FL. 1. LISTER (Martin) i638?-i7I2. 5070. A Journey to Paris in the year 1698. 8°. Lond., J, Tonson, 1699. [8] 4-245 4-[3] pp., and 6 plates ; ist leaf blank (missing). A list of errata is on leaf A 4^, This ed., which is the earliest in the B. M., Bod¬ leian, and S. G. L., would appear to be the first, though 1698 is given as the year of publication in Henning’s ed., 1823, and in Watt, Brunet, &c. I had a copy of this, but bought the volume for King’s travesty [no. 5019], bound with it. May 1906. W, O. 4 [KING (William) 1663-1712.] 5019. A Journey to London, in the year, 1698. After the Ingenuous Method of that made by Dr. Martin Lyster to Paris. . . Written ori ginal ly in French, b y Monsieur Sorbiere, and newly tr. into EnglisET Land., A. Baldwin, 1698. Anon. Bd. .with Listeras work, no. 5070. The author, a miscellaneous writer, was a B.A. (1685) and Student of Christ Church, and a D.C.L. This travesty on Lister’s " Journey ’ [no. 5070] King thought his best work. Sorbière had pub¬ lished a much-abused book of travels in England (1664), and King adopts the name to insinuate a comparison betwagn^heir styles ” (D. N. B., xxxi, p. i6i). rw > _ JOURNEY PARIS In the Year 1698. T>r. Martin Lifter. L 0 NDON, Printed for Jacob Tonjon at the Judges'Head near the Imier-Temple-Gate in Fleetjireef, and at Graf s-Im-Gate in Grays-lnn-Lane, 1699. To His Excellency, JOHN Lord Sommers, Baron of Evefiam, Lord HighChancellor of England, and one of the Lords-Juftices of England. My LORD, W lfdom is the Founda¬ tion of fuftice and Equity, and it feems not to be ferfeB, ttithout it com- A j frehends Dedication. prehcïids (dfo T? hilofophy âtid 'Natural Learning, and what^ ever is of good R.eli/h in Arts, It is certain, my Lord, for the Honour of your high Station, that the greatejl Thilofophers of this Age, ypere of your IPrede^ cejjors ; nor is your Lordjhip in any thing behind them ; as tho nothing infpired T^eople with more Equity, than a true value for ^feful Learning and Arts. Lhis hath given me the holdnefs to ofier your Lordfhip this fhort Account, of the Magnificent and Noble City of Paris, and the Court of that great King, who hath given Europe fo long and vehement Difquiet, and coji England in particular fo much Elood Dedication. ‘Blood and Treafure. 'Tin pof. fible, mj Lord, you may find ^ leifiure Hour to read over thefe fej Tapers for your Diver fiL rthmm 1 promifie my fielfi yol '^tU meet XùitL A dtced Ob/eryer. Tut that I may m Imger importune you, perpe- uf ft !”fi laborious and Kjeful m lmployment, I beg leave tojuhjcrtbe my felf, My LORD, .Your tordfliips Moft Humble and ffloft Obedient Servant Martin Lifer. T H E Reader is defired to Corr^ with â Pen thefe Faults, before he begins, becaufe they obfcure the Senle. As for the Literal Faults they are eafie . be mended by the Eye. ^ . Vase 20. /. I. Metopae. -Pagé 8i. lint 5. nod laminons. - P. 92. /. 19. r. limned. P. 108. /. 29. r. P, 159* hsid fold* P* 150. /• 8. ShootSf P. $8. I 7 - ■ ’ r \ JOURNEY PARIS In the Year 1698. IntrodtiBion to the Rjeader, T His Trad was Written chiefly to fatisfie my own Curioflty, and to delight my felf with the Memory of what I had feen. I bufied my felf in a place where I had little to do, but to walk up and down 5 well knowing, that the Charader of a Stranger gave me free admittance to Men and Things. The French Nation value themfelves upon Civility, and build and drefs moftly for Figure 5 This Humour B makes <; \ 'A Joume) to Pâtis, is^c. makes the Curiofity of Strangers very eafie and welcome to them. ^ But wliy do you trouble us with a Journey to Park, a place fo well known to every body here ? For very good Reafon, to fpare the often telling my Tale at my return. But we know al¬ ready all you can fay, or can read it in the Prefent StaU of France, and Deferiptwn of Park 5 two Books to be had in every Shop in London^ Tis right, fo you may v and I advife you not to neglect them, if you have a mind to judge well of the Grandeur of the Court of France, and the immenfe Greatnels of the City of Park. Thefe were Spectacles I ^d in¬ deed put on, but I found they did not fit my fight, I had a mind to fee with¬ out them 5 and in Matters of this Na¬ ture, as vaft Cities and vaft Palaces, I did not care much to ufe Microfeopes or Mag¬ nifying Glaffes. But to content you, Reader, I pro- mife you not to trouble you with Cere¬ monies either of State or Church, or Po¬ liticks 5 for I entred willingly into nei¬ ther of them, but only, where they would make a part of the Converfation, or my Walk was ordered me. • You 1 eafily find by my Obfervations, that I in¬ cline rather to Nature than t)ominion ^ - .. and A Journey to Paris, isc* and that I took more pleafure to fee Monfieur Ereman in his white Waftcoat digging in the Royal Phyfick Garden, and fowing his Couches, than Monfieur Saintot making toom for an Ambaflàdor • and I found my felf better difpofed, and more apt to learn the Names and Pliyli- ognomy of a Hundred Plants, than of 5 or 6 Princes. After all, I had much rather have walked a loo paces under the meaneft Hedge in La^gtiedoc^ than any the fineft Alley at VerfaiUes or St. CU, fo much I prefer fair Nature and à warrn Sun, before the moft exquifite perfor¬ mances of Art in a cold and barren Climate. Another Reafon, that I give you little or no trouble ii^ telling you Court Mat¬ ters, is, that I "Vas no more concerned in the Emba^, than in the failing of the Ship which carried me over : ‘Tis enough for me, with the reft of the People of England^ to feel the good Ef¬ fets of it, and to pafs away this Life in Peace and Qiiietnefs. ’Tis a happy turn for us, when Kings are made Friend* again. This was the end of this EmbaL fy, and I hope it will laft our days. My Lord Amipaflador was infinitely carelled by^ the King, his Minifters, and all the Princes. Tis certain the French are the B a moft A Journey to Paris, (iS)*c. ' Biofl: Polite Nation in the World, and tan Praife and Court with a better Air than the reft of Mankind. However the generality of the Kingdom were through great neceffity well difpofed to receive the Peace : The Bigots and fome Dif- banded Officers might be heard at our firft going to grumble, but thofe alfo gave over, and we heard no more of them when we came away ^ but to the Bufinefs. I happily arrived at Vark after a te¬ dious journey in very bad Weather 5 for we fet out of London the loth of December ^2inà I did not reach Park till the firft of January 5 for I fell fick upon the Road, and ftay’d 5 days at Bologne, be¬ hind the Company, till my Fever abat¬ ed 5 yet notwithftandjng fo rude a Jour¬ ney, I recovered, and was perieftly cured of my Cough in 10 days 5 which was the chiefeft reafon of my leaving London at that time of the year, and never had the leaft return of it all the , W'^inter, though it was as fierce there as gfl ever felt it in England. This great be¬ nefit of the French Air I had experien¬ ced 5 feveral times before, and had there- tore long’d for a paflage many years ^ but the continuance of the War was an infuperable Obftacle to my Defires. There- A Journey io Paris, iffc. Therefore the firfc opportunity which offered it felf I readily embraced, which was my Lord Portland’s Acceptance of niy Attendance of him in his Extraordi¬ nary Embaffie 5 who ordered me to go before with one of my good Friends, who was fent to prepare Matters againft his arrival. Now that I might not wholly truft my Memory, in what I faw at I fet down my Thoughts under certain Heads. I* Of Paris in General. r Hough I had much fpare time the 6 Months I ftaid in that City, yet the jrudenefs of the Winter Seafon kept me in for fome time. Again, I believe I did not fee the Tithe of what deferves to be feen, and well confidered 5 becaufe for many things I wanted a relilh, par¬ ticularly for Painting and Building; Hov/ever I viewed the City in all its parts, and made the round of it ; took feveral profpefts of it at a diftance,which when well thought on, I muft needi confefs it to be one of the moft Beauti¬ ful and Magnificent in and iti which a Traveller might find Novelties enough f ir 6 Months for daily Enter¬ tainment, Veafl: in ^nd about this B 3 Noble A Journey to Paris, ^c. * Noble City. To give therefore a ftria and general Idea of it, and not to ei^er far into the vain Difputes of the number bf Inhabitants, or its bignefs, compared toy, London ^ fure I am, thQ fianding Croud was fo great, when my Lord Ambaflà- dor made his Entry, that our People were ftrartled at it, and were ready the next day to give up the Queftion, had they not well confidered the great Cu- riofity of the Parifims, who are much more delighted in fine Shews than the People oi London, and fo were y^ell near all got into the way of the Cavalcade. One tfiin^ was an evident Argument of ^his HujtTjo^r, that there were fome Hun¬ dreds, of Coachep of Perfons of the beft ^ality, even fome Bilhops and Peers which I .faw, which had placed them-» felves in a file to line the Streets, and had had the patience to have fo remained for fome hours. ’Tis alfo moft certain, that for the quantity of Ground polïèffèd by the Common People, this City is much more populous than any part of London 5 lij^re are from 4 to 5 and to 1.0 Ménagés, pr diftin6I Families in many Houfes 5 but this is only to be underftood of certain places of-Trade. This.diflPerence betwixt the two Cities alfo is true, that here the Palaces A Journey to Paris, istc. Palaces and Convents have eat up the Peoples Dwellings, and crouded them exceffively together, and poflèflèd them- felves of far the greateft part of the Ground 5 whereas in London the con¬ trary may be obferved, that the People have deftroyed the Palaces, and placed themfelves upon the Foundations of them, and forced the Nobility to live in Squares or Streets in a fort of Commu¬ nity 3 but this they have done very ho- neftly, having fairly purchafed them. The Views alfo which it gives upon the River are admirable 3 that of the Pont-nenf downwards to the TuiUerks^ or upwards from the Pont-Royal 3 and in fome other places, as from Pont St, Ber¬ nard^ the Gkeve, d^c. The River Seine which pafles through the midft of the City, is all nobly Bank’d or Keyed with large Freeftone 3 and inclofes in the heart of the City two Iflands, which caufes many fine Bridges to be built to pafs over them. One of thefe Iflands called V IJle de Palak was all Paris for fome Ages. The Houfes are built of hewen Stone intirely, or whited over with Plaifter : fome indeed in the beginning of this Age are of Brick with Freeftone, as the Place- Rojal^ Place-Dauphin^ but that is B 4 wholly s A Journey to Paris, istc. wholly left off now 3 and the white Plaifter is in fome few places only co¬ loured after the fafhion of Brick, as part of the Abbay of St. Germain. The Houfes every where are high and ftately 3 The Churches numerous, but not very big 3 The Towers and Steeples but few in proportion to the Churches, yet that noble way of Steeple, the Domes or C»- polas, have a marvellous effeft in pro- fpèâ: 3 though they are not many, as that of Val de Grace^ des Invalides, Col¬ lege M.a%>arin, De VAjfumption, the Grand- Jefuits, La Sorbonne, and fome few O- thers. All the Houfes of Perfons of Diftin- ftion are built with Port~cochers, that is, wide Gates to drive in a Coach, and confequently have Courts within 3 and moftly Remifes to fet them up. There are reckoned above 700 of thefe great Gates 3 and very many of thefe are af¬ ter the mod noble Patterns of ancient Architefture, The lower Windows of all HoufeS are Grated with ftrong Bars of Iron 3 which muft be a vaft Expence. As the Houfes are magnificent without, •fo the Fini filing within fide and Furni¬ ture anfwer in Riches and Neatnefs 3 a? .hangings of rich Tapeftry, raifed with \ Gold A Journey to Paris, iffc. ite Gold and Silver ’threads, Crimfon Da- 0- mask and Velvet Beds or of Gold and Mt Silver Tifliie. Cahinets and Bureaus of 'lie Ivory inlaid withTortoi{hell,and Gold and !yj Silver Plates in a loo different manners: ery Branches and Candlefticks of Cryftal : but Pew above all moft rare Pidtures. The Gild- hat ings, Carvings and Paintings of the Roof Ù- are admirable. : ro Thefe things are in this City and the as Country about to fuch a variety and ex- "d- cefs, that you can come into no private d- Houfe of any Man of Subftance, but o you fee fomething of them 5 and they are obferved frequently to ruine themfelves in- in thefe Expences. Every one, that has ; is, any thing to fpare, covets to have fome ind good Pifture or Sculpture of the beft and Artift 5 The like in the Ornaments of [OT their Gardens, fo that it is incredible feat what pleafure that vaft quantity of fine at: things give the Curious Stranger. Hère en; fbon as ever a Man gets any thing by Fortune or Inheritance, he lays it out in ]f£i fome fuch way as now named. )!,. Yet after all many Utenlils and Con¬ veni enci es of Life are wanting here, which we in Efrgland have : This makes jj. me ^ remember what Monfieur a jj Banfian formerly,told me here, that he had made a Catalogue of near Threefcore à things A Journey to Paris, i&c. Things of this Nature which they wanted in Parts. The Pavement of the Streets is all of fquare Stone, of about 8 or lo Inches thick 5 that is, as deep in the ground as they arc broad at top 5 The Gutters, (hal¬ low, and laid round without edges,which makes the Coaches glide • eafily over them. However, it muft needs be faid, the Streets are very narrow, and the Paflèn- gers a-foot no ways fecured from the hur¬ ry and danger of Coaches, which always pafs the Streets with an air of hafte^ and a full trot upon broad flat Stones,betwixt high and large refounding Houfes, makes a fort of Mufick which (hould feem very agreeable to the Parijians. The Royal Palaces are furprifingly (lately ^ as the Louvre and Tnillirksy Pa* tais Luxembourg^ Palak Rojial. The Convents are great,and numerous, and well built 5 as Vat de Grace, St. Ger¬ mains, St. Vkior, St. Genevieve, the Grand Jefuits, d^c. The Squares are few in Park, but ve¬ ry beautiful 5 as the Place Royal, Place PiUoir, Place Dauphine, none of the largeft, except the Place Vendofme, not vet fi- nilhd. ^ The A Journey to Paris, is^c* i The Gardens within the Walls, open to the publick, are vaftly great, and very beautiful 5 as the TmUertes, Pala» RoyJ, Luxembourg the Royal Phyfick. Garden, of the Arfinal, and many belonging to Con*» vents, the Carthufians, Celejiins, St, Vtidor, St. Genevieve, ô^c. But that which makes the dwelling in this City very diverting for People ctf Quality, is the facility of going out with their Coaches into the Fields, on every Cde 5 it lying round, and the Avenues to it fo well paved 5 and the Places of Airing fo clean, open, or fliady, as you pleafe, or the Seafon of the year, and time of the day requires : As the Cour d& la R^ne, Bois de Bologne, Bois de Vi»* cennes, les Sables de Vaugerarde, ^c. But to defeend to a more particular Review of this great City, I think it not amifs to fpeak firft of the Streets and publick Places, and what may be feen in them : Next ojf the Houfes of Note 5 and what Curiofities of Nature or Art, alfo of Men and Libraries, I met with : Neit, of their Wet and Recreations : Next of the Gardens, and their Furniture and Ornaments : Of the Air and Health. We fhall conclude the whole with the prefent State of Phyfic and Pharmacy here. Ii Cêgches. 'A Journey to Paris, isfc. To begin with the Coaches, which are very numerous here and very fine in Gilding: But there are but few, and thofe only of the great Nobility, which ^re large, and have two Seats or Funds. * But what they want in the largenefs, beauty, and neatnefs of ours in London, they have infinitely in the eafinefs of Carriage, and the ready turning in the narroweft Streets. For this purpofe, they are all Crane-Neckt, and the Wheels be¬ fore very low, not above two foot and a half Diameter 5 which makes them ea- fie to get into and brings down the Coach- Box low, thit you have a much better profpeft out of the foremoft Glafs 5 our liigh feated Coachmen being ever in the point of view. Again, They are moft, even Fiacres or Hackneys, hung with Double Springs, at the four Corners, whicli infenfibly breaks all Jolts. This I never was fo fenfible off, as after having pra- Ætifèd the Paris Coaches for four months, I once rid in the eafieft Chariot of my Lords, which came from England ^ but trot a Jolt but what affeâed a Man 5 fo îts to be tired more in one hour in that,- than in fix ia thefe. Befides the great number of Coaches of the Gentry, here are Coaches de Re- * ' wife. 'a Journey to PariSj isc. mje, by the month ^ which are very well Guilt, neat Harnefs, and good Horfes : And thefe all Strangers Hire by the Day or Month, at about Three Crowns Ëngr* lifli a Day. ’Tis this fort that fpoils the Hackneys and Chairs, which here are the moft nafty and rriferable Voiture that can be 5 and yet near as dear again as in London, and but very few of tliem neither. Yet there is one more in this City, which I was willing to omit, as thinking it at firft fight Scandalous, and a very Jeft 5 it being a wretched Bufinefs in fo Magnificent a City 3 and that is, the Vimgrette , a Coach on Two Wheels, dragg’d by a Man, and pufti’d behind by a Woman or Boy, or both. Befides thofe , for quick Travelling there are great number of Poji-Chaifes for a fingle Perfon 3 and Roullions for two Perfons : Thefe are on two Wheels onlyj and have each their Double Springs to make them very eafie 3 they run very fwiftly : both the Horfts.pull 3 but one only is in the Thilles. The Coach-man mounts the Roullion 3 but for the Cha^e, he only mounts the fide Horfe only. I think neither of thefe are in ufe in Eng¬ land 3 but might be introduced to good purpofe. As 14 Recreati» ü7ff and mih. A Journey to Paris, As for their Recreations and Walk^, there are no People more fond of coming to¬ gether, to fee and to be feen. This Converfation without doubt takes up a great part of their time : And for this purpofe, the Cour de la Rejne is frequen¬ ted by all People of Quality. It is a Treble Walk of Trees of a great length, near the River fide, the middle Walk ha¬ ving alx)ve double the breadth to the two fide ones 5 and will hold eight files of Coaches, and in the middle a great open Circle to turn, wdth fine Gates at both ends. Thofe that would have better and freer Air, go further, and drive into the Bois de Bologne, others out of other Parts of the Town to Bois de Vincennes, fcarce any fide amifs. In like manner thefe Perfons light and Walk in the Tuilleries, Luxembourg, and other Gardens, belong¬ ing to the Crown and Princes, (all which are very fpacious) and are made conve¬ nient, with many Seats for the Enter¬ tainment of all People ; the Lacquics and Mob excepted^ but of this more here¬ after. No fort of People make a better figure in the Town than the Bifiops, who have very fplendid Equipages, and variety of fine Liveries, being moft of them Men of ^ great Bijhoff, A Journey to Paris, iS>€, 15 Î great Families, and preferred as fuch , )• Learning not being fo neceflary a Quali- is fication for thofe Dignities, as with us 5 a tho’ there are fome of them very De- lis ferving and Learned Men. I fay. They Q. are moft Noblemen, or the younger Sons 1 of the beft Families. This indeed, is for i the Honour qf the Church 5 but whether a, it be for the good of Learning and Piety po is doubtful. They may be Patrons, but 01 there are but few Examples of Erudition 31 among them. Tis to be wiftit, that they exceeded others in Merit, as they do in id Birth, lie It The Abbots here are numerous, from [(, all Parts of the Kingdom. They make a confiderable figure, as being a gentile ^ fort of Cler^, and the moft Learned 5 u at leaft were fo from the time of Cardi- Id ml Richlieu^ who prrferred Men of the Pj, greateft Learning and Parts to thefe jj, Pofts 5 and that very frankly, and with¬ in out their knowing it before-hand, much p lefs folliciting him for it. He took a fure way, peculiar to himfel:^ to enquire out privately Men of Delert, and took his own time to prefer them. This filled the Kingdom of France with learned ^ Men, and gave great Encouragement to ^ Study 5 whereof Frame yet has fome j. feeling. ’Ti« I '6 A Journey to Paris, istc. Signs in the - ’Tis pfctty to obfervc., how the King Streets. Difciplincs tliis great City, by fmall in- ftaiices of Obedience.' lie caufed them to take down all their Signs at once, and not to advance them above afoot or two from the Wall, nor to exceed^ fucli a fmall meafure of fquare 5 which was readily done : So that the Signs obfcure not the Streets at all, and make little or ' no figure, as tho’ there were none 5 being placed very high and little. ihpiis. Tliere are great number of Hoflels in Piiris^ by which word is meant Public^ Ifins, where Lodgings are Lett 5 and alfo the Noblemen and Gentlemens Houfes are fo called, moftly with Titles over the Gate in Letters of Gold on a Black Mar¬ ble. This feems, as it were to denote, that they came at firft to Parts as Stran¬ gers only, and Inn’d publickly 5 but at length built them Inns or Houfes of tlieir own. Tis certain, a great and wealthy City cannot be without People of Qua¬ lity 3 nor fuch a Court as that of France without the daily Infpeâiion of what fuch People do. But whether the Country can fpare them or not, I queftion. The People of England feem to have lefs Man¬ ners and lefs Religion, where the Gentry . have 17 W A Journey to Paris, isc. îiâvc left them wholly to themlelves • i ahd the Taxes are raifed with more dif¬ ficulty , inequality, and injufticè, than J when the Landlords live upon the Def- i inaines. 0 1 It may very well be, that Parit is in The City Ï a manner a new City within this 40 f' years. 'Tis certain fince this King came ^ to the Grown, ’tis fo much altered for ^ the better, that 'tis quite another thing * and if it be true what the Workmen told me, that a common Houfe built of 13 Rough Stone and Plaiftered over, would ti not laft above 2 5 years, thegreateft part ft of the City has been lately rebuilt. In It this Age certainly moft of the great Ho¬ lt ftels are built or re-edified ^ in like man- 1 ner the Convents, the Bridges and E Churclies, the Gates of the City 5 add t the great alteration of the Streets, the ( Keyes upon the River, the Pavements 5 j ail^ thefe have had great additions, or are ij quite new^ » 6 In the River amongft the Bridges, both "p”* i above and below, are a vaft number of [( Boats, of Wood, Hay, Charcoal, Corn i and Wine, and other Commodities. But (• when a fuddenThaw comes, they are often j in danger of beingfplitandcrufhtto pieces 'f C upon iS A Journey to Paris, iS^c. upon ' the Bridges j which alfo are {ome- times ruined by them. There have been great Lolïès to the Owners of fuch Boats and Goods. It has been propofed to dig near the City a large Bajin for a Winter Har¬ bour 5 but this has not had the face of Profit to the Government 5 fo they are ftill left to execute their own Pro)e6t. There are no Laws or Projects fo effeftu- al here, as what bring Profit to the Go¬ vernment. Farming is admirably well underftood here. Larvyers. Amongft the Living Objefts to be feen in the Streets of Parts, the Counfellors and Chief Officers of the Courts of Ju- ftice make a great Figure 5 They and their Wives have their Trains carried up 5 fo there are abundance to be feen walking about the Streets in this manner. ’Tis for this that places of that nature fell fo well. A Man that has a right to qualifie a Wife with this Honour, (hall command a Fortune^ and the carrying a great Vel¬ vet Cufliion to Church is fuch another bufinefs. The Place of a Lawyer is va¬ lued a Third part dearer for this. Here are alfo daily to be feen in the Streets great variety of in ftrangc un- Mûnks, A Journey to Paris, isc, ünufual Habits to us EftgUflmen : Thçfé make an odd Figure, and furnifti well a Pidrure. I cannot but pity the miftaken Zeal of thefc poor Men'^ that put them- felves into Religion, as they call it, and renounce the World, and give them- felves moft fevere Rules of Living and Diet 5 fome of the Orders are decently • enough Cloathed, as the Jefuits, the Fa¬ thers of the Oratory, &c, but mofl: are very particular and obfolete in their 1 Drefs, as being the Ruftic Habit of old times, without Linnen, or Ornaments of the prefent Age. 1 As to their Meager Diet, it is much s agaihft Nature, and the improved Diet of Mankind. The Mûfaic Law provided I much better for Jevps, a chofen People y That was inftituted for «cleanlinefs and I health. Now for the Chriftian Law, though it commands Humility and Pa¬ tience under Sufferings, and Mortificati¬ on and Abftinence from Sinful Lufts and Pleafuies ^ yet by no means a diftinft Food, but liberty to eat any thing what- foever, much lefs naftinefs ^ and the Pa- pifts themfelves in other things are of this mind ^ for their Churches are clean, pompoufly adorned and perfumed. Tis enough, if we chance to fuffer PeiTecu- tion, to endure it with Patience, and all Ç 2 the 20 A Journey to Paris, istc. the tniferable Circumftances that attenti it 3 but wantonly to perfecute our felves, is to do violence to Chriftianity, and to' put our felves in a worfe ftate than the . Jews were 3 for to choofe the worft of Food, which is fowre Herbs and Fifh, and fucli like Trafti, and to lie worfe al¬ ways rough, in courfe and nafty Wool¬ len Frocks upon Boards 3 To go Bare¬ foot in a cold Country, to deny them- felves the Comforts of this Life, and the Converfation of Men 3 This, I fay, is to hazard our Healths, to renounce the greateft Blefllngs of this Life, and in a manner to deftroy our felves. Thefe Men, I fay, cannot but be in the main Chagrin, and therefore as they are out of humour with the World, fo they muft in time be weary of fuch fla- vifli and fruitlefs Devotion, which is not attended with an adive Life. The great multitude of poor Wretclies in all parts of this City is fuch, that a Man in a Coach, a-foot, in the Shop, is not able to do any bufinefs for the num¬ bers and importunities of Beggars 3 and to hear their Miferies is very lamentable 3 and if you give to one, you immediately bring a whole fwarm upon you. Thefe, I fay, are true Monks, if you will, of God Almiglities making, offering you their A Journey to Paris, is^c. their Prayers for a Farthing, that find the evil of the day fufficient for the day, and that the Miferies of this Life , are not to be courted, or made a mock ,5 Thefe Worlhip much againft their will all rich Men, and make Saints of the reft of Mankind for a Morfel of Bread. But let thefe Men alone with their miftaken Zeal ; it is certainly God’s good Providence which orders all things’in this W orld. And the Flefli Eaters will ever defend themfelves, if not beat the Lenten Men ; good and wholfome Food, and plenty of it, gives Men naturally great Courage. Again, a Nation will looner be Peopled by the free Marriage of all forts of People, than by the additio¬ nal ftealth of a few ftarved Monks, fup- pofing them at any time to break their Vow. This limiting of Marriage to a certain People only is a dedudbion and an abatement of Mankind, not lefs in a Pa- pift Country, than a confiant War. Ar gain, this lelïèns alfo the number of God’s Worftiippers, inftead of multiply¬ ing them as the Stars in the Firmament, or the Sand upon the Sea Shoar ^ Thefç Men wilfully cut off their Pofterity and reduce.Gods Congregation for the fu¬ ture. Ç 3 There A Journey to Paris, i^c. There is very little noife in this City of Vitblkk. Cries of things to be fold, or any Difturbance from Pamphlets and Hawkers. One thing 1 wondered at, that 1 heard of nothing loft, nor any publick Advertifements, till I was (hewed Printed Papers upon the Corners ot Streets, wherein were in great Letters, Dn, Deux, Cwq, Dix Jufq-j a Cinquante Lom^ a gagner, _ that is, from One to Fifty Louifes to be got 3 and then underneath an account of what was loft. This fure is a good and quiet way ^ for by this tneans without noife you often find your Goods again 5 every body that has found them repair¬ ing in a day or two to fuch places. The Gazettes come out but once a week, and but few People buy them. ’fis difficult and dangerous to vend a Libel here. While we were in Town, a certain Perfon gave a Bundle of them to a blind Man, a Beggar of the Hofpital of the ^tincevint, telling him he might get five pence for every penny ^ he went to Nojlredawe. , and cried them up in the Service time. La vie <0“ Miracles de Evefq-^ de Reims, This was a Trick that Was play’d the Archbifhop, as it was thought, by the Jefuits, with whom he has had a great Conteft about Molinas the àyanifl} J. DoSfrmes, The Libel went off A Journey to Paris, is^c. 23 at any Rate, when the firO: Buyers had read the Title further, and found they wereagainft the prefent Archbifliop,Duke and firft Peer of f ranee. The Streets are lighted alike all the strecu Winter long, as well when the Moon fhines, as at other times of the Months which I remember the rather, becaufe of the impertinent ufage of our People at London^ to take