This is a reproduction of a book from the McGill University Library collection. Title: Loyalty to our King, the safety of our country : against all popish emissaries and pretenders; and ... King George the second proved to be ... the unica salus of this nation. Publisher, year: London : M. Cooper, 1745 The pages were digitized as they were. The original book may have contained pages with poor print. Marks, notations, and other marginalia present in the original volume may also appear. For wider or heavier books, a slight curvature to the text on the inside of pages may be noticeable. ISBN of reproduction: 978-1-926846-03-3 This reproduction is intended for personal use only, and may not be reproduced, re-published, or re-distributed commercially. For further information on permission regarding the use of this reproduction contact McGill University Library. McGill University Library www.mcgill.ca/library LOYALTY o u r K I N G, &c. ["Price Sir-pence,] LOYALTY TO OUR KING, The SAFETY of our COUNTRY, AGAINST ALL Popish Emiflaries AND PRETENDERS • And His Moft Sacred Majesty King GEORGE the Second Proved to be, from the Laws of God, Reafon , and True Religion , the Unica Sal u s of this Nation, and the Protejlant Caufe. Serioujly addrefs’d to the Perufal and impartial Judgment of every Honest Brjton. LONDON: Printed for M. Cooper, in Pater-nojler Row. 1745,. [Price Six-pence.] PREFACE TO THE READER. FTER all the fignal Deli- verances God hath vouch - fafed to theje Britifh Ijland$ y and the many eminent . Ap- pearances of Divine Providence from the Time of the Revolution even to this Day y one would think no P rot eft ant (hould repine at the happy and advan- tageous Change 9 from an arbitrary to a legal Monarchy \ hut reckon it a Felicity to live in thefe Days , when the Britifh Diadem is worn by a Proteftant King 7 defce?iding to Him by Natural & 2 Eighty Preface to the Reader. Right , on the Demife of His Royal Father , who was folemnly invited to the Throne of thefe Realms by the una- nimous V oice and loud Applaufe of the whole Nation. And it may with great Truth be faid, that at the ‘Time of that happy Revolution , which freed us from Popery and arbitrary Sway, and on which Principles the Britifh Crown is now eflablifld d oji the Head of His pre- fent Moft Sacred Majefty, our Fore- fathers , till then, had never bought their Liberty at fo cheap a Rate tho a few obftinate Men might at that Time , and perhaps flnce, flight and de- fpifc it, as if Liberty could never be good without wading thro a Scene of Blood to obtain it. Nor will it be im- proper to remark, that as we commend our Forefathers, for ftanding up for their Rights and Privileges , without which we Jhould have been Slaves to this Day, fo likewife, I hope, we fhall never Preface to the Reader. never condemn one another for the fame Things if ever (which GOD forbid) our Religion , infinitely more dear to us than a few worldly Liber - ties, Jloould happe?i to lie at Stake. And even a Thought , much more the affording any Sort of Afjiftance in Fa- vour of a Popijh hnpojlor, to ufurp the Crown of theje Realms , would be trai- terous and unnatural to the lafi De- gree ; the Confequence whereof could be nothing lefs than the mofl abjeEl State of Slavery , and the total Subverfion of the Proteflant Religion in England, as well as endangering it throughout the World. It is therefore with a fincere View to caution the Unwary and too Credu- lous againfl the Delufions which might bring about fo fatal a Catafirophe upon us , and our Pofierity , and to affert the undeniable Right of the prefent Royal Family to the Crown of Great Britain, Preface to the Reader. that the following little Tra& is feri- oujly offered to the Perufal and Confe- deration of all honed Britons. And agreeable to the Reception it may meet with from the judicious Part of Mankind , or the leafl Influence it may have in rooting out any Sort of Prejudice which may pojfebly remain in the Minds of a few unthinking Men , the Author will very floor tly lay before the Publick feme farther Obfervations on the true Policy and Maxims of Go- vernment , as a Proof beyond all