Catalase ebm 4 OS ee TATA Oa A Cap >-)/ + Ae ee Ce | _ Win 4 i arate ‘a ay Te whe Shas ae a ns ia Avg = ea seat ahs ite Ppse°s “i hd > ts — wn SE: i aN, > eRe) Soe thet) ws bes De geo Ane % . ; na et te na see as is : FULLER (THomAs) 1608-61. 4833. The Holy State. By Thomas Ful- ler, B.D....fol. Camb., pr. by R. Damel for J. Williams, 1642. With additional engr. title-page, and portraits ; bk. v has sep. title, ‘The Profane State’, p. 355. First ed. Bk. ii, chs. 2-3, ‘ The good physician ’ and ‘ The life of Paracelsus’, &c. FROM THE LIBRARY OF SIR WILLIAM OSLER, Barr. OXFORD pe Stegnttonwgay eee | Sather gome hire . bey 2 eee . iret Sane they. + SS eg Ra a aa as — Ra eee —— n OE —— — > WALA By SL COMMAS c UNV Bachelour of me eitie. e? Prebenda ‘of Sarum late of Sidney Colledge 1 Cambridge VVRVAENNLAUVA ii ) TMT . LI SAPER EES ES beRCe eee ctesees Wit VANTIN N MN AN dn 1) MNT AT | peo Wiliams Si ul MN TO at the Signe of the . Crowne in S:Paules| | Church-yard | 16 -; f piesa tale a he ant ArdtactAeatnate ale te ale of dade Be ie OF mee aa Me r Adana aa Hct a RE ERR RSS ‘se a ole 2 Skee bee ? cy Y <3 wet TuHoMas | | ene ee THE j= 1 @ Oe" > LAL BY Futver, and Prebendarie of Sarum. ZECHARIAH 14, 20. Pp. i. eee ae ate eae | PYF eee te eee ee poneriaee v ee F ee ee hs a oa ERS als We ——— | bia 3 3S E32 | Hebets ertttet ROR RE RE RE RE IE RE a He He RE Andbit oe | 96-38 zHo is notfenfible with forrow of ofethe diftractions of this age‘ To \\C, \ write books therefore may feem | Seed Weeae unfeafonable,efpecially in a time | Iwherein the Preffe, like an unruly horfe,hath : ca{t off his bridle of being Licenfed, and fome erious books, which dare flie abroad, are hooted at by a flock of Pamphlets. | Butke pleafed to know that when [ leftmy lhome, it wasfair weather, and my journey | was half paft, before I difcovered thetempeft, ‘and had gone fo: farrein this Work that l could neither go backward with credit, nor | forward with comfort. | As for the matter of this Book, therein I jam refident on my Profefsion ; Holinefle in ‘the latitude thereof falling under thecogni- -zanfe ofa Divine.F or curious method,expect | none, Effays for the moft part not being pla ced as ata Feast, but placing themfelves as at an Ordinary. | Thecharacters | have conformed tothethen } onsets sateen ! Sg a A2 ftanding | | ELE LLL iid TT ———— inane EE _ © ease —— —_—o— a 1 ftanding Laws ofthe Realm,(atwelvemoneth |agoe were they fent tothe prefle )fince w hich ' time the wifdome of the King and State hath | thought fitting to alter many things, and lex- pect the difcretion ofthe Reader fhould make his. alterations accordingly. And | conjure thee by all Chriftian ingenuity, that if light-| ing here on fome paflages,rather harfh-found- | ing then ill-intended, to conftrue the fame by the generall drift ardmain {cope which ts aimed at. Norletit render the modeftie of this Book fufpected, becaufe it pre{umes to appear in company_unmannd by any Patron: If right, it will defen dit felf sf wrong none can defend it: Truth needs not, falfhood deferves not a Supporter. And indeed the matter of this | WV ork istoo high fora fub jects,the workman—_ {hip thereoftoo low for a Princes patronage. | And now [wall turn my-.pen into prayer, | That God would bepleafed to diicloud thefe | eloomy dayes with the beams of his mercte : | which if I may be fo happy as to fee, ie will then encourage me to count it freedome to | ferve two apprentifhips(God {pinning out the | . o. thick thred ofmy lifefolong )in writing the | Ecclefiafticall Hiftory from Chrifts time to. our dayes, if| fhall from remoter parts be fo lanted,asto enjoy the benefit of walking, and |ftanding Libraries, without which adyan- tases | eterna eee : ee To the ‘Reader. ‘tages the beft vigilancie doth ‘dream to undertake fucha task. | | Mean time I will ftop the leakage of my | foul, and what heretofore hath run out in_ iwriting, fhall hereafter ¢ God willing} be | [improved in conftant preaching, in_what | \place foever Gods providence, and friends |eoed will fhall fix but vainly | i | | THOMAS PuRiend | | | Thine in all Cbriftian offices EEL LIE ROL DE IE a ee = — — ele Ee ae ay eS = al penne - . CS re are ee ew et oe | | An 1/4 2 ‘s I 19 ree 7 re '@ | PPT SLE CEES CESS a B.Chi — as nad = == Sei verry 9, 2M de Soto wre ee ei ae ss Index of the feverall Chapters contained in this Book . the firft figure fhewing the book, the fecond the chapter, the third the page. Page | | Page (B.|Ch. Abrahams life. 10|4 |20 |Edward the black Prince his' The Advocate. 51 life. 342 Duke D’ Alva’s life. 435| 1.) 9 |Elsezers life. 22 ‘Andronicus bes life. 429 | 4 {15 | Queen Elizabeth ler life. 312 Anger. 169 4 16 ‘The Emba/] adour. 319) Antiquary. 69\5 |4 Endor Witch, her life. 369) Apparell. 164] 3 |9 Fxpecting Prefernent. 171 Artist. 72| 3 |23 Fame. 25 Atheist. 378|4 | Favourite. 237 S. Auguftines life. 284|3 |12 Fools. 180 ‘Barrettour. 408|4 [17 |Lhe General. 326 The Bifhop. 277|2 |\24. |The Gentleman. 149 | Books. 199|3 |21 |Gravity. 209 Borgia his life. 3834 |2 |£damans life. 2A5 Brandon his life. 254/2 |I9 Handicrafts-man 119 Elder 4a\5 |t \Hlarlot. 57 Younger ¢Brother. 47 |2 |22 Herald. ti: Building. 166/5 |10 |Heretick. 393 Lord Burleigh bis life. 265|1 |13. |Hildegardis ber Ife. 40 Cambdens life. 145|3 |t — |Edofpitality. 153 Child. 14/1 3 —|Hlusband. 8 | Churches. 219.5 |8 |\Hbpocrite. 388 | Company. 161 4 |14 [Lady Fane her lif. 307 Contentment. 19515 19 [Febu hes life. 390 The Controverfiall Divine. 60 3 \2 = |Festing. 155 Deformity. 190 |5 \5 | Foap of Arc her life. 372. The Degenerous Gentleman |5 |2 \goan Queen of Naples = AlO life. 361 The Donatists. 3961417 |Fudge. 270 S; Franc Drakes life. 132 4. 20 The Aig. 349 The | mWww Wy NY NW DN BW a = ee = ~~ _— Page 70 line 29 after fuper Page/BIChy 301/316 | Plantations. Lanalord. 99/4 119 | The Prince. The Lyer. 406| 3 13 | Recreations. Marriage. 2124 11 | Bifhop Ridleys life. Markham bis life. 274,;2 |8 | Scalizer his life. Master. 17/2 16 Schoolmajter. Master of a Colledge. 102)2 |20 Sea-Captain. Memnry. 174] 3/3 | Self-praifing. Merchant. 113} I '§ | Servant. _ (Metcalfe his life. 105| 2 |19 | Soulder. The Minister. 80! 4 |5 | State/man. Miniiters maintenance. 228) 4. |18 |Swedens King. Moderation. 205|3 [19 | Time-erving. Monica her life. 4}3 [14 | Lombes. The Nobleman. 296\§ [15 | Iraitour. ‘Paracelfus hus life. 5613 14 | Travel. Parent. 12/5 (17 | Tyrant. Pari/inioner. 93/1 [12 |The Virgin. Patron. 95|2 |5 | Whitakers his life. Lady Paula her life. 27/1 |10 | Widow. Pazzians confpiracte. 421) 1 | Wife. Perkins his life. 88| 5 3 | Witch. Phany. 177\4 8 53,2 18 \Lhe Yeoman. ERRATA. ftition adde, How the Fathers. 124. 9. T+ Wear. 152» 8. 7. ( Yea Mercury was fpeaker then Jupiter himfelf ) 202, 5. % @ | 3° Cardinall Wolfey bis life. 2 6 ki ro) ye. Ty / = N Ny hi YG My ; i Yin, /) YY I eg / Ba hear Ais ve Ne —— aanie \. \ <— was <: . —~ ff Se ae Wy ~ i “ee pe TRIE is a VA 2 Esa ete he “¢ TONS. \) 4 ———_— SE A. —_ £ =~. > . ; iw Se, SSS SS rN + Sax 2) a SSD = giv oe? THE FIRST BOOK. ——————— ne oS HA Pale The good Wife. mL DA UL to the Cololsians chap. 3 | vert. 18. fir{t advifeth women to ib “8 F mit themfelves to their husbands , ie and then counfelleth men. to 2su | cheir wives. And {ure it was fitting | A779" chat women fhould firft have chest | leflon given chem, becaufe.it is hardett to be learned, and thererore they Seed have the more time to conne | it. For the fame reaton we firft begin wath.the chara- | Cter of a good W ife. She commandeth her husband in any equall matter; by con- Fant obeying him. Xt was alwayes oblerved, vee what ithe E ng! lifh gained of the F ‘rench in bastel by valour, the acte “regained of the Englith by cunning * * Treaties: Soif the husband fhould chance by his ods erin his palsion to prejudice his wives ris ght, {he wifely knoweth by compounding and complying to recover and rectifie it again. She never croff eth her | beathand in the [pring-tide of hy an- S , but ftayes till it be ebbing-water. And dica mildly {he | argues the matter, not fo ‘mutich to condemn him,as to acquit her felf. Surely men, coptrary to iron, are w ‘ort | 5 to -_— eed | | _——— Tae — -_—--—---—-- . ———— Maxime 1 * Comineus lib. 4-cap 3.0 Bodimus. De Repub. lib.s. 782, tb nn ee eal re ee + ee ae * Eva{mus Dial, in nau- The Holy State. Book I. | to be wrought upon when they are hot ; and are farre | re p : pe te f ‘more tractable in cold bloud. Itis an oblervation oO} Seamen, * That if a fingle meteor or fireball tails on their maft, it portends ill luck , but if two come to- | : 4 | gether (which they count Caftor and Pollux) they pre- : lage good ficcelle : But fure in a family it bodeth moft bad, when two firebals (husbands and wives | | |anger) come both together. She keeps home if fhe hath not her husbands company , or leave for her patent to 70 abroad ; For the houte 1S the W 0- | mans centre. Itis written, Plalm 104. 2. The fume ars | eth, ---man goeth forth uintorhis Mork, and to lis labour untell } the evening : but it 1s faid of the good woman, Prov. 31. 15. She rifeth wholes i 4s yet might : For man in the race of his work ftarts from the rifing of the funne, be- caufe his bufineffe is without doores, and not to be done without the light of heaven : but the woman \hath her work within the houfe | and therefore can | make the funne rife by lighting of a candle. Her clothes are rather comely then coftly, and fhe makes plain | cloth to be velvet by her handfome wearing it. She 1s none 0: | our dainty dames, who love to appear in variety of fuites every day new, as if a good gown, like:a {trata- geme in warre, were to be ufed but once: But our cood wife fets up a fail according to the keel of her husbands eftate ; and if of high parentage, fhe doth not fo remember what fhe was by birth , that fhe for- | gets what fhe is by match. | Se Arcana imperit ( her husbands fecrets ) fhe will not divulge. Efpecially fhe is carefull to conceal his infirmities. [f he be none of the wifeft, fhe{fo orders it that he ap-| pears on the publick ftage but feldome , and then he | /hath conn’d his part fo well, that he comes off wath ‘great applaufe. If his Forma informans be but bad , fhe | provides him better formas afSi/tentes, gets him wile fer- vants and fecretaries. | 6. In her husbands abfence fheis wife and deputy husband, | Which | RE EE TE TT TT TT TNE Te ees ~~ | t i 3 / | Chap.1. The good Wife. | Wad | which makes her double the files of her diligence. At his re- ‘turn he finds all things fo well, that he wonders to fee | himfelf at home when he was abroad. | Her carriage ts fo modeft, that fhe disdbeartens Wwantons not | onely to take but even to befiege her chajlity. 1 confefle fome 'defperate men will hope any thing ; yea, their {hame- De — —— a — 7 lefle boldneffle will taften on impolsibilities, mealu- ‘ring other folks badnefle by their own: yet feldome | firch Salamanders, which live in the fire of luft, dare approch, without feeing the fmoke of wantonnefle in looks, words, apparell, or behaviour. And though | charity commands me to beleeve, that {ome women | lwhich hang out fignes notwithftanding will not | lodge | ftrangers, yet thele mock-guefts are guilty in tempting others to tempt them. In her husbands fickneffe fhe feels more grief then fhe 8, fhews. Partly that {he may not dis-hearten him , and artly becaufe fhe is not at leifure to feem fo forrow- full, that fhe may be the more ferviceable. Her children , though many number, are none in noy/e, 9. [reering them with a look whither fhe lifteth. When they OrOW up, fhe teacheth them not pride but painfulnefle , ma- king their hands to clothe their backs, and them to wear the livery of their own induftry. Shemakes not her daughters Gentlewomen before they be women, rather teaching them what they fhould pay to others, then receive from them. | The heavie/t work of her fervants fhe maketh light, by order-| yo, ly and feafonable enjoyning it: Wherefore her fervice 1s npn te TCL LCL LLL OED ELI LLL LLL LA ee ee ete ee — = _e counted a preferment, and her teaching better then her wages. Her maids follow the prefident ot their mi- | ftreffe , live modeftly at home. One askt a grave | Gentlewoman,How her maids came by fo good hus- | bands, and yet feldome went abroad ; Ob, faid the, cood husbands come home to them. So much for this fubject: land what is defeétive in this defcription fhall be fup- | plied by the pattern enluing. B 2 Cuap, 2. —— —< + emer —- eS — ee ee ee ——— a re eS | | a Aer titan armel Dad RO EEL LOGIE Ln - ; ne ER Tg SS es a EE neces eucagepelCpan Si aaa sap nD re 1 The Holy State. Book }. , eect la — ——— | a <= aes SSS SS | itt ——SSS=— —————————— SS TTT TUTTO UOUT AMAR MONICA wire of Patricivs., and Mother to | Hi} St Auguttine She Died at Oftia mm Italye.A? Do} \ } 389. aged 56 yearcs - WMearfhall feulp : : 5 | —_— =2, i —_———_—_—_———— ee WN | Claar. 2. The life of Monica. | : | Onica is better known by the branch of her | iffue, then root of her parentage , and was born : . : : < ~ « Augutt.cm- in, ot nigh ‘Tagafta in Africk. * Her parents, whofe fell. Lib.9. c.8, | ef Cl ti 2 d 2 ae i] 'e : names we find not, were Chriftians, and carefull of her education, committing her to the breeding of an ‘old maid in the houfe, who, thongh herfelf crooked with age, was excellent to ftraighten the manners of youth. She inftructed her with holy feverity , never | allowin —————————_aseetinenentn aneennieeetne enaa 4 oe ——— 47 nn a rene eee ee 2 nr FLL LE eA Tt al tan C hap.2 The life of Monica, — allowing her to. drink Wine, or between ‘Fl Having out-grown her tuition, fhe began by de to fip,, and drink wine. Lefer draughts like w is Sy | widen ing her throat for Sreater , till * at laft (ill cu {tomes being not knockt , but infenfibly {cru’d in ‘to our fouls i, {he could fesch off her whole ones. Now ith 1appened that a yo ung maid. (formerly her ' partner,in potting.) fell at variance with her, and (as | malice when ‘fhe fhoots draws her arrow to the head) | called her Tol pat, and drunkard. ; Whereupon Moni-| | ca teformed her lelf, and turned temper ate. Thus bit- | | ter taunts (erieime make-wholelfome P] hylick , w hen | |God § anctifies unto us the malice of our enemies to| | perform the office of good will. | After this was fhe married to Patricius one of more | | honour then wealth, and as yet a pagan . “welurain fhe | | brake S. Pauls s precept, Lo, marry onely. in the Lord, Per- chance then there was a deatth of husbands, or fhe | did it by her parents importunity, or out of promife of his converfion : and the hiltory herein being but lamely delivered us, it is charity to fupport it with the | moft favourable conftruétion. He was of a ftern.na- | ture, none amore lamb when pleated, or lion when angry; < and which 1s’ worle, his wild * affections did | prey abro ad, till fhe lured them home by her loving | behaviour. Not like thofe wives who by their hide- ous outcries drive their wandring husbands farther (out of the way. Her own. houfe was to her a houfe of correction, | wherein her peewee mother was bitter unto her.h: % ving a quarrell not { o much to her perlon as relation, ‘becaute a daughter in law. Her fervants, to climbe i me (to the favour of their old miftreffe trampled on their young, they bringing tales, and the old woman. be- lief . though the Roth of heix malice did but file her inn ovency ee brighter. Yea at laft her mother in law, turning her compurgatour,caufed her fonne to punifh rees a A eh ee es A er RS on - — we oe ee rns | | | fe + TL ee B 2 thole Si SAE oe oe | \dy f * ART ii. COM- A he ;: iE ~ [f+ 110.9. C+9. — le > Srna we vt ye i ; PE iver 2 acta et Te Heh Sette. Book I. sg RRS RO em ERE. rr BOE ire eo 6 eter = * Bn — cae —— ey een te en We - ' e Ap yr ; ) = Ss ast me Fe ee Reece aha ee we Sy SOA : 7 Pra es - gs peng PTE Sree iS <> 7 —— ne | al DEF —— ee ~ chofe maids which caufelelly had wronged their mi | Atreffe. | When her neighbours, which had husbands of far ‘milder difpolitions, would fhew her their husbands ‘cruelty legible in their faces, all her pitying was repro" ving them: and whereas they expecied to be prayled | for their patience, fhe condemned them for delerving | fuch punifhment. She never had blow from, or jarre | ‘with her husband, fhe fo fuppled his hard nature | with her obedience, and to her great comfort faw him ‘converted to Chriftianity before his death. Allo fhe law Auguftine her fonne, formerly Vitiousan life,and erro- | neous in doétrine (whofe foul the bathd in her ‘Tears) ‘become a worthy Chriftian, who coming to have his leares tickled, had his heart touched, and got Religion in to boot with the eloquence of S. Ambrofe. She furvived not long after her fones converfion ( God | fends his fervants to bed when they have done their | work ) and her candle was put out , as foon as the | day did dawn in S. Auguttine. | Take an inftance or two of her fignall piety. There i i + Augutt.com-| was a cuftome in® Africk to bring’ pulfe bread and fel]. ub.6. ¢.2. ‘ ; wine to the monuments of dead Saints; wherein Mo- ‘nica was as forward as any. But being better inftruct- ed that this cuftome was of heathenifh parentage, and that Religion was not fo poore as to borrow rites | from Pagans , fhe inftantly left off that ceremony : ‘and as for pietie’s fake fhe had done it thus long, fo ‘for pietie’s fake fhe would do it no longer. How ma- ny old folks now adayes, whofe beft argument is ufe, [would have flown in their faces, who fhould {top ‘them in the full career of an ancient cuftome. | There was one Licentius'a novice-convert, who had got thefe words by the end, Turn us agam, O hord God of hofls : [how us the light of thy countenance and we fhall be | whole. And (as it is the fafhion of many mens tongues | . ‘to echo forth the laft fentence they learnt ) he {aid it » ' | in | et ees - a een pt cee —- « = — ooo were ee ee eee » ° ——— —_—~ —— OT ee Ch hap. : ‘. eet eee a The life of ) A Onica. in iss all I pla ices he went to. But Monica. over- hearing hira to fing it in the houfe tended at Liat: becaufe holy things are to be {uted to| holy places , where the {ong did jarre with the place and the harmonie could not be {weet And al- though {ome may fay, that a sracious heart confecra- oO teth every pl ace into a Ch: apell, yet {ure though pious: things are no where unfitting to be thought ¢ on, they may yf ere be improper to be chanel: Drawing near her death , thoughts as harbinger $ to heaven . {fhe fent moft Pious and her foul {aw a glimpte of happinef ffe through the chincks of her| ficknefle-broken body. She was fo inflamed with zeal, that fhe turned all objects into fewell to feed it. ‘Dee day ftanding w ith $. Auguftine at an Eaft-win- dow, * fhe nied her felf to confider. the light Gods prefence, in relpect whereof all corporall light is fo farre fr om being match’d , mentioned. it delerves not to ha Thus mounted _ heavenly meditati- ons , and from that high pitch furveying earthly things , the great dine made them appear unto oO her like:actigele point, (carce to be feen, and lefle to be re {pected. She died at Oftia in Italy in. the fattie fixth -yeare of Auguttine clofing her eyes, when through grief ™ had icarce any himfelf. her age , 5 Set nnn > of office, was “highly of.| *4uruftib.y. eZ Ye ordi 10, 6.8. of * August. cone felf. lib.c 9.0.10, eee — Sm re ee ee oe Se enn ee at nl ea Se a I er rn eee See ee IS, Re - en - : i a . “.W. == are =<; ; ~ eee ioe aid : - = t-7 ees = <2 2, ies at! 2s os aman es ie ee Ee ; i= " n 4 ee, ae Ss Saige Be ea RS te See oe Maxime 1 * Plin, Nat. bift. lb. 10- Cap. 62. — ae a ce AO 4 fondnefle, ( a fick love, to be prailed in none, and par- he Holy State. Book I. ' a) ee Bee: Page? The good Husband. f Aving formerly defcribed a good Wie, fhe will | make a good Husband, whole character we are} ‘now to prefent. | ie Es ila é hj ass ee Poe | Elis love to his wife Wweakeneth not his ruling her, and bis TH | line leffeneth not his loving her. Wherefore he avoideth all eel el 'doned onely in the newly married ) whereby more have wilfully betrayed their command then ever loft it | by their wives rebellion. Methinks the he-viper 1s right | ‘enough ferved, which (as * Pliny reports ) puts his ‘head into the fhe-vipers mouth, and fhe bites it off. ‘And what wonder is it if women take the rule to themifelves, which their uxorious husbands firlt fur- ‘render unto them ? | He is conftant to lus Wife, and confident of ber. And {ure where jealoufie is the Jailour, many break the prifon , ‘it opening more Wayes to wickednefle then it ftop- | peth ; (o that where it findeth one, it maketh ten dil- honeft. | He alloweth ber meet maintenance, but meafures it by his own ‘eftate: nor will he give lefle, nor can fhe ask more. Which allowance, iffhorter then her deferts and his | defire, he lengtheneth it out with his courteous carri- age unto her; chiefly in her ficknefle, then not fo “much word-pitying her, as providing neceflaries for ‘her. | | That fhe may not intrench on his prerogative , he maimtams her propriety in feminine affairs: yea, therein he follows her -advice:For the foul of a man is planted fo high,that he -overfhoots fuch low matter as lie levell to a womans | eye , and therefore her countell therein may better hit the mark, Cautes that are properly of feminine cog- nizance he fuffers her finally to decide not { O much as SG per- ee al te BN A ee re cee re er ee ne ee ee OT ET AR a oe Ne ge | Chap. 3. Lhe good Husband: ie 9 permitting an appeal to himfelf, that their jurildicti= | fons may not interfere. He will not countenance a| I ftubborn fervant again{t her, but in her maintains his own Authority. Such husbands as bait the miftris with her maids , and clap their hands at the fport, will have caule to wring them afterwards. Knowing fhe is the weaker veffell be bears with her infir- $ mities. All hard ufing of her he detefts, defiring therein |to do not what may be lawfull, but farting. And grant her to be of a fervile nature, fuch as may be bettered | by beating ; yet he remembers he hath enfranchifed | her by. marrying her. On her wedding-day fhe was| like S. Paul tree born, and priviledged from any fer- vile punifhment. He is carefull that the Wounds betwixt them take not ayre, 6 and be publickly known. Jarres conceald are half recon- ciled. which if generally known, ’tis a double task to ftop the breach at home, and mens mouths abroad. To this end he never publickly reproves her. An open reproof puts her to do _ penance before all that are pre- fent,after which many rather ftudy revenge then retor- mation. He keeps her in the wholfome ignorance of wnneceffary Je- crets. They will not be ftarved-with the ignorance, who perchance may furfet with the knowledge ot | weighty Counfels, too heavy for the weaker {ex to | bear. He knows little ,; who will tell his wife all he knows. He beats not his wife after his death. One having a 8 fhrewd wife, yet loth to ufe her hardly in his life time, awed her with telling her that he would beat her when he was dead, meaning that he would leave her no maintenance. This humour is unworthy a worthy man, who will endeavour to provide her a competent eftate: yet he that impoverifheth his children to enrich his widow , deftroyes a quick hedge to make a dead | one. | C CHAP. 4.] “I en er er nen me ee er en mtr em re eee a nee ee et a SOS aS EF II EE OE IES FE ETE ~ ca ae . See . Ea ga . en ot = a Aap 7 eis. ee ee y ? f - oe * : aye Ts a a "s ; 2 = eee . Se cy ——- San —— - ; s be - ? 7 . ie ey =< — “ — > a | > ae os > \ ~~ - ia - — Pen aad ag yee eS | | | on 4. | The life of ABRAHAM. | | 1; Intend net to range over all his lifeas he ftands| W wl : threef{quare in relation , Husband, Father, Matter. | | We will onely furvey and meafiure his conjug: all hide, | , hich relpe eéteth his wife. | | We reade not that ever he upbraided her for her! 'barrennefle, as knowing that naturall defects are not the creatures fault, but the Creatours pleature: all which time his ae was toyallto,her alone. As for his going in to Hagar, it was done not onely with the | confent but by ies Ae of Sarah, who was fo ambi-| tious of children fhe would be inode a mother by a proxie. He was not jealous of her ( though a “ote beauty ) in what company foever he came. “[adeed a | feared the Egyptians, becaufe the Egyptians feared not | God, fulpecting rather them of force, then her of | ecg. and beleeving that fooner they might kill | him, then corrupt her. | Yet (as well as he lov ed her) he expected {he th: ould | do work fit for her calling. Make ready quickly three | meafures of meal and knead. Well may..Sarah be cook, | | where Abraham was caterer,yea where God was ouelt.