away the Lights for half of the Month, as though the Moon was certain to fhine and light the Streets, and that there could be no Cloudy Weather in Winter. The Lanthorns here hang down in the very middle of all the Streets, about 20 paces diftance, and 20 foot high. They are made of a fquare of Glafs about 2 foot deep, covered with a broad Plate of Iron 3 and the Rope that Jets them down, is fecured and lockt up in an Iron Funnel and little Trunk faft- ned into the Wall of the Houfe. Thefe Lanthorns have Candles of 4 in the pound in them, which laft burning till after mid¬ night. As to thefe Lights, if any Man break them, he is forthwith fent to the Gallies ^ and there were 3 young Gentlemen of good Families, who were in Prifon for having done it in a Frolick, and could C 4 not A Journey to Paris, not be releafed thence in fome Months ^ and that not without the diligent ^^ppli: cation of gcod Friends at Court. The Lights 2Lt Park for 5 Months in the year only, coft near ’ÿooool. Sterling. This way of Lighting the Streets iS in ule alfo in fome other Cities in France. The Kipg is faid to have raifed a large Tax by it. In the Preface to the Tax it is faid. That confidering the great danger his Sub- jefts were in, in Wglking the Streets in the Dark, from Thieves, and the breaking their Necks by falls, he for fuch a Sum of Money did grant this Priviledge, that they might hang out Lanthorns in thiÿ mannejr. I have fiid, that the Avenues to the Gty, and alï the Streets, are paved witli a very hard Sand Stone, about 8 Inches fquare ^ fo they have a great care to keep them clean; in Winter, for Example, upon the melting of the Ice, by a heavy drag with a Horfe, which makes a quick riddance and cleaning the Gutters ; fo that in a days time all parts of the Town are to admiration clean and neat again to walk on. ^ i could heartily wifh their Summer deanlinefs was as great ; it is certainly as neœflary to keep fo populous a City 25 A Journey to Paris, i^c. fweet 5 but I know no Machine fufficient, but what would empty it of the People too 5 all the Threats and Infcriptions up¬ on Walls are to little purpofe. The Duft in lj)ttdott in Summer is oftentimes, if a Wind blow, very troublefome, if not intolerable ^ in Paris there is much left of it, and the reafon is, the flat Stones require little Sand to fet them faft, where¬ as our fmall Pebles, not coming together, require a vaft quantity to lay them faft in Paving. But from the People in the Streets, to Siatnes the dead Ornaments there : There are an infinite number of Bufto’s of the Grand Monarque every where put up by the Common People 5 but the Noble Statues are but few, confidering the Obfequious Humour and Capacity of the People to perform. That in the Place-Vicfoire is a-fbot in Braft all over gilt ^ vfxth Vi&oire i, that is, a vaft Winged Woman clofe Ijehind his Back, holding forth a Laurel Crown over the Kings Head, with one Foot up¬ on a Globe. There are great exceptions taken at the Gilding by Artifts 5 and, indeed theThining feems to fpoil the'Fea¬ tures, .an 4 give I know not what confu- ^on 5 it had better have been all of Gold brafled 26 A Journey to. Paris, n. The like is of K. J. in White¬ hall, at Chelfey-CoUedge, our Invalides. Now I appeal to all Mankind, whether in ro- prefenting a living Prince now a-days thefe naked Arms and Legs are decent, and whether there is not a barbarity very difpleafing in it. The Father of thefe two Kings, Charles the Firft, was the Prince of this Age of the beft Relifli, and of a found Judgment,particularly in Painting Sculpture, Architedure by Sea and Land witnefs the vaft Sum of Money he be- ftowed upon Rubens and his Difciple Vandy^. ^ Alfo the great Efteem he liad tor the incomparable Inigo y ones, who was the firft Englijhman in this Age that 11 ^ .7,. ’ ^ preterable to all the Buildings on this fiHfi thf> . getbeç A Jouxmy to Paris, (s‘c. getlier moftly upon the place and at Rom. Alfo the Ship the Sovereign^ which was truly the Nobleft floating Caftle that ever fwam the Sea. Yet after all this, that King had a StatHa Equeflris of himfelf erefced, now at Charingcrofs^ caft in the full Habit of his own time, and which I think may com¬ pare with the beft of that fort at Park. I Ihould beg Leave in the next place to vifit the Palaces and Men of Letters and Converfation 5 but I muft take no¬ tice firft of the vaft Expences that are here in Iron Balaftrades, as in the Place-^ Rojid^ which Square is compafled about with one of 10 foot high^ Of this fort and better there are infinite every where in Park ^ which gives indeed a full view of the beauty of their Gardens and Courts. Firfl, therefore, I faw the Palak Mazarî», p. Maza» in which are many good Pidures, but the Low Gallery is furniflit with a great Col- ledion of Ancient Grenand RomanStsr tues, and is what I moft took notice of 5 They were moft brought from Rome by the Cardinal. Thofe which are Togata and Cloathed, are as they were found 3 but fuch ^ as were made Nnda^ are miferably dilguifed by the fond Humour of the puke de Mazarv/,who in a hot Fit of De¬ votion A Journey to l?aris, votion caufed them to be caftrated and mangled, and then frocked them by à fad Hand with 1 know not what Plaifter of Paris, which makes them very ridi¬ culous. Cicero fomewhere tells us, that fome of the ancient Wife Men thought there was nothing naturally obfcene, but that every thing might be called by its own Name ^ but our Celfm is of another mind, and begs Pardon, being a Roman, that he writ of thofe Matters in his own Tongue. Tis certain upon our Subjed, the Duke ftiould not have furniftit his Cabinet and Gallery with Naked Piduresj but with tlie Togatæ only 5 or if it had once pleafed him to do otherwife, he Ihould not have Cloathed them 5 which was at beft but a vain Oftentation of his Chaftity, and betrayed his ignorance and diflike of good things 5 that is, fpoils and hides the noble Art of the Sculpture, for which only they are valuable. But why Ihould Nudity be fo ofFenfive, fince a very great part of the World yet defies Cloaths, and ever did fo 5 and the parts they do moft affed to cover, is from a certain neceffity only. Tis plain by thefe and many other E- legant Statues I faw at Verfailles, moft of which were taken out hence, that the Roman Cloathing was the moft fimple thing A journey to Paris, isc, 51 thing imaginable, and that a Roman was as foon undrefled as I can put off my Gloves and Shoes. The Men and Wo¬ men went dreft much alike 5 As for the fafliion of the Roman Habit, it is evident by thefe ancient Statues, (which 0&. Feirartus has well and reafonably fol¬ lowed in explicating the feveral Garments of the Ancients) that the Tunica or Shirt was without a Collar or Sleeves, and girt high up under the Breafts ; alfo, that the Toga or Goron was a wide and long Garment open at both ends, and let down over the Head, and fupported by the Left Hand thruft under the Skirts of it, whilft the top of it refted upon the left Shoulder 5 The Right Hand and Arm was naked, and above the Gown, fo that the Gown was ungirt and always loofe. Now for the purpofe, when a Roman made himfelf naked for the Bath, (as he daily did juft before eating) he had no¬ thing to do but to draw up his Left Hand, and the Gown fell down at his Feet 5 and at the fame time to loofe the Girdle of the Tunica, and to draw up both his Arms from under the Tunica, and that alfo fell at his Feet. In the firft Ages of the Commonwealth they wore a Toga or Gown only, after¬ wards they put on next the Skin a Tunica or A Journey to Paris, isc. or Shirt, and never added more in the very Splendour ahd Luxury of the Em¬ pire 5 all other Matters of Gloathing, of what nature foever, have been invented fiftce. I much admired, that in the great numbers of ancient Statues to be feen in and about Park^ I could never meet any one but what Was Cloathed with a Toga purdy and no reprefentation of a Bullated one. This Togd and Tunka both were made of fine white Wooll, or Flannel ; They had not a Rag of Linnen about them. This Flannel, I fay, was very fine, for the folds are fmall, and it falls into them eafily ^ and feems to be very light, by the handling of it, to raife it by the Finger and Thumb only, as is the Air of fome of the Statues, and the whole Garment to be fufpended by the left Shoulder r Upon the lead: ft raining of it, tlie Breafts and Nipples are vifible through it 5 alfo the proportions of the Thighs. This wearing all Woollen in a hot Country,brought on the ufe and neceffity of frequent Bathing, otherwife they could never liave kept therafel ves fweet and cleany and the neceffity of Bathing kept them to this fort ot loolè Garment^ and muclr Bathing brought in Oils, and Oils Per¬ fumes infufed in them. But A Journey to Paris. But in my mind a fair Linnen Shirt every day isasgreataprefervativeto Neat- nefs and Cleanefs of the Skin and Health, as daily Bathing was to the Koma.tiu Tis Certain, had th'ey not ufed either fimple Oils of Olives, fometimes unripe and old, for the aftrin^ency, and fometimes ripe and perfumed, the warm Water muft hâve much decayed Nature, and made the Skin intolerable tender and wrinkled- The Naked Indims and Blacks fectire their Skins by Oils at this day from all the in¬ juries of the Weather, both from Heat and Cold. ^ But the beft Rule of Health and long Life is to do little to our felves : People are not aware what inconveniencies they bring upon themfelves by cuftom, how ‘ they will plead for things long ufed, and malce that pleafant which is very deftru- dive to their Healths ; as in the Cafe of Cloathing, Tobacco, Strong Waters, Steel Remedies, the Drinking Mineral Waters, Bathing, Tea, Coffee, Chocolate,c^c. One little Statue I took more particular notice of, for the elegance of the Sculp¬ ture, and the humour of the Drefs 5 it Rood upon a Table 5 it was the Figure of a Sybil : The Face of the old Woman was cut very deep into the Stone, within theQuoifure, like a Hood pulled over the D Fore- A Journey to Paris. Forehead, a very Emblem of an Oracle, which is hid, dark, and ambiguous, as the Woman her felf, who would have nei¬ ther her Face feen, nor her Saying eafily underftood^ that is, Ihe is as it were afhamed of her Cheat. “What was the fancy of the Men of the firft Ages to make Old Women Propheteffes^ to utter Oracles, and to interpret the Will of the Gods by the eating of Ani¬ mals. To make them Sagæ and Venefiu is reafonable enough ^ for old Age makes all People fpiteful, but more the weaker Sex 5 To Poifon and Bewitch are the fe- cret Revenges of Impotent People. ^ The Jerps were impatient of the Com¬ pany of Women in their Religious Rites, left they fhould contaminate and fpoil all their Devotion. The Romans on the con¬ trary thought Religion became Women better than Men, for befides the general parts they had in common with the Men in Adoration of their Gods, they hadalfo peculiar ones, where the Men were not concerned. Tul/j bids his Wife fuppli- cate the Gods for him ^ for he tells her, he thought they would be kinder to her than him. Upon fome fuch Principle, probably, their Propheteflès were in efteem. I A Journey to Parisi 3«? I faw the Apartment of Mpiifieur Vt- ^ viers in the Arfenal 5 it confifhs in 7 or 8 Ground Rooms looking into the great Garden ^ Thefe Rooms are fmall, but moft curioufly furniftit, and have in them the greateft variety, and beft forted China. Ware I ever faw, befides Pagods and China PiUnres. Alfo elegant' and rich Bureaus, Book^CaJes, and fome Paint¬ ings of the beft Mafters. * That which pleafed me moft, anlotlgft the Paintings, were the Pieces of Ram- hramts, that incomparable Painter. A Girl with, a Cage in one Hand, and looking up after the ^ird that had got out, and was flying away over her Head î She had Fright, Amazement, and Sorrow in her Looks. The other is an unlucky Lad leaning upon a Table, and looking with Mifctiief in his Eyes, or that he watcht to do fome unhappy turn. The 3d is a young Gentleman in a Fur Cap en dtJfjabtlJe, after his wonted manner. The two firft are the moft natural Thoughts and Drefs that can be 5 but nothing cer¬ tainly ever came near his colouring for Flefti and Garments ; This part he ftudied paffionately all his Life,and was ever try¬ ing Experiments about it 5 and with what fuccefs, thefe and many other Pieces Ihew.^ D 2 Thefe A Journey to Paris. Thefe Three Piftures of Rambrant are all of >’t)urig People, and are finilbt with all the art and perfection of Co¬ louring, as fmooth as any Limning ^ which makes the Judgment.of Rhilbkn of him appear not’juft, for he fitted his Paint according to the Age and Nature of the .Subjects he wrought. I had the pleafure of feeing them again and again. Monfieur le Nojire's Cabinet, or Rooms wherein he keeps his fine things, tl:æ Controller of the Kings Gardens, at the fide of the Tull/a 'ks^ was worth feeing. He is a very ingenious old Gentleman, and the Ordinance and Defign of moft of the Royal and great Gardens in and a^ut Vark are of his Invention, and he has lived to fee them in perfection. This Gentleman is 8^ years old, and quick and lively. He Entertained me very Civilly. There were in the 3 Appartments, into which it is divided, (the uppermoft of which is an OCtogon Room with a Dome) a great Collection of choice Pidures, Porcellans, fome of which were Jars oî a molt exraordinary fize^ fome old Ro- fnan Heads and Bufto’s, and intire Sta- ^ great Collection of Stamps ver\' richly bound up in Books ^ but he had lately made a Draught of his beft Pictures, A Journey to Paris. to the value of 50000 Crowns, and had prefented them to the King at Verfail/es. There^ was not any thing of Natural Hi- ftory in all his Cabinet. ^ I was feveral 4 :imes witli him, and once he carried me into an upper Clofet, where he had a great Colleftion of Me¬ dals in 4 Cabinets, moft modern 3 a- mongft them there were 4 large Drawers, 5 of which were the Medals of King William, near 300 5 The 4th Drawer was of King William'^ Anceftors and Family ; he had^ been 40 years in making this Colleftion, and had purchafed many of them at vaft Rates. He has certainly the beft Furniture for an Hijlcna metallica, that I everfaw. The K. has a par¬ ticular Kindnefs for him, and has greatly inricht him, and no Man Talks with more freedom to him 5 he is much de¬ lighted with his Humour, and will lit and fee his Medals, and when he comes at any Medal that makes againft him, he will fay. Sire, voyla nnc, qtt eji bien contre nom î as though the Matter pleafeë him, and he was glad to find it to (hew it the King. Monfieur le Nojlre fpoke much of the good Humour of his Mafter ; he af¬ firmed to me he was never feen in Pafiion, and gave me many Inftances of Occaficns, that would have caufed moft Men to D 3 ■ have 37 J A Journey to Paris, have raged 5 which, yet he put by with all the Temper imaginable. In this Cabinet I faw many very rare old China Veffels, and amongft them a thiall Roma» Glafs Urn^ very thick made, and ponderous, of a blue Sea colour, tlie two Ears were Feet divided into 4 Claw^, but the very bottom of this Veflel was fmooth, and very little umbilicate 3 and for this reafon I cannot tell whether it might not be and not hlmn. The Palace of Luxemburgh is the moft P- fiiiilht of all the Royal Buildings 5 it is very magnificent, well defigned, were it not for the triftng Interférions or round and deep Jointings of the Columns, which looks like a Cheefemongers Shop, and which is below the grandeur of the Or¬ ders, fo hard a matter it is to have a true Re- lifh of the ancient Simplicity, and not to add impertinent Ornaments. And to fay the truth, there are not ma.ny things in Paris where this Chaftity is ftridly pre- ferved^ amôngft thofe, where little is to be blamed, are the South Eaft Front of the Louvre, the Facade of St. Gervak, and the whole Building of Val de Grace. And this Wantonnefs in additional Or¬ naments may perhaps be one reafon, why is more praftifed here at this A Journey to Paris. day, the Modillions naturally admitting greater variety, and according to the in¬ tended ufe of the Building. In this Palace is that famous Gallery, where the Hiftory of Maria of Medicis is Painted by Rdefts. Though this was done 70 years ago, it is as frefh as at the firft ^ fo great a Mafter he was in Colour¬ ing. His Flefh is admirable, and his Scarlet, for which,* if he had not a fe- cret, not now underftood, he had lefs Avarice, and more Honour, than moft of our Modern Painters. ’Tis certain the goodnefs of Colours was one of the great Cares and Studies of the late fa¬ mous Painters ^ and that which feems moft to have obliged them to it, was the neceffity they put themfelves upon, to Paint all their own Defigns, and more particularly the • prefent Drefles. And though Rjibens in his Hiftory is too much a Libertine in this refpeâ:, yet there is in this very place, which we now deferibe, much truth in the habit of his principal Figures, as of King Henry the Fourth, the Queen, her Son, the 3 Daughters and the Cardinal ^ though indeed the Allegoric afliftants in all the Tableaux are very airy and fancifully fet out. His Scholar St. Aut. Vandyke did introduce this No¬ velty too much in England, where the ' D 4 Per- 39 A Journçy to Paris, Perfons would bear it 5 as the Female Sex were very willing to do, who feem in his time to have been mighty fond of being Painted in dijhahille. Twas this that cut out of bufinefs the beft E/?gliJh Painter of his time, Corneli^ Johnfoa^ and fliortned his Life by Grief. It is certain with a little patience all Drefs becomes dijhabille ^ but I appeal, whether it is not better and hiuch more pleafing to fee tlie old Fafhion of a dead Friend, or Relation, or of a Man of Diftinction, Painted as he was, than a foppilh Night-Gown, and odd Quoifure, which never belonged to the Perfon Painted. But that which led me into this Re- fleftion was, that the Modern Painters have hereby ah opportunity to be idle, and to have others to work under them ^ it is fufficient to findh the Face, and to fend it out tobeDreft at the Block; where¬ as were they obliged in Honour to Paint the whole Drelles, this would make them accurate in Colouring, througli the great variety which would daily occur, and and that noble Art be in a far greater efteem, ° A good Artift might eafily reduce it, and command the Purfes of thofe he 1 amts, to pay Well for his labour and time, for it is the lot but of very few Men to excel in this Noble Art, ■ - iij f A Journey to Paris. In the Antichamher of the Queens Apartment there arc other Paintings of Èjtbens, as, in 5 diftindl Tableaux, at the upper end of the Room the Ceremonies of the Marriages of her 5 Daughters, to Savoy, Spain, and England, Alfo in an Other Hiftorical Tableaux, on the fide of the fame Room, he has Painted his own Pifture, ill a very^ free and eafie pofture, next the Eye, up in the very corner, look¬ ing out, as unconcerned in his own Ta¬ bleaux, upon the 5 Ladies. He has done his Wife in fome of the Tableaux in the great Gallery 5 but in the laft:, where the Queen is mounting up to Heaven, (he is drawn up after her ; but whether it be her full and heavy Body, or her Mind, (he is Painted in a very unwilling po¬ fture, bending back : It feems her Huf- band liked her Company too well to part with her eafily, or ftie with him. Several of the Rooms of this Apart¬ ment were Wainfcoted with Cedar, wrought in Flowers, as her Dreffing Room and Oratory ^ which is rare in Parff. The Floors were made of fmall VVooti put together in Figures, the in¬ ward Knots were inlaid with Threads of Silver, which have a marvellous effeâ: 5 but the firmnefs, duration, and intire- jiefs of thefe Floors, after fo long laying, ' ' " I mbft 41 I A JouYTiey to Paris. Î moft admired : whereas with us in Lon,, don, and elfewhere in Park, they prove fo noi(y to tread on, and faulty, that they are in a few years intolerable. ’Tis pity the King has fo great an a- verfion to the Louvre, which if finifht, (^which he might eafily do in 2 or 3 years) would be the moft Magnificent Palace, perhaps, that ever was upon the Face of the Earth ; and, indeed, without that be done. Park will never arrive at its full Beauty. There are two Stones in the Fronton of the^ South Eaft Facade of the Louvre, which are (hewed to all Strangers, co¬ vering the very top of it, as Slates do, and meet in an angle. Thefe are very big, z'iz. 54 foot long a-piece, 8 foot broad, and but 14 inches thick : The raifing fo high thefe two vaft and tender Stones was jookt upon as a Mafter-piece of Art, e- quallirtg any thing of the Ancients of that Nature. They were taken out of the Quarries of Meudon, where Mon- feigneur the Dauphin dwells. I faw in the Galleries of the LouvreÇome of the Battles of Alexander by Brun • which are by the French the moft admirecî Pieces of Painting that have been (fay they) done by any Man on this fide thlAlpes \ and 42 The A Journey to Paris', and of which they are not a little proud. Alfo a large Piece of T*kulo Vereneje, prefented by the Senate of Venice to the King. . 1 cannot pafs by unmentioned thevaft number of great Cafes in one of the Gal¬ leries, wherein are the Play things or Pup^ pets of the Dauphin, when a Child : They reprefent a Camp in all its parts, andcoft 50000 Crowns. But, indeed, that which moft furprifed me in the Ij>uvre was the Artellier or Work-houfe of Monfieur Gerardon 5 he that made Cardinal Richelieu s T^mby and the Statua Equeftrk defigned for the Place de Vendofme ; he told me he had been al- moft 10 years in making the Model with afliduity and daily application. He hath in the Louvre alfo two Rooms, in one are ancient Marble Statues, and in the other are Brafs Statues and Vafa., and a 100 other things relating to Anti¬ quity : There is nothing in Park deferves more to be feen. In this laft, I faw a fort of Egyptian JanuSy with Silenus on one fide, and a Bacchus on the other 5 With many o- ther Egyptian well defigned 5 all of them with a hole in the Crown of the Jlead, 44 A Journey to Paris. Alfo a Lion of Ægjipt very large of Brafs 5 but the defîgn rude, and more like an Indian Pagod. This alfo had a large fquare hole in the Back, near the Neck. The Siamltes that came in an Em- baffiy to Paris^ were well pleafed to fee this Figure, and faid, it was not unlike one of theirs 5 and that that hole ferved to put the Incenfe in, that tlie Smoak might come out of the Body and No- ftrils of the Lion. I doubt not but that alfo was the ufe of the open Crowns of the i-eft of the JEgjiptia» Figures, which I had feen elfewhere, as well as here • and their Heads ferved for Perfumml Pots for themfelves : and hence alfo j other Ornament of Ra- A Jùurney to Paris. to me not unplealant 5 but I could not liken it to any Perfume now in ufe with us 5 tho’ I make no queftion, but Naptha. was the great Ingredient 5 which indeed is fo unufual a Smell, that the Mineral Waters of Hogsdenncaï London, (wherein the true Naptha is Subftantially, and of which I have fome Ounces by me, ga¬ thered oft of thofe Waters) have impofed upon the ignorant in Natural Hiftory 3 who would make them come from a chance Turpentine Effufion, or the Mifcarriage of a Chymical Experiment. Here were alfo great variety of Zh-ns and Funeral V^a of all Materials a*id Falhions. Alfo an antiènt Writing-Pen coil’d up, with two ends erefted both a-like, repre- fenting the Head of a Snake. The Jntient Meads and Bufto’s in Brafs are numerous and of great value. This Gentleman is exceeding Courteous to all Strangers ^ efpecially to fuch as have the leaft good relifti. of Things of this Na¬ ture, to whom he (hews them gladly. It cannot be otherwife, that a Man Edu¬ cated in that Noble Art of Sculpture, who (hall daily ftudy fo great a variety of Originals of the beft Mafters, but muft far excell the reft of Mankind, who pra- (ftife without good Example, and by fancy moftly. 1 4 ^ A Journey to Paris* Monfieur I was to fee Moflfieur Boudelot, whofe Btudeht. Friendfliip I highly value : I received great Civilities from him. He is well known by his Books about the Utility of Voyages : He has a very choice and large Colleâion of Books of Greek and Roman Learning. I made him feveral Vifits, and had the pleafure of perufing his Ca¬ binet of Coins, and fmall Images of Copper, which are many and of good value 5 SLsÆgyptian, Phrygia», Grecian, and Roman. ^ Amongft his Ægyptia», the moft cu¬ rious was a Deus Crepitus of admirable Workmanlhip, with a Radiated Crown ; It was an JtLthyopian, and therefore be- fpoke its great Antiquity, for they very ufually reprefented their Kings under the Figures of their Gods. There was alfo the Skeleton of a Wo¬ man of folid Copper, found in the Body of a Mummy, in a fitting Pofture 5 not unlike that other mentioned above in Monfieur Girardons Clofet. An Apk ox a Heifer in Copper, A Phrygian Priapus of Elegant Work- manlhip : The Phrygia» Cap pointed and ^^ehind, as our Caps in JJtpabiUte are now worn. Of A Journey to Paris. • Of all which, and many more, this Learned Antiquary intends to write. In his Cabinet of Medals I could not find one of Palmyra^ for which I care¬ fully enquired ^ for I was willing to add what could be found in France upon this Subjed. He has alfo many Marbles from Greece 5 moft of which have been publifli'd by Span 5 fave one, and that is the moft Antient and moft Curious of all 5 con¬ cerning which he is ready to publilh a Diflertation. Tis a Catalogue in Three Columns, of the Names of the moft principal Perfons of Ere[ikek^ one of the chiefeft Tribes of Attica^ that were killed in one and the fame year in five feveral Places, where the Athenians fou^t under two Generals, as in Cyprus^ in Mgypt, in Phanitia, in Ægina, in Halies. Here are 177 Names in the 3 Columns. See Table I, The Mautk clofes the Column, he di¬ ed in Ægypt^ that is, the Phyfician ^ Ma- gick and Phyfick went together in thofe days^ nay, the very Comedians and Poets,thofe neceflaryMen of Wit, fought, for none were exempt from being Inroll’d that were Born in the Kingdom or Re- publick of Attica. The 47 A Jour7tey to Paris. The Antiquity of this Marble, befides the known Hiftory and Names which ju- ftifie the time of thofe Men : The Figure of the Letters are an undoubted Argu¬ ment 3 for there are no double Letters here 5 no « , no <» , but all graved with e, o ^ alfo the Letters, l, p, n, r, are very Roman. So that it is alfo an Evi¬ dence, that the Romans borrowed their Letters from the Antient Greek Alpha¬ bet. The Invention and Borrowing of Let¬ ters was a great Happinefs to Mankind. The Embarras in which Writing is in China, is owing to the Misfortune of wanting an Alphabet ^ fo that the Chimfe are forc’d to exprefs every Sentence and Thought by a different Charader, which has multiplied their Writing to 120000 Charaders ^ of which yet they have lefs need than we in Ettrope, who perform all with 24 Letters, (whereof 5 add life to the other 19, faith Hippocrates, which is an Argument of the Age he writ in, the Knowledge of Grammar, i. e. Read¬ ing and Writing , depends upon feven Figures, de Dicta, i.) the Chinefes know much lefs than we ^ they have no other Morals,they have lefs Philofophy,lefsMa- thematicks, fewer Arts,and yet much nar¬ rower Knowledge of Natural Hiftory, be- caufe A Journey to Paris. caufe they can know but of that, which they have at home: In what therefore Ihould they employ this multitude of Charafters ! Tis, I fay, their Misfortune not to have Thought of an Alphabet : Their common Language is as eallly learnt, and confequently nfight as eafily be writ, as any in Europe. But to return to Monfieur Budelot’s Stores. In this Cabinet I allb faw Ibnie BaJfe-^Relieves : One of Praxiteles well de- figned 5 one of Mafis the Comœdian : Amongft the reft of the Marbles there is a Baflè-Relief, very extant, and finely fi- niftit, of a Cupid afleep , leaning his Head upon hiS Left Arm - In his Hand he holds two Poppji Heads. ’Tis probable the Poppies were Emblimatique from the Power they have in Love-Aftkirs. In¬ deed, moft Poifons affed thofe Parts chiefiy, being the great Sluce of the Ha¬ bit of the Body, or Circle of the Blood * and no People ufe Poppy more, and ftand more in need of it, than the Men who delight in Polygamy, the Mahome¬ tans, or underftand it better i as Olearius teftifies. He had an Antick Bujlo of Zmohia in Marble, with a thick Radiated Crown 5 of which he very obligingly gave me a « E Copy, A Journey to Paris. Copy, well defigned from the Original : This was brought out of AJta by Mon- Ç\cmThevettot. . i u j He (hewed me a Dijfertatton he had written out fair for the Prefs, about a certain An tient Int agita of Madawes^ of Ptolomæus Auletes, or éhe Player upon the Flute : In this the thin Mufler is the molt remarkable Thing , which covers the Mouth and Nofe. This Head is Ingraved upon an Amithyft. I enjoyed this Gentleman’s Company very often y and had much Difcourfe with him about his Books of the Utility of Voyages :y and in one Converfation took the freedom to Dilïènt from him about the Interpretation of that Coin in Mon¬ iteur Seguin^ which he calls Britannic^ Monfieur Boudelot reads it thus, Jovi ViHori Saturnalia lo ! or Jovi ViHoru Sat. lol I had rather read it thus,//» / Sat.Vi&orite lo! upon the occafion of his returning with the Souldiers, filling their Head- Pieces with the Shells they had gathered off of the Sea-fhore ^ and the little ufe of his new invented Letter the Digantmn, which he inftituted or borrowed from the Eoliqne to expiefs Y Confonant. A Journey to Paris. The Shells were a Triumph much like this fmall addition to the Alphabet 5 which lafted no longer than his time : that is. Victory enongh^ (for fo ftnpid a Prince as Claudius ) Let’s return with the Spoils of the Ocean, and Adorn his new invented Letter with a Palm-Branch 5 the Reverfe of this Coin being a Lawrel- Crown : Both the Signs of Viftory. About the Boujlrophedon way of Wri¬ ting, mentioned by Suidas and Paufanias, or turning again as the Ox Plows, or the Racers about the Meta in theGV^//c,in my Opinion it could be nothing elfe, but the Serpentine manner of Writing found in Swedeland in Runiq/ie Letters. He (hewed me alfo a Stoue taken late¬ ly out of the Body of aHorfeatPmj', which was his Death; and dying ftrange- ly, they DilTeded him, that is, certain Ignorant People; in the lower part of the ^*^7» Cp^^^^tde the Bladder) was found this Stone : It weighs, as I guels, two Pound ; it is as round as a Cannon Ball ; it is laminated like an Onion ; for the fîrfl: Couche was broken up in fomePlaces, ot a dark Hair colour, and tranfparent ; or like fome Cloudy Agats which I have feen: It was very ponderous. Such like Tranfparent Stones I had a Patient voided often in TorhJIdre, I faw another Tranf- E 2 parent J 52 OhfewR’ tsrire. A Journey to Paris. parent oiie^ wliicli was cut out of the Buttock of an Alderman at Dancafler 5 he was twice cut in the fame place, at fome years diftance. Another I had in Ibme meafure tranfparent, voided by a Patient, which was of the very colour of a CÆftec-Berry when burnt ^ but of this Stone Monfieur Boudelot writ me a Let¬ ter before 1 left Park, which I defign to publifh. I was by Invitation from Monfieur Cajfim at tlie Obfervatoire Royal, built on a rifing Ground juft without the City Wb.lls ; This Building is very fine, and great Art is uled in the Vaulted Cut Roofs and Winding Staircafes. The Stones are laid infide, outfide, with the moft regularity 1 ever faw in any Mo¬ dern Building^ In all this Building there is neither Iron nor Wood, but all firmly covered with Stone, Vault upon Vault. The Platform a-top is very fpacious, and gives a large and fair view of all Park, and the Countrey about it 5 it is Paved vvitiî Black Flint in fmall fquares, which T make no doubt are fet in Cement or .1 arras, that is, the Pnlvk Puteolanus. V\'e were flaewed a Room well furniflit with Moclels of all forts of Machines ^ and a very Burning Qla.f}, about 9 ' foot A Journey to Paris. foot diameter, which at that time of the year, viz. in the beginning of Fchntarj^ did fire Wood into a flame, in the very moment it came into and part through the Focus. I was indifpofed, and fo could not ac¬ cept of the Favour which was offered me of feeing the Moon in their Telefcopes 5 and to go down into the Vault, which was contrived for feeing the Stars at Noon¬ tide, but without fucccfs. I was told by Monfieur Roman afterwards, that there was a Rock formed in the Cave by the dropping of a Spring of Petrifying Wa¬ ter 5 of which Nature are all the Wells in Paris. In the Flore of one of the Octogone Towers they have defigned with great accuratenefs and neatnefs with Ink an UniverfalMap inavaftCircle. The North- pole is in the Center. This is a Cor- reftion of other Maps upon the lateftand beft Obfervations. His Nephew Monfieur was with him ^ as for his only Son, he w'^as in Lon¬ don at that time : I afterwards was with him at his Fathers, a very hopeful young Gentleman, and well inftrufccd by his Father in the Mathematicks, and all o- ther ufeful Learning. E 3 The 53 U 54 Triumphal /irçh. A Journey to Paris. The Tnuivphal Arch out of the Gate of St. Antoine is well worth feeing ^ for in this the French pretend not only to have imi¬ tated the Ancients, but to have out-done them. They have indeéd, ufed the great- eft Blocks of Stone that could be got, and have laid them without Mortar, and the leaft fide outward, after the manner of the Ancients ; but I am afraid their Materials are very ftiort of the Roman, and their Stone is ill chofe, though vaftly great. Indeed the Defgn is moft Magnificent 5 it is finifhtin Plaifier, that is, the Model of it, in its full Beauty and Proportions. I fiippofe it was intended for a Gate or Entrance into the City 5 for it fronts the great Street of the Suburbs, and has a vaft Walk planted with Trees leading from it^towserds Bok de Vincennes. There is nothing more built but the four Parts of the Foundation of the true Building, raifed only to the foot of the Pedeftals ^ The Foundation is laid 22 foot deep. Amongft the vaft Blocks of Stone, which take up a great compafs before the Building, I found feveral forts, all brouglit iroih the Quarries not far from Park ^ all of them are of a kind of courfe Grit, which will not burn into Liniç. A Journey to Paris. Lime. They diftinguifti thefe Stones in¬ to 4 forts 5 I. Pierre d’arateil, for the firft 2 or 3 couches or lays above the Foun¬ dation 5 This is the beft, and hardeft of all. 2. That of St. Clou, which is good, and the next beft. I did not find by the Blocks defigned either for the Walls of the Building 5 or the Rounds of the Pil¬ lars 5 that the Beds of Stone of St. Clou are above two foot thick. 3. That of S. Lieu 5 this is but indifferent, but yet much better then that Stone which is taken up out of the Stone Pits, in and about Parif, which makes the 4th fort of Stone : If it be wrought up into Walls, as it is taken out of the Pits, it is very apt to be flawed by the Froft ^ but if it be laid in the Air, and kept under cover for two years, then it becomes dry and more durable. I faw but one Piece in Paris of the Ruines of an Old Rom art Building 5 it was in La Rue de la Harpe. The Vaults are very high and large. The manner of Building is, near the fame I formerly caufed exaârly to be figured and deferibed at Tork^. and which is publifht in the Phi- lofophic TranfaLions That is, the infidc and outfide of the VValls are compofed of fix Rows of fmall fquare Stones, and then 4 rows of flat, thin and broad Roman E 4 Bricksy 5^ A Journçy to Paris. Bricks, and fo alternatively from the top to the bottom ^ Which makes it proba^- ble it was, built after Sevcrufs time, for this was the African manner of Building, as Vitruvius tells us ^ and therefore might well be, what Tradition here fays of it, viv. part of Julian the Emperor's Palace, or Therm£. .imo- - St. Innocents Chnrch-lCard, the publick ccrns. Burying-place of the City of Bark for a loco years, when intire (as I once faw it) and built round with double Galleries full of Skulls and Bones, was an awful pd venerable fight ^ but now I found it in Ruines, and the greateft of the Galle¬ ries pulled down, and a Row of Houfes built in their room, and the Bones re¬ moved I know not whether 5 The reft of the Church-Yard in the moft negleifted and naftieft pickle I ever faw any Confe- crated place» ’Tis all one, when Men, even the Roman Catholicks have a mind, or tis their intereft, to unhallow things or places, they can do it with a good fto- machyand leave the Tombs of Chan- œllors and other great Men without Company or Care. What no body gets oy, no body is concerned to repair 5 "but tis ftrange amongft fo many millions of dead Men not one Wonder-working ^aint fliould ftart up to preferve it felf *■ an4 57 U A Journey to Paris. and neighbours from Contempt and Scan¬ dal. That fo much Holy Earth, brouglit, as ’tis faid, fo far off, fhould never pro¬ duce one Saint, but rather fpue up all its Inhabitants, to be thus Ihuffied and diffi- pated. Amongft the many Cabinets of Partf Bm. there is nothing finer than the Colledion of Monfieur Bnco^Gad-croles du Parlement. You pafs tlirough a long Gallery, the one fide of which is a well furnilhed Li¬ brary, and alfo well difpofed in Wired Cafes. This Gallery leads into two Rooms very finely adorned with Pidures, Vafa s. Statues and Figures in Brafs, China, and the famous Ennamel Veffèls, formerly made in Poitu^ which are not now to be had ^ and a thoufand other curious things. 1 very particularly examined his large quantity of Shells^ confiding in near So Drawers. There were indeed very many of a fort, and not many but what I had feen before, and figured He very oblig¬ ingly lent me thofe I had not feen, to have the defigns of them done. He had many very perfed and large ones of Land and Freih Water • but yet a great number were wanting of thofe very Tribes of what I have publilht, Here 5$ Journey to Paris. Here were alfo 2 or 5 very fair ones of that fort of compreft Snail, which have their Tail on the fame fide with their Mouthy and the Vulgar Name, by which thofe Men of Cabinets diftinguifli them, is not amifs, viz,. Des Lampes, He {hewed me a Bivalve, which is not Imcoramon (in a large Blood red Spondik) for which the late Duke of Orleans gave 900 Livres, which is above 50/. Sterling-^ and he alfo affured me, that the fame Per- fbn offered a. Parijîan for 32 Shells iiooo Livres ; which Sum was refufed ^ but the Duke replied. That he knew not who was the greater Fool, he that bid the Price, or the Man that refufed it. I abb faw in this Colledion an Hippo- eampm about 4 inches long, the Tail fquare, thick Bellied and Breaft like a miller Thumb, W^inged not unlike a fort of Flying Fifh, but the Fins were fpoiled, the Membranes being torn from the Bones of the Wings, the Head long and fquare like the Tail, with a fort of tufted Mufle. This Filh I took to be of the Hippocampus Kind 5 and (as he told me) it was given him by my Lady Portfmouth, poifibly out of King Charles’s Colledion, who had many curious Prefents made him (as one of Shells from the States of Holland, ma¬ ny of which I have feen in other Hands) but oi>ictr-v. A Journey to Paris. 5P but he fufFered them all to be diffipated and loft. Here alfo was a Vejpetum Catzadenfe of a moft elegant Figure, and admirable Con¬ trivance 5 of which I have a Drawing. This is intire in all its parts 5 it is as big as a middle-fized Melon, Pear-faftiion, with an edge running round where it is thickeft, from which edge it fuddenly declines and leflens into a point 5 at the very end of the point, on one fide, is a little hole, with pulvinated or fmooth edges inclined inward 5 otherwife it is whole, and wrought upon the Twig of a Tree, of a very fmooth Sattin-like Skin. Table I. Figure I. Alfo the Striated Skin of an Africatt Afs, fupple and well cured, which I had never leen before. It is certainly a moft beautiful Animal 5 and, I admire, after fo many Ages that it has been known to the People of Europe^ it could never be Tamed, and made of common ufc, as the reft of the Horfe Kind. This wa$ only of two colours, viz. broad lifts of White and Bay or Chefnut colour drawl} from the Back down the Sides to the Bel¬ ly, which was all White : The lifts were parted at the Back by a very narrow ridge of ftiort Hair 5 which Lifts alfo went round the Legs like Garters. The Hair coloured 6 O Dr. Turn- A Journey to Paris. coloured Stripes of the Africm Afs were, near the Back, 3 or 4 Fingers broad, alfo the Lift down the Back was very broad. Another Skin of a Cap-Afs I after¬ wards faw at Dr. Tumfords 5 and the Stripes were the fame, but much broader and darker coloured 5 it may be from the different Ages. This fort of Striping feems to be peculiar to the Afs, for the moft common to be feen with us have all a BlacliLiJl down the Back ^ and two more, that is, on each fide one, run¬ ning down the Shoulders. I faw Monfieur Turnfort's Colledion of Shells, which are well chofen, and not above one or two of a fort 5 but very perfed and beautiful, and in good order, confifting of about 20 Drawers. There was amongft them a very large Land Shell, the fame which I have fi¬ gured from the Mufaum at Oxford, having its turn from the right hand to the left. Alfo many very excellent and large Pa- terns of other Land Snails • alfo a FreJI>- raater MnJJel fromBrafil, which I had never feen before 5 a Pair of them he gave me 5 and many Species of Frefti-water Bncdna from the Carribe Iflands. Alfo an Aurk Marina SpiJJe echinata 5 which was new to Amongft / A Journey to Paris. Amongft the Shells the Thitin Oljier, which fliines within like Mother of Pearl, and has in the uppermoft end of the flat Valve, near the Hinge, a Hole. Thefe he brought with hint, and took them up alive, from the Rocks in Spain 5 he laid they were very ofïèlifîvely bitter to the tafte. Thefe being perfeft, I had the op¬ portunity of feeing that Hole fhut with a peculiar and third Shell, of the falhion of a Pouch or Shepherds Purfe. I ftiall fay nothing of his vafl: Collefti- on of Seeds and Fruits, and dried Plants, which alone amount to 8000 , and in this he equals, if not excells all the moft curious Herborifts in Europe. His Her- borifations about Parif he gave me to car¬ ry for England, juft then Printed off; alfo he ftiewed me the Defigns of about 100 European Non Defcript Plants, in Bvo. which he intends next to publifli. He alfo (hewed me 10 or 12 Angle Sheets of Vellom, on each of which were Paint¬ ed in W^ater Colours very lively, one Angle Plant, moftly in flower, by the beft Artift in Park, at the King’s Charge; Thofe are fent to Verfailles, when the Doftor has put the Names to them, and there kept : In this manner the King has above 2000 rare Plants, and they work daily upon others : The Limner has two Louis’s for every Plant he Paints. I 61 62 A Journey to Paris. I law there alfo the Vejpetum Camdenfe I Maximum^ about 12 inches long, and 6 | in diameter ^ of a Pear faftiion ^ it hangs by a long and broad loop to the Twig of I a Tree 5 The broad or lower end is a little I pointed, and riling in the middle ^ The outward Skin is as fmooth as Veloni, and of a whitilh grey, next to the Pearl colour. The Button at the bigger end in this being broken, and the outward Skin pilled off, I could fee a hole of about half an inch diameter in the very middle, into which the Wafps go in and out ^ The Cells are fexangular, but of a very fmall fize, not much bigger then a Duck Quill, or very fmall Goofe Quill ; and confequently appear very thick fet and numerous. See the Figure above* He fhewed me alfo a very great Juluf from Brafil, at leaft fix inches long, and pvo about, round like a Cord, very fmooth and Ihining, of a kind of Cop¬ per or Brazen colour 5 The Feet infinite, like a double Fringe on each fide : This he had from F* Plumier ^ who after- wards gave me a Defignof it drawn by me Life, and in its proper colours. lable 5. Dr. A Journey to Paris. ^3 Dr. Turn fort ftiewed me aPrcfentwliîich was made him by his Country Man of Provence, Monfieur Bcyeur djguilles, of a large Book in Folio of curious Stamps. This is only the firft part of his Cabinet, all Graved at the Author’s Charge 5 and he is faid to be another Peiresk^, which would be happy for Mankind, and a great Honour to that Country to have produced two Mæcends in one Age. I was to fee Monfieur Verney at his partment at the upper-end of the Royal Phylick Garden ^ but miffing my Vilk, went up, with a young Gentleman of my Lord Ambalïàdor’s Retinue, to fee Mr. Bennis, who was in the Diflèfting Room, working by himfelf upon a Dead Body, with his Breaft and Belly gutted : Tliere were very odd things to Be feen in the Room. My Companion, it being morning, and his Senfes very quick and vigorous, was ftrangely furprifed and offended 5 and retired down the Stairs much fafter than he came up ; And in¬ deed, a private Anatomy Room is to one not accuftomed to this kind of Manufa:- flure, very irkfome , if not frightful : Here a Basket of Differing Inftruments, as Knives, Saws, And there a Form with a Thigh and Leg flayed, and the ^ Mufcles i , \ 'I Mufcles parted afunder ; On another Form Î an Arm ferved after the fame manner: ,, Here a Trey full of Bits of Flelh, for the ' more minute Dilcovery of the Veins and i ' ; ' Nerves 5 and every where fuch difcou- : Objeds. So, as if Reafon, and I the good of Mankind did not put Men upon this Study, it could not bè en- i dured ; for Inftind and Nature moll: ce^ , I tainly abhors the Employment. :! 'J; Monfieut I faw Monfieur Mente, a moft painful and accurate Anatomift , and free and communicative Perfon, at his Houfe Rue de la PriaceJJe. His Cabinet confided of two Chambers ; In the outward were great variety of Skeletons ^ alfo entire Preparations of the Nerves in two of whichhelhewedme the miftake of and from thence gatliered, that he was not much ufed to Diflèd with his own ' Hand : The Pia Mater coating the Spinal 1 Nerves but half way down the Back, where it ends: The i)Hra Mater coating h ; i the lowermoft 20 pair which, Willis, I j! (as he faid) 'has otherwile reported. ! But that which much delighted my ■ Curiofity, was the Demonftration of a blown and dried Heart of a Fœtus 3 alf • J ^*1 -4. • 1 1 * A A Journey to Paris. rklebeats: But the Dilating it felf might give way to the defcendiiig Blood of the ye»a Ptdfftoftalis 5 and poffibly, the Em- brio living as it were the Life of an In** fed, can by this Artifice Command the Heart. , I remember in Difcourfe that day with him, he told me. That Monûem Femcy had an old Cat^ and a young Kitlwg juft Born, put into the Air-Pump before the Acddewie Roy allé des Sctences .* That the Cat died after i 6 Pumps, but the Killing fur- vived 500 Pump# ^ which favours in fome meafure the Command young Ani¬ mals have of their Hearts. At another Vifit, Monfieur Merrk ob¬ ligingly procured for me, the Heart of a Human Embrio, with the Lungs intire. He tried before me the Experiment upon Blowing, and alfo Syringing Water into the Aorta^ both which filled the Auricles and Ventricles, and freely came out at the Vc»a Cava only. Then he opened the Right Auricle and Ventricle, where the Foramen Ovale was Open only at one cor¬ ner, not the tenth part of its breadth ^ and a Membrane drawn over the reft, which Membrane was faftned to the fides quite round. Then he opened in the fame manner the Left Ventricle and Au¬ ricle, and there it was evident, that that F 3 Mem- A Journey to Paris. Membrane which clofed the hole, had two narrow Straps or Mufcles by which it was faftncd to the oppofite fines, after the manner of fome of the Valves of the Heart. I told him, that it muft follow from this, that the Foramen Ovale was Ihut and opened more or lefs, at the pleafure of the Embrio, according to the Neceffities of Nature, and the quantity of Blood that was to pafs : That it was probable, that all Infefts had a Command of their Hearts, (of which I had given large In- ftances elfewhere) by fome fuch paflage, which they could Ihut altogether, or in great part, as they had a Mind, inVVinter, in Fear, or Fafting for want of Fcx)d : That the fhutting up of the pafiage in Adult Animals was therefore done in an inftant, by drawing the Curtain fully, which could never be again drawn back and opened, becaufe of the great torrent of Blood, which now entred the Right Auricle, ftopt it in that pofture, which in time would altogether ftiffbn and lofe its Motion of Relaxation. As a Hen, when fhe Sleeps, draws over the Mem¬ brana N ici ans • and I ike wife when fhe Hies, the fame Membrane covers ajl thp Eye, • 71 A Journey to Paris. Mr. Benmi procured me the Hearf of a Humane Fœtus, which had but juft breath’d t the which 1 examined vvith Monfieur Litre of Cajires in Lauguedoc , another very Underftanding and Dextrous Anatomift , and who Teaches Scholars of all Nations the Praftice of Anatomy. The Experiments here were repeated as formerly deferibed ^ Both ^^ind Water palled the Foramen Ovale, both from the Vena Pulmonum, and from the Aorta. That which 1 obferved in this Heart more particularly, was, Thÿ^ the Membrane or Valve on the Left hde ot the Foramen Ovale was flat, and extende almoft over the hole, without any round its edges , becaufe it was nothing but the very fubftance of the Aunatla Siniira continued, or a Procefs thereof : But on the right fide the Vena Cava b^ng joined to the Auricle, it had a rifing edge round that part of it, whence it proceeded^ that is, that the two Faces had contrery openings, and being dr^n as it were one over the other, they Inut the hole ^ but not fo firmly, but the hole might be more or lefs open all a Man’s Life. For thofe two Oval Procelles fticking clofe together in a blown and dried Heart, that is not to be much heeded, for I have feen them dry witli Pa the A Journey to Paris. the hole open ^ but it has been like as betwixt unglued Paper, or as the Ure- thers defcend betwixt the Skins of the ladder, or as the lame happens to the DnSus Bilaw in its infertion into the Guts. The fame Perfon brought me the Heart of a Man 40 years old, in which the J^drameK Ovale was as much open, as in a Fwf/^ new bom ^ and the Ligaments very confpicuous, which tack the fides of the Valve to the Auricle, and go over to the other fide of the Border. ^ •pw. I was not better pleafed with any Vifit i made than with that of F. Plumier, •" Con¬ vent the Mtmmes. He came home in the ■v)teur Pd»/îS Squadron, and brought with Paintings of Plants, Birds, Fifhes, and hSf°V^^ all done by himfelf very accurately. He is a verv tSfTl’ «fPKully in Tt hk F ’ D ‘"'■merly in fwt ? Î «'heKing-sCharee a Book of American Plants in Folio. This ClLr^e ,^ Kings Charge, and returned after feventi yeare wan- Wif0m m/m myniifi ij^J WBifBi’, ^// A Journey to Paris. wandring about the Iflands with this Cargo. He was more than once Ship- wrackt, and loft his Specimens of all things, but preferved his Papers, as ha¬ ving fortunately lodged theminotherVeP' fels ^ fo that the tilings themfelves I did not fee. He had defigned and Dilïèded a Crocodile ^ one of the Sea Tortoifes 5 a Viper, and well defcribed the Dilledti- ons. His Birds alfo were well underftood, and very well painted in their proper colours. I took notice of 5 forts of Owles, one with Horns, all diftinâ: Species from our European, feveral of the Hawk Kind and Falcons of very beautiful Plumage ^ and one of thofe, which was Coal black as a Raven, Alfo (which I longed to fee) there was one Species of the Swallow Kind, very diftinâ: from the 4 Species we have in Europe. Amongft the Fifti there were two new Species of American Trouts, well known by the Flelhy Fin near the Tail. Amongft the Infeds there was a Scolo- pendra oï a foot and an half long, and proportionably broad. Alfo the Juluf very elegantly painted, which I had feen before in Dr. T»r/ir^/’sColledion. Table 5. Alfo a very large Wood-Frog, with the extremity of the Toes webbed. Alfo 73 74 A Journey to P^is. Alfo a Blood-red Poljfuf^ with very long Legs, two of which I could difcérn by the Draught were thick acetabulated. This, he told me, was fo venemous, that upon the leaft touch it would caufe an infupportable burning pain, which would laft feveral hours. There were alfo fome few Species of the Serpent and Lizard Kind. There were but itvf Shells ^ but amongO: thepi there Was a Murex (Sc,tT. which- dies purple, with the Fifli as it exerts it felf in the Sea. Alfo that Land Buccimm (fee Tak 5.) which I have figured, and which lays Eggs with hard Shells, and for bignefs, and Ihape, and colour, fcarce to be diftinguiflit from the Sparrow Eggs. And becaufe the rex and this Buccimm was drawn with the Animals creeping out, I defired a Copy of them, which he freely and in a moft obliging manner granted me ^ He defigned the Buccimtm Terreftre in the Ifland of St. Dofjmrgo, where he found it. Amongft the vaft Colleftion of Plants, I obferved the Torch Kind, and Femes were of all others the moft numerous 5 of each of which there were an incredi¬ ble number of Species. Tliere were 2 or 3 Species of Goosberri es and Currants ; and fome Species of Wild Grapes ^ ^li ‘ ^ , ' ‘ ■ which A Joîmiey to Paris. 75 which F. Plumier told me were good to eat. He told me thefe Drawings would make 10 Books, as big as that he had pnbliflit ^ and Two Books of Animals : He had been often at Verfailles to get them into the Kings Imprimerie'^ but as yet un- fiiccefsfully ^ but hoped e’re long to be¬ gin tlie Printing of them. Note, That the Bookfellers at Paris are very unwil¬ ling, or not able to Print Natural Hi- ftory^ but all is done at the Kings Charge, and in his Prefles. I Vifited Moiifieur Dacier and hk Lady, two very obliging Perfons, and both of great Worth, and very Learned. I think our Profeflion is much beholden to him, for his late elegant Tranflation of Hippocrates into French, with Learned Notes upon him. I wifli he may live to hnifli what he hath fo happily begun. I read over the Two Volumes he has Print¬ ed with great delight. He feems to favour the Opinion of thofe, who think, the Circulation of the Blood was known to him 3 in which he errs undoubtedly. ’Tis manifeft Jii? Ana¬ tomy was rude, dark, and of little ex¬ tent ^ but ’tis alfo as manifeft, that he |tnew very wçll the effeft of the Circu- " ' latioh. A Journey to Paris. lation. As for Example, 2. de DUta. c, 12. AH the Body (fays he) is purged by Refpi- ration and Tranjpirafion, and what Humour thickens, is Jubtilized and thrown out by the Sky»., Md is called Sweat. Again, 5. de Dîæta. c. 5. fpeaking of a fort of foul and impure Bodies, he fays, AXcre is by Labour melted out of the Flejh, than the Circular Motion f of the Blood) hath purged of. There are a great number of Inftances of this Nature. In Converfa- tion I put this to him, which he avowed was all he thought. He told me he had two more Volumes ready for the Prefs, and did intend not to give it over, till he had gone through all the Works of Hippocrates. In which Volumes will be thefe Treatifes : Of Dreams : Of the Regimen in Acute Dijèajês: The Prognojlicks : The Prorrhetiques : Tk Aphorijmes : The Coaques. On that Aphorifm he feemed to me to have a very happy thought, coJa non, fed cruda purganda futst ^ which makes it of the fame fence with that other. Si quid movendum eft, move in principio. ^ I muft needs fay this for Madam Da^ cier, his Wife, though I knew her by her Writings, before I law her, the Learned!!: Woman in Europe, and the true Daughter and Difciple of Faber j A Journey to Paris. Faher i yet her great Learning did not alter her genteel Air in Converfation, or in the leaft appear in her Difcourfe^ which was eafie, modeft, and nothing affefted. I vifited Monfieur one of the M Acadewie des Sciences^ a Man very curious in Minerals ^ of which he fliewed me fome from Siam^ as Jafpers, Onyxes, A- gats, Loadftones, &e. He (hewed me alfo excellent Tin Oar from Alface. AIlo from France a great Block of a fort ot Amythyft of 2 or 300 weight. Some parts of it (for he had feveral Plates fawed and polifht) were vety fine, an» had large Spots and Veins or a deep co¬ loured Violet. It was defigned for a Pavement in Marchetterie, of which he (hewed me a Carton drawn in the Natural Colours. This puts me in mind of a valt Ame- thyft I had feen at London, brought from Nerr-Spatn, and expofedtoSale ^ it weigh¬ ed, as I remember, Eleven Pound odd Ounces ^ and was moft perfectly figured both point and fides, after the manner of a Bripl Diamond, or common Rock Cry- ftal ^ but this Block here was rude, and without any (hape. I V Ac adî^ tnies des Sciences, I cannot fay much of the meeting of . " thefe Gentlemert of the Acad. Royal, de 6«- ences, there are but few of them, about 12 or 16 Members; all Penfioned by the King in fome manner or other. They endeavoured in the War time to have Printed Monthly Tranja&ions or Mé¬ moires after the manner of ours in Lon^ don ; but could not carry them on above two Volumes or Years, for without great Correlpondence this can hardly be done. And ours is certainly one of the beft Regi- fters that ever was thought on, to pre- lerve a vaft number of fcattered Obferva- tions in Natural Hiftory, which other- wile would run the hazard to be loft be- hdes the Account of Learning in Printed Books. A Journey to Paris. 79 hâd Pen, Ink and Paper ready to anfwer it forthwith, fo that the nmltitnde of his Letters cloy’d him not, or ever lay upon his hands. ^ ^, vt The Abbot Bignon is Prefident, Ne¬ phew to ^rlonjietir Pontchartrain. 