rea - fonable Contradict ion ^ that paternal Authority is no abfolute Authority ; and that the Primitive Chriftians } as well as ProteflantSj in all Ages ? did refifl and dethrone their tyrannical Emperors and Princes, and lawfully fet up others in their Stead. On this Principle it is, to His Pre- fent Majefly we now owe the Preferva- tion of our True Religion, Rights , and Privi - Preface to the Reader. , Privileges , as Free-born Englifhmen, as well as every other Bleffng of the like Kind , dear and valuable to m. And as the fame Security , and pecu- liar Happinefs , can only be handed down ^ to our Poflerity , by a k faithful AffeElion and unfhaken Zeal to Him and His lUuftrious Family , every Bri- ton will , I hope, jl and forth with Heart and Hand to efpoufe His Caufe againfl all Popijh Emiflaries and Pretenders, whenever they prefume y by Threats, Artifice, or open Violence, to approach the Throne of thefe Realms — Nor is he a true Englishman, or defer'ves the Name of a Briton, who dares not thus exert himfelf Jhould the leaf Oc- cafon offer in fuch a Caufe . - — — The Caufe of Religion, Liberty, King, and Country ! May the Great and Powerful King of all Kings , and abfolute Ruler of every Monarch on Earthy fhield and defend Preface to the Reader. defend His Moji Sacred Majefty from every Attempt of His open and fecret Enemies \ and preferve His Life to Rule among us , many and many Years to come : — And when Heaven is pleafed to f natch Him from us, may His Au- gujl Family furvive to the fame Go- vernment of a Free and Happy People to the moji dijlant Ages , when Time JhaU be no more. In a W ord, — May Britons perpe- tually unite on every Occafion to avow their Loyalty and Allegiance towards Them and the True Proteflant Caufe # — - May Prince and People become ce- mented together in the fame Bonds of cordial AjfeSlion and Inter eft ? recipro- cal to Both, — on which alone mufi ever depend the Honour , Dignity , Safety , and Welfare of the whole Community of thefe Kingdoms. — The * Sacred Knot thus tied, — Quis divi- det ? LOYALTY LOYALTY TO OUR KING, &c. T is evident, that no Rule or Form of Government is prefcrib’d by the Law of God or Nature; for that then they would be both immutable, and the felf-fam£ in all Coun- tries. — For the better Proof of which, it is neceflary to fhew, how far Government pro- ceeds from Nature, and how far from Man > to wit, that Man is fociable, and inclined to live together in Company, which proceeds from Nature ; ' from whence do proceed all Private Houfes, then Villages, then Towns, then Caftles, then Cities, then Kingdoms, B and and Common-wealths, as Ariftotle obfervci in his Book of Politicks. Tho’ Government in like Manner, and Ju- rifdi&ion of Magiftrates, which does, follow neceflarily upon this living together in Com- pany, be alfo of- Nature ; yet , the particular Eof m or Manner of this or that Government, in this of that Fafbion, as to have many Gover- nors, few or one, and thofe either Kings, Dultes^ Earls, or the like 5 or that they lhould have this or that Authority, more or lefs, for longer or fhortet Time, or be by Succeflion, or Elec* tioii themfelves, and their Children, or next in Blood : All thefe Things, I fay, are not Jby Law, Natural or Divine, (for then, as hath been faid, they fhould be all one, in all Countries and Nations) for G o d faid, — It is not, good that Man Jhould be alone ; I will piake him an Help-meet , (or Aftiftant like unto himfelf : ) So that, as this fi; if Society of our .firft Parents was of God, and for fo great jPurpofe, as the one to help and affift (not de- ftroyor enflave) the other; foall other Socie- ties, as proceeding from this firft, ftand upon the- fame Ground of G o d’s Ordinance, for the felf-fame End of Man’s Utility or Hap- pinefs : AU which is confirm’d by the Cog- (?) lent and Ufe of all Nations throughout the World, which general Confent may fitly be called the Voice of Nature berfelf. — For there was never yet any Nation found, either of ancient Times, or of later Days, by the Dis- covery of any one Place on Earth, where' Men living together, had not feme Kind of Magiftrate or