| + The print of her fingers ftill remain in the meal, | and | | of Pannbiing dow fhe hath made a lafting paicnusiend | of her good houfwitry. | Being fallely indited by his wife,he never travers’d the bill but compounded with her on her own terms. The cafe this. Hagar being with child by Abraham, her | pride {weld with her belly, and defpifeth her mii fret Ae: | Sarah, laying her aétion wrong, {ues Abraham for her niche fault, ‘and appeals to Ged. I feethe Plaintiff | hath not alwayes the beft caufe. nor are they moft | guilty which are moft blamed. However Abraham | pafles by “her peevilhnefle , and remits his maid to ftand | | nn ar nr ee ee RS Sw om 8 ee 8 AE I ee a A A OP RS A A ST | Chap. 4, The life of Abraham. | a | great part in Hagar, he would have none in Hagars re | 'bellion. Mafters which proteét their faulty fervants | hinder the proceeding of juftice in a family. He did denie himfelf to srant his wives will ina_| imatter of great confequence. Sarah delired, Caf out | | this bondwoman and her fone, Oh hard word! She might | as well have faid, Caft out of thy felf nature and na- |turall affection. See how Abraham ftruggles with A- | braham, the Father in him ftriving with the Husband | lin him, till God moderated with his cafting-voyce, | | and Abraham was contented to hearken to the coun-} 'fel of his wite. | Being to facrifice Ifaac, we find not that he. made | Sarah privie to his project. To tell her, had been to torture her, fearing her affections might be too {trong ifor her faith. Some fecrets are to be kept from the} weaker fex, not alwayes out of a diftruft, left they hurt | the counfel by telling it, but left the counfel hurt them | by keeping it. : The deareft Husband cannot bail his wite when death artefts her. Sarah dies, and Abraham weeps. Tears area tribute due tothe dead. “Tis fitting that | the body when it’s fown in corruption {hould be | watered by thofe that plant itin the earth. The Hit- = 'ftand or fall to her own miftrefle. Though he had a ) .) H eee _ cites make him a fair offer, In the chiefeft of our fepulchres | bury thy dead: But he thinks the beft of them too bad ‘for his Sarah. Her chaft afhes did love to lie alone; | he provides her a virgin tombe in the cave of Machpe- lah, where her corps (weetly fleep ull he himfelf came | ‘to bed to her,-and was buried in the fame grave. + : ' . : a a Book I. A OC pte Eiht, ee —a nel jl | C nar. | T he good Parent. sO IEE _— nnn —— ia | | | | | E beginneth his care for his children not at their | birth but conception, giving them to God to be, 'ifnot (as * Hannah did) his Chaplains , at leaft his Servants. This care he continueth till the day of his ‘death, in their Infancy, Youth, and Mans eftate. In all | which, : Maxime 1 He fheweth themain bis own praétice What to follow and imitate . and in others, What to fhunvandavod. For though *Ecclest 2.11. | The words of the wt ¢ be as * nayles faftened by the majflers o the Affemblies, yet fure theit examples are the hammer to drive them in to take the deeper hold. A father that whipt his fonne for {wearing., and {wore himfelf whileft he whipt him, did more harm by his example then good by his correction. He doth not welcome and imbrace the firft effayes of finne in his children. Weeds are counted herbs in the beginning of the {pring: nettles are put in pottage, and fallads are made of eldern-buds. Thus fond fathers like the oathes and wanton talk of their litcle children, and | pleafe themfelves to heare them dilpleaie God. But our | wife Parent both inftructs his children in Piety, and | with correction blafts the firft buds of profaneneffe in them. He that will not ufethe rod on his child, his child fhall be ufed as a rod on him. | Fle obferveth * Gavel-kind in drviding his affections, though 1 * 1 Sam.1.11. eee * Giveseach | hitd apart, | not bis eftate. He loves them (though leaves them not), Vowet ined, al alike. Indeed his main land he fettles-on the eldeft: cap 3: |for where man takes away the birth-right, God com- monly takes away the blefsing froma family. But as for his love, therein, like a well-drawn picture, he eyes | all his children alike (if there be a parity of deferts ) | not patching oneto drown another. Did not that] mother thew little wit in her great partialicy, to| i i : / H ——— Staal whom | on eT a et ne OS a ee me | Chap. s. Lhe vood Parent. tens a te brother ( her darling ) had hit and hurt him with a ftone, whi pt him onely for ftanding in the way where the {tone went which his brother caft 2 This partiali- | }tyis tyrannie, when Parents defpife thofe that are! deformed, enough to break them whom God had j i bowed before. | File allows bis children maintenance according to their quality: | Otherwile it will make them bafe , acquaint thexn | with bad company and fharking tricks. and it makes | them furfet the fooner when they come to their eftates. | It is obferved of camels, chat having travelled long | > » ’ Se = - = | without water through fandy deferts, * Lnplentur cum| * Pin. xat. | | Hist. lib.8.c. | bibendi eft occafio (rm preteritum <> in futurum: and fo ithefe thirfty heirs foak it when chey come to their | means, who whileft their fathers were living might | not couch the top of his money, and think they fhall | never feel the bottom of it when they are dead. 7 | In choofing a profe/ston he is diretted by bis childs difpofition: | whole inclination is the {trongeft indenture to bind | him to a trade. Buc when they fet Abel to till the | ground, and fend Cain to keep fheep , Jacob to hunt; and Efau to live in tents, drive fome to fchool; and | others from it ; they commit a rape on nature, and it : will thrive accordingly. Yet he humours not his child when he makes an unworthy choice beneath himfelf, | or rather for eafe then ule, pleafure then profit. | if his fonne prove Wild he doth not caft him off Jo farre , but | he marks the place where he lights. With the mother of | Mofes he doth not fuffer his fonne fo to fink or {wim } | ; : : | but he leaves one to” ftand afarte of to watch what | + Exod. will become of him. He is carefull whileft he quench-_ eth his luxury, not withall to put out his lite. “The fa-| ther, becaufe their fouls , who have broke# and run) out in their youth, have proved the more healehtull for it afterwards. Fle moves him to marriage rather by arguments drawn from ® 2 his | eg whom when her neglected fonne complained that his Ls en awe | 7 | ’ | et or ree ~~ cetacean ietneeneneedtiemnetmeene ene eae een oeeeeeeeeneaanane Sree. a 7, Foly State. Book k: ‘bis good, then his own authority. \tis.a ftyle too Princely for a Parent herein, T o will and command, but {ure he may will and defire. Affections like the con{cience are rather to be led.then drawn; and “tis to be feared, They chat marry where they do not love, will love where they do not marry. i ee oe doth not give away his loaf to his children, and then come | t0 them for a ptece of bread. He holds the reins ( though loofely ) in his own hands, and keeps to rew ard duty, and punifh undutifulneffe , yet on good occafion for his childrens advancement he will depart from part of his means. Bafe is their nature who. will not have their branches lopt , ill their bodie be fell’d ; and will let go none of their goods, as if it prefaged their {pee- dy death : whereas it doth not follow that he that puts off his cloke mutt prefently go to bed. On his death-bed he bequeaths hu ble/sing to all his children: Nor rejoyceth he fo much to leave them great porti- ons, as honeftly obtained. Onely money well and sabia gotten 1s good and lawfull money. And if he leaves his children young, he principally nominates ‘God to be their Guardian, and next him 1s carefull to appoint provident overleers. | i " i | | : | CuaP. 6. The good (bild. | Maxime 1 E reverenceth the perfon of bis Parent though old, poore, | | and froward. As his Parent bare with him when a child, he bears with his Parent if twice a child : nor hace doth his dignity above him, cancell his duty unto * Stapm® him, When *S*. Thomas More was Lord Chancellour Mori,cap-1- | of England, and S*. John his father one of the Judges ‘of the Kings-Bench , he would in Weftminfter-Hall | beg, his blefsing of him on his knees. File | ————————— SOD TO ee ER IE A TEE EE CD OTT EEE — ” eee —_— ——— ————— LT te cee He obferves big Lawfull commands, and jn rattle th | his prec ops with all obedience. [ cannot therefore excufe S. Barb ara, from undutifulnefle, and occafioning her own death: | The matter this. Her father being a pagan commanded | his workmen building his houfe( tomake two win dows ina room: Barbara, knowing her fathers plea- | {ure, in his abfence in joyned them to make"three, that | — | | | my ftery of the holy Trinity. (Methinks two windows | cemi. might as well have raifed her meditations, and the | light arifing from both,would as properly have mind-, | et her of ie Holy Spirit proceding trom the Father | | and the Sonne.) Her father enraged at his return, thus | came to the knowledge of her religion, and ae fed her to the magiftrate, whieh coft ther her Tike: Having pp raétifed them himfelf , he entayls his Parents pre: 3 cepts on bis poferigy. 7 Therefore fuch inftructions are by| Solomon, Proverbs 1.9. compared to frontlets and chains ( not to a fute of clothes, which ferves but one, and quickly weares out, or out of fafhion ) which have in them.a reall lafting worth, and are bequeathed as legacies to another age. The fame countels obferved are chains to grace, which neglected prove halters to ftrangle uncutifull children. me 1S pi atient under orrection, « ind thank full after it. When 4 M: Weft, formerly Iutour ( ‘fitch count 7 loco parentis) to D'. Whitaker, was by him, then Regis Profeffor, created Doctour, W hitaker folemnly gave him thanks before the U niverfity for giving him correétion w hen his young | {cholar. In marriage he fi fir/t An l laft conful ts With his father : W hen 5 propounded, when concluded. He beft bowls at the i of his own contentment, who befides the aim lof his own eye, is directed by his father, who is to lg cive him the sround. | H. Je 1s a ftork to bts parent, and feeds him 1 iit his old AYE. 6 | Not onely if his father hath been a pelican, but though he ee eel rr = rn ; Wo = _——— EE Se te SR == ‘Chap. 6. The good Ch t= “A lph 071 ’ V3 ’ | deg. in the i fa | feeing them fhe inate the better contemplate the of Barbara oi | the 4.0f De. . a - a 2 re cee SY Ae a IN I LE TC fhe Holy State. nn —_——_——— ee Book I. | ‘he hath been an eftridge unto him, and neglected him in his youth. He confines him not along way off to a fhort penfion, forfeited if he comes in his prelence ; but fhews piety at home, and learns (as S. Paul faith the 1. Timothy. 5. 4.) to requite his Parent. And yet the debt (I mean onely the principall, not counting the intereft ) cannot fully be paid, and therefore he compounds with his father to accept in good worth the utmoft of his endeavour. Such a child God commonly rewards with long life in this world. If he chance to die young, yet he lives long that lives well. and time mifpent is not lived but loft. Be- fides, God is better then his promife, ifhe takes trom him a long leafe, and gives him a free-hold of better value. As for difobedient children, If preferved from the gallows, they are referved for the rack , to be tortured by their own pofterity. One complained, that never father had fo undutifull a child as he had. Yes, faid his fonne, with leffe grace then truth, my grand- father had. | I conclude -this fubjeé&t with the example of a Pagans | fonne, which will fhame moft Chriftians. Pomponi- ie us Atticus, making the funerall oration at the death piftad atic. | of his mother, did proteft that living with her three- | (core and feven years , he was never reconciled unto ‘her, Se nunquam cum matre in gratiam rediiffe ; becaule (take the comment with the text) there never hap- pened betwixt them the leaft jarre which needed re- conciliation. | + rst Cuar. 7. | The good Mafter. E E is the heart in the midft of his houfhold, pri- mum Cvivens et ultimum moriens, firft up and laft a- bed, if not in his perfon yet in his providence. In his carriage he aimeth at his own and his. fervants good , and to advance both. | He over|ees the works of his Jervants. One faid that the| Maxime 3 : duft that fell from the mafters {hooes Was the be/t compoft to | manure ground. Vhe lion * out of ftate will not run whilft} « pin. nat. . - : | Plin, nat any one looks upon him, but fome fervants out of | 224° «# flothfulneffe will not run except fome do look up- on them, fpurr’d on with their Mafters eye. Chiefly he is carefull exactly to take his fetvants reckonings. If their Mafter takes no account of them, they will make fall account of him, and care not what they {pend who are never brought to an audit. | He provides them crétualls, wholfome,fufficient and feajona- | 2 | ble. He doth not fo allay his fervants bread to debate it | {o much as to make that fervants meat which is not mans meat. He alloweth thern alfo convenient reft and recreation, whereas fome.Matfters, like-a bad con- fcience will not fuffer chem to fleep that have them. He -emembers the old law ofthe Saxon King Ina,* If a) 13 in cna: villain work on Sunday by his lords command, he fhalt be free. “eae The wages he contracts for he duly and. truly payes to his fer- — yants. The fame word in the Greek + fignihies rut and poyfon : and fome ftrong poyfon is made of the ruft} of mettalls, but none more venemous then the ruft of | money in the rich mans purfe unjuftly detained from | the labourer, which will poyfon and infect his whole Ee a : : J a fs * E phef. 6.q: ‘hin. Indeed conditionall threatnings with promife of 7 j “+ ~~ | 8 | Ale never threatens * his fervant but rather prefently corrects 4 | F pardon On amendment are good and ufefull. Abfolute D threat- | | | ee een cenamemenammnanansrteiantins ' } } } | } | | | *Hows con- tinuat. of Stows Chroa. pag. 836. Om re EE) FR SP eng even. The Holy State. Book f. | threatnings torment more , reform leffe, making fer-| vants keep their faults , and forlake their Matters : | wherefore herein he never pafleth his word, but makes | refent paiment, left the creditour runne away trom | rs 4 | the debtour. In correéting Ins jervant, he becomes not a flave to bis own pafsion. Not cruelly making new indentures of the Heth of his apprentice. To this end he never beats him in he height of his pafsion. Moles being to fetch water out of the rock, and commanded by God onely to {peak to it with his rod in his hand, being tran{ported with anger {mote it thrice. Thus fome Matters, which might fetch penitent tears from their fervants witha chiding word ( onely fhaking the rod withall for terrour) in their fury {trike many blows which might better be {pared.It he perceives his fervant incorrigible, fo that he cannot wafh the black-moore, he wafheth his hands of him, and fairly puts him away. He is tender of his fervant in his fickneffe and age. If crip-| pled in his fervice, his houfe is his hofpitall : yet how | many throw away thole dry bones out of the which themfelves have fuckt the marrow? It is as ufuall to fee! -a young ferving-man an old beggar , as.tofee a light- horle fixft fro the great faddle of a Nobleman to come tothe hackney-coach, and at-laft die in drawing a carre. But the good Mafter is not like the cruell hunter in the fable , who beat his old dogge becanfe his toothleffe mouth let go the game, he rather imitates the noble nature of our Prince Henrie, who took or- ‘der for the keeping of an* old Englifh maftiffe which | shad made a Lion runne away. Good reafon good fer- | |vice in age fhould be rewarded. Who can without | pity and plealure behold that trufty veffell which car- | | ried S'. Francis Drake about the world. | Hitherto our difcourfe hath proceeded of the carriage ‘of Mafters towards free covenant fervants, not int | er- medling with their behaviourtowards {laves & vaflals, whereof I SE ee ET _ | Chap. a; T he good Servant. ae | —_—_—— : * aS : whereof we onely report this paflage - When Charles | the fifth Emperour returning with his Heet from Algier | was extremely beaten with a cempelt, and their {hips | | overloaden, he cauled them to caft their beft hories. | into the fea to fave the life of many *{laves, which ac- es cording to the market price was not f> much worth. | Are there not many that in fuch a cafe had rather fave | Jack the horfe then Jocky the keeper. And yet thole | lwho firft called England the Purgatory of fervants, fure ‘did us much wrong : Purgatory it felt being as falfe in the application to us, as inthe doétrine thereof. fer- | vants with us living generally on as good conditions as in any other countrey. And well may matters confider how eafie a tran{polition it had been for God, to have} | made him to mount into the {addle that holds the ftirrop;, and him to fit down at the table, who ftands | by with a trencher. i ; : nmi aS es ee -_—-= eee Cuarp. 8 T he good Servant. | TT ES ET ied E is one that out of confcience ferves God in his Matter, and fo hath the principle of obedience in himfelf. As for thole fervants who found their obedience on fome externall thing, with engines, they | will go no longer then they are wound, or weighed | u He doth not difpute bis Majters lawful Will, but doeth it. | Hence it 1s that fimple fervants ( underftand ftuch |whofe capacity 1s bare meafure, without furplulage fequall to the bufines he is uled in ) are more ufetull, | becaufe more manageable, then abler men, efpecially ‘in matters wherein not their brains but hands are | required. Y et ‘f his Mafter out of want of experience Maxime 1 | : | | * injoyns him to do what 1s hurtful, and prejudicial . D 2 to : . 7 = ate = E ‘ seth 9) AS A wy SS a ‘ty Ws teetl fobs ee ny pw) . SR ager Biss, ~ Sh yd Baal ees oe tee ts Animes > Ja 5 wr / = hay x ‘ iA Sic . - a Rast Vi igs Wha 2 P Nay, er Sie sg ‘ enh TY hie il et. \ rane : yes ree se = 52 ioe Dhl are cinch ale aks Mee Se SUSI Gotan, hr = oo Rich aan ; 3 . : pes - i- i Ss pal’ San de . = ote SE NE A Et EI AE ETRE SRE SS. 2 2g ERS te wo ee he Holy State. Book [. | ‘to his own eftate, duty herein makes him undutitull | ‘(if not to deny, to demurte in his performance ) and | | chufing rather to difpleate then hurt his mafter, he | humbly reprefents his reafons to the contrary. : | He byes to go about his bufines with cheerfulneffe.One laid, | Ede loved to heare his carter though not his cart to fing. God | loyeth a cheerfull giver; and Chrift reproved the Pharifees for dishguring their faces with a fad countenance. Fools who to perfwade men that Angels lodged in their hearts, hung out a devil for a figne in their faces. Sure cheerfulneffe in doing renders a deed more ac- ceptable. Not like thofe fervants, who doing their | work unwillingly , their looksdexenter.a_protefta- tion againft what their hands are doing. F difpatcheth his bufines with quicknes and expedition. Hence the fame Englifh word Speed fignifies celerity, and fuccefle, the former in bufinefle of execution cau- fing the latter. Indeed hafte and rafhnefle are ftorms and tempetts, breaking and wrecking bufinefle , but nimblenefle is a fair full wind, blowing it with {peed 'to the haven. As he is good at hand, fo is he good at length, continually and conitantly carefull in his fer- lvice. Many fervants, as if they had learnd the nature [of the befoms they ufe, are good for a few dayes, and afterwards grow unterviceable. Fh: difpofeth not of his mafters goods without his previty or confent - no not in the {malleft matters. Open this Wic- ket, and it will be in vain for mafters to fhut the doore. It fervants prelumeto difpofe {mall things without their mafters allowance ( befides that many little leaks may fink a fhip) this will widen their confciences to give away greater. Butthough he hath not alwayes a particular leave, he hath a generall grant, and a war- rant dormant from his mafter to give analmes to the | poore in his abfence, if in abfolute necefsity. Fs anjwers to his mafter are true, direEt, and dutifull. If a dumbe devil pofleffeth a fervant,a Winding cane is the fitteft nnn Pe ER neg, oo he i RI SE ee oa ae ee ee ee ear ER RE ‘ Chap. 8 The good Servant. a1 | fitteft circle, and the mafter the exorcift to drive it out.) Some fervants are fo talkative, one may as well com-| mand the echo as them not to {peak laft.and then chey| count themfelves conquerours, becaufe laft they leave the field. Others, though they feem to yield and 50, away, yet with the flying Parthians fhoot backward | over their fhoulders, and dart bitter taunts at their ma- | {ters. yea, though with the clock they have given the | laft ftroke, yet they keep a jarring, muttering tothem- felves a good while after. | Fujt correction he bears patiently, and unjust be takes cheer-| 6 | full. knowing that ftripes unjuftly given more hurt the mafter then the man: and the Logick maxime is verified, Agens agendo repatitur, the {mart moft lights on the ftriker. Chiefly he difdains the bafenefle of run- ning away. Becaufe charity is fo cold, bis mduftry w the hotter to pro- 7 vide fomething for himJelf, whereby he may be maintained in his old age. \f under his mafter he trades for himfelf (as an apprentice may do if he hath*covenanted {o be- * Bratton, i. tore-hand ) he provides good bounds and fufficient | (775 | fences betwixt his own and his miafters eftate ( facob | Gen. 30. 36. fet his flock three dayes journey from Labans ) that no quarrell may arile about theix.proprietic, nor fulpicion that his remnant hath eaten up his matters whole cloth. ee ne ee ® $e ee GP IRL ——E ns SS ee ee eee | wche opinion of nan “The Holy State. Book I. | —_- - ae a I oot ss = | re | - — tn IT Cuar. 9. | The life of Exvrezer. | Liezer was Steward of Abrahams houfhold , 'T Lieutenant generall over the army of his fer- | petits ivants, ruler over all his Mafter had : the confidence in his loyalty ,caufing the largeneffe of his commisiion. | But as for thofe who make him the founder of Da- | | mafcus, on no other evidence but becaufe he is called | Eliezer of Damajfcus, they build a great city ontoo nar- |yow a foundation. [t.argues his goodnefle that Abra- ham, if dying without a fonneyeantended him his heir (a kinfman in grace is neareft by the fureft fide ) till Ifaac ftepping 1n ftopt out Eliezer, and reverit thole 'refolutions. | The Scripture prefents us with a remarkable prefi- is Pe dent of * his piety, in a matter of great moment : Abra- vant, a. |ham, being tofend him into Mefopotamia, caufed S aseeeal him to fwear that he would faithfully ferch Lfaac a bams fewards if. from his own kinred. Eliezer demurr’d awhile Eatber in before he would {wear, carefully furveying the lati- Taper, tude of the oath, left tome unteen ambutfhes therein Rivet oat fhould furprife his con{cience. The moft {crupulous to ame, EXercit, m ore takean oath will be the moit carehull to perform it, whereas thofe that fwear it blindly will do ic lamely. | He objects, Peradventurethe woman will not be willing to fol- low me. At lait being {acishied in this quzre,he takes the | oath : as no honeft man which means to pay, will re- ‘fufe to give his bond if lawfully required. | | He takes ten camells (then the coaches of the Eaft- | ‘countrey ) with fervants and all things in good equi- page, to fhew a fample of his Mafters greatnefle , and being aftranger in the countrey asked direction of him who beft knew the way, God himfelf. Ifany object that his craving of a figne was a ligne of infidelity and unmannerly beldnefle to confine God to particulars yet ee PISS a ns a ae “Ghipd. i eof Bio eS ee 1 ae ae ne a es ee yet perchance Gods {pitit prompted him to make the requeft, who fometimes moves men to ask what he is. ; : : ; ; al minded to give, and his petition feemeth juft becaufe cranted. | Rebecca meets him at the well. The lines drawn ‘from. every part of the figne required centre them- | felves in her. Drink my Lord, faid the, and I will draw wa- | ter for thy camells. Her words Prophefie that fhe will be| a good houfewife, and a good houlekeeper. Eliezers eyes are dazeled with the beams of Gods providence: Her drawing of water drew more wonder from him , | and the more he drinks of her pitcher, the more he is | athirft to know the iffue of the matter. He queftions| her of her parentage, and finds all his myftieall ex- pectation hiftorically expounded in her. Then he bowed down his head, and did homage to Gods pro- vidence, blesfing him for his proteétion. Many fa- vours which God giveth us ravell out for want of } hemming, through our own unthankfulnefle : for | though prayer purchafeth blesfings, giving praife doth | keep the quiet poflesfion of them. Being come into the houfe, his firft care is for his cattell whofe dumbenefle is oratory to a con{cientious man : and he that will noc bemercifislkeorhis Béalt, is a beaft himfelf. Then preferring his meflage before his meat,he empties his mind before he fills his body. No dainties could be digefted, whilft his errand like a, crudity lay on his ftomach. | In delivering his meflage, firft he reads his commuf- fion, [am Abrahams fervant , then he reports the ful- nefle of his Mafters wealth without any hyperboles. How many, employed in fuch a matter, would have made mountains of gold of molehills of filver ? not fo Eliezer, reporting the bare truth ; anda good eftate if told,commends it felf. As plain alfo is his narration of the'paflages of Gods providence, the artificialnefle whereof beft appeard in his naturall relation. Then concludes SOS oo LLL LLL LL AL LLL LC ttt tt PSS ST RO TT SS EDO SE TE IE ST ee eee A _ A SE e ~ SPE OL SE Bee EE Rarer” 2st | concludes he, with defiring a direct an{wer to his mo- « _ = ss aad “ - ~ . ~ ~ r) 3 —- - ——s ‘ " . 