1 was informed by forne of them, that they have this great advantage to jncourage them in the purfuit of Natural Pbilof<> phv that if any of the Members Ihall We in a Bill of Charges of any Expe¬ riments which he (hall have made; or (hall defire the ImprelTion ot any Book, and bring in the Charges of Graving re¬ quired for fuch Book, the Prefident al¬ lowing it and figning -it, the Money is forthwith reimburfed by the King. As it was done in Dr. Turnfort's Elements deBo- taniciue, the Cuts of tliat Book coft the Kin<^ 12000 Livres. And the Cuts in¬ tended, and now Graving for another Book ot new Plants found in his Voyages into Portugal and Spain, will coft lool. Sterling. Alfo, if Monfieur Merrie, for Example, fliall re(|uire live Tortoifcs for the making good the Experiments about the Heart, they (hall be brought him, as many as he pleafcs, at the King s Charge. Thcfe, befides their Penfions, I (ay, were forne of the Advantages they have injoyed; i So A Journey to Paris* injoyed 5 but the War, for this Reafon has lam heavy upon the Philofophers too. ^ Mr. But t rfidd. Mr. Butterfield is a right hearty honed Bnghjhman,^ who has refided in France ^5 years, is a very excellent Artift in making all forts of Mathematical Inftru- ments, and works for the King and all the Princes of the Blood, and his Work IS fought after by all the Nations of tMrope and Afia. ^ He more than once (hewed me Cwhich IS his great Diverfion) a mighty Colleftion ot Loadftones, to the value of feveral Hundred Pounds., Stfirlwg. &me he had ^s hard almoft as Steel, and othp foft and friable ^ yet of thefe lie had thofe which were of as great virtue as any of the hard 5 That of the equally hafo there were veij great differenck He had one which weighed naked not above a Drachm, and would naked take upaDrachmandanhalf^ butihodwould take up 144 Drachms of Iron, if rightly applied, that is, if the Iron to be taken up did firmly and in a plain touch alike both the Feet. The A Journey to Paris. The heft Shod were thefe that follow. 1. A Slate L^adjione, which I noted not fo much for its ftrength, but be- caufe of its peculiar make, being fairly and diftinftly liiminous throughout, weighing One ounce and an half, draws up One pound. 2. A Smooth Loadftone, weighing One drachm, two fcruples, fourteen grains, draws up Eighteen ounces, that is Eighty two times its weight. 5. Aiiother Smooth Loadftone, weigh- 1 ing Sixty five grains, draws up Fourteen ounces, that is. One hundred and forty four times its weight. There is, a Loadftone no bigger then a Hazel Nut, which took up a huge Bunch , of Keys. ; We have a very laige Slate Loadftone f in the Repofitory at GreJham-CoUedge, at leaft 6 inches over ^ This alfo is but weak 5 Whether the hamine do fpoil the vertue, as though they were but fo many diftind Stones packt together. And yet a Loadftone which takes up ex-.^r. 6 pound weight, cut by the Axis in two halves, and both halves ftidd again, will take up 8 pound. It is plain, that Experiments are bet¬ ter made witha 7 erreZ^ eft not above a foot or two. We fee the Vortices in Water, how wide they work round about them, yaflly increaf- ing the Circles ; and what little refi- ftarice the Air can make to a body of that fubtilty, the Effiuvia of the Loadr done, which can with eafe penetrate all Bodies whatfoever. Marble, Flints, Glafs, Copper, Gold, without any fenfible di¬ minution of its virtue. Again, we fee the Flame of a Lamp in Oil, or Tallow, or Wax, how üiort it is 5 and how long and tapering it is in Spirit of W^ine. If therefore the Magnetick Matter was darted out of infinite final 1 Pipes, and was of the nature of a more fubtile and invifible Flame, why does it not conti¬ nue its courfe in a^lired line to a great length, but return fo fuddenly?. We fee the perfpiration of our Skins to rife into the Air, and continue to mount, which yet has but a weak impulfe from the Heart, being interrupted and broke off, when it ccnies out of the Road of the jpiood A Journej to Paris. Blood into the Dudfus Excntorü. But the Circle of the Magnetick Matter is without any impulfe, that we know of, from the Stone ; and moves in a double circle and with a double and contrary ftream in the fame Pipes, contra^ to the Laws of the Circulation of the in Animals; which has naturally but one Currant, and one Road round^ tor the whole Mafs of Vèflèls, in which the Circulation of the Blood is concerned, is but one continued Pipe. . • i Until the Nature of the Epivta is bet¬ ter known, no very fatisfadory Account can be given of the moft common Phœ- nomena of the Loadftone, ex. gr. w y it does not draw to it all Bodies alike . why a great Loadftone, though weak, extends its vertue much firther, than a fmall one, though ftrong? Why aLoad- ftone communicates its vertue to Iron, as foon as it touches it, nay even at tome diftance, and gives it the properties ot a Loadftone. ,. , . The Truth is, the Earth s being a great Magnet feems to me a meer Vifion and Fable ^ for this reafon, becaufe it is n(« Iron. ’Tis true, Iron Mine is the moft common of all Minerals, and found al- moft in all places; ^^t ithokls n^any proportion with the 87 I 88 A Journey to Paris. the Earthy and is not, at a guefs, as a million to other Foffils ^ This feems evi¬ dent to any one, who has well confider- ed the Chalky Mountains and Cliffs, the high Rag-ftoneMountains and Lime Stone Cliffs, the feyeral Quarries andPitsfunkin- to the Bowels of the Earth for Coal, and Lead, &c. how little Iron there is to be found in ^ comparifon of other Matters. Add to this, that very little of that very Iron Mine, which is to be found any where, is Magnetick, or capable of obe¬ dience to the Magnet, till it is calcined r Whence therefore fhouldall thofe Magne¬ tick Effluvia arife, which are fuppofed every where plentifully to incompafs the Earth ? And why fhould they be fup¬ pofed to be every where wandring in tlie Air, fince ’tis evident, they make hafte to return to the Stone that emitted j’ afraid to leave it, as the Child the Mother before it can ga> Towards the difcovery of the Nature or the Effluvia of the Loadftone, fuch Particulars as thofe, in my Opinion, ought chiefly to be confldered, and pro* fecuted with all induftry. The Load- Rone IS very good, if not the beft Iron Mine. ^ The foie Fufion of the Loadftone turns It into Iron 5 The Fire deftroys its ^Pfy ?tid lb does Vitrilîcatioi^ Iron. A Jouriiey to Paris. 8^ Iron. Fire will make Iron Mine own the Loadftone, and turn to a Magnet ^ Ruft, (into which all Iron will naturally turn) and the reduction of Iron again to its Mine, will take away all the Mag- netick capacity of Iron. A Loadftone cannot be made to alter its Poles, but Iron may ^ nor be deftroyed, but by the Fire. A great and long Bar of Iron is naturally a Loadftone, if held up perpen¬ dicularly, and it changes its Poles at the pleafure of him that holds it : A ftrong Loadftone lofes mucli of its virtue by touching Iron, but after a few days re¬ covers it again : A fmall and weak Load¬ ftone cannot touch to give its virtue to a great lump of Iron : A Loadftone ex- pofed to the Air is fpoilt in time : The deeper the Vein of Iron Mine is, where Loadftone is found, the better the Stone, and how far, this holds true^ for I do not doubt, but a very hard Stone may be found near the day, as well as deeper : A Ruler or long Plate of Steel is much better touched with the virtue of the Loadftone, than a Plate of meer Iron of the fame figure *, but on the contrary a Plate of Iron fticks much fafter to the Loadftone, than a Plate of Steel 5 fo as if a Loadftone draws up a Plate of Steel of a Ounces, it will draw up a Plate of ■ ' ^ ^ Iron A Journey to Paris. Iron of four Ounces and more. Why Iron faftned to the Poles of a Magnet does fo vaftly improve its ftrength, as to be 15c times ftronger than when Naked. Since therefore a Loadftone is nothing elfe but good Iron Mine,and maybe turned into Iron 5 and Iron moft eafily, and of its felf into Load-Stone, the way to find out the Nature of thok Magmticl^^Effluvia, feems to be to enquire ftriftly into the Na¬ ture of Iron Mine,and Iron it feJf 5 and not to run giddily into Hypothefes, before we are well ftocked with the Natural Hiftory of the Load-Stone, and a larger quantity of Experiments and Obfervati- ons relating to Iron and its Mine, with all the Difference and Species of them 5 which I think has hitherto been little heeded. For Nature will be its own In¬ terpreter, in this, as well as in all other Matters of Natural Pliilofophy. Mr. Btaterfield, in another Converfa- tion, told me. He had obferved Load- Stones, which were ftrong without arm- ing 5 and being armed, had not that great advantage by it, as one could have expefted : And that on the contrary, there were others, which had a more incredible Virtue when armed, than they did promife. That A Journey to Paris. That it feldom hapjpens, that a Load- Stone hath as much Virtue in one of its Poles, as in the other ^ and that a bit of Iron is toucht equally well at either of the Poles of one and the fame Load- Stone. That there are Load-Stones which take up much, and which notwithftanding are incapable of well touching Iron ^ fo that a Stone armed, which takes up feven Pound, yet cannot Communicate to a Ruler of Iron, the Virtue of taking up a very fmall Needle. That a Load-Stone of lo Ounces, be¬ ing reduced to the weight of 6 Ounces or thereabouts, did almoft the fame effect as before, d^c. I caufed Mr. Butterfield to make the Slate Laad-Sto»e into a Terella, and when fhod, it was indeed but of little force 5 but I obferved its Poles to lie level with the Lami»æ, of which it was compofed. N. B. A ftrong Load-Stone ought to have large Irons,and a weak one but thin Irons 5 fo that a Stone may be over-fliod. I waited upon the Abbotto Vifit gm*» Monfieur Guanleres^ at his Lodgings in the Hofiel de Gnife. This Gentleman is Courtefie it felf, and one of the moft Curious and Induftrious Perfons in Park. His Mémoires, Manufcripts, Paintings, and and Stamps are infinite, but the method in which he difpofes them; is very par¬ ticular and ufeful. He (hewed his Porte-^ feiulles in Folio, of Red Spanifh Leather finely adorned : In one, for Example, He had the General Maps of England 3 then the particular Maps of the Counties 3 dien the Maps of London, and Views a- bout it : Then the Stamps of all the par¬ ticular Places and Busldmgs of Note a- boutit^ and focf all the Cities in England, and Places and Houfes of Note of the Counties. In other Book-Cafes, he has the Stamps of the States-Mcn of England, Nobility of both Sexes, Souldiers, Lawyers, Di¬ vines, Phyficians, and Men of Diftin- ftion. And in this Method he hath all Europe by themfelves. His Rooms are filled with the Heads of a vaft number of Men of Note in Oil Paintings, and Miniatures or Water-Co¬ lours : Amongft the reft, an Original of King John, who was Prifoner in England, which he greatly values. He (hewed us the Habits in Limning from the Originals, done by the beft Mafters, of all the Kings and (Queens and Princes of France, for many Ages back¬ wards. Alfo the Turnaments and Juft- ings at large 3 and a thoufand fnch things Monuments. He A Journey to Paris. 53 He was fo Curious, that he told me, he feldom went into the Country with¬ out an Antamenjis , and a couple of Men well Skilled inDefigningandPalnt- He (hewed us amongft other curious Manuferipts, a Capitularie of Charles V. alfo the Gofpel of St. Matthew writ ia Golden Letter upon Purple Vellum. This feemed to me to be later than tiiat Manufeript I faw at the Abby of St.Ger- sssaim 1 that is, the Letters lefs and crooked, tho* indeed, the Letters of tlie Title Page are eîçaftly Squai a ^ One Toy 1 took notice ctf, which was a GoUeftion of Playing Cards for ^ 500 years i The oldeft were three times bi^er than what are now ufed, extreamly well lined and illuminated with guilt Bor¬ ders, and the Paftboard thick and firm ^ but there was not a compleat Sett them* Amonga the Perfons of Diainak>n Mato and Fame, I was defirous to fee Madameei- fclle de Scuderk, now 91 years of Age. Her Mird is yet vigorous,^ tlio’ her Body is in Ruins. 1 confefs, this Vifit was a .perfea Mortification, to fee the fad De¬ cays of Nature in a Woman once fo famous. To hear her Talk, with her Lips ^4 '' ^ Journey to Paris. LipThanging about a Toothlefs Mouth, and not to be able to Command her .Words from flying abroad at Randoni, puts me in mind of the SybiH uttering Oracles. Old Women were eniployed on this Errand, and the Infant-World thought nothing fo Wife, as Decayed Nature, or Nature quite out of Order • and preferred Dreams before reafonable and waking Thoughts. She ftiewed me the Skeletons of two Chameleons^ which fhe had kept near fout years alive : In Winter Ihe lodged them in Cotton ; and in the fiercefl: Weather, flie put them under a Ball of Copper’ full of hot Water. ^ ’ ^ In her Clofet fhe (hewed me an Ori¬ ginal MiÙ 7 itcmn^ her old Friend ,and Acquaintance, which fire affirmed was very like her : and, indeed, fhe was then very beautiful. , The Marquis d’Hopital, one of the Jea-- mme des Sciences, whom I found not at hortie, returned my Vifit very obliging- . ly. I had a longConvcrfation withhim about Philofophy and Learning • and I perceived the VVars had made them al¬ together Strangers to what had been do- mg m England. Nothing was more plea- hng to him, than to hear of Mr. Ifaac Nenions r A Journey to Paris. Newtons Preferment, and that there were hopes, that they might expeâ: fomething more from him, heexpreffed a great defire to have the whole Sett of the Philojophtc TranfaBions brought over , and many other Books, which he named, but had not yet (een. He told me, it was not poflible for them to continue the Month¬ ly Memoirs, as they had done for two \4ars only, becaufe they were but very few in number of that Society, and had very little Correlpondence. Indeed, I did^inquire once of fome of that Body, why they did not take in. more fince there were very many deferving Men in theCity,asl4nftancd mF.PUmiçr: They owned he would be a.n Honour to the Body, but they avoided to make a Pre- fident for the AdmilTion of any Regulars whatfoever. I repaid the Marquis his Vifit : He lives in a fine Houfe, well furnilht^ the Gar¬ den pretty, with neat Trelliage, wrought with Arches and other Ornaments: He exprefled a great Defire to fee England, and Converfe with our Mathe- niaticians, whofe W^orks he coveted a.*- bove all things, and had ordered all to be brought him over. His ^6 Pézrm- A Journey to Paris. His Lady aifo is very well Studied in the Mathematicks, and makes one of the Learned Ladies in ^ark ^ of which num¬ ber arc Mad. Daaer, the Dutchefs of Main^ Mad. Scuderie, Mad. de Vicubonr^, Mad. d’Ejpernon the Daughter, Mad- Prè/ de Ferrand, and others, whcke Names I have forgot. I bought the Works of Pere Pezron, a Benardif/y now Abbot de Charmoj/jê near Rheims. This is a very Learned and very difinterefted Author, and by his free way of Writing has got him Enemies amongft the Regular Clergy. The Books I bought were his Antiquities or Account of Time 5 The Defence of it againji Two Monks t, An Fffay or Commentary upon the Prophets : The Hifory of the Gojpel. • • He is now upon giving us the Origin of Nations, where he will fhew, that Grce;^ and Latin too, came from the Celtique or Bas-breton 5 of which Country he is. He told me he had 800 Greeks Words perfeft Celtique. ^ I fettled a Correfpondence be¬ twixt him and Mr. Ed. Floid 5 which he moft readily granted, and which he faid he had long coveted. Mon- A Journey to Paris. 97 Monfieur Spanheim, now Envoy Ex¬ traordinary from the Duke of Branden- boHrgh dit Paris ^ told me, that the Kirig of Frances Colledion of Medals is far the beft in Europe^ or that ever was made. Having the opportunity of Difcourfing him often, his fick Lady being my Pa¬ tient , I inquired more particularly of him, what he had feen of Palmyra^ of Zembia, Oclenatm, Vabalathfs. He defired a Memoir of me, which I gave him, of what I would have him fearch for in the King’s Cabinet, and promifed me ail the Satisfadion he could give me in that Af¬ fair. I told him I had met with nothing yet, but a fair Bufto in White Marble of Ze- nobia^ in the Cabinet of M. Bouddot ^ which was part of Monf. Thevenot's Col- leftion of Marbles from die Eaji. I was to wait on Monf. Vaillant at his Mondeur Appartment ;n the Arfenai. I found only his Son at home, who very Civilly Entertained me ^ and (hewed me a Book in Quarto of his Father’s of Gw 4 Medals, near Printed off^ but without Cutts. The Title was Nummi Gr£ci Imperatorum 5 he goes down no lower than to Claudius Gethicus* He hath added a large Appen- H dix. Journey to Paris. dix, with References to all the moft Re¬ markable Heads about the Cities and the People. 1 left a Memoir with his Son 5 and in a fécond Vifit, I found the old Gentle¬ man at home, very bufie in his Flower Garden 5 of which 1 fliall fpeak here¬ after. He told me, as to the Memoir I had left, he had never feen any Coins of Oe- dcnatus 5 yet he had very lately parted with one of Ze»obia to the Duke of Maine. As for Vabalathus, he had feen fome of him in Brafs ^ and one he had in Silver, which he very obligingly made me a Prefent of ^ and that this was the only Silver Coin he had ever met with of him. i This is his Reading of it. V A B A L ATHUS. V.G.R.IMP. R. Vices gerens In/perii Rpniani. Les autres y iifent mal. Y C R I M O R. He gave me alfo the Stamps of the Heads of Zenobia and Vabahithus, done from the King’s Medals. See Tab. 2. Thefe were defigned for a fhort Hiftory of all * ' the A Journey to Paris. the Emperors arid EmprelTes, which he has by him written in French^ but not pub- liftit. Nothing could be more Civil and Franc than Âis Gentleman, whom I be¬ lieve to be the beft Medalift in Europe ^ he told me he had made 12 Voyages all over Europe and AJia Miuor on purpofe 5 That he had feen and deferibed the Con¬ tents of more Cabinets, than any Man ever did before him 5 and it is evident by his Works, that he has made good ufc of them. I had a Vifit from Mr. Connwghamy Tutor to my Lord Lorne^ a very Learn¬ ed and Curious Man in Books. I askt him (knowing him to have been lately at Rome') very particularly about the Pa¬ pers of Monfieur d’Azout. He told me, that he fee him not above half a year before he died, and was very intimately acquainted with him, and faw him for a Twelvemonth very often. That he told him, that he had about 80 difficult Paf- fages in Vitruvius^ which he had Com¬ mented and Explained ^ and the Cbrre- ftion of a great number of Errata in the Text. Alfo that upon Julius Frontinus (though that was a much lefs Book) he had much more to fay, than he had upon Vitruvius : What is become of his Papers I could not learn from him,nor any in H 2 Mon- 100 M. TA-be Dr Olli ne. { J A Journey to Paris. ÎVÎonfîeur d’A^out was. very Curiou$ and Underftanding in Architeâure, for which purpofe he was 17 years in Italj by times 5 I do remember when he was in England about 14 years ago, he (hewed me the Defign of feveral of our Build¬ ings drawn by himfelf ^ but of that of the Baf^effietting-Honje at Whitehall., he expref* fed hâmfelf in veiy^ extraordinary Terms, telling me, it was the moft Regular, and moft Finiflit Piece of Modern Workman- (hip he had feen on this fide the Alpes, that he could not enough praife it ; That Inigo Jones, the Archited, had a true re- lilh of what was Noble in that Art. It is time now to leave the Private Houfes, and to Vi fit the Public l{^ Libraries 5 and with them fuch Perfons as are more particularly concerned in the Hiftory of Learning. Monfieur tAbbe JDroulne came to vifit me at my Lodgings. I returned the Vifit the next day at his Appartment in the College de Boncourt. He had 4 or 5 little Rooms well furniflit with Books 5 in the biggeft he had a Colleftion of Catalogues of Books, and of all fuch who had writ the Accounts of Authors above 5000 in all Languages. He told me he had ftudied the Hiftory of Books with the utmoft A Journey to Paris. loi i|l)} utmoft application i8 years, and had «in brought his Memoirs into a good Method 5 y That he had thoughts of Printing the Hi firft Tome this year, which would be of ofii the moft ancient Authors, Greeks and La- apit That he intended to continue them Fern throughout all the fucceeding Ages down r, ai to our times 5 which be faid he had per- im formed in good part. : i|i, He (hewed me the Catalogue of Au- Iln: tliors in 4 very thick Folio's ^ alphabeti- ucji. cally difpofed by Family Names, under fome fuch Title as this : Index alphabeticus fjyjj omnium Scriptorum, cujufcunque facultatis temporis, & lingu liflit a Difcourfe in the PL Tranfditons fome years ago. I fliould have had more fatisfadion in this Kind, had I met with what I ear- neftly fought for, the Ægyptian Tombs, which were a long time in the Garden of Monfieur Valentine at Park ^ but were un¬ luckily fent away to his Houfe at Tours, fiot long before our coming to Park: One of thefe Tombs is faid to be of black Touchftone, to have been brought out of tlie higlier Ægypt, and to be full of Hie- rogliphicks. Of this in particular fôrcAer has written. There is in this Colledion a large Piece of Tin Oar from England, very curious it has on one fide of it a great number of feir and large Opaque Cryftals of Tin, ftiin- ing like poliflit Steel : The plaines of thofe Cryftals I could not eafily reckon, but fore I am, having with care examined all the Stone Cryftals, I could meet with, both precious and more common, and alfo I A Journey to Paris. * î 15 alfo the Cryftals of all Foffil Salts, I ne- ver before obferved that figure in any of tliem, but believe them of a peculiar na¬ ture, ppper to Tin Oar. I call them Cryftals, though Opaque, becaufe angu* lar and of one confiant figure. I was at the Colledge oi (Vermont with Pere Hardouin ^ he (hewed me the Library with great Civility 5 it confifts of two long Galleries 5 The Galleries are well furnifht with Books, having Lights only on one fide, and the Windows are not over large r with Tables under each Light, very comniodioufly placed for Writing and Reading. Alfo certain Clofets for Manufcripts, and others for forbidden Books. In this he (hewed a great Col- ledion of Ja»fem»s’s Original Letters. In the other a Greek Manufcrîpt of the Prophets, of Enfebtus's own Hand Writ¬ ing 3 it was in Capitals, but of a diffe¬ rent Charadfer from any I had feen ^ The Letters very eredt, but fomething thinner, and not fo fquare. Alfo a Vulgar Latin in Capitals, very Ancient. I told him I was well pleafed with his Plinie in uftint Delphini 5 and that it was to the Honour of the French Nation to have laboured more particularly upon that I Au- \ J ^ . 11^ A Journey to Pans. Author ^ Delachampius firft, then Sdmu- jiifs s Exercitationes Plimari£ ^ and.laftly, this his moft Elegant Edition. The Books are well difpofed under Gilt Titles, as Medici in Folio^ and over- pgainft them, where the Windows will permit, the Medici in ^larto 5 in the 0- ther Galley runs a Baluftrade, within which are plac’t the O&avo’ sand Twelves. 'At one end of the upper Gallery is a very large Tableau, an Original of Ni- colo., of the Mall&cer of Agamenon 5 in it there is this commendable, That in fuch a horrid Fury, and fuch variety of Mur¬ ders in half naked Figures, no one inde¬ cent pofture is to be feen. Pere Hardouin feemed to doubt of the Infcription of Palmyra put out by M. Sporn 5 That the Greek, was faulty, and the Syrkc very queftionable. I told him we had had it lately Copied, carefully and truly by one at Rome ^ Which took away his Oo- jeûion of the multiplicity of Letters. Both he and ValHant agreed, that they had never feen any Medal of Odenaitts. He very obligingly anfwered my Memoir about Palmyra., Zenobia, and P^ahalathfs^ with a Tranfcript of all the Coins .he had feen, and ha4 in his poiïèffion 5 which follows. A Journèy to Parisi O^Qmmi Zenobià. CEnTIMIA ZHNOBIA CEB. Çj. Sfes. ejt apud Seguimmy p. 52. Odenati nullum vidi , nijt apud Occonemy nullum Talmyrenum. Vabalathi apud Dom. Foucault ret araria ac judi. ciariæ TrafeBum in Neujlria inferiore. A. K. A. AOM. AtPHAIANoC. CEB. capite lau. reato. Sub ipfum Aureliani mentum Utera L. abfyue anni numero. Çi. AtT. EPMIAC OtABAaAgOC A©H- NOt. capite radiato. Çt. Arr. K. a. a. AtPHaIANOC. CEB. capite laureato. L- Â. Çi. AVT. EPMIAC. OrABAAAeOCi A0H< capite diademate L. A. AVT.K. A. A. AtPHaIANOC CEB. capite lau~ reato. L. B. $ 1 . AVr. EPMIAC. OTABAaAoOC. AqH.* NOt. capite diademate. L. E. IMP. C. AURELI AN VS kNG. capite radiato. VABALATHVS VCRIMPR. alii male VCRIMOR. fic olim interpretatus fum. Vice Caelaris, reSior imperii Romani. IMP. C. VHABALATHVS AVG. capite radiato. Çi. VICTORIA AVG. Victoria gefiat palmam & coronam. i\è Grand Je fuit s. A Journey to Paris. The Library of the Grand Jefuits, near the Gate St. Antoine, is a very fair Gîal- lery of great length and breadth, and well furnifht with Books, on the very top of the Houfe : They find, that Books keep much drier and fweeter there, than in lower Rooms, befides the advantage of a clear Sky-light. P. Daniel is Library Keeper 5 and was very Civil to me ^ he (hewed me a Letter, which he had juft then received from Monf. Huetiifs , the Learned Bifhop of d’Af/r anches near Mont St. Michaels \n Nor¬ mandy • wherein he told him, that ha¬ ving lately received the Catalogues of Books Printed in Holland and England, during the War ^ he found, that Learn¬ ing was much alike at a kind of ftand in Holland and France ^ but, that it had yet life and vigour in England, which he re¬ joiced at. And, indeed, I had had the fame thought from more of the French before. Even the Jefuits themfelves will be little confidered, if Learning fall into negleft and difgrace. Oratory ceafed with the Commonwealth of Rome:, and fo will all forts of Learning without Emulation and Rewards. He A Journey to Paris. 117 He Ihewed nis P. de la. Chaifes Cabinet of Medals. Alfo a Vejial of Copper found at Dee in the Country of le Forefi. Alfo a very intire Loaf or Roma» 10 ^ Pound weight of Red Copper, on which ; was infcribed Deæ. Sec. P. X. Alfo a fquare Stone Urn, or fmall I Tomb, well Carved, and Infcribed. IE [(I D. M. fe S V L P I C I O b SI KOTO. ADESTE k œ S V P E R I. ml' I faw the Qiiire of the Abbey oiI’Mait d$ b and the Altar near the lower end of it ; in v/hich Pofition alfo I re- , member to have feen' an Altar in the , Quire of St. John's Church at Lions ^ J Iwth plain Tables. Monf. I'Abbe ck Vil- 'r Hers, who has an Apartment in the Con- j, vent, a Learned Man, went with me, and to the Library alfo ^ which is two ' large Galleries well furniftit ; at the end ' of one of them is a large Clofet of Ma- npforipts 5 alfo another Amioir in the ^ great Library, where the moft ancient I 5 Ma^ O i i s A Journey to Vans, Manufcripts are kept, yet with more care. In this I faw the P falter, it is believed, of St, Germain, who lived in the éth Century, it is certainly very an¬ cient ^ being a large Quarto of fine purple Velom, and on it are writ the P faims in large Capital Letters, with Comma s or Points. The Letters feem to have been of Silver ^ and the «great Initial Capitals of Gold. They fhewed alfo a Pfalter in the fliort Notes of Tyro, Tullius s Libertus 5 with a Difcourfe concerning the ufe of fuch Short Hand in the beginning of the Ma* nufcript z, it was writ very fair on Ve- lom, with red Ink, as 1 remember. The Codicils or Waxen Table Books of the Ancients 5 which were thin Ce^ dar Boards about 14 inches long, and 5 broad, 6 or 8 of them glued together by Shreds of Parchmen ^ The Rims were a little raifed, with a flat and broad Bor¬ der, the better to preferve the black Wax, which was fpread over them. I faw more of thefe afterwards in the Kings Library ^ and by the Letter it is manifeft, they were in ufe much later, than I could have imagined. This here was in Latin, and I could read here and there a Word, for the ground was much torn up, as Pro duo^us Talcombus:, &c. The Style or Steel A Joîirney to Paris. i ip Pen had cut through in many places ^ fo that with a good Eye-glafs I could fee the board bare. 1 take this paft to be no¬ thing elfe, but what the Etchers inCopper ufe at this day to cover their Plates with, to defend from the Aqua-fortis ^ which is a Compofition of Bitumen and Bees Wax. Here alfo I faw a Manufcript of 3 or 4 Leaves written upon true Ægyptian Paper, in which with an Eye-glafs ’twas eafie to difcern, how the flags were dif- pofed, length-ways and a-crofs, one o- ver ’ another. The Letters which re¬ mained, which were but few, were large and fair fquare Capitals. This Fragment I take to be the moft ancient Writing they have. I Vifited in this Convent, at his Cham- p. MdiU her, Eere MabiUon, who has fo well de- ferved of the Commonwealth of Learn¬ ing by his Writings, and particularly that Excellent Book De re DiplomatîcÀ ^ he feemed to me to be a very gOod Na- tured and Free-hearted Man ^ and was very well pleafed to hear, that our Ca¬ talogue of EngliJId Manufcripts was fo forward in the Prels at Oxford. He thankfully owned the favour of the Cot¬ ton Library ^ and was very forry to hear of Dr. Bernard’s Death, of whom he I 4 fpoke ,20 A Journey to Paris, fpoke very kindly 5 but he exprelïèd a wonderfdl Efteem for Dr. Gale, the Dean of Tork. In another Converfation I had with P. Mabillon, (for he was my Neighbour, and I was often with him) telling him the Account we had brought us of Vdmyra, and the TraBis that were writ of it, and that more was intended to be pub- liftit about it, he was much concerned, that thofe Accounts, which were purç Matters of Learning in general, were written in EngUfl} ^ and he told me, he was afraid it might be with us, as it was with them, fince they cultivated their own Language fo much, they began to negled the ancient Tongues, the and Latin. He (hewed pie certain Figures not ill taken with Red Chalk, of fome very an¬ cient Menu merits obferved by fome of the Fathers of their Order ^ one of which was prefent in the Chamber, upon the Mountain of Framond near Salme, which lies in the middle of th^t Trad of the Mountain, called La Fauge, betwixt Al- face and Lorraine. Tliere were great Re- inains of an ancient City. Thefe Fi¬ gures which the Fathers (hewed me, were about 12 in all ^ but 5 or 6 of them were pf Merçitrj 5 a Ccck at his Foot 5 a Chla- piys A Journey to Paris. 