Superior to govern them; which evidently declareth, that Magiftracy is alfo from Nature, and from God that created Nature ; tho 7 not in this or that par- ticular Form. — ^Tho’ Common* wealths, and Government of the fame by MagiftrateS, are of Nature; yet the particular Forms of- Manner of Government are not of Nature, but are left unto every Nation and Country to choofe what Form of Government they like beft, and think f mbft fit for 'the Nature and Conditions of the People. ■ By the State of Nature we are all equal, there being no Superiority or Subordination one above another : There can be nothing , more rational, than that Creatures of the fame Species and Rank, promifcuoufly borri to all the fame Advantages of Nature, and the-Ule of the fame Faculties, fhould alfo be equal -one amongfl another; without Godi B 2 by ( 4 ) by any manifeft Declaration of his Will* had fet one above another, and given him Supe- riority or Sovereignty. — -Were it not for the Corruption ' and Vicioufnefs of degenerate Men, there would be no need of any other State 5 for every one in that State being both Judge and Executioner of the Law of Nature, which is to punifh according to the Crime or Offence committed. — Men being partial to therafelves, Paffion and Revenge is! very apt to carry them too far in their own Cafes, as well as Negligence and Uncon- cernednefs makes them too remifs in other Mens. This makes every one willingly give up his (ingle Power of punifhing to one alone,' or more, as they (hall think moft convenient, and by fuch Rules as the Community, or thofe authoriz’d by them to that Purpofe, fliall agree on, with Intention in every one, the better to preferve himfelf, his Liberty, and Property. — No wife Monarch in Au* fhority will be perfuaded, that they may do what they pleafe, becaufe they have Autho- rity to do more than others ; fince rational Creatures cannot be fuppofed, when free, to put themfelves into Subje&ion to another, for their ( 5 } their own Harm ; which would be putting themfelves in a worfe Condition than ia the State of Nature, wherein they had Liberty to defend their Lives and Properties again ft the Invafions of any Man, or Men whatfo- ever: Whereas, by giving up themfelves to the abfolute arbitrary Power of any Man, (as in France , Rome, and among all Defpotick Princes) they have di farm’d themfelves, and armed him . to make a Prey of them when he pleafes. It has been neceffary to be thus long in fpeaking of the State of Nature, and the na- tural Inftinft to Society and Government, it being the Fountain of all the reft that enfues in a Common-wealth ; but if we refpe£fc God and Nature, as well might all the Di- ver Gty of Governments which have been, and now are, in the World, have follow’d one Law, as fo different — but that neither God, nor Nature, (which is from God) hath pre- fcribed any of thofe particular! Forms, but concurs or permits fuch which every Nation or Common- wealth appoints. Can any Man (ay, that God and Nature did not concur as well with Italy, when k had but One Prince, as now, when it hath fo many ? And i ; And the like with - Germany , and alfo with’ Switzerland} which was once one Common- weanh, and now divided into thirteen Can- tons, or, Common-wealths, under popular Magiftrates of their own ? — England alfb- was firft a Monarchy under the Britons , and then a Province under the Romans ; and after' that divided into feven Kingdoms at once,- under the Saxons ; after them of the Danes , then N-.rmans , and Drench ; ' and - now a Mo-t narchy under the Englifh , govern’d, by J3is Mo ft Sacred Majefty GEORGE the Second . . whofeRight is ahfolute , againft.all whatever : His Right is founded on the Laws of God, of Reafon, and True Religion . — - It was Vox Populi , V ox Dei , that concun ’d ^n bringing about that Revolution , on the Bafis of .which His prefent Majefty’s Right to the Crown of thefe Realms is undeniably fix’d. By the Laws 'of Go d, Nature, Religion , and of all Nations, ; I repeat again, that there can be no lawful again# the abfo_ lute Right of the prefent happy Eftabli foment to the -Crown of England, -r- — r- Nor. can Pro- pinquity