2 et ee eee eos . J i one i sepa th ricer en ates SEAT ; ie Fee Sa . = 2 > ne ; a a = td ; ~ah Maxime 1 | Her grief for hey Husband though reall, rh) moderate. Excef- *weavtr fun.’ place, and alfo out of madnefle * overthrew the whole The Holy State. Book I. — — ee Ition. crn . The matter was foon transacted betwixt them ; for feeing that heaven did ask the banes, why fhould learth forbid them ? onely her friends defire Rebecca fhould ftay ten dayes with them, which Eliezer would not yield to. He would {peedily finifh that bargain | whereof God had given the happy earneft.and becaufe | bleft hitherto, make more hafte hereafter. If in a dark \bufinefle we perceive God to guide us by the lantern of his providence, 1t 1s good to follow the light clole, eft we lofe ir by our lagging behind. He will not truant it now in the afternoon, but»wath..convenient if eed returns to Abraham, who onely was worthy of {uch a Servant, who onely was worthy of fuch a Ma- {ter. ee ee, C HA P. : [06 The good Wi idow. |’ He isa woman whole head hath been quite cut | off, and yet fhe liveth, and hath the fecond part of virginity. Conceive her to have»buried her Husband decently according to his quality and condition, and let us fee how fhe behaves her felt afterwards. $e re | five was the forrow of King Richard the fecond befee- ming him neither as king, man, Or Chriftian, who fo fervently loved Anna of Bohemia his Queen, that when fhe dyed at Shean in Surrey, he both curfed the monum. p- 473-0utof | houtfe. Stows Annals. : ‘ « : ae aii But our widows forrow is 10 ftorm but a fill vain. In- deed fome foolifhly difcharge the furplufage of their — on themfelves, tearing their hair, fo that their friends " A LN A CL ET ee eer vee eee. EE Chap. 10. The good Widow. — J ‘moft to bemoan the dead husband, or the dying wi-. ‘dow. Yet commonly it comes to pafle, that fuch wi- ‘dows grief is quickly emptyed, which f{treameth out lat fo large a vent, whileft their tears that but drop, ‘will hold running a long time. She continues a competent time in her Widows eftate. An- ciently they were,at leaft,to live out their anmum luctus, their yeare of forrow. But as fome * erroneoully com- not by folary, but lunary years, making a moneth a yeare : fo many overhafty widows cut their yeare of mourning very fhort, and within few weeks make oft {peed to a fecond marriage. She doth not onely live fole and fingle, but chafte and honeft. We know pefthoufes alwayes ftand alone; and yet are Fall of infectious difeafes. Solitarineffe is not an infal- lible argument of fanétity : and it is not enough to be unmarried, but to be undefiled. Though going abroad Jometimes about ber bufineffe, fhe never ies it her bujinef] e to yo abroad. Indeed man goeth forth to his labour,anda widow incivill affairs is oiten forced ‘to act a double part of man and woman, and mutt go ‘abroad to folicite her bufineffei pérfon, what fhe cannot do by the proxte of her friends. Yet even then ~ ‘fhe is moft carefull of her credit, and tender of her ‘modefty, not impudently thrufting into the fociety oi men. Oh ‘tis improper for tinder to ftrike fire,and for ‘their fexe which are to be {ued to, firft to intrude, and offer their companie. She loves to look on her husbands pitture, in the children he hath left her : not foolifhly fond over thema for their fa- ‘thers fake (this were to kill them in honour of the | dead ) but giveth them carefull education. Her hus- ‘bands friends are ever her welcomeft guelts, whom ‘fhe entertaineth with her beft cheer, and with ho- | nourable mention of their friends, and her husbands memorie. = I _ — ge LT Se eT e pute the long lives of the Patriarks before the flood |? | Cg friends coming to the funerall , know not which | 3 3 ” aes » utd. Augylf. | dé ¢ vitat. bi 10, Gs 12. Ps £2 Pe 25 en RE OT EI LETS I TE IIE OT TT ede ao we tewi ere ce ee ee eee OS DIOL ELIS 26 m~] | : , 7 : ; * a | | | oI ELE SS, 2 eA The Hol y State. Book L. ee | If fhe 1 CAN Ip peak k ittl € gon Lof I mM, “fhe [peaks but little of | him. So ha ndfomely folding g up her cee , that his | 'wirtues are Lhown:outw ards, and his ‘vices wrappe ed | ‘up in filence,as counting 1t b Barbar me to throw dirt r She is a Pasipins for his credit if any {peak againtt | ‘him. Foolifh is their projet who by raking up bad ‘(avour againit their former ‘husbands think thereby | to verfuime tl their be d for a fecond marriage. | She putteth her efpeciall confidence in Gods providence. Sute-| ‘Ly if he be a fatl ver to the father rerleffe, je, it mutt needs follow | | er 1e is an husband tothe ia And cherefore | | | | on his smemorie who hath moulds caft on his body. | fhe feeks to gain and keep his love unto her, by her conftant prayer and —. lite. She will not. morgage her > fir It. husbands pawns, ther eby to | purchafe the good will of a Jecond. If fhe marrieth ( for | which fhe hath the Apoftles licence, notto fay man- date, Iwill that the younger Widows marry ) fhe will not a- br idge her children of that which juftly belongs unto them. Surely a broken faith to the former is but a | weak foundation to build thereon a loyall affection to 'a latter love. Yet if fhe becomes a mother in law there lisno difference betwixt her carriage to her own axed | her fecond husbands children, Cai that fhe is leverelt | to her own, over whom fhe hath the fle j juri {diction. | And if her fecond ‘husbands children by a former wife | commit a fault, fhe had rather bind them over to an- | fwer for it before their own father, then to correét them her felt, to avoid all fufpicion oh hard ufing of them. | ' { ; ae eee os CyHap. ile er a i et a = : ee TMT ROPE Le ee Pf Call : “7s ; oe : SEE cis PAVLA Widdow of Toxotius ,and Mother. to Evitochium. She/Died at Bethlehem, An® dont 40 4, Alged 56 ycarcs § moneths 21 dayes a. ena — wm, cu :| wt = rear = oe CaP. HU. T he life of the Lady Pauva. Hat 2 ( will fome fay) having a wood of widows of upright converlation, muft you needs gather one crooked with fuperftition to: be pat- tern to all the reft2muft Paula be their prefident? whole | | life was a very mafle-book, fo that if every point of | | popery were loft, they might be found in her practice. | | Nothing leffe. Indeed Paula lived in an age which | | was, as I may fay,in the knuckle and bending betwixt | 3 the ee EN ee enema ee —_—___. i — a aninineneniininnn ena | — —_ wT 4 x — The Holy. States Book I. | \ } { | / YY | ~——— ee ithe primitive times and fuperftition popery being then | la hatching, but farre from being fledg’d. Yea no Papilt /(though picking out here and there fome paflages | which make to his purpote ) will make her practice in | grofle the {quare of his own : for where fhe embraces ome fuperftitions w ith her left hand, fhe thrutts a- | way more with her right. I have therefore principally | made choice to write her life,that I may acquaint both | my felfand the reader with the garb of that age 10 |Church-matters, wherein were many remarkable pat-| fages, otherwife | might and would have taken a farre fitcer example. I know two trades together are too'much for one man to thrive upon, and too much it is for meto be an Hiftorian and a Critick, to relate and to judge : yet fince Paula, though a gratious woman, was guilty of fome great errorirs, give me leave to hold a pencil in one hand and 4fpunge in the other, both to draw her life and dafh it where it is faultie. And let us that live in purer times be thankfull to God for our light, and ule our quicker fight to. guide our feet in Gods | paths, left we reel from one extremitie to another. | Tocome tothe Lady Paula’s birth : the Noblett | blood in the world by a-confluence ran in her- veins. I muft confeffe the moft Ancient Nobilitie is junior to no Nobilitie, when all men were equall. Yet give o- thers leave to fee Moles his face to thine, when he knew itnot himfelf, and feeing Paula was pleafed | not to know, but to neglect and trample on her high —— ‘birch we are bound. to take notice thereof. She was rpit.ad Eu- | defcended from * Agamemnon’, Scipio, atid the 6 = Gracchi's, and her husband ‘Foxotius from * Aineas, lee ah, = and the Julian familie. {othatin theit marriage the 1)2. wartés of the Grecians and’ Frojanes were reconciled. Some years they lived together in the Citie of Rome, ‘in holy and happy wedlock, andto her husband fhe bare foure daughters, Blefilla,Paulina,Euftochium,and Ruffina. a OD A ST Chap. #1. The life of Paula. Rufhna. Yet {hil her husband long’d for potteritie, like thofe who are fo covetous ofa male heir, they! count none children but fonnes : and at laft God,who > keeps the beft for the clofe,beftowed T oxotius,a young | fiy oO fonne upon her. | But commonly after a great blesfing comes a great | croffe:{carce was fhe made a mother to a fonne,when | fhe was made a widow, which to her was a great and | grievous affliction. But as arubbe to an overthrown | bowl proves an help by hindering it ; fo afflictions | bring the fouls of Gods Saints to the mark, which, otherwile would be gone and traniported with too} much earthly happinefle. However Paula gtieved lit-| tle lefle then excestively hereat, {he being a woman chat in all her actions (to be fure to do enough ) made | alwayes meafure with advantage. Yet in time fhé overcame her {orrow, herein being asfifted by the counfel and comforc of S. Hierome, | whofe conftant frequenting of her, commented upon | by his enemies malice ( which will pry narrowly and | talk broadly )-gave occafion to the report, that he ac-| companied with her for difhoneft intents. Surely if the accufations of flanderous tongues be proofs, the primitive times had no Churches~but flews itis to} be iulpected that * Ruffin his {worn enemie railed the | piniiaia epi. ’ a) tite ee report , and if the Lady Paula’s memorie wanted ay. compurgatour, 1 would be one my felt, it being am- | probable that thole her-eyes would burn with luft which were conftantly drownd with tears. Butthe| reader may find S. Hierome purging * himfel!,and he Panes who had his tongue and an snocent heart needed no | Teg body elfé to {peak for him. ! vt Bet le happened that the Bifhops of the Eaft arid Welt | 193. x Hier ony VF | were fummoned by the * Efperours letters to appear | Epift. predi: | at Rome for the according of fome differences in the | 17+ Churdh (lt feemes by this that the Pope did not fo command in chief ac Rome, but that the power of E 2 — congregatin A _—_—— SS ne en ee | taphium Paula | neal The Holy State. | congregating Synods {till refided in the Emperout. ) ‘Hither came Paulinus Bifhop of Antioch,and Epipha- nin Bifhop of Salamine in Cyprus, who lodged at the | Lady Paula’s, and his virtues fo wrought upon her, that fhe determined to leave her native countrey, and leo travel into the Eaft, and in Judea to {pend the re- | mainder of her life. The reafons that moved her to re- move, was becaule Rome wasa place of riot and lu- xury, her foul being almoft ftifled with the frequencie of Ladyes vifits , and fhe feared courtefie in her would juftle out piety, fhe being fain to crowd up Ler devotions to make, room for civill entertain- ‘ments. Befides , of her own nature dhe ever loved privacie anda fequeftred life, being of the Pelicans nature, which ufe not to flie in flocks. Laftly, fhe conceived that the fight of thofe holy places would | be the beft comment on the Hiftory of the Bible, and |faften the paflages thereof in hermind. Wherefore fhe intended to furvey all Paleftine, and at laft to goto Bethlehem, making Chrifts inne her home, and to die there where he was born, leaving three of her daughters , and her poore infant Toxotius behind | her. For mine own part, | think fhe had done as accept- able a deed to God, in ftaying behind to rock her child in the cradle, as to vilit Chrifts. manger, feeing | Grace doth not cut of the affetions of nature but ripen them : the rather, becaufe Chriftianity is not} | naild to Chrifts crofle and mount Calvary, nor Piety faftned ( as we may fay ) to the freehold of the land of ) Paleftine. But if any Papift make her a pattern for pil- | grimages, let them remember that fhe went from ‘Rome : and was it not an unnaturall motion in her to ‘move from that centre of Sanctitie ? | She with her daughter Euftochium began her jour- nie, and taking Cyprus in her way, where fhe vifited Epiphanius, fhe came at laft to Judea. She meafured | that sween swears ee TE —_ ee ne = eset |G Shap. 1 x . Shel life of P Paula. —=—— A em = a a" —— Ey a A jen that countrey with her trav velling, and drew the trueft mappe thereof with her own feet, recites that fhe left out:no particular place of importance. At laft fhe was fixed at Bethlehem, where fhe built one mo-| vafterie for men, and thtee for woinen. It will be | worth our pains to take notice of fome principall of he orders fhe made in thofe feminine Academies ; though thole that came after her went beyond | rer. For in the rules of monafticall life, Paula ftood at the | : head game, and the Papitts 1 in after 2 ages, defirous to) | better her hand; drew themfe lve S quite out. Each mona erie had a chief matrone, whilft P aula | was Principal overalko Thek fecieties were feverd| at their meat and work, but met together at: their | prayers : they’ were carefully kept apart from’ men, | not like thofe Epicoene monafteries not long fince in-| vented by Joan Queen of Sweden, !w heréin’ frien od women lived under one roof, not to {peak of worle libertines. Well were Nunnes called Reclufes, which ac- | cording to the true meaning of the word fignific thole | which areifet wide open, of left at libertie, though | that Barbarous age miftook the fenfe ofthe wotd, for {uch as were thie: up; and might not ftirre out Bf thei | becaufe Paula’s practice herein was a leading) cafe; | | They uled to fing Halelujah, which ferv’d them | both for a plalm, and a bell to call them all together. | In the * morning, at nine a clock, at noon, at three a | * Mane hora | clock in the afternoon, and at night they had prayers, | and lang the pfalmes inorder. This I believe gave orig as to canonicall houres. The Apotties precept / p. | } 25 » ee sti loton * Cloyiter. mee (1a, text4., Nd y WE {per i, Hieron, in a 7 hilt is the plain fong, Pray continually ; .and thus mens in- Pale ftine he ventions ran cheat defcants upon ic and confin’d it to | | certa in houres. A practice in it felf not fo bad for) thofe who have leifurre to obferve it, fave that when devotion is thus artificially plaited into houres it may take up mens minds in formalities to neglect the fub- | a They | nr Se et oe RRR ee a LO OO AL AC LL OE IL ~~ aneth the Fe wilh COWADL tat} eal hres ~ — >. einai ° ; Rng i | } | | | | | | nen —- _————— SE aE EE oe aE : The Holy State. Book I. Cel hey rofe alfo at midnight to fing pfalmes. A ‘cuftome begun before in the ume of perlecution , when the Chriftians were forced to be Antipodes to bother men, fo that when it was night with others, it —_— —— | was day with them, and they then began their devo- ‘tions. [hele night-prayers, begun in neceslitie, were continued in Paula’s time in gratefull remembrance, ‘and fince corrupted with fuperfticion : the beft is their ‘rifing at midnight breaks none of our {leep. Thefe virgins did every day learn {ome part of the holy Scriptures ; whereas thofe Nunnes which pre- tend to fucceed them learn onely with poft-hortes to ‘run over the ftage of their beads( fo many Ave Maries, land Pater nofters ) and are ignorant in all the Scripture ‘befides. Such as were faultie, fhe caufed to take their meat apart from others at the entrance: of the dining- ‘room. ; with which mild feveritie fhe reclaimed many: Abate in ingenuous natures making a deeper impresf1- ‘on then, pain. Mean time I find amongift them no vow of virginitie, no tyrannicall Penance, no whip- ping themlelves . as if not content to interre their |f{innes in Chrifts grave, they had rather bury them in | furrows digg d in their own backs. They wrought hard to get their living, and on the Lords day alone went out of their monatterie to hear Gods word. Yet was fhe more rigid and fevere towards her felf, | then to any of them,macerating her body with fafting, and refufing to drink any wine, when advifed there- * Bernard. | [a ty 1 ED SERS C ; * Praia oe" by Phylicians tor het health. So that (as an * holy ‘man complained of himfelt,whileft he went about to fubdue an enemie he kild a fubject ) fhe overturned the ftate of her bodie, and whileft {he thought to {nuff ‘the candle put it quite out. Yea S. Hierome hinilelf, “Hee refero, what his Eloquence herein doth commend in her, his non quod in- ; / = boner ace Charity doth excule, and his Judgement doth * con- M ultra vires ; “}\ : . ~~ fumeaonera Gemmne. But we muft Charitably believe that thefe her sxrobem, p. mite © (eee ees faftings proceeded out of true humiliation and forrow | for Na re ee See eg re ng | Chap. 1. The life of Paula. ‘for her {1 | annexed to them, they are good onely to fill the body | with wind, and the foul with pride. Certainly pro- | digious Popifh felt-penance 1s will-worfhip, and the | pureft Epicurifme, wherein pain is pleafant : for as |long as people impofe it on themfelves, they do not | deny their own will, but fulfill it,and whilft they beat down the body they may puff up. the flefh. | Nor can her immoderate bounty be excufed, who | gave all and more then all away, taking up money at intereft to give to the poore, and leaving Euftochium | her daughter deep in debt, a great charge, and nothing Ito maintain it. Sure none need be more bountitull in | giving then the Sunne is in fhining, which though | freely beftowing his beams on the world keeps not- withftanding the body of light to himfelf. Yea it is neceflary that Liberality fhould as well have banks as a ftream. She was an excellent text-woman, yea could fay the holy Scriptures by heart, and attained to underftand and {peak the Hebrew tongue, a language which hie- rome himfelf got with great difficultie, and kept with conftant ufe (skill in Hebrew will quickly go out, and burn no longer then ‘tis blown ).yet-fhe in her | old age did {peedily learn it. She diligently heard Hierome expounding the oldand new Teftament, asking him many doubts, and Queres in difficult | places ( fuch conftant {couring makes our knowledge brighter ) and would not fuffer his judgement to ftand neuter in hard points , but made him exprefle the probable opinion. Moft naturally flie from death , Gods Saints {tand Gill cill death comes tothem;Paula went out to mectit, | not to fay, call’d death unto her by confuming het felf |in fafting : fhe died in the fiftie frxth yeare of her age, | and was folemnly buried in Bethlehem. People of all | countreys Hockt to her funerall : Bifhops carried her | F ‘ corps ee 8 er er alas ——— ee ee aeeens 2 ~ 5 a) innes ; otherwife where opinion of merit is | 3 aan a ers A de en tht te 6 I Se rte aS ew oe tenement EAL rl Pe A A a I CARED ON \ \brothers and fifters to provide*for,-quos_/u/tentare 8 ee Book I. | he Holy State. EAA See es corps to the grave : others carried torches and lamps | before it, which though fome may condemne to be but burning of day was no more then needed, fhe be- 3 = . fi er ; * aed es ~ a +6, sons ing buried ina cave or grot as an" eye itnefle doth ;: . Travells, pag. 179+ ‘te(tifie. Pfalmes were fung at her buriall inthe He- ‘brew, Greek, Latine, and Syriack tongue, it being fit | there fhould be a key for every lock, and languages to ibe underftood by all the mifcelany company there | srefent. | Enftochium her daughter had little comfort to be Executrix or Adminiftratrix unto her , —— her not a pennie of monie, great debts, and many | arduum, abjicere impwm. Tlike not this charitie rever- fed when it begins farre off & neglects thole at home. To conclude , I can do her memorie no better | right, then to confefle {he was wrong in fomethings. Yet furely Gods Glory was the mark fhe fhot at, though herein the hand of her practice did fometimes fhake, and oftener the eye of her judgement did take wrong aim. | Cap. 12. | The conftant Virgin / TS one who hath madea refolition with herfelf to live chafte, and unmarryed. Now there is a grand | difference betwixt a Refolution and a Vow. The for- ‘mer isa covenant drawn up betwixt the party and herfelf. and commonly runs with this claufe, durante | noffro beneplacito,as long as we {hall think fitting ;and ‘therefore on jult occalion fhe may givea releafe to herfelt. But ina vow God is interefted as the Credi- tour, fo that except he be pleafed to give up the band | none can give an acquittance to themfelves. Being now to defcribe the Virgin, let the reader know that | virginity belongs to both fexes . and though in Cour- tefie nee ww SS ae a ener ea aaa OFC ES -- | Chap. 12. The conftant Virgin. tefie we make our Maid a female, let not my pen be chalenged. of improprietie , if cafually fornetimes it ‘light on the Mafculine Gender. She choofetlh not 4 fingle life folely for its felf, but in reference | to the better ferving of God. 1 know none but beggars that — “a>: : : ' defire the Church-Porch to lye in, which others onely ule as a paflage into the Church. Virginity is none of thofe things to be defired in and for it {elf, but be- caufe it leads a more convenient way to the worfhip- ping of God, efpecially in time of perlecution. For then if Chriftians be forced to run races for their lives, | the unmarryed. have the advantage, lighter by many | ounces, and freed from much encumbrance, which the married are fubjeét to ; who, though private Per- fons, herein are like Princes, they mutt have their train follow them. | She improveth her fingle life therewith to ferve God the more conftantly.. Houfekeepers cannot to exactly mark all their family-affairs , but that fometimes their ranks 3 Maxime I will be broken, which diforder by neceflary confe- quence will difturb their duties of pietie, to make them contracted, omitted; or unfeafonably performed. The Apoftle faith, Such fha'l have troubles in the flefh ; and erant chem fanétifed troubles, yet even Holy-thiftle and Sweet-brier have their prickles. But the Virgin is | freed from thefe encumbrances. No lording Husband (hall at the fame time cominand her prefence and diftance, to be alwayes near in conftant attendance, and alwayes to fand aloof off inan awfull obfer- vance ; fo that providing his break-faft hazards her foul to fafta meal of morning prayer: No crying Children fhall drown her finging of pfalmes, and put her devotion out of tune: No unfaithfull Servants ‘fhall force her to divide her eyes betwixt lifting them |up to God and cafting them down to overfee their 'work , but making her Clofer her Chappell, fh freely enjoyeth God and good thoughts at what am | fhe pleafeth. F 2 Oar Le c C Yet ei 35 | are wh 2 ee rem eee. ot Tr a es = ee A . EL AE eee niall The He ly State: Book I } Yet in all her difcourfe fhe maketh an honourable mention of | marriage. And good reafon that virginity fhould pay a ‘chief rent of honour unto it; as acknowledging her felfe to bea colonia deduéta trom ‘it. Unworthy is the | practice ofthofe who in their difcourfe plant all theit |argumenits point-blank to batter down the married ‘eftate, bitterly inveighing againft it , yea bale is.the ‘behaviour of fome young men, who can {peak no- ching but Satyres again{t Gods ordinance of Matrimo- | | ny, and the whole fex of women: ‘This they do either out of deep diflimulation, to divert fupicion, that they may prey the farthelt trom their holes; or elle they do it out of revenge : havinigythemielves. former- ly lighted on bad women (yet no worle then they deferved)they curfe all adventures becaute of their own {hipwrack . ot laftly they do it out ot mere fpight to nature and God himfelf: and pity itis burt that their fathers had been of the fame opinion. Yet it may be tolerable if onely in harmlefle mirth they chance to beftow a jeft upon the follyes of married people. Thus when a Gentlewoman told an ancient Batche- lour who lookd very young, that fhe thought he had reaten a {nake ; No mifiris ( faid he ) it is becaufe 1 never | meddled With any Jnakes which maketh me look [o young. She counts her felf better loft i a-modeft filence then found in a bold difcourfe. Divinity permits not women to {peak | in the Church ; morality forbids maids to talk in the Houle, where their betters are prefent. She is farre from the humours of thofe, who ( more bridling in their chinnes then their tongues )love in their conftant | prating to make fweet mufick to their own ears, and |harfh jarring to all the reft of the company : yea as 'fome report of {heep, that when they runne they are : afraid of the noife of their own feet . fo our Virgin is |airaid to heare her own tongue runne in the prefence of graver perfons. She conceives the bold maintain- ing of any argliment concludes againft her owmcivil | behaviour . DEE I Cn a ae ee ee te ee A EE - ee, ———— ee annEnanaeninees Chap. 12. en T he conftant V; Irgin behaviour ; andvyet {he will give agood accou any thing whereof fhe is queftioned, fufficient to fhew her filence is her choice, nother refuge. In fpeak-, ing fhe ftudioufly avoids -all: falpicious expresfions, which wanton apprehenfions may colourably com-| ment into oblcenity. | She blufheth at the wanton dilcourfe of others mn her company. As feating that being inthe prefence where treafon againit modefty is {poken, all in the place willbe ar- taigned for principalls : yea if filent, fhe is afraid to be taken to content : if offering to confute it, fhe fears left by ftirring a dunghill, the favour may be more noy- fome: Wherefore that fhe may not tuffer in her ticle to modefty, to preferve her right {he enters a filent ca- veat by a blufh in her cheeks, and embraceth the next opportunity to get a gaole-delivery out of that compa- ny where {he was’ detained in durance. Now becaule we have’ mentioned Blufhing, which is fo frequent with virgins that it 1s called a maidens blufh,-( as it they alone hada patent to die this colour ) give us' leave a lictle to enlarge our felves on this fubject. 