1 2 1 knotted upon the Right Shoulder, hanging at his Back 5 his Hair laid in curies about his Face, and tied with a Ribban, whofe two ends might be feen on the top of his Head, like Horns ^ a Caduceus in his Hand, which was very differently reprefented in all the Figures of him i fometimes held up, othertimes the point refting at his Feet ^ fometimes the Snakes were twifted about a Stick ; and again in others without one, or the Defigner had taken no notice of it 5 fome" times the Tail of the Serpents fpread and flying about, and again in others clofe twifted with many braids 5 a Girdle came round the bottom of his Belly, and which had in the middle of it two Rings, one faftned to the other, and hanging be¬ twixt his Legs. Thefe many Statues of Mercury in a Icrench Country are a con¬ firmation of what Cisfar fays of the Reli¬ gion of the Gaules, in his 6th Book, Deum maxime Mercurium colunt : hujus Junt pluri~ ma fimulacra, <&c. There were forne few 'Roman Letters on forne of them, which were fo imperfect that I could make nothing of them. The Library of St. Genevieue is a very Library of large and fair Gallery, upon the very top of the Houfe, well ftored with Books on ^ ' both both fides up to the top, and kept in Cafes wired with Brafs ^ which is a good fecu- rity, and hinders not the Books from be- ingfeen. Alfo it is adorned with fair Bujlds of the ancient Men of Learning. The Mufeum is a little Clofet on the fide of this Gallery 5 of which there is a Book lately publifht : I faw in it very little of Natural Hiftory, that was re¬ markable. They keep half a dozen Joints of a large Corm which they fliew as a rarity. But it is well ftored with ancient Idols^ and Sacrificing Vejfels^ Lacrjmatoirs^ Paierai^ Strigils ^ alfb an¬ cient Weights and Meajitres ^ Coins, and particularly the As, and its firft and latter Divifions. There we faw an ancient As, with Etrufcan Letters of a kind of red Copper ■ The Letters feem to be a-kin to the old Gree^ Charafters. Thefe are the Capital Letters about the Coin going round, and bringing every Letter before you. See Table I. Figure 2. As mtafi Ms 5 This is very reafonable, for before the Greeks had invented double Letters, the Romans were skilled in their Vitruvius -f tells usÆr//^<7was e. 2. Ed. ' in the Hetmfcan Tongue called Fruca 5 Barbari. Wlicnce Undoubtedly by Tranflation the com- A Journey to 123 common Caterpillar had its Name, from its blnenefs ^ which alfo is an evidence, that the Tufcdn Writing was in the old ijreek. Charafter. But nothing pleafed me more than to have feen the Remains of the Cabinet!^ the Noble Pierefc. the greateftand heartiell Mæcen^ to his power of Learned Men ot any of 11 -r. r Amongft the firft and very old Brafs Roman Coins there was a Sextans with a Caduceus of Mercury on one fide, and a Scal/op Shell on the other‘s probably, be- eaufe they might have at firft had the ufe of SheU Money, as fome parts of both the Indies and Africa have at this day, till Mercury, whofe Emblem that Staft is, taught them the ufe of Metallic Money. KKo in this Cabinet are Wet Mea- fures, as the Ancient Congius, of winch they have an old one, and an exact Co¬ py OÎ that of the Ca^ol ^ alfo a Senarius, and a ^tartarim. Now the Congius con¬ taining 120 Ounces ^ The Sextarius 20 Ounces ^ The Hemina 10 Ounces ^ The Quartarius 5 Ounces, I doubt not but the Cyathus, by reafon of the aforefaid Diyily on, held two Ounces and an half 5 which is the Meafiire fo frequently to be met with in old Phyfic Authors, and of fo great concern in Dofcs. In 124 A Journey to Paris. In that Hetrufcan As before-mentioned one Cap coifs or covers the double head of Jams, I faw an ancient Statue of Mercurj, in the Garden belonging to the Kings Library in Park, where Mercury has upon his Head a long Cap doubled or laid double upon his Head, as though there were fome affinity betwixt thofe two Inventors of Trade, Arts and Learning. Here alfo we faw the Steel Dyes of the ^^ffBmhers, bv which they ftampt and falhfied the beft ancient Medals fo well that they are not to be diftinguifht but by putting them into thofe Molds • which makes them very valuable, there’ being a loo and more of them, and are pnied at loooo Crowns. They Stampt upon old Medals, whereby the Cheat was the pater ^ for by this means they were of the ancient Mettal, had the green Coat and the fame ragged Edges. I faw a Pifture here of about 6 inches oyj, finely painted in Mofaic, the very little fquares were fcarce vifible to the naked Eve, but the whole appeared like the fineft Hatchings in Stales yet by the application of a good Eye-^afs I could readily diftinguilhAe fquare? of ’all of '"i W^ip^es. This fort Hçre 125 A Journey to Paris. Here was alfo the Leg of a Mtmmi well preferv'd, the Toes only bare, black and ftiining as Pitch : The Bandage was very curious and was difpofed in Oblique Circles, Decuflated ^ but the Filiating very narrow. I told the Father, that this was ftill Flefti 5 and that Mummie therefore ; in 1 ^»/Ve-Treacle did break Lent, if given at that time ^ He anfwered, he did not I believe it : I told him how he fhould be cojWinced, viz,. If that Leg was kept a gàod wiiile in a damp Cellar, it would yield ,ahd ftink like very Carrion, tho' ^ it Was at leaft 3000 years old ^ which ^ thing happened to one in London, fo carelefly laid by. “ There was one thing very curious, and that was an Ancient Writing Injirument of thick and ftrong Silver-Wire, wound up ^ like a hollow Bottom or Screw 5 with both the Ends pointing one way, and at , a diftance 5 fo that a Man might eafily ® put liisFore-Fingerbetwixt thetwo Points, 5 and the Screw fills the Ball of his Hand. “ One of the Points was the Point of a ® Bodkin, which was to W'rite on Waxed ^ Tables : The other Point was made very i Artificially, like the Head and Upper- ^ Beak of a Cock, and the Point divided ’I' in two, juft like onr Steel-Pens 5 from ’ ^ whence undoubtedly the Moderns had their s j2é A Journey to Paris. their Patterns 5 which are now made al- ib of fine Silver and Gold, or Princes Mettal ^ all which yet want a Spring, and are therefore not lb ufeful as of Steel, or a Quill : But a Quill foon fpoils 5 Steel is undoubtedly the beft, and if you ufe China Ink, the moft laftingof all Inks, it never rufts the Pen, but rather pre- ferves it witli a kind of Varnifli which dries upon it, though you take no care in wiping it. M Colberts ^ Library of the late Monfieur Library. Colbert^ that great Patron of Learning. The Gallery wherein the Printed Books are kept, is a Ground-Rootp, with Win¬ dows on one fide only, a-long a fine Gar¬ den. It is the neateft Library in 'Parky very large, and exceedingly well furnifht. At the upper-end is a fair Room, where¬ in the Papers of State are kept 5 particu¬ larly thofe of the Adminiftrationof Car¬ dinal Mazarincy and his own Accounts when he was in Employment : Thefe make up many hundred Folio’s, finely Bound in Red Maroquin and Gilt. The Manufcript Library is abovc- ft^irs, in three Rooms, and is the choiceft , of that kind in Paris : It contains ééro Volumes. The Catalogue of them Mon¬ fieur A Journey to Paris. i fieur Balnre (hewed me 5 which he faid was defigned fliortly for the Prefs. He (hewed me many rare Books, Caro¬ lus Calvus s Bible, a va(t Folio in Vellum, and his Prayer Book or Hours, all writ in Gold Letters. Alfo the Mijfa Beati Rhenani, whereof 1 all the Copies were burnt but four. The « Original Deed of the Agreement of the a Greek and Roman Church at Florence. The Regalia agreed upon at Lyons^ and many others which I have forgot, fe I faw neither Greek nor Latin Manu- iti fcript but what had the Marks of the M Goths upon them : that is, the Letters i maimed, and confequently not very An- fi cient. Pi He (hewed us Servktds Book,for which i he was Burnt at Geneva 5 which coft Mon- à fieur Colkrt at an Auftion in England, 25 lii Crowns. The Title is. De Trinitatis Er- i't roribus Libri 7. per Michaelam Servet 0 alias K Reves ab Ar agonia Hijpanum I 53 ^* ^ Ik lorgot the particular place where the b Circulation of the Blood through the Lungs is mentioned : but he told me very Civilly, I (hould have it Tranfcribed at Ixf any time. lib We told him, we came to fee him as ^ well as the Library : He replied, It was i his hap to have more Reputation than u Merit. i 128 A Journey to Merit. He was a little old Man , but very chearful and of a quick Wit. He complained much of the Refufal of the Emperor’s People concerning the Manufcripts of Vkma^ in order to the publication of the CapitHlairei : For he faid, Letters were never at War : That for his part he had moft willingly given leave for at lead: Twenty four Manu¬ fcripts to be Collated for Dr. Mill's Edi¬ tion of the Teftament. Library of The Library of the Sorbonm is a very the S3C- long and large Gallery, realbnable well bonne, Catalogue Priii- ted. Amongft the Manufcripts, they ihew, Titus Livy in French, upon Vellum, in a very large Folio, Bound in two Books : The firft is almoft throughout Illuminated with very fine Miniatures. The Book iS Dedicated to KingJ^ohu, hyPelon. Bercho- riiis : And in the Title Page is a very cu¬ rious Defign of that King receiving the Prefent from the Author ot the Tranfla- tion. Amongft the Illuminations and Orna¬ mental Piftnres in the Margent, I could not but take notice of a Brafe Cannon fired, well Painted, with two large Arms of Gudgeons, one on each fide near the Touch- A Journey to Paris. 129 Touch-hole ^ which Evinces Cannon to have been in ufe at that time. This Manufcript confirms the lofs of Titus Livy, and that it was deficient in ; that Age, as to what is now wanting, \ there being nothing more in this than \ what is in the Printed Copy. This was t the Gift of Cardinal Rkhlieu to the Li- 11 brary 5 who in a manner Rebuilt the K whole College, and Beautified it as it is. His Tomb is in the middle of the Quire, before the great Altar, in White Marble^ gr and is for plainnefs and exquifite Perfor- uçl mance, the beft thing of that kind I ever % faw. lu 1 fee the Library of St. Vl&or : This Library jj moft Antient Convent is the beft feated L of any in Paris 5 has very large Gardens, •g with fhady Walks, well kept. The Li- brary is a fair and large Gallery : It is n, open three days a week, and has a range j of double Desks quite through the mid- \ die of it, with Seats and Conveniencies f’i of Writing for 40 or 50 People. The Catalogue was not finilht, nor in- . tended to be Printed ; which yet I think . is always neceflkry in all Corporations, f for check of lofs of Books, for the ufe of Strangers, for Benefactions. ïà » K In 130 T. • A Journey to Pans. In a part of it, at the upper end, are kept the Manufcripts ^ they are faidtobe 5000 ^ which though not very Ancient, have yet been found very ufeiul for the moft correft Editions of many Authors. This is one of the pleafanteft Rooms that can be feen, for the Beauty of its Pro- fpeft, and the Quiet and Freedom from Noife in the middle of fo great a City. In this Convent is very prettily lodged, in an outward Court, Monfieur another Phyfitian of that Name. In his Apartment, he hath a large and excellent Colleftion of Phyfick Books and Natural Hiftory. He Saluted me with the greateft Kindnefs imaginable; and at firft word, ask’d me. If there was any more of Sir Franck Wil/otighh/s Works Printed be* fides his Hiftory of Fifties, and that other of Birds ; both which he had. He had in another Room a well ftored Mufaeum of Natural Hiftory, of all forts, and of comparative Anatomies : A Cabinet of Shells, another of Seeds, among which were ibme from China: Variety of Ske¬ letons, dv. cdfim. j Cclejiins, The Library is an Upper-Gallery, very pleafant, and plen¬ tifully furnifht with Bcxiks. This is a veiy L' A Jaurney to Vms. 131 very fine Convent ^ with the nobleft Dor- foire, having open Galleries round: alfo, very large Gardens, with Alleys and fhady Groves ^ and divers Kitchin-Gajrdens,weil Cultivated. Alfo a Vineyard of White- Wine Grapes, well kept ^ which is the only thing of tliat Kind within . the I Walls of Paris. Here I alfo law the Clofet or Cell of I P. Hochcrcait ^ who had a very choice I Colleftion of Original Paintings, of very ,1 many of the beft Mafters : Arnongft the reft, I took notice of the Originals of ^ Rambrant, excellent Pieces, St. Peter and g the Cock,: The Nativity of our Saviour .* And, H T/jc Majfacre of the hmeents. His Co- jj louring is not to be imitated : hislnven- j| tion great and natural, and the Defign (1^ moft correift. ï I was to Vifit Pere Mallebranche of the ( Fathers of the Oratory : They live very J;,, neatly together in a kind of Commu- p Maiie. \ nity, blit under no Rule: He was“ r» very handfomely lodged, in a Room " well f^urnilht : He is a very tall, lean man, of a ready Wit and claearful Con- verfation. if • K 2 (tf After 1^2 A Journey to Paris. After an hours difcourfe, he carried me into the Puhlick Li^^y of the Houfe : A fair Gallery well lighted, and well fur- niQit with Books ^ with an Apartment at the upper end for Manufcripts, where were many Greek and Hebrew. Amongft the.reft, the Library-Keeper (hewed us the Smtaritan PeMtateuch, of which Morin made ufe. It feemed to me to be much later than that of Sir John Cottons Libra¬ ry with us, becaufe it was of a much fmaller Letter, and more broken in the Writing, which was all I am capable to judge by. They were bufie in Reforming the Difpofttion of the Library^ and making a good Catalogue, according to the Me¬ thod of the late Archbiftiop of Rheim-^ and which 1 liked well of, they had drawn out fome Hundreds of Books, and expofed them in the middle of the Li¬ brary, upon a long Table, for Sale, as being Duplicates^ and from the Sale of them to fnrniih themfelves with what they wanted. The Books which were written by .Protcftants, I obferved, they were lockt up in Wired Cafes, not to be come at without particular leave. The A Journey to Paris. i j The Freedom and Nature of this Order puts me in mind of what I heard of a certain rich and learned Man, Monfieur of the Law ^ who put himfelf at length into Religion, as they fay, amongR the Fathers ; but firft perfuaded his Cook to do fo too ^ for he was refolved not to quit his good Soupes, and fuch Difhes as he liked, whatever became of his Penance and’ Retirement. This Compliment the Elegant and Learned Monfieur Peletier, in Monfieur Colbert's place, Controller Gene¬ ral of the Pittances^ made his Guefts at his Country Houfe near Choify , having voluntarily quitted all his Imployments at Court: He faid, HerefervedhisCook,, tho’ he retrenchfthe reft of his Retinue ^ they might therefore expedf a flender Phi- lofophers Dinner, tho’ well dreft. It is wonderful to confider how moft of the reft of the Orders ahuje^ themfelves for God’s Sake, as they call it. Hunger and 111 -Diet not only deftroys a Man’s Health , but Maugre all his Devotion , puts him out of Humour, and makes him Repine and Envy the reft of Man¬ kind^ and well if it do not make him alfo Curfe in his Heart his Maker ^ Job is not every Man’s Roll to Aft. The Original and Rife of Natural Philofophy K 3 and *34 Journey to Pâfls. and Phyfick was to Invent a more whol- fome and better Food, than the Beafts have, and to Eat Brea'd and Flefti inftead of Herbs and <^rn ^ to Drink Wine in¬ ftead of Water, 3 thofe, and a thoufand ether things we're theBleffingsof Phyfick, and ftill the good management of thefe things, both in Health and Sicknefs, are under the Direâiions of the Phyfitians. Now for a fort of MeUnchoUy and WiUfà Men, to renounce thefe Comforts, and deftroy their Healths, and all this upon a pretended Principle of Religion andDe- vo^n, feems to me, I confefs, great In¬ gratitude to God the Author of it. Indeed, I heartily pitied jp. P. an in- duftrious honeft Man, after his return from the Indies, who was nothing but Skin and Bone 3 and yet by the Rules of his Order he could not Eat any thing that was wholfome and proper for his Cure 3 nothing but a little flimy liafty l ifh and Herbs : And tho’ he took, as he told me, Hypocochoana five times, it had no effe^ upon him. Tis true, I never heard him complain 3 But what will not blind prejudice do againft all the Reafon of Mankind. I 135 A Journey to Paris, I know fome of thefe Men have been ufeful to Mankind by their Studies •> but the very fame men would have been much more, had they ftaid with their Neighbours, and Taught the World by their Converfation and Example ; ^^' 7 dom, and Juftice, and Innocence, and Temperance, which they highly pretend to, are not things to be hid but to be brought forth to Inftruft and Adorn the Age we live in : To abandon the World, and, all the Conveniencies of Life and Health, is (let them fay what they plc^fe) the height of Chagrin, and There were fome other Publick Libra¬ ries I faw, as that of the Grands Angu- flins^Cornge Mazarin, Colledge Navarre, and great many more 1 did^ not fee for want^of an opportunity^ but there is nothing particular I remember about ‘’'riiere is fuch a psffiot. of fetting up for Libraries,that Books are come to molt unreafonable Rates. 1 paid to Anifon ^6 Livres for Ni^o- Uifs r 20 Livres for the Two fmall (Quar¬ to’s of the Memoirs of the AcadcMtc de Sciences, that is, as 1 may lay, tor two years Philofophick Trantaaions ; fm they began thofe Montlrly Memoirs m K- 4* 1^6 A Journey to Paris. imitation of ours, out of the Regifters of the Academy, but did no't think fit to continue them alx)ve two years. As to Stamps I had a mind to have bought a compleat Set of MeUm, that in¬ comparable Mafter ; but I was askt 200 Livres, and 12 excepted, which might amount to as much more 5 for fome of his Cravings in O&avo done at Rome^ they askt me a Piftol a-piece ; and for the Head of Jujlimams a Louis ; which yet is his Mafter-piece. I was at an Auction of Books in the Rué St. Jaques, where were about 40 or 50 People, moft Abbots and Mônks. The Books were fold with a great deal of trifling and delay as with us, and very dear 5 for Hijpama iUuJirata And. Sciottt, of the FraMcfort Edition, from 20 Livres, at which it was fet, they bid up by little and little to 56 Livres 5 at which it was fold. The next was a Catalogue of French Bool{s in a thin Fol.-in an old Parchment Cover by F)e la Croix de M.aine, 8 Livres. And fo I left them to Ihift it amongft themfelves. After having faid fo much of the Pub¬ lic^ Libraries, 1 cannot but congratulate their happinefs, to have them fo well fe- cured from lire ^ it being one of the Perfeârioris of this City to be fo bui|t and furhifhtj A Journey to. Paris. i 37 furm{ht,.as not to have fufferedhyit thefe many Ages ^ and, indeed, I cannot lee how Malice it Telf could deftroy them, for the Houfes here are all built of Stone, Walls, Floors, Staircafes and all, fome few Rooms excepted ^ no Wainfcot ^ Woollen or- Silk Hangings, which can¬ not be fired without giving notice by the intolerable ftench, and the fupply of much Fuel. ’Tis well for us in Lmdon, that there are very few publick Libraries, and thofe fmall and inconfiderable, and that the great number of Books are di- flributed into a thouland hands, (no Oountry in Europe can compare to us for private Libraries) for if they were toge¬ ther in fuch vaft quantities as in Paris, Learning would run the hazard of daily fuffering. Here with us, me-thinks, every Man that goes to Bed, when a- fleep, lies like a dead Poman upon a Fu¬ neral Pile, dreading fi^ie unexpeded Apo- theofis i for all is combuftible about him, and the Paint of the Deal Boards may ' ferve for Incenfe, the quicker to bum > him to Afties. In the next place I will Account tor what I law, that feenied to me. Angular and new in the Improvement of Arts, or wanting in bur Country, Î A Journey to Paris. of* ours, out of tfic Rcffiftcrs of the Academy, but did no't think fit to continue them above two years. As to Stamps, I had a mind to have bought a compleat Set of Melam, that in¬ comparable Mafter ^ but I was askt 200 Livres, and 12 excepted, which might amount to as much more 5 for fome of his Cravings in O^avo done at Rome, they askt me a Piftol a-piece ; and for ^ ^ C4.xX\.L JLV-fi the Head of JuJiimams a Louis x which yet is his Mafter-^piece. I was at an Auârion of Books in the Raé St. Jaques, where were about 40 or 50 People, moft Abbots and M6nks. The Books were fold with a great deal of trifling and delay as with us, and very dear 5 for Hifpama illujirata And. Sciotti, of the Francfort Edition, from 20 Livres, at which it was fet, they bid up by little’ nnrf -XT'_^ -f • ^ ^ -7 J XlvLlW ru Livres; at which it was fold. ^ The next was a Catalogue of French Boohs in a thin pol.-in an old Parchment Cover by De la Croix de Maine, 8 Livres. And fo I left them to fliift it amonefl: themfelves, ^ /• having faid fo mucli of the Puh- Lwn?r/Vj-, 1 cannot but congratulate tlieir happinefs, to have them fo well fe- being one of the Perfedions of this City to be fo buijt and furhifht^ A Journey to. Paris. furnKht, as not to have fufFered by it thefe many Ages ^ and, indeed, I cannot fee how Malice it felf could deftroy them, for the Houfes here are all built of Stone, Walls, Floors, Staircafes and all, fome few Rooms excepted 5 no Wainlcot 5 Woollen or Silk Hangings, which can¬ not be fired without giving notice by the intolerable ftench, and the fupply of much Fuel. ’Tis well for us in- London, that there are very few publick Libraries, and thofe fmall and inconfiderable, and that the great number of Books are di- ftributed into a thoufand hands, (no Country in Europe can compare to us for private Libraries) for if they were toge¬ ther in fuch vaft quantities as in Park, Learning would run the hazard of daily fuffering. Here with us, me-thinks, every Man that goes to Bed, when a- fleep, lies like a dead Roman upon a Fu¬ neral Pile, dreading fdhie unexpeded Apo- theofis for all is combuftjble about him, and the Paint of the Deal Boards may ferve for Incenfe, the quicker to bum him to Afties. In the next place I will Account for what I law, that feemed to me.fingulai and new in the Improvement of Arts, or wanting in our Country. 137 I 138 'A Journey to Paris. Pott^uoî I faw the 'Potterie of St. Clou, with which I was marvelloufly well pleafed, for I confefs I could not diftinguifti be¬ twixt the Pots made there, and the finefl: Cfnm Ware I ever faw. It will, I know, be eafily granted me, that the Paintings may be better defigned and finiffit, (as indeed it was ) becaufe our Men are far better Mafters in that Art, than the CU- nefes 5 but the Glazing came not in tlie leaft behind theirs, not for whitenefs, nor the fmoothnefs of running without t BubleS 5 again, the inward Subfance and Matter of the Pots was, to me, the very lame, hard and firm as Marble, and the felf fame grain, on this jide vitrifkaiion. Farther, the Tranjparency of the Pots the very fame. I fee them alfo in the Mold, undried, and , before the Painting and Glazing was applied, they were as white as Chalk, and melted upon the Tongue like raw To¬ bacco Pipe Clay, and felt betwixt the Teeth loft like that, and very little grit¬ ty 5 lb that I doubt not, but they are made of that very Clay. As to the Temper of the Clay, the Man freely owned to me, it was 3 or 4 times well beaten and wet, before it was put to work on the Wheel 5 but I believe it A Journey to Paris. i it muft firft be melted in fair Water, and carefully drawn off, that the heavieftpart may firft fink 5 which alfo may be proper for Courfer Works. That it required two, and fometimes q or 4 Fires to bake it, to that height we faw it in the moft finilht Pots : Nay, fome of them had had 11 Fires. I did not expeâ: to have found it in this perfedion, but imagined this might have arrived at the Qotnron Ware \ which is, indeed, little elfe, but a total Vitrifi¬ cation ; but I found it farotherwife, and very furprifing, and which I account part of the felicity of the Age to equal, if not furpafs the Chinefes in their fineft Art. As for the Red Ware of China^ that has been, and is done in England^ to a far greater perfection than in China^ we ha¬ ving as good Materials, viz. the Sop He¬ matites, and far better Artifts in Pottery. But in this particular we are beholding to two Dutchmen Brothers, who wrought in Staffordjhire, (as 1 have been told) and were not long fince at Hammerfmith. They fold théfeJ?ots at St, Clou at ex- ceffive Rates 5 and for their ordinary Cho¬ colate Cups askt Crowns a-piece. They had arrived at the Burning on Gold in neat Chequer Works. He had fome Fur¬ nitures of Tea Tables at 400 Livres a There * 4 ® ^ Journçy to Paris. Molding or Model of Chma Ware, which they had not imitat¬ ed 5 and had added many Fancies of their own, which had their good effefts and appeared very beautiful. Monf. Morin in Converfation told me that they kept their Sand as a Secret to themfelvs5 but this could not be for o. ther purpofes than Colouring; Alfo he faid they ufed Salt of Kelp in the Com- pofition, and made a thing notunlike wrought up with White Cky 5 neither could this be, for 1 did not tafte it in the Raw Pots. The Ingenuous Maftertold me, he had been 25 years about the Experiment, but had not attained it fully, till within this 3 years. The GUfs-honfe out of the Gate of Antoine well deferves feeing ; but I did lament the Fondery was ifo longer there, but removed to Cherborne in Nor- niMdy for cheapnefs of Fuel. ’Tis cer- tamly a moft confiderable addition to ^ here one Lookmg-glafs foiled and finiflit, 88 inches ong, and 48 inches broad ^ and yet but one quarter of an inch thick. This I think, œuld never be eflPe6ted by the Blaft of any Man 5 but I fuppofe^to be run Qlafferie. A Journey to Paris. i Tun or caft upon Sand, as Lead is 5 which • yet, I confefs, the toughnefs of Gîafs Mcttal makes very much againft. There they are polifiied; which Im- ploys daily 660 Men, and they hope in a little time to employ a 1000 in feveral Galleries. In the lower they grind the courfe Glafs with a Sand Stone, the very fame they Pave the Streets in Park 5 of which broken they have great heaps in the Courts of the Work-houfes : This Stone is beat to Powder, and lifted through a fine Tamis. In the Upper Gdllery, where they polifu and give the laft Hand, they work in 3 Rowes, and 2 Men at a Plate, with Ruddle or Powdered Haematites in Water. The GlalTes are fet faft in White Puttie, upon flat Tables of Stone, fawed thin for that purpofe. The grinding the Edges and Borders is very txoublefome, and odious for the horrid grating noife it makes, and which cannot be endured to one that is not ufed to it 5 and yet by long cuftom thefe Fellows arefo eane with it, that they Difcourfe together as nothing were. This is done below, and out of the way of the reft. ’Tis ve^'diverting to fee the joint La- . hour of fo many Men upon one Subjed. This has made Glafs for Coaches very cheap 142 Artificial Pearl. A Journey to Paris. cheap aiid common ^ fo that even many of the Fiacres or Hackneys, and all the Remifes have one large Glafs before. » Amongft the Bioux made at Paris, a great quantity of Artificial Pearl is to be had, of divers forts ^ but the beft are thofe which are made with Scales of Bleak^s. Thefe Bleaks they fifh in the River Seine at Paris, and fell them to the Pearl-makers for that purpofe. Monf. Favi, at the Peark d’Angkterre, told me, that he paid for the Fifh only of the little River Tier of Ville Neuve St. George, 4 Leagues off of Paris, by the year no Piftols. This Fifh in French is called De la Bellette : Sometimes in Win¬ ter he has had 30 Hampers of the Fifh brought him, for the Scales only which he ufes in Pearl-making. He fells fome Strings for a Piftol 5 and they have for¬ merly been fold much dearer. This fort is very neat and lafting. Enquiring of a Goldfmith, a great Dealer in Pearl, about tliofe which were made of the Scales oÇ Fifties, he told me, that it was fo 5 That the Scales were beat to Powder, and that made into a Liquid Part with Icing-glafs, and caft into the hollow Glafs Beads, and fo gave the co¬ lour by way of foil from the inftde. I A Joürney to Paris. 