P/V 2287 ■ «& -A i Will o v 4 ©. " H 1 o ' s * V .-.V V A 3 /% 0>' I \ ' ^ \, : _ '% .\\ v ** >^ •■**. v -v <; -"V yr ■V V<\ «* v %*- ^ v '% » - ^''" ^»'- 3JH f* Entered according to Act of Co7igress, in the year 1885, by Nor- man L. Monro, m the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. PREFACE. The writer of these pages feels some diffidence in pre- senting them to the public. They are a sketch — incom- plete as any such sketch must be — of an artist whose career, if her life be prolonged, can hardly be said to have more than begun. There is a charm too in Mary Ander- son, in her enthusiasm for her art, in her high and culti- vated intelligence, in her sweet and gracious womanliness, which are far more easily felt than described. Very few actresses — none, indeed, of other than English birth — have so endeared themselves to the English theater-going public. Rare, indeed, are the names of those who have inspired friendships so warm among some of the most gifted Englishmen and Englishwomen of their time. To have known Mary Anderson intimately is to have lived in the sunshine. To think of her is to be reminded of a line of the great poet of her native land: — I When she passed, it seemed like the ceasing of exquisite music.' , J. M. F. LiOKDOtf. October, 1884. TO MRS. HAMILTON GRIFFIN IS INSCRIBED WITH SINCERE REGARD, THIS SKETCH OF HER DA UGHTER'S LIFE. MARY ANDERSON CHAPTER I. AT HO^IE. Lon"G Branch, one of America's most famous watering- places, in midsummer, its softly-wooded hills dotted here and there with picturesque " frame " villas of dazzling white, and below the purple Atlantic sweeping in rest- lessly on to the New Jersey shore. The sultry day has been one of summer storm, and the waves are tipped still with crests of snowy foam, though now the sun is sinking peacefully to rest amid banks of cloud, aflame with rose and violet and gold. About a mile back from the shore stands a rambling country house embosomed in a small park a few acres in extent, and immediately surrounding it masses of the magnificent shrub known as Hose of Sharon, in full bloom, in which the walls of snowy white, with their windows gleaming in the sunlight, seem set as in a bed of color. The air is full of perfume. The scent of flower and tree rises gratefully from the rain-laden earth. The birds make the air musical with song ; and here and there in the neighboring wood, the pretty brown squirrels spring from branch to branch, and dash down with their gambols the rain drops in a diamond spray. A broad veranda covered with luxuriant honeysuckle and clematis stretches along the eastern front of the house, and the wide bay window, thrown open just now to the summer wind, seems framed in flowers. As we approach nearer, the deep, rich notes of an organ strike upon the ear. Some one, with seeming unconsciousness, is producing a sweet 10 MARY ANDERSON. passionate music, which changes momentarily with the player's passing mood. We pause an instant and look into the room. Here is a picture which might be called "a dream of fair women." Seated at the organ in the subdued light is a young woman of a strange, almost startling beauty. Her graceful figure clad in a simple black robe, unrelieved by a single ornament, is slight, and almost girlish, though there is a rounded fullness in its line** which betrays that womanhood has been reached. A small classic head carried with easy grace; finely chiseled features ; full, deep, gray eyes ; and crowning all a wealth of auburn hair, from which peeps, as she turns, a pink, shell-like ear ; these complete a picture which seems to belong to another clime and another age, and lives ha*rdly but on the canvas of Titian. We are almost sorry to enter the room and break the spell. Mary Ander- son's manner as she starts up from the organ with a light elastic spring to greet her visitors is singularly gracious and winning. There is a frank fearlessness in the beautiful speaking eyes so full of poetry and soul, a mingled tenderness and decision in the mouth, with an utter absence of that self -consciousness and coquetry which often mar the charm of even the most beautiful face. This is the artist's study to which she flies back gladly, now and then, for a few weeks' rest and relaxation from the exacting life of a strolling player, whose days are spent wandering in pursuit of her profession over the vast continent which stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Here she may be found often busy with her part when the faint rose begins to steal over the tree tops at early dawn; or sometimes when the world is asleep, and the only sounds are the wind, as it sighs mournfully through the neighboring wood, or the far-off murmur of the Atlantic waves as they dash sullenly upon the beach. On a still summer's night she will wander sometimes, a fair Eosalind, such as Shakespeare would have loved, in the neighboring grove, and wake its silent echoes as she MART ANDERSON. 11 recites the Great Master's lines; or she will stand upon the flower-clad veranda, under the moonlight, her hair stirred softly by the summer wind, and it becomes to her the balcony from which Juliet murmurs the story of her love to a ghostly Borneo beneath. A large English deerhound, who was dozing at her feet when we entered the room, starts up with his mis- tress, and after a lazy stretch seems to ask to join in the welcome. Mary Anderson explains that tie is an old favorite, dear from his resemblance to a hound which figures in some of the portraits of Mary Queen of Scots. He has failed ignominiously in an attempted training for a dramatic career, and can do no more than howl a dole- ful and distracting accompaniment to his mistress' voice in singing. We glance round the room, and see that the walls are covered with portraits of eminent actors, living and dead, with here and there bookcases filled with favorite dramatic authors ; in a corner a bust of Shake- speare ; and on a velvet stand a stage dagger which oncfc belonged to Sarah Siddons. Over the mantelpiece is a huge elk's head, which fell to the rifle of General Crook, and was presented to Mary Anderson by that renowned American hunter ; and here, under a glass case, is a stuffed hawk, a deceased actor and former colleague. Dressed in appropriate costume he used to take the part of the Hawk in Sheridan Knowles' comedy of "Love/' m which Mary Anderson played the Countess. The story of this bird's training is as characteristic of her passion for stage realism as of that indomitable power of will to overcome obstacles, to which much of her success is due. She determined to have a live hawk for the part instead of the conventional stuffed one of the stage, and with some difficulty procured a half -wild bird from a menagerie. Arming herself with strong spectacles and heavy gauntlets, she spent many a weary day in the pain- ful process of " taming the shrev^. " After a long struggle, in which she came off sometimes torn and bleeding, the is mary Anderson. bird was taught to fly from the falconer's shoulder on to her outstretched finger and stay there while she recited the lines — " How nature fashioned him for his bold trade! Gave him his stars of eves to range abroad, His wings of glorious spread to mow the air And breast of might to use them!" and then, by tickling his feet, he would fly off and flap his wings appropriately, while she went on — "I delight To fly my hawk. The hawk's a glorious bird; Obedient — yet a daring, dauntless bird!" Here, too, are her guitar and zither, on both which instru- ments Mary Anderson is a proficient. And now that we have seen all her treasures, we must follow her to the top of the house, from which is obtained a fine view of the Atlantic as it races in mighty waves on to the beach at Long Branch. She declares that in the offing, among the snowy craft which dance at anchor there, can be distinguished her pretty steam yacht, the Galatea. Night is falling fast, but with that impulsiveness which is so characteristic of her, Mary Anderson insists upon our paying a visit to the stables to see her favorite mare, Maggie Logan. Poor Maggie is now blind with age, but in her palmy days she could carry her mistress, who is a splendid horsewoman, in a flight of five miles across the prairie in sixteen minutes. As we enter the box, Maggie turns her pretty head at sound of the familiar voice, and in response to - a gentle hint, her mistress produces a piece of sugar from her pocket. As Mary Anderson strokes the fine thoroughbred head, we think the pair are not very much unlike. Meanwhile, Maggie's stable com- panion cranes his beautiful neck over the side of the box, and begs for the caress which is not denied him. Night has fallen 1 now m earnest, and the beaming colored boy holds his lantern to guide us along the path, while Maggie whinnies after us her adieu. The grass- MARY ANDERSON. 13, hoppers chirp merrily in the sodden grass, and now and then a startled rabbit darts out of the wood and crosses close to our feet. The light is almost blinding as we enter the cheerful dining-room, where supper is laid on the snowy cloth, and are introduced to the charming family circle of the Long Branch villa. Though it is the home now of an old Southerner, Mary Anderson's step- father, it is a favorite trysting-place with Grant, the hero of the North, with Sherman, and many another famous man, between whom and the South there raged twenty years ago so deadly and prolonged a feud. While not actually a daughter of the South by birth, Mary Ander- son is such by early education and associations, and to these grim old soldiers she seems often the emblem of Peace, as they sit in the pretty drawing-room at Long Branch, and listen, sometimes with tear-dimmed eyes, to the sweet tones of her voice as she sings for them their favorite songs* CHAPTER II. BIRTH AND EDUCATION. Seldom has a more charming story been written than that of Mary Anderson's childhood and youth to the time when, a beautiful girl of sixteen, she made her debut in what has ever since remained her favorite role, Juliet; — and the only Juliet who has ever played the part at the same age since Fanny Kemble. There was nothing in her home surroundings to guide in the direction of a dramatic career; indeed her parents seemed to have entertained the not uncommon dread of the temptations and dangers of a stage life for their daughter, and only yielded at last before the earnest pas- sionate purpose to which so much of Mary Anderson's after success is due. They bent wisely at length before the mysterious power of genius which shone out in the beautiful child long before she was able fully to under- 14 MARY ANDERSON. stand whither the resistless promptings to tread the " mimic stage of life " were leading her. In the end tha New World gained an actress of whom it may be weH proud, and the Old World has been fain to confess that it has no monopoly of the highest types of histrionic genius. Mary Anderson was born at Sacramento* on the Pacific slope, on the 28th of July, 1859, but removed with her parents to Kentucky, when but six months old. German and English blood are mingled in her veins, her mother being of German descent, while her father was the grand- son of an Englishman. On the outbreak of' the civil war he joined the ranks of the Southern armies, and fell fighting under the Confederate flag before Mobile. When but three years old Mary Anderson was left fatherless, and a year or two afterward she and her little brother Joseph found almost more than a father's love and care in her mother's second husband, Dr. Hamilton Griffin, an old Southern planter, who had abandoned his planta- tions at the outbreak of the war, and after a successful career as an army surgeon, established himself in practice at Louisville. Mary Anderson's early years were characteristic of her future. She was one of those children whose wild artist nature chafes under the restraints of home and school life. Generous to a fault, the life and soul of her com- panions, yet to control her taxed to their utmost the parental resources; and it must be admitted she was the torment of her teachers. Her wild exuberant spirits overleaped the bounds of school life, and sometimes made order and discipline difficult of enforcement. She was never known to tell an untruth, but at the same time she would never confess to a fault. Imprisoned often for punishment in a room, she would steadfastly refuse to admit that she had done wrong, and, maternal patience exhausted, the mutinous little culprit had commonly to be released impenitent and unconfessed. Indeed her wild- MARY ANDERSON. 15 ness acquired for her the name of " Little Mustang;" as, later on, her fondness for poring over books beyond her childish years that of " Little Newspaper." At school, the confession must be made, she was refractory and idle. The prosaic routine of school life was dull and distasteful to the child, who, at ten years of age, found her highest delight in the plays of Shakespeare. Many of her school hours were spent in a corner, face to the wall, and with a book on her head, to restrain the mischievous habit of making faces at her companions, which used to convulse the school with ill-suppressed laughter. She would sally forth in the morning with her little satchel, fresh and neat as a daisy, to return at night witfr frock in rents, and all the buttons, if any way ornamental, given away in an impulsive generosity to her schoolmates. It soon became evident that she would learn little or nothing at school; and on a faithful promise to amend her ways if she might only leave and pursue her studies at home, Mary Anderson was permitted, when but thirteen years of age, to terminate her school career. But instead of studying "MagnaH's Questions," or becoming better ac- quainted with "The Use of the Globes," she spent most of her time in devouring the pages of Shakespeare, and committing favorite passages to memory. To her childish fancy they seemed to open the gates of dreamland, where she could hold converse with a world peopled by heroes, and live a life apart from the prosaic everyday existence which surrounded her in a modern American town. Shakespeare was the teacher who replaced the "school marm," with her dull and formal lessons. Her quick perceptive mind grasped his great and noble thoughts, which gave a vigor and robustness to her mental growth. Since those days she has assimilated rather than acquired knowledge, and there are now few women of her age whose information is more varied, or whose conversation displays greater mental culture, and higher intellectual development. Strangely enough, it was the male char- 16 MARY ANDERSON. acters of Shakespeare which touched Mary Anderson's youthful fancy; and she studied with a passionate ardor such parts as Hamlet, Romeo, and Richard III. With the wonderful intuition of an art-nature, she seems to have felt that the cultivation of the voice was a first essen- tial to success. She ransacked her father's library for works on elocution, and discovering on one occasion; "Rush on the Voice," proceeded, for many weeks before it became known to her parents, to commence under its guidance the task of building up a somewhat weak and ineffective organ into a voice capable of expressing with ease the whole gamut of feeling from the fiercest passion to the tenderest sentiment, and which can fill with a whisper the largest theater. The passion for a theatrical career seems to have been born in the child. At ten she would recite passages from Shakespeare, and arrange her room to represent appro pnately the stage scene. Her first visit to the theater was when she was about twelve, one winter's evening, to see a fairy piece called " Puck/' The house was only a short distance from her home at Louisville, and she and her little brother presented themselves at the entrance door hours before the time announced for the perform- ance. The door-keeper happened to observe the children, and thinking they would freeze standing outside in the wintry wind, good natu redly opened the door and ad- mitted Mary Anderson to Paradise — or what seemed like it to her — the empty benches of the dress circle, the dim half-light, the mysterious horizon of dull green cur- tain, beyond which lay Fairyland. Here for two or three hours she sat entranced, till the peanut boy made his ap- pearance to herald the approach of the glories of the evening. From that date the die of Mary Anderson's destiny was cast. The theater became her world. She looked with admiring interest on a super, or even a bill- sticker, as they passed the windows of her father's house; and an actor seen in the streets in the flesh filled her with MARY ANDERSON. 17 the same reverent awe and admiration as though the gods had descended from their serene heights to mmgle in the dust with common mortals. We are not sure that she still retains this among the other illusions of her youth! The person who seems to have fixed Mary Anderson's theatrical destiny was one Henry Woude. He had been an actor of some distinction on the American stage, which he had, however, abandoned for the pulpit. Mr. Woude happened to be one of her father's patients, and the con- versation turning one day upon Mary's passion for a theat- rical career, the older actor expressed a wish to hear her read. He was enthusiastic in praise of the power and promise displayed by, the self-trained girl, and declared to the astonished father that in his youthful daughter he possessed a second Rachel. Mr. Woude advised an imme- diate training for a dramatic career; but the parental repugnance to the stage, was not yet overcome, and Mary remained a while longer to pursue, as best she might, her dramatic studies in her own home, and with no other teachers than the artistic instinct which had already guided her so far on the path to eventual triumph and success. When in her fourteenth year, Mary .Anderson saw for the first time a really great actor. Edwin Booth came on a starring tour to Louisville, and she witnessed his Richard III., one of the actor's most powerful imper- sonations. That night was anew revelation to her in dramatic art, and- she returned home to lie awake for hours, sleepless from excitement, and pondering whether it were possible that she could ever wield the same magic powei. She commenced at once the serious study of "Richard III." The manner of Booth was carefully copied, and that great artist would doubtless have been as much amused as flattered to note the servility with which his rendering of the part was adhered to. A preliminary rehearsal took place in the kitchen before a little colored girl, some years Mary Anderson's senior, who had that 18 MARY ANDERSON. devoted attachment to her young mistress often found in the colored races to the whites. Dinah was so much terri- fied by the fierce declamation that she almost went into hysterics, and rushing up-stairs begged the mother to come down and see what was the matter with " Miss Mami/'as. she was affectionately called at home. Consent was at length obtained to a little drawing-room entertainment at home of "Richard III.," with Miss Mary Anderson for the first and last time in the title role. For some months the young debutante had carefully saved her pocket money for the purchase of an appropriate costume, and, resisting, as best she might, the attractions of the sweetmeat shop, managed to accumulate five dollars. With her mother's help a little costume was got up— a purple satin tunic, green silk cape, and plumed hat — and wearing the tradi- tional hump, the youthful representative of Richard appeared for the first time before an audience in the Tent Scene, preceded by the Cottage Scene from "The Lady of Lyons." The back drawing-room was arranged as a stage; her mother acting as prompter, though her help was little needed; and, judged by the enthusiastic applause of friends and neighbors, the performance was a great success. The young actress received it all with even more apparent coolness than if she had trodden the boards for years, and made her gxits with the calm dignity which she had observed to be Edwin Booth's manner under similar circumstances. Indeed, Booth became to her childish fancy the divinity who could open to her the door of the stage she longed so ardently to reach. She confided to the little colored girl a plan to save their money, and fly to New York to Mr. Booth, and ask him to place her on the stage. Dinah entered heartily into the affair, and at one time they had managed to hoard as much as five dollars for the carrying out of this romantic scheme. Some years afterward when the wish of her heart had been long accomplished, Mary Anderson made Mr. Booth's acquaintance, and recounting to him her childish fancy MARY ANDERSON. 