indianapolis (City of Indiana), 
 was laid out January 1, 1825. 
 
74 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 On tlie 28th of December the Bank of Illinois, at Shawneetown, was 
 chartered, with a capital of $300,000. At this period all banks were 
 under the control of the States, and were allowed to establish branches 
 at different convenient points. 
 
 Until this time Chillicothe and Cincinnati had in turn enjoyed the 
 privileges of being the capital of Ohio. But the rapid settlement of the 
 northern and eastern portions of the State demanded, as in Indiana, a 
 more central location, and before the close of the year, the site of Col- 
 umbus was selected and surveyed as the future capital of the State. 
 Banking had begun in Ohio as early as 1808, when the first bank was 
 chartered at Marietta, but here as elsewhere it did not bring to the state 
 the hoped-for assistance. It and other banks were subsequently unable 
 to redeem their currency, and were obliged to suspend. 
 
 In 1818, Illinois was made a state, and all the territory north of her 
 northern limits was erected into a separate territory and joined to Mich- 
 igan for judicial purposes. By the following year, navigation of the lakes 
 was increasing with great rapidity and affording an immense source of 
 revenue to the dwellers in the Northwest, but it was not until 1826 that 
 the trade was extended -to Lake Michigan, or that steamships began to 
 navigate the bosom of that inland sea. 
 
 Until the year 1832, the commencement of the Black Hawk War, 
 but few hostilities were experienced with the . Indians. Roads were 
 opened, canals were dug, cities were built, common schools were estab- 
 lished, universities were founded, many of which, especially the Michigan 
 University, have achieved a world wide-reputation. The people were 
 becoming wealthy. The domains of the United States had been extended, 
 and had the sons of the forest been treated with honesty and justice, the 
 record of many years would have been that of peace and continuous pros- 
 perity. 
 
 BLACK HAWK AND THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 
 
 This conflict, though confined to Illinois, is an important epoch in 
 the Northwestern history, being the last war with the Indians in this j)art 
 of the United States. 
 
 Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah, or Black Hawk, was born in the principal 
 Sac village, about three miles from the junction of Rock River with the 
 Mississippi, in the year 1767. His father's name was Py-e-sa or Pahaes ; 
 his grandfather's, Na-na-ma-kee, or the Thunderer. Black Hawk early 
 distinguished himself as a warrior, and at the age of fifteen was permitted 
 to paint and was ranked among the braves. About the year 1783, he 
 went on an expedition against the enemies of his nation, the Osages, one 
 
THE NORTHWEST TBRE.ITOKY. 
 
 75 
 
 BLACK HAWK, THE SAC CHIEFTAIN. 
 
76 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 of whom he killed and scalped, and for this deed of Indian bravery he was 
 permitted to join in the scalp dance. Three or four years after he, at the 
 head of two hundred braves, went on another expedition against the 
 Osages, to avenge the murder of some women and children belonging to 
 his own tribe. Meeting an equal number of Osage warriors, a fierce 
 battle ensued, in Avhich the latter tribe lost one-half their number. The 
 Sacs lost only about nineteen warriors. He next attacked the Cherokees 
 for a similar cause. In a severe battle with them, near the present City 
 of St. Louis, his father was slain, and Black Hawk, taking possession of 
 the " Medicine Bag," at once announced himself chief of the Sac nation. 
 He had now conquered the Cherokees, and about the year 1800, at the 
 head of five hundred Sacs and Foxes, and a hundred lowas, he waged 
 war a^-ainst the Osasre nation and subdued it. For two vears he battled 
 successfully with other Indian tribes, all of whom he conquered. 
 
 Black Hawk does not at any time seem to have been friendly to 
 the Americans. When on a visit to St. Louis to see his '' Spanish 
 Father," he declined to see any of the Americans, alleging, as a reason, 
 he did not want two fathers. 
 
 The treaty at St. Louis was consummated in 1804. The next year the 
 United States Government erected a fort near the head of the Des Moines 
 Rapids, called Fort Edwards. . This seemed to enrage Black Hawk, who 
 at once determined to capture Fort Madison, standing on the west side of 
 the Mississippi above the mouth of the Des Moines River. The fort was 
 garrisoned by about fifty men. Here he was defeated. The difficulties 
 with the British Government arose about this time, and the War of 1812 
 followed. That government, extending aid to the Western Indians, by 
 giving them arms and ammunition, induced them to remain hostile to the 
 Americans. In August, 1812, Black Hawk, at the head of about five 
 hundred braves, started to join the British forces at Deti-oit, passing on 
 his way the site of Chicago, where the famous Fort Deaiboni Massacre 
 had a few days before occurred. Of his connection with the British 
 Government but little is known. In 1813 he with his little band descended 
 the Mississippi, and attacking some United States troops at Fort Howard 
 was defeated. 
 
 In the early part of 1815, the Indian tribes west of the Mississippi 
 were notified that peace had been declared between the United States 
 and England, and nearly all hostilities had ceased. Black Hawk did not 
 sign any treat}-, however, until May of the following year. He then recog- 
 nized the validity of the treaty at St. Louis in 1804. From the time of 
 signing this treaty in 1816, until the breaking out of the war in 1832, he 
 and his band passed their time in the common pursuits of Indian life. 
 
 Ten years before the commencement of this war, the Sac and Fox 
 
THE NOETHWEST TERRITORY. 77 
 
 Indians were urged to join the lowas on the west bank of the Father of 
 Waters. All were agreed, save the band known as the British Band, of 
 which Black Hawk was leader. He strenuously objected to the removal, 
 and was induced to comply only after being threatened with the power of 
 the Government. This and various actions on the part of the white set- 
 tlers provoked Black Hawk and his band to attempt the capture of his 
 native village now occupied by the whites. The war followed. He and 
 his actions were undoubtedly misunderstood, and had his wishes been 
 acquiesced in at the beginning of the struggle, much bloodshed would 
 have been prevented. 
 
 Black Hawk was chief now of the Sac and Fox nations, and a noted 
 warrior. He and his tribe inhabited a village on Rock River, nearly three 
 miles above its confluence with the Mississippi, where the tribe had lived 
 many generations. When that portion of Illinois was reserved to them, 
 they remained in peaceable possession of their reservation, spending their 
 time in the enjoyment of Indian life. The fine situation of their village 
 and the quality of tlieir lands incited the more lawless white settlers, who 
 from time to time began to encroach upon the red men's domain. From 
 one pretext to another, and from one step to another, the crafty white 
 men gained a foothold, until through whisky and artifice they obtained 
 deeds from many of the Indians for their possessions. The Indians were 
 finally induced to cross over the Father of Waters and locate among the 
 lowas. Black Hawk was strenuously opposed to all this, but as the 
 authorities of Illinois and the United States thought this the best move, he 
 was forced to comply. Moreover other tribes joined the whites and urged 
 the removal. Black Hawk would not agree to the terms of the treaty 
 made with his nation for their lands, and as soon as the military, called to 
 enfome his removal, had retired, he returned to the Illinois side of the 
 rive/. ' A large force was at once raised and mai'ched against ftini. On 
 the evening of May 14, 1882, the first engagement occurred between a 
 band from this army and Black Hawk's band, in which the former were 
 defeated. 
 
 This attack and its result aroused the whites. A large force of men 
 was raised, and Gen. Scott hastened from the seaboard, by way of the 
 lakes, with United States troops and artillery to aid in the subjugation of 
 the Indians. On the 24th of June, Black Hawk, with 200 v\'arriors, was 
 repulsed by Major Demont between Rock River and Galena. The Ameri- 
 can army continued to move up Rock River toward the main body of 
 the Indians, and on the 21st of July came upon Black Hawk and his band, 
 and defeated them near the Blue Mounds, y^ ^^, "^. .,. . ,^,^,j) ^f/, 
 
 Before this action. Gen. Henry, in command, sent word to the main 
 army by whom he was immediately rejoined, and the whole crossed the 
 
78 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 Wisconsin in pursuit of Black Hawk and his band who were fleeing to the 
 Mississippi. 'They were overtaken on the 2d of August, and in the battle 
 which followed the power of the Indian chief was completely broken. He 
 fled, but was seized by the Winnebagoes and delivered to the whites. 
 
 On the 21st of September, 1832, Gen. Scott and Gov. Reynolds con- 
 cluded a treaty with the Winnebagoes, Sacs and Foxes by which they 
 ceded to the United States a vast tract of country, and agreed to remain 
 peaceable with the whites. For the faithful performance of the provi- 
 sions of this treaty on the part of the Indians, it was stipulated that 
 Black Hawk, his two sons, the prophet Wabokieshiek, and six other chiefs 
 of the hostile bands should be retained as hostages during the pleasure 
 of the President. They were confined at Fort Barracks and put in irons. 
 
 The next Spring, by order of the Secretary of War, they were taken 
 to Washington. From there they were removed to Fortress Monroe, 
 "there to remain until the conduct of their nation was such as to justify 
 their being set at liberty." They were retained here until the 4th of 
 June, when the authorities directed them to be taken to the principal 
 cities so that they might see the folly of contending against the white 
 people. Everywhere they were observed by thousands, the name of the 
 old chief being extensively known. By the middle of August they 
 reached Fort Armstrong on Rock Island, Avhere Black Hawk was soon 
 after released to go to his countrymen. As he passed the site of his birth- 
 place, now the home of the white man, he w^as deeply moved. His village 
 where he was born, where he had so happily lived, and where he had 
 hoped to die, was now another's dwelling place, and he was a wanderer. 
 
 On the next day after his release, he went at once to his tribe and 
 his lodge. His wife was yet living, and with her he passed the remainder 
 of his days. To his credit it may be said that Black Hawk always re- 
 mained true to his wife, and served her with a devotion uncommon among 
 the Indians, living with her upward of forty years. • ; 
 
 Black Hawk now passed his time hunting and fishing. A deep mel- 
 ancholy had settled over him from which he could not be freed. At all 
 times when he visited the whites he was received -with marked atten- 
 tion. He was an honored guest at the old settlers' reunion in Lee County, 
 Illinois, at some of their meetings, and received many tokens of esteem. 
 In September, 1838, while on his way to Rock Island to receive his 
 annuity from the Government, he contracted a severe cold which resulted 
 in a fatal attack of bilious fever which terminated his life on October 3. 
 His faithful wife, who was devotedly attached to him, mourned deeply 
 during his sickness. After his death he was dressed in the uniform pre- 
 sented to him by the President while in Washington. He was buried in 
 a grave six feet in depth, situated upon a beautiful eminence. " The 
 
THE NORTHWEST TEREITORY. 79 
 
 body was placed in the middle of the grave, in a sitting posture, upon a 
 seat constructed for the purpose. On his left side, the cane, given him 
 by Henry Clay, was placed upright, with his right hand resting upon it. 
 Many of the old warrior's trophies were placed in the grave, and some 
 Indian gaiments, together with his favorite weapons." 
 
 No sooner was the Black Hawk war concluded than settlers began 
 rapidly to pour into the northern parts of Illinois, and into Wisconsin, 
 now free from Indian depredations. Chicago, from a trading post, had 
 grown to a commercial center, and was rapidly coming into prominence. 
 In 1835, the formation of a State Government in Michigan was discussed, 
 but did not take active form until two years later, when the State became 
 a part of the Federal Union. 
 
 The main attraction to that portion of the Northwest lying west of 
 Lake Michigan, now included in the State of Wisconsin, was its alluvial 
 wealth. Copper ore was found about Lake Superior. For some time this 
 region was attached to Michigan for judiciar}^ purposes, but in 183() was 
 made a territory, then including Minnesota and Iowa. The latter State 
 was detached two years later. In 1848, Wisconsin was admitted as a 
 State, Madison being made the capital. We have now traced the various 
 divisions of the Northwest. Territory (save a little in Minnesota) from 
 the time it was a unit comprising this vast territory, until circumstances 
 compelled its present division. 
 
 OTHER INDIAN TROUBLES. 
 
 Before leaving this part of the narrative, we will narrate briefly the 
 Indian troubles in Minnesota and elsewhere by the Sioux Indians. 
 
 In August, 1862, the Sioux Indians living on the western borders of 
 Minnesota fell upon the unsuspecting settlers, and in a few hours mas- 
 sacred ten or twelve hundred persons. A distressful panic was the 
 immediate result, fully thirty thousand persons fleeing from their homes 
 to districts supposed to be better protected. The military authorities 
 at once took active measures to punish the savages, and a large number 
 were killed and captured. About a year after. Little Crow, the chief, 
 was killed by a Mr. Lampson near Scattered Lake. Of those captured, 
 thirty were hung at Mankato, and the remainder, through fears of mob 
 violence, were removed to Camp McClellan, on the outskirts of the City 
 of Davenport. It was here that Big Eagle came into prominence and 
 secured his release by the following order ; 
 
80 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 BIG EAGLE. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TEKRITORY. 81 
 
 "Special Order, No. 430. "War Department, 
 
 " Adjutant General's Office, Washington, Dec. 3, 1864. 
 
 " Big Eagle, an Indian now in confinement at Davenport, Iowa, 
 will, upon the receipt of this order, be immediately released from confine- 
 ment and set at liberty. 
 
 " By order of the President of the United States. 
 " Ofiicial : " E. D. Townsend, Ass't Adft aen. 
 
 " Capt. James Vanderventer, Corti'y Sub. Vols. 
 
 " Through Com'g Gen'l, Washington, D. C." 
 
 Another Indian who figures more prominently than Big Eagle, and 
 who was more cowardly in his nature, with his band of Modoc Indians, 
 is noted in the annals of the New Northwest: we refer to Captain Jack. 
 This distinguished Indian, noted for his cowardly murder of Gen. Canby, 
 was a chief of a Modoc tribe of Indians inhabiting the border lands 
 between California and Oregon, This region of country comprises what 
 is known as the " Lava Beds," a tract of land described as utterly impene- 
 trable, save by those savages who had made it their home. 
 
 The Modocs are known as an exceedingly fierce and treacherous 
 race. They had, according to their own traditions, resided here for many 
 generations, and at one time were exceedingly numerous and powerful. 
 A famine carried off nearly half their numbers, and disease, indolence 
 and the vices of the white man have reduced them to a poor, weak and 
 insignificant tribe. 
 
 Soon after the settlement of California and Oregon, complaints began 
 to be heard of massacres of emigrant trains passing through the Modoc 
 country. In 1847, an emigrant train, comprising eighteen souls, was en- 
 tirely destroyed at a place since known as " Bloody Point." These occur- 
 rences caused the United States Government to appoint a peace commission, 
 who, after repeated attempts, in 1864, made a treaty with the Modocs, 
 Snakes and Klamath s, in which it was agreed on their part to remove to 
 a reservation set apart for them in the southern part of Oregon. 
 
 With the exception of Captain Jack and a band of his followers, who 
 remained at Clear Lake, about six miles from Klamath, all the Indians 
 complied. The Modocs who went to the reservation were under chief 
 Schonchin. Captain Jack remained at the lake without disturbance 
 until 1869, when he was also induced to remove to the reservation. The 
 Modocs and the Klamaths soon became involved in a quarrel, and Captain 
 Jack and his band returned to the Lava Beds. 
 
 Several attempts were made by the Indian Commissioners to induce 
 them to return to the reservation, and finally becoming involved in a 
 
82 THE NORTHWEST TERKITORY. 
 
 difficulty with the commissioner and his military escort, a fight ensued, 
 in which the chief and his band were routed. They were greatly enraged, 
 and on their retreat, before the day closed, killed eleven inoffensive wliites. 
 
 The nation was aroused and immediate action demanded. A com- 
 mission was at once appointed by the Government to see what could be 
 done. It comprised the following persons : Gen. E. R. S. Canby, Rev. 
 Dr. E. Thomas, a leading Methodist divine of California ; Mr. A. B. 
 Meacham, Judge Rosborough, of California, and a Mr. Dyer, of Oregon. 
 After several interviews, in which the savages were always aggressive, 
 often appearing with scalps in their belts. Bogus Charley came to the 
 commission on the evening of April 10, 1873, and informed them that 
 Capt. Jack and his band would have a " talk " to-morrow at a place near 
 Clear Lake, about three miles distant. Here the Commissioners, accom- 
 panied by Charley, Riddle, the interpreter, and Boston Charley repaired. 
 After the usual greeting the council proceedings commenced. On behalf 
 of the Indians there were present : Capt. Jack, Black Jim, Schnac Nasty 
 Jim, Ellen's Man, and Hooker Jim. They had no guns, but carried pis- 
 tols. After short speeches by Mr. iMeacham, Gen. Canby and Dr. Thomas, 
 Chief Schonchin arose to speak. He had scarcely proceeded when, 
 as if by a preconcerted arrangement, Capt. Jack drew his pistol and shot 
 Gen. Canby dead. In less than a minute a dozen shots were fired b}^ the 
 savages, and the massacre completed. Mr. Meacham was shot by Schon- 
 chin, and Dr. Thomas by Boston Charley. Mr. Dyer barely escaped, being 
 fired at twice. Riddle, the interpreter, and his squaw escaped. The 
 troops rushed to the spot where they found Gen. Canby and Dr. Thomas 
 dead, and Mr. Meacham badly wounded. The savages had escaped to 
 their impenetrable fastnesses and could not be pursued. 
 
 The whole country was aroused by this brutal massacre ; but it was 
 not until the following May that the murderers were brought to justice. 
 At that time Boston Charley gave himself up, and offered to guide the 
 troops to Capt. Jack's stronghold. This led to the capture of his entire 
 gang, a number of whom were murdered bv Oregon volunteers while on 
 their way to trial. The remaining Indians were held as prisoners until 
 July when their trial occurred, which led to the conviction of Capt. 
 Jack, Schonchin, Boston Charley, Hooker Jim, Broncho, alias One-Eyed 
 Jim, and Slotuck, who were sentenced to be hanged. These sentences 
 were approved by the President, save in the case of Slotuck and Broncho 
 whose sentences were commuted to imprisonment for life. The others 
 were executed at Fort Klamath, October 3, 1873. 
 
 These closed the Indian troubles for a time in the Northwest, and for 
 several years the borders of civilization remained in peace. They were 
 again involved in a conflict with the savages about the country of the 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 83 
 
 CAPTAIN JACK, THE MODOC CHIEFTAIN. 
 
84 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 Black • Hills, in which war the gallant Gen. Custer lost his life. Just 
 now the borders of Oregon and California are again in fear of hostilities ; 
 but as the Government has learned how to deal with the Indians, they 
 will be of short duration. The red man is fast passing away before the 
 march of the white man, and a few more generations will read of the 
 Indians as one of the nations of the past. 
 
 The Northwest abounds in memorable places. We have generally 
 noticed them in the narrative, but our space forbids their description in 
 detail, save of the most important places. Detroit, Cincinnati, Vincennes, 
 Kaskaskia and their kindred towns have all been described. But ere we 
 leave the narrative we will present our readers with an account of the 
 Kinzie house, the old landmark of Chicago, and the discovery of the 
 source of the Mississippi River, each of which may well find a place in 
 the annals of the Northwest. 
 
 Mr. John Kinzie, of the Kinzie house, represented in the illustra- 
 tion, established a trading house at Fort Dearborn in 1804. The stockade 
 had been erected the year previous, and named Fort Dearborn in honor 
 of the Secretary of War. It had a block house at each of the two angles, 
 on the southern side a sallyport, a covered way on the north side, that led 
 down to the river, for the double purpose of providing means of escape, 
 and of procuring water in the event of a siege. 
 
 Fort Dearborn stood on the south bank of the Chicago River, about 
 half a mile from its mouth. When Major Whistler built it, his soldiers 
 hauled all the timber, for he had no oxen, and so economically did he 
 work that the fort cost the Government only fifty dollars. For a while 
 the garrison could get no grain, and Whistler and his men subsisted on 
 acorns. Now Chicago is the greatest grain center in the world. 
 
 Mr. Kinzie bought the hut of the first settler, Jean Baptiste Point au 
 Sable, on the site of which he erected his mansion. Within an inclosure 
 in front he planted some Lombardy poplars, seen in the engraving, and in 
 the rear he soon had a fine garden and growing orchard. 
 
 In 1812 the Kinzie house and its surroundings became the theater 
 of stirring events. The garrison of Fort Dearborn consisted of fifty-four 
 men, under the charge of Capt. Nathan Heald, assisted by Lieutenant 
 Lenai T. Helm (son-in-law to Mrs. Kinzie), and Ensign Ronan. The 
 surgeon was Dr. Voorhees. The only residents at the post at that time 
 were the wives of Capt. Heald and Lieutenant Helm and a few of the 
 soldiers, Mr. Kinzie and his family, and a few Canadian voyagers with their 
 wives and children. The soldiers and Mr. Kinzie were on the most 
 friendly. terms with the Pottawatomies and the Winnebagoes, the prin- 
 cipal tribes around them, but they could not win them from their attach- 
 ment to the British. 
 
 I 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 85 
 
 After the battle of Tippecanoe it was observed that some of the lead- 
 ing chiefs became sullen, for some of their people had perished in that 
 conflict with American troops. 
 
 One evening in April, 1812, Mr. Kinzie sat playing his violin and his 
 children were dancing to the music, when Mrs. Kinzie came rushing into 
 the house pale with terror, and exclaiming, " The Indians ! the Indians I " 
 " What? Where? " eagerly inquired Mr. Kinzie. "• Up at Lee's, killing 
 and seal2)ing," answered the frightened motlier, who, when the alarm was 
 given, was attending Mrs. Burns, a newly-made mother, living not far off. 
 
 KINZIE HOUSE. 
 
 Mr. Kinzie and his family crossed the river in boats, and took refuge in 
 the fort, to which place Mrs. Burns and her infant, not a day old, were 
 conveyed in safety to the shelter of the guns of Fort Dearborn, and the 
 rest of the white inhabitants fled. The Indians were a scalping party of 
 Winnebagoes, who hovered around the fort some days, when they dis- 
 appeared, and for several weeks the inhabitants were not disturbed by 
 alarms. 
 
 Chicago was then so deep in the wilderness, that the news of the 
 declaration of war against Great Britain, made on the 19th of June, 1812, 
 did not reach the commander of the garrison at Fort Dearborn till the 7tli 
 of August. Now the fast mail train will carry a man from New York to 
 Chicago in twenty-seven hours, and such a declaration might be sent, 
 every word, by the telegraph in less than the same number of minutes. 
 
THE irOETHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 87 
 
 PRESENT CONDITION OF THE NORTHWEST. 
 
 Preceding chapters have brought us to the close of the Black Hawk 
 war, and Ave now turn to the contemplation of the growth and jDrosperity 
 of the Northwest under the smile of peace and the blessings of our civili- 
 z?-tinn. The pioneers of this region date events back to the deep snow 
 
 A REPRESENTATIVE PIOXEER. 
 
 of 1831, no one arriving here since that date taking first honors. The 
 inciting cause of the immigration which overflowed the prairies early in 
 the '30s was the reports of the marvelous beauty and fertility of the 
 region distributed through the East by those who had participated in the 
 Black Hawk campaign with Gen. Scott. Chicago and Milwaukee then 
 had a few hundred inhabitants, and Gurdon S. Hubbard's trail from the 
 former citv to Kaskaskia led almost through a wilderness. Vesretables 
 and clothing were largely distributed through the regions adjoining the 
 
88 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 lakes by steamers from the Ohio towns. There are men now living in 
 Illinois who came to the state when barely an acre was in cultivation, 
 and a man now prominent in the business circles of Chicago looked over 
 the swampy, cheerless site of that metropolis in 1818 and went south- 
 ward into civilization. Emigrants from Pennsylvania in 1830 left behind 
 
 LIN'OOLN JLONUMENT, SPKINGFIELD, ILLINOIS. 
 
 them but one small railway in the coal regions, thirty miles in length, 
 and made their way to the Northwest mostly with ox teams, finding in 
 Northern Illinois petty settlements scores of miles apart, although the 
 southern portion of the state was fairly dotted with farms. The 
 water courses of the lakes and rivers furnished transportation to the 
 second great army of immigrants, and about 1850 railroads were 
 pushed to that extent that the crisis of -1837 was precipitated upon us, 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 89 
 
 from the effects of which the Western country had not fully recovered 
 at the outbreak of the war. Hostilities found the colonists of the prairies 
 fully alive to the demands of the occasion, and the honor of recruiting 
 
 the vast armies of the Union fell largely to Gov. Yates, of Illinois, and 
 Gov. Morton, of Indiana. To recount the share of the glories of the 
 campaign won "by cur Western troops is a needless task, except to 
 mention the fact that Illinois gave to zhe nation the President who saved 
 
90 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 it, and sent out at the head of one of its regiments tne general who led 
 its armies to the final victory at Appomattox. The struggle, on the 
 
 FAKM VIKVV IN WINTER. 
 
 whole, had a marked effect for the better on the new Northwest, giving 
 it an impetus which twenty years of peace would not have produced. 
 In a large degree this prosperity was an inflated one, and with the rest 
 of the Union we have since been compelled to atone therefor by four 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 91 
 
 SPRING SCENE. 
 
rtiiii|f ii-'^ii m.^ 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 93 
 
 years of depression of values, of scarcity of employment, and loss of 
 fortune. To a less degree, however, than the manufacturing or mining- 
 regions has the West suffered during the prolonged panic now so near its 
 end. Agriculture, still the leading feature in our industries, has beeh 
 quite prosperous through all these dark years, and the farmers liave 
 cleared away many incumbrances resting over them from the period of 
 fictitious values. The population has steadily increased, the arts and 
 sciences are gaining a stronger foothold, the trade area of the region is 
 becoming daily more extended, and we have been largely exempt from 
 the financial calamities which have nearly wrecked communities on the 
 seaboard dependent wholly on foreign commerce or domestic manufacture. 
 
 At the present period there are no great schemes broached for the 
 Northwest, no propositions for government subsidies or national works 
 of improvement, but the capital of the world is attracted liither for the 
 j)urchase of our products or the expansion of our capacity for serving the 
 nation at large. A new era is dawning as to transportation, and we bid 
 fair to deal almost exclusively with the increasing and expanding lines 
 of steel rail running through every few miles of territory on the prairies. 
 The lake marine will no doubt' continue to be useful in the warmer 
 season, and to serve as a regulator of freight rates; but experienced 
 navigators forecast the decay of the system in moving to the seaboard 
 the enormous crops of the West. Within the past five years it has 
 become quite common to see direct shipments to Europe and the West 
 Indies going through from the second-class towns along the Mississippi 
 and Missouri. 
 
 As to popular education, the standard has of late risen very greatly, 
 and our schools would be creditable to any section of the Union. 
 
 More and more as the events of the war pass into obscurity will the 
 fate of the Northwest be linked with that of the Southwest, and the 
 next Congressional apportionment will give the valley of the Mississippi 
 absolute control of the legislation of the nation, and do much toward 
 securing the removal of the Federal capitol to some more central location. 
 
 Our public men.continue to wield the full share of influence pertain- 
 ing to their rank in the national autonomy, and seem not to forget that 
 for the past sixteen years they and their constituents have dictated the 
 principles which should govern the country. 
 
 In a work like this, destined to lie on the shelves of the library for 
 generations, and not doomed to daily destruction like a newsi)apei', one 
 can not indulge in the same glowing predictions, the sanguine [statements 
 of actualities that fill the columns of ephemeral publications. Time may 
 bring grief to the pet projects of a writer, and explode castles erected on 
 a pedestal of facts. Yet there are unmistakable indications before us of 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 95 
 
 I the same radical change in our great Northwest which characterizes its 
 history for the past thirty years. Our domain has a sort of natural 
 geographical border, save where it melts away to the southward in the 
 cattle raising districts of the southwest. 
 
 Our prime interest will for some years doubtless be the growth of 
 
 S the food of the world, in which branch it has already outstripped all 
 competitors, and our great rival in this duty will naturally be the fertile 
 
 ^plains of Kansas, Nebraska and Colorado, to say nothing of the new 
 
 i empire so rapidly growing up in Texas. Over these regions there is a 
 
 i continued progress in agriculture and in railway building, and we must 
 look to our laurels. Intelligent observers of events are fully aware of 
 , the strides made in the Avay of shipments of fresh meats to Europe, 
 jmany of these ocean cargoes being actually slaughtered in the West and 
 transported on ice to the wharves of the seaboard cities. That this new 
 enterprise will continue there is no reason to doubt. There are in 
 Chicago several factories for the canning of prepared meats for European 
 consumption, and the orders for this class of goods are already immense. 
 English capital is becoming daily more and more dissatisfied with railway 
 ^ loans and investments, and is gradually seeking mammoth outlays in 
 
 ! lands and live stock. The stock yards in Chicago, Indianapolis and East 
 St. Louis are yearly increasing their facilities, and their plant steadily 
 J grows more valuable. Importations of blooded animals from the pro- 
 1 gressive countries of Europe are destined to greatly improve the quality 
 jl of our beef and mutton. Nowhere is there to be seen a more enticing 
 ; display in this line than at our state and county fairs, and the interest 
 ! in the matter is on the increase. 
 
 To attempt to give statistics of our grain production for 1877 would 
 
 j; be useless, so far have we surpassed ourselves in tlie quantity and 
 
 I quality of our product. We are too liable to forget that we are giving 
 
 \ the world its first article of necessity — its food supply. An opportunity 
 
 to learn this fact so it never can be forgotten was afforded at Chicago at 
 
 ;, tlie outbreak of the great panic of 1873, when Canadian purchasers, 
 
 i fearing the prostration of business mightbring about an anarchical condition 
 
 C of afi^airs, went to that city with coin* in bulk and foreign drafts to secure 
 
 I their supplies in their own currency at first hands. It may be justly 
 
 I claimed by the agricultural community that their combined efforts gave 
 
 I the nation its first impetus toward a restoration of its crippled industries, 
 
 p and their labor brought the gold premium to a lower depth than the 
 
 s government was able to reach hy its most intense efforts of legislation 
 
 and compulsion. The hundreds of millions about to be disbursed for 
 
 farm products have already, by the anticipation common to all commercial 
 
96 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 nations, set the wheels in motion, and will relieve us from the perils so 
 long shadowing our efforts to return to a healthy tone. 
 
 Manufacturing has attained in the chief cities a foothold which bids 
 fair to render the Northwest independent of the outside world. Nearly 
 
 our whole region has a distribution of coal measures which will in time 
 support the manufactures necessary to our comfort and prosperity. As 
 to transportation, the chief factor in the production of all articles excei."" 
 food, no section is so magnificently endowed, and our facilities are yearly 
 increasing beyond those of any other region. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 97 
 
 The period from a central point of the war to the outbreak of the 
 panic was marked by a tremendous growth in our railway lines, but the 
 depression of the times caused almost a total suspension of operations. 
 Now that prosperity is returning to our stricken country we witness its 
 anticipation by the railroad interest in a series of projects, extensions, 
 and leases which bid fair to largely increase our transportation facilities. 
 The process of foreclosure ^nd sale of incumbered lines is another matter 
 to be considered. In the case of the Illinois Central road, which formerly 
 transferred to other lines at Cairo the vast burden of freight destined for 
 the Gulf region, we now see the incorporation of the tracks connecting 
 through to New Orleans, every mile co-operating in turning toward the 
 northwestern metropolis the weight of the inter-state commerce of a 
 thousand miles or more of fertile plantations. Three competing routes 
 to Texas have established in Chicago their general freight and passenger 
 agencies. Four or five lines compete for all Pacific freights to a point as 
 as far as the interior of Nebraska. Half a dozen or more splendid bridge 
 structures have been thrown across the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers by 
 the railways. The Chicago and Northwestern line has become ah aggre- 
 gation of over two thousand miles of rail, and the Chicago, Milwaukee 
 and St. Paul is its close rival in extent and importance. The three lines 
 running to Caira via Vincennes form a through route for all traffic with 
 the states to the southward. The chief projects now under discussion 
 are the Chicago and Atlantic, which is to unite with lines now built to 
 Charleston, and the Chicago and Canada Southern, which line will con- 
 nect with all the various branches of that Canadian enterprise. Our 
 latest new road is the Chicago and Lake Huron, formed of three lines, 
 and entering the city from Valparaiso on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne 
 and Chicago track. The trunk lines being mainly in operation, the 
 progress made in the way of shortening tracks, making air-line branches, 
 and running extensions does not show to the advantage it deserves, as 
 this process is constantly adding new facilities to the established order 
 of things. The panic reduced the price of steel to a point where the 
 railways could hardly afford to use iron rails, and all our northwestern 
 lines report large relays of Bessemer track. The immense crops now 
 being moved have given a great rise to the value of railway stocks, and 
 their transportation must result in heavy pecuniary advantages. 
 
 Few are aware of the importance of the wholesale and jobbing trade 
 of Chicago. One leading firm has since the panic sold $24,000,000 of 
 dry goods in one year, and they now expect most confidently to add 
 seventy per cent, to the figures of their last year's business. In boots 
 and shoes and in clothing, twenty or more great firms from the east have 
 placed here their distributing agents or their factories ; and in groceries 
 
98 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 Chicago supplies the entire Northwest at rates presenting advantages 
 over New York. 
 
 Chicago has stepped in between New York and the rural banks as a 
 financial center, and scarcely a banking institution in the grain or cattle 
 regions but keeps its reserve funds in the vaults of our commercial insti- 
 tutions. Accumulating here throughout the spring and summer months, 
 they are summoned home at pleasure to move the products of the 
 prairies. This process greatly strengthens the northwest in its financial 
 operations, leaving home capital to supplement local operations on 
 behalf of home interests. 
 
 It is impossible to forecast the destiny of this grand and growing 
 section of the Union. Figures and predictions made at this date might 
 seem ten years hence so ludicrously small as to excite only derision. 
 
ILLINOIS. 
 
 Length, 380 miles, mean width about 156 miles. Area, 55,410 square 
 miles, or 35,462,400 acres. Illinois, as regards its surface, constitutes a 
 table-land at a varying elevation ranging between 350 and 800 feet above 
 the sea level ; composed of extensive and highly fertile prairies and plains. 
 Much of the south division of the State, especially the river-bottoms, are 
 thickly wooded. The prairies, too, have oasis-like clumps of trees 
 scattered here and there at intervals. The chief rivers irrigating the 
 State are the Mississippi — dividing it from Iowa and Missouri — the Ohio 
 (forming its south barrier), the Illinois, Wabash, Kaskaskia, and San- 
 gamon, with their numerous affluents. The total extent of navigable 
 streams is calculated at 4,000 miles. Small lakes are scattered over vari- 
 ous parts of the State. Illinois is extremely prolific in minerals, chiefly 
 coal, iron, copper, and zinc ores, sulphur and limestone. The coal-field 
 alone is estimated to absorb a full third of the entire coal-deposit of North 
 America. Climate tolerably equable and healthy ; the mean temperature 
 standing at about 51° Fahrenheit As an agricultural region, Illinois takes 
 a competitive rank with neighboring States, the cereals, fruits, and root- 
 crops yielding plentiful returns ; in fact, as a grain-growing State, Illinois 
 may be deemed, in proportion to her size, to possess a greater area of 
 lands suitable for its production than any other State in the Union. Stock- 
 raising is also largely carried on, while her manufacturing interests in 
 regard of woolen fabrics, etc., are on a very extensive and yearly expand- 
 ing scale. The lines of railroad in the State are among the most exten- 
 sive of the Union. Inland water-carriage is facilitated by a canal 
 connecting the Illinois River with Lake Michigan, and thence with the 
 St. Lawrence and Atlantic. Illinois is divided into 102 counties ; the 
 chief towns being Chicago, Springfield (capital), Alton, Quincy, Peoria, 
 Galena, Bloomington, Rock Island, Vandalia, etc. By the new Consti- 
 tution, established in 1870, the State Legislature consists of 51 Senators, 
 elected for four years, and 153 Representatives, for two years ; which 
 numbers were to be decennially increased thereafter to the number of 
 six per every additional half-million of inhabitants. Religious and 
 educational institutions are largely diffused throughout, and are in a very 
 flourishing condition. Illinois has a State Lunatic and a Deaf and Dumb 
 Asylum at Jacksonville ; a State Penitentiary at Joliet ; and a Home for 
 
 (99) 
 
100 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 Soldiers' Orphans at Normal. On November 30, 1870, the pnblic debt of 
 the State was returned at $4,870,937, with a balance of $1,808,833 
 unprovided for. At the same period the value of assessed and equalized 
 property presented the following totals: assessed, $840,031,703 ; equal- 
 ized $480,664,058. The name of Illinois, through nearly the whole of 
 the eighteenth century, embraced most of the known regions north and 
 west of Ohio. French colonists established themselves in 1673, at 
 Cahokia and Kaskaskia, and the territory of which these settlements 
 formed the nucleus was, in 1763, ceded to Great Britain in conjunction 
 with Canada, and ultimately resigned to the United States in 1787. 
 Illinois entered the Union as a State, December 3, 1818; and now sends 
 19 Representatives to Congress. Population, 2,539,891, in 1870. 
 
 A WESTERN DWELLING. 
 
 I 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 101 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 The profile of Indiana forms a nearly exact parallelogram, occupy- 
 ing one of the most fertile portions of the great Mississippi Valley. The 
 greater extent of the surface embraced within its limits consists of gentle 
 undulations rising into hilly tracts toward the Ohio bottom. The chief 
 rivers of the State are the Ohio and Wabash, with their numerous 
 affluents. The soil is highly productive of the cereals and grasses — most 
 particularly so in the valleys of the Ohio, Wabash, Whitewater, and 
 White Rivers. The northeast and central portions are well timbered 
 with virgin forests, and the west section is notably rich in coal, constitut- 
 ing an offshoot of the great Illinois carboniferous field. Iron, copper, 
 marble, slate, gypsum, and various clays are also abundant. From an 
 agricultural point of view, the staple products are maize and wheat, with 
 the other cereals in lesser yields ; and besides these, flax, hemp, sorghum, 
 hops, etc., are extensively raised. Indiana is divided into 92 counties, 
 and counts among her principal cities and towns, those of Indianapolis 
 (the capital). Fort Wayne, Evansville, Terre Haute, Madison, Jefferson- 
 ville, Columbus, Vincennes, South Bend, etc. The public institutions of 
 the State are many and various, and on a scale of magnitude and 
 efficiency commensurate with her important political and industrial status. 
 Upward of two thousand miles of railroads permeate the State in all 
 directions, and greatly conduce to the development of her expanding 
 manufacturing interests. Statistics for the fiscal year terminating 
 October 31, 1870, exhibited a total of receipts, 13,896,541 as against dis- 
 bursements, §3,532,406, leaving a balance, $364,135 in favor of the State 
 Treasury. The entire public debt, January 5, 1871, $3,971,000. This 
 State was first settled by Canadian voyageurs in 1702, who erected a fort 
 at Vincennes ; in 1763 it passed into the hands of the English, and was 
 by the latter ceded to the United States in 1783. From 1788 till 1791, 
 an Indian ware fare prevailed. In 1800, all the region west and north of 
 Ohio (then formed into a distinct territory) became merged in Indiana. 
 In 1809, the present limits of the State were defined, Michigan and 
 Illinois having previously been withdrawn. In 1811, Indiana was the 
 theater of the Indian War of Tecumseh, ending with the decisive battle 
 of Tippecanoe. In 1816 (December 11), Indiana became enrolled among 
 the States of the American Union. In 1834, the State passed through a 
 monetary crisis owing to its having become mixed up with railroad, 
 fjanal, and other speculations on a gigantic scale, which ended, for the 
 time being, in a general collapse of public credit, and consequent bank- 
 ruptcy. Since that time, however, the greater number of the public 
 
102 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 works which had brought about that imbroglio — especially the great 
 Wabash and Erie Canal — have been completed, to the great benefit of 
 the State, whose subsequent progress has year by year been marked by 
 rapid strides in the paths of wealth, commerce, and general social and 
 political prosperity. The constitution now in force was adopted in 1851. 
 Population, 1,680^637. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 In shape, Iowa presents an almost perfect parallelogram ; has a 
 length, north to south, of about 300 miles, by a pretty even width of 208 
 miles, and embraces an area of 55,045 square miles, or 35,228,800 acres. 
 The surface of the State is generally undulating, rising toward the 
 middle into an elevated plateau which forms the " divide " of the 
 Missouri and Mississippi basins. Rolling prairies, especially in the south 
 section, constitute a regnant feature, and the river bottoms, belted with 
 woodlands, present a soil of the richest alluvion. Iowa is well watered ; 
 the principal rivers being the Mississippi and Missouri, which form 
 respectively its east and west limits, and the Cedar, Iowa, and Des 
 Moines, affluents of the first named. Mineralogically, Iowa is important 
 as occupying a section of the great Northwest coal field, to the extent of 
 an area estimated at 25,000 square miles. Lead, copper, zinc, and iron, 
 are also mined in considerable quantities. The soil is well adapted to 
 the production of wheat, maize, and the other cereals : fruits, vegetables, 
 and esculent roots ; maize, wheat, and oats forming the chief staples. 
 Wine, tobacco, hops, and wax, are other noticeable items of the agricul- 
 tural yield. Cattle-raising, too, is a branch of rural industry largely 
 engaged in. The climate is healthy, although liable to extremes of heat 
 and cold. The annual gross product of the various manufactures carried 
 on in this State approximate, in round numbers, a sum of $20,000,000. 
 Iowa has an immense railroad system, besides over 500 miles of water- 
 communication by means of its navigable rivers. The State is politically 
 divided into 99 counties, with the following centers of population : Des 
 Moines (capital), Iowa City (former capital), Dubuque, Davenport, Bur- 
 lington, Council Bluffs, Keokuk, Muscatine, and Cedar Rapids. The 
 State institutions of Iowa — religious, scholastic, and philanthropic — are 
 on a par, as regards number and perfection of organization and operation, 
 with those of her Northwest sister States, and education is especially 
 well cared for, and largely diffused. Iowa formed a portion of the 
 American territorial acquisitions from France, by the so-called Louisiana 
 purchase in 1803, and was politically identified with Louisiana till 1812, 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 103 
 
 when it merged into the Missouri Territory; in 1834 it came under the 
 Michigan organization, and, in 1836, under that of Wisconsin. Finally, 
 after being constituted an independent Territory, it became a State of 
 the Union, December 28, 1846. Population in 1860, 674,913 ; in 1870, 
 1,191,792, and in 1875, 1,353,118. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 United area, 56,243 square miles, or 35,995,520 acres. Extent of the 
 Upper and smaller Peninsula — length, 316 miles; breadth, fluctuating 
 between 36 and 120 miles. The south division is 416 miles long, by from 
 50 to 300 miles wide. Aggregate lake-shore line, 1,400 miles. The 
 Upper, or North, Peninsula consists chiefly of an elevated plateau, 
 expanding into the Porcupine mountain-system, attaining a maximum 
 height of some 2,000 feet. Its shores along Lake vSuperior are eminently 
 bold and picturesque, and its area is rich in minerals, its product of 
 copper constituting an important source of industry. Both divisions are 
 heavily wooded, and the South one, in addition, boasts of a deep, rich, 
 loamy soil, throwing up excellent crops of cereals aud other agricultural 
 produce. The climate is generally mild and humid, though the Winter 
 colds are severe. The chief staples of farm husbandry include the cereals, 
 grasses, maple sugar, sorghum, tobacco, fruits, and dairy-stuffs. In 1870, 
 the acres of land in farms were : improved, 5,096,939 ; unimproved 
 woodland, 4,080,146 ; other unimproved land, 842,057. The cash value 
 of land was $398,240,578 ; of farming implements and machinery, 
 $13, 711, 979. In 1869, there were shipped from the Lake Superior ports, 
 874,582 tons of iron oi-e, and 45,762 of smelted pig, along with 14,188 
 tons of copper (ore and ingot). Coal is another article largely mined. 
 Inland communication is provided for by an admirably organized railroad 
 system, and by the St. Mary's Ship Canal, connecting Lakes Huron and 
 Superi(n-. Michigan is politically divided into 78 counties ; its chief 
 urban ceiitei's are Detroit, Lansing (capital), Ann Arbor, Marquette, 
 Bay City, Niles, Ypsilanti, Grand Haven, etc. The Governor of the 
 State is elected biennially. On November 30, 1870, the aggregate bonded 
 debt of Michigan amounted to $2,385,028, and the assessed valuation of 
 land to $266,929,278, representing an estimated cash value of $800,000,000. 
 Education is largely diffused and most excellently conducted and pro- 
 vided for. The State University at Ann Arbor, the colleges of Detroit 
 and Kalamazoo, the Albion Female College, the State Normal School at 
 Ypsilanti, and the State Agricultural College at Lansing, are chief among 
 tiie academic institutions. Michigan (a term of Chippeway origin, and 
 
104 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 signifying " Great Lake), was discovered and first settled by French 
 Canadians, who, in 1670, founded Detroit, the pioneer of a series of trad- 
 ing-posts on the Indian frontier. During the " Conspiracy of Pontiac," 
 following the French loss of Canada, Michigan became the scene of a 
 sanguinary struggle between the whites and aborigines. In 1796, it 
 became annexed to the United States, which incorporated this region 
 with the Northwest Territory, and then with Indiana Territory, till 1803, 
 when it became territorially independent. Michigan was the theater of 
 warlike operations during the war of 1812 with Great Britain, and in 
 1819 was authorized to be represented by one delegate in Congress ; in 
 1837 she was admitted into the Union as a State, and in 1869 ratified the 
 15th Amendment to the Federal Constitution. Population, 1,184,059. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 It has a mean length of 260 miles, and a maximum breadth of 215. 
 Land area, 53,924 square miles, or 34,511,360 acres. Wisconsin lies at a 
 considerable altitude above sea-level, and consists for the most part of an 
 upland plateau, the surface of which is undulating and very generally 
 diversified. Numerous local eminences called mounds are interspersed 
 over the State, and the Lake Michigan coast-line is in many parts char- 
 acterized by lofty escarped cliffs, even as on the west side the banks of 
 the Mississippi form a series of high and picturesque bluffs. A group of 
 islands known as The Apostles lie off the extreme north point of the 
 State in Lake Superior, and the great estuary of Green Bay, running far 
 inland, gives formation to a long, narrow peninsula between its waters 
 and those of Lake Michigan. The river-system of Wisconsin has three 
 outlets — those of Lake Superior, Green Bay, and the Mississippi, which 
 latter stream forms the entire southwest frontier, widening at one point 
 into the large watery expanse called Lake Pepin. Lake Superior receives 
 the St. Louis, Burnt Wood, and Montreal Rivers ; Green Bay, the 
 Menomouee, Peshtigo, Oconto, and Fox ; while into the Mississippi 
 empty the St. Croix, Chippewa, Black, Wisconsin, and Rock Rivers. 
 The chief interior lakes are those of Winnebago, Horicon, and Court 
 Oreilles, and smaller sheets of water stud a great part of the surface. 
 The climate is healthful, with cold Winters and brief but ver}^ warm 
 Summers. Mean annual rainfall 31 inches. The geological system 
 represented by the State, embraces those rocks included between the 
 primary and the Devonian series, the former containing extensive 
 deposits of copper and iron ore. Besides these minerals, lead and zinc 
 are found in great quantities, together with kaolin, plumbago, gypsum, 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 105 
 
 and various clays. Mining, consequently, forms a prominent industry, 
 and one of yearly increasing dimensions. The soil of Wisconsin is of 
 varying quality, but fertile on the whole, and in the north parts of the 
 State heavily timbered. The agricultural yield comprises the cereals, 
 together with flax, hemp, tobacco, pulse, sorgum, and all kinds of vege- 
 tables, and of the hardier fruits. In 1870, the State had a total number 
 of 102,904 farms, occupying 11,715,321 acres, of which 5,899,343 con- 
 sisted of improved land, and 3,437,442 were timbered. Cash value of 
 farms, $300,414,064 ; of farm implements and machinery, $14,239,364. 
 Total estimated value of all farm products, including betterments and 
 additions to stock, $78,027,032 ; of orchard and dairy stuffs, $1,045,933 ; 
 of lumber, $1,327,618 ; of home manufactures, $338,423 ; of all live-stock, 
 $45,310,882. Number of manufacturing establishments, 7,136, employ- 
 ing 39,055 hands, and turning out productions valued at $85,624,966. 
 The political divisions of the State form 61 counties, and the chief places 
 of wealth, trade, and population, are Madison .(the capital), Milwaukee, 
 Fond du Lac, Oshkosh, Prairie du Chien, Janesville, Portage City, 
 Racine, Kenosha, and La Crosse. In 1870, the total assessed valuation 
 reached $333,209,838, as against a true valuation of both real and personal 
 estate aggregating $602,207,329. Treasury receipts during 1870, $886,-' 
 696 ; disbursements, $906,329. Value of church property, $4,749,983. 
 Education is amply provided for. Independently of the State University 
 at Madison, and those of Galesville and of Lawrence at Appleton, and 
 the colleges of Beloit, Racine, and Milton, there are Normal Schools at 
 Platteville and Whitewater. The State is divided into 4,802 common 
 school districts, maintained at a cost, in 1870, of $2,094,160. The chari- 
 table institutions of Wisconsin include a Deaf and Dumb Asylum, an 
 Institute for the Education of the Blind, and a Soldiers' Orphans' School. 
 In January, 1870, the railroad system ramified throughout the State 
 totalized 2,779 miles of track, including several lines far advanced toward 
 completion. Immigration is successfully encouraged by the State author- 
 ities, the larger number of yearly new-comers being of Scandinavian and 
 German origin. The territory now occupied within the limits of the 
 State of Wisconsin was explored by French missionaries and traders in 
 1639, and it remained under French jurisdiction until 1703, when it 
 became annexed to the Britif-h North American possessions. In 1796, it 
 reverted to the United States, the government of which latter admitted 
 it within the limits of the Northwest Territory, and in 1809, attached it 
 to that of Illinois, and to Michigan in 1818. Wisconsin became independ- 
 ently territorially organized in 1836, and became a State of the Union, 
 March 3, 1847. Population in 1870, 1,064,985, of which 2,113 were of 
 the colored race, and 11,521 Indians, 1,206 of the latter being out of 
 tribal relations. 
 
106 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 Its length, north to south, embraces an extent of 380 miles ; its 
 breadth one of 250 miles at a maximum. Area, 84,000 square miles, or 
 54,760,000 acres. The surface of Minnesota, generally speaking, con- 
 sists of a succession of gently undulating plains and prairies, drained by 
 an admirable water-system, and with here and there heavily- timbered 
 bottoms and belts of virgin forest. The soil, corresponding with such a 
 superfices, is exceptionally rich, consisting for the most part of a dark, 
 calcareous sandy drift intermixed with loam. A distinguishing physical 
 feature of this State is its riverine ramifications, expanding in nearly 
 every part of it into almost innumerable lakes — the whole presenting an 
 aggregate of water-power having hardly a rival in the Union. Besides 
 the Mississippi — which here has its rise, and drains a basin of 800 miles 
 of country — the principal streams are the Minnesota (334 miles long), 
 the Red River of the North, the St. Croix, St. Louis, and many others of 
 lesser importance ; the chief lakes are those called Red, Cass, Leech, 
 Mille Lacs, Vermillion, and Winibigosh. Quite a concatenation of sheets 
 of water fringe the frontier line where Minnesota joins British America, 
 culminating in the Lake of the Woods. It has been estimated, that of 
 an area of 1,200,000 acres of surface between the St. Croix and Mis- 
 sissippi Rivers, not less than 73,000 acres are of lacustrine formation. In 
 point of minerals, the resources of Minnesota have as yet been very 
 imperfectly developed ; iron, copper, coal, lead — all these are known to 
 exist in considerable deposits ; together with salt, limestone, and potter's 
 clay. The agricultural outlook of the State is in a high degree satis- 
 factory ; wheat constitutes the leading cereal in cultivation, with Indian 
 corn and oats in next order. Fruits and vegetables are grown in great 
 plenty and of excellent quality. The lumber resources of Minnesota are 
 important ; the pine forests in the north region alone occupying an area 
 of some 21,000 square miles, which in 1870 produced a return of scaled 
 logs amounting to 313,116,416 feet. The natural industrial advantages 
 possessed by Minnesota are largely improved upon by a railroad system. 
 The political divisions of this State number 78 counties ; of which the 
 chief cities and towns are : St. Paul (the capital), Stillwater, Red Wing, 
 St. Anthony, Fort Snelling, Minneapolis, and Mankato. Minnesota has 
 already assumed an attitude of high importance as a manufacturing State ; 
 this is mainly due to the wonderful command of water-power she pos- 
 sesses, as before spoken of. Besides her timber-trade, the milling of 
 flour, the distillation of whisky, and the tanning of leather, are prominent 
 interests, which, in 1869, gave returns to the amount of $14,831,043. 
 
THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 107 
 
 Education is notably provided for on a broad and catholic scale, the 
 entire amount expended scholastically during the year 1870 being $857,- 
 816 ; while on November 30 of the preceding year the permanent school 
 fund stood at -12,476,222. Besides a University and Agricultural College, 
 Normal and Reform Schools flourish, and with these may be mentioned 
 such various philanthropic and religious institutions as befit the needs of 
 an intelligent and prosperous community. The finances of the State for 
 the fiscal year terminating December 1, 1870, exhibited a balance on the 
 right side to the amount of $136,164, being a gain of $44,000 over the 
 previous year's figures. The earliest exploration of Minnesota by the 
 whites was made in 1680 by a French Franciscan, Father Hennepin, who 
 gave the name of St. Antony to the Great Falls on the Upper Missisippi. 
 In 1763, the Treaty of Versailles ceded this region to England. 
 Twenty years later, Minnesota formed part of the Northwest Territory 
 transferred to the United States, and became herself territorialized inde- 
 pendently in 1849. Indian cessions in 1851 enlarged her boundaries, and. 
 May 11, 1857, Minnesota became a unit of the great American federation 
 of States. Population, 489,706. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 Maximum length, 412 miles ; extreme breadth, 208 miles. Area, 
 75,905 square miles, or 48,636,800 acres. The sui-face of this State is 
 almost entirely undulating prairie, and forms part of the west slope of 
 the great central basin of the North American Continent. In its west 
 division, near the base of the Rocky Mountains, is a sandy belt of 
 country, irregularly defined. In this part, too, are the '■'• dunes,"' jesem- 
 bling a wavy sea of sandy billows, as well as the Mauvaises Terres. a tract 
 of singular formation, produced by eccentric disintegrations and denuda- 
 tions of the land. The chief rivers are the Missouri, constituting its en- 
 tire east line of demarcation ; the Nebraska or Platte, the Niobrara, the 
 Republican Fork of the Kansas, the Elkhorn, and the Loup Fork of the 
 Platte. The soil is very various, but consisting chiefly of rich, bottomy 
 loam, admirably adapted to the raising of heavy crops of cereals. All 
 the vegetables and fruits of the temperate zone are produced in great 
 size and plenty. For grazing purposes Nebraska is a State exceptionally 
 well fitted, a region of not less than 23,000,000 acres being adaptable to 
 this branch of husbandry. It is believed that the, as yet, comparatively 
 infertile tracts of land found in various parts of the State are susceptible 
 of productivity by means of a properly conducted system of irrigation. 
 Few minerals of moment have so far been found within the limits of 
 
108 
 
 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 Nebraska, if we may except important saline deposits at the head of Salt 
 Creek in its southeast section. The State is divided into 57 counties, 
 independent of the Pawnee and Winnebago Indians, and of unorganized 
 territory in the northwest part. The principal towns are Omaha, Lincoln 
 (State capital), Nebraska City, Columbus, Grand Island, etc. In 1870, 
 the total assessed value of property amounted to $53,000,000, being an 
 increase of $11,000,000 over the previous year's returns. The total 
 amount received from the school-fund during the year 1869-70 was 
 $77,999. Education is making great onward strides, the State University 
 and an Agricultural College being far advanced toward completion. In 
 the matter of railroad communication, Nebraska bids fair to soon place 
 herself on a par with her neighbors to the east. Besides being inter- 
 sected by the Union Pacific line, with its off-shoot, the Fremont and Blair, 
 other tracks are in course of rapid construction. Organized by Con- 
 gressional Act into a Territory, May 30, 1854, Nebi-aska entered the 
 Union as a full State, March 1, 1867. Population, 122,993. 
 
 HUNTING PRAIRIE WOLVES IN AN EARLY DAY. 
 
Early History of Illinois. 
 
 The name of this beautiful Prairie State is derived from Illim^ b. 
 Delaware word signifying Superior Men. It has a French termination, 
 and is a symbol of how the two races — the French and the Indians — 
 were intermixed during the early history of the country. 
 
 The appellation was no doubt well applied to the primitive inhabit- 
 ants of the soil whose prowess in savage warfare long withstood the 
 combined attacks of the fierce Iroquois on the one side, and the no less 
 savage and relentless Sacs and Foxes on the other. The Illinois were 
 once a powerful confederacy, occupying the most beautiful and fertile 
 region in the great Valley of the Mississippi, which their enemies coveted 
 and struggled long and hard to wrest from them. By the fortunes of 
 war they were diminished in numbers, and finally destroyed. " Starved 
 Rock," on the Illinois River, according to tradition, commemorates their 
 last tragedy, where, it is said, the entii-e tribe starved rather than sur- 
 render. 
 
 EARLY DISCOVERIES. 
 
 The fifst European discoveries in Illinois date back over two hun- 
 dred years. They are a part of that movement which, from the begin- 
 ning to the middle of the seventeenth century, brought the French 
 Canadian missionaries and fur traders into the Valley of the Mississippi, 
 and which, at a later period, established the civil and ecclesiastical 
 authority of France from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico, 
 and from the foot-hills of the Alleghanies to the Rocky Mountains. 
 
 The great river of the West had been discovered by DeSoto, the 
 Spanish conqueror of Florida, three quarters of a century before the 
 French founded Quebec in 1608, but the Spanish left the country a wil- 
 derness, without further exploration or settlement within its borders, in 
 which condition it remained until the Mississippi was discovered by the 
 agents of the French Canadian government, Jolietand Marquette, in 1673. 
 These renowned explorers were not the first white visitors to Illinois. 
 In 1671 — two years in advance of them — came Nicholas Perrot to Chicago. 
 He had been sent by Talon as an agent of the Canadian government to 
 
 109 
 
110 
 
 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
mSTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINQIS. Hi 
 
 ■ call a great peace convention of Western Indians at Green Bay, prepara- 
 I tory to the movement for the discovery of the Mississippi. It was 
 i deemed a good stroke of policy to secure, as far as possible, the friend- 
 i ship and co-operation of the Indians, far and near, before venturing upon 
 I an enterprise which their hostility might render disastrous, and which 
 their friendship and assistance would do so much to make successful ; 
 and to this end Perrot was sent to call together in council the tribes 
 throughout the Northwest, and to promise them the commerce and pro- 
 tection of the French government. He accordingly arrived at Green 
 Bay in 1671, and procuring an escort of Pottawattamies, proceeded in a 
 bark canoe upon a visit to the Miamis, at Chicago. Perrot was there- 
 fore the first European to set foot upon the soil of Illinois. 
 
 Still there were others before Marquette. In 1672, the Jesuit mis- 
 sionaries, Fathers Claude Allouez and Claude Dablon, bore the standard 
 of the Cross from their mission at Green Bay through western Wisconsin 
 and northern Illinois, visiting the Foxes on Fox River, and the Masquo- 
 tines and Kickapoos at the mouth of the Milwaukee. These missionaries 
 penetrated on the route afterwards followed by Marquette as far as the 
 Kickapoo village at the head of Lake Winnebago, where Marquette, in 
 his journey, secured guides across the portage to the Wisconsin. 
 
 The oft-repeated story of Marquette and Joliet is well known. 
 
 They were the agents employed by the Canadian government to discover 
 
 the Mississippi. Marquette was a native of France, born in 1637, a 
 
 Jesuit priest by education, and a man of simple faith and of great zeal and 
 
 devotion in extending the Roman Catholic religion among the Indians. 
 
 Arriving in Canada in 1666, he was sent as a missionary to the far 
 
 Northwest, and, in 1668, founded a mission at Sault Ste. Marie. The 
 
 following year he moved to La Pointe, in Lake Superior, where he 
 
 instructed a branch of the Hurons till 1670, when he removed south, and 
 
 ': founded the mission at St. Ignace, on the Straits of Mackinaw. Here 
 
 he remained, devoting a portion of his time to the study of the Illinois 
 
 language under a native teacher who had accompanied him to the mission 
 
 [; from La Pointe, till he was joined by Joliet in the Spring of 1673. By 
 
 i the way of Green Bay and the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, they entered 
 
 I the Mississippi, which they explored to the mouth of the Arkansas, and 
 
 I returned by the way of the Illinois and Chicago Rivers to Lake Michigan. 
 
 On his way up the Illinois, Marquette visited the great village of 
 
 the Kaskaskias, near what is now Utica, in the county of LaSalle. The 
 
 following year he returned and established among them the mission of 
 
 the Immaculate Virgin Mary, which was the first Jesuit mission founded 
 
 in Illinois and in the Mississippi Valley. The intervening winter he 
 
 had spent in a hut which his companions erected on the Chicago River, a 
 
 few leagues from its mouth. The founding of this mission was the last 
 
112 HISTORY OP THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 act of Marquette's life. He died in Michigan, on his way back to Green 
 Bay, May 18, 1675. 
 
 FIRST FRENCH OCCUPATION. 
 
 The first French occupation of the territory now embraced in Illi- 
 nois was effected by LaSalle in 1680, seven years after the time of Mar- 
 quette and Joliet. LaSalle, having constructed a vessel, the " Griffin," 
 above the falls of Niagara, which he sailed to Green Bay, and having 
 passed thence in canoes to the mouth of the St. Joseph River, by which 
 and the Kankakee he reached the Illinois, in January, 1680, erected Fort 
 Crevecoeur^ at the lower end of Peoria Lake, where the city of Peoria is 
 now situated. The place where this ancient fort stood may still be seen 
 just below the outlet of Peoria Lake. It was destined, however, to a 
 temporary existence. From this point, LaSalle determined to descend 
 the Mississippi to its mouth, but did not accomplish this purpose till two 
 years later — in 1682. Returning to Fort Frontenac for the purpose of 
 getting materials with which to rig his vessel, he left the fort in charge of 
 Touti, his lieutenant, who during his absence was driven off by the Iro- 
 quois Indians. These savages had made a raid upon the settlement of 
 the Illinois, and had left nothing in their track but ruin and desolation. 
 Mr. Davidson, in his History of Illinois, gives the following graphic 
 account of the picture that met the eyes of LaSalle aud his companions 
 on their return : 
 
 " At the great town of the Illinois they were appalled at the scene 
 which opened to their view. No hunter appeared to break its death-like 
 silence with a salutatory whoop ot welcome. The plain on which the 
 town had stood was now strewn with charred fragments of lodges, which 
 had so recently swarmed with savage life and hilarity. To render more 
 hideous the picture of desolation, large numbers of skulls had been 
 placed on the upper extremities of lodge-poles which had escaped the 
 devouring flames. In the midst of these horrors was the rude fort of 
 the spoilers, rendered frightful by the same ghastly relics. A near 
 approach showed that the graves had been robbed of their bodies, and 
 swarms of buzzards were discovered glutting their loathsome stomachs 
 on the reeking corruption. To complete the work of destruction, the 
 growing corn of the village had been cut down and burned, while the 
 pits containing the products of previous years, had been rifled and their 
 contents scattered with wanton waste. It was evident the suspected 
 blow of the Iroquois had fallen with relentless fury." 
 
 Tonti had escaped LaSalle knew not whither. Passing down the 
 lake in search of him and his men, LaSaUe discovered that the fort had 
 been destroyed, but the vessel which he had partly constructed was still 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 113 
 
 on the stocks, and but slightly injured. After further fruitless search, 
 failing to find Tonti, he fastened to a tree a painting representing himself 
 and party sitting in a canoe and bearing a pipe of peace, and to the paint- 
 ing attached a letter addressed to Tonti. 
 
 Tonti had escaped, and, after untold privations, taken shelter among 
 the Pottawattaraies near Green Bay. These were friendly to the French. 
 One of their old chiefs used to say, " There were but three great cap- 
 tains in the world, himself, Tonti and LaSalle." 
 
 GENIUS OF LaSALLE. 
 
 We must now return to LaSalle, whose exploits stand out in such 
 bold relief. He was born in Rouen, France, in 1643. His father was 
 wealthy, but he renounced his patrimony on entering a college of the 
 Jesuits, from which he separated and came to Canada a poor man in 1666. 
 The priests of St. Sulpice, among whom he had a brother, were then the 
 proprietors of Montreal, the nucleus of which was a seminary or con- 
 vent founded by that order. The Superior granted to LaSalle a large 
 tract of land at LaChine, where he established himself in the fur trade. 
 He was a man of daring genius, and outstripped all his competitors in 
 exploits of travel and commerce with the Indians. In 1669, he visited 
 the headquarters of the great Iroquois Confederacy, at Onondaga, in the 
 heart of New York, and, obtaining guides, explored the Ohio River to 
 the falls at Louisville. 
 
 In order to understand the genius of LaSalle, it must be remembered 
 that for many years prior to his time the missionaries and traders were 
 obliged to make their way to the Northwest by the Ottawa River (of 
 Canada) on account of the fierce hostility of the Iroquois along the lower 
 lakes and Niagara River, which entirely closed this latter route to the 
 Upper Lakes. They carried on their commerce chiefly by canoes, pad- 
 dling them through the Ottawa to Lake Nipissing, carrying them across 
 the portage to French River, and descending that to Lake Huron. This 
 being the route by which they reached the Northwest, accounts for the 
 fact that all the earliest Jesuit missions were established in the neighbor- 
 hood of the Upper Lakes. LaSalle conceived the grand idea of opening 
 the route by Niagara River and the Lower Lakes to Canadian commerce 
 by sail vessels, connecting it with the navigation of the Mississippi, and 
 thus opening a magnificent water communication from the Gulf of St. 
 Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico. This truly grand and comprehensive 
 purpose seems to have animated him in all his wonderful achievements 
 and the matchless difficulties and hardships he surmounted. As the first 
 step in the accomplishment of this object he established himself on Lake 
 Ontario, and built and garrisoned Fort Frontenac, the site of the present 
 
114 HISTORY OP THE STATE OF ILLIKOIS. 
 
 city of Kingston, Canada. Here he obtained a grant of land from the 
 French crown and a body of troops by which he beat back the invading 
 Iroquois and cleared the passage to Niagara Falls. Having by this mas- 
 terly stroke made it safe to attempt a hitherto untried expedition, his 
 next step, as we have seen, was to advance to the Falls with all his 
 outfit for building a ship with which to sail the lakes. He was success- 
 ful in this undertaking, though his ultimate purpose was defeated by a 
 strange combination of untoward circumstances. The Jesuits evidently 
 hated LaSalle and plotted against him, because he had abandoned them 
 and co-operated with a rival order. The fur traders were also jealous of 
 his superior success in opening new channels of commerce. At LaChine 
 he had taken the trade of Lake Ontario, which but for his presence there 
 would have gone to Quebec. While they were plodding with their bark 
 canoes through the Ottawa he was constructing sailing vessels to com- 
 mand the trade of the lakes and the Mississippi. These great plans 
 excited the jealousy and envy of the small traders, introduced treason and 
 revolt into the ranks of his own companions, and finally led to the foul 
 assassination by which his great achievements were prematurely ended. 
 
 In 1682, LaSalle, having completed his vessel at Peoria, descended 
 the Mississippi to its confluence with the Gulf of Mexico. Erecting a 
 standard on which he inscribed the arms of France, he took formal pos- 
 session of the whole valley of the mighty river, in the name of Louis 
 XIV., then reigning, in honor of whom he named the country Louisiana. 
 
 LaSalle then went to France, was appointed Governor, and returned 
 with a fleet and immigrants, for the purpose of planting a colony in Illi- 
 nois. They arrived in due time in the Gulf of Mexico, but failing to 
 find the mouth of the Mississippi, up which LaSalle intended to sail, his 
 supply ship, with the immigrants, was driven ashore and wrecked on 
 Matagorda Bay. With the fragments of the vessel he constructed a 
 stockade and rude huts on the shore for the protection of the immigrants, 
 calling the post Fort St. Louis. He then made a trip into New Mexico, 
 in search of silver mines, but, meeting with disappointment, returned to 
 find his little colony reduced to forty souls. He then resolved to travel 
 on foot to Illinois, and, starting with his companions, had reached the 
 valley of the Colorado, near the mouth of Trinity river, when he was 
 shot by one of his men. This occurred on the 19th of March, 1687. 
 
 Dr. J. W. Foster remarks of him : " Thus fell, not far from the banks 
 of the Trinity, Robert Cavalier de la Salle, one of the grandest charac- 
 ters that ever figured in American history — a man capable of originating 
 the vastest schemes, and endowed with a will and a judgment capable of 
 carrying them to successful results. Had ample facilities been placed by 
 the King of France at his disposal, the result of the colonization of this 
 continent might have been far different from what we now behold." 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 116 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 A temporary settlement was made at Fort St. Louis, or the old Kas- 
 kaslda village, on the Illinois River, in what is now LaSalle County, in 
 1682. In 1690, this was removed, with the mission connected with it, to 
 Kaskaskia, on the river of that name, emptying into the lower Mississippi 
 in St. Clair County. Cahokia was settled about the same time, or at 
 least, both of these settlements began in the year 1690, though it is now 
 pretty well settled that Cahokia is the older place, and ranks as the oldest 
 permanent settlement in Illinois, as well as in the Mississippi Valley. 
 The reason for the removal of the old Kaskaskia settlement and mission, 
 ■ was probably because the dangerous and difficult route by Lake Michigan 
 and the Chicago portage had been almost abandoned, and travelers and 
 traders passed down and up the Mississippi by the Fox and Wisconsin 
 River route. They removed to the vicinity of the Mississippi in order 
 to be in the line of travel from Canada to Louisiana, tliat is, the lower 
 part of it, for it was all Louisiana then south of the lakes. 
 
 During the period of French rule in Louisiana, the population prob- 
 ably never exceeded ten thousand, including whites and blacks. Within 
 that portion of it now included in Indiana, trading posts were established 
 at the principal Miami villages which stood on the head waters of the 
 Maumee, the Wea villages situated at Ouiatenon, on the Wabash, and 
 the Piankeshaw villages at Post Vincennes ; all of which were probably 
 visited by French traders and missionaries before the close of the seven- 
 teenth century. 
 
 In the vast territory claimed by the French, many settlements of 
 considerable importance had sprung up. Biloxi, on Mobile Bay, had 
 been founded by DTberville, in 1699 ; Antoine de Lamotte Cadillac had 
 founded Detroit in 1701 ; and New Orleans had been founded by Bien- 
 ville, under the auspices of the Mississippi Company, in 1718. In Illi- 
 nois also, considerable settlements had been made, so that in 1730 they 
 embraced one hundred and forty French families, about six hundred " con- 
 verted Indians," and many traders and voyageurs. In that portion of the 
 country, on the east side of the Mississippi, there were five distinct set- 
 tlements, with their respective villages, viz. : Cahokia, near the mouth 
 of Cahokia Creek and about five miles below the present city of St. 
 Louis ; St. Philip, about forty-five miles below Cahokia, and four miles 
 above Fort Chartres ; Fort Chartres, twelve miles above Kaskaskia ; 
 Kaskaskia, situated on the Kaskaskia River, five miles above its conflu- 
 "ence with the Mississippi ; and Prairie du Rocher, near Fort Chartres. 
 To these must be added St. Genevieve and St. Louis, on the west side 
 of the Mississippi. These, with the exception of St. Louis, are among 
 
116 
 
 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 117 
 
 the oldest French towns in the Mississippi Valley. Kaskaskia, in its best 
 days, was a town of some two or three thousand inhabitants. After it 
 passed from the crown of France its population for many years did not 
 exceed fifteen hundred. Under British rule, in 1773, the population had 
 decreased to four hundred and fifty. As early as 1721, the Jesuits had 
 established a college and a monastery in Kaskaskia. 
 
 Fort Chartres was first built under the direction of the Mississippi 
 Company, in 1718, by M. de Boisbraint, a military officer, under command 
 of Bienville. It stood on the east bank of the Mississippi, about eighteen 
 miles below Kaskaskia, and was for some time the headquarters of the 
 military commandants of the district of Illinois. 
 
 In the Centennial Oration of Dr. Fowler, delivered at Philadelphia, 
 by appointment of Gov. Beveridge, we find some interesting facts with 
 regard to the State of Illinois, which we appropriate in this history: 
 
 In 1682 Illinois became a possession of the French crown, a depend- 
 ency of Canada, and a part of Louisiana. In 1765 the English flag was 
 run up on old Fort Chartres, and Illinois was counted among the treas- 
 ures of Great Britain. 
 
 In 1779 it was taken from the English by Col. George Rogers Clark. 
 This man was resolute in nature, wise in council, prudent in policy, bold 
 in action, and heroic in danger. Few men who have figured in the his- 
 tory of America are more deserving than this colonel. Nothing short of 
 first-class ability could have rescued Vincens and all Illinois from the 
 English. And it is not possible to over-estimate the influence of this 
 achievement upon the republic. In 1779 Illinois became a part of Vir- 
 ginia. It was soon known as Illinois County. In 1784 Virginia ceded 
 all this territory to the general government, to be cut into States, to be 
 republican in form, with " the same right of sovereignty, freedom, and 
 independence as the other States." 
 
 In 1787 it was the object of the wisest and ablest legislation found 
 in any merely human records. No man can study the secret history of 
 
 THE "COMPACT OF 1787," 
 
 and not feel that Providence was guiding with sleepless eye these unborn 
 States. The ordinance that on July 13, 1767, finally became the incor- 
 porating act, has a most marvelous history. Jefferson had vainly tried 
 to secure a system of o-overnment for the northwestern territory. He 
 was an emancipationist of that day, and favored the exclusion of slavery 
 from the territory Virginia had ceded to the general government; but 
 the South voted him down as often as it came up. In 1787, as late as 
 July 10, an organizing act without tlie anti-slavery clause was pending. 
 This concession to the South was expected to carry it. Congress was in 
 
118 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 session in New York City. On July 5, Rev. Dr. Manasseh Cutler, of 
 Massachusetts, came into New York to lobby on the northwestern terri- 
 tory. Everything seemed to fall into his hands. Events were ripe. 
 
 The state of the public credit, the growing of Southern prejudice, 
 the basis of his mission, his personal character, all combined to complete 
 one of those sudden and marvelous revolutions of public sentiment that 
 once in five or ten centuries are seen to sweep over a country like the 
 breath of the Almighty. Cutler was a graduate of Yale — received his 
 A.M. from Harvard, and his D.D. from Yale. He had studied and taken 
 degrees in the three learned professions, medicine, law, and divinity. He 
 had thus America's best indorsement. He liad published a scientific 
 examination of the plants of New England. His name stood second only 
 to that of Franklin as a scientist in America. He was a courtly gentle- 
 man of the old style, a man of commanding presence, and of inviting 
 face. The Southern members said they had never seen such a gentleman 
 in the North. He came representing a company that desired to purchase 
 a tract of land now included in Ohio, for the purpose of planting a colony. 
 It was a speculation. Government money was worth eighteen cents on 
 the dollar. This Massachusetts company had collected enough to pur- 
 chase 1,500,000 acres of land. Other speculators in New York made 
 Dr. Cutler their agent (lobbyist). On the 12th he represented a demand 
 for 5,500,000 acres. This would reduce the national debt. Jefferson 
 and Virginia were regarded as authority concerning the land Virginia 
 had just ceded. Jefferson's policy wanted to provide for the public credit, 
 and this was a good opportunity to do something. 
 
 Massachusetts then owned the territory of Maine, which she was 
 crowding on the- market. She was opposed to opening the northwestern 
 region. This fired the zeal of Virginia. The South caught the inspira- 
 tion, and all exalted Dr. Cutler. The English minister invited him to 
 dine with some of the Southern gentlemen. He was the center of interest. 
 
 The entire South rallied round him. Massachusetts could not vote 
 against him, because many of the constituents of her members were 
 interested personally in the western speculation. Thus Cutler, making 
 friends with the South, and, doubtless, using all the arts of the lobby, 
 was enabled to command the situation. True to deeper convictions, he 
 dictated one of the most compact and finished documents of wise states- 
 manship that has ever adorned any human law book. He borrowed from 
 Jefferson the term "Articles of Compact," which, preceding the federal 
 constitution, rose into the most sacred character. He then followed very 
 closely the constitution of Massachusetts, adopted three years before. 
 Its most marked points were : 
 
 1. The exclusion of slavery from the territory forever. 
 
 2. Provision for public schools, giving one township for a seminary, 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 119 
 
 and every section numbered 16 in each township ; that is, one-thirty-sixth 
 of all the land, for public schools. 
 
 3. A provision prohibiting the adoption of any constitution or the 
 enactment of any law that should nullify pre-existing contracts. 
 
 Be it forever remembered that this compact declared that " Rehgion, 
 morality, and knowledge being necessary to good government and the 
 happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall always 
 be encouraged." 
 
 Dr. Cutler planted himself on this platform and would not yield. 
 Giving his unqualified declaration that it was that or nothing — that unless 
 they could make the land desirable they did not want it — he took his 
 horse and buggy, and started for the constitutional convention in Phila- 
 delphia. On July 13, 1787, the bill was put upon its passage, and was 
 unanimously adopted, every Southern member voting for it, and only one 
 man, Mr. Yates, of New York, voting against it. But as the States voted 
 as States, Yates lost his vote, and the compact Avas put beyond repeal. 
 
 Thus the great States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wis- 
 consin — a vast empire, the heart of the great valley — were consecrated 
 to freedom, intelligence, and honesty. Thus the great heart of the nation 
 was prepared for a year and a day and an hour. In the light of these eighty- 
 nine years I affirm that this act was the salvation of the republic and the 
 destruction of slavery. Soon the South saw their great blunder, and 
 tried to repeal the compact. In 1803 Congress referred it to a committee 
 of which John Randolph was chairman. He reported that this ordinance 
 was a compact, and opposed repeal. Thus it stood a rock, in the way 
 of the on-rushing sea of slavery. 
 
 With all this timely aid it was, after all, a most desperate and pro- 
 tracted struggle to keep the soil of Illinois sacred to freedom. It was 
 the natural battle-field for the irrepressible conflict. In the southern end 
 of the State slavery preceded the compact. It existed among the old 
 French settlers, and was hard to eradicate. The southern part of the 
 State was settled from the slave States, and this population brought their 
 laws, customs, and institutions with them. A stream of population from 
 
 ! the North poured into the northern part of the State. These sections 
 misunderstood and hated each other perfectly. The Southerners regarded 
 
 \ the Yankees as a skinning, tricky, penurious race of peddlers, filling the 
 country with tinware, brass clocks, and wooden nutmegs. The North- 
 
 h erner thought of the Southerner as a lean, lank, lazy creature, burrowing 
 
 i in a hut, and rioting in whisky, dirt and ignorance. These causes aided 
 in making the struggle long and bitter. So strong was the sympathy 
 with slavery that, in spite of the ordinance of 1787, and in spite of the 
 deed of cession, it was determined to allow the old French settlers to 
 retain their slaves. Planters from the slave States might bring their 
 
120 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF rLLINOIS. 
 
 slaves, if they would give them a chance to choose freedom or years 
 of service and bondage for their children till they should become 
 thirty years of age. If they chose freedom they must leave the State 
 in sixty days or be sold as fugitives. Servants were whipped for offenses 
 for which white men are fined. Each lash paid forty cents of the fine. A 
 negro ten miles from home without a pass was whipped. These famous 
 laws were imported from the slave States just as they imported laws for 
 the inspection of flax and wool when there was neither in the State. 
 
 These Black Laws are now wiped out. A vigorous effort was made 
 to protect slavery in the State Constitution of 1817. It barely failed. 
 It was renewed in 1825, when a convention was asked to make a new 
 constitution. After a hard fight the convention was defeated. But 
 slaves did not disappear from the census of the State until 1850. There 
 were mobs and murders in the interest of slavery. Lovejoy was added 
 to the list of martyrs — a sort of first-fruits of that long life of immortal 
 heroes who saw freedom as the one supreme desire of their souls, and 
 were so enamored of her that they preferred to die rather than survive her. 
 
 The population of 12,282 that occupied the territory in A.D. 1800, 
 increased to 45,000 in A.D.- 1818, when the State Constitution was 
 adopted, and Illinois took her place in the Union, with a star on the flag 
 and two votes in the Senate. 
 
 Shadrach Bond was the first Governor, and in his first message he 
 recommended the construction of the Illinois and Michigan Canal. 
 
 The simple economy in those days is seen in the fact that the entire 
 bill for stationery for the first Legislature was only 113.50. Yet this 
 simple body actually enacted a very superior code. 
 
 There was no money in the territory before the war of 1812. Deer 
 skins and coon skins were the circulating medium. In 1821, the Legis- 
 lature ordained a State Bank on the credit of the State. It issued notes 
 in the likeness of bank bills. These notes were made a legal tender for 
 every thing, and the bank was ordered to loan to the people 1100 on per- 
 sonal security, and more on mortgages. They actually passed a resolu- 
 tion requesting the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States to 
 receive these notes for land. The old French Lieutenant Governor, Col. 
 Menard, put the resolution as follows: " Gentlemen of the Senate : It is 
 moved and seconded dat de notes of dis hank be made land-office money. 
 All in favor of dat motion say aye ; all against it say no. It is decided 
 in (ie affirmative. Now, gentlemen, I bet you one hundred dollar he 
 never be land-office money ! " Hard sense, like hard money, is always 
 above par. 
 
 This old Frenchman presents a fine figure up against the dark back- 
 ground of most of his nation. They made no progress. They clung to 
 their earliest and simplest implements. They never wore hats or caps* 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 121 
 
 They pulled their blankets over their heads in the winter like the Indians, 
 with whom tliey freely intermingled. 
 
 Demagogism had an early development. One John Grammar (only 
 in name), elected to the Territorial and State Legislatures of 1S16 and 
 1836, invented the policy of opposing every new thing, saying, " If it 
 succeeds, no one will ask who voted against it. If it proves a failure, he 
 could quote its record." In sharp contrast with Grammar was the char- 
 acter of D. P. Cook, after whom the county containing Chicago was 
 named. Su'ch was his transparent integrity and remarkable ability that 
 his will was almost the law of the State. In Congress, a young man, 
 and from a poor State, he was i^ade Chairman of the Ways and Means 
 Committee. He was pre-eminent for standing by his committee, regard- 
 less of consequences. It was his integrity tliat elected Jolin Quincy 
 Adams to the Presidenc3\ There were four candidates in 182-I-, Jackson, 
 Clay, Crawford, and John Quincy Adams. There being no choice by the 
 people, the election was thrown into the House. It was so balanced that 
 it turned on his vote, and tliat he cast for Adams, electing him ; then 
 went home to face the wrath of the Jackson party in Illinois. It cost 
 him all but character and greatness. It is a suggestive comment on the 
 times, that there was no legal interest till 1830. It often reached 150 
 per cent., usually 50 per cent. Then it was reduced to 12, and now to 
 10 per cent. 
 
 PHYSICAL FEATURES OF THE PRAIRIE STATE. 
 
 In area the State has 55,410 square miles of territory. It is about 
 150 miles wide and 400 miles long, stretching in latitude from Maine to 
 North Carolina. It embraces wide variety of climate. It is tempered 
 on the north by the great inland, saltless, tideless sea, which keeps the 
 thermometer from either extreme. • Being a table land, from 600 to 1,600 
 feet above the level of the sea, one is prepared to find on the health 
 maps, prepared by the general government, an almost clean and perfect 
 record. In freedom from fever and malarial diseases and consumptions, 
 the three deadly enemies of the American Saxon, Illinois, as a State, 
 stands without a superior. She furnishes one of the essential conditions 
 of a great people — sound bodies. I suspect that this fact lies back of 
 that old Delaware word, Illini, superior men. 
 
 The great battles of history that have been determinative of dynas- 
 ties and destinies have been strategical battles, chiefly the question of 
 position. Thermopylae has been the war-cry of freemen for twenty-four 
 centuries. It only tells how much there may be in position. All this 
 advantage belongs to Illinois. It is in the heart of the greatest valley in 
 the world, the vast region between the mountains — a valley that could 
 
122 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 feed mankind for one thousand years. It is well on toward the center of 
 the continent. It is in the great temperate belt, in which have been 
 found nearly all the aggressive civilizations of history. It has sixty-five 
 miles of frontage on the head of the lake. With the Mississippi forming 
 the western and southern boundary, with the Ohio running along the 
 southeastern line, with the Illinois River and Canal dividing the State 
 diagonally from the lake to the Lower Mississippi, and with the Rock and 
 Wabash Rivers furnishing altogether 2,000 miles of water-front, con- 
 necting with, and running through, in all about 12,000 miles of navi- 
 gable water. 
 
 But this is not all. These waters are made most available by the 
 fact that the lake and the State lie on the ridge running into the great 
 valley from the east. Within cannon-shot of the lake the water runs 
 away from the lake to the Gulf. The lake now empties at both ends, 
 one into the Atlantic and one into the Gulf of Mexico. The lake thus 
 seems to hang over the land. This makes the dockage most serviceable ; 
 there are no steep banks to damage it. Both lake and river are made 
 for use. 
 
 The climate varies from Portland to Richmond ; it favors every pro- 
 duct of the continent, including the tropics, with less than half a dozen 
 exceptions. It produces every great nutriment of the world except ban- 
 anas and rice. It is hardly too much to say that it is the most productive 
 spot known to civilization. With the soil full of bread and the earth full 
 of minsrals ; with an upper surface of food and an under layer of fuel ; 
 with perfect natural drainage, and abundant springs and streams and 
 navigable rivers ; half way between the forests of the North and the fruits 
 of the South ; within a day's ride of the great deposits of iron, coal, cop- 
 per, lead, and zinc; containing and' controlling the great grain, cattle, 
 pork, and lumber markets of the world, it is not strange that Illinois has 
 the advantage of position. 
 
 This advantage has been supplemented by the character of the popu- 
 lation. In the early days when Illinois was first admitted to the Union, 
 her population were chi'efl}^ from Kentucky and Virginia. But, in the 
 conflict of ideas concerning slavery, a strong tide of emigration came in 
 from the East, and soon changed this composition. In 1870 her non- 
 native population were from colder soils. New York furnished 133,290 ; 
 Ohio gave 162,623; Pennsylvania sent on 98,352; the entire South gave 
 us only 206,734. In all her cities, and in all her German and Scandina- 
 vian and other foreign colonies, Illinois has only about one-fifth of her 
 people of foreign birth. 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLDSTOIS. 123 
 
 PROGRESS OF DEVELOPMENT. 
 
 One of the greatest elements in the early development of Illinois is 
 the Illinois and Michigan Canal, connecting the Illinois and Mississippi 
 Rivers with the lakes. It was of the utmost importance to the State. 
 It was recommended by Gov. Bond, the first governor, in his first message. 
 In 1821, the Legislature appropriated $10,000 for surveying the route. 
 Two bright young engineers surveyed it, and estimated the cost at 
 $600,000 or $700,000. It finally cost $8,000,000. In 1825, a law was 
 passed to incorporate the Canal Company, but no stock was sold. In 
 1826, upon the solicitation of Cook, Congress gave 800,000 acres of land 
 on the line of the work. In 1828, another law — commissioners appointed, 
 and work commenced with new survey and new estimates. In 1834-35, 
 George Farquhar made an able report on the whole matter. This was, 
 doubtless, the ablest report ever made to a western legislature, and it 
 became the model for subsequent reports and action. From this the 
 work went on till it was finished in 1848. It cost the State a large 
 amount of money ; but it gave to the industries of the State an impetus 
 that pushed it up into the first rank of greatness. It was not built as a 
 speculation any more than a doctor is employed on a speculation. But 
 it has paid into the Treasury of the State an average annual net sum of 
 over $111,000. 
 
 Pending the construction of the canal, the land and town-lot fever 
 broke out in the State, in 1834-35. It took on the malignant type in 
 Chicago, lifting tlie town up into a city. The disease spread over the 
 entire State and adjoining States. It was epidemic. It cut up men's 
 farms without regard to locality, and cut up the purses of the purchasers 
 without regard to consequences. It is estimated that building lots enough 
 were sold in Indiana alone to accommodate every citizen then in the 
 United States. 
 
 Towns and cities were exported to the Eastern market by the ship- 
 load. There was no-lack of buyers. Every up-ship came freighted with 
 speculators and their money. 
 
 This distemper seized upon the Legislature in 1836-37, and left not 
 one to tell the tale. They enacted a system of internal improvement 
 without a parallel in the grandeur of its conception. They ordered the 
 construction of 1,300 miles of railroad, crossing the State in all direc- 
 tions. This was surpassed by the river and canal improvements. 
 There were a few counties not touched by either railroad or river or 
 canal, and those were to be comforted and compensated by the free dis- 
 tribution of $200,000 among them. To inflate this balloon beyond cre- 
 dence it was ordered that work should be commenced on both ends of 
 
124 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 each of these raih-oads and rivers, and at each river-crossing, all at the 
 same time. The appropriations for these vast improvements were over 
 $12,000,000, and commissioners were appointed to borrow the money on 
 the credit of the State. Remember that all this was in tlie early days of 
 railroading, when railroads were luxuries ; that the State had whole 
 counties with scarcely a cabin ; and that the population of the State was 
 less than 400,000, and you can form some idea of the vigor with which 
 these brave men undertook the work of making a great State. In the 
 light of history I am compelled to say that this was only a premature 
 throb of the power that actually slumbered in the soil of the State. It 
 was Hercules in the cradle. 
 
 At this juncture the State Bank loaned its funds largely to Godfrey 
 Gilman & Co., and to other leading houses, for the purpose of drawing 
 trade from St. Louis to Alton. Soon they failed, and took down the 
 bank with them. 
 
 In 1840, all hope seemed gone. A population of 480,000 were loaded 
 with a debt of f 14,000, 000. It had only six small cities, really only 
 towns, namely : Chicago, Alton, Springfield, Quincy, Galena, Nauvoo. 
 This debt was to be cared for when there was not a dollar in the treas- 
 ury, and when the State had borrowed itself out of all credit, and when 
 there was not good money enough in the hands of all the people to pay 
 the interest of the debt for a single year. Yet, in the presence of all 
 these difficulties, the young State steadily refused to repudiate. Gov. 
 Ford took hold of the problem and solved it, bringing the State through 
 in triumph. 
 
 Having touched lightly upon some of the more distinctive points in 
 the history of the development of Illinois, let us next briefly consider the 
 
 MATERIAL RESOURCES OF THE STATE. 
 
 It is a garden four hundred miles long and one hundred and fifty 
 miles wide. Its soil is chiefly a black sandy loam, from six inches to 
 sixty feet thick. On the American bottoms it has been cultivated for 
 one hundred and fifty years without renewal. About the old French 
 towns it has yielded corn for a century and a half without rest or help. 
 It produces nearly everything green in the temperate and tropical zones. 
 She leads all other States in the number of acres actually under plow. 
 Her products from 25,000,000 of acres are incalculable. Her mineral 
 wealth is scarcely second to her agricultural power. She has coal, iron, 
 lead, copper, zinc, many varieties of building stone, fire clay, cuma clay, 
 common brick clay, sand of all kinds, gravel, mineral .paint — every thing 
 needed for a high civilization. Left to herself, she has the elements of 
 all greatness. The single item of coal is too vast for an appreciative 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 125 
 
 handling in figures. We can handle it in general terms like algebraical 
 signs, but long before we get up into the millions and billions the human 
 mind drops down from comprehension to mere symbolic apprehension. 
 
 When I tell you that nearly four-fifths of the entire State is under- 
 laid with a deposit of coal more than forty feet thick on the average (now 
 estimated, by recent surveys, at seventy feet thick), you can get some 
 idea of its amount, as you do of the amouQt of the national debt. There 
 it is ! 41,000 square miles — one vast mine into which you could put 
 any of the States ; in which you could bury scores of European and 
 ancient empires, and have room enough all round to work without know- 
 ing that they had been sepulchered there. 
 
 Put this vast coal-bed down by the other great coal deposits of the 
 world, and its importance becomes manifest. Great Britain has 12,000 
 square miles of coal ; Spain, 3,000; France, 1,719; Belgium, 578; Illinois 
 about twice as many square miles as all combined. Virginia has 20,000 
 square miles ; Pennsylvania, 16,000 ; Ohio, 12,000. Illinois has 41,000 
 square miles. One-seventh of all the known coal on this continent is in 
 Illinois. 
 
 Could we sell the coal in this single State for one-seventh of one cent 
 a ton it would pay the national debt. Converted into power, even with 
 the wastage in our common engines, it would do more work than could 
 be done by the entire race, beginning at Adam's wedding and working 
 ten hours a day through all the centuries till the present time, and right 
 on into the future at the same rate for the next 600,000 years. 
 
 Great Britain uses enough mechanical power to-day to give to each 
 man, woman, and child in the kingdom the help and service of nineteen 
 untiring servants. No wonder she has leisure and luxuries. No wonder 
 the home of the common artisan has in it more luxuries than could be 
 found in the palace of good old King Arthur. Think, if you can conceive 
 of it, of the vast army of servants that slumber in the soil of Illinois, 
 impatiently awaiting the call of Genius to come forth to minister to our 
 comfort. 
 
 At the present rate of consumption England's coal supply will be 
 exhausted in 250 years. When this is gone she must transfer her dominion 
 either to the Indies, or to British America, which I would not resist ; or 
 to some other people, which I would regret as a loss to civilization. 
 
 COAL IS KING. 
 
 At the same rate of consumption (which far exceeds our own) the 
 deposit of coal in Illinois will last 120,000 years. And her kingdom shall 
 be an everlasting kingdom. 
 
 Let us turn now from this reserve power to the annual products of 
 
126 HISTOEY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 the State. We shall not be humiliated in this field. Here we strike the 
 secret of our national credit. Nature provides a market in the constant 
 appetite of the race. Men must eat, and if we can furnish the provisions 
 we can command the treasure. All that a man hath will he give for his 
 hfe. 
 
 According to the last census Illinois produced 30,000,000 of bushels 
 of wheat. That is more wheat than was raised by any other State in the 
 Union. She raised In 1875, 130,000,000 of bushels of corn — twice as 
 much as any other State, and one-sixth of all the corn raised in the United 
 States. She harvested 2,747,000 tons of hay, nearly one-tenth of all the 
 hay in the Republic. It is not generally appreciated, but it is true, that 
 the hay crop of the country is worth more than the cotton crop. The 
 hay of Illinois equals the cotton of Louisiana. Go to Charleston, S. C, 
 and see them peddling handfuls of hay or grass, almost as a curiosity, 
 as we regard Chinese gods or the cryolite of Greenland ; drink your 
 coffee and condensed milk; and walk back from the coast for many a 
 league through the sand and burs till you get up into the better atmos- 
 phere of the mountains, without seeing a waving meadow or a grazing 
 herd ; then you will begin to appreciate the meadows of the Prairie State, 
 where tlie grass often grows sixteen feet high. 
 
 The value of her farm implements is $211,000,000, and the value of 
 her live stock is only second to the great State of New York. in 1875 
 she had 25,000,000 hogs, and packed 2,113,815, about one-half of ail that 
 were packed in the United States. This is no insignificant item. Pork 
 is a growing demand of the old world. Since the laborers of Europe 
 have gotten a taste of our bacon, and we have learned how to pack it dry 
 in boxes, like ^vy goods, the world has become the market. 
 
 The hog is on the march into the future. His nose is ordained to 
 uncover the secrets of dominion, and his feet shall be guided by the star 
 of empire. 
 
 Illinois marketed $57,000,000 worth of slaughtered animals — more 
 than any other State, and a seventh of all the States. 
 
 Be patient with me, and pardon my pride, and I will give you a list 
 of some of the things in which Illinois excels all other States. 
 
 Depth and richness of soil ; per cent, of good ground ; acres of 
 improved land ; large farms — some farms contain from 40,000 to 60,000 
 acres of cultivated land, 40,000 acres of corn on a single farm ; number of 
 farmers ; amount of wheat, corn, oats and honey produced ; value of ani- 
 mals for slaughter; number of hogs ; amount of pork ; number of horses 
 — three times as many as Kentucky, the horse State. 
 
 Illinois excels all other States in miles of railroads and in miles of 
 postal service, and in money orders sold per annum, and in the amount of 
 lumber sold in her markets. 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLmOIS. 127 
 
 Illinois is only second in many important matters. This sample list 
 comprises a few of the more important : Permanent school fund (good 
 for a young state) ; total income for educational purposes ; number of pub- 
 lishers of books, maps, papers, etc.; value of farm products and imple- 
 ments, and of live stock ; in tons of coal mined. 
 
 The shipping of Illinois is only second to New York. Out of one 
 port during the business hours of the season of navigation she sends forth 
 a vessel every ten minutes. This does not include canal boats, which go 
 one every five minutes. No wonder she is only second in number of 
 bankers and brokers or in physicians and surgeons. 
 
 She is third in colleges, teachers and schools ; cattle, lead, hay, 
 flax, sorghum and beeswax. 
 
 She is fourth in population, in children enrolled in public schools, in 
 law schools, in butter, potatoes and carriages. 
 
 She is fifth in value of real and personal property, in theological 
 seminaries and colleges exclusively for women, in milk sold, and in boots 
 and shoes manufactured, and in book-binding. 
 
 She is only seventh in the production of wood, while she is the 
 twelfth in area. Surely that is well done for the Prairie State. She now 
 has much more wood and growing timber than she had thirty years ago. 
 
 A few leading industries will justify emphasis. She manufactures 
 1205,000,000 worth of goods, which places her well up toward New York 
 and Pennsylvania. The number of her manufacturing establishments 
 increased from i860 to 1870, 300 per cent.; capital employed increased 350 
 per cent., and the amount of product increased 400 per cent. She issued 
 5,500,000 copies of commercial and financial newspapers — only second to 
 New York. She has 6,759 miles of railroad, thus leading all other States, 
 worth $636,458,000, using 3,245 engines, and 67,712 cars, making a train 
 loncf enouixh to cover one-tenth of the entire roads of the State. Her 
 stations are only five miles apart. She carried last year 15,795,000 passen- 
 gers, an average of 36|^ miles, or equal to taking her entire population twice 
 across the State. More than two-thirds of her land is within five miles of 
 a railroad, and less than two per cent, is more than fifteen miles away. 
 
 The State has a large financial interest in the Illinois Central railroad. 
 The road was incorporated in 1850, and the State gave each alternate sec- 
 tion for six miles on each side, and doubled the price of the remaining 
 land, so keeping herself good. The road received 2,595,000 acres of land, 
 and pays to the State one-seventh of the gross receipts. The State 
 receives this year $350,000, and has received in all about 17,000,000. It 
 is practically the people's road, and it has a most able and gentlemanly 
 management. Add to this the annual receipts from the canal, $111,000, 
 and a large per cent, of the State tax is provided for. 
 
128 HISTOKY OF THE STATE OJ^' ILLIT^OIS. 
 
 THE RELIGION AND MORALS 
 
 of the State keep step with her productions and growth. She was born 
 of the missionary spirit. It was a minister who secured for her the ordi- 
 nance of 1787, by which she has been saved from slavery, ignorance, and 
 dishonesty. Rev. Mr. Wiley, pastor of a Scotch congregation in Randolph 
 County, petitioned the Constitutional Convention of 1818 to recognize 
 Jesus Christ as king, and the Scriptures as the only necessary guide and 
 book of law. The convention did not act in the case, and the old Cove- 
 nanters refused to accept citizenship. They never voted until 182-1, when 
 the slavery question was submitted to the people; then they all voted 
 against it and cast the determining votes. Conscience has predominated 
 whenever a great moral question has been submitted to the people. 
 
 But little mob violence has ever been felt in the State. In 1817 
 regulators disposed of a band of horse-thieves that infested the territory. 
 The Mormon indignities finally awoke the same spirit. Alton was also 
 the scene of a pro-slavery mob, in which Lovejoy was added to the list of 
 martyrs. The moral sense of the people makes the law supreme, and gives 
 to the State unruffled peace. 
 
 With $22,300,000 in church property, and 4,298 church organizations, 
 the State has that divine police, the sleepless patrol of moral ideas, that 
 alone is able to secure perfect safety. Conscience takes the knife from 
 the assassin's hand and the bludgeon from the grasp of the highwayman. 
 We sleep in safety, not because we are behind bolts and bars — these only 
 fence against the innocent ; not because a lone officer drowses on a distant 
 corner of a street ; not because a sheriff may call his posse from a remote 
 part of the county; but heainse' conscience guards the very portals of the 
 air and stirs in the deepest recesses of the public mind. This spirit issues 
 within the State 9,500,000 copies of religious papers annually, and receives 
 still more from without. Thus the crime of the State is only one-fourth 
 that of New York and one-half that of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Illinois never had but one duel between her own citizens. In Belle- 
 ville, in 1820, Alphonso Stewart and William Bennett arranged to vindi- 
 cate injured honor. The seconds agreed to make it a sham, and make 
 them shoot blanks. Stewart was in the secret. Bennett mistrusted some- 
 thing, and, unobserved, slipped a bullet into his gun and killed Stewart. 
 He then fled the State. After two years he was caught, tried, convicted, 
 and, in spite of friends and political aid, was hung. This fixed the code 
 of honor on a Christian basis, and terminated its use in Illinois. 
 
 The early preachers were ignorant men, who were^ accounted eloquent 
 according to the strength of their voices. But they set the style for all 
 public speakers. Lawyers and political speakers followed this rule. Gov. 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 129 
 
 Ford says: "Nevertheless, these first preachers were of incalculable 
 benefit to the country. They inculcated justice and morality. To them 
 are we indebted for the first Christian character of the Protestant portion 
 of the people." 
 
 In education Illinois surpasses her material resources. The ordinance 
 of 1787 consecrated one thirty -sixth of her soil to common schools, and 
 the law of 1818, the first law that went upon her statutes, gave three per 
 cent, of all the rest to 
 
 EDUCATION. 
 
 The old compact secures this interest forever, and by its yoking 
 moralit}^ and intelligence it precludes the legal interference with the Bible 
 in the public schools. With such a start it is natural that we should have 
 11,050 schools, and that our illiteracy should be less than New York ^r 
 Pennsylvania, and only about one-half of Massachusetts. We are not to 
 blame for not having more than one-half as many idiots as the great 
 States. These public schools soon made colleges inevitable. The first 
 college, still flourishing, was started in Lebanon in 1828, by the M. E. 
 church, and named after Bishop McKendree. Illinois College, at Jackson- 
 ville, supported by the Presbyterians, followed in 1830. In 1832 the Bap- 
 tists built Shurtleff College, at Alton. Then the Presbyterians built Knox 
 College, at Galesburg, in 1838, and the Episcopalians built Jubilee College, 
 at Peoria, in 1847. After these early years colleges have rained down, 
 A settler could hardly encamp on the prairie but a college would spring 
 up by his wagon. The State now has one very well endowed and equipped 
 university, namely, the Northwestern University, at Evanston, with six 
 colleges, ninety instructors, over 1,000 students, and $1,500,000 endow- 
 ment. 
 
 Rev. J. M. Peck was the first educated Protestant minister in tne 
 State. He settled at Rock Spring, in St. Clair County, 1820, and left his 
 impress on the State. Before 1837 only party papers were published, but 
 Mr. Peck published a Gazetteer of Illinois. Soon after John Russell, of 
 Bluffdale, published essays and tales showing genius. Judge James Hall 
 published The Illinois Monthly Magazine with great ability, and an annual 
 called The Western Souvenir^ which gave him an enviable fame all over the 
 United States. From these beginnings Illinois has gone on till she has 
 more volumes in public libaaries even than Massachusetts, and of the 
 44,500,000 volumes in all the public libraries of the United States, she 
 has one-thirteenth. In newspapers she stands fourth. Her increase is 
 marvelous. In 1850 she issued 5,000,000 copies; in 1860, 27,590,000 ; in 
 1870, 113,140,000. In 1860 she had eighteen colleges and seminaries ; in 
 1870 she had eighty. That is a grand advance for the war decade. 
 
 This brings us to a record unsurpassed in the history of any age, 
 
130 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 THE WAR RECORD OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 I hardly know where to begin, or how to advance, or what to say, I 
 can at best give you only a broken synopsis of her deeds, and you must 
 put them in the order of glory for yourself. Her sons have always been 
 foremost on fields of danger. In 1832-33, at the call of Gov. Reynolds, 
 her sons drove Blackhawk over the Mississippi. 
 
 When the Mexican war came, in May, 1846, 8,370 men offered them- 
 selves when only 3,720 could be accepted. The fields of Buena Vista and 
 Vera Cruz, and the storming of Cerro Gordo, will carry the glory of Illinois 
 soldiers along after the infamy of the cause they served has been forgotten. 
 But it was reserved till our day for her sons to find a field and cause and 
 foemen that could fitly illustrate their spirit and heroism. Illinois put 
 into her own regiments for the United States government 256,000 men, 
 and into the army through other States enough to swell the number to 
 290,000. This far exceeds all the soldiers of' the federal government in 
 all the war of the revolution. Her total years of service were over 600,000. 
 She enrolled men from eighteen to forty-five years of age when the law 
 of Congress in 1864 — the test time — only asked for those from twenty to 
 forty-five. Her enrollment was otherwise excessive. Her people wanted 
 to go, and did not take the pains to correct the enrollment. Thus the 
 basis of fixing the quota was too great, and then the quota itself, at least 
 in the trying time, was far above any other State. 
 
 Thus the demand on some counties, as Monroe, for example, took every 
 able-bodied man in the county, and then did not have enough to fill the 
 quota. Moreover, Illinois sent 20,844 men for ninety or one hundred days, 
 for whom no credit "was asked. When Mr. Lincoln's attention was called 
 to the inequality of the quota compared with other States, he replied, 
 " The country needs the sacrifice. We must put the whip on the free 
 horse." In spite of all these disadvantages Illinois gave to the country 
 73,000 years of service above all calls. With one-thirteenth of the popu- 
 lation of the loyal States, she sent regularly one-tenth of all the soldiers, 
 and in the peril of the closing calls, when patriots were few and weary, 
 she then sent one-eighth of all that were called for by her loved and hon- 
 ored son in the white house. Her mothers and daughters went into the 
 fields to raise the grain and keep the children together, while the fathers 
 and older sons went to the harvest fields of the world. I knew a father 
 and four sons who agreed that one of them must stay at home ; and they 
 pulled straws from a stack to see who might go. The father was left. 
 The next day he came into the camp, saying : " Mother says she can get 
 the crops in, and I am going, too." I know large Methodist churches 
 from which every male member went to the army. Do you want to know 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OE ILLINOIS. 131 
 
 what these heroes from Illinois did in the field ? Ask any soldier with a 
 good record of his own, who is thus able to judge, and he will tell you 
 that the Illinois men went in to win. It is common history that the greater 
 victories were won in the West. When everything else looked dark Illi- 
 nois was gaining victories all down the river, and dividing the confederacy. 
 Sherman took with him on his great march forty-five regiments of Illinois 
 infantry, three companies of artillery, and one company of cavalry. He 
 could not avoid 
 
 GOING TO THE SEA. 
 
 If he had been killed, I doubt not the men would have gone right on. 
 Lincoln answered all rumors of Sherman's defeat with, " It is impossible ; 
 there is a mighty sight of fight in 100,000 Western men." Illinois soldiers 
 brought home 300 battle-flags. The first United States flag that floated 
 over Richmond was an Illinois flag. She sent messengers and nurses to 
 every field and hospital, to care for her sick and wounded sons. She said, 
 *' These suffering ones are my sons, and I will care for them." 
 
 When individuals had given all, then cities and towns came forward 
 with their credit to the extent of many millions, to aid these men and 
 their families. 
 
 Illinois gave the country the great general of the war — Ulysses S. 
 Grant — since honored with two terms of the Presidency of the United 
 States. 
 
 One other name from Illinois comes up in all minds, embalmed in all 
 hearts, that must have the supreme place in this story of our glory and 
 of our nation's honor ; that name is Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois. 
 
 The analysis of Mr. Lincoln's character is difficult on account of its 
 symmetry. 
 
 In this age we look with admiration at his uncompromising honesty. 
 And well we may, for this saved us. Thousands throughout the length 
 and breadth of our country who knew him only as " Honest Old Abe," 
 voted for him on that account ; and wisely did they choose, for no other 
 man could have carried us through the fearful night of the war. When 
 his plans were too vast for our comprehension, and his faith in the cause 
 too sublime for our participation ; when it was all night about us, and all 
 dread before us, and all sad and desolate behind us ; when not one ray 
 shone upon our cause ; when traitors were haughty and exultant at the 
 South, and fierce and blasphemous at the North ; when the loyal men here 
 seemed almost in the minority ; when the stoutest heart quailed, the bravest 
 cheek paled ; when generals were defeating each other for place, and 
 contractors were leeching out the very heart's blood of the prostrate 
 republic : when every thing else had failed us, we looked at this calm, 
 patient man standing like a rock in the storm, and said ; " Mr. Lincoln 
 
132 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 is honest, and we can trust him still." Holding to this single point with 
 the energy of faith and despair we held together, and, under God, he 
 brought us through to victory. 
 
 His practical wisdom made him the wonder of all lands. With such 
 certainty did Mr. Lincoln follow causes to their ultimate effects, that his 
 foresight of contingencies seemed almost prophetic. 
 
 He is radiant with all the great virtues, and his memory shall shed a 
 glory upon this age that shall fill the eyes of men as they look into his- 
 tory. Other men have excelled him iii some point, but, taken at all 
 points, all in all, he stands head and shoulders above every other man of 
 6,000 years. An administrator, he saved the nation in the perils of 
 unparalleled civil war. A statesman, he justified his measures by their 
 success. A philanthropist, he gave liberty to one race and salvation to 
 another. A moralist, he bowed from the summit of human power to the 
 foot of the Cross, and became a Christian. A mediator, he exercised mercy 
 under the most absolute abeyance to law. A leader, he was no partisan. 
 A commander, he was untainted with blood. A ruler in desperate times, 
 he was unsullied with crime. A man, he has left no word of passion, no 
 thought of malice, no trick of craft, no act of jealousy, no purpose of 
 selfish ambition. Thus perfected, without a model, and without a peer, 
 he was dropped into these troubled years to adorn and embellish all that 
 is good and all that is great in our humanity, and to present to all coming 
 time the representative of the divine idea of free government. 
 
 It is not too much to say that away down in the future, when the 
 republic has fallen from its niche in the wall of time ; when the great 
 war itself shall have faded out in the distance like a mist on the horizon ; 
 when the Anglo-Saxon language shall be spoken only by the tongue of 
 the stranger ; then the generations looking this way shall see the great 
 president as the supreme figure in this vortex of historv 
 
 CHICAGO. 
 
 It is impossible in our brief space to give more than a meager sketch 
 of such a city as Chicago, which is in itself the greatest marvel of the 
 Prairie State. This mysterious, majestic, mighty city, born first of water, 
 and next of fire; sown in weakness, and raised in power; planted among 
 the willows of the marsh, and crowned with the glory of the mountains ; 
 sleeping on the bosom of the prairie, and rocked on the bosom of the sea ; 
 the youngest city of the world, and still the eye of the prairie, as Damas- 
 cus, the oldest city of the world, is the eye of the desert. With a com- 
 merce far exceeding that of Corinth on her isthmus, in the highway to 
 the East ; with the defenses of a continent piled around her by the thou- 
 sand miles, making her far safer than Rome on the banks of the Tiber ; 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 
 
 133 
 
134 HISTORY OF THE STATE OE ILLINOIS. 
 
 with schools eclipsing Alexandria and Athens ; with liberties more con- 
 spicuous than those of the old republics ; with a heroism equal to the first 
 Carthage, and with a sanctity scarcely second to that of Jerusalem — set 
 your thoughts on all this, lifted into the eyes of all men by the miracle of 
 its growth, illuminated by the flame of its fall, and transfigured by the 
 divinity of its resurrection, and you will feel, as I do, the utter impossi- 
 bility of compassing this subject as it deserves. Some impression of her 
 importance is received from the shock her burning gave to the civilized 
 world. 
 
 When the doubt of her calamity was removed, and the horrid fact 
 was accepted, there went a shudder over all cities, and a quiver over all 
 lands. There was scarcely a town in the civilized world that did not 
 shake on the brink of this opening chasm. The flames of our homes red- 
 dened all skies. The city was set upon a hill, and could not be hid. All 
 eyes were turned upon it. To have struggled and suffered amid the 
 scenes of its fall is as distinguishing as to have fought at Thermopylae, or 
 Salamis, or Hastings, or Waterloo, or Bunker Hill. 
 
 Its calamity amazed the world, because it was felt to be the common 
 property of mankind. 
 
 The early history of the city is full of interest, just as the early his- 
 torv of such a man as Washington or Lincoln becomes public property, 
 and is cherished by ever}'' patriot. 
 
 Starting with 560 acres in 1833, it embraced and occupied 23,000 
 acres in 1869, and, having now a population of more than 500,000, it com- 
 mands general attention. 
 
 The first settler — Jean Baptiste Pointe an Sable, a mulatto from the 
 West Indies — came and began trade with the Indians in 1796. John 
 Kinzie became his successor in 1804, in which year Fort Dearborn was 
 erected. 
 
 A mere trading-post was kept here from that time till about the time 
 of the Blackhawk war, in 1832. It was not the city. It was merely a 
 cock crowing at midnight. The morning was not yet. In 1833 the set- 
 tlement about the fort was incorporated as a town. The voters were 
 divided on the propriety of such corporation, twelve voting for it and one 
 against it. Four years later it was incorporated as a city, and embraced 
 660 acres. 
 
 The produce handled in this city is an indication of its power. Grain 
 and flour were imported from the East till as late as 1837. The first 
 exportation by way of experiment was in 1839. Exports exceeded imports 
 first in 1842. The Board of Trade was organized in 1848, but it was so 
 weak that it needed nursing till 1855. Grain was purchased by the 
 wagon-load in the street. 
 
 I remember sitting with my father on a load of wheat, in the long 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 135 
 
 line of wagons along Lake street, while the buyers came and untied the 
 bags, and examined the grain, and made their bids. That manner of 
 business had to cease with the day of small things. Now our elevators 
 will hold 15,000,000 bushels of grain. The cash value of the produce 
 handled in a year is $215,000,000, and the produce weighs 7,000,000 
 tons or 700,000 car loads. This handles thirteen and a half ton each 
 minute, all the year round. One tenth of all the wheat in the United 
 States is handled in Chicago. Even as long ago as 1863 the receipts of 
 grain in Chicago exceeded those of the goodly city of St. Louis, and in 
 1854 the exports of grain from Chicago exceeded those of New York and 
 doubled those of St. Petersburg, Archangel, or Odessa, the largest grain 
 markets in Europe. 
 
 The manufacturing interests of the city are not contemptible. In 
 1873 manufactories employed 45,000 operatives ; in 1876, 60,000. The 
 manufactured product in 1875 was worth $177,000,000. 
 
 No estimate of the size and power of Chicago would be adequate 
 that did not put large emphasis on the railroads. Before they came 
 thundering along our streets canals were the hope of our country. But 
 who ever thinks now of traveling by canal packets ? , In June, 1852, 
 there were only forty miles of railroad connected with the city. The 
 old Galena division of the Northwestern ran out to Elgin. But now, 
 who can count the trains and measure the roads that seek a terminus or 
 connection in this city ? The lake stretches away to the north, gathering 
 in to this center all the harvests that might otherwise pass to the north 
 of us. If you will take a map and look at the adjustment of railroads, 
 you will see, first, that Chicago is the great railroad center of the world, 
 as New York is the commercial city of this continent ; and, second, that 
 the railroad lines form the iron spokes of a great wheel whose hub is 
 this city. The lake furnishes the only break in the spokes, and this 
 seems simply to have pushed a few spokes together on each shore. See 
 the eighteen trunk lines, exclusive of eastern connections. 
 
 Pass round the circle, and view their numbers and extent. There 
 is the great Northwestern, with all its branches, one branch creeping 
 along the lake shore, and so reaching to the north, into the Lake Superior 
 regions, away to the right, and on to the Northern Pacific on the left, 
 swinging around Green Bay for iron and copper and silver, twelve months 
 in the year, and reaching out for the wealth of the great agricultural 
 belt and isothermal line traversed by the Northern Pacific. Another 
 branch, not so far north, feeling for the heart of the Badger State. 
 Another pushing lower down tlie Mississippi — all these make many con- 
 nections, and tapping all the vast wheat regions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, 
 Iowa, and all the regions this side of sunset. There is that elegant road, 
 the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, running out a goodly number of 
 
136 
 
 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 OLD FOET DEARBORN, 1830. 
 
 PRESENT SITE OF LAKE STIIEET BKIDGE, CHICAGO, IN 1833. 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 137 
 
 branches, and reaping the great fields this side of the Missouri River. 
 I can only mention the Chicago, Alton & St. Louis, our Illinois Central, 
 described elsewhere, and the Chicago & Rock Island. Further around 
 we come to the lines connecting us with all the eastern cities. The 
 Chicago, Indianapolis & St. Louis, the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & 
 Chicago, the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, and the Michigan Cen- 
 tral and Great Western, give us many highways to the seaboard. Thus we 
 reach the Mississippi at five points, from St. Paul to Cairo and the Gulf 
 Itself by two routes. We also reach Cincinnati and Baltimore, and Pitts- 
 burgh and Philadelphia, and New York. North and south run the water 
 courses of the lakes and the rivers, broken just enough at this point to 
 make a pass. Through this, from east to west, run the long lines that 
 stretch from ocean to ocean. 
 
 This is the neck, of the glass, and the golden sands of commerce 
 must pass into our hands. Altogether we have more than 10,000 miles 
 of railroad, directly tributary to this city, seeking to unload their wealth 
 in our coffers. All these roads have come themselves by the infallible 
 instinct of capital. Not a dollar was ever given by the city to secure 
 one of them, and only a small per cent, of stock taken originally by her 
 citizens, and that taken simply as an investment. Coming in the natural 
 order of events, they will not be easily diverted. 
 
 There is still another showing to all this. The connection between 
 New York and San Francisco is by the middle route. This passes inevit- 
 ably through Chicago. St. Louis wants the Southern Pacific or Kansas 
 Pacific, and pushes it out through Denver, and so on up to Cheyenne. 
 But before the road is fairly under way, the Chicago roads shove out to 
 Kansas City, making even the Kansas Pacific a feeder, and actually leav- 
 ing St. Louis out in the cold. It is not too much to expect that Dakota, 
 Montana, and Washington Territory will find their great market in Chi- 
 cago. 
 
 But these are not all. Perhaps I had better notice here the ten or 
 fifteen new roads that have just entered, or are just entering, our city. 
 Their names are all that is necessary to give. Chicago & St. Paul, look- 
 ing up the Red River country to the British possessions ; the Chicago, 
 Atlantic & Pacific ; the Chicago, Decatur & State Line ; the Baltimore & 
 Ohio; the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes; the Chicago & LaSalle Rail- 
 road ; the Chicago, Pittsburgh & Cincinnati ; the Chicago and Canada 
 Southern ; the Chicago and Illinois River Railroad. These, with their 
 connections, and with the new connections of the old roads, already in 
 process of erection, give to Chicago not less than 10,000 miles of new 
 tributaries from the richest land on the continent. Thus there will be 
 added to the reserve power, to the capital within reach of this city, not 
 less than $1,000,000,000. 
 
138 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 Add to all this transporting power the ships that sail one every nine 
 minutes of the business hours of the season of navigation ; add, also, the | 
 canal boats that leave one every five minutes during the same time — and i 
 you will see something of the business of the city. 
 
 THE COMMERCE OF THIS CITY 
 
 has been leaping along to keep pace with the growth of the country 
 around us. In 1852, our commerce reached the hopeful sum of 
 120,000,000. In 1870 it reached 1400,000,000. In 1871 it was pushed 
 up above 1150,000,000. And in 1875 it touched nearly double that. 
 
 One-half of our imported goods come directly to Chicago. Grain 
 enough is exported directly from our docks to the old world to employ a 
 semi-weekly line of steamers of 3,000 tons capacity. This branch is 
 not likely to be greatly developed. Even after the great Welland Canal 
 is completed we shall have only fourteen feet of water. The great ocean 
 vessels will continue to control the trade. 
 
 The banking capital of Chicago is $24,431,000. Total exchange in 
 1875, $659,000,000. Her wholesale business in 1875 was $294,000,000. 
 The rate of taxes is less than in any other great city. 
 
 The schools of Chicago are unsurpassed in America. Out of a popu- 
 lation of 800,000 there were only 186 persons between the ages of six 
 and twenty-one unable to read. This is the best known record. 
 
 In 1831 the mail system was condensed into a half-breed, who went 
 on foot to Niles, Mich., once in two weeks, and brought back what papers 
 and news he could find. As late as 1846 there was often only one mail 
 a week. A post-office was established in Chicago in 1833, and the post- 
 master nailed up old boot-legs on one side of his shop to serve as boxes 
 for the nabobs and literary men. 
 
 It is an interesting fact in the growth of the young city that in the 
 active life of the business men of that day the mail matter has grown to 
 a daily average of over 6,500 pounds. It speaks equally well for the 
 intelligence of the people and the commercial importance of the place, 
 that the mail matter distributed to the territory immediately tributary to 
 Chicago is seven times greater than that distributed to the territory 
 immediately tributary to St. Louis. 
 
 The improvements that have characterized the city are as startling 
 as the city itself. In 1831, Mark Beaubien established a ferry over the 
 river, and put himself under bonds to carry all the citizens free for the 
 privilege of charging strangers. Now there are twenty-four large bridges 
 and two tunnels. 
 
 In 1833 the government expended $30,000 on the harbor. Then 
 commenced that series of manoeuvers with the river that has made it one 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF H^LINOIS. 139 
 
 of the world's curiosities. It used to wind around in the lower end of 
 the town, and make its way rippling over the sand into the lake at the 
 foot of Madison street. They took it up and put it down where it now 
 is. It was a narrow stream, so narrow that even moderately small crafts 
 had to go up through the willows and cat's tails to the point near Lake 
 street bridge, and back up one of the branches to get room enough in 
 which to turn around. 
 
 In 1844 the quagmires in the streets were first pontooned by plank 
 roads, which acted in wet weather as public squirt-guns. Keeping you 
 out of the mud, they compromised by squirting the mud over you. The 
 wooden-block pavements came to Chicago in 1857. In 1840 water was 
 delivered by peddlers in carts or by hand. Then a twenty-five horse- 
 power engine pushed it through hollow or bored logs along the streets 
 till 1854, when it was introduced into the houses by new works. The 
 first fire-engine was used in 1835, and the first steam fire-engine in 1859. 
 Gas was utilized for lighting the city in 1850. The Young Men's Chris- 
 tian Association was organized in 1858, and horse railroads carried them 
 to their work in 1859. The museum was opened in 1863. The alarm 
 telegraph adopted in 1864. The opera-house built in 1865. The city 
 grew from 560 acres in 1833 to 23,000 in 1869. In 1834, the taxes 
 amounted to $48.90, and the trustees of the town borrowed |60 more for 
 opening and improving streets. In 1835, the legislature authorized a loan 
 of 12,000, and the treasurer and street commissioners resigned rather than 
 plunge the town into such a gulf. 
 
 Now the city embraces 36 square miles of territory, and has 30 miles 
 of water front, besides the outside harbor of refuge, of 400 acres, inclosed 
 by a crib sea-wall. One-third of the city has been raised up an average 
 of eight feet, giving good pitch to the 263 miles of sewerage. The water 
 of the city is above all competition. It is received through two tunnels 
 extending to a crib in the lake two miles from shore. The closest analy- 
 sis fails to detect any impurities, and, received 35 feet below the surface, 
 it is always clear and cold. The first tunnel is five feet two inches in 
 diameter and two miles long, and can deliver 50,000,000 of gallons per 
 day. The second tunnel is seven feet in diameter and six miles long, 
 running four miles under the city, and can deliver 100,000,000 of gal- 
 lons per day. This water is distributed through 410 miles of water- 
 mains. 
 
 The three grand engineering exploits of the city are : First, lifting 
 the city up on jack-screws, whole squares at a time, without interrupting 
 tlie business, thus giving us good drainage ; second, running the tunnels 
 under the lake, giving us the best water in the world ; and third, the 
 turning the current of the river in its own channel, delivering us from the 
 old abominations, and making decency possible. They redound about 
 
140 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 equally to the credit of the engineering, to the energy of the people, and 
 to the health of the city. 
 
 That which really constitutes the city, its indescribable spirit, its soul, 
 the way it lights up in every feature in the hour of action, has not been 
 touched. In meeting strangers, one is often surprised how some homely 
 women marry so well. Their forms are bad, their gait uneven and awk- 
 ward, their complexion is dull, their features are misshapen and mismatch- 
 ed, and when we see them there is no beauty that we should desire them. 
 But when once they are aroused on some subject, they put on new pro- 
 portions. They light up into great power. The real person comes out 
 from its unseemly ambush, and captures us at will. They have power. 
 They have ability to cause things to come to pass. We no longer wonder 
 why they are in such high demand. So it is with our city. 
 
 There is no grand scenery except the two seas, one of water, the 
 other of prairie. Nevertheless, there is a spirit about it, a push, a breadth, 
 a power, that soon makes it a place never to be forsaken. One soon 
 ceases to believe in impossibilities. Balaams are the only prophets that are 
 disappointed. The bottom that has been on the point of falling out has 
 been there so long that it has grown fast. It can not fall out. It has all 
 the capital of the world itching to get inside the corporation. 
 
 The two great laws that govern the growth and size of cities are, 
 first, the amount of territory for which they are the distributing and 
 receiving points ; second, the number of medium or moderate dealers that 
 do this distributing. Monopolists build up themselves, not the cities. 
 They neither eat, wear, nor live in proportion to their business. Both 
 these laws help Chicago. 
 
 The tide of trade is eastward — not up or down the map, but across 
 the map. The lake runs up a wingdam for 500 miles to gather in the 
 business. Commerce can not ferry up there for seven months in the year, 
 and the facilities for seven months can do the work for twelve. Then the 
 great region west of us is nearly all good, productive land. Dropping 
 south into the trail of St. Louis, you fall into vast deserts and rocky dis- 
 tricts, useful in holding the world together. St. Louis and Cincinnati, 
 instead of rivaling and hurting Chicago, are her greatest sureties of 
 dominion. They are far enough away to give sea-room, — farther off than 
 Paris is from London, — and yet they are near enough to prevent the 
 springing up of any other great city between them. 
 
 St. Louis will be helped by the opening of the Mississippi, but also 
 hurt. That will put New Orleans on her feet, and with a railroad running 
 over into Texas and so West, she will tap the streams that now crawl up 
 the Texas and Missouri road. The current is East, not North, and a sea- 
 port at New Orleans can not permanently help St. Louis. 
 
 Chicago is in the field almost alone, to handle the wealth of one- 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 141 
 
 fourth of the territory of this great republic. This strip of seacoast 
 divides its margins between Portland, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, 
 Baltimore and Savannah, or some other great port to be created for the 
 South in the next decade. But Chicago has a dozen empires casting their 
 treasures into her lap. On a bed of coal that can run all the machinery 
 of the world for 500 centuries ; in a garden that can feed the race by the 
 thousand years ; at the head of the lakes that give her a temperature as a 
 summer resort equaled by no great city in the land ; with a climate that 
 insures the health of her citizens ; surrounded by all the great deposits 
 of natural wealth in mines aud forests and herds, Chicago is the wonder 
 of to-day, and will be the city of the future. 
 
 MASSACRE AT FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 During the war of 1812, Fort Dearborn became the theater of stirring 
 events. The garrison consisted of fifty-four men under command of 
 Captain Nathan Heald, assisted by Lieutenant Helm (son-in-law of Mrs. 
 Kinzie) and Ensign Ronan. Dr. Voorhees was surgeon. The only resi- 
 dents at the post at that time were the wives of Captain Heald and Lieu- 
 tenant Helm, and a few of the soldiers, Mr. Kinzie and his family, and 
 a few Canadian voyageurs^ with their wives and children. The soldiers 
 and Mr. Kinzie were on most friendly terms with the Pottawattamies 
 and Winnebagos, the principal tribes around them, but they could not 
 win them from their attachment to the British. 
 
 One evening in April, 1812, Mr. Kinzie sat playing on his violin and 
 his children were dancing to the music, when Mrs. Kinzie came rushing 
 into the house, pale with terror, and exclaiming : " The Indians ! the 
 Indians ! " " What ? Where ? " eagerly inquired Mr. Kinzie. " Up 
 at Lee's, killing and scalping," answered the frightened mother, who, 
 when the alarm was given, was attending Mrs. Barnes (just confined) 
 living not far off. Mr. Kinzie and his family crossed the river and took 
 refuge in the fort, to which place Mrs. Barnes and her infant not a day 
 old were safely conveyed. The rest of the inhabitants took shelter in the 
 fort. This alarm was caused by a scalping party of Winnebagos, who 
 hovered about the fort several days, when they disappeared, and for several 
 weeks the inhabitants were undisturbed. 
 
 On the 7th of August, 1812, General Hull, at Detroit, sent orders to 
 Captain Heald to evacuate Fort Dearborn, and to distribute all the United 
 States property to the Indians in the neighborhood — a most insane order. 
 The Pottawattamie chief, who brought the dispatch, had more wisdom 
 than the commanding general. He advised Captain Heald not to make 
 the distribution. Said he : " Leave the fort and stores as they are, and 
 let the Indians make distribution for themselves ; and while they are 
 engaged in the business, the white people may escape to Fort Wayne." 
 
SISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 143 
 
 Captain Heald held a council with the Indians on the afternoon ot 
 the 12th, in which his officers refused to join, for they had been informed 
 that treachery was designed — that the Indians intended to murder the 
 white people in the council, and then destroy those in the fort. Captain 
 Heald, however, took the precaution to open a port-hole displaying a 
 cannon pointing directly upon the council, and by that means saved 
 his life. 
 
 Mr. Kinzie, who knew the Indians well, begged Captain Heald not 
 to confide in their promises, nor distribute the arms and munitions among 
 them, for it would only put power into their hands to destroy the whites. 
 Actino" upon this advice, Heald resolved to withhold the munitions of 
 war ; and on the night of the 13th, after the distribution of the other 
 property had been made, the powder, ball and liquors were thrown into 
 the river, the muskets broken up and destroyedir 
 
 Black Partridge, a friendly chief, came to Captain Heald, and said : 
 " Linden birds have been singing in my ears to-day: be careful on the 
 march you are going to take." On that dark night vigilant Indians had 
 crept near the fort and discovered the destruction of their promised booty 
 going on within. The next morning the powder was seen floating on the 
 surface of the river. The savages were exasperated and made loud com- 
 plaints and threats. 
 
 On the following day when preparations were making to leave the 
 fort, and all the inmates were deeply impressed with a sense of impend- 
 ing danger, Capt. Wells, an uncle of Mrs. Heald, was discovered upon 
 the Indian trail among the sand-hills on the borders of the lake, not far 
 distant, with a band of mounted Miamis, of whose tribe he was chief, 
 having been adopted by the famous Miami warrior. Little Turtle. When 
 news of Hull's surrender reached Fort Wayne, he had started with this 
 force to assist Heald in defending Fort Dearborn. He was too late. 
 Every means for its defense had been destroyed the night before, and 
 arrangements were made for leaving the fort on the morning of the 15th. 
 
 It was a warm bright morning in the middle of August. Indications 
 were positive that the savages intended to murder the white people ; and 
 when they moved out of the southern gate of the fort, the march was 
 like a funeral procession. The band, feeling the solemnity of the occa- 
 sion, struck up the Dead March in Saul. 
 
 Capt. Wells, who had blackened his face with gun-powder in token 
 of his fate, took the lead with his band of Miamis, followed by Capt. 
 Heald, with his wife by his side on horseback. Mr. Kinzie hoped by his 
 personal influence to avert the impending blow, and therefore accompanied 
 them, leaving his family in a boat in charge of a friendly Indian, to be 
 taken to his trading station at the site of Niles, Michigan, in the event ol 
 his death. 
 
144 
 
 HISTOKY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 145 
 
 The procession moved slowly along the lake shore till they reached 
 the sand-hills between the prairie and the beach, when the Pottawattamie 
 escort, under the leadership of Blackbird, filed to the right, placing those 
 hills between them and the white people. Wells, with his Miamis, had 
 kept in the advance. They suddenly came rushing back. Wells exclaim- 
 ing, " They are about to attack us ; form instantly." These words were 
 quickly followed by a storm of bullets, which came whistling over the 
 little hills which the treacherous savages had made the covert for their 
 murderous attack. The white troop-s charged upon the Indians, drove 
 them back to the prairie, and then the battle was waged between fifty- 
 four soldiers, twelve civilians and three or four women (the cowardly 
 Miamis having fled at the outset) against five hundred Indian warriors. 
 The white people, hopeless, resolved to sell their lives as dearly as possible. 
 Ensign Ronan wielded his weapon vigorously, even after falling upon his 
 knees weak from the loss of blood. Capt. Wells, who was by the side of 
 his niece, Mrs. Heald, when the conflict began, behaved with the greatest 
 coolness and courage. He said to her, " We have not the slightest chance 
 for life. We must part to meet no more in this world. God bless you." 
 And then he dashed forward. Seeing a young warrior, painted like a 
 demon, climb into a wagon in which were twelve children, and tomahawk 
 them all, he cried out, unmindful of his personal danger, " If that is your 
 game, butchering women and children, I will kill too." He spurred liis 
 horse towards the Indian camp, where they had left their squaws and 
 papooses, hotly pursued by swift-footed young warriors, who sent bullets 
 whistling after him. One of these killed his horse and wounded hira 
 severely in the leg. With a yell the young braves rushed to make him 
 their prisoner and reserve him for torture. He resolved not to be made 
 a captive, and by tlie use of the most provoking epithets tried to induce 
 them to kill him instantly. He called a fiery young chief a squaiv, when 
 the enraged warrior killed Wells instantly with his tomahawk, jumped 
 upon his body, cut out his heart, and ate a portion of the warm morsel 
 with savage delight ! 
 
 In this fearful combat women bore a conspicuous part. Mrs. Heald 
 was an excellent equestrian and an expert in the use of the rifle. She 
 fought the savages bravely, receiving several severe wounds. Though 
 faint from the loss of blood, she managed to keep her saddle. A savage 
 raised his tomaliawk to kill her, when she looked him full in the face, 
 and with a sweet smile and in a gentle voice said, in his own language, 
 " Surely you will not kill a squaw ! " The arm of the savage fell, and 
 the life of the heroic woman was saved. 
 
 Mrs. Helm, the step-daughter of Mr. Kinzie, had an encounter with 
 a stout Indian, who attempted to tomahawk her. Springing to one side, 
 she received the glancing blow on her shoulder, and at the same instant 
 
14G HISTORY OF THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 
 
 seized the savage round the neck with her arms and endeavored to get 
 hold of his scalping knife, which hung in a sheath at his breast. While 
 she was thus struggling she was dragged from her antagonist by anothei' 
 powerful Indian, who bore her, in spite of her struggles, to the margin 
 of the lake and plunged her in. To her astonishment she was held by 
 him so that she would not drown, and she soon perceived that she was 
 in the hands of the friendly Black Partridge, who had saved her life. 
 
 The wife of Sergeant Holt, a large and powerful woman, behaved as 
 bravely as an Amazon. She rode a fine, high-spirited horse, which the 
 Indians coveted, and several of them attacked her with the butts of their 
 guns, for the purpose of dismounting her ; but she used the sword which 
 she had snatched from her disabled husband so skillfully that she foiled 
 them ; and, suddenly wheeling her horse, she dashed over the prairie, 
 followed by the savages shouting, " The brave woman ! the brave woman ! 
 Don't hurt her ! " They finally overtook her, and while she was fighting 
 them in front, a powerful savage came up behind her, seized her by the 
 neck and dragged her to the ground. Horse and woman were made 
 captives. Mrs. Holt was a long time a captive among the Indians, but 
 was afterwards ransomed. 
 
 In this sharp conflict two-thirds of the white people were slain and 
 wounded, and all their horses, baggage and provision were lost. Only 
 twenty-eight straggling men now remained to fight five hundred Indians 
 rendered furious by the sight of blood. They succeeded in breaking 
 through the ranks of the murderers and gaining a slight eminence on the 
 prairie near the Oak Woods. The Indians did not pursue, but gathered 
 on their flanks, while the chiefs held a consul tation^on the sand-hills, and 
 showed signs of willingness to parley. It would have been madness on 
 the part of the whites to renew the fight ; and so Capt. Heald went for- 
 ward and met Blackbird on the open prairie, where terms of surrender 
 were soon agreed upon. It was arranged that the white people should 
 give up their arms to Blackbird, and that the survivors should become 
 prisoners of war, to be exchanged for ransoms as soon as practicable. 
 With this understanding captives and captors started for the Indian 
 camp near the fort, to which Mrs. Helm had been taken bleeding and 
 suffering by Black Partridge, and had met her step-father and learned 
 that her husband was safe. 
 
 A new scene of horror was now opened at the Indian camp. The 
 wounded, not being included in the terms of surrender, as it was inter- 
 preted by the Indians, and the British general. Proctor, having offered a 
 liberal bounty for Americafn scalps, delivered at Maiden, nearly all the 
 wounded men were killed and scalped, and the price of the trophies was 
 afterwards paid by the British government. 
 
^^ -.^, 
 
 I i 
 
 4 W 
 
 Thatcher Blake Esq. 
 
 ROCKFORD ILL 
 
HISTORY OE THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 
 
 149 
 
 SHABBONA. 
 
 This celebrated Indian chief, whose portrait appears in this work, 
 deserves more than a passing notice. Although Shabbona was not so con- 
 spicuous as Tecumseh or Black Hawk, yet in point of merit he was 
 superior to either of them. 
 
 Shabbona was born at an Indian village on the Kankakee River, now 
 in Will County, about the year 1775. While young he was made chief of 
 the band, and went to Shabbona Grove, now DeKalb County, where they 
 were found in the early settlement of the county. 
 
 In the war of 1812 Shabbona with his warriors joined Tecumseh, was 
 
150 HISTOJflY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 aid to that great chief, and stood by liis side when he fell at the battle of 
 the Thames. At the time of the Winnebago war, in 1827, he visited almost 
 every village among the Pottawatomies, and by his persuasive arguments 
 prevented them from ta]j;ing part in the war. B}^ request of the citizens 
 of Chicago, Shabbona, accompanied by Billy Caldwell (Sauganash), visited 
 Big Foot's village at Geneva Lake, in order to pacify the warriors, as fears 
 were entertained that they were about to raise the tomahawk against the 
 whites. Here Shabbona was taken prisoner by Big Foot, and his life 
 threatened, but on the following day was set at liberty. From that time 
 the Indians (through reproach) styled him " the white man's friend," 
 and many times his life was endangered. 
 
 Before the Black Hawk war, Shabbona met in council at two differ- 
 ent times, and by his influence prevented his people from taking part with 
 the Sacs and Foxes. After the death of Black Partridge and Senachwine, 
 no chief among the Pottawatomies exerted so much influence as Shabbona. 
 Black Hawk, aware of this influence, visited him at two different times, in 
 order to enlist him in his cause, but was unsuccessful. While Black Hawk 
 was a prisoner at Jefferson Barracks, he said, had it not been for Shabbona 
 the whole Pottawatomie nation would have joined his standard, and he 
 could have continued the war for years. 
 
 To Shabbona many of the early settlers of Illinois owe the pres- 
 ervation of their lives, for it is a well-known fact, had he not notified the 
 people of their danger, a large portion of them would have fallen victims 
 to the tomahawk of savages. By saving the lives of whites he endangered 
 his own, for the Sacs and Foxes threatened to kill him, and made two 
 attempts to execute their threats. They killed Pypeogee, his son, and 
 Pyps, his nephew, and hunted him down as though he was a wild beast. 
 
 Shabbona had a reservation of two sections of land at his Grove, but 
 by leaving it and going west for a short time, the Government declared 
 the reservation forfeited, and sold it the same as other vacant land. On 
 Shabbona's return, and finding his possessions gone, he was very sad and 
 broken down in spirit, and left the Grove for ever. The citizens of Ottawa 
 raised money and bought him a tract of land on the Illinois River, above 
 Seneca, in Grundy County, on which they built a house, and supplied 
 him with means to live on. He lived here until his death, which occurred 
 on the 17th of Jul}^ 1859, in the eight5^-fourth year of his age, and was 
 buried with great pomp in the cemetery at Morris. His squaw, Pokanoka, 
 was drowned in Mazen Creek, Grundy County, on the 30th of November, 
 1864, and was buried by his side. 
 
 In 1861 subscriptions were taken up in many of the river towns, to 
 erect a monument over the remains of Shabbona, but the war breaking 
 out, the enterprise was abandoned. Only a plain marble slab marks the 
 resting-place of this friend of the white man. 
 
Abstract of Illinois State Laws. 
 
 BILLS OF EXCHANGE AND PROMISSORY NOTES. 
 
 - No promissory note, check, draft, hill of exchange, order, or note, negO' 
 
 tiable instrument payable at sight, or on demand, or on presentment, shall 
 
 he entitled to days of grace. All other bills of exchange, drafts or notes are 
 
 entitled to three days of grace. All the above mentioned paper falling 
 
 due on Sunday, New Years'' Day, the Fourth of July, Christmas, or any 
 
 day appointed or recommended by the President of the United States or 
 
 the Governor of the State as a day of fast or thanksgiving, shall be deemed 
 
 as due on the day previous, and should two or more of these days come 
 
 togethfer, then such instrument shall be treated as due on the day previous 
 
 to the first of said days. JVo defense can be made against a negotiable 
 
 instrument (^assigned before due') in the hands of the assignee without 
 
 ; notice, except fraud tvas used in obtaining the same. To hold an indorser, 
 
 due diligence must be used by suit, in collecting of the maker, unless suit 
 
 would have been unavailing. Notes payable to person named or to order, 
 
 in order to absolutely transfer title, must be indorsed by the payee. Notes 
 
 ' payable to bearer may be transferred by delivery, and when so payable 
 
 , every indorser thereon is held as a guarantor of payment unless otherwise 
 
 expressed. 
 
 )■ In computing interest or discount on negotiable instruments, a month 
 
 1 shall be considered a calendar month or twelfth of a year, and for less 
 
 , than a month, a day shall be figured a thirtieth part of a month. Notes 
 
 only bear interest when so expressed, but after due they draw the legal 
 
 .interest, even if not stated. 
 
 \ INTEREST. 
 
 u The legal rate of interest is six per cent. Parties may agree in writ- 
 hing on a rate not exceeding ten per cent. If a rate of interest greater 
 :'|than ten per cent, is contracted for, it works a forfeiture of the whole of 
 Uaid interest, and only the principal can be recovered. 
 
 DESCENT. 
 
 When no will is made, the property of a deceased person is distrib- 
 uted as follows : 
 
 151 
 
152 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 First. To his or her children and their descendants in equal parts ; 
 the descendants of the deceased child or grandchild taking the share of 
 their deceased parents in equal parts among them. 
 
 Second. Where there is no child, nor descendant of such child, and 
 no widow or surviving husband, then to the parents, brothers and sisters 
 of the deceased, and their descendants, in equal parts, the surviving 
 parent, if either be dead, taking a double portion ; and if there is no | 
 parent living, then to the brothers and sisters of the intestate and their ; 
 descendants. 
 
 Third. When there is a widow or surviving husband^ and no child or \ 
 children, or descendants of the same, then one-half of the real estate and 
 the whole of the personal estate shall descend to such widow or surviving 
 husband, absolutely, and the other half of the real estate shall descend as 
 in other cases where there is no child or children or descendants of the 
 same. 
 
 Fourth. When there is a widow or surviving husband and also a child 
 or children, or descendants of the latter, then one third of all the personal 
 estate to the widow or surviving husband absolutely. 
 
 Fifth. If there is no child, parent, brother or sister, or descendants of 
 either of them, and no widow or surviving husband, then in equal parts 
 to the next of kin to the intestate in equal degree. Collaterals shall not 
 be represented except with the descendants of brothers and sisters of the 
 intestate, and there shall be no distinction between kindred of the whole 
 and the half blood. 
 
 Sixth. If any intestate leaves a widoiu or surviving husband and w» 
 kindred, then to such widow or surviving husband ; and if there is no such 
 widow or surviving husband, it shall escheat to and vest in the county 
 where the same, or the greater portion thereof, is situated. 
 
 WILLS AND ESTATES OF DECEASED PERSONS. 
 
 No exact form of words are necessary in order to make a will good at 
 law. Every male person of the age of twenty-one years, and every female 
 of the age of eighteen years, of sound mind and memory, can make a valid 
 will ; it must be in writing, signed by the testator or by some one in his 
 or her presence and by his or her direction, and attested by two or more 
 credible witnesses. Care should be taken that the witnesses are not inter- 
 ested in the will. Persons knowing themselves to have been named in the 
 will or appointed executor, must within thirty days of the death of 
 deceased cause the will to be proved and recorded in the proper county, 
 or present it, and refuse to accept ; on failure to do so are liable to forfeit 
 the sum of tioenty dollars per month. Inventory to be made by executor 
 or administrator within three months from date of letters testamentary or 
 
ABSTRACT OP ILLrNOIS STATE LAWS. ■ 153 
 
 of administration. Executors' and administrators' compensation not to 
 exceed six per cent, on amount of personal estate, and three per cent, 
 on money realized from real estate, with such additional allowance as 
 shall be reasonable for extra services. Appraisers' compensation $2 pef 
 day. 
 
 Notice requiring all claims to be presented against the estate shall b^ 
 given by the executor or administrator within six months of being quali- 
 fied. Any person having a claim and not presenting it at the time fixed 
 by said notice is required to have summons issued notifying the executor 
 or administrator of his having filed his claim in court ; in such cases the 
 costs have to be paid by the claimant. Claims should be filed within two 
 years from the time administration is granted on an estate, as after that 
 time they axe forever barred^ unless other estate is found that was not in- 
 ventoried. Married women, infants, persons insane, imprisoned or without 
 the United States, in the employment of the United States, or of this 
 State, have two years after their disabilities are removed to file claims. 
 
 Claims are classified and paid out of the estate in the following manner : 
 
 First. Funeral expenses. 
 
 Secondjt The widow's award, if there is a widow ; or children if there 
 are children, and no widow. 
 
 Third. Expenses attending the last illness, not including physician's 
 bill. 
 
 Fourth. Debts due the common school or township fund . 
 
 Fifth. All expenses of proving the will and taking out letters testa- 
 mentary or administration, and settlement of the estate, and the physi- 
 cian's bill in the last illness of deceased. 
 
 Sixth. Where the deceased has received money in trust for any pur- 
 pose, his executor or administrator shall pay out of his estate the amount 
 received and not accounted for. 
 
 Seventh. All other debts and demands of whatsoever kind, without 
 regard to quality or dignity, which shall be exhibited to the court within 
 two years from the granting of letters. 
 
 Award to Widow and Children, exclusive of debts and legacies or be- 
 quests, except funeral expenses : 
 
 First. The family pictures and wearing apparel, jewels and ornaments 
 of herself and minor children. 
 
 Second. School books and the family library of the value of $100. 
 
 Third. One sewing machine. 
 
 Fourth. Necessary beds, bedsteads and bedding for herself and family. 
 
 Fifth. The stoves and pipe used in the family, with the necessary 
 cooking utensils, or in case they have none, $50 in money. 
 
 Sixth. Household and kitchen furniture to the value of $100. 
 
 Seventh. One milch cow and calf for every four members of her family. 
 
154 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 Eighth. Two sheep for each member of her family, and the fleeces 
 taken from the same, and one horse, saddle and bridle. 
 
 Ninth. Provisions for herself and family for one year. 
 
 Tenth. Food for the stock above specified for six months. 
 
 Eleventh. Fuel for herself and family for three months. 
 
 Twelfth. One hundred dollars worth of other property suited to her 
 condition in life, to be selected by the widow. 
 
 The widow if she elects may have in lieu of the said award, the same 
 personal property or money in place thereof as is or may be exempt from 
 execution or attachment against the head of a family. 
 
 TAXES. 
 
 The owners of real and personal property, on the first day of May in 
 each year, are liable for the taxes thereon. 
 
 Assessments should be completed before the fourth Monday in Jime, 
 at which time the town board of review meets to examine assessments, 
 hear objections, and make such changes as ought to be made. The county 
 board have also power to correct or change assessments. 
 
 The tax books are placed in the hands of the town collector on or 
 before the tenth day of December, who retains them until the tenth day 
 of March following, when he is required to return them to the county 
 treasurer, who then collects all delinquent taxes. 
 
 No costs acqrue on real estate taxes till advertised, which takes place 
 the first day of April, when three weeks' notice is required before judg- 
 ment. Cost of advertising, twenty cents each tract of land, and ten cents 
 each lot. 
 
 Judgment is usually obtained at May term of County Court. Costs 
 six cents each tract of land, and five cents each lot.^ Sale takes place in 
 June. Costs in addition to those before mentioned, twenty-eight cents 
 each tract of land, and twenty-seven cents each town lot. 
 
 Meal estate sold for taxes may be redeemed any time before the expi- 
 ration of ttvo years from the date of sale, by payment to the County Qlerk 
 of the amount for which it was sold and twenty-five per cent, thereon if 
 redeemed within six months, fifty per cent, if between six and twelve 
 months, if between twelve and eighteen months seventy-five per cent., 
 and if between eighteen months and two years one hundred per cent., 
 and in addition, all subsequent taxes paid by the purchaser, with ten per 
 cent, interest thereon, also one dollar each tract if notice is given by the 
 purchaser of the sale, and a fee of twenty-five cents to the clerk for his 
 certificate. 
 
 JURISDICTION OF COURTS. 
 
 Justices have jurisdiction in all civil cases on cojttracts for the recovery 
 of moneys for damages for injury to real property, or taking, detaining, or 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 155 
 
 injuring personal property ; for rent; for all cases to recover damages done 
 real or personal property by railroad companies, in actions of replevin, and 
 in actions for damages for fraud in the sale, purchase, or exchange of per- 
 sonal property, when the amount claimed as due is not over $200. They 
 have also jurisdiction in all cases for violation of the ordinances of cities, 
 towns or villages. A justice of the peace may orally order an officer or a 
 private person to arrest any one committing or attempting to commit a 
 criminal offense. He also upon complaint can issue his warrant for the 
 arrest of any person accused of having committed a crime, and have him 
 brought before him for examination. 
 
 COUNTY COURTS 
 
 Have jurisdiction in all matters of probate (except in counties having a 
 population of one hundred thousand or over), settlement of estates of 
 deceased persons, appointment of guardians and co7iservators, and settle- 
 ment of their accounts ; all matters relating to apprentices ; proceedings 
 for the collection of taxes and assessments, and in proceedings of executors, 
 administrators, guardians and conservators for the sale of real estate. In 
 law cases they have concurrent jurisdiction with Circuit Courts in all 
 cases where justices of the peace now have, or hereafter may have, 
 jurisdiction when the amount claimed shall not exceed $1,000, and in all 
 criminal offenses where the punishment is not imprisonment in the peni- 
 tentiary, or death, and in all cases of appeals from justices of the peace 
 and police magistrates ; excepting when the county judge is sitting as a 
 justice of the peace. Circuit Courts have unlimited jurisdiction. 
 
 LIMITATION OF ACTION. 
 
 Accounts jive years. Notes and written contracts ten years. Judg- 
 ments twenty years. Partial payments or new promise in writing, within 
 or after said period, will revive the debt. Absence from the State deducted, 
 and when the cause of action is barred by the law of another State, it has 
 the same effect here. Slander and libel, one year. Personal injuries, two 
 years. To recover land or make entry thereon, twenty years. Action to 
 foreclose mortgage or trust deed, or make a sale, within ten years. 
 
 All persons in possession of land, and paying taxes for seven consecu- 
 tive years, with color of title, and all persons paying taxes for seven con- 
 secutive years, with color of title, on vacant land, shall be held to be the 
 legal owners to the extent of their 'paper title. 
 
 MARRIED WOMEN 
 
 May sue and he sued. Husband and wife not liable for each other'' s debts, 
 either before or after marriage, but both are liable for expenses and edu- 
 cation of the family. 
 4 
 
156 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 She may contract the same as if unmarried, except that in a partner- 
 ship business she can not, without consent of her husband, unless he has 
 abandoned or deserted her, or is idiotic or insane, or confined in peniten- 
 tiary ; she is entitled and can recover her own earnings, but neither hus- 
 band nor wife is entitled to compensation for any services rendered for the 
 other. At the death of the husband, in addition to widow's award, a 
 married woman has a dower interest (one-third) in all real estate owned 
 by her husband after their marriage, and which has not been released by 
 her, and the husband has the same interest in the real estate of the wife 
 at her death. 
 
 EXEMPTIONS FROM FORCED SALE. 
 
 Some worth $1,000, and the following Personal Property : Lot of ground 
 and buildings thereon, occupied as a residence by the debtor, being a house- 
 holder and having a family, to the value of $1,000. Exemption continues 
 after the death of the householder for the benefit of widow and family, some 
 one of them occupying the homestead until youngest child shall become 
 twenty-one years of age, and until death of widow. There is no exemptio7i 
 from sale for taxes, assessments, debt or liability incurred for the purchase 
 or improvement of said homestead. No release or waiver of exemption is 
 valid, unless in writing, and subscribed by such householder and wife (if 
 he have one), and acknowledged as conveyances of real estate are required 
 to be acknowledged. The following articles of personal property owned 
 by the debtor, are exempt from execution, writ of attachment, ayid distress 
 for rent : The necessary wearing apparel. Bibles, school books and family 
 pictures of every person ; and, 2d, one hundred dollars worth of other 
 property to be selected by the debtor, and, in addition, when the debtor 
 is the head of a family and resides with the same, three hundred dollars 
 worth of other property to be selected by the debtor; provided that such 
 selection and exemption shall not be made by the debtor or allowed to 
 him or her from any money, salary or wages due him or her from any 
 person or persons or corporations whatever. 
 
 When the head of a family shall die, desert or not reside with the 
 same, the family shall be entitled to and receive all the benefit and priv- 
 ileges which are by this act conferred upon the head of a family residing 
 with the same. No personal property is exempt from execution when 
 judgment is obtained for the wages of laborers or servants. Wages of a 
 laborer who is the head of a family can not be garnisheed, except the sum 
 due him be in excess of $25. 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 157 
 
 DEEDS AND MORTGAGES. 
 
 To he valid there must he a valid consideration. Special care should 
 be taken to have them signed, sealed, delivered, and properly acknowl- 
 edged, with the proper seal attached. Witnesses are not required. The 
 acknowledgement must be made in this state, before Master in Chancery^ 
 Notary Puhlic, United States Commissioner, Circuit or County Clerk, Justice 
 of Peace, or any Court of Record having a seal, or any Judge, Justice, or 
 Clerk of any such Court. When taken before a Notary Puhlic, or United 
 States Commissioner, the same shall be attested by his official seal, when 
 taken before a Court or the Clerk thereof, the same shall be attested by 
 the seal of such Court, and when taken before a Justice of the Peace resid- 
 ing out of the county where the real estate to be conveyed lies, there shall 
 be added a certificate of the County Clerk under his seal of office, that he 
 was a Justice of the Peace in the county at the time of taking the same. 
 A deed is good without such certificate attached, but can not be used in 
 evidence unless such a certificate is produced or other competent evidence 
 introduced. Acknowledgements made out of the state must either be 
 executed according to the laws of this state, or there should be attached 
 a certificate that it is in conformity with the laws of the state or country 
 where executed. Where this is not done the same may be proved by any 
 other legal way. Acknowledgments where the Homestead rights are to 
 be waived must state as follows : " Including the release and waiver of 
 the right of homestead." 
 
 Notaries Puhlic can take acknowledgements any where in the state. 
 
 Sheriffs, if authorized by the mortgagor of real or personal property 
 in his mortgage, may sell the property mortgaged. 
 
 In the case of the death of grantor or holder of the equity of redemp- 
 tion of real estate mortgaged, or conveyed by deed of trust where equity 
 of redemption is waived, and it contains power of sale, must be foreclosed 
 in the same manner as a common mortgage in court. 
 
 ESTRAYS. 
 
 Morses, mules, asses, neat cattle, swine, sheep, or goats found straying 
 at any time during the year, in counties where such animals are not allowed 
 to run at large, or between the last day of October and the 15th day of 
 April in other counties, the owner thereof heing unknown, may he taken up 
 as estrays. 
 
 No person not a householder in the county where estray is found can 
 lawfully take up an estray, and then only upon or ahout his farm or place 
 I of residence. Estrays should not he used hefore advertised, except animals 
 ' giving milk, which may be milked for their benefit. 
 
158 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 Notices must be posted up within five (5) days in three (3) of the 
 most public places in the town or precinct in which estray was found, giv- 
 ing the residence of the taker uj), and a particular description of the 
 estray, its age, color, and marks natural and artificial, and stating before 
 what justice of the peace in such town or precinct, and at what time, not 
 less than ten (10) nor more than fifteen (15) days from the time of post- 
 ing such notices, he will apply to have the estray appraised. 
 
 A copy of such notice should be filed by the taker up with the town 
 clerJc, whose duty it is to enter the same at large, in a book kept by him 
 for that purpose. 
 
 If the owner of estray shall not have appeared and proved ownership, 
 and taken the same away, first paying the taker up his reasonable charges 
 for taking up, keeping, and advertising the same, the taker up shall appear 
 before the justice of the peace mentioned in above mentioned notice, and 
 make an aifidavit as required by law. 
 
 As the affidavit has to be made before the justice, and all other steps as 
 to appraisement, etc., are before him, who is familiar therewith, they are 
 therefore omitted here. 
 
 Any person taking up an estray at any other place than about or 
 upon his farm or residence, or without complying with the law, shall forfeit 
 and pay a fine of ten dollars with costs. 
 
 Ordinary diligence is required in taking care of estrays, but in case 
 they die or get away the taker is not liable for the same. 
 
 GAME. 
 
 It is unlawful for any person to kill, or attempt to kill or destroy, in 
 any manner, any prairie hen or chicken or woodcock between the 15th day 
 of January and the 1st day of September ; or any deer, fawn, wild-turkey, 
 partridge or pheasant between the 1st day of February and the 1st day 
 of October ; or any quail between the 1st day of February and 1st day of 
 November ; or any wild goose, duck, snipe, brant or other water fowl 
 between the 1st day of May and 15th day of August in each year. 
 Penalty : Fine not less than $5 nor more than $25, for each bird or 
 animal, and costs of suit, and stand committed to county jail until fine is 
 paid, but not exceeding ten days. It is unlawful to hunt with gun, dog 
 or net within the inclosed grounds or lands of another without permission. 
 Penalty: Fine not less than $3 nor more than |100, to be paid into 
 school fund. 
 
 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
 
 Whenever any of the following articles shall be contracted for, or 
 sold or delivered, and no special contract or agreement shall be made to 
 the contrary, the weight per bushel shall be as follows, to-wit : 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 159 
 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Stone Coal, - 
 
 - 80 
 
 Buckwheat, - 
 
 - 52 
 
 Unslacked Lime, 
 
 - 80 
 
 Coarse Salt, 
 
 - 50 
 
 Corn ill the ear, 
 
 - 70 
 
 Barley, - - - 
 
 - 48 
 
 Wheat, 
 
 - 60 
 
 Corn Meal, 
 
 - 48 
 
 Irish Potatoes, 
 
 - 60 
 
 Castor Beans, 
 
 - 46 
 
 "White Beans, 
 
 - 60 
 
 Timothy Seed, - 
 
 - 45 
 
 Clover Seed, - 
 
 - 60 
 
 Hem23 Seed, - 
 
 - 44 
 
 Onions, - - - 
 
 - 57 
 
 Malt, - - - . 
 
 - 38 
 
 Shelled Corn, 
 
 - 56 
 
 Dried Peaches, 
 
 - 33 
 
 Rye, - - - - 
 
 - 56 
 
 Oats, - - _ 
 
 - 32 
 
 Flax Seed, 
 
 - 56 
 
 Dried Apples, 
 
 - 24 
 
 Sweet Potatoes, - 
 
 - 55 
 
 Bran, - - - _ 
 
 - 20 
 
 Turnips, 
 
 - 55 
 
 Blue Grass Seed, - 
 
 - 14 
 
 Fine Salt, - 
 
 - 55 
 
 Hair (plastering). 
 
 8 
 
 Penalty for giving less than the above standard is double the amount 
 of property wrongfully not given, and ten dollars addition thereto. 
 
 MILLERS. 
 
 The owner or occupant of every public grist mill in this state shall 
 grind all grain brought to his mill in its turn. The toll for both steam 
 and water mills, is, for grinding and bolting wheats rye^ or other grain., one 
 eighth part; for grinding Indian corn, oats, barley and buckwheat not 
 required to be bolted, one seventh part; for grinding malt, and choj^jjing ?Ci[ 
 kinds of grain, one eighth part. It is the duty of every miller when his 
 mill is in repair, to aid and assist in loading and unloading all grain brought 
 to him to be ground, and he is also required to keep an accurate half 
 bushel measure, and an accurate set of toll dishes or scales for weighing 
 the grain. The penalty for neglect or refusal to comply with the law is 
 |5, to the use of any person to sue for the same, to be recovered before 
 any justice of the peace of the county where penalty is incurred. Millers 
 are accountable for the safe keeping of all grain left in his mill for the 
 purpose of being ground, with bags or casks containing same (except it 
 results from unavoidable accidents), provided that such bags or casks are 
 distinctly marked with the initial letters of the owner's name. 
 
 MARKS AND BRANDS. 
 
 Owners of cattle, horses, hogs, sheep or goats may have one ear mark 
 and one brand, but which shall be different from his neighbor's, and may 
 be recorded by the county clerk of the county in which such property is 
 kept. The fee for such record is fifteen cents. The record of such shall 
 be ope7i to examination free of charge. In cases of disputes as to marks 
 or brands, such record is prima facie evidence. Owners of cattle, horses, 
 hogs, sheep or goats that may have been branded by tile former oivner, 
 
160 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 may be re-branded in presence of one or more of his neighbors, who shall 
 certify to the facts of the marking or branding being done, when done, 
 and in what brand or mark they were re-branded or re-marked, which 
 certificate may also be recorded as before stated. 
 
 ADOPTION OF CHILDREN. 
 
 Children may be adopted by any resident of this state, by filing a 
 petition in the Circuit or County Court of the county in which he resides, 
 asking leave to do so, and if desired may ask that the name of the child 
 be changed. Such petition, if made by a person having a husband or 
 wife, will not be granted, unless the husband or wife joins therein, as the 
 adoption must be by them jointly. 
 
 The petition shall state name, sex, and age of the child, and the new 
 name, if it is desired to change the name. Also the name and residence 
 of the parents of the child, if known, and of the guardian, if any, and 
 whether the parents or guardians consent to the adoption. 
 
 The court must find, before granting decree, that the parents of the 
 child, or the survivors of them, have deserted his or her family or such 
 child for one year next preceding the application, or if neither are living, 
 the guardian ; if no guardian, the next of kin in this state capable of giving 
 consent, has had notice of the presentation of the petition and consents 
 to such adoption. If the child is of the age of fourteen years or upwards, 
 the adoption can not be made without its consent. 
 
 SURVEYORS AND SURVEYS. 
 
 There is in every county elected a surveyor known as county sur- 
 veyor, who has power to appoint deputies, for whose official acts he is 
 responsible. It is the duty of the county surveyor, either by himself or 
 his deputy, to make all surveys that he may be called upon to make within 
 his county as soon as may be after application is made. The necessary 
 chainmen and other assistance must be employed by the person requiring 
 the same to be done, and to be by him paid, unless otherwise agreed ; but 
 the chainmen must be disinterested persons and approved by the surveyor 
 and sworn by him to measure justly and impartially. 
 
 The County Board in each county is required by law to provide a copy 
 of the United States field notes and plats of their surveys of the lands 
 in the county to be kept in the recorder's office subject to examination 
 by the public, and the county surveyor is required to make his surveys 
 in conformity to said notes, plats and the laws of the United States gov- 
 erning such matters. The surveyor is also required to keep a record 
 of all surveys made by him, which shall be subject to inspection by any 
 one interested, a*nd shall be delivered up to his successor in office. A 
 
 i 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 161 
 
 certified copy of the said surveyor's record shall be prima facie evidence 
 of its contents. 
 
 The fees of county surveyors are six dollars per day. The county 
 surveyor is also ex officio inspector of mines, and as such, assisted by some 
 practical miner selected by him, shall once each year inspect all the 
 mines in the county, for which they shall each receive such compensa- 
 tion as may be fixed by the County Board, not exceeding |5 a day, to 
 be paid out of the county treasury. 
 
 ROADS AND BRIDGES. 
 
 Where practicable from the nature of the ground, persons traveling 
 in any kind of vehicle, must turn to the right of the center of the road, so 
 as to permit each carriage to pass without interfering with each other. 
 The penalty for a violation of this provision is $5 for every offense, to 
 be recovered by the party injured ; but to recover, there must have 
 occurred some injury to person or property resulting from the violation. 
 The owners of any carriage traveling upon any road in this State for the 
 conveyance of passengers who shall employ or continue in his employment 
 as driver any person who is addicted to drunkenness, or the excessive use of 
 spiritous liquors, after he has had notice of the same, shall forfeit, at the 
 rate of $5 per day, and if any driver while actually engaged in driving 
 any such carriage, shall be guilty of intoxication to such a degree as to 
 endanger the safety of passengers, it shall be the duty of the owner, on 
 receiving written notice of the fact, signed by one of the passengers, and 
 certified by him on oath, forthwith to discharge such driver. If such owner 
 shall have such driver in his employ within three months after such notice, 
 he is liable for |5 per day for the time he shall keep said driver in his 
 employment after receiving such notice. 
 
 Persons driving any carriage on any public highway are prohibited 
 from running their horses upon any occasion under a penalty of a fine not 
 exceeding $10, or imprisonment not exceeding sixty days, at the discre- 
 tion of the court. Horses attached to any carriage used to convey passen- 
 gers for hire must be properly hitched or the lines placed in the hands of 
 some other person before the driver leaves them for any purpose. For 
 violation of this provision each driver shall forfeit twenty dollars, to be 
 recovered by action, to be commenced within six months. It is under- 
 stood by the term carriage herein to mean any carriage or vehicle used 
 for the transportation of passengers or goods or either of them. 
 
 The commissioners of highways in the different towns have the care 
 and superintendence of highways and bridges therein. They have all 
 the powers necessary to lay out, vacate, regulate and repair all roads? 
 build and repair bridges. In addition to the above, it is their duty to 
 erect and keep in repair at the forks or crossing-place of the most 
 
162 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. ? 
 
 important roads post and guide boards with plain inscriptions, giving 
 directions and distances to the most noted places to which such road may 
 lead ; also to make provisions to prevent thistles, burdock, and cockle 
 burrs, mustard, yellow dock, Indian mallow and jimson weed from 
 seeding, and to extirpate the same as far as practicable, and to prevent 
 all rank growth of vegetation on the public highways so far as the same 
 may obstruct public travel, and it is in their discretion to erect watering 
 places for public use for watering teams at such points as may be deemed 
 advisable. 
 
 The Commissioners, on or before the 1st day of May of each year, 
 shall make out and deliver to their treasurer a list of all able-bodied men 
 in their town, excepting paupers, idiots, lunatics, and such others as are 
 exempt by law, and assess against each the sum of two dollars as a poll 
 tax for highway purposes. Within thirty days after such list is delivered 
 they shall cause a written or printed notice to be given to each person so 
 assessed, notifying him of the time when and place where such tax must 
 be paid, or its equivalent in labor performed ; they may contract with 
 persons owing such poll tax to perform a certain amount of labor on any 
 road or bridge in payment of the same, and if such tax is not paid nor 
 labor performed by the first Monday of July of such year, or within ten 
 days after notice is given after that time, they shall bring suit therefor 
 against such person before a justice of the peace, who shall hear and 
 determine the case according to law for the offense complained of, and 
 shall forthwith issue an execution, directed to any constable of the county 
 where the delinquent shall reside,, who shall forthwith collect the moneys 
 therein mentioned. 
 
 The Commissioners of Highways of each town shall annually ascer- 
 tain, as near as practicable, how much money must be raised by tax on real 
 and personal property for the making and repairing of roads, only, to any 
 amount they may deem necessary, not exceeding forty cents on each one 
 hundred dollars' worth, as valued on the assessment roll of the previous 
 year. The tax so levied on property lying within an incorporated village, 
 town or city, shall be paid over to the corporate authorities of such town, 
 village or city. Commissioners shall receive $1.50 for each day neces- 
 sarily employed in the discharge of their duty. 
 
 Overseers. At the first meeting the Commissioners shall choose one 
 of their number to act General Overseer of Highways in their township, 
 whose duty it shall be to take charge of and safely keep all tools, imple- 
 ments and machinery belonging to said town, and shall, by the direction 
 of the Board, have general supervision of all roads and bridges in their 
 town. 
 
ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 163 
 
 As all township and county officers are familiar with their duties, it 
 is only intended to give the points of the law that the public should be 
 familiar with. The manner of laying out, altering or vacating roads, etc., 
 will not be here stated, as it would require more space than is contem- 
 plated in a work of this kind. It is sufficient to state that, the first step 
 is by petition, addressed to the Commissioners, setting out what is prayed 
 for, giving .the names of the owners of lands if known, if not known so 
 state, over which the road is to pass, giving the general course, its place 
 of beginning, and where it terminates. It requires not less than twelve 
 freeholders residing within three miles of the road who shall sign the 
 petition. Public roads must not be less than fifty feet wide, nor more 
 than sixty feet wide. Roads not exceeding two miles in length, if peti- 
 tioned for, may be laid out, not less than forty feet. Private roads 
 for private and public use, may be laid out of the width of three rods, on 
 petition of the person directly interested ; the damage occasioned thereby 
 shall be paid by the premises benefited thereby, and before the road is 
 opened. If not opened in two years, the order shall be considered 
 rescinded. Commissioners in their discretion may permit persons who 
 live on or have private roads, to work out their road tax thereon. Public 
 roads must be opened in five days from date of filing order of location, 
 or be deemed vacated. 
 
 DRAINAGE. 
 
 Whenever one or more owners or occupants of land desire to construct 
 a drain or ditch across the land of others for agricultural^ sanitary or 
 mining purposes^ the proceedings are as follows : 
 
 File a petition in the Circuit or County Court of the county in which 
 the proposed ditch or drain is to be constructed, setting forth the neces- 
 sity for the same, with a description of its proposed starting point, route 
 and terminus, and if it shall be necessary for the drainage of the land or 
 coal mines or for sanitary purposes, that a drain, ditch, levee or similar 
 work be constructed, a description of the same. It shall also set forth 
 the names of all persons owning the land over which such drain or ditch 
 shall be constructed, or if unknown stating that fact. 
 
 No private property shall be taken or damaged for the purpose of 
 constructing a ditch, drain or levee, without compensation, if claimed by 
 the owner, the same to be ascertained by a jury ; but if the construction 
 of such ditch, drain or levee shall be a benefit to the owner, the same 
 shall be a set off against such compensation. 
 
 If the proceedings seek to affect the property of a minor, lunatic or 
 married woman, the guardian, conservator or husband of the same shall 
 be made party defendant. The petition may be amended and parties 
 made defendants at any time when it is necessary to a fair trial. 
 
164 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 When the petition is presented to the judge, he shall note therein 
 when he will hear the same, and order the issuance of summonses and 
 the publication of notice to each non-resident or unknown defendant. 
 
 The petition may be heard by such judge in vacation as well as in 
 term time. Upon the trial, the jury shall ascertain the just compensation 
 to each owner of the property sought to be damaged by the construction 
 of such ditch, drain or levee, and truly report the same. 
 
 As it is only contemplated in a work of this kind to give an abstract 
 of the laws, and as the parties who have in charge the execution of the 
 further proceedings are likely to be familiar with the requirements of the 
 statute, the necessary details are not here inserted. 
 
 WOLF SCALPS. 
 
 The County Board of any county in this State may hereafter alluw 
 such bounty on wolf scalps as the board may deem reasonable. 
 
 Any person claiming a bounty shall produce the scalp or scalps with 
 the ears thereon, within sixty days after the wolf or wolves shall have 
 been caught, to the Clerk of the County Board, who shall administer to 
 said person the following oath or affirmation, to- wit : " You do solemnly 
 swear (or affirm, as the case may be), that the scalp or scalps here pro- 
 duced by you was taken from a wolf or wolves killed and first captured 
 by yourself within the limits of this county, and within the sixty days 
 last past." 
 
 CONVEYANCES. 
 
 "When the reversion expectant on a lease of any tenements or here- 
 ditaments of any tenure shall be surrendered or merged, the estate which 
 shall for the time being confer as against the tenant under the same lease 
 the next vested right to the same tenements or hereditaments, shall, to 
 the extent and for the purpose of preserving such incidents to and obli- 
 gations on the same reversion, as but for the surrender or merger thereof, 
 would have subsisted, be deemed the reversion expectant on the same 
 lease. 
 
 PAUPERS. 
 
 Every poor person who shall be unable to earn a livelihood in conse- 
 quence o± any hodily iyijirmity^ idiocy, lunacy or unavoidable cause, shall 
 be supported by the father, grand-father, mother, grand-mother, children, 
 grand-children, brothers or sisters of such poor person, if they or either 
 of them be of sufficient ability ; but if any of such dependent class shall 
 have become so from intemperance or other had conduct, they shall not be 
 entitled to support from any relation except parent or child. 
 
^(^H-n^. / 
 
 ROCKFORD 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 167 
 
 The children shall first be called on to support their parents, if they 
 are able ; but if not, the parents of such poor person shall then be called 
 on, if of sufficient ability ; and if there be no parents or cliildren able, 
 then the brothers and sisters of such dependent person shall be called 
 upon ; and if there be no brothers or sisters of sufficient ability, the 
 grand-children of such person shall next be called on ; and if they are 
 not able, then the grand-parents. Married females, while their husbands 
 live, shall not be liable to contribute for the support of their poor relations 
 except out of their separate property. It is the duty of the state's 
 (county) attorney, to make complaint to the County Court of his county 
 against all the relatives of such paupers in this state liable to his support 
 and prosecute the same. In case the state's attorney neglects, or refuses, to 
 complain in such cases, then it is the duty of the overseer of the poor to 
 do so. The person called upon to contribute shall have at least ten days' 
 notice of such application by summons. The court has the power to 
 determine the kind of support, depending upon the circumstances of the 
 parties, and may also order two or more of the different degrees to main- 
 tain such poor person, and prescribe the proportion of each, according to 
 their ability. The court may specify the time for which the relative shall 
 contribute — in fact has control over the entire subject matter, with power 
 to enforce its orders. Every county (except those in which the poor are 
 supported by the towns, and in such cases the towns are liable) is required 
 to relieve and support all poor and indigent persons lawfully resident 
 therein. Residence means the actual residence of the party, or the place 
 where he was employed ; or in case he was in no employment, then it 
 shall be the place where he made his home. When any person becomes 
 chargeable as a pauper in any county or town who did not reside at the 
 commencement of six months immediately preceding his becoming so, 
 but did at that time reside in some other county or town in this state, 
 then the county or town, as the case may be, becomes liable for the expense 
 of taking care of such person until removed, and it is the duty of the 
 overseer to notify the proper authorities of the fact. If any person shall 
 bring and leave any pauper in any county in this state where such pauper 
 had no legal residence, knowing him to be such, he is liable to a fine of 
 $100. In counties under township organization, the supervisors in each 
 town are ex-officio overseers of the poor. The overseers of the poor act 
 under the directions of the County Board in taking care of the poor and 
 granting of temporary relief; also, providing for non-resident persons not 
 paupers who may be taken sick and not able to pay their way, and in case 
 of death cause such person to be decently buried. 
 
 The residence of the inmates of poorhouses and other charitable 
 institutions for voting purposes is their former place of abode. 
 
( 
 > 
 
 168 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 'i 
 
 FENCES. ' 
 
 In counties under township organization, the town assessor and com- 
 missioner of highways are the fence-viewers in their respective towns. 
 In other counties the County Board appoints three in each precinct annu- 
 ally. A lawful fence is four and one-half feet high, in good repair, con- 
 sisting of rails, timber, boards, stone, hedges, or whatever the fence- 
 viewers of the town or precinct where the same shall lie, shall consider 
 equivalent thereto, but in counties under township organization the annual 
 town meeting may establish any other kind of fence as such, or the County 
 Board in other counties may do the same. Division fences shall be made 
 and maintained in just proportion by the adjoining owners, except when 
 the owner shall choose to let his land lie open, but after a division fence is 
 built by agreement or otherwise, neither party can remove his part of such 
 fence so long as he may crop or use such land for farm purposes, or without 
 giving the other party one year's notice in writing of his intention to remove 
 his portion. When any person shall enclose his land upon the enclosure 
 of another, he shall refund the owner of the adjoining lands a just pro- 
 portion of the value at that time of such fence. The value of fence and 
 the just proportion to be paid or built and maintained by each is to be 
 ascertained by two fence-viewers in the town or precinct. Such fence- 
 viewers have power to settle all disputes between different owners as to 
 fences built or to be built, as well as to repairs to be made. Each party 
 chooses one of the viewers, but if the other party neglects, after eight 
 days' notice in writing, to make his choice, then the other party may 
 select both. It is sufficient to notify the tenant or party in possession, 
 when the owner is not a resident of the town or precinct. The two 
 fence-viewers chosen, after viewing the premises, shall hear the state- 
 ments of the parties , in case they can't agree, they shall select another 
 fence-viewer to act with them, and the decision of any two of them is 
 j&nal. The decision must be reduced to writing, and should plainly set 
 out description of fence and all matters settled by them, and must be 
 j&led in the office of the town clerk in counties under township organiza- 
 tion, and in other counties with the county clerk. 
 
 Where any person is liable to contribute to the erection or the 
 repairing of a division fence, neglects or refuses so to do, the party 
 injured, after giving sixty days notice in writing when a fence is to be 
 erected, or ten days when it is only repairs, may proceed to have the 
 work done at the expense of the party whose duty it is to do it, to be 
 recovered from him with costs of suit, and the party so neglecting shall 
 also be liable to the party injured for all damages accruing from such 
 neglect or refusal, to be determined by any two fence-viewers selected 
 as before provided, the appraisement to be reduced to writing and signed. 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 169 
 
 Where a person shall conclude to remove his part of a division fence, 
 and let his land lie open, and having given the year's notice required, the 
 adjoining owner may cause the value of said fence to be ascertained by 
 fence-viewers as before provided, and on payment or tender of the 
 amount of such valuation to the owner, it shall prevent the removal. A 
 party removing a division fence without notice is liable for the damages 
 accruing thereby. 
 
 Where a fence has been built on the land of another through mis- 
 take, the owner may enter upon such premises and remove his fence and 
 material within six months after the division line has been ascertained. 
 Where the material to build such a fence has been taken from the land 
 on which it was built, then before it can be removed, the person claiming 
 must first pay for such material to the owner of the land from which it 
 was taken, nor shall such a fence be removed at a time when the removal 
 will throw open or expose the crops of the other party ; a reasonable 
 time must be given beyond the .six months to remove crops. 
 
 The compensation of fence-viewers is one dollar and fifty cents a 
 
 day each, to be paid in the first instance by the party calling them, but 
 
 in the end all expenses, including amount charged by the fence-viewers, 
 
 ? must be paid equally b}'- the parties, except in cases where a party neglects 
 
 ■ or refuses to make or maintain a just proportion of a division fence, when 
 1 the party in default shall pay them. 
 
 DAMAGES FROM TRESPASS. 
 
 Where stock of any kind breaks into any person's enclosure, the 
 
 fence being good and sufficient^ the owner is liable for the damage done ; 
 
 but where the damage is done by stock running at large^ contrary to law, 
 
 the owner is liable where there is not such a fence. Where stock is 
 
 • found trespassing on the enclosure of another as aforesaid, the owner oi 
 
 ' occupier of the premises may take possession of such stock and keep the 
 
 ' same until damages, with reasonable charges for keeping and feeding and 
 
 ' all costs of suit, are paid. Any person taking or rescuing such stock so 
 
 ' held without his consent, shall be liable to a fine of not less than three 
 
 \ nor more than five dollars for each animal rescued, to be recovered by 
 
 ■ suit before a justice of the peace for the use of the school fund. Within 
 \ twenty-four hours after taking such animal into his possession, the per- 
 j son taking it up must give notice of the fact to the owner, if known, or 
 
 if unknown, notices must be posted in some public place near the premises. 
 
 LANDLORD AND TENANT. 
 
 The owner of lands, or his legal representatives, can sue for and 
 recover rent therefor, in any of the following cases : 
 
 First. When rent is due and in arrears on a lease for life or lives. 
 5 
 
170 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 Second. When lands are held and occupied by any person without 
 any special agreement for rent* 
 
 Third. When possession is obtained under an agreement, written 
 or verbal, for the purchase of the premises and before deed given, the 
 right to possession is terminated by forfeiture on con-compliance with the 
 agreement, and possession is wrongfully refused or neglected to be given 
 upon demand made in writing by the party entitled thereto. Provided 
 that all payments made hy the vendee or his representatives or assigns, 
 may be set off against the rent. 
 
 Fourth. When land has been sold upon a judgment or a decree of 
 court, when the party to such judgment or decree, or person holding under 
 him, wrongfully refuses, or neglects, to surrender possession of the same, 
 after demand in writing by the person entitled to the possession. 
 
 Fifth. When the lands have been sold upon a mortgage or trust 
 deed, and the mortgagor or grantor or person holding under him, wrong- 
 fully refuses or neglects to surrender possession of the same, after demand 
 in writing by the person entitled to the possession. 
 
 If any tenant, or any person who shall come into possession from or 
 under or by collusion with such tenant, shall willfully hold over any lands, 
 etc., after the expiration the term of their lease, and after demand made 
 in writing for the possession thereof, is liable to pay double rent. A 
 tenancy from year to year requires sixty days notice in writing, to termi- 
 nate the same at the end of the year ; such notice can be given at any 
 time within four months preceding the last sixty days of the year. 
 
 A tenancy by the month, or less than a year, where the tenant holds 
 over without any special agreement, the landlord may terminate the 
 tenancy, by thirty days notice in writing. 
 
 When rent is due, the landlord may serve a notice upon the tenant, 
 stating that unless the rent is paid within not less than five days, his lease 
 will be terminated ; if the rent is not paid, the landlord may consider the 
 lease ended. When default is made in any of the terms of a lease, it 
 shall not be necessary to give more than ten days notice to quit or of the 
 termination of such tenancy ; and the same may be terminated on giving 
 such notice to quit, at any time after such default in any of the terms of 
 such lease ; which notice may be substantially in the following form, viz: 
 
 To , You are hereby notified that, in consequence of your default 
 
 in (^here insert the character of the default), of the premises now occupied 
 by you, being etc. (here describe the premises), I have elected to deter- 
 mine your lease, and you are hereby notified to quit and deliver up pos- 
 session of the same to me within ten days of this date (dated, etc.) 
 
 The above to be signed by the lessor or his agent, and no other notice 
 or demand of possession or termination of such tenancy is necessary. 
 
 Demand may be made, or notice served, by delivering a written or 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 171 
 
 printed, or partly either, copy thereof to the tenant, or leaving the same 
 with some person above the age of twelve years residing on or in posses- 
 sion of the premises ; and in case no one is in the actual possession- of the 
 said premises, then by posting the same on the premises. When the 
 tenancy is for a certain time, and the term expires by the terms of the 
 lease, the tenant is then bound to surrender possession, and no notice 
 to quit or demand of possession is necessary. 
 
 distress for rent. — In all cases of distress for rent, the landlord, by 
 himself, his agent or attorney, may seize for rent any personal property of 
 his tenant that may be found in the county where the tenant resides ; the 
 property of any other person, even if found on the premises, is not 
 liable. 
 
 An inventory of the property levied upon, with a statement of the 
 
 amount of rent claimed, should be at once filed with some justice of the 
 
 . peace, if not over $200 ; and if above that sum, with the clerk of a court 
 
 J of record of competent jurisdiction. Property may be released, by the 
 
 party executing a satisfactory bond for double the amount. 
 
 The landlord may distrain for rent, any time within six months after 
 '. the expiration of the term of the lease, or when terminated. 
 ^ In all cases where the premises rented shall be sub-let, or the lease 
 
 i assigned, the landlord shall have the same right to enforce lien against 
 , such lessee or assignee, that he has against the tenant to whom the pre- 
 i mises were rented. 
 
 When a tenant abandons or removes from the premises or any part 
 \ thereof, the landlord, or his agent or attorney, may seize upon any grain 
 '! or other crops grown or growing upon the premises, or part thereof so 
 ' abandoned, whether the rent is due or not. If such grain, or other crops, 
 i^ or any part thereof, is not fully grown or matured, the landlord, or his 
 i agent or attorney, shall cause the same to be properly cultivated, harvested 
 I or gathered, and may sell the same, and from the proceeds pay all his 
 i labor, expenses and rent. The tenant may, before the sale of such pro- 
 i perty, redeem the same by tendering the rent and reasonable compensation 
 \ for work done, or he may replevy the same. 
 
 L Exemption. — The same articles of personal property which are by law 
 
 l" exempt from execution, except the crops as above stated, is also exempt 
 I from distress for rent. 
 
 |!J If any tenant is about to or shall permit or attempt to sell and 
 
 remove from the premises, without the consent of his landlord, such 
 portion of the crops raised thereon as will endanger the lien of the land- 
 lord upon such crops, for the rent, it shall be lawful for the landlord to 
 distress before rent is due. 
 
172 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 LIENS. 
 
 Any person who shall by contract, express or implied, or partly both, 
 with the owner of any lot or tract of land, furnish labor or material, or 
 services as an architect or superintendent, in building, altering, repairing 
 or ornamenting any house or other building or appurtenance thereto on 
 such lot, or upon any street or alley, and connected with such improve- 
 ments, shall have a lien upon the whole of such lot or tract of land, and 
 upon such house or building and appurtenances, for the amount due to 
 him for such labor, material or services. If the contract is expressed, and 
 the time for the completion of the work is beyond three years from the com- 
 mencement thereof; or, if the time of payment is beyond one year from 
 the time stipulated for the completion of the work, then no lien exists. 
 If the contract is implied, then no lien exists, unless the work be done or 
 material is furnished within one year from the commencement of the work 
 or delivery of the materials. As between different creditors having liens, 
 no preference is given to the one whose contract was first made ; but each 
 shares pro-rata. Incumbrances existing on the lot or tract of the land at 
 the time the contract is made, do not operate on the improvements, and 
 are only preferred to the extent of the value of the land at the time of 
 making the contract. The above lien can not be enforced unless suit is 
 comme7iced within six months after the last payment for labor or materials 
 shall have become due and payable. Sul)-contractors, mechanics, workmen 
 and other persons furnishing any material, or performing any labor for a 
 contractor as before specified, have a lien to the extent of the amount due 
 the contractor at the time the following notice is served upon the owner 
 of the land who made the contract: 
 
 To , You are hereby notified, that I have been employed by- 
 
 (here state whether to labor or furnish material, and substantially the 
 nature of the demand) upon your (here state in general terras description 
 and situation of building), and that I shall hold the (building, or as the 
 case may be), and your interest in the ground, liable for the amount that 
 
 may (is or may become) due me on account thereof. Signature, 
 
 Date, 
 
 If there is a contract in writing between contractor and sub-contractor, 
 a copy of it should be served with above notice, and said notice must be 
 served wi hin forty days from the completion of such sub-contract, if there 
 is one ; if not, then from the time payment should have been made to the 
 person performing the labor or furnishing the material. If the owner is 
 not a resident of the county, or can not be found therein, theu the above 
 notice must be filed with the clerk of the Circuit Court, with his fee, fiftv 
 cents, and a copy of said notice must be published in a newspaper pub- 
 lished in the county, for four successive weeks. 
 
ABSTBACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 173 
 
 When the owner or agent is notified as above, he can retain any 
 money due the contractor sufficient to pay such claim ; if more than one 
 claim, and not enough to pay all, they are to be paid pro rata. 
 
 The owner has the right to demand in writing, a statement of the 
 contractor, of what he owes for labor, etc., from time to time as the work 
 progresses, and on his failure to comply, forfeits to the owner $50 for 
 every offense. 
 
 The liens referred to cover any and all estates, whether in fee for 
 life, for years, or any other interest which the owner may have. 
 
 To enforce the lien of sub-contractors^ suit must be commenced within 
 three months from the time of the performance of the sub-contract, or 
 during the work or furnishing materials. 
 
 Hotels inn and hoarding-house keepers^ have a lien upon the baggage 
 and other valuables of their guests or boarders, brought into such hotel, 
 inn or boarding-house, by their guests or boarders, for the proper charges 
 due from such guests or boarders for their accommodation, board and 
 lodgings, and such extras as ar6 furnished at their request. 
 
 Stable-keepers and other persons have a lien upon the horses, car- 
 riages and harness kept by them, for the proper charges due for the keep- 
 ing thereof and expenses bestowed thereon at the request of the owner 
 or the person having the possession of the same. 
 
 Agisters (persons who take care of cattle belonging to others), and 
 persons keeping, yarding, feeding or pasturing domestic animals, shall 
 have a lien upon the animals agistered, kept, yarded or fed, for the proper 
 charges due for such service. 
 
 All persons who may furnish any railroad corporation in this state 
 with fuel, ties, material, supplies or any other article or thing necessary 
 for the construction, maintenance, operation or repair of its road by con- 
 tract, or may perform work or labor on the same, is entitled to be paid as 
 part of the current expenses of the road, and have a lien upon all its pro- 
 perty. Sub-contractors or laborers have also a lien. The conditions and 
 limitations both as to contractors and sub-contractors, are about the same 
 as herein stated as to general liens. 
 
 DEFINITION OF COMMERCIAL TERMS. 
 
 $ means dollars^ being a contraction of U. S., which was formerly 
 
 placed before any denomination of money, and meant, as it means now, 
 United States Currency. 
 
 X means pounds, English money. 
 
 @ stands for at or to. lb for pound, and bbl. for barrel ; '^ for per or 
 hy the. Thus, Butter sells at 20@30c f lb, and Flour at $8@12 f bbl. 
 
 % for per cent and # for number. 
 
 May 1. — Wheat sells at $1.20@1.25, "seller June." Seller June 
 
174 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 means that the person who sells the wheat has the privilege of delivering 
 it at any time during the month of June. 
 
 Selling shorty is contracting to deliver a certain amount of grain or 
 'stock, at a fixed price, within a certain length of time, when the seller 
 has not the stock on hand. It is for the interest of the person selling 
 "short," to depress the market as much as possible, in order that he may 
 buy and fill his contract at a profit. Hence the " shorts " are termed 
 "bears." 
 
 Buying long^ is to contract to purchase a certain amount of grain or 
 shares of stock at a fixed price, deliverable within a stipulated time, 
 expecting to make a profit by the rise of prices. The "longs" are 
 termed "bulls," as it is for their interest to "operate" so as to "toss" 
 the prices upward as much as possible. 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 Form of note is legal, worded in the simplest way, so that the 
 amount and time of payment are mentioned. 
 
 $100. Chicago, III., Sept. 15, 1876. 
 
 Sixty days from date I promise to pay to E. F. Brown, 
 or order. One Hundred dollars, for value received. 
 
 L. D. LowEY. 
 
 A note to be payable in any thing else than money needs only the 
 facts substituted for money in the above form. 
 
 ORDERS. 
 
 Orders should be worded simply, thus : 
 
 Mr. F. H. Coats: Chicago, Sept. 15, 1876. 
 
 Please pay to H. Birdsall, Twenty-five dollars, and charge to 
 
 F. D. SiLVA. 
 
 RECE5PTS. 
 
 Receipts should always state when received and what for, thus : 
 
 $100. Chicago, Sept. 15, 1876. 
 
 Received of J. W. Davis, One Hundred dollars, for services 
 rendered in grading his lot in Fort Madison, on account. 
 
 Thomas Brady. 
 
 If receipt is in full it should be so stated. 
 
 BILLS OF PURCHASE. 
 
 W. N. Mason, Salem, Illinois, Sept. 15, 1876. 
 
 Bought of A. A. Graham. 
 
 4 Bushels of Seed Wheat, at $1.50 - - - - $6.00 
 
 2 Seamless Sacks " .30 - - .60 
 
 Received payment, $6.60 
 
 A. A. Graham, 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILlLTNOIS STATE LAWS. ^"^^ 
 
 ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT. 
 
 An agreement is where one party promises to another to do a certain 
 thing in a certain time for a stipulated sum. Good business men always 
 reduce an agreement to writing, which nearly always saves misunder- 
 standings and trouble. No particular form is necessary, but the facts must 
 be clearly and explicitly stated, and there must, to make it valid, be a 
 reasonable consideration. 
 
 GENERAL FORM OF AGREEMENT. 
 
 This Agreement, made the Second day of October, 1876, between 
 John Jones, of Aurora, County of Kane, State of Illinois, of the first part, 
 and Thomas Whiteside, of the same place, of the second part — 
 
 WITNESSETH, that the said John Jones, in consideration of the agree- 
 ment of the party of the second part, hereinafter contained, contracts and 
 agrees to and with the said Thomas Whiteside, that he will deliver, in 
 good and marketable condition, at the Village of Batavia, 111., during the 
 month of November, of this year. One Hundred Tons of Prairie Hay, in 
 the following lots, and at the following specified times ; namely, twenty- 
 five tons by the seventh of November, twenty-five tons additional by the 
 fourteenth of the month, twenty-five tons more by the twenty-first, and 
 the entire one hundred tons to be all delivered by the thirtieth of 
 November. 
 
 And the said Thomas Whiteside, in consideration of the prompt 
 fulfillment of this contract, on the part of the party of the first part, 
 contracts to and agrees with the said John Jones, to pay for said hay five 
 dollars per ton, for each ton as soon as delivered. 
 
 In case of failure of agreement by either of the parties hereto, it is 
 hereby stipulated and agreed that the party so failing shall pay to the 
 other. One Hundred Dollars, as fixed and settled damages. 
 
 In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands the day and 
 year first above written. John Jones, 
 
 Thomas Whiteside. 
 
 AGREEMENT WITH CLERK FOR SERVICES. 
 
 This Agreement, made the first day of May, one thousand eight 
 hundred and seventy-six, between Reuben Stone, of Chicago, County 
 of Cook, State of Illinois, party of the first part, and George Barclay, of 
 Englewood, County of Cook, State of Illinois, party of the second part — 
 
 WITNESSETH, that said George Barclay agrees faithfully and dili- 
 gently to work as clerk and salesman for the said Reuben Stone, for 
 and during the space of one year from the date hereof, should both 
 live such length of time, without absenting himself from his occupation ; 
 
176 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 during which time he, the said Barclay, in the store of said Stone, of 
 Chicago, will carefully and honestly attend, doing and performing all 
 duties as clerk and salesman aforesaid, in accordance and in all respects 
 as directed and desired by the said Stone. 
 
 In consideration of which services, so to be rendered by the said 
 Barclay, the said Stone agrees to pay to said Barclay the annual sum of 
 one thousand dollars, payable in twelve equal monthly payments, each 
 upon the last day of each month ; provided that all dues for days of 
 absence from business by said Barclay, shall be deducted from the sum 
 otherwise by the agreement due and payable by the said Stone to the said 
 Barclay. 
 
 Witness our hands. Reuben Stone. 
 
 Geobge Barclay. 
 
 BILLS OF SALE. 
 
 A bill of sale is a written agreement to another party, for a consider- 
 ation to convey his right and interest in the personal property. The 
 purchaser must take actual possession of the property. Juries have 
 power to determine upon the fairness or unfairness of a bill of sale. 
 
 COMMON FORM OF BILL OF SALE. 
 
 Know all Men by this instrument, that I, Louis Clay, of Princeton, 
 Illinois, of the first part, for and in consideration of Five Hundred 
 and Ten dollars, to me paid by John Floyd, of the same place, of the 
 second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have sold, and 
 by this instrument do convey unto the said Floyd, party of the second 
 part, his executors, administrators, and assigns, my undivided half of 
 ten acres of corn, now growing on the farm of Thomas Tyrrell, in the 
 town above mentioned ; one pair of horses, sixteen sheep, and five cows, 
 belonging to me, and in my possession at the farm aforesaid ; to have and 
 to hold the same unto the party of the second part, his executors and 
 assigns, forever. And I do, for myself and legal representatives, agree 
 with the said party of the second part, and his legal representatives, to 
 warrant and defend the sale of the afore-mentioned property and chattels 
 unto the said party of the second part, and his legal representatives, 
 against all and every person whatsoever. 
 
 In witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my hand, this tenth day 
 of October, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six. 
 
 Louis Clay. 
 
 BONDS. 
 
 A bond is a written admission on the part of the maker in which he 
 pledges a certain sum to another, at a certain time. 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 177 
 
 COMMON FORM OF BOND. 
 
 Know all Men by this instrument, that I, George Edgerton, of 
 Watseka, IrocLUois County, State of Illinois, am firmly bound unto Peter 
 Kirchoff, of the place aforesaid, in the sum of five hundred dollars, to be 
 paid to the said Peter Kirchoff, or his legal representatives ; to which 
 payment, to be made, I bind myself, or my legal representatives, by this 
 instrument. 
 
 Sealed with my seal, and dated this second day of November, one 
 thousand eight hundred and sixty-four. 
 
 The condition of this bond is such that if I, George Edgerton, my 
 heirs, administrators, or executors, shall promptly pay the sum of two 
 hundred and fifty dollars in three equal annual payments from the date 
 hereof, with annual interest, then the above obligation to be of no effect ; 
 .otherwise to be in full force and valid. 
 Sealed and delivered in 
 
 presence of George Edgerton. [l.s.] 
 
 William Turner. 
 
 CHATTEL MORTGAGES. 
 
 A chattel mortgage is a mortgage on personal property for payment 
 of a certain sum of money, to hold the property against debts of other 
 creditors. The mortgage must describe the property, and must be 
 acknowledged before a justice of the peace in the township or precinct 
 where the mortgagee resides, and entered upon his docket, and must be 
 recorded in the recorder's oflSce of the county. 
 
 GENERAL FORM OF CHATTEL MORTGAGE. 
 
 This Indenture, made and entered into this first day of January, 
 in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, 
 between Theodore Lottinville, of the town of Geneseo in the County 
 of Henry, and State of Illinois, party of the first part, and Paul Henshaw, 
 of the same town, county, and State, party of the second part. 
 
 Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in consider- 
 ation of the sum of one thousand dollars, in hand paid, the receipt whereof 
 is hereby acknowledged, does hereby grant, sell, convey, and confirm unto 
 the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns forever, all and 
 singular the following described goods and chattels, to wit : • 
 
 Two three-year old roan-colored horses, one Burdett organ. No. 987, 
 one Brussels carpet, 15x20 feet in size, one marble-top center table, one 
 Home Comfort cooking stove, No. 8, one black walnut bureau with mirror 
 attached, one set of parlor chairs (six in number), upholstered in green 
 rep, with lounge corresponding with same in style and color of upholstery, 
 now in possession of said Lottinville, at No. 4 Prairie Ave., Geneseo, 111. ; 
 
178 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 Together with all and singular, the appurtenances thereunto belong- 
 ing, or in any wise appertaining ; to have and to hold the above described 
 goods and chattels, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and 
 assigns, forever. 
 
 Provided, always, and these presents are upon this express condition, 
 that if the said Theodore Lottinville, his heirs, executors, administrators, 
 or assigns, shall, on or before the first day of January, A.D., one thousand 
 eight hundred and seventy-six, pay, or cause to be paid, to the said Paul 
 Ranslow, or his lawful attorney or attorneys, heirs, executors, adminis- 
 trators, or assigns, the sum of One Thousand dollars, together with the 
 interest that may accrue thereon, at the rate of ten per cent, per annum, 
 from the first day of January, A.D. one thousand eight hundred and 
 seventy-five, until paid, according to the tenor of one promissory note 
 bearing even date herewith for the payment of said sum of money, that 
 then and from thenceforth, these presents, and everything herein con- 
 tained, shall cease, and be null and void, anything herein contained to the 
 contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 Provided, also, that the said Theodore Lottinville may retain the 
 possession of and have the use of said goods and chattels until the day 
 of payment aforesaid ; and also, at his own expense, shall keep said goods 
 and chattels; and also at the expiration of said time of payment, if said 
 sum of money, together with the interest as aforesaid, shall not be paid, 
 shall deliver up said goods and chattels, in good condition, to said Paul 
 Ranslow, or his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns. 
 
 And provided, also, that if default in payment as aforesaid, by said 
 party of the first part, shall be made, or if said party of the second part 
 shall at any time before said promissory note becomes due, feel himself 
 unsafe or insecure, that then the said party of the second part, or his 
 attorney, agent, assigns, or heirs, executors, or administrators, shall have 
 the right to take possession of said goods and chattels, wherever they 
 may or can be found, and sell the same at public or private sale, to the 
 highest bidder for cash in hand, after giving ten days' notice of the time 
 and place of said sale, together with a description of the goods and chat- 
 tels to be sold, by at least four advertisements, posted up in public places 
 in the vicinity where said sale is to take place, and proceed to make the 
 sum of money and interest promised as aforesaid, together with all reason- 
 able costs, charges, and expenses in so doing ; and if there shall be any 
 overplus, shall pay the same without delay to the said party of the first 
 part, or his legal representatives. 
 
 In testimony whereof, the said party of the first part has hereunto 
 set his hand and affixed his seal, the day and year first above written. 
 Signed, sealed and delivered in * 
 
 presence of Theodore Lottinville. [l.s.] 
 
 Samuel J. Tildbn. 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 179 
 
 LEASE OF FARM AND BUILDINGS THEREON. 
 
 This Indenture, made this second day of June, 1875, between David 
 Patton of the Town of Bisbee, State of Illinois, of the first part, and John 
 Doyle of the same place, of the second part, 
 
 Witnesseth, that the said David Patton, for and in consideration of 
 the covenants hereinafter mentioned and reserved, on the part of the said 
 John Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, to be paid, kept, 
 and performed, hath let, and by these presents doth grant, demise, and 
 let, unto the said John Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, 
 all that parcel of land situate in Bisbee aforesaid, bounded and described 
 as follows, to wit : 
 
 [^Sere describe the land.~\ 
 
 Together with all the appurtenances appertaining thereto. To have 
 and to hold the said premises, with appurtenances thereto belonging, unto 
 the said Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, for the term of 
 five years, from the first day of October next following, at a yearly rent 
 of Six Hundred dollars, to be paid in equal payments, semi-annually, as 
 long as said buildings are in good tenantable condition. 
 
 And the said Doyle, by these presents, covenants and agrees to pay 
 all taxes and assessments, and keep in repair all hedges, ditches, rail, and 
 other fences ; (the said David Patton, his heirs, assigns and administra- 
 tors, to furnish all timber, brick, tile, and other materials necessary for 
 such repairs.) 
 
 Said Doyle further covenants and agrees to apply to said land, in a 
 farmer-like manner, all manure and compost accumulating upon said 
 farm, and cultivate all the arable land in a husbandlike manner, accord- 
 ing to the usual custom among farmers in the neighborhood ; he also 
 agrees to trim the hedges at a seasonable time, preventing injury from 
 cattle to such hedges, and to all fruit and other trees on the said premises. 
 That he will seed down with clover and timothy seed twenty acres yearly 
 of arable land, ploughing the same number of acres each Spring of land 
 now in grass, and hitherto unbroken. 
 
 It is' further agreed, that if the said Doyle shall fail to perform the 
 whole or any one of the above mentioned covenants, then and in that 
 case the said David Patton may declare this lease terminated, by giving 
 three months' notice of the same, prior to the first of October of any 
 year, and may distrain any part of the stock, goods, or chattels, or other 
 property in possession of said Doyle, for sufficient to compensate for the 
 non-performance of the above written covenants, the same to be deter- 
 mined, and amounts so to be paid to be determined, by three arbitrators, 
 chosen as follows : Each of the parties to this instrument to choose one, 
 
180 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. ' 
 
 and the two so chosen to select a third ; the decision of said arbitrators 
 to be final. 
 
 In witness whereof, we have hereto set our hands and seals. 
 Signed, sealed, and delivered 
 
 in presence of David Patton. [l.s.] 
 
 James Waldron. John Doyle. [l.s.] 
 
 FORM OF LEASE OF A HOUSE. 
 
 This Instrument, made the first day of October, 1875, witnesseth 
 that Amos Griest of Yorkville, County of Kendall, State of Illinois, hath 
 rented from Aaron Young of Logansport aforesaid, the dwelling and lot 
 No. 13 Ohio Street, situated in said City of Yorkville, for five years 
 from the above date, at the yearly rental of Three Hundred dollars, pay- 
 able monthly, 6n the first day of each month, in advance, at the residence 
 of said Aaron Young. 
 
 At the expiration of said above mentioned term, the said Griest 
 agrees to give the said Young peaceable possession of the said dwelling, 
 in as good condition as when taken, ordinary wear and casualties excepted. 
 
 In witness whereof, we place our hands and seals the day and year 
 aforesaid. 
 
 Signed, sealed and delivered Amos Griest. [l.s.] 
 
 in presence of 
 
 NiCKOLAS SCHUTZ, AaRON YoUNG. [L.S.] 
 
 Notary Public. 
 
 LANDLORD'S AGREEMENT. 
 
 This certifies that I have let and rented, this first day of January, 
 1876, unto Jacob Schmidt, my house and lot. No. 15 Erie Street, in the 
 City of Chicago, State of Illinois, and its appurtenances ; he to have the 
 free and uninterrupted occupation thereof for one year from this date, at 
 the yearly rental of Two Hundred dollars, to be paid monthly in advance ; 
 rent to cease if destroyed by fire, or otherwise made untenantable. 
 
 Peter Funk. 
 TENANT'S AGREEMENT. 
 
 This certifies that I have hired and taken from Peter Funk, his 
 house and lot, No. 15 Erie Street, in the City of Chicago, State of Illi- 
 nois, with appurtenances thereto belonging, for one year, to commence 
 this day, at a yearly rental of Two Hundred dollars, to be paid monthly 
 in advance ; unless said house becomes untenantable from fire or other 
 causes, in which case rent ceases ; and I further agree to give and yield 
 said premises one year from this first day of January 1876, in as good 
 condition as now, ordinary wear and damage by the elements excepted. 
 
 Given under my hand this day. Jacob Schmidt. 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 181 
 
 NOTICE TO QUIT. 
 
 To F. W. Arlen, 
 
 Sir : Please observe that the term of one year, for which the house 
 and land, situated at No. 6 Indiana Street, and now occupied by you, 
 were rented to you, expired on the first day of October, 1875, and as I 
 desire to repossess said premises, you are hereby requested and required 
 
 to vacate the same. Respectfullv Yours, 
 
 P. T. Barnum. 
 
 Lincoln, Neb., October 4, 1875. 
 
 TENANT'S NOTICE OF LEAVING. 
 
 Dear Sir: 
 
 The premises 1 now occupy as your tenant, at No. 6 Indiana Street, 
 I shall vacate on the first day of November, 1875. You will please take 
 notice accordingly. 
 
 Dated this tenth day of October, 1875. F. W. Arlen. 
 
 To P. T. Barnum, Esq. 
 
 REAL ESTATE MORTGAGE TO SECURE PAYMENT OF MONEY. 
 
 This Indenture, made this sixteenth day of May, in the year of 
 our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, between William 
 Stocker, of Peoria, County of Peoria, and State of Illinois, and 011a, his 
 wife, party of the first part, and Edward Singer, party of the second part. 
 
 Whereas, the said party of the first part is justly indebted to the said 
 party of the second part, in the sum of Two Thousand dollars, secured 
 to be paid by two certain promissory notes (bearing even date herewith) 
 the one due and payable at the Second National Bank in Peoria, Illinois, 
 with interest, on the sixteenth day of May, in the year one thousand eight 
 hundred and seventy-three ; the other due and payable at the Second 
 National Bank at Peoria, 111., with interest, on the sixteenth day of May, 
 in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four. 
 
 Now, therefore, this indenture witnesseth, that the said party of the 
 first part, for the better securing the payment of the money aforesaid, 
 with interest thereon, according to the tenor and effect of the said two 
 promissory notes above mentioned ; and, also in consideration of the fur- 
 ther sum of one dollar to them in hand paid by the said party of the sec- 
 ond part, at the delivery of these presents, the receipt whereof is hereby 
 acknowledged, have granted, bargained, sold, and conveyed, and by these 
 presents do grant, bargain, sell, and convey, unto the said party of the 
 second part, his heirs and assigns, forever, all that certain parcel of land, 
 situate, etc. 
 
 [^Describing the premises.^ 
 
 To have and to hold the same, together with all and singular the 
 .Tenements, Hereditaments, Privileges and Appurtenances thereunto 
 
182 ABSTRACT OP TLLIKOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 belonging or in any wise appertaining. And also, all the estate, interest, j 
 and claim whatsoever, in law as well as in equity which the party of 
 the first part have in and to the premises hereby conveyed unto the said 
 party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, and to their only proper 
 use, benefit and behoof. And the said William Stocker, and 011a, his 
 wife, party of the first part, hereby expressly waive, relinquish, release, 
 and convey unto the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, 
 administrators, and assigns, all right, title, claim, interest, and benefit 
 whatever, in and to the above described premises, and each and every 
 part thereof, which is given by or results from all laws of this state per- 
 taining to the exemption of homesteads. 
 
 Provided always, and these presents are upon this express condition, 
 that if the said party of the first part, their heirs, executors, or adminis- 
 trators, shall well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, to the said party of 
 the second part, his heirs, executors,- administrators, or assigns, the afore- 
 said sums of money, with such interest thereon, at the time and in the 
 manner specified in the above mentioned promissory notes, according to 
 the true intent and meaning thereof, then in that case, these presents and 
 every thing herein expressed, shall be absolutely null and void. 
 
 In witness whereof, the said party of the first part hereunto set their 
 hands and seals the day and year first above written. 
 Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of 
 
 James Whitehead, William Stocker. [l.s.] 
 
 Fred. Samuels. Olla Stocker. [l.s.] 
 
 WARRANTY DEED WITH COVENANTS. 
 
 This Indenture, made this sixth day of April, in the year of oui 
 Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, between Henry Best 
 of Lawrence, County of Lawrence, State of Illinois, and Belle, his wife, 
 of the first part, and Charles Pearson of the same place, of the second part, 
 
 Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in consideration 
 of the sum of Six Thousand dollars in hand paid by the said party of the 
 second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have granted, 
 bargained, and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain, and sell, 
 unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, all the fol- 
 lowing described lot, piece, or parcel of land, situated in the City of Law- 
 rence, in the County of Lawrence, and State of Illinois, to wit : 
 \_Here describe the property.'] 
 
 Together with all and singular the hereditaments and appurtenances 
 thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining, and the reversion and 
 reversions, remainder and remainders, rents, issues, and profits thereof; 
 and all the estate, rignt, title, interest, claim, and demand whatsoever, of 
 the said party of the nrst part, either in law or equity, of, in, and to the 
 
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 EDITOR JOURNAL, ROCKFORD 
 
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ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 185 
 
 above bargained premises, with the hereditaments and appurtenances. 
 To have and to hold the said premises above bargained and described, 
 with the appurtenances, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs 
 and assigns, forever. And the said Henry Best, and Belle, his wife, par- 
 ties of the first part, hereby expressly waive, release, and relinquish unto 
 the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, administrators, and 
 assigns, all right, title, claim, interest, and benefit whatever, in and to the 
 above described premises, and each and every part thereof, which is given 
 by or results from all laws of this state pertaining to the exemption of 
 homesteads. 
 
 And the said Henry Best, and Belle, his wife, party of the first 
 part, for themselves and their heirs, executors, and administrators, do 
 covenant, grant, bargain, and agree, to and with the said party of the 
 second part, his heirs and assigns, that at the time of the ensealing and 
 delivery of these presents they were well seized of the premises above 
 conveyed, as of a good, sure, perfect, absolute, and indefeasible estate of 
 inheritance in law, and in fee simple, and have good right, full power, 
 and lawful authority to grant, bargain, sell, and convey the same, in 
 manner and form aforesaid, and that the same are free and clear from all 
 former and other grants, bargains, sales, liens, taxes, assessments, and 
 encumbrances of what kind or nature soever ; and the above bargained 
 premises in the quiet and peaceable possession of the said party of the 
 second part, his heirs and assigns, against all and every person or persons 
 lawfully claiming or to claim the whole or any part thereof, the said party 
 of the first part shall and will warrant and forever defend. 
 
 In testimony whereof, the said parties of the first part have hereunto 
 set their hands and seals the day and year first above written. 
 Signed, sealed and delivered 
 
 in presence of Henry Best, [l.s.] 
 
 Jerry Linklater. Belle Best, [l.s.] 
 
 QUIT-CLAIM DEED. 
 
 This Indenture, made the eighth day of June, in the year of our 
 Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, between David Tour, 
 of Piano, County of Kendall, State of Illinois, party of the first part, 
 and Larry O'Brien, of the same place, party of the second part, 
 
 , Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in considera- 
 tion of Nine Hundred dollars in hand paid by the said party of the sec- 
 ond part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, and the said party 
 6f the second part forever released and discharged therefrom, has remised, 
 released, sold, conveyed, and quit-claimed, and by these presents does 
 remise, release, sell, convey, and quit-claim, unto the said party of the 
 second part, his heirs and assigns, forever, all the right, title, interest, 
 
186 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 claim, and demand, which the said party of the first part has in and to 
 the following described lot, piece, or parcel of land, to wit : 
 
 [Sere describe the land.~\ 
 To have and to hold the same, together with all and singular the 
 appurtenances and privileges thereunto belonging, or in any wise there- 
 unto appertaining, and all the estate, right, title, interest, and claim 
 whatever, of the said party of the first part, either in law or equity, to 
 the only proper use, benefit, and behoof of the said party of the second 
 part, his heirs and assigns forever. 
 
 In witness whereof the said party of the first part hereunto set his 
 hand and seal the day and year above written. 
 
 Signed, sealed and delivered David Tour, [l.s.] 
 
 in presence of 
 Thomas Ashley. 
 
 The above forms of Deeds and Mortgage are such as have heretofore 
 been generally used, but the following are much shorter, and are made 
 equally valid by the laws of this state. 
 
 WARRANTY DEED. 
 
 The grantor (here insert name or names and place of residence), for 
 and in consideration of (here insert consideration) in hand paid, conveys 
 and warrants to (here insert the grantee's name or names) the following 
 described real estate (here insert description), situated in the County of 
 in the State of Illinois. 
 
 Dated this day of A. D. 18 . 
 
 QUIT CLAIM DEED. 
 
 The grantor (here insert grantor's name or names and place of resi- 
 dence), for the consideration of (here insert consideration) convey and 
 quit-claim to (here insert grantee's name or names) all interest in the 
 following described real estate (here insert description), situated in the 
 County of in the State of Illinois. 
 
 Dated this day of A. D. 18 . 
 
 MORTGAGE. 
 
 The mortgagor (here insert name or names) mortgages and warrants 
 to (here insert name or names of mortgagee or mortgagees), to secure the 
 payment of (here recite the nature and amount of indebtedness, showing 
 when due and the rate of interest, and whether secured by note or other- 
 wise), the following described real estate (here insert description thereof), 
 situated in the County of in the State of Illinois. 
 
 Dated this day of A. D. 18 . 
 
 RELEASE. 
 
 Know all Men by these presents, that I, Peter Ahlund, of Chicago, 
 of the County of Cook, and State of Illinois, for and in consideration of 
 One dollar, to me in hand paid, and for other good and valuable considera- 
 
ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 187 
 
 tions, the receipt whereof is hereby confessed, do hereby grant, bargain, 
 remise, convey, release, and quit-claim unto Joseph Carlin of Chicago, 
 of the County of Cook, and State of Illinois, all the right, title, interest, 
 claim, or demand whatsoever, I may have acquired in, through, or by a 
 certain Indenture or Mortgage Deed, bearing date the second day of Jan- 
 uary, A. D. 1871, and recorded in the Recorder's office of said county, 
 in book A of Deeds, page 46, to the premises therein described, and which 
 said Deed was made to secure one certain promissory note, bearing even 
 date with said deed, for the sum of Three Hundred dollars. 
 
 Witness my hand and seal, this second day of November, A. D. 1874. 
 
 Peter Ahlund. [l.s.] 
 
 State of Illinois, ) 
 
 Cook County. \ ' I, George Saxton, a Notary Public in 
 
 and for said county, in the state aforesaid, do hereby 
 
 certify that Peter Ahlund, personally known to me 
 
 as the same person whose name is subscribed to the 
 
 foregoing Release, appeared before me this day in 
 
 [ ^'^ssaI^^ ] person, and acknowledged that he signed, sealed, and 
 
 delivered the said instrument of writing as his free 
 
 and voluntary act, for the uses and purposes therein 
 
 set forth. 
 
 Given under my hand and seal, this second day of 
 November, A. D. 1874. 
 
 George Saxton, N. P. 
 
 GENERAL FORM OF WILL FOR REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY. 
 
 I, Charles Mansfield, of the Town of Salem, County of Jackson, 
 State of Illinois, being aware of the uncertainty of life, and in failing- 
 health, but of sound mind and memory, do make and declare this to be 
 my last will and testament, in manner following, to wit: 
 
 First. I give, devise and bequeath unto my oldest son, Sidney H. 
 Mansfield, the sum of Two Thousand Dollars, of bank stock, now in the 
 Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, and the farm owned by myself 
 in the Town of Buskirk, consisting of one hundred and sixty acres, with 
 all the houses, tenements, and improvements thereunto belonging ; to 
 have and to hold unto my said son, his heirs and assigns, forever. 
 
 Second. I give, devise and bequeath to each of my daughters, Anna 
 Louise Mansfield and Ida Clara Mansfield, each Two Thousand dollars in 
 bank stock, in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, and also each 
 one quarter section of land, owned by myself, situated in the Town of 
 Lake, Illinois, and recorded in my name in the Recorder's office in the 
 county where such land is located. The north one hundred and sixty 
 acres of said half section is devised to my eldest daughter, Anna Louise. 
 6 
 
188 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 Third. I give, devise and bequeath to ray son, Frank Alfred Mans- 
 field, Five shares of Railroad stock in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 
 and my one hundred and sixty acres of land and saw mill thereon, situ- 
 ated in Manistee, Michigan, with all the improvements and appurtenances 
 thereunto belonging, which said real estate is recorded in my name in the 
 county where situated. 
 
 Fourth. I give to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, all my 
 household furniture, goods, chattels, and personal property, about my 
 home, not hitherto disposed of, including Eight Thousand dollars of bank 
 stock in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, Fifteen shares in 
 the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the free and unrestricted use, pos- 
 session, and benefit of the home farm, so long as she may live, in lieu of 
 dower, to which she is entitled by law ; said farm being my present place 
 of residence. 
 
 Fifth. I bequeath to my invalid father, Elijah H. Mansfield, the 
 income from rents of my store building at 145 Jackson Street, Chicago, 
 Illinois, during the term of his natural life. Said building and land there- 
 with to revert to my said sons and daughters in equal proportion, upon 
 the demise of my said father. 
 
 ^ixth. It is also my will and desire that, at the death of my wife, 
 Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, or at any time when she may arrange to 
 relinquish her life interest in the above mentioned homestead, the same 
 may revert to my above named children, or to the lawful heirs of each. 
 
 And lastly. I nominate and appoint as executors of this my last will 
 and testament, my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, and my eldest son, 
 Sidney H. Mansfield. 
 
 I further direct that my debts and necessary funeral expenses shad 
 be paid from moneys now on deposit in the Savings Bank of Salem, the 
 residue of such moneys to revert to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, 
 for her use forever. 
 
 In witness whereof, I, Charles Mansfield, to this my last will and 
 testament, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this fourth day of April, 
 eighteen hundred and seventy-two. 
 
 Signed, sealed, and declared by Charles 
 Mansfield, as and for his last will and 
 testament, in the presence of us, who, 
 at his request, and in his presence, and 
 in the presence of each other, have sub- 
 scribed our names hereunto as witnesses 
 thereof. 
 
 Peter A. Schenck, Sycamore, Ills. 
 
 Frank E. Dent, Salem, Ills. 
 
 Charles Mansfield, [l.s.] 
 
Charles Mansfield, [l.s.] 
 
 ABSTKACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 189 
 
 CODICIL 
 
 Whereas I, Charles Mansfield, did, on the fourth day of April, one 
 thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, make my last will and testa- 
 ment, I do now, by this writing, add this codicil to my said will, to be 
 taken as a part thereof. 
 
 Whereas, by the dispensation of Providence, my daughter, Anna 
 Louise, has deceased^November fifth, eighteen hundred and seventy-three, 
 and whereas, a son has been born to me, which son is now christened 
 Richai'd Albert Mansfield, I give and bequeath unto him my gold watch, 
 and all right, interest, and title in lauds and bank stock and chattels 
 bequeathed to my deceased daughter, Anna Louise, in the body of this will. 
 
 In witness whereof, I hereunto place my hand and seal, this tenth 
 day of March, eighteen hundred and seventy-five. 
 
 Signed, sealed, published, and declared to^ 
 
 us by the testator, Charles Mansfield, as 
 
 and for a codicil to be annexed to his 
 
 last will and testament. And we, at 
 
 his request, and in his presence, and in 
 
 the presence of each other, have sub- 
 scribed our names as witnesses thereto, 
 
 at the date hereof. 
 Frank E. Dent, Salem, Ills. 
 John C. Shay, Salem, Ills. 
 
 CHURCH ORGANIZATIONS 
 
 May be legally made by electing or appointing^ according to the usages 
 or customs of the body of which it is a part, at any meeting held for that 
 purpose, two or more of its members as trustees, wardens or vestrymen, and 
 may adopt a corporate name. The chairman or secretary of such meeting 
 shall, as soon as possible, make and file in the office of the recorder of 
 deeds of the county, an affidavit substantially in the following form : 
 State op Illinois, 
 
 > 
 
 County. ' ^^' 
 
 I, , do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be), 
 
 that at a meeting of the members of the (here insert the name of the 
 church, society or congregation as known before organization), held at 
 
 (here insert place of meeting), in the County of , and State of 
 
 IlUnois, on the day of , A.D. 18 — , for that purpose, the fol- 
 lowing persons were elected (or appointed) \here insert their names'] 
 trustees, wardens, vestrymen, (or officers by whatever name they may 
 choose to adopt, with powers similar to trustees) according to the rules 
 and usages of such (church, society or congregation), and said 
 
190 
 
 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 
 
 adopted as its corporate name (here insert name), and at said meeting 
 this affiant acted as (chairman or secretary, as the case may be). 
 
 Subscribed and sworn to before me, this day of , A.D. 
 
 18—. Name of Affiant 
 
 which affidavit must be recorded by the recorder, and shall be, or a certi- 
 fied copy made by the recorder, received as evidence of such an incorpo- 
 ration. 
 
 No certificate of election after the first need he filed for record. 
 
 The term of office of the trustees and the general government of the 
 society can be determined by the rules or by-laws adopted. Failure to 
 elect trustees at the time provided does not work a dissolution, but the 
 old trustees hold over. A trustee or trustees may be removed, in the 
 same manner by the society as elections are held by a meeting called for 
 that purpose. The property of the society vests in the corporation. The 
 corporation may hold, or acquire by purchase or otherwise, land not 
 exfceeding ten acres, for the purpose of the society. The trustees have 
 the care, custody and control of the property of the corporation, and can, 
 when directed by the society, erect houses or improvements, and repair 
 and alter the same, and may also when so directed by the society, 
 mortgage, encumber, sell and convey any real or personal estate belonging 
 to the corporation, and make all proper contracts in the name of such 
 corporation. But they are prohibited by law from encumbering or inter- 
 fering with any property so as to destroy the effect of any gift, grant, 
 devise or bequest to the corporation ; but such gifts, grants, devises or 
 bequests, must in all cases be used so as to carry out the object intended 
 by the persons making tte same. Existing societies may organize in the 
 manner herein set forth, and have all the advantages thereof. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS TO THOSE PURCHASING BOOKS BY SUBSCRIPTION. 
 
 The business of publishing hooks by subscription having so often been 
 brought into disrepute by agents making representations and declarations 
 not authorized by the publisher ; in order to prevent that as much as possi- 
 ble, and that there^ay be more general knowledge of the relation such 
 agents bear to their principal, and the law governing such cases, the fol- 
 lowing statement is made : 
 
 A subscription is in the nature of a contract of mutual promises, by 
 which the subscriber agrees to pay a certain sum for the work described ; 
 the consideration is concurrent that the publisher shall publish the booh 
 named, and deliver the same, for which the subscriber is to pay the price 
 named. The nature and character of the work is described in the prospectus 
 and by the sample shown. These should be carefully examined before sub- 
 scribing^ as they are the basis and consideration of the promise to pay, 
 
ABSTRACT OF I1.LINOIS STATE LAWS. 191 
 
 and not the too often exaggerated statements of the agents who is merely 
 employed to solicit subscriptions, for which he is usually paid a commission 
 for each subscriber, and has no authority to change or alter the conditions 
 upon which the subscriptions are authorized to be made by the publisher. 
 Should the agent assume to agree to make the subscription conditional or 
 modify or change the agreement of the publisher, as set out by prospectus 
 and sample, in order to bind the principal, the subscriber should see that 
 such conditions or changes are stated over or in connection with his signa- 
 ture, so that the publisher may have notice of the same. 
 
 All persons making contracts in reference to matters of this kind, or 
 any other business, should remember that the law as to written contracts is, 
 that they can not be varied, altered or rescinded verbally, but if done at all, 
 must be done in writing. It is therefore important that all persons contem- 
 plating subscribing should distinctly understand that all talk before or after 
 the subscription is made, is not admissible as evidence, and is no part of the 
 contract. 
 
 Persons employed to solicit subscriptions are known to the trade as 
 canvassers. They are agents appointed to do a particular business in a 
 prescribed mode, and have no authority to do it in any other way to the 
 prejudice of their principal, nor can they bind their principal in any other 
 matter. They cannot collect money, or agree that payment may be made 
 in anything else but money. They can not extend the time of payment 
 beyond the time of delivery, nor bind their principal for the payment of 
 expenses incurred in their buisness. 
 
 It would save a great deal of trouble, and often serious loss, if persons, 
 before signing their names to any subscription book, or any written instru- 
 ment, would examine carefully what it is ; if they can not read themselves, 
 should call on some one disinterested who can. 
 
192 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 
 AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 
 
 Wcy the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, 
 establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common 
 defense, promote the general ivelfare, and secuie the blessings of liberty 
 to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution 
 for the United States of America. 
 
 Article I. 
 
 Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in 
 a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and 
 House of Representatives. 
 
 Sec. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of mem- 
 bers chosen every second year by the people of the several states, and the 
 electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of 
 the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. 
 
 No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the 
 age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United 
 States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in 
 which he shall be chosen. 
 
 Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the sev- 
 eral states which may be included within this Union, according to their 
 respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole 
 number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of 
 years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. 
 The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first 
 meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subse- 
 quent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The 
 number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, 
 but each state shall have at least one Representative ; and until such 
 enumeration shall be made the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled 
 to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plan- 
 tations one, Connecticut five. New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylva- 
 nia eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten. North Carolina five, 
 and Georgia three. 
 
 When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the 
 Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such 
 vacancies. 
 
 The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other 
 officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. 
 
 Sec. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two* 
 Senators from each state, chosen by the Legislature thereof for six years ; 
 and each Senator shall have one vote. 
 
 Immediately after they shall be as!>embled in consequence of the first 
 election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. 
 The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expira- 
 
AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 193 
 
 tion of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth 
 year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that 
 one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by 
 resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any state, 
 the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next 
 meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacajcies. 
 
 No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age 
 of thirty years and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and 
 who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he 
 shall be chosen. 
 
 The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the 
 Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. 
 
 The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro 
 tempore^ ia the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise 
 the office of President of the United States. 
 
 The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When 
 sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the 
 President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside. 
 And no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds 
 of the members present. 
 
 Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to 
 removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of 
 honor, trust, or profit under the United States; but the party convicted 
 shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, 
 and punishment according to law. 
 
 Sec. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Sen- 
 ators and Representatives shall be prescribed in each state by the Legis- 
 lature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter 
 such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators. 
 
 The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such 
 meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by 
 law appoint a different day. 
 
 Sec. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the election, returns, and 
 
 qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute 
 
 a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to 
 
 day, an^ may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members 
 
 i- in such manner and under such penalties as each liouse may provide. 
 
 Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its 
 \ members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, 
 jy expel a member. 
 
 p Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to 
 
 j' time publish the same, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment, 
 
 require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house 
 
 on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered 
 
 on the journal. 
 
 Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the 
 consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other 
 place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. 
 
 Sec. 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compen- 
 sation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the 
 treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, 
 
194 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their 
 attendance at the session of the'ir respective houses, and in going to and 
 returning from the same ; and for any speech or debate in either house 
 they shall not be questioned in any other place. 
 
 No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for w^hich he was 
 elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United 
 States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall 
 have been increased during such time ; and no person holding any office 
 under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his 
 continuance in office. 
 
 Sec. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of 
 Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments 
 as on other bills. 
 
 Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and 
 the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President 
 of the United States ; if he approve he shall sign it ; but if not he shall 
 return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have origi- 
 nated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and 
 proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration two-thirds of that 
 house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objec- 
 tions, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if 
 approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all 
 such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by j eas and nays, 
 and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered 
 on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned 
 by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have 
 been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he 
 had signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its 
 return, in which case it shall not be a law. 
 
 Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the 
 Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a 
 question of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the 
 IJnited States, and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by 
 him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of 
 the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and lim- 
 itations prescribed in the case of a bill. 
 
 Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power — 
 
 To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts, 
 and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United 
 utates ; but all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout 
 the United States ; 
 
 To borrow money on the credit of the United States ; 
 
 To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several 
 Stfites, and with the Indian tribes ; 
 
 To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on 
 the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States ; 
 
 To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and 
 fix the standard of weights and measures ; 
 
 To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and 
 current coin of the United States; 
 
 To establish post offices and post roads ; 
 
AND ITS AMENDMENTS. ' 195 
 
 To promote the progress of sciences and useful arts, by securing, 
 for limited times, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their 
 respective writings and discoveries ; 
 
 To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ; 
 To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high 
 i seas, and offenses against the law of nations ; 
 
 I To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules 
 
 » concerning captures on land and water ; 
 
 To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that 
 use shall be for a longer term than two years ; 
 To provide and maintain a navy ; 
 
 To make, rules for the government and regulation of the land and 
 naval forces ; 
 
 To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the 
 |i Union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions ; 
 
 To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and 
 for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the 
 b United States, reserving to the states respectively the appointment of the 
 r olficers, and the authority of training the militia according to the disci- 
 pline prescribed by Congress ; 
 
 To exercise legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district (not 
 i: exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the 
 (; acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United 
 [){ States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the 
 f' consent of the Legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for 
 }l the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, and other needful 
 i buildings ; and 
 
 |. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying 
 
 j' intc execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this 
 L Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any depart- 
 i ment or officer thereof. 
 
 !; Sec. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the 
 
 [ states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited 
 
 by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, 
 
 libut a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not' exceeding ten 
 
 dollars for each person. 
 I The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, 
 
 'unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may 
 l< require it. 
 
 I No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. 
 I No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion 
 
 I to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. 
 
 No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state. 
 No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or rev- 
 i enue to the ports of one state over those of another ; nor shall vessels 
 I bound to or from one state be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in 
 [! another. 
 
 ! No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in consequence of 
 
 P appropriations made by law ; and a regular statement and account of 
 jj the receipts and expeditures of all public money shall be published from 
 |i time to time. 
 
 I 
 
196 * CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States : and no 
 person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the 
 consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title 
 of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state. 
 
 Sec. 10. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confeder- 
 ation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal ; coin money ; emit bills of 
 credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of 
 debts ; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the 
 obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 
 
 No state shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts 
 or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary 
 for executing its inspection law^, and the net produce of all duties and 
 imposts laid by any state on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the 
 Treasury of the United States ; and all such laws shall be subject to the 
 revision and control of the Congress. 
 
 No state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on 
 tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any 
 agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or 
 engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as wiU 
 not admit of delay. 
 
 Aeticle II. 
 
 Section 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of 
 the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term 
 of four years, and, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same 
 term, be elected as follows : 
 
 Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof 
 may direct, a number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators 
 and Representatives to which the state may be entitled in the Congress ; 
 but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or 
 profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. 
 
 [*The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by 
 ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of 
 the same state with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the 
 persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each ; which list they 
 shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of the government 
 of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The Pres- 
 ident of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Rep- 
 resentatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. 
 The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, 
 if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; 
 and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal 
 number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately 
 choose by ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a ma- 
 jority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like 
 maimer choose the President. But in choosing the President, the vote 
 shall be taken hj states, the representation from each state having one 
 vote ; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members 
 from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be 
 necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, 
 
 * This clause between.brackets has been superseded and auuulled by the Twelf t,b.amendment. 
 
r 
 
 AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 197 
 
 the person having the greatest number of votes of the Electors shall be 
 ; the Vice-President. But if tliere should remain two or more who have 
 , equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-Presi- 
 dent.] 
 
 The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and 
 the day on which they shall give their votes ; which day shall be the same 
 • throughout the United States. 
 
 No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United 
 
 States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible 
 
 ; to the office of President ; neither shall any person be eligible to that 
 
 office who shall not have attained the age of thirty-five years, and been 
 
 i fourteen years a resident within the United States. 
 
 . In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, 
 
 < resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said 
 office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-Pwesident, and the Congress 
 , may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inabil- 
 ; ity, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall 
 5 then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the dis- 
 \ ability be removed, or a President shall be elected. 
 
 The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a com- 
 pensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the 
 , period for which he shall have been ' elected, and he shall not receive 
 : within that period any other emolument from the United States or any of 
 ^ them. 
 
 ^ Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the fol- 
 lowing oath or affirmation : 
 
 " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the 
 •f office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, 
 f preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States." 
 } Sec. 2. The President shall be commander in chief of the army and 
 
 navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when 
 f called into the actual service of the United States; he may require the 
 I opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive 
 5 departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective 
 , offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardon for offenses 
 I against the United States, exoept in cases of impeachment. 
 [■ He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the 
 
 I; Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present con- 
 1' cur ; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice of the Senate, 
 f shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of 
 )j the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States whose 
 I appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be 
 i established by law ; but the Congress may by law vest the appointment 
 ' of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in 
 \i the courts of law, or in the heads of departments. 
 
 i The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may 
 
 H happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which 
 i shall expire at the end of their next session. 
 
 Sec. 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information 
 il of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such mea- 
 I sures as he shall judge necessary and expedient ; he may on extraordinary 
 
198 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 occasions convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagree- 
 ment between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may 
 adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive 
 ambassadors and other public ministers ; he shall take care that the laws be 
 faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United 
 States. 
 
 Sec. 4. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the 
 United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and con- 
 viction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. 
 
 Article III. 
 
 Section I. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested 
 in one Supreme Court, and such inferior courts as the Congress may from 
 time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and 
 inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at 
 stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be 
 diminished during their continuance in office. 
 
 Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and 
 equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and 
 treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority ; to all cases 
 affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls ; to all cases of 
 admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United 
 States shall be a party ; to controversies between two or more states ; 
 between a state and citizens of another state ; between citizens of differ- 
 ent states ; between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants 
 of different states, and between a state or the citizens thereof, and foreign 
 states, citizens, or subjects. 
 
 In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, 
 and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have 
 original jurisdiction. 
 
 In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall 
 have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions 
 and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. 
 
 The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by 
 jury ; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall 
 have been committed ; but when not committed within any state, the 
 trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have 
 directed. 
 
 Sec. 3. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levy- 
 ing war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid 
 and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the tes- 
 timony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open 
 court. 
 
 The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, 
 but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, 
 except during the life of the person attainted. 
 
 Article IV. 
 
 Section 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the 
 public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And 
 
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AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 199 
 
 the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such 
 acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. 
 
 Sec. 2. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges 
 and immunities of citizens in the several states. 
 
 A person charged in any state with treason, felony, or other crime, 
 who shall flee from justice and be found in another state, shall, on demand 
 of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered 
 up, to be removed to the state having jurisdicl'on of the crime. 
 
 No person held to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof 
 escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation 
 therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered 
 up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. 
 
 Sec. 3. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this Union ; 
 but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any 
 other state ; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, 
 or parts of states, without the consent of the Legislatures of the states 
 concerned, as well as of the Congress. 
 
 The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful 
 rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging 
 to the United States ; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed 
 as to prejudice any claims of the United States or of any particular state. 
 
 Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this 
 Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them 
 against invasion, and on application of the Legislature, or of the Execu- 
 tive (when the Legislature can not be convened), against domestic vio- 
 lence. 
 
 Article V. 
 
 The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it 
 necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the ap- 
 plication of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call 
 a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be 
 valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Constitution, when rati- 
 fied by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several states, or by con- 
 ventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratifi- 
 cation may be proposed by the Congress. Provided that no amendment 
 which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and 
 eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth 
 section of the first article ; and that no state, without its consent, shall 
 be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. 
 
 Article VI. 
 
 All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adop- 
 tion of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under 
 this Constitution as under the Confederation. 
 
 This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be 
 made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, 
 under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the 
 land ; and the Judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in 
 the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the mem- 
 
 7 
 
200 
 
 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 bers of the several state Legislatures, and all executive and judicial offi- 
 cers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound 
 by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution ; but no religious test 
 shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under 
 the United States. 
 
 Article VII. 
 
 i 
 
 The ratification of the Conventions of nine states shall be sufficient 
 for the establishment of this Constitution between the states so ratifying 
 the same. 
 
 Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the states present, the 
 seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand 
 seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the independence of the 
 United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have 
 hereunto subscribed our names. 
 
 GEO. WASHINGTON, 
 President and Deputy from Virginia. 
 
 New Hampshire. 
 John Langdon, 
 Nicholas Gilman. 
 
 Massachusetts . 
 Nathaniel Gorham, 
 RuFus King. 
 
 Connecticut. 
 Wm. Sam'l Johnson, 
 Roger Sherman. 
 
 Delaware. 
 Geo. Read, 
 John Dickinson, 
 Jaco. Broom, 
 Gunning Bedford, Jr., 
 Richard Bassett. 
 
 Maryland. 
 James M'Henry, 
 Danl. Carroll, 
 Dan. of St. Thos. Jenifer. 
 
 New York. 
 Alexander Hamilton. 
 
 New Jersey. 
 WiL. Livingston, 
 Wm. Paterson, 
 David Brearley, 
 Jona. Dayton. 
 
 Virginia. 
 John Blair, 
 James Madison, Jr. 
 
 North Carolina. 
 Wm. Blount, 
 Hu. Williamson, 
 Rich'd Dobbs Spaight. 
 
 Pennsylvania. 
 B. Franklin, 
 RoBT. Morris, 
 Thos. Fitzsimons, 
 James Wilson, 
 Thos. Mifflin, 
 Geo. Clymer, 
 Jared Ingersoll, 
 Gouv. Morris. 
 
 South Carolina. 
 j. rutledge, 
 Charles Pinckney, 
 Chas. Cotesworth Pinckney, 
 Pierce Butler. 
 
 Greorgia. 
 William Few, 
 Abr. Baldwin. 
 
 WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary. 
 
PROPRIETOR gazette: AND POSTMASTER 
 
 ROCKFORD ILL. 
 
AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 203 
 
 Articles m Addition to and Amendatory of the Constitution 
 OP THE United States of America. 
 
 Proposed hy Congress and ratified hy the Legislatures of the several states, 
 pursuant to the fifth article of the original Constitution, 
 
 Article I. 
 
 Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, 
 or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of 
 speech, or of the press ; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, 
 and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. 
 
 Article II. 
 
 A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free 
 state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. 
 
 Article III. 
 
 No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without 
 the consent of the owner, nor in time of war but in a manner to be pre- 
 scribed by law. 
 
 Article IV. 
 
 The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, 
 and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be vio- 
 lated ; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by 
 oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched 
 and the persons or things to be seized. 
 
 Article V. 
 
 No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous 
 crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in 
 cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual 
 service in time of war or public danger ; nor shall any person be subject 
 for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall 
 be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be 
 deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor 
 shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. 
 
 Article VI. 
 
 In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a 
 speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district 
 wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have 
 been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and 
 cause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; 
 to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to 
 have the assistance of counsel for his defense. 
 
 Article VII. 
 
 In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed 
 twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact 
 
204 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United 
 States than according to the rules of the common law. 
 
 Article VIII. 
 
 Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, 
 nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 
 
 Akticle IX. 
 
 The enumeration, in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be 
 construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. 
 
 Article X. 
 
 The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, 
 nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, 
 or to the people. 
 
 Article XI. 
 
 The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to 
 extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one 
 of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or sub- 
 jects of any foreign state. 
 
 Article XII. 
 
 The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot I 
 for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an i 
 inhabitant of the same state with themselves ; they shall name in their 
 ballots the person to be voted for as president, and in distinct ballots the { 
 person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of 
 all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice- 
 President, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign 
 and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United 
 States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the 
 Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
 open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person 
 having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, 
 if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; 
 and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the 
 highest number not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as 
 President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by 
 ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be 
 taken by States, the representation from each state having one vote; a 
 quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two- 
 thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to 
 a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a Presi- 
 dent whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the 
 fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as 
 President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of 
 the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice- 
 President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be the majority 
 of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a major- 
 
AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 205 
 
 ity, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose 
 the Vice-President ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds 
 of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number 
 shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible 
 to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the 
 United States. 
 
 Aeticle XIII. 
 
 Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a 
 punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, 
 shall exist witliin the United States, or any place subject to their juris- 
 diction. 
 
 Sec. 2. Congress shaU have power to enforce this article by appro- 
 priate legislation. 
 
 Aeticle XIV. 
 
 Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and 
 subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and 
 of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law 
 which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United 
 States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, 
 without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction 
 the equal protection of the laws. 
 
 Sec. 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the several states 
 according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of per- 
 sons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed ; but when the right to 
 vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice- 
 President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the execu- 
 tive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the Legislature 
 thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being 
 twenty-one years of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way 
 abridged except for participation in rebellion or other crimes, the basis of 
 representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the num- 
 ber of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens 
 twenty-one years of age in such state. 
 
 Sec. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, 
 or Elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or 
 military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previ- 
 ously taken an oath as a Member of Congress, or as an officer of the 
 United States, or as a member of any state Legislature, or as an execu- 
 tive or judicial officer of any state to support the Constitution of the 
 I United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the 
 I same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, 
 h by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. 
 fi^. Sec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States author- 
 I'ized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and boun- 
 Ijties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be ques- 
 I tioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall pay any debt 
 I or obligation incurred in the aid of insurrection or rebellion against the 
 I United^ States, or any loss or emancipation of any slave, but such debts, 
 ''obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void. 
 
2UG 
 
 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Sec. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate 
 legislation, the provisions of this act. , 
 
 Article XV. 
 
 Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall 
 not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any state, on 
 account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. 
 
 Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appro- 
 priate legislation. 
 
 ELECTORS OF PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT. 
 November 7, 1876. 
 
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 Douglas 
 
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 Hardin 
 
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 441 
 2331 
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 White 
 
 Whiteside 
 
 Will 
 
 Williamson... 
 Winnebago... 
 Woodford 
 
 3550 
 2788 
 3120 
 3567 
 4554 
 2009 
 1553 
 1566 
 1231 
 2952 
 3465 
 6363 
 1115 
 2309 
 
 845 
 2486 
 3069 
 1345 
 3833 
 4665 
 1319 
 1541 
 1807 
 3055 
 1043 
 
 646 
 2357 
 1410 
 3912 
 
 980 
 4851 
 1522 
 
 910 
 2069 
 1140 
 4708 
 3198 
 2850 
 
 978 
 4372 
 
 650 
 2795 
 1911 
 1570 
 1297 
 3851 
 4770 
 1672 
 4505 
 1733 
 
 2134 
 2595 
 3782 
 4076 
 4730 
 2444 
 1430 
 1939 
 
 793 
 2811 
 1874 
 4410 
 1657 
 1428 
 1651 
 3013 
 3174 
 1672 
 1921 
 5443 
 
 800 
 1383 
 1316 
 4040 
 
 773 
 
 459 
 2589 
 1552 
 2838 
 1081 
 5847 
 1804 
 1269 
 3553 
 
 786 
 5891 
 2758 
 3171 
 2155 
 3031 
 
 936 
 1984 
 1671 
 1751 
 2066 
 2131 
 3999 
 1644 
 1568 
 2105 
 
 Total 275958 257099 16951 130 157 
 
 1170 
 
 37 
 
 268 
 
 114 
 
 39 
 
 209 
 
 135 
 
 86 
 
 20 
 
 347 
 
 34 
 
 518 
 
 10 
 
 90 
 
 201 
 109 
 
 28 
 104 
 
 95 
 5 
 
 48 
 117 
 
 35 
 
 14 
 
 2 
 
 55 
 
 27 
 
 641 
 
 29 
 
 115 
 
 182 
 
 341 
 
 96 
 
 99 
 
 26 
 
 44 
 
 3 
 
 288 
 
 207 
 
 138 
 
 39 
 
 482 
 
 469 
 
 133 
 
 677 
 
 41 
 
 70 
 
 237 
 
Practical Rules for Every Day Use. 
 
 Hoiv to find the gain or loss per cent, when the cost and selling price 
 are given. 
 
 Rule. — Find the difference between the cost and selling price, which 
 will be the gain or loss. 
 
 Annex two ciphers to the gain or loss, and divide it by the cost 
 price ; the result will be the gain or loss per cent. 
 
 How to change gold into currency. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the given sum of gold by the price of gold. 
 
 Hoiv to change currency into gold. 
 
 Divide the amount in currency by the price of gold. 
 
 Hoiv to find each partner's share of the gain or loss in a copartnership 
 business. 
 
 Rule. — Divide the whole gain or loss by the entire stock, the quo- 
 tient will be the gain or loss per cent. 
 
 Multipl}'^ each partner's stock by this per cent., the result will be 
 each one's share of the gain or loss. 
 
 JIoiv to find gross and net weight and price of hogs. 
 
 A short and simple method for findirig the net weight, or price of hogs, 
 when the gross weight or price is given, and vice versa. 
 
 Note.— It is generally ussunied that the gross weight of Hogs diminished by 1-5 or 20 per cent, 
 of itself gives the net weight, and the net weight increased by X or 25 per cent, of itself equals the 
 Rross weight. 
 
 To fi7id the net weight or gross price. 
 
 Multiply the given number by .8 (tenths.) 
 
 To find the gross tveight or net price. 
 
 Divide the given number by .8 (tenths.) 
 
 How to find the capacity of a granary, bin, or wagon-bed. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply (by short method) the number of cubic feet by 
 6308, and point off one decimal place — the result will be the correct 
 answer in bushels and tenths of a bushel. 
 
 For only an approximate answer, multiply the cubic feet by 8, and 
 point off one decimal place. 
 
 How to find the contents of a corn-crib. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the number of cubic feet by 54, short method, or 
 
 (207) 
 
208 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 
 
 by 4i ordinary method, and point off one decimal -pluee — the result will 
 be the answer in bushels. 
 
 NOTK.— Ill estimating corn in the ear, tlie quality and tlie time it lias been cribbed must l)e taken 
 into consideration, since corn will shrink considerably during the Winter and Spring. This rule generally holds 
 good for corn measured at the time it is cribbed, provided it is sound and clean. 
 
 How to find the contents of a cistern or tank. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the scxuare of the mean diameter by the depth (all 
 in feet) and this product by 5681 (short method), and point off one 
 decimal place — the result will be the contents in barrels of 31^ gallons. 
 
 How to find the conteyits of a barrel or cask. 
 
 Rule. — Under the square of the mean diameter, write the length 
 (all in inches) in reversed order, so that its units will fall under the 
 tens ; multiply by short method, and this product again by 430 ; point 
 off one decimal place, and the result will be the answer in wine gallons. 
 
 Mow to measure boards. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the length (in feet) by the width (in inches) and 
 divide the product by 12 — the result will be the contents in square feet. 
 
 JIoiv to measure scantlings., joists^ planks., sills, etc. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the width, the thickness, and the length together 
 (the width and thickness in inches, and the length in feet), and divide 
 the product by 12 — the result will be square feet. 
 
 How to find the mmiber of acres in a body of layid. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the length by the width (in rods), and divide the 
 product by 160 (carrying the division to 2 decimal places if there is a 
 remainder) ; the result will be the answer in acres and hundredths. 
 
 When the opposite sides of a piece of land are of unequal length, 
 add them together and take one-half for the mean length or width. 
 
 How to find the number of square yards in a floor or wall. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the length by the width or height (in feet), and 
 divide the product by 9, the result will be square yards. 
 
 Hoiv to find the number of bricks required in a building. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the number of cubic feet by 22^. 
 
 The number of cubic feet is found by multiplying the length, height 
 and thickness (in feet) together. 
 
 Bricks are usually made 8 inches long, 4 inches wide, and two inches 
 thick ; hence, it requires 27 bricks to make a cubic foot without mortar, 
 but it is generally assumed that the mortar fills 1-6 of the space. 
 
 How to find the number of shingles required in a roof. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the number of square feet in the roof by 8, if the 
 shingles are exposed 4 J inches, or by 7 1-5 if exposed 5 inches. 
 
 To find the number of square feet, multiply the length of the roof by 
 twice the leni?th of the rafters. 
 
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 209 
 
 To find the length of the rafters, at one-fourth pitch, multiply the 
 width of the building by .56 (hundredths) ; at one-third pitch, by .6 
 (tenths) ; at two-fifths pitch, by .64 (hundredths) ; at one-half 
 pitch, by .71 (hundredths). This gives the length of the rafters from 
 the apex to the end of the wall, and whatever they are to project must be 
 taken into consideration. 
 
 NoTK.— By Jif or 3^ pitch Is meant that the apex or comb of the roof Is to be K or X the width of the 
 buikiiiiK liigher thiui the walls or base of the rafters. 
 
 ITow to reckon the cost of hay. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the number of pounds by half the price per ton, 
 and remove the decimal point three places to the left. 
 
 Hoto to measure graiii. 
 
 Rule. — Level the grain ; ascertain the space it occupies in cubic 
 feet ; multiply the -number of cubic feet by 8, and point off one place to 
 the left. 
 
 Note.— Exactness requires the addition to every three hundred bushels of one extra bushel. 
 
 The foregoing rule may be used for finding the number of gallons, by 
 multiplying the number of bushels by 8. 
 
 If the corn in the box is in the ear, divide the answer by 2, to find 
 the number of bushels of shelled corn, because it requires 2 bushels of ear 
 corn to make 1 of shelled corn. 
 
 Rapid rules for measuring land ivithout instruments. 
 
 In measuring land, the first thing to ascertain is the contents of any 
 given plot in square 3^ards ; then, given the number of yards, find out the 
 number of rods and acres. - 
 
 The most ancient and simplest measure of distance is a step. Now, 
 an ordinary-sized man can train himself to cover one yard at a stride, on 
 the average, with sufficient accuracy for ordinary purposes. 
 
 To make use of this means of measuring distances, it is essential to 
 walk in a straight line ; to do this, fix the eye on two objects in a line 
 straight ahead, one comparatively near, the other remote ; and, in walk- 
 ing, keep these objects constantly in line. 
 
 Farmers and others hy adopting the folloiving simple and ingenious con- 
 trivance, may ahvays carry with them the scale to construct a correct yard 
 measure. 
 
 Take a foot rule, and commencing at the base of the little finger of 
 the left hand, mark the quarters of the foot on the outer borders of the 
 left arm, pricking in the marks with indelible ink. 
 
 To find hoiv many rods in length tvill make an acre, the tvidth heing given. 
 Rule. — Divide 160 by the width, and the quotient will be the answer. 
 
210 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 
 
 How to find the number of acres in any plot of land, the number of rods 
 being given. 
 
 Rule. — Divide the number of rods by 8, multiply the quotient by 5, 
 and remove the decimal point two places to the left. 
 
 The diameter being give7i, to find the circumference. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the diameter by 3 1-7. 
 
 How to find the diameter, when the circumference is given. 
 
 Rule. — Divide the circumference by 3 1-7. 
 
 To find how many solid feet a rou7id stick of timber of the same thick- 
 ness throughout will contain when squared. 
 
 Rule. — Square half the diameter in inches, multiply by 2, multiply 
 by the length in feet, and divide the product by 144. 
 
 Greneral rule for measuring timber, to find the solid contents in feet. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the depth in inches by the breadth in inches, and 
 then multiply by the length in feet, and divide by 144. 
 
 To find the number of feet of timber in trees with the bark on. 
 
 Rule. — Multiply the square of one-fifth of the circumference in 
 inches, by twice the length, in feet, and divide by 144. Deduct 1-10 to 
 1-15 according to the thickness of the bark. 
 
 Hou'ard's new rule for coinputing interest. 
 
 Rule. — The reciprocal of the rate is the time for which the interest 
 on any sum of money will be shown by simply removing the decimal 
 point two places to the left; for ten times that time, remove the point 
 one place to the left; for 1-10 of the same time, remove the point three 
 places to the left. 
 
 Increase or diminish the results to suit the time given. 
 
 Note.— The reciprocal of tlie rate is found by inverting the rate ; thus 3 per cent, per month, In- 
 verted, becomes >^ of a month, or 10 days. 
 
 When the rate is expressed by one figure, always write it thus : 3-1, 
 three ones. 
 
 Rule for converting English into American currency. 
 
 Multiply the pounds, with the shillings and pence stated in decimals, 
 by 400 plus the premium in fourths, and divide the product by 90. 
 
 U. S. GOVERNMENT LAND MEASURE. 
 
 A township — 36 sections each a mile square. 
 A section — 640 acres. 
 
 A quarter section, half a mile square — 160 acres. 
 An eighth section, half a mile long, north and south, and a quarter 
 of a mile wide — 80 acres. 
 
 A sixteenth section, a quarter of a mile square — 40 acres. 
 
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 211 
 
 The sections are all numbered 1 to 36, commencing at the north-east 
 corner. 
 
 The sections are divided into quarters, which are named by the 
 cardinal points. The quarters are divided in the same way. The de- 
 scrijDtion of a forty acre lot would read : The south half of the west half of 
 the south-west quarter of section 1 in township 24, norih of range 7 west, 
 or as the case might be ; and sometimes will fall short and sometimes 
 overrun the number of acres it is supposed to contain. 
 
 The nautical mile is 795 4-5 feet longer than the common mile. 
 
 SURVEYORS' MEASURE. . 
 
 7 92-100 inches make 1 link. 
 
 25 links " 1 rod. 
 
 4 rods " 1 chain. 
 
 80 chains " 1 mile. 
 
 Note. — A chain is 100 links, equal to 4 rods or 66 feet. 
 
 Shoemakers formerly used a subdivision of the inch called a barley- 
 corn ; three of which made an inch. 
 
 Horses are measured directly over the fore feet, and the standard of 
 measure is four inches — called a hand. 
 
 In Biblical and other old measurements, the term span is sometimes 
 used, which is a ler.gth of nine inches. 
 
 The sacred cubit of the Jews was 24.024 inches in length. 
 
 The common cubit of the Jews was 21.704 inches in length. 
 
 A pace is equal to a yard or 36 inches. 
 
 A fathom is equal to 6 feet. 
 
 A league is three miles, but its length is variable, for it is strictly 
 speaking a nautical term, and should be three geographical miles, equal 
 to 3.45 statute miles, but when used on land, three statute miles are said 
 to be a league. 
 
 In cloth measure an aune is equal to li yards, or 45 inches. 
 
 An Amsterdam ell is equal to 26.796 inches. 
 
 A Trieste ell is equal to 25.284 inches. 
 
 A Brabant ell is equal to 27.116 inches. 
 
 HOW TO KEEP ACCOUNTS. 
 
 Every farmer and mechanic, whether he does much or little business, 
 should keep a record of his transactions in a clear and systematic man- 
 ner. For the benefit of those who have not had the opportunity' of ac- 
 quiring a primary knowledge of the principles of book-keeping, we here 
 present a simple form of keeping accounts which is easily comprehended, 
 and well adapted to record the business transactions of farmers, mechanics 
 and laborers. 
 
212 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 
 
 1875. 
 
 A. H. JACKSON. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 Cr. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 10 
 
 u 
 
 17 
 
 Feb. 
 
 4 
 
 (( 
 
 4 
 
 March 
 
 8 
 
 (( 
 
 8 
 
 a 
 
 13 
 
 u 
 
 27 
 
 April 
 
 9 
 9 
 
 May 
 
 it 
 
 G 
 24 
 
 July 
 
 4 
 
 To 7 bushels Wheat ...at $1.^5 
 
 By shoeing span of Horses 
 
 To 14 bushels Oats... at $ .45 
 
 To 5 lbs. Butter at .25 
 
 By new Harrow 
 
 By sharpening 2 Plows 
 
 By new Double-Tree ._ _ 
 
 To Cow and Calf 
 
 To half ton of Hay 
 
 By Cash 
 
 By repairing Corn-Planter 
 
 To one Sow with Pigs __ 
 
 By Cash, to balance account 
 
 48 
 6 
 
 17 
 
 75 
 
 30 
 
 50 
 
 05 
 
 18 
 
 25 
 4 
 
 35 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 40 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 75 
 
 15 
 
 05 
 
 1875. 
 
 CASS A MASON. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 Cr. 
 
 March 21 
 " 21 
 " 23 
 1 
 1 
 19 
 26 
 10 
 29 
 12 
 12 
 1 
 
 May 
 
 (( 
 
 June 
 
 u 
 
 July 
 
 a 
 
 Aug. 
 Sept. 
 
 By 3 days' labor ..at $1.25 
 
 To 2 Shoats at 3.00 
 
 To 18 bushels Corn at .45 
 
 By 1 month's Labor. . 
 
 To Cash 
 
 By 8 days' Mowing at 11.50 
 
 To 50 lbs. Flour 
 
 To 27 lbs. Meat ...at$ .10 
 
 By 9 days' Harvesting _ at 2.00 
 
 By 6 days' Labor at 1.50 
 
 To Cash 
 
 To Cash to balance account _ 
 
 
 
 $3 
 
 $(J 
 
 00 
 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 25 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 75 
 
 
 2 
 
 70 
 
 18 
 9 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 
 18 
 
 20 
 
 
 167 
 
 75 
 
 167 
 
 75 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 INTEREST TABLE. 
 
 A Simple Kule for accuratelt Computing Interest at Any Given Pku Cent, for Any 
 
 Length op Time. 
 
 Multiply the principal (amount of money at interest) by the time reduced to days; then divide this product 
 by the (3Uotte7it obtained by dividing 360 (the number of days In the interest year) by the per cprtt. of interest, 
 and the quotient thus obtained will be the required interest. 
 
 ILLUSTRATION. Solution. 
 
 Requiretheinterestof $462.50 for one month and eighteen days at 6 per cent. An $462.50 
 
 interest month is 30 days; one month and eighteen days equal 48 days. $462.50 raulti- .48 
 
 plied by .48 gives $222 0000; 360 divided by 6 (the per cent, of interest) gives 60, and 
 
 $2220000 divided by 60 will give you the e.\act interest, which is $3.70. If the rate of 370000 
 
 interest in the ai)ove example were 12 per cent., we would divide the $222.0000 by 30 6)360 \ 185000 
 
 (because 360 divided by 12 gives .30); if 4 per cent., we would divide by 90; If 8 per 
 
 cent., by 45; and iu like manner for any otber per cent. 60/$222.0000($3.70 
 
 180 
 
 420 
 420 
 
 00 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS TABLE. 
 
 12 units, or things, 1 Dozen. I 196 pounds, 1 Barrel of Flour. I 24 sheets of paper, 1 Quire. 
 
 12 dozen, 1 Gross. 200 pounds, 1 Barrel of Pork. 20 quires paper 1 Ream. 
 
 20 things, 1 Score. 56 pounds, 1 Firkin of Butter. | 4 ft. wide, 4 ft. high, and 8 ft. long, 1 Cord \N ood. 
 
MISCELLANEOUS INrOR]yLA.TION. 213 
 
 NAMES OF THE STATES OF THE UNION, AND THEIR SIGNIFICATIONS. 
 
 Virginia. — The oldest of the States, was so called in honor of Queen 
 Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen," in whose reign Sir Walter Raleigh made 
 his first attempt to colonize that region. 
 
 Florida. — Ponce de Leon landed on the coast of Florida on Easter 
 Sunday, and called the country in commemoration of the day, which was 
 the Pasqua Florida of the Spaniards, or " Feast of Flowers." 
 
 Louisiana was called after Louis the Fourteenth, who at one time 
 owned that section of the country. 
 
 Alabama was so named by the Indians, and signifies " Here we Rest." 
 
 Mississippi is likewise an Indian name, meaning " Long River." 
 
 Arkansas^ from Kansas, the Indian word for " smoky water." Its 
 prefix was really arc, the French word for " bow." 
 
 The Carolinas were originally one tract, and were called "Carolana," 
 after Charles the Ninth of France. 
 
 Georgia owes its name to George the Second of England, who first 
 established a colony there in 1732. 
 
 Tennessee is the Indian name for the " River of the Bend," i. e., the 
 Mississippi which forms its western boundary. 
 
 Kentucky is the Indian name for " at the head of the river." 
 
 Ohio mea]is " beautiful ; " Iowa, " drowsy ones ; " Minnesota, " cloudy 
 water," and TF/scowsm, " wild-rushing channel." 
 
 Illinois is derived from the Indian word illini, men, and the French 
 suffix ois, together signifying " tribe of men." 
 
 Michigan was called by the name given the lake, fish-weir, which was 
 so styled from its fancied resemblance to a fish trap. 
 
 Missouri is from the Indian word " muddy," which more properly 
 applies to the river that flows through it. 
 
 Oregon owes its Indian name also to its principal river. 
 
 Cortes named California, 
 
 Massachusetts is the Indian for " The country around the great hills." 
 
 Connecticut, from the Indian Quon-ch-ta-Cut, signifying " Long 
 River." 
 
 Maryland, after Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles the First, of 
 England. 
 
 New York was named by the Duke of York. 
 
 Pennsylvania means " Penn's woods," and was so called after William 
 Penn, its orignal owner. 
 
214 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 
 
 Delaware after Lord De La Ware. 
 
 New Jersey^ so called in honor of Sir George Carteret, who was 
 Governor of the Island of Jersey, in the British Channel. 
 
 Maine was called after the province of Maine in France, in compli- 
 ment of Queen Henrietta of England, who owned that province. 
 
 Vermont, from the French word Vert Mont, signifying Green 
 Mountain. 
 
 New Hampshire, from Hampshire county in England. It was 
 formerly called Laconia. 
 
 The little State of Rhode Island owes its name to the Island of 
 Rhodes in the Mediterranean, which domain it is said to greatly 
 resemble. 
 
 Texas is the American word for the Mexican name by which all that 
 section of the country was called before it was ceded to the United States. 
 
 POPULATION OF THE 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 States and Territories 
 
 Alal)ama 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 Calif urnia 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Florida : 
 
 Georgia 
 
 illinois 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Kan sas 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 Mai ne 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Massachusetts — 
 
 MicliiKan 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Nevada 
 
 New Himpshire 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 New York 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 Ohio. 
 
 Oregon 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Texas 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Virginia 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 Wisconsi n 
 
 Total States 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Colorada 
 
 Daltota , 
 
 District of Columbia 
 
 Itlalio 
 
 Montana 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 Utah 
 
 Washi iigton 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Total Territories 
 
 Total United States 
 
 Total 
 Population. 
 
 38.113,a53 
 
 9.658 
 39,864 
 14,181 
 131.700 
 14,999 
 20,59.5 
 91,874 
 86,786 
 23,955 
 9,118 
 
 442,730 
 
 38,555,983 
 
 POPULATION OF FIFTY 
 PRINCIPAL CITIES. 
 
 Cities. 
 
 New York, N. Y 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa... 
 
 Brooklyn, N. Y 
 
 >St. Louis, Mo 
 
 Cliicago, lU , 
 
 Baltimore, Md 
 
 Boston, Mass 
 
 Citicinnati, Ohio 
 
 New Orleans, La. .. 
 Sail Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Bulfalo, N. Y 
 
 AVashington, D. C, 
 
 Newark, N. J 
 
 Louisville, Ky , 
 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 
 Pittsburg, Pa 
 
 Jersey City, N. J ... 
 
 Detroit, Mich 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis 
 
 Albany, N. Y , 
 
 Providence, R. I 
 
 Rochester, N. Y 
 
 Allegheny, Pa 
 
 Richmond, Va 
 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Charleston, S. C 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind... 
 
 Troy, N. Y 
 
 Syracuse, N. Y 
 
 Worcester, Mass... 
 
 Lowell. Mass 
 
 Memphis, Tenn 
 
 Cambridge, Mass... 
 
 Hartford, Conn 
 
 Scranton, Pa , 
 
 Reading, Pa 
 
 Paterson, N. J 
 
 Kansas City, Mo... 
 
 Mobile, Ala 
 
 Toledo, Ohio 
 
 Portland, Me 
 
 Colnmbu.s, Ohio 
 
 Wilmington, Del... 
 
 Dayton, Ohio 
 
 Lawrence, Mass 
 
 Utica, N. Y 
 
 Charlestown, Mass 
 
 Savannah, Ga 
 
 Lynn. Mass 
 
 Fall River, Mass... 
 
 Aggregate 
 Population. 
 
 674, 
 
 396, 
 
 310, 
 
 298. 
 
 267, 
 
 250, 
 
 216, 
 
 191, 
 
 149, 
 
 117, 
 
 109, 
 
 105, 
 
 100, 
 
 92, 
 
 86, 
 
 82, 
 
 79, 
 
 71, 
 
 69, 
 
 68, 
 
 62 
 
 53. 
 
 51. 
 
 50 
 
 48, 
 
 48, 
 
 46, 
 
 43, 
 
 41. 
 
 40, 
 
 40 
 
 39, 
 
 37, 
 
 35, 
 
 3.3 
 
 33 
 
 32 
 
 32 
 
 31 
 
 31 
 
 31 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 28, 
 
 28 
 
 28 
 
 28. 
 
 28, 
 
 26, 
 
 292 
 022 
 099 
 864 
 977 
 354 
 .526 
 239 
 418 
 473 
 714 
 199 
 059 
 753 
 829 
 076 
 546 
 577 
 440 
 423 
 904 
 386 
 180 
 038 
 840 
 956 
 244 
 465 
 051 
 105 
 928 
 226 
 634 
 180 
 092 
 930 
 579 
 260 
 034 
 584 
 ,413 
 274 
 841 
 473 
 921 
 :804 
 323 
 235 
 233 
 766 
 
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 
 
 215 
 
 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Area in 
 States a:nd sqiiar 
 
 TERRITOKIES. MUes. 
 
 States. 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 California 
 
 CoiHipi-tinit 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Florida 
 
 Georgia 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Iiuliana 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Kans.'is 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 Maine 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Massachusetts.., 
 
 Michigan" 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Nevada 
 
 New Hampshire, 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 New York 
 
 North Carolina. 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Oregon 
 
 roruLATioN 
 
 99fi,992 
 
 484.471 
 
 560,247 
 
 537,454 
 
 125,015 
 
 187.748 
 
 1,1S+.109 
 
 2,5H9,891 
 
 l.tlS(l.ti:^7 
 
 1,191,792 
 
 3lil,:«9 
 
 1,.S21.011 
 
 72(i,915 
 
 62(),915 
 
 780,894 
 
 1,457,351 
 
 1,184,059 
 
 489,706 
 
 827,922 
 
 1,721.295 
 
 128.993 
 
 42,491 
 
 318.800 
 
 906,096 
 
 4,382,759 
 
 1,071.361 
 
 2,665.360 
 
 90,923 
 
 Miles 
 R. K. 
 1875. 1872 
 
 1,350,544 
 528,349 
 
 857,039 
 
 1,651,912 
 
 1,334,031 
 
 598,429 
 
 246,280 
 52,540 
 
 1,026.502 
 
 4,705,208 
 
 1,671 
 '>5 
 
 0T3 
 820 
 227 
 466 
 108 
 904 
 529 
 160 
 700 
 123 
 539 
 871 
 820 
 606 
 285 
 ,612 
 990 
 ,580 
 828 
 593 
 790 
 ,265 
 ,470 
 ,190 
 ,740 
 lo9 
 
 Last Census of Michigan taken in 1874. 
 
 Stater and 
 Tkrkitoriks. 
 
 States. 
 Pennsylvania... 
 Rhode Island... 
 South Carolina. 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Texas 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Virginia 
 
 West Virginia... 
 Wisconsin 
 
 Total States. 
 
 Territories. 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Colorado 
 
 Dakota 
 
 Dist. of Columbia. 
 
 Idaho. 
 
 Montana 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 Utah 
 
 Washington 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Total Territories. 
 
 Area in 
 square 
 Miles. 
 
 46,000 
 1,306 
 29,385 
 45,600 
 237,504 
 10,212 
 40,904 
 23,000 
 53,924 
 
 1,950,171 
 
 113,916 
 
 104,500 
 
 147,490 
 
 60 
 
 90,93 
 
 143.776 
 
 121,201 
 
 80.056 
 
 69.944 
 
 93,107 
 
 965,032 
 
 Population. 
 
 1870. 
 
 3,521.791 
 217.358 
 705,606 
 
 1,258,520 
 818,579 
 330,551 
 
 1,225,163 
 442,014 
 
 1,0.54.670 
 
 38,113,253 
 
 9,658 
 39,864 
 14,181 
 131,700 
 14,999 
 20,595 
 91,874 
 86,786 
 23.955 
 
 9,118 
 
 442.730 
 
 1875. 
 
 258,239 
 925,145 
 
 1,236,729 
 
 Miles' 
 R. R. 
 
 1872. 
 
 5.113 
 136 
 
 1,201 
 
 1..520 
 865 
 675 
 
 1,490 
 485 
 
 1,725 
 
 59,587 
 
 375 
 ■498 
 
 1,265 
 
 Aggregate of U. S.. 2,915.203 38,555.983 60,853 
 
 * Included In the Railroad Mileage of Maryland. 
 
 PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD; 
 
 ]^OPULATION AND ArBA. 
 
 Countries. 
 
 Population. 
 
 Date of 
 Census. 
 
 Area in 
 Stiuare 
 Miles. 
 
 Inhabitants 
 
 to Square 
 
 Mile. 
 
 Population. 
 
 China 
 
 British Empire 
 
 Russia 
 
 United States with Alaska. 
 
 France 
 
 Austria and Hungary 
 
 Japan 
 
 Great Britain and Ireland. 
 
 German Empire 
 
 Italy 
 
 Spain 
 
 Brazil 
 
 Turkey 
 
 Mexico 
 
 Sweden and Norway 
 
 Persia 
 
 Belgium 
 
 Bavaria 
 
 Portugal 
 
 Holland 
 
 >ew Grenada 
 
 Chili 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Peru 
 
 Bolivia 
 
 Argentine Republic 
 
 Wurteniburg 
 
 Denmark 
 
 Venezuela 
 
 Baden 
 
 Greece 
 
 Guatemala 
 
 Ecuador 
 
 Paraguay 
 
 Hesse 
 
 Liberia 
 
 San Salvador 
 
 Hayti 
 
 Nicaragua , 
 
 Uruguay , 
 
 Honduras 
 
 San Domingo 
 
 Costa Rica 
 
 Hawaii 
 
 446,500.000 
 
 226,817.108 
 
 81,925,410 
 
 38,925,600 
 
 36,469,800 
 
 35,904,400 
 
 34,785.800 
 
 31,817,100 
 
 29,906,092 
 
 27.439,921 
 
 16.642,000 
 
 10,000.000 
 
 16,463,000 
 
 9,173,000 
 
 5,921.500 
 
 5,000,000 
 
 5,021,300 
 
 4,861,400 
 
 3,995,200 
 
 3,688,300 
 
 .3,000.000 
 
 2,000,000 
 
 2,669,100 
 
 2,. 500, 000 
 
 2,000,000 
 
 1,812,000 
 
 1,818.500 
 
 1.784.700 
 
 I,.500.000 
 
 1,461,400 
 
 1,457,900 
 
 1,180,000 
 
 1,300,000 
 
 1,000,000 
 
 823,188 
 
 718,000 
 
 600,000 
 
 572.000 
 
 350.000 
 
 800,000 
 
 350,000 
 
 136,000 
 
 165,000 
 
 62,950 
 
 1871 
 1871 
 1871 
 1870 
 1866 
 1869 
 1871 
 1871 
 1871 
 1871 
 1867 
 
 1869 
 1870 
 1870 
 1869 
 1871 
 1868 
 1870 
 1870 
 1869 
 1870 
 1871 
 
 ■1869 
 1871 
 1870 
 
 "1871 
 1870 
 1871 
 
 1871 
 1871 
 
 1871 
 1871 
 1871 
 
 'isio 
 
 3,741,846 
 
 4,677,432 
 
 8,003,778 
 
 2,608,884 
 
 204,091 
 
 240.848 
 
 149,399 
 
 121,315 
 
 160,207 
 
 118,847 
 
 195.775 
 
 3,258.029 
 
 672,621 
 
 761,526 
 
 292.871 
 
 635,964 
 
 11,373 
 
 29,292 
 
 34,494 
 
 12,680 
 
 357,157 
 
 132.616 
 
 15,992 
 
 471,838 
 
 497.321 
 
 871,848 
 
 7,538 
 
 14,753 
 
 368,238 
 
 5,912 
 
 19,353 
 
 40,879 
 
 218,928 
 
 68,787 
 
 2,969 
 
 9,576 
 
 7,335 
 
 10,205 
 
 58,171 
 
 66,722 
 
 47,092 
 
 17,827 
 
 21,505 
 
 7,633 
 
 119.3 
 
 48.6 
 
 10.2 
 
 7.78 
 
 178.7 
 
 149.4 
 
 282.8 
 
 262.3 
 
 187. 
 
 230.9 
 
 85. 
 
 3.07 
 24.4 
 
 20. 
 7.8 
 441.5 
 165.9 
 115.8 
 290.9 
 8.4 
 15.1 
 166.9 
 5.3 
 4. 
 2.1 
 241.4 
 120.9 
 4.2 
 247. 
 75.3 
 28.9 
 5.9 
 15.6 
 277. 
 74.9 
 81.8 
 56. 
 6. 
 6.5 
 7.4 
 7.6 
 7.7 
 
 Pekln 
 
 London 
 
 St. Petersburg... 
 
 Washington 
 
 Paris 
 
 Vienna 
 
 Yeddo 
 
 London 
 
 Berlin 
 
 Rome 
 
 Madrid , 
 
 Rio Janeiro , 
 
 Constantinople ., 
 
 Mexico , 
 
 .Stockholm 
 
 Teheran 
 
 Brussels 
 
 Munich 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 Hague 
 
 Bogota 
 
 Santiago 
 
 Berne 
 
 Lima 
 
 Chuquisaca 
 
 Buenos Ayres... 
 
 Stuttgart 
 
 Copenhagen 
 
 Caraccas 
 
 Carlsruhe 
 
 Athens 
 
 Guatemala 
 
 Quito 
 
 Asuncion 
 
 Darmstadt 
 
 Monrovia 
 
 Sal Salvador 
 
 Port au Prince. 
 
 Managua 
 
 Monte Video 
 
 Comayagua 
 
 San Domingo 
 
 San Jose 
 
 Honolulu 
 
 1,648,800 
 
 3,251.800 
 
 667,000 
 
 109,199 
 
 1,825,300 
 
 833,900 
 
 1,5.54,900 
 
 3,251,800 
 
 82.5,400 
 
 244,484 
 
 332,000 
 
 420,000 
 
 1,075,000 
 
 210.800 
 
 136,900 
 
 120,000 
 
 314,100 
 
 169,500 
 
 224,063 
 
 90,100 
 
 45,000 
 
 115,400 
 
 36.000 
 
 160,100 
 
 25.000 
 
 177.800 
 
 91,600 
 
 162,042 
 
 47,000 
 
 36,600 
 
 48,400 
 
 40,00t) 
 
 70,000 
 
 48,000 
 
 30,000 
 
 3,000 
 
 15,000 
 
 20,000 
 
 10,000 
 
 44.500 
 
 12.000 
 
 20,000 
 
 2,000 
 
 7,633 
 
216 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION 
 
 POPUI.ATION OF ILLINOIS, 
 By Counties. 
 
 COUNTIES. 
 
 Adams 
 
 Alexander. . 
 Bond 
 
 Boone 
 
 Brown 
 
 Bureau 
 
 Calhoun 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Cass . - 
 
 Champaign. 
 Christian .. 
 
 Clark 
 
 Clay 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Coles 
 
 Cook 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Cumberland , 
 De Kalb..-. 
 De Witt..-, 
 
 Douglas 
 
 Du Page 
 
 Edgar 
 
 Edwards 
 
 Effingham.. 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Ford 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Fulton 
 
 Gallatin 
 
 Greene 
 
 Grundy . 
 
 Hamilton .. 
 
 Hancock 
 
 Hardin 
 
 Henderson _ 
 
 Henry 
 
 Iroquois 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Jersey 
 
 Jo Daviess. 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Kane. 
 
 Kankakee. - 
 
 Kendall 
 
 Knox 
 
 Lake 
 
 La Salle 
 
 Lawrence.. 
 
 Lee 
 
 Livingston . 
 Logan 
 
 AGGREGATE. 
 
 1870. 1860. 1850. 1840. 1830. 1820. 
 
 56362 
 10564 
 I3152 
 12942 
 12205 
 
 32415 
 
 6562 
 
 16705 
 
 I1580 
 
 32737 
 20363 
 
 18719 
 
 15875 
 162S5 
 
 25235 
 349966 
 
 I3SS9 
 12223 
 23265 
 14768 
 
 13484 
 166S5 
 21450 
 
 75^55 
 15653 
 19638 
 
 9103 
 12652 
 38291 
 
 11134 
 20277 
 14938 
 13014 
 35935 
 5113 
 12582 
 35506 
 25782 
 19634 
 11234 
 17864 
 
 15054 
 27820 
 1 1248 
 
 39091 
 24352 
 12399 
 39522 
 21014 
 6079 
 
 12533 
 27171 
 
 3M7I 
 23053 
 
 41323 
 4707 
 9815 
 
 11678 
 9938 
 
 26426 
 
 5144 
 11733 
 11325 
 14629 
 10492 
 14987 
 
 9336 
 
 1 094 1 
 
 14203 
 
 144954 
 
 11551 
 8311 
 19086 
 10820 
 7140 
 14701 
 16925 
 
 5454 
 7816 
 
 1 1 189 
 1979 
 9393 
 
 33338 
 8055 
 
 16093 
 
 10379 
 
 9915 
 
 29061 
 
 3759 
 
 9501 
 
 20660 
 
 12325 
 
 9589 
 
 8364 
 12965 
 12051 
 27325 
 
 9342 
 30062 
 15412 
 13074 
 28663 
 18257 
 48332 
 
 9214 
 17651 
 11637 
 14272 
 
 26508 
 2484 
 6144 
 7624 
 7198 
 8841 
 3231 
 4586 
 7253 
 2649 
 3203 
 9532 
 4289 
 
 5139 
 
 9335 
 
 43385 
 
 7135 
 3718 
 7540 
 5002 
 
 9290 
 
 10692 
 
 3524 
 
 3799 
 
 8075 
 
 5681 
 
 22508 
 
 5448 
 
 12429 
 
 3023 
 
 6362 
 
 14652 
 
 2887 
 
 4612 
 
 3807 
 
 4149 
 
 5862 
 
 3220 
 
 8109 
 
 7354 
 18604 
 
 4114 
 16703 
 
 7730 
 13279 
 14226 
 
 17S15 
 6121 
 5.298 
 
 155 
 5128 
 
 14476 
 
 3313 
 5060 
 
 1705 
 4183 
 3067 
 1741 
 1023 
 2981 
 
 1475 
 
 1878 
 
 7453 
 3228 
 3718 
 9616 
 10201 
 
 4422 
 
 1697 
 3247 
 
 3535 
 8225 
 3070 
 
 1675 
 6328 
 
 3682 
 13142 
 10760 
 11951 
 
 3945 
 9946 
 
 1378 
 
 1260 
 
 1695 
 3566 
 1472 
 5762 
 
 4535 
 6180 
 3626 
 6501 
 
 7060 
 2634 
 9348 
 7092 
 
 2035 
 
 759 
 
 •2333 
 
 2186 
 1390; 
 3124 
 
 1090 
 
 3940 
 
 755 
 2330 
 
 3117 
 
 4071 
 1649 
 
 2704 
 
 4083 
 1841 
 7405 
 7674 
 
 2616 
 
 4S3 
 
 41 
 
 182S 
 2555 
 
 2111 
 1596 
 
 274 
 
 3668 
 
MISCELLANEOUS INFOBMATION. 
 
 217 
 
 POPULATION OF ILLINOIS— Concluded. 
 
 COUNTIES. 
 
 Macon 
 
 Macoupin.., 
 
 Madison 
 
 Marion 
 
 Marshall — 
 
 Mason 
 
 Massac 
 
 McDonough. 
 McHenry ._ 
 
 McLean 
 
 Menard 
 
 Mercer 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Moultrie 
 
 Ogle 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Perry 
 
 Piatt , 
 
 Pike.. , 
 
 Pope 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Randolph... 
 
 Richland 
 
 Rock Island 
 
 Saline 
 
 Sangamon .. 
 
 Schuyler 
 
 Scott 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Stark 
 
 St. Clair 
 
 Stephenson.. 
 
 Tazewell 
 
 Union 
 
 Vermilion. . 
 
 Wabash -. 
 
 Warren 
 
 Washington 
 
 Wayne 
 
 White 
 
 Whitesides . 
 
 Will 
 
 Williamson. 
 Winnebago. 
 Woodford.. 
 
 Total. . 
 
 AOGRKGATB. 
 