143 ! I askt him, if he had any Frefti Wa- * ter and Mufcle Pearl ^ and he forthwith ihewed me one of 23 Grains, of a blufti colour or faint Cornation, perfedly glo- 1 bular ^ he told me, he valued it at 400 /. ^ for that it would mix or match better ü with the Oriental Sea Pearly than the i bluifli ones. Further, he afliired me he lï had ieen Pearl of 60 odd Grains of Frefli ^ Water Mufcles ^ and fome Pear falhion- ed. That in Lcrram^ and at Sedan^ they R, fiftit many Pearls in the Rivers there¬ in al^ut. * K The formerly fo famous a Workhoufe, The cth-] is the Goblins, is miferably fallen to decay 5 ij- perhaps, becaufe the King having fur- il nilht all his Palaces, has little more to do à for them. w Here I faw the making Marble Tables^ f- inlaid with all forts of coloured Stones, rt Alfo the Atteliers or Work-houfes of Two of the famous Sculptures ^ in 31 which was a Lacoon Copied in VVhite tt Marble admirably 5 alfo that other of ; ^loifivox, in which was, amongft other It rare Pieces, Ca^or & Pollux, in White id Marble, exceeding beautiful and large 5 le a Copy alfo after the Antique* S' At 144 A Journey to Paris. At Hubtns the Eye-mal{er, I (aw Drawers full of ail forts of Eyes, admirable for the çotitrivance, to match with great ex- aftnefs any Iris whatfoever ; This beinw a cafe, where mif-matching is intolerable. He himfelf .alfo formerly wrought in falfe Pearl, and afErmed, that tlieGlafs Pearls were painted within with a Parte made of the Scales of thb Bleaks only • which he.faid was a good Trade here to the Fifliermen, who fold the Scajes for fo much the Ounce. Thele Necklaces were formerly fold at great Prices, 2 or 3 Pi- doles a-piece. ^ i* ?htre. I faw the Plafrerie or Plajier ^tarries near Montmartre, and the manner of burn¬ ing of it. ’Tis burnt with open Fire, fet up ^ainft it 5 The hardeft Stone is biyrnt enough in 2 or 3 hours time. The top Band or Bed is very hard like a Free-ftone, they dirtinguifli the Beds by feveral Names, /. e. i. Mutton, 2. Lane, Bujter, 4. Clikar, 5. Xjrosltan, 6 . Pillter twir, That wliich they caU Lane is like Talke or Sek?tites tranfparent, and fplitsin thin flakes 5 but there is but little of it, and the Beds are fmal 4 This feems to be but a Fluor to die greater Beds of grey Stone. This A Journey to Paris. 145 This Rock is covered with a kind of gray Sand to a great depth ^ which is not of k the nature of Plafter. itt' Though this Plafter burnt is never ufed nj: (that I could learn) to fertilize either Corn t Ground, or Pafture, as our Limeftone is 5 yet I fee no realbn, why it may not, it being full of Nitre, if it has lain long in k damp Caves. è This is not peculiar to Paris only ^ for îü I have feen Quarries of it near Clifford- ri: Moore in Tork^Jhire 5 where it is call’d «j HaU-Plajier. R. I cannot omit the Mill-jîones^ which Min.ymes' they grind their Wheat with at Paris, as w upon the River of the Gobelins out of the f Gate St. Bernard, where it falls into the fe Seine, and all throughout Picardji down m to Calais, where I have feen great num¬ bers of them. te Thefe Mill-ftones are very ufeful, and ■fj fo fweet, that not the leaft grit is ever (f, found in their Bread ; They are moftly 'a made up of pieces, a, 3, or more fet to¬ gether by a cement, and hooped round e with Iron to keep the pieces fafter toge- j ther : They are made of a kind of Honey- J comb Stone, wrought by the petrification I of Water, or StalaBites. The very felf- fame Stone I have feen Rocks of on the L River i ^6 A Journey to Paris. River Banks 2itKnarsborough, at the Drop- ping Well in TorkgjJjire : therefore I ad- vife my Countreymen to put thefé ex¬ cellent Stones in practice ^ for certainly no place ftands in more need of it 5 for the Bread in the North of England is into¬ lerably gritty, by reafon of thofe. Sand or Moore Stdnes, with which they grind rheir Corn. Tliefe Stones are fold at 500 Livres a pair 5 whence they come I forgot to be informed. In the next place we will fee how the Varijians Eat, Drink, and Divert them- felves. Oj the Food of the Parifians. Brind. The Diet of the Parijians confifts chief¬ ly of Bread and Herh\t is here, as with us, finer and courfer. Butthecom- mon Bread, or Pain de Gonejjfè^ which is brought twice a week into Paris from a yillage fo called, is purely white, and firm and light, and made altogether with Leaven • moftlyin 9 PoundLoaves, and 3 d. a Pound.- ' That which is Bak’d in Paris is coiirfef and much worfe. - As for the JFne Manchet, or French Bread, as we’call it, I cannot much com¬ mend-it 5 it is of late, fincc'the quantity of A Journey to Pans. 14 I of Beer that is Brewed in Paris, often fo bitter, that it is not to be eaten, and we far exceed them now in this particular in ; Lo»do». ^ The Gray Sah of France (which there, at Table, is altogether in every thing made ufe of) is- incomparably better and ® more wholfome than our White Salt. This I the rather mention, becaufe it feems not yet to enter fully into the con* fideration and knowledge of our People 5 w'ho are nice in this particular to a fault. “ But I muft take leave to tell them, that ® our Salt fpoils every thing, that is pre¬ tended to be preferved by it, be it Filh or Flefti. For whether boiled from the in¬ land Salt Pits, or the Sea Water, it is ,, little lefs than Quicklime, and burns and reefes all it touches ^ fo that 'tis pity to I * fee fo much good Fifh, as is caught upon ® the Northern Line of Coaft, particularly the Cod and Ling and Herring, now of HI little value, which were formerly the . moft efteemed Commodities of England. iw Tis certain there is no making good Salt 0! by fierce and vehement boiling, as is ufed.^ iii but it muft be kerned cither by the heat of the Sun, as in France ^ or by a fujl i and over-weighty Brine, as at Milthrope «:■ in the WaJIjcs of Lancaflure ^ for in no o*- ther place in England I ever faw it right Hi L 2 madej 148 A Journey to Paris. made ^ but yet that is not there under- hood to purpofe, for they alfo boil the Brine, which pofTibly by fome flight Ar¬ tifice might be brought to give its Salt without ftrefs of Fire. white Kid. In Le}ft the common People feed much on White Kidney Beans,Bind white or pale iiii. Lentils, of which there are great Provifi- ons made in all the Markets, and to be had ready boiled. I was well pleafed with this Lentil ^ which is a fort of Pulfe we have none of in England. There are two forts of White Lentils fold here ^ one fmall one, from Burgundy, by the Cut of ^ Briare ^ and another bigger, as broad a- gain from Chartres ^ A 3d alfo much larger, is fometimes to be had from Lan¬ guedoc. Thofe excepted, our Seed Shops far exceed theirs, and confequently our Gardens, in the Pulfe Kind for variety ^ both Pea and Bean. Long Tur- Tlic Roots differ much from ours. There _ are here no round Turneps; but all long ' ones and fmall • but excellently well faff¬ ed, and are of a much greater ufe, being proper for Soupes alfo:, for which pur¬ pofe ours are too ftrong; we have, in¬ deed, of late got them into England, but our Gardners underffand not the Manag¬ ing A Journey to Paris. ing of them. They fow them here late after Midjimmr ^ and at Martinma^s or fooner, before the Froft begin, they dig them up, cut off the tops, and put them into Sand in their Cellars, where they will keep good till after Eafler, nay, till Whitfuntide ^ Whereas if the Froft take them, they are quite fpoilt, and tliat piece of ill Husbandry makes them to be defpifed here 5 having loft their tafte, and they foon grow fticky in the Ground. The Sandy Plains of Vai/j^erard near Pa¬ rk^ are famous for this fort of moft Ex¬ cellent Root. After the fame manner they keep their Garrets. After we had been 2 or 5 days Joui> ney in France, we found no other Tur- neps but the Navet ^ and ftill the nearer Park the better. Thefe, as I fiid, are fmall long Turneps, not bigger than a Knife Haft, and moft excellent in Soupes, and with Boiled and Stewed Mutton. I think it very ftrange, that the Seedfhould fo much improve in England, as to pro¬ duce Roots of the fame Kind 6 or lo times as bigas there 5 for 1 make no que- ftion, but the long Turneps, of late only in our Markets, are the Tame. The Potato are fcarce to be found in their Markets, which are fo great a Re- L 3 lief 145» *5® A Journey to Pâris. lief to the People of England, and very nourifhing and wholefome Roots 5 but îmVMa. Jerufalem Harticho{es. c*h£t. They delight not fo much in Cabage, as I expefted, at leaft at the Seafon while we were there, from Decen/ber to Mid- f/m/mer. I never faw in all the Markets once Sprouts, that is, the tender Roots of Cabages ^ nor in their publick Gardens, any Refei-ves of old Stalks. The Red Ca¬ bage is efteemed here, and the Savoy. But to make amends for this, they a- bound in vaft quantities of large Red 0- ttions and Garlick. And the long and fweet White Onion of Languedoc are to be had alfo here. Alfo Leeks, Rockam- boy, and Shallots are here in great ufe. It has been obferved, that the Nor¬ thern People of Europe much delight in Cabage, as the Ruffes, Roles, Germans, e^c. Tis certain the Cabage thrives befi: in Cold Countreys, and is naturally a Nor- them Plant, and the Keel is to be found Wild upon the Maritine Rocks, as I have feen it at Vlhhby, and the Cold ripens it, aftd makes it more tender and palata¬ ble. The Southern People are pleafed with the Onion Kind, for the fame Veafon, for that the great Heats meliorate them, but give A Journey to Paris, 15* give a ranknefs to the Cabage. are here .much fmaller than with us 5 buj: to recompence this, they are blancht here with more care and art, and are 9 times as long in the white part, which is by finking them early fo deep in mellow Earth. There is no Plant of the Onion Kind fo hardy as this, and fo proper for the cold Mountains ^ witnefs tiie ufe the Weljh have made of them from all Agp 3 and indeed it is excellent againft Spitting of Blood, and all Difeafes of the Throat and Lungs. Though the Lettice be the great and uttu,. univerfal Sallet, yet I did not find they came near our People, for the largenefs and hardnefs of them ^ indeed, about a week before we left P<«m, the long Ro¬ man Lettice filled their Markets, which was* incomparable, and 1 tliink beyond our Silejian. April and May the Markets were ferved mitt with vaft quantities of White Beets, an Herb rarely ufed with us, and never that I know of, in that manner for Soupes. The Leaves grow long and large, and are tied up, as we do our Silefian or Roman Lettice to blanch, and then cut by the Root: The Stalks are very broad and L 4 ten- * 5 2 A Journey to Paris. tender, and they only are ufed, hript of the green Lear es j They Cook thofe Stalks in different manners. • 'AffMragM. ^ The Afparagus here are in great plenty, but for the firft month they were very bitter and unpleafant ; from whence that proceeded I cannot guefs ; afterwards I did not much perceive it. s>rnL They are fo great Lovers of Sorrel, that I have feen whole Acres of it plant¬ ed in the Fields 5 and they are to be com¬ mended for it 5 for nothing is more whole- fome, and it is good to fupply the place ?., againft the Scurvy, or any ill habit of the Body. • ^ But after all, the French delight in no- Mujhmns^ thiDg fo iTiuch as Mujhvoowes ^ of which they h^ave daily, and all the Winter long, ftore of frefh and new gathered in the Markets. This furprifed me 5 nor could I guefs where they had them, till I found they raifed them on hot Beds in their Gardens. Of Foret Mujhroomes they have many Crops in a year ^ but for the Months of Atiguji, September, O&ober, when they na- turally grow in the Fields, they prepare no Artificial Beds. ^ ^ They A Journey to Paris. i53 They make in the Fields and Gardens out of the Bar of Vaugerard (which I faw ) long narrow Trenches, and fill thofe Trenches with Horfe Dung 2 or 5 foot thick, on which they throw up the common Earth of the place, and cover the Dung with it, like the ridge of a Houfe, high pitched^ ând over all they put long Straw or long Horfe Litter ^ Out of this Earth fprings the Champignons, chsmpif. after Rain, and if Rain comes not, they Water the Beds every day, even in Winter. They are 6 days after their fpringing, or firft appearance, before they pull them up for the Market. On fome Beds they have plenty, on others but few, which demonftrate they come of Seed in the Ground ^ for all the Beds are alike. A Gardner told me, he had the other year near an Acre of Ground ordered in this manner, but he loft a 100 Crowns by it 5 but moftly they turn to as good profit, as any thing they can plant. They deftroy their old Beds in Sum¬ mer, and dung their Grounds with them* They i *54 A Journey to They prepare their new Beds the. lat¬ ter end of Auguji^ and have plentiful Crops of Mulhrooms towards C^ifimas and all tlie Spring, till after March. * I faw in the Markets the beginning of Mmgih's. Aprils fre(h gathered Mortglids^ the firft of that Kind ofjh. which there is an incredible quantity fpent in the Lenf^ They are not large, and 15 ^ A Journey to Paris. I think are the better for it, but they are very dean of Mud, and well tafted. They have a particular way of bring¬ ing frelh Oyfters to Town, which I never faw with us 5 To put them up in Strm Baskets of a Peeke fuppofe, cut from the Shell, and without the Liquor; They are thus very good for Stewing, and all other manner of Drefling. There is fuch plenty of Macreufe, a fort of Sea Ducks, in the Markets all Lent^ that I admire where they got fo many ; but thefe are reckoned and e- fteemed as Fifti, and therefore they take them with great Induftry ; They have a rank fiftiy tafte, yet for want of other Flefh were very welcome. I remember we had at our Treat at the King’s Charge at Verfatlles a Macreufi Bye near two foot diameter, for it was in Le«/ ; which be- ing high Seafoned, did go down very well with rare Burgundy. There is a better Argument in Leemnhoekg for Birds participating fomething of the nature of Filh, though their Blood is hot, than any the ConneU of Trent could think of, and that is, that the Globuli of the Blood of Birds are Oval, as thofe of Fiflies are ; but this will take in all thé Bird Kind ; which alfo m time thofe Gentlemen may think fit to grant. ^ ^ ' As A Journey to Paris. 157 It As for their Flefh, Mutton and Beef, I’ if they are good in their Kind, they ^ come little Ihort of ours, I cannot fay ® they exceed them. But their Veal is not J* to be compared with ours, being red and ^ courfe; and I believe no Countrey in ^ Europe underftands the Management of that fort of Food like the Englijh, This i> was once proper to Ejffex 5 but now it is ^ well known, that nothing contributes more to the whitenefs and tendernefs of the Flelh of Calves, than often Bleeding them, and giving them much Food of 2 Milk and Meal, wfides fucking the Dam. w By much Bleeding the red Cake of the If Blood is exhaufted, and becomes all Ï White Serum or Chyle. The fame effed w Cramming hath upon Poultry, fo as the * Blo<^ is well near all Chyle ; and the f Livers of Geefe fo fed by force, will be- i come, for the fame realon, vaftly great, i and white and delicious. It I cannot but takp notice here of a I great Prejudice the French lie under, in relation to our Flelh ; *Tis generally faid amongft them, that our Meat in England will not make fo ftrong Broth, as the French, by a third part. If they fay, not fo fait and favoury, and ftrong tafted, I agree with them 5 and yet the FrenchMe^t is 158 A Journey tv Paris. is never the better. For firft their Meat is moftly leaner and more dry, and (which is all in all in this matter of Soupes) is long kept before it be fpent, which gives it a higher and falter tafte ; for as Meat rots, it becomes more urinous and fait. Now our People by cuftom, covet the frefheft Meat, and cannot indure the leaft tendency to putrefaâiion 5 and we have^ good rsafon to do lb, becaufe our Air is twice as moift as theirs, which docs often caufe in the keeping of Meat a Mufti nefs, which is intolerable to all Mankind ^ whereas the Air of France be¬ ing Co much drier, keeping of Meat, not only makes it tender, but improves the tafte. So that could we fecure our Meat, in keeping it from that unfavoury qua¬ lity, it would far outdo the French Meat, becaufe much more juicy. * I don’t remember I eat of above two forts of Flefli, but witat we have as good or better in England^ and that was of the Wild Pigs ; and the Redlegd Partridge. Of thcfe laft I eat at St. Cloit^ taken there¬ abouts 5 as to bignefs, they are much de¬ generated from thole in Lam^r/edoc^ and lefs 5 but far excel the gray Partridge in tafte. As A Journey to Paris. 159 Jiid As for their Fruits our Journey was in rruiu. 1«) the worft time of the year, from De- liiii cember to Midjtmfner, fo that we had little Kii fave Winter Fruits 5 fome few Bon Chri¬ is tiens w€ tafted, not much better than '0ÎÎ ours, but fomething freer of Stones 5 el The Virguleus Pears weit admirable, but dit; to our forrow, they did not laft long af- lOi ter our arrival. diici The Kentijh Pippin, as we call it, was Meii here excellent ^ but two other forts of I ai Apples ftock the Markets. The Winter CalvH or ^mning, which though a ten- tot der and foft Apple, yet continued good sttf till after Eajier. Alfo tht Pome itApfs, ifej; which is ferved here for (hew, more than p ufe 5 being a fmall flat Apple, very beau- ijfjt tiful, very red on one fide, and pale or white on the other, and may fervc the (Ï, Ladies at their Toilets for a Pattern to ,(Kjj Paint by. However this tender Apple was not contemptible after Whitfuntike ^ (L and which is its property, it never fmells ill, though the Ladies keep it (as fome- times they do) about them, jjj I never met with any thing peculiar ji, in their SweetMeats, but a Marmalade of Orange Blowers 3 which indeed was admi¬ rable 3 ’Twas made with thofe Flowers, 1, the Juice of Lemons, and fine Sugar. ® Tbt a A Journey to Paris* The Wines follow^ and Water to Drink: The Wines about Paris are very fniall, yet good in their Kind 5 thofe de Snrene are excellent Tome years 5 but in all the Taverns they have a way to make them into the fafhion of Champagne and £«r- gundy. The Tax upon Wines is now fo great, that whereas before the War they drank them by Retail at 5 d. the Quart, they now fell them at i^d. the Quart and dearer, which has inhanfed the Rates of all Commodities, and Workmens Wages 5 and alio has caufed many thoufand pri¬ vate Families to lay in Wines in their Cellars at the cheapeft hand, which ufed to have none before* The Wines of Burgundj and Champagne are moft valued 3 and indeed, not with¬ out reafon 5 for they are light and eafie upon the Stomach, and give little diftur- bance to the Brain, if drawn from tlie Hogftiead, or loofe botled after their faftiion. The moft efteemed are Fin de Bonne of Burgundy^ a red Wine ; which is Dolce Pi¬ quante in fome meafure, to me it feemed the very beft of Wine I met with. Folne, A Journey to Paris. Volfic^ a pale Champagne, but exceed- '1^ ing brisk upon the Palate. This is faid to grow upon the very borders of Bur- çuffdjr, and to participate of the Excel¬ lency of both Counties. «, There is another fort of Wine, called »» de Rheims, this is alfo a pale or gray Hi Wine ^ it is harfh, as all Champagne Wines tlia ■ are. fit The White Wines of value are thofe of Miafion in Burgundy. jra Mulfo in Champagne^ a fniall and not y unpleafant White Wine, y Chabri is a quick and (harp White Wi ne y well efteemed. æsoi In March I tafted the White Wines called Condrieu, and d‘Arbois, but found ipit them both in the Muft, thick and white ié as our Wines ufe to be, when they firft mfe come from the Canaries ^ very fweet, and yet not without a grateful flavour ; they ^ clear towards Summer, and abate much ifiil. of the flavour and fweet tafte. Thofe Iflii Wines thus in the Muft are called in'the ill. Prints Fin des Liqueurs. ilifi There is a preparation or rather ftif- ielt ling of the White Wine in the Muft,ufed in Burgundy and elfewhere, which they ÿoi call Pin Bouru ^ it gives a fweet tafte, and yi- it is foul to the Eye 5 thofe alfo are called Fin des Liqueurs. This is only drunk a Glafs \ 6 i i62 a Journey to Paris. ill a morning, as an equivalent to Brandy. Vln de Turene en Anjou of two years old, was one of the belt White Wines I drunk in Paris. Qannetin from Dauphine : This is a very pale and thin White Wine, very like the Verde of Florence, fweet, and of a very pieafant flavour, efpecially while it is Des Liqueurs. The Red Wines of Burgundy, Des quor très feuilles, as they fay, or of 4 years old, are rare, but they are efteemed much more wholefom, and are permitted to the Sick, in fome cafes, to drink of 5 they are line, and have a rough, but found tafte 3 not prickt, as 1 expefted. This Term Des quatre feuilles, is ufed alfo to Vblne, or any other fort of Wine which is kept any time. There are alfo in efteemftronger Wines at Paris, as Camp de Perdris. iojle Brujlee, both Red Wines from Dauphine, of very good tafte, and hot upon the Stomach. De rHermitage upon the Rofne. But the moft excellent Wines for ftrength and flavour are the Red and White St. Laurence, a Town betwixt Tou¬ lon ^nd Nice in Provence. This is a moft delicious Mu feat . Thefe are of thofe forts of A Journey to Paris. ^^^VVines, which tlnQ Romans càlÏQdPt |j that were made of half Sun dried 'I Grapes : for the Grapes ( efpecially the White Mufcadine Grapes) being ufually fooner ripe, than the common Grapes of j the Countty, called EJpera», viz. the lat¬ ter end of Auguji, ( as I have feen them ® in the Vintage at Vic, Mirabel, and Fro»~ tmiac, 3 Towns near the Se 3 ,m Langue¬ doc, where this fort of Wine is made) they twill: the Bunches of Grapes, lo breaking the Stalks of them, that they receive no longer any nourilhment from the Vine, but hang down and dry in the i® then violently hot Sun, and are in few * days almoft turned into Raifins of the Sun 5 hence, from this , infolation, the • flavour of the Grape is exceedingly height- ptî? ned, and the ftrengtli and oilinefs, and thick Body of the Wine is mightily im- fe proved. I think the Red St. Lauren was the niofl: delicious Wine I ever tailed in fe my life. ili» Belides thefe, here are alfo the White Wines of Orleans, Bourdeaux Claret, and thofe Excellent VVines from Labors: alfo ifo! Cabreton, White and Red, from about iffli Bayone, ftrongand delicious Wines: and T» all forts of Spanijh Wines, as Sack, Palme, |ii Mountaine’Malaga, Red and White, She- li® ries, and indeed the French are, of late, cl • M2 very 1^4 ^ Journey to Paris. very defirous to drink of the ftrongeft Wines. Befides Wines, there is no Feafting without the Drinking at the defert all Ratrp. forts of Strong Waters, particularly fids ^ which is a fort of Cherry Brandy made with Peach and Apricock Stones, highly piquant, and of a moft agreeable flavour. The pungent and acrimonious quality of thefe and fuch like Kernels was not unknown to the Ancients, and very poi- fonous to fome Animals. Diofcoridestdh us, a Paft made of the Kernels of Bitter Almonds will throw . Hens into Convnl- fions, and immediately kill them. Birds have but little Brain, and fo are the ftronglier affeded with this Volatil Ve¬ nom. Not unlike effeds ’tis poffible Ra¬ tafia may have in fome tender and more delicate Conftitutions, and weak and feeble Brains, and may be one caufe of fo many fudden Deaths, as have been ob- ferved of late. Vattec is a fort of Perfumed Strong- water from Provence, made (as it is pre¬ tended) of Mufcat Wine diftilled with Citron Pills and Orange Flowers. ^ Fenonlliet de ïifle de is valued much, ’ris much like our Anifeed Water. Thefe A Journey to Paris. i Thefe and many more forts of Strong* waters, and ftrong Wines, both of Frame and Italy and Spain^ are wont to be brought in, at the latter end of the Dc- fert in all great Feaftsi' and they drink freely of them 5 Which Cuftom is new : when I was formerly in France^ I remcm* ber nothing of it. But it is the long War that has introduced them, the No¬ bility and Gentry Xuffering much in li thofe tedious Campagnes, applied them- 3 S! felves to thefe Liquors to fupport the Dif- f'fo Acuities and Fatigues of VVeather and ltd Watchings ^ and at their return to Park, Bit introduced them to their Tables. Sure I ffliî am, the Parifians, both Men and Wo- i men, are flrangely altered in their Cou¬ rt: ftitutions and Habit of Body ^ from lean il and (lender, they are become fat and lifc corpulent , the Women efpecially ; is Which, in my Opinion, can proceed h from nothing fo much as the daily is drinking ftrong Liquors. 31J1 Add to thefe Drinks the daily ufe of It; Coffee with Sugar, Tea and Chocolate, ijs which now is as much in ufe in Private sü Houfes in Park, as with us in Loudon: And thefe Sugar’d Liquors alfo add, con- (jt; (iderably to their Corpulency.., i66 A Journey to Paris. I mufl: not forget, that amongft the Drinks that are in ufe in Pam, Cyder from Normandy is one. The heft 1 drank ( of that Kind, was of the colour of Cla¬ ret, reddilh or brown ^ The Apple, that it was made of, was called Frequtns, which is round and yellow, but fo bitter, that it is not to be eaten ^ and yet the Cyder that is made of .it, is as fweet as any new Wine. It keeps many years good, and mends of its colour and tafte. I drank it often at a Private Houfe of a Norman Gentleman, of whofe Growth it was otherwife, if I had not been af- fured to the contrary, I could not have believed, but that it had been mixt with < Sugar, There are alfo very many publick Coffke-houfes, where Tea alfo and Choco¬ late may be had, and all the Strongwa- ters and Wine above-mentioned 5 and innumerable Alehoufes. ‘ I wonder at the great change of this Sober Nation, in this particular ^ but Luxury like a Whirlpool draws into it the Extravagances of other People. ’ ' ’TwasNeceflity, and the want of Wine, (^either naturally, as in a great part of Perjta and the Indies 5 or front their Re¬ ligion, A Journey to Paris. ï îigion, as in Turkey^ that put Men upon the invention of thofe Liquors of Coffee and Tea : Chocalate, indeed, was found out by the poor ftarved Indians^ as Ale & was with us. But what elfe but a Wan- I ii ton Luxury could difpofe thefe People, Û who abound in Excellent Wines, the , tl; moft cordial and generous of all Drinks, Cjt to ape the neceffity of others, ist Mighty things, indeed, are faid of goi thefe Drinks, according to the Humour le, and Fancy pf the Drinkers. I rather be- of lieve they are permitted by Gods Provi- tlii dence for the leflening the number of ÏI II Mankind by fhortning Life, as a fort of tbf filent Plague. Thofe that plead for Cho- \i colate, fay, it gives them a good Sto¬ mach, if taken two hours before Dinner. Right ! who doubts it? You fay you are nlc much more hungry having drunk Cho- 1 b colate, than you had been if you had jjT; drunk none 5 that is, your Stomach is ,‘jji faint, craving and feels hollow and itiit empty, and you cannot ftay long for ,(j( your Dinner. Things that pafs thus foon poc' out of the Stomach, I fufpeft are little illjc welcome there, and Nature makes hafte to get fhut of them. There are many things of this fort which impofe upon 0 us by procuring a falfe hunger. iOH M 4 The léB A Journey to Paris. The Wild Ltdians^ gnd fome of our People, no doubt digeft it 5 but our Pampered Bodies can make little of it 5 and it proves to moft tender Conftitu- tions perfect Phyfic, at leaft to the Sto¬ mach, by cleanfing that into the Gutts ^ but that wears it out, and decays Na¬ ture. ^ It is very remarkable with what gree- dinefs the Spaniards drink it, and how often in a day, 5 times fays f at leaft. The Women drank it in the Churches, and the diforder could fcarce be remedied. The old Romans did better with their Luxury 5 they took their Tea and Choco¬ late after a full Meal, and every Man was his own Cook in that cafe. C A Journey to Paris. 1 hollow of the Pipes were all ftopt up to the breadth of ^a Sliilling, with a firm Stone petrified j fo that they Were forc'd to break up the Pipes being altogether 1 ufelefs. Now what Petrifies in theWater- Pipes is apt in fonie weak Conftitutions to Pétrifié alfo in the Kidneys and Blad¬ der. In the next place we will fee how tht Parifians divert themfelves ; which confifts chiefly in Plays, Gameing, Walk¬ ing, or Coaching. The Plays here are divided into two Houfes : One for the Operas, and the other for the Comedies. i I did not fee many Opera’s, not being fb good a French-Man as to underftand them, when Sung : The Opera, called l’Europe^ Gallante, I was at feveral times, and it is lookt upon as one of the very beft. It is extreamly fine, and the Mu- fick and Singing admirable : The Stage large and magnificent, and well filled . ^ with Aftors : The Scenes well fuited to the thing, and as quick in the removal of them, as can be thought. The Dancing exquifite, as being performed by the beft Mafiers of that Profeflion in Town : The Cloathing A Journey to Paris. 