19 asked what he would have done if she had succeeded in presenting herself to him in New York. " Why, my child, I should have taken you down to the depot, bought a couple of tickets for Louisville, and given you in charge of the conductor, " was the rather discouraging answer of the great tragedian. Not long afterward Mary Anderson's dramatic powers were submitted to the critical judgment of Miss Cush- man. That great actress, then in the zenith of her fame, was residing not far distant at Cincinnati. Accompanied by her mother, Mary presented herself at Miss Cushman's hotel. They happened to meet in the vestibule. The veteran actress took the young aspirant's hand with her accustomed vigorous grasp, to which Mary, not to be out- done, nerved herself to respond in kind; and patting her at the same time affectionately on the cheek, invited her to read before her on an early morning. When Miss Cushman had entered her* waiting carriage, Mary Ander- son, with her wonted veneration for what pertained to the stage, begged that she might be allowed to be the first to sit in the chair that had been occupied for a few moments by the great actress. Miss Cushman's verdict was highly favorable. " You have/' she said, " three essential requisites for the stage: voice, personality, and gesture. With a year's longer study and some training, you may venture to make an appearance before the pub- lic." Miss Cushman recommended that she should take lessons from the younger Vandenhoff, who was at the time a successful dramatic teacher m New York. A year from that date occurred the actress' lamented death, almost on the very day of Mary Anderson's debut. Returning home thus encouraged, her dramatic studies were resumed with fresh ardor. The question of the New York project was anxiously debated in the family councils. It was at length decided that Mary Anderson should receive some regular training for the stage; and accompanied by her mother she was soon afterward on 20 MARY ANDERSON. her way to the Empire City, full of happiness and pride that the dream of her life seemed now within reach of attainment. Vandenhoff was paid a hundred dollars for ten lessons, and taught his pupil mainly the necessary stage business. This was, strictly speaking. Mary An- derson's only professional training for a dramatic career. The stories which have been current since her appearance in London, as to her having been a pupil of Cushman, or of other distinguished American artists, are entirely apoc- ryphal, and have been evolved by the critics who have given them to the world out of that fertile soil, their own inner consciousness. There is certainly no circumstance in her career which reflects more credit on Mary Ander- son than that her success, and the high position as an artist she has won thus early in life, are due to her own almost unaided efforts. Well may it be said of her — " What merit to be dropped on fortune's hill ? The honor is to mount it." CHAPTER III. EARLY YEARS 0:N" THE STAGE. Between eight and nine years ago, Mary Anderson made her debut at Louisville, in the home of her child- hood, and before an audience, many of whom had known her from a child. This was how it came about. The saason had not been very successful at Macaulay's Theater, and one Milnes Levick, an English stock-actor of the company, happened to be in some pecuniary difficulties, and in need of funds to leave the town. The manager bethought him of Mary Anderson, and conceived the bold idea of producing " Romeo and Juliet," with the untried young novice in the role of Juliet for poor Levick's benefit. It was on a Thursday that the proposition was made to her by the manager at the theater, and the performance was to take place on the following Saturday. Mary, almost wild with delight, gave an eager acceptance if she MARY ANDERS OX. 21 could but obtain her parents' consent, The passers-by turned many of them that day to look at the beautiful girl, who flew almost panting through the streets to reach her home. The bell handle actually broke in her impetu- ous eager hands. The answer was " Yes/' and at length the dream of her life was realized. On the following Saturday, the 27th of November, 1875, after only a single rehearsal, and wearing the borrowed costume of the man- ager's wife, who happened to be about the same size as herself, and without the slightest "make up," Mary An- derson appeared as one of Shakespeare's favorite heroines. She was announced in the playbills thus: — JULIET . . By a Louisville Young Lady. (Her first appearance on any stage,) The theater was packed from curiosity, and this is what the Louisville Courier said of the performance next morning. Louisville Courier, November 28th, 1875. " We can scarcely bring ourselves to speak of the young actress, w r ho came before the footlights last night, with the coolness of a critic and a spectator. An interest in native genius and young endeavor, in courage and brave effort that arrives from so near us — our own city— pre- cludes the possibility of standing outside of sympathy, and peering in with analyzing and judicial glance. But we Bo not think that any man of judgment who witnessed Miss Anderson's acting of Juliet, can doubt that she is a great actress. In the latter scenes she interpreted the very spirit and soul of tragedy, and thrilled the whole house into silence by the depth of her passion and her power. She is essentially a tragic genius, and began really to act only after the scene in which her nurse tells Juliet of what she supposes is her lover's death. The quick gasp, the terrified stricken face, the tottering step, the pasc onate and heart-rending accents were nature's owi'i marks of affecting overwhelming grief. Miss And- 22 MARY ANDERSON. derson has great power over the lower tones of her rich voice. Her whisper electrifies and penetrates; her hurried words in the passion of the scene, where she drinks the sleeping potion, and afterward in the catastrophe at the end, although very far below conversational pitch, came to the ear with distinctness and with wonderful effect. In the final scene she reached the climax of her acting, which, from the time of Tybalt's death to the end, was full of tragic power that we have never seen excelled. It will be observed that we have placed the merit of this actress (in our opinion) for the most part in her deeper and more somber powers, and despite the high praise that we more gladly offer as her due, we cannot be blind to her faults in the presentation of last evening. She is, undoubtedly, a great actress, and last night evidenced a magnificent genius, more especially remarkable on ac- count of her extreme youth; but whether she is a great Juliet is, indeed, more doubtful. We can imagine her as personating Lady Macbeth superbly, and hope soon to witness her in the part. As Juliet, her conception is al- most perfect, as evinced by her rare and exceptional taste and intuitive understanding of the text. But her enact- ment of the earlier scenes lacks the exuberance and ear- nest joyfulness of the pure and glowing Flower of Italy, with all her fanciful conceits and delightful and loving ardor. " We could not, in Miss Anderson's rendition of the balcony scene, help feeling in the tones of her voice, an almost stern foreboding of their saddening fates — a fore- boding stranger than that which falls as a shadow to all ecstatic youthful hope and joy. Other faults — as evident, undoubtedly, to her and to her advisers, as to us — are for the most part superficial, and will disappear in a little further experience. A first appearance, coupled with so much merit and youth, may well excuse many things. " A lack of true interpretation we can never excuse. We give mediocrity fair common- place words, generally MARY ANDERSON. 23 of commendation unaccompanied by censure. But when we come to deal with a divine inspiration, our words must have their full meaning. " We do not here want mere commendatory phrases, whose stereotyped faces appear again and again. We want just appreciation, just censure. Thus our criticism is not to be considered unkind. Nay, we not only owe it to the truth and to ourselves in Miss Anderson's case, to state the existence of faults and crudities in her acting, but we owe it to her, for it is the greatest kindness, and yet we do not speak harshly and are glad to admit that most of her faults— such for instance as frequently cast- ing up the eyes — are not only slight in themselves, but en- hanced if not caused by the timidity natural on such an occasion. " But enough of faults. We know something of the quality of our home actress. We see with but little further training and experience she will stand among the foremost actresses on the stage. We are charmed by her beauty and commanding power, and are justified in pre- dicting great future success/' In the following February Mary Anderson appeared again at Macaulay's Theater for a week, when she played, with success, Bianca in "Phasio," studied by the advice of the manager, who thought she had a vocation for heavy tragedy; also Julia in "The Hunchback/' Evadne, and again Juliet. The reputation of the rising young actress began to spread now beyond the bounds of her Kentucky home, and on the 6th of March, 1876, she commenced a week's engagement at the Opera House in St. Louis. Old Ben de Bar, the great Falstaff of his time, was manager of this theater. He had known all the most eminent Amer- ican actors, and had been manager for many of the stars; and he was quick to discern the brilliant future which awaited the young actress. The St. Louis engagement was not altogether successful, though it was brightened 24 MARY ANDERSON. by the praises of General Sherman, with whom was formed then a friendship which remains unbroken till to-day. Indeed, the old veteran can never pass Long Branch in his travels without " stopping off to see Mary." Ben de Bar had a theater in New Orleans known- as the St. Charles. It was the Drury Lane of that city, and situated in an unfashionable quarter of the town. Its benches were reported to be almost deserted and its treasury nearly empty. But an engagement to appear there for a week was accepted joyfully by Mary Ander- son. She played Evadne at a parting matinee in St. Louis on the Saturday, traveled to New Orleans all through Sunday, arriving there at two o'clock on the Monday afternoon, rushed down to the theater to rehearse with a new company, and that night appeared to a house of only forty-eight dollars! The students of the Military College formed a large part of the scanty audience, and fired with the beauty and talent of the young actress, they sallied forth between the acts and bought up all the bouquets in the quarter. The final act of "Evadne" was played almost knee-deep in flowers, and that night Mary Anderson was compelled to hire a wagon to carry home to her hotel the floral offerings of her martial ad- mirers. General and Mrs. Tom Thumb occupied the stage box on one of the early nights of the engagement, and the fame of the beautiful young star soon reached the fashionable quarter of New Orleans, and Upper Ten- dom flocked to the despised St. Charles. On the follow ing Saturday night there was a house packed from floor to ceiling, the takings, meanwhile, having risen from 48 to 500 dollars. An offer of an engagement at the Vari- etes, the Lyceum of New Orleans, quickly followed, and the daring feat of appearing as Meg Merrilies was at- tempted on its boards. The press predicted failure, and warned the young aspirant against essaying a part al- most identified with Cushman, then but lately de- ceased, who had been a great favorite with the New MARY ANDERSON. 25 Orleans public, and one of whose best impersonations it was. The actors too, with whom Mary Ander- son rehearsed, looked forward to anything but a suc- cess. Nothing daunted, however, and confident in her own powers, she spent two hours in perfecting a make-up so successful, that even her mother failed to recognize her in the strange, w r eird disguise; and then, darkening her dressing-room, set herself resolutely to get into the heart of her part. Mary Anderson's Meg Merrilies was an immense success; Cushman herself never received greater applause, and the scene was quite an ova- tion. Hearing, on the fall of the curtain, that General Beauregard, one of the heroes of the civil war, intended to make a presentation, she threw off her disguise, and smoothing her hair rushed back to the stage, to receive the Badge of the Washington Artillery, a belt enameled in blue, with crossed cannons in gold with diamond vents, and suspended from the belt a tiger's head in gold, with diamond eyes and ruby tongue. The corps had been known through the war as the "Tiger Heads," and were famed for their deeds of dar- ingand bravery. The belt bore the inscription, "To Mary Anderson, from her friends of the Battalion." She returned thanks in a little speech, which was received with much enthusiasm, and retired almost overcome with pleasure and pride. The youthful actress, who had then not completed her seventeenth year, took by storm the hearts of the impulsive and chivalrous Southerners. On the morning of her departure, she found to her astonish- ment that the railway company had placed a fine " Pull- man" and special engine at her disposal all the way to Louisville. Generals Beauregard and Hood, with many distinguished Southerners, were on the platform to bid her farewell, and she returned home with purse and repu- tation both marvelously grown. After a brief period spent in diligent study, Mary Anderson fulfilled a second engagement in New Orleans, 26 MARY ANDERSON. which proved a great financial success. The criticisms of this period all admit her histrionic power, though some describe her efforts as at times raw and crude, faults hardly to be wondered at in a young girl mainly self-taught, and with barely a year's experience of the business of the stage. About this time Mary Anderson met with the first serious rebuff in her hitherto so successful career. It happened, too, in California, the State of her birth, where she was to have a somewhat rude experience of the old adage, that " a prophet has no honor in his own country." John McCullough was then managing with great success the principal theater in San Francisco, and offered her a two weeks' engagement. But California would have none of her. The public were cold and unsympathetic, the press actually hostile. The critics declared not only that she could not act, but that she was devoid of all capability of improvement. One, more gallant than his fellows, was gracious enough to remark that, in spite of her mean capacity as an artist, she possessed a neck like a column of marble. It was only when she appeared as Meg Merri- lies that the Californians thawed a little, and the press relented somewhat. Edwin Booth happened to be in San Francisco at the time, and it was on the stage of California that Mary Anderson first met the distinguished actor who had been her early stage ideal. He told her that for ten years he had never sat through a performance till hers; and the praises of the great tragedian went far to console her for the coldness and want of sympathy in the general public. It was by Booth's advice, as well as John McCullough's, that she now began to study such parts as Parthenia, as better suited to her powers than more somber tragedy. Those were the old stock-theater days in America, when every theater had a fair standing com- pany, and relied for its success on the judicious selection of stars. This system, though perhaps a somewhat vicious one, made so many engagements possible to Mary Ander- MARY ANDERSON. 27 son, whose means would not have admitted of the costlier system of traveling with a special company. The return journey from California was made painfully memorable by a disastrous accident to a railway train which had preceded the party, and they were compelled to stop for the night at a little roadside town in Missouri. The hotels were full of wounded passengers, and scenes of distress were visible on all sides. When they were almost despairing of a night's lodging, a plain country- man approached them, and offered the hospitality of his pretty white cottage hard by, embosomed in its trees and flowers. The offer was thankfully accepted, and soon after their arrival the wife's sister, a '• school marm," came in, and seemed to warm at once to her beautiful young visitor. She proposed a walk, and the two girls sallied forth into the fields. The stranger turned the subject to Shakespeare and the stage, with which Mary Anderson was fain to confess but a very slight acquaint- ance, fearing the announcement of her profession would shock the prejudices of these simple country folk, who might shrink from having "a play actress" under their roof. Some months after the party had returned home there came a letter from these kind people saying how, to their delight and astonishment, they had accidentally discovered who had been their guest. It seemed the sister was an enthusiastic Shakespearean student, and all agreed that in entertaining Mary Anderson they had "entertained an angel unawares." The California trip may be said to close the first period of Mary Anderson's dramatic career. With some draw- backs and some rebuffs she had made a great success, but she was known thus far only as a Western girl, who had yet to encounter the judgment of the more critical aud- iences of the South and East, as years later, with a reputation second to none all over the States as well as in Canada, she essayed, with a success which has been seldom equaled, perhaps neve^ surpassed, the ordeal of facing, 28 MARY ANDERSON. at the Lyceum, an audience, perhaps the most fastidious and critical in London. CHAPTER IV. THE CAREEK OF AN AMERICAN STAR. Mary Anderson returned home from California dis- heartened and dispirited. To her it had proved anything but a Golden State. Her visit there was the first serious rebuff in her brief dramatic career whose opening months had been so full of promise, and even of triumph. She was barely seventeen,, and a spirit less brave/ or less con- fident in its own powers, might easily have succumbed beneath the storm of adverse criticism. Happily for herself, and happily too for the stage on both sides of the Atlantic, the young debutante took the lesson wisely to heart. She saw that the heights of dramatic fame could not be taken by storm; that her past successes, if brill- iant, regard being had to her youth and want of training, were far from secure. She was like some fair flower which had sprung up warmed by the genial sunshine, likely enough to wither and die before the first keen blast. Her youth, her beauty, her undoubted dramatic genius, were points strongly in her favor; but these could ill counter- balance, at first at any rate, the want of systematic train- ing, the almost total absence of any experience of the representation by others of the parts which she sought to make her own. She had seen Charlotte Cushman, indeed, in " Meg Merrilies/'but of the true rendering of a part so difficult and complex as Shakespeare's Juliet, she knew absolutely nothing but what she had been taught by the promptings of her own artistic instinct. She was herself the only Juliet, as she was the only Bianca, and the only Evadne, she had ever seen upon any stage, hi those days she had, perhaps, never heard the remark of Mademoiselle Mars, who was the most charming of Juliets MARY AKDEBSOX. 29 at sixty. " Si f avals ma jeunesse, je n'aurais pas mon talent.' 3 Coming back then to her Kentucky home from the ill- starred Californian trip, Mary Anderson seems to have determined to essay again the lowest steps of the ladder of fame. She took a summer engagement with a com- pany, which was little else than a band of strolling play- ers. The repertoire was of the usual ambitious character, and Mary was able to assume once more her favorite role of Juliet. The company was deficient in a Eomeo, and the part was consequently undertaken by a lady — a role by the way in which Cushman achieved one of h£r great- est triumphs. In spite, however, of the young star, the little band played to sadly empty houses, and the treasury was so depleted that, in the generosity of her heart, Mary Anderson proposed to organize a benefit matinee, and play Juliet. She went down to the theater at the appointed hour and dressed for her part. After some delay a man strayed into the pit, then a couple of boys peeped over the rails of the gallery, and, at last, a lady entered , the dress-circle. The disheartened manager was com- pelled at length to appear before the curtain and announce that, in consequence of the want of public support, the performance could not take place. That day Mary Anderson walked home to her hotel through the quiet streets of the little Kentucky town — which shall be nameless — with a sort of miserable feeling at her heart, that the world had no soul for the great creations of Shakespeare's master-mind, which had so entranced her youthful fancy. It all seemed like a descent into some chill valley of darkness, after the sweet incense of praise, the perfume of flowers, and the crowded theaters which had been her earlier experiences. But the dark storm cloud was soon to pass over, and henceforth almost un- broken sunshine was to attend Mary Anderson's career. For her there was to be no heart-breaking period of mean obscurity, no years of dull unrequited toil She burst as SO MARY ANDERSON. a star upon the theatrical world, and a star she has re- mained to this day, because, through all her successes, she never for a moment lost sight of the fact that she could only maintain her ground by patient study, and steady persistent hard work. Failures she had unques- tionably. Her rendering of a part was often rough, often unfinished. Not uncommonly she was surpassed in knowl- edge of stage business by the most obscure member of the companies with whom she played ; but the public recog- nized instinctively the true light of genius which shone clear and bright through all defects and all shortcomings. It was a rare experience, whether on the stage, or in other paths of art, but not an unknown one. Fanny Kemble, who made her debut at Covent Garden at the same age as Mary Anderson, took the town by storm at once, and seemed to burst upon the stage as a finished actress. David Garrick was the greatest actor in Eng- land after he had been on the boards less than three months. Shelley was little more than sixteen when he wrote " Queen Mab;" and Beckford's " Vathek" was the production of a youth of barely twenty. In the year 1876, Mary Anderson received an offer from a distinguished theatrical manager, John T. Ford, of Washington and Baltimore, to join his company as a star, but at an ordinary salary. Three hundred dollars a week, even in those early days, was small pay for the rising young actress, who was already without a rival in her own line on the American stage; but the extended tour through the States which the engagement offered, the security of a good company, and of able management, led to an immediate acceptance. On this as on every other occasion, through her theatrical career, Mary An- derson was accompanied by her father and mother, who have ever watched over her welfare with the tenderest solicitude. All the arrangements for the trip were en prince. Indeed we have small idea in our little sea-girt isle, of the luxury and even splendor with which Ameri- MARY ANDERSON. 