 1870. 1860. 1850. 1840. 1830. 1820 
 
 26481 
 32726 
 
 44131 
 20622 
 16950 
 16184 
 9581 
 26509 
 23762 
 53988 
 II735 
 18769 
 
 12982 
 
 25314 
 28463 
 10385 
 27492 
 47540 
 13723 
 10953 
 30708 
 
 II437 
 8752 
 6280 
 20859 
 12803 
 29783 
 12714 
 46352 
 17419 
 10530 
 25476 
 IO751 
 
 51068 
 30608 
 27903 
 16518 
 30388 
 8841 
 23174 
 17599 
 19758 
 16846 
 27503 
 43013 
 17329 
 29301 
 
 18956 
 
 2539891 
 
 13738 
 24602 
 31251 
 12739 
 13437 
 IO931 
 
 6213 
 20069 
 22089 
 28772 
 
 9584 
 15042 
 
 12832 
 
 13979 
 22II2 
 
 6385 
 22888 
 36601 
 
 9552 
 
 6127 
 27249 
 
 6742 
 
 3943 
 
 5587 
 17205 
 
 9711 
 21005 
 
 9331 
 32274 
 14684 
 
 9069 
 14613 
 
 9004 
 
 37694 
 25112 
 21470 
 11181 
 19800 
 7313 
 18336 
 13731 
 12223 
 12403 
 
 18737 
 29321 
 12205 
 24491 
 13282 
 
 1711951 
 
 12355 
 
 20441 
 
 6720 
 
 5180 
 
 5921 
 
 4092 
 
 7616 
 
 14978 
 
 10163 
 
 6349 
 
 5246 
 
 7679 
 
 6277 
 
 16064 
 
 3234 
 10020 
 
 17547 
 5278 
 1606 
 
 18819 
 
 3975 
 2265 
 
 3924 
 
 1 1079 
 
 4012 
 
 6937 
 5588 
 19228 
 10573 
 7914 
 7807 
 3710 
 
 20180 
 1 1 666 
 12052 
 
 7615 
 
 1 1492 
 
 4690 
 
 8176 
 
 6953 
 6825 
 8925 
 5361 
 
 16703 
 7216 
 
 11773 
 4415 
 
 851470 
 
 3039 
 7926 
 
 14433 
 4742 
 1849 
 
 5308 
 2578 
 6565 
 4431 
 2352 
 
 4481 
 
 4490 
 
 19547 
 
 3479 
 6153 
 3222 
 
 11728 
 4094 
 
 2131 
 
 7944 
 
 2610 
 
 14716 
 6972 
 6215 
 6659 
 1573 
 
 13631 
 2800 
 7221 
 5524 
 9303 
 4240 
 
 6739 
 4810 
 
 5133 
 7919 
 
 2514 
 10167 
 
 4457 
 4609 
 
 476183 
 
 1122 
 1990 
 6221 
 2125 
 
 i^) . 
 
 26 
 
 2000 
 
 2953 
 12714 
 
 1215 
 
 2396 
 3316 
 
 ^1310 
 4429 
 
 12960 
 32959 
 
 2972 
 
 7078 
 
 4716 
 3239 
 5836 
 2710 
 308 
 1675 
 2553 
 6091 
 
 1574^5 
 
 13550 
 
 *2I 
 I516 
 
 2610 
 
 3492 
 
 *5 
 5248 
 
 2362 
 
 1517 
 1114 
 
 4828 
 
 *49 
 55162 
 
PRODUCTIONS OF AGRICULTURE, STATE OF ILLINOIS, 
 
 BY COUNTIES.- 
 
 1870. 
 
 
 Improved 
 Land. 
 
 Number. 
 19.339.952 
 
 Woodl'nd 
 
 Other un- 
 improved 
 
 Spring 
 AVheat. 
 
 Bushels. 
 10.13:i.207 
 
 Winter 
 Wheat. 
 
 Rye. 
 
 Indian 
 Corn. 
 
 Oars. 
 
 COUNTIES, 
 Total 
 
 Nunibei . 
 5,061.578 
 
 Number. 
 1.491.331 
 
 Bushels. 
 19.99.5.198 
 
 Bushels. 
 3.456.578 
 
 Bushels. 
 129.921. 39f 
 
 Bushels. 
 
 13.780.851 
 
 
 287,926 
 
 13,836 
 145,045 
 137,307 
 
 57.062 
 398,611 
 
 37,684 
 186,864 
 
 92.903 
 419.368 
 241.472 
 118.594 
 146.922 
 150,177 
 208,337 
 348.824 
 105,505 
 
 75,342 
 334,502 
 168,539 
 147,633 
 164,874 
 265,458 
 
 58,912 
 120,343 
 187,196 
 141, 32H 
 
 80,749 
 238,132 
 
 49,572 
 175,408 
 193,999 
 
 88,996 
 311.517 
 
 28,117 
 140.954 
 265,904 
 322,510 
 
 78,548 
 
 90,867 
 118,951 
 
 94,147 
 156.517 
 
 57,820 
 240,120 
 312,18J 
 164.004 
 330.829 
 207.779 
 533.724 
 
 87.828 
 322,212 
 377,505 
 321,70Si 
 205,259 
 231,059 
 257,032 
 173.081 
 166,057 
 209,45:3 
 
 25,151 
 261,635 
 230.5tj6 
 494.978 
 134,17:J 
 222.809 
 
 93,810 
 276,682 
 29:i,450 
 144,220 
 316,883 
 170,729 
 
 9:^,754 
 
 94,454 
 233.785 
 
 55,980 
 
 19,319 
 
 37,271 
 140.764 
 
 75,079 
 155,214 
 
 72,309 
 421,748 
 
 96,195 
 
 85,;i31 
 310.179 
 138,129 
 231,117 
 254,857 
 229,126 
 
 7.5,8.32 
 360,251 
 
 54,063 
 266.187 
 177.593 
 147,353 
 
 93,398 
 289,809 
 419,443 
 138,448 
 341,373 
 225,504 
 
 112,576 
 17,761 
 42,613 
 29,886 
 35.491 
 41.866 
 63.443 
 29,793 
 33.493 
 16,789 
 19,803 
 
 102,201 
 80.612 
 48.868 
 45.214 
 19,635 
 78,350 
 40,334 
 17,733 
 29,548 
 11,897 
 17,243 
 66,803 
 57,585 
 56.330 
 93,460 
 2.996 
 3,994 
 
 123,823 
 68.750 
 9:3.242 
 6.356 
 9:i,878 
 43,385 
 44,771 
 34,705 
 12,630 
 22,478 
 87,642 
 67,023 
 94,888 
 ,51,427 
 83,07_t 
 
 34,646 
 10,978 
 14,244 
 41,566 
 21.072 
 48.117 
 72,738 
 12,071 
 12,462 
 17,394 
 18,153 
 81,224 
 89,450 
 61,579 
 28.261' 
 31.739 
 33,39b 
 52,54-, 
 53,29:i 
 40,36b 
 34.931 
 45,977 
 8:3,369 
 47,804 
 60,217 
 24,783 
 4;J,643 
 48,666 
 68,47ii 
 5,978 
 
 128,953 
 87,754 
 12,516 
 17,184 
 
 162,274 
 50,618 
 31.239 
 70.393 
 51,085 
 62,477 
 44,633 
 74.908 
 13,375 
 76,591 
 43.167 
 45.368 
 83,606 
 ,53,078 
 37,558 
 27,394 
 55,852 
 
 146,794 
 78,167 
 21.823 
 34,261 
 
 116,949 
 37,238 
 25,217 
 
 19.370 
 
 16.191 
 
 947.616 
 
 43,658 
 
 368.625 
 
 599 
 
 117.502 
 
 724 
 
 221,298 
 
 260 
 
 127,054 
 
 123,091 
 
 504,041 
 
 195,118 
 
 85,737 
 
 610,888 
 
 154,485 
 
 4,904 
 
 212.924 
 
 84,697 
 
 190 
 
 11,695 
 
 65,461 
 
 693 
 
 247.360 
 
 122,703 
 
 195.716 
 
 351,310 
 
 1,008 
 
 111.324 
 
 22:i.9:i0 
 
 8;J,093 
 
 577,400 
 
 150 
 
 92.347 
 
 232,7511 
 
 32,306 
 
 69,062 
 
 445 
 
 10,480 
 
 329.036 
 
 87.808 
 
 100.553 
 
 558,367 
 
 555 
 
 92.191 
 
 325 
 
 480 
 
 1,249 
 
 7,654 
 
 221 
 
 2,193 
 
 264,134 
 
 2.260 
 
 1,339 
 
 40.96B 
 
 196,613 
 
 861,39s 
 
 1,207,181 
 
 173,65^ 
 
 90(i 
 
 125,628 
 
 72,316 
 
 36,146 
 
 270 
 
 10,955 
 
 45.79:3 
 
 1:^20:^ 
 
 651,76'; 
 
 744,891 
 
 357,52:3 
 
 196,43b 
 
 5,580 
 
 31 84:3 
 
 35n,44b 
 
 39.762 
 
 1 057,497 
 
 70.457 
 
 44.922 
 
 796 
 
 1.031,022 
 
 150,268 
 
 2.279 
 
 83.011 
 
 247,658 
 
 165,724 
 
 266,105 
 
 452,015 
 
 1,562.621 
 
 2,118 
 
 72,410 
 
 180,231 
 
 249,558 
 
 202.201 
 
 5.712 
 
 672,486 
 
 164.689 
 
 184,3-'l 
 
 264 
 
 1,996 
 170,787 
 
 2,468 
 108,307 
 
 20,989 
 
 30 
 
 6,340 
 
 35,871 
 
 4,743 
 
 43,811 
 
 186 
 
 35.731 
 
 2.772 
 
 45.753 
 
 10,733 
 
 7,308 
 
 3.331 
 
 1.619 
 
 8,835 
 
 20,171 
 
 15,497 
 
 14,798 
 
 21,018 
 
 11 540 
 
 9,017 
 
 7.532 
 
 37.508 
 
 528 
 
 19,759 
 
 25,328 
 
 11,577 
 
 5,195 
 
 131,711 
 
 5U' 
 
 415 
 
 4,93( 
 
 11.672 
 
 133,533 
 
 865 
 
 96.430 
 
 35.76b 
 
 23,25!; 
 
 524 
 
 9.16f) 
 
 5,934 
 
 1,452,905 
 
 244,2-30 
 
 1.064.0.52 
 
 466.985 
 
 337.769 
 
 3,030.404 
 
 234,041 
 
 1,367 965 
 
 1.146.980 
 
 3.924.720 
 
 1,883.336 
 
 614.582 
 
 1.019.994 
 
 8i:i.257 
 
 2,13:^.111 
 
 570,427 
 
 581,964 
 
 403,075 
 
 1,023,849 
 
 1,311,635 
 
 1,680.335 
 
 331,981 
 
 2,107,615 
 
 353,371 
 
 620,347 
 
 962.525 
 
 565.671 
 
 653.209 
 
 1,508,763 
 
 509,491 
 
 1,051,313 
 
 295,971 
 
 735,25-.' 
 
 1,510.401 
 
 172.651 
 
 1,712,901 
 
 2,541.68:3 
 
 799,810 
 
 611,951 
 
 461,345 
 
 887,981 
 
 519,12(1 
 
 1,286,326 
 
 34:j,29t 
 
 674,33:- 
 
 637.39!- 
 
 681.26'; 
 
 2.708,31! 
 
 517.35;; 
 
 3,077,02^ 
 
 656,36; 
 
 l,656,97f 
 
 1,182,69( 
 
 4,221,641 
 
 2,214,46b 
 
 1,051,544 
 
 2.127.549 
 
 1,034,05'; 
 
 1,182,90:3 
 
 2.648,721 
 
 13:3,12b 
 
 1,362,491 
 
 1,145.00,0 
 
 3.723.37!. 
 
 1,973.881 
 
 2,054,962 
 
 543. 71 1- 
 
 l,527,89t- 
 
 3,198,835 
 
 1,753 141 
 
 1.787,066 
 
 969,224 
 
 384,446 
 
 1,039.725 
 
 1,:J99,188 
 
 315,958 
 
 195.735 
 
 334.259 
 
 510.080 
 
 482,594 
 
 1.459,65:3 
 
 ,531,51(1 
 
 4,388,763 
 
 440,975 
 
 75-3,771 
 
 2,082,578 
 
 1,149 878 
 
 l,43:i.l21 
 
 1.615,679 
 
 2.063,053 
 
 679,753 
 
 2,818,037 
 
 431,361 
 
 3,982,853 
 
 836,115 
 
 1,179,291 
 
 870.531 
 
 3,163,943 
 
 1,131,458 
 
 655.710 
 
 1,237,406 
 
 3,154,185 
 
 759,074 
 
 21,627 
 461,097 
 579,127 
 
 70,853 
 987,436 
 
 36.334 
 775,100 
 
 168,784 
 731,375 
 38;}, 821 
 313.628 
 269.945 
 446,324 
 315,954 
 1,584,225 
 136,255 
 171,880 
 1,087,074 
 216,756 
 225,074 
 860,809 
 290,679 
 139,152 
 386,073 
 497,395 
 154,589 
 222,436 
 361,390 
 
 37,164 
 
 64,029 
 369.333 
 203,464 
 579,599 
 
 26,991 
 229,286 
 668,367 
 430.746 
 149.931 
 149.214 
 285.949 
 
 71,770 
 874,016 
 
 74.525 
 785,608 
 772,408 
 468,890 
 787,952 
 699.069 
 1,509,643 
 131,386 
 903.197 
 659,300 
 490,336 
 454,648 
 459,417 
 475.352 
 389,446 
 36-3,604 
 372,660 
 
 22,097 
 280,717 
 910.397 
 911,127 
 23.5,091 
 452,889 
 152.251 
 668.424 
 198,724 
 26:3,992 
 141,540 
 334,893 
 338.760 
 130.610 
 161.419 
 
 67.886 
 
 16.511 
 
 86.519 
 414.487 
 204,634 
 276,575 
 
 69,793 
 397,718 
 119 359 
 
 13.463 
 637.812 
 316.736 
 476.851 
 960.630 
 505,841 
 124,473 
 436.051 
 110.793 
 601.054 
 533,398 
 404,482 
 119.653 
 880.838 
 1,868.683 
 180,986 
 868,903 
 744,581 
 
 
 15ond 
 
 1.915 
 
 2.658 
 
 25.608 
 
 15.803 
 
 2.754 
 
 33.:302 
 
 6,604 
 
 58,502 
 
 19,173 
 
 5,420 
 
 5,225 
 
 8,732 
 
 3.274 
 
 17.337 
 
 27,185 
 
 5,604 
 
 6,551 
 
 17.633 
 
 7,316 
 
 3.851 
 
 14,383 
 
 830 
 
 26,206 
 
 16.786 
 
 63.976 
 
 86.710 
 
 4.076 
 
 2.565 
 
 29.653 
 
 4,505 
 
 .3,343 
 
 18.480 
 
 107 
 
 14,243 
 
 31,459 
 
 63,498 
 
 5,991 
 
 13,251) 
 
 778 
 
 1,363 
 
 45,779 
 
 79,141 
 
 399 
 
 10,598 
 
 2,28:i 
 
 2,5,155 
 
 24,399 
 
 2,356 
 
 3.273 
 
 7,409 
 
 41,788 
 
 408 
 
 9, 1 1 5 
 
 7,343 
 
 13,675 
 
 4,142 
 
 2,976 
 
 31,013 
 
 30 
 
 14,035 
 
 57,998 
 
 49,087 
 
 1;1953 
 
 22,588 
 
 666 
 
 8,495 
 
 1.37<) 
 
 13,112 
 
 14,913 
 
 3.516 
 
 220 
 
 13,897 
 
 9,302 
 
 700 
 
 241,042 
 
 13,276 
 
 465,236 
 
 75 
 
 418,073 
 
 12,165 
 
 102.577 
 
 18,360 
 
 Boone 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Clay 
 
 1.894 
 
 500 
 
 2,651 
 
 144,296 
 
 60 
 
 550 
 
 398.059 
 
 106.493 
 
 7,683 
 
 106,096 
 
 13 283 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 DeKalb 
 
 DeWitt 
 
 
 DuPage 
 
 Kiltrar 
 
 Effingham, 
 
 77 
 
 Kord 
 
 42,571 
 
 365 
 
 193,669 
 
 Fultoii 
 
 
 Grundy.. 
 
 31,700 
 
 129 
 
 181,378 
 
 13 
 
 161,112 
 
 462,379 
 
 57,160 
 
 890 
 
 Haueock 
 
 Haidin 
 
 
 Iroquois 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Jersey 
 
 JoDaviess. . . 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Kane 
 
 ■282,758 
 
 7.185 
 
 2,46!- 
 
 2.3,618 
 
 13.93n 
 
 5.16; 
 
 11.3.54'; 
 
 5.871 
 
 48.30S 
 
 1,121 
 
 14,82!< 
 
 26,16: 
 
 37,232 
 
 29,23;, 
 
 2.40-1 
 
 3.68ri 
 
 V4,517 
 
 36,135 
 
 49,182 
 
 544 
 
 52.401 
 
 29.264 
 
 39.824 
 
 4,28;^ 
 
 40.77f- 
 
 1.42.0 
 
 3,29< 
 
 5,53,'- 
 
 6,670 
 
 157, .504 
 
 99,502 
 
 1,016 
 
 9,248 
 
 25,303 
 
 2,309 
 
 222 
 
 7.707 
 
 3,235 
 
 3,401 
 
 20,00:3 
 
 568 
 
 23.073 
 
 20,841 
 
 930 
 
 2:^686 
 
 30,534 
 
 1,008 
 
 135,362 
 
 59,027 
 
 1,737 
 
 52,476 
 
 188,826 
 103,466 
 90.681 
 267.764 
 168,914 
 271,181 
 
 Kendall 
 
 Knox 
 
 
 
 Lee. 
 
 450.79:3 
 
 120,206 
 
 198,056 
 
 55,239 
 
 160 
 
 55(1 
 
 Logan 
 
 Macon 
 
 Macoupin 
 
 Madison 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Mason 
 
 106,129 
 73,261 
 
 
 
 273,871 
 401.790 
 211,801 
 36,152 
 289.291 
 
 59 
 
 18.196 
 
 17,128 
 
 497,038 
 
 92,361 
 
 26,:V82 
 
 130 
 
 
 
 
 Mercer 
 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Moultrie 
 
 Ogle 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Perry 
 
 Piatt 
 
 Pike 
 
 Pope 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 
 
 Pulnani 
 
 4.174 
 1.170 
 3 035 
 
 20,755 
 809 
 
 19,933 
 
 21,294 
 1,610 
 9.314 
 2.783 
 2,016 
 
 13,701 
 
 14,846 
 5,:300 
 
 31,122 
 509 
 
 14,583 
 1.931 
 
 10,486 
 869 
 
 37,310 
 6,335 
 1,648 
 
 15,237 
 
 33.135 
 
 28.137 
 450 
 
 Randolph 
 
 
 Roclv Island 
 
 Saline 
 
 Sangamon 
 
 243,541 
 
 200 
 
 89,304 
 
 56.331 
 
 18 
 
 15,536 
 
 134,630 
 
 2,550 
 
 537,394 
 
 133,417 
 
 ■■■■44; 806 
 
 
 Scoic" 
 
 Shelby 
 
 Stark 
 
 St. Clair 
 
 Stephenson 
 
 
 Vermilion 
 
 AVabash 
 
 
 186,290 
 
 73.212 
 
 2.576 
 
 8,665 
 
 418 
 
 31,658 
 
 8,030 
 
 6.328 
 
 137.985 
 
 30.436 
 
 
 
 266 
 
 
 Wliile.-iides 
 
 Will 
 
 457,455 
 195,386 
 176 
 408,606 
 178,139 
 
 
 
 Woodford 
 
ROCKFORD 
 
History of Winnebago County. 
 
 In Janiiarv, A. D., 1818, the territorial legislature of Illinois petitioned 
 Congress for the admission of the territory into the Union as an indepen- 
 dent state. ISTathaniel Pope was the territorial delegate in Congress, at 
 that time. The petition was sent to him, and by him presented to Con- 
 gress. By reason of a pressure of other business, the petition was not 
 acted upon until the April following, when, with certain amendments pre- 
 pared by Mr. Pope, it became a law, and Illinois was declared an indepen- 
 dent state. The amendments proposed by Mr. Pope were: first, to extend 
 the northern boundary of the new state to the parallel of 42 degrees 30 
 minutes north latitude; and second, to apply the three per cent, fund, 
 arising from the sales of the public lands, to the encouragement of learning 
 instead of the making of roads leading to the state, as had been the practice 
 on the admission of Ohio and Indiana. These important changes, says 
 Ford's History of Illinois, were proposed and carried through both 
 houses of Congress by Mr. Pope, upon his own responsibility. The territo- 
 rial legislature had not petitioned for them, no one at that time having 
 suggested or requested the making of them, but they met the unqualified 
 approbation of the people of the state. 
 
 Under the ordinance of 1787, there were to be not less' than three, nor 
 mpre than five states erected out of the territory northwest of the Ohio 
 Eiver. The boundaries of these states were defined by that ordinance. 
 The three states of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois were to include the whole 
 territory, and were to be bounded by the British possessions on the north. 
 But Congress reserved the right, if they thereafter found it expedient, to 
 form one or two states in that part of the territory which lies north of an 
 east and west line drawn through the southern bend of Lake Michio-an. 
 "That line, it was generally supposed," continues Mr. Ford, "was to be'^the 
 north boundary of Illinois." Judge Pope, seeing that the port of Chicago was 
 north of that line, and that it would be excluded by it from the state, was 
 led to a critical examination ol the ordinance, which resulted in a clear 
 and satisfactory conviction that it was competent for Congress to extend the 
 boundaries of the new state as far north as they pleased, and found no dif- 
 ficulty in convincing others of the correctness of his views. 
 
 Under the same ordinance Congress was vested with the power, if they 
 should find it expedient, to establish a state north of Illinois, in that part of 
 the northwestern territory which lies north of the parallel running through 
 the southern bend of the lake. Under this provision, Wisco^nsin, at one 
 time, laid claim to a certain part of the northern section of Illinois, "includ- 
 ing " said Mr. Ford, at the date of his writing (1847), "fourteen counties, 
 embracing the richest and most po])ulous part of the state." 
 
 When Illinois was admitted into the Union in 1818, the whole people 
 numbered only about forty-five thousand souls. Of these, some two thou- 
 sand were the descendants of the old French settlers at Kaskaskia, Prairie 
 du Rocher, Prairie du Pont, Cahokia, Peoria and Chicago. These people 
 lived m the style of the French peasantry of two hundred years ago. They 
 
 13 
 
222 HlSTOllY OF WINNEBAGO COtJNTY. 
 
 had made no improvements in anything, nor had they adopted any of the 
 improvements made by others. The other forty-three thousand were made 
 up by people from Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, Virginia and 
 Pennsylvania. In that year (1818) the settled part of the state extended 
 a little north of Edwardsville and Alton; south, along the Mississij)pi to the 
 mouth of the Ohio; east, in the direction of Carlysle, in Clinton county, to 
 the Wabash, and down the Wabash and the Ohio to the confluence of the 
 Ohio with the Mississippi, where Cairo has since been built. But the 
 country included within these boundaries was not all occupied at that 
 time. Between the Kaskaskia Kiver and the Wabash, and between the 
 Kaskaskia and the Ohio there was a large wilderness that could not be trav- 
 ersed in less than three days. The entire northern part of the state was a 
 trackless prairie. But gradually the settlements extended northward. Year 
 by year immigration increased, but, as a rule, the early settlers selected 
 homes in the timbered districts, leaving the prairies as worthless for agri- 
 cultural uses, because of tlie scarcity of timber for fencing and other pur- 
 poses. Gradually, however, a change came over the minds of men in regard 
 to these things, and the prairies were sought after and put under cultiva- 
 tion; and as their easy subjection to farm tillage and rich returns came to 
 be known, their fame spread abroad, and Illinois began to be regarded as a 
 very Yaljparaiso.''' But with all their wealth and productiveness the 
 prairies of J^orthern Illinois remained comparatively unknown, and almost 
 entirely unoccupied by white men until after the close of the Blackhawk 
 Indian troubles, in 1832. 
 
 The first part of J^orthern Illinois to be permanently occupied by white 
 men, so far as any records can be found, seems to have been La Pointe 
 (now Galena). As to who made the first settlement the authorities diifer. 
 Ford's history ascribes that honor to Colonel James Johnson and a party of 
 miners, from Kentucky, who located there in 1824, and commenced mining 
 operations about one mile above the present site of the city. Another author- 
 ity gives the honor to Ira Barker, who went from Terre Haute, Indiana, with 
 an exploring party in the summer of 1824. This party made the entire 
 journey across the state without seeing a single white man or sleeping in a 
 house until they reached La Pointe, which, on their arrival, only boasted 
 three or four log huts. The same authority from which this information is 
 derived says that in the same summer three other men, Smith, Meeker and 
 Harris, also, arrived at the same place. La Pointe. Whatever the differ- 
 ences of opinion as to wlio were the first settlers there, all agree as to the 
 time — the summer of 1824. These men, it is fair to presume, were all min- 
 ing adventurers, and the extraordinary success that attended their ventures 
 induced a great rush there in 1825; while in 1826 and 1827 fortune hunters 
 poured in by thousands. In 1825 Galena was mapped out, and February 
 17, 1827, Jo Daviess county, extending across Rock River and embracing 
 the territory which is now comprised in nine counties, was erected. With 
 the exception of the Galena miners of 1824 and a few scattered fur traders, 
 there were no white settlers in all ol Northern Illinois at that time. 
 
 The men composing General Scott's army, in his campaign against the 
 Indians, were disbanded at Dixon, in the fall of 1832. During that cam- 
 paign they had traversed a large part of the country tributary to Rock River, 
 and observed its great natural beauty and fertility of soil, and upon their 
 
 *Spanisli for Vale of Paradise. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 223 
 
 return to their respective homes they carried with them such glowing 
 descriptions of tlie Winnebago country, that it were strange, indeed, if 
 if did not become to be regarded as an almost second Eden. 
 
 In 1833, the Fox River valleys began to settle up with immigrants 
 from the older states, and in 1834 and 1835 the prairies along Kock JKiver 
 and the Kishwaukee Creeks began to receive the advance guard of the 
 thousands of industrious and prosperous people that now dwell in their 
 midst. 
 
 The earliest permanent white settler in the territory now included in 
 Winnebago county, of whom there is any knowledge, was Stephen Mack. 
 His cabin was built in a grove about half a mile above the mouth of the 
 Pecatonica Kiver at a place that was subse(|ucntly called Bird's Grove. The 
 time of his coming and casting his lot with the Winnebagoes is not defi- 
 nitely known. INeither is there much known of his early life, or of the 
 motives that caused him to isolate himself from kindred, friends and his 
 own race. All that was ever known of this strange recluse is presented in 
 /the following sketch: 
 
 / Stephen Mack was born in Vermont. He was the son of a retired 
 army officer, who w^as largely engaged in the fur trade. After receiving a 
 good common school education, Stephen was entered as a student at Dart- 
 mouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire. From some cause, he could 
 not reconcile himself to the routine of college life, and, finally, abandoned 
 it without waiting for commencement day. His father, hoping to reclaim 
 him from the wild ^habits into which he had fallen, sent him out among the 
 Western Indians to buy furs. Whither he drifted, or how he was occupied 
 from the time he left parental guardianship until he came to the Rock River 
 country is left to the conjecture of the curious. Having mixed a great deal 
 with the Indians, gradually assimilating to their habits and customs, he at 
 last married an Indian woman named Ho-no-ne-gah, the daughter of an 
 Indian chief. The peculiar circumstances that led to this "match" are not 
 definitely stated — that it was not a love match is beyond doubt. Some 
 
 '■ authorities state that Ho-no-ne-gah once saved Mack's life, from the fury of 
 some Winnebagoes whom he had offended, and that out of gratitude he 
 offered Ho-no-ne-gah his hand, his heart and his fortune as a recompense. 
 Other authorities ascribe the marriage to selfishness and greed on Mack's 
 part, hoping thereby to become enriched by the possession of the lands Ho- 
 no-ne-gah would inherit from her father. Whatever the true cause, it is a 
 secret with the others of his life, both of which have passed beyond the 
 judgment of men. Of this marriage eight children were born — four girls 
 and four boys. Two of the boys were named Henry and William, The 
 names of the other two are not remembered, if ever known. The girls were 
 named Rosa, Mary, Louise and Caroline. In afteryears,when Rock Ford had 
 become Rockford, and a seminary had grown up with the city, Louise and 
 Mary were sent there to be learned in the ways of the whites, but their wild 
 natures were a proof against its civilizing influences, and finally followed 
 their people to their new reservation in Minnesota, where they still remained 
 at last authentic reports. Of the eight children born to Stephen Mack out 
 of his wedlock with an Indian wife, not one became a citizen of the common- 
 wealth of Illinois. Ho-no-ne-gah, the Indian mother of Mack's children, 
 died in 1847, and a year afterwards he married a white woman. This mar- 
 riage was an unfortunate alliance. The woman he chose for a second help- 
 mate was not as good as his squaw wife. She robbed him whenever occasion 
 
224 HiSTORr OF winnebago county. 
 
 offered, and, finally, set fire to their house while under the influence of opi- 
 um, to the use of which she was a great slave. A short time after this oc- 
 currence the life of Stephen Mack went out,and followed that of his Indian wife 
 into the spirit world, while his mortal remains were buried amid the trees and 
 flowers around the spot where his cabin had been reared, sometime about 
 the year 1829. 
 
 Those who knew the subject of the above sketch say that Stephen 
 Mack was di£:;nified and manly in his bearing, affable and pleasant in his 
 intercourse with his white neighbors, and particularly pleasant with those 
 with whom he had an intimate acquaintance. It is said that he hardly ever 
 used a profane word. Sometimes he would manifest religious inclinations, 
 and at one time hired a man named McDowell to come to his house, read the 
 Scriptures, and pray with his lamily. But this kind of devotion did not 
 last long. Mack was tall, and as erect as any of the Indians among whom 
 he dwelt, and possessing a good common education, and withal a close 
 reader — always keeping a good stock of books in his cabin — he might have 
 been a man among men, but he chose otherwise, -p 
 
 In the summer of 1&33, Mr. John Phelps, who died a few years ago 
 in Oregon, at the age of seventy-eight years, in company with a French- 
 man, started down the Pecatonica from Mineral Point, Wisconsin, on a 
 voyage of exploration or discovery. Their vessel was an ordinary canoe or 
 dug out, and the propelling power a paddle in the hands of Lewis Lemon, a 
 bov of color that Mr. Kent had brought from Alabama, and of whom we 
 will speak more in detail in another place. These men made a short stop 
 at the mouth of what was subsequently named Kent's creek, at the same 
 place where Messrs. Germanicus Kent and Thatcher Blake landed in the 
 late afternoon of an August day, 1834. Phelps and his companion du voy- 
 age were pleased with the location, and but for the seeming scarcity of 
 timber would have located here. But that objection overruled their other- 
 wise favorable impressions, and they passed on down the river and selected 
 claims at the site now occupied by the town of Oregon, thus leaving Rock- 
 ford to be founded by representatives from two extreme sections of the 
 country — Germanicus Kent, of the State of Alabama, and Thatcher Blake, 
 of the State of Maine. 
 
 In 1833, Mr. Kent with his family and his colored boy, Lewis Lemon, 
 came up to Galena, where his brother, Rev, Aratus Kent, a Presbyterian 
 clergyman, was located. Soon after his arrival there, Mr. Kent learned 
 from some of the soldiers that had been with Scott's army, of the exceeding 
 beauty of the Rock River country, and he determined to visit it at the 
 earliest opportunity. 
 
 In June, 1834, Thatcher Blake, who combined the qualifications of 
 school teacher and farmer, set out from his native county of Oxford, Maine, 
 to find fame and fortune in the "far west." As he had no settled point in 
 view, he traveled along from place to place, occasionally meeting a returned 
 soldier from the Blackhawk war, from whom he heard glowing accounts of 
 the Rock River country, and the immense and quickly acquired fortunes of 
 the Galena miners. More impressed with the advantages the valley offered 
 for farming than with the mineral resources of the Galena district, he 
 determined to visit this valley, and if he found the half said of its beauty 
 and wealth of soil to be true, to make it his home for life — a determination 
 he has so far carried out. The only railroad in those days between Illinois 
 and Maine, was the one from Albany to Troy, N. Y. The rest of Mr. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 225 
 
 Blake's trip was made by the New York and Erie Canal, to Buffalo, thence 
 by Other conveyance to Pittsburg; thence by steamboat down the Ohio to 
 tiie Mississippi, and up that river iiia St. Louis to G-alena. 
 
 Soon after his arrival at Galena, and expressing his purpose to visit 
 Rock river, he heard of Kent's purpose to make a similar trip, and he at 
 once sought that gentleman's presence, made his acquaintance, and together 
 they made arrangements for the prosecution of that tour of discovery that 
 not only resulted to their own advantage, but to the advantage of many 
 thousands of others. 
 
 They started from Galena in a "Democrat" wagon, passed up into 
 Wisconsin, and struck the Fecatonica about four miles from what was then 
 known as "Hamilton's Diggings," operated by a son of Alexander Hamil- 
 ton, who was killed in a duel with Aaron Burr. A man named Eansom had 
 settled on the Fecatonica at that point, and of him they purchased a canoe, 
 and made the balance of the trip by that means of conveyance. The first 
 halt they made was at Winnishick's village, where Freeport now is. There 
 Mr. Kent went ashore to examine the land, leaving Mr. Blake in charge of 
 the canoe, provisions, etc., and during his absence the Indians gathered 
 around in such numbers that Mr. Blake was obliged to lay oft" in the middle 
 of the stream to prevent them from plundering his " boat." Not exactly 
 suited with the " lay of the land" at that point, their journey was resumed 
 and continued until they glided into Rock river, upon whose silvery waters 
 they floated down to the mouth of the creek that was named in honor of 
 one of its discoverers, Germanicus Kent. Here they landed, late in the 
 afternoon of an August day, 1834. Drawing their canoe ashore, tired with 
 the fatigues of their long and tortuous journey, they soon disjjosed them- 
 selves to rest and slumber. On the morning of the morrow, after partaking 
 of a camp breakfast, they set about an examination of the surroundings, 
 and the impressions formed from reports of the beauty and fertility of the 
 country, were more than confirmed hj actual examination, and the conclu- 
 sions then reached were never afterwards changed. At the close of the day 
 they returned to their camp to partake of their evening meal and discuss 
 the situation. Blake had selected a site for a farm, and Kent had selected 
 a location for a saw mill on the little creek that now bears his name, a few 
 rods above its mouth, little dreaming that the building of a mill there 
 would be the nucleus around which would spring up one of the greatest 
 manufacturing centres in the western country. But such have been 
 the accomplishments of less than half a century. Another night's rest be- 
 neath the wide-spreading boughs and thick foliage of a friendly tree, an early 
 breakfast, and their camp equipage re-packed and transferred to their canoe, 
 and they again committed themselves to the current of Rock river, by 
 which they were borne down to Dixon. From Kent's creek to Dixon they 
 found no landmarks that pleased them so well as their discoveries here, and 
 at Dixon they gave up the hunt, disposed of their canoe, and made for 
 Galena, to perfect arrangements for the immediate occupancy and improve- 
 ment of their claims at the junction of Kent's creek with Rock river. 
 Wagons and teams were purchased, supplies laid in, and a gang of men 
 employed to build a dam, dig the race and prepare the timber for the saw 
 mill which Kent had determined to build. These preparations completed, 
 the return trip was commenced. The country was then known as Winne- 
 bago. There were no roads — not even an Indian trail — to guide them from 
 Galena directly to their new El Dorado. Their route was by way of the Galena 
 
226 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 and Dixon line of travel as far as Cliambers' Grove, from which point they 
 struck out on the open prairie in a northeast course, and in the evening of 
 the fourth day the pioneer cavalcade drew up and went into camp on the 
 site of their future operations, and a manufacturing city in 1877 of at least 
 15,000 population. 
 
 We have been somewhat minute and elaborate in these followinos of 
 the settlements and incidents pertinent to tlie earlier history of the Winne- 
 bago country, that its historical connections with the Present might l)e the 
 more fully defined and preserved. And having traced the origin and 
 history of the first settlement, in the fall of 183i, we come now to the 
 immediate history of Winnebago County, first presenting its Physical 
 Geography; second, its Geological Formations; and third, a brief reference 
 to its Indian Anticpiities, Mound Builders, etc. 
 
 PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 
 
 Winnebago County is bounded on the east by Boone County ; on the 
 south by Ogle County ; on the west by Stephenson County, and on the north 
 by the Wisconsin state line. It was organized by an act of the Legislature, 
 in January, A. I). 1S3<J, and derives its name from a tribe of Indians that 
 once included its territory in their hunting grounds. It is twenty-four 
 miles wide from east to west, and twenty-two miles long, on an average, 
 from north to south, and contains about 540 sections of land. The town- 
 ships as named are not all bounded by township fines, but in part by 
 streams and. imaginary lines, making the townships thus ditt'erent in size 
 and shape. Its general level is perhaps somewhat higher than that of 
 Stephenson Coun'ty, although we have no information of the actual figures. 
 The face of the country is high, dry, somewhat more sandy, rolling and 
 undulating than Stephenson. A considerable portion of the surface is 
 covered with timber of various qualities. In the northwestern part of the 
 county, along Sugar river and its tributaries, and along portions of the 
 north bank of the Pecatonica, there is much scattering timber and brush 
 land, interspersed with occasional swampy tracts. A few miles lielow 
 Rocklord, along the north bank of Rock river, and extending north and 
 west from the same, there is a tract of barrens covered with brushwood and 
 a rather light growth of white oak and black jack timber. In the south- 
 eastern portion of the county, along and near the Kishwaukee creeks, the 
 face of the country is rough, hilly, barren, brushy, and. covered with an 
 occasional growth of fair timber. The rest of the county is chiefly prairie, 
 interspersed with many beautiful but small groves. 
 
 It is well watered with many fine streams. Rock river enters it about 
 six miles from its northeast corner, at Beloit, runs nearly due south some 
 eighteen miles to Rockford, then bears ofi" gradually to the west and 
 enters Ogle County some fifteen miles south and west of this latter city. 
 This noble and beautiful stream, and its broad, rich valley, fill the mind of 
 the beholder with admiration. The waters of this stream are silvery and 
 clear, beyond any other river in the State; its bottom, for the most part, 
 rocky and sandy; its current, swift and strong; its flow and volume constant. 
 Heavy water powers at Beloit, Rockton, and Rockford, aflbrd splendid 
 manufacturing facilities; and all along the stream, every few miles, dams 
 might be constructed which would cause thousands of busy wheels to toil 
 in the service of man. At these three places scores of foundries, factories, 
 
HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 227 
 
 machine shops, manufacturing establisliments, paper mills, grain mills, and 
 other similar enterprises attest the capabilities and power of this mag- 
 iiilicent river. 
 
 The next stream in size is the Pecatonica river. It enters the county 
 on the west, some eight miles from its southwestern corner, and flows in a 
 general east and north course, about twenty miles, to near the town of 
 Rockton, where it mingles its turbid waters with the bright, flashing cur- 
 rent of Rock river. If possible, its course is more tortuous and its waters 
 more muddy in Wiimebago than in Stephenson county. Sugar river comes 
 in from the northwest and enters the Pecatonica near the village of Shir- 
 land. Both these streams have bottoms of rich, deep alluvium from one to 
 perhaps three miles wide. Neither of them aftbrd any water power. Both 
 of them, we believe, are dammed in the water mill sense of the term, but 
 such lazy rivers will never make whirling wheels hum the songs of busy labor. 
 The two branches of the Kishwaukee unite near the southeastei-n corner of 
 the county, and flow in a considerable stream, until their commingled waters 
 fall into Rock river, in the township of New Milford. Killbuck creek, 
 in the southeast, Kent creek coming in at Rockford, the Keunikinick creeks 
 in the neighborhood of Roscoe, and another considerable stream, a tribu- 
 tary of Sugar river, in the northwest, known as Coon creek, are the most 
 important of the smaller streams, and with their little feeding tributaries 
 atford plenty of water for agricultural purposes, together with a number of 
 light water powers. 
 
 Some of the Indian names of these streams have a very descriptive 
 significance. Pecatonica, as before mentioned, means "crooked stream " or 
 '•muddy waters," and so far as the steam is descriptive of the name, it ought 
 to mean them both. Sinissippi, the Indian name of Rock river, signifies 
 "rocky river." Kishwaukee means "clear waters" or "sycamore," a name 
 reasonably descriptive of the stream. Winnebago means the "fish eaters." 
 
 Taking, therefore, all things into consideration, Winnebago County is 
 hardly so good a county for agricultural purposes as its western neighbor, 
 Stephenson. The soil is hardly so fat; the amount of poor land is propor- 
 tionately greater. But taking into account its manufacturing interests and 
 facilities, the unexampled fertility and Rhine-like beauty of its Rock river 
 valley, and the enterprise and wealth of its grove-besprinkled city of Rock- 
 ford, it would puzzle a jury to decide which is the more desirable county. 
 
 GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS. 
 
 [Compiled from the State Geological Report of 1873, Vol. Y.,pp. 84-93.] 
 
 The geology of Winnebago County is of the simplest character. First, 
 there are the usual quaternary deposits, consisting of sand, clays, gravels, 
 boulders, subsoils and alluvium. After these, the three well-known divis- 
 ions of the Trenton limestone outcrop along the streams and hills, and 
 show themselves in the railroad cuts, wells and quarries in different parts of 
 the country. These are the Galena, Blue and Buff limestones of the West- 
 ern Geologists. A perpendicular section, as near as we can construct it, 
 exhibits tlie following strata: 
 
 Quaternary deposits. Average depth, about 15 feet. 
 
 Galena limestone .._96 " 
 
 Blue limestone 35 " 
 
 Buft' limestone --45 " 
 
228 
 
 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 The measurements of the limestones were made at actual worked out- 
 crops. At no place was the St. Peter's sandstone discovered, although it is 
 supposed that it comes well to the surface about Beloit and Rockton. No 
 remains of the Cincinnati group were discovered, althouirh the thick'ness of 
 the Galena indicated that patches of it might exist. The Trenton lime- 
 stones were the only ones exposed or dug into in the county. 
 
 SUKFACE GEOLOGY. 
 
 Alluvial Deposits. — The usual alluvial bottoms exist along the Rock, 
 Pecatonica, and Sugar rivers. These are from one to live miles in width. 
 On the two latter named streams, the deposit is deep, black, fat and rich, 
 supporting in places a heavy growth of timber, and, where cultivated, af- 
 fording the usual superior Indian corn land of flat river bottoms. The de- 
 posit along Rock river is not so rich, being composed of more sands and 
 clays, with occasional patches and strips of the fatter soils. 
 
 Loess.'^ — Some of the bluffs along Rock river are in part composed of 
 loess clays, in which no fluviatile shells were noticed. But this formation 
 was found to be of very limited extent. 
 
 The Drift Proper. — The drift, a subject of grave discussion among 
 scientists and geologists, is very largely developed in this county. It is 
 composed of loose detrital matter, often of considerable thickness, brought 
 from long distances and deposited over large areas of the county. The ma- 
 terials making up this loose mass were not derived, to any great extent, from 
 the underlying Trenton rocks, but came from the metamorphic regions of 
 the north. Whether brought by the currents and flow of the waters, or 
 transported adhering to the sides of the slow moving, pale green mountains, 
 the ice-bergs; or ground and pushed and moved along by creeping, all- 
 powerful glaciers, will, perhaps, never be positively known. All of these 
 causes may have contributed to these results, but the appearance of the 
 gravel beds themselves indicates the long continued action of water. This 
 is much more evident in Winnebago County, says the report, than in the 
 Stephenson county gravel beds. The railroad track from Peloit to Caledo- 
 nia, every few miles, cuts through the top of long, undulating swells of 
 land. These swells are pure, unmodifled, unstratitied drift. They are made 
 up of assorted and well rounded gravel of all sizes, from that of a pistol 
 bullet to that of a goose Q^'^^ intermingled with a white or yellowish-white 
 sand, and occasional small boulders, and are sometimes ten or fifteen feet in 
 thickness. All the railroads exhibit the same beds along their tracks, 
 though in a less prominent degree. Every township in the county has 
 more or less of these gravel beds, and their underlying associate deposits of 
 clay and sand. Along some of the prairies, and in the little streams, huge 
 boulders, the size of a hay-cock are sometimes found, partially sunk into 
 the soil by their great weight. Two of these particularly attracted the at- 
 tention of the State geologists. One was as black as night, but bisected 
 through the middle by a flame of flesh-colored granite three-fourths of an 
 inch in thickness. They once saw one ]»recisely like it, and evidently from 
 the same original locality, in Clark county, Missouri. The other was flame- 
 colored and planed smooth on two sides, nearly at right angles, evidently 
 by glacial action. These lost or transported rocks, the story of whose jour- 
 ney from the north is wrapped in deep mystei-y — clay and sand banks, with 
 faint lines of stratification in some instances, assorted gravel beds, nuggets 
 
 *Loess — To loosen, detach. A tertiary deposit on tlie banlis of the Rhine. 
 
mSTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 229 
 
 and boulders of copper, rounded to smoothness by erosion of the waters; 
 all these left in their present positions by the waves of the retirini^ seas, 
 slightly modified, in some cases, by subsequent agencies — make the study 
 of the drift in this country attractive, and are full of lessons of thought to 
 the contemplative mind. 
 
 THE TBENTON FOKMATION. 
 
 The Galena Limestone. — Two-thirds of Winnebago County is under- 
 laid by this rock. It is a heavy-bedded, yellowish, cream -colored dolomitic 
 limestone, compact, irregular, somewhat crystaline towai-ds the middle and 
 bottom strata, light-colored, porous, crumbling, and full of sand in little 
 cavities towards the top. In some localities the bottom layers pass gradu- 
 ally into the blue, shaley parts of the Blue division, so that it is difficult to 
 place the line of demarkation between the two. An imaginary line enter- 
 ing the county about the southeast corner of the township of Roscoe, drawn 
 thence in a southeast course until E.ock river is reached; thence in a slight 
 bend towards the northwest until within a short distance of the Pecatonica, 
 at a point about f mr miles above its mouth; thence meandering along the 
 Pecatonica from one to two miles south of the thread of that streamuntil 
 the western boundary line of the county is reached; thence starting south 
 and keeping around the boundary line to the place of beginning, and em- 
 bracing about two-thirds of the county, would indicate the superficial extent 
 of this division, to which might be added a narrow strip extending from the 
 village of Pecatonica up towards and nearly to the northwest corner of the 
 county. The most notable quarries and outcrops within these boi;ndaries 
 are the following: The first heavy outcrop of the Galena limestone is on 
 Rock river, about three miles above Rockford. A high bluff on the north 
 bank of the river presents a bold escarpment some seventy -five feet in height. 
 Here a large quarry has been opened. The stones are hard, compact, and 
 sub-crystal ine, and burn into the very best quick-lime. Large quantities of 
 this stone are transported down to Rockford and burned into lim.e at the New 
 York lime-kiln. The next heavy outcrops are found at Rockford. Along 
 the Prairie ridge, one mile east of Rockford, there is an exposure of about 
 forty feet in thickness, where a light-colored, whitish, friable stone is quar- 
 ried to a considerable extent. In a timbered ridge, about one mile north 
 of the fair grounds, there is another deposit of about ninety-six feet in 
 thickness, where the quarrymen have penetrated entirely through the 
 Galena limestone, and entered the Blue limestone below it. The line of 
 demarkation is strongly defined. Three miles below the city, in a bluff on the 
 west side of the river, is a worked out crop thirty-five feet thick. Still 
 farther down the river, and near the Ogle county line, is an exposure in the 
 timber, about six feet in depth. Thus the valley of Rock river, for two- 
 thirds of its extent in Winnebago County, is hollowed out of the Galena 
 limestone. 
 
 In all the cuts and excavations along the line of the Galena division of 
 the North- Western railroad, which enters the county near the village of 
 Pecatonica on the west, and leaves it on the east line, lead-bearing rocks are 
 shown. At Cherry Valley a heavy quarry of these cream -colored limestones 
 has been M^orked. The massive stone for the railroad bridge and piers at 
 this place, was taken from this quarry. From a crevice in this quarry 
 several nuggets of pure copjDer were taken, the larger of which were sold to 
 tmners, or found their way into eastern museums. Two and a half miles 
 
230 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 below Cherry Yalley, on the Kishwaukee, is another quarry, at which a 
 lime-ldhi has been operated. At Trink's quarry, a mile farther down, there 
 is an exposure of fifteen or twenty feet, from which many cords of stone 
 have been taken. 
 
 One of the heaviest outcrops is found a little east of the station of 
 Harlem, on the line of the railroad leadino^ from Rock ford to Caledonia. 
 The cut passes through a rocky hill, several hundred yards in length and 
 about eighty feet in depth at the comb of the elevation. The strata here 
 are massive and solid, and furnish splendid material for heavy masonry. 
 The top of the hill is covered with a fine, limey, white clay. Gravel and 
 boulders also abound in the neighborhood. About Winnebago, Argyle, and 
 along south of Harrison, are a number of light quarries worked into the 
 Galena. Without particularizing, says the report, all that part of the county 
 bounded by our imaginary line circumscribing the Galena, is nnderlaid, at 
 no great depth, by this famous lead-bearing rock. The only fossil found in 
 abundance is the characteristic Receptaculites sulcata. Quarrymen and 
 miners speak of it as the "honey-comb," "sunflower coral," or "lead fossil." 
 Specimens are numerous, but generally break to pieces before finding their 
 way into the cabinet, on account of the friable nature of the upper strata in 
 which they are mostly found. 
 
 The Blue Limestone. — The Blue limestone, or Trenton proper of the 
 older western geologists, next succeeds the Galena in the descending order. 
 It is largely developed in the northern and northwestern part of the county. 
 It is here a thin-bedded, bluish-gray limestone, calcareous, or with a lime 
 base — but some of the shaley partings have a clayey base. In the bottom 
 of the deeper quarries, a very blue stratum always exists. This is massive 
 and conchoidal or glassy in fracture, and in the mining region is known as 
 the "glass rock." A line drawn from a point in the western boundary line 
 of the county, some two or three miles north of where the Pecatonica river 
 enters it, along the north edge of the alluvial bottom of this stream to a 
 locality about midway between Shirland and Rockton; thence east of north 
 to the northern boundary line of the county; thence west round the county 
 line to the place of beginning, would bound the superficial area underlaid 
 by this deposit, except that the extreme western part occasionally shows 
 beds of passage into the overlying Galena, and except that a considerable 
 patch of the Blue rocks exist in the extreme northeastern part of the county. 
 
 The first and second railroad cuts east of Shirland, made by the West- 
 ern Union railroad in excavating for their track, afibrd the best exposure 
 examined for investigating the Blue limestones of the Trenton series. The 
 first is about eight hundred feet long and thirty feet deep; the second is 
 about four hundred and fifty feet long and fifteen feet deep. The rocks "are 
 of a whitish-gray color, with conchoidal fracture, becoming darker colored 
 as the lower strata of the quarries are reached. Further west, about Durant, 
 the stone shows a nearer aj^proximation, in lithological characters, to the 
 Galena. The elevations here are capped with the latter rock. The Sugar 
 river hills are rock-ribbed with the division of the Trenton. 
 
 The fossils noticed in the railroad cuts near Shirland are numerous, 
 but mostly small and fragmentary. Some of the thinner and more shaly 
 strata are covered with shells, fragments of trilobites, stems of the en- 
 crinites, and pieces of corals, so thick as to resemble masses of fossils 
 stuck together by some adhesive ]>aste. 
 
 The Buf Limestone. — This is an unevenly bedded, somewhat argilla- 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 231 
 
 ceons or clayey, dolomite. For the most part, it is of a light yellowish or 
 
 brownish color, shading into blue towards the bottom of the quarries. It 
 
 is not very homogeneous in composition or stratification, presenting in 
 
 some of its layers an earthy, and in some a cry stall ne, appearance. In 
 
 every outcrop worked to any considerable extent the lower layers become 
 
 quite massive, and of a dark blue color. When first removed from the 
 
 \ quarry, this blue stone presents a beautiful appearance, and no materials 
 
 I make handsomer mason work, but when exposed to the weather for some 
 
 ! length of time the dark, rich, blue color fades into dirty whitisii blue. It 
 
 makes a good building stone, but on account of its earthy base does not 
 
 iburn into good lime. But a limited portion of the county is underlaid by 
 
 this formation. 
 
 J^~'os&ils. — The characteristic fossils of the bufi* limestone, observed at 
 ;'Kockton,consist of fragments and indistinct traces of fucoids: '■^Cephalopoda, 
 lof the genus Ortlioceras, Cyrtoceras, and Lituites; Gasteropoda, of the genera 
 Pleurotoniaria and M'U7'('hisonla\ Bracldopoda, of the genera Orthis and 
 Strophomena,' Lamelllhranchiata, of the genera Tellinomya and Amhony- 
 •chia^' and zoophytes, or corals in fragments. 
 
 T\\& Pleurotomaria siibronica^Oncoceras pandion,Tellinomya cuneata, 
 . Ormoceras teiivijilum, Tellinomya ventrieosa, and species of Orthocera 
 and Amhonychia, are the fossils occurring in the greatest abundance. The 
 ;casts of some of these come out in great perfection. 
 
 1 *CEi'irAr-opoDA. — Having a head furnished with arms for feet, as the cuttle fish. It is 
 
 til snail shell and not a bivalve. 
 
 ' Orthocera. — Greek for straight horn ; is a segmented-chambered shell. 
 
 Cyrtoc'Era. — Greek for bent horn; same as above, only bent. 
 
 LiTuiTEs. — -Differs slightly from above in connection between segments. 
 
 Gasteropoda. — Greek for sto nach-footed, i. g., having feet on the arms about the 
 listomach, like the common snail. 
 
 [ Pleurotomaria. — -A species of the above, but with square outer surface to the whirls. 
 f MuRcnisoNiA. — A long steeple shell named from Sir R. I. Murchison, an eminent 
 {English geologist. 
 
 Brachiopoda. — Like an ordinary bivalve, in which the mouth of the animal faces the 
 fcorner of the shell ; Orthis family, a thin D-shaped bivalve ; Strophomena. a variety of the 
 iOi'this^ the difference being in the hinge. 
 
 ji Lamellibranchiata. — A laminated shell, the animal having a mantle reaching out to 
 .the edge of the shell, like an oyster. 
 
 Tellinomya. — A genus of marine bivalve. 
 
 Ambon YcniA. — A species of marine clam shells. 
 ' Oncoceras. — A species of Orthoceras. 
 
 ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY. 
 
 i: Building Stone. — Stone adapted to building purposes is plentiful. 
 ffhe quarries at Harlem and Cherry Yalley furnish excellent materials for 
 solid and massive masonry. Many of the private residences in Rockford. as 
 well as the public school building, are built from stone taken from the Hock- 
 ford quarry. These buildings present a rich cream colored appearance 
 SxA beauty that cannot be easily excelled. The general appearance is 
 (Superior to walls built up with the famous Milwaukee brick. 
 I The Butf and Blue limestone also furnish stone of good quahty for all 
 
 ttrdinary mason work. 
 LiiJie. — The Buif limestone of Rockton does not burn a good quick- 
 ime, but, if properly managed, would no doubt return a good lime for 
 |iydraulic uses. Some of the Blue limestone makes a fair quicklime, but 
 
232 HI8T0KY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 the Galena excels all others in the quality of this nseful material. It can 
 be obtained in inexhaustible quantities from convenient quarries. 
 
 Sands and Clays. — Sands tor all economical purposes are found almost 
 anywhere alon<^ the river banks or from thickly strewn drift deposits. 
 Clay for good common red brick is abundant in almost any of the under- 
 lying subsoils. 
 
 Mineral Wealth. — Of this the county possesses very little. Although 
 covered to so large an extent by the real lead-bearing rocks, no bodies of 
 mineral have ever been found in the county. Some traces of lead have 
 been found in many of the worked exposures, and bits of float mineral 
 are sometimes picked up in the gravel beds, but these are simply matters 
 of curiosity, and do not denote any workable deposits of lead ore. 
 
 Bog iron ore exists about many of the springs, but is worthless for eco- 
 nomical purposes. Copper in its pure state has often been met with, No 
 deposits of the metal exist. It is all float material, found in connection 
 with the drifts. The largest boulder or nugget ever found was by a rail- 
 road laborer in the southeast part of the county. Its weight was fourteen 
 pounds. Another nugget of several pounds' weight was found in digging 
 a well some thirty feet below the surface. While these are matters of 
 interesting speculation, they do not add much to the economical uses of the 
 county. 
 
 Peat. — The land is too well drained to afibrd favorat)le conditions for 
 the growth of this useful material. No beds of value have ever been found. 
 
 INDIAN ANTIQUITIES. 
 
 The Indian race is fast fading away before the resistless march of the 
 Anglo-Saxon race, and at his present rapid rate of decrease the Indian will 
 soon be a historic name. But he has left memorials which will last when 
 the proudest builded monuments of his all-conquering foes have crumbled 
 into oblivion. The geography and significance of our Indian names is a 
 wonderful subject. Flint arrow points and spear heads are frequently 
 picked up, while stone axes and smooth, oblong instruments, sharp at one 
 end, and used for skinning animals, are of not unfrequent finding. 
 
 The mound builders, whoever they were, once swarmed in the valleys 
 and woodlands, sat down upon every picturesque spot along the streams, 
 and left their mound-builded structures as memorial monuments of their 
 busy lives. These things do not belong to the geology of the county, and 
 are only introduced here because they are subjects of interest to thoughtful 
 men. 
 
 Three classes of these mounds have been noticed in this county — the 
 common round mound, from ten to fifteen feet in diameter, and from two 
 and a half to five feet high. There is a large group of them on the banks 
 of Kock Itiver, six or seven miles below Rockford. At many other places 
 along the river they exist in scattered groups. On the north bank of the 
 river, within the city limits of Rockford, several large ones are preserved 
 in private grounds. But by far the largest number of them are found on 
 the banks of the Kishwaukee, in the southeastern part of the county, near 
 the confluence of the two streams of that name. Scores of them are scat- 
 tered about there, and scores more have been nearly obliterated by the 
 sacriligious hand of the plowman. The older inhabitants recall many 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 233 
 
 occasions where bands of Indians, pilgrim-like, returned to these silent 
 mounds and held over them for days their mystic rites. 
 
 The oblong shaped mound is of much rarer occurrence. At the locality 
 in Rockford, already alluded to, there is a very remarkable one. It is one 
 hundred and thirty feet long, about twelve feet wide at the base, and three 
 or four feet high. Near by this one is a mound of the third class, or those 
 having a fanciful resemblance to some form of animal life. In Rockford 
 it is called the "Turtle Mound," but it resembles more an alligator with its 
 head cut oft' than it does a turtle. Its dimensions are: Whole length, one 
 hundred and fifty feet; width, opposite fore legs, fifty feet; width, opposite 
 hind legs, thirty-nine feet; length of tail, from point opposite hind legs to 
 end of tail, one hundred and ten feet; length from a point opposite hind to 
 a point opposite fore legs, thirty-three feet; distance from opposite fore 
 legs to where neck should begin, fifteen feet. The figure lies up and down 
 the river, on a line almost north and south, the tail extending northward. 
 The body rises into a mound as high as a standing man. The feet and tail 
 gradually extend into the greensward, growing less distinct and indefinable, 
 until they cannot be distinguished from the surrounding sod. The ef^^y, 
 w^hether of alligator, lizard, or turtle, seems to be headless, and no depres- 
 sion in the surrounding soil would indicate that the materials oiit of w^hich 
 it is constructed were obtained in its immediate vicinity. It is a curious 
 structure, and one would like to know its 
 true history as he looks upon its partially 
 defaced form. What were its uses, and 
 who builded its uncouth animal propor- 
 tions, may be better answered by the re- 
 searches of the antirpiarian than by the 
 geologist or historian. 
 
 In prosecuting a search in one of these 
 mounds for relics, August 12, 1874, Hi- 
 ram li. Enoch, Esq., Editor of the Rock- 
 ford Journal^ uncovered a gypsum tablet 
 bearing the inscriptions represented on 
 the subjoined engraving. 
 
 The tablet was about three-eighths of 
 an inch in thickness. The mound from 
 which it was taken was located six miles 
 below Rockford, and was about seven feet 
 in height. The tablet was found at the 
 bottom of the mound, on a level with the 
 surrounding claim. 
 
 The figures as represented on this cut ^ 
 are reversed from those on the "tablet." tl 
 They should change sides, yet face towards 
 the central fisrure as now. 
 
234 HisToiiY OF wInnebago county. 
 
 GENERAL HISTOEY. 
 
 We left Germanicus Kent and Thatcher Blake, the first permanent 
 settlers of Winnebago Conntj and the real founders of Kockford, together 
 with the few men who accompanied them, going into camp on Kent's 
 Creek, on their return from Galena with teams, supplies, etc., preparatory 
 to beginning improvements on the claims they had selected in August. 
 From this point we take up the text of the Past and Present of Winne- 
 bago County, and will seek to make it as detailed and accurate as accessible 
 data will permit. That some errors will occur in the dates and the names 
 of prominent characters in the county's history, cannot be denied, but 
 studious care will be taken to avoid as many such inaccuracies as possible. 
 
 The first work undertaken by these pioneers was the erection of a 
 cabin 12x14 feet, which was soon completed. The site selected for that 
 house was on the c-outh side of what are now the grounds of Mr. Robert H. 
 Tinker, on the north side of Kent's Creek, and only a few rods from what 
 is now Main street. Their rude cabin completed, preparations were under- 
 taken for the erection of the saw mill. The timber for this inill was taken 
 from the finest on the east side of the river on the grounds now occupied 
 by the Rockford Female Seminary. In November, after the timber for the 
 mill had been hewn out and hauled to the ground where it was to be 
 erected, Mr. Kent returned to Galena, where he remained during the winter, 
 making only one trip to the site of his new home towards spring to bring 
 down supplies. While the other men were hard at work on the mill, Mr. 
 Blake erected a cabin in the grove on the claim he had selected, in which 
 himself, Jefferson Garner, Squier Garner and Joseph Garner, the mill men, 
 spent the winter of 1834-5. 
 
 The next settler came in the early part of April, 1835. The first in- 
 timation the founders of RockforJ had of his coming was the sight of his 
 covered wagon on the east side of the river. The ice had not all gone out 
 of the river, but had become somewhat weakened by the mildness of 
 the weather. Messrs. Kent and Blake (Kent had just broudit down the 
 supplies spoken of above) crossed the river, and met Daniel Shaw Haight. 
 Accompanying Haight were two or three other men who were on an explor- 
 ing expedition. Haight selected a claim on the east side of the river, and 
 in a short time returned to Geneva for his wife and family. In May he 
 came back, bringing in addition to his wife and one child, his wife's sister, 
 a Miss Carey, and a hired man — Mrs. Haight and her sister being the first 
 white women to visit and become settlers at Rockford. For a time, and 
 until a cabin could be built, and this was delayed until Haight made a sec- 
 ond trip to Geneva to bring up the balance of their household goods, the 
 
 family ii\ed under the wide spreading boughs of a burr oak tree. Haight 
 was a native of Balton, Warren county, New York, from whence, a year or 
 two previous to his appearance on Rock River, he had moved to and 
 selected a claim in Kane county, near Geneva. He sold that claim to a 
 Mr. Harrington, father of Mr. Gus. Harrington, who, in after years, 
 became a noted Democratic politician. Haight's cabin was the first one 
 built on the east side of the river, and was a double cabin, that is, a cabin of 
 two rooms about the same size. It afterwards became a place ot note, serv- 
 ing in ,turn as hotel, meeting house, post ofiice, circuit court room, etc. 
 These first cabins were very primitive affairs, but the manner of their con- 
 
3 
 HISTOEY OS' WlJSl^EBAGO COUNtY. 235 
 
 struction has been so often described as to render an additional descrip- 
 tion superfluous. Suflice it to say, that Haight's cabin was made and fin- 
 ished without nails. Door hinges were made of wood; the floors of pun- 
 cheons, logs split in thicknesses of three or four inches, one side dressed 
 down'^vith a broad-ax, and the ends of the other side, where they wei-e to 
 reston. tlie sleepers, dressed down to a level in like manner. There were 
 no attempts at building frame houses until 1836, when Bundy and Goodhue 
 built a frame store house, on what is now lot one on block eight. The 
 floors were made from sawed lumber, the siding from split stult, and the 
 studding from small saplings hewed on either side. Thomas Lake and 
 Sidney Twogood were the carpenters. 
 
 Kent's mill enterprise met with its set-backs. Soon after they came in 
 the fall of 1834, they commenced to build the dam, but in January follow- 
 ing, when the ice was sixteen indies in thickness, a thaw came, the creek 
 began to rise, and, breaking over its icy barrier, the water rushed down in 
 one huge torrent and carried the dam away, together with huge pieces of 
 shelving rock that cropped out along the banks of the creek. Early in the 
 spring, workmen commenced digging the race, but the re-building of the 
 dam was not undertaken until in June, nor was the mill completed until 
 July. In the fall of 1834, Kent had commenced to build a good log house, 
 which was completed in the spring following, and into which his family 
 moved immediately on their arrival from Galena. Kent's claim embraced 
 a section of land including Mr. Tinder's estate, extending south as far as 
 Montague's addition ; on the west, it included the property of S. M. Cliurch, 
 and extended north to State street, the eastern line following the bank of 
 Rock river. The vast manufacturing establishments that follc>wed the 
 building of the Eock river dam, are located on a part of the Kent claim, 
 the ownership of which land, if now vested in one man, would be an im- 
 mense fortune. Blake's claim included the northwest quaj-ter of section 
 twenty, and the southwest quarter of section twenty-nine. The third claim 
 was made by Mr. Kent for an Englishman, named John Wood, a former 
 superintendent of the Bell Factory cotton and woolen mills, about nine 
 miles from Huntsville, Alabama, owned and operated by Messrs. Patton, 
 Donaghon & Co., of which firm Mr. Kent had been a member. This claim 
 was made in the fall of 1834, but Mr. Wood did not come to occupy it 
 until the spring of 1835. These claims were all located on the west side of 
 the river. James Boswell made the second claim on the east side of the 
 river soon after Haight's arrival. 
 
 In June, 1835, the Rockford settlement numbered only eleven persons. 
 The first religious services held at Rockford were at the house of Germani- 
 cus Kent, on the second Sunday of June, 1835, and were conducted by his 
 brother. Rev. Aratus Kent, of Galena. On that occasion every soul in 
 Rockford attended divine service. The audience was composed of Mrs. 
 Haight and Miss Carey, her sister, Mrs. Kent and Germanicus Kent, 
 Thatcher Blake, Albert Sanford, Daniel S. Haight and his hired man, and 
 Kent's mill-wright, a Mr. Yan Zandt. 
 
 The first claim tvas made here in 1834. During that winter and up to 
 the second Sunday in June following, the population numbered only eleven 
 persons, whose names we have just repeated. In the latter part of that year 
 an increase of the following names had been added: Ephraim Wyman, 
 Wm. E. Dunbar, John Yance, Eliphalet Gregory, P. P. Churchill, Mr. — 
 Smith, Lewis Haskins, Joseph Jolly, John Caton, Chas, Hall, Milton Kil- 
 
236 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUlSTTY. 
 
 burn, Luke Joslin, Israel Morrell, D. A. Spaulding, Lova Coy and Adam 
 Keith. There may have been some others, says the authority from which 
 we quote, that have been overlooked. These names increased the Rockford 
 population to twenty-seven adults, in the fall of 1835. But these were not 
 all that had come in and claimed an abiding place in what is now Winne- 
 bago County. Settlements had been commenced in different parts of the 
 county, and according to a speech delivered before the early settlers in 
 Rockford, in June, 1860, by Selden M. Church, there were the following 
 settlers in what are now the different townships, in the summer of 1835: 
 
 New Milford. — Samuel Brown, Wm. R. Wheeler, Richard Hoga- 
 boom, Phineas M. Johnson, John Adams, James Campbell, John B. Long, 
 and a Mr. Paddleford. 
 
 Guilford. — Henry Enoch, Wm. H. Enoch, J. A. Pike, Abraham L 
 Enoch, John Kelsoe, Mr. Rexford, Jas. Sayre, Abel C. Gleason. John Brink 
 and Wm. C. Blair. 
 
 Butler (now Cherry Valley). — Joseph P. Briggs. 
 
 Harlem. — Wm. Mead, Chauncy Mead and Zemri Butler. 
 
 Roscoe. — Robert J. Cross, Robert Logan, Elijah H. Brown and Wm. 
 Bray ton. 
 
 RocUon.—T\\o^. B. Talcott, Wm. Talcott, Henry Talcott, John F. 
 Thayre, Isaac Adams, Pearly P. Burnham, Darius Adams, David A. Blake, 
 Ellison Blake, John Kilgore and John Lovessee. 
 
 Oioen. — Jas. B. Lee and Richard M. Walker. 
 
 Burritt. — Isaac Hame, John S. Mcintosh, A. M. Shearman, John 
 Manchester and family, Elias Trask and Alva Trask. 
 
 Lysander (now Pecatonica). — Ephraim Sumner, Wm. Sumner, Mrs. 
 Dolly Guilford, Elijah Gurlford and Thos. Hame. 
 
 Elida (how Winnebago). — David A. Holt. 
 
 Howard (now Durand). — Harvey Lowe and Nelson Salisbury. These 
 parties made claims in 1835, but did not occupv them till the spring 
 of 1836. 
 
 Seward. — Thomas Williams, Joseph Yance, Austin Andrews and 
 Edmund Whittlesy. 
 
 Harrison. — Joseph Miner, Albert Fancher, Eli Burbank, and a Mr. 
 Barneby. 
 
 The names above given only represent the heads of families and un- 
 married men, making a total of 81, 
 
 In the fall of 1835 a rapid increase of immigration set in, which was 
 kept up from that time forward. In 1836-7, the increase was very large. 
 As each new comer was pleased or displeased with the country, so were their 
 friends in the old home influenced. But few were dissatisfied, however, and 
 their glowing letters descriptive of the beauty of the landscape, fertility of 
 the soil, etc., were only incentives to increased immigration. 
 
 In the summer and fall of 1835, the necessity for some kind of local gov- 
 ernment began to be agitated, and steps were taken to organize the county. 
 In January, 1836, an act was passed by the Legislature for the organization 
 of Winnebago, Kane and Ogle counties. That act defined the county lines 
 of Winnebago as follows: " Commencing at the southeast corner of town- 
 ship number forty-three, range number four, east of the third principal 
 meridian; thence west to said meridian; thence north, along a line of said 
 meridian, to the southeast corner of township number twenty-six, in range 
 number eleven, east of the fourth principal meridian; thence west to the 
 
S^""'"SC^.A 
 
 (deceased) 
 ROCKTON 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 239 
 
 dividing line between ranges numbers seven and eight; thence north along 
 said dividing line, to the northern boundary of the State; thence east along 
 said boundary line, to the northeast corner of range four, east of the third 
 principal meridian; thence south to the place of beginning." 
 
 As thus defined, "Winnebago included all of the present county of 
 Boone, and the two tier of townships on the western part of Stephenson 
 County. Boone was set off and erected into a separate county in the winter 
 of 1836-7, the first election being held on the first Monday of Maf, 1837. 
 Stephenson was created a year or two later. 
 
 The same act designated Robert Stephens and Rezin Zorley, of Cook 
 county, and John Phelps, of Jo. Daviess County, as commissioners to 
 " establish the permanent seat of justice of Winnebago County," and ap- 
 pointed the first Monday in May of the same year as the time, and the 
 house of Daniel S. Haight as the place, where they should meet preparatoi-y 
 to a discharge of their duties as such commissioners. 
 
 Section 8, of the same act, provided that, until public buildings should 
 bo erected, the courts should be held at the house of Germanicus Kent or 
 Daniel S. Ilaight, as the county commissioners should direct. 
 
 The law under which the county was organized required that there 
 should be three hundred and fifty legal voters before the county could hold 
 an election. Dr. Daniel H. Whitney undertook the task of census-taker, 
 and succeeded in obtaining the requisite nnmber of names, which evidence 
 was submitted to Hon. Thomas H. Ford, then Circuit Judge, who gave the 
 necessary order for the election. At that time, and from the adoption of 
 the constitution under which Illinois Territory had been admitted into the 
 union as a sovereign and independent state, the county and state elections 
 were held on the first Monday in August annually. Since then the time 
 has been changed to November. At the same time Judge Ford ordered the 
 election, he appointed Germanicus Kent, of Rockford, Joseph P. Griggs, of 
 Cherry Valley (then Butler precinct), and Robert J. Cross, of Roscoe, as 
 judges or inspectors of the election. 
 
 Notwithstanding the first Monday in May, 1836, had been appointed 
 bv Leo-islative enactment for the meeting; of the commissioners to locate 
 the county seat, they delayed meeting for the discharge of the trust re230sed 
 in them until the f )urteenth of July following. 
 
 In August, 1835, Nicholas Boilvin, of Chicago, aided by a Major 
 Campbell, (said to have been a resident of Ottawa) purchased of Catherine 
 Mayott, a woman of Indian extraction, her right to an unlocated section of 
 land, for the sum of eight hundred dollars. This land, as was shown by 
 subsequent events, belonged jointly to Nicholas Boilvin, a free trader, of 
 Chicago, Charles Reed, of Joliet, and Major Campbell. The instrument of 
 writing conveying this right of ownership from Catherine Mayott to the 
 parties above named was the first deed entered on record in Winnebago 
 County, and, as the land it conveyed entered largely into the early history 
 of the county, we copy it entire : 
 
 Know all men by these presents, that I, Catharine Mayott, of the town of Chicago, and 
 State of Illinois, for and in consideration of the sum of eight hundred dollars, to me in hand 
 , well and truly paid by my relative and friend, Nicholas Boilvin, of said Chicago, the receipt 
 whereof I hereb}- acknowledge, have granted, bargained, sold and conveyed, and by these 
 presents do grant, bargain, sell and convey unto the said Nicholas Boilvin, his heirs, execu- 
 tors and assigns, the unlocated section of land which was granted to me by the tiftli article 
 of the treaty between the United States and the Winnebago Nation of Indians, made and 
 concluded at Prairie du Chien, on the first day of August, in the year of our Lord one 
 
 14 
 
240 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 thousand eisjlit hundred and twenty-nine, (the other section granted to me having been sold 
 10 Henry Gratiot), toizelher with all the right, title, interest, claim and control which I, the 
 said Catharine Mayott, have, or may, or can have, by virtue of the treaty aforesaid. To have 
 and to hold to him, the said Nichohis Boilvin, his heirs, executors and assigns, to liis and 
 tiieir sole use and behoof forever. And furthermore, I, the said Catharine, for myself, my 
 heirs, executors and assigns, liereby covenant, promise and agree to and with the said Nich- 
 olas Boilvin, his heirs, executors and assigns, that all acts and doings in the premises which 
 have hitherto been done, or may yet be perl'ormed under ihe direction or authority of the 
 said Boilvin or his lawful agent," I will ratify and confirm; aud I herel)y bind myselt, my 
 heirs and executors, to the fultiUmenl of the contract between the said Boilvin and myself, 
 hereby granting and selhng unto tlie said Nicholas Boilvin all my right, title and interest 
 in and to the premises aforesaid, in as full, perfect and absolute a manner as it is possible to 
 be done, performed or executed. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my iiaud and seal, 
 at Chicago aforesaid, tiiis twenty-fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand 
 eight hundred and thirty-five. 
 
 her 
 Catharine x Mayott. [Seal.] 
 mark. 
 Signed, sealed and delivered in presence ot 
 
 G. W. Dole, 
 Thomas Hartzell, 
 Isaac Harmon. 
 
 State op Illinois, Cook Co. 
 This day came before me, Catharine Mayott, to me personally known as the real person 
 who executed the foregoing deed of conveyance; and then before me, after the sanie was 
 read, aud the contents thereof being fully explained to her, acknowledged that she hail 
 executed the same freely and voluntarily for the uses aud purposes therein contained, and 
 acknowledged herself satisfied with the consideration therein named and received thereof. 
 Given under my hand and seal this 25th day of August, A. D. 1835. 
 
 Isaac Harmon, J. P. [Seal.] 
 Recorded September 3d, 1835. 
 
 Recorder's Office, Cook Coltvtty, Illinois. 
 I, Richard J. Hamilton, Recorder of Cook County and State aforesaid, do hereby 
 certify that the within and foregoing deed of conveyance from Catharine Mayott to Nicholas 
 Boilvin is a true copy of the original as recorded in my ofiice, on the third day of September, 
 1835, in Book I, page 428. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal of 
 office, this 29th day'of August, 1836. 
 
 Ten years after the date of the certificate of the Recorder of Cook 
 County, the copy ot the deed certified to by him was entered for record in 
 Winnebago County, as the following endorsement certifies: 
 
 Filed September 7th, 184(J. Recorded and examined September 8th, 1836. 
 
 Daniel H. Whiti^tey, Eecorder Winnebago Co., Illinois. 
 
 With the warranty conveyed in this deed, Nicholas Boilvin claimed 
 section fourteen, township number forty-four north, range one east of the 
 third principal meridian, about two miles above the city of Rockford. 
 Soon after Boilvin made this selection, Mr. Charles Reed appeared as prin- 
 cipal manager, and a town was mapped out and named Winnebago. Reed's 
 purpose was to make this place the county seat, and so far as the action of 
 the gentlemen appointed by the Legislature to establish the "permanent 
 seat of justice for Winnebago County" was concerned — at least two of them, 
 Robert Stephens and Rezin Zorley (the third one, John Phelps, never 
 appearing) — he was successful. The time fixed by law for the discharge of 
 that duty, was the first Monday in May, 1836, or as soon thereafter as prac- 
 ticable; but the two commissioners named above (Stephens and Zorley) did 
 not appear at the place appointed for them to meet, until the fourteenth 
 day of July following. After being first duly sworn by James McKee, a 
 justice of the peace for Will County, they proceeded to discharge their 
 trust. On the sixteenth day of the same month, they reported that, "■bein^ 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 241 
 
 governed in the matter bj the best judgment they were able to form 
 respecting the same, they had determined on, fixed and selected, the follow- 
 ing place or location ibi* the permanent seat of justice lor Winnebago 
 County, to-wit: In section fourteen, township number forty-four north, 
 range one, east of the third principal meridian, at a point fourteen chains 
 south of the quarter-section corner, on the line dividing sections thirteen 
 and fourteen, and four chains west of said line, upon which point the stake 
 was struck, on the sixteenth day of July, A. D. 1836, on lands owned by 
 Nicholas Boilvin & Co., on the express condition that said Boilvin &, Co. 
 are to make a good warranty deed to said County of Winnebago, of thirty 
 acres, for the purpose of erecting public buildings for said County, so long 
 as it shall remain the permanent seat of justice for said County," etc. 
 
 This selection of a site for the "permanent seat of justice for Winne- 
 bago County," was not satisfactory to the people — at least to that portion 
 of them included among the friends of Kockford, and they were more 
 numerous than the friends of Winnebago, and it was intimated among a 
 good many of the settlers, that Reed had seen the commissioners before 
 they came to discharge their duty. However true this intimation may 
 have been, his seeing them and the honor of having secured their report 
 favorable to Winnebago, proved of little real value to him and his associates, 
 Messrs. Campbell and Boilvin, for the county business was never transacted 
 there. To quote the language of the surviving settlers of 1836, "they were 
 *bull-dozed' out of it." 
 
 The law providing for the organization of Winnebago County further 
 declared "that the said county seat should be located on lands belonging to the 
 United States, if a site for said county seat on such lands can be found eligible, 
 or upon lands claimed by citizens of said county; but if such location should 
 be made upon land claimed by any individual having title or pre-emption 
 right to the same, the claimant or proprietor upon whose claim or right of 
 pre-emption the said seat of justice might be located, should make a deed 
 in fee simple to any number of acres of said tract, not less than twenty, to 
 the said county; or in lieu thereof, such claimant or owner or owners of such 
 pre-emption right should donate to the said county at least three thousand 
 dollars, to be applied to building county buildings within one year after the 
 location of said county seat; and that the proceeds of such quarter section, 
 if the county seat should be located on government lands, or the proceeds 
 of such twenty acres of land, if it were located on pre-emption right of 
 individuals, or the said three thousand dollars, in case such pre-emption 
 right or owner or owners shall elect to pay that sum in lieu of the said 
 twenty acres, shall be appropriated to the erection of a sufficient court 
 house and jail." 
 
 Reed, for himself and associates, carried out in good faith, so far as 
 making and tendering a deed for the land (as specified in the bill under 
 which the county was organized) was concerned, to the county commission- 
 ers at their first meeting in August; but it was rejected in consequence of 
 the following objectionable clause: "To have and to hold (the said thirty 
 acres of land), with all the privileges and appurtenances thereunto belong- 
 ing, as long as the same shall remain as the permanent seat of justice lor 
 said county." 
 
 From the time the locating commissioners struck the stake desio-nating 
 the ground whereon the county seat should be located, Mr. Reed spared no 
 eftbrt to herald the advantages of Winnebago, and to improve the place by 
 
242 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 tlie erection of bnndino;s, etc. He at once built a two-story lionse, which 
 he used as a hotel and store. S. S. Richardson and Kingslej located there 
 and joined Reed in making- improvements. John Yance started a provision 
 store, and a son of Vulcan opened a blacksmith shop. With these build- 
 ings, seven dwelling houses, a free ferry, a lime kiln, etc., the opening of a 
 road through the timber east from Winnebago, to meet the state road from 
 Chicago to Galena, at Beaver creek, and sundry other local undertakings, 
 Winnebago really began to wear the appearance of thrift. No man knew 
 better than Reed that all these things were necessary to bolster up and sus- 
 tain the report of the commissioners. But other agencies were at M'ork, 
 which, in the end overcame all his aspirations and rendered useless his 
 expenditures of time and money to make Winnebago the "permanent seat 
 of justice for Winnebago County." This was the beginning of county seat 
 troubles, which continued until settled by the people on tlie iii st Monday in 
 May, 1839, of which farther mention will hereafter be made. 
 
 Although dissatisfied with the location of the county seat, there was 
 nothing left to the settlers, at least for the time, but submission; and the 
 first election having been set for the first Monday in August, and tlie time 
 being only a few days distant, the settlers turned their attention to the 
 selection of candidates to be voted for. Political considerations, from a par- 
 tizan standpoint, did not enter into the manipulations of that election, and 
 instead of calling a convention, as is done in these latter days, the honors 
 were divided between the voting settlers of the different sections of the 
 county, which at that time, and until May, 1837, included Boone county. 
 Besides a member of Congress and two members of the State Legislature to 
 be voted for, the following county officers were to be chosen: Three County 
 Commissioners, Recorder, Sheriff, County Surveyor and Coroner. The duty 
 of the commissioners of those days of the Past were the same as devolve 
 upon the supervisors, in these days of the Present. Upon them devolved 
 the duty of putting the count}' machinery in motion, and the future of the 
 county depended, in a great measure, upon their character and business 
 capacity, upon the same principle that 
 
 " Just as the twig is bent, the tree 's inclined." 
 
 Councils for deliberation and an interchange of views were held, and 
 the following division of honors agreed upon: 
 
 To Squaw Prairie (now Belvidere), were assigned two of the candidates 
 — commissioner and recorder; to Rockford, one commissioner and the can- 
 didate for sheriff, and to the north part of the county, the other candidate 
 for commissioner. In adjusting the distribution of the Rockford candidates 
 a dissension arose between the east and west parts of the town. Daniel S. 
 Haight, of the east side, had been named as the candidate for sheriff", 
 and his interests all being on that side of the river, and looking for- 
 ward to a final and permanent adjustment of the county seat question, 
 he was naturally desirous that the candidate for commissioner sliould 
 also be chosen from among the settlers of his bailiwick. Kent and his 
 west side friends were equally determijied in their adherence to the terms 
 of the treaty entered into for a fair and equal distribution of the offices 
 to the different sections of the county, and upon the eve of the election 
 advised Mr. Haight that unless he also adhered to the agreement that the 
 west side would select both the candidates for sheriff" and commissioner and 
 vote for and elect them. This argument convinced Haight of his error, and 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 243 
 
 William E. Dunbar was named as the candidate of the west siders for com- 
 missioner. 
 
 Elections in those days were not conducted as they now are. Written 
 or printed ballots were not then in use in Illinois, and hence citizens voted 
 viva voce. And without previous organization and without statutes to 
 guide them in their duties, it may be readily imagined that the first election 
 in Winnebago County was conducted without much form. Mr. H. R. 
 Enoch, editor of the Rocklbrd Journal^ in speaking of this election through 
 his paper, said: 
 
 "JSTeither one of the judges knew anything of the election laws of 
 Illinois, and not a statute was to be obtained in the county. Of the judges, 
 Mr. Kent knew something of the laws of Virginia and Alabama; Mr, 
 Robert J. Cross was familiar with those of Xew York and Michigan, and 
 Mr. Griggs with those of Ohio. D. A. Spaulding had some knowledge of 
 the laws of Illinois, so he was selected as one of the clerks, and intrusted 
 with the duty of making the poll books, and upon him devolved the honor 
 of principally conducting the first election in the county." 
 
 There were no "split tickets" at that election-^the settlers generally 
 voted straight, and there was not much difiiculty or confusion in making- 
 out the tally sheet. The poll l.'ook showed that 120 votes had been cast. 
 There being but one voting precinct in the county, the settlers from all 
 parts of the county voted here. The following names represent the voters 
 at that election : 
 
 David Caswell, George CasAvell, David Barnes, P. P. Burnham, Thomas 
 Crane, Milton S. Mason, Timothy Caswell, Thatcher Blake, Setli Scott, 
 Joshua Fawcett, John Barrett, Jeremiah Frame, John F. Thayer, William 
 Randall, John Welch, Joshua Cramer, John Slavins, David Blake, William 
 Barlow, Joseph B. Baker, Daniel Fairchild, Livingston Rubbins, Alfred 
 Shattuck, Alva Trask, William Smith, Ira Haskins, John Burts, Simon P. 
 Doty, Charles H. Payney^oyal Briggs, Solomon Watson, Abraham Wat- 
 son, Ralzimond Gardner, Mason Sherburne, John K. Towner, John G. 
 Lockridge, John Allen, John Lovesse, A. E. Courtright, Henry Enoch, 
 Ephraim Sumner, S. Brown, A. R. Dimmick, Samuel Hicks, H. M. Wat- 
 tles, T. R. J. English, Oliver Robbins, J. P. Griggs, Aaron Y. Taylor, Luke 
 Joslyn, Wm. Sumner, David D. Elliott, John Handy, Jacob Pettyjohn, 
 ■ Daniel S. Haight, Jacob Key t, John Lefonton, John Kelso, William R. 
 Wheeler, M. Ewing, Charles Works, Sidney Twogood, Phineas Churchill, 
 Thomas B. Talcott, Austin Andrews, Thomas Lake, Benjamin McConnell, 
 Benjamin DePue, Benjamin White, Lewis Ilarkins, Aaron B. Davis, Joel 
 Pike, R. M. Waller, Ji"ilius Trask, William Carey, Ephraim Wyman, P. D. 
 Taylor, Wm. Brayton, Israel Morrill, Harlyn Shattuck, David DeWitt, 
 James B. Young, Abel Thurston, John Kandler, John Adams, Milton Kil- 
 burn, Richard H. Enoch, Joseph Chadwick, Daniel Pi]:)er, John Hance, 
 Henry Enoch, Jr., Jacob Enoch, Peter Moore, Sylvester Sutton, Y. B. Rex- 
 ford, William G. Blair, Daniel H. Whitney, James Jackson, Isaac Adams, 
 Isaac Harrell, E. A. ]Srixon, John Wood, William Mead, Joseph Rodgers, 
 A. C. Gleasoti, Henry Hicks, John Brink, E. Gregory, L. C. Waher, James 
 Thomas, G. Kent, Chauncey Mead, George Randall, W. H. Talcott, Wil- 
 liam E. Dunbar, S. A. Lee, Charles Reed, Charles Sayres, Robt. J. Cross, 
 and D. A. Spaulding. 
 
 Of the above 120 voters at the first election in Winnebago County, 
 only fifteen are living at the date of this writing, Oct. 1, 18T7. Of these, 
 
244 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 Thatcher Blake, Ephraim Sumner, Charles Works, Phineas Churchill, 
 Thomas Lake, and Ephraim W^^man are living in E-ockford, or its immedi- 
 ate vicinity. Thomas B. Talcott, Isaac Adams of Rockton, and A. C. 
 Gleason live at Cherry A^alley; Simon P. Doty, at Belvidere; Harlyn Shat- 
 tuck, at Shattuck's Grove, Boone County (P. O. Belvidere); H. M. Wattles 
 (at last authentic account, one year ago), in Minnesota; W. R. Wheeler, 
 Colorado Springs, Colorado; R. M. Waller, Charles City, Iowa; Israel 
 Morrill, Minnesota; David Caswell, Iowa. 
 
 The following is the official report of the election above quoted : 
 
 For Mernher of Congress. — Wilham L. May had 73 votes; John T. 
 Stuart had 44 votes. Majority for May, 29. 
 
 For Representative to the State Legislature. — John Turner had 74 
 votes; Charles R. Bennett had 73 votes; Elijah Charles had 34 votes; James 
 Craig had 40, and L. H. Bo wen had 8 votes. 
 
 For Sheriff. — Daniel S. Haight had 83 votes; Henry Hicks had 31 
 votes. Majority for Haight, 52 votes. 
 
 For Coroner. — Eliphalet Gregory had 95 votes, and no opposition. 
 
 For County Commissioners. — Thomas B. Talcott had 83 votes; Simon 
 P. Doty had Q^ votes; William E. Dunbar had 60 votes; G. Kent had 35 
 votes ; Seth Scott had 46 votes ; Levi Moulthrop had 32 votes, and Isaiah 
 Courtright had 4 votes. Talcott, Doty and Dunbar were elected. 
 
 For County Surveyor. — D. A. Spaulding had 81 votes, and John 
 Kelso had 28 votes. Spaulding's majority, 53. 
 
 For Recorder. — Daniel H. Whitney had 72 votes; John E. Yance had 
 41 votes, and James Boswell had 1 vote. Whitney's majority, 30 votes. 
 
 The lirst Monday in August, 1836, was also the first day of the month. 
 On Wednesday, the third, the second day after their election, the commis- 
 sioners met at the house of Daniel S. H.-iight, on the east side of the river, 
 and, there being n(> Justice of the Peace nearer than Galena, Ottawa, Joliet 
 or Chicago, proceeded to administer the oath of office to each other. 
 
 [It may be well to state that previous to this organization all that part 
 of the country east of Rock River, including the present counties of Boone, 
 McHenry, DeKalb, and a part of Ogle, and probably a portion of some of 
 the others adjoining, was known as LaSalle County. All west of Rock River, 
 including the present counties of Jo Daviess, Carroll, Lee, and that part of 
 Ogle lying west of R(jck River, was known and recognized in the courts of 
 the state as Jo Daviess County, named in honor of Col. Jo Daviess, of 
 Kentucky, who bore a conspicuous part in the campaigns of Gen. Harrison 
 against the Indians.] 
 
 After subscribing to the oath of office, the commissioners proceeded to 
 the business of starting the machinery of the county. The first order 
 entered was one appointing Don Alonzo Spaulding as clerk of the Board. 
 The second order related to the division of the county into precincts, and 
 fixing a time for the election of Justices of the Peace, constables, etc. 
 Seven voting precincts were then established, as follows: 
 
 Yellow jRiver included townships 26-7, of ranges 8 and 9, east of the 
 fourth principal meridian, now the towns of Silver Creek, Ridott, Freeport, 
 Lancaster, and the south half of Rock River in Stephenson County. 
 
 Rock G^'ove included townships 28-9, in ranges 8, 9 and 10, east of the 
 third principal meridian, now the north half of Rock River, all of Buck 
 Eye, Rock Grove, and the east half of Oneco, in Stephenson County, and 
 Laona and Howard, in Winnebago. 
 
HISTOEY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 245 
 
 Peeketolika included townships 26, 7, range 11, east of the fourth 
 principal meridian, now known as Seward, Lysander and Burritt. 
 
 Kiswaukee included townships 4, 3, ranges 1 and 2, east of the third 
 principal meridian, now known as Cherry Yalley, New Milford, and part of 
 the town of Itockford. 
 
 Rochford included township 26, range 11, east of the fourth princi- 
 pal meridian, and township 44 and the south half of township 45, 
 ranges 1 and "A, east of the third principal meridian, now including the 
 towns of Winnebago, Guilford, the most of Rockford, and tlie south half 
 of Owen and Harlem. 
 
 Roch River included townships 28 and 29, range 11, east of the fourth 
 principal meridian, and the north half of township 45, range 1, and 
 all of township 46, ranges 1, 2 and 3, east of the third princi2:>al meridian, 
 now the towns of Shirland, Harrison, Rockton, Roscoe, the north half of 
 Owen and Harlem, in Winnebago County, and the town of Manchester in 
 Boone County, a strip of territory 24 miles long and from 6 to 12 in width, 
 and covering 6 townships of land. Immense as it was, it only polled 20 
 votes at the Presidential election, in November, 1836. 
 
 Belvidere included townships 43, 44, and 45, in ranges 3 and 4 east, 
 and township 46, range 4 east. This precinct embraced all the county of 
 Boone, exce]»t the town of Manchester, which was embraced in the Rock 
 River precinct, and although it covered an area of 252 square miles, it only 
 polled 23 votes in the Yan Buren and Harrison presidential campaign in 
 November, 1836. 
 
 The commissioners also entered an order fixing the time and places of 
 holding the election. The time fixed was the 2Tth of August; the ofiicers 
 to be elected were Justices of the Peace and constables. Judges or in- 
 spectors of election were also appointed. In only three of the precincts, 
 however, were elections held in August, as ordered by the commissioners — 
 Belvidere, Rock River, and Pecatonica. In Belvidere, John K. Towner and 
 John S. King were elected Justices of the Peace, and Abel Thurston and 
 Mason Sherburne, constables. 
 
 In Rock River, Sylvester Talcott and Robert J. Cross were elected 
 Justices, and John P. Parsons and D. A. Blake we^e elected constables. 
 
 In Pecatonica, Ephraim Sumner and Isaac Hance were chosen as 
 Justices, and William Sumner and Thomas Hance designated as constables. 
 The above named were the first civil ofiicers elected in the county. 
 At a subsequent meeting of the board of county commissioners, 
 anotlier election was ordered to be held in the precincts that failed to vote 
 in August. This second election was set for the 14th of October follow- 
 ing. At this date the following named settlers were selected as justices 
 and constables: 
 
 Rockford. — William E. Dunbar and Henry Hicks, justices; consta- 
 bles, none reported. 
 
 Yellow River. — Daniel W. Wootan and Seth Scott, justices; consta- 
 bles, William Baker and Hiram Walker. 
 
 KishiDaiLkee.-^\xAQi\x% M. Johnson and William R. Wheeler, justices; 
 constables, Wihiam Clark and William Randall. 
 
 Rock Grove. — Jonathan Carey and Orleans Daggett, justices; con- 
 stables, Josiah Blackmore and Jacob Stratton. 
 
 Some of the above named refused to qualify — among them Daniel W. 
 Wootan, of Yellow River precinct. His commission as justice of the peace 
 still remains among the files in the office of the county clerk. 
 
24:6 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 At this August session of the board of county commissioners, Robert 
 Stephens and Rezin Zorley, two of the commissioners appointed by the 
 Legislature to estabhsh the "permanent seat of justice of Winnebago 
 County," ajjpeared and presented their report, to which reference has 
 already been made. 
 
 Cliarles Reed next presented a deed from Nicholas Boilvin & Co., to 
 the County of Winnebago, for thirty acres of land at the town of Winne- 
 bago, for the use of the public buildings of the county, as required by the 
 act of the Legislature creating the county, establishing the county seat, etc. 
 This deed at the time was rejected, because it stipulated that the title 
 should remain vested in the county so lo7ig as the town of Winnebago 
 should remain as the "permanent seat of justice for said county. " Says 
 Mr. Hiram R. Enoch: 
 
 "The 'county seat question' had thus early entered into the politics of 
 the county, and, as it turned out, proved one of the most, if not the most 
 exciting question in the county for several years, being fruitful of numerous 
 exciting elections, and the means of producing many schisms between the 
 representatives of the rival towns." 
 
 At this same August meeting of the county commissioners, Robert J. 
 Cross, of Roscoe, was appointed county treasurer. Why the particular 
 necessity of the early appointment of this officer is not clearly defined, as 
 the amount of public money to be taken care of was exceedingly small, 
 as there had been no assessment or collection of taxes up to that time. 
 
 William E. Dunbar was appointed as agent of the county to carry the 
 returns of the election to Yandalia, then the capital of the State, procure 
 the commissions of the officers just elected, and, if possible, secure copies 
 of the State laws, etc. 
 
 The lirst claims ever entered of record as against the county, were 
 presented to this meeting of the board. Germanicus Kent, Robert J. 
 Cross and J. P. Griggs, as judges of election, and D. A. Spaulding and S. 
 A. Lee, as clerks, presented claims of one dollar each for their services at 
 the election held on the Monday previous. D. A. Spaulding was also 
 allowed Jjftf/ cents for stationery furnished for poll books. 
 
 As we have already stated, political prejudices did not disturb the con- 
 ditions of the first election, August 1, 1836. But when the county had 
 been fully organized and its machinery put in motion by the first board of 
 county commissioners, the settlers began to divide up — to define party 
 lines and to take sides accordingly. In 1836, John T. Stuart was the Whig 
 candidate for Congress, and came out 29 votes behiiul his Democratic com- 
 petitor. Tavo years later (in 1838) Mr. Stuart was again a candidate 
 against Stephen A. Douglas, when he received a majority of 93 in the 
 county; and in 1840, when General Harrison was the Whig candidate for 
 pi'esident — when the people went wild over "Tippecanoe and Tyler too," 
 Mr. Stuart was again a candidate, and this time received a majority in the 
 county of 270 over his Democratic competitor. These results showed a 
 steady Whig gain. Stuart was beaten in the district in 1830, by William 
 L. May, Democrat, but in the elections of 1838—10, he was elected by hand- 
 some majorities. The district at that time extended from the AVisconsin 
 state line on the north to a line below Springfield, extending across the 
 state from a point on the Indiana state line to the Mississippi river. There 
 are now twelve Congressional districts in the same territory. 
 
 At the presidential election in 1836, only 158 votes were polled in the 
 county, apportioned among the five precincts voting, as follows : 
 
:ji% 
 
 \ 
 
 H.WTalcott 
 
 (deceascd) 
 ROCKTON 
 
HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 249 
 
 Precincts. Dem. Whig. 
 
 Rockford ...34 19 
 
 Belvidere 13 10 
 
 Kisli Wiiukee 16 9 
 
 Rock River... 1 19 
 
 Yellow River , 34 13 
 
 88 70—158 
 
 This was an increase over the August election, of thirty-eio-ht votes, 
 out of which the Democrats had a majority of eighteen. 
 
 In 1840, when Boone County had been organized from a ])art of the 
 territory east of Rock river, and Stephenson County had absorbed two tiers 
 of townships from tlie western part of Winnebago, as originally erected, 
 leaving the county as now constituted, the vote was as follows: In August 
 the Whigs polled 637 votes, and the Democrats 285 votes, making a total 
 of 922 votes, and a Whig majority of 352. In November of the same 
 year, at the presidential election, the Whigs cast 789 votes, and the Demo- 
 'crats 321— total, 1,110. Whig majority 468. 
 
 Turning back to the action of the board of County Commissioners, we 
 find nothing of material importance to claim their attention for several 
 sessions. The most of their time was taken up in hearing petitions for 
 roads, appointing viewers, etc. The most important among their first 
 official actions at their first sessions in August, September and Decemlier, 
 1830, was the establishment of ferries at Rockford and Winnebago, and one 
 where the township line between townships 44 and 45 crosses Rock river. 
 The rates of toll established at these ferries was as follows : 
 
 For each carriage, wagon or cart drawn by two horses, oxen or mules 623^c. 
 
 For the same drawn by one horse - - 373^c. 
 
 For each additional horse 13)^c. 
 
 For man and horse 25c. 
 
 For each horse, mule or head of cattle 13 ^^c. 
 
 For hoLTS, sheep and goats, per score 50c. 
 
 For each footman 614^0. 
 
 The commissioners likewise established hotel rates in those days, and 
 in poring over the first record of their proceedings, from August 3, 1S3(), to 
 December 10, 1842 inclusive, and numbering 475 pages, we found the fol- 
 lowing table of rates licensed hotels were allowed to charge : 
 
 For victualing, per meal 37^c. 
 
 Lodging, per night 133^c. 
 
 Oats, per bushel $1.25. 
 
 Liquor, per glass 6)4^0. 
 
 Any charge above these rates marked a forfeiture of license. 
 
 Eleven months after the complete organization of the county, and the 
 election of the first board pf county officers in August, 1836, came the ''day 
 we celebrate," J"uly 4, A. D. 1837', and, as full of' patriotism as the people 
 within the shadows of Independence Hall, or Bunker Hill, the settlers 
 resolved to spare one day from tlieir farm-making and other business pur- 
 suits, and to join in such patriotic and social amusements as tlieir limited 
 advantages would permit. The programme consisted of an opening salute 
 by the Anvil Artillery, the raising of a liberty pole (hickory) in the rear of 
 what is now No. 310 State street. East Rockford, the reading of the Declara- 
 tion of Independence, by C. I. Horsman, an oration by John C. Kemble, 
 and a grand dinner, served up by Henry Thurston, in the frame ot the 
 Rockford House, which was roofed, and sided up as high as the windows. 
 
250 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 Temporary tables were put up, and the edibles were served on clean shin- 
 gles in lieu of plates. Beef was the staple, which was cooked, as the bill of 
 iare said, in various ways, and served cold. The speakins^ took place in 
 ITaio;ht's barn, which stood near the present corner of State and Ivish- 
 waukee streets. The bay of the barn was covered for the speakers, and tlje 
 threshing floor, which was a large one, having been built to thresh with 
 three horses abreast, was tilled up with benches for the audience. An old 
 settler, one who dined at the Rockford House on that day, a little over forty 
 vears ago, said of the dinner to the writer: " The fact was that the number 
 "to be cooked for was soniuch laiger than was anticipated, that the beef 
 could only be cooked in sulKcient quantities in one way. This was done by 
 Mrs. Thurston, who boiled the beef in a twelve-gallon, iron kettle, in the 
 yard in the rear of the house. Knives and fork's, as well as plates, were 
 "scarce, and each man ' went in with his own tools' whenever these useful 
 table appliances were lacking." 
 
 Tlie proceedings ot the day wound up with a grand ball at Haight's 
 yellow house, which stood opposite the Ilockford House, and which was 
 ready for plastering. Some sheeting was procured, which was used to par- 
 tition olf the ladies'" dressing room. Supper was provided by Mrs. Kil- 
 burn, of " Whig Hill," and a good one it was, says our informant. The 
 music was furnished by Jacob Miller, commonly called "old Jake." The 
 belle of the occasion became a grandmother several years ago. 
 
 Among the lirst settlers were a goodly number who, if not reared 
 within large cities, were at least raised near them, and, as a consequence, 
 had been accustomed to the amusements they furnished. The change from 
 these associations to the scenes of a wild, new country was attended with a 
 degree of lonesomeness, sometimes not calculated to make them feel at ease; 
 and to remove this kind of "dull care," something must be provided that 
 would shorten the long winter evenings. Among the most popular amuse- 
 ments provided was a "Mock Court, which is well remembered by many of 
 the survivors of 1836-7-8, as affording some remarkable scenes. Quoting 
 from a paper written by Hiram R. Enoch, Esq., we present a brief sketch 
 of this court and its characters : 
 
 " The sessions of the 'court' were held in ' Miller's store,' and the spec- 
 imens of lofty, spread-eagle eloquence made before that tribunal have sel- 
 dom been equalled. The decisions of the court were not always in strict 
 accordance with the law and evidence, but were rigidly enforced. Each 
 member of the court, as well as outsiders, had his particular souhriqxiet^ to 
 which he answered as readily as if addressed by his proper name. There 
 was 'old Haves, after the noted thief-catcher of that day in Kew York; 
 'Flint,' 'Gun Lock,' 'Tut,' 'Blower,' 'Brink,' 'S. C.,' 'Queen,' 'Old Frost,' 
 'Young Frost,' 'Big Frost,' 'Little Frost,' 'Red Frost,' and some others that 
 would not sound well in ears polite. 
 
 " Another popular summer institution was the ' Awkwark Squad.' 
 Some of the old settlers will remember the hearty laughs they had when, as 
 the squad were paraded in double column fn front of 'Sam Little's grocery,' 
 the 'Colonel' took 'S. C and 'Queen' from the ranks to 'mark time,' with 
 fre(|uent 'dressing of the ranks,' in front of 'Sam's bar to 'smile.' " 
 
 Close readers of history will remember that somewhere about 1830-1-2 
 an insurrection, reaching in magnitude a rebellion, occurred in Poland, 
 against the Russian Government; that the insurrection was speedily sup- 
 pressed, and its leaders or officers exiled. Out of sympathy for their condi- 
 
HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 251 
 
 tion, Congress, with a generosity, peculiar to a free people, made a grant of 
 western lands to them whereon they might settle as a colony. The terms 
 of tlie grant gave them permission to settle on any unclaimed Western 
 lands they might select. Accepting the grant, they sent an agent by the 
 name of (Jhlopicki, to make the selection, and, arriving in America about 
 the time the Winnebago country was the great centre of attraction, he came 
 to Winnebago County, and made a selection of thirty-six sections in the 
 present towns of Kockford, Owen and Rocktoji. Nearly all of this land, 
 iiowever, had been previously occupied by settlers, and hence this selection 
 was clearly in violation of the grant, lor it stipulated that the selection 
 could onlj^ be made from unoccupied lands. Chlopicki was informed that 
 his selection was in violation of the terms of the grant, and he agreed to 
 lay his claim elsewhere, but did not keep his word. This action on his part 
 led to an unpleasant and uneasy condition of affixirs that continued for sev- 
 eral years. The lands in this part of the Winnebago County belonged to 
 the Galena land district, and all outside of Rockford, Owen and Rockton 
 (in which were located the thirty-six sections in controversy) were opened 
 to sale an<l entry in the fall of 1S39, but these lands were withheld from sale 
 for nearly eight years after they had been surveyed and platted. In a com- 
 munication upon this subject, published in the Winnebago Forum, in 
 1843, William H, Halen, Esq., wrote as follows: 
 
 " These two townships (a portion of Rockton and Rockford) have been 
 witliheld from sale for a much greater length of time than is ordinarily 
 allowed to elapse after the land has been settled upon by permanent t)ccu- 
 pants. They were duly surveyed out and sub-divided into sections and 
 parts of sections, more than seven years ago, and in the regular course of 
 things should have been brought into market as early as 1838 or 1839. 
 This consummation, so desirable to two parties, namely, to the government 
 and the settlers — to the first that it might get its honest dues, and to the 
 second that they might secure a title to the property — was prevented at that 
 time by the intrusion of a third party. 
 
 " This unwelcome, unbidden third party was a self-constituted com- 
 mittee pretending to be the representatives of a company of Polish exiles, 
 sent over in two Austrian frigates. Congress had passed an act authoriz- 
 ing this company of exiles, upon certain terms and conditions, and in a cer- 
 tain manner in the act prescribed, to select for its members a quantity of 
 lands; and these pseudo agents or representatives, greedy for speculations 
 and attracted principally by their beauty and numerous natural advantages, 
 pounced upon these two townships like hawks upon their prey, regardless of 
 the rights of the settlers, although at that time they might have found 
 thousands of acres of lands unoccupied, unclaimed, and of as fine a quality 
 for farming purposes as need ever be sought on the earth's surface. A 
 minute history of this spurious claim might not, 23erhaps, be uninteresting 
 to such as are yet unacquainted with it, but I should deem it quite out of 
 place here, seeing that it is now numbered with the things that were, and 
 the time, the room and the inclination, and, above all, in this connection 
 the occasion for its details, are lacking. 
 
 " Suffice it to say, that after the settlers had, by their petitions for sev- 
 eral successive sessions, called the attention of Congress to the subject, an 
 act was passed and became a law on the lltli of April, 1842, removiiig the 
 incubus, and authorizing the entry of these lands in these two townships by 
 pre-emption, like other government lands. 
 
252 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 " In the midst of our rejoicings over the righteous result, let us not 
 lose sight of the important fact that our business might have been buried 
 beneath the mass of unfinished Congressional matters for years to come, 
 but for the kindness of the Hon. O. H. Smith, of Indiana, the Hon. Robt. 
 J. Walker, of Mississippi, and the Hon. Richard M. Young, of this State, 
 Senators in Congress, who, well informed of the facts in the case, and satis- 
 fied of the justice of our cause, most generously gave us the benefit of their 
 efficient aid, by which the affair was finally disposed of to the satisfaction ot 
 all parties, as well as ourselves, and ample provision was made for the bene- 
 fit of the real exiles from Poland, and these unfortunate and meritorious 
 countrymen of Kosciusko had no occasion to question the honor and good 
 faith of a government which some of the most illustrious patriots of Poland 
 had bled to establish." 
 
 Claim troubles were of frequent occurrence, and many of the original 
 or first claimants, after making their selections and returning for their fam- 
 ilies, were gieatly surprised on their return to settle on them to find them 
 in the possession of others. These second occupants were called "jumpers." 
 
 In the absence of those who had first selected them, these interlopers 
 would put up on the claim a hut or cabin, and maybe plow a furrow 
 around as much of the land as they desired, and assume to be "lord of all 
 they surveyed." Others who had made valuable selections, that is to say, 
 where they had selected claims in favorable locations — locations that were 
 likely from the growth of the country to become valuable in the future by 
 reason of their probable proximity to towns, public roads, etc., and who 
 remained on them, were often surprised on getting up in the morning, to 
 find that during the night another shanty or cabin had sprung up and was 
 occupying a place near their own. This new shanty would usually be occu- 
 pied by three or four men, friends of the "jumper," who had come to help 
 him hold his claim. The modus operandi of these men was to put their 
 10x12 shanty together at some convenient locality where lumber was within 
 easy reach, load it on a wagon at night, and transport it to their intended 
 site of occupancy, dump it down quietly, and by the "peep o' day" be ready 
 to maintain their claim by force of arms, in what they were pleased to c;ill 
 their ''castle." This course of procedure often resulted in severe and bitter 
 hand-to-hand fights among the parties, and finally grew so numerous that 
 arrangements had to be provided to protect the rightful claimants in the 
 maintenance of their claims. A "settlers' court" was organized, at which 
 all these cases were determined, each party stating his case to the court, 
 and the reasons for wishing to retain his claim. As a rule, the decisions ot 
 this court were in favor of the settler who had a family and intended to 
 become a permanent settler; and to the credit of both parties to these 
 claims controversies, be it said, the findings of the court were always 
 observed and can-ied out to the very letter, with but few very rare excep- 
 tions. When a disposition to treat the decisions of the court with contempt 
 did occur, the settlers were ready to turn out en masse to enforce the decree 
 of their court. No violence would be used, but the jumpers were given to 
 understand that the decisions of that court were law, and must be respected. 
 If they stood upon the order of their going, their shanties and all within 
 them would be loaded up on wagons or runners, and hauled some miles 
 away, with the assurance that harsher measures would be used in case of 
 another olfense of like character. 
 
 A short time before the land sales came on at Galena, in 1839, the 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY, 263 
 
 settlers were called tot^etlier in a public meeting at Rockford, for the pur- 
 pose of choosing a committee to attend at the sale and adjust and settle any 
 dispute or controversy that might arise in regard to claims, etc. Messrs. 
 Henry Enoch, Hayes and Jas. B. Martyn were chosen as such com- 
 mittee. They were duly sworn and directed to proceed to Galena and heep 
 open court every day during the continuance of the sales, or at least until 
 there was no longer occasion for such courts of adjustment. And, as we 
 are advised b}- a settler of that date who has lived to see the prairie wilder- 
 nesses of 1834-5 reduced to fields of agricultural beauty and productiveness, 
 that the adoption of such precautions was a wise measure, and that it 
 prevented a great deal of subsequent litigation. 
 
 LOCAL DISSENSIONS PAPER TOWNS WINNEBAGO — THE COUNTY SEAT 
 
 QUESTION SETTLED. 
 
 Another fruitful' source of local discord was the road question, and it 
 is a fact sustained by the records of the commissioners' court that the prin- 
 cipal business of that body for the tirst three or four years after the county 
 was organized and its machinery set in motion was confined to settling 
 these ugly neighborhood dissensions. Petitions and remonstrances were 
 received by the dozen at almost every session; viewers had to be appointed, 
 reports to be examined, and delegations received and their complaints 
 heard. All these things consumed time. 
 
 Every man occupying an "eligible" claim was possessed to a greater 
 or less degree with a town mania, and to further his schemes sought to 
 have all the roads of the country to center at his particular location, and as 
 a consequence a great deal of hard work had to be done by the parties 
 directly interested, and numerous towns, with "big sounding" names, in- 
 numerable streets, avenues, and parks, with no less pretentious designations, 
 were mapped out on paper, and heralded to the world as the great center of 
 the Winnebago country, and the future inland metropolis of the "great 
 West." But few of these towns, however, survived long. The places that 
 once knew them in name now know them no more, except as well-cultivated 
 productive farms. Some of these towns were conceived in a spirit of spec- 
 ulation that made some men almost wild with excitement. Lots sold at 
 wonderfully fabulous prices, and a great many men in distant states who 
 saw the towns on paper, but who never had set foot in the state, were in- 
 duced to invest money in "corner lots." They were made to see a great 
 future before these towns, and that future has grown wider and wider, while 
 the towns and the large returns they expected from their investments were 
 "long since buried within the rusty vaults of time. The resistless march of 
 improvement and enterprise swept on and over these paper cities, crushing 
 them down and out of sight, and almost out of memory. Permanent and 
 needed roads were established, and local demands and natural advantages 
 have made towns and villages, and mills, and other adjuncts and necessi- 
 ties of a better civilization and more enlightened intelligence to spring up 
 in localities but little dreamed of by the pioneer settlers of 1834. 
 
 Among the towns that once had an existence but now are not was the 
 town of Winnebago, to which reference has already been made as the point at 
 which the county seat was originally located. The site of that old town is 
 about two miles above State street, Rockford, and embraced an area of six 
 hundred and thirty-seven and seventy-eight-huudredths acres. This town 
 was laid out by Nicholas Boilvin & Co., Charles Reed and Major Camp- 
 
254: HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 bell being the "Co." The plat contained two hundred and fifty-seven 
 blocks, which were subdivided into two thousand, four hundred and thirty- 
 six lots. The refusal of the county officers to recognize it as the county 
 seat, a refusal in which they perseveringly persisted, lead to connty seat 
 troubles that were not settled until an act was passed by the legislature, and 
 approved March 2, 1839 (see laws of Illinois, 1838-9, page 264), providing 
 for the holding of a special connty seat election on the first Monday in May 
 following (1839). At that election, Rockford, Winnebago, Roscoe, Willow 
 Creek (Ilarlem Township), Pecatonica, and Scipio (also in Harlem Town- 
 ship), wen; aspirants for county seat honors. The following figures show 
 the number of votes cast for each town: JRockford, 320; Winnebago, 75; 
 Roscoe, 2 ; Willow Creek, 5 ; Pecatonica, 1 ; Scipio, 1 ; total votes cast, 404, 
 of which Kocktord had a majority over all of 236 votes. This election 
 settled for all time the county seat tronbles of Winnebago County, although 
 it left for many yenrs traces of ill-feeling between some of the settlers, 
 notwithstanding the victors treated the vanquished right royally the night 
 after the electi(Vn, at the Ilockford Honse, where each pledged the other in 
 Kentucky's best Bourbon to "let the dead past bury its dead," and to i^or- 
 ever ignore the' personal differences that had grown up out of the question 
 they had that day settled at the ballot box. 
 
 i^'rom that day Winnebago began to fall into decay. Some of the 
 houses that had been built there were pulled down, hauled to Rockford and 
 re-erected; others were removed elsewhere, and Boilvin & Co. saw their 
 cherished iiopes vanish into nothingness. Mr. Reed subseqnently moved to 
 Rockton, where he continued to reside until his death. The lots and blocks 
 into which the section of land had been divided in many instances became 
 delinquent for taxes and were sold at tax sale. Rockford has grown up 
 that way, and some of the residents occupy houses and homes on the south- 
 ern part of what was once Winnebago. Another part of it is an open com- 
 mon; a third part is cultivated by Mr. George S. Haskel, the world-renowned 
 seedsman, while a fourth part of it is included in the West Rockford 
 cemetery. 
 
 A few years ago, Mrs. Campbell, the widow of Major Campbell, one 
 of the original proprietors, by her attorney appeared in Rockford and put in 
 a claim for dower interest in this land. The facts upon which she based 
 her claim were these: Some time after Mr. CampbeU had become interested 
 in Winnebago, he took the benefit of the bankrupt law, and among other 
 aasignments made for the benefit of his creditors he assigned his interest 
 in tiie Winnebago property w'ithout the knowledge, consent, or signature of 
 his wife. After his death, and when legal luminaries had discovered that 
 no assignment of real estate was good in law without the wife joined in the 
 assignment, she sought to recover her dower interest here as above stated. 
 Some of the parties who had become owners of lots and grounds in Winne- 
 bago readily settled and paid over whatever price was agreed upon. Some 
 others, believing that possession covers nine points in law, presented a bold 
 front, "determined to hold the fort." To these, Mrs. Campbell's agent 
 proposed an appraisement of the property and a settlement on the basis of 
 five per cent, of whatever value might be established. Another part of the 
 occupants laughed the claim to scorn. As a town, Winnebago lost its pres- 
 tige, what little it had, when Rockford was voted the county seat by a 
 majority of 236 over all competitors, and little by little it passed into 
 oblivion, and there is nothing now but its name to mark its memory. , 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 255 
 
 FIRST CIRCUIT COURT JUDGE, JURY, ETC. 
 
 Notwithstanding the county was organized and the machinery put in 
 working order in August, 1S36, no circuit court was held in the county 
 until October, 1837. The sessions of the county commissioners had been 
 held at the house of Daniel S. Haiglit. The commissioners were vested 
 with power to designate the place where the sessions of the circuit court 
 should be held, and in consonance with that power they designated the 
 house of Mr. Haight. V>y this time, Mr. Haight had erected a more pre- 
 tentious structure than Ids first cabin, and had named it the Rockford 
 House, occupying it as a hotel. In this building, says Mr. J. H. Thurston, 
 the first session of the circuit court was held. The court convened October 
 6, 1837. Dan (not Daniel) Stone was judge and James H. Mitchell was 
 clerk. Judge Stone occupied one of the few chairs the house afibrded, 
 which was placed behind a table that occupied a central position in one end 
 of the room, and the clerk occupied another table and another one of the 
 few remaining chairs. The states attorney was not present, and Judge 
 Stone appointed Seth B. Farwell prosecutor pro tetn. The audience con- 
 tented themselves with seats on rude benches that were placed around the 
 sides of the room. The petit jurors in attendance at this term of court 
 were: Edward Gating, James B. Martyn, Joel Pike, William Pepper, 
 Richard Montague, Isaac N. Cunningham, Thatcher Blake, Henry Thurs- 
 ton, Charles I. Horsman, David Goodrich, James Jackson, and Cyrus 
 Jenks. Of these jurymen, only Thatcher Blake, Richard Montague, and 
 James B. Martyn are known to be still living, 'i'he first two named reside 
 in Rockford, and James B. Martyn at Belvidere, the owner and manager of 
 the Baltic Flouring Mills. 
 
 The compensation of jurors in those days was fixed at seventy-five 
 cents per day for each day's attendance, and payment made in county orders 
 worth only about forty cents on the dollar. 
 
 The first case called was S. Finley vs. David A. Blake. This case was 
 continued. The next was The People of the State of Illinois m. Isaac 
 Hance and Albert Hance, but no prosecuting witnesses appearing the case 
 was quashed. The case ot the People vs. Robert Mattox, charged with 
 assault with intent to kill, was also quashed. The most important case, 
 and one of two that went to a jury, was a suit over a claim between Samuel 
 Gregory and Thomas Lake. Aften a two days' session, the court adjourned 
 until the next term in course. 
 
 THE FIRST CRIME HORRIBLE DISCOVERY. 
 
 The first crime committed in the county after its settlement by white 
 men, dates back to 1835 — a year before the county was organized, and that 
 crime remains as much of a mystery in 1877 — forty-two years after it was 
 committed — as it was when first uncovered. It is at least one instance in 
 contradiction of the old saying that "murder will out." This mystery con- 
 sisted in the finding of the remains of a human body in the woods about 
 two and a half miles south of Rockford. The body was terribly mutilated 
 and in an advanced state of decomposition, but not so far decomposed as to 
 render its indentity, as those of a white man, obscure or doubtful. The 
 finding of these remains naturally excited the people and sowed the seed of 
 distrust. Up to that time nothing had ever transpired to shake their faith 
 in each other, but this was a mystery. Harmony and good will had always 
 
256 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 prevailed amoiig- the people from one end of the county to the other, and, 
 knowing each other as they imagined they did, it was impossible to fix the 
 crime upon any one. Says James P. Martyn, now of Belvidere, in speak- 
 ing ot this discovery to the writer : "The finding of this ghastly corpse in 
 the woods only two miles from Rockford upset the entire community. By 
 some, the murder was charged to a few scattering Indians that had been 
 roaming about tlie settlement. But this theory was not justified by the 
 status the Indians had maintained toward the whites, which had always 
 been friendly. Others were of the opinion that there was a Cain among 
 the pioneers of those days, but the general character sustained by the early 
 settlers bore down this opinion, and the more the matter was discussed, the 
 more hidden the murderer seemed to become. The general conclusion 
 reached, however, was that the poor fellow had been murdered for his claim, 
 and that, while his slayer was among the later comers to the settlement, 
 his crime had been so secretly and stealthily committed as to be past find- 
 ing out. Tiie remains were buried in the woods where they were found, 
 since when they have not been disturbed." 
 
 This first crime was also the first death in the county. The second 
 death w^as that of Sampson George, an Englishman, who came to the county 
 in September, 183(1, his death occurring about five weeks after his arrival. 
 A short time after arriving in the county, Mr. George purchased an 880 
 acre claim of Mr. Joshua Faucett, about one and a half miles southeast of 
 Rockford, where he was engaged in preparing and fitting up a cabin for 
 winter (juarters, when he fell a victim to sickness and disease which termin- 
 ated in death. 
 
 COUNTY OFFICES. FIRST LEVY OF TAXES. 
 
 For several years after the county was organized, the county business 
 w^as all transacted on the east side of the river, and on that side the first 
 court house, a small aifair, was built. It was located on the present site of 
 the American House. Besides serving as a court house, it was also used for 
 holding religious services, and during 1838-9, it was also used as a school 
 house, Mr. James M. Wight being the teacher, who also has the credit of 
 being the first male teacher in the county. This building was afterwards 
 used as a printing office, by Philander Knappen, who published a newspaper 
 known as the Rockford Star, a Democratic organ, in 1840, continuing it 
 for a little over a year, when he sold the establishment to John A. Brown, 
 who changed the name to the Rockford Pilot. This building was subse- 
 quently removed to the opposite side of the block (where it is still standing) 
 remodeled and converted into a dwelling house, and is designated as No. 
 114 North First street. 
 
 Resuming an examination of the old County Commissioners' record, 
 we find that the first order levying county taxes was made at the March 
 term ot 1837. That order was short, and was embraced in these two 
 paragraphs : 
 
 "Ordered that one-half per cent, taxes be levied on the following 
 property : 
 
 ''Town lots, horses and mares, meat cattle above three years old, watches, 
 carriages and wagons; and it is likewise ordered that one-fourth per cent, 
 be levied on stock in trade." 
 
 The sum total of the assessment under this order was $562. 59|^. Of 
 this sum, $298.29^ was assessed against personal property ; $264.30 against 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 259 
 
 town lots in Winnebago, owned by non-residents. At that date, lands were 
 not taxable — the lands not yet having come into market. Under the old 
 constitution and laws, assessments were made by county treasurers, and the 
 taxes collected by sheriffs. As previously noted, Mr. li. J. Cross had been 
 appointed county treasurer in the fall of 1S36, and it took him only fifteen 
 days to complete the first assessment made in the county, for which service 
 he was allowed the sum of $30.00, or $2.00 per day. He was also allowed 
 the further sum of $9.28 for receiving and disbursing the taxes when col- 
 lected, that being two per cent, on the amount collected — about $464.00. 
 
 SURVEY OF PUBLIC LANDS. LAND SALES. 
 
 The survey of the public lands in Winnebago County was not com- 
 menced until the fall of 1836, after the first county election in August. 
 Don Alonzo Spaulding was the surveyor, and among his assistants was C. 
 B. Farwell who has since represented one of the Chicago districts in Con- 
 gress. The lands did not come into market until the fall of 1839, and for 
 three years after were exempt from taxation, so that it was not until 1842-3 
 that any county revenue was derived from that source. All revenue neces- 
 sary to defray the expenses of the county until the lands became taxable 
 was raised from taxes assessed against personal property. 
 
 The opening of the lands to sale and entry was an interesting era to 
 the settlers of Winnebago County. Many of them had got their farms well 
 under way, and had raised a sufiicient surplus to enable them to be pre- 
 pared to secure their homes when the sale commenced. Others had enough 
 hoarded up from other sources when they first settled on their claims, but a 
 few were so unfortunate as to be dependent on a certain class of men who 
 are always around at such times, anxious to befriend the needy, provided 
 they can make a nice thing out of it for themselves. 
 
 The years 1837-8-9, up to the o])ening of the land sales at Galena, in 
 October of the last named year, were not marked by any events of extraor- 
 dinary interest. For the most part, the settlers were an honest, upright 
 and industrious people as individuals, and correspondingly so as a com- 
 munity. Secure in possession of their homes by a guaranty from "Uncle 
 Sam," new plans were marked out and new enterj^rises undertaken, that, in 
 a large majority of cases, were successfully carried out. Public and private 
 economy seem to have been well studied ; and public and private business 
 so carefully managed from the beginning that Winnebago County and 
 Winnebago people have come to enjoy an enviable character, both at home 
 and abroad. 
 
 EAKLY POLITICS INCIDENTS, ETC. 
 
 Until the opening of the ever memorable campaign of 1840, there was 
 but little to disturb the "even tenor of the ways" and pursuits of the people, 
 or to distract their attention from the industries in which they were en- 
 gaged. But the enthusiasm of that campaign reached the uttermost parts 
 of the country, and the excitement ran as high in the Winnebago country 
 as it did among the people in the immediate vicinity of the Tippecanoe 
 battle ground in the Wabash (Indiana) country, or among the neighbors of 
 General Harrison (the political idol of the Whig party), in his North Bend 
 home, in Hamilton County, Ohio. That was the "Log Cabin," "Coon 
 Skin," and "Hard Cider" campaign, and the campaign whicli, in a measure, 
 was the origin of the large political meetings that have since marked our 
 
 15 
 
260 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 presidential campaii^iis, and rendered them important eras in the history of 
 our national politics. In that campaign, large delegations, headed by bands 
 of music, and log cabins built on wheels, sometimes drawn by four horses, 
 and sometimes by several yokes of oxen, would travel scores of miles to 
 participate in \Yhig- meetings and listen to Whig gospel as it fell from the 
 lips of Whig orators. Following the log cabins there would sometimes be 
 a huge canoe, long enough and wide enough to seat fifty men, all of whom 
 would wear coon skin caps, and maybe support on their right shoulders a 
 miniature cabin built of hazel or willow twigs. General Harrison had 
 made the race against Van Buren in 1836, but was defeated. He was 
 again nominated by the Whigs in 1840, and Van Buren by the Democrats. 
 From the time these nominations were made until the day of the election 
 in [N^ovember, the excitement ran high and both parties were on the alert 
 for every possible ad\'antage. One of the leading arguments ot the Whigs 
 in that campaign was that Van Buren's re-election would be the signal for 
 a reduction in the price of all American commodities, the ruin of industrj^ 
 and the destruction of labor. Whig newspapers in those days contained 
 advertisements something like the following : 
 
 The subscriber will pay six dollars per barrel for flour if Harrison is elected, and 
 three dollars if Van Buren is. 
 
 The subscriber will pay five dollars per hundred weight for pork if Harrison is 
 elected, and two dollars and a half if Van Buren is. 
 
 Winnebago County had started out as a Whig County, and when the 
 campaign of 1840 opened, the Whig voters entered fully into the spirit that 
 had been awakened in the older states, and the symbols of the Whig party 
 — log cabins, coon skins, hard cider and canoes — were readily adopted as 
 peculiarly symbolic of the condition of the country. Public meetino;s were 
 appointed, hard cider was drunk. Whig songs were sung in unison with 
 fifes, drums and fiddles, speeches were made botli by day and by night, and 
 thus the campaign went on. 
 
 Up to this time, the Democrats had always carried the state, and it was 
 determined by the Whigs that a political regeneration must be secured; 
 and to aid in this undertaking, it was determined by the local Whig leaders 
 to get up a rousing rally at Rockford. The meeting was called, and the re- 
 sponse was most gratifying. H. B. Potter was marshal of the day, and as 
 delegations from difierent parts of Winnebago and adjoining counties ap- 
 proached the embryo city, they were met by the marshal, his aids, and por- 
 tions, at least, of such dele^tions as had already arrived, and the band — an 
 E bugle played by Sam Parker, and a clarionet manipulated by another 
 musical genius, whose name we have forgotten. Neither one of the mem- 
 bers of this ''band" knew anything of music, and consequently could not 
 "keep time" or play in unison, so they concluded to play separately. The 
 effect of this double solo may be imagined, but is not easily described; but 
 headed by' this band, the delegations were marched into town. Men, women 
 and children took part in this meeting, which was addressed by Hon. Edw, 
 Baker (who subseij^uently became a general in the union army), Jacob B. 
 Miller and others. 
 
 During this campaign, a number of incidents occurred in Pockford, 
 the mention of which awakens recollections of olden times. Among these 
 is the following: 
 
 The AVliigs had selected a log cabin on the corner of South Main and 
 State streets, east side, and surmounted it with the tallest pole that could be 
 
HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 261 
 
 found in the woods. Cords and pulleys were attached, and all was left in 
 readiness to run up the stars and stripes. The night before the meeting 
 for which these preparations were made, the Democrats conceived the idea 
 of playing a trick on their Whig neighbors, and at once put it into eiiect. 
 To a red flannel skirl (which was claimed by the Democrats to be suggestive 
 of some little difficulty in which General Harrison was the chief actor) 
 they attached the cord and running it up to the top of the pole, cut 
 the cord so high that it could not be taken down. But the anticipated effect 
 of this intended joke was lost, for the Whigs were not disconcerted by it in 
 the least, but calmly said to the perpetrators, "'if that is your flag, gentle- 
 men, you are welcome to it." To the credit of the more thoughtful of the 
 Democrats, like Haight, Knappen and others, they condemned the act as 
 unworthy of good Democrats, and washed their hands of the affair in an 
 extra edition of the Stm' (Knappen's paper), which was freely circulated at 
 the Whig meeting. 
 
 The most active Whig speakers of those days were M. P. Sweet, of 
 Freeport, Jacob B. Miller, and the present Judge Drummond, who was at 
 that time a young lawyer practicing at the Rockford bar, and Judge Selden 
 M. Church, who still lives at Kockford. The Democrats were locally rep- 
 resented by Thompson Campbell, Jason Marsh, Daniel S. Haight, and P. 
 Knappen, editor of the Star. 
 
 In 1840 the Winnebago prairies, hill tops and river valleys seemed to 
 be alive with Whigs', and Democracy was on the decline. This condition ot 
 the political pulse alarmed the Democrats and nerved them to action. A 
 great Democratic meeting was called, and preparations made on an elaborate 
 scale for the diffusion of Democratic truths. The enemy must be assaulted 
 and the Whig ari'.iy routed, horse, foot and dragoon. To this end, the big- 
 gest guns of the party were engaged to be present and belch forth Demo- 
 cratic thunder. Huge posters were procured and spread broadcast, 
 announcing in heavy lines and flaming colors the. names of the speakers and 
 a brief outline of the programme. Among the speakers was John^ — -Long 
 John — Wentworth, of Chicago, then a Democrat in good standing, of 
 whom, on this occasion, the following joke is told: 
 
 Some days before the great Democratic rally was to take place, the 
 towering form of Mr. Wentworth loomed up in the midst of the Pock- 
 fordites, by whom he was looked ti'p to as the great political Moses who 
 was to deliver the Democracy from the toils the Whigs were spreading 
 around them. The day before that set for the meeting, Mr. Wentworth 
 sought the solitude and privacy o± an adjacent grove (so the story goes), 
 and mounting a convenient log, with the trees for an audience, proceeded 
 to rehearse the speech he had prepared for delivery the next day. But he 
 was not unheard by man. Giles C. Hard, the ferryman, was an involuntary 
 listener, and after listening to the speaker's flow of .logic and eloquence 
 until his pent-up admiration and enthusiasm could be controlled no longer, 
 he gave vent to his feelings in ''rapturous applause," and rushed forward to 
 congratulate Mr. W. upon his soul-stirring address. It is needless to say, 
 that, though approaching the finale of his speech, it was not fully com- 
 pleted that day nor the next in consequence of Mr. Hard's interruption, 
 and the subsequent act in the drama. The joke was too good to keep, 
 and Hard opened the bag, or rather his mouth, and let the secret 
 out.. Mr. B. J. Gray, the editor of the Whig newspaper, the Express, 
 got hold of it, and Hard, having a good memory, repeated it to that 
 
262 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COTJNTY. 
 
 gentleman, who noted ir down. That night the Express office was illum- 
 inated and Mr. Wentvvorth's speech to the trees put in type, and long 
 before the Democratic meeting appointed for the next day had assembled, 
 extras of the Express containing this speech were issued, and scat- 
 tered broadcast througliout Rockford, thus forestalling the public mind, 
 and stealing the speaker's thunder. The originality, poetry and eloquence 
 of the speech were gone, and what little of it Mr. Wentworth did deliver, 
 fell vapid upon the ears of his listeners. Knowing the cause and appreciat- 
 ing the awkwardness of the situation, the speaker finally abandoned the 
 line of tlie stolen speech, and branched off in an entirely different line of 
 argumcTit, and, rising to the dignity of the occasion, made one of the best 
 political speeches (from a Democratic stand-point) ever delivered in Winne- 
 bago County. 
 
 After having been once beaten for the office of Clerk of the Circuit 
 Court of Hamilton County, Ohio, and for President in 1836, General Har- 
 rison was elected in 1840, but lived to fill the office but one month. Of all 
 the presidents before or since his time, Van Buren was the only one who 
 left his salary as president intact and untouched until the expii-ation of his 
 term (March, 1841), when he drew the entire amount, $100,000 in gold, and 
 retired to Kinder hook. In after years he became the leader and candidate 
 of the Free Soil party for president. 
 
 PKAIRIE BANDITS AND OUTLAWRY, 
 
 As the immigration increased, a few bad and dishonest characters fol- 
 lowed, and scattered themselves about among the people in different parts 
 of the county. Up to 1840-1 only one crime of a serious nature (and of 
 that mention has already been made), so far as the records show, had been 
 committed. But from this time for several years forward, the honest people 
 seem to have been at the mercy of the outlaws and desperadoes. This gang 
 of cut-throats, however, was not confined to Winnebago County alone, but 
 was spread broadcast over the country, while they had communication with 
 like characters in all the Western and Southwestern states and territories. 
 The honest, industrious part of the community had been attracted here by 
 the advantages the country offered for procuring homes and the accumula- 
 tion of sufficient wealth to provide against want in declining years. The 
 blacklegs followed, on the same principle that "where the carcass is, there 
 will be gathered the buzzards also." Another consideration with them, 
 perhaps, was the scarcity of jails and prisons, the unorganized condition of 
 society, the absence of civil law, and consequently the comparative ease with 
 which they might escape detection, or at least punishment by imprison- 
 ment, etc. For several years after the first settlement of Winnebago 
 County, the nearest jail was at Galena, and that was only an apology for a 
 prison. It is related that on one occasion an evil doer was sentenced to 
 jail for some offense, and that he was taken to the Galena jail and locked up. 
 The sheriff started home, but had scarcely left the shadow of the jail, before 
 his prisoner managed to get out, and when the sheriff arrived at Rockford, 
 his late prisoner was among the first to greet his return. In those days the 
 facilities for administering justice were necessarily incomplete, the courts 
 l)ut imperfectly organized, while the resources from which to derive revenue 
 to pay officers of law, were very limited. Most of the people who had set- 
 tled here brought but little of this world's goods with them, but depended 
 on their own strong arms and industry and the resources of nature to sup- 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 263 
 
 ply tliem with the necessaries of life. All these things were understood 
 and considered by the black-legs and their allies, and were just so many 
 arguments to induce them to choose this as a held for their operations. 
 The sparse settlements, absence of thickly traveled roads and the long dis- 
 tances between houses, oflered favorable opportunities for transferring stolen 
 horses from one section to another. Extending from Wisconsin down 
 through Illinois into Missouri and Arkansas, there was unquestionably a 
 line of horse thieves, along which stolen horses were almost continaously 
 passing. This line had convenient stations, and the stations were in charge 
 of men, who, to all outward appearances were honest, hard-working set- 
 tlers. Under this arrangement a horse stolen at either end of the line, or 
 anywhere in its vicinity in the interior, for that matter, could be passed 
 from one agent to another, and no one of the agents be absent from his 
 home or business for more than a few hours at a time. And thus, for years, 
 they could remain unsuspected. But these operations grew bolder and 
 bolder. Horse after horse would be stolen and spirited away, no one knew 
 where or how. Robbery after robbery occurred throughout the country, 
 and every once in a while a mangled corpse would be found in some unin- 
 habifed wood. Counterfeit money was flooding the country, but no clue to 
 the authors of these crimes could be obtained. Ogle County, particularly, 
 seemed to be a favorite and chosen field for the operations of these outlaws, 
 but they extended into Winnebago as well. At last they became too com- 
 mon for longer endurance. Patience ceased to be a virtue; and hope that 
 such things would die out as the country advanced in population and im- 
 provements, grew sick, and determined desperation seized upon the minds 
 of men, and they resolved if there were no laws that would protect them 
 against the ravages of thieves, roljbers and counterfeiters, that they would 
 protect themselves. It was a desperate resolve, and desperately and bloodily 
 executed. 
 
 It may not be amiss in this connection to state, that, as subsequent 
 events proved, some of the gang of villains, to whose operations reference 
 has just been made, had so conducted themselves before the public that they 
 had been clothed with positions of trust. This is particularly true as to Lee 
 County. About the year 1835 or 1836 there came to Inlet Grove, in 
 that county, Adolphus Bliss and his wife, Hannah, and two other men 
 named Dewey and West. These parties were the first to settle in that 
 part of the county, and from the close intimacy that existed be- 
 tween them, they came to be known to the later settlers as 
 " Bliss, Dewey, West & Co," They had each settled on gov- 
 ernment land, and to the casual passer-by seemed to be intent on 
 making farms and -earning an honest living. But time and events proved 
 otherwise. Bliss had built a log house, which was known all along the 
 Rock River valley as the " Log Tavern." On a board in front of the house 
 painted in large black letters, was this inscription — " Travellers' Home." 
 To many a land hunter in those days that sign was a welcome sight, and 
 many a family and individual sojourned there longer than they would have 
 done had they known the true character of the proprietors. Later events 
 showed that this " Log Tavern " was a rendezvous for counterfeiters, or, at 
 least, a distributing point for their currency and coin, especially the latter. 
 Making change is quite a business in its way with hotel keepers, and, as 
 most people know, change is sometimes hard to get. But "Aunt Hannah," 
 the wife of Bliss, was never " short," and never allowed herself to become 
 
264 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 SO, for she had the means of always making the supply eqnal to the demand, 
 for, as subsequently shown, she kept no less than five sets of bogus dies 
 sewed up in her feather bed. jSTow, for the other ])arties: Dewey was 
 Bliss' nearest neighl)or on the one hand, and "West on the other, the last ol 
 whom eventually turned traitor, and revealed the secrets of "Bliss, Dewey, 
 West c^ Co."' As the settlement in that neighborhood increased, Dewey 
 was elected justice of the peace, and West was chosen constable. When- 
 ever their funds began to run low, all that was necessary to replenish their 
 exchequer was to call on Aunt Hannah, and officially demand the dies, and 
 their demands were never resisted — -for such resistance would have been a 
 criminal breach of the law! Whenever an attempt was made to arrest a 
 villain. Justice Dewey would inform his comrades of the facts, then issue a 
 warrant and place it in the hands of Constable West for ■service,who, knowing 
 in which direction the outlaw had gone, would start out in hot haste in a 
 directly opposite direction, and, of course, always return his warrant en- 
 dorsed "not found." For years, the firm of "Bliss, Dewey, Westct Co." 
 boldly prosecuted this kind of business. At last, however, their true char- 
 acters were unmasked, and Bliss and Dewey were arrested, tried, convicted 
 and sent to the states prison at Alton, West appearing against them as a 
 witness on the part of the people that he and they had so long outraged and 
 plundered. 
 
 From 1837-8 to 1844-5, when the gang was finally broken up — some 
 of them killed by the "regulators," some arrested and sent to the peniten- 
 tiary, and the others driven from the state — horse stealing was carried on 
 in a wholesale manner. Two men named Birch and Sutton seem to have 
 been trusty leaders of the gang, and to them was confided tlie duty of run- 
 ning horses from Wisconsin to Missouri, and from Missouri to Wisconsin. 
 These fellows would come up from the south and southwest with stolen 
 horses, and, unless in fear of immediate pursuit, would sometimes leave 
 them with Dewey, West & Sawyer, at Inlet Grove; Bridge, Driscoll & Co., 
 at Washington Grove; or Oliver ^fe Co., at Rockford, and so on to the end 
 of the line. These parties would dispose of them as emergencies or neces- 
 sities required. This brings our history back to Winnebago county. 
 
 Charles Oliver,. of whom mention was made in the last preceding para- 
 graph, was a man of pleasing exterior, and, as is sometimcfs said ot coun- 
 terfeit bills "well calculated to deceive." He came here in 1836, when 
 Haight's old Rockford House was in the zenith of its glory, where he 
 became a permanent and popular b(jarder, "a hale fellow well met," but 
 Avho, as was afterwards proven in court, was the head center and ring leader 
 of the gang of outlaws that infested this part of tlie country for so many 
 years. But notwithstanding all this, he came near being foisted on to the 
 Rockford community as a justice of the peace, the particulars of which we 
 glean from Mr. James B. Martyn, an early settler of Winnebago county, 
 but now of Belvidere, and from whose memory we have heretofore quoted. 
 Says this authority: "Oliver was a man of some means, his father telling me 
 that he had started Charles out in the world with $4,000, hoping that he 
 would do well. An election for a justice of the peace coming on some time 
 aftor young Oliver's arrival, he was chosen as a candidate on the one side, 
 and myself (Martyn) on the other. The election was closely contested, and 
 the polls did not close until 10 o'clock at night. In those days, so long as 
 a vote was ofiered every ten minutes, the polls were kept open ; and in this 
 instance the friends of the respective candidates were so anxious and deter- 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 265 
 
 mined that tliej never quit the polls until every voter in the precinct had 
 been br()no;lit out, and was known to have cast his ballot. Oliver was beaten 
 by a small majority." 
 
 Up to 1841 no decisive measures had been inaugurated to rid the country 
 of* the presence of the villains that had apparent control of everything. 
 The laws could not be enforced with any degree of efficiency. If arrested, 
 tried and found sufficiently guilty to hold them to bail (in bailable offenses) 
 there were no jails sufficiently secure to hold them, and even if there had 
 been, there were members of the gang abundantly able to offer any amount 
 of bail required, and thus it came about that the ranks of the outlaws were 
 iKiver thinned out by the imprisonment of any of the members of the 
 unworthy fraternity. In April, of this year, however, fifteen honest, sturdy, 
 fearless and determined men who had been victims to the predatory raids of 
 the outlaws, held a meeting in a log school house at White Rock, for con- 
 sultation. These fifteen men represented a large district of county upon 
 which the gang had so long preyed unmolested. Some of them were native 
 born Americans — ^some were Canadians, and some were Scotchmen, but all 
 were resolute and determined. Without entering into details, suffice it to 
 say that that meeting, after fully and carefully reviewing the situation and 
 the repeated outrages to which the commiinity had been subjected, and 
 recognizing the fact, as it seemed to them, that law, justice and its execu- 
 tives were inadequate to the protection of the people and the arrest and 
 punishment of the outlaws, they entered into a solemn compact with each 
 other to rid the county of the desperadoes by which it was infested. The 
 course resolved upon was to visit every known or suspected person, and 
 notify them to leave the county within a given length of time, and that if 
 they did not comply, they would be summarily and severely dealt with — 
 stripped and lashed until they would promise to comply with the decision 
 and demands of the " Regulators." To the accomplishment of this work 
 the Ogle County Regulators solemnly pledged themselves or to die in the 
 attempt. The work was soon commenced. From fifteen, their number 
 soon increased to scores and hundreds. Their first victim was a man whom 
 it was charged had been the means of having a neighbor's horse stolen. 
 He was taken out of his house and ordered to strip, which order he obeyed. 
 His hands were tied behind his back, when he was given thirty-six lashes 
 with a raw hide, well applied, the blood following every stroke. He stood 
 the ordeal, said an eye witness, without flinching, and when the terrible 
 work was ended, he remarked: " Now, as your rage is satisfied, and to prove 
 that I am an honest man, I will join your company." He became a mem- 
 l»er, although it was almost certainly known that before this castigation his 
 life had not been one of irreproachable honesty. Their next victim was a 
 man who had once been a Baptist preacher in the east, but had long since 
 fallen from his high estate. He was notified to leave the country, which he 
 agreed to do, but after leaving him, it seems that a part of the " regulators 
 returned to his house, took him. out, tied him to a burr oak tree, and gave 
 him ninety-six lashes. 
 
 Once started, the organization spread, and soon extended into Boone, 
 McHenry and Winnebago counties, and, says the authority from which we 
 quote, " had a reg flag been hoisted during the night over every house the 
 inmates of which sympathized with the regulators, the people, when they 
 awoke, would have suj)posed the whole county had the small-pox." The 
 friends and comrades of the men who had been whipped and ordered to 
 
266 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 leave the country were fearfully enraged and swore eternal and bloody ven- 
 geance. Eighty of them assembled in the barn of one of their number, 
 where their plans were laid and preparations made to visit White Rock and 
 murder every man, wonian and child in that hamlet. Tiiat they absolutely 
 started on that bloody mission is susceptible of proof, but on the way they 
 met another member of the gang, a little cooler headed than the masses, 
 who, learning the terrible object of their raid, implored them to desist from 
 the undertaking, and was finally successful in prevailing upon them to dis- 
 perse to their homes. The plans, however, of the desperadoes had been 
 overheard, and intelligence of the threatened massacre carried to White 
 Rock, where preparations were at once made by the people to defend their 
 homes and their lives as dearly as the emergency of the occasion required. 
 Fortunately the attack did not come, and the bloody work was averted. 
 
 Soon after this, Mr. S. Wellington, who liad been elected Captain of 
 the Regulators, resigned, and John Campbell, a Scotchman and a devout 
 Presbyterian, was chosen as his successor. Within two weeks after his 
 election, he received a letter from William Driscoll filled with most direful 
 threats— not only threatening Campbell's life, but the life of every one who 
 dared to oppose their murderous, thieving operations. The only efl:ect of 
 this letter was to add fuel to the already kindled flame, and in directing the 
 rage of the entire community against the Driscolls. Soon after the receipt 
 ot this letttr by Mr. Campbell, one hundred and ninety-six of the Regula- 
 tors assembled together and marched to the residence of the Driscolls, in 
 South Grove. On approaching the place, they discovered a number of ruf- 
 fians armed to the teeth, as if inviting the attack. When within a half a 
 mile of the house, they halted to complete arrangements for the assault. 
 There it was determined that one of the number should go forward and beard 
 the lion in his den. While preparing to draw lots as to who should under- 
 take this supposed death-ride, a young man, who afterwards became one ot 
 Rockford's best known citizens, volunteered to undertake the mission, and 
 immediately started. As he neared the house, the door flew open, and 
 nearly a score of rufiians, all armed with pistols, dashed out and made for 
 the woods. The old man Driscoll mounted a fast horse and was soon beyond 
 pursuit. One man remained behind, and he informed the two hundred 
 determined men that Driscoll had gone to Sycamore to muster his forces, 
 and that they would return in two hours to tight them. Nothing daunted, 
 the Regulators dismounted and threw themselves upon the ground to await 
 the coming of Driscoll's army. 
 
 At three o'clock in the afternoon Driscoll returned, but instead of 
 bringing his threatened company of confederates he brought Sherift" Wal- 
 rodd. Squire Mayo, and the Probate Judge, Lovell, of Delvalb County. 
 These gentlemen in(]uired the nature of the strange gathering, in answer to 
 which Mr. Campbell, as leader of the citizens, made a decided and eflective 
 answer, every word of which fell with powerful force against Driscoll and 
 his confederates. He not only told why they were there, and for what pur- 
 pose they had come, but what they intended to do. He told of crimes the 
 DriscoUs had committed — how William Driscoll and another man had 
 robbed, and some said murdered, a peddlar and secreted the plunder in a 
 barn, and that in a day or two afterwards Driscoll had gone in the dead of 
 night and stolen the goods from his confederate, thereby "making himself 
 the meanest thief on the face of God's earth." The DriscoUs btood by 
 livid with rage, and gnashed their teeth as Campbell told^of their dark deeds. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 269 
 
 When Campbell had finished, the three gentlemen from DeKalb who 
 had come over with Driscoll abandoned them, and told the citizens that any 
 time they needed help to carry out their purpose to call on Sycamore, from 
 whence they could rely on at least one hundred good and willing men. 
 
 The Driscolls were then notified to leave the state, and were allowed to 
 name the day when they would depart. They fixed the time at twenty 
 days. Soon after the citizens dispersed to their homes. 
 
 The Driscolls did not leave the state, nor did they make preparations 
 to leave. On the^ontrary, they continued in their evil ways, and if possi- 
 ble became bolderand more defiant than ever. In less than ten days after 
 the events narrated above, a meeting of the outlaws and desperadoes was 
 held on the farm of a man named William Bridge, at Lafayette Grove, 
 where the murder of Campbell was planned, and Bridge and David Driscoll 
 detailed to the ati-ocious work. They were sworn to waylay Campbell, and 
 not to leave him until he was a corpse. 
 
 SuJiday, June 27, 1841, the bloody deed was accomplished. Campbell 
 and his family had gone to church, several miles [distant, in the morning. 
 On their return in the afternoon, he stopped at his barn to care for his 
 horses. This care discharged, he started from the barn towards his house, 
 when he was confronted by Bridge and Driscoll, the former of whom asked 
 him some question, and before he could answer it Driscoll raised his gun 
 and shot him through the heart, and Campbell fell to the earth a corpse. 
 Their oath had been kept. 
 
 JN'ews of the murder spread like wildfire. Indignation against the 
 Driscolls was aroused to fever heat. On Monday, the 2Sth, the remains of 
 Campbell w^ere buried. After the funeral, the excitement and indignation 
 against the perpetrators and instigators of the bloody crime broke out afresh. 
 The very air was filled with threats of vengeance against them, and nothing 
 but the lives of the murderous gang would pay the penalty. News of the 
 terrible crime had been carried to Sycamore, Oregon and Rockford, and 
 help in the work of extenuation demanded, and it was given. Monday 
 afternoon Rockford was more like a deserted village than a bustling, busy 
 little village. Every man that could go, went — all determined to avenge 
 Campbell's death. The arrest of William Driscoll was made by Rockford 
 men. Men from Oregon, headed by the Sheriff, had arrested old man 
 Driscoll and lodged him in the Ogle county jail. Bridge and David Dris- 
 coll could not be found. They had escaped the vigilance of an outraged 
 people, and fled no one knew whither. Tuesday morning, the 29th, "the 
 Oregon people heard that the citizens of Rockford had William Driscoll a 
 prisoner at Lafayette Grove, and the old man was immediately taken from 
 the jail, a rope put around his neck, by which he was dragged after the in- 
 furiated populace to the ferry, where they crossed to the opposite side of the 
 rivei-, and by ten o'clock they had joined the Rockford division at Wash- 
 ington Grove. By this time the crowd had increased to at least five hun- 
 dred men. Three of the Driscolls — the old man, William and Pierce, the 
 latter being the youngest of the family — were prisoners. Only the old man 
 was manacled. In the centre of one group stood William Driscoll, know- 
 ing full well that at last he had been overtaken in his career of crime, and 
 that his life was about to pay the penalty. He was about forty-five years of 
 age, rather above the average of men in height, heavy set and muscular, 
 and would probably have tipped the scales at one hundred and eighty 
 pounds. He was a man of strong will and great endurance. Alls features 
 
270 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 were firm and presented a peculiarly heavy appearance. He was that type 
 of man that could face any (U-dinary danger without the least fear, hut here 
 were five hundred resolute, determined men to hold him to an account for 
 his iiianifdld crimes, the remembrance of which at this moment no doubt 
 arose before him like so many spectres. Pierce, his youno^er brother, stood 
 near by, and soon the father, dragged along by a rope tied around his neck, 
 was placed near them. "This man," says tliose who knew him, "was a 
 singular looking specimen of humanity. He wa^ upwards of six feet in 
 height, slightly inclined to corpulency, and weighed aU)ut two hundred 
 pounds. He was all muscle and .sinew, and every way one of the most 
 powerful men in all that crowd of half a thousand men. His face was the 
 only repulsive feature about old John Driscoll, which was owing to the loss 
 of a part of his nose, which had long before been bitten ofi' in a fight. 
 His hair was iron gray and coarse, his eyebrows heavy and shaggy -like, and 
 his face smooth." Untrembling and unmoved, he stood motionless in 
 the midst of his inquisitors and executioners. 
 
 One of the men standing near by asked the old man how many horses 
 he supposed he had stolen during his life of crime and outlawry, to which 
 he coolly replied: "I presume I have been the. means of stealing from fifty 
 to one hundred," and as he thus answered a momentary smile flashed 
 across his features. 
 
 William Driscoll was similarly questioned. He admitted that at one 
 of their midnight conclaves he had suggested that Campbell should be 
 served as the gang had served a man out in Iowa — killed — but denied all 
 knowledge of the murder of John Campbell on the Sunday before. 
 
 About this time Lawyers Latimer and. Jason Marsh arrived from Rock- 
 ford, and they were made spokesmen for the part3\ Old man Driscoll, 
 carefully guarded, was allowed to step aside for consultation with Marsh, 
 to whom he protested that he was innocent. When the time granted for 
 this consultation had expired. Marsh announced in a few words that Dris- 
 coll had no confession to make, and urged the crowd not to be too hasty in 
 the premises, and that time be allowed the men to ])repare tor death. He 
 also urged that Pierce Driscoll, the younger, be released, to which the crowd 
 assented. 
 
 Latimer, for the people, made a vehement address, saying that nothing 
 but blood would palliate the crimes that had been committed, that as long 
 as the gang of outlaws were permitted to remain on the earth, no commu- 
 nity would be safe from their depredations and crimes. The Driscolls, if 
 not the head centers and authors and instigators of the untold robberies and 
 murders that had been committed in the country, were at least accomplices, 
 and had shared in the plunder. He maintained that the people were justi- 
 fied in taking the course they had, that their safety demanded it, that the 
 murder of Campbell must be avenged, and that if the actual murdei-ers 
 could not he found, those who planned the foul deed must suffer in their 
 stead, and concluded by urging the immediate execution of John Driscoll 
 and his son, William. 
 
 When Latimer concluded his remarks, the son-in-law of Campbell 
 moved that sentence of death be passed upon the two prisoners. The motion 
 was submitted to the crowd. Death-like silence prevailed, and the prisoners, 
 although calm and motionless, turned deathly pale. When at last the silence 
 was broken, tho vote was almost unanimous in favor of immediate execution, 
 and the men were told to prej)are to die. The old man was the first to speak, 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 271 
 
 and turning to a by-stander he said: "If you are going to shoot me down, 
 for God's sake take this rope from my neck, for it is choking me/' Camp- 
 belTs son-in-law untied it. One hour was given them for prayer, and two 
 ministers who were present prayed with the condemned men, to one of 
 whom it is said William Driseoll confessed that he had murdered no less 
 than six men with his own hand. -He prayed for forgiveness and became 
 quite penitent. The old man was determined, and held out to the very end 
 without uttering the simple prayer, "God have mercy on my soul." 
 
 The hour expired, the moment of execution had come. One hundred 
 citizens, t>Tmed with rifles, were formed in two death divisions — fifty were to 
 fire upon the old man and fifty upon his son "William. The old man was 
 led tVirth first; his eyes were bandaged, and he was made to kneel upon the 
 earth. All things in readiness, the word to fire was given, and the old man 
 fell to the earth riddled and shattered to pieces with the charges oi fifty 
 r'lfies. 
 
 William and Pierce Driseoll witnessed the execution of their father. 
 William's fate came next. In the last hour abject fear overcame his former 
 boldness, and his hair turned almost white. In a semi-conscious condition 
 he was led forth, and in a few minutes his body was riddled by the dis- 
 charges from the other fifty rifles, and lay bleeding and quivering by the 
 side of his father. 
 
 Pierce Driseoll was told that he would be permitted to take charge of 
 the dead bodies of his father and brother, and that teams and help would 
 be provided to convey them home and prepared for burial, but the offer was 
 declined with the declaration th^t he would have nothing to do with it. 
 Sjmdes and shovels were procured and a rude grave was dug on the spot 
 where thej^ had been killed, and unwashed and uncoffined, ghastly and gory, 
 their bodies were rolled into the one grave together and covered over. 
 Three weeks later their bodies were taken up by their friends, washed and 
 given a decent burial. 
 
 Unparalleled excitement followed these proceedings. The volunteer 
 club scoured the country in every direction to find William Bridge and 
 David Driseoll, and Bridge barely made his escape. When the Regulators 
 were at his house, he was hidden in an excavation underneath it. When 
 the Regulators had gone, he left his home and fled from the State, but sub- 
 sequently returned, and was arrested. David Driseoll was arrested some 
 years later and tried on the charge of killing Campbell, but was finally 
 ac(piitted, when he left the country. 
 
 It is true that this bloody tragedy was enacted in an adjoining county, 
 but being so closely allied to Winnebago, and participated in by people from 
 this county, that it luiturally forms a part of the history we are writing. 
 Many of the participants became wealthy and respected citizens, and there 
 is no doubt but what they honestly and conscientiously l)elieved it was the 
 only means by which they could rid the country of the outlaws that infested 
 it, and thereby protect their lives and their property. But this disposition 
 of the Driscolls was not the end. 
 
 People diftered as to the means employed to free the country of the 
 presence of the desperadoes, and took sides aceordingl3^ Mr. Ivna])pen, 
 editor of the Star^ took strong groumls against the proceedings in the Dris- 
 eoll case, and denounced it in strong language. In an editorial under date 
 of July 1, 1841, Mr. Knappen said: 
 
 " A short time since we received through the post-office a copy of the 
 
272 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 proceedings of the Ogle County Lynchers, up to the latest date, embracing 
 tlie following resolution: 
 
 " Resolved, That the proceedings of the Volunteer Company be published in the Rock- 
 tord newspapers once a mouth. 
 
 " Now, be it kuown to all the world that we have solemnly resolved 
 that the proceedings of the Ogle County, or any county volunteer lynch 
 company, cannot be justified or encouraged in our columns. The view we 
 take of the subject does not permit us to approve the measures and conduct 
 of th ■ said company. If two or three hundred citizens are to assume the 
 administration of the lynch law in the face and eyes of the laws of the land, 
 we shall soon have a fearful state of things, and where, we ask, will it end if 
 mob law is to supercede the civil law? If it is tolerated, no man's life or 
 property is safe; his neighbor, who may be more popular than himself, will 
 possess an easy, ready way to be revenged by misrepresentation and false 
 accusation; in short, of what avail are our legislative bodies and their enact- 
 ments? We live in a land of laws, and to them it becomes us to resort and 
 submit for the punishment and redress as faithful keepers of the laws, and 
 thus extend to each other the protection and advantages of the law, and 
 repulse every attempt to deprive a fellow citizen of the precious privilege 
 granted in all civilized countries — namely, the right to be tried by an 
 impartial jury of twelve good men of his county. JBut, perhaps, it will be 
 argued by some, that we have in this new conutry no means or proper 
 places for securing offenders and breakers of the laws, to which we answer, 
 then build them. The time ah-eady spent by three or four hundred men in 
 this and Ogle counties, at three or four different times, and from two to four 
 days at a time, this season, would have built jails so strong that no man, or 
 dozen men on earth, deprived of implements with which to work, and con- 
 fined in them, could ever escape, and guard them sufficiently strong by 
 armed men outside, to prevent assistance from rescuing them from the arm 
 of the law. Would not this course be much more patriotic and creditable 
 to the citizens of a civilized and Christianized country, than to resort to the 
 administration of mob law by Judge Lynch? Not on us, gentlemen, but 
 on your own heads be the responsibility; we wash our hands clear from the 
 Blood of Lynch Law.'''' 
 
 In the same number of the Star from which the above is quoted, there 
 appeared two communications — one signed Yox Populi, taking strong 
 grounds against the action of the Kegulators, pronouncing them a ^^Ban- 
 d'ltti^'' etc. This writer says: "Banditti like, after organization, these fiends 
 in human shape, commenced traversing the country for plunder — not, per- 
 haps, valuable goods, but the liberty and livks of their fellow citizens! 
 Every one who happened to fall under the suspicion of one or more of this 
 gang, was at once brought beibre their self-constituted tribunal, where there 
 was no difficulty in procuring testimony for convicting him of any crime 
 named, when he was sentenced, and men appointed to inflict the adjudged 
 punishment, which, in the embryo existence of the 'Clan,' generallj^ con- 
 sisted in giving the culprit from twenty to three hundred lashes well laid on. 
 * * * No one pretends that John and William DriscoU had 
 committed murder, nor can they say that they merited the punishment they 
 received, even had they been found guilty by an impartial jury of their 
 country of the crime alleged by the mob. No: had imimpeachable testi- 
 mony been brought to prove them guilty of that for which circumstantial 
 
HI8T0KT OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 2^3 
 
 evidence was horribly distorted to convict tliem, the penalty would have 
 been but three to live years imprisonment in the penitentiary." This cor- 
 respondent also says that "some three weeks since [before the date of his 
 letter], John Driscoll was arrested for some misdemeanor, by the 'Lynching 
 Club,' and after being threatened with whipping and death unless he 
 revealed the names of the horse-thieves and counterfeiters belonging to the 
 tril)e, consented to give the names of certain persons suspected by him, 
 intimating at the same time that some of the members of the club then 
 present would curse the day that the disclosures had been extorted. An 
 almost unanimous cry for his release was raised, and he was set at libertv! 
 And has it come to this, that in a land of civilization and Christianity, 
 blessed with as wholesome a code of laws as man's ingenuity ever invented, < 
 a few desperadoes shall rise up and inflict all manner of ])unishment, even 
 dp:atu, upon whomsoever they please? Shall all Civil Law be sacriflced and 
 trampled in the dust at the shrine of Mobycracy!' Shall the life and prop- 
 erty of no one receive any protection from the civil law, but both be sub- 
 ject to the nod of an inconsiderate and uncontrollable mob? Shall these 
 things he so? Or will the people rise en masse, and assert the laws of the 
 land, and enforce the same against the murderers and lynchers? The latter 
 course is certaiidy pointed out by justice, and I trust in God that justice 
 will be meted out to all who have had a hand in this bloody business." 
 
 The second communication to which reference was made above, was 
 signed "B," bore date July 1, 1841, and sustained the action of the Regu- 
 lators. It was generally credited to Mr. Latimer, the attorney, who made 
 such a violent address on the occasion of the killing of the Driscolls. He 
 subsequently removed to Lancaster, Grant County, Wisconsin, where he 
 was killed in a street fight with a gambler. 
 
 The Star editorial already quoted, and the communication of Vox 
 Populi, only maddened the Regulators the more, and a few nights after the 
 paper was issued containing these articles, the office was entered by unknown 
 parties and the type in forms and cases "pied" — that is, turned out on the 
 floor promiscuously, and the entire office reduced to a pile of ruins. Knap- 
 pen's hopes were blasted, and he shortly sold the wreck to John A. Brown, 
 who rescued the material from confusion, and the publication of a paper 
 called the Pilot commenced. But murders, and robberies and kindred 
 crimes did not stop with the killing of the Driscolls and the sacking of the 
 Star office. Outrages continued, and the people came to live in almost 
 uninte]'ru])ted fear and alarm. JSTo horse owner knew at what hour his 
 stables would be plundered or himself murdered. Without entering into 
 a detailed specification of the repeated outrages, robberies, etc., we will 
 enumerate a few of the boldest in the order of their occurrence: 
 
 On the night of the 18th of September, ISiS, the store of William 
 McKinney, in Rockford, was entered and plundered of a trunk containing 
 between $700 and $800. A brother of McKinney was sleeping in the 
 store, but was awakened by the noise made by the midnight prowlers, and 
 attempting to oppose the robber, who called him by name, he was awed into 
 silence and non-resistance by a knife that was placed against his breast, the 
 thief remarking that he "must have the trunk containing the money, as he 
 could not affijrd to run such risks for nothing." He got the trunk and 
 escaped, and eluded capture. 
 
 Scarcely had the excitement created by this bold robbery died away, 
 when the community was again startled by the perpetration of a bolder one 
 
274 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 still. This robbery was committed on one of Frink, "Walker & Co.'s four- 
 horse mail coaches, about four miles out from Rockford towards Chicago, 
 while, as it is stated, the coach was actually in motion and full of passen- 
 gers, but was not discovered until the coach arrived at Newbergh. The 
 following morning the trunks and baggage were found a few rods from the 
 road, broken open and rifled of all their valuables. A newspaper puljlished 
 liL're at the time, in speaking of this robbery said: "What renders these 
 transactions Still more exciting, is the fact that they are committed by those 
 who are perfect scholars in the business movements of the town," No im- 
 mediate clue to this last bold robbery was obtained. 
 
 This stage robbery was followed a few weeks later by another one fully 
 as daring, in this instance the house of William Mulford, in Guilford 
 township, was entered in the night time, andjwhile a ]3arty of the gang stood 
 guard over Mr. and Mrs. Mulford, who had gone to bed, the others ran- 
 sacked the house, and found about $400, which they carried away. It had 
 been rumored that Mulford had received some $15,000 from IS'ew York a 
 short time before, and this rumor had reached the ears of the gang. But 
 luckily, if such sum had been received, it was so carefully secreted as 
 to be beyond discovery by the robbers. The alarm was given next morn- 
 ing, and although the country was hunted over for miles, not a track of the 
 desperadoes could be found, and in a short time this robbery was almost 
 forgotten in the series of depredations that followed — all so perfectly 
 planned and carried out, that detection and discovery seemed impossible. 
 But argus-eyed Nemesis was on their track. 
 
 The killing of the Driscolls was one stej) made towards ridding the 
 country from desperadoes. But many other steps were necessary before 
 the work would be fully completed. In the early part of the summer 
 of 1845, Charles West, of the firm of Bliss, Dewey, West & Co., 
 of whom mention has heretofore been made, became offended at the 
 sang. Taking advantage of this circumstance, certain respectable people in 
 the immediate neighborhood of the Bliss and Dewey rendezvous, succeeded 
 in prevailing upon West to reveal the names of the gang that had been 
 operating through this part of the country, and a number of them were soon 
 afterwards arrested. Among some of the most prominent and active mem- 
 bers of the gang were: Chas. Oliver, Jr., and Wm. McDowell, of Bockford; 
 Sutton, alias Fox, Birch, the "boss" thief of the gang, and who was known 
 from one end of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers to the other by the 
 several aliases of Harris, Haynes and Brown ; Bridge, Davis, Thomas Aiken, 
 and Baker. Besides, there were a number of others whose names are for- 
 forgotten. Among other revelations made by West, was the plan, as well as 
 the names of the parties, who robbed McKinney's store, in liockford, and 
 Mulford's in Guilford. Oliver, the man who came near being elected to 
 the office of justice of the peace, in Rockford, (a fact already mentioned), 
 was the local director and manager of the gang. He planned the Mulford 
 robbery, and shared the plunder. McDowell, a carpenter, was one of the 
 parties that actively participated in that robbery. On the strength of 
 . West's testimony, Oliver and McDowell were indicted by a night session of 
 the grand jur}^, in June, 1843. The sheriff at that particular time was 
 absent. There was no deputy, and the coroner, next in authority to the 
 sheriff, was the father-in.lavv of McDowell. This fact rendered him an un- 
 safe person to be entrusted with the arrest of Oliver and McDowell. Under 
 the law in those days, two justices of the peace could appoint an officer to 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 275 
 
 act in cases of emergency where there was no slieriiF, or in the absence of 
 that ollicer; and aetino- nnder tliis h\w, Channcy Burton and Willard 
 Wheeler, justices of the peace at thar time, were called up out of bed, and 
 Mr. Goodyear A. Sandford, the last preceding sheriff, appointed to arrest 
 Oliver and McDowell. By this time, the night was well nigh gone, and as 
 the affair had been kept perfectly quiet, their arrest was deferred till the 
 next day, when Mr. Sanford took them into custody without difliculty. At 
 the same time, Bridge, implicated in the killing of Campbell, who had re- 
 turned to Ogle County, was also arrested and brought u]) to the Winnebago 
 jail. The news of the arrest of Oliver, McDowell and Bridge rekindled the 
 old embers of excitement, and it was determined that no bail ought to be 
 offered or accepted for the release of these parties, but that they should be 
 held in close custody until they could be tried in the Circuit Court. The 
 raui'der of Colonel Davenport a month later, July 4,1845, added fresh fury 
 to the excitement of the people, and it is a matter of remark that the same 
 fate was not meted to the parties under arrest, that had been meted out to 
 the Driscolls; for the finger of suspicion unerringly pointed to Birch and 
 Sutton, alias Fox and Davis, members of the gang, as his murderers, but 
 better counsels prevailed, and they were left to the courts. 
 
 The trial of Oliver came on August 26, 1845. Among other revela- 
 tions. West had stated that Oliver had planned the robbery of Mulford, and 
 that although he was not present when the crime was perpetrated, he had 
 received a share of the stolen money. This money he exchanged for stolen 
 horses. Oliver and McDowell had confided the secrets of the Mulford rob- 
 bery to a man named Irving A. Stearns, to whom Oliver had offered some 
 of the Mulford money in exchange for a horse. Subsequently Stearns went 
 to Michigan, where, for some crime, he was arrested, tried, convicted and 
 sentenced to the penitentiary, facts which the reader will please bear 
 in mind. 
 
 The trial of Oliver excited the people of Winnebago County as they 
 had never been excited before, and as they have seldom been excited since. 
 When the case came on, the court house was crowded to its utmost capacity. 
 Thomas C. Browne was presiding judge of the district at that time. Jas. 
 L. Loop was district attorney, and was assisted in the prosecution by nearly 
 the entire legal profession of Rockford — Jason Marsh, James M. Wright, 
 Anson S. and Cyrus F. Miller and Thos. D. Bobertson. The prisoner was 
 represented by M. P. Sweet, of Freeport, and M. T. Johnson, of Galena. 
 Oliver was bold and defiant. The robbery of Mulford had been so carefully 
 planned and secretly managed that he felt sure of acquittal. The only wit- 
 ness to be feared was Stearns, and he imagined himself secure from his tes- 
 timony by reason of his imprisonment in the Michigan penitentiary, never 
 suspecting that measures had been taken to secure his pardon, presence and 
 appearance in court as a witness against Itim. But Jason Marsh, who, from 
 the time of the Mulford robbery, had been actively engaged in working up 
 the case and ferreting out the robbers, b^fl accomplished this important end, 
 and had Stearns in Rockford when the court came on — a fact unknown to 
 the prisoner until Stearns, when his name was called with that of other wit- 
 nesses — G. A. Sandford, Jas. B. Martyn, C. H. Spafford, Anson Barnum, 
 D. Howell, Dr. Searle, A. Rice and others — appeared at the clerk's desk to 
 be sworn. The testimony of Stearns was so direct and conclusive that the 
 cross examination failed to weaken it in the least, and Oliver was sentenced 
 to the penitentiary for eight years. At the end of ^five years, he was par- 
 
2t6 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COtJNTT. 
 
 doned out and rejoined his wife and family in New York. A few years 
 later, he visited Rockford and mingled quite freely with the people among 
 whom he had once been so popular, and to some of whom he explained why 
 the gang had not robbed more of them. To Goodyear A. Sandford he 
 said: "The boys often wanted to go for you (as county treasurer), but I 
 wouldn't let them, because you was such a cleveV fellow." McDowell was 
 convicted a little later in the course of time, and was also sentenced for 
 eight years, but, like his old leader in crime, was pardoned at tlie end of 
 five years and went to work as a carpenter at Alton, where he so conducted 
 himself as to win the respect of the people, and where he was still living at 
 last accounts. Bridge took a change of venue to Ogle County, where he 
 was also convicted and sentenced to the penitentiary. After his release, he 
 went to Iowa, where, reports say, he fell into his old vices and was finally 
 killed by a sherift', whom he was resisting. Mr. Loop, the prosecuting 
 attorney, was a young man, and his management of the case for the people 
 is still highly praised, and a bright and honorable career as an attorney was 
 predicted for him, but he lived only a few years to enjoy the fame he earned 
 on that occasion. Of Mr. Marsh it was said, "tees large and liberal might 
 have been his to defend Oliver and McDowell, both of whom had accumu- 
 lated considerable means, and whose counsel he had previously been, but 
 he chose rather to lend his ability and legal knowledge towards freeing the 
 country from the presence of the desperadoes and outlaws that had so long- 
 infested it." And his efi:brts in that direction were not without reward. 
 The conviction of Oliver and McDowell in the Winnebago court, and the 
 arrest and conviction, and in some cases, the execution, of the other mem- 
 bers of the gang, either frightened their unarrested associates in crime out 
 of the country or turned them from their evil ways. 
 
 Of Thomas D. Robertson, another of the Ruckford lawyers who assisted 
 in the prosecution, it is said that "though young in years and in the practice 
 of his profession, he acquitted himself admirably, fully sustaining the hopes 
 of his friends." He is now the president of the Winnebago National Bank. 
 
 The jury before whom Oliver was tried was composed of the following 
 named gentlemen- Giles Maybee, Asa Farnsworth, E. C. Tracy, Calvin 
 Haskell, Edward Bradley, Asa Crosby, Joshua Heath, Jr., iVlbert Tuttle, 
 Phiueas Howes, Harvey Higbee, Geo. Dixon and Andrus Corbin. Of these 
 jurors, all are dead but Mr. Howes, who still lives in Rockford. 
 
 FIRST COUNTY BUILDINGS, ETC. 
 
 For the first two or three years either Haight's private residence or 
 the Rockford House served as a court house or for the sessions of the 
 county commissioncis, etc. Then came the building of a frame house for 
 the use of the county, schools, churches, and public meetings, and such other 
 occasions as the occurrences of th% time demanded. For the first five years 
 these buildings answered very cleverly for the many uses to which they 
 were applied, but the rapid increase of population and public business 
 demanded something better and more commodious. 
 
 In April, 1843, Daniel S. Ilaight, E. Hubbell, Potter Hollis, H. Holmes, 
 Loami Peake, Daniel Howell and John A. Brown, all of the East Side, 
 made propositions to the county commissioners to build a court house and 
 jail, to cost four thousand doDars. Some preliminary arrangements were 
 considered, and the site for the court house and jail selected, but some com- 
 plications arose that interfered and prevented the proposition from being 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 279 
 
 consummated. At a special meeting of the Board of Commissioners held on 
 the 22d of April, 1843, C. I. Horsman, for himself and others, presented 
 the following proposition: 
 
 "That the undersiii-ned citizens of flockford a^ree to erect such build- 
 ings as the county commissioners shall direct, and according to such plan 
 and finish as the commissioners shall furnish for a court house, county 
 offices and jail, the said buildings to be commenced before the first day of 
 June next, and the jail to be finished before the first day of January, 1844. 
 The remainder of the said building or buildings to be finished bv the first 
 day of January, 1844, and to perfect and convey to the county a good title 
 to the land on which the same buildings shall stand, to the amount of two 
 and a half acres. Provided: The commissioners select the site of the 
 buildings on the west side of E,ock Kiver, and to give satisfactory security 
 to be filed with the county clerk as soon as the commissioners accept the 
 proposition. Signed, George Haskell, Charles I. Horsman, H. W. Loomis, 
 M. Burrows, Charles Hall, Thomas D. Robertson, Geo. W. Dewey, David 
 D. Ahing, H. R. Maynard, Alden Thomas, S. Skinner, Geo. Barrows, John 
 Fisher, D. Harper, D. Dow." 
 
 This proposition was accepted, and entering into bond in the sum of 
 $20,000 for the faithful performance of their undertaking, Messrs. Has- 
 kell, Horsman, and their associates were paid ten dollars by tiie commis- 
 sioners to "bind the bargain," and the contract to build the court house 
 was let. 
 
 The site selected for the county buildings is that now occupied. The 
 undertaking was completed in good faith, as specified in the proposition. 
 The jail served its purpose until 1ST3, when it gave place to the present 
 structure, and the court house for just thirty-three years, but at last the 
 primitive structure,jwhich bears the date of "1492," is overshadowed by 
 the walls of one ol the grandest county buildings in the state. Its style of 
 architecture is known as the French Venetian with American treatment. 
 But of this magnificent structure, and the terrible catastrophe attending its 
 erection, more anon. The stone building in which the county records are 
 kept and business transacted was built in 1851. 
 
 The ancient date borne by the old court house — 1492 — is the work of 
 one of Rockford's wags, and had its origin in this: The completion of the 
 Rockford Central Railroad, running from Rockford to Rochelle, was signal- 
 ized by a railroad jubilee — that is to say, the people of Rockford extended 
 an invitation to "all the world and the rest of mankind" to come and see 
 them on that occasion. Ample preparations were made to entertain their 
 guests. The city put on its best. Public and private buildings were hand- 
 somely decorated — all but the old court house. Frank Peats was the 
 Sheriff, and by virtue of his office had charge of the public buildings. 
 Some inquiries were made why the local temple of justice was not deco- 
 rated, and Sheriff" Peats was reminded of his duty as a public officer — that 
 as it was to be a gala day he should not neglect the opportunity or the 
 occasion to dress up the court house in a style becoming the spirit and 
 pride of the people of Winnebago County. "Enough said." By trade, 
 the Sheriff' was a painter, and procuring a pot, brush and ladder, he erected 
 the latter against the front of the old temple, and painted in large black 
 figures "1492," representing the year in which Christopher Columbus dis- 
 covered America. This inscription has never been erased. It has been the 
 . subject of many a hearty laugh to some, and of indignation to others. To 
 
 16 
 
280 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 one man in particular, in middle life, in good circumstances, was it a sub- 
 ject.of annoyance, to say the least. Some of his friends from the East had 
 come to visit him, and, as in duty bound, he was showing them around 
 Hockford. During their perambulations, they passed in front of the court 
 house. His eyes caught the inscription — 1492. He suddenly stopped, and 
 looked. "Why," said he, when he recovered himself sufficiently to find 
 his voice, "what is that? What does it mean? 1492? That's the year 
 Columbus discovered America. That's outrageously sacriligious. I was 
 christened in that building." And such was the fact, and he has not gotten 
 over it vet — we don't meau the christening, but the knowledge of the fact 
 that a sacriligious hand had so defamed the Winnebago court house. 
 
 ANTE-WAE RECORDS. 
 
 Turning again to the old records of the County Commissioners' Court, 
 we come to a document that is not without interest, particularly so as it 
 will carry the mind of the reader back to ante-war times — to the time when 
 human beings were bought and sold like cattle — when husbands and fathers 
 were torn from wives and children, manacled and driven wherever it pleased 
 the speculator in human flesh — when children were sold from parents, and 
 the separation made as final and irrevocable, and more terrible in torture, 
 than if death, the king of terrors, had come and taken them away. But we 
 need not dwell on this poisonous plague that once ruled in triumph over 
 one part of our common country, for, at last, outraged humanity and 
 civilization could endure it no longer, and it was washed out in blood. 
 
 Germanicus Kent was born in Connecticut. When quite a young man 
 he went to Virginia, where he remained some years, and then removed to 
 Alabama. In those states he made the workings and influences of slavery 
 an especial study. In Alabama he became associated in a business way 
 with James G. Birney, the first candidate ever nominated to the presidency 
 by the Abolition Party. Associated together for a number of years, 
 Messrs. Birney and Kent had ample opportunities for investigation and 
 interchange of opinions on the one subject — slavery — that was not only 
 uppermost in their minds, but afiecting and poisoning almost every com- 
 mercial, social and political interest of the country, and they determined to 
 quit the section that fostered and protected it the first favorable opportunity 
 that offered for disposing of their business interests. The time came; their 
 property was disposed of, and they struck out for the north — the home of 
 the free — Mr. Birney went to Ohio, and Mr. Kent, as already known, coming 
 to Illinois and Winnebago County. 
 
 During the years that Mr. Kent lived in Alabama, he had become 
 the owner, by purchase, of a colored boy named Lewis Lemon, for to be 
 without the ownership of a slave in any of the Southern States in those days 
 was to ostracise one's self from business and social recognition. Mr. Kent 
 bought Lewis, when he was seventeen years of age, from Orris D. Lemon, 
 a slave dealer, to whom he paid $450 in gold. According to the statement 
 of Lewis, he was born in North Carolina, but had been sold from time to 
 time, until he passed into the ownership of Lemon and then to Kent. 
 When the latter concluded to come to Illinois, Lewis chose between coming 
 along and buying his freedom from Mr. Kent, and being sold again into 
 the hands of southern slave speculators. At St. Louis, in 1834, while they 
 were en route to Galena, Mr. Kent and Lewis entered into an agreement as 
 to the price which the latter was to pay for himself in work at $15 per 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 281 
 
 month, the stipulated price being $800, bearing ten per cent, interest — time, 
 six years and seven months. Both parties religiously kept the faith of the 
 agreement, and in four years and four months, Lewis M^orked his way into 
 freedom and independence. At the March meeting, 1842, of the County 
 Commissioners' Court, the following document, relating to this transaction, 
 was entered of record: 
 
 Be it remembered that at the present term, March, A. D. 1842, of the Couaty of Winne- 
 bago, State of Illinois, Lewis Lemon, a free man of coloi-, presented the evidence of his 
 being a free man by the following writing of Germanicus Kent, of said county, which being 
 duly acknowledged by him, is ordered to be hied and entered on record: 
 
 To all to whom these presents shall come. Greeting: That, whereas the undersigned, Ger- 
 manicus Kent, of Rockford, Illinois, did, in the year A. D. 183!), being then a resident of 
 the State of Alabama, purchase of Orrin D. Lemon, since deceased, a colored hoj named 
 Lewis, then about seventeen years of age, as a slave for life; and whereas, upon the removal 
 of the undersigned from said State of Alabama, to said State of Illinois; now this is to cer- 
 tify that said Lewis by my removmg him to said State of Illinois, and his residence there 
 ever since, did become free and emancipated from all services due to me as a slave, and that he 
 is, and hj right ought to be, free forever hereafter. And this is to further certify that said 
 Lewis was born a slave of said Orrin D. Lemon, then residing in Wake County (N. C.) from 
 whence he removed to Madison County, Alabama, where I purchased said Lewis of him. 
 The said Lewis is aged about twenty.seven years ; in person he is five feet, eight inches high, 
 well built, rather stout, and weighs about one hundred and seventy pounds ; his features 
 are good, dark yellow complexion, open and frank countenance, mouth prominent and 
 large lips. 
 
 In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal at Rockford, Illinois, this 
 sixth day of September, A. D. 1839. 
 
 [Seal.] Gekmanicus Kent. 
 
 In presence of W. E. Dunbar and William Hulin. 
 
 State of Illinois, Winnebago County, ss: This day before me, Selden M. Church, 
 Clerk of the Countjr Commissioners' Court of the said County, came Germanicus Kent, 
 known to me to be the real person described in, and who executed the within instrument of 
 writing, and acknowledged that he executed the same for the uses and purposes therein 
 expressed. 
 
 Given under my hand and private seal (there being no oflBcial seal provided), at Rock- 
 ford, this 11th day of March, A. D. 1842. 
 
 [Seal.] Selden M. Church, 
 
 Clerk County Commissioners' Court, Winnebago Co. 
 
 And it further appearing to the satisfaction of the said Court, that said Lewis Lemon 
 has resided in the State of Illinois as a man of color since the month of August, A. D. 1834, 
 and that he has demeaued himself as a sober and honest person, this Court doth therefore 
 order tliat the clerk ot the Court shall certify under the seal of the Court the facts aforesaid, 
 and that said Lewis Lemon is a free person of color, entitled to all rights and immunities 
 as such. 
 
 Thus was Lewis Lemon made an independent man. It is the only 
 document of record to remind the peoj^le of the county of the former 
 existence of slavery, and that one of its victims here found freedom and a 
 home. In August, 1877, Lewis Lemon, at the age of about sixty-five 
 years, ended his earthly pilgrimage, and was called to meet his kindred who 
 had gone before him to the land of the leal. 
 
 PLANK KOADS EIVER IMPROVEMENTS RAILROADS. 
 
 Ten years in the passage of time marks wonderful changes and improve- 
 ments in any country— among any people. But in no country, among no 
 people, perhaps, did that period of time bring greater changes than to the 
 country of the Winnebagoes and the Winnebago people. In the early sum- 
 mer of 1835, every soul living in the county could have been comfortably 
 seated in a 12x14 cabin. Ten years later settlements had reached to all 
 parts of the county. The wild prairies of a decade before had been reduced 
 to cultivation and remunerative tillage. Foundations for competence and 
 
282 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNXr. 
 
 independence had been laid, and were being successfully carried out. A 
 large surplus of farm produce was being raised for which a market abroad 
 must be found. There was little demand at home — almost everybody raised 
 enough and to spare. Hitherto the only means of transportation was by ox 
 or horse teams; the only means of travel by lumbering four-horse stage 
 coaches. Something else, something faster and something better was de- 
 manded, and the people began to think and plan. A plank road between 
 Rockford and Chicago had been discussed. An estimate on the probable 
 cost per mile had been made, and was set down at $3,860.37, or an aggre- 
 gate of $313,731.29. A convention had also been held at Sterling to con- 
 sider the improvement of Rock River so as to make it navagable. In 1843 
 a survey was made between Joliet and Aurora to determine if it were pos- 
 sible to supply the Illinois and Michigan canal from Fox River. The re- 
 port of the surveyors and engineers was highly favorable to the scheme. 
 The bed of the Fox River at Aurora was found to be forty feet higher than 
 the summit level of the canal, and the report set the people of the Rock 
 River valley, especially in the vicinity of Rockford, all agog. 
 
 "Indeed," said the report, "there are but two places on the whole line 
 that would require anything like heavy excavation. The deepest cut is 
 about fifteen feet, and the distance about twenty rods. The maximum cost 
 of a feeder with a tow path, and to answer all purposes of navigation, is 
 estimated at $200,000. * * * Should the plan be carried out, but one 
 further step remains to be taken. If a favorable route can be found, the 
 work will be extended from Aurora to Rockford. The interest of the com- 
 pany demands it — the city of Chicago, the farmers of Rock River, the 
 mineral region of Wisconsin, and the people of the state, all have an inter- 
 est in the undertaking." This undertaking was discussed for a time, but 
 like the plank road and kindred schemes was finally abandoned. At last, 
 in 1845, the people settled down to the consideration of railroad enter- 
 prises, and on the 28th of November of that year the initiatory meeting was 
 held to devise ways and means to interest the people in the building of a 
 railroad leading to Chicago. Anson S. Miller was chairman, and Selden M. 
 Church, secretary, and Hon. M. P. Sweet addressed the meeting. The fol- 
 lowing resolutions were adopted: 
 
 Besolvcd, That those counties interested in the construction of a railroad from Galena 
 to Chicago be recommended to meet in convention at Rockfock for the purpose of taking 
 measures for constructing said road at the earliest possible period. 
 
 Resolved, That said convention meet at the court house in Kockford, January 7, 1846. 
 
 Jason Marsh, T, D. Robertson and William Hulin were appointed a 
 committee of correspondence to carry out the spirit of the meeting; and 
 Horace Miller, A. C. Gleason, Reuben Barrett, Harvey Gregory, Robert J. 
 Cross, Asa Farnsworth, Stephen Mack, Thomas B. Talcott, Simon Petti- 
 bone, Guy Hulett, Snyder J. Fletcher, Alonzo Hall, Daniel Baker, E. S. 
 Cable, Harvey Woodrufi", Joseph Manchester, George Haskell, Willard 
 Wheeler, E. H. Potter, Newton Crawford, J. C. Goodhue, S. M. Church, 
 Anson Miller, Jason Marsh, and Thomas D, Robertson, were appointed to 
 address the meeting on the importance and necessity of the undertaking. 
 
 In all the counties from Chicago to Galena meetings were held and 
 delegates appointed to attend the Rockford Convention. Cook County sent 
 Isaac N. Arnold, J. Y. Scammon, J. B. F. Russell, Mark Skinner, Thomas 
 Dyer, E. W. Tracy, Jno. Davlin, Stephen F. Gale, Wm. H. Brown, Walter 
 L. Newberry, WiUiam E. Jones, Bryan W. Raymond, F. C. Sherman, Wil- 
 
HI8T0KT OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 283 
 
 liam Jones, and Mayor Aup;. Garrett, 16; DeKalb sent 1 delegate; 
 McHenry, 15; Eock Co., Wis., 3; Ogle, 80; Boone, 42; Lee, 1; Kane, 15; 
 Stephenson, 40; Winnebago, 100; Jo Daviess, 6; total, 319. 
 
 The following named gentlemen were chosen as permanent officers of 
 the meeting: President, Thomas Drummond, of Jo Daviess; Yice Presi- 
 dents, William H. Brown, of Cook; Joel Walker, of Boone; Spooner 
 Ruggles, of Ogle; and Elijah Wilcox, of Kane. Secretaries, T. D. Kobert- 
 son, of Winnebago; J. B. F. Knssell, of Cook; and S. P. Hyde, of 
 McHenry. 
 
 It is proper to remark in this connection that in 1836 a charter had 
 been obtained by New York parties under the name and style of the 
 Galena & Chicago Union Kailroad Company, for the purpose of building a 
 railroad from Galena to Chicago. This company had also secured a tract 
 of 1,000 acres of land on DuPage Kiver, and in 1838 had done some grad- 
 ing on the prairie west of Chicago. This much accomplished, the under- 
 taking was left in abeyance. Some time in the latter part of 1845, Messrs. 
 Ogden and Jones, of Chicago, negotiated with Messrs. Kevins and Matte- 
 son, of New York, for the purchase of this charter, and the DuPage land, 
 etc., for which they paid $20,000. 
 
 When the Kockford meeting of January 7, 1846, was fully organized, 
 Walter L. Newberry, of Cook County, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, If a satisfactory arrangement can be made with the present holders of the 
 stock of the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad Company, that the members of this con- 
 vention will use all honorable measures to obtain subscriptions to the stock of said company. 
 
 An animated and spirited discussion followed the introduction of this 
 resolution, which elicited a full history of the charter, its great powers, and 
 the happy results that would follow its purchase, and the completion of the 
 road under it, etc., after which the resolution was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Previous to the adoption of this resolution, a committee of one from 
 each county had been appointed to draft a series of resolutions expressive 
 of the views of the convention on the subject under consideration. That 
 committee consisted of the following named gentlemen, to wit: J. Y. 
 Scammon, of Cook; George T. Kasson, of McHenry; C. S. Hemsted. of ' 
 Jo Daviess; M. G. Dana, of Ogle; James S. Waterman, of DeKalb; W. 
 H. Gilman, of Boone; John A. Clark, of Stephenson; A. B. Wells, of 
 Kane; S. M. Church, of Winnebago. 
 
 This committee, through its chairman, J. Y. Scammon, submitted the 
 following report: 
 
 Resolved, That the wants of the farmers and business men of Northern Illinois, require 
 the immediate construction of a railroad from Chicago to Galena ; that the value of farms 
 upon the route would be doubled by the construction of the road, and the convenience of 
 the inhabitants immeasurably promoted thereby. 
 
 Resolved, That in order to accomplish the object of this convention, it is indispensably 
 necessary that the inhabitants and owners of property between Galena and Chicago should 
 come forward and subscribe to the stock of the proposed railroad, to the extent of their 
 ability ; and that, if each farmer upon the route shall take at least one share of the stock 
 ($100), the completion of the road would be placed beyond contingency. 
 
 This embraces the history of the beginning of the Illinois railroad 
 system, and was the nucleus around which has gathered so many accom- 
 plishments of that character — from which have grown similar undertakings, 
 until there is scarcely a county or county town in the entire State, that is 
 not accessible by railroad communication. 
 
284 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 Several subsequent meetings were held in Rockford, to promote the inter- 
 ests of the undertaking, urge subscriptions, etc., at which meetings the mag- 
 nitude of the undertaking, and its interests and benefits to the community 
 were presented by Messrs. Ogden, John Warner, Charles Walker and others. 
 John A. Holland, then residing in Rockford, but now deceased, was an 
 active advocate of the enterprise, and largely contributed to its success. 
 In 1S48, T. D. Robertson, now of the Winnebago National Bank, Mas 
 elected a director of the road, in which capacity he continued to serve until 
 the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad interests were consolidated with 
 the Chicago and Northwestern, in 1864. He also served as director in that 
 Company until July, 1867. 
 
 Aug. 20, 1852, the Galena and Cliicago Union Railroad was completed 
 to the east side of Rock river; and to the west side of the river, by the 
 erection of the necessary bridge, in August, 1853. 
 
 The next railroad undertaking was the organization of a company to 
 I'uild what was first known as the Rockford Central Railroad, intended to 
 run from Rockford to Mendota, on the Illinois Central railroad, and to 
 extend northward up Rock river to Beloit, Wisconsin, and other points in 
 that direction. This company was organized on the 7th of March, 1855, 
 with the following officers: 
 
 President, R. P. Lane; Secretary, E. H. Baker; Treasurer, C. H. Spaf- 
 ford; Attorney, Jason Marsh; Chief Engineer, R. Ogilby; Consulting 
 Engineer, R. B. Mason; Executive Committee, M. Starr, Jason Marsh, D. 
 S. Pentield. 
 
 The object of this road was to afford Rockford direct communication 
 with the coal fields in the southern part of the State, and the lumber 
 districts of Wisconsin. Other enterprises coming on about that time, 
 operations were never commenced on this line, other than mere temporary 
 surveys. 
 
 The project of building a road over this same route was again revived 
 in the spring of 1871, under the name of the Rockford Central R. R., and 
 several thousand dollars were expended in grading in Rockford and between 
 Rockford and Rochelle, and substantial stone piers for a bridge across Rock 
 river, just below the dam, were constructed; but this enterprise also fell 
 through for lack of funds and want of confidence in the chiet manager, E. 
 F. Hollister. In the summer of 1874, the project was again revived, under 
 the management of F. E. Hinkley, of the C. & I. R. R., and under his 
 manfigement, in 1875 the Rockford division of the C. & I. R. R. was com- 
 pleted and began running between Rockford and Rochelle. The road is a 
 valuable auxiliary to Rockford manufacturing interests, as it opens up a 
 close communication for that interest with the southwest, by means of the 
 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., in whose interests the C. & I. R. R. 
 is largely operated. 
 
 The third railroad enterprise inaugurated by the Rockford people, was 
 the Rockford and Kenosha line. A company to build this road was organ- 
 ized in November, 1856, and the following named gentlemen chosen as 
 oflicers : 
 
 President, C. H. Spafford; Yice President, R. P. Lane; Secretary, E. 
 H. Baker; Treasurer, A. C. Spatford; Executive Committee, J. Bond. J. 
 M. Capron, R. P. Lane, D. S. Penfield, Seeley Perry. 
 
 hi March, 1857, the contract for the construction of this road from 
 Rockford to Harvard was awarded. Beyond Harvard to Kenosha the road 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 285 
 
 was under a different management, and governed by a charter granted by 
 the legislature of Wisconsin. Although work was commenced on this road 
 in the early spring of 1857, its progress was slow, and in the fall of that 
 year, in consequence of the financial revulsions that paralyzed all industries 
 for the time, work was almost entirely suspended. In August, 1858, the 
 company had become so crippled,- that they found it necessary to apply to 
 the City Council for a loan of the city credit to the amount of $50,000, 
 which was granted by a vote of the people by a majority of five hundred. 
 This is the only instance in the history of liockford, where the credit of 
 the city was loaned in aid of a railroad, and from the results that followed 
 this experiment, it will pi'obably be the last. 
 
 In JSovember, 185!), the road was completed beween Kockford and 
 Harvard, and on the 21st of that month an excursion train arrived from 
 Chicago, bringing a number of guests from that city and intervening 
 points, and a grand banquet was held at the Holland House, the same 
 evening, in honor of the completion of the undertaking. The completion of 
 this road opened a competing line between Rockford and Chicago, under 
 the management of the Chicago and lISTortliwestern railway company, by 
 which the new road has continued to be operated. Until the last named- 
 road obtained control of the Galena and Chicago Union, the benefits of this 
 competition to Rockford interests were very marked, the rivalry became very 
 sharp, and at one time, passenger fare between Rockford and Chicago was 
 reduced to one dollar, 
 
 AGRICULTURAL. 
 
 The first Agricultural Society of Winnebago County was organized 
 April 13, 1841, with the following officers: 
 
 President — Dr. George Haskell; Vice President — Robert J. Cross; 
 Secretary — George W. Lee ; Directors — Horace Miller, Richard Montague, 
 I. M. Johnson, James S. Norton, N. Crawford, I. IST. Cunningham and 
 •Jonathan Wei don. 
 
 July 5th an adjourned meeting of the Society was held, when an 
 address was delivered by the president, after which the following resolu- 
 tions were passed, and an amended constitution adopted: 
 
 ''Resolved, That this Society tender their thanks to the president for 
 his address, and that Jason Marsh, James S. Norton and Jonathan Weldon 
 be a committee to confer with the president and request a copy of his 
 address for publication. 
 
 "2. That this Society regard with great interest the dissemination of 
 useful agricultural information among the farmers of this region ol country; . 
 and would therefore recommend the Union Agriculturalist to the people 
 of this county, as a paper adapted to their wants, and which promises to 
 be of important service to the cause of agriculture in Illinois. 
 
 "8. That as the soil and the rolling character of the lands in Winne- 
 bago County render this district one of the most eligible in the West for 
 wool-growing — that from past experience in raising sheep among us, it is 
 found" that they are less liable to disease than in most other sections of our 
 country, this Society regards the growing of wool as among the most cer- 
 tain, easy and profitable productions; one which, when the home market 
 shall be supplied, can be transported to a distant market for a small per- 
 centage of its value; and theretore we would earnestly recommend persons 
 from abroad who contemplate remoying to this region, and our own farmers, 
 
286 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COIJNTT. 
 
 to embark in the growing of wool as a profitable and certain sonrce of 
 wealth, 
 
 "The annual meeting of the Society and Cattle Show will be on the 
 second Wednesday in October, when premiums will be given on the follow- 
 ing articles. The amount of the premiums will be governed by the funds 
 of the Society on hand at that time. "Where nothing more substantial is 
 awarded, a certificate will be given." 
 
 The preuiium list was a small affair, only occupying forty-six lines 
 (newspaper measure) of minion type. Seven premiums were ollered on 
 horses, six on cattle, four on hogs, two on sheep, one for the best cultivated 
 ten, acres of land, taking into account the condition of the land and. the 
 amount of the crop; for the best twenty-five ^pounds of butter, for the best 
 cheese weighing fifteen pounds and over, "for the best ten yards of Hannel 
 manufactured in the county, for the best fifty "skeins of silk manufactured 
 in the county, and for the best ten pounds of beet sugar manufactured in 
 the county." 
 
 The announcement further added: "Premiums may be given for other 
 articles not specified in the list, which may be presented at the fair, and 
 which may be considered worthy of a premium. * * * ^g 
 the great object of the Society is im^^rovement, it is hoped all who have 
 anything wort/iy of exhibition will present it at the Cattle S/iow.'''' 
 
 September 13th, the quarterly meeting -of the Executive Officer* of the 
 Society was held, when the following resolutions were adopted 
 
 '■'■Resolved, That the annual fairs be held at Rockford alternately, on 
 the east and west side of the river, commencing the present season on the 
 east side." 
 
 '■'■Resolved, That all the available funds of the society be distributed in 
 premiums on the day of the cattle show, and that the premiums be paid in 
 agricultural publications." 
 
 '■'■Resolved, That George Haskell, J. Weldon, and George W. Lee, be a 
 committee to prepare a code of By-Laws for the society." 
 
 '■^Resolved, That with a view of extending the benefits of the Winne- 
 bago Agricultural Society, of enlisting the combined efforts of the farmers 
 of this county in sustaining the society, J. Weldon be appointed our agent 
 to obtain members of the society, and to collect the moneys for the same, 
 which shall be devoted to the payment of the premiums at the ensuing cattle 
 show." 
 
 '■'Resolved, That the society meet at two o'clock p. m. on the 13tli day 
 of October, and form a procession under the direction of Jason Marsh, 
 Esq., Marshal of the day, and march to the place appointed for the delivery 
 of the address." 
 
 '■'•Resolved, That D. S. Haight, Dr. Goodhue, and C. I. Horsman, be a 
 committee of jwrangements to prepare a place for a show, and to make all 
 the necessary preparations for exhibitions, rent a room for the delivery of 
 an address, and for facilitating the passage over the ferry." 
 
 I. K. Cunningham, J. W'eldon, and Lebbeus Wilson, were appointed a 
 committee on horses; Milton Kilbourne, Horace Miller, and Samuel Hayes, 
 on cattle: Isaac M. Johnson, J. S. JSr()rton, and Ezra S. Cable, on sheep; 
 0. I. Horsman, Alonzo Carey, and Jason Marsh, on cultivated lands; B. T. 
 Lee, Peter B. Johnson, D. S. Haight, P. H. Watson, and James B. Martyn, 
 on hogs; H. Leach, Henry ^Thurston, and W. E. Dunbar, on domestic 
 articles. 
 
(Q£C eased) 
 
 ROCKTON 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 289 
 
 According to the Rockford Pilot, of the 21st of October, the show was 
 considered a brilliant success, being "generally attended by our farmers, 
 and many persons of distinction from the neighboring counties appeared as 
 spectators and participants." 
 
 "The various committees met at 11 o'clock a. m. and proceeded to the 
 grove adjoining the village (east side) where they made their examinations." 
 Tiie society had nothing but rail pens for the accommodation of stock. 
 While the committees "were examining the stock, "the exhibition ot domes- 
 tic articles was open at the hall of the Rc>ckford House. By two o'clock, 
 the several committees had completed the duties assigned them, and under 
 the direction of Jason Marsh, marshal of the da3% the spectators and exhib- 
 itors were formed in procession, and marched to the court house, where a 
 large number of ladies and gentlemen had already assembled, and where 
 the address was to be delivered. The meeting was opened with praj^er, by 
 Kev. Mr. Potter, and the address delivered by Dr. J. C. Goodhue, which 
 was listened to with great attention and interest. The address was both 
 practical and illustrati\'^, and contained just the lessons which, if put in 
 practice by our farmers, would secure happier results to their agricultural 
 labors. He dwelt with great effect and eloquence upon the bright pros- 
 pects which await- the farmers of this fertile valley, and with a just severity 
 upon their laxity in not introducing the strict principles of mental econ- 
 omy into their agricultural occupations, and presented a practical knowledge 
 of his subject, which showed that he had not studied alone in the school 
 Esculapius." 
 
 Bj five o'clock the premiums had all been awarded, and the people 
 "homeward bound." 
 
 Premiums were awarded as follows: 
 
 Hors^es. — Best stallion, J. S. Norton; best three years' old stallion, 
 Samuel Brown; best two years' old stallion, Adam Keith; best broodmare. 
 H. P. Reddington; best yearling colt, L. O. Wallem; best two years' old 
 colt, Samuel Brown. 
 
 CattU. — Best bull, of any age, B. T. Lee, for his "Duke of Wellington," 
 imported with his dam on the ship "Splendid," Captain Proal, from Liver- 
 pool, in 1836; best two years' old bull (three fourths Durham), J. S. 
 Norton; second best same, Jared Ilickox; best cow, of any age, with calf 
 ten months' old, sired by "Duke of Wellington," Horace Miller; best 
 heifer under two years, Horace Miller; best heifer calf, P. H. Watson. 
 
 Sheep. — Best buck, Charles Richings. No ewes were shown. 
 
 Hogs. — Best boar (thorough bred Berkshire), Horace Miller; second 
 best same, Wilson, Byron, Ogle County; best sow (Irish graziers), J. S. 
 Norton; two best pigs, Willard Wheeler and Spaiford Marsh. 
 
 Domestic Articles. — Cheese, Milton Kilbourne; butter, John Straw; 
 silk, Asa Crosby; cocoons, superior quality, exhibited by Messrs. Morgan 
 and Horsman and Dr. Haskell; China tree corn, C. L Horsman; Baden 
 same, D. S. Haight; White Dent same, J. Paul; round pink-eyed potatoes, 
 H. Enoch. 
 
 Fruit. — Messrs. Morgan and Horsman exhibited some beautiful speci- 
 mens of Isabella grapes. 
 
 The Misses Paul, five straw bonnets and one hat of superior manufac- 
 ture. Isaac Harrod showed a spinning wheel of good quality. 
 
 And this is the report entire of the first Agricultural Fair held in 
 Northern Illinois. 
 
290 fflSTOKT OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 The second annual Cattle Show and Fair of the "Winnebago County 
 Agricultural Society" was held on Tuesday and Wednesday, the 11th and 
 12th days of October, 1842, and, according to the Pilot and the Prairie 
 Farmer of those days, was a most gratifying success. The premium list 
 was much larger and embraced a much wider range than the previous one. 
 Of this fair, the Pilot of October 13tli, the day after the fair, said: 
 
 "The weather was beautiful, as if ordered expressly foi- the occasion. 
 The attendance was large, and the show of stock, etc., highly creditable to the 
 enterpriseof the farming community. -^ * * Yesterday was really a grand 
 gala day, and will be remembered with pleasure by us, who, in all probability, 
 have looked for the last time upon a gathering of the people of this section 
 of the country. A goodly sight it was, indeed. The farmer was tho^re, in 
 his independence, as the foundation of all; the mechanic was there in his 
 pride of genius, showing the power ot mind in the apj^lication of bodily 
 power to accomplish results. The women were there — 
 
 " ' The glow of whose presence was warmer 
 Thaa the sunniest juice of the wine.' 
 
 "At 12 o'clock M., the Congregational Church was crowded by a con- 
 course of citizens, and an address deliv^ered by Anson S. Miller, Esq., that, 
 though the speaker was sutfering from recent illness, was such a masterly 
 elfort that it was requested for publication. Mr. Miller spoke without 
 notes, yet he was so thoroughly impressed with his subject that his elo- 
 quence commanded the undivided attention of his large and intelligent 
 audience for more than an hour. After the address, the throng of people 
 were formed in procession and marched out to the grove west of town, 
 where a most elegant free dinner was provided, and to which everybody 
 was invited. The tables were tastefully arranged, and supplied with the 
 choicest viands the country afforded." 
 
 This society kept up its organization and annual exhibitions for several 
 years, when it went down under the pressure of the times. In 1852, another 
 organization was accomplished, and out of which the present proud, enter- 
 prising, influential and well-managed Winnebago Agricultural Society has 
 grown. The present society was organized under a general law of the 
 Legislature, passed in January, 1855, and becoming operative in February 
 following. The first officers of the new society were: 
 
 President — H. P. Sloan, of Winnebago; Vice President — H. Starkey, 
 of Cherry Yalley; Treasurer — H. E.. Enoch, of Kockford; Secretary, 
 R. Ogilby, of Rockford; Corresponding Secretary — E. W, Blaisdell, of 
 Kockford; Recording Secretary — Thomas Y. Kirkpatrick; Directors — R. 
 J. Cross, Koscoe; Milton Kilbourne, Rockford; Lewis O. Owen, Owen; R, 
 H. Saunders, Fecatonica; Horace Miller, New Milford. A few years later 
 the number of Directors was increased to six, and the time of holding the 
 annual business meetings, election of officers, etc., changed from January to 
 February. 
 
 Until 1858, the society held its exhibitions on leased or rented grounds. 
 Its buildings and other accommodations were temporary and poor. Its 
 floral hall was a huge canvas tent, and its rental to other counties was one 
 of its sources of revenue — Boone County at one time paying fifty dollars 
 for its use for their fair. In 1858, the society purchased of C. I. Horsman, 
 for $600 per acre, twelve acres of ground, since when other purchases were 
 made, increasing the grounds to twenty-two acres. Immediately after the 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 291 
 
 first purchase from Horsman, permanent improvements were commenced, 
 and have been continued from time to time, until now the Winnebago 
 Fair grounds are the most complete and convenient in the state. In Feb- 
 ruary List (1877), the real estate and improvements were valued at $40.- 
 976.67. The indebtedness was $7,979.27, leaving the assets of the society* 
 at $32,997.40 above its liabilities. 
 
 The present officers of the society are: President — H. "W. Carpenter, 
 Eockford; Vice President — John Lake, Rockford; Secretary — ^Henry P. 
 Kimball, Rockford;- Treasurer — G. A. Sanford, Rockford; Directors — 
 Lawrence McDonald, Seward; Lucien B. Williams, Harrison; James R. 
 Bartlett, ISTew Milford; John Smith, Harlem; A. E. Cutter, Rockford; 
 Selden M. Church, Rockford; and E. S. Bartholomew, ex-officio. 
 
 In 1875, Mr. Henry P. Kimball, the secretary of the society for seven- 
 teen years, by authority and consent of the Board of Directors, extended 
 an invitation to Jefferson Davis to be present at the annual exhibition in 
 September, and deliver the annual address. This invitation and its accept- 
 ance stirred up such o. furore of excitement among the people of JMorthern 
 Illinois as to induce Mr. Davis to withdraw his acceptance. The corre- 
 spondence thus necessitated became a matter of national notoriety, and as 
 such is made to form a part of the history we are writing, and is therefore 
 included. 
 
 MR. Kimball's letter of invitation. 
 
 Rockford, Winnebago Co., III. } 
 July 1st, 1875. )' 
 
 Hon. .Jefferson Davis, Ex-President of the Southern Confederacy, Memphis, Ten- 
 nessee: — In behalf of the Oflicial Board of the WinnebagoCouuty Agricultural Association, 
 I have the honor to invite you to deliver its Annual Address, September 16th of the cur- 
 rent year. As a partial remuneration for your . services and incidental expenses, 1 
 herewith offer you the sum of Five Hundred dollars. I also guarantee you a con- 
 vention of forty thousand of the representatives of the industry, culture and progress of 
 the great Northwest, who will receive you with courteous civility, unless, indeed, I 
 have greatly misinterpreted the clemency, thospitality and Christian magnanimity of 
 our people. 
 
 The wisdom, propriety and justice of my invitation are established upon the immuta- 
 ble principles of our holy Christianity and the diviner qualities of our humanity. 
 
 Ten long years of political feuds and sectional antagonisms have passed away since 
 our victorious Armies furled their battle-flags, and with triumphal marches and crowned 
 with garlands of victory, passed through the Gates of our National Capitol to their Northern 
 homes. 
 
 Gradually have the jealousies and animosities engendered by so severe a contest 
 died away. The South, by the most bitter and unparalleled reverses, has been com- 
 pelled to accept the verdict of our invincible arms. Struggling in her weakness and des- 
 titution to rebuild the ruined palaces of her Industry, and develop her natural resources 
 by free and intelligent labor, she stretches forth her arms of hospitality and welcome, 
 and appeals for assistance to the capital and philanthropy of tlie North. She opens the 
 gates of her borders to the East and the West; and to the very men, who, by the con- 
 tinued agitation of the Emancipation Measures, precipitated the conflict, she tenders 
 the olive branch of peace and strews their advent with flowers. 
 
 The Government, by the prerogatives of its high tribunals, has long ago adjusted the 
 measures of reconstructioii and the rights of citizenship. It beccmies no part of the duty 
 of a private citizen, in the exercise of a spirit of revenge, to interfere with the enactments 
 of Congress, or the judgments of our Supreme Court. To our Sovereign States, 
 united under the constitution and protection of the General Government, the highest in- 
 centives are now presented, in view of the grand posibilities of our nation's future des- 
 tiny, to cultivate amity and fellowship with each other, and, by friendly intercourse and 
 commercial exchange, to co-operate to re-establish our former Union. 
 
 Underlying my invitation to your excellency, is a higher significance than what 
 may be involved in a mere business engagement. It is my spl/it and purpose to recog- 
 nize the accomplishments of genius and the qualities of brilliant statesmenship, wherever 
 existing, whatever may have been the errors and misjudgments of the past. 
 
292 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 Hoping that you will honor our Association with an early acceptance, and, person- 
 ally, desiring that a beneficent Providence may crown your advancing j^ears with peace, 
 honor and prosperity, 
 
 I have the honor to remain. 
 
 Yours truly 
 * Henky p. Kimbell, 
 
 Sec. Winnebago County Ag. Soc. 
 
 MR. DAVIS' LETTER OF ACCEPTANCE. 
 
 Memphis, Tenn., Aug. 5, 1875. 
 
 H. P. Kimball, Secretary, &c. — Bear Sir: Yours of the 1st inst. has been re- 
 ceived, and I have the honor to accept the invitation to address the patrons of the Industrial 
 Association of Winnebago County at their meeting in September next, and, unless pre- 
 vented by some unforeseen cause, will be with you on the 14th proximo, the commence- 
 ment day of your exposition. 
 
 Your previous letter on the same subject would have been replied to but for the un- 
 certainty which existed then and until several days past as to the probability of arranging 
 some business matters so as to permit my absence at the time specified. 
 
 I have long desired to revisit your county and witoess the wonderful development 
 which has been made since I left it. It was then a wilderness, occupied by savages. The 
 courteous invitation extended to me is therefore doubly welcome. 
 
 With cordial thanks to your associates and to yourself, I am respectfully and truly 
 yours, 
 
 Jefferson Davis. 
 
 In the time of the Indian trouble throiiiS;h this country Jeif. Davis, 
 with other men of that day and generation, helped subdue them. Later, 
 however, he became the representative man and leader in the attempt to 
 establisli an independent confederacy out of the slave States, and, although 
 unsuccessful, the horrors of the war that followed were not forgotten. 
 When his promised attendance was announced, the memories of war times 
 were kindled anew in the loyal heart, and a cry of opposition was raised 
 that was soon borne to the ears of the Confederate chieftain, giving him to 
 know that his presence would be offensive almost beyond toleration. In 
 giving shape to this opposition the G. L. JS"evins Post, G. A. E., of Rock- 
 ford, were the lirst to move, and caused to be issued the following protest : 
 
 " Whereas, We learn, with regret, that Jefferson Davis has been in- 
 vited bv the Board of Directors of the Winnebago xigricultural Society to 
 deliver the annual address at our county fair; and whereas we look upon it 
 as an insult to the loyal citizens of Winnebago County to invite the arch- 
 traitor, Jeff. Davis, to address the relatives and surviving friends of thir- 
 teen thousand men murdered at Andersonville alone, by his orders, 
 
 ^'I^esolved, That while as an organization we have nothing to do with 
 politics, yet, as loyal citizens and former soldiers, we feel it our duty to 
 speak in behalf of the memory of our fallen comrades, who are no longer 
 able to speak for themselves. 
 
 " 2. That we protest against the action of the Board of Directors, and 
 pledge ourselves that we will not attend the fair, nor contribute anything 
 toward making it a success, if the Board of Directors persist in bringing 
 forward this arch-traitor and coward. 
 
 " 3. That these resolutions be signed by the members of this Post, and 
 published in the county papers." 
 
 This protest was signed by one hundred and twenty-six members of 
 the Post, and a printed copy thereof forwarded to Mr. Davis, upon the re- 
 ceipt of which he addressed to Mr. Kimball the following 
 
HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 293 
 
 LETTER OF REVOCATION. 
 
 Memphis, Tenn., Aug. 15, 1875. 
 
 Hy. p. Kimball, Secretary Winnebago County Agricultural Society, Rock- 
 ford, III. — Dear Sir: I, yesterday, sent to you a telegram annouucing my revocation of 
 the coaditioned acceptance ot the invitation to address your Association at tlie annual 
 meeting in September next. 
 
 The long period that has elapsed since the receipt of your first letter, and the consid- 
 erate courtesy which has marked your correspondence, makes it a dut^^ to the Board and to 
 myself that a sutHcieut explanation should be given of this change of purpose. 
 
 Three objects mainly induced me to accept the invitation: First, the hope that per- 
 sonal intercourse might remove some of the prejudices which had been generated b}^ par- 
 tisan fictions, and nurtured by individual and sectional hate. Anxious now, as iu former 
 years, to promote the interest of our great Valley of the Mississippi, and believing that, 
 with mutual confidence and co-intelligence, much could be done for their advancement, I 
 only delayed my acceptance of your invitation until it became reasonable that it could 
 be met. 
 
 The productive capacity of the JSTorthwest needs for its development cheaper and 
 safer transportation to the markets of the Southwest, and also to those of foreign countries. 
 In England, especially, earnest attention has been directed for several years past to a more 
 direct and economical trade with the Mississippi Valley. In this connection there was a 
 desire to confer with the patrons of husbandry in your rich and prosperous section. To 
 discuss with them the questions involved in securing better means of transporting your 
 farm products to the most favorable markets, and of providing agencies which should in- 
 sure larger returns to the producer, and, by such conference, to learn the views of our men 
 of the family of the Mississippi Valley A family the chief interest of all the members of 
 which is agriculture, but cultivators of such various crops as to make the trade among 
 themselves extensive and lucrative, while it stamps upon each and all the same interest and 
 the same policy as their foreign trade. 
 
 To render such a conference efl'ectual, there must needs be a disposition to attend to 
 the subject under consideration, surely not a purpose to smother it by the interposition of 
 matters having no just relation to it. 
 
 The second object was to recognize the courtesy of your Board, and I was encour- 
 aged to believe that your reception of me would be beneficial, rather than injurious, to 
 your Association. This was the more supposable beause several other agricultural socie- 
 ties of Illinois had, in like manner, invited me to address their annual meetings. 
 
 Yesterday, I received a printed paper, being the protest of a number of your fellow- 
 countrymen against the action of your Board in their invitation to me to make the annual 
 address at the county meeting. Thereupon I sent to you the telegram withdrawing my ac- 
 ceptance of the invitation, under the conviction that it would not be useful nor agreeable to 
 participate iu the meeting, and I now hope that neither your Association nor the Directors 
 will sutter harm by the delay in procuring an orator, or by the correspondence which has 
 caused it. 
 
 The third object was to gratify a wish, long entertained, to see in its cultivated dress 
 a country known by me as a trackless wilderness; but, that being merely a personal gratifi- 
 cation, it may be indulged at my convenience, or postponed indefinitely. I can well be- 
 lieve that the cause which has changed my purpose was unforeseen by you, as by me, and 
 you may be assured that I feel no dissatisfaction toward the Directors or yourself, and have 
 suffered no personal " embarrassment " from the event. As the invitation was unexpected, 
 and only accepted as the expression of general good will, so my only regret is the loss of 
 opportunity to promote a public interest with which the welfare of your community is 
 identified. 
 
 Again expressing the hope that neither the Directors nor yourself may sufi'er injury or 
 annoyance, and thanking you for the kindness and consideration you have manifested, I 
 am respectfully yours, Jefferson Davis. 
 
 Whatever may be said about the policy of extending the invitation to 
 Mr. Davis, it had the eifect to advertise the Winnebago exhibition for 1875 
 as no society was ever advertised before, and probably never will be again. 
 The controversies it engendered were not confined to Winnebago County, 
 or the State of Illinois. It spread all over the country, and at St. Louis 
 grew so furious as to end in a challenge to mortal comlDat between two ed- 
 itors of St. Louis papers — Colonel Emory S. Foster, of the Journal, and 
 Major John N. Edwards, of the Dispatch. Major Edwards had been a 
 member of Jo Shelby's famous rebel brigade from the time it was organ- 
 ized until the war closed, after which, with a large number of his comrades, 
 
294 SISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COITNTY. 
 
 he sought exile in Mexico, rather than to surrender with the remainder of 
 the rebel army, and remained absent for a period of two or three years, but 
 linally returned to St. Louis. When the protest of the jSTevins Post, G. A. 
 R., reached St. Louis, Edwards made it the subject of a very malignant edi- 
 torial article, not only reflecting upon the Illinois soldiers, but upon the 
 women of the State as well, intimating very plainly that in many of their 
 homes there M'ere pianos and other articles that had been stolen from Jeff. 
 Davis' Southern neighbors. Foster had been Colonel of a Federal regi- 
 ment during the war, and he at once espoused the cause of the soldiers and 
 the women of Illinois, especially those of the Winnebago country, and, through 
 the columns of the Journal^ repelled the insinuations of Edwards in a way 
 to arouse his old war spirit. He regarded Foster's retort as a personal in- 
 sult — a base reflection upon his honor, and at once determined to demand 
 redress according to the code duello — in former years a prevailing practice 
 of settling personal difiiculties among the Southern chivalry. Foster and 
 Edwards dad met on more than one field of battle during the war, and had 
 reason to know each other's mettle. Edwards sent a challenge to Foster, 
 which was accepted. The details of the necessary arrangements were re- 
 ferred to their respective friends. And, as the difficulty had grown out of 
 the Winnebago invitation to Jeff. Davis, the fair grounds here were chosen 
 as the place where it should be settled. The time fixed was Saturday, Sep- 
 tember 4, 1875. On the morning of that day the principals, their seconds, 
 a friend or two, a surgeon, and one or two ubiquitous newspaper reporters, 
 arrived from Chicago, and took rooms and dinner at the Holland House. 
 In the afternoon the terrors of Illinois laws against dueling began to haunt 
 them, and the fair grounds were abandoned for a place a little more remote 
 from officers of the law. Hacks were engaged, and the belligerents and 
 their respective attacJies were driven up toward the Wisconsin State line, 
 as far as Brown's Creek, in Owen, where they halted, a little before 5 
 o'clock. A spot was selected a short distance off the main road, the dis- 
 tance agreed upon, staked ofl", and positions chosen. Both men were cool, 
 calm and collected — Foster all the while smoking a cigar. Time was soon 
 called, and the men came to the scratch like old soldiers. At the words 
 "one, two, three," there was a simultaneous discharge and report of two 
 pistols, but neither one of the combatants were scathed. Edwards wanted 
 another trial, but Foster did not. As the challenged party, his honor and 
 courage had been vindicated, and he sought nothing else. Shaking hands, 
 the parties separated, and started for home — Edwards and his party going 
 up through Wisconsin, and Foster and his friends going in another direc- 
 tion. And so ended what promised to be a bloody and murderous com- 
 bat — that is, if the heroes ( ? ) were in earnest and their weapons loaded with 
 balls or cartridges. 
 
 Some time afterwards, Governor Beveridge issued a requisition upon 
 the Governor of Missouri for the rendition of Foster and Edwards to the 
 authorities of Winnebago County, but for some cause never fully or satis- 
 factorily explained to the public, the rendition was never accomplished. 
 
 In 1877, Mr. Kimball invited another representative man of the south 
 — Governor Wade Hampton, of South Carolina — to attend the exposition 
 and deliver the annual address. While this invitation and its acceptance 
 elicited some expressions of disapproval, the dissatisfaction was not so 
 general as' in the case of Mr. Davis, and the large audience that greeted 
 Governor Hampton's appearance on the Winnebago Fair Grounds, on 
 
SISTOKY OF WINNEiBAGO COUNTY. 295 
 
 Thursday, Sept. 13, 187T, and the marked attention 2:iveu to his address, 
 gave evidence that the bitter memories engendered bj the war had well 
 nigh died out. As shown by the number of tickets sold that day, 17,000 
 persons were in attendance. At the hour of two o'clock in the afternoon, 
 the time set for the delivery of the address, nearly the whole of this vast 
 congregation of people had assembled in front of and around the speaker's 
 stand, presenting an audience such as few public men ever addressed. Gov- 
 ernor Hampton was introduced by Hon, William Lathrop, Republican 
 member of Congress from this district, in a few brief, but well chosen, re- 
 marks, and if there had been any doubts entertained as to how the speaker 
 would be received, they were quickly dispelled by the hearty demonstra- 
 tions of welcome and good-will that greeted him as he appeared at the front 
 of the stand. His address was a very happy and felicitious one, and fre- 
 quently interrupted by loud applause. 
 
 In a work of this character, the re-production of Governor Hampton's 
 address would be out of place, but there were some parts of it so full of 
 wisdom, so appropriate to the condition of the times, as to demand preser- 
 vation. In that part of it which we quote below, there is a lesson that 
 every one may study with profit. Referring to the vast extent of Illinois, 
 to what the people of the State had accomplished in times past, and to what 
 they might accomplish in time to come, Governor Hampton said : 
 
 " I would like to talk to you, if I had time, of your great State. I 
 may not live to see it, but many of you will live to see these fertile valleys 
 filled up. A part of your State is called ' E»yj)t.' Why could you not be 
 as prosperous as the Egypt of old ? We are told by ancient writers that 
 along the Nile there were in a space of ten or twelve thousand square miles 
 twenty thousand cities and towns and eight millions of people in them. 
 You in. Illinois have over fifty thousand square miles. What would it be 
 if your population was in the same proportion ? You have a soil as rich 
 as that on the Nile. You have a climate far better, and above all, you are 
 peopled by the younger races of the world, and the grandest destiny that 
 was ever offered to a people is in your hands. Think what the Mississippi 
 Valley is. Think that it reaches from the Blue Mountains on the east' to 
 the Rocky Mountains on the west, and that it runs from the tropics to 
 where perpetual snow shines in the sunlight. Think of the hundreds of 
 millions of people that could be supported here, and then think of the 
 glorious destiny that must be yours; and when you think of what may be 
 that glorious destiny, forget not what was the destiny of the people 
 of Egypt. Rich and cultivated as thej were, with science, educa- 
 tion and everything but religion, they have died, leaving only stupendous 
 pyramids as burial places for their dead, and the ruins of splendid temples 
 that were dedicated to the worship of apes and crocodiles. You have the 
 great problem to solve that the people of all times have had to solve. The 
 great problem of the relations of labor to capital, the great problem ot the 
 relations of people and States to the general government, and that problem 
 is made more difficult by the infusion of universal sufirage. But I believe 
 that we can solve that question if we devote to it one half the energy that 
 we do to material pursuits. We can do it by education; and when I say 
 education, I do not mean the mere improving of faculties so that one 
 can read and write. I mean the education of the heart and soul, as well as 
 the mind. When you have succeeded in doing that, when you will make a 
 man learn that all learning is foolishness in the light of God, when you can 
 
296 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 teach him that, and make him look to God for hfe and freedom, then we 
 will be on the high road that leads to peace, prosperitj' and happiness." 
 
 Governor Hampton was followed by Gen. Sam. F. Carey, of Ohio, the 
 great Buckeye temperance apostle, a former member of Congress, and the 
 greenback candidate for Vice-President in 1876. His speech on this occa- 
 sion was one of the best of his life, and well adapted to the times and full 
 of progressive ideas. Commencing with the time when he was a boy, wear- 
 ing tow-linen shirts — and it made his back itch now to think of them — he 
 noted the great improvements that had been made in farm machinery, and 
 everything else that renders the American people the wonder, admiration 
 and envy of the rest of the civilized world for their great achievements in 
 the arts, sciences and all else that makes a people' proud, prosperous and 
 happy. Full of sound, practical sense, happily illustrated by humorous 
 anecdotes of the prejudices entertained by the people of the not very long 
 ago against temperance, the common-school system, the railroad, the tele- 
 graph, and kindred enterprises, particularly in some parts of the south, 
 He'kept his vast audience enchained by his eloquence for nearly two hours. 
 
 The hi St agricultural address delivered in the county was rendered 
 before the original society — the one organized April 13, 18-11 — by Dr. 
 George Haskell, in July of that year. A copy of the address was solicited 
 for publication at the time, but for reasons satisfactory to himself, the request 
 was not honored. In after years, when Winnebago County and Rockford, 
 whose growth he had watched and fostered from their earliest beginnings, 
 had attained prosperity and prominence, he removed to Yineland, New 
 Jersey, where he died in 1876. A year or two before his death, while 
 visiting his daughter, the wife of Henry P. Kimball, Esq., he presented to 
 Mr. Kimball the original manuscript of the address referred to, together 
 with the correspondence that ensued between him and the committee 
 appointed to sohcit it for publication thirty-six years ago, with the request 
 that the papers be preserved among the other agricultural records of the 
 county. Among the early settlers of the county, a warm and ardent friend 
 of the -tillers of the soil, of quick perceptions, a deep thinker and ardently 
 attached to agricultural pursuits as the basis of all wealth and prosperity, 
 his address of that day is full of merit and as worthy of preservation in the 
 history of the county he and his descendants helped to make as any of more 
 modern date, and will no doubt be read with great interest. It is herewith 
 appended. 
 
 address kead before the agricultukal society of winnebago county, 
 
 July 5, 1841. 
 
 ^'■Gentlemen: — As you have requested me to address you on the present 
 occasion, I have consented to do so from a sense of duty; not that I feel 
 competent to do justice to the subject for the consideration of which we 
 have assembleil at this time, but if I can impart any information that will 
 benefit my fellow-citizens, or direct their attention to matters in which all 
 are deeply interested, I shall feel that my labor has not been in vain. It is 
 not the farmer alone who is to be benefited by the formation of agricultural 
 societies, and the improvements which such societies may be the means of 
 making in the community, but the mechanic, the manufacturer, the mer- 
 chant, the professional man, and in fact every member of society, whatever 
 may be his condition or calling, is interested in agricultural improvement. 
 
 " The earth everywhere abounds with the elements of human happiness 
 
'=«?'. 
 
 Sampson George 
 
 (deceased) 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 299 
 
 and comfort. To man has been consigned, bj a beneficent Providence, the 
 capacity and dut}^ of cnltivatinf^ the soil, and of rendering those elements 
 subservient to our wants and our highest enjoyments. And it has been 
 wisely ordained tliat our temporal reward shall be in a measure proportioned 
 to the fidelity with which we perform our high duties to ourselves, our 
 fellow men and our Creator. The cultivation of the earth was the primitive 
 employment of man. It is still the great business among all civilized 
 nations, and particularly in our own country, and it must ever remain so, 
 as it is alike necessary to our wants, our happiness and our existence as an 
 independent people. All other arts and employments which distinguish 
 civilized life are dependent upon agriculture for support and existence. If 
 the cultivation of the soil were to cease, and the earth to withhold her con- 
 tributions, all the arts, trades and professions would fail, the world would 
 become a wilderness and man a savage. Where do we find society in its 
 most enlightened, refined and improved condition? Take a survey of the 
 present condition of this globe, and you will find that nations and people 
 are enlightened and prosperous in proportion to the improved state of their 
 agriculture, and that the other arts of useful industry prosper or decline as 
 this parent art is productive or unproductive. As proof of this I will refer 
 you to the history of Egypt, of Greece, Asia Minor, Italy and Spain, which 
 in turn have been the granaries, in a measure, of the civilized world, which 
 have risen and declined with the condition of their agriculture. While that 
 flourished, commerce and the arts flourished among them and they were 
 prosperous and powerful. But as the agriculture of those countries declined, 
 or was destroyed by the inroads of hostile armies, by the arbitrary sway of 
 despotic power, or the corrupting influence of comiiiercial cupidity and 
 extravagance, the physical and moral energies of those nations were broken 
 down, and they became impotent and servile. Some of their once fairest 
 portions have been made desert by the violence of men; commerce and the 
 arts have fled to countries where agriculture flourished, and their population 
 has degenerated into a miserable set of poor, ignorant, enslaved human 
 beings, objects of pity and Christian benevolence. 
 
 " Kow look at those countries where agriculture is most prosperous, 
 where the greatest attention is paid to the cultivation and improvement of 
 the soil, and there you will find the moral and intellectual condition of the 
 people the most elevated, and human rights most respected. Where the 
 mental and physical powers are so happily combined and employed on 
 objects so useful to themselves and to society as those embraced by agricul- 
 tural labor, there is little inducement, little temptation, to immoral habits; 
 but there is a strong disposition in the inhabitants to maintain a healthful 
 state of morals and preserve in full vigor all the relative and social virtues, 
 which constitute the main ingredients in our cup of happiness. Pauperism 
 and crime are generally the fruits of indolent habits of body or of mind, 
 which agriculture neither encourages nor permits. As productive labor is 
 the source of moral healtii to the body politic, it should be honored that it 
 may more abound. Agriculture has, and ever must have, an important 
 bearing upon our political destinies. The farmers of our country will be 
 the last class to be corrupted by the bribes and blandishments of power — 
 the last class to part with republican habits, to degenerate under the baleful 
 and enervating influences of extravagance, dissipation and fashion. 
 
 "The higher the condition of agricultural improvement, the greater 
 will be the intelligence and independence of the agriculturist, and the 
 
300 HISTORY or WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 stronger his inclination mid his influence in perpetuating the virtues of our 
 revohitionary fathers, and in maintaining in their purity the institutions 
 which they estabhshed, and defending them from foreign and domestic foes. 
 Whether, therefore, we regard agriculture as a necessary branch of industry, 
 indispensible to our wants, and adapted to the development and useful 
 employment of our physical and mental powei^s, or in its influence upon 
 the moral, social and political aspect ot society^ we find in it abundant 
 claims to our highest regards and warmest support. 
 
 " It has been said that in fixing on a location for life, the grand requisites 
 to comfort are: pure air, good water, and a healthy, fertile soil; yet these 
 seem incomplete, at least as regards comfort, without the additi(tn of good 
 neighbors — and therefore it is for the interest of everv individual to do 
 what he can to improve the condition ot those around him. 
 
 " A man, whatever may be his honest business, is profited by the pros- 
 perity of his neighbor, whether tiiat neighbor be a farmer, a ^mechanic, a 
 merchant, or engaged in some professional calling. 
 
 "It is a bad trait in the human character, and one which generally de- 
 feats its object, but which is, nevertheless, too conspicuous, that many seek 
 to elevate themselves by depressing those around them — as if the poverty 
 and misfortune of the one added to the virtues and merits of the other. 
 
 "Xot only philanthropy and Christianity, but self-interest enjoin that 
 when we have provided comfortably for ourselves and our own, we should 
 render all the assistance in our power to our brother who stands in need of 
 our aid. The selfish being who lives but for himself may, by amassing 
 wealth, enjoy his hour or his day of fancied greatness, but he can never 
 realize the pure, the elevated pleasures which flow from a life of active 
 benevolence to the human family. 
 
 " Society is in some measure a joint concern, at least so far as relates 
 to the producing classes ; the more these earn hj their labor, the greater is 
 the accession of substantial wealth to the community. Whatever tends to 
 increase and improve the products of the soil serves to auginent the com- 
 mon stock and enables the grower to supply the market with more and 
 better products, and to buy more liberally of the other classes in return. 
 
 "The merchant, the mechanic, the manufacturer and the professional 
 man have all as deep an interest in promoting the improvement of agricul- 
 ture and horti6ulture as the farmer and gardener have. The farmer virtu- 
 ally provides lor the other classes, and is at the same time their principal 
 patron and customer ; and although his labors are too often held to be low 
 and menial, by those who cannot and will not appreciate their value, his 
 condition affords the best criterion to judge of the welfare of those around 
 him. No country can long flourish or preserve its moral and physical 
 health whose agriculture is neglected and degraded. Every class of the 
 community, therefore, has a deep interest in promoting the improvement of 
 the soil, and all should willingly contribute their aid towards enlightening, 
 honoring and rewarding those who are honestly employed in its cultivation. 
 On the old continent, some men are born to rank and privilege, and others 
 are born to ser\ile labor. Arbitrary laws have prescribed, to a great extent, 
 a man's condition in life ere the infant breathes the vital air. Arbitrary 
 power has perverted the laws of equality which were intended for the human 
 family, and has enacted artificial distinctions which industry and genius can 
 hardly surmount, nor hereditary raid^ hardly sink below. 
 
 ''We know no such distinctions among us. We recognize neither 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 301 
 
 tlie hereditary distinctions conferred by birth nor wealth. In our coun- 
 try, merit is the reward of individual effort, and distinction the 
 price of intelligence, industry and virtue; and the competition is open to 
 all. We are all endowed with natural capacities for improvement, like the 
 soil we cultivate; and our reward, like the harvest, will ))e greater or less in 
 proportion to the measure of our self-improvemejit. But, as with the rich soil, 
 where nature has done most man generally does least, so with the mind ; where 
 the expectations from parental aid are the greatest, the offspring seem least 
 anxious to exert themselves to fulfil the high obligations imposed upon all. 
 Poverty and want are often the strongest stimulents to physical and mental 
 exertion; and when a laudable ambition is awakened to excel in any useful 
 pursuit, it seldom stops at mediocrity. Adversity more than prosperity is the 
 school in which men learn wisdom. There are high responsibilities resting 
 on the farmer and mechanic, which should stimulate them to mental and 
 moral exertion. They constitute the physical and political strength of our 
 country. If they are ignorant, poor and dependent, they are very liable to 
 become the tools of demagogues and the corruptors of public morals. If 
 they are intelligent and prosperous, they will be exemplary in their habits, 
 strong in their influence, and independent and patriotic in the bestowment 
 of their suffrages. With these incitements to improvement, and these 
 duties and responsibilities before them, the farmer and mechanic have 
 abundant cause to put forth their best exertions, to study the principles of 
 their business, and to profit by the genius and talents and discoveries of 
 others who excel in their respective callings; for however high a man may 
 be naturally gifted, or however successfully he may call his physical and 
 mental powers into action, he may learn much from the skill and practice 
 of others. 
 
 "Agriculture has too generally been considered a business requiring 
 mere physical power, with which the principles of natural science had little 
 or nothing to do. To plow, to sow, and to gather the crop, has been the 
 general routine of farming operations, regardless of the poverty which such 
 a practice was inflicting upon the soil. Thus the richest and most produc- 
 tive lands of the Atlantic States were rendered almost worthless, and the 
 scanty crops, diminishing from year to year, reproached the cultivator for 
 his ignorance and ingratitude. But within the last few years, the attention 
 of the farmers has been directed to the improvement of the soil, and, having 
 called to his aid the light produced by scientiflc investigations and discov- 
 eries, he has restoi-ed the soil to its original fertility and realized ample 
 compensation for his labors. 
 
 "And are we not practicing as bad a system of husbandry as our fathers 
 did in I*^ew England? Our beautiful prairies, with their rich and produc- 
 tive soil, have presented inducements for too extensive cultivation. Some 
 of our richest lands are already nearly rendered worthless by the slovenly 
 manner in which they have been cultivated. The ease with which the first 
 and second crop, perhaps, have been obtained, has induced many of our 
 farmers to undertake more than they could well perform. The land has 
 been but half tilled — the weeds have been permitted to grow and ripen 
 their seeds, and the winds, the birds and other operators, have distributed 
 them profusely over the land. (Our soil is well adapted to the growth of 
 weeds, and under the skillful cultivation of many of our farmers, produces 
 an abundant harvest.) Tnough our soil is at present productive, and good 
 crops can be obtained without the use of manure, yet without it, the capa- 
 
302 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 bilities of the soil will be yearly diminisliing. Our lands, rich as they are, 
 will be beneiited by the application of niannre, and those who npply all 
 they can obtain will be abundantly compensated for their labors. 
 
 ^'Probably the most of those whom I now address, have learned by 
 their own experience, something of the inconvenience, not to say actual loss, 
 they have sustained by half cultivating their land. Let us improve by 
 past experience, and attempt no more than we can well accomplish. Let 
 us avail ourselves of the labors of others, and profit by their experience and 
 improvements. Science and art are now uniting their labors, and are 
 deriving mutual aid from each other on the farm, as they have for some 
 time been doing in the manufactory and in the shop of the artisan. A 
 new era is dawning upon the vision of the farmer; new light is illuming 
 his path, and a new interest and new pleasures are urging him on to 
 improvement. He begins to study the laws which Providence has ordained 
 for the government of improved culture, and he finds in , their application 
 to his labors, the means of increasing profits and high intellectual enjoy- 
 ment; and the more he studies and is guided by these laws,' the more does 
 he become satisfied of his former errors and his comparative limited sphere 
 of usefulness. Science is probably capable of rendering more important 
 services to husbandry than to any other branch of labor, and presents a 
 wider field of useful study to the cultivators of the soil, than to any other 
 class of society. 
 
 "One great obstacle to agricultural improvement, is the subordinate 
 rank to which this employment Jias been consigned, and to which the farm- 
 ers themselves have contributed, by a want of respect for themselves and 
 respect for their vocation. The wholesome habits of society have been so 
 broken up by the civil and political convulsions of the age and the inordi- 
 nate thirst for acquiring wealth and fashionable consequence through specu- 
 lations of various kinds, that honest productive labor has been thrown 
 entirely into the background, and considered not only ungenteel, but menial 
 and servile. Yet he who provides for the wants and comforts of himself 
 and family, and renders some service to society at large, by his mental and 
 physical industry, performs one of the high duties of life, and will ulti- 
 mately be rewarded in the conscious rectitude of his life, by a greater 
 measure of substantial happiness, than he who makes millions by fraud and 
 speculation, to be squandered in extravagance or wasted in folly by his 
 children or grandchildren. 
 
 • "The revolutions constantly taking place in families sufficiently 
 admonish us, that it is not the wealth we leave to our children, but the 
 industrious and moral habits in which we educate them, that secure to 
 them worldly prosperity and the treasure of an approving conscience.. 
 
 "Not content with the gains which are ever the reward of honest and 
 prudent industry, and which might be greatly increased by the culture of 
 the mind; not content with one of the most independent conditions in 
 society, hundreds of farmers have sought other and new employments, and 
 some of truly menial character, to get rid of labor, the greatest blessing to 
 man, and raise themselves in the imaginary scale of fashionable society; 
 and if they cannot participate themselves in this imaginary greatness, and it 
 is seldom anything more than imaginary, they are anxious to inflict the evil 
 upon their posterity. What class of society have within their reach so many 
 of the elements of human enjoyments as the indej^endent tillers of the soil? 
 'The farmer,' says Franklin, 'has no need of popular favor; the success of 
 
HISTORY OK WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 303 
 
 his crops depends only on tlie blessing of God upon his honest industry.' 
 If discreetly conducted on the improved principles of husbandry, agricult- 
 ure offers the certain means of acquiring wealth, and as rapidly as is con- 
 sistent with the pure enjoyments of life, or with the good order and pros- 
 perous condition of society. It is the golden mean, secure [alike from the 
 temptations of mushroom opulence and the craven sycophancy and depend- 
 ence of poverty. 
 
 '' The success of the farmer in producing profitable crops depends, as far 
 as human means are concerned, in a great measure upon preparing the soil 
 properly for the reception of the seed, in ada]jting the cro]) to the soil, and 
 bestowing upon it the necessary culture. A gi'eat obstacle in the way of 
 improvement is ignorance of the principles or science of agriculture, and a 
 blind adherence to old practices. I wonld not reject a practice that had 
 been proved to be useful and important; neither would I adhere to one 
 merely because it had been sanctioned by age. But I would prove all 
 things, and hold fast that which is good. From the discoveries of science 
 and chemistry, as applied to agriculture, we are taught many important 
 lessons. Why has such signal success attended the practice of som^e of the 
 best informed farmers in our country of alternating their crops? Chemical 
 science answers the inquiry. The elementary matters which constitute the 
 different kinds of vegetables are similar, and exist in various proportions 
 both in the soil and in the products of the soil; and those elements are so 
 combined as to furnish food for one species of plants one season, and that 
 peculiar kind of food having been exhausted, the same species will not 
 flourish on the same soil in successive seasons. Every kind of plant has 
 its peculiar food ada]ited to its support, and hence we see the importance of 
 a rotation in crops in order to obtain complete success. It is true there 
 are some soils e.o abundantly supplied with vegetable matter that they seem 
 for a time inexhaustible. I have known fields on the American Bottom, 
 which is one of the richest portions of the fertile "West, and even of the 
 w^orld, where Indian corn has been raised successfully for more than twenty 
 successive years, and yet the crop is abundant, and the capacities of the soil 
 do not seem to be diminished. But even that fertile soil may be worn out 
 and its stock of vegetable food exhausted under improper cultivation, and a 
 change of treatment may be found necessary in order to perpetuate its fer- 
 tility. The primitive elements which constitute all animal and vegetable 
 substances, combining in various forms and in various proportions, are oxy- 
 gen and hydrogen, the constituents of water, nitrogen, which mixed with 
 oxygen forms the atmosphere, and carbon. These elementary matters are 
 found in all the combinations of matter — in a solid form in animals, vege- 
 tables, and rocks. By the interposition of caloric, or the matter of heat, 
 they are rendered liquid and gaseous. When they disappear in one form 
 they take another — they are never lost, never annihilated. They perform a 
 constant routine under the fixed and established laws of nature, for the 
 benefit of man and for the order and preservation of the natural world. As 
 soon as the animal and vegetable cease to live, a decomposition, or separa- 
 tion of their elementary parts, commences, if exposed to the agency of heat, 
 air and moisture, and goes on until their organic forms are lost, and their 
 elements are mingled with the soil and fitted again to enter into new vege- 
 table combinations and become again parts of new and living organic mat- 
 ters. Hence we may see the necessity of studying and observing those laws 
 of nature which govern to a greater or less extent the whole business of the 
 
304 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 farm, and which can never be violated with impunity. And, in order to 
 study those h^ws to the best advantage, we should avail ourselves of all the 
 helps within our reach. We should proiit by the labors and experience of 
 others, as they are communicated in the agricultural journals of the d&y. 
 Every farmer should by all means take some agricultural paper, and store 
 his mind with all that is valuable, and thus have a stock ready for use as 
 occasion may require. Individuals have been benefited hundreds of dollars 
 by the outlaj^ of one dollar for a publication of this kind^ in consequence of 
 the useful information it has given them in the prosecution of their busi- 
 ness. And here let me call the attention of this society to the " Union 
 Agriculturalist," published monthly at Chicago. Though there are valu- 
 able agricultural papers published in other sections of our country, and 
 which are most al.ily conducted, and in themselves may be superior to that 
 of our own State, yet they are not as well adapted to our peculiar wants as 
 one in which the experience of our prairie farmers is imparted for the bene- 
 tit of their brethren. The "Union Agriculturalist " is the organ of the 
 State Agricultural Society, and is published by the Union Agricultural So- 
 ciety, and, with a becoming zeal, we should take hold and help sustain it 
 and make it worthy the high destiny of the Prairie State. No one is so 
 poor but he may iind some means to raise one dollar a year to pay for such 
 a periodical. Better divide his means between that and the political jour- 
 nal than to be deprived of its benefits. 
 
 " Thus far, in our county the orchard has not received that attention 
 its importance demands. I need not here enumerate the advantages of 
 good fruit. A tree that will produce fruit worth one dollar per bushel oc- 
 cupies no more ground than a tree whose fruit is beneath the notice of the 
 hog. One of the first labors every farmer should perform is to prepare a 
 suitable piece of land and plant his orchard, and let that orchard be selected 
 from the best improved fruit, and in a very few years he will be abundantly 
 compensated for all his labor and expense. 
 
 " Tliere has been much written upon the raising of silk within the last 
 few years, and many experiments have been detailed to prove that it may 
 be made a profitable auxilliary to farming operations. The Multicalis 
 speculation has gone by, and those who are supplied with the tree can make 
 the experiment of silk raisinoj for themselves. If it can be made profitable 
 in any part of our country, it deserves a fair trial here. 
 
 '• Laboring under the disadvantage of the want of a ready market for 
 our surplus produce, we should direct our attention to those aiticles which 
 will pay the expense of transportation to a distant market, or which can be 
 converted to useful purposes among us. As much as possible, we should 
 aim at being independent; we should raise and produce among ourselves 
 the most of the necessaries of life. Our farmers must raise the materials, 
 and our clothing must be manufactured among us. Where can w^ool be 
 raised with greater ease and more profit than on our fine prairies? Let every 
 farm be M'ell stocked with good sheep, and all the wool which is not manu- 
 factured among us will bear to be transported to a distant market, and bring 
 in return those foreign articles which are regarded as necessary, and which 
 are draining the country of the little money there is in circulation. Before 
 we can be in easy and independent circumstances we must revert the present 
 order of things. Instead of sending our money away to procure necessaries 
 from abroad, we must not only produce articles to exchange for those neces- 
 saries, but have a surplus to convert into funds for other purposes. The 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNIT. 305 
 
 V 
 
 imDrovement of cattle and ho^s demands the immediate attention ot even 
 farmer Some few individuals have directed their attention to such improve 
 ment with laudable zeal, and they will lind themselves abundantly repaid 
 for all trouble. Beef and pork will soon become staple articles ot this 
 country, and the farmer who would obtain the largest proht troni his beet 
 and h'is pork will raise and fatten those animals, which, witli tlie least 
 amount of food, will produce the most meat. If a hog ot one breed, at a 
 criveu ao-e and with the same amount of food and the same attention, will 
 wei-h twice or three times as much as one of a different breed, is it not 
 important that our stock should be improved? And besides, the liog whicli 
 will wei-h 400, will sell in market more readily lor $4.00 per hundred than 
 ll an tShog which weighs 150 or 200 will sell for $2.50 or $3 I will not 
 now specify the best breeds of cattle and hogs. It we should have a lair 
 next Octolier, which we now contemplate, all will have an opportunity ot 
 seeino- and iudgin- for themselves. Such exhibitions are highly important 
 as they excite a spirit of emulation, and important results may be expected 
 from them when properly conducted. _ _ 
 
 '^Flax is an important article for the farmer to raise; it it can not oe 
 manufactured into cloth at present, it will bear transportation, and the 
 ^ed can be mannfactured into oil among us, and thus save the expense ot 
 ending abroad for that important article. A manutactory tor small rope 
 would do a good business at once and would tind a ready market tor all that 
 rould be produced. Some one should also engage in the manutactnre ot 
 starch, and thus save the expense of sending our wheat to the east to be made 
 into the article, and then go there to procure our supply ._ 11 sugar can be 
 made from the beet profitably anywhere, it deserves a trial here. 1 he ease 
 wUh which the beet is raised, and the high price of sugar, offer strong 
 inducements to the capitalist to engage in its manntacture 
 
 -1 have thus endeavored to direct your attention to the importance ot 
 agricultural improvements; and though this society has ^7;^^^;^^ ^^^^^ 
 tions at a time of great pecnniary embarrassments, yet let us not despise 
 the day of Bmall things.^ Other societies have commenced under as unfa- 
 vorabte circumstancer as this, and they have steadily and persev;.rmg y 
 advanced until their salutary influence has been apparent to all. 1 could 
 name instances did time permit, but I leave that for the Pf «^\^;., .. .^^ . . 
 
 ''The object of this society is a noble one, worthy the philanthiopist 
 and the patriot; and though you may not reach the goal of your wishes, 
 
 vour labors will not be lost. i •, 4. *.,. +v>i/i 
 
 ^ -The seed which you sow will produce its tens and its twenty told 
 though you may not live to gather the harvest. The work of imP^-oy^-ent 
 which you began will progress and be fraught with blessings on your chil- 
 dren and on your State." 
 
 The correspondence exchanged, concerning the printing of the address, 
 was as follows: 
 
 Dr. Geo. Haskell, . • u 1 
 
 Sir.-The undersigned, a committee appointed ^Y ^1- Winnebago^^^^^^^^ 
 Society, respectfully solicit of you the favor of a copy «f y'^ini tS tt mX^^^ of pub- 
 .said society at their last meeting. We are ^.™' ^1^ f o^"^g ^^^^^^^^^^^ as have the 
 
 lications on the subject of agriculture pains shou be a^ 
 merit of givim,^ useful information, or of contamingmatte o in eiest toinc u 
 But while we in common with others who were present to heai 5'^"^ 'f ^^'Lr'^ ^spe- 
 gratified we think you cannot do the cause of agriculture, so impoitant in itselt, ana esp 
 
306 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 cially so embodying the leading interest of the West, a greater favor than to allow your 
 address to be published, that all who will may read and learn. 
 
 Your Obedient Servants, 
 
 Jason Marsh, "] 
 J. Weldon, |- Cominittee. 
 J. S. Norton, J 
 RocKi'ORD, Aug. 21, 1841. 
 
 To Jason Marsh, \ 
 
 J. Weldon, >• Gommittee Agricultural Society. 
 J. S. Norton, ) 
 
 Gentlemen: — Your favor of Aug. 21 is before me, and in reply yovi will permit me to 
 say that 1 am not insensible of the flattering notice the society has taken of my address. I 
 feel a deep interest in whatever may be calculated to promote the objects of the Agricultural 
 Society, but upon mature deliberation I am not yet satisfied that the cause of agriculture will 
 be materially benefited by the publication of the addi-ess I read before Ihe society, while so 
 many others, more able, are published. I would, therefore, respectfully decline furnishing 
 a copy for publication. Yours Respectfully, 
 
 * Geo. Haskell. 
 
 ROCKFORD, Aug. 25, 1841. , 
 
 MUEDER OF SHERIFF JOHN F. TAYLOK. 
 
 After the killing of the Driscolls, the arrest, trial, conviction and 
 sentence of Oliver, McDowell and Bridge, in 184:5, as members of the band 
 of outlaws that held dominion here for a number of years, the community 
 seems to have been peculiarly fortunate in its freedom from outlaws and 
 dishonest personages. From the time West and McDowell were sentenced 
 until ISTovember, 1856, there was but little of a criminal nature to disturb 
 the quiet of the people. What few crimes were committed were, for the 
 most part, of a petty character, and confined to that grade of crimes and 
 evil-doers that are to be found in all communities. When the "Bandits of 
 the Prairie" had been dispersed and banished from the country, the people 
 settled down to hard work, giving but little heed to anything but the 
 improvement of their farms and the general industries of a new countr}-. 
 
 In the month of November, 1856, however, an event occurred that 
 threw the entire county into a fever of excitement, the like of which had 
 not been experienced since the cold-blooded murder of John Campbell by 
 the Driscolls and Bridge on Sunday, June 27, 1841. This excitement was 
 created by the murder of John F. Taylor, Sheriff, by Alfred Countryman, 
 and but for the firmness and decision of the more thinking of the citizens 
 of Rockford, Countryman would have received the same summary judgment 
 and execution that hurried the two Driscolls into eternity. The circumstances 
 attending this aftair were as follows: 
 
 On the 11th day of November, 1856, Sheriff Taylor had taken Coun- 
 tryman under arrest on the charge of stealing cattle, and was taking him 
 to jail. When approaching the jail door. Countryman broke away from 
 the Sheriff, jumped over the fence on the Elm street side of the square, and 
 lied southward, towards Kent's creek. When at the corner of Elm and 
 Church streets, seeing that he was likely to be retaken. Countryman drew 
 a pistol from his pocket, turned and fired at Mr. Taylor, who was in close 
 pursuit. His aim was good, and Taylor fell to the ground and exj^ired 
 almost instantly. The alarm was at once given, and hundreds of citizens 
 started in pursuit of Countryman, who kept on towards the grove south of 
 Kent's creek, and where he was finally captured. He was brought back to 
 town in a wagon in the midst of the most terrible excitement ever witnessed 
 in the streets of Rockford, and it was with the utmost difticulty that the 
 officers who had him in charge, assisted by some of the more prominent 
 
\ 
 
 *=i^i3^i'i 
 
 /■O 
 
 '%^!r- 
 
 ^'X^^^^- ^' 
 
 '^ W^^^y^y-z/^i 
 
 ^9-^ 
 
 ROCKTON 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 309 
 
 citizens, could prevent the indignant and outraged populace from lynching 
 him upon the instant. But to the good name of the people be it said, better 
 counsels prevailed, and the law was allowed to take its course. Countryman 
 was placed in jail and closely confined, until the February term (1857) of 
 the Circuit Court, Judge Benjamin K. Sheldon presiding, when he was 
 tried, found guilty and sentenced to be hanged on the" 27th of March 
 tollowing. 
 
 The case was called on Monday, February 23d, and the entire afternoon 
 was spent in empannelling a jury, which consisted of the following named 
 persons: 
 
 Levi Tunks, Howard; Philo C. Watson, Eockford; Anthony M. Felmly, 
 Owen; Silas G. Tyler, Rockford; Jacob B. Place, Howard; G. R. Ames, 
 Harrison; Allen Rice, Harrison; Charles Works, Guilford; J. W. Jenks, 
 Roscoe; Edward Peppers, Howard; J. W. Knapp, Roscoe; S. P. Coller, 
 Burritt. 
 
 The 'jury being thus empanelled and sworn, the court adjourned until 
 9 o'clock Tuesday morning. The prosecution was conducted by U, D. 
 Meacham, State's Attorney, and William Brown, Esq.; the defence by 
 Orrin Miller, Jr., and T. J. Turner, Esq, 
 
 The trial was concluded on Thursday afternoon, February 26th, and the, 
 case submitted to the jury, who returned a verdict of "gnilty of murder as 
 charged in the indictment," when Judge Sheldon proceeded to pass the 
 death sentence as follows: 
 
 "Alfred Countryman, you stand convicted of the murder of John F, 
 Taylor, \ our crime was attended with very aggravated circumstances. 
 Mr, Taylor was the Sheriff of this county — he had arrested you for a felony, 
 and was carrying you to the jail, when you broke from his custody and ran; 
 he pursued, and as he was about to retake you, you drew forth from a place 
 of concealment upon your person a pistol, turned upon and shot him, kill- 
 ing him in two or three minutes of time. Continuing your flight, you were 
 seen to reload your pistol, to be prepared, it would seem, to take the life of 
 the next man who approached to take you. 
 
 "This deed was perpetrated in the public streets of Rockford, in open 
 day, in the midst of the host of friends of the deceased, to whom he was en- 
 deared by his qualities as a man and his faithful services as an ofiicer, sev- 
 eral of whom were eye-witnesses of the scene. It could only have been the 
 respect for law, which distinguishes this community, that prevented you 
 from being rent in pieces on the spot, by an explosion of popular 
 indignation. 
 
 "To shoot down a peaceful officer of justice, in the quiet execution of 
 his duty, was a wanton, brutal act, an awful manifestation of an abandoned 
 and malignant heart. In the e^^e of the law, no crime is more heinous than 
 to slay one of its officers in the discharge of his duty. The law guards with a 
 strong arm its officers ^vhen performing its own mandates. Your case is 
 a sad instance of the mischief of the barbarous practice of carrying deadly 
 weapons. If you had not liad that weapon of death concealed upon your 
 person, you might have escaped a murderer's doom. In a well-ordered com- 
 munity like this, there is no need, under ordinary circumstances, to carry 
 about such weapons of defence, and when carried they are much oftener used 
 as the weapon of offence than of defence. 
 
 "The penalty of your high crime is the forfeit of your life — the terrible 
 punishment the law inflicts not out of vengeance towards you, but for the 
 
310 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 protection of human life, to deter men from the commission of the crime of 
 murder. 
 
 "I do entreat you to devote your few remaining days on earth to an 
 earnest preparation for your future state of existence, upon which you are 
 so soon to enter ; delay it not in the hope that you may yet escape punish- 
 ment. Your counsel, who have ably defended you and done all that legal 
 abiUty could do in your behalf, have made strenuous etibrts to obtain for 
 you a new trial, and their zeal may yet lead them to attempt to procure a 
 reversal of your seutence. If so. rely not on any hope of success; regard 
 your doom as fixed, and act accordingly. 
 
 "Human Tribunals administer justice only, and punish — but you have 
 the consolation that mercy and pardon belong to that tribunal on high 
 before which you must hereafter answer for your violation ol the divine 
 law. By meditation upon your spiritual concerns, and by true repentance 
 and contrition of heart, may you become a lit subject of divine mercy, and 
 obtain from your final judge forgiveness of your crimes. 
 
 " The sentence of the court is, that you, Alfred Countryman, be taken 
 to the jail of this county and detained in close custody until the twenty- 
 seventh day of March instant ; that on that day, between the hours of ten 
 iu the morning and five in the afternoon, you be taken thence to the place 
 of execution in this county, and there be hung by the neck until you are 
 dead. And may God have mercy on your soul," 
 
 The place of execution was on what is now the farm of Samuel I. 
 Oharct, about two miles west of the city of Rockford, and was the first and 
 last (to date, 1877) execution of the death penalty in Winnebago County. 
 The execution was jiublic, and thousands of people were present to witness 
 it. When life was pronounced extinct, his body was cut down and deliv. 
 ered to his friends. 
 
 Alfred Countryman was born in Montgomery County, New York, June 
 28, 1830, and was consequently in the twenty-seventh year of his age at the 
 time of his execution. His father's family came to Ogle County in 1845-6, 
 according to the condemned man's confession or written statement of the 
 events of his life, where they were living at the time when Alfred com- 
 mitted the crime that forfeited his life. His life does not seem to have 
 been a smooth one, but full of changes and shiftings and wanderings from 
 one part of the country to another. Some time in the latter part of 1853 
 or in the early part of 1854, while working for the railroad company at 
 Pecatonica, he made the ac([uaintance of a woman whose home was at 
 Hampton, Michigan, to whom he was married by George Arnold, a justice 
 of the peace of that town. At the time ol his execution he had two chil- 
 dren — a girl and a l)oy — one about two years old, and the other an infant. 
 
 WAK RECCED. 
 
 With the exception of the recurrence of State and National elections 
 and the ever-to-be-remembered Senatorial contest between two of America's 
 political giants, Lincoln and Douglas, in 1858, there was nothing in the 
 history of Winnebago County worthy of especial mention after the execu- 
 tion of Countryman until the coming of thegreatand final conflict between 
 freedom and slavery, in 1861. Up to that time the people were busily 
 engaged in perfecting their plans against the coming of declining years — 
 improving their farms, building houses, shops, manufacturing establish- 
 
HI8T0EY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. - 311 
 
 merits, railroads, etc. Crime and criminals, and evil doers, with few ex- 
 ceptions, had been banished from the connty, and an era of local tranquility 
 and prosperity had been fnlly and successfully inaugurated, so that when 
 the electric wires conveyed to them the intelligence that, on Friday, the 
 12th day of April, 1801, Fort Sumter, at Charleston, South Carolina, had 
 been fired upon by rebels in arms against the government, th-y were startled 
 from the contemplation of undertakings nearly completed. When, a day 
 later, news was borne along the same wires that Major Anderson had been 
 compelled to surrender Fort Sumter, individual enterprises were abandoned, 
 at least for the time, and with one purpose the people rallied to a common 
 centre to take counsel together, and inaus^urate such measures as miffht 
 become necessary to meet the Government's call for volunteers to defend 
 and maintain the integrity of the Union. While the people of Charleston 
 were holding high revel over the surrender of Fort Sumter, the people of 
 Winnebago County wei-e preparing to take part in the measures that were 
 sure to be inaugurated to punish their treason. An impromptu meeting 
 was called in liockford, and a committee appointed to prepare and issue a 
 call for a mass meeting of citizens to consider the exigencies ot the occa- 
 sion, and to adopt such measui'es as the times seemed sure to demand. 
 That committee issued the following call: 
 
 "union mass meeting." 
 
 '•'Citizens of Winnebago County^ Let us Meet the Issue like MenP' 
 
 "The citizens of W^innebago County, without distinction of party, are 
 requested to meet at the court house in Rockford, on Wednesday, April 
 21:th, 18()1, at one o'clock p. m., for the purj»ose of holding counsel together 
 and adopting such measures as in their judgment the present alarming 
 crisis demands, and properly responding to the President in his call for 
 support to the General Government. A full attendance from all the towns 
 in the county is anxiously desired. — E. F. W. Ellis, S. M. Chuech, L. F. 
 Warner, Committee.'''' Dated April 17, 1861. 
 
 Saturday, April 20, 1861, the Rockford Register spoke as follows: 
 
 "patriotism at home." 
 
 "Our city, in common with all other places throughout the North, has 
 been the scene of almost continuous excitetiient on the war question during 
 the whole week. The prevailing subject and constant theme of conversa- 
 tion in all circles, at home as well as on the street, has been the exciting- 
 news in connection with the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter, 
 and the war thus inaugurated. Party lines have for the time been laid 
 aside in devotion to the Union, and with few exceptions our Democratic 
 citizens, to their honor be it said, join heartily in sustaining the Adminis- 
 tration in the crisis thus forced upon the country. It is no time now to 
 argue who is right or who is wrong upon the questions of national policy 
 which have heretofore created dissensions into parties. One common pur- 
 pose should animate all hearts in this hour of our country's peril — that of 
 preserving it from irretrievable ruin. We hope we have no Cow Boys in 
 Rockford or Winnebago County." 
 
 The mass meeting called for the 24th was an imposing demonstration. 
 Every man present and participating in the action of the meeting had, for 
 
312 , HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 the once, divested himself of political bias, and was governed alone by 
 patriotic inipulsos. There was no halting between two opinions — tliere 
 was but one expression, but one purpose — "the Union must and shall be 
 preserved." Sti'ong resolutions were adopted, and men and money j)ledged 
 till the rebellion was conquered, peace restored, and the integrity of the 
 Union vindicated. 
 
 But even before this meeting had assembled and taken action in the 
 premises, enlistments had commenced, and the organization of several 
 companies undertaken, and within a week after the news of the surrender 
 of Fort Sumter had been received the Rockford Zouaves had completed 
 their organization and tendered their services to the Government. The 
 citizens, equally patriotic, in a few hours subscribed and paid in the sum of 
 $1,270.49 to purchase the uniform for this company, and with hearts full of 
 love for their country and the prayers of the citizens they marched away 
 under command of Captain JS^evins, and went into camp at Springtield. 
 During the week ending May 4, five other companies were raised, as fol- 
 lows: Kockford Zouaves, Company B, Ellis Rifles, Rockford Rifles, a com- 
 pany of Dragoons, and a company of Irish citizens. On the 20tli of 
 Septembei*, six companies had been raised and officered in Winnebago 
 County, and accepted for service as follows: 
 
 Rockford Zouaves, Company A — Captain G. L. Nevins. 
 
 Ilochford Zouaves, Company B — ^Captain Andrus. 
 
 Durand Guards — Captain Whitmeyer. 
 Washburn J?//^es— Captain Bird. 
 
 Rockfoi'd Rljl>es — Captain Smith, 
 
 Ellis Rifles— G^i^i^m E. F. W. Ellis. 
 
 Besides these, Captain Austin was raising a cavalry company, Captain 
 Boyd's company was nearly full. Lieutenant Ivetcheson was recruiting for 
 a Missouri regiment, and Major P. Fiynn was forwarding recruits for Mul- 
 ligan's Irish Brigade at St. Louis. 
 
 This uprising of the patriotic men of Winnebago was in the first 
 months of the war — the spring and summer of 1861. While the younger 
 portion of the community were thus responding to their counti'y's call for 
 men to defend and uphold its honor, the older men were no less active in 
 providing ways and means to help their boys ofl" to the field of battle. Nor 
 were mothers, wives and sisters inactive. They had a duty to discharge and 
 they discharged it faithfully. The county authorities, within a very few 
 days after the surrender of Fort Sumter, met in special session and appro- 
 priated $10,000 to be expended in the equipment of volunteers, and the 
 support of the families of such of them as were married. This sum was 
 increased by subsequent appropriations for bounties, etc., until very nearly 
 $500,000 were paid out for war purposes. In addition, each township pro- 
 vided a liberal bounty lund, while private subscriptions were also made 
 from time to time, and whenever occasion or necessity demanded. There 
 was no penuriousness either in the county authorities or private individ- 
 uals. And thus the good work went on from the beginning to the end of 
 the war. To every call for volunteers, a ready response was made, and the 
 quota assigned to the county promptly filled. 
 
 In Kaufl'man and Burch's Rockford City Directory and County Gazet- 
 teer, published in 1869, there is an article under the caption of "Winnebago 
 County in the War," from which we make the following statistical extract: 
 
 "Up to October 1, 1863, the quota of the county, according to the 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. ' 313 
 
 enrollment returns made to the Assistant Marshal General's office at 
 Springfield, was 2,037 men; the enlistments credited to the county, 1.921, 
 leaving the county short, according to this estimate, 116 men. These were 
 more than made up, however, by men who had enlisted in the regiments 
 raised in other States, and who nad not up to this time been allowed to the 
 credit of the county. It was subsequently ascertained that about 325 men 
 from this county had enlisted in Wisconsin and Missom-i regiments. 
 
 "In 1864 a new enrollment was made by Halscy G. Clark. Esq., enroll- 
 ing officer of the county. This enrollment showed 4,627 persons between 
 the age of 20 and 45 years, liable to military duty. 
 
 "The quota of the county, upon this enrollment, under the various calls 
 for troops to July 1, 1864, was 2,778, apportioned to the different towns 
 and wards of the city as follows: 
 
 No. Enrolled Quota to 
 1864. July, 1864. 
 
 Roscoe - 190 124 
 
 Harlem 1H1 88 
 
 Guilford • .130 82 
 
 Cherry Valley 228 134 
 
 New Milford i 136 85 
 
 Owen 172 104 
 
 Rockton ..268 167 
 
 Shirlaad 61 40 
 
 Harrison 80 53 
 
 Burritt _. 201 115 
 
 Winnebago ..213 133 
 
 Seward .198 111 
 
 Lysander 256 159 
 
 Howard 210 129 
 
 Laoua 102 62 
 
 Rockford, outside of the city - -.. .168 104 
 
 City, 1st Ward.- ■'..355 204 
 
 " 2d " 407 233 
 
 " 2d " .437 253 
 
 " 4th " .. 428 250 
 
 " 5th " : 250 148 
 
 Total. ..4,627 2,778 
 
 " This quota was filled on the 30th day of September, 1864, the last 
 two men being mustered in on that day. 
 
 " In December, 1864, when the last call for men was made by the 
 President, it was resolved by the county authorities to make a new and 
 thorough enrollment, it being claimed that the one last made was incorrect, 
 and that it reported a greater number of men liable to military duty than 
 there really was in the county. Accordingly, in December, 1864, a thor- 
 ough canvass of each enrollment district was made, which gave 3,269 per- 
 sons liable to draft, a decrease of 1,361 from the previous enrollment. 
 Upon this enrollment the last quota of the county was based, amounting to 
 398 men. They w^ere divided among the towns and wards of Eockford as 
 follows : 
 
 Enrollment, Quota, Jan. 
 Dec. 1864. 1st, 1865. 
 
 Roscoe - - --125 16 
 
 Harlem -110 28 
 
 Guilford -- 86 19 
 
 Cherry Valley ....184 29 
 
 New Milford 106 22 
 
 Owen ---153 27 
 
 Rockton -199 27 
 
314 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 Enrollment, Quota, Jan. 
 Dec. 1864. Ist, 1865. 
 
 Shiiland --- 50 8 
 
 Harrison... - -- 93 10 
 
 Burritt --.- 166 20 
 
 Winnebago - -- -.200 9 
 
 Seward ..- -175 30 
 
 Lysander. -. - ....229 20 
 
 Howard --.- 171 26 
 
 Laona — - 81 15 
 
 Rockford, outside of city 150 23 
 
 City, 1st Ward _. 169 17 
 
 " 2d " 258 21 
 
 " 3d " 194 11 
 
 " 4th " -- --203 12 
 
 " 5tli " 167 18 
 
 Total 3,269 398 
 
 " The apparent unequal distribution of these quotas to the different 
 towns was the cause of much complaint among the county authorities; 
 their complaints, however, were of no avail, and the men had to be furn- 
 ished as apportioned. This was done by the 15th of April, 1865, the last 
 man having been mustered in previous to that date. These, with those 
 furnished under fornier calls, made 3,176 of her patriotic citizens who 
 risked their lives on Southern battle-fields to sustain the Government. 
 
 "Although the county has within its limits a large number of persons 
 of foreign birth, to their credit be it said, but 36 of this number were will- 
 ing to shield themselves behind foreign protection papers, and while enjoy- 
 ing all the privileges of residents of the United States, refused to assist in 
 supporting its Government. They are divided among the towns as follows: 
 
 "Howard, 10; New Milford, 3; Laona, 3; 1st and 2d Wards City, 5; 
 3d, 4th and 5th- Wards City, 6; Owen, 1; Rockton, 1; Harlem, 6; Guil- 
 ford, 1; total, 36." 
 
 Having thus preserved the patriotic offerings of the people of Winne- 
 bago County as a community, there is one other duty that devolves upon 
 our pen — that is, to gather the names of the brave men who were so ready 
 to forsake home, friends, and the comforts of peaceful avocations, and ofier 
 their lives in defense of their country's honor. This is not only a pleasure, 
 but it is a duty, not only due to those whom the fate of the war spared to 
 return to their homes, but to the memory of those who fell with their faces 
 to the enemy — many of whom sleep the last, long sleep in unmarked and 
 unknown graves. This Record was well earned, and it is our purpose to 
 present the Record as complete as possible, and that it shall embrace the 
 names, companies, regiments, terms of enlistments, the battles in which 
 they engaged, etc. What more fitting tribute can be ofiered to their sol- 
 dier lives ? It will be a wreath of glory encircling every brow, and a mem- 
 ento which each and every one of them earned in defense of our country's 
 honor, integrity, and unity. Monuments may crumble; cities fall into de- 
 cay; the tooth of time leave its impress on all the works of man; but the 
 memory of the gallant deeds of the army of the Union in the great war of 
 the rebellion, -in which the sons of Winnebago bore so conspicuous a part, 
 will live in the minds of men so long as time and civilized governments 
 endure. 
 
Winnebago County War Record. 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 Adjt - - Adjutant 
 
 Art ..Artillery 
 
 Col -Colonel 
 
 Capt Captain 
 
 Corpl Corporal 
 
 Comsy Commissary 
 
 com -- commissioned 
 
 cav caval ry 
 
 captd - captured 
 
 disd...:' discharged 
 
 e -- enlisted 
 
 excd exchanged 
 
 inl infantry 
 
 kid killed 
 
 m. o mustered out 
 
 prmtd -. promoted 
 
 pri'ir prisoner 
 
 Regt .- Regiment 
 
 Sergt .Sergeant 
 
 wd wounded 
 
 Sth Infantry, 
 
 Second Assistant Surgeon Clarence M. Spalding, com. 
 March 27, 1865. Mustered out May 4, i865. 
 
 Company G. 
 
 Abraham John, e. Dec. 17, 1S63, absent on furlough. 
 Barthout Jas. e. Sept. 28, 1S64, absent on furlough. 
 Blackburn Jos. e. Dec. 20, 1863, prmt. Corpl., m. o. 
 
 Oct. 5, 1865. 
 Carlin M. e. Dec. 19, 1863, m. o. May 4, 1866. 
 Thurston John, e. Jan. 20, 1864, m. o. May 4, 1866. 
 
 11th Tnfantr'y. 
 
 The regiment was called into service under proclama- 
 tion of the President, April 16, 1861 ; organized at 
 Springfield, and mustered into service April 30, i86i,by 
 Captain Pope, for three months. 
 
 During this term of service, the regiment was sta- 
 tioned at Vill.i Ridge, 111., to June 20th, then removed 
 to Bird's Point, Mo., where it remained performing 
 garrison and field duty until July 30th, when the regi- 
 ment was mustered out, and re-enlisted for three years' 
 service. During the three months' term, the lowest 
 aggregate w^s. S82, and the highest 933, and at the mus- 
 ter out was gi6. 
 
 Upon the re-muster, July 13th, the aggregate was 
 2S8. During the months of August, September, Octo- 
 ber and November, the regiment was recruited to an 
 aggregate of 801. In the meantime were doing garrison 
 and field duty, participating in the following expedi- 
 tions ; September gth to nth, expedition towards New 
 Madrid ; October 6th to nth, to Charleston, Mo.; Nov- 
 ember 3d to 12th, to Bloomfield, Mo., via Commerce, 
 returning 7na Cape Girardeau ; January 7th and Sth, 
 expivdition to Charleston, Mo., skirmished with a por- 
 tion of the command of Jeff. Thompson ; January 13th 
 to 20th, reconncisance of Columbus, Ky., under Gen. 
 Grant ; January 25th to 28th, to Sikestown, Mo ; Feb- 
 ruary 2d, embarked on transports for Fort Henry, par- 
 ticipating in campaign against that place ; February 
 nth, moved towards Fort Donelson ; P'ebruary 12th, 
 13th and 14th, occupied in investing that place , 12th, 
 heavily engaged with the enemy about five hours, 
 losing 329 killed, wounded and missing, out of about 
 500 engaged, of whom 72 were killed and 182 wounded ; 
 March 4th and 5th, <?« route to Fort Henry ; 5th to 13th, 
 en route to Savannah, Tenn., in transports ; 23d to 
 25th, en route from Savannah to Pittsburg Landing ; 
 April 6th and 7th, engaged in battle of Shiloh, losing 
 27 killed and wounded, out of 150 engaged ; April 24th 
 to June 4th, participated in siege of Corinth, thence 
 
 marched to Jackson, Tenn., making headquarters there 
 to August 2d ; participated in two engagements, July 
 ist and 2d, towards Trenton, Tenn.; July 23d to 28th, 
 to Lexington, Tenn.; August 2d, moved to Cairo, 111., 
 for purpose of recruiting; remained at that point urtil 
 August 23 ; thence to Paducah, Ky., remaining there 
 until November 20th ; in the meantime engaged in two 
 expeditions — August 24th to September i6th, to Clarks- 
 ville, Tenn.. I'/flTForts Henry and Donelson — October 
 31st to November 13th, expedition to Hopkinsville, 
 Ky.; November 20th to 24th, <?« route to Lagrange, 
 Tenn., where the regiment reported and was assigned 
 to Brigadier General McArthur's Division, Left Wing, 
 13th Army i^orps. From this time 10 Jan. i2_, 1863, 
 participated in campaign in Northern Mississippi, 
 marching via Tallahatchie (where the regiment wab 
 engaged in a sharp skirmish) ; from thence to Abbe- 
 ville ; thence seven miles below Oxford ; thence to 
 Holly Springs, Moscow and Memphis, Tenn. Re- 
 mained in Memphis until the 17th, when embarked on 
 transport and en route to Young's Point until 24th, re- 
 maining there until February nth ; then moved to 
 Lake Providence, and assigned to the Seventeenth 
 Army Corps, making headquarters there until April 
 20tli, participating in expedition to American Bend, 
 from March 17th t028th. April 23, 1S63, the One Hun- 
 dred and Ninth Illinois Infantry was transferred to the 
 Eleventh, 589 being the aggregate gained by the trans- 
 fer. April 26th, regiment moved with column to rear 
 of Vicksburg, via Richmond, Perkins' Landing, Grand 
 Gulf, Raymond and Black River, arriving before the 
 works May i8th ; May 19th and 22d, engaged in_ as- 
 saults on the enemy's works ; then in the advance siege 
 works to July 4th, at time of surr-nder ; the regiment 
 losing in the siege and assault i field officer (Colonel 
 Garrett Neviusfkilled, 3 line officers wounded, and 40 
 men killed and wounded. July 17th, moved with ex- 
 pedition to Natchez, Miss., participating in expedition 
 to Woodvillf , Miss. October 12th, returned to Vicks- 
 burg, Miss., making headquarters there to July 29, 
 1864 ; in the meantime engaged in the following expe- 
 ditions ; February ist to March 8ih, up Yazoo river to 
 Greenwood, Miss., having skin ish at Liverpool 
 Heights, February 5th, losing 4 killed and 9 wofnded ; 
 action at Yazoo City, March 5th, losing i line officer 
 killed, 8 men killed, 24 wounded, and 12 missing ; April 
 6th to 2Sth, at Black River Bridge ; May 4th to 21st, 
 expedition to Yazoo City, Benton and Vaughn's Sta- 
 tion, Miss-, taking prominent part in three important 
 skirmishes ; July ist to 7th, with an expedition to Jack- 
 son, Miss., under Major General Slocum, eng.iged with 
 the enemy three times ; July - 9th, moved to Morganza, 
 and was assigned to Nineteenth Army Corps, staying 
 there to September 3d ; in the meantime participating 
 in an expedition to Clinton, La., August 24th to 29th ; 
 September 3d, moved to mouth of White river. Ark.; 
 
316 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR BECOKD. 
 
 October 8th, moved to Memphis, Tenn., returning to 
 White river October 27th ; November 6th and 7th, ex- 
 pedition to Gaine:.' Landing; November 8th, moved to 
 JJiivall's Blufr, Ark.; November 30th to December 4th, 
 en route to Memphis, Tenn.; December 20th to 31st, 
 expedition to Moscow, Tenn.; January ist to 5th, 
 en route to Kenner, La.; February 4th to 7th, en route 
 to Dauphine Island, via Lake Ponchartrain ; March 
 17th to April i2th, engaged in operations against 
 Mobile, Ala., marching from Fort Morgan, participat- 
 ing in the investment and siege and final capture of 
 Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely, and in the assault on 
 the latter. April 12th, marched into and took posses- 
 sion of the city of Mobile, staying there until the 27th 
 of May, when embarked in transport and moved via 
 Lake Ponchartrain to New Orleans ; from thence to 
 Alexandria, La., remaining there until June 22d ; 
 thence to Baton Rouge, La., to be mustered out of ser- 
 vice ; mustered out July 14, 1S65, and left for Spring- 
 field, HI., for payment and final discharge. 
 
 Killed in the field and died of wounds 149 
 
 Aggregate three months' service 933 
 
 Aggregate three years' service 1 879 
 
 Field and staff, three years' service 53 
 
 The following General Officers have been in the regi- 
 ment : 
 
 Gen. W H. L. Wallace, Gen. T. E. G. Ransom, 
 Gen. Smith D. Atkins. 
 
 The following Field Officers of other regiments were 
 members of this regiment : 
 
 Col. Hotchkiss, Col. Hopeman, Col. H. H. Dean, 
 Col. G. L. Fort, Lieut. Col. McCalb,Maj. S. B. Dean, 
 Maj. Widmer. 
 
 Line Officers from this regiment to other regiments, 
 thirty-three (33). 
 