171 Cloathing rich, proper, and with great variety. It is to be wondered, that thefe Opera’s are fo frequented : There are great num¬ bers of the Nobility that come daily to them, and fome that can Sing them all: And it was one thing that was trouble- fome to us Strangers, to diQjirb the Box by thefe voluntary Songs of fome parts of the Opera or other ^ That the Speda- tors may be faid to be here as much Aftors as thofe imployed upon the ve¬ ry Stage. The Comedies have another Houfe in cmeditt. another part of the Town ^ for the Opera’s are under the Roof of Monfieuf, and it is part of the Palais Royal. TheDifpofition of the Theatre is much the fame 5 but fomething lefs ; And here the Stage it felf is to be Let 5 where for Strangers, the Places are moft commodious, to hear and fee, I heard many Tragedits, but without guft for want of Language : But after them, the Little Plays were veij Divert¬ ing to me, particularly thofe of MoHere^ Vendange de Surefne, Pourcegnac, Crijpin Medecin, le Médecin maigre luy^ le Malade Imaginaire, C^c. 172 A Journey to Paris. In this all agree, that tho’ Molkrc^ Plays have lefs of Intrigue in them 5 yet his CharaUers of Perfons are incompara¬ ble, fo true and juft, that nothing can be more : And for this Reafon, fo many of them are only of two or three Afts • for without an Intrigue well laid, the Charafters would have failed him, in which was his Excellency However, this is now fo much become a Cuftom on the French Stage ; that you ever have one of thefe little Pieces tack’d to the Trage¬ dy, that you may pleafe your felf accor¬ ding to your Appetite. Tis (aid, Moliere Died fuddenly in Acting the Malade Imaginaire : Which is a good inftance Of his well Perfonating the Play he made, and how he could really put hirafelf into any Paflion he had in his Head. Allb of the great dariT ger ftrong and vehement Paffions may caufe in weak Conftitutions, fuch as Joy and Fear 5 which Hiftory tells us, have killed many very fuddenly. He is re- P®'^^ have faid, going off the Stage, M^jpeurs^ J ay jone le Malade Imaginaire 5 Æak je fu k ^’critahlement fort Malade ^ and he died within two hours after. This Account of Moliere is not in his Life by Perault but it is true :» And he yet has blamed him for his Folly, in perfecuting I 173 «ni )i itj. tül I, il Kf, ioi b f »• in liii tin» ■ 4 ik fc ro l! fl 51 'î id lis ! ü 9 î A Journey to Paris. the Art of Phyfick, not the Men, in di¬ vers of his Plays. Moliere fent for Dr. M-, aPhy- fitianin Paris of great Efteem and Worth, and now in London, a Refuge Df. M - — fent him word, he would come to him, upon two Conditions 5 the one, that he fhouldAnfwerhimonlyto fuch Queftions as he fliould ask him, and not otherwife Difcourfe him 5 the other, thathefhould oblige himfelf to take the Médecines he Ihould prefcribe for him. But Moliere finding the Doftor too hard for him, and not eafily to be Dapt, refufed them. His Bufmefs, it feems, was to make a Comical Scene in expofing one of the Learnedeft Men of the Profeffion, as he had done the Quacks. If this was his Intention, as in all probability it was, Moliere had as much Malice, as Wit 5 which is only to be ufed to correft the Vitioufnefs and Folly of Men pretend¬ ing to Knowledge, and not the Arts themfelves. This I muft needs fay. That Obfceni- ty and Immorality are not at all upon the French Stage, no more than in the Civil Converfation of People of Fafliion and good Breeding. One , ! I ^74 ^ Journey to Paris. Preaching. Oiic Aftemoon in Lent., I was to heat a S&rmon at La. Charité, preached by an Abbot, a very young man. His Text was about the Angels Defcent into the Pool of Bethefda, and Troubling the Waters. I am not fo good a French-Man as to underhand all he laid, but he had many good Arguments about the neceffity of Grace, and the means to attain it. I was ftrangely furprifed at the Vehemen- cy of his Aûion, ' which to me appeared altogether Comical, and like the Adors upon the Stage, which I had feen a few days before : Befides, his Expreflions feemed to be in too Familiar a Style: I always took a Sermon to the People to require a grave and ornate kind of Elor quence, and not Verba ^otidiana, with a certain dignity of Adion ^ but ‘tis polEble this way here beft fuits with the Cuftonis and Manners of the People^ who are all Motion, even when they lay the eafieft and moll intelligible Things, Gameing. Gaming is a perpetual E^verfion here,if not one of the Debauches of the Town : But Games of meer Hazard are ll:riâ:ly forbid upon fevere Fines to the Mafter of the Houfe, as well private as Publick, where fucii Playing lhall be dilcovered. This k fia lïî ÎD(i, kt ast mai; tya it. «arai &)a (en tyl' ia ■Bj wii itï il» F If 4 di d I A Journey to Paris. 175 This was done upon the Account of the Officers of the Army 5 who, during the Winter ufed to lofe the Money, which was given them to make their Recruits, and renew their Equipages in the Spring. And indeed, fuch quick Games, as BaJJety Hazardy d^c. where Fortune in a manner is all in all, are great Temptations to Ruine, by the fudden Paflions they are apt to raile in the Players : Whereas Games, where Skill and Cunning, and much Thought are imployed, as well as Luck, give a Man time to Cool, and re¬ cover his Wits , if at any time great Lofs {hall have Difmounted his Reafon 5 for he mull quickly come to himfelf again, or forfeit his Skill and Reputation in Conducing the Game, as well as Husbanding his Mone)^ We were in Paris at the time of the Fair of St. jF we daily drink exceffive hot and exceffivè cold . in other Creatures it’s Inhind that ^ides them, but as for us we neither aft by Inftinft nor Reafon ^ but betwixt both and therefore oftner are catcht, to our own deftruftion. ■ - . . Apartments of Moteur, are a fine Set of ClofetSi The • * furniftit with great va- Cryftals. Cups, Agats up¬ on fniall Stands, and the fides of the Rooms are lined with • large Panes of ^oking-glafs from top to the bottom, Japan Varnifh and Paintings of e- ' V - guajt A Journey to Paris. 201 qual breadth intermixt ^ which had a marvellous pretty eflèâ:. The other Room had in it a vaft quantity of Bijou^ and many of very great Price 5 but the Skm'Pagods^znà other things from thence, were very odd. There was alfo one very fmall Romau Statue of White Marble, not 10 inches high, which coft 20000 Crowns 5 one Leg of it was a little injured. It feemed a Piece of admirable Workmanlhip. It was a Boy, who had in the Skirt of his Tunic a Litter of Puppies, and the Bitch lying at his feet and looking up. I cannot fay much of Meudon, becaufe Mttdm. 1 was not within the Houfe or Park ^ it will require yet fome time to bring it to that perfection which is defigned, for that Monfeigneur has been but lately poflèflèd of it 5 The Road from to it is yetun- pived^ but the Situation is admirable,and the Splanade before the Houfe is like a vaft Baftidn, and commands the fiill view of •all the Campagne, and Paris under if. The Gardens are very great, but I only coafted them, and the Houfe. ‘ As to the Palace of Ferfaiffes, (which is ytrfmSts. yet fome miles further within the Moun- tainoùs Country, not unlike Blac^Heath i. or » J Journey to Paris. or Tuftbridge) ’tis without difpute the moft magnificent of any in Europe ^ Yet what of it was firft built, and much admired 90 years ago, is now no longer relifht : However this King intends to rebuild it, where it is faulty. Tis, as I faid, plac’d in a very ungrateful Soil, without Earth proper for Herbs, or Water ^ but he hath brought that to it in abundance, and made the Ground too to be fruitful. There are Books writ to, defcribe this femous Palace in every part ; to which I refer the Reader. The Way to it is new, and in fbme places the Mountains are cut down 40 foot, fo that now you enjoy it a mile in profpedt before you come to it 3 it opens and clofes in 3 Courts, the more pn)oteft narrower and narrower 3 which is a fault 3 and is, as Pwas told, defigned to be pulled down, ^nd made into one noble large fquare Court of the fame or¬ der of building, as that magnificent Front is, which looks upon the Gardens. The Gilded Tiles and Roof hgve^a nwrvellous effeft in profped. The Splanade towards the Gardens and Parterres are theno- bleft things that can be feen, vaftly great, with a very large Bafin of Water in the middle, walled round with white Marble, on which are placed a great number of incomparable Brazen Vala / ^nd large Brafs A Journey to Paris. 20^ Brafs Figures couchant ^oï the beft Matters in Sculpture 5 it were endlefs to tell all the Furniture of thefe Gardens of Marble Statues, and Vaû. of Brafs and Marble, the multitude of Fountains, and thofe wide Canals like Seas running in a ftreight line from the bottom of the Gardens, as far as the Eye can reach. In a Word, thefe Gardens are a Coun¬ trey laid out into Alleys and Walks, Groves of Trees, Canals and Fountains, and every where adorned with ancient and modern Statues and Fafa innumer¬ able. May the 17th the Waters were order¬ ed to Play for the Diverfion of the En- glijb Gentlemen. The Playing of the Spouts of Water, thrown up into the Air, is here diverfified after a thoufand faftiions. The Theatre des emx^ and the Triumphal Arch are the mott famous Pieces. But in the Groves of the Left Hand, you have JEjbps Fables^ in fo many Pieces of Water-Works, liere and there in Wind¬ ing-Alleys. Tliis -might have been faid to be done in Z)ffon Delphini. ’Tis pretty to-^fee the Owle walht by all the Birds ^ hugging her young one, till it fpbuts out Water with a full Throat, and open Mouth, - The 304 A fourney to Pan's. The Orangerj^^ or Winter Confervato- Jfy for Tubs of Winter Greens, is what œrrefponds to the greatnefs of the reft, fis a ftupendious half fanare of under¬ ground Vaults, like the Naves of fo many Cnurches put together, of exquifite Work- manftiip in hewn Stone, well lighted and 5oon r contains 3000 Cafes of Greens 5 whereof near dmTc Trees, and many hun¬ dreds of them are as big as generally they naturally grow in the Earth^; Hence amongft them are Tome, which are Paid SeRrft? the time of Francis They did not think fitting to put them jnd indeed their Oleanders, Laurels, Len- meus s, and moft other Greens, had fuf. fered miferably. C which is part of S magnificence rJ ^ 700 afes of iT^x, be- all other Kindi : By all the Gardens m and about Paris, I per^ Truit. I obfe^ed m fmall Fiance or Painted Pots a vaft number of the narrow leaved Zm J/ex^^rna^ alfo Thlap^f fore alba, r^tdak^^ Thefe are not yet Ornaments mourGardens,thatIknowof. The H) a fC ire it. Stf Fri in' m' wi vi ffi b le Ï1 A' tf 205 A Journey to Paris. The 15th of May my Lord Ambaflà- dor went to Mio-liy where the Waters Marii. played for his Diverfion. I muft needs fay it is one of the plea- fanteft Places I ever faw, or, I believe, is in Europe ^ it is feated in the bofbm or upper end of a high Valley, in the midft of and furrounded with Woody Hills. The Valley is clofed at the upper end, and gently defcends forwards by degrees, and opens wider and wider, and gives you the profped of a vaft plain Coun¬ trey, and the River Seiue running through it. Marti is a fquare Houfe raifed upon Steps, and Terraflèd on all fides 5 The 4 Fronts all alike 5 and the Doors opening into the Garden all the fame. In lie middle au OBogon-haU^ running up Dome- wife, in which all the fide Rooms meet 5 which are all Rooms of State. Above are 12 Lodgings, with a narrow Gallery leading to them. In the lower Rooms at Martin particularly in the OUogon Sdan^ are extraordinary large* (d foot at leaft) Marble, or rather Agat Tables To the beft of which they may be compared. They are veined like Wood, and of an Amber colour ^ Thefe are the admirable effeft of Petrification. Of this very Stone ao^ A Journey to Paris. Stone. I have feen great Blocks in the Banks^ of the Dropping Welt at Knanerbo^ roHgh in Tork^Jhire. I forgot to ask here whence they had them. In one of the Ground Rooms was a Semicircular Gilt Bar or Rail, which took off and iiiclofed the upper end of the Room ; Within the Bar was difpofed fe- veral Rows of Porcellain or fine China on Gilt Shelves. Here at the Corners, within the Bar, opened two fmall Doors, whence the Ambaflador and his Retinue were plentifully ferved with Chocolate, Tea, and Coffee, in a moft obliging man¬ ner 5 Maw of the Nobility and Gentle¬ men of France were ordered to attend him there. The two fide Fronts of the Houfe have in. profped great Alleys cut through the Woods, and paved fox the. more com¬ modious coming down to the Houfe ^ which is defcending all the wayi On each fide the Valley, clofe under the yVoôds, run along in a line, fix fquare Pavilions or fmaller Palaces of the very fame figure and beauty with the Mother Hottfe'^ at equal, but large diftances, as 500 Paces. The 6 on the right hand the Garden are for the Men ^ The other 6 on the left are for the Women of Quality 5 whom the King weekly appoints, upon Î' tit fa] loi A! tai lat « Pa G ir h Ht à ft 0) tf ta V Ji fl b 1 Ï 0 c a a 207 A Journey to Paris. a Lift given, to attend him, and enjpy the Pleafureof this Retirement, as^I may- fay, from Court. Before thofe Pavil¬ ions, and betwixt them, are the fineft Alleys and Walks imaginable, with Foun¬ tains, and all the Decorations of Treil¬ lage and Flowers. Such a (hew of not ordinary Tulips in broad Beds, of a looo I^ces long, every where, all this vaft , Garden over, in their full beauty, was a i moft furprifing fight. I could not for- I bear to fay to the Duke de VtUeroy, who was pleafed much to accompany me in this Walk, That fure all the Gardens in :• Trance had contributed to this Profufion i of Flowers ; which he tookTo well, that the Marijhal his FatheVy afterwards der tached himfelf to fingle me out, and , very obligingly embraced me, and fa- luted me with a Kifs, and followed it -with very kind and familiar Difeourfe. The Cafeade coming down from the brow of the Hill, on that Front of the Houfe which refpefts and ftands near it, was new and fingular, and of the Kings own invention, as, indeed, all the Gar¬ den befides. From the Houfe it appeared a Broad River^ quietly gliding down the Hill ^ but when I went near it, I found it compofed of 52 large fquare and fhal- low Bafins of Water, difpofed at right Angles 20 8 A Journey to Pads. Angles, and not declining, but falling over one into another. it In the Garden were many Fountains, ^ nobly adorned, and had variety of VVa- *li ter Pipes playing up into the Air in them. Here are fome Gerks of a Angular fafhi- on, with a Circle of a great num-^ her of^ large Pipes, within at leaft two (îl* foot diameter 5 which made the appear ranee of a vaft Pillar of Water. There ' ^ was one Jet d'eau in the bottom of the Garden, which we were told threw up te Water 120 foot high 5 for of 50 and more Fountains, we faw but thofe on the Sof fide Alleys to play ^ moft of the great b Bafîns in the ‘middle were mending, and dry. To furnilh all this Water, there k is a moft ftupendious Machine^ which was invented by 2 Lkgois, This Machine tli£ forces the Water up 560 foot, from the in^ River Seim, to the top of the Tower or i Aqueduft. It throws up 500 inches of à Water by almoft continued Ructations, i): or quick Pulfes. It is wrought by 14 if Wheels of 32 feet diameter each, fet in .to the River, and carried about night and 4 day by its Stream. This Invention is the fame with what k is praftifed in the deep Coal-pits about « Leedt in Lmer-Germany 5 fo that to fee I the Engines, and a great number of Iron L Cylin- A Journey to Paris. 2op‘ : Cylinders or Water Pipes, lying bare id)ove ground^ and rtinning up a yaft Mountain, is to imagine a deep Coal- Mine turned wrongfide outward. The Tree moft in ufe here, was the fmaîl leaved Horm-Bum ^ which ferves for Arcades, Berceaus ^ and alfo Standards with 1 Globular Heads : At the foot of which they c have planted little Sprigs of the fame of a ! foot and half high 5 and alfo in fome ( places in like manner, whole areas full of p them 5 which cut feooth and level, I make the fineft green Hedges I ever faw 5 ; Some of thefe low Hedges were 12 foot t broad, and in a barren and dry Climate I fupply very artificially the ufe of Gr^/r- j plots. I ’Tis certainly very commendable in I the King, who pleafes himfelf in Plant- ; ing and Pruning the Trees with his own ■ Hand, to make ufe of no other Trees, but what the Neighbouring Woods afford ^ fo that ’tis admirable to fee whole Alleys of Pole Hedges of great height, and long Rows of goodly Standard Globes of 18 months growth only. If this great King, as he grows older, fhould take a fancy to place himfelf in a warmer Climate, (and he has a good one of his own, as any under the Sun, in Languedoc) as he does his Winter Greens P in 210 A Journey to Paris. in proper Houfes ^ (and, me-thinks, this ^ Inftance alone fhould be fufficient, to convince him of the neceflity there is to cherifti decaying Nature, and that a Na¬ turally warm Air is a better fence, than ■! Cloaths or Fire) what Wonders would not his Purfe and Paflion for Planting do there? ' * The next Woods in Languedoc would “ afford Laurel, and Myrtles for Pole Hedges 5 Lentifcus's and Phylareds in as great abun- dance, as Hazel or Thorn with us. AlCo f Jafmins for Arbors and Treillage 5 Cifittss and Rofmary , and a hundred other fweet fmelling Woody Shrubs grow every where in the Fields, to furnifh the 'î Pots and Faja. ‘ î“| There the tall Cypres’s grow of them- f felves, to do and 100 foot high, like fo ® many Towers ; and alfo Ton^l at plea- fure, for the moft beautiful Pole Hedges ® imaginable. The very Fields are moft ® Excellent, and well furnifht Parterrs of Flowers, and are Naturally Pottageries, !, or Kitchin Gardens. The Vineyards are very Orchards ; and all the moft tender ^ Fruits with us are there Standards'^ as ‘ Figs, and Grapes of all forts, Apricocks, ™ Peaches, Nedorins, Jujubs, &c. The de- J licious and large Cherries 5 and, what- ever has been faid to the contrary, Pipins and P — A Journey to Paris; 21 1 ^ and Pears there are in hir greater per- D fedion, than with us, or in any parts of j hance elfe, befides that happy Climate. What was it for fo great a King to » make a Walk from Marli to Montpelier, or |j (if I might choofe) to Pefcenas, feated in L the bofom of a weli Watered Valley, inclofed with perfumed Hills. ’Tis not I half fo far as betwixt Labor and^ Agria, two Seats the Mogul has thus joined. ' This would Eternife his Name, above I any Palace he has yet built, and bring " to himfelf much Health in his old Age. 'I The Gardens of the Hefperides, and the Labyrinths of Cande, fo famous in Hiftory^ J would be nothing to fuch wonderful ® Performances, as his Abilities and Happy Genius is capable of. For befides the J Natural Produd of the Countrey, the Climate alfo is capable of producing, and ^ nouriftiing with fmall Art and Expence, ! what ever Plants both thecan af- ' ford. Whereas, at this end of the World, we drudge in vain 5 and force a \ Pleafure which is dead, and gone before ” We can well enjoy it : We have indeed ' a kind of (hew of the Summer Delights, * but all on a fuddain we drop into a long and tedious Winter again. But we love the Places we are ufed to, or born in, Man, to fay the truth, is a very Animal, p 2 as 212 A Jmrney to Paris. as any Quadrupede of them alh and moft of his Actions are refolvable into Inftinft, notwith{landing the Principles whidi Cuftoin and Education have fuper- induced. ^ . The pleafure of feeing is fcarceto be tired ; but yet after 2 or 5 hours Walk m fo fine and great a Garden, I was tore t to make a halt behind the Com¬ pany, and glad to retire to the gilt 5«- reati in the Palace again, to refrefh my lehj where I found fome of the Kings Officers waiting, and fome other Gentle¬ men of the Houfhold, who had made fe- veral Campagnes in FUnders. I had now more a mind to a Glafs of cool Burmn- 4 , than the inlignificant Indian Liquors- which though I knew was againft the iandity of the place, yet nothing was denied me a Stranger. Here beingalone, weÆll into Difcourfe of the Englifh, and They willingly allowed the to be truly Brave ; and now 111 Peace they found alfo, that they were as Civil, and well Bred, as Brave 1 That no Nation had given the King and his Court that fatisfaftion, that the EnM had done ^ being curious and inquifitive things- They did fee a gieat difference betwixt them and other Nations 5 They did not flare, and care- >1 31 rf le Icsfly I n A Journey to Ydx\%. 215 ^ Ijfj lesfly run about, or hold up their Heads, | | jl and defpife what they faw^ but had a . I true relifli of every good thing, and | S made a good Judgment of what was ' Comtiiendable 5 and therefore the King 1 •' \ took pleafure to have them (hewed e- 1 very thing. This Difcourfe of the they concluded with a great Enco- \ mum oi K.WtUUm. , ; As for their own King they were much in the Praile of him, as one may eaiily , imagine : That his Retirement hither ^ was moftly for his Health 5 Thàt he I left Verfailles every Tuefday night, and | ^ came hither with a feleft Company of ’ Lords and Ladies ; That he returned not j till Saturday night, and fometimes inter- ■ mitted 10 or 14 days ; fo that he fpent ' half of his time here in Repofe ^ That he was the moft affable Prince in the World, and never out of Humour, of a pleafant and open Converfation where it pleafed him 5 eafie of accefs, and never fent anyone away difcontented ^ The moft Bountiful Mafter in the World, of which there were Ten thoufand Inftances ; nothing of i ; Merit in any Kind, but he moft readily îr | and chearfully Rewarded, ever, of late ’ years at leaft, preferring the Virtuous ^ ! : fo on the otlier hand, he never fpared i ' ■ ' 214 ^ Journey to Paris! Government of his People could not be j carried on with lefs feverity and ftrift- nefs ^ nor the Taxes which was neceffary [ to fupport it, raifed 5 That hp delighted t not in Blood or Perfecution 5 but that the | Art of Government had different Rules, ( according to the Climate and Nature of ( the People,where and upon whom it was ( to be put in praftice. His great Wifém ( appeared in nothing more, than in pre- | ferving himfelf amidft his Troops, his : Converts, his Court and numerous Fa¬ mily, all in a manner fit for the Throne. The grcatnefs of his Mind, and Magni¬ ficence, in his Buildings. This was the Sum of the Difcourfe thefe Gentlemen were pleafed to entertain me with. The PîŸi- fj-)y return to Park I was to fee the Ptptnerie, or Royal Nurfery of Plants, in the Faitxhourgh of St. Homrie 3 where I met the Mafter or Controuler of it, Mon- fieur Morley, one of the Ufhers of the Bed-Chamber to the King. He,^ like the jreft of the French Nation, was Civil to me 5 and fhewed me a Writ¬ ten Almanack of Flowring Plants for the whole year, which he faid was an Ori- gipal 5 it might, indeed, be fb in French, blit we have had Alfhanacks for Fruit |pd Flowep, for every month in the Journey to ^^ns. 215 year. Printed divers times, for above this ao years, thanks to Mr. Evelyn. This Ground inclofed with high Walls is vaftly big, as it ought to be, to fup- ply the Kings Gardens ^ Here are feveral toes of young Pines, Cyprefles, Vues, ^c. alfo vaft Beds of Stock July-Howers, of all forts of Bulbes, as Tulips, dills. Crocus’s, Ô'c. and tlierefore I could eafily believe him, when he told me, he had fent from hence to alone, in 4 years time, 18 millions of Tulips, and other Bulbous Flowers 5 for which he offered to fliew me his Mémoires. He further told rne, that the furniihing the Trianon^ ( a peculiar Houfe of P^^" fure, with its Parterres at the end 01 the Gardens at VerfaiUes') with Flower Pots m feafon, every 14 days in the Summer, took up no lefs than 92000 Pots from Alfo from hence he could Plant and furnifti in 14 days time, any new Gar¬ den the King fliould caufe to be made. Here befides the Plants common to us and them, 1 faw a multitude of Pots well conditioned of St£chas ettnna folio latmj- Alfo a fort of Cotila, which bore Sun Flowers or Marigolds, propagated oy Slips, called by him P 4 * i6 A Journey to Paris.’ In this Ground are feveral Houfes to lodge the tender Winter Greens - a- niongft the reft there is one very large which I may call the hfiLér/ 7 f fck, Orattge Trees 5 which coming froni taenoa by 5 ea, are here depofited in a pe¬ culiar Green Houfe 5 and there were in a<^ually carrying put into the Air, (it was the 22th oî May our ^ 5 *?? Cafes as thick as a Mans Thigh 5 but after 10, and fome t ^heriOiing, had not yet got Heads decent enough to be removed and to appear at Court, they being often Rçxit» that they might recover them. ' After all, it muft be faid, that this Magnificence, and the number of thefe Palaces and Gardens, are the beft and tnoft commendable effeft of Mrary Go- be this Kings Riches, and the extream Poverty of the People ? R,r it is faid, that eyery 3 yeaï ™"eh oftner, be IJ If, tlie Nation in his Coffers 5 To that there is a neceffity he fhould havl . P^- and incredible ways of expending ,t, that it may have its due Circulation amongft the T>eopie. < . • j A Journey to Paris.' 217 ^•1 But when this vaft Wealth and Power. ÎS turned to the Difturbance and Deftru- % dion of Mankind, it is terrible ; and yet f it hath its ufe too : We and all Europe ® have been taught, by the Induftry of f this great King, mighty Improvements in War 5 fo that Europe has been tliefe ® 12 years an Over-match for the Turt^^- ® and we for France by the continuation of *•'1 the War. The 40 Millions Sterling V' which the late War hath, and will coft P, England, before all is paid, was well be- si, flowed, if it had been for no other end, ■ti than to teach us the full ufe and pradice at ■ of War ^ and in that Point to eqiial us with our Neighbours. Ü! It was obferved by Eolybius of the Ro~ efi [mans, that wherever they met with an li Enemy, that had better Weapons than II' themfelves, they changed with them ^ in This Docility gained them the Empire ^ of the’World. On the contrary, thofe È late Eaftern Tyrants have defpifed !, Learning, and confequently muft fubmit t. to the more refined Valour of I ; fay, the Effects of Arbitrary Govern¬ ment, both in War and Peace, are Stu- péndious. The Roman Emperour^, becaufe abfb- lute Lords of the People, far out-did ithe Commonwealth ' in Magnificent Build- ■ ■' • ings. ai8 A Journey to Vzxlsi ii^s, both Publick and Private. Au- gujl$fs left Rome a. Marble City, which he found of Brick only. Nero burnt it and rebuilt it, and a Golden Palace for himfelf, li^EC a City. Vejpatian and Titus built Amphitheaters and Baths far furpaffing any Buildings now upon the fece of the JSartib^ in one of which 120000 Perfons might fee and hear, and be feated with more convenience, than upon our Stages. Adrian vifited moft parts of the World, on purpofe to build Cities. Trajan had his Name on every Wall, which he either reftored, or built. His Pillar and Bridge over the Danube are Stupendious Monu¬ ments of his Expences. The Ægj/ptîan Kings built them Monu¬ ments, wherein they flaved their whole Nation, and which are the Wonders of the World to this day, the Obelisks I mean, and Pyramids. The Afiatick^ Empereurs of China and Japan have outdone the Europeans in this kind of immenfe Buildings, as the Wad in^ China, the Cut Rivers and Sluces and Bridges there. In Japan the Buildings are no lefs incredibly great. Of this Abfolute Dominion we have Examples even in thofe two American Empires, of Mexico .anà Peru. In this laft, meer Nature forc’t Impoffibilities with- A Journe)! to 21^ -without Art, Tools, or Science. The Cufco Fortrefs was a Mafter-piece, where Stones were laid upon Stones, which no Engine of ours could carry, or raife up ^ or Tools better polifti, and fit together 5 where a Country near as big as all Eu¬ rope^ was turned into a Garden, and cul¬ tivated better than Verfiii/es^ and Water- Works brought to Pjay and overfpread forue thoufands of miles, where it never Rains. This was the only Arbitrary Gor vernment well applied to the good of Mankind, I ever met with in Hiftory 5 where Roads and Store-houfes of Food, and Raiment were the Guides, and num- bred the miles for the Travellers, and the whole Empire turned into an ufeful and intelligible Map. As for die Turks, Eerfians, and Mûgut, the whole Empire is intended folely for the Pleafure of one Man ^ and here even Tyranny it felf is foully abufed. Yet I ftiould be loth to fee them in any kind exemplified in England. In our happy Ifland we fee fuch Palaces and Gardens, as are for the Health and Eafe of Man only 5 and what they want in Magnificence, they have in Neatnefs. There is not fuch a thing as a Gravel Walk in or about nor a Rowler of any fort i when it Rains the Tuilleries ~ ^ ^ are 220 1/4 Journey to Pan's. are Hiut up, and one walks in Dirt fonie days after. The Grafs Plots, or, as they call them Borx>Uttg Greensy are as ill kept they clip them and beat them with flat Beaters as they do their Walks. This puts tne in mind of what I faw in the Garden o the Prince of Conde in Paris i where there was a Grafly Circle of about 4 fœt wide round-one of the Fountains m the middle of the Garden ; to keep this down, and make it of a finer Turf, the Çardner Teathered two Black Lambs, ai^^ two White Ktds, at equal diftances, which fed upon it. What ever the effea was, I thought it lookt pretty enough - and the little Animals were as Ornamen- tal, as the Grafs. , All Jhe Paintings and Prints made of ™ake him look very old ; which m my mind is not fo, tor he IS plump in the Face, and is well coloured and feems healthy, and eats and drinks heartily, which I faw him do, Zmti Î* 'Piury to him, and the Dauphin, orworfe. -Ihis isthemeaneft Compliment I have known the French guilty of to- Xre ; for 'here are every where Expreffions of an other nature all oyer Pans. See Tie Defeription of pJis •where th^ are colledled and it largj The A Journey to Paris. The Romans under Atiguftsss, (thefirftAb- folute Mafter of that People, as this King is of the French') had upon this Subjeâ: from the People a much finer thought, and wifti, Dc noflrts annis tibi Jupiter au¬ geat annos. However it be, the King feems not to like VerfaiUes fo well as he did 5 and has an Opinion, that the Air is not fo good, as ellewhere ^ he leaves it ( as I laid ) every week on Tuefday night, and goes moftly to Marli^ or Meudon, and fome- times to the Trianon^ which is but at die end of the Gardens, and returns not to VerfaiUes till Saturday nigt^ : Befides his extraordmary removes to Fontainbleau. I wonder no body puts him in mind of that Paradife of France, Languedoc, where he may be with eafe in 4 days, at the Rate that Kings ufe to Travel. I had this Difcourfe at Table with one of die In- trodufteurs to the Ambafladour at Vet- failles but he could not bear it, it being againft the Intereft of all fettled Courts to remove, though it were never lb good for their Princes Health. I remember but of one Inftance in Hiftory, and that was Aurenzcbc the Great Mogul, who in his middle Age fell defperately fick, and long languilht at Labor ^ but took Advice of ibme body about him, and went in 22 222 A Journey to Paris. his own Kingdom a progrefs of looo miles to Cajîmîre, a very mild and tem¬ perate Climate, where he recovered, and lived to almoft a ico years old. The king now feldom or never Plays, but contents himfelf fometimes with look¬ ing on 3 but he hath formerly been en¬ gaged, and has loft great Sums. Mon- fieuf S. Rookt him of near a Million of Livers at Baffet, by putting falfe Cards upon him 3 but was imprifoned and ba- niftit for it fome years. Before I give over the Bufinefs of Gar¬ dens and Countrey, I will add fome Re¬ marks, which feemed particular and new to me. In the Kitchin Gardens at and neaf Paw, are a great number of Avricock. Standards but kept low 3 very full of Bloflbms, and good Bearers. They make a Conferve of the Fruit 5 which I like above any of their Wet Sweetmeats 3 it was made by cutting them into thin flices, and throwing a- way the Stone 3 which our People fpare fometimes, and leave in the Flelh intire, and fpoils the Sweetmeat, and lets it a fretting. They P A Journey to Paris. 