1 Blufbing oftentimes proceeds from guiltines ; when. the of- fender being purfued after feeks as it were to hide himfelf under the vifard of a new=face: 2 Blufhing is othertimes rather a compurgatour then an acculer; fot arifing from guiltinefle in our Virgin, but fom one of thefe reafons : Firft becaule fhe is furprifed with a fudden accufation, and though armed with innocency, that fhe cannot be pier- ced, yet may fhe be amazed with fo unexpected a charge. Secondly from fenfiblenefle of difgrace, afhamed, though innocent, to be within the fafpicion of fuch faults, and that fhe hath carried her felf {o that any tongue durft be fo impudent | as to lay it to her charge. Thirdly from a dilability rovacquit her felf at the inftant (her integrity warting rather clearing then clearnefle ) and per- a chance rm ae ee nt of ane ees 4 a ee } } / i | ’ ——— rea eee enna TTA 28 The Holy, State. Book I. 7 a“ ee —— ar es | chance fhe-wants boldneffe to traverle the action, and fo non-fuiting her felf, fhe: fears her caule will fuffer inthe judgements of all that be prefent: and although accufed but in jeft, fhe is jealous the accufation will be believed in earnelt ; and edg’d tools thrown in merriment may wound. reputations. Fourthly out of mere anger: foras in fear the blood makes not an orderly retreat but a confuled flight to the heart - fo in blufhing the blood {allies out into our Virgins cheeks, and feems as a champion. to challenge the accufer for wronging her. 3 Where {mall faults are committed blufhing, obtaines a pardon of courfe with imgenuows bebolders. As it fhe be. guilty of cafuall incivilities, or foloeci{mes in’ manners occafioned by invincible ignorance, and unavoid- able miftakes, in fuch a cafe blufhing is.a fuffici- ent penance to reftore her to her ftate of, inno- cencie. 6 She imprifons not her elf with a folemn vow never to marry. ‘For firft, none know their own ftrength herein. Who | hath failed about the world of his own heart, founded ‘each creek, furveied’ each cornet, but that {till there ‘remains therein much terra incognita to himfelf ? Juni- Janine in |S, at the firftlittle better thgn a. Milogynift, was hime, | afterwards fo altered from himfelf, that he fuccesfive- ly married foure wives. Secondly,. flefhly corruption: being pent will fwell the more, and Shemei being confin'd to Jerufalem will have the greater mind to | gad to Gath. Thirdly, the devil will havea fairer fet ‘mark to fhoot at,and will be moft bufie to make people break their vow. Fourthly, God may juftly de- | fert people for {natching that to themfelves, which is | moft proper for him to give, I mean,Continency. Ob- je& not, that thou wilt pray to him to take from thee all defire of marriage, it being madnefle to vow that one will not eat, and then pray to God that he may | not rere eee. OE ee sew? coe — < re ane a + ee ——= re ee Se Chap: 12. Lhe conflant Virgin. not be hungry. Neither fay that now thou may ‘it pre-| fume on thy felf, becaufe thou art well ftricken in| years, for there may happen an autume-fpring in thy| foul ; and luft isan unmannerly gueft, we know not| how late in the evening of our lives it may intrude | into us for a lodging. | She counts it vergnutie to be unfpotted, not unmarried. Or | elfeeven in old age, when nature hath given an inhi- | bition, they may be {trong in defiring who are weak in acting of wickednefle ; yea they may keep {tews in their hearts, and be fo pregnant and ingravidated with | luftfull thoughts, that they may-as it were die in tra- vail becaufe they cannot be delivered. And though} there be no fire feen outwardly, as in the Englifh chymnies, it may be hotter.within, as inthe Dutch ftoves ; and as well the devils as the Angels in heaven neither marry nor are given tn marriage. As fhe lives with leffe care, Jo [he dies With more cheerful- neffe. Indeed fhe was rather a fojourner, then an in- habitant in this world, and therefore forfakes it with the lefle grief. Ina word, the way to heaven is alike narrow to all eftates, but farre {moother to the Virgin then to the married. Now the great advantage Vir- sins have to ferve God above others, & high-favours he hath beftowed on fome. of them, fhall appear in this | Virgin prophetefle, whofe lite we come to prelent. ree ) ee = eee PS a a net ep 39 ) HILDEGARDIS a Virg S* Rvperts Nunnerye. She diced at Bingen A® Do: i A 18° Aged g W:Mar/hall feulpstt - | i i ———————— | T he life of Hiwpecarvis. | ' | H Ildegardis was born in Germany, in the County : of Spanheim, in the yeare 1099. So that fhe li- ‘ved in an age which we may call the firit cock-crow- ing after the midnight of Ignorance and Superftition. | Her parents ( Hidebert, and Mechtilda ) dedicated her to God from her infancie : And furely thofe ‘whole Childhood, with Hildegardis, hath had the advantage of pious education may be faid to have been ptt EOL me Seen | Chap. 3. The hfe of Hildegardis. At | been good time out of mind, as not able to remember | : the beginning of their own goodnefle. At eight years | ofage fhe became a Nunne under S. Jutta fitter to| | Megenhard,Earl of Spanheim, and aiterwards the was | ‘made Abbelle of S. Ruperts Nunnery in Bingen on | | Rheneain the Palatinate. | i | | -Men commonly do beat and bruile their links be- | ‘fore they light them, to make them burn the brighter: | |God firft humbles and affliG@s whom he interdssto | ‘illuminate. with more then ordinary grace. .Poore | Hildegatdis was conftantly and continually fick, and | | fo * weak that fhe very feldome was {trong enough to | * af enn eT Fuet unt el | | ' \ ab Ipta pene | 'go. But God who denied her legs, gave her Wings, | infantia cre- land raifed her high-mounted foul in Vilions and Re- oarioal Fal | velations. eieee oes lores, ita ue I know a general {candall is caft on Revelations in | pedum in- this ignorant age : firft, becaufe many therein intitled a | the Meteors of their own brain to be Starres at leaft, | 7 oan land afterwards their Revelations have: been revealed | to be forgeries : fecondly, becaule that night-raven did change his black feathers into the filver wings of a dove, and transforming himfelf into an Angel of light deluded many with {trange raptures and vilions, | though ‘no their nature farre different from-thole in | the Bible. For S. Paul in his Revelations was caught | up into the third heaven. . whereas moft Monks | with a contrary motion were carried into hell and | | urgatorie, and there {aw apparitions of ftrange tor- | ments. Alfo S. Johns Revelation forbids all additi- | lons to the Bible, under heavie penalties ; their vilions | | are commonly on purpele to piece out the Scripture, | | | | avdis. libs 1. Cap. Ze (em avila Hilde- | SE Lee 2 ae tee ptr a ee land to eftablifh fuch fuperftitions as have no footing = !in Gods word. } However all held Hildegardis for a Prophet, being ‘induced thereunto by the piety of het life : no breck | was ever found in. her veil, fo fpotlefle was hef con- | verlation by the fanctity of her writings, and by the | G generall | jo meee nena Se am a ccna LE LE as HR TORI SES Scriptor Ecclef. | fol. 92. ae a \ The Holy State. Book | ; ——_—__— wR -| i ‘general approbation aha Chirch gave unto her. a Pope Eugenius the third, after exact examination of | ‘the matter, did inthe ¢ Councell of Trevers ( wherein S. ovtiard was prefent ) al allow and priy tledge her | | Revelations for authenticall. She was of the ae S| | Conclave, and Emperours Count fel, to whom they | had recourle in difficulties : yea the oreatett torches of | ithe Church lighted themfelves at her candle. ‘The Pa-| ‘triarch ok Jenufilem, the Bifhops of Mentz, Coien, | | Breme, Tre ever fent fuch knots as po! fed their gern’ fingers to our Hildegardis to untie. | She never hom d aia of Latine ; and yet * there | | | | would fhe fluently exprefle her dKkewelations to nore notaries that took them from her mouth ; fo that | throwi ing W ords at randome fhe never brake P ri! clan’ $ | head : as if ro Latine had learn’d to make it fel! si without the ipe yeakers care. And no doubt, he coat | brought the fingle parties to her married them alfo in her mouth, fo “that the fame Spirit which furnifhe ed | het with tine words made alfothe true Syntaxis. eT none objeét that her very writing of fiity eight Hoi ai lies on ie Golpel is falfe Lontlemttion. where the fe- | 'minine Gender a{lumes an employment proper tO | |men : for though S. Paul filenceth women tor {peak- | | ing in the Church, I know no Seripture forbids them | from writing on Scripture. | Such infufed skill fhe had alfo of Mufick, whereof fhe was naturally ignorant, and wrote a whole book | | of verfes very g good ‘according to thole ttmes.Indeed in that age the trumpet of the warlike Heroick, and the {weet harp of the Lyrick verle,were all turned into che | gingling of Cymballs, tinckling with rhythmes, and | like. founding cadencies. | | Butletus hearea few lines of her Prophecies, and [thence guelle the teft.Jn thofe dayes there ill “g up a people | Without undey boars , proud covetous, and deceitful the which | ll eat the fins of the people bok ling a certain order of Ffoolifh de- vott OO a ee ee eS ‘ : . : ee ! oe OO SS IE a a | ty roe 1 ee eT oe ne ae ae eam | Chap. 13. The hfe of Hildegardis. ) | potion under the feigned cloke of beg gery. Alfo they [ball inftantly | | preach Without devotion or example of the holy Martyrs, and | | [hall detratt from the Jecular Princes, taking away the Sacra | ments of the Church from the true paftours, vecetving almes of | the poore, having familiarity With women, iniftructing them how | they [hall deceive thew husbands, and rob their husbands 10 9 tye | « See much | it unto them, * &c. What could be taid more plain.to | "é % this a — purpofein Ca- | | draw out to the life thofe Mendicant friers ( rogues ‘by aloe. Teftiuns Veritativin ' } | | Gods ftatutes ) which afterwards f{warm’d in ONE | Hildegarde Alfo in Fores | i ; - | world. ss ans | 4075 ana mo- Heare alfo how fhe foretold the low water of ‘Ti | 7ents,p. | 401, ber, whileft as yet it was full tide there. Lhe Kings and o- | ther Rulers of the world, being ftirred up by the juft judgement of God, [hall fet them|elves again|t them, and run wpon them, fang, We will not have thefe men to reigne over us with their rich houfes , and great poffe sions, and other Worldly riches, over the which we are ordained to be Lords and ‘Rulers : and how 1s it meet or comely that thoje [havelings With their jftoles.and che- | fils hould. have more Jouldiers or richer armour and. artillery | ‘then we 2 Wherefore let us take away from them What they do not juftly but wrongfully poffeffe. It is well the Index expurgatorius was not up in thole dayes,nor the Inquifition on foot,otherwife dame Hil- degardis mutt have been call’d-to-an after account. | will onely ask a Romanitt this queftion, This Pro- | phelie of Hildegardis, was it from heaven of trom. men 21f from heaven, why did ye not believe it ? Ii from men,why did the Pope allow it,& canonize her? As for miracles, which fhe wrought in her lite time, eir number 1S as admirable as their nature. | mutt th lconfefle at my firit reading * of them; my belief di- | * 7 Lipoman. in vitis Santte sefted fome, but furfeted on the reft : for fhe made no | Tom. 5 fo more to caft out a devil, then a barber to draw a tooth, and with lefle pain to the patient. I nevet heard | of a great feaft made all of Cordialls : and it feems improbable that miracles (which in Scripture are ufed fparingly, and chiefly for converfion of unbelievers ) : G 2 {fhould ee ee 2 ——— ners 91. & fequens | (CsCl Deb Loly Soave: Book I. | U — eee et te EC ET Oe eS cer me | fhould be heaped fo many together, nade every dayes | a | work, and by her commonly, conftantly, and. ordi- | et | inarily, wrought. And 1 pray why 1s the Popith| : | Church (> barren of true works nowadayes here | | wrought at home amonglt us ? For as for thole report- | led to be done farre of, it were ill for fome if the gold | ‘from the Indies would abide the touch no better then | | the miracles. | | However Hildegardis was a gratious Virgin, and | |G od might perforrn fome great wonders by her hand, | | but thele pie fraudes with their painting have {poyled| ithe naturall complexion of many a good face, and | have made Truth it felf fufpected. She dyed in the| | 82. yeare of her age, was afterwards Sainted by the| | Pope, and the 17 day of September asfign’d to her | memory. [cannot forget how Udalrick Abbat of Kempten *Brufchivs \in Germany madéa moft *courteous law for the Demonalter & m= . ; cenrwriatores, | Weaker fexe, That no woman, guilty of what crime See RS FRO ages BOER LL OO eee x ee eS Cex Ui = . . . . i oa a: "| foever, fhould ever be put to death in his dominions, | becaule two women condemn’d to die were miracu- | loufly delivered out of the prifon by praying to S. Hil- | degardis. ADORE A EE —EE ane Crap. 14, | | The Elder Brother } JS one who made haft to come into the world to | L bring his Parents the firft news of male-pofterity ‘and is well rewarded for his tidings. His compofiti- | on is then accounted moft pretious when made of the | |lofle of a double Virginitie. | Maximer\ . Ale is thankfull for the advantage God gave him at the tt — —— nnn mii . _ ” > “u& } } > . . 1 ‘ 2S ETT ~ | “t ‘ t/ > VACC Ti ay) MW iLL (/ = 3 OC | / sakes fiarting in the race into this wo ld. \ hen twinnes have | | basex wtroque, Deen even match’d, one hath gained the gole burby| | mixlim Tom . ~ . 4 Mix li OM; | | 40 Col. 874, his length. S. * Auguftine faith, That it is every mans ) SS NE LL CELLED, LOLOL A a bounden ay - ee Se ” hap. i4.. vall. ' 4 > at » aw ’ AD | HaAU{EYY 2 XS r onely “The Elder Brother. : ee = punden duty | folemnly vocolebriate Ms birth day {o, » Elda B rothers m< ay beft afford cood shone on a fet ti~ He. counts not his anh evita ince a Writ of eafe to free him from the Y ‘ounger Brothers came into | ‘the wofla to wor! kK che Elderto cx omplement. Thefe | lare the Toppe: > of Shei r houles indeed, like cotlofts, | | higheft and empticl. 1 7 Rather he labourdeh to faaiil ‘himfelf-with all Sent tile accomplif{hment, being beft | able to go to the “EIYok learning. He need not Ras tO i bef erved as Ulrick Fugger was (chief of t a noble os il ly of the = in Aufpurg ) who was difinhe- nony onely f for his + ftadioufnette ‘and expeniiv enefle in bu uying coftl ly Manufc ripts. He doth not fo remember he w an Heire, that he fore vets he ts | a Sonne. Wherefore his carriage to his Parents is al- | wayes refpecttull. It Jere chance that his father may | be kept in a charitable Prifon, whereot his Sonne-hath lrited of a great t pat 3 sh and the lands entaild on our young Gentleman. In, fuch a cafe when itis in his power, if necesfity re- | >| | quires, he enlargeth his father to fucha reafonable | 1 felt eis = ' a; } f i s—prvrther APIIY! ¢ He PuLTUr vit bi UJ | _ | L- pe EXECU ' | wt | where sin the Prince {uffered. FILIVs ante DIeM patrlos IngV Irit In annos. | 1568. | : Me, the oVer-hafty [ sso Seeks forth ho} VV nea the fa thers LIfe Is Done. ‘ay e T Before the tl, enemies ee ow = the keyes ; t the old man being onely Tenant for life. | | | proport rion Of ‘liberty as may not be injurious co him- fathers Life then bis Living. This | | was one of cive p srincipall reafons ( but God ‘knows | 10W ttle ) w ext »hilip the fecond, King of Spain, | . are 1568. Charles his Eldeft Sonne to | ae for lotting his fathers death, as was pre- tended. Anda™* Wit in fuch difficult toyes accommo- | | dated the numerall letters in Ovids verfe to the yeare | ee 1568. G 3 But —— $$ ae + 3 * Opmerus was the Au- thour thereof : | Famianus | Strada de bello Belgica lib. 7.pag. 432. * Thuan. de obit. vir. dog, in Ani. | 1584. ee ee Sa CE ee es et o> Soe oS er ee weer arr eer tot et re ns ne ee LT TS — on S¢ 1pt0es 7 But if thev had no better evidence again{t him but this * Plutay.in the life of ~ Book 1. | le Holy State. ‘poeticall Synchronilme, we might well count hima | |martyr. z ; y | His fathers deeds and grants he ratifies and con vm. It a | Aitch be fallen in a leafe, he will not widen it into an ‘hole by cavilling, till the whole ftrength of the grant | un out thereat ; or take advantage ol the defaule of the |Clark in writing W here the deed appears really done, land on a valuable confideration : He counts himfelt | bound in honour to perform what by marks and | | lignes he plainly underftands his father meant, though | he {pake it not out. | He refleéteth hus luftre to grace and credit bis. younger bre- thren. Thus Scipio Africanus, after his great victories againf{t the Carthaginians and cenquering of Hanni- bal, was content to lerve as a lof Afia, under Lucius Scipio his younger Brother. | He relieveth his diftref]ed kinred, yet fo aé be continues them | in their calling. Otherwile they would all make his houfe their hofpitall, his kinred their calling. When one being an Husbandman challenged kinred of Ro- bert Grofthead Bithop of Lincoln, and thereupon re- quefted favour of him to beftow an office on him, Conjen ( quoth the Bifhop ) if your cart be broken, le mena it; i your plough old, Lle give you 4 new one , and feed to fow your land : but an Hlusbandman I found you , and an Flusbandman Tle leave you. It is better to eale poore kinred in their P rofesfion, then to eale them * T jeutenant inthe warres fom their Profesfion. He is carefull to [upport the credit-and dignity of his family : neither wafting his paternall eftate by his unthritti- nefle, nor marring It by parcelling his ancient man- nours and demefnes amongit his younger children, whom he provides for by annuities, pentions, mo- neys, leafes , and purchated lands. He remembers how when our King Alfred divided the river of Lee ( which parts Hartfordfhire and Effex ).into three | . {treams, en a ne - SS ee = | Chap. is. fireams, 5 {o Dhalicer th he Younge row, W oe formerly { {hips did ride. i | |: n Leicefterfhire and elfewhere in En [co unt, eftate and livelihood ) is at this da ‘tinct. For when $'. Thomas W ood! ord 11 ad of ‘King Henrie the fixth made almoft on of ae means betwixt his five Oa | gla nN id i in Oreat ac VY y qi ute ex an Houle in {hort [pace utterly decay’d . not his lands now in the* male line, fome whereof lived to be brought to a lo ebbe of Fernie. Yet on the other fide to |, tenure OF b Thu i tamily of the Wood! ‘ords ( ( which a és long contin: c9 even pa;rtciti Grandchildren, the ts CO LL | te] | not % | a . o cne Ati i any part of | name of any Ol ave all to the s eldeft, and make no provilion for sg ved of chil fase is againit all rules of religion forg jetting heie | Chriftian-name to remember seit Crap. t. T he Younger Brother. r-na ume. ee | fis Ome account him the better Gentleman of the | two, becaufe fonne to the more ancient Gentle- man. W t acaiss his Elder Brother can give him the hearing, anda {mile into the bargain. | te {hares e- qua mis “wick his Elder Brother im. the-education, but | differs from him in his portion, and though he giveth alfo his Fathers Armes, yet to ule the Herauld’s lan: guage, he may fay, This tomy Elder Brother Imuft jield, [ have the Charge but be hath all the F ield. Like herein to a young nephew o Rome; who was maintenance, becaule his Gomhiiiicles left him no- |thing, It was therefore a mannerly anfwer whicha young Gentleman gave to King James, when he ask- ed him what kinase he was to fuch aLord of his name : — your Majeftie ( {aid he ) my Elder ‘Brother as his Con len german. called * Egereus of Yarquines in | from wantung of | * eee | | | LS ———— a, oe 2s we The Holy State. ; i el a adi Bi | Maximet\ He repines not at the Providence of God in ordering ie ‘birth. Heirs are made, even where matches are, both } | in heaven. Even in twinnes God will have one next the doore to come firlt into the world. | He labours by his endeavours to date bimfelf an Elder Bro- | bey. Nature makes but one ; Indultry doth make all ithe fonnes of the fame man Heirs. The fourth Bro- ther gives a Martilet for the difference of his Armes : a tie se % obferved to build either in Caftles, Steeples, or differences of Ships ; fhewing that the bearer hereof being debarr’d Armes. from all hopes ot his fathers inheritance, muft feek by /warte, learning, or merchandize to advance his eftate. | In warre he cuts out his fortunes with bi own [word. ‘William the Conquerour, when he firft landed his forces in England, burnt all his fhips ; that defpair to | return might make his men the more valiant, Y ounger |Brothers,being cut off at home fro all hopes , are more |zealous to purchale an honourable fupport abroad. | Their {mall Arteries with great Spirits have wrought | miracles, & their refolution hath driven fuccefle betore ic. Many of them have adventured to cheapen dear en- terprifes,& were onely able to pay the earneft, yet for- tune hath accepted them for chapmen, and hath freely forgiven thé the reft of the payment for their boldnes. 4 | WNorare they leffe happy if applying themfelves to their book. | Nature generally giving them good wits, which be- | caufe they want room to burnifh may the better af- ford to foar high. | But he gaineth more wealth if betaking bimfelf to merchan- ‘dize. Whence often he rifeth to the createft annuall honour in the kingdome. Many families in England ‘though not firft railed fro the City,yet thence have been (o> reftored and enriched that it may feem to amount toan originall raifing. Neither doth an apprentilhip | extinouifh native, nor difinable to acquifitive Gentry; and they are much miftaken who hold itto be im the nature of bondage. [or firft, his indenture isa civil | contract, eos tJ oS) ‘Chap. 15. The Younger Brother. 