 ■* Colonel Garrett Nevius, com. Major July 30, 1861. 
 Promoted Lieutenant Colonel Feb. 15, 1862. Pro- 
 moted Colonel March 16, 1863. Killed in Battle 
 near Vicksburg, May 23, 1863. _ 
 
 Adjutant Henry H. Dean, com. First Lieutenant Co. 
 D, July 3O1 1861. Promoted Adjutant Oct. 16, 
 1862. Term expired July 31, 1864. 
 
 Quartermaster Sergeant Herrington Love, e. as Sergt. 
 July 30, 1861 Appointed Q. M. Sergeant Jan. 8, 
 
 1864. Transferred to 46th L V. L Mustered out 
 July 8, 1865. 
 
 Commissary Sergeant Jno. W. Bardwell, e. Aug. 10, 
 
 1861. Appointed Com. Sergeant March 26, 1864. 
 Discharged Aug. 10, 1864, term expired. 
 
 Company D. 
 
 Captain Wm. D. E. Andrus, com. June 30, 1861. Term 
 e.xpired July 31, 1864. 
 
 First Lieutenant Urrin C. Towne, com. Second Lieu- 
 tenant July 30, 1861. First Lieutenant Oct. 16, 
 
 1862. ferm expired July 29, 1864. 
 
 First Lieutenant VVm. H. Stalker, e. as private Sept. 
 28,1861. Re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 22, 1864. Pro- 
 moted Corporal, Scrgeunt, First Sergeant, then 
 Second Lieutenant, July 29, 1864. Promoted First 
 Lieutenant July 31,1864. Mustered out July 14, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Aaron Bayles, e. as private Aug. 15, 
 
 1861. Re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 22, 1864. Promoted 
 Corporal, Sergeant, First Sergeant, then Second 
 Lieutenant, July 31. 1864. Mustered out July 
 14, 1865. 
 
 Sergt. Geo. E. Dolphin, e. July 30, 1861, disd. June Si 
 
 1865, prmt. U. S. C. T. 
 
 Sergt. Samuel T. Beddoes, e. July 30,'6i, trans, to 46th 
 
 L V. L 
 Corpl.D.R. Towne,e.Sept.i, 6i,disd.April 30,'62,disab. 
 Corpl. Benj. F. Whitcher, e. Aug. 15, 1861, disd. Sept. 
 
 I, 1862, as Sergt., wds. 
 Corpl. Henry P. Strong, e. Sept. i,'6i, died Jan. 2o,'62. 
 Corpl. W. H. A. Duner, e. Sept. 25, 1861, kid. at Don- 
 
 elson, Feb. i6, 1862. 
 Corpl. F. J. Houseman, e. Sept. i, '61, m.o. Aug. 21, '65. 
 Corpl. Ambrose Stearns, e. Nov. i, 1861, disd. July 26, 
 
 1862, disab. 
 
 Corpl. S. R. Hest, e. July 3o,'6i, disd. Nov. 20, '62, wds. 
 Musician F. B. Wakeman, e. July 30, 1861, disd. Mch. 
 10, 1863, disab. ' 
 
 Atkins Lewis, e. Sept. i, '61, disd. May 23, '62, disab. 
 Abbott Jas. e. Oct. 22, 1861, died April 6, 1862. 
 
 Atkins Wm. e. Sept. i, 1861, disd. Feb. 16, 1863, disab. 
 Allen Edw. W. e. Sept. i,'6i, disd. Dec. 29, '62, disab. 
 Allen Wm. W, e. Sept. i, '61, disd. Dec. 29, '62, disab. 
 Bridgman O. e. Aug. 15, '61, died April 17, 1S62, wds. 
 Bourne M. E. e. Aug. 10, '61, disd. Aug. 10, '64, term ex. 
 Briggs G. J. e. Aug. 10, '61, disd. Aug. 10 '64, term ex. 
 Bookhaut Jas. e. Aug. 10, 1861, trans, to 8th I. V. L 
 Bramer Henry, e. Aug. lo, 1861, disd. April 7, 1S64. 
 Britt Chas. F. e. Aug. 23, '61, disd. Sept. i, '63, disab. 
 Balson Wesley ,e. Oct. 22, '61, disd. Oct. 21, '64, term ex. 
 Compton R. A. e. Nov. i, '61, disd. Feb. i, '62, disab. 
 Carey Thos. e. Nov. i, '61, died March 15, 1862. 
 Crawford Jas. e. Aug. 15, '61, disd. July 20. '62, disab. 
 Croley Daniel, e. Oct. 24, 1861, drowned Dec. 9, 1861. 
 Coddington A.VV.e. Oct.i4,'6i, disd. Aug. 15, '62, disab. 
 Doolittle P. W. e. Sept. 7, 1861, m. o. Dec. 17, 1864. 
 Donaldson Jas. B. e. Aug. 15, 1861, died Nov. 17, 1862. 
 Darling Geo. W. e. Ncv. 7, 1861, died Feb. 20, 1862. 
 Denton D. H. e. Aug. 15, '61, disd. Dec. 29,' 62, disab. 
 Darralls F. W. e. Sept. 15, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 Frick F. e. Aug. 15, '61, m.o. as Corpl. Aug. 22, 1864. 
 Fuller Edwin B. e. Sept. 7, '61, disd. Sept. 7, '64, term e.x. / 
 Flannery M. e. Oct. 23, 1861, disd. Nov. 7, 1863, wds. 
 Gile Wm. A. e. Sept. 7, 1861, died Oct. 13, home on 
 
 furlough. 
 Gilbert Geo. W. e. Oct. 2, '61, disd. May 10, '63, disab. 
 Gile Geo. W. e. Sept. 7, 1861, m. o. June 28, 1865. 
 Hamilton C. A. e. Aug. 10, 1861, died Oct. 7, 1861. 
 Hawkinson Chas. e. July 30, '61, disd. Corpl. Aug. 17*64. 
 Hudson Wm. e. Aug. 15, '61, disd. Aug. 14, '64, term ex.. 
 Harris H. E. e. Aug. 15, '61, disd. Aug. 17, '64, termex. 
 Hudson W. J. e. Aug. 15, '61, disd. Aug. 17, '64, term ex. 
 John Wm. e. Aug. is, '61, re-enlisted as vet., died June 
 
 15, 1865. 
 Kent Wm. T. e. Aug. 10, 1861, disd. May 23, '62, disab. 
 Kingsley S. e. Sept. i. 1861, died May 28, 1862. 
 Krunney F. e. Sept. i,'6i, died of wds. rec'd Donelson. 
 Loop M. M. e. Aug. 15, 1861, disd. Oct. 7, 1862. 
 Lathram A. H. e. Sept. i,'6r, disd. March 17, '62, disab. 
 Murphy Roger, e. Aug. 10, '61, disd. Aug. 25, '62, disab. 
 Murphy John, e. Oct. 4. 1861, died June 8, 1862. 
 Murphy Wm. J. e. Oct. 7, '61. disd. Aug. 6, '62, disab. 
 Manchester Dennis, e. Sept. s,'6i, kid. at Shiloh, April 
 
 6, 1862. 
 Manchester Geo. H. e, Sept. i, 1861, died May 30,1863. 
 Mager E. K. e. July 30, 1861, died Feb. 20, 1862, wds. 
 Newell F. C. e. Aug.. 15 1861, died Aug. 21, 1863. 
 Pelton A. H. e. Aug! 15, 1861, died Oct. 30, 1861. 
 Pluiiier S.e. Nov. 7, 1861. disd. May 23, 1863, disab. 
 Shank C. C. e. July 30, 1861, m. o. July 29, 1864. 
 Stalker Jas. H. e. Sept. 20, '61, disd. Nov. 20, '62,disab. 
 Stewart Chas. e. Oct. 12, 1861, disd. May 23, 1862. 
 Sullivan Daniel, e. Oct. 24, '61, died April 11, '62, wds. 
 Thurston John, e. Oct. 10, '61. re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 
 
 22, 1864, trans, to 8th L V. I. 
 Thompson Sam. e. Nov. i, 1861, died May 6, 1862. ! 
 
 Trask Julius, e. Aug. 10, '61, disd. May 23, '62, disab. 
 Trask M. e. Sept. i, '61, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 5, '63, 
 
 trans, to 46th L V. L 
 Town Wm. e. Sept. i, 1861, disd. Aug. 15, 1S62, disab. 
 Wheeler Chas. T. e. Sept. i, 1861, disd. Sept. 7, 1864. 
 Wilson Wm. M. e. Aug. 15, '61, disd. May 23, '62, disab, 
 Westbrook Jas. S. e. Sept. 15, 1861, disd. Sept. 17, 1864. 
 Warren John W. o. Sept. i, 1861, died Dec. 24, 1864. 
 Webb Miles C. e. Sept. i, i86i, disd. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Warner A. 3. e. Sept. i, i86i, disd. Sept. 7, 1864. 
 Wright E. A. e. Sept. i. '61, disd. May 23, '62, disab. 
 
 Daniels F. W. e. Dec. 9,'62,prmt.Corpl. died July 7,'6s. 
 Howard Matthews, e. Dec. 8, 1863, trans, to 8th L V. 1. 
 John Wm. e. March 9, 1864, died June 15, 1865. 
 Thompson A. A. e. Jan. 22, 1864, trans, to non-com- 
 missioned staff as Sergt. Major. 
 
 Abraham Jno. e. Dec. 17, '63, trans, to SthLV.LCorpl. 
 Blackburn Jos. e. Dec. 22, '63, trans, to 8th L V. L 
 Barns Louis, e. Dec. 12, 1863, m. o. Sept. 26, 1865. 
 Beggs Paul, e. Aug. 15, 1862, died Aug. 7, 1863. 
 Coleman Isaac, e. Aug. 15, 1862, m. o. July 14, 1865. 
 Crowell F. B. e. Aug. 15, 1862, kid. at Yazoo City, 
 
 March 5, 1864. 
 Jackson Wm. A. e. Dec. 23, '63, trans, to 46th I. V. I. 
 Loop M. M. e. Dec. 17, '63, disd. Oct. 30, '64, disab. 
 Pitney Levi, e. Dec. i/, '63, absent without leave since 
 
 July 30, 1864. 
 Stalker Ewd. B. e. Aug. 14, '62, m.o. Sergt. July 14*65. 
 Spicer A. C. disd. Sept. i, 1863, disab. 
 Van Needam Tlieo. e. Jan. 4, 1864, trans, to 46th I. V.I. 
 Wellington Thos. e. Dec. 24, 1863, trans, to 8th I. V. I. 
 

 ROSCOE TP 
 
1 
 
 I 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR KECORD. 
 
 319 
 
 Company G. 
 
 First Lieutenant Edward P. Thomas, e. as First Ser- 
 geant Co. D, Sept. I, 1861. Promoted Second 
 Lieutenant Feb. 15,1862. Promoted First Lieuten- 
 ant Nov. 22, 1862. Term expired Oct. 31, 1864. 
 
 15th Infantry, 
 
 The Fifteenth Regiment Infantry Illinois Volunteers 
 was organized at Freeport, Illinois, and mustered into 
 the United States service May 24, 1861 — being the first 
 regiment organized from the State for the three years' 
 service. It then proceeded to Alton, 111., remaining 
 there six weeks for instruction. Left Alton for St. 
 Charles, Mo., thence, by rail, to Mexico, Mo. Marched 
 to Hannibal, Mo., thence, by steamboat, to Jefferson 
 Barracks ; then, by rail, to Rollo, Mo. Arrived in 
 time to cover Gen. Siegel's retreat from Wilson's Creek; 
 thence to Tipton, Mo., and thence joined Gen. Fre- 
 mont's army. Marched from there to Springfield, Mo.; 
 thence back to Tipton ; then to Sedalia with Gen. 
 Pope, and assisted in the capture of 1,300 of the enemy 
 a few miles from the latter place ; then marched to Ot- 
 terville, Mo., where it went into winter quarters, Dec. 
 26, 1861. Remained there until Feb. i, 1862.' Then 
 marched to Jefferson City ; thence to St. Louis, by rail ; 
 embarked on transports for Fort Donelson, arriving 
 there the day of the surrender. 
 
 'I'he regiment was then assigned to the Fourth Di- 
 vision, Gen. Hurlbut commanding, and marched to 
 Fort Henry. Then embarked on transports for Pitts- 
 burg Landing. Participated in the battles of the 6th 
 and 7th of April, losing 252 men, killed and wounded. 
 Am^ng the former were Lieutenant Colonel E. T. W. 
 Ellis, Major Goddard, Capiain- Brownell and Wayne, 
 and Lieutenant John W. Puterbaugh. Captain Adam 
 Nase, wouiided and taken prisoner. The regiment then 
 marched to Corinth, participating in various skirmishes 
 and the siege of that place, losing a number of men 
 killed and wounded. 
 
 After the evacuation of Corinth, the regiment marched 
 to Grand Junction ; thence to Holly Springs, back to 
 Grand Junction; thence to Lagrange; thence to Mem- 
 phis, arriving there July 21, 1862, and remained there 
 until September 6th. Then marched to Bolivar ; thence 
 to the Hatchie river, and participated in the battle of 
 the Hatchie. Lost' fifty killed and wounded in that en- 
 gagement. Then returned to Bolivar ; from thence to 
 Lagrange ; thence, with Gen. Grant, down through 
 Mississippi to Coffeeville, returning to Lagrange and 
 Memphis ; thenc= to Vicksburg, taking an active part 
 in the siege of that place. After the surrender of 
 Vicksburg, marched with .Sherman to Jackson, Miss.; 
 then returned to Vicksburg and embarked for Natchez. 
 Marched thence to Kingtton ; returned to Natchez ; 
 then to Harrisonburg, La., capturing Fort Beauregard, 
 on the Washita river. Returned to Natchez, remained 
 there until Nov. 10, 1863. Proceeded to Vicksburg and 
 went into winter quarters. Here the regiment re- 
 enlisted as veterans, remaining until Feb. i, 1864, when 
 it moved with Gen. Sherman through Mississippi. On 
 Champion Hills had a severe engagement with rebel 
 Carney. Marched to Meridian ; thence south to Enter- 
 prise ; thence b,ick to Vicksburg. Was then ordered 
 to Illinois on veteran furlough. On expiration of fur- 
 lough joined Seventeenth Army Corps and proceeded 
 up the Tennessee river to Clifton ; thence to Hunts- 
 ville, Ala.; thence to Decatur and Rome, Ga.; thence 
 to Kingston, and joined Gen. Sherman's army, march- 
 ing on Atlanta. 
 
 At AUatoona Pass the Fifteenth and the Fourteenth 
 Infantry were consolidated, and the organization was 
 known as the Veteran Battalion Fourteenth and Fif- 
 teenth Illinois Infantry Volunteers, and numbering 625 
 men. From AUatoona Pass it proceeded to Ackworth, 
 and was then assigned to duty, guarding the Chatta- 
 nooga and Atlanta Railroad. Whilst engaged in this 
 duty, the regiment being scattered along the line of 
 road, the rebel Gen. Hood, marching north, struck the 
 road at Big Shanty and Ackworth, and captured about 
 300 of the command. The remainder retreated to Ma- 
 rietta, were mounted and acted as scouts for Gen. Van- 
 dever. They were afterwards transferred to Gen. F. 
 P. Blair, and marched with Gen. Sherman through 
 Georgia. 
 
 After the capture of Savannah, the regiment pro- 
 ceeded to Beaufoit, South Carolina; thence to Salka- 
 
 18 
 
 hatchie river, participating in the various skirmishes in 
 that vicinity — Columbia, S. C, Fayetteville, N. C., 
 battle of Bentonville — losing a number wounded; 
 thence to Goldsboro and Raleigh. At Raleigh, recruits 
 sufficient to fill up both regiments were received, ana 
 the organization ot the Veteran Battalion discontinued, 
 and the Fifteenth reorganized. The campaign of Gen. 
 Sherman ended by the surrender of Gen. Johnson. The 
 regiment then marched with the army to Washington, 
 D. Q,.,via Richmond and Fredericksburg, and partici- 
 pated in the grand review at Washiui>ton, May 24, 
 1865 ; remained there two weeks. Proceeded, by rail 
 and steamboat, to Louisville, Ky.; remained at Louis- 
 ville two weeks. The regiment was then detached from 
 the Fourth Division, Seventeenth Army Corps, and 
 proceeded, by steamer, to St. Louis; from thence to 
 Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, arriving there July i, 1865. 
 Joined the army serving on the Plains. Arrived at Fort 
 Kearney, August 14th ; then ordered to return to Fort 
 Leavenworth, S,-pt. i, 1S65. where the regiment was 
 mustered out the service and placed t?« ro/</t' for .Spring- 
 field, 111., for final payment and discharge — having 
 served four years and four months. 
 
 Number of miles marched 4299 
 
 Number of miles by rail 2403 
 
 Number of miles by steamer 4310 
 
 Total miles traveled 11 012 
 
 Number of men joined from organization 1963 
 
 Number of men at date of muster-out 640 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Edward F. Ellis, com. May 14, 
 
 _ 1861. Killed in battle of Pittsburg Landing. 
 Adjutant Cyrenus C. Clark, com. First Lieutenant Co. 
 
 C, May 14, 1S61. Promoted Adjutant Sept. 4, 1861. 
 
 Transferred to Staff. 
 Quartermaster Sergeant Jacob H. Read, com. Jan. 
 
 I, 1864. Transferred to Field and Staff Veteran 
 
 Battalion. 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Lyman Chas. W. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. 
 Teisdale Robt. M. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. 
 
 Company B. 
 
 Cleaver Chas. W. e. May 24, 1861. disd. Feb. 6, 1862, 
 
 worthlessness. 
 Dunham Sam'l, e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 
 
 I, 1864. See Co. B, Vet. Bat. 
 Hartman H. H. e. May 24, '61, disd. Feb. 6, '62, disab. 
 Hardy Job E. e. May 24, '61, disd. Aug. 21, '62, disab. 
 Rhodes Milton, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. 
 Smith Geo. G. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as vet., m.o. 
 
 May 30, 1865, First Sergeant. 
 WestfallChas. H.e. May 24,'6i, trans. Co. I, May 29 '61. 
 
 Vet. Dis. March 27, 1865. 
 
 Briggs D. D. disd. Sept. 13, 1861, disab. 
 
 Eastman E. H. e. May 24, '61, died July 27, '62, wds. 
 
 Garrett John H. e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 18, '62, disab. 
 
 Hill F. R. e. May 24, 1861, disab. 
 
 Hardy A. W. e. May 24, '61, disd. June i, '62, disab. 
 
 Company G. 
 
 Captain Holder Brounell, commissioned May 14, 1861. 
 Killed at battle Pittsburg Landing. 
 
 Captain Geo. W. Bradley, commissiohed Second Lieu- 
 tenant, May 14, 1861. Promoted First Lieutenant, 
 Sept. 4, 1861. Promoted Captain, April 7, 1862. 
 Died May 28, 1863. 
 
 Captain Hampden S. Cottel, e. as Sergt. May 24, 1861. 
 Promoted Second Lieutenant, Aug. 21, 1862. Pro- 
 moted Captain, May 28, 1863. Mustered out at 
 consolidation. 
 
 First Lieutenant Gideon V. Carr, e. as private May 24, 
 
 1861. Promoted First Lieutenant, April 7, 1862. 
 Resigned June 2, 1863. 
 
 First Lieutenant Vilroy Q. Paxon, e. as Corporal, May 
 
 24, 1861. Promoted First Lieutenant, June 2, 1863. 
 
 Mustered out at consolidation. 
 Second Lieutenant Orville T. Andrews, e. as Sergeant, 
 
 May 24, 1861. Promoted Second Lieutenant, Sept. 
 
 4, 1861. Honorably discharged, Aug. 21, 1863. 
 Sergt. Lamar H. Lowe, e. May 24, 1861, diad. Oct. 18, 
 
 1862, disab. 
 
320 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAK RECOKD. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. H. Lowe, e. May 24, 1861, disd. Aug. 18, 
 
 1862, disab. 
 Corpl. Chancy R. Burch, e. May 24, 1861, disd. July 
 
 28, 1S62, disab. 
 
 Brown G. B. e. May 24, i86i,disd. March 31,^63, disab. 
 Bowman John A. e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 3o,'62,disab. 
 Buckley Wm. T. e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 30, '62, disab. 
 Breen Wm. R. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as veteran, 
 
 March I, 1864, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Bennett D. W. e. May 24, 1861. 
 
 Bennett Abel H. e. May 24, '61, disd. Aug. 4, '62, disab. 
 Battershall F. H. e. May 24, '61, disd. Apl. 28,'62, disab. 
 Babcock Geo. W. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Benson James, e. May 24, '61, disd. Aug. 23, '61, disab. 
 Baltazer A. G. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Brown Wm. H. e. May 24, '61. kid. Shiloh, Apl. 6, '62. 
 Cook Lewis, e. May 24, 1861, died Nov. 8, 1861. 
 Crowell F. J. e. May 24, 1861, died Oct. 18, 1S61. 
 Cooledge Jas. M. e. May 24. i8bi, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Coughtry Wm. e. May 24, 1861, kid. Shiloh, Apl. 6,'62. 
 Coughtry Jas. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Conger John D. e. May 24, '61, disd. Nov. 25, '61, disab. 
 Compton John, e. May 24, 1861, died May 18, '62, wds. 
 Day D. W. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25. 1864. 
 Douglas Wallace, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Eason Elias J. e. May 24, 1861, disd. June 16. 1861, 
 
 worthlessness. 
 Falcon A. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as veteran, Jan. 
 
 I, 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. 
 Horsman Edw. A. e. May 24, '61, disd. July 17, '62, disab. 
 Haye Z. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Hart Wm. J. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Hunter David, e. May 24, 1S61, disd. Oct. 8, '61, disab. 
 Hambright F. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Hart Peter, e. May 24, 1861, disd. Oct. 18, 1862. 
 Hope Walter H. e. May 23, 1861, trans, to Co, C, Vet. 
 
 Bat. 
 Hager Patrick, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 
 Johnson Frank, e. May 24, '61, disd. Dec. 16, '62,disab. 
 ohn Wesley, e. May 24, 1861, disd. Aug. 21, '62, disab. 
 Knapp A. W. e. May 24, 1861, disd. July 23, '62, disab. 
 Kilburn Jas. H. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Keel C. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as veteran Jan. i, 
 
 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. 
 King Oscar, e. May 24, 1861, disd. Oct. 15, 1861, disab. 
 Keeling Geo. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as veteran 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. 
 Lake E. E. e. May 24, 1861, disd. Dec. 4, 1862, disab. 
 La Barr Wm. H. H. e. May 24, 1861, kid. by lightning. 
 
 May 25, i86i. 
 Liddle Jos. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Merchant Abel L. e. May 24, 1861, died Nov. 15, 1863. 
 Marston Geo. W. e. May 24, '61, disd. Aug. 9, '62, disab. 
 Merchant D. C. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as veteran 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, kid. July 22, 1864. 
 Mahon James, e. May 24, 1861, trans, to Invalid Corps, 
 
 Sept. 26, 1863. 
 Needham W. O. c. May 24, j86i. 
 Osborn Edgar, e. May 24, 1861, died April 4, 1862. 
 Owen Jonathan, e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 18, '62,disab. 
 Pritchard Asa, e. May 24, i85i, disd. Dec. 16, '62, disab. 
 Peterson F. e. May 24, 1861, ra. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Royston F. B. e, May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Riddington Chas. H. e. May 24, i86i,m.o. May 25, '64. 
 Read Jacob H. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as veteran 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. 
 Roth John, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Spaulding Geo. H. e. May 24, 1861, m, o. May 25, '64. 
 Smith Samuel K. e. May 24, i86i, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Starkey W. L. e. May 24, 1861, died July 27, 1862. 
 Simpson Chas. H. e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 20, '61, 
 
 disab. 
 Shores L. D. e. May 24, 1861, disd. Nov. 29, '62, disab. 
 Simpson Peter, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Tyler C. M. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Taylor A. C. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Vance John E. e. May 24, '61, kid. Shiloh, Apl. 6, '62. 
 Wisner H. T. e. May 24, 1861, d1sd.Mch.31, '63,disab. 
 Wells Bennett, e. May 24, i86i. 
 Willis Frank, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 25, 1864. 
 Ward R. L. e. May 24, 1861, re-enlisted as veteran 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, died Nov. 18, '64, Andersonville pris. 
 
 Crawford Jacob M. e, Jan. i, 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. 
 Wood Newel P. e. Jan. i, 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. 
 Douglas A. e. Sept. 16, 1861, died May i, 1862, wds. 
 LaBarr Chas. G. e. May 28, 1861, died July 5, '62, wds, 
 Weld Arthur E. e. Dec. 20, 1863, m. o. May 30, 1865. 
 
 Company F. 
 
 Captain Cyrenus C. Clark, commissioned Feb. 18,1862. 
 Died July 15, 1863. 
 
 4:4th Infantry, 
 
 The Forty-fourth was organized in August, 1861, at 
 Camp ElUworth, Chicago, under the supervision of 
 Col. Chas. Knoblesdorff, and was mustered into seivice 
 Sept. 13, and immediately embarked for St. Louis, Mo. 
 Thence on 22d to Jefferson City. On 2qth marched to 
 Sedalia, and was assigned to Gen. Sigel s famous divi- 
 sion. (J)ct. 13th took up line of march for Springfield, 
 Mo. The Forty-fourth was too late to participate in 
 the battle of Wilson Creek. It then moved to Rolla, 
 where it encamped for the winter. Gen. Curtis having 
 assumed command, on Feb. 2d the Forty-fourth moved 
 toward Springfield, to attack Price's army, but found 
 him gone ; pursued him into Arkansas. The two 
 armies concentrated their whole strength and met at 
 Pea Ridge, where a bloody battle was fought, defeating 
 the enemy, and in which the Forty-fourth took a prom- 
 inent part. It was also one of the most effective regi- 
 ments in the pursuit of the retr<"ating rebels, capturing 
 one stand of colors, many prisoners and several pieces 
 of artillery. Resumed march April 5 to Forsythe, Mo, 
 and Batesville, Ark., where the army was re-organized, 
 and the Forty-fourth placed in Col. Osterhaus' brigade. 
 It thence proceeded to Cape Girardeau, Mo., and 
 thence by steamer to Pittsburg Landing, Tenn . , where it 
 arrived May 26th, and proceeded to army then besieg- 
 ing Corinth. Two days after arrival, rebels evacuated 
 and the Forty-fourth was assigned to Gen. Pope's 
 command, and went in pursuit of the fleeing enemy. 
 
 Was in camp at Rienzi, Miss., two months. Cincin- 
 nati, Ohio, being threatened, the Brigade, under com- 
 mand of Col. Grensel, marched thither, w ere it ar- 
 rived Sept. ist, and on the 17th moved, by rail, to 
 Louisville. Here the army was again reorganized, and 
 the Forty-fourth assigned to the Army of the Ohio, 
 under Gen. Buell, and was in the battle of Perrysville, 
 Oct. 8th, in a division commanded by Gen. P. H. 
 Sheridan. Marched to Crab Orchard and Bowling 
 Green, when Gen. Rosecrans assumed command. 
 
 Marched to Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 26. Moved, 
 with the army, against Murfreesboro, Tenn., and was 
 attached to Second Brigade, Third Division, Twen- 
 tieth Army Corps, Col. Shaffer commanding the Brig- 
 ade, Gen. Sheridan the Division, and Gen. McCook 
 the Corps. 
 
 At Stone River the Forty-fourth lost half its number, 
 in killed and wounded. 
 
 June 26, 1863, was engaged at Hoover's Gap, Shelby. 
 ville, and Tallahoma, Tenn. Thence it moved to 
 Stevrnson and Bridgeport, Ala., and to Chattanooga, 
 Tenn., ami took part in the battle of Chickamauga. 
 In the battle of Mission Ridge, soon after. Gen. Sheri- 
 dan gave the Forty-fourth the praise of placing their 
 flag among the very first on the Rebel works. It then 
 made a forced march to relieve our army at Knoxville, 
 arriving three days after the siege was raised. The 
 Twentieth and Twenty-first Corps being consolidated, 
 the Forty-fourth was assigned to the Fourth Corps, 
 and Gen. F. T. Sherman to the command of Brigade. 
 
 After many marches and hardships the Forty-fourth 
 arrived at Chattanooga, Feb. 3, 1864, and, for the first 
 time in four months, drew full rations from the Gov- 
 ernment. Here the regiment re-enlisted and went 
 home on veteran furlough, arriving in Chicago March 
 1st, having marched during its term of enlistment over 
 5,000 miles. 
 
 April 14th, it arrived at Nashville, and immediately 
 marched to Chattanooga, and Irom thence entered on 
 the memorable Atlanta campaign, and participated in 
 the following skirmishes and engagements : Buzzard 
 Roost, Rocky-Faced Mountain, Resaca, Adairsville, 
 Dallas, New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Gulps 
 Farm, Chattahoochie River, Peach Tree Creek, At- 
 lanta, and Jonesboro. Its movements then were to 
 Chattanooga, Tenn., Athens, Ala. , Pulaska, Tenn., 
 and from thence gradually fell back on Nashville, 
 closely pursued by the enemy, and took a very promi- 
 nent part in the battle of Franklin. Thence proceeded, 
 via Nashville, to Huntsville, Ala., arriving January 5, 
 1865, March 28th, was ordered to Knoxville, thence to 
 Blue Springs, Tenn. 
 
 After the surrender of the Rebel armies the Forty- 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAE RECORD. 
 
 321 
 
 fourth was ordered to New Orleans, arriving June 22d. 
 It then moved, by steamer, to Port Lavaca, Texas, 
 where it remained until Sept. 25th, when it was mus- 
 tered out and proceeded to Springfield, 111., arriving 
 Oct. 15, 1865, and received its final payment and dis- 
 charge. 
 
 Major Luther M. Sabine, com. Captain Co. G Aug. 
 14, 1861. Promoted Major Oct. i, 1862. Resigned 
 Sept. 30, 1862. 
 
 Major Gustavus Freysleben, e. as Sergeant Co. G Aug. 
 I, i36i. Promoted Second Lieutenant Feb. 28, 
 1862. Promoted Captain Co. A June 27, 1862. 
 Promoted Major Sept. 30, 1864. Resigned (as 
 Captain) Feb. 24, 1865. 
 
 Major Alonzo W. Clark, e. as First Sergeant Co. G 
 Aug. I, 1861. Promoted Second Lieutenant July 
 17, 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant Jan. 25, 1863. 
 Promoted Captain Oct. i, 1862. Promoted Major 
 May 10, 1865. Resigned (as Captain) July 8, 1865. 
 
 Sergeant Major Edgar I. Davis, e. Aug. i, 1861. Re- 
 duced to ranks Co. E Sept. 21, 1863. 
 
 Quarter-Master Sergeant Isaac I. Hicks, e. Aug. i, '61. 
 
 Principal Musician Gottfried Neitzel, e. Aug. 24, 1861. 
 Mustered out Jan. 26, 1863. 
 
 Principal Musician James Jory, e. Jan. i, 1864. Mus- 
 tered out Sept. 25, 1865. 
 
 Company G. 
 
 Captain Nathan Rnndell, e. as Corporal Aug. i, 1861. 
 Re-enlisted as veteran Jan. i, 1864. Promoted 
 First Lieutenant Sept. 25, 1864. Promoted Cap- 
 tain May 10, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Randolph D. Hobart, com. Aug. 14, 
 1861. Resigned April ig, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant Reuben E. Norton, e. as Sergeant 
 Aug. I, 1861. Promoted First Lieutenant April 
 IQ, 1862. Resigned Jan. 25, 1863. 
 
 First Lieutenant Silas B. Merchant, e. as private Aug. 
 I, 1861. Promoted Second Lieutenant Jan. 25, 
 
 1863. Promoted First Lieutenant Oct, i, 1862. 
 Resigned Sept. 25, 1864. 
 
 First Lieutenant Hollam R. Smith, e. as private Aug. 
 I, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran. Promoted Ser- 
 geant. Promoted First Lieutenant May 10, 1865. 
 Mustered out Sept. 25, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Robt. Penman, com. Aug. 14, 1S61. 
 Resigned Feb. 28, 1862. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Edgar J. Davis, e. as Sergeant 
 - Aug. I, 1861. Promoted Sergeant Major. Pro- 
 moted Second Lieutenant Oct. i, 1862. Mustered 
 out as Sergeant. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. H. Edgington, e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. May 
 26, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Jas. J. Sloat, e. Aug.i,'6i,disd.Oct.28,'63,disab. 
 
 Corpl. J. B. Jennings, e. Aug. i, '61, m. o. Sept. 8, '64. 
 
 Corpl. C. R. Wells, e. Aug.i, '61, died Jan. 2, '63, wds. 
 
 Musician S. B. Hicks, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as 
 vet. Jan. i, 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. 
 
 Wagoner Thos. Penman, ^- •'^"S- 'i 1861. 
 
 Comsy. Sergeant Henry Adams, e. Aug. i, 1861, died 
 Oct. 23, 1861. 
 
 Alien Titus, e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. April 23, 1862; 
 Aiken John, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. 
 
 Attwood Geo. e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. Jan. ig, 1862. 
 Abbott Asbury, e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. April 18, 1864. 
 Abbott T. J. e. Aug. i, 1861, Vet., m.o. Sept. 25, '65. 
 Babcock Floyd, e. Aug. i, 1861, died June 28, 1864. 
 Baker C. I>> e. Aug. i, 1861, died Nov. 25, 1863, wds. 
 Harsbee Albert, e. Aug. i, i8fii. 
 Beeler Chas. e. Aug. i, 1861, killed Dec. 31, 1862. 
 Burgat P. e. Aug. i, 1861, trans, to Veteran Reserve 
 
 Corps, April 22, 1864. 
 Burgat Andrew, e. Aug. i, 1861, died at Rolla, Mo., 
 
 Dec. 21, 1861. 
 Bartlett James, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 
 
 I, 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. 
 Bartholomew A. e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 
 Colby Henry, e. Aug. i, 1861, died at Keetsville, Mo. 
 Crawford Levi L. e. Aug. i, 1861, died at Rolla, Mo., 
 
 Nov. 28, i86i. 
 Christian Lewis, e. Aug. i, 1861, killed at Stone River, 
 
 Dec. 31, 1862. 
 Colins Theo. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. I 
 
 Coons C. C. e. Aug. i, i86i, trans, to Veteran Reserve 
 
 Corps, April 30, 1864. 
 Cowan Robt. e. Aug. i, '61, died at Rolla, Mo., Dec. 
 
 23, i86t. 
 Coleman John, e. Aug. i, i86i, disd. Feb. 1862. 
 Champlin Joel, e. Aug. i, i86i, died Jan. ig, '63, wds. 
 Cummings Jos. e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. Jan. i, 1862. 
 Dobson Albert, e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 Don Thos. e. Sept. i, 1861, disd. Oct. 9, 1862. 
 Furgeson Isaiah, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1863. 
 Fisher Henry, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 
 
 I, 1864, killed in Georgia. May 17, 1864. 
 Fulner Michael, e. Aug. i, 1861, died Feb. 4, '64, wds. 
 Gray D. P. e. Aug. i, '61, died at Rolla, Mo., Dec. 28, '61. 
 Godding Asa, e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. March, 1862. 
 Goodrich M. e. Sept. i, 1S61, died Dec. 21, 1862. 
 Gifford A. e. Sept. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, iS6s. 
 Hanks Wm. H. e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. Aug. i, 1862. 
 Hart Adam, e. Aug. i, 1861, re. enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865, as Sergt, 
 Hart Wm. e. Aug. i, 1861. re-enlisted as vet, Jan, i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. 
 Hubbard Daniel, e. Aug. i, 1861, trans, to V. R. C., 
 
 Aug. I, ^863. 
 Handlein Thos. e. Aug. i, 1S61. 
 
 Johnson W. e. Aug. i, '61, died at Rolla, Mo., Nov. 26,'6i. 
 Jury James, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet, Jan. i, 
 
 1864, prmt. Principal Musician. 
 Knapp Geo. W. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, died June 28, 1864, wds. 
 Merchant A. J. e. Aug. i, is6i, re-enlisted as vet, Jan, 
 
 I, 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. 
 Mead R. J. e. Aug. i, 1861, died Nov, 30, 1861. 
 Makepeace C. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan, 
 
 I, 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Murphy John, e, Aug. i, 1861, died Jan. 25, '63, wds. 
 Moses Theo. W. e. Aug.i, '61, disd. May 24, '62, Sergt, 
 Naurtc Jacob, e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 Norton Marcus, e. Sept. i, 1861, 
 Porter James, e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 Parish Wm. H. e. Aug. i, 1861, trans, to First Mo. Lt. 
 
 Art., April, 1862. 
 Rogers Chas. e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 Rogers O. C. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan.i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. 
 Ramsdell N. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet, Jan, i, 
 
 1864, m, o. .Sept. 25, 1865. 
 Rising Austin, e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. Oct. 18, 1862, 
 Seely Chas. e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 Sherman Jas. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan.i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Shields Thos. A. e. Aug, i, 1861, died at Rolla, Mo,, 
 
 Dec. 22, 1861. 
 Sawyer E. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 
 
 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Searls Stephen, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enli^ted as vet. Jan, 
 
 I, 1864, m. o. Sept, 25, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Streeter W. e. Aug. i, 1861, disd. March, 1862. 
 Underbill David, e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 Vinton Samuel, e. Aug. i, 1861, died Dec. 31, 1864. 
 Vanastein John W. e. Aug. i, 1861, missing in action, 
 
 at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. 
 Vanbroklin Don, e. Aug. i, i85i. 
 Washburne Henry, e. Aug. i, 1861. 
 Willmott Geo. e. Aug. i, i85i. 
 Wilson Nathan, e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, m. o. July 24, 1865. 
 Willie Thos. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet, Jan. i, 
 
 1864, absent at m. o. of regt. 
 Young Wm. G. e. Aug. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan, 
 
 I, 1864, died July^ 1864, wds, 
 Zorn Philip, e. Aug. i, 1861, died Andersonville Prison 
 March 24, 1861. 
 
 Dale Homer T. e. March 23, 1864, m. o. June 22, 1865. 
 Huff Wm. e. March 23, 1864, m. o. Sept. 25, 1865. 
 Hobart Wm. e. March 21, '64, m.o. .Sept. 25, '65, Corpl, 
 Miller Wm. H. e. March 3i,'64,m.o. Sept. 25, '65, Corpl, 
 Norton R,'C. e. Mch. 25, '64. prmt. Hospital Steward. 
 
 Company I. 
 
 First Lieutenant Thos. J, Abbott, e. as private Aug. i, 
 1861. Re-enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 1864. Promoted 
 Sergeant, then First Lieutenant, Sept. 15, 1864. 
 Mustered out Sept 25, 1865. 
 
322 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECOKD. 
 
 4:5th Infantry, 
 
 The Washburne Lead Mine Regiment was organized 
 at Chicago, 111., Dec. 25, 1861, by Col. John E. Smith, 
 and mustered into the United :^tates' service as the 
 Forty-fifth lufantry Illinois Volunteers. Jan. 15,1862, 
 m:ived to Cairo, 111. February ist* assie;ned to Brigade 
 of Col. W. H. L. Wallace, Division of Brig. Gen. Mc- 
 Clernand. February 4th, landed beloA- Fort Henrj^on 
 the Tennessee, and on the 6th marched into the fort, it 
 having been surrendered to the gun-boats. February • 
 nth, moved toward Fort Donelson, and during the suc- 
 ceeding days bore its part of the suffering and of the 
 battle. The flag of the Forty-fifth was the first planted 
 on the enemy's works. Loss — 2 killed and 26 wounded. 
 March 4th, moved to the Tennessee river, and nth, 
 arrived at Savannah. Was engaged in the expedition 
 to Pin Hook. March 25th, moved to Pittsburg Land- 
 ing, and encamped near Shil. h Church. 
 
 The Forty-fifth took a conspicuous and honorable 
 part in the two days' battle of Shiloh, losing 26 killed 
 and 199 wounded and missing — nearly one. half of the 
 regi'.nent. April 12th, Col. John E. Smith, of the 
 Forty-fifth, took command of the Brigade. During 
 the seige of Corinth, the regiment was in the P irst Bri- 
 gade, I'hird Division, Reserve Army of the Tennessee, 
 and bore its full share of the labors and dangers of the 
 campaign. June 4th, the regiment was assigned to 
 Third Brigade, and moved toward Purdy, fifteen miles. 
 On the 5th, marched to Bethel; 7th, to Montezuma, 
 and on the 8th to Jackson, Tenn., the enemy flying on 
 its approach. 
 
 During the months of June and July, engaged in 
 garrison and guard duty. August nth, assigned to 
 gnarding railroad, near Toon's Station. On the 31st, 
 after much desperate fighting. Companies C and D 
 were captured. The remainder of the regiment, con- 
 centrating at Toon's Station, were able to resist the at- 
 tack of largely outnumbering forces. Loss — 3 killed. 13 
 wounded and 43 taken prisoners. September 17th, 
 moved to Jackson ; November 2d, to Bolivar, and was 
 assigned to First Brigade, Third Division, Right Wing, 
 Thirteenth Army Corps. Nov. 3, 1862, marched from 
 Bolivar to Van Buren ; 4th, to Lagrange, and were as- 
 signed to Provost duty ; 28th, marched to Holly 
 Springs ; December 3d, to Waterford ; 4th, to Abbe- 
 ville ; 5th, to Oxford, to Yocona river, near Spring 
 Dale. ■ 
 
 Communications with the north having been cut off, 
 foraged on the country for supplies. December 17th, 
 notice received of the promotion of Col. John E, Smith 
 to Brigadier General, ranking from November 2gth ; 
 December 22d, returned to Oxford ; 24th, m.oved to a 
 camp three mil s north of Abbeville, on the Talla- 
 hatchie river, where the regiment remained during the 
 month. Mustered out July 12, 1865, at Louisville, Ky., 
 and arrived at Chicago July 15, 1865, for final payment 
 and discharge. 
 
 Colonel Robt. P. Sealey, com. First Lieutenant Co. F. 
 Sept. 17. 1861. Promoted Captain Co. G, Nov. i. 
 1861. Promoted Lieutenant Colonel June 28, 1863. 
 Promoted Colonel Aug. 4, 1863. Honorably dis- 
 charged (as Lieut. Col.) Jan. 10, 1865. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Melancthon Smith, com. Major 
 Oct. 31, 1861. Promoted Lieutenant Colonel Nov. 
 29, 1862. Died ofvvounds. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Jas. J. Palmer, com. First Lieuten- 
 ant Co. F, Dec. 2g, 1861. Promoted Captain April 
 8,1862. Promoted Major Jan. 10, 1865. Promoted 
 Lieutenant Colonel July 13, 1865. Mustered out 
 (as Major) July 12, 1865. 
 
 Adjutant Giles H Bush, com. Jan. 21, 1863. Resigned 
 Sept. 22, 1864. Re-entered service as Captain of 
 147th Regiment. 
 
 Quartermaster Evans Blake, com. Nov. 25, 1861. Re- 
 signed Jan. 31, 1865. 
 
 First Assistant Surgeon Wm. Lyman, com. Second As- 
 sistant Surgeon Sept. 5, 1862. Promoted First 
 Assistant Surgeon March 21, 1863. Resigned July 
 9,1863. 
 
 First Assistant Surgeon John Conant, com. Second 
 Assistant Surgeon April 28, 1863 Promoted First 
 Assistaut Surgeon July 9, 1863. Resigned Dec. 
 26, 1863. 
 
 Commissary Sergerint John Travis, e. Sept. 17, 1861. 
 Killed at Fort Donelson Feb. 15, 1862. 
 
 Commissary Sergeant H. M. Thomas, e. April 21,1862. 
 Drowned Sept. 29, 1863. 
 
 Commissary Sergeant Geo. A. Sealey, e. Sept. 17, 1861. 
 
 Mustered out July 12, 1865. 
 Hospital Steward Wm. M. Lyman, e. Jan. 5, 1864. 
 
 Mustered out July 12, 1865. 
 Principal Musician P. W. Copeland, e. Sept. 17, 1861. 
 
 Promoted Prin. Musician Jan. 3, 1864. Mustered 
 
 out July 12, 1865. 
 
 Company B. 
 
 Creesler Alfred, e. Sept. 6, 1861, re-enlisted as vet., 
 
 prmt. Principal Mu^cian. 
 Davis W. F. e. Mch. 31, 1864. m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Thomas H. W. e. April 21, 1S62, drowned Sept. 29, '63. 
 
 Company C. 
 
 Corpl. Jas. W. Gear, e. Sept. 2, 1861, disd. July 14, 
 1862, wds. 
 
 Beldin Wm. W. e. Sept. 2, i86i, died at Savannah, 
 
 Tenn., May 4^ 1862. 
 Casey John, e. Oct. 2, 1861, kid. at Shiloh Apr. 7, '62. 
 Webber V. e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o, July 12, 1865. 
 Callaghan Peter, e. Oct. 8, 1864, m. o. July 12, i86<;. 
 Ostrander Jerome, e. Feb. 15, 1864, m.o. July 12, 1865. 
 
 Company D. 
 
 Flannigan Francis, e. Sept. 21, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Dec. IQ, 1863, m.o. July 12, 1865. 
 Callahan Peter, e Oct. 8, 1864. 
 Haveland Chas. H. Sept. 21, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Taylor O. e. Oct. 7, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 
 Company F, 
 
 Captain Alfred Johnson, com. Dec. 29, 1861. Died 
 April 7, 1862. 
 
 Captain Jos. R. Baxter, e. as Corpl. Sept. 21, 1861. 
 Re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 5, 1864. Promoted First 
 Sergeant, then First Lieutenant Dec. 28, 1864. Pro- 
 moted Captain July 9, 1865. Mustered out (as 
 First Lieutenant) July 12, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Jos. Ludley, e. as Corpl. Nov. 22, 
 i86i. Re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 5, 1864. Com. First 
 Lieutenant July 9, 1865. Mustered out (Sergeant) 
 •July 12, 1865. 
 
 Sergt. Thos. P. Clogston, e. Sept. 30, 1861, disd. at 
 Chicago, wds. 
 
 Corpl. L. F. C. Breezier, e. Oct. 17, iS6i, kid. at 
 Vicksburg, June 95, 1865. 
 
 Corpl. Emil A. Stahn, e. Oct. 21, 1861, re-enlisted as 
 vet. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 Musician Orrin Pettengill, e. Nov. 20, 1861, deserted 
 March 16, 1862. 
 
 Allen Daniel M. e. Oct. 9, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 
 
 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Bassett L. S. i). e. Sept. 30. 1861, died March 15, 1862. 
 Baxter Richard, e. Sept. 24, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Beals H. G. e. Nov. 23, 1861, deserted Dec. 27, 1864, 
 
 second desertion. 
 Collas Chas. e. Dec. 2, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 5, 
 
 1864, died May 9, 1864. 
 Durno Wm. e. Nov. 22, 1861, died at Savannah, Tenn., 
 
 wounds. 
 Eckart John, e. Dec. q, 1861, died March 16, 1862. 
 Finning Theo. e. Oct. 18, '61, disd. Feb. i, '63, disab. 
 Henning Albert, e. Oct. 4, 1861, dropped from rolls, 
 
 Aug. 18, 1862. 
 Hildebrand Theo e. Oct. 12, 1861. re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, died June 18, 1864. 
 Holtz H. e. Oct. 7, 61, dropped from rolls Aug. 18, '62. 
 Hall Geo. e. Oct. 31, i86t, te-enlisted as vet. Dec. 19, 
 
 1863, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Kane Thos. e. Sept. 25, 1861, dishonorably disd. May 
 
 16, 1862. 
 Lord L. r. e. Dec. 16, '61, m. o. Dec. 29, '64, term ex. 
 Lindar Edgar T. e. Oct. 17, 1861, dropped from rolls 
 
 Aug. 18, 1862. 
 Losk Otto, e. Dec. 2, '61, wounded at Shiloh, disd. 
 Lutz Jos. e. March 30, 1864, died April 12, 1865 in the 
 
 field. 
 Minning Wm. e. Oct. 7, 1861. 
 
 Monies \lbert, e. Dec. 2, '61, wounded at Shiloh, di=d. 
 Packard Chas. E. e. Oct. 30, i86i, died at St. Louis, 
 
 May 14, 1862. 
 
WINWEBAGO COtTNTY "WAR KECOKD. 
 
 323 
 
 Primer John M. e. Nov. 14, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Dec. i8, 1863, disd. June 19, 1865. 
 Rutzier Henry, e. Oct. 7, 1861, re-enlisled as vet. Dec. 
 
 30, i8$3, m. o. July 12, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Robbins Samuel M. e. Nov. 20, 1861, kid. at Shiloh 
 
 April 6, 1862. 
 Rolfe John, e. Sept. 27, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 5, 
 
 1S64, died Oct. 26, 1864. 
 Rowles H. D. e. Nov. 18, i86i, disd. May 16, 1862. 
 Rian Chas. e. Nov. 16, '61, disd. July 24, 1862. disab. 
 Shoemaker H.W. e. Oct. 21, '61, disd. Oct. 14, '62, disab. 
 Simmons T. J. e. Oct. ig, 1861. 
 Stahn E. A. vet. , e. Jan. 5, 1S64, m. o. July 12, 1865, 
 
 as Sergeant. 
 Torry Thos. J. e. Oct. 3, 1861, disd. July 7, 1862, wds. 
 Walker A. F. e. Oct. 12, 1861, died at Mound City, 
 
 March 8, 1862. 
 Ward Lyman vet., e. Jan. s, 1864. m. o. July 12, '65. 
 Weichbroeld A. e. Oct. 20, 1861 . 
 
 Company G. 
 
 Captain Syna M. Budlong, e. as First Sergeant Sept. 
 17, 1861. Com. Second Lieutenant Dec. i, 1861. 
 Promoted First Lieutenant June 1,1862. Promoted 
 Captain June 28, 1863. Detached. 
 
 First Lieutenant Dennis W. Griffin, com. Second Lieu- 
 tenant Co. K, Sept. 7, 1861. Promoted First Lieu- 
 tenant Nov. I, 1S61. Resigned June 1, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant Leander Bander, e. as Sergeant Sept. 
 17, 1S61. Promoted Sergeant, then Second Lieu- 
 tenant June 28, 1S63. Promoted First Lieutenant 
 Jan. 21, 1863. Mustered out July 12, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Geo. A. Sealey, e. as private Sept. 
 
 17, 1861. Promoted Commissary Sergeant. Pro- 
 moted Second Lieutenant July 9, 1865. Mustered 
 out (as Com. Sergt.) July 12. 1865. 
 
 Sergt. Freeman C. Brooks, e. Sept. 17, i86i,disd. Apl. 
 
 24, 1862. disab. 
 Sergt. A. H. Peates, e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Aug. 7, 
 
 1862, wds. 
 Sergt. John D. Blaisdell, e. Sept. 17, i86i, re-enlisted 
 
 as Vet. Jan. 5, 1864, disd. Sept. 26, 1864, disab. 
 Corpl. Berkett G. Jennings, e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. 
 
 Aug. I, 1862, wds. 
 Corpl. D. McNeilage, e. Sept. 17, i36i, kid. at Shiloh, 
 
 • April 7, 1862. 
 Corpl. H. L). Merrill, e. Sept. 17, 1861, m. o. Sept. 29, 
 
 1864, term ex. 
 Corpl. Bradley M. Flint, e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted 
 
 as Vet. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Corpl. Chas. W. Hogedon, e. Sept. 17, 1861, deserted 
 
 April II, 1862. 
 Corpl. D. ri. Kingsley, e. Sept. 17, i86i. 
 Corpl. A. Houghtaling, e. Sept. 17, '6i. disd. Jan. i9,'63. 
 Musician Wm. A. Moore, e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Sept. 
 
 18, 1863, disab. 
 
 Musician VVm. H. Tripp, e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted 
 as Vet. Dec. 19, 1863, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 
 Anderson W. H. e. Sept. 17, i85i, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Anderson A. P. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Dec. 19, 1863, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Adams C. e Nov. 6, 1861, disd. Mch. 18, 1863, disab. 
 Burch Nathan E. e. Sept, 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Dec. 19. 1863, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Benson Benj. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. Dec. 
 
 19, 1863, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 
 Burd A J. e. Sept. 17, 1861, trans, to Invalid Corps 
 
 Sept. 15, 1863. 
 Butterfield E. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Apl. 23, '62, disab. 
 BarrosChas. H. e. Sept. 17, 1861, rc-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Bixby Luther (j. e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. July 23, '62, disab. 
 Baker E. C. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd May 16, 1862. 
 Baker David, e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. Jan. 
 
 2, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Benham Wm. R. e. Sept. 17, '6i, disd. Aug. ii,'62,wds. 
 Bunt Adam A. e. Sept. 17, 1861, m. o. Nov. 9, .1864, 
 
 term ex. 
 Birkitt Smith, e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. Jan. 
 
 4, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Barnes Wm. E. e. Nov. 6, '61, disd. Nov. 10, '62, disab. 
 Copeland Jos. A. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Oct. 17, 1863, 
 
 to receive promotion as 2d Lieut, ist Tenn. Art. 
 Cline D. M. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. May 2, 1862, disab. 
 Campbell John, e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. July 25,'62, -wds. 
 
 Chandler D. C. e. Sept. 17, i86i, re enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Champ Frederick, e. S pt. 17, 1861, died Mch. 10, '62. 
 Chandler Isaac S. e. Sept. 17, 18611, disd. May 18, 1862. 
 Davis Albert S, e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Drake Thomas, e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. May 2, '62, disab. 
 Davis Wm. G. e. Sept. 17, i86i,disd. May 10, '62, disab. 
 Day Lucius S. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Aug. 14, '62, disab. 
 Flint Chas P. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. Jan. 
 
 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Follett Geo. L. e. Sept. 17, iS5i, trans, to Vet. Reserve 
 
 Corps, Oct. 29, 1863. 
 Goodlandar H. e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. Sept. 22, '62, disab. 
 Guiles Milo, e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. Jan. 
 
 Si 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Gile Thos. M. e. Nov. 6, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. Jan. 
 
 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Hard Giles C. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Sept. 29, 1864, 
 
 term ex. 
 Holmes Henry H. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Sept. 29, 1864, 
 
 term ex. 
 Henry Geo. e. Sept. 17, 1861, kid. at Shiloh Apl. 6,'62. 
 Himes Geo. L. e. Sept. 17, 1861, dishonorably disd. 
 
 June 7, 1862. 
 Hayes Wm. H. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Sept. 29, 1862, 
 
 term ex. 
 Hallenbeck S. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. in 1862. 
 Hallenbeck Geo. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Sept. 29, 1864, 
 
 term ex. 
 Johnson Norman F. e. Sept. 17, i86r, re-enlisted as 
 
 Vet. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Lyman D. J. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. Jan. 
 
 2, 1864, m. o. July 31, 1865. 
 LaGrange F. W. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 2, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Lament Thos. J. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. in 1862. 
 Lagrange Conrad, e. Sept. 17, i86i,kld. at Shiloh, April 
 
 7, 1862. 
 Marchant Lewis, e. Sept. 17, 1861, m. o. Sept. 29, 1864, 
 
 term ex. 
 McMillen R. L. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Martin Gustavus, e. Sept. 17, 1861, died at Vicksburg, 
 
 Miss., Sept. 28, 1863. 
 Mumby Edw. H. e. Nov. 6, 1861, disd. in 1862. 
 Newton Z. M. e. Nov. 6, 1861, died at St. Louis, April 
 
 19, 1862. 
 Price Chas. N. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Dec, i2,'62,disab. 
 Parker John W. e. Sept. 17, 1S61, re-enlisted as Vet.' 
 
 Jan. 4, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Purdon Geo. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. May 1, '62, disab. 
 Passon Wm. H. e. Sept. 17, 1861. re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 4, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Passon H. A. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. July 2, 1862, wds. 
 Parent E. F. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Dec. 26, 1863. 
 Phelps Silas M. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Rowley Daniel, e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. in 1862, sup- 
 posed died. 
 Rowley Edwin, e. Sept. 17, i86i, died at Chicago, Jan. 
 
 2, 1862. 
 Royce Geo. L. e. Sept. 17, i86i,disd. Jan. i2,'62,disab. 
 Ryan Wm. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Aug. i, 1862, disab. 
 Richardson R. e. Sept. 17, 1861, re- enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Stearns L. A. e. Sept. 17, i86i, re-enlisted as Vet. Dec. 
 
 19, 1863, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Sutton Edw. e. Sept. 17, 1861, died at St. Louis, April 
 
 .5, 1863. 
 Stringer A. e. Sept. 17, 1861, trans, to Invalid Corps, 
 
 Sept. IS, 1863. 
 Sovereign Davis A. e. Sept. 17, i86i, disd. Nov. 3, '62, 
 
 disab. 
 Travis John, e. Sept. 17, 1861, kid. at Ft. Ponelsnn, 
 
 Feb. 15, 1862. 
 Tripp Tompkins, e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. Aug. i, '62, disab. 
 Tufts Simeon, e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. April 23, '62, disab. 
 Vanston Samuel, e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. May i, '64, disab. 
 Watson Edward, e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. Feb. ii,'64.disab. 
 Watterson James, e. Sept. 17, 1861, kid. at Shiloh, 
 
 April 6, 1862. 
 Webster Hiram, e. Sept. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1S65. 
 Welch John, e. Sept. 19, 1861, di^d. Mch. 2i,'63, disab. 
 Wilmarth Jos. S. e. Sept..i7, '61, disd. Oct. 27, '62, disab. 
 Washburne I, e. Sept. 17, 1861, wounded by accidental 
 
 discharge of gun at battle of Ft. Donelson. 
 
324 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECORD. 
 
 Blaisdell Jno. D. e. Jan. 5, 1864, disd. Sept. 26, 1864, 
 
 Sergeant, disab. 
 Lyman Wm. M. e. Jan. 5, 1864. Promoted Hospital 
 
 Steward. 
 Fish Daniel W. e. Jan. 4, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Hays Jos. M. e. Jan. 3, 1862, m. o. Jan. 10, 1865. 
 Lyman Wm. H. e. Dec. 17, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet. 
 
 Jan. 5, 18*^4, promoted Hospital Stewa'-d. 
 Parker Geo. A. e. Feb. 23, i''*63, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Ryan Wm. e. Nov. 27, '63, Vet. recruit, m.o.July 12, '65. 
 Ryan John W. e. Jan. 25, 1864, m. o. July 12, 1865. 
 Squire J,is. W. e. Jan. 27, 1865, m. o. July 12, 1S65. 
 Squire Daniel, e. Feb. 24, 1864, m. o. June 12, 1865. 
 
 i>2cl Infantry. 
 
 The Fifty-Second Infantry Illinois Volunteers was 
 organized at Geneva, Kane county, Illinois, in Novem- 
 ber, 1861, by Colonel J. G. Wilson, and mustered into 
 United States' service November 19th, by Lieutenant 
 J. Christopher. 
 
 November 2Sth, moved with 945 men to St. Louis, 
 Mo., and went into quarters at Benton Barracks. Here 
 Col. Wilson resigned. December 8th, the reglmei.t, 
 Lieut. Col. J. S. Wilco.x commanding, moved to St. 
 Joseph, Mo. Jan. 16, 1862, moved to Cairo, -ina Pal- 
 mi ra, Quincy and Mississippi river. January 24th, 
 moved to Smithland. February 7th, T. W. Sweeny 
 was commissioned Colonel of the Fifty-second. Feb. 
 lo, 1862, embarked for Fort Donelson, and arrived 17th; 
 i8th, was sent with prisoners to Chicago. March 7th, 
 arrived at .St. Louis. March 13th, left tor Army of the 
 Tennessee, and 20th, disembarked at Pittsburg Land- 
 ing, and were assigned to Third Brigade, becond Di- 
 vision, Col. Sweeny commanding Brigade and Gen. 
 Smith the Division. 
 
 The regiment took a prominent part in the battle of 
 Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, losing 170 killed, woumJed 
 and missing — Major Stark commanding first day and 
 Captain Bowen on the second. The regiment was en- 
 gaged in the siege of Corinth, May, 1862. Pursued the 
 retreating enemy to Booneville, Miss., and returned to 
 Corinth, where the regiment remained uniil the battle 
 of Corinth, October 3d and 4th. Was heavily engaged 
 in this action. Col. Sweeny commanding the regiment — 
 the loss being 70 killed and wounded. Pursued the re- 
 treating enemy as far as Ruckerville, and returned 12th. 
 October 13th, moved to Hatchie river, and returned. 
 Dec. g, 1862, moved with an expedition to Alabama. 
 Met the enemy near Little Bear cieek, drove him 15 
 miles, and returned to Corinth, arriving 14th. Decem- 
 ber igth, under command of Lieut. Col. Wilcox, left 
 Corinth, with the expedition of G'-n. G. M. Dodge, to 
 intercept Forrest. Marched 100 miles, in four and one- 
 half days, and returned, weary and foot-sore. Jan. 2, 
 1863, moved to Tennessee river, to intercept Forrest, 
 as he had already crossed Crump's Landing. Expedi- 
 tion returned. January 26th, moved to Hamburg, 
 Tenn.; embarked on a little steamer, and on the next 
 day, disembarked and returned to Cor'nth. Feb. 25, 
 1863, moved. Major Bowen commanding rrgiment. Col. 
 Sweeny commanding expedition, to Jacinto, Miss. 
 Arrived 27th. Remained until March 4th, when it re- 
 turned to Corinth. 
 
 On the 15th of April, Lieut. Col. Wilcox command- 
 ing legiment, moved with an expedition ot four Brig- 
 ades of Infantry, one of Cavalry, and foiirteen pieces 
 of artillery, Brig. Gen. G. M. Dodge commanding, to 
 Northern Alabama. Marched to Burnsville on the 15th; 
 through luka on the i6th; crossed Bear creek on the 
 17th — Col. Cornyn's cavalry skirmishing with the 
 enemy. 
 
 April 20th, Col. Sweeny promoted to Brigadier Gen- 
 eral. 23d, the whole force advanced, driving the enemy. 
 That night lay in line of battle. 24th, moved forward 
 and entered iuscumbia, Ala. April 27th, moved to- 
 ward Courtland. Met the enemy at Town creek, and 
 skirmished till night. 23th, gained possession .if the 
 railroad bridge, effected a crossing, and drove the enemy 
 three miles, zgth, returned, arriving in Corinth. May 
 2, 1863. August i8th, moved to Germantown, and regi- 
 ment assigned to guarding railroad. October 29th, 
 moved to luka; 31st, bivouacked three and a half miles 
 east of luka. November 6th, the whole Left Wing of 
 the Sixteenth Corps moved eastward. Arrived at 
 Eastport and crossed the Tennessee. November nth, 
 arrived at Pulaski, Tenn. Remained, doing provost 
 duty. January gth, three-fourths of the regiment hav- 
 ing re-enlisted, it was mustered as a veteran organiza- 
 
 tion. Started for Illinois, and arrived at Chicago, 
 January 17th. Proceeded to Geneva, Kane county, 
 and was furloughed, 20th. February 24th, moved for 
 Pulaski, Tenn., under command of Lieut. Col. E. A. 
 Bowen, Col. Wilcox hiving resigned. Arrived at Pu- 
 laski, 29th. April 29th, in Col. E. W. Rice's Brigade 
 (First Brigade), Gen. Sweeny's Division (Second), Left 
 Wing, Maj. Gen. G. M. Dodge, Sixteenth Army Corps. 
 Moved southward, arriving at Chattanooga, May 2d. 
 May 3d, 1864, commenced the Atlanta campaign. The 
 regiment participated in the battles of Snake Creek 
 Gap, Resaca Lay's Ferry, Rome Cross Roads, Dallas, 
 Kenesaw Mountain, Nickajack Creek, Decatur, July 
 22d and 28th, before Atlanta and Jonesboro, and, went 
 into camp at East Point. September 26th, 1864, the 
 Second Division, Left Wing, Sixteenth Army Corps, 
 was transferred to Fourth Division, Fifteenth Army 
 Corps, moved to Rome, and, by rail, to Cartersville ; 
 and from thence marched to Ailatoona. Arriving too 
 late for the battle, it returned to Rome. October nth, 
 Lieut. Col. Bowen being mustered out. Major Boyd 
 took command. 
 
 The regiment marched with the Division, Brevet 
 Major General J. M. Corse commanding, to Savannah, 
 Ga. December iSth, the non-veteran officers were 
 mustered out, and J. D. Davis, having received a com- 
 mission as Lieutenant Colonel, took command of the 
 regiment. December 21st, marched into Savannah. 
 Jan. 2g, 1865, started on the Carolinas campaign. Was 
 present at the battle of Bentonville, and arrived at 
 Goldsboro, March 24th. April loth. marched to 
 Raleigh. Lay at Morrisville during Johnson's surren- 
 der. Marched, via Richmond and Alexandria, and 
 was in the grand review at Washington, May 24, 1865. 
 June 2d, moved to Louisville, Ky. July 5th, mustered 
 out of United States' service. Moved to Camp Doug- 
 las, Chicago, 111., and received final payment and dis- 
 charge, July 12, 1865. 
 
 Major Wesley Boyd, com. Captain Co. E Nov. 23, 1861. 
 
 Promoted Major March 11, 1863. Term expired 
 
 Dec. 18,1864. 
 Adjutant Edward Brainard, com. First Lieutenant Co. 
 
 E Nov. 23, 1861. Promoted Adjutant Sept. 13, 
 
 1862. Killed in battle of Hatchie, Oct. 3, 1862. 
 
 Company E. 
 
 Captain DeWitt C. Hurd, e. as Sergeant, Oct. i, 1861. 
 Promoted Second Lieutenant June 7, 1862. Pro- 
 moted First Lieutenant Sept. 13, 1862. Promoted 
 Captain March 11, 1863. Term expired Dec. 18, '64, 
 
 Captain Alex. H. Hartwell, e. as Sergeant Oct. i, 1861. 
 Promoted Captain Nov. 23, 1863. Mustered out 
 July 6, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Edward B. Spalding, e. as Sergeant 
 Oct. I, 1861. Promoted Second Lieutenant Sept. 
 13, 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant March 11, 
 
 1863. Term expired Dec. 18, 1864. 
 
 First Lieutenant Chas. H. Watson, e. as private Oct. i, 
 1861. Re-enlisted as Vet. Dec. 29, 1863. Promoted 
 Sergeant then First Lieutenant Nov. 23, 1864. Mus- 
 tered out July 6, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Henry C. Barker, com. Nov. 23, 
 
 1861. Resigned June 7, 1862. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Harvey Smith, e. as First Sergeant, 
 Oct. I, 1S61. Re-enlisted as Vet. Dec. 2g, 1863. 
 Commissioned Second Lieutenant July Si 1865. 
 Mustered out as Sergeant July 6, 1865. 
 
 Corpl. Jas. E. Buchan, e. Oct. i. '61, m. o. Nov. 23, '64. 
 
 Billings Thos. C. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 
 Blakesley N. P. e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 
 
 4, 1864, died July 15, 1864. 
 Busbee Thos. e. Oct. i, x86i, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 
 
 2g, 1863, m. o. July 6, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Butler James, e, Oct. i, 1861, m. o. Nov. 23, 1864. 
 Babcock Elias R. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Beard John, e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Babcock Chas. e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 
 
 29, 1863, disd. Feb. 10, 1865. 
 Connor Jos. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Coyne John, e. Oct. i, 18J1, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 29, 
 
 1863, m o. JuU 6, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Chandler Wm. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Cameron Alex. e. Oct. i, 1S61, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 
 
 29, 1862, m. o. July 6, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Cole C. F. e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 29, 
 
 1862, m. o. July 15, 1865. 
 
WINNEBAGO COinSTTY WAR KEOOED. 
 
 325 
 
 Clark Ewd. e. Oct. i. 1861, m. o. Nov. 23, 1864. 
 
 Dobson Andrew, e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 
 Drake Ewd. P. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 
 Eddy James, e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 
 Goodin Geo. e. Oct. i, 1861.! 
 
 Gamble Peter, e. Oct. i, 1861, m. o. Nov. 23, 1864. 
 
 Higgins Wm. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 
 Harper Robert, e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 
 Johnson W. J. e. Oct. i, 1861, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 
 Judd Benj. e. Oct. t, i86i, re-enlisted as vet. Dsc. 29, 
 
 1863, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Johnson James, e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 
 
 29, 1863, m. o. July 6, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Johnson R. L. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Kutzer Morris, e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Koch Chas. P. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Leroy Chas. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Lawless Albert, e. Oct. i. 1861. 
 
 Lockwood Jacob, e. Oct. i, 1861, m. o. Nov. 23, 1864. 
 Morain Michael, e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Muldoon Patrick, c Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Dec. 29, 1863, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 McCallam Wm. e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 
 
 29, 1863, m. o. July 15, 1865. 
 Murray Chas. e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 
 
 29, 1863, died Jan. 8, 1864. 
 Madigan M. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Morey Edw. F. e. Oct. i, iS6i. 
 Ramsdell Winslow, e. Oct. i, I861. 
 Rich Luke, e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 29, 
 
 1863, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Rhoades F. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Sayers Henry, e. Oct. i, 1861, m. o. Jan. 6, 1865, to 
 
 date Nov. 23, 1864. 
 Simpson Chas. H. e. Oct. i, 1861, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Steel C. W. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Shott Jas. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Tucker Milton, e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Dec. 
 
 29, 1863, m. o. July 6, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Tiuman Alfred, e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Van Brocklin A. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Washburn C. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Washburn H. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Williams Wm. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 
 Barton Robt. e. Oct. i, 1864. 
 Frints Sam'l, e. Oct. i, 1864. 
 Guiote A. e. Oct. i, 1864. 
 
 Hoople John, e. Feb. i, 1865, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Hickox Geo. T. e. Feb. i, 1865, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Hooker N. P. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Montague H. e. Jan. 30, 1864, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 McNeil Wm. e. Sept. 27, 1864. 
 Manderville Chas. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Runyard Robt. e. Feb. i, 1864, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Rogers Thos. H. e. Jan. 22, 1864, m. o. July 6. 1865. 
 Sheffield F. B. e. Jan. 4, 1864, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Sheffield E. P. e. Sept. 26, 1864, m. o. June 22, 1865. 
 Sheffield W. P. e. Sept. 26, 1864, m. o. July 14, 1865. 
 -Tuthill Jacob, e. Jan. 29, 1864, m. o. July 6, 1865. 
 Zummer Wm. e. Feb. 22, 1864, died at Rockford, 111., 
 June 13, 1865. 
 
 55th Infantry, 
 
 The Fifty-fifth Infantry Illinois Volunteers was or- 
 ganized at Camp Douglas, Chicago, 111., and mustered 
 into the United States' service Oct. 31, 1861. Nov. 9th 
 left Camp Douglas for Alton, 111.; the loth, left for St. 
 Louis, by steamer; Jan. 12, 1862, ordered to Paducah, 
 Ky., by boat; March -th, embarked on steamer for 
 Tennessee River and moved down to Pittsburg Land- 
 ing, and was soon in camp, east of Shiloh Church — the 
 Fifty-fifth being on the left of the Union line. The 
 opening of the battW, Sunday morning, found the regi- 
 ment in position, with an effective force of 873 men. 
 Col. Stuart was wounded, and nine of the line officers, 
 three of whom died of wounds. 102 enlisted men were 
 killed and mortally wounded, and 161 wounded and 
 taken prisoners. The regiment was with the army in 
 advance on Corinth, and at Russell's house. May 17th, 
 lost in skirmish, 8 men, 2 killed and 6 wounded. En- 
 tered Corinth May 30th; thence westward, along Mem- 
 phis & Charleston Railroad. With Sherman's Divis- 
 ion, marched into Memphis, July 21st, and remained, 
 doing camp duty, until November 25th, when it 
 marched, with Sherman's Division, for ihe Tallahat- 
 chie River. Was marched back to Memphis, to de- 
 scend the Missibsippi River to Vicksburg. Embarked | 
 
 with che expedition, and si.K companies were engaged 
 in the battle of Chickasaw Bayou, December 29th, 
 losing I Captain killed and i wounded, i enlisted man 
 killed and 7 wounded. W;(s present and under fire at 
 battle of Arkansas Post, Jan. 10 and 11, 1863. Moved 
 from Arkansas Post to Young's Point, La. May 16, 
 1863, joined army in rear of Vicksburg, and on 17th, 
 was under fire at Champion Hills. Participated in-the 
 assaults of 19th and 22d of May, losing Lieut. Levi 
 Hill, of Company A, killed; Col. Mahnborg aiid 2 line 
 officers wounded, and 4 enlisted men killed and 
 33 wounded. During the siege, the regiment lost i 
 man killed and 3 wounded. Was present at the sur- 
 render, July 4th. July 5th, marched, with Sherman's 
 expedition, for Jackson, Miss. Participated in th** 
 siege, and lost i officer wounded, i enlisted m'ln killed 
 and I wounded. Embarked at Vicksburg for Memphis, 
 and moved out with the army, past Corinth, to luka. 
 On Oct. 30, 1863, marched from East Point, on the 
 Tennessee River, for Chattanooga. November 25th, 
 marched with Sherman to the relief of Knoxville, East 
 Tenn. Returned and encamped at Bridgeport during 
 the winter, and at Larkin's Landing in the spring, at 
 which place the regiment veteranized, and returned to 
 Illinois on furlough of thirty days. June 27, 1864, par- 
 ticipated in assault upon Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., led 
 by Capt. Augustine, who was killed on the field. Loss 
 of regiment was 2 officers killed and 3 wounded, 13 en- 
 listed men killed and 30 wounded. July 22, the regi- 
 ment was again engaged, with an effective force of 239 
 men, commanded by Capt. F. H. Shaw, and came out 
 of engagement with 180 men — i officer killed, 3 enlisted 
 men killed, 12 wounded and 17 taken prisoners. In 
 the siege of Atlanta, the regiment lost i officer and 6 
 enlisted men killed, and 18 wounded. Aug. 31, 1864, 
 in battle of Jonesboro, Ga., lost 23 men. In a short 
 campaign of but little over two months, the regiment 
 lost about one-half its number. Joined in pursuit of 
 Hood, through Northern Alabama, and returned to 
 Atlanta, Ga., where 162 non-veterans were discharged. 
 The regiment lost, near Bentonville, N. C i man 
 killed, I wounded and 6 taken prisoners. Marched 
 with army, via Richmond, to Washington. Partici- 
 pated in the grand review at Washington. Then 
 moved to Louisville, Ky. Remained in camp but a 
 few weeks, when moved, by steamer, to Little Rock, 
 Ark., where it remained until Aug. 14, 1865, when it 
 was mustered out of service. Left for Chicago, 111., 
 Aug. 19th, and arrived Aug. 22, 1865, where it received 
 final payment and discharge. During its term of ser- 
 vice the regiment marched 3,374 miles. 
 
 Quartermaster Thaddeus H. Capron, e. as private Co. 
 C Sept. 9, 1861. Promoted Quartermaster Ser- 
 geant. Promoted Second Lieutenant Co. C Sept. 
 4, 1862. Promoted Quartermaster Aug. i, 1863. 
 Promoted Assistant Quaitermaster June 20, 1865. 
 
 Company C. 
 
 Captain Rhenodyne A. Bird, com. Oct. 31, 1861. Re- 
 signed June 6, 1862. 
 
 Captain Robt. Oliver, e. as Corporal Sept. 9, 1861. 
 Promoted Sergeant; First Sergeant; First Lieuten- 
 ant Nov. 26, 1862. Promoted Captain Aug. 11, 
 1864. Mustered out Aug. 14, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Daniel Mcintosh, com. Oct. 31, 1861. 
 Mustered out Nov. 26, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant Luther J. Keyes, e. as Corporal Sept. 
 9,1861. Re-enlisted as vet. March 31, 1864. Pro- 
 moted First Sergeant; then First Lieutenant, Aug. 
 II, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 14, 1865. 
 
 First Sergeant Ambrose C. Partch, e. Sept. 9, 1861, 
 disd. Aug. 25, 1862, wounds. 
 
 Sergt. Theo. W. Hedges, e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 
 Sergt. John Shields, e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 
 Sergt. A. H. Bowen, e.Sept.9,'6i,disd.Jan.28,'63,disab. 
 
 Corpl. Orville H. Partch, e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. H. Speaker, e. Sept. 9, 1861, died at St. 
 Louis. Jan. 11, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. John Q. A. Curtis, e. Sept. 9, 1861, re-enlisted 
 as vet. Jan. i, 1864, killed July 28, 1864. 
 
 Corpl. Daniel Shields, e. Sept. 9, 1861, disd. Feb. 10, 
 1863, disab. 
 
 Corpl. C. N. Bowen, e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 
 Corpl. H. T. Hickok, e. Sept. 9, 1861, re-enlisted as 
 vet. March 31, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865. 
 
 Musician H. T. Porter, e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 
 Musician H. A. Hurlbut, e. Sept. 9, '61, prmt. Comsy. 
 Sergt. 
 
326 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR EECOEt). 
 
 Austin Jos. e. Sept. 9, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. March 
 
 31, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Anthony E. e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 Bailey A. W. e. Sept. :o, 1861. 
 Broolss O. S. e. Sept. 9, 1861, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Barton Gen. D. e. Oct. 16, 1861, deserted Jan. 21, '62. 
 Corcoran Edw. e. Sept. 9, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 ■ March 31, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865. as Sergt. 
 Chase I. G. W. e. Sept. 9, 1861, disd. Sept. 14, '62. 
 Crowder John E. e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 
 Cleveland R. L. e. Sept. 9, '61, m. o. Oct. 31, '64, Corpl. 
 Crowell Geo. W. e. Sept. 9,1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 March 31, 1864, killed June 27, 1864. 
 Crowell B. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Conner M. e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 2, 
 
 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Clapp W. e. Oct. 30, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. March 31, 
 
 1864, disd. June 30, 1865. 
 Doolutle A. P. e. Oct. 23, i86i. 
 Eggeit Aug. e. Sept. 12, 1861. 
 Eggert Martin, e. Sept. 12, 1861. 
 
 Frazier Jas. W. e. Sept. g, '61, Corpl., died Mar.5, '63. 
 Frazier John, e. Oct. 1 1, 1861, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Goodwin Jas. D. e. Oct. 17, 1861. 
 Goakey Aug. e. Sept. g, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Mar. 
 
 31, 1865, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865. 
 Canning Myron, e. Sept. g, 1861. 
 Goodwin E P. e. Sept. g, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 March 31, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Garner Jas. e. Oct. 2, 1861, m. o, Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Gaylord Wm. E. H. e. Oct. 8,' i, disd. Jan. 28,'63,disab. 
 Helgerson Nels, e. Sept. 9, i86i, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Halvurson Ola, e. Sept. 9, '61. died at St. Louis, Feb. 3, 63. 
 Helgeson Oil, e. Sept. 9, i86i. 
 
 Hanian Robt. A. e. Sept. 9, 1861, killed May 19, 1863. 
 Harris Edw. e. Sept. 9, 1861, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Johnson Oscar, e. Sept. g, i86i, killed July 28, 1864. 
 Joslin H. H. e. Oct. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 
 
 1864, disd. June 30, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Johnson Calvin, e. June 23, 1861. 
 Johnson Chas. E. e. Sept. g, i86i. 
 Kittleson C. e. Sept. 9, '61, died at Durand, 111., May 
 
 22, 1864. 
 Knapp N. H. e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 
 Knudson Ola, e. Sept. 9, i85i, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Mahan M. e. Sept, g. i86i, re-enlisted as vet. 
 MeGraw Thos. e. Oct. 2, 1861, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Part O. K. e. Aug. 27, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. March 
 
 31, 1864, died Sept. 26, 1864. 
 Patterson J. A. e. Oct. 23, 1861. 
 Putnam Geo. e. Oct. 16, 1861, died Feb. 11, 1864. 
 Riley R. J. e. Sept. g, 1861, m.o. Oct. 31, '64, as Sergt. 
 Russell Geo. W. e. Sept. g, '61, m.o. Oct. 31, 64, Corpl. 
 Roland John, e. Oct. 2, 1861, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Reese N. e. (.)ct. 8, 1861, deserted Nov. 7, 1861. 
 Reese J. E. e. Oct. 8, 1861, deserted Nov. 7, 1861. 
 Robb P. C. e. Oct. 23, 1861. 
 Riley VV. A. V. e. Oct. 17, 1861. 
 Reget Henry, e. Sept. 30, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Mar. 
 
 31, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865. 
 Raup Chas. e. Oct. 6, 1861. 
 Raup Geo. A. e. Oct. i, 1861. 
 Snook Wm. e. Oct. 9, 1861, ra. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Simcox Jacob, e. Oct. g, 1861. 
 Strawn A. e. Oct. 25, 1861. 
 Sullivan D. e. Oct. 8, 1861. 
 Turney Chas. G. e; Oct. 8, 1861, disd. Jan. 28, 1863, as 
 
 Sergt., disab 
 Woodriug H. e. Sept. 9, 1861, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Wilcox R. R. e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 Winchester C. A.e. Sept. 9, 1861. 
 Wright Geo. e. Sept. 9, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. March 
 
 31, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Wright Jas. M. e. Sept. g, 1861, m. o. Oct. 31, 1864. 
 Wright Asa S. e. Sept, 9, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 
 
 3, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Westbrook R. W. e. Sept. 25, 1861. 
 
 Bodine Geo.W.e. Jan. 5,'64, died in Tenn., Feb. I4,'64. 
 
 Bishop Isaac, m. o. May 16, 1865. 
 
 Curtis H. C. e. Dec. 14, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. March 
 
 31, 1865, kid. June 27, 1864. 
 Elliott Geo. W. e. Dec. 14, 1861, m. o, Dec. 31, 1864. 
 Flint Jas. P. e. Dec. 6, 1861. 
 
 Gookey Thos. e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. Aug. 14. 1865. 
 Pitts Phillijl, Q. Nov. i, 1861, died Feb. 14, 1863. 
 Riley Jas. W. e. Dec. i, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Jan. 3, 
 
 1864, m. o. Aug. 14, 1865, as Corpl. 
 
 Company E. 
 
 First Lieutenant Josiah E. Keyes, e. as Sergeant Co. 
 C, Sept. g, 1861. Promoted First Lieutenant March 
 13, 1862. Mustered out Nov. 26, 1862. 
 
 67th Tnfautry (3 mos). 
 Company A. 
 
 Captain Chas, B. Hull, com. June 13, 1862. Mustered 
 out Oct. 6, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant King H. Millikin, com. June 13, 1862. 
 Mustered out Sept., 1862. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Judsoii Ellison, com. June 13, 1862. 
 Mustered out Sept., 1862. 
 
 Sergt. Jas. H. Reynolds, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Sergt. Jno. D. Williamson, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Geo. Burns, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. H. Compton, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. L. F. Babcock,e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Frank Harvey, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. J. A. Phelps, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. F. Wheeler, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. W. B. Cushman, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Jos. Panell,e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Musician Calvin Marsh, e. June 2, 1862, prmt. Princi- 
 pal Musician. 
 
 Musician Jesse Clark, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Avary H. J. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Bruce Wm. e. June 2. 1862. 
 
 Burnham Oliver G. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Boden James, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Beerer E. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Bennett Eugene, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Burnes Lewis, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Bronson A. V. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Colburn F. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Cram Buel B. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Dane Dexter, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Dufoe Geo. E. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Fanning John, e. June 2, 1862, deserted. 
 
 Ferguson J. A. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Fry Chas E. e. June 17, 1862. 
 
 Goncolus lohn F. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Goodsell Geo. D. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Giett Albert, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Hansen L. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Holmes Geo. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Harvey P. J. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Hope Chas. E. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Jones Benj. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Kesler Aaron, e. June 17, 1862. 
 
 Kessler Thos. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 King Oscar, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Kums Frank, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Mulford Edw. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Mesler Wm. C. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 McKay Wm. H. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Miller O. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Miller Benj. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Newton C> llins, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Pritchard M. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Rittenhouse Amos, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Robinson F. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Rosecrans Miles, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Roberts C. N. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Rutledge Jos. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Smith P. D. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Steers Solon, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Squires Wilson, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Shumway Roland, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Stiles Richard, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Trogwood Oscar, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Trogwood R. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Wood Chas. B. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Ward Vernon, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Wood Henry, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Company C. 
 
 Captain Hiram R. Enoch, commissioned June 13, 1862. 
 
 Mustered out Sept., 1862. 
 First Lieutenant Jas. B. Keer, commissioned June 23, 
 
 1862. Mustered out Sept., 1862. 
 First Sergt. Chas. W. Steele, e. June 2, 1862, absent 
 
 without leave since Sept. i, i86a, reduced to ranks. 
 
 I 
 
J^^^ /^.^^'c3^Xf_ 
 
 
 DURAIMD TP 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR BECOED. 
 
 329 
 
 Sergt. H. M. Bates, e. June 2, 1862, promoted 2d Lieut. 
 Sergt. Jos. G. Tyiord, e. June 2, 1862, sick at m. o. of 
 
 regt. 
 Sergt. "H. J. Beales, e. June 2, 1862, reduced to ranks. 
 Sergt. John Abraham, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Corpl. Jos. Slade, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Corpl. Root. Hunt, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Corpl. Geo. L. Stearns, e. June 2, 1862, on furlough at 
 
 m. 1'. of regt. 
 Corpl. Chas. W. Vaughn, e. June 2, 1862, reduced to 
 
 ranks. 
 Corpl. M. I. AUworth, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Corpl. L. H . Stoais, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Corpl. Geo. F. Steele, e. June 2, 1862, reduced to ranks. 
 Musician F. I. Richcrt, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Musician E. Washburne, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Wagoner Jos. Blackburn, e. june 2, 1862. 
 
 Allen Titus W. e. June 2, 1862, deserted Sept. 14, 
 
 1862 — second desertion. 
 Bates Geo. E. e. June 2, 1862, promoted Corpl. 
 Beales Samuel, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Bridgeman H. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Bryan Wm. H, e. June 2, 1862. 
 B.air A. I. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Corwin O. H. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Collins A. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Crawford L. L. e. June 2, 1S62. died Sept, 4, 1S62. 
 Collins Geo. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Cook Peter, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Davis O. L. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Ebersole John, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Eaton Chas. H. e. June 2, 1862, absent without leave. 
 Faukner John, e. June 2, 1S62. 
 Fitzsimmons Chas. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Foltz Harwood, e. June 2, 1862. 
 Goodhue W. S. e. June 2, 1862, promoted Corpl., then 
 
 First Sergt. 
 Guthrie Horace H. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Houseworth Jas. J. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Hicks Chas. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Hatch A. A. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Hunt Wm. J. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Halsted S. L. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Halsted Jno. F. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Howell D. H. e. June 2, 1S62. 
 
 HicUox C. B. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Hagar J . W. e. J une 2, 1862. 
 Jacobs O. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Kerr Wm. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Lamont H. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Moore E. B. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Martin H. D. e. June 2, 1862. 
 Martin A. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Marshall \. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Matthews Wm. H. e. June 2, '62, disd. July 2,'62,disab. 
 
 McAffee Edwin, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Miller Wm. H. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Mcintosh Henry, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Pate Merwin, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Perley Benj. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Perley F. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Ruth Samuel K. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Robertson T. e. June 2, 1862, 
 
 Shinn F. M. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Shinn Elias B. e. Ju/ie 2, 1862. 
 
 Spencer Jas. W. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Spencer Nathan, e. June 2, 1862, promoted Sergt. 
 
 Stimps Jas. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Sawyer Willis, e. June 2, 1862, on furlough at m. o. 
 
 Shufeldt A. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Swan A. G. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Stickney Geo. e. June 2, 1S62. 
 
 Smith H. e. June 2. 1862. 
 
 Thompson Geo. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Thompson Henry, e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Tuttle H. B. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Upright Chas. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Waller \V m. H. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Wells A. S. e. June 2, 1862. 
 
 Wheeler M. e, June 2, 1862. 
 
 74th Infantry, 
 
 Organized at Rockford and mustered into U. S. ser- 
 vice Sept. 6, 1862. Companies G and I were from Ogle 
 and Stephenson Counties ; all the rest were from Win- 
 nebago County. Left Rockford Sept. 27th for Jefl'er- 
 
 18J^ 
 
 sonville, Ind. Arrived there'Oct. ist, and moved to 
 Louisville, Ky., immediately. Assigned to Army of 
 the Cumberland, First Brigade, Second Division, under 
 Gen. Buell. Moved from Louisville Oct. 7th. and was 
 in the battle of Chaplain Hills, Ky., Oct. I3ih ; from 
 there to Crab Orchard, Ky., pursuing Bragg, partici- 
 piting in many skirmishes. Returned from Lebanon, 
 Ky., Oct. 25th ; from there it went to Nashville, Tenn., 
 where a re-organizalion was effected, under Gen. Rose- 
 crans. Dec. 25th, received marching orders, with 
 three d.iys' rations. Participated in the battle of 
 Stone River, Dec. 30-31, 1862, and Jan. i, 1863, the 
 regiment losing 16 men killed and wounded. Went 
 into winter quarters at Camp Little, south of Mur- 
 freesboro, and vi'ere engaged in numerous raids in the 
 surrounding country. Moved from winter quarters July 
 iSth ; was in battle of Liberty Gap, Julv 2olh; one man 
 killed; was engaged at Tulahoma, Tenn.; from hereit 
 was ordeiedto Winchester, Tenn., where it encamped. 
 Moved, Aug. 20th, to Stevenson, Ala. Engaged at 
 Chickamauga, Sept.' i8th, 19th and 20th ; lost 3 men. 
 The regiment on the latter date was in charge of hos- 
 pital and supply trains, arriving in Chattanooga, Tenn., 
 55ept. 22. While here it had very short allowances un- 
 til Nov. 22d, when they participated in the fiyht of 
 Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, their colors beipg the first to 
 pass over the rebel lines, capturing a battery of four 
 pieces at Bragg's headquarters ; loss to regiment, 6 pri- 
 vates. Col. Jason Marsh wounded, Lieut. Col. Kerr 
 wounded in the arm. 
 
 Returned to Chattanooga on the 26th, and marched 
 to Knoxville, Tenn., to relieve Gen. Burnside, and 
 then went into winter quarters about Dec. 15. May 2, 
 1864, it joined the main army of the Cumberland at 
 Chattanooga, where it arrived on the 3d ; on the 5th 
 marched under orders and ivas in the battle of 
 Rocky Face, or Buzzard Roost, Ga.; was at Re- 
 saca, Ga., May 14th and 15th ; Calhoon, May 
 17th; Adairsville, Ga., May iSth ; Dallas, Ga., May 
 25th to June 5th ; Lost Mountain, Ga., June 16th ; 
 was in the battle at Kenesiw Mountrun, Ga., June 20th 
 and June 27th; lost 52 men, 6 commissioned officers, 
 Lieut. Col. J. B. Kerr being among the number. Battle 
 of Smyrna, Camp Ground, Ga., July 4ih, lost 16 men ; 
 was also at Peach Tree Creek, July 20th; Atlanta, July 
 22d, and was continually engaged until the battle of 
 Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. i, 1S64, and Lovejoy Station, 
 Sept. 2d ; then returned to Chattanooga, 1 enn., where 
 it was assigned to the army of the Tennessee. En- 
 gaged the enemy, Nov. 28th, at Columbia, Tenn.; 
 Spnne Hill, Nov. 2gth; Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30th ; 
 Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 15th and i6th, following Hood 
 to Huntsville, Ala., fighting him all the time until he 
 crossed the Little Tennessee; and then went into winter 
 quarters. March 26. 1865, it marched to Bulls Gap, 
 'i'enn., to intercept Lee, leaving there April 17th for 
 Nashville, Tenn., where the regiment was mustered 
 out June 20, 1S65. Returned to Rockford with 157 en- 
 listed men and 13 officers. Col. Jason Marsh was at the 
 head of the regiment until about January i, 1865, when 
 Lieut. Col. Thos. J. Bryan took command. 
 
 Colonel Jason Marsh, commissioned Sept. 4, 1862. Re- 
 signed Aug. 24, 1864. 
 
 Colonel Thomas J. Bryan, e. as Sergeant, Co. H, Aug. 
 6, 1862. Promoted Captain, Sept. 8, 1862. Pro- 
 moted Lieutenant Colonel, Aug. 3, 1864. Promoted 
 Colonel, May 10, 1865. Mustered out (as Lieut. 
 Col.) June 10, 1865. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Jas. B. Keer, commissioned Sept. 
 4, 1862. Died of wounds, at Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 
 3, 1864. 
 
 Major Thos. J. L. Remington, commissioned Captain 
 Co. A, Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted RLijor, March 2, 
 1863. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Adjutant Andrew M. Potter, e. as First Sergeant, Co. 
 K, July 30, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant, 
 March 25, 1863. Promoted First Lieutenant, Oct. 
 21,1863. Promoted Adjutant, Jan. 7, 1865. Mus- 
 tered out June 10, 186^. 
 
 Quartermaster Lewis Williams, commissioned Sept. 4, 
 1862. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 26, 1862. 
 
 Quartermaster Jno. H. Nye, commissioned Second 
 Lieutenant, Co. D, Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted First 
 Lieutenant, March 20, 1863. Promoted Quarter- 
 master, May 2, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 
 First Assistant Surgeon Henry Strong, commissioned 
 Sept. 28, 1862. Resigned March 24, 1863. Re- 
 entered the service as Surgeon 90th Regt. 
 
330 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECORD. 
 
 Chaplain Timothy B. Taylor, commissioned Captain, 
 
 Co. H, Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted Chaplain, Sept. 
 
 8, 1862. Resigned. 
 Sergt. Maj. Rudolphus W. Peake. prmt. First Lieut. 
 
 Co. K. 
 Sergt. Maj. William C:iin, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Q. M. Sergt. George E. Dunbar, m. o. June 10, 1865^ 
 Comsy. Sergt. Gardner S. Allen, re-tr.msferred to Co. 
 
 D, died Dec. 4, 1862. 
 Comsy. Sergt. David Kugg, m, o. June 10, 1865. 
 Hospital Steward Ambrose \\ oodruff, trans, to U. S. 
 
 Army. 
 Hospital Steward Geo. N. Dickerson, m. O.June lo, 65. 
 Prin. Musn. Asher Miller, m. o. March 27, 1863. 
 Prin. Musn. Shepard Norcross, m. o. March 26, 1863. 
 Prin. Musn. Charles \V. Gerham, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Captain Josiah W. Leffingwell, commissioned First 
 Lieutenant, Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted Captain, 
 March 2, 1863. Resigned Nov. 16, 1864. 
 
 Captain Sylvester Clement, e. as First Sergeant, Aug. 
 6, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant, March g, 
 1863. Promoted First Lieutenant, March 2, 1863. 
 Promoted Captain, Nov. 16, 1864. Mustered out 
 June 10, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Jas. S. Cowan, e. as private. Pro- 
 moted Second Lieutenant, March 2, 1863. Pro- 
 moted F'irst Lieutenant, Nov. 16, 1864. Mustered 
 out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Alfred Barker, commissioned Sept. 
 4, 1862. Resigned March 9, 1863. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Jno. Vance, e. as Sergeant, Aug. 5, 
 1862. Mustered out June 10. 1865. Compiissioned 
 Second Lieutenant, but not mustered. 
 
 Sergt. William S. Leffingwell, e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to 
 Invalid Corps, Nov. 21, 1863. 
 
 Sergt. Norman S. Robinson, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m.o. June 
 10, 1865, as private. 
 
 Corpl. James Hunter, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 Tenn., Dec. ■;, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Robert J. Coulter, e. Aug. 9, 1862, kid. at Ken- 
 esaw Mt.. June 27, 1864. 
 
 Corpl. Edward Dufoe, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 10, 
 iSe^;, as Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. John N. Smith, e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 
 1865, as private. 
 
 Corpl. Amasa Hutchins, e. Aug. 5, '62, m.o.May25, 65, 
 
 Corpl. John M. Edes, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Lebanon, 
 Ky., Nov. 14, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. William H. Hitchcock, e. Aug. 5, 1862, disd. 
 April 2, 1863, wds. 
 
 Musician Richard W. Smith, e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. 
 March 18, 1863, disab. 
 
 Musician James H. Potter, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 
 10, 1865. 
 
 Wagoner Robert Parker, Jr., e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. 
 March 18, 1863, disab. 
 
 Atkinson Brown C. e.Aug. o, '62, disd. Feb. i8,'63, disab. 
 Atkinson D. E. e. Aug. 6, "^62, disd. Feb. 25, '63, disab. 
 Atkinson Geo. P. e. Aug. 6, 1862, missing in action at 
 
 Kenesaw Mt.. Ga., June 27, 1864. 
 Anderson Augustus, e. Aug. 15, 1862, m.o. June 10, '65. 
 Allen Titus W. e. Aug. 15, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Baker Luke, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Murfreesboro, 
 
 Feb. 6, 1863. 
 Barker Reuben G. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, 
 
 as Corpl. , ^ , 
 
 Black Edward, e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 65,Corpl. 
 Benjamin David L. e. Aug. 15, 1862, died^ near Mur- 
 freesboro, Tenn., Feb. 10, '63, wds. rec'd in action. 
 Bird Pierson, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Gallatin, Tenn., 
 
 Jkn. II, 1863. 
 Binn Bruce B. e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to Invalid Corps, 
 
 March — , 1864. ^ . ... 
 
 Briggs Thomas, e. Aug. 12, 1862, died at Louisville, 
 
 Ky., April 5, 1863. 
 Cary J. W. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, Corpl. 
 Clay C. H. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Nov. 5, 1862, disab. 
 Clay G. G. e. Aug. 6. 1862. m o. June 10, 1865. 
 Cherry John D. e. Aug. 12, 1862, died at St. Louis, 
 
 April 9, 1863. 
 Cook Henry, e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Dec. 30, 1862. 
 Catton George W. e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Nov. 13, 1862. ^ 
 
 Christman Henry, e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. o. June 10, 65. 
 Chubb Joseph W. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Dobson Daniel, e. Aug. 15, 1862, trans, to Invalid 
 
 Corps, Nov. 2o, 1863. 
 Dunbar George E. e. Aug. 14, 1862, piomt. Q.M. Sergt. 
 Ellis Adam, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died March 4, 1865, wds. 
 Ellis H. U, e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Oct. 22, 1863, disab. 
 Gile Ehas B. e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Gallatin, Tenn., 
 
 Feb. 5, 1862. 
 Gillispey James M. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 10, 
 
 1865, as Corpl. 
 Griffith Thoma , e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Bowling 
 
 Green, Nov. — , 1862. 
 Goff John (j. e. Aug. 12, 1862, disd. Sept. 8, '63, disab. 
 Halsted Samuel B. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 Harris Win. C. e. Aug. 8, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Hastings Gustavus A. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, 
 
 1865, as Sergt. 
 Hatch D. R. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Dec. — , 1863. 
 Henry John Y. e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 17, 1862. 
 Holer Matthew, e. Aug. 9, 1862, trans, to V. R. C, 
 
 March 15, 1865. 
 Higby Edwin G. e Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 7, 1S62. 
 Hill Lorenzo, e. -'^ug. 15, 1862, disd. Nov. 5, 1862. 
 Jenkins John, e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. May 25, 1865. 
 Jordan Robert, e. Aug. 8, 1862, disd. Feb. 2, '64, disab. 
 Kewi-h Wm. D. e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to U. S. En- 
 gineers, July 27, 1864. 
 King Gilbert, e. Aug. 6. 1862, m. o. lune 10, 1865. 
 Leffingwell Bird, e.Aug. 6, '62, disd. Mch. 23, '63, disab. 
 Martin Clarence, e. Aug. 12. 1862, died at Dallas, Ga., 
 
 May 27. 1864, wds. 
 Morgan Theron H. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 Morse Samuel N. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 wounded. 
 Morris E. G. e. Aug. 6, '62, disd. Mch. 7, '65, wds. 
 McCormick Hugh, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., July 11, 1863. 
 O'Rourke Matthew, e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 Parker William, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., July 10, 1863. 
 Parker Wm. R. e. Aug. 9, '62, disd. Mch. 9, "63, disab. 
 Parkhurst Edmund t'. e. Aug. 5, 1862, disd. May 6, 
 
 1863, wds. 
 Phagan Wm. I. e. Aug. g, 1862, deserted Sept. 28, '62. 
 Palmer Nathaniel P. e. Aug. 6, 1862, 'disd. Feb. 6, '63. 
 Rice Harvey, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Bowling Green, 
 
 Ky., Nov. 23, 1862. 
 Riddle Samuel M. e. Aug. 5. 1862, m. o. June 10,1865. 
 RofFe Aithur, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 10, '65. Corpl. 
 Rogers John, e. Aug. g, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Rummelhart John, e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 Ruir.elhart Joseph, e. Aug. 11. '62, m o. June 10, '65. 
 Streeter Charles A. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. July 22, '65, 
 
 was pris. 
 Sweet Sylvester, e. Aug. 15, 1862, trans, to Invalid 
 
 Corps, Sept. I, 1864. 
 Samuel .Smith, e. Aug. 6, 1862, in. o. June 10, 1865. 
 xScott Cyrus, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. Jnne 10, '65, wounded. 
 Taylor Henry P. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Ufford Andrew W. e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to U. S. En- 
 gineers, July 27, 1864. 
 Urquh.^rt James E. e. Aug. 4, 1862, disd. Feb. — . 1863. 
 Vanarsdale Samuel, e. Aug. 14, 1862, died at Lebanon, 
 
 Ky., Oct. 30, 1862. 
 Wattles William W. e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to Invalid 
 
 Corps, Aug. I, 1863. 
 Webster Isaac, e. Aug. 9. 1862, died at Big Shanty, 
 
 Ga., June 30, '64, of wounds received June 27, '64. 
 Woodle Allen, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Resaca, Ga., 
 
 May 14, 1864, wds. 
 
 Dell Geo. M. e. Feb. 22, 1865, trans, to 36th I. V. I. 
 
 June 7, 1865. 
 Hasicins Amos, e. Feb. 22, 1865, died at Huntsville, 
 
 Ala., March 27, 1865. 
 Marshall Alexander, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Urquhart Wm. H. died Dec. 31, 1862, wds. 
 Weaver Geo. W. disd. Dec. — , 1^62, disab. 
 
 Company B. 
 
 Captnin David O. Buttolph, commissioned Sept. 4, 1862. 
 
 Killed in battle, June 27, 1864. 
 Captain Augustus W. Thompson, commissioned First 
 
 Lieutenant, Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted Captain, 
 
 June 27, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 First Lieutenant Edwin Swift, commissioned Second 
 
 Lieutenant, Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted First Lieu- 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECORD. 
 
 331 
 
 tenant, June 27, 1864. Honorably discharged (as 
 
 S'^cond Lieut.) May 15, 1865. 
 First Sergt. James H. Buttort, wounded at Adairsville, 
 
 Ga., trans, to V. R. C.,disd. April 7, 1865. 
 Sergt. Wilson H. Moulton, died at Murfreesboro, May 
 
 4, 1863. 
 Serge. James P. Barker, m. o. June to, 1865. 
 Sergt. Ed.vard Thomson, trans, to TJ. S. Engineers, 
 
 in 1864. 
 Sergt. Edgar Swift, m. o. June 10 1865. 
 Corpl. George Rugg, e. Aug. 8, 1862, Sergt., kid. at 
 
 Kenesaw Mt., June 27, 1864. 
 Corpl. Alfred Williams, kid. Kenesaw Mt., June 27,'64. 
 Corpl. Benjamin C. Brown, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Dec. 12, 1S62. 
 Corpl. William E. Lowe, .Sergt., missing in action at 
 
 Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1S64. 
 Corpl. William Wallace, m. o. July 13, 1865, private. 
 Corpl. Frank Flynn, disd. 
 Corpl. Henry A. Stebbins, disd. March 17, 1863, as 
 
 private, disab. 
 Corpl. Frank Chapman, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Musician Mancinas C. Goucher, disd. Dec. 20, 1864. 
 Musician Thomas T. Boyen, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Dec. 22, 1862. 
 
 Anderson Wm. P. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, 
 
 was pris. 
 Anderson John Y., m. o. June 10. 1865, as Corpl. 
 Anderson Chas. e. Aug. 22, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Billick Luman, died at Winchester, Tenn., Auj. 9, '63. 
 Billick Alonzo, died at Nashville, Tenn., June 10, '63. 
 Billick Hiram, kid. at Kenesaw Mt.. June 27, 1864. 
 Brennan Richard H. disd. in 1863, disab. 
 Brown Isaiah, e. Aug. 21. 1862, m. o. June 10, 1S65. 
 Brennan Jos. S. died at Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 29, '63. 
 Brown Frederick, tr.ins. to Invalid Corps, May 9, '63. 
 Cole Alden R. disd. Feb. 6, 1863, disab. 
 Chapel Joshua L. e. Aug. 7, 1S62, m. o. May 31, 1865. 
 Carpenter Romeo, m. o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Corwin Ezra W. m. o. June 10, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Collins Erastus, m. o. June 10, 1S65. 
 CuUin Patrick, disd. Sept. 11, 1863. 
 Clark Is.iac B. e. Aug. 22, 1862, died at Chattanooga, 
 
 July 8. 1864. 
 Canady Joshua, m o. June 10, 1865. 
 Daniels Chas. disd. Dec. 27, 1862 disab. 
 Davenport Asa A. disd. Feb. 26, 1865. 
 Day Wni. G. trans, to U. S. Engineers in 1864. 
 Delp Fradlim, trans, to Invalid Corps in 1863. 
 Ewell Halb rt, disd. April 27, 1S63, disab. 
 Fryman Osca, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Gates Stephen, died at Chattanooga, Sept. 30, 1864. 
 Gustavison Calfridrick, m. o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Graham John, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Goucher Wm. M. disd. March 4, 1863, disab. 
 Gerricks John R. disd. Jan. 15, 1863, disab. 
 Hemphill Lewis L. died at Gallatin.Tenn., Mch.27,'63. 
 Hulse Jos. m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Hay Jas. B. died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. i, 1862. 
 Henderson Gilson, kid. at Kenesaw Mt., June 27, 1864, 
 Hess Erastus W. disd. Feb. 15, 1865. 
 Harrell John A. e. Aug. 22, '62, trans. Co. I, Sept. 17, '62. 
 Imholz Jos. e. Aug. 22, 1862, wounded at Adairsville, 
 
 Ga., trans, to V. R. C, disd. April 10, 1865. 
 Kilburn Ancil D. e. Aug. 7, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 19, 1862. 
 Kidder Benjamin F. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June io,'6s. 
 Kipp David G. m. o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Kenady Fretlerick, trans, to Invalid Corps in 1863. 
 Kelley Lewis M. trans, to Invalid Corps in 1864. 
 Kinney Jos. trans, to Co. I, Sept. 17, 1862. 
 King (",eo. L. m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Lock Horton, e. Aug. 9, 1862, died at Valley Head, 
 
 Ala., Sept. 5, 1863. 
 Leahy James, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 McGure James C. disd. Dec. 27, 1862, disab. 
 Murchant P ter, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 McGuire Daniel, died at Chattanooga, July 4, 1864. 
 Miller John B. died at Edgefield, Tenn., Nov. 22, '62. 
 Moon Cornelius, deserted Sept. 6, 1862. 
 Martin Hugh, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Manuel Geo. D. died at Murfreesboro, June 18, 1863. 
 Pettebone Edward D. m o. June 10, 1865. 
 Pierce Fred. H. died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 16, '62. 
 Powers Saml. E. disd, March 9, 1863, disab. 
 Rhinehart Hiram, kid. at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
 Rhinehart Jonas, m. o. June 8, 1865. 
 Rugg David, prmt. Commissary Sergeant. 
 
 Seaton Wm. L. disd. Aug. 22, 1863, disab. 
 
 Sperry Angus J. m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Smith Ora N. deserted Sept. 6, 1862. 
 
 Sargent Jas. A. m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Shaw Edward S. m. o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 
 Simmons Uriah, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Stevens Chas. M. died at .Murfreesboro.T., Jan. i2,'63. 
 
 Sumner Irvin S. disd. Jan. 6, 1865, disab. 
 
 Swift Rodolphus, kid. at Dallas, Ga., May 30, 1864. 
 
 Tryan Otha J. e. Aug. 21, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 
 Walters San 1. m. o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 
 Wells Chester A, disd. March 23, 1863, disab. 
 
 Wyatte Nicholas H. trans, to. U. S. E. in 1864. 
 
 Walters Jas. W. disd. May 24, 1865. 
 
 Worden Heman, disd. May 18. 1863, disab. 
 
 Woodruff Oliver H. dest-rted at Chicago, in 1863" 
 
 Welker Valentine, disd. Dec. 30, 1862, disab. 
 
 Wills Edwin, m. o. June ic, 1865. 
 
 Swift Samuel, e. Dec. 11, 1S63, trans, to 36lh I. V. I. 
 June 7, 1865. 
 
 Company C. 
 
 Captain Hampton P. Sloan, com. Sept. 4, 1S62. Re- 
 signed April 25, 1863. 
 
 Captain Christopher M. Brazee,com. First Lieutenant 
 Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted Captain April 25, 1863. 
 Resigned Dec. 1%, 1863. 
 
 Captain John F. Squier, com. Second Lieutenant Sept. 
 4,1862. Promoted hirst Lieutenant April 25, 1863. 
 Promoted Captain Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out 
 June 10, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant HosmerP. Holland, e. as First Ser- 
 geant, Aug. 8, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant 
 April 25, 1863. Promoted First Lieutenant Dec. 14, 
 1863. Resigned Nov. 17, 1864. 
 
 First Lieutenant Alex. H. Beatie, e. as Sergeant, Aug. 
 6, 1S62. Promoted First Sergeant then First Lieu- 
 tenant Nov. 17, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Robt. Simpson, e. as Corporal, Aug. 
 6, 1S62. Promoted First Sergeant. Mustered out 
 June 10, 1865. Commissioned Second Lieutenant, 
 but not mustered. 
 
 Sergt. Ezra J. Grippin, e. Aug. 6, '62, m.o. June io,'65. 
 
 Sergt. Bradlord A. Champlin, e. Aug. 7, 1862, kid. at 
 Kenesaw Mt., June 27. 1864. 
 
 Sergt. Chas. H. C. Dogwell, e, Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June 
 10. 1865. 
 
 Corpl. Francis H. Fairman.e.Aug.7,'62, disd. Feb, 19,63. 
 
 Corpl. Robt. Simpson, e. Aug. 6, '62, m.s. June 10, '65, 
 as ist Sergt., com. 2d Lieut, but not mustered. 
 
 Corpl. Cyrus Miller, e. Aug. 7. '62, disd. May 29, '65. 
 
 Ccrpl. Saml. W. Washburn, e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd, July 
 20, 1863, as private. 
 
 Corpl. David H. Saeia, e. July 30, 1S62, m. o. May 15, 
 i86i;, as private. 
 
 Corpl. John A. Holland, e. Aug. 11, '62, m.o. June io,'65. 
 
 Corpl. Thos. P. Treadwell, e.Aug. 7, '62, disd. Jan. 2,'63. 
 
 Corpl. Geo. R. Heigley, e. Aug. 7, 1862, reduced and 
 trans, to Miss. Marine Brigade, Feb. 6, 1863. 
 
 Musician Asher G. Miller,e.Aug.7,'62, m.o. June 10, '65. 
 
 Musician Chas. W. Gorham, e, Aug. 7, '62, pimt. Prin- 
 cipal Musician. 
 
 Wagoner Lyman Patten, e. Aug 8, '62, trar •!. to 17th I. 
 V. C, Sept. 12, 1862. 
 
 Allen Ephraim J. e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd. iJec. 7, 1862. 
 Allen John, e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. Dec. 28, 1862. 
 Allen Thos. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. June i, 1863. 
 Anderson Lewis P. e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to Invalid 
 
 Corps, Jan. 15. 1864. 
 Bayles David, e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Brown Humphrey A. e. Aug. 9, '62, trans, to 5th Wis. 
 
 Battery, Nov. 12, 1862. 
 Baker Elijah, e. Aug. 7, 1862. m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Carrington Chas. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Jan. 22, 1863. 
 Cordiner John, e. Aug. 7, 1862, kid. at Resaca, Ga., 
 
 May 14, 1864. 
 Davis Adam H. e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. March 28, 1863. 
 Davis Angus M. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Davie Hall. e.Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, as Sergt. 
 Delliiig Luther, e. Aug. 15, 1862, disd. Jan. i, 1863. 
 T)evelin Thos. e.Aug. 9, '62, trans, to U.S.E., July 27, '64. 
 Dobson Abram, H. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o, June 10, 1865. 
 Dobson Edward, e. Aug. 7, '62, kid. at Kenesaw Mt., 
 
 June 27, 1864. 
 Donkersley Jas. H. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June lo, '65. 
 Elliott Jno. e. Aug. 3,'62, died at Nashville, Jan.is,'63. 
 
332 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAK RECORD. 
 
 Elliott Jos. e. Aug. 3, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Farnham Earl, e. Aug. 5, '62, died at Nashville, Tenn.. 
 Dec. 9, 1862. 
 
 Ferguson Duncan H. e. Aug. 7. 1862, m.o June 10, '65. 
 
 Fillmore Cyr\is A. c. Aug. 9, 1862, disd. Feb. 7, 1865. 
 
 Gillman Jos. W. e. Aug. 6, 1S62, disd. Feb. 23, 1863. 
 
 Hudson Richmond L. e. July 28, '62, m.o. June 10, '65. 
 
 Hall Jarvis, e.Aug.ii,'62,trans. Inv. Corps, [unei8,'64. 
 
 Hall loshua, e. Aug, 7, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, as C'orpl. 
 
 Hallenbeck AlmariTi, e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 
 Hallenbeck John H. e. Aug. 9, '62, deserted from Ben- 
 ton Barr.icks. 
 
 Heigloy Merritt L. e. Aug. 9, '62, trans, to Inv. Corps^, 
 Sept. 30. 1863. 
 
 Heigley Noah D. e. Aug. 9, '62, disd. Nov. 20, '63, or- 
 der Col. Mundy. 
 
 Knapp John D. e. Aug. 6, '62, trans, to 5th Wis. Batt. 
 Nov. 12, 1862. 
 
 Kellogg Elijah, e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65. Sergt 
 
 Kellogg Washington H. e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o June 10, '65 
 
 Lawrence Newton F. e. Aug. 11. 1862, disd. Feb. 14, '63 
 
 Magoon Chas Aug. 9, '62, trans. Inv. Corps, June i8,'64, 
 
 Mandeiville Isaac, e. Aug. 6, 1862, ,m. o. June 10, 1865 
 
 Merchant David O. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m.o. June 10,1865 
 
 Marsh Wallace T. e. Aug. 6. '63, trans, to Inv. Corp^ 
 June 16, '63, m.o. Sept. 4, '65, as Sergt. Major V.R.C 
 
 McMaster T. Schuyler, e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to 5th 
 Wis. Batt., Nov. 16, 1862. 
 
 Miller Alba, e. Aug. 7 , 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Miller J. Henry, e. Aug. 11, i862,*disd. Feb. 27, 1865. 
 
 Miller Wm. e. Aug. 6, 1862, ni. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Mills Maurice 1'. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10. 1865. 
 
 Merchant Geo. W. e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to U. S. E., 
 Aug. 8, 1864. 
 
 Nelson Chas. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Oliver Jas. e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, as Corpl. 
 
 Phelps Wm. R.e.Aug. 6, '62, m.o. June io,'6s, Music'n. 
 
 Robertson Wm. . e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o, June 10. 1865. 
 
 Robison Wm. A. e. Aug. 12, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 Tenn., Jan. 11, 1863. 
 
 Rockwell Lucius D. e. Aug. 6, '62, disd. March 16, '63. 
 
 Russell De.\ter, e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 
 Rusterholtz Levi, e. Aug. 8, '862, m. o. May 18, 1865. 
 
 Salsbury Jas. L. e. Aug. 9, '62, died at Murfreesboro, 
 Tenn., March 14, 1863. 
 
 Sands John, e. Aug 6, '62, trans. V. R. C. Jan. 16, '65. 
 
 Sealv David K. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Feb. 28, 1865. 
 
 Sloan Quincy A. e. Aug. 14, 1862. m. o. June 10. 1865. 
 
 Scott Hiram, e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 186=;. 
 
 Smith John D. e. Aug. 4, 1862, disd. April 25, 1865. 
 
 Stevenson Lan'^ing R. e. Aug. i, '62. m. o. June 10, '65. 
 
 Stewart John W. e. Aug. 7, '62, Corpl., kid. at Spring 
 Hill,Tean., Nov. 29, 1864. 
 
 Thrall Chauncy T. e. Aug. 9, 1862, died at Gallatin, 
 Tenn., |an. 18, 1863. 
 
 Titus Addison, e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Feb. 26, 1863. 
 
 Treadwell Chas. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Two Samuel, e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Twogood Albert, e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Titus John, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Underbill Saml. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Warner Geo. W. e. Aug. 15, 1862, disd. Oct. 7, 1863. 
 
 Washburn John l". e. Aug. 8, 1862, disd. March 23, '63. 
 
 White Aaron J.e. Aug. 9, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 
 Woollery Henry W. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. Aug. 20, 1863. 
 
 Woollerv John, e, Aug. 5, 1862, trans, to Inv. Corps, 
 April 28, 1864. 
 
 Dobson Chas. disd. March 2, 1863. 
 
 Company D. 
 
 Captain Jonathan H. Douglass, com. Sept. 4, 1862. 
 
 Resigned March 20, 1863. 
 Captain Robert H. H.uch, com. First Lieutenant Sept. 
 
 4,1862. Promoted Captain March 20, 1863. Mus- 
 tered out June 10, 1865. 
 First Lieutenant John Beatson, e. as First Sergeant, 
 
 Aug. 7, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant March 
 
 20, 1863. Promoted First Lieutenant May 2, 1864. 
 
 Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 Sergt. Thos. W. Cole, e. July 20, 1862, wounded at 
 
 Resaca, Ga., m.o. June 10, 1865, as ist Sergt. 
 Sergt. Wm. C-McCaughey, e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. June 
 
 30, 1863, disab. 
 Sergt. Omri J. Cummings, e. July 28, '62, disd. Jan. i, 
 
 1863, disab. 
 Sergt. lohn G. Morgan, e. Aug.7, '62, m.o. June i,'65. 
 Corpl. Rily Van Patten, e. Aug. 18, '62, m. o. May 11, 
 
 1865, as Corpl. 
 
 Corpl. Jas. Crane, e. Aug.8,'62,m.o. June io,'65, Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. Henry Gilchrist, e. luly 27, 1862, died at Nash- 
 ville, Tenn., Feb. 13, 1863. 
 
 Corpl. Edgar G. Day, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Louis- 
 ville, Ky., Nov. 26. 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Otis G. Sanderson, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 
 10, 1865. 
 
 Corpl. Chas. E. Gcodspeed, e. July 24, 1862, m.o. June 
 10, 1865, as Musician. 
 
 Corpl. Henry W. Smith, e. Aug. 8, 1862, m.o. April 19, 
 1865, as Sergt. disab. 
 
 Corpl. Peter C. Campbell, e. Aug. 6, '62. m. o. June 10, 
 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 Musician Shepherd Norcross, e. July 26, 1862, prmt. 
 Drum Major. 
 
 Musician Chas. R. Jones, e. July 26, 1862, died at 
 Murfreesboro, April 17, 1863. 
 
 Allen Gardner S. e. July 18, 1862, prmt. Com. Sergt,, 
 
 died at Rockford, 111., Dec. 4, 1862. 
 Allen Sam'l, e. July 22, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Atwood Hiram, e. July 26, 1862, trans, to U. S. E. 
 
 July 27, 1864. 
 Beale Jos. e. Aug. 7, 1862, left sick at Louisville, Oct. 
 
 29, 1862. 
 Batsby Sam'l, e. July 23, 1862, died at Knoxville, 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 18, 1863. 
 Brainard Jared H. e. Aug. 9, '62, disd. Sept. 16, '63, disab. 
 Babcock Almon, e. Aug. 14, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Sergt. 
 Bliss Geo. W. e. Aug. 14, 1862, m.o. June 10, 1865. 
 Crowley Levi, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Dec. 21, 1862. 
 Corbin Amasa M. e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Feb. 17, 1863. 
 Cleveland Geo. C. e. Aug. 6, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Conant Naroy, e. Aug. 7. 1862, trans, to Inv. Corps, 
 
 Aug. 9, 1863. 
 Connor Jas. H. e. Aug. 8, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Sergt. 
 Cook Wm. e. Aug. 8, '62, disd. Feb. 7, '63, disab. 
 Castner David, e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Compton Sam'l C. e. Aug. 9, 1862, Corpl., kid. at Mis- 
 sion Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863. 
 Compton \\ ortman,e.Aug.9,'62, m.o.June 10, "65, Corpl. 
 Crane Richard H. e. Aug. 14, 1862, m.o. May 19, 1865. 
 Elliott Chas. H. e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to U. S. E. 
 
 July 27, 1864. 
 Ferguson Allen M. e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. May 24,'65,wds. 
 Fox Thaddeus, e. Aug. 8, '62, disd. Oct. 26, '63, disab. 
 Guilford Andrew J. e. July 18, 1862, m.o. May 20, '65. 
 Gilbert E^lw. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o May 12, i86s. 
 Geanonng Wm. W. e. July 25, 1S62, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 Giett Wm. e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, as Corpl. 
 Goldy Benj. D. e. Aug. 7, '62, disd. May 8, '63, disab. 
 Gustin John H. e. Aug. 8, 1862, died at Reseca, July 
 
 6, 1864, wounds. 
 Gilson Wm. e. Aug. 9, iS62,m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Gustin Gto. E. or S. e. Aug. 14. '62, disd. May 15, 1865. 
 Hines Elisha W. e July 28, 1862, m. o. June 10, i86s. 
 Hurdy Hiram, e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Herrick Oakly, e. Aug. 6, '62. disd. Feb. 9, '63, disab. 
 Harrod Wm. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. March 15, '63, disab. 
 Hall Wm. F. B. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o, June 30, 1865. 
 Hecox Lewis, e. Aug. 14, '62, m o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Hopkins Th s. e. Aug. 14, 1862, died at .Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 2, 1862. 
 Ingalls Harvy, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m.o. June 10, 1865. 
 Kervish John, e. Aug. 6,1862, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 hec. 28, 1862. 
 Kilburn Edmond B. e. Aug. 7, 1862, died at Murfrees- 
 boro, Feb. 24, 1863. 
 Leahy Jerry, e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to sth Wis. Bat., 
 
 Nov. 13, 1862. 
 Luce Jas. G. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Love Thompson W. e. Aug. 8, 1862, died Chattanooga 
 
 July 12, 1864, wds. 
 Lillie Francis B. e. Aug. 8,'62, disd. March i, '65, wds. 
 Maynard F.dw. C. e.Aug. 7, '62, disd. May 20, '63, disab. 
 Milliard Wm. R. e. Aug. 7, '62, disd. May 11, '63, disab. 
 Mather Horace F. e..'\ug. 12, '62, disd. Feb. 8, '63, disab. 
 Manning Sam'l H. e. Aug. 14, '62, absent sick m.o. regt. 
 Manning Isaac D. e. Aug. 14, '62, disd. May 7, '63, disab. 
 Pryse David, e. Aug g. 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Pettibone Amos, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Pett t Henry, e. Au?. 7, '62, disd. May 26, '63, disab. 
 Rowley Walter, e. July 26, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Ronbeck Azure C. e.Aug. 8, '62, disd. July 13, '63, oisab. 
 Rogers Wm. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Russell Hiram J. e. Aug. 8, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 29, 1862. 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECORD. 
 
 333 
 
 I 
 
 Ray Chauncy, e. Aug. 9, '62, m.o. June io,'65, as Corpl. 
 Roush John M. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 22, 1865. 
 Saunders Henry, e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Smith Gen. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Stilwell Hiram, e. Aug. 7, 1862, kid. at Kene.saw Mt., 
 
 June 27, 1864. 
 Steele Aimer C. e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Stone \Vm. A. e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to Inv. Corps, 
 
 Sept. 30, 1863. 
 Schermerhorn Geo. C. e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, 
 
 wounds. 
 Strowd Miles, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Seaton Wm. \V. e. Aug, 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Shores Franklin, e. Aug. 8, 1862, trans, to Inv. Corps. 
 
 Sept. I, 1S63. 
 Stevens Geo. e. Aug. 8, '62, disd. Dec. 23, '62, disab. 
 Stroh Gustavus, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. May 26, 1865. 
 .Talbot Henry T. e. Aug. 7, 1862, kid. at Mission Ridge 
 
 Nov. 25, 1863. 
 Thompson Otha, e. Aug. 14, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn.. Jan. 3, 1863. 
 VanAlstine Walter, e. Aug.6, '62, dis I.May 6,'63,disab. 
 Welch VVm. C. e. Aug. 6, 1862, kid. at Pleasant Hill, 
 
 Ga., May 17, 1864. 
 Welch Garner E. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m.o. June 10, 1865. 
 Wheat Chas. H. e. Aug. 7. '62, disd. June 13, '63, disab. 
 Wheat Geo. T. e. Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June 22, '65, wds. 
 Webb John H. e. Aug. 8, 1862. Corpl., died at Chatta- 
 nooga, Tenn , June 21;, 1864, wds. rec'd at Reseca. 
 Welsh Fred'k, e. Aug. 8. 1862, trans, to V. R. C, Jan. 
 
 15, 1865. 
 AVarfield Geo. W. e. Aug. 8, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Williams Wm. H. e. Aug. 7, '62, disd. Feb. 27, '63. disab. 
 Wemple Edwin H.e. Aug. 8, '62, absent sick at m.o. regt. 
 Woodruff Ambrose P. e. Aug. 14, 1862, prmt. Hospital 
 
 Steward. 
 Young Walter S. e. July 23, '6z, disd. June 17, '63, disab. 
 Young Andrew J. e. Aug. 8, '62, disti. July 29,'63, disab. 
 
 Bedell Lyman P. e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Crangle Henry J. e. March 15, 1865, Irans. to 36th I. 
 
 V. I. June 7, 1865. 
 Cunningham Jos. e. Feb 27, 1865, trans, to 36th I.V.I. 
 
 June 7, 1865. 
 Fellows Nicholas S. e. Sept. 29,'64, m.o. June 10, '65. 
 Goldy B.-nj. D. e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Gustin Whitman E. e. Dec. 25, 1863, died at Reseca, 
 
 June 4, 1864, wds. 
 Hardy Rufus, e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Hull Warren W. e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Hardy John D. e. Feb. i, 1865, trans, to 36th I. V. I. 
 
 June 7, 1865. 
 Man^on Jas. e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 McCaughey Thcs.M.e Dec. 28, '63, disd. May i8,'65,wds. 
 Morgan Josiah, e. Jan. 4, 1864, "trans, to 36th I. V. I. 
 
 June 7, 1865. 
 Stroud Martin, disd. Oct. 20, 1864, disab. 
 Steel Or inge J. e. Sept. 29, 1864, died at Chattanooga, 
 
 Nov. 5, 1864. 
 Sweezy Edw. e. Feb. i, 1865, trans, to 36th I. V. I. 
 
 June 7. 1865. 
 Stroud Sylvester, e. April 5, 1865, trans, to 36th I. V.I. 
 
 June 7, 1865. 
 Taylor lohn G. e. Sept. 30, 1864, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 W6st Horatio, e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. May 15, 1865. 
 Warner'Alex. B. e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Company E. 
 
 Captain Elias Casper, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Resigned 
 Dec. 4, 1863. 
 
 Captain Alpheus W. Hlakesley, e. as First Sergeant 
 Aug. 13, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant Sept. 
 4. 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant Dec. 20, 1862. 
 Promoted Captain Dec. 4, 186 ,. Mustered out 
 June 10, 1S65. 
 
 First Lieutenant Wm. Powell, com. Second Lieuten- 
 ant Sept. 4, 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant 
 Sept. 4, 1862. Resigned Dec. 20, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant Chas. A. Allen, e. as private. Pro- 
 moted Sergeant, then First Lieutenant, Dec. 4, 
 1863. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Wm. P. Sherman, e. as Sergeant 
 Aug. 7, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant Dec. 
 20, 1862. Resigned May 7, 1863. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Jas. C. Babbett, e. as Corporal 
 Aug. 13, 1862. Promoted First Sergeant, then 
 Second Lieutenant, May 7, 1863. Mustered out 
 Oct. 29, 1863. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Morgan J. Conradt. e. as private 
 Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out June 10, 1865, as First 
 Sergeant. Com. Second Lieutenant, but not 
 mustered. 
 
 Sergt. Wm. E. Lippitt, e. Aug. 13, 1862, reduced, de- 
 serted Nov. I, 1S63. 
 
 Sergt. Jas. McAffee, e. Aug. 13, 1862, disd. Jan. 7, '63, 
 disab. 
 
 Sergt. EbenezerP. C.Webster, e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. 
 Feb. 18, 1863, as private. 
 
 Corpl. Edw. H. Cook, e. Aug. 11, 1862, died at Nash- 
 ville, Tenn., March 16, 1863. 
 
 Corpl. Dwight B. Holdridge, e. Aug. 11, 1862, died at 
 Murfreesboro, Tenn., March 20, 1863. 
 
 Corpl. Jos. L. Grout, e. Aug. 13, 1862, prmt. Sergt., m. 
 o. June 10, 1865, as private. 
 
 Corpl. Lewis T. Sweezey, e Aug. 14, 1862, disd. Jan. 
 19, 1S63, disab. 
 
 Corpl. Jas. L. Sherman, e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. Dec. 29, 
 
 1862, disab. 
 
 Corpl. Bartley F. Butler, e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd. Feb. 9, 
 
 1863, disab. 
 
 Corpl. Norman Clothier, e. Aug. 9, 1862, private, pa- 
 roled prisoner, m. o. June g, 1865. 
 
 Musician Franklin M. Needham. e. Aug. 22, 1862, 
 trans to 92d I. V. I. Sept. 4, 1862. 
 
 Bat3s Levi,.e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. Feb. 22, 1863. 
 Brown Elbridge.e. Aug. 11, '62, disd Jan. 27, '63, disab. 
 Brown Francis C. e.Aug..i3,'62, disd. Jan. i5,'63, disab. 
 Blo>s Wm. R. e. Aug. 13, '62, disd. Feb. 18, '63, disab. 
 Brown Franklin, e. Aug. 7, 1S62, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Banks Horatio, e. Aug. g, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Banks Reuben, e. Aug. 8, 1862, trans, to Inv. Corps, 
 
 March 16, 1864. 
 Braner Augustus, e. Aug. 15. 1862, Coipl., transferred 
 
 to Inv. Corps, May 15, 1864. 
 Bacon Chas. e. Aug. 14, 1862, wounded May 14, 1864, 
 
 m. o. |une 3, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Crosby John, e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. Jan. 14, '63, disab. 
 Christian John, e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Craig William, e. Aug. 13, 1862, died at Chattanooga, 
 
 Dec. 10, 1863, wds. 
 Carev Lewis M. e. Aug. 12, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., April 13, 1865. 
 Creller Lafavette, e. Aug. 12, 1862, died at Atlanta, 
 
 Ga., Sept. 26, 1864. 
 Cline Davjd M. e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Collins Michael, e. Aug. 13, '62, disd. Jan. i5,'63, disab. 
 Carman Chauncy, e. Aug. 14. '62, disd. Dec. 4. '63, disab. 
 Corey Hiram F. e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to V. R. C, 
 
 Jan. 9, 1865. 
 Chandler John S. e. Ai g. i', 1862, wounded May 17, 
 
 1864, m o. June 10, 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 Davis John Henry, e. Aiig. 15, '62, disd. Oct. 13, '62, disab. 
 Dawson David, e. Aug. 15, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Dillingham Nathaniel, e. Aug. 14, '62, m.o. June 10,05. 
 Ewing Cyrus, e. Aug. 14, '62, disd. Mar. 5, '63, disab. 
 Franklin Elijah, e. Aug. 13, '62, disd. Feb. 21, '63, disab. 
 File William. N. e. Aug. 15, 1862, Corpl., died at Big 
 
 Sha ty, Ga., July 2, 1864, wds. 
 Grammon Sidney, e. Aug. 14, '62, disd. Feb. 14, '63, disab. 
 Goodier George, e. Aug. 15, '62, m. o. liAe i, 1865. 
 Harley John W. e. Aug. 12, '62, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Henry John W. e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Hollem Jones, e. Aug. 14, 1862, died at (_ hattanooga, 
 
 July 8, 1S64, wds. 
 Hilton Ellis, e. Aug. 14, 1862, trans, to Invalid Corps, 
 
 July 1,1863. 
 Hubbard W Imington J. e. Aug. 14, '62, disd. May 18, 
 
 1863, disab. 
 Holdridge Charles H. e. Aug. 7, 1862, died at Gallatin, 
 
 Tenn., Feb. 4, 1863. 
 Hapgood Howard, e. Aug. 15, '62, deserted Sept., '62. 
 Hartwell Peter A. e Aug. 15, 1862, trans, to Invalid 
 
 Corps, Sept. 1, 1863. 
 Hardy Frank S. e. Aug. 8, '62, disd. Mar. 19, '65, disab. 
 Inman William J. e. Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Jewell John, e. Aug. 13, '62, trans, to Invalid Corps, 
 
 Sept. I, 1863. 
 Jarvis Myron H. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 22, 1865. 
 Jarvis Harrison, e. Aug. 22, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Jan. 30, 1863. 
 Kellner Amos, e. Aug. 15, 1862, disd. Jan., 1863. disab. 
 Lovitt Benjamin G. e. Aug. 13, 1862, Sergt., died at 
 
 Marietta, Ga., July 5, 1S64, wds. 
 McEwen James, e. Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June io,'6s, Sergt. 
 Miles Hiram A. e. Aug. 14, 1862, wounded Dec. i5,'64, 
 
 m. o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 
334 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAK KECORD. 
 
 Moon Camillus, e. Aug. I4,'62, disd. Feb. 8, '6j, disab. 
 
 Murray \Villi.-im T. e. .-Vug.15,'62, m. O.June 10, 65,wds. 
 
 Multbrd Eli H. e. Aug. 15, 1S62, Corpl., died at Chat- 
 tanooga, Tenn., Dec. 10, :S63, wds. 
 
 Presoott Edward, e. .\ug.i2,'62, m.o. June io,'65, wds. 
 
 Peverill William, e. Aug. 14, '62, disd. Mar. is,'63, disab. 
 
 Parish Lawson L. e. Aug. 14 ,'62, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Perry Marion L. e. Aug. 14, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 Tenn., Feb. 15, 1863. 
 
 Rogers William, e. Aug. 14, 1S62, wounded May 14, 
 1S64, m. o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 
 Shaw James, e. Aug. 11, 1S62, trans, to ,Inv. Corps. 
 Sept. I, 1863. 
 
 Smith Julius -v. e. Aug. ii, 1862, Sergt., wounded 
 Nov. 25, 1863. 
 
 Schoonm.iker John. e. Aug.ii,'62,disd.Jan.7,'63. disab. 
 
 Stringer Lewis, e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. May iq, 1865- 
 
 Snider Daniel, e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, wds. 
 
 Smith James M. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Sheldon Daniel M. e. Aug. 15, '62. m.o. June io.'65, Corpl. 
 
 Tr.ivis David, e. Aug. 11, '62, disd. April 2o,'63, disab. 
 
 Turnbull Adam, e. Aug. 13, '62, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Tilbury George, e. Aug. 14, 1862, died at Big Shanty, 
 June 12, 1864, wds. 
 
 Woodworth Henry, e. Aug. 11, 1862, died at Nash- 
 ville, Tenn., Dec -4, 1S64. 
 
 Woodruff Levi E. e. Aug. i4,'62,disd.Dec.i8,'62,disab. 
 
 Weaver William, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 
 Wilson Philetus A. e. Aug. 9, 1862, trans, to 36th 1. V. 
 L, June 7, 1865. 
 
 Williams Nathaniel L. e. Aug. 13, '62, m.o. Ju e io,'65. 
 
 Webster Watson E. e. Aug. 14, '62, disd. Jan. 7. 1863. 
 
 Wheeler Sterling J. e. Aug. 8, 1862, trans, to Pioneer 
 Corps, Sept. 6, 1864. 
 
 Zimmerman James T. e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65. 
 
 Jewell Leland A. disd. Feb. 5, 1S63, disab. 
 Smith Cyrone, m. o. June 10, 1865, as Musician. 
 Vanderc6ok William, e. Feb. 27, 1865, trans, to 36th L 
 
 V. L, June 7, 1865. 
 Washburn Wm. H. H. disd. Oct. 13, 1862, disab. 
 
 Company F. 
 
 Captain Henry C. Barker, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Killed 
 
 in battle, June 27, 1864. 
 First Lieutenant Jerome E. Andrews, com. Sept. 4, 
 
 1862, Resigned Jan. 19, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant Ed.vin L. Simpson, e. as Sergeant 
 Aug. 5, 1S62. Promoted First Sergeant; then 
 First Lieutenant, June 27, 1864. Mustere.i out 
 June lo, 1S65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Jno. Hartwell, e. as private 
 Aug. 4, 1862. Mustered out June 10, i8£s, as First 
 Sergeant. Commissioned Second Lieutenant, but 
 not mustered. 
 
 Sergt. Henry Heagle. e. .A.ug. 8, 1862, died at Laverne, 
 "Tenn., Feb. 16. 1863, wds. 
 
 Sergt. Rudolphus W. Peake, e. Aug. 5, 1862, promoted 
 Sergeant Major. 
 
 Sergt. Charles Buipee, e. Aug. 5, 1862, disd. May 20, 
 
 1863, disab. . 
 Corpl. Robert B. Archibald, e. .^ug. 5, 1862, disd. July 
 
 I, '64, to accept promotion in U.S. Colored Troops. 
 Corpl. Sylvanus O. Troxell, e. Aug. i, 1862, Sergt., 
 
 killed at Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864. 
 Corpl. Floyd Smith, e. July 25, 1862, d.sd. Oct. 29, 
 
 1864, as Sergt., disab. 
 
 Corpl. Amasa Work, e. July 3o,'62,disd.as private,disab. 
 Corpl. Jacob N. Hoffman, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. 
 
 June 10, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Corpl. George W. Rise, e. Aug. 5, 1862, disd. Nov. 6, 
 
 1863, disab. 
 Corpl. George W. Blakely, e. Aug. 14, 1862, disd. Apr. 
 
 10. 1863, disab. 
 Musician O. Chauncey Pettingill, e. Aug. 16, '62, died 
 
 June I, 1864, wds. 
 Wagoner Edward Kelly, e. Aug. 12, 1862, deserted 
 
 Sept. 4, 1862. 
 
 Andrews J. Newton, e. Aug. 4, 1862, m.o. June 10, '65. 
 Anderson Charles, e. Aug. 11. '62, m.o. June 10, Sergt. 
 Alexander Lock W. e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to U. S. 
 
 Engineers, July 30, 1864. 
 -^ixby |. Milton, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Kixby Levi, e. Aug 5, 1862, disd. Feb. 23, '63, disab. 
 Brownell Benjamin J. e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd. Feb. 28, 
 
 1863, disab. 
 Ballew Christopher, e. Aug. 8, 1862, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 
 CooHdge Eldridge F. e. Aug.5,'62,m.o.June io,'65, Sgt. 
 Crawford Joseph M. e. Aug. 8, '62, deserted Nov.4,'62. 
 Christman .\ndrew J. e..'\ug.ii,'62.deserte.l Oct.10,'62. 
 Clark Elias, e. Aug. 11, '62, disd. Jan. 28, 63, disab. 
 Davis James, e. .Aug. 9, 1862, Corpl., died at Murfrees 
 
 boro, Tenn., Jan, 16, 1863. 
 DavidsonR..\ndre\v,e Aug.i4,'62,disd.Deci4.'62,disab. 
 Eychawer Kichard, e. Aug. 8, 1862, died at Ander^on- 
 
 ville prison, July 15, 1864, No. of grave, 3.373. 
 Erichson Charles C. e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. May 24, 1865. 
 Fuller Lemuel, e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1S65. 
 Fislier George W. e. Aug. 8, 1862, killed at Mission 
 
 Ridge, Nov. 5. 1S64. 
 Fitzgerald Michael, e. Aug. 11, '62, deserted Mar. 3, '63. 
 Goodwin Benjamin, e.Aug.6,'62,disd.Mar.i7,'63,disab. 
 Greenbaum Job, e. Aug. 6, '62, deserted Nov. 5, 1863. 
 Hallock Hiram, e. Aug. 4, 1862, killed at Dallas, Ga., 
 
 May 28, 1S64. 
 Houghtan George W. e. Aug. 9, 1S62, killed at Dallas, 
 
 Ga., INLay 30, 1864. 
 Jeckles William O. e. Aug.it,'62, disd.Mar.i5,'63,wds. 
 John Daniel T. e. Aug. 5, i8'i2, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 John Cephus D. e. Aug. 5, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Sergt. 
 "Johnson Albert, e. Aug. 4, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Jan. 3, 1863. . . • . 
 
 Jones Frank, e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to Mississippi Ma- 
 rine Brigade, March 7, 1863. 
 Kennedy Henry, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. i, '62. 
 Keating Hugh, e. Aug. 4, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Kimball Newell, e. Aiag. 5, 1862, ilied Gallatin, Tenn., 
 
 Feb. 10, 1863. 
 Lagrange Robert, e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 Lawrence Russell B. e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Nash- 
 ville, Tenn., Nov. 26, 1862. 
 Lewis Richard, e. July 22, 1862, taken prisoner, died at 
 
 Savannah, Ga., Sept. 30, 1864. 
 Luce Stephen, e. Aug. 29, J862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Aug. 16, 1863. 
 Lowe Levi B. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Manson William, e. Aug. 15, 1862, trans, to V. R. C, 
 
 Sept. 30, 1863. 
 Mack Erastus, e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. Dec. 14, 1862. 
 Manning Geo. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. Feb. 16, 1S63. 
 Miles Walter W. e. Aug. 31, 1862, deserted Oct. 15. '62. 
 O'Brien Henry, e. Aug. 8, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Patterson John, e. Aug. 6, '62, trans. U.S.E. July 4, '64. 
 Rood Homer M. e. July 22. "62, disd. April 6, '63, disab. 
 Read Marshall, e. Aug. 11, 1862, deserted Oct. 10, 1862. 
 Smith Jas. e. Aug. 9, 18^2, deserted Sept. 4, 1862. _ 
 Smith Dan. D. e. Aug. 9, 1862. disd. Sept. 28, '64, disab. 
 Sanders Levi S. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Staais Abyrum, e. Aug. i,'62, disd. Dec. 30, '63, disab. 
 Thomas Jno. C. c. Aug. 14, 1862, in. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Thomas Orville P. e. Aug. 14, '62, m. o. June lo, 1865. 
 
 as Corpl. 
 Turner Wm. e. Aug.. 11, 1862, deserted Oct. 15, 1862. 
 Woodruff Orlando, e. Aug. ii,'62,disd. Aug.i5,'63,disab. 
 Whyciff Wm. e.Aug. 9, 1862, disd. Dec. 30, 1862, disab. 
 
 Company H. 
 
 Captain Theron R. Hurlbut, e. as Sergeant, Aug. 6, 
 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant Feb. i, 1S63. 
 Promoted First Lieutenant Nov. 16, 1863. Pro- 
 moted Captain Aug. 3, 1864. Mustered out June, 
 10, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Samuel Whitmyer, com. Sept. 4, 1862. 
 Resigned Feb. i, 1863. 
 
 First Lieutenant Chas. W . Harvey, e. as First Sergeant 
 Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant Oct. 10, 
 
 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant Feb. i, 1863. 
 Resigned Nov. 16, 1863. 
 
 tirst Lieutenant Alfred W. Randall, e. as Sergeant, 
 Ang. 6, 1S62. Promoted First Lieutenant Aug. 3, 
 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant .Andrew J. Belts, com. Sept. 4, 1862. 
 Mustered out Oct. 10, '62, for absence without leave . 
 
 Second Lieutenant Chester A. Weston, e. as private Aug. 
 8, 1862. Mustered out June 10, 1865, as First Ser- 
 geant. Commissioned Second Lieutenant but not 
 mustered. 
 
 Sergt. Horace S. Past, e. Aug. 7,'62, died Jan.s'63,wds. 
 
 Corpl. Jno. H. Gettel,e. Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, 
 as Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. Saml. N. Carpenter, e. Aug. 6, '62, disd May 6, 
 
 1863, disab. 
 
 Corpl. Jacob F. Woodring, e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. May 
 24, 1863, disab. 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAK RECORD. 
 
 336 
 
 Corpl. Chas. T. Manchester, e. Aug. 9, '62, disd. Feb. 
 7, 1863, disab. 
 
 Corpl. \Vm. R. Heuston, e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Jan. 7, 
 1863, di.ab. 
 
 Corpl. Jno. R. McKiiiley, e. Aug. 6, '62, died at Chat- 
 tanooga, July 21, 1864, wds. 
 
 Corpl. And. N. Kockted,e. Aug. 9,'62,m.o. June io,'65. 
 
 Musician Geo. A. Heard, e. Aug. 6,'62, pimt. Principal 
 Musician. 
 
 Music'n Stanley Lockwood,e.Aug.7,'62,m.o.June io,'65. 
 
 Wagoner Asa C. Upham, e. Aug. 7. '62, disd. April 30, 
 1863, disab. 
 
 Austin RufuN B.e. Aug. 7, 1862, deserted Oct. 4, 1862. 
 Anderson Halvor 0.e.Aug.9,'62,disd.June 18, '63, disab. 
 Allen (leo. K. e. Aug. 9, '62, m. o. June 10, 1865, Sergt. 
 Butterfield Alvin J. e. Aug. 6, '62, kid. at Stone River, 
 
 Dec. 31, 1862. 
 Brown Aseph W.e. Aug. 9,'62, trans. V.R.C. Aug. i, '63. 
 Brant Abraham, e. Aug. 11, '62. disd. June i5,'63,disab. 
 Chambers )ohn H.e. Aug. 9, '62, trans. V.R.C.Aug.1,'63. 
 Clark Jas. e. Aug. 11, '62, m.o. June 10, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Drake Rich'd R. e. Aug. 7, '62, captured Feb. 22, '64. 
 Dickerson Geo. N.e.Aug.9,'62, prmt. Hospital Stt-ward. 
 Duch .rme Geo. E. e. Aug. 9. '62, disd. Dec. 16, '62, disab. 
 Evins Alphonso H. e.Aug. 8, '62, disd. Feb. 22, '63, disab. 
 Evins Wesley, e. Aug. 9, '62, disd, Feb. 16, 1864, as ist 
 
 Sergt., to accept appointment in U. S. C. T. 
 Elliott Wm. J. e. Aug. 11, '62, trans. V.R.C. July 27, '64. 
 Goodrich Henry J.e. Aug. 9, 1862, died at Chatta- 
 nooga. Aug. 14, 1864, wds. 
 Hanson Anderson, e. Aug. 11, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 1 enn., Feb. 9, 1863. 
 Landers Timothy E. e. Aug. 6, '62, m. o. May 11, 1865. 
 Larson Gunder, e. Aug. 11, '62, disd. Feb. 23, '63, disab. 
 McMan Patrick, e. Aug. 7, '62, m. o. June io,'65, Corpl. 
 Miller Edson.e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. Feb. 16, 1865, wds. 
 Mullin Wm. e. Aug. 11, 1862, deserted Dec. 31, 1863. 
 Peck Rich'd R. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. June 5, '64, disab. 
 Panley Michael, e.Aug. 9, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Pitcher Benj. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. June 10, 1865, .Sergt. 
 Phipps .Saml. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. Feb. 26, 1863, disab. 
 Paulson Jno. H. e.Aug. 9, '62, disd March 20. '63, disab. 
 Putnam Chas.H. e.Aug. ii,'62. disd. Dec. 17, '63, disab. 
 Rice Zina, e.Aug. 8, '62, kid. by R.R. accident, Oct. 7, '64. 
 Ripley Alvara,e. Aug. 8,1862, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Dec. 30, 1862. 
 Rocksted Jno. N. e. Aug. 9, 1862, died at Chattanooga, 
 
 May 29, 1864, wds. 
 Reed Edwin S. e. Aug. g, '62, Sergt., trans, to V. R. C. 
 
 Aug., 1863. 
 Randall Wm. H. e.Aug. 11, '62, disd. Mch. 8, '63, disab. 
 Simcox Curtis, e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Sherman Edwin M. e.Aug. 9, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Shay Jno. e. Aug. 9, 1862, trans. V. R. C. Get. i, 1864. 
 Turney And. e. Aug. 7,'62, traiis. to V.R.C.IAug.1,'63. 
 Thomason Thos. e. Aug. 8, '62, disd. Mch. 2, '63, disab. 
 True Jas. R. e. Aug. 7, '62, trans, to V.R.C. July — , '64. 
 Vinton Henry, e. Aug. 6, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Vanvalkenburg Henry, e. Aug. 6, '62, disd. Dec. 30, '62, 
 
 disab. 
 Webster Minor A. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Weaver Jacob, e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. May 27, 1865. 
 Wright Franklin G. e. Aug. 7, 186}, died at Gallatin, 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 18, 1862. 
 
 Larson Peter, e. Dec. 3, 1863, m. o. May 29, 1865. 
 Petterson Peter A. 'i. Dec, 3, '63, kid. at Kenesaw Mt,, 
 June 23, 1864. 
 
 Company K. 
 
 Captain Butler Ward, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Resigned 
 March 25, 1863. 
 
 Captain Henry N. Baker, com. First Lieutenant Sept. 
 4, 1862. Promoted Captain March ?s, 1863. Re- 
 signed Oct. 21, 1863. 
 
 Captain Albert G. Lakin, com. Second Lieutenant 
 Sept. 4, 1S62. Promoted First Lieutenant March 
 25, 1863. Promoted Captain Oct. 21, 1863. Mus- 
 tered out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Wm. Cain. e. as Sergeant Aug. 4, 
 1862. Promoted First Sergeant, Sergeant Major. 
 Mustered out June 10, 1865. Com. Second Lieu- 
 tenant, but not mu-,tered. 
 
 Sergt. Henry V. Freeman, e.Aug. 6, 186 >, First Sergt., 
 disd. Aug. 23, 1863, for promotion in Col'd Regt. 
 
 Sergt. Daniel Hawn, e. Aug. 6, 1862, First Sergt. trans, 
 to V. R. C. Sept. 23, 1^64. 
 
 Sergt, Reuben R. Garlick, e. Aug. 6, 1862, kid. in ac- 
 tion, Dec. 31, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Thos. W. Sherratt, e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. March 
 13, 1863, wds. 
 
 Corpl. Moses. C. Felmy, e. Aug. g, 1862, kid. in action, 
 Dec. 30, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Geo. A. Pardee, e. Aug. 7, 1862, kid. at Galla- 
 tin, Tenn., Jan. 20, 1863. 
 
 Corpl. John 15. Gaspares, e. Aug. 5, 1862, kid. inaction 
 Dec. 31, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Lester S. Sweezy, e. -'Vug. 8, 1862, disd. Dec. 15, 
 
 1862, disab. 
 
 Corpl. Horace B. Utter, 'e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 
 
 10, iS^s, a- Sergt. 
 Corpl. John M. Brooks, e. Aug. 7, 1862. died at Mur- 
 
 freesboro Feb. 13, 1863. 
 Corpl. Edward C. Moffatt, e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 
 
 8, 1865, as private. 
 Musician John Lewis, e. Aug. 5, '62, m.o. June 10, '65. 
 Musician Asher Miller, e. Aug. 6, '62. prmt. Fife Maj. 
 Wagoner Aug. C. Bushnell, e. Aug. 6, 1861, died at 
 
 Huntsville, Ala., Jan 14, 1865. 
 
 Addison Wm. e. Aug. 5, '62, disd. Feb. 4,'63, disab. 
 Agnew Wm. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. Nov. 19, '62, disab. 
 Anderson .\dolph, e. Aug. 7, 1862, kid. in action Dec. 
 
 31, 1862. 
 Anderson Wesley B. s. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. Jure io,'65. 
 Baird Abel, Jr. e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Gallatin, Tenn., 
 
 Dec. 23, 1S62. 
 Bander Judson J. e. Aug. 7,'62, disd. Feb. 18, '63, disab. 
 Blake Buel J. e. Aug. 7, 1862, captured at Kenesaw, 
 
 June 27, 1864. 
 Bloiiiquest Swen John. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. March 15. 
 
 1863, disab. 
 
 Bordwell Wm. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Brown Arthur P. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Oct. 28, 1864, 
 
 as Sergt., wounds. 
 Bryan Richard, e. Aug. 9, 1862, died at Evansville, 
 
 Ind., [an. 8, 1865. 
 Brydges Wm. H. e. Aug. 8,1862, disd. for disab., at 
 
 Bowling Green, Ky. 
 Burns Thos. e. Aug. 7, 1862, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Jan. 5, 1863. 
 Cain Chas. e. Aug. 8, 1862, m. o. June 10. 1865. 
 Caswell Frauds H. e.Aug. 7, 1862, died at Richmond, 
 
 Va., Feb. 7. 1863, wds: 
 Churchill JohnN. e, Aug. 12, '62,disd. Oct. io,'63, disab. 
 Clay Daniel, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. May 23, 1865. 
 Clothier Cyrus, e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Cone Chas. M. e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to V. R. C, 
 
 March 13, 1865. 
 Coons Wm. D. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Cotton Chas. L. e. Aug. 6, '62, disd. July 16, '64, disab. 
 Cudner Albert M. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Nov. 19, 1864, 
 
 to accept promotion in 42d Col'd Regt. 
 Follett Chas. e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. Feb. 3, '63. disab. 
 Follett John, e. Aug. 7, 1862, disd. M. y 10, 1863, disab. 
 Foster Milton D. e. Aug. 7, '62, disd. Feb. 21, '63, disab. 
 Fountain Horace, e. Aug. 2, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Fraley John M. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 15, 1865. 
 Garlick Geo. L. e. Aug. 6, '62, disd. Jan. 19, '63, disab. 
 Gorham Chas. e. Aug. 5, 1862, Corpl. died July 28, 
 
 1864, wounds, 
 
 Gould Edmund E. e. Aug. 4, 1862, trans, to U. S. E., 
 
 Aug. 26, 1864. 
 Haight Sam'l E. e. Aug. 7, '62, disd. Jan. 17, '63, disab. 
 Harris Stephen N. e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Jan. 6, 1863. 
 Horton Geo. W. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Hyer Wm. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. April 17, 1863, disab. 
 Johnson Andrew, e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to V. R. C. 
 
 March 16, 1865. 
 Knison Lewis, e. Aug. 7, 1862, died at New Albany, 
 
 Ind., Dec. 23, 1862. 
 Mabis Hiram C. e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Jan. 15, 1863. 
 McComb John H. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 McGookin Arthur, e. Aug. 6, 1862, m.o. June 10, 1865. 
 Manderville David, e.Aug. 9,'62, disd. Dec. 15, '62, disab. 
 Marske Chas. e. Aug. 6, '62, disd. March i5,'63, disab. 
 Marsh Leonard, e. Aug. 5, '62, m. o. June 10, '65, Sergt. 
 Martin Aaron H. e. Aug. 9, '62, trans, to V.R.C. in '64. 
 Morton Horace W. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m.o. June 10, 1865. 
 Parland Jas. e. Aug. 7,'62, m.o. June. 10, '65, 1st Sergt. 
 Parmele Marcus S. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, '65. 
 Parmele Marius W. e. Aug. 14, 1862, kid. in action, 
 
 Dec. 31, 1862. 
 Pels Wm. J. e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to V. R.C., in 1863. 
 Regan Jas. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, Coipl. 
 Robinson Alba G. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Rothwell Wm. A. e.^Aug. 7,'62,m.o. June io,'6s,Corpl. 
 
336 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECORD. 
 
 Ruger Wm. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Rudberg John Z. e. Aug. 6, '62, m.o. May i3,'65,Corpl. 
 .SchellengerHenry C.e.Aug.6,'62,disd.April 2,'63,disab. 
 Shirratt John H. e. Aug. 7, 1862, Corpl., disd. June 
 
 22, 1864, for promotion in Col'd Regt. 
 Smith Robt. G. e. Aug. 6, 1862, m. o. June 10. 1865. 
 Sweet Benj. G. e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to. V. R. C. 
 
 Nov. 28, 1863. 
 Tanner Henry, e. Aug. 6,'62, m. o. June 10, '65, Corpl. 
 Teachout Carlos, e. Aug. 12, '62, disd. Nov. 11 '62,disab. 
 Teachout Gilbert, e. Aug. 6, '62, disd. Dec.i i,'62, disab. 
 Thoreson John, e. Aug. 8, '62, disd. July 30, '63, disab. 
 Ubbing Feidinand.e.Aug. 8, '62, disd. L)ec.i5,'62,disab. 
 Vad Edward E. e. Aug. 7, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Jan. 19, 1863. 
 Vail John P. e. Aug. 6, '62, trans, to V. R. C. in 1863. 
 Walsh Tnos. e. Aug. 2, '62, m. o. June 10, 1865, Corpl. 
 Ward Anson, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. 
 Weatherly -Alford, e. Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to U. S. E., 
 
 July 27, 1864. 
 Willis Wm. A. e. Aug. 6, 1862, disd. Aug. i3,'63,disab. 
 Wilmarth Chas. H. e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to V. R. C., 
 
 Aug. I, 1863. 
 Worthly Edw. e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Jan 10, 1863. 
 Wortman Wm.H.e.Aug. 7, '62, m.o. June 10, '65, Sergt. 
 Wood Gustavus H. e.Aug.6,'62, disd. Feb. i8,'63, disab. 
 
 Brown Robt. R. e. Nov. 30, 1863, missing in action at 
 
 Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 
 Goslin Robt. e. Nov. 30, 1863, trans, to 36th I. V. I., 
 
 June 7, 1865. 
 McKay Wm. H. e. Dic. 29, 1863, trans, to 36th I.V. I. 
 
 June 7, 1865 
 McKay Jas. E. e. Dec. 29, 1863, died at Chattanooga, 
 
 June 22, 1864. 
 
 Boyce John J. e. Sept. 28, 1864. 
 
 Carman John E. e. Feb. 27, 1865, m. o. May 29, 1865. 
 
 Hussey Josiah, e. Uec. 29, 1863. 
 
 Morehouse Lewis, e. Aug. 31, 1864. 
 
 Ray Marshall, e. March 15, 1865, m. o. June 3, 1865. 
 
 90th Infantry. 
 
 The Ninetieth Infantry Illinois Volunteers was or- 
 ganized at Chicago, Illinois, in August, September, 
 and October, 1862, by Colonel Timothy O'Meara. 
 Moved to Cairo. November 27th, and to Columbus, 
 Ky., 30th. P'rom thence proceeded to Lagrange, Ten- 
 nessee, where the regiment arrived December 2d. On 
 the 4th, ordered to Cold Water, Mississippi, where it 
 relieved the Twenty-ninth Wisconsin Infantry. On 
 the morning of 20th December, a detachment of Second 
 Illinois Cavalry arrived at Cold Water, having cut 
 their way through Van Dorn's forces, out of Holly 
 Springs. Soon after, four companies of One Hundred 
 and First Illinois can e in, and were followed by the 
 enemy to our lines. The demonstrations made by the 
 Ninetieth deterred the enemy from making any severe 
 attack, although he was4,oooor 5,ooostrong, and, after 
 some skirmishing, he withdrew. The regiment was 
 mustered out of service June 6, '865, at Washington, 
 D. C, and arrived at Chicago, June 12, 1865, where it 
 received final pay and discharge. 
 
 Major Patrick Flynn, com. Captain Co. A, Aug. i. 
 
 1862. Promoted Major, March 6, 1863. Honorably 
 
 discharged. May 15, 1865. 
 Commissary Sergeant, Lawrence H. Bracken, com. 
 
 Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out June 6, 1865. 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Captain Jas. Conway, com. First Lieutenant, Aug. i, 
 1862. Promoted Captain. Commission canceled. 
 Killed in action, Nov. 25, 1863. 
 
 Captain Daniel Corcran.com. Second Lieutenant, Aug. 
 I, 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant, March 6, 1863. 
 Commission canceled. Promoted Captain March 
 6, 1863. Mustered out June 6, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Andrew Phinney,e. as First Sergeant, 
 Aug. 5, 1862. Promoted Second Lieutenant, March 
 6, 1863. Commission canceled. Com. First Lieu- 
 tenant, Nov. 25, 1863. Honorably disd. May 15, '65. 
 
 Sergt. Michael Redmond, e. Aug. 5, 1862, disd. Nov. 
 37, 1862. 
 
 Sergt. Chas. Stuart, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865, 
 as First Sergt. 
 
 Sergt. M. Hayes, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died March 28, 1864. 
 
 Sergt. Owen Smiih, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died Oct. 11, 1863. 
 
 Corpl. Maurice Kane, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 
 20, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Jos. Whalen, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, '65, 
 as Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. J. S. O'Brien, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, '65. 
 
 Corpl. Robert Gubbins, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Mem- 
 phi", Oct. II, 1863. 
 
 Corpl. Jos. P. Wnalen, e. Aug. 5, 1862, disd. March i, 
 1864, as Sergt., wds. 
 
 Corpl. H. Devine, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Rockford, 
 111., Sept. 27, 1863. 
 
 Corpl. M. Lane, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died Sept. 12, 1863. 
 
 Musician R. Listen, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, '65. 
 
 Bracken L. H. e. Aug. 5, 1862. Promoted Com. Sergt. 
 
 m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Burns M., Jr., e. Aug. 5. 1862, deserted Nov. 24, 1862. 
 Burke John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 27, 1862. 
 Butler Thos. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, '65, Corpl. 
 Buckley C. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, '65, Corpl. 
 Collighan Jas. Jos. e. Aug. 5, '62, deserted May 31, '64. 
 Condon Jas. e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 22, 1862. 
 Campbell John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. a. June 24, 1864, 
 
 pris. war. 
 Cullen Wm. e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 26, 1862. 
 Conner Eugene, e. Aug. 5, '62, deserted Nov. 26, '62. 
 Coiiley Thos. e. Aug. 5, 1862, kid. Dec. 13, 1864. 
 Corcoran Patrick, e. Aug. 5, '62, disd. May 16, '65, disab. 
 Cronin Patrick, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 16, 1862. 
 Dewin M. e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 16, 1862. 
 Dwirr Martin, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m o. June 6, 1S65. 
 Devlin M. e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 29, 1862. 
 Dowd Dennis, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Doyle Thos. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1805. 
 Donahoe Bernard, e. Aug. 5, '62. deserted Jan. 16, '63. 
 Devine Henry, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Fitzpatrick Wm. e. Aug. 5, 1862, died in rebel prison, 
 
 Oct. 25, 1864. 
 Fitzgerald John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 26, '62. 
 Fitzgerald Kich'd, e. Aug. 5, 1862, sick at m. o. 
 Fitzgerald Wm. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Gaffeny Patrick, e. Aug. Si 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Galvin John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, kid. Aug. 13, 1864. 
 Harrity Neal,e.Aug. 5, '62,111.0. June 24, '65, was pris. 
 Heffernan B. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 65, was pris. 
 Harrington D. e. Aug. 5, 1862, Corpl., kid. Nov. 75, '64. 
 Kirby Patrick, e. Aug. 5, i8t2, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Kearns Thos. e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 26, 1862. 
 Kane Hugh, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died Nov. 16, 1864. 
 Kane Thos. e. Aug. 5. 1862, deserted Nov. 26, 1862. 
 Kehoe John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Memphis, Oct. 
 
 12, 1863. 
 Lamb Daniel, e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Lafayette, Tenn., 
 
 April 25, 1863. 
 Lilas Nicholas, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Lauglmam Thos. e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Memphis, 
 
 Oct. II, 1863. 
 Londregan John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 26, '62. 
 Leahev Wm. e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 26. 1862. 
 Lane M. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, '65, as Wagoner. 
 McGrath Owen, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Melia John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 20, 1862. 
 McMahon Hugh, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865, 
 
 as Sergt. 
 Murphy Wm. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. 6. June 6, 1865. 
 Moore Jas. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m o. June 6, 1865. 
 Murphy D. e. Aug. 5, 1862, trans, to Invalid Corps, 
 
 March 10, 1865. 
 McGarry Thos. e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Nov. 25, 1862. 
 Moran John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, deserted Oct. 10, 1862. 
 Murphy Jas. e. Aug. 5, 1862, de>erted June g, 1862. 
 McGrath John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 McLau.ghlin Wm. e. Aug. 5, 1862, kid. Nov. 25, 1863. 
 McMahon John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 McCarthy Edw. e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6. 1865. 
 O'Donnell John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, trans, to Co. G, 48th 
 
 I. V. I. 
 O'Neil Francis, e. Aug. 5,1862, disd. Mch. 7,'65,disab. 
 Ricely Owen, e. Aug. 5, 1S62, deserted June 9, 1863. 
 Smith James, e. Aug. 5, 1865, died Miss., Sept. 21, 63. 
 Sullivan John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865., 
 Tovey John, e. Aug. 5, 1862, Sergt., absent wounded 
 
 at m. o. of regt. 
 Vaughn Dennis, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 Wood James, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m. o. June 6, 1865. 
 

 DURAND 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAE RECORD. 
 
 339 
 
 I 
 
 Young Geo. e. Aug. 5, 1862, died at Jackson, Miss., 
 
 July 22, 1863. 
 Gray Robert, e. Jan. 24, 1865, trans, to 48th I. V. I. 
 Listen Richd. 2d, deserted Sept. i, 1862. 
 
 Idlst Infantry (100 days). 
 
 Adjutant General gives no history. 
 
 Captain King H. Millikin, com. June i6, 1864, Mus- 
 tered out Oct. 10, i8b4. 
 
 First Lieutenant Jos. H. Burns, com. June 16, 1864. 
 Mustered out Oct. 10, 1864. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Geo. W. Tracy, com. June 16, 1864. 
 Mustered out Oct. 10, 1S64. 
 
 Andrews S. A. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Atkinson Jas. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Atkins Walker, e. May 13, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Ashford A. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Bierer E. H. e. May 10,1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Bird Allen T. e. May 17, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Blair J. A. e. May 14, 1S64, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Brewster John H. e. T\Iay 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Bowman Chas. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Briggs F. F, e. May 13, 1864. m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Corcoran James, e. May 17, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Crawford C. F. A. e. May 17, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Cook Amos, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864, Coipl. 
 Collins Thos. e. May 9, 1S64, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Campbell E. A. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Conner Jos. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Cook Daniel, e. May 15, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Campbell Chester, e. May 18, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Cushman C. W. e. May 8, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Detrick C. B. e. May 10, 1864, m.o. Oct. 10. '64, Sergt. 
 Dillon Jno. e. May 13, 1864, m.o. Oct. 10, 1864, Corpl. 
 Devondorf L. A. e. May 17, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Dickerson Jas. L. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Davis Sidney, e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. lo, 1864. 
 Derwent Chas. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Davis Chas. M. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Dale E. E. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Doolittle Edwin H. e. May 2, 1864, Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Dunwell Oliver, e. May 17, 1864, deserted at Elgin, 111. 
 Eaton Jas. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Forsyth Geo. A. e. May 18, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Ford Patrick, e. May 18,1864, m.o. Oct. 10, 1864, Corpl. 
 Foote E. H. e. May 17, 1864 m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Fuller E. B. e. May 17. 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Gustin H. W. e. May 18, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Goakey Jos. e. May 16, 1864, m.o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Gable \Vm. e. May 9, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Henry Clayton, e. May 18, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Henry Merritt, e. May 10, 1804, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Higely Noah D. e. May 21, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Hoimquest A. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Helmer Benj. F. e. May 15. '64, died at Columbus, Ky., 
 
 Aug. II, 1864. 
 Jones \Vm. H. e. May 17, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Kathen W. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Keyser M. e.May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Kesler Jerry, e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Lyon H. \V. e. May 16, '64, m. o. Oct. 10, '64, Corpl. 
 Lightheart M. e. May 15, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Lacy Wm. B. e. May 15, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Lovesee Edwin K. e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Lightheart H. J. e. May 15, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Mowatt J. M. e. May 2 '64, m. o. Oct. 10, '64, Corpl. 
 Morris Chas. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. to, 1864. 
 Madegan Thos. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Palmer Wm. H. e. May 16, 1864, m. o Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Pritchard M. J. e. May 18, '64, m. o. Oct. io,'64, Sergt. 
 Post W. W. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864, Corpl. 
 Perry David B. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Pease Warren c. May 15. 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Rowland R. C. e. May 2, 1864, m.o. Oct. 10, '64, Sergt. 
 Reid John, e. May 12, 1864, m.o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Riddell Eugene, e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. lo, 1864. 
 Reed Loyal W. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Rh' des K. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Ryan John, e. May 12, 1864, deserted. 
 Riddell Frank, e. May 12. 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Rogers Hanly, e. May 16, 1864, died at White Rock, 
 
 111., Sept. 10, 1864. 
 Rogers Byron, e. May 17, 1864, never mustered in. 
 Sabin Melvin, e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Stearns Ambrose, e. May 10, '64, m. o. Oct. 10, 64, as 
 ist Sergt. 
 
 19 
 
 Stevens Solomon, e. May 12, '64, m.o. Oct.10,'64, Corpl. 
 Snively Owen D. e. May i, 1864, m, o. Oct. 10, 1S64. 
 Twogood O. J e. May 5, '64, ni. o. Oct. 10, '64, Sergt. 
 Tufts Simeon, e. May 11, m. o. Oct. 10. 1864. 
 Upstone Wm.H. e. May 11, '64, m.o. Oct. 10, '64, Corpl. 
 VanBrocklin John, e. May 13, 1864, m.o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Warner W. F. e. May 8, 1864, m- o- Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Warner C. H. e. May 18, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Werner Geo. e. May 17, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 Youngman A. M. e. May 11, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1S64. 
 Youngman S. W. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 10, 1864. 
 
 146t1i Infantry (one year.) 
 
 The One Hundred and Forty-sixth Illinois Volunteers 
 was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, Sept. 18, 1864, 
 for one year, and Henry H. Dean' appointed Colonel. 
 Companies C and B were ordered to Brighton, Illinois, 
 Companies D and H to Quincy, Illinois, and Co. 
 F to Jacksonville, Illinois, and were assigned to 
 duty guarding drafted men and substitutes. The 
 remaining companies were assigned to similar duty at 
 Camp Butler, Illinois. On 5th July, 1S65, the regiment 
 was mustered out of service at Camp Butler, Illinois. 
 Colonel Henry H. Dean, com. Captain Co. B,Sept. 17, 
 
 1864. Promoted Colonel, Sept. 20, 1864. Mustered 
 
 out July 8, 1865. 
 Quartermaster Gideon V. Carr, com. Sept. 20, 1864. 
 
 Died at Quincy, 111., April 21, 1865. 
 Sergeant Major Abraham M. Manny, com. Aug. 29, 
 
 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Principal Musician Ascher Miller, com. Aug. 29, 1864. 
 Mustered out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Company B. 
 
 Captain Frank M. Needham, com. Frst Lieutenant, 
 Sept. 17, 1864. Promoted Captain, Sept. 20, 1864. 
 Mustered out July 8, 1865. 
 
 First lieutenant Dennis W. Grippen, com. Second 
 Lieutenant, Sept. 17, 1864. Promoted First Lieu- 
 tenant, Sept. 20, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Jno. Barsby, e. as First Sergeant, 
 Aug. 29, 1864. Promoted Second Lieutenant, Sept. 
 20, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Sergt. N. M. Ackerly, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 
 
 1865, as First Sergt. 
 
 Sergt. E. L. Cochran, e. Aug. 29, 1S64, mo. July 8, '65. 
 Sergt. Gen. L. Stickney, e. Aug. 29, '64, m.o. July 8, '65. 
 Corpl. Chas. H. Bird5ell,e. Aug. 29, '64, m.o. July 8. '65. 
 Corpl. Roger B. Murphy, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 
 
 8, 1865. 
 Corpl. Robt. F. Dutton. e. Aug. 29, '64, mo. July 8,'6s. 
 Corpl. R. Peck, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Corpl. Wm. D. Garrett, e. Aug. 29, '64, m.o. July 8, '65. 
 Corpl. H. E. Hudson, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m .0. July 8, '65. 
 Corpl. Wm. Atkins, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65. 
 Musician Ande Norcross, e. Aug. 29,'64 , m.o. July 8,'65. 
 
 Abbott K. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865, Corpl. 
 Bayless D. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865, sub. 
 Baker Edw. F. e. Aug 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 Brown Morris, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 Brink John H.e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 17, 1865. 
 Brown Geo. W. e. Aug. 29, '64, m. o. J uly 8, 1865, sub. 
 Baker S. F. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Briggs B. W. e. Aug. 29, 1864 m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Bulkley A. e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 17, 1865, disab. 
 Beecher E. W. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Barnes Carson, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Butler Wallace, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. Jul 8, 1S65. 
 Bergstresser R. M. e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 16, '65. 
 Bayies Wm. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865, sub. 
 Chandler W. S. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. June 8, 1865. 
 Costello John, e. Aug. 29, 1S64, m. o. July S, 1865. 
 Clogan N. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Cregan M. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Cassidy Geo. e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 15, 1865. 
 Chase S. A. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Clark Ino. M. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Chandler A. F. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 Cochran Jno. W. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Cardwell Jas. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Davis H. A. e. Aug. 29, 1864^ m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Dennison Uriah, e. Aug. 29, 1864, died at Alton, 111., 
 
 April 15, 1865. 
 Drake Jasper, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 
340 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAK KECOKD. 
 
 Duffy Tlios. F. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 Dillon \Vm. e. Aug. 29, 1864, "^- °- Ju'j' 8, 1865. 
 Drake Edw. P. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Frazier P.itrick, e Aug. 29, 1864, deserted Sept. 25, '64 
 Glacken Jas. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Goodwin M. O. e. Aug. 29. 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Goddard D. J. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1864. 
 Garloclc Jno. e. Aug. 29, 1864, di>d. June 13, 1865. 
 Greenw."ilt A. e. Aug. 29, '64, m. o. July 8. 1865, .sub. 
 Gunsoles Jas. H. e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 15, 1865. 
 Garrett B. F. e. Aug. 29, 1864, ni. o. July 8, '65, Sergt. 
 Hart Geo. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July S, 1865. 
 Holt G. W. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Hager Orson, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Hallowell Geo. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Higiley H. H. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, i8-,5. 
 Hopkins A. A. e. Aug. 29, 1864, ^^- o. July 8, 1865. 
 Haddeman H. e. Au^. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Hill Harman, e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 17, '65, disab. 
 Judd C. C. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Johnson T. L. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Johnson R. M. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. luly 8, 1865. 
 Jilsoii John C. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 James Geo. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. Oct. 8, 1865, sub. 
 Johnson Cha.-.. H. e. Aug. 29. 1864, m.o. Oct. 8, '65, sub 
 King J. P. e. Aug. 29, 1864, ra. o. Oct. 8, 1865. 
 Lillie J. N. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. Oct. 8, 1865. 
 Latie S. B. e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 17, 1865, disab. 
 Miles W. e. Aug 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Norton \Vm. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Needles Geo. E. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Owen Julius, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 Patterson J. L. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Peterson J. P. e. Aug. 29, 1S64, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Plattner H. M. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Peck Jno. I. e. Aug. 29, 1864, disd. June 17, '65, disab. 
 Roberts J. \V. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 Robertson S. F. e. Aug. 29, '64, m. o. July 8, '65. 
 Rourke L. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Russell E. S. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m.o. July 8, 1865, sub. 
 Steele C. W. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Sweet Geo. W. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1S65. 
 Steele Geo. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Smith H. C. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Sanders Wm. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Shea James, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Smith Geo. H. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, '65, sub. 
 Stillson A. L. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865, sub. 
 Smith O. F. e. Aug. 29, 1804, m. o. July 8, 1865, sub. 
 Turney M. J. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Turney D. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Vanston Samuel, e. Aug. 29, '64, m. o. July 8, '65, Corpl. 
 Wheeler V. M. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1S65. 
 Wheeler Wm. E. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Wheeler M. |. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Wright M. V. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 
 Company E. 
 
 Musician Jos. W. Graham, e. Sept. 9, 1S64, killed Oct. 
 9, 1864, by Sergt. Jas. Frost, at Chicago, III. 
 
 Allen John H. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Ames H. B. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Brulin E. G. e. Sept. 9, 1864, m. o. July 8. 1865. 
 Cleveland Jas. e. Sept. 9, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Carter Amos, e. Sept. 9, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Hanson Walter, e, Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Jewell L. A. e. Sept. 8, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1863. 
 Larsons Lars, e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Millard C. S. e. Sept. 8, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Tuthill Isaac W. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Tynan M. e. Aug. 29, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Tynan John,e. Aug. 27, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 
 147th Infantry (one year). 
 
 The One Hundred and Forty-seventh Infantry 
 Illinois Volunteers was orgmized at Camp Fry, 111., 
 by Col. Hiram F. Sickles, and mustered in for cne 
 year, on the i8th and i9ih cf February, 1865. On the 
 2ist of February, moved, via Louisville, Ky., to Nash- 
 ville, Tenn., arriving 25th. On the 28tli, moved to 
 Chattanooga, and thence to Dalton, Ga., Col. Sickles 
 commanding post. On March 13th, went en expedi- 
 tion to Mill Creek, on Cleveland road, and broke up a 
 nest of guerrillas. On 20th, under command of Major 
 Bush, went on an expedition to Spring Place. March 
 
 15th, the regiment was assigned to First Brigade, Sec- 
 ond Division, Army of the Cumbeiland, Brig. Gen. H. 
 M. Judah commanding. On March 28th, went on an 
 expedition to Ringgo'd. On April 23d, moved to 
 Pullen's Ferry, on Coosawatchie River, and had several 
 skirmishes with the enemy, killing Major Edmeston, 
 their commander, and several officers and men. On 
 May 2d, the regiment moved to Reseca, Ga., and were 
 engaged in repairing the railroad. On May 12th Wof- 
 ford, commanding rebel forces in Northern Georgia, 
 surrendered his forces to Gen. Judah. May 14th, Col. 
 Sickles took command of the Brigade. Marched to 
 Calhoun, June 26th, and July 27th, moved to Marietta. 
 From tlience, ordered to MacoM, Ga.. and to Albany, 
 Ga., arriving July 31st. October 16th, brigade organ- 
 ization dissolved. October 23th, ordered to Hawkins- 
 ville, Ga. November 25th, the regiment was ordered 
 to Savannah, Ga., z'/'rt Macon, Atlanta and Augusta, 
 where it remained, Itecember 31st, 1865. Mustered 
 out January 20th, 1866, at Savannah, Ga., and ordered 
 to Springfield, 111., where it received final pay and dis- 
 charge. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel Giles H. Bush, com. Captain Co. 
 A, Feb. 18, 1865. Promoted Major Feb. 20, 1865. 
 Promoted Lieutenant Colonel July 13, 1865. Mus- 
 tered out Jan 24, 1866. 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Captain Jas. H. Reynolds, com. First Lieutenant Feb. 
 18, 1865. Promoted Captain March 13, 1865. Mus- 
 tered out Jan. 20, 1866. 
 
 First Lieutenant E. B. Day, com. Second Lieutenant 
 Feb. 18, 1865. Promoted First Lieutenant March 
 13, 1865. Mustered out Jan. 20, 1866. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Smith T. Harding, e. as First Ser- 
 geant Feb. 4, 1865. Prfimoted Second Lieutenant 
 March 13, 1865. Absent, sick at muster-out of 
 of Regiment. 
 
 Sergt. Judson A. Ellison, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 
 1866, as First Sergt. 
 
 Sergt. Geo. S. Rice, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. May 16,1865. 
 
 Sergt. Geo. Brown, e. Feb. 4, 1865. m.o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 
 Sergt. Thos. R. Heald, e. Feb. 4,'65, m. o. Jan. 20, '66, 
 as private. 
 
 Corpl. B. Swarthout, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, '66, 
 as Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. Rainbow Charles, e. Feb. 4, '65, m.o. Jan. 20, '66. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. Phillips, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, '66. 
 
 Corpl. N.C. Haven, e. Feb. 4, '65, m.o. Jan. 20, '66, Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. B. r.rown,e. Feb. 4, '64, m. o. Jan. 20, '66. 
 
 Corpl. S. L. Austin, e. Feb. 4, 1865, prmt. Com. Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. Geo. Thayer, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, '66. 
 
 Corpl. R. S. Tucker, e. Feb. 4. 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, '66. 
 
 Musician Wm. E. Jayne, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 
 1866, as private. 
 
 Musician Stephen Norcross, e. Feb. 4, 1865, prmt. 
 Principal Musician. 
 
 Wagoner Sam'l Tuttle, e. Feb. 4, '65, m. o. May 17, '65. 
 
 Alverson H. B. e. Feb. 4, '65, m. o. Jan. 20, '66, Corpl. 
 Austin John B. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Ashford Alfred, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m.o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Ashford Albert, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m.o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Burch Clinton, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Bristol L. D. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Brown Eli, e. Feb. 4, 1865. m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Bambo John. e. Feb. 4, 1S65, ni. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Bush Giles H. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Chamberlain Albert, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, '66. 
 Countryman I. J. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Crosley F. L. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Corcoran Jas. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 2 >, 1866. 
 Cushman Wm. G. e. teb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Cushman Chas. W. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Carr Geo. N. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Collins M. e. Feb 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20 1866. 
 Davis Sidney, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Dobson Thos. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20 1S66. 
 Dame Geo. E. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Dicker-on J. L. e. Feb. 4, i86s, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866, 
 Earley \V. J. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 26, 1866. 
 Evans Geo. e. Feb. 4, :865, m. o. Jan. 26, 1866. 
 Fitzsimmons C. H. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 26, 1866. 
 Ford Royal F. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Oct. 30, 1865. 
 Fairgrieve Jas. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. May 16. 1865. 
 Fisher J:is. M. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Gleason S. E. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Giddings Jas. D. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECORD. 
 
 341 
 
 Graves Thos. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. '•. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Gubbins Wm. e. Feb. 4, 1S65, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Gilman John R. e. Feb. 4, 1865, deserted Feb. 20, 1865. 
 Grimmuit Thos. e. Feb. 4, '65, m. o. Jan. 2o,'66, Corpl. 
 Gray Albert, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Gnimmon 'ieo. H. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Oct. 21, 1865. 
 Higgins Timothy, e. Feb. 4, 1865. m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Heald I. S. e. Feb. 4, 1S65, m. o. Jan. 20. 1866. 
 Hiuginbotham Thos. e. Feb. 4, '65, m. o. Ian. 20, '66 
 Hali Robt. H. e. Feb. 4, i86s, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Malagas Henry, e. Feb. 4, 1S65, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Ingersoll Chas. H. e. Feb. 4, 1875, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Jones Wm. e. Feb. 4, 1865. m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Johnson John C. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Jones Benj. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Kesler Jeremiih, e. Feb. 9, 1865, m. o. Jan 20, 1860. 
 Kellner Amos. e. Feb. 4, 1865 m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Ken edy Guy T. e. Feb. 5, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Levitt John,e. Feb. 4, ]865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Lamont David, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Lake Geo. W. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Leffingwell Bird, e. Feb. 4, '65, m.o. Jan. 20, '66. Corpl. 
 Lipp tt L. C. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Ian. 20, 1866. 
 Lighthart John H. e. Feb. 4, 1862. ni. o. Jan. 20, 1865. 
 Liiihthart Henry, e. Feb. 4, 1862, m.o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Luther Wm. H. e. Feb. 4, 1866, m. o. Jan. to. 1866. 
 Monks Wm. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. g. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Murphv A. e. Feb. 4, 1S65, m. o. May. 17, 1865. 
 Montcrieff David, e. Feb. 4, 1865, disd. Sept. 15,1865. 
 McNeles Andrew, e. F"eb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan 20. 1866. 
 Maynard H. H. e. Feb. 5, 1865, sick at m. o. of regt. 
 Norcross I. M. e. Feb. 4, '65, m.o. Jan. 20, '65, Music'n. 
 Obiatt John S. e. Feb. 4, 1865. absent sick at m. o. 
 Patterson Jas. H. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Putnam Hosea B. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m.o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 PamuU E. C. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Pearson Chas. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Post W W. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866, Corpl. 
 Pearson H. L. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Powers Alonzo, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, i865. 
 Rhodes F, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Steere D. R. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Spurr Rufus, e. Feb. 5, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Scherer Edw. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. fan. 20, 1S66. 
 Soverin John R. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Tiffany Wm. A. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Timmins Thos. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Turner Wm. H. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20. 1865. 
 Upston Henry, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Wilson Wm. B. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m, o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Wood Guy, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 Williams John, e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 
 153(1 InfaiitY'y (one year.) 
 
 The One Hundred and Fifty third Infantry Illinois 
 Volunteers was organized at Camp Fry, Illinois, by 
 Colonel Stephen Bronson, and was mustered in Feb- 
 ruary 27, 1865, for one year. On March 4th, moved, bv 
 rail, 2iia Louisville and Nashville, to Tullahoma, re- 
 porting to i\>ajor General Millroy. The regiment was 
 a.ssigned to the Second Brigade, Defenses of Nashville 
 and Chattanooga Railroad. Brevet Brigadier General 
 Dudley commanding Brigade. In the latter part of 
 March, Major Wilson, with three companies, went on 
 a campaign into Alabama and returned. On July ist, 
 moved, via Nashville and Louisville, to Memphis, 
 Tennessee, and was assigned to the command of Brevet 
 Major General A. L. Chetlain. Was mustered out 
 September 15, 1S65, and moved to Springfield, Illinois, 
 and September 24th, received final pay and discharge. 
 Colonel Bronson received appointment as Brevet Briga- 
 dier General. 
 Second Assistant Surgeon Amos Scott, com. May 27, 
 
 1865. Mustered out Sept. 21, 1865.. 
 Principal Musician A. M. Thompson, e. Feb. 14, 1865, 
 
 m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Corpl. Chas. C. Coon, e. Feb. 16, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 
 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 PRIVATES. 
 
 Brown Horace, e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Beattie Daniel, e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Ballard Benj. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Aug. 25, 1865. 
 
 Benton Geo. e. Feb. 4, '65, on furlough since Aug. 25, '65. 
 Clay C. M. e. Feb. 16, 1865, m. o. Oct. 16, i86s. 
 Dana Jos. C. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, TS65. 
 Fackiele H. C. e. Feb. i*, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Hobson Robt. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. July 20, 1865. 
 Myers Uriah, e. Feb. 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Newton A. J. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Rhodes Henry, e. Feb. 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Swiverly lacob. e. Feb. 20, 1865, ra. o. Sept. 21, 186!;. 
 Shaw R. R. e. Feb. 2. 1865, m.o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Towsley M. D.e. Feb. 6, 1865, sick at m. o. 
 Turner H. H. e. Feb. 22, '65, m. o. Sept. 21, '65, Sergt. 
 Toal A. H. e. Feb. 16, 1865, ni. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Trowbridge H. H. e. Feb. i, 1865. m. o. Sept. 21,1865. 
 Waddell Walter, e. Feb. 6, 1865, died July 15, 1865. 
 Zilley Wm. C. e. Feb. 16, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 
 Company C. 
 
 First Lieutenant Michael J. Dunne, com. Feb. 27, 1865. 
 
 Mustered out Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Biesterfield Henry, e. Feb. 18, 1865, m. o. Aug. 12, '65. 
 
 Company F, 
 
 Bishop Albert, e. Feb. 22, 1865, deserted Feb. 26, i86>!. 
 Gordon Charles, e. Feb. 22, 1865, deserted Feb. 26, 186";. 
 
 Company G. 
 
 Captain Jonathan E. Brnwn, com. Feb. 27, 1865. M'us- 
 
 tered out Sept. 21, 1865. 
 First Lif:utenant Alanson Fairham, com. Feb. 27, 1865. 
 
 Mustered out Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Second Lieutenant Fernando C. Brown, com. Feb. 27, 
 
 1865. Mustered out Sept. 21, 1865. 
 First Sergt. Wm. T. Noll, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Sept. 
 
 21, 1865. 
 Se.gt. Jos. W. Gilman, e. Feb. 14, '65, m.o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 Sergt. Chas. H. Stephens, e. F b. 4, 1865, m. o. Sept. 
 
 21, 1865. 
 Corpl. A. Wortman, e. Feb. 4. 1865, m. o. May 25, 1865. 
 Cor])!. Edw. A. Hartley, e. Feb. 4, 1865, sick at m. o. 
 Corpl. Geo. Gilbert, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 Torpl. Wm. M . Newkirk, e. Feb. 4, '65, m.o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 Corpl. H. F. Stewart, e. Feb. 4, '65, m. o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 Corpl. R. R. Dowd, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 Musician A. M. Thompson, e. Feb. 14, 1865, promoted 
 
 Drum Major. 
 Musician T. V. Dowd, e. Feb. 14, '65, m.o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 
 Bates A. N. e. Feb. 28, 1865. m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Banks Ambrose, e. Feb. 8, 1865, m. o Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Burton Chester, e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Bennett Horace, e. Feb. 7,1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Bander Geo. M. e. Feb. 14, 1865. m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Cormnny Henrv, e. Feb. 17, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Cole Alfred, e. Feb. 18, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Cross A. B. e. Feb. 14, i86^, m. o. Aug. 18, 186:;. 
 Dwan James, e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. ^ 
 Fountain James M. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 Fassett Louis, e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Flynn John, e. Feb. 14, 186^, sick at m. o. of regt. 
 Garner John. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. Aug. 30, 1865. 
 Granger A. E. e. Feb. 4. 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Carver M. M. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. June 8, 1865. 
 Hewett Fdw. e. Feb. 4, 1865. m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Hebard Henry, e. Feb. 28, 186s, m. o. Sept. 21. 1865. 
 Keys Fred. e. Feb. 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Makeaney Wm. H. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, '65. 
 Morrill Dan. e. F»b. 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Matheson A. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. June i, 1865. 
 Medbery Jos. N. e. Feb. 18, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Putnam M. K. e. Feb. 14, 1865, onsick furlough at m.o. 
 Price Wm. e. Feb. 22, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Pitts Harris, e. Feb. 14, 1865, sick at m. o. 
 Rittenhouse Amos, e.Feb. 8,'65,on sick furlough atm.o. 
 Randall Wm. H. e. Feb. 14. 1865, m.o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Simpson Chas. H. e. Feb. 22, 1S65, m.o. Sept. 22, 1865. 
 Shumway R. e. Feb. 4, 1865, m. o. July 26, 1865. 
 Shane Jno. H. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Seaton Wm. S. e. Feb. 7, 1866, m. o. Sept. 21, 1865. 
 Scott Amos, e. Feb. 28, 1865, prmt. Assistant Surgeon. 
 Todd Geo. e. Feb. 8, 1865, sick at m. o. 
 Whipple B. T. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. June 8, 1865. 
 
 Company I. 
 
 First Lieutenant Philip Carr, com. Feb. 27, 1865. Re- 
 signed June 7, 1865. 
 
342 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAR RECORD. 
 
 First Lieutenant Jacob T. Glenn, com. Second Lieu- 
 tenant Feb. 27, 1865. Promoted First Lieutenant 
 June 22, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 21, 1865. 
 
 Miscellaneous Infantry, 
 
 I7th Infantry. 
 
 Major Frank F. Pests, com. Captain Co. B, July 3, 
 
 1861. Promoted Major April 25, 1862. Term ex- 
 pired June 18, 1864. 
 
 22d Infantry. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Edward I\I. McCarty, e. as private, 
 June 25, 1861. Promoted Second Lieutenant Jan. 
 24, 1862. Resigned June 13, 1862. 
 
 23d Consolidated Infantry. 
 
 First Lieutenant Everitt H. P.ierer, com. March 24, 
 
 1865. Mustered out July 24, 1865. 
 Sergt. Dewitt C. Harris, e. Mch. 2, '65, m.o. July 24,'6s. 
 Sergt. Eustice C. Parker.e. Mch. 2, '65, m.o. July 24, '65. 
 Corpl. Jno.VV.Northcraft,e. Mch. 2, '65, m.o. July iq,'65. 
 Hecker Jas. G. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. July 19, 1865. 
 King Ira A. e. Mirch 2, 1865, m. o. June 12, 1865. 
 Smith Robt. F. e. i\larch 2, 1865, m.o. July 24, 1865. 
 
 25th Infantry. 
 
 Surgeon Jos. Blount, com. Jan. 15, 1862, Resigned Dec. 
 
 II, 1863. 
 Surgeon Inter S. Clark, com. First Assistant Surgeon, 
 
 March i, 1863. Promoted Surgeon Dec. 11, 1863. 
 
 Term e.vpired Sept. 5, 1864. 
 
 26th Infantry. 
 
 Mcintosh Wm. a. Aug.ii;,'62, disd. Apl.i6,'6s, term ex. 
 Messinger Jer. e. Jan. i, '64, m.o. July 2o,'65, as Sergt. 
 
 28th Consolidated Infantry. 
 
 Wyatt Wm. e. Dec. 4, 1863, m. o. March 15, 1866. 
 
 33d Infantry. 
 
 Catlin F. A. e. Aug. 21, 1861, re-enlisted as vet., m. o. 
 
 Nov. 24, i86s. 
 Crocker C. M. r, Aug. 21, '61, disd. Aug. 19, '64, disab. 
 Corwin W. F. i. Aug. 21, i85i, m. o. Jan. i, 1863. 
 Mur ay F. M. e. Aug. 21, '61, died at home, Dec. 8, '63. 
 Whitney H. A. e. Aug. 21, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. m. 
 
 o. Nov. 24, 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 39th Infantry. 
 
 Nasson Adam C- e. Nov. 19, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 Jan. I, 1864, disd. Jan. 16, 1865. 
 
 42d Infantry. 
 
 Chaplain G. L. S. Staff, com. July 22, 1861. Resigned 
 Sept. IS, 1864. 
 
 54th Infantry. 
 
 Davidson Daniel, e. March i, 1865, m. o. Oct. 15. 1865. 
 Renow Wm. F. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Oct. 15, 1865. 
 Winter Jas. B. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Oct. 15, 1865. 
 
 55th Infantry. 
 
 Captain Nicholas Augasen, e. Oct. 8, i86i. Promoted 
 Corporal, then Second Lieutenant Co. H.July i, 
 
 1862. Promoted Captain Feb. 9, 1863. Mustered 
 out June 17, 1865. 
 
 64th Infantry. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Geo. A. Caine, com. Dec, 16, 1861. 
 Resigned Sept. 3, 1862. 
 
 64th Infantry. 
 
 Wright Richard, e. Sept. 14, '61, deserted April 14, '62. 
 
 65th Infantry (Three Months). 
 
 Heryin Wm. e. March 31, 1864, m. o. July 13, 1865. 
 McLean Locklin, e. March 31, 1864, m. o. July 13, '65. 
 Shephard Ewd. e. March 31, 1S64, m. o. July 13, 1865. 
 
 Surgeon Azro E. 
 signed Aug. 7 
 
 108th Infantry. 
 
 Goodwin, coiii. Feb. 28, 
 
 I32d Infantry (100 Days). 
 
 Quartermaster Hiram R. Enoch, com. May 4, 1864, 
 
 m. o. Oct. 17, 1864. 
 Corpl. Henry E. Hurd, e. May 17, '64, m.o. Oct. 17, '64. 
 Corpl. Wm. A. Miller, e.May 19, 1864, m.o. Oct. 17, '64. 
 Wagoner Hiram H. Hurd, e.Mayi7,'64, m.o.Oct.17,'64. 
 
 134th Infantry. 
 
 Sergt. H. S. Quackenbush, e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 
 
 25, 1864, as ist Sergt. 
 Garland Edwin, e. May 12, 1864, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 Corpl. Wm. P. Brown, e. Mav 16, '64, m.o. Oct. 25, '64. 
 Andrews Dexter, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 J)ame Geo. E. e. May 26, 1864, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 Farnum F. L. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 Fitzsimmons C. H. e. May 14, '64, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 Gerber Henry, e. May 11, 1864, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 Moore Clement, e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 Torrey David, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 25, 1864. 
 
 140th Infantry (100 Days). 
 
 First Sergt. O'Car L. Davis, e. April 28, 1864, m. o. 
 
 Oct. 29, 1864. 
 Corpl. W. F. Sawyer, e. May 20, 1864, Oct. 29, 1864. 
 Paddock S. D. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. 
 Thorn A. C. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. 
 
 I42d Infantry (100 Days). 
 
 Mealio Aug. W. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. 
 Merrill W. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26. 1864. 
 Monteith J. D. S. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. 
 Murdaugh Thos. e. May i, 1864, died at Chicago, 
 
 Oct. 9, 1864. 
 Shields Jos. W. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. 
 Smith Jacob, e. May 24, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. 
 Wilson Chas. M. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. 
 
 I5lst Infantry (One Year). 
 
 Second Asst. Surg. Frederick Cole, com. March 13, 
 1865, m. o. Jan. 24, 1866. 
 
 I52d Infantry (One Year). 
 
 First Asst. Surg. Edward P. Catlin, com. Feb. 25, '65, 
 m. o. Sept. II, 1865. 
 
 154th Infantry (One Year). 
 
 Lier.t. Col. Moses C. Brown, com. Feb. 22, 1865, dis- 
 honorably dismissed May 18, 1S65. 
 
 156th Infantry (One Year). 
 
 Kelly John, e. Feb. 24, 1865, deserted March 14, 1865. 
 
 Keele Wm. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 20, 1865. 
 
 Mount Josiah H. e. March 2, 1S65, m. o. Sept. 20, '65. 
 
 Mount James H. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 20, '65. 
 
 Mooney Jas. C. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 20, 1865. 
 
 William Levi M. e. March 2, 1865, sick at m. o. legt. 
 
 First Lieutenant Jabez Jennings, e. Feb. 28, 1865, 
 com. Second Lieutenant, but not mustered. Mus- 
 tered out Sept. 20, 1865, as First Sergeant. 
 
 Second Lieutenant B. G. Jennings, e. Feb. 28, 1865. 
 Promoted Second Lieutenant June 28, 1865. Mus- 
 tered out Sept. 20, 1865. 
 
 Corpl. A. C. Thorne, e. Feb. 28, '65, m. o. Sept. 28, '65. 
 
 Corpl. Enoch Marchant, e. Feb.28,'65, m.o. Sept. 28, '65. 
 
 Corpl. T. G. Holcomb, e. Feb. 28, '65, m.o. Sept. 28, '65. 
 
 Lane E. F. e. Feb. 28, 1865, m. o. Sept. 28, 1865. 
 
 Zimmer Jacob S. e. teb. 28, 1865, m. c. Aug. 25, 1865. 
 
 Zimmer Wm. W. e. Feb. 28, 1865, m. o. Sept. 20, 1865 
 
 Corpl. Chas, Thomas, e. Feb. 27, '65, m.o. Sept, 2o,'65 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAB RECORD. 
 
 343 
 
 8th Cavalry. 
 
 The 8th Cavalry was organized at St. Charles, Sept., 
 i86i,byCol. J. F. Farnsworth. October, moved to 
 Washington, D. C, and operated in Virginia, and was 
 in many engagements, inchiding Manasas, battles of 
 Peninsula, Antietam, etc , etc. Was in advance of 
 Army of Potomac in fall of 1862. Loss, 29 killed ; 71 
 wounded ; 20 missing. During the campaign of 186 j, 
 was in some 25 enijagements and skirmishes. Loss, 2^ 
 killed; 115 wounded; and 57 missing. Was muUered 
 out at Benton Barracks, Mo., July 17, 1865. 
 
 ' Company A. 
 
 Bucker Geo. W. e. Nov. 6, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Cheeney H. W. e. Jan. t6, 1864, m. o. June 20, 1865. 
 Harr J>>hn, e. Dec. 9, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 McManus Chas. e. Nov. 30, 1863, m.o. July 17, 1865. 
 Milligan John J. e. Jan. 22, 1S64, trans, to Co. H, m.o. 
 Aug. 7, 1865. 
 
 Company B. 
 
 Andrew Andre, e. Hct. 3, 1864, m.o. July 17, 1865. 
 Atwood Hiram, e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Allison Jas. B. e. Dec. 5, '63, disd. May 18, i865,disab. 
 Bruner Jos. e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o July 17, 1865. 
 Collins Geo. e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1805. 
 Coop Peter, e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Chase John, e. Oct. 3, 1864. m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Egaleston Wm. e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Gillespie Jas. e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Hatch A. e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17. 1865. 
 Johnson Chas e. Aug. 3, 1864, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Kent E. e. Feb. g, 1865, m. o. July 8, 1865. 
 Ludwig Christian, e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Morse Job, e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Montgomery John. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m. o. July 17,1865. 
 Peterson Perry W. e. Sept. 23, 1864, m.o. June 21, '65. 
 Wiley John M. e. Jan. 5, 1864, m.o. July 17, '65, Corpl. 
 Wright Chas. P. e. Oct. 3, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Wood Jas. e. Oct. 3, 1S64, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Company E. 
 
 First Lieutenant Amasa E. Dana, com. Second Lieu- 
 tenant Sept. 10, 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant 
 Dec. 5, 1862. Resigned July 4, 1864. 
 
 Company F. 
 
 First Lieutenant Edward S. Smith, com. Sept. 18,1861. 
 Resigned. 
 
 Thatcher Wm. H. e. Oct. 1,1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 Nov. 30,'63, died at Washington, D.C., Mch.12,'64. 
 
 Company L. 
 
 Captain Amasa E. Dana, com. Firt Lieutenant Sept. 
 18, 1861. Promoted Captain Jan. 8, 1862. Re- 
 signed July 5, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant Aaron W. Runkle, com. Second Lieu- 
 tenant Sept. 18, 1864. Promoted First Lieutenant 
 Dec. 18, 1864. Drowned June 28, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Austin C. Lowry, e. as First Ser- 
 geant Aug. 31, i86i. Promoted Second Lieutenant 
 Jan. 8, 1862. Resigned July 15, 1862. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Benj. F. Lee, e. as private. Pro- 
 moted Sergeant, then Second Lieutenant, Dec. 28, 
 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
 
 Sergt. Job Trenholm, e. Sept. 16, 1861, disd. Nov. 7, 
 1861, disab. 
 
 Corpl. J. E. Richardson, e. Sept. 17, 1861, Sergt., disd. 
 Sept. 18, 1863. for promotion in col'd regt. 
 
 Corpl. Levi Obidere, e. Sept. 17, i86i,disd. Oct. 6, '62. 
 
 Corpl. Chauncy Consulus, e. Sept. 12, 1861, re-enlisted 
 as vet. Nov. 30, 1863, m.o. July 17, 1865, Sergt. 
 
 Bugler Jas. H. Ewing, e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Sept. 26, 
 1864, term ex. 
 
 Aikens Henry, e. Sept. 7, 1861. re-enlisted as vet. Nov. 
 
 30, 1863, m.o. July 17, 1865, as Corpl. 
 Bealzler Peter, e. Sept. 14, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. Nov. 
 
 30, 1863, m.o. July 17, 1865, as blacksmith. 
 Calkins Frank, e. Aug. 30, 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1865. 
 Dunham Chas. L. e. Sept. 12, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Nov. 30, 1S63, m. o. July 17, 1865, as blacksmith. 
 
 Davis John E. e. Sept. 16, 1861, deserted Sept. i, 1862. 
 Dodge Sam'l S. e. Sept. 17. '61, disd. Aug. 12, '62, wds. 
 Evans Jas. e. Sept. 13, 1861, kid. Beyerly Ford, Va., 
 
 June 9, 1863. 
 Evans David, e. Sept. 13, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Nov. 30, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865, as Sergt. 
 Fish Robt. e. Sept. 16, 1861. died June 21, 1862. 
 Fish Geo. e. Sept. 16, 1861, disd. Sept. 26, 1864. 
 Force A. C. e. Sept 16, 1861. 
 Horton R. C e. Sept. 7, 1861, kid. Culpepper, Va., 
 
 Nov. 8, 1863. 
 McLain L. e. Sept. 3, 1861, disd. May 10, 1862. 
 Piatt Chas. e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. May 4, 1862. 
 Peasley Jas. J. e. Sept. 17, i86r, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Nov. 30, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Sniveley Wm. R. e. Sept, 17, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Nov. 30, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Armsby Jas. K. e. Sept. 30, 1861. 
 
 Archer Geo e. Sept. 30, '61, m.o. Sept. 28, '64, as Sergt. 
 Burke Luke, e. Sept. 23. 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Baird Martin L. e. Sept. 26, 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Bennett Eugene S. e. Jan. 26, 1864. m. o. July 17,1865. 
 Briggs K. J. e. Feb. 26, 1864, died March 15, 1865. 
 Case Mahlon, e. Feb. i, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Dunning Geo. e. Sept. 26, 1862, re-enlisted as vet. Nov. 
 
 30, 1863, mo. July 17, 1865. 
 Greely Chas. F. e. Sept. 26, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. 
 Hawn Peter, e. Sept. 26, i85i, re-enlisted as vet. Nov. 
 
 30, 1863, m. o. July 1,, 1865. 
 Mesick Jacob, e. Nov. 10, 1863, m. o. July 17, '65, vet. 
 McConnell Orlando, e. Dec. 21, 1863, m.o. July 17, '65. 
 Piatt Augustus, e. Sept. 30, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 
 Jan. I, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1S65, as Sergt. 
 Packard James H. e. Jan. 26, 1864, m. o. July 17, '65. 
 Rumelhart Geo. e. Jan 20, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Steele O. J. e. Sept. 26, 1861, disd. May 4, 1862. 
 Strail H. A. e. Sept. 26, 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Steele Andrew J. e. Sept. 26, 1861, m. o. June 21, '65. 
 Welty Calvin, e. Oct. 1, 1862, re-enlistcd as vet. Jan. 
 
 I, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865, as Co. Q. M. Sergt. 
 Welty Jeff, e. Jan. 20, 1862. m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Company M. 
 
 Captain John Austin, com. Sept. 18, 1861. Resigned. 
 Captain Andrew J. Martin, cum. First Lieutenant 
 
 Sept. 18, i85i. Commissioned Captain March 2, 
 
 1862. Resigned Oct. 24, 1862. 
 Captain John Sargent, com. Second Lieutenant Nov. 
 
 1, 1862. Promoted First Lieutenant April 27, '64. 
 Promoted Captain July 8, 1864. Mustered out 
 July 17, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant Elisha Brown, e. as First Sergeant 
 Sept. 3, 1861. Promoted First Lieutenant March 
 
 2, 1862. Dishonorably discharged April 27, 1864. 
 First Lieutenant Adam C. Fowler, e. as veteran Nov. 
 
 30, 1863. Promoted First Sergeant ; then .Second 
 Lieutenant, April 27, 1864. Promoted First Lieu- 
 tenant July 8, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
 
 Co. Q. M. Sergt. N. H. Putnam, e. Sept. 3, 1861, re- 
 enlisted as vet. Jan. i, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Sergt. Robt. Van Sickler, e. Sept. 3, 1861, di.sd. April 
 17, 1862, disab. 
 
 Sergt. H. M. Skinner, e. Sept. 3, 1861, disd. April 17, 
 1862, disab. 
 
 Sergt. Wm. Putnam, e. Sept. 3, 1861, re-enlisted as vet. 
 Jan. 1, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. H. Skeel, e. Sept. 17 1861, disd. Dec. 14, 
 i86r, disab. 
 
 Collins Chas. e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. Oct. 18, '62, disab. 
 Crawford A. E. e. Sept. 17, 1861, vet., m. o. July 17, 
 
 1865, as wagoner. '^ 
 
 Deane S. F. e. S pt.17,'61, vet., m. o. July I7.'65. Sgt. 
 Deane Chester H. e. Sept. 17, '61, vet., m. o. July 17, 
 
 1865, as Corpl. 
 Fuller E. B. e. Sept. 12, '61, vet., m.o. July 17, '65, Corpl. 
 Fader N. e. Sept. 9, 1861, vet., m. o.July 17, '65, Coipl. 
 Fisher David A. e. Sept. 3, 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864, 
 
 as ist Sergt. 
 John Kimb-r L. e. Sept. 9, 1861, vet., m. o. July 17, 
 
 1865, as ist Sergt. 
 John Cephas D. e. Sept. g. '61, disd. Dec 7, '61, disab . 
 McCuUoch Isaac, e. Sept. 11, '61, m.o. Sept. 28, '64, Sgt. 
 McCasger Tyrus, e. Sept. 3, '61, disd. May, '62, disab. 
 Morreli Amos, e. Sept. 3, i86r, disd. in 1863, disab. 
 Pickering G. M. e. Sept. 17, 1861, sick at m. o. regt. 
 Swan Lyman, e. Sept. 11, '61, disd. Dec. 29, '62, disab. 
 Stiles Wm. D. e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. Sept. 26,'62, disab' 
 
344 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAB RECORD. 
 
 Taffemire W. e. Sept. 3, 1861, vet., m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Temple Chas. A. e. Sept. 15, '61, disd.Feb.i5,'62.disab. 
 Young Alexander, e. Sept. 17, 1861, ni. o. July 17, '65. 
 Boyingtoii Robt. e. -Sepi. 23, '61, disd. Mch. 6, '62,Sergt. 
 
 Brown Frederick, e. , m. o. Sept. 28, 1864, Sergt. 
 
 Babcock I'.enj. e. Sept. 23. 1861, disd. Oct. 7, '62,disab. 
 Burritt Rufiis H. e. Feb. 3, 181^4, m. o. July 17, 1S65. 
 Bryan \Vm. N. e. Dec. 14, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Barber H. E.e. Dec. 3, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865 
 Brown Hiram K e. Nov 20, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Barnes Horace, e. Feb. 23, 1864, died June 2, 1864. 
 Burdick Henry, e. Sept. 2, 1863, kid. Nov. 11, 1864. 
 Bartlett Frank I', e. Sept. 2, 1864, m. o. June 21, 1865. 
 Clark Jas. M. e. Sept. 25, 1S61, m. o. Sept 28, 1864. 
 Crooker Philip, e. Sept. 25, '63, disd. Oct. 18, '62,disab. 
 Campbell Frank H. e. .Sept. 21, 1861, re-enlistci.1 as Vet. 
 Crooker A. K. e. Sept. 23, 18 i, m. o. Sep:. 28, 1864. 
 Capp John F. e. Sept. 20, 1861. disd. in 1863, disab. 
 Carson A. I . e. Feb. 1, 1864, Vet., m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Clark Benj. <:. Sept. 5, 1864, m. o. June 22, 1S65. 
 Chamberlain Day W. e. Spt. 5, 1864, m. o. June 21, '65. 
 Dennison E. A. e. Sept. 25, 1S61, disd. Feb. 28, '— ,disab. 
 Davis Wm. H. e. Feb. 8, 1864, disd. May 26, '65, di^ab. 
 Easterley H. E. e. Sept. 3, 1864, kid. Nov. 11, 1864. 
 Felmy Wm. S. e. Sept. 23, 1861, di^a. in 1862, disab. 
 Fuller E. B. e. Feb. 26, 1865, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Goodwin Wm., e. Aug. 24, 1864, m. o. June 21, 1865, 
 
 Blacksmith. 
 Hoges Edward, e. Sept. 30, i86i, died in Libby prison. 
 
 Dec. 30, 1863, while prisoner of war. 
 Hewlett Luke, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Hodges Benj. e. Feb. 20, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Hemenway S. S. e. Dec. 2, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Hays Geo. e. Feb. 22, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Hemenway Jacob C. e. Dec. 2, 1863, disd. Sept. 13, 
 
 1864, disab. 
 
 Hewett Samuel, e. Sept. 2, 1S64, ra. o. June 21. 1865. 
 Hudson Wm. e. Sept 23, 1864, m. o. June 21, 1865. 
 Kesler Michael, e. Sept. 20, '61, disd. Feb. 15, '62, disab. 
 Knapp Chas. e. Dec. 28, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Kilburn Jas. H. e. Sept. i, 1863, m. o. June 21, 1865. 
 Luck Christian, e. Sept. 6, 1864, m. o. June 21 1865. 
 Mills Geo. e. Sept. 22, 1861, m. o. Wet. 11, 1S65. 
 Makepeace Wm. e. Sept. 20, 1861, Vet., m.o.July 17, '65. 
 Neimier Henry, e. Sept. 6, 1864, m. o. June 21, 1865. 
 Preston Chas. W. e. Sept. 22, 1S61, died at Anderson- 
 
 ville prison, March 8, 1864. 
 Palmer Chas. e. Dec. 8, 1863, Vet., m. o. July 17, 1865, 
 
 as Corpl. 
 Peterson H. e. Feb. 10, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Prescott Chas. e. Jan. 29, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Page Russell L. e. Sept. 2, 1864, m. o. June 21, 1865. 
 Redington C. H. e. Sept. i, '64. m. o. June 21, '65, sub. 
 Redington D. A. e. Aug. 16, 1864, m. o. June 21, 1865. 
 Skinner M. H., disd. in 1861. disab. 
 Smith Jos. S. e. Dec. 9, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865, Vet. 
 Smith Wm. H. e. Dec. 21, 1863, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 Stile Win. D. e. Dec. 28, 1863. m.o.July 17, 1865. Vet. 
 Seaton Willard, e. Dec. 30, 1863, died Fee. 27, 1864. 
 Schinimel^fliming F. e. Sept. 6, 1864, m. o. June 21, '65. 
 Turkington Saml A. e. Sept. 23, '61, disd. Dec. 4, '62. 
 Wilson Jared, e. Sept. 20, 1861, Vet., m. o. July 17, 
 
 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 Wattles Orlando, e. Sept. 2, '64, ra. o. June 21, '65, sub. 
 
 Baker Jno. W. e. Sept. 28, 1864, rejected. 
 
 Dillen Jas. e. Sept. 26, 1864. 
 
 Driver M. e. Sept. 6, 1864. 
 
 Field Thos. R. e. Sept. 26, 1864. 
 
 Fisher Wm. e. Sept. 2, 1864. 
 
 Hays Gilbert, e. Sept. 6, 1864, sub. 
 
 Lombard Thos. e. Sept. 26, 1864. 
 
 Rhoades M. e. Jan. 5, 1864. 
 
 lltJi Cavalry, 
 
 Company I. 
 
 Courson Edwin B. e. Feb. 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865, 
 
 as Corpl, 
 Courson Jno. R. e. Feb. 8, '65, m o. Sept. 30*65, Corpl. 
 Frazer Wm. B. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Hopkins Luther S. e. Veh. 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Hoffman A. M. e. Feb. 6. 1865, m. o. May 17, 1865. 
 Latham Henry A. e. Feb. 6. 1865, ni. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Levings Thos. G. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Levings Geo. W. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. May. 27, 1865. 
 Mohr A. D. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Mayes Ja.^. O. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 
 Ogilby Edw. L. e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Rorebeck C. H. e. Feb. 6. 1865. m. o. Sept. 30, 186,. 
 Taylor Jas. ^L e. March 3, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Wheeler Frank, e. March 3, 1S65, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 
 Company L. 
 
 Atkinson John M. e. Feb. 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Bettis Augustus, e. Feb. 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865, 
 Bryden Jas. W. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Brown S. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Brisigs Frederick, e Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. .Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Barker Hiram A. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30. 1865. 
 Collins Henry, e. Feb. 7, 18^5 m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Condon M. .\. i. Feb. 27, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30 1865. 
 {^ook Samuel, e. Feb. 6, 1865, m. o. .May 18, 1865.' 
 Corcoran John e. Feb. 27, 1865, m. n. Sept. 30. 1S65. 
 Eastman Samuel, e. Feb. 17, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Gokev Jos. e. Feb. 7, 1B65, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Henry Merritt,e. Feb. 7. 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Martin Horace E. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Moon Theron, e. Feb. 7. 180!;. m. o. May 24, 1865. 
 Twogo'^d R. B. e. Feb. 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Wishl u'-n H. C. e. Feb. 7, 1865. m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 Whalen Daniel, e. Feb. 27, 1865, m. o, Sept. 30, 1865. 
 
 11th Caralry. 
 
 Company M, 
 
 McMillan D. L. e. Feb. 14, 1865, m.o. Sept. io, 1865. 
 McRae Martin, e. Feb. 13, 1S65, m. o. Sept. 30, 1865. 
 
 Darville John C. e. Jan. 25, 1865, m.o. May 23, 1865. 
 Eaton Jos. e. Jan. 31, 1S65, disd. May 21, 1865. 
 Emerson D. F. e. Jan. 31, 1865, disd. May 21, 1865. 
 McAvoy Frank, e. Jan. 25, 1865. 
 Pitney Wm. J. e. Feb. 13, 1865. 
 
 12th Cavalry. 
 
 Was organized by Col. Aro Voss, in March, 1862, and 
 mustered into the United States' service Feb. 1st, and 
 proceeded immediately to Virginia and immediately 
 participated in several minor engagements, in all of 
 which the Twelfth came out victorious. At Harper's 
 Ferry, when the pi. ice was entirely surroundeil, the 
 Twelfth had permission to cut through the enemy's 
 lines, which it did, and surprised and captured 112 
 wagons loaded with ammunition and provisions, 100 
 beef cattle, and 50 prisoners. The loss of the regiment 
 in this brilliant feat was 50 men. The Twelfth was 
 constantly on the move, harrassing the enemy and cap- 
 turing its trains, and picking up small bands of the 
 enemy. It shared in the following battles : Aldie, 
 June 20, 1863 ; Upperville, June 22d ; Gettysburg, 
 luly ist, 2d, and 3d ; Boonesboro, July 5th ; Burevola, 
 July 7th; Funkstown, luly 8th; Williamsport, July 
 loth ; Jones' Cross Roads, July nth; Falling Waters, 
 July 17th; Chester Gap, July 28th; Rappahannock, Aug. 
 3d ; Culpepper C. H., Aug. 24th ; Raccoon Ford, 
 Aug. 27th ; Madison C.H., Sept. 12th ; Germania Ford, 
 Oct. loth ; Stevensburg, Oct. 13th; and Brentsville, 
 Oct. 17th. 
 
 At the close of the campaign of 1S63, the reg ment 
 was sent to Chicago, to recruit and reorganize. It im- 
 mediately filled to ma.\imum, and on Feb. 9, 1864, left 
 for St. Louis, 1,250 strong. It thence moved to New 
 Orle.ins, and joined in the Red River expedition. Was 
 in action at Alexandria, La., Markville, Yellow Bayou, 
 and Morgamzia. Returned to New Orleans June ist ; 
 thence to Napoleor.ville, La. In October, marched to 
 Baton Rouge. Was moved to Vicksbiirg, Memphis, 
 into Arkansas, and through Northern Louisiana, and 
 back to Memphis, Feb. 14, 1865, during which time it 
 had many encounters with the enemy, doing noble ser- 
 vice for its country. Here 120 officers and 200 men left 
 the regiment, on account of expiration of service, and 
 the regiment was reduced to eight companies. 
 
 The Twelfth continued to do effective service until 
 May 29, 1866, when it was mustered out of service. 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Captain Philip E. Fisher, com. First Lieutenant Feb. 
 28, 1862, Promoted Captain Sept. 4, 1862. Dis- 
 charged for promotion Jan. 27, 1864. 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY WAB EECOKl). 
 
 345 
 
 First Lieutenant Jos. E.Fisher, c. as private Dec. i, 
 1861. Promoted Sergeant, then First Lieutenant, 
 Jan. 27, 1864. Term expired Ahirch 2, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Frederick Blaisdell, e. as First Ser- 
 geant Dec. 14, 1861. Promoted Second Lieutenant 
 Sept. 4, 1862. Resigned Jan. 2, 1864. 
 
 Sergt. H. B. Woodruflf, e. Nov. 29, i86i, disd. March 
 10, 1864, disab. 
 
 Sergt. E. H. Newton, e. Jan. 5, '62, trans. Inv. Corps. 
 
 Sergt. Ashley Alexander, e. Dec. 5, 1861. 
 
 Sergt. Horace Pomeroy, e. Dec. 13, '6i, deserted June 
 29, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Wm. C. Redline,e. Nov. 29, 1861, vet., m. o. 
 March i, 1866. 
 
 Corpl. Henry Adams, e. Jan. 8, 1862, vet. 
 
 Corpl. F. Hubar, e. Dec. 4, 1861, vet. 
 
 Corpl. Fred. Repper, e. Dec. 15, i86i,disd. May, 1862. 
 
 Corpl. Edgar Davis, e. Jan. 7, 1862, vet., discharge 
 not given. 
 
 ■Corpl.A.B.F.Dobbs, e.Dec.g, '61, deserted June 27, '62. 
 
 Bugler H. C. Schermerhorn, e. Feb. iS, 1862, prmt. 
 Chief Bugler, m. o. by order War Depc. 
 
 Bugler Henry Harte, e. Dec. 15, 1861. 
 
 Farrier H. M. Blaisdell, e. Dec. 8, '61. disd. Nov., '62. 
 
 Aldrich Alva C. e. Nov. 8, 1861, disd. Feb. 19, 1863. 
 
 Abbott Jas. e. Dec. 26, 1861, vet. 
 
 Be^sy Anson, e. Nov. 13, 1861, deserted June i, 1862. 
 
 Byers John, e. May 29, 1861, m. o. INIarch 17, 1865. 
 
 Collins Wm. e. Jan. 7, 1861, vet., deserted Dec. 5, '65. 
 
 Davis Oliver, e. Feb. 28, 1862. 
 
 Dyer Edw. e. Feb. 28, 1862, disd. March, 1863. 
 
 Gle.ison Jesse A. e. Nov. 8, 1861, deserted June, 1862. 
 
 HoUenbeck T. e. Nov. 16, 1861. 
 
 HoUenbeck Rival, e. Nov. 8, 1861, vet. 
 
 Handhn Franklin, e. Dec. 4, 1861. 
 
 Heald i hos. R. e. Feb. 2, 1862, prmt. veterinary surg. 
 
 Henderson Zina, e. Feb. 28, 1862, disd. March, 1863. 
 
 Kathan N. H. e. Feb. 28, '62, disd. Mar. 10, '64, disab. 
 
 Mo.^her S. V. e. Nov. 8, 1861, disd. May, 1862. 
 
 Mitchell Noah, e. Nov. 16, 1861, died Sept. 4, '62. vv'ds. 
 
 Murry John, e. Jan. i, 1862. 
 
 Perry Geo. W. e. Dec. 21, '61, vet., disd. Oct. 2,'64, 'disab. 
 
 Rodd Wm. e. Jan. 6, 1862, disd. October, 1862. 
 
 Ready Jos. C. e. Jan. 27, '62, vet., deserted July 22, '65. 
 
 Stedsan L). I), e. Dec. 23, 1861, m. o. March 20, 1865, 
 
 term ex. 
 Winters Wm. e. Dec. 16, 1861. 
 Wyman Chas. L. e. Jan. 8, 1862. 
 
 Atkins Louis, e. Dec. 24, 1861, disd. Aug. 28, 1864. 
 Blown Elliott L. e. Dec. 12, 1863, m. o. Alay 29, 1866. 
 Cormin Odel H. e. Dec. 12, 1S63, died Oct. 8, 1864. 
 Champaign P. e. Aug. 12, 1862. 
 Crowel H. C. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 16, 1865. 
 Campbell Wm. A. e. Dec. 11, '63, deserted July 25, '65. 
 Cutler James, e. Dec. 8, 1S63, m. o. May 29, 1866. 
 Conger John D. e. Dec. 11, '63, disd. April 13, '65, disab. 
 
 Dean Martin, , disd. Dec. 1S62, disab. 
 
 Davis Isaac F. e. May i, '62, disd. .April 30, '65, disab. 
 
 Dobson (jeo. e. Sept. 26, 1862. 
 
 Dob;ion Thos. e. Sept. 25, 1862. 
 
 Eastman Thos. V. e. Dec. 20, 1863. 
 
 Elliott Merritt, e. Dec. 12, 1863, m. o. May 29, 1866. 
 
 Fisher John L. e. Aug. 12, '62, disd. April 18, '63,di'-ab. 
 
 Griffin Geo. W. e. April 4, '62, died Aug. 18, 1864, wds. 
 
 Griiues Jas. T. e. Aug. 19, 1862, m. o. June 16, 1865. 
 
 Goodwill Silas, e. Aug. 19, 1862. 
 
 Handlin John, e. May 1,62, disd. April 30, '65, term ex. 
 
 Haight W. S. e. Aug. 27,1862, disd. March, 1863, disab. 
 
 Hill Lorenzo, e. Dec. 11, 1863, drowned Dec. 22, 1864. 
 
 Knapp Chas. L. e. March 5, 1863. 
 
 Loun Perry, e. June 16, 1862, died at New Orleans, 
 
 Jan. 5, 1865. 
 Lyon Oliver, e. April. 
 
 McClintock Robt. e. Sept. i, m. o. June 16, 1865. 
 Nash Chester, e. Aug. i, 1862, m. o. June 16, 1865. 
 Patten James, e. Aug. 12, 1862. 
 
 Patten Samuel, e. Aug. 29, 1862, m. o. June 16, 1865. 
 Patten Lyman E. e. Aug. 29, 1862, m. o. June 17, 1865. 
 Parks )ohn F. e. Nov. 3, 1862, prisoner of war since 
 
 May, 1863, no other record. 
 Proudtit A. J. e. June 16, 1862, deserted March, 1863. 
 Pittinger Chas. e. Dec. 11, 1863. 
 Rose Thos. C. e. Sept. 29, 1864, m. o. June 16, 1865. 
 Rogers Oscar, e. Aug. 16, i86i', died April 26, 1864. 
 Snare Chas. W. e. Nov. i, 1862, m. o. Oct. 31, 1805. 
 Smith C. e. Oct. 30, 1802, deserted Dec. 5, 1865. 
 Sanders Thos. e. Dec. 12, '63, disd. July 16, i864,disab. 
 
 Townsend Samuel B. e. Aug.i6, 1862, died Aug.11,'64. 
 
 Tunison David K. e. Nov. i, 1862, m. o. June ifi, 1865. 
 
 Vandyke John C. e. April 25, 1863. 
 
 Ward N. S. e. Aug. 26, 1862. 
 
 Williams Lester W. e. June 23, '62, desertedAug.20, '64 
 
 Company D. 
 
 Boiick L. D. e. Dec. 29, 1863, disd. for disab. 
 Fitzgerald Matthew, e. April 6, '63, m. o. April 5, 1866. 
 Smith Henry, e. Aprils, 1863. 
 
 Company K. 
 
 Hamlin David P. e. Nov. 21, '63, deserted July 21, 1865. 
 
 12th Cavalry, 
 
 Hamsil Robt. e. Dec. 17, 1863, m. o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 
 Higgenbottom J. e. Dec. 28, '63, deserted Sept, 11, '64. 
 
 Jenkins Frank, e. March 12, 1863. disd. 
 
 Lee Samuel, e. March 12, 1863, deserted. 
 
 Maxwell Thos. e. Dec. 9, 1863, m. o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 
 Neil Thos. e. Dec. 9, 1863. 
 
 Naylor John, e. Dec. 28, 1863. 
 
 Orr F. D. e. Dec. 28, 1863. 
 
 Quackenbush Geo. W. e. Dec. 15, 1S63. 
 
 Randall Jonas M. e. Dec. 29, 1863. 
 
 Yotall Moses, e. Dec. 15, 1863. 
 
 12th Cavali'y (Consolidated.) 
 
 Second Lieutenant Robert Canfield, e. as Corporal. 
 Mustered out May 29, 1866, as Sergeant. Com- 
 missioned Second Lieutenant, but not mustered. 
 
 17th Cavalry, 
 
 The Seventeenth Cavalry Regiment Illinois Volun- 
 teers was organized under special authority from the 
 War Department, issued Aug. 12, 1863, to Hon. John 
 F. Farnsworth. 'i"he rendezvous w.is established at St. 
 Charles, Kane County,' Illinois. By the approval of 
 the Governor of the State, the Colonelcy of the Regi- 
 ment was offered John L. Beveridge, then Major in the 
 Eighth Illinois Cavalry, who assumed the work of re- 
 cruitment and organization, and opened the rendezvous 
 Nov. 15, 1863. tight companies were mustered in Jan. 
 22, 1864. Four other companies were mustered in and 
 the organization of the Regiment completed, Feb. 12, 
 1864. The Regiment was sent to Jelilerson Barracks, 
 Mo., where 1,100 sets of horse equipmer.ts were re- 
 ceived. From there it moved to Alton, 111., and re- 
 lieved the Thirieenth Illinois Cavalry in guarding the 
 Military Prison at that place. 
 
 Early in June following, the First Battalion was or- 
 dered to St. Louis, and the Second Battalion followed 
 immediately. Both being fully mounted were ordered 
 at onci to North Missouri District. The First Battal- 
 ion, Lieutenant Colonel Dtmiis J. Hynes commanding, 
 proceeded to ^t. Joseph, Mo., where the commanding 
 officer reported in person to General Fisk, commanding 
 District of North Missouri. The Second Battalion, 
 Major Lucius C. Matlack commanding, was assigned 
 by General C. B. Fisk to the post ot Glasgow, Mo. 
 From this period, for four months, the three battalions 
 were separate and remote from each other, and so ex- 
 tended were their movements, that it is impossible to 
 follow them in this brief sketch. They seem to have 
 been all over Missouri after Price's and Jeff. Thompson's 
 Guerilla Bands, following them into Kansas and Arkan- 
 sas, doing most efficient service. 
 
 Major Philip E. Fisher, com. Jan. 27, 1864. Resigned 
 Feb. 18, 1864. 
 
 Company B. 
 
 Corpl. Mat. Decota, e. Nov. 17, 1863, m. o. Dec. 15, 
 1865, Farrier. 
 
 Company D. 
 
 Hunt Wm. J. e. Sept. 28, 1864, m. o. July 5, 1865. 
 Hunt Robt. e. Sept. 28, 1864, m. o. July 5, 1865. 
 Vascoy Van Rennsalaer,e.Sept.28,'t)4, m.o. July 2i,'65. 
 
346 
 
 WINNEBAGO COtJNTY WAB RECORD. 
 
 Uompany E. 
 
 Henry Jas. e. Sept. 24, 1864, m. o. July 21, 1865. 
 Murray John, e. Oct. 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 14, 1865. 
 Turner J. e. Oct. i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 5, 1865. 
 Walze Geo. e. Oct. i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 5, 1865. 
 
 Company F. 
 
 Smith J. R. e. Dec. 29, 1S63, m. o. Nov. 13, 1865. 
 Brock Geo. e. Sept. 24, 1864, disd. term expired. 
 Isbell H. H. e. Sept. 24, 1864, m. o. May 15, 1865. 
 Orr F. D. m. o. Dec. 18, 1865, blacksmith. 
 
 Company H. 
 
 . Resigned 
 1863, m. o. 
 
 1863, disd. 
 
 Captain ,Wm. Hebard, com. Jan. 22, iS 
 
 Dec. 9 1864. 
 First Sergt. Alvin S. Butler, e. Nov. 
 
 Dec. 15, 1865, Sergt. 
 Com. Sergt. Chas. H. Simpson, e. Nov. 
 
 Dec. 24, 1864, Sergt. 
 Laird Albert G. e. Dec. 15, '63, m.o. Dec. i5.'65,bugler. 
 Young Chas. Hen. y, e. Dec. 12,63, deserted Sept. 22, '65. 
 Yo.vall Moses, died May 2, 1864. 
 
 Company K. 
 
 Captain Geo. Stratton, com. Jan. 25, 1864. Resigned 
 
 May 17, 1865. 
 Second Liiutenant Albert S. Phelps, e. as Sergeant. 
 
 Promoted Second Lieutenant June 29, 1865. Mus- 
 tered out Dec. 22, 1865. 
 First Sergt. Sidney G. Smith, e. Dec. 11, 1863, m. o. 
 
 Dec. 22, 1865, Sergt. 
 Q. M. Sergt. Wm. Whitbeck, e. Dec. i, 1863, First 
 
 Sergt., disd. for promotion in Col'd Troops. 
 Com. Sergt. Egbert Phillips, e. Dec. 30, 1863, m. o. 
 
 Dec. 22, 1865, Co. Q. M. Sergt. 
 Sergt. John G. Willis, e. Jan. 4, '64, m.o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Sergt. Frank R. Hill, e. Jan. 2, 1864, disd. tor promo- 
 tion in Colored Troops. 
 Sergt. Parker D. Smith, e. Dec. 9, 1863, m. o. Dec. 22, 
 
 1865, private. 
 Sergt. Edwin C. Carpenter, e. Jan. 2, 1864, m. o. Dec. 
 
 22, 1865, private. 
 Corpl. Van Buren DaLee, e. J.in. i, 1864, m. o. Dec. 
 
 22, 1865, private. 
 Corpl. Edward Dyer, e. Jan. 4, 1864, m.o. Dec. 22, 
 
 1865, Corpl. 
 Blacksmith M. M. Wyllys, e. Dec. 30,1863, shot by 
 
 City Marshal at Ft. Scott, Kan., while trying to 
 
 arrest him. 
 Bugler John M. Clark, e. Jan. 2, '64, m. o. Dec. 22, '65. 
 Saddler John Taylor,e. Jan., , prmt. Regt. Saddler. 
 
 Allen Jas. M. e. Jan. i, 1864, deserted Sept. 11, 1864. 
 Bryden E. P. e. Dec. 25, 1863, m. o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Babcock B. F. e. Dec. ir, 1863, m.o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Handy Sam'l A. died at Marengo, 111., Feb. 21, 1864. 
 Higgenbottom John, deserted Sept. 11, 1864. 
 Keeney Don A. m. o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Morey L. Austin, c. Jan. i, 1864, m. o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Mill VVm. E. e. Jan. 2, 1864, m.o. Dec. 22. 1865. Sergt. 
 Maxwell Thos. e. Dec. 9, 1863, m.o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Matthews H. L. e. Jan. 2, '64, m.o. Dec. 22, '65, Corpl. 
 Moore E. B. e. Jan. 2, 1864, detached m. o. regt 
 Orr F. D. trans, to Co. F, m. o. Dec. 18, '65, bl'ksmith. 
 Pells Sam'l E. e. Jan. 2, 1864, m.o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Quackingbush Geo. W. m. o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Randall J. M. m. o. Dec. 22, 1S65. 
 
 Strong J. D. e. Jan. 2, '64, m.o. Dec. 22, '65, Wagoner. 
 Squire VVm. H. e. Jan. i, 1864, m. o. Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Wood C. B. Jan. 2, 1864, m. o. Dec. 22, 1865, Sergt. 
 Wood Henry G. e. Jan. 2, 1864, m.o. Dec. 22,'65, Sergt. 
 
 Burmore H. H. e. Oct. 6, 1864, m. o. Nov. 8, 1865. 
 DeGroff L. e. Oct. 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 14, 1865. 
 Ehrler Adam, e. Oct. i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 14, 1865. 
 
 Company L. 
 
 Neil Thomas, e. Dec. 9, 1863, disd. Jan., 1866. 
 Hoover Jacob O. e. Sept. 23, 1864, rejected. 
 Seal Peter, e. Sept. 6, 1864, m. o. May 23, 1865. 
 
 Miscellaneous Cavalry, 
 
 2d Cavalry. 
 
 Mack John P. e. Aug. 8, '61, re-enlisted as Vet., Jan. 5, 
 1864, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865, as Farrier. 
 
 Prescott Wm. e. Aug. 8, '61, re-enlisted as Vet., Jan. 5, 
 
 1864, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Taylor Geo. e. Aug. 8, 1861, re-enlisted as Vet., Jan. 5, 
 
 1864, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865, as Sergt. 
 
 14th Cavalry. 
 
 Robbins H. M. e. Oct. 5, 1862, m. o. July 8, 1865, was 
 prisoner of war. 
 
 Ijth Cavalry. 
 
 Captain Oscar H. Huntley, com. Captain Co. K, ist 
 III. Cav., Dec. 9, 1861. Transferred to this Regi- 
 ment. Resigned Dec. 8, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenant Thos. A. Stevens, com. Frst Lieuten- 
 ant Co. K, ist III. Cav., Dec. g, 1S61. Transferred 
 to this Regiment. Mustered out at consolidation. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Wm. Hebard, com. Second Lieuten- 
 ant Co. K, ist JU. Cav., Dec. 9, 1861. Transferred 
 to this Regiment. Mustered out at consolidation. 
 
 1st Artillery, 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Chandler Geo. e. Auar. 31, 1864, m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Eaton C. B. e. Sept. 28, 1864, m. o. May 21, i 65. 
 Parson F. L. e. Sept. 28, 1864, m. o.. May 21, 1865. 
 Rudd A. M. e. Sept. 27, 1S64, m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Rockwell Jos. e. Sept. 28, 1864, m. May 21, 1865. 
 
 Company B. 
 
 Anderson John L. e. Jan. 4, 1864, m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Burns Geo. B. e. Dec. 23, 1863. m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Crampton F. e. Dec. 23, 1863, m. o. July lo, 1865. 
 Crampton N. e. Dec. 23, 1863, m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Cammon F. D. e. Dec. 23, 1863, m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Hall Melville, e. Dec. 23, 1863, m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Lake L. F. e. Dec. 23, 1863, detached at m. o. of regt. 
 Rising H. C. e. Dec. 23, 1863, m. o. July 10, 1865. 
 Rudd Henry, e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. May 19, 1865. 
 
 Company H. 
 
 Abrahamson John, e. Feb. 25, '62, disd. Oct.7,'62,disab. 
 
 Buckland J. J. e. Jan. 15, 1862, vet., m.o. June 14, 1865, 
 
 Benson Henk, e. Feb. 15, 186.!, vet., m.o. June 14,1865. 
 
 Giefer Henry, e. Jan. 28, 1862. disd. Oct. 20, 1862, disab. 
 
 Johnson John A. e. Jan. 13, 1S62, deserted. 
 
 Oberg P. A. e. Jan. 15, 1862, vet., m. o. June 14, 1865. 
 
 Peter John, e. Feb. 25, 1862, vet., m. o. June 14, 1865. 
 
 Wallburg Lewis, e. Jan. 15, '62, vet. ,m. O.June 14, 1865. 
 
 .Anderson Henry, e. March 4, '62, deserted April 6, '62. 
 
 Linwall Aug. e. March 5, 1S62, deserted. 
 
 Pearson Olof, e. March 5, 1862, disd. Oct. 20, '62, disab. 
 
 Company I. 
 
 McRee James, e. Feb. 3, 1862, disd. Feb. 10, 1863. 
 Peters Wm. e. Jan. 9, 1862, vet., m. o. July 26, 1865. 
 Ramsdell D. H. e. Jan. 19, '62, vet., m. o. July 26, '65. 
 Allen Benj. e. Oct. 4, 1864, m. o. July 26, 1865. 
 Smith Anthony, e. March i, 1862, vet., m.o. July 26, '65. 
 
 Atwood H. C. e. Jan. 5, 1864. 
 Fentoii S. e. Sept. 28, 1864, rejected. 
 Linds H. e. Sept. 28. 
 
 2d Artillery, 
 
 First Assistant Surgeon Giles P. Ransom, com. March 
 18, 1862. Resigned Jan. 23, 1863. 
 
 Company G. 
 
 Fiist Lieutenant Wm. C. Whitney, com. Second Lieu- 
 tenant Oct. 5, i8bi. Promoted First Lieutenant 
 Dec. 31, 1861. Mustered out Feb. 22, 1863. 
 
 Forbes Wm. e. Sept. i, 1861, m. o. Oct, 4, 1864. 
 
 Goold Thos. G. e. Sept. i, 1861, m. o. Oct. 4, 1864. 
 
 Hall Alfred, e. Sept. x, 1861, as vet. m. o. Sept. 4, 1865, 
 artificer. 
 
 Holland Chas. e. Sept. i, '61, disd. Jan. 20. 1862, disab. 
 
 Kingsbury Wm. e. Oct. i, '61, disd. July 29, '62, disab. 
 
 Gould G. F. e. Dec. 2.'6i,vet., prmt. Regt. Q. M. Sergt. 
 
 Mclniosh H. e. Jan. 20, 1864, m. o. Sept. 24, 1865. 
 
 Scoonmaker John, e. Jan. 20, 1864, m. o. Sept. 34, 1865. 
 
» 
 
 m 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 349 
 
 The war ended, peace concluded and the union preserved in its integ- 
 rity, those sons of Winnebago who hud volunteered their lives in defense of 
 the unity of the government who were spared to seethe triumph of patriot- 
 ism over treason, returned to their homes to receive grand ovations of wel- 
 come and tributes of honor from friends and neighboi's who had eagerly and 
 zealously followed them wherever the fortunes of war directed. Exchanging 
 their soldiers' uniform for citizens' dress, they fell back to their old voca- 
 tions — on the farm, at the forge, the bench, in the shop, and whatever else 
 their hands found to do. Brave men and honorable always; and no class of 
 AVinnebago's citizens are entitled to greater respect and consideration than 
 the volunteer soldiery, not only because they were soldiers in the hour ot 
 the country's peril, but because in their association with their fellow-citizens 
 their walk is upright, and their honesty and character without reproach. 
 
 HISTOKICAL RECORD— Continued. 
 OLD settlers' association. 
 
 Oh ! a wonclertul stream is the river of Time, 
 
 As it runs througli the realm of tears, 
 With a faultless rhythm, and a musical rhyme, 
 And a broader sweep, and a surge sublime, 
 
 As it blends in the ocean of years. 
 
 —B. F. Taylor. 
 
 Forty-three years have come and gone since white men began to exercise 
 dominion in the Rock River Valley — erst the home of the Winnebagoes 
 and their kindred. These years have been full of changes, and the visitor 
 of to-day, ignorant of the Past of the county, could scarcely be made to re- 
 alize that within these years there has grown up a population of about 
 30,000, that, in all the accomplishments and acquirements of life, are as far 
 advanced as are the people of the counties of the older States. Schools, 
 churches, colleges, palatial-like dwellings, beautiful grounds, large, well-cul- 
 tivated and productive farms, as well as cities, towns and busy manufact- 
 ories, have grown up and occupy the hunting grounds and camping places 
 of the Winnebago tribe of red men, and in every direction there are evi- 
 dences of wealth, comfort and luxury. There is but little left of the old 
 land-marks. Advanced civilization and the progressive demands of revolv- 
 ing years have obliterated all traces of Indian occupancy, until they are only 
 remembered in name. 
 
 The beginning of these changes was made in August, 1834, when 
 Germanicus Kent and Thatcher Blake landed their little canoe at the 
 mouth of Kent creek. In June of the following year, the entire population 
 numbered only eleven persons, but during the remainder of that year, and 
 notably during 1S36 and up to 1840, immigration was rapid. All the 
 arrivals up to and during the year 1840, are classed as "Old Settlers," and 
 as such are recognized by the "Rockford Society ot Early Settlers." When 
 the census was taken in 1840, the population had increased to 4,609, while 
 the election returns for that year show that a total of 1,114 votes was cast 
 for President. [Of these votes, 789 were cast for General Harrison, 321 for 
 Martin Van Buren and four for the candidate of the Abolition party.] 
 
 Of the voters and heads of families representing the population of 
 1840, many removed from the county to find homes in other states, while 
 the spirits of others were called to join the immortal throng gathered 
 
350 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 around the great white throne in the far-away realms of eternal life and 
 light. Others preferred to remain in the homes they commenced in the 
 lands of the Wiiinebagoes, and, by the goodness and mercy of God, have 
 grown in wealth, wisdom and nsefulness, until in their declining years, they 
 are respected and honored patriarchs in the community that owes much of 
 its character to the inflnences they established in pioneer times. 
 
 It is not strange that among the pioneer settlers of any new country a 
 deep-seated and sincere friendship should spring up, that would grow and 
 strengthen with their years. The incidents peculiar to life in a new coun- 
 try — the trials and hardships, privations and destitutions — ai'e well calcu- 
 lated to test not only the physical powers of endurance, but the moral, 
 kindly, generous attributes of manhood and womanhood. They are times 
 that try men's souls and bring to the surface all tliat there may be in them 
 of either good or bad. As a rule, there is an equality of conditions that 
 recognizes no distinctions. All occupy a common level, and as a natural 
 consequence, a brotherly and sisterly feeling grows up that is as lasting as 
 time, for "a fellow feeling makes us wondrous kind." With such a com- 
 munity, there is a hospitality, a kindness, a benevolence and a charity un- 
 known and unpracticed among the older, richer and more densely popu- 
 lated commonwealths. The very nature of their surroundings teaches them 
 to "feel each other's woe, to share each other's joy." An injury or a wrong 
 may be ignored, but a kindly, generous, charitahle act is never forgotten. 
 The luetnory of old associations and kindly deeds is always fresh. Raven 
 locks may bleach and whiten ; full, round cheeks sinken and hollow ; the 
 tires of intelligence vanish from the organs of vision ; the brow become 
 wrinkled with care and age, and the erect form bowed with accumulating 
 years, but the true friends of the "long ago" will be remembered as long as 
 life and reason endure. 
 
 The surroundings of pioneer life are well calculated to test the "true 
 inwardness" of the human heart. As a rule, the men and women who first 
 occupy a new country — who go in advance to spy out the land and prepare 
 it for the coming of a future people — are bold, fearless, self-reliant and 
 industrious. In these respects, no matter from what remote sections or 
 countries they may come, there is a similarity of character. In birth, edu- 
 cation, religion and language, there may be a vast diflerence, but imbued 
 with a common purpose — the founding and building of homes — these dif- 
 ferences are soon lost by association, and thus they become one people, ■ 
 united by a common . interest, and no matter what changes may come in 
 after years, the associations thus formed are never buried out of memory. 
 
 In pioneer life there are always incidents of peculiar interest, not only 
 to the pioneers themselves, but which, if properly preserved, would be of 
 interest to posterity, and it is a matter to be regretted that the formation 
 of "Old Settlers' Associations" has been neglected in so many parts of the 
 country. The presence of such associations in all the counties of our 
 common country, with well kept records of the more important 
 events, such as dates of arrivals, births, marriages, deaths, removals, nativ- 
 ity, etc., as any one can readily see, would be the direct means of preserving 
 to the literature of the country, the histoiy of every community, that, to 
 future generations, would be invaluable as a record of reference, and a 
 ready method of settling important questions of conti'oversy. As impor- 
 tant as these Associations are admitted to be, their formation has not yet 
 become general, and there are many counties in the Western country whose 
 
HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 351 
 
 early liistory is entirely lost because of such neglect and indifference. Such 
 organizations would possess facts and figures that could not be had from 
 any other source. Aside from their historic importance, they would serve 
 as a means of keeping alive and further cementing old friendships, and 
 renewing among the members associations that were necessarily interrupted 
 by the innovations of increasing population, cultivating social intercourse, 
 and creating a charitable fund for such of their members as were victims of 
 misfortune and adversity. 
 
 Actuated by the purposes suggested in the last ])receding paragraph, 
 the pioneers of Winnebago County organized a s ;ciety in 1870, that is 
 known as the Rockfokd Society of Early Settlers. The first formal 
 meeting was held in the City Council rooms, January 10, 1870, when a con- 
 stitution and by-laws were adopted, and signed by such of the old settlers 
 as were then present. Some other preliminary arrangements were perfected, 
 when the Society adjourned until the following Saturday, January loth, 
 when the following officers were elected: 
 
 President — Thatcher Blake; Yice President — David S. Pentield; 
 Secretary — Duncan Ferguson; Treasurer — A. C. Spafford; Directors — 
 John Lake, Thomas D. Robertson, and David D. Ailing. 
 
 At the time of this election twenty-six of the Old Settlers had signed 
 the constitution and thus become members of the society. A residence in 
 the county of thirty years, and the payment of three dollars as an initiatory 
 fee, and one dollar per year as annual dues, are qualifications of member- 
 ship. If at any time a further sum is needed for any specific charitable 
 purpose, the Board of Directors are clothed with power to levy an assess- 
 ment upon the members. The object of the Society is thus defined in 
 article two of the constitution: 
 
 ''It is designed to be a moral and benevolent association for the pur- 
 pose of cultivating social intercourse among its members, and creating a 
 fund for charitable purposes in their behaU. To collect and preserve 
 information connected with the early settlement and subsequent history of 
 Winnebago County; and to perpetuate the memory of those whose sagacity, 
 energy and enterprise, induced them to settle here and to encounter the 
 toils and privations incident to those who first settle in a new country." 
 
 Article three provides that "this Society shall be composed of those 
 male residents who settled in this county previous to the year 1840, and 
 who are now residents of the town of Rockford and vicinity. That here- 
 after thirty years residence in the town of Rockford or vicinity, will be a 
 sufficient qualification for any such settler becoming a member of this 
 Society." 
 
 There are now (October, 1877) ninety- two members, whose names, 
 date and place of birth, and date of arrival in the county, are given below: 
 
 Thatcher Blake, Turner, Maine, March 16, 1809; August, 1834. 
 
 Ephraim Wyman, June 26, 1809, Lancaster, Mass.; Sept. 20, 1835. 
 
 Chas. Works, Nov. 24, 1803, Westmoreland, N. H.; Feb. 20, 1836. 
 
 Henry W. Loomis, Deckertown, N. J.; May 15, 1836. 
 
 Alonzo Carey, Onondaga Co., N. Y.; March 17, 1836. 
 
 Chas. P. Brady, Dec. 14, 1814, Bucks Co., Pa.; November, 1836. 
 
 Wm. P. Dennis, Ipswich, Mass.; March 14, 1837. 
 
 D. D. Ailing, April 27, 1813, Westfield, ,Conn. ; Oct. 10, 1837. 
 
 John Fitch, April 18, 1804, Groton, Mass.; Nov. 23, 1838. 
 
 John Lake, March 20, 1821, England; Nov. 1, 1837. 
 
\ 
 
 362 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY, 
 
 H. H. Silsby, Nov. 1, 1817, Ackworth, N. H.; April 27, 1837. 
 
 Asa W. Weldon, Yarmontli, Mass.; July Jl, 1838. 
 
 Wait Talcott, Connecticut; Oct. 1, 1888. 
 \ Thomas D. Robertson, March 4, 1818, Scotland; December, 1838. 
 ^ E. H. Baker, Ferrisburg, Vt.; Oct. 6, 1838. 
 
 *David S. Fenlield, iVpril 3, 1812, Fittsford, Vt; April 12, 1839. 
 
 S. C. Fuller, Hawksborough, Canada; May 9, 1839. 
 
 James Gilbert, New York City; May 20, 1839. 
 
 Jason Marsh, Woodstock, Vt.; June 22, 1839. 
 \\ H. K. Baker, Ferrisburg, Vt.; Oct. 6, 1838. 
 \ *Willard Wheeler, Vermont; Oct. 6, 1839. 
 
 Wm. J. Cole, Richmond Co., N. Y.; July 31, 1839. 
 
 Phineas Howes, Sept. 25, 1817, Putnam Co., K Y.; June 26, 1839. 
 
 A. C. Spafford, Adams, I^. Y.; October, 1839. 
 
 Austin Colton, Jan. 30, 1817, Northampton, Mass.; May, 1839. 
 
 Duncan Ferguson, Nov. 15, 1809, Glasgow, Scotland; Nov. 3, 1839. 
 
 Bethuel Houghton, Cheshire Co., N. H.; Nov. 1, 1836. 
 
 *Chas. I. Horsman, Boston, Mass.; Dec. 1, 1836. 
 
 Thos. Jefferson Jewell, Oct. 24, 1816, Genesee Co., N. Y.; Oct. 1, 1838. 
 
 *William Twogood, Rensselaer, N. Y.; July 3. 1837. 
 
 William R. Wheeler, May 31, 1810, Onondaga Co., N. Y.; Sept., 1835. 
 
 Nathaniel Wilder, June 30, 1794, Lancaster, Mass.; March, 1837. 
 
 Isaiah Lyon, Woodstock, Conn.; June, 1838. 
 
 A. I. Enoch, July 24, 1819, Davton, O.; Sept., 1835. 
 
 Homer Denton, Dec. 19, 1812, Otsego Co., N. Y.; May 1, 1837. 
 
 Elias Martin, Oct. 21, 1796, Peacham, Vermont; Jan. 20, 1839 U 
 
 William Jones, May 18, 1811, Monmouth, Wales; June 30, 1837. , kV 
 
 R. K. Town, June 3, 1802, Granville, N. Y. ; June, 1842. , " 
 
 William H. Higbee, June 30, 1826, Shipton, Lower Canad'arOct.,1839. 
 
 Selden M. Church, March 4, 1804, East Holden, Conn.; Nov., 1836. 
 N Alfred Hart, March 19, 1797, HuntingtonTSuffblk Co., Long Island, 
 N. Y.; June 6, 1839. 
 
 John Spafford, Nov. 26, 1821, Adams, Jefferson Co., N. Y.; May, 1839. 
 
 Richard Montague, August 2, 1799, Hadley, Hampshire Co., Mass.; 
 July 1, 1835. 
 
 *Spooner Ruggles, August 1, 1795, Hardwick, Worcester Co., Mass. ; 
 Mav 1, 1836. 
 
 ' Thomas B, Talcott, April 17, 1806, Tolland Co., Conn.; July 4, 1835. 
 
 William Peters, Sept. 14. 1809, County Antrim, Heland; Oct. 10, 1837. 
 
 Hiram R. Enoch, Jan. 2, 1828, Warren Co., Ohio; May 10, 1836. 
 
 Duncan H. Ferguson, Sept.. 1835, Scotland; Nov. 3, 1839. 
 
 Henry P. Reddington, April 6, 1814, Walpole, N. H.; May, 1836. 
 
 Benjamin Franklin Cunningham, Feb. 3, 1820, Petersborough, N. H.; 
 May, 1839. 
 
 Samuel Cunningham, xlugust 15, 1815, Petersborough, N. H.; July 
 .11, 1839. 
 
 Goodyear A. Sanford, August 28, 1814, Hamden, Conn.; Aug. 31, 1837. 
 
 James M. Wright. June 1, 1809, Norwich, Mass.; Sept., 1838. 
 
 Ephraim A. Herrick, April 28, 1817, Andover, Mass.; June 6, 1836. 
 
 John H. Thurston, March 8, 1824, Glens Falls, N. Y.; March 12, 1837. 
 
 *Eliphalet Gregory, April 23, 1804, Danbury, Fairlield Co., Conn,; 
 June 17, 1835. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 353 
 
 ••' Ephraim Snmner, Feb. 9, 1808, Windham, Yermont; Oct. 19, 1835. 
 
 ^Jonathan Wilson, Sept. 2, 1795, Yarmouth, Mass.; Feb. 18, 1836. 
 
 Kichard S. Stiles, Aug. 15, 1811, Nelson, N. H.; March 29, 1837. 
 
 Harris Barnura, Sept. 8, 1819, Danbury, Conn.; June 9, 1838. 
 
 Nathaniel Belknap. March 4, 1805, Worcester, Mass.; August, 1838. 
 
 Jesse Blinn, August 9, 1809, Bennington, Yermont; July, 1838. 
 
 Elijah L. Hcrrick, Sept., 1820, Andover, Essex Co., Mass.; May, 1838. 
 
 Asa G. Spalding, August 10,1809; Sheshequin, Bradford Co., Pa.; 
 April, 1836. 
 
 Anson S. Miller, Sept. 24, 1810, Lee, Oneida Co., N. Y.; July 15, 1840. 
 
 Daniel Dow, March 16, 1816, Perthshire, Scotland; March, "l841. 
 
 ^Michael Burns, Oct. 31, 1818, Ireland; Aug. 10, 1840. 
 
 *Robert J. Cross, Oct. 1, 1803, Newburo:h, ]N. Y.; August, 1835. 
 
 Alfred Hart, Jr., Dec. 13, 1835, Tompkms Co., N. Y.; Sept., 1839. 
 
 Lewis S. Swezey, Aug. 5, 1812, Oneida Co., N. Y.; Sept., 1839. 
 
 *Reuben Barrett, Oct. 1, 1798, Barre, Worcester Co., Mass.; Oct.l, 1839. 
 
 Mowry Brown, Jan. 29, 1814, Burrillville, Providence Co., R. I.; 
 April 28, i838. 
 
 Louis Jackson, July 15, 1815, Cecil Co., Maryland; July 28, 1839. 
 
 John Piatt, March'8, 1813, New Haven, Conn.; May 11, 1837. 
 
 *M. H. Regan, Cobourg, Canada West; March 1, 1840. 
 
 Cyrus F. Miller, Feb. 13, 1815, Lee, Oneida Co., N.Y.; April 23, 1841. 
 
 *Henry O. Brown, Aug. 18, 1812, Madison, N. Y.; July, 1840. 
 
 G. Tullock, July 4, 1815,Rothiermaj,Banfi"shire, Scotland; Dec. 1,1841. 
 
 William Halley, June 4, 1818, Fifeshire, Scotland; June 12, 1838. 
 
 Darius Fish, Aug. 30,1800, Washington Co., N. Y.; Sept. 30,1839. 
 
 *John W.Dyer, Aug. 22, 1813, Sto^ckton, Chautauqua Co., N. Y.; 
 April, 1838. ' 
 
 C. H. Spofford, Jan. 6, 1819, Adams, N. Y.; May 30, 1839. 
 
 Eli Hall, Nov. 5, 1803, Wallingford, Conn.; 1837. 
 
 Levi M. Taft, Nov. 12, 1817, Cortland Co., N. Y.; June 4. 1837. 
 
 Geo. 8. Haskell, Oct. 4, 1838, Rockford, 'Winnebago Co., III., Oct. 
 4,._1838. 
 ^ Hiram Richardson, Aug. 24, 1818, Orange Co., Yermont; Oct. 10, 1837. 
 
 Levi Moulthro'p, March 16, 1841, ISfevn Milford, Winnebago Co., 
 111., March 16, 1"841. 
 
 M. H. Trainer, Sept. 30, 1818, Riga Town, Monroe Co., N. Y.; June 25, 
 1838. 
 
 J. Taylor, Sept. 13, 1808, Salisbury, Hillsboro Co., N. H.; April, 1836. 
 
 Sylvester Talcott, Oct. 14, 1810, Rome, Oneida Co., N. Y.; Feb. 26,1836. 
 ^Elijah B.Guilford, April 21,1824, Spencer, Worcester Co., Mass.; 
 Oct. 19, 1835. 
 
 James B. Martyn, Dec. 28, 1801, Parish of Provus, County of Corn- 
 wall, England; April, 1836. 
 
 Two of the members whose names appear in this list, George S. Has- 
 
 *Since the organizatiou of this Association of Old Settlers, thirteen of them, those 
 whose names are marked with an asterisk (*), have passed awav. D. S. Peufield died May 
 20, 1873; Willard Wheeler, April 24, 1876; C. I. Horsman, MaVch 2, 1875; William Two- 
 good, April 13, 1874; Spooner Rusrixles, March 7, 1874; E. Gregory, February 16, 1876; J. 
 Weldon, March 16, 1874; M. Burns, May 16, 1877; R. J. Cross, February 15, 1873; R. 
 Barrett, Nov. 30, 1872; M. H. Regan, February 27, 1875; H. O. Brown, February 27, 1875; 
 J. W. Dyer, November 11, 1875; George S. Haskell, August 23, 1876; Peter Grimes, Feb- 
 ruary 16, 1876. 
 
354 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 
 kell and Levi Monlthrop, were born in the county, but as will be seen by 
 reference to article three of the constitution, already quoted, are fully 
 entitled to membership. A lar^e majority of the others came here before 
 1840, and ha\e seen the wiJd prairies disappearing year b}^ year before the 
 well-directed industries of themselves and their followers. Nearly all- of 
 those whose names appear in this catalogue are well preserved intellectually 
 and physically, and surrounded by all the necessary comforts of life, and in 
 their declining years are enal)led to take life easily — to sit beneath their own 
 vines and tig trees, and enjoy the accumulations of the industry and econ- 
 omy of their pioneer days. 
 
 RIVEE IMPfiOVEMENT. 
 
 For many years the improvement of Rock River so as to render it nav- 
 igable was an enterprise that enlisted a good deal of attention from the 
 people, not only of AVinnebago, but of all the counties along the banks of 
 this beautiful tributary of the Mississippi. In Winnebago, and especially 
 among the people of Rockford, a river improvement fever would break out 
 every once in a while, meetings would be called, resolutions adopted, com- 
 mittees appointed, petitions drafted, signed and forwarded to Congress, 
 and great plans inaugurated for this purpose. And indeed, it seems almost 
 a pity that after so much time, money and labor spent in this direction, the 
 efforts were not rewarded as the people hoped. But then, there i3 this con- 
 solation — what they failed to accomplish by these efforts and expenditures 
 was at length compensated by damiuing the river, building up large man- 
 ufacturing establishments, and securing railway communication with every 
 part of the country. 
 
 Failing to obtain assistance Irom the national government to aid in the 
 improvement of Rock River, the Legislature of Illinois was invoked, and a 
 special law passed by that body, about 1845-6, to enable the people of the 
 several counties along the river, from Rock Island to the Wisconsin State 
 line, to vote for or against the assessment of a river improvement tax. The 
 measure carried in all the counties, a tax was assessed and collected, and 
 the work commenced. At Rockford, a part of the money so collected was 
 expended in 1846, in attempting to cut a channel through the rapids where 
 the dam has since been built. Work was also commenced at Sterling and 
 other points, but was linally abandoned. What money remained on hand was 
 paid back pro rata to the counties from whicli it had been collected, and 
 public attention generally turned to railroad enterprises. Now the river is 
 daTTh'd from Milan, near its confluence with the Mississippi, far up into 
 Wisconsin. 
 
 EDUCATIONAL. 
 
 The first schools taught in the county were family or subscription 
 schools; the first house erected especially for school purposes was built in 
 Guildford township, in the spring of 1837, and was a round log structure, 
 12x20 feet in size, and in which a school was commenced in May of that year, 
 by Miss Charlotte Greggs, of St. Charles, Kane County. The house was 
 built and the school sustained by Ave of the settlers: A. R. Dimmick, 
 
 Theopholis Watkins, Powers, Jacob Enoch and Henry Enoch, all of 
 
 whom are now dead. There was neither loft nor ceiling in this school 
 house, which stood one and a half miles east of the present school house in 
 District No. 1, in that township. The next school was commenced in Rock- 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 355 
 
 ford the same year, by Miss Eunice Brown, wlio subsequently married Mr. 
 J. G. Lyon. Her school house was a log cabin on the East Side. About 
 the same time, Miss Frances Bradford also commenced a school on the 
 West Side. The building she occupied was a small log cabin belonging to 
 the late William E. Dunbar, and stood a short distance soutli of the resi- 
 dence of S. C. Withson, in South llockford. In 1838, Miss Sarah A. Dan- 
 forth taught on the West Side. In lSo9, Miss Wood was a West Side 
 teacher. In the winter of 1838-9, James M. Wight taught in a building on 
 the corner of Main and Market streets, East Side, on the ground now occu- 
 }3ied by the American House. In 183!), Miss Hyde taught in the same 
 building. In the same year ('39), Andrus Corbin taught in a house owned 
 by himself, on the West Side. But it is unnecessary to continue a detailed 
 mention of the names of those who engaged in " teaching the young idea 
 how to shoot," in the pioneer days of Rockford or Winnebago County, for 
 their name is legion. But it is due alike to them and their patrons to say 
 that they all made good records as educators. To name all of those who 
 engaged in the honorable profession of teachers from the date of the open- 
 ing of the first school, in 1837, to the time when lands became taxable, thus 
 enabling the people to sustain free public schools, would be a work of 
 supererogation. As the population increased in town and country, schools 
 increased in like proportion. As the years increased, and the people in- 
 creased in wealth, the old log school houses, with their mud and stick chim- 
 neys, puncheon floors, and puncheon seats, greased paper windows, and 
 other primitive accommodations, went down before those more in keeping 
 with the progressive march ot time. But the old school houses and the old 
 teachers are kindlj^ remembered by many of the leading men of the county. 
 In them the foundations of usefulness were laid that have enabled many of 
 their scholars to go out in the world ana make honorable records among 
 the learned men of nations. 
 
 In no one interest of the country have fort}^ years marked such wonder- 
 ful and gratifying changes as in the educational. Forty years ago a knowl- 
 edge of the higher branches could only be obtained at the colleges of the 
 older States — Yale, Harvard, Amherst, Dartmouth and their cotemporaries. 
 ISTow, there is not a school in Winnebago County that doesjnot furnish ad- 
 vantages almost equal to those offered at the beginning of the last half cen- 
 tury by the colleges named. All over the Winnebago prairies neat and 
 comfortable school houses are to be seen, while the teachers are proficient 
 and competent to impart instruction in any of the branches necessary to 
 any of the ordinary pursuits of life. In reality, they are the people's col- 
 leges, and no system is dearer to the people than the system that supports 
 and maintains them. To make war upon this system would only be making 
 war upon our nation's life. 
 
 The following is a statistical exhibit of the school interests, as shown 
 by the Superintendent's report for the year ending Sept. 30, 1877 : 
 
 Number of males under 21 years of age, 7,070; number of females do., 
 7,287; total, 14,357. Number of males between 6 and 21 years, 4,893; 
 females, do., 5,155; total, 10,048. Number of school districts, 130. Num- 
 ber of districts having school five months or more, 128; average number of 
 months school sustained 7.7. Number of male pupils enrolled, 3,451; 
 females, do., 3,549; total number of pupils enrolled, 7,000. Number of 
 male teachers employed, 63; females, 221; total number of teachers em- 
 ployed, 284. Grand total number of days attendance, 790,677— equal in 
 
356 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 school time, /. <?., nine months of four weeks each, and live days to a week, 
 to 4,392 years and 117 days. Highest wages paid any male teacher, $150; 
 do. paid any female teacher, $80; lowest wages paid any male teacher, $25; 
 do. paid any female teacher, $13.50; average wages paid male teachers, 
 $50.73; do. paid female teachers, $30.31. Total receipts during the year, 
 $72,H90.25; expenditures, $55,114.90; leaving a balance on hand of 
 $17,575.35. Estimated value of school property, $117,585; apparatus, 
 $1,987; libraries, $727. Principal of township fund, $41,077.19; county 
 fund, $5,980.06; total of school assets, $167,356.25. JSI umber of applicants 
 for certificates examined, 286; number of first-grade certificates issued, 10; 
 second grade, do., 195; number of applicants rejected, 81. The number of 
 days employed by the Superintendent in visiting schools, was 120; in the 
 examination of teachers and office work, 80; total, 200. 
 
 The present County Superintendent of Schools is Mary L. Carpenter, 
 who was one of the ten lady superintendents selected in November, 1873. 
 December 28-9, 1874, a meeting of the State Association of County Super- 
 intendents was held in Chicago. Five of these lady superintendents had 
 been appointed to read papers and lead in their discussions. These ap- 
 pointments included Mrs. Carpenter, and the manner in which they acquit- 
 ted themselves, the ease, grace, fluency and force with which they treated 
 the subjects that had been submitted to them, was highly complimented in 
 the report of State Superintendent Etter. On the 28-9th of December, 
 1875, another meeting of this association was held at Rock Island, when 
 Mrs. Carpenter read an essay on the '-Best Method of Bringing Directors 
 up to Their Duty," and submitted the following conclusions: "First, bring- 
 ing County Superintendents up to their duty. We should be active our- 
 selves; never dilatory; prompt to meet all engagements; ready to co-operate 
 with school officers in the performance of their duties, thereby inspiring 
 them with our enthusiasm. Divide the time in supervision between teach- 
 ers and school officers." 
 
 County Associations of School fleers. — This is a movement in which 
 Mrs. Carpenter has taken a warm and active interest. A meeting of the 
 Association was held at Eockford, Feb. 24, 1876, which was largely 
 attended, not only by school officers and teachers, but by citizens; As 
 showing the esteem in which Mrs. Carpenter is held, we quote the fol- 
 lowing resolution from a series adopted by that meeting : 
 
 ''Resolved^ That we, as School Directors of Winnebago County, tender 
 to the County Superintendent of Public Schools, our hearty thanks for that 
 energy and zeal which she has manifested in the interests of our public 
 schools." 
 
 The standing of Mrs. Carpenter, and her efficiency as a superintendent, 
 compared with the other superintendents of the State, is unexceptiouably 
 good, and is thus complimented by State Superintendent Etter, in a letter 
 to H. R. Enoch, Esq., editor of the Pockford Journal: 
 
 '■'■Dear Sir: Yours of September 29th came duly to hand, and in 
 reply will say : 
 
 "1st. The reports that have been made to this department by Mrs. M. 
 L. Carpenter, the Superintendent of schools of your county, since I have 
 assumed the duties of the office, have been correct in every particular. 
 Every item of information required has been freely and correctly given. 
 The financial statistics balance to a cent, and show ability on her part in 
 this work. For the year ending September 30, 1875, only two reports out 
 
 1 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 359 
 
 of the one hundred and two were absolutely correct^ and of these two, Mrs. 
 Carpenter^s loas one. ****** 
 
 "2d. So far as I am able to judge from the work I have seen of Mrs. Car- 
 penter's, both at Teachers' Institutes and Teachers' Association, I am clearly 
 of the opinion that she is well qualified for the position she now holds. I 
 consider her one of the best County Superintendents in the State. 
 
 "3d. Iler standing among the leading teachers and with the superin- 
 tendents, so far as I know, is high, and slie is regarded as a thorough and 
 efficient officer. She has attended three meetings of the Superintendents' 
 Association, and has been called upon to read a paper at each one of them. 
 Last year she was elected Secretary of the State Teachers' Association, 
 which of itself is some evidence of her standing among the class of teachers 
 who are members of the Association. 
 
 "Hoping that I have answered your interrogations sufficiently full, I 
 remain, Yours truly, 
 
 "S. M. Ettek. 
 '■''SupH Public Instruction. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL. 
 
 Mrs. Mary L. Carpenter was born in Greenbush, K." Y., in 1839. 
 When quite young her parents removed to Rochester, and in one of the 
 public schools of that city, she received her early education. She pursued 
 a classical course of studj' at tJie Fort Plain Collegiate Institute, graduating 
 with much honor at the age of seventeen years. Coming West soon after, 
 she taught the village school of Waterloo, Iowa. In 1857 she was married, 
 and has since resided in Rockford. Mrs. Carpenter has ever taken an 
 active interest in the cause of education, and for several years was a success- 
 iul teacher in the public schools of this city. In 18 "3 she was elected 
 County Superintendent of Schools, which office she has filled with much 
 ability; the 136 schools in the county have been visited by her faithfully; 
 she has studied the wants of each, rooting out objectionable methods of 
 instruction and introducing new systems. During the past four years she 
 has also had charge of the Normal department in the liockford Female 
 Seminary. In reports to the State Department of Public Instruction, her 
 promptness and correctness have met the flattering approbation of its offi- 
 cers. The following we extract trom a letter written by one of the j^romi- 
 nent educators in this State: "Tne high culture and great energy which 
 Mrs. Carpenter possesses, eminently tit her for the Superintendency. The 
 esteem in which she is held by her fellow teachers is shown by her election 
 as Secretary of the State Teachers' Association." 
 
 RELIGIOUS INTERESTS 
 
 Have been carefully fostered, not only in the city of Rockford, but in all 
 the towns and villages of the county as well as in the country districts. 
 In a community so thoroughly alive to educational interests as the people 
 of Winnebago have always proved themselves to be, it could not be other- 
 wise. The first religious sermon preached on Kent creek (near Rockford) 
 was rendered by Rev. Aratus Kent (brother of Germanicus), a Congrega- 
 tional minister, of Galena, on the second Sunday of June, 1835, on which 
 occasion the log house of Germanicus Kent was converted into a temple of 
 worship. Commencing in January, 1876, a local historian furnished the 
 Rockford Gazette a series of articles on early events, and among other inci- 
 
 20 
 
360 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 dents referred to this meeting. He said : ''The city was more Godly and 
 righteous then than it is now, and i;pon this occasion every one came out 
 to church. There were no backsliders in those days, and when the minister 
 began his prayer on that bright Sabbath morning, he had the entire village 
 for an audience. They mustered eleven in all, including three ladies — Mrs. 
 Kent, Mrs. Haight and her sister, and eight gentlemen — Germanicus Kent, 
 Thatcher Blake, Albert Sanford, Daniel S. Haight, his hired man, and a Mr. 
 Vanzandt (Kent's millwright). The sermon was an impressive, though not 
 a learned one. Aratus Kent was a thoroughly good man, although not an 
 eloquent preacher, and his simple, missionary way of exhortation suited the 
 pioneers better than faultless rhetoric. This gentleman died a few years 
 ago in Galena." 
 
 This primitive meeting was the beginning of better things — the dawn- 
 ing of that religious sentiment that has grown with increasing years, until 
 Kockford has become pre-eminently a city, and Winnebago a land, of 
 churches and religious light. In the city of Kockford there are eighteen 
 church edifices, as follows: *First Methodist Episcopal, First Congrega- 
 tional, First Baptist, Emmanuel, Church of the Christian Union, Second 
 Congregational, St. James Catholic, Court Street Methodist Episcopal, First 
 Presbyterian, Swedish Evangelical Lutheran, Westminster Presbyterian, 
 State Street J3aptist, *Third Street Methodist Episcopal, Swedish Methodist 
 Episcopal, Woodruff's Addition Methodist Episcopal, South Kockford 
 Methodist Episcopal, Disciples, and German Lutheran — 18. 
 
 In the outside districts there are twenty-six church edifices, represent- 
 ing as many diflerent religious organizations. They are distributed as 
 follows : 
 
 Cherry Valley, 3; New Milford, 3; Harlem, 2; Koscoe, 2; Rockton, 
 2; Shirland, 2; Harrison, 2; Owen, 1; Burritt, 2; Durand, 2; Pecatonica, 
 2; Winnebago, 3; Seward, 1 — 26. Added to the Kockford churches makes 
 a grand total of 44 church edifices in Winnebago County. 
 
 The Kockford church edifices are handsome, substantial buildings, and 
 in style and finish well in keeping with the character ol the people by 
 whom they were built and by whom they are maintained. The country 
 church edifices are for the most part frame buildings, l)ut neat and tasty in 
 finish. The_ Scotch Presbyterian church, erected at Argyle during the sum- 
 mer of 1877, is one of the best in the country, and its style, architecture 
 and finish would do no discredit to aristocratic congregations of large cities. 
 This temple ol worship is built of handsomely dressed stone, and will cost 
 about $12,000. 
 
 The seed sown by Kev. Aratus Kent, in his brother's log cabin on the 
 bank of Kent creek, on the second Sunday in June, 1835, grew and ripened 
 into the fullness of a j^lentiful harvest. Until then the stillness of the 
 country of the Winnebagoes had never been broken by the voice of prayer 
 and praise, unless the songs the birds sang were offered as a tribute to the 
 glory of the Great Architect whose hand unfolded these rich prairies and 
 reared their grove-covered hill-sides. Since Kev. Aratus Kent preached to 
 the Kockford population of eleven persons, all told, a population of 30,000 
 has grown up in Winnebago County, who • 
 
 " sing of God, the mighty source 
 
 Of all things, the stupendous force 
 On which all things depend ; 
 
 *United in 1877 as the Centennial Church of Kockford. 
 
ftlSTORT OF WINNEBAGO COIJNTY. 361 
 
 "From whose right arm, beneath whose eyes, 
 All period, power, and enterjjrise 
 
 Commence, and reign, and end." 
 
 Methodism was established in the county when the Enochs settled in 
 what is now Guilford township, in 1835. Preaching, however, was unknown 
 until the followino- June. In the earl}^ part of that month, Rev. Mr. Pills- 
 bury, a very prominent Methodist divine in those days, came along in the 
 discharge of the duty assigned him by the annual conference, and stopped 
 with the family of Henry Enoch, the fatlier of Abraham I. and Hiram E,., 
 now well known and j^romincnt business men of liockford. Four o'clock 
 p. m. was set for preaching, and the neighbors (what few there were) noti- 
 Hed. Abraham 1. and Pichard H. Enoch were hauling rails to fence their 
 broken grounds, and their father was building the fence as the rails were 
 delivered. When four o'clock came the teams were turned out to graze on 
 the prairie, and the family assembled for worship. Style and fashion and 
 dress were not so elaborate in those days as at present, and it may be readily 
 assumed that that first Methodist meeting was a rather primitive affair in 
 all its cliaracteristics, but it will be casting no reflection on the Methodism 
 of the present to remark that a more earnest meeting, of any kind, was 
 never held on any parf of the Winnebago prairies. If the congregation was 
 small and plainly dressed, as compared with the present, what they lacked 
 in numbers was more than compensated in their zeal and earnestness. 
 About early Methodism there was never any half-way work. Every pro- 
 fessor and believer gave his whole soul to it, and to the zeal of the founders 
 and pioneers of that faith can justly be attributed the great work accom- 
 plished through it in later years — the reclamation of untold thousands from 
 the paths of sin and moral degradation — the founding of theological schools, 
 seminaries and colleges, and the perfecting of that system of work that not 
 only challenges the admiration of civilization and intelligence everywhere, 
 but which has carried light and hope and peace to multitudes of people 
 even in the remotest ends of the earth. Early Methodists never stopped to 
 measure the size of church edifices, the heighth of church steeples, to look 
 for cushioned pews, to see what their neighbors wore, nor its ministers to 
 reckon what field would pay the most in dollars and cents. They only 
 sought those fields where the Master's work needed most to be done, and 
 thither they went, regardless of all else. And so came Rev. Mr. Pillsbury, 
 peace and honor to his memory, to the pioneer home of Henry Enoch in 
 June, 1836. 
 
 The sermon of Rev. Pillsbury on that occasion was an earnest and 
 devoted one, and the foundation of a society that, in later years, became 
 the First M. E. Church of Rockford, being organized at the house 
 of Henry Enoch, in August, 1830, with five members: Samuel Gregory and 
 wife, Daniel Beers and wife, and Mary Enoch, the wife of Henry Enoch. 
 Rev. William Royal was the first regular pastor or circuit rider. Thus were 
 the seeds of Methodism planted in Winnebago County. The first preacher 
 (Rev. Mr. Pillsbury) and probably the second (Rev. Mr. Royal), Henry and 
 Mary Enoch and Mrs. Samuel Gregory, have gone 
 
 Where the saints of all ages in harmony meet, 
 Their Saviour and brethren transported to greet; 
 While the anthems of rapture unceasingly roll, 
 And the smile of the Lord is the life of the soul — 
 
 But their works live after them a monument to their memory. 
 
362 HISTOET OF WINNEBAGO COTTNTir. 
 
 A. I. Enoch, who was present at the first sermon, related to the writer 
 that, after preaching, the entire congregation, tlie preacher inchided, remained 
 to supper at the invitation of his mother. Aside from the eight members 
 of Henry Enoch's family, only two otliers — Mrs. Jacob Enoch and another 
 lady whose name is forgotten — were present, making a congregation of ten 
 persons to listen to the first Methodist sermon preached in Winnebago 
 Coimty. There are now, perhaps, half as many thousand, as there were then 
 individual, members of this branch of the Christian church. 
 
 THE NEW COURT HOUSE. 
 
 The first county business was transacted in a private residence on the 
 East Side. The first Circuit Court was held in Haight's Rockfurd Hotel, 
 also on the East Side, and the first court-house was also erected on that side, 
 but in April, 1843, the County Commissioners entered into a contract with 
 Gr. Haskell, Charles I. Horsman, H. W. Loomis, M. Burns, Charles Hah, 
 Thomas D. Eobertson, G. W. Dewey, D. D. Ailing, H. R. Mavnard, Dr. A. 
 Thomas, Skinner G. Barrows, J. Fisher, D. Harper and D. Dow, for the 
 erection of the old frame court-house building on the public or county 
 square on the West side — the old building that is now overshadowed by the 
 finely finished and towering walls of the grandest court-house in the State. 
 The one whose front bears the figures " 1492," was completed and accepted 
 by the county authorities, in jS'ovember, 1844. Then it was considered a 
 model of excellence and convenience, and the pride and credit of the county. 
 In the fall and winter of 1845-6, one Julius P. Bolivar McCabe (that's the 
 way he wrote his name) compiled a history of Winnebago County, and 
 among other things gave a description of this new temple of justice. As 
 the subject of his description will soon be torn away, we will preserve its 
 memory in these pages as Julius P. Bolivar McCabe saw it: 
 
 "The court-house stands on State street, on the west side of the river. 
 It is a handsome and well finished frame building of one story, measuring 
 about 56 feet hmg, 35 feet wide, and 17 feet high. It is crowned with a 
 magnificent and well proportioned cupola, which rises 15 feet above the roof 
 of the buildiug. The front is finished with a tastefully executed pediment, 
 supported by four fiuted columns, and forming a portico which projects 
 nine feet from the body of the building, and having a wing on either side, 
 in which the county offices are held.* The court room measures 54x32 feet; 
 9 feet of the building in the rear of the bench being partitioned ofi' into the 
 jury rooms. Two rows o± slips, made in the style of those erected in. 
 churches, fill up the portion of the court-house without the bar, and are 
 capable of accommodating 300 persons. The whole of this edifice, including 
 the pediment and columns, is built in the Grecian Doric order of architec- 
 ture, and speaks much for the skill of the architects, Messrs. Beattie and 
 Harper, both citizens of Rockford." 
 
 But grand as it may have been considered thirty-three years ago (the 
 date of its completion), it had to give way before increasing population, 
 wealth, and public business, and at the February session, 1875, of the 
 Board of Supervisors, Messrs. Duncan Ferguson, C. A. Hemenway, A. 
 Haines, F. E. Latham, and A. C. Gleason, members of the Board, were ap- 
 pointed a committee to examine and report to the Board what kind of a 
 Court House would be suitable for this county. Monday, April 19, 1875, 
 this committee reported as follows: . 
 
 In IbSl a stone building was erected near tliis building, into which the county records 
 were removed, and in which all the county business has since been transacted. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 363 
 
 " That we have examined the court-houses at Janesville, Wis., and at 
 Freeport, Macomb and Princeton, in Illinois, and got such information as 
 we considered essential to enable us to arrive at a correct decision as to the 
 size, materials, general construction, and probable cost of such a court- 
 house as will be required by this county. That accompanying are sketches 
 of the ground-plans of the offices, court room, etc., on the first and second 
 floors of said buildings, and a detailed statement of the same as we found 
 them, and what we thought necessary in reference to each of them. After 
 making the said examinations, and fully considering the matter given in 
 charge to us, we have unanimously come to the conclusion that a court- 
 house nearly similar to the one in Freeport, with the alterations men- 
 tioned in our detailed statements, constructed of like materials, both ex- 
 ternally and internally, and of the same or nearly the same kind of work- 
 manship, would in our opinion be such a court-house as is required by 
 this county. 
 