31 can stars travel over the vast distances between one city and another on the immense Western continent. The City of Worcester, a new Pullman car, subsequently used by Sarah Bernhardt, and afterward by Edwin Booth, was chartered for the party, consisting of Mary Ander- son, her father, mother, and brother, and the young ac- tress' maid and secretary. A cook and three colored por- ters constituted the personnel of the establishment. there was a completely equipped kitchen, a dining-room ommodious family table; a tiny drawing-room with no, portraits of favorite artists, and some choicely- )ookshelves, as well as capital sleeping quarters. It fcerally a splendid home upon wheels. Where the happened to be inferior at any particular town, the party occupied it through the period of the engagement. Visitors were received, friendly parties arranged, and lit- tle of the inconvenience and discomfort of travel experi- enced. It was thus that Mary Anderson made her first great thea f ^ r 1 gh the States. In spite of now Kad - 1 ijtile press, her progress was y places she created an ab- turned away at the theater uncommon occurrence for an .rtised price was seventy-five cents ,mium as twenty-five dollars. The ^od a rich harvest, and Mary Anderson . A iis Southern trip to more money than any Us actor, excepting only Edwin Forrest. There . cts still one drop of bitter in this cup of sweetness and success. The company, jealous of the prominence given to one whom they regarded as a mere untried girl, pro- ceeded to add what they could to her difficulties by " boy- There were t^o exceptions among the rs; and we are pleased to be able to record ese was an Englishman. The ladies were . .oclaiming a war to the knife! say the impassioned youth of the New 32 MARY ANDERSON. World now and then pursued the wandering star in her travels at immense expenditure of time and money, as well as of floral decorations. This is young America's way of showing his admiration for a favorite actress. He is silent and unobtrusive. He makes his presence known by the midnight so* nade beneath her windows; by the bouquets which fall at her feet on every representation, and are sent to the room of her hot J at the same hour each day; by his constant attendance on the cfef ' ure platform at the railway station. We are not sure this silent worship which so often persistently Linlx,*. her path was displeasing to Mary Anderson. It touches if not her heart, yet that poetic vein which runs through her nature, and reminded her sometimes' M pursuit with which Evangeline followed :.' lover. Manager Ford had taken Mary Anderson thro u^i the South with great profit to himself. In this she had had no direct pecuniary interest b^^nd her ixn,. She had, of course, greatly eL lier repletion i'l . her purse. She had become i h e i n her parte,; and even added to her repertoire, tkv, manager's daughter, with whom she played Juliet and La% Macbeth alter- nately, having translated for her " La Fill . • ^ which she has since appeared with great ai^'*^ §^ was then but seventeen and a half, and had never- ^os sessed a diamond- *** ,r i on returning home from churc one Sunday morim^, she foiind ) ^'ewel case con- taining a m; "^cent diamoii toss, ^ acknowledg- ment from the manager of her ^^..^.^ ipany. The gift was the more appreciated from the fact that ; t was a very exceptional specimen of mana^-ai g -< yit in America! The criticisms of V_ \ j^ess d^ .g the early yea ; rs o Mary Anderson's theatrical carov! ' — e full of interest viewed in the light of her after and firmly establish*. MARY ANDERSON. 33 success. They show that the American people were not slow to recognize the genius of the young girl, who was destined hereafter to spread a luster on the stage of two continents. At the same time they are full either of a ridiculous praise which is blind to the presence of the least fault, and would have turned, the head of a young girl not endowed with the sturdy common sense possessed by Mary Anderson;. or they are marked by a vindictive animosity which defeats its very object, and practically attracts r public notice in favor of an actress it is obviously meant t$ cjrush. These newspaper criticisms are further amusing as showing the family likeness which exists be- tween the genus "dramatic critic" on both sides of the Ifelantic. Each seems to believe that he carries the fate of the acu* " his inkhorn. Each seems blind to the fact th? - popuh vox Dei; that favorable criticism never, ve* made an artist, who had not within him the power to win the popular favor: still more, that adverse criticism c°^' never extinguish the heaven-sent spark of true artistic Svp. ' ir f The verdict of Lov' , on its home-grown actress has been given in a preueumg chapter. The estimate, how- of strangers is of far more value than that of friends quaint -ljk. 3j The judgment of St. Louis, where Mary Andersun played her earliest engagements away frop" 1 „ome is, on the whole, the most interesting dramatic ism of her early performances record. St. Louis is a city of consid^ " lr culture, pIuN ,?1ds in much the same relation uu >outb_ as does r modern rival Chicago to_ ; vest. Its newspapers are some of the ablest on the continent, and its audiences perhaps as critical as any in America if we except perhaps such places as Bostc^ or New York. The St. Louis Globe Democr"* a.Ts:— " A diamond in the rough, but yet a diamond, was the mental verdict of ifc_ "jury who sat in the Opera House ■^ight to Mary Anderson on her" first appear 34 MARY ANDERSON. ance here in the character of Juliet. It was in reality her debut upon the stage. She played,, a short time since, for one week in her native city, Louisville, but this is her first effort upon a stage away from the associations which surround an appearance among friends, and which must, to a great extent, influence the general judgment of the debutante's merit We believe her to be the most promising young actress who has stepped upon the boards for many a day, and before whom there is, un- doubtedly, a brilliant and successful career/' The St. Louis Republican has the following very inter- esting notice: — " A fresh and beautiful young girl of Juliet's age em- bodied and presented Juliet. Beauty often mirrors its type in this beautiful character, but very rarely does Juliet's youth meet its youthful counterpart on the stage. A great Juliet is not the question here, but the possibility of a Juliet near the age at which the dramatist presented his heroine. Mary Anderson is un- tampered by any stage traditions, and she rendered Shakespeare's youngest heroine as she felt her pulsing in his lines She leads a return to the source of poetic inspiration, and exemplifies what true artistic instincts and feeling can do on the stage, without either the traditions and experience of acting. She colors her own conceptions and figure of Juliet, and by her work vindicates the master, and proves that Juliet can be pre- sented by a girl of her own age The fourth act exhibited great tragic power, and no want was felt in the celebrated chamber scene, which is the test passage of this role It stamped the performance as a success, and the actress as a phenomenon The thought must have gone round the house among those who knew the facts — Can this be only the seventh per- formance on the stage of this young girl ? " Here is another notice a few months later on in Mary Anderson's dramatic career from the Baltimore Gazette :~ MARY ANDERSON. 85 " Miss Anderson's Juliet has the charm which belongs to youth, beauty, and natural genius. Her fair face, her flexible youth — for she is still in her teens — and her great natural dramatic genius, make her personation of that sweet creation of Shakespeare successful, in spite of her immaturity as an artist. We have so often seen aged Juliets; stiff, stagey Juliets; fat, roomy Juliets; and ill- featured Juliets, that the sight of a young, lady-like girl with natural dramatic genius, a bright face, an unworn voice, is truly refreshing. In the scene where the nurse brings her the bad news of Tybalt's death and Romeo's banishment, she acted charmingly. In gesture, attitude, and facial expression she gave evidence of emotion so true and strong, as showed she was capable of losing her own identity in the role." As an amusing specimen of vindictive criticism, we subjoin a notice in the Washington Capitol, under date May 28, 1876. This lengthy notice contains strong in- ternal evidence of a deadly feud existing between Manager Ford and the editor of the Capitol, and the stab is given through the fair bosom of Mary Anderson, whose immense success in Senatorial Washington, this atrabilious knight of the plume devotes two columns of his valuable space to explaining away. Washington City Daily Capitol, 28th May, 1876. " Miss Anderson comes to us on a perfect whirlwind of newspaper puffs. We use the words advisedly, for in none of them can be found a paragraph of criticism. If Sid- dons or Cushman had been materialized and restored to the stage in all their pristine excellence, the excitement in Cincinnati, Louisville, St. Louis and New Orleans, could not have been more intense. The very firemen of one of those cities seem to have been aroused and lost their hearts, if not their heads; and not only serenaded, the object of their adoration, but got up a decoration for her to wear of the most costly and gorgeous sort. Under this state of facts we waited with unusual impatience for 38 MARY ANDERSON. the sixteen sticks to give the cue that was to fetch on the Juliet. It came at last, and Juliet stalked in. Had Lady Macbeth responded to the summons we could not have been more amazed. Miss Anderson is heroic in size and manner. The lovely heiress to the house of the Capulets, on the turn of sixteen, swept in upon the stage as if she were mistress of the house, situation, and of fate, and bent on bringing the enemy to terms. Her face is sweet, at times positively beautiful, but incapable of expression. Her voice, while clear, is hard, metallic, at intervals nasal, and all the while stagey. She has been trained in the old Kemble tragic pump-handle style of elocution, that runs talk on stilts. Her manner is crude and awkward. In the balcony scene she only needed a pair of gold rimmed glasses to have made her an excellent schoolmistress, chiding a naughty young man for intruding upon the sacred premises of Madame Fevialli's select academy for young ladies. In the love scenes that followed she was cold enough to be broken to pieces for a refrigerator. But who could have warmed up to such a Eomeo ? That unpleasant youth pained us with his quite unnecessary gyrations and spasmodic noise. We soon discovered that Miss Anderson had been coached for Juliet without pos- sessing on her part the most distant conception of the character — -or capacity to render it, had she the informa- tion. She was not doing Juliet from end to end. She was as far from Juliet as the North Pole is from the Equator. She was doing something else. We could not make out clearly what that character was; but it was something quite different and a good way off. Some- times we thought it was Lady Macbeth, sometimes Meg Merrilies, sometimes Lucretia Borgia, but never for a moment Juliet. We speak thus plainly of Miss Anderson because her injudicious and enthusiastic friends are injur- ing, if they are not ruining her. Her fine physique, her dash, her beautiful face, her clear ringing voice, have car- ried crowds off their heads — well, they are off at both MARY ANDERSON. 37 ends; for on last Thursday night the amount of applauding was based on shoe leather. The lovely Anderson was called out at the end of each act. As to that, the active Borneo had his call. We never saw before precisely such a house. The north-west was out in full force. Kentucky came to the front like a little man. General Sherman, sitting at our elbow, wore out his gloves, blistered his hands, and then borrowed a cotton umbrella from his neighbor. Miss Anderson, with all her natural advan- tages, added to her love of the art, her indomitable will as shown in her square prominent jaw, has a career before her, but it is not down the path indicated by these enthu- siastic friends. ' The steeps where Fame's proud temple shines afar' are difficult of access, and genius waters them with more tears than sturdy, steady, persevering talent. "Charlotte Cushman told us once that the heaviest article she had to carry up was her heart. The divine actress who now leads the English-spoken stage began her professional career as a ballet dancer, and has grown her laurels from her tears. "We suspected Miss Anderson's success. It was too triumphant, too easy. After years of weary labor, of heart-breaking disappointments, of dreary obscurity, genius sometimes blazes out for a brief period to dazzle humanity; and quite as often never blazes, but disappears without a triumph. u To such life is not a battle, but a campaign with ten defeats, yea, twenty defeats to one victory. "Miss Anderson will think us harsh and unkind in this. She will live, we hope, to consider us her best friend. " There is one fact upon which she can comfort herself: she could not get two hours and a half of our time and a column in the Capitol were she without merit. There is value in her; but to fetch it out she must go back, begin lower, and give years to training, education, and hard work. She can labor ten years for the sake of living five. As for her support, it was of the sort afforded by John T., the showman, and very funny. Mrs. Germon, God bless 83 MARY ANDERSON. her! was properly funny. She is the best old woman on end in the world. "Komeo (Mr. Morton) we have spoken of. Lingham is supposed to have done Mercutio. Well, he did do him. That is, he went through the motions. He seemed to be saying something anent the great case of Capulet vs. Montague, but so indistinct that there was a general sense of relief when he staggered off to die. Deaths generally had this effect Thursday night, and the house not only applauded the exits, but made itself exceedingly merry. "When Paris went down and a tombstone fell over him, his plaintive cry of ' Oh, I am killed!' was received with shouts of laughter. ic It was the most laughable we ever witnessed. In the first scene one of those marble statues, so peculiar to John T. 's mismanagement, that resemble granite in a bad state of small-pox, fell over. "The house was amazed to see it resolve itself into a board, and laughed tumultuously to note how it righted itself up in a mysterious manner, and stood in an easy reclining posture till the curtain fell. "The scene that exhibited the balcony affair was a sweet thing. Evidently the noble house of the Oapulets was in reduced circumstances. The building from which Juliet issued was a frame structure so frail in material that we feared a collapse. " If the carpenter who erected that structure for the Oapulets charged more than ten dollars currency he swin- dled the noble old duffer infamously. The front elevation came under that order of architecture known out West as Conestoga. It was all of fifteen feet in height, and de- pended for ornamentation on a brilliant horse cover thrown over the corner of the balcony, and a slop bucket that Juliet was evidently about to empty on the head of Eomeo when that youth made his presence known. The house shook so under Juliet's substantial tread, that an old lady MARY ANDERSON. C9 near us wished to be taken out, declaring that 'that young female would get her neck broken next thing.' "In the last scene where the page (Miss Lulu Dickson) was ordered to extinguish the torch, the poor girl made frantic efforts, but failing, walked off with the thing blazing. " When Paris entered with his page, a youth in a night shirt, that youth carried in his countenance the fixed determination of putting out his torch at the right moment or dieing in the attempt. We all saw that. " Expectancy was worked up to a point of intense inter- est, so that when at last the word was given, a puff of wind not only extinguished the torch but shook the scenery, and made us thankful the young man did wear panta- loons, as the consequences might have been terrible. "When Count Paris fell mortally wounded, a tomb- stone at his side fell over him in the most convenient and charming manner. The house was so convulsed with merriment that when poor Juliet was exposed in the tomb she was greeted with laughter, much to the poor girl's embarrassment. And this is the sort of entertain- ment to which we have been treated throughout our en- tire season. But then the showman is a success and pays his bills." The great Eastern cities of America are regarded by an American artist much in the same light as is the me- tropolis by a provincial artist at home. Their approval is supposed to stamp as genuine the verdict of remoter districts. The success which had attended Mary Ander- son in her journeyings West and South was not to desert her when she presented herself before the presumably more critical audiences of the East. She made her East- ern debut at Pittsburg, the Birmingham of America, in the heat of the Presidential election of 1880, and met with a thoroughly enthusiastic reception, to proceed thence to Philadelphia, where she reaped plenty of honor, but very little money. Boston, the Athens of the New 40 MARY ANDERSON. World, was reached at length. When Mary Anderson was taken down by the manager to see the vast Boston Theater, whose auditorium seats 4000 people, and which Henry Irving declared to be the finest in the world, she almost fainted with apprehension. She opened here in Evadne, and one journal predicted that she would take Cushman's place. This part was followed by Juliet, Meg Merrilies, and her other chief impersonations. On one day of her engagement the receipts at a matinee and an evening performance amounted together to the large sum of $7000. The visit to Boston was made memorable to Mary An- derson by her introduction to Longfellow. About a week after &he had opened, a friend of the poet's came to her with a request that she would pay him a visit at his pretty house in the suburbs of Boston, Longfellow being indisposed at the time, and confined tahis quaint old study, overlooking the waters of the sluggish Charles, and the scenery made immortal in his verse. Here was commenced a warm friendship between the beautiful young artist and the aged poet, which continued unbroken to the day of his death. He was seated when she entered, in a richly-carved chair, of which Longfellow told her this charming story. The "spreading chestnut tree," im- mortalized in " The Village Blacksmith," happened to stand in an outlying village near Boston, somewhat in-' conveniently for the public traffic at some cross roads. It became necessary to cut it down, and remove the forge beneath. But the village fathers did not venture to proceed to an act which they regarded as something like sacrilege, without consulting Longfellow. At their request he paid a visit of farewell to the spot, and sanc- tioned whafc was proposed. Not long after, a handsomely carved chair was forwarded to him, made from the wood of the "spreading chestnut tree," and which bore an in- scription commemorative of the circumstances under which it was given. Few of his possessions were dearer MARY ANDERSON. 