of Bloody or Pfoximity.. of lawful Birth* ( 7 ) Birth, be any reafonable Plea or Pretenfion, as I fhall more fully prove, as follows. — ■ The greateft Politicians agree, that King- doms and Common-wealths were exiftent be- fore Kings ; for there muff be a Kingdom, and Society of Men to govern, before there can be a King elected by them to govern them : And thofe Kingdoms, and Societies of Men, had, for the moft Part, fome common Laws of their own free Choice, by which they were .govern’d before they had Kings'; which Laws they fwore their Kings to ob- serve, before they would’ crown or admit them to the Government, as is evident by the Coronation-Oaths of all Chriltian and Pa- -gan Kings continued to this Day. The Safety of the People is the fupremeffc Law; and when any Prince or Potentate makes not that the Rule of his A&ions, thofe who chofe him have a Right to fet him a fide. No Man can be born an abfolute King ; no Man can be a King by himfelf; no King can reign without the People : — • Whereas, on the contrary, the People may both be, and are by themfelves, and are in Time before a King. — : By which it appears, that all Kings c v » ( 8 ) .were, and are, conftituted by the People : Nor has God any where commanded the World, or any Part thereof, to be govern’d by this or that Form, or by this or that Per- Ion ; but has left all Nations, and all People, to make Choice of thofe who may govern moft for their Happinefs and Welfare, con- formable to the Laws and Conftitution of the Country fo govern’d SucceJJion was only tolerated, and appointed in the World, to avoid Competition and Inter-regnum, and other Inconveniencies of Ele£tion. — So that it is plain, from what has been laid, that all Government proceeds from the People : Nor will it be difficult to prove, that they have Authority to put back the next Inheritors to Government, when unfit or uncapable to go- vern ; or if they fulfil not the Laws and Con- ditions by which, and for which, their Dig- nities were given them : And when it is done upon juft and urgent Caufes, and by Publick Authority of the whole Body, or major Part of the Community, the Juftice thereof is plain ; — as when the Prince fhall endeavour to eftablifh Idolatry contrary to the Laws of the Land, or any Religion which is repug- nant to the Scripture, as f&opetp, &c. or to deftroy the People, and make them Slaves to his ( 9 ) his tyrannical Will and Pleafure, as was the Cafe cf the late King James. — For as the whole Body is of more Authority than the Head, and may cure it when out of Order, fo may the Pubiick Weal cure or purge their Heads when they are pernicious or deftruc- tive to the Body-Politiek ; feeing that a Body- Civil may have divers Heads, by Succeffion or Election, and Cannot be bound to one, as a Body-Natural is ; which Body-Natural, if it had Ability to cut off its aching or fickly Head, arid take another, I doubt not but It would do it ; and that all Men wouM confefs it had Authority fufficient, and Reafon fo to do, rather than the other Parts Ihould perifh* or tive in continual Torment. — -So may the Body-Politick choofe another Head and Go- vernor in the Room of its deftrudive one ; which hath been done for many Ages ; and Goo hath wonderfully concurr’d therein, for the moft Part, with fuch judicial Ads of the Common-wealth againft their evil Princes; not only profpering the lame, but by giving them fome noble and worthy Succelfor in Place of the deprived; thereby to jullify the Fa£t, and remedy the Fault of him that went before. — — King Saul was flain by the Philiftines , by Gob’s Appointment, for not C fulfilling ( 10 ) fulfilling the Law and Limits prefcribed unto him : And many other wicked and idolatrous Kings of Ifrael fhared the lame Fate, who violated the Covenants annex’d to their i Crowns, and underwent the utter Extirpa- tion of their Pofterities for ever after. Numberlefs are the fame Examples of de- priving evil Princes of their Government in France , Spain t Portugal , &c. and laif of all in Scotland and England , and of the Happi- nefs and Profperity that did attend fuch King- doms upon fuch A£ts ; which can be imputed to nothing but the Blefiing of Almighty God, which attended thofe Proceedings j and by confequence he approved thereof, and does approve of fuch A£ts. \n Scotland the Nobility and Gentry, &c.