 " In reference to the manner of raising the sum that would be required 
 for building such a house, we may suppose that the amount necessary for 
 building it will be raised by tax in four years in equal amounts (that being 
 the longest time that any of the counties referred to took to pay for the 
 same). It is probable that the taxes would be raised for the first three 
 years in nearly sufficient amounts to meet the outlay, as it is likely that the 
 house would not be finished until the third year, and there would then be 
 no difficulty in the county borrowing what money they needed at 8 per 
 cent, to pay for finishing the building, should money be as plenty then as 
 it has been for the past two years. 
 
 " Accompanying this report is a statement showing the proportion of 
 tax that each town in the county would have to raise, to make the sum of 
 $104,000 in tour equal annual payments, on the basis of the assessment of 
 1874, as fixed by the State Board of Equalization, and adding to said valu- 
 ations the proportion of railroad taxes to which they were entitled. 
 
 " Respectfully submitted : Duncan Ferguson, C. A. Hemenway, A. 
 Haines, F. E. Latham, A. C. Gleason, Committee." 
 
 TaUe showing the amount that each town in the county would have to pay to make up 
 %100fiOO in one year, and also hy dividing it into four years; assuming as a basis the 
 valuation fixed by the State Board on the assessment of 1874, and assigning to each town, as 
 near as may be, its share of the railroad tax. 
 
 TOWN. 
 
 Valuation as 
 
 fixed by State 
 
 Board— 1874. 
 
 Am't re- 
 quired to 
 
 raise 
 135,000. 
 
 Am't re- 
 quired to 
 
 raise 
 $100,000. 
 
 Rockfoi'd 
 
 $3,509,575 
 591,995 
 1)84,720 
 616,953 
 487,J25 
 512,041 
 483,314 
 275,386 
 206,401 
 529,196 
 594.661 
 541,302 
 332,051 
 252,965 
 391,537 
 493,254 
 
 $8,774 
 
 1,480 
 
 1,462 
 
 1,542 
 
 1,217 
 
 1,280 
 
 1,208 
 
 688 
 
 516 
 
 1,323 
 
 1,487 
 
 1,353 
 
 830 
 
 632 
 
 979 
 
 1,233 
 
 $35,096 
 
 Rockton 
 
 5,920 
 
 Pe'^atonica 
 
 5,847 
 
 Winneba<^o - - 
 
 6,169 
 
 Durand 
 
 4,870 
 
 Cherry Valley 
 
 Roscoe - 
 
 5,120 
 4,833 
 
 Harrison 
 
 2,754 
 
 Shirland . - - - 
 
 2,064 
 
 Harlem . ..-- 
 
 5,292 
 
 Guilford - 
 
 5,947 
 
 Seward. . — -- 
 
 New Milford - 
 
 5,413 
 3,320 
 
 
 2,529 
 
 Burritt - - - - 
 
 3,915 
 
 Owen - - 
 
 4,933 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 $10,402,378 
 
 $26,004 
 
 $104,032 
 
 
 
 
 
^ 
 
 364 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 After the reading of the above report, a motion was made to postpone 
 the further consideration of the question of building a court-house until 
 the next meeting of the Board, which elicited considerable discussion, in 
 which most of the members of the Board participated. Finally, at the re- 
 quest of Mr. Herring, of Dura'nd, the question was laid over for one day. 
 On Wednesday, the 21st of April, the question again came up, when, on 
 motion of Mr. Budlong, the report of the committee appointed at the last 
 session of this Board, to investigate in relation to building a court-house, 
 was adopted, and the committee discharged. 
 
 Mr. Budlong: submitted the following resolution and moved its 
 adoption: 
 
 '■'•Resolved^ That the Board of Supervisors appoint Duncan Ferguson 
 as chairman, and Anthony Haines, J. B. Merritt and Hugh Mackey, as a 
 committee to be known as the Court House Building Committee." 
 
 Mr. Herring moved the following as an amendment to the foregoing 
 resolution : 
 
 ^''Resolved, That this Board do now appoint a committee consisting of 
 five members to be known as a special Court House Building Committee, 
 that Duncan Ferguson be one and chairman of that committee, and that he 
 as chairman of 'this Boai'd appoint the other four members of it." 
 
 On which the ayes and nays were called, with the following result: 
 Ayes — Whittlesey, Hance, Herring, Kowley, Cowles, Hemenway and Der- 
 went — 7. JN'ays — j-'erguson, Atkinson, Sweet, Haight, Budlong, Haines, 
 Scoville, Smith, Manny, Barnum, Latham, Merritt, Mackey, Kirk, Fabrick 
 and Ehoades — -16. Mr. Herring moved to amend the original resolution so 
 as to make Mr. Hemenway a member of said committee, and Whittlesey 
 seconded said motion, on which the ayes and nays were called, with the fol- 
 lowing result: Ayes — Ferguson, Herring, Rowley, Scoville, Smith, Bar- 
 num, Latham, Merritt and Whittlesey — 9. Nays— Hance, Cowles, Atkin- 
 son, Sweet, Haight, Budlong, Haines, Derwent, Manny, Mackey, Kirk, 
 Fabrick and Ehoades — 13. Lost. 
 
 Mr. Herring • then made a motion to adjourn, which was lost by a 
 vote of 8 for and 13 against. Then upon a vote being taken upon the orig- 
 inal resolution, offered by Mr. Budlong, same was carried. On motion the 
 Board adjourned until two o'clock in the afternoon. 
 
 At the afternoon session of the same day, the following resolution was 
 adopted : 
 
 " Resolved^ That the Building Committee on the Court House are 
 hereby instructed to give notice, by advertising or otherwise, that plans for 
 building a court-house in Winnebago County will be received at any time 
 previous to the first Monday in July next." 
 
 At the July meeting, on Tuesday, the 13th, the Building Committee 
 was instructed by resolution to examine all the plans submitted by com- 
 peting architects for the proposed court-house for this county, to select such 
 number of said plans as they may think advisable, and lay the same before 
 the Board, either for the Board to make a selection, or to take such further 
 steps in the matter as they may think the best interests of this county 
 require. 
 
 On Wednesday evening, July 15th, the Board adjourned until Monday, 
 the 26th, at which session of the Board the Building Committee reported 
 that eighteen different plans and specifications had been received from arch- 
 itects of Illinois and other States, and that they had given the architects an 
 
HISTORY OF WINISTEBAGO COUNTY. 365 
 
 opportunity of explaining to tliem all the points to which they (the archi- 
 tects) wished to call the committee's attention, and of answering any ques- 
 tions the committee wished to submit to them, and that from the eighteen 
 plans submitted, they had selected the designs offered by E. E. Myers, of 
 Detroit, Mich. ; Henry L. Gay, Cass Chapman, J. C. Cochrane, and Alex- 
 ander Kirklaiid, of Chicago; and David S. Dory, as the most likely to meet 
 the demands of the contemplated building. Accompanying this report was 
 a condensed statement of the most important points "in each of the plans 
 submitted. The committee also reported that in the plans rejected they 
 had found many points that they could freely recommend, etc. On Friday, 
 July 30, 18T5, the Board passed the following resolution: 
 
 '•'Resolved, That the Court House Building Committee of this Board 
 be and are hereby instructed to adopt the design or plan submitted by 
 Henry L. Gay, Architect, for a court-house for the county of Winnebago, 
 to be erected on the Court House Square, in the city of Rockford, on the 
 west side of Rock River, when the following conditions and stipulations are 
 fully complied with by the said Henry L. Gay, to-wit : That such modifi- 
 cations or alterations shall be made in his plans as shall seem to said com- 
 mittee necessary and expedient; and that the committee and the said Gav 
 shall agree upon the amount that the said alterations shall either increase or 
 decrease the sum which the said Gay has stated that this building will cost 
 (which sum was $104,000), and provided, further, that one or more respon- 
 sible contractors, giving bonds to the county, to the satisfaction of this 
 Board, for the erection of the proposed court-house, agreeably to the proposals 
 for letting, advertised by said committee, shall agree to do the work of 
 erecting and completing the said building within, or very near the estimate 
 of the said Gay, and as the same may be agreed to by the committee after 
 the proposed alterations in said plans; and should there be no satisfactory 
 bid, as above stated, at or near the said sum, tlien the said committee may 
 reject the plan of the said Gay, and he shall not be entitled to any compen- 
 sation from this County Board, or Building Committee, for any labor or 
 expense that he may have incurred in preparing or altering the said plans 
 or specifications; and this Board shall have the right to make another selec- 
 tion of any of the plans that have been submitted to the Board by compet- 
 ing architects; and also provided, that this Board preserve the right of 
 appointing a superintendent for the constrnction of the proposed building. 
 
 " And, provided, further, That, when the plans and specifications are 
 all completed to the satisfaction of the said Building Committee, that they 
 are hereby instructed and directed to advertise in such newspapers as may 
 seem to them best, giving at least three weeks' notice, for sealed proposals 
 for the erection of the said building, the said proposals to be lodged with 
 the clerk of this Board, at such time as shall be specified in the said notice, 
 at which time an adjourned meeting of the Board will be held, when the 
 said proposals will be opened and examined by the Board, who may then 
 award the contract, should they consider it for the interest of the county to 
 do so. The notice above referred to shall distinctly set forth that the 
 Board reserves the right not to accept the lowest ofier, but may reject any 
 and all pi-oposals for the erection of said building. The said bids to be 
 accompanied by bonds, to be executed by the party offering to contract for 
 the building of said court-house, and by one or more sufiicient sureties, to 
 be approved by the Board, in the sum of $100,000 ; that all the stipulations 
 and conditions that may be entered into by the proposed contractor with 
 
366 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 the Board of Supervisors for building said court-house, shall be faithfully 
 carried out and complied with by the party contracting. 
 
 "And provided, further, that the amount that would have to be paid to 
 Mr. Gay as his commission for plans and speciiications, shall be paid in 
 sums in proportion as the work progresses." 
 
 On motion of Mr. Cowles, a resolution was adopted instructing the 
 Building committee, that when they advertised for bids for the erection of 
 the new court-house, they advertise that they would receive bids on the 
 proposition that the exterior walls of the same be built of Rockford stone. 
 
 At the September session (Sept. 14th') the County Clerk was directed 
 to levy such rate of tax on the taxable property as would raise a revenue of 
 $65,000 for county purposes. A subsequent resohition provided that ''from 
 the amount ol county tax which shall be raised under the foregoiug resolu- 
 tion, on the taxable property of the several towns of this county, as entered 
 on the assessment rolls for 1875, there be appropriated the sum of $30,000, 
 to be used in paying part of the expense of the erection of a court-house, in 
 the city of Rockford, for said county; and that the said sum be set apart as 
 a separate fund, to be known as the Court House Fund, and to be used for 
 the purposes above stated, and none other." 
 
 Wednesday, November 24th, the Board went into Committee of the 
 Whole to consider the bids for erecting the court-house. At three in the 
 afternoon, the committee rose and reported progress, when, on motion of 
 Mr. Hemenway, a further consideration of the subject was laid over to an 
 adjourned meeting of the Board, to be held at 2 o'clock p. m., on Monday, 
 the 6tli of December. 
 
 At that meeting of the Board, Mr. Ferguson presented the bid of E. 
 C. Roberts for building the court-house, which was referred to the Building 
 Committee, when the Board adjourned until Tuesday morning. 
 
 Tuesday morning Mr. Merritt offered the following resolution which 
 was adopted: 
 
 '''Besolved, That the Board does hereby reject all bids or proposals 
 made to the Board for the building of a court-house for the county of 
 Winnebago, under a resolution of the Board passed at the last July session 
 of the Board, and that were lodged with the Clerk of the Board on or pre- 
 viously to the 23d of last J^ovember." 
 
 After which the Board adjourned until two o'cloek in the afternoon, 
 when Mr. W. D. Richardson presented the following: 
 
 Proposal for the erection of a court-liouse, to he located at Rockford, Winnebago County, III., 
 made to the Board of Supervisors, of the County of Winnebago, by William D. Richard- 
 son, of Springfield, Sangamon Co., III. Dated at Rockford, Dec. 7, 1815. 
 
 I will furnish all ot the materials and complete the building according to plan and 
 specification, using stone for all cornices, balustrades and papier maclie work over entrance 
 to front door, for the sum of one hundred and sixty-five thousand dollars ($165,0(t0). 
 
 For the above work I propose to use Illinois lime stone of the best quality. 
 
 W. D. Richardson. 
 
 I will deduct from my bid $9,000 for the following items (should your building com- 
 mittee require it) : 
 
 For change in foundation - - $2,000 
 
 " " " rear steps - 2,000 
 
 For steam heater ■... 5,000 
 
 I will furnish and put in place all tin and iron pipes required to be built in walls, at 
 the above total amount. W. D. Richardson. 
 
 And Mr. Henry L. Gay, architect, submitted the following proposition : 
 
[ 
 
 FLORA TP BOONE CO. 
 
i 
 
HISTORY OF WINITOBAGO COUNTY. 369 
 
 RocKFORD, Dec. 7, 1875. 
 Mr. Duncan Ferguson, Chairman of Building Committee: 
 
 I propose to do all architectural work, furnish all drawings, specifications and details 
 for 2 per cent, upon a cost of $104,000, and $10 per day and traveling expenses when called 
 to Rockford to consult, examine and superintend work upon the proposed new court-house. 
 
 Henry L. Gay, Architect. 
 
 After the reading of these propositions, Mr. Cowles offered the fol.- 
 lowing: 
 
 ''Resolved, That the building committee be authorized, and are here- 
 by directed to accept the bid of W. D. Richardson for the building of the 
 court-house in accordance with the plans and specifications of Henry L. 
 Gay, architect, with substitution of stone for cornices, etc., in place of iron, 
 as provided in his bid, and that they be authorized and directed to enter 
 into contract with said W. D. Richardson for the building of the said 
 court-house at the price bid, $165,000, to be paid as the work progresses, 
 and in the manner provided for in the plans and specifications, until the 
 building is completed, when the balance appearing to be due the contractor, 
 shall be paid him at par in Winnebago County orders or bonds, bearing 
 7 per cent, interest and running not to exceed ten years — at the option of 
 the board as to the length of time the bonds shall run, or to pay the cash as 
 they may elect. In case the committee think it advisable to reduce the 
 cost of the building by not putting in the steam heating, and substituting 
 straight steps for rear of building, they are authorized to do so by the 
 proper amount for same being agreed upon. 
 
 ''The committee are also instructed to provide in the contract that the 
 walls of the building may be put up and the building enclosed during the 
 season of 1877 so as to be completed in full by the first day of March, 1878, 
 and that the county shall not be called upon to pay any faster than in the 
 ratio as to time. 
 
 "In case there should be any disagreement as to details in making con- 
 tracts with the contractor that are not arranged satisfactorily to the com- 
 mittee, then the acceptance of the bids shall be null and void." 
 
 On Monday, March 6, 1876, on motion of Mr. Hemenway, the Board 
 adjourned to the City Council rooms where, after the regular order of 
 meeting had been disposed of, the following provisional bond, presented by 
 Mr W. D. Richardson, was approved and ordered to be spread upon the 
 records of the Board: 
 
 "Know all men by these presents, that Mr. William D. Richardson, of 
 the city of Springfield, Illinois, as principal, and Thomas S. Ridgway and 
 George M. BrinUerhoff, of the same place, as sureties, are held and firmly 
 bound unto the county of Winnebago, in the State of Illinois, in the penal 
 sum of one hundred thousand dollars, lawful money of the United States, 
 to be paid to the said the county ot Winnebago, or its assigns, to which 
 payment we bind ourselves, our heirs, executors and administrators, jointly 
 and severally, firmly by these presents. Witness our hands and seals, this 
 7th day of December, A. D. 1875. 
 
 "Whereas, the above, William D. Richardson, has entered into con- 
 tract bearing even date herewith, with the county of Winnebago above 
 mentioned, for the erection of a court-house at Rockford, Illinois, for the 
 said county, upon the terms of the character and within the time of said 
 contract expressed; and in consideration of the making of said contract, 
 the said Richai'dson has agreed to make and deliver to said county, his 
 bond with sufficient security, in the sum of one hundred thousand dollars, 
 
370 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COITNTT. 
 
 to secure and make certain the full and faithful performance of said con- 
 tract, and of each and every provision thereof, on his part; and this instru- 
 ment is made and executed and delivered to said county, pursuant to such 
 aajreement. 
 
 "Kow the conditions of this obligation are such, that if the said Wil- 
 liam D. E.ichardson shall in all things on his part, faithfully keep, observe 
 and perform the said contract, and each and every provision thereof, then 
 this obligation to be void; otherwise to remain in full force. And it is 
 expressly understood and agreed that no change, alteration or modihcation 
 of the plans, drawings or specifications in the contract mentioned, or the 
 terms of said contract, shall invalidate this bond, but the obligation of this 
 bond shall extend to and embrace any such change, alteration or modifica- 
 tion, as though the same had been incorporated in the plans, drawings, 
 specifications or contract, at and before the execution of this bond. 
 
 "W. D. E.ICHAKDS0N, [seal] 
 
 "Thos. S. Eidgwat, [seal] 
 "Geo. M. Bbinkeehoff. [seal]" 
 
 Wednesday, March 8, 1876, the building committee submitted to tlie 
 Roard of Supervisors a very elaborate report of their action in the prem- 
 ises, setting forth that they had found it to the interest of the county to 
 employ an attorney to assist them in preparing a good and sufiicient con- 
 tract, that all parties in interest might fully understand their duties and 
 responsibilities; that, after a good deal of time spent in the examination 'Ol 
 points presented for consideration, a contract had been agreed u]3on, and 
 was therewith submitted for the approval or rejection of the Board. That 
 it was thought proper that one or more of the committee should go to Joliet 
 to see the (juality of the stone intended for the court-house, and A. Haines 
 and D. Ferguson, with Mr. Gay, went there on the first of February, and 
 met Mr. Kichardson, who pointed out the kind of stone he intended using 
 in the building;, a large amount of which he had on hand. The archi- 
 tect and committee were satisfied that the stone pointed out would" be 
 satisfactory. 
 
 The building committee also reported that they had contracted with 
 Stephen Inman for the removal of the old court-house from the site it had 
 occupied, so that it should front on Court street, for the sum of )^220, the 
 said Iniiian agreeing, on his part, to place the building in good shape for 
 occupation by the county by the 8tli of March. That the committee after 
 consultation with the architect and builder, had determined to have the 
 specifications printed, as a number of copies would be required, and it 
 would cost no more to have a few written than it would to have fifty printed. 
 The report was signed by Duncan Ferguson, A. Haines, J. B. Merritt, Hugh 
 Mackey, F. E. Latham, Committee. 
 
 The following is the contract in brief, the details of which are familiar 
 to many of our readers: 
 
 This agreement, made and entered into this 7tli day of December, A. D. 1875, bj' and 
 between the county of Winnebago, in the State of Illinois, party of the first part, and Wil- 
 liam T). Richardson, of the city of Springfield, in the count}'^ of Sangamon, and State of Illi- 
 nois, party of the second part, Witnesseth: 
 
 That said party of the second part, in consideration of the promises and agreements, 
 hereinafter expressed, on the part of the partj' of the first part, to be kej)! and performed, 
 has, and hereby does promise and agree, to prepare the foundations, furnish all the mate- 
 rials, build, erect, and complete, for the party of the first part, a court house, in all respects 
 according to the plans, drawings, and specifications therefor, furnished and provided by 
 
HISTORY OF WIJSrNEBAGO COUNTY. 371 
 
 Henry L. Gay, architect, and the terms of this contract. All of the materials for said build- 
 ing, and all the work thereon, shall be done and furnished under the direction of, and to 
 the satisfaction and approval of the architect, who may at the time be in charge of said 
 work. Said plans, drawings, and specifications, above mentioned, are referred to, and 
 made a part of this agreement. That all work performed under this agreement shall be 
 first-class mechanical work -ot its kind ; and all materials for and used'in the erection of 
 said building, shall be of the best quality and quantity suflicient for the purpose intended. 
 That the stone used in the construction of said building (save as in the specifications other- 
 wise provided) shall be of the best quality of Illinois limestone, to be taken from the quarry 
 of E. S. Walker, or from some other quarry of the same color, and of as good quality. The 
 said building shall be completed and finished on or before March 1, 1878, and at tliat time 
 ready for delivery to the party of tlie first part. The building shall be inclosed and the 
 roof on, on or before December 1, 1876, but the plastering shall not be put on before the 
 spring of 1877, and shall be completed on or before Nov. 1, 1877. 
 
 On tlie same day (March 8tli) the Board passed a resolution providing 
 as follows: 
 
 " That this Board elect by ballot, some suitable and qualified person, 
 to act as superintendent of the building of the court-house for Winnebago 
 County. The duties of said superintendent shall be as specified in the con- 
 tract and specifications, for building said court-house, and shall be under 
 the control of the building committee, and shall be subject to removal at 
 any time by the building committee; subject to the approval of the Board. 
 Said superintendent to receive for his services, the sum of three dollars per 
 day, for the time actually employed. Said superintendent shall not com- 
 mence work until the building committee shall direct; the superintendent 
 shall only receive pay for such time as they may direct and approve of 
 when the work is in progress, and he shall devote his whole time when the 
 committee direct." 
 
 i»lr. F. E. Latham was appointed Building Superintendent. 
 
 Yery soon after the comj)letion of these preliminary details, active 
 operations were commenced by the contractor, the preparation of the 
 ground for the foundation walls and the delivery of the material being first 
 in order. On the 28d of June the corner-stone was laid, with <.>reat eclat^ 
 and was participated in by the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders of the sur- 
 rounding country, Grand Master DeWitt C. Cregier, of the Grand Masonic 
 Lodge of the State of Illinois, condticting the ceremonies, ^vhich were wit- 
 nessed by thousands of people. On this occasion the Rockford people 
 spared no effort to preserve and maintain, and, if possible, to add to their 
 already well established reputation for hospitahty and excellence of taste in 
 welcoming visitors. Almost every door was thrown open to their invited 
 guests, and everybody was invited. The city was handsomely decorated. 
 Flags were suspended across the streets, private residences, business houses 
 arid public buildings were handsomely festooned with fiowers and ever- 
 greens, and every face wore an expression of happiness and pleasure. It 
 was the great gala day in the history of Rockford and Winnebago County, 
 
 The new court house building is a model of architectural beauty, and 
 is known as the French Venetian, with American treatment. It is 82x113 
 feet on the ground, covering an area of 9,266 square feet, and three stories 
 high, with the main front on State street. The foundation walls are sunk 
 seven feet and six inches in the grotmd below the grade line, and rest on 
 footing courses of solid Joliet limestone six feet in width. The lower or 
 basement walls are built from eight-inch stone, backed by sixteen-inch 
 brick lining, making twenty-four-inch walls. Above this, the wall-stone is 
 six inches in tliickness, with fourteen-inch brick backing, making twenty- 
 inch walls. [The stone used in the exterior walls was brought from 
 
372 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 Walker's quarry, at Joliet. The brick used previous to the disaster of the 
 11th of May, 1877, was from Brown & Gow's kilns, about five miles above 
 Rockford. Those used after that disaster were brought from the kilns of 
 the Chicago Bridewell.] 
 
 The basement and first story are divided into four sections each, by cor- 
 ridors running north and south and east and west. The corridors or halls 
 running from the front to tiie rear, are twelve feet in width, and those run- 
 ning from east to west, fourteen feet six inches in width. The basement 
 story is twelve feet in heighth from floor to ceiling, and is divided into 
 rooms for oflices, fire-proof vaults, boiler department, storage room, water 
 closet, etc., there being ten rooms and two vaults. 
 
 The first story proper, is 16 feet from floor to ceiling, and is reached 
 from the State street entrance by a double flight of stone steps of 21 steps 
 each. This story is arranged and divided into rooms for the use of the 
 county oflices. The oflices or rooms on the right are assigned to the Clerk 
 of the Circuit Court, the general oflice being 21x21 feet, and the room for 
 the recording department 13x21 feet. These departments are provided with 
 a tire-proof vault 14x32 feet, for the preservation of records. 
 
 The Sherifl''s oflice is in the west side of the building, and immedi- 
 ately south of and adjoining the Recorder's oflice, but has no communi- 
 cating door therewitli. The entrance to this oflice is by the west corridor. 
 
 The oflices of the County Clerk and Treasurer (in one) and County 
 Judge are located on the left of the main entrance. The Clerk and Treas- 
 urer's oflice is 21x35 feet, and the room assigned to the County Judge, 12x15. 
 These departments are also supplied with a vault 14x32 feet. 
 
 The rooms designed for the use of the County Court and Board of 
 Supervisors are on the right and left of the rear or Elm street entrance, are 
 22x42 feet each, and are reached by a double flight of stone steps, of 19 steps 
 each, from the Elm street side. 
 
 The second story is 35 feet from the floor to the center part of the dome. 
 The main part of it is designed for the use of the Circuit Court, and is 72x76 
 feet. On the right is the Judge's private room, 12x21 feet; a room for the 
 use of the State's Attorney, 15x17 feet, and the grand jury room, 12x21 
 feet. On the left the petit jury room, 12x21 feet; a retiring room for mem- 
 bers of the bar, 17x21 feet, and a law library room, 12x21 feet. Stairs lead 
 to this story from the bisecting corridor in the flrst story. The building is 
 lighted by six large French plate glass windows in front and rear, and eight 
 on each side. 
 
 A large dome 30x30 feet and 119 feet in height from the ground line 
 to the top of the finial, rises over the front entrance. The south side of 
 this dome is sapported by two stone piers,* rising to a height of 37 feet, 
 seven feet six inches at the base, and three feet six inches at the top. These 
 piers are surmounted by two Corinthian iron columns, 18 inches in diam- 
 eter, 2^ inches thick, and 23 feet 8 inches in height, on which rests the main 
 box girder, weighing five and a half tons, which in turn supports the south 
 wall of the dome. 
 
 In a circular panel immediately over the semi-dome, in large raised 
 letters is the latin word Lex, meaning law. In the semi-dome, in richly 
 carved bas-relief work, are three medallion panels, in which are figures rep- 
 resenting Spring, Summer and Autumn. 
 
 *These stone piers were introduced as strengthening supports in the reconstruction of 
 he building after the fall of the dome, May 11, 1877. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COITNTY. 373 
 
 Within the dome's pediment, with win^s extended, an exquisitel}^ carved 
 American Eagle will look down and out upon State street. A stone tablet 
 on one side of the arched entrance will bear the date of the settlement of 
 the county, date of organization, date of building of first court-house, do. 
 of present court-house and its cost. On the other tablet will be inscribed 
 the name of each township and date of its settlement, etc. 
 
 From the 23d of June, 18T6, the day the corner stone was laid, until 
 Friday, May 11, 187T, the work progressed without interruption. On that 
 day, however, a disaster occurred that not only seriously retarded the jjro- 
 gress of the work, but enshrouded the entii-e community in sorrow and 
 gloom. About half-past eleven o'clock on that day, while citizens were pur- 
 suing their usual avocations, a sudden tremor ran through the air, a strange 
 and startling sound rose and spread through the city with a terrible roar, 
 and great clouds of dust darkened the horizon. "Before the people had 
 time to take a second thought," said the Journal of Saturday, the 12th, 
 " the sound swelled to a grinding roar, and all eyes in the vicinity w^ere 
 involuntarily directed to the jjlace of doom. First a single stone was seen 
 to topple from the apex of the pediment of the main central tower, then the 
 sides of the tower crumbled and fell inward, the front pediment leaped into 
 the air towards State street; a confused roar — a cloud of whitish-yellow 
 smoke — a half dozen men suspended in the air, or clinging to balustrade, or 
 ropes, or cornices, or taking the death leap — and then a crush and cloud 
 followed by a shudder, and afterwards a hush like that of death. ' Good 
 God ! it's the court-house!' ran from lip to lip along the street. Crowds 
 hurried to the scene, and drew as near to the ruins as possible. It was dis- 
 covered that all but a portion of the front pediment of the main central 
 tower, dome, or pavilion, had fallen, mostly down through the middle of the 
 building, crushing in its descent much of the inside work of the structure. 
 The debris filled the ground front apartment behind the grand entrance, 
 the northwest and northeast basement rooms, and the central hallway. The 
 boiler which fed the two engines was precipitated from the upper floor to 
 the bottom, with the hoisting engine, which was on the same floor. The 
 iron girders were twisted like broom wires, and beams, brickwork, sculp- 
 tured stones and human bodies were mingled in inextiicable confusion. It 
 was known from the first that the loss of life by the disaster must be fearful. 
 The shattered building still threatened death to whoever ventured near it, 
 and going inside of it under the hanging, riven timbers, and the threaten- 
 ing, shattered walls was a thing of hazard. But men soon ventured inside 
 and began to overhaul the debris. Soon two men wei-e brought out of the 
 main hall on the west side of the building, one with his face badly cut, but 
 able to stand and talk, but the other battered, broken and mashed almost 
 beyond recognition. Mr. Richardson and Supervisor Latham were on the 
 roof when the tower fell. Mr. Kichardson was soon after seen walking on 
 the west wall, whence he calmly gave some orders to the men below. 
 Both gentlemen reached the ground in safety. How they escaped they 
 could not clearly tell. They had but a minute or two before stood upon the 
 portion which fell. Going into the building and looking up among the 
 broken timbers where the dome had stood, two men were seen up there on 
 the horrible perch. When the tower began to crack and tremble, two col- 
 ored men and Timothy Flannigan took fearful traj^eze leaps over the front. 
 One ol the colored men struck upon a pile of coal dust and escaped with 
 but slight injuries. The other colored man caught upon a guy rope and 
 
374 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 descended safely to tlie ground; but poor Flannigan fell among the rocks 
 and died soon after his removal. 
 
 " As soon as possible gangs of men were organized to work among the 
 rubbish, in search of the buried victims. Body after body was exhumed 
 and removed, some dead and some alive, and others that died upon the grass 
 soon after removal. 
 
 "Four horribly mangled corpses were soon laid in the north wing of 
 the old court-house. John Peck was taken to the City Hotel with a leg 
 broken. Young Mr. John Pipe, the son of the Superintendent, was taken 
 out dead and laid in the court-house. Albert Haug, and a colored man, 
 with one leg off, and the body of Timothy Flannigan, wei'e also deposited in 
 the same place. Mr. Mclnnis was conveyed in a hack to 407 South Fourth 
 street, East Side, and another man to the corner of Court and Wall streets, 
 South Side. Albert Hollenbeck, a worthy South Side man, was known to 
 be dead in the ruins. His little bo.y, who had come up town on hearing the 
 dreadful news, inquired for his father. Somebody told him that his father 
 was 'all right.' The little fellow went back rejoicing to inform the family, 
 and all the time the hubband and parent was crushed and dead beneath the 
 ruins. 
 
 " The firemen were soon at the scene, and busily working for the 
 recovery of the bodies, under the direction of Chief Lakin. A stream was 
 thrown on to the smouldering fire where the engine had fallen, which was soon 
 extinguished. The firemen then, by the aid of the ladders, rescued two or 
 three men who were clinging to the outer walls of the building, and had 
 fortunately not fallen with the tower. Chief Lakin ascended to the second 
 floor and extricated Augustus Lucas, engineer of the upper engine, and he 
 was conveyed to his home on Court street, where a dislocated hip was 
 reduced by Dr. Burns. Doctors Fitch, Yincent, Richings, and others, 
 treated the other wounded. 
 
 "7%e Cause. — The cause of this terrible calamity is easily understood 
 and explained. The square base of the dome or tower was 80 or 90 feet 
 from the ground, and rested in front on the wall over the arched grand 
 portal. The rear part of it projected inside the building and was supported 
 by two iron-fluted pillars, which rested on two columnar projections behind 
 the portal, built of brick. These brick supports crumbled and let down the 
 entire rear portion of the tower, which of course caused the destruction of 
 the entire dome, some of it falling outward over the front, but the" main 
 part pitched over into the interior of the building and demolished much of 
 the inside work, some of the flying rocks shooting clear out of the windows 
 at the rear of the structure. 
 
 "A fearful responsibility rests upon some one, a responsibility which 
 will be rightly placed as time progresses. 
 
 "Crowds from all parts of the city surged in and around the court- 
 house, and the police with difiiculty prevented them from interfering with 
 the workmen among the debris. All the afternoon they toiled, but the sun 
 went down while yet poor Hollenbeck and Haug remained m the ruins. 
 The wounded men were all properly cared for, and noiie of them had died 
 at nightfall., though it was stated by the physicians that Peck and Harris, at 
 the City Hotel, would probably die. 
 
 " The wife of the man killed, Flannigan, while riding to her home on 
 Charles street, on her return from the terrible scene of her husband's death, 
 fainted and was taken into Thos. Scott's coal office, where she was attended 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 375 
 
 by Dr. Clark, some ladies comins^ to his assistance, as Mrs. Flannigan was 
 e7iciente, and fears were entertained from the result of her great agitation, 
 
 " It was a noteworthy circumstance that scarcely a groan, and no out- 
 cry escaped the wounded men. They all seemed paralyzed by the terrible 
 shock and uttered not a sound. 
 
 "JL Thorough Investigation. — A coronor's jury was impaneled at about 
 four o'clock, consisting of the following well-known citizens: Hon. S. M. 
 Church, foreman; D. L. Emerson, (ieo. Wilson, W. il. Smith, Thomas 
 Butterworth, H. W. Carpenter. A. G. Lowry, J. W. Seccomb, Geo. S. Has- 
 kell, G. A. Sanford, John 11. Porter, J. B. Howell. 
 
 " An inquest was held on the four bodies recovered at that time and 
 then lying in the old court-house. The jury then adjourned, to meet this 
 morning at nine o'clock, at the City Council Rooms. The jury will, if pos- 
 sible, ascertain at whose door lies the criminal responsibility for this terri- 
 ble disaster. Somebody is to blame for the yaoposed construction of a 
 building which was liable to fall at any moment and crush to death those it 
 was intended to shelter and protect, and it is the duty of this jury to ascer- 
 tain, if possible, who the guilty parties are, and let the censure rest where it 
 belongs. 
 
 '"^Killed. — Fred Haug, and A. Hollenbeck, still in ruins; John 
 "Warren, A. Haug, John -Pipe, George Gloss, Timothy Flannigan, bodies 
 recovered. 
 
 " Wounded. — ^ August Lucas, hip dislocated and cut on the head; Thos. 
 Hayes, severe cut on the head; Wm. Mclnnis, slightly; John Peck, leg 
 crushed, dangerously wounded; Geo. Smith, slightly; Hugh Eldridge, 
 slightly cut in the head; Cicero Dickerson, slightly; Hendrez Beldalil, 
 dangerously; Isaac Donelly, slightly; John Donaldson, missing; Frank 
 Harris, badly; Linholm, badly. 
 
 "Some of the wounded are in a critical condition. Of the killed, but 
 two, Hollenbeck and Flannigan, lived in liockford, the others coming with 
 Mr. Richardson from Springlield. 
 
 ^''Memorial Service. — At a meeting of the ptistors of the cliurches of 
 the city last evening, it was decided to hold public services expressive of the 
 Christian sjnnpathy of the citizens of Rockford with the sulferers in the 
 late calamity at the new court-house, in the Second Congregational Church, 
 to-morrow (Sunday) evening, at 7: 30 p. m. Addresses will be made by 
 clergymen and citizens. 
 
 "•At the close of the services, a collection and subscription will be taken 
 for the benefit of the lamilies of the killed and injured, as it is understood 
 that several of these families will be left in great destitution by the loss of 
 husbands and fathers. It is hoped that a generous contribution will be 
 received at the services. 
 
 " Thanks for Aid. — Mr. Richardson, the contractor, desires to express 
 his profound thanks to the citizens of Rockford for the prompt and timely 
 aid rendered him at this dire calamity, in rescuing the wounded, and also 
 for the many manifestations of sympathy extended the sulferers. 
 
 ''Later. — Saturday morning, 6 o'clock. — -A large gang of hands were 
 engaged all night in clearing away the debris, but up to this time neither 
 of the remaining bodies have been recovered. This work will be continued 
 during the day with an increased force," 
 
 From the Sunday edition. — "■ Many rumors and much gossip have 
 circulated among our citizens since the great disaster happened. Of course, 
 
376 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 the all absorbing question is, "'Who is responsible?" Our yesterday's edi- 
 tion gave what we had good reason to think was the truth in reference to 
 an alleged difference of opinion between Mr. Richardson and the building 
 committee in regard to the strength of the building. The statement which 
 we made reflected slightly on the liberality of the Board of Supervisors, 
 and intimated that they had perhaps adhered too pertinaciously to the build- 
 ing contract. The committee naturally took umbrage to this view, and 
 have so expressed themselves to us. The Journal has no intention of do- 
 ing the gentlemen injustice, and has taken pains to get an expression of 
 views from Messrs. Ferguson and Haines, of the building committee, and 
 of the architect, Mr. Gay, as well as of Mr. Richardson. Our reporter met 
 Mr. Gay at the court-house, in company with E. B. Sumner, Esq., and was 
 introduced by the latter gentleman. The following conversation ensued: 
 
 " Reporter — Mr. Gay, ha\'e you anything to say through the Journal 
 in regard to this great calamity ? We should be pleased to give you ample 
 oj^portunity for expression in our columns, if you desire to use them. 
 
 " Mr. Gay — I have but just arrived, and until I have secured a thor- 
 ough investigation, I prefer to give no expression in regard to the matter. 
 
 " Reporter — Then you intend to have an investigation? 
 
 "Mj-. Gay — I do; as thorough an investigation as possible. Until that 
 transpires I am unable to express an opinion regarding the disaster. I am 
 willing to bear the revelations of a thorough investigation. What results 
 therefrom does not concern me nearly as much as the recovery of these 
 dead men from the ruins. My feelings of sorrow for the sad result of the 
 calamity are inexpressible. All other considerations aie unimportant to 
 me in comparison to this fearful loss of life and suffering. 
 
 " Reporter — Is it true, Mr. Gay, that there has been all along a disa- 
 greement between yourself and Mr. Richardson in regard to particulars of 
 construction in the building, or its strength? 
 
 " Mr. Gay — No, sir. 
 
 " Reporter — Has not Mr. Richardson intimated to you at sundry times 
 that the construction was too weak in parts? 
 
 " Mr. Gay — No, sir — you see I have not been here to examine the 
 work since February; and you know how it was then; everything appeared 
 all right, so far as I could see. 
 
 " Reporter — Those brick piers, or columns, were the supports of the 
 iron pillars above and the inside wall of the pavilion, were they not, and 
 were they so designed in the plans and specifications? 
 
 " Mr. Gay — Yes; they were Ihe supports of that portion of the pavil- 
 ion, in accordance with the design. 
 
 " Further questioning in regard to the cause of failure of these sup- 
 ports was evaded by Mr. Gay, and the conversation was diverted by the ap- 
 proach of Mayor Ferguson, chairman of the court-house building com- 
 mittee. 
 
 " The Mayor began to reprimand the Journal for its statement regard- 
 ing the attitude of the building committee and the Board of Supervisors, 
 which our representative took with the meekness usual with the craft. 
 Then the following colloquy ensued: 
 
 "Reporter — Mr. Ferguson, it has been reported ' that a difference 
 had all along existed between the building committee, representing 
 the Board of Supervisors, and the contractor, Mr. Richardson, in regard to 
 certain features of the construction, arising from the fact that the con- 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. . 379 
 
 tractor desired certain modifications of the original j)lan so as to make the 
 building stronger and better. 
 
 " Mr. Ferguson — There has not a word passed between the contractor 
 and ourselves in regard to such a matter — not a solitary word. We have 
 not had the least intimation that anything was wrong. We have repeat- 
 edly gone over the building with Mr. Richardson, and satisfaction was ex- 
 pressed with the nature and progress of the work by all parties. 
 
 " This was the most important part of Mr. Ferguson's statement to us. 
 He further stated, also, that nothing would be done about renewing the 
 work till a meeting of the Board of Supervisors, which would be called im- 
 mediately. When asked if he thought the construction would go on, he 
 replied that he could not say for certain. All would depend on the action 
 of the Board. 
 
 " Mr. Richardson, when approached, was not at all inclined to talk. 
 He said that he was placed in a very trying position, and denied that any 
 disagreement had arisen between himself and the Supervisors. 
 
 " From our conversation with all the above mentioned parties, we were 
 impressed with the idea that they formed a coterie a good deal more solid than 
 fhat fatal brick support of the fallen pavilion; that it would take a very 
 pertinacious oyster knife to pry open the shell of 'keep mum' in which they 
 had encased themselves. One fact they could not deny. The tower had 
 fallen, and eight lives and a heavy cost to the county were the sacrifice. 
 There was a defect somewhere. It was a significant fact, too, that Mr. 
 Richardson and Mr. Latham had but a moment before tlie catastrophe been 
 peering about at the now ruined pavilion. Why did they do it? Mr. La 
 tham nearly let tlie cat escape from the bag by his answer to the coroner's 
 inquest, when he said that they were looking to^ see wdiether the tower was 
 defective or not. 
 
 "It is now quite evident that the blame will be made to rest on the 
 nature of the brick in the supports. It is said that they were too soft; and 
 that if they had been as hard as ordinary Milwaukee brick, they would have 
 been sufficiently strong for the purpose. If that were so, it seems as if 
 somebody ought to have known that the l.>rick were too soft. The pending 
 investigation will probably bring out the facts in the case; at all events, 
 the coroner's jury should sift the matter to the very bottom, so that the 
 truth shall be revealed, if possible. Justice to all parties demands nothing 
 less. 
 
 "The toilers in the ruins worked like Titans last night among the 
 debris in the northwest room and in the hall-way in the rear of that roon), 
 under the direction of Tom Force. At a little past twelve their ghastly 
 labors were rewarded by the discovery of the bodies of Ilollenbeck and 
 Haug, down deep under massive poi'tions of the stone- work. A huge 
 stone, about five feet square, lay in a tilted position, one edge resting on ihe 
 body of Hollenbeck, Hang's body laying across Hollenbeck's legs. Atop of 
 Haug lay a couple of large sculptured stones, of vast weight. Hollenbeck's 
 head lay away under the rock above him, and his arm was stretched out 
 and pinioned between undiscovered rocks, 'i'o extricate the body of Hol- 
 lenbeck, it was necessary to drill through the tilted stone and break a por- 
 tion off. Then the body was removed, by separating it from the arm, 
 which latter is still under the rock. Hang's body was jammed and doubled 
 up beyond semblance of a man, but that of Hollenbeck was in tolerable 
 preservation. The bodies were extricated about 5 a. m. Both were depos- 
 
 21 
 
380 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 ited in the dead room of the old court-house to await the action of the 
 inquest. 
 
 "Harris, who is at the City Hotel, suffered amputation of his leg at 
 about 11 o'clock. Dr. Vincent performed the operation, assisted by Drs. 
 McAffee, Tibbets, Knight and Hill. The patient is doing well. He lies 
 in a state ot stupor, which usually supervenes after amputation. The other 
 wounded men are doing as well as could be expected. 
 
 ^''Latest. — Lindholm, one of the Swedes injured, died last night at 9 
 o'clock, and Peck, at the City Hotel, died this morning at 12:45, thus mak- 
 ing nine persons dead from the disaster. One of the limbs of Harris, also 
 at the City Hotel, is so badly crushed that the physicians have decided on 
 amputation, which will be done this morning. The remaining wounded, so 
 far as we have been able to learn at time ot going to press, ure doing well. 
 
 "The Board of Supervisors will be called together in a few days, to 
 provide for this unlooked for disaster and new complication. 
 
 . "The funeral of John Peck, the dead man at the City Hotel, will be 
 held to-day at 10 o'clock, Rev. D. M. Reed officiating. Two sisters of the 
 deceased arrived here from Rochester, Minnesota, this morning. 
 
 "The investigation will be entered upon speedily. The coroner's jury 
 have requested Mayor Ferguson to visit Chicago, and he will probably go 
 to-night. There he will jorocure the advice of building experts, and arrange 
 for a thorough investigation," 
 
 Saturday evening the pastors of the several churches met in consulta- 
 tion and arranged to hold memorial services at the Second Congregational 
 Church, on Sunday evening, to give expression to the Christian sympathy 
 entertained by the citizens of Rockford with the sufferers in the terrible 
 disaster. At this meeting, which was a large one, Duncan Ferguson, Esq., 
 chairman of the Board of Supervisors, presided. Addresses were made by 
 clergymen and citizens, and a collection taken up for the benefit of the 
 maimed and wounded, and for the families of the killed — several of the 
 families being left in great destitution. It is needless ta add that the 
 response was hearty and substantial. 
 
 The inquest and inquiry as to the cause or causes of the disaster was 
 commenced on Tuesday, the 15th of May, 1877. A large number of build- 
 ing experts and other witnesses were sworn and examined. Among the 
 former were Messrs. Gay, the architect; Richardson, the building contractor; 
 W. W. Boyington, Augustus Bauer, J. R. Willett, and L. D. Cleveland, the 
 four last named gentlemen being Chicago architects of standing and experi- 
 ence. Twelve days were spent in this investigation. The testimony was 
 very voluminous — too much so to be incorporated in this book, and with an 
 explanatory^ article from the Rockford Journal of May 19, and the finding 
 of the Coroner's Jury, the subject will be dismissed from these pages. 
 
 The Journal said: "Before entering upon a recital of the evidence 
 adduced at the Coroner's inquest in the great court-house c;ise, we will, as 
 plainly as possible, explain fhe manner in which the fallen pavilion was 
 supported, and why it fell. AH who have seen it are familiar with the 
 appearance of the grand central dome or pavilion of the now dishonored 
 court-house; how it hung aloft over the grand portal, a thing of marvelous 
 grace and beauty; and so absorbed were we all with its growth in symme- 
 try and perfection, day by day, that we never stopped to inquire how it 
 hung there, or how adequate were its supports. (And it has ]3roved that 
 some, whose business it was to think of that, were in a daze, as well.) That 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 381 
 
 marvel of beauty, alas, was no ethereal thing, but had dead weight, pressing 
 upon its supports with a ponderability estimated, with a strange variance 
 in authorities, from 480 to 840 tons. The front, or north half, of the pavilion 
 was supported by the exterior wall of the building, and the arched entrance 
 of the facade. The south side of the pavilion hung away over into the 
 interior of the building on a line with the wall partitioning the front rooms 
 from the vaults next south of them. This south side was supported on two 
 iron columns, !22 feet in height, which rested on a columnar section of wall. 
 
 This wall was the regular partitioning wall between the northwest front 
 room and a vault in the rear, as before stated, and was 36 feet in height 
 from the foundation. It was a hollow wall, with twelve inches of brick on 
 one side and eight on the other side of the four inch vacuum. At the point 
 where the iron pavilion-supporting pillar stood was a section two feet four 
 inches square, and built up solid. A pilaster, or projection on the vault, or 
 south side, of four inches, was built up with the wall. This section of the 
 wall is what has been familiarly called the "pier," or column, in conversa- 
 tion and reports. It is not properly a column or pier at all, but merely a 
 section of the wall proper. On \h% top of this section of wall was placed a 
 Joliet cap-stone, two feet square; on this an iron plate two inches thick. 
 On this pedestal stood the iron column, which reached up to the dome above 
 and feebly held back a doom which the unconscious workmen had been 
 piling up there for months. The cause of the catastrophe, now, is easily 
 reached. The hundreds of tons of weight in the pavilion simply crushed 
 the brick support underneath, and the fearful crash came. The brick wall 
 was raised its entire height of thirty- six feet without a single bond-stone, 
 and though Chicago experts say that if it had been properly constructed it 
 would have sustained the superincumbent weight, Messrs. Richardson and 
 Pipe say that it was entirely inadequate to support the weight put upon it." 
 
 On Tuesday afternoon, May 29, 1877, the Coroner's Jury returned the 
 following verdict: 
 State of Illinois, ) 
 Winnebago Co. \ ' ' 
 
 An inquisition indented and taken for the people of the State of Illi- 
 nois, at the Citv Council Chambers, in the citv of Rockford, in said Winne- 
 bago County, on llth, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th,"'l6th, I7th, 18th, 19th, 21st, 
 and 22d days of May, A. D. 1877, before me, Judson D. Burns, Coroner of 
 said Winnebago County, in the State of Illinois, after viewing the bodies of 
 Frederick Ilaug, Albert Haug, Timothy Flannigan, John Pipe, Geo. Gloss, 
 John Warren, Almira Hollenbeck, John T. Pick, and Jared F. Harris, then 
 and there lying dead, upon the oaths of Selden M. Church, Foreman; H. 
 W. Carpenter, Geo. S. Haskell, John R. Porter, G. A. Santord, J. B. 
 Howell, Thos. Butterworth, Geo. Wilson, J. W. Seccomb, D. L. Emerson, 
 Wm. IT. Smith, A. G. Lowrey, good and lawful men of said Winnebago 
 County, who, being duly sworn to inquire upon the part of the people of 
 the State of Illinois, into all tha circumstances attending the death of the 
 persons aforesaid, whose bodies they have viewed, arid by whom the same 
 was produced, and in what manner, and when and where the said dead 
 bodies aforesaid came to their death, do say, upon their oaths aforesaid, that 
 the said Frederick Haug, Albert Haug, Timothy Flannigan, John Pipe, Geo. 
 Gloss, John Warren, Almira Hollenbeck, John T. Pick and Jared T. Harris 
 were lying, when found, in the debris of the Court House of Winnebago 
 Countv, State of Illinois, said court-house thep being nnder construction 
 
382 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 and situated in tlie city of Tiockford, west of Kock Hiver, in an enclosure 
 known as Court House Square, in the County of Winnebago and State of 
 Illinois aforesaid, on the 11th and 12th days of May, A. D. 1877, and that 
 the said dead bodies aforesaid, when so found as aforesaid, appeared badly 
 mutilated and crushed; and so the jurors aforesaid upon their oaths do say 
 that the said Frederick Ilaug, Albert Haug, Timothy Flannigan, John Pipe, 
 Geo. Gloss, John Warren, Almira Hollenbeck, John T. Pick and Jared F. 
 Harris came to their death aforesaid by the reason of the falling of part of the 
 main pavilion of the aforesaid court-house, on Friday, the lltli day of May, 
 1877, at the hour of 11:30 a. m., or thereabouts, the above named persons 
 killed being mechanics and laborers employed upon and about the aforesaid 
 court-house, at the time of the falling. 
 
 THE CAUSE. 
 
 That the cause of said falling is, first, The neglect of Henry L. Gay, 
 the architect of the said building, to provide for the great amount of weight 
 called for to complete the construction of said building, according to plans 
 as designed by him. 
 
 Second, That want of care or prudence on the part of said architect, in 
 not giving special specifications and plans for the part or parts of the gen- 
 eral plan required or expected to carry the extra weight, in proportion to 
 their superficies. 
 
 We find that the Board of Supervisors failed to use that caution in ex- 
 amining the plans and specifications that the construction of a building of 
 that magnitude would seem to require, and that they acted unwisely in not 
 employing a competent architect to superintend the construction of the 
 same. And so the jury do find. — Selden M. Church, Hiram W. Carpenter, 
 Geo. S. Haskell, John R. Porter, Goodyear A. Sanford, Jas. B. Howell, 
 Thos. Butterworth, Geo. Wilson, Jos. W, Seccomb, D. L. Emerson, Wm. 
 H, Smith, Andrew G. Lowry. 
 
 The within verdict was made up and signed and delivered to me this 
 23d day of May, A. D. 1877. Judson D, Burns, 
 
 Coroner Winnebago County. 
 
 The direful disaster thus disposed of, its cause established, the responsi- 
 bility fixed where it belonged, the dead buried and the wounded provided 
 for, the Board of Supervisors next turned their attention to the strengthen- 
 ing of the building, that a similar calamity might be averted. Messrs, 
 William S. Smith, engineer, of Maywood; David S. Doig, architect, Rock- 
 ford, and Aaron' Houghton, Durand, were designated as a committee of 
 experts to make such changes in the plans as would give the building all 
 necessary strength in every part, and to determine the nature and extent of 
 the repairs necessary to restore it to such condition as would permit its com- 
 pletion. This committee found a number of defects or weak places, for 
 which they suggested strengthening remedies, which were adopted and 
 carried out. Tliis committee was also instructed to make estimates on the 
 cost of restoring the building to its condition previous to its falling, and 
 the probable cost of such alterations as they found necessary to be made to 
 insure the necessary strength, etc. On the 13th of June this committee 
 submitted a report, from which the following figures are extracted: 
 
 Cost of restoring the building - $27,600 
 
 Cost of additions and alterations 18,515 
 
 Total ,,...,,..........^ , $46,115 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 383 
 
 The same date Mr. Richardson proposed to take the court-house as it 
 stood, and complete it according to the plans and specifications as altered 
 ])y the committee of experts, for the additional sum (to the contract price) 
 of $46,000, making the whole sum to be paid to him for the Court House, 
 when completed, $206,000, it being stipulated in this propositiou that all 
 the rubbish and material about the building should belong to him, and that 
 he should be allowed to use the same in reconstructing the building so far 
 as the building superintendent should approve. On the 14th of June the 
 Board of Supervisors voted to accept the proposition of Mr. Richardson, 
 and the building commitsee were instructed to enter into the necessary 
 contract with him for the faithful fulfillment of his proposition. In con- 
 sideration of Mr. Richardson being awarded the rubbish occasioned by the 
 falling of the dome, etc., he released all claims that he might have against 
 the county for any and all damages, of whatever kind, that he had sustained 
 by the disaster. All the details thus completed, work was resumed, and 
 has been prosecuted without further interruption. On the ITth of June, 
 David S. Doig was appointed building superintendent, in place of F. E. 
 Latham, resigned, and to which duty he gave his entire and undivided 
 attention. Not a single piece of material was allowed to be put in the 
 wall without he had first examined it and found it to be suited every way 
 to the place it was designed to occupy, and then put in place under his 
 immediate supervision. In this way. and with the adoption of the plans 
 matured by the committee of experts for strengthening the building, the 
 Winnebago Court House was made one of the strongest in the State. The 
 fallen dome was a model of beauty and symmetry, but its supports were too 
 weak to sustain its great weight. The design was a grand one, but there is 
 no doubt but the architect who designed it became so lost in the contempla- 
 tion of the beauty of the model his brain had fashioned, that he overlooked 
 the great and necessary element of strength in the supports upon which it 
 was calculated to rest. 
 
 Among the alterations proposed by Mr. Richardson, was iron instead 
 of wooden rafters for the roof, covered with sheeting boards and tin covering 
 (same as in the original), and the under side of the roof to be covered with 
 wire cloth and two coats of cement j)lastering. When this building is fully 
 completed, it will be a proud and lasting monument to the spirit of the 
 people by whom it was built; and only the remembrance of one thing will 
 cause them regret as they contemplate its majestic walls, its graceful and 
 towering' dome, and its unsurpassed interior arrangement and finish — tlie 
 death dimster of May 11, A. D. 1877. The horrors and memories of that 
 occasion will live in the minds of men so long as the walls of the building 
 endure. 
 
 In closing this chapter, it is but simple justice to the worth and merit 
 or Mr. Duncan Ferguson, member and chairman of the Board of Super- 
 visors and chairman of the Building Committee from the inception of the 
 undertaking, to remark that he spared no eftbrt to secure to the county all 
 that was contemplated by the people when they determined to build a court- 
 house that would be in' keeping with the M^ealth and importance of the 
 county. The duties of such a position could not have been assigned to a 
 more prudent, careful and determined gentleman. To him and his asso- 
 ciates on the committee, Messrs. A. Haines, F. E. Latham, H. Mackey, 
 and J. B. Merritt, from the letting of the contract until April, 1877; and 
 A. Haines, J. B. Merritt, J. R. Herring and J. H. Kirk, from April, 1877, 
 
384 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 tlie people owe enlarged consideration and recognition tor the very 
 economic and careful manner in which they have guarded their interests in 
 the management of this enterprise, uniniluenced by "rings, " "jobbery," 
 or "favoritism." 
 
 THE PRESS. 
 
 The first newspaper established in the county was the Rock River 
 Express. Its publication was commenced in the village of Rockford, May 
 4, 1840, by B. J. Gray. It was Whig in politics. After being 23ublished 
 one year, the press and materials were sold and removed from the place. 
 
 The Rockford Star, Democratic, was started in 1840, by Philander 
 Knappen. This paper was run for a little over a year, when it was trans- 
 ferred to John A. Brown, and continued under the name of the Rockford 
 Pilot. 
 
 Rockford, Pilot., Democratic, was commenced July 22, 1841, by John 
 A. Brown. This paper was a successor to the Star, and was pul.'lished till 
 October, 1842. During a portion of this time, also a Universalist paper, 
 entitled The Better Covenant, William Ronnseviile, editor, was printed at 
 the Pilot office. 
 
 Winnehago Forum, Whig, established February, 1843, by J. Ambrose 
 Wight, who transferred it in the August following to Austin Colton. The 
 title was afterwards changed to Rockford Forum. Mr. Colton continued 
 its publisher for nearly eleven years. The establishment was purchased by 
 Elijah W. Blaisdell, Jr., in 1854, and the name of the paper was changed 
 to Rockford Repnhlican. Mr. Blaisdell subsequently took his brother, 
 Tlichard P. Blaisdell, into partnership, l)y whom the paper was published 
 until 1862, when it was purchased by Elias 0. Daugherty, and merged into 
 the Rockford Register, of which he was the proprietor. 
 
 Rockford Free Press, established in October, 1848, by Henry W. De 
 Puy, as a free soil, or "Barnburner" organ. It was published until Feb- 
 ruary, 1850, when it was discontinued for want of patronage. 
 
 Rock River Democrat, established in June, 1852, as a Democratic paper, 
 by Benjamin Holt, in which David T. Dickson afterwards purchased an 
 interest. In 1855, Rhenodyne A. Bird purchased the interest of Mr. Holt. 
 The Democrat was published by Messrs. Dickson & Bird until May 1, 1864, 
 when it was purchased by Isaiah S. Hyatt, who continued its publication 
 until June 12, 1865, when the office was sold to the present Register Com- 
 pany. 
 
 Rockford Register, established February, 1855, as a Republican paper, 
 by Elias C. Daugherty, who continued its publication until June 12, 1865, 
 when the entire establishment, and also the Rock River Demoont office, 
 were purchased by a joint stock company, known as the Rockford Register 
 Company, by whom it has been published to the present time. 
 
 Rockford Wesleyan Seminary Reporter, a monthly publication, com- 
 menced in October, 1857. Only four numbers of this paper were issued. 
 It was pul)lished by W. F. Stewart, for the Wesleyan Seminary Company, 
 
 Democratic- Standard, established October 30, 1858, by Springsteen 
 & Parks, as a Democratic organ. After three or four weeks, the Standard 
 was ])ublished by Henry I*arks, alone, until Feliruary 5, 1859, when David 
 G. Croly became pi-oprietor of the establishment. On the 18th of May fol- 
 lowing, the proprietorship was changed to D. G. Croly & Co., John H. 
 Grove being known as the '"Oo." On the suspension of the News, April 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 385 
 
 30, 1860, and the withdrawal of Mr. Crolj, the publication of the Standard 
 was continued by John H. Grove and James S. Ticknor, for a few months, 
 wh'U it was sold to James E. and Joseph H. Fox, who established the 
 Daily News, Kepublican, issuing the first number on the 10th of Decem- 
 ber, 1860. In a few weeks they also commenced the issue of The Weekly 
 News. The publication of the News was continued until Sept. 21, 1861, 
 when the establishment was sold to Elias C. Daugherty, of the Register^ 
 and its further publication ceased. 
 
 Daily News, established by David G. Croly, February 8, 1859. Neu- 
 tral in politics. The publication of the News was continued to April 30, 
 1860, when it was suspended from a lack of patronage. 
 
 Daily Register, Kepublican, established by Elias C. Dauglierty, June 
 1, 1859, but discontinued at the end of three months. Was renewed in 
 October, 1877. 
 
 Rock River Mirror, neutral in pc)litics; established September 6, 
 1859, by Allen Gibson, by whom it is still published. Printed at the Reg- 
 ister office. 
 
 Rockton Gazette, established at Rockton, 1857, by Funk & Phelps. 
 Soon after its commencement, Mr. Funk retired, and its publication was 
 continued for about a year by K. W. Phelps. Not being well sustained, 
 the office and fixtures were removed to Burlington, Wisconsin. 
 
 Pecatonica Independent, established May, 1859, at Pecatonica, by J. 
 E. Duncan. Its publication was continued for a little over a year, when the 
 office was removed to Darlington, Wisconsin. 
 
 People's Press, Democratic, was established July 25, 1865, by W. P. 
 Furey, who published it until May, 1866, when a joint stock company was 
 organized, who continued its publication until September 1, 1866, when it 
 was discontinued, having met the same fate with many of its predecessors 
 — died for want of patronage, 
 
 Winnebago County Chief. Republican, established Nov. 21, 1866, by 
 J. P. Irvine, who subsequently admitted as a partner, Hiram R. Enoch. 
 This partnership continued till 1870, when Mr, Enoch bought out the in- 
 terest of Mr. Irvine, aud changed the name of the paper to that of the 
 Rockford Journal, of which he is still the editor and publisher. Mr. 
 Enoch is an easy, graceful, bold and independent writer, and, although not 
 always popular with the masses because of his political independence and 
 his disposition to call things by their right names, the Journal is always 
 sought after because of its reliability as a ?i(3?/)6'-paper. Mr. Enoch is a 
 careful business man, and has succeeded in placing the Journal on a sub- 
 stantial financial basis, and by perseverence and industry has worked his 
 way up from a settler's boy in 1835 to his present position, as manager and 
 editor of a newspaper whose influence is acknowledged tliroughout the 
 country. 
 
 Rockford Gazette, Republican, established November, 1866, by I. S. 
 Hyatt, who continued its publication until September, 1867, when it was 
 sold to A. E. and W. E. Smith, its present proprietors. 
 
 Words for Jesus, monthly, a religious publication, commenced Octo- 
 ber, 1867, by Thos. J. and Hugh Lamont: Printed at the Register office. 
 
 Golden Censer, semi-monthly, a religious paper, John Lemley editor, 
 established April, 1868. Printed at the Register office. 
 
 In addition to these, The Spirit Advocate, a monthly issue advocating 
 the Spiritual doctrines, was published 1854 aud 1855, printed at the 
 
386 HISTOET OF WINNEBAGO COUNTT. 
 
 Repuhlicaii o^ce. Dr. George Haskell and Henrj P. Kimball were its 
 editors and chief supervisors. 
 
 Leaves from 1^ or est Hill^^ monthly, was published for some time 
 during the school year, by the young ladies ot Rockford Female Seminary. 
 
 OFFICIAL RECOED. 
 
 The following is a complete official record of the State Senators, Rep- 
 resentatives, Delegates to Constitutional Conventions, Circuit Judges, 
 Clerks of the Circuit Courts, County Commissioners, County Justices, 
 Clerks of County Court, County Clerks, Judges of Probate, State's Attor- 
 neys, Sheriifs, Coroners, Recorders. School Commissioners and Superin- 
 tendents, County Treasurers, County Surveyors, Masters in Chancery, and 
 Chairmen of the Board of Supervisors, in the order here named, who have 
 served the people in these various capacities since the first election, Mon- 
 day, Aug. 1, 1836. As a means of ready reference, this record will prove 
 invaluable. 
 
 State Senators. — Anson S. Miller, elected 1846: Alfred E. Ames, 
 1848; Thos. B. Talcott, 1850; Wait Talcott, 1854; Zenas S. Aplington, 
 1858; Cornelius Lansing, 1862 to 1866; A. C. Fuller, 1866; re-elected 
 1870, with John Early, under the new constitution of 1870 giving the old 
 senatorial districts an additional member. In 1872, Mr. Early was again 
 elected, and continued as senatorial representative until his death in August, 
 1877. His last term would have expired November, 1878. 
 
 Representatives. — Germanicus Kent, elected 1838; Darius Adams, 
 1842; Anson S. MiHer, 1844; Robt. J. Cross, 1846; Wilson H. Crandall, 
 1848; Horace Miller, 1850; Abraham I. Enoch, 1852; Wm. Lyman, 1854; 
 Wm. Lathrop, 1856; E. W. Blaisdell, Jr., 1858; Alfred E. Hale, 1860; 
 Selden M. Church, 1862; Wm. Brown, 1864; Abraham I. Enoch, 1866; 
 Ephraim Sumner, 1868; D. E. Adams and Jas. M. Wight, 1870; R.J. 
 Cross, D. J. Stewart and Jesse S. Hildrup, 1872. Cross died in 1873; R. 
 F. Crawford succeeded to the vacancy. R. F. Crawford, Andrew Ashton, 
 and M. K. Avery, 1874; Andrew Ashton, George H. Hollister and John 
 Budlong, 1876. 
 
 senatorial and representative districts. 
 
 Previous to 1840, the Districts of which Winnebago County formed a 
 part included all the tract of country bounded by a line commencing at the 
 northwest corner of the State of Illinois (several miles north and west of 
 Galena), and running thence along the Mississippi river to a point far be- 
 low Rock Island; tlience easterly across the country to a point from whence 
 the line ran north to the southern line of Wisconsin, at the northeost corner 
 of Winnebago County, and enclosing the entire Rock River Yalley, in Illi- 
 nois, as welf as a large extent ot country below the mouth of Rock river. 
 These vast Districts, extending from Dubuque almost to St. Louis, were 
 respectively entitled to two representatives and one senator. One of these 
 representatives was conceded to Winnebago County as early as 1838 — be- 
 fore she had attained the age of two years — as appears by the election of 
 Mr. Kent. Under the apportionment of 1840, and before she had arrived at 
 the fourth year of her existence, so rapid had been the increase of popula- 
 tion that Winnebago alone was made a representative district, and so has 
 
CO SUP'T OF SCHOOLS 
 ROCKFORD. 
 
^ 
 
 I 
 
HISTORY OF WrtrarEBAGO COUNTY. 389 
 
 continued under all the apportionments since made. She constitutes at 
 this time the Fifty-fifth representative district. The counties of AVinne- 
 bago and Ogle were made a senatorial district under the apportionment of 
 1840; Winnebago, McHenry and Boone, under the new constitution in 
 1847; Winnebago, Boone, Ogle and Carroll, under the apportionment of 
 1854; and Winnebago, Boone, Mcllenry and Lake, under the apportion- 
 ment of 1861, and Winnebago and Boone under the apportionment of 
 18T0-1, and is now known as the Ninth District. 
 
 Delegates. — Delegates to the convention of 1847, to frame a new con- 
 stitution for the State, Robt. J. Cross and Selden M. Church; delegate to 
 convention in 1862, Porter Sheldon; delegate to convention in 1870, R. J. 
 Cross. 
 
 Circuit Judges. — Dan Stone of Galena, 1836 to 1841; Thomas C. 
 Browne, of Chicago, 1841 to 1847; Jesse B. Thomas, of Chicago, 1847 to 
 1848; Hugh T. 'Dickev, of Chicago, 1848 to 1849;' Hugh Henderson, of 
 Joliet, lS4y to 1851; Benj. E. Sheldon, of Galena, 1851 to 1870; Wm. M. 
 Brown, 1870; *Wm. W. Heaton, of Dixon, July, 1877; Joseph M. Bailey, 
 of Freeport, July, 1877. 
 
 Winnebago has belonged to a circuit covering at first a large number 
 of counties, and even as lately as 1851, as will be seen, extending from the 
 Mississippi to Lake Michigan, but gradually diminishing as population in- 
 creased and required more compact districts, until it now only includes the 
 three counties of Jo Daviess, Stephenson and Winnebago. 
 
 Clerks of the Circuit Court. — Jas. Mitchell, 1836 to 1846; Jason 
 Marsh, 1846 to 1847; Chas. H. Spaiford, 1847 to 1856; Morris B. Derrick, 
 1856 to 1860; O. A. Pennoyer, 1860 to 1864; Wm. N. Capwell, 1864 to 
 1868; Evans Blake, 1868 to 1876; T. M. Butler, 1876 to 1880. 
 
 County Commissioners. — Thomas B. Talcott, 1836 to 1841; Simon P. 
 Doty, 1836 to 1837; William E. Dunbar, 1836 to 1842; Herman B. Potter, 
 1837 to 1838; Elijah H.Brown, 1838 to 1840; Ezra S. Cable, 1840 to 
 1846; William Huiin, 1841 to 1844; Spencer Post, 1842 to 1848; Samuel 
 Cunningham, 1844 to 1847; John M. Hulett, 1846 to 1849; Eichmond L. 
 Hudson, 1847 to 1849; Abraham I. Enoch, 1848 to 1849. 
 
 The County Commissioners' Court was abolished by the new constitu- 
 tion, and the County Court succeeded it. 
 
 County Justices. — Selden M. Church, judge, 1849 to 1857; Anson S. 
 Miller, judge, 1857 to 1865; Abram S. Van Dyke, judge, 1865; Stephen 
 Mack, associate justice, 1849 to 1850; David Weld, associate justice, 1849 
 to 1853; Henry Putnam, associate justice, 1850 to 1853; Asher Boach, asso- 
 ciate justice, 1853 to 1857; Alfred E. Hale, associate justice, 1853 to 1857; 
 William E. Weld, associate justice, 1857 to 1865; James A. Wilson, asso- 
 ciate justice, 1857 to 1861; Abram S. Van Dyke, associate justice, 1861 to 
 1865; John E. Herring, associate justice, 1865; Chandler A. Dunwell, 
 associate justice, 1865. 
 
 I 
 
 *By an act of the General Assembly, in force July 1, 1877, the First Judicial Circuit, of 
 which Winnebago County formed a part, was consolidated with the Third Circuit, and made 
 the Thirteenth Circuit, and an additional judge elected for the new circuit. Under this act, 
 Judge Heaton, formerly of the Third Circuit, and Judge Bailey, elected July 1, lb>77, pursuant 
 to the provisions of the act, became judges of the Circuit Court of Winnebago County. 
 
 21% 
 
390 mSTOET OF WINNEBAGO COtTNTT. 
 
 Clerk of the County Coitkt. — William Hulin, 1849. The County 
 Court, composed of one county judge and two associate justices, had charge 
 of the count}^ business as the successor of the County Commissioners' 
 Court, until the organization of the Board of Supervisors in 1850. The 
 associate justices then ceased to be members of the County Court, but are 
 still elected once in four years, as justices of the peace for the county at 
 large. The judge of the County Court is the probate judge for the county, 
 and under a law passed in 1854, had jurisdiction in law and chancery until 
 1863. 
 
 County Cleeks. — Don Alonzo Spaulding, 1836 to 1837; Nathaniel 
 Loomis, 1837 to 1838; Anson Barnum, 1838 to 1840; Selden M. Church, 
 1840 to 1847; Benjamin A.Rose, 1847 to 1849; "William Hulin, 1849 to 
 April 2, 1855; Duncan Ferguson, :i855 to 1856; E. S. Gaylord, 1856 to 
 1867; I. S. Hyatt, 1867 to 1869; B. F. Lee, 1869 to 1877. Candidate for 
 re-election, November, 1877. 
 
 Under the old constitution, this officer was clerk of the County Com- 
 missioners' Court. Since the fall of 1849, he has been clerk of the County 
 Court and of the Board of Supervisors to 1855. A separate clerk of the 
 Board of Supervisors has been appointed by the board since 1855, under 
 special act of the Legislature. 
 
 Judges of Probate. — Milton Kilburn, 1836 to 1837; Charles I. Hors- 
 man, 1837 to 1838; Anson Barnum, 1838 to 1841; John W. Taylor, 1841 
 to 1843; Bela Shaw, 1843 to 1849; Selden M. Church, 1849 to 1857; An- 
 son S.Miller, 1857 to 1865; Abram S. Yan Dyke, 1865 to 1873. 
 
 Van Dyke resigned during the year 1873, and B. C. Bailey was 
 appointed to the vacancy. In November of that year he was elected to the 
 office, which he held until the election in November, 1877, when he was a 
 candidate for re-election. 
 
 Previous to 1837, a judge of probate was appointed for each county by 
 the Legislature. In 1837 the office was made elective, with the title of 
 "Probate Justice of the Peace," to be filled by a vote of the people. The 
 new constitution brought this court to an end, and transferred its powers 
 and duties to the judge of the County Court. 
 
 State's Attorneys.— Shelton L.Hall, 1836 to 1842; Orrin Miller, Jr., 
 1851 to 1852; William Brown, 1852 to 1856; U. D. Meacham, 1856 to 1860; 
 Smith D. Atkins, 1860 to 1864; F. C. Ingalls 1864 to 1868; D. W. Jack- 
 sou, 1868 to 1872; John C. Garver, 1872 to 1876. Garver was re-elected, 
 November, 1876, 
 
 There were other persons in the office between 1842 and 1851, but this 
 officer being the prosecuting attorney for the circuit, it is only proposed to 
 name here such incumbents as resided in the county. 
 
 Sheriffs. — Daniel S. Haight, 1836 to 1838; Isaac N. Cunningham, 
 1838 to 1842; Goodyear A. Sanford, 1842 to 1844; Anson Barnum, 1844 
 to 1846; Hiram B.'Maynard, 1846 to 1850; Peter B. Johnson, 1850 to 
 1852; Kins: H. Milliken, 1852 to 1854; John F. Taylor, 1854 to 1856; 
 Samuel I. Church, 1856 to,1858; King H. Milliken, ]858;to 1860; Morris 
 J. Upright, 1860 to 1862; Hiram J. Sawjer, 1862 to 1864; James E. Den- 
 nis, 1864 to L866; William Courtright, 1866 to 1868; Patrick Flynn, 1868 
 to 1872; Frank F. Peats, 1872 to 1876. Elected now to a third term, No- 
 vember, 1876. 
 
HI8T0KY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 391 
 
 Coroners.— Eliphalet Gregory, 1836 to 1838; Cyrus C. Jenks, 1838 to 
 1840; Alonzo Piatt, 1840 to 1841; Harvey Gregory, 1841 to 1842; Na- 
 thaniel Loomis, 1842 to 1844; Artemas Hitchcock, 1844 to 1850: Isaiah 
 Lyon, 1850 to 1852; A. A. Chamberlain, 1852 to 1856; H. T. Mesler, 1856 
 to 1858; JoUn Fisher, 1858 to 1860; Giles C. Hard, 1860 to 1861; John 
 Fisher, 1861 to 1865; Isaiah Lyon, 1865 to 1866; Halsey G. Clark, 1866 
 to 1876; Dr. J. D. Barns, 1876, for four years. 
 
 Recorders.— Daniel H.Whitnev, 1836 to 1837; Harvey W. Bundy, 1837 
 to 1839; William E. Dunbar, 1839 to 1843; William Hulin, 1843 to 1849; 
 Charles H. Spafford, 1849 to 1856; Morris B. Derrick, 1856 to 1860; Oli- 
 ver A. Pennoyer, 1860 to 1864; William IS^. Cap well, 1864 to 1868. 
 
 In 1849, this office ceased to exist as a separate department, being 
 united with the circuit clerk's office. 
 
 School Commissioners. — Richard Montague, 1837 to 1839; Herman 
 B. Potter, 1839 to 1841; Yolney A. Marsh, 1841 to 1845; Goodyear A. 
 Sanford, 1845 to 1847; W. A. Dickerman, 1847 to 1849; C. A. Hunting- 
 ton, 1849 to 1857; Hiram H. Waldo, 1857 to 1859; Silas Sweet, 1859 to 
 1861; James B. Kerr, 1861 to 1863; Hiram H. Waldo, 1863 to 1865; 
 Archibald Andrew, 1865 to 1873. 
 
 During the year 1873, the office became vacant, and E. G. Stiles was 
 appointed to fill out tlie unexpired term. In ISTovember, 1873, Mrs. Mary 
 L. Carpenter was elected, and filled the office until the ISTovember 
 election, 1877. 
 
 County Treasurers.— Robert J. Cross, 1836 to 1839; Samuel D. 
 Preston, 1839 to 1843; Ephraim Wyman,1843 to 1846; Hollis H.Holmes, 
 1846 to 1819; Duncan Ferguson, 1849 to 1855; Hiram R. Enoch, 18.55 to 
 1863; Charles Works, 1863 to 1867; J. E. Richardson, 1867 to 1870. 
 
 Mr. Richardson died while in office, and his brother-in-law, J. G. 
 Lyford qualified, gave bond, etc., and filled the office until 1871, when 
 Thomas W. Cole was elected, and is still holding the office. 
 
 County Surveyors. — Don Alonzo Spaulding, 1838 to 1839; John 
 Emerson, 1839 to 1841; Duncan Ferguson, 1841 to 1855; T. J. L. Rem- 
 ington, 1855, and is still serving. 
 
 Masters IN Chancery.— John W. Taylor,. Cyrus F.Miller, William 
 Brown, William Lathrop, Edward II. Baker, Horace W. Taylor. 
 
 Supervisors. — Members of the Board of Supervisors are elected in 
 April of each year. Following is a list of the chairmen of the several 
 Boards since the township organization law went into efifect: David Weld, 
 1850; Bela Shaw, 1851; Sylvester Talcott. 1852, 1853; Spencer Post, 
 1854; Luman Pettibone, 1855; John R. Herrino^, 1856; David F. Talbot, 
 1857,1858: Selden M. Church, 1859-1864; Eli ' F. Roberts, 1865; Selden 
 M. Church, 1866; Eli F. Roberts, 1867; Robert J. Cross, 1868-1872; 
 Duncan Ferguson, 1873-1877. 
 
 When first organized, in 1850, the Board was composed of one mem- 
 ber from each township, making 16 members. In 1853, Rockford was 
 given an assistant member. In 1865, a special act of the Legislature pro- 
 vided for the election of one member from each ward in the city ot Rock- 
 ford, increasing the_,Board to 23 members, 
 
392 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 DEATH S EECOKD. 
 
 Of the gentlemen who thus served the public in official capacities the 
 following have been called to the enjoyment of honors that no people can 
 confer, and their spirits surround the throne of Ilim who controls the des- 
 tiny of nations: 
 
 Reprefientatives. — (lermanieus Kent, died in Virginia, in 1856; Wil- 
 liam H. Crandall, died in Howard township, Oct. 4, 1855; Horace Miller, 
 died in Rockford, August 5, 1865; William Lyman, Rockford, December 
 10, 1865; Robert J. Cross, Roscoe, March, 1873; Alfred E. Hale, 1873. 
 
 Senators. — Zenos S. Aplington was killed near Corinth during the war 
 of the rebellion; Cornelius Lansing, died in 1865; John Early, died in 
 August, 1877. 
 
 Constitutional Delegates. — Robert J. Cross, Roscoe, March, 1873. 
 
 Circuit Judges. — Dan. Stone, Thomas C. Brown, died in California; 
 Jesse B. Thomas, Hugh T. Dickey, Hugh Henderson. 
 
 Clerks Circuit Court. — James Mitchell, died at Freeport. 
 
 County Commissioners. — William E. Dunbar, died in Rockford, Oc- 
 tober 16, 1846; Elijah H. Brown, Stockton, California, August, 1867; Her- 
 man B. Potter, Ezra S. Cable, William Hulin, Spencer Post. 
 
 Associate Judges. — Stephen Mack, in Rockton, April 10, 1850 ; David 
 Weld, in Seward, May 2, 1859; Asher Beach, in Howard, May 12, 1860; 
 Henry Putnam, Alfred E. Hale. 
 
 County Clerks. — Nathaniel Loomis, Rockford, July, 1850; Don 
 Alonzo Spaulding, Anson Barnum, William Hulin. 
 
 Prohate Judges. — Milton Kilburn, in Rockford, February 16, 1863; 
 Bela Shaw, in Rockford, May 31, 1865 ; C. I. Horsman, Rockford; Anson 
 Barnum. 
 
 Sheriffs. — Daniel S. Haiglit, in Texas, about 1860; Isaac N. Cunning- 
 ham, in Rockford, December 24, 1865; Hiram R. Maynard, in Rockford, 
 April 18, 1857; Peter B. Johnson, in Cherry Yalley, September 20, 1865; 
 John F. Taylor, murdered in Rockford by Alfred Countryman, Nov. 11, 
 1856; Anson Barnum, William Courtright. 
 
 Coroners. — Alonzo Piatt, in Texas, about 1854; Harvey Gregory, in 
 Harlem, February 7, 1849; Nathaniel Loomis, July, 1850; Artemas Hitch- 
 cock, in Rockford, October 12, 1865; John Fisher, in Rockford, January 28, 
 1865; Eliphalat Gregory, Cyrus Jenks. 
 
 Recorders. — Daniel H. Whitney, died at Belvidere, Boone County, 
 1862; William E. Dunbar, October 16, 1846; H. W. Bundy, William 
 Hulin. 
 
 School Commissioners. — James B. Kerr, died July 3, 1864, in At- 
 lanta, Georgia, from wounds received June 27th, in the battle of Kenesaw 
 Mountain, Georgia; he was at that time Lieut. Colonel of the 74th Illinois 
 Infantry; H. B. Potter, Silas Sweet. 
 
 County Treasurers. — Samuel D. Preston, in Rockford, February 11, 
 1844; Hollis H. Holmes, in Rockford, August 12, 1859; R. J. Cross, Ros- 
 coe, March, 1873; J. E. Richardson. 
 
 Chairmen Board of Supervisors. — Robert J. Cross, Roscoe, March, 
 1873. Of the other members, an aggregate of nearly 650, elected from 
 April 1850 to April 1877, the following is the death list: Rev. William 
 Stilwell was chosen Supervisor of Burritt at the April town meeting, 1850, 
 but died on the 12th of May following; Mr. Pitkin was elected to fill the 
 
HI8T0ET OF WUraEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 393 
 
 vacancy; Alexander McAftee, Harlem, March 24, 1852; Theodore S. 
 Powell, Cherry Yalley, September 28, 1854; John J. Rhodes, in Roscoe, 
 February 9, 1859; David Weld, Seward, May 2, 1859; Bela Shaw, Eock- 
 ford, May 31, 1865; Chauncey Ray, WinneWo, February 16, 1868; He- 
 man Hoit, Howard, May 21, 1861; William R. Forsaith," Guilford, acci- 
 dently killed April 11, 1868; Asher Spicor, New Milford, 1854; Hiram R. 
 Maynard, Rockford, April 18, 1857; Milton Kilburn, Rockford, February 
 16, 1863; Daniel H. Smith, Laona, December 12, 1864; James B. John- 
 son, Rockford, April 2(», 1863; Lewis W. Owen, of Owen, Jan.lO, 1865. 
 
394 
 
 HISTOET OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 OFFICIAL VOTE OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY, 1876. 
 
 
 Presidn't 
 
 Governor 
 
 Lieut. 
 Governor 
 
 Secretary 
 of ^ 
 State. 
 
 Auditor. 
 
 State 
 Treasur'r 
 
 Attorn'y 
 General. 
 
 TOWNS. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 * 
 
 S 
 
 6 
 
 293 
 
 OS 
 
 s 
 
 * 
 
 164 
 
 a 
 B 
 
 288 
 
 a 
 a 
 o 
 
 E5 
 * 
 
 171 
 
 a 
 
 286 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 -a 
 H 
 
 168 
 
 O 
 
 293 
 
 * 
 166 
 
 291 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 * 
 
 167 
 
 en 
 
 291 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 * 
 
 Kockford, IstDist- 
 
 290 
 
 170 
 
 167 
 
 Rockford, 2d Dist.. 
 
 601 
 
 164 
 
 604 
 
 162 
 
 602 
 
 162 
 
 599 
 
 158 
 
 606 
 
 160 
 
 603 
 
 161 
 
 604 
 
 160 
 
 Rockford, 3d Dist- 
 
 554 
 
 309 
 
 560 
 
 306 
 
 559 
 
 306 
 
 519 
 
 303 
 
 561 
 
 305 
 
 560 
 
 304 
 
 560 
 
 304 
 
 Rockford, 4tli Dist.. 
 
 518 
 
 176 
 
 525 
 
 168 
 
 524 
 
 171 
 
 467 
 
 170 
 
 535 
 
 160 
 
 522 
 
 172 
 
 523 
 
 172 
 
 New Milford 
 
 155 
 
 25 
 
 155 
 
 25 
 
 155 
 
 25 
 
 154 
 
 25 
 
 155 
 
 25 
 
 155 
 
 25 
 
 155 
 
 25 
 
 Roscoe. .- 
 
 174 
 122 
 181 
 
 45 
 44 
 35 
 
 175 
 123 
 183 
 
 51 
 45 
 33 
 
 175 
 153 
 183 
 
 44 
 43 
 33 
 
 171 
 123 
 181 
 
 44 
 43 
 33 
 
 176 
 123 
 181 
 
 53 
 45 
 35 
 
 176 
 123 
 181 
 
 45 
 43 
 35 
 
 174 
 123 
 181 
 
 44 
 
 Harlem. - 
 
 43 
 
 Guilford - 
 
 34 
 
 Cherry Valley 
 
 205 
 
 58 
 
 205 
 
 58 
 
 205 
 
 58 
 
 204 
 
 57 
 
 205 
 
 57 
 
 205 
 
 57 
 
 206 
 
 56 
 
 Owen.. - -- 
 
 156 
 268 
 155 
 126 
 105 
 
 22 
 69 
 52 
 20 
 18 
 
 156 
 270 
 155 
 126 
 105 
 
 22 
 
 77 
 54 
 22 
 15 
 
 156 
 270 
 155 
 126 
 105 
 
 22 
 09 
 54 
 21 
 13 
 
 156 
 270 
 155 
 126 
 105 
 
 22 
 69 
 54 
 21 
 13 
 
 156 
 270 
 155 
 126 
 105 
 
 22 
 ■ 77 
 54 
 22 
 15 
 
 156 
 270 
 155 
 126 
 105 
 
 22 
 09 
 54 
 21 
 15 
 
 156 
 270 
 155 
 126 
 105 
 
 22 
 
 Rockton 
 
 69 
 
 Seward. 
 
 54 
 
 Harrison 
 
 21 
 
 Shirland 
 
 13 
 
 Burritt 
 
 131 
 194 
 
 42 
 97 
 
 183 
 
 197 
 
 44 
 
 93 
 
 133 
 194 
 
 36 
 96 
 
 133 
 190 
 
 42 
 96 
 
 133 
 194 
 
 44 
 94 
 
 133 
 194 
 
 42 
 96 
 
 133 
 194 
 
 42 
 
 Winnebago 
 
 96 
 
 Pecatonica 
 
 269 
 
 112 
 
 269 
 
 124 
 
 269 
 
 112 
 
 269 
 
 112 
 
 271 
 
 123 
 
 269 
 
 112 
 
 299 
 
 112 
 
 Durand.. 
 
 209 
 92 
 
 58 
 
 57 
 
 19U 
 90 
 
 4514 
 
 92 
 68 
 
 1623 
 
 197 
 90 
 
 4509 
 
 58 
 58 
 
 1552 
 
 196 
 90 
 
 4394 
 
 58 
 58 
 
 1546 
 
 197 
 90 
 
 4532 
 
 87 
 68 
 
 1614 
 
 197 
 90 
 
 4511 
 
 58 
 58 
 
 1554 
 
 197 
 90 
 
 4512 
 
 58 
 
 Laono. 
 
 58 
 
 
 
 Total. 
 
 4505 
 
 156S 
 
 1550 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Beside the above, Cooper received, for President, in the Second District, 2; Third Dis- 
 trict, 3; Rockton, 9; Pecatonica, 13; Durand, 15; Cherry Valley, 9 ; Harlem, 2; Burritt, 4; 
 Harrison, 1 ; Shirland, 2; Seward, 1 ; Laona, 9. Total, 70. Smith received, in Third District, 
 4; Fourth, 2; Rockton, 5; Harrison, 2. Total, 13. 
 
 For Governor, Simpson received, Third District, 3; Rockton, 5; Roscoe, 1; Owen, 2. 
 Total, 11 Allen, New Milford, 2. Total, 2. 
 
 For Lieutenant-Governor, Pickerell received. Second District, 2; Third District, 2; 
 Rockton, 8 ; Pecatonica, 12 ; Durand, 28 ; Roscoe, 8 ; Burritt, 2 ; Harrison, 1 ; Shirland, 2 ; 
 Laona, 10. Total, 75. McCormick, Third District, 4; Fourth, 1; Rockton, 3; Roscoe, 1, 
 Harrison, 2. Total, 13. French, 2. Total, 2. 
 
 For Secretary of State, Hooton received, Third District, 2 ; Fourth, 3 ; Pecatonica, 6 ; 
 Durand, 12; Winnebago, 28; Harlem, 8; Guilford, 2; Harrison, 2; Shirland, 1; Seward, 2; 
 Laona, 10. Total, 76. Lamont, First District, 6 ; Second, 7 ; Third, 46 ; Fourth, 60 ; Rockton, 
 7 ; Roscoe, 10 ; Guilford, 1 ; New Milford, 1 ; Harlem, 2. Total, 140. Robinson, New Mil- 
 ford, 2. Total, 2. 
 
 For State Auditor, Hoofstiller received, Third District, 3 ; Rockton, 5 ; Harrison, 2 ; 
 Total, 10. Wallace, New Milford, 2. Total, 2. 
 
 For State Treasurer, Aspern received. Second District, 2 ; Third, 3 ; Rockton, 8 ; Peca- 
 tonica, 12; Durand, 28; Roscoe, 8; Harlem, 2; Burritt, 2; Harrison, 2; Guilford, 2; Laona, 
 10. Total, 78. Van Dorn, Third District, 4; Fourth, 1; Rockton, 5; Harrison, 2. Total, 
 12. Petteugall, 2. Total, 2. 
 
 For Attorney-General, Coy received, Second District, 2; Third, 3; Rockton, 8; Peca- 
 tonica, 12; Durand, 28; Roscoe, 8; Harlem, 2; Burritt, 2; Harrison, 1; Guilford, 2; Laona, 
 10. Total, 78. Copp, Third District, 4 ; Fourth, 1 ; Rockton, 5 ; Roscoe, 3 ; Harrison, 2. 
 Total, 15. Snyder, 2. Total, 2. 
 
 * Democrat. f Republican. 
 
HISTORY OF WINKEBAGO COTTNTY. 
 
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 Att'y. 
 
396 
 
 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 A TABULAE STATEMENT 
 
 Showing the Totals of Personal and Real Property of "Winnebago 
 County, for the year 1877. 
 
 Compiled from the Tax Dwplicate of the Count]) Clerk. 
 
 PERSONAL PROPERTY. 
 
 Horses of ail ages 
 
 Cattle of all ages 
 
 Mules and Asses of all ages .--- 
 
 Sheep of all ages 
 
 Hogs of all ages 
 
 Steam Engines, including Boilers^ 
 
 Fire or Burglar-Proof Safes 
 
 Billiard, Pigeon Hole, Bagatelle or other similar Tables. 
 
 Carriages and Wagons of whatsoever kind 
 
 Watches and Clocks 
 
 Sewing or Knitting Machines 
 
 Piano Fortes 
 
 Melodeons and Organs 
 
 Annuities and Royalties 
 
 Patent Rights 
 
 Steamboats, etc _ 
 
 Merchandise 
 
 Material and Manufactured Articles 
 
 Manufacturers' Tools, Implements and Machinery 
 
 Agricultural Tools, Implements and Machinery 
 
 Gold and Silver Plate and Plated Ware 
 
 Diamonds and Jewelry 
 
 Moneys of Banks, Bankers, Brokers, etc 
 
 Credits of Banks, Bankers, Brokers, etc . 
 
 Moneys of other than Bankers, etc 
 
 Credits of other than Bankers, etc. 
 
 Bonds and Stocks 
 
 Shares of Capital Stock of Companies not of this State.. 
 
 Property of Corporations not before enumerated _ 
 
 Property of Saloons and Eating Bouses 
 
 Household and Office Furniture 
 
 Investments in Real Estate and Improvements thereon.. 
 
 All other Personal Property 
 
 Shares of Stock of State or National Banks 
 
 Total Value of Personal Property. 
 
 RAILROAD PROPERTY. 
 
 Personal Property 
 
 Lands, in acres 
 
 Lots 
 
 LANDS. 
 
 10,258 
 
 25,191 
 
 19G 
 
 11,673 
 
 28,156 
 
 17 
 
 82 
 
 20 
 
 4,706 
 
 2,861 
 
 2,586 
 
 434 
 
 523 
 
 Improved Lands, in acres* . . 
 Unimproved Lands, in acres. 
 
 TOWN AND CITY LOTS. 
 
 Improved Town and City Lots 
 
 Unimproved Town and City Lots. 
 
 Total Value op All Property as Assessed. 
 
 299,765 
 22,451 
 
 5,762 
 
 1,783 
 
 ^> 
 
 $33 60 
 
 8 66 
 
 37 4J 
 
 1 01 
 
 2 36 
 250 00 
 
 49 23 
 60 00 
 22 08 
 5 44 
 10 21 
 66 00 
 24 29 
 
 25 60 
 71 50 
 
 17 70 
 10 90 
 
 389 45 
 40 70 
 
 
 $344,636 
 
 218,272 
 
 7,331 
 
 11,799 
 
 66,459 
 
 4,250 
 
 4,037 
 
 1,200 
 
 103,925 
 
 15,575 
 
 26,401 
 
 28,644 
 
 12,707 
 
 1,600 
 
 2,935 
 
 75 
 
 337,781 
 
 101,956 
 
 55,945 
 
 62,555 
 
 4,057 
 
 630 
 
 21,281 
 
 52,625 
 
 147,795 
 
 655,115 
 
 2,325 
 
 580 
 
 25 
 
 345 
 
 247,588 
 
 1.530 
 
 73,063 
 
 239,600 
 
 $2,854,642 
 
 2,130 
 
 1,075 
 715 
 
 5,306,684 
 244,968 
 
 2,244,046 
 72,579 
 
 $10,726,839 
 
 ♦Acres of Wheat, 6,669; of Corn, 80,522; of Oats, 41.914; of Meadow, 30,481; of other Field Products, 
 17,232; of Inclosed Pasture, 62,615; of Orchard, 2,713; of Wood Land, 26,057. 
 
ROCKFORD 
 
 \ 
 
4 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 399 
 
 ROCKFORD. 
 
 The histoiy of this city and the County of Winnebago arc so closely 
 interwoven that it is somewhat difficult to draw a line of distinction between 
 them. It was here the first settlement was made, in 1834, the lirst stores 
 and trading places opened, here the first Post-office was established, and, in 
 fact, it was here the county commenced. From here the settlements 
 extended outward to the different sections of what is now Winnebago 
 County. To attempt a separate and distinct history of Rockford would be 
 to recapitulate or repeat in a great measure what has already been written; 
 hence, with a few refei'ences to some minor subjects, we will pass to a review 
 of the manufacturing enterprises and industries that have been built up, 
 and that are in successful operation at Rocktord. 
 
 In the fall of 1834, Germanicus Kent extended an invitation to a num- 
 ber of his Southern friends to join his colony at Midway^ a name he 
 seems to have given to the settlement commenced by himself and Mr. 
 Blake. Tliis name, it is to be supposed, was suggested by the fact that it 
 just about half way between Chicago and Galena. By the Indians the 
 place was known as Rock ford — a name suggested to them by nature. At 
 or near the site of the present dam, there was a solid rock bottom, where 
 the water was generally shallow enough in ordinary seasons to affi)rd easy 
 crossing with their ponies, and was therefore known to them as the Rock 
 ford. And just here it will not be out ot place to remark that Indians, of 
 whatever tribe, always name an object — no matter what it may be — -after 
 that of which it most reminds them on first sight. Several of the states of 
 the American Union bear Indian names, as, for instance, Alabama, Arkan- 
 sas, Missouri, Mississippi, Ohio, Massachusetts, etc. The significance ol 
 these names will be found in the first pages of this book, and will be of 
 great convenience to the reader. Tradition tells us that when the Southern 
 Indians first beheld the territory of Alabama it was blooming with flowers, 
 and so delighted them that their chiefs exclaimed, "Al-a-bam-a," meaning 
 "Here we rest." And so on, ad injin'du7n. Wherever the Indians have 
 roved, they left names far more appropriate and suggestive than any ever 
 bestowed by their pale-faced followers. But to return to Rockford. 
 
 Among other old neighbors and acquaintances in Alabama to whom 
 Mr. Kent wrote was Mr. James B. Martyn. In that letter, in directing 
 Mr. Martyn how to reach Midway, Mr. Kent said: 
 
 •'At Galena, call on my brother. From Galena go directly east until 
 you come to and cross Apple River, thence turn in a south-easterly course 
 to Plumb River, and from there to Cherry Grove. There leave some tim- 
 ber on your left, and a small grove on your right (afterwards known as 
 Twelve Mile Grove), and then keep on until you strike Rock River, from 
 which a blind path will guide you to Midway." 
 
 This was all the guide Mr. Martyn had, but it conducted him to Mid- 
 way, which name, late in 1835, was abandoned for Rockford. 
 
 In October, 1837, a post-office was established, and Daniel S. Haight 
 was appointed Post Master. Previous to this time, the settlers received 
 their mail either at Galena or Chicago — more generally at the latter place. 
 The first mail bag received at Rockford was unaccompanied by a key, and 
 consequently could not be opened, and was sent back. The second week in 
 
 23 
 
400 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COtTNTT. 
 
 October, 1835, another bag of mail matter came along, this time all right. 
 It was opened by Giles 0. Hard, who assisted Post Master Haight in dis- 
 tributing the mail. In a short time after this important event in the his- 
 tory of Kockford, Post Master Haight built a 10x12 frame building on 
 Main street, a few rods south of "^State street, which served as a post-office 
 for some time. In those days the mail was often so small that Haight's 
 pocket would have served just as well for a post-office as a 10x12 building. 
 Put not so now, as will be shown a little further along. Up to J anuary, 1838, 
 the mail was carried on horseback. The first of that month, however, a 
 line of four-horse coaches was established on the road between Chicago and 
 Galena, by which the mail was carried until the steam cars on the Galena 
 and Chicago Union Railroad drove the four-horse stage coaches to other 
 routes. 
 
 Just "forty years ago" the Rockford mail was carried in a single mail 
 bag on h'-rseback. The post-office was a 10x12 frame building. October, 1877, 
 the post-office business required a room 32x90 feet, the services of six 
 clerks, 2,700 boxes, besides a large general delivery. Seven mails arrive 
 and depart daily; of newspapers, live four-bushel sacks are daily received. 
 The daily average of letters, postal cards, newspapers, etc., sent out is equal 
 to 3,242 23ieces, or 1,833,330 pieces per year; of letters and postal cards 
 per year, 676,920 ; registered letters sent out per year, 2,600 ; money orders 
 issued, $78,000 per year; money orders paid, $130,000. 
 
 Pet ween the east and west sides of the river in early days there was 
 some rivalry, and the respective sides were sometimes known as "Ilaight- 
 ville" and "Kentville."'' For some time Don Alonzo Spaulding, who was 
 Government surveyor, and who also had a small stock of goods for Indian 
 trade, cast his fortunes with Kent and Plake, on the West Side, but finally 
 moved over to Ilaightville, much to the joy and gratification of the Ilaight- 
 villians. Mr. Dunbar, also a West Sider, went over about the same time. 
 These were considered valuable and influential accessions to that side of the 
 river, and new plans were undertaken in the interests- of East Rockford, the 
 settlers but little foreseeing the fact that neither side of the river could 
 monopolize the great commercial interests that nature intended should 
 grow up at "Midway." 
 
 In January, 1836, Mr. Kent employed Mr. Spaulding to establish two 
 or three streets parallel with the river on the West Side. Says Mr. Spauld- 
 ing in speaking of this survey: "There were j)robably ten or twelve blocks, 
 the corners of which were defined by stakes. In the spring of 1836, sev- 
 eral persons interested in the east side of the river wished me to lay ofi" 
 the beginning of their town. After making a preliminary examination, I 
 found that I could not make the front street, or street next the river, on 
 the most suitable ground and have the cross streets correspond with the 
 streets on the west side of the river. I then examined what I had done on 
 the west side of the river, and found that they could be changed so as to 
 conform to the east side, and as there had been no improvement made 
 that would be affected by the small change necessary to make, so that the 
 streets on both sides of the river would harmonize as though there had 
 been no river dividing the town, I talked with Mr. Kent about it, and ex- 
 plained to him what i conceived to be an advantage to both sides of the 
 
 *State street takes its name from the state road leading from Cliicago to Galena, which 
 
 was established in , enters Rockford on the east, and runs nearly directly west through 
 
 the city. 
 
HI8T0EY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 401 
 
 river. Mr. Kent was unwilling to comply with my wishes, and thfit accounts 
 for the awkward appearance of the streets on each side of the river — if 
 extended across they would strike the side of a block instead of the street." 
 
 Gradually, however, the rivalry gave way, and when the people came 
 to know that the very elements of nature had conspired to establish the 
 site for the building of manufactories on the West Side, the rivalry gave 
 way altogether, and the rival interests joined hands in one grand purpose to 
 make Rockford what it has become — a grand mantifacturing center. But 
 experience was necessary to bring the people up to a complete realization 
 of what nature intended. 
 
 In the spring of 1844 the Rockford Hydraulic Company was organ- 
 ized, and the erection of a dam commenced. The site selected was in the 
 upper part of the town, nearly opposite the Kenosha depot. The dam was 
 built of timber, brush, stone, and gravel, and its construction completed 
 under the supervision o\ C. C. Coburn, a gentleman of some notoriety as a 
 dam builder, of Wisconsin. A purchase was made by the company of a 
 large tract of timber on the east side, and about all the available teams in 
 the village and its surroundings were engaged, fiat boats built and brought 
 into requisition to furnish the stone and gravel, which were excavated prin- 
 cipally from the west bank of the river, above where the dam was built. 
 Rapid progress was made in its construction, and by the following spring 
 the structure was said to be completed. 
 
 Simultaneous with the construction of the dam work was, progressing 
 on the race on the east side, which extended from the dam a distance of 
 two blocks below State street. While this work was in progress, companies 
 were being formed for manufacturing purposes, and buildings began to be 
 erected. First on the works was a saw mill, close to the dam, put up by 
 Messrs. L. B. Gregory and A. C. Spalford, under the firm name of Gregory 
 & Spafiford. Next on the race, and just at the end of the bridge, on State 
 street, a grist mill was built by Mr. Nettleton, who deserves the reputation 
 of being the '' pioneer miller of Rockford." ISText below this mill was a 
 woolen factory, or fulling mill, which was built and conducted by Mr. J. B. 
 Howell. Below this factory, and at the terminus of the race, was another 
 saw mill in successful operation, owned and conducted by Messrs. Wheeler 
 & Lyon. 
 
 This was about the extent of manufactures on the East Side. The com- 
 pany then directed its enterprise to the West Side, and accordingly a very 
 wide race was laid out, with a temporary terminus on Mulberry street, one 
 block north of State, and sufficiently far from the river to admit of the 
 erection of factory buildings between. The work on this was prosecuted 
 with like energy, and successfully carried out, and a third saw mill built at 
 the bulk-head, close to the dam, by Messrs. Robertson & Holland, and near 
 by the terminus of the race, the first foundry and machine shop was built 
 and conducted by Ethan Clark, the remains of which still bid defiance to 
 time — one-half of the old stone Iniilding remaining just north of the city 
 bridge, as the last monument of the former water works. 
 
 Scarcely had the dam been pronounced finished when it was discovered 
 by its continued settling and leakage, that more timber was necessary to 
 raise the head or stop the leakage, and the company began to look around 
 for more material. Rockford at that time presented the appearance of a 
 young city in a beautiful forest, so splendidly was it shaded with lovely 
 young native trees. But nature must succumb to art, and for the purpose 
 
402 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 of filling up the successive breaches in the dam, the embryo city was de- 
 spoiled of its native ornaments until scarcely a shrub could be found. The 
 company persevered, but the rush of waters was triumphant as each suc- 
 cessive spring flood occurred, and the frail structure yielded, leaving not 
 only the company, but the entire population, alternating between hope and 
 despair, as to manufacturing success, as freshet succeeded freshet. On the 
 first day of June, 1850, all the citizens might have been seen lining each 
 bank of the river, with sad and dejected countenances, as the fearful ele- 
 ment was doing its fatal work, by knocking the props from the frail manu- 
 facturing support. The city bridge had, as was supposed, been built with 
 the utmost care, and if a modern architect could have seen it, he would 
 have been led to suppose that if wooden pins could make anything secure, 
 it would be immovable. There it stood; the adversary might twist it; but 
 break, or leave its position, it would not for all the freshets in creation. So 
 the people reasoned, if the bridge did not. So the freshet, as if in mockery 
 of the people's hopes and proud aspirations, having recuperated and recov- 
 ered additional force when released from its temporary confinement, came 
 madly on. The struggle commenced, and the bridge was conqueror. It 
 might have uttered (could it have spoken) the declaration of Fitz James to 
 Ehoderick Dhu: 
 
 " Come one, come a]l, this rock shall fly 
 From its firm base, as soon as I !" 
 
 True, it was rather twisted, and after the encounter resembled, in its 
 curvature, a rail fence, and in some places its horizontal position was 
 changed to the perpendicular, but it remained as an honored fixture, until 
 its successor, the present bridge, took its place, when it was sold in sections 
 to the highest bidder. 
 
 On the ]5th of July, 1851, Thomas D. Robertson, John A. liolland, 
 R. P. Lane, G. A. Sanford, W. A. Dickerman, S. M. Church, O. Clark, C. 
 I. Horsman, John Edwards, J. S. Coleman, John Fisher, William Hulin, 
 Isaiah Lyon, M. Starr, C. H. Spafibrd, Lucius Clark, J. J. Town, Henry 
 Potwin, H. R. Maynard, Jas. H. Rogers, B, McKenney, John Piatt, Albert 
 
 Sanford, Chas. C. Hope, H. P. Kimljall, Robert Clow, Vanduzen, and 
 
 McCoy, the leading public spirited men of Rockford, associated them- 
 selves together under the style of the Rockford Water Power Company, in 
 pursuance of the provisions of a general act of the Legislature of Illinois, 
 entitled, ''an act for the improvement of Rock River, and for the produc- 
 tion of hydraulic power," passed by that body in 1849. Here was com- 
 menced the great work that has made the city what it is admitted by all to 
 be, the "leading inland manufacturing city of the JSTorthwest." 
 
 In September, 1851, the owners of water and land under the old com- 
 pany, entered into an agreement with the new company, whereby the two 
 interests were consolidated, and steps were immediately taken for the con- 
 struction of a permanent dam,^n the rock bottom of the old ford. In the 
 spring of 1853, the dam and race were completed and acce^jted by the com- 
 pany. It would make an interesting chapter to note the ups and downs of 
 this great enterprise, and the hard work done by the men having it in 
 charge since its organization, but the time and space M'ill not permit. 
 
 The length of the dam is between 700 and 800 feet, and, to all appear- 
 ances, firm and immovable as the hills. The rains may fall, and the floods 
 come, but the dam will not be moved, as it is founded on a rock, and the 
 power derived under a six-foot head. In these dusky haunts, four or five 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 403 
 
 hundred men find steady employment and ready pay. Here, industry and 
 honesty walk hand in hand. Skill and ingenuity stand steadily by the 
 lathe, and the handy smith hammers and shapes the white-hut iron as he 
 will. The city of Rockford may be justly proud of these sons of toil, hon- 
 est, intelligent, and full of enterprise. To them is owed, in a great meas- 
 ure, the growth and prosperity of the city. 
 
 In the general history of the county no mention was made of the 
 " Mile Strip " difficulty, from the fact that it more directly concerned liock- 
 ford than the county. That contest was the most spirited one known in 
 the annals of the county, and as such is here recorded. This strip was lo- 
 cated along the eastern line of the county, and had been set off to Winne- 
 bago County from the western tier of townships of Boone County when 
 that county was organized. When Boone County was fully organized and 
 the county machinery in complete working order, the people of that baili- 
 wick became ambitious for the acquisition of more territory, and began to 
 agitate the question of having the " mile strip " set back to them. Among 
 the people of Kockford there were some who also had amlutions to gratify 
 — schemes to carry out — and in the "mile strip" they imagined they saw 
 the means of accomplishing their purposes. The county seat question of 
 Winnebago had not been permanently settled. The people of East Rock- 
 ford were naturally opposed to the "set oif," on the ground that the inter- 
 ests of the people on that strip were identical with the interests of East 
 Rockford, and that consequently their influence would be exerted towards 
 securing the permanent location of the county buildings on that side of the 
 river. The people of the west side of the river wei*e anxious to foster such 
 measures as would secure a majority of the voters in favor of permanently 
 locating the county offices and county buildings on the west side. Here 
 were three conflicting interests at work — Boone County and East and West 
 Rockford. The more the " set off" question was agitated, the hotter grew 
 the contest. But the " set off " could not be accomplished without a 
 special act of authority from the Legislature. In the meanwhile the set- 
 tlers on the strip were the recipients of special attention and innumerable 
 visits from their fellow-citizens on their east and on their west. Finally, 
 the Legislature of 1843 passed a special act to enable the voters on the strip 
 to vote "for " or " against " being set off to Boone County. The 4th day 
 of May, 1843, was fixed for the election, and from the passage and approval 
 of that act until the result was known, some of the Boone County men 
 were among the interested voters, laboring with them, pleading with them, 
 arguing with them. And it has been said that some of them even camped 
 on the strip and threw out sentinels to watch their natural enemies — the 
 Winnebagoes — i. e. the people of Winnebago County who were opposed to 
 the scheme. No one who was not an actual settler on the strip was allowed 
 a vote, and it may be assumed to be a fact that more hard electioneering 
 was done on that occasion than was ever done before or since. But Boone 
 County, whether fairly or honestly, was victorious, and carried off bodily — 
 some say stole — twenty-four sections of valuable land, capable of support- 
 ing a thousand jDCople and increasing their sources of tax revenue many 
 thousands of dollars. At that election"95 votes were cast, of which 51 votes 
 were '' for " annexation to Boone County and 44 " against," — a majority of 
 seven votes in favor of the scheme. 
 
 April 23, 1843, C. I. Horsman, for himself and others, made a propo- 
 sition to the County Commissioners for building a court-house, jail and 
 
404 
 
 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 county offices, on the west side, which was accepted, which, with the settle- 
 ment of the " Mile Strip" aojitation, permanently fixed the location of the 
 county buildings. In 1836, soon after the first election, Messrs. Kent & 
 Brinherhoof were licensed by the County Commit^sioners to keep and main- 
 tain a ferry at Rockford. The management and ownership of this ferry 
 changed hands from time to time, but was kept up until succeeded by a 
 bridge, in 1844. In 1843, the Legit^lature passed an act authorizing Daniel 
 S. Haiglit, Dr. George Haskell, S. D. Preston, and Charles I. Horsman, to 
 build a bridge over Kock River. . The act stipulated that the bridge should 
 be built in good workmanlike manner, and to be so " constructed as not to 
 interfere with navigation." When that bridge was completed the ferry was 
 abandoned, and has been known no more. The old wooden bridge served 
 its time faithfully and well. It was a bond of union between the east and 
 west sides, but in time had to give way to more modern structures, and is 
 now succeeded by a magnificent iron bridge. Thus, little by little, the 
 rivalry between ITaightville and Kentville was forced to give way and to 
 become one people with a community of interests. 
 
 The first M. E. church society was organized in 1836, with five mem- 
 bers, at the- house of Henry Enoch, in Guilford township. But within a 
 year or two, the appointment for preaching was removed from Mr. Enoch's 
 to Rockford, that the society might receive strength by numbers from 
 among the Methodist settlers of Rockford. About 1838 they built a house 
 of worship. About the same time the Congregationalists also erected a 
 house of worship, on the west side of Church street, one block south from 
 the Church ot the Christian Union. These were the first churches built in 
 Rockford. 
 
 December, 1836, the first marriage license issued from the clerk's office 
 of Winnebago County, by virtue of which Dr. Daniel H. Whitney and 
 Miss Sarah Ooswell, of the Belvidere Precinct, were joined together in the 
 holy banns of wedlock, by Prof. Setli S. Whitman, also of Belvidere. The 
 first marriage entered on the registry is that of Mr. William P. Randall 
 and Miss Delia Driscoll, which was solemnized February 13, 1837, by Wm. 
 R. Wheeler, a justice of the peace in Kishwaukee precinct. 
 
 February, 1836, Mrs. John B. Long introduced the first female child 
 born in the county, which was named Melissa J. The first male child born 
 was Ogden Hance, son of Thomas Hance, in what is now Pecatonica town- 
 ship. 
 
 During the summer of 1851, a better local or city government was 
 deemed necessary to the welfare of the growing town, and in the fall of that 
 year preliminary , steps were taken to secure that end; and in pursuance of 
 a call signed by Jason Marsh, G. A. Sanford, Willard Wheeler, W. A. Dick- 
 erman, Isaiah Lyon, George Wyatt, Newton Crawford, C. I. Horsman, W. 
 P. Dennis, Jesse Blinn, and William Hulin, a meeting was held in the 
 court-house, Nov. 29, 1851, at which it was decided to submit the (question 
 of a city organization to a vote of the people, and at an election held by 
 order of the trustees of the town, January 3, 1852, a majority of votes was 
 cast in favor of organizing under the general law of 1849, taking the 
 Springfield city charter as a basis. 
 
 The first election under the new government took place April 19, 1852, 
 the candidates for Mayor being Willard Wheeler and E. H. Potter, the 
 election resulting in the choice of the following named officers: 
 
 Mayor — Will^,rd Wheeler, Alderman, 1st ward — Sumner Damon; 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 405 
 
 Alderman, 2d ward — E. H. Potter; Alderman, 3d ward — H. IST. Spalding; 
 Alderman -tth ward — C. JST. Andrews. 
 
 The first meeting of the city council was held April 26, 1852, in the 
 counting room of E. H. Potter. At this meeting, William Lathrop was 
 appointed city clerk. At the second meeting of the council, held on the 
 1st of May, the following officers were appointed: 
 
 City Attorney — William Lathrop; Treasurer — H. P. Maynard; 
 Assessor — D. Ferguson; Collector — K. H. Milliken; Engineer — D. Fergu- 
 son; Street Commissioners — T. Blake. Wm. McKinney. 
 
 At this meeting a resolution was adopted looking to the construction 
 of a new city bridge, in the place of the old structure, which had become 
 onapidated and rickety from long use and decay. 
 
 Subsequent to the organization of the city government, amendments 
 and additions to the charter were made by the Legislature as follows: 
 
 "An act to legalize the incorporation of the city of Pockford, and 
 amend the charter of said city," passed Feb. 8, 1853. [Private taws, 1853, 
 page 565. 
 
 A special charter was granted to the city by an act entitled "An act to 
 amend the charter of the city of Pockford," passed March 4, 1854. [Ses- 
 sion laws, 1854, page 103. 
 
 "An act entitled 'An act to amend the charter of the city of Rock- 
 ford.' " In force April 26, 1859. [Private laws, 1859, page 255. 
 
 "An act to amend 'An act to amend tlie charter of the city of Pock- 
 ford.' " In force Feb. 22, 1861. [Private laws, 1861, page 254. 
 
 The present charter was granted by "An act to reduce the charter of 
 the city of Pockford, and the several acts amendatory thereof into one act, 
 and to revise and amend the same." In force Feb. 15, 1865. [Private 
 laws, 1865, vol. 1, i^age 472. 
 
 Commencing April, 1852, the Mayors in succession have been: Wil- 
 lard Wheeler, from April 26, 1852, to April 25, 1853; Hiram P. May- 
 nard, from April 25, 1853, to April 22, 1854; Ulysses M. Warner, from 
 April 22, 1854, to April 25, 1855; Edward Yaughn, from April 25, 1855, 
 to April 29, 1856; James L. Loop, from April 29, 1856, to May 4, 1857; 
 William Brown, from May 4, 1857, to Mav 3, 1858; Seely Perry, from May 
 3, 1858, to Mav 2. 1859; Charles Williams, from May 2, 1859, to May 2, 
 1864; Albert Fowler, from Mav 2, 1864, to May 7, 1866; Edward H. 
 Baker from May 7, 1866, to Mav 6, 1867; Albert Fowler, from May 6, 
 1867. to May 5, 1868; Edward II. Baker, May 5, 1868; Seymour G. Bron- 
 son. May 1, 1868, served under re-election until 1873; Gilbert Woodrufi", 
 from Mlay, 1873, to May, 1875; P. H. Tinker, from May, 1875, to May, 
 1876; Levi Phoades, from May, 1876, to May, 1877; Duncan Ferguson, 
 May, 1877. 
 
 The following named 'gentlemen represented the city government for 
 the year 1877: 
 
 Mayor, Duncan Ferguson. Aldermen — 1st Ward, Anthony Haynes; 
 2d, Gilbert Woodruff; 3d, George E. King; 4th, E. L. Woodruif; 5th, By- 
 ron Graham; 6th, Harris Graham; 7th, S. P. Crawford; Clerk, A. P. 
 Wells; Attorney, L. F. Warner; Marshal, Thos. Sully; Assistant do., Jas. 
 Dame; Treasurer, Horace Brown; Assessor, Jas. Ferguson; official paper, 
 Pockf )rd Journal. 
 
 With the exception of the failure of the Pockford ])eople to make the 
 river navigable, all their undertakings have been crowned with success. To 
 
406 HISTORY OF WIlSrNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 them justly belongs the credit of inaugurating the railroad enterprises of 
 the State, as it was here the great railroad meeting 'was held, Jan. 7, 184:6, 
 at which meeting new life was given to the defunct Galena and Chicago 
 Union railroad enterprise, and measures adopted that secured its completion 
 in August, 1 852. That undertaking gave a new impetus to the growth of 
 the city; and when the present dam was built, thus securing a water power 
 of almost unknown capacity, the effect astonished the most sanguine and 
 enthusiastic friends of the undertaking, and the half has not yet been told. 
 The energies and enterprises of the people have been well directed, and at 
 the end of forty-three years from the date of the tirst settlement on Kent 
 creek, are crowned with numerous and magnificent banking and business 
 houses, schools, seminaries, churches, and manufacturing enterprises, l^t 
 would do credit to any people. The products of the manufactories are 
 known and find a ready demand wdierever such articles as they manufacture 
 are used, and they manufacture almost everything needed by civilized peo- 
 ple. Of their achievements and successes in forty-three years, the people 
 of Rockford may well be proud. 
 
 With a brief summary of these achievements we close the pages of 
 this history, with a hope that ere another forty-three years shall be buried 
 beneath the debris of time, another and abler pen will have preserved the 
 history and improvements these years will have made. 
 
 THE WATER POWER. 
 
 In the spring of 1844 the Rockford Hydraulic Company was organized 
 and a dam built across the river, nearly opposite the gas works, by Mr. C. 
 C. Coburn. 
 
 On the east side of the river, the race having been completed in the 
 meantime, a saw-mill was erected near the dam, by L. B. Gregory and A. 
 C. Spaffbrd. Next below them, and near the end of State street bridge, was 
 the grist-mill of Mr. Nettleton, among the first of its kind in the county. 
 Still further down, the woolen-mih of J. B. Howell, and then the saw-mill 
 of Messrs. Wheeler & Lyon. 
 
 On the west side, a wide race was laid out as far down as Mulberry 
 street. Here a third saw-mill was put in operation by Messrs. Robertson 
 & Holland, who were leading spirits in the Hydraulic Company. Near the 
 termination of the race, Mr. Ethan Clark establislied the first foundry and 
 machine shop. 
 
 On the first day of June, 1 850, this dam went out. For a time, the 
 bridge just below it was in imminent danger from the flood, but, though 
 somewhat damaged, it remained. 
 
 On the fifteenth day of July of the following year (1851), a number of 
 the citizens of Rockford (twenty-seven) organized the " Rockford Water 
 Power Company," and in September, the owners of the land and water in 
 the old organization consolidated with them. A dam of 750 feet was put 
 in across the rocky ford from which the city derives its name, and com- 
 pleted in the spring of 1853. This dam is the segment of a circle, placed 
 diagonally across the river, bending up stream to facilitate the flow of water 
 to the races, and to increase its strength. It is a stone and wood structure, 
 securely anchored by stay bolts fitted into holes drilled in the rocks which 
 are held in place by lead packing. 
 
 At present the 20,000 inches, total capacity.of the water privilege, is prin- 
 cipally owned by the manufacturers themselves, who form the Water Power 
 
 
' ^ ^ fm4 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 *'f) 
 
 '?%*. 
 
 '^ ROCKFORD 
 
HISTORY OF WIISTNEBAGO COUNTY. 409 
 
 Company, each one being assessed for repairs, in proportion to the number 
 of inches he has purchased. Last year the water sold for $12.00 per inch. 
 
 For many years there has been considerable difficult}' experienced dur- 
 ing- dry weather, from want of water. At the September meeting of the 
 company this year, it was thought best to purchase the water power and 
 mills at the foot of the lake or swamp in Wisconsin, known as Lake 
 Koshkenong, forty miles up Rock river. This lake covers a large surface 
 of ground, that was not surveyed by government when the balance of the 
 land was laid out. It is all overflowed in the spring and it has been the 
 custom to open the sluice ways at Lidian ford, tive miles below the foot of 
 the lake, ' and allow it to drain. It is proposed to change the order and 
 allow the lake to fill, to be drawn off during the dry seasons, by this means 
 maintaining an abundant supply of water throughout the year. 
 
 In 1875 the Water Power Company at Beloit and Janesville, Wiscon- 
 sin, also Rockton and Rockford, Illinois, rented the warer privilege at 
 Indian ford for two years, with the right of purchase at the expiration of 
 the lease. This has now been effected, at a cost of $15,000, one-fourth of 
 which the Rockford Company pay. Considering the mills at Indian ford, 
 from which some return may be expected, the investment must be bene- 
 ficial to all concerned. 
 
 Last year the cost of water to the user was only $6.00 per hundred 
 inches. The massive masonry that is replacing some of the crumbling walls 
 of the races, repairs on the dam, and the recent purchase of the reserve 
 reservoir in Wisconsin, will increase the assessments this year, but these 
 improvements will materially add to the usefulness and permanency of 
 the water-power at this place. 
 
 There are forty-one water-wheels that are now using the water 
 at this place, representing the varied industries mentioned in the sketch of 
 manufacturers, by whose daily revolutions a thousand operatives find em- 
 ployment. Should all of these receiv^e the average daily wages of $1.50, it 
 would make the modest sum of $39,000 paid out monthly for labor, or 
 $468,000 per annum. Officers of the company : A. I. Enoch, President; 
 Ralph Emerson, Secretary and Treasurer. 
 
 HOLLY WATER WORKS. 
 
 A number of years ago a company was organized to supply the city of 
 Rockford with water, as well as provide for the extinguishment of fires, but 
 it never amounted to anything. During the summer of 1874 the matter 
 was agitated again, and a favorable vote of the people taken. A committee 
 of construction was authorized, who began work upon the present structure 
 in the fall of that year, and finished it some time during the winter, at a net 
 cost of $34,012.81, including the lots and cost of preparation, building, 
 pumping pit, foundations for pumps, fitter, smoke stack, etc. The machin- 
 ery, or pumps, which began to pump for general use in March, 1875, cost 
 $36,000, or laid down here with all the extras, $37,758.38. The hydrants, 
 pipes and laying swell the total cost of all to |236,144.S2. 
 
 In digging for the foundations, a spring of large size was discovered, 
 which has been utilized, most of the water ordinarily coming from it, while 
 on extraordinary occasions the supply is drawn from the river, near which 
 the works are located. 
 
 The Holly system has this distinguishing feature— that, by a set of 
 powerful steam pumps, centrally located, and a system of pipes in all the 
 
410 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 streets, a steam fire engine is placed at every man's door, with a supply of 
 water that is practically inexhaustable. A pressure of 45 .pounds per 
 square inch is maintained in all the water pipes, the engines running fast or 
 slow automatically, as it falls below or exceeds this point. Since the com- 
 pletion of the works, no tire has ever spread beyond the building where it 
 originated. They are under the supervision of S. T. Holly, Chief Engin- 
 eer, and Frank A. Holly, assistant, with two firemen. They give about 
 thirty-seven gallons daily to each inhabitant of the city. 
 
 FIRE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 The fire department consists of a hose company in each ward, and one 
 hook and ladder company. These were organized by ordinance in January, 
 18T6, and within two months were equipped and ready for duty. There 
 are three hose houses, one in West Rockford, using the Second Congrega- 
 tional church bell for a fire alarm, and in which JN^os. 3, 4 and 7 meet; one in 
 South Rockford, having its own fire alarm bell, and in which No. 5 meets; 
 one in East Rockford, with its own bell, in which JSTos. 1, 2 and 6, as well 
 as the hook and ladder company, meet. Thqre is one hand engine, for use 
 in case of the breakage of a main. The depai-tment oflicers are as follows : 
 
 John T. Lakin. chief; Wm. Crotty, first assistant; Frank Conaughy, 
 second assistant. No. 1, First Ward — Walter Haime, foreman; meets first 
 Monday in each month. No. 2, Second Ward — John N. Hill, foreman; 
 meets first Monday in each month. No. 3, Third Ward — P. W. Welch, 
 foreman; meets first Tuesday in each month. No. 4, Fourth Ward — Jas. 
 Butler, foreman. No. 5, Fifth Ward^-Wm. Holmes, foreman; meets first 
 Monday in each month. No. 6, Sixth Ward — Wm. W. Wood, foreman; 
 meets first Monday in each month. No. 7, Seventh Ward, W., T. Clark, 
 foreman ; meets first Monday in each month. Hook and Ladder Company, 
 organized in the fall of 1876; J. E. Ellison, captain. 
 
 PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 
 
 Miss Eunice Brown, now Mrs. J. G. Lyon, of Rockton Township, 
 was the first person who taught a school here. She taught in 1837, in a 
 log school house which stood near the residence of Mr. John Early, East 
 Side, and afterward on the West Side in several places. Miss Frances 
 Bradford taught the same year on the West Side in a log cabin that stood 
 near the present residence of S. C. Withrow. From this time, schools 
 were taught from year to year, by difierent persons, in many places, until 
 the graded schools were adopted, in 1857. The previous year the city was 
 divided into two main districts, the river forming the dividing line. In 
 each of these, a large, commodious stone building, four stories high, was 
 finished in 1857, with a capacity to accommodate 650 pupils, and arranged 
 to include all the grades from primary to high school, as well as some of 
 the branches of academic education. These buildings cost about $22,000 
 each. From time to time, new buildings have been erected according to 
 the needs of localities. In 1874-5, tlie South Rockford school was remodeled, 
 or rather rebnilt, and an efiicient building for a granimar school prepared. 
 Other smaller buildings are scattered over the city, at the present time 
 arranged in three divisions, East Rockford, West Rockford, and South 
 Rockford, each in charge of a principal, who is subject to the Board of 
 Education. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 411 
 
 The course of study embraces a thorough and systematic drill in the 
 common branches and the elements of science and literature, including a 
 preparatory course for college. 
 
 Board of Education: N. E. Lyman, President; H. W. Carpenter, Dr. 
 J. B. Lyman, J. P. Perkins, D. S. Clark; A. P. Wells, clerk. 
 
 Principal No. 1, East Rockford, Henry Freemen; principal iSfo. 2, 
 West Pockford, Jas. H. Blodgett; principal, South Pockford, O. F, 
 Barbour. - . 
 
 West Rockford. High /S'c'AooZ.— Erected 1856. J. H. Blodgett, A. M., 
 principal; Miss M. M. Coleman, first assistant; Miss Emma D. Sears, 
 second assistant. 
 
 W. R. HigJi School Building. — J. H. Blodgett, A. M., superintend- 
 ent; teachers: Miss Alice M. Dove, grammar department; Miss Nellie 
 Gould, ungraded; Miss Ada Linderman, primary; Misslmogene S. Pierce, 
 intermediate; number of scholars, 300. 
 
 Chestnut Street School — W. P. J. H, Blodgett, A. M., superintend- 
 ent; Miss Maria Upson, principal; teachers: Miss Minnie P. Brouse, inter- 
 mediate; Miss Carrie Blake, first primary; Miss Helen Williams, second 
 primary; number of scholars, 160. 
 
 Third Wa/d School— We&t State street. J. H. Blodgett, A. M., 
 superintendent; teachers: Miss Louisa Pells, grammar department; Miss 
 Margaret Conaughy, intermediate; number of scholars, 90. 
 
 ■ ^Fourth Ward School— Erected 1874. J. H. Blodgett, A. M., super- 
 intendent: Charles Goddard, principal; teachers: Miss Carrie Drew, inter- 
 mediate; Miss Ella Brainard, primary; number of scholars, 150. 
 
 East Rockford High School — Henry Freeman, principal; Andrew 
 McPherson, first assistant; Miss Lilian Tappan, second assistant; number 
 of scholars, 125. 
 
 East Rockford High School Building. — On First avenue. Henry 
 Freeman, superintendent; Mrs. L. M. Gauss, principal, Miss Ida J. 
 Arnold, assistant, first giammar department; Robert Pew, principal, Miss 
 Trephena Carmichael, assistant, second grammar department; Miss Emma 
 F. Marsh, principal. Miss Evalyn Chaney, assistant, first intermediate; 
 Miss M. A. Russell, principal, Miss Eva Enoch, assistant, second inter- 
 mediate; number of scholars, 425. 
 
 First Ward School — North Third street. Henry Freeman, superin- 
 tendent; Miss May G. McPherson, principal, Poom D; teachers: Miss 
 Lavonia Clark, Poom C ; Miss Annie Coy, Poom B ; Miss S. Keys, Poom 
 A; number of scholars, 175. 
 
 Second Ward /S'cAooZ.— Kishwaukee street, E. P. Henry Freeman, 
 superintendent; Miss M. E. Briggs, principal, Poom D; teachers: Miss M. 
 E. Pettibone, Room C; Miss Teague, Room B: Miss Lizzie Herrick, Room 
 A; number of scholars, 200. 
 
 Sixth Ward School — Corner Second avenue and Eighth street. Henry 
 Freeman, superintendent; teachers: Mrs. A. L. PichardsDu, principal. 
 Room D; Miss Jenet Smith, Room C; Miss Jennie Brumbaugh, Room B; 
 Miss Jennie Shepherd, Room A; number of scholars, 200. 
 
 South Rockford School— '^^\\\X\ Winnebago street. Erected 1867. 
 O. F. Barbour, principal; teachers: Miss Sarah C. Lander, Room 1; Miss 
 Mary M. Gearn, Room 2; Miss Agnes C. Cassidy, Room 3; Miss Martha 
 M. Warner, Room 4; Miss Ella L. Jenks, Room 5; Miss Jessie Shepherd, 
 Room 6; Miss Ella Moffatt, Room 7; Miss Ellen Blake, Room 8. 
 
■il2 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 Mockford Business College. — Prof. E. C. A. Becker, manager. Book- 
 keeping in all its forms, business practice, practical and ornamental pen- 
 manship, arithmetic, telegraphy, short hand, English, French, German, 
 Latin, Spanish, and music are taught here. 
 
 AlUs'' Cormnercial College and Institute of Penmansliip. — Organized 
 1866. J. H. Cook, proprietor; over Nos. 323 and 325 West Lake street. 
 
 Academic and Classical Institute. — Prof. C. W. Lownshury, princi- 
 pal. Established in 1867. Miss Mary E. Foot, assistant teacher academic 
 senior department; Geo. E. Smith, assistant commercial and primary 
 department. School building, corner Winnebago and West State streets. 
 
 ROCKFOKD FEMALE SEMINARY. 
 
 In 1844, at a convention of the Congregational and Presbyterian cler- 
 gymen of Northern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin, which assembled 
 August 6th, it was decided to found two institutions of learning, one for 
 gentlemen, the other for ladies. It was thought best that they should not 
 be located at the same place. Subsecjuently the college was iixed at Beloit, 
 and the seminary at Rockford, on the pledge of the inhabitants of the latter 
 city to contribute $3,500 for a building, and a suitable location. 
 
 A board of trustees was elected, who controlled both institutions. The 
 first charter of the seminary bears date Feb. 25, 1847, but business interests 
 interfered with the fulfillment of the pledges ot the citizens of Pockford, 
 and the matter was delayed for a time. 
 
 In 1849, on the 11th of June, Miss Anna P. Sill, the present principal 
 of the seminary, with two assistants, began to teach a select school, whose 
 excellence revived the interest in the seminary. Accordingly in 1850, 
 $5,000 was pledged by the people of Rockford and vicinity for a building, 
 while the ladies gave one thousand more for the purchase of the grounds 
 upon which the seminary now stands. Miss Sill's school took the name of 
 the Rockford Female Seminary, and was held in an old building on the east 
 side of the river, formerly used as a court-house. Here, in September, 
 1851, the first class of fifteen passed their examination, a regular collegiate 
 course of study having been granted by the charter. 
 
 After the acceptance by the iDoard of trustees of the financial 
 pledges of the people of Rockford, in 1850, it was thought best that each 
 institution should manage its own afiairs, but a co-operation of the two has 
 been preserved by retaining severaFof the same membeis in each board of 
 trustees. 
 
 Rev. Aratus Kent, a Presbyterian clergyman, as president of the board 
 of trustees, on the 15th day of July, 1852, laid the corner stone of the present 
 edifice. He it was to whom the enterprise is most indebted, having 
 retained the presidency of the board until his death, in 1869. This build- 
 ing, now Middle Hall, was occupied in 1853, and cost $15,000, paid mainly 
 by the people of Winnebago County, 
 
 Increased patronage demanded more room. Accordingly, in 1854, 
 "Linden Hall" was begun, and completed two years afterward. It was 
 named from the residence of one of its j^ew England friends, from which 
 place and New York the principal part of the funds were obtained with 
 which it was erected. 
 
 In 1866, a third hall, with its connecting corridors, was begun, and fin- 
 ished the following year, at a cost of $21,000, secured mainly by donations 
 from eastern cities, as well as renewed pledges from Rockford and vicinity. 
 
HtSTOEY OF WINNEBAGO COTJNTY. 413 
 
 In 1871 " Linden" and Middle Halls were connected by a corridor, at a 
 
 cost of !^4,000, making a continuous brick front of 220 feet, with music and 
 recitation rooms, library, labratory, geological cabinet, chapel, dormitory, 
 dining-rooms, gymnasium, etc., ah in the best condition for effective work. 
 The present curriculum embraces a preparatory, classical and scientific 
 course of instruction, while after the first year studies may be selected at the 
 option of the student. Miss Anna P. Lill, the principal, is assisted by two 
 gentlemen professors and fourteen lady teachers, whose departments are 
 suited to the various needs of the pupils. The president of the board of 
 trustees is Prof. Joseph Emerson, of Beloit, Wis.; the secretary, Rev. 
 Frank P. Woodbury, of Kockford, 111. 
 
 ROCKFOKD PUBLIC LIBEART. 
 
 The importance of such a fruitful means of education is appreciated 
 in this county, and soon after the passage of the state law (March 7, 1872), 
 authorizing; cities to provide by a tax of one mill on the dollar for their 
 establishment and maintenance, the city council of Rockford hastened to 
 avail themselves of its privileges. In June of that year, an ordinance was 
 passed, establishing a library and reading room for the general public. The 
 mayor, S. G. Bronson, appointed the followinof directors: Melancthon 
 Starr, Elias Casper, S. C. Withrow, D. S. Clark, Frank P. Woodbury, 
 Henry C. Mabie, JSf. C. Thompson, J. G. Knapp, and C. L. Williams, who 
 were to hold office for three years, three retiring annually. N. C. Thomp- 
 son was elected President, and Elias Casper, Secretary and Treasurer, at the 
 first meeting of the Board, on the 24th day of June, 1872. Two commit- 
 tees were appointed to select a rooui and prepare an appeal to the citizens 
 for assistance to advance the enterprize, whose reports were subsequently 
 carried out, by renting an apartment in Wallach's Block, now occupied by 
 the Young Men's Christian Association, for $350 per annum, and the free 
 distribution of the address as well as its publication in the city papers. 
 
 The reading room was nicely fitted up, and, on the occasion of the 
 formal opening, a goodly number of periodicals having been provided, the 
 Board called a meeting of the citizens, which was largely attended. On 
 this occasion (Tuesday evening, July 2, 1872), $2,000 was subscribed, 
 and Miss Mary B. Rankin elected temporary librarian. Among other 
 donations at and before this time may be mentioned those of Mrs. W. P. 
 Dennis, eighty-six volumes, thirty-eight being bound volumes of "■Harper's 
 jSTew Monthly Magazine," from Vorume I to XXXYIII inclusive, and that 
 of H. P. Holland, sixty volumes of Universal History. At this time tjie 
 library did not contain over two hundred volumes. 
 
 The general management of the rooms was delegated to the executive 
 committee appointed at the August meeting of the Board, and the by-laws, 
 rules, and regulations were adopted in September, as well as the election of 
 the present efficient librarian, Mr. W. L. Rowland, whose appointment bears 
 date Sept. 17th, 1872. On the 30th of this month. $2,000 worth of hooks 
 were ordered. November of that year found 1,313 books in the library, 
 six hundred and seven of which were acquired by donation, the remainder 
 by purchase. From this date there was a steady increase in the number of 
 volumes until the opening of the library for loaning, Feb. 1st, 1873, when 
 there were 2,326 books which had been catalogued in writing, and 91 peri- 
 
414 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 odicals. At the June meeting of tlie Board (1877), the beginning of the 
 library year, the treasurer reported as follows: 
 
 Received ou private subscriptions $1,773.11. 
 
 Unpaid private subscriptions. 2,160.50. 
 
 From fines, delinquent readers 18.00. 
 
 City tax, 1872 2,027.21. 
 
 Delinquent tax not collected. 186.79. 
 
 Total - - $6,115.61. 
 
 Disbursements to date -. 8,520.88. 
 
 In Aug:ust of that year, Mr. Rowland, having associated with himself 
 Miss Lizzie J. Williamson, as assistant, prepared an accurate S6-page cata- 
 logue of the 8,000 volumes in the library. This was supplemented by 
 another in March, 1874, of twenty-four pages, and in April, 1875, by still 
 another, of sixty pages, containing in all the titles of 6,000 volumes. 
 
 In July, 1876, the library was transferred to its present commodious 
 location over the post office, with the addition of only $150 to its expenses, 
 making the annual rent $500. The rooms are finely fitted up, the greater 
 proportion of the expense being borne by voluntary subscription. In the 
 reading rooms there are four daily papers, thirty-five weeklies, sixteen 
 monthlies, and five quarterlies. During the past year it was estimated that 
 there were over one hundred thousand persons who visited them, including 
 the citizens of the city. At the present time there are in the library 
 7,028 volumes in all, whose large circulation is indicative of the reading 
 habits of its patrons. 
 
 Present officers: Dr. A. E. Goodwin, President; E. Casper, Yice 
 President; O. F. Barbour, Secretary and Treasurer; Wm. L. Kowland, 
 Librarian; Miss Lizzie J. Williamson, Assistant. 
 
 CHURCI-IES. 
 
 First Methodist Ejnscopal Church was organized as a class at the 
 house of D. S. llaight, in September, 1836, by the Rev. William Royal, 
 and numbered five members. Rev. Dr. Arnold was the first preacher in 
 charge. In 1845 the present church edifice was erected, and in 1872 and 
 1873 the parsonage was built. Number of members, 170. Pastor, Rev. 
 H. Crews. T. G. Lawler, Superintendent of Sunday-school. 
 
 Court Street M. E. Church was organized in 1853, with forty mem- 
 bers, being originally a part of the First M. E. Church, assuming its pres- 
 ent name under the charge of R. F. Read. During the next year, under 
 the pastorate of Rev. W. F. Stewart, its present house of worship was 
 erected. Number of members, 500; average attendance at Sunday-school, 
 325; Superintendent, S. C. Withrow. 
 
 Third Street M. E. Church was organized by Rev. Hooper Crews, in 
 1841, with a membership of 80 persons, and their present edifice was erected 
 soon after, while Rev. P. Heath was pastor, at a cost of $8,000. In 1866, it 
 was remodeled and refitted. Number of members, 230; Rev. W. H. Burns, 
 Pastor; average attendance at Sunday-school, 188; Superintendent, W. H. 
 Worthington. 
 
 South Bockford M. E. Church was organized March 24, 1864, with 
 22 members. It grew out of a Sabbath-school, formed by W. T. Stewart, 
 of Court Street M. E. Church, which was begun in 1858. During 1864-5, 
 the present' edifice was erected, at a total cost of $14,000. Number of 
 
 T^^B 
 
HI8T0KY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 415 
 
 members, 260; Rev. R. S. Cantine, Pastor; average attendance at Siinday- 
 scliool, 250; 33 officers and teachers; H. M. Skinner, Asst. Superintendent. 
 
 fSwedish M. E. Church. The first meetings of this church were held 
 in tlie Westminster Presbyterian Church, an old building formerly occupied 
 by that society. Oct. 22, 1860, Rev. Victor Witting perfected the organi- 
 zation, with a list of 12 members. The new edifice was dedicated Oct. 22, 
 1876, and cost, with parsonage, about $11,000. Number of members, 140; 
 Rev. John Wigrew, Pastor; average attendance at Sunday-school, 100; G. 
 A. Johnson, Superintendent. 
 
 First Gonyregational Church. This cliurch was oi-ganized May 5th, 
 1837, with eight members. Soon afterward, under the pastorate of Rev. 
 John Morrill, a plain frame church was built, and in 1845 another, still 
 Larger, of brick, was erected, at a cost of $8,000, where the Church wor- 
 shipped twenty-six years. During the years 1870-1, the present edifice was 
 built, at a cost of $50,000. Number of members, 755; Rev. Wilder 
 Smith, Pastor; average attendance at Sunday-school, 250; Superintendent, 
 N. S. Robinson. 
 
 Second C ongregational Church. This church was organized Nov. 7, 
 1849, by 42 members, who had obtained their dismissal from the First Coft-- 
 gregational Church for the purpose. Rev. Lansing Porter was the first 
 pastor. The present church edifice was dedicated in 1858, and in 1871 it 
 was practically rebuilt, at an expense of $12,000. Number of members, 
 445; present Pastor, Rev. F. P. Woodbury; average attendance at Sunday- 
 school, 250; Superintendent, William* A. Talcott. 
 
 First Baptist Church was organized Dec. 22, 1834, with 17 members, 
 who began their worship in a small frame building. Rev. Solomon Knapp 
 was their first pastor. From 1848 to 1850, services were held in the court- 
 house, and during the latter year their present stone building was com- 
 pleted. Number of members, 150; Rev. John S. Mabie, Pastor. 
 
 State Street Baptist Church was organized in 1858, with 34 constitu- 
 ent members. They worshipped in a small trame building, at the corner 
 of Peach and North Fifth streets, for a number of years, erected during 
 the pastorate of Rev. E. C. Mitchell, who was called soon after organiza- 
 tion. November 18, 1868, their present house of worship was dedicated, 
 and cost $30,000. Number of members, 333; Rev. E. K. Chandler, Pas- 
 tor; average attendance at Sunday-school, 185; Superintendent, L. A. 
 Trowbridge. 
 
 Emanuel Church — Episcopalian. Organized by Rev. Dudley Chase, 
 May 4, 1849. The first edifice was dedicated August, 1853, but has been 
 enlarged several times since. They are without a pastor at the present 
 time. 
 
 First Presbyterian Chttrch. This church was organized in the court- 
 house, Feb. 1, 1854, with 35 members, under the pastoral supervision of 
 Rev. Hugh A. Brown, a minister sent here by the presbytery. In 1868, 
 their present edifice was erected. No pastor at present. Number of mem- 
 bers, 200. 
 
 Westminster Preshyterian Church was organized January 3, 1856, 
 with 22 members, 14 of whom were from the First Congregational Society. 
 Their present house of worship was erected in 1858. Number of mem- 
 bers, 174; Rev. John Ritchey, Pastor. 
 
 St. James'' Catholic Church, Rockford, at one time, was at the head of 
 the mission that embraced the county of Boone, as well as parts of McHenry 
 
416 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 and Ogle Counties. The church here was organized bj Rev. Father John 
 A. Hampton, in 1850, and two years later it erected a frame structure, in 
 which it worshipped seventeen years. Rev. John Dorelan, who was pastor 
 from 1860 to 1866, when he died. Number of communicants, -100 fami- 
 lies, about 2,000 souls. Present Pastor, Rev. Dr. Thaddeus J. Butler. 
 The Sunday-scliool is largely attended. 
 
 Church of the Christian Union. Organized in September, 1870. 
 The first services were held Oct. 9, 1870, in Brown's Hall, by the Rev. Dr. 
 T. Kerr, and in a few days thereafter 115 signed the roll. Number of 
 members, 225 ; Rev. T. Kerr, Pastor. 
 
 Church of the Disciples. Organized February, 1854, with 22 mem- 
 bers. Their church edifice was built in 1856, and cost $2,400. Present 
 number of members, 60; Sunday-school, about 50. Pastor, L. D. Waldo; 
 Superintendent, B. H. Whitmer. 
 
 Swedish Lutheran Church. Rev. E. Carlson, of Chicago, in 1S53 
 began to preach to his countrymen in an old school house, on the East Side, 
 which stood near the public square. On the 15th of January, 1854, the 
 church was organized, with 45 members. A churcli was built, but soon 
 became too small, owing to the great tide of immigration, and January 15, 
 1870, their present church edifice was dedicated. It cost $25,000. Num- 
 ber of communicants, 920; Sunday-school, about 400. Rev. G. Peters is 
 Pastor and Superintendent. Connected with this church is a parish school, 
 that has an average daily attendance of 60 scholars; C. A. Johnson, 
 Principal. 
 
 MANUFACTURES. 
 
 AGEICULTUKAL IMPLEMENTS. 
 
 N. C. Thompson began business at this place in 1859. His principal 
 manufactures are: "Badger" hay rake, "Coming's" hay press;' "John P. 
 Manny" self-rake, reaper and mower; "Gorham" sulky and walking culti- 
 vator; the "Diamond" plows, of all sizes; "Sears'" sulky and gang plows; 
 "Richardson's" attachment for inaking at will, a sulky out of an ordinary 
 plow; corn-stalk cutters, and "Thompson's" string binder for harvesters, 
 that for the last four seasons has been well received. His sales are princi- 
 pally in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Wisconsin, Iowa and Minnesota. He em- 
 ploys 175 men, and his productions are favorably known in the localities 
 mentioned above. 
 
 Briggs & Enoch, Plow-makers. This firm was established some years 
 ago by a Mr. Skinner, the first patentee of the snlky plow, under the name 
 of Skinner, Briggs & Mead. Mr. Mead having sold out to Mr. Enoch in 
 1866 or 1867, and Mr, Skinner dying in 1872, the business has been sus- 
 tained by the above named gentlemen. Their principal productions are 
 plows, of all kinds and sizes — riding, walking, gang, and breaking. Their 
 sales are made west of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. They employ sixty 
 men, and average about fifty plows per day. 
 
 Emerson, Talcott & Co., manufacturers of agricultural implements. 
 J. H. Manny invented the combined reaper and mower, and in 1852 formed 
 a partnership with Wait Talcott, for their mannfacture. In 1856 or 1857, 
 Ralph Emerson came in as a partner, and Mr. Manny died soon after. The 
 firm has changed somewhat since their first organization, and recently be- 
 came a stuck company, with the above caption. They make hand and horse 
 
U^ X 
 
 DURAND TP. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 419 
 
 corn-planters, "Ceres," "Star," and "Standard" corn cultivators; riding, walk- 
 ing and combined "Standard" broadcast seeder, four sizes; "Economist" 
 self-raking reaper; new "Manny" combined self-rake reaper and mower; 
 "Acme" mower; besides a variety of smaller articles of iron, among 
 which are brackets, hitching posts, etc. Their trade extends east as 
 tar as New York, west to California and the Sandwich Islands, and south to 
 Texas, the greater proportion being in the Northwest. They employ from 
 one to two hundred men. Officers of the company: Ralph Emerson, Presi- 
 dent; Daniel Goodlander, Vice President; Wm. A. Talcott, Secretary and 
 Treasurer; J. Herva Jones, Superintendent. 
 
 Wm. A. Knowlton, farm machinery; began business here in 1872. 
 He makes "Knowlton's" combined and single reaper; "Paddock's" sulky 
 hay rake, as well as pne of his own pattern; "Eclipse" riding and walking 
 cultivators; "Dexter," and "Dexter, Jr.," walking cultivators; besides do- 
 ing general machine and foundry work. His business, from $60,000 to 
 $75,000 per annum, is well scattered over the Northwest. His manufactory, 
 on Race street, furnishes labor for seventy men. 
 
 Bertrand & Sames began the manufacture of their "Riding Corn Culti- 
 vator" at this place in 1860. Their business, of from |15,000 to $30,000 
 per year, extends all over the corn growing states. 
 
 John P. Manny, manufacturer of reapers and mowers. In 1848, J . H. 
 Manny and his father made the first "header," and in the succeeding year 
 manufactured them quite largely, but lost money, the machines being too 
 cumbersome and costly for general use. In 1850, J. H. Manny invented 
 the combined reaper and mower, which, in after years, brought about the 
 law suit with C. H. McCormick, upon which Abraham Lincoln and Edwin 
 M. Stanton were employed. It resulted in Mr. Manny's favor. This year, 
 defective sickles caused the failure of the machines. J. H. Manny and his 
 father becoming bankrupt, J. P. Manny then began their manufacture, and 
 in 1852 he made the sickles. The machines were a complete success this 
 year, receiving at Geneva, N. Y. (the first public trial when reaping and 
 mowing niachin«;s were demonstrated to be economically useful to the gen- 
 eral farmer), the first prize as mowers and secojid prize as reapers. Mr. J. 
 H. Manny, then upon flattering representations of the "Water Power Co. at 
 Rockford, settled in this city and continued the making of reapers with Mr. 
 Talcott, J. P. Manny having the contract to furnish the sickles. This he 
 continued to do until Mr. jrH. Manny's death, the last of January, or first 
 of February, 1856, when he began manufacturing for himself, the two- 
 wheeled combined reaper and mower, which he had just patented. A few ' 
 years afterward he contracted with N. C. Thompson, for their manufacture, 
 the territory west of the Mississippi reverting to him in 1866, and IlUnois 
 and Wisconsin in 1877. He makes from 500 to 1,000 machines per 
 annum, 
 
 Mr. F. H. Manny began business in this place in 1859, manufacturing 
 the "J. H. Manny" reaper, and a fanning mill. Shortly afterward he intro- 
 duced the "Manny" seeder, and then a riding corn cultivator. He employs 
 about seventy-five men for ten months in the year. His shop is on Race 
 street. 
 
 Pumps. — Wells of from fifty to one hundred twenty-five feet in depth 
 are common in this country, and necessitated a well-constructed pump. 
 W. D. Trahern be2;an this branch of industry in this city in 1862. He 
 makes pumps of all kinds at his shops on the corner of Wyman and Mill 
 
 23 
 
420 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTT. 
 
 streets. He employs thirty-five men, and distributes his work mostly in 
 the Northwest. 
 
 A. W. Woodward also makes pumps for the wholesale trade. He 
 began here in December, 1872. A water-wheel governor is also one of 
 his leading articles. 
 
 Paper-mills. — Building paper is, in an economical point of view, 
 assuming considerable importance. The Kenny Brothers began this indus- 
 try at Rockford in 1872. They supply largely several paper box makers in 
 !New York, Boston and Philadelphia, with straw board. They have eighteen 
 men, and their mill on Hace street has a capacity of from four to five tons 
 daily. 
 
 The Pockford Paper Company, of Messrs. Rhoads & Utter, established 
 here in 1865, make fine and coarse wrapping papers, which, besides their 
 local trade, are sold in Iowa, Minnesota, Illinois and Wisconsin. They 
 employ thirty men. 
 
 Flour and Grist Mills. — Of these, there are four. T. Derwent & Son, 
 on the West Side, employ seven men, and produce flour in large quantities 
 at their mill on Mill street. They have eight run of stone, and the neces- 
 sary machinery, including that used in making the "New Process" flour. 
 
 On the East Side, the Forest City Mills of J. Cox & Son, and the 
 Reaper City Mills of J. G. Chick, were controlled by the firm of Chick & 
 Cox, beginning business here in November, 1871. August 16, 1877, they 
 separated. The Forest City Mills employ ten men, producing about 100 
 barrels of flour per day, which is principally sold to the citizens of Rock- 
 ford and vicinity. The Reaper City Mills have a capacity of 400 barrels 
 per day, and, at present, a force of fourteen men. Their sales are princi- 
 pally in the North-west. 
 
 The grist-mill of Joseph Rodd was a saw-mill in 1844, owned by Wil- 
 lard Wheeler. It became a grist-mill in 1856, when Mr. Rodd purchased 
 it, and for a long time was the only mill doing custom work in this part of 
 the county. It employs three men, and is managed by T. G. Lawler. 
 
 Rockford Bolt Works. — This firm became a stock company last July, 
 having begun business here in 1866. Their sales are local — to the agricul- 
 tural implement manufacturers here. Their works are on Race street, and 
 furnish labor for thirty-five employees. 
 
 Knitting Factory. — This is indeed a curiositj^ Here are machines 
 that knit the whole sock, toe, heel, and all; when one is completed, drop it 
 into a receptacle below, and, without stopping, begin another. The propri- 
 etors, Messrs. Burson & Nelson, are pioneers in this department, having 
 invented and pertected the first successful machine of this kind in the 
 United States. They began in 1868, and now employ seventy-five hands, 
 who turn out 100 dozen socks per day of all grades. Their business extends 
 from Cleveland and Cincinnati, Ohio, to Denver, Colorado. They are also 
 makers of the seamless sock knitting ma,chine. 
 
 W. S. Stearns also manufactures hosiery, in the Masonic Block, as well 
 as the cotton mill. 
 
 Scroll Saws. — One of the enterprises that started from small begin- 
 nings in 1870, is the scroll saw shop of Messrs. W. F. & John Barns. They 
 make a number of kinds of foot power saws for amateurs, as well as shop 
 work. They have received orders from most of the civilized countries of 
 the globe. Their shops in the Emerson building give employment to 
 twenty-five men. 
 
HI8TOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 421 
 
 Extension Rules. — A new industry was originated, November, 1876, 
 Mr. E. D. Waterbury, who had patented an extension rule, a very useful 
 article, formed a partnership with Mr. E. Smith, for its manufacture. The 
 machinery for making was yet to be made — it could not be bought — but 
 the inventive minds of the firm were equal to the occasion, and have suc- 
 ceeded in this as well, the machine that rivets on the pins that hold the 
 brass sides being quite a novelty. Recently Mr. Smith has bought out the 
 others, and now controls the business. He employs fifteen men at liis sliop 
 in the Emerson building. 
 
 Brushes. — The Rockford Brush Company make everything in this line, 
 from a small sash tool to a seven or eight-inch kalsomining brush, including 
 scrubbing, horse, shoe, and clothes brushes. The company was organized 
 in April, 187T, but enjoy quite a trade. 
 
 Barrels. — O. A. Crandall began the making of this important adjunct 
 to the flour producing interests here, in 1865. He employs ten men, who 
 turn out annually 45,000 barrels, mostly used here. In this same shop, 
 also, Messrs. Crandall & Durham make the " Seamen's "Washer," employing 
 four men, who complete about 1,500 of these useful articles yearly, which find 
 a sale in the neighboring States. 
 
 Steam Bakery. — The Rockford Steam Bakery was operated for some 
 years as a bread making establishment, but in 1872 began the exclusive 
 manufacture of crackers, of which they produce about 100 barrels per day 
 of all varieties. These are distributed on a parallel west from Rockford to 
 Yankton, Dakota. They employ twenty-five men. 
 
 WooLKN Mill. — Dyson & Yan Wie own the only woolen mill in the 
 place. This mill began to be used for this purpose in 1864. At present, 
 the iirm employ twelve men, who make cassimeres, flannels, yarn, etc. 
 Their goods are sold in the Northwest. 
 
 Pattern Making. — In a manufacturing centre like Rockford, pattern 
 and model makers are not only desirable, but necessary. For the last year 
 there have been about 60 applications to the patent oflice ot the United 
 States for patents from citizens of this county. This is indicative of the 
 business of model makers here. Messrs. Savage & Love began this class ot 
 work in June, 1874. Their shop on Mill street furnishes employment for 
 three workmen. They are also general millwrights. 
 
 Wm. Jent also is engaged in the making of models, and pays special 
 attention to the building of wood working machinery. He employs twelve 
 men in his shop on Mill street. One of his specialties is a machine for 
 making barbs for fence wire. 
 
 Wire "Works. — Messrs. Lockwood & Lyman are interested in the 
 weaving of wire cloth, beginning here in a small way about four years ago. 
 They make screen wire of all kinds, with a power loom, said to be the only 
 one in the United States, paper-makers' wire cloth being their specialty. 
 Their annual sales of $30,000 are principally made in the Northwest and 
 South. They employ twenty men in their shop on Wyman street. 
 
 SpafFord, Parmele & Co. are on the East Side, at the corner of North 
 First and Market streets, and are engaged in the same occupation, making 
 wire goods of all descriptions. Their sales average about $30,000 annually, 
 and are made in California and the Northwest. They employ twenty-seven 
 men. 
 
 Foundries, Iron Works, Etc. — The Utter Manufacturing Company, 
 successors to Clark and Utter, do a general jobbing business in iron work. 
 
422 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 making a specialty of mill machinery. They also malve the "Gorham" 
 Broad Cast Seeder and Cultivator, as well as a corn cultivator. Their 
 works on Race street are the oldest on the water power. They work sixty- 
 five men. 
 
 Mr. F. Ward established himself here as a foundryman in 1874. He 
 employs fifteen men at his shop, on Wyman and Main streets, making the 
 "Boss" Corn Planter as a specialty, the greater part of his work being for 
 local trade. 
 
 KocKFORD Malleable Iron Works. — Until a few years ago, it was 
 thought that any implement or part of a machine that ought to have extra 
 strength must be hammered out of wrought iron. Now malleable iron is 
 cast like cast iron, with the exception that the castings are annealed for some 
 length of time before they are fit for service. Messrs. D. Forbes & Son, who 
 had established a foundry here in 1854, began this branch of the business in 
 1864, when there were none like it west of Cincinnati. This industry has 
 grown into considerable importance. This firm, under the name of Rock- 
 ford Malleable Iron Works, employ fifty men and make plow attachments 
 of all descriptions, and other implements of like character. 
 
 RocKFORD Watch Company. — This company was organized March 4, 
 1874, with a capital that was shortly afterward increased to $165,000. 
 Their factory on South Main street. East Rockford, manufactures twenty 
 grades of the "Quick Train" watch. They employ 120 operatives, with a 
 monthly pay roll of $6,000. The building is heated by steam and derives 
 its power from the same source. Oflicers of the company: Levi Rhodes, 
 president; H. W. Price, vice president; H. P. Holland, secretary and 
 treasurer. 
 
 Boots and Shoes. — R. Anglemyer manufactures boots and shoes of 
 the heavy grades. His shop, near State street, has a capacity of 100 pairs 
 of men's, women's, misses' and children's shoes, as well as twenty-four pairs 
 of boots, per day. He employs at the present time twelve men. 
 
 Furniture. — The Rockford Union Furniture Company was organized 
 as a co-operative association of twenty-five members, Feb. 15, 1876. Their 
 capital, $40,000, is divided among twenty-four members at the present time, 
 one of their number having sold out. They employ thirty-five men, and 
 make bedsteads, bureaus, center and dining tables, and book-cases, which 
 are sold in the Northwest. Officers: John Erlander, president; John Pear- 
 son, vice president; P. A. Pederson, secretary; Joseph Peters, treasurer; 
 Jonas Peters, superintendent. 
 
 Forest City Furniture Company. — Gilbert Woodruff", president; C. H. 
 Keith, secretary and treasurer; A. C. Johnson, superintendent. This com- 
 pany was organized in October, 1875. They have a capital of $50,000, and 
 employ seventy-five men. They make bedsteads, chamber suits and tables. 
 Their works and office are at the corner ot Seventh and Rail Road avenues. 
 
 C. G. Burnap, at the water power on Main street, makes a specialty of 
 book-cases, as well as finishing offices, churches, etc. He employs five 
 men, and began this branch a year ago last April. 
 
 Brewers. — The Rockford Brewery, J. Peacock proprietor, was estab- 
 lished in 1849. At present it furnishes labor for five men, but with a 
 double force, can make 5.000 barrels of ale and beer annually. Location, 
 North Main street. East Rockford. 
 
 Fisher's Brewery began work in 1868. It employs four or five men, 
 and averages sixteen barrels per day. 
 
HISTORY OF WnSTNBBAGO COTTNTT. 423 
 
 John W. Diamond, 822 South Main street, and the Oak Grove Brew- 
 ery, Beloit Road, are also engaged in tliis occnpsttion. 
 
 Cotton Mills. — Graham & Company, manufacturers of grain bags, 
 batting, twine, hosiery, etc., began business in this city in 1865. They 
 employ 150 operatives. Their sales last year, which aggregated $250,000, 
 were principally made in Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Illinois. 
 
 Oat Meal Mills. — This industry was organized Sept. 14, 1872, by A. 
 M. Johnston & Co. They manufecture from 25,000 to 30,000 barrels of 
 oat meal yearly, which is sold in all the larger cities of the United States, 
 with an occasional shipment to Great Britain. They have fourteen hands. 
 
 Planing Mills. — Of these, there are three principal ones — T. J. Der- 
 went, who also makes sash, doors and blinds, and J. F. Landus (estate), 
 next to Briggs & Enoch ; both on the water power. Geo. Bradley, 303 and 
 305 South Main street, who uses steam. 
 
 Tanneries.— Messrs. Munthe & Haegg, tanners of buckskins, furs, 
 and string leather; also manufacturers of gloves, mittens, etc. They began 
 operations here in October, 1875. They employ five men, and have re- 
 cently moved into the building owned by H. W. Price. 
 
 iless & Stone are also tanners of harness, calf, kip and upper leather 
 This establishment was built by Geo. D. Edson, in 1859, and was owned 
 and operated by several parfies for a number of years as a chemical tan- 
 nery, until the present firm ado])ted the old fashion oak process. They em- 
 plov six men, and make their sales in the Northwest. 
 
 " Wagons and Carriages.— Anton Neumister, No. 119 North Main 
 street, East Rockford. 
 
 August Neumister, No. 212 and 214 East State street. 
 
 John Thoreson, No. 320 and 322 South Main street. 
 
 Ford & Fellows, No. 113, 115 and 117 North Main street. 
 
 Reeves & Dunphy, No. 513 West State street. 
 
 Childs & Merrick, South Main street; and several others. 
 
 Paper Box Manufacturers.— Shurer & Cammond, No. 327 East 
 State street. 
 
 Lime Kiln.— R. A. Shepherd, No. 920 Horsman street. 
 
 Distillery.— Freeman Graham, No. 1310 South Main street, East 
 Rockford. 
 
 Cigars.— E. A. Gardner, No. 414 East State street.' 
 
 E. C. Bvers, No. 213 West State street. 
 
 Electro Vapor Baths.— Dr. G. W. Bro^^m, No. Ill West State street. 
 
 Miscellaneous.— West's Enamel Carriage-Top Dressing has become 
 quite popular. Mr. L. M. West, inventor, began the business in 1863, and 
 now does a wholesale trade principally, making 100 gallons daily, at $4.50 
 per gallon. , 
 
 G. A. Shoudy, soap and candles, bought out, in 1869, J. H. Morrill, 
 who opened this"^ business here in 1857. Mr. Shoudy has increased the 
 capacity of the works until they are worth $15,000. He makes hard, sott, 
 and toilet soaps, employing from ten to twelve men for the purpose. 
 
 Rockford Gas-Light and Coke Co.— Mr. T. Butterworth bought 
 out this company in 1856 or '7, and has continued the business ever since. 
 He makes 10,000,000 feet per year; 8,000,000 to private consumers, and 
 2,000,000 for the street lamps, of which there are 161. 
 
 Rockford Insurance Company.— Organized December 22, 1866. Be- 
 gan work January 1, 1867, Capital, $100,000. Insures dwellings and tarm 
 
424 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 property only. Its business is confined to the Northwest. They employ 
 fifteen persons in their office, in the Second National Bank building. 
 Officers of the company — S. M. Church, President; Wm. Watson, Sec'y. 
 
 Forest City Insueance Company^ — Organized August 13, 18T4. 
 Chartered capital, $500,000. This company also insures dwellings and 
 farm property only. Business in the Northwest. Officers of the com- 
 pany — Gilbert Woodruff, President; C. W. Sheldon, Sec'y. 
 
 RocKFOED Museujne. — Dr. E. C. Dunn is proprietor of this collection. 
 It contains a variety of instructive objects of interest, being especially rich 
 in coins, guns, and works of Chinese art. It also has the tablet taken from 
 a mound near here, an engraving of which appears elsewhere in these pages. 
 
 LODGES, ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. 
 masonic. 
 
 KocKFOBD Lodge, No. 102. — Organized Feb. 13, A. D. 1851, under 
 a dispensation from C. G. T. Taylor, Grand Master, the following members 
 constituting its first membership: Alfred E. Ames. W. M. ; William Ly- 
 man, S. W. ; Henry Carpenter, J. W. ; Charles Spafford, Treas. ; Wm. Hu- 
 lin, Secy; Edward H. Baker, S. D.; Ansel Kenfield, J. D.; John Fraley, 
 Chaplain; Jas. P. Burns, Tyler; Wm. F. Ward, Jesse Blinn, Buel G. 
 Wheeler. This lodge was constituted under its present charter November 
 26, 1851. Present officers— Seely Perry, W. M.; John S.Johnston, S. 
 W.; H. H. Stone, J. W.; E. B. Perry, treas.; J. B. Nash, Secy. Number 
 of members, 175. Meets the first and third Thursday evenings of each 
 month. 
 
 Star in the East Lodge, No. 166. — Present number of members, 
 135. This lodge was organized February 12, 1855, under a dispensation 
 from James L. Anderson, Grand Master, the following brethren consti- 
 tuting its first officers and members, viz: E. F. W. Ellis, W. M. ; E, H. 
 Cotton, S. W.; Wm. M. Bowdoin, J. W.; Wm. Hulin, Secv. and Treas.; S. 
 G. Chellis, S. D.; Jos. K. Smith, J. D.; Jos. Burns, Tyler; C. I. Hors- 
 man, B. G. Wheeler and G. W. Reynolds, Stewards; John A. Holland, 
 Charles H. Richings, Dexter G. Clark, Adam McClure, Holder Brownell. 
 The lodge was constituted under its present charter October 3, 1855. Pres- 
 ent officers— B. A. Webber, W. M.; W. L. Nevius, S. W.; W. E. Der- 
 went, J. W. ; Samuel Norton, Treas.; Andrew M. Ross, Secy. Number of 
 members, 162. Meets the first and third Friday evenings of each month. 
 
 E. F. W. Ellis Lodge, U. D.— Hall, No. 124 South Main street, west 
 side. Regular meetings, second and fourth Thursdays of each month. 
 This Lodge was organized Dec. 10, 1868, under a dispensation from Har- 
 mon G. Reynolds, Grand Master, the following bi-ethren constituting its 
 officers and members, viz: Seymour G. Bronson, W. M.; George M. Smith, 
 S. W. ; Joseph W. Seccomb, J. W.; Edward K. Conkling, Sec; Joseph 
 Burns, Treas. ; Evans Blake, S. D. ; John Segar, J. D. ; William Yan Ar- 
 nara and Calvin Ford, Stewards; Adam S. Lake, Tyler; C. L. Robinson, 
 J. Henry Burns, Henry S. Warner, John R. Porter, S. G. Burroughs, E. 
 W. Beattie, E. B. Sears, N. A. Walker, Jas. H. Reynolds, Samuel M. Jones, 
 C. O. Upton, J. G. Knapp, Charles Pannell, Julius Gerber, Wm. Ashworth, 
 Hugh Ross, John W. Bingham, H. P. Stockton, G. W. Reynolds, Reuben 
 Wood, C. I. Horsman, C. H. iRichings, Henry Richings, J. L. Parker, 
 Eliphaz Smith, Horace Chandler, Geo. W. Rohr, Wm. G. Cushman, D. D. 
 Ailing, William Dyson, Horace Brown. Present officers : John T. Laldn, 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 425 
 
 W. M.; J. C. Garvin, S. W.; David Turkenkopp, J. W.; Joseph Burns, 
 Treas. ; Julius Gerber, Sec. Number of members, 105. 
 
 Winnebago Chaptee, No. 24. — Hall, No. 124 South Main street, west 
 side. Regular meetings, first and third Tuesdays of each month. This 
 Chapter was organized Dec. 12, 1854, under a dispensation from Louis 
 Watson, Grand High Priest, the following constituting its first oflScers 
 and members, viz: A. Clark, H. P.; Chauncey Eay, K.; W. F. Parrish, S.; 
 H. Miltimore, Sec; John A. Holland, L. P. Pettibone, R. H. Cotton, Ab- 
 ram Morgan, G. D. Palmer, Ansel Kenfield. The Chapter was constituted 
 under its present charter, Dec. 18, 1855. Present oflBcers: Frank H. Austin, 
 H. P.; C. A. Kitchen, K.; Walter Van Alstine, S.; E. K. Conklin, Sec; 
 Wm. Van Arnam, Treas. Number ot members, 185. 
 
 SiNNissippi Council, No. 30. — Hall, No. 124 South Main street, west 
 side. Present number of members fifty. This Council was organized 
 Sept. 24, 1866, the following constitutina; its first officers and members, 
 viz: S. G. Bronson, T. I. G. M.; J. R. Porter, Dep.; E. K. Conklin, P. C; 
 E. B. Perry, C. G. ; Wm. Van Arnam, Treas. ; Sam'l E. Burroughs, Re- 
 corder; D. D. Ailing, Steward; Wm. Nichols, Sentinel; W. D. E. Andrus, 
 H. H. Dean, G. D. Palmer, J. Lakin, D. Goodlander, Geo. S. Haskell, M. 
 D. Chamberlain, W. T. Smithett, J. Friedman. 
 
 Crusader Commandery, No. IT, K. T. — Asylum No. 124 South Main 
 street. Organized under dispensation Aug. 28, 1865, with Wm. T. 
 Smithett, E. C; Geo. S. Haskell, G.; Wm. W. Wood, Capt. Guard. 
 Formally instituted Nov. 6, 1865, with the following officers and members: 
 W. D. E. Andrus, E. C; S. W. Stone, G.; H. H. Daen, C. G.; F. L. Yin- 
 cent, P.; J. R. Porter, S. W.; I. S. Hyatt, J.W.; D. D. Ailing, Treas.; E. 
 W. Beattie, Recorder: Geo. S. Haskell, Standard B. ; Geo Mentzer, Sword 
 B.; R. S. Norman, Warden; Wm. Nicholas, C. G.; W. T. Smithett, G. D. 
 Palmer, J. Lakin, E. K. Conkling, T. H. Dearborn, Allen Marshall. Pres- 
 ent officers — R. E, Bailey, E. C; C. L. Robinson, G.; James H. Manny, 
 C. G.; 1. S. Montgomery, P.; C. A. Sanborn, S. W.; J. P. Perkins, J. W.; 
 J. P. Seargent, Treas.; F. D. Emerson, Recorder. Number of members, 
 114. Meets in Masonic Hall, the first and third Wednesday evenings of 
 each month. 
 
 ODD-FELLOWSHIP. 
 
 Winnebago Lodge, No. 31, I. O. O. F. — The charter of Winnebago 
 Lodge, No. 31, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of Rockford, was 
 issued by George W. Woodward, Grand Master of the State of Illinois, in 
 1847, to the following named charter members, viz: Selden M. Bronson, 
 Ansel Kenfield, Dewitt Clinton Briggs, Frederick H. Maxwell and Rev. 
 Nathaniel P. Heath. The lodge was instituted by Past Grand Master S. S. 
 Jones, on Wednesday evening, August 11, A. D. 1847, the place of meet- 
 ing being in Horsman's block, West Side. The first officers of the lodge 
 were— F. H. Maxwell, N. G.; D. C. Briggs, V. G.; C. I. Horsman, War- 
 den; Wm. R. Hazard, O.G.; S. M. Bronson, Secy; S. H. Hundson, Treas.; 
 Wm. McKenney, 1. G. Present officers — Thomas Butterworth, N. G.: G. 
 W.Norton, Y. G. ; Dr. L. L. Bunt, R. S. ; E. C. Roberts, P. S. ; W. L. Prouty, 
 P. S. Number of members, 95. Meets everv Mondav evening. 
 
 Social Lodge, No. 140, I. O. O. F.— Instituted Feb. 6, 1854. Offi- 
 cers—Thomas W. Jones, N. G.; Geo. Pratt, Y. G.; Thomas Real, Treas.; 
 H. W. Tebitts, Secy. Number of members, 71. Meets every Friday 
 evening. 
 
426 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGK) COUNTY. 
 
 Daughters of Rebecca, I. O. O. F., Anchor Lodge, No. 84. — Insti- 
 tuted April 26, 1875. Officers— H. R. Wells, N. G.; Mrs. Consinn, 
 
 Y. G.; Mrs. E. J. Turner, Secy; Mrs. J. Beal, Treas. Number of mem- 
 bers, 79. Meets the third Saturday of each month, alternately, in Winne- 
 bago and Social Lodge halls. 
 
 RocKFORD Encampment, No. 44, L O. O. F. — The dispensation for 
 this encampment was granted by Most Worthy Grand Patriarch Chas. 
 Trumbull, Aug. 5, 1857, to the following Patriarchs as charter members: 
 James Fleming, J. H. Clark, Hugh Strickland, Enos. C. Clark, G. A. 
 Stiles, Jos. Schloss, and Robt. Smith, and was instituted by Deputy Grand 
 Patriarch A. E. Jenner, Aug. 26, A. D. 1857. Present officers: L. A. 
 Weyburn, C. P.; Henry Cox, S. W.; A. S. Atchley, H. P.; E. A. Roberts, 
 Scribe; W. A. Prouty, Treas. Number of members, 75. Meets the sec- 
 ond and fourth Tuesday evenings of each month. 
 
 Arthur Lodge, No. 31, Knights of Pythias. — Instituted June 2U, 
 1872. Officers: Frank W. Gerould, C. C; W. H. McCutchin, Y. C; C. 
 H. Wolsey, K. R. & S.; A. S. Atchley, M. of E. Number of members, 
 63. Meets the second, fourth and fifth Wednesday evenings in each 
 month. 
 
 PATRIOTIC order OF SONS OF AMERICA. 
 
 Washington Camp, No. 1. — Organized June 6, 1876. Officers: S. F. 
 Weyburn, P. P.; John H. Warren, Pres.; Solomon Lane, Y. P.; Lorenzo 
 Bunt, M. of F. & C; Paul L. Mayo, R. S.; Geo. W. Sherer, Treas.; 
 Joseph Bacharach, F. S. Number of members, 40. Meets the first 
 and third Thursday evenings of each month 
 
 Washington Camp, No. 3. — Organized July 3, 1877. Officers: Frank 
 W. Gerould, Pres.; John Hamilton, Y. P.; Frank Noble, M. of F. & C; 
 Charles Penfield, Sec; Arthur H. Frost, F. S.; E. B. Perry, Treas. Num- 
 ber of members, 39. Meets the second and fourth Tuesday evenings of 
 each month. 
 
 ANCIENT ORDER OF UNITED WORKMEN. 
 
 SiNissippi Lodge, No. 35, A. O. U. W. — Organized January, 1877. 
 Officers: D. A. Elmore, P. M. W.; J. T. Savage, M. W.; F. Lockwood, G. 
 F.; John Elliott, O.; Jerry Barnes, Recorder; D. K. Harmes, F.; Fred 
 Mutimer, R. Number of members. 37. Meets every Thursday evening. 
 
 Forest City Lodge, No. 12, A. O. U. W.— Instituted April, 1876. 
 Officers: L. A. Weyburn, P. M. W.; J. B. Lockwood, M. W.; David Mit- 
 chell, G. F.; J. W. Bartlett, O.; Lewis Lake, Recorder; J. D. Burns, F. 
 Number of members, 60. Meets every Wednesday evening. 
 
 Reaper City Lodge, No. 36, A. O. U. W.— Organized March, 1877. 
 Officers: R. H. Ross, P. M. W.; Dr. H. C. Gill, M. W.; J. B. Medler, G. 
 F.; J. E. Yan Demark, O.; A. E. Bunt, Recorder; G. W. Yestal, F.; 
 Thomas Emmet. R. Number of members, 41. Meets every Tuesday 
 evening. 
 
 Skandia Lodge, No. 54, A. O. U. W.— Organized April, 1877. Offi- 
 cers: C. A. Lungren, P. M. W.; S. F. Weyburn, M. W.; C. A. Johnson, 
 G.; C. A. Lundquist, O.; Dr. L. F. Foot, Recorder; Wm. Kerr, F._; John 
 Landain, R. Number of members, 40. Meets every Tuesday evening. 
 
 temperance organizations. 
 RocKFORD Temperance Alliance. — Organized February, 1875. Pres- 
 ent officers: James La Mont, President; several Yice Presidents; F. L. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO OOTTNTT. 429 
 
 Passon, Secretary; C. L. Williams, Treasurer. Number of members, 800. 
 Meets the first Thursday evenina; of each month. 
 
 RocKFORD Reform Club. — Organized Oct. 15, 1875. Officers: James 
 Regan, President; Dr. B. J. Kellogg, Yice President; Frank H. Kelley. Sec- 
 retary. Number of members, 130. 
 
 Spafford Lodge, No. 500, I. O. of Gr. T. — Organized February 19, 1876. 
 Present officers: E. C. Coppins, W. C. T.; Alice McKinley, W'Y. T.; F. 
 F. Follet, ^Y. S.; W. A. Robley, W. F. S.; Mrs. — Colson, W. T. Number 
 of members, 15. Meets every Tuesday evening. 
 
 Excelsior Lodge, No. 709, I. O. of 6. T.--South Rockford. Organ- 
 ized Jan. 16, 1866. Officers: W. L. Calkins, W. C. T.; Mrs. Margaret 
 Gould, W. Y. T.; A. Patterson, W. R. S.; A. S. Waddle, W. F. S. Number 
 of members, 65. Meets every Tuesday evening. 
 
 Forest City Temple of Honor, No. 2. — Oro-anized Nov. 8. 1876. 
 Officers: S. Lane, W. C. T.; W. H. C. Miller, W. Y. T.; Frank Kelly, W. 
 R.; E. C. Coppins, W. F. R.; James Alberts, W. T. Number of members, 
 40. Meets every Monday evening. 
 
 Woman's Temperance Union. — Organized March 27, 1874. Officers: 
 Mrs. John Backus, President; several Yice Presidents; Mrs. S. M. I. Henry, 
 Corresponding Secretary; Mrs. Malancthon Starr, Recording Secretary; 
 Mrs. S. B. Wilkins, Treasurer. Number of members, 120. Meets Thurs- 
 day afternoons. 
 
 St. James Total Abstinence Society. — Organized April 2, 1873. Offi- 
 cers: W. J. Johnson, President; Thomas Weldon, Yice President; Thomas 
 McGrath, R. S.; Arthur McKneely, C. S.; P. H. Walsh, Treasurer. Num- 
 ber of members, 100. Meets the first Wednesday evening of each month, 
 and the third Sunday afternoon. 
 
 MISCELLANEODS. 
 
 Rockford "Burns" Club. — Organized Nov. 5, 1858. Officers: D. 
 H, Ferguson. President; Wm. McGregor, Yice President; John Micklcjohn, 
 Secretary; Archibald Smith, Treasurer; Geo. Wilson, Librarian. Number of 
 member's, about 60. Meets the second and fourth Tuesday evenings of 
 each month. 
 
 Grand Army of the Republic, G. L. Nevius Post, No. 1. — Organ - 
 Oct. 10, 1866. Present officers : T. G. Lawler, P. C; J. B. Nash, S.Y. C; 
 H. L. Wilmott, J. Y. C; T. W. Cole, Q. M.; David LaMott, Adjt. Num- 
 ber of members, 175. Meets the second and third Monday evenings in 
 each month. 
 
 Rockford Rifles, Co. B, 3d Regt. I. S. G.— Organized July 10, 1876. 
 Military officers: T. G. Lawler, Captain; H. N. Starr, First Lieutenant; T. 
 W.Gerould, Second Lieutenant. Civil officers: T. G. Lawler, President; J. 
 C. Garner, Yice President; C. C.Jones, Secretary; Chandler Starr, Treas- 
 urer. Number of members, 81. Meets every Friday evening. 
 
 Y. M. C. A.— Organized Mav 19, 1876. Their rooms are in Wallace's 
 Block. Officers: H. L. Tupper, President; L. A. Trowbridge, E. P.Thomas, 
 Yice Presidents; C. E. Sheldon, Secretary and Treasurer. Meets Monday 
 evenings, and Sundays at 5 p. m. 
 
 Rockford Germania Gesang Yerein.— A German singing club. L 
 Bacharach, President; C. Henry, Yice President; T. Radecker, Secretary; 
 Philip Minsinger, Treasurer; August Dedrickson, Leader. Number of 
 members, 40. Meets the first Tuesday evening of each month. 
 
430 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 WINNEBAGO. 
 
 This township, one of the best in the county for general agricultural 
 purposes, is bounded on the north by the town of Burritt, east by the town 
 of Rockford, south by the town of Byron (Ogle County), and west by the 
 town of Seward, and contains an area of 21,089 97-100 acres of land. The 
 first settler was David Adams Holt, who settled here in 1835, making his 
 claim on Section 34. 
 
 What may seem a little singular, the first death and the first birth 
 occurred in the family of the first settler in the township. Harriet Holt, 
 now deceased, was born in June, 1836, and her father, David Adams Holt, 
 died July 13, 1839. It was also in the house of this first settler the first 
 school was taught. 
 
 William Holt came some time during 1836, and settled on Section 26. 
 He was a man of great physical powers of endurance, and every way a good 
 man, and one who took an active part in the dissemination of religious 
 truths among the people of that early day, being a consistent and devoted 
 member of the Methodist church. Another brother, Elijah Holt, also came 
 the following year, 1837, and settled on Section 35. Like his brother Wil- 
 liam, Elijah was a man of strong religious convictions, and to the Holt 
 brothers, perhaps, may be attributed, in a great measure, the founding of 
 that deep-seated and permanent moral influence that has always p]-evailed 
 in this township. 
 
 In 1838, Alby Briggs, also from J^ew York, settled on Section 33. In 
 1839, Duty Hudson and two of his brothers, Kichard L. and Horace, came 
 in and settled on the same section (33) with Briggs. To Duty Hudson is 
 due t"he honor of opening the first public house in the township, which was 
 known from Chicago to Galena, in fact in all parts of the country from 
 which travelers to this part of the country came, as the "Buck Horn Tav- 
 ern." It was made a station in the stage route between Chicago and 
 Galena, and was generally known as Westfield Corners. It was the first 
 post-oflice established in this part of the county, and when it was estab- 
 lished. Duty Hudson was appointed Post Master. It is now inarked on the 
 map as Elida. The first store in the township was also opened at West- 
 field Corners, by Albert Wilson, in 1853. It was a small grocery store, and 
 carried on with limited means. 
 
 The Hudsons were men of great force of character and influence, and 
 are credited by their fellow citizens and neighbors with giving shape and 
 character to the public undertakings of their town. Richard L. Hudson 
 served as C^ounty Commissioner two years, being elected in August, 1847. 
 
 In 1844 Alonzo Hall came here from London, Canada West, and 
 settled on Section 34. Subsequently he purchased 1,500 acres of land, and 
 engaged largely in agricultural pursuits. At one time he had 600 acres 
 under cultivation, and at another time, between 1846-9, he had in his pas- 
 tures 1,500 sheep. In 1849 he raised 300 acres of wheat, but it became 
 badly injured by rust, which so discouraged him that he abandoned wheat 
 growing. In 1850, together with some of his friends, he made an overland 
 trip to California, where he died, Nov. 21, of that year. John Burch, 
 another Canadian, settled on Section 32, in 1839. John Burch, Jr., came at 
 the same time. The senior Burch was another man of religious convic- 
 tions and practices, and was a class leader in the first M. E. church society 
 organized in the township, In 1845, Demos W. Grippen came in from New 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 431 
 
 York, and settled on Section 31. When the war of tlie rebellion came on, 
 he was an old man, but he made himself look young, enlisted in the armv 
 without bounty, served his time, and again enlisted. David Vanston came 
 from Canada West in 1839, and settled on Section 30, and always exercised 
 a liealthy and beneficial influence in religious and political circles. He was 
 a generous and hospitable citizen, and strangers and neighbors always found 
 a warm welcome at his table and at his fireside. David C. Lewis came here 
 from Michigan, in 1845, and commenced life among the Winnebago set- 
 tlers by working for fifty cents per day. Afterwards he worked at his 
 trade, that of carpenter, and subsequently moved into the village of Win- 
 nebago, and probably did more in the way of building, to improve the 
 town, than any one man. 
 
 This embraces a list of the early and more influential citizens of the 
 township, as we have been enabled to gather them. There are, no doubt, 
 many qthers equally worthy of special mention, but their names are not 
 recorded on the paper so kindly submitted for the benefit of this book. 
 
 The county of Winnebago was organized under an act of the Legisla- 
 ture, January, 1836. An election for county oflicers was held on the first 
 Monday in August of the same year, which was the first day of that month. 
 On Wednesday, the 3d, the first meeting of the Board of County Commis- 
 sioners was held. Amon.g the first business of the Board was the establish- 
 ment of the boundary lines of precincts for election and other municipal 
 purposes. Seven precincts were thus established, among which was Rock- 
 ford, which was made to include township 26, range 11, east of the fourth 
 principal meridian, and township 44 and the south half of township 45, 
 ranges 1 and 2, east of the third principal meridian, embracing all of the 
 present towns of Winnebago and' Guilford, the most of Rockford, and the 
 south half of Owen and Harlem. July 9, 1839, the County Commissioners 
 ordered that ''all of town 26, north of range 11, east of the third principal 
 meridian, except the north tier of sections of said township, together with 
 sections 5, 6, 7 and 8 in town 43 north, range 1 east of the third principal 
 meridian, and section 31 in town 44, range 1 east, should be detached from 
 the Rockford and Kishwaukee precincts, and erected into a separate pre- 
 cinct, to be known as La Prairie." Edward Warren, Asa Weldon and John 
 Emmerson were appointed to be judges of elections, and the house of David 
 A. Holt designated as the place where the elections should be held. The 
 first election was held the first Monday of August following. As shown 
 by the old poll-book, on file in the county clerk's ofiice, Asa Weldon did 
 not appear as one of the three judges appointed in the Commissioners' 
 order erecting the precinct, and Elijali Holt was chosen to the vacancy, and 
 Andrew Malcolm and Abram E. Palmer were chosen as clerks of the elec- 
 tion. Fourteen votes were polled, and thirteen candidates voted for. Ed- 
 ward Warren and Abrara 'E. Palmer were candidates for justices of the 
 peace; the former received 13 votes, and the latter received 10 votes, and 
 Francis A. Stowell received 13 votes for constable. These were the first 
 precinct oflicers elected in La Prairie. 
 
 July 6, 1843, Joseph Folsom and others, petitioned the Board of 
 County Commissioners for authority to change the voting place from 
 Holt's to Duty Hudson's, at Westfield Corners (now Elida), and to change 
 the name of the precinct from La Prairie to Westfield. The prayer of the 
 petitioners was granted, and a corresponding order entered upon the Com- 
 missioners' journal of proceedings. August 7, 1843, the first election was 
 
432 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTT. 
 
 held after the change. Duty Hudson and Elijah Holt were judges, and 
 Daniel C Howell and J. C. Fuller were the clerks. Twenty-seven votes 
 were polled at this election, and twenty-six candidates were voted for. Of 
 the twenty-six candidates voted for, four of the number were elected justices 
 of the peace — Matthias Davis, D. C. Howell, Elijah Holt and John Burch. 
 In August, 1847. another election for justices of the peace was held, when 
 Alonzo Hall was elected to succeed Elijah Holt, and Reuben Alworth, who 
 came to be called the "Ragged Justice," was elected to succeed John Burch, 
 Sr. Hall had no opposition, but Rev. James Hodge was pitched against 
 Alworth. The election of the latter was a surprise both to himself and the 
 voters of the precinct at the time, on account of his strong, outspoken 
 Democratic sentiments. A large majority of the voters were Whigs, and 
 how Alworth succeeded to the election with such strong odds against him, 
 was a mystery that has never been solved. It was one of those political 
 marvels past all finding out. 
 
 February, 1849, the General Assembly passed an act to enable the 
 people of the State to vote "for" or "against" the adoption of the township 
 organization system at the fall election of that year — 1849. In the north- 
 ern part of the State the township plan was generally adopted, hut in most 
 counties in the southern part of the State the old system of county manage- 
 ment by a board of county commissioners, still preyails. The emancipation 
 from the old order of management, involved many details and changes of 
 names of precincts or voting places, the establishment of new voting places, 
 etc. In carrying out the measures necessary to perfect these changes, Messrs. 
 Duncan Ferguson, Stephen Mack (who settled among the Winnebago 
 Indians in 1829, and married one of their women), and Henry Crandall 
 were appointed commissioners to define and establish the township bound- 
 aries and also to name them agreeably to the wishes of their respective 
 citizens. By some misunderstanding, the name of Elida was given to 
 Westfield, under which name it was recorded, and continued to be knoM^n 
 until 1855, when the citizens petitioned the proper authorities, and the name 
 was changed to Winnebago. 
 
 Elida held its first meeting under the township organization law 
 April 2, 1850. Rev. James Hodges was the moderator, and B. F. Upson 
 the clerk. The first officers elected were: Supervisor, Chauncy Ray; 
 Town Clerk, Joseph L. Bruce; Assessor, Calvin Briggs; Collector, Horace 
 Hudson; Commissioners of Highways, Demos W. Grippen, Thomas Hall, 
 and Elijah Holt; Justices of the Peace, Reuben Alworth and Benjamin F. 
 Ifpson; Constables, William Hartwell and Jos. D. Warren; Overseer of 
 the Poor, Alby Briggs. 
 
 A record of the proceedings of the Board of Auditors was read at the 
 next regular town meeting, April, 1851, but was not entered on the regis- 
 ter; consequently the amount paid for township services is not definitely 
 known. The second year the same omission appears, and it is not until 
 1854 that any such record Avas entered, when the following exhibit is made: 
 
 Paid Assessor, $16.50; do. Town Clerk, $7.75; do. Auditing Board, 
 $6.00; do. Commissioners of Highways, $14.50; total, $44.75. 
 
 The first land purchase made at the Galena Land Oflice was by Henry 
 Schoonmaker, who, on the 26th of July, 1841, entered by pre-emption the 
 east half of the southwest quarter of section twenty. The same day Joseph 
 Folsom entered the west half of the southwest quarter of section twenty- 
 eight. The last entries .were made in 1853, 
 
HISTORY OF WnmEBAGO COUNTT. 433 
 
 The first school was commenced in a part of the house of 'David A. 
 Holt, on section thirty-four, op^^osite where W. L. Wright now lives, Aug. 
 3, 1839, by Miss Mary Treadwell, who afterwards married Elijah Holt. It 
 was a subscription school, and the house in which it was taught is still 
 standing. In 1844, a frame school house was erected, by subscription, and 
 Miss Treadwell (or rather Mrs. Elijah Holt, for such she had become by 
 marriage), was again employed as teacher, at a salary of $2.00 per week, 
 and to board herself. Forty scholars were enrolled, and, by this time the 
 mother of two small children, she often rocked the cradle and heard lessons 
 recited at the same time. 
 
 In 1851, according to the local exhibit from which we quote, the real 
 estate valuation of the township was returned at $48,595; personal prop- 
 erty, $24,518; total, $73,113. Against this there was an assessment for 
 taxes as follows: 
 
 Real E state. —Comity t2iX, $145.76; State, $293.15; Town, $100.44; 
 School, $222.19. Total taxes against real estate, $761.54. 
 
 Personal E date.— Gowntj tax, $73.61; State, $147.89; Town, $50.66; 
 School, $93.35. Total taxes against personal estate, $365.51. Grand total, 
 $1,127.05. 
 
 In 1875 the same local statistics show the following figures: Real es- 
 tate valuation, $409,022; town lots, $59,402; personal property, $94,313. 
 Total valuation, $562,737. Against this valuation the tax assessment was 
 as follows: 
 
 State tax, $1,691.69; County, $3,098.18; Town, $283.14; School, $4,- 
 038.24; Road and Bridge, $193.82; Delinquent and Road, |1 10.16; Dog, 
 $18.00. Grand total, $9,433.23. 
 
 Recapitulation. — Total valuation of taxable property in 1851, $73,- 
 113; do. in 1875, $562,737; increase in twenty-four years, $489,624. State 
 tax in 1851, $441.04; do. in 1875, $1,691.69; increase, $1,250.65. County 
 tax in 1851, $219.37; do. in 1875, $3,098.18; increase, $2,878.81. Town 
 tax in 1851, $151.10; do. in 1875, $283.14; increase, $132.04. School tax 
 in 1851, $315.52; do. in 1875, $4,038.24; increase, $3,722.72. Per cent, 
 on the dollar in 1851, nearly .0155; do. in 1875, .0168; a difference of 
 only .0013. 
 
 In 1875 the number of acres of wheat raised was 1,802; corn, 5,263; 
 oats, 2,925; meadow land, 2,294; otlier products, 449; inclosed in pasture, 
 3,232; orchards, 262; wood land, 1,222. Total, 17,495. 
 
 May 31, 1851, a terrible hurricane swept through this township — 
 striking it near the southwest corner, and, traveling in a northeast direc- 
 tion, its course was marked by destruction and desolation. The residence 
 of William Burch was torn to atoms, and his wife, Catharine, one daughter 
 aged four years, and another one aged twenty-one months, killed by the fly- 
 ing timbers. Next the house of Curtis Briggs was unroofed, a house be- 
 longing to William Hartwell was blown down, as also that of Deacon 
 Alonzo Gorham, and then a house near the present residence of Jacob Hoi- ' 
 lenbeck. Horses, cattle, sheep and hogs were picked up and carried for 
 miles by it, and then dashed to pieces. Another vein or branch of the de- 
 stroying fiend blew down the house of Abraham Sweezy, in the western 
 part of the town. Before it struck Winnebago, it swept down a, grout 
 house in Seward township, about twenty-five rods from the township line. 
 Seeing the monster rushing on toward their house, young Asher Miller and 
 his wife sprang to the door to close it, but their united strength was as but 
 
434 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 a straw. With the door, thej were thrown out into the open air, and Asher 
 Miller, senior, after the storm had passed over, was found in the cellar, cov- 
 ered with dehris. 
 
 War Record. — Of their patriotism in the years of their country's 
 peril — from the spring of 1861 to 1865 — the people of Winnebago town- 
 ship, without regard to age, sex, condition, or partisan prejudices, may well 
 be proud. July 4, 1861, a great celebration of American Independence 
 was held in the village of Winnebago. Melancthon Smith, an attorney of 
 prominence of Kockford, was the orator of the day, and in the course of his 
 oration said: "More Colonel Ellsworths may be murdered, more Lieuten- 
 ant Grebels may fall, but the war must go on." " How little," continues 
 the local historian, "did any of us dream when listening to those stirring 
 words that they were almost prophetic of the sad death of the speaker him- 
 self. Speeches were also made by T. A. C. Beard, and others, and a spirit 
 of patriotism aroused that manifested itself in the large number of subse- 
 quent enlistments from the town. From that time forward the quota of 
 the town was for the most part quickly filled, and it seemed that when the 
 74th Regiment was being raised the question was not who could be sent, 
 but who could be kept at home." Not more than nine men were hired by 
 the town to fill its various quotas, and these were hired almost at the close 
 of the war. 
 
 This township raised $3,000, to be expended for war purposes under 
 its own supervision, besides paying its full share of county war tax, amount- 
 ing, as estimated, to $10,000 more, making in all, $13,000. Besides this 
 sum, large amounts were contributed to the Sanitary and Christian Com- 
 missions, of which no accounts were kept. And once during the war, 
 Amos Miller was sent to the front with a large supply of provisions and 
 delicacies for Winnebago's Boys in Blue. In the dark days of the "cruel 
 war" — in all the undertakings of the husbands and fathers, the wives and 
 mothers and daughters were just as active and self-denying. To recount 
 all \X\dit Winnebago people accomplished, would make a respectable volume 
 in itself. Their good deeds are too numerous to be recounted in full in a 
 work of this character, however gladly we would like to do so, hence 
 we can only summarize a few of the most important. 
 
 Miss Tryphena Pettis, now Mrs. Wilcox, of Rockford, left a good posi- 
 tion as school teacher, to offer herself and be accepted as a nurse in a small- 
 pox hospital at the South. Such devotion to the cause of one's country 
 and its suffering heroes, rises above ordinary human nature, and deserves 
 to be recorded amon^ the higliest and best deeds of the world's noblest 
 women. Mrs. Alba Miller was also at one time a nurse in the hospital at 
 Camp Douglas, Chicago, leaving the comforts and pleasures of home, that 
 she, too, might contribute to the relief of suffering, languishing soldiers. 
 These are the names of two of the noble women of Winnebago; but the 
 noblest one is yet to be mentioned. The name of that woman was Mrs. M. 
 J. Marchant, afterwards Mrs. M. J. Upright. Of the 150 volunteers con- 
 tributed to the army of the Union from Winnebago, she sent ten sons — 
 one-fifteenth of the whole number — and only regretted the fact that she had 
 not ten more to send! There is, perhaps, not another instance of the kind 
 on record in the war history of the world! On being complimented on the 
 number of volunteers she had provided for the defence of the Union, she 
 replied that if she had known thirty years before that the war was coming, 
 she would have had ten more to respond to the country's call! Of such 
 
 A 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 435 
 
 stuff were "Winnebago's women made. Two of these ten sons were killed 
 in battle; one returned on sick furlough and died at home, and another 
 was wounded and crippled for life. At last accounts Mrs. Upright was 
 living in the State of Iowa. 
 
 The 150 men thus furnished the army from this township, were dis- 
 tributed to the 15th, 44th, 45th 74th and 92d Illinois infantry, and the 8th 
 and 9th Illinois cavalry regiments. Their names will be found in the War 
 Record of Winnebago County, which is elsewhere published in this book. 
 
 Winnebago Village. — Joseph D. Warner built the first house on the 
 village site. In 1853, the Galena and Chicago Union — now known as the 
 Chicago and jS'orthwestern railroad — was completed through Winnebago 
 County, and on the 30th day of December, of that year, T. D. Robertson, of 
 Rockford, surveyed and platted the village. About the same time a post- 
 oflUce was established here, and Warren Shed appointed post-master. Situated 
 in as fine an agricultural district as can be found anywhere, it is the centre of 
 a good trade, and a depot from which a large amount of grain, stock, etc., is 
 annually shipped to Eastern markets, it being estimated that the railroad 
 traffic alone amounts to $25,000 ^^early. The population is very nearly 600, 
 made up of intelligent, refined and industrious people. In 1853, Albert 
 Wilson opened the first general store, which was followed by other trading 
 houses and shops of various kinds, until now there are about thirty-five 
 business places, whose aggregate yearly transactions amount to $152,528.57. 
 The annual shipment of cattle and hogs is set down at 12,000 head, and of 
 grain, 35,000 bushels. We append the names of a few of the heaviest deal- 
 ers and the yearly aggregate of their respective business transactions, as far 
 as reliable data can be had: 
 
 J. B. Alexander, dry goods, $12,000; D, C. Lewis, general store, $10,- 
 000: M. M. Swann, general store, $25,000; N. & F. Corl, carriage manu- 
 facturers, $5,000; W. E. Canniford, pump manufacturer, $5,450; Jerry 
 Jordan, furniture, $2,000; Prescott & Vanston, meat market, $4,000; Grip- 
 pen & Mellen, druggists, |6,000; Bert. Cross, livery, $1,600. There are 
 others whose business is large, but for want of reliable data, their names are 
 omitted, although they are none the less worthy of mention. 
 
 In 1855, the first school. Miss M. Webster, teacher, was taught in Win- 
 nebago, in the basement of the M. E. church. In 1858, the first school 
 house was built, at a cost of $1,325.00. The present graded school house 
 cost $9,200; its current expenses are $2,200 per annum, with an average 
 daily attendance of 122. Teachers: James Ellis, Principal; Miss Emma 
 Moore, Grammar Dep't; Miss Sarah Weld, Intermediate; Mrs. Lettie Tread- 
 well, Primary. 
 
 Churches. — The M. E. Church was organized as a class, with nine 
 members, in 1839, by Rev. Mr. Worthinwton, who became the pastor. John 
 Buch, Sr., was the class leader. When Rev, Barton Courtwright was pas- 
 tor, in 1855, the church at Westfield Corners was built, at a cost of $2,200, 
 the society having 100 members. Rev. Barton Courtwright is now pastor 
 again. 
 
 The Congregational Church was organized July 11, 1846, with eight 
 members. On the 3d day of July, the following year, Rev. James Hodges 
 was elected pastor, and remained ten years. Rev. S. P. Sloan was then 
 called to the pastorate, and in October, 1854, the "stone church " was dedi- 
 cated. Three years afterward it became self-supporting, and during the 
 summer of 1867 was rebuilt. Mr, Sloan remained until November, 1870. 
 
436 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COtTNTY. 
 
 Rev. Henry M. Daniels, from that time to Julj, 1875, and Oct. 1, 1876, 
 Rev. Theodore A. Gardner was ordained and has since continued pastor. 
 Number of members, 127. Average attendance at Sunday-school, 100. 
 
 The M. E. A¥innebago Church grew out of the class of R. S. Hudson. 
 It was organized as a church, with eleven members, in 1855, by Rev. Bar- 
 ton Courtwright. Their present church edifice was began in 1854, and com- 
 pleted in 1860. Pastor, Rev. A. B. Smart. Number of members, 100. 
 Average attendance at Sunday-School, about 70. E. G. Stiles, super- 
 intendent. 
 
 The Middle Creek Presbyterian Church was organized in Ogle County, 
 June, 1855. Of the sixteen original members, fifteen came from the Pres- 
 byterian Church in Rocklord. In 1861 the society moved into this village, 
 and in the same year erected a church edifice, at a cost of $3,000. The first 
 officers of the church were: Rev. W. P. Carson, pastor; Thomas Meredith 
 and Robert Douglass, elders; H. B. Roberts, Robert Bulland, M. Elliott, 
 trustees. Present membership, about 165; Sunday-school, 150. Rev. J. 
 S. Braddock has been pastor twelve years, and is also superintendent of the 
 Sunday-school. 
 
 The Presbyterian Chtirch of Winnebago was organized Aug. 23, 1868, 
 with twenty-four members. J. J. Smith and S. C. Grippen were chosen as 
 the first elders; and Robert Prescott, C. Coneley and H. B. Roberts, 
 trustees. Rev. Joseph Braddock was the pastor from 1868 to 1870; Rev. 
 Wm. A. Gay, from 1870 to 1873; Rev. Paul H. Pitkins, trom 1873 to 1875; 
 and Rev. John M. Linn, from 1875 to the present. Present membership, 
 140; Sunday-school membership, about 125. Superintendent, J. W. God- 
 dard. Their present house of worship was built in 1869, at a cost of $4,300. 
 
 The Free Methodist Church of Winnebago was organized, with ten 
 members. May 29, 1865. The following year a church costing $3,500 was 
 erected. Pastor, C. P. Miller. Number of members, 88 ; average of 
 Sunday-school membership, 60. 
 
 The last church organized was by the Adventists, in 1872, with forty- 
 three members. The first officers were: C. C. Marston, pastor; — Butman, 
 elder; Robt. Spotswood, deacon; J. M. HofiTman and Frank Scott, trustees. 
 Present membership, 25. They have no permanent Sunday-school organ- 
 ization. 
 
 Thus there are seven distinct church organizations, with a total mem- 
 bership of 578, and a Sunday-school membership of 438. Cost of the six 
 church edifices, $19,000. Pastors per year, about $5,500. Since the village 
 was commenced, in 1853, nearly seventy difiTerent preachers have officiated 
 for a longer or shorter period of time. 
 
 LODGES, ETC. 
 
 Winnebago Lodge No. 745, A. F. and A. M. — Organized Oct. 3d, 
 1876, with sixteen charter members, as follows: Lyman J. Corbin, John R. 
 Wells, Wesley R. Gearhart, Stephen I. Searls, John Tanner, Ambrose K. 
 Searls, Robt. Prescott, Daniel M, Sargent, Wm. H. Patton, Jeremiali Jor- 
 don, Peter H. Seal, Hezekiah H. Felch, Hiram T. Thorne, Porter J. Law- 
 rence, Oliver T. Holcomb, Wm. H. Keith. Present officers: John Tanner, 
 W. M.; John R. Wells, S. W.; Ambrose K. Searls, J. W.; Wm. H. Patton, 
 Treasurer; Wesley R. Gearhart, Secretary. Number of members, 22. 
 Meets the first and third Thursday evenings of each month. 
 
 Winnebago Lodge No. 11, I. O. G. T. — Organized April, 1877, with 
 fifteen charter members. Officers: C. H. Jacobs, W. C. T.; Mrs. H. W. 
 
PEICATONICA 
 
I 
 
HISTOKT OF WINNEBAGO COtlNTT. 43^ 
 
 evening. mem Deis, 45. Meets every Thursday 
 
 Gorham, Steward; Geo. Levin^s, Se^rZll w'^'l % ' "• ^■ 
 
 M. A Miller, Ceres; Mrs. T. cl'w „t "poif ' cwJr""?' ' ^j:?' 
 members now, 60. to-?-L<Jmona. Oiiarter members, 27; 
 
 tirous»dofi,fsf;ed^pX rty'°Tb\Ter^- .^'"^?.'"=^ ''^^ «-00 - t"e 
 retary; G. H. Mariner, Treasurer ' ""'' ^™'"'" ^l^orth, Seo- 
 
 PECATONICA. 
 
 Su.„™VoTof]?o:S>rf'^^,LVIt„eI1f'="'n1,"'^^^r 
 
 the Sumners), Eliiah Guilford he?, o„^ ^ P' ^^°'b; Guilford (sister to 
 
 called H„,Jon iCetm A^r Z'n. . ^^""""^ ^'"""' ('^"oneously 
 the county machin^y nut'in mot on .» '^ T ?'-g'"'i^«d in ls36, and 
 lished, to-'wit: ySS Siy» Ck rVZ p-'T'l'f P'T"<"^ ^""'o ^^'''b- 
 ford, Bock paver, and Sderept^L^f^f''^''?'''^'''',^'^'^™"!^'*'^. Kock- 
 kuown as Peeatonica, Srrand Wt T^e w '^ '''^^"^''iP^ »»w 
 
 This was one o trpreZcL tt^ Hance were chosen as constables, 
 
 holding elections oil tKaf Led ^T i '^'' Commissioners' order by 
 anothe? day was'fixed for the e^'if,,f '^-'^^^"^^ «^" ^^e Board, 
 
 failed to elect in August the JLp ^^'TI '^ '^' Precincts that had 
 following. A^.^^^st-the time so hxed being the 14th of October 
 
 m Jap qnit^rapidh?' A^'l'rulfthf ^/r^""'''" ''' ^"' '^^ Peeketolika 
 
 1836?' "'^ ^'"""^^ ^"'=<'' «''« ™^ born d„rin| the earfypaftof 
 
 Knap^' **'''' '"''''''' '" '^' '"'^"^"P ™^ '™glit in 1849, by Emmeline 
 
 /^;emton{ca Tilluge was built upon lands first purchased and occupied 
 
 Patrick taaloi.""'" "''" '" ""= ^"'»«» of Peeatonica wa, .Jolm Seanlon, deceased, son of 
 
440 HISTOKY OF WINNEBAGO COITNTY. 
 
 bj Daniel Reed, Sr., in 1846. Soon after purchase, Mr. Reed settled upon 
 it and commenced reducing its wild sward to farm tillage. In 1852, after 
 the line of the Galena and Chicago Union, now the Chicago and North- 
 western railroad, had been established, and the grading, etc., well under 
 way, T. D. Robertson and John A. Holland, of Rockford, appreciating the 
 advantages it offered for a i-ailwaj station, being in the heart of a rich and 
 rapidly developing agricultural district, bought from Mr. Reed an interest 
 in the land, and "laid off" the town, the plot of which was filed and 
 entered of record in December of that year. Before this, however, while 
 the railroad was building, 'N. F. Maynard built a small house on the west 
 side of Main street, a little north of the railroad track, in which he opened 
 a small stock of groceries, provisions, etc. That building — the first busi- 
 ness house in Pecatonica — is still standing, and is now occupied as a tene- 
 ment house. Some time about December, of the same year, Messrs. Reed 
 & Smith opened a dry goods store on the opposite side of the street from 
 Maynard's grocery. Those two business houses were the only trading 
 places known in Pecatonica until after, or at least until about the time the 
 railroad was completed, in August, 1853. In the late part of the summer, 
 or early fall of 1852, Mr. Reed commenced the erection of the Pecatonica 
 Hotel, now kept by James O'Brien, at the corner of Main and Third streets. 
 Until after the completion of the railroad, it was occupied as a residence — 
 notably so during the winter of 1852-3, when the three Eastman families. 
 Dr. B. D.,Samuel C. and Stephen S. Eastman lived there; the latter died in 
 March, 1853, his funeral obsequies being the occasion of the first sermon 
 preached in the embryo village, hi the summer of 1853, Dr. Eastman 
 opened a drug store on the east side of Main street, in the building 
 now occupied by R. B. Coleman as a grocery and provision house. 
 
 A short time after the opening of the railroad to public traffic, Sulli- 
 van Daniels, Reed's son-in-law, took possession of the hotel building, chris- 
 tened it the " Pecatonica House," and opened its doors to the entertainment 
 of the traveling public. The first shipment of freight from the Pecatonica 
 station, Josiah Stephens, agent, was made September 1, 1853. From that 
 time forward, during the period of the Crimean War, and until the finan- 
 cial panic of 1857, the growth and prosperity of Pecatonica was wonderful. 
 At one time there were twelve to fifteen large dry goods stores in success- 
 ful operation. Crops were good. Wheat at that time was the staple pro- 
 duction, and commanded two dollars per bushel. Money was plenty, and 
 everybody was liapp3\ But the panic came, and failure followed failure, 
 and, for the time, Pecatonica's glory departed. Notwithstanding it has 
 always been a place of considerable local trade importance, those were its 
 palmiest and best days. To enumerate, there are now three large dry 
 goods stores; one clothing (exclusively) store; twelve grocery and provis- 
 ion stores; three millinery estabhshments; three hardware stores; one boot 
 and shoe store; three harness shops; six blacksmith shops; five carriage 
 and wagon making shops; two meat markets; two butter houses; one large 
 grist mill; one eg^ house; one brewery; one book store; one hotel; five 
 carpenter shops; two tailor shops; two drug stores: three dressmaking es- 
 tablishments; one steam machine shop; one saw mill; one grain elevator; 
 one livery stable; two large turniture establishments; two agricultural im- 
 plement warehouses; two jewelry stores; one bank; one lumber yard; one 
 tine, large art gallery; two barber shops; three restaurants; one bakery; 
 and one good local newspaper, established in December, 1872, by the Colby 
 
 n 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COITNTT, 441 
 
 Brothers, publishers and proprietors: making a total of sev^entj-eight well 
 established business houses. Besides these there are a dozen or fifteen 
 other shops, such as shoe shops, paint shops, etc., etc., that are well sus- 
 tained. 
 
 The Post-Office was established in the fall of 1853, and Tracj Smith 
 .'ippointed Post-Master. 
 
 A graded school house of six departments was built in 1862. 
 
 A lumber yard was started in 1854, by Messrs. H. Woodruffs Co. 
 
 The iirst resident carpenter was Abel Walker, who was followed by 
 John Morrow, Allen Cross and Stephen Ryan, in 1854. 
 
 In May, 1863, James French succeeded Pierce & Loomis in the lum- 
 ber business. 
 
 The village was incorporated, by an act of the Legislature, in 1868-9. 
 The Iirst village election was held April 9, 1869. Ojfficers elected: Presi- 
 dent, Frank Saulsbury; Trustees, S. Hyan, J. M. Leland, Putnam Perley, 
 and J. French: Police Magistrate, Peter Shaffer; Police Constable, Kuel 
 "Wells. Present (1877) officers: President, J. L. Hastings; Trustees, Jno. 
 Wolven, David Mitchell, J. W. Fisk, J. P, O'Laughlin; Police Magistrate, 
 Alexander Campbell; Police Constable, Charles Rogers. 
 
 In 1874, Messrs. E. Sumner and James Holmes constructed a dam 
 across the Pecatonica River, a short distance above the village, which is of 
 great importance, in a manufacturing point of view, to the country. While 
 the dam was being constructed, Messrs. Sumner and Campbell were also 
 engaged in the erection of a large four story grist and flouring mill, the 
 undertaking costing them about $20,000. If this water power was im- 
 proved as it might be improved, Pecatonica would soon gain a hundredfold 
 more than was lost by the panic of 1857. The water is lasting, and its 
 present capacity could be more than doubled, and a power derived that 
 would drive any number of wheels and manufactories. 
 
 While the people of Pecatonica, from 1836 to 1877, were busy in ma- 
 turing plans that would insure full coffers and comfortable livings, they 
 were not neglectful in proN'iding for the spiritual welfare of an increasing 
 population. 
 
 Five church edifices grace the village, to wit: The Methodist, Con- 
 g-reo-ational. Universal ist, (jrerman Evano^pljcal, and Swedish Lutheran. 
 
 IT 
 
 The three first named are handsome and commodious structures, and a 
 credit not only to the societies that worship in thein, but to the people in 
 whose midst they are built. 
 
 The M. E Church was organized in 1853, Revs. Cortright, Barton and 
 H. N. Irish taking an active part in the work. The names of only eight 
 persons appear as members of the class or society at the date of its or- 
 ganization. It now numbers one hundred and twenty. 
 
 The first meetings were held in a small warehouse. Rev. Mr. Irish 
 was a resident of Pecatonica, and his house was a regular Methodist hotel 
 — a home for every Methodist that came along and claimed his brotherly 
 hospitality. The good old man long since was called to join the innumera- 
 ble throng around the great white throne. 
 
 The society now worships in an $8,500 church, and is in good condi- 
 tion for usefulness. The Sabbath-school numbers about seventy scholars, 
 of which Rev. W. H. Haight, the pastor, (second year) is superintendent. 
 
 The Congregational society was organized by Rev. Mr. J ohnson, with 
 six members, on the 15th day of February, 1854. The following year 
 
442 HISTORY .OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 they built a house of worship, at a cost of $3,000. In 1876 this building 
 was reconstructed and remodeled, at a cost of $2,700. Up to 1857-8, the 
 society had increased to a membership of seventy, but at the present time 
 (Oct., 1877,) only numbers about twenty-seven. The Sunday-school is in 
 prosperous condition, Putnam Perley, superintendent. Rev. Mr. McCardle 
 is tlio present pastor, his pastorate commencing October 1st. 
 
 The Swedish Lutheran Church was organized in 1857, and a church 
 edifice built soon after. Their church property is estimated to be worth 
 about $1,000. It has 129 communicants, and fifty members of its 
 Sunday-school. Rev. J. M. Nelson, pastor; A. Kellner, superintendent of 
 Sunday-school. 
 
 The Universalist society was organized in 1859, with seven members, 
 by Rev. Dr. R. G. Hamilton, who was for a long time its pastor. The 
 church was built in 1862, when there were eighty persons enrolled as mem- 
 bers, at a cost of $2,500. It was refitted in 1875, at a cost of $800. At 
 present there are forty members. Rev. S. F. Gibbs, pastor. Sunday-school 
 membership, titty. John D. Jackson, superintendent. 
 
 The German Evangelical Lutheran Church was organized some two or 
 three years since, with a small membership, mostly (we might say wholly) 
 non-residents of the place. The pastor. Rev. C. F. Th. Eisseldt, resides at 
 Belvidere, 111., and comes to this place every two weeks, to hold services, 
 A peculiarity of the Sunday-school held in connection with this church is 
 the fact that it is held on Saturday, every other week. 
 
 The Catholic society was organized in 1871-2, with fifty members. 
 The number has since increased to about 100. Rev. Dr. O'Callaghan is in 
 charge of the work, and although the society has no church building, ser- 
 vices are held regularly at the residence of the Priest, at the corner of Reed 
 and Fifth streets. Arrangements are now being perfected for the erection 
 of a church building. 
 
 LODGES, ETC. 
 
 A. W. Rawson Lodge, No. 145, A. F. and A. M. — Held first meeting 
 under dispensation in July, 1854. A charter, ^however, was not granted 
 until 1856. The following were the charter members: J. M. Plum, A. S. 
 Yan Dyke, J. H. Reed, Hez. Brown, John Morrow, J. E. Cole and S. C. 
 Eastman; J. H. Hubbai-d, Grand Master. The present ofiicersof the Lodge 
 are H. B. Farwell, G. M.; C. C. Stevens, S. VV^.; E. D. Pettibone, J. W.; 
 D. A. Stitseil, Treas.; Benj. D. Perley, Sec. Membership, 43. Meets second 
 and fourth Mondays of each month. 
 
 Pecatonica Lodge, JSTo. 173,1. O. O. F. — Organized March 22, 1855, 
 and was instituted by Grand Master William Rounsville, in person. The 
 charter members, six in number, were as follows: A. L. Gritiin, Charles D. 
 Wilcox, William Courtwright, A. W. Butler, A. W. Griflin, W. B. Wilcox 
 andG. H. Bush. The Lodge has been, and is now, in a very flourishing 
 condition, with upwards of 60 members. Regular weekly meetings every 
 Saturdav evening. The present ofiicers of this Lodge are, J. W. Fisk. N. G; 
 Wm. a: Colby, V. G.; G. D. Rogers, R. S.; Alex. Campbell, P. S.; C. A. 
 Simmons, Treas. 
 
 Eagle Lodge, l^o. 83, A. O. U. W. — Organized June 8, 1877, wud- 
 twenty charter members, as follows: S. S. Emery, Z. A. Trull, L. L. Kith 
 der, C. N. Marston, L. Goodrich, Wm. Eggleston, M. W. Welles, A. M. 
 Felts, Dr. F. A. Jordon, Dr. R. G. Hamilton, Rev. S. F. Gibbs, Jas. Chal- 
 mers, Yan. D. Mock, F. M. Graves, C. L. Paynter, J. S. Hulse, Wm. A. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 443 
 
 Colby, H. R. Smith, Dan'l Stockbur^er, and N. F. Cooledge. The Lodge 
 meets every Wednesday evening, in their fine new hall in Dixon's Block. 
 The present officers are, Z. A. Trull, M. W.; S. F. Gibb, P. M.; Wm. 
 Eggleston, G. F.; C. L. Paynter, O.; C. N. Marston, R; S. S. Emery, Ee- 
 ceiver; L. L. Kidder, F. The Lodge now has a membeaship of 28, and is 
 rapidly increasing in numbers. 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY. 
 
 The township of Cherry Valley was first known 'on the records of the 
 county as Butler Precinct. The name was changed to Cherry Valley upon 
 the adoption of the township organization law. Its settlement commenced 
 in 1836, Joseph P.|Griggs being the first settler of whom direct trace can be 
 found. Embracing a good deal of timber, it attracted a liberal share of im- 
 migration, as it is a fact that all the pioneers sought the timber districts in 
 which to locate their claims, believing that it would be easier to make farms 
 by grubbing and clearing the lands than it would be to reduce the prairie 
 land to tarm tillage and remunerative returns. But as time advanced, and 
 the later settlers were forced out on to the prairies and began to experiment 
 upon them, the first settlers were made to realize that they had made a 
 somewhat costly mistake by selecting timbered claims. They had been 
 pitching brawn and muscle against nature, for all that the prairies needed 
 was to be tickled with the plow to make them yield living crops the first 
 year, and heavy and remunerative returns the second. 
 
 Where the Chicago & Noi-thwestern Kailway crosses the Kishwaukee 
 river, there is a beautiful little valley — a picturesque and romantic basin of 
 a mile in width, extending up and down the river, that, in its natural con- 
 dition, must have been an attractive resort for the red men whose homes 
 were along the banks of that easy and gracefully-curving stream. Even 
 now, when dotted over with fields and houses and barns and lowing herds, 
 its stillness broken by the hum of mill machinery, and anon by the rumbling 
 of long, heavily-laden trains of steam-drawn cars, one cannot help but 
 admire its rare beauty, and almost sigh that the work of nature's floracul- 
 turalist should have been swept down before the march of the pale faces. In 
 this little basin cosily nestles 
 
 The Village of Cherry Valley, with its eight hundred men, women 
 and children; three church edifices, a graceful and elegant graded school 
 building, about twenty stores and trading places, and numerous shops of 
 industry of local merit. Joseph Griggs,* the father of Calvin, Lendon and 
 Horace" Griggs, settled on the hill overlooking the village in 1835. The 
 site upon which his cabin was erected was not far removed from the ground 
 now occupied by the Universalist Church building. His domicile was built 
 from poles ^nd thatched with straw or prairie grass. A. C. Gleason came 
 soon after Mr. Griggs, and in 1836 Mr. Gleason was joined on the Kish- 
 waukee by his brother, Mr. W. Gleason; aud in 183T, S. W. Gleason, a 
 third brother, and the present Post Master, also put in an appearance and 
 claimed a home '' in this new country." Densley Kiser came in 1836 or 
 1837, making five claimants to homes in this valley at the date of Mr. 
 Kiser's coming, 
 
 Iq page 236 of the geaeral history, owing to erroneous information, this name was 
 written as Joseph P. Briggs. 
 
444 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 The first school houses were built about 1848-9. About this time the 
 building of a railroad from Galena to Chicago began to be agitated and the 
 settlers or citizens were urged to take stock in the contemplated road, either 
 by subscribing individually as they were able, or by voting a tax. In 1851 
 a railroad meeting of the citizens was held in one of these school houses to 
 take counsel together and to hear the conditions upon which the embryo 
 railroad company would make Cherry Yalley a point. This meeting re- 
 solved that no aid would be rendered the undertaking unless upon the ex- 
 press condition that it should cross the Kishwaukee at this point. The con- 
 ditions were not agreed to by the representatives of the company, while the 
 citizens remained equally firm in their conclusions. But the road was built 
 and Cherry Valley made a station "all the same." In August, 1852, the 
 road was completed from Chicago to the east side of Rock river, and on the 
 second day of that month the first passenger train from Chicago to Rock- 
 ford, passed over the road. 
 
 As a local trade centre. Cherry Yalley is an important point, and a 
 station from which a large quantity of grain, etc., is annually shipped to 
 Chicago and other markets. The country around is naturally rich, and 
 under thorough and scientific cultivation, is very productive and largely 
 remunerative. The people, farmers and villagers, are intelligent, refined 
 and eminently social and. hospitable. 
 
 The growing of broom corn is an important industry among the 
 farmers. During the present season of 1877, Messrs. Hugh Mackey and 
 John Brown cultivated about 300 acres each of this important material, in 
 the care and cultivation of which they gave employment to from twenty-five 
 to thirty men each. Two broom manufactories are in successful operation. 
 
 The Cherry Yalley Mills of John Fisher (for which the Kishwau- 
 kee furnishes the power) do a large custom work, besides manufacturing 
 largely for merchant interest. 
 
 Two large elevators, of large capacity and ample facilities, handle and 
 ship large quantities of grain. 
 
 The best index to the character of any people is in the architecture and 
 finish of their church and school buildings. In Cherry Yalley there are 
 three of the former, which are neat and elegant, while their graded school 
 house — presenting more the outside appearance of a college than a people's 
 school house — is one of the best in Northern Illinois outside of the larger 
 towns. It is a brick structure, was built in 1869, at a cost of $18,000. Of 
 this building, not only the people by whom it was built, but the people of 
 the entire country may justly be proud. School is sustained about nine 
 months of the year, and the system of teaching of the most thorough and 
 practical order. 
 
 Present Corps of Teachers. — A. Andrew, principal; Miss Mary A. 
 Earl, first assistant. Grammar Department. Miss Josephine Hale, Inter- 
 mediate. Mrs. Wm. Craig, Primary ^Department. There is an average 
 daily attendance of 220 pupils. 
 
 Churches. — The M. E. Church was organized by Rev. H. L. Martin, in 
 1854. The same season, their church edifice was built, the builder being 
 Mr. — Powell. The society now numbers 108 members. The Sabbath- 
 school is the care and pride of the church. Fifty-two scholars are regular 
 attendants. D. J. Hussey is the superintendent. 
 
 The Universalist Church edifice was bailt in 1854, under the minis- 
 terial supervision of Rev. Simon Park. After a few years of prosperity, by 
 
HISTORY or WIKNEBAGO COUNTY. 445 
 
 reason of removals from time to time, and a combination of other unfavor- 
 able causes, the society became too weak to support a pastor, and as a 
 church organization was finally abandoned. The building is now occupied 
 by a Swedish religious organization, that has preaching at stated intervals. 
 • The Free Will Baptist Church was built in 1874, at a cost of $3,500. 
 It has a membership of sixty to seventy. Rev. H. S. Cross is the pastor. 
 Their Sabbath-school numbers about sixty scholars. David Case is the 
 superintendent. 
 
 Cherry Yalley Lodge, No. 173, A. F. and A. M. — Organized 
 under dispensation, June 16, 1855. Charter members: S. C. Gooding, W. 
 M.; Horace Hobinson, S. W.; S. H. Holden, J. W.- H. P. Mesler, S. D.; 
 C. L. Sabin, J. D.; B. B. Spencer, Secretary; G. S. Barrows, Tyler and 
 Treasurer. Chartered by Grand Lodge, Oct. 3, 1855. Present officers; 
 Dr. L. M. Van Buren, W. M.; Josiah Manning, S. W.; Selden M. Turner, 
 J. W.; Henry Andrus, Treasurer; Jas. H. Potter, Secretary; T. M. Lee, 
 S. D.; Wm. Rourke, J. D.; John Brodt, Tyler. 
 
 ROCKTON. 
 
 Among the earliest settlers of this town were Wm. Talcott and sons, 
 Thomas, Sylvester, Wait and Henry, some ot whom landed here July 4, 
 1835. taking a claim on Section 23. They were attracted by the magnifi- 
 cent water power of the Rock river at this point, the flow of water then 
 being nearly double the present capacity. This water privilege the Talcotts 
 be^n to improve, using it for a saw mill in 1838, and in the following year 
 conpleted a grist mill, probably the pioneer of the county. It was soon 
 bu5y, grists coming to it even from Fort Winnebago, over 100 miles. 
 
 In the year 1832 the Polish exiles were granted by Congress several 
 townships of land for settlement, and Clopeski, one of their number, was 
 sent out to locate them. The act specified that no lands upon which set- 
 tlers had made a beginning could be taken, and, indeed, Clopeski, who came 
 to Rockton, promised the people that he would not select their township. 
 He was not faithful to this agreement, and the township was under the 
 shadow of this claim until 1844, when the matter was adjusted. The town 
 was platted by Talcott and Adams, in 1840, but it was not entered for 
 record until May 30, 1844, because of the above claim. The first paper 
 mill was erected in 1851, by Mr. T. L. Wright and Mr. Merritt. From 
 this beginning, the present manufacturing interests have grown. 
 
 THE WATER POWER 
 
 Is managed much upon the same general plan as the Rockford water power. 
 There are 15,000 inches of water, of an eight-foot head, which are divided 
 into ninety-six shares. 
 
 The Racine & Mississippi R. R. reached this place Oct. 29, 1856. E. 
 L. Stiles was appointed agent, a position he has since maintained. 
 
 In 1836, Sylvester Talcott was appointed Justice of the Peace, and in 
 his official capacity, married, it is said, the first couple in the county— Mr. 
 Jerry Roberts and Miss Langdon, who now reside in Rockford. 
 
 "On the tenth day of Se]»tember, 1872, Rockton became an incorporated 
 town. Town trustees: David Carpenter, president; Aaron Shores, George 
 Ellis, J. W. Cowles, Jas. McDonald. 
 
446 
 
 HISTORY OF WIIO^BAGO COUNTY. 
 
 MECHANICAL INDUSTRIES. 
 
 The jS'orthwestern Paper Mill, originally built b}^ Wright & Merritt, 
 passed into a stock company some little time ago. It makes four or five 
 tons of paper ev^ry twenty-four hours — in about equal proportion, wrap- 
 ping and print. Officers: T. L. Wright, president; W. H. Wells, vice- 
 president; J. C, I^ewcomb, secretary and treasurer. It employs forty men. 
 
 The " Enterprise" Paper Mill was originated by Mr. Keems some years 
 ago. About a year since, Messrs. Booth, Hinmen ifc Co. rented it. They 
 employ ten men, and make wrapping paper, although they will soon run 
 their mill on felting for i-oofs, etc. 
 
 The Winnebago Paper Mill was first built in 1853, by a company 
 known as Merrill, Young & Co., who ran it two years, when it was sold to 
 Bradner, Warren & Co., of Chicago. In 1857 the firm changed to Brad- 
 ner, Smith & Co., and recently became a stock company. On the tenth 
 day of February, 1876, it burned down, but was rebuilt, and running in 
 the November following. The mill averages about three and one-half tons 
 of wrapping paper during every twenty-four hours, and employs twenty- 
 five men. 
 
 The Rockton Iron Works and Machine Shops employ four men, and 
 began here in 1866. They manufacture three sizes of paint mills, and do 
 general repairs in iron. The works are carried on by Wideson & Cox, the 
 foundry and machine shop being owned and operated separately, by ';heir 
 respective owners. 
 
 The mill owned and operated by Messrs. Cowles & Gates was iirst 
 erected for an oil mill. About 1857, it was changed to a flouring and grist 
 mill. At present it averages 130 barrels of rye flour for every twenty-four 
 hours, as well as a large amount of gristing. There is also a cooper shop 
 in connection, which works four hands, while the whole force employed 
 varies from ten to twelve mea. 
 
 The Rockton Mills are owned by Wheeler & Robinson, and grind up 
 a car-load of wheat daily when at work. Just now they have only two men. 
 
 Wm. Webber began to make his patent reaper here in 1866. During 
 his busy season he works about six men. 
 
 There are about 1,500 inhabitants in the village, and twenty to twenty- 
 five stores. 
 
 The Rockton Weekly Herald issued its first number January 1, 1875. 
 E. I, Carr, editor and proprietor, 
 
 SCHOOLS. 
 
 The first school house was erected for the joint uses of worship and 
 education, in 1840. The present graded school house was built in 1851, 
 and cost $2,000. Average daily attendance, 175. Teachers: Charles 
 Kinne, principal; Miss Bell Clement, intermediate; Miss Emma McCon- 
 nell, primary. 
 
 CHURCHES. 
 
 The First Congregational Church was organized March 23, 1838, with 
 fourteen members, among whom were Deacon Wm. Talcott and family, five 
 of whom were constituent members. The first pastor was Rev. Wm. 
 Adams. The " Stone Church" was built in 1849 or 18dO, and cost $5,000. 
 Present number of members, 65. Rev. H. J. McArthur, pastor. Average 
 of Sunday-school attendance, 56; Chauncy Pettibone, Superintendent. 
 
 The Baptist Church was organized in 1852, services being held alter- 
 
HISTORY OF WESTNEBAGO COUNTY. 449 
 
 nately at Roscoe and Rockton, under the ministerial charge of one pastor, 
 Elder James Vaness. Shortly afterward the church was located at Rock- 
 ton, and the present churcli edifice dedicated, January 13, 1858. The 
 structure cost $2,000. Members at the present time, 100. Pastor, Rev. 
 A. Whitman. Average of Sunday-school, 80; E. J. Vaness, Superin- 
 tendent. 
 
 The M. E. Church was organized in 1855, by the Rev. H. W. Richnrd- 
 son. The present house of worship was begun in 1857, and dedicated in 
 1859. It cost $5,000. Present membership, 55. Pastor, Geo. A. Erving. 
 Sunday-school average attendance, 65; J. C. Truman, Superintendent. 
 
 LODGES AND SOCIETIES. 
 
 RocKTON Lodge, No. 74, A. F. and A. M. — Organized Jan. 5, 1849, 
 with twenty charter members. Officers: John B. Rockwood, W. M.; E. 
 L. Styles, S. W. ; Seth Jenkins, J. W. ; Edwin Kingsley, Treas. ; S. S. 
 Snider, Secy. Number of members, 47. Meets Friday evening on or be- 
 fore the full moon. 
 
 Rock River Lodge, ISTo. 59, I. O. O. F. — Organized 
 
 Officers: E. L. Styles, N. G.; Alex. Marcel, V. G.; C. D. Manning, Secy; 
 Byron Freed, Treas. Number of members, 37. Meets every Saturday 
 evening. 
 
 Sunbeam Lodge, No. 78, I. O. G. T. — Organized 
 
 Officers: E. L. Styles, W. C. T.; Miss Minnie Comstock, "W. Y. T.; E. 
 O. Darling, R. S.;'j. A. Merrill, F. S.; Joseph Forward, Treas. Number 
 of members, 34. Meets Tuesday evening. 
 
 RocKTON Temperance Alliance. — Organized in 1874. Officers: 
 Chauncy Pettibone, Acting President; Miss Hattie Men ill. Secy. About 
 200 members. Meets the third Monday evening of each month. 
 
 Public Library Association. — Organized July 17, 1875. The library 
 numbers sixty volumes. J. D. Yaness, President; T. D. Talcott, Yice 
 President; S. L. Styles, Secy. 
 
 RocKTON Grange, No. 1012. — Organized in 1874. Rock River Grano-e 
 was consolidated with it January 1, 1877. Officers: J. 0. Truman, M.; 
 Win. Farmer, O.; Edward Collier, Secy; John Morse, Treas. Number of 
 members, 30. Meets Thursday evening before full moon. 
 
 ROSCOE. 
 
 Roscoe is the northeast township of the county, bounded on the north 
 by the Wisconsin State line. The first permanent settlement was made in 
 the fall of 1835, but some Indian traders had previously erected and occu- 
 pied cabins in the grove on Section 32. The remains of the cabins and the 
 track made by the wagon train that accompanied General Atkins in his 
 campaign against the Black Hawk Indians in June, 1832, were still clearly 
 defined when the first settlers came. The maple trees also showed that the 
 Indians had tapped them for sugar- tnakiiig purposes. August 3, 1835, R. 
 J. Cross, of Coldwater, Mich., and Colonel Yon Hovenburg, with a Potta- 
 watomie Indian for a guide, came into the township from Milwaukee. _ Col. 
 Yon Hovenburg returned to Michigan; Mr. Cross bought a claim of 
 Lavec, an employee of Stephen Mack, upon which he subsequently settled. 
 This claim was covered by the grove in the southwest quarter of Section 32. 
 
450 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 In September of the same year, Elijah H. Brown, James B. Lee and WilHam 
 Mead came in from La Porte County, Indiana, and selected claims. Brown 
 built a house on the left bank of Rock river, a little above the mouth of the 
 north branch of the Kinikiuick, on the northeast quarter of Section 32, 
 which, was the first house built in what subsequently became Roscoe town- 
 ship. In the winter of 1835-6, Messrs. Brown, Lee, Cross and Logan were 
 the only settlers in that part of the county. Mr. Cross had the only horse 
 team in the settlement, and it was kept on the road nearly all the time 
 when the roads were passable, hauling Hour and groceries from Chicago. 
 Mr. Reynolds, of Rolling Prairie, La Porte Count}^, Indiana, bought Lee's 
 claim, and was the lirst blacksmith to forge and hammer in that precinct, 
 and in the winter of 1836-7 there were only eight families. Until a post- 
 office was established at Beloit, the settlers got their mail matter at Chicago; 
 but in the spring of 1837, a post-office was established at Roscoe, and R. M. 
 P. Abell was appointed post-master. In 1837, Henry Abell and his son, 
 Franklin, built a saw-mill, the first in the neighborhood. This mill was 
 built at the mouth of the north branch of the Kinikinick, where they pro- 
 posed to build a village, which they named Roscoe, in honor of Roscoe, an 
 eminent English historian, and when the names of townships were estab- 
 lished in 1850, the name was given to the municipality. Under the new 
 order, the first town meeting was held at the house of James K. Knowland, 
 April 1, 1850. J. G. Prentiss was chosen Moderator; John J. Rhodes was 
 elected Supervisor, and Nathaniel Howland, Town Clerk. Mr. Rhodes was 
 continued in office for sev^en years, and until his death. At the first town 
 meeting or election, 180 votes were polled. 
 
 Church Notes.— September, 1836, at a meeting at the house of Smith 
 Jenks, Rev. Mr. Pillsbury, a traveling missionary, of the M. E. Church, 
 took the names of those who wished to unite as a church society. They 
 were: Henry Abell, Smith Jenks, Clarissa Jenks, B. Richardson, Mary Ann 
 Richardson, Albert Tuttle and Simeon Pettibone and wife. These were 
 organized into a class, and for many years it was the only church society 
 known to the settlers. It subsequently grew into prominence and wealth, as 
 it had always been influential for good. 
 
 November 7, 1843, a preliminary meeting in the interest of the Con- 
 gregational Church was held at the house of Alvan Leland. At that meet- 
 ing the following named representative ministers were present: Revs. 
 Wright, Belvidere; Ebenezer Brown, Byron; M. Benedict, Rockton; M. 
 Hicks, agent of the American Home Missimary Society, and M. Pierson, 
 of the New Haven Theological Seminary. November 28th, the organiza- 
 tion was perfected and a society formed composed of the lollowing named 
 members: Alvan Leland, John Bradley, Horace K. Leonard, Thomas R. 
 Whipple, Eunice Bradley, Minerva J. Leonard, Delia Whipple, Edmund 
 Bradley, Charles Kerr, John Moir, Hannah Cross, Ann Frances Kerr, E. 
 Moir, Cora Briggs, George Kerr, Sol. W. Leland, Thankful Briggs, and 
 Lydia Meirs — 18. Alvin Leland was chosen Deacon; Sol. W. Leland, Clerk. 
 January 3, 1844, Rev. Ebenezer Brown was employed as minister. Of these 
 members. Deacon Leland died February 8, 1845; Deacon John Bradley, 
 Roscoe, August 14, 1854; his wife Eunice Bradley, Roscoe, February 14, 
 1852; S. W. Leland, in Massachusetts, and Delia Whipple in Roscoe. 
 
 The first school was taught in Reynolds' old blacksmith shop. The 
 Widow Warner was teacher. May 14, 1840, the township was divided into 
 six school districts. The school section was mostly sold in 1847. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO OOUNTT. 451 
 
 June 3, 1858, the wife and seven children of Kev. Mr. lllsley, pastor 
 of the Congregational Church, were killed or drowned. In building the 
 Madison branch of the Chicago and Galena railroad, a high embankment 
 had been thrown up at the crossing of the creek about half a mile above 
 the village. The culvert was too small for the volume of water, and up to 
 the afternoon of the day of the sad and awful death catastrophe, a pond 
 two miles long, a half a mile in width, and from 25 to 30 feet in depth, 
 had formed above the embankment. About midnight the culvert caved in, 
 the embankment gave way and the water rushed down in one mighty tor- 
 rent, carrying away several houses in its maddened rush, among which was 
 the brick house occupied by Mi-. lllsley and family, which toppled over and 
 buried beneath its ruins the mother and seven children. Mr. lllsley, who 
 had lost a leg and was comparatively helpless, was carried by the flood 
 nearly down to Rock river, where he caught in a tree and held on until he 
 was found by L. W. Richardson, who M^aded in and carried him out. In 
 the Roscoe Cemetery, near the northeast corner, the eight bodies of one 
 family, who had not all been united for some time till the day on which 
 their death came, were buried in one day. 
 
 The first birth in the town was B. F. Richardson, son of Benjamin and 
 Mary Ann Richardson, May 8, 1837. The first marriage, William H. Riley 
 and Ruth Brown. The first death, William Hale, who was drowned in 
 Rock river, at the mouth of ISTorth creek, June 27, 1837. The first store 
 was opened by Alvan Leland in the house of Albert Tuttle, 1838. 
 
 Village of Roscoe. — The history of the village of Roscoe is so closely 
 interwoven that an attempted separate history would be a work of superero- 
 gation, all the pertinent and important events being recited above. 
 
 The town has about ten shops and stores, which supply the necessities 
 of its 600 inhabitants. Mr. Wm. M. Richardson began manufacturing 
 plows here in 1 854. He is now making a sulky plow that is well thought 
 of. The Roscoe Mills began work here in 1847; James Thompson, propri- 
 etor. In 1867 he sold out t(> Roberts & Stoner. Gristing is the principal 
 work, in which rye bears no unimportant position. 
 
 RoscoB Lodge, No. 75, A. F. and A. M. — Organized in the fall of 1849. 
 Ofiicers: Geo. W. Smith, W. M.; A. Collier, S. W.; J. M. Rhodes, J. W.; 
 E. H. Crandall. Treas.; A. T. Clark, Secy. Number of members, 65. Meets 
 Tuesday evening, on or before the full moon. 
 
 Band of Hope Lodge, No. 85, I. O. G. T. — Organized February, 1871. 
 Officers: Frank Sturtevant, W. C. T.; Miss Hattie Hobart, W. V. T.; 
 Josiah Mabie, R. S.; Miss Alice Curtis, F. S.; Miss L. E. Ransom, Treas. 
 Number of members, 70. Meets Saturday evenings. 
 
 DURAND. 
 
 This little village, with its pleasant streets, was named for H. S. Durand, 
 the first president of the Western Union R. R. Among the pioneers may 
 be mentioned the names of L. Y. Cleveland, John A. Johnson, Fredric 
 Sidorus, and J. R. Herring, who came about 1837. Their early religious 
 exercises were supplied by the Methodists, a class of whom had been 
 established as early as 1840, by the Rev. Samuel Pillsbury, and whose 
 meetings weie held at the houses of the settlers. In the fall of 1855, John 
 B. Herring, Price B. Webster, and John F. Pettingill laid out the town. 
 
452 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 The Winnebago Chief was the first paper published here. It, how- 
 ever, was discontinued, and the Enterprise took its place. In October, 
 1875, Mr. C. E. Griswold purchased the paper, changing the name to the 
 Patriot. It is purely a local paper. 
 
 The M. E. Church was organized in 1840, and erected its present house 
 of worship in 1859. Its membership is 125. Pastor, Rev. T. H. Haseltine. 
 Average attendance of Sunday-school, 100. Superintendent S. A. Blake. 
 
 The Church of the Immaculate Conception (Roman Catholic) of 
 Durand, was one of the missions established by Bishop Quarter, who was 
 the first bishop of the diocese. The church was organized in 1866, and a 
 building erected that cost $3,500. There are now about thirty families in 
 communion, whose pastor is Dr. J. O'Callighan, of Pecatonica. The 
 Sabbath-school averages about thirty-five. 
 
 SCHOOLS. 
 
 The first schools were subscription schools, and taught in cabins, as the 
 settlers could spare the room. 
 
 The present graded school was built in October, 1869, at a cost of 
 $7,000. The present average daily attendance is 190. Teachers: C. D. 
 Mariner, Principal; Mrs. C. F. Russell, Grammar Dep't; Miss Lettie J. 
 Adams, Intermediate; Mrs. Julia A. Staples, Primary. Directors: Price 
 B. Webster, President; E. H. Brooks and E. C. Stephens, Clerk. 
 
 LODGES, ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. 
 
 Durand Lodge. No. 302. A. F. and A. M.— Chartered Oct. 20, 1859, 
 with the following officers: W. T. Crouch, W. M; W. B. Cook, S. W.; H. 
 Moore, J. W.;*D. Porter, Treas. ; M. B. Clough, Sec; E. J. Williams, S. 
 D.; D. H. Smith, J. D.; D. Bollman, J. F. Woodring, Stewards; S. Whit- 
 meyer, Tyler. Present officers: E. C. Stephens, W. M.; Ross E.Adams, 
 S. W.i Peter Patterson, J. W.; Geo. H. Joslin, Treas.; C. D. Marmer, 
 Sec. Number of members, 54. Meets first and third Thursday evenings 
 of each month. 
 
 Shaubena Lodge, No. 146, I. O. O. F. — Instituted at Elton, October 
 23, 1854. Officers: R. Breed, N. G.; C. D. Mariner, Y. G. ; E.H.Brooks, 
 Secy.; T. B. Cram, Treas. Number of members, 45. Meets Saturday 
 evening. 
 
 Reform Lodge, No. 116, I. O. G. T.— Organized July, 1877. Officers: 
 T. E. Vincent, W. C. T.; Mrs. P. C. Stire, W. Y. T.; C. JE. Griswold, R. S. 
 and L. D.; C. A. Norton, F. S.; Miss Frank Hurlbut, Treas. Number of 
 members, 20. Meets Thursday evenings. 
 
 Reform Club.— Organized March, 1876, with 250 members. Officers: 
 Miss M. J. Randall, President; several Yice Presidents; C. E. Griswold, 
 Secy.; Miss L. J. Adams, Treas. Number of members, 325. Meets every 
 other Tuesday evening. 
 
 DtiRAND Grange, No. 763. — Organized November 15, 1873. Officers: 
 John YanSickle, M.; Mrs. Annie M. Herring, Secy.; Miss Nancy J. Her- 
 ring, Secy.; David Place, Treas. Number of members, 55. Meets the 
 second and fourth Saturday afternoons of each month. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COITNTT. 453 
 
 GUILFORD. 
 
 In August, 1835, "William H. Enoch, the eldest son of Henry Enoch, 
 accompanied by some two or three other men from Will county, came to 
 what is now Guilford township on a land prospecting tour. While out on 
 this trip, young Enoch was taken sick and returned home. In September 
 following, his father, Henry Enoch, and brothers Richard H. and A. I. 
 Enoch, started out, and, following the directions of William, struck Rock 
 river at Rockford. Leaving his sons in camp, he started out, and, going 
 northeast from there some two or three miles, he struck tlje spring brook 
 known as Bucklen creek, which empties into Rock river just below the 
 seminary. Believing this stream came from springs, he followed it to its 
 source, which he found in the northeast corner of Section 11, Town 44, 
 Range 2, now in the town of Guilford. Here in the centre of a great 
 prairie he found a great spring* of water some 25 feet in diameter, the water 
 about 24 inches deep and boiling up from numerous places in the bottom 
 through snow-white sand. The water was cold, and clear as crystal; the 
 bank of the spring fringed with tall grass and bright prairie flowers. He 
 was so charmed with the location, the great spring, the apparent fertility of 
 the soil, and the general beauty of the surroundings, that he at once made 
 up his mind to make it the future home of himself and family. He had 
 neither stick nor cane with which to mark his "claim." Going to a thicket 
 of hazel and young poplar trees a few rods distant, he cut a small stake, and 
 planting it on the bank of the spring, declared it his "claim," the only list- 
 eners being the horse he rode and the prairie birds. This location was 
 known for many years as the big spring of " Uncle Enoch " in the prairie. 
 Mr. Enoch made this claim his permanent home until the autumn of 1856, 
 when he removed to Rockford, where he resided at the time ot his death in 
 September, 1858. After making this claim, he returned to camp, informed 
 his sons of the discovery when all repaired to it to set about building a 
 cabin for the family, which was to be brought on the following spring. 
 The first tree for this cabin was felled by A. I. Enoch, now of Rockford. 
 The cabin, a small affair, was erected, when the three returned to Will 
 county to spend the winter and return to the new home with the first 
 approach of spring. This was the first tree felled and the first house built 
 in the town of Guilford. 
 
 HARRISON. 
 
 The first settlement in this township, says Mr. J. R. Jewett, was made 
 in the fall of 1835, by a Mr. Brayton, who made a claim in Section 35, the 
 land now being owned by Andrew Wishop. In the spring of 1836, Mr. 
 Brayton moved on to his claim, and commenced making a farm. 
 
 ' Origin of the Name.— In 1840, the settlers desired to form a new 
 precinct, and it was necessary to present a petition to the county commis- 
 sioners to have a new precinct formed. At that time a majority of the 
 settlers were Democrats, and several of the citizens being together one day 
 they pitched upon Isaac Parker to circulate a petition, who consented to do 
 so on condition that some of his neighbors (who were Democrats) would 
 
 *Through some strange freak of nature, some five years ago, this spring entirely dried 
 up, and has not since discharged even so much as a drop of water. 
 
454 HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 
 
 work for him hoeing corn while he was absent, to which they readily agreed. 
 Parker then drew up his petition, went to Rockford when the county com- 
 missioners were in session, and had uo difficulty in getting a new precinct 
 formed, but was asked what name they should give it. Parker, being a 
 whig, immediately answered, Harrison, which name was adopted. When 
 Parker returned and told how well he succeeded, his Democratic friends 
 were greatly disgusted with the name. When the county was organized 
 under township organization the name was continued. 
 
 War Record. — Whole number of enlistments, 122; whole number 
 killed or died in the service, 24. It is believed that this town furnished a 
 larger number of enlistments in proportion to the population to the imm- 
 ber of voters than any other town in the county, the highest number of 
 votes ever polled being 153. Of the foregoing enlistments, 12 were in 
 Wisconsin regiments, and a number are credited to other townships. 
 
 The village of Harrison, situated on the banks of the Pecatonica, con- 
 tains a number of shops, and two or three groceries, and small stores, hotel, 
 church, etc. The Western Union Railroad missed the village by about 
 one mile. 
 
 Harrison Grange No. 1146 was organized February 3d, 1873. Offir 
 cers: J. M. Williams, M.; Samuel Crook, O.; J. Regulas Jewitt, Sec; J. 
 R. Jewitt, Treas. Number of members, 30. Meets the first and third 
 Thursday evenings of each month. 
 
 ARGYLE. 
 
 This village is in the center of a Scotch immigration to the lands of 
 Geo. Armour, upon which John Greely was the first settler, in 1834. It has 
 a store, post-office, warehouse, and blacksmith shop. About a half mile 
 north of the N. W. R. R, at this place is the 
 
 First Scotch Presbyterian Church of Willow Creek. It was organ- 
 ized in 1844, with about 40 members, and erected its first church edifice in 
 1847. Nearly all of its present 400 communicants came originally from 
 the Mull of Kintire, Argyleshire, Scotland. The pastorate is from four to 
 six miles broad and about nineteen long. In July of this year the present 
 church edifice was begun. It is a brick structure sufficiently spacious to 
 accommodate the large congregation in attendance. It is expected to dedi- 
 cate this new structure about the first of December. It will cost $13,000 
 Sunday-school, average attendance, 200; Rev. Benj. S. C. Ely, Pastor' 
 and Superintendent. 
 
 SHIRLAND. 
 
 Among the early settlers of Shirland may be mentioned Geo. Seaton 
 and Lemuel Fisk, Avho came in 1837. When the Western Union railroad 
 came through, a little town sprang up about the station, which now has a 
 few houses, and three or four stores, and shops. 
 
 The M. E. Church society was organized in 1847, but their house of 
 worship was not erected untiri869. It cost $2,200. The present member- 
 ship is about 150. Pastor, Rev, J. M. Conley. Sunday-school attendance, 
 105 ; Superintendent, W. A. Phelps. 
 
HISTORY OF WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 455 
 
 A cheese factory was established here in 1869, by Messrs. Winslow & 
 McNabb. They make about 500 pounds per day, during their season, from 
 February to December. 
 
 HARLEM. 
 
 This httle settlement became a stopping place on the Kenosha Division 
 of the N. W. R. R. some seventeen years ago, when the road iirst went 
 through. 
 
 The first settler of the township was Hiram (?) Wattles, who settled 
 here in 1835, on Section 31, where he laid out a town, calling it Scipio, but 
 it never was occupied. 
 
 The first religious exercises were held by the Baptists, among whom 
 may be mentioned Elder Picket. In 1847, however, a M. E. class was 
 organized, and maintained until 1870, when the present church edifice was 
 erected. Its membership is about 50, and an average attendance at Sunday- 
 school of 46; Superintendent, C. Douglass, 
 
 NEW^ MILFORD. 
 
 Prominent among the pioneers of this township were, D. S. Shumway, 
 Horace Miller and Samuel Brown. A town was laid out at the confluence 
 of the Kishwaukee with the Rock River, which, it was hoped, at one time, 
 might become the county seat. But other influences prevailed and the 
 town went to decay. Some years ago the present village of New Milford 
 was laid out, the Iowa R. R. came, and a pleasant little village has grown 
 up. A large flouring mill has been in operation some years at this point,, 
 deriving its power from the Kishwaukee River. Mr. J. Fountain, who, it 
 is claimed, invented the sectional knives of the reapers, had a manufactory 
 at this place some years ago, but it has fallen into disuse. 
 
 There is a good school here, taught by Geo. C. Sanborn and wife. A 
 Congregational Church is also building this present fall, a society having 
 been in existence some years. 
 
 The M. E. Church of this place began as a class about 1838 or 1839. 
 They now have a fine church edifice, and a large congregation. Pastor, 
 Rev. O. E. Burch. 
 
 There are two post-offices in the township, one at New Milford and the 
 other at Kishwaukee. The Wesleyan Methodist Church of Kishwaukee was 
 organized May 17th, 1844, with five members, by the Rev. Jeptha Noe. 
 On the 21st day of E"ovember, 1863, the church reorganized, and built 
 their house of worship in 1868, and parsonage in 1870. Number of mem- 
 bers at present, 65; Rev. A. R. Brooks, Pastor; average at Sunday-school, 
 40; Superintendent, Miss Lucy Hart. 
 
456 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIEECTOKT: 
 
 Biographical Directory. 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 av.. avenue 
 
 bet between 
 
 bds boards 
 
 blk block 
 
 cor corner 
 
 elk clerk 
 
 e east 
 
 e 8 (east side) East Rockford 
 
 emp employee 
 
 ins ..insurance 
 
 lab laborer 
 
 mfg manufacturing 
 
 mkr maker 
 
 n north 
 
 n e northeast 
 
 nr near 
 
 opp opposite 
 
 P O post office 
 
 r residence 
 
 st street 
 
 8 south 
 
 8 e southeast 
 
 8 s (south side) South Rockford 
 
 s w southwest 
 
 secy secretary 
 
 supt superintendent 
 
 treas treasurer 
 
 w west 
 
 w 8 (west side) West Rockford 
 
 W A Woodruft's Addiiion 
 
 CITY OF ROCKFORD. 
 
 AAGESEN NICHOLAS, atty at law; 
 over 407 W. State ; r 607 Cherry. 
 Abell E.L. emp reaper fact; r 1011 Mulberry. 
 Abrahamson A. P. r 705 Kishwaukee. 
 Abrahamson Alfred, r 305 S. Seventh. 
 Abraham J. tailor ; r 303 N. Wyman. 
 Adams Geo. tailor ; bds 807 W. State. 
 Adams Rev. Franklin D. pastor Emanuel 
 
 Church ; bds 520 N. Church ; w s. 
 Adams L. W. peddler ; r 1008 N. 2d ; e s. 
 Adams Raymond, carp; r 1101 E. State. 
 Adamy A. W. emp Emerson & Co. ; r 1003 
 
 Ferguson ; s s. 
 Adel Wm. plasterer ; r 1208 Rock ; s s. 
 
 AOARD JAS. B. Residence 512 
 Chestnut st. ; senior member of the firm of 
 Agard & Ross, 616 and 618 Cedar st.; 
 wljolesale dealers in Grass Seed, Salt and 
 Wool ; orders filled at the lowest market 
 price ; Agents for Wisconsin Butter Tubs ; 
 this house was established in 1856; Mr. 
 Agard was born in Deerfiekl, Oneida Co., 
 N. Y., Aug. 25, 1824; came to Rockford in 
 1855; he was Alderman of the Third 
 Ward in 10 — ; he is a Director of the Win- 
 nebago National Banlc ; has been a Direc- 
 tor iu tlie said bank nearly the entire 
 lime since its organization. 
 
 Agard J. F. bkpr; bds 512 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 Ahlgren John, blacksmith ; r 308 S. Fourth. 
 
 Ainsworth J. painter ; r 206 JST. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Albert Geo. bds 610 W. State. 
 
 Albert Jas. carp ; r 202 N. Second. 
 
 Albert J. clothier, 318 E. State; r 408 S. 
 West ; w s. 
 
 Albertson A.R. collector ; r 302 N.Court; ws. 
 
 Alcock J. stone mason ; r 506 S. Second ; e. s. 
 
 AL.COTT JAS. Janitor Rockford Sem- 
 inary; residence, on Seminary grounds; 
 born in Warwicksliire, Eng., Sept. 16, 
 1834; came to Rockford, July 6, 1856; 
 married Julia Darling, Dec. 7, 1860; she 
 was born in Montpelier, Vt., Oct. 26, 1837 ; 
 they have one child living, Anna D., born 
 Nov. 25, 1869; they have lost three chil- 
 dren: Forest Hill, born Dec. 18, 1865, 
 died March 24, 1866 ; Nellie, born April 
 24, 1867, died July 13, 1867 ; and one child 
 which died in infancy; Mr. Alcott has 
 been Janitor of the Seminary 17 years, 
 having fil'st engaged there July 14, 1860. 
 
 Alexander Mat. painter; r 402 S. Winne- 
 bago ; w s. 
 
 Alexander Mat. moulder; r 1003 East. 
 
 Allen A. C. artist; bds 310 S. First; e s. 
 
 Allen A. C. livery stable; r 1216 E. State. 
 
 Allen C. C. livery stable, 516 E. State; r 
 1105 E. State. 
 
 Allen Chas. E. artist; bds 310 S. First; e s. 
 
 Allen Edwin, express, 1110 S. West; s s. 
 
 Allen F. S. tinsmith; bds 606 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Allen F.R.clk,Barbour's; bds White's Hotel. 
 
 Allen Harry, tinsmith; r 406 N.Winnebago. 
 
 Allen H. G. livery stable; r 1006 E. State. 
 
 Allen J. C. r 406 N. Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 Allen J. H. carp; r S. Tenth; W. A. 
 
 Allen Jno.tile sewer mfg, 406 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Allen Jno. mason ; r 406 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Allen L. S. physic'n ; r 432 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Allen R. S. tailor, 203 W. State ; r 606 Kish- 
 waukee. 
 
 Allen Sam'l, saloon ; r 407 N. Third. 
 
KOCKKORD CITY. 
 
 459 
 
 Alien W. H. elk; bds 1110 S. AVost. 
 Allen Wyatt, r S. end Kishwaukee. 
 
 AL-IiEX THOS. W. of the Firm of 
 Allen & Bean, Druggists; 106 IS. Main St., 
 West Side; residence 203 Horsman 
 St.; born in Cornwall, Eng., May 24, 1845; 
 came to Rocktord in 1849; married Emma 
 L. Gregory-, Oct. ol, 1872; she was born in 
 East Corinth, Me., May ai,1847; they have 
 one child, Mabel E., born July 26, 1876; 
 Mr. Allen is a practical pharmaceutist, 
 and has been engaged in the drug busi- 
 ness 12 years. 
 
 Allen Wm. r 805 Rock. 
 
 Allen Wm. E. meclianic; r 902 Horsmau. 
 
 Alley Chas. Q. r 303 S. West ; w s. 
 
 AI.LI]V« DAVID D. Carpenter and 
 Builder; office 223 S. Main St., West Rock- 
 ford; residence 508 N. Main st. ; born in 
 Westtield, Conn., April 27, 1813; com- 
 menced serving apprenticeship as carpen- 
 ter when 17 years of age ; has worked at 
 that trade ever since; married Rebecca 
 Botsford, May 29, 1836; she was born in 
 Derry, New Haven Co., Conn., Dec. 27, 
 1813; six children, four deceased; those 
 living are Frank S., born March 31, 1868; 
 Arabella L., Jan. 6, 1840; those! deceased 
 are: Augustus A., born Nov. 1, 1841, died 
 March 16, 1845 ; Wm. O., April 22, 1845, 
 died March 29, 1845 ; Augustus D., Aug. 
 16, 1848, died Jan. 16, 1859; Chas. W., 
 Aug. 9, 1851, died Aug. 8, 1873; Mr. Al- 
 liug built the tliird house in West Rock- 
 ford and lived in it 32 j^ears. 
 
 Allinson Jno. emp Howes & Elmore; r 507 
 
 S. Fifth; e s. 
 Almond Wm. watchman; r 1003 Morgan. 
 Alvord A. D. salsmn; r 710 E.Seminary ; e s. 
 [ • Alvord M. Ernest, carp; r 121 S. Court. 
 Alvord J. S. r 121 S. Court ; w s. 
 Alvord Geo. S. elk; bds 121 S. Court; w s. 
 Alverson G. B. r 406 S. Second ; e s. 
 Ames E. L. witii J.B. Howell ; r 803 E. State. 
 Ames Henry W. lab; r 606 N. Main; e s. 
 Anderson Abram, r 604 N. Sixth; e s. 
 Anderson Alex, lab; r 714 N. First; e s. 
 Anderson Alex, carp ; r 307 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 Anderson Andrew, r 506 Pope. 
 Anderson A. J. watch mkr ; bds 805 E. State. 
 Anderson Aug. lab ; r 507 Union. 
 Anderson Carl, lab ; r 306 Kishwaukee. 
 Anderson C. G. r 411 E. State. 
 Anderson Chas. blacksmith ; r 1102 4th av. 
 Anderson Chas. F. r 402 S. Third; e s. 
 Anderson Chas. W. lab; r 706 Rural. 
 
 Anderson F. W. wagonmkr; r Seminary, 
 
 cor Bluff. 
 Anderson Fred, emp John Felch. 
 Anderson Gust, lab ; r 124 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Anderson Gust, lab; r 801 Rural; e s. 
 Anderson Hogart, lab; r 909 S. West. 
 Anderson John E. printer, 806 Second ave. 
 Anderson Jno. siioemkr and carpet weaver; 
 
 r 506 Kishwaukee. 
 Anderson J. A. watchmkr; r 905 Third av. 
 Anderson J. C. pressman Bei/iste.r; v out of 
 
 town. 
 
 AlfDERSOX J. P. Manager of the 
 Forest City Furniture Co., Woodrufl:"'s 
 Addition, cor. of Railroad av and Seventh 
 St. ; residence 809 Kishwaukee st. ; born in 
 Sweden, July 28, 1847; came to Chicago 
 in 1851 ; removed to Rockford in 1853; en- 
 gaged in the furniture business with A. C. 
 Johnson from 1869 to 1875, when he be- 
 came connected with the present company ; 
 married Carrie Bergsten, Feb. 12, 1851; 
 thev have two children: Lionel Victor, 
 born Aug. 31,1873; Sylvia, May 19, 1875; 
 Mr. A. is a member of the Lutheran chch. 
 
 Anderson J. S. photographer, over 327 E. 
 
 State; r 1110 Third av. 
 Anderson J. P. tinsmith ; r S. Ninth, bet 
 
 Twelfth and Thirteenth avs. 
 Anderson Jonas R. blacksmitli; r 610 5th av. 
 Anderson Jonas N. blacksmith; r 130 Park. 
 Anderson L. P. grocer ; r 702 S. Seventh. 
 Anderson Louis, lab; r 913 Kishwaukee. 
 Anderson Otto, blacksmith; r 130 Park; e s. 
 Anderson Peter, r 910 Fifth av. 
 Anderson Peter, emp G. L. Farmer. 
 Anderson P. lab; r 1207 Ferguson; ss. 
 Anderson R. 609 S. Seventh. 
 Andeison R. bds 202 N. Second ; e s. 
 Anderson Rev. L. r 1208 Third av. 
 
 A:Si[DRE\l^ JSfO. J. Proprietor Meat 
 Market; 433 W. State St.; residence 507 
 N. Church St.; born in Scotland, Oct. 10, 
 1825; came to Washington Co., Ohio, in 
 1842; lived tliere until 1843, when became 
 to this Co.; was engaged in farming in 
 Guilford Tp., principally, until 1853, when 
 he commenced the butchering business 
 liere, which he has continued to the pres- 
 ent time, with the exception of an interval 
 of about three years, which he devoted to 
 farming; married Mary J. Enocli, daugh- 
 ter of Henry Enocli, who came to this Co. 
 in 1835, witii his family; they were mar- 
 ried May 12, 1853 ; she was born in Butler 
 Co., O., Sept. 1,1831; have iive children; 
 John Dexter, born July 10, 1854; Henry 
 D., Sept. 9, 1856; Frank H., July 9, 1863; 
 Minnie, Sept. 29, 1865; Freddie, July 4, 
 1872 ; Mr. and Mrs. Andrew are members 
 of the Court st. Methodist church. 
 
 Andrew H. D. elk; r 507 N. Church; w s. 
 Andrew R. r 909 First av ; e s. 
 Andrew G. S. carp ; bds Forest City House. 
 Andrews A. r 913 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 85 
 
460 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DlBECTOEYl 
 
 AXDBE^VS & KITCHEN, Den- 
 tists; 202 W. State St., over Peoples Sav- 
 ings Bank. 
 
 Andrews I. L. dentist; r 412 N. Main: w s. 
 
 Andrews Jno. with Rockford Packing Co.; 
 r School, w of fair ground. 
 
 Andrews J. emp furniture factory; r 706 
 Fourth av ; e s. 
 
 Andrus Alvarado, r 307 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Andrus D. A. K. r 305 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Andrus George, r 307 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Andrus Isaac, r 805 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 AIVDRITS CAPT. ^W. B. E. Resi 
 
 dence 305 N. Church st.; born in EUery, 
 Chautauqua Co., N. Y., Sept. 25, 1834; 
 parents removed to Rockford in 1843 ; mar- 
 ried Belle Westfall, of Sag Harbor, Long 
 Island ; she died May 16, 1873 ; had one 
 son and one daughter, both deceased ; Capt. 
 A. enlisted in Co. D, 11th I. V. I., April, 
 1861 ; at expiration of three months, re- 
 enlisted in same Co., and served three years 
 longer; was in all battles in which the 
 lllh participated, up to 1864, except the 
 battle of Shiloh ; at that time he was dis- 
 abled, not having recovered from wounds 
 received at Ft. Donelson; was for consid- 
 erable time Asst. Provost Marshal at Vicks- 
 burg; was mustered out in Sept., 1864. 
 
 Ang Jacob, lab ; r Fourth av. 
 
 Angberg Hogan, lab ; r 805 E. State. 
 
 Angle Aaron, lab ; r 601 Montague ; s s. 
 
 Anglemire R. boot and shoe mfg, N. Wyman 
 near W. State ; r 305 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Anglemire W. r 305 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 ANGSTRAND ALEX. I^. Manu- 
 facturer and Dealer in Boots and Shoes, 
 416 E. State st. ; residence 308 H. Fourth 
 St.; born in Sweden, March 15, 1841 ; came 
 to Rockford in 1869; commenced working 
 at his trade of bootmaker when 11 years 
 of age; married Charlotte Carlson, Feb. 
 28, 1874 ; she was born in Sweden ; have 
 one infant child; Mr. Angstrand manutac- 
 tures boots and shoes to order upon short 
 notice, and guarantees to give perfect sat- 
 isfaction ; he also keeps a stock of Men's, 
 Ladies' and Children's Boots and Shoes on 
 hand, which will be sold at bottom prices. 
 
 Angstrand, shoemaker ; r 206 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Anson Stephen, grocer ; r 1103 E. State. 
 
 Antes J. B. r 508 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Antes Jacob, r 508 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Anyon Thos. r 206 N. West; w s. 
 
 Archibald W. boot and shoemaker, 503 E. 
 State ; r 301 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Armstrong S. F. barber, 321 E. State ; r Har- 
 lem av. 
 
 Armstrong W. B. salesman; bds American 
 House. 
 
 ABXEIili J AS. Auctioneer; resides on 
 S. Seventh st. Woodruffs Addition ; East 
 
 Rockford ; Mr. A. gives special attention to 
 auction sales of farm stock and property; 
 born in Williams Co., Va., March 15, 1843; 
 came to this Co. in 1858 ; removed to Rock- 
 ford in 1875; married Sarah Jane Sweeney, 
 Aug., 1871; she was born in Penn.; have 
 one child, Guy C. ; Mr. A. served two years 
 and a half during the war of the rebellion, 
 in Co. B, 14th Iowa V. I. 
 
 Arnold A. W. r 706 Rural ; e s. 
 
 AKXOI.D WAL.TER J. ofthefirm 
 of Burroughs & Arnold, Dealers in Fruits 
 and Confectionery, 509 East State st. ; born 
 in Monroe Tp., Ogle Co., 111., April 20„ 
 1853; came to Rockford in 1867; was en- 
 gaged in the butchering business here 
 seven years; Mr. Arnold is a member of 
 the Westminster Presbyterian church. 
 
 Ashcraft H. E. r 602 Seminary; e s. 
 
 Ashcraft Solon, carp ; bds Geo. S Warren. 
 
 Ashford Alben, r 902 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Ashford Edw. lab ; r 402 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Ashford John, r 902 N. Second. 
 
 Ashford Thos. elk T. Pyng ; r N. Second. , 
 
 Aspergreen Chas. r 305 Blufi; e s. | 
 
 Asprooth C. O. baker, Kishwaukee near ' 
 State ; r same. 
 
 Atchison John, bds 1009 E. State. 
 
 ATCHL.EY A. S. Photographer, 314 
 W. State St. ; residence 209 N. Main st., 
 West Rockford; Portraits in India Ink, 
 Crayon and Oil Colors made, and enlarg- 
 ing work ot every description done ; the 
 work is first-class, perfect satisfaction guar- 
 anteed ; Mr. Atchley was born in Trenton, 
 N. J., March 3, 1843 ; came to Rockford in 
 April, 1871. 
 
 Atkinson Geo. R. r 401 N. Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 Atwood C. W. cooper; r 1206 S. Winne- 
 bago; s s. 
 
 Atwood G. H. mechanic ; r 1 104 Ferguson ; s s. 
 
 Atwood H.H. r S. Ninth, cor Ninth av; W.A. 
 
 Auger John, gardener ; r 414 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Austin F. H. painter; r 808 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Austin J. moulder; r Cedar bet Court and 
 Church ; w s. I 
 
 Austin S. A. physician ; r 902 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Avery Chas. painter ; r 206 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Avery C. building mover; r 508 Gregory; e s. 
 
 A,yer Otis L. bds Hardy's Hotel. 
 
 BABBITT MARSHALL, watchman; r 
 Corbin, bet Loomis and Morgan ; s s. 
 Babcock I. D. farm; r 807 Kent; s s. 
 
 BABCOCK IlfOYES E. Of the firm 
 of Babcock & Gill, Dentists, 223 East 
 State street'; resides at 301 S. First street; 
 born in Luzerne Co., Pa., Jan. 8, 1833; 
 came to Rockford in 1860, and engaged in 
 the dentistry business, being the oldest es- 
 tablished dentist now in the business in 
 the city; married Harriet E. Crosby 
 
ROCKTORD OITT. 
 
 461 
 
 (daughter of Asa Crosby, an old settler of 
 this place), Aug. 31, 1865; she was born 
 in Rockford; they have two children: 
 Herbert M., born Aug. 10, 1867 ; and Cora 
 A., born Oct. 10, 1871 ; the Dr. and Mrs. 
 Babcock are members of the First Congre- 
 gational Church. 
 
 BACHARACH ISAAC, Merchant 
 Tailor and Dealer in Keady-Made 
 Clothing and Gents' Furnishing Goods; 
 only one price clothing house in Rock- 
 ford; store 301 West State street, corner 
 Main ; residence 301 N. Main street ; born 
 in Germany, Sept. 8, 1824 ; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1857. 
 
 Bacharach J. salesman ; r 301 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Back Michael, r 410 S. Sixth; e s. 
 
 Bacon Charles E. stone mason; r 907 Oak. 
 
 Backus J. r N. Winnebago, above Whit- 
 man ; w s. 
 
 Bailey John, 1012 Crosby ; e s. 
 
 BAIIiEY RUFITS €. County Judge; 
 Horsman's block; boards Holland House, 
 Rockford; born in Auburn, Maine, July 
 '28,1833; came to Rockford in October, 
 1855 ; was admitted to the bar in 1860 ; 
 was City Clerk from 1860 to 1866 ; was 
 City Attorney in 1863; was appointed 
 County Judge in August, 1873 ; in Nov., 
 1873, elected to serve for four years. 
 
 Baird F. K. milkman, r 907 S. West; s s. 
 
 Baker Chas. bds 204 First; e s. 
 
 Baker Daniel W., r 703 Horsman. 
 
 Baker E. H. attorney at law, over 408 E. 
 State ; r 907 Seminary ; e s. 
 
 Baker H. N. real estate and loan agent, over 
 408 E. State; r 405 East; e s. 
 
 Baker M. carpenter ; bds 302 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Baker Michael, lab ; r 604 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Balderson M. carpenter; r 1404 S. West; s s. 
 
 Baldwin A. G. baggage master C. & N. W. 
 
 R. R. ; r Arch, nr S. Avon. 
 Baley L. H. carp ; r S. 10th cor 12th av ; W.A. 
 Ball John, emp furniture factory; bds 111 
 
 S. Third ; e s. 
 Ball Wm. r 404 S. Third ; e s. 
 Ballaugh Peter S. moulder; r Corbin, cor 
 
 Loom is ; s s. 
 Bane Jno. barber ; r over 203 Mulberry ; w s. 
 Banks Benj. F. r S. Ninth; W. A. 
 Barbour J. C. dry goods ; r 418 N.Main ; w s. 
 Barbour W.B. dry goods ; r 420 N.Main ; w s. 
 
 BARBOVR ORISOIl^ F. Principal 
 of the South Rockford School ; residence 
 506 North Court street. 
 
 Bardin Piatt, carp; r 111 River; s s. 
 
 Bargsten Andrew, r 907 S. Third. 
 
 Barker A. painter ; r 202 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Barker Ira, r 202 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Barker John, agent Rockford Ins. Co,; r JIO 
 Eighth, cor Charles ; e s. 
 
 Barnard D. A. carp ; r 204 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Barnard D. r 606 E. State. 
 
 Barnard J. r street from Seminary, s R. R. 
 
 BARNES GEO. W. Photographer; 
 106 S. Main street; residence 512 Rockton 
 avenue, West Rockford; born Feb. 1, 
 1831 ; came to Galesburg, 111., in 1853; re- 
 moved to Rockford in 1854; he has been 
 engaged in making pictures since 1849; 
 married Elvira C. Curtis, July 13, 1853; 
 she was born in Dansville, Livingston Co., 
 N. Y., April 6, 1835 ; they have three chil- 
 dren: Frank H, born Aug. 29, 1858; Geo. 
 W., July 29, 1866; and Agnes E., Oct. 16, 
 1868. 
 
 Barnes H. L. express ; r 912 Pecatonica. 
 
 Barnes Hubert, r 605 Pecatonica. 
 
 Barnes J. elk Graham & Co. ; r 1211 S.West. 
 
 Barnes R. W. freight clerk C. & I. R. R. ; r. 
 306 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 Barnes W.F. mnfr ; r 407 N.Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 BARNES JOHN, Of the tirm of W. 
 F. & John Barnes, Manufactui'ers of Foot 
 Power Machinery on Water Power; re- 
 sides at 508 N. Court street ; born in Mt. 
 Morris, N. Y., Aug. 16, 1833 ; first wife 
 was Almira J. White, of Penn. ; she died 
 Oct. 7, 1872 ; one child by this marriage, 
 Aubrey T., born Sept. 30, 1872; present 
 wife was Jennie Parmelee ; married Oct. 
 15, 1874 ; they have one child, Mary E., 
 born July 22, 1876 ; Mr. and Mrs. Barnes 
 are members of the 2d Congl. Church. 
 
 Barnes Wm. bds 904 S. Church. 
 
 Barnett Thos. stone-cutter, bds City Hotel. 
 
 Barney Edward, lab ; r 508 Gregory, e s. 
 
 Barnum Harris, vice pres Forest City ins co ; 
 r 1201 E. State. 
 
 Barrett John, shoenuxker ; r. 901 Benton ; e s. 
 
 Barrett Joseph, r 712 N. First; e s. 
 
 Barrett M. F. elk ; r 712 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Barrett Patrick, r 712 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Barrett W. W. r 809 Main ; s s. 
 
 Barry David, lab ; r Oak, cor Rockton av. 
 
 Barrows D. S. r 1006 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Barrows Homer I. r 1103 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Barrows J. r 1103 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Barr Geo. W. carp; r 403 Catlin. 
 
 Barsby Albert, r Chestnut, w of creek. 
 
 Bartlett A. L. r 906 Cedar ; w s. 
 
 Bartlett D. L. r 906 Cedar ; w s. 
 
 Bartlett J. W. bakery; r cor Church and 
 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Bartlett J. H. r 401 S. First; e s. 
 
 Bartlett Moses, r 402 S. Main; e s. 
 
 Bartlit Orson H. painter; r 1109 Charles; e s. 
 
 Barth Jacob, watchman R R; r 1011 South. 
 
 Bassett E. P. trav agt; r 305 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Bassett L. 8. liiarness-maker; bds Forest City 
 House. 
 
462 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DmECTORT: 
 
 Bassett R. A. trav. agt; r 305 N. Main-, e s. 
 
 Basford Joseph, r 504 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Basford James, lab ; bds. 410 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Batchelder Fred, emp Joiin Fitch. 
 
 Batchelder K. E. janitor public school; r 
 703 Kishwaukee; e s. 
 
 Batchelder P. J. carp ; r Kent near S. Main. 
 
 Bate Thomas, farmer; r 811 Horsman. 
 
 Bates A. shoemaker ; rover 109 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Bates Alanson, Jr., r over IQS N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Bander G. M. foreman at H. G. Allen & Co.'s ; 
 bds. American House. 
 
 Baxtei- John, r 303 S. Wymuu. 
 
 Beale J. jeweler; r 902 First av ; e s. 
 
 Beale Thomas, jeweler; r 309 S. Fourth. 
 
 BEAX €L,AREXCE, Of the firm of 
 Allien & Bean, Druggists, 106 South Main 
 St. ; resides at cor. of South Main and Mon- 
 tague sts. ; boi-n in Rockford, Feb. 19, 1855 ; 
 married Kittie Blake, Oct. 14, 1876. 
 
 Bean E. C. blacksmith ; r 505 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Bean Frank, r 505 N. Winnebago; w s. 
 
 Berman J. upholsterer; r 906 N. Second; e s. 
 
 Beard E. G. r Prairie, near N. Third ; e s. 
 
 Beard Geo. C. r 614 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Beath Wm. wireweaver; r 1205 Charles. 
 
 Beatson David, emp. John P. Manny ; r same. 
 
 Beatson Wm. lab; r 1005 South. 
 
 Beattie John, r 203 North. 
 
 B£CKEB'II$ ROCKFORD BUiSI- 
 HfESS COIil^EGE, E. C. A. Beck- 
 er, Prop'r; this College is the oldest, best 
 established and most thorough College in 
 Rockford, and has no superior in the State ; 
 its teachers are the most thorough in 
 Northern Illinois; every student is guar- 
 anteed good progress or money refunded ; 
 Prof. Becker is noted for the amount of 
 sound progress every student makes in any 
 branch he may take ; branches are : Book- 
 keeping, Practical and Ornamental Pen- 
 manship, Commercial Law, Commercial 
 Calculations, Business Practice, Detection 
 of Counterfeit Money, Telegraphing, 
 Shorthand, etc., etc.; telegraphic con- 
 nection with W. U. Telegraph office; 
 separate Ladies' Department ; send for cir- 
 culars and terms ; address E. C. A. Becker, 
 Proprietor. 
 
 Becker W. H. pumps ; r 926 Crosby ; e s. 
 
 Becker Chas. F. mason ; r 1003 Crosby ; e s. 
 
 Beckman John, painter ; r 1008 Fourth av. 
 
 Beckstrand Wm. shoemaker; r over 312 E. 
 State. 
 
 Beckstrand Wm. r 107 Morgan. 
 
 Bedard Frank, bds 612 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 Beddoes Edward, Gazette office ; r seminary 
 ground; W. State. 
 
 Beddoes Geo. W. bds 413 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Beddoes W. E. coustable; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Beers Daniel, r 610 N. Second ; e s. 
 Behel A. O. draughtsman ; r 1015 Mulberry. 
 Behel D. cigar mkr ; bds 1015 Mulberry ; w s. 
 Behel Frank, r 1015 Mulberry ; w s. 
 BEHEL JACOB, Solicitor of Amer- 
 ican and Foreign Patents, Mechanical 
 Engineer and Expert in Patent Cases, 
 Room 1, No. 116 S.Main st.,West Rockford ; 
 residence 1015 Mulberry; born in Mifflm, 
 Juniata Co., Peun., Nov. 8, 1816; came to 
 Earlville, 111., in 1857; came to Rockford 
 in 1863 ; he is the inventor of the grain 
 binder now embodied in what is known 
 as the Gorham binder ; he is the inventor 
 of many important articles, among which 
 may be mentioned patent No. 5,250 for a 
 Fanning Mill, patent granted Aug. 21, 
 1847 ; he has four patents on grain binders, 
 granted during the years 1864, '65 and '69 ; 
 Fence Wire Stretcher, Sept. 13, 1864; 
 Horse-shoe, May 29, 1866; Saw Gauge, 
 Feb. 12, 1867; Horse-shoe, Nov. 12, 1867; 
 Mortise Burglar Proof Lock, 1868; Te- 
 noning Machine, 1869; Gate, 1869; Door 
 Stop, 1871 ; Cultivator, 1873, two patents ; 
 Cultivator Teeth, 1873; Cultivator, 1875; 
 Whiffle Tree Hook, two patents, 1874; 
 Postal Card File, 1875 ; Window Blinds, 
 1876, and Chain Belt, 1876. 
 
 Beissert A. furniture mkr ; r 503 N. Second. 
 
 Belcher Orville G. lab ; r 926 Crosby ; e s. 
 
 Belford David J. r 308 S. West. 
 
 Belford J. baker, 325 W. State ; r 308 S. West 
 
 Belford W. S. book-keeper; r 308 S. West. 
 
 Bell Cyrus, carp; r 112 S. Second; e s. 
 
 Bell Thomas, r 608 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Belknap N. shoemaker ; r 1014 Rock ; s s. 
 
 Bengstrom Claus, emp A. M. Johnston «& Co. 
 
 Bengstou Andrew, r Seminary ; s R.R. 
 
 Bennett Swan, lab ; r 610 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Benoit N. E. watchmaker ; r JJ25 W. State. 
 
 Benson John, lab; r 410 8. Sixth; e s. 
 
 Benson Peter, emp ; G. W. Moifatt. 
 
 Benson Swan, lab ; r stone row S. Water ; e s. 
 
 Benson , tailor ; r 805 E. State. 
 