4! to Longfellow than this dumb memento how deeply his poetry had sunk into the national heart of his country- men. It stood in the chimney corner of his study, and till the day of his death was always his favorite seat. The verdict of Longfellow upon Mary Anderson is worth that of a legion of newspaper critics, and his judg- ment of her Juliet deserves to be recorded in letters of gold. The morning after her benefit, he said to her, "I have been thinking of Juliet all night. Last night you were Juliet!" At the Boston Theater occurred an accident which shows the marvelous courage and power of endurance possessed by the young actress. In the play of " Meg Mer- rilies," she had to appear suddenly in one scene at the top of a cliff, some fifteen feet above the stage. To avoid the danger of falling over, it was necessary to use a staff. Mary Anderson had managed to find one of Cushman's, but the point having become smooth through use, she told one of the people of the theater to put a small nail at the bottom. Instead of this, he affixed a good-sized spike, and one night Mary Anderson, coming out as usual, drove this right through her foot, in her sudden stop on the cliffs brink. Without flinching, or moving a muscle, with Spartan fortitude she played the scene to the end, though almost fainting with pain, till oif the fall of the curtain the spiked staff was drawn out, not without force. Longfellow was much concerned at this accident, and on nights she did not play would sit by her. side in her box, and wrap the furred overcoat he used to wear carefully round her wounded foot. From Boston Mary Anderson proceeded to New York to fulfill a tw r o weeks' engagement at the Fifth Avenue Theater. She opened with a good company in "The Lady of Lyons/' General Sherman had advised her to read no papers, but one morning to her great encour- agement, some good friend thrust under her door a very favorable notice in the New York Herald. The engage- 42 MARY ANDERSON. ment proved a great success, and was ultimately extended to six weeks, the actress playing two new parts, Juliet and The Daughter of Eoland. She had passed the last ordeal successfully, and might rejoice as she stood on the crest of the hill of Fame that the ambition of her young- life was at length realized. Her subsequent theatrical career in the States and Canada need not be recorded here. She had become America's representative tragedi- enne; there was none to dispute her claims. Year after year she continued to increase an already brilliant repu- tation, and to amass one of the largest fortunes it has ever been the happy lot of any artist to secure. CHAPTER V. FIRST VISIT TO ETJKOPE. Ik the summer of 1879, was paid Mary Anderson's first visit to Europe. It had long been eagerly anticipated. In the lands of the Old World was the cradle of the Art she loved so well, and it was with feelings almost of awe that she entered their portals. She had few if any introduc- tions, and spent a month in London wandering curiously through the conventional scenes usually visited by a stranger. Westminster Abbey was among her favorite haunts; its ancient aisles, its storied windows, its thou- sand memories of a past which antedated by so many centuries the civilization of her native land, appealed deeply to the ardent imagination of the impassioned girl. Here was a world of which she had read and dreamed, but whose over-mastering, living influence was now for the first time felt. It seemed like the first glimpse of verdant forest, of enameled meadow, of crystal stream, of pure sky to one who had been blind. It was another atmosphere, another life. Brief as was her visit, it gave an impulse to those germs which lie deep in every poetic soul. She saw there was an illimitable world of Art, whose threshold as yet she had hardly trodden — and MARY ANDERSON. 43 she went home full of the inspiration caught at the ancient fountains of Poetry and Art. From that time an intellectual change seems to have passed over her. Her studies took new channels, and her impersonations were mellowed and glorified from her personal contact with the associations of a great past. A visit to Stratford-on-Avon was one of the most de- lightful events of the trip. It seemed to Mary Anderson the emblem of peace and contentment and quiet; and though as a stranger she did not then enjoy so many of the privileges which were willingly accorded her during the present visit to this country, she still looks back to the day when she knelt by the grave of Shakespeare as one of the most eventful and inspiring of her life. Much of the time of Mary Anderson's European visit was spent in Paris. Through the kindness of General Sherman she obtained introductions to Ristori and other distinguished artists, and, to her delight, secured also the entree behind the scenes of the Theatre Francais. Its magnificent green-room, the walls lined with portraits of departed celebrities of that famous theater, amazed her by its splendor; and to her it was a strange and curious sight to see the actors in "Hernani" come in and play cards in their gorgeous stage costumes at intervals in the performance. On one of these occasions she naively asked Sarah Bernhardt why her portrait did not appear on the walls ? The great artist replied that she hoped Mary Anderson did not wish her dead, as only under such circumstances could an appearance there be per- mitted to her. "Behind the scenes" of the Theatre Francais was a source of never-wearying interest, and Mary Anderson thought the effects of light attained there far surpassed anything she had witnessed on the English or American stage. The verdict of Ristori, before whom she recited, was highly favorable, and the great tragedienne predicted a brilliant career for the young actress, and declared she 44 J[ARY AJSf&BRSON. would be a great success with an English company in Paris, while the "divine Sarah " affirmed that she had never seen greater originality. On the return journey from Paris a brief stay was made at the quaint city of Rouen. Joan of Arc's stake., and the house where, tra- dition has it, she resided, were sacred spots to Mary An- derson; and the ancient towers, the curious old streets, overlooking the fertile valley through which the Seine wanders like a silver thread, are memories which have* since remained to her ever green. During her first visit to England Mary Anderson never dreamt of the possibil- ity that she herself might appear on the English stage. Indeed the effect of her first European tour was depress- ing and disheartening. She saw only how much there was for her to see, how much to learn in the world of Art. A feeling of home-sickness came over her, and she longed to be back at her seaside home where she could watch the wild restless Atlantic as it swept in upon the New Jersey shore, and listen to the sad music of the weary waves. This was the instinct of a true artist nature, which had depths capable of being stirred by the touch of what is great and noble. In the following year, however, there came an offer from the manager of Drury Lane to appear upon its boards. Mary Anderson received it with a pleased sur- prise. It told that her name had spread beyond her na- tive land, and that thus early had been earned a reputation which commended her as worthy to appear on the stage of a great and famous London theater. But her reply was a refusal. She thought herself hardly finished enough to face such a test of her powers; and the natural am- bition of a successful actress to extend the area of her triumph seemed to have found no place in her heart. MARY ANDERSON. 45 CHAPTER VI. SECOND VISIT TO EUROPE. — EXPERIENCES ON THE EKGLISH STAGE. The interval of five years which elapsed between Mary Anderson's first and second visits to Europe was busily occupied by starring tours in the States and Canada. Mr. Henry Abbey's first proposal, in 1883, for an engagement at the Lyceum was met with the same negative which had been given to that of Mr. Augustus Harris. But, hap- pening some time afterw T ard to meet her step-father, Dr. Griffin, in Baltimore, Mr. Abbey again urged his offer, to which a somewhat reluctant consent was at length given. The most ambitious moment of her artist-life seemed to have arrived at last. If she attained success, the crown was set on all the previous triumphs of her art; if failure were the issue, she would return to America discredited, if not disgraced, as an actress. The very crisis of her stage-life had come now in earnest. It found her despondent, almost despairing; at the last moment she was ready to draw back. She had then none of the many friends who afterward welcomed her with heartfelt sincerity whenever the curtain rose on her performance. She saw Irving in " Louis XL" and "Skylock." The brilliant powers of the great actor filled her at once with admiration and with dread, when she remembered how soon she too must face the same audiences. She sought to. distract herself by making a round of the London theaters, but the most amusing of farces could hardly draw from her a passing smile, or lift for a moment the weight of apprehension which pressed on her heart. The very play in which she was destined first to present her- self before a London audience was condemned beforehand. To make a debut as Parthenia was to court certain failure . The very actors who rehearsed with her were Job's com- forters. She saw in their faces a dreary vista of empty houses, of hostile critics, of general disaster. She almost 46 MART ANDERSON. broke down under the trial, and the sight of her first play-bill which told that the die was irrevocably cast for good or evil made her heart sink with fear. On going down to the theater upon the opening night she found, with mingled pleasure and surprise, that on both sides of the Atlantic fellow artists were regarding her with kindly sympathizing hearts. Her dressing-room was filled with beautiful floral offerings from many distinguished actors in England and America, while telegrams from Booth, McCullough, Lawrence Barrett, Irving, Ellen Terry, Christine Nilsson, and Lillie Langtry, bade her be of good courage, and wished her success. The overture smote like a dirge on her ear, and when the callboy came to an- nounce that the moment of her entrance was at hand, it reminded her of nothing so much as the feeling of mourners when the sable mute appears at the door, as a signal to form the procession to the tomb. But in a moment the ordeal was safely passed, and passed forever so far as an English audience is concerned. Seldom has any actress received so warm and enthusiastic a reception. Mary Anderson confesses now that never till that moment did she experience anything so generous and so sympa- thetic, and offered to one who was then but 6i a stranger in a strange land." Mary Anderson's Parthenia was a brilliant success. Her glorious youth, her strange beauty, her admirable impersonation of a part of exceptional difficulty, won their way to all hearts. A certain amount of nervousness and timidity was inevitable to a first per- formance. The sudden revulsion of feeling, from deep despondency to complete triumphant success, made it difficult, at times, for the actress to master her feelings sufficiently to make her words audible through the house. One candid youth in the gallery endeavored to encourage her with a kindly " Speak up, Mary." The words re- called her in an instant to herself, and for the rest of the evening she had regained her wonted self-possession. From that time till Mary Anderson's first Lyceum MARY ANDERSON. 47 season closed, the world of London flocked to see her. The house was packed nightly from floor to ceiling, and she is said to have played to more money than the dis- tinguished lessee of the theater himself. Among the visitors with whom Mary Anderson was a special favorite were the prince and princess. They witnessed each of her performances more than once, and both did her the honor to make her personal acquaintance, and compliment her on her success. , So many absurd stories have been circulated as to Mary Anderson's alleged unwillingness to meet the Prince of Wales, that the true story may as well be told once for all here. On one of the early perform- ances of "Ingomar,"the prince and princess occupied the royal box, and the prince caused it to be intimated to Mary Anderson that he should be glad to be introduced to her after the third act. The little republican naively responded that she never saw any one till after the close of the performance. H. R. H. promptly rejoined that he always left the theater immediately the curtain fell. Meanwhile the manager represented to her the ungracious- ness of not complying with a request which half the actresses in London would have sacrificed their diamonds to receive. And so at the close of the third act Mary Anderson presented herself, leaning on her father's arm, in the anteroom of the royal box. Only the prince was there, and "He said to me/' relates Mary Anderson, f more charming things than were ever said to me, in a few minutes, in all my life. I was delighted with his kindness, and with his simple pleasant manner, which put me at my ease in a moment ; but I was rather sur- prised that the princess did not see me as well." The piece over, and there came a second message, that the princess also wished to be introduced. With her winning smile she took Mary Anderson's hand in hers, and thank- ing her for the pleasure she had afforded by her charming impersonation, graciously presented Mary with her own bouquet. 4B MARY ANDERSON. The true version of another story, this time as to the Princess of Wales and Mary Anderson, may as well now be given. One evening Count Gleichen happened to be dining tete-a-tete with the prince and princess at Marlborough House. When they adjourned to the drawing-room, the princess showed the count some photographs of a young lady, remarking upon her singular beauty, and suggesting what a charming subject she would make for his chisel. The count was fain to confess that he did not even know who the lady was, and had to be informed that she was the new American actress, beautiful Mary Anderson. He expressed the pleasure it would give him to have so charming a model in his studio, and asked the princess whether he was at liberty to tell Mary Anderson that the suggestion came from her, to which the princess replied that he certainly might do so. Three replicas of the bust will be executed, of which Count Gleichen intends to present one to her royal highness, another to Mary Anderson's mother, while the third will be placed in the Grosvenor Gallery. This is really all the foundation for the story of a royal command to Count Gleichen to execute a bust of Mary Anderson for the Princess of "Wales! Among those who were constant visitors at the Lyceum was Lord Lytton, or as Mary Anderson loves to call him, "Owen Meredith/' Her representation of his father's heroine in " The Lady of Lyons" naturally interested him greatly, and it is possible he may himself write for her a special play. Between them there soon sprung up one of those warm friendships often seen between two artist natures, and Lord Lytton paid Mary Anderson the com- pliment of lending her an unpublished manuscript play of his father's to read. Tennyson, too, sought the acquaint- ance of one who in his verse would make a charming pict- ure. He was invited to meet her at dinner at a London house, and was her cavalier on the occasion. The author of "The Princess" did not in truth succeed in supplant- Mary anderso;\. 49 ing in her regard the bar3 of her native land, Longfellow; but he so won on Mary's heart that she afterward pre- sented him with the gift — somewhat unpoetic, it must be admitted — of a bottle of priceless Kentucky w r hisky, of a fabulous age! If Mary Anderson was a favorite with the public before the curtain, she was no less popular with her fellow artists on the stage. Jealousy and ill-will not seldom reign among the surroundings of a star. It is a trial to human nature to be but a lesser light revolving round some brill- iant luminary — but the setting to adorn the jewel. But Mary Anderson won the hearts of every one on the boards, from actors to scene -shifters. And at Christmas, in which she is a great believer, every one, high or low, connected with the Lyceum, was presented with some kind and thoughtful mark of her remembrance. And when the season closed, she was presented in turn, on the stage,, with a beautiful diamond suit, the gift of the fellow artists who had shared for so long her triumphs and her toils. Mary Anderson's success in London was fully indorsed by the verdict of the great provincial towns. Everywhere she was received with enthusiasm, and hundreds were nightly turned from the doors of the theaters where she appeared. In Edinburgh she played to a house of £450, a larger sum than was ever taken at the doors of the Lyceum. The receipts of the week in Manchester were larger than those of any preceding week in the theatrical history of the great Northern town. Taken as a whole, her success has been without a parallel on the English stage. If she has not altogether escaped hostile criticism in the press, she has won the sympathies of the public in a way which no artist of other than English birth has succeeded in doing before her. They have come and gone, dazzled us for a time, but have left behind them no endearing remembrance. Mary Anderson has found her way to our hearts. It seems almost impossible that she 50 MARY ANDERSON. can ever leave us to resume again tlie old life of a wander- ing star across the great American continent. It may be rash to venture a prophecy as to what the future may bring forth; but thus much we may say with truth, that, whenever Mary Anderson departs finally from our shores, the name of England will remain graven on her heart. CHAPTER VII. IMPRESSIONS OF EKGLAKD. Almost every traveler from either side of the Atlantic, with the faintest pretensions to distinction, bursts forth on his return to his native shores in a volume of " Im- pressions. " Archaeologists and philosophers, novelists and divines, apostles of sweetness and light, and star actors, are accustomed thus to favor the public with volumes which the public could very often be well content to spare. It is but natural that we should wish to know what Mary Anderson thinks of the " fast-anchored isle" and the folk who dwell therein. I wish, indeed, that these "Im- pressions" could have been given in her own words. The work would have been much better done, and far more interesting; but failing this, I must endeavor, fol- lowing a recent illustrious example, to give them at sec- ond hand. During the earlier months of her stay among us, she lived somewhat the life of a recluse. Shut up in a pretty villa under the shadow of the Hampstead Hills, she saw little society but that of a few fellow artists, who found their way to her on Sunday afternoons. Indeed, she almost shrank from the idea of entering general so- ciety. The English world she wished to know was a world of the past, peopled by the creations of genius; not the modern world, which crowds London drawing-rooms. She saw the English people from the stage, and they were to her little more than audiences which vanished from her life when the curtain descended. Prom her earliest years she had been, in common with many of her country- MART ANDERSON. 51 men, a passionate admirer of the great English novelist, Dickens. Much of her leisure was spent in pilgrimages to the spots round London which he has made immortal. Now and then, with her brother for a protector, she would go to lunch at an ancient hostelry in the Borough, where one of the scenes of Dickens' stories is laid, but which has degenerated now almost to the rank of a public-house. Here she would try to people the place in fancy with the characters of the novel. " To listen to the talk of the people at such places," she once said to me, " was better than any play I ever saw." Stratford-on-Avon too, was, of course, revisited, and many days were spent in lingering lovingly over the me- morials of her favorite Shakespeare. She soon became well known to the guardians of the spot, and many privi- leges were granted to her not accorded on her first visit, four years before, when she was regarded but as a unit in the crowd of passing visitors who throng to the shrine of the great master of English dramatic art. On one occa- sion when she was in the church of Stratford-on-Avon, the ancient clerk asked her if she would mind being locked in while he went home to his tea. Nothing loath she consented, and remained shut up in the still solemnity of the place. Kneeling down by the grave of Shake- speare, she took out a pocket "Romeo and Juliet" and recited Juliet's death scene close to the spot where the great master, who created her, lay in his long sleep. But presently the wind rose to a storm, the branches of the surrounding trees dashed against the windows, darkness spread through the ghostly aisles, and terror-stricken, Mary fled to the door, glad enough to be released by the re- turning janitor. Rural England with its moss-grown farmhouses, its gray steeples, its white cottages clustering under their shadow, its tiny fields, its green hedgerows, garrisoned by the mighty elms, charmed Mary Anderson beyond ex- pression, contrasting so strongly with the vast prairies, 52 MARY ANDERSON. the primeval forests, the mighty rivers of her own giant land. These were the boundaries of her horizon in the earlier months of her stay among us; she knew little but the England of the past, and the England as the stranger sees it, who passes on his travels through its smiling land- scapes. But a change of residence to Kensington brought Mary Anderson more within reach of those whom she had so charmed upon the stage, and who longed to have the opportunity of knowing her personally. By degrees her drawing-rooms became the scene of an informal Sunday afternoon reception. Artists and novelists, poets and sculptors, statesmen and divines, journalists and people of fashion crowded to see her, and came away wondering at the skill and power with which this young girl, evi- dently fresh to society, could hold her own, and converse fluently and intelligently on almost any subject. If the verdict of London society was that Mary Anderson was as clever in the drawing-room as she was attractive on the stage, she, in her turn, was charmed to speak face to face with many whose names and whose works had long been familiar to her. It was a new world of art and intel- lect and genius to which she was suddenly introduced, and which seemed to her all the more brilliant after the some- what prosaic uniformity of society in her own republican land. To say that she admires and loves England with all her heart may be safely asserted. To say that it has almost succeeded in stealing away her heart from the land of her birth, she would hardly like to hear said. But we think her mind is somewhat that of Captain Mac- heath, in the "Beggars' Opera" — " How happy could I be with either, Were t'other dear charmer away.'' One superiority, at least, she confesses England to have over America. The dreadful " interviewer " who has haunted her steps for the last eight years of her life with a dogged pertinacity which would take no denial, was here nowhere to be seen. He exists we know, but she MARY ANDERSON. 