49 ‘contract, whereof a bondman is uncapable : fecondly, no work can be bafe prefcribed in reference to a noble | end ,as theirs is that learn an honeft myftery to inable | ‘them for the fervice of God and the Countrey: thirdly, they give round f{ummes of money to be bound. Now ‘ifapprentifhip be a fervitude jit is either a pleafing bon- | dage,or ftrange madnefleto purchafe it at fo dear a rate. Gentry therefore may be fulpended perchance,& aileep | during the apprentilhip, but it awakens afterwards. | Sometimes he raifeth ls eftate by applying bimfelf to the 6 | Court. A pafture wherein Elder: Brothers are obferved | to grow lean, and Younger Brothers fat. ‘The reafons | whereof may be thefe. 1 Younger Brothers,being but {lender in eftate, are eafier bowed to a Court-complyance then Elder Brothers, who ftand more ftiffon their means, and think {corn to crave what may be a Princes pleafure to grant, and their profit to receive. 2 They make the Court their calling, and ftudie the myfterie thereof, whileft Elder Brothers, divi- ded betwixt the Court and the Countrey,can have | their endeavours deep in neither, which run in “| double channell. 3 Elder Brothers {pend highly improportion totheir e- ftates expecting afterwards a return with increale, which notwithftanding never payes the principal : and whileft they thus build fo ftately a ftair-cafe to their preferment, the Younger Brothers get up by the back ftairs in a private filent way, little expence being expected from them that have little. : | Sometimes he lighteth on a Wealthy match to advance him. If 7 | | Meeting with one that is Pilot of her own affections, ‘to fleer them without guidance of her friends, and {uch as difdaineth her marriage fhould be contracted [in an exchange, where joynture muft weigh every | | grain evento the portion. Rather fhe counts it an act | | Se pe EE ao ne Fe ee eee ne ty ecapaaasataaatt CEO EC NLL EEL ATONE CN ett o> . . . ~ both of love and charity to affect one rich in, delerts, H who eee ee - RO LL LOE sheng pcsesteemeseen CL SCTE Holy. Stave. Se wee aaa —— nana ~~ SS eee who commonly hath the advantage of birth, as the | hath of means, and fo it’s made levell betwixt them. | 'And thus many a young Gentleman hath gotten ho- | | nourable maintenance by an Heirefle, efpecially when | ‘the crying of the child hath caufed the laughing of the | | father. | His means the more hardly gotten are the more carefully kept. | | Heat gotten by degrees, with motion and exercile, 1s | ‘more naturall and ftayes longer by one, then what is | ‘gotten all at once by coming to the fire. Goods ac- | | Oo . > e quired by induitry prove commonly more lafting then | lands by defcent. | | He ever owneth his Elder Brother with dutifull reJpect > | | yea though God fhould fo bleffe his endeavours as to | | go beyond him in wealth and honour. The pride of | ithe Jefinites is generally taxed, who being the youngeft | of all other Orders, and therefore by canon to go laft, | fe tee will never go in * Procelsion | with other Orders, be-| Catechifm. | catfe they will not come behind them. | 10 Sometimes the Paternall inheritance falls to them who never hoped to rife toit. Thus John, firnamed Sans-terre, or, | | Without land, having five Elder Brothers came to the! ‘kingdome of England, death levelling thole which | ftood betwixt him and the Crown. Iris obfervd of| ithe * Coringtons, an ancient familie in Cornwall, that | | ; * Carew Sur - vey of Corn- wall.fol. 117. . o | for eight lineall defcents never any one that was born | heir had the land, but it ever fell to Younger Brothers. | To conclude,there is a hill in Voitland(a {mall coun- | trey in Germany ) called Festchtelberg out of which arife | 'foure rivers running foure feverall wayes, viz. 1. Eger, | | Eaft,2.Menus, Weft,3. Sala,North, & 4. Nabus,South: | fothat he that fees their fountains fo neat together, | would admire at their falls fo farre afunder. Thus the | younger fons ifluing out of the fame mothers wombe | and fathers loyns, and afterwards embracing different | cote to trie their fortunes abroad in the world | chance often to die farre off, at great diftance, which | were all born in the fame place. | RE ST EE ae oe, a — aaa ocrcneced anne THE SECOND BOOK. EE ie eee A e = — —_— —— ee ime ae The good * Adyocate. ~ E is one that will not plead that caufe, ‘ wherein his tongue muft be confuted fg by his confcience, It is the. praile of the é Spanifh fouldier,that( whileft all other | 4, Nations are mercenary,and for money | “AS will ferve on any fide) he will. never fight againft his own King : nor will our Advocate acainf{t the Sovereigne Truth, plainly appearing to his oO | | i } } | | | | | | C' welow | | con{cience. Fle not.onely hears but examines his Clent; and pincheth the | caufe, Where he fears it is foundred. For many Clients in | telling their cafe rather plead then relatedt, fo that the | Advocate hears not the true ftate oft, till opened by ithe adverle party. Surely the Lawyer that fills himfelt ee = with inftruétions will travell longeft in the caule without tiring. Others that are fo quick in fearching, feldome fearch to the quick ; and thole miraculous apprehenfions who underftand more then all, before | che Client hath told half, tunne without theit errand, and will return without their anfwer.. If the matter be doubtfull, be will onely Warrant his own di- ligence. Yet fome ~— an Affurance-office in» their | j 4 ee chamber, ee errr aie LLL LILLE * we take it promt (cuou/ly for Givil or Common Lawyer. Maxime I ana pases: —————— - oe a a7 has _ ices 4 — nn fe The Holy State Book II. | Re Se ichamber, and will warrant any caule brought unto | them, as knowing that if they fail they lofe nothing | [but what long fince was loft, their credit. 3 He makes not a Trojan-fiege of a fuit,but feeks to bring it to a | fet battel ma beedy triall. Yet fometimes tuits are con- tinued by their difficulty, the potencie and ftomach of | the parties, without any default in the Lawyer. Thus have there depended fuits in * Glocefter-fhire, betwixt | ‘the Heirs of the Lord Barkley, and S*. Thomas Tal-; bot Vifcount Lifle, ever fince the reigne of King Ed-| ward the fourth untill now lately they were finally | ana ee : ee et * Cambdens Brita Glaceft. bee ee RE compounded. as | + He is faithfull to the fide that firft retains him. Not like} * Putarch. |* Demofthenes, who fecretly wrote one oration for} moth. |Phormio, and another in the fame matter for Apoli- dorus his adverlary. 5 In pleading he {boots fairly at the bead of the caufe,and having | 4 faftened, no frowns nor favours fhall make lim let go his hold. | Not fnatching afide here and there, to no purpofe, {peaking little im much, as it was faid of Anaximenes, | Thathe had a flood of words, and a drop of reafon. His boldneffe rifeth or falleth ashe apprehends the good- nefle or badnefle of his caufe._ 6 Fe joyes not to be retain d in _juch a Just, where all the right in queftion, is buta drop blown up with malice to be a bubble. Wherefore in fuch triviall matters he perfwades his} Client to found a retreat, and make a compofition. | 7 When bis name w-up, bis nduftry 1s not down,thinking to plead | | not by bis-[tudy but bis credit. Commonly Phyficians like beer are beft when they are old, & Lawyers like bread | | when they ateyoung and new. But. our Advocate grows not lazie. And ifa leading cafe be out of the road of his practice, he will take pains’ to trace it tho- row his books, and prick the toorfteps thereof where-| foever he finds it. | 8 Fle is more carefull to deferve, then greedy to take fees. He accounts the very pleading ofa poore widows honeft caufe eee _ a A A 4 CC SR SE \Chap.2, ‘The good Phyfcian. ~~ | ———___—__—— raw te re ae or caufe fufficient fees, as conceiving himfelf then the! King of Heavens Advocate, bound ex officio to profe-| } j cute it. And although fome may fay that fuch a Law-| yer may even go live in Cornwall, where it is * obfer-| item i ved that few of that protefsion hitherto have grown | /#. ©. to any great livelihood, yet fhall he ( befides thofe two | felicities of * common Lawyers, that they feldome die} * ote in bi either without heirs or makino 2 will ) find Gods ahi: ‘eS, blefsing on his provifions and pofterity. wc he We will refpit him a while till he comes to bea | Judge, and then we will give an example of both to-, | gether. CHAP. 2. The good Phyfictan. E trufteth not the fingle witneffe of the water if better | Maxime x teftimony may be bad. For veafons drawn from the : urine alone are as brittle as the urinall. Sometimes the water runneth in fuch poft-haft through the fick mans body, it can give'no account of any thing memorable in the paflage, though the moft judicious eye examine it. Yea the fick man may bein the ftate of death, and yet life appear in his ftafe. | | Coming to his patient he per|wades him to put hw truft in God the fountain of health. ‘The neglect hereot hath cauted the bad fuccefle of the beft Phyticians : for God will ma- nifeft chat though skill comes: mediately from him to be gotten by mans painsy fuccefle comes from him | immediately to be difpofed at his pleafure. He hanjells not his new experiments on the bodies of bis pa- 3 | tients letting loofe. mad receipts into the fick mans | body,to try how well Nature in him will fight againit | them, whileft himfelf ftands by and fees the batrel ,ex- | | cept it be in defperate cafes when death muft be ex: | | pell’d by death. ; | To poore people he pre|cribes cheap but whole/ome medicines : 4 2 ! se not SS ee eee ee _ i | ' ——— Si | | 4 } ( : * > ~ arte + stephens A- | iftake: witnelle one of Bloys, * who being to ferve | poloo y fo’ He- | ~ ors : . me aT. ee : Pes fib-1. | Doctours bill, in ftead of Optim: ( {hort written )r i Cap. 16, Seer The Holy State. Book il. | | not removing the con{umption out of their bodies in- | hem tothe Eaft Indies | — ito their purles ; nor fending them | lfor drugs, when they can reach better out of their | . ; gardens. ry. For though many of that profefsion be both able -y = 7 < ) | Left hy Apothecary fhould over ee, he overfees his Apotheca- | | : : | : | land honeft, yet fome out of ignorance or hafte may | ead | Opi, and had tent the patient a{leep to his grave, it the | DoGours watchfulneffe had not prevented him; wore are thofe who make w ilfull errours, giving one thing |for another. /A prodigall who had fpent his eftate was | pleafed to jeer himlel:, boafting that he had cofened Ithofe who had bought his means , Chey gave me |( faid he ) good new money, and | fold them my | Great-great-grandfathers old land. But this colenage is too too true in many Apothecaries, lelling to fick folk for new money antiquated drugs, and making dying mens Phyfick of dead ingredients. 6 |. He brings not news with a falfe {pte that the coaft 1s cleay ‘till death furprifes the fick man. A know Phyficians love to |make the betft of their patients eltate. Firlt ‘tis impro- iper that Adjutores cite fhould be Nuwncit mort. >e- | condly none, with their good will, will tell bad news. | Thirdly, their fee may be the worle for't. Fourthly, ts a contelsing that their art is conquer’d. Fiithly,, it will poyfon their pasents heart with grief, and make ‘it break before the time. H6wever they may fo order it, that the party may be inform’d of his dangerous condition, that he be not outed. of this world before he be provided for another. When he can keep life no longer in,be makes a fair eH eafte paf- 7 ; : Jace for it to.g0 out. He giveth his attendance for the fa- cilitating and affwazing of the pains and agonies of death. Yet general y tis death to a Phylician to be with a dying man. ice ee ED eee V nworthy | Chap.2. - he good Phy 1Clan. aus a ee a = —a | Vnw orthy pretenders to ‘F Phy/i ick are rather falls then jt ains | 0 the Pr ofe/Sion. Such a one was -that counterfeit, W ho! allied himfelf The Baron of * Blackamore, and feign ed . he was fent from the E “mperour to our young King | - ‘Hen ry the fixth, to be his principall Phyfician : but} his fors gery being difcovered, he was apprehended, and | executed in the Tower of Lilies: Anno 1426. and | fuch the world daily fwarms with. Well did the | Poets feigne A{culapius and Circe, brother and fifter, | and both children of the Sunne : foal in all times in they | opinion of the multitude, witches, old women, and | impoftours have had a competition with Phyficians. | | And are the moft ignorant arethe moft con- | | fident in their undertakings, anc will not ftick to tell | | you what difeafe the gall af a dove is good to cure. | He took himfelf ro be no mean Doétour, who being guilty of no Greek, and being demanded why it was | called an Heétick fever becaufe ( faith he ) of an hecking cough Which. ever dtiendeth that difeaf e. And here it will not Phe amifle to defcribe the life of the famous Quack- falver Paracelfus, both becaufe it is not ordinarily to be met with, and that men may fee what a monfter ma- ny make a miracle of learning, and propound him | their pattern in their practice. | | | | | i | i ' O53 —e CHAP. 3. = Ee ec ee Set SS DE Oreo een ere 7a eee ‘ . C 4 eae ee SET rene wen a eel es EDI srmeergemecoerment The Holy anna i TTT TT Philip Theophraftus PARACELSUS He died at if Saltzburge An? Dom: is4o. aged \| | Lith 2 le W: Mar/hall uly it i} ses ere —————— tae me PTE RE r™ | Gara? 3. ee The life of Paracetsus. | Hilip Theophraftus Bombaftus of Hoenhaim, or Pp Paracelfus, born as he faith himfelfin the wilder-. ‘nelle of Helvetia, Auno 1493. of the noble and ancient family of the Hoenhaims. But Thomas Eraftus ma- king ftriGt enquiry after his pedigree found none of his name or kinred in that place. Yet itis ft fo great a Chymift fhould make himfelf to be of noble ex-| eraétion : And let us believe him to be of high de-| : {cent, | ee RE er es ee ae en en cee ne ne en a mm ER Pe ore ae ees or eee ‘ SLL Chap.3. The hfe of Paraceifus. $47 (cent, as perchance born on fome mountain in Swit-| 'zerland. | ved in moft Univerfities of Europe ; {urely rather as a | "4" ' craveller then a ffudent, and a vagrant then 2 traveller. | Yea fome will, not allow himifo much, and * one} a ‘ipm coun | who hath exactly meafured the length of his. life , |" '™ } : . wv though crowding his pretended travels very=clote, | | finds not room enough for them. Butts too ridicu ‘lous what a* Scholar of his: relates, that he lived | 'ten years in Arabia to. get learning, and converled.| viv. lin Greece with the Athenian Philofophers. W ‘hereas’ | apy tae BR Bicrerus in é A : ty = ca) ni +a sD gate-s fl in that age Arabia the Happy was accurled with Bar-| I barifme, and Athens grown a itranger to her felt, | both which places being then fubjected tothe Lurks, | the very ruines or all learning were ruin’d there. “Thus | we fee how he better knew to act his part, then to lay his Scene, and had not: Chronologie enough to tell the | clock of time, when and where to place his lies = | | make them like truth. The firft five & twenty years of his age he lived very | civilly ; being thirty years old he came to Bafill, juit at the alteration of Religion, when many Papifts were | expell’d the Univerlity, and places rather wanted Pro “| feflours; then Proteflours places. Here by the favour ot Oeccolampadius he was admitted to reade Phylick, & for two years behaved himfelf fairly, till this accident caufed his departure. A rich* Canon of Bafill being fick promited Paracelfus an hundred florens to reco- ver him, which being reftored to his health he denied is pay. Paracellus iues him, 1s caft in his Loe the Ma- | giftrate adjudging him onely an ordinary ee, be ale ithe cure was done prelently with a few pills, The |Phyfician enraged hereat talked treafon againt{t the Stare in all his difcourfes , till the nimblenefle of his | tongue tore’d the nimblenefle of his feet, and he was | fain to fly into Alfatia. Here keeping company with} | the} -— —— « ee on me ee rm * Bezoldus con(:deratione dr@a Foctfo. wr te er ee EE peor " ~—_-< = A Hermete vtdi- vite & mort. p- 76 .ex An- | As for his Education, he himfelf* boafts that he li-| oye ne fl me et oO + te Teepe ated = ge a ae of a —— rend I -_— 2 The Holy State. Book II. | ~~ | the Gentry of the countrey, he gave himfelf over to all licentiou{nefle : His body was the fea wherein the ‘tide of drunkennefle was ever ebbing and flowing ;| for by putting his finger in his throat he ufed to {pew Hout his drink and drunkenneffle together, and from chat infant date himfelf fober to return to his cups | lagain. Every moneth he had a new fute, not for pride ‘but necefsity ; his apparel ferving both for wearing ‘and bedding :and having given his clothes many vomits , he gave them to the poore. Being Codrus over night, he would be Creefus in the morning, flufh of money as if he carried the invifible Indies in his socket : fome fulpected the devil was his purlebearer, and that he carried a {piritin the pomel of his {word his conftant companion, whileft others maintain that by the heat of the furnace he could ripen any metall| into gold. All the diet he prefcribed his patients was this, to eat what, and how often, they thought fitting them- felves, and yet he did moft ftrange cures, Like the quickfilver (he fo much dealt with ) he would never be fixt in one place, or live any where longer then a twelvemoneth : for fome oblerve that by that time ithe maladies reverted again, which he formerly cured. | He gave lo {trong phyfick as {ummoned Nature with all her force to expell the prefent difeafe, but the rem- nant dregs thereof afterwards reinforcing themfelves did aflaule Nature tired out with the violence of her | former task, and eafily fubdued it. His Scholars brag that the fragments of his learn- | | | es OT LDC LLL OO I ac saat CLO LED ss a rr iss i ia aria ing would feaft all the Philofophers in the world 5 boafting that the gout, the difgrace of Phyfick, was the honour of Paracelfus, who by curing it removed that {candall from his profefsion : whereas others fa he had little Learning, and lefle Latine. When any ‘asked him the name of an herb he knew nos, he | * Beroldus ut | 2 ae e pviaspaeg. | would tell them there was no * ufe thereof in Phytick .: | and ey Ne Oem -_— ooo a ee ce A CN na ee te a ay eee = eo Rees a ere Ree ee ae : Chap. 3: | | re ween ee T be life of Paracelfus. 59 eer (and yet this man would undertake not onely to cure | ‘men, but to cure the Art of curing men, and reform| | Phyfick it felf. | | As for his religion, it would as well pofe himfelf as | others to tell what it was He boafted that fhortly he ' would order Luther and the Pope, as well as he had | done Galen and Hippocrates. He was never feen to | | pray, and feldome came to Church. He was not one- | Ily skilled in naturall Magick (the utmof bounds | | whereof border on the fuburbs of hell ) but is charged ‘to converfe conftantly with familiars. Guilty hewas | | | of all vices but wantonneffe ¥ and I find an * honeft| 07 man his Compurgatour, that he was not given to | raced, o. | women . perchance he drank himfeli into wanton- | neffe and pat it, quenching the fire of his luft by pi- | ling fuell too hard and faft upon it. | Boafting that he could make a man immortall, he} himfelf died at fourty feven years in the City of Salez- | | burg. His Scholars fay he was poyfoned through the envy (that dark fhadow ever waiting ona thining| merit ) and malice of his adverfaries. However his body fhould have been fo fenced with antidotes, that the battery of no poyfon might make a breach. there- in ; except We impute it more to hisneglect then want of skill, and that rather his own fecurity then his ene- mies malice brought him to his grave. But it may be he was willing to die, counting a cwelvemoneths time enough to ftay in one place, and fourty feven years long enough to live in one world. We may more ad- imire that fo beaftly a drunkard lived fo long, then 'that {o skilfull’a man died fo foon. In a word, He iboafted of more then he could do, did more cures {cemingly then really, more cures really then lawfully, | of more parts then learning, of more fame then parts; a better Phytician then aman,and a better Chirurgeon ‘then Phyfician. | I 2 CHAP. 4. . SS TE IIE a a OI EIS LPP IT ELE TI we ee 7 he Holy State. ~ Book II. en eee Ee - ~ = | ee thd pea CT } Cag ES EL Sees RISC eee ate er ¥: ; - |difguife, he difcovereth him! elf, * Lam Fofeph your bro- kept betwixt the devil and Michael the Archan. @ > : Bs Se SS SS tee T he (ontroverfiall Divine. E is Truths Champion to defend her againft all adverfaries, Atheifts, Hereticks, Bei aticks. | , jand Erroneous perfons aa atloever. ites fufficiency | appears in Oppoting ; Antwering, Moderating, and | W riting. Maxime I | onely to make {port, but like Duellers indeed, at it for He engag eth both his ju idgement, “0 affections in oppofine | co} | | i | ; of falfel hood. Not like countrey Fencers , who play| 4 | life and limbe - . chiefly if the queftion be of large pro-| {pect, and great concernings, he is zealous in the quar- rell. Y et fome, though their judgement weigh down! on one fide, the heam.oftheir affections fiers fo even they care Ae which pe prevails. In oppofing a truth, he diffembles bimfelf her foe, to be ber better friend. Whersherc he counts himfelf the greateft oe when Truth hath taken him captiy e. With Jofeph having fufficiently fifted the matter in a 2 ther, and then throws away his wilard: Difhoneft they, who though the debt be fatisfred will never Pive up the bond, but continue wrangling, when the ob- jection is anfwered. ame | He abflains from all foul and. railing language. Whar : 3 ‘make the Mufes,yea the Graces fcolds ? Such purulent | Apittle argues exulcerated lungs. Why fhould there | ‘be fo much raili ing about the body: of Chrift ? when | ‘there was none abeut the body of Mofes in the AG! ~_ rn rg ere . tn —— sn) eae pte gel. Fle tyrannizxeth not over a weak and undermatchd . Adverfa- | 15 but teck< rather to cover his weakneffe if he be a nodel man. Whena Profeffour prelled an Anfwer- pndisilesiionisieansdiilieae: | jean sonibindai eg COT Chap.4. The Controverfiall Divine. ee tet sesesseseestesen ia er (a better Chriftian then a Clerk ) with an hard ar. gument, ‘Keverende Profeff or ( {aid he ) ingenue confiteor me non poffe re[pondere buic argumento. ‘To whom. the Pro- feflour, Reéte ye{pondes. | In anfwering he ftates the quefiton,and expoundeth the terms thereof. Otherwile the difputants fhall end, where they | }ought to have begun, in differences » about words. and be Barbarians each to other, {peaking inva Lan- guage neither underftand. If the Queftion ulfo be of | Fiftoricall cognizanfe, he fhews the pedigree thereof, | who firft brew’d it, who firft broch’d it, and fends | the wandring Errour with a palport home to the place | of its birth. | | In taking away an’ objection be not onely puts by the thruft, | but breaks the Weapon. Some rather elcape then defeat an | argument, and though by fuch an evafion they may | {hut the mouth of the Opponent, yet may they open the difficulty wider iin the hearts: of the hearers. But our Anfwerer either fairly refolves the doubt . or elfe | = ge ) {hews the falfenefle of the argument, by beggering the Opponent to maintain fuch a fruitful generation of ablurdities ; asshis argument hath begotten . or laftly returns and retorts it back upon him again. | The firlt way untiestheknot; the fecond cuts it a- funder , the third whips the Opponent with the ~~ ; ’ | Knot himfelt tyed. Sure ‘tis more honour to be a clear | An{werer, then a cunning Oppofer, becaufe the latter takes advantage of mans ignorance, which is ten times more then his knowledge. | What his anjwers want m fuddermeffe they have in Jolidity. | indeed the {peedy -anfwer addes: luftre to the difpu-| tation, and honour. to the difputane; yer he makes | good payment; who though he cannot prefently | throw the money out of his pocket, yer will pay it, if but going home to unlock his cheft. Some that are not for {peedy may be for founder performance. When Melanchthon at the difputation of Ratisbon was / eee ee ee eee tia eeeieteteeeteee tn aeeeamneeeemeee see ee Gi I 2 prefied | ie a » ee . ——— = = ~ The Holy State. ee ee oe Cité TPL Ok Book IT. | es | prefled with a fhrewd argument by Ecchius, [ will fanfwer thee, {aid he, to morrow. Nay, faid Ecchius, ‘do it now or it’s nothing Ww orth. Yea,faid Melanchthon, ‘Ifeek the Truth, and not mine own Credit , and Pints aga therefore it will be as good fl anfwer thee to * mor- dam.in wits | ei so biaertes LOW by Gods afsiftance. | a 8 | In moderating be fides with the Anjwerer, if the Anfwerer fides | with the truth. But if he be conceited ,& opinioned of his | wound before he gives ‘own fuficiency, he lets him f ‘him any hot water. Ifa Paradox-monger, loving to \hold ftrange yea dangerous Opinions, he counts It charity to fuffer !uch aone to be beaten without mer- cy, that he may be weaned from his» wilfulnefle. For the main, he is fo a ftafi to the Anfwerer,that he makes ‘him ftand on his own legs. 9 | In writing, his Latine 1s pure,[o farre as the Jubjeét Will allow. 