 Bentley T. D. emp Graham & Co.; r 308 
 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 Berger E. G. artist; bds 310 S. First; e s. 
 
 Berger J. painter; bds 110 S. Main; e s. 
 
 Bergonson , r 408 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Bei-gran John, r 212 S. Water, e s. 
 
 Bergsten A. lab; r 505 E. Seminary; e s. 
 
 Berridge George, r 707 George ; w s. 
 
 Bergquist O. painter ; r 407 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Bergquist Gust, painter ; r S. Seventh ; w s. 
 
 Berthran Napoleon, lab ; r 727 N. Main, e s. 
 
 Bertrand F. T. mfg ; r 414 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Bertrand Joseph, bds 414 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Best C. mason; r Blaisdell w of fair ground. 
 
 Best Geo, marble cutter; r 304 N. Third. 
 
ROCKFOKD cmr. 
 
 4GB 
 
 Best W. mason ; r Blaisdell \v of fair ground. 
 
 Bessey Geo. painter; r 404 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Bessey George, painter; bds 506 W. State. 
 
 Bessey Lyman, lab ; r over 404 S. Court. 
 
 Bettes Wm. r 523 N. Church, w s. 
 
 Bide W. slioemaker ; r 205 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Burer David, r third house s of H. Brown. 
 
 Bierer E. H. mfg and dlr in American and 
 foreign views ; r third house s of H. Brown. 
 
 Bigalow F.travagt ; r S.Main,cor Loomis ; s s. 
 
 Bigelow D. W. Cedar cor S. Avon. 
 
 Bigelow F. farm; r 1312 Third av; e s. 
 
 Bildahl Andrew G. lab ; r 805 E. State. 
 
 Billingliam S. C. carriagemaker ; r 205 Mor- 
 gan ; s s. 
 
 Billingham Albert, r 205 Morgan ; s s. 
 
 Billings D. H. r 614 Knowlton. 
 
 Billington Edward, r 505 Court; e s. 
 
 Bilstrand John, lab; r 116 N. Third; e s. 
 
 Bilstrand John, Jr. r 116 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 Bingham F. J. elk; r 714 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Bingham Harry, meat; r 509 Catlin. 
 
 Bingham James, ice, r 808 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Bingham J.W. live stock ; r 714 N.Court ; w s. 
 
 Birdsall K.salesmn S.C.Withrow ;r 1004 Elm. 
 
 Bisliop Fred H. r 1006 Maple. 
 
 Bishop George A. emj) Amer Ex Co ; r Peach 
 e of Avon ; w s. 
 
 Bishop H.J.tailor 217 E.State; r out of town. 
 Bishop James H. r 1006 Maple. 
 Black- Alex, r 108 N. Third; e s. 
 Black Alex, r 1014 E. State. 
 Black John L. r 736 N. First; e s. 
 Blackman Frank, r 506 S. First ; e s. 
 Blackman F. L. shoe dealer 211 W. State; r 
 205 N. First. 
 
 Blackman G.W. pump mfg ; r 506 S.First ; e s. 
 Blackmer Hiram, r 921 Crosby ; e s. 
 Blaisdell B. R. painter ; r 302 Avon ; w s. 
 
 BIiAIHl>EL.L. E. W. Real Estate 
 Dealer and Attorney and Counsellor at 
 Law; office in BlaisdelTs Building, W. 
 State St., West Rockford ; residence 204 N. 
 Church ; born in Montpelier, Vt., July 18, 
 1826; came to Stephenson Co., 111., in 
 1853; came to Rockford in 1854; estab- 
 lished the Rockford Repuhlican in 1854; 
 conducted that paper until 1861 ; since 
 that time he has been engaged in the Real 
 Estate and Law business ; Mr. B. was a 
 member of the Illinois State Legislature 
 in 1859 and 1860. 
 
 Blake Chas. r 901 Horsman. 
 
 Blake Evans, r 512 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Blake Geo. W. stone-cutter; r 901 Horsman. 
 
 Blake J. mason and builder; r 901 Horsman. 
 
 Blake Patrick, r 515 Cedar. 
 
 BL.AK£ THATCHER, The subject 
 of this sketch, whose portrait appears in 
 this work, is a direct lineal descendant, on 
 his mother's side, of the celebrated Ed- 
 ward Winslow, who came to this country 
 in the Mayflower, and to whose wisdom, 
 energj^ and prudence in his intercourse 
 with the Indians were due the preserva- 
 tion and prosperity of that small colony 
 cast among hostile savages. His tather, 
 Thatcher Blake, Sr., was born Feb. 22, 
 1774, at Taunton, ]Mass.; died Oct. 29, 
 1839, at Foxcroft, Maine. Mr. B. was 
 born at Turner, Oxford Co., Maine, March 
 16, 1809 ; moved with parents to Foxcroft, 
 Piscataquis County ; here his father settlfd 
 on a farm, the son assisting in the sum- 
 mer season and teaching district school in 
 the winter, with the exception of one win- 
 ter, when he was engaged in lumbering, 
 till Jund 1, 1834; he then left home and 
 started for the great West, having no fixed 
 place for location. There were "no steam- 
 ers or railroads, so he took passage to 
 Boston in a schooner ; by stage to Albany, 
 N. Y., over the Green Mountains; at Al- 
 bany he came by railroad some tburteen 
 miles, that being as far as it extended 
 West ; there he took packet boat on the 
 canal for Bufl'alo, and by boat from there 
 to Cleveland, Ohio; from there took canal 
 for Cincinnati, but after one day the canal 
 broke, and he with five others hired a 
 team for Dayton, the journey lasting nine 
 d^ys. On reaching Cincinnati he found 
 no inducements to locate, and proceeded 
 to Louisville, and thence to St. Louis; 
 here he met many who had been in the 
 Black Hawk War, who gave him glowing 
 accounts of the Rock River countrj-, and 
 of Galena, at that time celebrated for its 
 mining interests. 
 
 He accordingly visited Galena, with a 
 view of engaging in mining. Afterspend- 
 ing a couple of weeks and thoroughly 
 inspecting the whole situation, he con- 
 cluded there was too much hard w^ork and 
 uncertainty in that business. Here he 
 became acquainted wnth Germanicus 
 Kent, from Alabama, who was stopping 
 temporarily with his brother, Rev. Aratus 
 Kent, a Presbjierian clergyman. They 
 arranged to explore the Rock River Val- 
 ley together. They loaded their supplies 
 in a "Democrat wagon," and traveled 35 
 miles to Ransom, the lowest settlement at 
 that time on the Pecatonica River. Here, 
 trading their horse and wagon for a canoe, 
 and putting all necessary supplies on 
 board, they start to explore a country un- 
 inhabited " by white men, for 100 miles 
 east, and north to the lakes. Tliey con- 
 tinued their journey down the river till 
 they came to the Indian village of Winni- 
 sheck— where the city of Freeport now 
 stands— containing about 200 Indians. 
 Having stopped and explored the country 
 at various times, they finally landed and 
 camped on what is now the beautiful 
 
464 
 
 WINNEBAGO OOUNTT DIRECTORY: 
 
 grounds of Mrs. Tinker, in the city of 
 Rockford. Mr. Blake selected a claim, 
 still known as Blake's Grove, two and 
 one-half miles west of the present city, on 
 the state road. So well pleased were they 
 with their location, that after a trip to 
 Dixon and Galena, Mr. B. returned in 
 August of the same year, and has since 
 resided in this Tp. At that time his near- 
 est white neighbor east was 50 miles, at 
 Elgin; .south, 40 miles, at Dixon; west, 
 40 miles; north, no one but Mack, an 
 Indian trader, till you reach the lakes. He 
 married Miss Mary Jane Goodhue, Nov. 
 6, 1838, who was born Aug. 29, 1813, at 
 Peterboro, N. H. She came with her sis- 
 ter, Mrs. Sauke, and settled in Stephenson 
 Co., 111. This was the first marriage cere- 
 mony performed in that county. He re- 
 sided on his farm where he first settled, 
 till 1851, when he removed to the city of 
 Rockford and engaged in real estate on 
 his own private accoimt, which has since 
 been his occupation. This has led him 
 to travel extensively in most of the West- 
 ern States, buying and selling lands — 
 mostly pine. He now resides on S. Main 
 St., south of city limits. He has spent two 
 winters with his family on the Pacific 
 coast, and while pleased with the delight- 
 ful climate there, has concluded that in 
 all his travels he finds nothing to excel the 
 place of his first choice, in climate and 
 healthfulness, social, educational and re- 
 ligious privileges. While every one of 
 his neighbors in pioneer life have passed 
 "over the river," so far as he knows, he is 
 robust, with faculties well preserved, and 
 a goodly prospect of many years, to enjoy 
 the fruits of his labors. Has one daugh- 
 ter, Kate, who is now Mrs. Clarence Bean, 
 of the firm of Allen & Bean, druggists, of 
 this city. 
 
 Blake Thomas, r 515 Cedar. 
 
 Blakeman Benjamm, lumber dealer and 
 
 pres Rockford Tack Co ; r 434 N.Main ; w s. 
 Blancher George, bds 302 S. Main ; w s. 
 Blewfield Gust, bds City Hotel. 
 Bliun A. street sprinkling; r 802 Pecatonica. 
 Blinn Edmund B. r 504 Horsman. 
 Blinn Jesse, r 504 Horsman. 
 BlinnW.C.bkpr John P.Manny ; r Harlem av. 
 Block Frank, distiller; r East, n end. 
 Blodgett J. H. prin W. R. high school, and 
 
 suptW.R.public schools ;r 426N.Main ; w s. 
 Blomberg Andrew, carp ; r 303 Bluff; e s. 
 Blomberg Chas. r Fourth av, cor Eighth. 
 Blomberg C. cabinetmaker ; r 702 S. Third. 
 Blomberg John, bds 303 Bluff. 
 Blomberg John, carp; r 605 S. Sixth. 
 Blomquist Adolph, r 507 Union ; e a. 
 Blomquist Andrew, emp Dr. L. Clark. 
 Blomquist Gust, lab; r309 S, Sijfth; e s, 
 
 BLOMQUIST LOUIS M. Merchant 
 Tailor, N. E. cor. Main and State sts., up 
 stairs. West Rockford; residence, cor 
 Second av. and Fifth st. ; born in Sweden 
 March 5, 1848; came to Rockford in 1866 
 married Anna S. Anderson, April 1, 1872 
 she was born in Norway; they have one 
 child, Ernest Louis, born May 14, 1873 
 Mr. and Mrs. Blomquist are members of 
 the Swedish Methodist Church; Mr. B. is 
 
 . one of the best merchant tailors in Rock- 
 ford; he has been engaged in the business 
 ever since he came here. 
 
 Blomstrom J. painter ; r 311 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 Blomstrom J. M. blacksmith ; r 803 Fifth av. 
 Bloom G. W. harnessmkr ; r over 329W.State. 
 Blumstram Andrew, r 605 S. Fifth. 
 Boardman Fred J. r 1107 S. Winnebago. 
 Bodine Alfred, lab; r 603 S. Seventh; e s. 
 Bodmer G. stone-cutter, bds 414 S.Court; w s. 
 Bodmer G. G. stone-cutter ; bds White Hotel. 
 Bogardus F. F. elk C. A. Sanborn ; bds same. 
 Bohstrom John, r Seminary ; s s. 
 Bohm John, lab ; r Prospect ; out of city. 
 Bohm Peter, lab; r Prospect; out of city. 
 Boice J. W. broom mfg ; bds 302 S.Main ; w s. 
 Bonander A. r rear 704 Fourth av ; e s. 
 Boner John F. r 608 Chestnut ; w s. 
 Bonfas John, r 1010 Elm; w s. 
 Bonney James, r 204 S. West. 
 Bookout James, tailor ; r 303 Horsman. 
 Borden F. bds Forest City House. 
 Borden I. N. prop Forest City House ; r same. 
 Borg Andrew, mason; r 1101 Third av; e s. 
 Borgsten Joseph, bds 603 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 Bosenbach J. miller ; bds 508 S. Main ; -w s. 
 Bott Marcus, mason; r 1106 Rock. 
 Boutwell Arthur E. r 109 S. Second; e s. 
 Boutwell Wm. P. r 109 S. Second; e s. 
 Bowdoiu Wm. M. r 605 North ; w s. 
 Bowies Wm. S. r 907 Rock ; s s. 
 Bowman Gust, r 128 Park. 
 Bowman Ferdinand, lab; r 401 S. Second. 
 Bowman Raynold, painter; r 510 Union. 
 Boyce M. D. carp ; r 502 East ; e s. 
 Boyd John, trav agt; r 503 N. Church. 
 Boyle Barney, lab; r 1401 S. Main; s s. 
 Boyle Richard, lab; r 1003 Elm; w s. 
 Boynton Warren, r 1010 E. State. 
 Bradberg John, lab; r 1020 Sixth av; e s. 
 Bradbury George, r 507 Longwood ; e s. 
 Bradbury Thomas, r 507 Longwood ; e s. 
 Bradley Geo. planing mill, 305 S. Main ; w. 
 
 s; r 406 Horsman. 
 Bradley Wm. H. cooper; r 517 Union ; e s. 
 Bradshaw R. E. r 1108 S. Court, s s. 
 Brady C. P. r 705 Elm ; w s. 
 
KOCKFOKD OITf. 
 
 466 
 
 Brady H. H. r 705 Elm ; w s. 
 Brady Henry, r Wall, near S. Court. 
 
 BRAID^VOOD ANDKEIV, Fore- 
 man Foundry of Emerson, Talcott & Co. ; 
 residence 1201 Rock street; born in Al- 
 bauy, N. Y., Sept. 11, 1839; moved to Lou- 
 isville, Ky., in 1853; came to Rockford in 
 August, 1854; has been engaged in the 
 foundry business twenty-four years; has 
 been with Emerson, Talcott & Co. ever 
 since they established their manufacturing- 
 business here; married Louisa Empey, 
 Aug. 6, 1856 ; she was born in Canada, 
 Sept. 10, 1829; they have five children, 
 James Grant, Albert A., Samuel L., Kittie 
 M., and Wm. S. ; Mrs. B. is a member of 
 the South Rockford M. E. Cliurch. 
 
 Brainard E. P. meat market ; 403 W. State ; r 
 706 George ; w s. 
 
 Brainard J. H. moulder; r 1019 Mulberry. 
 
 Bramber John, lab ; r 124 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Brantingham J. J. broker ; r 408 N.West ; w s. 
 
 Brantingham Robert, r North, cor Horsman. 
 
 Brant Jacob, r "Wall, n S. West. 
 
 Bratton Geo. r street n cemetery; e s. 
 
 Brazee A.H.wagon mnfr ; 309 N.Wyman ;w s. 
 
 Brazee C M. attorney at law, over Winne- 
 bago Natl Bank ; r 502 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Brearley A. C. book-keeper ; r 707 Cherr}^ 
 
 Brearly Geo. W. book-keeper ; r 707 Cherry. 
 
 Brearly Wm. M. carp ; r 707 Cherry. 
 
 Brearton M. wagon mkr ; r West, s s, nr river. 
 
 Bred A. emp N. C. Thompson, r foot Park. 
 
 Brennan John, r 715 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Brenner A. blacksmith ; r 706 Montague ; s s. 
 
 Brenner Wm. r 706 Montague ; s s. 
 
 Bretnor E. watchman ; r 808 Second av ; e s. 
 
 Brick Wm. painter ; r 405 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Briggs Chas. E. r 1206 E. State. 
 
 Briggs Chester E. r 907 Kishwaukee. 
 
 BBIO€}$$ CHESTER C. Of the 
 
 firm of Briggs & Enoch, Manufacturers of 
 Plows and Cultivators, on Water Power; 
 resides at 1206 East State street; born in 
 Dover, Windham Co., Vt., Sept. 6, 1817 ; 
 engaged in farming pursuits until 17 
 years of age, when he entered the Oneida 
 Institute ; received his education there and 
 at Dartmouth College ; for two years he 
 was editor of the Green Moimtaia Free- 
 man, of Montpelier, Vt., which is still 
 published there; he was editor of the 
 Liberty Gazette, of Burlington, Vt., for 
 three years; both anti-slavery papers; a 
 large portion of the time for six or seven 
 years he was in the lecture field as an 
 anti-slavery advocate; for four years pre- 
 vious to 1853, he was engaged in the pro- 
 duce business; in 1853 he removed to 
 Rockford ; the same year he engaged in 
 the banking business, being the senior 
 member of the firm of Briggs, Spafford & 
 
 Penfield; he continued in the banking 
 business until 1863; for three or four 
 years thereafter he was engaged in real 
 estate, wool and other speculations ; in 
 1866, he engaged in the manufacturing 
 business, and has continued in that busi- 
 ness since ; he is a Director in the Rock- 
 ford National Bank and of the Forest City 
 Furniture Co.; married Emeline M. Peck, 
 Dec. 9, 1844; she was born in Montpelier, 
 Vt., Jan. 1, 1820; they have two children 
 living: Charles E., who is now in Senior 
 Class at Yale College, was born May 15, 
 1856; George S., Jan. 2, 1859; they have 
 one adopted daughter, Lizzie M., now 
 Mrs. D. H. Ferguson; she was adopted 
 and her name was changed by act of the 
 Legislature from Lizzie M. Dennis to that 
 of Briggs ; Mr. Briggs lost three children, 
 who died in infancy. 
 
 Briggs G. S. book-keeper ; bds 1206 E. State. 
 
 Briggs J. W. r 907 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Briggs — . moulder; r 1105 East; s s. 
 
 Brigham J. W. mechanic; bds American H. 
 
 Bright H.S. wagon maker ; r 213 S.Main ; w s. 
 
 Bright Wm. A. r 213 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Brill Daniel, butcher ; r 603 Longwood ; e s. 
 
 Brink L. engineer C. & N. W. R. R; r 909 
 South ; w S. 
 
 Bristow W. J. pattern mkr; r 1112 River -.ss. 
 
 BROCKMAJf FRAHiXIS, Dealer 
 
 in Cigars and Tobacco, 311 East State 
 street; resides at same number; born in 
 Hanover, Germany, June 24, 1826; came 
 to St. Louis in 1844; resided there until 
 1848, then went to Chicago, where he re- 
 mained one year, returned to St. Louis for 
 a few mouths, then went to Peoria, where 
 he resided 7>^ years; early in 1857, he 
 came to Rockford ; married Louisa G. 
 Schlink, Oct. 24, 1852; she was born in 
 Baltimore, Aug. 13, 1832; they have four 
 children, Frances L. (now Mrs. Alfred 
 Haime), Matilda M., Emma L, and Geo. 
 Franklin; Mr. and Mrs. Brockman are 
 Catholics. 
 
 BROCKMAX JOSEPH, Furniture 
 Dealer, 122 South Main street. West Side; 
 boards at Hardj^'s Hotel ; born in Clayton 
 Tp., Clayton Co., I«wa, April 26, 1849 ; 
 came to Rockford May 26, 1867; member 
 of Turner Society, and Forest City Lodge, 
 No. 12, A. O. U. W. ; Mr. B. has been en- 
 gaged in the furniture business for him- 
 self six years, having previously served 
 apprenticeship several years manufactur- 
 ing; he always keeps a full and complete 
 stock of furniture of every description, 
 which he will sell at lowest prices. 
 
 Brockway Fred. H. r 606 Seminary; e s. 
 
 RROCKWAY yvm. Manufacturer 
 and Dealer in Boots and Shoes, 330 East 
 State street; residence 606 East Seminary 
 street ; born in Chazy, Clinton Co., N. Y., 
 Sept. 5, 1832 ; came to Rockford in 1858 ; 
 
4:66 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTOKY: 
 
 married Ruth Chapman; she was born in 
 Troy, N. Y. ; they have three children, 
 Louisa L., Fred. H., and Florence M. 
 
 Brockway Wni. H. r 606 Seminary; e s. 
 
 Broeffle H. barber, cor W. State and Main ; 
 r 913 N. Court. 
 
 Brogunier U. D. carp; rl069W. State. 
 
 Brolin I.C. emp N.C.Thompson ; r 505 S. 1st. 
 
 Bromley Sherman, r 605 S. Seventh. 
 
 Bronson A. V. r 307 N. Court. 
 
 Bronson H. A. foreman Register; bds 307 
 N. Court. 
 
 Bronson S. G. with F. H. Manny; r 525 N. 
 Church. 
 
 Brooks F. H. shoemkr: r 711 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Brower J. W. r 1006 Montague ; s s. 
 
 Brownlow J. H. mechanic ; r 906 S. West. 
 
 Brownlow H. L. r 1002 S. West; s s. 
 
 Brown Andrew, r 907 Second av. 
 
 Brown A. T. r 607 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Brown Benj. r 728 N. First; e s. 
 
 Brown C.A.wagon making; r 107 S.Main ; es. 
 
 Brown C. E. r Whitman cor N. Church. 
 
 Brown C. E. r 602 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 BROWN CHAS. IV. & CO. Dry 
 
 Goods Merchants, Holland House Blk. ; C. 
 ,-W. Brown resides 533 N. Church st. ; born 
 in Braltleboro, Vt., Nov. 7, 1840; came to 
 Rockford in 1856; resided here three j'-ears, 
 then returned to Vt. ; was in Q. M. Dept. in 
 the army of the Potomac, one year and a 
 half; in the j^ear 1866 he again removed 
 to Rockfortl, and has continued to reside 
 here since tliat time; married Elizabeth 
 Starr, Aug. 20, 1867 ; she was born in Flor- 
 ida, Jan. 5, 1846 ; have two children, Me- 
 lancthou S. born Sept. 19, 1868; Elizabeth, 
 April 4, 1870. 
 
 Brown D.agt Rockford Ins Co; r 109 N. 2d. 
 Brow^n David J. ins agt; r 109 N. Second. 
 Brown H. livery stable; r 403 S. Main; e s. 
 Brown E. F. r 610 Kishwaukee, 
 Brown E. J. r 501 S. First; e s. 
 Brown Edw. W. r 306 S. Third; e s. 
 Brown F. T. r S. Eighth, cor Eleventh av. 
 Brown G. L. grocer, 523 E. State ; r 310 N. 
 
 Four til ; e s. 
 Brown George, bds Citj^ Hotel. 
 Brown Geo. N. r 501 S. First : e s. 
 
 BROWIIf GEO. W. Physician and 
 Surgeon. Ill W. State st; residence 807 
 Pecatonica st. ; born in Moria, Essex Co., 
 N. Y., Oct. 29, 1820; came to Rockford in 
 April, 1865; married Lorinda G. Heath, 
 June 1, I860; she was born in Geneva, N. 
 Y., April 23, 1830; in 1847 the Doctor 
 established the Conneautville, Penn., Cow- 
 /•j^r; conducted it until the fall of 1854; 
 then transferred it to two of his appren- 
 tices, A. J. Mason and Dliniel Sinclair; in 
 
 1854 he removed to Lawrence, Kansas, 
 taking with him a Colony Association, 
 composed of about three hundred of his 
 old friends and acquaintances; at Law- 
 rence he established the Kansas Herald of 
 Freedom, the first number of which w^as 
 issued in Sept., 1854, before leaving Penn. ; 
 the second number was issued from his 
 office in Lawrence, in Jan., 1855, where he 
 had removed his power press, type, fix- 
 tures, etc. ; it was the first free state paper 
 established in Kansas, and did good service 
 in the cause of freedom until 1860, after 
 the admission of Kansas as a free state; 
 this paper obtained a circulation of over 
 8,000, which was unprecedented in local 
 journalism; after the admission of Kansas 
 as a free state, the Dr., deeming his labor 
 as a journalist ended, disposed of his pa- 
 per and engaged in the practice of law, at 
 Paola, Kansas, having been admitted to 
 the bar of Penn. in 1846 ; he commenced 
 reading law in 1843, under the tutelage of 
 Joshua R. Giddings; continued his law 
 practice until he came to Rockford, in 
 1865 ; then he turned his attention to med- 
 icine; he is a graduate of the Eclectic 
 Medical College of Penn., at Philadelphia; 
 he is giving his attention principally to 
 the manufacture and introduction into use 
 of "Electro Vapor and Medicinal Bath" 
 apparatus, having already introduced it 
 into all Western and Southern States; his 
 apparatus is covered by patents, dated Mav 
 25, 1875, Feb. 8, 1876, and Dec. 26, 1876. " 
 
 Brown G. W. moulder; r 908 S. Church; s s. 
 Brown Rev. Hope, r 208 S. Third ; e s. 
 Brown Harry W. r 403 S. Main ; e s. 
 Brown H. treas. Forest City ins co, and vice 
 
 pres Rockford nat'l bank ; r Beloit rd, 4th 
 
 house n of bridge, N. Second ; e. s. 
 Brown Jas. J. painter ; r 606 Montague. 
 Brown Jno. A. moulder : r 901 Fourth av. 
 Brown Jno. gardener; r916 N. Court; w s. 
 Brown Jno. insurance agt ; r 210 N. 4th ; e s. 
 Brown Jno. painter; r 813 N. Second. 
 Brown Jno. R. fish ; r 1104 Elm ; w s. 
 Brown Richard, r 306 S. Third. 
 Brown Roger, shoemaker; 314 W. State; r 
 
 813 N. Second. 
 Brown S. S. milkman; r 119 N. Church. 
 Brown T. H. r 701 W. State. 
 Brown Wm. T. asst cash Rockford natl bank ; 
 
 r 5th house n of bridge, Beloit rd. 
 
 BROIVK HOX. Wlfl. Circuit 
 Judge 13th Judicial District ; office Rock- 
 ford National Bank; residence 306 S. 
 Third; East Side; born in Cumberland 
 Co., England, June 1, 1819; came to N. Y. 
 State in 1827 ; resided in Oneida Co. most 
 of the time until the fall of 1845, when he 
 came to Rockford, where he has ever since 
 resided ; in 1847 he was elected Justice of 
 the Peace ; held that office about 6 years ; 
 
?0 
 
 MAYOR OF ROCKFORD 
 
ROCKFOKt) CITY. 
 
 469 
 
 elected State's Attorney for what was then 
 known as the 14th Circuit, in 1852 ; served 
 in tliat position 4 years; in 1857, was elect- 
 ed Mayor of Rnckford ; was Village Trus- 
 tee before city organization; was member 
 of the State Legislature in 1864 and 1865 ; 
 for about 6 j-ears the Judge was Master in 
 (Jhancery, and in 1870 was elected Circuit 
 Judge, which office he now holds. 
 
 Brumbaugh Chas. r 1010 Second av ; e s. 
 
 Brumbaugh S. A. trav agt ; r 1010 2d av ; e s. 
 
 Bruliue S. emp N. C. Thompson ; r 507 S. 1st. 
 
 Bruner M. traveling agt; bds 513 N. Church. 
 
 Bryant Chas. O. salesman ; r 521 N. Church. 
 
 Bryan Wm. P. carpenter; rl502 Charles. 
 
 Bub.ser A. carriage maker; r 703 N. 1st; e s. 
 
 Bubser L.press-feeder Gazette; r 703 N.lst ; e s. 
 
 Bul)ser C. emp O. Chaney & Son ; r 703 N. 1st. 
 
 BUCHANAX THOMAS, Foreman 
 Foundry, Wm. A. Knowlton's Manufac- 
 tor}'^; residence cor East and Loomis sts. ; 
 born in Scotland, May 15, 1825; came to 
 Rhode Island in 1847 ; worked seven and 
 one-half years in foundry there and in 
 1855 came to Boone Co., 111., where he 
 was engaged in farming one year; in 1856 
 came to Rockford ; was with Emerson & 
 Co. a few months, then went with Clark tb 
 Utter, and continued with them until 1858, 
 when he went to California; was engaged 
 in mining about seven months, but iu 1859 
 went to Downieville, Sierra Co., Cal., and 
 carried on the Foundry business there un- 
 tU 1862; in that year he returned to Rock- 
 ford ; was with F. H. Manny the fall of 
 1873, when lie look charge of W. A. 
 Knowlton's Foundry, where he still re- 
 mains; married Jane Smith, July 17, 
 1847; she was born in Scotland, in Sept., 
 1825; have one sou, Thos. J., born March 
 10, 1856; lost three children; Mr. and Mrs. 
 B. are members of the First Presbyterian 
 church; Mr. b. is a member of Star in the 
 East Lodge No. 166, A. F. and A. M. 
 
 Buchanan T. J. moulder; r East nr Loomis. 
 
 Buchan A. S. carpenter; r 311 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Buckbee Chas. W. re s end Kishwaukee. 
 
 Buckbee Theodore E. r s end Kishwaukee. 
 
 Buckingham F. A. lab; r 120 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Buckland John J. r Seminary; s of R. R. 
 
 BUELIi HARRY C. Surgeon and 
 Dentist, 206 W. State st. ; residence, 602 
 Horsman st. ; the Doctor has the most 
 elegant dental rooms in this part of the 
 state; the appointments are of the most 
 perfect description in every respect; he 
 was born in Zanesville, Ohio; came to 
 th's Co. Sept. 15, 1862. 
 
 Buell J. M. real estate and loan agent over 
 804 W. State ; r 602 Horsman. 
 
 Buke Wm. r S. Winnebago, s of Wall; s s. 
 
 BUKER HORACE & SON, Watch- 
 makers and Jewelers, 310 W. State St.; 
 
 35« 
 
 Horace Buker resides at 306 N. Church st. ; 
 he was born m Minot, Maine, Nov. 23, 
 1817; in 1835, moved to Ohio, near Mt. 
 Vernon; in 1838, went to Athens, Ohio, 
 wliere he lived until removal to Pekin, 
 111., in 1843; remained there until he came 
 to Rockford, in 1855; married Helen N. 
 Crosby, March 31, 1845; sJie was born in 
 Attica, N. Y., and died Oct. 3, 1864; they 
 had three children, the two living are: 
 John T., born July 25, 1848, and Inez, 
 June 2, 1856; lost one daughter, Mary J., 
 born March 11, 1846; she died Feb. 15, 
 1875; Mr. Buker is a practical Watch- 
 maker, having worked at tlie business 
 over 40 years. 
 
 Buker John T. jeweler; r 306 N. Court. 
 
 Bunt Anson E. r 1008 E. State. 
 
 Bunt George, carp; r 206 N. Fifth. 
 
 Bunt Lorenzo, dentist ; r 1008 E. State. 
 
 Burch Harry, carp; bds 111 S. Third; e s. 
 
 Burdick David, r Corbin nr Loomis. 
 
 Burdick H. S. painter E. B. Sackett; r 513 
 E. State. 
 
 Burdick Wm. A. r Corbin nr Loomis. 
 
 Burk Frank, carriagemaker; r N. Water. 
 
 Burk T. gasfitter; bris cor Mulberry and 
 Main ; w s. 
 
 Burk Wm. plumber; bds 201 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Burkman Oxle, bds 901 Fourth av; e s. 
 
 Burlingame C. H. C. bkpr ; bds W.S.Wilkins. 
 
 Burman J. employe watch factory; bds 107 
 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Burmaster L. machinist; r 509 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 BURXAP C. O. Boston Furniture 
 Works, Tinker's Building, .Vlainst., nearly 
 opp Emerson & Co.'s office, on water 
 power; niiikes a specialty of cylinder 
 desks and hook cases; all kinds office 
 desks and furniture manufactured; price 
 lists sent upon application; fiitlng up of 
 offices done satisfactorily, and at lowest 
 prices; residence, 1104 S. Winnebago st. 
 
 Burues Jeremiah, r 717 N. First; e s. 
 
 Burnes Thomas, lab; r Knowlton cor Court. 
 
 Burns J. D. phys and surg; r 503 W. State. 
 
 Burns Joseph, dry goods 117 W. State; r 110 
 Horsman. 
 
 Burns Peter, employe W. H. Miller. 
 
 Burns Rev. Wm. H. pastor Third St. M. E. 
 Church ; r 607 E. State. 
 
 Burns Wm. N. elk; r 110 Horsman. 
 
 Burnett J. H. engineer ; r 308 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Burnham A. H. painter; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Burnham M. R. painter ; r 712 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Burnside J.L. salsmn ; bds 612 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 BURPEE A. C Furniture Dealer and 
 Undertaker, 110 W. State st. ; residence, 
 713 W. State, cor. Horsman ; born in Lima, 
 Livingston Co., N. Y., Aug. 10, 1822; 
 lived there until 1853, when he moved to 
 
470 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIEEOTORTI 
 
 LeRoy, N. Y., where he remained until 
 1856, when he removed to Rockford ; he 
 has been engaged in the furniture busi- 
 ness over 40 years; he is now and has 
 been City Undertalter for 15 years ; mar- 
 ried Harriet M. Baldwin, daughter of 
 Gordon Baldwin, of Riga, Monroe Co., 
 K y.. May 3, 1854; she was born Oct., 
 1823 ; they have five children, Mary Louise, 
 Harry B., Hermon N., Florence E. and 
 Homer Stanton. 
 
 Burritt G. A. r 507 N. Winnebago; w s. 
 
 Burritt Rufus H. r 817 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Bui-rows F. cigarmaker; bds White's Hotel. 
 
 BurroughsN.C.confectionery.etc. ;r 210 N. 3d. 
 
 BURS^OX WM, \¥. Of the firm of 
 Burson & Nelson, Proprietors of Rock- 
 ford KJiittmg Works, on water power; 
 residence 1110 Montague St.; born near 
 Utica, Venango Co., Pa., Sept. 23, 1832 ; 
 came to McDonough Co., 111., in 1842; lived 
 there 1 year, 15 years in Fulton Co., 111., 
 2 years at Yates City, Knox Co. ; came to 
 Rockford in January, 1863; he was the 
 first to invent a practical "Grain Binder," 
 which gave satisfaction and was continued 
 in use; he, with John Nelson, his present 
 partner, perfected the first knitting 
 machine which would finish hose without 
 hand work; Mr. Burson married Emily 
 S. Wilson, Oct. 5, 1856; she was born in 
 N. J.; they have three children living, 
 Florence Adelle, born March 8, 1858; Wil- 
 son W., May 24, 1864; and Ernest E., 
 June 4, 1867; lost tbree, who died in 
 infanc3^ 
 
 Burton Edward, r 815 Benton ; e s. 
 
 Buske Albert, tanner ; r 902 Rockton av. 
 
 Butler Jas. lab; room over 303 W. State. 
 
 Butler Jas. bds 506 W. State. 
 
 BIJTL.ER REV. THADDEUS 
 JOSEPH, 1>. !>., Pastor of St. Mary's 
 Catholic Church ; residence 408 Rock st., 
 East Side ; born in Limerick, Ireland ; he 
 was educated at the Ecclesiastical Semin- 
 ary of Dublin, and at the celebrated Col- 
 lege of Propaganda, Rome ; the degree of 
 Doctor of Divinity was conferred in the 
 city ot Rome, in 1856 ; when he came to 
 this country he was for a time First Sec- 
 retary to the Rt. Rev. Bishop Duggan, in 
 Chicago; when the war broke out. Dr. 
 Butler took a decided stand in favor of 
 the national cause and became Chaplain 
 of the Irish Brigade,and shared all its dan- 
 gers and privations; as a scholar and 
 thinker, he ranks among the most emi- 
 nent of Europe and America ; as an ora- 
 tor, he stands among the first; in addition 
 to his fine scholarship and extended learn 
 ing, he is a man of extraordinary musical 
 ability and attainments, while in Rome 
 being a member of the Pope's choir. 
 
 Butler T. M. circuit clerk and recorder ; r 
 1018 W. State. 
 
 Butterworth C. W. at gas works ; bds 122 S. 
 Second ; e s. 
 
 BrXTERWORTH THOS. Sole 
 owner of the Rockford Gas Works ; resi- 
 dence 203 N. Main St., West Side ; born in 
 Manchester, Eng., Sept. 6, 1827 ; came to 
 this country Dec. 25, 1848; landed at New 
 Oi'leans ; in 1849 he located at Cincinnati, 
 O.; engaged in the gas business there 
 until he moved to Rockford, in 1857 ; mar- 
 ried Alice Winstanley, Dec. 26, 1846; she 
 was born in Manchester, Eng.; they have 
 seven children living; lost three. 
 
 Buxton G. S. watches and jewelry, opp 
 court-house, W. State ; r over 509 W. State. 
 
 Byers E. C. restaurant, over 213 W. State ; r 
 506 W. State. 
 
 Bj'ers Jno. carp ; r 1014 Crosby ; e s. ' 
 
 Byrnes Pat'k, lab; r N., n N. Main; e s. 
 
 C ADMAN A. baker; r cor Blake and 
 Ferguson ; s s. 
 Cahoon Henry, r 1009 East ; s s. 
 Calkins A. W. elk; rooms 810 S. Main; s s. 
 Calkins Chas. B. r 203 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 Calkins F. printer Gazette office ; r 203 S. 4th. 
 Calkins M.A. merchant; bds 901 S.Main; s s. 
 Calkins M. T. stove polish ; bds. C. I. Henry. 
 Calkins W. L. employe tack factory; r cor 
 
 Morgan and River. 
 Callahan Michael, r 905 Rockton av. 
 Calleuder A. J. carp ; r over 302 E. State. . 
 
 Call A.Y.farm; r 1201 Ferguson,cor Loomis. | 
 Call C. F. mechanic ; r 1205 Ferguson ; s s. 
 Call I. R. farm; r 1201 Ferguson, cor Loomis. 
 Calligan Andrew, bds cor 2d and Market. 
 Cameron A. blacksmith; r 115-117 S. First. 
 Cameron Andrew, r 719 N. Main; es. 
 Campbell Abel, r 305 N. Third. 
 Campbell A. K. pumps ; r 1204 Second av. 
 Campbell B.F. carp; r 505 N. Third; e s. 
 Campbell — , constable; room over 119 S. 
 
 Main ; w s. 
 Cammann F. W. elk; r 517 N. Church. 
 Cantine Rev. R. S. pastor S. R. M.E. Church ; 
 
 r 1014 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 Carleton I. r 1302 E. State. 
 Carlin John, lab; r rear 308 N. Avon. 
 Carlin Patrick, r rear 308 N. Avon. 
 Carlin Thos. lab; r rear 308 N. Avon. 
 Carlin Wm. lab; r rear 308 N. Avon. 
 Carlson Ludwick, lab; r 607 S. Fifth. 
 Carlson Wickture, r 904 Kisbwaukee; e s. 
 Carlson C. G. r S. Fifth, n Gregory. 
 Carlson A. r 508 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 Carmichael J. elk ; r 810 First av. 
 Carney Peter, fireman ; r 704 Maple. 
 Carpenter D. H. r 404 N. Winnebago; w s. 
 
ROCKFORD CITY. 
 
 471 
 
 Carpenter Eben. carp ; 805 Cunningham ; s s. 
 Carpenter E. C. cabinet mkr ; r S. Ninth ; W A. 
 Carpenter H. W. r 204 W. State. 
 Carpenter J. C. employe Graham & Co. ; r 
 
 1104 S. Main; s s. 
 Carpenter Monroe, carp ; r 506 Catlin. 
 
 CARPEJfTER MURRAY M. 
 
 Dealer in Boots and Shoes, Rubber Cloth- 
 ing, Belting, Hose, Packing, Tubing, and 
 Enameled Carriage and Table Cloths, 204 
 W. State St.; residence cor. Church and 
 Park sts. ; born in Phoenix, N. Y., Aug. 7, 
 1847; removed with his parents to Clinton 
 Junction, Wis., in 1856; lived there until 
 
 1866, when they went to Saugatuck, Alle- 
 gan' Co., Mich., and resided there until 
 
 1867, when he came to Rockford ; he has 
 been engaged in present business since 
 March, 1871 ; married Lena Cammann, 
 March 2, 1875 ; she was born in Rockford ; 
 she is an Episcopalian; Mr. Carpenter is 
 a Baptist. 
 
 Carpenter R. cabinet-maker ; S. Ninth ; W. A. 
 Carratt Henry, r 724 North ; e s. 
 Carratt James, lab ; r 601 Longwood ; e s. 
 Carratt Thos. gardener ; r 601 Longwood ; e s. 
 Carrico Frank K. r 907 Pecatonica. 
 Carrico T. W. r. 907 Pecatonica. 
 Carroll Patrick, lab; r 1101 Fifth av. 
 Carr Frank, lab ; r neai' foot bridge. 
 Carson James H. r cor Blake and Corbin. 
 Carter John M. r 1001 Corbin; s s. 
 Carter Linn, r 909 Crosby ; e s. 
 Carter W. M. employe N. C. Thompson ; r 
 
 1001 Corbin. 
 Carter Wm. r 1001 Corbin. 
 Cary Julius, r 1204 Montague ;',w s. 
 Case Wilson C. carp ; bds City Hotel. 
 Cash Frank, lab ; r 504 Longwood. 
 Castner David, machinist ; r 409 S. Main ; w s. 
 Castner Theodore, r 409 S. Main ; w s. 
 Catlin Dr. A. M. physician; r 401 Gregory. 
 Catlin F. H. grocer; r 911 First av; e s. 
 Caulfield Timothy, lab; r 818 Benton; e s. 
 Caul(^uist John A. employe Johnson & Miu- 
 
 zinger; r 111 S. Main; e s. 
 Cavanaugh Chas. blacksmith ; r 806 Fifth av. 
 Cavanaugh John, soap maker ; r 806 Fifth av. 
 Cavanaugh Matthew, lab; r 917 Pecatonica. 
 Cavanaugh Wm. blacksmith ; r 806 Fifth av. 
 Cavel Walter, elk; r 209 S. West; w s. 
 Chadwick Reuben, carp; r 305 Court; e s. 
 Chadwiclv Willis, r 305 Court; e s. 
 Challander R. J. bds 408 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 Chalmers Robt. r 912 Rock; s s. 
 Chalmers Wm. bolt-maker ; r 201 Kent ; s s. 
 Chamberlain A. A. employe J. B. Marsh & 
 
 Co. ; r 806 Crosby. 
 
 Chamberlin Chas. r 104 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Chamberlin Fred, r 106 S. Eighth ; e s. 
 
 Chamberlin G. r 912 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Chamberlin W. A. farm ; r 106 S. Eighth ; e s. 
 
 Chamberlin Wallace, r 106 S. Eighth ; e s. 
 
 Chambers E. driver; r Rockton av. 
 
 Chambers M.emp Lawshee ; r 704 Rockton av. 
 
 Champ E. machinist; r 708 N. First; e s. 
 
 Champ Fred, moulder; r 70S N. First; e s. 
 
 Champ Geo. moulder ; r 708 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Chandler Clarence, r 610 S. Sixth. 
 
 Chandler C. R. trav agt; r 714 Elm. 
 
 Chandler D. C. merchant police; r 309 N. 
 Third; es. 
 
 Chandler E. C. r 611 East. 
 
 Chandler E.D. Bible publisher ; bds 302 S. 
 First; e s. 
 
 Chandler Rev. E. K. pastor State street Bap- 
 tist Church ; r 1308 E. State. 
 
 Chandler Henr>' C. r 714 Elm. 
 
 Chandler Isaac, painter ; r Wall, n 8. Main. 
 
 CHAWEY OSRORN, Lumber Deal- 
 er; yard corner First avenue and Kish- 
 waukee street; residence 203 North Sec- 
 ond street; born in Harrison Co., Va., 
 March 31, 1818; was a resident of Green 
 Co., Ohio, four years, and came to Bureau 
 Co., 111., in July, 1835; remained there six 
 months, and in December, 1835, went to 
 Galena, where he resided eighteen months, 
 when he returned to Bureau Co., and staid 
 six months longer, at which time he re- 
 moved to what is now White Rock Tp., 
 Ogle Co., in 1838; engaged in farming 
 there, and continued at that business until 
 he removed' to Rockford, in August, 1864; 
 during his residence in White Rock Tp. 
 he was for four years Constable, Justice of 
 the Peace four years. Assessor eight years. 
 Supervisor two or three terms, and School 
 Director almost continuously during his 
 residence there; married Amanda Rice, 
 March 16, 1843; she was born in Ellicott- 
 ville, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., March 24, 
 1820; they have seven children, all born 
 in Ogle Co., Louise A., Edward O., Alice 
 A., iVIary E., George W., Morris J., and 
 Harry E. ; lost onedaughter, Harriet E., 
 who died July 17, 1862, aged 8 years and 3 
 months. 
 
 Chaney Ralph, r 907 Third av. 
 
 Chancy S. L. book-keeper ; bds 907 Third av. 
 
 Chaney R. general insurance agent; r 205 N. 
 Second ; e s. 
 
 Chaney S. P. grocer; r 122 S. Second. 
 
 Chapin E. watchmaker; bds Am'n House. 
 
 Chapman B. C. watchmkr ; r 401 S.Main ; e s. 
 
 Chapman Geo. r 206 Kent; s s. 
 
 Chapman Wm. C. bds 507 E. Seminaiy; e s. 
 
 Charlton G. W. painter; r 917 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Charlton J. G. switchman ; bds O. Monroe. 
 
472 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Charlton Thomas, tailor; r 917 Crosby; e s. 
 Charlton Thomas, r 917 Crosby ; e s. 
 Chase Chas. B. photographer; bds Holland 
 
 House. 
 Chatelain E. watchmkr; bds 203 N. 3d; e s. 
 Checkfield Geo. peddler for Myers & Lowis. 
 Cheney Frank A. restaurant, 506 W. State. 
 Cheney Franklin, r 308 S. Main ; w s. 
 Cheney Geo. B. bds Hardy's Hotel. 
 Chick James, carp ; r 105 S. Eighth ; e s. 
 
 CHICK JOHX G, Proprietor of the 
 Lower Flouring Mill, on water power, 
 East Side, formerly known as the Bartlett 
 Mill; residence 407 South Church street; 
 born in England, Nov. 13, 1833 ; came to 
 N. Y. State in 1850; went to Canada in 
 1851, and removed to Rockfbrd in April, 
 1854. 
 
 Childs Martin L. employe Cbilds & Mer- 
 rick; bds 113 N. Winnebago; w s. 
 
 Childs E. B. r 113 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Chinquist Chas. tailor; r 509 S. First; e s. 
 
 Chisholm John, cigars, etc. ; r 416 S. Main. 
 
 Christianson Claus, elk ; r 505 S. Fifth. 
 
 Christianson Chas. lab; r 508 Union; e s. 
 
 Church A. L. bds 1104 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Church E. L. inventor; bds Hardy's Hotel. 
 
 CHURCH HOI¥. NEIiDS^ M. 
 
 Capitalist; residence on South Avon St., 
 corner Cedar; born in East Haddam, Ct., 
 March 4. 1804 ; his father moved to Mon- 
 roe Co., N. Y., in 1804 ; engaged in farm- 
 ing most of the time until 1838; taught 
 school in Cincinnati Public School in 
 1838 ; one of the first teachers of that city 
 after establishment of the public school 
 system ; returned to Rochester, N. Y., and 
 engaged in mercantile business, which he 
 continued until 1835, when he sold out 
 and came to Geneva, 111., where he re- 
 mained one year, and then moved to 
 Rockford, in the fall of 1836 ; for about a 
 year he was engaged in getting out logs 
 and disposing of them to the mill men ; 
 then he commenced to clerk for Germani- 
 cus Kent, and continued with him until 
 1839; in 1840, he was appointed Post- 
 Master; having been previously appointed 
 County Clerk7 in 1839; served as P. M. 
 until 1843, and continued as County Clerk 
 until 1847; in 1847, he was elected a mem- 
 ber of the Constitutional Convention ; in 
 1849, he was elected County Judge, and 
 held that office continuously for two 
 terms of four years each ; was member of 
 the Illinois General Assembly session of 
 1861 and 1863; was Supervisor of Rock- 
 ford Tp. eight or ten years, serving during 
 the entire duration of the rebellion ; mar- 
 ried Permelia Stevens, in January, 1831 ; 
 she was born in Mass.; died in August, 
 1833; they had one child, which died in 
 infancy; present wife was Mrs. Mary 
 Preston; she was tjprn in Maiqe; they 
 
 have one daughter, Catherine M., now 
 Mrs. Theo. A. Keeler, of Bridgeport, Ct. ; 
 Judge Church is President of the Rock- 
 ford Insurance Company. 
 
 Church Ulysses F. r Avon, cor Cedar ; w s. 
 
 Churchill Wm. L. r 718 N. First; e s. 
 
 Churchill Lemuel, r 409 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Ciegler J. cigar maker; r 704 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Ciser Wm. H. carp; r 504 S. Main. 
 
 Clancey James, mechanic; r 903 Benton; es. 
 
 Clarke A. pleasure boats; r 903 River; s s. 
 
 Clarke B. F. machinist; r 1311 S. Main; s s. 
 
 CliARKE HARRISOX, Watch- 
 maker, of the firm of Clarke & Orvis, 
 Manufacturing Jewelers and Watch- 
 makers, 408 E. State st. ; born in Rome, 
 Oneida Co., N. Y., Aug. 30, 1840; came to 
 Rockford Aug. 34, 1875; he resided in 
 Freeport 13 years before coming here; 
 married Nancy A. Richardson, Jan. 3, 
 1865; she was born in Ohio, March 39, 
 1844; they have two children living, Clar- 
 abelle and Caroline E. ; lost two sons ; Mr. 
 Clarke is an Adventist; the firm of Clarke 
 & Orvis do all kinds of first-class work, 
 repairing, etc. 
 
 Clarke Henry, bookbinder Oazette office; 
 bds over 513 E. State. 
 
 CL.ARKE ORIiAJfDO, Manufac- 
 turer of Hot Water Heating Apparatus, 
 Well Drilling Machinery, etc.; general 
 jobbing done. Tinker's Building, on water 
 power ; residence S. Main st., Soutli Side, 
 near city limits; Mr. Clarke was born in 
 Brookfield, N. Y., Dec. 13, 1833 ; came to 
 111. in 1844; came to Rockford, in June, 
 1847; established Iron Works here in 
 that year, manufacturing mill machinery 
 and doing general machine work; in 
 1853, he entered into partnership with 
 Isaac Utter, and they continued together 
 until Oct., 1876, "when they dissolved. 
 
 Clarke Wm. carp ; r 903 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Clark C. M. stereoscopic views ; r 408 N. 4th. 
 
 Clark Cyrus P. emp Brown & Pfanstiel ; r 
 S. Water, stone row. 
 
 Clark H. G. notions, etc. ; r 403 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Clark H. C. merchant police e s ; r 503 E 
 Seminary. 
 
 Clark James, r 503 E. Seminary. 
 
 Clark J. H. stereoscopic views; r 410 N. 4th. 
 
 Clark J. L. hardware; r 305 N. Second. 
 
 Clark Jerome, bds 306 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 Clark John, watchmaker. 
 
 Clark J. M. emp C. & U. ; r over 331 E State. 
 
 Clark J. W. carp; bds Hardy, rooms 407 
 Mulberry. 
 
 Clark J. S. watchmaker; r 803 Rock; s s. 
 
 CLARK I.UCIUS & D. SEL- 
 
 liVYX, Physicians and Surgeons, office 
 303 Oak St., East Side ; Lucius Clark was 
 bori) at Amherst, Mass., June 10, 1813; 
 
ROCKFORD CITT. 
 
 473 
 
 came to Rockford in 1845; married Julia 
 A. Adams, of Hinsdale, Mass., May 26, 
 1836; she died June 16, 1861; two chil- 
 dren now living, by this marriage. Dexter 
 Selwyn and Lucius Armor; present wife 
 was Charlotte M. Townsend ; married in 
 Rockford, April 13, 1864; they have two 
 (•hildren, Mabel and Eva; the Doctor 
 graduated from Geneva (N. Y.) Medical 
 College, class of 1835; he is a member of 
 the State Medical Society; has been a 
 member of the Board of Trustees of 
 Rockford Female Seminary since its or- 
 ganization until last year, when he re- 
 signed, and hisscm, D. Selwyn, was elected 
 to fill his place; the Doctor resides at 
 302 S. Main st. East Side; D. Selwyn 
 Clark was born in Chili, Monroe Co., 
 N. Y., Jan. 10, 1839; came to Rockford in 
 1845; married Eva F. Townsend, April 
 11, 1873; she was born in Springfield, 
 Erie Co., Pa.; they have two children. 
 Faith B. and one infant son ; D. Selwyn is 
 a graduate of the College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, N. Y. City, class of 1865 ; 
 during the war of the Rebellion he served 
 iis Assistant Surgeon of the 25th Regt. 
 I. V. I., and as Surgeon of the same Regt., 
 having passed the required examination 
 before graduation. 
 
 Clark Norman, ins. agt. ; r 1012^ E. State. 
 
 Clark Robert, lab ; r 502 Kent ; s s. 
 
 Clark T. M. physician; r 108 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Clark Wesley D. baker; r 710 Elm. 
 
 CliARK W. S. Portrait, Landscape, 
 and General Business Photographer; stu- 
 dio, 121 W. State st. ; residence, 604 Oak 
 St. ; born in New Milford, this Co., Jan. 1, 
 1853; married Sarah E. Lake; she was 
 bora in Rockford. 
 
 Clark Wm. A. lab; r 714 North ; e s. 
 
 Clark J. W. carp ; bds Hardy's. 
 
 Clark — — , watchmaker; bds Kent, bet S. 
 Church and Main. 
 
 Clay Andrew, lab ; r 509 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Clay J. trav agt N. C. Thompson. 
 
 Clayton Anson, r 409 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Cleaveland Eli T. hardware ; r 710 Seminary. 
 
 Cleaves A.H. watchmaker; r 309 Kiswaukee. 
 
 Cles Frank, bds 117 N. First; e s. 
 
 Clifford John, elk; r 1015 W. State. 
 
 Clifford M. groceries 314 E. State ; r same. 
 
 Coakley S. G. cigarmaker ; r — Kishwaukee. 
 
 Coan Michael, emp H. W. Price ; r same. 
 
 Coburn S. G. boots and shoes 330 E. State; 
 bds City Hotel. 
 
 COFFEY JFRFIfllAH T. Dealer 
 in Millinery, Fancy Dry Goods, Hats, 
 Caps and Notions, 310 E. State st. ; resi- 
 dence 110 N. First St.; born in England; 
 came to Manchester, N. H., in 1853 ; re- 
 moved to Rockford in 1864 ; has been en- 
 gaged in mercantile business all the time 
 
 since he came here; his first wife was 
 Mary Ann Hart; she died Oct. 14, 1874; 
 they had four children ; two daughters are 
 still living; lost one son and one daugh- 
 ter; present wife was Eliza O'Brien; 
 they have one child, a son; Mr. Coffey is a 
 member of the Catholic Church; his wife 
 is an Episcopalian. 
 
 Cogswell L. D. r 301 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Colahau Michael, lab ; r 306 Prairie ; e s. 
 
 Colby Chas. A. r 111 S. First; e s. 
 
 Colby T. I. blacksmith, N. Main ; e s ; r 403 
 N. Third. 
 
 Colberg A. C. blacksmith ; r 1008 6th av; es. 
 Colbert John, lab; r head of George. 
 Colburn Wm. walchmkr ; bds 203 N.Second . 
 Cole J. J. stencil cutter, 217 E. State; r 104 
 S. Fifth. 
 
 COLE THOS. \V. County Treasurer; 
 office County Building; residence 308 
 Horsman st. ; born in N. Y. city, Nov. 9, 
 1838; came to this Co. in 1840; married 
 Alice Mentzer; they have two children, 
 Fiauk C. and Wm. J. ; Mr. Cole enlisted 
 in Co. D, 11th I.V.I, (three months regt.), 
 April 25, 1861 ; re-enlisted July 20, 1863, 
 
 in Co. D, I.V.I. ; served three years; 
 
 lost right arm at Reseca, Ga.,May 14,1864; 
 he was Collector of Rockford Tp. for two 
 years, 1870 and 1871, serving three terms as 
 County Treasurer; elected first in Novem- 
 ber, 1871. 
 
 COL.E WM. J. Retired Farmer; res- 
 idence Main st., South Side, near city 
 limits; born in Westfield, Richmond Co., 
 N. Y., Aug. 30, 1805 ; when 17 years of 
 age, commenced to serve as carpenter's ap- 
 prentice, in Bridgetown, N. J., and con- 
 tinued there until 21 years of age, when he 
 went to N. Y. city, and remained there 
 until he removed to Winnebago Co., in 
 1839; he took up a farm of 2i5 acres in 
 what is now Winnebago Tp., on Sees. 23 
 and 14, his residence being on Sec. 23; he 
 removed to Rockford in 1849, and has 
 worked at his trade and engaged in farm- 
 ing pursuits since; married Mary Goods- 
 man, Oct. 4, 1830 ; she was born in N. Y. 
 city, Dec. 20. 1809; they liave two chil- 
 dren, Ann Elizabeth, now Mrs. Geo. A. 
 Hawks, born July 18, 1832; and Thos W., 
 Nov. 9, 1838. 
 
 Coleman Chas. r 532 N. Church. 
 
 Coleman J. S. salesman ; r 508 Pleasant. 
 
 Coligan Jas. lab; r 506 Market. 
 
 Coligan J. J. sewing machines; r 793 Win- 
 nebago ; w s. 
 
 Coller John B. r 605 W. State. 
 
 Collins Anthony, r 410 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Collins Chas. barber, 403 E. State. 
 
 Collins D. watch factory ; r 308 Walnut ; e s. 
 
 Colson A. gardener; r 718 N. Churclj; w s, 
 
 Oolson — , r 309 8. Seventlj. 
 
474 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNIT DIBEOTORT: 
 
 COIiTOI^I AlISTIJf, Farmer; resi- 
 dence 305 Mulberry st. ; born in North- 
 ampton, Hampshire Co., Mass., Jan. 30, 
 1817 ; he is a descendent of the sixth gen- 
 eration from Georse Colton, who came 
 from England about the year 1650 ; after 
 serving a seven years' apprenticeship with 
 the Massachusetts Spy, a weekly patriotic 
 paper established before the Revolution, 
 lie attained his majority and was honora- 
 bly graduated ; he spent two years work- 
 ing as a journeyman printer, in Worces- 
 ter, Mass., and sundry offices in N. Y. 
 city, among the principal of which was 
 Harper's book establishment; he came to 
 Rockford in May, 1839 ; was for four years 
 thereafter engaged in farming pursuits; in 
 1843 he became connected with theWmne- 
 bago Forum, remaining at his post as edi- 
 tor and publisher about eleven years; 
 since his marriage. May 39, 1856, to Har- 
 riet S. Fowler, only daughter of Royal S. 
 Fowler, of Westtield, Mass., he has promi- 
 nently identified himself with farming 
 pursuits; he has three sons and one 
 daughter livmg: Albert L., A. Lincoln, 
 Miriam M. and Royal F. ; lost four infant 
 children ; Mrs. Colton is a member of the 
 Second Congregational Church. 
 
 Colton Albert L. r 305 Mulberry. 
 
 Colwell Alfred, r 409 Catlin. 
 
 Come Jno. book binder; r 503 E. State. 
 
 Conaughy F. elk; bds 803 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Conaughy T. shoemkr; r 802 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Condon Jno. watchman; r w E. Chestnut. 
 
 Condon Jno., Jr. r w E. Chestnut. 
 
 Condon Thos. lab; r 701 Wall. 
 
 Congdon Thos. machinist ; r 508 N. 3d ; e s. 
 
 Conick W. G. conductor; r 114 N. First; e s. 
 
 ConklingE. K.bkpr; r 519 N. Church; w s. 
 
 ConklingH. M. elk; r 519 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Conners Jas. lab; r 703 S. Fifth. 
 
 Connors Jas. lab; r 739 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Connors Jno. lab ; r 113 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Connors Michael, r 739 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Connors Michael,engineer; r 1013 Rock; s s. 
 
 Connolly Jas. r 609 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Connolly M. J. printer; r 009 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Connolly Peter, lab ; r 609 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Converse H. elk ; bds 303 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Conway Micliael, lab ; r 916 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Conway Patrick, r 916 Crosby ; e s. 
 
 Conyne G. W. machinist; r Montague, n S. 
 Main. 
 
 CookE. O. artist; r 502 N. Second; e s. 
 
 Cook J. Frank, r 610 Cunningham ;s s. 
 
 Cook Jos. lab; r Knowlton, bet Main and 
 Church ; s s. 
 
 Cook Nathan H. r 1303 Charles; e s. 
 
 COOK REUBEN, Carpenter, Con- 
 tractor and Builder, cor. Court and Green 
 
 sts. ; residence 610*Cunningham st. ; South 
 Side; born in Provincetown, Mass. Oct. 
 10, 1833; came to Rockford in Oct., 1867; 
 married Sarah A. Flanders, in Boston, 
 May 4, 1856 ; she was born in Gilmanton, 
 N. H., June 33, 1837 ; they have four chil- 
 dren, Frank J., born Aug. 11, 1857 ; Wm. 
 H., Jan. 38, 1859; Ada Florentina, May 7, 
 1854; Nellie F., Feb. 11, 1866; Mr. and 
 Mrs. Cook are members of the South 
 Rockford Methodist Episcopal Church. 
 
 COOK MRS. C. A. Alil^lS, Prin 
 cipal of Allis' Commercial College and 
 Institute of Penmanship, Andrus' Build- 
 ing, 333 and 325 West State st. ; this col- 
 lege was established in 1866, and is largely 
 patronized by those desiring a thorough 
 business education ; she was born in Choi- 
 ester, Vt. ; came to Rockfoi'd from Pa., 
 in 1866; Mrs. Cook|s husband, Jas. H. 
 Cook, was engaged in the lumber business 
 for several years ; he is now President of 
 the Commercial College; they were mar- 
 ried Oct. 8, 1875 ; he was born in New 
 Marble, Berkshire Co., Mass.; Mr. and 
 Mrs. Cook are members of the Second 
 Congregational Church. 
 
 Cook J. H. prop. Allis' commercial college, 
 over 335 W. State. 
 
 Cook 8. blacksmith ; bds 407 S. Wmnebago. 
 
 Cook W. ins agt ; bds 1203 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Cook Wm. H. elk ; r 610 Cunningham. 
 
 Cooling T. blacksmith ; r 407 Morgan ; s s. 
 
 Coombes John B. r 903 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Coonradt A. elk ; bds 308 N. First. 
 
 Coonradt D. r rear 507 Kishwaukee; e s. 
 
 Coonradt D. S. mechanic; r 509 >^ E. Semi- 
 nary ; e s. 
 
 Coonradt Israel, r 1010 S. Third; e s. 
 
 Coonradt Levi C. carp; r 510 E. Seminary. 
 
 Coonradt P. A. r 308 N. First; e s. 
 
 Cooper David T. r 114 N. Winnebago; w s. 
 
 (.'ooper J. J. barber, 403 E. State ; r 306 S. 
 First ; e s. 
 
 COOP JOHl!^ O. Machmist with Em- 
 erson, Talcott & Co. ; resides at 809 Rock 
 St.; born in Oldham, Lancashire Co., Eng., 
 Jan. 14, 1839; came to Rockford in April, 
 1868 ; he has worked at machinery busi- 
 ness since he was sixteen years of age; 
 his special work now is Iron Pattern 
 Work ; he is a member of the Episcopal 
 Church ; he is also a member of the E. F. 
 W., Ellis Lodge No. 633 A. F. and A. M., 
 and Winnebago Chapter, No. 34. 
 
 Cope Warren F. lab ; r 804 Horsman ; w s. 
 
 Cope , r W. State, near limits. 
 
 Copeland J. ins agt; bds 907 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Copeland G. law student; r907 N. Court ;ws. 
 
 Coppins E. C. miller; bds 605 Lougwood. 
 
 Coppins Wm. J. r 605 Longwood; c s. 
 
 Corcoran B. boots and shoes, 431 E. State ; r 
 North Church. 
 
ROOKFORD CITY. 
 
 476 
 
 Corcoran John, lab ; r North, e of Summit. 
 Corcoran James, lab ; r 908 Crosby. 
 Corcoran Patrick, lab; r 706 N. Main; e s. 
 Cordingley J. T. lab; r 1109 S. Church; s s. 
 Cormack David, engineer; r 403 S. West. 
 Cormack G. H. oat-meal; bds White's Hotel. 
 Cornelius James, cigar maker; bds Forest 
 
 City House. 
 Cornelius S. A. cigar maker; bds Forest City 
 
 House. 
 Cornell Morton, r 705 Elm. 
 Cosper Elias, Secy and Treas Rockford Tack 
 
 Co ; r 6th house'n of bridge, N. Second ; e s. 
 Cosper H. E. cik; r 1034 Mulberry; w s. 
 Costello Thomas, lab; r 911 South. 
 
 C«TTO:sr HORACE W. Druggist, 
 412 E. State st.; boards at 202 N. Second 
 St. ; born in Taylor, Cortland ^Co., N. Y., 
 Oct. 31, 1842; came to Rockford in July, 
 1873; married Nannie Brunton, Nov. 13, 
 1867 ; she was born in Ohio ; they have one 
 child, Charles W., born March 37, 1871; 
 Mr. Cotton served three years in Co. B, 
 76th N. Y. V. I. ; was wounded and taken 
 prisoner at the battle of the Wilderness, 
 but was exchanged about two weeks after 
 Ills capture; he is a member of Rockford 
 Lodge, No. 102, A. F. and A. M.; Social 
 Lodge, No. 140, I. O. O. F., and Reaper 
 City Lodge, No. 36, A. O. U. W. 
 
 Cotton R. H. r 531 W. State. 
 
 Coughtry Nathan, r 1217 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 
 Covin Wm. paper mkr; r 1102 East; s s. 
 
 Covin E. D. millwright; r 1103 East; s s. 
 
 Cowles Daniel, blacksmith ; r 401 East ; e s. 
 
 Cowles F. M. law student; bds 115 N. 1st ; e s. 
 
 Cowles James C. r 302 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Cox Henry, r 602 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 
 Cox James J. miller; r 408 S. First; e s. 
 
 COX JOSEPH, Proprietor of the For- 
 est City Flouring Mill, on Water Power, 
 East Side; residence 408 S. First St., East 
 Side; bora in England, April 13, 1828; 
 came to Rockford, Sept., lt>54; married 
 Jane B. V. Jones, May 5, 1853; she was 
 born in England; they have four children: 
 James J., Tom G., Sarah A. and Louisa. 
 
 Cox Wm. r Lee, cor School. 
 
 COY ROBERT E. Of the firm of 
 Richardson & Coy, Lumber Dealers ; Yard 
 and Office, 4015 Main st. ; Mr. Coy resides 
 at 504 S. Second st., East Side; he was 
 born in Guilford Tp., this Co., July 10, 
 1848; he is a son of Wm. Coy, now living 
 in that township, and one of the early set- 
 tlers of this Co., having come to this Co. 
 May 31, 1845. 
 
 Coyne John, lab ; r 806 Corbin ; s s. 
 
 Cozine H. B. machinist; r 108 N. Fifth; e s. 
 
 Craddick Michael, gardener; r 708 Horsman. 
 
 Cradick Patrick ; lab ; r 203 Fourth av. 
 
 Craig John W. r 803 N. Church; w s. 
 Craig Wm. lab; r 915 Pecatonica. 
 Crail Chas. C. carp ; r 207 S. Winnebago. 
 Cram O. W. carp; r 409 N. Third; e s. 
 Crandall A. D. cooper; r S. Eleventh bet 
 
 Tenth and Eleventh avs; W. A. 
 Crandall A. N. carp; r 309 N. Avon. 
 Crandall Chas. F. watchman; r out of town. 
 Crandall Mrs. Daniel, r 406 S. First ; e s. 
 Crandall Lewis B. bds 414 N. Main; w s. 
 
 CRAXDAL.L, Ot-IVER A. Manu- 
 facturer of all kinds of Coo|)erage ; Factory 
 on Water Power, lear of T. Dervvent & 
 Sons' mill ; residence 404 N. Winnebago 
 St. ; born in Penfield, Monroe Co., N. Y., 
 Dec. 31, 1837 ; came to Beloit, Wis., in 
 1845; came to Rockford in 1865; married 
 Sarah F. Carpenter at Rocktou, this Co., 
 Jan. 19, 1847 ; she was born in Troy, N. Y. ; 
 they have one child. 
 
 Cranny Jno. cigar maker; r 330 S. Wyman. 
 Crawford Henry, r 303 N. First; w s. 
 Crawford M.S. carp; bds 610 Mulberry; ws. 
 Crawford Peter S. r 303 N. First ; e s. 
 
 CRAWFORD RICHARD F. At^ 
 
 torney and Counsellor at Law; office 339 
 E. State St., over Thompson's Bank; resi- 
 dence 710 Benton st. ; East Side. 
 
 Crawford S. P. wire works; r 403 Horsman. 
 
 Creagan Lawrence, cooper; r 1309 Third av. 
 
 Creagin Mich, cooper; r 313 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Creagin Patrick r 313 S. Water ; e s. 
 
 Creany Jno. W. carp ; bds 506 W. State. 
 
 Creany M. A. carp: room 407 Mulberry; w s. 
 
 Creany M. A. carp ; bds 506 W. State. 
 
 Creveling H. shoemkr: r 303 8. Winnebago. 
 
 Cress H. S. bds O. Monroe. 
 
 Crews Rev. H. pastor M. E. church ; r 209 
 S. Second ; e s. 
 
 Crill A. stock yard ; r 403 N.Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 Crill Henry, r 503 Gregory ; e s. 
 
 Critzmaun Geo. r 1005 Horsman. 
 
 CROOK wm. T. Manufacturer of 
 all kinds of Wooden and Iron Pumps, 
 and the celebrated Webster Wind Mill, 
 301 East State st. ; born in Ogdensburg, N. 
 Y., March 8, 1850; came to Rockford in 
 Aug., 1871. 
 
 Cross Chas. S. r 608 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Cross Chas. H. r 608 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Cross E. S. bds Holland House. 
 
 Cross J. B. patent rights ; r 334 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Crotty Wm. saloon; 413 E. State; r same. 
 
 Crowell E. gardener; r 1010 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 Crowley Jno. lab ; r 503 S. Wyman. 
 
 Crowley Thos. M. carp; r805 S. West; s s. 
 
 Cruninger Frank, soap maker ; r Sixth. 
 
 Cummings S.A. paper mkr ; r 605 Montague. 
 
4t6 
 
 Winnebago county dikectort; 
 
 Cunaingham Barney, lab; r 404 S. Court. 
 Ci.iiiaiao;ham H. lumber; r 310 Cedar ;w s. 
 Cunningham Jas. J. employe A. Vanlnwag- 
 
 en; bds 404 S. Court; w s. 
 Cunningham Jno. lab; r 404 S. Court. 
 Cunningham Thos., jr. r Rock cor Knowlton. 
 Currier A. H. clerk; r 603 N. Main; e s. 
 Currier C. J. clerk; r 603 N. Main; e s. 
 Currier E.W.photographs ; r 603 N.Main ; e s. 
 Curry J. P. trunk maker ; r 403 S. Fourth. 
 Curtis Edward, teacher ; r 606 S. Third ; e s. 
 Curtis E. F. r 809 N. Court; w s. 
 Curtis Col.Norman,r 714 N.Winnebago ; ws. 
 Curtis Rev. Wm. S. r 606 S. Third ; e s. 
 Curtis T. Z. bds Forest City House. 
 Cutting Guy H. r 304 N. Avon. 
 
 DAG WELL C. H. C. harness maker, 425 
 W. State; r 1007 S. West; s s. 
 
 Dahlquist Axell, painter; r 1013 Sixth av. 
 
 Dain Harry, basket maker; r 313 S.Wyman. 
 
 Dale Wm. C. painter; r 404 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Dales Ralph E. r 901 S. Winnebago ; s s. 
 
 Dales Wm. r 901 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 
 Dalton Michael, lab; r 414 S. Wyman. 
 
 Dalton Michael, Jr. lab; r 414 S. Wyman. 
 
 DAL.Y THOS. Blacksmith, 403 Elm 
 St., cor. Church; residence 304 S. Winne- 
 bago St; born in Ireland, May 21, 1849; 
 came to America in 1851; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1870; married Josie Anderson, 
 Aug. 19, 1873; she was born in Madison, 
 N. J.; they have two children, John and 
 Maggie J.; Mr. and Mrs. Daly are mem- 
 bers of the Catholic Church. 
 
 Dame Jas. asst. city marshal ; r 806 Peach. 
 
 Damon Wm. Henry, r 1104 Elm; w s. 
 
 Damon Willard, robms . 
 
 J)anaher Thos. emp R.R. ; r 802 Cedar. 
 
 Daniels W. A. carp ; r 309 Horsman. 
 
 Danielson Andrew, r Seminary, s of R.R. 
 
 Danielson John, lab; r 511 S. First; e s. 
 
 Danielson J. H. paper maker; bds 403 S. 
 Main; w s. 
 
 Darlin J. emp Thos. Scott; r N. Water; e s. 
 
 Darling H. O. mason; r N.Winnebago, near 
 
 Whitman. 
 Darrington G. tailor, 324 W. State ; r same. 
 Darroch Robt. B. r S. Ninth ; W. A. 
 Daugherty Jerry, r 804 Cedar. 
 Daugherty Wm. lab; r 804 Cedar; w s. 
 Davies I.N. supt. Rockford brusli company ; 
 
 r stone block. Cherry. 
 Davies W. R. brush mfg; r stone blk,Cherry. 
 Davis A. F. bds over 439 W. State. 
 Davis Ben. harnessmkr; r 1016 W. State. 
 Davis Edw H. r 617 N. Main; w s. 
 Davis Eugene, bds 504 E. Seminary. 
 
 Davis G. W. r 906 Kishwaukee. 
 
 DAVIS HORATIO A. Carpenter, 
 Contractor and Builder, 305 S. Church st. ; 
 residence 908 N. Court st. ; born in Spring- 
 tield, N. H., July 33, 1831 ; came to Rock- 
 ford Aug. 3, 1855 ; served apprenticeship 
 at his trade in Lowell, Mass.; first com- 
 menced work at his trade 37 years ago ; 
 married Katie Hitchings, April 10, 1851 ; 
 she was born in Nova Scotia, Sept. 17, 
 1830; they have five children, Clara E., 
 Ellen M., Laura A., Emma J. and Katie 
 L. ; they liave lost one daughter, Ida May; 
 Mr. Davis served one year in Co. B., 146th 
 I. V. I. 
 
 Davis I. F. printer Begister ; r 1110 E. State. 
 
 Davis John H ; r 613 Rural ; e s. 
 
 DAYTOi\ SIMON N. Physician and 
 Surgeon; office 132 S. Main St., West 
 Side; residence School st., near city lim- 
 its;] born in Hadley, Saratoga Co., N. Y., 
 April 39, 1833; remained there until 18 
 years of age, when he went to Boston, 
 where he attended school 4 years ; he com- 
 menced the practice of meilicine at Sara- 
 toga Springs, in 1850; in 1857 he removed 
 to Rockford; married Lj^dia Houghton, 
 about thirty years ago; she was also born 
 in Hadley; they have four sons, John 
 Franklin, Frederick C, Randolph T. and 
 Thaddeus Stevens ; Dr. Dayton is a son of 
 Telan and Lucinda Fletcher Dayton, who 
 are still living at Hadley (where his father 
 was born), at the advanced ages of 83 and 
 85 respectively. 
 
 Dayton Fred C. r 304 School. 
 
 Dayton T. R. r School, near limits. 
 
 Day Chas. E. elk; r 903 Cedar; w s. 
 
 Day Mark, farmer; r W. State, near limits. 
 
 Day Oscar, farmer ; r W. State, city limits. 
 
 Dean Walter, r 810 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Decamp J. F. machinist, 305 S. Main; w s; 
 r 906 E. State. 
 
 Dedrickson Aug. musical instruments. 111 
 W. State; r 131 N. Wyman. 
 
 DeForest E. F. ins agt ; r 1404 Third av. 
 
 DeForest Wm. H. carp ; r 1404 Third av. 
 
 DeForest Wm.H., Jr. r 505 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 DeFoe Edw. wagonmkr ; r 407 E. State. 
 
 DeFoe Fred S. r 111 S. Third. 
 
 Delaney W. S. carp; bds 308 Walnut; e s. 
 
 Deming A. C. r 433 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Deming Chas. J. r 309 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Deming O.E. harnessmaker ; r 309 N.Church. 
 
 Denman Stephen, blacksmith 113 S. Court; 
 r 1030 Mulberiy. 
 
 DEN'IlfETT ii^EOROE H. Dealer 
 in Dry Goods, 41u E. State st. ; residence 
 510 N. First st., East Side; born in 
 Rochester, N. H., May 8, 1827; came to 
 Rockford in February, 1855 ; married C. 
 M. Kelley, in December, 1853; she was 
 
ROCKFORD 
 
KOCKFOBO CITY. 
 
 479 
 
 born in Chichester, N. H. ; Mr. Dennett 
 has been engaged in the mercantile busi- 
 ness ever since he came to Rocliford. 
 
 Dennis C. E. elk; r 612 Mulberry. 
 
 Dennis Frank F. grocer; r 404 S. Third. 
 
 Dennis J. E. r 306 S. First; e s. 
 
 DEXIS'IS W. F. Retired; residence 
 204 S. Second st., East Side; born in 
 Ipswich, Essex Co., Mass., Aug. 31, 1804; 
 came to Rockford, March 12, 1837; first 
 wife was Sarali T. Brimmer; married in 
 Salem, Mass. ; she was born in Beverly, 
 Mass., and died December, 1848; one 
 child b}' this marriage, deceased; his 
 present wife was Miss x\bbie M. Leland; 
 married Feb. 5, 1850, at Stoughton, Dane 
 Co., Wis. ; she was born in Chester, Wind- 
 sor Co., Vt., Oct. 13, 1813; Mr. Dennis 
 was Sheriff of this Co. 
 
 Denton Delos H. r S. Main, nr limits ; w s. 
 
 Denton Homer, r 212 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Dermody J. gardener ; r 1408 Charles ; w s' 
 
 Derstine David W. r 1001 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Derstine S. moulder; r 1001 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Derwent Edmund, r 402 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Derwent E., jr., flour mill ; r 402 S. Church. 
 
 Derwent M.L.watchmkr ; r 310 S. Church ; e s. 
 
 DERIVEXT T. & SON, Dealers in 
 Flour, Mill P^eed, etc.. Manufacturers of 
 Patent Process Flour, "best in the market ;" 
 mill at the foot of Race's Water Power, 
 West Side. 
 
 Derwent T. flour mill ; r 310 S. Church. 
 
 Derwent T..J.sash,doors,blinds; r 312 S. Court. 
 
 DERWEEfT W. E. (T. Derwent & 
 Son) Flouring Mill foot of Race; resi- 
 dence 310 S. Church; born in Pecatonica, 
 this Co., Dec. 4, 1848. 
 
 Derwent Wm. miller; r 310 S. Church; w s. 
 
 Deuel John C. carp ; r 1005 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Devenport W.H.watchmkr; bds 807 W.State. 
 
 Dever James, r rear 408 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Dever Patrick, r rear 408 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Devine J.H. sash and blind mkr ;r 1010 River. 
 
 Devine Wm. E. painter; r 1010 River; s s. 
 
 Devlin Arthur, employe Manard Bros. 
 
 Devlin Arthur, r rear 408 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 Dexter John, r 311 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Deyo Abram, r 209 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 DICKERIVIAIS^ WORCESTER 
 
 A. General Insurance Agent, etc.. Room 
 1, Masonic Block, W. State st. ; residence 
 411 N. Main St. ; born in what was Lex- 
 ington, now called Jewett, Greene Co., 
 N. Y., Sept. 10, 1820; came to Rockford 
 in Sept., 1844; for several years he was 
 engaged in mercantile business in partner- 
 ship with G. A. Sanford ; for a number of 
 years in banking business; is now and 
 . has been Director of Second National 
 Bank since its organization; he was 
 
 appointed the first insurance agent in 
 Rockford; married Caroline M. Thomas, 
 (daughter of Dr. Alden Thomas, who came 
 here in 1839), Dec. 21, 1847; they have 
 two cliildren, Harry W. and Kate Eliza; 
 Mr. Dickerman was County Superintend- 
 ent of Schools two years and Assistant 
 Superintendent two years; he and his 
 wite are members of the Second Congre- 
 gational Church ; he has been one of the 
 Deacons of that church nearly the entire 
 time since the church was organized. 
 
 Dickerson Louis, bds 124 S. First; e s. 
 Dickinson Fred. W. r Corbiu near Loomis. 
 Dickinson H.G.machinist ; r 1203 S. West ; s s. 
 Dickinson W. watchman; rl203 S.West;s s. 
 Dickins Cicero, lab; r over 330 E. State. 
 Dickman C. blacksmith ; r 1005 Rock ; s s. 
 Diggins Wm. lab; r 606 N. Main; e s. 
 Diggins Thos. lab ; r 606 N. Main ; e s. 
 Dignan Pat. teamster; r 407 S. Horsman. 
 Dillay Dennis, janitor county jail. 
 Dillin Joseph, miller; bds 1016 W. State. 
 Dillon John, moulder; r 718 N. Main; e s. 
 Dixon And. shoemaker; r 131 S. Water; e s. 
 Dixon Chris, shoemaker; r 113 N. Second. 
 Dixon G. L. gun dealer; over 301 E. State; 
 
 r 522 W. State. 
 Dobson A. J. carp ; r Whitman cor N. Court. 
 Dobson Henry, r Knowlton bet S. Court and 
 
 Church. 
 Dobson Henry, jr., r Knowlton bet. S. Court 
 
 and Church ; s s. 
 Dobson Howard W. r 306 N. Avon. 
 Dobson Thos. r Peach near Avon. 
 Dobson Thos. lab ; r 701 Rockton av. 
 Dobson Thos. papermkr ; r 1012 S. Main ; s s. 
 Dobson Wm. bookkeeijer ; r 308 N. Avon. 
 Dobson Wm. stone cutter : r 701 Rockton av. 
 Dodge D. A. express messenger ; bds Holland 
 
 House. 
 Doig D. S. architect; r 301 K Fourth; e s. 
 Doly Chas. r 805 S. West; s s. 
 Donaldson John, r 711 Cunningham; s s. 
 Donley Wm. lab ; r 915 Crosby. 
 Donley Isaiah, r 915 Crosby; e s. 
 Donnahoe John, lab ; r 701 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 fionovan Dennis, lab; r 706 N. Main; w s. 
 Downey Thos. lab; r 914 Crosby; e s. 
 Dow Daniel, bds Holland House. 
 Doolittle F. H. carp ; r Ninth cor R. R. ; e s. 
 Doran And. wagon maker; r 1106 E. State 
 Dorsett Peter, r 1020 Mulberry. 
 Doty J. B. r 1115 AV. State. 
 Doubler J.W.H. inventor ; r 1005 S.Court; s s. 
 Doughty John, r 1002 Crosby ; e s. 
 Douglas J. H. ins. agt; r 318 N. Avon. 
 
480 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTOKY; 
 
 Doud S. J. r 506 Ninth ; e s. 
 Bowling Jos. mason; r 207 Prairie; e s. 
 Dowling Wm. r 1009 S. Churcli ; s s. 
 Downey Daniel, r 1112 Elm ; w s. 
 Downej' John, r 1112 Elm ; w s. 
 Downing J. A. cabinet maker; r 514 S.Main. 
 Doyle J. W. blacksmith ; r 407 S.Winnebago. 
 Doyle M. V. Malleable Iron Works; r 112 
 
 N. Winnebago. 
 Doyle Patrick horseshoeing, 216 S. Main ; r 
 
 407 S. Winnebago. 
 Drain Dan. salesman, S. C. Withrow ; bds 
 
 American House. 
 Drain Duncan, farmer ; r 414 S. Court ; w s. 
 Drain D. stone cutter; bds White's Hotel. 
 Drew D. F. M. shoemaker, 110 S. Main; r 
 
 510 Rock. 
 Dufiy Jas. cooper ; r 1009 First av ; e s. 
 Duffy Thos. F. cooper ; r 801 Sixth av. 
 Duffy Thos. lab ; r rear 703 Rockton av. 
 Dummer Henry, miller ; r 904 Montague ; s s, 
 Duncombe C. R. room 415 Mulberry. 
 Dunham Sam. J. cooper, 1008 Maple. 
 Dunkle E. B. livery stable proprietor. 
 Dunmore J. H. r 1007 Sixth av ; e s. 
 Dunn E. C. prop museum; r 807 W. State. 
 Dunn Pat'k, emp B. S. Morse ; r same. 
 Dunphy R.E. carriage mkr ; r 303 Horsman. 
 
 DUIVSHEE F. K. & W. H. 
 
 Grocers, 401 W. State st. 
 
 DlJliSHEE F. K. residence 514 N. 
 Main st. ; West Side. 
 
 DUKSHEE "W. H. residence 514 N. 
 Main st. ; born in Rockford, Oct. 31, 1856; 
 he is a member of the Rockford Rifles, 
 3d Regt. 111. Nat'l Guards. 
 
 Durell D. J. mechanic ; r 1308 3d av ; e s. 
 Durham Wm. H. fruit and confectionery, S. 
 
 Main ; w s ; r Third av, cor Tenth. 
 Durham Wm, r Third av, cor Tenth. 
 Dwight J. A. trav agt; r 61W N. Main; w s. 
 Dwire Jeremiah, lab; bds 408 S.Winnebago. 
 Dwire Michael, lab; r 408 S. Winnebago. 
 Dwyer Dennis, lab ; r 802 Horsman. 
 Dwyer Morris, lab; r 401 S. Horsman. 
 Dwyer Timothy, lab ; r 607 S. Third; es.. 
 Dwyer — , r 607 S. Third; e s. 
 Dyer Edw. bds City Hotel. 
 Dyer John, bds 111 S. Third ; e s. 
 Dyson J. supt woolen mills; r 1306 S. Court. 
 Dyson W. woolen mill ; r n w cor Napoleon. 
 
 EARLEY ALBERT D. r 106 S. Second ; 
 es. 
 Earley — , r 107 S. Eighth ; e s. 
 Early Sidney, bds stone row, S. Water; e s. 
 
 Eastman H. D. cashier American Express 
 Co. ; bds 303 N. Winnebago. 
 
 EATOX CHAS. B. Dealer in Fancy 
 Notions, Children's Carriages, etc., 121 
 W. State St.; residence on Pleasant St., 
 near W. State St.; born in Detroit, Mich.; 
 came to Rockford in 1860 ; married Eliza J. 
 Millis; they have four children; Mr. 
 Eaton served one year as Musician in 11th 
 I. V. I. band, during the war of the 
 rebellion. 
 
 Eaton C. W. teacher ; r 605 Sixth av ; e s. 
 
 Eaton Wm. cooper; r 605 Sixth av; e s. 
 
 Eavis Geo. r 910 Loomis; s s. 
 
 Ebert John A. r 507 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Edie J. M. lab; r North, cor Prospect; e s. 
 
 Edie J.P.trav agt; r North, cor Prospect; e s. 
 
 Edie R. A. B. lab; r North,cor Prospect ; e s. 
 
 Edmistcm John H. trav agt; r second house 
 n of bridge, N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Edson Geo. A. r 808 S. West. . 
 
 Edson Geo. D. r 509 Locust. 
 
 Edwards A. H. elk American House. 
 
 EDWARDS E. C. Proprietor Ameri- 
 can House, cor. Market and Main sts.. 
 East Side; born in Middlebury, Vt., June 
 12,1828; came to Rockford in 1854; was 
 engaged in the grocery business here 21 
 years; first wife was Eliza M. Curtis; she 
 was born in Livingston Co., N. Y. ; died 
 
 ; four children by this marriage ; one 
 
 deceased, Lizzie Jane; the living are, Jus- 
 tus E., Albert H. and Wm. W. ; Mr. Ed- 
 wards present wife was Emily C. Rowley ; 
 she was born in Ohio; they have one 
 child; Mr. and Mrs. Edwards are mem- 
 bers of the Christian Union Church. 
 
 EDWARDS TTM. R. Carpenter; 
 residence 803 Rockton st. ; born in N. Y. 
 city, July 15, 1849 ; came to Rockford in 
 1857 ; married Mary E. Mcintosh Oct. 7, 
 1877 ; she was born in Burritt, this Co. ; 
 Mr. Edwards has been working at his 
 present business about ten years ; he is a 
 member of the Court Street M. E. Church. 
 
 Edwards W. W. r 406 S. First; e s. 
 Egan Thos. stone cutter; r 407 S. West. 
 Ekback Alfred, lab ; r s e Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 Ekblad C. r 801 Rural ; e s. 
 Ekeberg Jonas, r rear 1009 Sixth av ; e s. 
 Ekeberg John, furnituremkr ; r 1009 6th av. 
 Ekstein Adolf, elk ; r 708 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 Ekstein Jno. watchmkr ; r 708 Kishwaukee. 
 Eldridge Hugh, lab ; r over 330 E. State. 
 Elliott D. W. peddler ; bds 402 Gregory ; e s. 
 Elliott John G. mechanic ; r 703 Montague. 
 Ellison J. A. watchmkr; r 109 N. First; e s. 
 Ellison J. P. saloon, 303 E. State; r 108 S. 
 
 Main ; e s. 
 Ellis Edw. F. W. r 305 N. Court ; w s. 
 
ROCKFOKD CITY. 
 
 481 
 
 Ells A. carp ; bds 513 E. State. 
 Ellsworth G. O. lab; r 914 Horsman. 
 Elmore D.A. coal and wood ; r 803 Ferguson. 
 Emerson C. H. r 409 Park cor N. Court ; w s. 
 Emerson Dauid L. r 313 Peach. 
 Emerson E. P. machinist; bds City Hotel. 
 Emerson Frank D. bds 313 Peach ; w s. 
 
 EMERSON & CO. Manufacturers of 
 Reapers aud Farming Implements. 
 
 Emerson Ralph, r 409 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Emerson R. W. escutcheon manufactory, 
 
 water power; r 411 N. Church; w s. 
 Emerson Wm. at Emerson & Co.'s; bds 206 
 
 N. Church. 
 Engdahl John, lab : r 606 S. Sixth. 
 Ennett Geo. H. r 119 N. Second; s s. 
 Ennett Thos. mason, 202 JS. Main; r 119 N. 
 
 Second ; e s. 
 
 ENOCH ABRAHAM I. of the 
 
 tirm of Bnggs & Enoch, Manufacturers 
 of Agricultural Implements, on water 
 power; resides at 202 N. Third st; East 
 Side; born in Dayton, Ohio, July 24, 1819; 
 came to what is now Guilford Tp., this 
 Co., in Sept., 1835; he was engaged in 
 farming pursuits in that Tp. until March, 
 1867, when he removed to Rockford; elev- 
 en months thereafter he engaged in the 
 manufacture of plows, and has continued 
 in that business to the present time; he 
 became Township School Trustee in Guil- 
 ford, before he was 21 years of age ; about 
 the same time he was elected Trustee, he 
 was also elected Justice of the Peace; 
 served as Township School Director or 
 District School Director, until he was 47 
 years of age; received his commission as 
 Justice of the Peace from Gov. Ford ; held 
 that position, with the exception of two or 
 three years, for 25 consecutive years ; he 
 was Assessor of the same Tp. two years 
 (1851 and 1852); several terms Supervisor; 
 Tp. Highway Commissioner several years ; 
 he is one of the Corporate Directors of 
 the Winnebago National Bank ; also Cor- 
 porate Director of the Forest City Ins. Co., 
 and one of the Trustees of the Rockford 
 Ins. Co; was member of Illinois State 
 Legislature two terms; elected first in 
 1852 ; was re-elected in 1864 ; was one of 
 the first members of the General Assembly 
 who voted for the act which resulted in the 
 construction of the first bridge across the 
 Mississippi river at Rock Island ; he is now 
 President of the Water Power Co. of this 
 place ; married Catharine J. Davis, Nov.20, 
 1844; she was born in Canada, April 28, 
 1819; have seven daughters; Catharine J. 
 now Mrs. D. C. Putnam ; Mary E., now Mrs. 
 H. W. Carpenter ; Harriet A., Clara M., Eva 
 P., Emma A., and Lowie A. 
 
 ENOCH HIRAM R. Whose por- 
 trait appears in this work, was born in 
 Warren Co., O., Jan. 2, 1828; removed 
 
 with parents to Will Co., 111., in 1834, and 
 in 1836 came to Winnebago Co., where he 
 has since lived; he was educated at the 
 common school, except one term in the 
 Academical department of Bcloit College; 
 his occupation was farming, until the fall 
 of 1855, when he was elected County 
 Treasurer of Winnebago Co., in which 
 capacity he served for eight consecutive 
 years, in the spring of 1862 he went into 
 the army, in Co. C, 57th I. V. 1., with rank 
 of Captain ; his regiment was assigned to 
 duty at Camp Douglas, Chicago, where he 
 acted in the capacity of Provost Marshal; 
 in the spring of 1864, he served in 132d 
 regt. I. V. I. as Q. M., stationed at Padu- 
 cah, Ky. ; in 1866 he spent the summer in 
 Texas, as inspector of U. S. Customs 
 along the Rio Grande ; in 1867 he became 
 connected with the Winnebago Co. Chiefs 
 a newspaper published in the city of Rock- 
 ford ; in 1870, he purchased the paper and 
 changed its name to the Rockford Jour- 
 nal, and has since been its sole editor and 
 proprietor; it takes high rank as an ably 
 edited paper, both in politics and litera- 
 ture; Mr. E. married Miss Adaline E. 
 Sheldon, of Belvidere Tp., Feb. 23, 1851 ; 
 she was a native of Williamsville, Erie 
 Co., N. Y.; have three children, Helen 
 Lluella, Harrie H., and William. 
 
 Erfl'meyer Ernest, r S. Ninth cor R. R. 
 
 Erickson Alfred, r 508 Walnut ; e s. 
 
 Erickson And. blacksmith ; r foot park ; e s. 
 
 Erickson C.J. glove maker; r 410 Kish- 
 waukee; e s. 
 
 Erickson Gusta, tailor ; r 905 Third av; e s. 
 
 Erickson Jno. tinsmith ; r over 517 E. State. 
 
 Erickson Jonas, mechanic ; r 302 S. 2d ; e s. 
 
 ERL.ANDER & JOHNSON, Mer- 
 chant Tailors; Manufacturers and Deal- 
 ers in all kinds of Clothing, Cloths, Cas- 
 simeres, Vestings, Gents' Furnishing 
 Goods, Hats and Caps, 322 East State st. ; 
 John Erlander born in Sweden, April 7, 
 1826; came to Rockford, April 15, 1855; 
 residence 402 S. Third st. ; S. A Johnson 
 born in Sweden, Nov. 12, 1831 ; came to 
 Rockford in the fall of 1852; residence 
 402 Kishwaukee St., cor 32 av. 
 
 Erlander Peter, lab; r 507 S. First; e s. 
 
 Ernst W. H.carriage painter ; r S.9th cor 11th. 
 
 Ertel Jos. butcher ; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Estabrook J. O. moulder; r 201 Kent; ss. 
 
 Evans Geo. painter ; 606 Chestnut ; w s. 
 
 Evans Henry B. r 414 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Evans R. B. blacksmith; e409 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Evans Z. B. moulder ; r East ; s s. 
 
 Everitt A.G. telegraph operator; bds White's 
 Hotel. 
 
 Eyre Wm. r E. State, near limits. 
 
 TTABRICK L.F. r 303 S. Winnebago; ws. 
 
482 
 
 ■WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIJREOTOKY: 
 
 Fahruey Henry, r G06 Cunuiugham; s s. 
 Fairfield W. W. r 1207 E. State. 
 Fanning John, lab; r 801 JST. First; e s. 
 Farden J. employe Peacock's brewery ; bds 
 
 foot Prairie. 
 Farmer Chester, agl imp; r 010 N. George. 
 Farmer G. L. agl imp; r 1212 S. Main ; s s. 
 Farmer H. H. r 501 N. Winnebago; w s. 
 
 FARMER STAXL-EY^ E. Of the 
 
 firm of Farmer & McPherson, Domestic 
 Bakery, 435 W. State St., cor. Court; resi- 
 dence 509 Ciierry St., cor.Winnebago; born 
 in Rockton, this Co., Dec. 20, 1854; he is 
 a member of the Rockford Rifles, Co. B., 
 3d Regt. I. N. G. 
 
 Farmer Thomas, r 501 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Farnam John, lab; r 919 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Farciuhar W.G. stone mason ; r G05 S.4th ; e s. 
 
 Farrell John, lab ; r 407 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Farrell Miles, mason; r 110 Mulberry. 
 
 Farren John A. employe N. C. Thompson ; 
 bds 914 N. Court; w's. 
 
 Farrington E.W. watchmkr ; r 612 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Farr Wm. bds 908 S. West; s s. 
 
 Faulkner C. H. r 305 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Faulkner Wm. lab ; r Market cor E. State. 
 
 Fausner Adolph, bds 4] 1 E. State. 
 
 Faust John, r 1106 Fourth av; e s. 
 
 Faust Gust, r 1008 Fourth av. 
 
 Faxon John, r 1219 E. State. 
 
 Fay Alvan, r 303 S. Wmnebago ; w s. 
 
 FAY JESSE B. Proprietor Meat 
 Market 800 S. Main st.. South Side; resi- 
 dence 606 W. Second st.. East Side; born 
 in Dalton, Coos Co., N. H., March 5, 
 1844; came to Rockford March 19, 1864; 
 married Sarah A. Roberts, Dec. 3, 1873 ; 
 she was born in England. 
 
 Fay H. P. butcher; r 1001 Morgan; s s. 
 
 Fay P. mason; r w s N. Main.n end; e s. 
 
 Fay W. A. emp bolt factory ; r Prospect ; s s. 
 
 Fearnside T. boots and shoes 206 W. State ; 
 r 807 N. Court. 
 
 Featherfront John, moulder. 
 
 FEIiCH JOHlf, Proprietor Livery 
 Stable 116 N. Mam st.. West Side; resi- 
 ^/ dence 508 Catlin st., East Rockford ; born 
 in Topsham, Orange Co., Vt., Aug. 3, 
 1825; came to Rockford in the summer of 
 1851 ; for five years previous to coming 
 here he was agent for Frink Walker's 
 Stage Co. at Elgin and in Iowa; repre- 
 sented them for two years after he came 
 to Rockford ; he has been engaged in the 
 livery business over 20 years; married 
 Josephine Moore; she .was born at Zanes- 
 ville, Ohio; they have three children, 
 Alice M., Lizzie (now Mrs. Chester Butter- 
 worth), and John, Jr. 
 
 Fellows Edward, r 402 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Fellows J. T. carriagemkr; r 208 Horsman. 
 Felts E. O. trav agt; r 608 S. Fifth; e s. 
 Felts George, bds 805 Sixth av; e s. 
 Penning T. mason; r 1105 Second av; e s. 
 Fenton Lyman, r 1101 S. Court; s s. 
 Ferguson Aaron, r reac 408 Rural ; s s. 
 Ferguson D.at gas works ;r 606 Knowlton^s s. 
 
 FEROUSON DUNCAN, Was born 
 in Glasgow, Scotland, in Nov., 1810, and 
 during his boyhood resided with his 
 graudfatlier's family, at Criett', in Perth- 
 shire. When about 15 years of age, he 
 attended the University of Glasgow for 
 two seasons, and then was employed about 
 three years in the Land Surveys, and soon 
 thereafter was engaged in the Trigono- 
 metrical Survey of Great Britain for ten 
 years, during which period he was em- 
 ployed most of the time in Ireland. In 
 1837, he left his native country for the 
 United States of America. He first 
 located in Pennsylvania, where he spent 
 two years in the employ of two railroad 
 companies, as draughtsm<>n ofplans,etc. In 
 November, 1839, he removed with his fam- 
 ily to Rockford,Winnebag(j Co., Ills ,where 
 he resides at the present time. In 1840, lie 
 was elected County Surveyor of Winne- 
 bago Co. and Justice of the Peace foi^ La 
 Prairie Precinct. The office of County 
 Surveyor he filled till 1856. In 1862, he 
 was ajipointed Assessor of Internal Reve- 
 nue for the Second District of Illinois, 
 and held the position for eight years, when 
 he resigned the office. He has been for 
 the past six years Supervisor of the Sev- 
 enth Ward of the City of Rockford and 
 chairman of the County Board of Su- 
 pervisors five years of the time. In April, 
 1877, he was elected Mayor of the city of 
 Rockford, and is the present incumbent of 
 that office. Has held, for several years, the 
 offices of City Engineer, Assessor, County 
 Treasurer, Clerk of the Board of Super- 
 visors, and Drainage Commissioner; also 
 Commissioner of Winnebago Co. for the 
 Improvement of Rock River, under a spec- 
 ial act of the Legislature of the State of 1 
 Illinois. In all the various positions I 
 named, Mr. Ferguson has discharged the 
 duties pertaining thereto with so much 
 ability and fidelity, as to meet the hearty 
 approbation of his constituency. Married 
 Miss Agnes M. Hope, August 9, 1829. She 
 was born in Armagh, Ireland. Had seven 
 children by this union, William G , John, 
 Duncan H., Lillias, Mary, Charles and 
 Emma. Mrs. Ferguson died Feb. 15, 
 1862. Married second time to Mrs. Mary 
 Speliman, Sept. 10, 1867. 
 
 FERGUSOIX B. H. Real Estate and 
 Loan Agent; buys and sells notes, bonds, 
 and mortgages, 313 W. State and 608 N. 
 Church sts.. West Side ; born in Scotland, 
 Sept. 17, 1838; came to Rockford in 1839; 
 served three years in the war of the rebel- 
 
EOCKFOED CITY. 
 
 483 
 
 lion ; was Internal Revenue Assessor from 
 1866 to 1870; was for several years promi- 
 nently identified with the banking busi- 
 ness of Rockford. 
 
 FJERttUSOBf JAMES, Of the firm 
 of Holland, Fertruson & Co.; residence 
 606 Horsmau ; born in Harlem, this Co., 
 Aug. 20, 1840; married Addie M. Belknap, 
 Oct. 20, 1872; she was born in Byron, 
 Ogle Co., 111.; they have one daughter, 
 Jennie M., born July 20, 1873; Mr. Fer- 
 guson is Assessor of the City and Tp. of 
 Rockford, serving second term. 
 
 Ferguson J. A. machinist ; r 401 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Ferguson S. wagonmkr; r 401 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Ferguson Thomas, book-keeper Second Na- 
 tional Bank ; bds 804 Chestnut. 
 
 FERGUSON WM. B. Book-keeper 
 for (iraham & Co. ; residence 208 S. Main 
 St., East Side; born iu Harlem, this Co., 
 Aug. 23, 1848 ; married Clara Ada Smith, 
 Oct. 15, 1874; she was born in Kenosha, 
 Wis., Sept. 19, 1852; they have one child. 
 May Oilman, born April 9, 1877; Mr. F. 
 was for four years booK-keeper and cashier 
 for the Rockford Insurance Co. ; four 
 years bookkeeper in Second National 
 Bank; was treasurer of the Winnebago 
 Agricultural Society in 1876; has been 
 with Graham ct Co. since Nov., 1876. 
 
 FI1>DI€K RICHARD, Blacksmith, 
 402 Elm St., cor. Church ; born in Simons- 
 town, Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, 
 Jan. 1, 1856; at the time of his birth his 
 father was a blacksmith at that place, in 
 the employ of the British government, 
 where he remained 17 years, coming to 
 England in 1867; Mr. Fiddick came to 
 Rockford in June, 1874. 
 
 Field J. W. r 408 Chestnut ; w s. 
 
 Field M. D. r S. 8th bet lOth and Uth avs. 
 
 Field Wm. carp ; r S. 8th bet 10th and 11th. 
 
 Fihn Chas. employe A. M. Johnston »& Co. 
 
 Fihn Lars, lab; r 134 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Fillmore D. H. r N. xVvoa cor Peach. 
 
 Fink J. W. harnessmaker 128 S. Water ; e s. 
 
 Finley Michael, lab ; r 204 Davis ; e s. 
 
 Finnegau Magan, emp F. Graham ; r same. 
 
 Finney Daniel, lab; r 805 George; w s. 
 
 Finney Thomas, lab ; r 805 George, w s. 
 
 Firman I. milkman; Firman, from School, 
 near limits. 
 
 FISH DARIUS, Retired; residence 
 305 S. Winnebago st. ; he is the son of 
 Audrew and Sarah Fish, and was born in 
 Easttown, Washington Co., N. Y., Aug. 30, 
 1806; lived in that Co." until 1828, when he 
 removed to Napoli, Cattaraugus Co., N. 
 Y., where he lived about five years ; then 
 he went to Darien, Genesee Co., N. Y., and 
 lived there five years ; in Sept., 1839, he 
 came to Cherry Valley, in this Co., where 
 he resided on his farm for about 16 years ; 
 
 22 years ago he came to Rockford to re- 
 side; married IVIary Brink, daughter of 
 Jacob and Martha Brink, Oct. '..^3, 1828; 
 she was born in Alexandria, Genesee Co., 
 N. Y., March 28. 1812; Mr. Fish has been 
 engaged in the purchase and sale of horses, 
 buying grain, etc., a portion of the time 
 since he came to Rockford ; for about two 
 years during tlie rebellion, he had charge 
 of stock with the armies of Gen. Pope, 
 Gen. Rosencrans, etc. 
 
 Fish Edmund, blacksmith ; r 214 S. Church. 
 
 Fish G. W. salesman ; r 214 S. Church ; w s. 
 
 Fisher A.H. mcht police, w s ; r 1112 W. State. 
 
 Fisher B. saloon, 122 W. State; r same. 
 
 Fisher Frank P. r 107 S. West cor Elm. 
 
 Fisher Franz, elk B. Fisher; r 122 W. State. 
 
 Fisher George, r Lincoln av. 
 
 Fisher Geo. J. r 107 S. West, cor Elm. 
 
 FISHER GEORGE li. Of the firm 
 of Fisher & Wahl, Proprietors of Fisher's 
 Brewery, south of city limits, and Pro- 
 prietors Saloon 104 W. State st. ; Mr. Fisher 
 was born iu German}-, Oct. 14, 1839; came 
 to Rockford in 1856 ; has been engaged' in 
 the Brewing business about nine years; he 
 is a member of Star in the East Lodge, 
 No. 166, A. F. and A. M., Turner Society 
 and German Singers Society; he married 
 Barbara Wahl, March 27, 1867; she was 
 born in Germany, Oct. 29, 1846 ; they have 
 one child, Frank, born March 7, 1868. 
 
 Fisher Henry C. sexton W. S. cemetery ; r 
 Whitman, near Court. 
 
 Fisher L. G. tinsmith ; r 204 Horsman. 
 
 Fisher W. H. bkpr; r 523 N. Church. 
 
 Fitch Benjamin, r 1104 W. State. 
 
 Fitch Rev. Chester, r 1104 W. State. 
 
 Fitch Henry A. r 1104 W. State. 
 
 FITCH JOHX, Retired Farmer; resi- 
 dence 210 S. Winnebago st. ; born in Bald- 
 win, Cumberland Co.,"Me., April 18, 1805; 
 married Lucy L. Sawtelle, Dec. 4, 1835, at 
 Groton, Mass.; ceremony performed by 
 the Rev. Charles Robinson; Mrs. Fitch 
 was born at Groton, Mass., Aug. 14, 1806; 
 they have three children living: Luther 
 P., Wm. Henry and Amelia E. ; they have 
 lost two children: Sarah M., died Sept. 21, 
 1845, aged 7 years; Joanna, diid Dec. 23, 
 1845, aged 3" weeks; Mr. and Mrs. Fitch 
 are members of the Congregational Church ; 
 Mr. Filch first came to this Co., to what is 
 now Cherry Valley, in Nov., 1837 ; in June, 
 1838, he removed to the same place with 
 his family; his larm being located in Sec. 
 1, Cherry Valley Tp. ; Sec. 6, Flora Tp.; 
 Sec;. 31, Guilford Tp., and Sec. 36, Belvi- 
 dere Tp. ; his house was located on Sec. 1, 
 Cherry Valley Tp. ; he lived there until 
 Ai)ril, 1864, when he removed to Rockford, 
 where he has since resided. 
 
 Fitch J. B. salesman; r 606 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Fitch Julius C. r 815 S. Main; s s. 
 
484 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Fitch Sanford C. carp ; r 606 N. Winnebago. 
 Fitch W. H. physician and surgeon, 303 W. 
 
 State ; r 210 S. Winnebago ; w s. 
 Fitzgerald J. pressman; r G09 N. Main; e s. 
 Fitzgerald John, r 609 N. Main ; e s. 
 Fitzgerald Thomas, r 1209 Third av; e s. 
 Fitzgerald Thomas, lab; r 101 River; s s. 
 Fitzgerald Wm. lab ; t 609 N. Main ; e s. 
 Fitzpatrick Wm. lab ; r 406 S. Winnebago. 
 Fitzsimmons C.H. mason ; r 906 S. Church ; s s. 
 Fitzsimmons James, employe R.R.; r 605 
 
 N. Main; e s. 
 Fitzsimmons J. mason ; r 906 S. Church ; s s. 
 Flanders Daniel B. r 904 S. West; s s. 
 Flanery H. tel opr; r 504 S. Fourth; e s. 
 Flanery J. expressman; r 504 IS. Fourth; e s. 
 Flanery M. expressman ; r 504 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 Flaunery Michael, bds City Hotel. 
 Flannigan Frank, lab; n end Avon. 
 Flannigan Thomas, r 508 S. Wyman. 
 Fleming J. A. watchmaker ; r 1017 Mulberry. 
 Fleming Thomas, r 736 N. First; e s. 
 
 FliEXBflKEN THEODORE 5f. 
 
 Mechanical Engineer, with N. Thompson; 
 residence 1101 Rock st. ; born in Car- 
 michaels, Greene Co., Penn., Aug. 20, 1844 ; 
 came to Rockford in 1869 ; removed his 
 family to this place in 1873 ; for six years 
 he was engaged in millwrighting and 
 manufacture of water wheels ; has been 
 with N. C. Thompson since Dec, 1875; 
 married Ruth E. Peck, Dec. 21, 1870; she 
 was born in Coldsburg, Delaware Co., la. ; 
 they have two cliildren: Maggie M., born 
 Aug. 14, 1873, and Minnie, born Nov. 1, 
 1874; Mrs. F. is a member of the Congre- 
 gational Church. 
 
 Fletcher C. farmer ; S. Main ; w s ; nr limits. 
 Floberg Aug. P. elk; r 1020 Sixth av; e s. 
 Floberg Gust, carp ; r 803 Kishwaukee. 
 Flodell G. meat market ; r 905 Third av. 
 
 FliYNX P. Collecting Agent; Office, 
 Room 8, 306 W. State st. ; residence 310 N. 
 Main St. ; born in Ireland, May 11, 1832; 
 came to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1847; he was 
 for 7 years engaged in the mercantile busi- 
 ness in Dunkirk, N. Y., and removed to 
 Rockford in Feb., 1859; continued in the 
 mercantile business here until the call for 
 300,000 men- in 1862; he enlisted about 
 
 . 300 men in the counties of Winnebago, 
 Boone and Stephenson ; he was Captain of 
 Co. A, 90th I. V. I., 15th Army Corps, 
 from Aug., 1862, to March, 1863. when he 
 was promoted to Major of the 90th Regt. ; 
 commanded that Regt. from March 6, 1863, 
 until he was wounded, the 28th of July, 
 1864, at battle in front of Atlanta, Ga. ; 
 mustered out in June, 1865; the Major 
 was Sheriff of tliis Co. 4 years, from 1868 
 to 1873. 
 
 Fogg Alfred, elk White's Hotel ; r same. 
 Foley Patrick, lab; r Kilbourn. 
 Foley Thomas, r cor Summit and Jackson. 
 Foley Wm. lab; r 907 Horsman ; w s. 
 Foltz Benj. H. painter; r 212 S. Winnebago. 
 Foltz Rev. Benj. r 212 S. Winnebago. 
 Fonda A. A. bill poster ; r 909 Rock ; s s. 
 Fonda Henry V. peddler ; r 909 Rock ; s s. 
 
 FOOTE CHAS. E. Dentist, 325 E. 
 Slate St. ; resides at 803 First a v. ; born in 
 Janesville, Wis., March 35, 1854; came to 
 Rockford Feb. 16, 1877; has been engaged 
 in Dentistry business four years ; his father, 
 Rev. Hiram Foote, was born in N. Y. in 
 1808; came to this Co. in Feb., 1838, and 
 resided for a time near Rockford ; was or- 
 dained to the Gospel ministry Feb. 15, 
 1839, then preaching to the Congregational 
 Church at Joliet; was married to Miss 
 Eliza Maria Becker, of Oneida Co., N. Y. ; 
 she was born in Cherry Valley, Otsego 
 Co., N. Y., Sept. 21, 1817; they have six 
 children living: Albert E., Hiram W., 
 Nettie C, Lucius F., Chas. E. and Kittle; 
 they have lost two daughters and one son, 
 Horatio D., died in Rebel prison at Flor- 
 ence, Ga. ; he was in First Wisconsin Cav. 
 
 Foote Rev. Hiram, r 802 First ave; e s. 
 
 Foote J. H. carriage trimmer, 1016 N. Win- 
 nebago ; w s. 
 
 Foote Lucius F. physician, over 325 E. 
 State; r 114 N. Third; w s. 
 
 Foote Walter L. r 205 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 F ORB EH AI.EXAKDER D. 
 
 Rockford Malleable Iron Works, on water 
 power; residence 427 N. Main st., West 
 Side; born in Perthshire, Scotland, Dec. 
 13, 1831 ; came to America in 1842; came 
 to Rockford in March, 1854; in the same 
 year he, in patnership with his father, 
 Duncan Forbes, established a foundry and 
 engaged in the manufacture of stoves and 
 machinery castings; in 1864 they estab- 
 lished the first Malleable Iron Works west 
 of Cincinnati ; they continued the business 
 together until his father died, in 1871 ; Mr. 
 A. D. Forbes married Elizabeth Olstrum; 
 she was born near Albany, N. Y. ; they 
 have five children living; have lost two; 
 Mr. and Mrs. F. are members of the First 
 Presbyterian Church; he is Vice Presi- 
 dent of the People's Savings Bank. 
 
 Forbes Alex Wm. bds 309 N. Wyman. 
 
 FORBEi^ GEO. R. General Super- 
 intendent Rockford Malleable IronWorks ; 
 residence 431 N. Main st. ; born in Scot- 
 land; came to Rockford in 1854; has been 
 ensiasred in iron business ever since; mar- 
 ried Jane S. Belknap, Jan. 30, 1868; she 
 was born in Mass. ; Mr. Forbes is a mem- 
 ber of E. F. W. Ellis Lodge No. 633, A. 
 F. and A. M., Winnebago Chapter No. 24, 
 and Crusade Commandery K. T. 
 
ROCKFORD CITT, 
 
 485 
 
 Forbes M. A. moulder; bds 309 N. Wy- 
 
 maa; w s. 
 Forbes Robt. r 309 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 Forbes Thos. H. r 309 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 Forbes Wm. moulder; bds 1113 S. Court; ss. 
 Forbes Wm. moulder; r 1009 South. 
 Force W. P. carp ; r R.R., nr S. Main ; w s. 
 Force Wm. carp ; r R.R., nr S. Main ; w s. 
 Ford Calvin, mechanic ; r 807 S. Main ; s s. 
 Ford C. S. draughtsman; r 1011 Rock; s s. 
 Ford E, carriage mkr; r 507 Rockton; w s. 
 Ford Geo. elk ; bds 807 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 FORO €r. W. 231 East st. ; residence 
 1107 E. State; Patent Attorney; Solicitor 
 of American and Foreign Patents ; Suits 
 for Infringement of Patents conducted in 
 the U. S. Courts; opinions given, etc.; 
 Mr. F. was born inPoutiac, Mich., Dec. 6, 
 1828; came to Rockford in 1857; com- 
 menced the patent business here in 1860. 
 
 Ford J. N. wood turner; r 104 W. State. 
 
 Ford J. S. reporter; bds 807 First av; e s. 
 
 Ford Pat'k, lab; r 812 Benton; e s. 
 
 Ford Pat'k, Jr., lab; r 812 Benton; e s. 
 
 Ford Thos. lab ; r 403 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Ford Thos. Jr. lab ; r 403 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Forsall Gust, r Seminary, south of railroad. 
 
 Forsberg F. E. elk ; r 709 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Foss George E. elk ; bds 708 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Foster A. J. cabinet maker; r rear 408 S. 
 Main; e s. 
 
 Fowler Albert, r 520 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 FOWJLKR GEORGF W. Of the 
 
 firm of Fowler & Austin, House, Sign, 
 and Ornamental Painters, S. Court st., 
 near s. w. cor. W. State st. ; resides at 1023 
 Mulberry st. ; born in LeRoy, Genesee Co., 
 N. Y., Feb. 27, 1852; came to Rockford 
 nine years ago; he has been studying 
 medicine for three years ; has attended full 
 ^ course of lectures at Chicago Medical 
 ' College ; expects to graduate next year. 
 
 Fowler John, tinsmith ; r 1023 Mulberry. 
 
 Fowler Thomas, carp ; r 1202 Third avenue. 
 
 Fowler Wm. r 1023 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 FoUett F. F. rooms over Rockf. Nat. Bank. 
 
 Fox AlfFed D. elk ; r 909 Loomis ; s s. 
 
 Fox G. E. elk ; r 710 Mulberry. 
 
 Fox J. E. r 710 Mulberry. 
 
 Fraley J. M. druggist; r 112 N. First; e s. 
 
 Eraser A. stonecutter ; bds 414 S. Court ; w s. 
 
 Eraser T. G. elk; r 109 S. First; e s. 
 
 Frasier Alex, stonecutter; bds White's Hotel. 
 
 Frasier O. foreman Rhoades & Utter ; resi- 
 dence 206 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Freeberg Peter, carp ; r 124 Park ; e s. 
 
 FREEH JOHX A. Dyer for Graham 
 & Co. ; residence cor. Morgan and Corbin 
 sts., South Side; born in Switzerland, 
 
 April 11, 1846; came to Rockford, in 
 April, 1874; came to America in 1870; he 
 has worked at the dyeing business for 
 fourteen years; is a member of Turner 
 and German Singers societies; married 
 Maria Robertson, April 1,1875; she was 
 born in Rockford; tliey have one child, 
 Minnie E., born Jan. 24, 1877. 
 
 Freeman Claus W. tailor ; r 505 Union ; e s. 
 
 Freeman E. harness maker; r 1104 Charles. 
 
 Freeman Ethan, pumps; r 1002 South. 
 
 Freeman G. B. bkpr; bds 118 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Freeman H. princpl. e s higii school, supt. e 
 s public schools ; r 201 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Freeman H. H. photographer, 304 E. State; 
 r 701 N. Second; e s. 
 
 Freeman Jas. R. printer ; r 902 S. West, cor 
 
 Blake. 
 Freeman L. G. r 213 S. Main ; w s. 
 Freeman M. S. mason; r S. 8th, cor 12th av. 
 Freeman E. r Peach, near Avon ; w s. 
 French John, bds 210 N. Main; w s. 
 Fi"ench, emp tack fac'y ; bds 201 N. Main ; w s. 
 Friedman J. jeweler, 113 W. State; r 105 
 
 Horsman. 
 Friend Edw. stone mason ; r out of limits. 
 Fritz Henry V. carp ; r S. Ninth ; W. A. 
 Frohniug'Wm. baker; bds 315 E. State. 
 Frosard Joseph, express; r 310 S. Court; ws. 
 Frost A. H. law student; r 122 S. Second. 
 Frost H. D. r 301 S. Main; e s. 
 Frost Howard S. elk ; r 301 S. Main ; e s. 
 Frost Joseph, r 712 North ; e s. 
 Frowe John M. tinsmith ; r408 S. Fifth; e s. 
 Froze Harry, r over 310 E. State. 
 Frundell Peter, r 802 Second av. 
 
 FRYER ISAA<; D. Harnessmaker 
 and Proprietor Feed Stable, Church st., 
 near Elm; born in Guildiland, Albany 
 Co., N. Y., Sept. 2, 1830; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1852; married Mary Thompson, 
 Sept. 2, 1850; she was born in Cherry Val- 
 ley, Otsego Co., N. Y., June, 1830 ; they have 
 one daughter living, Mary Jane, now Mrs. 
 Chas. Faulkner; they have lost two 
 children. 
 
 Fry Geo. B. engineer; bds 511 Rockton av. 
 
 Fuller J. A. confectionery 417 E. State; r 
 503 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Fuller David, carp; r 713 Elm; w s. 
 
 Fuller L. B. r 1006 Ferguson ; s s. 
 
 Fuller Lemuel S. r Seminary s of R. R. 
 
 Furman O.empB.S.Morse ;bds 507Market ;e s. 
 
 GABRIELSON VALENTINE, r S. Sev- 
 enth ; W. A. 
 Gaffney P. carp ; r 908 N. Second ; e s. 
 Galaway T. barbar ; r over 113 S. Second ; e s. 
 Gallagher M. H. r 1013 S. Third ; e s. 
 
486 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Gallagher John, teamster; r807 Corbin; s s. 
 Gallaugher P. lab; r 411 S. West; w s. 
 Gamble L. S. millinery 118 W. State; rsame. 
 Gardner Eugene, carp ; bds 302 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 OARDXEK KU<iJF.XE A. Suc- 
 cessor to Rovve & Gardner; Wholesale 
 and Retail Dealer in and Manufacturer of 
 line Havana and Domestic Cigars, 423 
 East State street; bds at the American 
 House; he was born in Fallsburg, Sulli- 
 van Co., JM. Y., Feb. 11, 1854; came to 
 Rockford, Marcii 19, 1877; came to this 
 Co., Dec. 20, 1874. 
 
 Gardner Joseph, r 112 N. Third; e s. 
 
 Gardner , patternmaker; r Harlem av. 
 
 Garner A. T., painter; r 610 Knowlton; s s. 
 
 Garner Frederick, r 508 E. Seminary ; e s. 
 
 Garrett Wm. elk; r 1403 Charles; e s. 
 
 Gartland Thos. lab; r 912 East; s s. 
 
 tJARVER JOHX C. States Attorney 
 for Winnebago Co. ; office over Winnebago 
 National Bank; residence 902 S. Main st., 
 South Side; born in Pecatonica, this Co., 
 Nov. 16, 1843; Mr. Garver is a graduate of 
 Wiltenburg College, Springfield, Ohio; 
 he read law at Springfield, Ohio, with 
 Gen'l Keifer, present member of Congress ; 
 was elected States Attorney in 1872; re- 
 elected in 1876 ; aside from the duties of 
 States Attorney, Mr. Gardner attends to 
 general law and collection business. 
 
 Gasking W. watchmkr; bds 308 Walnut; es. 
 
 Gasking William, Jr., watchmaker; bds 308 
 Walnut; e s. 
 
 Geare F. employe J. B. Marsh & Co. ; r 402 
 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Gearn G. C. druggist 808 S. Main ; r 806 S. 
 
 Court ; s s. 
 Gebler J. moulder; r 1113 S. Court; s s. 
 Gebler M. D. r 1113 S. Court; s s. 
 Gens Nicholas, barber; r 708 Elm; w s. 
 
 GrEUT IVIfl. Manufacturer of special 
 Machinery of every description ; factory 
 south end of Power, near the woolen 
 factorj^; residence 302 S. West st. ; born 
 in Staffordshire, England; eame to Rock- 
 ford about 18 years ago; married Maria 
 S. Taylor; she was born in this Co.; they 
 have five children, four boys and one girl. 
 
 George J. farmer ; r Longwood cor Crosby. 
 
 (i^EORGE SAMPSOX, (Deceased.) 
 The eldest son of Sampson and Anne 
 George, was born in the parish of Middle- 
 ton, Tyas, Yorkshire, England, April 19, 
 1789, where he also received his educa- 
 tion, and studied law in the office of his 
 father, he being an attorney and coun- 
 sellor. 
 
 On the 18th of June, 1822, he was mar- 
 ried to Ann, eldest daughter of James and 
 Margaret Swetnam, of Gayles, parish of 
 Kirby, Ravedsworth, Yorkshire, she being 
 born at the latter place, on the 4th of May, 
 
 1799. The names and date of birth ot 
 their children are as follows: Margaret, 
 born March 14, 1823; married to Levi 
 Moulthrop, M. D. ; both deceased. Samp- 
 son, born Sept. 13, 1825 ; married to Cyn- 
 thia Saylor; resides in Buchanan Co., la.; 
 P. O. Kier. George, born March 12, 1828; 
 married to Lydia M. Loomis; resides in 
 Rockford. Anne, born Aug. 31, 1831; de- 
 ceased. James Swetnam, born April 27, 
 1833; married to Mary Jane Quick; re- 
 sides in Waterloo, Iowa. 
 
 The children were all baptized in in- 
 fancy into the Church of England. 
 
 Mr. George and family left England in 
 June, 1836, and arrived in Rockford the 
 following September. In five weeks after 
 their arrival Mr. George was taken ill, 
 and after lingering but a few days died, 
 Oct. 31. 
 
 Mrs. George and the children remained 
 here, settling upon a tract of land adjacent 
 to what is now the city of Rockford, en- 
 during the hardships and reaping the re- 
 wards of a pioneer life. Mrs. George, now 
 in her 79th year, resides at the home of 
 her grandson, L. Moulthrop, and so far as 
 is known is the oldest lady resident — who 
 was also the earliest resident — now living 
 in the city of Rockford. Mrs. George still 
 retains her faculties and memory to a re- 
 markable degree, and can narrate remin- 
 iscences of the early days of Winnebago 
 Countj^ with a force and vividness rarely 
 met with in one of her years. 
 Gerber Adolphus, r 106 Horsman. 
 
 OERBER HElfRY H. Foreman 
 Utter Manufacturing Co; residence 306 1 
 Horsman st. ; born in Byron, Ogle Co., 111., I 
 May 18, 1846; came to Rockford in 1852; ' 
 has been in machinists' business over 12 
 years ; married Carrie I. Dean ; she was 
 born in N. Y. State; have one child. Win- ■ 
 fred, born July 8, 1876 ; Mr. Gerber served f 
 five months in Co. I, 134th I. V. I. ; Mrs. ^ 
 G. is a member of the Episcopal church. ' 
 
 Gerber Julius, accountant; r 106 Horsman. 
 
 Gerlach C. carpet weaving; r 810 Horsman. 
 
 GEROUIiD FRAHfK \¥, General 
 Insurance Agent, room 6, Masonic Block, 
 W. State St. ; residence 709 N. Court st. ; 
 West Side; born in Smithfield, Bradford 
 Co., Pa., Jan. 13, 1853; came to Rockford 
 in 1856; Mr. Gerould is Second Lieuten- 
 ant of the Rockford Ritles, Third Regt. Illi- 
 nois National Guards. 
 
 Gerould M. B. bkpr; r 709 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Gerrey Jas. lab ; r 1002 River ; s s. 
 
 Gerrey Owen, gardener ; r 1002 River ; s s. 
 
 Geurey Matt, lab ; r 1012 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Gibbs P. C. lab ; r 1008 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Giddings Ralph, r 802 Kishwaukee; e s. 
 
 GiflFen Alex. (Giffen Bros.) r 307 N. Third. 
 
 Giffen Andrew (Giffen Bros.), r 508 Rock. 
 
 Giffen Jas. A. clerk A. J. Smith ; bds same. 
 
ROCKFORD CITY. 
 
 489 
 
 GirtenW. grocer,S.Ninth cor Ninth av ; W.A. 
 
 «}IL.B£RT J AS. Carpenter and Build- 
 er, Saw Filer, etc., 504 E. State St. ; resi- 
 dence 1116 E. State St.; born in N. Y. 
 city Sept. 11, 1811 ; moved to Ovid, N. Y., 
 when he was quite young; lived there 
 most of the time until he was 1% years 
 of age, when his parents moved to Canada, 
 in 1819; worked at his trade of carpenter 
 and joiner, and a portion of the time en- 
 gaged in farming until he came to Rock- 
 ford, May 20, 1839 ; married Sarah Crane, 
 July 35, 1834; she was born in the Black 
 River country, N. Y., Aug. 13, 1818; have 
 five children living; Ellen A., now Mrs. 
 Heman Allen; Hadie, now Mrs. E. E. 
 Holland, of Chicago ; Mary E., now Mrs. 
 James Lathrop, of Chicago ; James R. and 
 William Henry ; lost two children. 
 
 Gilbert Stephen, farmer ; r 406 S. Third ; e s. 
 Gile Geo. W. lab; r 811 JST. Second; e s. 
 Gillett Henry W. r 1007 East; s s. 
 Gillett Samuel, r 308 E. State. 
 
 iilL.Jj HE5fRY C. of the firm of Bab- 
 cock & Gill, Dentists, 323 E. State st. ; re- 
 sides at 607 Market St.; he was born in 
 Woodstock, Vt., June 4. 1844; came to 
 this Co. in Sept., 1875; married Ida C. 
 Bunker, Sept. 14, 1871 ; she was born at 
 Geneva, 111., April 21, 1847. 
 
 Gill J. N. r 403 N. Second; e s. 
 
 Gilmour John, painter; r 1007 South. 
 
 Glassel H. W. mechanic ;r Peach near Avon. 
 
 Glenn G. M. M. r 719 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Glenns August, lab ; r 604 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 
 Glenny H. tailor, Horsman's new block ; r 
 Rockton. 
 
 Glenny Henry, dentist; r Rockton av. 
 
 Glinn Edwin, employe David Vanston. 
 
 Glinn Patrick, lab ; r 307 S. Water ; e s. 
 
 Goddard Chas. W. teacher; r 711 Mulberry. 
 
 Godfrey E. L. com mcht ; 610 Chestnut ; w s. 
 
 Godfrey Jno. D. milliner ; r S. Church ; w s. 
 
 Godfrey S. R. clothier; r 309 S. Third. 
 
 Golden W. A. moulder ; r 305 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Goldsmith J. shoemaker ; r 801 First av ; e s. 
 
 Goldsmith Oliver, r 801 First av ; e s. 
 
 Goodell Chas. H. bds 613 Mulberry. 
 
 Goodhart Jas. r 1104 River ; s s. 
 
 Goodhue E. P. printer Register; r 507 
 Peach ; w s. 
 
 Goodlander Daniel, vice pres. Emerson, Tal- 
 cott & Co. ; r 405 Park. 
 
 Goodwin A. E. physician and surgeon, over 
 410 E. State ; r 7l0 Court cor K Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Goodwin M. O. stoves and tinware, 417 W. 
 State; r 711 George. 
 
 Gorden Thos. employe Holland House. 
 
 Gork Fred, watchmaker; bds 308 Walnut. 
 
 Gosling John, meat; r out of town. 
 
 26« 
 
 Gossin F. B. collar mkr; r 206 Horsman. 
 Goss G. R. r 201 S. West. 
 Gough H.H.emp E.S.Sraith; r 203 Mulberry. 
 Gould Thos.G. moulder; r 1103 S. Main; ss. 
 Grady Frank J. r 604 Court; e s. 
 Graham Byron ; gen agt Graham & Co. ; r 
 cor S. Winnebago and Kent; s s. 
 
 Graham David, with Graham & Co. ; r 905 S. 
 Main ; s s. 
 
 Graham Freeman, office 1310 S. Main ; r 905 
 8. Main ; s s. 
 
 OKAHAM & CO. Proprietors Cotton 
 Mill, on Water Power; they mauufsicture 
 Batting, Seamless Grain Bags, Twine, 
 Hosiery, etc.; established in 1865; work 
 150 men ; manufactured $250,000 worth of 
 goods in 1876 ; Freeman Graham, Jr., was 
 born in Hartford, Coun., March 27, 1843; 
 came to Rockford iu 1859; Julius Graham 
 was born in Hartford, Conn., Oct. 6, 1843; 
 came to Rockford in 1859 ; they were both 
 engaged in the manufacture of Reapers 
 and Mowers until 1865, when they sold 
 out that business to Wm. A. Knowlton. 
 
 Graham J. P. salesman ; bds 305 Rockton av. 
 
 Grandlund Robt. lab; r 1110 Fourth av. 
 
 Grandstran C. tailor ; r 609 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 
 Granz John , r S. Sixth, opp soap factory. 
 
 Graves Isaac, elk ; r over 513 E. State. 
 
 Gray A. C. agt Singer sewing machine Co., 
 and organs, 437 W. State; r 305 Horsman. 
 
 Gray Chas. r 511 S. Wyman. 
 
 Gray D. P. life and fire ins. and real estate 
 agt, 437 W. State ; r 507 Locust. 
 
 Gray E.H.teamster; r cor Maple and George. 
 
 Gray J. L. pres Rockford Brush Co. ; r 308 
 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Gray N. B. job printer; bds 302 N. Second. 
 
 Greene Benj. lab; r 613 North; w s. 
 
 Greene E. W. lab; r 617 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Green R. S. r 312 W. State. 
 
 Gregory Andrew I. r 104 S. Eighth ; e s. 
 
 Gregory Carroll S. r 1005 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Gregory Ed. S. wind mills; r 1005 S. Third. 
 
 Gregory J. A. salesman ; r 601 Horsman. 
 
 OBKOORY JOHBf CI^ABK, 
 
 Meat Market, E. State st. ; residence 501 
 N. Third st. ; born in Rockford, Dec. 13, 
 1837; he is the oldest native-born resident 
 now living here ; married Ellen M. Tis- 
 dale, Dec. 25, 1860; she was born iu Ware, 
 Worcester Co., Mass., Sept. 1, 1841 ; they 
 have one child, Ernest I., born April 10, 
 1868; Mr. and Mr.-. G. are members of the 
 First M. E. Church ; Mr. Gregory is a son 
 of Samuel Gregory, who first came to this 
 Co. in the fall of 1835, and removed here 
 with his family in the spring of 1836; Mr. 
 Samuel Gregory returned to Niagara Co., 
 N. Y., in 1874, and is now a resident of 
 that Co. 
 
490 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Gregory J. O. hardware, 119 W. State, under 
 Brown's Hall; r 601 Horsnian. 
 
 Gregory Homer, r 807 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Gregory Lewis, farmer; r 1005 S. Third. 
 
 Gregory Wm. H. with N. C.Thompson; r 
 cor North and Winnebago. 
 
 Gridley P.marble cutter ; bds808.S.Main ; w s. 
 
 Griffin Charles, r 1002 South. 
 
 Griffin G. P. grocer ; r 404 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Griffin James, lab ; r west end Chestnut ; w s. 
 
 Griffin John, painter; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Griffin John P. painter; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Griffin Patrick, r west end Cliestnut ; w s. 
 
 Griffin Patrick, lab ; r Harlem av ; w s. 
 
 Griffin T. brickmkr ; r w end Chestnut ; w s. 
 
 Griffin , lab ; r 20« S. Water ; e s. 
 
 Grii^gs Chas. L. cigarmaker ; r 801 Ferguson. 
 
 ORIOO^^ WAKIEL, li. Proprietor 
 City Hotel, cor. State and Church sts. ; 
 born in Paris, Oneida Co., N. Y., Jan. 9, 
 1824; came to Rockford in May, 1863; 
 first wife was Amy R. Robinson ; she died 
 in July, 1868 ; five children by this mar- 
 riage, two deceased ; the living are, Chas. 
 L., Nellie, and Emma G.; present wife 
 was Lora D. Pierce, of Union, Rock Co., 
 Wis. ; Mr. Griggs has been in the hotel 
 business in Rockford for seven years. 
 
 Griggs Geo. G. cigar mfg, 429 W. State ; r 
 811 Cunningham; s s. 
 
 Griggs Geo. L. r 811 Cunningham; s s. 
 
 Grimes J. T. pumps ; r School, cor Lee. 
 
 Grimmitt Thomas, wagon maker, 420 Elm. 
 
 Griswold Theodore F. emp J. B. Marsh & 
 Co.; r 311 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Groneman W. L. r 501 W. S. 
 
 Groth Henry C. r 305 N. Wyman ; w s. 
 
 Grout C. L. bkpr ; bds 303 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Grunewald A.marblecutter ; r 816 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Gruninger F. Z. soap mkr; r 801 6th av; e s. 
 
 Grunland John, lab; r 1107 Fourth av; e s. 
 
 Gulbrand H. blacksmith; bds 805 E. State. 
 
 Gunderson C.salesman ; bds 407 N.Main ; e s. 
 
 HADLON A. plow maker; r North, cor 
 East; e s. 
 Hadlon John, tailor; r North, cor East; e s. 
 Haegg Aug. tinner ; r out of town. 
 Hagberg J. shoemaker; r 404 East; e s. 
 Hagblad Lans, r Seminary, s of R. R. 
 Hagblom Peter, r 809 Fifth av; e s. 
 Hagerty John, lab ; r 904 Kent ; s s. 
 Haight Emery, r 305 S. West. 
 Haiglit W. M. r 1009 Charles; e s. 
 
 HAII^ES A:NTH4>:NY, Manufact- 
 urer of the Bean and Welden Sulky, and 
 Riding Cultivator, 204 N. Main St.; East 
 Side ; residence 609 Market st. ; born in 
 Marietta, Penn., April 21, 1839 ; came to 
 
 Rockford in 1854; married Adaline Rowse, 
 April 24, 1853 ; she was born in Bucyrus, 
 O.; they have three children; Mr. Haines 
 is Supervisor and Alderman of the First 
 Wai d ; he has served 18 years continuously 
 as Supervisor, and several terms as Alder- 
 man ; he was largely engaged in grain and 
 produce business for a great many years; 
 has been engaged in the manufacturing 
 business eiL'ht years. 
 
 Haime Austin, r 607 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Haime E. C. moulder; r 702 N. First; e s. 
 
 Haime Norbert,moulder ; r 607 N . Main ; e s. 
 
 Haime Wm. mason; r 607 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Haime W.W. moulder: r 1107 S.Church;ss. 
 
 Hair J.W. blacksmith ; r 608 Longw^ood ; e s. 
 
 HALE HEMA:Sf B. Retired Dentist; 
 residence 202 S. Main st. ; East Side ; born 
 in Rutland, Vt, Nov. 26, 1821; came to 
 Rockford, Oct. 8, 1858; married Sarah A. 
 Mead, of Essex, Essex Co. N. Y., Oct. 17, 
 1848 ; she was born Oct. 26, 1823 ; they 
 have one son, Fred M., born Feb. 16, 1861 ; 
 the Doctor and Mrs. Hale are members of 
 the First Congregational Church; he was 
 engaged in the dental profession from 
 1843 to 1877, a period of 34 years. 
 
 Hale J.W. salesman; r 704 S. Seminary; e s. 
 
 Haley Chas. r 605 East ; e s. 
 
 Haley Pat'k, engineer ; r 704 N. Winnebago. 
 
 HAIili ASA, Superintendent Wood and 
 Iron Department of N. C. Thompson's 
 Manufactories; residence 409 Kent, cor 
 Church St. ; born in Erie Co., Penn., April 
 28, 1823; parents moved to Westfield, 
 Chautauqua Co., N. Y., when he was three 
 years of age; when he was about twelve 
 years of age they moved to North-East, 
 Erie Co., Penn. ; at the age of sixteen they 
 went to Utica, Venango Co., Penn., where 
 he lived until 1846, when he removed to 
 Freeport, 111.; twenty-five years ago he 
 came to Rockford, and has resided here 
 ever since, except for a period of three 
 years, which he spent in Chillicothe, Mo., 
 where he carried on the milling business; 
 he has been engaged in mechanical busi- 
 ness ever since he was sixteen years of 
 age; has been withN. C. Thompson about 
 twelve years; first wife was Nancy Par- 
 menter; she died in 1851; they had two 
 children ; one daughter living, Emma M.. 
 now Mrs. John Elliott; second wife was 
 Catherine J. Glidden; she died in the 
 spring of 1857; they had two children, 
 both living now; Edward Dwight and 
 Nettie T ; present wife was Emma M. 
 Raymond; they have three children liv- 
 ing, Lewis P., Myrtle M. and Laura M. ; 
 they have lost two children. 
 
 Hall Chester F r 1215 E. State. 
 
 Hall E. D. machinist; bds White's Hotel. 
 
 Hall Dr. Eli, physician ; r 702 W. State. 
 
 Hall H. music teacher; bds 609 S. 4th; e 3. 
 
KOCKFOED CITY. 
 
 491 
 
 fJall J. J. elk; bds 606 W. State. 
 
 Hall John H. r 107 East; e s. 
 
 Hall Lewis P. r 409 Kent; s s. 
 
 Hall Thos. moulder; r 1504 Charles; e s. 
 
 Hallberg Claus, mechanic; r S. 7th; W. A. 
 
 Hallberg Gust, painter; r 604 S. Fourth. 
 
 HallenGust. mechanic; r 511 S. First; e s. 
 
 Halsted Rev. Jesse, r 1311 Charles; es. 
 
 Hamilton John D. ; r 207 N. First; e s. 
 
 Haniiltoa J.expressnian; r 413 S. Court; ws. 
 
 Hamilton J. D., Jr. notions, etc. ; r 529 N. 
 Church. 
 
 Hamley Wm. J. mason; r 818 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Haml_vn T. meat market; bds 304 Chestnut. 
 
 Hammer Alex, lab; r Lincoln av. 
 
 Hammond C. E.jbakery; r Kent, nr S. Main. 
 
 Hammond Franklin P. bds 804 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Hammon C. N. special agent Travelers' In- 
 surance Co., P. O. Building. 
 
 Hammill A.moulder; rBlake,nr S. Court; ss. 
 
 Hammill John, r 1207 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Ham Freeman, mason; r 403 Catlin; e s. 
 
 Hampton Charles, furniture finisher ; r 808 
 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Hampton J. E. compositor; bds 901 N. 
 Second ; e s. 
 
 Hampton John, lab ; r 901 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Hampton W. H. printer; r 901 N. Second. 
 
 Hancock Harrison, r N. First; e s. 
 
 Hancock John, teamster ; r 709 Fourth av ; e s. 
 
 Hancock Wm. T. lab; r S. Winnebago, be- 
 low Wall; s s. 
 
 Hancox Louis C. G. r 404 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Hankinson Mason T. r 702 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Hankinson R. peddler; r 702 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Hanaford Lyman B. carp ; r 113 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 llanaford M.L. dentist; r 511 Rockton av; ws. 
 
 Hannan James, r 404 S. Court ; w s. 
 
 Hansom C. E. barber; r 204 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Hanson C. blacksmith ; r 801 Second av ; e s. 
 
 Hanson Thos. papermaker; r 910 Fifth av. 
 
 Happes John, lab; r 221 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Harbaugh Benj. r 922 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Harbaugh B.F. brickmason ; r 920 Crosby ;e s. 
 
 Harbaugh Henry, r 922 Crosby ; e s. 
 
 Harbison Omer A. bkpr; r 202 Morgan; s s. 
 
 Harbison W. L. at Emerson & Co.'s; r 202 
 Morgan. 
 
 Harding A. lab; r S. Main, below R. R. ; e s. 
 
 Harding R. R., agt C. & I. R. R. ; r 201 S. 
 Court; w 8. 
 
 Harding S. T. druggist, 401 E. State; r 804 
 Fir.*t av. 
 
 HARDY H. M. Proprietor of Hardy's 
 Hotel and Restaurant, 123 S. Main si.; 
 born in Wilton, Me., June 13, 1824; came 
 to Roscoe, this Co., Sept. 16, 1845 ; he was 
 
 engaged for 19 years in the manufacture 
 of wagons in Roscoe ; he removed to Rock- 
 ford in 1867; worked as a carpenter and 
 machinist two years; in 1869 engaged in 
 the hotel bu-iiness, and has continued it 
 ever since ; married Lucy Ann Chase, April 
 24,1847; she was born in Wilton, Me., 
 April 20, 1830; tliey have three children 
 living: Martha A. (now Mrs. Cl)auncey O. 
 North), Isabell and Gertrude; Mrs. Hardy 
 is a member of the M. E. Church. 
 
 Harkness John C. 805 Corbin. 
 
 Harlin H. C. tailor; r 411 E. State. 
 
 Haimes D. K. machinist; r 409 Morgan; s 8. 
 
 Harmon Daniel, r 1001 Horsman. 
 
 Harmon Simeon, cigarmaker, 501 W. State; 
 r 1001 Horsman. 
 
 Harrison Wm. J. miller; bds Ira Stanbro. 
 
 Harris Edgar, employe R. Trigg; r same. 
 
 Harris J. N. carriage mkr ; bds 301 Horsman. 
 
 Harrell J. F. photogr; r 201 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Harrop Henry, plumber; r 609 Ea'^t; e s. 
 
 Hartsel Daniel, bds 221 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Hart A., Jr., r N. Winnebago from Whitman. 
 
 HART EUCjrEXE, Painter; residence 
 920 Crosby st. ; born at Little Falls, Her- 
 kimer Co., N. Y., Nov. 15, 1850; in ie52, 
 he went with his parents to Beloit, Wis. ; 
 lived there until he came to Rockford, in 
 1875; is a member of the Temperance 
 Union, of Rockford. 
 
 Hart Geo. W. blacksmith ; r 709 George ; w s. 
 
 Hart Wm. I. meatmarket; r 608 George; w s. 
 
 Hart Wm. stone cutter ; r 605 Oak. 
 
 Hart Wm. bds 504 Knowlton. 
 
 HARVEY MATTHEIV, Residence 
 
 912 N. Horsman st. ; born in Scotland, Jan. 
 16, 1836 ; came to Harlem, this Co., in 1840 ; 
 engaged in farming until 1873, when he 
 engaged in the Agricultural Implement 
 trade, with Mr. Ralston; married Jane 
 Ralston, March 8, 1870; siie was born in 
 Scotland, Feb. 3, 1848; have three chil- 
 dren; Mary Elizabeth, born Feb. 3,1871; 
 John Alexander, Sept. 13, 1872; Margaret 
 Isabel, Sept. 5, 1877 ; Mr. and Mrs. Harvey 
 are members of the First Presbyterian 
 church. 
 
 HA!SKEl<L. CirEO. S. Senior mem- 
 ber of the firm of Geo. S. Plaskell & Co., 
 Seed Farmers and Merchants, 112, 114, 
 and 116 Main st.; residence 801 N. Court, 
 West Side; Mr. Haskell was born in Rock- 
 ford, Oct. 4, 1838; he has been engaged in 
 the seed business since 1864, and has the 
 reputation in this country and Europe, of 
 being one of the best and most reliable 
 seedsmen of the world. 
 
 Hastings , r east end E. State ; e s. 
 
 Hawkanson P. shoemkr; r 310 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Hawke Norman A. r 208 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Hawke W.P. elk; r 208 S. Winnebago. 
 
492 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Hawkinson JoIiq, lab ; r 805 E. State. 
 Hawkinson H. cabinet maker; r South e 
 
 Kishwaukee. 
 Hawa Jacob, r 508 S. First; e s. 
 Hawn Peter, r 508 S. First ; e s. 
 Hawn R. H. miller; r 508 S. First; e. s. 
 Hawthorne W.S.clk; bcis 303 S. Winnebago. 
 Hayes Chas. lab; r 809 Maple. 
 
 HAYES OEO. E. of the firm of Hitch- 
 cock & Hayes, Drugii;ists, 323 West State 
 St.; residence 504 Kockton av; born in 
 Prattsburg, N. Y., Aug. 18, 1829; came to 
 Kockford in 1870; married Mary R. 
 Weeks, Feb. 20, 1854 ; she was born in N. 
 Y. : have two children living, M. Kissie 
 and Haltie Lena; have lost two children. 
 
 Hayes Jerry, teaming ; r 809 Maple. 
 Hayes John, r 505 N. Main; e s. 
 Hayes T. engineer ; r S. Court nr Chestnut. 
 Haynes M. M. r 304 N. Third ; e s. 
 Hazard Wm. H. r 913 Rockton av. 
 Hazard Wm. R. lab; r912 Rockton av. 
 
 HAZL.ET JACOB, resides at 301 N. 
 First St., cor. Market; born in Preston Co., 
 Va., Nov. 17, 1813; when he was four 
 years of age his parents moved to Alle- 
 gheny Co., Md., where he resided twenty 
 years ; engaged in Milling business there ; 
 in 1841 he moved to Fayette Co., Pa., 
 where he followed farming tor three or 
 four years, when he returned to Md., and 
 bought the old mill and carried it on until 
 he came to Winnebago Co., in 1853 ; for 
 eight months he was in Mercantile busi- 
 ness at Rockton, then he came here and 
 for one year kept the Rock River House, 
 on the East Side; at the expiration of that 
 time he engaged in the Boot and Shoe 
 trade, and has continued in that business 
 ever since; married Jane Rush, Oct. 13, 
 1838 ; she was born in Somerset Co., Pa., 
 Nov. 1, 1819; have two children, Kate and 
 Margaret, now Mrs. J. P. Largent; Mr. 
 H. antl family are members of State Street 
 Baptist church. 
 
 Heagle J. B. r 501 S. Third ; e s. 
 Heath W. W. r 509 N. Church ; w s. 
 Hedberg Fred, shoemkr; r 310 Kishwaukee. 
 Hedlund C.J. tailor, cor North and East; es. 
 Hefferan Jno. E. salesman ; bds 133 W. State. 
 Heflferan Patrick, lab; r 704 S. Sixth. 
 Heiferan Robt. with C. Henry ; r same. 
 Hefferan Wm. lab : r 906 First av ; e s. 
 Heflfran Thos. gardener ; r 606 N. First ; e s. 
 Heldridge Hugh, room over 338 E. State. 
 Helem Benj. painter; r 1010 N. Winnebago. 
 Helem Frank, painter ; r 1010 N.Winnebago. 
 Helem John, painter; r 1010 N. Winnebago. 
 Helgreen Chas. r 314 S. Water; e s. 
 Helme Geo. painter; r 510 Fisher av. 
 
 Helmer Chas. lab ; r over 301 S. Main ; w s. 
 Helmer John, lab ; r 610 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 Helmer H. V. livery; r 208 S. Church. 
 Helmer Geo. carp ; r 505 S. Pleasant. 
 Helmer J. emp W.T. Crook ; r 104 N.5th ; e s. 
 Helstein Andrew, lab ; r 134 S First ; e s. 
 Henderson H.stonecutter ;bds White's Hotel. 
 Henderson J. plumber ; r 906 N. Court. 
 Henderson P.stone-cut ; bds 414 S. Court ; w s. 
 Hennebery John, lab ; bds 503 S. Main ; w s. 
 Hennessey T. emp R. R. ; r 509 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 Henry Albert, elk; r 311 N. Main; ws. 
 
 HEBfRY CHRISTIAN, Proprietor 
 Restaurant and Dealer in Fancy Goods, 
 Confectionery, Oysters, Birds and Cages, 
 Wines and Liquors, &c., 307 and 309 E. 
 State St. ; resides at same number. 
 
 Henry C. F. salesman ; bds 301 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Henry John, bds 684 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Henry J. G trav. salesmn ; r 634 N.Main ; w s. 
 
 Henry P. hack driver; r 634 N. Main; ws. 
 
 Heny Thomas, tailor ; r 805 George. 
 
 Hepburn G. T. bkpr; r 307 S. Court; w s. 
 
 HEPBURX GEORGE, Carpenter; 
 works in wood department of Emerson, 
 Talcott & Co. ; residence 307 S. Court st. ; 
 born in Edinburg, Scotland, Sept. 14, 
 1837; came to Canada in 1833; removed 
 to Rockford in 1870; married Jane Gran- 
 ger, April 26, 1850; she was born in 
 Canada, April 29, 1830; they have five 
 children, John W., Ellen W., George T., 
 Wm. M., and Chas. J. ; Mr. and Mrs. Hep- 
 burn are Protestants. 
 
 Hepburn John W. cashier Emerson, Talcott 
 &Co.; r307N. Court; w s. 
 
 Heron J. B. machinist: r 1304 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 Herrick E. L. furniture ; r 301 S. Second. 
 
 Herrick Horace P. r 604 Cunningham. 
 
 Herrick L. carp ; r 604 Cunningham ; s s. 
 
 Herrick S. cabinet mkr ; r 404 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Herrick W.A. painter ; bds 515 N. Church ; ws. 
 
 Herrick Wm. r 507 Grove ; e s. 
 
 Hersey H. O. emp Emerson & Co. ; r 308 N. 
 Fourth. 
 
 Hess L. M. tannery : r 706 Pecatonica. 
 
 Hewins John R. painter; r S. Eighth. 
 
 Hickbith John, lab ; r 1007 Morgan ; s s. 
 
 Hickey M. emp Graham & Co. ; res. 1016 S. 
 Main; s s. 
 
 Hickey Matthew, emp H. P. Kimball. 
 
 Hickey M. blacksmith ; r n end Winnebago. 
 
 Hickey Richard, lab ; r 504 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Hickey Wm. lab ; r Harlem av ; w s. 
 
 Hickson P. lab ; r Winnebago, n turn table. 
 
 Hicks A. blacksmith; r 508 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 Hicks Charles, bds over 338 E. State. 
 
 Hicks Daniel, mason; r 507 N. Third; e s. 
 
ROCKFOED CITY. 
 
 493 
 
 Hicks John F. r 1303 S. Winnebago; s y. 
 
 HICK^^ MOHX, Foreman of Black- 
 smithing Department of Enocli & Briggs' 
 Plow Factory; residence 601 N. Winne- 
 bago St.; born in England, Aug. 24, 1837; 
 came to Rockford May 2, 1857 ; he has 
 woi'ked at his trade 24 years; has been 
 with present firm ever since it commenced 
 manufacturing; married Sarah A. Evans, 
 April 6, 1870; she was born in Bristol, 
 England, July 3, 1847; they have four 
 chitdren, Emily J., Wm. C. T., Ella May, 
 and Nellie; lost one son, Charlie; Mr. and 
 Mrs. Hicks are members of the Court 
 street M. E. Church. 
 
 Hicks Stephen B. r 311 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Hicks Thos. blacksmith; bds 1203 S.Win- 
 nebago; s s. 
 
 Hiestand Isaac, carp; r 812 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Higbee Wm. H. r 1003 E. State. 
 
 Higley N. D. foreman Geo. Bradley; r 1010 
 W. Peach. 
 
 Hildebrand Isaac, r 201 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 Hill A. J. tinner; bds 201 S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 HIL.1^ C. C. (E. Smith & Co.) Manufoc- 
 turer of the E. D. Waterbury Extension 
 Rule; residence over 116 S. Main St., West 
 Side; born near Janesville, Wis., Sept. 24, 
 1847; came to Rockford April 10, 1874; 
 Mr. Hill is Supt. of the manufactory of E. 
 Smith & Co., and by professiim engineer 
 and mechanical designer. 
 
 Hill Emanuel, stone mason ; r 812 Rural ; e s. 
 HillE. K r007 N. Main; w s. 
 Hill Edwin N., Jr. check clerk C. & N. W. 
 R. R. ; 609 Morgan ; w s. 
 
 HIIiL FRAlfK K. Physician and 
 Surgeon; office and residence 611 East 
 State St. ; born in Gaines, Orleans Co., N. 
 Y., Sept. 23, 1851 ; married Sarah R. Wil- 
 helm, July 31, 1873; slie was born in 
 Spring Water, Livingston Co., N. Y., Mar. 
 21, 1855; they have one child, Ermie W., 
 born June 24, 1874; the Dr. and Mrs. Hill 
 are members of the Centennial M. E. 
 Church ; the Dr. attended one full course 
 of lectures at the University of New York 
 Medical Department, in 1872 and 1873 ; he 
 graduated from the N. Y. Homeopathic 
 Medical College, class of 1874 and 1875 ; 
 Mrs. S. A. Wilhelm (Mrs. Hill's mother) 
 resides at 611 E. State St.; she was born in 
 Bennington, Wyoming Co., N. Y., June 
 30, 1830 ; she came to Rockford Sept. 15, 
 1875 ; she has two children ; she is a mem- 
 ber of tlie Centennial M. E. Church ; her 
 husband, Benjamin F. Wilhelm, died at 
 Spring Water, Livingston Co., N. Y. 
 
 Hill Capt. Harmon, r 916 Rockton av. 
 
 Hill Henry, r 812 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Hill James E. bds City Hotel. 
 
 Hill John, machinist; r 1210 Rock; s s. 
 
 Hill J. C. r 911 Benton ; e s. 
 
 Hill J. M. blacksmith ; r 404 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 HIL.L. JOSEPH M. Dealer in Butter, 
 Eggs, Poultry, itc, 309 W. State st.; resi- 
 dence 302 N. Court st. ; born in England, 
 Sept. 16, 1847; came to Rockford in 1864; 
 was in grocery store several years; has 
 been engaged in present business 6 years; 
 married Mary Jane Bridglaud; she was 
 born in Seward, this Co.,' April 30, 1850; 
 Mr. Hill is a member of the Episcopal 
 Church; Mrs. H. is a member of the First 
 Presbyterian Church. 
 
 HIL.L.IAR1> MAKTIHf, Dealer in 
 Groceries, Flour and Provisions, 509 E. 
 State St. ; residence 1201 Third av. ; born 
 in Stockholm, Sweden, Sept. 25, 1818; 
 came to America in 1842 ; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1870; married Emily Long; she 
 died Nov., 1873; two children living: 
 Joseph and Emily; lost two children ; Mr. 
 Hilliard is a member of the Swedish Meth- 
 odist Church. 
 
 Hilman Harry P. r 805 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Hinckley A. F. jeweler, 203 W. State; r 304 
 N. Church. 
 
 Hinckley Chas. F. r 1508 Charles; e s. 
 Hinckley Chas. C. r cor Fifth av and Ninth. 
 Hinkley Anson, r School, w of fair ground. 
 Hinkley James, r School, w of fair ground. 
 Hindes H. F. r S. Eighth, cor Eleventh av. 
 Hinds Elisha W. peddler; r 906 Horsman. 
 Hislop James, baker; bds 325 W. State. 
 Hitchcock A. agt Forest City Ins Co; r 
 
 Fourth av, cor Ninth. 
 Hitchcock G. J. drugst; bds Holland House. 
 Hitchcock C. H. r S. Main, cor Lincoln av. 
 Hobart Edward, r 901 S. Main ; s s. 
 Hobart J. A. mechanic ; r 909 S. Court ; s s. 
 Hobart T. J. mechanic; r502 Kent; s s. 
 
 HODGi^O^ J. ^WM. Grocer, 327 E. 
 State St.; residence 405 S. Third st. ; born 
 in Canada, Oct. 9, 1841; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1867; married Libbie Pentecost; 
 she was born iu England ; they have two 
 children, Carrie and Walter. 
 
 Hodnet J. cabinet mkr : r 1105 S.Nintli,W.A. 
 
 Hoepfner Henry, painter ; r 203 E. State. 
 
 Hoffman O.J. cigar mkr ; bds 704 N.Main ;e s. 
 
 Hogan John, bds W. S. Wilkins. 
 
 Hogg William, carp; r 708 Rock; e s. 
 
 Holcomb F. W. r Kent, bet S. Church and 
 Main ; s s. 
 
 Holcomb Moses, painter; l- 803 N. First; e s. 
 
 Holcomb H. W. employe A. Vanlnwagen; 
 bds 506 W. State. 
 
 Holcomb Thos. G. r 203 Pecatonica ; w s. 
 
 Holeham Patrick, lab; r 1005 East; s s. 
 
 HOI^I^AKD, MRS. V. FAXKY, 
 
 Widow of John A. Holland ; her father 
 was Dr. Isaiah C. Goodhue, who was born 
 
494 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNIT DIEECTORT: 
 
 1 
 
 ill Putney, Vt., in 1800 ; he emigrated to 
 Chicago in 1832, where he practiced his 
 profession until 1838, when lie came to 
 Rocliford to I'eside; he married Catherine 
 Dunn, in St. Thomas, Canada, in 1822; 
 she died in 1874; Dr. Goodhue was killed 
 from falling into a well, while attending 
 one of his patients, in 1847. John A. 
 Holland was born Sept. 24, 1815, in Mor- 
 gantown, Va., and died Sept. 30, 1855 ; he 
 was married twice; first, to Maria Louisa 
 Curtis; his children by this marriage, 
 Hosmer P., Wm. H., Eleanor (Mrs. Guy 
 H. Cutting), John A. and Charles ; his last 
 wife was Catharine Fannj^ Goodhue, who 
 now survives him ; the children by this 
 marriage that reached maturity are Sam- 
 uel and Philip C. ; Mr. Holland was a 
 prominent lawyer and banker of Rockford 
 and was prominently identified with the 
 interests of this city ; the present prosper- 
 ity of Rockford is largely due to his vig- 
 orous eftbrts to add everything possible to 
 the advancement of the interests of the 
 public; too much praise could not be 
 spoken of the enterprise and public spirit 
 manifested by him; his loss has been 
 deeply felt by all who knew him. 
 
 HOLLAND, FERGrSON & CO., 
 
 Real Estate and Loan Agents and Ab- 
 stracters of Titles; Conveyancing done, 
 etc. ; Oftice in Price's Block, under Peo- 
 ples Savings Bank. 
 
 HOLLAI^fO H. P. Secy, and Treas. 
 of the Rockford Watch Co.; residence 
 Harlem av; born in Millersburg, O., Jan. 
 15, 1838; came to Rockford in 1846; mar- 
 ried Laura Blinn, Nov. 21, 18G5; she was 
 born in Rockton, this Co., in Nov., 1846 ; 
 they have five children ; Mr. Holland is 
 senior member of the firm of Holland, 
 Ferguson & Co. ; he is also U. S. Commis- 
 sioner and Notary Public. 
 
 Holland Philip, r 720 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Holland S. dentist; r 612 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Hollem Andrew, salesman ; r 606 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Hollem Albert, r 606 Elm; w s. 
 
 Hollem J. H. tailor, L Bacliarach ; r 805 S. 5th. 
 
 Hollem Laus, r 605 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Hollem P. G. machinist; r 605 S. Fifth; e s. 
 
 Hollenbeck C. E. bds 610 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Holly F. A. asst engr waterwks ; r 607 Loomis. 
 
 Holly T. R. agt Rockford Ins Co ; r Long- 
 wood, n of E. State. 
 
 Holly S.T. chief engr waterwks ; r 607 Loomis. 
 
 Holman Rev. Thomas, r 205 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Holmen John, tailor; r 610 Sixth. 
 
 Holmes E. M. bkpr; bds 122 S. Second. 
 
 Holmes Rev. Israel C. r 201 S. First; e s. 
 
 Holmes Rev. Mead, r 201 S. First; e s. 
 
 Holmes Wm. r 608 Knowlton ; s s. 
 
 Holmin August, tailor ; r 405 S. Second ; e s. 
 
 Holmquist A. cutter ; r 306 S. Seventh ; ef s. 
 
 Holmquist E. P. blacksmith; r Ferguson 
 
 bet Loomis and Hulin; s s. 
 Holmquist John, r Seminary s of R. R. 
 Holmquist P. E. r Seminary n limits. 
 Holmquist Swan, carp; r 302 Seventh; e s. 
 Holt Charles, carp ; r 909 Second av ; e s. 
 Holt C, Jr., moulder; r 909 Second av; e s. 
 Homewood David, carp ; r 406 Green ; w s. 
 
 HOOD DAIVIEL :5f. Professor of 
 Music in Rockford Female Seminary; 
 residence 305 S. Third st. ; born in Salem, 
 Mass., Sept. 25, 1834; came to Rockford in 
 March, 1858; for the last 11 years he has 
 been Organist of the Second Presbyterian 
 Church of Chicago; there every Sabbath 
 during this period; lie married Jennie 
 Greenough; she was born in Boston, 
 Mass. ; they have three daughters, Nettie, 
 Carrie, and Genevieve; Mr. Hood has 
 been a Teacher of Music since 1855; has 
 been Professor of Music in Rockford 
 Female Seminary ever since instituted. 
 
 Hooley John, lab ; r 1004 River ; s s. 
 
 Hopkins A. B. agt. ; r Prospect. 
 
 Hopkins W.W. teaming ; r Corbin cor Blake. 
 
 Horan Patrick, lab ; r 72 1 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Horan Thomas, mason ; r 607 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Horsman Chai'les F. r 306 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 Horsman E. A. r 504 Mulberry. 
 
 HOSKIlf JAMES, Blacksmith with 
 Briggs & Enoch; residence 1104 S. Win- 
 nebago St.; born in England, Aug. 16, 
 1847; came to Chicago in May, 1872; 
 came to Rockford in June, 1876; married 
 Charlotte Squire, Feb. 28, 1871 ; she was 
 born in Exeter, England, in 1846; they 
 have two children, Mary, born July 9, 
 1873, and Clara, Sept. 12, 1875; Mr. H. 
 has worked at Blacksmith's trade since he 
 was fourteen years of age. 
 
 Hoskin Thomas, r 706 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Hosmar A. J. butcher; r cor Winnebago 
 and Green ; w s. 
 
 Hosmer C.C.stockdlr ;r Green corWinnebago. 
 
 Hough D. S. grocer ; r 602 Court ; e s. 
 
 HOIIOH JAMES F. Foreman 
 Blacksmithing Department of N. C. 
 Thompson's Manufactories ; residence 
 404 South Church St.; born in War- 
 wickshire, England, December 25, 1842; 
 came to this Co. in 1845; engaged 
 in farming about six years; then com- 
 menced working at his trade; worked in 
 Beloit one year; carried on a blacksmith 
 shop here and at Sterling; began work 
 with Clark & Utter in 1856; continued 
 with them until 1861, when he commenced 
 work for N. C. Thompson, and has con- 
 tinued with him ever since; married Fan- 
 nie Wrench, Dec. 3, 1861 ; she- was born 
 in England ; they have two children, Mary 
 and Francis J.; Mr. and Mrs. Hough are 
 Protestants. 
 
ROOKFOBD CITY. 
 
 495 
 
 Housmau M. teamster ; r 804 South ; s s. 
 Houston James, machinist ; r 1004 East ; s s. 
 Hovey Edmund, employe Samuel Meredith. 
 Hovey L. A. bds 909 N. Court., w s. 
 Howard Geo., printer Gazette; bds S. Main. 
 Howard H. messenger Amer Ex Co. 
 Howard John J. barber; 118 S. Main. 
 Howarth Allen, weaver; r 1001 River; s s. 
 Howe Henry R. r 1201 S. Main; s s. 
 Howell Ezra, r 801 N. Court ; w s. 
 Howell J.B.books 408 E.State ; r 1210 E.State. 
 Howes H, H. r 1013 E. State. 
 
 HOWES PHIXEAIS, Capitalist; re- 
 sides at 1013 East State st. ; born in South- 
 east Putnam Co., N. Y., Sept. 25, 1817; 
 served apprenticeship as carpenter in his 
 native town; came to Rockford in June, 
 1839; worked at his trade until about the 
 year 1850 ; he was engaged in partnership 
 with John Lake in the lumber business; 
 he was two years in the coal trade, but 
 for several years past his principal busi- 
 ness has been that of loaning money; he 
 married Maria Barnum, Oct. 3, 1839 ; she 
 was born in Danbury, Fairtield, Co., Conn., 
 Feb. 20, 1811 ; they have three children, 
 Ellen C, Herbert H., and L. Cora; Mr. 
 Howes was Alderman several years, 
 always taking an active interest in the 
 material welfare of Rockford and Winne- 
 bago Co. 
 
 Howie David, r 910 First av. 
 
 Rowland Alfred, carp ; r 608 North ; w s. 
 
 Hoyt C. L. watchmaker ; r 502 S. Second ; e s. 
 
 Huber Frederick, lab ; r High ; w s. 
 
 Hudler Clark, elk; bds 510 Morgan; s s. 
 
 HITDL.ER WILBUR F. Dealer in 
 Dry Goods, Groceries, Boots and Shoes, 
 etc., 828 S. Main St. ; residence 510 Morgan 
 St., South Side; born in Fallsburg, Sulli- 
 van Co., N. Y., Feb. 1, 1835; came to 
 Rockford in 1867; married Clarinda 
 Braden, Sept. 23, 1872 ; she was born in 
 Greenfield, Ulster Co., N. Y. ; they have 
 one child, John; Mr. H. served four years 
 and four months in Co. K., 56th Regt. 
 N. Y. V. I. 
 
 Hudson Geo. A. farmer ; r 810 S. Court ; s s. 
 
 Hughston James, farmer; r 1508 Charles; es. 
 
 Huguet Chas M. bds 108 N. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Huke Geo. W. carp ; r 605 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Humeston Frank E. elk; r 1106 River; s s. 
 
 Humeston O. nr S. Main; r 1106 River; s s. 
 
 HumestonW.H.carriagemkr ;r 1102 S.Church 
 
 HUNTIiEY MISS E. X. Phys^ician 
 and Surgeon, office and residence 204 
 North First St.; born in Columbia, Herki- 
 mer Co., N. Y. ; came to Fulton Co., 111., 
 in 1857 ; she studied medicine three years 
 with Dr. Chas. Tompkins, of Lewiston, 
 Fulton Co., 111., as Preceptor; graduated 
 
 from medical department of the Michigan 
 University, class of 1873; she is also a 
 graduate of Whitestown Seminary,"Whites- 
 town, N. Y. ; has practiced medicine in 
 Rockford since 1873; she is a member 
 of Westminster Presbyterian Church. 
 
 Huntley Frank D. painter ;r 601 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Hunt H. H. carp; r 1107 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 Hurd Beni. r 501 Catlin; e s. 
 
 Hurd Jos. watch maker; r Lincoln av. 
 
 HIIRI.BUT DE EOS, Carpenter and 
 Joiner, 305 S. Church st. ; born in Groton, 
 N. Y., A.pril 11, 1844; married Sarah A. 
 Preston, July 2, 1868; she was born in 
 Camden, N. Y. ; they have three children, 
 Julia Florence, Marcus L. and Cora May ; 
 they lost two children (twins); Mr. H. 
 served three years in Co. F, 109th N.Y. V.I. 
 
 Hutchins Chas. blacksmith, 512 E. State. 
 
 Hutchins J. blacksmith, 512 E. State; r 308 
 N. Third. 
 
 Hyland J. r 901 Third av. 
 
 Hyland L. W. r 901 Third av. 
 
 I 
 
 CKERBACK JOHN, r 1101 Third av. 
 
 Ick John, bds 901 Fourth av. 
 Idellar M. merchants' police; r 1110 Elm. 
 Tiling E. J. tinsmith; bds 410 S. Main; w s. 
 Inman S. moving buildings; r 1103 East; ss. 
 Inman Wm. N. r 1103 East; s s. 
 Ireton S. H. r 404 S. Third; e s. 
 Irons Reuben H. r 408 N. First ; e s. 
 Irvine J. W. salesman ; r 406 N. Court ; w s. 
 Isaacson A. lab ; r Winnebago, n Whitman. 
 Isbell J. B. mason ; r Corbin, cor Loomis. 
 Itzen Frederick, carp ; bds Hardy ; room 407 
 Mulberry. 
 
 JACKSON A. M. watch maker; bds 308 
 Walnut; e s. 
 Jackson F. A. cigarmaker ; bds Forest City 
 
 House. 
 Jackson — , r 604 Oak ; e s. 
 Jacobson Jacob, tailor ; r 308 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 Jacobson John, r Ninth av, cor S. Eighth. 
 Jacobson Jos. r 610 Seventh ; e s. 
 Jacobs A. D. painter; r 508 Knowlton; s s. 
 Jacobs V. R. painter; r 306 S. Church; w s. 
 James Geo. blacksmith; r 1205 S. Main; s s. 
 James Walter, emp Geo. Bradley; r 706 N. 
 
 Winnebago; w s. 
 Jasperson Chas. miller; r 514 Union; e s. 
 Jasperson J. bds Peter Freeberg ; Park ; e s. 
 Jeanmaire Paul, watchmkr ; r 606 Rock ; e s. 
 Jeffrey John, mechanic ; r 304 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 Jenkins A. carp; r 306 N. First; e s. 
 Jenkins Wm. H. r rear 813 Pecatonica. 
 Jens N. barber shop, 312 W.State ; r 708 Elm. 
 
496 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIBECTOBT: 
 
 Jeratt Win. r 203 N. Second ; e s. 
 Jilsoa Whipple, farmer; r 316 N. Avon. 
 Johnson Aaron, coopr ; r 503 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 Johnson A. emp Emerson, Talcott & Co. ; r 
 410 S. Sixth. 
 
 JOHEfSOX A. €. Superintendent of 
 the Fore:it City Furniture Co., Woodruffs 
 Addition, corner of Railroad av. and Sev- 
 enth St. ; residence on Eighth St., Wood- 
 / ruli"'s Addition ; born in Sweden, Aug. 16, 
 1836 ; came to Chicago in Oct., 1854 ; re- 
 moved to St. Charles, Kane Co., 111., in 
 Dec, 1854, and came to Rockford June 10, 
 1855; was engaged in the business of car- 
 penter and cabinet maker until 1864, when 
 he engaged in the manufacture of sash, 
 doors and blinds ; engaged in the furniture 
 business in 1869, and has continued in that 
 line to tlie present time ; became connect- 
 ed with the Forest City Co. in 1875; he 
 married for his fir<t wife Mary Howkan- 
 son, of Sweden; she died Jan. 5, 1860 
 they had three children, all now living 
 Hilda Sophia, Theodore and Caroline 
 present wife was Hilma Augusta Zelen 
 married June 4, 1874; they have one 
 daughter. Alma Olivia; Mr. and Mrs. 
 Johnson are members of the Lutheran 
 Church. 
 
 Johnson A.G. cabt mkr ; r S. 8th, cor lOth av. 
 
 Johnson A. L. city express ; r 704 George. 
 
 Johnson Albert, lab; r 509 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Johnson Albert, lab ; r 508 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 
 Johnson A. cabinetmkr ; r 8th, cor 4th av. 
 
 Johnson Alfred, r e end Fifth av. 
 
 Johnson Alfred, blacksmith A. Neumeister ; 
 bds same. 
 
 Johnson Andrew, r 410 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Johnson Andrew, r 118 W. Third; e s. 
 
 Johnson Andrew S., r 804 Fifth av; e s. 
 
 Johnson And. W. miller ; r 509 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Johnson C.G. tailor 1. Bacharach ; r Seventh. 
 
 Johnson C. lab; r s end S. Seventh; W. A. 
 
 Johnson Chas. emp John T. Lakin. 
 
 Johnson Chas, lab ; bds 733 N. Eirst ; e s. 
 
 Johnson Chas. lab ; r 901 Third av. 
 
 Johnson Chas. r S. Eighth ; W. A. 
 
 Johnson C. F. carp; r 712 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Johnson Claus, carp ; r 910 Fifth av. 
 
 Johnson Dr. E. J. dentist; r 107 N. 1st; e s. 
 
 JOHNSOX & MIIVZINGER, 
 
 Dealers in Fruits, Oysters, Confectionery, 
 Cigars and Fancy Groceries ; Proprietors 
 of Oyster and Ice Cream Parlors, 135 W. 
 State St. 
 
 JOHNSON FRANKI^IN, residence 
 over 123 W. State st. ; born in Alabama, 
 Genessee Co., N.Y., Nov. 1,1837; removed 
 to Madison, Wis., in 1853; lived there two 
 years; then came to Rockford in 1855; 
 married Almira E. Thayer, of Schuyler 
 
 Co., N. Y. ; they have one child, Nettie L., 
 born Jan. 1, 1865; Mr. J. served two years 
 in Co. C, 15th I. V. I.; enlisted as private, 
 mustered out as Corporal. 
 
 Johnson Fred'k, lab; r 511 S. First; e s. 
 
 Johnson Fred H. r 801 Pecatonica. 
 
 Johnson Geo. tailor; r 311 S. Fifth; e s. 
 
 Johnson G. F. watchmaker; r 519 E. State. 
 
 Johnson Gust, emp F. H.Manny; room same. 
 
 Johnson Gust, lab ; r 403 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Johnson Gust, mason ; r 716 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Johnson Isaac A. r 801 Pecatonica. 
 
 Johnson Jno. P. tailor; r S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Johnson J. P. tailor; bds C. Henry. 
 
 Johnson Jas. teamster ; r n end George ; w s. 
 
 Johnson Jas.farm ; r School w of fair ground. 
 
 Johnson Jens, cooper ; r 1404 Third av. 
 
 Johnson Jno. cooper ; r 405 S. Second ; e s. 
 
 Johnson Jno. painter : r 207 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Johnson I. A. R. employe B. & Sames ; r 410 
 S. Fourth. 
 
 Johnson John, lab; r 214 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Johnson John, lab; r 403 S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Johnson Jos. plumber ; r 407 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Johnson K. pressman Gazette; r 1404 3d av. 
 
 Johnson Benj. lab; r 1107 Second av; e s. 
 
 Johnson Nich. moulder ; r 405 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Johnson Ole, r 704 Fourth av ; e. s. 
 
 Johnson Oscar, r 722 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Johnson Oscar, lab; r 901 Fourth av; e s. 
 
 Johnson Peter, r 209 S. West ; w s. 
 
 Johnson Peter, tailor ; r 403 S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Johnson Peter, mechanic ; r 503 S. First, e s 
 
 Johnson S. A. r 402 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Johnson Sam'l, wire works; r 118 N. 3d; e s. 
 
 Johnson Sam'l, mechanic ; r 307 Bluff; e s. 
 
 Johnson S. G. tailor ; r S. Fourth. 
 
 Johnson Thos. G. painter ; r 207 N. 3d ; e s. 
 
 JOHNSON W. G. House, Sign and 
 Carriage Painter and Grainer, 514 E. 
 State St. ; residence 309 N. Fourth st. ; Mr. 
 Johnson deals extensively in Paints, Oils, 
 Varnishes, Glass, Brushes, and painters' 
 materials of every description. 
 
 Johnson W. P, r 901 Ferguson ; s s. 
 Johnson W. A. painter ; r 307 N. 3d ; e s. 
 Johnson W. W. piano stools ; r S. Nmth, cor 
 Thirteenth av. 
 
 Johnson Wm. r 306 S. West. 
 
 Johnson , musician ; r over 338 E. State 
 
 Johnson Chas. tailor ; r 607 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 Johnson W. J. book agt ; r over 338 E. State. 
 Johnston A. M. oat meal ; r 309 N. Main ; w s. 
 Johnston J. S.blacksmth ; r 505 Kishwaukee. 
 Johnston Morton, r 610 Mulberry. 
 Jones Benj. harnessmkr; r 804 Pecatonica. 
 
ROCKFORD CITY. 
 
 497 
 
 Jones Benj. bds 118 N. First; e s. 
 
 JO^ES CASSIUS €. Teller Second 
 National Bank ; residence 508 Rockton 
 av. ; born at Seneca Falls, N. Y., May B, 
 1845; came to Rockford in 1868; has been 
 with the Second National Bank nearly 
 nine years; married Mar}^ D. Hankinson, 
 Dec. 37, 186!J ; she is a daughter of Dr. G. 
 B. Hankinson, of Manahawkin, N. J.; 
 have one child, Grace L., who was born 
 April 5, 1874. 
 
 Jones David, carp ; r 506 W. State. 
 
 Jones Ellis L. r 808 Ferguson. 
 
 Jones H. A. mechanic ; r 906 Ferguson ; s s. 
 
 Jones H. K. carp; r201 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Jones John, plasterer; r 501 E. State. 
 
 JOXES J. HERVA, Sup't Emer- 
 son, Talcott & Co. Manufacturing Works ; 
 residence 710 S. Main st. ; born in Canan- 
 daigua, N. Y., Aug. 20, 1827; lived in 
 Rochester, N. Y., until 19 ycai;s of age; 
 came to Byron, Ogle Co., 111., in 1846; 
 when only 12 years of age, he commenced 
 work in machine shops, and has continued 
 to work in different mechanical depart- 
 ments ever since; he removed to Rock- 
 ton in 1847, where he remained until 
 he came to Rockford in 1863; since 
 1869 he has superintended the entire 
 works of the firm with which he is now 
 connected; in 1854 he invented the first 
 hand corn planter which was ever made, 
 which remains a staple planter at this 
 time, being extensively manufactured 
 by Emerson, Talcott & Co. ; he is the in- 
 ventor of very many other implements, 
 machines and improvements, among 
 which may be mentioned. Self Rakes, at- 
 tached to the Manny Reaper, Broadcast 
 Seeders, Riding, Combined and Walking 
 Cultivators, Horse Power Equalizers, 
 Horse Corn Planters, improvements on the 
 Marsh Harvesters, etc. ; he is one of the 
 Directors of the Public Library ; was Co. 
 Supervisor of the 5th ward in 1873 and 
 1874; married Paulina P. Austin, daughter 
 of Sewell Austin, of Shirland, who came 
 here in 1840 ; they have one son and one 
 daughter. 
 
 JONE^$ J. PRYNKE, Attorney at 
 Law ; office over Rockford National Bank ; 
 residence 206 S. Main st. ; East Side ; born 
 in Warren, Ohio, Aug. 14, 1852; came to 
 Rockford in June, 1876; admitted to the 
 bar at Boonsboro, Iowa, in Jan., 1875 ; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in this state in 1876. 
 
 Jones P.with Graham & Co. ; r 808 Ferguson. 
 
 JONES, ^VOODRrFF & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers of the celebrated IXL 
 Wind Engines and Iron Pumps; Deep 
 Well Pumps with the " Mills Patent Cyl- 
 inder " a specially; Ottice, No. 119 Court 
 St., west of Court-house square. 
 
 Jones Samuel N. pumps, etc. ; r 1019 W.State. 
 
 Jones T. W. meat market ; r 501 E. State. 
 
 27 
 
 Jonestrang S. r street from Seminary, s R. R. 
 
 JOSLIX JAMES T. Clerk and Book- 
 keeper for F. K. ct W. H. Dunshee; resi- 
 dence at 205 N. Tliird st., East Side ; born 
 in Nichols, Tioga Co., N. Y., Dec. 12, 1859 ; 
 came to Rockfol-d in Oct., 1867 ; lie is a 
 member of Washington Camj), P. O. S. of A. 
 
 Joyce M. (Walsh A: Joyce), r 1005 Third av. 
 
 Judd O. H. salesman ; r 305 N. Avon ; w s. 
 
 Julian Stephen T., K. Bros, paper mill ; r 
 Wall, n S. West; s s. 
 
 KALLSTRAND C. A. painter; bds 513 
 E. State. 
 Kallstrand Charles, room. 
 Kane John, r 320 W. State. 
 Kasten Gust, r 722 N. First; e s. 
 Kastholm E. L. stone-cutter; r 504 Mulberry. 
 Katzung Jos. butcher-, r 1010 S. Church; s s. 
 Kaufman Albert G. r 1411 Charles; e s. 
 Kaufman A. D. cigar maker; r 1114 Charles. 
 
 KAUFFHAX AUGUST, Proprietor 
 Meat Market, 820 S. Main St.; South Side; 
 residence cor Church and Mouiague sts. ; 
 born in Germany, Aug. 31, 1834; came to 
 Rockford in 1854; he has been engaged in 
 present business about 18 years ; married 
 Elizabeth Katzung; they have five chil- 
 dren : Louisa, Annie, Edward, Charles and 
 Minnie ; they have lost one son. 
 
 Kauffman Leo. butcher ; bds 818 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Kaye Geo. hardware, 405 W. State ; r 610 W. 
 State. 
 
 Kaye Geo., Jr., r 610 W. State. 
 
 Keefe Daniel, lab; r 1109 Rock; s s. 
 
 Keegau Thomas, r 1211 Rock; s s. 
 
 KEEL.ER 5fORMAX A. Dealer in 
 Fashionable Millinery, Patterns, etc., 208 
 W. State St.; residence same No.; born in 
 Farmington, Ontario Co.,;N. Y., Sept. 26, 
 1833 ; came to Rockford in 1874 ; he came 
 to Delevan, Wis., in 1840 ; married Maria 
 E. Peets, Aug. 26, 1858 ; she was born in 
 Pike, N. Y., Aug. 26, 1836 ; they have two 
 children : Minnie, born in LaGrange, Mo., 
 April 11, 1860; Harry B. was born in Del- 
 evan, Wis., Jan. ]6, 1864; Mr. and Mrs. 
 Keeler are members of the M. E. Church. 
 
 Keeling Frank, carp ; r 1006 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Keeling John, painter; r 1108 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Keeling Thomas M. r 1006 Elm; w s. 
 
 Keeling S. moulder; r 1108 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Keeling Thomas M. r 1006 Elm. 
 
 Keeling Wm. M. r 1108 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Keeling W. tailor; r 205 S. Sixth; e s. 
 
 Keeley Michael, lab; r 211 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Keeney A. W. paper mill ; r 1009 West; s s. 
 
 Keeney E. M. bkpr Globe Paper Mills, Rock- 
 ford, and Enterprise Paper Mills, Wil- 
 mington ; r same. 
 
 Keeney John D. paper mill ; r 810 Blake ; s s. 
 
498 
 
 WIKNEBAOO COriNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Keeney M. D. paper mill ; r Wilmington. 
 Keig Edward, 1102 Third av; e s. 
 Keith C. H. r cor E. Seminary and S. 3d; es. 
 Keith James L. r W. State near limits. 
 Kelley John, blacksmith ; bds 610 Court ; e s. 
 Kelley Wm. lab; bds 207 S. Water; e s. 
 Kelly Francis H. carp ; r Corbin cor Loomis. 
 Kellogg B. J. dentist over 308 W. State ; r 
 
 210 N. First. 
 Kellogg Geo. F. bkpr; r 1005 S. Court; s s. 
 Kellogg J. K. r 113 N. Winnebago; w s. 
 Kellogg N. S. butcher; r 113 N. Winnebago. 
 Kelley Richard, blacksmith; r 903 Cedar. 
 Kelley S. D. r 1125 W. State. 
 Kelsey A. M. dentist 307 W. State ; r 301 S. 
 
 Winnebago. 
 Kendlehardt Fred, r 708 Elm ; w s. 
 Kennisli John, harnessmaker Elm bet Main 
 
 and Church; r 1002 Elm; w s. 
 Kennedy A. papermkr; bds 308 S. Main; ws. 
 Kennedy John M. employe gas works ; bds 
 
 Holland House. 
 Keogh Richard, watchmaker. 
 Kern John M. tailor; r 512 Hill; e s. 
 Kerr Andrew R. lab ; r 107 Peach ; w s. 
 Kerr J. B. r 518 N. Church; w s. 
 Kerr Rev. Dr. T. pastor Christian Union ; r 
 
 518 N. Church. 
 Kerr Wm. painter ; r 608 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 Kessler Aaron H. elk City Hotel ; r same. 
 Kessler George, r 110 Mulberry. 
 Kessler Henry, blacksmith; r 110 Mulberry. 
 
 KESSIiER JERRY, WithF. K. and 
 W. H. Dunshee; residence 308 N. Fourth 
 St., East Side; born in Centre Co., Pa., 
 Jan. 26, 1838; came to this Co. in the fall 
 of 1870; married Eliza Jane Morey, Jan. 
 13, 1868; was in the army during the 
 rebellion about two years and a half; 
 served four months in Co. E., 141st Regt. 
 I. V. I. ; balance of the time in Co. A., 
 147th Regt. I. V. I.; Mr. Kessler is a 
 member of Winnebago Lodge, No. 31, 
 I. O. O. F., also of Rockford Encampment, 
 No. 44, I. O. O. F. 
 
 Kettlewell Thomas P. meat market 501 E. 
 
 btate; r 113 N. First; e s. 
 Keyes C. E. road master ; r 309 S. Second ; e s. 
 Keyes Fred A. r 309 S. Second ; e s. 
 Keyt D. architect and builder 117 N.Main ;w s 
 Keyte George, r 606 Rockton av. 
 Keyt James, mason, r 707 W. State. 
 Keyt Wm. R. r 117 N. Main ; w s. 
 Kiihl Charles, cigarmaker ; bds W. State. 
 Kiley Wm. teaming; r 610 S. Fifth. 
 Killey J. W. blacksmith ; 404 N. Third ; e s. 
 Kimball Frank H. r 815 N. Winnebago; ws. 
 Kimball Henry P. secy of Winnebago Co. 
 
 Agricultural Society ; r 815 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Kimball Willis M. r 815 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Kimball P. T. express; r 1107 Ferguson; ss. 
 
 King Frank C. book-keeper; r 307 S. West. 
 
 KIBi^G GEORGE E. Assistant Cash, 
 ier Second National Bank; residence cor. 
 West and Elm sts. ; born at Wappinger's 
 Falls, Dutchess Co., N. Y., Aug. 30, 1844; 
 came to Rockford in May, 1856 ; was with 
 his father, Wm. G. King, in mercantile 
 business until 1864, when he became con- 
 nected with the Second National Bank, 
 and has continued with it ever since; mar- 
 ried Alice E. Fisher, daughter of Henry 
 Fisher, who was one of the prominent 
 business men of R<jckford from the time 
 the railroad reached here until his de- 
 cease, in ; Mr. King has one daugh- 
 
 ter, Alma E., who was born Oct. 22, 187l. 
 
 King Henry H. r 811 N. Second; e s. 
 
 King John, r 410 S. Court; w s. 
 
 King Henry, r rear 134 S. Water; e s. 
 
 King J. P. seedgrower, r 820 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Kinsman D. at tack factory; r Cedar, near 
 S.^Court. 
 
 Kingsbury H. grocer, 121 S. Main, w s; r. 
 
 506 N. Main. 
 Kingsley C. M. painter ; r 607 Horsman ; w s. 
 Kirby Edward, carp; r 308 S. Horsman. 
 KirbyT. J. tailor, n2 W. State; r 705 N. 
 
 Second ; e s. 
 
 KIRK ELINHA A. Capitalist; re- 
 sides at 305 N. Second st. ; born in East 
 Nottingham, Chester Co., Pa., March 9, 
 1819; in 1824 his father moved to Dix- 
 borough, near Ann Harbor, Mich.; about 
 the year 1825 or '26 his father built the 
 first mill west of Detroit; they moved to 
 Branch Co., Mich., in 1826; came to Guil- 
 ford, in this Co., March 6, 1837 ; engaged 
 in farming pursuits ever since he came 
 here; for twenty years veiy largely en- 
 gaged in the grain business in Rockford, 
 but at the same time farming extensively; 
 married Rachel Dennis; she was born 
 near St. Thomas, Canada ; they have three 
 children, Josephine Marion, now Mrs. 
 Samuel Kerr, Emeline Elizabeth, and 
 Henrietta Theresa; Mr. Kirk and family 
 are Universalists. 
 
 Kirton D. M. attorney at law, Horsman new 
 block, W. State ; r 606 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Kirton James, r 606 N. Clmrch ; w s. 
 
 Kirton Jas. H. r 606 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Kitchen C. A. dentist ; r 507 Cherry. 
 
 Kjellberg And. emp furn fac; r 512 Union. 
 
 Kjellgren A. painter; r 510 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 
 Kjellgren Aug. lab; r s end Seventh; W. A. 
 
 Kjellgren John, lab; r 510 S. Seventh; e s. 
 
 Kjelgren Samuel, painter; r 516 Union; e s. 
 
 Klein Louis, clothier; bds Holland House. 
 
 Kloman L. watchmkr; bds 112 Second; e s. 
 
 Knapp M. L. 318 N. Avon ; w s. 
 
KOCKFOED CITY. 
 
 499 
 
 Knapp Riley I. r 807 Kent; s s. 
 
 Knight Dr. D. E. 108 S. Main, w s; boards 
 
 Forest City House. 
 Knowles Henry, butter dealer, Masonic Blk; 
 
 r 510 North. 
 
 K^OWLiTON ^^n. A. Manufac- 
 turer of Kuowlton's " New Manny " Com- 
 bined Reaper and Mower; by careful 
 manufacture and honest etiort, Mr. K. se- 
 cured the reputation to the machine 
 known as the " New Manny ;" because 
 that name is now used by others, he will 
 hereafter call his " Knowlton's Reaper 
 and Mower;" valuable improvements re- 
 cently made ; he also manufactures Knowl- 
 ton's Patent Ratchet Beam Cultivator, 
 "Dexter, Junior;" also the "Eclipse" 
 Riding- Cultivator, and Knowlton's Hay 
 Rakes — the " Knowlton Rake" and the 
 "Paddock Rake;" residence 302 N. Main 
 St., West Side. 
 
 Knowlton Wm. A., Jr. r 302 N. Main ; w s. 
 Knudson E. marblecutter ; r 607 Rockton av. 
 
 Knutson , s e S. Seventh ; W. A. 
 
 Koplin C. C. fireman; r 715 S. Winnebago. 
 Koplin J. L. engineer; r 206 S. West. 
 Kouright Geo. carp ; bds City Hotel. 
 Krone J. P. mechanic ; r 708 S. 7th ; W. A. 
 Kruz A. mechanic; r 510 Kishwaukee; e s. 
 Kullbom Otto, carp ; r nr S. Park ; e s. 
 
 LaCOSTE ED. Agent Rockford Watch 
 Company. 
 
 Lacy Miles, lab; r 707 S. Fourth; e s. 
 Ladue J. H. moulder; r 1001 S. Court; s s. 
 LaForge C. C. old iron ; r 303 S. Court ; w s. 
 LaFountain J. blacksmith; r 806 Rock; s s. 
 Lake Adam S. carp ; bds City Hotel. 
 Lake Chas. N. carp and cabinet maker ; bds 
 
 White's Hotel. 
 Lake C. W. messenger express co ; bds Forest 
 
 City House. 
 
 IjAKE JOH^ST, Whose portrait appears 
 in this work, was born in England, March 
 27, 1821. Came to this country in the 
 summer of 1837. Settled in Rockford, 
 Winnebago County, 111., in December of 
 the same year, and has resided here till 
 the present time. Has represented the 
 Second Ward of the city of Rockford in 
 her Common Council, as Alderman, from 
 May 2, 1864, to May 5, 1873; has also 
 served as Supervisor of same ward some 
 SIX or seven years. Was extensively en- 
 gaged in the lumber business from 1850 
 to 1873. 
 
 Mr. Lake has traveled in all parts of the 
 United States, visiting California in 1872. 
 Showing that he is a keen observer and a 
 fine delineator of the scenery for which 
 California is so famous, I insert an extract 
 from a letter written to a friend, and by 
 
 him published, describing the Yosemite 
 Valley: 
 
 " We will go by way of Stockton to the 
 Valley. About forty miles from Stockton 
 we strike the foot-hills of the Sierra- 
 Nevada Mountain range, and for a dis- 
 tance of one hundred miles we cross a 
 series of mountain chains that are grand 
 beyond any description I can give you. 
 In this distance we ascend to an elevation 
 of at least ten thousand feet above the 
 starting point, at which point we are 
 on the edge of the Yosemite Valley; 
 and now in a distance of two miles 
 we descend four thousand feet into the 
 Valley. It is difficult to give a description 
 or to find comparisons to give an impres- 
 sion of the grandeur of the scenery, or of 
 the lofty precipices surrounding this val- 
 ley. Seek the highest mountain in Eng- 
 land, cleave it in two to the level of the 
 sea, and you will scarcely get one half the 
 depth of this valley, and yet it is but 
 about six miles long, and will not average 
 over half a mile in width. Its sides are 
 bare granite; in places are depressions, 
 and the granite rotten or decomposed 
 sufficiently to admit of vegetable growth; 
 in such places we find huge pines growing, 
 the roots seeking support in the crevices 
 ot the rock. The bottom of the valley is 
 a beautiful meadow; through the length 
 of the valley runs the Merced river; some 
 parts are covered with a heavy growth of 
 timber; the meadow is covered with lux- 
 uriant grasses and a variety of flowers. 
 The height of the surrounding rocks and 
 waterfalls is wonderful. Cap of Libertj^ 
 is 4,600 feet high. This rock is almost a 
 bare granite, and nearly vertical on all 
 sides "except to the east. I ascended it 
 alone; no one in the party had the cour- 
 age to try it with me. When at the top, 
 I was amply paid for the toil. Laid 
 out before me was one of the finest pano- 
 ramic views that I ever set my eyes upon. 
 On every hand mountain peaks covered 
 with snow,their bases presenting a growth 
 of mammoth pine, spruce and balsam. 
 Inspiration Point is 3,200 feet high ; with 
 a Dr. Highway, of Cincinnati, I ascended 
 tills point of rocks, jutting out into the 
 Yaiiey— at its extremity not more than 
 four feet wide. We took our seats on 
 this, our feet hanging over the sides, and 
 partook of our refreshments — wine and 
 cake. A slip of a few inches would have 
 carried us 2,000 feet into the valley below." . 
 
 Has visited Europe three or four times, 
 spending nearly a year in 1867, visiting 
 her principal countries and cities. 
 
 Married Miss Almeda M. Danley, Oct. 
 11, 1849 ; her native place was Chautauqua 
 Co., N. Y. Have had seven children: 
 Sarah E., born Sept. 26, 1850; Geo. W., 
 Jan. 17, 1852, died Sept. 10, 1852; Jane 
 Eliza, Feb. 2, 1854; Alice M,, March 23, 
 1861 ; Chas. E., Dec. 3, 1863, died June 15, 
 
500 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIREOTOKY: 
 
 1863 ; Frank L., April 5, 1865 ; Maria A., 
 Dec. 11. 1866, died July 1, 1867. 
 
 Mr. Lake has retired from active busi- 
 ness, and in his beautiful home is enjoy- 
 ing tlie accumulations of years of toil in 
 his early manhood. He is the present act- 
 ing Grand Master of the Independent 
 Order of Odd Fellows for the State of 111. 
 
 Lake J. J. sheet iron worker; rooms over 
 401 W. State. 
 
 Lake L. F. carp ; i- 1006 Rock ; s s. 
 
 L.AKIX JOHX T. Of the tirm of 
 Perr}^ & Lakin, Lumber Dealeis, corner 
 State and Third sts., East Side ; Mr. Lakin 
 resides at 1109 West State st.; he was 
 born at Dresden, Ohio ; came to Rockford 
 in the fall of 1860. 
 
 Lakin Josephus, r 608 W. State. 
 
 Lakin P. H. clerk C. & N. W. R. R. ; r 608 
 W. State. 
 
 Lambert Thomas, r Lincoln av; s s. 
 
 Lambert Henry, r Lincoln av. 
 
 Lamont David, elk P. O. ; r 408 East. 
 
 Lamont Jas. bkpr; r 911 S. Church; s s. 
 
 Lamphire A. B. mechanic; r 607 Morgan ; ss. 
 
 Lampson D. E. wind mill ; r 718 North ; e s. 
 
 Lander Franklin C. r 306 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Lander F. W. sawyer ; r Peach near Avon. 
 
 Landers Harry, r 306 S. Winnebago. 
 
 liANDIN JOHN, Manufacturer and 
 Dealer in Boots and Shoes, 412 E. State st. ; 
 residence 705 Kishwaukee st. ; born in 
 Sweden, Oct. 10, 1839; came to N. Y. City 
 in 1864 ; resided there one yeai- ; removed 
 to Rockford in 1865; married Johanna 
 Anderson, Nov. 13, 1866 ; she was born in 
 Sweden ; they have live children ; Mr. Lan- 
 din and family are members of the Swedish 
 Lutheran Church. 
 
 Lane Frank, bolt shop ; r 906 Main ; s s. 
 
 Lane Geo. printer; r 906 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Lane G. W. hardware, 811 S. Main, s s ; r 504 
 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Lane I. harness maker; r 906 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Lane James B. r 508 N. Church; w s. 
 
 liA^fE DR. ROBERT P. President 
 Second National Bank, cor Main and State 
 sts. ; residence 508 N. Church st. ; born in 
 Bedford Co., Penn., Feb. 21, 1818; came to 
 Rockford in 1851 ; the Doctor was one of 
 the parties who organized the Water 
 Power Co. in 1853, and was most active in 
 its development; was tirst Treasurer and 
 Manager and for many years President; 
 he oi'ganized the Second National Bank 
 in 1864 ; he has been President of that in- 
 stitution since first organization; he also 
 organized the Rockford Insurance Co. in 
 1866 ; has been Treasurer of that Company 
 ever since that time ; the Doctor has always 
 been prominently identified with the gen- 
 eral business interests of Rockford since 
 he first came to the place, in 1851. 
 
 Lane Solomon, carp ; r 908 Rock ; s s. 
 Lane Wm. B. r 508 N. Church. 
 Lane Wm. lab ; r 903 N. Second ; e s. 
 Lane Wm., Jr., moulder ; r 903 N. Second ; e s. 
 Lang Robert, r 116 S. Wyman ; e s. 
 Lansing A. C. feed store ; r 405 N. Third. 
 Lansing J. A. feed store ; bds 405 N. Third. 
 Lansing E. H. r 1003 Horsman. 
 Lanyon D. N. carriage ptr ; r 708 Peach ; w s. 
 LaPointe Alfred, r 1008 Crosby ; e s. 
 LaPointe John, carp; r 912 Benton; e s. 
 Largent J. H. elk; r 606 N. Rock; e s. 
 
 liARGEXT JACOB P. Of the firm 
 of Hazlet & Largent, dealers in Boots and 
 Shoes and Rubber Goods, 402 E. State at. ; 
 residence 204 S. Main st., East Side ; born 
 in Fayette Co., Penn., Dec. 14, 1832 ; came 
 to Rockford in Nov., 1854; engaged in 
 grocery business until 1867 ; since then in 
 present business; married Maggie Hazlet, 
 May 9, I860; she was born in Maryland; 
 they have one son, Clinton, born Sept. 18, 
 1868; Mr. and Mrs. L. are members of 
 State St. Baptist Church. 
 
 Largent Oscar, bds 204 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 Largent Albert, bds C. Henry. 
 
 Larkins Oliver A. r 505 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Larson Albert, tailor A. & D. ; r Kishwaukee. 
 
 Lasher , rooms over 329 W. State. 
 
 Larson L. painter ; r 9th av, cor S. 8th ; W.A. 
 
 Larson Peter, tailor ; r 809 Third av ; e s. 
 
 Lassaman C. mechanic ; r over 108 W. State. 
 
 Lathrop Wm. atty at law ; r 402 N. West ; w s. 
 
 Laurence L. H. r 703 George. 
 
 Lavin Mich, plow maker; r 1001 Crosby; es. 
 
 Lawless Albert H. r 1012 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Lawler Patrick, tailor ; r 701 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Lawler P. at bolt works, 1106 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 L.A'WIiER THOS. G. Milling Busi- 
 ness ; Mill on water power at east end of 
 dam ; residence 208 Kishwaukee st. ; born 
 in Liverpool, Eng., April 7, 1844; came to 
 Rockford in 1854 ; married Fannie A. Rodd, 
 Dec. 24, 1866; she was born in Canada, 
 Sept. 22, 1845 ; Mr. Lawler enlisted as a 
 private in Co. E, 19th I. V. I., June 8, 1861 ; 
 was in the service 3 years and 3 months; 
 mustered out as Sergeant, Brevet First 
 Lieut. ; was in the battles of Stone River, 
 Chicamauga, Mission Ridge, Bailey's 
 Cross Roads, Mallard Creek, Resaca, and 
 all other engagements of this Regt. until 
 close of the campaign ; Mr. L. is Post Com- 
 mander of Nevius' Post, No. 1, G. A. R. ; 
 has been for 8 years ; he is also First Lieut, 
 of Rockford Rifles. 
 
 Lawrence D. E. ins agt ; r. 1006 W. State. 
 
 Lawrence L. C. trav agt ; r 309 North. 
 
 Lawrie J. T. emp A. M. Johnston & Co. 
 
 Lawrie Thos. J. miller ; bds White's Hotel. 
 
ROCKFOED CITY. 
 
 501 
 
 Lawshe Spencer, drayman ; r 308 North. 
 Lawson Albert, tailor ; r 705 Kishwaukee ; e s 
 Laws Jerry, city exp; r 1109 River. 
 Lawison Nels. r Fourth av, cor Eighth. 
 Lawson O. L. shoemaker; r 126 Park; e s. 
 Lawson O. r 208 S. Fourth. 
 Lawson R. employe N. C Thompson; r 405 
 
 Kishwaukee. 
 Lawson S. stone quarry, Seminary, s R.R. ;e s. 
 
 Lawson , bds 304 S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Lawtou A. J. grocer; bds 612 Mulberry. 
 Lawton T. J. grocer; bds 612 Mulberry. 
 Layug Wm. lab; r S. Mam cor Lincoln av. 
 Leach Isaac J. painter; r Lincoln av. 
 Leach E. A. r Lincoln av. 
 Leach Wm. John, painter ; r Lincoln av. 
 Leach W. J. carp ; r 925 Crosby ; e s. 
 Leahy Wm. lab; r 719 N. Church; w s. 
 Lear Thomas, blacksmith; r 1206 S. West. 
 Leavitt Charles, painter; 1509 Fifth av; e s. 
 Leavitt Wm. lab; r 1509 Fifth av; e s. 
 
 liEE B. F. County Clerk; r 405 N. 
 West; born in Owen Tp., this Co., April 
 19, 1842; married Mary Urquhart, Dec. 
 16, 1874; she was born in Rockton Tp., 
 this Co., March, 1853; Mr. Lee was Clerk 
 of the Board of Supervisors from June 24, 
 1869, lo Sept. 16, 1873 ; was Collector of 
 Owen Tp. two years, 1866 and 1867; he 
 has .served as County Clerk since Dec, 
 1873 ; served three years and ten months 
 in Co. L., 8th Regt. I. V. C; enlisted as 
 private, mustered out as Second Lieu- 
 tenant; lost left arm in the fight at Ft. 
 Stevens, D. C, in July, 1864. 
 
 Lee Chas. H. salesman L. Moulthrop. 
 
 liEEDS RICHARD V. Agent for 
 White's Sewing Machines, 217 East State 
 St.; residence 308 Walnut st. ; born in 
 Canaan, N. H., Jan. 3, 1815; came to Ros- 
 coe, this Co., in 1863 ; came to Rockford 
 in 1864; married Mary P. Rice; she was 
 born in Windsor, Vt. ; they have three 
 children, Helen A., now Mrs. J. D. Durell; 
 Lizzie M., now Mrs. John P. Zimmer- 
 man ; and Delia C. 
 
 Leland A.J.register elk P.O. ; bds 210 S.lst ;e s 
 
 Lemley John, editor and prop. Golden Censer, 
 cor S. Main and Walnut. 
 
 Leonard E.M. provisions ;r 527 N. Church ; vv s 
 
 Leonard F. J. confectionery 405 E. State; r 
 501 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Leonardl. A.grocer 329W.State ;r309Horsman 
 
 Lesuer M. L. painter; bds American House. 
 
 Letts D. M. r 209 S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Levings P. R. r 709 Morgan ; s s. 
 
 Lewis Mrs. F. J., r over S. Stern. 
 
 Lewis H. Fay, cigars and tobacco 314 W. 
 State ; r over S. Stern. 
 
 Lewis Wm. lab ; r s e Kishwaukee. 
 
 Lewis Stephen R. woodturner ; r 514 S. Main. 
 Lidell John, emp C. & U. ; r 120 Park ; e s. 
 Lief A. emp Thompson's; r 308 S. Fourth. 
 Lillibridge F. teacher; r 605 S. Third; e s. 
 Lillibridge N. K. r 605 S. Third; e s. 
 Lillie F, B. bds 805 Sixth av; e s. 
 Lillyeholm P.E. cabinetmkr; r 301 Bluft'; e s. 
 
 I.INCOI.N 4]}EORGE, Engaged in 
 the business of Bottling Foreign and 
 Domestic Ales, Porter, Beer, Wines, etc. 
 — orders by letter or otherwise solicited — 
 bottling establishment, No. 408 S. Main 
 St.; residence at 406 S. Main st.. West 
 Side; born in Lowell Co., Mass., Aug. 4, 
 1833; came to Rockford in May, 1855; 
 married Martha Adeline Matthews; she 
 was born in Lowell, Mass. ; they have one 
 child. 
 
 Lincoln Marshall, bottling with Geo. Lin- 
 coln ; r 408 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Linbeck A.lab ;r Gregory betS.4th and 5th ;e s 
 
 Linbeck I.P.lab ;r Gregory bet S 4th & 5th ;e s 
 
 Lindahl P. grain warehouse 202 N. Main; r 
 513 N. Second ; e s. ' 
 
 Lindblade Augustus, emp Briggs & Enoch; 
 r 911 Kishwaukee; e s. 
 
 Lindblade J. emp E.& Co. ; r S.Seventh ; W.A. 
 
 Lindbom John, miller; r 507 Pope; e s. 
 
 Lind August, "r 506 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Lind Andrew, carp; r 508 S. Sixth; e s. 
 
 Lindeloff Alfred, elk; bds 302 S. Second. 
 
 Linden A. W. painter 307 S. Main; r 1003 
 ' S. Winnebago. 
 
 Linderman Jno. H. r 609 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Linderman John, trav agt Emerson, Talcott, 
 & Co.;r509 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Lindervoot J. P. r 706 S. Seventh ; W. A. 
 
 Lindholm .Jno. lab ; bds 307 Bluff; e s. 
 
 Lindfeldt A. cabinet maker ; r 805 Kishwau- 
 kee; e s. 
 
 Lindquist Chas. r 802 Second av. 
 
 Lindsay Albert, clerk; bds 907 Loomis. 
 
 L.II^fI>!SAY JOHIV, Dealer in Groce- 
 ries, Flour, Feed and Provisions, 823 S. 
 Main st. ; residence 907 Loomis st. ; born 
 in Ireland, Oct. 8, 1840 ; came to N. Y.' 
 Stale in 1853; lived there until he removed 
 to Rockford, in 1866; married Caroline 
 Dodge ; she Avas born in Glenn, jMoutgom- 
 ery Co., N. Y. ; Mr. and Mrs. L. are mem- 
 bers of the South Rockford M.E. Church; 
 Mr. Lindsay served two years in Co. B, 
 32d N. Y. V. I. ; participated in every bat- 
 tle that regt. was engaged in ; was Color 
 Sergeant sixteen months, and for eight 
 months of latter part of service was Order- 
 ly Sergeant. 
 
 Lippitt J. L. r 814 N. Main; w s. 
 Lischten Morris, emp A. Vanlnwageu. 
 Lischten Richard, r 211 S. Wyman. 
 
502 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Little H. D. crockery, 201 W. State ; bds 517 
 
 N. Church. 
 Litllefield Dan. C. r 210 S. First; e s. 
 
 LITZELL.E JXO. C. Physician and 
 
 Surgeon; office 316 East State St.; resi- 
 dence 408 Kishwaukee st. ; born in Swe- 
 den, March 9, 1825; came to Rockford in 
 1871 ; tlie Doctor received his medical edu- 
 cation in Stockholm, the capital of Swe- 
 den; has been engaged in the practice of 
 his profession since 1851. 
 
 Livingston Frank, r 310 N. West; w s. 
 
 Livingston Isaac, saloon, 407 W. State; r 
 SIO'^N. West. 
 
 Lloyd Wra. carp ; r 807 Third av ; e s. 
 
 LOCKWOOD ISAAC B. Of the 
 
 firm of Lockwood & Lyman, Wire Works, 
 on Water Power; resides at 809 Mulberry 
 St. ; born in Niagara Co., N. Y., Oct. 12, 
 1837; came to Laona, this Co., in 1839; 
 engaged in farming until he came to 
 Rockford, in 1862, when he went into the 
 Hardware store of Israel Sovereign, and 
 remained with hun until 1872, when he 
 engaged in present business; married 
 Louisa M. Koyl, Aug. 21, 1861; she was 
 born in Michigan, May 30, 1839; have 
 three children ; Iva Blanche, boin April 1, 
 1868; J. Ralph, Aug. 6, 1872; Pearl, Oct. 
 6, 1874 ; Mrs. Lockwood is a member of 
 the M. E. church. 
 
 Lockwood Byroti,eng brewery ; r foot Prairie. 
 
 Lockwood E. wireweaver; r 1203 Court; s s. 
 
 Lockwood Geo. S. carp ; r 803 S. Court ; s s. 
 
 Lockwood Henry, r 809 Mulberry. 
 
 Logan John, lab; r 808 S. West; s s. 
 
 Logue Wm. H. moulder ; r 908 Fourth av. 
 
 LiOCkIJE wm. Undertaker, 502 E. 
 State St. ; resides 409 Sixth st. ; born in 
 Manchester, Eng., Oct. 14, 1820; came to 
 Patterson, N. J., June 7, 1847; remained 
 there two years, and then moved to Chica- 
 go, where he lived four years, and moved 
 to Rockford in April, 1858; he is a cabinet 
 maker by trade ; has been engaged in the 
 business'of Undertaking here 16 years; 
 married Jane Aspden, in England; have 
 five children living; lost two; Mr. and 
 Mrs. L. are Protestant in religion. 
 
 Lonenbeck Fred, r Lincoln av. 
 Lonergan John K. carp; r406 River; s s. 
 Lonergan Pat'k, carp; bds 114 S. Water; e s. 
 Longcor Jas. r 509 S. Second ; e s. 
 Long And. teaming; r 1201 Third av; e s. 
 Long Michael, lab; r 1202 S. West. 
 Long M. emp furniture factory ; r L. Osborn. 
 Long Wm. J. r 609 Horsman; w s. 
 Loomis H. W. r 801 N. Court; w s. * 
 Loreu Mich, mechanic ; r 403 S. Winnebago. 
 Loudy Jonas, r Ninth av cor Eighth ; W. A. 
 Love Harry, blacksmith ; r 405 N. 2d ; e s. 
 
 liOVE .T]!¥0. Of the firm of Savage & 
 Love, Mill St., on the Water Power; resi- 
 dence 410 Morgan St.; South Side; Pattern 
 and Model Makers; General Work and 
 Jobbing in Wood, Iron, Brass and Steel 
 done, and satisfaction guaranteed; ample 
 facilities for doing all kmds of work in 
 their line, upon short notice; Mr. Love 
 was born near Chambersburg, Franklin 
 Co., Pa., Oct. 21, 1835 ; came to Rockford 
 in 1844 ; married Anastasia Young, Oct. 
 16, 1858; she was born in Jefferson, Cam- 
 bria Co., Pa., Nov. 29, 1835 ; have two sons. 
 
 Loveland Harvey S. r 714 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Loveland John, baker; r 914 N. Couit; w s. 
 
 Loveland R. P. r 914 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Loveland Wm. bds 508 Gregory ; e s. 
 
 Lovelace N. blacksmith ; r 707 N. 2d ; e s. 
 
 Lowis J. B. paper and tinware; bds 402 
 Gregory; e s. 
 
 Lowney Jas. lab; r w. E. Chestnut. 
 
 Lown Frank, painter; r 512 Gregory; e s. 
 
 Lownsbury C. W. teacher; r 508 Mulberry. 
 
 Lowgreen O. emp Bertrand & Sames; r 502 
 S. Sixth. 
 
 Lucas Aug. engineer ; r S. Court nr Chestnut. 
 
 Luce C. A. carp; r 701 Market; e s. 
 
 Luce C. D. r 701 Market; e s. 
 
 Luce Frank D. elk ; r 701 Market ; e s. 
 
 Lund Fred, jeweler, 311 E.State; r306 S. 4th. 
 
 Lundburg K. lab; r 517 Union. 
 
 L.lJ]XDGRElf C. A. 301 S. Main, 
 West Side; House, Sign and Decorative 
 Painter; Frescoing and all kinds of Paint- 
 ing in the best style of the art ; Mr. L. 
 was born in Sweden, Aug. 22, 1829; in 
 1851 he came to N. Y. city; lived there 7 
 years, then removed to Minnesota, where 
 he resided most of the time until 1861, 
 when he went to Europe and spent a year; 
 in 1863 he came to Rockford ; he has had 
 extensive experience as a painter, both in 
 Europe and this country ; married Carrie 
 P. Gilson, Nov. 4, 1866; have three chil- 
 dren, Frank G., Fred. L., and Ethel. 
 
 Lundgren Chas. r Fifth av n Eighth. 
 
 Lundgren Chas.blacksmith ; r 403 S. 4th ; e s. 
 
 Lundgren Gust.blacksmith ; r 403 S. 2d ; e s. 
 
 Lundgren Jno. mason; r 610 N. First; e s. 
 
 Lundiu Samuel, r 915 Kishwaukee; es. 
 
 Lundine Solomon, bds 304 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Lundquist Peter, lab; r 609 S. Fifth. 
 
 Lonergan John, carp ; r 1008 River; s s. 
 
 Lundstrum A. mechanic; r 103 Morgan; s s. 
 
 LundstrumA.M. blacksmith ; r 606 S.6th ; e s. 
 
 Luther Vincent C. ftu-mer ; r 806 Ferguson. 
 
 Lyman Edward H. taxidermist, Rockf Natl 
 Bank building; r 1007 Mulberry, W.State. 
 
 I.YMAN DR. J. BALDWIX, 
 
 Physician and Surgeon, 118 and 120 N. 
 Second st., East Side ; born in East Hamp- 
 
TlOCKFORD CITY. 
 
 603 
 
 ton, Mass., April 18, 1820; came to Rock- 
 ford iu the spring of 1858; the Dr. is a 
 graduate of Jeflersou Medical College; 
 also a graduate of Amherst College; in 
 1848 he became Instructor of German and 
 French Languages at Amherst College; 
 in 1850 he was Professor of Mathematics 
 in Oglethorp University, in Georgia; mar- 
 ried Lucy Uepue ; she was born in Haines- 
 ville, N. J. ; they have five children; the 
 Dr. IS President of the Board of Educa- 
 ti<m; he is Examining Pension Surgeon-, 
 has been acting as such since 1863. 
 
 L.YMAX 1!^. E. President Peoples Sav- 
 ings Bank ; residence 504 N. Court St., West 
 Side; born in Rushtord, iVUegheny Co., 
 N. Y., Nov. 17, 1834; came to Rockford 
 in 1873. 
 
 Lyman Wm. H. carp; r 1105 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Lynch John, r 801 Corbin ; s s. 
 
 Lynch John, lab; r 801 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Lynch J. moulder; r Cunningham, n limits. 
 
 Lynch Patrick, employe Forbes & Co.; r 
 foot Knowlton ; s s. 
 
 Lynn Herman J. baker, C. D. Asprooth. 
 
 Lyon D. G. moulder; r 1107 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Lyon I. justice of peace ; r 209 N.Chui'ch ;ws. 
 
 Lyon Wm. G. painter, 1406 S. West. 
 
 Lyon Wm. P. carp ; r 403 Park ; w s. 
 
 Lyon George, lab; r 1203 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Lyons Wm. grocer, 431 W. State; r 207 N. 
 Avon ; w s. 
 
 McAFFKE WM. D. Physician and 
 Surgeon, 106 W. State st. ; resides at 
 same number; born in Towanda, Pa., May 
 26, 1838; came to Mt. Carroll, 111., in 1858; 
 removed to Rockford in the spring of 
 1867 ; married F. Viola Seymour ; she was 
 born in this State ; the doctor is a gradu- 
 ate of the Homeopathic Medical College 
 of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, class of 
 1861 ; during the rebellion he served 
 about one year as Quarter Master, and 
 acted as physician and surgeon in the 
 Army of the Tennessee ; the Dr. and his 
 wife are members ot the Church of The 
 Christian Union. 
 
 McAnarney John, r 503 N. First ; e s. 
 
 McAnarney John, Jr. elk ; r 503 N. First ; e s. 
 
 McArthur Dr. A. L. phys ; r foot Seminary 
 
 McArthur Frank, elk ; bds Cherry. 
 
 McCammond John R. r 918 Crosby; e s. 
 
 McCammoud Wm. A. paper box manufac- 
 turer; r 208N. Fifth. 
 
 McCann Charles, elk ; bds 402 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 McCard J. barber shop, 113 S.Main ; r same. 
 
 McCarrick J. shoemkr; r 804 N.Winnebago. 
 
 McCarty Dennis, lab; r 709 S. Fifth; e s. 
 
 McClafferty Ed. machinist; r 603 Montague. 
 
 McComb John D. employe coal yard. 
 
 McCommons Perry, r 208 N. West; w s. 
 
 McConnell J. emp Graham&Co. ; r 205 Kent. 
 McConnell J .pressfeexier, Gazette ; r 205 Kent. 
 McCormick Thomas, lab; r 904 Horsman. 
 McCourt Patrick, r Wall, near S. Court; s s. 
 McCoy F. mechanic; r 1101 Ferguson; s s. 
 McCoy Thomas, r 904 South. 
 McCutchan W. H. elk C. &. N. W. R. R. 
 McDermaid J. cooper; r 509 N. Main; e s. 
 McDermott'J. M. lab; r 1509 S. West; s s. 
 McDonald Jas. lab; r N. Water; e s. 
 McDonald Jas., Jr. r N. Water. 
 McDonald John, lab; r 806 Horsman. 
 McEwan Joseph, r 924 Crosby; e s. 
 McEwan Hugh, r 924 Crosby; e s. 
 McEwan Samuel, r 924 Crosby; e s. 
 McFarlan Alex, emp Clark and Utter; r 908 
 
 S. West. 
 McGill P. lab; r Blaisdell, w of fair ground. 
 McGinnis Daniel, lab; r South; s s. 
 McGinnis, Patrick, r 1002 Benton ; e s. 
 McGookin Arthur, bds C. Henry. 
 
 McGookin D. mason; r 707 N. Winne- 
 bago ; w s. 
 
 McGrath Dan'l, lab; r 708 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 McGrath Philip, lab; r 1003 South. 
 
 McGrath Thos. lab; r 714 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 McGraw Pat'k, lab ; r 709 Rockton av. 
 
 McGraw Thos. lab ; r 709 Rockton av. 
 
 McGregor W. supt. N. C. Thompson, 304 S. 
 West. 
 
 McGufley E. M. private tutor ; bds 508 Rock- 
 ton av. 
 
 McGuire B. lab; r rear 813 Pecatonica. 
 
 McHugh Josie, emp A. C. Gray; r same. 
 
 Mclntee Matt, lab ; r 720 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Macintosh Jas. C. carp ; r 104 N. Court. 
 
 Macintosh Jos. r 803 Rockton av. 
 
 Mcintosh A. K. carp; r 1123 W. State. 
 
 Mclnnes J. A. clerk Ins Co. ; r 506 S.4th ; e s. 
 
 Mclnnes Robt. W. r 407 S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Mclnnes Wm. carp ; r 407 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 McK15fI.EY ^WM. Grocer, 409 W. 
 State st; residence 605 Horsman St.; born 
 in Gettysburg, Pa., Jan. 1, 1816; came to 
 Owen Tp., this Co., in 1844 ; was engaged 
 in farming until he removed to Rockford, 
 in 1855 ; he was engaged in lumber busi- 
 ness until 1857 ; was Town and City Col- 
 lector in 1857 and 1858 ; in 1858 he went 
 to Mo., where he remained until 1861, 
 when he returned to Rockford and en- 
 gaged in grain business, which he contin- 
 ued until 1870; then he went into the gro- 
 cery trade and has continued in it ever 
 since; his first wife was Matilda A. Wal- 
 ler ; she died in 1848 ; they had three chil- 
 dren, two x)f whom are now living, Leroy 
 C. and Mary A. ; present wife was Mercy 
 L. Nichols ; she was born in Genesee Co. 
 
504 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DTKECTORYt 
 
 N. Y. ; they have six daughters, Frances 
 
 L., Alice L., Eva, Bertha R., Cora and 
 
 Edith ; lost one daughter; Mr. and Mrs. 
 
 McKinley are members of the Court Street 
 
 M. E. Church. 
 McKinnie Frank, r 117 N. Third; e s. 
 McGowan F. mason; r E. State, nr limits. 
 McLaue Edw. r 510 S.' Sixth. 
 McLaughlin Dennis, carp; r 808 N. 2d; e s. 
 McLaughlin P. grocer, 305 E. State; r 503 
 
 N". Winnebago. 
 McLelland W. H. trav agt; r 1202 E. State. 
 McMahon Jas. lab; r S. Wyman. 
 McMahon J. baggagemastr ; r 908 South ; s s. 
 McMahon Michael, r 1017 South. 
 McMahon Peter, lab ; r S. Wyman. 
 McMahon Wm. r S. Wyman; w s. 
 McMann J. H. emp E. S. Smith's livery; 
 
 bds City Hotel. 
 McNeil Wm. elk ; r 1006 East; s s. 
 McNaughton Oliver, furniture xipholstering, 
 
 213 E. State ; r same. 
 McNaughton Peter,carp ; r over 218 E. State. 
 McNeany Arthur, lab; r 502 S. Main; w s. 
 McNeany Frank, lab ; r 502 S. Main. 
 McNeil Thos. r 1006 East; s s. 
 
 aicPHERfSOX JAS. residence 707 
 Elm St. ; born in Scotland, Aug. 28, 1851 ; 
 came to Canada when about tive years of 
 age; lived there until the fall of 1860, 
 vrhen he came to Rockford. 
 
 McRoberts Geo. blacksmith ; Morgan, nr S. 
 Main. 
 
 McRoberts J. blacksmith; r 117 S. First; e s. 
 
 Mabie Rev. John S. pastor 1st Bapt. Church. 
 
 Maguire Geo. W. r 207 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Mahan Thos. lab; r 1007 S. Church; s s. 
 
 Maher J. mechanic; bds 112 N. Second; e s. 
 
 Mahoney Timothy, r Green, cor Horsman. 
 
 Mahon James, lab ; r 409 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Malaney T. blacksmith ; bds 115 S. First; e s. 
 
 Maine S. V. billiard room, 2053^ W. State; 
 r 209 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Mamlberg Andrew, r 607 S. Fourth. 
 
 IIANARD & BRO. Plumbers, Gas 
 and Steam Fitters, and dealers in Gas and 
 Kerosene Fixtures,Pumps, Mantels, Grates, 
 Awnings, Tents, etc., etc., Post-office Block ; 
 Alpheus B. Mauard resides at 708 W. 
 State St. ; born in Canada, in March, 1837 ; 
 came to Rockton in 1856; to Rockford ten 
 years later; was Deputy (Jounty Recorder 
 six years; married Alice Z. Wright; she 
 was born in England ; they have three 
 children : Emma Rosalie, Robert and Sid- 
 ney T. 
 
 MANARD JAMES W. Boards at 
 Hardy's Hotel ; he was born in Canada, 
 Jan. 15, 1835; came to Rockton in Nov., 
 1855 ; came to Rockford in 1874 ; married 
 
 Julia A. Blake; she died March, 1874; 
 one child, James Julian, born Feb. 24, 
 1874; he lives with his grand-parents in 
 Rockton. 
 
 Manard A. P. employe Manard & Bro., r 123 
 
 N. Main; w s. 
 Mandeville Cortland, r 802 Montague. 
 Mandeville E. H. grocer ; r 802 Montague. 
 Mandeville Rev. C. E. pastor Court Street 
 
 Methodist Church ; r 302 N. Church ; w s. 
 Mandevill&F. D. r lOOS S. Church; s s. 
 Mandeville H. D. r 1008 S. Church ; s s. 
 Mandeville Michael, r 802 Montague; s s. 
 Mandeville W. H. baker ; r 1008 S.Church ; s s. 
 Manifold J. N. phys, 820 W. State; r 506 S. 
 
 Avon. 
 
 3IANL.OVE J. €}., Jr., 211 Peach 
 St. ; born in Madison, Ind., March 12, 1839; 
 married Hattie E. Case, April 4, 1870; she 
 was born near Utica, N. Y. ; they have two 
 children : George H., born Aug. 27, 1872, 
 and one infant cliild ; Mr. Manlove enlisted 
 with the Rockford Zouaves in 1861, the 
 first call for 75,000 three-months men ; re- 
 enlisted in Waterhouse Battery from Chi- 
 
 ' cago, First Regt. HI. Art., Co. E; was 
 wounded at Shiloh, April 6, 1862; served 
 until Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
 Manlove J. G. atty at law, over 316 W. State; 
 
 r 211N. Church; w s. 
 Manlove L. A. shirt factory, 212 W. State ; r 
 
 202 North. 
 Manning Henry J. r Blake, nr S. Court; s s. 
 Manning W. A. jeweler, 111 W. State; r 309 
 
 N. Second. 
 Manix Thos. drayman ; r 602 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Manny F. H. agl imp mfg, water power ; r 
 Kent, cor S. Church ; s s. 
 
 Manny Geo. J. foreman John P. Manny ; r 
 619 N. Main. 
 
 Manny James H. with F. H. Manny ; r 603 
 Peach ; w s. 
 
 MAXXY JOHX P. Manufacturer of 
 Mowers and Reapers, on water power; 
 residence 433 N. Main st.. West Side ; born 
 in Amsterdam, Montgomery Co., N. Y., 
 March 8, 1823 ; came to Stephenson Co., 
 111., in 1842; was engaged in farming until 
 1849, when he commenced making mow- 
 ers and reapers in Stephenson Co. ; in 1835 
 he came to Rockford, and from that time 
 until 1856 he was associated with J. H. 
 Manny in the manufacture of mowers and 
 reapers ; in 1856 he manufactured the John 
 P. Manny Combined Machine, that being 
 the first two-wheeled combined machine 
 manufactured ; N . C. Thompson manufac- 
 tured these machines largely after 1862, 
 but Mr. Manny is now the exclusive man- 
 ufacturer; he is one of the Directors of 
 the Winnebago National Bank, and is 
 President of the Rockford Cemetery. 
 
/^l 
 
 /^^'/' ^'(Ci^c^^-^n^^ /^M 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY 
 
i 
 
ROCKFORD CITY. 
 
 507 
 
 Manny John, moulder; bds 1105 S. Wiuue- 
 
 bago ; s s. 
 Manson Louis, jeweler; bds City Hotel. 
 Manuel A. I. geul delivery clkT*. O.; r 307 
 
 Chestnut. 
 Manuel J H. slsman ; bds 51 1 N. Church ; w s. 
 Mapes F. saloon, 328 W.State ; r 403 S.Church. 
 Marauville C bolt factory; r 809 River; s s. 
 Marcellus W. H. watchmaker; r 504 N. 
 
 Main ; w s. 
 Marshal C. B. millwright; bds City Hotel. 
 Marshall E. B. room 407 Mulberry. 
 Marshall P. R. carp ; r 1218 S. Winuebago ; s s. 
 Marshall W. attorney; r 708 Benton. 
 Marsh Chas. carp; r 1001 First av; e s. 
 Marsh C. G. bkpr; r 708 Seminary; e s. 
 Marsh C. S. r 305 N. Main ; w s. 
 Marsh G. L. upholsterer; bds 811 E. State. 
 Marsh H. E. elk ins co ; r 305 N. Main ; w s. 
 Marsh H. C. elk A. C. Burpee ; bds Cherry. 
 
 MAR8II J. B. & CO., Manufacturers 
 and dealers in all kinds of Furniture, 
 Household Furniture a specialty, 404 E. 
 State St.; residence 805 First av; J. B. 
 Marsh was born in Kent, Litchtield Co., 
 Conn., July 21, 1833 ; came to Rockford in 
 Oct., 1855; married Amanda J. Work, 
 June 6, 1858; she was born in Mt. Vernon, 
 O. ; they have two children, Edward H. 
 and Fannie E. ; when 3 years of age, Mr. 
 Marsh moved to Putnam Co., N. Y., where 
 he remained until he came here ; he has 
 been engaged in furniture business here 
 all the time since he came. 
 
 MARSH WM. J. Foreman of Paint- 
 ing Department of N. C. Tiiompson's 
 Manufactories; residence, State st., J^mile 
 west of cit}'^ limits (souih side of street); 
 born in Boston, Mass., April 23, 1840; tirst 
 wife was Mary F. Rhoades ; she died March 
 27, 1875; live children by this marriage; 
 four now living: Jennie E., Ida M., George 
 L. and Emma; present wife was Emma J. 
 Aldrich ; they were married Oct. 25, 1875 ; 
 they have one child, Wm. J., Jr. ; Mr. 
 Marsh was a member of Massachusetts 
 State Militia before the breaking out of 
 the rebellion; during the war he served in 
 Co. F, 18th Mass. Inf ; was at both battles 
 of Bull Run, Fredericksburg, etc.; was 
 wounded at second battle of Fredericks- 
 burg; he participated in all the engage- 
 ments which the Army of the Potomac 
 was in except that of Gettysburg; he was 
 at that time confined to hospital ; he was 
 mustered out atWashmgton, D. C at time 
 of general muster out in 1865 ; he is a mem- 
 ber of Star in the East Lodge, No. 166, A. 
 F. and A. M., and Winnebago Chapter, 
 No. 24. -. 
 
 Martin Chas. E. r 303 First ; e s. 
 
 Martin Ellas, r 811 Benton; e s. 
 
 Martin Geo. A. r 303 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Martin Jacob, mechanic; r 701 E. State. 
 
 Martin H. A. agt ins co ; r 304 Kishwaukce. 
 
 Martin Rev. H. L. r 210 N. West; w s. 
 
 Martin Marshall T. r 303 S. First; e s. 
 
 Martin Mathew, lab; r 411 S. Court. 
 
 Martin P. S. r 707 Mulberry. 
 
 Martin S. ins agt ; r 302 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 MartinS.S.confectioneryS.Maiu;rl205S.West 
 
 Martin S. W. r S. Ninth, near R. R. 
 
 Martin T.M.clk circuit elk's office ; r 303 S.lst 
 
 Marten Wm. carp ; r — . 
 
 Martin Wm. shoemaker W. A. 
 
 Mason John M. baker; r 1111 E. State. 
 
 MASON ROBERT, Proprietor of 
 Bakery 505 E. State st. ; residence 1111 E. 
 State; born in Scotland, Jan. 27, 1827; 
 came to N. Y., in September, 1850; lived 
 in N. Y. and Cincinnati a few years, and 
 came to Rockford in 1855 ; married Ann 
 Murdock ; she was born in Scotland ; they 
 have one son and one daughter living, and 
 have lost three children ; Mr. and Mrs. 
 Mason are members of the First Congre- 
 gational Church. 
 
 Mather A. P. carp; rll09 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 Matthews Wm. F. printer; r 808 Mulberry. 
 Mattson F. B. woodturner ; r 904 1st av ; e s. 
 Mattes Geo. lab ; r 1417 Charles ; e s. 
 Matteson E. S. r 201 S. Court; w s. 
 MayberryJ.C.clk2d nat'l bank ;r310N.Church 
 Mayer Albert, r over 108 W. State. 
 Mayer Chas. saloon ; r over 108 W. State. 
 Mayr Julius, tobacconist; r 716 Elm; w s. 
 Mayr Julius, Jr., r 716 Elm; w s. 
 Mayr O. C. tobacco; r 716 Elm; w s. 
 Mayr P. A. watchmaker; r 716 Elm; w s. 
 May W. H. watchmaker; r 122 S. 2d; e s. 
 Meach Wm. F. r 1108 Elm ; w s. 
 Mead J. F. mechanic ; r 609 Kent ; s s. 
 Mead W. cabinetmkr; r 911 S. Main; s s. 
 Mears Horace, hardware; r 511 N. Church. 
 Meaton T. lab ; r N. Wyman near W. State. 
 
 MEDLAR J. B. Art Emporium Stu- 
 dio 120 West State st., P. O. Box 2028; 
 residence 310 S. First st.; pictures copied 
 to any size, in oil, water colors, India ink, 
 silver crayon, photos, etc.; Mr. M. was 
 born in Fallsburg, Sullivan Co., N. Y., 
 Jan. 9, 1845; came to Rockford in 1860; 
 married Lizzie A. Curtis, Jan. 8, 1874; she 
 was born in Piermont, N. H., Oct. 17, 
 1845 ; they have one child, Bessie Fay, born 
 April 23, 1875. 
 
 Meeker W. V. bds Forest City House. 
 
 Meickle James, lab ; r 1013 Mulberry. 
 
 Meison Theodore, lab ; r High ; w s. 
 
 Meiklejohn J. R. mechanic; r 405 S. West. 
 
 Mellgreen J. weaver; r 603 S. Sixth; e s. 
 
 8754 
 
508 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTOBY: 
 
 Melquist Gust., r 607 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 Melville G. M. printer ; bds 301 S. Second. 
 Mentzer John, r 1005 Benton ; e s. 
 Mentzer Mary H. r 506 N. Court; w. s. 
 Meredith S. B. farm ; r 608 Cunningham ; s s. 
 Merrill J. C. F. bkpr Agard & Ross; r 710 
 
 W. State. 
 Merrick Wm. H. carriage mfg; r 1203 N. 
 
 Court cor Napoleon ; w s. 
 Merrill G. L. livery ; r Kent near S. Main. 
 Mesick P. ins agt ; r 906 S. Winnebago ; s s. 
 Messenger Calvin W. blacksmith ; r S.Water. 
 Meyer J.emp I.A.Leonard ; bds 309 Horsman 
 Meyers J. marble cutter; r N. 2d, nr limits. 
 Mitchell David G. elk; r 311 Chestnut. 
 Midgley T. shoemaker; r 1205 S. Court. 
 Miles Amos, lab; r 712 North; e s. 
 ' Miles S. blacksmith; r 110 N. Third; e s. 
 Miles Fred, elk; r 110 N. Third; e s. 
 Miles W. M. blacksmith ; r 110 N. Third ; e s. 
 Millard B. C. carp ; r 805 Corbin ; s s. 
 Millard B. H. livery; r 1108 S. Winnebago. 
 Millard E.R.papermaker ; r 1004 S.Main; s s. 
 Miller Asher, mason ; r 701 Fecatonica. 
 Miller August, livery ; r 1003 River ; s s. 
 Miller D. printer Journal ; r 123 N.Main ;ws. 
 Miller Edward T. bkpr; r 302 S. Sixth; e s. 
 Miller Elam, r 606 Seventh av. 
 Miller Charles T. bds C. Henry. 
 Miller D. C. r 202 N. First; e s. 
 
 Miller D. W. boots and shoes, 320 E. State ; 
 
 r 408 S. Second ; e s. 
 Miller Frank E. r 302 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 
 MlL.Iii:R O. Ct. ARK, Retired Farm- 
 er; residence 506 E. Seminary st., East 
 Side ; born in Munda, Livingston Co., N. 
 Y., June 7, 1819; married Asenath Jane 
 Chandler, July 4, 1840 ; she was born in 
 Norfolk, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.; Mr. 
 Miller came to what is now New Milford, 
 in this Co., in 1839; he was Township 
 School Treasurer for 12 or 14 years while 
 he lived in New Milford ; he was engaged 
 in farming pursuits twenty years ; in the 
 fall of 1858 he came to Rockford, where 
 he has since resided ; he has assisted in 
 making the city assessments in Rockford 
 several years; Mr. and Mrs. Miller are 
 members of the Centennial M. E. Church. 
 
 MlIiLER GEORGE E. Dentist, 
 Room 2, Post-Office Block; residence 512 
 N. Mam st., West Side; born in New Mil- 
 ford, this Co., Aug. 28, 1849 ; married Liz- 
 zie C. Burncard, April 15, 1872 ; she was 
 born in Indiana, Nov. 16, 1851 ; they have 
 one child, Matlie M., born Jan. 9, 1874 ; 
 the Dr. and his wife are members of the 
 Second Congregational Church. 
 
 Miller H. 306 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 f Miller Jacob, emp C. & N.W.R. R. ; r S. 8th, 
 bet Tenth and Eleventh avs ; W. A. 
 
 Miller James, miller; r 606 Seventh av. 
 
 Miller J. D. meat market; r 1011 W. State. 
 
 Miller John, lab; r 1417 Charles; e s. 
 
 Miller J.R. blacksmith; r 411 S.Church;ws. 
 
 Miller J. T. stock dealer; r 302 S. Sixth; e s. 
 
 Miller S. G. salesmn; bds 310 N.Church;ws. 
 
 Miller W. H. C. farming ; r cor Thomas and 
 John, above N. Winnebago. 
 
 Miller W. H. milkman ; r 1501 Charles ; e s. 
 
 Miller W. L. tinsmith; r 511 Peach; w s. 
 
 Miller Wm. r 210 Horsman. 
 
 Miller Wm. emp W. A. Thompson ; bds 414 
 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Minis C. H. r w S. Ferguson, nr Montague. 
 
 MlliliS GEORGE, Dealer in Grocer- 
 ies, Flour and Provisions, near cor. of E. 
 State and Kishwaukee sts., first store 
 south ot State; residence 1315 Charles st. ; 
 born in Urbana, Steuben Co., N. Y., Mar. 
 13, 1830; came to Rockford in 1849; for 
 five years he was engaged in farming in 
 New Milford ; for ten or twelve years he 
 worked at the masonry business in Rock- 
 ford; first wife was Susan Reynolds; she 
 died in August, 1859; two children by 
 this marriage; only one now living, Sarah 
 E., now Mrs. H. H. Atwood ; present wife 
 was Frances H. Drewnell; married in 
 April, 1861; she was born in N. Y. State; 
 they have two children living, Shiloh and 
 Freddy ; they have lost four children ; Mr. 
 Mills served three years in Co. M, 8th 
 I. V. C. 
 
 Mills Geo. millwright; r 1103 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Mills Henry, mason; r 1313 Charles; e s. 
 
 Mills Phfileman, r 1313 Charles; e s. 
 
 Mills Wm. C. r 407 Mulberry. 
 
 Mmard James T. carp ; r 902 S. West ; s s. 
 
 Minnick Hiram, r 911 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Minnick L. D. pattern; r 911 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Minot A. W. butter tub manufacturing, 314 
 S. Main ; r 306 S. Church. 
 
 Minzinger H. r N. Main, near Harlem av. 
 
 MIllZIlfGER PHIEIP, Confec- 
 tioner ; residence 401 S. Church st. ; born 
 in Germany, Dec. 12, 1826 ; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1854; engaged in present business 
 ever since he came here ; married Eliza 
 White, March 26, 1864; she was born in 
 Germany ; they have four children, Emma, 
 Lizzie, Katie, and Jennie; Mrs. M. is a 
 member of the Presbyterian Church, and 
 Mr. M. belongs to the Christian Union 
 Church. 
 
 Mitchell D. E. barber ; 326 W. State.; r same. 
 
 Mitchell J. B. barber, 326 W. State ; r same. 
 
 Mix S. H. salesman ; r 208 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Moberg C. blacksmith ; r 308 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Moberg J. emp N.C.Thompson ; r 308 S. 4th. 
 
ROCKFOED cnr. 
 
 509 
 
 Motfatt C. Dell, elk; r 807 Cunningham. 
 
 Moffatt G. W. cashier S. C. Withrow ; r 605 
 Oak; e s. 
 
 Moflfatt Wm. E. mechanic ; r 807 Cunning- 
 ham; s s. 
 
 Moffatt Wm. blacksmith ; r 205 Pecatonica, 
 bet Mulberry and Peach. 
 
 Molson Herman, r Lincoln av. 
 
 Molson Wm. r Lincoln av. 
 
 Moncrieff Alex, pressman Gazette; r 906 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 Moncrieff David, carp ; r 906 Pecatonica. 
 
 Monfort L. r 115 S. Third; e s. 
 
 Monks Jas. moulder ; r East ; s s. 
 
 Monks T. wire wks; bds 1106 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 Monks Wm. lab ; r 133 S. Water ; e s. 
 
 Monroe Eddy, teamstr ; r 608 Longwood ; e s. 
 
 Monroe O. eating house Galena depot, foot 
 of Court ; r same. 
 
 MONTAGUE RICHARD, Ketired 
 Farmer; residence 1308 S. Mainst; born 
 in Old Hadley, Hampshire Co., Mass., 
 Aug. 2, 1799 ; in his early days moved to 
 Greenfield; then to Keene, N. H. ; was for 
 several years engaged in the clothing bus- 
 iness at the latter place ; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1835, where he has been largely 
 engaged in farming since that time ; only 
 two settlers, Kent and Haight, here then ; 
 he did not bring his family here until 
 1836; first wife was Content W. Skerry; 
 married at Old Hadley, Dec. 19, 1826 ; she 
 died Feb. 17, 1842 ; they had eight chil- 
 dren; two living; Samuel Skerry, born 
 July 6, 1830 ; and John Vose Wood, Sept. 
 3, 1833 ; lost six children ; Mary W., died 
 Feb. 21, 1851, aged 12 years; Richard W., 
 Jan. 2, 1875, aged 38 years ; Wm. Russell, 
 Nov. 30, 1832; Henry Ward, Aug. 4, 1837; 
 Richard, Nov. 19, 1832; and one infant; 
 Mr. Montague's present wife was Caroline 
 Farnsworth ; they were married at Lancas- 
 ter, Mafes., Oct. 19, 1850; she was born in 
 Groton, Mass., July 18, 1806. 
 
 Montgomery I. S. collector ins co; r 908 
 
 Ferguson. 
 Moore C. emp bolt factory ; r Pecatonica cor 
 
 Peach. 
 Moore E. A. emp E., T. & Co. ; r 1209 S. 
 
 Court ; s s. 
 Moore John, plowmkr ; r 808 Corbin ; s s. 
 Moron Wm. mason ; r 904 N. Second ; e s. 
 Moranville J. emp bolt shop ; r 911 Rock ; s s. 
 Morey E. F. carp; r 308 N. Fourth; e s. 
 Morey E. J. painter; r 110 Mulberry. 
 Morgan Chas. r 1201 S. Winnebago ; s s. 
 Morgan W. A. carp, Salem, bet N. Main 
 
 and Church. 
 Morrill J. H. r 1102 E. State. 
 
 MORSE BEXJ. S. Proprietor of 
 Livery Stables 520 E. State st. and 119 S. 
 
 First St. ; residence 507 Market st. ; born in 
 Canada, May 5, 1836 ; came to this Co. in 
 1849 ; married Caroline Woodworth ; she 
 was born in Canada ; they have three sons, 
 Chas. S., Frederick R. and John ; Mr. M. 
 was engaged in carpentering business 
 about 10 years, farming in Guilford 15 
 years, livery business about three years; 
 he was Town Collector in Guilford one 
 term. 
 
 Morse O. E.carp ; r S. Eleventh, bet Eleventh 
 and Twelfth avs ; W. A. 
 
 Morissey Dennis, lab ; r 201 S. Avon. 
 
 Morissey Thos. lab ; r 1005 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Morissey John, lab; r w end Chestnut; w s. 
 
 Morissey Pat'k. lab ; r w end Chestnut ; w s. 
 
 Morten Frank, bds 405 S. Fifth. 
 
 Morten J. F. carp ; r 405 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Mosher Wallace, machinist ; r 1008 Rock. 
 
 MOUIiTHROP li. Dealer in Dry 
 Goods; residence over 324 and 326 E. 
 State St. ; born in what is now New Mil- 
 ford, March 16, 1841 ; he is the only son of 
 Levi Moulthrop, M. D., and Margaret 
 George Moulthrop ; his parents and grand- 
 parents came to this Co. in 1836 ; his 
 father was the first physician in the Co. ; 
 Mr. M. has been engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits since he was fourteen years old ; 
 he engaged in business for himself in 
 1865 ; he is a member of Immanuel's Epis- 
 copal Church. 
 
 MOUI.THROP I.EVI, M. ». (de- 
 ceased) Eldest Son of Abraham and Ra- 
 chel Landon, was born near Litchfield, 
 Litchfield Co., Conn, Nov. 1, 1805 ; he was 
 a direct descendant of Matthew Moul- 
 throp, who came to this country, and set- 
 tied in Conn., in 1638; Levi received his 
 early education in Litchfield, afterwards 
 studying Medicine and Surgery at Fair- 
 field College, State of New York, from 
 whence he^graduated with high honors; 
 in the Spring of 1836, he came to Winne- 
 bago Co. ; settled upon a claim of several 
 hundred acres of land, near Kishwaukee, 
 now in the township of New Milford, and 
 commenced the practice of his profession ; 
 on the 30th of June, 1840, he was united 
 in marriage with Margaret, eldest daugh- 
 ter of the late Sampson George, and died 
 after a short illness, on the 12th of Sep- 
 tember, of the same year; on the 16th of 
 March following, his widow gave birth to 
 a son, who received at baptism the name 
 Levi; Dr. Moulthrop was a member of 
 the Masonic fraternity, a communicant of 
 the Episcopal church, and in politics a 
 Democrat; he took no active part m 
 either, however, confining his attention 
 wholly to his profession, in which he was 
 pre-eminent. Mrs. Moulthrop, after the 
 death of her husband, resided for the most 
 part in Rockford, carefully attending the 
 growth and education of her son, during 
 
510 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 his early years and youth, when such care 
 was needed ; on the 5th of Decem))er, 1875, 
 she departed this life for the life immortal. 
 During tlie several years preceding her 
 death, "Mrs. Moulthrop had devoted a con- 
 siderable portion of her time to travel and 
 study; she had also collected a very fine 
 cabinet of mineral, geological and other 
 specimens, a field in which she took great 
 delight ; as a correspondent her style was 
 eas}^ and attractive as the many who have 
 been favored with her letters can testify ; 
 she was a communicant of the Episcopal 
 church, and her religion consisted of acts 
 not professions ; her mind was carefully 
 stored with useful information, and in 
 whatever sphere she was thrown those 
 abovit her might receive benefit and in- 
 struction ; she was charitable and benevo- 
 lent to those in need, ever unmindful of 
 self in her ministrations upon others' 
 wants ; her late residence, now in the pos- 
 session of her son, Mr. L. Moulthrop, 
 abounds in beautiful mementos of her 
 skill and labor; her remains rest in the 
 Rockford Cemetery, on the west side of 
 the River, over which a beautiful and ap- 
 propriate monument has been erected to 
 her memory by her son. 
 
 Moulton T. mechanic; bds 205 N. Court; w s 
 
 Moulton Wm. N. elk ; bds White's Hotel. 
 
 Mower David, r 113 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Moxley J. R. hardware; r 117 N. Third. 
 
 Mullings Isaac, r 908 Rocktou av. 
 
 Mullin W. D. mechanic ; r 607 Kent ; s s. 
 
 Mullin Alex. W. r 607 Montague ; s s. 
 
 Munhall W. D. law student; bds 706 N. 
 Main ; e s. 
 
 Munson Chas. mechanic ; r 120 Park ; e s. 
 
 Munson P. G. lab; r 407 Walnut; e s. 
 
 MuntheT. (Munthe & Haegg) r 119 Park. 
 
 Murdock Hudson I. carp ; r 610 George ; w s. 
 
 Murdock Jos. S. carp ; r 610 George ; w s. 
 
 Murdock Wm. r 610 George ; w s. 
 
 Murphy Chas. r 413 S. Court ; w s. 
 
 Murphy Jno. lab ; r 409 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Murphy Oliver, r 108 S. Eighth ; e s. 
 
 Murphy Patrick D. r 812 Horsman. 
 
 Murphy Patrick, lab ; r 322 S. Wyman. 
 
 Murphy Roger, painter ; r N. Water ; e s. 
 
 Murphy T. furniture ; 216 E. State ; r same. 
 
 Murray W. J. cooper; r 1111 S. Court: s s. 
 
 Murrison J. mechanic ; r Knowlton foot S. 
 Church. 
 
 Mutimer D. C. grocer ; r out of limits. 
 
 Mutimer Nathaniel, shoemaker ; r 903 Rock. 
 
 MIJTIMER FRED, Sup't Rockford 
 Bolt Works ; residence Prospect st. near 
 city limits; born in Amsterdam, Mont- 
 gomery Co., N. Y., April 14, 1848; re- 
 moved to Buffalo, N. Y., where he lived 4 
 years; came from there tQ Rockforcl 10 
 
 years ago; worked in bolt factories 17 
 years; has been with present Works 
 about 9 years; married Mary Cornelia 
 Fulmer; she was born in Montgomery Co., 
 N. Y. ; have seven children, Mary Cornelia, 
 Hattie E., Fannie L., P. Addie, Jessie L., 
 Emeline L. and Frederick E. ; Mr. and 
 Mrs. Mutimer are members of the Winne- 
 bago St. M. E. church. 
 
 Mutimer Jeremiah, farmer ; r Prospect ; s s. 
 
 Mutimer Willard, r 903 S. West; s s. 
 
 Myers John, emp I. A. Leonard ; bds Hardy's. 
 
 Myers M. B. paper and tinware ; r 402 Greg- 
 ory ; e s. 
 
 Myers Jno. peddler ; bds 402 Gregory ; e s. 
 
 NAREEN L. cabinet maker ; r 101 Mor- 
 gan. 
 Nary J.lab ; r 10th avbet S.8th aad 9th ; W.A. 
 Nash Elmer W. painter ; r 406 Kishwaukee. 
 Nash Frank W. emp bakery ; r 310 E. State. 
 Nash J. B., Jr., clerk recorder's office ; r 404 
 
 N. First ; e s. 
 Nash J. B. r 404 N. First; e s. 
 Nash Jno. A. r 210 N. Second ; e s. 
 Nashold Jno. r 201 N. Fifth ; e s. 
 Naylor Jno. harnessmkr; r 111 S. Main; e s. 
 Neal Jerry, bds 1001 South. 
 Needles Joseph, r S. Seventh ; W. A. 
 Needham Horace,moulder ; bds 1208 S.West. 
 
 NEEDHAM FRANftlvIX M. 
 
 Foreman Foundry oi N. C. Thompson; 
 residence 506 S. Main st. ; West Side ; born 
 in Wales, Hamden Co., Mass., Jan. 17, 
 1842; parents removed to Cleveland, O., 
 when he was 8 years of age ; resided there 
 6 years, then came to Rockford ; married 
 Mary A. Derwent; she was born in Du- 
 rand, this Co. ; have four sons, Samuel F., 
 Moulton T., George M. and Harry; Mr. N. 
 served two years in the army during the 
 war of the rebellion, first in Co.'D, 11th I. 
 V. I., first three months call ; re-eulisted in 
 Co. E, 74th I. V. I., but was transferred 
 early thereafter to the 92d I. V. I., as Prin- 
 cipal Musician; afterwards went into Co. 
 B, 146th I. V. I; he is a member of Star 
 in the East Lodge, No. 166, A. F. and A.M. 
 
 Needham W. moulder ; r 1001 S. Court ; s s- 
 
 Neisdet Andrew, r 1105 Fourth av. 
 
 Nelson Andrew, lab ; bds 407 Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Nelson Andrew S. emp American House. 
 
 NEI.SOIC AUGUSTUS, Dealer in 
 Ready Made Clothing, Hats, Caps, Gents' 
 Furnishing Goods, etc., which will be sold 
 at all times at bottom prices; 416 E. State 
 St. ; residence 203 N. Third ; born in Swe- 
 den, Oct. 13, 1834; came to Chicago in 
 1854 ; removed to Rockford in 1861 ; was 
 with the army of the Tennessee at Nash- 
 ville, seven months; employed in wagon 
 shops most of the time ; married Christina 
 
ROCKFOKD CITY. 
 
 511 
 
 Mary Peterson, Sept. 26, 1857; she was 
 born in Sweden; have six children, Frank 
 E., Alice M., Ada T., Emma A., Carl A., 
 and George A.; have lost one daughter; 
 Mr. Nelson is a member of the Lutheran 
 church. 
 
 Nelson August, emp N. W. oatmeal mills. 
 
 Nelson B. glovemaker at Muntlie tannery. 
 
 Nelson B. marble cutter ; r 407 Walnut ; e s. 
 
 Nelson C. globe tea co.bds American House. 
 
 Nelson Chas. r 1007 Third av ; e s. 
 
 Nelson C. remp H.G.Allen & Co.; bds same. 
 
 Nelson Chas. emp livery; bds H. G. Allen. 
 
 Nelson Chas. pamter; a 1007 Second av. 
 
 Nelson Gust, engineer; N. O. meal mills. 
 
 Nelson Emil G. elk ; p. o. ; r 419 E. State. 
 
 Nelson Jno. A. r 410 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Nelson Jno. bds 904 Kishwaukee. 
 
 3fEI.SOX JXO. Of the Arm of Bur- 
 son & Nelson, Proprietors of the Rockford 
 Knitting Factory, Water Power, across the 
 race near R. R. bridges; residence 906 
 East St.; South Side; born in Sweden, 
 April 5, 1830 ; came to Chicago in 1852 ; 
 removed to Rockford in 1854; married 
 Christina Bowman, Nov. 4, 1855; she was 
 born in Sweden, May 6, 1834 ; have six 
 children, Alfred, William, Oscar. Frithiof, 
 John Franklin, and Anna Catharine; Mr. 
 N. is the inventor of the most perfect 
 knitting machinery in the world ; is a 
 member of the Rockford Masonic Lodge, 
 102; Mrs. N. is a member of the Lutheran 
 church. 
 
 Nelson Jno. plowmaker ; r 304 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Nelson Jno. lab ; r over 419 E. State. 
 
 Nelson N. A. elk ; bds American House. 
 
 Nelson N. P. lab ; r 718 N. First. 
 
 Nelson O. P. mechanic ; r 406 N. 4th ; e s. 
 
 Nelson P. emp G. Bradley; r 407 S. 5th; e s. 
 
 Nelson Peter, r Seminary ; s R. R. 
 
 Nethercut John E. foreman Golden Censer; 
 r 509 Oak ; e s. 
 
 Nethercut R. E. printer ; bds 509 Oak ; e s. 
 
 JlfElIlflEISTER AXTON, Manu- 
 facturer of Carriages, Buggies, and Spring 
 Wagons; all kinds of Wagons manufac- 
 tured to order; general jobbing and re- 
 pairing done; manufactory 119 N. Main 
 St., East Side ; residence same No. ; born 
 in Germany, Nov. 27, 1837 ; came to Mil- 
 waukee in 1847 ; was in the war of the 
 rebellion; served two years in Co. L, 26tli 
 Regt. Wis. V. I.; came to Rockford in 
 1865; married Teresa Staps, April 12, 
 1869 ; she was born in Germany ; Mr. N. 
 has been engaged in the carriage and 
 wagon business twenty years. 
 
 XEUMEISTER ArOUSTUS, 
 
 Carriage Manufacturer, 212 and 214 East 
 State St.; residence same No.; came to 
 Rockford twenty-six years ago; manu- 
 
 factures all kinds of Carriages, Buggies, 
 and Spring Wagons; jobbing and repair- 
 ing of every description; carriage paint- 
 ing, etc., done in the best style. 
 
 Nevill John, emp Graham & Co ; r Wall. 
 
 Nevill Michael, emp Graham & Co ; r Wall. 
 
 Nevius W. L. ice dealer; r405 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Newcomer C. E. phonographer ; bds 206 N. 
 Church ; w s. 
 
 Newkirk Wm. M. painter ; r 201 S. 4th ; e s. 
 
 Newlander J. r opp Chick & Cox's mill, 
 stone row. 
 
 Newman Abram, lab; r 1010 Sixth av. 
 
 Newton E. H. carp; r 707 Ninth; es. 
 
 Newton Albert H. r 505 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 
 Newquist M. lab; r 115 S. Main; e s. 
 
 Neuman G. D. wagonmaker ; r 108 S. First. 
 
 Nickel Casper, butcher 820 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Nickel Valentine, bds 820 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Nichols Rev. D. B. r 512 Gregory; e s. 
 
 Nichols Eugene, fireman ; r 114 N. First; e s. 
 
 Nichols J. B. carp; 209 N. Second: e s. 
 
 Nichols J. H. engineer ; r 505 N. First. 
 
 Nicholls Oscar F. harness maker; r 704 
 Rockton av ; w s. 
 
 Nicholls W. H. r 203 Mulberry. 
 
 Nicholls Wm. upholsterer, 212 S. Main ; r 
 708 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Nicol A. B. sash and blindmaker; r 911 
 Rockton av. 
 
 Nicol Hugh, stone cutter; r 911 Rockton av. 
 
 Nicol J. A. woodworker; r 911 Rockton av. 
 
 Nicol Robert, lab ; r 911 Rockton av- 
 
 Nicol Robt., jr., trav. agt; r 911 Rockton av. 
 
 Nido Jno. mechanic; r 1007 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Noble Chas. G. wire works; r 407 East; e .s. 
 
 :KOBIvE frank. Of the firm of 
 Spatford, Parmele & Co., Manufacturers 
 of Wire Goods, Wire Cloth, etc., cor. Mar- 
 ket and Main sts., East Side ; residence 407 
 East St. ; born in Pittsburg, Pa., July 12, 
 1843 ; came to Rockford in April, 1867 ; 
 married Mary E. Stokes, of Beaver, Pa. ; 
 have one daughter; Mr. Noble is adjutant 
 of the Third^Regt. 111. Nat. Guards; he 
 served three years dui'ing the rebellion as 
 Commissary of the 5th Iowa V. I. ; served 
 about two years as Adjutant of the 5th 
 Iowa V. C, and was afterwards on staft 
 duty, principally, at Louisville, Ky., about 
 one year; has been engaged in the manu-. 
 facture of wire goods ever since he came 
 to Rockford. 
 Noble W. J. watchman ; r 1101 S. West; s s. 
 Nolan N. horse shoer; r 717 S. Winnebago. 
 Noline Jno. lab; r S. Main below R. R.; e s. 
 Noling L. woodturner; r 801 Seminary; e s. 
 Noonan Patrick, r 407 Hill ; e s. 
 Noonan Thos. saloon, 308 W. State; r 1015 
 W. State. 
 
512 
 
 WINNEBACK) COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Norberg August, tailor ; bds 805 E. State. 
 Norcross A. H. carp ; bds 724 N. Church ; w s. 
 Norcross I. M. carp, 515 Main; r 724 N. 
 
 Church ; w s. 
 Nord John, lab ; r 507 S. First ; e s. 
 
 XORDIN JOHX A. Kishwaukee st, 
 cor. Third ; resides at 305 N. Fourth St., 
 East Side; Manufacturer of Wagons and 
 Buggies; all kinds of repairing and job- 
 bing work done; also horse-shoeing and 
 general blacksmithing; Mr. Nordin was 
 born in Sweden, June 22, 1846; came to 
 Rockford, May 27, 1869 ; he married Emma 
 Peterson ; she was born in Sweden ; they 
 have one daughter, Esther Victoria, born 
 Oct. 19, 1875 ; Mr. and Mrs. N. are mem- 
 bers of tlie Lutheran Church. 
 
 Nordin John, r 307 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Nordin J. wagon-mkr ; r 307 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Norman J. P. prop Brown's Hall ; r 124 N. 
 Main ; w s. 
 
 ISTorman K S. bds 124 JST. Main; w s. 
 
 Nordstrom Chas. r 114 W. State. 
 
 Nordstrom Gust, millinery and fancy goods, 
 114 W. State; r same. 
 
 Norstrum Chas. F. r 904 Kishwaukee. 
 
 North A. J. watch mkr ; r 307 N. Third ; e s. 
 
 North C. O. drayman ; r 409 S. Church; w s. 
 
 North H. N. carp ; r 1201 S. Ninth, cor 11th. 
 
 North H. W. carp ; r S. Tenth ; W. A. 
 
 Norton C. E. tinsmith; bds 912 8. Main; ss. 
 
 Norton G. W. carriage painter; r 408 Peach. 
 
 Norton H. B. r 911 Rock; s s. 
 
 Norton M.A. at F. H. Manny's ; r 904 River ;s s. 
 
 Norton Reuben C. carp ; r 913 Rock ; s s. 
 
 Norton Sam. druggist : r 30G S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Norton W. H. r 912 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Nugent Patrick, lab; r 709 Green. 
 
 Nugren Fred, mechanic; r 303 Bluff; e s. 
 
 Nyberg Andrew, r Park, near River. 
 
 Nygren N. P. blacksmith; r 1106 Fourth. 
 
 o 
 
 AKER JOHN, r 309 S. Fifth. 
 
 Oberg John, lab; r 510 Walnut; e s. 
 O'Brien J. lab ; r cor S. West and Lincoln av. 
 O'Brien Patrick, lab ; r w end Chestnut ; w s. 
 O'Connell James, r 406 S. Fifth. 
 O'Connell John, boots and shoes; bds 606 
 
 Seminary. 
 O'Connell Patrick, lab; r 1304 S. Main; s s. 
 O'Connor C. J. carriage pntr ; r 1507 4th av. 
 O'Connor Jos. E. r 1506 Fourth av; e s. 
 O'Donnall John, lab; r 725 N. Main; e s. 
 O'Dowd John, ins agt; r 1104 S. Church ; s s. 
 Ogilby A. S. T. milkman; r W. J. Cole. 
 Ogilby R. civil engineer ; r 707 First av ; e s. 
 O'Hern John, lab ; r 815 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 O'Herrin John, lab; r 1111 Rock; s s. 
 O'Herrin Patrick, lab; r 1111 Rock; s s. 
 O'Keefe Daniel, lab; r 1109 Rock; s s. 
 Olmsted H. C. salesman ; r 407 N. Main ; e s. 
 Olson A. cabinet maker ; r 308 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 Olson A. W. shoemaker, 416 E. State ; r S. 
 
 Main ; e s. 
 Olson Barnard, painter; bds 411 E. State. 
 Olson John, tailor; r 609 S. Fifth. 
 Olson John, lab; r 1311 Third av. 
 Olson John, bds 302 S. Second. . 
 Olson Peter, lab ; r S. Main, below R.R. ; e s. 
 Olsson Van, shoemaker ; r 508 Walnut ; e s. 
 Olsson Henry, lab ; r 507 N. Second ; e s. 
 Olsson S. W. shoemaker; r 508 Walnut. 
 
 Olsson , shoemaker; bds 411 E. State. 
 
 Olstrum John, lab; r 309 S. Fifth; e s. 
 O'Neil R. E. printer; r 123 N. Main; w s. 
 Onthank C.W.glovemkr ; r 713 S.Winnebago. 
 Oppelquist John, r 509 S. First; e s. 
 O'Rourke Thomas, employe A. & R.; r 910 
 
 South ; s s. 
 Orput E. L. r 706 Kishwaukee. 
 Orput Geo. D. r 706 Kishwaukee. 
 Orput John B. r 706 Kishwaukee. 
 Orput John M. r 706 Kishwaukee. 
 Orr Edgar, r 1409 Third av ; e s. 
 Orton I. mason; r 508 Pope, nr Kishwaukee. 
 
 ORVISS EUGEXE E. Manufacturing 
 Jeweler, of the firm of Clark & Orvis, 
 Jewelers and Watchmakers, 408 E. State 
 St.; r 330 E. State; born in Waukesha. 
 Wis., Aug. 30, 1855 ; came to Rockford in 
 June, 1876; married Maltie H. Wise, Mch. 
 15,1877; she was born in Freeport, 111.; 
 Mr. Orvis has been engaged in the manu- 
 facture of jewelry five years, and is an ac- 
 complished workman; his firm does all 
 kinds of watch and jewelry repairing, in 
 the finest manner and at lowest prices for 
 first-class work. 
 
 Osborne C. E. r 705 E. State. 
 
 Osborne U.C.watchmkr; bds 210 S.First;es. 
 
 Osborn A. S. gunsmith, 112 W. State; r 203 
 N. Church. 
 
 Osborn Lewis, farmer; r S. Eighth; W. A. 
 
 Osborn V. D. carp ; r 1001 Rock ; w s. 
 
 Ostberg G. P. r foot Loomis ; s s. 
 
 Ostrom George, employe C. Russell. 
 
 Ovall John, lab ; r stone row opposite Chick 
 & Cox mill. 
 
 Owen Patrick, lab; r 919 N. Court; w s. 
 
 PADDOCK WIILIAM, r 1003 S. West; 
 s s. 
 Paine Charles, agent Rockford Ins Co; r 
 
 1008 S. Main ; s s. 
 Painter Theodore, plasterer; r S. 8th; W.A. 
 Palmer Albert Z. r 705 Pecatonica. 
 
ROOKFOED CITY. 
 
 513 
 
 Palmer George H. r S. Eighth ; W. A. 
 Palmer Gilbert D. r 802 W. State. 
 
 FAL.IHER HEXRY H. Manufac- 
 turer of Churns, 601 S. Pleasant st. ; resi- 
 dence same number; born in Hillsdale, 
 Columbia Co., N. Y., July 2, 1824; came 
 to Dupage Co., 111., in 1855, and to Rock- 
 ford in 1856 ; he has been engaged in in- 
 venting and manufacturing business ever 
 since he came here ; he has given much 
 of his attention to inventions ; eight pat- 
 ents have been issued to him for valuable 
 inventions; married Louisa H. Mitchell, 
 Feb. 29, 1848 ; she was born in Hillsdale, 
 N. Y., Nov. 26, 1826 ; they have one son, 
 Samuel D., who was born in 1848; Mr. 
 and Mrs. Palmer are members of the 
 Christian Union Church. 
 
 Palmer J. J. mail agent; r 109 S. First; e s. 
 
 PALMER (T. F.) & CO. Dealers in 
 
 Hardware, Stoves, Wagon Materials, Iron, 
 
 V' Tinware, &c., 429 E. State st.; T. F. 
 
 \ Palmer was born in Pittstield, Rutland 
 Co., Vt., June 8, 1829 ; came to Rockford 
 in March, 1856 ; married Sarah Wiswell, 
 July 14, 1868 ; she was born at Vallonia 
 Springs, Broome Co., N. Y.; J. B. Moxley 
 was born in Baltimore, Md., Oct. 25, 1832 ; 
 came to Dixon, 111., in 1854; to Rockford 
 in 1856; married Ellen J. Hale, of St. 
 Johnsbury, Vt. ; they have one daughter, 
 Marion H. 
 
 Palmer W. H. hardware ; r 207 N. Third. 
 
 Palmer Wm. T. r 802 W. State. 
 
 Palmer Z. S. r 705 Pecatonica. 
 
 Palm John A. mason ; r 801 Second av. 
 
 Palmquist Frank, mason; r 1112 Fourth av. 
 
 Parker C.W. watchmaker; r 702 S.Seminary. 
 
 Parker ErastusE. r 819 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Parker Geo. r 609 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 
 Parker G. W. r 803 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Parker N. watchmkr; r 608 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Parker R. M. piano stool mfg; office 418 S. 
 Court ; bds 501 Catlin ; e s. 
 
 Parker W. machinist; r 702 S.Seminary; e s. 
 
 Parkhurst G. C. carp; bds 121 S. Court; ws. 
 
 FARMEIiE CHAS. O, Of the Firm 
 ot Spatlbrd, Parmele and Co., manufactu- 
 rers of Wire Goods; residence 511 Walnut 
 St. ; Mr. Parmele was born in Lima, Liv- 
 ingston Co., N. Y., Jan. 30, 1838; he came 
 to Rockford in 1857; married Maria E. 
 Pratt, Nov. 24, 1862 ; she was born in Can- 
 ada ; they have two sons and one daughter. 
 
 Parmele Jas. A. bkpr; r 511 Walnut; e s. 
 
 Parmele M. S. cashier Rockford National 
 Bank ; r 307 S. Second. 
 
 Parmele Wm. furniture, 117 S. Main; r 509 
 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Parsons N. B. r 1106 Fourth av. 
 
 Patch W. A. watchmkr; r 609 Sixth av; e s. 
 
 Patrick Fred, watchmkr ; bds 109 N. 3d ; e s. 
 
 Patterson Alex, r 303 Longwood ; e s. 
 Patterson Geo. W. meat market; r 306 N. 
 Fourth ; e s. 
 
 FATTERSON JAS. H. Of the 
 
 Firm of Patterson Bros., Proprietors of 
 Meat Market, 421 E. State st. ; residence 
 502 Catlin st. ; born in Rockford, Sept. 13, 
 1844; first wife was Mary E. Edie; she 
 died Sept. 22, 1874; one cliild by this mar- 
 riage, Mary E. ; now living; Mr. Patter- 
 son's present wife was Mrs. Rosina White; 
 married in Oct., 1876; Mr. and Mrs. P. 
 are members of the Second Presbyterian 
 Church; Mr. P. served one year in Co. A, 
 147th I. V. I. 
 
 Patterson John L. r 208 S. Church ; w s. 
 
 Patterson Orlando, r 1107 Rock; s s. 
 
 Patterson W. C. r 809 George ; w s. 
 
 Patterson Wm. T. r 310 E. State. 
 
 Patterson Wm. r 305 Mulberry; w s. 
 
 Patton T. emp. American express company ; 
 bds American House. 
 
 Paul Jas. M. carp ; r 508 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Paul John, prop White's Hotel ; r same. 
 
 Paxson A. jeweler; r 522 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Paxson C. F. elk; r 522 N. Church. 
 
 Paye Jos. blacksmith; r Ferguson, cor 
 Hulin ; s s. 
 
 Payne A. D. piano stools ; r 305 S First ; e s. 
 
 Payne R. C. piano stools ; r 305 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Peacock Edwin H. r 502 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 FEACOCK JOIS^ATHAJr, Propri- 
 etor of Rockford Brewery, 502 N. Main st. ; 
 East Side; residence at same number; 
 born in England, June 1, 1821 ; came to 
 Chicago in 1846; worked with Lill & 
 Diversey three years, and came to Rock- 
 ford in 1849 ; purchased the ground where 
 the Brewery is now located, from Wm. 
 Fulton in 1849, and commenced manufac- 
 turing beer and ale the same year ; mar- 
 ried Eliza Hammond, in England, Sept. 
 17, 1856 ; she was born in England ; they 
 have five children living; Edwin H., Jon- 
 athan D., Charles, Frank and Olive; lost 
 one daughter, Ida J., who died June 13, 
 1877, aged fifteen years. 
 
 Peake Fred'k, teacher ; r 505 East ; e s. 
 
 Peake Henry, harnessmaking,bds City Hotel. 
 
 Peake L. harnessmaking, Kishwaukee, near 
 E. State ; r 505 East ; e s. 
 
 Peake Wm. F. harness, trunk and bag man- 
 ufacturing, 116 W. State; r 206 S. 2d; e s. 
 
 FEATS FRAXK F. Sheriff of Win- 
 nebago Co. ; born in N. Y. city, Oct. 21, 
 1834; came to Rockford m 1855; married 
 Bessie R. Tew, Nov., 1861; was elected 
 Sheriff in fall of 1872 ; now serving his 
 third term. 
 
 Peck Philip, painter; r 108 S. Eighth; e s. 
 
 Peck F. C. pianos and organs ; r 1002 E.State. 
 
 Peck Geo. moulder; r 808 S. Main; s s. 
 
614 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DrEECTOKT: 
 
 Peck Bradford, musical instruments, 316 W. 
 
 State ; 609 S Fourth ; e s. 
 Peck Walter, windmills ; 1009 Charles ; e s. 
 Pedler S.P. salesman ; bds 610 Mulberry ; w s. 
 Peers Henry, carp ; r 208 N. Fourth ; e s. 
 Peers J. C. jeweler; r 405 S. Church; w s. 
 Peggs A^m. B. ins agt; r 903. Ferguson; s s. 
 Pells S. E. emp tack factory ; r 504 Knowlton. 
 Pells Wm. J. Oregon stage driver ; r 705 Hors- 
 
 man. 
 Pendergast D.emp E.T.& Co. ; r 905 Rock ; s s. 
 Pendergast Jas. lab ; r 1206 S. Court ; s s. 
 Pendergast Lawrence, r402 S. West. 
 Pendergast Lawrence, lab ; r Wall. 
 Pendergast R. r Montague cor S. Church ; s s. 
 Pendergast Wm. lab; r 402 S. West. 
 Pendergast Wm. lab; 407 Rural; e s. 
 Penfield Chas. S. elk; r 902 Third av; e s. 
 Penfield S. F. real estate ; r 902 Third av. 
 Penfield Geo. F. real estate ; r 207 S. Fourth. 
 Penfield Ed. M. money order elk p. o. ; r 902 
 
 Third av. 
 
 PEXFIEI^D JOHN G, Loan and 
 Note Broker, Conveyancer, Notary Public 
 and Dealer in Real Estate; money in hand 
 to loan on good security, at lowest rates, 
 witliout unnecessary delay; he has con- 
 siderable city and farm property for sale 
 and rent upon favorable terms; oflice 323 
 East State St., over Third National Bank; 
 residence 804 Seminary st. ; Mr. ' Penfield 
 was born in Pittsford, Rutland Co., Vt. ; 
 was for several years engaged in Woolen 
 and Cotton Manufacturing in Pittsford; 
 removed to Rockford in 1854, since which 
 time he has been engaged in the Loaning 
 and Real Estate business ; married Mary 
 E. Crosby, Oct. 22, 1856 ; she was born in 
 Troy, N. H.; have three daughters, Helen 
 M., Fannie H., and Katie C. 
 
 Pepper H. L. carp ; r 703 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Penneil Jonathan, cabinetmaker; bds 1104 
 Ferguson ; w s. 
 
 Penny J. A. salesman ; r 206 N. West. 
 
 Pennock W. D. r 1314 Charles; e s. 
 
 PENlfOYER OlilVER A. Attor 
 ney. Abstractor of Land Titles, Notary 
 Public; residence East St., near E. State 
 St.; born in N. Y., July 15, 1826; came to 
 Rockford in Jan., 1857; married Marga- 
 ret L. Morris, June, 1856; she was born in 
 Pouiiac, Mich., May 23,1830; have four 
 children, all deceased; admitted as Attor- 
 ney in Illinois, May 4, 1857, and as Attor- 
 ney of the U. S. Supreme Court, Jan. 7, 
 1869 ; elected Clerk Circuit Court and Re- 
 corder, Nov. election, 1860, for four years ; 
 City Clerk of Rockford from April, 1866, 
 one year ; elected Justice Peace, April 28, 
 1866; resigned in 1868; engaged mostly 
 in Abstracting and Recorder's office since 
 1847. 
 
 Pensteel Casper, lab ; r 1301 Charles ; e s. 
 Pensteel Sam'l, lab; r 1301 Charles; e s. 
 Pensteel W. G. barber; r 912 N. Court; w s. 
 Pensteel Wm. lab; r 1301 Charles; e s. 
 Perine Mark, watchmkr ; bds 107 N. 1st ; e s. 
 Perkins C. emp tack factory; bds 201 N. 
 Maine; w s. 
 
 PERKINS J. P. Agent C. & N. W. 
 Railway; residence 305 S. Church St.; 
 born in Essex, Mass., March 27, 1S35 ; in 
 1838 his parents removed to Cook Co. ; he 
 was engaged in farming pursuits till 1853; 
 in 1856 he went into the employ of the C. 
 & N. W. Railroad, and has continued 
 with that company ever since; came to 
 Rockford in 1864 ; has the entire manage- 
 ment of the Galena & Kenosha Division 
 of tlie C. & N. W. Railroad at this point ; 
 married Isabella J. Reynolds, May, 1859; 
 she was born iu Burdette, Schuyler Co., 
 N. Y. ; they have one child, Geo. P., who 
 was born March, 1861 ; Mrs. Perkins is a 
 member of the Second Congregational 
 Church. 
 
 Perry E. B. lumber; r 803 E. State. 
 
 PERRY JSEELY, Lumber Dealer; 
 yard, cor State and Third sts. ; residence 
 307 S. First st. ; born in Stockbridge,Berk- 
 shire Co., Mass., Aug. 10, 1822; came to 
 Rockton, in this Co., in 1849; came to 
 Rockford in 1851 ; Mr. Perrv was Mayor 
 of Rockford in 1858 and 1859 ; was Alder- 
 man 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876. 
 
 Perry Wm. F. r 1107 Charles; e s. 
 
 Pershall G. W. rule maker; r 1003 S. 
 Church ; s s. 
 
 PETERS REV. GUSTAVUS, 
 Pastor of the Swedish Evangelical Luth- 
 eran Church; East Side; residence 505 E. 
 Seminary st. ; born in Sweden, Jan. 4, 
 1832; came to Chicago in 1859; one year 
 was as.sistaut pastor of Immauuel's Church 
 in Chicago ; was for three j^ears pastor of 
 Lutheran Church at Moline; came to 
 Rockford in June, 1864, and has continued 
 as pastor of the church here ever since ; 
 was educated at Calmar Seminary and at 
 Stockholm ; ordained to the holy ministry 
 at Clinton, Rock Co., Wis., June 10, 1860; 
 first wife was Ida H. Strone, of Sweden; 
 she died at Moline, May 18, 1862; they 
 had one child; deceased; present wife was 
 Sarah Johnson; married Oct. 8, 1864; she 
 was born in Sweden ; they have four chil- 
 dren living, John T., Esther, Ebenezer 
 and Joseph T. ; they lost one son and two 
 daughters, who died in infancy. 
 
 Peters Albert H. lab ; r 805 Horsman ; w s. 
 
 Peters Charles, elk P. O.; bds N. First; e s. 
 
 Peters Jonas, treas Union Furniture Co. ; r 
 602 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Peters Peter A. lab ; r 805 Horsman ; w s. 
 
 Peters Wm. r 302 S. Church. 
 
 Peterson Gust, tailor; r Park; e s. 
 
ROCKFOED CITY. 
 
 515 
 
 Peterson Adolph, tailor; r 405 S. First; e s. 
 Peterson Andrew, lab; r stone row, opp 
 
 Chick & Cox Mill. 
 Peterson Andrew, r 305 Kishwaukee. 
 Peterson Andrew, r S. Seventh ; W. A. 
 Peterson P.A. meatmarket ; bds P.A.Flodell. 
 Peterson A. M. tailor; r 501 S. Fifth; e s. 
 Peterson Aug. tailor ; r 310 JST. Fourth ; e s. 
 Peterson Aug. G. tailor ; r 609 S. Third ; e s. 
 Peterson C. B. painter; r 901 S. West; s s. 
 Peterson C. G. painter; r 108 S. Fifth; e s. 
 Peterson Charles, gents' furnishing goods, 
 
 Kishwaukee, near State ; r 302 Seventh. 
 Peterson Dan. plowmaker; r 503 S. 8th; e s. 
 Peterson Charles, r park ; e s. 
 Peterson F. L. carver ; r 408 Kishwaukee. 
 Peterson Guss, tailor ; r park. 
 Peterson Geo. painter ; r 1403 S. "West ; s s. 
 Peterson Rev. Gust, pastor Second Baptist 
 
 Church ; r 1207 Ferguson ; s s. 
 Peterson H. F. grocer ; r Seminary, cor Bluff. 
 Peterson Isaac, tailor; r 510 S. Fifth; e s. 
 Peterson J. mechanic ; r 608 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 Peterson John, r e s S. Seventh ; W. A. 
 Peterson J. shoemkr; r 501 S. Seventh; e s. 
 Peterson J. emp Wm. A. Knowlton ; r same. 
 Peterson J. P. tailor ; r 408 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 Peterson Jonas, r 509 Union ; e s. 
 Peterson Jonas, r 1018 Sixth av ; e s. 
 Peterson J. H. butcher ; r 502 Catlin ; e s. 
 Peterson Neis. r 718 N. First; e s. 
 Peterson Nels. tailor ; r n s Park ; e s. 
 Peterson Oscar, painter; r 511 Union; e s. 
 Peterson O. r street from Seminary, s R. R. 
 
 PETERSON P. A. Secretary Rock- 
 ford Union Furniture Company; resi- 
 dence 513 Catlin, East Side; born in 
 Sweden, Sept. 8, 1846 ; came to Rockford 
 in 1853. 
 