53 failed to recognize the same genus in the quite harmless- looking gentleman, who, occasionally on the stage after a performance, or in her drawing-room, engaged her in conversation, when leading questions were skillfully dis- guised; and., then, much to her astonishment, afterward produced a picture of her in print with materials she was quite unconscious of having furnished. She failed, she admits now, to see the conventional " note-book," so sym- bolical of the calling at home, and thus her fears and sus- picions were disarmed. One instance of Mary Anderson's kind and womanly sympathy to some of the poorest of London's waifs and strays should not be unrecorded here. It was represented to her at Christmas time that funds were needed for a dinner to a number of poor boys in Seven Dials. She willingly found them, and a good old-fashioned English dinner was given, at her expense, in the Board School Room to some three hundred hungry little fellows, who crowded through the snow of the wintry New Year's Day to its hospitable roof. Though she is not of our faith, Mary Anderson was true to the precepts of that Christian Charity which, at such seasons, knows no distinction of creed; and of all the kind acts which she has done quietly and unostentatiously since she came among us, this is one which commends her perhaps most of all to our affection and regard. CHAPTER VIII. THE VERDICT OF THE CRITICS. " Quot homines, tot sententicB." It may, perhaps, be interesting to record here some of the criticisms which have appeared in several of the lead- ing London and provincial journals on Mary Anderson's performances, and especially on her debut at the Lyceum. Such notices are forgotten almost as soon as read, and 54 MARY ANDERSON. except for some biographical purpose like the present, lie buried in the files of a newspaper office. It is usual to intersperse them with the text; but for the purpose of more convenient reference they have been included in a separate chapter. Standard, 3d September, 1883. " The opening of the Lyceum on Saturday evening, was signalized by the assembly of a crowded and fashion- able audience to witness the first appearance in this country of Miss Mary Anderson as Parthenia in Maria LovelFs four-act play of 'Ingomar.' Though young m years, Miss Anderson is evidently a practiced actress. She knows the business of the stage perfectly, is learned in the art of making points, and, what is more, knows how to bide her opportunity. The wise discretion which imposes restraint upon the performer was somewhat too rigidly observed in the earlier scenes on Saturday night, the consequence being that in one of the most impressive passages of the not very inspired dialogue, the little dis- tance between the sublime and the ridiculous was bridged by a voice from the gallery, which, adopting a tone, ejaculated 'A little louder, Mary/ A less experi- enced artist might well have been taken aback by this sudden infraction of dramatic proprieties. Miss Ander- son, however, did not loose her nerve, but simply took the hint in good part and acted upon it. There is very little reason to dwell at any length upon the piece. Miss Anderson will, doubtless, take a speedy opportunity of ■ appearing in some other work in which her capacity as an actress can be better gauged than in Maria Lovell's bit of tawdry sentiment. A real power of delineating passion was exhibited in the scene where Parthenia re- pulses the advances of her too venturesome admirer, and in this direction, to our minds, the best efforts of the lady tend. All we can do at present is to chronicle Miss Anderson's complete success, the recalls being so numer- ous as to defy particularization. " MARY ANDERSON. 55 TJie Times, 3d September, 1883. " Miss Mary Anderson, although but three or four and twenty, has for several years past occupied a leading po- sition in the United States, and ranks as the highest of the American ' stars/ whose effulgence Mr. Abbey relies upon to attract the public at the Lyceum in Mr. Irving's absence. Recommendations of this high order were more than sufficient to insure Miss Anderson a cordial reception. They were such as to dispose a sym- pathetic audience to make the most ample allowance for nervousness on the part of the debutante, and to distrust all impressions they might have of an unfavorable kind, or at least to grant the posses- sion of a more complete knowledge of the lady's attainments to those who had trumpeted her praise so loudly. That such should have been the mood of the house, was a circumstance not without its influence on the events of the evening. It was manifestly owing in some measure to the critical spirit being subordinated for the time being to the hospitable, that Miss Anderson was able to obtain all the outward and visible signs of a dramatic triumph in a role which intrinsically had little to commend it Usually it is the rude man- liness, the uncouth virtues, the awkward and childlike submissiveness of that tamed Bull of Bashan [Ingomar] that absorbs the attention of a theatrical audience. On Saturday evening the center of interest was, of course, transferred to Parthenia. To the interpretation of this character Miss Anderson brings natural gifts of rare ex- cellence, gifts of face and form and action, which suffice almost themselves to play the part; and the warmth of the applause which greeted her as she first tripped upon the stage expressed the admiration no less than the wel- come of the house. Her severely simple robes of virgin white, worn with classic grace, revealed a figure as lis- some and perfect of contour as a draped Venus of Thor- waldsen, her face seen under her mass of dark brown m MARY ANDERSON. hair, negligently bound with a ribbon, was too mignonne, perhaps, to be classic, but looked pretty and girlish. A performance so graced could not fail to be pleasing. And yet it was impossible not to feel, as the play pro- gressed, that to the fine embodiment of the romantic hero- ine, art was in some degree wanting. The beautiful Parthenia, like a soulless statue, pleased the eye, but left the heart untouched. It became evident that faults of training or, perhaps, of temperament, were to be set off against the actress' unquestionable merits. The elegant artificiality of the American school, a tendency to pose and be self-conscious, to smirk even, if tha word may be permitted, especially when advancing to the footlights to receive a full measure of applause, were fatal to such sentiment as even so stilted a play could be made to yield. It was but too evident that Parthenia was at all times more concerned with the fall of her drapery than with the effect of her speeches, and that gesture, action, intonation— everything which constitutes a living indi- viduality were in her case not so much the outcome of the feeling proper to the character, as the manifestation of diligent painstaking art which had not yet learnt to conceal itself. The gleam of the smallest spark of genius w r ould have been a welcome relief to the monotony of talent It must not be forgotten, however, that a highly artificial play like ' Ingomar ' is by no means a favorable medium for the display of an actress' powers, though it may fairly indicate their nature. Before a definite rank can be assigned to her among English actresses, Miss Anderson must be seen in some of her other characters." Daily News, 3d September, 1883. " It will be recollected that Mr. Irving, in his farewell speech at the Lyceum Theater, on the 28th of July, made a point of bepeaking a kindly welcome for Miss Mary Anderson on her appearance at his theater during his absence, as the actress he alluded to was a lady whose MARY ANDERSON. 57 beauty and talent had made her the favorite of America, from Maine to California. It would .not perhaps be un- fair to attribute to this cordial introduction something of the special interest which was evidently aroused by Miss Anderson's debut here on Saturday night. English playgoers recognize but vaguely the distinguishing char- acteristics of actors and actresses, whose fame has been won wholly by their performances on the other side of the Atlantic. It was therefore just as well that before Miss Anderson arrived some definite claim as to her pre- tentions should be authoritatively put forward. These would, it must be confessed, have been liable to miscon- ception if they had been judged solely by her first per- formance on the London stage. ' Ingomar ' is not a play, and Parthenia is certainly not a character, calcu- lated to call forth the higher powers of an ambitious actress. As a matter of fact, Miss Anderson, who began her histrion career at an early age, and is even now of extremely youthful appearance, has had plenty of experi- ence and success in roles of much more difficulty, and much wider possibilities. Her modest enterprise on Saturday night was quite as successful as could have been anticipated. There is not enough human reality about Parthenia to allow her representative to interest very deeply the sympathy of her hearers. There is not enough poetry in the drama to enable the actress to mar our im- agination by calling her own into play. What Miss Anderson could achieve was this: she was able in the first place to prove, by the aid of the Massilian maiden's be- coming, yet exacting attire, that her personal advantages have been by no means overrated. Her features regular yet full of expression, her figure slight but not spare, the pose of her small and graceful head, all these, together with a girlish prettiness of manner, and a singularly re- fined bearing, are quite enough to account for at least one of the phases of Miss Anderson's popularity. Her voice is not wanting in melody of a certain bind, though 58 MARY ANDERSON. its tones lack variety. Her accent is slight, and seldom unpleasant. Of her elocution it is scarcely fair to judge until she has caught more accurately the pitch required for the theater. For the accomplishment of any great things Miss Anderson had not on Saturday night any opportunity, nor did her treatment of such mild pathos and passion as the character permitted impress us with the idea that her command of deep feeling is as yet ma- tured. So far as it goes, however, her method is ex- tremely winning, and her further efforts, especially in the direction of comedy and romantic drama, will be watched with interest, and may be anticipated with pleasure." Morning Post, 3rd September, 1883. *'■ Lyceum Theater. " This theater was reopened under the management of Mr. Henry Abbey on Saturday evening, when was revived Mrs. LovelPs play called ' Ingomar/ a picturesque but somewhat ponderous work of German origin, first pro- duced some thirty years ago at Drury Lane with Mr. James Anderson and Miss Vandenhoff as the principal personages. The interest centers not so much in the bar- barian Ingomar as in his enchantress, Parthenia, of whom Miss Mary Anderson, an American artist of fine renown, proves a comely and efficient representative. In sum- ming up the qualifications of an actress the Transatlantic critics never fail to take into account her personal charms — a fascinating factor. Borne on the wings of an en- thusiastic press, the fame of Miss Anderson's loveliness had reached our shores long before her own arrival. The Britishers were prepared to see a very handsome lady, and they have not been disappointed. Miss Anderson's beauty is of Grecian type, with a head of classic contour, finely chiseled features, and a tall statuesque figure, whose Hellenic expression a graceful costume of antique design sets off to the best advantage. You fancy that you have seen her before, and so perhaps you have upon MARY ANDERSON. 59 the canvas of Angelica Kauffman. For the rest, Miss Anderson is very clever and highly accomplished. Her talents are brilliant and abundant, and they have been carefully cultivated to every perfection of art save one — the concealment of it. She has grace, but it is studied, not negligent grace; her action is always picturesque and obviously premeditated; everything she says and does is impressive, but it speaks a foregone conclusion. Her acting is polished and in correct taste. What it wants is freshness, spontaneity, abandon. Among English artists of a bygone age her style might probably find a parallel in the stately elegance and artificial grandeur of the Kembles. It has nothing in common with the electric verve and romantic ardor of Edmund Kean. Of the feu sacre which irradiated Rachel and gives to Bernhardt splendor ineffable, Miss Anderson has not a spark. She is not in- spired. Hers is a pure, bright, steady light; but it lacks mystic effulgence. It is not empyreal. It is not e the light that never was on sea or land — the consecration and the poet's dream/ It is not genius. It is talent. In a word, Miss Anderson is beautiful, winsome, gifted, and accomplished. To say this is to say much, and it fills to the brim the measure of legitimate praise. She is an eminently good, but not a great artist." Daily Telegraph, 3rd September, 1883. a There was a natural desire to see, nay, rather let us say to welcome Miss Mary Anderson, who made her debut as Parthenia m 'Ingomar' on Saturday evening last. The fame of this actress had already preceded her. An enthusiastic climber up the rugged mountain paths of the art she had elected to serve an earnest volunteer in the almost forlorn cause of the poetical drama: a believer in the past, not merely because it is past, but because in it was embodied much of the beauti- ful and the hopeful that has been lost to us, Miss Mary Anderson was assured an honest greeting at a theater of cherished memories It has 60 MARY ANDERSON. been said that the friends of Miss Anderson were very ill-advised to allow her to appear as Parthenia in the now almost-forgotten play of ' Ingomar/ We venture to differ entirely with this opinion. That the American actress interested, moved, and at times delighted her audience in a play supposed to be unfashionable and out of date, is, in truth, the best feather that can be placed in her cap There must clearly be something in an actress who cannot only hold her own as Parthenia, but in addition dissipate the dullness of ' Ingomar/ And now comes the question, how far Miss Mary Ander- son succeeded in a task that requires both artistic instinct and personal charm to carry it to a successful issue. The lady has been called classical, Greek, and so on, but is, in truth, a very modern reproduction of a classical type — a Venus by Mr. Gibson, rather than a Venus by Milo; a classic draped figure of a Wedgwood plaque more than an echo from the Parthenon ..... The actress has evidently been well taught, and is both an apt and clever pupil; she speaks clearly, enunciates well, occasional^ conceals the art she has so closely studied, and is at times both tender and graceful Her one great fault is insincerity, or, in other words, inability thoroughly to grasp the sympathies of the thoughtful part of her audience. She is destitute of the supreme gift of sen- sibility that Talma considers essential, and Diderot main- tains is detrimental to the highest acting. Diderot may be right, and Talma may be wrong, but we are convinced that the art Miss Anderson has practiced is, on the whole, barren and unpersuasive. She does not appear to feel the words she speaks, or to be deeply moved by the situations in which she is placed. Sh e is forever acting — thinking of her attitudes, posing very prettily, but still posing for all that She weeps, but there are no tears in her eyes; she murmurs her love verses with charming cadence, but there is no throb of heart in them These things, however, did not seem to MARY ANDERSON. 61 affect her audience. They cheered her as if their hearts were really touched These, however, are but early impressions, and we shall be anxious to see her in still another delineation." Standard, 10th December, 1883. "Lyceum Theater. "Miss Mary Anderson has won such favor from aud- iences at the Lyceum, that anything she did would attract interest and curiosity. Galatea, in Mr. W. S. Gilbert's mythological comedy, 'Pygmalion and Gala- tea/ has, moreover, been spoken of as one of the act- ress' chief successes, and a crowded house on Saturday evening was the result of the announcement of its re- vival. An ideal Galatea could scarcely be realized, for there should be in the triumph of the sculptor's art, en- dowed by the gods with life, a supernatural grace and beauty. The singular picturesqueness of Miss Anderson's poses and gestures, the consequences of careful study of the best sculpture, has been noted in all that she has done, and this quality fits her peculiarly for the part of the vivified statue. In this respect it is little to say that Galatea has never before been represented with so near an approach to perfection." Daily News, 10th December, 1883. "The part of Galatea, in which Miss Anderson made her first appearance in England at the Lyceum Theater on Saturday evening, enables this delightful actress to exhibit in her fullest charms the exquisite grace of form and the simple elegance of gesture and movement by virtue of which she stands wholly without a rival on the stage. Whether in the alcove, where she is first dis- covered motionless upon the pedestal, or when miracu- lously endued, with life, she moves, a beautiful yet dis- cordant element in the Athenian sculptor's household. The statuesque outline and the perfect harmony between the figure of the actress and her surroundings, were strik- ing enough to draw more than once from the crowded 62 MARY ANDERSON. theater, otherwise hushed and attentive, an audible ex- pression of pleasure. Rarely, indeed, can an attempt to satisfy by actual bodi ] y presentment the ideal of a poetical legend have approached so nearly to absolute perfection. " The Morning Post, 10th December, 1883. " ' Pygmalion and Galatea,' a play in which Miss Mary Anderson is said to have scored her most generally accepted success in her own country, has now taken at the Lyceum the place of ' The Lady of Lyons/ a drama cer- tainly not well fitted to the young actress' capabilities. Mr. Gilbert's well-known fairy comedy is in many re- spects exactly suited to the display of Miss Anderson's special merits. Its heroine is a statue, and a very beau- tiful simulation of chiseled marble was sure to be achieved by a lady of Miss Anderson's personal advan- tages, and of her approved skill in artistic posing. More- over, the sub-acid spirit of the piece rarely allows its sen- timent to go very deep, and it is in the expression — perhaps, we should write the experience— of really earnest emotion, that Miss Anderson's chief deficiency lies. Gal- atea is moreover by no means the strongest acting part in the comedy, affording few of the opportunities for the ex- hibition of passion, which fall to the lot of the heart- broken and indignant wife, Cynisca. Although in 1871, on the original production of the play, Mrs. Kendall made much of Galatea's womanly pathos, there is plenty of room for an effective rendering of the character, which deliberately hides the woman in the statue. Such a ren- dering is, as might have been expected, Miss Anderson's. Even in her ingenious scenes of comedy with Leucippe and with Chrysos, there is no more dramatic vivacity than might be looked for in a temporarily animated block of stone. Her love for the sculptor who has given her vital- ity is perfectly cold in its purity. There is no spon- taneity m the accents in which it is told, no amorous im- pulse to which it gives rise. This new Galatea, however, is fair to look upon — so fair in her statuesque attitudes MARY ANDERSON. 