223 They imploy the Stones in Brandy, and diftil them in Spirits. In the beginning of April we had ftore of Sparagrafs, but they were often fo bitter, to me at leaft, that there was little pleafure in eating them. Tis certain they were much worfe, than ours in England in that particular. Which puts me in mind of the Wild Sparagrafs, which grows plentifully with us on the SeaCo^ in Ltncolnjhire, This is very fair to the Eye 5 yet no culture of our Gardens, by often tranfplanting, could make it eat¬ able. I fancy the Sparagrafs recovers fome- thingof its natural force in a warmer Cli¬ mate 5 for the fweet is as it were degene¬ rated. If they would have them good here, they «uft renew the Seed from England or Holland. The Wild Sparagrafs of Languedoc is another Plant called Corruda. I procured out of Languedoc a fort of Er£cox Vine, about 50 Plants, by the Clermont Carrier ; the which I gave to Mr. London, our Kings Gardner, for my Lord Ambalfador. This Grape is White, very thin Skinn’d, and clear as a drop of Water 5 it is ufually ripe at St. Johns- mafs in July at Montpellier, where it is called Des Unies. There 224 ^ Journey to Paris. There are alfo in this Town Praecox Grapes^ as Dr. Turafort told me, in the Phyfick Garden 3 but whether the fame with the Unks^ I know not. I have faid they delight much in Figs in Pots or Cafes ^ but here is another way of preferving the Fig Trees fet in the Ground, which is much praftifed 5 and that is to lap, and tie them up in long Straw, from top to bottom 5 for which they are placed at a little diftance from the Walls. This alfo is pradifed to fuch Trees as hand in the middle of the Par¬ terre 5 they did not open them till Mid- Mdy. The Exotic Trees, which the Panfians moft delight in, for their Garden Walks, and for the Shade in thei^ Courts, are the Maroniers, or Horfe Chefmts^ of which they* have innumerable ; for the Fruit ripens very well here, and comes up of it felf. Alfo the Acacia. Rovim^ which is very common, and makes pretty Alleys, and which they lop and turn to Pollards^ with good effecd ^ but of thefe laft the Leaves are late in putting forth, it being the 15th of May our Syle, when thefe Trees were fcarce green. May 25, when I took my Leave of Monfieur Valliant, I found him in his Flower Garden 3 he (hewed me a Parcel of A Journey to Paris. : of Ranimatlus's, in full Flower, which he ^ had received but two years before from Coffjidntinople 5 They were very beautiful and rare, at leaft fuch as I had never ^ feen ^ as pure White, White and Green, ® White and Strip’t with Carnation, Pure ^ Carnation or Rofe-colour, Strip’t Carna- tion, &c. Of thefe he had fold fome a Piftol a Root, and hoped in a year or two to be *>' more plentifully ftock’t with them, that ii' he might afford them cheaper. I did fee afterwards a few of them in the Royal Pfpif/erie, and alfo in the Seedfman’s Gar¬ den, Monfieur le Febre 5 but both came » from him. s, I alfo took notice of his Iron Cradles 5 or Hoops over his Beds, which were re- li; movable, and to be made higher and it’ lower, according to the height and na- f ture of the Floors they were defigned to i cover. This, me-thoughts, was far be- , ; yond all the Inventions of Wooden Co¬ vers, and might with Sail-Cloths and Mats well ferve for a fort of portable I Green Houfe, to the lefs tender Plants. ’ I faw Le Febre's Flower Garden Mifj' 9 ' ; The Tulips were in their prime 5 indeed, he had a very large and plentiful Col- ledfion. The Panacheé or Strip’t Tulips ■were many, and of great variety. He obferved 26 A Journey to Paris. obferved to me, that from his large and numerous Beds of felf-flowerd Tulips, that is, of one colour, as Red, Yellow, &c, they expedVed yearly fome Stript ones, which if perfecf, that is, ftrip’t in all the fix Leaves, would but doubtfully continue, and perhaps return to their former ftate the next year 5 but if they laboured, or did not finifh the ftripings of all the fix Leaves the firft year, there were better hopes of their continuing in that ftate. Though I had no mind to defcend into the Stone Pits, which are like our Mines, Well-fafhion, and the Stones wound up with great Wheels, to husband the Soil over them : Yet I went to Fanre, 5 miles from the Town, which is a ridge of Hills that runs along to theObfirvatoire. Here the Qiiarries are open on the fide of the Hill,as with us. In thofe I obferved 2 or 5 layers of Stone, 2 or 5 foot thick, moftly made up of Shells, or Stones in the fajldon of Shells. Amongft thefe Shell-ftones the moft remarkable "for bignefs was a certain fmootli and long Bnccintim, taperingwith vtxy many fpires. I meafured one whofe firft fpire was 8 inches diameter, the full length I could not fo well come at ^ yet holding proportion with thofe of the kind which lay flat, and which we could lec in their full length, it muft have been A Journey io Paris. a foot long at leaft. There is no Bucn- mm in any of our Seas a quarter fo big« Here are many of this Species. Alfo other large Turbinated Stones,which come near fome of the Weji-I^dia Kinds of Mu- jic Shel/t, of which Genus yet there are none in the European Seas. Thefe Layers of Stone mixt with Shell- figured bodies, are at certain diftances in the Rock, and other Rocks void of Shells interpofed. Fanciful Men may think what they pleafe of this matter ; fure I am, until the Hiftory of Nature, and more parti¬ cularly that of Minerals and Foffils is better lookt into, and more accurately diftinguilht, all Reafoning is in vain. It is to be obferved, where Men are moft in the dark, there Impudence reigns moft, as upon this Subjeft ; They are not con¬ tent fairly to diflènt, but to infult every body elfe. In like manner upon theSub- jeft of Mineral Waters 5 How many Scriblers have there been, without any knowledge of Foffils ? I know not whether it be worth the not¬ ing, but it ftiews the Humour of the French, that I faw in fome Country Towns near Earis, the Church Wall near the top, had a two foot broad Mourning Lift, which compaflèd the whole Church like a 2 Girdle, 228 A Journey to Paris. Girdle, and on this was at certain di* fiances, painted the Arms of the Lord of the Mannor, who was dead, I (hall conclude, what I have to fay further, with the Air of Park, and the State of Health and Phyfic there. The Air of Park is drier than that of England ,, notwithftanding the greateft part of the City is placed in a dirty miry Level 3 The Muddy Banks of the River Seine witnels this 3 alfo the old Lidin Name of Paris, Lutetia 3 but fbme of them are unwilling to derive it from Lu¬ tum 3 though there are feveral other Towns in France, formerly more confi- derable than it, of that very Name 3 but from the Greek, Original, as Talon, Toloufa, which in that Language fignifie Black Dirt. We have an undoubted Experi¬ ment of the different Temper of the Air in our Philofophic Tranfadlions 3 where it is demonftrated, that there falls twice as much Rain in England, as at Paris ^ Re- gifters of both having carefully been kept, for fo many years,both here and in France. From this quantity of Rain \l^ith us, our Fields are much greener 5 and it was a pleafing furprife to me at my return, Ikilingup theRjji^er of Thames, to fee our gre«i A Journey to Paris. green Fields and Paftures on every fide 5 but we pay dearly for it, in Agues and Çoughs, and Rheumatick Diftempers. The Winter was, very rude and fierce, as was ever known in the Memory of Man 5 The cold Winds very piercing 5 and the Common People walk the Streets all in Mouffes, and Multitudes had little Br 4 fs Kettles of Smallcoal kindled, hang¬ ing on their Arms 5 and yet you (hould fcarce hear any one Cougn. . I never faw a Mill: at Paris in the 6 months I ftaid there, but one ; though a very broad River runs through the middle of the City, nor any very ftrong Winds ^ but this may be accidental, and the Tem¬ per of fonie one year by chance. We were very fenfible by the 20th of February our Style, though t the Nights were cold, and the White Frofts great in the Mornings, that the Sun at Noon had a much ftronger force and heat, than with us, at that time of the year. Another Argument, of the Diynefs of the Air 3 tParis, we had from the alterati¬ on of Health ; fuch as were thick Breath¬ ed, and Cought and Spit much, foon re¬ covered f and the infenfible perfpiration of the Skin was fo clear and free, that the Kidneys had little to do^ fo that it was obferved by ihoft, that though we 0,3 22^ 230 A Journey to drank pretty freely of the thin Wiiies of Champagne and Burgundy, yet they never broke our fleep to get Ihut of them 5 and that very little palled that way in the morning. Laftly, a fign of the Drinefs and great goodnefs of the Air of Parts is, the vaft number of Iron Bars all over the City 5 which yet are moftly intire, and the leaft decayed with Ruft, I ever faw in any place ; whereas ours in London are all in a few years all over rufty, and miferably eaten. H'ater. We wcrc fufBciently alarmed at our firft coming to Paris, with the unwhole- Ibmenefs of the River and cautioned againft drinking it ^ and yet it was al- moft impollible to avoid the bad effefts of it, for within the month two thirds of the Family fell into Fluxes, fome into Dyfenteries, and fome very ill of it. The French that come out of other re¬ mote Countreys fuffer as well as the Stran¬ gers. W'e were told boiling it was a good Remedy to prevent its Griping Qua- , lily 5 but that is a meer Notion, for we know Mineral Waters boiledhave a ftronger effect, ahd this quality can pro¬ ceed from nothing lefs, ( r . f- : r . - : ’ The 231 A Journey to Paris. The Well Waters here are much worfe than the River Waters, becaufe more Mineral. But our fafety was in the Water brought from the Maifon des Eaux, where the Aqueduft of Arcueil empties it felf to Terve the great Palaces and City Fountains. The Difeafe of the Dyfentery being one of the moft common in Paris, the moft celebrated Drug for its cure is now the Hypopecouana 5 though I never once made ufe of it to any of our People, but<»'»<»- cured them all as foon, and as well with our ufual Remedies. Indeed they have great need of it here, for the poorer fort of People, through ill Diet, this Wa¬ ter, and Herbs, are ver3r fubjeâ: to it 5 This Root is faid to cure it with as much certainty, and as readily, as the Jefuits Powder an Ague ; Of this moft of the Phyficians and Apothecaries agreed. They give it in Powder from 10 grains to 40, which is the largeft Dofe. It moft commonly Vomits, and fometimes Purges, but both gently. Tis fold here from 20 to 50 Crowns a Pound. They divide it into 4 forts, according to its goodnefs. Q 4 Ano- 2^2 A Journey to Paris. Another popular Difeafe here is the The State. Stof/e and there are Men well praftifed in the Cutting for it. There are alfo two Hofpitals, where great numbers are cut yearly, as La Charité., and HoJiel-DieUy in both of thefe there are Wired Chefts full of Stones cut from Human Bodies 5 and in theCheftof Charité is one,which exceeds all belief 5 it was cut from a Monk, who died in the very Operation 5 it is as big as a Childs Head. It is but the Mo- dd or Patern of the Stone which is kept in the Cheft ^ which has this infeription on it. Figure & grojjettr de la pierre y pe faut 51 ounces y epii font trois limes trok ounces , qui a ejié tirte dans cet Hojpital m smk de Juin 1690, que VoH conferve dans le couvent de la Charité. But that which I (hall here moft infift upon is the new Tway, praftifed by Lere JaqueSy a Monk. About the 20th of April he cut in the Hofel-Dieu 10 in left than an hours time : The ^d day after, all were hearty and without pain but one. He 4 Journey to Paris. ; He cuts both by the grand and little 1 ( Appareil 5 in both he boldly thrufts in a i broad Lancet or Stilleto into the middle i) of the Mufcle of the Thigh near the Œ till he pins the Catheter or Staff, or the * Stone betwixt his Fingers 5 then he wi- i dens the incifion of the Blader inpror 3 portion to the Stone with a Silver 0 v 4 i floop 5 if that will not do, he tbrufts in if his 4 Fingers, and tears it wider ^ then s with the Ducks Bill he draws it out. i I fee him cut a fécond time in the Ho- m fiel-Dku '^ and he performed it upon 9 5 i Perfons in 5 quarters of an hour, very dexteroufly.' He feemed to venture at all 5 and put me into fome diforder with 5, the’ cruelty of the Operation ^ and a m ftouter BngUfljffSiin than my Celf. How- Î ever I vifited them all in their Beds, and iji found them more amazed, than in Jacfuescat alfo his way in the other f, Hofpital La Charite, much about the fame time II at twice. Here Monfieur AUr- ,f Jhal, the beft of die Surgeons for this c Operation now in P ark , harangu d againft him before the Governors, who coldly ; anfwered, they would be determined by the Event, which way was beft. Atqm 2^4 ^ Journey to Paris, Atyue hoc rathm Fæmm/f Calculi offtmm fmlhmeex^trtnr'j mmpe fcalpeUo intra va^ gittam tUeri in veficam adaSlo. - Of thofe cut in La Charité one died - and being dilTeded, it was found he had his Bladder pierced in 4 or 5 places 5 alfo thG mfcHlur Pfius fadly mangled r alfo the left Veficttlée Seminales cut. Notwithftanding this, if this Method was well executed by a Skilful Hand, it might be of good ufe to Mankind. This way of Cutting for the Stone, puts me in mind of what I formerly writ and publilht in thcPhiLTranfaHions about Cutting above the Os Pubis, in the Fund of the Bladder. Alfo of that Experiment of Cutting for the Stone of an Alderman of Don- cajier in the Gluteus Major^ he was twice cut in the fame place, and out-lived both. 1 law the firfl: Stone, which was very wrge, and in fome meafure tranfparent Cryftal Hke. This Experiment is Printed in L)r. WiUtes Scarborough Sparo^ 14 years ’“ft. and is * fair him for this Method. » A Journey to Parish 23$ Since my return I had a Letter from Mr. Prohk^ a very Learned and Induftri- ous young Gentleman, who was with me to fee the Operation, that part relating to this Matter i (hall here tranfcribc. Indeed, I mightily longed for an Account of this Matter, the fuccefs of which I came away too foon to learn any thing for certain. Parb, Aug- 2 - ^8. Ere JaqueV deputation miphtily ii out of Forty five that he cut at the Ho- ftel-Dieu, but fixteen of them furvive ^ atd ffP Pjifteteeft tti the Chante, but eleven^ -tk has py^aSifed at the Hojpitals at Lyons, but^ ytk faidy tvith roorfe fuccefs than at I ant fenfible he has got abundance of Ene¬ mies, which makps me very often quefiion, Tohat I may hear Jaid of himi Dr. Fagon, the Kings Phyfician, told Dr. Turnfort, when he went to prefent his Book^to him, that -he had cut Seven ta S/qxÇÆçs, and that fix of them are alive, and as well as if never fut. The Perfon that died was fo Difiem- - pered, that he was not expelled to live, and *twas thought,, if he had not been cut, he httd not lived fo long : The Surgeons have a great mind to cry down the Mm, .. praHife 2^6 A Joumy to Park pralftfe hk Method. For Marfhal has û„ce cja after Pere Jaque’/ Manner., only xcith this dtferewe, that Marftial’/ Catheter 0;^ smiled he Rue, the fécond Surgeon of the Chanty Hofpital cut after the old Manner td m fame time when Marfhal cut Pere ^5 for ad that MarOial cj are altve and wry wed, whereas the other lo(i one or two of hk number:, befdes, tljofe that lived t^re not fo fon cu/d, no, not by a month or fix weeky. Xhus fàf Mr, Probie, The Pm here is the great Bufinefs of ae Town 5 a Difeafe which in fome mea- lure hath contributed to the ruine of Phylic^ here, as in London. This Secret Service hath introduced little Contenipti^ We Animals of all forts into Bufinefs, and hath given them occafion to infult Fa¬ milies, after they had once the know- Jedge of thefe Misfortunes. And it is for this reafon the Quacks here, as with us ^ CIO thrive vaftly into great Riches beyond Phyficians, by treating pri¬ vately thefe Calamities. It was a pleafant Diverfion to me to md upon the Walls every whereabout toe Town but niore p^ticularly in the Bills Printed m great Uncial Letters. As, 'A Journey to Parish 257 As, De par V ordre dn Roy. Remde infallibk & cmtmode pour la geri- fin des maladies ficretes fins garder U chambre* Another, Rar permijjton de Roy* Manniere très alfee ^ ires fire pour guérir Jans incommodité^ & fans que perjone en appercoive, les maladies veneriennesy &c. Another, Rar privilege du Roy. t'Antivenerien de medicih Indien^ pour toutes les maladies venmennes y telles qums pui/Rnt ejlrey fins aucun retour, & fans guarder la chambre. Il ejl tres commode qjs' le plus agréable de monde. Another, Remede affure de Sieur de la Brune privilege du Roy, &c. fins quon fiit contraint Æ garder la chambre, &c. ' ^ 7 - 338 Apêtheca- Ttes Shops, A Journey to Pads." By thefe Bills it is evident, there is yet >c a certain Modefty and Decorum left in Hi the Concealing this Difeafe, even a- mongft the Frënch ^ They would be if Cured fecretly, and as though nothing c were doing 5 which thofe Wretches high- ly proniife. But this is that Handle » which gives thofe mean People an occa- û fion to infult their Reputation, and injure ® them in their Health for ever. ri Every body here puts their helping if Hand, and meddles with the Cure of it this Difeafe, as Apothecaries, Barbers, itt Women, and Monks ^ yet I did not find to by all the inquiry I could make, that they had other Remedies than we. Nay, there is fomething pradtifed in the Cure of this Diftemper in England^ which they at Ç Parfs^ know nothing of 5 but this old Verfe if forbids metpfay any thingfurther. le Artem fudere proto^mi^ tpum faSites,, J The Apothecaries Shops are neat enough, t' if they were but as well ftored with Me- v dicines ^ and fome are very finely adorn- i ed, and have an Air of greatnefs, as that i of Monfieur Geofferie, who has been 1 Provofi des Merchands, in the Rue Burte- t bur where the Entry to the Baffe Cour is a i ort~cochîer,vfïth. Vafa’s of Copper in the < Niches ^of the VVindows j within are i * ‘ Rooms A Journey to Paris. 23^ )t Rcx)ms adorned with huge Vafa’s and in Mortors of Brafs, as well for fight, as for a- ufe. The Drugs and Compofitions are k kept in Cabinets difpofed round the ’iîf Room. Alfo Laboratories backwards in 1 ^- great perfeftion and neatnefs. I muft É needs commend this Gentleman for his IC& Civility towards me 5 and for his Care ijm; in Educating his Son, who came over with Count Tallard^ a moft Hopeful and pij§ Learned Young Man ^ whom our Society eot at Grejham-Colkdge, at my Requeft, ho- )ei3i noured with admitting him Fellow, ac- (iii cording to his Defers là to sn rti- rii tk aK I had the opportunity of Converfing with many of the Phyficians in this Ci¬ ty 5 who all agree in the low Condition and Difefteem it was in, from the bound- lefs Confidence and intruding of (Quacks, Women, and Monks. Monfieur d’Jct/i», the late chief Phyfician, has been ill thought on for taking Money, and gi¬ ving proteftion to thefe fort of Cattle ^ but the chief Phyfician now, Monfieur Fagûf/, is a Man of great Honour and Learning, and very defirous to promote the Art¬ it is here as with us, fome pradife out of meet vanity, others to make a Penny any way to get Bread. The caufe of ail ■' ' this A Journey to Paris. this IS, I think, the great Confidence People have of their own Skill, an ar- rôgance without thinking. To pafs à Judgment upon Cures, ànd the good and evil pfaftice of Phyfick, without doubt is one of the niceft things, even to Men of the Faculty 5 but a Jury, that is,» the very Ordinary Men in EftgUnd^ are fuffered now to undertake the Queftion j when I may truly fay, that I have ever found, no difparagement to them, the moft Learned Men of the Nation, the moft miftaken in thefe Matters 5 and can it be otherwife in fo Conjectural an Art, when we our felves fcarce know, when we have done ill or well. Another caufe of the low Efteem of Phyfick here, are the forry Fees that are given to Phyficians ^ which makes that Science not worth the Application and Study. The King indeed is very liberal, as in all things elfe, in his Penfions to his chief Phyfician, and gives his Chil¬ dren good Preferments. Alfo Mr. Bur delot y who is alfo well f*enfioned, and lodged at VerfaiUes, Phy- fician to the Dutchefs of Burgundy y a Learned Man 5 he is perfeftly well Skill’d in the Hiftory of Phyfick ^ and we may fhortly (as he told me) expeft from him, another Supplement to Fauder Lindeny of many ><1 [( II. -I , I > 1 ! ri 0I|' fe \ IE HI: 31 «; so. oil Oli al, to il‘ i 1 fi Î, I i . A Journey to Paris. niany thoufand Volumes, which have eicaped that Catalogue, and are not ac¬ counted for. Monfieur, and the Dauphin, and all the Princes of the Blood, have their Do- meftick Phyficians 5 Ibme of whom I knew, as Monfieur Arlot, Monfieur Mi~ to the Prince of Conty^ of my ac¬ quaintance formerly at Montpelier. The Two Marins very Learned Men - alfo Monfieur Grimodet^ Others have the practice of Nunneries and Convents, which gives them Bread 5 others have Parilhes 5 and fome fuch Shifts they make ; but all is wrong with them , and very little incouragemeiit given to the Faculty. April 14. the Prince of Conty fent his Gentleman and Coach at mid-night to fetch me to his Son, and to bring with me the late King Charles‘s Drops to give him. This was a very hafty call. I told the Meflènger, I was the Prince’s very humble Servant 5 but for any Drops or other Medicines I had brought nothing at all with me, and had ufed only fuch as I found in their Shops, for all the oc- cafions I had had to ufe any. I defired he would tell him, that I was ready to Confult with his Phyficians upon his Sons Sicknefs, if he pleafed to command me, R but 241 242 A Journey to Paris. but for coming upon any other Account I defired to be excufed 5 but I heard no more of the Matter, and the young Prince died. By this it is evident, there is as falfe a Notion of Phyfick in this Coun-^ try, as with us ^ and that it is here alfo^ thought a Knack, more than a Science or Method ^ and little Chimical Toys, the Bijous of Quacks, are mightily in requeft. This Herefie hath poflèlïèd the moft think* ing, as well as the ignorant part of Man¬ kind ^ and for this we are beholden to the late vain Expofitors of Nature, who have mightily inveighed againft and un¬ dervalued the ancient Greeks Phyficians, in whofe Works only this Art is to be learnt, imlefs fingle Perfons could live over as many Ages, as thofe Wife Men did. Men are apt to prefcribe to their Phy- fician, before he can poffibly tell, what he fhall in his Judgment think fitting to give ^ ’tis well if this was in Negatives only ; but they are prejudiced by the impertinence of the Age, and our Men, who ouglit to Ccnverfe with the Patient and his Relations with Prognofticks only, which are the honour of Phyfick, and not play the Philofopher by fanciful and pre¬ carious Interpretations of the Nature of Difeafes and Medicinies, to gain a fort of Credit A Journey to Paris. Credit with the Ignorant 5 and fuch cer¬ tainly are all thofe that have not ftudied Phyfick thoroughly, and in earncft. Thofe Drops were delifed of me by zither Perfons of Quality, as the Princefs the Duchefs of BouUott^ Mon- \^eur Sefac, &c. and having bethought my felf how my Mafter, the late King Charles^ had communicated them to me, and (hewed me very obligingly the Pro- cefs himfelf, by carrying me alone with him into his Elaboratory at WfiitehaU^ while it was Diftilling. Alfo Mr. Che- utfis another time (hewed me the Mate¬ rials for the Drops in his Appartment newly brought in, in gre^t quantity, that is, Raw Silk: I caufed the Drops to be made here. Alfo I put Dr. Tamfort upon making of them ^ which he did in perfedion, by Diftilling the fineft Raw Silk he could get. For my part I was fur- prifed at the Experiment often repeated, having never tried it before. One Pound of Raw Silk yielded an incredible quanti¬ ty of Volatil Salt, and in proportion the fineft Spirit I ever tafted and that which recommends it is, that it is when rectified, of a far more pleafant fraell,than that which comes from Sal Armoniackor Hartftiorne^ and the Salt refined and cohobated with any well fcçnted Chimical Oil, makes the R 2 Kings 243 3144 A Journey to l^aris. î Kings Salt, as its ns’d to be called. Thiè : my Lord Anibalïàdor gave me leave to i prefent in his Name ^ and the Dodor j now fupplies thofc which want. Silk, li indeed -is nothing elfe, but a dry jelly I from the Infed Kind, and therefore Very ' O^rdial and Stomachick no doubt. The I Arabians were wife, and knowing in the Materia Medica, to have put it in their AJkern/es. This fnufl: be faid for the Honour of this King, that he has ever given great Encouragements for ufeful Di^coveries in all Kinds, and particularly in Phyfick. Tis well known he bought the Secret of the Jefuits Powder, and made it pub- lick ; as he lately did that of the Hypo- cocana. To Conclude, it was my good Fortune here to have a Bundle of "Original Pa- J P^ts of Sir Theodore May erne, and his Friends, who Cerrefponded with him, prefented me by the Reverend Dr. Wickar, Dean of Winchejler, who Marrying his Kinfwoman found them amongft other Writings of Law Matters. I have not yet had the leifure to perufe them, but ‘ thole who know the W’orth of that great Man, will defire they may be made pub- ^ lick 5 which if they are, they lhall come forth A Journey to Paris. forth intire, and not difguifed, as fome of his other Papers have been, to the great detriment of Phyfick 5 and 1 think it is the firft Example of this Nature, that Pofthumous Papers were ever abre- viated, and made what they never were, before an intlre and full pumicatiop. 245 F I 3^ I S. BOOKS Printed for facob Tonfon at the fudges Head near the Inner-Temple-Gate in Fleetjlreet^ and at Grafs- Inn-Gate in Gray s-Inn-Lane, T he Poetical Wor^ of Mr. John Mil- ton, containing, Paradife Loft, Pa- ^dife Regain’d, Sampfon Agoniftes, and hk Poems on feveral Occajions, together roith Explanatory Notes on each Eook^ of the Pa¬ radife Loft, and a Table never before Printed. The Worlds of that Famous Englifh Poet M-.Edmond Spencer,TOz., The Fairy Queen The Shepherds Calendar, The Hift. of Ire¬ land, See. with an Account of hk Life, and fierai Pieces of hk never Printed till the Tear 1^79. Love Epijîles Tranjîated into F.ng - lim^ the E.ofMxxXgsaMQ, Carr Scrope, Mr. Dryden, and feveral Eminent Hands, ado^ d with feveral Copper Cuts. The Odes, Satyrs, and Epiflies of Horace, oSorT^ Englifli bji Mr. Creçch of Mifcelany A Catalogue of Books. Mifcelany Poemt, contdntng a. new Tran- jflatton o/Virgil’s Eclogues,