 Peterson P. A. r 1007 First av ; e s. 
 
 Peterson P. M. tailor ; r 508 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 
 Peterson Peter, tailor ; r 513 Catlin ; e s. 
 
 Peterson P. furniture mkr; r 1103 Third av. 
 
 Peterson P. shoemaker ; r 316 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Peterson Peter, employe E., T. & Co. ; bds 
 
 702N. Main;es. 
 Peterson Pontus, bds 702 N. Main ; e s. 
 Peterson Stephen, lab ; r 1008 Fifth av ; e s. 
 Peterson August, tailor ; r 607 Rock ; e s. 
 Pettibone John T. r 606 Court ; e s. 
 Pettengill J. W. turning; r 806 Rock; s s. 
 Pettis L. M. trav agent; r 1015 S. Main; s s. 
 Petit Andrew, carp ; r 607 Rockton av. 
 Petit Jacob, carp ; r 406 S. Church. 
 Pfanstiel Geo. livery ; r 506 N. Third ; e s. 
 Phelps Walter, r 506 Chestnut. 
 
 88 
 
 Phillips A. F. livery ; r 306 S. Winnebago. 
 Phillips Hiram C. patternmaker; r 1101 S. 
 
 Winnebago ; s s. 
 Phillips Ivar I. r 106 Summit; e s. 
 Phillips Ira, r 106 Summit; e s. 
 Phinney A. grocer; 108 S. Main; r 206 Hors- 
 
 man. 
 
 Phoenix W. H. sewing machines, 312 West 
 
 State; r 306 N. Court; w s. 
 Pickett Buell, r 209 N. Third ; e s. 
 Pickett Wm. O. r 309 N. Third ; e s. 
 Pierce D. B. harness mkr ; 307 N. Main ; e s. 
 Pierce L. R. r 1006 S. Main ; s s. 
 Pierpont W.T. pumps,etc. ; bds 1019 W.State. 
 Pierson John, Vice Pres Rockford Union 
 
 Furniture Company; r 809 Third av. 
 Pierson T. watchmaker; bds 308 Walnut; es. 
 Pitkin T. D. pumps ; r out of city. 
 Pitney Levi, mason ; r N. Avon, n end. 
 Pitney Wm. lab ; r 322 N. Avon. 
 Pitney Wm., Jr. plasterer; r 1016 Mulberry. 
 Platner Geo. H. r 713 Mulberry. 
 Platner Harrison M. r 712 Mulberry. 
 Platner Peter H. r 203 N. West ; w s. 
 Plato H. F. 307-209 W. State; r S. Court, 
 
 cor Chestnut. 
 Plato J. D. r S. Court, cor Chestnut. 
 
 PliATT JOHLIT, Farmer; residence 
 713 W. State St.; born in West Haven, 
 Conn., March 8, 1813; removed to Alton, 
 111., in Oct., 1836; was employed as a dry 
 goods clerk until May, 1837, when he 
 came to Rockford; built a store on the 
 bank of Rock river, just below where the 
 State street bridge now stands, and carried 
 on general merchandising business until 
 1839, when he sold out to Dr. Haskell and 
 moved to what is now Pecatonica Tp., 
 where he engaged in farming very exten- 
 sively, having some 1,100 acres; his resi- 
 dence was on Sec. 13, Tp. 27 , he remained 
 there six years; then about 1845 returned 
 to Rockford, and has contmued to engage 
 very largely in real estate operations, 
 sometimes owning 9,000 acres of land at 
 one time ; he married Harriet W. Trow- 
 bridge, Feb. 34, 1836; she was born in 
 New Haven, Conn., Dec. 11, 1814. 
 
 Polchow Chas. lab; r 1109 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Pomeroy W. D. carp ; r 514 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Ponsomby Chas. lab ; bds 308 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Pooley S. J. carp ; r 903 Horsman. 
 
 Pope Isaac, r 404 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Porter Frank H. bds 107 Horsman. 
 
 POKTER JOHN R. Druggist, 301 
 W. State, cor Main st. ; residence 571 N. 
 Church St.; born in Fultouham, near 
 Zauesville, Ohio, Sept. 22, 1833; came to 
 Rockford in Nov., 1859; married Lucretia 
 V.Hosmer, Oct. 3, 1861 ; she was born in 
 Ohio, Oct. 3, 1834; they have four children 
 
616 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 living^ : Chas H., Hosmer C, John Wm. 
 and Frances Irene; they have lost one 
 daughter, Lucy M., who died Feb. 16, 
 1865, aged two years and four months. 
 Porter J. S. salesman ; r 608 W. State. 
 
 Posson F. L. painter, 11:^ S. 2d; r 110 N.Sth. 
 
 Posson Henry A. painter ; r 201 N. Second. 
 
 Post Daniel, farmer ; r 402 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Potter Geo. carp; r 911 Pecatonica. 
 
 Potter Joel B. r 503 Oak ; e s. 
 
 Potter Lyman H. r 712 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Potter M. C. r 506 S. Avon. 
 
 Powell Geo. r 405 N. Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 Powell E. W. carp ; r 509 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Powell G. W. bds 502 W. State. . 
 
 Pratt Geo. miller ; bds White's Hotel. 
 
 Pratt Wm. C. r 207 S. Third. 
 
 Preble E. lab; r S. Twelfth; W.A- 
 
 Predmore Ira, carp; 1104 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Predmore L. mechanic ; r Ferguson,cor Kent. 
 
 Prentice Fred. S. elk ; r 616 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Prentice W. M. elk ; bds 122 S. Second ; e s. 
 
 Presbrey W. D. farmer; r 1104 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Preston Mott, r 806 First av. 
 
 Price H. W. glove works; office 113-115 
 W. State ; r 530 N. Church. 
 
 Prince Chas. lab ; bds 703 Peach ; w s. 
 
 Prior D. S. r 1009 Second av ; e s. 
 
 Prior P. B. shoemaker ; r 503 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Proctor Jno. street sprinkler ; r 1009 Maple. 
 
 Prouty F. C. salesman ; r out of city limits, 
 E. State. 
 
 Prouty Henry E. salesman ; r 1012 W. State. 
 
 PROrXY yVTHK. C. Dealer in Boots 
 and Shoes, 126 W. State st. ; residence 1012 
 W. State St. ; born in Brattleboro, Vt., Aug. 
 25, 1808 ; came to Byron, Ogle Co., 111., 
 July 22, 1844 ; removed to Rockford, April 
 14, 1865; married Adeline Amelia Whee- 
 lock, June 21, 1835; she was born in 
 Wardsborough, Vt., Aug. 28, 1812 ; have 
 three children living, Henry E., Frederick 
 C, and Adelaide A., now Mrs. Dr. T. M. 
 Butler. 
 
 Puffer Frank M. elk ; bds W. S. Wilkins. 
 
 Pumprey T.emp B.W.& Co. ; r 710 N.Church. 
 
 Punnell J. H. ex mess ; bds Holland House. 
 
 Pyng T. liquors, 308 E. State ; r 310 N. 1st ; e s. 
 
 Q 
 
 UINN J. S. lab; r 502 S. First; e s. 
 
 Quinn Mat. blacksmith; r 1006 Morgan; s s. 
 Quinn Philip, lab ; r South ; s s. 
 Quinn Patrick, r 706 N. First ; e s. 
 Qninlan P. emp T. Scott ; r 303 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 RADECKE THOS. F. upholstery, over 
 116 W. State, 2d floor; r 309 S. West. 
 Rae Wm. G. trav agt; r 303 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Raidart G. P. cabinetmkr ; r 1013 S. 3d ; e s. 
 
 BAJLSTOX & HARVEY, Dealers 
 in Agricultural Implements, Carriages, 
 Wagons, etc., 503 W. State st., cor. Court 
 St. ;John B. Ralston was born in Marietta, 
 Washington Co., O., April 21, 1846; came 
 to Harlem, this Co., in 1850; engaged in 
 farming principally, until the fall of 1872, 
 when he engaged in present business; 
 married Ellen Brown, March 11. 1875; 
 she was born in Harlem, Winnebago Co., 
 111., Aug. 28, 1855 ; have one child, Ed- 
 ward Henry, born Feb. 4, 1876 ; Mr. and 
 Mrs. R. are members of the First Presby- 
 terian church; residence 612 Knowlton St., 
 South Side. 
 
 Randall G. B. watchmkr; bds 107 N. 1st; e s. 
 
 Rand 8. L. elk ; room 315 W. State. 
 
 Randolph R. J. diamond pavement, over 302 
 E. State ; r 307 East ; e s. 
 
 Rankin Marshall, carp ; r 508 Hill ; e s. 
 
 Rannie Wm. lab; r 413 S. West; w s. 
 
 Rath H. tack factory, r 1308 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Raymond A. E. painter; bds 906 River; s s. 
 
 Ray Geo. emp N. C. T. ; r 1009 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Rea Allen R. elk; r 308 S. Court; w s. 
 
 Read G. L. r 210 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Redd Jas. r rear 408 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Red Jas. emp gas works ; r 504 East ; e s. 
 
 Redfield C. H. r 1108 Elm. 
 
 Redfield Dudley, r 303 Horsman. 
 
 Redfield W.hack driver ; r 808 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 Redington H. P. 503 W. State ; r 707 Elm. 
 
 Redmond Garrett, r 517 Cedar. 
 
 Redmond Henry, r 517 Cedar. 
 
 Redricks Thos. lab; r 909 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Reed Rev. D. M. r 611 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Reed Ed.T. tack factory ; bds 603 Rockton av. 
 
 Reed Edgar, tack factory ; bds 613 Mulberry. 
 
 BEEO FRA:KKI.IX p. Traveling 
 Insurance Agent; residence 906 S. West 
 St. ; born in Lexington, Mass., March 19, 
 1835; came to Rockford in Sept., 1875; 
 married Georgia W. Wilson, June 17, 
 1858 ; she was born in N. H., Dec. 13, . 
 
 Reed P. M. carp ; r 306 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Reeves Frank E. r 506 Mulberry. 
 
 Reeves Geo. carriage mfr ; r 506 Mulberry. 
 
 Reeves Geo. W. moulder ; r 523 W. State. 
 
 Reeves Geo. W. r 209 N. Court. 
 
 Reeves Wm. blacksmith ; r 522 W. State. 
 
 RECrAlfti' JAS. Boot and Shoe Maker. 
 204 W. State st. ; residence 712 N. Main st.. 
 East Side ; born in Ireland, Nov. 25, 1826 ; 
 came to Canada in 1840 ; lived there until 
 1844, when he removed to Chicago ; lived 
 there a year or two, and then went to She- 
 boygan, and remained there until 1848, 
 when he returned to Chicago and made 
 that city his home until 1855, when he 
 
EOCKFORD CITY- 
 
 517 
 
 came to Rockford; married Mary Ann 
 Wood, May 4, 1851 ; she was born in Buf- 
 falo, N. Y., March 28, 1835 ; they have six- 
 children, Joseph, Michael, John Valen- 
 tine, Mary Eveleen, Minerva and Agnes B. ; 
 lost two daughters, Virginia and Jose- 
 phine; served three years in Co. K, 74th 
 I. V. I. ; is President of the Rockford Re- 
 form Club. 
 
 Regan Jno. lab ; r 1012 South ; s s. 
 
 Regan Jos. elk; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Regan Michael, r 712 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Regan Valentine, r 712 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Regan Wm. lab ; r 906 Kent ; s s. 
 
 KEMI^fGTOHr THOMAS J. 1.. 
 
 County Surveyor; office at the Court 
 House; residence 114 S. Second St., East 
 Side ; born in Hopkinton, N. Y., Dec. 7, 
 1823 ; came to Rockford in 1850 ; married 
 Mrs. Emily Robinson for first wife ; she 
 died in January, 1871 ; they had three 
 children ; only one now living, Helen S. ; 
 Mr. R.'s present wife was Martha A. 
 Gregg; they have one child, Rosalind; 
 
 • Mr. R. has served as County Surveyor 22 
 years; he was City Engineer in 1858, 
 1866, and 1867 ; served in the war of the 
 rebellion; was Capt. Co. A, 74th I. V. I., 
 from September, 1862, until May, 1863, 
 when he became Major of the 74th; in 
 December, 1863, he became Chief Engi- 
 neer of the 2d Div. 4th Army Corps ; in 
 September, 1864, he was detailed as Asst. 
 to Gen. Sherman's Chief Engineer, Army 
 of the Tennessee, where he served until 
 February, 1865, when he was made Chief 
 Engineer of the 4th Army Corps, and 
 served as such until he was finally mus- 
 tered out, at Chicago, June 26, 1865. 
 
 Renninger Hai»ry, carp ; r 703 Rockton av. 
 
 Revelle M. E. salesmn ; bds 808 Seminary ; e s. 
 
 Rew Robert, teacher ; r 106 S. Second ; e s. 
 
 Reynolds G. W. auction and commission ; r 
 310 N. Court. 
 
 Reynolds Geo. L. feed stable. Elm, bet Court 
 and Church; r 310 N. Court. 
 
 Reynolds H. blacksmith ; bds 403 JST. 3d ; e s. 
 
 Reynolds James, r S. Winnebago, s of Wall. 
 
 Reynolds J. W. r 606 E. State. 
 
 Reynolds W. B. salesman ; r 310 N. Court. 
 
 Rhoades Edward, r 603 N. Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 Rhoades D. bds City Hotel. 
 
 Rhoades John, cooper ; bds City Hotel. 
 
 RHOAD£l^ I.EVI, Of the firm of 
 Rhoades, Utter & Co., Proprietors of 
 Rockford Paper Mills ; office 120 W. State 
 St.; residence 710 North Court st. ; born 
 in Hinsdale, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., June 
 25, 1830 ; his parents moved to Alabama, 
 Genesee Co., N. Y., in 1836, and to Troy, 
 Walworth Co., Wis., in 1843, where he 
 lived until he came to Rockford, in 1848; 
 he engaged in various kinds of work until 
 
 he went into the cooperage business for 
 himself, in 1853, a business which he has 
 continued and still carries on here quite 
 extensively ; he commenced the construc- 
 tion of the Rockford Paper Mills in 1865 ; 
 in the fall of the same year the Utters 
 formed a co-partnership with him, and in 
 the spring of 1866 they commenced manu- 
 facturing; became a Director of the 
 Peoples : Savings Bank at the time of its 
 organization in 1873, and has continued as 
 a Director ever since; in the spring of 
 1874 the Rockford Watch Co. was organ- 
 ized, and he became President of the 
 company, a position which he still holds ; 
 he is also Vice President of the Rockford 
 Tack Co., and Director of Water Power 
 Co.; was Mayor of Rockford one term, 
 '76 and '77 ; married Frederica Rhoades, 
 in December, 1854 ; she was born in Ger- 
 many ; they have two daughters, Lucinda 
 H. and Luella I. ; Mr. R. has been a mem- 
 ber of the M. E. Church about 26 years. 
 
 Rice Allen, r N. Main, cor High ; w s. 
 
 Rice Benj. G. r 512 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Rice Chas. H. lat) ; r 807 Ferguson ; s s. 
 
 Rice Geo. S. ins agent ; r over 322 E. State. 
 
 Rice Joseph, bds Forest City House. 
 
 Rice Wm. r 206 N. Avon. 
 
 Richardson O. A. lumber; r 315 S.Main; ws. 
 
 Richards P. S. conduc; bds Holland House. 
 
 Richey Rev. John H. pastor Westminster 
 Presbyterian Church ; r 501 S. Second. 
 
 RIC RINGS DR. CHARLES 
 HEBfRY, Physician and Surgeon; 
 office 302 W. State st. ; residence 804 W. 
 State St.; born in England, Feb. 26, 1815; 
 the Dr. studied medicine in Belgium; 
 came to Rockford, .July 18, 1836; he has 
 been engaged in practice over 40 years ; 
 married Mary Stevenson, of England; 
 they have one son, Henry, now a prac- 
 ticing physician of Washington, D. C. 
 
 Rich Wm. carp ; 407 Horsman ; w s. 
 
 Rich Heniy, carp ; r 704 Horsman ; w s. 
 
 Richmond G. upholst'r ; r over 116 W. State. 
 
 Richmon L. emp livery.; bds Hardy's Hotel. 
 
 Ricker Emerson E. elk ; r 711 Elm ; e s. 
 
 Ricker Ephraim G. collct'ng agt; r 711 Elm. 
 
 Rickon E. H. elk City Hotel. 
 
 Ridgley Edward, mason; r 310 S.Court; w s. 
 
 Ridler Jno. W. (Ridler Bros.) r 415 E. State. 
 
 Ridler Thos. K. (Ridler Bros.) r 415 E.State. 
 
 Rightor C. r 810 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Riley Wm. watchmaker; r 308 Walnut; e s. 
 
 RimplerW. stonecutter ; bds 602 George ;w s. 
 
 Ripcan Wm. emp furn fac; bds L. Osborne. 
 
 Ripley F. P. watchmkr; bds 210 S. 1st; e s. 
 
 Risley M. L. r 706 Rock ; e s. 
 
 Rising Chas. E. elk; r 611 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Rising Henry, r 611 N. Church; w s. 
 
518 
 
 WESnSTEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTOBT: 
 
 Ritchie C. plasterer; r 612 N. Second; e s. 
 
 RITCHIK JIM, Mason and Plasterer; 
 resides at 112 N. Third st., East Rockford; 
 he is a son of Francis E. and Margaret 
 Eliza Ritchie, and was born in Green- 
 bush, N. Y., April 2, 1830 ; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1857. 
 
 Rivers Charles, elk; r H4 N. Church. 
 
 Roach J. saloon, S. Court, cor Cedar ; r same. 
 
 Robertson George J. portrait painter; r 1211 
 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Roberts Chas. A. r 608 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Roberts C. furniture, 215 E. State ; r 716 N. 
 Main; e s. 
 
 Roberts E. C. carp, 510 W. State ; r 720 N. 
 
 Court; w s. 
 Roberts Fay E. bkpr; r 720 N. Court; w s. 
 
 ROBERTS CJEO. AV. Sculptor, 
 Monument Builder and Designer, 220 S. 
 Main st. ; residence 307 S.Seventh st ; East 
 Side; Gravestones of the best American 
 and Italian marbles ; Mr. Roberts imports 
 Scotch Granite Monuments direct from 
 Scotland. 
 
 Roberts J. W. shoemkr ; r 809 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Roberts C. J. r 204 N. West. 
 
 Roberts Jeremiah, N. West, nr Napoleon. 
 
 Roberts Thos. O. bds 907 S. West; s s. 
 
 Roberts Walter, r 301 East ; e s. 
 
 Roberts Walter, cigar maker ; bds C. Henry. 
 
 Roberts F. E. moulder; r 1109 S. West; s s. 
 
 Robertson G. C. bds 1211 S. Winnebago; ss. 
 
 Robertson Fletcher, carp ; r 1015 South. 
 
 Robertson S. F. carp; r 1015 South. 
 
 R0BERT!S05f THOi$ D. President 
 Winnebago National Bank ; residence 601 
 N. Main st. ; West Side ; born in Scotland, 
 March 18, 1818 ; came to Rockford, Dec, 
 1838. 
 
 Robertson W.T. cashier Winnebago National 
 
 Bank ; r 506 N. Main ; w s. 
 Robertson G. moulder; r 1401 S. West; ss. 
 Robinson Chas. emp W. H. Miller. 
 
 ROBi:9fi$ox CAf^vi:^ i^ewis. 
 
 Insurance, Real Estate and Loan Agent, 
 Winnebago National Bank Building; 
 ^ born Nov. 22, 1837, in Columbus, Warren 
 Co., Penn. ; with his parents, Horace and 
 Fanny W. Robinson, moved to Belvidere, 
 111., Jvme, 1842; to Cherry Valley in fall 
 of 1853 ; while there engaged in the drug 
 business some two years, on his own ac- 
 count ; in the dry goods business two years, 
 as clerk. In the spring of 1860 went to 
 Champaign, 111., to help open a dry goods 
 store for eastern parties ; continued there 
 in the business three years, to April, 1863, 
 when he entered into government employ, 
 in the Subsistence Department, firs.t with 
 the Third Division, Army of the Ohio, in 
 Eastern Kentucky and Western Virginia ; 
 then in Eastern Tennessee and Georgia, 
 
 till fall of Atlanta ; from there, back with 
 Gen. Schofield's command to Nashville, 
 Tenn. After battle of Nashville and de- 
 feat of Gen. Hood, was ordered, Jan.,1865, 
 to Washington ; from there down the coast, 
 and entered Wilmington, N. C, with Gen. 
 Terry's command. Was stationed there 
 till fall of 1865. In the winter of 1866 en- 
 gaged in the diy goods business with Geo. 
 M. Smith, at his present location in Rock- 
 ford. The partner-hip continued till 
 May, 1870, when Mr. R. retired. Was 
 married June 1, 1870, to Miss Charlotte C. 
 A. Kent, youngest daughter of Germanicus 
 Kent. In the fall of same year engaged 
 in his present business. 
 Robinson F. porter White's Hotel ; r same. 
 
 ROBINSOX HEXRY H. Real 
 
 Estate and Loan Agent, 325 E. State st. ; 
 residence 805 Seminary st. ; born in Chi- 
 cago, Sept. 6, 1846 ; came to Rockford in 
 1847 ; married Laura Penfield, March 27, 
 1873 ; she was born in Roekford,March 10, 
 1848. 
 
 Robinson J. B. bds 310 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Robinson John, lab ; r 807 E. State. 
 
 Robinson N. S. hardware ; r 204 N. Second. 
 
 Robinson Thos. carp ; bds 801 George ; w s. 
 
 Robinson W. machinist ; r 801 George ; w s. 
 
 Robinson Walter, Jr. r 801 George. 
 
 Robbins J. watchmkr; bds American House. 
 
 Rockwood Warren, r 907 S. Chm-ch ; s s. 
 
 Rodd J. prop grist mill ; r 208 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Rogan M. machinist; r 503 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Rogers F. S. r 810 Montague; s s. 
 
 Rogers Jno. L. machinist ; r N. Winnebago 
 above Whitman. 
 
 Rogers Martin, bolt fact; r 910 Crosby; e s. 
 
 Rogers Michael, lab ; r 910 Crosby ; e s. 
 
 Rogers R. W. r Winnebago above Whitman. 
 
 Rogers W. r N. Winnebago above Whitman. 
 
 Rohkar Henry, barber; r 111 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Rohr G. W. physician and surgeon, over 120 
 S. Main ; r 402 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Rope Fred, emp C. Schorn ; r same. 
 
 Roper O. S. baker; r 1213 Second av; e s. 
 
 Roper Sam. miller: bds 402 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Rosa A. furn finisher ; r Market cor E. State. 
 
 Rosacranse N. emp R.R. ; r 707 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 RoseBenj. farmer; r Montague w. end s s. 
 
 Rose Chas. emp White's Hotel. 
 
 Rose E. S. r s end Kishwaukee. 
 
 Rose Geo. r Montgomery, w end s s. 
 
 Rose Henry, r Montgomery, w end s s. 
 
 Rosenberg Peter, blacksmith ; r S. Fourth. 
 
 Rosseter Wm. E. r 802 Rock ; s s. 
 
 Ross A. M. salesman; r307 S. Court; ws. 
 
 Ross Hugh R. cashier Home saving bank ; r 
 308 S. Church. 
 
ROCKFORD CITY. 
 
 619 
 
 Ross Jno. C. r 710 W. State. 
 
 Ross L.P.bkpr Rockf nat bank, r 301 S.West. 
 
 BO$!»i$ R. HERVEY, Of the firm of 
 Catlin & Ross, Grocers, 511 E. State St.; 
 Mr. Ross resides at 603 Kishwaukee st. ; 
 he was born in Norfolk Co., Canada West, 
 April 17, 1835 ; moved to Iowa in 1856, 
 and to Ogle Co., 111., in 1859; came to 
 Rockford in 1859; married Mary J. Sov- 
 ereign, Jan. 1, I860; she was born in Can- 
 ada West; have one child, Florence M., 
 born Jan 13, 1863 ; Mr. Ross is a member 
 of the Rockford Rifles, Third Regt. 111. 
 Guards. 
 
 Ross Robt. bridgebuilder; r 511 Rockton av. 
 
 Ross Wm. G. r 511 Rockton av. 
 
 Roth Jno. F. cabinetmaker ; r 408 S. Fifth. 
 
 Rourk Pat. lab ; r 408 S. Horsman. 
 
 Rourke Thos. r 910 South. 
 
 Rouse Frank, r 1102 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Rouse Sager, r 1102 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Rowe F. M. cigars; bds 301 East; e s. 
 
 Rowe Martin, blacksmith; r 301 East; e s. 
 
 Rowell Henry W. r 414 S. Court ; w s. 
 
 Rowland J.P.grocer ;r 1110 S.Winnebago ; s s. 
 
 Rowland R. C. druggist; bds Holland House. 
 
 Rowlee A. r Winnebago above Napoleon. 
 
 -Rowley Calvin, r Prospect; s s. 
 
 ROWL.BY E. A. Photographer, 321 
 W. State St. ; born in Sullivan, Ashland 
 Co., O., July 10, 1849; came to Rockford 
 in 1873; he has been engaged in the busi- 
 ness of Photographer four years. 
 
 Rowley Edwin R. r 509 Catlin. 
 
 Rowley Milton, painter; r 302 S. First; e s. 
 
 Royce A. T. street com ; r 713 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Ruchhime Jno. emp A. K. Shirley. 
 
 Ruddick B. machinist; bds 302 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Rugg Josiah, farmer ; r W. State, city limits. 
 
 Ruhl A. S. salesman ; bds 607 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Rundquist Chas. tanner M. & H,; r 802 Oak. 
 
 Rundquist F.O.tailor ;-r 605 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Russell Chas. mechanic; r South; s s. 
 
 Russell Cornelius, stock dlr ; r 717 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Russel Jno. mason ; r 501 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 
 Russell Mich, lab ; r foot of Chestnut ; av s. 
 
 Russell Wm. lab; bds 112 N. SeQond; e s. 
 
 RlTTIiEDGE AlfDREW, Sup't of 
 Wm. A. Knowlton's Manufactories; resi- 
 dence 1002 Main St., cor. Loomis st. ; born 
 in England, May 4, 1836; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1851 ; first learned carpenter's 
 trade; in 1856 commenced work in the 
 Reaper shops; has worked for N. C. 
 Thompson, Emerson & Co., Jolm P. Man- 
 ny, and Graham & Co.; has been with 
 Wm. A. Knowlton since 1873; married 
 Maggie J. Ryan, Sept. 10, I860; she was 
 born in Ireland; have three children, 
 William, Arthur, and Freddie ; Mr. R. is a 
 
 member of Star in the East Lodge, No. 
 166, A. F. and A. M., Winnebago Chapter, 
 No. 24, etc. 
 
 Rutledge Wm. C. r 211 S. Fourth; e s. 
 Rulledge Wm. r 305 N. Wyman ; w s. 
 
 RYAIS" P. T. Proprietor Central Wire 
 Works, 212 S. Main st., next to Holland 
 House; Manufacturer of Wire Flower Pot 
 Stands, Window Guards, Waste Paper 
 Baskets, Bank and Ofiice Railing, Fruit 
 and Umbrella Stands, Hat Stands, Ladies' 
 Work Baskets, Sponge and Moss Baskets, 
 Coal and Sand Screens, Barrel Covers, 
 Horse and Dog Muzzles, Spark Guards, 
 etc.; Twisted Wire Fence made to order; 
 Mr. Ryan was born in Rochester, N. Y., 
 Feb. 15, 1856 ; came to Rockford about 18 
 years ago. 
 
 Ryan Jas. painter ; r 622 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Ryan Jas. lab ; r 809 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Ryan Jno. lab ; r West ; s s near foot bridge. 
 
 Ryan Jno. lab ; r 809 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Ryan Matt, r near foot bridge, S.Winnebago. 
 
 Ryan M. H, shoemaker, 112 W. State; r 309 
 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Ryan Michael, moulder, 502 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Ryan Michael, lab ; r 1301 Rock. 
 
 Ryan Michael, r 406 S. West. 
 
 Ryan Tim. tailor; bds Adams, bet E. State 
 and Crosby. 
 
 Ryan Wm. lab; r N. Wyman, nr W. State. 
 
 Ryan Wm. lab; r 601 Oak. 
 
 Ryan W. blacksmith; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Ryburn Wm. r 117 S. First. 
 
 Rydberg C. cabinetmaker ; r 609 S. Seventh. 
 
 Rydberg John Z. elk ; r 603 S Fourth. 
 
 Rydblom J.lab : r Gregory,bet S.4th and 5th. 
 
 Rymand John, lab; r 132 Park; e s. 
 
 Ryman J. G. tailor, 217 E. State; r 132 Park 
 
 SAAF S. tailor; r cor Sixth and Fourth 
 av. / 
 
 Sabin Chas. r 609 N. Church ; w s. 
 Sackett E. B. painting, 513 E. State; r 205 S. 
 
 First; e s. 
 Sadewater F.saloon,119 S.Main; ws; rsame. 
 Safiiemire Wm. bds Hardy's Hotel. 
 Saley M. L- grocer; r Peach; w s. 
 Saline John, r 810 Fifth av; e s. 
 Saline S. A. lab; r 810 Fifth av; e s. 
 Salstrom G. A. grocer; r 1211 Third av. 
 Sames P. cultivator mfr; r 416 N. Main; ws. 
 Samuelson C. r Gregory, bet S. 4th and 5th 
 Samson H. brewer; r nof bridge,Beloit road. 
 Samulson F. A. tailor; r 411 N. First; e s. 
 
 SAXBORX C. A. Druggist, 319 W. 
 State St. ; residence 505 Rockton av ; born 
 in Barry, Vt., July 15, 1848; came to 
 Rockford in June, 1867 ; married Mary A. 
 
520 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTOBT: 
 
 "Wallis, May 14, 1873; she was born in 
 Patterson, N. J. ; they have two children, 
 Howard C. and Wallis R. 
 
 Sanborn Simon, bds 114 S. Second; e s. 
 
 Sanborn R. S. r 1217 E. State. 
 
 Sanders Alex, r Fourth av, bet 7th and 8th. 
 
 Sanders C.W. mechanic; r 1406 Charles; e s. 
 
 Sanders E. mechanic ; r 140(i Charles ; e s. 
 
 Sanders L.S. emp Chick & Cox ; r 8th ; W.A. 
 
 Sanders Wm. bds 402 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Sandiue Claus, shoemkr; r 513 Union; e s. 
 
 Sands John F. lab ; r 705 Rockton av. 
 
 Sanford C. S. mechanic; r 1102 River; s s. 
 
 SA:SfFORD GOODYEAR A. 
 
 Cashier of the Second National Bank, 
 and President of the Rockford Savings 
 Bank, s e corner of W. State and Main 
 sts. ; residence 407 N. Main st. ; born in 
 Hamden, Conn., Aug. 28, 1814 ; he was en- 
 gaged in farming pursuits till he came to 
 Alton, 111., in Dec, 1836; in 1837 he came 
 to Rockford; was in mercantile business 
 here until he was appointed Deputy Sher- 
 iff, in 1838; served in that capacity four 
 years; he built, in 1838, the first "fiat 
 boat" in this section of the State; loaded 
 it with potatoes and other produce, which 
 he marketed in St. Louis; in 1852, at 
 Cherry Valley, he helped to load the first 
 car of grain which was shipped from the 
 Co. ; in 1842 he was elected Sheriff; was 
 in that position until 1844; from 1838 to 
 1844 he collected the entire taxes of the 
 Co., which amounted to only from $237 to 
 $640 per annum, total collections, during 
 those years ; from 1844 to 1847 was engaged 
 in general merchandising on the present 
 site of the Second National Bank ; com- 
 menced the banking business Jan. 1,1855; 
 the firm was then Dickerman, Wheeler & 
 Co.; in 1856 the firm changed to Lane, 
 Sauford & Co ; the Second National Bank 
 was organized Aug. 1, 1864; Mr. Sanford 
 has been its cashier since its organization ; 
 he is also President of the Rockford Sav- 
 ings Bank, which was organized in Aug., 
 1873 ; married Elizabeth Bassett, in Feb., 
 1838; she died Oct.. 1857; they had one 
 child, which died in infancy; his present 
 wife was Harriet Austin; married Nov., 
 1858; she was born in Skaueateles, N. Y. ; 
 Mr. S. was originally a Whig; has always 
 been prominently identified with the Re- 
 publican party s'nce its organization; he 
 is a member of the Congregational Church. 
 
 Sanford H. S. bds American House. 
 Sanford John, painter; bds 111 S.Third; e s. 
 Sargent J. H. barber; rll3 S. Main; w s. 
 Sargent L Chase, r 602 Pleasant ; s s. 
 Sargent Isaac, ins agt ; r 602 Pleasant ; s s. 
 Satterlee A.F.printer Journal; bds City Hot. 
 Satterlee M. L. bds 106 S. Fifth; e s. 
 Sauber J. P. r 608 North. 
 
 SAVAGE JOHX T. Of the firm of 
 Savage & Love, Mill St., on the water 
 power; residence 909 Ferguson; South 
 Side; Pattern and Model Makers; they do 
 general wood, iron, brass and steel work; 
 all kinds of jobbing in those materials 
 done ; Mr. Savage was born in Shefford, 
 Cana'da East, April 16, 1842; came to 
 Rockford in 1866 ; married Jane Wallace, 
 May 8, 1866; she was born in Abbottsford, 
 Canada East, July 9, 1844; they have five 
 sons; Mr. S. served one year and a half in 
 the 7th Maine Battery ; Republican ; Inde- 
 pendent in religion. 
 
 Savage T.S. shoemkr ; r 1024 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 Savery H. L. stock dealer ; r 905 Second av. 
 
 Sawyer H. J. constable ; r 814 N. Main. 
 
 Scannell M. J. billiard hall over 303 E. 
 State; r 113 N. Second; e s. 
 
 Scattergood Walter, carp ; r 506 S. Sixth. 
 
 Scharfenberg Charles, lab; r 912 Horsman. 
 
 Schicker A. bakery and saloon 315 E. State; 
 r same. 
 
 Schicker Edward, baker; r 315 E. State. 
 
 Schlander , lab ; r s s Park ; e s. 
 
 Schmalick Jos. tailor ; r 405 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Schmalz George, saloon; r 710 Horsman. 
 
 Schmalz Jacob, lab ; r 706 Oak. 
 
 Schmauss John, r 1106 Charles; e s. 
 
 Schmauss Joseph, meat market 115 S. Main ; 
 r 211 N. Main. 
 
 Schmauss Joseph L. elk ; r 313 E. State. 
 
 SCHMAUSS liEOXARD, Propri- 
 etor Meat Market 313 E. State st. ; resides 
 at same No.; born in Bavaria, Sept. 29, 
 1825; came to Rockford in Sept., 1853; 
 married Margaret Schlenk, May 21, 1852; 
 she was born in Bavaria ; they have six 
 children living, Joseph L., Leonard H.. 
 Frank, Frances, Edward, and Alice ; they 
 have lost three children. 
 
 Schmauss Leonard, elk; r 313 E. State. 
 
 Schneider H.blacksmith,r Wall, foot S. Court. 
 
 Schneider Leonard, r Wall, foot S. Court; s s. 
 
 Schnell , r E. State ; e end. 
 
 Schoonmaker Moses, r 203 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 Schorn Charles, meat market 317 E. State ; 
 r 122 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 Schueller Hermon, r Lincoln av. 
 
 Schi^ster Paul, bkpr ; r 533 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Schultz Chas. lab ; r 708 Wall, foot S. Court. 
 
 Schwartz Charles, employe furniture factory ; 
 r L. Osborne. 
 
 Schwender John, saloon 319 E. State ; r same. 
 
 Schwender John, Jr., elk ; r 319 E. State. 
 
 Scully John, lab; r 1013 South. 
 
 Scott Charles, barber; r 702 George; w s. 
 
 Scott Douglas, butcher ; bds 313 E. State. 
 
 Scott James, r 702 George ; w s. 
 
 Scott John, painter ; bds 414 S. Main ; w s. 
 
ROCKFORD CITY. 
 
 521 
 
 Scott Sylvester, lab ; r Seminary, at limits. 
 Scott T. coal 202 E. State; r 116 N. 2cl; e s. 
 Scott Wm. r 208 Horsman. 
 Scougall T. O. mason; r 1217 S. Winnebago. 
 Scovill H. C. lumber; r 709 Seminary. 
 Scovill Henry T. r 1014 S. Third ; e s. 
 Scovill Horace, r with J. Wiggins, Prospect. 
 Scully Benj. watchmkr; bds 808 Walnut; e s. 
 Seal Christopher, r 1103 Second av. 
 
 SEAJLY OGOB€}£ A. Assistant 
 Superintendent, Emerson, Talcott & Co. ; 
 boards at 609 N. Church st. ; born in 
 England, May 11, 1841 ; his parents moved 
 to Geneva, N. Y., in 1843 ; lived there 10 
 years; then removed to Dansville, Liv- 
 ingston Co., N. Y. ; resided there about 
 3 years ; then came to Rockford, arriving 
 here Jan. 1, 1856; for 6 years he was en- 
 gaged in the manufacture of sash, doors, 
 and blinds; then he went to Chicago, 
 wheie he remained 2 years; then went to 
 Denver, where he spent 1 year ; from there 
 he moved to Kalamazoo, Mich., where he 
 resided nearly 2 years; then returned to 
 Rockford; he lias been with Emerson, 
 Talcott & Co. since Aug., 1876; married 
 Mrs. Fannie E.Zimmerman, Aug. 5, 1877; 
 his first wife was Jennie A. Paxson ; she 
 died May 4, 1876; one daughter by first 
 marriage, Louise J., born Dec. 6, 1866; 
 Mr. Sealy served 3 years and 10 months 
 in Co. G, 45th I. V. I. ; was 1 year Ser- 
 geant ; 2 years was Commissary of Regi- 
 ment; was commissioned Second Lieu- 
 tenant; participated in all the engage- 
 ments which the 45th Regt. was in. Ft. 
 Henry, Ft. Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, 
 Jackson (Tennessee), etc. ; Mr. and Mrs. S. 
 'are members of the Christian Union 
 Church. 
 
 Searle B. salesman ; bds American House. 
 
 Searle R. shoemaker ; r 705 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Sears B. C. secy brush co ; r 303 S. Wmnebago. 
 
 Sears D. A. trav agt ; r 600 Peach ; w s. 
 
 Sears David G. r 607 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Sears Henry, r 602 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Seccomb J. W. books and stationery 317 W. 
 State ; r 306 N. West ; w s. 
 
 Seeley W. F. agt sewing machines; bds 
 White's Hotel. 
 
 Seeley Wm. T. r 117 N. Fir.st; e s. 
 
 Segar John, r Seminary, s R. R. 
 
 Segur J. F. machinist; r 1003 S. Court; s s. 
 
 S$FiOUR JOHN, Foreman Machinery 
 Department Emerson, Talcott, & Co. 
 residence 828 S. Main St., cor Morgan st. 
 born in Granville, Conn., July 6, 1830 
 removed to Beloit, Wis., in 1855 ; came to 
 Rockford in 1857; married Jane Trow- 
 bridge, July 6, 1852; she was born in 
 New Hartford, Conn., in 1830 ; they have 
 two children, James F. and Sarah A. 
 
 Seidermann Christof, r over 108 W. State. 
 
 Sexton John, plasterer ; r 914 Rock ; s s. 
 Seymour Samuel, r 409 S. Second ; e s. 
 Shalfer W. H. plasterer; r 914 Pecatonica. 
 Shafl:stall John M. r 305 S. Church ; w s. 
 Shafistall S. P. r 305 Church ; w s. 
 Shalin A. W. bkpr; r 1101 East; s s. 
 Shannon F. J. printer, Register ; r Eighth, 
 
 bet Tenth and Eleventh avs; W. A. 
 Shannon J. blacksmith; r 507 N. First; e s. 
 Shannon L. B. miller; r Eighth, bet Tenth 
 
 and Eleventh avs ; W A. 
 Shattack Wm. carp; bds 111 S. Third; e s. 
 Shattuck Wm. carp ; r 806 Peach ; w s. 
 Shaut Col. W. B. cutter; r 306 N. Church. 
 Shaw C. A. r 810 S. Second ; e s. 
 Shaw F. A. carp ; r Ferguson, s of Loomis ; s s. 
 Shaw Gust, lab ; r 706 Wall ; s s. 
 Shaw Jas. watchmkr ; bds American House. 
 Shaw John A. r S. Tenth : W. A. 
 Shaw O. B. Dep Co Clk ; r 903 N. Court; w s. 
 Shaw W.A. carp ; r Ferguson, s of Loomis ; s s 
 Shaw Wm. F. wagon makei- ; r 108 N. Fifth. 
 Shaw Zachariah, r 908 N. Court; w s. 
 Shedd David, moulder ; r 802 Rock ; s s. 
 Shedd Henry C. moulder; r 807 River; s s. 
 Sheflield D. S. r 902 Horsman. 
 Sheflneld F. B. carp ; r 306 Chestnut ; w s. 
 Shelden E. M. bkpr, Peoples Savings Bank ; 
 
 r 1012 Mulberry. 
 Sheldon Benj. R. Judge Supreme Court, over 
 
 Winnebago Nat. Bank; r 1104 W. State. 
 Sheldon C. W. Secy Forest City Ins Co ; r 
 
 514 N. Second. 
 Sheldon Chas. E. ins agt; r 514 N. Second. 
 Sheldon G. P. elk ins co ; r 514 N. Second. 
 Sheldon T. B. painter; bds City Hotel. 
 Shelp Geo. H. tailor; r 303 Morgan; s s. 
 Shepardson E. D. bds S. Main ; w s. 
 Shepardson W. B. bds 302 S. Main ; w s. 
 Shepherd R. A. lime kiln; r 1109 Third av. 
 Sherer A. F. painter ; r 204 N. Third ; e s. 
 Sherer G. wagonmakr; r 204 N. Third; e s. 
 Sherer G. W. confectionery; bds 114 N. 
 
 Winnebago. 
 Sherman Chas. E. lab; r 918 Rockton av. 
 Sherman Fred. M. marble carver ; r 220 S. 
 
 Main ; w s. 
 Sherman T. M. bds Hardy's Hotel. 
 Sherratt A. H. ins agt; r 406 Horsman. 
 Sherwood Chas. M. trav agent ; r 507 Locust. 
 Shields M.butcher; r 717 N.Winnebago ;w s. 
 Shimmin E. blacksmith; r 610 E.Court; e s. 
 Shirley A. K. lab; r 901 Cedar; s s. 
 Shlademan Henry, mason; r 1104 Rock; s s. 
 
 SHOUDY GEORGE A. Soap Man- 
 ufacturer, 709 S. Sixth St. ; residence 805 
 
522 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIEEOTOKY: 
 
 Sixth av., East Side; born in Niles, Mich., 
 May 4, 1837; went to Rock Island in 
 1840; moved to Allen's Grove, Lee Co., 
 111., in 1844; followed farming pursuits 
 there until 31 years of age, then engaged 
 in mercantile business, at Rochelle, Ogle 
 Co., 111. ; continued in that business seven 
 years, until he came to Rockford, in 1870, 
 and engaged in the manufacture of soaps ; 
 he is manufacturing all kinds of hard and 
 soft soaps, laundry, toilet and fancy soaps 
 of every description and of best quality. 
 
 Shoults Louis, lab; r 1305 Charles; e s. 
 
 Shores Horace, carp ; r 1203 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Shores Lorenzo D. watchman ; r Ferguson, 
 cor Montague. 
 
 Shores O. B. r Knowlton, foot S.Church; s s. 
 
 Shugrue Patrick, lab ; r 308 Court ; e s. 
 
 Shumway R. H. seedsman, over 323 E.State ; 
 r 509 Pope. 
 
 Shunbt Andrew, emp American House. 
 
 Shurtliss Charles, emp A. Vanlnwagen. 
 
 Sidders C. employe Graham & Co. ; r 1110 
 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Sine John B. ins agt ; r 807 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 SII.SBY G-EORC}£ A. Proprietor 
 Globe Shoe Store, 110 S. Main st. ; resi- 
 dence same number, up stairs; born in 
 Rockford, March 28, 1847 ; married Emily 
 Derwent, Feb. 25, 1868 ; she was born in 
 Durand Tp., this Co., Oct. 1, 1847 ; they 
 have two children, Mabel C. and Maud 
 M.; Mr. Silsby served in Co. K, 132d 
 I. V. I. 
 
 SIIiSBY HARVEY H. Retired 
 Merchant; residence 311 South Court 
 street; born in Acworth, Sullivan Co., 
 N. H., Nov. 1, 1817; came to Alton, 111., 
 in December, 1837 ; resided there until his 
 removal to Rockford, April 24, 1838; mar- 
 ried Melinda Stearns, at Claremont, N. H., 
 Aug. 17, 1842; she was born in Cornish, 
 N. H., July 30, 1818; they have four chil- 
 dren, Mary E., now Mrs. Levi Sanders, 
 Geon2;e E., born March 28, 1847, Hattie J., 
 and Flora M., born April 8, 1856. 
 
 Simons Rev. Abraham ; r 809 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Simons C. L. carp; r 610 Mulberry; w s. 
 
 Simons , with Wm. Blinn, Harlem av. 
 
 Simpson Isaac, gardener ; r 720 North ; e s. 
 
 Simpson Wm. gardener ; r 720 North ; e s. 
 
 Skeyhan J. lab; r 808 N. Winnebago. 
 
 Skiff Wm. T. r 605 Kishwaukee; e s. 
 
 Skiller James, shoemaker ; r 906 Rockton. 
 
 ISKIXXER HEXRY M. Superin- 
 tendent of Enoch & Briggs' Plow Fac- 
 tory; residence 1003 S. Main st. ; born at 
 Barry Centre, Orleans Co., N. Y., July 17, 
 1835; his parents came to Rockford in 
 1839; he married Eleanor J. Stockwell, 
 Sept. 5, 1861 ; she was born in Penn ; they 
 have two children, Edith L. and Carrie 
 R.; lost one daughter, Lizzie M., who 
 
 died at the age of 7 years ; Mr. S. served 
 nine months in Co. M, 8th Illinois Cav. ; 
 he has been engaged in present business 
 13 years, with same manufacturers during 
 the entire time ; Mr. and Mrs. S. are mem- 
 bers of the Winnebago st. M. E. Church. 
 
 Skinner E. H. Rockford Packing Co. ; r W. 
 State, near limits. 
 
 Skinner R. W. elk ; bds 306 N. Court. 
 
 Skogland John, lab ; r cor 8th and 6th av. 
 
 Sloggett Wm. mason ; r Blaisdell, w of fair 
 ground. 
 
 Smith A. B. carp ; bds 305 S. Church ; w s. 
 
 SMITH ABRAHAM E. Residence 
 711 N. Court St.; born April 6,1838, in 
 Royston, England; in 1850, in company 
 with his widowed mother and younger 
 brother, emigrated to this country, and 
 settled at Quincy, 111.; in 1854, removed 
 to Chicago; in 1858 removed to Wood- 
 stock, McHenry Co., 111., and, with his 
 brother, purchased the Woodstock Senti- 
 nel; in 1861 was appointed, by President 
 Lincoln, Postmaster at Woodstock, and 
 served five years, till Andrew Johnson 
 apostatized ; that year he sold the Sentinel 
 and removed to Indianapolis, conducting 
 the Daily Evening Gazette for 9 months ; 
 disposing of that, he then, in March, 1867, 
 removed to Rockford, and, with his 
 brother, purchased a controlling interest 
 in the Rockford Register; in July, of the 
 same year, disposed of the Register^ and in 
 the following month, with Wm. E., pur- 
 chased the Rockford Gazette; in 1869 he 
 bought out his brother's interest, and has 
 since been sole proprietor of that hand- 
 somely appointed newspaper establish- 
 ment; in February, 1875, was appointed, 
 by President Grant, Postmaster of Rock- 
 ford, which position he still holds; in 
 1869, married Frankie J. Rice, at Beloit, 
 Wis., a native of Waverly, New York ; has 
 three children, Abraham Phillip, Lillian 
 Rice, and Sydney William. 
 
 SMITH ADEIiBERT, Clerk for F. 
 K. & W. H. Dunshee; resides at 606 
 George st. ; born in Owen Tp., this Co., 
 July 29, 1858 ; he is a son of John and 
 Jerusha Smith, who settled in Owen Tp. 
 over twenty years ago. 
 
 Smith A. J. grocery and provisions, 419 W. 
 State; r 708 N. Church. 
 
 Smith A. M. blacksmith; r 1211 Second av. 
 
 Smith Benj. mason; room Wallach's block. 
 
 Smith Charles, emp Holland House. 
 
 Smith Chas. harness maker, 505 W. State ; r 
 507 Elm. 
 
 Smith C. M. clothier ; r 613 E. State. 
 
 Smith Danl. B. paper mkr ; r 1005 River; s s. 
 
 SMITH COIi. EI.IPHAZ, Manu- 
 facturer of E. D. Waterbury's Patent Com- 
 bined Extension Rule ; Office and Factory 
 in Emerson & Co.'s building, Water Pow- 
 er ; residence 507 Loomis St., South Side ; 
 
ROCKFORD CITT. 
 
 523 
 
 bora in Greenfield, Ulster Co., N. Y., Oct. 
 3, 1841 ; enlisted Sept. 17, 1861, in Co. K, 
 50th N. Y. V. I.; promoted to Second 
 Lieutenant, Oct. 10, 1861 ; to Captain, June 
 10, 1863; to Major, Feb. 15, 1864, and to 
 Lieutenant Colonel, Sept. 29, 1865 ; married 
 Sara Emma Barnes, Jan. 22, 1866; they 
 have four children : Cora E., born Sept. 7, 
 1867; Willie B., March 29, 1870; Myron 
 W., Oct. 27, 1871, and Fred E., March 29, 
 1873; the Colonel came to Rockford in 
 July, 1866 ; engaged in mercantile business 
 until Sept., 1876, when he sold out, and in, 
 Nov., 1876, engaged in manufacturing- 
 business, which he is now carrying on ;- 
 represented the Fifth Ward in Common 
 Council from 1875 to 1877; he is now 
 member of the Board of Education. 
 
 Smith Elka, harness maker; r 507 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Smith E. S. livery, cor S. Court and Elm; r 
 1020 W. State. 
 
 SMITH FRAlf K O. Dealer in Leath- 
 er, Sadlery, Hardware, Buffalo Robes, 
 Horse Blankets, Fly Nets, Collars, Brushes, 
 and Manufacturer of every variety of Har- 
 ness ; cash paid for Hides, Pelts and Tal- 
 low ; Store, No. 306 E. State st. ; boards at 
 208 S. Main st., East Side; born in Ke- 
 nosha, Wis., Jan. 8, 1847; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1861. 
 
 Smith Frank L. baker, 315 E. State. 
 
 Smith Geo. r over 330 E. State. 
 
 Smith G. D. ins agt; r S. Tenth, cor Tenth av. 
 
 SMITH OEORC^E M. Dealer in Dry 
 Goods and Furs, 305 W. State st. ; residence 
 430 N. Main st. ; born in Pike, N. Y., Nov. 
 1, 1832; came to Rockford, Aug. 6, 1854; 
 married Calista J. Bronson, Oct. 24, 1855 ; 
 she was born in Warsaw, N. Y., Dec. 2, 
 1836 ; they have three sons and three daugh- 
 ters; Mr. Smith is a member of the Board 
 of Supervisors, elected from the 4th Ward. 
 
 Smith G. H. mechanic; r 1110 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Smith Herbert C. r 306 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Smith Herbert, r A. F. Phillips. 
 
 Smith Henry, harness mkr ; r 120 N.Main ; e s. 
 
 Smith H.T. stone mason ; r 809 Ferguson ; s s 
 
 Smith J. stone mason ; bds 502 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Smith John C. cooper; bds C. Henry. 
 
 Smith John D. bds City Hotel. 
 
 Smith J. D. employe E., T. & Co; r 1103 S. 
 Winnebago ; s s. 
 
 Smith John, r 906 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Smith John, Jr., r 606 George ; e s. 
 
 Smith J. H. tailor; r 301 S. Avon. 
 
 Smith Jos. employe J. Schmauss; bds 211 
 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Smith Joseph S. r 613 E. State. 
 
 Smith L. K. harness maker; r 507 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Smith N. S . salesman ; r 904 Cedar. 
 
 Smith Patrick, lab ; r n e Pecatonica. 
 
 Smith R. C. printer, Gazette; bds 521 W. State. 
 
 28« 
 
 Smith Robt. well digger; r 801 Rockton av. 
 Smith R. G. hats and caps, 120 W. State; r 
 601 N. Second. 
 
 Smith Robert, r 603 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Smith S. W. watchmaker; r rear 408 S. 
 Main ; e s. 
 
 Smith Stephen, lab; r 205 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Smith Thomas, brewer; r 110 S. Main; e s. 
 
 Smith Walter, r 402 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Smith Wm. H. r over 320 E. State. 
 
 Smith Wm. H. messenger Second Nat Bank ; 
 r 713 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 
 Smith Rev. Wilder, pastor First Congrega- 
 tional Church; r 1212 E. State. 
 
 Smith Wm. carp; r 911 First av; e s. 
 
 Snell Alander, painter ; r 1008 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Snell Andrew, lab; r 501 Pojae. 
 
 Snow J. M. r 204 N. First; e s. 
 
 Snyder W.D. moulder; rover 111 S.First;es. 
 
 Sodergreen Chas. mechanic; r 602 Kish- 
 waukee; e s. 
 
 Sonstrom P. cabinetmkr; r 1101 3d av; e s. 
 
 Soper H. B. notions ; r 703 E. State. 
 
 Soper AV. F. emp watch fact; r 305 S.lst; es. 
 
 SOUTHGATE J. M. Of the firm of 
 Southgate Bros., Grocei's, 427 E. State st. ; 
 resides at 608 Grove st. ; born m Bridge- 
 water, Vt., July 10,1837; came to Rock- 
 ford in 1852 ; married C. J. Shaw, Sept. 10, 
 1862; she was born in Michigan; have 
 two children ; Mr. and Mrs. S. are members 
 of the First Congregational church ; Mr. 
 S. served three months in Co. D, 11th 1. V. 
 I.; enlisted m 1861, when the first call for 
 troops was made. 
 
 Southgate V. M. grocer; r 1016 E. State. 
 
 Southworth Frank M. r 302 N. Third; e s. 
 
 South worth S. B. r 302 N. Third ; e s. . 
 
 Sovereign C. E. salesman; r 112 N. Winne- 
 bago ; w s. 
 
 SOVEREIGX ISltAEl., Dealer in 
 Stoves and Hardware, lib S. Main st. ; res- 
 idence 116 S. Main st. ; born in Canada, 
 Nov. 6, 1827 ; came to Rockford in 1840, 
 and has resided here since that time; was 
 engaged in farming pursuits until 23 years 
 of age; in 1857 he purchased a third inter- 
 est in the Hardware business of the firm 
 of Day & Breasted ; in one year Day re- 
 tired from the firm, and the business was 
 continued by Breasted & Sovereign two 
 years longer, when Mr. Sovereign became 
 the sole proprietor of the business, which 
 he has continued alone, with the exception 
 of a period of five years, two years of 
 which he was associated with Alfred Lun- 
 ders, and three years with Edgar A. Van 
 Wie ; Mr. S. was for several years a mem- 
 ber of the Board of Education ; he was for 
 14 years Superintendent of the South 
 Rockford Methodist Sunday School, and 
 through his etibrts the money was raised 
 
524 
 
 "WDSrafEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 and the S. Rockford M. E. church was 
 built and placed on a good financial basis ; 
 he married Laura A. Judd, Jan. 15, 1851 ; 
 she was born in Ohio, March 11, 1831; 
 have three children ; C. Eugene, born Sept. 
 23, 1853; Frederick Jerome, Nov. 1, 1854; 
 Alice Maud, Sept. 35, 1871. 
 Sovereign F. J. bkpr; r 116 S. Main; w. s. 
 
 JSP AFFORD A. C. President of the 
 Third National Bank, 333 E. State st. ; res- 
 idence on Prospect st., near city limits; 
 born at Adams, Jelferson Co., N. Y., Sept. 
 14, 1824 ; came to Rockford in Oct., 1839 ; 
 was engaged in farming pursuits until 
 1848, when he went to N. Y. and spent 
 one year, then returned and engaged in 
 the mercantile business, and built a saw 
 mill on the old Water Power ; he went to 
 California in 1850, where he remained two 
 years, when he returned to Rockford and 
 again engaged in mercantile trade with L. 
 B. Gregory, and continued in that busi- 
 ness for about two years, when he engaged 
 in Banking, the firm being at that time, 
 Briggs, Spaflbrd & Penfield; he has con- 
 tinued in Banking business ever since; be- 
 came President of the Third National 
 Bank at the time of organization, Sept. 1, 
 1864; has held various township and mu- 
 nicipal offices; was one of the Illinois 
 State Commissioners at the Centennial ; 
 married Elizabeth B. White, March 35, 
 1850; she was born in Peterboro, N. H. ; 
 have four children. Belle, L. Nettie, Jessie 
 and George C. 
 
 Spafford C. C. r 209 First; e s. 
 
 SpaflTord Chas. H. r 306 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 Spafford C. H., jr., r 306 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 SPAFFOK© JKO. Lumber Dealer, 
 301 N. Main st. ; residence 305 East St., 
 East Side; born in Adams, Jefferson Co., 
 N. Y., Nov. 36, 1831 ; came to Rockford, 
 June 1, 1839; was for two years engaged 
 in improving the water power at New 
 Milford, this Co.; two years engaged in 
 farming and mercantile business ; July 36, 
 1843, he married Harriet White; five 
 years thereafter he was engaged in farming 
 on what is known as the Grove farm, south 
 of Rockford ; in 1849 he engaged in the 
 grocery trade in E. Rockford ; continued 
 in that business until 1856, when he be- 
 came General Agent of the Kenosha rail- 
 road, and was engaged with that company 
 about four years ; built a large grain ware- 
 house in 1860, and the large Wire Works 
 block on N. Main st., both in East Rock- 
 ford ; from 1859 to 1873, was engaged in 
 the Grain business, and has been in the 
 Lumber trade since 1865 ; was Alderman 
 SIX years ; is a member of the First Con- 
 gregational society; was for about ten 
 years one of the Trustees of the society ; 
 his wife is a member of the Fiist Congre- 
 gational church; has three children, A. 
 Katie, Alice E., and Jennie, now Mrs. 
 Philip Holland ; Mr. S. is senior member 
 
 of the firm of Spafford, Parmele & Co., 
 
 Manufacturers of Wire Goods. 
 Spalding E. C. watchmkr ; r 507 E. Seminary. 
 Spalding H. R. machinist; r 507 E. Semi- 
 nary ; e s. 
 Spalding A. G. r 303 Horsman. 
 Spaulding A. C. carp ; r 707 Pecatonica. 
 Spaulding B. F. notions ; r 602 George, cor 
 
 Winnebago. 
 Spaulding Dexter D. marble cutter; r 603 
 
 George ; w s. 
 Spaulding D. G. r 123 N. Court; w s. 
 Spaulding G. H. machinist ; r 812 Rock ; s s. 
 Spaulding O. F. notions ; r 602 George, cor 
 
 Winnebago. 
 Spear Jas. R. barber ; r 806 Crosby ; e s. 
 Speake G. W. music ;r 917 N. Court; w s. 
 Spellman F. W. watchmkr; r 304 Horsman. 
 Spellman H. A. r 304 Horsman. 
 Spellman M. J. bolt shop ; r 806 South ; s s. 
 Spencer D. W. milkman ; r Lincoln av. 
 Spencer H.plunder store,205 W.State ; r same. 
 
 Spencer , r 1008 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 Spink Robt. S. r 307 S. Third ; e s. 
 Sprague C. W. elk; bds 505 Peach. 
 Spitts Jno. tailor, room over 338 E. State. 
 Springer I. W. wind mills ; r 504 S. Second. 
 Spurr Rufus, over 310 E. State. 
 Stanbro I.flour andfeed,N.Main; e s; rsame. 
 Stanley A. G. patternmkr ; r 1006 S. West ; s s. 
 Stanley G. H. trav agt; r 1006 S. West; s s. 
 Stanley S. W.coal 503 S.Main ; r 303 S.Church. 
 Staplin Geo. W. ins agt; r 1301 S. Court; s s. 
 Staplin W. D. ins agt; r 405 S. Fourth. 
 Starks Ezekiel. r S. Eleventh. W. A. 
 Starkweather E. S. ins agt; r 1309 Second av. 
 Starr Chandler, assistant cashier Winnebago 
 
 National Bank ; r 508 N. Main ; w s. 
 Starr David, bds 503 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 STARR HARRY ]». Proprietor 
 Holland House ; born in New York City, 
 Aug. 12, 1840 ; came to Rockford in 1850 ; 
 married Emma Stuart, July, 1861 ; she 
 was born in Argyle, Washington Co., 
 N. Y. ; they have two children, Laura L. 
 and Mabel; Mr. Starr was engaged in 
 mercantile business here from 1858 to 
 1868 ; Sept. 1, 1868, he became Proprietor 
 of the Holland House, and has conducted 
 it ever since, having purchased the house 
 in 1874 ; he was Supervisor of the Third 
 Ward in 1876 and 1877; he is Second 
 Lieutenant of the Rockford Rifles, Third 
 Regt. Illinois State Guards. 
 
 STARR MEIiA:SfCTHO]Rf, Vice 
 President Winnebago National Bank; 
 residence 503 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Startup W. T. blacksmith ; r 708 George ; w s. 
 
 Stearns L. A. mason ; r 803 Second av. 
 
EOOKFOKD CITY. 
 
 525 
 
 Stearns L. E. mason ; r 802 Second av ; e s. 
 
 Stearns Lloyd, r 310 Horsman. 
 
 Stearns W.S.knitting factory Masonic Block ; 
 
 r 814 Horsman ; w s. 
 Steele C. W. painter; r 1509 Fourth ar; e s. 
 Steel George, lab; r 1415 Charles; e s. 
 Steenberg C. G. r s Park ; e s. 
 Steenberg D. P. painter ; r 703 N. Main ; e s. 
 Steffa S. painter ; room 413 S. Court ; w s. 
 Stenander Peter, lab; r 134 S. Water; e s. 
 Stenball John A. r Seminary, s R. R. 
 Stennett J. cabinet maker ; r 405 S. 3d ; e s. 
 Stephen W. A. mason; r 1310 S. Court; s s. 
 Stern H. clothing 313 W. State; r 310 N. 
 
 Church ; w s. 
 Stern Sam, clothier cor Main and W. State ; 
 
 r 318 N. Church ; w s. 
 Stevens Anthony, watchmaker ; r 803 1st ; e s. 
 Stevens C. J. ins agt; r 605 N. Court; w s. 
 Stevens J. J. woodturner ; r 609 S. 7th ; e s. 
 Stewart D. J., Jr., salesman; r305 Horsman. 
 Stibb John, r 305 Kishwaukee. 
 Stilwell H. B. elk; r 306 N. Church; w s. 
 Stiner C.J.A.stonecutter ;bds 403 S.Main ; w s. 
 Stites Geo. carp ; r 1313 Third av ; e s. 
 Stites Joshua, carp ; r 1813 Third av ; e s. 
 Stocking Rev. S. H. r 515 N. Church ; w s. 
 Stockhus C. A. blacksmith ; r 703 S. Third. 
 Stockhus J.G. blacksmith ; bds 703 S. 3d ; e s. 
 Stone H. H. tannery ; r out of town. 
 Stone Michael, lab ; r Lincoln av. 
 Stoner B. F. patternmaker ; r 601 Third ; e s. 
 Story A. J. ins agt; r 1106 S. Main; s s. 
 Stothard W. tailor ; r Ninth cor Fifth av ; e s. 
 Stothard W. N. r Ninth cor Fifth av ; e s. 
 Strachan Alex. trav. agt ; r 1405 S. West ; s s. 
 Stroh Charles, r 1310 Charles. 
 Stromberg Abraham, emp C. C. Briggs. 
 Stromberg G. A. r Seminary, s R. R. 
 Stromberg John, r Seminary, s R. R. 
 Stromberg John S. r stone row opp Chick 
 
 & Cox's Mill. 
 Strong David E. lab ; r 507 S. Pleasant. 
 Strong Charles, stone cutter; r 1113 W. State. 
 Stuart S. S. salesman ; r 403 Kishwaukee. 
 Stuart Wm. constable ; r 733 N. Main ; w s. 
 Stuckhus J. P. blacksmith ; r 609 S. 7th ; e s. 
 Sturtevant Z. B. miller; r 610 E. State. 
 Snllivan D.J.wagonmkr ;bds 503 S.Main ; w s 
 Sullivan P. J. fireman R.R. ; r 1001 South. 
 Sully Thos. chief marshal; r 407 N. First. 
 Sully Chas. F. salesman ; r 407 N. First. 
 
 Summerfield L. M. clothier; bds Holland 
 House. 
 
 Sumner C. Eugene, r 709 Second av. 
 
 SUMXER E. B. Attorney and Coun- 
 sellor at Law, 407 W. State st. ; residence 
 516 N. Church st. ; born in iPecatonica, 
 this Co., Nov. 14, 1850 : he is a graduate 
 of the West Rockford High School, class 
 of 1866 ; in 1867 he entered the University 
 of Michigan, graduated from Literary De- 
 partment, class of 1871 ; graduated from 
 the Law Department of the same college, 
 class of 1873 ; admitted to the bar at De- 
 troit, Mich., in 1873; admitted to the bar 
 of this State, at Mount Vernon, in Jvine, 
 1873; he is one of the most promising 
 members of the bar of Rockford. 
 
 SUM:NER HON. EPHKAIM, 
 
 Capitalist; residence 516 N. Church; 
 West Side ; born in Winhall, Vt., Feb. 9, 
 1808 ; in 1810 his parents moved to Darien, 
 Genesee Co., N. Y., where they remained 
 until 1831, when they moved to Mass.; in 
 1835 Mr. Sumner came to what is now 
 Pecatonica, Winnebago Co., where he was 
 engaged in farming and milling business 
 quite extensively for a great many years; 
 is still interested in flouring mills there, 
 and is the owner of large tracts of land in 
 this Co. ; was Justice of the Peace from 
 the organization of the Co. for a great 
 many years; Post^master several years; 
 was first Assessor, Road Commissioner, 
 Supervisor, etc. ; represented this District 
 in Twenty-sixth General Assembly ; mar- 
 ried Betsey Blake, May 4, 1847 ; she was 
 born in Maine, in 1813; they have two 
 children, Edward B. and Annie (now Mrs. 
 James B. Lane). 
 
 Sumner Thos. r 709 Second av ; e s. 
 Sumner W. A. moulder; r 709 3d av; e s. 
 Sundsledt Aug. machinist; r 1306 Third av. 
 Sundquist J. cabinetmkr; r 610 S. 6th; e s. 
 Sutton A. woodturner ; r Knowlton, cor S. 
 
 Court. 
 Swab E. r 303 S. Main ; w s. 
 Swab J. J. bds 303 S. Main; w s. 
 Swain Chas F. r 913 S. Court; s s. 
 Swain Chas. P. r 913 S. Court; s s. 
 Swain Samuel, cabinetmaker; r 403 S. Main. 
 Swan Aug. r n s Park ; e s. 
 Swan P. G. r Seminary, s R. R. 
 Swanberg John, r A Bowman, Park ; e s. 
 Swanson A. mechanic ; r s end S. Eighth. 
 Swanson Andrew, r 134 N. First; e s. 
 Swanson John, tailor ; r 801 Rural ; e s. 
 Swanson John, r 307 Bluff; e s. 
 Swanson Peter, carp ; r 608 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 Swanson S. lab; r s end Kishwaukee; e s. 
 Swarthout R. B. painter; r 303 N. 4th; e s. 
 Swamstrom C.G. mechanic ; r n s Park ; e s. 
 Sweeney J. emp Forbes ; r 1010 S. Main ; s s. 
 Swenson Louis, lab; r 505 E. Seminary; es. 
 Sweezey A. J. r Guilford. 
 
526 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Swits I. H. grocer ; r 906 Seminary. 
 Swits W. J. grocer; r 305 S. Second. 
 Swits Wm. A. r 906 Seminary ; e s. 
 Sykes O. E. flour and feed, 423 W. State; r 
 507 Chestnut ; w s. 
 
 T 
 
 AGGA.RT ALFRED, attorney; r N. 
 
 West, nr Napoleon; w s. 
 
 Talcott Wm. A. secy and treas Emerson, Tal- 
 cott & Co. ; r 408 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 TALCOTT HOIIf. \1^AIT. Whose 
 portrait we give in this work, was born at 
 Hebron, Conn., Oct. 17, 1807, removing to 
 Rome, "IS^. Y., in 1810, wliere he remained 
 till his 19th year. After a few years in a 
 store at Booneville, N. Y., he eneaged in 
 mercantile business in Utica till 1830. 
 He then removed to the village of Horse- 
 heads, Chemung Co., where, on Feb. 5, 
 1834, he married Elizabeth Anna, daugh- 
 ter of Dr. Ai'iel Norton, of Vernon, Oneida 
 County. 
 
 In the fall of 1838 he left New York for 
 Illinois, reaching Rockton, Winnebago 
 Co., on Oct. 12, after a trip of six weeks' 
 duration, made with his wife and child 
 (now Mrs. Ralph Emerson) in an emigrant 
 wagon. 
 
 Mr. Talcott soon united with the Con- 
 gregational church of Rockton, which 
 had been organized a few months before 
 , chiefly through the instrumentality of his 
 father, William Talcott, now deceased, 
 and at once identified himself actively with 
 the religious, educational, political and in- 
 dustrial interests of the new community. 
 
 He was one of the original incorpora- 
 tors of Beloit College and of Rockford 
 Female Seminary, and has been a member 
 of the Board of Trustees of the College 
 from the date of its organization. 
 
 As early as January, 1844, he introduced 
 into the church of which he was an active 
 member, a series of strong anti-slavery 
 resolutions ; and in the election of that 
 year, his was one of the seven votes in this 
 county for James G. Birney, the Liberty 
 party candidate. The principles which he 
 then supported under the ban of overwhelm- 
 ing public opposition have since became 
 the settled policy of the nation. He was 
 the candidate of the Liberty party for 
 Congress, when scarcely 500 votes could 
 be polled in support of its principles. 
 In the autumn of 1854 he was unanimously 
 nominated to the State Senatorship from 
 this district, representing the counties of 
 Winnebago, Carroll, Boone and Ogle, and 
 was elected by a handsome majority, 
 serving the term of four years with credit 
 to himself and satisfaction to his constit- 
 uents. 
 
 Mr. Talcott may well be said to be a pi- 
 oneer in the manufacturing business of 
 Rockford, which has now grown to such 
 importance. 
 
 In the spring of 1854, he, with his 
 brother Sylvester, formed a partnership 
 with John H. Manny, the inventor, and 
 commenced the manufacture of the cele- 
 brated John H. Manny Combined Reaper 
 and Mower, at Rockford. The firm man- 
 ufactured that year 1,100 implements. In 
 the autumn of that year the firm was en- 
 larged by the addition of Ralph Emerson 
 and Jesse Blinn ; and, with increased capi- 
 tal, in the season of 1855, they made 2,300 
 machines; in 1856, 3,300; and in 1857, 5,- 
 000. 
 
 To the enterprise thus early started, 
 may now be attributed much of the pres- 
 ent prosperity of Rockford, and the fact 
 that it is to-day the chief manufacturing 
 city in Illinois. 
 
 Ever since the inception of this enter- 
 prise, Mr. Talcott has been associated with 
 the manufacturing interests of Rockford, 
 as has also Ralph Emerson, the senior 
 member of the firm of Emerson, Talcott 
 & Co., which is the direct outgrowth of 
 the original firm, established in 1854, 
 through Mr. Talcott's agency. Since 1860, 
 Mr. Talcott's oldest son, William A. Tal- 
 cott, has also been an active member ot 
 the firm. 
 
 To this firm was due the successful con- 
 duct of the great patent case originating 
 in Cyrus H. McCormick's celebrated suit 
 against them under charge of infringe- 
 ment and resulting in opening the con- 
 struction of reapers to the manufacturing 
 public. The conduct of this case cost the 
 defendants over $75,000, and enlisted in 
 their behalf some of the ablest legal talent 
 in the nation. Among their counsel were 
 Abraham Lincoln, Edwin M. Stanton and 
 Peter H. Watson, who first met person- 
 ally in the defense of this suit, and after- 
 wards formed the celebrated triumvi- 
 rate who, as President, Secretary of 
 War, and Assistant Secretary of 
 War, played so conspicuous a part in 
 subduing the great rebellion and preserv- 
 ing the nation. The firm paid Mr. Lin- 
 coln a retaining fee of $1,000, which Mr. 
 Lincoln afterwards said was the money 
 that enabled him to stump the state ot 
 Illinois against Stephen A. Douglas, and 
 thus introduced him to the nation at large 
 and gave him the Presidency. 
 
 In after years, and during the dark 
 hours of the rebellion, President Lincoln 
 often spoke of this lawsuit as being the 
 means of bringing to his notice the two 
 men who so ably assisted in that trial and 
 who afterwards so bravely held up his 
 hands during the war. 
 
 After the passage of the Internal Rev- 
 enue Act, Mr. Talcott was appointed by 
 President Lincoln, Collector of Internal 
 Revenue for his Congressional District — 
 the Second Illinois. The President sent 
 him notice of his intention to appoint him 
 in the following personal note : 
 
ROOKFOBD cmr. 
 
 527 
 
 Executive Mansion, [ 
 Washington, Aug. 27, 1862. J 
 Hon. Wait Talcott: 
 
 My Dear Sir — I have determined to ap- 
 point you Collector. I now have a very 
 special request to make of you, which is 
 that you will make no war upon Mr. 
 Washburne, who is also my friend, of 
 longer standing than yourself. I shall 
 even be obliged if you can do something 
 for him if occasion pi'eseuts. 
 Yours truly, 
 
 A. Lincoln. 
 
 The office thus conferred, he held some 
 five years. This note, indited in his kind- 
 ness of heart by Mi'. Lincoln, and in oppo- 
 sition to the request of several Congress- 
 men who were clamorous for the appoint- 
 ment of favorites, shows in what esteem 
 and in what kindly feeling Mr. Talcott 
 was held by the martyred President. 
 
 Mr. Talcott was in Washington just after 
 the assassination of President Lincoln, and 
 having been selected by the citizens of 
 Illinois then in Washington, attended the 
 funeral services as one of the mourners, to 
 represent the State of Illinois. 
 
 At the breaking out of the rebellion, Mr. 
 Talcott was past the age fixed by law for 
 military duty; but when Congress passed 
 the law authorizing citizens to employ a 
 substitute, to be designated by their name, 
 he paid a large bounty to Charles H. Red- 
 ington, a veteran, who represented him. A 
 certificate from the government for this 
 representative service in the war, signed 
 by General James B. Fry, is in his posses- 
 sion. 
 
 On the 7th of August, 1873, Mr. Talcott 
 was called to part with his life-long com- 
 panion, Mrs. Elizabeth Anna Talcott, 
 whose death was mourned by a wide circle 
 of friends and whose memory is still 
 precious to all who knew her, and especi- 
 ally to the poor and the sick, whom her 
 sympathy and charity so constantly cheered 
 and blessed. 
 
 Although far advanced in life, having 
 just passed the three score years and ten 
 allotted to man, Mr. Talcott, now the Pres- 
 ident of the Winnebago County Early Set- 
 tlers' Society, is hale and hearty, and does 
 not abate his wonted activity in business 
 life. Up early and late, he continues to look 
 after many of the details and intricacies 
 of the business matters incident to the 
 wide spread interests of Emerson, Talcott 
 & Co., with which firm he still retains a 
 business connection. Nor does he relax 
 in any degree the acts and duties of the 
 good citizen in the social, civil, and re- 
 ligious relations of life. 
 
 To such men is Winnebago County 
 greatly indebted for the development of 
 its physical resources, its social relations, 
 its church and educational advantages. 
 The marks of such early pioneers are 
 
 seen in all its rapid growth and present 
 prosperity. 
 
 Tambling W. H. carp ; r S. Avon, cor Cedar. 
 Tanner Jas. D. r ."504 E. Seminary ; e s. 
 Tanner S. W. horse collar mfg, under Rock- 
 ford Nat'l Bank; rr)04 E. Seminary; e s. 
 Tanner Wm. J. r 504 E. Seminary. 
 Taylor A. W. carp ; bds Forest City Hotel. 
 Taylor E. I. trav agt; r North, cor Horsman. 
 
 TAYI.OK HORACE W. Attorney 
 and Master in Chancery ; office over Rock- 
 ford Nat'l Bank; residence 535 N. Church; 
 West Side; born in Granby, Hamjjshire 
 Co., Mass., Feb. 1, 1823 ; came to Rock- 
 ford, in Nov., 1857 ; married Ama A. Rob- 
 inson, of Enfield, Mass. ; they have three 
 children, Agnes, Willard R. and Ama S. ; 
 Mr. Taylor has served as Master in Chan- 
 cery over severi years in this place. 
 
 Taylor J. A. printer ; bds 1202 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Taylor Jas. machinist ; r 1012 Rock ; s s. 
 
 Taylor M. A. watchmkr ; bds 107 N. 1st ; e s. 
 
 Taylor R. J. machinist; r 1012 Rock; s s. 
 
 Taylor Robt. blksmith; r 1012 Rock; s s. 
 
 Teachout F. emp W. T. Crook ; r 609 5th av. 
 
 Teague Geo. printer; r over 318 E. State. 
 
 Teague Wm. carp ; r over 318 E. State. 
 
 Tebbets A. A. architect ; r 021 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 TEBBETTS HIRAM W. Physi 
 cian and Surgeon; office over N. C. 
 Thompson's Bank, 329 E. State st. ; resi- 
 dence 303 Market st., bet. N. First and N. 
 Second, East Side; born in Carroll Parish, 
 La., Dec. 22, 1845 ; came to Rockford in 
 April, 1876; educated at St. Paul's School, 
 Concord, N. H. ; graduate of Dartmouth 
 Medical College, Hanover N. H., class of 
 1866; married Lucy J. Morrill, daughter 
 of Elisha Morrill, Oct. 20, 1875 ; she was 
 from Marlon Tp., Ogle Co., 111. 
 
 Teeple C. G. bkpr Chick & Cox; r409 N. 1st. 
 
 Terry F. W. watchmaker ; r 104 North ; w s. 
 
 Terry George S. r 104 North. 
 
 Terry J. W. mchts' police ; r 104 North ; w s. 
 
 Tetlow Joshua H. r John W. Tetlow. 
 
 Tetlow J. W. emp at depot; r 507 Pleasant. 
 
 Tewksbury A. watchmaker ; bds 209 N. First 
 
 Tewksbury I. A. watchmkr ; r 408 S.Main ; e s. 
 
 Thayer Geo. r 303 S. Winnebago; w s. 
 
 Thayer John, r 401 N. West. 
 
 THAYER J. Of the firm of Springer, 
 Thayer & Co., manufacturers of IXL Wind- 
 mills, and dealers in Iron and Wood 
 Pumps, cor. State and Water sts. ; resi- 
 dence 802 S. Court, South Side ; Mr. Thayer 
 was born in Salem, Mass., May 31, 1817; 
 came to Rocktord in Aug., 1858; married 
 Maria Rosegrant, Jan. 10, 1837 ; she was 
 born at Lodi, Seneca Co., N. Y., Feb. 26, 
 1819 ; they have five daughters. 
 
 Thayer R. B. machinist ; r 1002 S. Church ; s s. 
 
528 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DERECTOEY: 
 
 Thayer W. T. tack factory; r 606 N. Winne- 
 bago. 
 
 Thiers W. C. elk Am Ex Co; bds Holland 
 House. 
 
 Thomas E. A. carp ; r S. Tenth, bet Tenth 
 and Eleventh avs ; W. A. 
 
 Thomas E. G. elk; bds 708 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Thomas E. P. bkpr; r 613 N. Church. 
 
 Thomas M. D. soap mkr; r 608 S. Fifth; e s. 
 
 Thompson A. blacksmith ; r 208 N. Second. 
 
 Thompson A.J. engineer: r S. Third. 
 
 Thompson E. H. mechanic; rll07 S. West. 
 
 Thompson G. W. r 507 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Thompson H. wood sawer; rover 328 E. State. 
 
 Thompson James B. bds 111 S. Third; e s. 
 
 Thompson Jonas, r 405 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 THOMPSO]!ir K". C. Manufacturer of 
 Gorham Sulky and Walking Cultivators, 
 Gang, Sulky and Stirring Plows, Sulky 
 Attachments for Plows, Corn Stalk Cut- 
 ters, Rolling Coulters, Grain Binders, etc., 
 329 E. State st. ; water power, 642 S. Main -. 
 residence 507 N. Main, West Side. 
 
 Thompson N. F. r 507 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Thompson N. T. tailor ; r 405 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 Thompson P. R. conductor; r 207 S. West. 
 
 Thompson Thos. employe rule factory; bds 
 711 Mulberry. 
 
 Thompson F. A. moulder; r 1208 S. West. 
 
 Thompson J. mechanic; r 508 Kishwaukee. 
 
 THOREHO^ JOHX, Manufacturer 
 of Wagons, Carriages, Buggies and Sleighs ; 
 all kinds of repairing and carriage paint- 
 ing to order, 320 and 322 S. Main st. ; resi- 
 dence 322 S. Main ; born in Christiana, 
 Norway, April 16, 1820; came to Chicago 
 in 1853; removed to Rockford in 1855; 
 Mr. Thoreson commenced working at car- 
 riage making in 1835, while in Europe, 
 and has continued in the same business 
 ever since ; married Martha Olson, Dec. 18, 
 1848 ; she was born in same place as Mr. 
 T. ; they have two children living : Thomas, 
 born March 6, 1850, and Matilda J., Sept. 
 5, 1861 ; they have lost five sons. 
 
 Thoreson T. carriage painter; r 606 Pleasant. 
 
 Thurston J. painter; r 404 Kishwaukee; e s. 
 
 THURSTOJf J. H. Buyer of fine 
 grades of Butter, highest market price 
 paid at all times, 303 E. State st. ; residence 
 207 S. Main, East Side ; storage (tempera- 
 ture 58 degrees) without charge for those 
 who may desire to hold for any expected 
 market advance. 
 
 Thurston J. W. tinsmith ; r 506 N. Second. 
 
 Ticknor D. W. auctioneer, 120 S. Main ; r 
 708 N. Court. 
 
 Ticknor J. S. agt Am Ex Co, 208 S. Main, 
 under Holland House ; r 608 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Ticknor L. W. with D. W. Ticknor ; r over 
 120 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Tierney Michael, lab; r 1303 Second av. 
 Tierney Michael, r 1108 River; s s. 
 Tierney Peter, lab; r 1108 River; s s. 
 Tierney John, painter; r 1108 River; s s. 
 Tierney Wm. bartender; bds 1108 River; s s. 
 Tichman H. emp Forbes ; r 902 Rock ; s s. 
 
 TIIiDEN J. R. Carpenter and Con- 
 tractor, 1305 S. West St. ; born in Boston, 
 Mass. ; came to Rockford in 1860 ; married 
 Ellen Snow ; she was born in Pomfret, Vt. 
 
 Tilden Wm. H. carp; r 1305 S. West; s s. 
 
 Timmins John, r 724 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Timmins Thomas, r 724 N. First ; e s. 
 
 TIJVKER HOX. ROBERT H. 
 
 Capitalist ; r S. Main st. ; born in Hono- 
 lulu, Sandwich Islands, Dec. 31, 1836; 
 came to Rockford in Aug., 1856 ; married 
 Mrs. John H. Manny, April 24, 1870; 
 she was born at Hoosac Falls, N. Y. ; Mr. 
 Tinker is President of Chicago, Rock- 
 ford & Northern Railway Co.; in 1875 
 and 1876, he was Maj^or of Rockford ; he 
 is one of the Directors of the Water Power 
 Co., Director of the Rockford Bolt Works, 
 Secretary and Treasurer of the McPher- 
 son Steam Vacuum Pump Co., Treasurer 
 Rockford Brush Co., and largely inter- 
 ested in other enterprises. 
 
 Tisdale E. L. mechanic ; r 708 Wall ; s s. 
 Titus John, cooper; r 608 N. First; e s. 
 Titus S. emp T. Scott; r 710 N. Main; e s. 
 Tobin J. E. watchmaker; bds 107 N. 1st; es. 
 Toffelmire Wm. hack driver A.Vanlnwagen. 
 Tolmie D. stonecutter ; bds White's Hotel. 
 Tompkins John, r 606 S. Fourth ; e s. 
 Toner C. gardener ; r 829 N. Main ; w s. 
 Tool A. lab ; r Corbin bet Blake and Kent ; s s. 
 Tool J. lab ; r Corbin bet Blake and Kent; s s. 
 
 TOWER CAL.EB E. With Orlando 
 Clark Manufacturing Heating Apparatus, 
 etc. ; residence 526 N. Church st. ; born in 
 Edwardsville, Madison Co., 111., Nov. 13, 
 1841 ; he, with his mt)ther and two sisters, 
 removed to Rockford when he was four- 
 teen years of age; he has worked at 
 machinists' business since he was fifteen 
 years of age; was with Clark & Utter 21 
 years; was foreman of their works 10 
 years; he married Nellie H. Dunn, Oct. 4, 
 1868 ; she was born in N. Y . State, Sept. 
 20, 1839 ; Mrs. Tower is a member of the 
 Christian Union Church. 
 
 Towle C. H. painter ; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Towne J. watchmaker; bds 107 N. 1st; e s. 
 
 Towner Joseph H. carp ; r 708 W. State. 
 
 Townsend C.C. elk ; r 702 N.Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 Tracy T.M.emp G.Bradley ; r Lee cor School. 
 
 Tracy Timothy, r Lee. 
 
 Treadwell G. Frank, machinist; r 205 N. 3d. 
 
 Trahern Delbert, r Kent cor S. Court. 
 
 1 
 
ROCKFOKD CITY. 
 
 529 
 
 TRAHERN FRAITK B. Superin- 
 tendent of W. D.Trahern's Iron and Pump 
 Works ; residence 308 Kent st. ; born in 
 Fredericlitovvn, Oliio, Feb. 6, 1829; came 
 to Rockford in Jan., 1848 ; lie has worked 
 at machinists' business since he was 19 
 years of age; married Martha Reader, 
 Nov. 4, 1854; she was born in N. Y. State, 
 in 1833; tliey liave two children, Delbert 
 E. and Harvey R. ; Mrs. Trahern is a 
 member of the First Baptist Church. 
 
 Trahern Oscar, r 910 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 
 TRAHERN W. D. Proprietor of the 
 Rockford Metal Pump Works ; residence 
 910 S. Winnebago; South Side; manu- 
 factures Force, Suction and Lift, Engine, 
 Wind Mill and Cistern Pumps ; Mr. T. also 
 manufactures Horse Powers ; general iron 
 jobbing work done; send for illustrated 
 catalogue, with prices, discounts, etc., to 
 the trade ; address W. D. Trahern, Rock- 
 ford, 111. 
 
 Traner Peter, mechanic ; r 503 S. First ; e s. 
 
 Traphagen W. J. r 811 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 
 TRAPHAOEX WM, H. Pattern 
 Maker and Experimental Machinist for 
 Emerson & Co. ; residence 1001 Ferguson 
 St.; born in N. Y. City, Sept. 26, 1838; 
 came to Sparta, Wis., in 1857 ; lived there 
 two years ; then removed to Jefferson City, 
 Mo., where he was engaged 1 year on the 
 State House, interior carpenter work ; he 
 returned to N. Y. City, in 1860, where he 
 remained until the fall of 1861, when he 
 came to Rockford; carried on carpenter 
 work here for a few years; in 1872, he 
 began work tor Emerson & Co., and has 
 been with them ever since; married 
 Rachel Ann Price, Sept. 26, 1861 ; she was 
 born in Germantown, Columbia Co., N. Y., 
 Feb. 22, 1838; they have three sons, Wil- 
 lie P., Frank E., and Harry V. V. ; Mr. 
 and Mrs. Traphagen are members of the 
 Winnebago Street M. E. Church. 
 
 Treats. W. loan agt 401E.State; r 502 E. 
 Seminary. 
 
 Trenholm Alex, r 706 Kishwaukee ; e s. 
 
 Trickey Wm. lab ; r 108 N. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Trigg R. marble works ; r 610 Longwood ; e s. 
 
 Tripp Tomkins, r 1005 E. State. 
 
 Tripp W. A. mechanic ; r 506 Knowlton ; s s. 
 
 Trott Wm. M. collector, r S. Winnebago 
 near Cunningham. 
 
 Troxell Geo. r 609 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 TROIVBRIDOE L.. A. Assistant 
 Cashier Third National Bank ; residence 
 302 Rock St., opp East Side Park; born 
 in Danbury, Conn., April 19, 1847; came 
 to Rockford in March, 1861 ; he has been 
 connected with the Third National Bank 
 13 years ; for 3 years previous to his con- 
 nection with the Bank he was in the book- 
 store of J. B. Howell, East Side. 
 
 Trowbridge M. T. r 302 Rock ; opp Park. 
 
 'ater; es. 
 
 ■ry. \ 
 iison : s^ 
 
 Truesbury A. blacksmith ; r 129 S.Water ; es. 
 Truesdell Byron, lab ; r 107 S. Avon. ~ 
 Truesdell Frank, lab; r 807 Mulberry. 
 Truesdell W. H. painter; r 905 Ferguson; 
 
 TRUFANT GEORGE H. Cashier 
 Peoples Savings Bank; residence over 118 
 S. Main st.. West Side; born in Lynn, 
 Mass., Feb. 28, 1841; came to Rockford 
 in Sept., 1855 ; married Emma L.Faulkner ; 
 she was born in England ; they have one 
 daughter, Delia, born April 17, 1861 ; Mr. 
 Trufant served 2 years and 8 months in 
 Subsistence Department, at Chattanooga, 
 during the war; from 1866 to 1874, he 
 was connected with American and Mer- 
 chants Union Express Companies, in 
 Rockford ; for some time previous he was 
 with his father in the boot and shoe busi- 
 ness here; he was City Treasurer in 1876. 
 
 Trufant S. eng; r 1110 Montague; s s. 
 
 Trumbull Walter, carp ; r 801 E. State. 
 
 Truman Orson, r 509 Walnut ; e s. 
 
 Truman Wm. blacksmith 107 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Tucker C. S. milkman; r 210 Davis; e s. 
 
 Tucker H.milkman ;r7th house u bridge,N.2d 
 
 Tucker H. L., mechanic; r s 8th cor 11th av. 
 
 Tucker R. emp gas works ; r 822 Rural ; e s. 
 
 Tucker Mrs. Mary A. r 811 Benton; e s. 
 
 TuckerW.emp gas works ;r st n cemetery ; e s. 
 
 Tupper Frank, r Rock, cor N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Tupper H. L. attorney at law; 211 W. State; 
 r 401 N. Second. 
 
 Turison Louis, r 510 S. First ; e s. 
 
 TURKEBfKOPH DAVID, Propri- 
 etor Centennial Clothing House 123 W. 
 State St.; the latest and best grades of 
 Clothing, Gents' Furnishing Goods, Hats, 
 Caps and Trunks alwaj^s on hand, and 
 will be sold at bottom prices; born in 
 Easton, Pa., Aug. 12, 1853; came to Rock- 
 ford in June, 1871. 
 
 Turneaure Peter R. r Chestnut near S. West. 
 
 Turner Jos. E. r 807 Rockton av. 
 
 Tuttle Sam. express ; r 118 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Two Thos. lab; r 118 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Twiss G. W. florist and seeds; r 706 S. 4th. 
 
 Tyan Mich, lab; r 309 S. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 Tynan Ed. lab; r 1014 N. Second; e s. 
 
 UBBING F. shoemaker; r 503 N. Third; 
 es. • 
 
 Ufford Alfred, r 610 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Ulrici D.bookbind Register; r 1008 Mulberry. 
 
 Ulrici Yi.hookhxnCi Meg ister ; r 1008 Mulberry. 
 
 Updick G. at H.G.Allen & Co. ; r S.Main ; s s. 
 
 Upson L.D.furniture mfr ; r 423 N.Main ; w 3. 
 
 UPT05f CHAS. O. Proprietor Meat 
 Market, 311 W. State st., and member of 
 the firm of Upton & Crill, dealers in Live 
 Stock ; yard at Galena depot ; Mr. Upton 
 resides at 712 N. Court st. ; he was born in 
 
530 
 
 WINNEBAGO COtTNTY BIRECTORT! 
 
 Reading, Mass., Sept. 17, 1832; came to 
 Rockford in 1854; married Lizzie C. Ray- 
 nor, March 26, 1855 ; she was born in Read- 
 ing, Mass.; have three children living, 
 Flora, Clyde Warren, and Lucy Josephine ; 
 lost one daughter, Nellie Raynor; Mr. Up- 
 ton was Alderman of the Fourth Ward 
 two terms, of two years each ; was one of 
 the Committee that built the Holly Water 
 Works here; is one of the Directors of the 
 Second National Bank. 
 
 Urquhart D.G.blacksmitli ; r 701 Rockton av. 
 
 Utter C. M. paper mill ; r over 120 W. State. 
 
 Utter F. at Utter mfg Co ; r 211 S.Wiunebago. 
 
 Utter H. B. secretary and treasurer Utter 
 Manufacturing Co. ; r 408 S. Church ; w s. 
 
 UTTER ISAAC, Pres. Utter Mfg. Co. ; 
 residence 211 S. Winnebago st. ; born in 
 Eaton, Madison Co., N. Y., Jan. 17, 1809 ; 
 lived in that Co. until 1837, when he moved 
 to Angelica, Allegany Co., N. Y., where he 
 lived until 1840, when he removed to War- 
 saw, Wyoming Co., N. Y., where he built 
 a woolen factory, and carried on the busi- 
 ness of cloth manufacturing until 1850, 
 when he sold out; was out of business for 
 two years ; in 1852 he came to Rockford ; 
 entered into partnership with Orlando 
 Clark the same year, and continued in 
 partnership with him until Oct., 1876; in 
 1865 he entered into partnership with Levi 
 Rhoades ; they built the Rockford Paper 
 Mills, and commenced the manufacture of 
 paper in the spring of 1866, and have con- 
 tinued the business ever since ; he is one 
 of the owners and directors of the Rock- 
 ford Tack Co. ; is a Director of Peoples 
 Savings Bank; also stockholder of Rock- 
 ford Watch Co., etc ; married Eliza Smith, 
 Jan. 14, 1832 ; she was born in Eaton, N. 
 Y., in May, 1810; she died Oct. 28, 1871; 
 six children bj^ this marriage, now living ; 
 Chas. M., Morris L., Harriet L., now Mrs. 
 W. E. S. Trowbridge; Horace B., Mary 
 Eliza, now Mrs. Milton D. Fraley, and Fi- 
 dello O.; present wife was Lydia Rush; 
 married Jan. 18, 1873; she was born in 
 Penn. ; Mr. and Mrs. Utter are members of 
 the Christian Union church. 
 
 UTTER M. li. Vice Pres' Utter Mfg. 
 Co., Manufacturers of Gorham's Broadcast 
 Seeder, Corn Cultivator, Flouring, Grist 
 and Saw Mill Machinery, Well Drilling 
 Machines, and Drilling Tools; also Gen- 
 eral Jobbing of all kinds, Rockford, 111. ; 
 boards Holland House. 
 
 VALENTINE A. P. lab ; r Sixth av. cor 
 S. Seventh ; e s. 
 Valentine G. r st. from Seminary, s. R. R. 
 Valentine Louis, r Seminary, s. R. R. 
 Van Alstyn Albert T. bds 117 N. Third; e s. 
 Van Alstyne Walter, carp; r 512 Elm; w s. 
 VanArnam Wm. hardware; r 117 N. Church. 
 VanArnam W. E.clk ; bds 117;N.Church ; w s. 
 
 Vanberg Andrew, r 605 S. Sixth. 
 Vanblumb Gust, r st. from Seminary, s R.R. 
 Vanblumb Gust, stonecutter; r Seminary s. 
 
 R. R. ; e s. 
 VanBrocklin Alex, r 109 Summit. 
 VanBrocklin Alex.. jr.,bds 402 S. Main; w s. 
 VanBrocklin D. C. moulder; r 109 Summit. 
 VanBrocklin J. machinist ; r 107 Peach ; w s. 
 VanDeMark Jacob, janitor; r 1201 Charles. 
 VanEtten S. life ins agt ; r 501 N.Church ; w s. 
 
 VAXIIVWAGEX AKTHOXY, 
 
 Livery, Feed and Boarding Stable, and of 
 Rockford Omnibus and Hack Line; sta- 
 bles cor Church and Elm sts. ; residence 
 309 North st. ; born in Orange Co., N. Y., 
 Feb. 11, 1809; when he was two years of 
 age his parents moved to Wayne Co., N. 
 Y. ; for several years he was Captain of a 
 boat on the Erie canal ; was in mercantile 
 business about six years in Wayne Co. ; 
 was engaged in business in Troy, N. Y. ; 
 had the agency of Detroit line, etc. ; was 
 in business in Buffalo, several years, For- 
 warding business, etc.; in 1855 he came to 
 Chicago; was in Forwarding and Com- 
 mission business twelve years; was also 
 Agent Peoples' Line of Propellors at Chi- 
 cago ; came to Rockford in 1867 ; first wife 
 was Maria Jackson; she died in 1844; 
 three children living, by this marriage; 
 Mary Jane, now Mrs. Geo. Keyes, James 
 and Caroline, now Mrs. Chas. H. Foster; 
 second wife was Matilda Jordan; she died 
 Jan. 30, 1877; three children living; Ade- 
 line G., now Mrs. L. C. Lawrence; Eme- 
 line R., now Mrs. James H. Bishop, and 
 Charles A. 
 
 Van Inwagen Chas. A. r 309 North. 
 
 Vanoit N. at Friedman's, bds201 N.Main ; w s. 
 
 Van Order Cyrus, bds W.S.Wilkins,Kent ; s s. 
 
 Van Patten J. T. painter; bds 1105 S. Win- 
 nebago; s s. 
 
 Vanston David, r 804 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Van Valkenburgh Chas. r over 203 W. State. 
 
 Van Valkenburgh M. r over 203 W. State. 
 
 Van Wie A. H. r w end Montague ; s s. 
 
 VanWie E. A. woolen mill ; r 123 N.Main; ws. 
 
 Van Zant Dr. G. W. r 206 N. Second. 
 
 VaseyNich.veterinary surg ;r 217 S.Main ;w s. 
 
 Vellage B. G. watchmkr ; r 705 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Vellage Bernard G. jr. r 705 N. Main; e s. 
 
 Vellage Chas. r 705 N. Main ; e s. 
 
 Vestal Geo. W. col ; r 1206 Second av ; e s. 
 
 Vincent T. G. physician, over 125 W. State ; 
 r 603 N. Church. 
 
 Vincer John, r cor South and Cunningham. 
 
 WADDELL A. M. r 3d house n of bridge, 
 N. Second. 
 
 WaddellA.S.cabinetmkr ; rll04 Ferguson ;s s. 
 
KOCKFOKD CITY. 
 
 531 
 
 Wadtlell D. J. bkpr ; r 3d house u of bridge, 
 N. Second. 
 
 Waddles Jeflerson S. r 1101 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 Wadsworth F. C. r 810 Second av. 
 
 Wahlgren P. carriagemaker, bds same. 
 
 Wahl C. E. brewer ; r Fisher's brewery. 
 
 WAlIIi E. €. of Fisher & Wahl, Manu- 
 facturers and Dealers in Lager Beer and 
 Ale ; residence Fisher's Brewery ; Brewery 
 established in 1869; manufactures at an 
 average of 800 barrels a year, mostly con- 
 sumed in this county ; born in Germany 
 March 10, 1838 ; came to America, 1864 ; 
 and to Rockford in 1867 ; married Mary 
 E. Behr, Oct. 17, 1875 ; she was born in 
 Chicago ; they have one child, Anne Eliz- 
 abeth, born June 28, 1877. 
 
 Wakemau B. Howard, r 613 North; w s. 
 
 Waldo B. R. 
 
 Waldo Henry D. r 1302 Third av; e s. 
 
 IVAIiBO HIRAM H. Bookseller and 
 Stationer, 304 W. State; residence 209 N. 
 Main,West Side ; born in Alba,GeneseeCo., 
 N. Y.,]Srov. 23, 1827; came to Rockford in 
 1846; married Olive S.True, 1854; she died 
 Aug. 26, 1858 ; present wife was Sarah E. 
 Hulett, married Dec. 20, 1860 ; one child by 
 this marriage, deceased; Mr. Waldo was 
 County School Commissioner. 
 
 Waldo Elder L. D. pastor Disciples church ; 
 r 1302 Third av. 
 
 Waldron C. J. grocer, 1309 S. Court ; s s. 
 Walker A. J. carp ; r 311 S. Main ; w s. 
 Walker Albert, r 704 N. First; e s. 
 Walker Barney, lab ; r 1307 S. Court ; s s. 
 Walker J. B. mechanic ; bds 302 S. Main ; w s. 
 Walker N. A. r 803 S. Main ; s s. 
 Wall Andrew, papermaker ; r River. 
 Wall Joseph, papermaker ; r River,lower end. 
 Wall P. O. N. tailor; bds over 410 E. State. 
 Wall P. U. tailor; r 1103 Third av. 
 Wallace Chas. painter ; bds 906 Pecatonica. 
 Wallberg Gust, r 504 Pope. 
 Waller John, lab ; r 1001 Rock ; s s. 
 Wallin Adolph, lab; r 1105 Fourth av; e s. 
 Wallin C. J. papermaker ; r 602 Kishwaukee. 
 Walling D.W.C. scroll sawyer ; r 509 S.Second. 
 Walling John, lab; r 1007 E. State. 
 Walling Thomas, lab ; r 1007 E. State. 
 Wallis B. M. carp ; r 712 Benton ; e s. 
 Wallis J'ohn, r 501 Longwood; e s. 
 
 WA1.JL1IS 'WM, T. Cashier of Third 
 National Bank; residence Prospect St., 
 near city limits; born in New York City, 
 March 13, 1817 ; he was engaged in whole- 
 sale Dry Goods trade there from 1840 to 
 1852; first came to Rockford in 1852; 
 spent the summers of 1852 and 1853 here, 
 and in 1857 removed to Rockford and 
 made this his permanent residence; he 
 
 28K 
 
 organized the Tliird National Bank Sept. 
 1, 1864, and has continued in the banking 
 business ever since ; in May, 1857, he mar- 
 ried Henrietta Remsen of New Jersey; 
 they have two cluldren: Mary Ann, now 
 Mrs. C. A. Sanborn, and Henrietta E. 
 
 WalmsleyThos. carp; rlOOO S. Winnebago. 
 
 Walmsley Wm. gardr ; r 1009 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Walrath C. W. teacher ; bds 606 N.Fourth ; e.s. 
 
 Walrath J. A. carp ; r S. Eighth, W. A. 
 
 Walsh James, grocer; r 719 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Walton R. wire cloth weaver, 213 S. 4th ; e s. 
 
 Walquist Chas. r Seminary, near limits. 
 
 Ward A. J. painter ; r 221 S. Water ; e s. 
 
 Ward Anson, r 604 Knowlton. 
 
 WARW FRABf K, Proprietor of Foun- 
 dry and Machine Shops, on Water Power, 
 Tinker's building; resides at 1008 S. West 
 St. ; born in Canada, May 30, 1836 ; came 
 to Rockford 24 years ago ; married Helen 
 Workman; she was borninPenn.; they 
 have five children ; Mr. Ward has worked 
 at machinists' trade since he was 14 years 
 of age; he does general jobbing work o*" 
 every descriptiuu in his line. 
 
 Ward F. G. tailor; r 1104 Fourth av. 
 Ward Geo. S. carp; bds 112 S. Second; e s. 
 Ward Hiram, cooper; bds C. Henry's. 
 Ward Hugh, elk ; bds 501 S. Third ; e s. 
 Ward James, carriage painter. 
 Ward Joseph, r 820 Rural ; e s. 
 Ward S. L. painter ; r 221 S. Water ; e s. 
 Warfield John, r 202 S. Water; e s. 
 Warfield J. W. carp ; r 802 Montague ; s s. 
 Warner Albert S. r 1105 S. West; s s. 
 Warner Frank E. r 1105 S. West; s s. 
 Warner C. cabinet maker; r 503 East; e s. 
 Warner D. carp ; r Corbin, cor Morgan ; s s. 
 Warner Julius, r 503 East; e s. 
 Warner L. F. attorney, State st, opposite 
 court house ; r 601 Cherry. 
 
 WARI^fER NORMAX C. Attorney 
 and Counselor at Law ; Ottice, No. 2 Mason- 
 ic Block ; born in Lima, Livingston Co., N. 
 Y. ; came to Wilmington, Will Co., 111., in 
 1849 ; came to Roclvford in 1869 ; he pur- 
 sued an academic course at Clark Semi- 
 nary, Aurora, 111. ; pursued law course at 
 Columbiana College, Washington, D. C. ; 
 graduated and was admitted to the bar at 
 Washington, June, 1868; since that time 
 has been actively engaged in tlie practice 
 of his profession, and is ranked as one of 
 the leading members of the bar of this 
 State; Major Warner enlisted as a private 
 in Co. E, 39th I. V. I., Sept. 22, 1861 ; for 
 meritorious conduct he was promoted to 
 Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, and 
 Captain of his Co., and then to Major of 
 Volunteers; was dangerously wounded 
 Aug. 16, 1864, at Strawberry Plains; in 
 
632 
 
 WESTNEBAGO COtJNTY DIKEOTORY: 
 
 consequence retired from the service two 
 months later, having served three years. 
 
 Warner S. P. millwright; r 1105 S. West; s s. 
 
 Warner Wm. lab; r 1504 S. West; s s. 
 
 Warren Rev. Alphe, r 515 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Warren Geo. S. carp, Salem, n N. Church. 
 
 IVARKEX JOHX H. Of the firm of 
 Soper & Warren, wholesale dealers in 
 Fancy Goods, Notions and Cigars, 126 W. 
 State St. ; Mr. Warren resides at 513 N. 
 Church; born in Milton, Wis , March 31, 
 1850 ; came to Rockford in 1870 ; married 
 Lottie A. Meiitzer, Nov. 14, 1870; they 
 have two children living, Edward S. and 
 Harriet M. ; lost one child, Henry A., who 
 died Dec. 31, 1874, aged 1 year and 10 
 months. 
 
 Warren M. B. drayman; r 803 Rock; s s. 
 
 Washburne C. E. cabinet maker ; r 904 Rock- 
 ton av. 
 
 Washburne J . T. cabinet maker ; r 904 Rock- 
 ton av. 
 
 Washburne Edward Y. r 904 Rockton av. 
 
 Washburn G. H. emp tack factory; r 207 
 Horsman. 
 
 Waterbury E.D.rule mfr ; r 1003 S.Church ; s s. 
 
 Waterman F. W. Travelers' Ins Co, P O 
 building; bds 609 S. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Waterman J. D. bkpr ; r 214 S. Church ; w s. 
 
 Waterman J. H. manager W. U. telegraph 
 office, Galena depot; r 709 Elm. 
 
 Waterman Hiram, carp; r 406 S. Main; e s. 
 
 Watson Edward, butcher ; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Watson Fred. S. r 707 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Watson Rev. John, r 703 Rural ; e s. 
 
 WATS^J]^ WM, Secretary Rockford 
 Insurance Co. ; Office over Second Nat'l 
 Bank, cor. State and Main sts. ; residence 
 611 W. State st. 
 
 Watts , rooms Wallack's block. 
 
 Waxham E. bkpr ; r 605 Rockton av ; w s. 
 
 Waxham Geo. pattern maker; r Montague, 
 bet S. Main and Church ; s s. 
 
 Way S. J. druggist; r 406 N. First; e s. 
 
 Weary M. S. photog'r ; bds 508 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Weatherspoon G. watch maker ; bds Ameri- 
 can House. 
 
 Weaver Geo. W. r 1109 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 Weaver Lester B. r 1109 Ferguson; s s. 
 
 Webb James, r 1202 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 
 Webb Rev. Wm. R., D.D., r 604 N.Second ; e s. 
 
 Weber B. A. tin and copper works, 110 N 
 Main; r 1012 Elm; ws. 
 
 Weber Claus, blacksmith ; r 1205 S. Winne 
 bago ; s s. 
 
 Webster Carlton, r Ninth av ; W. A. 
 
 Webster Charles, r 310 S. Main; e s. 
 
 Webster Wm. V. r 301 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Weeden R. C. r 910 S. Main ; s s. 
 
 Weidman J. E. carp ; r 405 N. Third ; e s. 
 Weir D. emp G. Haskell ; r 815 N.Main ; w s. 
 Weir Neil, emp B.& E. ; r 815 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 WEBSElfAHL JACOB, Dyer and 
 
 Scourer of Ladies' and Gents' Clothing, 
 etc., 108 W. State st. ; residence same No. ; 
 born in Germany, April 5, 1846 ; came to 
 Chicago in 1870; to Rockford in 1871; he 
 is a practical dyer and scourer, having 
 been engaged in the business in France, 
 Belgium and this country more than 18 
 years; first-class work done at lowest 
 prices ; perfect satisfaction guaranteed. 
 
 Welch D. mechanic ; r 1006 S. Church ; s s. 
 
 Welch Frank H. bolt shop; r 911 Rock; s s. 
 
 Welch Geo. E. lab; r911 Rock; s s. 
 
 Welch Jas. lab ; r 1007 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Welch Jas. lab; r 318 S. Wyman. 
 
 Welch John, lab ; r 1007 Elm ; w s. 
 
 Welch John, lab ; r 318 S. Wyman. 
 
 Welch Louis A. r 911 Rock; s s. 
 
 Welch Michael, lab ; r 318 S. Wyman. 
 
 Welch Patrick, lab; r 712 Wall ; s s. 
 
 Welch Patrick, lab ; r 318 S. Wyman. 
 
 Welch Thos. lab; r 1312 Rock; s s. 
 
 WEIiD WM. K. Justice of the Peace 
 and Insurance Agent, 306 State st. ; West 
 Side; residence 406 N. Rockford; East 
 Side; born in Le Roy, Genesee Co., N. Y., 
 Oct. 12, 1820; came to Geneva, Wis., in 
 1845; removed to Rockton, this Co., in 
 June, 1849; came to Rockford in June, 
 1872; he was Justice of the Peace in 
 Rockton Tp. 14 years ; eight years of the 
 time he was Associate County Justice; for 
 a number of years he was Clerk of Rock- 
 ton Tp. ; elected Justice and Police Magis- 
 trate here in the spring of 1877. 
 
 Welden A. W. r 1202 Montague ; s s. 
 
 Welden Edward, r 512 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 Welden F. N. cultivator mfr; r 512 N. 2d. 
 
 Weldon C. J. blacksmith ; r 301 Morgan ; s s 
 
 Weldon John, r 301 Morgan ; s s. 
 
 Weldon J. carriagemkr ; r 301 Morgan ; s s. 
 
 Weldon Thos. carp; r 301 Morgan; s s. 
 
 Wellington Horace, r 716 North; e s. 
 
 Wellington W.stonemason ; r 716 North ;es. 
 
 Wells Alfred P. city clerk, office Wallach's 
 block; r 524 N. Church; w s. 
 
 Wells Fred K. r 524 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 Wells F. M. bds 210 N. Fourth; e s. 
 
 Wells H.R.expressman ; r 209 N. Church ;w s. 
 
 Wells John F. painter ; bds City Hotel. 
 
 Welshe Geo. lab; r Harlem av; w s. 
 
 Welshe Jas. lab ; r Harlem av ; w s. 
 
 Welty John, r 1308 Charles; e s. 
 
 Wendland C. F. bds 224 S. Main; w s. 
 
 Wenstrom Gust, carp; r 1105 Third av; e s. 
 
 Wenstrom P. A. lab; r 1108 Fourth av; e s. 
 
 I 
 
ROCKFORD CITT. 
 
 633 
 
 WentworthC.W.lab ; r Cunningham,n South. 
 "Wentworth Geo. H. r Cunningham, n South. 
 Wert D. blacksmith; r 1308 S. Court; s s. 
 West E. S. bkpr; bds 134 S. Main; e s. 
 West H.H.with Rockf. ins co ; r 303]Sr.4th ; es. 
 West John, mechanic ; r 708 N. Main ; e s. 
 West L. J. r 134 S. Main ; e s. 
 
 IVEST JLUCIUS M. Manufacturer 
 
 of Enamel Leather Dressing, 131 N. Main 
 St.; residence 134 S. Main st. ; East Side; 
 born in Vernon, Oneida Co., N. Y.. June 
 19, 1830; he was for seven years, with 
 Charles Goodyear, engaged in the manu- 
 facture of rubber goods; in the fall of 
 1858 came to Rockford and for twelve 
 years carried on the business of dealer in 
 rubber goods and boots and shoes ; com- 
 menced the manufacture of leather var- 
 nish before he retired from the boot and 
 shoe and India rubber goods business; 
 for six years he has been engaged in the 
 manufacture of leather dressing,especially 
 used for carriage tops ; Mr. West married 
 Sarah Sturtevant, of Verona, Oneida Co., 
 N. Y. ; they have three sons, Hamilton H., 
 Elliott S. and L. Judson; Mr. W. and 
 family are members of tlie Baptist 
 Church, he being one of the Deacons of 
 the State Street Baptist Church ; for ten 
 years he was Treasurer of the Society. 
 
 Wettergreen John, r 910 Second av. 
 
 Weyburn L. A. bkpr ; r 607 N. Church. 
 
 Weyburn S. F. bkpr ; r 607 N. Church. 
 
 Wheat Chas H. painter; r 305 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 Wheat Fred, mail agent; bds 406 N. Win- 
 nebago ; ,w s. 
 
 Wheat James, carp ; r 407 N. West ; w s. 
 
 Wheat J. H. carp and joiner; 1013 E. State. 
 
 Wheeler A. J. bkpr ; r 403 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Wheeler A. J. RR. bridge night watchman; 
 r 407 S. First. 
 
 Wheeler C. W. trav agt ; r 303 Horsman. 
 
 Wheeler H. E. r 904 E. State. 
 
 Wheeler Solomon, r 108 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 
 Wheeler Victor M. tinsmith; r 707 W. State. 
 
 Whiflin F. J. dry goods, etc ; bds 901 S.Main. 
 
 Whipple B. F. carp; r 1003 S. West; s s. 
 
 Whipple C. M. salesman ; r 1003 S. West ; s s. 
 
 Whirgren John, bds 303 S. Second ; e s. 
 
 Whitaker D. sexton ; r 503 N. Second ; e s. 
 
 White A. S. pattern maker ; r 708 N. Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 White H.eugC.&N.W.RR;bds 306 S.Church. 
 
 White Jack, r 210 Horsman; w s. 
 
 White Richard, lab ; r 603 N. First ; e s. 
 
 White Wm. B. blacksmith ; r 906 E. State. 
 
 White W. M. bds ; 509 Oak ; e s. 
 
 Whiteside H. R. r 607 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Whiteside John W. r n end Winnebago ; w s. 
 
 Whiteside M. P. farmer ; r n endRockton av. 
 
 and N. Winnebago. 
 Whitmeyer A. B. agt C. & N. W. RR. co; 
 
 r at depot ; e s. 
 Whitmore C. W. emp George Bradley; r 
 
 605 N. First. 
 Whitmore J. H. carp ; r 409 N. First ; e s. 
 Whittall Wm. stonemason; r 808 Rural; e s. 
 Whittall Wm., jr. r 808 Rural ; e s. 
 Wiffin Herbert W. r 213 N. Church; w s. 
 Wiggins Charles E. r Prospect ; s s. 
 Wiggins Horace, r Prospect ; s s. 
 Wiggins Jacob, ins agt; r Prospect; s s. 
 Wiggins M. B. bds. 605 N. Second ; e s. 
 Wight J. M. atty ; r 303 S. First; e s. 
 Wigton J.B. blacksmith ; r 919 Horsman ; w s. 
 Wigren Charles J. r 713 First av; e s. 
 
 ^WIGREX REV. JOHN, Pastor of 
 the Swedish M. E. Church; res. 713 First 
 avenue. East Side ; born m Sweden, Octlst, 
 1836; came to Indiana in 1853; resided 
 there 11 years; preached in Iroquois Co., 
 Ills., 2 years; Mercer Co. 2 years; Andover, 
 Henry Co., 4 years; Moline, 3 years; then 
 went back to Mercer Co. and remained 3 
 years again ; then came to Rockford — has 
 been here 3 years ; for 4 years Mr. Wigren 
 preached under a local license; was or- 
 dained Deacon the 34th Sept., 1865; 
 ordained Elder Sept. 37th, 1868; married 
 Hannah Anderson, June 34, 1849; she died 
 June 16, 1856; they had three children; 
 two living, Charles J. and James T. ; 
 August P. died in Sweden, Feb. 19, 1874, 
 aged 24 years ; Mr. Wigren's present wife 
 was Marry C. Johnson ; married Nov. 16, 
 1856; they have six children living, Han- 
 nah v., Theodore E., Victor A., Elmer E., 
 Emily AV., and Eugene A.; lost one daugh- 
 ter, Aurora J., who died Nov. 13, 1875, 
 aged 19 months. 
 
 Wilber L. watchmaker ; r 906 S. Church ; s s. 
 
 Wilcox George W. r 903 Montague; s s. 
 
 WlliCOX WM. H. Dealer in Musical 
 Instruments and Sewing Machines, 233 
 E. State street; residence 708 First avenue; 
 born in Berlin, Hartford Co., Conn., July 
 37, 1835 ; came to Roscoe Township, this 
 Co., in 1837; lived in Iowa 3 years, in Wis. 
 3 years; married Alice Curtis, Dec. 13, 
 1856; she was born in Bucksport, Maine, 
 Sept. 19, 1837; they have two children 
 living, Clitibrd W. and Alvin C. ; they have 
 lost three children, Clifford L. died Aug. 
 19, 1H5S, aged live mouths; Carroll L. died 
 in infancy in 1870, and Frank M. died 
 June 37, 1873, aged 11 years: Mr. and Mrs. 
 Wilcox are members of the Third street M. 
 E. Church. 
 
 Wilder Nathaniel, r 526 N. Church ; w s. 
 
 WildtWm. watchmaker ; bds 107 N.First; e s. 
 
 Wilhelm C. M. salesman; r 611 E. State. 
 
534 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY! 
 
 lVII.Ki:Sf!S SYIiVESTER B. 
 
 President Rockford Bolt Works, Water 
 Power, near R. R. Bridge ; residence 412 
 N. Main street; born in Coventry, Chen- 
 ango Co., N. Y., Marcli 24, 1833; came to. 
 Rockford in Oct. 1870; married Jennie I. 
 Goodlander, May 16, 1861 ; she was born 
 in Milton, Northumberland Co., Pa. ; they 
 have two children, George L., born July 
 11, 1864, and Mary R., born Dec. 27, 1869 
 
 ^Vni^KIlfS WAIiTER S. Superin 
 tendent Painting Department of Emerson 
 Talcott & Co. ; residence 304 Kent street, 
 between Church and Main ; born in Coven 
 try, Chenango Co., JST. Y., Sept. 28, 1825 
 came to Rockford m 1871 ; married Eliza- 
 beth A. Arnold, Nov. 1855 ; she was born 
 in Volnez, Oswego Co., N. Y., in 1833; 
 they have one child living, Emma J., born 
 Nov. 7, 1859 ; they have fost one son. Earl 
 D., who died in Aug. 1874, aged 19 years; 
 Mr. and Mrs. Wilkins are members of the 
 South Rockford M. E. Church. 
 
 WII^LIAMSOIT FRA:!lfCIS D. & 
 
 KSOI^, Proprietors of the 99 Cent Store, 
 Jobbers and Retail Dealers in Jewelry, 
 Staple and Fancy Goods, etc., 107 West 
 State street ; Francis D. Williamson resides 
 at 205 North Church street ; he was born 
 in Cornwall, Addison Co., Vt., Jan. 1st, 
 1824 ; came to Lee Co. in 1852 ; he served 
 as Justice of the Peace in Bradford, Lee 
 Co., Ills., 14 years ; was Township Treas- 
 urer there 12 years, and served six years 
 continuously, besides serving two or three 
 other terms, as Supervisor of Bradford 
 Township; was Supervisor during the 
 war and took an active part in raising 
 and enlisting men for the different quotas 
 of that town. 
 
 Williamson H. H. 99 cent store ; r 205 N. 
 
 Church. 
 Williamson F. W. elk ; r 205 N. Church ; w s. 
 Williams C. W. mechanic ; r 406 S. Main ; e s. 
 Williams B. C. meat market, 506 E. Stale. 
 Williams C. L. r 431 N. Main ; w s. 
 Williams D. H. billiard room, below 301 W. 
 
 State; r 111 N. Winnebago. 
 Williams Wm. Emory, lab ; r S. Water ; e s. 
 Williams H. W. bkpr; r 309 S. Court. 
 Williams Irving, elk; r 105 Summit; e s. 
 Williams J. carp; bds 112 S. Second; e s. 
 Williams James, barber shop, cor W. State 
 
 and S. Main ; r 702 George ; w s. 
 Williams John L. law student; bds 907 N. 
 
 Court; w s. 
 Willis Rev. E. D. r Whitman, cor N. Church. 
 Willis E. D. r cor Whitman and N. Chiu-ch ; 
 
 w s. 
 Willis Wm. emp A. Vanlnwagen; rover 329 
 
 W. State. 
 Will Andrew, r 704 Fourth av ; e s. 
 Will Chas. 1017 Mulberry ; w s. 
 
 Will E. elk Wm. McKinley ; r 1017 Mulberry. 
 Will W. H. r 808 Peach ; w s. 
 
 WII.I.OUGHBY FRAXCIS E. 
 
 Farmer (Sec. 12) and Manager of the Win- 
 nebago Co. Patrons' Co-operative Associa- 
 tion Store, 504 W. State st. ; born in Oxford, 
 Chenango Co., N. Y., April 30, 1831 ; came 
 to this Co. in Feb., 1866 ; married Jenett 
 E. Root, Feb. 6. 1857 ; she was born in Ox- 
 ford, N. Y. ; they have five children : Au- 
 gusta E., Edgar C, Arthur B., John H. 
 and Francis ; they have lost two daughters ; 
 Mr. and Mrs. Willoughby are members of 
 the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
 
 Wills Charles, r 1103 Third av; e s. 
 Wilsey Hoffman, lab; r 1302 S. Main; s s. 
 Wilsey James H. lab ; r 1302 S. Main. 
 Willsey P. C. stone cutter ; r 608 Rockton av. 
 Willsey Wellington, r 608 Rockton av. 
 Willson Wm. G. r 501 N. Second ; e s. 
 Willmarth Irod C. agt; r 809 Third av; e s. 
 Wilmarth Willie, lab; r 113 S. Main; e s. 
 Wilmarth Wm. employe Holland House. 
 
 WIIiMOT HE5fRY I.. Foreman of 
 Planing Mill, Sash, Door and Blind Fac- 
 tory of J. F. Lander Estate; residence 
 1109 S. Main st. ; born in Stamford, Fair- 
 field Co., Conn., Jan. 28, 1833; came to 
 Rockford in the spring of 1864; served 
 apprenticeship as Carpenter; has been 
 engaged in present occvipation 23 years ; 
 married Almira M. Dewey, Dec. 15,' 1857; 
 she was born in N. Y. State, Jan. 11, 
 1836; they have one daughter, Ida M., 
 born July 13, 1859; Mr. Wilmot served 
 1 year in Co. B, 28th Conn. V. I.; was 
 Second Lieutenant; was at Siege of Port 
 Hudson, etc. 
 
 Wilmot T. W. painter; r 1206 S. Main; s s. 
 
 Wilson C. T. emp Geo. Bradley; r 603 S. 3d. 
 
 Wilson C. W. r 808 George ; w s. 
 
 Wilson E. T. cigars, etc.; r 807 S. West; s s. 
 
 Wilson E. H. cigars, etc. ; r 807 S. West ; s s. 
 
 Wilson Fillmore, printer ; r 809 Pecatonica. 
 
 WII.!S05f OEORGE, Stone Cutter, 
 Stone Mason, and Contractor and Builder; 
 estimates given and contracts taken for all 
 kinds of buildings ; he is one of the prin- 
 cipal contractors in Rockford; all kinds of 
 stone can be obtained at his yard. 404 
 Cedar st. ; r Cedar, bet S. Court and Church 
 sts. West Side ; Mr. W. was born in Scot- 
 land, March 28, 1849 ; came to N. Y. City 
 in 1870; came to Chicago in 1872, and to 
 Rockford June 10, 1873; married Anna C. 
 Milne, July 12, 1874; she was born in 
 Scotland ; they have one daughter living ; 
 have lost one daughter ; Mr. W. resides on 
 west side of Cedar st., second house east of 
 Court St. 
 
 Wilson Geo. carp ; r 909 N. Court ; w s. 
 
 Wilson H. D. ice dealer; r 306 Chestnut. 
 
ROCKFORD CITt. 
 
 635 
 
 Wilson Geo. F. elk Holland House ; r same. 
 Wilson Henry C. r 807 S. West; s s. 
 Wilson J. C. meat mkt ; bds 906 S. West ; s s. 
 Wilson T.printer Gazette ;\)^^ 302 S.Main ; w s. 
 Winchester Wm. cooper; r804Corbin; s s. 
 Wingate Stephen, r 808 Seminary ; e s. 
 Wingate W. S. elk ; r 808 Seminary. 
 Winn C.A.painter; r 1212 S.Winnebago ; s s. 
 Winn C.J. painter; r 1212 S.Winnebago ; s s. 
 Winn D. C. painter; r 1006 S. Court; s s. 
 Winn J.S.painter; r 1101 S. Winnebago; s s. 
 Winnie C. H. barber; r 821 S. Main; s s. 
 Winnie J.Lansing, barber ; r 1007 S.Main ; s s. 
 Winslow D. H. mason ; r 805 Ferguson ; s s. 
 Winslow George F. r 805 Ferguson ; s s. 
 Wise C. R. bkpr; r Mulberry bet West and 
 
 Winnebago. 
 Wise E. C. carp; r 610 Mulberry. 
 Wise Harry, 412 N. Main ; w s. 
 Wise Harry L. r C. H. Wise, Mulberry. 
 Wisson J. carp ; r Morgan cor Corbin ; s s. 
 Wiswell Z. C. r 109 N. Fifth ; e s. 
 
 ^WITHROW S. C. Dealer in Dry 
 Goods and Carpets 114 and 116 S. Main 
 St. ; residence on S. Main st., cor Kent ; 
 South Side; born in Summerfotd, Ohio, 
 Aug. 26, 1837 ; came to Rockford in 1861 ; 
 he has been engaged in present business 
 since he first came here. 
 
 WITWER BENJAMIN H. Of 
 
 the firm ot Hou2:h & Witwer, Grocers, 
 326 E. State st. ; residence 502 N. First st. ; 
 was born in Alden, Erie Co., N. Y., June 
 35, 1842 ; came to Cherry Valley, in this 
 Co., in April, 1858 ; came to Rockford, and 
 engaged in the Grocery business with Mr. 
 Hough, in Feb., 1864; married Mary 
 Addie Hurd, Sept. 25, 1866 ; she was born 
 in Marshall, Mich., May 2, 1843; they 
 have two children, Mary H., born March 
 19, 1868, and Jessie June, June 8, 1875 ; 
 Mr. Witwer is a member of the Disciple 
 Church ; his father, John Witwer, resides 
 with him ; he was born in Lancaster Co., 
 Pa., May 3, 1801 ; he was engaged in the 
 milling business until he came to Cherry 
 Valley, in 1858; he then engaged in farm- 
 ing, which he continued until he came to 
 Rockford, in 1866; his wife was Maria 
 Weaver; they were married Feb. 12, 1824; 
 she was born in same place in Pa. as her 
 husband, and died here, Aug. 14, 1872; 
 there are eight children living ; Mr. John 
 Witwer is also a member of the Disciple 
 Church. 
 
 Witwer Geo. W. salesman ; r 501 N. 2d ; e s. 
 
 Witwer W. D. r 509 Oak ; e s. 
 
 Woiceshky F. J. elk ; r 310 E. State. 
 
 Wolford E. mason; r 214 S. Church. 
 
 Wood Freeman, farmer; r 805 S. Court; s s. 
 
 Wood James S. r 601 Pecatoniea, 
 
 Wood Jos. cabinetmaker; r over 413 E. State. 
 
 Wood Philip R. carp ; r Winnebago, above 
 Whitman. 
 
 Wood W. B. machinist ; r 1307 Second av. 
 
 Woodard H. W. painter ; r 105 N. 2d ; e s. 
 
 Woodbury Rev. F. P. pastor Second Congre- 
 gational Church ; r 404 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Woods Jas. lab; r 510 N. First; e s. 
 
 Woods Thos. lab ; r 510 N. First ; e s. 
 
 Woodman Robt. r 906 Rockton av. 
 
 Woodruff A.candymLr ; i 4 '9 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 Woodruff Chas. H. r stone block. Cherry. 
 
 Woodruff C. W. lab; r 1203 S. Winnebago. 
 
 Woodruff E. L. r 207 N. Court; w s. 
 
 Woodruff E. Wm. r stone block ; Cherry. 
 
 ItVOODRUFF C^ILBERT, resi- 
 dence 502 S. Third; East Side; President 
 Rockford National Bank, also President 
 of the Forest City Insurance Co. and of 
 Forest City Furniture Co. ; he is a mem- 
 ber of the Seminary Board of Trustees ; 
 was Mayor of the city in 1873 and 1874 ; 
 he was born in Watertown, N. Y., Nov. 
 20, 1817 ; came to Rockford in 1858. 
 
 Woodruff G. L. assistant book keeper Sec- 
 ond National Bank ; r 207 N. Court. 
 
 Woodruff Russell D. painter; r 505 E. State. 
 
 Woodruff John H. r stone block, Cheriy. 
 
 Woodruff V. D. r 502 S. Third. 
 
 Woodruff W. F. messenger Rockford Na- 
 tional Bank ; r 502 S. Third ; e s. 
 
 Woodruff W. hardware; r 509 Peach. 
 
 ^VOODIIVARD AlflOS W. Manu 
 facturer of Iron Pumps, Water Wheel 
 Governors, and General Machine Work; 
 on water power, first building east of the 
 woolen mill; residence 601 Peach St.; 
 born in Winthrop, Me., July 16, 1829 ; he 
 has been engaged working as machinist 
 27 years ; came to Rockford in Oct., 1856 ; 
 married Mary L. Sealy, of England ; they 
 have two so'ns and two daughters; Mr. 
 and Mrs. Woodward are members of the 
 First Baptist Church. 
 
 Woodward Eugene, r 304 Chestnut ; w s. 
 Woodward — , painter ; r 105 N. Second ; e s. 
 Woolery John, lab ; r n end Pecatoniea. 
 Wolfel J. emp Miller & Hamlyn; r 1011 W. 
 
 State. 
 Wolff J. fur goods mfg., hats and caps, 309 
 
 W. State ;r 612 Court; e s. 
 Wolf Wm. r Lincoln av. 
 Woolsey Clare, r 507 S. Second ; e s. 
 Woolsey C. M. miller; r404 S. First; es. 
 Woolsey A. J. harnessmkr; r 1102 Charles. 
 Woolsey Chas. miller ; r S. First. 
 Woolsey C. H. cashier Galena division C. «fc 
 
 N. W. R.R. ; r 507 S. Second ; e s. 
 Wooster Wm. fireman, nr limits. 
 
536 
 
 "WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTORT: 
 
 IVORKS CHAItL.ES, Justice of 
 the Peace, Conveyancer and Collecting 
 Agent; office E. Stdtest. ; residence 501 
 Seminary st. ; East Side ; born in West- 
 moreland, N. H., Nov. 24, 1803 ; lived in 
 Dutchess Co., N. Y., from 1827 to 1830; 
 from 1830 to 1834. in Oswego Co. ; came to 
 Ottawa, 111., in 1834; lived there until 
 Feb., 1836, when he came to Rockford, 
 where he has resided since that time; he 
 was one of the first voters at the first elec- 
 tion in Winnebago Co.; was first Super- 
 visor of Guilford Tp.; elected in 1850; 
 Assessor of same Tp. one year, also Collec- 
 tor one year; in 18fi3 he was elected 
 County Treasurer; held that office four 
 years; in 1868 elected Justice of the 
 Peace; has held that office continuously 
 since first election ; first wife was Mary L. 
 Kellogg, of Mexico., N. Y. ; married in 
 1832; she died in 1843; they had one son, 
 Wm. W., who enlisted in the First Board 
 of Trade Regt., Chicago, in 1862, and was 
 killed at Vicksburg. May 19, 1863 ; second 
 wife was Jeannette S. Duncan ; married in 
 1846; she died in 1862; three children liv- 
 ing by this marriage, Chas. A., Mary H. 
 and Laura J. ; present wife was Mrs. Ann 
 D. Wheeler ; married in 1865. 
 
 Wormwood Chas. r 508 S. Main ; w s. 
 
 Wormwood Wm. O. r 419 N. Main; w s. 
 
 Worsley G. H. tinner; r 1001 S. Winne- 
 bago ; s s. 
 
 Worsley Geo. R. machinist, 735 N. First; e s. 
 
 Worsley Jas. moulder ; r 402 Hill ; e s. 
 
 Worsley J.F.mechanic; r 1001 S.Winnebago. 
 
 Worsley Jos. carp ; bds White's Hotel. 
 
 Worster Isaac H. r Market, cor E. State. 
 
 Worthingtou Frank E. r 209 N. First; e s. 
 
 Wortliington Chas. R. r 209 N. First; e s. 
 
 Worthington F.H.druggist; r 209 N. 1st; es. 
 
 WORTHIXGTOX ^VW. Druggist, 
 407 E. State st. ; residence 209 JST. First st. ; 
 born in Enfield, Conn., July 5, 1813; came 
 to Rockford in the spring of 1838; fol- 
 lowed farming pursuits, clerked in Post- 
 office, blacksmithing, etc., until 1843, 
 when he opened the first drug store in 
 Rockford; first wife was Maria Baker; 
 married at Little Fort (now Waukegan), 
 Oct. 27, 1844; she died Oct. 2, 1846; they 
 liad one child, Albert, who died in Sept., 
 1846, aged 13 months ; present wife was 
 Eliza Kellogg; married in Rockford; she 
 was born in Geauga Co., Ohio, June 14, 
 1823; they have four children living, AVm. 
 H., born Nov. 4, 1854; Frank H., Aug. 
 23, 1856; Chas. V., Sept. 17, 1858; and 
 Julia, in 1S52; lost two children, Ella, 
 born July 20, 1848, died May 2, 1852; Ida , 
 born Feb. 26, 1865, died Dec. 10, 1865; Mr. 
 and Mrs. W. are members of the M. E. 
 Church. 
 
 Worthington W.H.druggist; r 209 N.lst; e s. 
 
 Wortman Samuel, r 504 S. Sixth ; e s. 
 
 ^VRIGHT AL.BERT liV. Butcher; 
 
 403 W. State st. ; residence 207 S. West st. ; 
 born in Nassau, N. Y., Oct. 6, 1828 ; came 
 to Rockford in 1858 ; has been engaged in 
 butchering business most of the time 
 since he came here ; first wife was Carrie 
 L. Welch ; she died in May, 1870 ; present 
 wife was Annie Weary ; she was born in 
 Rockford ; Mr. and Mrs. Wright are mem- 
 bers of the Second Congregational Church. 
 
 Wright C. B. at Rockford Register; r 908 
 First av ; e s. 
 
 Wright M.O. painter; bds Forest City House. 
 
 Wright John H. r 813 Pecatonica. 
 
 1¥RIGHT JfElVTON ». Senior 
 Editor of the Rockford Daily and Weekly 
 Register; was born Oct., 1842, in Adams, 
 Jefferson Co., N. Y. ; removed with parents 
 to McHenry Co., Ill, in 1846; in 1854 went 
 to Salem, Kenosha Co., Wis.; his early- 
 years were spent on alarm, getting a good, 
 thorough English education from schools 
 and academies in the vicinity; in 1860 
 learned the printer's trade at Kenosha, 
 Wis. ; enlisted in 1862, in Co. C, 33d Regt., 
 of Wis. V. I. ; was discharged on surgeon's 
 examination ; afterwards enlisted in 39th 
 Wis. V. I., 100 day men, and served dur- 
 ing enlistment; in 1867 bought Delavan 
 Republican, and published it tor 7 years; 
 came to Rockford in spring of 1875, and 
 purchased the Rockford /Register, and is at 
 present at the head of the paper ; married 
 Miss Mary A. Winegar, of Kenosha, Oct. 
 1, 1863, who died in Aug., 1868 ; had two 
 sons, Elton S. and Charlie E. ; married for 
 his second wife, Oct. 1, 1870, Miss H. M. 
 Munsel, of Delavan, Wis. ; one daughter. 
 Bertha M. 
 
 Wright Pat. lab; r 114 S. Water; e s. 
 
 Wunder Geo. r 1312 Charles. 
 
 Wylander August, bds 901 Fourth av ; e s. 
 
 Wyman C. W. machinist; r Lincoln av; s s. 
 
 WYMAN EPHRAIM, Retired; res- 
 idence Lincoln av., near Main st. ; South 
 Side; born in Lancaster, Mass., Jan. 26, 
 1809 ; when 15 years of age he moved to 
 Keene, N. H., where he followed the busi- 
 ness of a baker there, until he removed to 
 Rockford, Sept. 20, 1835 ; was engaged in 
 the baker}'^ business here until 1850, when 
 he went to California and remained there 
 until 1853, when he went to Lancaster, 
 Mass., and married Caroline Pierce, June 
 15, 1853; she was born in Waltham, Mass., 
 Dec. 29, 1819; they had one child, Fred- 
 erick Thayer, who was born Sept. 9, 1861, 
 and died Aug. 4, 1865; Mr. Wyman was 
 County Treasurer and Assessor in 1844 
 and 1845; he was Street Commissioner 
 nine years, from 1G62 to 1871. 
 
 Wyman Ephraim, jr., r Lincoln av. 
 
 Wynkoop H. L. hackdriver ; r 407 E. State. 
 
 YALDEN JOHN, r cor Jackson and 
 Summit. 
 
lioo:^OED ciTir. 
 
 53? 
 
 Yalden Win. lab; r 1407 Charles. 
 
 Yates Alexauder,sash and blindmaker ; r 609 
 Rockton av. 
 
 Yates A. P. hardware ; r 515 E. State. 
 
 Yates Jno. hardware ; r 515 E. State. 
 
 Yates A. W. tinsmith John Yates & Son • r 
 515 E. State. 
 
 Yard Sidney, r 201 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Yard W. K. carp ; r 201 N. Main ; w s. 
 
 Young Edwin F. emp Geo. Bradley; bds 304 
 Chestnut; w s. 
 
 ZEIGLER JACOB, cigar maker; bds N. 
 Main. 
 ZerlautA.soda water mfg; r 1310 Charles ;es. 
 Zimraermann xiugust, saloon, 824 S. Main. 
 Zimmerman J. P. trav agt; r 602 S. 4th; e s. 
 Zoller C. mechanic; r 507 Kishwaukee; e a. 
 Zuck F. J. barber ui. ler 113 W. State; r 905 
 Horsman. 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS FOR TOWNSHIP DIRECTORY. 
 
 Co company or county 
 
 farm farmer 
 
 I. V. I Illinois Volunteer Infantry 
 
 I. V. C Illinois Volunteer Cavali-y 
 
 I. V. A Illinois Volunteer Artillery 
 
 mkr maker 
 
 P- O Post Office 
 
 P''°P-„- proprietor 
 
 b or Sec section 
 
 ^'^ - street 
 
 ^";'P'' superintendent 
 
 "'^^'^ treasurer 
 
 ROCKFORD TOWNSHIR 
 
 A BBOTT T. J. farmer; Sec. 9. 
 
 Anderson John, Sec. 35. 
 Ashfbrd Alfred, farmer ; Sec. 17. 
 Austin Wm. farmer; Sec. 16. 
 
 B 
 
 ARNS HENRY, farmer; Sec. 8. 
 
 BARBER XOI.TO]^, Farmer; Sec. 
 9; owns 100 acres land, valued at $7,500; 
 born in Madison Co., N. Y., April 29, 1826 ; 
 came West in 1855 ; on this farm 14 years ; 
 married Emily Marshall, March 15, 1849 ; 
 she was born in Madison Co., N. Y. ; have 
 three children, Myron E., born April 2, 
 1850; Louisa M., June 14,1853; Ada I., 
 July 21, 1858; held office of Commissioner 
 of Highways 4 years ; Republican ; Meth- 
 odist. 
 
 Bartholomew Chas. renter ; Sec. 85. 
 
 Bartholomew H. J. Sec. 35. 
 
 Bensley John, farmer ; Sec. 35. 
 
 Birmingham Simon, rents farm ; Sec. 17. 
 
 BL.ACKL.AW JAMES, Farmer; 
 Sec. 6; owns 160- acres land, valued at 
 $8,000; Republican; never accepted any 
 town office; born in Scotland, 1833; came 
 to America and direct to this Co., in 1850; 
 married Jessie Simpson, April, 1859 ; she 
 died in 1866, leavmg three children, 
 Henry, Albert and Lewis; his present 
 wife was Ellen Welsh, born in Ireland, in 
 1852, by whom he has also three children, 
 Nelly, Hattie and James. 
 
 Braden John, farmer ; Sec. 10. 
 
 Bull Israel, renter. 
 
 Burdick Wm. rents farm ; Sec. 6. 
 
 BUSH ^WILIilAM J. Manager "Cen- 
 trevillc" Cheese Factory ; Sec. 8; born in 
 Taylor, N. Y., May 19, 1832; moved to 
 Wisconsin in 1844, and to this Co. in 
 1875 ; married Julia Lyman ; she was born 
 in Prussia, Oct. 2, 1834; has six children, 
 James W., born Dec. 10, 1856 ; Mary, Jan. 
 12, 1860; Julia, Aug. 10, 1862; Florence, 
 March 13, 1864; Arthur, Feb. 2, 1866; 
 Alice, June 8, 1873; Republican. 
 
 /^ARNEY DANIEL, Sec. 14. 
 
 Cassidy Thomas, farmer ; Sec. 24. 
 
 CHA3IPI.IX ALFREO, Farmer; 
 Sec. 5; owns 205 acres land, valued at 
 $10,000; born in Sullivan, N. Y., June 19, 
 1806; came to this Co. in 1845; married 
 three times — first wife, Sophroua Gleason, 
 in 1833; she was born in Vermont, and 
 died in 1835; her two children died; sec- 
 ond wife was Pauline Adams, born in 
 N. Y.; married in 1836; died in 1848; she 
 had tive children, two are living, Charles, 
 born in 1841, and Kate, in 1845; third 
 wife was Elvira Drake, born in N. Y., 
 July 21, 1823; she has si.v children living, 
 H. Sophia, born Jan. 24, 1851; Susan, 
 April 3, 1854; Adda, Oct. 1, 1857; Sarah, 
 June 26, 1861; Lizzie, April 20, 1863; 
 Clara, June 24, 1866; lost two sons in 
 army, and one wounded; holds office of 
 School Trustee. 
 
 Chapman Henry, gardener; Sec. 35. 
 
538 
 
 WiNNEBAao COtJNTf DIKEOTOEY: 
 
 Chappell John C. farmer ; Sec. 10. 
 
 CHURCH SAMUEL. I. Farmer; 
 Sec. IG; owns 160 acres land, valued at 
 $16,000; born in N. Y., June 11, 1815; 
 came to this Co. in June, 1848, with his 
 family; held office of County Sheriff one 
 term; Republican; Congregational ist. 
 
 CHURCHILIi P. P. Farmer; Sec. 
 25; owns 165 acres land, valued at $16,- 
 500; born in Vermont, 1804; lived in 
 N. Y. 4 years ; came to this Co. in 1835, 
 where he pre-empted the land he now 
 occupies ; was offered $3,000 for his claim 
 before making much improvements; mar- 
 ried Amanda Wright, 1831 ; she was born 
 in Vermont, in 1804; they have three 
 daughters, Mary R. (now Mrs. Chapman), 
 Minerva K., Amanda A. (now Mrs. Kettle- 
 well) ; Mr. Churchill is a member of the 
 "Early Settlers' Society," and a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Cigrand Jacob, Sec. 6. 
 
 Clark Miles J. fruit farm ; Sec. 20. 
 
 Collins A. renter; Sec. 34. 
 
 Collins Ferdinand, rents farm ; Sec. 34. 
 
 Conant N. gardener ; Sec. 9. 
 
 Comings Sherman, farmer ; Sees. 3 & 4. 
 
 Converse Frank, farm laborer. 
 
 COOK IISAAC, Farmer; rents farm; 
 Sec. 9; Republican; School Director; 
 served in 14th I. V. C. nearly 3 years; 
 was in 22 hard-fought battles; born in 
 Boone Co., 111., Jan. 18, 1841 ; maiden 
 name of tirst wife was Nancy E. Baker, 
 who died in 1864, leaving two daughters, 
 Sarah I. (now Mrs. Henry Wilt), and 
 Mary Jane, who died Sept. 6, 1867; his 
 present wife was Mrs. Lucy A. Wilcox; 
 they were married Jan. 13, 1866; have 
 lost two children and have one living, 
 Elizabeth Irene, born Feb. 14, 1871. 
 
 Copewell N. W. farmer ; Sec. 14. 
 
 COREY AL.OXZO, Farmer; Sec. 34; 
 born near Skaneateles, Onondago Co., 
 N. Y., July 3, 1811; moved to Madison, 
 Ohio, in 1821 ; in Nov., 1824, he moved to 
 Clark Co., 111.; in 1829, went to Edgar 
 Co., 111., but returned to Clark Co. in 
 1832, and remained there until his re- 
 moval to Rockford, May 17, 1836 ; from 
 1832 to 1836, he was engaged in the mill- 
 ing business witli his brother, in Clark 
 Co.; the balance of his life has been 
 spent in farming pursuits; married Sarah 
 Ann Keller, Dec. 1, 1841 ; she was born in 
 St. Albans, Vt., Oct. 2, 1820; they have 
 five children living, James Dwight, Luther 
 S., Franklin Alonzo, Sarah E. (now Mrs. 
 Walter D. Pease), and Clara; they have 
 lost two children, Franklin, who died at 
 the age of 2 years and 4 months, and Har- 
 riet E., aged 4 years and 4 months at time 
 of death; Deacon Corey became a mem- 
 ber of the First Baptist Church in 1843, 
 being baptized the first Sabbath in Dec. of 
 
 that year ; in 1855, he was Assistant Super- 
 visor of Rockford Tp. 
 
 Corey Lonson, farmer. 
 
 Corey Wm. R. farmer ; Sec. 15. 
 
 Crampton Nelson, rents farm ; Sec. 9. 
 
 Crandall Chas. F. farmer ; Sec. 20. 
 
 CRAGG BIRKETT, Farmer; Sec. 
 7 ; owns 100 acres land, valued at $9,000 ; 
 born in England, Aug., 1811; came to 
 America in 1833 ; lived ten years in New 
 York State ; came to this Co. in 1843 ; mar- 
 ried Ruth S. Wilson, in April, 1854; she 
 was born in N. Y., 1814; lost one child; 
 has been School Director one term ; Con- 
 gregationalist ; Republican. 
 
 CUWKIlfGHAM B. F. Farmer; Sec. 
 34; born in Petersboro, N. H., Feb. 26, 
 1820; married Clarissa J. Mandeville, 
 March 14,1844 ; she was born near Auburn, 
 N. Y. April 1, 1822; they have one child, 
 Jennie E., horn May 26, 1852 ; Mr. C. came 
 to this Co. in 1839 ; tor a number of years 
 was ^engaged in farming in Pecatonica; 
 balance of the time has lived in Rockford 
 Tp. and city; was County Commissioner 
 in 1867 and 1868. 
 
 CUTI.ER ASA E. Farmer; Sees. 3 & 
 4 ; born in AVest Brookfield, Mass., June 23, 
 1824; lived in Chicago from spring of 
 1855 until 1871, when he came to this Co. 
 owns 250 acres land, valued at $18,000 
 held office of School Director three years 
 married Miss Lucy Smith, Dec, 1862; she 
 was born in Princeton, 111.; have four 
 children, Fred Selby, Jesse Doolittle, Alex 
 Ellis and Dwight Porter. 
 
 D 
 
 AMON SIMEON, farmer; Sec. 7. 
 
 Davey John, farmer ; Sec. 3. 
 Day Mark, farmer; Sec. 30. 
 Day Oscar, Sec. 21. 
 Day Thaddeus, Sec. 20. 
 Day Wm. C. farmer ; Sec. 14. 
 Dickerman Jewell, Sec. 35. 
 
 DORR ED^VARD, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser ; Sec. 9 ; owns 236 acres land, 
 valued at $18,000; also owner of the cele- 
 brated trotting stallion "Tornado," for 
 which he has refused the handsome sum 
 of $20,000; he has several of "Tornado's " 
 colts; one of them, "Tornad Ned," (five 
 years old) is valued at $1,500; Mr. D. 
 came to this Co. in 1862; first wife was 
 Angeline Willis; married in 1855; she 
 died in 1867, leaving five children ; Selh 
 P., Wm. H.,Marcia, Jessie and Frederick; 
 married second wife, Henrietta Hickok, in 
 1872 ; she was born in Penn., in 1853 ; one 
 child Nathalie, born March 20, 1875 ; Mr. 
 Dorr is a sound Republican. 
 
 E 
 
 DDY OTIS, farmer; Sec. 11. 
 
EOCKFORD TOWNSIIir 
 
 EDDY ELI K. Farmer: Sec. 36; 
 owus IGO acres land, valued at $14,000; 
 born in Rhode Island, in 1808; lived in 
 ]Sr. Y. from 1833 until lie came to this Co., 
 in 1851; married Sally Northrup, in 1834; 
 she was born Oct. 15, 1815; three children, 
 Elliott, Geo. E. and William; Mr. Eddy is 
 a Republican and Methodist; the first 
 white man who died in Winnebago Co. 
 was buried on his farm ; his son William 
 married Matilda Carmichael, in 18G7; she 
 was born in this Co., in 1844; they have 
 three children, Ernest, Fred and Lulu. 
 
 Ellis Chas. renter; Sec. 5. 
 
 Ellis Richard, farmer; Sec. 4. 
 
 Enright Mike, farmer; Sec. 80. 
 
 F 
 
 ALCON CHAS. farmer; Sec. 18. 
 
 Falconer Robt. farmer ; Sec. 5. 
 
 Farmer C. M. Sec. 2. 
 
 Farrington C. W. farmer; Sec. 28. 
 
 Ferguson Isaiah, farmer; Sec. 15. 
 
 Foot Horace, farmer ; Sec. 13. 
 
 Foot O. R. farmer ; Sec. 9. 
 
 Freeburg Chas. farmer ; Sec. 30. 
 
 Frisbee W. L. farmer ; Sec. 32. 
 
 FUIiEER MRS. I^UCY, Farming; 
 Sec. 19; Widow of John Fuller, who died 
 in Oct., 1853 ; came from Genesee Co., N. 
 Y., in 1839 ; she has seven children, Lem- 
 uel, Levi B., Charles, Nancy (now Mrs. 
 Ingals), John, Eliza Hartwell, Ellen L.; 
 has 520 acres land, 200 under cultivation. 
 
 /GARDNER C. farmer; Sec. 6. 
 
 Gardener Jas. farmer ; Sec. 30. 
 
 (mACkE a. E. Inventor, Man.ufacturer, 
 and Dealer in Novelties ; born in Wauke- 
 gan. 111., Aug. 15, 1845; came to this Co. 
 in 1866. 
 
 Geer Collin, rents farm; Sec. 33. 
 
 Gilmore Henry, rents farm ; Sec. 25. 
 
 Glenney Alex, rents farm ; Sec. 17. 
 
 Glenney Thos. farmer ; Sec. 3. 
 
 Gregory Wm. farmer; Sec. 6. 
 
 Gunter Wm. farmer ; Sec. 9. 
 
 H 
 
 ALSTED J. H. farmer; Sec. 11. 
 
 HAEl. FRIEKD C. Farmer; Sec. 
 19; owns 808 acres land,valued at $40,000; 
 is a Tilden Republican, and a Free 
 Mason; born in Wallingsford, Conn., July 
 23, 1831 ; came to this Co. in Sept., 1857 ; 
 married Loly B. Matthews, July 27, 1852; 
 she was born in Conn., April 1, 1835; four 
 children : F. Leroy, born March 23, 1853 ; 
 Chas. R., Aug. 3, 1855 ; Ella J., March 26, 
 1858; Mila A., Jan. 20, 1861. 
 
 Hamilton Geo. farmer; Sec. 19. 
 
 Harmon Francis, farmer; Sec. 7. 
 
 Herrick E. A. farmer; Sec. 36. 
 Herrick Geo. farmer; Sec. 36. 
 Herrick L. E. farmer ; Sec. 8. 
 
 HICH.EY MRS. MARIA, Farm- 
 ing; Sec. 9; owns 103 acres land, valued 
 at $8,000; is a Methodist; widow of Geo. 
 R. iligley; came to this Co. in 1853; Mr. 
 H. enlisted, and died in hospital at Yicks- 
 burg, in 1864, aged 38 years; they were 
 married Dec. 10, 1845 ; five children : Orvis 
 O., Orson T., Arthur W., Thurston M. and 
 Theresa (deceased) ; Mrs. Higley is daugh- 
 ter of Sidney Lowell, deceased, one of 
 Winnebago's early settlers ; her mother is 
 still living. 
 
 HIZER CHAS. W. Farmer; Sec. 21; 
 born in Oneida Co., N. Y'., Oct. 31, 1828; 
 came to this town in 1871, after having 
 lived ten years in AVinnebago Tp. ; mar- 
 ried Mary E. Starkweather, Sept., 1866; 
 she was born in Jefferson Co., N. Y^., 
 March, 1843; have three children living; 
 Willard, born Nov. 14, 1867; Celia, Oct. 
 30,1873; Eucedia H., Jan. 1,1877; owns 
 valuable farm of 112 acres, bordering on 
 Rock river. 
 
 Hollister Roswell, farmer; Sec. 1. 
 
 Holmes E. M. farmer; Sec. 24. 
 
 Holmes F. E. farmer; Sec. 24. 
 
 HOLMES GEO. H. Farmer and 
 Proprietor of Hillgrove Nursery; Sec. 24; 
 owns 140 acres land, valued at $16,000; 
 born in this Co., Feb. 23, 1844; served three 
 months in 07th I. V. I., then re-enlisted in 
 navy, and served one year on Western riv- 
 ers ; HoUis H. Holmes, his father, was born 
 in N. Y., about 1800 ; came to this Co. in 
 1839, with his family; maiden name of 
 wife was Sarah Moore; married in 1837: 
 had three children ; Geo. H., born Feb. 28, 
 1844; Edward M.,Sept. 14, 1847; FrankE., 
 May 19, 1855 ; Mr. Holmes died Aug. 13, 
 1859, highly respected by all; he held 
 office of County Treasuer from 1846 to 
 1849. Grenville O. Holmes was born in 
 South Salem, N. Y., 1803; of New Eng- 
 land ancestors ; came to this county in 1840. 
 
 I 
 
 NGALS H. farmer ; Sec. 4, 
 
 Ingraham Geo. H. farmer; Sec. 
 Jacoby L. C. attorney ; Sec. 18. 
 Jewell Edwin W. f\armer. 
 Jewell Ripley, farmer. 
 Jewell Thos. J. farmer; Sec. 10. 
 Johns Richard, farmer ; Sec. 2. 
 Johns Wm. farmer ; Sec. 2. 
 Johnson H. I. farmer ; Sec. 8. 
 Johnson Jno. farmer; Sec. 30. 
 Johnson Jos. farmer ; Sec. 30. 
 Johnson M. M. farmer; Sec. 1. 
 
 K 
 
 ANADY JAMES, farmer; Sec. 17. 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY 
 
 Keeue Ralph, farm laborer. 
 Keyes Archibald, farmer; Sec. 18. 
 
 KILBUR:^ MRS. ADALIXE, 
 
 Farming; Sec. 4; owns 145 acres land, 
 valued at $10,000; widow of Milton Kil- 
 burn, who died Feb. 16, 1863, aged 52; he 
 was the first Judge of Probate in this 
 county; was appointed by the Governor; 
 was afterwards elected Justice of the 
 Peace and served two years ; was Quarter- 
 master in Missouri a while during the war 
 of the rebellion; they were married in 
 1835, and have six cliildren: George Mil- 
 ton, James Hervey, Adda E., Clara A., 
 Samuel A. and Charles P. 
 
 Kilburn J. H. farmer ; Sec. 4. 
 
 Kline J. rents farm ; Sec. 30. 
 
 Knolan Chas. farmer ; Sec. 20. 
 
 L 
 
 AKE HARVEY, farmer; Sec. 10. 
 
 IjAKE JAMES, Farmer, also Manu- 
 facturer and Dealer in Lime ; Sees. 1 and 2 ; 
 owns 163 acres of land, valued at f 16,000; 
 is Republican and Christian Union; was 
 born in England in 1815; came to New 
 Brunswick in 1832; and to this county in 
 1855 ; married Sarah Riecker in Feb., 
 1837; slie w^as born in St. Johns, N. B., 
 1818; they have six children: Henry, 
 1837; Elizabeth. 1840; Sarah, 1846; Eliza, 
 1848; James, 1850; Robert 1853; lost one. 
 
 liAlNGA FRAIIIK, Farmer; Sec. 7; 
 owns sixty acres land, valued at $2,000; 
 born io County Mayo, Ireland, Jan. 29, 
 1833; came to America in 1851; lived in 
 Putnam County two years, Penn. two 
 years, Minn, a year; came to this county 
 in 1857 ; married Catherine Comings, Jan. 
 10, 1858; she was born in Ireland, May, 
 1833; they have two children: John F., 
 born March 1, 1860; James, July 26, 1874; 
 lost five boys and three girls: Eddie, 
 Frank, Mary, Annie aud infant daughter ; 
 Republican; Catholic. 
 
 liEACH SHEPHERD, Farmer; Sec. 
 32; owns 1000 acres land, valued at $100- 
 000; is a Republican and member Second 
 Congregational Church; came to this 
 county in June, 1839; married Phebe 
 A. xlUen ia 1848; she was born June 25, 
 1830, in Franklin Co., Mass ; they have four 
 children: Clara Frances, June 27, 1851; 
 Elizabeth Abba,Dec.ll, 1854; Harriet Shep- 
 herd, Nov. 18, 1857; Emma Allen, Dec. 
 19, 1863 ; lost one, Ida S, Sep. 17, 1856. 
 
 LedduckG. gardener; Sec. 21. 
 
 Lewis Wm. rents ; Sec. 35. 
 
 Livings A. farmer; Sec. 28. 
 
 Livings B. farmer ; Sec. 28. 
 
 Livings Thos. G. farmer ; Sec. 28. 
 
 liOlfii RICHARD, Farmer; Sec. 9; 
 owns 380 acres land, valued at $14,000; 
 born in Clement County, Ohio, forty miles 
 from Cincinnati, May 5, 1834; came to 
 
 Illinois, May, 1835, and to this county 
 in 1836 ; his brother, John B., came to this 
 county in 1835, whose daughter was the 
 first white ciiild born in Winnebago 
 county; Richard married Emily Woods, 
 July i2, 1860 ; she was born in this county, 
 Aug. 21, 1843; they have six children: 
 Margaret Ann, born July 2, 1861; Mary 
 Jane, March 13, 1864; Elizabeth Emily, 
 Nov. 25, 1866; Richard B., July 13, 1869; 
 Charles S., March 27, 1872 ; John E., Sept. 
 10, 1874; Democrat and member M. E. 
 Church. 
 
 Lovell Wm. farmer; Sec. 8. 
 
 liUXDVAIili CHARIiES, Brick 
 
 Maker and Farmer; Sec. 24; residence 
 East End Rural St ; owns 25 acres land, 
 valued at $4,000 ; born in Sweden, 1850 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1867; manufactured 
 brick six years, averaging 700 to 800 
 thousand per annum; maiden name of 
 wife Augusta Swanson; married 1872; 
 she was born in Sweden in 1853; they 
 have two children : Huldah, born in 1873; 
 Alice, 1875 ; Republican and Lutheran. 
 
 M 
 
 cCOLLUCK R. farmer; Sec. 5. 
 
 McCAlTGHEY YriL.L.IAM C. 
 
 Market Gardener and Fruit Raiser; Sec. 
 25; owns 20 acres land, valued at $4,000; 
 born in Ottawa, La Salle Co., March 8, 
 1838 ; moved to Dodge Co., Wis., in 1840 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1860 ; during first year 
 of war was employed as drill officer at 
 Rockford and vicinity ; enlisted, August, 
 1862, in 74th Regt. I. V. I. ; served two 
 years; was engaged in battle of Perrys- 
 ville and several other hard fought battles 
 and skirmishes; exposures of camp life 
 produced disease of the lungs, endanger- 
 ing his life; lost one lung entirely; was 
 discharged for disability, and is now a 
 pensioner ; has held office of Town Collec- 
 tor two terms, and Deputy Sheriff one; is 
 an Ancient Odd-Fellow; Democrat; Meth- 
 odist; married Mary E. Kettlewell, April 
 13,1870; she was born in Canada, Dec. 
 27, 1846 ; have one child, Hallie Pauline, 
 born June 5, 1871. 
 
 McDonald David, farmer; Sec. 34. 
 
 McDonald Jas. rents farm ; Sec. 33. 
 
 McDonald Wm. farmer; Sec. 3. 
 
 McGraham Jas. farmer ; Sec. 17. 
 
 McIiEAN liAUCHI^lX, Retired ; 
 born in the town of Caledonia, Living- 
 ston Co., N. Y., Jan. 7, 1817 ; came to this 
 Co. in 1859 ; married Miss Hannah Kelley ; 
 she was born in Ireland; they were mar- 
 ried in 1846; in the fall of 1861 he enlisted 
 and went into tlie army and served until 
 the close of the war; acted as Orderly two 
 years; he served six months in the 8th 111. 
 Cav. ; he then enlisted in the 65th I. V. I., 
 aud acted as Sergt. two j^ears; the balance 
 of the time was in the medical depart- 
 
ROCKFOKD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 ment, looking after the sick and wounded ; 
 has one son and four daugliters, Mary J., 
 Sarah, Frances M., Hannah, and Edward. 
 
 Macke}^ James, farmer; Sec. 17. 
 
 Maher Jas. rents farm; Sec. 16. 
 
 Millard Merritt, farmer; Sec. 17. 
 
 Milligan Wm. farmer; Sec. 30. 
 
 SIIXARD ED^VARD W. Farmer; 
 Sec. 1; born in Vermont, Feb. 18, 1836; 
 came to this Co. in March, 1857; married 
 twice ; his first wife, Mary L. Adams, died 
 in 1868, leaving four children, Lester, 
 Ellis, Burnside, and Mary; second wife 
 was Frances McKinley, married in 1871, 
 at Rockford, where she was born ; tliree 
 children by tins marriage: Nellie, born in 
 1872; Jessie, 1874; Blanch, 1875; owns 
 200 acres of rich, mostly river bottom, land, 
 valued at $16,000; Republican; Metho- 
 dist; holds office of School Director. 
 
 Minnick A. P. patent churn ; Sec. 15. 
 
 Minot Wallard, painter; Sec. 35. 
 
 Morey Benj. rents farm; Sec. 1. 
 
 Morrisey P. farmer ; Sec. 17. 
 
 /^? CONNOR PATRICK, farmer; Sec. 5. 
 
 Odgers Jos. farmer; Sec. 25. 
 
 p)ARK JOSHUA, farmer; Sec. 1. 
 
 Patterson Alex, farmer; Sec. 6. 
 Patterson Alex., Jr., farmer. 
 
 PEL.LEY MBS. AMY, Widow of 
 John Pelley ; Farming ; Sees. 9 and 16 ; 
 owns 140 acres, valued at $9,000; he was 
 born in England, April 5, 1810; came to 
 America when a young man; married in 
 November, 1832, in Canada; came to this 
 Co. in 1838 ; lived on Deacon Corey's farm 
 until 1848, wlien they bought the farm 
 now occupied by the widow ; they have 
 five children: Orrin, born in 1832; Sarah, 
 in 1839, now Mrs. J. Ryan; John T., 1846; 
 Wm. F., 1850; Mary Emma, 1852, now 
 Mrs. Albert Wheat; Mr. Pelley was School 
 Director a few years; both members of 
 First Baptist Church. 
 
 Pepper C. B. farmer ; Sec. 36. 
 
 PIERPOlfT MRS. J. «. Farming; 
 Sec. 20; owns 237 acres hmd, valued at 
 $20,000 ; is widow of Guy Pierpont ; came 
 to this Co. in 1857; Mrs. P. was born 
 ■ April 6, 1820, in Connecticut; has three 
 children: Elenor J., born Feb. 1, 1849, 
 now Mrs. St. Johns ; Theron G., April 21, 
 1851; Watson T., Feb. 11, 1855; all mem- 
 bers of the Congregational Church. 
 
 PORTER JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 6; 
 owns 145 acres land, valued at $10,000; 
 born in Scotland, April 24, 1817 ; came to 
 this Co. June 12, 1843; married Barbara 
 Kirton, Sept. 30, 1843, in Chicago ; she was 
 born in Scotland, in 1817; two children: 
 
 James, born July, 1855, and Margarette, 
 Sept., 1858; she married John McGee, of 
 Iowa; Mr. P. is a Republican and a Pres- 
 byterian. 
 
 Preston Elbert, farmer. 
 
 Puddicombe Jno. rents farm ; Sec. 18. 
 
 R 
 
 AND CHAS. E. farmer; Sec. 15. 
 
 Rand Chas. L. farmer. 
 Redington D. B. farm ; Sec. 3. 
 Redington H. P. farmer; Sec. 14. 
 Redington Jno. rents farm; Sec. 31. 
 Recker J. farmer; Sec. 3. 
 Rockwell Jos. farmer ; Sec. 7. 
 Rose B. A. farmer ; Sec. 28. 
 Rose E. S. farmer ; Sec. 35. 
 Rose Wm. W. farmer; Sec. 35. 
 Rowley Jno. D. farmer ; Sec. 14. 
 Rudd T. J. farmer; Sec. 18. 
 
 O AFFORD DARIUS, farmer; Sec. 7. 
 
 SEARLES JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 15; 
 owns 100 acres land, valued at $8,000; 
 born in England, Aug. 15, 1827; came to 
 Canada in 1848; lived in Michigan awhile; 
 was in Southern States one winter; finally 
 settled in this Co. in 1850; maiden name 
 of wife was Maria Wilcox; born in Eng- 
 land, in 1829; they were married in 1852; 
 have no children; Mr. S. is a carpenter 
 and builder by trade. 
 
 Searles Walter, Sec. 15. 
 
 Shepherd Reason, farmer; Sec. 8. 
 
 Simmons Wm. G. farmer; Sec. 11. 
 
 SIMPSOIlf MRS. REBECCA, 
 
 Farming; Sec. 6; widow of Peter Simpson; 
 he was born in Scotland in 1812; came to 
 Canada in 1823; to this Co. in 183S; mar- 
 ried twice; first wife was Henrietta Curry, 
 born in Scotland; died in 1850; they had 
 seven children; two living: Robert and 
 Susan; Mrs. Rebecca Simpson was born 
 Dec. 17, 1832, and has two children : Charles 
 K., born Dec. 24, 1852 ; Clara, Aug. 7, 1855 ; 
 Mr. Simpson was in the army; served in 
 Co. C, 15th I. V. I. 
 
 SIMPSOBT ROBEBT, Farmer; Sees. 
 5 and 8; born in Canada, March 16, 1836; 
 came to this Co. in 1839; married twice; 
 first wife was Eliza Davis; died in Oct., 
 1872; second wife was Catherine Spotts- 
 wood; married Nov. 26, 1873; she was 
 born in Canada, March 17, 1848; two chil- 
 dren : Effie, by first wife, born in Oct., 1869, 
 and Mary Henrietta, by second wife, born 
 March 25, 1877 ; School Director several 
 years; Christian Union Church; Commis- 
 sioner of Highways; served in 74th Regt. 
 I. V. I.; with Sheinnan in his march to the 
 Sea; discharged Aug. 10, 1865. 
 
 SKEED THOMAS, Farmer; Sec. 8; 
 owns 160 acres land, valued at $15,000; 
 
WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Republican ; has held offices of School 
 Director and Path Master; was born in 
 Truro Tp., Nova Scotia, Nov. 37,1807; 
 came to tliis Co. Sept. 18, 1846; nottinding 
 location of land and prices satisfiictory, he 
 went to Wisconsin, where he stayed a year ; 
 learning that the land reserved in this Co. 
 for half breed Indians, was soon to be on 
 the market, he returned and pre-empted 
 the land he now occupies, paying only 
 $1.25 per acre ; maiden name of wile was 
 Elvira Pennook; married Sept. 4, 1836; 
 she was born in York, N. Y., Nov. 6, 1814; 
 three children : Elizabeth S. (now widow 
 Crawley), William H., Judson D. ; William 
 enlisted in the tirst company that went 
 from Rockford. 
 
 Skinner E. H. prop. Highland Nurseries. 
 
 Sluyter Jonathan, farmer; Sec. 16. 
 
 Smith Gilford, renter; Sec. 10. 
 
 SMITH MRS. ISABELLA, Farm- 
 ing ; Sec. 17 ; owns 345 acres, value $15,000 ; 
 Member Episcopal Church ; born in Eng- 
 land in 1837 ; married Thomas Smith in 
 1848; came to Lockport, N. Y., in 1853; 
 he died in Oct., 1855; she came to this Co. 
 in 1857; has five children: Dorathy, James 
 C, Mary, Thomas and William. 
 
 SMITH PL.IIC, Farmer; Sec. 20; owns 
 
 135 acres land, valued at $10,000; born in 
 
 Vermont, March 14, 1823 ; came to this Co. 
 
 ~~ in 1844; married Juliet T. Campbell, April 
 
 9, 1844; she was born in Vermont, Oct. 25, 
 1825 ; four children : Melvin A., born Nov. 
 1, 1845; Hattie A., Oct. 21, 1850; Geo. E., 
 Oct. 1, 1856; Juliet A., Aug. 27, 1866; Hat- 
 tie is married to M. J. Clark; Mr. Smith 
 is a Republican and Methodist. 
 
 Smith Melvin, farmer; Sec. 8. 
 
 STEBBI:NS aurora. Farming; 
 Sec. 21 ; owns 30 acres, value $3,000; born 
 Aug. 19, 1835, in La Porte Co., Ind. ; mar- 
 ried Geo. Stebbins, Dec. 19, 1853; four 
 children: Carry J., born Sept. 10, 1855, 
 died June 9, 1869; Corie L., Oct. 17, 1856; 
 Charlie C, June 6, 1858; Carlyle E., Nov. 
 
 10, 1863 ; members Methodist Church. 
 
 STEVEBfS GEORGE €. Fruit 
 Farming; Sec. 21; owns 15>^ acres land, 
 
 value $3,500; born in Allegany Co., N. 
 Y., Nov. 3, 1836; came to this Co. in 1869; 
 married Harriet Truesdell, Dec. 9, 1839; 
 she was born in Mich., May 18, 1843; 
 three children : Fred H., born Sept. 30, 
 1870; Floy L., Dec. 19, 1871 ; Rena M., Oct. 
 10, 1876 ; School Director six years ; served 
 in Co. C, 22d I. V. I.; Republican. 
 
 STILES RICHARD S. Farmer; 
 Sec. 19; owns 200 acres land, valued at 
 $16,000; born in N. H., Aug. 15, 1811; 
 came to this Co. March 29, 1837 ; married 
 Sarah Stilson, Dec. 10, 1846 ; she was born 
 in Lobo, Canada, in 1822; five children: 
 John A., born Aug. 26, 1851; Lucy A., 
 Aug. 19, 1853; Richard L., April 18, 1856; 
 Luther A., Aug. 17, 1858; Amos. D., June 
 17, 1861; lost two daughters; is a Repub- 
 lican and member Congregational Church. 
 
 SWA5f ELIZA L. Farming; Sec. 18; 
 widow of Philander Swan, who died Feb. 
 26, 1869, aged 71 years; they came to this 
 Co. in 1856 ; no children ; Universalist. 
 
 T 
 
 HAYER HERMAN, farmer; Sec. 7. 
 
 THOMAS ALBERT S. Manufac 
 turer and Dealer in Neatsfoot Oil and 
 Bones and Fertilizers; Sec. 34; born in 
 Genesee Co., N. Y., in 1834; came to this 
 Co. in 1876, after living a few years in Ft. 
 Atkinson, Wis.; married Hatty S. Sears in 
 1859 ; she was born in Waterloo. N. Y., in 
 1835 ; four children : Luther S., Gertie M., 
 Mabel, Nelson A. 
 
 Tillmew Jno. rents farm ; Sec. 35. 
 
 w 
 
 AGNER FRANK, Sec. 14. 
 
 Walling Jno. laborer; Sec 10. 
 Waxham Jas. farmer ; Sec. 5. 
 Weaver Charles, Sec. 35. 
 AVelty Calvin, Sec. 25. 
 Williamson Geo. W., Sec. 17. 
 Wing L. J. farmer; Sec. 20. 
 Woodruff C. H. farmer; Sec. 10. 
 Woodruff Jno. H. farmer; Sec. 10. 
 
CHERRY VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 539 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY TOWNSHIR 
 
 ADAMS EDWARD, Sr., Farmer; Sec. 
 16; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 AdaDis F. renter; S. 10; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Adams Phillip, laborer; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Adams William, painter; Cherry Valley. 
 Ager Luke, farm ; S. 27 ; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Akeely N. N. carpenter ; Cherry Valley. 
 Anderson Frank. ' 
 
 Andrus Henry, farmer; Sec. 3 ; P.O. Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Aney D. renter; Sec. 10; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Aney Q. renter; Sec. 10; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 BAIRD E. G. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. 
 Cherry Valley. 
 Bander L. farm; Sec. 2; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Bangston John, laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 -BARXIJM D. H. Farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. 
 Rockford; was born in Fairfield Co., 
 Conn., town of Danbury, on Feb. 12, 181(J; 
 came to this Co. in June, 1838, and is one 
 of the oldest settlers; no children; wife 
 was Miss Hattie, daughter of Dr. J. C. 
 Goodhue, one of the first physicians of 
 Rockford ; she was born in Chicago, May 
 1st, 1840; married Feb. 22, 1870 ; has 163 
 acres valued at $8,150. 
 
 Barton B. farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Baxter John. 
 
 B£AMER AI.VA, Farmer; Sec. 26; 
 P. O. Cherry Valley; was born in Stuben 
 Co., N. Y., May 7, 1830 ; came to Belvidere 
 with his parents in the spring of 1838; 
 remained in Boone Co. 19 years and then 
 came and has remained here ever since ; 
 has 82 acres valued at $4,100; married 
 Miss Clarinda Doolittle ; she was born in 
 this Co. Oct. 16, 1841 ; they were married 
 Jan. 22, 1863; has three children, Minnie 
 L., Ettie M., and Herbert E: 
 
 Beckett W. farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 BEIiLMYER E. T. Physician and 
 Surgeon; Cherry Valley; was born in 
 Union Town, Carroll Co., Md., July 8, 
 1831 ; commenced the study of medicine 
 under Dr. Leroy Swormsted, of Westmin- 
 ster, Md. ; he graduated at the Physio- 
 Medical Institute, of Cincinnati, in 1855 ; 
 and commenced practice in Aug. the same 
 year in this Co. ; he married Miss Mary 
 Mettler; she was born in Eudfield, 
 Thompkins Co., N.Y., March 26, 1829 ; she 
 came to the Co. in the fall of 1840 ; they 
 were married June 2, 1858. 
 
 Beevins James. 
 
 Bennet O. farm; Sec. 8; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Biggers S. M. farm; Sec. 6; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 BOWER A.C.Farmer and Stock Dealer; 
 Sec. 25; P. O. Cherry Valley; was born in 
 
 Weitenburg,Germauy,Dec.5,1835 ; leftthere 
 when past 17 years of age and came to the 
 U. S., and to N. J., and located near New- 
 ark ; remained there 3 years and then came 
 to III., and to this Co. in 1858; owns 420 
 acres, valued at $16,800; lie married Miss 
 Sarah Shetter ; she was l^orn in Yorktown, 
 Pa., March 21, 1836; they were married in 
 Sept. 1861 ; have three children, Lizzie, 
 Eugene and Ophelia. 
 
 Brady J. farmer; Sec. 17; P.O.New Milford. 
 
 Bradt John, broom-maker ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Brown A. S. farm; S. 20; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 Brown C. W. farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Cherrv 
 Valley. ^ 
 
 Brown Fletcher, works for J. Brown ; Sec 
 11 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Brown F. laborer; S. 16; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 BROWJf G. W. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 26; P. O. Cherry Valley; was 
 born in this Co. March 6, 1838; his father, 
 Jacob, settled in this Co. in Aug., 1835,' 
 and was one of the first settlers ; he died 
 in June, 1868; Mr. B. owns 400 acres, 
 valued at $20,000; he married Miss Marie 
 Gouchenour ; she was born in Noble Co., 
 O., May 2, 1840; they were married June 
 19, 1866 ; has two sons and two daughters ; 
 Clarence born May 11, '67; Florence born 
 Sept. 7, '70; Arthur born Jan. 15, 65; baby 
 not named, born Aug. 27, '77. 
 
 BROWN J4IH:9f, Farmer and Stock 
 Dealer ; P. O. Cherry Valley ; was born in 
 Morgan Co., O., Sept. 11, 1832; came to 
 Winnebago Co. with his parents in 1836, 
 and is one of the earliest settlers of this 
 Co. now living ; he owns iji Winnebago 
 and Boone counties 1,000 acres land, 
 valued at $60,000; raises 350 acres and 
 ujiwards of broom corn annually; owns 
 172 acres in Buena Vista Co., la. ; deals 
 hirgely in cattle, and has 350 head on his 
 western farm and 100 head here and 40 
 head horses, and has the largest and best 
 arranged barn in the State ; married Miss 
 H. M. Packard, of Mass.; they have 7 
 children, five sons and two daughters, 
 Annie, now Mrs. Raymond Rowley, John, 
 Lina, Richard, Ellsworth, Scott, and Major. 
 
 BROWN MICHAEIi, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser ; Sec. 20 ; P.O. Cherry Valley ; 
 was born in Morgan Co., O., Sept. 9, 1830; 
 came to this Co. in Aug. 1836, and is one 
 of the first settlers ; has 134 acres, valued 
 at $8,710; he married Miss Nancy Frick; 
 she was born in Erie Co., N. Y., May 6, 
 1831 ; she came to the Co. in 1840 ; they 
 were married March 6, 1853; she died 
 July 31, 1875 ; has two sons, Albert S. and 
 Chas. W. 
 
 Brown R. R. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Rockford. 
 
540 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORV: 
 
 BlJCIIAir MRS. SlJSAJflf AH J. 
 
 Farming; Sec 6; P. O. Rockford; daugh- 
 ter of Harley Stilson, born near Hartford, 
 Conn., Jan. 17, 1800; he came this Co. and 
 to Roclvford in April, 1844, and was one 
 of the oldest settlers; he died March 17, 
 1874, on his farm in Rocktord township ; 
 Retta Burton, her motlier, was born Feb. 
 
 13, 1803, in Sullivan Co., N. Y.; she died 
 April 10, 1876, at their home in Rockford 
 township ; Mr. S. was a carpenter by trade ; 
 he helped build the first bridge in this Co. 
 across Rock River, also helped build the 
 first Court House ; he loft a I'amily of two 
 daughters and one sou ; Mrs. Buchan, born 
 in Broome Co., N. Y., Sept. 3d, 1825; 
 Nathaniel L., born in Broome Co., N. Y., 
 March 19, 1832 ; Lucy L., now Mrs. Q. H. 
 F. Burt, born in Lanesborough, Pa., June 
 
 14, 1837; he lost one son, Christopher; he 
 died at his father's home, Feb. 37, 1852, 
 was born in Broome Co., IS . Y., Nov. 3, 
 1834; Mrs. B. has 177 acres, valued at 
 $12,390. 
 
 Buchan W. P. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 Buck P. renter; Sec. 1; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Burk Luke, blacksmith ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 CANNELL R. T. hardware merchant; 
 Cherry Valle3^ 
 Carlson John, shoemaker ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 CARMICHAKL. H. W. Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 18; P.O. New Milford; 
 was born in New Milford township, this 
 Co. July 13, 1845 ; his father, J. P., came 
 to this Co. in 1838 ; he married Miss Lyda 
 Carpenter ; she was born near Oswego, N. 
 Y., March 6, 1851 ; they were married 
 Dec. 14, 1870; have one son and one 
 daughter, Edith M. and Leroy C. ; owns 
 280 acres valued at $14,000. 
 
 Carr George, shoemaker; Cherry Valley. 
 
 CASE AlIOl^, Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 13; P. O. Cherry Valley; was 
 born in the town of Hoosick, Renssalaer 
 Co., N. Y., Oct. 8, 1816 ; located in this Co. 
 in June 1846 ; owns in this Co. and Boone 
 about 2,500 acres, valued at $75,000 ; Mr. 
 C. is one of the most extensive farmers in 
 Northern Ills. ; he married Miss Mary J. 
 Lamb; she was born in Pittstown, Ren- 
 ssalaer Co., N. Y., Feb. 22, 1825 ; they were 
 married June 21, 1846; have two sons and 
 one daughter, Chas. C, David L. and 
 Sarah E. 
 
 Case M., farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 CASSIWY MOSES, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser ; Sec. 35 ; P.O. Cherry Valley ; 
 was born in the Co. of Donegal, Ireland, 
 in 1847 ; left there and came to the U. S. 
 and to this Co. in 1862, owns 200 acres 
 valued at $10,000; he married Miss Sarah 
 Graham •, she was born in the Co. Antrim, 
 Ireland, June 4, 1853 ; they were married 
 Dec.20,1870; have four children, three sons 
 and one daughter ; Samuel, born Sept. 24, 
 
 1867 ; Henry, born Aug. 31, 1869 ; Emogene, 
 
 born April 14, 1873 ; Wm. H., born Oct. 
 
 29, 1876. 
 Castelo D. farm; Sec. 16; P.O. New Milford. 
 Chamberlin A. A. Justice of the Peace; 
 
 Cherry Valley. 
 Chamberlin D. A. livery, and insurance 
 
 agent; Cherry Valley. 
 Chase H. B. farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Clark E. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Clark J. farm; Sec. 34; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Clark John, farmer; Sec. 34; P.O.Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Clark Joseph, insurance agt. ; Cherry Valley. 
 Clark P. renter; S. 35; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Cleveland F. L. farm ; S. 27 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 CIiEVEI.A:ND GEO. €. Farmer 
 and Stock Raiser; Sec. 27; P.O. Rockford; 
 was born in Washington Co., N. Y., July 
 27, 1818; became to this Co. in July, 1843; 
 owns 254 acres valued at $15,240; has been 
 married twice; married Miss Elvira J. 
 Clark ; she was born in Manchester, Ben- 
 nington Co., Vt., Feb. 23, 1820; they were 
 married Jan. 18, 1843 ; she died Oct. 25, 
 1849; he married again to Pamelia Lewis; 
 she was born in Orangeville, Wyoming 
 Co., N. Y., Dec. 7, 1823; they were married 
 Oct. 1, 1851 ; has one son by first marriage, 
 three sons and one daughter by second ; 
 Geo. C, Jr., Frank L., Edward W., Willis 
 P., and Carrie E. ; was School Treasurer 14 
 years ; Assessor 3 years, and Commissioner 
 of Highways about 5 years. 
 
 Cling Wm. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Colwell Benj. pedler; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Compton H. broom-maker ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Compton J. H. dealer in agricultural imple- 
 ments; Rockford. 
 
 COXKIilHf GEO. Carriage Making 
 and Painting; Cherry Vallej^; was born in 
 Tioga Co. N. Y. ; he came to this Co. in 
 Sept. 1825; he married Miss Amanda 
 Shelton; she was born in Guilford, N. Y., 
 Dec. 12, 1835 ; they were married Sept. 24, 
 1854; have seven children, Isabel, Emma 
 H.,Mary K., Geo. F., Chas. E., Maynard W., 
 and Asa F. 
 
 COXKI^IN JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 
 34; P. O. New Milford; was born in 
 AVashington Co., N. Y., June 14, 1823; 
 came to tliis Co. in Oct. 1860; owns 95 
 acres valued at $4,750; he married Miss 
 Teressa Martin ; she was born in Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., J uly 14, 1826 ; they Avere mar- 
 ried in Feb. 1845 ; have two sons and eight 
 daughters living, lost two sons and two 
 daughters, Helen, Emma, Laura, Melva, 
 Cora, Kate, Lulu, Capitola, Martha and 
 Clara; Fred, Oscar, George and John 
 deceased. 
 
 Conklin J. wagon-maker; Cherrj^ Valley. 
 
CHERRY VALLEY TOWNaHIP. 
 
 541 
 
 Craig G. A. R. R. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Craig Wm. station agent;- Cherry Valley. 
 Cramer Geo. broom-maker ; Cherry Valley. 
 Crandall W. H. carpenter; Cherry Valley. 
 Crawford A. J. farm; Sec. 5; P.O. Rockford. 
 Crisp Wm. insurance agent; Cherry Valley. 
 Crosby Sidney, carpenter ; Cherry Valley. 
 Cross H. E. Baptist minister; Cherry Valley. 
 
 D 
 
 ALE A. A. painter ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 I>A]!^NEXBERG CHAS. A. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford; was 
 born in Germany, Aug. 8, 1828 ; came to 
 the U. S. in 1854, and to this Co. in 1855; 
 he married Miss Daugherty Chear; she 
 was born in Germany, Oct. 24, 1828 ; they 
 were married, June 24, 1854 ; she died July 
 16, 1874 ; has three sons and one daughter, 
 Chas. F., Frances A., Albert and Wm. H. ; 
 owns 98 acres valued at $4,900. 
 Davis G. W. farmer; Sec. 6; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 DAWSO]!lf MRS. CORXKLIA, 
 
 Farming; Sec. 27; P. O. Cherry Valley; 
 widow of Robert Dawson : he was born in 
 Toronto, Canada, Nov. 17, 1819 ; he came 
 to this Co. in 1846 ; Mrs. D's maiden name 
 was Dewitt; she was born in Herkimer 
 Co., N. Y., May 16, 1821 ; they were mar- 
 ried May 1, 1843, in Twinsburg, 0.;he 
 died Aug. 2, 1856 ; left a family of one son 
 and one daughter, Trocelia M., now Mrs. 
 Calvin Welty, living in Rockford ; James, 
 who was killed in the late rebellion on the 
 gunboat Hastings; she was married again 
 to Saml. Kyes, Dec. 13, 1859; he was born 
 in Avon, O., June 14, 1833 ; she has 100 acres 
 valued at $7,000. 
 
 Dean J. J. farm; Sec. 34; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Dean T. farmer; Sec. 29; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 DeGrafF A. F. carpenter; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Dewan James, salesman ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 DOIiAIir MICHAEL., Farmer; Sec. 
 21 ; P. O. Cherry Valley; was born in the 
 Co. Gahvay, Ireland, in 1827 ; came to the 
 U. S. and to this Co. in 1855; owns 200 
 acres valued at $10,000; he married Miss 
 Mary Dowd ; she was born in the same 
 place in 1822 ; they were married in 1847 ; 
 have three sons and four daughters.Patrick, 
 Thomas, James, Bridget, Annie, Mary E., 
 and Aveline. 
 
 Dolan Pat. renter; S. 33; P.O. "NTew Milford. 
 
 Dolin M. fariji; Sec. 22; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 DOTY li. W. Proprietor Valley House; 
 Cherry Valley ; was born in Tioga Co., O., 
 Aug. 9, 1825; came to this Co. in 1857; 
 have seven children, R. B., Chas. E., Bertha, 
 Hattie, Lewis, Oscar, and Jessie ; wife was 
 Miss Emeline Blakley; she was born in 
 Ashtabula Co., O. ; served 3 years in the 
 late rebellion ; was 1st Lieutenant of Co. 
 G, 46th Regiment of Wis. Vol. 
 
 DlJKlVEIili C A. Attorney at law; 
 Cherry Valley ; was born in the town of , 
 Arcadia, Wayne Co., N. Y., Aug. 1, 1824; 
 came to this Co. in the spring of 1850; was 
 Justice of the Peace 12 years; Associate 
 Justice of the Co. 4 years; and Supervisor 
 4 years; married Miss Elizabeth Pike of 
 Maine ; they have one son and one daugh- 
 ter, Augustus and Lizzie May. 
 
 -pNRIGHT JOHN, laborer; Cherry Val- 
 
 ERFFMEYER HEXRY, Farmer; 
 Sec. 16 ; P. O. Rockford ; was born in Ger- 
 many, Nov. 12, 1821 ; came to the U. S. 
 and to N. Y., in Oct. 1845, and to this Co. 
 in May 1855; owns 100 acres valued at 
 $4,000; he married Miss Elizabeth Gos- 
 myer; she was born in Germany, Oct. 30, 
 1828;tliey were married Nov. 24, 1849; 
 she died Jan. 17, 1863 ; have four children 
 living, lost one ; Caroline, Henry,Charlotte, 
 Chas., and Wm. (deceased.) 
 
 EVAN'S DAVID W. Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 35; P.O.Cherry Valley; 
 was born in the town of Granville, 
 Canada, Nov. 30, 1840; came to this Co. 
 July 1, 1856; owns 170 acres valued at 
 $8,500; he married Mii^s Emma J. Conk- 
 1 in; she was born in the town Western, 
 Oneida Co., N. Y., March 29, 1849; they 
 were married April 27, 1866 ; have four 
 children living, lost one; Jesse R., J. 
 Leroy (deceased), Olive G., Nettie M., and 
 baby not 3^et named ; he served nearly 4 
 years in the late war, in Co. L, 8th I. V. C. 
 
 EVAlflS^J. C. Farmer and Stock Raiser; 
 Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford; was born in 
 Canada, March 1, 1835; came to this Co. 
 in Dec. 1860; has 180 acres valued at 
 $7,200; he married M-'ss Alice W. Win- 
 fleld ; she was born in Montreal, Canada; 
 they were married March 19, 1863; have 
 two sous and one daughter, Lillie M., 
 Percival G., and Eddie I. 
 
 FAGLEBERG PETER, laborer; Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Fallon J. farm; Sec. 22; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Fallon P. farm ; Sec. 22 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 Fancher G. W. farmer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Farley James, retired farmer ; Cheriy Valley. 
 
 FD^HER JOHir, Miller; Cherry Val- 
 ley; was born April 8, 1819; came to this 
 State in 1849; to this county in 1865; 
 married Sallie Mason, who was born, Dec. 
 1819, at the same place in Penn. as her 
 husband ; they have thirteen children. 
 
 Fisher Solomon. 
 
 FITCH VAIiEXTIXE, Farmer; 
 Sec. 9; P. O. Rockford; was born in Ger- 
 many in 1823 ; came to the U. S. in 1855, 
 and has been in this Co. 22 years ; owns 
 50 acres valued at $2,500; he married 
 Lina Tripp ; she was born in Erie Co., N. 
 Y. ; they were married in 1850 ; have nine 
 
542 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 chiklren,Frank,Ida, Emma, John, Charles, 
 Heaiy, William, Rachael and Benj. 
 
 Flyn J. K. harness-maker; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Flynu Thos. laborer ; Clierry Valley. 
 
 Fossitt Frank, farmer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 FOWLER GKO. Farmer; Sec. 2, P. 
 O. Cherry Valley ; was born in Westfield, 
 Mass., May 11, lb25; located in tliis Co. in 
 the fall of 184:0, and is one of the oldest 
 settlers ; owns 90 acres valued at $4,500; 
 married Mrs. Elizabeth E. Patten, widow 
 of Samuel ; she was born in the town of 
 Homer, Cayuga Co., N. Y., July 27, 1830; 
 they were married Feb. 15, 1855; they have 
 six children, two sons and four daughters, 
 Emma, George, Estella, Edgar, Annie and 
 Ida; Mrs. F. has two sons by former mar- 
 riage, Berdett E. and Frank ; Mr.F.has 320 
 acres in Pottawattouiie Co., Kansas. 
 
 Frich B. M. farm; S. IG; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 GARRETT W. D. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. 
 New Milford. 
 Gibbus Barney, farmer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Gibbus John, Town Clerk ; Cherry Valley. 
 Goble H. farm ; Sec. 15 ; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Goble Wm. laborer; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Gouchenour J. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Govern J. farm ; S. 33 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Govern J. W. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 
 GOVERN PATRICK, Farmer; 
 Sec. 21; P. O. Cherry Valley; was born in 
 Ireland in 1823 ; left there and came to the 
 U. S. in 1853, and to this Co. in 1857; 
 owns 320 acres valued at $1G,000; he mar- 
 ried Miss Mary Turley; she was born in 
 Ireland in 1825; they were married in 
 1851; have three sons and two daughters, 
 John, Michael, Peter, Mary and Julia A. 
 
 Gunsolus Chauncey, farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. 
 New Milford. 
 
 GUXSOIiUS MRS. SOPHIA, 
 
 Farming; Sec. 17; P. O. New Milford; 
 widow of James S. ; he was born in 
 Cayuga Co., N. Y., Sept. 17, 1810 ; he came 
 to this Co. and settled on the place where 
 they now live in the spring of 1835, and 
 was the first settler in Cherry Valley 
 township; he died July 17, 1872; Mrs. G's 
 maiden name was Babcock; she was born 
 in Oswego, N. Y., Jan. 12, 1816; they were 
 married June 19, 1834; he left an estate of 
 145 acres valued at $7,250 ; he served all 
 through the Black Hawk War, and was 
 Justice of the Peace in this town 11 years; 
 left family six sons and three daughters, 
 Caroline, Jeanette, Isaiali, Chauncey, 
 John T., James H., Sarah L., Andes, 
 and Alson (deceased); Alson was killed 
 at the Camee Agency while fighting 
 the Indians; he belonged to Howard 
 Command, Co. I 21st Infantry. 
 
 HALEY JOHN, warehouse man; Cherry 
 Valley. 
 Hammond Richard, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. 
 
 Cherry Valley. 
 Haselo F. farm ; Sec. 9 ; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Hawks E. R. pedler; Cherry Valley. 
 Henderson Chas. H. renter; Sec. 22; P.O. 
 
 Cherry Valley. 
 Henderson J. H. farm; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Hendrickson G. S. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. 
 
 Cherry Valley. 
 Henry Geo., Sr. blacksmith ; Cherry Valley. 
 Henry Geo. blacksmith ; Cherry Valley. 
 Herrick Ed. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HESTEI> JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 27; 
 P. O. New Milford; was born in Kent, 
 England, Oct. 9, 1825 ; came to the U. S. 
 with his parents when five years of age; 
 came to this Co. 22 years ago and has 
 remained here ever since ; owns 160 acres 
 valued at $8,000; he married Miss Mary 
 J. Baltozer; she was born in Penn. in 
 May, 1835 ; they were married in January, 
 1861; have four children, William E., 
 Minnie E., Harriet B., and Eddie J. 
 
 Holdridge Frank, farm ; S. 7 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Holmes Chas. renter; Sec. 26; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 HORTOIIf LEVI D. Farmer; Sec. 
 28; P.O. New Milford; was born in 
 Tompkins Co., N. Y., April 22, 1811; 
 came to this Co. in July, 1844; owns 160 
 acres valued at $8,000; he married Miss 
 Susan Polhamus ; she was born in Orange 
 Co., N. Y., Feb. 18, 1813; they were mar- 
 ried July 12, 1834; have five children, one 
 son and four daughters, Annie R., Ruth 
 A., Phccbe J., George, Clara, Eva L. 
 
 Houge Martin, broom-maker ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 HOVEY B. B. Merchant; Cherry Val- 
 ley; born in Washington Co., O., Jan. 16, 
 1825 ; came to this Co. in April, 1856 ; have 
 family eight daughters and one son, 
 Edwin H., Mary F., Minnie F., Josephine 
 L., Esther C, Nellie H., Clara S. and Nina 
 B.; wife was Miss Elizabeth Farley; she 
 was born in Morgan Co., O., April 1, 1832 ; 
 they were married Dec. 25, 1850 ; is Notary 
 Public, and was Overseer of the Poor 
 about 4 years. 
 
 Howdershell Jacob, farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 Cherry Valley. 
 
 Howdershell Jesse, farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 Cherry Valley. 
 
 Howe E. W. farmer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Howe Wilson, speculator; Cherr}^ Valley. 
 
 HUSSEY D. J. Physician and Sur- 
 geon; Cherry Valley. 
 
 HYLAND EDWARD, Farmer; 
 Sec. 23; P. O. Cherry Valley; was born in 
 Ireland 16, 1827 ; came to the U. S. in June 
 1853, and to this Co. in 1855 ; owns 1233^ 
 acres valued at $6,150; he married Mise 
 
CHERRY VALLEY TOWNSHIP 
 
 543 
 
 Rosa Burns ; she was born in Ireland in 
 1837; they were married Jan. 33, 1858; 
 have three sous and three daughters, 
 Edward, Arthur, Marj^ A., Kate, Rosa and 
 Charles. 
 
 Hyland J. renter; S. 11; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Hylaud T. renter; S. 11 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 IRELAND JAMES, renter; Sec. 11; P. O. 
 Cherry Valley. 
 Ireland T renter; Sec.ll ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 T O H N S O N ANDREW, shoemaker ; 
 J Cherry Valley. 
 
 Johnson A. farm; S. 9; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Johnson J. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 Jones C. A. farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 JOXES JOHN E. Farmer; Sec. 17; 
 P. O. Rockford ; was born in Glossenburg, 
 Conn., June 12, 1813; came to this 
 Co. in Dec. 1866; has 84 acres valued 
 at $5,880; he married Miss Roxanna Bar- 
 ber; she was born in the town of Mary- 
 land, Otsego Co., N. Y., July 17, 1815; 
 they were married in Sept. 1832; have five 
 children, two sons and three daughters, 
 Ruth C, Mary, Chas. A., Joseph H., and 
 Eunice. 
 
 KANE THOMAS, laborer; Cherry Val- 
 ley. 
 Keep C. A. stone mason ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 KEITH ^VESLE Y, Merchant ; 
 Cherry Valley; was born in Flora town- 
 ship, Boone Co., 111., Jan. 23, 1856; has 
 been in the mercantile business here for 
 two years; not married; owns 160 acres on 
 Sec. 20, Flora township, Boone Co., valued 
 at $12,000. 
 
 Kennedy T. farm; S. 17; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Kelner Amos, painter; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Kettle A. rents; Sec. 11; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 KINO OSCAR, Druggist; Cherry 
 Valley; was born in Broome Co. N. Y., 
 March 9, 1832 ; came to the Co. in 1854 ; 
 have two children, Arthur H., and Lizzie 
 B. ; wife was Miss Annie E. Swits; she 
 born in Schenectady, N. Y., March 2, 1852; 
 they were married Oct. 22, 1873 ; he served 
 about seven months in the late rebellion 
 in Co. C, 15th I. V. I. 
 
 Knighton John, farm; Sec. 27; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Knop H. farm; Sec. 13; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Koho Wm. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Kyes S. farm ; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 LACE T.C. renter; Sec. 28; P. O. New 
 Milford. 
 Lamb C. C. shoemaker; Cherry Valley. 
 Lance John, shoemaker; Cherry Valley. 
 Landers Wm. harness-maker ; Cherry Valley, 
 Lawrence Henry, farmer ; Cherry Valley, 
 
 Lawrence M. J. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 L<EE T. M. Lumber dealer; Cherry 
 Valley; was born in Flora township, 
 Boone Co., 111., Sept. 6, 1844; has lived in 
 Cherry Valley 6 years; he married Mrs. 
 Susan Howe, widow of M. M. Howe; she 
 was born in Warsaw, Wyoming Co., N. 
 Y., Aug. 22, 1845 ; they were married Nov. 
 27, 1875; no family; Mrs. L. has one son 
 and one daughter by her foi-mer marriage, 
 Fannie M., and Frank W. ; Mr. L. is 
 Township Treasurer. 
 
 Leggett A. P. broom manf ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Livingston Thos. laborer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Lowery Ellas, blacksmith; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Lyons Peter, laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 McGINLEY CHARLES, laborer; Cherry 
 Valley. 
 McKee John, merchant ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 McKEE J. N. Merchant; Cherry Val- 
 ley; was born in Blair Co., Penn., Feb. 9, 
 1837; he came to Flora township, Boone 
 Co., 111., in 1846 ; he came to Cherry Val- 
 ley in 1861, and two years later started 
 business, dealing in dry goods, groceries, 
 hats, caps, etc., of which he now keeps a 
 full assortment; he married Miss Louise, 
 daughter of Rufus C. Potter; she was born 
 in Lapeer Co., Mich., May 20, 1845 ; they 
 were married Dec. 20, 1865; have two 
 children, Frank, born Nov. 4, 1866; Mabel, 
 born Feb. 3, 1874. 
 
 McKee Thos. -carpenter; Cherry Valley. 
 
 McMAN PETER, Farmer ; Sec. 25 ; 
 P. O. Cherry Valley ; was born in the Co. 
 of Armaugh, Ireland, in 1817 ; left there 
 wlien 16 years of age and went to Orange 
 Co., N, Y.; came to this Co. in the fall of 
 1854 ; has 80 acres, valued at $4,000 ; he 
 married Miss Aune Welch; she was born 
 in the Co. Lonaford, Ireland; they were 
 married April 26, 1860 ; have one daugh- 
 ter, Rosanna; she was born Dec. 4, 1863. 
 
 MAC KEY C. H. Proprietor Meat 
 Market; Clierry Valley; was born in 
 Washington Co., O., Nov. 17. 1848; came 
 to the Co. in 1864; he married Miss Laura 
 Griswold ; she was born in Madison Co., 
 N. Y., March 20, 1853 ; they were married 
 March 20, 1871 ; they have one daughter, 
 Elvira M. ; she was born June 23, 1877. 
 
 MAC KEY HUGH, Farmer and 
 Stock Dealer; Sec. 1 ; P.O. Cherry Valley; 
 was born in Washington Co., Penn., May 
 1, 1822; located in this Co. Sept. 7, 1865; 
 owns in Winnebago and Boone counties 
 940 acres valued at $65,800 ; he raises 350 
 acres, and upwards, of broom corn, annu- 
 ally; deals largely in cattle, and has some 
 very fine Durham stock; he married 
 Miss Eliza L. Adams, from Delaware; 
 she was born July 1, 1822; they were mar- 
 ried July 3, 1845; was Supervisor two 
 terms, and School Director nine years; 
 
544 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 O 
 
 they have five children, one son and four 
 
 daughters, Mary E., now Mrs. Dr. D. J. 
 
 Hussey; Sai-ah L., now Mrs. Charles E. 
 
 Fuller; Florence, now Mrs. George W. 
 
 Priest; Emma J. and William Wallace. 
 Mackey J. B. farmer; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Madigen T. farm; S. 2; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Malvern M. farm ; S. 23 ; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Medin John, laborer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 MESICK D. P. Farmer; Sec. 6; P.O. 
 Rockford ; born in Athens, N. Y., Jan. 2, 
 1824; came to this Co. Dec. 16, 1854; has 
 98 acres, valued at $4,900; no children: 
 wife was Miss Susan Crane ; she was born 
 in Clinton Co., N. Y., Feb. 25, 1829 ; they 
 married Oct. 5, 1861 ; Mr. M. has followed 
 the Carpenter and Joiner business trom 
 the time he was 17 years old till 1871, and 
 then moved on his farm where he now lives. 
 
 Miller Jno. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Mulford Edw. grain buyer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Mulford J. farm: Sec. B; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Murphy D. rents form; Sec. 14; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 NOWLES C. H. physician ; Cherry Val- 
 ley. 
 
 ILLHERVEY, farmer; Sec. 8; P.O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 OILiIi W. H. Farmer and Stock Rais- 
 er; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford; was born in 
 Canada, Aug. 2, 1820; came to this Co. in 
 May, 1855; owns 160 acres, valued at $10,- 
 400; he married Miss Hester A. Snure; 
 she was born in Canada; no children, 
 has five adopted children, Hervey H. 
 Hulbert, has taken the name of Oill ; Wm. 
 and Adalaide Beckett, Harriet A. and Chas. 
 Gipple. 
 
 PACKARD GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 9; 
 P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 PACKARD CHAS. Farmer: Sec. 
 9; P. O. Cherry Valley; born in Hamp- 
 shire Co., Mass., Sept. 7, 1816; came to 
 this Co. in 1842; married Mary J. Fowler; 
 she was born in Hatfield, Mass., Feb. 23, 
 1826; she came to this Co. in Sept., 1839; 
 they were married Aug. 27, 1843; have 
 four children, George F., Wm. H., James 
 A., Addie L. ; lost three, Chas. E., Harriet 
 J., Lewis S. ; owns 82 acres, valued at 
 $3,280. 
 
 Parker J. F. speculator ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Patten R. C. merchant; Cherry Valley. 
 
 PEACOCK THOMAS, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 10; P. O. Cherry Val- 
 ley; born in Lincolnshire, England, Sept. 
 17, 1835 ; left there and came to the U. S. 
 and to this Co. in 1862; he works 308 
 acres ; has a fine herd of Hereford cattle, 
 all of which took the premium at the Co. 
 Fair last fall; married Miss Jeanette 
 Brunton, Feb. 22, 1855 ; she was born in 
 
 Scotland, Jan. 8, 1839; have nine chi Idren 
 
 eight sons and one daughter. 
 Pearson J. D. fiirmer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Pearson J. J. farmer; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Pearson J. J. broom manufacturer ; Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Peck Thos. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 Pell G. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. New Milford 
 Pell T., Sr., tarm ; S. 21 ; P. O. New Milford 
 Pell T., Jr. farm ; S. 21 ; P. O. New Milford 
 Perry C. farm ; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Cherry Valley 
 
 PERRY DAVID, Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 11; P. O. Cherry Valley 
 born in Cayuga Co., N. Y., July 6, 1825 ; 
 caine to this Co. in Sept., 1851 ; owns 280 
 acres, valued at $14,000; married Miss 
 (J!harity Vanalstine ; she was born in Mont- 
 gomery Co., N. Y., in Jan., 1832; married 
 in Feb., 1854 ; have two children, one son 
 and one daughter, Clark and Ella F. ; is 
 Commissioner of Highways. 
 
 Perry O. farm ; Sec. 10 ; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Peterson A. farm; S. 3; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Peterson F. laborer ; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Priest Chas. works for J. Brown ; Sec. 12 ; 
 P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Pritchard M. S. carpenter ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Pritchard Myron, carpenter; Cherry Valley. 
 
 RADIGAN JOHN, laborer; Cherry 
 Valley. 
 Reid C. H. painter ; Cherry Valley. 
 Reid J. H. constable and assessor; Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Reid James, laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Reid Robt., Sr., laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Reme Jerry, laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Riddle Eugene, grain buyer ; Cherry Valley. 
 RiddierW. O. mason; Cherry Valley. 
 
 RITENRUROH HIRAM R. 
 
 Restaurant ; Cherry Valley ; born in Onei- 
 da Co., N. Y., Jan. 5i5, 1845 ; came to this 
 Co. in 1864; married Miss Addie S. Mer- 
 rill, of Oneida Co., N. Y. ; born in August, 
 1850 ; married in August, 1864 ; have four 
 children, Eva, Irving, Edward and Faye. 
 
 Robbins Henry, laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Robinson C. W. cattle buyer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 ROWLEY AARON, Farmer; Sec. 
 7 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Ontario Co., 
 N. Y., Sept. 7, 1839 ; came to this Co. in 
 1850 ; has 77 acres, valued at $4,235 ; mar- 
 ried Miss Elizabeth Thompson ; she was 
 born in Kalamazoo Co., Mich., May 15, 
 1849; married Oct. 17, 1867; have two 
 sons and one daughter, Bertie, James and 
 Ella May. 
 
 Rowley W. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Ryerson Geo. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Ryther Dan. harness-maker ; Cherry Valley. 
 
CHERRY VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 545 
 
 Ryley Mich, section boss ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 SAYLER J. N. farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. 
 New Milford. 
 
 SANBORX B. S. Grain Buyer; Cherry 
 Valley; born iu Canada, Jiin. 23, 1846; 
 came to this Co. in Sept., 1865 : is Super- 
 visor; has four daughters, Jennie M., Liz- 
 zie D., Liliie E.,and Grace; wife was Miss 
 Anna MahafFey, born in Richmond Co., 
 (Canada, June 20, 1845; married March 
 9, 1867. 
 
 SAYRE J AS. P. Harness-Making; 
 Cherry Valley; born in Morris Co., N. J., 
 June 30, 1813'; left New York city Dec. 13, 
 183() ; arrived in Chicago Dec. 23d, and to 
 this Co. Jan. 1, 1837; is one of the oldest 
 settlers, and helped raise the first crop 
 that was raised on Big Bottoms, on Rock 
 river ; raised the first crop of broom corn 
 and made the first broom ever made in 
 Northern Illinois, in 1837 ; has been fol- 
 lowina: his trade for the past 35 years; has 
 one daughter, Mary A., now Mrs. Dale; 
 wife was Eunice C. Holden ; she was born 
 in Batavia, N. Y., May 25, 1817 ; married 
 May 13, 1849; has been Collector two 
 terms, and Constable two; has lost one 
 daughter, Clara, aged 6 years; two chil- 
 dren, Helen M., born March 26,1852 ; Clara 
 E., Sept 26, 1854. 
 
 Schommaker Rev.A.H. Methodist Minister; 
 Cherry Valley. 
 
 Shean S. farm; Sec. 4; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Sheehy Edw. laborer; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Shipe A. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Shipe B. F. renter; Sec. 17; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Shirley C. W. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Shirley S. W- farmer; Sec. 24; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Slater W. J. merchant; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Slater Wm. merchant; Cherry Valley. 
 
 SLATER WM. & SO^r, Dealers in 
 Groceries, Crockery, Hats, Caps, Boots 
 and Shoes, and Notions ; Cherry Valley ; 
 Wm. Slater is a native of England; he 
 came to the U. S. and located in Rockford 
 in 1852; they have carried on the above 
 mentioned business in Cherry Valley since 
 , 1872. 
 
 Smith J. C. wagon-maker.; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Snider Daniel, laborer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Staif C. A. laborer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Staff N. P. laborer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Stackey H. M. farm ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Stigraan C. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Straw John, livery; Cherry Valley. 
 
 STRINGER I^E\nS E. Black- 
 smith and Wagon-maker; Cherry Valley; 
 born in Franklin Co., N.Y., in 1822; came 
 to this Co. in 1851 ; he has been married 
 twice; first wife was Miss Jane Seiger; 
 
 she was born in the same place, ISlov. 12, 
 1830; she died Aug. 8, 1856; was married 
 again to Jane E. Nonhue; she was born in 
 Ireland ; they were married April 22, 1859 ; 
 has three children b}^ first marriage : Mary 
 J., Lewis A. and John T. 
 
 Stringer L. A. laborer; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Swanson C. farm; S. 8: P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Swanson John, vvorks for John Brown; Sec. 
 12; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Swanson S. M. tailor ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Switts Abraham, blacksmith ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Switz Frank, drug clerk ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 TAA^Ei^R JAMES, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 3; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley; born in Shropshire, Eng., Nov. 3, 
 1817; left there and came to the U. S. in 
 1850, and to Rockford in June, 1854; owns 
 470 acres land, valued at $23,500 ; he mar- 
 ried Miss Elizabeth Rhoden ; she was 
 born in the same place, iu 1816; they were 
 married July 29, 1847; no fixmily living; 
 lost three children. 
 
 TERRY Cr. E. Farmer; Cherry Val- 
 ley; born in Oneida Co., N. Y., Nov. 14, 
 1830; came to this Co. in 1855; he was in 
 the mercantile business from 1855 till 
 1870; has no children; wife was Miss 
 Martha Brown ; she was born in Bridge- 
 water, Oneida Co., N. Y., Nov. 16, 1828; 
 they were married Dec. 14, 1856; was 
 Post-master four years. 
 
 Thompson E.A. farmer; Sec. 34; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Thompson Hiram, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. 
 Cherry Valley. 
 
 Towson John, laborer; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 TRACY JOHX, Farmer; Sec. 17; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in St. Joseph 
 Co., Mich., April 25, 1847; came to this 
 Co. in March, 1874 r Tracy Brothers own 
 130 acres land, valued at $7,800; he mar- 
 ried Miss Laura Willits; she was born 
 in Hillsdale Co., Mich., Nov. 21, 1846; 
 they were married Oct. 16, 1872; have two 
 children, one son and one daughter: 
 David C. and Mary L. 
 
 Turly A. farm; Sec. 22; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Turly J. farm ; Sec. 22 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 TIJREEY MICHAEE, Farmer; 
 Sec. 22; P. O. Cherry Valley; born in Co. 
 Roscommon, Ireland, Dec. 17, 1817; left 
 there and came to the U. S. in 1840, and 
 to this Co. in 1855; owns 160 acres land, 
 valued at $9,600; he married Miss Anne 
 Watson ; she was born in the same place, 
 in May, 1815 ; they were married Jan. 25, 
 1839 ; they have four sons and one daugh- 
 ter living: Andrew, Julia, James,Michael, 
 Jr. and Edward. 
 
 Turner E.T. farm; S.27; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Turner T. farm ; S. 27 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Turner W. farm ; S. 27 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
546 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTORY: 
 
 Vale Chas. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Vanburen L. M. physician ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 VANDERCOOK G. M. Grain 
 Buyer; Clierrv Valley; born in Rennsalaer 
 Co., N. Y., Oct. 16, 1828; came to this 
 Co. in the fall of 18-8; is one of the oldest 
 settlers; he married Miss Harriet E. Hil- 
 liard; she was born in Ohio; have seven 
 children : Emma, Ella and Frank (twins), 
 Carrie, Gertie, Elizabeth and Tillie. 
 
 Vincent Wesley, laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 WADDELL GEO. A. farmer; Sec. 6; 
 P. O. Rocklord. 
 
 Waddell G. W. farm; S. 5; P. O. Rockford. 
 Ward Geo. J. farmer ; Cherry Valley. 
 Ward N. S. carpenter; Sec. 16; P. O. Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Whitsed Benj. farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Wilcox Simeon, laborer; Cherry Valley. 
 Williamson Floyd, farmer; Cherry Valley. 
 Williamson J.retired farmer; Cherry Valley. 
 Wilmot Jos. farmer; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Winstrum 0. farmer; Sec.8; P.O. Rockford. 
 Wright Jerome, laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 1 
 
CHERRY VALLEY 
 
1 
 
GUILFORD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 549 
 
 aUILFORD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 ASHLEY ALEXANDER, carpenter; 
 Clierry Valley. 
 
 AKERI.Y "W. F. Farmer and Car- 
 penter; Sec. 35; P. O. Clierry Valley; 
 born in Delaware Co., N. Y., Sept. 12, 1832 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1856 ; owns 125 acres, 
 valued at |7,500; married Miss Adeline 
 Alexander; she was born in Otsego Co., 
 N. Y. ; married Aug. 3, 1855; have five 
 children, Ella, Freddie, Frank,Jesse, Clark. 
 
 Alverson H. B. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Andrew "W. farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Atwood P. B. farm; Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 AKER CHARLES, rents form; Sec. 28; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 B 
 
 Barrows F. rents farm; S.30; P.O. Rockford. 
 Beckenbridge H. farm; S. 9; P.O. Rockford. 
 Bluuk A. farmer; Sec. 18; P.O. Rockford. 
 Breckenbridge E.farm; S.12; P.O. Rockford. 
 Brown H. farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. Harlem. 
 Brown Jas. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Harlem. 
 Buckley And. ftirm; Sec. 29; P.O. Rockford. 
 Buckley E. E. farm ; Sec. 29 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 CAMPBELL FRANK, laborer; P. O. 
 RockfcM'd. 
 €ARMA^ OEO. W. Farmer; Sec 34; 
 P. O. Clierry Valley; born in Canada, Jan. 
 4, 1828; came to this Co. June 19, 1840, 
 and is one of the oldest settlers ; has 180 
 acres, valued at $9,500; not married; is 
 Overseer of the Highways. 
 
 CARMAN P. J. Farmer; Sec. 34; P.O. 
 Cherry Valley; born in Canada, April 22, 
 1830 ; left there and came to the U. S. and 
 to this Co. with his parents in 1840; is one 
 of the oldest settlers; has 80 acres, valued 
 at $4,000; no children ; wife was Mary A. 
 Pell, born in Elgin, Kane Co., HI, April 
 17, 1851; married Dec. -25, 1876; he went 
 to California in 1850, remained there 20 
 years, and has been here ever since. 
 
 Carman W. farm; S. 34; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Carpenter H. H. farm; S. 6; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Case Mahlon, laborer; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Chamberlin D. C. farm ; Sec. 26 ; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Chase E. W. farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Chase Jno. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Clayton W. E. farm; Sec. 6; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Clayton Wm. farmer ; Sec. ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Clerry Pat. farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 COIiE C. F. Farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. 
 Rockford; born in Kirkland, Me., April 21, 
 1842 ; came to this Co. in 1855 ; owns 5 
 acres, valued at $1,000 ; not married ; served 
 
 three years and nine months in the late 
 rebellion, in Co. E, 52d I. V. L 
 Collins G.W. farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 CONVERSE ^V1I.1.ARI>, Farmer; 
 Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford; born in Bradford 
 Co., Penn., Jan. 20, 1822; located in this 
 Co. in Oct., 1839, and is one of the oldest 
 settlers; married Matilda M. Beers; she 
 was born in Orleans Co., N. Y., Jan. 22, 
 1831 ; married Aug. 23, 1855 ; Mrs C. came 
 to this Co. in June, 1836 ; she has two chil- 
 dren by a former marriage, Emily J., now 
 Mrs. Leonard Marsh, and Amelia B. Whit- 
 tle; has 133 acres, valued at $9,810. 
 
 Cook J. N. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Cooper J. farmer ; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 CORI.ETT JAMES, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 28; P. O. Rockford; 
 born in the Isle of Man, Sept. 28, 1823; 
 left there when four years of age and went 
 to Ohio with his parents, where he re- 
 mained 16 vears, then came to this Co. in 
 1844 ; owns' 600 acres, valued at $35,500 ; 
 has been married twice; first wife was 
 Mary A. Vanalstine, of N. Y. ; married in 
 March, 1847; she died Dec. 4, 1858, aged 
 34 years, 2 months and 9 days; married 
 again to Emma A. Wood, of Genessee 
 Co., N. Y., Feb. 28, 1860 ; have twelve chil- 
 dren living; lost one; five sous and seven 
 daughters. 
 
 Cortell L. f\irmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Coy Jno. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Coy W. E. farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Coy Wm. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Cramer C. farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. Rockford 
 
 Culvin J. H. rents farm ; Sec. 26 ; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 CUMMINGS O. J. Farmer; Sec. 17; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Geauga C"., O., 
 Dec. 28, 1832; left there and came to this 
 Co. in Feb., 1844; owns 125 acres, valued 
 $7,250; married Miss Annie Butler; born 
 in Penn.; married Oct. 28, 1868; have four 
 children, Li Hie, Mary E., Abigail and But- 
 ler; served 8 months in the late rebellion, 
 in Co. D, 74th L V. L 
 
 DAVIS J. S. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 DAVIS D. A. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 24; P.O. Cherry Valley; born 
 in Canada West, Aug. 26, 1821 ; located in 
 this Co. July 6, 1839, and is one of the old- 
 est settlers; OAvns 160 acres, valued at $9,- 
 600; has been twice married; first wife 
 was Miss Nancy Horton, a native of the 
 same place; born Nov. 25, 1825 ; married 
 Nov. 24,1850; she died in March, 1869; 
 married again to Manda Leper ; she was 
 born in Unadilla, N. Y.; married Jan. 11, 
 
550 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTOKY: 
 
 
 1871 ; has seven children living, and lost 
 two by first wife; Catherine E., Wm. H., 
 Elexa J., Ella E., Susan, George, Thaddeus ; 
 Charles and John deceased. 
 
 DAVIS DAlflEL. H. Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 11; P.O. Rockford; 
 born in Southhold, Canada West, May 15, 
 1835 ; came to this Co. with his parents in 
 June, 1839, and is one of the oldest settlers ; 
 has 113^3 acres, valued at $8,000; married 
 Miss As;nes G. Patterson ; she was born in 
 Scotland, Feb. 0, 1834; married Feb. 9, 
 1858; have six children, three sons and 
 three daughters; Catherine J., Abram W., 
 D. Havry, Archie A., Grace A., Susanna B. 
 
 DAVIS THADDEITS, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 24; P. O. Cherry Val- 
 ley; born in Southhold, Canada "West, 
 London Dis't, June 17,1829; came to this 
 Co. with his parents, in June, 1839, and 
 is one of the oldest settlers ; owns 193 acres, 
 valued at $11,580; married Miss Mary A. 
 McCiary; she was born in Odondaga Co., 
 N. Y., April 26, 1834; married Dec. 10, 
 1857; have four children, two sons and 
 two daughters ; Alma, born Sept. 21, 1861 ; 
 Thaddeus G., March 15,1863; Mary E., 
 Sept. 23, 1869; Frank, July 10, 1871. 
 
 Davis W. H. rents farm ; Sec. 13 ; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 DOOLITTIiE HARRY, Farmer 
 and Stock Raiser; Sec. 11; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley ; born in Erie Co., N. Y., Oct. 24, 
 1815 ; located in this Co. in Feb., 1836, and 
 is one of the oldest settlers; owns 372 
 acres, valued at $18,500; married Miss 
 Catherine Stedman ; she was born in Mass., 
 June 10, 1820 ; married in Nov., 1838 ; she 
 came to the Co. in 1837 ; have seven chil- 
 dren, four sons and three daughters; Julia, 
 P. W, Clarinda, Amzi, Edward, Eliza- 
 beth and Austin. 
 
 Doolittle P.W. farm ; Sec. 14 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 ASTON WILLIAM, laborer; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 E 
 
 ■ppiTCH J. farmer; Sec. 12; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Foote H. farmer; Sec. 7; P.O. Rockford. 
 Forsaith Eugene ; Sec.34 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 Forsaith C. farm; S. 34; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Forsaith F.P.farm; S.34; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 Fox L. farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 GARRETT B. F. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 Garrett J. farm; Sec. 26; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Garrett R. f^irmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 GARRETT THOS. Farmer; Sec. 22; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in the Isle of Man, 
 Feb. 11, 1827; came to the U. S. and to 
 Ohio with his parents, when nine weeks of 
 age; remained there ten years; came to 
 Winnebago Co. in Aug., 1838, and is one 
 of the oldest settlers ; owns 100 acres, val- 
 
 ued at $6,000 ; married Miss Mary A. Rad- 
 cliffe; she was born in Ohio; married 
 June 6, 1852; have one son, William N. 
 
 Garrett W. M. farm ; Sec. 22 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 George Edw.tarmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 GIERERT CHAS. E. Farmer; Sec. 
 35; P. O. Cherry Valley; son of the late 
 Neziah D. Gilbert, who was born in Troy, 
 N. Y., Aug. 1, 1819 ; he came to the State 
 and to Galesburg in 1837, and to this Co. 
 in 1839, and was one of the oldest settlers; 
 he died April 25, 1876; Mrs. Celinda Gil- 
 bert, mother ot Chas., was born in Pow- 
 nei, Vt., Nov. 24, 1819; she died Oct. 19, 
 1866; her maiden name was Jewett; they 
 were married Feb. 27, 1850; left but one 
 son, Charles; he owns 120 acres, valued at 
 16,000. 
 
 Gleason A. C. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Gleason M. W. farmer; Sec. 25; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 OliEASON. S W. Post-Master; 
 Cherry Valley; born in Pownel, Benning- 
 ton Co., Vt, April 20, 1823; came to this 
 Co. in Sept., 1837, and is one of the oldest 
 settlers; has one son, Herbert; wife was 
 Miss Louisa Stetson; she was. born in 
 Chautauqua Co., N. Y. ; married Jan. 8, 
 1858 ; has been Post Master two years. 
 
 Gorham A. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 GORHAM EDWARD, Farmer; 
 Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford; born in N. Y., 
 March 1, 1814; came to this Co. in May, 
 1837, and is one of the oldest settlers now 
 living; owns 160 acres, valued at $8,000; 
 he married Miss Rhoda Marsh; she was 
 born in Cayuga Co., N. Y., June 25, 1812; 
 they were married Feb. 9, 1854; have five 
 children, three sons and two daughters, 
 living: George, Murray, Adelbert, Lucy 
 and Mary; lost one son, Charles; killed in 
 the late rebellion, near Atlanta; he be- 
 longed to the 74th I. V. I. 
 
 Gorham Geo. farm; Sec. 17; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Gorham M. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Gregory J. B. farm ; Sec. 29 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Gregory S. D. farm ; Sec. 33 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 GREEN A. J. Farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. 
 Rockford; born in Va., Aug. 7, 1735; came 
 to this Co. in 1865 ; married Miss Catha- 
 rine Reid; she was born in Scotland, Mch. 
 22, 1840; they were married Oct. 23, 1858; 
 have three children : Maggie R., born Dec. 
 22, 1860; Mary E., Jan. 10,1805 ; Agnes A., 
 Sept. 14, 1872; lost two: John W., born 
 April 1, 1864; died Aug. 12, 1871; Ida B., 
 born Jan. 8, 1868; died Aug. 25, 1871. 
 
 H 
 
 ARD J. C. farmer; Sec. 34; P. 
 Rockford. 
 
 O. 
 
 HARD GILES C. Farmer; Sec.34; 
 P. O. Rockford ; born in Addison Co., Vt., 
 Sept. 30, 1813 ; located in this Co. in Nov., 
 1836, and is one of the oldest settlers now 
 
GTJILFOKD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 551 
 
 living; owns 160 acres land, valued at 
 $11,200; married Harriet Clark ; she was 
 born in Orleans Co., N. T., Dec. 29, 1817; 
 they were married Sept. 12, 1838; have 
 two sons and one daughter : J. C, George 
 and Arabelle E. ; was Associate Judge and 
 Coroner of the Co., and has been Commis- 
 sioner of Highways about 12 years; run 
 the feriy across Rock river, at Rockford, 
 about 4 years, commencing in 1839; he 
 also opened the first mail ever received in 
 Rockford. 
 
 Hardy D. renter; Sec. 19; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hardy H. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hart A. F. farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Hartman Robt. farmer; Sec. 36; P.O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Hayes J. M. laborer; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hayes Wm. laborer; Sec.15; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Hewett J. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 H0RT0:N G. li. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 21 ; P.O. Cherry Valley; born 
 in Charleston, Montgomery Co., N. Y., 
 Nov. 24, 1813 ; came to this Co. in Nov., 
 1837, and is one of the oldest settlers now 
 livine; owns 125 acres land, valued at 
 $6,250; married Miss Jane McBride, a 
 native of Allegheny Co., N. Y. ; she was 
 born July 17, 1811; they were married 
 March 2, 1837; have two sons living; 
 Ambrose A. and Robert A., both living in 
 Iowa ; lost three sons and one daughter : 
 Mary J., Wilbur, Roger S. (killed in the 
 late Rebellion), and Frank G. 
 
 Hunt Chas. renter; Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hunt H. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hunt Ira, farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hunter D. farmer; Sec. l5; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hurlburt C. farmer; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hutchings Amasa, farmer and carpenter; 
 Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 JOHNSON NORMAN, farmer; Sec. 32; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 Johnson W. H. 
 Jones B. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 JOlfES J. P. Sec. 35; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley ; born in Chester, Warren Co., N. 
 Y., Jan. 13, 1823 ; he received a good com- 
 mon school education, at Ball's Academy, 
 Hoosick Falls, Rennssalaer Co., N. Y.; 
 at the age of 21 he commenced the study 
 of law; he graduated at the State and 
 National Law School, at Ballston Spa, 
 Saratoga Co., N. Y. ; at the age of 25 lie 
 commenced the practice of law in Troy, 
 N. Y., where he continued until the age of 
 32; he then went to Belvidere, Boone Co., 
 111., where he bought what is called the 
 Newburgh Farm, of 660 acres; up to five 
 years ago he had made a specialty of 
 stock raising and dairying; then removed 
 to Rockford, where he followed his pro- 
 fession for three years, and since that time 
 
 K 
 
 has been engaged in the grain business in 
 Chicago; he married Miss Armenia, 
 daughter of Peter Brimmer, of Peters- 
 burgh, Rennssalaer Co., N. Y., Feb. 22, 
 1851 ; they have one son and one daugh- 
 ter: J. P. B., born June (i, 1854; Mary A., 
 now Mrs. C. H.Fisher, livini;: at Monroe, 
 Ogle Co., 111.; she was born "Dec. 3, 1851. 
 
 ELLY FRANK, farmer; Sec. 28; P.O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 Kelly Jolm, farmer; Sec. 28; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Kelly Wm. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Kennedy Robt. farmer; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 KEZAR DElfSLAY, Farmer; Sec. 
 24; P. O. Cherry Valley; born in Middle- 
 sex Co., Mass., June 22, 1813; came to 
 this Co. Nov. 29, 1836, and is one of the 
 oldest settlers now living; has 100 acres 
 land, valued at $4,000; "^has been married 
 twice; first wife was Catharine Bartell; 
 she was born in N. Y. ; married Jan. 5, 
 1844; she died April 9, 1845; he was mar- 
 ried again to Amanda A. Holconib, widow 
 of Roman P.; she was born in Henrietta, 
 Monroe Co., N. Y., Jan. 11, 1821; they 
 were married Jan. 30, 1849; she came to 
 the Co. in June, 1841 ; has one son by first 
 marriage; seven children by second mar- 
 riage, six living: Chas. H., Jerome M., 
 Hosea B., Harriet M., Chas. F., Walter P., 
 and Helen A. ; Hope, deceased. 
 
 Kezar H.B. farm; S.24; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 KIRK J. H. Farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. 
 Rockford; born in Chester Co., Penn., 
 Aug. 31, 1817; located in this Co. in Mch., 
 1837, and is one of the oldest settlers; wife 
 was Miss Marcilla Dennis; she was born 
 in Canada, March 18, 1819; they were 
 married July 3, 1844; owns 150 acres 
 land, valued at $7,500; has five children, 
 two sons and three daughters: Marv E., 
 Ella M., Henry F., Wm. H. and Emma 
 M. ; is Supervisor and has been for 19 
 years; took the U. S. census in 1870. 
 
 KIirOlJD THOS. Farmer; Sec. 28; 
 P.O. Rockford; born in ttte County of 
 Donegal, Ireland, Oct., 1801 ; left there and 
 came to New York city in 1832; remained 
 there till 1870, and then came here; owns 
 197^:^ acres land, valued at $14,000; mar- 
 ried Miss Fanny Huggans; she was born 
 in County Cavin, Ireland ; they were mar- 
 ried in 1842; have five sons and one 
 daughter: Robert, Joshua, Thomas, Hany, 
 Elmer E. and Catharine. 
 
 Korte H. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Korte E. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 LAHEY JOHN, renter; Sec. 18; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 Lake J. J. farmer; P. O. Rockford. 
 Lake Robt. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 LiAKE THOS. Farmer; Sec. 2; P.O. 
 Rockford ; born in Stillweather, Somerset- 
 
552 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 shire, Eug., July 4, 1806; came to the 
 U. S. iu 1832, and located in Cleveland, 
 O.; remained there till Oct. 1, 1835, and 
 then came to Chicago ; came to Rockford 
 March 1, 1836, and built the first house in 
 the city; he entered 160 acres at tlie land 
 sale of 1839,and now owns 288 acres,valued 
 at $14,400; married Miss Lavina Atkins; 
 she was born in England, in 1806; they 
 were married in 1881 ; Mr. L. and his wile 
 are among the oldest settlers now living; 
 liavetwo children living, one son and one 
 daughter : Robt. W. and Eliza J. 
 T^AMB O. E. Farmer; Sec. 35; P.O. 
 Cherry Valley; boin in Renssalaer Co., 
 N. Y., March 12, 1817; located in this Co. 
 in Nov., 1839. and is one of the oldest set- 
 tlers; owns 90 acres land, valued at 
 $6,750: has been married twice; first 
 wife was Miss Phoebe Lowry; she was 
 born in Burlington, Vt. ; they were mar- 
 ried in June, 1841 ; married again, to Irene 
 Morse; she was born in Chenango Co., 
 N. Y., Aug. 29, 1822; married Oct. 4,1865; 
 have three children living; Ruth, Florence 
 E. and Alice M. 
 
 liAPORTE O. M. Farmer; Sec. 8; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Jefferson Co., 
 N. Y., April 10, 1834; came to Chicago in 
 April, 1838, and to this Co. in 1857; owns 
 120 acres land, valued at $8,400; married 
 Miss Elizabeth F. Benjamin; she was 
 born in Orange Co., N. Y., March 21, 
 1832; they were married Sept. 5, 1858. 
 
 Larkin O. A. farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 Larson P. tenant; Sec. 30; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 McNAIR D. M. tenant; P. O. Cherry 
 Valley. 
 McPhail A. farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Rockford. 
 McPhail A., Jr., farm ; Sec. 1 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 McPhail D. farmer; Sec. 1: P. O. Rockford. 
 
 MANlfIX« JOSIAH, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 25; P. O. Cherry Val- 
 ley; born in town of Westminster, Middle- 
 sex Co., Can., April 19, 1833; located in 
 this Co. April, 1844 ; owns 260 acres, valued 
 at $13,000 ; married MissJulia A.Hale, born 
 in New Port, Herkimer Co., N. Y., Sept. 
 23, 1838; they were married Oct. 24, 1858; 
 she died Aug. 3, 1876; has one daughter, 
 Eleanor ; was Assessor two terms, and Road 
 Commissioner a number of years. 
 
 Marsh A. A. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O. Rockford 
 
 Marsh Geo. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Marsh L. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Marsh R. farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Marsh R. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Meach S. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Miners Wm. tenant; Sec. 26; P.O.Cherry 
 Valley. 
 
 Mobarg S. laborer; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 MOIXROE OEO. E. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 31; P. O. Rockford; born in 
 
 City of Troy, N. Y., May 15, 1831 ; came 
 to this Co. in spring of 1871 ; wife was 
 Miss Margaret L. Dunn, born in Nova 
 Scotia, May 13, 1841 ; married in fall of 
 1862; has 160 acres, valued at $14,000; 
 have four children, three daughters and 
 one son : Sarah J., Louisa, Charles and 
 Gertrude. 
 
 MORTEX J. li. Farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. 
 Rockford ; born in Hamilton Co., O., May 
 11,1851; came to this Co. April 6, 1868; 
 married Miss Ettie A. Sawtell, born in 
 Belvidere, Boone Co., HI., June 22, 1853; 
 married March 13, 1873 ; have one son and 
 one daughter, Florence M., Clarence Z. 
 
 Morse A. farm; S. 26; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 Morse R. farm ; Sec. 26 ; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 MORSE S. M. Farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. 
 Rockford ; born in Chatauqua Co., N. Y., 
 Feb. 18, 1837; came to this State, to Kane 
 Co., in 1840, and to this Co. in 1861 ; owns 
 house and one acre, valued at $1,000; mar- 
 ried Miss Elizabeth I. Thoday, born in 
 Canada, March 7, 1859 ; married March 14, 
 1877; he served three years in the late re- 
 bellion, Co. A, 74th I. V. I.; wounded four 
 diflferent times. 
 
 Morse Wm. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Mulford C. farm ; Sec. 34 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 MUEFORD MRS. EUCY, Farm- 
 ing; Sec. 33; P. O. Cherry Valley; widow 
 of Wm. M., who was born on Long Island, 
 June 10, 1799; he came to this Co. in 1836; 
 was one of the first settlers; Mrs. M.'s 
 maiden name was Stuart; born in town of 
 Venice, Cayuga Co., N. Y., April 5,1817; 
 married June 6, 1841 ; he died March 2, 
 1862 ; left family six children, five sons and 
 one daughter: Eli H., Edward, John H., 
 Wm. D., Chas. L. and Mary E. ; they have 
 640 acres, valued at $44,800. 
 
 Mulford Wm. farm ; S. 34 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 NEWTON ELIAS, tenant; Sec. 3; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 Newton F. tenant ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Noble D. D. tenant; Sec. 2; P. O. Harlem. 
 Noble N. D. tenant; Sec. 2; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 PADDEN JOHN, farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 Palmer G. R. farm ; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Palmer Wm. farm; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 PARKER BRAY, Farmer; Sec. 24; 
 P. O. Cherry Valley; born in Canada, 
 March 15, 1832; came to this Co. in fall of 
 1837, with his parents, and is one of the 
 first settlers ; has 150 acres, valued at $7,500 ; 
 has been married twice; first wife was 
 Miss Elizabeth Kelley, born in State N. Y., 
 married in March, 1867 ; she died April 26, 
 1872; he married again to Sarah A. Mc- 
 Lain, born in Waukesha Co., Wis., Dec, 
 1850, married April 15, 1875 ; has one son 
 
GUILFORD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 553 
 
 by first wife, William ; one son and one 
 daughter by second, George W., Frances. 
 
 Picken C. former; Sec. 12; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Picken G. fiirmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Post J. R. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P.O.Clierry Valley. 
 
 POST ]VATHA:SflEI., Farmer; Sec. 
 35; p. O. Cherry Valley; born in Herki- 
 mer Co., JSl. Y., May 21, 1810; located in 
 this Co. June, 1839; is one of the oldest 
 settlers; owns 193 acres, valued at $13,510; 
 married Miss Eliza Rich, a native of the 
 same place, born Jan. 31, 1817; married 
 Oct. 13, 1837 ; have two sons : John R., born 
 June 1, 1842; Erwin N., Feb. 14, 1851. 
 
 Pottenger A. farm ; S. 26 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 Pottenger A. farm ; S. 27 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 Pottenger M. farm ; S. 27 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 Pottenger W. tarm ; S. 27 ; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 
 Potter C. T. laborer ; Cherry Valley. 
 
 Potter J. H. farm; S. 36; P.O.Cherry. Valley. 
 
 Poulton C. P. 
 
 POriiTOIli' T. W. Nurseryman ; Sec. 
 36 ; P. O. Cherry Valley ; born in Bucks 
 Co., Pa., March 9, 1812; left there and 
 came to this State in 1833, and has lived 
 within one hundred miles of here ever 
 since he located in this Co. in 1848 ; owns 
 15 acres, valued at $5,000; married Miss 
 Sarah E. Patterson, born in Newburgh, 
 Orange Co., N. Y., Feb. 15, 1828; married 
 Jan. 7, 1847 ; have nine children, five sons 
 and four daughters : Maria J., Sarah E., 
 Charles H., Henry J., Truman W., Wm. 
 H., Ambrose F., Mary M., Florence R. 
 
 PRATT SENECA, Retired Farmer; 
 Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford; born in Wash- 
 ington Co., N. Y., March 13, 1803 ; came 
 to this Co. Nov. 1, 1837 ; is one of the oldest 
 settlers; has been married twice ; first time 
 to Jane Woodward, born in Renssalaer Co., 
 N. Y. ; married in 1829 ; she died in 1831 ; 
 married again to Martha Clary, born in 
 N. H., Jan. 12, 18U9; married Aug. 13, 
 1846 ; she came to this Co. in 1836 ; two 
 children, Hiram and Hattie. 
 
 Pratt W. M. tenant; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 PRICE DAVID, Farmer; Sec. 15; P. 
 O. Rockford ; born in Wales, May 14, 1830 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1855; owns 220 acres, 
 valued at $11,000; married Miss Fannie 
 Jones, born in Wales, 1830; married in 
 1853; have six children: Richard, Eluor, 
 Margaret, Mary, Fannie and Frank ; served 
 3 years in late war, in Co. I), 74th I. V. I. 
 
 Pryse D. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Pryse R. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Purdy A. farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Purdy E. farmer: Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Purdy Ira, farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 RALSTON JAMES, farmer; Sec. 3; P. 
 O. Rockford. 
 Reid D. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Reid E. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 Reid John, farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford. 
 Reid Wm. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 Richardson C. A. farm ; S. 30; P.O.Rocklbrd. 
 Richardson H. farm; S. 30; P. O. Rockford. 
 Roake M. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 Robbins J. W. laborer; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 Robinson C. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 Robinson E. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 Rosenquist Charles. 
 
 Rowley A. farmer; Sec. 83; P.O.Rockford. 
 Rowley C. gardener; Sec. 29; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 ROWLEY IISAAC H. Farmer; Sec. 
 31 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Monroe Co., N. 
 Y., June 25, 1818 ; located in this Co. 1841 ; 
 one of oldest settlers ; has 120 acres, valued 
 at $7,200 ; wife was Miss Harriet A.Monroe, 
 born in Troy, N. Y. ; married in Oct., 1843 ; 
 have three sons living: Edwin R., Milton 
 C, Harry H. ; lost one, Walter, deceased. ■ 
 
 Rowley M. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 SAUNDERS AARON, farmer; Sec. 11; 
 P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Saunders T. farmer; Sec. 20; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Sanders W. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 SCOTT DAIIflEIi, Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 19; *P. O. Rockford; born in 
 Cattaraugus Co., N. Y.. Jan. 26, 1830; 
 came to this Co. in the fall of 1837, with 
 his parents, and is one of the oldest set- 
 tlers; has 199 acres, valued at $13,930; 
 married Miss Nancy J. Hayes, July 9, 
 1848; she was born in Canada, Oct. 19, 
 1831 ; have one son and one daughter, Lu- 
 ther and Annie L. 
 
 Scott Luther,farmer ; Sec. 19; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Shaw Jno. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 SMITH DABflEL, Farmer; Sec. 2; 
 P.O. Rockford; owns 82 acres, valued at 
 $4,920 ; came to the Co. in 1842. and is one 
 of the oldest settlers. 
 
 Smith David, farmer; Sec.19; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Smith G. W. farmer; Sec.80; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Smith S. farmer; Sec. 17; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Sovereign R.farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Sterling G. farm. S. 13 ; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 SWEZEY A. J. Farmer; Sec. 16; P. 
 O. Rockford; born in Chautau([ua Co., N. 
 Y., Feb. 22, 1836 ; came to this Co. and 
 settled on the place he now lives, in April, 
 1851; owns 7U acres, valued at $3,500; 
 married Miss Malinda Bruner; born in 
 Gossfield, Canada West, Oct. 10, 1843; 
 married June 28, 1806; have four children, 
 Esther, Otto, Royal and Annie. 
 
 Swezey L. S. farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 T 
 
 HOMPSON CALVIN. 
 
 TAYLOR J AS. Farmer; Sec. 31; P.O. 
 Rockford ; born in Salisbury, N. H., Sept. 
 
554 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTOKY.* 
 
 13, 1804 ; located iu this Co. ia June, 1835, 
 and is one of the oldest settlers now living ; 
 Mr. T. was the first regular Ferryman on 
 Rock river, at Rockford, has remained here 
 ever since, and has seen Winnebago Co. 
 grow to be one of the finest in the state of 
 Illinois; has 140 acres, valued at $8,400; 
 married Jane Sovereign, April 13, 1843 ; 
 she was born in Canada, Jan. 3, 1821 ; 
 she died Oct. 18, 1864 ; they have four chil- 
 dren living, and lost four. 
 
 Thompson S. farmer; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Toms Isaac, farmer; Sec. 27; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 TURXER J. M. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 26; P. O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 TURNER M. H. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 29; P. O. Rockford; born in 
 Riga, Monroe Co., N. Y., Sept. 3, 1818; 
 came to this Co. June 25, 1838, and is one 
 of the oldest settlers ; has 174 acres, valued 
 at $12,180; married Mi.ss Julia Kelley, 
 May 10, 1838; she was born in Ireland, 
 Dec. 22, 1814 ; have one daughter living, 
 Mary, now Mrs. Nathaniel Watkins; lost 
 one son, Wm. H., aged 12 years, 6 months, 
 and 5 days. 
 
 Turner S. farm; Sec. 26; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 
 VANALSTINE JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 
 28 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 VANDERCOOK WM. €. Farmer; 
 Sec. 35; P. O. Cherry Valley; born in 
 Cherry Valley Tp., this Co., Feb. 14, 1840, 
 and has lived here ever since; owns 80 
 acres, valued at $4,000; married Miss 
 Addie, daughter of A. E. Hale, April 7, 
 1870 ; she was born in Guilford Tp., this 
 Co., Jan. 28, 1841 ; have one daughter, Lou, 
 born Sept. 25, 1874; is Town Collector, 
 and was Notary Public four years ; served 
 one year in the late rebellion, in Co. E, 74th 
 I. V. I. 
 
 Van Wie J. farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 WATKINS N. W. farmer; Sec. 29; P.O. 
 Rockford. 
 Watson Peter, farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P.O. Harlem. 
 White J. D. farm; S. 24; P.O. Cherry Valley. 
 Whittle Chas. farm; Sec. 27; P.O. Rockford. 
 Whittle H. rents farm ; S. 22 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 Wilcox S. retired; S.23; P.O.Cherry Valley. 
 Wills Geo. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 WoodrufiG. farmer: Sec. 4; P.O. Rockford. 
 Worthington J. laborer; Sec. 25; P.O.Cherry 
 
 Valley. 
 Wrench W. farmer; Sec. 34; P.O. Rockford. 
 
NEW MILFORD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 555 
 
 NEW MILFORD. 
 
 B 
 
 ADAMS 'JOHN, pastor of M. E. Church; 
 New Milford. 
 AguewH. farm; Sec. 28; P. O. Kishwaukee. 
 Agnew Geo. farmer ; P. O. Kishwaukee. 
 Agnew W. J. farm; S. 21 ; P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 Aiken Dan. farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 ALDRY WM. farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. 
 New Milford. 
 
 BALDWIX BEIIfJ. Farmer; Sec. 
 11; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Banks R. farmer; Sec. 38; P.O. Kisliwaukee. 
 
 Banks S. farm laborer; Sec. 33; P. O. Kish- 
 waukee. 
 
 BARR08IS R. M. Farmer; Sec. 31 ; 
 P. O. New Milford ; born near Rockford, 
 Jul}^ 17, 1853, his father being an early- 
 settler (1840) ; moved to California in fall 
 of 1868; returned in 1871 ; married Orissa 
 B. Evans, Sept. 1, 1874; born Oct. 18, 
 1854, in Rockford, 111. ; one child, Herbert 
 H., born Jan. 1, 1876 ; owns 80 acres land, 
 worth $30 per acre. 
 
 Bartlett J. R. farmer ; Sec.22 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Bauder F. M. lives with his father, P. G. 
 Bauder; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Bauder J. J. retired farmer ; New Milford. 
 
 Bauder P. G. farm; S. 23; P.O. New Milford 
 
 Baxter C. M. farm ; S. 30 ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Baxter G. W. farm ; S.26 ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 BAXTER MRS. JOHX, P O 
 New Milford; born Dec. 29, 1800; married 
 John Baxter in 1832; came to this Co. in 
 Nov., 1843; has had eight children, Johan- 
 na, Lafaj'ette, George, Levi H., Rosetta 
 Ann, Francis Asbury, Chas. Merrit, Ed- 
 gar H. ; some of her children continue to 
 reside in this Co., others have moved to 
 other States. 
 
 Beale J. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 BETTS E. B. South Bend Mill, sit- 
 uated at the mouth of Kill Buck creek; 
 General Custom Grinding; making "New 
 Process Flour" on all grists ground; 
 P.O. New Milford; owns a half inter- 
 est in the above mill, value $6,000; 2>^ 
 miles south of New Milford; Repub- 
 lican; Baptist; born in Jenner Tp., Somer- 
 set Co., Pa., Jan. 15, 1824; came to this 
 State in 1846, and settled in Dupage Co., 
 where he lived until 1855 ; came to Winne- 
 bago Co. in 1855, where he has since re- 
 sided, except three years at Elgin ; married 
 Harriet Sterns, May 7, 1857, born in 
 Bloomingdale, Dupage Co., 111., Sept. 32, 
 1837; have four children; Mary Emma, 
 born April 13, 1859 ; Fred. Grant, March 
 2, 1865; Lloyd F., March 29, 1868; Henry 
 Sterns, Dec. 4, 1871. 
 
 Bordwell W. farm; S.31; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Boyden C. A. carpenter; New Miltord. 
 
 Brooks A. R. pastor First Wesleyan church ; 
 Kishwaukee. 
 
 BROWIV SAM'L, (Deceased); came 
 New Milford in 1886, and claimed the 
 north % "^ Sec. 24, just north of the pres- 
 ent village; married Angelina Hill, Sept. 
 8, 1839; she was born Dec. 17, 1815, in- 
 Sweden, Monroe Co., N. Y., and came to 
 this State with her father, Henry Hill, Esq., 
 in 1838, settling m Ogle Co.; has three 
 children; Jonathan Eden, born Aug. 2, 
 1840, graduated at Lombard University, 
 Galesburg, in 1860, believed to have been 
 the first native graduate; Alice M.,May 17, 
 1842; Sarah E., Feb. 24, 1848; Samuel 
 Brown was born in Decatur, Otsego Co., 
 N. Y., Oct. 11, 1809; died Aug. 2, 1866. 
 
 CARMICHAEL E. A. farmer; P.O. Kish- 
 waukee. 
 
 CAMFBEIili WM. H. Farmer; 
 Sec. 22; P. O. New Milford; born in 
 Cherry Valley, Otsego Co., N. Y., Sept. 6, 
 1882; came to this Co. March 10, 1857; 
 married Mrs. M. A. Hall, May 2, 1859 ; 
 she came to this Co. in 1840; born in Sene- 
 ca, Ontario Co., N. Y., July 9, 1827 ; two 
 children; Maud E., born April 11,1860; 
 Wm. H., Jr., March 10, 1871. 
 
 CAREY ^WAIiTER, Miller; P. O.. 
 New Milford; born at Stratford-on-Avon, 
 England, March 10, 1846 ; settled in this 
 State in 1852 ; learned his trade at Dixon, 
 111., married Mary Wornick, Jan. 25, 1871 ; 
 born Jan. 16, 1854; have three children, 
 Wm. L., Josephine and Ruth; was a mem- 
 ber of Co. D, 42d I. V. I.; wounded at 
 Franklin, Tenn. ; discharged Oct. 23, 1865. 
 
 Castle J. L. farm ; S. 30; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 Clark C. C. farm ; Sec. 25 ; P.O.New Milford. 
 
 Clark F. F. lives with his father, C. C.Clark. 
 
 Cline L. farmer; Sec. 12; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 CLOTHIER CYRUS, Farmer; Sec. 
 31- P.O. Kishwaukee; born in Oxtord, 
 Grenville Co., Ontario. May 13, 1888 ; came 
 to this Co. with his father, Freeman 
 Clothier, in the fall of 1838; lived here un- 
 til he enlisted in the 74th I. V. I. ; married 
 Louisa Van Doren, Jan. 14, 1859; have 
 four children; Wilford R., born July 22, 
 1860; Elmer, July 19, 1862; Adda M., May 
 8, 1866; Nellie M., April 3, 1870; is Con- 
 stable at the present time ; owns 88 acres, 
 worth $3,500. 
 
 Clothier F. farm ; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 Clothier G. laborer for Henry Agnew; P. O. 
 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Clothier H. L. farm; S.32; P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 CLOTHIER LEWIS, Farmer; Sec. 
 32 ; P. O. Kishwaukee ; Republican ; Bap- 
 
556 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 tist preferred; owns 48 acres, valued at 
 |3,000 ; born at Oxford Mills, Canada East, 
 Jan. 18, 1837 ; came to this Co. when quite 
 young, and returned again after an absence 
 of a few years, in 1855, living about here 
 ever since; enlisted in 14th Iowa V. I.; 
 served tliree years ; married Miss Emma 
 C. Miller, Dec. 5, 1867 ; have three children, 
 Curtis, born March 5, 1869 ; Alma, March 
 23, 1873; Mabel, April 14, 1876; Mrs. Clo- 
 thier holds the office of Post-mistress of 
 Kishwauee. 
 
 COIvE H. B. Farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. 
 New iMilford. 
 
 Colwell G. A. laborer; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 tJOXDOir mCHAEt, Farmer; Sec. 
 32 ; P.O. ivishwaukee ; owns 100 acres land, 
 value $7,000; Democrat; Catholic; born 
 in County Cork, Ireland, June, 1822; came 
 to America in 1852; lived in Wallingford, 
 Conn., 5 years; came to this Co. in April, 
 1857 ; married Katharine Dwyer, June 4, 
 1859 ; she was born in County Cork, Ire., 
 March, 1835 ; six children : Mary Ann, born 
 April 4, 1860 ; Edward and Edwin, Feb. 
 26, 1862; Wm., Jan. 28, 1864; Ellen, Oct. 
 12, 1871 ; Honora, Aug. 4, 1874. 
 
 Cone Frank, lives with father, Mander Cone. 
 
 €OKE MA:SJ'DER, Farmer; Sec. 14; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Berkshire Co., 
 Mass., June 9, 1807 ; came to this Co. in 
 1837, when it was all a new country; mar- 
 ried Esther C. Howk, from Berkshire Co., 
 Mass., in 1832; one child, born Dec, 
 1834; wife died on Lake Huron; mar- 
 ried Sarah M. Odell, April 22, 1847; have 
 had three children ; F. J., born April, 1849 ; 
 E. Frank, Dec, 1852; Hiram R, Sept., 
 1854, who died in Dec, 1874; owns 250 
 acres, valued at $16,250. 
 
 COOK «EO. H. Farmer and Stock 
 Kaiser; Sec 2; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 COONEY JXO., Sr., Harness-maker; 
 New Milford ; Independent ; Episcoi^alian ; 
 born in Co. Meath, Ireland, in May, 1827 ; 
 came to this country in Oct., 1849 ; mar- 
 ried, Aug. 1849, in Ireland, to Margaret 
 Reynolds ; born in her husband's native 
 county, in 1829 ; have seven children, Sarah 
 Ann, John, Elle, William, Emma, Carrie 
 and Eva; Mr. Cooney was in the 11th I. 
 V. C. one year, and was honorably dis- 
 charged. 
 
 Cooney J., Jr., harness-maker; New Milford. 
 
 Conrodt P. A. Sec. 12; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Conrodt W. P. farm; Sec. 12; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Corlett W. E.farm ; S. 25 ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Coshen R. S. farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 2. 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Cuddae Jas. farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Cummiugs D.farm; S.30; P.O.New Milford. 
 
 D 
 
 AVIS W. A. farmer; Sec. 32; P.O. Kish- 
 waukee. 
 
 Demming A. C. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. New 
 Milford. 
 
 Dickerman M. L.farm : S. 14; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 DICKERMAlf P. B. Farmer; Sees. 
 15 and 22 ; P. O. Rockford ; owns 160 acres, 
 value $50 per acre; born at Jewett, N. Y., 
 July 7, 1840; married Sept. 12,1865, Emily 
 F. Peck, born Sept. 13, 1841 ; came to this 
 Co. 1865; three children: Alfred Grant, 
 born Jan. 9, 1867 ; Mary Ellen, July 25, 
 1871; Edward Burton, March 26, 1873; 
 Mr. Dickerman was 2d Lieut. Co. F, 120th 
 N. Y. V. I. ; discharged at close of war. 
 
 Dorau J. farmer; Sec. 29; P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 Doran M. farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Doran T. G. lives with M. Doran ; P.O. New 
 Milford. 
 
 E 
 
 ASTMAN H. W. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 New Milford. 
 
 Eastman J. farm; Sec 36; P.O.New Milford. 
 
 Eaton M. G. farmer; P. O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 Eddy William. 
 
 Elbridge E. E. 
 
 ERFFllEYER W. G. Farmer; Sec. 
 31; P. O. Kishwaukee; owns 106 acres 
 land, value $5,300; born in Preuss Min- 
 dem, near Bremen, Germany, Nov. 8, 1841 ; 
 came to U. S. 1856; married MaryExleben, 
 Feb. 27, 1872, born 1852, near Berlin, Ger- 
 many; two children: Oliver, born Feb. 1, 
 1873 ; Emma, Oct. 30, 1875. 
 
 Evans T. W. farmer ; Sec. 34. 
 
 FANNIN H. V. insurance agent; P.O. 
 New Milford. 
 Fields E. B. S. mechanic: P.O. New Milford. 
 Fitzgerald M. farm ; P.O. New Milford. 
 Fitzpatrick T. farm ; S. 30 ; P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 Foley T. carpenter: S. 26; P.O.New Milford. 
 Fox S, J. rents farm ; P. O. Kishwaukee. 
 French S. H. physician; New Milford. 
 
 GARDNER W. H. merchant; New Mil- 
 ford. 
 
 Gilbert H. farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 OIXDER$$ GEO. Farmer; rents land 
 on Sec. 26 ; P. O. New Milford ; born in 
 Billingborough, Lincolnshire, Eng., Sept. 
 4, 1837 ; came to this country 1852, and to 
 Rockford, 1854; has lived near here ever 
 since ; married, May 29, 1856, to Miss Mary 
 E. Peck, born at Claythorpe, Lincolnshire, 
 Eng., June 8, 1836; came to this country 
 1855, and always lived about Rockford; 
 seven children; those living are: Eliza- 
 beth L., born March 15, 1857; Ira E., 
 Jan. 8,1861; Carrie, April 24, 1864; Wm. 
 Henry, Sept. 26, 1867; Lucy Rebecca. Sept. 
 3, 1870; Joseph Thomas, Oct. 19, 1872; 
 (George Harry, born Jan. 13, 1859, died 
 June 7, 1860.) 
 
 Graham A. R. rents farm ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Graham H. rents farm ; P. O. New Milford. 
 
NEW MILFOKD TOWNSHIP 
 
 669 
 
 Graves C. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Graves C. L. lives with C. Graves; P.O. New 
 Milford. 
 
 H 
 
 AGERMAN F. farmer; Sec. 30; P.O. 
 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Haight E. fJ. farm ; S. 13 ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Haight M. E. clerk ; New Milford. 
 
 Haight W. S. farm ; S. 28 ; P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 Haley Nicholas C. laborer; New Milford. 
 
 Hall L. farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 Hall Wm. farmer; Sec. 29; P.O.New Milford. 
 
 HARRIS R. H. Farmer; P. O. Kish- 
 waukee; Republican; Congregational ist; 
 Mr. Harris was born at Brattleboro, Vt., 
 Aug. 25, 1817, where he married Mary F. 
 Harris, born Aug. 30, 1817; Mrs. Harris 
 died Feb. 16, 1877 ; he came to this Co. in 
 the fall of 1839, having lived for 29 years 
 on Sec. 31, his present residence; have had 
 seven children ; those living are : Wm. H., 
 born Nov. 25, 1840; Sarah, Jan. 19, 1842; 
 Mary F., Sept. 30, 1844; Olive E., July 26, 
 1848. Mr. Harris owns 124 acres land, 
 valued at $7,500 ; has been Supervisor 2 
 years. Assessor 7, and Justice of Peace 13. 
 
 Heagle B. J. farmer and grain buyer ; Sec. 
 13; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 Hilderbrand G. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. New 
 Milford. 
 
 Hintsman M. B. wind mills; New Milford. 
 
 Hoisington H. E. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. 
 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Hoisington Harris, lives with father, H. E. 
 Hoisington; P. O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 Holden S. W. stone mason; New Milford. 
 
 UOIiDRIDG£ JOHX, Farmer; Sec. 
 12; P. O. Itocktbrd; born Spencertown, 
 N. Y., Aug. 8, 1794; enlisted in Capt. Ken- 
 nedy's Co., Col. HoiDkins' Regt. ; was at 
 battle of Fort Erie, Sept. 17, 1814; his 
 father was Lieut, in revolution ; married, 
 March 25, 1823, Rachel Briggs, born near 
 Danville, Pa., Aug. 15, 1798; came to this 
 Co. June 7, 1849 ; have had ten children : 
 George W., born March 15, 1825, died of 
 disease contracted in army May 14, 1863 ; 
 Nancy, Jan. 7, 1827, lived one month; Sa- 
 rah, Dec. 24, 1827; John Q., March 31, 
 1830; Robert B., Sept. 4, 1832; Dwight B., 
 Jan. 23, 1835, died March 12, 1863, at Mur- 
 freesboro, Tenn., member of Co. E, 74th 
 I. V. I.; Emily A., Feb. 11, 1839; Charles 
 H., May 9, 1843, died at Gallatin, Tenn., 
 Feb. 4, 1863, member Co. E, 74th I. V. I. ; 
 two others died in infancy; this family 
 has been represented in the three great 
 wars of the United States. 
 
 Horton A. C farm ; S. 29 ; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 HOTEIil^IXt} H. Farmer; Sec. 30; 
 P.O.New Milford; Republican; Meth- 
 odist; born at Bethlehem, Albany Co., N. 
 Y., Feb. 16, 1813; married March 12, 1835, 
 Mary C. Zimmer, born in Schoharrie Co., 
 
 30 
 
 N. Y., Oct. 9, 1816 ; came to this Co. March 
 26, 1857; their children are as follows: 
 Elizabeth E., born May 6, 1837 ; Catherine 
 M., July 28, 1839; Martha A., July 22, 
 1841 ; Addison H., March 22, 1844, mem- 
 ber Co. G., 45th I. V. I., promoted Lieut., 
 discharged 1863 Capt. Co. E, O. V. I.; 
 Mary H., Sept. 9, 1847; Harriet S., May 6, 
 1849, died Oct. 7, 1871; Peter G., Oct. 10, 
 1851 ; Samantha E., May 28, 1853, died 
 March 5,1855; John H., Sept. 4, 1855; 
 Charles F., Nov. 6, 1860; Carrie May, Oct. 
 25, 1862, died in few days. 
 
 Hyde B. F. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Rockford. 
 Hyde C. B. lives with father, B. F. Hyde; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 TAMES CHARLES, farmer; P. O. New 
 J Milford. 
 
 James Wm. farm; S. 22; P. O. New Milford. 
 Jarvis A. farm; Sec. 33; P. O. New Milford. 
 Jarvis M. tenant; Sec. 30; P. O. Kishwaukee. 
 Jernberg Erie, farmer ; lives with father, John 
 
 E.; P. O. Rockford. 
 Jernberg J. E. farm; Sec. 12; P.O. Rockford. 
 Johnson C. B. 
 
 JOHI^SO^f F, C. Farmer and Manu- 
 facturer of Pure Cider Vinegar ; Sec. 34 ; 
 P. O. Kishwaukee; born in this Co., April 
 21, 1843, where he has always lived ; March 
 17, 1869, married Miss Carrie E. Adams, 
 of Beloit, Wis. ; have one child living. 
 Chandler. 
 
 Johnson John, farm laborer ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Johnson Lovejoy. 
 
 Jones W. A. farm ; S. 24; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 Jones W. physician ; New Milford. 
 
 K 
 
 INGHTON BENJ. rents farm; Sec. 30; 
 P. O. New Milford. 
 
 KE^VISH IV. D. Blacksmith; New 
 Milford; born Aug. 18, 1832, at Payusville, 
 O. ; came to this Co. 1850 ; married, Dec. 5, 
 1865, Louisa G. Pease, born Dec, 1841; 
 have four children: Ida O., Hattie J., Car- 
 rie A., Charley D. ; was in Co. A, 74th I. 
 V. I.; discharged at close of war; owns a 
 homestead worth $500. 
 
 Kinghton J. rents farm; Sec. 30; P. O. New 
 Milford. 
 
 Kingsbury A. farm ; S. 32 : P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 KINGSBURY MRS. EI.IZA- 
 BETH, P. O. Kishwaukee; born in 
 Newheld, Thompkins Co., N. Y., Dec. 10, 
 1812; daughter of Benjamin and Phojbe 
 Horton, of Orange Co., N. Y. ; married 
 Elijah Miller (born iMay 27, 1804,) May 2, 
 1833; had five children: Mary A. and 
 Betsy A., born March 12, 1834, the latter 
 dying when two months of age; Martha 
 E., March 12, 1836, died June 9, 1848; 
 Obadiah A., April 18, 1838; Benjamin H., 
 Sept. 23, 1840; in this Co., Nancy Jane, 
 April 4, 1846, died Dec. 2, 1847 ; Rhoda E., 
 
560 
 
 WINNEBAGO CO DNTT DIEEOTOKY : 
 
 March 10, 1848 ; Curnelius E., May 4, 1856 ; 
 married Addison Kingsbury, Sept. 15, 
 1857 ; Mrs. Kingsbury is among tlie early 
 settlers, conning here with her father 1843. 
 
 Kinson D. farm; Sec. 32; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 Kinson J. farm ; Sec. 33; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 LAWSON JOHN F., P. O. New Mil- 
 ford. 
 
 Lawson T. F. rents farm ; S. 26 ; P. O. New 
 
 Milford. 
 Lee C. M. farmer ; lives with father, L. H Lee. 
 
 liEE lilJKE H. Sec. 29; P. O. 
 Kishwaukee; Republican; Independent; 
 born at Weston, Windham Co., Vt., July 
 28, 1828; came to this Co. May 2, 1834, and 
 settled here Dec. 3, 1854; married Mary 
 Jane Haney; born in Co. Carllon, Upper 
 Canada, June 2, 1839; has eight children; 
 Chas. N., born May 28, 1856 ; Fred J., Nov. 
 11, 1859; Frank H., Jan. 19, 1861 ; Adalece 
 J., Jan. 18, 1869; Wm. D. Oct. 19, 1871; 
 Ernest, April 19, 1873; Amos R., June 5, 
 1876 ; owns 120 acres land, worth $5,000. 
 
 Litchfield G. L. laborer; New Miltord. 
 
 McCAMMOND JOHN, laborer; P. O. 
 New Milford. 
 
 McCAMJflOXD DAXX li. Son of 
 
 William P. and Sarah E. McCammond. 
 
 McEvoy J. A. farm; rents thresher; P.O. 
 New Milford. 
 
 McEvoy J. L. farm; S.29; P.O.New Milford. 
 McMahen P. farm; S. 32; P.O. New Milford. 
 Main Jno. laborer; New Milford. 
 
 Marsh F. M. farmer; lives with father, A. M. 
 Marsh. 
 ' Marsh P. A. creamery ; New Milford. 
 
 Maxwell A. H. son of F. H. Maxwell ; New 
 Milford. 
 
 Maxwell E. L. wagon maker; New Milford. 
 
 MaxwellF. ILfarm ; S.24; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 lIIIiliARD JOHX B. (Deceased); 
 born Jan. 18, 1836, at Canaan, Litchfield 
 Co., Conn. ; married Oct. 25, 1860, to S. 
 Jane Millard ; born in New Marlborough, 
 Berkshire Co., Mass., May 7, 1837 ; came 
 here in March, 1866 ; five children ; Mattie 
 J., born Jan. 2, 1862; May, May 13, 1867, 
 died April 7, 1874 ; Jessie, Oct. 25, 1869, 
 died March 30, 1874 ; Walter E., Jan. 26, 
 1871 ; Bertha, Jan. 13, 1873, died Jan. 26, 
 1873 ; John B. Millard died April 18, 1874. 
 
 Miller C. rents farm of C. Kingsbury; P. O. 
 Kishwaukee. 
 
 Miller H. G. farmer ; Sec. 11 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 MI LEER HORACE, (Deceased); 
 born in 1798, in Berkshire Co., Mass.; 
 married Hannah Clark, of Montgomery 
 Co., N. Y., in 1817 ; moved to Livingston 
 Co., N. y., then to New Milford, in March, 
 1839 ; extensive Farmer and Stock Raiser ; 
 Republican; Methodist; member of Legis- 
 lature 1851-2 ; their home was known for 
 
 N 
 
 its liberal hospitality for many miles; Mr 
 Miller died Aug, 5, 1864; Mrs. Miller, Sept. 
 14, 1877 ; they left six children ; G. Clark, 
 Sarah A., N. Eliza, Horace G., Caroline 
 H., and Wm. H., all residents of this Co. 
 
 Miller J. P. farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Monroe L. farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Monroe M. C. farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Moore T. R. farm ; S. 12 ; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 Morey J. W. farmer; Sec.ll ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Morey Walter, rents farm; Sec. 11; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 MORRIS JOSEPH ». Farmer; 
 Sec. 28; P. O. Kishwaukee; born in Cole- 
 ville, Broome Co.,N. Y., Dec, 1806 ; came 
 to Ottawa, 111., in 1834, and to this Co. in 
 1836 ; settled at the mouth of the Kish- 
 waukee; married Nancy McCammond, 
 Nov. 29, 1846 ; she was born Nov. 27, 1816 ; 
 have had five chidren, those living are 
 Reuben, born Sept. 8, 1849 ; Anna, Oct. 13, 
 1859; owns 70 acres of land, worth $2,700; 
 Republican; Methodist. 
 
 Morris R. M. 
 
 UTT MORRIS, farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. 
 New Milford. 
 
 IfORTO]^ A. K., M. ». Physician 
 and Surgeon ; New Milford ; born at Byron, 
 Ogle Co., Aug. 13, 1850 ; his parents were 
 early settlers of that Co., and descended 
 from Revolutionary ancestry, of Benning- 
 ton, Vt. ; graduated at Chicago Medical 
 College, 1872; was on the stafi' of Mercy 
 Hospital, Chicago, one year; Assistant 
 Physician of Sanitary Department of Re- 
 lief Paid Society, and for the winter of 
 1873 Superintendent of the Department. 
 
 PACKARD JOHN, Sr., laborer; New 
 Milford. 
 
 PARlS'EL.Ii J. Farmer; Sees. 32 and 
 29; P. O. Kishwaukee; Republican; Pro- 
 testant; born in' August, 1824, at St. Win- 
 now Parish, Cornwall Co., England; emi- 
 grated to America June 19, 1854; married 
 Feb. 13, 1864, to Winifred Larkin, born in 
 Kings Co., Ireland, Dec. 25, 1836, and 
 came to America when 19 years old ; set- 
 tled where they now live, in March, 1867; 
 have had six children, those living are 
 James, born August, 1860, son of Mrs. Par- 
 nell; Louisa, May 5, 1866; Matilda, Feb. 
 24, 1869 ; Charles H., Sept. 30, 1870 ; owns 
 140 acres land, worth $7,000. 
 
 Pope J. farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 PREXTICE JOHX, Farmer; P.O. 
 Kishwaukee; Republican; Methodist pre- 
 ferred; owns 160 acres of land in Ogle Co., 
 value $9,600, and 49 acres on i?ec. 30 in 
 this Tp., value $3,500 ; Mr. Prentice is a 
 native of Allegheny Co., N. Y. ; came to 
 this Co. in Sept., 1842, and settled at the 
 mouth of the Kishwaukee, living there 15 
 years ; he moved to Ogle Co. ; returned to 
 this Co. in fall of 1877; mai'ried Anna 
 
NEW MILFORD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 561 
 
 R 
 
 McCammoud, in 1848 ; she died in 1857 ; 
 one child, Willinm, born in 1850; second 
 wife was Adaline L. Banlis, born Aug. 29, 
 1838 ; married Oct. 3, 1857 ; have ten chil- 
 dren, Mary M., born Aug. 31, 1858; Francis 
 E., March 29, 1860; Orville I., April 18, 
 1862; Benjamin F., Feb. 26,1864; Ward 
 L., May 9, 1866 ; Sarah F., Aug. 29, 1868 ; 
 Adda A., Nov. 1, 1«70 ; Maggie E., Sept. 
 12, 1872; Johnnie C, May 8, 1874. 
 
 PRICE EDWARM E. Farmer; 
 Sec. 29; P.O. Kishwaukee; owns 175 acres 
 land, value $15,175; born in Montgomery- 
 shire, North Wales, in 1835 ; came to U. 
 S. in 1851; married Sarah E. Goodhue, 
 Sept. 23, 1859, born Aug. 16, 1836, in this 
 Co. ; married her first husband, Wm. H. 
 McCammond, Jan. 13, 1856, by whom she 
 had one child, Daniel L., born Dec. 14, 
 1856 ; Mr. and Mrs. Price have had seven 
 children; Margaret E., born Nov. 14, 1860; 
 Edward J., April 10, 1863; Thomas A., 
 Oct. 7, 1865; Albertie E., May 31,1868; 
 Lillie F., Aug. 21, 1871 ; Leora and Leo- 
 nora, Aug. 26, 1874. 
 
 Price L. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 ADCLIFF CHARLES, farmer; lives 
 with his father, T. Radcliff. 
 
 RADCIilFF THOS. Farmer; Sec. 
 
 23 ; P. O. New Milford. 
 Radcliff T.farm ; lives with father, T.Radclift. 
 
 RAMSEY AI>l>IIS01i, Farmer; Sec. 
 34; P. O. New Milford; Rep; Ind; came 
 to this Co. with his father, Samuel Ram- 
 sey, in the fall of 1840, and has lived in 
 this township ever since; married Miss A. 
 E. Munger, Oct., 1855, born Jan. 16, 1834, 
 died June 19, 1858; one child, Louilla, 
 
 born May 1, 1856 ; married, Dec. 27, , 
 
 Catherine A. Dickerman, born Feb. 12, 
 1827, at Lexington, Green Co., N. Y. ; owns 
 146 acres land, worth $9,000. 
 
 Richards E. C. wagon maker; New Milford. 
 
 Rose J. C. farm; Sec. 30; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Rosecrans J. E. physician ; New Milford. 
 
 ROTH^TEJLIL ROBERT, Farmer; 
 Sec. 32; P. O. Kishwaukee; born in Lan- 
 cashire, Eng., June 2, 1803 ; came to U. S. 
 1826; married, in spring of 1829, Susan 
 Andrus, daughter of a revolutionary sol- 
 dier ; she was born Jan. 13, 1797, at Berk- 
 ley, Mass.; they lived in Ohio five years; 
 came to this Co. April, 1837; have lived 
 here ever since; have one son, William, 
 born Feb. 19, 1838. 
 
 Roth well W. A. farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. New 
 Milford. 
 
 Rowley B. rents farm; Sec. 1 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 SAXBORN GEO. C. Teacher; New 
 Milford; Rep.; Univ; born in Dubuque, 
 Iowa, June 7, 1853; came to this Co. 1863; 
 married, March 28, 1876, CoraE. Allen, of 
 Shabbona Grove, where she was born, Sept. 
 10, 1857, her father, Capt. M. V. Allen, 
 being an old settler in that vicinity. 
 
 Seek Geo. W. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. O. New 
 
 Milford. 
 Shefiield W. D. rents farm ; P.O. New Milford. 
 Shipe 1. N. farm; S. 26; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 SHUMWAY I>. S. Farmer; Sec. 21; 
 P. O. Rockford ; born Jamaica, Windham 
 Co., Vt., March 27, 1803 ; married, Nov. 20, 
 1825, Sal lie Greeley, a relative of Horace 
 Greeley, of N. Y. City; slie was born Feb. 
 8, 1806, at Andover, Windsor Co., Vt.; 
 they came to this Co. 1836, and have lived 
 on the same section since their first settle- 
 ment, when but two buildings were to be 
 seen, a log house and a shanty ; have had 
 eight children, five living: Romauzo, 
 Rolenzo, Alvaro, Holland, Monroe; Mr. 
 Shumway bore a conspicuous part in the 
 early settlement of the county. 
 
 J^HUM WA Y R. B. Farmer and Stock 
 Dealer; Sec. 27; P. O. New Milford; born 
 May 25, 1835; came to this Co. May 29, 
 1836; one of the oldest settlers in the Co; 
 married March 2, 1856, Sarah Hall, born 
 in Canada; have six children: Alva E., 
 Carrie F., Hattie M., Nora J., Minnie C. 
 and Harry ; has filled the offices of As- 
 sessor 4 years. Road Commissioner 3 years, 
 Township Treasurer, and until 1876 has 
 been School Director since 22 years of age. 
 
 Smith J. T. farm; Sec. 33; P.O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 Stevens G. farm; S. 28; P. O. Kishwaukee. 
 
 npAYLOR DR. L. P. New Milford. 
 
 USHER JOHN A. rents farm; Sec. 36; 
 P. O. New Milford. 
 
 WARD J. C. farmer; Sec. 2; P.O.Rock- 
 ford. 
 IVARD B. B. Farmer; Sec. 2; P.O. 
 Rockford; born in Taburs, Oneida Co., 
 N. Y., Nov. 24, 1859 ; came to this Co. in 
 1865; lived at his present residence with 
 his father, J. C. Ward, ever since. 
 Ward E. rents farm ; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 WATSON JOHN S. Farmer; Sec. 
 32; P. O. New Milford; born in Coventry, 
 Eng., Aug. 19, 1820; came to U. S. June, 
 1835 ; lived at Weedsport, N. Y., Ohio 4 
 years, Indiana 6 years; came to this Co. 
 May 16, 1846 ; married, Dec. 9, 1847, Abbv 
 L. Stickney, i)orn March 25, 1825, at Ad- 
 dison, Addison Co., Vt., came to N. Y. 
 1830, to this Co. Oct., 1846; five children: 
 Robert S., born Oct. 13, 1848; Elizabeth, 
 Feb. 21, 1850; Thomas F., May 21, 1853, 
 died of excessive cold in mountains of 
 California ; Eva A., March 24, 1859 ; George 
 C., Jan. 3, 1868 ; Robert was a member of 
 Co. G, 9th I. V. C. 
 
 Watson R. farm ; S. 32 ; P. O. New Milford. 
 
 Waugh A. M. farm ; S. 13 ; P.O.New Milford. 
 
 Weeks H. J. lives with father, R. C. Weeks. 
 
 Weeks R. C. farm ; S. 26; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Wilcox 1. L. farm; S. 13; P.O. New Milford. 
 
 Wilcox W. M. lives with father, E. S. Wilcox. 
 
 Wilson G. farm; S. 24; P. O. New Milford. 
 
562 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIREOTOKY! 
 
 PECATONICA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 A DAMS JOHN, Pecatonica. 
 
 ADAMS DANIEL D. Farmer; Sec. 
 3; P. U. Pecatonica; born near Saratoga 
 Springs, N. Y., Sept. 29, 1835; married 
 Miss Olive, daughter of Ashel and Cliar- 
 lotte Satterlee, of Oswego Co., Jan. 27, 
 1851 ; lias one daughter, Arabel, born Oct. 
 31, 1851; came to this Co. in 1865; owns 
 29 acres, worth $1,160; daughter is mar- 
 ried to Frank B. Campbell, of DurandTp. ; 
 Republican; Independent; has been five 
 years School Director. 
 
 Almquist A-ndrew, shoemaker; Pecatonica. 
 
 Almquist John, R. R. hand ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Anderson Chas. laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Anderson Chas. farmer ; Sec. 9. 
 
 ANDERSOIir ElilPHAIiET, 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Pecatonica; born 
 in Penn., in 1831; came to this Co. in 
 1861; owns 120 acres of land; has held 
 office of School Director; married Miss 
 Isabella Comly, Aug. 3, 1858 ; she was born 
 in Penn. ; has four children ; Wm. C, born 
 Dec. 19, 1859 ; Ada L., April 13, 1863 ; Mary 
 E., Dec. 18, 1866 ; Martha B., Dec. 15, 1872. 
 
 AliTDERSOX J AS. Farmer; Sec. 14 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Penn., 1835 
 came to this Co. in 1855 ; owns 210 acres 
 is School Director and Road Commis 
 • sioner; married Miss Amelia Clark in 
 1862 ; she was born in N. Y. ; has two chil- 
 dren, Blanche and Howard. 
 
 Anderson John, Sr., farmer; Sec. 17. P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 Anderson John, Jr., farmer; Sec. 17. P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 Anderson Wm. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Anderson "W. B. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Andrus C. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BELLICK EDWARD, farmer; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 BARlrOCtA JNO. B. Farmer; Sec. 
 7 ; P. O. Pecatonica ; born in Wis. in 1854 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1875 ; owns 185 acres. 
 Bertrand W. harness-maker ; Pecatonica. 
 Bessey Anson, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 BESSEY SOIiO^T, Farmer; Sec. 32; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Franklin Co., 
 Vt., in 1809 ; came to this Co. in 1846 ; has 
 held offices of School Director and High- 
 way Commissioner; owns 65^^ acres, value 
 |60 per acre; married Miss Lydia Sumner, 
 in 1833; she was born in N. Y., in 1819; 
 has four children living; Julia V., Sarah 
 J., Charles H., and Edna E. ; lost one son 
 and four daughters. 
 
 Best H. B. laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Best W. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Blair Frank, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BLAKE JXO. Farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. 
 Pecatonica; born in Georgia, Franklin Co., 
 Vt.. March 31, 1813; married Au^. 12, 
 1841, to Miss Miranda, daughter of Asa 
 and Mary Barker, of Swanton ; came with 
 his young wife to the West in the follow- 
 ing month, and drove to Durand, where 
 he located; he drove the first single buggy 
 in that township ; lived there 15 years ; haul- 
 ed his grain, dressed cattle and hogs to mar- 
 ket in Chicago, Milwaukee and the Wiscon- 
 sin Pineries, over hills, sloughs, and often- 
 times deep and turbulent streams, lying 
 many nights under the twinkling stars, 
 contemplating the works of the Creator or 
 listening to the howling wolves that not 
 unfrequently came to reconnoitre the 
 wagon loaded with the butter and cheese 
 his good wife had made ; has six children : 
 Milan A., Harlow E., Andrew S., Hervy J., 
 Mary A., and Sarah A. ; aged in the order 
 named, 34, 31, 27, 23, 20 and 18 years; 
 1733^^ acres, valued at $8,000 ; Republican ; 
 Methodist; served three years as School 
 Director. 
 
 Bond J. S. grain dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Bowerman A. M. mason ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Brannen G. farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Brewster B. wagon maker ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Brewster J. A. wagon maker ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Brown A. L. farm ; Sec. 25 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Brown A. W. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Brown Jas. laborer; P. O. Pecatonica, 
 
 Brown J. D. farm ; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BROWllii' JNO. Farmer; Sec. 36; P.O. 
 Pecatonica; born in Northumberland Co., 
 Penn., in 1813; came to this Co. in 1861; 
 has been School Director eight years ; mar- 
 ried Miss Lucy Ludwig in 1837 ; she was 
 born in Union Co., Penn. ; has six children 
 living, Margaret J., Mary H., John A., 
 Abram L., James D. and Charles H. ; lost 
 four sons and two daughters. 
 