63 and her shapely presence, that the infatuation of the man who created her is readily understood. By the classic beauty of her features and the perfect molding of her figure she is enabled to give all possible credibility to the legend of her miraculous birth. Moreover, the refine- ment of her bearing and manner allows no jarring note to be struck, and although, when Galatea sadly returns to marble not a tear is shed by the spectator, it is felt that a plausible and consistent interpretation of the char- acter has been given." Tlie Times, 10th December, 1883. " Mr. Gilbert's play i Pygmalion and Galatea/ is a perversion of Ovid's fable of the Sculptor of Cyprus, the mam interest of which upon the stage is derived from its cynical contrast between the innocence of the beautiful nymph of stone whom Pygmalion's love endows with life, and the conventional prudishness of society. Obviously the purpose of such a travesty may be fulfilled without any call upon the deeper emotions — upon the stress of passion, w r hich springs from that ' knowledge of good and evil ' transmitted by Eve to all her daughters. It is suffi- cient that the living and breathing Galatea of the play should seem to embody the classic marble, that she should move about the stage with statuesque grace and that she should artlessly discuss the relations of the sexes in the language of double intent. Miss Anderson's degree of talent, as shown in the impersonations she has already given us, and her command of classical pose, have already suggested this character as one for which she was emi- nently fitted. It was therefore no surprise to those who have been least disposed to admit this lady's claim to greatness as an actress that her Galatea on Saturday night should have been an ideally beautiful and tolerably com- plete embodiment of the part. If the heart was not touched, as, indeed, in such a play it scarcely ought to be, the eye was enabled to repose upon the finest tableau vi- vant that the stage has ever seen. Upon the curtains of 64 MARY ANDERSON. the alcove being withdrawn, where the statue still inani- mate rests upon its pedestal, the admiration of the house was unbounded. Not only was the pose of the figure under the lime-light artistic in the highest sense, but the tresses and the drapery were most skillfully arranged to look like the work of the chisel. It is significant of the measure of Miss Anderson's art, that in her animated moments subsequently she should not have excelled the plastic grace of this first picture. At the same time, to her credit it must be said, that she never fell much be- low it. Her movements on the stage, her management of her drapery, her attitudes were full of classic beauty. Act- resses there have been who have given us much more than this statuesque posing, who have transformed Galatea into a woman of flesh and blood, animated by true womanly love for Pygmalion as the first man on whom her eyes alight. Sentiment of this kind, whether intended by the author or not, would scarcely harmonize with the satir- ical spirit of the play, and the innocent prattle which Miss Anderson gives us in place of it meets sufficiently well the requirements of the case dramatically, leaving the spectator free to derive pleasure from his sense of the beautiful, here so strikingly appealed to, from the occa- sionally audacious turns of the dialogue in relation to social questions, from the disconcerted airs of Pygmalion at the contemplation of his own handiwork, and from the real womanly jealousy of Cynisca." The Graphic, 14th December, 1883. " Never, perhaps, have the playgoing public been so much at variance with the critics as in the case of the young American actress now performing at the Lyceum Theater. There is no denying the fact that Miss Ander- son is, to use a popular expression, 'the rage;' but it is equally certain that she owes this position in very slight degree to the published accounts of her acting. From the first she has been received, with few exceptions, only in a coldly critical spirit; and yet her reputation has gone MARY ANDERSON, 65 on gathering in strength till now, the Lyceum is crowded nightly with fashionable folk whose carriages block the way; and those who would secure places to witness her performances are met at the box offices with the informa- tion that all the seats have been taken long in advance. How are we to account for the fact that this young lady who came but the other clay among us. a stranger, even her name being scarcely known, and who still refrains from those 'bold advertisements,' which in the case of so many other managers and performers usurp the functions of the trumpet of fame, has made her way in a few short months only to the very highest place in the estimation of our playgoing public? We can see no possible ex- planation save the simple one that her acting affords pleasure in a high degree; for those who insinuate that her beauty alone is the attraction may easily be answered, by reference to numerous actresses of unquestionable per- sonal attractions who have failed to arouse anything ap- proaching to the same degree of interest. As regards the unfavorable critics, we are inclined to think that they have been unable to shake off the associations of the essentially artificial characters — Parthenia and Pauline— • in which Miss Anderson has unfortunately chosen to appear. Further complaints of artificiality and coldness have, it is true, been put forth a propos of her first ap- pearance on Saturday evening in Mr. Gilbert's beautiful mythological comedy of ' Pygmalion and Galatea;' but protests are beginning to appear in some quarters, and we are much mistaken if this graceful and accomplished act- ress is not destined yet to win the favor of her censors. The statuesque beauty of her appearance and the classic grace of all her movements and attitudes, as the Greek statue suddenly endowed with life, have received general recognition; but not less remarkable were the simplicity, the tenderness, and, on due occasion, the passionate im- pulse of her acting, though the impersonation is no doubt in the chastened classical vein. It is difficult to 66 MARY ANDERSON. imagine how a realization of Mr. Gilbert's conception could be made more perfect." Tfie World, 12th December, 1883. "The revival of ' Pygmalion and Galatea' at the Ly- ceum on Saturday last, with Miss Mary Anderson in the part of the animated statue, excited considerable interest and drew together a large and enthusiastic audience. Without attempting any comparison between Mrs. Ken- dal and the young American actress, it may at once be stated, that the latter gave an interesting and original rendering of Galatea. As the velvet curtain drawn aside disclosed the snowy statue on its pedestal, in a pose of classic beauty, it seemed hard to believe that such sculptural forms, the delicate features, the fine arms,, the graceful figure, could be of any other material than marble. The gradual awakening to life, the joy and wonder of the bright young creature, to whom exist- ence is still a mystery, were charmingly indicated; and when Miss Anderson stepped forward slowly in her soft clinging draperies, with her pretty brown hair lightly powdered, she satisfied the most fastidiously critical sense of beauty, Galatea, as Miss Anderson understands her, is statuesque; but Galatea is also a woman, perfect in the purity of ideal womanhood. The chief characteristics of her nature are innate modesty and refinement, which, though, perhaps, not strictly fashionable attributes, are appropriate enough in a daughter of the gods. When she loves, it is without any airs and graces. She has not an atom of self -consciousness; she cannot premeditate; she loves because she must, rather than because she will, because it is the condition of her life. Some of the naive remarks she has to utter, might in clumsy lips seem coarse. Miss Anderson delivered them with consum- mate grace and innocence, but her fine smile, her bright sparkling eye, proved sufficiently, that the innocence was not stupidity. The first long speech at the conclu- sion of which she kneels to Pygmalion was beautifully MARY ANDERSON. 67 rendered, and elicited a burst of applause, which was re- peated at intervals throughout the evening. Her poses were always graceful, sometimes strikingly beautiful. " Miss Anderson has the true sense of rhythm and the clearest enunciation; she has a deep and musical voice, which in moments of pathos thrills with a sweet and tender inflection. She has seized, in this instance, upon the touching rather than the harmonious side of Galatea, the pure and innocent girl who is not fit to live upon this world. She is only not human because she is superior to human folly; she cannot understand sin because it is so sweet; she asks to be taught a fault; but the womanly love and devotion, and unselfishness, are all there, writ in clear and uncompromising characters. The first and last acts were decidedly the best; in the latter especially Miss Anderson touched a true pathetic chord, and fairly elicited the pity and sympathy of the audience. With a gentle wonder and true dignity she meets the gradual dropping away of her illusion, the crumbling of her unreasoning faith, the cruel stings when her spiritual nature is misun- derstood, and her actions misinterpreted. She is jarred by the rough contact of commonplace facts, and ruffled and wounded by the strange and cynical indifference to her suf- ferings of the man she loves. At last when she can bear no more, yet uncomplaining to the last, like a flower broken on its stem, shrinking and sensitive, she totters out with one loud cry of woe, the expression of her agony. Miss Ander- son is a poet, she brings everything to the level of her own refined and artistic sensibility, and the result is that while she presents us with a picture of ideal womanhood, she must appeal of necessity rather to our imaginations than to our senses, and may by some persons be considered cold. Once or tw T ice she dropped her voice so as to become al- most inaudible, and occasionally forced her low tones more than was quite agreeable; but whether in speech, in gesture, or in delicate suggestive byplay, her performance is essentially finished. One or two little actions may be 68 MARY ANDERSON. noted, such as the instinctive recoil of alarmed modesty when Pygmalion blames her for saying c things that others would reprove/ or her expression of troubled wonder to find that it is ' possible to say one thing and mean another/ " Daily Telegraph, 10th December, 1883. "'Pygmalion and Galatea/ "It is the fashion to judge of Miss Anderson outside her capacity and competency as an actress. Ungraciously enough she is regarded and reviewed as the thing of beauty that is a joy forever, and her infatuated admirers view her first as a picture, last as an artist. If, then, public taste was agitated by the Parthenia who lolled in her mother's lap and twisted flower garlands at the feet of her noble savage Ingomar; if society fluttered with excitement at the sight of the faultless Pauline gazing into the fire on the eve of her ill-fated marriage, how much more jubilation there will be now that Miss Mary Anderson, a lovely woman in studied drapery, stands posed at once as a statue, and as a subject for the photo- graphic pictures which will flood the town. Unquestion- ably Miss Anderson never looked so well as a statue, both lifeless and animated, never comported herself with such grace, never gave such a perfect embodiment of purity and innocence. In marble she was a statue motionless; m life she was a statue half warmed. There are those who believe, or who try to persuade themselves, that this is all Galatea has to do — to appear behind a curtain as a 'pose plastique/ to make an excellent 'tableau vivantj and to wear Greek drapery, as if she had stepped down from a niche in the Acropolis. All this Miss Mary An- derson does to perfection. She is a living, breathing statue. A more beautiful object in its mnocent severity the stage has seldom seen. But is this all that Galatea has to do? Those who have studied Mr. Gilbert's poem will scarcely say so. Galatea descended from her pedestal has to become human, and has to reconcile her audience to the contradictory position of a woman, who, presum- MARY ANDERSON. 69 ably innocent of the world and its ways, is unconsciously cynical and exquisitely pathetic. We grant that it is a most difficult part to play. Only an artist can give effect to the comedy, or touch the true chord of sentiment that underlies the idea of Galatea. But to make Galatea con- sistently inhuman, persistently frigid, and monotonously spiritual, is, if not absolutely incorrect, at least glaringly ineffective. If Galatea does not become a breathing,- liv- ing woman when she descends from her pedestal, a woman capable of love, a woman with a foreshadowing of pas- sion, a woman of tears and tenderness, then the play goes for nothing. „ , . . . Miss Anderson reads Galatea in a severe fashion. She is a Galatea perfectly formed, whose heart has not yet been adjusted. She shrinks from humanity. She wants to be classical and severe, and her last cry to Pygmalion, instead of being the utterance of a tortured soul, is < monotonous and hollow as a ghost's.' It is with no desire to be discourteous that we venture any comparison between the Galatea of Miss Anderson and of Mrs. Kendal. The comparison should only be made on the point of reading. Yet surely there can be no doubt that Mrs. Kendal's idea of Galatea, while appeal- ing to the heart, is more dramatically effective. It illu- mines the poem." The Times, 28th January, 1884. "Lyceum Theater. "Those who have suspected that Miss Mary Anderson was well advised in clinging to the artificial class of char- acter hitherto associated with her engagement at the Lyceum — characters, that is to say, making little call upon the emotional faculties of their exponent — will not be disposed to modify their opinion from her ' creation ' of the new part of distinctly higher scope in Mr. Gilbert's one act drama, 'Comedy and Tragedy,' produced for the first time on Saturday night. Though passing in a single scene, this piece furnishes a more crucial test of Miss Anderson's powers than -any of her previous assumptions 70 MARY ANDERSON. in this country. Unfortunately it also assigns limits to those powers which few actresses of the second or even third rank need despair of attaining. Such a piece as this,, it will be seen, makes the highest demands upon an actress. Tenderly affectionate, and true with her hus- band, when she arranges with him the plan upon which so much depends: heartless and insouciante in manner while she receives her guests; affectedly gay and vivacious while her husband's fate is trembling in the balance; deeply tragic in her anguish when her fortitude has broken down; and finally overcome with joy as her husband is restored to her arms; she has to pass and repass, without a pause, from one extreme of her art to the other. There is probably no actress but Sarah Bernhardt who could render all the various phases of this character as they should be rendered. There is only one phase of it that comes fairly within Miss Anderson's grasp. Of vi- vacity there is not a spark in her nature; a heavy-footed impassiveness weighs upon all her efforts to be sprightly. The refinement, the subtlety, the animation, the ton, of an actress of the Comedie Francaise she does not so much as suggest. Womanly sympathy, tenderness, and trust, those qualities which constitute a far deeper and more abiding charm than statuesque beauty, are equally absent from an impersonation which in its earlier phases is al- most distressingly labored. While the actress is enter- taining her guests with improvised comedy, moreover, no undercurrent of emotion, no suggestion of suppressed anxiety is perceptible. It is not till this double role, which demands a degree oi finesse evidently beyond Miss Anderson's range, is exchanged for the unaffected ex- pression of mental torture that the actress rises to the occasion, and here it is pleasing to record, she displayed on Saturday night an earnestness and an intensity which won her an ungrudging round of applause. Miss Ander- son's conception of the character is excellent, it is her powers of execution that are defective, and we do not 2IARV ANDERSON. 71 omit from these the quality of her voice, which at times sinks into a hard and unsympathetic key." Morning Post, 28th January, 1884. "A change effected in the programme at the Lyceum Theater on Saturday night makes Mr. Gilbert responsible for the whole entertainment of the evening. His fairy comedy i Pygmalion and Galatea/ is now supple- mented by a new dramatic study in which, under the ambitious title 'Comedy and Tragedy/ he has been at special pains to provide Miss Mary Anderson with an effective role. This popular young actress has every reason to congratulate herself upon the opportunity for distinction thus placed in her way, for Mr. Gilbert has accomplished his task in a thoroughly workmanlike man- ner. In the course of a single act he has demanded from the exponent of his principal character the most varied histrionic capabilities, for he has asked her to be by turns the consummate actress and the unsophisticated woman, the gracious hostess and the vindictive enemy, the humor- ous reciter and the tragedy queen. Nor has he done this merely by inventing plausible excuses for a succession of conscious assumptions, such as those of the entertainer who appears first in one guise and then in another, that he may exhibit his deft versatility. There is a genuine dramatic motive for the display by the heroine of ' Comedy and Tragedy ' of quickly changing emotions and accom- plishments. She acts because circumstances really call upon her to act, and not because the showman pulls the strings of his puppet as the whim of the moment may suggest. The question is, how far Miss Anderson is able to realize for us the mental agony and the characteristic self-command of such a woman as Clarice in such a state as hers. The answer, as given on Saturday by a demon- strative audience, was wholly favorable; as it suggests it- self to a calmer judgment the kindly verdict must be qualified by reservations many and serious. "We may admit at once that Miss Anderson deserves all praise for 72 MARY AN DEES ON. her exhibition of earnest force, and for the nervous spirit with which she attacks her work. It is a pleasant sur- prise to see her depending upon something beyond her skill in the art of the tableau vivant. The ring of her deep voice may not always be melodious, but at any rate it is true, and the burst of passionate entreaty carries with it the genuine conviction of distress. What is missing is the distinction of bearing that should mark a leading member of the famous troupe of players, grace of move- ment as distinguished from grace of power, lightening of touch in Clarice's comedy, and refinement of expression in her tragedy. At present the impersonation is rough and almost clumsy whilst, at times, the vigorous elocu- tion almost descends to the level of ranting. Many of these faults may, however, have been due to Miss Ander- son's evident nervousness, and to the whirlwind of ex- citement in which she hurried through her task; and we shall be quite prepared to find her performance improve greatly under less trying conditions." The Scotsman, 28th April, 1884. " Last night the young American actress, who has, during the past few months, acquired such great popular- ity in London, made her first appearance before an Edin- burgh audience in the same character she chose for her Metropolitan debut — that of Parthenia in 'Ingomar.' • The piece itself is essentially old-fashioned. It is one of . that category of * sentimental dramas ' which were in vogue thirty or forty years ago, but are not sufficiently complex in their intrigue, or subtle in their analysis of emotion, to suit the somewhat cloyed palates of the present generation of playgoers. Yet, through two or three among the long list of plays of this type, there runs like a vein of gold amid the dross, a noble and true idea that preserves them from the common fate, and one of these few pieces is ' Ingomar.' Its blank verse may be stilted, its action often forced and unreal; but the pictures it presents of a daughter's devotion, a maiden's purity, a MARY ANDERS OK TS brave man's love and supreme self-sacrifice, are drawn with a breadth and a simplicity of outline that make them at once appreciable, and they are pictures upon which few people can help looking with pleasure and sympathy. We do not say that Miss Anderson could not possibly have chosen a better character in which to introduce herself to an Edinburgh audience; but certainly it would be difficult to conceive a more charming interpretation of Parthenia than she gave last night. To personal attrac- tions of the highest order she adds a rich and musical voice, capable of a wide range of accent and inflection, a command of gesture which is abundantly varied, but always graceful and — what is, perhaps, of more moment to the artist than all else — an unmistakable capacity for grasping the essential significance of a character, and identifying herself thoroughly with it. Her delineation is not only exquisitely picturesque; it leaves behind the impression of a thoughtful conception wrought out with consistency, and developed with real dramatic power. The lighter phases of Parthenia's nature were, as they should be, kept generally prominent, but when the de- mand came for stronger and tenser emotions the actress was always able to respond to it — as for instance in Parthenia's defiance of Ingomar, when his love finds its first uncouth utterance, in her bitter anguish when she thinks he has left her forever, and in her final avowal of love and devotion. These are the crucial points in the rendering of the part; and- they were so played last night by Miss Anderson as to prove that she is equal to much more exacting roles. She was excellently supported by Mr. Barnes as Ingomar, and fairly well by the repre- sentatives of the numerous minor personages who con- tribute to the development of the story, without having individual interest of their own. Miss Anderson won an enthusiastic reception at the hands of a large and dis- criminating audience, being called before the curtain at the close of each act/' 7i MARY ANDERSON. Glasgow Evening Star, 6th May, 1884. "Miss Anderson at the Royalty. "No modern actress has created such a furore in this country as Miss Anderson. Coming to us from America with the reputation of being the foremost exponent of histrionic art in that country, it was but natural that her advent should be regarded with very critical eyes by many who thought that America claimed too much for their charming actress. Thus predisposed to find as many faults as possible in one who boldly challenged their verdict on her own merits alone, it is not surprising that Metropolitan critics were almost unanimous in their opinion that Miss Anderson, although a clever actress and a very beautiful woman, was not by any means a great artist. They did not hesitate to say, moreover, that much of her success as an actress was due to her physical grace and beauty. We have no hesitation in stating a directly contrary opinion." Glasgow Herald, 6th May, 1884. "Miss Anderson at the Eoyalty Theater. " Since ' Pygmalion and Galatea' was produced at the Haymarket Theater, fully a dozen years ago, when the part of Galatea was created by Mrs. Kendal, quite a number of actresses have essayed the character. Most of them have succeeded in presenting a carefully thought- out and intelligently-executed picture; few have been able to realize in their intensity, and give adequate em- bodiment to, the dreamy utterances of the animated statue. It is a character which only consummate skill can appropriately represent. The play is indeed a cunningly- devised fable; but Galatea is the one central figure on which it hangs. Its humor and its satire are so exqui- sitely keen that they must needs be delicately wielded. That a statue should be vivified and endowed with speech and reason is a bold conception, and it requires no ordinary artist to depict the emotion of such a myth- ical being. For this duty Miss Anderson last night MARY ANDERSON. 