'For thole who are to climbe the Alpes are not to ex- | pect a {mooth and even way. rue it is that School- men, perceiving that fallacy had too much covert un- | der the nap of flourifhing Language, uled thred- |bare Latine on purpofe, and cared not to tre{pafle ‘on. Grammar, and tread down the fences thereof to avoid the circuit of words, and to gothenearelt way to expre(le their conceits. But our Divine though he | ufeth barbarous School-terms, which like ftanders are |fixt to the controverfie, yet in his moveable Latine, | paflages, and digrefsions his ftyle is pure and elegant. | 10 | He affects cleaynef] e and plainneffe in all bis Writings. Some mens heads are like the world before God faid unto ‘it, Fiat lux. Thefe dark-lanterns may fhine to them- felves, and underftand their own conceits, but no bo- | dy elfe can have light from them. Thus Matthias Fa- ‘xinator Profeflour at Vienna, afsifted with fome other learned men, as the I imes then went, was thirty years | ee ‘making a book of applying Plato’s, Ariftotle’s, and | Atlas in the Galen’s rules in Philofophy, to Chrift and his Pro- ahd fae" phets, and “tis call’d * Lumen anime ; quo tamen mbil eft | caliginofius, ee ee ~ -——~eowvan ae OA ee re - < = Se Pe * A ne os a en Tt tt —--- Chap. 4. The Controverfiall Divine. 52 2 ee —$———_——_ —- —~ —_—__—___— - ee tthe caluginofins, labore magno, fed ridiculo, ¢ inant. But this ob- {curity 1s worlt when affected, when they doas Per- sibs sean ; * sea 4 ie {its of whom * one faith, Legs volnut que fcripfit, intellios oe: kb. | nolutt que legerentur. Some affect this darknefle, that, *“ ° they may be accounted profound, whereas one is not | | bound to believe that allthe water is deep thar is muddy. | Fle 1s not curious in fearching matters of no moment. Ca-| If ptain Martin * Forbifher fetcht from the fartheft nor- 2 ‘ongaid : thern Countries a {hips lading of mineral ftones ( as | 1576. he thought ) which afterwards were caft out to mend | the high wayes. ‘Thus are they ferved, and mifle their hopes, who long fecking to extract hidden myfteries | out of nice queftions, leave them off, as ufeletle at laft. : Antoninus Pius, for his defire to fearch to the leaft dif- | ferences, was called Cumin Jeétor, the. Carver of cu- mine feed. One need not be fo accurate : for as foon | fhall one {cowr the: {pots out of the moon, as all ig- norance out of man. When Eunomius the Heretick vaunted that he knew God and his divinity, S. * Bafil| (7rit- 16? gravells him in 21 queftions about the body of an | minum ant or pilmire: fo dark is mans underftanding. I wonder therefore at the boldneffe of fome, who as if they were Lord Mathalls of the Angels place them in ranks and files. Let us not believe them here, but ra- ther go to heaven to confute them. He neither multiplies needleffe, nor compounds necef] ary Con- 12 troverfies. Sure they light on a labour in vain,who feek to make a bridge of reconciliation over the usa ydoua betwixt Papifts and Proteftants ; for though we go 99 fteps, they (1 mean their Church ) will not come one to give us a meeting. And as for the offers of Cla- ra’sand private men (befides that they feem to be more of the nature of baits then gifts) they may make large profers, without any Commision to treat, and fo the Romifh Church not bound to pay their pro-|* Gira/dus imifes. In“ Merionethfhire in Wales there are high sree mountains, nn nn ge erent alt eet gh ™ » " tint / A ert ate et OE: A ee ee ee ee ae : - i ER ———— 6) ee — ia z 7 A aad citi ccual Fegan rere oe The Holy State. Book I. lmountains, whole hanging tops come {o clofe toge- ther that f{hepherds on the tops of feverall hills may laudibly talk together,yet will it be a dayes journey for their bodies to meet, (> vattis the hallownefle of the ‘wallies berwixt them. Thussupon found fearch {hall iwe find a grand diftance 4nd remoteneffe betwixt Po- pifh and Proteftant tenents to reconcile them, which at the firft view may feem near, and tending to.an ac- | comodation. | 13 | Fe 1s refolute ani {table in fundamental points of “Kelégton. | Thele are his fixed poles,and axletree about which he ‘moves, whileft they ftand unmoveable. Some ‘fail fo long on the Sea of controverfies, tofdmp.and down, ‘to and fro, Pro and Con, tharthe very ground to them {eems to move, and their judgements grow {cepticall and unttable inthe moft iettled points of Divinity. When ‘he cometh: to Preach, efpecially iftoa plain | Auditory, with the Paracelfians he extracts an oy! out ofthe drieft and: hardeft bodies, and: knowing that knotty timber 1s unfit to build: with; he edifies people with eafie and profitable matter. Chap. 5. The life of Dr. Whitaker. ——— rrr re gy oe — re | _ ~ 7 —_s er ee a —EE 0 __—_===a=a=—Lk = ——SSSSSEEEE=aBnBnDnDnBSES=S=EEESSE_—_—————SSE_——SSSSS— Fw CO 5 “sara racy TE VEIE AS AS ——— = = eam | | SS ite ] ——— Wii | f : | i | ' | ‘ ———<—<— | i] a = ' i} == ! | — it || = | = | | | | | i | HI | ii : Wi ty | : 1 es Se //. = BZ 2 24) i Tin wmv SS vi. 0 A : ave HH | | WILLIAM WHITACRES Di of D: Kanges Profefsor | | i and Mafter of S"*Tohns. Coll in Cambridge where He didd \\ \\ HY An? 1695, Aged 447 ‘VCATES » | | 7 | | Cuare. §. The life of D’. V VuITAKER. liam Whitaker born at Holm in the Coun- ty of Lancafter of. good parentage, elpecially by his mothers fide, allied to,ewo worlhipiull fami- lies. His reverend. unckle, Alexander Nowell, Dean of S. Pauls ( the firft fruits of the Englifh Confeflours in the dayes of Queen Marie, who after her death firft return’d into, England from beyond the Seas ) took him young from his parents, lent him firft cto Pauls K School, pe a ee ce TL OC ES CO COI IE LEE IS I et Se ——- ee er a een ee a eS ee Ee ee ee ee ee te ae et sa reg ——— -_— The Holy State. Book II. ee ‘School . thence to ‘Trinity Colledge in Cambridge , lwhere he fo profited in his ftudies, that he gave great | promiles of his future perfection. — : tc] pafle by his youthfull exerciles, never ftriving for ‘the garland, but he wonneand wore it away. His | | prime appearing to the world, was when he ftood for | ‘the Profeffours place again{t two ‘Competitours, In |age farre his fuperiours. But the feven Eleétours in the Univerfitie who were to choole the Emperour of | the Schools, preferring a golden “head before filver hairs, conferr'd the place on Whitaker. and the ftnidt form of theit Election hath no room for corruption. He fo well acquitted himfelf in the place that he an- fwered expectation, the ftrongelt opponent in all di- {putes and lectures, and by degrees taught envie to ad- mire him. | By this time the Papifts began to affaule him, and the Truth. Firft Campian,one fitter for a Trumpeter then a Souldier, whofe beft ability was that he could boaft in good Latine, being excellent at the Hat hand of Rhetorick (which rather gives pats then blows ) but he could not bend his fift to:difpute. Whitaker both in writing and difputing did teach him, that it was eafier to make then maintain a challenge againtt our Church; and in like manner he handled both Du- reus, and Sanders, Ww hd futcelsively undertook the fame caufe, folidly confuting their arguments. But thefe ‘Téazers, rather to rétize then pinch the Game, onely made Whitaker find his {pirits. ‘The | fiercelt dog is behind even Bellarinine himself, agrete (cholar, and who wanted:nothing bata good Auld to defend, and generally writing inveAloufly fing fome: times flenting, feldome down-right railing. Whitaket | gave him all fair quarter, {tating the: queftion becwixt them. yielding all which the other in realon could ask’ : and agreeing on terms to fall out with him) plaid fail but fiercely on him, till the other forfook the field. Bellarmine —————— Chap. 5. The life of D’. Whitaker. Bellarmine had no mind to reinforce his routed ar: | suments, but rather configned over that fervice toa, Inew Generall , Stapleton an Englifh man: He was ‘born the fame * yeare and moneth wherein S*. ‘Tho- | mas More was beheaded, an obfervation little lefle . then myfticall with the Papifts, as if God had fubfti- | cuted him to grow up in the room of the other for the, ‘f{upport of the Catholick caufe. If Whitaker in an-| ({wering him put more gall then ufuall into his ink, | Stapleton ( whofe mouth was as foul as his caufe ) frft infeéted him with bitternefle: and none will blame | a man for arraing his hands with hard and rough | loves , who is to meddle with bryers and bram- x as A ' Ves. | | Thus they baited: him conitantly with frefh dogs : | None that ran at him once delired a fecond courfe at | : ; | , A] ~ . ; ys |! him . and as * one obferves, Cum nullo hofle ungquam confit | ell eo ie ; | xut, quem non fudt Cr f ugavit. He filled the Chair with a sracefull prefence, fo that : one needed not to do with him as* Luther did with) Melanchthon when he firft heard him reade, abftract | the opinion and. fight of his ftature and perfon, left the meannefle thereof fhould caufe an undervaluing | of him: for our Whitakers perlon carried with it an ex: | cellent port. His ftyle was manly for the ftrength, mai-_ denly for the modefty, and elegant for the phrafe there- | | of . fhewing his skillin {pinning a fine thred out of | courfe wool, for fuch is controverfiall matter. He had | by his fecond wife,a modeft woman, eight children. | It being true of him alfo, what is faid of the ed ee ~s aan ee LOLS LOCOCO A LT Es —— _ ee eee - = == , _—s. Tir these fossnsslic anes nonin’ aba Lawy er * Andreas Tiraquillus, figulss annis fingulos libros Sone ¢> liberos Reipublice dedit. My Father hath told me, that he often wifhed that he might lofe fo much Learning as he had gotten in| atter-fupper ftudies, on condition he might gain fo| much ftrength as he had loft thereby. Indeed his bo-| dy was ftrongly built for the naturall temper, and well | ae: | repair’d | eine | obit. doct. vir. | anno 1558. Book Ef. | —$—————— ae = fpeciall lly he detefteth affected gravity ( which is rather | on men then in them ) w hereby fome belie their regi- | fter-book; antedate their age to feem farre older chen | | hey are, sad plait and fet their brows in an affected Gaileicie. Whereas S * Anthony the Monk might have been known among hundreds of his order. by his cheerfull face, he having ever ( though a moft mortifi- ed man ) a merry countenance. He doth not clafh Gods or ‘dinances together about precedency. Not making odious compari ons betwixt Prayer and M Preaching, | | | | ~ a ee Se ee _-- dnd Mon. in — — §. © f Fox, Aéts his life. x Athanafius in Cus vita. -—_ ae eee ee | | so Tee Ehp State. Book ll..| me j a er re EE Se rs wo ~- | — a aan ee we at et om : Preaching, Preaching and Catechiling, Publick prayer | ‘and Private, P remeditate prayer and Ex tempore. W hen | lat the taking of new Carthage in Spain two Souldiers contended about the Murall crown ( due to him who firft climbed the walls ) fo that: the whole army was| * Plutarch | hoy ‘4 danger of divifton. * Scipio the Gene-| Scipio's life ‘thereupon in danger ifion, p | peg.1807- | yall faid, He knew that they both got up the wall to-| Ce ee ye ee ree | oether, and fo gave the Scaling crown to them both. | salt | ‘Thus our Minifter compounds all controverlies be-| ‘cwixt Gods ordinances, by prayling them all, practi-| fing them all, and thanking God for them all. He| jcounts the reading of Common-prayers to prepare | ‘him the better for preaching ; and as one faid, if he| did firft toll the bell on one fide, it made it afterwards | | ring out the better in his Sermons. | 5 He carefully Catechifeth hts people in the elements of religion. Except he hath (a rare thing ) a Hock without lambs, all of old fheep ; and yet even Luther did not {corn to profelfe himlelf Di/cipulum Catechifmia {cholar of the Caz techifme. By this Catechifing the Golpel firft got | sround of Popery;and let not ourReligion now grown | ‘rich be afhamed of that which firlt gave it credit and | etic up, left the Jefuites beat us at our own weapon. | | Through the want of this Catechifing many which | lare well skilled in fome dark out-corners of D1-! | vinicy have loft themfelves in the beaten road there- of | | | i r 6 | He will not offer to God of that which cofts him nothing ; but * Plutarch in takes pains aforehand for his Sermons. * Demofthenes | the life of De- | | molt. ‘never made any oration on the fudden, yea being | called uponhe never rofe upto peak, except he had! 6 te pete | well ftudied the matter : and he was wont to lay, Tiaé| he [hewed bow he honoured and reverenced the people of Athens | becaufe he Was carefull What he fpake unto them. Indeed if] | Our Minifter be furprifed with a fudden occafion, he} counts himfelf rather to be excufed then commended | > : = | - | )if premeditating onely the bones of his Sermon he| | clothes ET NT ee: ee ee os ee ee ‘Chap. b 9. The faithful Minifler long cuftome hath made preaching their nature, that they can difcourfe Sermons without ftudy he accounts ' their examples rather to be admired then imitated. | Having brought bis Sermon into his head, he labours to bring it into his heart, before he preaches it to bis people. Surely that preaching which comes from the foul moft works on the foul. Some have queftioned ventriloquie , when men ftrangely fpeak out of their bellies , whether it can be done lawfully or no: might! ‘coin the. word. cordiloquie, when men draw the do- | &rines out of their hearts, fure all would count this | lawfull and commendable. | He chiefly reproves the rargning fins of the time, and place he lives in. We may oblerve that our Saviour never inveighed againit Idolatry, Ulury, Sabbath-breaking amoneft the Jews; not that thele were not fins, but they were not practifed fo much in that age , wherein wickednefle was {pun witha finer thred : and therefore Chrift principally bent the drift of his preaching againft {piricuall Pride, Hypocritie, and ‘Traditions then predominant amongi{t the: people. Alfo ouir-Minifter confuteth no old Herefies which time hath confuted ; nor troubles his Auditory with fuch ftrange, hideous cafes of Conicience, that it 1s | more hard to find the cafe then the refolution. In pub- Hick reproving of finne, he ever whips the vice, and | {pares the perton. He doth not onely move the bread of life, and toffe it up and | down in generalities , but alfo byeaks it into particular dn echions : i drawing it downto cafes of Confcience, that a man ima be warranted in his particular actions, whether they be lawfull or not. And he teacheth people their lawfull liberty as well as their reftraints and prohibiti- ons ;for amongf{t men it 1s as ill taken to turn back favours, as to difobey commands. The places of Scripture he quotes are pregnant and re 2 S —e OS s , —— clothes it with fefh ex tempore. As for thole, whofe 2 I TL” A ED 19 ee eee = eS LLL LE LL LLL LLL LLL L ELL LALO LL tata tatty OE SS | VE EEA haan ~The Holy State. — Book If. . | | As for heaping up of many quotations, it fmacks of a | \vain oftentation of memory. Befides, it is as impolsi-. ble that the hearer fhould profitably retain them all, as that the preacher hath ferioufly perufed them all: yea, whileft the audicours ftop their attention , and f{toop down to gather an impertinent quotation , the Sermon runs on, and they lofe more fubftantiall matter. His fimiles and alluftrations are abwayes familiar, never con- ‘temptible. Indeed reafons are the pillars of the fabrick of a Sermon, but fimilitudes are the windows which give the belt light. He avoids fuch ftories whole ‘mention may fuggeft bad thoughts to the auditours, land will not ufe a light comparifon to make thereof |a grave application, for fear left his poylon go farther then his antidote. 12 | He provideth not onely wholfome but plentiful food for bis * The words | people. Almoft incredible was the painfulnefle of Ba- being /ommba? | vonius, the compiler of the voluminous Annals of the thus, in audi- | Church, who for thirty years together preached * three foure times aweek to the people. As for our Il endis confefii- | onibus, & fer- | OT monibus ad | populum ter quaterve ha- bendis per trix before, then with that which is hot from the fj pit, raw ginta &am- | plitis annos diligentiflima affiduitate ja- boravit, ‘Spon- dius in vita Bar onti, pag.2 | part. 7- 13 * Mercator Ailas in the de(crip. of Altria. 14 ‘Minifter, he preferreth rather to entertain his people in hebdomada | with ywholfome cold meat which was on the table “~ ‘and half roafted. Yet in repetition of the fame Ser- mon, every edition hath a new addition, if not of new matter of new affections. Of whom, faith S. Paul, we have told you often, and now Wwe tell you Weepmg. He makes not that wearifome, which fhoula ever be welcome. Wherefore his Sermons are of an ordinary length ex- cept on an extraordinary occafion. What a gift had John * Hafelbach,Profeffour at Vienna, in tedioul- neffe ? who being to expound the Prophet Efay to his auditours read twenty one years on the firlt Chap- Iter, and yet finifhed it not. He counts the fucceffe of bis Munujtry the ereate/t preferment. Yet herein God hath humbled many painfull paftours, eT SR er eS re SS a a ha PSA a A a \Chap. 9. The faithful Minifter ‘in making them to be clouds to rain, not over | Arabia the happy, but over the ftonie or defert : {6 ‘that they may complain with the Herdsman jn. the | Poet, | Hleu mihi, quam pingut macer oft mils taurus in aryo® | My ftarveling bull, | Ah woe is me, | In pafture full, How lean 1s he ? Yet fuch Paftours may comfort themfelves that great is their reward with Godin heaven, who mea- fures it not by their fuccefle but endeavours. Befides, though they fee not, their people may feel benefit by their Miniltry. Yea the preaching of the Word in fome places is like the planting of woods, where though no profit is received for twenty years together, itcomes afterwards. And grant, that God honours thee not to build his temple mn thy parifh, yet thou maift with David provide metall and materialls for Solomon thy fucceflour to build it wich. To fick folks be comes fometimes before he is fent for, as counting his vocation a fufficient calling. None of his flock fhall want the extreme unétion of Prayer and Counlell. Againitthe Communion e{pecially he en- deavours that Janus his temple be fhut in the whole parifh, and that all be made friends. | He is never plaintiff in any fuct bat to be rights defendant. If his dues be detained from him, he grieves mote for his parifhioners bad confcience then lis own damage. He had tather fuffer ten times in his profit, then once in his title, where not onely his perfon, but pofterity is wronged : And then he proceeds fairly and fpeedily [to atryall that he may not vex and weary others, But ‘right himfelf. During his fait he neither breaks off nor flacks offices Of courtefie-to his advertary . yea though he lofeth his fwit, he will rot alfo lofe his cha- rity. Chiefly he is re(pecttull to his Patrone, thats a ee A CLL ALLL LALLA LLL LLL LLL LAL LALLA LL LDL LLL LL LLL LOL EL LOLOL eee nceguenannnrenienenapsseeeeeenenenseene aan —— = ae | M 3 he| 85 —_ ES i 16 —_— ee ~. — -- SRT 8 ss ee Se a ET SS ce a - = - A eS SE ee seach on petting eee aL a at —— a ee eee ee eer ene ieee —— net i kee ok he prefented him freely to his living, fo he conftantly \prelents his Patrone in his prayers to God. | 17 Hie is moderate in hts tenets and opinions .N ot that he gilds over lukewarmnefle in matters of moment with the ti- de of difcretion, but withall he is carefull not to entitle + | violence in indifferent and in concerning matters to be ‘zeal. Indeed men of extraordinary tallneffe, ( though otherwife little deferving)are made porters to lords, & thofe of unufuall licclenefle are made ladies dwarfs, | whileft men of moderate ftacure may want matters. | Thus many notorious for extremities may find fa- | vourers to preferre them, whileft moderate men in the | middle truth may want any to advance them. But | what faith the Apottle 2 If in this life onely We had hope we | are of all men the most miferable. 18 | He is fociable and. willing to do any courtefie for bis neighbour | /municating themfelves to their neighbours. | } 19 Illufir. Germ. | iauita Me- | laach. | ' } ee | Minifters. He willingly communicates his knowledge unto them. Surely the gilts and graces of Chriftians lay in common, till bale envy made the firft enclo- fire. He neither flighteth his inferiours, nor repineth ‘at thofe who in parts and credit are above him. He ‘loveth the company of his neighbour Minifters. ‘Sure as ambergreece is nothing lo (weet in it felf, ‘as when it is compounded with other things; fo ‘both godly and learned men are gainers by com- | Hew carefull in the difcreet ordering of his own family. A good Minifter and a good father may well agree to- * Pawtaleen dt), other. When a certain Frenchman came to vilit* Melanchthon, he found him in his ftove with one ‘hand dandling his childin the fwadling-clouts, and in the other hand holding a book and reading it. Our | Minifter alfo is as hofpitable as his eftate will permit, |and makes every almes two by his cheerfull giving it. | He loveth alfo to live in a well-repaired houle, ‘that he may ferve God therein more cheerfully. ‘A Clergieman who built his houle from the ground LOLOL LL LL LT ST ST emer enema ee 7} te ET ee Chap.9. Lhe faithful Munifter. 