 Brown A. John, farmer ; Sec. 25. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 
 Brown Wm. stock dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Bucklin August, farmer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Bucklin John, farmer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 BUCKLIX L. R. Retired; Pecaton- 
 ica; born in N. Y., in 1824; came to this 
 Co. in 1863 ; owns 100 acres of land ; mar- 
 ried Miss Lorinda Salisbury in 1850 ; she 
 was born in Erie Co., N. Y. ; has three 
 children, Francis, Winslow and Rodney; 
 lost one daughter, Nettie. 
 
 Bull D. sewing machine agent ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Burnham Milo, cabinet-maker; Pecatonica. 
 
PBCATONICA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 563 
 
 Burrage Jos. brewer ; Pecatonica. 
 Burr age Wm. brewer; Pecatonica. 
 Burt A. D. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 Buttolph J. retired; Pecatonica. 
 
 c 
 
 AMPBELL A. merchant ; Pecatonica. 
 
 CABLE EZRA S. Farmer; Sec. 5; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Litchfield Co., 
 Conn., Sept. 24, 1797; married Miss Pa- 
 melia, daugliter of Job and Louisa Fenn, 
 of that Co., Jan. 1, 1826; moved to Ohio; 
 lived in Portage Co. 8 years ; was Justice 
 of the Peace ; came to this Co. and located 
 on his present farm in 1837, bringing wife 
 and four children all the way m an ox 
 team, 3(5 days on the road ; there were then 
 several Vermont and some Ohio fiimilies 
 in the settlement; had seven children, five 
 are living; Cornelia, born in Conn., Nov., 
 1826; Malvina, in Ohio, Dec, 1829; Laura 
 C, Oct., 1833; Mary M., in this Co., Nov., 
 1838; Louisa, Nov., 1840; Republican; 
 Independent; was Trustee of School Fund 
 and served two terms as County Commis- 
 sioner ; owns 430 acres, valued at $26,000 ; 
 his golden wedding was celebrated in a 
 most sumptuous and pleasant manner on 
 New Year's day, 1876. 
 
 Campbell A. merchant ; Pecatonica. 
 
 CAMPBEIili ARBA Z. Farmer; 
 Sec. 9; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Durand 
 Tp., in 1853; owns 181 acres; married Miss 
 Eliza Hulse, in 1872; she was born in this 
 Tp. ; has one son, Daniel Ward ; lost one 
 son, Starr Hamlin. 
 
 Campbell Wm. Pecatonica. 
 
 CAMPBEIil. ZE:^^0 A. Farmer; 
 Sec. 5; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Durand 
 Tp. in 1843; owns 253 acres; has held 
 office of School Director and Road Com- 
 missioner; married Miss Catharine Hulse 
 in 1865 ; she was born in this Tp. ; has two 
 children, Walton and Merton. 
 
 Carpenter A. B. wagon-maker; Pecatonica. 
 
 Carpenter G. clerk ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Cense John, mason ; Pecatonica. 
 
 CHAPMAX D. A. Farmer; Sec. 23; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Essex Co., N. 
 Y., in 1827 ; came to this Co. in 1850 ; owns 
 209 acres of land ; has been School Direc- 
 tor many years; married Miss Elizabeth 
 Worcester, in 1849 ; she was born in N. 
 Y. ; has seven children living, Martha S., 
 Fidelia E., Mary F., Laratte, Louis A., 
 Ellen I. and Grace ; lost one son, Wilbur E. 
 
 CHAIillERS JAS. Restaurant and 
 Confectionery ; warm meals at all hours ; 
 Rockford bread received daily; home- 
 made pies, cakes, etc.; ice cream by 
 the dish or quantity, and all kinds of 
 fruits, nuts, canned goods, etc. ; Pecaton- 
 ica; born in N. Y., in 1842; came to this 
 Co. in 1863 ; enlisted in the late war and 
 served two years, in the 18th I. V. I. ; mar- 
 
 ried Miss Frances Jones, in 1863 ; she was 
 born in N. Y. ; has four children, Harvey, 
 Bell, Minnie and Aaron. 
 
 Chandler L. L. farmer; Sec. 33. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 
 Chandler W. S. farmer. 
 
 CI.ARK HENRY S. Farmer; Sec. 
 6; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Onondaga 
 Co., N. Y., Jan. 1, 1841 ; parents came to 
 this Co. when he was three years old ; en- 
 listed May 11, 1861; was mustered into the 
 15th I. V. I., Co. C, May 24, 1861 ; was in 
 battle of Shiloh, siege of Corinth, battle of 
 Hatchie, siege and battles of Vicksburg 
 until its fall, second battle of Champion 
 Hills, and Sherman's raid to Meridan; 
 mustered out at Huntsville, Ala., May 24, 
 1864; came home; married Miss Louisa, 
 daughter of Ezra S. and Pamela Cable, 
 Aug. 18, 1864; has five children; Frank 
 H., born July 23, 1865 ; Edith L., Feb. 14, 
 1867; Ezra J., Sept. 25, 1869; Amos C, 
 Sept. 17, 1871; Mabel, Jan. 12, 1874; lives 
 in the homestead ot his father, James M. 
 Clark, who is now in his 73d year, having 
 only one other living child, John F., whose 
 home is in Iowa ; Henry S. owns 80 acres 
 in Durand Tp., valued at $4,000 ; Republi- 
 can ; Independent ; has been Commissioner 
 of Highways, Collector and School Di- 
 rector. 
 
 CL.ARK J AS. Retired Farmer; Peca- 
 tonica; born in Norfolk, England, in 1804; 
 came to this country in 1836 ; lived in N. 
 Y. three years, and came to this Co. in 
 1839 ; owns 120 acres ; married Miss Phoebe 
 Newton, in 1825 ; she was born in England, 
 and died in 1874; has eight children liv- 
 ing, John, Robert, James N., Franklin, 
 Newell D., Duane O., Margaret and Eliz- 
 abeth; lo.st two daughters, Martha and 
 Emily ; one son, Isaac, enlisted in the 74th 
 I. V. I., and died from wounds received at 
 the battle of Kenesaw Mountain. 
 
 Clark N. D. carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Clark Richard, carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Coffin R. B. farmer ; Sec.33 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Colberg J. B. wagon-maker; Pecatonica. 
 
 Colburg John, wagon-maker ; Pecatonica. 
 
 COIiBY XATE li., of the Pecaton- 
 ica NetDs; born in Beloit, Wis., in 1854; 
 came to this Co. in 1872 ; is associated with 
 his brother under the name of Colby 
 Brothers, as editors and publishers of the 
 Pecatonica News. 
 
 COI.BY W. A. Editor Pecatonica 
 Newfij horn in Fall River, Mass., in 1846; 
 lived in Beloit, Wis., 25 years previous to 
 his removal to this Co. in 1873; he is 
 associated with his brother in editing and 
 publishing the Pecatonica News, and at 
 that time the only paper published in the 
 Co. outside of Rockford; married Miss 
 Millie B. Quaile, in 1873; she was born in 
 N. Y. ; have two children, Jessie and Effie. 
 
564 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIBECTOKY: 
 
 /" 
 
 COIiBY BRO^. Publishers and pro- 
 prietors Pecatonica News, published every 
 Saturday morning. 
 
 Cole Wm. organ artist; Pecatonica. 
 
 €OI.lSMA»f K. B. Grocer; Pecaton- 
 ica; born in N. Y. in 1822; came to this 
 Co. in 1889; owns 329 acres of land in this 
 Co., and is the oldest house in trade in the 
 town ; married Miss Emily F. Thompson 
 in 1847; she was born in Ohio; have one 
 child, Lizzie. 
 
 Coleman A. L. teamster; Pecatonica. 
 
 Collison Augustus, farmer; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 Collison Chas. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Colvin P. patent right dealer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Constine Mike, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Cook H. M. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Coolidge N. T. agricult'l imps. ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Coon Chas. egg dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Corwin E. W. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Corwin S. A. brick manufacturer. 
 
 Cross Thomas, butcher ; Pecatonica. 
 
 CRO^WIiEY IV. A. Hardware, Agri- 
 cultural Implements, etc.; Pecatonica; 
 born Vt. June, 1819 ; came to this Co. 1837 ; 
 owns 240 acres, value $55 per acre ; has 
 held office School Director, Collector and 
 Town Trustee; married Miss Eliza N. 
 Campbell 1841, born inVt. ; have seven 
 children: Flavilla, Flora M., Laura, Wm. 
 A., Eddie P., Newman, Sarah E. ; estab- 
 lished the first hardware store in Pecatonica 
 in the autumn of 1854. 
 
 CROWLEY yV. A. & SOX, Deal- 
 ers in Light and Heavy Hardware, Stoves, 
 Tinware, Wood Stock and Agricultural 
 Implements. 
 
 ANFORTH SYLVESTER, retired; 
 Pecatonica. 
 Darriugton W. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 Davenport Thos. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Day W. G. carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 Dayly James, Pecatonica. 
 DeCote John, painter ; Pecatonica. 
 DeCote Joseph, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 I>ET WILDER HESfRY, Farmer; 
 Sec. 14; P. O. Pecatonica; born France 
 1823; came to this Co. 1871; owns 117 
 acres; married Miss Charlotte Bloch 1847, 
 born in France ; have eight children : Char- 
 lotte, Henry, Caroline, Katie, Minnie, 
 Louisa, Sophia and Christine; lost one 
 son and one daughter. 
 
 DIXON JOHX P. Livery Stable; 
 Pecatonica; born Ohio 1830; came to this 
 Co. 1850; married Miss H. L. Stevens 1855, 
 born in N. Y. ; has held offices Constable 
 and Town Trustee. 
 
 DIXON JOSEPH. Grocer; Pecaton- 
 ica ; born England 1839 ; came to this Co. 
 1871; married Miss Jennie Clark, born 
 
 D 
 
 Syracuse, N. Y. ; have one adopted daugh- 
 ter, Carrie. 
 
 Disbrow A. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Doliver 6. B. musician; Pecatonica. 
 
 Doty M. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Dunbar H.S. mason and plasterer ;Pecatonica. 
 
 ASON GILES, blacksmith ; Pecatonica. 
 
 E 
 
 Eaton H.J. farmer; Sec. 36; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 Eddy David, retired; Pecatonica. 
 Edwards H. plasterer ; Pecatonica. 
 Eggleston A. farm; Sec. 13; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 Eggleston O. farm ; Sec. 13 ; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 Eggleston Wm. blacksmith; Pecatonica. 
 Elliot G. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 EMERY S. S. Druggist; Pecatonica 
 born Ohio 1836 ; came to this Co. 1839 
 associated in business with Z. A. Trull 
 has held office School Director 6 years, is 
 President of the Board ; married Miss Marv 
 S. Hisey 1863, born in Springfield, O.'; 
 have six children: Estie B., Forest, 
 Wilbur, Frank, Daisy and Charles. 
 
 EMERY & TRUEIv, Druggists and 
 
 Pharmaceutists. 
 Erwin James, track boss; Pecatonica. 
 Eveleth W. farmer; Sec. 14; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 FARWEIiE H. B. Attorney; Peca- 
 tonica; born Stephenson Co. 1845; came 
 to this Co. 1860; has held offices of Justice 
 of Peace and Police Magistrate; married 
 Miss N. F. Fleming 1870, born in Durand 
 Tp., this Co.; have one child, Birdena; 
 lost one child. 
 
 EEIiTS A. M. Groceries, etc.; Peca- 
 tonica; born Durand Tp., this Co , 1837; 
 owns 193 acres land ; married Miss Fla- 
 villa Crowley 1863, born in this Co. May 
 5, 1841 ; have one child, Flora A. 
 
 Ferguson Marshal, farmer; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 Ferguson Monroe, farmer; P. 0. Pecatonica. 
 
 Fisk J. W. miller; Pecatonica. 
 
 FLiEMIXG- E. Contractor and Builder; 
 Pecatonica; born in N. Y. in 1838; came 
 to this Co. in 1867 ; owns 80 acres ; married 
 Miss Mary Conger in 1861 ; she was born 
 in N. Y. ; have four children : Fred, Isra- 
 ella, Frank and Maud ; he enlisted in the 
 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery and served two 
 years. 
 
 Floden John, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Floren Alfred, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica, 
 
 Flowers L. D. cooper; Pecatonica. 
 
 Foster J. lime burner; S. 10; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 Foster N. T. lime burner; Sec. 10; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 Fowler R. M. barber ; Pecatonica. 
 
 French Everett, retired ; Pecatonica. 
 
 French F. photographer; Pecatonica. 
 
PECATONICA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 565 
 
 FREKCH IRVIX, Dealer in Lumber, 
 Lath, Shingles, Cedar Posts, Sash, Doors 
 and Blinds, at lowest rates; come and see 
 me ; I sell onl}^ Michigan Lumber, best of 
 Fencing and Common Lumber; anyone 
 in need of Window Blinds, or Door and 
 Window Screens, will do well to call and 
 see stock and samples ; Pecatonica. Born 
 in Ohio in 1833; came to this Co. in 1849; 
 has held offices of Supervisor, School 
 Trustee, etc. ; married Miss Sarah Whit- 
 tlesey, March 8, 186U; she was born in 
 Ohio; have three children: Josephine, 
 Nellie and Gertie. 
 
 Fuller T. W. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Funnel Geo. stock dealer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Funnel Jas. butcher ; Pecatonica. 
 
 GARVER JOHN, farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 GAFFIX HARVEY, Retired Farm- 
 er; Pecatonica; born in Upper Canada in 
 1829 ; came to this State in 1837, and to 
 this Co. in 1873; owns 12 acres land; mar- 
 ried Miss Mary West in 1855, who was 
 born in N. Y. ; have three children : James, 
 Otha, Frances. 
 
 Garver M. L. farmer; Sec. 29. 
 
 Gill John, retired ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Golly Andy, telegraph operator ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Golly A. A. baker ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Golly Thomas, horse dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Goodrich Chancey, Pecatonica. 
 
 OO^BRICH liEWIS, Teacher; Pe- 
 catonica; born in N. Y. in 1840; came to 
 this Co. in June, 1854; has been Principal 
 of the School at this place over six years; 
 married Miss Laura Campbell in Dec, 
 1872; she was born in Vt., and died July 
 16, 1876; has one child, Lewis. 
 
 Goodwell Ford, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Gorham Geo. blacksmith ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Gorman D. 
 
 GOUCHER HEXRY B., M. D., 
 
 Physician and Furniture Dealer; Peca- 
 tonica; born in O., Nov. 13, 1810; came to 
 this Co. Dec. 25, 1855 ; married Miss A. 
 McCormick in 1831 ; she was born in 
 Penn., and died in 1860; he again married 
 Mrs. Delia A. Walker in 1873 ; she was 
 born in N. J.; has four children : William 
 M., Nancy R. and Marceneus C. by former 
 marriage; one daughter, Floretta Mabel, 
 by second marriage. 
 
 Graves Frank, mason ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Groves T. D. jeweler; Pecatonica. 
 
 OREEX EliBRIDGE, Farmer; Sec. 
 33; p. O. Pecatonica; born in Mass. in 
 1810; came to this Co. in 1855; married 
 Miss Mary Ann Brewer in 1836; she was 
 born in Mass. ; have six children : Maria 
 A., Sarah, George, Louisa, Emily, Leonard ; 
 lost one son and two daughters. 
 
 Green Ezra, retired former; P. O. Pcca- 
 tonica. 
 
 GriLFORD EI.1JAH B. Farmer; 
 
 Sec. 28; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Mass. 
 in 1824; came to this Co. in 1835; owns 
 430 acres land ; Mr. Guilford is one of the 
 oldest settlers of the Co.; has held office of 
 Town Trustee; married Miss Jane Butler 
 in 1852; she was born in N. Y. 
 Guilford S. farmer; Sec. 21; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 HAGGLUND PETER, farmer; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 Hallick A. M. farmer ; Sec. 32. P. O. Peca- 
 toniea. 
 
 Hallick Reuben, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Hallick Wm. farmer; Sec. 32. P. O. Peca. 
 tonica. 
 
 Hamilton C. farm; Sec. 19; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 HAMIl-TO:^ R. G., m. D., Physi- 
 cian and Surgeon; Pecatonica; born in 
 Me. in 1828; came to this State in 1848, 
 and to this Co. in 1874; married Miss 
 Mary Home in 1852, who was born in Old- 
 town, Me. ; have two children : Harlus W. 
 and Royal Graves. 
 
 Hance Eugene, farmer ; Sec. 12. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 
 Hance Ogdin, retired ; Pecatonica. 
 Hance Royal, farmer ; Sec. 13. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 Hance Thomas, stock dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 Harril John A. clerk ; Pecatonica. 
 Harley Robert, butter dealer. 
 Harrensten John, grocer ; Pecatonica. 
 Hassel Fred, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Hasting J. L. manufacturer; Pecatonica. 
 
 HAUGHTOJf AARON, Farmer and 
 Blacksmith; Sec. 3; P. O. Pecatonica; 
 born in Cheshire, Eng., Sept. 8, 1834; 
 came with parents to this Co. in 1842; 
 married Miss Ann M., daughter of Samuel 
 and Lydia Sarver, Feb. 23, 1858; she was 
 born in Bradford Co, Penn., May 1, 1840; 
 have five children: Altha I., born May 30, 
 1860; Lewis F., April 9, 1864; Ettie A., 
 July 17, 1866; Lydia J., Feb. 17, 1871; 
 Edith A., June 7, 1873; served in Co. C, 
 146th L V. I., from Aug. 30, 1864, until 
 close of war; honorably discharged at 
 Cairo, June 12, 1865; owns 137 acres, 
 valued at |5,480; Independent in politics 
 and religion; is Commissioner of High- 
 ways and School Director. 
 
 Haughton C. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Haughton J. farm; Sec. 3; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 HAIJGHTOX BfYE, Farmer; Sec. 10; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in England in 
 1838 ; came to this Co. in 1843 ; owns 100 
 acres land; married Miss S. C. Sarver in 
 1859; she was born in Penn.; have three 
 children: Effie E., Alice C. and Jessie J. 
 
 Hawbright Jos. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 
566 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTOBY: 
 
 Henderson Alick, barber ; Pecatonica. 
 Henderson J. C. farmer; Sec. 33. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 Hewit E. W. painter; Pecatonica. 
 Hibbard Henry, carpenter; Pecatonica. 
 Hibbard Wm. painter; Pecatonica. 
 Hitchcocli Geo. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Hill E. railroad hand. 
 Hill Webb, salesman ; Pecatonica. 
 Holemburg Gus, farmer; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 Hobson W. farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 HOLliSIf Bl^CK SILAS C. Farm- 
 er; Sec 32; P.O. Pecatonica; born in Ohio 
 in 1824; came to this Co. in 1845; owns 
 192 acres; holds offices of Supervisor and 
 Road Commissioner; married Mary A. 
 Reed in 1848; she was born in N. Y. ; 
 have three children : Francis A., Julia and 
 Edward H. ; lost one son. 
 
 Holmes James, miller ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Hooker Geo. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hubbard Rev. G. B. clergyman. 
 
 Hulse Enos, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hulse Jacob E. farmer; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hulse J. S. stock dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 TACKSOlf JOH5f D. Cooper and 
 %j General Auctioneer ; Pecatonica ; born in 
 England in 1831 ; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 has held office of Supervisor 2 years and 
 School Director 9 years; married Miss 
 Prudence Button in 1854 ; she was born in 
 England; have ten children: Emma D., 
 Linnia J., Edward S., Mary B., Nettie, 
 Stella, Walter, Charles, Mabel, and J. D. ; 
 lost one daughter, Nellie. 
 
 JAYtJAR OLIVER, Farmer; Sec. 
 31 ; P.O. Pecatonica ; born in N. Y. in 1818 ; 
 came to this State in 1837; was engaged 
 in business as a painter for 25 years in 
 Chicago; married Mrs. Maria Halstead in 
 1865, daughter of Elbridge Green, Esq. ; 
 have four children : Edward G., Laura B., 
 Howard O. and Harry J. ; owns 105 acres; 
 his father settled in this place in 1838. 
 
 Johnson Wilson, farmer; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 Jordan T. A., M. D., physician; Pecatonica. 
 
 JU«J> CYRUS B. Farmer; Sec. 14; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in St. Lawrence 
 Co., N. Y., in 1838; came to this Co. in 
 1854; owns 190 acres land; married Miss 
 Maria Kellogg, Dec. 26, I860; she was 
 born in same place ; have one daughter, 
 Laura Belle ; has been School Director 7 
 years. 
 
 Judd John B. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Judd J. L. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 
 KEATING JAMES, farmer; Sec. 16. 
 P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Keating J. H. farmer ; Sec. 16. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 
 Keating Michael, farmer ; Sec. 16. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 Kendrick Rufus, butcher ; Pecatonica. 
 Kendrick T. H. butcher ; Pecatonica. 
 Kerr J. R. station agent ; Pecatonica^ 
 Kerr Peter, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Kerr Peter, Jr., fireman ; Pecatonica. 
 Keyes Geo. W. stationer ; Pecatonica. 
 Kidder B. F. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 KIDDER li. L. Retired; Pecatonica; 
 born in Ohio, in 1832; came to this Co. in 
 1861; owns 120 acres land; lived in Cali- 
 fornia 10 years previous to his coming to 
 this Co. ; holds office of Assessor ; married 
 Miss Celia Searls, in 1866; she was born 
 in Ohio ; have two children, Nellie E. and 
 Ernest R. ; lost three. 
 
 Kirk Geo. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Kling Gus, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Kling Joel, carpenter; Pecatonica. 
 
 K^fOWLTON H. W. Banker; Peca- 
 tonica; born in Freeport, Stephenson Co., 
 in 1839; came to this Co. in 1873, and es- 
 tablished, in connection with his father 
 and brothers, the present bank, of which 
 he is Cashier; he married Miss Kate 
 Alton, in 1862 ; she was born in Dunkirk, 
 N. Y. 
 
 KIlfOWLTON BROS. Proprietors 
 Pecatonica Bank; receive deposits, buy 
 approved paper, buy and sell exchange, 
 and do a general banking business. 
 
 Kurch Peter, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 EE JAMES, farmer; P. 0. Pecatonica. 
 
 L 
 
 LATHAM C. H., M. ». Physician ; Pe- 
 catonica; born in Jo Daviess Co., in 1853; 
 came to this Co. in 1876; he married Miss 
 Lillie Underwood, in 1876; she was born 
 in Mass. 
 
 Leland James, carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Linquist John, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Lonburg Peter, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 LOVELESS A^fDREW J. Black- 
 smith; Sec. 3; P. O. Pecatonica; born in 
 Bradford Co., Pa., in 1833; married Miss 
 Deborah C, daughter of Thomas and 
 Hester Brown, of that Co., Sept. 29, 1860 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1861 ; enlisted in 1st 
 111. Lt. Art., Capt. J. Cheney, Aug. 15, 
 1862; served 3 years; was in battles of At- 
 lanta, Jackson, Dalton, Pine Mountain, 
 Peach Tree Creek, Buzzard Roost, Mis- 
 sion Ridge, Kenesaw Mountain, Jones- 
 boro, and others through the campaign to 
 the last battle of Nashville; was honor- 
 ably discharged, at Chicago, July 15, 1865 ; 
 has five children: Adrian, born Feb. 23, 
 1862; Amelia C, Aug. 11, 1867; Perley, 
 Sept. 9, 1871; Andrew A., July 3, 1874; 
 Susan, May 10, 1876; Independent in 
 politics and religion. 
 
/ 
 
 / 
 
 PECATONICA 
 
PECATONICA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 569 
 
 Lynnyberg N. painter; Pecatonica. 
 
 M 
 
 cCARTY JEREY, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 McDowell Tlios. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 McFarland J. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 McFarland J. farm; Sec. 4; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 McLaughlin Pat. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Maguire Dr. veterinary surgeon ; Pecatonica. 
 Maloney John, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Marks G. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Marston C. A. clerk ; Pecatonica. 
 Marston C. N. clerk; Pecatonica. 
 Martin Perry, teacher; Pecatonica. 
 Maryhen A. J. retired; Pecatonica. 
 Maynard A. S. butter dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 Merrill John, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Milkes Thos. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Miln G. B. grocer; Pecatonica. 
 Milne Robert, farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Miller A. G. retired; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 MII^I.ER CHAKIiES W. Justice 
 of the Peace ; Collection, Insurance, and 
 Real Estate; all business attended to with 
 promptness and accuracy; Pecatonica; 
 born in Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1842; came 
 to this Co. in 1841; enlisted in 134th 111. 
 Inf. in the late war ; has held office of Po- 
 lice Magistrate 4 years previous to his 
 election of Justice of the Peace. 
 
 Miller Giles, retired; Pecatonica. 
 
 Miller Henry, Pecatonica. 
 
 Miller J. C. 
 
 Misson A. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Misson Henry, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Mitchell Abraham, Street Com; Pecatonica. 
 
 Mitchell David, retired; Pecatonica. 
 
 Mitchell Wm. cooper; Pecatonica. 
 
 Morgan T. P. grain buyer. 
 
 Morse T. J. bridge builder ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Mullican J. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Murphy Mike, blacksmith; Pecatonica. 
 
 MYERS C. Farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. 
 Pecatonica; born in Germany, in 1843; 
 came to this country in 1857, and to this 
 Co. in I860; owns 135 acres; married 
 Miss Rena Atwood, in 1868; has one 
 child; lost four. 
 
 Myers Joseph, farmer. 
 
 NAGLE JACOB, farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 Neigh Amos, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Nelsen G., Sr., retired ; Pecatonica. 
 Nelson John, farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 ITEWEIili D. Physician and Surgeon; 
 born in Penn., in 1832 ; came to this state 
 in 1856 ; to this Co. in 1867 ; practiced his 
 profession for 20 years; married Miss 
 
 Hawkins in 1864 ; sae was born in N. Y.» 
 and died in 1866; in 1875, he married 
 Mrs. J. B. Thompson, who was born in 
 N. Y. ; had one child by first marriage, 
 Albert Hawkins. 
 
 Newton G. A. shoe maker. Pecatonica. 
 
 Newton H. B. painter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Norton C. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 9BRIEN John, Jr., clerk; Pecatonica. 
 
 o 
 
 O'BRIElf JAMES, Proprietor Peca- 
 tonica House; this house is kept in a first- 
 class style, is convenient to the depot, and 
 is fitted up in good condition for the ac- 
 commodation and comfort of guests ; terms 
 reasonable; good stabling in connection 
 with the hotel ; Mr. O'Brien was born in 
 N. Y., in 1837; came to Wisconsin in 
 1855; to this Co. in 1874; married Miss 
 Annie Simpson, who was born in England; 
 have two children, Mamie and Willie; 
 lost one daughter, Nellie. 
 
 O'Brien J. foreman lumber yard ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Olin Dyer, carpenter; Pecatonica. 
 
 Olin Norman, carpenter; Pecatonica. 
 
 OlilVER GEORtJE, Farmer; Sec. 
 23; P. O. Pecatonica; born in England, 
 April 12, 1815; came to this country in 
 1840; he owns 201 acres; married Miss 
 Sarah Hill in 1838; she was born in 
 England ; have three sons, George, John, 
 James; lost five sons and two daughters. 
 
 Oliver G., Jr., farm ; Sec. 23; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 OEIVER JAMES, Proprietor Peca- 
 tonica Carriage Factory ; Manufacturer of 
 Fine Carriages, Buggies, Wagons, etc., 
 also general jobbing and repairing neatly 
 done; horse shoeing and all kinds of 
 iron work done on short notice ; prices as 
 low as the lowest ; he was born in N. Y., 
 in 1851 ; came to this Co. in 1855 ; has been 
 established in business 2 years. 
 
 Oliver J. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 PASH PETER, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 PADD<ICK li. A. Merchant; Peca- 
 tonica; born in N. Y., in 1846; came to 
 this Co. in 1868 ; he is associated with B. 
 D. Perley in business as General Dealers 
 in Hardware, Groceries, Boots and Shoes, 
 etc.; he married Miss Ella E. Perley, in 
 1870, who was born in Stephenson Co.; 
 has two children, Genevieve and Anna. 
 
 Past T. B. 
 
 Patridge E. C. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Patterson David, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Patterson W. R. mason ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Perley B. D. merchant; Pecatonica. 
 
 Perley E. D. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 PEREEY PlITMEX, Retired; Pec- 
 atonica; born in Essex Co., Mass., in 
 1810; came to this state in 1838; owns 20 
 
570 
 
 WINNEBAGO COTJNTT DIKECTOKT: 
 
 acres ; has held offices of School Director, 
 Assessor, and Justice of the Peace; also 
 Treasurer of the school fund while living 
 in Stephenson Co. ; he married Miss Sarah 
 P. Dow, in 1834, who was born in Mass., 
 and died in 1847 ; he afterwards married 
 Miss Hannah K. Morrill, in 1849; she 
 was born in N. H.; has four children, 
 Frederick P., Benjamin D., Ella E., and 
 Joseph W. 
 
 PERI.EY & PADDOCK, Dealers 
 in Hardware, Groceries, Boots and Shoes. 
 
 Peterson Abram J. carpenter; Pecatonica. 
 
 Peterson Andrew, farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Peterson Chas. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Peterson Gus. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Peterson J. O. tailor; Pecatonica. 
 
 Peterson John, farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Peterson Swan, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Pettibone E. D. blacksmith ; Pecatonica. 
 
 I'lato A. merchant; Pecatonica. 
 
 Plato Byron, salesman ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Plumb J. M. painter; Pecatonica. 
 
 Pomerov T. A. carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Prisler Geo. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 PRISLER JOSEPH, Farmer; Sec. 
 14; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Penn. in 
 1809; came to this Co. in 1843 ; owns 160 
 acres land ; he married Elizabeth Johnson 
 in 1845 ; she was born in Penn. ; has one 
 son, Geo. W. 
 
 Putney P. O. farmer; P. 0. Pecatonica. 
 
 R 
 
 EAD DANIEL, merchant ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Read J. A. 
 
 Redlin Chas. laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 Redlin Wm. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Richardson D. farm ; S. 7 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Richardson P. farm ; S. 7 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 ROBERTS ^WAI^TER, Confection- 
 ery and Restaurant ; Pecatonica ; born in 
 N. Y. ; came to this Co. in 1872; is asso- 
 ciated in business with Geo. Lawson; style 
 of lirm, Roberts & Lawson. 
 
 ROBERTS & LiAlVSOX, Restau- 
 rant and Confectionery. 
 Rodd John, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 Rodd John, Jr. tailor ; Pecatonica. 
 Rogers Aaron, farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Rogers C. P. night watchman ; Pecatonica. 
 Rogers G. D. cabinet maker ; Pecatonica. 
 Rogers John, painter ; Pecatonica. 
 Rogers O. C. fiirmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Rogers S. R. laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 Rork W. S. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 Rowley S. B. shoemaker; Pecatonica. 
 Ruudell S. 
 Runion Geo. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Ryan John, carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 Ryan S. J. carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 SABIN S. cabinet maker and furniture 
 dealer; Pecatonica. 
 
 SALISBURY FRAXCIS, Farmer 
 and Merchant; Pecatonica; born m N. Y., 
 in 1822; came to this State in 1854; owns 
 253 acres land in this State, and 640 acres 
 in Iowa; has held office of Supervisor; 
 he married Miss Jane Scott in 1845, she 
 was born in N. Y. ; have six children, 
 Mary, Frances, Franklin E., Jennie, Sarah 
 and Douglass; lost one son and one 
 daughter. 
 
 Salisbury Frank, grocer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 SAIilSBURY & HARREN- 
 
 STEIX, Dealers in Groceries, Boots 
 and Shoes. 
 
 Salisbury "Wm. stock buyer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Sanborn Geo. grain and stock dealer; Peca- 
 tonica. 
 
 SAU^SfDERS R. H. Farmer; Sec. 25; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in North Wilkes, 
 Eng., in 1828; came to this Co. in 1849; 
 owns 970 acres .farming land and 261 
 acres timber; has been School Director 
 many years ; married Miss Emily Anyon, 
 in 1850; she was bora in London, Eng. ; 
 have ten children, Frederick R., Annie B., 
 Marian C, Thos. H., Frank E., Walter S., 
 Herbert E., Richard S., Alice E. and Geo. 
 M. ; lost one daughter, Florence. 
 
 Scanlon Pat, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Scott Robt. stock dealer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Segeistrom L. merchant; Pecatonica. 
 
 Seymour A. J. Lightning Cure mnfr. ; Pec-, 
 atonica. 
 
 SHANE JAS. J. Carpenter and 
 Builder ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Pecatonica ; born 
 Wilmington, Will Co., May 24, 1847; 
 came to this Co. in 1863 ; married Adeline, 
 daughter of Samuel and Lydia Sarver, 
 July 7, 1869; have two children, Emily 
 Gemellah, born March 5, 1870; Elmer 
 Ellsworth, March 21, 1877 ; Independent 
 in religion and politics ; went to Chicago 
 after the great fire, worked there at his 
 trade two years, and returned. 
 
 Shane Jos. carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Shaver flarvey, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 SHEPARD C. C. Dealer in Groceries, 
 Provisions, Crockery and Glassware ; Pec- 
 atonica; born in Mass. in 1835; came to 
 this State in 1854 ; jnarried Miss Elizabeth 
 Palmer in 1854; she was born in N. Y., 
 and died in 1855; holds office of Town 
 Clerk. 
 
 Shepherd Frank, papor and rag dealer; Pec- 
 atonica. 
 
 Shepherd J. M. constable ; Pecatonica. 
 Shepherd S. F. clerk ; Pecatonica. 
 Sherman A. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
PECATONICA TOWNSHIP, 
 
 571 
 
 Simmon E. E. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 SII?IM«WS C. A. Farmer; Sec. 27; 
 P.O. Pecatonica; born in Medina Co., O., 
 in 1S35 ; came to this Co. in 1853 ; owns 
 115 acres land; has held otHce of School 
 Director; married Miss Mary A. Hutch- 
 ins, in 1855; she was born m N. Y. ; have 
 six children, Calvin, Ellen, Stella, Anna, 
 Austin and Fred. 
 
 Simmers Geo. painter; Pecatonica. 
 
 Smith H. R. laborer; Pecatonica, 
 
 SMITH IS!«iAAC O. Farmer; Sec. 4; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Illinois, in 1844; 
 came to this Co. same year; holds office of 
 School Director; owns 40 acres land; he 
 married Miss Mary Hulse, in 1869; she 
 was born in this section; have three chil- 
 dren, Mary Belle, Oscar B., and Chip A. 
 
 Sodders Henry, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Sprague Philander, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Stenston Mike, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Stewart Geo. gardener ; Pecatonica. 
 
 ISTEVENS C. €. Harness Maker; 
 Justice of the Peace; collections, etc., 
 promptly attended to; Pecatonica; born 
 in N. Y., in 1832; came to this Co. in 1855; 
 has held offices of Justice of the Peace, 
 Town Trustee, etc.; married Miss Augusta 
 Cleaveland, in 1854; she was born in N. 
 Y. ; have two chiirtren, Frank C. and Em- 
 ma E. 
 
 STEVEUfS (C. C.) & SOX, Harness 
 
 Makers. 
 Stevens E. C. retired ; Pecatonica. 
 Stevens F. C. harness maker; Pecatonica. 
 
 STITSEIi D. A. Dealer in Hardware, 
 Iron, &c. ; Pecatonica; born in Penn., in 
 1828 ; came to this Co. in 1854 ; has held 
 office of School Director; married Miss 
 Mary N. B. Brown, in 1861 ; she was born 
 in Mass. 
 
 Stockburger Dan. blacksmith; Pecatonica. 
 
 Stockberger Chris, farm ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Stockberger Fred, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Stockberger F., Jr. blacksmith; Pecatonica. 
 
 Stork John, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 STRUCK PETER W. Carpenter 
 and Builder ; Pecatonica ; born in Penn., 
 in 1842; came to this Co. in 1863; enlisted 
 in 143d I. V. I., and served till the close 
 of the war; married Miss L. Rogers, in 
 1874 ; she was born in N. Y. 
 
 Swarts Phil, clerk ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Swift E. D. carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Swift Leonard, farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 TAYLOR JOHN, farmer; P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 Taylor Lyman, organ grinder; Pecatonica. 
 Terney Frank, blacksmith; Pecatonica. 
 
 THOMPSON ABRAHAM, Farm- 
 er; Sec. 24; P. O. Pecatonica; born in 
 
 Ohio, in 1825; came to this Co. in 1840; 
 owns 100 acres land ; has held office of 
 School Director; he married Miss S. 
 Downs, Sept. 4, 1847; she was born in 
 Conn.; have ten children living, Frank, 
 Ellen, Albert, Melvina, Henry, Bertha, 
 William, Minnie, Eddie, and Charlie; 
 lost one son. 
 
 Thomson A. farm ; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Thomson A. W. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Thomson J. M. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Thomson J. W. retired ; Pecat(mica. 
 Tierney Wm. blacksmith ; Pecatonica. 
 Tollman Fred, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 Tollman Henry, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 TOWN O. C. Postmaster; Pecatonica; 
 born in Penn., in 1841 ; came to this Co. 
 the same year; enlisted in the 11th I.V.I. , 
 and served 4 years; has held office of 
 Town Trustee and Town Treasurer; mar- 
 ried Miss A. Crary, in 1865 ; she was born 
 in Ohio. 
 
 TRtJIvIi Z. A. Druggist; Pecatonica; 
 born in N. H., in 1841, and came to this 
 Co. in 1850; is member of the firm of 
 Emery & Trull; married Mrs. M. D. 
 Belden, in 1875; she was born in Fre- 
 donia, N. Y. ; two children, Florence and 
 Linnie. 
 
 Tuttle Henry, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 TIJTT1.E ISAAC C. Farmer; Sec. 
 34; P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. H., in 
 1820; came to this Co. in 1862; owns 140 
 acres land ; has been School Director and 
 Town Trustee ; married Louisa J. Low, in 
 1846, who was born in the same place; 
 have six children, Henry C, Jacob E., 
 Hattie L., Daniel P., Frank S., and 
 George I. 
 
 VANANTWERP ADAM, farmer; Sec. 
 33; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Vanantwerp Geo. farmer; Sec. 33. P. O. 
 
 Pecatonica. 
 Vanantwerp Miron; farmer; Sec. 33. P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 VAX HYKE A. S. Attorney; Peca- 
 tonica; born in N. Y., in 1810; came to 
 this State in 1841, and to this Co. in 1854; 
 has held offices of Town Clerk, School 
 Director, Supervisor, Justice of the Peace 
 and County Judge; married Miss Mary 
 Burbank in 1844; she was born in Ver- 
 mont; has one child, Mrs. S. M. Grover, 
 wife of F. D. Grover. 
 
 VAX ETTEX BEX J. Farmer; 
 Sec. 22; P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y., 
 Feb. 28, 1804; came to this Co. July 16, 
 1837; owns 162 acres land; had held office 
 of School Director and Treasure)- School 
 Fund; married Miss A. Grover, in 1837; 
 she was born in N. Y. ; has three children 
 living, Thomas, Mary and Frank; lost one 
 daughter, Ruth. 
 
572 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Van Elten F. farm; Sec.22; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 Van Kirk Geo. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Van Kirk W. B.farm ; S.13; P. O.Pecatonica. 
 
 VA5f KIRK IVM. P. Farmer; Sec. 
 13; P. O.Pecatonica; born in N. J., in 
 1816; came to this Co. in 1854; owns 90 
 acres land; married Miss Ann Moore in 
 1840; she was born in N. J.; lias seven 
 children livinp;, Wm. B., Josephine, Geo. 
 L., Mary A., Emma E., Charles M., and 
 Walter "S. ; lost one daughter. 
 
 Vanort Fred, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Vanort T. J. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Vanvalkenberg Ad. farmer ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Vanvalkenberg E. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Vanvalkenberg H. farmer; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Van Vleck C. laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Van Vleck R. laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 w 
 
 ALLIS WILLIAM, plasterer; Peca- 
 tonica. 
 
 liVAIililS A. J. Druggist and Apothe- 
 cary; Pecatonica; born in Rockford, Aug. 
 3, 1853 ; married Miss Ella Miller in 1875 ; 
 she was born in Winnebago Co. 
 
 Warren Frank, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Washburn Calvin, laborer; Pecatonica. 
 
 Waters J.W. veterinary surgeon ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Waters Thos. farmer ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Waters Wesley, laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Watson Fred, farmer; Sec. 13. P. O. Peca- 
 tonica. 
 
 WATSON P. C. Farmer; Sec. 13; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y. in 1803; 
 came to this Co. in 1845; owns 230 acres 
 land; has held office of School Director; 
 married Miss Minerva Tefft in 1829; she 
 was born in Washington Co., N. Y. ; have 
 three children, Frederick, Charles, Mary. 
 
 Wells. A. L. farmer; Sec. 34. 
 
 Welles M. W. merchant; Pecatonica. 
 
 Welch Thos., Jr., carpenter ; Pecatonica. 
 
 White H. farmer ; Sec. 9. 
 
 Winchester John, butcher; Pecatonica. 
 
 Wing Wm. carpenter; Pecatonica. 
 
 IVOIiVEX JXO. W. Retired Farm- 
 er; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Green Co., 
 N. Y., in 1830; came to this Co. in 1851; 
 owns 862 acres land ; has held office of 
 School Trustee; married Miss Juliette 
 Martin in 1855 : she was born in N.Y. ; has 
 four children, Edwin J., Charles, Jessie, 
 and Georgie. 
 
 Woodruff G. H. laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Woodruff H. B. mason ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Woodruff J. P. laborer ; Pecatonica. 
 
 Wynegaj- J. farm; Sec. 18; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Wynegar L. C. farm; S. 18; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 ■\7"0UNG A. C. Pecatonica. 
 Young Henry, plasterer ; Pecatonica. 
 
SEWABD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 573 
 
 SEWARD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 ANDREW A. B. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 Andrews David W. Sec. 4; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BAI^LARD SABIIX", Farmer and 
 Stock Dealer; Sec. 3; P. O. Pecaton- 
 ica; born in Rliode Island, in 1826; came 
 to tins Co. in 1866; owns 123 acres; mar- 
 ried Hannah Witliey, in 1850; she was 
 born in Conn., and died in 1863 ; has one 
 son, named Andrew. ^ 
 
 Bebb M. S. farm ; S. 34; P.O. Fountain Dale. 
 
 BENEDICT MRS. F. Widow; Sec. 
 8; P. O. Pecatonica; boi'n in Ohio, in 
 1834; came to this Co. in 1849; married 
 Richard Benedict, Sept. 15, 1853 ; he was 
 boi-n in Onondaga Co., N. ;Y., in 1837 ; 
 he died Aug. 31, 1877; has six children, 
 J. Nettie, Ernest R., Marion A., Ralph D., 
 Helen M., John E. 
 
 Benedict F. A. farm ; Seel ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Benedict J. A. farm ; Sec.30 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BEICSOJi' FRA:SfCIS R. Farmer; 
 Sec. 6; P. O. Pecatonica; born in this 
 Tp., in 1846; owns }^ interest in estate of 
 173 acres; his father, William Benson, 
 was one of the early settlers of this Tp., 
 and was employed by Frink & Walker 
 many years as Stage Driver; he died in 
 1864. 
 
 Bibbins W. H. farm ; Sec.2 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Brailhwait J. farm; Sec.31 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BRIDGEI.A:SfD A. Farmer; Sec. 35; 
 P.O. Elida; born in England, in 1816; 
 came to this country in 1837 ; to this Co. 
 in 1846 ; owns 320 acres ; has held office 
 of School Director for years ; he married 
 Miss Hannah Wright, in 1847; she was 
 born in England; has six children, Mary, 
 Sarah A., Ellen C, William, George D., 
 Martha. 
 
 Brooks R. H. carpenter ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Pec- 
 atonica. 
 
 BROWX GEO. H. Farmer; Sec. 16; 
 P. O. Pecatonica ; born in Penn., in 1828 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1856; owns 100 acres; 
 he married Helen Kuney in 1855; she 
 was born in Penn. ; died in 1863 ; he mar- 
 ried Sally Lutes, in 1864, who was born in 
 Penn.; three children by first marriage, 
 Ida E., Samuel S., John H. ; five children 
 by second marriage, Emma V., Georgi- 
 anna, Myrtle R., C. Grant, and Freddie H. 
 
 Bubu G. H. farmer; Sec. 30. 
 
 Burdick L. L. farm; S. 13; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Burdick W. farm; Sec. 13; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Burk J. farmer; Sec. 27; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BIJRCH €. R. Farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. 
 Pecatonica ; born in Penn., in 1838 ; came 
 to this Co. in 1859 ; owns 160 acres ; en- 
 
 listed in the 15th Regt., I. V. I., in the late 
 war; has held offices of School Director 
 and Road Commissioner; married Miss 
 Whittlesey, daugliter of Eliphalet Whit- 
 tlesey, in 1863; riu; was born in this town; 
 have two children, Charles W. and Eli- 
 phalet Chauncey. 
 
 Burtch N. E. farm ; Sec.ll ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 Businga M. farmer; Sec.21 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 CALDWELL JAMES, farmer; Sec. 4; 
 P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Caldwell John. 
 
 Carson A. T. teamster ; Pecatonica. 
 Clark J. T. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 Clark John, farmer ; Sec.23 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 Clark Jonathan, farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 
 CliARK ROSWELIi, Farmer; 
 Sec. 4; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Ver- 
 mont, in 1808 ; came to this Co. in 1856 ; 
 owns 57 acres land ; married Miss Mary 
 Walton, who was born in Mass. ; have three 
 children living, Hannah A., Elbert J., and 
 E. Dell; lost two sons, James A. and 
 Alonzo Walton ; the latter enlisted in the 
 44th Regt., I. V. I., as a private, and mus- 
 tered out as Major; Elbert J. has served 
 three years as Asst. Surgeon in the army. 
 
 CliARK SAMUEL., Farmer; Sec. 
 
 16; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Norfolk, 
 
 England, in 1814; came to this Co. in 
 
 1845; owns 98^ acres; married Mary A. 
 
 Money, in 1835^ she was born in England; 
 
 his second wifewas Maria H. Manchester; 
 
 she was born in N. Y. ; had six children 
 
 by first marriage. 
 Cleveland Albert, farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 CliEVELAND HERVEY S. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Pecatonica; born 
 in Washington Co., N. Y., in 1831 ; came 
 to this Co. in 1859; owns 320 acres; holds 
 office School Director; married Miss A. 
 Curtis, in 1857; she was born in N. Y. ; 
 have one son, Hervey S. ; lost three 
 children. 
 
 CLEVELAITD W. J. Farmer; Sec. 
 38; P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y., in 
 1829; came to this Co. in 1854; owns 200 
 acres ; has held offices of School Director, 
 Road Commissioner, and Town Clerk; 
 married Miss Jane E. Curtis, in 1853 ; she 
 was born in N. Y. ; have six children, 
 Albert, Maria, Adella, Herbie, Clara, Ira. 
 
 Clickman C. farm ; Sec. 10 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Clikeman Peterson, farmer ; Sec. 3. 
 
 Clikeman Peter, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 
 Cole S. W. mason; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
574 
 
 WINNEBAGO COtTNTY DIKECTORY: 
 
 COMI.Y CHARLES, Farmer; Sec. 2 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Penn., in 1814 
 came to this Co. in 1855; owns 360 acres 
 he married Miss Mary Ludwig, in 1836 
 she was born in Penn. ; have eleven chil 
 dren, Lucy, Isabel, Maria, Caroline, Cath- 
 arine, Mary, Thomas, Abraham L., Charles 
 H., John B. and Edwin D. 
 
 Comly L. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Comly T. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Conger D. farmer; Sec.29; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Conger F. farmer; Sec.29; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 CONGER JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 29; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y., in 1811; 
 came to this Co. in 1866; owns 160 acres; 
 married Miss Sarah Johnson, in 1838, who 
 was born in N. Y. ; has six children liv- 
 ing, Mary, Ancy, David, Frank, Ira, and 
 Katie. 
 
 Conover H. farmer; Sec. 6; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 CONOVER MRS. SL.YV1A, 
 
 Widow; born in Conn., and removed to 
 Stuben Co., N. Y., in 1820; came to this 
 Co. in 1838; taught school in N. Y. 8 
 years; married Morris D. Pierce, in 1835; 
 he was born in Utica, N. Y. ; died March 
 18, 1844; in 1847, she married David Con- 
 over, who was born in Chambersburg, 
 Penn.; he died in 1852; has one child, 
 Mrs. Ilelen Fairchild, by first marriage, 
 and one son, Henry, by second marriage ; 
 lost one son, Fiederick, in the army. 
 
 Cooper John. 
 
 Copeland J. farm; S.34; P.O.Fountain Dale. 
 
 Cummings E. farm hand ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Cummings H. farm hand; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 D 
 
 A.UGHERTY P. C. farmer; Sec. 6; 
 P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 DAUGHERTY .TOH:^ T. Farmer; 
 Sec. P. O. Pecatonica; born in Ohio, in 
 1832; came to this Co. in 1845; married 
 Margaiet Shores, in 1842; she was born in 
 Penn.; died in ; he afterwards mar- 
 ried Laura Gibbs, in 1855; she was born 
 in N. Y. ; had two children by first mar- 
 riage, Nancy A. and John, and by second 
 marriage two, Philetus C. and William O. 
 
 Daugherty W. farm; Sec. 6; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 DAY DUDLEY \V. Farmer; Sec. 
 22; P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y., in 
 1839; came to this Co. in 1858; enlisted in 
 15th Regt. I. V. I., and served three years, 
 and was in the battles of Shiloh, Vicks- 
 burg, Jackson, and Hatchie, and the siege 
 of Corinth; owns 102 acres; holds office 
 of Assessor; Road Commissioner 7 years; 
 School Director; he married Miss Rachel 
 Scott, in 1864; she was born in Penn.; 
 has two children, Mary A. and Lillian R. 
 
 Dooly B. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 DOIYLEX JOSHUA, Farmer; Sec. 
 30; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Indiana, 
 1825 ; came to this Co. in 1855 ; owns 60 
 
 acres ; married Mrs. S. S. Weddel, in 1854 ; 
 she was born in Indiana; Mrs. Dowlen 
 had three children by former marriage. 
 
 Drake J. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 DunkleyE. farmer; Sec. 13 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Dunkley T. farmer ; Sec. 13; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 ASON JOSEPH, retired; Sec. 4; P.O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 E 
 
 Eaton D. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Eckman A. farmer; Sec. 19; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 Eddy E. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Eddy G.E. farmer; Sec. 7; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 Elliott C. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Elida. 
 
 ELLIOTT MITCHELL, Farmer; 
 Sec. 35; P. O. Elida; born in Perry Co., 
 Penn., in 1810; lived in Ohio 23 years; 
 came to this state in 1856; owns 160 acres; 
 has held office of School Director; he 
 married Miss Mary A. Linn, in 1833 ; she 
 was born in Perry Co., Penn. ; have six 
 children, John L., Mary E., Charles, 
 Thomas C, Mattie E., and Maggie; lost 
 one son, Edward M., he enlisted in the 
 97th Regt. I. V. I. ; was taken prisoner in 
 Georgia, and was confined at Auderson- 
 ville, where he died of starvation. 
 
 Elliott T. C. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Elida. 
 
 FAULKNER JOSEPH, Farmer; Sec. 
 13 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 FAULK^fER SAMUEL, Farmer; 
 24; P. O. Winnebago; born in England, 
 in 1833; came to this Co. in 1846; owns 
 300 acres; married Miss Sophia Hulett, 
 in 1854; she was born in England; have 
 seven children, Edward, Marshall, Eliza- 
 beth, Calvin, Etta, Henry, and Irving; 
 lost two. 
 
 Fitzgerald E. farm ; S. 32 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 FITZGERALD WM. Farmer; Sec. 
 32; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Ireland, in 
 1827; came to this country in 1842; owns 
 160 acres ; enlisted in the Navy, and served 
 7 years; was at the storming of Vera 
 Cruz; served 3 years under Commodore 
 Perry, and was stationed on the Pacific 
 Coast 4 years, under Commodore Jones; 
 settled in Ills, after his discharge ; enlisted 
 in the late war, and served 3 years, and 
 his discharge makes mention of 81 general 
 engagements, among which are Vicks- 
 bm'g, Mission Ridge, Chattanooga, At- 
 lanta, Marietta, etc.; he married Catharine 
 Quinlan, in 1852 ; she was born in Ireland ; 
 have three children living, Eugene, John 
 and Sarah ; lost five sons and one daughter. 
 
 FLAGG GEO. W. Farmer; Sec. 5; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Mass., in 1825; 
 came to this Co. in 1856 ; owns 112 acres, 
 valued at $8,0(i0 ; has held offices of Con- 
 stable, Collector, and School Director; 
 married Miss Lestina Rugg, in 1850 ; she 
 was born in Mass.; have two children, 
 
SEWAED TO'WNSHIP. 
 
 575 
 
 H 
 
 Henry and Lilian ; lost one daughter, Clara, 
 
 and one son, Elijah. 
 Flagg H. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Foilschow Charles, farm hand. 
 Fox J. H., collector; Sec. 8; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 Frost G. R. 
 
 GAFFENEY PATRICK, farm hand; 
 Sec. 28; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 Grady A. J. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 AIRE JOHN, farmer; Sec.34;P. O. 
 Fountain Dale 
 Halsey O.F. farm ; Sec. 17 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 HAMILTON JACOB M. Farmer; 
 Sec. 7; P.O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y., in 
 1832; came' to this Co. in 1844; owns 3563^ 
 acres ; held olfice of School Director ; mar- 
 ried Miss Sarah A. Derwent, Jan. 1, 1851 ; 
 she was born in England; have seven 
 children, William, Charles, Ella, Cora, 
 Myron, Annie and Raymond; lost two, 
 Mary and Edward. 
 
 Hamilton Wm. farm; S. 7; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hayes Garrett. 
 
 Hench H. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Highbarger F. farm ; S.31 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 HI(^HBAB€}I:B ISAIAH, Farm- 
 
 ' er; Sec. 81; P.O. Pecatonica; born in Md., 
 1835 ; came to this Co. in 1845 ; owns 068 
 acres land; has held office of School 
 Director; he married Miss Elizabeth 
 Rhineheart in 1850; she was born in Md.; 
 have seven children, Wm. F., Francis M., 
 Mary C, Haywood H., Martha E., Ann E. 
 and Leah M. 
 
 Highbarger W. farm; S.31 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hillock E. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hitchcock G. farm ; Sec. 2; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hitchcock R. farm; Sec. 2; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 HITCHCOCK IVM. S. P. Farmer; 
 Sec. 3; P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y., 
 1817; came to this Co. in 1854; owns 40 
 acres land; married Miss Martha Hudson 
 in 1845; she was born in Canada East; 
 has six children, Louise, Julia, Sophronia, 
 George, Eva and Amanda; has served 
 many years as Path Master. 
 
 H01SI5f«T05f KEV. CHEfS- 
 
 TliB, Sec. 26; P.O.Winnebago; born 
 in N. Y., in 1808; came to this Co. in 
 1844; owns 100 acres land; has held 
 offices of Justice of the Peace and School 
 Director ; was licensed to preach as a min- 
 ister in the M. E. Church in 1843; he was 
 afterwards ordained at Dixon ; he preached 
 the first sermon in what is now known as 
 the Hoisington Church; married Lucy 
 Wheeler in 1830 ; she was born in Vt. 
 
 Holcomb A. H. farm ; S.31 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Holcomb D. S. farm; S. 30; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Holmes I. B. fiirm; S. 26; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Hooker Geo. W. farmer; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Hudson Arthur, farmer ; Winnebago. 
 Hudson T. farm ; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 TAYNE WILLIAM. 
 
 JOIXES SAMUEIi, Farmer; Sec. 18; 
 P.O. Pecatonica; born in St. Lawrence Co., 
 N. Y., 1831 ; came to this Co. in 1847 ; owns 
 200 acres laud; has held othce of School 
 Director; married Miss Adelia Campbell 
 in 1843; she was born in Vt. ; have nine 
 children living, Viola, Edward, Almiiia, 
 George, Flora, Frank, Dell, Willie and 
 Mary; lost one daughter, Laura. 
 
 JOJfES WM. Farmer; Sec. 18; P.O. 
 Pecatonica; born in St. Lawrence Co., 
 N. Y., 1817; came to this Co. in 1847; 
 owns 160 acres ; married Miss Mary Tay- 
 lor in 1853; she was born in Canada; 
 have three adopted children. 
 
 Jones W. farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 KIDDER PERRY, farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 
 KIRK SAMUEL., Farmer; Sec. 9; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born in Eng., 1836; 
 came to this Co. in 1851 ; owns 160 acres 
 land ; has hunted rabbits on the ground 
 where the depot in Rockford stands: mar- 
 ried Miss Ann Faulkner, in Aug., 1858; 
 she was born in Eng. ; have four children, 
 William J., Lizzie H., Charles H. and 
 Fannie E. 
 
 Kimbal Jos. farm ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 AGRANGE FRANK, farmer; Sec. 39; 
 P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 LAMBERT JEREMIAH, Farm- 
 er; Sec. 6; P.O. Pecatonica; born in Penn. 
 April 31, 1836; came to State in 1855, and 
 to this Co. in 1872; rents of I. Wolven; he 
 married Miss Rebecca Niels in 1867 ; she 
 was born in Providence, R. I. ; have three 
 children, Henry, William W. and Frank- 
 lin J. ; he enlisted in the 93d I. V. I. and 
 served three years. 
 
 Leitts A. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Lincoln S. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Lincoln W. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Lindly C. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Lindly F. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Lindly I. S. farm; Sec. 23; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Logan R. farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Lowry D. W. farm; Sec. 9; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 LOWRY MARCUS L. Farmer; 
 Sec. 9; P.O. Pecatonica; born in Ind., Dec. 
 17, 1821 ; came to this Co. in Jan. 1843 ; 
 owns 383 acres land ; holds office of Su- 
 pervisor, and has been Highway Commis- 
 sioner and School Director many years; 
 married Miss Hannah Derwent in 1849; 
 she was born in Eng., and died March 11, 
 1868 ; he afterwards married Miss Mary 
 Wright, who was born in N. Y.; has six 
 childi-en living, by first marriage, Thomas 
 
 L 
 
5T6 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DmECTOEYt 
 
 M., Sarah E., David "W., Clarence E., 
 Albert H. and Alice J. 
 Lunberry P. J. farmer; Sec. 12. 
 
 M 
 
 cCULLOUGH J. 
 
 McDonald J. farm ; Scc.38 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 28; P.O. Pecatonica; born 
 in Conuty Meath, Ireland, in 18;:!8; came 
 to this Co. in 1854; owns 494 acres land ; 
 has held office of Justice of the Peace 12 
 years, and School Director many years; 
 he married Miss Mary Williams in 1864; 
 she was born in Winnebago Co.; has 
 seven children, Elizabeth, Edward, John, 
 Julia, Mary, Charles and Emily. 
 
 McDonald|R. tarm ; Sec.28; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 McDonald Thos. farmer; Sec. 28; P.O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 McEchran M. farm ; S. 36 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Mack S. farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Markham Jas. farm ; S. 27 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Markham J. farm ; Sec. 27 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 MARSTOX GEO. W. Farmer; Sec. 
 25; P. O. Winnebago; born in N. Y., in 
 1835; came to this Co. in 1845; he enlist- 
 in the 15th I. V. I., and was wounded at 
 the battle of Shiloh ; has held office of 
 Collector; he married Miss Sarah Scott, 
 who was born in Penn., in 1842; have 
 five children, Anson M., Amos W., Chas. 
 L., Mary A. and George E. 
 
 Martin J. P. farm; Sec. 4; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Meredith B. D. farmer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Meredith J. C. farmer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 MEREDITH T. R. Retired Farmer; 
 Sec. 36; P. O. Elida; born in Penn., Sept. 
 25, 1815; came to this State in 1854, and 
 to this Co. in 1867 ; owns 232 acres land ; 
 he married Nancy R. Bull, in 1845 ; she 
 was born in Perry Co., Penn. ; have four 
 children, John C., David B., Jennie M. 
 and Sallie G. 
 
 Moon A. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Moon R.*farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Moore J. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Moore Jos. farm; Sec. 23; P. O. Winnebbgo. 
 
 MOORE WM. Farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. 
 Winnebago; born in Eng., in 1813; came 
 to this Co. in 1847 ; owns 360 acres land ; 
 married Miss Mary Faulkner in 1840; she 
 was born in Eng. ; have eight children, 
 William, Isabelle, Mary, Adeline, Susan, 
 James, Joseph and Bertha ; lost four. 
 
 Moore W., Jr. farm ; S. 15 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 MORGAX THOS. Farmer; Sec. 18; 
 P. O. Pecatonica ; born in Wales, in 1825 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1855 ; owns 80 acres 
 land; married Susanna Helman, in 1866; 
 she was born in Penn. ; have five children, 
 Cora D., Wm. E., Chas. L., Ida M. and 
 Martha J. 
 
 Mosher C. S. retired. 
 
 Myers L. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Myers S. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Myers W. farmer; Sec. 31; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 "IVTEELY WM. farmer; Sec. 16. 
 
 Newton Julian. 
 
 :SfEWTO]^ PEI]!(fY |Z. Farmer; Sec. 
 12; P. O. Winnebago; born in Vt., in 
 1830; came to this Co. in 1853; owns 120 
 acres land ; held office of School Director 
 12 years ; married Miss Martha Phelps, in 
 1854 ; she was born in Ohio ; have two chil- 
 dren, Julia and Almon; and one adopted 
 daughter, Augusta. 
 
 Newton W. farmer; Sec. 2. 
 
 OSTRANDER ''JOHN J. farmer 
 20; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 DALMER W. L. laborer. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 PETERSON CHAS. M. Farmer; 
 Sec. 4; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Swe- 
 den in 1817; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 owns 72 acres land ; married Miss Johanna 
 Peterson in 1842 ; she was born in Swe- 
 den ; have five children, Matilda, Sophia, 
 Emily, Louisa and Augusta ; lost one son 
 and one daughter. 
 
 PFEIFER PHIEIP, Farmer; Sec. 
 17; P.O. Pecatonica; born in Germany, 
 1816 ; came to this Co. in June, 1847 ; owns 
 60 acres land ; holds office of Town Clerk 
 and has been School Director ; he married 
 Miss Rosella Metcalf, in 1858; she was 
 born in N. Y. ; have three children, Ida 
 R., Lizzie S. and Alice M. 
 
 Phelps J. W. farmer ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 PHEI.PS SILAS M. Farmer; Sec. 
 13; P. O. Winnebago; born in Ohio, 1840; 
 came to this Co. in 1856; owns 160 acres 
 land; he enlisted in the 45th I. V. I., and 
 served three years ; married Miss Louise 
 Chandler in 1864; she was born in N. Y. ; 
 has two children, Carrie M. and Susan B. ; 
 lost two : Amasa, aged 9 years ; and Clar- 
 ence, aged 5 years. 
 
 RAFFERTY A. farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. 
 Pecatonica. 
 
 Rhinehart Calvin. 
 
 Roberts E. C. steam thresher ; Sec. 30. 
 Rugg A. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Ryan D. farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Ryan D., Jr. farm ; Sec. 33 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 SARGENT DANIEL, farmer; Sec. 36; P. 
 O. Winnebago. 
 
 SARGElfT CHAREES, Retired 
 Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Winnebago; born 
 in N. H., 1800; came to this State 1842, 
 and to this Co. 1854; owns 130 acres; 
 married Ruth Mansur in 1825, born in 
 
'//6 Ji ,cy^^r2^/^2/^ 
 
 SEWARD TP 
 
 / 
 
SEWARD TOWNSHIP. 
 
 579 
 
 Lower Canada 1806, died 1864; six chil- 
 dren : Daniel M., Charles P., Ruth, John, 
 Maria and Isora A. ; lost two, George and 
 Hollis; John enlisted in the 8th I. V. C, 
 and was mustered out as Capt. Go. M. 
 
 SCOTT A., M.a>., Physician; Sec. 20; 
 P.O. Pecatonica ; born in Penn. 1820 ; came 
 to thisCo. 1857 ; owns 80 acres ; has practiced 
 medicine for oi years; served in the late 
 war as Surgeon of 153d I. V. I. until the 
 regiment was mustered out; married Miss 
 Harriet McCarty, born in Penn; have eight 
 children: Sarah, Rachel, Mary, Charles, 
 Martha, Julia, Hattie and Clara; lost one 
 daughter, Mercy 13.; has held offices of 
 School Director, Road Commissioner and 
 Town Clerk. 
 
 Scott H. W. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Scott J. W. farm; Sec. 27; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Searls A. K. farm; Sec. 12; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Searls D. J. farm; Sec. 12; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Seaton F. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Seaton Gilbert, farm; S. 3; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Seaton W. farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Seaton W. T. farm ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Sheldon G. E. farm; S. 14; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Sheldon I. J. farm ; S. 14 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Sheldon Jay, farm ; Sec. 14 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Shimmin Carson. 
 
 Shimmin George, night watchman. 
 
 SHIMMIX JOHX S. Farmer; Sec. 
 6; P. O. Pecatonica; born Isle of Man in 
 1819; came to this Co. Feb., 1837; owns 
 200 acres ; has been member of the School 
 Board 3 years ; married Wilhelmina Love 
 1845, born in Penn. ; have fourteen chil- 
 dren: Emma, Katie, Carson, Almeda, 
 George, William, Alice, Mary, Annie, 
 Lucy, Mina, Eddie, Charles and Florence ; 
 lost two sons. Alba and Elmer. 
 
 Shimmin Wm. farm ; Sec. 5 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Short Robt. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 SIMMOXS OI^IVER, Farmer; Sec. 
 5; P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y. 1844; 
 came to this Co. 1867 ; married Miss Nettie 
 Benedict 1876, born in this Co.; enlisted 
 in 65tli O. V. I., and re-enlisted as veteran ; 
 mustered out in Te.xas in 1865. 
 
 Simpson Cyrus, Sec. 6. 
 
 Simpson H. W., Sec. 11. 
 
 Smiley Andrew, farmer; Sec. 26. 
 
 SMITH BEXJAMIX, Farmer; Sec. 
 18; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Penn. 1819; 
 came to this Co. 1857; owns 80 acres; 
 married Ellen Bailey 1839, born in Penn. ; 
 have seven children : Anna, Maria, William 
 H., Michael J., Mary E., George B., Lizzie 
 and Benjamin Franklin ; lost one daughter. 
 
 Smith G. 
 
 Smith G. H. farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Smith J. A. 
 
 SMITH R. C. Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 Winnebago; born in Scotland 1829; came 
 to this Co. 1855; owns 240 acres; married 
 Miss Kate Stewart 1854, born in Scotland ; 
 have six children : Andrew, Hugh, Robert, 
 John, Lizzie and Archie; holds office of 
 School Director. 
 
 Smith Wm. fjirmer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Snyder Bernard, farmer ; Sec. 4. 
 Spencer A. farm ; S. 22. 
 Spencer Geo. farmer; Sec. 22. 
 Spencer Samuel, farmer; Sec. 22. 
 
 SPI€EK <iEO. ^V. Farmer; Sec. 8; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born Yales Co., N. Y., 
 1818; came to this Co. 1846; owns 227 
 acres laud ; has held office School Director ; 
 married Miss Lucy Hawkins 1846, born 
 N. Y. ; have seven children living: Lucy 
 L., Mercy E., John B., Pho-be, Willie, 
 Aucy and Annie; lost five. 
 
 Straw D. B. tarmer ; Sec. 25 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Straw J. S. farmer; Sec. 25 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Straw N. S. farmer; Sec. 25 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Straw W. S. farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P.O.Winuebago. 
 
 Sweeney John, farmer; Sec. 26. 
 
 T 
 
 ASKALL RICHARD. 
 
 W 
 
 Tracy E. F. retired; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Tracy Geo. farmer; Sec. 20; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 TRAVER E. Farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. 
 Pecatonica; born N. Y. 1832; came to 
 to this Co. 1864; owns 80 acres, value $75 
 per acre; married Miss Fanny Clapp 1855, 
 born in England; have eleven children: 
 Charles H., Sarah L, William A., Harriet, 
 Eugene, Mary, Fraukie, Nettie, Luther, 
 Fannie and Birdie. 
 
 T T-ANSTEN B. 
 
 Vestal F. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Vestal J. H. farm; Sec. 18; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 ALL ACE CYRUS, farmer; Sec. 19; 
 P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Wallace Wm. J. farm ; S. 19 ; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 Waters D. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Welch J. P. farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 WEEES A. A. Farmer: Sec. 3; P. O. 
 Pecatonica; born Seward Tp. 1844; owns 
 78 acres; enlisted in 146th I. V. I.; mar- 
 ried Miss A. Holcomb 1868, born in this 
 Co., and died 1870. 
 
 Wells A. J. farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. Pecatonica 
 
 Wells Benjamin E. farmer; Sec. 11. 
 
 Wells C. E. farm ; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Winnebag 
 
 WEEES JESSE, Farmer; Sec. 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born N. Y. 1800; cam 
 to this State 1842, to this Co* 1854; own 
 416 acres; has held office School Director; 
 married Aseneth Bennett 1825, born in N. 
 Y., died 1845; afterwards married Miss 
 
580 
 
 ^WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTORY : 
 
 Lovina Everett 1848, born in Peun. ; four 
 children by first marriage: Haskell R., 
 Harris G., Eunice and Rlioda; bj^ second 
 marriage: Orrin C, Cyrus, Oscar, Sylvia, 
 Jessie and Schuyler Colfax; one son, Ben- 
 net, enlisted in 15th I. V. I., died m service. 
 
 WELIiS .1. K. Farmer; Seel; P. O. 
 Winnebago; born St. Lawrence Co., N.Y , 
 1837; came to this Co. 1841; owns 157 
 acres; holds office School Director; mar- 
 ried Miss Adelle E. Clark 1870, born N.Y. ; 
 have two children: Ernest E., Gertrude. 
 
 Wells Orin C. farmer; P. O. Winuebitgo. 
 
 WHITMAX JOSHUA, Farmer; 
 Sec. ii7; P. O. Winnebago; born N. Y. 
 1821 ; came to this Co. 1870 ; f) vvns 80 acres ; 
 has held office School Director; married 
 Miss L. F. Morehouse, born N. J. ; have 
 two children : John and Erastus. 
 
 WHITBfEY DAKWi:S»\ Farmer; 
 Sec. 24; P. O. Winnebago; born Pa. 1824; 
 came to this Co. 1845 ; owns 320 acres ; has 
 held office School Director; married Miss 
 Laura Bigsby 1847, born in N. Y. ; have 
 five chiklien : Wilbur F., Emerson, Sarah 
 L., Newton E., Mary E. ; lost two: Clara 
 and Alta. 
 
 VIHITTI.ESEY EDMrXD, 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Pecatonica; born 
 Mass. 1814; removed to Ohio 1817; came 
 
 to this Co. 1835 ; owns 170 acres ; has held 
 office of Supervisor 20 years. Justice of 
 Peace 30 years. Town Treasurer many 
 years; one of oldest settlers ; married Miss 
 Susan Vsince 1839, born Ohio; have three 
 children: Mary O., Joseph H. and Edwin 
 Vance; Mrs. Whittlesey's father, Joseph 
 Vance, was the first actual settler in Sew- 
 ard Tp. 
 
 Whittlesey J. H. farm;S.8; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 lVll.SO]¥ L. A. Farmer; Sec. 4: P.O. 
 Pecatonica ; born N. Y. 181(5 ; lived in Ohio 
 35 years previous to his removal to Illi- 
 nois 1853; married Miss Annie Moulton 
 1839, born N. Y. ; have five children: 
 Volney, Charles P., Sylvia, Francis and 
 Lyman A. ; Volney enlisted in 8th I. V. 
 C, served 3 years; Charles P. enlisted in 
 152d 111., and was a prisoner in Anderson- 
 ville 7 months. 
 
 Wright E. F. clergyman. 
 
 Wright G. fiirmer; Sec. 11; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 WRIGHT JOHX, Farmer; Sec. 11; 
 P. O. Pecatonica; born England 1828; 
 came to this State 1844, to this Co. 1808; 
 owns 240 acres; has held offices School 
 Director and Road Commissioner; married 
 Miss Matilda Hutchins 1855, born in Can- 
 ada ; have seven children : George, Charles, 
 Alta, Elizabeth, Lottie, Robert and Baby. 
 
BUREITT TOWNSHIP. 
 
 581 
 
 BURRITT TOWNSHIP. 
 
 AFFALBAROUGH JOS. blacksmith; 
 Sec. 8; P.O. Rocktord. 
 
 Anderson John, Sec. 19; P. O. Peciitonica. 
 
 Andrew A. rents farm ; Sec.9 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 AlfDRE^^ EI.I.IS, Farmer; Sec. 8; 
 P. O. Rocktord ; born in Lancashire, Eng., 
 Nov. 21, 1838; came to tills Co. with his 
 father in 1844; owns 93 acres land, valued 
 at $3,000; married Ellen Rudd, Dec. 20, 
 1860; she was born in Hamburg, Erie Co., 
 N. Y.; they have two children: Lewis 
 Judson, born Jan. 2, 1869, and Chariie 
 Austin, Oct. 3, 1870; Mrs. A. has been a 
 member of the Baptist Church over 18 
 years ; she, with the other members of the 
 family, are now regular attendants of the 
 M. E. Church, there being no Baptist 
 Church in the community; Mr. A. was 
 Constable for 4 years, and Road Master 2 
 years ; was but 13 years of age when he 
 came here with his father, and was in 
 youth inured to the hardships incident to 
 the life of the early settler; Mrs. Andrew 
 came here with her father, Joel M. Rudd, 
 in 1849 ; has ever since lived within half 
 a mile of where she now resides. 
 
 Andrew Wm. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Atkinson B. C. farm; Sec. 18; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 ATKINSOX GEORCJE A. Farm- 
 er; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford; born in Bur- 
 ritt, June 23, 1848 ; married Martha E. 
 Herrington, Oct. 25, 1871 ; she was born in 
 Burritt, Nov. 6, 1849 ; they have two chil- 
 dren : Emery D., born Aug. 25, 1872, and 
 Freddie L., April 6, 1876 ; owns 80 acres 
 land, valued at $3,000; attend the M.'E. 
 Church ; the parents of both were among 
 the first .settlers in this Co.; came here 
 about 40 years ago ; were surrounded by 
 wild country — only one or two cultivated 
 farms between here and Rockford. 
 
 ■ ATKIXSOX .IAS. Farmer; Sec. 2; P. 
 O. Rockford ; born in Eng., May 15, 1826 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1837 ; owns 86 acres 
 land, valued $5,000; married Ann J annette 
 Brady, Feb. 22, 1860 ; she was born in Bur- 
 ritt, Feb. 22, 1843 ; they have three chil- 
 dren, two sons and one daughter : Dora O., 
 born Dec. 10, I860; Charles F., Jan. 8, 
 1869, and Willis C, Oct. 28, 1872; Mr. A. 
 was 11 years of age when his father came 
 to this Co. ; was but one house between 
 here and Rockford, and no road except 
 the boundless prairie; has accompanied 
 his father to Chicago with grain drawn in 
 wagons ; it usually took ten days to make 
 the round trip, fording or ferrying the 
 Rock river and other streams ; the ferry- 
 men at that time at Rockford were James 
 Taylor and Giles A. Hard, Esq. 
 ATK.INSOX JOH5f, Farmer; Sec. 
 17 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in England, 
 
 Dec. 14, 1814; came to this Co. in 1837; 
 owns 167 acres land, valued at $6,000; 
 married Nancy L. Conklin, Nov. 5, 1840; 
 she was born in Wayne Co., Penu., Dec. 15, 
 1822; came to this Co. in 1839; they have 
 eight children living: Brown C, aged 30; 
 John M., 32; George A. and Ellen Melissa 
 (twins), 29; Mary Bell, 24; Emma Eliza, 
 21 ; Candace Amelia, 19, and Kittle May, 
 17 ; lost two, Thomas, died aged two years, 
 and David E., who enlisted in Co. A, 74th 
 I. V. I., Aug., 1862, was in Buell's cam- 
 paign after Bragg in Ky. ; was taken sick, 
 returned as fai' as Evansville, Ind., where 
 he died on the 26th of Jan., 1803; two 
 other sous. Brown C. and John M., were 
 also in the service, the former in the 74th 
 
 1. V. I., and the latter in the 11th L V. C; 
 when Mr. A. first came to this country 
 there were but two or three houses in 
 Rockford ; had to ford or ferry the river ; 
 the surrounding country was a wild, un- 
 broken prairie ; he has been Road Com- 
 missioner 14 years. Assessor 13, Collector 
 
 2, and Trustee for a number of years ; all 
 attend the M. E. Church. 
 
 AT WOOD AJLBEBT J. Farmer; 
 Sec. 18; P. O. Pecatonica; born m Burritt, 
 May 10, 1849 ; owns 80 acres laud, valued 
 at $3,200; married Caroline M. Beer, Sept. 
 20, 1869; she was born in Rockford, April 
 29, 1851 ; have two children : Clarence A., 
 born Oct. 12, 1871, and Algernon J.. March 
 12, 1875. Mr. Beers, father of Mrs. A., 
 settled in East Rockford 40 years ago, 
 when it contained but four houses ; has 
 lived there ever since. Mr. Atwood and 
 family attend the Congregational Chm'ch ; 
 Republican. 
 
 ATW^OOO THOMAS J. Farmer; 
 Sec. 18; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Bridge 
 Water, Vt., June 14, 1818 ; came to this Co. 
 in 1840; owns 480 acres land, valued at 
 $26,400; married Lois Cornelia Cable, 
 May 4, 1847 ; she was born Nov. 19, 1826, 
 in Bridgeport, Conn. ; came here in 1837 ; 
 they have two children living: Albert Jus- 
 tin, born May 10, 1849; Emma Cornelia, 
 Sept 13, 1855; lost four: Rollin C, Ella 
 Maria, Amos W, and Ezra Cable; Mr. A. 
 was Supervisor for one term, on committee 
 for erecting building on County Farm, 
 collected the paupers of the Co., etc. Mr. 
 E. S. Cable, father of Mrs. A. was one of 
 the early settlers of Pecatonica, where he 
 still resides, being now 80 years of age. 
 
 AILEY JOHN, farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 Bailey P. farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 BAILEY 1V1L.LIAM, Farmer; Sec. 
 28; P. O. Winnebago; born in East Green- 
 wich, Kent Co., R. L, June 22, 1816; mar- 
 
 B 
 
582 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 ried Amy W. Reynolds, June 5, 1836; slie 
 was born same place, Dec. 3, 1817 ; came 
 to this Co. in 1854; have three children 
 living: Roby Anna, married to Mr. Bils- 
 borough, and living in Iowa; Wintield S. 
 and William H.: lost three: Archibald D., 
 Mary E. and A. Dorrance; Mr. B. has been 
 Assessor 1 year, Ti-ustee 4, and School Di- 
 rector 6 or 7 years; came here when there 
 were but few farms opened up in Laona 
 and Burritl, mostly wild prairie; himself 
 and family belong to the M. E. Church. 
 
 BAIIiEY Wi:Si'FIEL.D S. Farmer; 
 Sec. 28; P. O. Winnebago; born in R. I., 
 Sept. 3, 1852; .came to this Co. with his 
 father in 1854; owns 80 acres land, valued 
 at $4,500; married Agnes Sillers, Sept. 21, 
 1871; she was born in Scotland, June 10, 
 1853; came to this Co. with her father 
 same year, who settled in Guilford; he 
 only lived one year after reaching this Co. ; 
 they have one son, Duncan Frederic, born 
 Aug. 13, 1872; Mr. B. has been Overseer 
 of Highways two terms; holds that posi- 
 tion at present; his father was one of the 
 first settlers in Laona. 
 
 BARKER HIRAM A. Farmer; Sec. 
 1 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in N. Y., Feb. 
 12, 1830; came to this Co. in 1850; owns 
 159 acres land, valued at $7,500; married 
 Isabel Atkinson, Dec. 24, 1849; she was 
 born in England, May 8, 1831 ; came to 
 this Co. in 1837 ; have one child by adop- 
 tion, Etta G., born March 31, 1854; Mr. B. 
 was in Co. L, 11th I. V. C; enlisted Feb. 
 7, 1865; went lo Memphis just in time to 
 join the regiment in a scout after General 
 Forrest, following him to Holly Springs, 
 Jackson, and as far as Wolf river, being 
 in the saddle nearly 48 hours; was out 10 
 days; after returning to Memphis, was 
 put on duty patrolling the city for two 
 weeks, occasionally scouting in various 
 directions for a distance of 50 miles; Mr. 
 B. has some very fine horses— a pair of 
 draft horses, pair of roadsters, and two 
 young stallions, and several others, all 
 "Normans." 
 
 Barsby William, Sec. 3; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Bate William, Sec. 9; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Beach George, Sec. 30; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 BEACH JOHN H. Farmer; Sec. 30; 
 P. O . Rockford ; born in Ohio, Dec, 1823 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1853; owns 200 acres 
 land, valued at $10,000; married Mary 
 Oviatt, Dec. 20, 1853; she was born in 
 Hudson, Summit Co., O., Sept. 12, 1834; 
 they have four children : George M., Frank 
 H., Ida M. and Lilly M.; Mrs. B. died Feb. 
 24, 1873 ; he married Harriet M. Pate, Sept. 
 23, 1874, widow with one child, Walter C. 
 Scott : she was born in Wis., Jan. 17, 1848 ; 
 Mr. B. has been School Director ever since 
 1858, with the exception of 3 years; was 
 very sparsely settled in this Co. when Mr. 
 B. came here ; only five houses between 
 here and Rockford on the Wolf Grove road ; 
 
 family attend Congregational Church; 
 
 Republican. 
 Beatson D. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 Bickford C. farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. Rockford. 
 Bickford J. M., Sec. 26; P. O. Rockford. 
 Billsbonmgh B. L. farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. 
 
 Rockford. • ' 
 
 Black John, renter; Sec. 24; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 BL.EWFIEI.I> JACOB, Farmer; 
 Sec. 14; P.O. Rockford; born in Rock- 
 land Co., N. Y., June 9, 1818; married 
 Rachel Springsteed, April 21, 1838; she 
 was born in same Co., Sept. 6, 1819 ; came 
 to this Co. in 1855; owns 105 acres land, 
 valued at $7,000; they have nine children 
 living: Mary Ann A., Sarah, Samuel A., 
 Mary E., Matilda, Jacob, Delaphene, 
 Charles ' and Hattie; lost two: Lottie, wbo 
 died in California in 1874, aged 31; and 
 Malinda, who died in Rockland Co., N.Y., 
 in 1857, aged 2 years ; Mr. B. has been a 
 life-long Democrat — a war Democrat ; him- 
 self and family are regular in attendance 
 at M. E. Church ; he is a prominent mem- 
 ber of the I. O. O. F., having Tyled his 
 lodge from the time of its establishment, 
 seven years ago — a public spirited man 
 and a good citizen. 
 
 Blewfield Jacob, Jr.. Sec. 14; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Bois Wm. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O.Rockford. 
 
 BOOiriER EDWARD H. Farmer; 
 Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford; born in Newark, 
 N. J., March 7, 1848; came to this Co. in 
 1857 ; owns 143 acres land, valued at $6,000 ; 
 married Celinda Weatherhead, Sept. 27, 
 1870 ; she was born in Harrison, June 1, 
 1852; they have four cliildren: Willis J., 
 born Nov. 12, 1871 ; Ellen May, June 27, 
 1874; and Ida and Ira (twins), March 10, 
 1876; James R. Weatherhead, father of 
 Mrs. B., nearly 40 years ago was working 
 by the month and breaking prairie in this 
 Co. ; married and settled on a farm in 
 Harrison, which is still in his possession; 
 Mr. B. enlisted Oct. 1, 1863, in Co. G, 13th 
 Wis. Inf. ; was with Gen. Thomas (in the 
 march from Chattanooua, was captured by 
 a scouting party of rebels at Paint Rock 
 Bridge, Ala.; w^as taken to Cahawba, 
 thence to Andersonville, where he re- 
 mained until April 17, 18G5, when he was 
 paroled for exchange ; was mustered out 
 June 13, 1865, atthe close of the war; 
 they are members of the M. E. Church; 
 Republican. 
 
 Boshun Wm. wagon maker; Sec. 14; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 Bracken J. farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 BRO^VX MORTON A. Farmer; 
 Sec. 33; P. O. Winnebago; born in N. Y., 
 April 20, 1843; came to this Co. in 1853; 
 owns 160 acres land,valued at $8,000; mar- 
 . ried Jane A. Houghton, Dec. 3, 1868; she 
 was born in Durand, Dec. 14, 1848; they 
 have four children, Mary J., Agnes, Nellie 
 
BURRITT TOWNSIIII'. 
 
 583 
 
 A. and Thomas A. ; Mr. B. was Justice of 
 the Peace two years, and School Trustee 
 eight j'ears; himself and wife are members 
 ot the M. E. Church; he luv; been identi- 
 fied with Sabbalh-schools since he was 
 eleven years old ; late years has been very 
 zealous and active in organizing and su- 
 perintending in diflerent parts of the 
 town ; is rather extensively engaged in 
 daily; owns 47 cows; is president of and 
 a stockholder inthe Winnebago Creamery. 
 
 BROWN THOS. Farmer; Sec. 33; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in England, Aug. 
 3,1814; came to Oneida Co., N. Y., in 
 1827; married Almy Fuller, Jan. 13, 1841 ; 
 she was born in Oneida Co., Oct. 38, 1831 ; 
 they came to this Co. in 1853; owns 330 
 acres lane', valued at $13,000; they have 
 (me child living, Morton A., born April 
 30, 1843; he owns farm of 160 acres- ad- 
 joining; •works both farms; lost one 
 daughter, Mary Jane, born Sept. 15, 1844; 
 died March 38, 1865 ; have an adopted son, 
 Chas. W. Brown, whom they have raised 
 from the age of seven months; Mrs. B. is 
 in charjie of the Burritt Bible Depository, 
 and has been for six years ; is Treasurer of 
 the same, receiving all moneys collected 
 and settling accounts with County Agent; 
 are zealous and active members of the M. 
 E. Church; Republican. 
 
 Burns T. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Byrne L. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 CANNELL JOHN, farmer; Sec. 34; P. 
 O. Rockford. 
 
 Chapman S. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 CHAPMAN MOSES, Farmer; Sec. 
 3; P. O. Rockford; born in England, Dec. 
 3,1830; came to this Co. in 1855; owns 
 127 acres land, valued at $7,000; married 
 Alice Andrews, Nov. 18, 1863; she was 
 born in England, Feb. 38, 1843; came to 
 this Co. in 1851 ; they have six children, 
 two sons and four daughters: Alice A., 
 aged — ; Clara Etta, 14; Ada Bell, 11; 
 George Ellis, 9 ; Chas. B., 7; and Lulu 
 May, 3; Mrs. C.'s father, Wm. Andrews, 
 emigrated to this Co. when there was 
 nothing but wild prairie; plenty of gov- 
 ernment land on the market from which 
 Mr. A. selected a farm, on which he has 
 ever since resided; Mr. Chapman was 
 School Directoi- for three years; they are 
 members of the M. E. Church. 
 
 Coftin F. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 COFFIN HORACE A. Farmer; 
 Sec. 35; P. O. Rockford; bora in Ros- 
 coeTp., March 31, 1848; owns 90 acres 
 land, valued at $4,500; unmarried; his 
 father, Henderson W. Coffin, came to this 
 Co. in 1838,being one of the oldest settlers; 
 was born Sept. "29, 1813; married Harriet 
 Kinnear; she was born Nov. 18, 1823; 
 they have eleven children living, Agnes, 
 Julia M., Sylvester B., Esther, Wm. H., 
 
 Horace A., Mary J., Emma B., Alfred, 
 Fletcher and Ruble H. ; Mr. C, Sr., made 
 the brick for all the brick buildings in 
 Roscoe and large quantities in Beloit, be- 
 ing one of the first to engage in that busi- 
 ness in this Co.; his widow is still living 
 in this Co. and is fifty-five years of age. 
 
 COMSTOCK liEVI, Farmer r Sec. 
 14; P. O. Rockford; born in Saratoga Co., 
 N. Y., May 3, 1812; married Matilda Root, 
 Oct., 1846; she M'as born in Berkshire 
 Co., Mass.; they came to this Co. in 1859; 
 owns 1241^ acres, valued at $7,5(10; they 
 have four children, Franklin, Lewis A., 
 Emma and Etta, three of whom are mar- 
 ried and living in this tp. ; Mr. C. has 
 been School Director for six years ; Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Comstock A. farm; Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 COMSTOCK FRANKLIN. Farm- 
 er; Sec. 10; P.O. Rockford; born in N^. 
 Y., Jan. 13, 1843; owns 106 acres land, 
 valued at $4,500; married Minerva Frank- 
 lin, Feb. 25,1874; she was born in Durand, 
 July 31, 1848; they have one child living, 
 Mabel Irene, born March 11, 1875; lost 
 one, Laura, born April 18, 1877; died May 
 12, 1877; Mrs. C. is a daughter of Chas. M. 
 Franklin, who was among the first settlers 
 of Durand ; came there many years ago, 
 passing through all the hardships of the 
 early pioneer; he is now sixty-seven years 
 of age; living on the same fiirm he opened 
 up in early times. 
 
 CONKI.IN JACOB B. Farmer; 
 Sec. 1 1 ; P.O. Rockford ; born in Wayne 
 Co., Peun., April 6, 1816; came to this Co. 
 in 1839; owns 363 acres land, valued at 
 $16,000; married Hannah Ellis, Aug. 19, 
 1847 ; she was born in Canada, Jan.25,1835 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1845; they have three 
 children living, Jesse M., aired 34; Barna 
 T., 17; andCcn-aLina, 14; lost two, Amelia 
 M., died Oct. 3, 1850, aged 4 months; and 
 Alta Teressa, aged 1 year and 9 months ; 
 Mr. C. went over land to California in 
 1850; returned same year by water; start- 
 for Pike's Peak in 1859 ; reached the foot 
 of the Rocky Mountains; heard unfavora- 
 ble reports find returned; in 1865 he sold 
 his farm in Harrison, and, with his familj', 
 started over land for Oregon ; had several 
 Indian scares; all of their horses stam- 
 peded; recovered all but two; had one of 
 the parly killed and scalped by the In- 
 dians within sight of the train; finally 
 reached Oregon in safety ; wintered there 
 with his family, and returned in 1866 to 
 this Co. and liiu-chased the farm he now 
 resides on ; Liberal in politics. 
 
 Conklin J. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Corbin L. J. farm; S. 33; P. 0. Winnebago. 
 
 Corney C. farmer; Sec. 30; P.O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Cowley P. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Cowley T. farm; Sec. 30; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Cox Chas. Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 
584 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIBECTOBY: 
 
 COX HJEXRY A. Farmer (Renter); 
 Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford; born Genessee 
 Co., N. Y., June 6, 1851 ; came to this Co. 
 when an infant, with his father, twenly-six 
 years ago; lives on his father's farm of 
 154 acres; married Mary S. Merchant, 
 March 8, 1876; she was born in Burritt, 
 Jan. 29, 1858; they have one daughter, Ida 
 Stella, born July 9, 1877; Mr. Cox is a 
 prominent member of the I. O. O. F. : is a 
 Republican; Mrs. C.'s father, Jas. Mer- 
 cliant, came to this Co. from Scotland 25 
 years at,^o; settled on apart of Sec. 23, 
 where he lived, a good citizen, respected 
 by all who knew him, until Jan. 29, 1874, 
 when he came to his death while getting 
 wood near the west line of Burritt, by the 
 falling of a tree, which, striking him, 
 caused instant death ; he was a member of 
 the Consrregational Church ; was a good 
 Republican. 
 
 Cox Mark, Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Cox Wm. J. farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Crockett J. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 D 
 
 AVIS G. B. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 
 Dean R. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Dickinson G. farm ; Sec. 27 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 DICKIBfSON WM. Farmer; Sec. 
 27; P.O. Rockford; born in Yorkshire, 
 Eng., July 23, 1821 ; married Ann Cow- 
 ard, May 12, 1844; she was born in same 
 Co., Eng., Jan. 10, 1821 ; they came to this 
 Co. in 1845 : owns 285 acres land, valued 
 at $17,500; they have nine children living, 
 Rebecca, Emily, Frederick W., Geo. W., 
 Florence, William, Annie, Charles, and 
 Theodore P. ; lost one daughter, Lucy ; 
 died at the age of 2 years and seven 
 months; Mr. D. was Commissioner of 
 Highways one term ; has been School Di- 
 rector for 20 years; is Liberal in political 
 views; has passed through some lively 
 scenes, one of which occurred 26 year's 
 ago; a tornado struck his farm, leveling 
 his liouse, fences, etc. to the ground, 
 smashing all the crockery, furniture, etc., 
 the house contained, and leaving the fam- 
 ily out in the wet. 
 
 Dobson J. P. farm ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 J)obson Jos. farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Dobson L. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Dow Alex, farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Dow Robt. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Durno E. B. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 DURXO WM. Farmer; Sec. 35; P.O. 
 Rockford ; born in Scotland, Oct. 20, 1801 ; 
 married Jane Legge, Dec. 23, 1826; she 
 was born in Cummingtown, Scotland, 
 July 4, 1798; they came to this Co. in 
 1846; owns 150 acres land, valued at $7,- 
 500; they have five children living, Elsie 
 L., Clara Jane, John, George L., and Ed- 
 win B.; lost William, vpho fell at the 
 
 battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862, fight=ng 
 bravely for the old flag; he was a member 
 of Company F, 45th I. V. I. ; James, and 
 Mary, their little daughter, tliey buried 
 June 22, 1837; Mr. D. has been a deacon 
 in the church for 16 years; they are both 
 members of the First Baptist, Rockford ; 
 they are staunch Republicans, with a 
 clear record. 
 
 Dyson Geo. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Dyson Jas. tarmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 EDDIE EDWARD, farmer; Sec. 23; P. 
 O. Rockford. 
 Eddie Geo. tarmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Rockford. 
 Eddie Wm. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 FAWCETT WILLIAM, farmer; Sec. 4; 
 P. O. Harrison. 
 Pelch Eli L. farm; Sec. 22; P. O. Rockford. 
 Felch H. H. farm; Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford. 
 Fell Jas. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 Fell Thos. farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 FORBES^ JA^IES, Farmer; Sec. 33; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in Scotland, in 
 1822 ; came to Canada in 1833 ; married 
 Petrina Kinghom, in 1845 ; she was born 
 in Scotland, in 1820; they came to this 
 Co. in 1852; owns 168 acres of land, val- 
 ued at $9,000; have six children living, 
 Agnes D., David, William J., George, 
 Wilson, and John; lost two, Robert and 
 Dorothea; have one adopted daughter, 
 Josephine; Mr. Forbes has been School 
 Director for three years ; they all belong 
 to the First Presbyterian Church at Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 FRAIIfltLIN OEORGE, Farmer; 
 Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford; born in Durand 
 Tp., March 17, 1857; owns 80 acres of 
 land, valued at $4,000; unmarried; his 
 father came to this Co. in 1837 or '38, and 
 settled in Durand, where he has lived 
 ever since, working hard and suffering all 
 the privations and hardships of the early 
 pioneer; has carted to Chicago, Mineral 
 Point, and various other distant places, in 
 order to find a market, Rockford at that 
 time only containing a few houses ; Mr. 
 F. is a Republican ; is a member of the 
 M. E. Church. 
 
 Franklin Oscar, farm; S. 16; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Furze John, farm ; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Rockford- 
 
 GILLMORE JAMES, Sec. 32; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 
 GAYI.ORD OEORGF, Sec. 15; P 
 O. Rockford; born in Ohio, Jan. 28, 1853; 
 came to this Co. in 1857, with his father, 
 when most of the farms now under culti- 
 vation were wild prairie; his father lived 
 here thirteen years, then removed to Mich- 
 igan, where he now resides; has nine chil- 
 dren living, Marion, Margaret, Marietta, 
 Mary, Minnette, May, Minerva, George, 
 
BURRITT TOWNSHIP. 
 
 685 
 
 and Charles; lost one sou, Rice, aged 2 
 years; Mr. Gay lord, Jr., is a member of 
 thel.-O, O. F. 
 Glare F. rents farm ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Kockford. 
 
 GORDON <,}£OR<];i:, Farmer; Sec. 
 29: P. O. Rockford; horn in Scotland, 
 March 22, 181(5; came to this Co. in 1855; 
 owns 100 acres land, valued at $4,000; 
 married Jessie Bm-nett, in 1858; she was 
 born in Scotland, May 30, 1831 ; they have 
 six children livmg, George, Jane, James, 
 Jessie, Mary, and Alexander; lost one, in- 
 fant; Mr. Gordon and family are members 
 of the Presbyterian Church. 
 
 GROVER EDWIX R. Farmer; Sec. 
 14; P. O. Rockfnrd ; born in Cattaraugus 
 Co., N. Y., April 1, 182G; came to this Co. 
 in 1837 ; owns 80 acres of laud, valued at 
 $4,000; married Elizabeth Scott, June 22, 
 1850; she was born in Richland Co., Ohio, 
 Feb. 14, 1830; came to this Co. in 1837; 
 they have three children, Mary M., Cor- 
 nelia E., and Ida L., aged respectively 2G, 
 23, and 21 ; Mr. G. has held the position 
 of Town Collector, Constable, and School 
 Director, for several years each; Mr. and 
 Mrs. G. and their three daughters are all 
 members of the M. E. Church ; Mr. G. is 
 a staunch Republican ; is also a prominent 
 member of the I. O. O. F. 
 
 H 
 
 ARROLD SAMUEL, farmer; Sec. 26; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HAIIER AN:\, Farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. 
 Rockford; widow of Andrew Jiamer, who 
 was born in England, in 1801; married 
 Ann Dennis, in 1828; she was born in 
 England, Dec. 9, 1809; they came to this 
 Co. in 1851 ; owns 88 acres land, valued at 
 $4,500; Mr. H. died April 5, 1864; they 
 have four children living: Jane, aged 47; 
 Elizabeth L., 43; Mary, 41, and William 
 E., 29; lost four: Robert, aged 1 year; 
 Alice, 6 months ; one infant; and Robert 
 A., who enlisted, Sept. 9, 1861, in the 55th 
 I. V. I., shared all the hardships and pri- 
 
 • vations of his regiment, on marches, in 
 scouts and battles, up to the 29th of May, 
 1863, when he fell, while with his regi- 
 ment charging the works in front of 
 Vicksburg ; Mrs. H. was among the early 
 settlers of this town ; her three daughters 
 are all married ; one living in Kansas, an- 
 other in Nebraska, and one in this Co.; 
 she lives on the old farm, with her only 
 son. 
 
 Hartley Thos. farm; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hartley Thos. S. farm; S. 4; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HEMEHf WAY CALVIX A. Farm- 
 er; Sec. 22; P. O. Rockford; born in Ver- 
 mont, Jan. 13, 1823; came to this Co. in 
 1837; owns 216 acres land, valued at $14,- 
 000; married Mrs. Elizabeth Rudd, Sept. 
 3, 1848; she was born in England, Dec. 18, 
 1827; they have five children living: 
 Christina, born Aug. 21. 1851 ; Henry, 
 March 26, 1856 ; Chester Leroy, May 18, 
 
 1858; Lydia Nora, July 10, 1862; and 
 Rollo Asa, Dec. 15, 1869; "lost four, Charles 
 Louis, Flora, Leon Winfretl, and Alice O. ; 
 Mr. n. was Town Clerk 12 years. Town 
 Treasurer 14 years. Supervisor 5 years; 
 has held various other minor offices. 
 School Director, etc.; has been Superin- 
 tendent of Sunday-school for 15 or 16 
 years; Mr. H.'s father came here in 1837, 
 traveling all the way from Vermont in a 
 two-horse wagon, bringing his family, 
 consisting of nine persons; was only five 
 families in Burritt when he arrived; Mr. 
 H. was an Old Line Whig; is now a Re- 
 publican ; they are all members of the 
 church. 
 
 Henry Wm. laborer; S. 22; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Herrington Ira, farm ; S. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HERRI XGT<H¥ JESSE, Farmer; 
 Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford; born in Farmer- 
 viilc, Canada, May 27, 1820; came to this 
 Co. in October, 1838; owns 80 acres land, 
 valued at $3,200; married Mary W. 
 Brown, Dec. 12, 1848 ; she was born in 
 Belmont Co., Ohio, June 6, 1826; came to 
 Illinois in 1839, to this Co. in 1846; they 
 have six cliildren: Martha E., born Nov. 
 8, 1849 ; Ira, May 29, 1852 ; May L., Oct. 
 26,1855; Charlie L., July 25, 1860; Ella 
 May, May 19, 1863 ; and Eugene B., March 
 24, 1867 ; Mr. H. came here when the Co. 
 was very thinly settled ; he worked on a 
 farm by the month the first winter, near 
 the mouth of the Pecatonica; in the 
 spring he worked for Newton Cunning- 
 ham, near Rockford, which at that time 
 contained about twenty houses ; has owned 
 several tracts of land at difl'erent times; 
 liMs occupied the farm where he now re- 
 sides since 1849; has been Commissioner 
 of Highways for 13 years, and School Di- 
 rector for several years; Simon Brown, 
 the father of Mrs. H., came here in 1846, 
 remained here two years, then returned to 
 his old home, in Bond Co., where he died, 
 in 1864, aged 86 years. 
 
 Higgenbottom Jas. Sec. 5 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Higiienbottom Wm. farmer; Sec. 8; P.O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 Higgenbottom Wm. J. rents farm; Sec. 8; 
 f . O. Rockford. 
 
 HIIiL. DOl^TAI^D. Farmer; Sec. 1; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Scotland, m 
 1850; came to this Co. in 1862; owns 96 
 acres land, valued at $5,000; married 
 Lola, daughter of Alfred A. Needham, and 
 sister to Capt. F. M. Needham. of Rock- 
 ford ; she was born in Cleaveland, Ohio, 
 Sept. 5, 1853; came to this Co. in 1855; 
 became his wife Dec. 30, 1875 ; they have 
 one daughter, Mary, born March 7, 1877. 
 
 Hll/rO:^' FRANCIS. Farmer; Sec- 
 8; P. O. Rockford; born in England, June 
 11, 1818; married Milcah Hartly, in 1840; 
 she was born in England, Nov. 5, 1815; 
 came to this Co. in the fall of 1843 ; settled 
 
586 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 first in Durand, then known as Howard ; 
 ]8 months later came to Burritt, where he 
 has lived ever suice; owns 190 acres land, 
 valued at $8,000; have six children liv- 
 ine;, Rebecca, Edwin, Jane Amelia, Frank, 
 William, and Mary; lost two, Nancy, aged 
 25, and Angelina, 9; Mr. H. was one of 
 th^ old settlers of Burritt, only a few scat- 
 tering cabins on the then wild praii'ie; has 
 carted grain, with oxen, from here to Ra- 
 cine, Milwaukee, and Chicago, in order to 
 find a market. 
 
 Hilton Frank, farm; Sec. 5; P. O. Rockford. 
 Hilton R. tarmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Rockford 
 Hooker W. W. farm ; Sec.27; P.O. Rockford. 
 Hoyt G. W. rents farm; S.27; P.O. Rockford. 
 Hunter D. J. farm ; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 Hustaud H. rents farm ; S. 21 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 JENNINGS E. H. rents farm; Sec. 34; P. ;. 
 O. Rockford. 
 
 JEXKIWGS JOS. Farmer; Sec. 34; 
 P. O. Rockford ; born in Hampshire, Eng- 
 land, Oct. 1 1, 1811 ; married Amelia Smith, 
 May 31, 1834; she was born in same place, 
 in 1806; they came to this Co. in 1844; 
 settled in Rockford, where Mrs. Jennings 
 died in 1846; they had six children, two of 
 whom are living, Berkett and Jabez, both 
 in Iowa; lost four, Robert, Amelia, Isabella 
 and Joseph ; Mr. J. was married again to 
 Mary E. Weldon, June 22, 1848; she was 
 born at Keene, N. H. ; took possession of 
 the farm on which he now resides, in 1855 ; 
 owns 355 acres land, valued at $18,000; 
 they have six children, Lauretta, Ernest 
 H., Adelaide, Josephine, Minnie and Rob- 
 ert; Mr. Jennings is School Director, now 
 serving his second tei'm; the family attend 
 the Presbyterian church at Winnebago; 
 Jonathan Weldon, father of Mrd. J. was 
 one of the oldest settlers of this Co. ; only 
 two houses where Rockford now stands, 
 one on the east side, occupied by Mr. 
 Haight, the other on tlie west side, by Mr. 
 Kent, who ran the ferrj'; Mr. J. had two 
 sons in the army during the war, both ot 
 whom were severely wounded ; Berkett re- 
 ceived a ball through his lungs. 
 
 Johnson Edgar, farm ; Sec. 4 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Jorden Emery, farm ; Sec.l9 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 KEITH ADAM, Jr., farmer; Sec. 31; P. 
 O. Winnebago. 
 Keifli W. H. farm; Sec.31; P.O. Winnebago. 
 Kessack J. farmer ; Sec.20 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 Kessack W. farm; Sec. 20; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 KIVAPP ASHIiEY, Farmer; Sec. 
 16; P. O. Rockford; born in McKean Co., 
 Penn., Jan. 7, 1821 r came to this Co. in 
 Oct., 1842; owns 210 acres land, valued at 
 $15,000; married Mrs. Elizabeth Wiliams, 
 daughter of the late Rev. Richard Herring- 
 tou, of Kiugville, Ontario, Dec. 31, 1844; 
 she was born near Kingston, Canada, 
 
 April 4, 1817; came to this Co. July 4, 
 1839 ; have four children living, Lauretta, 
 born Sept. 27, 1846; Aurilla F., Sept. 10, 
 1848; Lucretia, March 3, 1852; Warren 
 Jesse, Sept. 21, 1856; Mrs. K. had four 
 children by first marriage ; two died in in- 
 fancy, Henrietta and Erastus; Louisa died 
 aged 28, and Richard, who was doing duty 
 in an Iowa batterj', died in St. Louis, of 
 pneumonia; they lost one daughter, Lo- 
 vina, who died at the age of eight years; 
 Mr. K. has been Justice of the Peace 25 
 years. School Trustee 20 years and School 
 Director for manj^ years; was 22 years of 
 age when he came to tliis Co. ; the first win- 
 ter, 1842-43, was the severest winter he has 
 seen; snow commenced falling in Novem- 
 ber, and from that time the weather was 
 very cold ; snow was three or four feet 
 deep ; could cross the river on the " ice as 
 late as April 10; cut the timber .xnd split 
 rails at oOc per hundred; are all members 
 of Baptist church. 
 
 KI^APP ELIZABETH JAXE, 
 
 Widow; rents house on Mr. Felt's farm; 
 Sec. 9; P. O. Rockford; her late husband, 
 Elihu Knapp, who was born in Penn., in 
 1824, came to this Co. about 30 years ago ; 
 pre-empted 80 acres of land where E. S. 
 Felch now lives; married Elizabeth J. 
 Westbrook, June 6, 1847 ; she was born in 
 Ohio, Oct. 17, 1826 ; have three children 
 living; Chas. E., aged 29; Geo. E., 19; 
 Clara Alice, 15; lost three, Leroy, aged 9; 
 Irvis, 5 ; Mary Jane, 8 weeks ; in 1856 they 
 sold out and moved to Iowa, where Mr. K. 
 died in 1863; Mrs. K. then returned to this 
 Co., where she has lived ever since; Chas. 
 E. was in the army during the latter part 
 of the war ; served one j^ear, and was hon- 
 orably discharged at Cairo at the close of 
 the war. 
 
 KIS'APP Will. Farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. 
 Rockford; born in McKean Co., Penn., 
 April 23, 1839; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 owns 150 acres land, valued at $7,500; 
 married Martha Scott, Marcii 16, 1864;. 
 she was born in Burritt Tp., Oct. 27, 1843 ; 
 have five children livinsr; Minnie, aged 
 12;Lula, 10; Chas. H., 7; Mabel, 6; Al- 
 berta, 3 months, the latter being the sur- 
 vivor of twins, the little boy, Albert, hav- 
 ing died at the age of 2 months and 20 
 days ; Mr. K. is now and has been for the 
 past 8 years. Town Clerk ; is also School 
 Director, a position lie has filled for the 
 last 10 years ; he is a prominent member 
 of the Order of A. F. and A. M., Rockford ; 
 Mr. and Mrs. Kane are both members of 
 the Methodist church. 
 
 Knight Jas. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 IGHTFOOT RICHARD, 
 
 Fcirmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Rocktbrd; 
 born in England, Jan. 29,1824; came to 
 this Co. in 1851 ; owns 250 acres land, val- 
 ued at $12,000; married Susan Swindells, 
 daughter of Wm. Statham, of Derbyshire, 
 
 L 
 
BUKRITT TOWNSHIP. 
 
 689 
 
 Oct. 10, 1859; she was born in England, 
 June 14, 1825 ; came to this Co. in 1857 ; 
 liad four cliildren by first marriage, Wm. 
 J., Margaret, Ann and Emma Jane; one 
 by hist marriage, Nathaniel ; Mr. L, was 
 School Director seven years and Pound 
 Master five years ; they all attend tlie Meth- 
 odist church ; Mr. L.'s brother died near 
 Vicksburg, in 1868, in 95th regt. I. V. I. 
 
 L.IIi'LIE ELIJAH M. Farmer; 
 Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford; born in Windham 
 Co., Conn., Dec. 1, 1844; came to this Co. 
 in 1858; owns 80 ;icres laud, valued at 
 $4,000 ; married Mary M. Grover, Sept. 2, 
 18(59; she was born in'Burriit Tp., July 81, 
 1851 ; have two children, Leta May and 
 Villa Pearl, aged i-espectively 5 and 3 
 years; Mr. and Mrs Lillie are both mem- 
 bers of the Methodist church. 
 
 1.UBLEY WM. Farmer; Sec. 21; P. 
 O. Rockford; born in Lincolnshire, Eng- 
 land, in 1804; married Elizabeth Palmer, 
 in 1844; came to this Co. about 1847; owns 
 86 acres of laud, valued at $5,000; have 
 two children; Joseph, aged 81, and Ade- 
 line, 16 ; the former was in the service from 
 1861 ; was in the Lead Mine Regt., from 
 Galena, which saw some of the hardest 
 service; was in 18 different engagements 
 in the Southwest; went with Sherman in 
 his march to the sea; was honorably dis- 
 charged at the close of the War; is now 
 living in Iowa ; Mr. L. was School Director 
 for two years. 
 
 M 
 
 cCLISH JOHN, farmer; Sec. 27; P. 
 O. Rockford. 
 McCoy H. farmer; Sec. 29; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 M'cDOUGALIi DAX. C. Farmer; 
 Sec. 12; P. O. Rockford; born in Scotland, 
 March 22, 1830; married Jessie B. Patter- 
 son, June 1, 1851 ; came to this Co. same 
 year ; owns 90 acres land, valued at $6,000 ; 
 have five children living; Jane, aged 24: 
 Kate, 22; John, 19; James, 15; Arthur, 12; 
 lost their eldest son, Alonzo, born Dec. 7, 
 1856, died Feb. 18, 1858; Mr. McD. was 
 three years Supervisor, Commissioner six 
 years,' Col lector two years. Justice of the 
 Peace one year, and is now Township 
 Treasurer, all of which offices he has filled 
 to the entire satisfaction of the public; 
 has always been a Republican, but is 
 rather inclined to the liberal party — 
 Greenbacks ; Mr. and Mrs. Mc. are mod- 
 ern Spiritualists. 
 
 McDougall J. farm; S. 28; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 McMAHOX HUGH, Sec. 28; P.O. 
 Rockford; born in Ireland, Jan. 6, 1846; 
 came to this Co. in 1858; owns 170 acres 
 land, valued at $8,000; married Ellen 
 Barnes, Feb. 18, 1868; she was born in 
 Kilkenny, Ireland, Dec, 1845; came to 
 this Co. in 1852; have four children liv- 
 ing, John Fiancis, James, George P. and 
 Thomas Joseph ; lost one son, David Hen- 
 
 ry, born May 29, 1870, died Feb. 28, 1871 ; 
 Mr. Mc. was Sergeant in Co. A, 90tli I. V. 
 I., and Color Bearer of the regt.; enlisted 
 in 1862; was with the army of the South- 
 west, and was in 21 of the jM'incipal battles, 
 beginning with Vicksl)urg and ending 
 with Bentonville, N. C, .seeing all of Sher- 
 man's campaign and the Grand Review at 
 Washington in 1865; Wm. Fleming, aged 
 10 years, a sister's son, has beep living 
 with Mrs. McMahon since lie was a year 
 old; her mother, aged 65, also resides with 
 her; they are all members of the Catholic 
 church. 
 
 McMahon T. farm; S. 30; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 McNamara J. farm ; Sec. 28 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 McPherson J. farm; Sec. 12; P.O. Rockford. 
 McSweeney M. farm; Sec.24; P.O. Rockford. 
 Marshall H. W. laborer; Sec. 82; P.O. Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 Michel J. B. farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Milne A. farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Milne Alex., Jr., farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 
 Milne F. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. Rockford. 
 Milne J. renter; Sec. 29; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Milne R. farm renter; S.29; P.O.Winnebago. 
 Milne L. farmer; Sec. 26; P. O.Winnebago. 
 Milne Wm. farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 MIXARD FRA:5fK, Laborer; Sec. 
 17; P. O. Rockford; is a son of William 
 Minard, who resides in Owen; farmer; 
 Sec. 32; P. O. Rockford; was born in 
 Windham Co., Vermont, June 13, 1806; 
 came to this Co. in 1871 ; owns 80 acres 
 land; married Ann Glover, of Windham, 
 Vermont, in 1834; they have nine chil-, 
 dren, three sons and six daughters; he is 
 a Democrat; Frank makes his home at 
 John Atkinson's, Burritt. 
 
 Montague J. renter; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 MOBfKS RALPH, Farmer; Sec. 10; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in England, Oct. 
 22, 1834; came to this Co. in 1854; settled 
 on the farm where he now resides; owns 
 136 acres land, valued at $5,000; married 
 Maria Irving, July 3, 1861; she Vi-as born 
 in Glasgow, Scotland, Jan. 6, 1838; came 
 to this country in 1847; .settled in Mass.; 
 removed to this Co. in 1868; they have 
 seven children, James Irving, aged 15; 
 Jennie G., 13; John A., 11; Willie H., 9; 
 Mary, 5; Selina, 4, and George W., 7 
 months; Mrs. M.'s father was one of the 
 early settlers of Burritt; wild prairie and 
 but few houses between him and Rockford ; 
 Mr. M. is aRei)ublican; the family attend 
 the M. E. Church. 
 
 Moore J. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Murphy D. renter; Sec. 26; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Murphy H. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Murphy P. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 
590 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIBECTOBY : 
 
 NETTLETON JOHN, farmer; Sec. 25; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 NKEDHAM AI.FRED A. Farmer; 
 Sec. 18; P.O. Rockford ; born in Wales, 
 Mass.; married Eunice L. Moultou, in 
 1841 ; slie was born in Wales, Mass., March 
 11,1819; they came to this Co. in 1856; 
 have five children livmg, Franklin M., 
 aged 34; Horace M., 28; Mary E. and 
 Maria S. (twins), 25, and Lola, 23; lost 
 five, Frances and Henry died in Conn., 
 Samuel died in Rockford from the effect 
 of a sciild, and Freddie and William A. 
 at the farm in Burritt; Mr. Needham is 
 an Iron Moulder; has followed the busi- 
 ness 34 years, in Mass., Conn., N. Y., 
 Oliio, and Ills.; was last employed as 
 foreman of this branch in the extensive 
 establishment of N. C. Thomson, Rock- 
 ford, his son, the late Wm. A., attending 
 to the farm in his absence; owns 310 
 acres land, valued at $13,000. 
 
 O'BRIEN GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 30; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 O'Brien James, farm; S. 30; P. O. Rockford. 
 O'Brien John, farm ; Sec. 30; P.O. Rockford. 
 O'Brien P. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Rockford. 
 Oliver J. farmer; Sec. 4; P. (>. Rockford. 
 
 PALMER CALEB, farmer; Sec. 17; P.O. 
 Pecatouica. 
 
 PAIiHIER JOHN G. Farmer; Sec. 
 13; P. O. Rockford; born in England, 
 June 9, 1824; married Mary Skinner, 
 June 30, 1851 ; she was born in England, 
 Nov. 8, 1827; came to this Co. in 1856; 
 owns 96^4 acres land, valued at $5,000; 
 they have ihree children living, Edward, 
 aged 25; James E., 18, and Elizabeth 
 Alice, 16; lost one daughter, Sarah Jane, 
 born Nov. 30, 1856, died Dec. 29, 1856; 
 Mr. and Mrs. P. and two of their children 
 are members of the M. E. Church; he is 
 a Republican; during a tornado about 16 
 years ago, their house was unroofed, and 
 one side of the roof carried in such a 
 manner over a wheat field that it literally 
 headed the grain for the distance of four 
 rods; the other side Avas torn in pieces, 
 and the shingles carried by the wind over 
 two miles. 
 
 Penille R. farmer; Sec. 27; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Pitcher B. farmer; Sec.28; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Pitcher J. farmer; Sec.28; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Potter M. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 RADFORD EDIIUXD. Farmer; 
 Sec. 12; P. O. Rockforcl; born in 
 England, Dec. 10, 1832; came to this Co. 
 in 1852; owns 97^2 'icres land, valued at 
 $5,000; married Catherine Atkinson ; she 
 was born in Central Square, N. Y., Feb. 
 10, 1834; they have no children living; 
 lost three in infancy; Mr. R. has never 
 been on the jury nor in the witness box, 
 
 nor held any office in a period of 25 years 
 that he has been a resident of Burritt; 
 has always been a Democrat ; Mrs. R.'s 
 father was one of the pioneers of Harri- 
 son ; came there in 1837, when there was 
 ouly now and then a cabin on the prairie, 
 and very few where Rockford now stands; 
 died at his home in Harrison over 30 years 
 ago. 
 Rearden D. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 RICHARDISON EDWIJf B. Well 
 Driller; Renter; Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford; 
 born in Canada, Oct. 30, 1841; came lo 
 this Co. in 1851 ; married Sarah N. Blew- 
 field, Feb. 6, 1865; she was born in N. Y., 
 Aug. 10, 1841; they have two children, 
 Hattie May, bom May 13, 1806, and Charles 
 Edwin, Jan. 29, 1875; Mr. Richardson 
 and family attend the M. E. Church ; he 
 is a member of the A. F. and A. M. Star 
 of the East, Lodge No. 166, Rockford. 
 
 RILEY WILLIAM, Farmer; Sec. 
 82; P. O. Winnebago; born in England, 
 Aug. 16, 1835; came to this Co. in 1857; 
 owns 305 acres land, valued at $15,000; 
 married Mrs. Charlotte Randcrsou, 
 daughter of George Milnes, Dec. 25, I860; 
 she was born in England, March 15, 1826; 
 married Joseph lianderson and came to 
 this Co. in 1848 ; he died in 1859, leaving 
 her with five cliildren, George M., born 
 July 17, 1849 ; Alice, Aug. 17, 1851 ; Mary 
 H., Dec. 19, 1853; William H., March 1, 
 1856, and Joseph, Feb. 13, 1859; Alice 
 and Mary have since died, aged respect- 
 ively, 19 and 20; has three children by 
 second marriage, John, born Maj- 1, 1861; 
 Deliah A., Sept. 3, 1864, and Minnie A., 
 May 6, 1871 ; lost two infants; Mr. R. has 
 been School Director for six years; is a 
 member of Winnebago Lodge No. 745, 
 A. F. and A. M.; Mrs. R. is a member ol 
 the M. E. Church ; family attend same. 
 
 Roger J. farmer; Sec. 16. 
 
 Roger William, farmer; Sec. 16. 
 
 ROWE DAlflEL I. Farmer; Sec. 
 34; P. O. Winnebago; born in Stephen- 
 town, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., Aug. 20, 1819; 
 married Phebe A. Johnson April 10, 1845 ; 
 she was born at Sand Lake, same Co., 
 Feb. 9, 1825; they came to this Co. June, 
 1852 ; settled in Laona, where they resided 
 17 years ; went from there to Wis., where 
 they stayed 1 year; returned to this Co. 
 and took possession of the farm they now 
 occupy, in 1869; they have four children, 
 ElfredM., aged 29; Orcelia M., 23; Ellis 
 J., 16, and Arlettie B., 9; Mr. R. was 
 Justice of I he Peace in Laona for 1 year, 
 and School Director 6 yeais; is School 
 Director here now and has been for 5 
 years; Mr. and Mrs. Rowe are members 
 of the Free Will Baptist Church, in Laona; 
 Republican. 
 
 ROST CHARLES, Farmer; Sec. 2; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Sweden, Jan. 1, 
 1840 ; came to this Co. in 1868 ; owns 100 
 
 i 
 
BUBRITT TOWNSHIP. 
 
 591 
 
 acres land, valued at $5,000; married 
 Caroline Ericson, iu 1873 ; she was born 
 in Sweden, July 31, 1836; tliey have one 
 child, Charles Albert, born Feb. 15, 1874; 
 they are both members of the Swedish 
 Church, iu Rockford; Mr. Rost came to 
 country a poor man, and by hard work 
 and economy has made himself tbe com- 
 fortable home he now owns; Republican. 
 
 BYAX DAlflEL K. Farm Renter; 
 Sec. 37; P. (). Rockford; born in County 
 Clare, Ireland, Dec. 24, 1834 ; came to 
 this Co. in 1866, bringing his wife, whom 
 he married in N. Y., where he lived from 
 1848 till he removed to this Co.; she was 
 born m County Louth, Ireland, Jan. 20, 
 1834; maiden name, Ann O'Conner; mar- 
 ried Oct. 25, 1854 ; they have five children 
 living, Maggie J., Mary A., Josephene, 
 Frankie D. and Lillie C. ; lost six, Mary 
 E., James, Charlie, Henry, Sarah and 
 John W. ; Mr. and Mrs. R. and family all 
 profess the Catholic faith ; Mr. R. is Lib- 
 eral in politics. 
 
 OARVER ALEX. Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Sarver S. C. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. Rockford. 
 Scott Chas. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 SCOTT ELIZABETH, Widow; 
 Sec. 6 ; P.O. Rockford ; born in Columbiana 
 Co., O., March 26, 1810; was married in 
 June, 1827, to James Scott, a former ; they 
 came West and located on the Pecatouica, 
 in this town, in 1838; husband died Dec. 
 38, 1865; had 13 children; has 26 grand 
 children, and 6 t;reat grand children; 8 of 
 her children are living: Henry, Elizabeth, 
 Polly, Martha, Sophia, James AV"., Milda 
 M. and Charles F. ; James W. is married 
 to Miss Jane Stewart, of Owen Tp., and 
 has two children : Edwin, born Aug. 10, 
 1834, and Ella May, June 4, 1866; Charles 
 F. is married to Miss Drusilla, daughter 
 of Charles Mortimore Franklin, an old 
 settler of Durand, and has one daughter. 
 Lena, born July 24, 1877. Mrs. S. owns 68 
 acres, valued at $2,380; J. W. owns 105 
 acres, valued at $3,150, and C. F. owns 
 residence and 10 acres, valued at $1,100; 
 they are Independent in politics and re- 
 ligion. Note. — They live in the extreme 
 N. W. corner of Sec. 6, the line of Har- 
 rison and Burritt running through dwell- 
 ing. 
 
 Scott Jas. W. farmer; Sec. 6; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Sharp Edw. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 I^HIELDS HElfRY, Farmer; Sec. 
 7; P.O. Rockford ; born in Burritt, Jan. 
 15, 1845; owns 80 acres land, valued at 
 $3,200; married Ellen Melissa Atkinson, 
 March 17,1868; she was born in Burritt, 
 June 23, 1848; have two children living: 
 Alonzo Martin, born Jan. 11, 1869, and 
 Emma Amelia, May 19, 1875 ; the parents 
 of Mr. and Mrs. Shields came here 40 
 years ago, among the early settlers ; Mr. 
 
 Atkinson still lives here; Mr. Shields, Sr., 
 moved to Iowa two years ago, where he 
 now resides; Mr. S. and wife attend the 
 M. E. Church. 
 
 SiilLLARI^ JOHX, Rents Farm; Sec. 
 28; P. O. Rockford; born iu Scotland, Dec. 
 
 14, 1849; came to this Co. with his father 
 iu 1853, wlio landed in Guilford with only 
 50 cents in his pocket ; his mollier's maiden 
 name was Mary McDougal ; she iiad three 
 children: Juhn, aged 28; Maiy, 26, and 
 Agnes, 24; Mr. Sillars died in 1854; his 
 mother was married Feb. 24, 1870, to John 
 Piicher; owns 80 acres land, valued at 
 $4,000; attend the Presbyterian Church. 
 
 SMITH DAlflEL, Farmer; Sec. 31; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in Scothind in 
 1820; married Jennie Brown; she was 
 born in Scotland in 1830 ; came to this Co. 
 in 1860, from Ohio, where he had lived 
 two years; owns 176 acres laud, valued at 
 $ll,uOO; have nine children: John, Mar- 
 garet, James, Marion, Isabella, Jessie, 
 Jane, Daniel and Lizzie ; he is the owner 
 of some very tine hor.ses, seldom fails to 
 carry off tirst premiums at the Co. Fairs; 
 Republican; Mr. and Mrs. Smith and 
 family are members of the Presbyterian 
 Church. 
 
 SMITH JOHN J. Farmer; Sec. 31; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in Argyleshire, 
 Scotland, Aug. 13, 1833; came to this Co. 
 in 1857; owns 140 acres land, valued at 
 $7,000; married Jane Greenlees, April 28, 
 1859; she was born in Scotland, Aug. 29, 
 1841; they have seven children; Mary J., 
 Jessie L., Sarah J., Robert G., William G., 
 Thomas A. and Nellie; Mr. S. has been 
 School Director about 12 years; all mem- 
 bers of First Presbyterian Church, Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 Snowdon E. farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Southard C. farmer; Sec. 30; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 Southard Eugene F. Sec. 30 ; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 SOUTHARD JEF^^EKSON, 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Pecatouica; born 
 in Essex, N. Y., April 19, 1822; came to 
 this Co. in 1843 ; owns 90 acres land, valued 
 at $5,000; married Sar di Ovialt, March 
 
 15, 1853 ; she was born in Hudson, Sum- 
 mit Co., O., Aug. 12, 1832; came to this 
 Co. in 1844; she also owns 155 acres land, 
 valued at $6,000; they have five children 
 living: Charles F., Eugene Freddie, Mary 
 E., Albert L. and Eddie Grant; lost one 
 in infancy; Mr. S. was Commissicmer of 
 Highways one year, and School Director 
 one term ; he came here when the country 
 was wild; has killed dozens of deer and 
 wolves, and caught in a trap tlie last wild 
 turkey ever heard of on the Pecatouica; 
 weighed 23 lbs.; the family attend the 
 Congregational Church. 
 
 SWEET TRIIMA:Sf, Farmer; Sec. 
 17; P.O. Rockford; born in Laona, Sept. 
 35, 1846; owns 80 acres land, valued at 
 
592 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTOBY: 
 
 $3,000; married Martha J. Weatlierliead, 
 Dec. 6, 1866; she was born iu Harrison, 
 June 9, 1848; they have four children, 
 Ira M., born March a, 1868; Leilia I., 
 Aug. 4, 1869; Willis J.. June 21, 1S72; aud 
 MattieM, May 23, 1874; Mr. S. was a 
 member of the 8th I. V. C. ; enlisted Jan. 
 4, 1864; was in front of Washington when 
 Gen. Early made a demonstration in that 
 direction (Aug., 1864) ; was afterwards 
 with Sheridan m the Valley; discharged 
 July, 1865 ; Geo. W. Sweet, father of Tru- 
 man, has often made tlie trip to Chicago 
 and Milwaukee, with grain drawn by 
 oxen ; Rockford was then only a ferry. 
 
 Swindle Wm. farm; Sec. 21; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Stewart A. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 STEWART DAXIEIv, Farmer; 
 Sec. 29 ; P. O. Rockford ; born iu Canada, 
 Dec. 3, 1819; came lo this Co. in 184); 
 owns 222 acres land, valued a $11,000; 
 married Matilda Herrington in 1833 ; she 
 was born in Canada; died Dec, 1853; had 
 four children; none now living; three died 
 in infancy, and Jas. P. was killed near 
 Atlanta, Ga., June 15, 1864; was Sergt. Co. 
 E. 34th I. V. I.; was in battles of Shiloh, 
 Pittsburg Landing, Stone River and sev- 
 eral other important engagements; Mr. S. 
 was married the second time to Beulah 
 Herrington, in 1851 ; have tliree children, 
 Alice, Arminda and Eldridge; was School 
 Director three year.-*; is a prominent char- 
 ter member of the I. O. O. F. Burritt 
 Lodge. 
 
 Stewart G. F. farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Stewart Wm. farm ; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 STORKS €HAS. Farmer; Sec. 2; 
 P. O. Rockford ; born in Yorkshire, Eng., 
 March 6, 1837; came to this Co. in 1858; 
 owns 90 acres land, valued at $4,500; was 
 married to Elizabeth Moate, Sept. 27,1860, 
 by the Rev. Sam'l Sloane, at his residence, 
 in the town of Winnebago; she was born 
 in England, Dec. 1,1838; came to this 
 Co. in 1844; they have live children living, 
 Frankie T., aged 13; Isabel, 10; Arthur, 
 7; Elizabeth, 5; and Annie, 3; lost seven 
 in mfancy, three, named respectively 
 Walter, George and Alfred; Mrs. S.'s 
 father, Sam'l Moate, settled in Winneba- 
 go Co. when there were only a few houses 
 in Rockford ; a trip to Chicago consumed 
 from a week to ten days; carted grain 
 there, taking provisions along and sleep- 
 ing in his wagon; sold for 35c to 45c for 
 wheal; often came back iu debt. 
 
 TAPE JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 20; P.O. 
 Wmnebago. 
 
 TESSIER ALFRED, Blacksmith; 
 Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford; born in Canada, 
 Feb. 9, 1832; came to this Co. in 1857; 
 owns 76 acres land, valued at $5,000; mar- 
 ried Amelia Mitchell, Jan. 4, 1859; she 
 was born in Canada, May 17,1842; they 
 have live children livino;, four daughters 
 
 and one son: Laoes J.,aura, born Feb. 13, 
 I860: Mary Estella, Nov. 20, 1862; Alfere, 
 Sept. 9, 1864; Delphene, July 24, 1870; 
 and Ida Amelia, Sept. 26, 1873; lost three: 
 Lester, aged 1 year; Zillah May, aged 10; 
 and Alfred, aged 7 mouths; Mr^T. has 
 been School Director for three terms of 
 three years each ; he is a prominent mem- 
 ber of the I. O. O. F. ; himself, wife and 
 two elder children are members of the M. 
 E. Church ; has always been a Republican- 
 
 TOI>U DAXIEIi, Farmer (Renter); 
 Sec. 13; P. O. Rockford; born in Somer- 
 set Co., N. J., Oct. 6, 1851 ; came to this 
 Co. in 1855; married Altie Compton, Sept. 
 23, 1875; she was born in Burritt Tp., 
 March 12, 1859. 
 
 WAI^IiACE CHAS. Painter and 
 Grainer; P. O. Rockford; born in 
 England, May 28, 1848; left the British 
 line of btUtle ship " Agamemnon " in 1861 ; 
 joined the U. S. jST. in the cai)acity of first 
 class boy (m board the gun-boat "Pem- 
 bina;" was in the battles of Forts Phillips 
 and Jackson, also at capture of New 
 Orleans; was promoted to first petty offi- 
 cer (Signal Q. M.) and had charge of a 
 scout-boat and performed some gallant 
 services, taking up torpedoes between 
 Forts Sumter and Moultrie; was in the 
 service till the close of the war; about ten 
 years ago he was with a party trapping in 
 the Walnut Creek country. Western Kan., 
 between the Santa Fe and Smoky Hill 
 route, when they were attacked by Indi- 
 ans, and of the whole party, all were killed 
 except Mr. W. and one other; Mr. W. is 
 a member of the M. E. Church, Rockford. 
 
 lVATSO:Sf en AS. H. Farmer; Sec. 
 3; P. O. Rockford; born in Fredonia, N. 
 Y., June 29, 1835; came to this Co. in 
 1845; owns 234 acres land, valued at 
 $12,000; married Elizabeth P. Brundige, 
 Dec. 7, 1861 ; she was born in Batavia, N. 
 Y., March 6, 1839; came to this Co. in 
 1861 ; they have six children living, Harry, 
 aged 14; Frank P.., 11 ; Chas. R, 8; Clark 
 D., 6; Bert T., 4; and Lawrence, 1; lost 
 one, born Nov. 5, 1867, died May 4, 1872; 
 she was visiting some little playmates in 
 the neighborhood, playing in the fields; 
 tliey built afire in tlie stubble, from which 
 her clothes caught and she was so badly 
 burned that she only lived five hours; Mr. 
 W. was Town Trustee for three years ; is 
 now School Director; enlisted, Oct. 1, 1861, 
 in Co. E, 52d I. V. I., as a private ; was 
 mustered out as First Lieut., July 14, 
 1865; was with Sherman in the Atlanta 
 campaign and his March to the Sea, shar- 
 ing the hardships of the march, and par- 
 ticipating in the glory of the grand review 
 in Washington; is a Republican. 
 
 WEMPIvE EDW^ARD H. Carpen- 
 ter; (Renter;) Sec. 23; P.O. Rockford; 
 born in Fonda, Montgomery Co., N. Y., 
 Jan. 27, 1838; married Janet Beatson, Dec. 
 
BlTRKITT TOWNSHIP. 
 
 593 
 
 1, 1859; she was boru in Scotland, April 7, 
 1841 ; they have two chiMren living, Ray- 
 mond G. and Wm. Wallace; lost one 
 daughter, Edna H., died July 17, 1868, aged 
 2 years, 3 months, and 30 "days; Mr. W. 
 served nine months in the Union army, in 
 Co. D, 74th I. V. I.; he now holds the 
 ofBce of Constable; his father came here 
 in early days and was virtually the founder 
 of what is now known as Wempleton, 
 having made the first improvements, i. e. 
 built a house and blacksmith shop, and 
 was particularly instrumental in establish- 
 ing the only church in the place ; he died 
 in Michigan, April 17, 1873, at the age of 
 76 ; Mr. and Mrs. W. are members of the 
 M. E. Church. 
 
 Wemple E. farm; Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 Whitney J. farm; Sec. 12; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 WHITNEY THOS. J. Farmer; Sec. 
 13; P. O. Rockford; born in Herkimer 
 Co., N. Y., Sept. 18, 1823; came to this Co. 
 iu 1844; owns 87 acres laud, valued at $6,- 
 000; married Ursula Blackinton, March 
 12, 1851 ; she was born in Ashtabula Co., 
 Ohio, Jan. 22, 1834; came to this Co. in 
 1838; they have tliree children living: 
 Frances A., born Jan. 24, 1852; Julius E., 
 May 16, 1853; and Alvin P., Jan. 28, 1857; 
 lost one, Lucius A., born March 25, 1855, 
 died Oct. 6, 1871 ; Mr. W. served seven 
 years as School Director ; Mrs. W.'s father, 
 Jesse N. Blackinton, settled in Roscoe in 
 1838, bein2: one of the pioneers of that 
 town ; he was a surveyor, and had proba- 
 
 bly more to do with locating the lines of 
 sections and farms iu Roscoe than any 
 other man in the Co.; he was also often 
 employed as counsel by the citizens of 
 that town in minor cases of law; he is 
 now 80 years of age, and is residing in 
 Mass.; left his old home in 1870. 
 
 WILCOX JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 15; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Cornwall, Eng., 
 Dec. 27, 1825; came to this Co. in 1850; 
 owns 344 acres land in Burritt, valued at 
 $15,000; 180 acres in Laona, valued at $2;- 
 500; married Margaret Webber, March 3, 
 1855; she was born in Coombe, St. Nicho- 
 las, England, Feb. 24, 1833 ; came to this 
 Co. in 184*J ; they have seven children : 
 John W., aged 22; AVilliam H., 20; Mary 
 S., 17; Herbert H., 15; Clarence L., 12; 
 George L., 10; and Lillian M., 8; John 
 W., the oldest .son, has been in New 
 Zealand ior two years, with an uncle wlio 
 has been a resident of that country forty 
 years; Mr. W. was in 1852 ordained a 
 Congregational minister, and has preacbed 
 regulai'ly ever since; has preached in tliis 
 Co. for 22 years without salary, preferring 
 to depend upon his own labor for support, 
 yet feeling it a duty to minister to the 
 spiritual need of a community who are 
 destitute of regular preaching; Mrs. W. is 
 a Christian lady, and zealous in every 
 good work which will benefit the com- 
 munity; Mr. W. is the most extensive 
 sheep raiser in this Co., having from five 
 to six hundred head; he is a Republican. 
 
 Wood K. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 •Vicj^tlS 
 
 
594 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUKTT DmEOTORTt 
 
 HARRISON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 A 
 
 MAN JACOB J. 
 
 Anderson Frank. 
 
 Arnold Smith K. rents farm ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Armstrong James. 
 
 Aspland Slierman, laborer; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 ATKIXMIX JAMEJ*, Farmer; Sec. 
 1)5; P. O. Harrison; born in Harrison, Jan. 
 19, 1846; owns 60 acres land, valued at 
 $2,400 ; married Margaret E. Gaylord, Jan. 
 1,1865; she was born in Ashtabula Co., 
 O., in 1849; they have four children living: 
 Lucy, born Nov. 'i6, 1866; George, Dec. 4, 
 1869; Elmer, Oct. 3, 1871; and Minnie, 
 Sept. 8, 1875; lost one in infancy; Mr. A.'s 
 father, Wm. Atkinson, came to this Co. 40 
 years ago, when all was wild prairie; 
 Rockfortl contained but four or five houses ; 
 Mr. A. is serving his second term as School 
 Director; he was in the 141st Regt. I.V.I. ; 
 was in service near 6 months; discharged; 
 re-enlisled in 8th I. V. C. ; was thrown 
 from cars, disabled and rejected on that 
 account. 
 
 Atkinson Thomas, Sec. 35; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Atkinson Wm. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. fJarrison. 
 
 BRIGGS B. F. laborer; Sec. 20; P. O. 
 Duraud. 
 Briggs M. S. laborer: Sec. 14; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 BODIXE ^WIIil^lAM, Farmer; Sec. 
 18 ; P. O. Durand ; born in Canada in 1820 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1840; owns 160 acres 
 land ; married Harriet S. Babcock in 1843 ; 
 she was born in N. Y. in 1827 ; had two 
 childi'en: Harriet L. and George W.F.; 
 the latter was a member of the 55th I. V. 
 I. ; died in hospital, and is buried at Nash- 
 ville, Teun. ; Mrs. B. died in 1846 ; married 
 second time to Francis E. Albright, of O., 
 born in 1831; have eight children living: 
 Martha Z., Jethro J., Charles S., Esther L., 
 Isaac J., Laura E., Arthusa and Anna 
 Louisa; lost three: Joseph C, Dorcus C. 
 and Jacob ; Mr. B. was ordained a minis- 
 ter in 1852 (Free Will Baptist); preached 
 chiefly to the Otter Creek congregation in 
 Leona; his health failed him and he gave 
 up preaching. 
 
 Boyd John, Sec. 34; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 BOTD SAMUEL, Farmer; Sec. 34; 
 P. O. Harrison ; born in Ireland, June 1, 
 1824; came to Monroe Co., N. Y., in 1849; 
 remained there till 1863; came to this Co. 
 and settled within ■'4 of a mile of his- 
 present home ; owns 5,J^4 acres land, valued 
 at $500; married Sarah Oliver, March 15, 
 1851 ; she was born in Ireland, Nov. 2, 
 1828; came to this Co. with Mr. Boyd; 
 they have eight children living: Jane, 
 Adam, John, Mary, Samuel, Sarah, Robert 
 
 and James; lost one son, William, died in 
 infancy; Mr. and Mrs. B. and family are 
 members of the M. E. Church. 
 Branuiug Chas. laborer; S. 14; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 BRAKKIXO CHESTER I. Labor- 
 er; P.O. Harrison; born in Pike Co., Pa., 
 Dec.24, 1854 ; came to this Co. Nov. 22, 1876 ; 
 makes his home with George F. Branning, 
 who is a renter; Sec. 14; P. O. Harrison; 
 born in Wayne Co., Penn., July 1, 1845 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1867 ; married Mary J. 
 Hagencamp, April 15, 1871 ; she was born 
 in Potter Co., Penn. ; have three children : 
 Delia, aged 5 ; India, 3, and Furnam, 2 
 years ; the family attend the M. E. Church, 
 of which Mrs. Branning is a member. 
 
 Branning Constantine, laborer; Sec. 14; P. 
 O. Hai'rison. 
 
 Branning G. F., Sec. 14; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Burbank Eli, farmer; Sec. 23; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 Burbank Joel, farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 Burbank T. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 BURTOX LEVI, Post-Master; Har- 
 rison ; born in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., Nov. 
 13, 1838; removed to Crawford Co., Penn., 
 in 1840, where he remained until 1856 ; 
 travelled in the West ; finally settled here 
 in 1859; was appointed Post-master in 
 April, 1877 ; has a store in connection with 
 the ofiice; unmarried; is a prominent 
 member of the A. F. and A. M. Lodge, No. 
 302, Durand ; has tilled (pro. tem.) several 
 important positions in the lodge. 
 
 CARPENTER JOHN, farmer; Sec. 23; 
 P. O. Harrison. 
 Champion Abraham, rents farm ; Sec. 22 ; P. 
 O. Harrison. 
 
 CHAMPION ABRAHAM, Farm 
 er; Sec. 24; P. O. Harrison; born in Eng- 
 land. in 1814; married Elizabeth French 
 in 1836; she was born same place in 1815; 
 they have eight children : James, Charles, 
 Abraham, Isaac, Jane and Henrj^, all mar- 
 ried except the latter, and living in Har- 
 rison, except Charles, who resides in Chi- 
 cago; Mr. C. came to this Co. in 1856; 
 resided in Rockton two years ; rented and 
 farmed seven years ; then bought the farm 
 he now owns, 224 acres; Mrs. C. died in 
 1871 ; married, in 1872, Mrs. Sophia Dia- 
 mond (maiden name Newman) ; she was 
 born in London, Eng., in 1823 ; she had 
 two children by first marriage: George 
 and Mar}' Diamond. 
 
 Champion H. laborer; S. 22; P.O. Harrison. 
 
 Champion I. rents farm ; S.22 ; P.O.Harri.son. 
 
 Champion Jas. farmer ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Cleaveland John T. Sec. 18; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Cleveland L. W. farm. S. 23; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 m 
 
ItARRISON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 505 
 
 CLEITIESTT SYI. TESTER, Car- 
 penter; Harrison; born in Crawford Co., 
 Penn., May 18, 1833; married Christiana 
 Shepardson, March 8, 1855 ; she was born 
 in Penn., Nov. 34, 1834; came to this Co. 
 in 1855 ; owns property in Harrison valued 
 at $1,31 lO; they have three children living: 
 Anna Belle, born Jan. 25, 1856; Lincoln 
 L., Sept. 36, 1861, and Nellie M., Aug. 14, 
 1870; lost one, Dan Sylvester, born June 
 17, 1858, died April 16, 1859 ; Mr. C. was 
 Town Collector one year; has been Road 
 Commissioner for 13 years; is a prominent 
 member ot the A. F. and A. M. Lodge, No. 
 74, Rockton; has filled (pro. tem.) all the 
 stations except the East; enlisted as Or- 
 derly Sergt. Co. A, 74th I. V. I., in 1863; 
 was mustered out as Captain, June 10, 1865 ; 
 member of the M. E. Church. 
 
 Collins A. G., P. O. Harrison. 
 
 €OIiI.IXS HEXRY, Jr., Farmer; 
 Sec. 36; P. O. Harrison; born in England, 
 July 11, 1838; came to this Co. in 1856; 
 owns 80 acres land, valued at |3,3()0; mar- 
 ried Nancy Atkinson, Nov. 16, 1859; she 
 was born in Harrison, April 9, 1844; they 
 have five children living : Barney E., Jen- 
 nie L., Alma Adell, Daisey belle and 
 Henry J.; lost two: Lilah R., aged 3, and 
 Matie, 1 year old ; Mr. C. has been School 
 Director for 6 years ; family attend the M. 
 E. Church; Mrs. C. is a daughter of Wm. 
 Atkinson, one of the pioneers of Harrison ; 
 opened up the farm he now lives on when 
 all was wild land; could drive in any di- 
 rection without encountering a fence; had 
 to draw grain to Chicago with ox teams. 
 
 Collins Geo. stone-mason; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Conklin A. rents farm; Sec. 85; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 COXKLIX DAVID, Farmer ; Sec. 31 ; 
 P. O. HaiTison ; born in Damascus, Wayne 
 Co., Penn., July 30, 1809; married Sarah 
 Dexter in 1835; she was born in same town 
 and Co. in 1817; they came to this Co. in 
 1839; owns 300 acres land; had five chil- 
 dren : Mercy, died in Penn., aged 6 months ; 
 Benjaniiu, William and Mar}' died in Har- 
 rison, aged respectively 3 years, 3 months, 
 and 11 years and 3 months; David, Jr., is 
 living in Owen; was 26 years old the 4th 
 day of July, 1877; married Gertie Lake; 
 they have three children: Fred, Walter 
 Dumont and Benjamin F. ; Mrs. C. died 
 Aug. 3S, 1849; he married again Pha^be 
 Drake, March 11, 1853; by second marriage 
 they have ihree children living: Orin H., 
 Albert!) and Emma E.; lost one, Sarah, 
 died in 1857; Mi'. C. was Commissioner of 
 Highways 3 years; Kent's was the only 
 store in Rockford when he came here; 
 Republican. 
 
 Conklin Orin H., Sec. 21 ; P. O. Harri.son. 
 
 Cook Isaac, Sec. 28; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Cook Sam. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Harrison. 
 ' Cooney Arthur, farm ; Sec. 20 ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Cooney R. A. farmer ; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Cook A. rents farm ; Sec. 20 ; P.O. Harrison. 
 Coulter Geo. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Durand. 
 Cowan Jas. laborer; P. O. Harrison. 
 Crowley Geo. farmer; Sec. 30; P.O. Durand. 
 Cunningham Wra. Sec. 34; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 DELANEY JOHN, rents farm; Sec. 33; 
 P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Diamond Geo. painter; Harrison. 
 
 Dickerson Jas. L. physician; Harrison. 
 
 Dobson Dan. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Douglass Henry, Sec. 35 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Downie A. J. rents form; S.33; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Doyle P. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 ARLY W. C. carpenter; Harrison. 
 
 E 
 
 G 
 
 FISHER JAMES, laborer; Sec. 30; P. O. 
 Durand. 
 
 Flint Azel, laborer; Sec. 8; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Flint Martin, farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Fritz H. J. rents farm; Sec. 7; P. O. Durand. 
 
 AMMOW HENRY, blacksmith; Har- 
 rison. 
 Gammow Chas. blacksmith ; Harrison. 
 
 OAXlJBfG SETH, Farmer; Sec. 18; 
 P. O. Durand; born in Livingston Co., N. 
 Y., Jan. 7, 1816; married Mary L. Rich- 
 ards in 1843; had two children, John and 
 Ada; Mrs. G. died in 1857; married Louisa 
 Eichards iu 1859; she died in Jan., 1862: 
 married third time, Oct. 13, 18()5, to Mary 
 Adams; had three children, Carrie M., 
 Hattie L., and Seth Sumner; she died in 
 1870; has been School Director 12 years, 
 and Road Master for a number of years; 
 when he came here this part of the Co. 
 was a wilderness ; ordy three houses on the 
 road between here and Rockford; has 
 hauled grain with oxen from here to Chi- 
 cago ; sold wheat for 50c per bushel ; deer 
 and smaller game were plenty, of which 
 Mr. G. has brought down his share; a 
 huge black bear gave him a scare, one 
 day, while working near the barn; was 
 within a rod ot him before discovered; he 
 drove him off. 
 
 Gilmore Jas. laborer; Harrison. 
 
 Gilmore John, carpenter; Harrison. 
 
 Goakey A. farmer; Sec. 8; P.O. Shirland. 
 
 Goakey J. D. dairy farmer; Sec. 8 ; P.O. Shir- 
 land. 
 
 Goodwin G. carpenter; Sec.20; P.O. Durand. 
 
 GOODWIX JXO. Farmer; Sec. 33; 
 P. O. Harrison; born in Roscoe, in 1850; 
 unmarried; owns 38 acres land, valued at 
 $1,600; his father, Silas Goodwin, came to 
 this farm in 1853, with his wife and five 
 children, Jane, John, Charles, Theresa 
 and George; Jane died, aged 8 years, and 
 George, aged 1 ; the father enlisted in the 
 12th I. V. C. ; was witli them nearly three 
 
596 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 years ; was taken sick and sent to the hos- 
 pital, where he soon afterward died ; Mr. 
 G. went West when only 12 years old, and 
 has been absent ever since,until last spring, 
 when he returned, after having wandered 
 through the mining districts of Montana, 
 Idah(7, Colorado, and parts of Dakota; 
 
 , has led the life of a miner since he was 18 
 years old, undergoing all of the dangers, 
 trials, Indian tiglits, hairbreadth escapes, 
 etc., incident to the life of a frontiersman. 
 
 Goodwm W. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Gratton Jos. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Gratton Robt. farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. Durand. 
 
 H 
 
 ALSTEAD SAMUEL L. Sec. 27 ; P. O. 
 Harrison. 
 
 H Alf MER J]?tfO. Farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 
 O. Harrison; born in Shropshire, England, 
 March 23, 1824; married Harriet Lewis, 
 June 32, 1846 ; she was born in same place, 
 Jan. 8, 1836; came to this Co. in 1855; 
 owns 94 acres of land; have six children 
 living; John L., born Junel, 1C5B; Geo. 
 E., Nov. 7, 1855 ; Orrin C, Dec. 18, 1857 ; 
 Emma J., Oct. 19, 1860; Franklin R., Sept. 
 25, 1863; Edwin E., Dec. 35, 1867; lost 
 three; Eliza died in England, Fannie, in 
 Cleveland, O., and Austin O. in this Co.; 
 two brothers of Mrs. H. (Richard and 
 Charles Lewis) were in the army; the 
 former in the 74th I. V. I., was taken pris- 
 oner at Chicamauga, Sept. 30, 1863 ; sent 
 South, transferred trom one prison to an- 
 other, Libby, Florence, Andersonville, etc., 
 until he finally reached Savannah, Ga., 
 where he died of neglect and exposure, 
 in Oct., 1864 ; the latter was in the 39th 
 Ind. V. L till the close of the war. 
 
 Hawkins D. farmer; Sec. 7; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Herrick A. laborer ; Sec. 20; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Horsfall R. farmer ; Sec. 38 ; P.O. Harrison. 
 
 TEWETT BRITTAIN, farmer; Sec. 14; P. 
 J O. Harrison. 
 
 JEWETT DAVID, Farmer;Sec. 14;- 
 P. O. Harrison; born in Genesee Co., N. 
 Y., Aug. 34, 1811 ; came to this Co. in 1837 ; 
 settled here; built sawmill in Rockton 
 where the water power is in that place; 
 this was one of the first mills erected in 
 this Co.; was engaged in the milling busi 
 ness about five years, then sold out and 
 devoted his entire attention to farming; 
 owns about 4')0 acres at llarrison; married 
 Louisa R. Mosher, June 15, 1846 ; she died 
 May 9, 1847 : married again to Martha A. 
 Rickhow, Oct. 5, 1853 ; she was ' born in 
 Great Bend, Penn., March 5, 1831; have 
 four children, Brittain, Nellie, Ellsworth 
 and Fred; Mr. J. was Justice four years; 
 was the first School Treasurer appointed 
 for the town of Harrison, and held it 18 
 years; he laid out the village of Harrison 
 in 1848 ; the family attend the Methodist 
 church. 
 
 JEWETT JOHX R. Farmer; Sec. 
 23; p. O. Harrison; born in Conn., Aug. 
 33, 1815; came to this Co. in 1838; owns 
 120 acres land ; married Elizabeth M. Gil- 
 mour, May 23, 1850; she was born in Ky., 
 Sept. 4, 1833 ; came here in 1847 ; have four 
 children living, John R., George L., Rob- 
 ert B., and Abbie E. ; lost two, Clara A. 
 and Elizabeth C. ; Mr. Jewett has been five 
 times elected Justice of the Peace; was 
 Commissioner of Highways three years, 
 and School Director for quite a number of 
 years; he left Buti'itlo to come to this Co. 
 the same day the banks resumed specie 
 payment after the panic of '36; he fre- 
 quently worked for old Stephen Mack who 
 was here with the Indians; kept a trading 
 post at Mack's Pt., near the present site of 
 Rockton; Mr. J. built the first bridge that 
 ever spanned Rock river in this State. 
 
 K 
 
 EEGAN WM. 
 O. Durand. 
 
 H. laborer; Sec. 19; P. 
 
 Keuyou D. laborer; Sec. .21; P. 0. Harrison. 
 
 King Geo. rents farm; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Kinney David, Sec. 26; P.O. Harrison. 
 
 KNAPP WM. Farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. 
 Harrison ; born in Roxbury, Vt., Nov. 14, 
 1836; came to this Co. in 1846; owns 174 
 acres land; married Lois Ellis, Jan. 23, 
 1864; she was born in Canada, May 39, 
 1838; came to this Co. in 1846; married to 
 James P. Conklin, who died in 1862, leav- 
 ing Mrs. C. with three childi-en, Amos E., 
 Urzilla, and George H. ; by second mar- 
 riage she has two, Ada May and Fred N<i- 
 than ; Mr. K. came here when 10 years old ; 
 all wild land, except now and then a farm ; 
 could drive in any direction for miles with- 
 out encountering a fence; he is serving his 
 second term as Overseer of highways. 
 
 KI^IGHT MRS. AirX, Farming; 
 Sec. 34; P.O. Harrison; born in Cum- 
 bei-land. Me., Aug. 6, 1816 ; maiden name 
 was Winslow; married to Eldridge King, 
 Sept. 6, 1839; had three children, Gilbert 
 E., Almeda J., and Amanda J.; Mr. King 
 died Jan. 4, 1844; was married to Peter 
 Knight, June 24, 1847 ; they came to this 
 Co. in 1854; owns 60 acres land, valued at 
 $1,800; have seven children, Charles H., 
 Nathan H , Elzura J., James H., Sarah 
 Ann, Elnora E., and Alta M.; Mr. Knight 
 died July 11, 1867; Mrs. K.'s oldest sou 
 was in the 74th I. V.I. ; was with the regt. 
 in all the marches, battles, etc. ; Mrs. Knight 
 and family attend the Methodist church; 
 she remembers when Harrison was wild 
 prairie ; plenty of wolves, deer and other 
 game. 
 
 Knight Chas. rents farm; Sec. 34; P.O.Har- 
 rison. 
 
 Knight James, Sec 34; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Knight N. laborer ; Sec. 34 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 IGHTHEART HENRY, farmer; Sec 
 14; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 L 
 
HARRISON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 599 
 
 M 
 
 Lightheart Lewis, laborer; Harrison. 
 
 I.ORD RIJFITS, Farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. 
 Durand ; born in Norwicli, Conn., April 
 17, 1826; came to this Co. in 1846; owns 
 157 acres land ; married Esther M. Camp- 
 bell, Nov. 29, 1849 ; she was born in N. Y., 
 June 20, 1825; have no children of their 
 own; one adopted daughter, Mary J. 
 Crovvly, born in Howard (now Durand), 
 May 31, 1855; was married Feb. 24, 1876, 
 to Henry Fritz, born in Durand; farms 
 Mr. Lord's place; Mr. L. landed in Rock- 
 . ford on the 5th day of August, 1846, which 
 then only contained two stores on the east 
 and two on the west side ; the walls ot 
 Porter's drug store were being built ; Mrs. 
 Lord is the daughter of Delmont and Per- 
 melia Campbell, who came to Durand in 
 1847, where they resided until 1852, when 
 Mrs. Campbell died, aged 51 years; Mr. 
 C. died in 1868, aged 68; Mr. L. was Jus- 
 tice of the Peace 3 years. Trustee 6 years, 
 and School Director for 15 years. 
 
 Long Andrew, laborer; Harrison. 
 
 Lovesee Edwin, physician ; Harrison. 
 
 cCOLLOUGH WILLIAM, farmer; 
 Sec. 80; P.O. Durand. 
 
 McCOY MARTIlf, Farmer; Sec. 29; 
 P. O. Durand ; born in Penn., Feb. 23, 
 1818 ; married Sarah Chandler, March 30, 
 1837 ; she was born in Randolph Co.,N.C., 
 June 2, 1818 ; they came to this Co. in 
 1838 ; settled on the farm where he now 
 resides ; owns 185 acres land ; have three 
 children living: Ellen, now Mrs. Smith; 
 Nancy Doolittle; her little son, Martin, 
 lives with his grand parents ; was born in 
 March, 1865; Estella Rock.slead, the 
 youngest daughter, makes her home with 
 her parents; has one child, Raymond 
 De F. ; her husband, Andrew Rockstead, 
 was a member of the 74th I. V. I. ; was in 
 37 engagements; was in Sherman's army 
 until they reached Atlanta, then returned 
 with Thomas to Franklin, Nashville, etc.; 
 was mustered out at the close of the war. 
 
 McKearn James, Sec. 14; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 McMahon J. farm ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 MAGEE IRVING 'W. Farmer; Sec. 
 19; P.O. Durand; born in Cayuga Co., 
 N. Y., April 4, 1886 ; moved to York, San- 
 dusky Co., Ohio, in 1887; came to this Co. 
 in 1841; his father settled in Durand, 
 where he remained until 1875, when he 
 died, at the age of 64; lived on the same 
 farm over 34 years; his mother still re- 
 sides on the old homestead; is 65 years 
 old; is the mother of ten children; seven 
 living; Julia A., Irving W., Martha, La- 
 vina, Wilson, Alice, Nancy, and Minnie; 
 lost three, William and Will Nathan; 
 Eastman died in 1862, from wounds re- 
 ceived in the battle of Fort Donelson ; he 
 was in the 11th I. V. I. ; Irving came to 
 the farm he now resides upon in 1860; 
 owns 43 acres land ; married Beruah Han- 
 
 ford, Oct. 22, 1859; she was born in Mich., 
 Sept. 8, 1888; have two children, Permelia 
 and William. 
 
 Machon Michael, P. O. Durand. 
 Marshall James, Sec. 34; P. O. Harrison. 
 Merchant Alva, laborer; Harrison. 
 
 MILLER CHRISTOPHER, La- 
 borer; born in Monroe Co., N. Y., April 9, 
 1851; came to this Co. in 1868; sou of 
 Samuel Miller, formerly of Burritt, now 
 living in Mich., aged 68 ; his mother died 
 in N. Y., in 1867, aged 48; he makes his 
 home with Robert Oliver, Sec. 36; P.O. 
 Harrison; Mr. Oliver owns 162 acres land; 
 married jane Atkinson, of Harrison, in 
 1866 ; they have three children, William 
 George, Robert C, and Guy T. ; is Com- 
 missioner of Highways and Assessor; Mr. 
 O. enlisted Sept. 9, 1861, in Co. C, 55lh I. 
 V. I., as a private ; was promo^^ed through 
 the different grades until Nov. 1, 1864, 
 when he received a commission as Capt., 
 which he held until the close of the war ; 
 participated in 80 general engagements, 
 beginning with Shiloh, following Sher- 
 man through his campaigns to the sea, 
 finally ending with the battle of Benton- 
 ville, N. C, March 20 and 21, 1865, being 
 under tire in all 120 days ; and had the 
 honor of leading Co. C, of the old and 
 war-worn 55th through the Washington 
 grand review. May 24, 1865 ; traveled 12,- 
 000 miles. 
 
 Moate Henry, farm ; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Moate Saml. farm ; Sec. 80 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Moore P. merchant and hotel ; Harrison. 
 
 Morey Albert, farm; Sec. 29; P. O. Dufand. 
 
 MORRISON HAMIEL.^ Farmer; 
 Sec. 22 ; P. O. Harrison ; born m Scotland, 
 Jan. 12, 1818; came to this Co. in 1846; 
 was married Jime 6, 1857, to Mary Col- 
 grove; they have two children: Nellie, 
 born March 17, 1860, and Annie May, Oct. 
 23, 1861; the tamily attend the M. E. 
 Church, of which Nellie is a member; 
 Mr. M. superintended the building of 
 Hanchetl's dam, at Harrison; he enlisted 
 in the 14th III. Cav., in February, 1868; 
 was with Gen. Burnside in his raid to 
 Tenu., over the Cumberland Mountains to 
 Knoxville; there durmg the siege; skirm- 
 ishing with Longstreet every day lor 
 about two months ; followed him to Bris- 
 tol, Va. ; was with Gen. Stoncman in sev- 
 eral actions in Georgia; was captured 
 near Millidgeviile, and kept prisoner for 
 nearly live months, at Florence and An- 
 dersonville; was exchanged and mustered 
 out in June, 1865. 
 
 AKES HATFIELD, farmer; Sec. 21; 
 
 P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Oakes Horace, Sec. 21 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 OLIVER ADAM, Farmer; Sec. 27; P. 
 
 O. Harrison; born in Ireland, Feb. 2, 
 
 1825; married Mary Marshall, in 1852; 
 
 o 
 
600 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTOKY: 
 
 i 
 
 went to California, where she died, in 
 1857 ; had one child, Mary Jane ; returned 
 to New York, and married Agnes Mar- 
 shall, June 17, 1858; she was boi"n in Ire- 
 land, July 17, 1836; have seven children 
 living: Libbie, born May 10, 1859; Annie 
 L., Sept. 3, 1860; Ellen, Sept. 18, 1868; 
 Martha, March 8, 1865; Hattie, April 16, 
 1866 ; Ida F., Feb. 5, 1868 ; and James R., 
 
 Jan. 17, 1870 ; lost three : , May 8, 1863 ; 
 
 Robert, Sept. 17, 1863, and Nettie, Feb. 27, 
 1869; they all attend the Presbyterian 
 Church; the mother of Mrs. Oliver (Mary 
 Marshall), aged 93, resides with her; is 
 very smart and active; has the use of all 
 her faculties ; can use her needle as deftly 
 as any girl ; is supposed to be the oldest 
 person now living in Harrison. 
 
 Oliver Jas. rents farm ; S. 25 ; P.O. Harrison. 
 
 Oliver Robert, Sec. 36 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 PALMER GEORGE W. Sec. 16; P. O. 
 Harrison. 
 Palmer H. farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 Panning Chas. J. Sec. 20; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 PARKIER JOHN C. Farmer; Sec. 
 26; P.O.Harrison; born in Sangamon 
 Co., 111., May 20, 1826; came to this Co. 
 in 1838; owns 60 acres land; married 
 Elizabeth Scott, Aug. 17, 1848; she was 
 born in Huron Co., Ohio, July 4, 1830, 
 came here in 1839 ; they have three chil- 
 dren living: Emily, born June 20, 1849; 
 Almeda, Jan.l, 1854; and Charles Eugene, 
 Jan. 2, 1869; lost one daughter, Amanda, 
 in 1851, aged 9 mouths ; when Mr. Parker 
 came to this Co. there were four cabins 
 beside his own in this town ; one at Kil- 
 burn's Grove; there were five hundred 
 Winnebago Indians at the mouth of 
 
 , Pecatonica (Rockton), where the veteran 
 pioneer Stephen Mack had a trading 
 house; was the first white settler in this 
 Co. ; Mr. P. worked one summer when he 
 was a boy ; Republican. 
 
 Patterson Fred, farm ; Sec. 20 ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Patterson J. farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 PATTERSON L.EWI1S, Farmer; 
 Sec. 20 ; P. O. Durand ; born in Lower 
 Canada, Feb. 16, 1818; married Emily 
 Blackburn, in May, 1839 ; she was born in 
 Ohio, March 5, 1821 ; came to this Co. in 
 1839 ; owns 120 acres land ; they have two 
 children living: Frederick W., born 
 April 5, 1846, and Marion, Oct. 21, 1855 ; 
 lost two sons in the army; John A. was 
 wounded at the battle of Shiloh, and taken 
 prisoner, where it is supposed he died, as 
 he was not heard of afterward ; George C. 
 was killed at the battle of Franklin, 
 Tenn. ; was in Co. B, 72d I. V. I. ; had 
 serve^l 2 years and 4 months ; Mr. P. has 
 been Justice of the Peace 15 years, served 
 three terms as Collector, four as Assessor, 
 and has been School Director for 20 years ; 
 the only survivng sou, Fredric, married 
 
 R 
 
 Erdell Kilburn, in 1869 ; live with parents ; 
 have one child, Emily Kate; lost one, 
 Alice. 
 
 Petett Henry, ftirm; Sec. 20; P. O. Durand. 
 
 PERRY ElilAIS, Farmer; Sec. 31; 
 P. O. Rockford ; born in Co. of Rutland, 
 Eng., in 1827; came to N. Y. in 1854; was 
 6 months in Butl'alo; lived a year in South 
 Reading, Mass.; returned to England; 
 came to this Co. in 1856; located where 
 he now resides ; Republican ; Methodist ; 
 owns 151 acres, valued at $4,530; married 
 July 19, 1860, Mrs. Sophia, widow of Ju- 
 lius Sass; she was born in Prussia, in 
 1834; came to this Co. in 1856; maiden 
 name was Schmidt; has one son, Wm. J. 
 Sass, by first marriage; Mr. P. has no 
 children. 
 
 Phillips Jerome, wagon maker; Harrison. 
 Phillips W. farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. Harrison. 
 Plant Wm. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Durand. 
 Prindle J. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Durand. 
 Putnam 8. C. renter ; Sec. 21 ; P.O. Harrison. 
 
 ECOR HENRY, laborer; Sec. 19; P.O. 
 Durand. 
 
 Recor P. laborer; Sec. 17; P. O. Durand. 
 Riley Wm. Sec. 34; P. O. Harrison. 
 Ruhl David, Sec. 35; P.O. Harrison. 
 Ruhl Luther, Sec. 35 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 O ARVIN ROSS, P. O. Durand. 
 
 Sarvin Steward, P. O. Durand. 
 
 Scott Chas. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Scott Geo. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Scott Jas. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Scott Jno. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Shepardson Josiah, Harrison. 
 
 Shepardson S. D. renter; Sec. 24; P. O. 
 
 Harrison. 
 Sherman B. C. farm ; S. 21 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 Sherman Benj. Sec. 21 ; P. O. Sherman. 
 Shumway C. laborer; S. 20; P. O. Harrison. 
 Smith Belden C. farmer; P. O. Harrison. 
 Smith F. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Harrison. 
 Smith J. J. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Durand. 
 
 SMITH RICHARD H. Merchant; 
 Harrison; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Aus:. 
 17, 1806 ; came to Hancock Co., 111., in 1839 ; 
 married Mrs. Mary A. Oilman, in Nov., 
 1839 ; she was the daughter of John Wool- 
 folk, of Louisville, Ky. ; born in Carolina 
 Co., Va., Oct. 16, 1808 ; mother of six chil- 
 dren ; two by first marriage, Elizabeth and 
 Gabriella; and four by last, Annie and 
 Mary (twins), Richard and Lawrence S. ; 
 only one now living; Mr. S. was Post- 
 Master here 18 years, Town Clerk same ; 
 Trustee one term, and School Director a 
 number of years; is a Republican. 
 
 Sniveley A. wagon maker; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 1 
 
HAKKISON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 601 
 
 Snively Wm. renter; Sec. 27; P.O. Harrison. 
 Sodaman W. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Durand. 
 Statker Jas, renter; Sec. 20; P. O. Durand. 
 Strawn Mahlon, laborer ; P. O. Durand. 
 Swindle Chas. Sec. 33 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 T 
 
 ODD GEORGE, Sec. 25 ; 
 son. 
 
 P. O. Harri- 
 
 TODD MRS. HANNAH P. 
 
 (widow); Farming; bee. 25 ; P.O.Harri- 
 son; maiden name was Vadakin; born in 
 Wayne Co., Penn., Nov. 5, 1819; owns 166 
 acres laud, valued at $7,500; married Jon- 
 athan Todd, Jan. 17, 1847; he was born in 
 N. J., April 20, 1826; came to this Co. in 
 1855 ; was an active and influential mem- 
 ber of the M. E. Church ; was instrumental 
 
 , in building the church situated on a part 
 of his farm, which he donated for that 
 purpose; died April 13, 1871 ; Mrs. Todd 
 has four children, Milton I., born Sept. 6, 
 1847; Geo. R., March 8, 1849; Daniel D., 
 Oct. 6, 1851 ; and Marilla Jane, May 15, 
 1855 ; she has been a member of the M. E. 
 Church for 37 years; they have resided on 
 the same farm for 22 years. 
 
 Todd Milton, Sec. 25; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Torson Nere, farmer; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Tunison D. K. Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Tunison Wm. Sec. 33 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Tolman L. D. renter; Sec. 18; P. O. Durand. 
 
 T TRQUEHART WILLIAM. 
 
 VAN DYKE CORNELIUS, renter; Sec. 
 23 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 VAN SliYKK ISAAC, Black- 
 smith; Harrison; born in Dutchess Co.,N. 
 y., July 10, 1818; moved to Fulton Co. in 
 1827; came west in 1839; stopped in Chi- 
 cago which at that time was nothing but a 
 mud hole; stopped with Mr. Hill, who 
 kept the old yellow tavern on Lake street, 
 where he was employed as a runner at the 
 boat landing; left there the following 
 year; came to this Co. in 1840, where he 
 has remained ever since ; married Philo 
 Ann Cleaveland, Feb. 1850; she was 
 born in Cataraugus Co., N. Y., Jan. 24, 
 1829; they have four children living, Mar- 
 tin C, Alice S., Jay I. and Eva Jane ; lost 
 one, in infancy: Sir. Van was Commis- 
 sioner of Highways one term ; has been 
 School Director for a great many years ; 
 Democrat. 
 
 VanWicklinC.laborer; S.35; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 WAINRIGHT CHAS. laborer; Sec. 29; 
 P. O. Durand. 
 Warren A. farmer; Sec 18; P. O. Durand. 
 Warren D. laborer; Sec. 19; P. O. Durand. 
 Watson F. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 WEATHERHEAD JAS. R. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Durand; born in 
 
 Sullivan Co., N. H., Oct. 6, 1818; married 
 Nancy Fisher, Dec. 10, 1843; they had six 
 children; tour living, Martha J. Sweet, 
 Waiie, Celina II. Boomer and Mary Ann. ; 
 lost two, Elizabeth and Lucinda; Mrs. W. 
 died in 1857; he was married again to 
 Mrs. Sophia A. Jones, daughter of David 
 Baker, of Harrison ; she was b(jrn in On- 
 ondaga Co., N. Y. Nov. 23, 1820; had 
 three children by her first marriage; two 
 living; two by second marriage, Minnie, 
 aged 17 ; and Ettie, 15 ; Mr. W. was on the 
 jury in 1844, the first jury ever empaneled 
 in the old Court House ; was on tlie Mc- 
 Kuney trial ; could not agree, consequently 
 had to sleep three nights on the floor of 
 the old Winnebago House. 
 
 Western C. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Whelherhead W. farm; S. 32; P. O. Durand. 
 
 White A. renter; Sec. 17; P. O. Durand. 
 
 White Geo. farm; Sec. 17; P. O. Durand. 
 
 WIIililAMS JAS. M. Farmer; Sec. 
 28 ; P. O. Harrison ; born in Boston, Erie 
 Co., N. Y., Nov. 14, 1820; came to this Co. 
 in 1845; owns 415 acres land, valued at 
 $11,000; married Maria E. Biveus, March 
 6, 1851 ; she was born in London, Mont- 
 gomery Co., Penn., Dec. 31, 1826; they 
 have five children, Mary H., born Feb. 6, 
 1852; Alice C, June 22, 1854; Charles H., 
 July 26, 1857; Orin, Feb. 26, 1859; Rilla 
 A., Sept. 2, 1865 ; Mr. W. was Constable, 
 Assessor and Collector the first year of 
 the town's organization ; been Assessor 15 
 years, and Commissioner of Highways 5 
 years; he once started to Chicago with 
 150 bushels of wlieat and 10 barrels of 
 flour, with four wagous and six yokes of 
 oxen ; was gone 20 days and brougiit back 
 with him the burrs for Talcott's Mills at 
 Rockton, weighing four tons. 
 
 ^VIIil^IAMS rUCIEN, Dairy 
 Farm ; P. O. Harrison ; born in Onondaga 
 Co., N. Y., June 21, 1821; married Mary 
 E. Arnold, April 3, 1850 ; she was born in 
 Royaltown, N. Y., Dec. 16, 1830; came to 
 this Co. in 1852 ; owns about 800 acres 
 land; have seven children living: Fannie 
 A., born April 21, 1853 ; Ida M., Oct. 29, 
 1854 ; Rosamond, June 8, 1856 ; Evelyn T., 
 March 3, 1863; Myra J., Nov. 9, 1866;' 
 Chas. L., Sept. 16, 1869; and Indiola, Jan. 
 5, 1872; lost three, Mary, Ella and Jessie; 
 Mr. W. was Supervisor and Commissioner 
 of Highways for two years; Town Treas- 
 urer for several years, and has held other 
 minor offices; he is proprietor of the most 
 extensive dairy in this Co.; milks 100 
 cows, and turns out about 20,000 pounds of 
 butter annually ; has an arrangement for 
 churning by power; annuallj' sells about 
 100 head of fine hogs, weighing in the ag- 
 gregate, 30,000 ; the family attend the M. 
 E. Church. 
 
 Winright — , laborer ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Dui-and. 
 
602 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTOBT: 
 
 ^WISHOP AlfDKElV, Farmer; Sec. 
 23; P. O. Harrison; born in Scotland, 
 Sept. 5, 1819 ; came to N. J. in 1841 ; mar- 
 ried Isabella Hunter in 1843; she was 
 born in Scotland, in 1819; five children, 
 Mary H., Isabella, Andrew, Martin and 
 John; lost two, David and Ellen; they 
 came to this Co. in 1856; owns 190 acres 
 land; Mrs. W. died in 1858; married 
 again in 1863, to Mrs. Elizabeth Van 
 Ausdale, daughter of Cornelius and Ra- 
 chel Van Dyke, who reside with them ; 
 both over 80 years old ; Mr. Wishop has 
 
 ^ 
 
 been School Director for 9 years, and was 
 last spring elected Justice of the Peace; 
 the family all belong to the M. E. Church; 
 he is a Republican. 
 
 Wishop A. Sr. farm; Sec.23; P.O. Rockford. 
 Wishop J. H. renter ; Sec.25 ; P.O. Harrison. 
 Woods J. farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Harrison. 
 Woods Wm. farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. Harrison. 
 
 I 
 
 Y 
 
 OUNG THEODORE W. farmer; Sec. 
 35; P. O. Harrison. 
 
DTJBAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 603 
 
 DURAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 A BEL GEORGE, rents farm ; Durand. 
 
 Alexander A. farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Anderson F.farm laborer ; S.23 ; P.O.Durand. 
 Anderson Martin, painter ; Durand. 
 
 A s H T o :n host, ax j>rk^v. 
 
 Merchant ; Durand ; born in Argyle, Wash- 
 ington Co., N. Y., in 1832; went to Cali- 
 fornia in 1852; worked 3 years in the gold 
 mines; returned to N. Y. ; went into mer- 
 cantile business at Oswego ; continued it 5 
 years ; came to this town and entered busi- 
 ness in 1861 ; married Miss Mary J. John- 
 son, a native of Oswego Co., N. Y., in 1862 ; 
 has four children, Carrie M., Frank J., 
 Willard H. and Bertha, aged respectively, 
 14, 10, 8, and 5 years ; he represented the 
 good people of this district in the 29th 
 General Assembly; was re-elected in 1876, 
 and is one of tlie independent members of 
 whom his constituents can say, "Well 
 done, thou good and faithful servant;" he 
 is a believer, but independent in religion 
 and politics. 
 Ashton W. J. grain dealer ; Durand. 
 
 B 
 
 ALDWIN D. F. plasterer; Durand. 
 
 V 
 
 .y 
 
 Baldwin E. bricklayer and plasterer; Sec. 
 
 24; P. O. Durand. 
 Baringham Delos W. Sec. 26; P. O. Durand. 
 Baringham J. fiirmer; Sec. 26; P.O. Durand. 
 Baringham H. son of Matthew ; Sec. 36 ; P. 
 
 O. Durand. 
 Baringham J. D. Sec. 26; P.O. Durand. 
 Baringham Mat. farm ; Sec.36 ; P.O. Durand. 
 Baringham N. J. lives with father ; Sec. 26 ; 
 
 P. O. Durand. 
 Baringham Thos. lives with father, Matthew ; 
 
 Sec. 36 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 BATES AliMAir B. Farmer; Sec. 
 10; P. O. Durand ; born in Hampshire Co.. 
 Mass., Aug. 22, 1826 ; his father died there, 
 Nov. 8, 1828 ; his mother, with him and 
 I two other children, moved to St. Albans, 
 |Vt., in 1830; lived there until 1835; then 
 in comjmny with his uncle, Newman 
 ! Campbell, they came West, traveling by 
 j wagon through a country sparsely popu- 
 { lated, to Laporte, Ind. ; Aug. 15, 1837, they 
 ~ I arrived in :this Co. ; at that early day, 
 ' clothing, groceries and other necessaries, 
 were not easily obtained here; the native 
 talents a^d untiring industry of the widow 
 and her children, were well tested in pro- 
 curing food and raiment, and in making a 
 home of their own ; she, being an expert 
 with the needle, did much of the sewing 
 for the lady settlers, the boys doing the 
 rough outside labor incident to a new 
 
 country, while their little sister, Laura J., ^ 
 afterwards wife of John Campbell, assist- 
 ed the mother within; in 1842 their house, 
 furniture and clothing were destroyed by 
 fire; Chicago, Milwaukee and other dis- 
 tant places were their nearest markets, 
 sometimes taking twelve days to make the 
 round trip; the two boys were one night 
 followed five miles by hungry wolves, that 
 were kept at bay by their faithful dog; 
 Mr. B. was married July 4, 1847, to Miss 
 Sophia, daughter of William and Fanny 
 Campbell, of St. Albans, Vt. ; she was born 
 Sept. 23, 1829; they have six children, 
 Ellen A., Rollin W., Ovid B., Frank F., 
 Carrie L., and Hattie May, aged 29, 26, 28, 
 21, 19, and 10 years; owns 112 acres, val- 
 ued at $5,600 ; Independent in religion and 
 politics ; was Path Master and School Di- 
 rector; his mother, who was the second 
 wife of Wm. . Sylvester, died March 7, 
 1853, in her 59th year, and is buried at Ft. 
 Winnebago. 
 
 Bates A. J. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Bates Charles. 
 
 Bates J. A. works for Jas. Kiley ; Sec. 35 ; P. 
 O. Durand. 
 
 Bates Rollin W. Sec. 22; P. O. Durand. 
 
 BECKER JACOB, Farmer; Sec. 
 16; P. O. Durand; born in Hesse Darm- 
 stadt, Germany, Aug. 30, 1844; his parents 
 came to 111. in 1846, and settled in Stephen- 
 son Co. ; he enlisted in 46th I. V. I., Co. C, 
 Jan. 27, 1865; was in battle of Ft. Blakely, 
 Ala. ; discharged at Baton Rouge, Jan. 20, 
 1866 ; married; Feb. 25, 1868, to Miss Lydia, 
 daughter of Ula and Carrie Garder; she 
 was'born in that Co., April 18, 1844; has 
 five children ; Oscar D., born Jan. 19, 1869 ; 
 Carrie E., July 24, 1870; Jane M., Sept. 28, 
 1871; Walter A., Oct. 23,1874; Mary H., 
 Sept. 17, 1876; came to this Co. in 1872; 
 owns 118 acres, valued at .f 5,900, U. S. cur- 
 rency; Methodist; was Path Master and 
 School Director. 
 
 BEEMER EBWARB A. Farmer; 
 Sec. 22; P.O. Durand; born in Morrow 
 Co., O., June 6, 1848; moved with his 
 parents to Wis. in 1856; came to this Co. 
 in 1864; Sept. 22, 1869, married Miss Ellen 
 A., daughter of Alman B. and Sophia 
 Bntes, of Durand; have two children, 
 Willis E., born Oct. 4, 1871, and William 
 A., Dec. 13, 1872; rents 80 acres from his 
 father, William, who lives with him; his 
 sister, Mary A., also lives with him; Dem- 
 ocrat; Independent f land valued at |4,000. 
 
 Beemer Wm. farmer; Sec. 22; P.O. Durand. 
 Best Albert, lives with father, R. Best; Sec. 
 
 19 ; P. O. Davis. 
 Best Erven, farmer; Sec. 12; P.O. Davis. 
 
604 
 
 WINJSTEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTOBT: 
 
 Best J. N. farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P.O. Davis. 
 Best Nich. farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. Davis. 
 Best Reuben, farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Davis. 
 
 B£$$T SIMOX PETER, Farmer; 
 Sec. 20 ; P. O. Davis ; born in Northamp- 
 ton Co., Penn., April 13, 1844; came witli 
 his parents to tliis Co. in 1855; married 
 Miss Lizzie H., daughter of Jonathan and 
 Lydia Matter, Feb. 13, 1868 ; has four chil- 
 dren ; Fernando, born Oct. 10, 1869 ; Ar- 
 thur J., Dec. 7, 1870; Jacob E., Oct. 14, 
 1872; Wallace V., Aug. 22, 1874; owns 150 
 acres, value $7,500 ; Republican ; Evangel- 
 ical ; has been Path Master several years. 
 
 Best Wm. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Davis. 
 
 Blake Milan, hardware merchant; Durand. 
 
 BliAKE BROIS. Hardware Merchants 
 and Dealers in General Groceries ; Durand ; 
 are sons of John Blake, Esq., of Pecaton- 
 ica Tp. ; the senior partner, Milan A., 
 served in the 134th I. V. I (100 days); is 
 married to Miss Jane P. Eames, daughter 
 of Mrs. D. W. Goodrich, and has three 
 children, Ada, Lulu and Clair A., aged 7, 
 4 and 2; Andrew S. is married to Miss 
 Emily, daughter of the late Wm. Cran- 
 dall, M. D., of this town ; has one son, 
 Arthur C, born May 1,1875; they suc- 
 ceeded H. Burrell & Bro., in Dec, 1872, in 
 the old frame building, cor. of Center and 
 Howard sts. ; in 1876 they erected a two- 
 story stone and brick building, 25 by 80 
 ft., having shops in basement fitted up for 
 the manufacture of tinware, etc.; it is the 
 most substantial, large and well arranged 
 business house in the place ; they appear 
 to carry an extensive stock, and do a good 
 business in hardware, stoves, agricultural 
 implements and groceries; Republican; 
 Independent ; own real estate worth $8,000. 
 
 Blake S. A. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Bowen A. H. farm hand ; S.15 ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Bowen Geo. laborer; Sec. 9; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Brannan M. farmer and lime burner; Sec. 
 21 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Bratt John, blacksmith ; Durand. 
 
 Breed Rufus, laborer; Durand. 
 
 Brooks E. H. carpenter ; Durand. 
 
 Burr Lewis, barber ; Durand. 
 
 Byrne John, grocer ; Durand. 
 
 /^ALDWELL G. W. physician; Durand. 
 
 CAMPBEIili DAVID, Farmer; Sec. 
 33; P. O. Durand; born on Grand Isle, 
 Vt., March 24, 1815; only 12 years old 
 when mother died; left paternal home 
 soon after to seek his livelihood and in- 
 dependence ; at 19, he went to Cambria, 
 Niagara Co., N. Y., thence to LaPorte, 
 Ind., thence to this Co., in 1836 ; located 
 160 acres; made improvements and a 
 home ; when 24, he returned to Vermont, 
 where he remained during the winter of 
 
 1839-40; married Miss Erixna, daughter 
 of Asa and Molly Barker, of Swan, Feb. 
 
 16, 1840 ; on the 19th, he, with his young , 
 wife, again turned his face towards the 
 setting sun and departed for his home in 
 
 the West, where they yet enjoy life in 
 comparative ease and comfort; had six 
 children, four are living, Zeno A., born 
 Jan. 14, 1843; Adeline A., June 30, 1847; 
 Arba Z., Nov. 27, 1852; Lois I., March 
 
 17, 1858; children are all married, living 
 in their own homesteads; Mr. C. owns 
 168 acres, valued at $7,000 ; Republican ; 
 Spiritualist; has been Assessor for nearly 
 a quarter of a century; School Director 
 and Commissioner. 
 
 Campbell E. S. farm; S. 28; P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 CAMPBEI^Ii FRANK B. Farmer; 
 Sec. 32; P. O. Pecatonica; born in this 
 Co., July 25, 1846 ; son of Jeremiah and 
 Cynthia Campbell, natives of Vermont, 
 who came to this Co. in 1836; he was 
 married Dec. 29, 1870, to Miss Arabell, 
 daughter of D. D. and Olive Adams, of 
 Pecatonica Tp. ; have one child, Irene B., 
 born July 8, 1876 ; owns 430 acres land 
 valued at $20,000; Republican; Inde- 
 pendent; has been Path Master and 
 School Director. 
 
 CAMPBEI.L. HEMAIir, Farmer; 
 Sec. 23; P. O. Durand; born on Grand A 
 Isle, Vermont, Dec. 23, 1809 ; married, / ^ 
 April 2, 1833, Miss Sophia Crampton, of 
 Franklin Co., Vermont; came to this Co. 
 in January, 1837; Republican; Univer- 
 salist: owns 80 acres, valued at $4,000; 
 wife died in March, 1843 ; had five chil- 
 dren, Lucretia (died in 1861), Sophronia, 
 Elmina, Harriet, and Chester, who died in 
 infancy ; present wife, whom he married 
 in 1845, was Mrs. Malinda, widow of 
 Stephen Gillam, of Canada; her maiden 
 name was Tennant; she was bom 
 on Long Island, June 9, 1809: issue by 
 her, three children, Heman (killed at 
 Kenesaw Mountain),Henry and Arminda; 
 those living are married ; Henry works 
 the farm, together with 80 acres, worth 
 $4,000, which he owns ; he is married to 
 Miss Mary Doyle; is Republican; Inde- 
 pendent; Mrs. C.'s five children by first 
 husband are: Louisa, Ann, John, Sarah 
 and Margaret Gillam. 
 
 Campbell H. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Campbell Ira, farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P.O.Durand. 
 
 CAMPBEI^Ii JEREMIAH, Farm- 
 er; Sec. 33; P. O. Pecatonica; born on 
 Grand Isle, Vt., April 5, 1818; mother 
 died when he was in his 10th year; left 
 paternal roof, went to Wayne Co., N. Y., 
 when 15; lived 4 years there; went to 
 Oakland Co., Mich., thence to this town, 
 in 1838; on June 29, 1839, married Miss 
 Lois, daughter of Heman and Susan Hoit, 
 born at Si. Albans, Vt., May 9, 1824; she 
 died Feb. 17, 1842 ; on Oct. 19, 1848, he 
 married her sister, Miss Cynthia E. Hoit 
 
DUKAND T0WN8UIP. 
 
 605 
 
 born Nov. 11, 1828; has five children, 
 Edward S. (son of Lois), born Dec. 11, 
 1840; Romeo H., Sept. 15, 1844 (lives iu 
 Iowa); Frank B., July 25, 1846; Emma 
 L., June 10, 1S52 (died April 15, 18G4); 
 and Eva M., Dec. 21, 1854; la.st four 
 named ai'c issue of present marriai^e; 
 sold to his sons, E. S. and F. B., all his 
 lands except 80 acres, valued at $5,000, on 
 which himself, wife, and accomplished 
 daughter. Miss Eva, enjoy the comforts of 
 a happy and splendid home; Republican; 
 Universalist; has been School Trustee, 
 Director, and Road Commissioner. 
 Campbell W. H. farm; S. 13; P. O. Durand. 
 
 CANOSi OKOR<]}E B. Farmer; Sec. 
 30; P. O.Davis, Stevenson Co.; born in 
 Twinsburg, Summit Co., Ohio, Feb. 9, 
 1825; when 14 years old, went with his 
 parents to Iowa; remained there one year; 
 came to McDonough Co., 111. ; did not 
 like the location; moved to this Co. in 
 1840; married Miss Harriet L., daughter 
 of Wm. S. and Eliza Havnes, a native of 
 Dutchess Co., N.Y., on Aug. 31, 1846; has 
 four children, Walter S., born Aug. 29, 
 1847; Fidelia A., June 12, 1849; Wm. G., 
 Dec. 28, 1851; Lillie M., Aug. 14, 1865; 
 three eldest are married ; owns 226 acres ; 
 wife owns 38 in this and 12 in Stevenson 
 Co.; total, 276 acres; valued at $11,040; 
 enlisted in 74th I. V. I., Co. I, Aug. 15, 
 1862; was in battle of Perryville, and 
 the Lancaster skirmish; was mustered 
 out at Chicago, in July, 1865; honorably 
 discharged ; has been Overseer of High- 
 ways and some 18 years School Director; 
 Republican; Independent. 
 
 Canon W. G. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Davis. 
 
 Canon W. S. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Davrs. 
 
 Capron E. S. merchant tailor: Durand. 
 
 Carpenter Romeo, manufacturer buggies, 
 wagons, etc., Durand. 
 
 Cleft Charles E. laborer; Durand. 
 
 Cleft Earl, butcher; Durand. 
 
 Cleft Minor, laborer; Durand. 
 
 COCHRAN EliDRIDGE, Farmer; 
 Sec. 32; P. O. Pecatonica; born in this 
 Co., Feb. 6, 1840; educated at Oberlin 
 College, O.; came home in 1858; enlisted 
 in 74th I. V. I., Co. H., Aug. 3, 1862; mus- 
 tared in at Camp Fuller; reported at 
 Louisville, Ky. ; went through campaign 
 under Gen. Buel; in battle of Perryville; 
 lay in camp at Nashville; fought at Stone 
 River,Tullahoma and Stevenson; continu- 
 ous marches and skirmishes from June 4 
 until battle of Chicamau^a, in Sept.; 
 retreated to Chattanooga; besieged there 4 
 weeks; fought two days at Mission Rid»e 
 and Lookout Mountain; was wounded; 
 on forced march to Kuoxville to reinforce 
 army there; marched thence to Johnson's 
 Mills; wintered there, foraging and mill- 
 ing flour; skirmished through Georgia 
 campaign under Sherman ; was at battles 
 
 of Rockyface, Resaca, Calhoun, Kenne- 
 saw, and Atlanta; back to Nashville in 
 Gen.Thomas'corps ; fought the rebels there 
 under Hood ; pursued them to Huntsville 
 wintered there; tlience to Knoxville; 
 repairing railroad on North Carolina line 
 when President was assassinated; back to 
 Nashville for grand review; honorably 
 discharged at Ciiicago, June 10,1865 ; came 
 home; married, Sept. 11, 1870, Minerva 
 F., daugliter of Peter and Anna M. Mes- 
 singer; has five children living, Willard 
 W., Elmer M., Doric M., Willis E.. and 
 Moody L. ; owns 400 acres, valued at 
 $20,000; Republican; Independent. 
 Cole Amasa, farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. Durand. 
 
 COI^E E. V. Farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. 
 Durand; born in Steuben Co., N. Y., Mch. 
 10,1843: came to this Co. in 1866; pur- 
 chased 118 acres in this town; taught 
 school during the winter seasons; sent a 
 substitute to army in the late war; mar- 
 ried Miss Flora M., daughter of Wm. and 
 Eliza A. Crowlev, March 10, 1869; has 
 two children: Chas. M., born Feb. 22, 
 1872; and Fern M., Jan. 18, 1876; owns 
 114 acres land, valued at $6,840; Republi- 
 can; Methodist; has been Path Master and 
 School Director. ,• 
 
 Cole Geo. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 COI.E JOHX, Retired Farmer; Durand ; 
 born in Sussex Co., N. J., June 2, 1805; 
 married, 1828, Miss Annie Van Sickle, 
 born there, Dec. 29, 1810; went to Steuben 
 Co., N. Y., in 1833; came to this Co. in 
 1866; owns house and six town lots in, 
 and 41 acres north of village, all valued at 
 $3,500; Republican; Presbyterian; has 
 seven children living: Mary J., Sarah E., 
 Amasa C, Christian A., Edward Y., Mar- 
 garet S. and George P., aged respectively 
 48, 43, 39, 37, 34, 30 and 28 years ; George 
 P. lives on Sec. 21 ; owns 160 acres, valued 
 at $7,200; Republican; Independent; wife 
 was Miss E. A. Colton ; has one daughter, 
 Edith, born June 9, 1860. 
 
 Cole John, farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Corbon John, hog jobber; Durand. 
 
 COLTOX R«BT. Farmer; Sec. 28; 
 P. O. Durand; born in Nottinghamshire, 
 Eng., Oct. 15, 1819; came to this Co. in 
 1845; married, Jan. 15, 1847, Miss Martha 
 J., daughter of Kinslev and Lucinda 
 Rimes; wife died in April, 1858; same 
 year, on Sept. 15th, married Mrs. Annie, 
 daughter of Wm. and Sally Jane, and 
 widow of Roswcll Ranney ; has by present 
 wife, one son living, Wm. W.; and by first 
 wife has four livintr daughters, Leiilia C, 
 Elizabeth L., Grace' A. and Ann E.; his 
 wife has two children by her first mar- 
 riage, Emily L. and Amos D. Ranney; 
 owns 320 acres, valued at $16,000; Inde- 
 pendent in religion and politics; has been 
 School Director and Path Master. 
 
 Conley C. F. laborer; Durand. 
 
606 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTORT: 
 
 CORVTIN AMASA, Farmer; Sec. 
 26; P. O. Durand; born in this Co., April 
 27, 1849 ; enlisted in 134th I. V. 1., Co. E, 
 for 100 days; when time expired, he, with 
 most of the regiment, volunteered to aid 
 • and participate in Gen. Sherman's great 
 campaign ; received a certificate for hon- 
 orable and brilliant service, and the thanks 
 of President Lincoln,dated at Washington, 
 Dec. 16, 1864; married, Dec. 15, 1872,Miss 
 Mary Ann, daughter of Wm. Fell, who 
 was born in Pendel Hill, Lancashire, 
 Eng., Aug. 6, 1806, and whose wife was 
 Miss Sarah Barningham, a native of 
 Yorkshire, Eng., to whom he was married 
 in 1836; she died in 1868, leaving five 
 children : James, Petheria, Thomas, Sarah 
 A. and Mary Ann ; he came to this Co. in 
 1842; is a retired farmer; lives with his 
 son-in-law and youngest daughter, who 
 have one child, Edna L., born June 9, 
 1875; both are Republicans; Independ- 
 
 _^ _ents ; Mr. C. owns 81 acres, value $4,050. 
 
 '"'^DRIVIX MARCfclJIS li. Farmer; 
 ^ Sec. 31 ; P.O. Pecatonica ; born in this Co., 
 : Feb. 22, 1845 ; married, Feb. 26, 1865, to 
 
 Fidelia A., daughter of George B. and 
 Harriet L. Canon ; has two children, Net- 
 tie M., born Dec. 26, 1866 ; Eva L, May 5, 
 1870; owns 77I3 acres land, valued at 
 $4,000; Independent in politics and re- 
 ligion ; has been Path Master and School 
 Director. 
 Couse A. B. farm; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 COWAN l^M. DIKSIHORE, 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Davis; born in 
 Washington Co.^ N. Y., March 2, 1810; 
 parents died when he was 17 years old ; 
 worked at farming until he was 23 ; went 
 to Portage Co., O. ; lived there five years; 
 married Miss Susan Redner, a native of 
 Orange Co., N. Y. ; she was born Oct. 13, 
 1813; moved to Sandusky Co.; lived there 
 6 years; came to his present home in 
 1844 ; had six children : Frances A., born 
 and died in Portage Co., O. ; Theodore, 
 born in Sandusky Co., Oct. 10, 1838; 
 Maria and Sophia (twins), Sept. 22, 1842 ; 
 Maria died at Chicago, while on the way 
 to this place, March 2, 1844; Orlin D., 
 Nov. 7, 1848; and Augusta H., Jan. 29, 
 1850; all his living children except the 
 youngest are married ; owns 45 acres, wife 
 40, and son Theodore 90 acres, all valued 
 at $10,000; Republican; Methodist. 
 
 Cravens Benj. teamster; Durand. 
 
 Crowder A. farmer; Sec. 9; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Crowder H. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 CROWDER PAlTIi, Farmer; Sec. 
 9; P.O. Durand; born in Canada, July 14, 
 1809; married there, Feb. 7, 1832, Miss 
 Ann Holland, who was born in Ireland,in 
 1812; came tolthis Co. and located on his 
 present farm in 1851 ; owns 182 acres, 
 value $9,100 ; Democrat ; Methodist ; had 
 nine children, of whom six are living: 
 James G., Wm. G., Sarah M., Thomas E., 
 
 Joseph H. and Paul E., aged respectively 
 44, 36, 33, 30, 28 and 24 years; all his chil- 
 dren are married; his wife's father lost his 
 way and was frozen to death in the forests 
 of Canada. 
 
 Crowder T. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Crawford Alonzo E. Durand. 
 
 CROW^E IRA E. Farmer; Sec. 22; 
 P. O. Durand ; born in this Co., Dec. 25, 
 1844; enlisted in 153d I. V. I., Co. G; was 
 mustered into service at Marengo ; sent to 
 Camp Fry, and thence to Tullahoma, 
 Tenn.; was detailed to hospital duty and 
 was Surgeon's clerk until discharge at 
 Nashville. July 22, 1865 ; came home and 
 married Miss Mary A., daughter of Pat- 
 rick and Alice Harrigan, of this town, 
 Jan. 12, 1875 ; has one son, Edward G., 
 born July 3, 1876; owns 119 acres, valued 
 at $5,950; Democrat; Catholic: was School 
 Director and Overseer of Highways. 
 
 Crowe Jno. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Crowley W.A., Jr. farmer ; Sec. 13. 
 
 Crowley W. farmer; Sec. 13; P.O. Durand. 
 
 D 
 
 AUGHERTY PHILETUS C. renter; 
 Sec. 29 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Dale Lycurgus M. Sec. 31 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 DA VIES JOHIir, Manufacturer of 
 Boots and Shoes, Dealer in Ready-made 
 Clothing, Hats, Caps, Trunks, Valises and 
 Gents' Furnishing Goods ; Durand ; born 
 in Bridge End, Glamorganshire, South 
 Wales, March 9, 1832; went to boot and 
 shoe trade at 12 years of age ; emigrated to 
 Washington, D.C.,in 1854 ; worked at trade 
 there 18 months; in Chicago ,6 months, 
 and at Rockford 15 months ; came to this 
 town and entered into business Oct. 12, 
 1857; married, Dec. 6, 1859, Miss Emily 
 L., daughter of Solomon Webster, of 
 Laona; has five daughters: Elizabeth P., 
 born Sept. 19, I860; Annie J., Jan. 23, 
 1863 ; Harriet E., June 24, 1866 ; Martha 
 W., July 31, 1870; and Isabella L., Aug. 8, 
 1872; wife died March 19, 1874, aged 35 
 years; married again, Sept. 2, 1875, Miss 
 F. Louise, daughter of E. S. Capron, Esq. : 
 no children; owns 40 acres adjoining vil- 
 lage, his store building and two town lots, 
 valued at $4,000; Democrat; Methodist; 
 carries a large and well-selected stock of 
 goods, and certainly makes to order as 
 elegantly-finished fine boots as any city 
 can boast ; keeps only the very best men 
 on fine work, two of whom are Mr. W. 
 Edmison, who has worked for him 16 
 years, and Mr. F. Friedl, 13 years. 
 
 DAA^ DANIEIi, Farmer; Sec. 29; P. 
 O. Durand; born in Allegheny Co., Penn., 
 Nov. 12, 1822 ; moved to'Washington Co., 
 Ohio, in 1842; in October, 1844, married 
 Arbilla, daughter of Isaac and Hannah 
 Lackey, of that Co. ; in early life he fol- 
 lowed boating on the Ohio and Missis- 
 sippi; was pilot on these rivers several 
 
"*«»»*. 
 
 X" 
 
 DURAND TP 
 
 "ta rn^ 4^^C 
 
DUEAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 609 
 
 years; served 38 days in National Guard, 
 at Camp Putnam, during the Morgan raid 
 through Ohio; and nearly 2 years in For- 
 age Department, buying and delivering 
 supplies to the Government; came to this 
 Co. and settled on liis present farm in 
 April, 1865; has four children living: 
 Abby, born Feb. 24, 1849 ; H. W., March 
 30, 1851 ; Judson, March 7, 1857, and D. 
 L., Nov. 17, I860; owns 230 acres, worth 
 $10,900; Independent; Liberal; serving 
 second term as Commissioner of High- 
 ways ; several years School Director. 
 
 De«ATES MARK, Carpenter and 
 Builder; Sec. 28; P. O. Durand; is pre- 
 pared to do all kinds of carpenter and 
 joiner work, in the best and neatest man- 
 ner, on reasonable terms ; all work war- 
 ranted ; patronage solicited ; born in Steu- 
 ben Co., N. Y., Dec. 20, 1852; taught 
 school several winters; married Miss 
 Mary E. Smythe, of Allegheny Co., May 
 5, 1872 ; came to this Co. in 1866 ; has one 
 daughter, Ellenora, born July 19, 1874; 
 Republican; Independent; renter. 
 
 Derwent Chas. M. farm ; S. 35 ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Derwent Jno. H. farm ; Sec.35 ; P.O.Durand. 
 
 DERWEI^T SAMlTEIi, Farmer; 
 Sec. 34; P.O.Durand; born in Derby- 
 shire, Eng., m 1819 ; was married at Mo- 
 tram, Cheshire, in April, 1841, to Eliza- 
 beth Rowbotham; came to U. S. same 
 year; to this Co. in 1842; has three chil- 
 dren living: John H., born in this town, 
 Jan. 13, 1852; Flora A., Oct. 24, 1853; 
 Lilian M., Dec. 9, 1858; John H. is mar- 
 ried to Mary, daughter of Henry and El- 
 eanor Sarver; daughters are single and 
 live with parents; owns 356 acres, valued 
 at $13,000; Independent in religion 
 and politics; has served as Road 
 ■Commissioner, Supervisor, and School 
 Director; is Treasurer of Durand & Laona 
 Township Insurance Company. 
 
 DERWEKT THOMAS IV. Farm- 
 er; Sec. 35; P. O. Durand; born in Ches- 
 hire, Eng., in May, 1832; came to this Co. 
 in 1842; owns 386 acres, valued at $15,- 
 500 ; has lived, 35 years in this town, where 
 his father, John Derwent, died ; he is not 
 married; his mother superintends the 
 household department, assisted by an 
 amiable young lady, no relation ; Mr. D. 
 was 6 years School Director, and has 
 served as Constable. 
 
 Derwent Wm. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Dowd Lewis. 
 
 Doyle Garry, laborer; Durand. 
 
 DOYI.E MATTHE W,Retired Farm- 
 er; Durand; born in County Dublin, Ire- 
 land, in 1817; came to U. S. in 1835; 
 lived two years in Orange Co., N. Y. ; vis- 
 ited Ireland, traveled most of that country 
 and England, returned to Orange Co., 
 lived 5 years there, and in 1844 came to 
 this Co.; owns a farm of 420 acres, 13 
 
 town lots and a good residence, valued at 
 $25,000; Democrat; Catholic; married 
 Miss Martha Green, of Orange Co., N. Y., 
 in 1844; nocliildren. 
 
 Doyle Simon, laborer; Sec. 13; P.O.Durand. 
 
 Drake R. W. farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Duke Chas. A. farm laborer; Sec. 13; P. O. 
 Durand. 
 
 EDMISON WALLACE, boot and shoe- 
 maker; Durand. 
 Ely Fred, farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Durand. 
 Evans Alphonzo, farm; S. 13; P. O. Durand. 
 Evans Alfred, farm; Sec. 13; P. O. Durand. 
 
 FELL WILLIAM, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. 
 Durand. 
 Felts E. B. rents farm ; Sec. 25 ; P.O.Durand. 
 
 FEI.TS ELIJAH, Farmer; Sec. 26; 
 P. O. Durand ; born in Wilks Co., N. C, 
 June 23, 1810; married March 10, 1833, 
 Miss Elsie, daughter of Imlah and Lucia 
 Ball, of that Co. ; came to his present farm 
 in 1837; Republican; Baptist; owns 125 
 acres, valued at $6,000; left the South be- 
 cause, should he be blessed with children 
 and grow in riches, they might, under the 
 influence of "the peculiar institution," be- 
 come tyrannical, or, should poverty over- 
 take them, they would be only "poor 
 white trash," that could never rise; 
 through sickness and other misfortunes, 
 the journey North was long, tedious and 
 trying, extending over three years, having 
 had to sojourn in Indiana and Michigan; 
 so weary were they when they reached 
 this place, and so pleased with the beauty 
 of its scenery, its cool and gushing 
 spring, its grand old forest trees, and rich, 
 undulating prairie, that they decided here 
 to stop and live; they have been blessed 
 with fourteen children; eleven are living, 
 Susan A., Aaron M., Sarah J., Matilda, 
 Geor2;eW., Oliver, Edward B., Emeline, 
 OrriUa M., Charles, and Florence A.; one, 
 Matilda, who in early life became the 
 wife of Mr. J. A. Fletcher, has a liistory; 
 she has been known to the public for 
 eight years as an orator and writer of 
 great and diversified power of mind, en- 
 thusiastic in reforms, witliout being a 
 fanatic, a disliker of extremists and sham 
 reformers. 
 
 FEIiTS MRS. HESTER A. 
 
 Widow; Sec. 25; P.O.Durand; born m 
 Huron Co., Ohio, March 7, 1822; maiden 
 name was Knisxht; her father died in 
 Ohio; came to" this Co. with her step- 
 father, Tliomas Armstrong, in 1837; mar- 
 ried at Rockford, Jan. 7, 1839, to Aaron 
 Felts, born in North Carolina, Marcli 6, 
 1802; he came hero in 1836; died July 22, 
 1875; had eight children; five are living, 
 Sarah A., Agnes M., Althe E.. AVm. W., 
 and EflieMay; the last named two live 
 with her; owns 100 acres, valued at $5,000. 
 
610 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIEEOTORY: 
 
 Felts Wm. W. Sec. 25 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Fergusson M. rents farm; Sec. 33; P. O. Pe- 
 
 catonica. 
 Fleming P. farm; Sec. 33; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 Fenncr Wm. laborer; Durand. 
 
 FORSYTH OEO. W. Mechanic; 
 Sec. 34; P. O. Pecatonica; born in N. Y. 
 City, Aug. 15, 1839; was brought up to 
 the jewelry business; came to this State 
 and Co. in 18G1 ; married Miss Elvira S.. 
 daughter of Nahum and Jane Foster, of 
 Pecatonica, Feb. 22, 1871; has four chil- 
 dren : Emma E., born Dec. 3, 1871 ; Irene 
 E., June 5, 1873; Willard F., Nov. 16, 
 1874; and Mja-tle, July 25, 1877; owns 
 steam saw mill, and 3 acres land in the 
 village of Elton valued at $400, also part 
 owner of mill property and 80 acres in 
 Harrison Tp. ; Independent in religion 
 and politics ; is School Director. 
 
 Foss W. A. retired farmer ; Durand. 
 
 Franklin C. M. farm; Sec. 36; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Franklin M. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Fink J.W.farm laborer ;S.31 ;P.O.Pecatonica. 
 
 Friedl Frank, shoemaker; Durand. 
 
 FRITZ OFOROF, Farmer; Sec. 12; 
 P. O. Durand; born in Washington Co., 
 Md., Nov. 22, 1813 ; came to this Co. in 
 1837; owns 2003.^ acres, valued at $10,500; 
 Democrat ; Independent ; was several years 
 Justice of the Peace, and held other im- 
 portant offices; married Miss Cornelia 
 Jane, daughter ot Elijah Cleveland, of 
 Chenango Co., N. Y., Jan. 1, 1840; she 
 was born Nov. 29, 1818 ; they have four 
 children living: George A., Ann C, Ellen 
 
 A. and Henry J. ; all married except Ellen 
 A. ; George A. enlisted in 74th I. V. I., Co. 
 H., in Aug., 1862; was in battles of Stone 
 River, Perryville and Murfreesboro; took 
 sick, lay in hospital some time, was trans- 
 ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, and 
 finally mustered out at Louisville, Ky., 
 in 1865. 
 
 Fritz G. A. farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Durand. 
 
 FIJRI.05fCj} MRS. MARY M. 
 
 Widow; Sec. 13; P. O. Durand; born in 
 Ind , May 5, 1828 ; came with her parents, 
 Scott and Lovina Robb, to this Co. in 1836, 
 and settled in this town ; she married Wm. 
 Furlong, a native of Co. Wexford, Ireland, 
 in 1850; he had served five years in the 
 regular army before he came to this Co. in 
 1846 ; during the late war he served in Co. 
 
 B, 7th I. V. C, and after long service, 
 fighting for his adopted country, he was, 
 with eleven of his comrades, captured and 
 died a prisoner at Florence, S. C. ; Mrs. F. 
 draws a pension, and owns 50 acres, valued 
 at $2,000; has three children: Scott L., 
 born Nov. 30, 1851 ; John E., Dec. 15, 1853 ; 
 Ada M., Jan. 14, 1860; sons are Republi- 
 can; Independent. 
 
 Fyler W. E. clerk ; Durand. 
 
 /"^ALARD JAMES, laborer; Durand. 
 
 Galard Michael, laborer; Durand. 
 
 GAWOU]\G ARTHUR H. Wagon- 
 maker, Painter, and Farmer; Durand; 
 born in Lima, Livingston Co., N. Y., Oct. 
 13, 1822; spent four years with his uncle 
 learning painter's trade; went to Chicago 
 in 1843; worked at house and cabinet 
 painting till 1847 ; married, Oct. 5, 1845, 
 Miss Nancy, daughter of John Underbill, 
 of Lake Co.; came to this Co. in fall of 
 1847 ; have six children : George W., Hel- 
 en L., Nancy J., Wm. II., James A. and 
 Charles M., aged respectively, 27, 23, 21, 
 19, 16 and 14 years; Republican; Inde- 
 pendent; owns 120 acres, town lots and 
 shops, valued at $7,000; makes and re- 
 pairs wagons, buggies and democrats; 
 does plain and ornamental painting ; all 
 kinds of blacksmithing, horseshoeing ex- 
 cepted. 
 
 Ganoung John, laborer ; Durand. 
 
 Garrey M. J. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Gates Calvin, works for L. Gates ; Sec. 31 ; 
 P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 GATES liORESfZO, Farmer; Sec. 
 31; P. O. Pecatonica; born in Union Co., 
 O., in March, 1827; came with parents to 
 this Co. in 1840; when a boy he hauled 
 grain, dressed hogs and other products of 
 father's farm to market at Chicago, Du- 
 buque, Mineral Point and Galena, sleeping 
 many nights under Heaven's high arch, 
 the broad prairie his bed, the wolves howl- 
 ing as if hungry for pork steak ; was mar- 
 ried Sept. 12, 1851, to Miss Nancy J., 
 daughter of John and Margaret Thomp- 
 son, of this town ; have two children : Olus, 
 born June 17, 1852; Clio, April 25, 1854; 
 she is the wife of Lycurgus M. Dale; owns 
 333>3 acres, valued at $18,500; Republi- 
 can; Independent; School Director. 
 
 Gates Mark D. carpenter and builder ; Sec. 
 28; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Gates Olus, lives with father; Sec. 31. 
 
 Gillam J. M. farmer; Sec. 24; P.O.Durand. 
 
 Goakey Thos. laborer; Sec^l3; P.O.Durand. 
 
 GOODRICH DAVID M. Farmer; 
 Sec. 8; P.O.Durand; born in Saratoga 
 Co., N. Y., Feb. 19, 1814; married in 1837 
 to Miss Eliza Ann Wells, of Onondaga 
 Co., to which place his parents had moved 
 when he was 2 years old ; he came to this 
 Co. in June, 1838; owns 100 acres, valued 
 at $5,000; Republican; Independent, but 
 firm believer, in religion; wife died in 
 Aug., 1856; have had seven children, three 
 only are living : Betsy, Wealthy and Allen ; 
 married again, in 1857, Mrs. Harriet, widow 
 of Alonzo Ames, and daughter of Allen 
 Bill, of Berkshire Co., Mass., where she 
 was born Sept. 19, 1824; she had one child, 
 Jane P. Ames, by first husband ; issue of 
 present marriage: Ella D. and Kate E. 
 Goodrich, both single; his oldest child, 
 
DURAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 611 
 
 Henry J., served in 74th I. V. I.; was 
 wounded at Kenesaw Mountain ; died at 
 Chattanooga in July, 1863. 
 
 OOOD^UlSf I.EVI H. Farmer; Sec. 
 22; P. O. Durand; born in Essex Co., N. 
 Y., in 1808; married, in 1828, Miss Sally 
 Dudley, of Clinton Co., N. Y. ; run saw- 
 mill until he left there for this Co. in 1855 ; 
 built his present house in 1861 ; owns now 
 30 acres, valued at $1,400; Republican; 
 Congregationalist; had six sons and six 
 daughters ; two sons were in the late war ; 
 Albert, in 74th I. V. I., was a prisoner in 
 the South, released and died in Jeiferson 
 Barracks, Mo., June 6, 1865; James D. 
 served in 55th I. V. I. ; was wounded at 
 Shiloh, and died at Cincinnati, May 5, 
 1862; only four of his children are living: 
 Mary E., Alvira, Russel R. and Loderna 
 C. ; all married. 
 
 Goodwin T. well-digger ; Durand. 
 
 OR££X CH ABIDES H. Farmer; 
 Sec. 24; P. O. Durand; born in Rockland, 
 Co., N. Y., Jan. 7, 1848 ; came to this Co. 
 in 1867 ; owns 40 acres, valued at $2,000 ; 
 Republican; Independent; married, Feb. 
 29, 1872 ; Miss Amanda, daughter of He- 
 man and Malinda Campbell, of this town ; 
 had three children : Mary L., born May 
 20, 1873 ; Alvin, Feb. 17, (died March 8,) 
 1875 ; and boy (not named) born June 4, 
 * 1877. 
 
 GRISlVOIiD CHABI.EJS E. Ed- 
 itor and Proprietor of The Patriot ; Du- 
 rand ; born at Long Prairie, Minn., March 
 17, 1851 ; before he was a year old his pa- 
 rents, taking him, made the perilous jour- 
 ney, by canoe, down the Mississippi, 
 through the then little trading post of St. 
 Paul, to Fort Prairie Du Chien, thence by 
 stage coach, i-ail, etc., to Vermont ; after a 
 short sojourn, went thence to Elkader, 
 Clayton Co., Iowa; was brought up to 
 farming until 13 years old, when his father 
 sold out and took his family East, re- 
 mained a year, came West again and 
 bought a large farm in Osage, Mitchell 
 Co., Iowa ; when 18 years old, he entered 
 a country printing office, worked 2 years, 
 went to Chicago and worked a year under 
 instructions in a job printing office; went 
 to Sherman, Texas ; became sick ; returned 
 to Iowa and was 12 months regaining 
 health ; came to 111. in 1875 ; purchased of 
 its owner the Durand Enteiyrise, pub- 
 lished in a neighboring town, opened an 
 office and fitted up a "sanctum" here, 
 changing the name of the paper to The 
 Patriot, having an original motto: "iVo 
 success icithout labor:' He has now a very 
 complete newspaper and job printing 
 office, from which issues every Friday 
 one of the best and liveliest local weeklies 
 published in the "West, with a steadily in- 
 creasing advertising patronage and fast 
 growing list of subscribers; in him the 
 talent, energy and industry that insures 
 
 success seem to be united ; he does nearly 
 all his type-setting, writes all his spicy 
 editorials, having only a boy to assist him 
 after school hours; he is Notary Public; 
 Republican; Independent; has been Sec- 
 retary of Reform Lodge, No. 116, Good 
 Templars, since its organization in June, 
 1877, and has recently been elected its L. D. 
 Gunderson J. farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Durand 
 
 HANFORD LEANDER B. saloonkeep- 
 er; Durand. 
 
 Hanson Peter, laborer ; Durand. 
 
 Hargraves R. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Hargraves Thos. lives with father, Richard; 
 
 Sec. 24; P. O. Durand. 
 Harris E. farmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Hartley Everett C. son of William ; Sec. 34 ; 
 
 P. O. Durand. 
 Hartley Wm. farmer; Sec. 84; P.O. Durand. 
 Hartley W. sou of William; Sec. 34; P. O. 
 
 Durand. 
 Harvey J. laborer; Durand. 
 
 HAIJOHTON AAK0:K, Sr. Farm- 
 er and Stone Mason ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. 
 Durand; born in Cheshire, Eng., in 1812; 
 married Miss Harriet, daughter of Thomas 
 and Hannah Derwent, a native of Derby- 
 shire, Eng.; came to U. S. in 1841; 
 sojourned a year at Rochester, N. Y.; 
 came to this Co. in 1842; wife died Feb. 
 12, 1844; married Miss Mary A., daughter 
 of Job and Elizabeth Barniughani, in 
 June, 1844; she died in Feb., 1857; his 
 present wife was Mrs. Ruth, widow of 
 Milo Hall and daughter of M. Bradley, of 
 Vt. ; had seven children by first wife, five 
 of them are living, Thomas D., Aaron, 
 Mary H., Nye and Samuel; by second 
 wife had seven, three of whom are living, 
 Sarah, Clara, and Henry; no issue by 
 present wife; owns 190 acres, valued at 
 $7,000 ; he built the first all stone residence 
 in this Co., where now there are many, 
 that of his son, Thomas D., being among 
 the best; has been Post Master, Path 
 Master and School Director ; Republican ; 
 Independent. 
 
 Haughton Henry, works farm and lives with 
 T. D. ; Sec. 36. 
 
 Haughton E. lives with father, T. D. ; Sec.36. 
 
 HArGHTOX THOMAS D. Farm 
 er and Stock Raiser; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 Durand; born in Cheshire, Eng., in 1832; 
 emigrated in 1841 ; lived one year in Roch- 
 ester, N.Y. ; came to this Co. in 1842; mar- 
 ried Miss Agnes, daughter of Henry and 
 Eleanor Sarver, of Harrison Tp., in 1855 ; 
 has liiree children, Everett, born Sept. 
 8, 1856; Emily H., Dec. 2, 1857; and 
 Florence A., Dec 18, 1859; owns 310 
 acres, valued at $14,000; Independent in 
 religion and politics; is School Director 
 and has been several years. 
 
 Hayes Albert, butcher ; Durand. 
 
612 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTORTt 
 
 HSRRINO GEO. H. Farmer; Sec. 
 20; P.O. Durand; born in Oxford Co., 
 Maine, July 13, 1820; liis father came 
 with family to Hockford, in 1838 ; lived 
 there a few months ; moved to this farm 
 same year; he (Geo. H.), on May 21, 1843, 
 married Miss Lovina, daughter of David 
 Campbell, of Cherry Valley; she died 
 Dec. 29, 1854, leaving two sons, Simeon A. 
 and Jerome C. ; his present wife, whom he 
 married May 1, 1855, was Miss Ann, 
 daughter of Peter and Margery Mann; 
 she was raised in Lewis Co., K. Y., edu- 
 cated at Lowville Academy, came West 
 under patronage of Gov. Slade, of Vt., in 
 1851, in the educational interests of the 
 New England Woman's Literary and 
 Missionary Society; children of this mar- 
 riage are: Daniel M., Lettie J., Sybelle 
 and Angeline F. ; had penchant for the 
 woods, the mines, and the frontiers; 
 worked in the Wisconsin pineries; rafted 
 on the Wisconsin and Mississippi ; crossed 
 the plains in 1849; erected a ranche on 
 the Sacramento; was among the early 
 gold hunters and miners ; came home in 
 1852 ; off to Montana in 1866, taking a 
 herd of cows; started dairy; lost most of 
 them first winter; poor success; mined 
 some; made but little and came home 
 Jan. 1, 1870; owns 102 acres, valued at 
 $7,000 ; Greenbacker and Spiritualist. 
 
 Herring G. farmer; Sec. 21; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Herring J. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Herring J. lives with father; Sec 20; P.O. 
 Durand. 
 
 Herring J. M. lives with father; single; 
 Sec. 13; P. O. Durand. 
 
 HERRIXC^ JOHIT R. Farmer; Sec. 
 13; P. O. Durand; born in Parsonsfield, 
 Maine, in 1818; settled in this Co., June, 
 1838; owns a farm of 2C4 acres, which, 
 with other real estate, is worth $15,- 
 000; in 1838-9, assisted D. A. Spaulding, 
 U. S. Deputy Surveyor, in making govern- 
 ment surveys in Ogle, DeKalb, Boone and 
 Winnebago Counties, and for many years 
 made most of the surveys in the N. W. 
 part of tiiis Co.; was first Town Clerk of 
 Durand; has been most of the time for 
 35 years Associate Justice and Justice of 
 the Peace; a member of the Board of 
 Supervisors of this Co. 7 years; and 
 Chairman of the Board 1 year; Township 
 Treasurer 35 years; laid out the village 
 plat of Durand, in 1856, and was one of 
 the Proprietors ot the town ; in 1853, he 
 married Miss Nancy Grippen, of Winne- 
 bago; his children now living are: John 
 M., Mary and Eygji; his father, John 
 Herring, living on Sec. 21, with his son, 
 Granville, was born at Gloucester, Maine, 
 Feb. 9, 1788; when six weeks old moved 
 to Norway, Maine, as one of its first settlers. 
 married Miss Mercy H. Haskell; was a 
 soldier in the war of 1812; after returning 
 therefrom he became convinced that all 
 
 wars were unchristian and sinful, hence 
 joined the Society of Friends; in 1838, he 
 left his home, at Waterford, Maine, and 
 came to Rockford, Ills. ; in the fall of that 
 year, moved to the (now) town of Durand, 
 with his family, consisting of three 
 daughters and four sons; all since mar- 
 ried — Julia H. to F. Kron, Mercy H. to 
 P. B. Webster, Sybil T. to G. A. Pettingill, 
 see biographies of John R. and Geo. H. ; 
 Granville's first wife was Barbara Jenne- 
 wein, his present was Mariette Marcy; 
 and Benjamin, who married Honor Pen- 
 gra ; all are Republicans ; the father, who 
 is said to be the oldest man in the Co., 
 formerly belonged to the Liberty Party. 
 
 Herring J. R. Sec. 18 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Herring S. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Holfman Thos. mason ; Durand. 
 
 HOFFSTAKDT FREDERICK, 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Davis; born in 
 Prussia, Dec. 6, 1821 ; was Inspector of 
 farms there; came to New York in 1850; 
 went to Milwaukee, thence to Beloit; 
 from there went to the far West ; worked 
 as farm hand; came to this Co. and farmed 
 on shares; married Miss Gertrude Houser, 
 May 14,1854; in 1856, moved to Minne- 
 sota ; claimed 160 acres ; lived there about 
 11 years; sold claim; returned here in 
 1867; purchased his farm, 140 acres, 
 worth $7,000; has seven children, Frank- 
 lin N., born Aug. 2, 1856; Geo. E., May 
 10, 1858; TheresmL., Jan. 29, 1861; Ad- 
 die W., Feb. 12,1863; Frederick I., March 
 28, 1865; Ann E., Aug. 7, 1867; and David 
 G., Oct. 28, 1869; Republican; Evangeli- 
 can; wife and four children are church 
 members. 
 
 HOOKER JAMES, Baker and Con- 
 fectioner ; Durand ; keeps neatly furnished 
 parlors and rooms, where he caters for 
 ladies and gentlemen, serving them with 
 oysters and every edible found in a first- 
 class restaurant; was born in Wyandotte 
 Co., Ohio, March 7, 1837 ; his father died 
 in 1844; he moved to Green Co., Wis., in 
 1847; married Miss Elmira Straw, in 
 1858; she was born in Wyandotte Co., O., 
 May 8, 1841 ; she died Jan. 10, 1861 ; he 
 married again, Feb. 5, 1863, MissArminda, 
 daughter of John and Eliza Johnson, of 
 this Tp. : had one son by first marriage, 
 Charles I., born Nov. 27, 1858; owns town 
 lot and business house, valued at $1,000; 
 Republican; Methodist; enlisted in 153d 
 I. V. I., Co. G., Feb. 14, 1865; did garrison 
 duty at Tullahoma; lay in Memphis two 
 mouths; mustered out Sept. 21, 1865; paid 
 off at Springfield. 
 
 Horigan Henry, lives with father ; Sec. 24: 
 P. O. Durand. 
 
 Horigan James, farm; Sec. 23; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Horigan John, lives with father; Sec. 23; 
 P. O. Durand. 
 
 Horigan P. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Durand. 
 
DTJKAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 613 
 
 HOIJI^I^R MRS. ElilZABETH, 
 
 Widow; Sec. 30; P. O. Davis; bom in 
 Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, in 1794; her 
 husband, Nicholas Houser, was born in 
 1790; they were married April 23, 1815; 
 he died here, in June, 1872; came to this 
 Co. in 1851 ; had eleven children, born in 
 Germany; six are living, John, born June 
 9, 1821; Appolone, July 18, 1826; Ger- 
 trude, March 19, 1829; Catherine, Aug. 
 29, 1835; Anna Mary, Aug. 3, 1838; 
 Theresia M., Oct. 15, 1841; she and the 
 youngest two daughters own 100 acres, 
 valued at $6,000; Mr. H., in his native 
 country, followed the coopering business; 
 the family are Catholic. 
 
 Hoyt E. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Hoyt Heman, works for E. Campbell ; Sec. 
 33 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Hoyt Nelson, Sec. 17; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Hoyt O. F. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Durand. 
 
 HVRD <3HE»TER A. Farmer; Sec. 
 22; P. O. Durand; born in Litchfield Co., 
 Conn., in 1820; learned tailoring trade in 
 N. Y. City; lived there 13 years; married 
 Miss Mary E. Harris, in 1842; lived 18 
 months in Beloit, Wis. ; came to his pres- 
 ent home in 1851 ; Republican ; Independ- 
 ent; owns 54 acres, valued at $2,160; has 
 twelve children, George A., Francis H., 
 Mary E., Eliza A., Alonzo R., Stephen N., 
 Addison J., Eugene G., Charles E., Stella 
 J., Emma A. and Edward D., all alive; 
 George A, served in 74th Regt. I. V. I., 
 from Aug., 1862, till war closed. 
 
 Hurd D. S. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Hurlbut L. R. painter ; Durand. 
 
 Hurlbut T. R. painter ; Durand. 
 
 I 
 
 NGERBERTSON JOHN, mason ; 
 Durand. 
 
 'ACOBS O. H. Post Master; Durand. 
 
 JOHXSOX JOHX A. Farmer; Sec. 
 15; P. O. Durand; born in Essex Co., 
 Mass., July 21, 1810; when 16 years old 
 went to blacksmith trade, which he fol- 
 lowed until 1870; married, Dec, 1833, 
 Miss Eliza A., daughter of James and 
 Betsey Pettingill; came to this Co. in 
 1837; built the first smithy erected north 
 of the Pecatouic in this Co.; a very re- 
 spectable settler, still living, sent his son 
 to the shop with a horse to have the shoes 
 sharpened ; Mr. J. began to take them off; 
 the youth demurred, saying: "My father 
 don't want the shoes taken off, he wants 
 them sharpened." "But I must heat 
 them," replied Mr. J. "Well, you may," 
 quoth the boy, "but be sure you do not 
 burn his feet." Owns 176 acres, valued at 
 $7,040; Republican; Independent; has 
 seven children, John F., Emily I., Ai-- 
 minda A., George J., Ruby M., Addie E., 
 and Frank P. ; one son, Charles E., served 
 
 in 55th and 153d I. V. I. Regts. I. V. I. ; 
 mustered out in Sept., 1865; died Nov. 17 
 
 1872. 
 
 J0H:WS$0X JOHX F. Farmer; Sec. 
 15 ; P. O. Durand ; born in Buffalo, Sept. 
 12, 1837; came to this Co. when two 
 months old; Avorked at blacksmithing 
 trade for his father, John A.; married. 
 May 22, 1861, Miss Caroline M. Jayne, of 
 this town; had two children. Elmer E., 
 born Sept. 26, 1864, and Lula I., July 6, 
 1869; Elmer E. died March 2, 1866;. rents 
 35 acres of his father ; personal property, 
 $500; Republican; Independent. 
 
 Jones E. L. laborer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Durand. 
 
 Jones John, carpenter; Durand. 
 
 JOSLIX CkEORGE H. Stock Buyer; 
 Durand; born in Surrey, N. H., Jan. 
 27, 1819; lived with his parents, who 
 moved to Tioga Co., N. Y., until 1840; 
 then visiled this Co.: returned to N. Y.; 
 taught school there and in Penn. during 
 the winters of 1841, 1842 and 1843 ; farmed, 
 and ran on the rivers in the summer ; Dec. 
 3, 1842, he married Miss Eunice, daughter 
 of Mathias and Sarah Olmslead, of Brad- 
 ford Co., Penn.; moved to this Co. in 
 1844; farmed until 1850; went to Cali- 
 fornia; remained one year ; came back in 
 1851; farmed till 1869; sold the farm; 
 visited relations in N. Y. and Penn., in 
 1870; permanently located at Durand, 
 buying stock, and part of the time dealing 
 in meat; owns real estate, valued at 
 $3,500; Republican; Independent; served 
 one year a member of Board of Super- 
 visors ; two years Town Assessor, and four 
 years a Justice of the Peace; has three 
 children, Henry H., Julia E., and Nellie 
 E., aged 34,31 and 17 years; Henry H. 
 was married, in Sept., 1869, to Miss Nellie 
 Hall, of Rockford, and Julia E. to Mr. 
 Martin Sarver, a merciiant of Durand ; 
 Nellie E. is single; both son and son-in- 
 law served in the late war, the former in 
 the 55th Regt. I. V. I. ; was in 28 engage- 
 ments, among which were Shiloh, Vicks- 
 burg, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta and 
 Jackson ; was wounded at Shiloh, and 
 was P. M. at Durand, in 1872 and 1873; 
 resigned to engage in other business; 
 the latter in 74th I. V. I., Co. H, fought 
 at Perryville, Crab Orchard, and Murfrees- 
 boro, where he was wounded ; after recov- 
 ery was in Invalid Cori)s till close of war; 
 he receives a pension ; keeps an extensive 
 grocery, dry goods and notion store ; buj'S 
 and ships butter, beans, eggs, green and 
 dried fruits, etc; owns real estate valued at 
 $2,000, and carries an average stock of 
 .$4,000; Republican; Independent. 
 
 Joslin Henry H. general business; Durand. 
 Judd J. buys and ships produce; Durand. 
 
 JIJDD -JfEIiSOX, Farmer; Sec. 23; 
 P. O. Durand; born in Sandusky Co., O., 
 June 17, 1825 ; came with his parents to 
 
614 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTOET: 
 
 this Co. in 1839 ; married July 13, 1848, to 
 Miss Lucy M., daugliter of Asa Hemen- 
 way; she was born in Vt., and died here 
 June 8, 1873, leaving nine children, Ed- 
 mond N., Maria L., Orin H. Emerson J. 
 (now dead), Adelbert F., Adalede L., Em- 
 ma R., Hattie L., and Frederick J., aged 
 respectively, 28, 37, 25, 20, 18, 14, 11 and 4 
 years ; was again married to Miss Elenora 
 M., daughter of Wm. and Eveline Beemer, 
 of this town, by whom he has tWQ children, 
 Eveline V., born Dec. 6, 1874, and Ernest 
 J., April 13, 1876 ; owns 185 acres, valued 
 at $9,250; Republican; Methodist. 
 
 ILEY JAMES, farmer; Sec. 35; P.O. 
 Durand. 
 
 K 
 
 Kiley Wm. H. lives with father, Jas. Kiley ; 
 Sec. 35 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 L 
 
 EECH JOHN S. lives with father; Sec. 
 36; P. O. Durand. 
 liEECH JXO. Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 Durand ; born in Mosley, Lancashire, Eng., 
 Aug. 7, 1824; was cotton spinner; came to 
 IT. S. in 1847 ; worked at his trade in R. I. 
 and Mass. ; came to this Co. in 1849 ; went 
 back East; remained four years; married, 
 Aug. 31, 1851, to Miss Elizabeth Higginbot- 
 ham, at Portsmouth, N. H. ; she was born 
 at Oldham, Eng., April 27, 1823 ; returned 
 and located on his present farm in 1853; 
 owns 370 acres, valued at $11,100; Inde- 
 pendent; Episcopalian; had eight chil- 
 dren; four are living; Levi, born Aug. 24, 
 1852; John S., Aug. 5, 1857 ; Allen, Nov. 2, 
 1864; Lizzie, June 24, 1866 ; was Path Mas- 
 ter and School Director. 
 
 McCALLAM THOS. H. farm hand ; Sec. 
 21 ; P. O. Durand. 
 McCrady J. rents farm ; S. 15 ; P. O. Durand. 
 McGraw J. rents farm ; Sec. 25 ; P.O. Durand. 
 McKay A. L. harness-maker ; Durand. 
 Maham Chas. farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. Durand. 
 Malowney Lewis, section boss ; Durand. 
 
 MAI.OW5JEY JXO. Was born in Co. 
 Wexford, Ireland, July 4, 1784; lives in 
 village of Durand ; came to this Co. with 
 his son, who is section boss on the W. U. 
 R. R., in 1873. 
 
 Marriuer C. D. principal of school ; Durand. 
 
 Martin Lewis, farmer; Sec. 22; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Martin Jos. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Martin Sam. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Durand. 
 
 MARI^H COIi. JASOX, Attorney 
 at Law; retired; Sec. 25; P.O. Durand; 
 born in Windsor Co., Vt., in March, 1807 ; 
 had a common school and academical ed- 
 ucation, until he was 16 years old; he then 
 went to Saratoga Co., N. Y., and began life 
 teaching school; in 1825 went to Genessee, 
 now Wyoming Co., where he continued 
 teaching, and began to study law ; in 1829 
 went to Adams in Jefferson Co. ; continued 
 
 his studies and teaching until 1831 ; was 
 then admitted and practiced till 1839; mar- 
 ried in 1832, to Miss Harriet M., daughter 
 of the then eminent Dr. John Stafford, of 
 that town ; came to this Co. in 1839, and 
 located at Rockford, where he soon ob- 
 tained reputation and a paying practice in 
 this and adjoining counties, not only in 
 the circuit, but also in the supreme court; . 
 he was somewhat conspicuously identified 
 with every movement conducive to the 
 growth and prosperity of the city until 
 1862, when he raised a regiment (74th I. 
 V. I.), of which he was Colonel, command- 
 ing till fall of 1863, when, having been 
 wounded at Mission Ridge, he became in- 
 capacitated, and came home to recuperate; 
 supposing he was thoroughly recovered in 
 a couple of months, he returned to his 
 command, and was through campaign 
 from Chattanooga to Atlanta, where the 
 effects of his wound again rendering him 
 unable longer to serve, he resigned, came 
 home, and not being able to resume the 
 practice of law, the Council appointed him 
 City Clerk, in 1866, which office he cred- 
 itably held for ten years ; in 1876 he re- 
 tired to his farm, where he seems to enjoy 
 health, comfort and ease ; his farm of 157 
 acres, valued at $7,850, is managed by E. 
 B. Phelps ; Republican ; Congregationalist. 
 
 Meinger A. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Meinger J. C. farmer; Sec. 18; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Meinger Wm. farmer; Sec. 18; P.O. Davis. 
 
 Messinger J. W. farmer; Sec. 29. 
 
 Messinger P. farmer and carpenter ; Sec. 29 ; 
 P. O. Davis. 
 
 Monteith J. D. S. carpenter and joiner; Du- 
 rand. 
 
 More Andrew H. tinner ; Durand. 
 
 Morey Abijah, grocer; Durand. 
 
 MORRIS liElVIS J. Farmer; Du- 
 rand; born in this town, May 4, 1843; his 
 father was a native of Penn. ; came to this 
 Co. in 1841, and died here in 1857; Mr. M. 
 married Miss Emeline E., daughter of 
 Elijah Felts, in Nov., 1867 ; has one daugh- 
 ter, Arvilla Matilda, aged 8 years ; he has 
 never been 40 miles away from his birth- 
 place ; is Tax Collector and Justice of the 
 Peace ; owns 10 acres, valued at $500 ; Re- 
 publican ; Independent in religion. 
 
 Myott H. J. farm ; Sec. 34 ; P. O. Pecatonica. 
 
 Mj'ott Sol. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Durand. 
 
 NORIIII^'GTON WM. Farmer; 
 Sec. 24; P. O. Durand; born in Essex 
 Co., Mass., Sept. 21, 1829 ; he lived in New 
 Haven, Conn., 12 years; came to this Co. 
 1848; after 3 years returned to Conn.; came 
 back in 1853, and married Miss Ann A. 
 Archer, of Harrison Tp., March 31 ; owns 
 107 acres, valued at $5,000; Independent 
 in politics and religion ; had ten children, 
 eight are living; Clara L., Violetta F., 
 Ai'cher E., John, Ai-abella, Eva, Flavilla 
 
DURAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 615 
 
 and Star ; aged as follows : 23, 18, 16, 14, 
 11. 9, 5, and 2 j^ears; Clara L. is now a 
 student at the Woman's Medical College, 
 Chicago. 
 
 XORTON I>AX. D. Owner and Pro- 
 prietor of Norton House ; Durand ; born 
 in Canada West, Dec. 15, 1842; came to 
 this Co. with his parents in 1857; followed 
 farming and stock dealing until he pur- 
 chased the hotel, which he is making a 
 success ; he is single ; the domestic atlairs 
 of the house are presided over by his sis- 
 ter. Miss Jane Norton, to whose efficiency 
 and close attention in the culinary and 
 other departments, the establishment owes 
 much of the excellent reputation it bears, 
 while "Dan" is deemed a cheerful, cour- 
 teous and accommodating landlord ; Dem- 
 ocrat; Independent; owns real estate, val- 
 ued at $7,000. i 
 
 IlfOKTOX OSCAR, Grocer ; Durand ; 
 born in Oswego Co., N. Y., Oct. 4, 1837; 
 came to this Co. in 1861 ; married July 18, 
 1862, to Miss Jane A., daughter of D. S. 
 Richards, of this Co. ; has six children, 
 Charlie A., James O., Wm. B., Lottie L., 
 Morton and Lawlence E., aged in order, 
 14, 13, 10, 6, 4, and 2 years; Republican; 
 Independent ; owns residence, store and 24 
 town lots, valued a. $3,000; keeps a well 
 assorted stock of groceries, jewelry and 
 notions; Mrs. N. carries on and does a fair 
 business in fashionable Millinery. 
 
 OAKLEY LUKE, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. 
 Durand. 
 Orth Philip, farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. Davis. 
 Orvis T. Durand. 
 
 ■pARKER ELMON, Durand. 
 
 Parker John, Durand. 
 
 Parker S. J. Durand. 
 
 PARTCH ORVIIiliJE H. Grocer; 
 Durand ; born in Addison Co., Vt., July 
 14, 1833 ; came to this State in 1846 ; to 
 this town in 1858; enlisted in 55th I. V. I., 
 Co. C, Sept. 9, 1861 ; was twice wounded, 
 in battle of Shiloh; being disabled and un- 
 fit for service, was discharged in August, 
 1862 ; draws a pension ; married, in May, 
 1869, Miss Georgiana Vermilyea; has no 
 children; owns 40 acres land, store build- 
 ing and lot, valued at $2,000 ; Republican ; 
 Independent; his brother, Geo. S., is his 
 partner in the grocery and produce busi- 
 ness. 
 
 PATTERSON AliMON, Physician 
 and Surgeon ; Durand ; born in Ellisburg, 
 Jefferson Co., N. Y., Nov. 7, 1820 ; moved 
 with parents to Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, and 
 lived eight years at Berea; came to this 
 Co. in 1839 ; he and his father walked the 
 whole distance from Berea Co., O., to Har- 
 rison Tp., each carrying a knapsack, and 
 paying their last sixpence to the ferryman 
 for crossing the Pecatonica river where the 
 
 Trask bridge now is; he went to work for 
 $15 per month, stipulating that he should 
 receive enough in money to pay his letter 
 postage; worked at rail-making, rafting 
 and other heavy labor till 1847; saved a 
 little, bought some books, borrowed 
 others; was a close reader, hungry for in- 
 formation ; entered on the study of medi- 
 cine, under the kite Doctor W. H. Cran- 
 dall, and for two years made his home in 
 the doctor's study, except when attending 
 lectures at Rush Medical College, Chi- 
 cago; money and credit being exhausted, 
 and Dr. Crandall being absent in the East, 
 he began to practice as physician; earned 
 the first year $1,500, $36 of which he re- 
 ceived in money, the rest in provisions, 
 which to him in those days were accepta- 
 ble, having been married, Jan. 2, 1848, to 
 Miss Ruth A. Farnham, who was born in 
 Oswego Co., N. Y., June 2, 1822; he has 
 practiced heie 20y ears, made a reasonable 
 competency ; has two sons, Wilson A. and 
 Watson G. ; owns a good residence and 
 17 town lots, and his sons own 250 acres, 
 the whole valued at $15,000; he is Inde- 
 pendent in politics and religion. 
 
 PATTERSOBf WILSOX A. Son 
 
 of Dr. Alman Patterson; Farmer; Sec. 
 15; P. O. Durand; born in this town, Oct. 
 8,1848; married, Nov. 22, 1871, by Rev. 
 Jas. Hodges, the oldest minister of the 
 Congregational Church now living in this 
 Co., to Miss Pha?be E., daughter of John 
 and Phcebe Van Sickle, of this place; she 
 was born in Sussex Co., N. J., May 26, 
 1851 ; they have one daughter, Mattie 
 May, born June 7, 1875 ; owns 130 acres 
 land, valued at $6,500 ; is Independent in 
 religion and politics ; Mrs. P. is a Metho- 
 dist. 
 
 Pettingill G. H. farm; Sec. 22; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Pettingall J. F. farm ; Sec. 15 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Pettingill Warren, Sec. 21; P. 0. Durand. 
 
 Petitt H. rents farm; Sec. 24; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Place David ; Sec. 7. 
 
 Place John, farmer ; Sec. 7. 
 
 Place J. R. farmer; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Place Marsden, Sec. 7. 
 
 Prindle H. farmer; Sec. 23; P. 0. Durand. 
 
 RANEY A. D. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. 
 Durand. 
 Randall Henry, horse dealer; Durand. 
 Reed G. M. rents farm ; S. 25 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Richie Elmon. 
 Richie James. 
 Richie John. 
 Rieggle Jonas. 
 
 Rieggle Thos. W. Sec. 19; P. O. Davis. 
 Rickman G. laborer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Robb Perry, laborer ; Durand. 
 Robb Wra. laborer; Durand. 
 
616 
 
 Winnebago county dikectoet: 
 
 Robinson O. F. Durand. 
 
 lloloson H. J. 
 
 Koxted Miles. 
 
 Russell Morton, lumber dealer ; Durand. 
 
 OACKETT ISAAC, laborer; Durand. 
 
 Sarver A. rents farm; Sec. 14; P. O. Durand. 
 Sarver Raymer, farm; Sec. 34; P.O. Durand. 
 Sarver Martin, merchant; P. O. Durand. 
 Sarver Nathan, lives with mother; Sec. 15; 
 
 P. O. Durand. 
 Sarver Wm. laborer ; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Scales D. H. Sec. 22; P. O. Durand. 
 Schoolcraft Jas. farm; Sec. 27; P.O. Durand. 
 Selzer N. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Davis. 
 
 iSHIELD!^ JOSEPH ^V. Farmer; 
 Sec. 14; P.O. Durand; born in Canada, 
 March G, 1846; came to this Co. in 1852; 
 renter; Republican; Seventh Day Advent- 
 .ist; married, Nov. 13, 1875, Miss Ada M. 
 Staples, born in Elkhorn, Wis., April 25, 
 1858; has one daughter, Ethel B., born 
 Nov. 21, 1876; he enlisted in 142d I. V. I., 
 Co. F., May l, 1865 ; did garrison duty at 
 Memphis, and was mustered out at Chi- 
 cago, Oct. 5, 1865. 
 
 Smith Jacob, farm; Sec. 11; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Smith Jobe, farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Smythe Calvin, joiner and carpenter; Sec. 
 28; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Stabeck Clement, farm; S. 17; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Stabeck Thurston, farm; S.^17; P.O.Durand. 
 
 Stalker Aug. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Stalker Wm. laborer; Sec. 14; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Staples D. B. laborer ; Durand. 
 
 Starr C. H. druggist; Durand. 
 
 Stevens E. C. Express & R. R.Ag't ; Durand. 
 
 Steves John, miller; Durand. 
 
 Stewart C. R. farmer; Sec. 11; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Stewart D. J. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 SWEXNIXGSOX MO«ENS, 
 Farmer and House Carpenter ; Sec. 9 ; P. 
 O. Durand; born in Norway, Jan. 23, 
 1821; came to thi.- Co. in 1846; owns 80 
 acres, valued at $4,000; Republican; 
 Lutheran; married, April 13, 1849, Miss 
 Marikan Aslakson; had six children, five 
 of whom are living, Swenning, Halvor, 
 Olaves, Karine Annette, Anne Tomine, 
 Aslak; Swenning is married and lives in 
 Mower Co., Minn. ; in 1875, Mr. S. paid a 
 visit to his mother, two brothers, two sis- 
 ters, and other relatives, in his native 
 land, where he met with that heartfelt 
 welcome and joyful greeting known only 
 to those near and dear relatives who have 
 been 29 years separated by thousands of 
 miles of boisterous ocean from a loved 
 and long remembered son and brothei*. 
 
 ERRY THOMAS, farmer; Sec. 8; P.O. 
 Durand. 
 
 T 
 
 Thayer Sam'l, farmer: Sec. 14; P.O.Durand. 
 Thompson John, farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P.O.Davis. 
 Thore Nere, farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Durand. 
 Thorne G. J. wagon-maker ; Durand. 
 
 TOMBS JOSEPH^ Merchant; Du- 
 rand ; born in Co. Antrim, Ireland, April 
 6, 1827; came toll. S. in 1835; lived in 
 Deerfield, Mass., until 1848, when became 
 to this Co., and lived most of the time, 
 until 1859, in Laona, where he served as 
 Justice of the Peace ; then settled perma- 
 nently in this town and was elected to the 
 same office in 1861, which office he held 
 continuously until 1873; also served on 
 the Board of Highway Commissioners 12 
 years; is Notary Public; married, in 1855, 
 at the age of 28 years. Miss Emily H., 
 daughter of Wm. Randall, Esq., of Laona ; 
 have three children: Frank W., Ralph H. 
 and Helen H.; owns real estate worth 
 $12,000; Republican; Independent. 
 
 TRUE JAMES R. General Black- 
 smith ; Durand ; born in Lexington, Ky., 
 June 24, 1820 ; his parents came to this 
 State in 1824; moved 'to Mo. in 1827; 
 father died there in 1829; mother and 
 family returned to this State; she died at 
 Springfield in 1835 ; he learned trade there, 
 served 6 years; worked in Quincy, Galena, 
 Milwaukee and Chicago ; started business 
 at Wheeling, 111. ; tried it 6 months ; moved 
 to Rockford in 1847 ; came to this town in 
 1848; carries on general blacksmithing 
 and wagon-making; said to excel in horse- 
 shoeing; owns residence, shop and 5 town 
 lots, value $1,500; Independent in politics 
 and religion ; was married at Chicago to 
 Miss Abigail, daughter of John and Pattie 
 Underbill, in 1845; she was a native of 
 Chautauqua Co., N. Y., and her father of 
 Bristol, Eng. ; she carries on Millinery 
 and Fancy Goods business ; keeps Hosiery, 
 Zephyrs, Notions, etc. ; gives special atten- 
 tion to bleaching, altering and repairing; 
 have no children; adopted her niece. Miss 
 Frances J. Smith, and employs other young 
 lady assistants. 
 
 Truesdell Henry A. traveling photographist ; 
 Durand. 
 
 VAX SICKI.E JOHX €. Farmer" 
 and breeder of pure blood "Poland China 
 Pigs;" Sec. 21; P. O. Durand; born in 
 Sussex Co., N. J., May 26, 1851 ; his pa- 
 rents came to this Co. in 1856; Independ- 
 ent; Methodist; owns 150 acres, valued at 
 $9,000; married Dec. 16, 1869, Miss Maria 
 L., daughter of Nelson and Lucy M. Judd ; 
 have one daughter, Phojbe M., born June 
 19, 1871 ; their youngest child, Mertie L., 
 died Feb.6, 1876,aged 2 months and 15 days. 
 
 YAHi TASSEIi ASEL. E. Under- 
 taker and Furniture Dealer; Durand; 
 keeps on hand a full line of household 
 furniture, parlor and chamber sets, picture 
 frames, looking glasses, etc., which he 
 sells al low prices ; born in Manlius, Onon- 
 
t)UEAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 617 
 
 daga Co., N. Y., Dec. 4, 1826; came to this 
 town in 1858; was married JS^ov. 13, 1856, 
 to Charlotte M., daughter of ElishaEly, of 
 Madisoa Co., N. Y., have had tiiree chil- 
 dren: Charlotte (dead); Amos H., born 
 Jan. 6, 1803, and Frederick E., Jan. 30, 
 1869, are living; owns his residence, 15 
 town lots and store, valued at $2,000; re- 
 pairs aud makes furniture to order; Re- 
 publican; Presbyterian. 
 
 Van Valkenborg Henry, laborer; Durand. 
 
 Van Valzah S. B. physician ; Durand. 
 
 Vincent Frank E. jeweler; Durand. 
 
 Vinton Henry, teamster; Durand. 
 
 VIXTO:^ OLIVER II. Town Con- 
 stable ; Durand ; born in Onaudaga Co., N. 
 Y., July 8, 1833; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 married, Sept. 3, 1858, Miss Maria E. 
 Hodge ; she was born in Otsego Co., N. Y., 
 April "4, 1838; have six children: Ida E., 
 Charles E., Eleanor W., Mary E., Herbert 
 J. and Ralph E., aged respectively, 18, 16, 
 14, 12, 7 and 3 years ; he is serving his 
 fifth year as Constable; owns 9 acres in 
 Howard's addition to Durand, valued at 
 $700; Republican; Independent. 
 
 WADE ORASTUS H. harness-maker; 
 Durand. 
 Wagoner John, laborer; Durand. 
 Wagoner M. shoemaker; Durand. 
 Walker Geo. traveling agent; P. O. Durand. 
 Wallace Henry, farm; Sec. 12; P.O. Durand. 
 Wallace John, farmer; Sec. 13; P.O. Durand. 
 Warner James, retired farmer; Durand. 
 
 ^WEBSTER Mi:»fOR P. Farmer; 
 Sec. 23; P. O. Durand; born in McComb 
 Co., Mich., in 1835 ; came to this Co. in 
 1851; Republican; Independent; owns 115 
 acres, valued at $5,750; married, Sept. 26, 
 1858, Miss Susan M., daughter of Michael 
 and Mary BoUmau, of Lebanon Co., Pa.; 
 has three children: Fletcher E., born 
 April 23, 1861; Edith A., July 16, 1866 
 and Maud, Feb. 18, 1872; their first born 
 Elmore M., died Feb. 3, 1860, aged 7 mo 
 and 15 days. 
 
 Webster P. B. fiirm; Sec. 10; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Webster P. M. farm; Sec. 10; P. O. Durand. 
 
 WEISS REIJBEX, Farmer; Sec. ; 0; 
 P. O. Davis; born in Northampton Co., 
 Pa., Aug. 31, 1831 ; came to this Co., with 
 parents, in 1853; located and lived 12 
 years on Sec. 39 ; bought his present farm 
 in 1865 ; married, in 1853, Miss Matilda 
 
 Fink, of Stevenson Co. , she died Sept. 26, 
 1865; July 5, 1866, married Mrs. Jose- 
 phine, relict of I. I. Epley, and daughter 
 of Jacob and x\.nna M. Becker, of Steven- 
 son Co.; issue of first marriage, five chil- 
 dren; four are living: Urius F., born Feb. 
 35, 1856 ; Zeno, May 15, 1858 ; Mary E., 
 July 9, 1860; Sophia, June 26, 1863; and 
 Franklin, Sept. 29, 1804 (deed); of present 
 marriage : Ida N. (deed) ; Frank, born Oct. 
 11, 1808; Emma A., Oct. 10, 1869; and 
 Lena L., Nov. 15, 1870; his mother, Mary, 
 is in her 87th year, and lives with him; 
 she is a devoted member of Evangelical 
 Church ; his father, Solomon, died Nov. 3, 
 1865; owns 350 acres, valued at $15,000; 
 Republican; Evangelical; was several 
 years Path Master; is School Director. 
 
 Wescott Dan. laborer; S. 33; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Wheeler Franklin E. farm laborer; Durand. 
 
 M^IKE L,AWREX€E, Farmer; Sec. 
 19; P.O. Davis; born in Hesse-Darm- 
 stadt, Ger., Aug. 10, 1833; came to this Co. 
 in 1855; married, Sept. 10, 1856, Miss 
 Mary A., daughter of Wm. and Eve Peth, 
 of Stevenson Co. ; she was born in New 
 Jersey, Sept. 13, 1840; has one daughter, 
 Mary J., born Jan. 3, 1858; owns 133 
 acres land, valued at $11,000; Republican; 
 Independent. 
 
 Winchester A. rents farm; Sec. 11 ; P.O. Du- 
 rand. 
 Wise Thos. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Davis. 
 Wood Emery, blacksmith ; Durand. 
 Wood G. J. blacksmith; Durand. 
 
 YOlfE FRAl^K A. Saddler and 
 Harness Maker; Durand; born in 
 Prussia, Feb. 14, 1845; came to this State 
 and located in Peru in 1851 ; came to this 
 Co. in 1808; married, Oct. 30, 1870, Miss 
 Mary, daughter of Michael Branuan, of 
 this township ; her parents emigrated from 
 Ireland in 1843, and had only two chil- 
 dren ; the oldest, Thomas, served in the 
 13th 111. Cav., and was drowned at sea, 
 with many other soldiers, in 1865, while 
 sailing on the ship North America from 
 New Orleans to New York ; Mr. Y. has 
 four children: Mary S., born Sept. 17, 
 1871 ; Emma E., Jan.3], 1873; Francis A., 
 May 34, 1874; and Thomas M., May 4, 
 1876 ; owns 80 acres on Sec. 33, residence, 
 shop, store, and two town lots, valued at 
 $6,500; Democrat; Catholic; said to be an 
 excellent worknuxn ; makes a specialty of 
 fine harness, fair in his dealings, warrants 
 his work, and does a good business. 
 
618 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTORY! 
 
 ROSCOE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 A DAMS H. C. painter. 
 
 ABBOTT A. IS. Merchant; Roscoe; 
 born in Albany Co., N. Y., Aug. 18, 1819 ; 
 cames to this Co. in 1845 ; owns property 
 to the value of $10,000; married Miss 
 Phcebe Rowland, in this Co., Roscoe Tp., 
 April 19, 1854; she was born in Butialo 
 Co., N. Y., Dec. 24, 1832. 
 
 Allen E. farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Allen S. C. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Atwood B. S. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Atwood J. B. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Atwood Wm. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Aylworth R. retired farmer ; Roscoe. 
 
 BALDWIN E. A. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. 
 Roscoe. 
 Baldwin G. H. farmer; Sec.25; P.O. Roscoe. 
 Baldwin T. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Bauer H. A. farmer; Sec.l2; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 Baxter Timothy. 
 Billings Thos. laborer. 
 Blackington Geo. farmer ; Sec. 35. 
 Blackington H. H. farm ; Sec.36 ; P.O.Roscoe. 
 Blackington James, retired ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Blackington J. F. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Blackington Jesse, retired; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Blackington M. R. farm ; S. 35 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Blackington Wm. farmer ; P. O. Rosoce. 
 Blackington Wm. farmer; Sec. 35. 
 Blair S. A. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Blake D. C. 
 Borth A. farmer. 
 Bowns Joseph, laborer; Roscoe. 
 Bradley Edwin, retired farmer. 
 
 BRADLEY J. A. Druggist; Roscoe; 
 bom in this Co., Roscoe Tp., April 33, 
 1845 , owns property to the value of 
 $4,000 ; married Miss M. E. Smith, in this 
 Co., Roscue Tp., in April, 1870; have four 
 children, Clara S., Louis Bristol, Helen 
 Mabel, Maria. 
 
 Bradley L. B., M. D. ; Roscoe. 
 
 BRADL.EY MV. H. Merchant; Roscoe 
 born iu this Co., Roscoe Tp., in 1850 
 owns property to the value of $4,000 
 married Miss C. M. Shaw, in this Co., Oct 
 3, 1876; she was born in N. Y., in 1857 
 have one child, Frank. 
 
 Briggs D. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 BRlOGiS KORAH, Farmer; Sec. 8; 
 P. O. Roscoe ; born in Montgomery Co., 
 N. Y., April 8, 1815 ; came to this Co. in 
 1842 ; owns 98 acres land ; married Miss 
 
 T. A. Bonfey, in N. Y., in 1840; she was 
 
 born in N. Y., Oct. 13, 1815. 
 Brown Fred C. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Brown J. W. farmer ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Brown L. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Buchanan T.P. farm; S.20; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 Budd M. D. blacksmithing and jobbing, 
 
 Roscoe. 
 Budd Wm. wagon and carriage maker; 
 
 Roscoe. 
 Burden John, laborer ; Roscoe. 
 Burtin W. G. farm; Sec.lO; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 /^xiDY D. C. farmer. 
 
 Carey Howard, barber. 
 
 Carpenter J. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Carpenter N. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Carroll J. renter; Sec. 3; P. O. Beloit. 
 
 Chenney J. renter; Sec. 14; P. O. Beloit. 
 
 Coffin S. B. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Colier Alexander. 
 
 COLE E. D. Farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. 
 
 Roscoe ; born in Steuben Co., N. Y., Aug. 
 
 7, 1827; came to this Co. in 1846; owns 
 
 140 acres land; is Notary Public and 
 
 Commissioner Highways. 
 Cornelius Geo. laborer; Roscoe. 
 Cox Chas. farmer; Sec. 12; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 Cox Richard, farm; S. 12; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 Cox Russell, farm ; Sec. 12 ; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 Crosb}^ Lorain, laborer; Roscoe. 
 
 CROSS LEWIS, Farmer; Sec. 29; P. 
 O. Roscoe; bora iu this Co., Oct. 31, 1851 ; * 
 owns 106 acres land ; married Miss Lydia 
 Boon, iu this Co., town of Roscoe, March 
 19, 1873; siie was born in Elgin, this State, 
 July 27, 1855. 
 
 CR«>SS HO]!^f. ROBERT J. (De- 
 ceased), whose portrait appears in this 
 work, was born in Newburg, Orange Co., 
 N. Y., on the first day of October, 1803, 
 and during his years of minority resided 
 mostly in Bethel, Sullivan Co., of that 
 State. 
 
 When about 22 years of age, he, with a » 
 younger brother, decided to emigrate to I 
 the then tar West, and going to Detroit, I 
 purchased a farm in Tecumseh, Lenawe | 
 C'o., Mich., where he remained until 1830. < 
 He and his brother then sold out and re- 
 moved to Coldwiter, Mich., where they 
 remained until June, 1835, when he came 
 to his present residence in Winnebago Co., 
 Illinois, where he continually resided un- t 
 til his death. The next year he married 1 
 Miss Hannah Benedict, of Monroe Co., N. ' 
 Y., who still survives him. At the time 
 
ROSCOE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 619 
 
 Mr. Cross came to Roscoe, no land was in 
 market and he was forced to purchase a 
 squatter's right to his present farm, and as 
 some of the land in Wisconsin was subject 
 to entry in the Green Bay land district, he 
 selected some along the Rock river from 
 Janesville to Beloit, and on foot and alone 
 he made his way to Green Bay, through 
 an unbroken wilderness, and bought his 
 land in Wisconsin. From thence via the 
 lakes he returned to Detroit and Cold- 
 water, and in the fall of that year became 
 the occupant of the present homestead. 
 Mr. Cross was essentially a pioneer — a 
 man of strong frame of body, of unyield- 
 mg tenacity for the right ; even in boy- 
 hood the champion of the feeble, or those 
 he deemed oppressed. 
 
 He was a stalwart oak, cm whom could 
 ever lean the feeble and the frail— as Min- 
 ister E. B. Washburne declared, a "Noble 
 Old Roman." A farmer all his life, and 
 yet a firm, reliable business man, as a life 
 constantly occupied in public atiairs 
 proved him to be. Yet he was ever as 
 tender in heart as a little child, and his 
 sympathy was even larger than his frame, 
 or his purse ; and truly was it said of him, 
 "those who knew him best, loved him 
 most." 
 
 During his residence of 36 years in this 
 County, Mr. Cross was closely and inti- 
 mately identified with its development, 
 politically, socially and materially, never 
 being backward in anything that would 
 aid in its moral or religious advancement. 
 A warm friend of education, he always 
 lent a willing hand to aid in building 
 school houses and es-tablishing schools. 
 
 Mr. Cross assisted at the organization of 
 the county, being a member of ihe elec- 
 tion board for the first election ever held 
 in it, August, 183G. He was elected by 
 the County Commissioners in 1836, at their 
 first meeting, County Treasurer, which 
 position he held for three years, in 1846, 
 he was elected by the W^higs as a Repre- 
 sentative to the General Assembly for this 
 county, and in 1847, by them as the col- 
 league of Hon. Selden M. Church, a dele- 
 gate to revise the Constitution of the 
 State. In 1862, he was an independent 
 candidate for the position of delegate to 
 the Convention to again revise the Consti- 
 tution, but was defeated by a small plu- 
 rality. In 1869 he was unanimously nom- 
 inated by the Republicans for member of 
 the Convention that formed our present 
 constitution, and was elected without 
 opposition. Later he was nominated by 
 the Republicans and elected one of the 
 three members from Winnebago and 
 IBoone Counties to the General Assembly. 
 In all these legislative bodies he has borne 
 an honorable and conspicuous part. 
 
 In addition to this, Mr. Cross was 
 Chairman of the Board of Supervisors sev- 
 eral years, occupying that position at the 
 time of his death. 
 
 He was also township School Fund 
 Trustee for over thirty consecutive years, 
 during which time the township never 
 sufi'ered loss from th ■ funds being loaned 
 on insutficient securities, as was the case 
 in most townships. 
 
 He had five cliildren, John, Margaret 
 Louisa, William Henry, Marie Antoinette 
 (deceased), and Lewis. The estimation in 
 which lie was lield was manifest by dele- 
 gations of the early settlers of the county, 
 members of the Board of Supervisors and 
 from the State Legislature, in attendance 
 at his funeral. 
 
 Curtiss Harry B. machinist; Roscoe. 
 
 Curtiss John, physician ; Roscoe. 
 
 Curtiss Wilbur A., Roscoe. 
 
 Cushman A. laborer; Sec. 14; P. O. Beloit, 
 Wis. 
 
 ■p^AVIDSON JOHN, shoemaker; Roscoe. 
 
 Degraff A. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 ©ECiROFF PH1L.EMON, Farmer; 
 Sec. 27; P. O. Roscoe; born in N. Y. in 
 1811; came to this Co. in 1842; owns 37 
 acres land; married Miss M. Westrup, in 
 this Co., Dec. 25, 1873; she was born in 
 N.Y. 
 
 Dodge A. F. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Dodge Ahueron, Sec. 21; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Dodge L. B. farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Dunning A. C. farm ; Sec. 3 ; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 ELLIS G.H., 2d, farmer; Sec. 15; P. O- 
 Beloit, Wis. 
 Ellis J. C. farmer; Sec. 12; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 Ellis P. C. farmer; Sec. 13; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 F ARK ANT R. H. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. 
 Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Fassett L. H. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Filliugham E.J. farmer; Sec. 9; P.O.Be- 
 loit, Wis. 
 
 Fillingham Chas. farmer; Sec. 9; P.O.Be- 
 loit,' Wis. 
 
 Fillingham I. farm; Sec. 9; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Fitch A. D. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Fitch W. P. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Fox C. D. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Fox C. M. farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Fyler L. S. peddler; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 'ALEN J AS. laborer; Roscoe. 
 
 G 
 
 Galen Lawrence, laborer; Roscoe. 
 
 Garlick Byron, singing school teacher. 
 
 Garlick G. C. 
 
 Garrett G. W. farmer. 
 
 Glover B. F. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Goodwin H. farm; Sec. 14; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Grant John, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
620 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTOKT*. 
 
 Grant J. H. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 GRAVES A. Farmer; Sec. 13; P.O. 
 Beloit, Wis.; born in N. Y., Oct. 23, 1811; 
 came to this Co. in 1837; owns 240 
 acres land; married Miss MaryE. Roberts, 
 in Ohio, April 3, 1832; she was born in 
 Vermont in 1811. 
 
 Graves B. F., Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Graves G. W. farmer ; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Graves Homer, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Graves Horace, farmer. 
 
 Graves Orlando, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Graves Orrin, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Graves R. W. farm; Sec. 10; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Graves R. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Graves W. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Griffith Serene, retired farmer; Roscoe. 
 
 GRISWOLD FRANCIS, Farmer; 
 Sec.21 ; P.O. Roscoe ; born in Ontario Co.,]Sr. 
 Y., June 17, 1825 ; came to this Co. in 1854 ; 
 owns 84 acres laud ; married Miss Cynthia 
 Emeline Warner, in Lake Co., O. ; she was 
 born in Madison, O., Dec. 2, 1827 ; have 
 seven children: Amie Eliza, Harriet, War- 
 ren, Ida, Anna, Melissa, Charles. 
 
 ARDY HARRIS, renter; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 H 
 
 Harley Frederick, cabinet maker ; Roscoe. 
 
 HARW$>OI> B. F. Retired Farmer; 
 Roscoe; born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., 
 Jan. 3, 1813; came to this Co. in 1843; 
 owns 100 acres land ; first wife was Miss 
 Melissa Stone; present wife was Lydia 
 Ostrander; she was born in Canada, May 
 1, 1815. 
 
 Hayward L. G. farm; S.8; P. O Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Hayward M. W. farm; S.3; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Hemstreet Jas. farm; S. 12; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Hill Marvin, blacksmith and wagon maker; 
 Roscoe. 
 
 Hinkley A. B. trav. ag't; S. 28; P.O. Roscoe. 
 
 HOBART J. €. Farmer; Sec. 28; P. 
 O. Roscoe; born in Cortland Co., N. Y., 
 March 13, 1826; came to this Co. in 1867; 
 owns 75 acres land; married Miss CM. 
 Wadsworth, in Rock Co., Wis., Dec. 12, 
 1851 ; she was born in Erie Co., N. Y., 
 Nov. 14, 1825. 
 
 Holland Thos. laborer; Roscoe. 
 
 Holmes C. B. farm; Sec.l7; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Hopkins C. PI. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Hopkins H. D. carpenter and joiner; Roscoe. 
 
 Hopkins J. C. farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 TRISH JOSEPH, tailor; Roscoe. 
 
 Irish Wm. miller ; Roscoe. 
 JEROME C. B. laborer; Roscoe. 
 
 Jones J. B., M. D. physician ; Roscoe. 
 
 K 
 
 L 
 
 JOIVES JOH]^ R. Farmer; Sec. 9; 
 P.O.Beloit, Wis.; born in city ot New 
 York, Aug. 3, 1850; owns property to the 
 value of f 1,600; married Miss Fannie 
 Myers, in Beloit, Sept. 18, 1S73 ; she was 
 born in Penn., Dec. 11, 1854; have three 
 children : Ada Frances, born Aug. 5, 1874; 
 Nellie, Jan. 29, 1875; Mary Rachel, Jan. 
 30, 1877. 
 
 ENT FRANCIS SMITH, farmer; Sec. 
 34; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 KEXT GEORGE H. S. Farmer; 
 Sec. 34; P. O. Roscoe; born in Erie Co., 
 Penn., April 7, 1821 ; came to this Co. in 
 1844; owns 260 acres land; liiis held va- 
 rious town offices ; married Miss Belinda 
 V. Smith, in Rosci e, this Co., Sept. 14, 
 1853; she was born in Penn., Feb. 2, 1830; 
 have four children: Francis Smith, born 
 in this Co., July 17, 1854; Mary E., in this 
 Co., Nov. 12, 1855; William Forest, in 
 this Co., May 14, 1859; Ernestine, in this 
 Co., Sept. 6, 1862. 
 
 Kent N. D. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 ATHROP GEORGE W. school teacher; 
 Roscoe. 
 
 I.ATHROF SAMlTEIi, Proprietor 
 of the Farmers Hotel, Roscoe,Ill. ; born in 
 Rutlnnd Co., Vermont, Feb. 28, 1815; 
 went from there to St. Thomas, Canada; 
 lived there three years; from there he went 
 to Ohio, where he married Miss Margaret 
 Hays, Jan. 13, 1846; she was born in 
 Penn., Oct. 6, 1821 ; they came to this Co. 
 in 1846 ; have live children : Mary A. (now 
 Mrs. Cheeney), born Dec. 1, 1847 ; Esther 
 Alice (now Mrs. Van Antwerp), Aug. 29, 
 1851 ; George W., Nov. 24, 1853 ; Annie 
 Luela, Aug. 19, 1861 ; Fred. Delos, June 5, 
 1864. 
 
 Lawrence A. D. retired merchant; Roscoe. 
 
 Lee E. M. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Lee Geo. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Linderman J. II. farm; S.l; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Lloyd Wm. farm; Sec. 24; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Lloyd Thos. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 I.OVE JABEZ, Farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. 
 Roscoe; born in this Co., in township of 
 Harlem, May 16, 1854; owns 100 acres 
 land ; has held various offices in County 
 Grange. 
 
 Love John, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. 1 oscoe. 
 
 EOVEJOY X. J. Farmer; Sec. 4; P. 
 O. Roscoe; born in city of New York, 
 Aug. 1, 1818; came to this Co. in Feb., 
 1837; owns 51 acres land; married Miss 
 Louisa Wood, in this Co., Sept. 24, 1867; 
 she was born in Hancock Co., Maine, July 
 7, 1828. 
 
 Lovesee G. G. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Lovesee G. W. farm ; Sec. 29 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 EOVESEE JOHX, Farmer; Sec. 35; 
 P. O. Roscoe ; born in England, in 1815 ; 
 
KOSCOE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 621 
 
 came to this Co. in 1835; owns 180 acres 
 land; married Miss Permelia McCrady, in 
 this Co., in 1840 ; she was born in Canada, 
 in 1831. 
 
 Lovesee L. D. farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Lovesee Philo, farmer ; Sec. 29. 
 
 Lovesee R. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Ro.scoe. 
 
 liOVESEE WM. Farmer; Sec. 25; 
 P. O. Roscoe; born in Berlishire, Eng., 
 Aug. 8, 1818; came to this Co. in 1836; 
 owns 160 acres land; married Miss Harriet 
 Blackington, in Beloit, Wis., Aug. 27, 
 1847 ; she was born in Ohio, June 29, 1828 ; 
 have seven children. Homer, Harriet, 
 William, Emma, Collins, Ida, Edith. 
 
 Lovesee W. W. farm; Sec. 34; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Lundy W. N. physician ; Roscoe. 
 
 LYFORD ©IJDIiEY, Farmer; Sec. 
 5; P. O. Roscoe; born in JST. H., Nov. 6, 
 1835; came to this Co. in 1842; owns 680 
 acres land ; married Miss Harley, in Rock- 
 ton, this Co. ; she was born in S. C. 
 
 Lyford J. G. farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P.O. Roscoe. 
 
 M 
 
 cAFFEE W. D. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 McAFFEE J AS. Farmer; Sees. 29 and 
 32; P. O. Roscoe; born in Bradford Co., Pa., 
 Aug. 18, 1827; came to this Co. in 1839; 
 owns 128 acres land ; enlisted in 74th L V. 
 I., as Sergeant, Aug. 11, 1862; was honor- 
 ably discharged; married Miss M. L. 
 Cross, in this Co., Roscoe Tp., March 22, 
 1866 ; she was born in this Co., Roscoe Tp., 
 April 21, 1839. 
 
 HfcAFFEE JNO. Farmer; Sec. 28; 
 P. O. Roscoe; born in Northumberland 
 Co., Penn., in March, 1810; came to this 
 Co. in 1838; owns 112 acres land; has 
 held office of Supervisor two years ; mar- 
 ried Miss Adeline Alden, in Ogle Co., this 
 State, in 1844 ; she was born in Bradford 
 Co., Penn. 
 
 McCabe Jas. farmer; Sec. 27; P.O. Roscoe. 
 
 McCabe Jas., Jr. farm ; Sec. 27 ; P.O. Roscoe. 
 
 McMakin Peter, rents farm; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 McMaster J. farm; Sec. 4; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 McMaster J. W. farm ; S.4; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 McSwegin D. farm: S. 22; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Manley G. F.farm ; Sec. 24; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Marston A. farm ; Sec. 12 ; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Marston P. farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Marston S. C. farm; Sec. 13; P.O.Beloit,Wis. 
 
 Mathews E. farm ; Sec. 15 ; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Mathews I. N. farm ; Sec. 15 ; P.O.Bel()it,Wis. 
 
 Maynard A. M. Town Collector; Roscoe. 
 
 Messenger Austin, shoemaker; Roscoe. 
 
 Miller David. 
 
 Moore John, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Moore Wm, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Muchmore G. H. renter; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 NICHOLS A. F. farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. 
 Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Nichols D. P. farm; S. 16; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Nichols L. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Nichols Phineas, farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Be- 
 loit, Wis. 
 
 Nichols Phineas T. farmer ; Sec, 15 ; P. O. 
 Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Nilsson Isaac, renter ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 "PALMER N. P. wagon-maker; Roscoe. 
 
 Parkins Benj. renter; P. 0. Roscoe. 
 Pepin Chas. farmer; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Peter John, retired farmer ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Pierce D. A. peddler ; Roscoe. 
 Pitt B. F. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O, Beloit, Wis. 
 Pitt S. R. farmer; Sec. 3; P. 0. Beloit, Wis. 
 Prentiss D. G., P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 R 
 
 ANSOM G. P., M. D.; Roscoe. 
 
 Ransom Wilmot L., M. D, ; Roscoe. 
 
 RA:NDAI^1. E. H. Dealer in Boots 
 and Shoes ; Roscoe ; born in N. Y. in 1851 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1871 ; commenced busi- 
 ness here in Roscoe in 1873 ; owns prop- 
 erty to the value of |2,000; has held office 
 of Town Clerk one term. 
 
 Reed Frederick, laborer ; Roscoe. 
 
 Reed Jefierson, laborer. 
 
 Reeves J. H. Methodist Preacher; Roscoe. 
 
 Reuschle F. C. farm; S.17; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Renschle F. W. farm ; S.17 ; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 RHODES J. M. Farmer; Sec. 33; 
 P. O. Roscoe; born in this Co., Roscoe 
 Tp., Aug. 25. 1840; owns 107 acres land; 
 has been Supervisor three terms ; Justice 
 o[ the Peace two terms; is Supervisor 
 and Justice of the Peace at present writ- 
 ing; married Miss Louisa Love, in this 
 Co., Aug. 25, 1864; she was born in this 
 Co., in i843; Mr. Rhodes enlisted in 15th 
 Regt. I. V. I., Co. B., May 24, 18(il ; was 
 in battles of Shiloh, Corinth, Siege of 
 Vicksburg, and numerous other engage- 
 ments. 
 
 RICHARDSON F. R. Farmer; Sec. 
 22; P. 0. Ro.scoe; was born in this Co., 
 May 8, 1837; owns 240 acres land; mar- 
 ried Miss Libbie Gregory, in this Co., 
 Sept. 22, 1862; she was born in Delaware 
 Co., N. Y., Feb. 19, 1843. 
 
 RICHARDSOX I.. ^V. Inventor; 
 Roscoe; l)orn in Montgomerv Co., N. Y., 
 J:m. 17, 1828; came to tliis Co. in 1854; 
 owns property to the value of -$10,000; is 
 Inventor of tlie Diamond Plow, manu- 
 factured by N. C. Thomson, Rockford; 
 nuirried Miss Maria L. Joms, in Mass., 
 Nov. 7, 1854; she was born in Cheshire 
 Co,, N. fl., Oct. 36, 1834. 
 
622 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Kichardson W. plow manufacturer; Roscoe. 
 Roberts James, miller ; Roscoe. 
 Roberts Wm. miller; Roscoe. 
 
 O AGE H. L. harness maker. 
 
 !SCHEL.IiENOER H. €. Farmer; 
 Sec. 26; P. O. Roscoe; born in Ohio, 
 April 30, 1839 ; came to this Co. in 1853 ; 
 owns 77 acres land; enlisted in 74th Regt. 
 I. V. I., Oct. 8, 1863; was honorably dis- 
 charged in 1864; married Mary Lovesee, 
 in this Co., Roscoe Tp., Dec. 25, 1867 ; she 
 was born in this Co., June 28, 1841. 
 
 Scott Samuel, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Schaffer J. J. blacksmith ; Roscoe. 
 
 Shaw Reuben, laborer ; Roscoe. 
 
 Shaw W. H. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Sherwood C. L. farm; S.IO; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Sherwood C. farmer; S. 10; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 SMITH C. F. Farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. 
 Roscoe; born in Mich., May 30, 1845; 
 came to this Co. in 1861 ; owns property 
 to the value of $1,000; enlisted in 74th 
 Regt. I. V. 1., in 1862 ; was in numerous 
 engagements; was honorably discharged 
 in June, 1865; married Miss Smith, in 
 Roscoe, this Co., Nov. 25, 1867 ; she was 
 born in this Co., Roscoe Tp., Aug. 13, 1847. 
 
 Smith C. L. farm; Sec. 24; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Smith Henry, laborer; Roscoe. 
 
 Smitli John C. renter; Roscoe. 
 
 SMITH S. T. Farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. 
 Rockton; born in tliis Co., Rnckton Tp., 
 Feb. 2 >, 1851 ; owns property to the value 
 of $1,500; married Miss MaVy Talcott, in 
 this Co., Sept. 24, 1875; she was born in 
 this Co., Sept. 24, 1852. 
 
 Spawn J. A. farmer; Roscoe. 
 
 Stevens Richard, stone mason. 
 
 ST<>CKWEIil. S A li' F O K D J. 
 Farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Roscoe; born in 
 Jefferson, N. Y., Jan. 20, 1840; came to 
 this Co. in 1876; owns property to the 
 
 value of $3,000; served three years in 
 late war; was in battles of Bulls Run, 
 Petersburg, and numerous other engage- 
 ments; WHS honorably discharged in 1865; 
 married Lydia J. Cox, in Beloit, Wis., 
 Dec. 9, 1875; she was born in England, 
 March 18, 1841. 
 
 Stover Benj. miller; Roscoe. 
 
 Sturtevant D. A. merchant ; Roscoe. 
 
 Sturtevant Frank, clerk. 
 
 TAFT GEO. M. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. 
 Roscoe. 
 Taft L. M. farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Tiffany L. N. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O.Rockton. 
 Tuttle G. M. farmer; Sec.2; P.O.Beloit, Wis. 
 
 VARNEY JOHN E. harness maker; 
 Roscoe. 
 Vencent Cornelius, attorney at law ; Roscoe. 
 
 w 
 
 ARNER EUGENE, laborer; Roscoe. 
 
 Watt R. shoemaker ; Sec. 35 ; P.O. Roscoe. 
 
 WEIiCH A. D. Painter; Roscoe; born 
 in this Co., Roscoe Tp., Feb. 13. 1850; 
 married Miss Elizabeth ^purlin, in 
 Grundy Co., la., May 10, 1875; she was 
 born in Ohio. 
 
 Welch Chas. painter ; Roscoe. 
 
 Welch P. M. wagon maker ; Roscoe. 
 
 Westrip Jas. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Whipple T. B. blacksmith ; Roscoe. 
 
 Wickoff J. B. blacksmith, and wagon and 
 carriage manufacturer; Roscoe. 
 
 Wilmarlli John, farmer. 
 
 WII^S^J]^ EKlfEST fil. Clerk; 
 Rosroe: born in tlii.s Co., Roscoe Tp., 
 Sept. 27. 1856; is Town Clerk, and Secre- 
 tary of Roscoe Silver Cornet Band. 
 
 Woolsey J. E. farmer ; P. O. Beloit. 
 
 Wood M. J. retired ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Wood S. O. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
OWEN TOWNSHir. 
 
 623 
 
 OWEN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 ANDERSON ABRAHAM, laborer; Sec. 
 18; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 ALBRABTT A. Blacksmith; Sec. 15; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Canada, Feb. 16, 
 1841; came to this Co. in 1872; Republi- 
 can; Methodist; married Sarah Rosevear, 
 of Rochester, N. Y., in 1869; Mrs. Al- 
 brant's mother, Mrs. Martha Rosevear, re- 
 sides witli them ; she M^as born in Ontario 
 Co., N. Y., in 1812; have two children: 
 Willie, born April 11, 1870; Alta, Jan. 1, 
 1874. 
 
 Armstrong A., Jr., Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Armstrong A. R. Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Armstrong J. renter; Sec. 3; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Aspland G. renter; Sec. 2; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Atkinson Charles, Sec. 6 : P. O. Harrison. 
 
 ATKlIfSOK JOHJ^ M. Superin. 
 tendent of County Poor House and Farm ; 
 Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford; born in Bur- 
 ritt Tp., in this Co., July 5, 1845; Re- 
 publican ; Liberal ; has held ofHce of Town 
 Collector of town of Burritt; was in 11th 
 HI. Cav., Co. L; maiden name of wife was 
 Minnie A. Douglas, born in N. Y. State; 
 married in Feb., 1868 ; have three children : 
 Ada, Elva and Kittle May. 
 