- took up Arms againft Durjlus their King, for his intolerable Cruelty, and flew him and his Confederates in Battle ; and put by his Sons^ left they fhould imitate their Father’s Vices: 'And many other Kings did the Scotch deal with in the like Mann,er, for their evil Go- vernment And Buchanan himlelf, fpeak- ing of his Country, and as a Proof againft all paternal Authority, faith, “ That Scotland •* was ( " ) " was free from the Beginning, created itfelf “ Kings upon this very Law, that the Em- ** pire be conferred on them by the Suffrages “ of the People, ( and let me here remark , that bis prefent Majejly King GEORGE is now Fbeirs and Our Lawful King upon the (elfr- jame Syflem) “ if the Matter required ii, they “ might take it away by the lame Suffrages. The Crown of England hath been alter’d by the Community, and fettled upon thofe from whom they expe&ed more Juftice than from the right Heirs ; witnefs the electing and crowning Edred againft the Right of his two Nephews Canutus a Foreigner, and Har - diknute without Title, and Edward the Con - ftflor, againft the right Heirs. After the Conqueft, anno 1087, Robert , the elder Brother, was put afide, and William Rufus , the third Son of William the “Conqueror, was ele£fed ; after whofe Death Henry the Firfl , his younger Brother, (though not next Heir) was chofen by the People, not fum- moned by Writ. — After the Death of Henry the Firfl , Stephen was chofen King againft the 'Right of Maud, the Daughter of Henry the Firfl. — After his Death, Henry the Second C 2 was ( ) was admitted King againft the Right of his Mother Maud. — At the Death of Henry the ‘Third, the States of the Kingdom met, and fettled the Government, by appointing Oifir. cers, and what elfe was neceffary for the De- fence of the Realm j and Edward the Fourth was fet up by the People during the Life of Henry the Sixth. Now it is plain, that the Kings and Quqens 0 England, ever fince William Rufu&\ Time,; have proceeded from thofe who were let up by the People againft the- next Heirs, « King Edward the Second, Richard the Second,. and Richard the Third , were, for not govern- ing according to the Laws of die Land, de- prived of the Government, and Edward the Third and Henry the Fourth and Seventh were preferred in their Rooms ; Princes who did many important ABs in* this Kingdom, railed many Families to Nobility, put down other^ changed States both Abroad and at Home, alter’d the Courfe of Defcent in the. Blood- Royal, and die like ; -which was unjuft, and void at this Day, if the Changes and Depri- vations of the former Kings were unlawful? and confequently all thofe Princes that fuc- ceeded ( '3 ) ceeded them were Ufurpers.— And this is, and hath been, the Cuftom and Practice of all kingdoms and Common-wealths, to deprive dieir Princes, and many times their whol^ Pofterity, for their evil Government; which, I ^flert agaip,j was the very Cafe of James the Second - y and. that Go© hath, and. does concur with the fame, is plain, from the Ex- amples befonenmentioned , of the Profperity and Happinefs that hath attended thofe Ads. — AU Kings therefore,' who violate the To. Icmn Compact enter’d into with their People,' either by endeavouring to fubveit the Confti. tfitional La , ws of their Country, changing the ejlablijh’d Religion, jGfc. '^as James the Second dad, of Courfe forfeit die Crown, and -may- be lawfully let afide.