8+ ground wrote in it this counfell to his lucceffour, If thou dost find an houfe built to thy mind | Without thy coft ; Serve thou the more God and the poore ; | My labour ts not lost. | 20 Lying on his deathbed he bequeaths to each of bis parifhioners | his precepts and example for a legacie and they in requitall | erect every onea monument for him in their hearts. He is fo farre from that bafe jealoufie that his memory {hould be outfhined by a brighter fucceffour,and from that wicked defire that his people may find his worth | by the worthlefneffle of him that fucceeds, that he doth | heartily pray to God to previde them a better Paftour after his deceafe. As for outward eftate, he common- ly lives in too bare pafture to die fat: It is well if he hath gathered any flefh, being more in blefsing then bulk. - A a rw ee LT TE SOT = Re LE Eo : | CHAP. Io. | Ses A seep en = aster SE Poe Se ca er ee a i LLL eee < LS En a ema i SR et re ee —— so ioe meer Sent eee ee ~The Holy State. HAYA NAN | WILLIAM PERKINS The Learned, pious, and painfall: | I Preacher of Gods word, at StAndrewes in Cambridge where | He dicd Anno Dat.16 02. Aged 44 Yeares «i a ee = . f : ——— | MM. Jeulp ——— ———— ' | The life of MM PERKINS, W-. illiam Perkins , born. at Marlton nigh Co- | ventry in Warwickfhire, was afterwards | brought up in Chrift-Colledge in Cambridge, where jhe fo well profited in his ftudies that he got the rounds of all liberall Arts,and in the 24. of Queen | Elizabeth was chofen fellow of that Colledge the fame ; TT? oa yeare wherein Doctour Aadrew Wallet ( one of admi- \rable induftry ) and Dodour Richard Clark ( whofe learned ae eee = — Chap. 10. The life of Mr Perkins, —————_—__—__ ' elected into the fame Society. There goeth an uncontroll’d tradition, that Perkins, when a young {cholar, was a great ftudier of Magick, occafioned perchance by his skill in Mathematicks. | For ignorant people-count all circles above their own |{phere to be conjuring, and prefently cry out thofe | things are done by,black:art for which their dimme ‘eyes. can fee no colour in realon. And in fuch cafes, when they cannot flie up to heaven to. make ita Mi- | racle, they fetch ic from hell to make it Magick, though it may lawfully be done by naturall caufes. True it is he | was very wild in his youth till God( the belt Chymick who can fix quickfilver it felf) gratioufly reclaim’d him. After his entrance into: the Miniftry, the firft beam he fent forth fhined to thofe which fatin darkneffe and the {hadow of death, 1 mean the prifoners inthe caftke of Cambridge, people ( as generally in fuch places ) living in England’ out of Chriftendome , wanting the means of their falvation, bound in their bodies, but too loofe in their lives, yea often branded in their flefh, and feared in their. confciences. Perkins prevailed fo farre with their jaylour, that the prifoners were brought (fetter'd ) to the Shire-houfe hard by, where he preached unto them every Lords day. Thus was the prifon his parifh, his own Charity his Pa- tron prefenting him unto it, and his work was all his wages. Many an Onefimus here he begat, and as the infirument freed the prifoners from the captivity of finne. When this began to be known, fome of good quality of the neighbouring parifhes became his au- ditours, and counted it their feaft to feed out of the prifoners basket. Hence afterwards he became Preacher of S, Andrews parifh in Cambridge, where | he continued to the day of his death. | His Sermons were not !o plain but that the pioutly N learned \ learned Sermons commend him to pofterity ) were. _ radia Sines Book li. iii 22° ETE TOE en leo earned did admire them, nor (> learned but that the 7 Ween f | Colledge.in expounding the Commandments, applied a | plain did underftand them.What was {aid of Socrates, ‘That he firft humbled the townring {peculations ot Ptilofophers into practice and morality ; fo our Per- kins brought the {chools into the Pulpit, arid unfhel- | ling their controverfies out of their hard {chool-terms, ‘made thereof plain and wholfome meat for his people. | For he had a capacious head with angles winding, and ‘roomthy enough to lodge all controverfiall intricafies, : and, had not preaching diverted him from that way, ‘he hadno doubt attained to eminency therein. Af excellent Chirurgeon he was at joynting of a broken foul, and at ftating of a doubtfull confcience. And (ure in Cafe-divinity Proteftants are defective. For (fave that aSmith or two of late have built them forges, and fet up fhop ) we go downto our enemies to fharpen all our inftruments, and are beholden to them for offenfive and defenfive weapons in Cafes of Conf{cience. He would pronounce the word Damne with fuch an emphafis as left a dolefull Echo in his auditours eats a good while after. And when Catechift of Chrift- ‘them fo home, able almoft to make his hearers hearts fall down, and hairs to ftand upright. Buc in his older age he altered his voice, and remitted much of his for- mer rigidnefle, often profelsing that to preach mercie was that proper office of the Minifters of the Go- {pell. ati oétjedt that his Doétrine, referring all to an abfolute decree, hamftrings all induftry, and cuts off the finews of mens endeavours towards falvation. For afcribing all to the wind of Gods fpirit, ( which bloweth where it lifteth ) he leaveth nothing to the oars of mans diligence, either to help or hinder to the attaining of happineffe, but rather opens a wide doore to licentious fecurity. Were this the hardeft objection aaa againtt | ee L ‘Chap. io. The life of M M. ‘Perkins. againtt Pétking his doétrine, his own life was a a featien, som an{wer thereunto, fo pious, fo {potleffe, that Ma: | lice was afraid to bite at his credit, into which the | new her teeth could not enter. | | He had arare felicity in {peedy reading of books, | and as it were but turning them over whould give an | | NM. xat account of all confiderables therein: So that as it | | were riding ‘tra thorow an Authour,he took ftrict no- | | | tice of all pall ages, as if he had dovelt on them parti- | cularly , perufing books lo {peedily, one would think | {o accurately, one would think he he eal nothing, c ead-ull = was of 4 cheerfull nature and pleafant difpofiti- | l'on: Indeed to mere ftrangers he was referved and | | clofe, {uffering them to knock a good while before he | | | Ww uld open himt {elf unto them, but on the leaft ac- | | quaintanc ¢ he was merry and very familiar. | | Befides his afsiduity in preaching he wrote many | | books, extant at this day. And pity it was, that he et | noe forth more of them himfelt - for though {ome of | ) his Orphan works lighted on good Guardians, yet all| were not fo happy ; said indeed no nurfe for.a child to | the own mother. | He dyed in the 44. yeare of his age of a violent fit | of the {tone. It hath been reported that he dyed in the | | | conflict of atroubled con! iclence ; which admit were | | fo, had been no wonder. For God fometimes feem: | | | inoly leaves his Saints when they leave the world, | plunging them on their death-beds in deep cemprati-| ons, and cafti ing their fouls down to hell, to rebound | the h igherto heaven. Befides, the devil. is moft bul 1e | on the laft day of his Term , and a Tenant to be outed | | | | cates not. what mifchief he doth. But here was no! | fuch matter. Indeed he alwayes cryed out Me rc) Mercy: | S. Went pris. which {ome {tanders by misinterpreted for def; pair, as | if he felt not Gods favour, becaufe he call’d for 1t: | whereas Mercy is a Grace whicls they hold the afte, N 2 that | ‘ —_ ected neces at Male: pL a A, NE A ST CCT A A A OS ER _ a * Huch Hol- land in bss lcones. ee th js ‘yeafon have expre . | | happinelle, and have delivered themfelves in larger | ————— — ~~ Book IL. ——-_ The Holy State. hat moft catch after it. ‘Tis true that many on lefle | ed more confidence ot their future | en {peeches concerning the fame. But who could ex- | pect a long oration from him, where every word | was accented with pain in {o fharp a difeale. His funeralls were folemnly and {umtuoutly per- | form’d of the fole charges of Chrilt-Colledge, which | challenged, as fhe gave him his breeding, to pay for | his buriall. the Univerfity and Lown lovingly con- | tending which fhould exprefle more forrow thereat. | Dodétour Mountague, afterwards Bifhop of Winche- | fter, preached his Funerall-Sermon, and excellently difcharg’d the place, taking for his Text, Mojes my fer-| pant is dead. | He was ofa ruddy complexion, very fat and corpu- lent, lame of his right hand ; and yet this Ehud with a lefthanded pen did flab the Romifh Caufe, and * as one faith, Dextera quantumy1s fuerat tibi manca, docendt Pollebas mira dexteritate tamen. Though nature thee of thy right hand bereft, Riohtwell thou writeft with thy hand that’s left. He was born the firft, and dyed the lait yeare of Queen Elifabeth , fo that his lite ftreamed in equall length with her reigne , and they both had their foun- tains, and falls together. I muft not forget, how his books after his death were tranflated into moft modern Chriftian lan- guages. For though he excellently improved his talent inthe Englifh tongue, yet forreiners thought it but wrapt up ina napkin, whileft folded inan unknown language. Wheretore {ome tranflated the main body of his works into French, Dutch, and Italian ,and_ his books {peak more tongues, then the Maker ever un- derftood. His Reformed Catholick was done into Spa- nih, and no Spaniard ever fince durft take up chat gantlet_ ee Chap. Il. gantlet of defiance our Champion caft down : yea | their Inquifition rather chofe to anfwer it with tor-| tures, then arguments. | CHapiehs The good Parifhioner. E will onely defcribe his Church-reference. VW his Civill part hath and fhall be met with under other Heads. Conceive him to live under fich | a faithfull Minifter as before was charaéter’d, as, either judging charitably that all Paftours are fuch, or wifhing heartily that they were. | | L hough near to the Church he is not farre from God. Like | untoJuftus Acts 18.8. One that Wor|pipped God and his houfe | joyned hard to the Synagogue. Otherwile if his diftance | trom the church be great , his diligence is the greater | to come thither in feafon. Fe ts timely at the beginning of Common prayer. Yet as’ 2 « “Tullie Charged fome diffolute people for being fuch }2¢Aridus 5 eam eR ge OTe . boni & maz li, fluggards that they never faw the funne riling or | #2. fetting, as being alwayes up after the one, and abed before the other; fo fome negligent people never heare prayers begun, or fermon ended: the Con- fellion being paft before they come, and the Blefsing not come before they are pafled away. In Jermon he fets himfelf to heare God in the Minifter. 3 Therefore divefteth he himfelf of all prejudice , the | jaundife in the eyes of the foul prelenting colours | falfe unto it. He hearkens very attentively : “Lis a {hame when the Church it felf is Cameterium, wherein the living fleep above ground as the dead do be- neath. At every Point that concerns himfelf, be turns downaleaf| 4 in his heart . and rejoyceth that Gods word hath peirc'd him, as hoping that whileft his foul {marts it heals. | And asitisno manners for him that hath good ye-| N 3 nifon | The good Pari/btoner. 93 MaAxXime t Book Il. ae _— | 94 The Holy State. nifon before him, to ask whence itcame, but rather | fairly to fall to it; fo hearing an excellent Sermon, | \he never enquires whence the Preacher had it , of | whether it was not before in print, but falls aboard | to practife it. : He accufeth not hw Minifter of Jpight for | It does not follow that the archer aimec Rather our Parifhioner reafoneth th Id the ——— ean —— eee articularizing bim. 1 becaule the ar- | | us. If my | Miniter muffle it? | thout Gods direction ? | row hit. ' Gane be notorious, how cou | if fecret, how could he hit it wi | But foolifh hearers make even the bells of Aarons gar- | ments to clink as they. think. Anda guilty con{cience is | like a whirlpool , drawing in all to 1t (elf which | otherwile would paffe by. One, caufeleffely difaftected | | to his Minitter, complained that he in his laft Sermon | | had perfonally inveighed again{t him, and accufed ‘him thereof toa grave religious Gentleman in the parifh : Truly, Caid the Gentleman, I had thought m hw Sermon he had meant me, for it touched my heart. ‘This reba- ted the edge of the others anger. His Tithes be payes willingly with cheerfulneffe. How ma- art with Gods portions orudgingly, or elfe pinch ing.* Decimum, the Tenth, amongit the for what was belt or biggelt. ying of Tithes, where the ke that num- | — ane 6 * Fluéius De- | C1mus , PYO Ma- ny P xm. Ovidio | 1¢ 4 ee Ori? 1 ICN the pa} | | Romanes was ever taxen | Tr falls out otherwile in pa leaft and leaneft are fhifted off to ma ber arifh-oftice which feeks He hides not bimfelf from any i ay bum. Lf chofen Churchwarden, | but thofe which he fhould. IfOv he is carefull the rates be made inequality O fumme ) and well dil ericer poled of. He meaf he is not bufily-idle, rather to trouble then reform , prelenting all things _) of the poore, indifferent (* whole ea ( Fentimes 1s more burthenfome then the = ures not peo- ples wants by their clamorous complaining, and fe that deferve then to them that difpenteth more to tho jonely need relief. ere ee ae ae a Chap..12. T he good Patron. Ete ts bountiful in-contributing to the repair of Gods houfes For though-hebe not of their opinion; who: would have the Churches underthe Gofpell conform’d: to the magnificence of Solomons: Temple ( whofe porch:would ferve us for a’Church.)-and.adorn them {o-gaudily, that devotion is- more diftraéted: then rai- fed,and:mens fouls rather dazeled,. then. lightened’, yet he conceives: it fitting that fuch: facted places thould be handfomly and decently maintained : Fhe rather becaufe the. climaciericall, yeare of many Churches from: their’ firft foundation, may feem to happen in our dayes; fo-old; that their ruine is threat- ned.if not {peedily repaired. Fle ts refpectfull to his MinuSters widow and. pofterity: for bis ake. When the onely: daughter of Peter Martyr was, through the riot and: prodigality of her debauched husband, brought to extreme poverty, the-*State of Zurick, out of gratefullremembrance of her Father, fupported her with bountifull maintenance. My prayers fhall be, that Minifters widows , and:children may never ftand:in need of fuch relief, and:may: never want fuch relief when they ftand inineed. — CHAP. I2 The good Patron. Hatin'the Primitive times ( though]. dare not fay generally in all. Churches) if nor the fole choyce, at leaft the confent of the people was requi- red: in: appointing, of Minifters, may partly appear out of * Scripture, more plainly out of *Cyprian, and is confefled: by reverend * D*. Whitgift. Thefepo- pular elections were well difcharged in: thofé purer fecutiomhad little leafure to ruft with. factions, and | when thetewere no’ baits for Corruption; the places of Minifters being. then of great pains and peril, | and —S are oF * Thuan obiz. vir. dog. Anne. I § 6 de * Ads 1 4-22. xepolovnoay|a¢ * Lib. .epift.s * Defence of the Anfwer te times, when men being fcoured with’ conftant per- ee baw ee a Ee ase Sat eet OO ALR eas ene i | | gt ee. The Holy S tate. Book Il. | & fmall profit. But diffenfion creeping in,in after-ages |( the eyes of common people at the beft but dimme through ignorance being wholly blinded with pars tialiry ) it may feem their right of election was | either devolved to, or aflumed of the Bifhop of the : panes | Dioces, who* onely was to appoint Curates in eve- Can. 9. f parifh. Afterwards to invite lay-men to build and saneags endow Churches, the Bifhops departed with their Can. -4-an4'*| right to the lay Patrons according to the verle, heap Patronum faciunt Dos ,Aedificatio,Fundus. Be A Patron’s hetthat did endow with lands, Or built the Church, or on whofe ground it ftands. It being conceived reafonable that he who payed the Churches portion, fhould have the main itroke in providing her an husband. Then came Patronages «o be annexed to Mannours, and by fale or defcent to pafle along with them ; nor could any juitly com- plain thereot, if all: Patrons were like him we de- | | icribe. | Maxime 1| Ede counts the Living his to difpofe, not to make profit of. | He fears more to lapfe his confcience, then his Li- ving, fears more the committing then the difcovery |of Simony. | 2 A Benefice he fometimes giveth [peedily, never rafbly. Some are long in beftowing them. out of ftate, becaule they love to have many fuiters ; others out of covetoufnefle will not open their wares till all their chapmen are | come together, pretending to take the more. delibera- tion. 3 He is deaf to opportunity, if wanting defert. Yet ishe not of the mind of Tamberlane the Scythian King, who never gave Office to any that fought for it : for defiring ‘proceeds not alwayes from want of deferving ; yea {aod himfelf likes well that his favours fhould be fued for. Our Patron chiefly refpedts piety,fufficiency, and promile of painfulneffe, whereby he makes his eleéti- | on. Ifhecan by the fame deed provide for Gods houle and — os Nee ae Ct - A a itinnedl a) err re. ~ ~ ee ee en ee —A— ear ee en |Chap. 12. The good Patron. jandhis own familie, he counts it lawtull, but on 16 | terms will preterre his deareft and neareft fonne or | kinfman if unworthy. | Fle hates not onely direct fimony, or rather Gehazifme, by the firing, but alfo that which goes about by the bow. Ancient 4 |Councels prefent us with feverall forms hereof. I find |< Patent. | how the Patrons fonnes and nephews were wontto me } we > ) | feed upon the Incumbent, and eat out the prelentation | |In great banquets and dinners, till at laft the Palentine Councel brought a voyder to fich feafts, and made a D : canon againftthem. But the former ages were bung- lers to the cunning contrivance of the fimony-engineers of our'times. O my foul come thou not into their Jecrets. As if they cared not to goto hell; fo be it were not the neareft way, but thatthey might fetcha farre com- pafle round about. And yet father * Campian mutt not carry itfo clearly, who taxeththe Proteftants for maintaining of fimony. We confeffe it-a perfonall vice amongft us, “but not tobe charged as a Church- finne, which by penall Laws it doth both prohibit and punifh. Did Rome herein look upon thé duft behind her own doores, fhe would have but little caule to call her neighbour fluc. What faith the Epi- gram ? An Petrus fuerat Rome fub pudice lis ef? . Simonem Rome nemo fuiffe negat. That Peter was at Rome, there's ftrife about it; That Simon was there, none did ever doubt it. Fle hates corruption not onely in limfelf, but his fervants. O- therwife it will do no good for the Matter to throw bribes away, ifthe Men catch them up at the firft re- bound, yea before ever they come to the ground. *Cambden can tell you what Lord-Keeper it was in the dayes of Queen Elizabeth, who though himfelfan | upright man was hardly {poken of for the bafeneffe lot his fervants in the fale of Ecclefiafticall prefer- | ments. | O When LLL LLL LLL LLL LLL LLL LN LLL CLC. tts tetra tasttea tetera _ —S SE SE I EE AnRn0 | Cone | ~ US TLOL, 14, * Vid. Pidel, | Comment. in E pit. Igna tit | ad Lralienfes. | i | | = | * In the life of Ducen Elizab. Anno Dom, 1596. State. Book Ii. | —— na | When he bath freely bestowed a Living, he makes no boasts of | ‘it. ‘To do this were a kind of {pirituall fimony, to ask | land receive applaufe of others ; as if che commonnelle | | of faulting herein made aright, and the rarity of gi-| | ving things freely merited ex condigno a generall.com- : 6 FOLDED mendation. He expects nothing trom the Clerk he | prefented but his prayers to God for him, relpectrull | | carriage towards him, and painfulnefle in his Calling, | |who having gotten his place freely may difcharge it | the more faithfully : whereas thofe will {carce afford | to feed their fheep fat, who rent the patture at too | high a rate. | To conclude, let Patrons imitate this particular ex- ample of King William Rufus, who ( though facrile- gious in other acts ) herein difcharged a good conict- | J ’ ence. Two Monks came to himto buy an Abbots place of him, (eeking to outvie each other in offering reat fummmes of money, whileft a third Monk ftood by, and faid nothing. To whom faid the King, What wilt thou give for the place.Not a penny,an{wered he, for if is againft my conicience , but here I {tay to wait home on him whom your Royall pleafure {hall de- figne Abbot. Then quoth the King, Thou of the three | belt deferveft the place, and fhalt have it, and fo be- | towed it on him. | ————————— ng eee a ees ee ee, eee a (Chap. py. The good Landl Landlord. HAD: 13. The good Landlord. S one that lets his land on a reafonable rate, fo that the ‘Tenant by employing his ftock, and ufing his indultry, may make an honeft livelihood t thereby, to | maintain himfelfand his children. | | His vent doth quicken hus Tenant but not gall hon. Indeed | tis obferved, that where Landlords are very eafy, the Tenants ( but this is per Accidens, out of their own. lazi- — ) feldome thrive, contenting themfelves to make the juft meafure of their rent, and not labouring for any furplufag age of eftate. But our Landlord puts fome metall into ie ‘Tenants induf try, yet not grating him too much, leftthe Tenant revenge the Landlords cruelty to him upon his land. Yet he raifeth his rents ( or fines equivalent ) in fome proporti- on to the prefent price of other commodities. The > plenty of money makes a feeming {carcity of all other things, and wares of all forts do daily grow dear. If chesebore our Landlord fhould let his rents ftand ftill as his Grandfather left them, whileft other wares dayly gO on in price, he mutt needs be caft farre behind in his eftate. What he fells or Jets to his Tenant, he fuffers lim quietly to | enjoy according to his covenants. 1 his isa great joy toa Te- nant, though he buyes dear to pol felfe without diftur- Bice. A ftrange example there was of Gods punifh- ing a covetous Landlord at * Rye 1 in Suflex, Ano 1570 He having a certain marifh, wherein men on poles did dry their fifhnets, seteived yearly of them a fut ficient fumme of money, till not content therewith | he caufed his fervant to pluck up the poles,not {uttering 4 ‘the fifhermen to ufe them any longer, except they | would compound at a greater rate. Bu it came to | pale the fame night that the fea breaking in 5 ae | ____ covered! a A I A A EN a el” — | MAxime 1 * bee nfhed p. | 224. ee ee | | | | | Pe Lee ek 2 —— as 100 “Tbe Holy State. Book II. | a ee — ees covered the fame marilh with water,and fo it {till con- | tinueth. | | Efe deteSts and abborres all inclojure with depopulation. And | becaufe this may feem a matter of Importance, we will | break it into feverall propolitions. | | 1 Inclofure may be made without depopulating. Infinites Or examples fhew this to be true. But Seppe a tion hath cafta {lander on incloture, which be- ; — te 567 BS OOS 2s gob SR EOE ELS AOE ~ caufe often done with it, people fulpect it cannot | be done without it. | 7 j : . . ; . 2 Inclofure made without depopulating w imjurtows to none. | ee I mean if proportionable allotments be made to the poore for their commonage, and free & leale-| holders have a contiderable fhare with the lord of | the mannour. | Inclofure without depopulating 1 beneficiall to private per- fons. Then have they molt power and comfort to improve their own parts, and for the time, and manner thereof may mould it to their own con- veniencie. Lhe Monarch of one acre will make more profit thereof then he that hath his fharein fourty in common. Inclofure Without depoputating is profitable to the Common-| wealth. If injurious to no private perfon, and pro- | Grable to them all, it muft needs be beneficial to | the Commonwealth, which is but the Sununa totalis | of fundry perfons, as feverall figures. Belides, ifa Mathematician fhould count the wood in the hedges , to what a mighty forreft would it a- | mount ? This underwood ferves for fupplies to | fave timber from burning, otherwife our wooden | walls in the water muft have been fent'to the fire. Adde to this the ftrength of an incloled Countrey | againit a forrein invalion. Hedges and counter- | hedges ( having in number what they want in height and depth ) ferve for narracadoes, and | will ftick as birdlime inthe wings of the horle, ee Vand 4 en le SPIE IEE OES t > eT ~ a aaa = wet ate RAT oe ee ene pe ee ee ee eee and ers ee ee iad OAS are eee | | : | : | | lint |Chap.13. Lhe good Landlord. ed He rejoyceth to fee his Tenants thrive. Yea he counts it a} great honour to himfelf, when he perceiveth that God bleffeth their endeavours, and that they:;come forward he world. I clofe up all with this pleafant ftory. A ee es seer — — ee ee = _ oe . ‘ —_ -_——_——_—~_ —— tea and {cotch the wheeling about of the foot. Small reliftance will make the en emy to earn every mile of ground ashe marches. Obje& not, That in: | cloture deftroyes tillage, the faff of a countrey, for | it need not all be converted to pafturage. Cain and | r Abel may very well agree in the Common wealth. | RENEE © ay i i | the Plowman and Shepherd part the inclofires | betwixt them. Inclofure with depopulation is a canker to the Common- wealth: It needs no proof : wofull experience fhews how it unhoufes thoufands of people, till delperate need thrufts them on the gallows. Long fince had this land been fick of a plurifie of | people, if not let blood in their Weftern Plantaci- ons. Inclofure with depopulation endammageth the parties them- Jelves. *Tis a paradox and yet a truth, that reafon | fhews fuch inclofures to be gainfull, and expe- | rience proves tl 1¢c hem to be lofle tothe makers. It | may be, becaule God being giadypoms, a Lo- ver of man, mankind, and mens {ociety, and ha- ving faid to them, Multiply and increafe, counts it an affront unto him, that men depopulate, and Whereas bees daily {warm, men make the hives fewer. The margin fhall direét you to the * Au- thour that counts eleven mannours ‘in North- | hamptonfhire thus inclofed : which towns have | vomited out(to ufe his own exprefsion ) and un-| burthened themifelves of their former defolating | and depopulating owners, and{ think of their | potterity. : Farmer rented a Grange generally reported to be haun- | — —— ted by Faries, and paida fhrewd rent forthe {ameat O 3 each | ~~ +. * M’ Benthams Chriftian Conflict, pag. oe 5 oreo vee tee ee Ee POPOL at ng Sa me ee ee en | ! / i ee —— —_ “ a ee ceeremcrtetens acs hag Sik) NER iain Tr. | Book Li. | each half years end. Now a Gentleman asked him | how he durftbe fo hardy as to live inthe houle, and | | whether no Spirits did trouble him. Truth (faid the |Farmer ) there be two Saimts in heaven vex me more. then all ‘the devils in hell, namely the Vargin Mary,and Michael the Arche ‘angel ; ON which dayes he paid his rent. ae ee ete oo a <_ The Holy State. a ental Cuap. 14. | T he good Mafter of a (olled 2. } i | THe Jews Amo 1348. were banifhed out of moft | T countreys of Chriftendome, principally for poy- * Munfier™ \foning of {prings and * fountains. Grievous there- pag.asr \ Fore is their offenfe, who infect Colledges, the foun- : tains of learning and religion .and it concerneth the |Church and State, that the Heads of {uch houfes be rightly qualified, fuch men as we come to chara- | cter. | waximex| Elis learning if beneath emimency is fare above contempt. Sometimes ordinary {cholars make extraordinary sood Mafters. every one who can play well on | Apollo's harp cannot skilfully drive his chariot, there being a peculiar myltery of Government. Yea as a lit- tle allay makes gold to work the better, fo ( per- | chance) Lome dulnefle ina man makes him fitter to | manage fecular affairs ; and thofe who have climbed | up Parnaffus but half way better behold worldly buti- ‘neffe ( as lying low and nearer to their fight )then fuch _as have climbed up to the top of the mount. 