 Atwood John, Sec. 13; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 AT WOOD PATTEN, Farmer; farm 
 and residence in Sectional District of 
 Harlem; P. O. Rockton; boi-n in New 
 Hampshire, in January, 1805; married 
 Anna Brooks, Feb. 26, 1820; she was born 
 in Canada West, March 20, 1808; they 
 came to Winnebago County in Dee., 1839; 
 moved on tiie lanu where they now reside 
 in 1840; Mr. Atwood owns 230 acres of 
 land; tliey have fourteen children, all 
 married ; their names are as follows : Hen- 
 ry B., Sally, Eliza, Lydia, William, Can- 
 dace, Anna, Mary, Joseph B., Ireiui, Pat- 
 ten B., Harriet, John and Philip; ten of 
 these are now living in this Co.; Mr. and 
 Mrs. A. are members of the Baptist church. 
 
 AKER DAVID, Sec. 21 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 B 
 
 Baker Wm., Sec. 21 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Balis Nelson. 
 
 Barrett Charles, Sec. 26; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Barnes H. renter; Sec. 28; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Barnes Wm. renter; Sec. 21; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Barrett C. L. renter; Sec. 26; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Black Chas , Jr., Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Black Charles, Sec. 13 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Black John, Sec. 1 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Black William, P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Blake David, farmer; Sec. 20 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 BL.I»$H JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 80; P. 
 O. Rockford ; born in Troy, N. Y., Jan. 22, 
 1822; came to this Co. in 1860; Republi- 
 can ; Baptist ; owns 232 acres land ; has held 
 oflicesof Road Masterand School Director; 
 married Lydia E. Fife, of Mass. ; she died 
 ill March, 1861; present wife was Ann M. 
 Colton, born in Westfield, Mass., Aug. 22, 
 1831; married Jan. 27, 1863; have one 
 child by former and one by present mar- 
 riage: James Edward, born May 22, 1856; 
 Ashland C, March 20, 1875. 
 
 Blomberg August, Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Bomgarty Jos. renter ; Sec. 20 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Bolfield Charles, Sec. 7 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Brewster J. W. farm ; Sec. 8 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Brewster Joseph, Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Brewster Jos., Jr., Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Brown Chas. E. brick maker; Sec. 26; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 BRO^W:»f GEORGE S. Farmer ; Sec. 
 35 ; P. O. Rockford ; boru in this Co. June 
 23, 1859; owns 199 acres land, value $60 
 per acre; holds office of Road Commis- 
 sioner of this town ; was in army as team- 
 ster six months; maiden name of wire was 
 Jennie Rogers; she was born in England, 
 March, 1846; married Feb. 13, 1867; have 
 three children: William, born Dec. 11, 
 1868; Flora, Aug. 16, 1870; Edith, Nov. 
 25, 1872. 
 
 BROWir IIOM'RY, Farmer ; Sec. 26 ; 
 P. O. Rockford ; born in Rhode Island, Jan. 
 29, 1S14; came to this Co. in May, 1838; 
 Republican : Liberal ; owns 240 acres land ; 
 has held office of Justice of Peace; is 
 among the oldest settlers; still owns and 
 conducts the f\u'm which he originally 
 purchased from the government; married 
 Lucy AI. Pease, of Lyons, Wayne Co., N. 
 Y. ; she was born March 31, 1815; niiirried 
 Feb. 26, 1837; have had eleven chiMreii, 
 five still living: George S., Charles E., 
 Mary E., Henry A., Fred O., Richard E. 
 
 Bryden James W. Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 CAMPBELL JOHN. Sec. 12; P. O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 Campbell J. C. renter; Sec. 10; P.O.Rockton. 
 Carr Thos. renter; Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 Clarke Geo. renter; Sec. 6; P. O. Rockton. 
 Clark John, renter; Sec. 6; P. O. Rockton. 
 Clark W. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 CLIKEMAW MINER, Farmer; Sec. 
 21 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Schoharie Co., 
 N Y, Feb. 26, 1832: came to this Co. in 
 1862 ; Republican ; Liberal ; owns 260 acres 
 land; maiden name of wife was Ann 
 Elizabeth Allen, born in Albany Co., N. 
 
624 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Y ; married in 1853; have six children, 
 Charles, Sidney, Austin, Verni, Adela and 
 William. 
 
 Clikeman S. farmer, lives with his father- 
 
 bee. 21 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Collender Jno. Sec. 19: P. O. Rockford 
 Collins F. A. rents farm; S.6; P.O. Harrison 
 Compton W. Sec. 17; P. O. Rockford. 
 Conklin D. rents farm; Sec.4; P.O.Harrison. 
 Crowley M. farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 AVIS ANDREW, laborer; Sec. 13- P 
 O. Rockford. ' 
 
 D 
 
 Douney Morris, farmer; Sec. 9. 
 
 EAKER A. B. fruit raiser; Sec. 37- P O 
 Rockford. 
 
 Easterly E. O. Sec. 9; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 '^J^'^S^y^^ CHAS. W. Farmer; 
 Sec. 34; P.O. Rockford; born in GeoiW 
 c^i"' ^' '^'^''- ^^' 18^2 ; came to this Co. in 
 l«74; Republican; Liberal; married Sa- 
 maria J. Rodgers ; she was born in N Y ■ 
 have two children, George P., and Emma 
 t5. ; was in 92d I. V. I., Co. A; served three 
 years. 
 
 Ellis D. H. Sec. 6; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 pADER J. G. Sec. 15; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Fader S. N. Sec. 14; P. O. Rockford. 
 Fairgrieve J. laborer; Sec. 2; P.O. Rockford. 
 Farmer B. rents farm ; Sec. 6 ; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 ^'^^P^ WADI.EICJH, Farmer; 
 Sec. 5; P. O. Rockford; born in N. H. in 
 1H06; came to this Co. in May, 1838; Re- 
 publican; Liberal; owns 180 acres land- 
 has held office of Assessor; maiden name 
 ot wife was Mary Bryning, born in Lon- 
 aon, England, in 1814; married in 1843. 
 
 Favor Walter, Sec. 8; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Fleming Jno. farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 Fleming Jno. Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Fleming R. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Force William T. 
 
 Frazer F. rents farm; Sec.l4; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Furye Henry, Sec. 3; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Furye R. C. farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 r^ILMORE WILLIAM. 
 
 Gleasman Geo. bee. 1 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 Gleasman Philip, Sec. 11 ; P. O Rockford. 
 Glover Jno. W. Sec. 4; P. O. Rockton. 
 Griffiths Geo. Sec. 4; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 GRIMES CHAS. and JOHX, 
 
 Farmers; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rockford; John 
 Grimes was born in Rockford, March 6, 
 1853; Charles was born in same place' 
 Oct, 6, 1856; both Democrats; Catholics, ' 
 
 H ALLEY DAVID, Sec. 19; P. O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 
 Halley D. W. Sec. 19; P. O. Rockford. 
 Halley E. R. lives with father; Sec. 4- P O 
 Rockton. ' 
 
 Halley Robt. Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 Halley Wm. Sec. 30; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HAL,l,EY WM. Farmer; Sec. 4; P 
 O. Rockton; born in Fifeshire, Scotland, 
 June 4, 1818; came to this Co. in 1838; 
 Republican ; Liberal ; owns 640 acres land • 
 Mr. Halley was an early settler of this Co.! 
 and until 1860 engaged in merchant tailor- 
 ing in Rockton; after this he became a 
 farmer; holds the office of Supervisor of 
 this Tp.; has also held offices of Justice of 
 the Peace and Assessor; married Christian 
 Mackie, born in Scotland, in 1846 ; have 
 three children, Willi am A., Hannah M 
 and Edwin R. 
 
 Halley W. A. lives with father; Sec. 4; P. O. 
 Rockton. 
 
 Hanmer John C. rents farm ; Sec. 19 ; P. O 
 Rockford. 
 
 Hanmer J. L. rents farm ; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Har- 
 rison. 
 
 Harper J. rents farm ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Haske W. H. 
 
 Hatch Adelbert. 
 
 Hatch A. F. Sec. 25; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hatch D. R. farmer; Sec. 35; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Hawkenson David, Sec. 33; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hawkenson J. farm; Sec. 33; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Higgens T. renter; Sec. 5; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hulett A. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Hulett J. M. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Hulett L. F. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Hulett M. farmer; Sec. 13; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 Hyatt Almond, Sec. 10; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Hyatt C. W. farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 JENSEN T. P. laborer; Sec. 26; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 Johnson John, Sec. 16 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Jordon R. Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 KELLY JAMES, rents farm; Sec. 23- 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 Kelly J. rents farm ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 Kelly John, Jr., Sec. 32; P. O. Rockford. 
 Kebbe A. rents farm ; Sec. 15 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 Kebbie Wm. 
 
 KXAPP FREDERICK M. Farm- 
 er; Sec. 34; P. O. Rockford; born in 
 Albany, N. Y., Jan. 15, 1847; came to this 
 Co. in 1845; owns 160 acres laud, valued 
 at ,|85 per acre ; married Ida M. Barrett 
 Sept. 1, 1863; she was born in N. Y.; 
 have two children, George, born June 5,' 
 1864; Fred, Feb. 4, 1866; Mr. Knapp'^ 
 
OWEN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 625 
 
 mother, Electa P. Knapp, is living on Sec. 
 33; was born in Hamilton, Madison Co., 
 N. Y., Feb. 17, 1804; owns 240 acres land; 
 Mrs. Knapp is the widow of the late Jacob 
 Knapp, who was a Baptist clergyman of 
 distinction and a large land owner; he 
 died March 2,1874; Mrs. Knapp is mother 
 of eight children ; lost one at the battle of 
 Kenesaw Mt. 
 
 L 
 
 ANDERS CHRISTOPHER, Sec. 27; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Landers Thos. 
 
 L.ATHAM FRA5f€lS E. Farmer; 
 Sec. 13; P.O. Rockford; born in Conn., 
 Feb. 16, 1818; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 Republican; Liberal; owns 269 acres 
 land; has held the othce of Supervisor of 
 this Tp. for 14 years ; also has been Com- 
 missioner of Highways; married Maria 
 Zimmer; she was born in N. Y. ; died 
 July 31, 1872; has four children, Henry 
 A., Sarah (now Mrs. R. D. Hatch), Abbie 
 and Emma. 
 
 Latham H.A. rents farm ; S.24 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Leahy Wm. Sec. 29; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Lewis A. rents farm ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 liEE JAMES B. Farmer; Sec. 6; P.O. 
 Harrison; born ip Columbia Co., Penn., 
 Nov. 23, 1803 ; came to this Co. in Sept., 
 1835; is the oldest settler in this Tp. ; 
 there were but two houses in Rockford 
 when he came here; lias held the office of 
 Town Trustee; his lirst wife was Miranda 
 Brayton ; she was born in Canada, July 
 26, 1809; married July 23, 1829; she died 
 Feb. 3, 1849 ; his present wife was Clara 
 A. Henry; married May 27, 1863; have 
 seven children living, Clarinda (now Mrs. 
 John I. Fassett), Carseua (now Mrs. Nor- 
 ris Makepiece), Lucinda (now Mrs. 
 Asahel Fassett), Clinton J., Ruth (now 
 Mrs. Job Trenholm), Benjamin F., present 
 Co. Clerk, Margaret J., now Mrs. Willis 
 Stone. 
 
 Liddle George, Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Liddle Thomas, Sec. 2; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Liddle William, Sec. 12; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 LiILLiIE J. X. Farmer; lives on ftither's 
 farm; Sec. 31; P. O. Rockford; born in 
 Woodstock, Mass., Aug. 5, 1846 ; came to 
 this Co. in 1858 ; Republican; Methodist; 
 enlisted in 146th Regt. T. V. L; served 
 one year; married Caroline Beatson, Feb. 
 2, 1869 ; she was born in this Co. ; have 
 four children, Luman B., Elizabeth I., 
 Herbert C, and Edward L. 
 
 Lillie Jared, Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Lonergan John, Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Lonergan Thomas, Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 MCCARTY FLORENCE, Sec. 18; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 McClarren Peter, Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 McClaren Wm. Sec. 16; P. O. Rockford. 
 McGonigal Alex. Sec. 11 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 McGonigal W. rents farm; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 McMICHAEI. HUGH, Farmer; Sec. 
 25 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Scotland, Feb. 
 6,1832; came to this Co. in 1851; owns 
 163 acres land; married Mary Hill in 
 March, 1863; she was born in Scotland; 
 have live children : Agnes, Daniel, Lizzie, 
 Hugh and John. 
 
 McMlchael Malcom, Sec. 23; P.O.Rockford. 
 Mayes James, Sec. 2; P. 0. Rockford. 
 
 MAYES WIIil^IAM, Farmer; Sec. 
 14; P. O. Rockford; born in Penn., Dec. 
 15, 1815; came to this Co. in 1856; Re- 
 publican; Presbyterian; owns 160 acres 
 land, valued at $65 per acre; has held 
 office of Road Commissioner for two 
 terms, and Assessor two years; married 
 Margaret Elliott, of Penn., in 1838; she 
 was born April 9, 1817 ; have had six chil- 
 dren, three still living : Rebecca A., James 
 O. and Frances W. 
 
 Miller S. rents farm ; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Miller Wm. rents farm ; Sec. 7 ; P.O.Harrison. 
 
 Miller Z. rents farm; Sec. 14; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 MIL.NE ROBERT P. Farmer ; Sec. 
 32; P. O. Rockford; born in Burritt Tp., 
 Oct. 22, 1846; Republican; Liberal; hokls 
 office of Collector; maiden name of wife 
 was Mary Duffee, born in N. J., May 1, 
 1855; married Jan. 1, 1873; have one 
 child, Una H., born Dec. 28, 1873. 
 
 Milton William, Sec. 8; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 MIXARD CHARLES, Farmer; P. 
 O. Rockford; born in N. H., Oct. 14, 1839; 
 came to this Co. in 1858; owns 131 acres 
 land, value |60 per acre; married Susan 
 Hocking, of England, in 1866; have five 
 children : Anna, Ida, Jennie, Luis, Fred. 
 
 Minard Wm., Sec. 32; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Moflatt John, Sec. 32; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Montgomery Andrew, Sec. 22 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Montgomery J. farm ; Sec. 22 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 Moore Wm. N. 
 
 Mulvaney W. Jas., Sec. 26; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 PARROTT WILLIAM, Sec. 22; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 Pashman G. rents farm ; S. 22 ; P.O.Rockford. 
 Pashman J.H. rents farm ;S.22 ;P.O.Rockford. 
 Patterson Alexander, Sec. 9; P.O. Rockford. 
 Patterson James, Sec. 9 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Patterson John N., Sec. 30; P. O. Rockford. 
 Pendergrast Patrick, Sec. 29; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 PHEL.PS EGBERT, Farmer; Sec. 
 33; P. O. Rockford; born in this Co., 
 April 20, 1837; Republican; Liberal; Mr. 
 Phelps claims to be the oldest person now 
 living in the Co. that was born here; he 
 was in 17th 111, Cav., Co. K, served two 
 
626 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 years ; married Mary E. Brown, who was 
 born in this Co., Sept. 12, 1843, and mar- 
 ried in Nov., 1866. 
 
 Powell Wm., Sec. 29; P. O. Roclcford. 
 Price Wm. Sec. 19; P. O. Rockford. 
 Primes John. 
 
 Putnam B. F. Sec. 20; P. O. Rockford. 
 Putnam Marshal. 
 
 R 
 
 EED JAMES C, Sec. 31; P. O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 
 Reeves Jas. W., Sec. 15 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Richards O. L., Sec. 29 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Richards S. S., Sec. 29 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Riley Patrick. 
 
 ROISA JAMEIS, Renter; Sec. 22; P.O. 
 Rockford ; born in Cortland, N. Y., March 
 19, 1825 ; came to this Co. in 1876 ; maiden 
 name of wite was Harriet Patten ; she was 
 born in N. Y. State ; married in 1844 ; have 
 four cliildren : William J., Abram, Emma 
 and Nellie. 
 
 Rotgar C. renter ; Sec. 7 ; P. O. Harrison. 
 
 Rudd Cyrus, renter; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 SAMPLE DAVID, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. 
 Rockford. 
 
 SAMPI.E IVM. H. Farmer; Sec. 
 28; P.O. Rockford; born in Allegheny 
 Co., Penn., Nov. 12, 1837; came to this 
 Co. in 1871; owns 160 acres land, valued 
 at $70 per acre; Republican; Liberal; 
 married Mrs. Emma C. Couch, in 1870; 
 she was born in Penn.; have three chil- 
 dren; Mrs. Sample had one child by for- 
 mer marriage, and two by present mar- 
 riage: Elizabeth, Pearl and Willie. 
 
 Sanders H. C. Sec. 3; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 S^CHOONIVIAKER C. Farmer; Sec. 
 25 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Montgomery 
 Co., N. Y., Oct. 4, 1824; came to this Co. 
 in March, 1857; Republican; Liberal; 
 owns 208 acres land ; has held the offices of 
 Collector and Assessor; married Charity 
 Derring, Aug. 19, 1848; she was born in 
 Schoharie Co., N. Y., Jan. 5, 1827; have 
 had four children; two living: David, 
 born Oct. 31, 1849; Fred, born June 3, '69. 
 
 Schoonmaker David, S. 25 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Seaverns Frank, Sec. 24 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 SEAVEBWS ISAAC MT. Farmer; 
 Sec. 24 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Rox- 
 bury, Mass., Jan. 30, 1813; owns 245 acres 
 land; came to this Co. in 1848; married 
 Ann E. Titus; .she was born in Rochester, 
 N. Y. ; married in 1842; have had eight 
 children ; lost two ; Isaac W., now 1 iving 
 in Chicago, Edwin M., living in Janes- 
 ville, Frank, George, Isabella, now Mrs. 
 Eddy, and Ella M., now Mrs. Dr. Taylor 
 of Rockton ; Frank Seaverns was born in 
 this Co., Dec. 13, 1850; owns 185 acres 
 land ; has held the offices of Overseer of 
 Highways and School Director ; married 
 
 Lillie E. Willis ; she was born in Penn. ; 
 married Sept. 22, 1875. 
 
 SIMPSO:^ 1VII.I.IAM C. B. 
 
 Farmer; lives with Robert P. Milne; Sec. 
 32; P. O. Rockford; born in Rockford 
 township, in 1848; Republican; Liberal. 
 
 SMITH ARCHIBAIiD J. Farmer; 
 Sec. 35 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Scot- 
 land, Oct. 1, 1842; came to this Co. in 
 1862 ; owns 160 acres land, valued at $65 
 per acre; married Mary A. GifFen; she 
 was born in this Co.; married June 2, 
 1864; have five children, James A., Jen- 
 nie, Mary, Alice, and Arthur. 
 
 Smith F. farm hand; Sec. 8; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 SMITH BICHABD, Rents Farm; 
 
 Sec. 19 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Ireland ; 
 
 came to this Co. in 1865; Republican; 
 
 Methodist preferred; married Margaret ¥ 
 
 Scott, in 1868 ; she was also born in Ire- 1 
 
 land ; have two children. 
 
 Sohner Edward, Sec. 29; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Steward Alanson, Sec. 9; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Steward E. farm ; Sec. 28 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Steward James, Sec. 21 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Steward Minard, Sec. 15 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Stryker J. B. rents farm ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Har- 
 rison. 
 
 Sweeney P. laborer; S. 18; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 TAIT WILLIAM, Sec. 32; P. O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 Taylor S. B. farm; Sec. 23; P. O. Rockford. 
 Thomas G. C. Sec. 7 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 THOMAS OBVILIiE P. Farmer; 
 Sec. 7; P. O. Harrison; born in Waj'ne 
 Co., Penn., Dec. 17, 1837; came to this Co. 
 in 1838; Republican; Liberal; owns 80 
 acres laud; was in 74th I. V. I., Co. F; 
 served three j'ear.;; married Alice A. Carr, 
 Dec. 2, 1870; she was born in N. Y. State; 
 have one child, William A. 
 
 Thompson D. A. farm ; S. 5 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 THOMPSO:Sf STEPHEN O. 
 Farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. Rockton; born in 
 New Jersey, Aug. 15, 1818; came to this 
 State in 1838 ; came to this Co. in 1842 ; 
 Republican ; Presbyterian preferred ; owns 
 290 acres land; married Eliza Knapp; she 
 was born in Putnam Co., N. Y., Aug. 17, 
 1818; married Nov. 29, 1845; have two 
 children living, Emily, now Mrs. Luke 
 T. Hulett, and Dudley A. ; lost two. 
 Tittle M. laborer; Sec. 82; P. O. Rockford^ 
 Truesdell Allen, Sec. 19; P. O. Rockford 
 Truesdell J. W. brickmaker; Sec. 26; P. O. 
 
 Rockford. 
 Trimmer Chas. M. Sec. 4; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 TUIil^OCK OEOBGE, Farmer: 
 Sec. 34; P.O. Rockford; born in Scot, 
 land, July 4, 1815; came to this Co. in 
 1841 ; Republican ; Liberal ; owns 231 
 acres land ; Mr. Tullock is one of the old- 
 
OWEN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 627 
 
 est settlers, tiaving drawn wheat to Chi- 
 cago and selling it at 50c per Imsliel, and 
 has sold pork as low as $1.25 per cwt., 
 taking about six days to make tlie trip ; 
 has held the oflices of Assessor and School 
 Treasurer; married Mary A. Milne; she 
 was born in Scotland, in 183;? ; married in 
 1845; have six children living, Maggie, 
 William, Emma, Alonzo, Volney, and 
 George ; lost three. 
 
 Tnl lock Volney, farmer; Sec. 34 ; lives with 
 father; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Tullock Wm. farm; Sec. 34; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Turney E. W. rents farm; S. 16; P. O. Rock- 
 ford. 
 
 w 
 
 EBB BURL, laborer; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Whelan Matthew, Sec. 28; P. O. Rockford. 
 Wicks Walter, Sec. 17; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 WILDER KUWARU B. Farmer; 
 Sec. 27; P. O. Rockford ; born in Kecne, 
 N. H., Nov. 2(i. 1833; came to this Co. in 
 1856; Republican; Congregalionalist; 
 owns lOo acres land, valued at $55 per 
 acre; lirst wife was Mary Williams, born 
 in Maine ; present wife was Edna E. Fow- 
 ler; has two children by first marriage 
 and three by second, Viola, Azel H., Lil- 
 lian J., Charles, and Edward B. 
 
 Woodiwess Alonzo, rents farm ; Sec. 1 ; P. O. 
 Rockton. 
 
 'r ,*«. -"J 
 
628 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRBOTOBY: 
 
 HARLEM TOWNSHIP. 
 
 B 
 
 ANDREW CHARLES, grain dealer; 
 Argyle. 
 Andrew David, grain dealer ; Argyle. 
 Andrew Hugh, merchant; Argjie. 
 Andrus Joel, farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Harlem. 
 Andrus Thos. farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P.O. Harlem. 
 Armstrong A. farmer; Sec. 33; P.O.Harlem. 
 Armstrong F. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P.O. Harlem. 
 Armstrong AVilber ; farm ; S.33 ; P.O.Harlem. 
 Armstrong W. D. farm; Sec.32; P.O.Harlem. 
 Aspole Josiah, farm; Sec. 20; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Atwood B. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Harlem. 
 Atwood David, farm; S. 31 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Atwood Jas. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Harlem. 
 Atwood S. G. farmer; bee. 30; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 ARRETT HARDING, rents farm; Sec. 
 20; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Bartholomew E. S. farm; Sec.30; P.O.Rock- 
 ford. 
 
 Bartholomew Joy, farm ; Sec.30 ; P.O.Rock- 
 
 ford. 
 Benedict Elius, farm; Sec. 9; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Brown xindrew; Sec. 13; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 BROWX EDYTAKD, Faraier; Sec. 
 15; P. O. Argyle; born in Argyleshire, 
 Scotland, Nov. 11, 1810; came to this 
 country in 1834; located in Ohio; lived 
 there 17 years; came to tliis Co. in 1851; 
 owns 345 acres land ; has held various 
 township offices; msirried Miss Elizabeth 
 Brown, in Hamilton Co., Ohio; she was 
 born in Argyleshire, Scotland; Mr. Brown 
 has been Trustee of the Presbyterian 
 Church for a number of years. 
 
 Brown Win. farm; Sec. 13; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Brown Wm., Jr. Sec. 13 ; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 BRUXEK MAI.COI.3I, Farmer; 
 Sec. 22; P. O. Harlem; born in Essex Co., 
 Canada, April 10, 1839 ; came to tliis Co. 
 in 1849; owns 215 acres land; enlisted in 
 18th Wisconsin Inf , in September, 1861 ; 
 served 4 months as private, G months as 
 Sergeant, 6 months as 2d Lieutenant, 2 
 years and 6 months as Captain ; was hon- 
 orably discharged in 1865 ; was Secretary 
 of the County Grange the first 3 years of 
 its organization ; married Adelia Swezey, 
 in this Co., April 23, 186S; she was born 
 in New York, March 3, 1844. 
 
 BIJCHAXA]^ THO.UAS, Farmer; 
 Sec. 3; P. O. Roscoe; born in Canada, 
 April 10, 1854; came to this Co. in 1857; 
 owns property to the'value of $1,800; mar- 
 ried Miss Lydia Love, in tliis Co.; she 
 was born in this Co., Jan. 16, 1856. 
 
 AHOON EUGENE, rents fi^rm; Sec. 
 17;P.O. Roscoe, 
 
 C 
 
 COI.EMAX CHRISTOPHER C. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 28; P.O.Harlem; born in 
 Vermont, July 25, 1825 ; came to this Co. 
 in 1847; owns 200 acres land; married 
 Abigail Danlley, in this Co., town of Har- 
 lem, in April, 1865 ; she was born in Jef- 
 ferson Co., N. Y., Sept. 1, 1828. 
 Coleman D. C. farm; Sec. 28; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 COIvEIER AliEXAXDER, Farm- 
 er ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Roscoe ; born in N. Y., 
 March 8, 1849; came to this Co. in 1869; 
 owns property to the value of $2,000 ; mar- 
 ried Miss McMullen, in DeKalb Co., this 
 State ; she was born in DeKalb Co., this 
 State, in 1849. 
 
 Colville Robert, farm; Sec. 26; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 Cummings A. B. farm; Sec. 8; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Cummings F. B. farm; Sec. 8; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 D 
 
 ANLEY B. rents farm ; 
 Harlem. 
 
 Sec. 28; P.O. 
 
 DOOEITTEE RUSSEEL C. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Rockford; born in 
 N. Y., Dec. 23, 1835; owns 100 acres land; 
 enlisted in the 11th 111. Cav., in 1864; was 
 honorably discharged in 1865 ; has held 
 various township offices; married Miss 
 Ann Jane Arnold, in this Co., July 4, 
 1859; she was born in Canada, March 23, 
 1840. 
 
 DOOEITTEE P. S. Farmer; Sec. 19; 
 P. O. Rockford ; born in Erie Co., N. Y., 
 Aug. 6, 1811; came to this Co. in 1887; 
 owns 234 acres land; was one of the 
 judges in the first election held in this 
 township; has been Supervisor 2 yeais, 
 and has held various other township 
 offices; first wife was Angeline Knox; she 
 was born in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; present 
 wife was Paulina Reynolds ; she was born 
 in Canada. 
 
 Douglas C. W. farm; Sec. 20; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 WOUGEAS WM. Farmer; Sec. 20; 
 P. O. Harlem; born in Hancock Co., Me., 
 June 21, 1836; came to this Co. in 1868; 
 married Miss Sarah Wood, in Hancock 
 Co., Me. ; she was born in same Co. and 
 State. 
 
 Dyer H. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 E 
 
 ASTON DAVID, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. 
 Harlem. 
 
 Easton Walter, farmer; Sec.32; P.O.Harlem. 
 Edic Chas. rents farm ; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 E1>1VARI>!S JOHX. M. Farmer; 
 Sec. 28 ; P. O. Harlem ; born in Vermont, 
 Dec. 14, 1837 ; owns 45 acres land ; married 
 Miss Maggie Ryan, in this Co., June 8, 
 1870 ; she was born in N. Y., March 14, 
 1843 ; Mr. Edwards came to this Co. in 1847. 
 
HARLEM TOWNSHIP, 
 
 629 
 
 H 
 
 FABRICKALANSON, farmer; Sec. 30- 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Fabrick L. A. grain dealer ; Harlem Station. 
 
 FergusonjA. farmer; Sec. 31; P.O. Rockford 
 
 Ferguson H. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 FJEROUSON WM, Farmer; Sec. 25; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Campbelltowu, 
 Argyleshire, Scotland, May 15, 1813; 
 came to Ohio in 1836; moved from there 
 to this Co. in 1840; has been Supervisor 
 two terms, Collector one term, Assessor 
 eight terms; owns 400 acres land, well im- 
 proved and within five miles of Rockford ; 
 married Miss Ellen Pickens, in Cincin- 
 nati, Ohio, Oct. 31, 1839; she was born in 
 Scotland, Dec. 30, 1815. 
 
 GREENLEES JAMES, farmer; Sec. 15; 
 P. O. Argyle. 
 Greenlees P. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Argyle. 
 Griffin Edwin; farmer; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 OOODHU£ DAVID, Farmer; Sec. 
 18; P. O. Roscoe; born in N. H., April 11, 
 1813; came to this Co. in 1845; owns 121 
 acres land; married Miss Eunice T. Durell 
 in N. H. ; she was born in N. H. 
 
 ALL JOHN L. farmer; Sec. 20; P.O. 
 Harlem. 
 
 Hall Henry, farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Hall L. F. rents farm ; Sec. 21 ; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 Hardy Mike, laborer. 
 
 Harvey Daniel G. farmer: P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Harvey Wm. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Haskins Amos, farmer ; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 HAi^KIX CHAS. Farmer; Sec. 29; 
 P. O. Harlem ; born in Berkshire Co., 
 Mass., March 14, 1817 ; came to this Co. in 
 1841 ; owns 343 acres land ; has held various 
 township offices ; married Miss Mary W. 
 Atwood, in Jefterson Co., N. Y., Aug. 29, 
 1841; she was born in Berkshire Co., 
 Mass., Nov. 21, 1819. 
 
 Howie R. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Hurlburt R. S. farmer; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HrXCHIJfS «. C. Farmer; Sec. 9; 
 P.O. Roscoe; born in N. Y., March 2, 
 1833: came to this Co. in 1839; owns 124 
 acres laud; has been School Director 15 
 years; married Miss Mary Stein, in Iowa, 
 July 4, 1859; she was born in Canada, 
 March 16, 1842. 
 
 Hutchins Nat. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 JACKSON WILLIAM, farmer; P. O. 
 Argyle. 
 Jenks Edin, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Jenks W. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 Johnson D. farmer; Sec. 19; P.O. Roscoe. 
 
 JOHll^fSON JEREMIAH, Farmer; 
 Sec. 19; P. O. Harlem; born in N. J., 
 Dec. 6, 1804 ; came to this Co. in 1837 ; 
 owns 125 acres land ; married Miss Julia 
 
 Doolittle, in N. Y., Feb. 13, 1830; she was 
 
 born in N. Y., May 21, 1804. 
 Jones George, laborer. 
 Jones J. II. laborer. 
 
 KERR CHARLES, farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. 
 Roscoe 
 Kilburn S. S. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 L 
 
 ANDUS LEVEY, farmer; Sec. 32; P.O. 
 Harlem. 
 Landus R. farmer; Sec. 32; P. 0. Harlem. 
 
 1.0VEJ0Y ANDREW J. Sec 9; 
 
 P. O Roscoe; born in this Co., in town of 
 Harlem; owns 215 acres land; aLso has 
 Dry Goods and Notions wholesale house 
 in Jacksonville, Morgan Co., Hi.; married 
 Miss Eliza Wyman, in this Co., Aug. 27, 
 1867 ; she was born in this Co.,July 12, 1846. 
 
 MCDONALD ALEXANDER, farmer; 
 P. O. Argyle. 
 McDonald Andrew, farmer; P. O. Argyle. 
 McDonald D. farmer; Seel; P. O. Argyle. 
 McDonald James, farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 
 Argyle. 
 McDonald John, farm; S. 14; P. O. Argyle. 
 McEachran John, farmer; P. O. Argyle. 
 McFarland Walter, farmer ; P. O. Argyle. 
 McKay Alexander, farmer; P. O. Argyle. 
 McLarty Walter, farmer ; P. O. Argyle. 
 McNeilly R. blacksmith ; Harlem Station. 
 Mabie Eugene, farmer; P. O. Harlem. 
 Mabie Homer, farmer; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 MARIE PETER, Farmer; Sec. 17; 
 P. O. Roscoe; born in Delaware Co., 
 N. Y., on Feb. 17, 1814; came to this Co. 
 in 1843; owns 340 acres land; was Super- 
 visor 12 years, and has held various other 
 Tp. offices; first wife was Eliza Ann Chap- 
 pel; she was born in Conn.; thej^ were 
 married in Ohio; present wife was Mary 
 Sibley, of Berkshire Co., Mass. ; tliey were 
 married in Minneapolis, Minn. 
 
 Mabie R. farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Magoon C. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Magoon W. farmer; Sec. 36; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 MAGOOUT W. T. Farmer; Sec. 36; 
 P. O. Argyle; born in Lower Canada, 
 March 24, 1810; came to this Co. in 1838; 
 owns 160 acres land; married Emeline 
 Higby, in Canada; she was born in Lower 
 Canada, June 29, 1810. 
 
 Malott Theodore, farmer; Sec. 4. 
 
 Martin Morris M. school teacher. 
 
 Montgomery R. farm; Sec. 34; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 /^'SHEA DANIEL, farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. 
 
 Harlem. 
 
 RKER I 
 
 P. O. Harlem. 
 
 ■pARKER HUBERT, farmer; Sec. 28; 
 
630 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Parker J. S. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Harlem. 
 Perry David, renter; Sec. 31; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 PICKARD PAIiMER, Farmer; 
 Sec. 31; P. O. Harlem; born in N. Y., 
 Jan. 5,1820; came to this state in 1839; 
 located in this Co. in 1844 ; owns 252 acres 
 land; married Miss Lydia Atwood, in this 
 Co., Sept. 29, 1847 ; she was born in Can- 
 ada, March 23, 1830. 
 
 Picken Alexander, farmer; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Picken Hugh, farmer ; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Picken James, farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. Argyle. 
 
 Picken James, Jr., farm ; Sec.l4 ; P.O.Argyle. 
 
 RALSTON ALEXANDER, retired 
 farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Argyle. 
 Ralston Alex. C. farm; Sec. 15; P.O. Roscoe. 
 Ralston D. C. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 BAI.STOX JOHIIf, Farmer; Sec. 25; 
 P.O. Rockford ; born in Argyleshire, Scot- 
 land, Oct. 30, 1828; settled in Boone Co., 
 this state, in 1842; came to this Co. in 
 1851 ; owns 104 acres in this Co., and 60 
 acres in Boone Co. ; has held various Tp. 
 offices; married Miss Jane Ralston, in 
 Boone Co., this state; she w^as born in 
 Scotland. 
 
 Ralston J. C. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Ralston R. farmer; Sec. 22; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 Ralston R., Jr., farmer; Sec.22; P.O.Harlem. 
 
 Ralston P. farmer; Sec. 34; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 Ralston Peter, farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. Roscoe. 
 
 Ralston T. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Ralston Thos., Jr., farm ; Sec.l4; P.O.Argyle. 
 
 Ralston W. farmer; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Reid Alex, farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Reid Alex., Jr., farmer; Sec. 25; P.O.Argyle. 
 
 Reld Hugh, farmer; Sec. 25; P.O. Argyle. 
 
 KEID JAMES S. Farmer; Sec. 24; 
 P.O.Argyle; wa.s born in this Co., town 
 of Harlem, Nov. 12, 1840; owns 200 acres 
 land; has held various Tp. offices; mar- 
 ried Miss Mary Breckenridge, in this Co., 
 June 27, 1867; she was born in Argyle- 
 shire, Scotland, Nov. 13, 1846; died June 
 14, 1»76; James S. Reid's father (Hugh 
 Reid) was born in Scotland ; he came to 
 this Co. in 1837; wife was Mary Howie; 
 they were married in Scotland. 
 
 Rice V. B. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Rogers Wm. laborer. 
 
 Rumelhart A. farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 RUMEL.HART GREO;ORY, 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 34; P.O.Harlem; born in 
 Germany, March 12, 1825 ; came to this 
 Co. in 1852; owns 220 acres land; has 
 held various township offices; married 
 Miss Laura Ann Jewel, in Erie Co., Penn., 
 June 14, 1849 ; she was born in Ludlow 
 Co., Vt., Feb. 22. 1831. 
 Ryburn Jas. renter ; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Ryan John, laborer. 
 Ryan Daniel, laborer. 
 
 O AMMONS AMOS, retired. 
 
 Sammons John, retired. 
 
 SAU:SfDERS IRA, Farmer; Sec. 31; 
 P. O. Rockford; born in Erie Co., N. Y., 
 Nov. 2, 1843; came to this Co. in 1877; 
 OMms 148 acres land, within four miles of 
 Rockford, and it is well improved ; mar- 
 ried Miss Amelia Welch, in Erie Co., N. 
 Y„ Oct. 9, 1864; she was born in Erie 
 Co., N. Y., Nov. 8, 1846. 
 
 Sellers Dan'l, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Sellars D. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Smith Alex, farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Smith Cornelius, farmer; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Smith D. M. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Smith D. P. farmer; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Smith E. farmer; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 Smith Geo. G. farmer; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Smith H. renter; Sec. 7; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 SMITH JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 35; 
 P. O. Argyle ; born in Argyleshire, Scot- 
 land, July 22, 1826 ; came to this Co. in 
 1842; owns 340 acres land; has been 
 Supervisor three years, and has held 
 various other offices since he has been in 
 the Co.; married Miss Elizabeth Mont- 
 gomery, in this Co. ; she was born in 
 Argyleshire, Scotland, in Jan., 1826. 
 
 SMITH ROBT. Farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. 
 Argyle; born in Argyleshire, Scotland, 
 Aug 22, 1824; came to this Co. in 1842; 
 owns 200 acres land; has held various 
 offices; married Miss Greenliss, m this 
 Co.; she was born in Argyleshire, Scot- 
 land. 
 
 Swarthout Isaac, merchant ; Harlem Station. 
 
 TARMER JAMES, farmer; Sec.l3; P.O. 
 Argyle. 
 Taylor A. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. O. Harlem. 
 Taylor Jas. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 TAYIiOR tiYMAX, Farmer; Sec. 
 28; P. O. Harlem; born in Berkshire Co., 
 Mass., Oct. 21, 1821 ; came to this Co. in 
 1840; owns 217 acres land; is Justice of 
 the Peace, and has held various township 
 offices; married Miss Eliza Bowman in 
 this Co. ; she was born in Scotland. 
 
 Taylor O. farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Throne N. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Throne Wm. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Thompson L. D. farm ; Sec.20; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 Tofflemire Jas. farm; Sec.36; P.O. Rocktord. 
 
 Toffiemire J. farmer; Sec.36; P.O. Rockford. 
 
 Tran Roberth H. 
 
 Tripp John C. with D. A. Sturtevant & Co. ; 
 Roscoe. 
 
 I 
 
HAELEM TOWNSHIP, 
 
 631 
 
 Turner Wm. laborer. 
 
 Tuthill John N. carpenter ; Argyle. 
 
 Tuthill Wm. carpenter; Argyle. 
 
 w 
 
 ARNER FRED'K. W. farmer; Sec. 
 9 ; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 ^WARXER OI.IX S. Farmer; Sec. 
 4; P.O. Roscoe; born in this Co. Nov. 6, 
 1851; owns 125 acres land; his lather, 
 Walter Warner (now deceased), came to 
 this Co. in 18H6. 
 
 Waterson David, farmer; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Waterson Daniel, Sec. 16; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Waterson J. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Waterson T. J. farm; Sec. 16; P. O. Roscoe. 
 
 Watson J. D. farmer; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Argyle. 
 
 Wellington O. N. farm; S. 28; P.O. Harlem. 
 
 Wilder S. farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 Wilder Seth C. farm; Sec, 29; P.O. Harlem. 
 Wollon Michael, retired; P. O. Harlem. 
 
 W4JODWARD AliliEJIf, Farmer; 
 Sec. 36; P. O. Rockford ; born in Oneida 
 Co., N. y., April 12, 1833; came to this 
 Co. in 1856; owns 153 acres land; married 
 Miiry Perry, in Oneida Co., N. Y., March 
 19, 1855; slie was born in Oneida Co., N. 
 Y., Nov. 1, 1832. 
 
 Y 
 
 OUNG C. B. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O. 
 Roscoe. 
 
 YOUKG A. H. Farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. 
 Roscoe; born in Oneida Co., N. Y., June 
 20, 1828; came to this Co. in 1854; owns 
 100 acres land; married Miss Birdsall, in 
 Waterloo, Iowa, Jan. 29, 1865; she was 
 born in Herkimer Cc, N. Y., Nov. 9,1837; 
 have one child, Edith Lane, born in Har- 
 lem, this Co., June 22, 1868. 
 
632 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKEOTORYt 
 
 LAONA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 ADA.MS D. E. farmer; Sec. 29; P.O. 
 Laona. 
 Adams E. N. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. O. Laona. 
 Atlams Elisha, Sec. 36; P. O. Durand. 
 Adams R. E. lives with father ; Sec. 29 ; P. 
 
 O. Laona. 
 Adleman Frank, renter; Sec. 32; P.O. Laona. 
 Anderson And. son of H. H. Anderson; Sec. 
 
 30; P. O. Laona. 
 Anderson H. H. farmer; Sec.30; P.O. Laona. 
 Anderson Holver, farm; Sec.30; P.O. Laona. 
 Anderson Ole, son of H. H. Anderson; Sec. 
 
 30; P. O. Laona. 
 Anderson O. C. 
 Andrews J. P. Sec. 6; P. O. Durand. 
 
 BARKER G. C. renter; Sec. 30; P. O. 
 Laona. 
 Barker N. D. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Laona. 
 Bartell Belona, laborer; Sec.29; P.O. Laona. 
 Baker A. H. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Durand. 
 Baker A. W. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Durand. 
 Baker E. H. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Baker P.D. wheelwright; S.6; P.O. Durand. 
 Belden Simeon ; Sec. 2; P. O. Durand. 
 Belden T. T. P. O. Durand. 
 Bills Alson, Sec. 33; P. O. Laona. 
 Briggs T. H. Sec. 30; P. O. Laona. 
 Bristol Asher, P. O. Durand. 
 Bristol Ole, P. O. Durand. 
 Burgurson Holo,farm ; Sec. 26 ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 CARTER C. H. farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Du- 
 rand. 
 Chambers Henry, lives with daughter ; Sec. 
 
 34; P. O. Durand. 
 Christinson John,farm ; Sec.29; P.O. Laona. 
 Cleavland Alex, lives with father, E. F. 
 
 Cleavland ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Cleavland A.D. renter; Sec. 3; P.O. Durand. 
 Cleavland E.F.farmer; Sec. 2; P.O. Durand. 
 Cleavland L.V. farmer ; Sec.3 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Cleavland R.L. farmer; Sec.2; P.O. Durand. 
 Cram T. B. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Durand. 
 Cross F.P.school teacher; Sec.30; P.O.Laona. 
 
 AVIS OLIVER, laborer; Sec. 29; P.O. 
 Laona. 
 
 Day A. W. laborer; Sec. 35; P. O. Laona. 
 Dean Carlos, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Dean Solon, laborer; Sec. 35; P. O. Durand. 
 Dickenson E. D.farmer; Sec.33; P.O. Laona. 
 Dickinson F. laborer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Laona. 
 Dolan John, farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Durand. 
 Dolan P. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Durand. 
 
 D 
 
 Dunn Michael, Sec. 5 ; P. O. Laona. 
 
 ELIOT.GW. blacksmith and farmer; Sec. 
 31 ; P. O. Laona. 
 Eliot Robert, Renter; Sec. 31; P. O. Laona. 
 Eliot Seth, lab; Sec. 19; P. O. Laona. 
 
 FLINN JOHN, farmer; Sec. 36; P. O 
 Durand. 
 Fox Mich, son of Thos ; Sec.25 ; P.O. Durand 
 Fox Thomas, farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Durand 
 
 GARNER CHARLES, farmer; Sec.30 
 P. O. Durand. 
 Gehr W. L. works for H. Randall ; Sec. 33 ; 
 
 P. O. Laona. 
 Gilbertson Jacob, carp ; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Laona. 
 Gillman J.P.farrier and farmer ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 HARTI.EY ^JELDSETH, Far- 
 mer; P. O. Durand; owns 78 acres of 
 
 land valued at .$4,000 ; is a single man ; 
 
 born in Norway in 1857; came to this 
 
 country in 1872, and to this county in 
 
 1875; Lutheran; Republican. 
 Hanford Philo, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Hartman John, rents from father Thomas 
 
 Hartman; Sec. 31; P. O. Davis. 
 Hartman Thos. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Davis. 
 Hartman T. T. Sec. 20; P. O. Laona- 
 Hartmau Uriah, rents from father Thomas 
 
 Hartman; Sec. 31; P. O. Davis. 
 Hill Augustus, farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Durand . 
 Holton C. A. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Laona. 
 Holvorsen H. A. farmer ; Sec.32 ; P.O. Laona- 
 
 JENESON C. H. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. 
 Laona. 
 Jeneson H. S. farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Laona, 
 Johnson N. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 JOHJfSON PETER, Farmer; P.O. 
 Durand; owns 240 acres of land worth 
 $10,000, lying in Section 3; he was born 
 in Norway, June 18, 1818; came to the 
 U. S. in 1843, and to this county in 1844; 
 he was married in 1848 to Aslong Peter- 
 son ; she was born in Norway, Sept. 12, 
 1826 ; they have had seven children, four 
 of whom are now alive : John F., ai;ed 25, 
 Fremont P., aged 20, Henry A., aged 18, 
 Adelaide S., aged 15. Mr. Johnson has 
 been Commissioner of Highways twelve 
 years. Supervisor three years, and has 
 been President cf the Durand Farmers' 
 Mutual Fire Insurance Co. since its or- 
 ganization; Lutheran; Independent. 
 
 Jones John, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Judd Lyman, farmer ; Sec. 1; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Judd Norman, farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. Durand. 
 
LAONA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 633 
 
 K 
 
 Judd Oliver, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 ENDALL C. A., renter; Sec. 28; P. O. 
 Durand. 
 
 Kendall W.H. renter; Sec.28; P.O. Durand 
 Kendall W. N. renter; Sec.24; P.O. Durand. 
 Kinney Alson,fiirmer ; Sec.31; P.O. Durand. 
 Kinney Wm. farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Durand. 
 Koehn N.H. renter; Sec. 4; P. O. Durand. 
 Kyes David, laborer; Sec. 25; P.O. Durand. 
 
 ENNON MICHAEL, farmer; Sec. 24; 
 P. O Durand. 
 
 L 
 
 McDERMOTT JOHN, farmer; Sec. 34; 
 P.O. Durand. 
 McDonald Alex, farm ; P. O. Durand. 
 Mansfield Wm. farm ; Sec. 24 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Matoon John, farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Laona. 
 Mayer August, farmer; Sec.28; P. O. Laona. 
 Mayer Henry, farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Laona. 
 Mayer Henry J. lives with father; Sec. 21; 
 
 P. O. Laona. 
 Moore R. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Durand. 
 Murray C. F. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Laona. 
 Murray P. farm hand ; Sec. 26 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Murray M. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Durand. 
 
 NELSON ANDREW, farmer; Sec. 23; 
 P. O. Durand. 
 Norton Edward, rents from father, E. Norton ; 
 
 Sec. 33; P. O. Laona. 
 Norton E. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Laona. 
 Norton H. L. rents from father, E. Norton ; 
 
 Sec. 32; P. O. Durand. 
 Norton L. H. lives with father, E. Norton ; 
 Sec. 33; P. O. Laona. 
 
 PALLSON HOWELL, farmer; Sec. 6; 
 P. O. Davis. 
 PATTERSOIS' XII^ES, Farmer; Sec. 
 5; P. O. Durand; was born in this town, 
 Dec. 23, 1853; owns 270 acres, valued at 
 $10,800 ; is independent in politics ; a mem- 
 ber and a trustee of the Lutheran church; 
 is not married ; his father, Niles Patterson, 
 a native ot Norway, came to this country 
 in 1848 ; died May 25, 1873, in his 54tli 
 year; his mother, Mrs. Helga Patterson, 
 now 68 years old, lives with him. 
 ' Patterson P. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Durand. 
 PHIPPS AliLEK", farmer; Sec. 33; P. 
 O. Laona; was born in lona county, Mich., 
 m 1837; came to this county in 1844; 
 owns 50 acres, valued at $2,500 ; indepen- 
 dent in politics and religion; was married 
 Sept. 23, 1870, to Mrs. Eliza, widow of J. 
 C. Bates and daughter of Wm. Randall, of 
 this town ; she was born in 1836 ; he has 
 three step-children: Henry, Robert and 
 Mary Bates ; Mr. Phipps has crossed the 
 plains to the Pacific slope several times, 
 meeting with some exciting adventures 
 and narrow escapes for life. 
 
 Phipps Homer, lives with father, Wm. ; Sec. 
 
 4 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Phipps Samuel, renter ; Sec. 34 ; P.O.Durand. 
 
 PHIPPS WM. Farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. 
 Durand; born at Niagara Falls, where his 
 father was 4 years ferryman; in 1825, 
 moved to Oakland Co., Mich. ; lived there 
 6 years ; in lona Co., 1 1 years, came to this 
 State and Co. in 1844; married, July 3, 
 1853, Miss Emily, daughter of Price B. 
 Webster, ol Durand ; have seven children 
 living : Homer A., Marriette, Viola, Price, 
 Wm., Sarah E. and Emily V. ; is an exten- 
 sive hog breeder; owns 170 acres, valued 
 at $7,600; Independent in politics and re- 
 ligion; in 1860 "crossed the plains" to 
 California, taking his family, a number of 
 horses and horn cattle ; returned the next 
 year, coming by water to N. Y. ; made a 
 second trip across the plains with 42 
 horses ; was 6 mouths on the way ; sold 
 them out at profit and came back ; made a 
 trip to Idaho in 1864, taking a drove of 
 stock, which were all captured by the In- 
 dians before he reached his destination, 
 saving only his life, clothes and a small 
 sum of money; came back, and in 1876 
 again visited California, over tlie Pacific 
 Railroad ; owns a most beautiful Arab 
 stallion and yearling colt; the former, 4 
 years old, is said to be the handsomest 
 horse in the State ; has been three terms 
 Path Master and one term School Director. 
 
 Plunkett Wm. lives with niece ; Sec. 27 ; P. 
 O. Durand. 
 
 Powers Jas. farmer; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Putman Henry, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P.O. Laona. 
 
 ANDALL FREMONT, son of Wm.; 
 P. O. Laona. 
 
 Randall Wm. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Laona. 
 
 Randall Wm., Jr., farm ; Sec. 32 ; P.O.Laona. 
 
 Ripley Chas. lives with mother ; Sec. 4 ; P. 
 O. Laona. 
 
 Ripley E. D. farms for mother; Sec. 4; P. 
 O. Laona. 
 
 Robinson W. H. farm ; Sec. 36 ; P.O.Durand. 
 
 Rosenkruns C. A. blacksmith ; Sec. 33 ; P.O. 
 Laona. 
 
 Rowley M. E. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Laona. 
 
 KUSSEIi I>EXTJEB, Farmer and 
 Mason; P. O. Durand; born Aug. 22, 1841, 
 in Cattaraugus Co., N.Y. ; came to this Co. 
 in 1857 ; married in 1853 to Hannah Sweet; 
 she was born in Tomkins Co., N. Y.; died 
 in 186'J, leaving two children : Alice, aged 
 20, and Harriet, aged 18; Mr. Russel was 
 in the army 3 years ; Baptist preferred ; 
 Republican. 
 
 SACKET R. J. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Du- 
 rand. 
 Sammon J. rents farm; Sec. 23; P.O.Durand. 
 Selden E. A. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Durand. 
 Shorb H. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Durand. 
 
 R 
 
 34 
 
634 
 
 WINNEBAGO COtJNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 Smith A. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Durand. 
 Smith C. M. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Durand. 
 Smith Clerk, farmer; Sec. 34; P.O. Durand. 
 Smith F. P. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Durand. 
 Straw Jesse, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Durand. 
 
 TALLACKSON OLE, farmer; Sec. 35; 
 P. O. Durand. 
 Tyler J. W. farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 "\ yiSIGAR JOHN, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. 
 * Durand. 
 
 WALLAR B. F. farmer and school teach- 
 er; Sec. 21; P. O. Laona. 
 Wallar F. P. laborer; Sec. 1; P. O. Durand. 
 Wallar G. E. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Durand. 
 Wallar Geo., Jr., rents farm ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. 
 
 Durand. 
 Wallar R. P. renter; Sec. 3; P. O. Durand. 
 Wallar W. H. farmer; Sec. 22; P. O.Durand. 
 Wallar W. L. farmer; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Durand. 
 Warner J. S. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Durand. 
 Webster Carr, works father's farm Sec. 2; 
 
 P. O. Durand. 
 
 WEBSTER RIE:SfZI, Farmer; P. 
 O. Durand; owns 207 acres land, valued 
 at $8,000; born in 1837, in Wyoming Co., 
 N. y. ; came to this Co. in 1844; married 
 in 1867 to Henrietta Van Sickle ; she was 
 born in N. J., in 1841; have one child, 
 Phoebe P., aged five years ; Mr. Webster 
 has been Assessor, and is now Justice of 
 the Peace; Episcopalian preferred; Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Webster Solomon, farm ; S. 2 ; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Webster T. W. cattle dealer; Sec. 3; P. O. 
 Durand. 
 
 Welch Edmund, farm ; Sec. 25 ; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Welch J as. lives with father; Sec. 25; P. O 
 Durand. 
 
 Welch Pat. farmer; Sec. 22; P.O. Durand. 
 
 Wentworth H. laborer; S. 36; P. O. Durand. 
 
 Wever Carlos, renter; Sec. 6; P.O. Durand. 
 
 YOUNG DAVID, farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. 
 Laona. 
 Young Jacob, farmer; Sec. 35 ; P.O. Durand. 
 Young Orson, farmer; Sec. 35; P.O. Durand. 
 
 ZIMMERMAN GEO. farmer; Sec. 29; 
 P. O. Laona. 
 
WtNNEBAGO tOWNSHlt*. 
 
 635 
 
 WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 A 
 
 DES GEO. laborer; Winnebago. 
 
 Adams John, Methodist Pastor; Winnebago. 
 
 AliEXAXDER DAVID B. Dry 
 
 Goods, Boots and Shoes, etc.; Winnebago; 
 was born in Mifflin Co., Pa., July 27, 
 1838; at 21, he came West, stopping in 
 Fairfield, Iowa, 1 year, when he returned 
 to the oil regions iu Pa., where, like many 
 others, in 1860, he was immensely rich 
 and then very poor; his ups and downs 
 in this region would fill pages, so we 
 hastily pass them, and find him next in 
 the South, with E. C. Randolph & Co., 
 Land Agents; after working for this firm, 
 came to this Co., working iu Rockford, in 
 1868, after which he moved to this village, 
 where he is doing a good business; mar- 
 ried Eunice M. Ray, Nov., 1870; she was 
 born iu Licking Co., Ohio. 
 
 Al. WORTH RUBEX, Retired Farm- 
 er; Sec. 20; P. O. Winnebago; was born 
 in Sullivan, Oneida Co., N. Y., Oct. 14, 
 1814; at the age of 16, he left home, work- 
 ing by the month summers, and going to 
 school winters for 7 j^ears; about this time, 
 he married, and bought 60 acres land, con- 
 tinuing on the same until 1843, when he 
 started for the West, via Erie Canal, to 
 Buflalo, and Cleveland, Ohio, where he 
 remained until the following spring, when 
 he came to this Co., arriving May 25, 
 1844; after working out for 2 years, he 
 pre-empted 160 acres land, which he still 
 owns; has been Post Master, School 
 Director, and Justice of the Peace for 
 many years; is one of the most influential 
 men in the Co.; married Martha Bellows, 
 Sept. 14, 1873; she was born in Uniou- 
 ville, Georgia Co., Ohio, Dec. 28, 1824. 
 
 ANDERSON DAVID J. Farmer; 
 Sec. 81; P. O. Elida; owns 80 acres land; 
 learned tlie Blacksmith's trade, which he 
 followed many years; he came to this Co. 
 in 1850, bringing with him his widowed 
 mother and bier children ; he is the oldest 
 son of John Anderson, who died in June, 
 1850; Mr. Anderson did not have the 
 "lightning express" of our day to bring 
 him West, but came by water, via N. Y., 
 Albany, Buflalo, Detroit, and Chicago, 
 taking as many weeks as it would days 
 now; elegant buildings adorn his farm, a 
 home of happiness and comfort, where 
 love and contentment reign supreme; 
 married Elizabeth Forrester, who was 
 born in Upper Augusta, Northumberland 
 Co., Pa.; Nellie E., born Dec. 23, 1869, 
 and died Jan. 4, 1873; Gertrude, born 
 June 20, 1874, is the only child. 
 
 ANDERSOW HENRY M. Farmer 
 and Stock Dealer; P. O. Winnebago; 
 
 born iu Hunterdon Co., N. J., May 
 8, 1838; came to this Co. in 1850, 
 purchasing 141>^ acres land in Sec. 
 30 ; married Ancia A. Conger, March 30, 
 
 ; she was born in Wayne Co., N. Y., 
 
 Oct. 5, 1850; she is a niece of David Con- 
 ger, of LaSalle Co., and a cousin to Col. 
 Morril, of same Co. ; Mr. Anderson fol- 
 lowed sailing 1 year, after which he turned 
 his attention to farming, and buying 
 horses and stock, disposing of them botli 
 in Eastern and Western markets; was a 
 member of 17th I. V. C, commanded by 
 Col. Beveridge; received an honorable 
 discharge at Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas, in 
 1865; Guy; their oldest child, was born 
 July 16, 1871, died Dec. 25, 1873 ; Sarah 
 E., March 13, 1873, is the only child 
 living. 
 
 ARMSTROXG J AS. Farmer ; Sec. 7 ; 
 P.O.Winnebago; born in Huntingdon Co., 
 Pa., March 18, 1838; when twenty years 
 old he left home, coming to this Co., 
 where he commenced life by working on 
 a farm, at $14 per month, for four years; 
 on Aug. 15, 1862, he married Margaret 
 Meredith, who was born in Perry Co., Pa., 
 July 17, 1838; rented farms for six years; 
 after which he bought their present "home, 
 of 87 acres, which is wortli $80 per acre; 
 building substantial buildings and 
 making other improvements; Lulu, Rob- 
 ert, and Maud, are iheir children. 
 
 ALDWIN ISAAC, laborer; Winne- 
 bago. 
 
 BA]!^ft}!S CliAREXDOX, Farmer 
 and Seaman; Sec. 35; son-in-law of T. B. 
 Hoyt; P. O. Rockford ; born in Boston, 
 Dec. 20, 1853; married JMaiy Josephine 
 Hoyt, May 2, 1876; she was born in this 
 Co., May 2, 1856; tiieir only son, William 
 Hoyt, was born July 2!), 1877; Mr. Bangs 
 came to this Co. in 1870; he is a seaman 
 of no ordinary ability; commenced before 
 the mast, and was raised to the important 
 position of Master; at the request of his 
 father and the influence of his devoted 
 wife, he abandoned seafaring and look to 
 farming. 
 
 BARKER ADDISO\ S. Farmer 
 and Stock Raiser; Sec. 33; P. O. Elida; 
 born in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., Feb. 21, 
 1821 ; came to this Co. in 1865 ; Republi- 
 can ; Baptist; owns HO acres of land, 
 worth $70 per acre; married Eliza J. Kid- 
 der, in 1851; she died in 1865; had three 
 children, Henry H., Clarence H., Freddy 
 B. ; married Christiana Davis, born in 
 Canada, May 29, 1830 ; two children. Let- 
 tie M., Rosina E. ; Mrs. Barker's father, 
 Robert Davis, took an active part as one 
 of the Reformers in the Patriot War in 
 Canada. 
 
 B 
 
636 
 
 WINiSTEBAGO COtJNTir DIRECTOltt'J 
 
 Baker Henry, laborer; Winnebago. 
 
 BARRACK A^fDREW J. Farmer 
 and Carpenter; Sec. 32; P. O. Elida; 
 rents his fatlier-in-law's — John Swartz — 
 farm; born in Perry Co., Pa., Jan. 5, 1843; 
 came to this Co. in 1871 ; married Cathe- 
 rine Swartz, Dec. 2, 1871 ; she was born in 
 Perry Co., Pa., Feb. 28, 1859 ; Mr. Barraclc 
 enlisted in the 37th Penn. V. I., serving 9 
 months ; re-enlisted in the 208th Penn. V. 
 I. remaining until the close of the war; 
 was actively engaged in the battles at 
 Petersburg, Fort Stedman, Five Forks, 
 and Gettysburg ; after the war Mr. B. took 
 an extended trip throughout the West, 
 looking at the land in Michigan, Missouri, 
 Nebraska, and 111. ; the beautiful Prairie 
 State won him as one of her subjects. 
 
 BARTOX ROBINSOK W. Weaver; 
 Winnebago ; born in Tioga Co., N. Y., 
 Sept. 3, 1845; when only 16 years old he 
 enlisted in the I09th N. Y. V. I., at the 
 commencement of the war, serving until 
 its close; he was three times wounded, 
 and taken prisoner at Petersburg, July 30, 
 1864 ; incarcerated in the Danville prison 
 three months, when he was paroled and 
 returned to his regiment, completing his 
 time in the service of his country ; in 1872 
 he removed to Big Rapids, Mich., remain- 
 ing until 1874; when he removed to Win- 
 nebago ; has held the office of Town Col- 
 lector; married M. M. Hills, Dec. 25, 
 1871 ; she was born in Tioga Co., N. Y,. 
 Feb. 8, 1850. 
 
 BEATSOl!^ JOHJf IV. Farmer; Sec. 
 28; P. O. Elida; born in Scotland, April 
 20, 1839 ; came to this Co. in 1843 ; owns 
 120 acres land, valued at $70 per acre ; has 
 been Collector of Burritt Tp. ; married 
 Jennie E. Van Alstyne, Dec. 14, 1865 ; she 
 was born in Montgomery Co., N. Y., Oct. 
 16, 1846; have three children, Rosilla, 
 Daisy and Maud ; served three and one 
 half years in 74th I. V. I., commanded by 
 Col. Jason Marsh, and was honorably dis- 
 charged ; is a Republican and Presbyterian. 
 
 Beebe Geo. H. sewing machine agent ; Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 Beecher C.R.renter; Sec.l9; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 BEECHEB RA:NS0M, Farmer; 
 Sec. 24; P.O. Rockford; born in Wash- 
 ington Co., Vt., May 22, 1821 ; married 
 Sarah A. Drake, March 12, 1844 ; born in 
 Rutland Co., Vt., June 4, 1820; have two 
 children, Editha and Inez E. ; Mr. Beecher 
 came to Kendall Co. at an early day, tak- 
 ing up government land ; has hauled wheat 
 to Chicago ; lived there seven years ; sold 
 out and came to this Co. in 1854 ; he now 
 owns 202 acres of fine farming land. 
 
 BEKHAM AL. ANSON J. Farmer; 
 Sec. 4; P. O. Winnebago; born in Onon- 
 daga Co., N. Y., Oct. 2, 1814; he came to 
 this Co. with his lather, who settled there 
 from N. J. ; his mother died when he was 
 
 eight years of age, and he was obliged to 
 leave home for a time, after which his 
 father was again married, when he re- 
 turned home, moving with his parents to 
 Cayuga and Tompkins Counties ; at the 
 age of 21, he started out for himself, by i 
 working by the month ; while engaged in | 
 this occupation, he was married to Maria 
 
 0. Farrell, Jan. 8, 1837 ; she was born in 
 Onondaga Co., N. Y., April 12, 1816 ; he i 
 then moved to Canandaigua, Cayuga, On- I 
 ondaga and Tompkins Counties; at the * 
 latter place, he bought his first farm, of 20 
 acres ; sold out and went to Cayuga Co. ; 
 bought 101 acres of land; sold again, and | 
 moved to Scipio, and from there to Barry i 
 Co , Mich., residing there 14 years, when 
 
 he removed to this Co. in 1868, buying his 
 present home of 55 acres. , 
 
 BENHAM GEO. E. Farmer; Sec. 5; 1 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in Aurelius, Caj'- 
 uga Co., N. Y., Jan. 5, 1839 ; the history in 
 this book, of A. J. Benham, his father, , 
 will indicate where he lived until he ar- I 
 rived at the age of 24, at which time he f 
 married Elizabeth Dickerson, Nov. 14, 
 1863; she was born in New York city, 
 Nov. 29, 1840; with his young wife, he 
 moved to Rutland, Mich., where he pur- 
 chased 80 acres of land and improved it 
 from a wild state; sold out and rented for 
 two years, when he moved to this Co. in 
 Feb., 18—, buying 80 acres of land where 
 he now resides ; is one of our best men 
 and farmers in this Co. 
 
 BICKFORD ABBIi^ON W. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Rockford; born 
 in Orange Co., N. Y., Nov. 1, 1845 ; came 
 to this Co. in Feb., 1868; owns 150 acres 
 land; married Susie M. Dickey, Jan. 13, 
 1873 ; Florence May and Cora Alice are the 
 names of their children; Mrs. B. was born 
 in Orange Co., Vt., March 9, 1853; her 
 father was an old settler of that Co. ; Mr. 
 B. first came to Burritt in this Co., resid- 
 ing there five years, when he removed to 
 his present location. 
 
 Billsborough L. retired farmer; P. O. Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 Bird Frank, laborer ; Winnebago. 
 
 Bird Joseph, farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Elida. 
 
 Bird T. W. farm; Sec. 16; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 BIRKITT SMITH, Farmer; Sec. 9; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in Alvingham, 
 Lincolnshire, England, July 21, 1834; in 
 May, 1854, he came to Canada, where he 
 was engaged in shoemaking and other 
 business until April, 1857, when he came 
 to this Co. ; although but four years in 
 America, his principles of equity and jus- 
 tice were so inherent, and a patriotic 
 devotion to his adopted country, prompted 
 him to be among the first to ofler himself 
 in her service, enlisting in Co. G, 45th 
 
 1. V. I., Sept. 17, 1861; was engaged in the 
 battles of Donaldson, Shiloh, siege of 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 687 
 
 Corintli, Vicksburg and Jackson, Tenn.; 
 honorably discharged in Chicago, July 20, 
 1865 • married, Oct. 2, 1866, to Nettie Bird, 
 who was born in North East, Erie Co., Pa., 
 May 17, 1848 ; one son, John W. 
 BirtchJohn, farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Elida. 
 Bouton G. renter; Sec. 23; P. O. Winnebago. 
 BOUTON JOHJf ». Farmer and 
 Carpenter; Sec. 28; P. O. Winnebago; 
 born in Conn., Sept. 8, 1808 ; came to this 
 Co in 1865; married Betsy Wheeler in 
 1830 ■ she was born in N. Y., Sept. 8, 1810 ; 
 they have six children; their daughter 
 Emma is the only one residing with her 
 parents • Mr. Bouton lost a good farm on 
 account of its title, and has since pur- 
 chased 25 acres which he has improved, 
 and values it at $100 an acre. 
 Braddock J. S. Presb. minister; P. O. Elida. 
 Bridgeman H. A. renter; Sec. 36; P. O. 
 
 Rockford. 
 Briggs A. farm; Sec. 24; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Briggs B. W. farm ; Sec. 24 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Briggs C. R. farm; Sec. 8; P. O.Winnebago. 
 BKIOGS OI.EASO?f F. Retired 
 Farmer Sec. 28; P. O. Winnebago; born 
 in Erie Co., N. Y., in 1825; in 1838 he 
 came to this Co. with his parents, via 
 Dixon, Grand De Tour and Doysyille; 
 Mr Bri"-gs commenced the struggle ot 
 life alone, by working by the month at a 
 time when this Co. was thinly inhabited; 
 he followed this occupation three years, 
 and when the public lands came into mar- 
 ket in 1840 he bought 40 acres from his 
 earnin'^s; from this start he has gradually 
 o-rownln wealth, until he now owns 120 
 Icres of land, and 20 acres in tbis village; 
 married Rebecca A. Hunt March 20^866; 
 she was born in Hunterdon Co., N. J., 
 Oct. 17, 1835. 
 Broodrick J. farm; Sec. 8; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Brown Fred, farm; Sec. 16; P.O.Winnebago. 
 Brown Fred, farm laborer; P.O.Winnebago. 
 Bunn J. E. farmer ; Sec. 22; P.O.Winnebago. 
 Burdick Henry, laborer; Winnebago. 
 
 CAI^'IF^IFOBD WIIililAM. E. 
 Mamifacturer of Pumps and Wind 
 Mills ; Winnebago ; born m 0"ei y bt 
 Mary Devonshire, England, Feb. 7, 1836 
 moved with his parents, when four years 
 old to Ebrington, Gloucestershire, Eng., 
 Sut 1852 he'was apprenl^iced to learn the 
 carpenter and joiner s trade;, at the age o 
 21, his apprenticeship expiring, he went 
 to London, remaining there until 1857, 
 when he came to Ottawa Canada work. 
 ir,£ at his trade until the fall of 1858 
 wfen he came to Whitewatei-^ Wis^; m 
 Mav 1859, returned to London, taKing 
 paSage on' the City of_ ^^f^^'/l{^^Zlv^ 
 Rent 14 1862, he married Mary Ann Gara- 
 nefof kins's Lynn, Norfolkshire, Eng. ; 
 Sn in Oct 22, 1862, he came via Liver- 
 
 pool and Quebec to Chicago; in May 5, 
 1863 he came to Rockford, where they re- 
 mained until Feb. 1871, when they moved 
 to Winnebago; engaged in his pre^nt 
 business; has three children, Lizzie, Wil- 
 liam J. and Adah. 
 COLEiriAN AI.EXANDEB,Farin. 
 er; Sec. 31; P.O. Winnebago; born in 
 Ireland in 1825; came to this Co. ui 1864; 
 owns 100 acres of land, valued at |7,000; 
 married Catherine Anderson, Sept. 9, 18 <j ; 
 she was born in N. J. in April, 1824; 
 Amanda Anderson is Mrs. Coleman's only 
 daughter, who was born March 22, 1800 ; 
 John Coleman, son of Mr. Coleman, was 
 born July 16, 1859; Mrs. Coleman can 
 date her residence in this Co. 26 years ago. 
 Comstock Frank, laborer; Winnebago. 
 Comstock Thos. shoemaker; Winnebago. 
 COOMI>GE EBEEDOM, Farmer ; 
 Sec. 6; P. O. Winnebago ; born m Cxford, 
 now Androscoggin Co., Me.. May 13,1830 
 residing there with his parents until the 
 year 1845, whenhe emigrated to this Co 
 where he married, March 13, 1862 Au- 
 crusta J. Woods, who was born inMidston, 
 Vt Feb 21, 1838; Mrs. C, before marriage, 
 was identified in the educational interests 
 of the country, having taught school eight 
 vears and four years in this Co.; mr. 
 Lolidge commenced in this Co. by work- 
 ing bythe month, and now owns a farna 
 o°"220 acres, on which he has made all the 
 ?mprovemeAts; Aaron Coolidge, aged 84 
 and his mother, aged 81, have resided w^h 
 him the past 18 years; Clarence Edwin 
 Lelia,are his children; has been School 
 Director of his district for several yeais^ 
 
 r^rtl'P'l-ATVD PHlIiANDER, M. 
 
 *^DPh;tcianard Surgeon; Winnebago; 
 
 bJr'n in Plymouth Co.,. Mass M^rch 6 
 
 1817; came to this Co. in 18-^; mained 
 
 Louisa Watk ms. Sept 6, 1836 she was 
 
 born in Dutchess Co., N. i ., May lo, loio , 
 
 mTc and his father could not agree rela^ 
 
 tivetohis future pursuit in ^iff' ^onse^ 
 
 c uentlv he left home at the age o 17, ^'»th 
 
 3n suit of clothes and f^^^'f^l^'^^^ 
 
 mination to educate himself for the prac- 
 
 r of m'edicine; he pas-d throu|Ji many 
 
 dark hours but subse(iuently gracluateaai 
 
 he Sta?e University of Michigan; he is 
 
 he oldest Homc.oJathicPhy-cuan^ 
 
 n vears and residence in the Co. ; has looe 
 
 ovJr ?he prairie th-^t/lns n"t'see"a 
 
 day, never being id e, -^ f ^^^ibuted 
 
 Jiticr^ionrf"?! the churches in the 
 
 ^^^^^^ne^-_^ 
 
638 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 ticed to a harness maker, at Monroe, Wis. ; 
 the burning of tlie establishment throw- 
 ing him out of employment, he returned 
 to Freeport, where he completed his trade, 
 remaining there 4 years; after a year's 
 work at Polo, he began business at Rock 
 Grove, remaining there until March or 
 April, 1863 ; enlisted in Co. B, 46th I. V. I., 
 doing good service until the close of the 
 war ; returned to Rock Grove, and began 
 business again, which he continued 2 
 years, then 3 years selling dry goods with 
 Mr. Cramer, and came to this Co. in 1872 ; 
 married Edith R. Seebold, Oct. 7, 1869; 
 she was born in Union Co., Pa., Sept. 14, 
 1845. 
 
 CORL. JAMES O. Member of the 
 firm of Corl & Marston; Winnebago; 
 born in Centre Furnice, Centre Co., Pa., 
 June 21, 1856; came to this Co., April 7, 
 1869 ; married Miss Fannie Brown, May 
 8, 1877 ; she was born in St. Clair, Schuyl- 
 kill Co., Pa., May 5, 1858; Mr. C. moved 
 with his parents to Oakhall and Bowls- 
 burg, and from the latter place to this Co. ; 
 Messrs. Corl and Marston are the only 
 Manufacturers of and Dealers in Harness, 
 Saddles and Collars in Winnebago ; they 
 are honest, prompt business men, whom 
 the people respect and patronize. 
 
 CORL, JOSEPH, Blacksmith; Win- 
 nebago ; one of the firm of J. & N. Corl ; 
 was born in Union Co., Pa., March 2, 
 1835 ; his father died when he was 12 
 years old, when he went to Centre Co., 
 Pa., working on a farm 1 year; returned 
 to his native Co., learning his present 
 trade with his brother; worked on a farm 
 and then rented farm until 1857, when he 
 started for the West, arriving in Freeport 
 the same year ; came to this Co. in 1858, 
 where he has been a very successful man ; 
 married Harriet Porter, Oct., 1860; she 
 was born in Huntington Co., Pa.; they 
 have three children. 
 
 CORL, ]!lirATHA3f, Carriage Manu- 
 facturer; Winnebago; a member of the 
 firm of J. & N. Corl ; born in Union Co., 
 Pa., Feb. 8, 1823; at the age of 22, he 
 commenced business on his own account 
 by starting a wood shop adjoining his 
 father's blacksmith shop, continuing in 
 this place and at this trade until the death 
 of his father, when he lived on the home 
 farm until it was sold, when he moved to 
 this Co., in 1869, where he has been en- 
 gaged in his present business; married 
 Caroline Swarm, Nov. 16, 1847 ; she was 
 born in Union Co., Pa., Aug. 31, 1838; 
 they have three children. 
 
 COWLES HORACE P. Retired 
 Grain Dealer ; Winnebago ; born in She- 
 nango Co., N. Y., Jan. 15. 1826; at an 
 early period of his existence, he went with 
 his parents to Geauga Co., Ohio, residing 
 there about 18 years, after which he moved 
 with his brother to Ingham Co., Mich., 
 
 the Capital being located at Lansing the 
 year following his coming to this Co. ; he 
 assisted in the survey of the grounds, and 
 in building the capitol buildings ; at the 
 age of 23, he again returned to Geauga 
 Co., Ohio, and married Sabrina L. Smith, 
 July 10, 1849; she was born in Geauga 
 Co., Ohio, Jan. 13, 1831 ; he went to Bel- 
 videre, residing one year, when he came 
 to this Co., arriving in 1854; has been 
 Supervisor 8 years. Justice of the Peace, 
 Town Clerk and Town Treasurer. 
 
 Craig Robt. farmer; Sec. 33: P. O. Elida. 
 
 Cralahan Michael, trackman ; Winnebago. 
 
 Cross A. Methodist pastor ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 CROSS PHILIP, Grocer and Attor- 
 ney at Law; P. O. Winnebago; born in 
 Onondaga Co., N. Y.. July 15,1881 ; when 
 two years old, moved to Oakland Co., 
 Mich. ; resided there 12 years ; in 1843 he 
 went to Genesee Co., Mich., where he lived 
 4 years, when he sought a home in La 
 Peer Co., Mich. ; in 1852 he came to this 
 Co., where he has been engaged in his 
 professional work and in mercantile busi- 
 ness ; married Martha E. Pulman ; she was 
 born in Onondaga Co., N. Y., Dec. 18, 
 1841 ; Alice M., Francis J., Albert P., Jen- 
 nie M. and Jessie R. are their children. 
 
 D 
 
 ALES WM. boot and shoe store ; Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 DAXIELS OEHlfIS O. Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 23; P.O. Rockford; 
 born in Ireland, Jan. 18, 1820 ; owns 80 
 acres land, valued at $5,600; came to this 
 countrjMn 1826, and to this Co. in 1844; 
 married for first wife Tirzah Powell, and 
 for second, Sarah Sharp ; she was born in 
 England, Jan 28, 1834; Freddy N., Grace 
 and Duane are three pretty children ; Mr. 
 D. commenced a poor man, and now has 
 a good home. 
 
 Darling W. L. farm lab; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Darling Jos. laborer; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Decota John, painter; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Delaney J. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 Delaney W. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 DICKEY ALONZO, Farmer; Sec. 
 23; P. O. Rockford; born in Unity, N. H., 
 Aug. 11, 1818; commenced life by trans- 
 porting goods with team from Corinth, 
 Vt., to Boston ; being a careful and pru- 
 dent man, he gathered together money 
 sutficient to purchase a farm ; sold out in 
 Feb., 1869, and came to this Co. ; married 
 Mary A. Green, Jan. 1, 1846, who was 
 born in Corinth, Vt., April 15, 1819; Win- 
 throp G., their second son, was a commer- 
 cial traveler, and died in Ohio while there 
 on business ; owns 140 acres land. 
 
 Dickey G. B. resides with father. 
 
 Donaldson Alonzo, laborer ; P. O. Elida. 
 
 Poi^e Geo. R. laborer ; P. 0, Winnebago. 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 639 
 
 Doyle Thos. laborer ; Winnebago. 
 Drummond John, laborer ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 Drummond S. laborer; P. O. Winnebago 
 
 EDWARDS HUGH R. Farmer; 
 Sec. 80; P. O. Winnebago; Republi- 
 can; owns 120 acres land; married Julia 
 C Mvrick, in March, 1864; born in Jetter- 
 son Co., N.Y., Feb. 7, 1836; she is be- 
 loved by her family and friends for her 
 intellectual and moral worth; two chil- 
 dren living : Edwin H., born March 12, 
 1867; Inez E., Sept. 29, 1868; Geo^'ge E., 
 born Sept. 17, 1871, died Sept. 27, 1873; 
 too much cannot be said of Mr. Edwards' 
 army history, as he was a member of the 
 2d 111 Cav. ; that regiment being engaged 
 in all the battles of the Tennessee, among 
 which are Fort Henry and the famous 
 battle of Hawley Springs, where Mr. E. 
 with others of his regiment were sur- 
 rounded and cut their way out; it would 
 take pages to tell all the lifoi^ .^^ts of the 
 2d Cav under Grant and Ord; Mr. E. 
 served four years and six months. 
 EI.LIS JAMES, Principal High 
 *^fehool Winnebago; born in Lmcolnshi^^^^ 
 Eng on the 9th of May, 1844; his fathei 
 wal a retail merchant and fancy baker; at 
 the ao-e of 7 James was sent to the Wes- 
 leyan" Monotorial School, at Winterton 
 where he remained two years; in 185o his 
 father emigrated with his family to 
 America, an?l landed in New York after a 
 voyage of nearly seven weeks; P"^l""g 
 West as far as railroads were opened, they 
 arrived in Rockford in June of the same 
 year; after remaining in Jof f^f^^-^ 
 years his father purchased a farm in 
 g,one Co., 111., to which he and h s fam 
 i\v removed ; James worked on this faim 
 and out by the month during the summer 
 seasons and attended district school dur- 
 ing the winters, until 1862, when, at the 
 aol of 18 he enlisted into the army, and 
 sirved during the war of the rebellion, in 
 the 95th I VI.; after his discharge from 
 hfa'rmyhe reiurned ^ome and -rked 
 hw father's farm two years; he then aeiei- 
 m W to oVtain a more liberal education 
 .1 in December 1867, entered the 
 Aharon No?Snd Scientific In^titiUe at 
 
 ofThtttLe teaching to oWain^ecessa y 
 
 funds, and keepin- uP.^i/l^ ^^ Prindpah 
 1870 he was appointed to the I'rincipai 
 shiD of the Pub ic School at Capron, HL, 
 
 h?same year he married Miss Susan L. 
 Bowman of Len.yB..on^C-, in- -^f - 
 
 Sed'h^fpsitiSSenteiJthelljinois 
 
 Stote Normal University, at Normal 111. 
 
 a a student, where he gracl'.ated m 187o 
 
 which he was reappointed to his old posi- 
 tion at Winnebago, where he still remains ; 
 his wife, Susan L. B. Ellis, is the daugliter 
 of Benjamin Bowman, one of the first set- 
 tlers in Boone Co., 111.; she was born in 
 Leroy, Boone Co., 111., June 3, 1851 ; Mr. 
 and Mrs. Ellis have two children, girls, 
 one 4 and the other 2 years of age. 
 El^IilS WII.I.IAM, Farmer; Sec. 15; 
 P O Winnebago; born in Attlebury, 
 Mass., June 22, 1808; came to this Co. in 
 1852 ■ married Justina Abbott, Marcli 3U, 
 1845; she was born in Middlebury Co., 
 April 27 1828; Mr. Ellis, at 16, left home 
 and learned the jewelry business after 
 which he took up the machinist trade; 
 was next engaged in business, with his 
 brothers, in the buckle and button trade 
 which he left and came to this Co and. 
 bought 80 acres land; the names of their 
 children are as follows: Frances E Ade- 
 laide J., Elder T., Harriet A., Frank H., 
 Fred. W., and George Burdett. 
 
 Edston E. H. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Elston W. A., P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 FALCONER ALEXANDER, renter; Sec. 
 14; P. O. Winnebago. 
 EAI.C01SER JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 
 *^rP-0 Winnebago; born in Scotland, 
 Tnne29 1838; came to this Co. in 184«, 
 RepublVan ; owns 70 acres land, valued at 
 $5 000 ma ried Esther Elliott, Dec. 19, 
 1867rsl^e was born in Winnebago Co 
 Dec 1 1847; John, Chariey, Robert, Will- 
 lami Freddie, Esther, Ellen, are the names 
 of their children. 
 EAI^COI^ER ROBERT, Farmer; 
 ^^15 P O. Winnebago; born in Scot- 
 bind fcb. 1, 1832; came to this Co. with 
 Ws fVifher in 1848; when t>-y first came to 
 this Co his father worked bind on shares 
 nrtie town of Rockford, until the year 
 855 when he bought the 80 acres of land 
 Robert now owns; Feb. 1, IS.b, Kootri 
 man led Anna Ross, who was born in 
 Sland, July 27 1853; they l.iveo^^^^ 
 
 bright little boy, Robert Hugh '^IJ^;^ 
 roner's father died Jan. 8, 1867 ana au^. 
 Sconer, a good old pioneer lady, lives 
 
 with her son. . , -c ^ 
 
 FArrKI^ER JOHN, Ret^rec^Farm- 
 
 er- Winnebago; born in Enghind Dec 1 1 
 isio married Mary Read, Oct. 14, 1831, 
 
 lu, ioi-*, J ^^ this 00., 
 
 until 1848 when ii} j- .^.j^erc 
 
 of eleven children. 
 Faulkner John, Jr., laborer; Winnebago. 
 Faulkner Sam'l. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Sw.farmer; Sec. 4; P. O.Winnebago. 
 
 FolsomC.H,masoo;P.O.Wmaebago, 
 
640 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIREOTOET: 
 
 Francis J. renter ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 FREAR ABRAII, Deputy Sheriff; 
 Winnebago; born in Oswego, Tioga Co., 
 N. Y., Jan. 9, 1835; at tlie age of 32 he 
 left his native state, coming to Winnebago, 
 in 1858 ; the same year he went to Pike's 
 Peak, returning the same fall ; Feb. 28, 
 1861, he was married to Elida E. Schoou- 
 maker ; she was born in Esperauce, Scho- 
 harie Co., JSr. Y., June 1, 1842; during the 
 19 years Mr. Frear has lived in this Co. 
 he has taken an active part in her interests, 
 both social and political, having been an 
 honored and efficient officer nine years. 
 
 GARDNER REV. THEO. A. Congrega- 
 tional Pastor; Winnebago. 
 
 ^ARBITER RICHARD, Farmer; 
 Sec. 15; P.O. Winnebago; born in Eng- 
 land, Nov. 29, 1822, crossing the Atlantic 
 in 1831, with his parents; came to this Co. 
 in 1849 ; remained 3 years ; removing to 
 LaFayette I Co., Wis., he remained 14 
 years ; then returned to his present farm of 
 159 acres; married Abigail C. Swezey, in 
 1846 ; she was born in Nonvay, Herkimer 
 Co., N. Y., Aug. 23, 1825 ; Mr. G. owns 
 one of the finest farms in this Tp. 
 
 Gartock John, laborer ; Elida. 
 
 Gearhart W. R. physician and Post Master; 
 Winnebago. 
 
 Gillett Thomas, laborer; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 GODBARD J. M. Farmer and School 
 Teacher ; Sec. 17 ; P. O. Winnebago ; born 
 in Franklin Co., Vt., July 7, 1823 ; came 
 to Freeport, 111., July 7, 1841, and removed 
 to this Co. in 1855 ; owns 80 acres of land, 
 about a quarter of a mile southwest from 
 Winnebago; he is a pioneer School 
 Teacher, and labors to promote the cause 
 of learning; has been Principal of the 
 High School in Winnebago and other 
 schools in the Co. for 9 years, and has 
 been teaching 38 years ; is a Republican 
 and Presbyterian; held the offices of 
 School Director and Superintendent of 
 Sabbath School ; married Mary Blodgett, 
 Sept. 10, 1862; they have two sons and 
 one daughter, Charles Edwin, Henry 
 Newel, and Mary Alice. 
 
 Goodrich N. W. clerk ; Winnebago. 
 
 GORHAM ORAUfGE R. Farmer; 
 Sec. 17 ; P. O. Winnebago ; born in Pitts- 
 ford, Vt., July 13, 1837 ; came to this Co. 
 in 1846 ; he is a cousin to the great in- 
 ventor, M. L. Gorham; Orange com- 
 menced by working land on shares in 
 this Co.; he has owned several farms, 
 which he has conducted successfully ; he 
 is now the Business Manager of the estate 
 of M. L. Gorham ; being" one of the old 
 settlers of this Co. and an honorable man, 
 he is highly spoken of by his neighbors ; 
 married Mary McDowell, March 11, 1863; 
 she was born in Chillicothe, Ohio, Sept. 
 19. 1839. 
 
 €JRlPPE:»f DEMITS W. Retired 
 Farmer; Winnebago; was born in Wood- 
 stock, Madison Co., N. Y., April 13, 1806; 
 and is one of the solid men of this Co.; 
 at the age of 21, he left home, his father 
 then residing in Oneida Co. ; residing on 
 one piece of laud for 16 years, when, like 
 other energetic men, he came to this Co., 
 ma Erie Canal and the lakes, landing in 
 Sheboygan, Wis., and over land tolhis 
 place, arriving here in 1845; enlisted as 
 First Lieutenant in 45th Regt. I. V. I., in 
 1861; again enlisted as First Lieutenant 
 in 146th Regt. I. V. I., serving out his 
 time ; married for first wife Lydia Miller, 
 born in Oneida Co., 1803; married second 
 time Margaret Wallace, born Nov. 18, 
 1838, in Franklin Co., Ind. 
 
 GRIPPEX SPEXCER €. Drug- 
 gist; Winnebago; born in Oneida Co., N. 
 Y., March 24, 1844; came to this Co. with 
 his parents in Sept., 1845; at 22 he com- 
 menced life as a farmer, owning at one 
 time a portion of the home farm ; this he 
 sold, and in the winter of 1871-2, clerked 
 for a Mr. Shumway, who was keeping a 
 drug store in this village ; this store he 
 bought. May 30, 1872 ; he has a beautiful 
 store, 20x55, which is kept stocked with 
 a full line of Drugs, Druggists' Sundries, 
 Wall Paper, Paints and Oils; the firm is 
 now Grippen & Mellen ; Mr. G. married 
 Margaret Hunter, in 1865 ; she was born 
 in Shelby Co., Oct. 16, 1844. 
 
 ALL ALFRED, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. 
 Elida. 
 
 Hallowell Joel, Sec. 26 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HARRIIS AMOS C. Farmer; Sec. 
 10; P.O. Winnebago; born in Albany Co., 
 N. Y., Feb. 1, 1824; his father having fif- 
 teen children, was of necessity a very poor 
 man, but the average wealth of his chil- 
 dren is estimated at $15,000; Amos mar- 
 ried Mary J. Kellogg, in 1858 ; she was 
 born in N. Y., Oct. 12, 1833; her moth- 
 er, now 65 years old, resides with her 
 daughter; Mr. H. came to this Co. in 
 1855, and worked in a machine shop 
 in Rockford, and by this means col- 
 lected together a little money to make 
 a payment on a farm; started in life 
 poor, and is a self-made man; has one 
 child, Stewart, who is a bright boy. 
 
 Harris John, painter; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Hart Pat. farm ; Sec. 10 ; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 HATTOX THOS. Carpenter; Winne- 
 bago; born in England, Sept. 16, 1811; 
 came to this country when quite young, 
 and resided in N. Y. until 1838, when he 
 came to Chicago, residing there about 
 three or four years ; in 1841 he came to 
 this Co., where he has been following liis 
 trade; married Angeline Williams, Aug. 
 13, 1842; she was born in Catauraugus 
 Co., N. Y., Jan. 28, 1828. 
 
 Hatton Thos., Jr. laborer ; Winnebago. 
 
 H 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 641 
 
 Heart C. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Heart John, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 Hennesey J. farm ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 HOB^ON EOWARD B. Farmer; 
 Sec. 20; P. O. Winnebago: born in Can- 
 ada, April 11, 1837; Democrat; owns 120 
 acres land, valued at $10,000; came to 
 this Co. in 1843 ; married Cornelia Ann 
 Schoonmaker, April 28, 1857; she was 
 born Nov. 26, 1837; Martha J., Mary 
 Alice, Jacentha M., Gitty M., Henry, 
 Thomas, Lillie, Harry, Lizzie L. and 
 Charles E. are the names of their chil- 
 dren; Mr. Hobson came from Chicago 
 with a team, and is one of the old settlers 
 of this Co. ; he has always walked on the 
 platform of never going into debt unless 
 he knows he can pay, which has brought 
 him a competence which few are able to 
 enjoy. 
 
 HOIiCO^IB OlilVER T. Grain 
 Dealer; Winnebago; born in Hartford, 
 Conn., Dec. 31, 1818; when fourteen years 
 old he moved with his parents to Geauga 
 ('o., Ohio, and were pioneer settlers in 
 that Co. ; here he lived, helping his father 
 clear a new timbered farm (marrying in 
 the meantime Jerusha E. Cowles, Sept. 6, 
 1840 ; she was born in Shenango Co., N. 
 y., Feb. 14, 1815), until 1851, when he 
 came to this Co., settling in Burritt, buy- 
 ing a farm of 160 acres; he commenced 
 here with nothing, mortgaging his first 
 crop to secure a payment; has been en- 
 gaged in the grain trade on the Mississippi 
 and in this village several years. 
 
 HOl.I-EM'BECK E. Farmer; Sees. 7 
 and 8; P. O.Winnebago; born in Middle- 
 burg, Schoharie Co., N. Y., March 7, 1844 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1857; Republican; 
 Congregationalist; owns 88 acres land, 
 worth $6,000 ; married Mary A. Keep, in 
 1871 ; two children, Wallace K. and Her- 
 bert D. ; during the twenty j^ears Mr. Hol- 
 lenbeck has been in this Co. he won for 
 himself an enviable reputation ; he holds 
 an office in his church, which indicates 
 his honesty in Christianity; Rev. John 
 Keep, Mrs. H.'s father, is buried in this 
 Co., and Mrs. Keep resides with her 
 daiighter. 
 
 Hollenbeck G. farm ; S. 24 ; P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HOIiliEXBECJi HEXRY, Farmer 
 and Stock Raiser; Sec. 22; P. O. Winne- 
 bago; born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., Mar. 
 26, 1814; came to this Co. in 1857; owns 
 120 acres land, valued at $8,000; married 
 Eve Zimmer, in March, 1836; she was 
 born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., Oct. 13, 
 1818; they have a family of eight chil- 
 dren, one daughter residing in Cedar 
 Rapids, Iowa. 
 
 HOIiI.EI^BE€K JACOB, JR., 
 Farmer; Sec. 23; P.O.Winnebago; born 
 in Middleburg, Schoharie Co., N. Y., Oct. 
 39, 1831 ; his father gave him a farm m 
 
 tlie above Co., where he resided fourteen 
 years; came to this Co. in 1854; has been 
 School Director; married Mary Warner, 
 Sept. 10, 1840; she was born in Schoharie 
 Co., Sept. 8, 1821 ; the names of their ciiil- 
 dren are as follows: George, Catherine, 
 William H. (drowned while at school in 
 Beloit, Wis.), Jacob, Wells, Peter, Frank, 
 Anna E., Fred. J., Wyley S.. and Jacob A. 
 
 HOIvL.E:K^BE€K peter. Farmer; 
 P. O. Winnebago; resides on his father's 
 (Jacob Hollenbeck) land; he was born 
 March 13, 1851, in Schoharie Co., N. Y.; 
 came to this Co. with his father in 1854; 
 Republican; married Elmira Staflbrd, 
 Dec. 15, 1871 ; she was born in Statesburg, 
 Clinton Co., N. J., Jan. 24, 1847; Mr. H. 
 was three years in the regular army, serv- 
 ing in the 2 1st, 17lh and 10th, commanded 
 by McCook ; Burton, their only child, was 
 born in August, 1872. 
 
 Holt E. H. P. O.Winnebago. 
 
 Holt G. W. farmer; P. 0. Winnebago. 
 
 HOIiT WJLI.IAM, (Deceased;) born 
 Cherry Valley, Otsego Co., N. Y., July 12, 
 1795, and died May 14, 1876; at the age of 
 21, he married Louisa Vibbard ; she was 
 born in Otsego Co., N. Y. ; when Mr. Holt 
 was 14 years old, his parents moved to 
 Buffalo, buying a farm where a portion of 
 that city now stands; here he lived for 27 
 years; early in the spring of 1837, this 
 pioneer started for 111., at the season of the 
 year when navigation was not fully 
 opened, and walked the greater part of 
 the way to Chicago; paying his passage 
 to Dixon on the line of stages then run- 
 ning, he journeyed with them about two 
 days, when the delays occasioned by their 
 sticking in the raud disgusted him; he left 
 them, coming on foot, via Doysville, to 
 Westfield, in this Co., where his brother, 
 David A. Holt, the oldest settler in this 
 Tp., then lived ; Gerucia anil Abby S. are 
 his daughters; Elijah H. and Grosvenor 
 Williams are his respected sons, and reside 
 in Winnebago. 
 
 H«lIGHTOX BETHIJEL, Farm- 
 er; Sec. 1; P. O. Rockford; born July 12, 
 1808, in Boston, Vt. ; at a very early age 
 he moved to N. H. witli his lather, Jona- 
 than Houghton, where he lived until ten 
 years old,' when he went to live with his 
 grandfather, where he remained until 21 
 years old ; in about five years he moved to 
 Vt., living there three years, when he 
 came to tliis Co. in 1836 ; was engaged in 
 the bakery business till 1845, when he 
 bought his present home of 194 acres of 
 land; married J. C. Morgan, Jan. 28, 1844; 
 she was born in Ireland, Aug. 1, 1834, 
 and died Oct. 22, 1869. 
 
 Houditon Chester, resides with his father; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 HOYT TIMOTHY B. Sec. 33; P.O. 
 Elida; came to this Co. in 1836, settlmg 
 
642 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIREOTOKY: 
 
 in another part of the Co. from where he 
 now resides ; he is a Republican and Con- 
 gregationalist : born in St. Albans, Vt., 
 Dec. 26, 1819; he started from Vt. at the 
 age of 15, driving a team all the way to 
 this Co. for a Mr. Campbell, who died in 
 Ogle Co. recentlj^ ; the hardships to be en- 
 dured on such a trip for a boy of fifteen 
 can better be imagined than described ; in 
 1849 he married Abigail Blake, who was 
 born in Georgia, Vt., April 10, 1829; they 
 have six children, Jerome O., Casper W., 
 Mary J., Estella G., Hattie J. and Herman 
 J. ; Mr. Hoyt has been severely afflicted 
 with rheumatism and suffers untold mis- 
 eries, but for all that his love of fun is pre- 
 vailing; lias a home of 145 acres land. 
 
 Hudson Arthur, resides with father, W. 
 Hudson; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Hudson Horace, laborer ; P. O. Winnebngo. 
 
 Hudson R. resides with father, W. Hudson. 
 
 HlJI>!SO]!«' WM. Farmer; Sec. 18; P.O. 
 Winnebago; Democrat; Methodist; born 
 in England, Feb. 11, 1811; came to this 
 Co. in 1844; married for his first wife 
 Martha Valentine, in 1831 ; she died on 
 their way to this country ; married Eliza- 
 beth Bryant in 1862, who was born in 
 1836; Emeline S., their only daughter, is 
 a very interesting appearing girl of 16 ; 
 Mr. H. owns a beautiful farm of 80 acres, 
 valued at $7,000. 
 
 HITXTER DAVID E. Retired Farm- 
 er; Winnebago; born in Miami Co., O., 
 May 10. 1826; leaving home when 16 years 
 old, he learned the tanners' trade, follow- 
 ing the same 3 years, after which he was 
 engaged in farming with his brother until 
 at the age of 25,when he went to California, 
 mining gold 2 years; returning to his na- 
 tive town, he bought a farm and resided 
 on the same until i868, when he came to 
 this Co., where he has been farming and 
 other business; married first time Sarah J. 
 Erwin, Feb. 29, 1853; she was born in 
 Tyrone, Ireland, July 14, 1829; married 
 second time Mary Mutchmore, March 8, 
 1859; she was born in Essex Co., N. J., 
 Dec. 15, 1824. 
 
 Hunter J. G. carriage trimmer; Winnebago. 
 
 Hunter J. I. retired harness mkr ; Winnebago. 
 
 Hunter P. farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Hunter Wm. farmer; Winnebago. 
 
 J AGGER NELSON, laborer; P. O. Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 JACKJSOX JOHIV A. Farmer; Sec. 
 8; P. O. Winnebago; born in Bath, Sum- 
 m"t Co., O., June 4, 1843; when quite 
 young he moved to Cleveland, O., with his 
 parents, residing in that city and in East 
 Cleveland 13 years and 9 months; came to 
 this Co. in 1859, bringing his widowed 
 mother, his brothers and sisters, whom he 
 had cared for since the death of his father 
 iu 1852; married Camilla C. Lawreuce, 
 
 Nov. 16, 1864; she was born in Addison, 
 Oakland Co., Mich., Nov. 23, 1845; moved 
 with her parents from Oxford, Mich., to 
 this Co., and is the only daughter of P. T. 
 Lawrence; Florence E. (deceased), Orin 
 P., Elva M. ; the last two their living chil- 
 dren. 
 
 JACOBS CHAKLES H. Retired 
 Farmer; P. O. AVinnebago; born in Spaf- 
 ford, Onondaga Co., N. Y. ; his father was 
 born in Guilford, Vt, April 24, 1823; mar- 
 ried Cornelia O. Farrell ; she was born in 
 Onondaga Co., N. Y., Oct. 9, 1£21 ; Mr. 
 Jacobs, Sr., moved to Fribble, N. Y., where 
 he lived about six years, wlien he moved 
 to Onondaga Co. ; married ; after which he 
 entered the ministry, joining the Metho- 
 dist; in 1856 he came to this State, buying 
 a farm in Ogle Co., continuing on the same 
 two years, and then came to this Co., ar- 
 riving in Dec, 1858; joining again the 
 conference, he preached in Stephenson, 
 McHenry and Lake Cos., coming back to 
 this village, where he died, Feb. 21, 1874. 
 
 John J. M. agr'l implements ; Winnebago. 
 
 J^>NES ABRAHAM, Farmer; Sec. 
 18 ; P. O. Winnebago ; born in Canada, 
 March 17, 1837; came to this Co. in 1852; 
 Democrat; Episcopalian; owns 80 acres 
 land, valued at $6,400; married Marv A. 
 Two. Feb. 22, 1866; she was born in Bed- 
 fordshire, Eng., June 29, 1829; Wilber, 
 Joel and Lillie are the names of their three 
 chiklren ; Joel Two, Mrs. Jones' first hus- 
 band, died some years ago, leaving five 
 children ; Ada, aged 18, and Catherine 16, 
 are his two youngest daughters. 
 
 JORDAN JERRTE, Furniture Deal- 
 er and Undertaking; Winnebago; born in 
 Juniata, Penn., July 1, 1830; moved to 
 Ogle Co. in 1852, where he lived four 
 years, and then went to Kansas, where he 
 joined the John Brown expedition, for 
 which he was sentenced to State's prison 
 five years; after serving six months of the 
 time he, with others, was released by or- 
 der of the Governor, when he came to 
 Byron, where he enlisted in the 8th I. V. 
 I., serving three years ; was Avounded near 
 Fairfax; in 1869 he came to this Co. ; mar- 
 ried Ellen J. Linn ; she was born in Perry 
 Co., Penn. 
 
 K 
 
 ENNEDY JOS. laborer; P. O. Win- 
 nebago. 
 
 KERNS WM. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 22; P. O. Winnebago; born 
 in Chester Co., Pa., Oct. 7, 1829 ; came to 
 this Co. in 1854; owns 120 acres of land, 
 on which he has erected good buildings ; 
 held office of School Director; married 
 Sarah E. Myers, Feb. 17, 1859, who was 
 born in Lancaster Co., Pa., January 12, 
 1831 ; her father was an old settler of Pa. ; 
 Mr. Kerns commenced life by renting 
 farms, but, with honesty, frugality and 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 643 
 
 earnest labor, has acquired a goodly com- 
 petence. 
 
 Kerr Wm. farmer; Sec. 3;gP. O. Rockford. 
 
 KIKSTEK D. MILTOI^, M. 1>. 
 
 Physician and Surgeon; Winnebago; 
 born in Westmoreland Co., Pa., Feb. ^0, 
 1849; married Josie McKenzie, April 19, 
 1877 ; she was born in Penn. ; at the age 
 of 17, Dr. Kiester and his father not agree- 
 ing about his education, he left home, 
 teaching in summers and going to school 
 winters, until he commenced the study of 
 medicine, resulting in his graduating at 
 Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, 
 in 1875 ; has been practicing, since he 
 graduated, in Iowa; he comes recom- 
 mended by his class-mate. Dr. Spaulding, 
 whose practice he takes Oct. 17, 1877. 
 King Wiley, laborer ; Winnebago. 
 
 L 
 
 ANE FRED, resides with his father, 
 W. H. Lane; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 liAllfE ^^Ilil^IAM H. Farmer; Sec. 
 9; P.O.Winnebago; born in Guildhall, 
 Essex Co., Vt., Jan. 8, 1823; when an in- 
 fant his parents moved with him to Lan- 
 caster, N. H., where he lived 19 years; 
 buying his time of his father, and with 
 one suit of clothes and $60 dollars he went 
 to Boston, working by the month for Gov. 
 Morton; here he was married, to Emily 
 N. Weare, on Sept. 6, 1846 ; she was born 
 in York Co., Maine, Feb. 25, 1820; they 
 moved to Belfast, Maine, engaging in the 
 marble business with his brother-in-law, 
 J.A.Farley; in the spring of 1851 he 
 came West, via the canal and lakes, to 
 Chicago, tirst settling and buying 240 
 acres of land in Grant Co., Wis. ; in 1855 
 he came to this Co., the year following 
 buying his present farm, on which he has 
 made all its improvements ; has six chil- 
 dren. 
 1,AWRE:NCE porter J. Farm, 
 er; Sec. 8; P. O. Winnebago; he, with his 
 father, moved to Washington, Macomb 
 Co., Mich., in 1835, from Onondasa Co., 
 N. Y., where he was born, on Nov. 5, 
 1821; he lived in Washington, Mich., 
 until he was 21, when he married, Jan. 
 1st, Martha M. Baldwin, who was born in 
 Addison Co., Vt., May 14, 1819 ; M'ith his 
 young wife, moved to Addison, Oakland 
 Co., Mich., residing there 4 years; tlien in 
 Oxford 16 years ; from the latter place they 
 came to this Co., arriving here and buying 
 their present home of 80 acres in 1863; 
 they have but one daughter, who is Mrs. 
 Camilla Jackson. 
 LiA^WREIfCE WII. E. Retired 
 Farmer; Winnebago; born in London, 
 Eng., March 18, 1816 ; at the age of 16, he 
 went to sea and was engaged as a seaman 
 for three years ; in 1835 he came to Amer- 
 ica with his parents, settling in Cleveland, 
 Ohio, where he was married to Blanche 
 Friend, April 4, 1837; she was bora in 
 
 Devonshire, Eng., Feb. 14, 1816, and was 
 one of the pa.ssengers of the ill-fated 
 "Minerva," which was wrecked off Long 
 Island Sound, in March., 1846; she was 
 saved by wreckers; Mr. L. came from 
 Cleveland to this Co. in 1855, settling five 
 miles west of Rockford, where he now 
 owns a good farm; have eight children; 
 Newton, their oldest son, enlisted in the 
 74th I. V. I. 
 
 liEVTIS DAVID €. Merchant; Win- 
 nebago; born in Huron Co., O., Feb. 4, 
 1823; moved when quite young to Detroit, 
 Mich.; at the age of 10, he returned to 
 Huron Co., Ohio, where lie remained until 
 he was 15; he went to St. Clair, Mich., 
 where he resided 8 years; in 1845 he came 
 to this Co.; commenced life on liis own 
 account at sixteen, and has been engaged 
 in fishing, boat building, carpentering, 
 farming and hotel keeping, until he com- 
 menced his present business in this vil- 
 lage, in 1855; now owns a first-class dry 
 goods store; from a poor fisher boy, he 
 has risen to rank among the wealthiest 
 men in this village; married LucyBurtch 
 in 1843 ; she was born in Canada West, 
 Nov. 23, 1829; have two children, E. 
 Chandler and Etta. 
 
 lilGGETT HEITRY, Farmer; rents 
 the Hall Farm; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Winnebago; 
 born in Chester Co., Pa. ; resided with his 
 father, Jacob Liggett until 22 years of age, 
 when he worked the homestead one year ; 
 went to Byron, Ogle (Jo., where he resided 
 until the 22d of February last, when he 
 came to his present location; married 
 Martha Bunn, Nov. 26, 1874; she was 
 born in Hunterdon Co., N. J., Sept. 12, 
 1854 ; they have two pretty children, Wm. 
 B. and Lillie I. 
 
 lilGGETT JACOB, Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 27; P. O. Winnebago; 
 born in Chester Co., Pa., Aug. 26, 1823 ; 
 came to this Co. in 1854; March 27. 1849, 
 he married Ann Ayers, who was born ia 
 Chester Co., Pa., Jan. 15, 1823; although 
 Mr. L. came to HI. when there were very 
 few improvements, he has by industry 
 and careful management acquired 202 
 acres of land; he is a man of sterling 
 worth and beloved by his neighbors and 
 family; he has eight children. 
 
 Linn John M., Presb. pastor; Winnebago. 
 
 I.VITHER CHARLES D. Farmer; 
 Sec 5- P.O. Winnebago; born in Mul- 
 ville Mass., Auc;. 29, 1851 : married Mary 
 L VanAlstine, Oct. 18, 1873; she was born 
 in Burritt, HI., July 19. 1854; Mr. L. came 
 to this Co. with his father in 18.)7; first 
 settled in Rockford when he was about 6 
 years old, living there about 3 years; 
 moved to Burritt, residing there 6 or 7 
 years when they came to their present 
 kome; Louie H. and Alonzo T. are then- 
 only children. 
 
644 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 JLIJTHER lVIIil.IAM H. Retired 
 J^'armer; Winnebago; born in Swansea, 
 Bristol Co., Mass., July 11, 1811 , moved 
 with his parents to Attleboro, and then to 
 Mendora, Worcester Co., where he was em- 
 ployed as a boy of all work ; at the age of 15 
 his employer, who was superintendent of 
 the shops, let him learu the machinists' 
 trade; worked for Dr. Wilder until he had 
 earned $500; loaned the same to his em- 
 ployer, who failed, and he lost it all ; he 
 afterwards built 354 looms in Worcester, for 
 Hamilton Woole^i Mills, and took charge 
 of them in South Brady ; moving to Lowell, 
 Mass., he took charge of the mills that 
 made the first shawls in America; after- 
 wards bought half interest in mills at 
 Springfield!^ Vt., when he sold out to his 
 partner, going to Worcester Co.,where, with 
 two others, he bought a large mill, which, 
 when repaired, cost $40,000 ; through the 
 rascality of a partner, all this propertj^ was 
 lost, when he came to this Co. in 185G, and 
 is now a wealthy man; married for first 
 wife Ruth Darling in 1841 ; she died in 
 1856 ; married Luranda R. Turk, who was 
 born in Acworth, N. J., March 7, 1827. 
 
 Lutz Geo. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 M 
 
 cCLAIN J. G. laborer; Winnebago. 
 
 McCann G. warehouse elk; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 McDannell Wm. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 McGEACHIE l>lUNCA5r, Farmer; 
 Sec. 1 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Argyle- 
 shire, Scotland, j\Iay 24, 1823 ; after living 
 in Scotland and with his father until 28 
 years of age, Mr. M. determined seeking a 
 home in the new world; he accordingly 
 left Glasgow and came vui New York to 
 Rockford, arriving there in 1852; went to 
 Iowa and bought 200 acres land, and sold 
 it in a short time, bujnug 112 acres in the 
 northern part of this Co.; he afterwards 
 bought his present farm of 300 acres, on 
 which he has erected magnificent build- 
 ings ; has been School Director, and Trus- 
 tee of the Presbyterian Church, of which 
 he is a member ; married in Feb., 1853, 
 Elizabeth Ralston, who was born in Scot- 
 land in Sept., 1828 ; Duncan, Lizzie, Ella, 
 Maggie and Willie are their children. 
 
 HcGEACHY .fOHJT, Farmer; Sec. 
 3; P. O. Rockford; born in Scotland in 
 1835; Mr. M. worked by the month in 
 Scotland until he was 22, after which he 
 came to Canada, living there 6 months; 
 then came to Boone Co., 111., where he 
 lived 5 years ; thence to this Co., residing 
 3 years ; returning to Boone, rented a farm, 
 on which he worked six years; came to 
 this Co. again, buying his present farm of 
 134 acres ; married Martha Ralston in 1865 ; 
 she was born in Scotland in 1833 ; have 
 one child, William. 
 
 McGeachyN. farmer; Sec. 4; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 McGeachie P. farmer; Sec.2; P.O.Rockford. 
 
 McNear Robt. larm ; Sec.6 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 McQuaters Alexander, resides with brother ; 
 P. O. Rockford. 
 
 lIcQlTATEBS JOH:Bf, Farmer; Sec. 
 14 ; P. O . Rockford ; born in Westchester 
 Co., N. Y., Feb. 29, 1836; married Mary 
 E. HoUenbeck, May 27, 1871; she was 
 born June 7, 1846, in Schohaiie Co., N. Y. ; 
 Mr. M. moved with his parents to Con- 
 necticut, where he resided eleven years ; 
 in 1852 moved to Norwich, and again to 
 Blackstone, Mass., where he worked in 
 woolen mills; came to Wisconsin in 1856, 
 and to this Co. in 1866, coming all the way 
 with an ox team ; rented his present farm 
 for three years, after which he bought it ; 
 his father died in Wis., April 12, 1866; his 
 mother and brother Alexander still reside 
 with him; has three children, Margaret 
 A., Agnes E., and Henry. 
 
 Mack J. C. laborer; Winnebago. 
 
 Mahan John, rents farm; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Mandeville Frank, resides with S. S. Man- 
 deville; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 M Alt DE VIIil^E H E X R Y I^f . 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Elida; born in 
 Orange Co., N. Y., in 1793; married 
 Peace Sprague, born in 1792; Henry D. 
 was his eldest son, who died July 12, 1877 ; 
 Adeline, Simon S., Daniel, Sarah, Katie 
 P., Frank, and Fred., are the names of his 
 living children ; Mr. M. has been a help- 
 less invalid for thirty years ; his loving 
 children sold their home in New York 
 and came to this Co. Oct. 1, 1860, hoping 
 to change the condition of their father's 
 health; notwithstanding long nights of 
 anxious, weary watching, and days filled 
 with toil in attending to the wants of an 
 invalid parent, these children, with Simon 
 S. as manager and director, have secured 
 and beautified 160 acres of land. 
 
 Mandeville Isaac, laborer; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Mandeville S. S. P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Mandeville Thomas, resides with his father, 
 W. A. Mandeville; P. O. Elida. 
 
 MAXDEVIIil^E \VII.I.IAM A. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 33; P. O. 
 Elida; born in Elbridge, Onondaa;a Co., 
 N. Y., Aug. 2, 1821 ; came to this "Co. m 
 September, 1846; Democrat; Congrega- 
 tionalist; owns 65 acres of land, worth $4,- 
 500; married Adelia Chapel, in July, 1844; 
 she was born in New London, Conn., Aug. 
 22, 1820; have three children, Charles B., 
 Thomas Irving, Libbie E. ; Mr. M. har- 
 vested from 80 acres 3,200 bushels of wheat 
 in 1848, two-thirds of which he hauled to 
 •Chicago, 111., Milwaukee and Jauesville 
 Wis. 
 MARCHAIlf T EXOCH, Blacksmith ; 
 Winnebago; born in Tioga Co., N. Y., 
 Feb. 24, 1826: from his native Co. he came- 
 to this in Oct., 1854; married Miranda 
 Brown, April 16, 1850 ; she was born in 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 645 
 
 Tioga Co., N. Y., April 23, 1833; Mr. 
 Marcliant enlisted in the 156th I. V. I., 
 serving his country with honor until the 
 close of the war, when he was honorably 
 discharged ; he is one of ten sons his wid- 
 owed mother sent to the army, an account 
 of which is given in another part of this 
 work 
 
 MAKGET JAMES. Farmer; Sec. 19; 
 P. O. Winnebago ; born in Bedfordshire, 
 England, Sept. 1, 1831 ; came to this Co. in 
 1855; Democrat; Presbyterian; owns 40 
 acres land, worth $65 per acre ; married 
 Mary Ann Hewlett in Sept., 1851; she was 
 born May 6, 1831 ; Lizzie A., Angelo J., 
 Herschell G. and Louisa L. are their chil- 
 dren, one of whom is married to David 
 Sims; Mr. Marget was 23 days coming to 
 N. Y. from England ; first settled in Evaus- 
 ville, Ind., where he resided 2 years ; not 
 being suited with the country, he went by 
 water to Cairo, then to St. Louis and Ga- 
 lena ; took the stage for Rockford, and has 
 made this Co. his permanent home ever 
 since. 
 
 Mariner Frank E. son of G. H. Mariner ; P. 
 O. Winnebago. 
 
 MARINER OEORGE H. Farmer; 
 Sec. 9; P.O. Winnebago; born in Saco, 
 Me., Sept. 16, 1818; at 6 years old he was 
 left an orphan, and at his mother's request, 
 who died two years previous, he was taken 
 by a Mr. Rich, who removed to Livermore ; 
 here he lived until 21, when he left with 
 $75, working by the month for a Mr. 
 Coolidge 2 years at $12 per month; after 
 being engaged in the dry goods trade in 
 Livermore, he went to Boston, engaging 
 in the bakery business with his brother-in- 
 law ; after 4 or 5 years he sold out, and 
 ran a truck line until 1852, when he moved 
 to this Co., buying a farm and building 
 the first stone house in this township; 
 married Mary J. Coolidge, Jan. 1, 1843; 
 she was born in Livermore, Me., Jan. 28, 
 1820; have three children: Charles D., 
 George E. and Frank E. 
 
 Marshall Benj . laborer ; Winnebago. 
 
 MARSTON WM. Farmer; Sec. 8; P. 
 O. Winnebago ; born in England, Jan. 12, 
 1825 ; married Sarah M. Peck, March 24, 
 1856; she was born in England, April 2, 
 1832; Mr. Marston, after living in nine 
 different shires in England, like many 
 other energetic men, came to this country 
 in the ship Excelsior in 1850, stopping 
 first in Janesville, Wis., where he lived 
 three years ; in 1853 he went to St. Paul, 
 Minn., but returned to Janesville, Wis., 
 when in 1857 he came to this Co., where 
 he has since resided. 
 
 Martenus A. B. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Mellen Albert A. hardware ; Winnebago. 
 
 MEIiliEN A. J. Farmer; Sec. 17; P.O. 
 Winnebago ; born in Newfield, Tompkms 
 Co., K Y., April 24, 1835; came to this 
 
 Co. in March, 1857; Democrat; owns 220 
 acres land, valued at $17,600; is School 
 Director; married Flora M. Swan, Oct. 2, 
 1866; she was born in N<;wficld, N. Y., 
 June 3, 1839; Alice, Fred. S. and S. Clarl 
 ine are their tiiree living cliiidren ; Clias. 
 W. died Sept. 30, 1868; when Mr. Mellen 
 came to this Co., he had only $15, but by 
 manly and ennobling toil, he has beauti- 
 fied a lovely home; his house is situated 
 on an eminence of land, giving one a fine 
 view of tlie surrounding country. 
 Mellen Clark, nmfr. of butter ; Winnebago. 
 
 MELI.EN CHAS. H. Winnebago; 
 Of the firm of Grippen ct Mellen, Drug 
 gists; born in Onondaga Co., N. Y. Dec. 
 11, 1839; moved to Cayuga Co., N. Y., 
 when about three years old, where he was 
 engaged in farming; came to this Co. in 
 1854, following the same business until 
 June 1, 1877, when he bought an interest 
 in a drug store, with the above partner ; 
 Mr. Mellen's honesty and integrity are 
 well established in' this Co. ; married 
 Annis St. John, Sept. 25, 1859; she was 
 born in Cayuga Co., N. Y., in 1849; have 
 two children, Elmer E. and Elida. 
 
 Mellen Erastus, retired farmer; Winnebago. 
 
 Mereditli Geo. retired farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 
 Merryfield J.O.fann; S. 22; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 MERRYFIELD JOSIAH F. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Winnebago; he is 
 one of the oldest settlers in this Tp. ; born 
 in Wyoming Co., N. Y., Oct. 17, 1821; 
 started with his father from Buflalo, via 
 the lakes, to Toledo, Ohio ; then by land 
 and teams to tliis Co., arriving here in 
 1836; married Jane Stewart, March 29, 
 1848 ; she was born in Ogdensburg, N. Y., 
 Aug. 16, 1830; has a good home of 180 
 acres of choice land. 
 
 MIL.LEK AMOS. (Deceased); died 
 of disease contracted while in the South 
 attending his son Cyrus, who was wounded 
 in the arm ; he was a man who possessed 
 those qualities of mind and character 
 which made him beloved by all who knew 
 him; he was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., 
 Nov. 4, 1809 ; came to this Co. in 1855 : Jo- 
 siah F., his youngest son, and an attorney 
 at law, resides on the homestead with his 
 mother; Richard andThos. N., one a Cou- 
 gregatioualist pastor and the other a physi- 
 cian,are two of Mr.Miller's promismg sons ; 
 Mary E. is the only daughter; we cannot 
 speak too highly of his friends and chil- 
 dren, cherish too well the memoiy of this 
 old settler. 
 
 MILI^ER AMOS E. Farmer; Sec. 19; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in Vernon, Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Sept. 26, 1844; came to this Co. 
 in March, 1855 ; Republican ; Congrega- 
 tionalist; owns 65 acres of land, valued at 
 $4,900; married Lauretta Jennings, Dec. 
 23, 1869; she was born May 20, 1849; 
 
646 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY ! 
 
 Edeline E., born Dec. 23, 1870; Alice A., 
 May 15, 1873; Jessie L., Dec. 25, 1873; 
 thiese, their children, were all born in 
 Winnebago; whatever this history could 
 say of Mr. and Mrs. Miller, it would be a 
 small tribute to theu' worth; long after 
 they have i^assed away, like a wreath of 
 mist at eve, the memory of their acts of 
 kindness will be cherished in the hearts 
 of those who knew them. 
 
 MIL.I.ER CYRUS A. Farmer; Sec. 
 18; P. O. Winnebago; owns 80 acres land, 
 worth $6,500: born in Vernon, Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Feb. 17, 1839; married Ida D. 
 Hobert, Sept. 5, 1872 ; she was born in 
 Westford, Chittenden Co.. Vt., Dec. 30, 
 1849; she is a lady of culture, having 
 taught in the High School at Winnebago; 
 Mr. Miller enlisted and served nearly 
 three years in the 74th I. V. I. ; was in the 
 battles at Murfreesboro and Lookout 
 Mountain ; was severely wounded in the 
 arm and honorably discharged. 
 
 lIIIiI.ER|HENRY H. Farmer; Sec. 
 19; P. O. Winnebago; born in Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Oct. 28, 1840; moved to this 
 Co. witli his parents in 1855, who were 
 poor, his father working land on shares; 
 Henry with his other brothers has helped 
 to amass a good fortune, which was 
 amicably divided among them at the death 
 of their father; Mr. M. has contributed 
 largely to all the improvements of the 
 township, and is known as an honorable 
 and honest man ; married Mary A. Pettis, 
 Dec. 5, 1871 ; she was born in Oswego Co., 
 N. Y., Oct. 29, 1848 ; Maud is the name of 
 their only daughter. 
 
 Miller Josiali, P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 MlliliS DAVID, Farmer; Sec. 21; P. 
 O. Winnebago ; born in Albany Co., N. 
 Y., July 4, 1811 ; came to this Co. in 1859; 
 owns 160 acres land, worth ,$11,000; mar- 
 ried Ermelia Baylies, in 1835; slie was 
 born in Cato, N. Y., June 24, 1818; Mr. 
 Mills resided with his fatlier until 21 
 years old; worked by the month for $10 
 per month; settled in Weedsport, N. Y., 
 in mercantile business for six years; 
 bought a farm in Cato, N. Y., lived there 
 ten years, and then moved to this Co. 
 
 MITCHEEE JOSEPH M. Farmer; 
 Sec. 30; P. O. Elida; born in Lebanon, N. 
 J., Dec. 13, 1847 ; came to Winnebago Tp. 
 in March, 1870; married Sarah Seal, Aug. 
 12, 1871 ; she was born in Lebanon, N. J., 
 Aug. 18, 1847 ; they have three children : 
 Lizzie S., born June 19, 1872; Nellie, Jan. 
 12, 1874, and Lydia, Oct. 10, 1875. 
 
 MlTCHEF^Iv JOHK W. Farmer; 
 Sec. 32; P. O. Elida; Republican; born in 
 Hunterdon Co., N. J., Jan. 6, 1844; owns 
 93 acres land; married Sarah A. Stryker, 
 July 2, 1864; she was born Feb. 4, 1844; 
 their children (Peter S., born Oct. 12, 1865 ; 
 Mary L., May 7, 1867 ; Eva E., Jan. 1, 1874,) 
 are being so guided in early life by their 
 
 parents that they may be an ornament in 
 society; Mr. and Mrs. M. are earnest as 
 well as honest workers in the Methodist 
 Church, and are beloved by its pastor and 
 society; Mr. M. served 9 months in the 
 31st N. J. V. L, and was honorably dis- 
 charged. 
 
 Moore Job, laborer ; Winnebago. 
 
 Moore J. W. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 MOORE JS. H. Farmer and Carpenter; 
 Sec 18 ; P. O. Winnebago ; born in Fulton, 
 Schoharie Co., N. Y., July 26, 1831; came 
 to this Co. in 1855; Republican; Congre- 
 gationalist; owns 120 acres land, ■worth 
 $8,400 ; married Catherine Hager in 1855 ; 
 she was born in Cobleskill, NrY., Oct. 29, 
 1828; the names of their children are: 
 Elder, Ella, George, John, Nancy, Alice, 
 Ralph and Minnie; the last died Dec. 10, 
 1876 ; Mr. M. is one of the trustees of his 
 church, and beloved by all who know 
 him; they have a beautiful house situated 
 on an elevated portion of his farm, where 
 love and happiness reign. 
 
 Morris John, tinsmith; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 N EVENS W. H. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 Nicalson J. farmer; Sec. 5; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 NYE ^WIEEIAM, Farmer; Sec. 9; P. 
 O. Winnebago; born in Worcester Co., 
 Mass., June 17, 1820; at the age of 22 he 
 went to Norfolk Co., Mass., where, the 
 following year, he married Eliza Daniels ; 
 22 years ago he came to Cambridge, Henry 
 Co., 111., purchasing a farm, and returned 
 to Mass. ; after a lapse of 7 years he again 
 returned to Cambridge, 111., where he was 
 engaged as a clerk in a mercantile house 
 until 1871, when he sold his place and 
 came to this Co., buying 25 acres of land ; 
 Mrs. Nye was born in Franklin, Norfolk 
 Co., Mass., Feb. 3, 1827, and is sister of 
 Rev. W. Daniels, A. M.. of Chicago, who 
 has lately written the life of Rev. D. L. 
 Moody. 
 
 09BRIEN DENNIS, laborer; Winne- 
 bago. 
 
 O'FARRELrli D. McD. Retired 
 Methodist Minister and Farmer; P. C>. 
 Winnebago; born in Onondaga Co., N. Y., 
 Dec. 5, 1809 ; at the age of 16 he left home, 
 learning the carriage maker's trade, which 
 he followed until 23, when he entered the 
 ministry, which profession he followed 15 
 years, when he was obliged to retire on 
 account of health; buying a farm, he re- 
 sided on the same for nearly 20 years; 
 came to this place in 1878, where he has 
 since resided; owns 240 acres land ; mar- 
 ried Adaline Whitney, Sept. 1, 1836; she 
 was born in Cortland Co., N. Y. 
 
 Osborn Walter, laborer; Winnebago. 
 
 OSRORN WERSTER, Farmer; 
 Sec. 31 ; P.O. Winnebago ; owns 196 acres 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 647 
 
 land, yalued at $12,000; born in Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Nov. 13, 1841 ; married Lucin- 
 da Spencer, May 28, 18G1; she was born in 
 Penn., May 26, 1888; children: Rhoda 
 born Jan. 15, 1862; Willard L., July 18 
 1864 ; Frank J., Nov. 5, 1866 ; Fred, Feb 
 4, 1869; George, Sept. 21, 1870; Grace M. 
 Nov. 7, 1871; Blanche A., Dec. 3, 1874- 
 Fred died Feb. 12, 1869, and George, the 
 day of his birth; these, his children, are 
 beloved by all who know them; Mr. O. 
 came to this Co. in 1846; started from 
 Oneida Co. in a canal boat for Bulialo: 
 thence to Chicago by boat, using a team 
 and wagon to transport him to this Tp.; 
 lie is a man of intelligence and .sterling 
 worth, as is shown by his holding the 
 highest offices of his Tp. for seven years ; 
 the second term of his district school was 
 taught in his house. 
 
 PAHRLEY D. C. laborer; P. O. Winne- 
 bago. 
 
 PAD1>0€K. WII. S. Farmer; Sec. 
 22; P. O. Winnebago; is a nephew of 
 Mrs. Eliza A. Burnett, and resides with 
 that lady; his father is an old resident of 
 this Co., coming here in 1844; he was 
 born in Tompkins Co. N. Y., in 1817 ; 
 married Selena Fox ; she was born in Cat- 
 araugus Co., N. Y. ; both parents are 
 buried in this Co. ; William is an unmar- 
 ried man and beloved by all who know 
 him. 
 
 Palmer A. F. laborer ; Winnebago. 
 
 Parsons N. F. lumber dealer ; Winnebago. 
 
 PATRICK J AS. Farmer; Sec. 13; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in England, 1822; 
 came to this Co. in 1846; owns 210 acres 
 land; has held offices of School Director 
 and Road Commissioner; married Miss 
 Rachel Faulkner, in 1845 ; she was born in 
 England, and died in 1861; in 1864 he 
 married Clara Rundell, who was born in 
 N. Y. ; has six children, Lucy, Azubah 
 M., Rachel F., Theron J., Martha E., and 
 Edith E. ; lost one daughter, Mary Edith. 
 
 Patton Wm. H. hardware; Winnebago. 
 
 POrivTOX AILFRED, Sec. 21; P. 
 O. Winnebago; rents Mrs. Merrifield's 
 farm ; born in England, Dec. 16, 1827 ; 
 came to this Co. in October, 1868; owns 
 personal property valued at $3,000 ; mar- 
 ried Susannah M. Saunders, June 12, 1856; 
 she was born in Milbourn, Willshire Co., 
 Eng., Sept. 6, 1837; the names of their 
 children are as follows: Madeline M., 
 born Aug. 6, 1857; Elizabeth E., Oct. 3, 
 1858; Sarah A., May 21, 1860; Emily R., 
 Nov. 8, 1863; Alfred C, Sept. 10, 1867; 
 they were all born in East Court, England, 
 except Alfred C, who was born in Clift, 
 Piper, England. 
 
 Pettis M. P. farm; S. 20; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Posson A. G. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 POWEIili L.EWIS, Farmer; Sec. 27; 
 P. O. Winnebago; an old settler; born in 
 
 Chester Co., Pa., April 17, 1818; he mar- 
 ried Mary Hallowell, Feb. 16, 1843; she 
 was born in Lancaster Co., Pa., Sept. 3, 
 1821; Mr. Powell came to this Co. in 
 1853, a poor man, and at a time when one 
 could go in any ilirection over the prairie 
 without hindrance: he now has a beauti- 
 ful home of 174 acres, on which he has 
 ju.st erected a beautiful house; Anna M., 
 an accomplished young lady and musi- 
 cian, is their only daughter. 
 
 P«^VEI.L. WILLIAM A. Farmer; 
 Sec. 26; P.O.Winnebago; he was born 
 in Chester Co., Pa., May 12, 1844; came 
 to this Co. with his parents in 1853 ; mar- 
 rietl Angeline HoUenbeck, Dec. 24, 1869; 
 she was born in Schoharie Co., N. Y. 
 May 13, 1848; William W. is their only 
 child ; Mr. Powell has held the office of 
 School Director, and is regarded by all 
 who know him as an intelligent and hon- 
 orable gentleman. 
 
 Prescott Chas. carpenter ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 PBESCOTT ROBERT, A member 
 of the firm of Prescott & \'anston. Meat 
 Market, Winnebago; born in Canada, 
 July 15, 1836; came to this Co. and 
 first settled with his parents on Sugar 
 River, in this Co., where he resided eight 
 years; at 16 he came to this township and 
 commenced life on his own account, first 
 working for D. C. Lewis ; he afterwards 
 learned the carpenter trade, which he fol- 
 lowed, in connection with farming, until 
 he engaged in his present business; mar- 
 ried Sarah A. Kepner, July 15, 1862; she 
 was born in Perry Co., Pa., in 1839. 
 
 PRESCOTT WILLIAM, Grain 
 
 Buyer; Winnebago; born in this Co., 
 Oct. 4, 1841 ; enlisted in Co. A, 2d I. V. C, 
 July 16, 1861 ; some time after leaving 
 Camp Butler his company was placed on 
 detached service, as escorts tor Gens. 
 Sweene3\ Davis, Oglesby, Ord, and John 
 A. Logan, after which tliey returned to 
 tlieir regiment, in February, 1864; they 
 were engaged in the battles of New Or- 
 leans, Donelson, Pittsburg Landing, 
 Corinth, Black River Bridge, Thompson 
 Hill, Snake Creek, Jackson, (Miss.) Vicks- 
 burg, and Blakely; honorably discharged, 
 at Springfield, 111., July G, 1866. 
 
 RAINEY ALBERT G. retired merchant; 
 P. O. Winnebago. 
 ROBERTS A. T. Sec. 18; P. O. Win- 
 nebago; lives on one of his father's many 
 farms, containing 80 acres; born in Pe- 
 tersburg, Huntingdon Co., Pa., Aug. 4, 
 1855; came to this Co. in 1857; Democrat; 
 owns personal property to the value of 
 $2,000; married Nellie Smith, May 4, 
 1876; one son, Frank Edward, was born 
 May 8, 1877, and died July 11, 1877; Mr. 
 Roberts is a young man, but one cannot 
 meet him without being impressed with 
 his open and manly character; his con- 
 
^48 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTT DlEEOtOll 
 
 sort is one of the intelligent young women 
 of this county. 
 
 Roberts Ed. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Elida. 
 
 ROBERT}^ HE3»^RY B. Retired 
 Farmer; Winnebago; born in Perry Co., 
 Pa., Oct. 28, la20; moved with his parents 
 to Juniata Co., Pa., and then to Hunting- 
 don Co., where he lived about ten years ; 
 after teaching school winters and work- 
 ing on a farm summers he laid by money, 
 which he invested in the mercantile trade 
 with A. G. Miller, in Mechanicsville, Pa., 
 in 1849 ; about this time his father died 
 and he went back home, residing until 
 1852, when he came West, to Ottawa, 111., 
 where he bought a large tract of land in 
 Farm Ridge Tp. ; returned to Penn. ; and 
 again, in 1857, came to this Co., making 
 it his permanent home; married Nancy 
 J..Meradeth, Feb. 4, 1864; she was born 
 in Perry Co., Pa., Jan. 7, 1845 ; have two 
 children, Mattie and Jessie M. 
 
 Roberts Jonathan, farm; S. 32; P. O. Elida. 
 
 ROGERiS HENRY B. Farmer; Sec. 
 0; P. O. Winnebago; born in Cortlana 
 Co., N. Y., Dec. 22, 1839 ; came to this 
 Co. in 185(j ; moved to California in 1864, 
 and returned to this Co. in 1867; started 
 in life without capital, and by dint of per- 
 severing has gained 146 acres land, and is 
 regarded as one of the solid men of the 
 Co.; he married, March 20, 1861; Sarah 
 Derwent; she was born in England, in 
 October, 1839; have seven children. 
 
 Runyard Alfred, laborer ; Winnebago. 
 
 Russell E. J. teacher; Winnebago. 
 
 'CHOONMAKER CHAS. 
 > bago. 
 
 S. Winne- 
 
 !S€H00:NM AKER H E I^ R Y, 
 
 (Deceased;) was born in Albany, N. Y., 
 April 16, 1808; for nearly 30 years he 
 lived in this locality, working in an ax 
 factory, and on his father's farm; in 
 1826, he married Mary Lown; 5 years 
 later, the beauties and prospects of the 
 prairie state were so graphically laid 
 before him that he became convinced 
 of its merits, and determined making 
 it his future home; he accordingly 
 gathered together all his scanty resources, 
 and, with one team and wagon, came, 
 ■via Buffalo and Detroit, to Rockford, 
 where he camped over night, there being 
 only two log houses where the pros- 
 perous city now stands ; after looking for 
 a suitable location, he settled near a place 
 formerly called Westfield, in 1838 ; some- 
 time during the year, he pre-empted 160 
 acres land, and in due time received the 
 first government deed for the same ever 
 given for land in this Tp. ; always keep- 
 ing in view that toil for daily bread and 
 the necessaries of life is manly and 
 ennobling, he was able to leave a goodly 
 inheritance to his children ; on Aug. 30, 
 
 1872, he was suddenly called from earth, 
 by being thrown from a wagon while 
 after a load of hay; John Schoonmaker, 
 his eldest son, was born in this Tp., April 
 2, 1842 ; owns 80 acres land in Sec. 27 ■ 
 married L. M. Posson, Feb. 18, 1868; she 
 was born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., May 
 9, 1849; Ella, Fannie and Maggie are 
 their children ; Mr. S. served 5 months in 
 the 74th I. V. I., and re-enlisted in the 2d 
 Illinois Light Artillery, Co. G.; Charles 
 Schoonmaker, the fourth son, married 
 Katie Lown, Oct. 3, 1876 ; she was born in 
 Oswego Co., N. Y., Dec. 16, 1855 ; Maggie 
 Schoonmaker, an unmarried daughter, 
 now resides on the old homestead with 
 her mother, and was a favorite daughter 
 of her father ; no daughter cherishes the 
 memory of a loved parent more than 
 Maggie; this family's P. O. address is 
 Winnebago. 
 
 SCHOONMAKER IRA, Black- 
 smith; Wmnebago; born in Schoharie 
 Co., N. Y., Aug. 1, 1832 ; moved with his 
 parents to West Tp., Albany Co., N. Y., 
 returning again to Schoharie Co., and 
 after two years again moved to Schenec- 
 tady, where he lived 12 years, when he 
 moved to this Co., arriving in 1854; mar- 
 ried Mary Mack, Sept. 14, 1862 ; she was 
 born in Ulysses, Tompkins Co., N. Y. 
 Dec. 24, 1842; have five children; Mrs. s! 
 is a member of the Methodist Church. 
 
 Schoonmaker John, Winnebago. 
 
 Schoonmaker William, renter on Sec. 20: 
 P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 JSEAIiS JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 34; P.O. 
 Elida ; born in Hunterdon Co., N. J., and 
 commenced life for himself by working 
 for F. Martenis, at $2 per month, and then 
 for another farmer 6 years and 6 months, 
 at $6 per month ; after working at differ- 
 ent places at $9 per month, the highest 
 wages then paid, he moved into the moun- 
 tains, buying a farm at ,|3,650; resided 
 there six years ; sold out for $5,000, and 
 came to this Co. April 5, 1855; after living 
 on different farms, he bought 167 acres 
 where he now resides; married his first 
 wife, Jane Bellis, in 1846; she died in 
 1849 ; had two children, Sarah and Peter; 
 Mr. S. has been School Director for 10 
 years, and one of the first Trustees of the 
 Methodist Church in Elida; during 22 
 years' residence in this Co. has been re- 
 garded as an honorable man. 
 
 Seal Peter, renter; Sec. 34; P. O. Elida. 
 
 Searls S. I. renter; Sec. 7; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Schreiber J. shoemaker ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 SHAMMO JOHN R. Farmer; Sec. 
 26 ; P. O. Rockford ; born in Perry Co., 
 Pa., Oct. 16, 1847; came to this Co. in 
 Oct., 1867 ; Democrat ; owes 80 acres land, 
 valued at $60 per acre ; married Laura J. 
 Bell, March 11, 1874; she was born in 
 Newark, Wis., Oct. 29, 1852; Charles A. is 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 649 
 
 their only child ; Mr. S. lived in Ogle Co. 
 22 years. 
 
 Shaw Jacob, laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Shaw Morris, laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Shehan Jas. laborer; Winnebago. 
 
 Shehau P. renter; Sec. 26 ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Sheldon C. G. farm; S. 15; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 $!»hi:ldo]\ kdward a. 
 
 Farmer; P. O. Winnebago; born in Ohio, 
 in 1827; came to this Co. in 1858; owns 
 240 acres land ; has held offices of School 
 Direcior and Road Commissioner; mar- 
 ried Miss Aurenchi M. Stinson, in 1848; 
 she was born in N. Y.; have four children, 
 Edwin M., Geo. E., Clarissa I., Mary J. 
 
 8HIELH JAS. Farmer; Sec. 21; 
 P. O. Elida; born in Ireland, in 1833; 
 came to this Co. in 1851 ; Democrat; Cath- 
 olic; married Hannah Barry, in 186G; she 
 was born in Cook Co., III., Feb. 22, 1844; 
 have five children living: Christopher J., 
 Rachel S., .Jas. H., John B., and Mary R. ; 
 Geo. N. died March 20, 1874; Mr. S. owns 
 120 acres laud, worlh $70 per acre; Mrs. 
 Shields' father was an old settler of Ogle 
 County. 
 
 Shilling Sam. book-keeper; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Shinn S. blacksmith; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Simpson H. hotel keeper; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 SIMS H. W. Farmer; Sec. I'J; P.O. 
 Winnebago; rents C. R. Briggs' land; 
 born in Ogle Co., 111., Nov. 30, 1847 ; came 
 to this Co. Nov. 24, 187G; married Eliza A. 
 Porter in March, 1875 ; she was born in 
 Wis., Aug. 8, 185''; William James, born 
 April 8, i87G, and Nathan P., July 9, 1877, 
 are the names of their children; Mrs. 
 Sims' father is one ot the pioneer settlers 
 of Wis., and Mr. Sims' father is one of the 
 old settlers of Ogle Co. of this State, where 
 he has reared a large and interesting 
 family. 
 
 Smead Asa, farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Smith Ed. farmer; Sec. 30; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 SMITH FRA^K, Farmer; Sec. 2(i; 
 P. O. Rockford ; owns 100 acres land ; born 
 in Ireland in 1827; came to this Co. in 
 1855; married Sarah Kelly in 185!); she 
 was born in Ireland ; have one child living; 
 Mr. Smith worked on a farm after arriv- 
 ing in the Stales, both in Mass. and N. Y. ; 
 came to Chicago; was there one year; 
 then to Rockford; he now resides on a 
 beautiful farm in this township. 
 
 Smith Jas. retired farmer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Smith J. C. farmer; Sec. 6; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 SMITH MARK, Farmer; Sec. 9; P.O. 
 Winnebago; horn in Marston, Eng., Oct. 
 
 11, 18iG; owns 382 acres land, valued at 
 $30,000 ; married Elizabeth Faulkner, May 
 
 12, 1848; she was born in Marston, Eng., 
 Feb. 16, "l831, and they rpioved to this 
 country the same year; when Mr. Smith 
 arrived in Rockford, where he lived 9 
 
 years, he had 93 cents; laying up a little 
 money by working by the day, he went to 
 Seward Tp., bought a farm iuid rt-sided 
 there 18 j'ears, after which he came to this 
 tp. ; he is one of the wealthiest farmers in 
 the Co. 
 Spalding A. E. physician; Winnebago. 
 
 SPOT TSWOOD ROBERT, Black- 
 smith; Elida; owns 25 acres land, uud one 
 house and lot in Byron; born in Scotland 
 in 1817; sailed from Annon, Scotland, to 
 Quebec, residing in Canada 12 years; 
 moved to N. Y.; lived there 13 years; 
 landed in the U. S. in 1«30; came to this 
 Co. in 1867; married Mary C. Graham in 
 1842; she was born in Scotland, June 19, 
 1817 ; children are : Catherine, Robert 
 (both died when young), Robert, Cath- 
 erine, Elizabeth, Margaret, Jennie, Mary 
 C, Ellen; Robert, his only son, works at 
 blacksmithing with his father; married 
 Eleanor F. Ellis, June 30, 1875; one child, 
 Mary J. 
 
 Stack Jolin, laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Steers A. R. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Elida. 
 Stephens I. M. carpenter; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Stiles E. G. Teacher; Winnebago. 
 
 STRAW HEXRY I^. Wagoumaker; 
 Winnebago; born in this Co., March 17, 
 1844; married Cathennu F. Byron, Sept. 
 26, 1869; she was born in Utica, Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Dec. 23, 1849; three children, 
 Blanch K., Grace E. and Edna; Mr. Straw 
 has been actively engaged in the wagon 
 manufacturing business until recently, 
 when he sold out to other parties. 
 
 Sullivan J. renter; Sec.29; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Sullivan Pat'k, farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Elida. 
 
 Sucia D. H. blacksmith ; Winnebago. 
 
 SWAX EDGAR I.. Clerk; Winne- 
 bago; born in Schuyler Co., N. Y., Feb. 
 12, 1850; when 10 years old he moved 
 with his parents to this Co., where he has 
 been engaged in farming until the past 
 two years, which have been given to clerk- 
 ing Vor his brother, M. M. Swan, of this 
 village; married Florence H. Edson, Dec. 
 29, 1874; she was born in Rockford, 111., 
 Dec. 20, 1852; Mr. Swan is one of those 
 atfable, congenial men who are ever ready 
 to take one by the hand with hearty wel- 
 come; Herbert E., a brighl-eyeil little boy 
 nearly two years old, is tlieir only child. 
 
 Swan J. farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. Wiimebago. 
 
 SWAX MARCUS M. Merchant; 
 Winnebago; born in New Jersey, 
 Feb. 8, 1848; came to this Co. wilh his 
 parents in I860; commenced the mercan- 
 tile business in this village in 18ii8, with a 
 brother, the firm continuing about four 
 years; about 1872 Marcus bought out his 
 brother, and has been the only proprietor 
 ever since; with good business qualifica- 
 tions, fair and honorable dealing, he lias 
 won the confidence of all who know him; 
 
 35 
 
650 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY 1 
 
 keeps a full line in general goods, and has 
 the largest trade of any house in Winne- 
 bago; makes a specialty of Butter and 
 Eggs, shipping to all Eastern markets. 
 
 SWARTZ AMOS, Elida; Keeps the 
 only general store, and is Postmaster of 
 Elida, commonly known as Westlield ; 
 born in Perry Co., Pa., Dec. 25,1850 ; came 
 to this Co. in 1854; married Viola M. 
 Craig, Dec. 9, 1875; she was born in this 
 Co., July 7, 1852; Mr. Swartz keeps a good 
 assortment of goods of all kinds, which he 
 will sell to his customers as low as any 
 store in Rockford ; commenced business in 
 Nov., 1875. 
 
 Swenzey A. S. farm ; Sec.7 ; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 T 
 
 ANNER E. C. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 Taugher James. 
 
 Taylor J. H. laborer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 Taylor S.W. renter; Sec.20; P.O.Wimiebago. 
 Taylor Samuel, renter; Sec. 20; P. O. Win- 
 nebago. 
 Temple J. H. renter; Sec. 32; P. O. Elida. 
 Thorn A. C. carpenter; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 THORX HIRAM T. Dealer in Agri- 
 cultural Implements; Winnebago; born 
 in Taberg, Oneida Co., N. Y., Oct. 14, 
 1844; at the age of 11, he came with his 
 parents to this Co.; married Emma Ben- 
 ham, daughter of the distinguished A. J. 
 Benham, Aug. 22, 1875; she was born in 
 Hastings, Barry Co., Mich., Jan. 1, 1855; 
 Mr. Thorn enlisted in the 12th I. V. C, 
 in 1863, serving with honor until 1866; he 
 is actively engaged in the agricultural 
 ,'-^' implements trade, handling only first- 
 class goods and selling at reasonable 
 prices; he is a vocal and instrumental 
 musician, of no ordinary abilities, being a 
 leader of the Winnebago Silver Coruet 
 Band. 
 
 Tracy L. D. farmer; Sec. 9; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 Treadwell T. carpenter; P. O Winnebago. 
 
 TrittleF. C. U. S. detective; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 TWO AliFRED, Farmer; Sec. 19; 
 P. O. Winnebago; lives on his mother's 
 farm, Mrs. Mary A. Jones; born in Eng- 
 land, Jan. 11, 1850; came to this Co. in 
 1855, and is the oldest son of Joel Two, 
 one of the old settlers of this Co. ; mar- 
 ried Patience Kennedy; she was born in 
 Canada, June 1, 1857; Ural J. and Lyman 
 A. are their only children. 
 
 Two Samuel, mason ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 u 
 
 PDIKE DANIEL, laborer; P.O. Elida. 
 
 VanAI^STIXE JACOB O. Farm- 
 er; Sec. 5; P. O. Winnebago; born 
 in Montgomery Co., N. Y., April 6, 1814; 
 he was a descendant of an old line of 
 patriots, his father and their relatives help- 
 
 ing to defend our rights in the revolution- 
 ary war; at the age of 21, he left the 
 parental roof, having in the meantime 
 learned the carpenter's trade, with a stout 
 heart and willing hands as his capital, 
 working a portion of the time at his trade 
 and at boating on the Erie canal until the 
 year 1852, when he came to this Co., 
 residing in Burritt 15 years, and then 
 removing to his present location, where 
 he has beautified a home of 105 acres 
 land; married Margaret Coventry, July, 
 1843 ; she was born in Utica, N. Y., March 
 28, 1872; her father and brother have been 
 in the practice of medicine 100 consecu- 
 tive years, in Ulica, N. Y. ; have twelve 
 children; John, their oldest son, enlisted 
 in the 44th I. V. I., Aug., 1861, and was 
 killed at the battle of Stone River in 
 Dec, 1862. 
 
 VAlfSTO^" OAVID, Jr. Winne- 
 bago; of the firm of Prescott & Vanston; 
 Meat Market; he was born in Upper Can- 
 ada, March 25, 1884 ; came to this Co. with 
 his parents in 1853; mfuricd Emily J. 
 Hudson, March 30, 1871 ; she was born in 
 Sardlna, Orleans Co., N. Y., Oct. 37, 1832; 
 Mr. V. first settled in Seward Tp., where 
 he followed farming; about 3 years since 
 he bought an interest in the Market, and 
 the firm is doing a prosperous business. 
 
 VAI^STOlf SAMITEI., Farmer; Sec. 
 P.O.Winnebago; born in Dublin, Feb. 
 22. 1822; he is a son of Major Vanston, of 
 the English army ; at the age of 20 he came 
 to this country, sailing «2."« the Westlndias 
 and landed in New Orleans; not suited 
 here, he came to Peoria via St. Louis, 
 where he lived three years with Bishop 
 Chase; afterwards bought 80 acres land in 
 Stark Co. ; sold the same and came via La 
 Salle, 111., to this Co. in 1845 ; served in 
 the late war in the 45th I. V. I. ; was at the 
 bMttle of Shiloh when Gen. W. H. W. 
 Wallace was killed ; married Mary A. 
 Wallace, cousin of the above General ; 
 have adopted two children, Horace and 
 Lulu Allen ; the latter died 3 years ago. 
 
 WARNER EDWARD, renter; P. O. 
 Winnebago. 
 
 WARMER JOSEPH I>. Farmer; 
 Sec. 19; P.O. Winnebago; born in East 
 Harden, Middlesex Co., Canada; he came 
 to this Co. in 1843; built the first house in 
 the villatie of Winnebago, on the ground 
 where Lind's store now stands; was the 
 first station agent at Winnebago, holding 
 that oflice 13 j^ears; Saturdaj' nights he 
 would arrange seats in the station house 
 for a "handful of people" to hear the first 
 Methodist preacher in this town, Barton 
 Cartrieht; he at one time bought about 
 one-half of the land on which Winnebago 
 is now built; he still owns a good house 
 and lot in the village, and 80 acres ; he was 
 born May 15, 1811 ; raised a family of six 
 children, and grand-children and great- 
 
WINNEBAGO TOWNSHIP. 
 
 651 
 
 grand-children live to bless a pioneer of 
 this Co. 
 
 \¥ARE EDWIX, Fanner; Sec. 24; P. 
 O. Rockfbrd; born in Hancock, Hillsboro 
 Co., N. H., Jan. ;51, 1842; he came to this 
 Co. in March, 1876; married Agnes Mc- 
 Quatei's, Dec. 16, 1866; she was born in 
 TaritiVille, Conn., Jan. 6, 1845; WiuitYed 
 A. and Ernest E. are their only children; 
 Mr. Ware enlisted in the 13th N. H. V. I., 
 serving 3 years; his Kegt. planted the hrst 
 U. S. infantry flag in Richmond. 
 
 Watson F. A. farm lab; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 WATSO]^ CjJEO. Farmer; Sec. 29; 
 P. O. Winnebago; born in Yorkshire, 
 Eng., Jan. 14, 1821 ; came to this countrj' 
 in 1829; Congregationalist; owns 240 
 acres land, worth $17,000; lived in N. Y. 
 about 14 years, and otiier places about 6 
 years, when he moved to this Co. ; came 
 from Annsville, where he was married, to 
 111.; married Marie C. Tygert, Feb. 1, 
 1847 ; she was born in Montgomery Co., 
 N. Y., April 22, 1829; children are: James 
 W., W. Henry, Frank A., S. Jennie, G. 
 Lewis, Thos. B. A., Marion D., Erminie 
 E. ; Mr. W. owns one of the finest larms in 
 this section of country, and is beloved by 
 all who know him. 
 
 Watson Henry, farmer; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 Watson Jas. farmer ; P. O. Winnebago. 
 
 WEL.BOX SPE^^CER S. Farmer; 
 Sec. 23; P. O. Rockford; in 1885 Mr. Wel- 
 don came from Keene, N. H., with his 
 father, to Ottawa, La Salle Co., and 
 
 camped on Covel Creek, near that pioneer 
 settler of La Salle Co., Joseph Ebersol ; 
 the ne.xt summer he came with his father 
 to this Co., and has resided here ever 
 since; the old log house they l)uilt in 1830 
 is still standing, in a remarkal)le degree of 
 preservation; Mr. S. was born in Keene,N. 
 H., in 1825; married Agnes Kelly, April 
 26, 1854; she was born in Scotland, in 
 1825 ; they are among the oldest living res- 
 idents ot this Tp. 
 
 Wells K. L. farm; Sec. 16; P.O. Winnebago. 
 
 Winslow E.W. station agt; P.O.Winnebago. 
 
 WRAY SAMIJEI. T. Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 34; P. O. Elida; born 
 in Perry Co., Pa. ; came to this Co. in 1855 ; 
 owns ll)0 acres land, worth $5,000; Re- 
 publican; Presbyterian; married Martha 
 Scott, in 1871; she was born in Pa., in 
 1852; her father is an old settler of this 
 Co., and a physician ; have three children, 
 Clara B., David C. and Clarence. 
 
 WRltJHT WM. I.. Farmer; Sec. 27; 
 P. 0. Elida; born in Yorkshire, England, 
 July 14, 1826; owns 242 acres laud; came 
 to this Co. in 1845; resided in Ogle Co. 5 
 years, when he moved to the southern part 
 "of the State and lived there about 10 years ; 
 then he returned tothis Co. ; married 
 Christina Geiger, in 1853 ; she was born 
 June 5, 1834; Mr. Wright lived with his 
 father until he was 27 years old, when he 
 lett and worked by the month in Byron, 
 111.; from this he has risen to one of the 
 wealthiest farmers in the Co. 
 
652 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY CIKECTORYJ 
 
 ROCKTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 A DAMS DARIUS, retired; Rockton. 
 
 Adams Isaac, merchant; Rocklou. 
 
 Armatage John, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Asplaud George, renter; Rockton. 
 
 Asplaud James, speculator; Rockton. 
 
 Aspland James, Jr., laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Austm A. M. farmer; Sec.16; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 Austin E. M. book keeper; Rockton. 
 
 Austin H. larmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Austin W. W. farmer; Sec.16; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 AXE W. R. Maciiinist; Rockton; born 
 iu Engbiud, July 22, 1821; learned his 
 trade iu Sheffield, England; came to Prov- 
 idence, R. I., in 1842; worked at his trade 
 there 13 years; came to this town in 1866, 
 and in connection with Mr. Widdowson 
 erected a foundiy and machine shop, iu 
 1867 ; married Olive P.Marshall, in N.Y.,in 
 1848; she was born in Maine. 
 
 BACOX JOH^, Farmer; Sec. 31; 
 P. O Rockion; born in Frankfort, 
 Maine.on June 24,1803 ; moved to Dutchess 
 Co., N. Y., in 1836; lived there 4 years; 
 came to this Co. in 1840, and it has since 
 been his home; owns 240 acres land; mar- 
 ried Ermina Seaver, in N. Y., Aug. 1837; 
 she was born in Essex Co., N Y., in 1815 ; 
 died in this Co., May 27, 1863. 
 
 Baker Rufus, money ioaner; Rockton. 
 
 Baker Samuel, pamter; Rockton. 
 
 Baker William, blacksmith; Rockton. 
 
 Bartholomew O. F. tinsmith; Rockton. 
 
 Bartholomew S. tinsmith; Rockton. 
 
 Bater H. E. miller; Rockton. 
 
 Bates E. S. fiirmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Bellows Hiram, retired; Rockton. 
 
 Bentley Caleb, attorney at law ; Rockton. 
 
 BEXTLEY FREDERICK J. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Rockton; born in 
 Columbia Co., N. Y., June 22, 1822; came 
 to this Co. with his father and bi'Othei', in 
 1846; his father and brother died 2 years 
 afterwards iu Chicago, with cholera; Mr. 
 Bentley owns 200 acres land on Sec. 11, 
 40 acres on S#c. 9, 20 acres on Sec. 16; 
 married Sarah Crandall, in Berlin, N. Y., 
 Jan. 9, 1843 ; she was born in Berlin, N. Y., 
 Feb. 17, 1823; have four children, Mary 
 (now Mrs. C. A. Strickland), born in June, 
 1845; Alice li. (now Mrs. R. B. Meach), 
 June 26, 1849; Wm. Northrup, Nov. 2, 
 1852. 
 
 Bentley W. farmer; Sec.l2; P.O.Beloit. Wis. 
 
 Benton George, mail carrier ; Rockton. 
 
 Benton John, farmer; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Beeby W. S. mail carrier; Rockton. 
 
 Bingham Allen, retired; Rockton. 
 Bingham Robert, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 BLACK ED^^ARD, RairedFarmer ; 
 Rockton; born iu Ireland, March 5, 1844; 
 moved to this country with his parents 
 in 1855; came to this Co. in 1857, and.it 
 has since been his home; enlisted in 74th 
 Regt. I. V. I., Co. A, in Aug., 1862; was 
 promoted Second Sergeant for meritorious 
 services; was in battles of Stone River, 
 Murfeesboro, and all through to Atlanta; 
 was honorably discharged in June, 1865; 
 married Mary Chapman, in Rockford, 
 this Co., March 5, 1869; she was born in 
 this Co., July 13, 1845; they have three 
 children, Clara, bt)rn Feb. 5, 1870; Eugene, 
 Aug. 16, 1875 ; Frances, May 2, 1877. 
 
 Blake Amos, retired; Rockton. 
 
 Blake E. A. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Blish E. watchman; Rockton. 
 
 Bliss A. D. laborer; Rockion. 
 
 Blunt Thomas, farmer; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Boon Aaron, retired ; Rockford. 
 
 Boon C. E. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Boon Joseph, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Boon S. S. stage driver ; Rockton. 
 
 Bordman C. farmer; Sec. 31; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 Borthe A. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Brown Amos, renter; Sec.l9; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 Bryden Charles, cooper; Rockton. 
 
 Burk Andrew, contractor; Rockton. 
 
 Burns John, laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 Busher D. wheelwright; Rockton. 
 
 Butler D. S. lime kiln ; Rockton. 
 
 Butler Robert, works with father; Rockton. 
 
 n 
 
 c 
 
 VLVIN JOHN, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. 
 Rockton. 
 Cardell Edmon, retired; Rockton. 
 
 CARPENTER DAVID, Retired 
 Farmer; P. O. Rockton; born in Berk- 
 shire Co., Mass., March 15, 1808; came to 
 this Co. in 1836; owns 170 acres land; 
 was one of the tirst Jurors that were 
 selected in the Co.; was elected Super- 
 visor several years; has been President of 
 Board of Village Tiustees last 5 years; 
 has been Superintendent and Trustee oi 
 the Congregational Church 12 years; mar- 
 ried Miss Julia M. Pettiboue, in Saratoga 
 Co., N. Y., March 7, 1836; they came to 
 this place on their wedding tour; located 
 here, and it has since been their home; 
 Mrs. Carpenter was born in St. Lawrence 
 Co., N. Y., July 15, 1814. 
 
 CARPEIXTER JOHN H. Born in 
 Berkshire Co., Mass., May 19, 1797, and 
 graduated at Williams College, in 1824, 
 
KOOKTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 653 
 
 and at the Berkshire Medical College in 
 1837. Soon after, he with his brother, 
 George, purchased a hotel in Troy, N. Y., 
 where they located, George attending to 
 the affairs of the hotel and John H. prac- 
 ticing medicine. A few months later 
 their property was destroyed by fire, and 
 being only partially insured, involved 
 them in debt. The Doctor soon after 
 abandoned his profession, and becoming 
 a stockholder in "The Brattleboro Typo- 
 graph Co," of Vermont, engaged in sell- 
 ing one of their proposed works, "The 
 Comprehensive Commentary," which, 
 like most works of a similar nature, was 
 sold by subscription in advance of publi- 
 cation. In 183(5, he made a trip West, and 
 located a claim on Rock River at the 
 place now known as Rockton, and return- 
 ing East, resumed his labors, selling 
 "The Commentary." In this work he was 
 eminently successful, being instrumental 
 in putting into circulation five thousand 
 sets of "The CompreheusiveCommentary," 
 in five states, viz: Filteen hundred in 
 Mass. and Conn., about the same number 
 in Kentucky and Indiana, and two thou- 
 sand in Illinois. But the company who 
 proposed to publish the work failed, so he 
 was not made very rich by his efforts in 
 that direction. He next engaged for sev- 
 eral years in the agency of the American 
 Bible Socieiy, both in Wisconsin and 
 Illinois, although continuing to reside at 
 his old homestead in Rockton, where he 
 carried on tlie farm by proxy, never hav- 
 ing been married; has been a member of 
 the Congregational Church in Rockton 
 for some forty years, and a Deacon for 
 nineteen years, and has been a contributor 
 to most of the benevolent objects of the 
 day, and has been especially active in the 
 cause of temperance and antislavery, and 
 above all the support of true and genuine 
 Christianity, which requires us to do good 
 to all and evil to none. 
 
 Carpenter T. M. Rockton. 
 
 CAKR CALEB. Farmer; Sec. 11; P. 
 O. Beloit, Wis ; born in Columbia Co., 
 N. y., July 18, 1820; moved from tliere to 
 Mich., in 1842; lived there until 1852; 
 California two years; moved to Iowa in 
 in the spring of 185G; came from there to 
 this Co., in 18G0; owns 100 acres land; 
 married Cinderella Lewis, Oneida Co., 
 N. Y., Nov. 1, 1847; she was born in N. 
 Y., Nov. 6, 1820. 
 
 €ARK €HAS. E. Farmer; Sec. 10; 
 P. O. Beloit, Wis.; born in lona, May 
 27, 1857; cametotiiis Co. in 18G0; married 
 Miss Julia Sanders, in Beloit, Wis.. March 
 10, 1877 ; she was born in N. Y., May 24, 
 1856. 
 
 Case E. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Case Edwin, wagon maker; Rockton. 
 
 Chamberlin W. C. farmer; Sec, ^O; P. O. 
 Peloit, Wis, 
 
 Chamberlin J. F. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. 
 Beloit, Wis. 
 
 CHAPMAX FiDOM, Farmer and 
 Fruit Grower; Sees. 32 and 20; P. O. 
 Rockton, born in N. Y., Sept. 17, 1809; 
 moved to Michigan in 1838; lived there 8 
 years; moved back to N. Y. ; stayed there 
 8 months; came to this Co. in 1842; has 
 held various township ofiices; owns 162 
 acres land; there are 1,200 apple trees on 
 it; many of them are bearing; first wife 
 was Gertrude Jones ; they wen; married 
 in Michigan ; present wife was Mary Wal- 
 lace ; they were married in Janesvi]le,Wis. 
 
 Chapman Edom, Jr., renter; Sec. 33; P. O. 
 Rockton. 
 
 Chapman H. renter; Sec. 33; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 CHASE J. E. Farmer; Sec. 26; P.O. 
 Rockton; born in Franklin Co., N. Y., 
 Dec. 25, 1830; came to this Co. in 1845; 
 has been School Director 9 years; first 
 wife was Jane Newton ; present wife was 
 Matilda Jane Vandenburg; they were mar- 
 ried in Clinton, Iowa; she was born in 
 Canada. 
 
 CHEXEY O. A. Farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. 
 Beloit, Wis.; born in Erie Co., N. Y., 
 April 6, 1833; moved with his parents to 
 Rock Co., Wis., in the fall of 1841; here 
 he learned the carriage trade; in 1856 he 
 entered the Milton Academy; stayed there 
 2 years; taught school from time of leav- 
 ing until 1861, when he enlisted in 18th 
 Wis. Regt., Co. H, V. I.; served 8 years 
 and 3 months; was honorably diseharu^ed ; 
 returned home; was admitted to the Wis- 
 consin and Iowa Bar in 1866, and prac- 
 ticed law several years; in 1869 he pur- 
 chased the Boone County Advertiser, and 
 under his management it became one of 
 the most vigorous of the Repul)lican pa- 
 pers in the Stale of Iowa, in advocating 
 the election of Gen. U. S. Grant for Presi- 
 dent of tiie United States; he sold ihis 
 office in 1878; in 1872 he purchased half 
 interest in town site of Rock Rajiids, la.; 
 bought an office and pulilished \hc Rock 
 Rapids Iteviein; in this \y.\\\vY he strongly 
 advocated the re-election of Grant; he has 
 ever been an earnest worker in the Reimb- 
 lican party, and opiiosed to all laws favor- 
 ing human bondage, and has on several 
 occasions stumped different parts of the 
 Stale of Iowa ui behalf of the i)arty that 
 carried us safely through lo victory in tlie 
 dark night of war; he was honored with 
 various offices of trust during his residence 
 in that Slate; he married Miss Nellie M. 
 Sa.xe, in Janesville, Wis., Dec. 6J864; 
 she was born in Greene Co., N. Y., Oct. 
 7, 1839. 
 
 Clark C. C. miller; Rockton. 
 
 Clark E. N. farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. Beloit,Wis. 
 
 Clark John, miller; Rockton. 
 
 Clark Pat. retired; Rockton. 
 
 Clover Cliarles, prop, meat market; Jiocktop. 
 
654 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 CI^OVER JOHX 1. Proprietor Meat 
 Market; Rockton; born in En<?land, Jan 
 31, 1839; moved to this Co. witli his pa- 
 rents in 1844; married Emily Shores, in 
 Beloit, Wis., Oct. 2, 1862; she was born 
 April 5, 1841 ; Mr. Clover's father, John 
 Clover, came to this Co. in 1844; was one 
 ot the principal contractors in the build- 
 ing of the N. W. R. R. ; also one of the 
 contractors in the building of the W. U. 
 R. R. 
 
 CoanixH. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Cochran E. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Collor Abram, wagon maker; Rockton. 
 
 Collor Wm. B. works in grist mill ; Rockton. 
 
 ColyerEd. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Comstock Chas. mail agent; Rockton. 
 
 Comstock Joseph, laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 Comstock N. R. barber; Rockton 
 
 ^ff^-l^^'^^'K R. H. Farmer; Sec. 26; 
 P. O. Rockton ; born in Middlesex Co 
 Conn., June 14, 1815; learned trade of car- 
 penter and joiner; when a boy, helped 
 build the first depot in Ann Arbor, Mich • 
 drove from there to this place with ox 
 team in 1839; made the trip in 14 days- 
 helped build the first house put up on 
 Randolph street, Chicago ; also worked on 
 the first warehouse built in Morris 111 
 owns 89 acres land; married Hannah Hor 
 ton in Morris, this State, Jan. 10 1848 
 she was born in Jefferson Co., Ind., March 
 «1, 1828. 
 
 Comstock W. W. book-keeper; Rockton. 
 Conklin H. W. farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P.O.Rockton. 
 Coons T. M. retired ; Rockton. 
 Cooper J. C. retired ; Rockton. 
 Cotteral Pat. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 COWE^ JTAHES S. Merchant ; Rock- 
 ton ; born in Canada West, Dec. 15 1835 • 
 came to this Co. in 1848; enlisted in 74th 
 Regt., I. V. I., Co. A; was commissioned 
 Second Lieutenant of Co. A, 74th Regt., 
 March .2, 1863; was commisssioned First 
 Lieutenant, Nov. 16, 1864; the rank of 
 Captain by brevet was conferred on him 
 April 20, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
 service at the battles of Stone River Mis 
 sion Ridge. Franklin and Nashville, tenn., 
 and in the Atlanta campaign; has been 
 married twice; present wife was Sarah M 
 Lester. 
 
 Cowan Wm. merchant; Rockton. 
 Cowles J. W. prop, mills ; Rockton.v 
 Crawford C. M. blacksmith; Rockton. 
 Crawford J. J. teamster ; Rockton. 
 Crawford W. P. gardener; P. O. Rockton. 
 Crimmins J. C. carriage trimmer; Rockton 
 Cristin Wm. laborer; Rockton. 
 Crittenden L. retired ; Rockton. 
 Crosby Jas. works in paper mill ; Rockton. 
 Cumings Ira, mail carrier; Rockton, 
 
 Curry John, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 D 
 
 ARLIN E. O. mechanic: Rockton. 
 
 Davis E. J. carpenter and joiner; Rockton. 
 Davy M. laborer; Rockton. 
 Deen J. W. retired ; Rockton. 
 Dewey H. D. laborer; Rockton. 
 Dickinson T. broom-maker; Rockton. 
 Dickinson Wells, broom-maker; Rockton. 
 Dougherty Jas. J. paper-maker; Rockton 
 
 BOIJGLASS JAMES X. Sexton; 
 Rockton; born in Jefterson Co., N Y 
 March 11, 1834; moved with his parents 
 to Kaine, Wis.; lived there ten years; 
 came to this Co. in 1853; married Miss 
 Veness, in Beloit, Wis., Jan. 25, 1854; she 
 was born in England, and came to this Co 
 with her parents in 1839. 
 
 Doyle John, laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 Dresser Frederick, retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Druynois J. E. retired farmer; Rockton. 
 
 ELLIS GEORGE, proprietor blacksmith 
 shop; Rockton. 
 
 Enos— , retired; Rockton. 
 
 Enos L. G. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Enos S. C. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Erkenback James, miller; Rockton. 
 
 FACKERILL HENRY, laborer; Rock- 
 ton. 
 
 Fackerill H. C. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 FAIRCHIJLDS DAIlflEL, Farmer; 
 P. O. Rockton ; born in this town, Feb. 4 
 1848; married Miss Diema Springer in 
 Beloit, Wis., Feb. 11, 1863; she was born 
 in Hancock Co., Maine, June 12, 1852- 
 Mr. Fairchilds' father, Daniel Fairchilds' 
 Sr., settled in this Co. in 1830. 
 
 Fairchilds E. farm; S. 14; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Fairchilds H. farmer; Sec. 14; P.O.Rockton. 
 
 FAIRCHILD tEWIS, Farmer; 
 Sec. 14; P. O. Rockton; born in St. Law- 
 rence Co., N. Y., Aug. 7, 1825 ; came from 
 there to Beloit, Wis., in 1855; thence to 
 Winnebago Co., in 1860 ; owns 236 acres 
 land; is School Director; married Miss 
 Lucinda Hurd, in St.Lawrence Co., N. Y 
 Oct. 10, 1847; she was born in Jefferson 
 Co., N. Y., in October, 1824; have four 
 children: Melvin, born July 12, 1848- 
 Emma, Jan. 1, 1850; Henry, Nov 23 
 1852; Mary, Dec. 12, 1857, died Sept. 4,' 
 1877; Alice, Oct. 16, 1865; his oldest son 
 Melvin, enlisted in 43d Wis. Inf., Co. G., 
 re-enlisted in September, 1864; was hon- 
 orably discharged in June, 1865. 
 
 Farmer H. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 FARMER WirtlAM, Farmer; 
 Sec. 25; P. O. Rockton; born in this town 
 July 14, 1843; married Miss Alma Mar- 
 tin; she was born in Vermont; Mr. 
 
ROCKTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 655 
 
 Farmer has been Road Commissioner a 
 number of years; owns 140 acres land. 
 Favor O. rents farm; Sec. 24; P.O. Rockton. 
 Feakius George, miller; Rockton. 
 
 FI>ETCHER B. F. Millwright; P.O. 
 Rockton; born in Caledonia Co., Vt., 
 June 21, 1812; he helped manufacture the 
 first pair of Fairbanks Scales that were 
 made; has worked manufacturing them 
 several years in St. Jonesburg, Vt., and 
 Canada, and has sold them in a number 
 of the Western and Southern States; he 
 also built and fitted machinery in several 
 of the first mills put up in this Co. 
 
 Forester Chester, gunsmith ; Rockton. 
 
 Forester E. J. Yankee notions peddler; 
 Rockton. 
 
 Forester Judson, peddler ; Rockton. 
 
 Forward George, teamster ; Rockton. 
 
 Forward Jonah, butcher ; Rockton. 
 
 Forward William, teamster ; Rockton. 
 
 Freed H. B. machme tender in paper mill 
 
 acres land; enlisted in 30th N. Y. I. V. I., 
 Co H in June, 1861; was honorably dis- 
 charged in 1863; was in several battles 
 and skirmishes; married Clara E. Farns- 
 worth, in Beloit, Wis., Jan. 21, 1867; she 
 was born in Eaton, Canada, Sept. 27,18.32; 
 have had three children : Walter Thomas, 
 born July 24, 1871 ; Nettie Clara Oct 27 
 1874; Stephen Henry, June 11, 1808, cliecl 
 June 21, 1868. 
 Green Jas. laborer; Rockton. 
 Greenley M. P. laborer; Rockton. 
 Gridley J. C. retired; Rockton. 
 ORliPFITH JNO. Farmer; Sec. 26^; 
 P O. Rockton; born in Wales, Jan. 4 
 1816- came to Cincinnati in 1836; went 
 from there to St. Louis; lived there three 
 years; came to this Co. in 1840; owns 230 
 acres land; married Miss Catherine Web- 
 ber, in this town, March 1, I860; she was 
 born in England. 
 Griffitch W. farm; Sec. .8; P. O. Shirland. 
 Groat Henry, carpenter; Rockton. 
 
 G 
 
 . X. w TTANAWAY JAS. fireman; Rockton. 
 
 AGON JOHN, farmer; P.O. Rockton. JJAWAWivi 
 
 Gammon Roscoe, propr meat mkt; Rockton. 
 Gammon T. W. laborer. 
 Gaton George, farmer; S. 7; P. O. Rockton. 
 Gates B. B. miller; Rockton. 
 Gavin John, laborer ; Rockton. 
 Glazier Henry, laborer ; Rockton. 
 Gleaseman F. farm; Sec. 22; P. O. Rockton. 
 Gleaseman J. farm; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rockton. 
 Gleaseman V. farm; Sec. 22; P.O.Rockton. 
 Glover Thomas, painter; P. 0. Rockton. 
 Goodwin A. P. retired farmer; Rockton. 
 Graham Henry, farm; S. 32; P. O. Rockton. 
 GRAHA!fI HENRY, Farmer ; Sec. 
 2- P O Rockton; born in Penn., Dec. 20, 
 1823 • learned the trade of mason there, 
 and worked at it a number of years in 
 Pittsburg, New Orleans, and Cincinnati; 
 came to^Beloit, Wis., in 1845; lived there 
 seven years; he then came to this Co 
 which has since been his bome: owns 200 
 acres laud; has heid various oflices; hrst 
 wife was Melissa Shurtlefl-. they ^^i-e 
 married in JanesviUe, Wis m 18o0; she 
 was born in Canada, in 1830 died in 
 1856; married present wife (maiden name 
 Ellen F(.ster) in Edwardsburg M.ch , n 
 1858- she was born in Huron Co onio. 
 Much 8 1831; Mr. Graham had tlu^^^^ 
 brothers in the army, one ot whom was 
 killed at the battle of Fort Donelson. 
 Gray Robt. farmer; P. 0. Rockton. 
 Graves E. L. retired ; Rockton. 
 Graves H. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Harper David, laborer ; Rockton 
 Harper Thos. miscellaneous ; Rockton. 
 Hart A. T. laborer; Rockton. 
 Hays Pat. mechanic ; Rockton. 
 Haywood — , merchant; Rockton. 
 Heath W. H. mechanic ; Rockton. 
 Hennesey Michael, laborer ; Rockton. 
 ui?r'RI«~'K: \ B. Farmer; Sec. 27; 
 "1^? Ro'c^^ton; bom 'in Jeff-erson Co., N. 
 Y April 26, 1820; came to this Co. in 
 1845 • owns 210 acres land; married Lydia 
 Ann Young, in Rockton, in 1846; she was 
 born in Bufi^alo, N. Y., in 1828. 
 Herrick Chas. farmer; Sec. 27; P.O^Ogle. 
 Herrick P. M. farm; Sec. 27; P. O. Rockton. 
 HERSEY S^M»UEL, Fnmjer; Sec. 
 7 • P 0. Rockton : born in O^foul '-.o., me., 
 Tnlv 27 1814; came to this Co. in May, 
 §• 8 -owns 80 acres land; first wile was 
 Hannah Cole ; they were -ar"- ^.J, J''^^' 
 fipnt 2 1842; she was born in ^^^'<' ".'"0•' 
 K thTdied April 20, 1853 . h.|d t^^ 
 
 ^^^'^S^"De;^Tl^43"hf^lS 
 't"" a S' in 0th IV. C, Co. I; was 
 Sed' n ii^f Campbellville Tenn 
 ^ov 24 1864; Henry Osgood born i 
 Ston, Oct. 25, 1847; the third son ched 
 
 S^^^^&rtir^nV"^ 
 
 iviarcu '±, ' Arthur, born April 1<, 
 
 7. 18S7-, Mary Emma, Aug. 23, I860. ">'• 
 riet Adaline, June W"*' 
 
656 
 
 I 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIEECTOEY: 
 
 Hewitt F. J. mechanic; Rocliton. 
 
 Hickey Jas. farmer; Sec. 5; F. O. Shirland 
 
 Hicks W. G. renter; Sec. U; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Hill B. B. gunsmitli; Rockton. 
 
 Hipwell W. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Hollenbeck G. cooper and mason; Rockton. 
 
 ■'^' fJ^,""^*^"* <^EO. H. born in 
 Marshtield, Washington Co., Vt.. Dec. 13, 
 18^-i, where he remained till 1850 when 
 he removed to Rockton, Winnebago Co., 
 111., where he has since resided; was 
 elected Supervisor of Rockton for four 
 consecutive years; held the office of Post- 
 niasterfor seven years; has held the office 
 ot lownJiip Treasurer of School Fund 
 for 16 years; in July, 1875, was appointed 
 State Commissioner of Public Charities 
 ^L>^^^\ Beveridge, which he held till 
 1877, when he resigned, being elected a 
 member of the State Legislature which 
 position he still occupies; Mr. H.'s princi- 
 pal business has been farming ?? and 
 Real Estate; married Miss Elizabeth H 
 Pettibone, in 1853, wlio died Sept. 20 
 1860, leaving one son. Harry L. ; married 
 Miss Fannie E. Hooker, Dec. 11 1861- 
 have four children: Willie C, born Nov' 
 18, 1862; Fred, Aug. 21, 1865; Mary B., 
 Jan. 29, 1871 ; Fannie, Sept. 11, 1873. 
 
 Holmes T. S. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 HOOKER DR. HARI.EY, (De- 
 ceased), whose portrait appears in this 
 work, was born in Hartford, Conn., Dec. 9 
 1792, being descended in direct lin/froni 
 Rev. Thos. Hooker. He earlv selected 
 the study of medicine, and thoroughly and 
 devotedly fitted himself to practice this 
 profession. Located, when a young man 
 at Syracuse. In Feb., 1827, he was united 
 in marriage to Miss Mary Beardslee, of 
 Auburn, INT. Y., where he afterwards re- 
 sided until in 1839, when he removed to 
 the "far west," intending to locate in Mar- 
 shall, Mich. On his arrival there, the 
 cholera was sweeping off the inhabitants 
 ot that place at a fearful rate. He dared 
 not stop with his young family, and so 
 pushed on toward the setting sun. Provi- 
 dcnce directed his steps to Rockton Win- 
 nebago Co., 111., (then called Pecatonica) 
 bearing a letter of introduction to Deacon 
 Pettibone. Here he located and remained 
 till his death, which occurred March 16 
 1867,_aged 74 years. Dr. Hooker was a 
 physician of extensive and successful prac- 
 tice, widely known and greatly respected. 
 He was a man of strong religious princi- 
 pies, a devout and consistent member of 
 the Congregational Church, and in his 
 practice as a physician and in his private 
 walks of life, he ever adorned his Chris- 
 tian profession. Six children were horn 
 to him: Wm. Chellis, born Sept. 13, 1828; 
 Jas Hart, June 23, 1830, died in Sacramen' 
 to, Cal., Julv 15. 1874; Edward Payson,' 
 Sept. 1, 1831; Mary J. L., A.ug, 89, 1833; 
 
 Geo. Rudd, Sept. 24, 1835, died in Rock- 
 ton, Aug. 18, 1874; Frances E., Sept. 13, 
 1838. He lived to see his sous and daugh- 
 ters attain to man and womanhood, occu- 
 pying honorable positions in society, ilkis- 
 trating the value of wise and virtuous par- 
 ental precept and example. 
 
 Howard Jos. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Howard Michael, Rockton. 
 
 Hudson David, blacksmith; Rockton. 
 
 Hudson J.W.blacksmith and larm ; Rockton. 
 
 Huff J. A. laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 Hughs John, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Hugins G. carpenter; Rockton. 
 
 Humphrey J. H. merchant; Rockton. 
 
 Hunt Robt. laborer; Roclcton. 
 
 Hunt W. J. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Hutchinson David, farmer; Rockton. 
 
 TACKMANP. D. farmer; Sec. 18; P.O. 
 U Rockton. 
 
 James E. J. farmer; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Jeffres A. laborer; Sec. 32; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 JEXISO:!' S. P. Farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. 
 Rockton; born in Wyoming Co., N Y 
 March 2, 1835; owns 197 acres land in 
 Wis.; enlisted in 6th JNT. Y. V. C, Oct. 
 16, 1861; was promoted Corporal;' was 
 honorably discharged in June, 1865; was 
 in battles of Chancellorville, Gettysburg, 
 South Mountain, Smilhfield, and others; 
 was wounded in skirmish at Deep Bottom^ 
 on Junes river; married Annie A. Davi- 
 son, in N. Y., March 6, 1856 ; she was born 
 in K Y., June 28, 1836; have one child 
 living, Hathalia E., born in N. Y., Julv 6 
 1859. ^ ' 
 
 Jessup C. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 JESSITP fSIIiAIS, Farmer; Sec. 9; 
 P. O. Rockton; born in N. Y., May 23, 
 1813; came to Ogle Co., this State, in 1842'; 
 came to this Co. in 1857; owns 200 acres 
 land; married Mary Calender, in Buffalo, 
 N. Y., Aug. 25. 1843 ; she was born in N. 
 Y., April 25, 1814; have two children liv- 
 ing: Mary, born Sept. 6, 1845; Calender, 
 April 25, 1850; lost two, Elizabeth and 
 Henry. 
 
 Jinkens J. H. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Jinkens Seth L. foreman sorting room; 
 Rockton. 
 
 Johnscm D. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Shirland. 
 Johnson E. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Shirland. 
 Johnson Jas. fixrmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Rockton. 
 Johnson Wm. farmer; Sec. 9; P.O.Rockton. 
 Jones A. C. laborer ; Rockton. 
 Jones H. B. retired farm ; Sec. 16 ; Rockton. 
 
 K 
 
 EELEY PHILLIP, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 KELtEY R. B. Farmer; Sec. 10; P. 
 0. Beloit, Wis. ; born ia Saratoga Co., N, 
 
ROOKTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 667 
 
 Y., in 1816; moved from there to Iowa in 
 1850; lived there ten years; was in Quar- 
 termaster's Department, in the service of 
 the Government, four years; went to Wis- 
 consin in 180.) ; lived there until 1874, 
 when he came to tliis Co.; married Maria 
 Perry, in New York, in 1839; she was 
 born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1823; Mr. 
 Kelley owns 80 acres land. 
 
 Kimball J. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Kincade L. A. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Kincade N. B. restaurant and bakery; Rock- 
 ton. 
 
 Kinsley E. blacksmith ; Rockton. 
 
 Kinsley William, blacksmith; Rockton. 
 
 KIPP DAVID G. Farmer; Sec. 28; 
 P. O. Rocktcm; born in Greene Co., N. Y., 
 Nov. 22, 1838; came to this Co. in I860; 
 enlisted in 74th I. V. I., Co. B, in Septem- 
 ber, 1862; honorably discharged in 1805; 
 was in battles of Stone River, Mission 
 Ridge, Kenesaw, and others ; was severely 
 wounded in left arm, left leg and head in 
 the battle of Kenesaw. 
 
 LAKE V. A. Grain and Coal Dealer; 
 Rockton; born in Canada, Feb.9, 1824; 
 
 came to this Co. in 1843; has held various 
 
 township offices; married Miss S. M. 
 
 Taft, in Wisconsin, Oct. 25, 1850; she was 
 . born in Ohio, Feb. 20, 1826; she moved 
 
 with her parents to this Co. in 1836. 
 Lally John, Rockton. 
 
 Lamb Chas. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Shirland. 
 Lamb D. C. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Rockton. 
 Lappin Martin, retired ; Rockton. 
 Lawrence Luther, retired ; Rockton. 
 Lawshe Wm. propr New England House, 
 
 R()ckt(m. 
 Lynch Thos. farm; Sec. 35; P. O. Rockton. 
 Lyon J. G. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 M 
 
 cCARTHY FLORENCE, Rockton. 
 
 McConnel J. C. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 McCue Michael, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 McDonald James, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 McGrath E. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 McKay J. R. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 McKay W. W. speculator; Rockton. 
 
 lIcLARO:^ DIJXCAN, Farmer; Sec. 
 20; P. O. Rockton; born in Pertshire, 
 Scotland, in 1847; came to this State in 
 1860; to this Co. in the spring of 1877; 
 married Jennie Millinie, in Rockford; 
 she was born in Scotland. 
 
 McMickin Jas. laborer; S. 34; P.O.Rockton. 
 
 Magilton William, retired; Rockton. 
 
 Maher James, mechanic; Rockton. 
 
 Mallums Robert, cooper; Rockton. 
 
 Manchester Thomas, agent ; Rockton. 
 
 Mannard T. farmer; P. 0. Rockton. 
 
 Manning C. D. retired; Rockton. 
 
 MAXXIl^G €. I.. K. Harness Maker; 
 Rockton; born m Oniarlo, Canada, Feb. 
 19, 1821; came to this Co. in 1848; holds 
 the office of Justice of the Peace, and lias 
 been School Director seven years; mar- 
 ried Miss Jane Baker, in Ontario, Canada; 
 she was born in St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. ; 
 had one son (Chas. Dewey Manning.) in 
 the army; he enlisted in the 9th L V . C. 
 in 1802." 
 
 Manning F. R. harness maker. 
 
 MARTIX C. B. Farmer; P. O. Rock- 
 ton; born in Washington Co., Vermont, 
 July 18, 1832; came to this Co. in 1851; 
 has been Town Collector and Constable 
 lor the last fourteen years; has been 
 Deputy Sheriff five years; mai'ried Miss 
 Mary C. Cardell, in this town and Co., in 
 October, 1855; she was born in Washing- 
 ton Co., Vermont, in 1854. 
 
 MARTIX EDU^IX, Farmer; P. O. 
 Rockton; born in AVashington Co., Ver- 
 mont, April 25, 1821; came to this Co. in 
 1851 ; owns 150 acres land, on Sees. 19, 5, 
 and 29; owns one block of town property; 
 nas been School Director several terms; 
 married Miss Caroline B. Wheeler, in Vt., 
 Jan. 1, 1846 ; she was born in Vermont, 
 July 2, 1827. 
 
 Martin G. W. clerk; Rockton. 
 
 Martin E. W. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Maxon — , laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 Maxon A. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Maxon A. B. laborer. 
 
 MEE€H RICHARD B. Farmer; 
 Sec. 16; P.O.Rockton; born in Canada, 
 Jan. 2, 1840; came to this Co. in 1857; 
 owns 160 Jicros land; married Alice H. 
 Bentley, in Beloit, Wis., Jan. 20, 1869; she 
 was born in Ro(;ktnn, Jan. 26, 1849; have 
 two (children, Freddie Arthur, born Aug. 
 22, 1871; Nellie, Oct. 4, 1876. 
 
 Merrill F. W. merchant; Rockton. 
 
 MERRILL, J. A. Telegraph Opera- 
 tor; Rockton; born in this town and Co., 
 Nov. 6, 1857; his father, F.W.Merrill, 
 came to this Co. in 1843; is engai'cd in 
 the mercantile business; he married Miss 
 Harriet S. Hollisler, in Grafton Co., N. 
 H., Aug. 20, 1844; she was born in N. H., 
 March'Sl, 1825. 
 
 Merrill William, clerk; liockton. 
 
 HfERRITT J. B. Superintendent of 
 the Winnebago Paper Mill : Rockton ; 
 was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., Dec 27, 
 1830; came to this Co. in 1857; is Super- 
 visor; this is the third term thai he has 
 represented his town in tlie Co. Board; 
 has held various other ofliccs; married 
 Miss Frances E. Mellen. in the town of 
 Roscoe, this Co. ; she was born in N. Y. 
 
 Miller Geo. renter; Sec. 23; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Miller Lewis, farmer ; Rockton. 
 
658 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIEEOTORY: 
 
 Miller M. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Rockton. 1 
 Miller M. M. renter; Sec. 18; P.O. Rocktoa. 
 Miller R. C. renter; Sec. 22; P. O. Rockton. 
 Mills Wm. retired; Rockton. 
 MofFatt G. E. renter; Sec. 34; P.O. Rockton. 
 Moffatt G. N. renter; Sec. 34; P.O. Rockton. 
 Moffalt R. N. renter; Sec.34; P. O. Rockton. 
 Montarne K. D. L. merchant; Rockton. 
 
 MOODY EDJHUKD W. Farmer 
 and Stock Raiser; Sec. 21; P.O. Rockton: 
 born in Niagara Co., N. Y., Oct. 1, 1830; 
 moved with his parents to Racme, Wis., 
 in 1847; came from there to this Co. in 
 1850; owns 250 acres land; married Char- 
 lotte M. Fader, in town of Owen, this Co., 
 April 3, 1856; she was born in Canada, in 
 1835. 
 
 Moody S. C. fiirraer; Sec. 7; P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Moran John, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 More Jas. laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 Morgan Josiah, laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 Morril E. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Morrison Michael, section boss; Rockton. 
 
 MORSE JOHN, Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 10; P.O. Rockton; born in 
 Maine, April 25, 1826; came to this Co. 
 with his parents in 1838; owns 350 acres 
 land; Mr. Morse was among the first set- 
 tlers in this Tp. 
 
 MORSE li. B. Farmer aad Stock Rais- 
 er; Sec. 11; P.O. Beloit, Wis.; born in 
 Lewis Co., N. Y., July 26, 1831; moved 
 from there to Rock Co., Wis., in 1856; 
 lived there two years; thence to Winneba- 
 go Co., Wis. ; lived there ten years ; thence 
 to this Co. in 1858; owns 225 acres land ; 
 married Marietta Carter, in Lewis Co., N. 
 Y., July 7, 1855; she was born in Lewis 
 Co., N. v., Jan. 15, 1836; have four chil- 
 dren: Cordon L., born March 11, 1859; 
 Sarah, March 17, 1861; Frank, Feb. 7, 
 1864; Iva Nellie, July 7, 1868. 
 
 Morse Philip, painter; Rockton. 
 
 MOSS CHAS. Farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. 
 Rockt'.n; born in Troy, N. Y., Sept. 20, 
 1842; moved with his parents to this Co. 
 in 1852; went to Cal. in 1863; lived there 
 until the spring of 1868, when he returned ; 
 married Viola Smith, in N. Y. city, in 
 the fall of 18G8; she was born in this Co., 
 in 1845; his father, Wm. Moss, was born 
 in England; came to N. Y. at an early 
 age, and married Betsey Bates, in Troy, 
 N. Y. ; she was l)orn in Warren Co., N. Y. 
 
 MYROX THOS. Carpenter and Farm- 
 er: Sec. 15; P. O. Rocktoa; born in Berk- 
 shire Co., Mass., Feb. 18, 1837; moved to 
 this Co. with his parents in 1854; owns 80 
 acres land; first wife was Ida L. Hum- 
 phrey; they were married in Beloit, Wis.; 
 she was born in Beloit, in 1854; died Aug. 
 2,1874; had one child by this marriage, 
 Maude Ida, born July 27, 1874; present 
 
 wife was Sophia Leavitt Martin; they 
 were married in Rockton, June 20, 1877 ; 
 she was born in Washington Co. Vt., June 
 
 16, 1857 ; Mr. Carpenter's father, Thos. Car- 
 penter, was born in Williamstown, Mass., 
 April 13, 1801; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 married Ann Graves, in N. Y., Feb. 12, 
 1829; she was born in N. Y., June 13, 
 1799; he died in this town, Jan. 20, 1874. 
 
 IVTEWELL D. peddler; Rockton. 
 
 Newell Jason, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 XEWTO:^ AI^AXSOIIf S. (De- 
 ceased;) born in Windsor, Windsor Co., 
 Vt. Aug. 1, 1795; died July 4, 1877; came 
 to Beloit, Wis., in 1844, and to Rockton, 
 Winnebago Co., 111., in 1848, where he 
 has since resided ; married Miss Polly 
 Prentice, May 3, 1818; she died Dec. 5, 
 1830; married Miss Eunice Palmer, July 
 
 17, 1831 ; she died in April, 1877; has had 
 seven children : Leonard H., born July 1, 
 1821; Mary A., March 15, 1825; Polly J., 
 Sept. 3, 1829; Chas. A., April 28, 1832; 
 Albert S., May 36, 1834 ; Hiram P., Jan. 
 25, 1837; Chauncey D., Sept. 17, 1841; 
 Miss Mary Coyle has been as one of the 
 family since she was ]4j'ears old, and was 
 regarded as an heir to the estate in its final 
 settlement by will ; Mr. Newton was an 
 honored and upright man, and held ill 
 high esteem by all who knew him, as a 
 model of consistency ; he had been a mem- 
 ber of the Masonic fraternity for over 60 
 years. 
 
 IlfEWTON CHAUNCEY D. Pro 
 
 fessor of Penmanship; Rockton; born in 
 N. Y., Sept. 17, 1841 ; came to this Co. 
 with his parents in 1846; married MLss 
 Mary E. Towne, in Mich., Feb. 27, 1867; 
 she was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., Sept. 
 22, 1848. 
 Northrup H. S. butcher; Rockton. 
 
 o 
 
 RR R. C. machine tender in paper mill. 
 
 Osborn Henry, mechanic; Rockton. 
 OsbornR. C. mechanic; Rockton. 
 Osgood S. W. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 TDADFIELD E. retired; Rockton. 
 
 PACKARD W. F. Carpenter and 
 Builder; Rockton; born in Portland, Me., 
 July 31, 1821; came to this Co. in 1838; 
 located in this town, and it has since been 
 his home; he has been Constable 6 years; 
 married Miss Julia Adams, in this town, 
 Jan. 1,1852; she was born in Tompkins 
 Co., N. Y., Sept. 13, 1824; Mrs. Packard's 
 father, the Rev. Wm. Adams, was born in 
 Norwich, Conn.; he married Sophia C. 
 Farnsworth, in Madison Co., N. Y. ; she 
 was born in Berkshire Co., Mass.; they 
 came to this Co. in 1837. 
 
ROOKTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 659 
 
 Patton M. H. fanner; Sec. 25; P. O. Roscoc. 
 
 PECK O. D. Farmer and Stock Deal- 
 er; Sec. 1); P. O. Rockton; born in N. Y., 
 Feb. 5, 1841 ; came to this State in 1867 ; 
 to this Co. in 1868; owns 100 acres hmd; 
 married Anna White, in RocliesterCo., N. 
 Y., Oct. 22, 1864; slie was born in N. Y., 
 Feb. 18, 1845; iiave tive children: Asa, 
 born July 31, 1865; Willie, Sept. 16, 1866; 
 Jeunie Estelle, Nov. 27, 1868; Carrie, 
 March 18, 1873, died Aui?. 19, 1874; Frank 
 H., June 2, 1874; Cora May, Jan. 27, 1876. 
 
 Pennock H. machine tender paper mill; 
 Rockton. 
 
 Peper Jas. mechanic; Rockton. 
 
 PJETTIBO:Sf E CHAITXCEY, 
 
 Rockton; Foreman in Lumber Yard of 
 Peeter & Keeler, of Beloit, Wis. 
 
 PHEL.PS W. A. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 17; P. O. Rockton; born in 
 Allegany (now Wyoming) Co., N. Y., 
 April 6, 1825; came to this Co. in 1849; 
 owns 480 acres laud ; has held offices of 
 Commissioner of Highways and School 
 Director for a number of years ; is a mem- 
 ber of Methodist Episcopal Church; has 
 held the position of Class Leader, Trustee 
 and Sabbath-school Superintendent; mer- 
 ried Miss Mary Jane Lippitt, in Crawford 
 Co., Penn., Jan. 13, 1858; she was born in 
 Allegany Co., N.Y., Sept. 2, 1822; have 
 seven children living, one dead; Byron 
 Wesley, born in N. Y. ; Mary P., now 
 Mrs. Miller, born in this Co.; Willie H., 
 Carrie, Hattie Estella, Geo. Harvey, and 
 Rosa Luella, all in this Co. 
 
 Phillips Benj. farmer; Sec.32; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 Pohl Fred, mechanic ; Rockton. 
 
 Pomeroy S. A. renter; Sec.28; P.O.Rockton. 
 
 POWEIiTi E. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 17; P. O. Shirland; born in 
 Stark Co., Ohio, Feb. 15, 1839; came to 
 this Co. in 1865; owns 153 acres land; en- 
 listed in the 115th Ohio Vol. Inf, Co. I, 
 Aug. 15, 1862; was in the battle of Mur- 
 freesboro ; served on detatched duty part 
 of the time; was honorably discharged, 
 July 6, 1865; is class-leader in Methodist 
 Church; married Nancy Gary, Aug. 5, 
 1862; she was born in Ohio, April 24, '43. 
 
 Props S. rents farm ; S. 34 , P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Q 
 
 UINN JOHN, mechanic; Rockton. 
 
 RANDALL JNO. works in paper mill; 
 Rockton. 
 
 Ratchford N. D. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Richardson C. B. farm; S. 16; P.O.Rockton. 
 
 ROBERTSOJf CHAS. W. Retired 
 Farmer; P.O.Rockton; born m N. H., 
 March 16, 1812; came to this State in 
 1838; located in Montgomery Co.; lived 
 there until 1860, when he moved to this 
 Co., which has since been his home ; owns 
 
 128 acres land on Sec. 19; married Mary 
 Fairbanks, in Montgomery Co., this State, 
 April 29, 183i»; she was born in Town- 
 send, Mass., July 6, 1814; she came to 
 this State in 1838. 
 Rockwood J. B. pattern-nuikei-. 
 
 ROE €. T. REV. Bapt. Minister; Rock- 
 ton ; born Durham, Eng.,May 1, 1835 ; came 
 to this country in 1851; to this Co. in 
 1859; was ordained minister here, and 
 had pastoral charge of the Baptist Church 
 in this place seven years; luis been P. M. 
 five years; married Miss Clara E. Manard, 
 in this town, July 21, 1864; she was born 
 in Greeubush, Canada, March 8, 1846; 
 have one child, Charles Manard, born in 
 this town, Oct. 15, 1869. 
 
 Rosenberg Adam, painter; Rockton. 
 
 Royden George, merchant; Rockton. 
 
 Royden W. C. merchant; Rockton. 
 
 S EARLS F. D. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. 
 Shirland. 
 
 SEAMASr WM. Farmer; Sec. 25; P. 
 0. Rockton ; born in Canada, June 25, 
 1847; came to this Co. in 1852; married 
 Miss Hattie Smith, in Beloit, Wis., Nov. 
 4, 1869 ; she was born in the town -of 
 Rockton, this Co., Nov. 20, 1847. 
 
 Shefnin John, stock dealer; Rockton. 
 
 Shibley William, stock dealer; Rockton. 
 
 {CHORES AAROlf. Carpenter and 
 Joiner, Contractor and Builder; Rock- 
 ton ; born in Ontario Co., N. Y., June 2, 
 1806; came to this Co. in 1846; is one of 
 the present Board of Town Trustees ; mar- 
 ried Jane Horton, in Penn. ; she was born 
 in Bradford Co., Penti. ^ 
 
 Shores O. B. carpenter; Rockton. 
 
 SHlJRTIilFF ORVIJS, Farmer; 
 Sec. 33; P.O.Rockton; born in Canada, 
 Oct. 29, 1817; came to this Co. in 1846; 
 owns 90 acres land ; married Miss Sarah 
 Smith, in Beloit, June 25, 1854; she was 
 born in Canada, June 20, 1832; have had 
 six children: Chauncey Josiali, born May 
 22, 1855; Wm. Smith, 'Oct. 22, 1857, died 
 in 1863; Lucy and Eliza, both born April 
 2,1865; Jno. Orvis, Oct. 22, 1868; Lath- 
 rop Ezra, June 13, 1870; Orvis Smith, 
 May 30, 1876. 
 
 Shutley Orvis, dealer; Rockton. 
 
 Smith Frank, blacksmith; Rockton. 
 
 Smith William, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Snyder A. A. painter; Rockton. 
 
 Sperry C. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Springer F. A. shoemaker; Rockton. 
 
 Steavans Henry, rents farm: P. O. Rockton. 
 
 Steavans J. F. farmer; Sec. 8; P.O.Shirland. 
 
 Steavans S. C. farmer; S. 8; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Stickler John, laborer; Rockton. 
 
 Stickler Thomas, rents farm; P.O. Rockton. 
 
660 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY: 
 
 T 
 
 Stiles A. Ct. blacksmith ; Kockton. 
 
 STILfKS E. Lr. Agent Northwestern 
 Union Telegraph Office; Rocktou; born 
 in Siisquehana Co., Penn., Aug. 8, 1820; 
 came to this Co. in September, 1845; has 
 been agent for tlie Northwestern Union 
 twenty-one years; is Town Clerk; mar- 
 ried Miss Marautha Catron, in Susque- 
 hana Co., Penn., in June, 1841 ; she was 
 born in 1817. 
 
 Stiles O. T. works in paper mill ; Rockton. 
 
 Strickland C. A. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 fS'WAK' JAMK», Farmer; Sec. 28; P. 
 
 0. Rockton; born in Hillsborough Co., 
 N. H., July 9, 1818; came to this State in 
 1865; to this township in 1871 ; owns 191 
 acres land; lirst wife was Elizabeth P. 
 White; they were married in Hillsbor- 
 ough Co., N. H., March 17, 1846; she was 
 born in Hillsborough Co., June 24, 1817; 
 died Oct. 14, 1856; married present wife, 
 Mary W. Grant, in Hillsborough Co.. N. 
 H., Jan. 30, 1861; she was born in Hills- 
 borough Co., Feb. 13, 1823; children by 
 first wile are, James W., born June 18, 
 1849, died Sept. 12. 1850; Annie W., born 
 April 30, 1853, died April 10, 1863; Eliza- 
 beth P., born June 5, 1856; one child by 
 ■present wife, Nancy L., born Nov. 26, '61. 
 
 ALCOTT CHARLES, farmer; P. O. 
 Rocklon. 
 
 TAI.COTT EIIEIiIXE, (Maiden 
 mime McConnell) born in New Jersey, 
 Dec. 10, 1817; she came to this Co. in 
 1839; husband was Walter Henry Tal- 
 cott; they were married in this Co., Oct. 
 
 1, 1845; he was born at Rome, N. Y., Feb. 
 13, 1814; he located in this Co. in 1835; 
 he was identified at an early day with the 
 anti-slavery movement, and was uncom- 
 promising in liis hostility to slavery and 
 all the laws favoring it; lie was firmly at- 
 tached to the Liberty party from its or- 
 ganization; he assisted in organizing the 
 first Cnngregational Church in this place, 
 consisting of fourteen members, five of 
 whom were of the Talrott fiimily; he died 
 in this town Dec 9, 1870. 
 
 TAI^COTT SYLVESTER, Farm- 
 er; P. O. Rockton; born at Rome, Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Oct. 14, 1810; when he became 
 of age he removed to Horse Heads, Che- 
 mung Co., N. Y., where he engiiged in 
 the mercantile business; he moved to this 
 Co. in 1836; in connection with his father 
 and brothers, took up Government lands; 
 built and run the first grist inills in the 
 Co.; carried on farming, etc.; he was 
 elected Justice of the Peace at the organ- 
 ization of this Co.; acted as ministerial 
 officer for the first coujile that were mar- 
 ried in this Co.; was elected Supervisor 
 several years; united with the Congrega- 
 tional Church in 1850, and was elected 
 Trustee several years; in 1854 he was in- 
 terested in ilio manufacture of the Manny 
 
 Reaper and Mower; he was identified 
 with the anti-slavery party in this Co. in 
 1844; he was a member of the convention, 
 convened in BufiVilo, N. Y., which nom- 
 inated James G. Burney as candidate for 
 President of the United States; he acted 
 with the Liberty party until it became a 
 part of the Republican party, which po- 
 litically swept the country at the election 
 of Abraham Lincoln as JPresident of the 
 United States; although past the age sub. 
 jecting him to the draft, he paid and sent 
 a substitute, who represented him in the 
 army of the United States during the war; 
 married Miss Mary Westlake, in the 
 town of Rockton, this Co., June 10, 1841; 
 she was born in New York, Sept. 26,' 1820. 
 
 TAI.C<>TT MAJ. THOS. B. Farm 
 er; P.O. Rockton; born in Hebron, Conn., 
 April 17, 1806; moved to Horsehead, Che- 
 mung Co.,N.Y.,and engaired in the mercan- 
 tile business; came to this Co. in 18::i5; the 
 Co. was then comparatively a wilderness; 
 there were not more than half a dozen 
 families in the territory now I'epi'esented 
 by Winnebago, Buone and Stephenson 
 counties; Chicago was a small village, 
 and all the north half of the State was in- 
 cluded in one Congressional District; 
 Major Talcott was elected one of the first 
 County Commissioners, and, in connection 
 with Wm. E. Dunbar and Simon P. Doty, 
 organized this Co., Aug. 1, 1836; he was 
 elected to the State Senate in the fall of 
 1849, and represented Winnebago, Boone 
 and McHenry Counties four years; he has 
 also held various Tp. offices since he has 
 been in the Co. ; married Sophia E., 
 daughter of Asa Willard and Luc}' Whit- 
 ing, in this Co., June 5, 1843-, she was 
 born in Oneida Co, N. Y., Nov. 1], 1824; 
 she is a descendent of the Rev. Samuel 
 Whiting, D. D., and Elizabeth St. John, 
 his wife, who came to America in 1636, 
 and through whom her genealogy is 
 traced back to William the Conquerer, in 
 two distinct lines. 
 
 Taylor Calvin, teamster; Rockton. 
 
 Taylor C. S. physician ; Rockton. 
 
 Tavlor J. B. machine tender; Rockton. 
 
 TAYIJ>R JOH^ a. Farmer and 
 Stock Raiser; Sec. 20; P. O. Shirland; 
 born in Canada West; moved to this Co. 
 with his parents in 1837; owns 240 acres 
 land; married Frances Gleason, in this 
 Co., town of Rockton, April 19, 1857; she 
 was born in Rutland Co., Vt., Dec. 4, 
 1823; he enlisted in 74th L V. I., Co. D, 
 in Nov., 1864; was honorably di>charged 
 in 1865 ; he was one of the first settlers in 
 this part of the Co, 
 
 Thayer E. D. retired farmer; Rockton. 
 
 Thayer W. W. retired; Rockton. 
 
 Thomas J. W. farm ; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Rockton. 
 
 THOlffAS Will. Iff. Farmer; Sec. 
 31 ; P, 0. Harfison ; born in Wayne Co., 
 
ROCKTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 661 
 
 Penn., Nov. 9, 1805; came to this Co. in 
 183S; lias lieicl v^arious town offices; owns 
 104 >^ acres land; married Eliza t)onk- 
 lin, in Wayne, Penn., Nov. 13, 1828; Mrs. 
 T. was born in Wayne Co., Penn., Jan. 25, 
 1811; have had nine cliildren: Sallie M.' 
 born May 11, 1831, died Dec. 5, 1837; 
 Adaliue E., now Mrs. Preston, April 2li 
 1833; John C, Oct. 27, 1835; he enlisted 
 in 74th I. V. I., Co. F, in Aug. 1862, and 
 served until close of war; Orville P., Dec. 
 17, 1837; enlisted same time as brother 
 and served same length of time ; Chauncey 
 E., Jan. 5, 1841; Hannah Louisa, May 14 
 1843, died Dec. 25, 1845; Wm. llenry,Jan. 
 23, 1845 ; Moses, Oct. 10, 1848, died Aug 
 30, 1849; Susie H., Nov. 17, 1850. 
 
 Thurstam L. retired ; Rockton. 
 
 Toale Albert, engineer; Rockton. 
 
 Trask Chester H. laborer; Rockton. 
 
 TRIJMAX JOS. €. Farmer; Sec. 26; 
 P. O. ilockton; born in Jetferson Co., N. 
 Y., Nov. 25, 1828; came to this Co. in 
 1853 ; owns 140 aci'es laud ; has been consec- 
 utively elected Town Assessor for the last 
 11 ye.irs; married Maiy A. Holli^ter, in 
 Hartford Co., Conn., March 12, 1851; she 
 was born in Hartford Co, Conn., Sept. 28, 
 1832; have three children: Burdette C, 
 born Dec. 13, 1858; Lizzie May, July 18, 
 1860; Fred C, Jan. 23, 1872. 
 
 V 
 
 ALLENTINE CHAS. clerk; Rockton. 
 
 VJESTEJ^S E. J. Merchant; Rockton; 
 burn in Oneida Co., N. Y., Jan. 21, 1837; 
 moved to this Co. with his parents in 1839; 
 eugai-ed in ihe mercantile business here 
 in 1856; has held various town offices; 
 married Mary, daughter of Lloyd and Mary 
 Stearns, who came to Chicago in 1833; 
 they were married in this town, Nov. 5, 
 1862; she was born in DeKalb Co., this 
 State, Feb. 3, 1841. 
 
 Veness James, retired ; Rockton. 
 
 VENESS J. G.y M. D., Rockton; 
 born in England, May 18, 1823; moved 
 with his parents to this Co. in 1839; has 
 been engaged in practicing medicine last 
 16 years; has been Justice of ihe Peace 4 
 years. Village Trustee 3 years; married 
 Catherine J. Butler, in Boone Co., this 
 State, Aug. 12, 1848 ; she was bora in Erie 
 Co , N. Y. 
 
 VEX ESS JAMES W. Mason and 
 Brick Layer; Rockton; born in England, 
 May 22, 1825; moved to this Co. with his 
 parents in 1839; has been Village Trustee 
 two terms; was elected Jiistice of the 
 Peace last April ; married Susana Legg, in 
 Boone Co., this State, Feb. 3, 1853; she 
 was born in Canada, Oct. 8, 1830. 
 
 Veness Thos. retired; Rockton. 
 
 w 
 
 AITE D. v., M. D. ; Rockton. 
 
 Waite E. S. merchant; Rockton. 
 Waite E. Smith, retired farmer; Rockton. 
 Wallace D. farmer; Sec. 28; P. 0. Rockton. 
 Wallace S. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. Rockton. 
 Wallace S. Jr.,f armer ; Sec. 34 ; P.O.Rockton. 
 Ward James, Jr., laborer; Itockton. 
 
 WARREX Iff RS. MARY E. Rock- 
 ton; tlaughier of Henry and Ruth A. Sliib- 
 ley; born in N. Y., Jan. 6, 1846; moved lo 
 this Co. with her parents in 1855; mar- 
 ried Geo. W. Warren, in this Co., July 2, 
 1862; he was born in N. Y , Aug. 17, 1844; 
 died in this place Aug. 16, 1874; Mrs! 
 Warren's father, Henry Shiblcy, was ex- 
 tensively engaged in the manufacturing 
 and mercantile business in this town; he 
 was elected Supervisor in 1864; manied 
 Ruth A. Slighler, in N. Y., April 2, 1844; 
 she was born in N. Y., Aug. 12, 1823; they 
 moved to this Co. in 1855; Mr. Shibley 
 died in this town, Sept. 27, 1865. 
 
 Waxham F. E. retired; Rockton. 
 
 Wead D. T. manufacturer; Rockton. 
 
 Webb John, baker; Rockton. 
 
 WEBBER H. A. Manufacturer ; Rock- 
 ton; born in England, Aug. 19, 1839; 
 moved to this Co. with his parents in 1849; 
 has been engnged in manufacturing a num- 
 ber of years; is one of the inventois of the 
 Webber Reaper and Mower, ofwhicli men- 
 tion is made in Biographies of John Web- 
 ber and Wm. Webber; he is also inventor 
 of the Webber Automatic Gaie, which we 
 mention in Biography of John Webber; 
 this Gate was patented by him in 1876, and 
 is at present manufactured by him and 
 John Webber; it is fast taking the lead 
 wherever introduced, and is claimed by 
 competent judges as being the best Gate 
 manufactured in this or any other country; 
 married Sarah A. Kennedy, in Trumbull 
 Co., 0., in 1867; Mr. Webber enlisted in 
 the first company that was raised in this 
 town, and was elected Treasurer of the 
 Company. 
 
 WEBBER H. J. Farmer; Sec. 36; 
 P. O. Rockton; was born in England, in 
 1843; moved to this Co. with his parents, 
 in 1849; married Miss Clara Piper, in 
 Rockton, Nov. 17, 1869; she was born in 
 England, Dec. 27, 1846; Mr. Webber owns 
 200 acres land. 
 
 WEBBER JOHK, Farmer; Sec. 31; 
 P. O. Rockton; was born in England, 
 Feb. 25, 1836; moved to this Co. with his 
 parents, in 1849; owns 251 acres land; 
 manufactures the Webber Reaper and 
 Alovver; this machine is the invention of 
 him and his brother William; it wjis 
 patented by them in Dec, 1857; this 
 reaper was the first two-horse light draught 
 machine invented, making a si.x-lbot cut 
 and reajiing fifteen acres grain as a com- 
 mon day's work with one team; he also 
 manufactures a new Gale, the invention of 
 
662 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIEECTORYJ 
 
 H. A. Webber, and patented in 1876 ; it is 
 claimed that tliis is capable of taking the 
 lead of all others, wherever introduced; 
 he married ISarah Aplin, in England, 
 March 7, 1865; she was born in Wilshire, 
 England, April 15, 1836. 
 
 \V£BB£R T. H. Farmer and Stock 
 Raiser; Sec. 36; P. O. Rockton: born in 
 England, Dec. 31, 1844; moved to this 
 Co. with his parents, in 1849; married 
 Miss Katurah Piper, in Rockton, this Co., 
 May 4, 1871; she was born in England; 
 they have one child living, Maude E., 
 born Feb. 5, 1873; Mr. Webber owns 240 
 acres land, which is well improved. 
 
 WEBBER WIL-IilAM, Manufac- 
 turer; Rockton; born in England, Sept. 
 20, 1834; moved to this Co. with his 
 parents, in 1849; has been engaged in 
 manufacturing since 1856; is principal 
 inventor of the Webber Reaper and 
 Mower, patented by him and H. A. Web- 
 ber, in Dec, 1857; this was the first light 
 draught Reaper and Mower making a six- 
 foot cut that was ever invented; one of 
 these machines, after being run two sea- 
 sons, was awarded first premium at the 
 Iowa State Fair; their machines have 
 invariably taken first prenlium wherever 
 exhibited; this machine possesses numer- 
 ous advantages over all others, ' and is 
 
 undoubtedly the best Reaper manufac- 
 tured; he married Miss Mary E. Smith, 
 in this town, in 1860; she was born in 
 this Co., in 1»42. 
 
 Webber William, Jr., Rockton. 
 Whalen James, laborer; Rockton. 
 Whalen John, laborer; Rockton. 
 Wheeler D. R. retired farmer; Sec. 12; P. 
 O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 Wheeler G. W. farm ; S.12 ; P.O. Beloit, Wis. 
 White Silas, hotel keeper; Rockton. 
 White Silas, Jr., renter; Rockton. 
 Whitmore S. F. Rockton. 
 Whitney D. L. farmer; P. O. Rockton. 
 Widdowson S. W. moulder; Rockton. 
 Widdowson Samuel, moulder; Rockton. 
 Willmot C. B. farmer; Sec.l6; P.O.Rockton. 
 Willson R. J. painter; Rockton. 
 Winsor J. W. farmer; Sec.30; P.O. Rockton. 
 Witherell S. C. laborer; Rockton. 
 Woolsey John, retired; Rockton. 
 Wright Pat. laborer ; Rockton. 
 
 YOUNGSAMUEL, retired farmer; 
 Rockton. 
 
 r^AHN S. W. retired ; Rockton. 
 
SHIRLAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 663 
 
 SHIRLAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 A 
 
 DAMS MIKE, farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. 
 Sliirlaud. 
 
 ArSTlX HENRY S. Farmer; Sec. 
 18; P. O. Shirlaud; bom in Oxford Co., 
 Maine, ilay 1, 1813; moved to Rocktou, 
 in tliis Co., in 1838; lived tliere three 
 years; thence to this town, in 1841; this 
 town has since been his home; lie was 
 elected Commissioner of Highways at the 
 organization of the township, C(mse- 
 quently he was the first Commissioner of 
 Highways elected in this township; at the 
 expiration of this office he was elected 
 Assessor four consecutive terms, at the 
 end of which he was elected Tp. Super- 
 visor ten years in succession ; two years 
 after he was again elected Supervisor one 
 term; he has held various other offices; 
 married Eliza Packard, in Oxford Co., 
 Maine, Nov. 10, 1835 ; she was born in 
 Oxford Co., Jan. 23, 1817 ; have seven chil- 
 dren: Arendon, bora May 15,1837; Henry 
 S., Jr., Nov. 1, 1838; William W., April 29, 
 1841 ; Silas A., Aug. 23, 1843; Mary (now 
 Mrs. Jv. Evans), Dec. 10, 1845 ; Lizzie M. 
 (now Mrs. Leffingwell), Oct. 17, 1849; 
 Charles Edgar, Feb. 23, 1856. 
 
 Austin John, farmer; Sec. 19; P.O.Shirland. 
 
 B 
 
 ABCOCK J. M. carpenter; Shirland. 
 
 Barber G. H. farm; Sec. 33; P. O. Shirland. 
 Bates J. M. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Shirland. 
 Beedell L. P. farmer; Sec. 4; P.O.Shirland. 
 
 BEMLENT JOHItr, Farmer; Sec. 4; 
 P.O.Shirland; born in Oneida Co., N. 
 Y., March 1, 1803 ; came to this Co. in 
 1852 ; has been Town Clerk three years ; 
 married Miss Roxie Williams, in N. Y., 
 in 1868; she was born in N. Y., in March, 
 1830; have nine children living; Mr. Be- 
 ment owns 140 acres land, which is well 
 improved. 
 
 Bennett Edward, farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Bennett F. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Bennett George, farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Boiuu'tt John, farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Bennett John, Jr., former; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 BOS WELL THOMAS H. Mer- 
 chant; Shirland; was born in Pottsdam, 
 St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Sept. 26, 1835; 
 came from there to Chicago, in 1857; 
 lived there two years; thence to this Co., 
 in 1859; he has held various township 
 offices; has been P. M. here last nine 
 years ; has also been express agent here a 
 number of years; married Sarah D. Coon, 
 in Pottsdam, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 
 March 22, 1859 ; she was born in West- 
 field, Vermont; have four children: Lydia 
 P., born March 8, 1862; Charles T., Sept. 
 
 21, 1863; Harriet C, July 25, 1866; George 
 E., Dec. 23, 1869. 
 
 Boyden L. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Boyden O. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Brenuan John, laborer; Shirland. 
 
 Brown B. F. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 BR0^':K benjamin F. Farmer; 
 Sec. 26; P. O. Shirhvud ; horn in Monroe 
 Co., N. Y., Oct. 11, 1829; came to this 
 State in 1852; to this Co. in 1865; enlisted 
 in the 4th Wisconsin Battery, in Septem- 
 ber, 1861; was promoted Lieut, in 1864; 
 was honorably discharged July 4, 1805; 
 was in every battle that the regiment was; 
 owns 60 acres land; married Catherine 
 Kelly, in Monroe Co., N. Y.. Feb. 22, 
 1849; she was born in Devonsliire, Eng., 
 Aug. 6, 1833; have three children: Emma 
 Jane, born April S, 1850; James Henry, 
 Sept. 13, 1852; Lillie, March 3, 1856: Mr. 
 Brown has been Town Collector two 
 years. 
 
 Brown Jas. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 CARD LEVI, farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. 
 Shirland. 
 
 CARD G. N. Farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. 
 Shirland ; born in Nova Scotia, in 1817 ; 
 owns 130 acres land ; was one of the first 
 settlers in this Tp., coming to this Co. in 
 1837 ; married Miss Nora Seaton, of this 
 town; her father also came here in 1837. 
 
 CLOVER HENRY W. Farmer; 
 Sec. 12; P. O. Shirland; born in Lincoln- 
 shire, Eng., Sept. 24, 1841 ; came to this 
 Co. in 1844; owns 80 acres land; has held 
 various offices ; married Dorothy H. Sea- 
 ton, in Shirland, Nov. 10, 1870; she was 
 born in this town, Feb. 14, 1850; Mrs. Clo- 
 ver's father was one of the early settlers of 
 this Co. 
 
 Colby Eben, renter; Sec. 27; P. O. Shirlaml. 
 
 COLTON MRS. ABIGAIL, (Maid- 
 en nameMcKinstry;) Sec. 12; P. O. Shir- 
 land; born in Conn., Nov. 29, 1805: tir-st 
 husband was Geo. Seaton ; they were mar- 
 ried in April, 1830; he was born in Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., in 1803; died July 4. 1857; 
 they came to this Co. in 1838; were one of 
 the first families that settled in this Tp. ;_ 
 second husband was Oliver C. Colton, of 
 N. H.; he died in Jan., 1873; Mrs. Colton 
 owns 125 acres land. 
 
 CONKLIN HExVRY W. Farmer; 
 Sec 32; P. 0. Rockton; born m \\ ayne 
 Co., Penn., June 24, 1827 ; came to this Co. 
 in 1839; the country was at that time com- 
 paratively unsettled; owns 179 acres land; 
 held the office of Town Collector two 
 years ; also various other Tp. ofiices ; mar- 
 ried Alvalina Grover, in Juda, Wis., Nov. 
 
664 
 
 WINNEBAGO COTJNTr DIRECTORY: 
 
 28,1856; she was born in Chautauqua Co., 
 N. Y., Feb. 24, 1833; have had five chil- 
 dren: Dorsey Tyler, born in Harrison, in 
 this Co., Oct. 16, 1857; Lomi Henry, in 
 Harrison, March 8, 1859; Jas. B., in Har- 
 rison, Aug. 12, 1863; Rosa E., in Oregon, 
 Oct. 17, 1805; Eva E., in Roclcton, Jan. 
 25, 1874. 
 
 Cooper Chas. farmer; Sec. 33; P.O.Shirland. 
 
 Cooper Geo. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Curran Thos. farmer; Sec.26; P.O. Shirland. 
 
 Curran Jas. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 D 
 
 A.MOTHJ. W. farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. 
 Shirland. 
 Darling Franli, butcher; Shirland. 
 Darling S. A. farm; Sec. 27; P. O. Shirland. 
 Denel G. former; Sec. 2; P. O. Shirland. 
 Denel Wm. farmer; Sec. 2; P.O. Shirland. 
 Domer John, farmer; Sec. 1; P.O. Shirland. 
 
 E 
 
 LLIOTT SAMUEL, farmer; Sec. 35; 
 P. O. Beloit, Wis. • 
 
 FICKES MILES, farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. 
 Shirland. 
 
 FICKKS SEBASTIAX, Farmer; 
 Sec. 2; P.O. Shirland; born m York Co., 
 Penn., Dec. 25, 1818; moved with his par- 
 ents to Ohio in 1833; thence to this Co. in 
 1846; owns 215 acres laud; first wife was 
 Caroline E. Seeley; they were married in 
 Ohio, April 5, 1845 ; she was born in N. 
 Y. ; died in 186:1; present wife was Sarah 
 Case ; they were married in Mich., in 1870 ; 
 she was born in Vt. 
 
 Fleming John, laborer; Shirland. 
 
 GISHWILLER JOHN, depotVagent; 
 Shirland. 
 
 GOLDY B. D. Farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. 
 Shirland; born in N. Y., xiug. 8, 1839; 
 came to this Co. with his parents in 1850; 
 owns 110 acres land; enlisted in Co. D, 
 74th I. V. C, in Aug., 1862; served until 
 close ot war, and was honorably dis- 
 charged; was in battles of Spriug Hill, 
 Franklin, Nashville, Perryville, and all 
 through the Atlanta campaign; married 
 Miss Harriet Stillwell, in Beloit, Wis.; 
 she died in Nov., 1869. 
 
 Goldy S. T. farmer; Sec.:J; P. O. Shirland. 
 ^ Guptill A. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Guptdl C. farmer; Sec. 28; P.O. Shirland. 
 
 GUPTILL. J. B. Farmer; Sec. 28; 
 P. O. Shirland; born in Hancock Co., Me., 
 Nov. 1, 1822; came to this Co. in 1845; 
 owns 220 acres land; married Emily War- 
 ren, in Beloit, Wis., Oct. 29, 1851; she was 
 born in N. Y., in 1833. 
 
 TTALL W. F. B. glove maker; Shirland. 
 Hauseman Geo. laborer ; Shirland. 
 
 BARLEY \¥M, Farmer; Sec. 34; 
 P. O. Shirland; born in N. Y. citv, Nov. 
 9, 18:j5; went with his parents to S. C, 
 when two years old; lived there eight 
 years; came from there to this Co. in 1847; 
 owns 136 acres land ; has been Town Clerk 
 nine years ; Supervisor two years ; married 
 Fidelia Miller, in Beloit, Wis.; she was 
 born in Vt., Feb. 28, 1838; have had four 
 children : Henry AVillis, born in Rockton, 
 Feb. 21, 1860; Edwin, in Shirland, Aug. 
 23, 1862, died Aug. 23, 1863; Freddie, in 
 Shirland, Oct. 10, 1864, died May 17, 1»65; 
 Mary Ella, in Shirland, Sept. 28, 1866. 
 
 BAWLEY GEO. Farmer; Sec. 3; 
 P. O. Shirland; born in Bradfordshire, 
 England, March 16, 1825; came to this 
 Co. in 1854; owns 120 acres land; married 
 Alice Rotle, in Rockford, June 27, 1857; 
 she was born in England, J nly 30, 1834; 
 have two children: Mary Ann, born Dec. 
 8, ; Emma Elizabeth, Feb. 20, 1861. 
 
 Henry A. G. farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Henry Wm. farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 BODGKIXS JOBX B. Apiarist; 
 P. O. Shirland; born in Jefierson Co., N. 
 Y., May 29, 1826 ; went from there to Ind. 
 in 1841; thence to this Co. in 1842; ran 
 saw mill and flour mill in town of Harri- 
 son, this Co., a number of years; estab- 
 lished the first lumber yaid in Shirland; 
 owns 20 acres land; has held various town 
 offices; first wife was Julia A. Hoyt; ihey 
 were married in Byion, this State, in 1850; 
 she was born in Niagara Co., N. Y. ; died 
 in 1861 ; present wife was Mary A. Pope ; 
 were married in Newark, Wis., in 1864; 
 she was born in N. Y., April 27,1837; had 
 one child by first wife, Franklin, born in 
 1852, died Aug. 10, 1854. 
 
 Hull A. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Hull Byron, farmer; P.O. Shirlaud. 
 
 BULL W. W. Farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. 
 Shirland; born in N. Y., Aprd 19, 1835; 
 came to this Co. in 1855 ; owns 94 acres 
 land ; is Town Supervisor at present writ- 
 ing; has been Assessor two years. Consta- 
 ble four years; enlisted in 47th I. V.L, Co. 
 B, in Sept., 1864; was honorably dis- 
 charged in June, 1865; was in battles of 
 Columbia, Spring Hill, Franklin, Nash- 
 ville and in several skirmishes; married 
 Elizabeth Ann Stillwell, in Beloit, Wis., 
 Dec. 8, 1855; she whs born in N. Y., Nov. 
 21, 1838; have five children living. 
 
 K 
 
 ELLY JOHN, laborer; Shirland. 
 
 Keeney D. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 KEEXEY JULIIIS, Farmer; Sec. 
 19; P. O. Shirland; born in Oneida Co., 
 N. Y., Feb. 8, 1808; came to this Co. in 
 1838; owns 200 acres land; was elected 
 Road Commissioner at tlie organization 
 of the Co.; married Miss Estiier Ann 
 Seaton, in this town, Jan. 7, 1841; she 
 
SfilRLAND TOWNSHIK 
 
 665 
 
 was boru in Oueida Co., N. Y., Aug. 23, 
 1821 ; she came to this Co. with her par- 
 ents, in 18a8; have had six children, 
 Amelia, born April 24, 1843, died Sept. 
 11, 1870; Olive, Dec. 19, 1844; Onor, Jan. 
 4, 1847, died March 7, 1848; Virgil W., 
 Dec. 31, 1848; Dexter, Feb. 26', 1853; 
 Alvia, July 6, 1860. 
 
 Kecney V. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Kethan Nelson, shoemaker; Shirland. 
 
 Kizer E. S. cheese maker; Shirland. 
 
 LARISON ^WILIilAM, Farmer; 
 Sec. 35; P. O. Shirland; born in Shir- 
 land, April 15, 1851; owns 175 acres land; 
 married Charlotte G. Early, in Beloit, 
 Wis., July 17, 1869; she was born in 
 Albany, N. Y., March 17, 1851; have four 
 children, Frank, born June 10, 1872; Wil- 
 lie, March 8, 1874; Freddie May 5, 1875; 
 Eddie, Nov. 11, 1877. 
 
 L-EFFIKCjJWELI. AL.DEK, Farm- 
 er; Sec. 7; P. O. Beloit, Wis.; born in 
 Ashtabula Co., Ohio, Feb. 10, 1825 ; came 
 to this Co. with parents, in 1842; owns 
 120 acres land in Wis., 165 acres in this 
 Co.; tiist wife was Adehne Reckhow; 
 they were married in Wis. ; she was born 
 in Mich., and died in 1865; present wife, 
 Gertrude Lee; they were married in 
 Beloit, in 1870; she was born in N. Y., 
 in 1840. 
 
 liEFFIlSfGWEIiL. BIRD, Farmer; 
 Sec. 6; P. O. Shirland; was born in Ohio, 
 Oct. 10, 1835; moved to this Co. with his 
 parents, in 1838; owns 125 acres land; 
 enlisted in 74lh Regt. I. V. I., Sept. 4, 
 1862; was mustered out March 4, 1863; 
 re-enlisted in 147ih I. V. I.; served until 
 close of war, and was honorably dis- 
 charged; married Jane Munro, in Beloit, 
 Wis., May 15, 1857 ; she was born in Troy, 
 N. Y., March 15, 1839; have had four 
 children, Carrie, born Nov. 13, 1860; Ger- 
 tie, Sept. 11, 1868; Homer, Feb. 2,1872; 
 William, in 1862, and died in Oct., 1865. 
 
 rEFFIXGWELL WIEI.IAM S. 
 
 Fanner; Sec. 7; P. O. Beloit, Wis.; born 
 in Ohio, Sept. 5, 1832; came to this Co. 
 in 1845; owns 80 acres land; enlisted in 
 74th Regt. I. V. I., in Sept., 1861; was 
 honorably discharged in 1866; was 
 wounded at Battle of Stone River. 
 I.OPER JOHlf, Sec. 35; P. O. Shir- 
 land; boru in Canada, Jan. 38, 1854; 
 came to this Co. in spring of 1877. 
 
 McCULOW JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 28; 
 P. O. Shirland. 
 McCulow P. farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Shirland. 
 Manson George, farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 Manson James, farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 Manson Nicklas, retired farmer; Shirland. 
 Manson William, trapper ; Shirland. 
 Meuret Geo. farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Miller A. B. farmer; Sec.27; P.O. Shirland. 
 
 MILLER ALEXANDER, Farmer; 
 Sec. 34; P. O. Shiiland; horn in Cale- 
 donia Co., Vt., March 18, 1808; came to 
 this Co. in 1844; owns 80 acres land; mar- 
 ried Mary Mackie, in Newbury, Vt., 
 March 7, 1833; she was born in Scotland, 
 March 5, 1810; have ten children living. 
 
 Miller E. G. farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Miller F. P. farmer; P. 0. Shirland. 
 
 Minard D. blacksmith; Shirhind. 
 
 Monan Thos. section hoss; Shirland. 
 
 N 
 
 YE FRED, farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. 
 Shirland. 
 
 KYE JOHN H. Farmer; Sec. 19; P. 
 
 0. Shirland ; born in New Bradford, Mass., 
 Dec. 30, 1823; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 owns 111 acres land, Sees. 1, 12, and 18; 
 has held the office of Town Clerk 3 years, 
 Collectors years; enlisted in 74th Regt. 
 
 1. V. I., in August, 1862, as Second 
 Lieutenant; was promoted First Lieuten- 
 ant March 20, 1863; was appointed Quar- 
 termaster with rank of First Lieutenant, 
 in May, 1864; was honorably discharged, 
 June 10, 1865; mariied Miss Susan Perry, 
 in Oneida Co. N.Y., Oct. 26,1845; she was 
 born in Oneida Co., N. Y., Dec. 29, 1822; 
 have had five children, Celia, born Aug. 11, 
 1847, died Sept. 15, 1849 ; Hovey B., May 
 14, 1851; Fred T.. April 29, 1855; Celia 
 S., Sept. 17, 1858; John W., March 1, 1862. 
 
 PACKARD CHARLES, farmer; Sec. 18; 
 P. O. Shirland. 
 Packard E. A. merchant; Shirland. 
 
 FA€KARI> Jim, Grain and Lum- 
 ber Dealer; P.O. Shirland; born in Ox- 
 ford Co., Maine, April 20, 1818; came 
 from there here in si)riug of 1838; owns 
 200 acres land ; has been Collector 5 years, 
 Assessor 1 year; has held various other 
 offices; was one of the organizers of Con- 
 gregational Church in this town, of which 
 himself and family are members, also 
 organized school house in District 46; 
 Mr. P. commenced business here in 1874,^ 
 his previous occupation being that of 
 larmer; married Miss Hadassah Austin, 
 inRockton, Nov. 10, 1840; she was born 
 in Oxford Co., Maine, Dec. 10, 1819; have 
 had six children, live of whom are living. 
 
 Pearce B. F. renter; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Perry G. B. farmer; Sec. 25; P. 0. Shirland. 
 
 Pettiboue F. B. farm; Sec.26; P.O.Sliirland. 
 
 Pettibone G. C. farm; Sec. 26; P.O.Sliirland. 
 
 PETTIROXE JsiYLVESTER, 
 Farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Shirland; born ia 
 St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Dec. 18. 1812; 
 moved from N. Y. to Detroit, Mich., in 
 1838; went from there back to St. Law- 
 rence Co., N. Y. ; thence to this Co. in 1850; 
 was elected Justice of the Peace in 1854; 
 held this office until spring of 1877, whea 
 
Qee 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIRECTORY t 
 
 he was elected Notary Public ; owns 96 
 acres land ; married Eliza Craig, in St. 
 Lawrence Co., N. Y., Jan. 26, 1843; she 
 was born in Vermont, Sept. 2'd, 1810; have 
 five children : Amos, born Dec. 20, 1843 
 he enlisted in 74th Regt., I. V. I., in Aug. 
 1863; served until close of war; was hon 
 orably discharged ; Sarah (now Mrs. A 
 Porter), Feb. 8, 1846; Laura Imogene 
 March 26, 1848; George Cady, April 21 
 1850; Frank Briggs, in 1853. 
 
 PHEIiPS B. W. Farmer; Sec. 10; P. 
 O. Shirland; born in N. Y., July 21,1849; 
 moved to this Co. with his parents when 3 
 months old; owns 233 acres land; married 
 Miss Emma McMakin, in this town, March 
 22, 1871 ; she was born in Greenville, S. C, 
 March 20, 1849; have one child, Cora, born 
 in Rockton, this Co., March 23, 1872. 
 
 POLLOCK \V. H. Farmer; Sec. 2; 
 P. O. Shirland ; born in St. Lawrence Co., 
 N. Y., Sept. 25, 1844; came to this Co. in 
 1866; owns 34 Sec. land; maiden name of 
 wife was Phoebe Lippit ; they were married 
 in Shirland, Dec. 7, 1870; she was born in 
 Shirland, Feb. 28, 1844; Mrs. Pollock's 
 father. Dr. J. W. Lippit, came to this Co. 
 in 1838, and was the tirst physician in this 
 town. 
 
 Pomeroy G. H. farm; Sec.[26; P.O.Shirland. 
 
 Pomeroy K. H. farm ; Sec. 26; P.O.Shirland- 
 
 POMEROY :Bf. H. Farmer; Sec. 23; 
 P. O. Shirland; born in Somerset Co., Me., 
 May 6, 1806; moved from there to Beloit, 
 Wis., in 1848; lived there until 1851, when 
 he came to this Co., which has since been 
 his home; owns 130 acres land; has been 
 married twice; present "^wife was Miss 
 Pomeroy. 
 
 AMBOTT JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 21; 
 P. O. Shirland. 
 
 R 
 
 RECKIIOW WIEIilSTOlf, 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Shirland ; born in 
 Susquehanna Co., Penn. ; moved to this 
 Co. Avith his parents in 1838; owns 160 
 acres land; has been Justice of the Peace 
 8 years, Town Clerk 2 years; has also rep- 
 resented this Tp. in Co. Board 2 years; 
 married Miss Margaret Miller in Beloit, 
 Wis., Dec. 24, 1857 ; she was born in Vt., 
 Oct. 4, 1840; have had four children: 
 Frank, born March 9, 1859, died when 6 
 mouths old; Mary, Dec. 1, I860; William, 
 Feb. 28, 1864; Lewis Miller, Feb. 22, 1868. 
 
 Reckhow Wm. farm ; Sec. 34 ; P.O. Shirland. 
 
 Rie B. laborer; Shirland. 
 
 BOSi$ IRA,w Farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. 
 Shirland ; born in Rutland Co., Vt., March 
 6, 1827 ; came to this Co. in 1853 ; owns 136 
 acres land; married Mary Pike, in Beloit, 
 Wis., in 1856 ; she was born in Rutland 
 Co., Vt., March 7, 1824; have three chil- 
 dren: Emma Jane, born Sept. 2, 1857; 
 Levi, May 8, 1860 ; J. Charles, Dec. 22, 1863. 
 
 S EATON JOHN, farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. 
 Shirland. 
 
 SEATON GEORGE G. Farmer; 
 Sec. 11; P. O. Shirland; born in Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Sept. 5, 1827 ; moved to this Co. 
 with his parents in 1838 ; owns 200 acres 
 land ; has held various Tp. otlices ; married 
 Miss Sarah Sharpe, in Rockton, this Co., 
 Oct. 18, 1854; she was born in Steuben Co., 
 N. Y., June6, 1832; have two children: 
 Mary Alice, born Aug. 17, 1857; Arthvu' 
 David, April 8, 1866; Arlow Seaton, father 
 of G. G. Seaton, erected the first cabin in 
 what is now known as Shirland Tp. in 
 this Co. 
 
 Seaton W. W. farmer; Shirland. 
 
 Shears J. C. M. farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Simonds John, farm; Sec. 26; P.O.Shirland. 
 
 i!$IIUOXD!S RICHARD, Farmer; 
 Sec. 26; P.O.Shirland; born in Devon- 
 shire, England, Oct. 25, 1825 ; came from 
 there to Ohio, in 1837 ; thence to this Co., 
 in 1866; owns 140 acres land; has been 
 Road Commissioner two terms; School 
 Director nine years; married Harriet M. 
 Cormouy, in Ohio, Feb. 25, 1847; she was 
 born in Marjland, Aug. 8, 1828; have had 
 eight children, six of whom are living. 
 
 STEELE E. W. Retired Farmer; Sec. 
 36; P.O.Shirland; born in Richfield Co., 
 Conn., Oct. 29, 1805; married Miss L. 
 Johnson, in Ohio, in 1830; she was born 
 in Franklin Co., Vermont, Oct. 18, 1805; 
 they came to this Co. in 1842; she died 
 June 1, 1859; had seven children: Orange, 
 born Dec. 25, 1831 ; he enlisted in the 74th 
 Regt. LV. 1. ; died m service, Nov. 5, 
 1864; Fayette G., born Aug. 28, 1833; 
 Henry Martin, Sept. 30, 1834; Wolcott, 
 July 16, 1836; Martha, April 2, 1841; 
 Almon Camden, Aug. 18, 1843; enlisted 
 in the 74th I. V. L, Sept., 1861 ; served 
 until close of war; Almar, Jan. 9, 1846, 
 died Sept. 24, 1865. 
 
 STEELE F. G. Farmer; Sec. 36; P. 
 O. Shirland; born in Ashtabula Co., 
 Ohio, Aug. 28, 1833; came to this Co., 
 with his parents, in 1842; owns 265 acres 
 land ; has been Assessor four years. Com- 
 missioner of Highways six years; Tp. 
 Trustee a number of years; has held va- 
 rious other offices; married Mary A. 
 Chandler, in Clinton, Wis., Jan. 1, 1868; 
 Mrs. C. was born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., 
 July 14, 1844; have three children: Alma, 
 born Feb. 1, 1872; Fayette G., Dec. 21, 
 1873 ; Verna, Sept. 10, 1876. 
 
 Stilwell B. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 Stilwell C. farmer; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 STIL^WELL SAMUEL, Farmer; 
 Sec. 7; P.O. Shirhmd; born in Oneida 
 Co., N. Y., Nov. 18, 1808; came to this 
 Co. in 1846; owns 180 acres land; has 
 been Justice of the Peace four years. 
 Road Commissioner three years ; has held 
 
SHIRLAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 667 
 
 various school oflSces; married Annie 
 Miller, in N. Y., Nov. 15, 1882 ; she was 
 born in Madison Co., N. Y., March 20, 
 1816; have had nine children: William, 
 born Aug. 3, 1834; Hiram, April 23, 1830, 
 enlisted in 74th I. V. I., in August, 1862, 
 and was killed at the battle of Kenesaw; 
 Elizabeth, Nov. 31, 1839, nuirried W. W. 
 Hull ; Harriet, in 1844, died Nov. 5, 1859 r 
 Samuel, Jr., April 28, 1849; Mary (now 
 Mrs. L. Leffingwell), Sept. 8,^1854; Emma, 
 August, 1857 ; two died in infancy, were 
 not named. 
 
 STIIiWEIili SAMUEL, JR. 
 Farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Shirlaud; born in 
 this Co., April 28, 1849; married Sevila 
 Waltz, in Newark, Wis., June 4, 1872; 
 she was boi'n in Sauk Co., Wis., Sept. 13, 
 1851. 
 
 Stilweli T. former; Sec. 7; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 SWEET R. C. Farmer; Sec. 35; P. 
 O. Shirlaud; born in Erie Co., N.Y., Nov. 
 26, 1831 ; came from there to Greene Co., 
 Wis., in April, 1855; thence, in the 
 autumn of 1855, to the town of Rockton ; 
 resided there ten years; thence to Shir- 
 laud, where he purchased 80 acres land, 
 which is well improved; was elected Su- 
 pervisor in 1875; married Miss Lucinda 
 M. Soulhworth, in Rockton, Oct. 29, 1857; 
 she was born in Erie Co., N. Y., Feb. 1, 
 1832; have one daughter, Mary L., born 
 in Rockton, Sept. 14, 1859. 
 
 WAGER SAMUEL, €. Farmer; 
 Sec. 3; P. O. Shirland; born in 
 Canada, Dec. 9, 1834; came to this Co. in 
 1848; owns 180 acres land; married 
 Emma Eliza, daughter of Lemuel and 
 Martha S. Fiske, in this town (Shirland), 
 Jan. 1, 1862; she was born in this town 
 (Shu-land), Nov. 21, 1842; have two chil- 
 dren : Herbert Lee, born Sept. 13, 1863 ; 
 Mabel Augusta, May 37, 1865; Lemuel 
 Fiske, father of Mrs. A. G. and S. C. 
 Wager, was born in Mass., July 28, 1812; 
 came to this Co. in 1837 ; was one of the 
 first settlers in this township ; he and his 
 family being zealous members of the Con- 
 gregational Church, he took an active 
 part in the organization of the first Con- 
 gregational Church in this place; he also 
 held various town and church offices from 
 the time of his settlement until the time 
 of his death, which occurred April 26, 
 1877; wife was Martha S. Maxoni; they 
 were married in Indiana, July 26, 1836; 
 she was born in Conn., Nov. 17, 1809, and 
 died Oct. 26, 1870. 
 
 WAGER A. G. Farmer; Sec. 35; P. 0. 
 Shirland; born in Wis., Oct. 5,1849; came 
 to this Co. with his parents in 1850; owns 
 180 acres laud; married Amelia, daughter 
 of Lemuel and Martha S. Fiske, in this 
 Tp., March 6, 1873; she was b )rn at her 
 present place of residence, April 34, 1840; 
 
 have one child, Florence Amelia, born 
 
 Jan. 27, 1873. 
 Weary J. S. insurance agent; Shirland. 
 Wescolt M. farm; Sec. 36; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 Wescott S. farm; Sec. 36; P. O. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 WILL ROBT. Fanner; Sec. 6; P.O. 
 Shirland; born in Kincardenshire, Scot- 
 land, July 10, 1835 ; moved to this Co.with 
 his parents in 1848; owns 121 acres land; 
 married Lydia Stokes, in this town, Sept. 
 
 27, 1869; she was born in Erie Co., N. Y., 
 March 28, 1842; have had four cliildren: 
 Nellie, born Aug. 15, 1870, died Sept. 24, 
 1870; Arthur, Feb. 11, 1872; AValter, Dec;. 
 18, 1873, died Feb. 1, 1875; Katie, March 
 16, 1876. 
 
 Wilson J. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Shirland. 
 
 WOOD ELLERY, Farmer; Sec. 10; 
 P. O. Shirland; born in this town, March 
 
 28, 1852; married Miss Hattic Blood, in 
 Beloit, Wis., Oct. 12, 1874; she was born 
 in Penn.,in 1850; have one child, Winnie, 
 born in Rockford, March 28, 1876. 
 
 Wood 0. retired farmer ; Shirland. 
 Woodward C. farm ; S. 6; P. 0. Beloit, Wis. 
 
 WOODWARD JACOB H. Farm, 
 er; Sec. 6; P.O. Beloit, Wis.; born in Vt., 
 Jan. 22, 1820; went from there to I\Lass. 
 in 1837; thence to N. Y. in 1830; thence to 
 Penn. in 1841 ; from there he came to 
 Boone Co., this State, in 1845; moved to 
 this Co. in 1846, and it has since been his 
 home ; owns 106 acres land ; has held vari- 
 ous offices; married Mary A. Gould, in 
 
 Cook , July, 1852; she was born in 
 
 Berkshire Co., Ma«s., in Feb., 1826 ; have 
 three children: Samuel Courtney, bora 
 April 1, 1855 ; Chas. Carroll, July 13, 1859; 
 Fonetta Adell, July 18, 1861. 
 
 YALE JAS. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Shir- 
 land. 
 Yale E. L. farmer; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Shirlaud. 
 
 ZAH5r NICHOLAS, Farmer; Sec. 
 36; P. O. Shirland; born in Lorraine, 
 France, Nov. 15, 1815; came from there to 
 Ohio in 1828; thence to this Co. in 1845; 
 owns 157 acres laud ; has been Town Col- 
 lector three years, and has held various 
 other Tp. and church offices; married 
 Susan Cormoncy, in Ohio, Sept. 4, 1838; 
 she was born in Md., March 17, 1823; 
 have had eight children: Eliza Jane, born 
 in 1840; Horace, Dec. 24, 1842; enlisted in 
 3d Col. V. C: died in the service, Nov.14, 
 1864; Sanfbrd, Sept. 4, 1845; John W., 
 Jan 4 1848; he married Emma Clover, in 
 Rockton, Dec. 24, 1874; she was born in 
 Rockton, Feb. 17, 1855; Mary Alice. Aug. 
 38 1850, died Nov. 15, 1860; Frank 
 Emory April 22, 1856; Hettie Ann. Sept. 
 4 1853, died Dec. 31, 1865; Willie Foster, 
 Sept. 38, 1865. 
 Zahm John, farmer; Sec. 36; P.O. Shirland. 
 
668 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY DIKECTORT: 
 
 TOO LATES, 
 
 CHERRY VALLEY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 CHAMBERLIX ALFRED A. 
 
 Justice of the Peace ; P. O. Cherry Val- 
 ley. Born in Barton, Orleans Co., Vt., 
 March 20, 1807. Came to Winnebago Co. 
 in the spring of 1844. 
 
 Purchased Cherry Valley Mill in 1850, 
 and has resided in Cherry Valley from 
 that time to the present. Mr. Chamberlin 
 has served the people faithfully in various 
 official capacities, as Assessor, Collector 
 and Justice of the Peace, having held one 
 or more of these responsible positions con- 
 stantly since his residence in the town. 
 His hair is wiiitened by the frosts of 70 
 winters, and at this time the venerable 
 subject of this notice is hale and hearty, 
 with faculties keenly alive to passing 
 events. Never has been under the care of 
 a physician. Always voted Whig and 
 Republican tickets. Loyal to the govern- 
 ment of the United States, and generous 
 toward his fellow men. 
 
 He was married Sept. 25, 1834, at Byron, 
 New York, to Miss Nancy Elizabeth Mun- 
 ger, who was born in Springfield, Mass., 
 Sept. 30, 1808. They have had six chil- 
 dren: Marion T. Chamberlin, born at By- 
 ron, N. Y., Jan. 29, 1836; Hazen Cham- 
 berlin, born at Grand Detour, 111., Jan. 13, 
 1839, died April 15, 1840; Emma S. Cham- 
 berlin, born at Grand Detour, 111., Nov. 13, 
 1843; Thyrza F. Chamberlin, born at Au- 
 rora, 111., Oct. 27, 1847; Dwight A. Cham- 
 berlin, born at Rockford, 111., June 2, 
 1849; Charles Sumner Chamberlin, born 
 at Cherry Valley, 111., Sept. 24, 1855, 
 died Sept. 15, 1860. Marion T. Cham- 
 berlin graduated at the Rockford Semi- 
 nary in July, 1858, and was married 
 to John L. Loop, Esq., of Belvidere, 111., 
 the following October. Emma S. Cham- 
 berlin— E. B. Day— Oct. 9, I860; she was 
 married again, Nov. 15, 1870, to Capt. Geo. 
 M. Wells, of Laketon, Mich. Tliyrza F. 
 Cliaraberlin, married, Aug. 5, 1873, Geo. 
 W. Bridgemau, a young attorney of ability 
 and worth, whose h<niie is in Michigan. 
 D. A. Chamberlin, with whom his father 
 and mother now reside, married Lillia E. 
 Thomas, June 29, 1870, at St. Joseph, Mich. 
 
 DeCJRAFF A BR AM F. Carpenter 
 and Joiner; P. O. Cherry Valley; born in 
 Glenville, Schenectady Co., N. Y., Nov. 
 2,1828; served an apprenticeship at his 
 trade in the city of Brooklyn ; attended 
 Plymouth Church regularly, enjoying the 
 convincing eloquence and matchless ora- 
 tory of one of America's greatest speakers, 
 Dr. H. W. Beecher, for four years ; came 
 to Winnebago Co. in 1854; mari-ied, Aug. 
 13, 1863, Miss Sarah A. Potter, whose 
 birthplace was Hadley, Lapier Co., Mich., 
 
 April 8, 1838; have three children; Lou' 
 isa T., born Oct. 13, 1864; Anna G., Aug' 
 26, 1866; Mary F., April 1, 1872; Mr. De 
 Graff has in his possession at the present 
 time an old Dutch Bible, published in 
 Rotterdam, Holland, in 1710, bound with 
 brass plates and hinges, owned by his an- 
 cestors; also some old accounts kept by 
 his great-grandfather, on English paper 
 bearing the royal stamp which suggested 
 the idea of the famous " Stamp Act,"' tlie 
 news of which swept over America like a 
 thunder-cloud, causing the just indigna- 
 tion and wrath of a grief-stricken people: 
 his grandfather passed through the ter- 
 rible ordeal of the Revolution ; his great- 
 great-grandfather and a son were captured 
 by the Indians, in 1746, and carried to 
 Canada, where the old man died, at Que- 
 bec, in June, 1748; the son having escaped 
 returned through the dense forests, on 
 foot, to N, Y. ; the house from which they 
 were taken remai'ns to this day, in Schen- 
 ectady Co. ; he has a distinct history of 
 the genealogy of his forefathers back to 
 the first colonies sent out under the Dutch 
 East India Company, which furnished 
 Sir Henry Hudson the vessel in wliich he 
 sailed up the noble river which bears the 
 name of Hudson, on whose delightful 
 banks there are so many beautiful homes 
 to-day. 
 
 HALE MISS JOSEPHINE, 
 Teacher; P. O. Cherry Valley; daughter 
 of Alfred E. and Harriet Hale; born Dec. 
 5, 1854. Mr. Hale, the father of the sub- 
 ject of this sketch, came from Conn, to 
 Winnebago Co., Oct., 1889; during his 
 life was known as an active and influen- 
 tial man in the political affairs of his 
 country; was loyal to the government, and 
 no less remarkable for his admirable 
 social qualities than for his intellectual 
 abilities. As a companion, lie was the 
 delight of his friends, to whom he M-as 
 faithful, and none ever had better or truer 
 — they loved him from the beginning to 
 the last. He served the people faithfully 
 in various official capacities, and in 1860 
 was elected to the Legislature of the State, 
 serving his constituency ably and liou- 
 estly two j'ears; during this time the war 
 of the rebellion bi-oke out, and Mr. Hale 
 was always ready to render material aid 
 to the administration, comforting and 
 cheering the Union Army at the same 
 time; was appointed Assistant U. S. IMar- 
 shal, the responsible duties of which he 
 discharged faithfully and well. After the 
 return of peace to our land, he lived in 
 the retirement of his home, with his inter- 
 esting family until Nov. 3, 1870, wlien he 
 died suddenly of heart disease. He did 
 
TOO LATES. 
 
 669 
 
 not know that the silvor cord was loosened, 
 and that the golden bowl was breaking. at 
 the fouHtain, but he was resigned, feeling 
 that He who gave has the right to take 
 away in i:is own good time and manner. 
 Miss Josephene Hale was educated under 
 the eye of her intelligent mother, and is 
 now a teacher in the Ciierry Valley Graded 
 School, a position which she has filled 
 with ability for five years. 
 
 HUSSEY DAVID O. Physician 
 and Surgeon, Elgiu st., Cherry Valley; 
 born in Noble Co., Ohio, Dec. 6, 1842; 
 came to Cherry Valley in the spring of 
 1866; graduate of Chicago Medical Col- 
 lege, class of 1867; married Mary E. 
 Mackey, in August, 1865; she was bora 
 "in Washington Co., Ohio; they have one 
 child. Dexter Selvayn, born June 8, 1868; 
 the Dr. served in the Union army as First 
 Lieutenant. 
 
 KEITH LEWIS, Whose portrait ap- 
 pears in this work, was born May 2. 1826, 
 in Morgan Co., Ohio. His great-grand- 
 father came from Holland \o America 
 about fifteen years before the Revolution, 
 and settled in New Lancashire, Pa. Here 
 he engaged in the smithing business for 
 many years,when he moved to Huntingdon 
 Co., where he died in 1810. He had 
 served as blacksmith in the Revolutionary 
 war. Mr. Keith's grandfather, Peter, was 
 a blacksmith and farmer, and moved to 
 Morgan Co., Oliio, in 1814, and had a fam- 
 ily of twelve children. He came to Rock- 
 ford, Winnebago Co., 111., in 1836, at that 
 time containing only two or three houses, 
 and located on the east side of the river, 
 just below the present site of tlie water 
 power. He died, aged 81 years, 4 months. 
 His father was born in 1801, in Hunting- 
 ton Co., Pa. Came to Morgan Co., Ohio, 
 with father, in 1814. July 6, 1842, came 
 to Laporte, Ind., and built a cabin on the 
 same lot ou which his residence now 
 stands. 
 
 His family consists of nine sons and five 
 daughters, all of whom are married and 
 still living. He married first, Mary Spen- 
 cer, by whom he had four sous, the young- 
 est of whom IS the subject of this sketch, 
 being only twelve days old at the time of 
 his mother's death. His second wife was 
 Nancy O'Hara, and by her he had ten sons 
 and daughters. His tliird was Mrs. Nancy 
 H. Jessup. His children are as follows: 
 Joseph married Jane Bunker; Elisha mar- 
 ried Amanda Thomberg; Peter married 
 Sarah J. Thornton; Lewis married Cath- 
 erine IBrown; Bolsar married Catherine 
 Banks; Mary married Henry Crane; Julia 
 A. married Lewis Parker; Maria married 
 Edward Cox; E. Wesley married Sarah 
 Prian ; Dennis T. married Catherine Ear- 
 nest; Francis M. married Martha McLane; 
 Margaret married Geo. Huckeus; W. 
 Riley mari-ied Sarah Crane; Ariadna mar- 
 ried Amos Taylor. On the first day of 
 
 March, 1837, Mr. K. landed in Winnebago 
 Co., after a fourteen days' journey from 
 Laporte, Ind., a distance (if loO miles, 
 during which time snow fell to the depth 
 of one foot. He was at that time ten 
 years of age, and came witli friends to live 
 with his grandfather, who died the follow- 
 ing year, smce wliich time he has been 
 emphatically the architect of his own for- 
 tune. With no one to depend upon, he 
 has by the native energy of his character, 
 wrought out a liandsome fortuue. owning 
 1,400 acres of land in this vicinity, and 
 1,000 in Iowa, with the necessary adili- 
 tional means for managing such a prop- 
 erty. He also conducts a mercantile bus- 
 iness in Cherry Valley. His first wife was 
 Catherine Brown, from Ohio; she died in 
 1862, leaving three children: Lewis W., 
 Luther L. and Roswell C. Man led Miss 
 Louisa M. Farley, from Ohio, in 1864 ; have 
 two children; Julia Florence, born July 
 14, 1869; Estella, March 31, 1871. 
 
 ROCKFORD CITY. 
 
 BEI.Ii THOMAS, Clerk of Winne- 
 bago Co.; born in Scotland, May 20, 
 1847; came to this country in 1851; to 
 Marion Co., this State, in 1855, where, in 
 February, 1862, he enlisted in Co. H., 
 60lh Regt. I. V. I. ; was wounded in bat- 
 tle, near Marietta, Georgia, July 4, 1864; 
 discharged June 20, 1865, and settled m 
 Rockford, AVinnebago Co.; married Miss 
 Priscilla C. Patterson, Nov. 21, 1868; 
 three children, William, Alice and Robert. 
 
 ROWIiAXD \VM. L. Librarian of 
 the Public Library of the Citv of Rock- 
 ford, P. 0. Block; "resides 312 E. State st. 
 
 TAI.COTT CAPT. WILLIAM, 
 
 (Deceased), was born in Gilead, Conn., 
 March 6, 1774, where he remained until 
 1810, when he emigrated with his family 
 to Rome, Oneida Co., N. Y., where he re- 
 mained in agricultural pursuits; during 
 the war of 1812 to '15 the militia of Onei- 
 da Co. was called out and stationed at 
 Sacket's Harbor. N. Y., under the com- 
 mand of Gen. Wiufield Scott, at which 
 time Capt. Talcoti held a lieutenant's 
 commission in a company wliich belonged 
 to the 157th Rouinient of the State Militia; 
 In 1835, together with his oldest sou, 
 Thomas B., he explored what was then 
 "The Great West," making the trip with 
 a horse and buggy, (it being prior to the 
 age of railroads) and selected a location 
 at the junction of the Rock and Pccatoni- 
 ca Rivers, now known as Roekton, Win- 
 nebago Co., 111., to which place he re- 
 moved his family in 1837, theie being 
 then only two wliitc families in the Co.; 
 he erected mills which were for a long 
 time the pioneer mills of the Co., and 
 when customers came with grists even 
 from Fort Winnebago; always anxiousto 
 lay good foundations for the religious in- 
 
670 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNIT DIRECTORY: 
 
 terests of society, early after the arrival of 
 bis family, ou the 23d of March, 1838, he 
 assisted in organizing the first Congrega- 
 tional church there, consisting of fourteen 
 members, of which five were of the Tal- 
 cott family and some years afterwards, af- 
 ter the churcii had erected a meeting 
 house, he gave the society a bell. On the 
 records of the church for June 12, 1855, 
 is found the following: 
 
 "0/i motion Resolved: That for the do- 
 nation of a bell by William Talcott, he is 
 entitled to the thanks of this church and 
 society, and the clerk is directed to enter 
 this resolution upon the records." 
 
 Subsequently at a town meeting a vote 
 of thanks was also passed and it was or- 
 dered that his name be inscribed ou the 
 bell at the expense of the town ; he was 
 identified with the anti-slavery movement 
 from the first, and when it developed into 
 a political organization ; and at the great 
 National Convention of the Liberty Par- 
 ty, at Buffalo, N. Y., in 1844, nominated 
 James G. Birney for the Presidency; he 
 Vas one of seven who voted the ticket in 
 the Co. of Winnebago, Ills., which in 1860 
 was the Banner Co. of the U. S., giving a 
 larger per cent, of its votes for the lament- 
 ed, martyred President Lincoln than any 
 county in the nation; he continued to 
 maintain an intense interest in the absorb- 
 ing public issues of the day, through the 
 most significant periods of the war, and 
 had thehappiness of believing before he 
 passed away, Sept. 2, 1864, that the strug- 
 gle would terminate as it has in favor of 
 Freedom and the Union. 
 
 TAIiCOTT WAIiTER HENRY, 
 
 (Deceased), was born at Rome, Oneida Co., 
 N. Y., Feb. lo, 1814, where he remained 
 with his parents till October, 1835, when 
 he emigrated to 111. in company with his 
 father and brothers and located at the 
 junction of the Rock and Pecatonica Riv- 
 ers, in Winnebago Co. ; he traveled on foot 
 from Chicago, "through the then almost 
 uninhabited country west of the lake, and 
 was obliged to camp out two nights on 
 the way, encamping the third night near 
 where Beloit, Wis., was subsequently lo- 
 cated. Chicago was for a long time the 
 nearest post-otfice, and the customary 
 way to get letters was for some one of the 
 settlers of the neighborhood to go with an 
 ox team, and bring out the mail to the 
 settlement; at that age of the world every 
 letter cost a quarter of a dollar for postage, 
 and it was then more difficult to get " the 
 quarter" than it is now to get " a quarter 
 eagle." 
 
 He was identified early with the anti- 
 slavery movement, being always uncom- 
 promising in his hostility toslavery,and all 
 the laws favoring it, and firmly attached to 
 the Liberty Party from its first organiza- 
 tion. October 1, 1845, he married Emeline 
 McConnell, formerly of Chemung County, 
 
 New York; his business relations were 
 connected with his father, and brothers 
 Thomas B., Wait and Sylvester Talcott, 
 until his death, which occurred at Rock- 
 ton, 111., Dec. 9, 1870; his oldest son, 
 Dwight L. Talcott, at the time the Rebel- 
 lion broke out, was neariug the age at 
 which so many of the young men of the 
 country were permitted to enlist into the 
 Union army, to jeopard their lives, and in 
 many, many cases to lose them, that our 
 noble government might be perpetuated, 
 and make possible " our wonderful Cen- 
 tennial Exhibition " in 1876. 
 
 Dwight Lewis Talcolt enlisted in the 
 Union army, at the age of 17J>6' years, at 
 Belvidere, Boone Co., 111., Jan. 3, 1864; 
 was a member of Co. I, 9th Regt. III. Vol. 
 Cav. ; was provost guard in Fort Picker- 
 ing, near Memphis, Tenn., until March 
 18, 1864, when he came home with the 
 regiment on "veteran furlough;" acted as 
 courier and orderly to Capt. J. W. Harper 
 until the following fall. Harper com- 
 manded the regiment and afterward the 
 brigade. The regiment traveled, by rail- 
 road, steamboat, and marches, over 30,000 
 miles, and scoured, the States of Missouri, 
 Arkansas, Tennessee, Alabama, and Mis- 
 sissippi, from end to end. The following 
 is a list of the principal battles in which 
 he took part: Pontotoc, Miss., July 12, 
 1864; Tupelo, July 15 and 16, 1864; Old 
 Town Creek, Miss., July 16, 1864; Talla- 
 hatchie, Aug. 10, 1864; Al)byville, Miss., 
 Aug. 12, 1864; Hurricane Creek, Aug. 13, 
 1864; Oxford, Miss., Aug. 14, 1864; Sav- 
 annah, Tenn., Oct. 14, 1864; Shoal River, 
 Ala., Nov. 6, 10, 11, 16, 18 and 19, 1864; 
 Lawrenceburg, Tenn., Nov. 21, 1864; 
 Pulaski, Tenn., Nov. 22, 1864; Campbells- 
 ville, Tenn., Nov. 24, 1864, which was 
 Thanksffiving day of that year. 
 
 The night of July 11, 1864, he saved a 
 comrade from falling into the clutches of 
 two rebels who were crawling upon him. 
 The same night was the only man of eight 
 that stood to his post and maintained his 
 ground until help arrived, the rest break- 
 ing for camp when the pickets were at- 
 tacked. 
 
 At Old Town Creek, July 16, 1864, the 
 stock of his gun was hit by a spent ball 
 while loading; in the same fight the 
 breach of the gun burst while firing. 
 
 Near Abbyville, while scouting, shot at 
 two negroes, mistaking them for guerrillas, 
 happily missed them and discovered the 
 mistake. 
 
 At White Station, Miss., in the fall of 
 1864, while outside of the picket lines 
 with a comrade, gathering wild fruit, dis- 
 covered several bushwhackers coming 
 who had not seen them, but caught sight 
 of them as they jumped for their horses, 
 and they had a race for life, running their 
 horses all the way. to camp, something 
 over a mile, the bushwhackers in pursuit. 
 
Too LATE3. 
 
 671 
 
 the bullets whistling around them all the 
 time, but i-eached the lines in safety. 
 
 While out foraging one da)^ rode into a 
 crowd of guerrillas, taking them for our 
 men, as they had on our'uniforms. As 
 they were busy about their breakfast, soon 
 slipped Iheir company, without their dis- 
 covering "the Yankee." 
 
 Was in the saddle on one occasion over 
 forty-eight hours, stopped three times to 
 feed horses, and marched 200 miles. 
 
 In the tight at Shoal River crossed the 
 river three liraes while under a heavy tire 
 from the enemy, they being located on 
 high bluffs, the watei- fairly boiling from 
 the force ot the bullets, which fell as thick 
 as hailstones. On another occasion got 
 placed between two fires, that of the rebels 
 and of the Union troops. 
 
 Nov. 19 were surrounded by the enemy, 
 and retreat across the river being impos- 
 sible, cut an outlet and escaped^ passing 
 down, by file, a steep, miry bank, obliquely, 
 200 feet. The mortification and apparent 
 chagrin of the rebels, when they ibund 
 their prey had unexpectedly escaped their 
 snare, was made known by hideous yells, 
 such as only rebels can make. 
 
 At Lawrenccburg had some very close 
 calls from the bullets of the enemy, but 
 came out without a scratch. 
 
 At Campbellsville, while retreatmg, as 
 the road passed through a narrow gorge, 
 the enemy attempted to cut the command 
 in two. Being ordered to hold the gap at 
 all hazards, the regiment had scarcely 
 dismounted when a heavy fire was re- 
 ceived from a brigade of the enemy. Not 
 a particle daunted, they advanced until it 
 became a hand-to-hand conflict. The 
 company of which he was a member lost 
 twenty-four men in as many minutes, and 
 all were killed or wounded but four, who 
 were taken prisoners, he being one of the 
 four. When captured he had 200 rounds 
 ot ammunition, which were not given up 
 with gun and belt, but kept Irom the 
 enemy and destroyed. Was soon stripped 
 of hat, boots, gloves, knife, and spurs, and 
 was searched by the rebels five or six 
 times during the first night. One of them 
 found some photographs of his parents, 
 which he begged the privilege of keeping, 
 but, with an oath, they were tossed into 
 the fire. For eight days had no food ex- 
 cept the corn picked up where the horses 
 had been fed. Were kept at Fort Colom- 
 bia, Tenn., for fifteen days, living on less 
 than an ear of corn a day. Dec. 17, 18G4, 
 after Hood's defeat at Nashville, started 
 for Southern prisons; marched to luka, 
 Miss., thence by rail, via Corinth and 
 Jackson, Miss., 'Montgomery, Ala., and 
 Macon, Ga., to Andersonville. Tlve pris- 
 oners being crowded into box cars, with 
 neither room to sit or lie down, from two 
 to six died in each car every day. Arriv- 
 ing at Andersonville, saw 200 prisoners 
 
 joining the rebel army, taking the oath of 
 the Southern Confederacy, and drawing 
 clothing and rations. 'JMie future looked 
 dark to the new arrivals, but tlioy took 
 new courage when they tbuiid that not a 
 native-born American was in the lot. In 
 the prison met fellow-piisoners, mere 
 walking skeletons, covered with filth and 
 vermin. Had no protection from the 
 weather in the shape of clothing but the 
 few rags they were allowed to keep. Had 
 no wood, no food, no wholesome water, 
 not even pure air to breatlie, tor the odor 
 of the stockade was delected before it was 
 reached. A railing around the inside, 
 about one rod from the stockade, consti- 
 tuted the " dead line," which to toucli or 
 pass was "death." Receiving no notice tjf 
 it, came near being shot within an hour 
 after arrival, by an attempt to pass under 
 it, but was pulled back and saved by a 
 comrade. Burrowed in the ground for 
 several weeks, taking a severe cold, be- 
 came sick, lost flesh very rapidly, and 
 could hardly crawl. Had not any medi- 
 cal treatment, nor had any of the prison- 
 ers, so far as known, and no religious 
 privileges. The prisoners seemed crazed 
 by their condition, and the stronger 
 preyed upon the weaker. The prison 
 covered about thirty acres, and part of the 
 time was densely crowded. Sometimes 
 two wagon-loads of dead bodies were 
 hauled out in one day. Twenty-eiLdit per 
 cent, of all the prisoners received died in 
 the prison. Their last resting-place was 
 called the "bone-yard," by their fellow- 
 prisoners, for they were genei'ally mere 
 skeletons, and died fron\ starvation. Hav- 
 ing the scurvy, accompanied with diar- 
 rhoea, became so weak were necessarily 
 transferred to another stockade, called a 
 hospital, about one-fourth as large as the 
 former, surrounded on three sides by wet, 
 swampy land, very little, if any, better 
 than the big stockade. Hei-e were some 
 old, worn-out tents to help protect from 
 the weather. The rations were some bel- 
 ter, but insnflicient, received some medi- 
 cal treatment, but had no chance to wash 
 or keep clean. 
 
 The keeper of the prison was Captain 
 Henry Wirz (a native of Switzerland), 
 usually called by the prisoners "The Old 
 Dutch Captain."' He was a tool and a mur- 
 derer in the hands of prominent rebels, 
 dealing out with an unsparing hand all 
 the horrors of disease, pollution and death, 
 that he possibly could, and was vulgar 
 and profane in the extreme. 
 
 A i)ack of blood-hounds was kept at tlie 
 prison to track and catch escaped prison- 
 ers, and their yelping cries were often 
 heard as tliey started on the track of the 
 fugitives. 
 
 March 18, 1865, came a day of deliver- 
 ance to 1,000 of the prisoners, still leaving 
 7 000 He, being nearly dead, was al- 
 
672 
 
 WINNEBAGO COUNTY t)IRECTORY: 
 
 lowed the choice to go or stay, decided to 
 go. Many of liis comrades begged of him 
 to give them his place, saying "you can 
 never live to get home." To their earnest 
 entreaties his reply was, " I may not live 
 to get home, but I wish to die as near 
 home and God's country (as we call the 
 Norih) as I can." He was about the 
 twenty-third man of the one thousand 
 called out. Although weak and scarcely 
 able to stand, how he ever got to the sta- 
 tion, one mile distant, God only knows, 
 for at every attempt to walk he reeled and 
 fell, but most of the times nearer the ob- 
 jective point; so by rolling, crawling and 
 dragging himself along, after six hours' 
 struggle, reached the desired goal. Started 
 in box cars for Vicksburg, Miss., with 
 plenty of hard crackers and pork, the first 
 food of the kind he had seen or tasted 
 since he was taken prisoner. After twelve 
 days' travel arrived at the Big Black 
 River, twenty miles east of Vicksburg, 
 where they were paroled, March oO, 1865. 
 Never before did the flag of the siars and 
 stripes have so much signiticance as it 
 floated in the breeze. It was a touching 
 sight to see the men, with tearful eyes, 
 gazing at that precious emblem of free- 
 dom. Many of the men who had been 
 buoyed up with hope and excitement, now 
 found themselves weak and perfectly 
 helpless. At Vicksburg they were placed 
 on a hospital steamboat, reaching Jeffer- 
 son Barracks, Missouri, April 8, 1865, 
 when, for the first time in four months, he 
 had on a pair of shoes and a hat, being 
 still weak and unable to walk or sit up. 
 His father, who went to bring him home, 
 found him in the hospital, April lltli, and 
 started for home on the 14th, picking him 
 up and carrying him in his arms to the 
 cars, as he would a child, the merest skel- 
 eton of his former self, weighing only 
 seventy-flve pounds, just about one-half as 
 much as when he entered the service, his 
 weight then being one hundred and forty- 
 seven. He was covered with scurvy 
 sores, some so large as the palm of the 
 hand, and hip bones badly protuberant. 
 Arrived at home April 15th, the day the 
 news of President Lincoln's assassination 
 
 was received. Was confined i , his bed 
 several weeks, and the cough he had con- 
 tracted hung around him for fifteen 
 months. His hair fell out, and his skin, 
 which was of a yellow clay color, did not 
 appear healthy for a long time; coidd not 
 partake of food with salt in it, or highly 
 seasoned, for over two months, and was 
 unable to do manual labor of any kind for 
 over a year. He received his discharge 
 June 5, 18G5, at Chicago, 111., and also a 
 notice from the War Department, dated 
 June 20th, that he was duly exchanged. 
 
 In the spring of 1872, he settled in 
 Osage, Mitchell Co., Iowa, where he now 
 resides (1876), engaged in farming. 
 
 ROCKTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 CARPKIJTBR MYRON THOS. 
 
 Farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Rocklon ; born in 
 Berkshire Co., Mass., Feb. 18, 1837; moved 
 to this Co. with his parents in 1854; owns 
 80 acres land ; first wife was Ida L. Hum- 
 phrey; they were married in Beloit, Wis. ; 
 she was born in Beloit, in 1854; died Aug. 
 2, 1874; had one child by this marriage, 
 Maude Ida, born July 27, 1874; present 
 wife was Sophia Leavitt Martin; tliey 
 were married in Rockton, June 20, 1877; 
 she was born in Washington Co. Vt., June 
 16, 1857 ; Mr. Carpenter's father, Thos. Car- 
 penter, was born in Williamstown, Mass., 
 April 13, 1801; came to this Co. in 1854; 
 married Ann Graves, in N. Y., Feb. 12, 
 1829; she was born in N. Y., June 13, 
 1799; he died in this town, Jan. 20, 1874. 
 
 COXKI.IX HENRY W. Farmer; 
 Sec. 32; P. O. Rockton; born in Wayne 
 Co., Penn., June 24, 1827 ; came to this Co. 
 in 1839 ; the country was at that time com- 
 paratively unsettled ; owns 179 acres land ; 
 held the office of Town Collector two 
 years; also various other Tp. offices; mar- 
 ried Alvalina Grover, in Juda, Wis., Nov. 
 28,1856; she was born in Chautauqua Co., 
 N. Y., Feb. 24, 1833; have had five chil- 
 dren : Dorsey Tyler, born in Harrison, in 
 this Co., Oct. 16, 1857; Lemi Henrj^, in 
 Harrison, March 8, 1859; Jas. B., in Har- 
 rison, Aug. 12, 1863; Rosa E., in Oregon, 
 Oct. 17, 1865; Eva E., in Rockton, Jan. 
 25, 1874. 
 
 EBUATA. 
 
 Page 235, twenty-third line from top, "Tinder," should be Tinker. | 
 
 Page 239, first Tine of second paragraph, "Zorley," should be Zai^ey. This mistake 
 occurs wherever the name Zarley appears. 
 
 Page 251, last line of first paragraph, "Halin," should read Hulin.; 
 
 Page 256, third line from top, "James P.," should be James B. Maryn. 
 
 Page 539, biography Alva Beamer, date when he was born should be 1837, instead of 
 "1830." 
 
A. H. Andrews & Co., 
 
 211 'z 213 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO, ILL. 
 
 Laegest Manufacturees in the World oi-' 
 
 School, Church, Office & Bank Fittino-s, 
 
 School Globes d 
 
 .), Apparatus, Maps and Charts. 
 
 School Furniture and Apfaratu 
 
 Andrews' "Triumph" Desk. The best 
 in tlie Avorlil, because Dove- 
 tailed together. 
 
 Wo bolieve that wo 
 offer the only School 
 Dfsk lh:it is (liirablv, 
 
 .111(1 \\iiieli will fj;row 
 stroiif,'i'r and stronger 
 by use and time. 
 
 It is made by dove- 
 tailing: the iron into the 
 wood, and the shrink- 
 ing of the wood only 
 ti^^htens the work. 
 
 Nclioid Ol'lici'l-.i iri// ob- 
 sem; that ivr ri-rrircd Ihe 
 hiiihrst (I ward far lite Tii- 
 uiiip/i iSchitiil Dcuk.s (il Ihe 
 Plnl'idi'lpliiii Internation- 
 al iLxpusilion of lh7(). 
 
 Church,Hall 
 
 — AND — 
 
 Sunday School Fittings. 
 
 Send for Illustrated Catalogue of 
 
 School, Church aud Office 
 
 FU:?NITU:?E, 
 
 Marquetry Flooring, &c. 
 
 No. 613. 
 
 J|^W^/75'l '^ 
 
 We have very large facilities 
 for the manufacture of 
 
 Chiircli Fiirpitlire, 
 
 SUCH AS 
 
 Pulpits, Pews, 
 
 Chairs, Settees, &c. 
 
 ^SUNDAY SCHOOL SEATS, 
 
 Estimates sent on stiort notice. 
 
 No. 180. 
 Sr.vDAY School Sittf.k. Arrnnpod for 
 
 sweeping or for entorinR tlii' I'ew. 
 A reversihle BeatcorrfKiiomiingaccom- 
 
 panies tlio above to alteniatt'. 
 
^ 
 
 J, jy, EASTER & CO, 
 
 The developing of this great western country has brought to the front a feAV represen- 
 tative men in eacli of the leading branches of indu>try. To develop the state, and cause it 
 to blossom like the rose, necessitated farm<Ts; and farmers could do notliing without tools 
 and machines, and the result was far-seeing men, with encriiy and enterprise, laid the founda- 
 tion of the great industries that, by the aid of capital, have been developed into mammoth 
 institutions. 
 
 Among the manufacturers engaged in producing machinery and implements for the 
 farmers, there is probably nowhere to be founil a tirm more widely and favoiably known, than 
 that of J. D. Easter & Co., Chicago. They are recognized as the originatnrs and introduc 
 ers of the celebrated Marsii Harvester, the oiigiual of its class, and to-day the most suc- 
 cessful Harvester made. The expejcieuce of each year suggests new ideas that are at once 
 adopted and added to the machine, keeping it in advance of all the other machinery devised 
 for giain gathering. Heeding the call for an Automatic Grain Binder, they liave secured 
 the mo-t simple imd satisfactory device yei invented, and attached it to the Marsh, and to 
 gether they are the most complete machine for the farmer known for harvesting. Not con- 
 tent witli a harvester of common size only, they also make one called the Harvester King; 
 which is the Marsh, increased to a six fo it cut, and has an immense capacity- for work. In 
 addition to these harvesters, they also make the Warrior Mower, the most perfectl}' working 
 grass cutter in the field. With this, as with all machines they make, the very best mater- 
 ial and workmanship is employed, and the Warrior is celebrated for its perlect -worli and 
 durability. 
 
 The Corr Sulky Plow, also made by them, is a marvel of perfection in its work. It is 
 almost amusing to see with what ease a small boy can manage it, and do as satisfactory 
 work as an eixperienced man. The independent crank axle adjusts it to any condition or 
 shape of surface, and it will work any where that a plow can be asked to run. 
 
 Their experience in the field, among the farmers and stock men, brought to their 
 notice the need of automatic pumps that can be depended on. To meet this necessity 
 tney commenced the manufacture of the Mar.>h Wind Mill, to all intents and purposes the 
 same as any other mill, save in one important feature, and that is its graduating crank, by 
 which the amount of work done by the mill is wholly governed by the winds, the stroke to 
 the pump being ch mged from about three inches to eight mches, so that it will work in a 
 lighter wind than any other wind mill m ide, and in strong winds increases its woik, by 
 which means it will do more pumping, by half, than any other of the same size. These 
 facts, we are assured, can be demonstrated at any time. 
 
 These are the leading machines they make. In addition to tliem, they also make the 
 Easter Harvester, in two sizes — 63^ and 5 feet cut; the Marsh Hiding Cultivator; a Header 
 Atiaehment for the Harvester, etc., making them the manufacturers of the largest a-sort- 
 ment of lari;e and useful farm implements and machines in the countrJ^ To have room in 
 which to do all the work required in supplying these to the farmers, they built a substan- 
 stantial brick block at Nos 14 and 18, Souih Canal Street, .lOxloO, 'hree stories high, where 
 they have a mo t complete and convenient, warehouse and offices, and can transact their 
 immense business witliout delay or confusion. 
 
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