— - To go farther— If the Subject may in no Cafe refill, as they were under a Necdfity to do more than once at the Time of the Stuart Family, then there can be no Law, but the Will and Plea- fure of the Prince : For whoever muft be op-' pofed in nothing, may do ‘every thing, and then all ourLaws fignify no more than fb many Cyphers. —'And in fucll Cafe, what could be faid of Law-makers, who give themfelves Trouble to no Purpofe ? It ( H ) It is as lawful, and more reafonable to pre- vent the overthrowing of our Religion, Laws* Rights, and Privileges from any Man, or Men. whatfoever amongjl ourfelves , as from a Foreign Power 5 ; becaufe one afts contrary to the. Laws of do& and his Country, and the other being mot fubjeft to the Laws of the Country, can be no Ways bound by them. It was thought no Injuftice in the Ship to caft out the Prophet , when they found he was likely to prove the Wreck of them all ; and the Almighty (hewed he approved of their Aft, by. quieting the Storm when he was gone. \ The Scripture, that hath' fet us none but good Examples, tells us, that fome Princes (hould not have one of their Race left that piffeth againft the Wall : Now what were their. Faults but Idolatry,:; and Opprefc Con of their People ?- Then how can it be a. Sin in a Nation, to free themfelves from an idolatrous and oppreffing King;; When it is done by the greateft and;moft .confide- rable Part thereof, it does filently imply a Confent of God ; for it cannot be Coyetouf- nefs, or Ambition,, tfiat ’moves fuch.a Mul- titude. From ( i5 ) From what has been offer’d, it appears plain, beyond all reafonable Contradiction, that he who is fet up, or made King, by the Confent of the People, hath a juft Title a- gainft the next Heir of the Blood, and his Iffue, who are put up by the Crown j elfe moft of the Princes now reigning in Europe would be Ufurpers, and want good Titles to their Crowns, they or their Anceftors being let up by the People, which were not the right Heirs of the Royal Stock. His prefent Moft Sacred MajeftyGEOjRGJS the Second , is therefore, by the Laws of God^ Reajon , True Religion, and the Principles and' Practices of good Proteftants in all Ages, who have refilled their evil Princes, and fet up others in their Stead. His Moft Gracious Majefty King GEORGE I fay, is our only true and lawful King, to whom, as a grateful People to the mildeft of Princes , we owe a faithful Obedience, and the moft fincere Attachment ; and all worthy Britons who hold a Regard to the Laws of God, Religion , Liberty, Property , and all that is ( i6 ) is dear and valuable, ought in Duty, Honour, and all the Ties of Gratitude and Loyalty, to ftaiid forth, fhauld any real Occafion offer, (whitH Heaven avert!) with the war me ft Hearts and willing Hands , to fupport and defend His Honour, Dignity, and undeniable Title to the Crown of thefe Realms, againft all^Cpl© f&jetttlDeWh and infolent gjnba- $££$ of the Peace and Security of the Britijh Dominions. I fhall conclude the whole with the follow- ing Refle&ion. That whofoever, either Ruler or Subject, by Force, goes about to invade the Rights of Prince or People, and lays the Foundation for overturning the Con- stitution and Frame of any juft Government, he is guilty of the greateft Crime, I think a Man is capable of, being to anfwer for all thofc Mifchiefs of Blood, Rapine, and Defolation, which the breaking to Pieces of Government, bri gs on a Country ; and he who does it, is juft y to be efteem’d the common Enemy and Pelt of Mankind, and is fo to be treated ac- cordingly : And how far James the Second w as guilty of this, or thofe now are who prefume to approach and ufurp the Throne of this King- ( '7 ) Kingdom, and who have been bred in the fame Papijlical Principles , I leave the World to judge. To urge further Obfervations would be needlefs, and to prolix : It is no Time for talking much, Attioa muft preferve us. We are all, at leaft all ought to be, truly fen- fible that our Religious and Civil Rights, our Liberties, Lives, and Properties, muft natu- rally lay at Stake, whenever our Happy Con - Jlitution is 'in Danger .of being fubverted, by the bold and rafh Attempts of a popttl) s And however fecure we may think ourfelves in a Superiority of Numbers, yet we fhould never forget, that Union and a Hot-headed Zeal , in a confpired Party, (Red with uncommon Wrath, inftilPd into them by the fefuitical Principles of Rome) may occa- sion much Blood-fhed, and the Lofs of many innocent Lives, e’re Tyranny and Invajion can be fupprefs’d. This will, I hope, awaken in us the moft fervent Zeal in Favour of our prefent Happy Eftablijhment ; and excite all True Britons to remain ftedfaft and inflexible in their Loyalty D to (