75 proved herself more than capable. Her interpretation of the part is essentially her own; it differs in some re- spects from previous representations of the character, and to none of them is it inferior. In her conception of the part, the importance of statuesque posing has been studied to the minutest detail, and in this respect art could not well be linked with greater natural advantages than are possessed by Miss Anderson. When, in the opening scene, the curtains of the recess in the sculptor's studio were thrown back from the statue, a perfect wealth of art was displayed in its pose; it seemed indeed to be a realization of the author's conception of a figure w T hich all but breathes, yet still is only cold, dull stone. From be- ginning to end, Miss Anderson's Galatea is a captivating study in the highest sphere of histrionic art. There is no part of it that can be singled out as better than another. It is a compact whole such as only few actresses may hope to equal." Dublin Evening Mail, 22d March, 1884. " Mary^Axdersox at the Gaiety. cc Notwithstanding all that photography has dene for the last few weeks to familiarize Dublin with Miss Ander- son's counterfeit presentment, the original took the Gaiety audience last . night by surprise. Her beauty outran ex- pectation. It was, moreover, generally different from what the camera had suggested. It required an effort to recall in the brilliant, mobile, speaking countenance be- fore us the classic regularity and harmony of the features which we had admired on cardboard. Brilliancy is the single word that best sums up the characteristics of Miss Anderson's face, figure and movements on the stage. But it is a brilliancy that is altogether natural and spontaneous — a natural gift, not acquisition; and it is a brilliancy which, while it is all alive with intelligence and sympathy, is instinct to the core with a virginal sweetness and purity. In ' Ingomar ' the heroine comes very early and abruptly on the scene before the audience is interested in her 76 MARY ANDERSON. arrival, or lias,, indeed, got rid of the garish realities of the street. But Miss Anderson's appearance spoke for itself without any aid from the playwright. The house, after a moment's hesitation, broke out into sudden and quickly-growing applause, which was evidently a tribute not to the artist, but to the woman. She understood this herself, and evidently enjoyed her triumph with a frank and girlish pleasure. She had conquered her audience before opening her lips. She is of rather tall stature, a figure slight but perfectly modeled, her well-shaped head dressed Greek fashion with the simple knot behind, her arms, which the Greek costume displayed to the shoulder, long, white, and of a roundness seldom attained so early in life, her walk and all her attitudes consummately grace- ful and expressive. A more general form of disparage- ment is that which pretends to account for all Miss Ander- son's popularity by her beauty. It is her beauty, these people say, not her acting, that draws the crowd. We suspect the fact to be that Miss Anderson's uncommon beauty is rather a hindrance than a help to the perception of her real dramatic merits. People do not easily believe that one and the same person can be distinguished in the highest degree by different and independent excellences. They find it easier to make one of the excellences do duty for both. Miss Anderson, it may be admitted, is not a Sarah Bernhardt. At the same time we must observe that at twenty-three the incomparable Sarah was not the consummate artist that she is now, and has been for many years. We are not at all inclined to rank Miss Anderson as an actress at a lower level than the very high one of Miss Helen Fauoit, of whose Antigone she reminded us in several passages last night. Miss Faucit was more statu- esque in her poses, more classical, and, perhaps, touched occasionally a more profoundly pathetic chord. But the balance is redeemed by other qualities of Miss Anderson's acting, quite apart from all consideration of personal beauty. MARY ANDERSON. 77 ! " ' Ingomar,' it must be said, is a mere melodrama, and as such does not afford the highest test of an actor's ca- pacity. The wonder is that Miss Anderson makes so much of it. In her hands it was really a stirring and very effective play." Dublin Daily Express, 28th March, 1884. "Miss Anderson as Galatea. " Nothing that the sculptor's art could create could be more beautiful than the still figure of Galatea, in classic pose, with gracefully flowing robes, looking clown from her pedestal on the hands that have given her form, and it is not too much to say that nothing could be added to render more perfect the illusion. The whole pose — her aspect, the contour of her head, the exquisite turn of the stately throat, the faultless symmetry of shoulder' and arms — everything is in keeping with the realization of the most perfect, most beautiful, and most illusive figure that has ever been witnessed on the stage. Miss Anderson indeed is liberally endowed with physical charms, so fascinating that we can understand an audience finding it not a little difficult to refrain from giving the rein to enthusiasm m the presence of this fairest of Galateas. From these re- marks, however, it is not intended to be inferred that the young American is merely a graceful creature with a 'pretty face/ Miss Anderson is unquestionably a fine actress, and the high position which she now deservedly oc- cupies amongst her sister artists, we are inclined to think, has been gained perhaps less through her personal attrac- tions than by the sterling characteristics of her art. Each of her scenes bears the stamp of intelligence of an un- common order, and perhaps not the least remarkable feat- ure in her portraiture of Galatea is that her effects, one and all, are produced without a suspicion of straining. Those who were present in the crowded theater last night, and saw the actress in the role — said to be her finest — ■ had, we are sure, no room to qualify the high reputation which preceded the impersonation." T8 3IARY ANDERSON. CHAPTER IX. MARY AKDERSON AS AX ACTRESS. The author approaches this, his concluding chapter, with some degree of diffidence. Though he has in the foregoing pages essayed something like a portrait of a very distinguished artist, he is not by profession a dra- matic critic. He does not belong to that noble band at whose nod the actor is usually supposed to tremble. He is not a " first-nighter/' who, by the light of the mid- night oil, dips his mighty pen in the ink which is to seal on to-morrow's broad-sheet, as he proudly imagines, the professional fate of the artists who are submitted for his censure or his praise. Not that he is by any moans an implicit believer in the verdict of the professional critic. An actor who succeeds, should often fail according to the recognized canons of dramatic criticism, and the reverse. That the beautiful harmony of nature and the eternal fit- ness of things dramatic are not always preserved, is due to that profannm valgus which sometimes reverses the decisions of those dramatic divinities who sit enthroned, like the twelve Caesars, in the sacred temple of criticism, as the inspired representatives of the press. Those who have been at the trouble to read the various and conflicting notices of the chief London journals upon Mary Anderson's performances — for those of the great provincial towns she visited present a singular unanimity in her favor — must have found it difficult, if not impossible, to decide either on her merits as an artist, or on the true place to be assigned to her in the temple of the drama. The veriest misogynist among critics was compelled, in spite of himself, to confess to the charm of her strange beauty. Hers, as all agreed, was the loveliest face and the most graceful figure which had appeared on the London boards within the memory of a generation. According to some she was an accomplished actress, but she lacked that divine spark which stamps the true artist. Others MARY ANDERSON. M attributed her success to nothing but her personal grace and beauty; while one critic, bolder than his fellows, even went so far as to declare that whether she wore the attire of a Grecian maid, -of a fine French lady of a cent- ury ago, or of the fabled Galatea, only pretty Miss Anderson, of Louisville, Kentucky, peeped out through every disguise. Several causes, perhaps, combined to this uncertain sound which went forth from the trumpet of the dramatic critic. Mary Anderson was an American artist, who came here, it is true, with a great American reputation; but so had come others before her, some of whom had wholly failed to stand the fierce test of the London footlights. Then to "damn her with faint praise," would not only be a safe course at the outset, but the steps to a becoming locus penitenticB would be easy and gradual if the Vane should, in spite of the critics, veer round to the point of popular favor. One of the most distinguished of English journalists lately observed in the House of Commons that certain writers in back parlors were in the habit of palming off their effusions as the voice of the great English public, till that voice made itself heard. When the voice of the English theater- going public upon Mary Anderson came to make itself heard in the crowded and enthusiastic audiences of the Lyceum, in the friendship of all that was most cultivated and best worth knowing in London society, it failed alto- gether to echo the trumpet, we will not say of the back parlor critics only, but of some critics distinguished in their profession, who can little have anticipated how quickly the popular verdict would modify, if not reverse their own. It may be interesting to quote here some observations very much to the point, on the dramatic criticism of the day, in an admirable paper read recently by Mrs. Kendal before the Social Science Congress. It will hardly be denied that there are few artists competent to speak with more authority on matters theatrical, or better able to eO MARY ANDERSON. form a judgment on the true inwardness of that Press criticism to which herself and her fellow artists are so constantly subject: "Existing critics generally rush into extremes,, and either over-praise or too cruelly condemn. The public, as a matter of course, turn to the newspapers for informa- tion, but how can any judgment be formed when either* indiscriminate praise or unqualified abuse is given to al- most every new piece and to the actors who interpret it? Criticism, if it is to be worth anything, should surely be criticism, but nowadays the writing of a picturesque article, replete with eulogy, or the reverse, seems to be the aim of the theatrical reviewer. Of course, the in- fluence of the Press upon the stage is very powerful, but it will cease to be so if playgoers find that their mentors, the critics, are not trustworthy guides. The public must, after all, decide the fate of a new play. If it be bad, the Englishman of to-day will not declare it is good because the newspapers have told him so. He will be disappointed, he will be bored, he will tell his friends so, and the bad piece will fail to draw audiences. If, on the other hand, the play is a good one, which has been con- demned by the Press, it will quicken the pulse and stir the heart of an audience in spite of adverse criticism. The report that it contains the true ring will go about, and success must follow. In a word, though the Press can do very much to further the interests of the stage, it is powerless to kill good work, and cannot galvanize that which is invertebrate into life. " To determine Mary Anderson's true stage place, and to make a fair and impartial criticism of her performances is rendered further difficult by the fact, that the English stage offers in the last generation scarcely one with whom she can be compared, if we except perhaps Helen Faucit. Between herself and that great artist, middle-aged play- goers seem to find a certain resemblance; but to the present generation of playgoers Mary Anderson is an ab- MARY ANDERSON. 81 solutely new revelation on the London boards. Recalling the roll of artists who have essayed similar parts for the last five and twenty years, w r e can name not one who has given as she did what we may best describe as a new stage sensation. Never was the pride of a free maiden of ancient Greece more nobly expressed than in Parthenia: never were the gradual steps from fear and abhorrence to love more finely portrayed than in the stages of her rising passion for the savage chieftain, whose captive hostage she was. Her Pauline was the old patrician beauty of France living on the stage, a true woman in spite of the selfish veneer of pride and caste with which the traditions of the ancient noblesse had covered her; while Galatea found in her certainly the most poetic and beautiful repre- sentation of that fanciful character, ever seen on any stage. This was the verdict of the public who thronged the Lyceum to its utmost capacity, during the months of the past winter. This was the verdict, too, of the largest provincial towns of the kingdom. The critics, some of them, were willing to concede to Mary Anderson the pos- session of every grace which can adorn a woman, and of every qualification which can make an artist attractive, with a solitary but fatal reservation — she was devoid of genius. But what, indeed, is genius after all? It is the magic power to touch unerringly a sympathetic chord in the human breast. The novelist, whose characters seem to be living; the painter, the figures on whose canvas ap- pear to breathe; the actor who, while he treads the stage, is forgotten in the character he assumes; all these possess it. This was the verdict of the public upon Mary Ander- son, and we are fain to believe that— pace the critics — it was the true one. Her Clarice was perhaps the least success- ful of her impersonations; and given as an afterpiece, it taxed unfairly the endurance of an actress, who had already been some hours upon the stage. But as a strik- ing illustration of the reality of her performance, we may mention, that, in the scene where she is supposed by MARY AjsBEHSGK -I her guests to be acting, her fellow actors, who should have applauded the tragic outburst which the public divine to be real, were so disconcerted by the vehemence and seeming reality of her grief and despair, that on the first representation of "Comedy and Tragedy "they actu- ally forgot their parts, and had to be called to task by the author for failing properly to support the star. " No man," it is said, "is a hero to his valet de chambre" and few indeed are the artists who can make their fellow art- ists on the stage forget that the mimic passion which convulses them is but consummate art after all. Mary Anderson's present Lyceum season will exhibit her in characters which will give opportunity for display- ing powers of a widely different order to those called forth in the last. A new Juliet and a new Lady Macbeth will show the capacity she possesses for the true exhibition of the tenderest as well as the stormiest passions which can agitate the human breast; and she may perhaps appear in Cush man's famous role of Meg Merrilies. In all these she invites comparison with great impersonators of these parts who are familiar to the stage. We will not antici- pate the verdict *of the public, but of this much we are assured that rarely can Shakespeare's favorite heroine have been represented by so much youth, and grace, and beauty, and genuine artistic ability combined. Juliet was her first part, and has always been, regarded by Mary Anderson with the affection due to a first love. But it may not be generally known that she imagines her forte *to lie rather in the exhibition of the stormier passions, and that she succeeds better in parts like Lady Macbeth or Meg Merrilies. I remember her once saying to me, as she raised her beautiful figure to its full height, and stretched her hand to the ceiling, "I am always at my best when I am uttering maledictions." Thus far, Mary Anderson has shown herself to us in characters which must give a very incomplete estimate of her powers. None indeed of the parts she assumed were adapted to bring MARY ANDERSON. 83 out the highest qualities of an artist. That she has suc- ceeded in inspiring the freshness and glow of life into plays, some of which, at least, were supposed to be con- signed almost to the limbo of disused stage properties, stamps her as possessing genuine histrionic power. She has earned distinguished fame all over the Western conti- nent. London as well as the great cities of the kingdom have hailed her as a Queen of the Stage. Such an experi- ence as hers is rare indeed, almost solitary, in its annals. A self-trained girl, born quite out of the circle or influence of stage associations, she burst, when but sixteen, as a star on the theatrical horizon; and if her grace, her youth, her beauty, have helped her in the upward flight, they have helped alone, and could not have atoned for the want of that divine spark, which is the birthright of the artist who makes a mark upon his generation and his time. When the more recent history of the English-speaking stage shall once again be written, we do not doubt that Mary Anderson will take her fitting place, side by side with the many great artists who have so adorned it in the last half century; with Charlotte Oushman, Helen Faucit, and Fanny Stirling, who represent its earlier glories; with Mrs. Kendal, Mrs. Bancroft, and Ellen Terry, whose names are interwoven with the triumphs of later years. [THE E2ND.] Munro's Library. NORMAN L. MUNRO, Publisher, jP. O. Box 3643. 24 and 26 Vandewater St., N. Y. The following works are for sale by the Newsdealer through whom you receive this catalogue. LIST OF AUTHORS, COMPILED FOR EASY REFERENCE. MRS. ALEXANDER'S WORKS. KO. PRICK. 75— The Executor 20 181— Maid, Wife or Widow? 10 186— The Wooing O't 20 195— Which Shall It Be? 20 WILLIAM BLACK'S WORKS. K 2;- ^ , , price. 25— Yolande 20 36— A Princess of Thule ^. 20 177— White Wings: A Yachting Romance 20 238 — Judith Shakespeare 20 MISS M. E. BRADDON'S WORKS. NO. PRICE. 26— Lady Audlev's Secret 20 66— Aurora Floyd 20 169— The Octoroon 10 175— Vixen , 20 198 — Barbara; or, Splendid Misery 20 263— The Mistletoe Bough 30 MUNRO'S LIBRARY.— AUTHORS' LIST. MRS. LENOX BELL'S WORKS. XO. PRICE. 03— Not to be Won 20 99— Wife or Slave? 20 MISSIBRONTE'S WORKS. PRICE. 41— Shirley 20 4.6 — Jane Eyre 20 ROBERT BUCHANAN'S WORKS. NO. PRICE. 145— The New Abelard 10 305— Matt 10 "JOH8 BULL" BOOKS. NO. PRICE. 170— John Bull and His Island, by Max O'Rell 10 232— John Bull's Neighbor 10 246— John Bull's Misfortunes, by Camille Debans ,... 10 260— John Bull's Daughters, by Max O'Rell 10 ROSA NOUCKETTE CAREY'S WORKS. sn. PRICE. 165— Not Like Other Girls 20 308— Robert Qrd's Atonement ,.. 20 WILKIE COLLIN'S WORKS. FO. PRICE. 17§— The New Magdalen , 10 197— The Moonstone 20 250— The Queen of Hearts 20 HUCH CONWAY'S WORKS. • ;/) - PRICE 215— Called Back 10 £39— Dark Days 10 J. FENi^ORE COOPER'S WORKS, %* _. TT . _ PRICE. ioT — The Heidenmauer 20 ?58— The Pathfinder 20 806 — The Deerslayer 20 311— The Last of "the Mohicans 20 312— The Pioneers 20 313— The Prairie , 20 THE "COUNTESS"' WORKS, ^O. PRICE 84— Set In Diamonds $(j 88— The World Between Them 20 97— A Passion Flower,. . 20 MUNROS LIBRARY.— AUTHORS' LIST. MRS. DALE'S WORKS. NO. PRICE. 82— Fair and False 20 Si— Behind the Silver Veil 20 CHARLES DSCKEN'S WORKS, NO » PRICE. 38— David Copperfield 20 45— Old Curiosity Shop... 20 71— Nicholas Niekleby .../.... 20 74 — Christmas Stories 20 179— Barnaby Rudge 20 185— A Tale of Two Cities ...........;.,.... 20 192— Oliver Twist . 20 214— Hard Tiroes ...;......,...... 10 316— Our Mutual Friend— Part I............ 20 817— Our Mutual Friend— Part II...... ................... ....:. 20 318— Bleak House— Part I 20 319— Bleak House— Part II 20 820— Martin Chuzzlewit— Part I. . . 20 821— Martin Chuzzlewit— Part II 20 322— Doinbey and Son— Part I 20 323— Dombev and Son— Part II 20 824— Great Expectations 20 325 — Mrs. Lirriper's Legacy and Lodgings........................... 20 326— Little Dorrit— Part I.. 20 327— Little Dorrit— Part II 20 328— The Pickwick Papers— Part I.. 20 329— The Pickwick Papers— Part II 20 380— Mystery of Edwin Drood 20 331— The Uncommercial Traveler 20 332— Sketches by Boz 20 3 3— American Notes , 20 334 — Pictures from Italy and Mud fog Papers 20 Works by the Author of "DORA THORNE." KO. * PRICE. 85— Her Mother's Sin 10 44— Dora Thorne 20 61— Madolin's Lover , 20 70— Thorns and Orange Blossoms 10 120— Romance of a Black Veil 10 154 — Beyond Pardon 20 187— Which Loved Him Best? 10 191— Lord Lynnes Choice 10 224 — Diana's Discipline 20 225 — Prince Charlie's Daughter 10 229— A Broken Wedding-Ring 10 244— The Sin of a Lifetime 20 245- At War with Herself 10 248— From Out the Gloom 20 B49— Love's Warfare 10 2m— A Willful Mfdd^ M . M .................................... k ....».. M . SO MONRO'S LIBRARY,— AUTHORS" LIST. THE "DUCHESS* 9 * WORKS. NO. PRICE 81— Molly Bawn 20 32— Portia 20 37— Phyllis 20 171 — Airy, Fairy Lilian 20 173— Beautv's Daughters 20 252 — Moonshine and Marguerites, and Monica 10 253 — Lots, Lord Berresford, and The Witching Hour 10 255— Sweet Is True Love, and That Last Rehearsal 10 309— In Durance Vile 10 ALEXANDRE DUMAS' WORKS. NO. PRICE, 47— The Three Guardsmen 2( 59— Twenty Years After 20 129 -The Count of Monte-Cristo— Part I :. 20 130— The Count of Monte-Cristo— Part II 20 216— Monte-Cristo and His Wife 20 217— The Son of Monte-Cristo— Part I 20 218— The Son of Monte-Cristo— Part II.... 20 219— The Countess of Monte-Cristo— Part 1 20 220— The Countess of Monte-Cristo— Part II 2Q 256— Beau Tancrede 20 ALEXANDRE DUEySAS, J-R.'S, WORKS. NO. PRICE. 46— Camille 10 76— Annette 20 NSOSYYH DURWARD'3 WORKS. NO. PRICE. 102— For Better, For Worse . 20 110— Sweet as a Rose...... 20 i CEOROE ELIOT'S WORKS. NO - _ ,, ._ PRICK 11— Janet's Repentance 10 12— Silas Marner 10 13— Felix Holt, the Radical 20 14— The Mill on the Floss 20 15— Brother Jacob 10 16— Adam Bede 20 17— Romola 20 18— Sad Fortunes of Rev. Amos Barton...... 10 19 — Daniel Deronda..... ......................... 20 20 — Middlemarch 20 21— Mr. Gilfil's Love Story. 10 22— The Spanish Gypsy 20 2b— Impressions of Theophrastus Such........ 10 MUNEO'S LIBBABY.—AUTHORSi LIST. EVA EVERGREEN'S WORKS. HO. PRICE. 57— Ten Years of His Life , 20 95— Agatha . 20 OCTAVE FEUILLET'S WORKS. NO. PRICE, 49— Romance of a Poor Young Man 10 53— Led Astray. Adapted by Helen M. Lewis 20 GERALDSNE FLEMING'S WORKS. ik -n i PRICE. 55 — False . v . 20 77 — A Sinless Crime . 20 80 — Leola Dale's Fortune . '.. 20 85— Who was the Heir? 20 92 — Only a Girl's Love 20 302— Sunshine and Gloom ........... 20 315— A Sister's Sacrifice 20 LAURA O. FORD'S WORKS. HO. PRICE. 164 — Enemies Born 20 211-^-Eiectra 20 212— For Honor's Sake 20 307— Daisy DarreU 20 Ef¥SfLE CABORIAU'S WORKS. jjO PRICE. 29— In Peril of His Life. 20 172— The Clique of Gold » 20 ANNABEL GRAY'S WORKS. Ko> PRICE. 103— What Love Will Do 10 240— Terribly Tempted 10 EVELYN GRAY'S WORKS. NO. PRICE. 58— A Woman's Fault 20 105— As Fate Would Have It ,. 20 MARY CECIL HAY'S WORKS. t?0. PRICK. 60— Back to the Old Home 10 69— Old Myddelton's Money 20 174— For Her Dear Sake 20 178— The Arundel Motto. 20 184— Hidden Perils 20 194— My First Offer 10 $41— The Squire's Legacy ».o : 20 MUNRO'S LIBRARY.— AUTHORS' LIST. Works by the Author of "HIS WEDDED WIFE." NO. PRICK. 127— His Wedded Wife...... 20 222— A Great Mistake * 20 323— A Fatal Dower ,. #B ADAH Wl. HOWARD'S WORKS, SO. PRICE. 54— A Woman's Atonement 20 83— Irene Gray's Legacy.. 20 90— Sundered Hearts **............. M 107— Doubly Wronged. 20 128— Uncle Ned's Cabin...... M 131— A Blighted Home l(c :32-The Child- Wife 1 G. P. R. JAMES 9 WORKS. HO. PRICS 205— Agnes Sorel 20 237— Darnley U CHARLES LEVER'S WORKS. sjro. PRICE 140— Charles O'Malley, the Irish Dragoon— Part 1 20 141 — Charles O'Malley, the Irish Dragoon— Part II 20 157 — Harry Lorrequer 2Q 160— Tom Burke, of "Ours,"— Vol. I 20 *.80— Tom Burke, of "Ours,"— Vol. II m SIR BULWER LYTTON'S WORKS. SO. PRICK, 42— The Last Days of Pompeii 20 05— A Strange Story 20 OWEN MARSTON'S WORKS. *0. PRICE, 89— Beauty's Marriage 20 100— A Dark Marriage Morn ,.. 20 104— Lover and Husband 20 MRS. ALEX. MCVEIGH MILLER'S WORKS. PRICK. 1— A Dreadful Temptation.... 58 2@ 2— The Bride of the Tomb 20 3— An Old Man's Darling 20 4— Queenie's Terrible Secret 20 5 — Jaquelina e . 20 6— Little Golden's Daughter 20 7— The Rose and the Liiy 20 8 — Countess Vera , 20 9— Bonnie Dora , 20 ICk— Qiaj Kenmore's Wife,... 1 , > ,„„ 8(t:!1!; MUNRO'S LIBRARY.— AUTHORS' LIST. t&RS. OLIPHANT'S WORKS. KO. PPICE 143— The Minister's Wife 20 199— A Little Pilgrim 10 "OUBDA'S" WORKS. NO. PRICK. 72— Moths ......................... 20 189— Friendship 20 196— Pascarei... 20 200— Signa .................................I. 20 242 — Wanda, Countess von Saalras ....coo.,.. ........ 20 CHARLES READE'S WORKS. NO. PRICE. 39— Very Hard Cash 20 144— A Terrible Temptation 20 15S — It is Never too Late to Mend 20 161— Foul Play 20 162— Put Yourself in His Place 20 190— Griffith Gaunt .... 20 198— A Woman-Hater 20 201— "Readiana 10 254 — The Knightsbridge Mystery, and The Picture 10 CEO. W. M. REYNOLD'S WORKS. NO. PRICE. 106— The Woman in Eed 20 148— Leila 20 149 — Kararaan, sequel to Leila , , 20 265— Agnes Evelyn 20 266— The Child of Waterloo 20 267— Robert Macaire 20 268— The Mysteries of the Merry Monarch's Court— Part I... 20 269— The Mvsteries of the Merry Monarch's Court— Part II. 20 270— The First False Step £0 271— The Slave Woman of England 20 272— Faust and the Demon— Part I 20 273— Faust and the Demon— Part II 20 274— The Degraded Deserter— Part 1 20 275— The Degraded Deserter— Part II 20 276— The Necromancer— Part I 20 277— The Necromancer— Part II 20 278— The Mystery of the March monts— Part 1 20 279— The Mystery of the March monts— Part II 20 28»>— Bertram Vivian— Part I 20 281— Bertram Vivian— Part II 20 282— The Countess of Lascelles— Part I 20 283— The Countess of Lascelles— Part II 20 284— The Doom of the Burker— Part 1 20 285— The Doom of the Burker— Part II 20 286— Rose Sommerville 20 ■ Scenes.....-..*................ ................ BO MUNRO'S LIBRARY.— AUTHORS' LIST. C. W. M. REYNOLD'S WORKS.-Continued. NO. PRICE. 288— The Young Duchess 20 289— Imogen Hartland 20 290— Ethel Trevor , 20 291— Wagner, the Wehr- Wolf— Part I \ g92— Wagner, the Wehr- Wolf— Part II S93— Mysteries of the Court of Queen Elizabeth g§4— Ada Arundel ....... , Olivia......... ............ f:— Joseph Wilmot— Part I ................... Joseph Wilmot— Part II.... ............ Joseph Wilmot— Part III.. ........ The Greek Corsair— Part I ................. ihe Greek Corsair— Part II The Greek Corsair— Part III. V W. CLARK RUSSELL'S WORKS, HO. PRICE. 167— Jack's Courtship 20 188— A Sailor's Sweetheart 20 SIR WALTER SCOTT'S WORKS. HO. PRICE . 40 — Ivanhoe 20 146— The Monastery 20 147— The Abbot, sequeLto The Monastery M CHARLOTTE M. STANLEY'S WORKS. HO. PRICE. ill— The Shadow of a Sin 20 112— A Waif of the Sea 2Q 113— The Huntsford Fortune 20 114— The Secret of a Birth 20 115 — Jessie Deane , 2€ 116— A Golden Mask 20 117 — Accord and Discord 20 118— A Death-bed Marriage 2C 119— Hearts and Gold 98 .. g$ EOCENE SUE'S WORKS. HO. FRICE, 156— The Wandering Jew— Vol. 1 20 156— The Wandering Jew— Vol. II 20 159— The Mysteries of Paris— Vol. 1 20 159— The Mysteries of Paris— Vol. II 2i WM. MASON TURNER'S WORKS. KC. PRICE, §1— Maggie; or, the Loom Girl of Lowell ,...« 20 zer&rude. the Governess,:., MUNRO'S LIBRARY.— AUTHORS' LIST. L. B. WALFORB'S WORKS, NO. PRICF 221 — The Babv's Grandmother ,,,, on 233— Mr. Smith [][][ 2 Q 236 — Cousins 20 B37— Troublesome Daughters .!......" %i F* WARDEN'S WORKS. NO. T>mCT 121=— At the World's Mercy............... ................. "To 226— Th® Hobs® on the Marsh....... so 310— Dddee; ®t $ Th® Iron Hand.. m MRS* HENRY WOOD'S WORKS. ^®° ___, . «, ntics. M—East Lynue..... 2CD 330— The Mystery . 20 EMILE ZOLA'S WORKS. NO' PRIC 1 ? 155 — Life's Joys 20 202— Mysteries of Louis Napoleon's Court.... , 20 MISCELLANEOUS WORKS. HO, PRICE. 24— The Two Orphans, by D'Ennery 10 37 — When the Ship Comes Home, by Besant and Rice 10 28— John Halifax, Gentleman , by Miss Mulock 20 30— The Romantic Adventures of a Milkmaid 10 S3— Kit: a Memory, by James Payn. 20 43 — Charlotte Temple, by Mrs. Rowson 10 52— Two Wedding Rings, by Margaret Blount 20 56— The Curse of Dangerfield , by Elsie Snow 20 60 — A Quen Amongst Women, and Between Two Sins 20 6' -Lucile, by Owen Meredith 20 6^ — Thaddeus of Warsaw, by Jane Porter , 20 64— Charles Auchester, by E. Berger 20 67 — Barbara's History, uy Amelia B. Edwards 2$ 68— Called to Account, by Annie Thomas 20 78 — A Double Marriage, bv Beatrice Collensie 20 79— The Went worth Mystery, by Watts Phillips 20 81 — Plot and Counterplot, Author of ' ' Quadroona " 20 86— Little Golden 20 87— Daughters of Eve, by Paul Meritt 20 91 — A Fatal Wooing, by Laura Jean Libbey 20 94— Merit Versus Money, by Garnett Marnell 20 98— Pauline, by the Author of "Leonnette's Secret" 20 101— Dregs and Froth, by A. H. Wall 20 108— The Eyrie, and The Mystery of a Young Girl 20 109— Gabrielle, by Louise McCarthy 20 122 — Circumstantial Evidence 10 124— Marjorie's Child 20 I§5— A Coachman's Love, by Herbert Bernard. »..,.._. ? IM—A Bmgm®m Q^m% fej Ida Lki Girard^o ,. S8( . O0B .<., MUNRO'S LIBRARY.— AUTHORS* LIST. MISCELLANEOUS WORKS.-ContinUed. NO PRICE 133— The Beautiful Rivals , 10 134 — For a Dream's Sake, bv Mrs. Herbert Martin 20 135— Mark Seaworth, by William H. G. Kingston 20 136— Regimental Legends, by J. S. Winter 20 138 — Susan Drummond, by Mrs. J. H. Riddell 20 139— Robbing Peter to Pay Paul, by John Saunders 20 142— The Flirt, by Mrs. Grey 20 151— The Queen's Book, Victoria R. I , 10 152 — John Brown's Legs, by Kensvard Philp 20 153— Berlin Societv, bv Count Paul Vasili 10 163-Leonine, by the Author of "For Mother's Sake". 20 166 — The Midshipman, Marmaduke Merry 20 168— An Old Man's Love, bv Anthony Trollope 10 180— The Sun Maid, bv Miss Grant 20 182— Comin' Thro' the Rye, bv Helen B. Mathers........ 20 183— Nancy, bv Rhoda Broughton 20 203— The Way of the World, bv David Christie Murray. . . , 20 204— Wild Oats, by Henry Greviile. 20 208— Claire and the Forge-Master, bv George Ohnet , 20 207— The Man She Cared For, bv F." W. Robinson 20 208— Pretty Miss Neville, by B. M. Croker 20 209— Fourteen Years With Adelina Patti 10 210— Sappho, by Alphonse Daudet 10 213— Cruel as the Grave, bv Genevive Ulmar 20 228— A Sinless Secret, by " Rita " 10 231— The Gambler's Wife, by Author of "The Belle of the Family," etc 20 234— Beyond Recall, by Adeline Sergeant 10 935 — The Parisian Detective, by F. Du Boisgobey 10 239— Love and Mirage 10 243— A Sea Change, bv FloraL. Shaw 20 251— A Story of Three Sisters, by C. Maxwell 20 257— Tom Brown's School Davs, by Thos. Hughes 20 261— The Lover's Creed, bv Mrs. Cashel Hoev 20 264— Memoirs of a Man of the World, by Edmund Yates... 20 303 — A Terrible Crime, by Emma Garrison Jones 20 304— Addie's Husband 20 314—20,000 Leagues under the Seas,.., ,. ?fi 335- Life and Memoirs of Gen. Grant-. IO MUNRO'S PUBLISHING HOUSE, ] 24 and 26 Vandewater St., N- Y- lira's Bound Books. JPM1CE 35 CENTS. The following list of books is handsomely bound in cloth and gold, and are for sale by the dealer through whom you receive t.iis catalogue. SELECT FROM THIS LIST. Janet's Repentance, by George Eliot. Silas Marner, by George Eliot. Felix Holt, the Radical, by George Eliot. The Mill on the Floss, by George Eliot. Brother Jacob, by George Eliot. Adam Bede, by George Eliot. Romola, by George Eliot. Sad Fortunes of Rev. Amos Barton, by G. Eliot. Daniel Deronda, by George Eliot, Middlemarch, by George Eliot. Mr. GilnTs Love Story, by George Eliot. The Spanish Gypsy, by George Eliot. Impressions of Theophrastus Such, by George Eliot. The Two Orphans, by D'Ennery. Tolande, by William Black. Lady Audley's Secret, by Miss Braddon. When the Ship Comes Home, by Besant & Rice. John Halifax, Gentlemen, by Miss Mulock. In Peril of his Life, by Gaboriau. The Romantic Adventures of a Milkmaid. Molly Bawn, by the " Duchess." Portia, by the " Duchess." Kit: a Memory, by James Payn. East Lynne, by Mrs. Henry Wood. Her Mother's Sin, A Princess of Thule, by William Black. Phyllis, by the " Duchess." David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens. Very Hard Cash, by Charles Reade. Ivanhoe, by Sir Walter Scott. Shirley, by Miss Bronte. The Last Days of Pompeii, by Bulwer Lytton. Charlotte Temple, by Mrs. Rowson. Dora Thorne, Old Curiosity Shop, by Charles Dickens. Camille, by Alex. Dumas, Jr. The Three Guardsmen, by Alex. Dumas. Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte. Romance of a Poor Young Man, by Feuillet. Back to the Old Home, by Mary Cecil Hay. Twenty Years After, by Alex. Dumas. A Queen Amongst Women, and Between Two Sins. Madolin's Lover, Lucille, by Owen Meredith. Thaddeus of Warsaw, by Jane Porter. MUNRWB BOUND BOOKS. Charles Auchester, by E. Berger. A Strange Story, by Bulwer. Aurora Floyd, by Miss Braddon. "Barbara's History, by Amelia B. Edwards. Called to Account, by Annie Thomas. Old Myddelton's Money, by Mary Cecil Hay Thorns and Orange Blossoms, ^Nicholas Nickleby, by Charles Dickens. Cloths, a Novel, by " Ouida.' , Christmas Stories, by Charles Dickens. The Executor, by Mrs. Alexander. Annette, by the Author of " Camille." A Sinless Crime, by Geraldine Fleming. The Wentworth Mystery, by Watts Phillips. Leola Dale's Fortune, by Geraldine Fleming. Plot and Counterplot, Author of " Quadroona." Fair and False, by Mrs. Dale. Bet in Diamonds, by the " Countess." "Who was the Heir? by Geraldine Fleming. Daughters of Eve, by Paul Meritt. The World Between Them, by the " Countess." Beauty's Marriage, by Owen 'Marston. Only a Girl's Love, by Geraldine Fleming. Behind the Silver Veil, by Mrs. Dale. A Passion Flower, by the u Countess." A Dark Marriage Morn, by Owen Marston. Dregs and Froth, by A. H. Wall. For Better, For Worse, by Mostyn Durward. What Love Will Do, by Annabel Gray. Lover and Husband, by Owen Marston. The Woman in Red, by G. W. M. Reynolds. Sweet as a Rose, by Mostyn Durward. Romance of a Black Veil, At the World's Mercy, by F. Warden. A Dangerous Game, by Ida Linn Girard. His Wedded Wife. Count of Monte-Cristo, Part I., by Alex. Dumas. Count of Monte-Cristo, Part II. , by Alex. Dumas, For a Dream's Sake, by Mrs. Herbert Martin. Mark Seaworth, by William H. G. Kingston. Regimental Legends, by J. S. Winter. The Heidenmauer, by J. Fenimore Cooper. Susan Drummond, by Mrs. J. H. Riddell. Robbing Peter to Pay Paul, by John Saunders, Charles O'Malley, Part I., by Charles Lever. Charles O'Malley," Part II., by Charles Lever. The Flirt, by Mrs. Grey. The Minister's Wife, by Mrs. Oliphant. A Terrible Temptation, by Charles Reade. The New Abelard, by Robert Buchanan. The Monastery, by Sir Walter Scott. The Abbot, sequel to "Th^e Monastery." Leila, by Geo. W. M. Reynolds. Karaman, sequel to " Leila." The Queen's Book, Victoria, R. I. Beyond Pardon, The Wandering Jew, by Eugene Sue. (Vol. 1.) The Wandering Jew, by Eugene Sue. ( Vol. 2.) Harry Lorrequer, by Charles Lever. It is Never too Late to Mend, by Charles Read©, MU NINO'S BOUND BOOKS. The Mysteries of Parts, & t jugene Sue. (Vol 1) The Mysteries of Paris, by Eugene Sue. ( Vol. £.} Tom Burke, of.'* Ours," by C. Lever. (Vol 1.) Tom Burke, of " Ours," by C. Lever. ( Vol 2.) Foul Play, by Charles Reade. Put Yourself in His Place, by Charles Reade. Not Like Other Girls, by Rosa Nouchette Carey. The Midshipman, Marmaduke Merry. Jack's Courtship, by W. Clark Russell. An Old Man's Love, by Anthony Trollope. The Octoroon, by Miss M. E. Braddon. John Bull and His Island, by Max O'Rell. " Airy Fairy Lilian, " by the author of " Phyllis The Clique of Gold, by Emile Gaboriau. Beauty's Daughters, by the " Duchess." For Her Dear Sake, by Mary Cecil Hay. Vixen, by Miss M. E. Braddon. The New Magdalen, by Wilkie Collins. White Wings. A Yachting Romance. The Arundel Motto, by Mary Cecil Hay. Barnaby Rudge, by Charles Dickens. The Sun Maid, by Miss Grant. Maid, Wife or Widow? by Mrs. Alexander. Comin' Thro' the Rye, by* Helen B. Mathers. Nancy, by Rhoda Broughton. Hidden Perils, by Mary Cecil Hay. A Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens. The Wooing O't, by Mrs. Alexander. Which Loved Him Best? A Sailor's Sweetheart, by W. Clark Russell, Friendship, by " Ouida." Griffith Gaunt, by Charles Reade. Lord Lynne's Choice, Oliver Twist, by Charles Dickens. Barbara; or, Splendid Misery, by Miss BraddoB, My First Offer, by Mary Cecil Hay. Which Shall it Be? by Mrs. Alexander. Pascarel, by " Ouida." The Moonstone, by Wilkie Collins. A Woman-Hater, by Charles Reade. A Little Pilgrim, by Mrs. Oliphant. Signa, by '* Ouida." Readiana, by Charles Reade. The Way of the World, by David Christie Murray, Agnes Sorel, by G. P. R. James. The Man She Cared For, by F. W. Robinson. Pretty Miss Neville, by B. M. Croker. Hard Times, by Charles Dickens. Called Back, by Hugh Conway. Price 38 Cents. MUNRO'S PUBLISHING HOUS^ 24 and 26 Vandewater St, N 1 *w *ww *w w [ ww [ w g w ww w ww " ir *n r "«nr "nr ' "ur vwvwxwwvwwn w w ISO. " 43. Charlotte Temple. By Miss Rowson " 44. Dora Thorne. By Bertha M. Clay 44 45. Old Curiosity Shop. By Charles Dickens " 46. Camille. By Alex. Dumas, Jr 44 47. The Three Guardsmen. By Alex. Dumas 44 48. Jane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte 44 49. Romance of a Poor Young Man. By Feuillet. . 44 50. Back to the Old Home. By Mary Cecil Hay. .10 .20 .20 .10 .20 20 .10 .10 MRS. ALEX. MCVEIGH MILLER'S WORKS. 1. A Dreadful Temptation 20 Cents- • 2. The Bride of the Tomb 20 44 3. An Old Man's Darling 20 44 4. Queenie's Terrible Secret 20 44 5. Jaquelina „20 44 6. Little Golden's Daughter 20 44 7. The Rose and the Lily 20 44 8. Countess Vera 20 44 9. Bonnie Dora.. 20 " 10. Guy Kenmore's Wife 20 GEORGE ELIOT'S WORKS. 44 11. Janet's Repentance 10 84 12. Silas Marner 10 44 13. FeUx Holt, the Radical 20 11 4. The Mill on the Floss 20 " 15. Brother Jacob 10 44 16. AdamBede 20 44 17. Romola 20 44 18. Sad Fortunes of Rev. Amos Barton. 10 44 19. Daniel Deronda 20 44 20. Middlemarch 20 44 21. Mr. Gilnl'sLove Story 10 44 22. The Spanish Gypsy 20 44 23. Impressions or Theophrastus Such 10 MISCELLANEOUS WORKS 44 24. The Two Orphans. By D'Ennery 10 64 25. Yolande. By William Black 20 44 26. Lady Audley's Secret. By Miss Braddon 20 44 27. When the Ship Comes Home. By Besant & Rice 10 44 28. John Halifax, Gentleman. By Miss Mulock 20 44 29. In Peril of his Life By Gaboriau 20 44 30. The Romantic Adventures of a Milkmaid 10 44 31. Molly Bawn. By the Duchess 20 44 32. Portia. By the Duchess 20 44 33. Kit: a Memory. By James Payne 20 44 34. East Lvnne. By Mrs. Henry Wood .20 44 35. Her Mother's Sin. By Bertha M. Clay 10 44 36. A Princess of Thule. By William Black 20 44 37. Phyllis. By the Duchess 20 44 38. David CoDoerfleld. By Charles Dickens 20 44 39. Very Hard Cash. By Charles Reade 20 40. Ivanhoe. By Sir Walter Scott 20 41. Shirley. By Miss Bronte 20 42. The Last Days of Pompeii. By Bulwer Lytton 20 1 51. Maggie; or, the Loom Girl of Lowell. By William Mason Turner, M. D.20 " 1 52. Two Wedding Rings. By Margaret Blount 20 " • 4 53. Led Astray. By Helen M. Lewis 20 4 ' " 54. A Woman's Atonement. By Adah M. Howard -20 " " 55. False. By Geraldine Fleming 20 44 56. Tht Curse of Dangerfield. By Elsie Snow... 20 " 44 57. Ten Years of His Life. By Eva Evergreen 20 " 44 58. A Woman's Fault. By Evelyn Gray 20 *' 44 59. Twenty Years After. By Alex. Dumas 20 " 44 60. A Queen Amongst Women and Between Two Sins. By Bertha M. Clay .20 *' 44 61. Madolin'c-over. By Bertha M. Clay 20 " '* 62. Thaddeus of Warsaw. By Jane Porter 20 44 63. Lucile. By Owen Meredith 20 " 44 64. Charles Auchester. Bv E. Berger 20 " 44 65. A Strange Story. Bv Bulwer... 20 " 44 66. Aurora Flovd. By Miss Braddon 2tf " "67. Barbara's Historv. By Amelia B. Edwards 20 4 * 44 68. Called to Account. By Annie Thomas 20 ** 69. Old Mvddleton's Money. By Mary Cecil Hay 20 " 44 70, Thorns and Orange Blossoms. By Bertha M. Clay. Complete 10 44 Remember thai we do not charge extra for postage. Munro's Library will bo sent to any part of the world, single numbers for 10 cents, double numbers for 20 cents. ^ NORMAN L. M™RO, PUBLISHER, 't "1 & 26 Vandewater St., N. Y. 3^^^^^^^^^^^5^^^^^^^5^5^^^^5^55B5 CO \»JL . ) E **> %. "of- * A ^°-V > \ o \- •>• vO •^ x ^ *, / LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 027 250 743 ■