2 | He not onely keeps the Statutes (in his Study ) but obferves | them : for the maintaining of them will maintain him, if he be queftioned. He gives them their true dimen- | fions, not racking them tor one, and fhrinking them for another, but making his con{cience his daily Vift- 'tour. He that breaks the Statutes, and thinks to rule ‘better by his own dilcretion, makes many gaps in the hedge, and then {tands to. ftop.one of them witha , {take |} i | nen ieee EE eee =e wv ani see nn Raping. Tie geal Agr Fo (den oo ——— —$______ ~— ——+ a ' ; i | of the dead Founders, is the ready way to make livin mens charitie ( like S*' Hugh Willoughby in difcover- | }ing the Northern paflage ) to be frozen to death, and | | | will difhearten all future Benefaétours. | Fle ws principall Porter, and chief Chappell-monitour. For 3 Where the Mafter keeps his chamber alwayes , the {cholars will keep theirs feldome, yea perchance may }take all the walls of the Colledge to be gate. He feeks to avoid the inconvenience when the gates do rather divide then confirie the fcholars, when the Col- : ledge is diftinguifhed (as France into Cis ¢ Tranfalpina) | into.the part on this, and on the otherfide of the walls. | As for out-lodgings (like galleries, neceflary evils in populous Churches ) he rather tolerates then approves them. In his Elections he re{be€teth merit, not onely as the condition 4 but as the caufe thereof. Not like Leofricus Abbot of S. | Albans, who would {carce admit any into his Covent though well deferving, excepthe was a* Gentleman hpi hak | , | ye a born. He more relpects literature in a {cholar, then | 5; 44-ree- great mens letters tor him, A learned Mafter of a Colledge in Cambridge ( fince made a reverend Bifhop, and, to the great griefof good men and great lofle ot Gods Church, lately deceafed ) refufed a Man- date for choofing of a worthlefie man fellow. And when it was expected, that at the leaft he fhould have been outed of his Mafterfhip for this his contempt, King James highly commended him, and encouraged him ever after to follow his own confcience, when the like occafion fhould be given him. | | Fle winds up the Lenants to make good mujftck, but not to 5 | break them. Sure Colledge-lands: were never given to : ‘facthe Tenants and fterve the {cholars, but that both | | j : ‘ might comfortably fubfift. Yea generally I heare the | | | | = SUG antale | itake in his hand. Befides, thus to confound the will | ee ae ee | Mut{es commended for the beft Landladies, and a Col- | ledge-leale is accounted but as the worft kind of tree- hold. He ae ee eee ee ee ee The Holy State. Book Il. | eC —— == Ae is obfervant to do all due right to Benefaétours. Uf not | piety , policy would dictate this unto him. And | | hough he relpects not Benefactours kinfmen, when at heir firft admilsion they count themfelves born heirs apparent to all preferment which the houle can heap on them,and therefore grow lazy & idle;yet he counts their alliance, feconded with mediocrity of defert, a {trong title to Colledge-advancement. He counts it lawfull to enrich himfelf, but m fubordination to ‘the Colledge good. Not like Varus, Governour of Syria, | who came poore into the countrey, and found it rich, but departed thence rich, and left the countrey poore. | Methinks ’tis an excellent commendation which | Trinity Colledge in Cambridge in her records be- | tows on Doctour Still once Matter thereof. Se ferebat | Patremfamulias providum, ayatay x¥poreoPov, 2€C Collegio gravi r | fuit aut onerofus. He difdains to nouri{h dif] enfion amongst the members of his ‘houfe. Let Machiavills Maxime, Divide reonabis, it | offering to enter into a Colledge-gate, fink thorow the | grate, and fall down with the durt. For befides that the fomenting of fuch difcords agrees not with a good |con{cience , each party will watch advantages, and \Pupils will often be made to fuffer for their “Tutours uarrells : Studium partium will be magna pars ftudiorum, and the Colledge have more rents then revenues. He fcorneth the plot, to make onely aunces Fellows , to the end he may himfelf command im chief. As thinking that they who know nothing, will do any thing, and {fo he fhall be a figure amongft cyphers, a bee amongtt drones. Yet oftentimes fuch Mafters are jultly met with, and they find by experience, that the dulleft |horles are not eafielt to be reined. But our Matter en- ideavours fo to order his elections, that every Scholar | may be fit to make a Fellow, and every Fellow a Ma- fter. — CHa P2245; |Chap. 4. The life of Dr. M etcalf. ibe | Derby intending to graft S. Johns Colledge into the | | | | not fiddle, yet he could nate a little city a oreat one : : Cuapr, 14. | N Icholas Metcalf Doétour of Divinity, extracted enateenanndaneneteee tee er PEE SS Le eee | a en Se ee ee s+ eee eee on ee, The lifeof D’. Mercatr. | | | out of an ancient and numerous : family of | | beta A in Yorkfhire,was Archdeacon of Rochefter, & 6 | | Chaplain to John Fifher the Bifhop thereof, by ies | ‘this our Dodétour was emp! loyed to iflue forth the ‘monies for the building of $.Johns Colledge in Cam- ‘ bridge. For Margaret Countetle of Richmond and} | old {tock of S. Tohns Hof picall, referr'd ail to the Bi- | fhop of Rochefter, and he ufed Metcalf as an agent | hin all proceedings aphick did concern that F chide. | on : which will inferre him to be both a wife and an honeft man. ) Some make him to be but meanly * learned ; and * ie ae | one telleth us a long ie how a Sophifter put a falla- | = ky fol. | ce upon him, afenfu d at vifo ac 1 fenfum com pofitum, and yet om pee bis the Licebnaee dimme eyes could not nt Mae it. But oe Co fuch trifles were beneath him.and what wonder is it if | *7* | a Generall long ufed in governing an armie, hath for- : gotten his {cl AP play, and Fencers rules, 3 put by e- | very thrutt ? | Doubtle (fe,had not hislearning been fufhcient,Bifhop od Fifher, a great clerk himfelf, would not have placed : him to govern the Collec ige. But we know that fome | count all others but dry {cholars, whole learning run- neth in a different channell on their own: ant itis | | polsible, that the great diftance betwixt men in matter | of Religion might hinder the new learning in one to} fee the old learning in the other. But grant chat Metcalf, with Themuttocles, could | ‘though dull in himfelf, he could vghet others by his | jencouragement. He found the Colledge { (pending | P Icarce : ee me = | ~~ ee ne ei IE OS EE Te SS Oe 106 * Afcham.- in loce prin cita- la. The Holy State, Book Il. | cerca LLL —_———— eee es ae reupay a as Ha 2 | {carce two hundred marks by the yeare,he left it {pend- | ing a * thoufand marks and more. For he not onely | rocured and fettled many donations, and by-founda- | ‘tions (as we term them ) of Fellowfhips, and Scho- Jarfhips, founded by other , but was a Benefa¢tour himfelf,Pro certis o-namentis (x Struckuris in Capella, & pro } * Pilzeus de Scriptor. An- elt. pag. 773- * Baleus dé | Scriptor. An- | glicanis. | | | ' ‘ , | | | | ee | | | a a | edificatione fex Camerarum a tergo Coquine, &c. as it 1S evl- | 'denced in the Colledge books. He counted the Col- ‘ledge his own home,and therefore cared not what colt hebeftowed onit: notlike thofe Mafters, who ma- ; f 4 } king their Colledges as fteps to higher advancement) will trample on them to raile up themfelves, and uling | 2 their wings to flie up to theit own honour, cannot at-| ford to {pread them to brood their Colledge. But che | thriving of the nourcery, is the beft argument to prove! the skilland care of the nource. See what {tore of| worthy men the houfe in his time did yield: William Cecill, Lord Burly, S:, John Cheek, State{men. Walter Haddon. Ralph Bain, ? Coventrie and Lichfield John Chriftopherfon, sn, 1 Chichester, Robert Horn, f a) Winton, | —™° pts Cr . a James Pilkinton, = | Durefme, | oe (CQ John Tailour, Lincoln, | Thomas Watfon. | (Lincoln. | | Roger Afcham, f | George” Bullock, | Roger * Hutchinton.< Learned writers. | AE AE LEE ee Alban Langdale, | John Seaton. : : Hugh Fitz-Herbert, f William Jreland, | » Laurence Pilkinton,s Learned Men. Beate oe Tomfon, Henry Wright. lL With ee ee eee ‘Chap. 14. The life of Dr. Mercatr. that all thefe were old enough to bear fruit in Metcalfs | ‘time, yet {ure lam by him: they were inoculated; and | | in his dayes admitted into the Colledge. | Yet for all thefe his deferts. Metcalf in his old age | was expell’d the Colledge, and driven out when he | could {carce go. A new generation grew up ( advan- | ced by him ) whofe aétive {pirits {tumbled at his gra- |vity ( young feamen do countyballaft needlefle yea burthenfome in a {hip)and endeavoured his removall. Itappears not what particular faule they laid to his | charge. Some think that the Bifhop of Rochelter his | good lord being put to death, occafioned his ruine, | Fifhers misfortune being Metcalfs higheft mildemea- ‘nour. He funk with his Patron, and when his funne | Was fet it was prefently night with him : for accordin to the Spanifh proverb, * wheregoes the bucket, there goes ee en $e the rope, where the principall: mifcarries, all the depen- | dants fall with him. | j . ; ' Others conceive it was for his partiality in prefet- | ring Northern men, as if in. his compaffe there were | no points but fuch onely as looked tothe North, ad- vancing alone his own countrey-men, and more re- {pecting their need then deferts. Indeed long * before, | find William Millington firft Provolt of Kings Col- ledge put out of his place, for his partiality in electing Y orkfhire men. But herein Metcalf is fufficiently juftified : for he found Charity hotteftin the cold countrey, Northern men vere most * partiall ( faith one ) in giving lands to the Colledge, for the furtherance of learning. Good rea- fon therefore Northern Scholars fhould be moft watered there, where Northern Benefactours rained moft. Well, good old Metcalf mutt forfake, the Houfe. Methinks the blufhing bricks feem afham’d of their ingracitudes , and each doore, window , and cale- ros ment | 1077 With very many more. For though I dare not fay ee ee er i seem | | | *Y ri la [ova | | Con e¢ calderon,' * 1446. Ma- | nufcrip. Hutch. €7. Coll, Regal. | ” ” ” Afcham, in loco citate. eee ene oe ep Pe PERE EU IIE DOES 33 Tbe Holy State. Book Il. ‘ment in the Colledge, was a mouth to plead for | him. But what fhall we fay ? Mark generally the grand defervers in States, and you fhall find them lofe their luftre before they end their life. The world, out of | covetoulnefle to fave charges to pay them their wages, quarrelling ‘with them , as if an over-merit were an offence. And whereas fome impute this to the malignant influence of the heavens, I afcribe it rather to a peftilent vapour out of the earth , | mean, That rather men then ftarres are to be blamed for it. He was twenty years Matter, and onthe 4 day of *Omnesqui | Jue 1537. Went: out of his office, and itfeems dyed Mercalfi exclu" | {oon after: his Epitaph is faftned on a piece of braffe on | dendi autores exiterunt the wall, in the Colledge-Chappell. We muft not for- multis adverle a8 ; . " ~ get that all who wete. great doersin his expulfion, fortune pro- lle ( Gve-dia it 7 , celia ( five Cr | were great fiufferers afterwards, and dyedallin great vina ultione aon * milerie. here is difference betwixt prying into du dejeti& |Gods tecrets, and being ftark blind: YeaI queftion eturbati, in- slorii merce whether we are not bound to look where God points sale meno-| OF 2 memorable a judgement, fhewing that thole rabili, fatus | hy c aC athirh os ic Fad — ee | branches moft juftly whithered which pluck’d up theit Cantabi.pag. | OWN root. 759 7% | | i | ' | Chap.16. The good Schoolmafler. to9 ttt CH A Packe. | The good § choolmafter. Here is {carce any profefSion in ‘the Common. | wealth more neceflaty, which is fo lightly per- | formed. The reafons whereof [ conceive to be thefe : firft, young {cholars make this calling theit reftige, yea | perchance before they have taken any degree in the : Univerlity, commence Schoolmafters in the countrey, | as if nothing elfe were required to fet up this profe(si- | on but ofiely arod and a ferula. Secondly,others who | | etl eth itt — te: ate able ufe it onely as a paflage to bettet preierment, to patch the rents in their prefént fortune, tll they can provide a new one, and betake themfelves to fome mote gainfull calling. T hirdly, they are difhéartned from doing their beft with the miferable reward | which in fome places they receive, being Mafters to | the children, and {laves to their parents. Fourthly, be- | ing grown rich, they grow negligent, and {corn to touch the {chool, but by the proxie of an Ufher.But fee | how well our Schoolmafter behaves himfelf. Fis genius imelines lim with delight to this profefsion. Some men had as lieve be fehoolboyes as Schoolma- {ters to be tyed to the {chool as Coopers Didtionary, | and Scapula’s Lexicon are chained to the desk therein and though great {cholars, and skilfull in other arts, | are bunglers in this: ButGod ofhis goodneffe hath | fitted {everall men for feverall callings, that the necefsi-| ies of Church, and State, in all conditions may be, provided for. So that he who beholds the fabrick | ‘thereof may fay, God hewed outthis ftone, and ‘P| | pointed it to lie in this very place, for it would fit none other fo well, and here it doth moft excellent. And thus God mouldeth fome for a Schoolmafters life, un- dertaking it with defire and delight, and difcharging it with dexterity and’ happy fucceffe. rea He ne eee ee Maxime 1 a atin Nene tat te ctor i Ee ; wre EATS OP a PE IS ee — —_ — arene i eee —— nee = ~~ eecrrwaran sume neE GIO IEE LD AA 410 loly S tate. Book Il. | The a. ftudieth his [cholars natures as carefully As they thet books : and ranks their difpofitions into feverall forms. | ‘And though it may feem difficult for him ina great | fchool to defcend to all particulars, yet experienced |Schoolmafters may quickly make a Grammar _of 'boyes natures, and reduce them all ( faving’ fome few lexceptions ) to thefe senerall rules. , | | 4 Thofethat are ingenious and induftrious. The | conjunction of two fuch Planets ina youth pre- | {age much good unto him. To fuch a lad a | frown may bea whipping, anda whipping a death , yea where their Matter whips them once, | fhame whips them all the week after. Such na- | tures he ufeth with all sentlenefle. Thofe that are ingenious and idle. Thefe think with the hare in the fable, that running with Cnails ( fo they count the re{t of their {chool-tfel- lows ) they fhall come foon enough to the Poft, though fleeping a sood while before their ftart- ing-Oh, a good rod would finely take them nap- ing. Thoie that are dull and diligent. Wines the ftronger they be the more lees they have when they arenew. Many boyes are muddy-headed till they be clarified with age,and fuch atterwards rove the bef. Briftoll diamonds are both bright, and {quared and pointed by Nature, and yet are foft and worthleffe , whereas orient ones in Indiaare rough and rugged naturally. Hard rugged and dull natures of youth acquit them- felves afterwards the jewells of the countrey, aol : therefore their dulnefle at firft is to be born | with, if they be diligent. That Schoolmafter de-| ferves to be beaten himfelf, who beats Nature in} a boy fora fault. And I queftion whether all the | whipping in the world can make their parts, | which are naturally fluggifh, rile one minute before the houre Nature hath appointed. Thole meen CCL LE tv tr? | nn = - Pa ee ee ee = eres — Chap.16. The good Schoolmajler, 4 Thole that are invincibly dull and negligent | alfo. Corre&tion may reform the latter, not amend the former. All the whetting in the world can. never fet a rafours edge on that which hath no fteel_in it. Such boyes he configneth over to other profefsions. Ship-| wrights and boatmakers will choofe thofe crooked pieces of timber, which other carpenters refufe. ‘Thofe may make excellent merchants and .mechanicks which will not ferve for Scho- lars. Fle is able, diligent, and methodicall in hy teaching ; not leading them rather in .a circle then forwards. He minces his precepts for children to f{wallow, hangin clogs on the nimblenefle of his own foul, that his Scholars may go along with him, He 1, and will. be known tobe an abfolute Monarch in his febool. If cockering Mothers proffer him money to pur- chafe their fonnes an exemption from his rod (to live as it were ina peculiar, out of their Mafters jurifdicti- on ) with difdain he refufeth it, and {corns the late cuftome in fome places of commuting whipping into money, and ranfoming boyes from the rod ata fec tice. If he hath a ftubborn youth, corre¢lion-proof, he debafeth not his authority by contefting with him, but fairly if he can puts him away before his obftina- cy hath infected others. | He is moderate in inflitting deferv'd correction. Many a Shoolmafter better anfwereth the name of mado7e/2us | then saidiwywyds, rather tearing his {cholars Heth with | whipping , then giving them good education. No | me wonder if his {cholars hate the Mules, being prefented | unto them in the fhapes of fiends and furies. Junius complains de infolenti* carnificina of his Schoolmatter, by whoma confcindebatur flagris leptics aut o€kies in dies fins ting. gulos. Yea heave the lamentable verfes of poore Tufler in his own life From ; ‘ ee atiaenene ie - er —- -~ ++ oe See eek Book il.| _ a ————— % From Pauls 1 went, to Eaton fent, a | To learn ftraightwayes the Latine phrale, a | Where fifty three Stripes given to me : At once I had. | For fault but fmall, or none at all, | It came to paffe thus beat 1tas ; fai, tt | See,* Vaal, fee the mere of thee of E aton in the | To me poore lad. Vosnnsa oe” K an Retgne of King Me dee, Such an Orbilius marres more Scholars then he ‘makes : Their ‘Tyranny hath caufed many tongues to ftarnmer, which {pake plain by nature, and whole ‘ftuttering at firft was nothing elfe but fears quavering on their {peech at their Mafters prefence. And whole | mauling them about their heads hath dull’d thofe who in quicknefle exceeded their Mafter. 6 | He makes hy fchool free to him, Who [ues tohimin forma | pauperis. And furely Learning is the greateft alms that ‘can be given. But he isa beaft, who becaufe the poore 'Scholax cannot pay him his wages, payes the Scholar ‘in his whipping. Rather are diligent lads to be encou- xaged with all excitements to Learning. ‘This minds ime of whatI have heard concerning M'. Buft, that ‘worthy late Schoolmafter of Eaton, who would never fuffer any wandring begging Scholar(fuch as juftly the Statute hath ranked in the forefront of Rogues ) to ‘come 11to his fchool, but would thruft him iiss with earneftneffe ( however privately charitable unto him) left his {chool-boyes fhould be difheartned from their books, by feeing fome Scholars attertheir ftudying in | the Univerficy pretert’d to beggery. | 7 | He fpoyls not a good fchool to make thereofa bad Colledge, ‘therein to teach his Scholars Logick. For befides that | Logick may have an action of tre{pafle again{t Gram- “mar for encroaching on her liberties, Syllogi{mes are Solecif{mes taught in the {chool, and oftentimes they are forc'd afterwards inthe Univerfity to unlearn the fumbling skill they had before. | : ren < psn LODO DLO LA aed - —_ eee eet avnwe nee ELD — on _ — ~~ -- ee _ cannes < gg EC een > ae - A exceccussanssisitsii iaseertiiitnnlaclaOITN aces — Chap. 17. Thegood Merchant. 4 $e courfe; contenting himfelf to be rich in Latine, though he doth not gingle with it in every company wherein he comes. - Toconclude, Let this amongft’other motives make Schoolmatters carefull in their place, thatthe eminen- | cies of their Scholars have commended the memories | of their Schoolmafters to pofterity, who otherwile in obfcurity had altogether been forgotten. Who had ever heard of R. * Bond in Lancafhire but for ae the breeding of learned Afcham his Scholar 2 or | pag. 6:9. e - ; * Afhton in of * Hartgrave in Brundly fchool, in the fame Coun- coi ty, but becaufe he was the firft did teach worthy | “#79 Doétour Whitaker. Nor do I honour the memory of Mulcafter for any thing fo much, as for his Scholar, that gulf of learning, Bifhop Andrews. This made the Athenians, the day before the great feaft of Thefeus their founder, to facrifice a ramme to the me- : = mory of *Conidas his Schoolmafter that firft inftru- trie éted him. Cuap. 17. The good Merchant S one who by his trading clafpeth the iland to the continent, and one countrey to another. An excel- lent gardiner, who makes England bear wine, and. oyl, and {pices ; yea herein goes beyond Nature in caufing that Omnis fert omnia tellus. He wrongs neither | himfelf, nor the Commonwealth, nor private chap- | men which buy commodities of him. As for his be-| haviour towards the Commonwealth, it farre furpaffes my skill to give any Rules thereof . onely this I know, | that to export things of necefsity, and to bring in for-. rein needlefle toyes, makes a rich Merchant, and a| ‘poore Kingdome : for the State lofeth her radicall, moyfture, and gets little better then {weat in exchange, QO except | a Ee | —_——-—__- + + ----—-——- -— Out of his {chool he ts no whit pedanticall in carriage or dif. 8 —— ~~ ee n re ire Maxime le * Prov. 16.11, The Holy State. Book H. | Oe ee | except the neceflaries which are exported be exceeding plentifull, which then though neceffary in their own nature become fuperiluous through their abundance. We will content our {elves to give {ome general ad- vertifements concerning his Kehaviour towards his chapmen, whom he ufeth well in the quantity, quali- ty, and price of the commodities he fells them. He wrongs not the buyer in Number, Weight, or Meafure. | Thefe are the Land-marks ofall trading, which muft not be removed:for fuch cofenage were worle then o- pen felony .Firft,becaule they rob a man of his purle,& never bid him ftand.Secondly becaule highway-thieves defie, but thefe pretend juftice. Thirdly, as much as lies in their power, they endeavour to make God acceflary to their cofenage, deceiving by pretending his weights. For God is the principall clark of the market, All the * weights of the bag are hus Work. Ee never warrants any ware for good but what 1 fo indeed. Otherwife he is a thief, and may, bea murtherer, if fel- ling fuch things as are apply’d inwardly. Befides, in Gach a cafe he counts himfelf guilty ifhe felleth fuch wares as are bad, though without his knowledge, if a- vouching them for good,becaule he may, profefleth,& = bound to be Mafter in his own myftery, and thete- fore in con{cience muft recompence the buyers loffe, except he gives himan Item to buy itat his own ade venture. ‘ He either tells the faults in his ware, or abates proportionably | in the price he demands : for then the low value fhews the vieioufnefle of it. Yet commonly when Merchants depart with their commodities,we heare(as in funerall orations ) all the virtues but none of the faults thereof. He never demands out of diftance of the price he mtends to take : 1f not alwayes within the touch, yet within the | reach of what he means to fell for. Now we mutt | know there be foure feverall prices of vendible things. Firft, the Price of the market, «which ebbes and flows | according | i 3 | |Ch ap. 17. ~The good Merchant. Ne om —_—-—— according to the plenty or {carcity of coyn, commodi- ties, and chapmen. Secondly, the Price of friendthi which perchance is more giving then felling , and therefore not fo proper at this time. Thirdly, the Price | of fancie, as twenty pounds or more for a dog or| hauk, when no fuch inherent worth can naturally be in them, but by the buyers and fellers fancie reflecting onthem. YetI believe the money may be lawfully taken. Firft , becaufe the feller fometimes on thole terms is as loth to forgo it, as the buyer is willing to i have it. And I know no ftandard herein whereby | mens affections may be meafured. Secondly, it being }a matter of pleafure, and men able and willing, let | them pay for it, Volenti non fit myuria. Laftly, there 1s the Price of cofenage, which our Merchant from his heart detefts and abhorres ° He makes not advantage of bis chapmans ignorance, chiefly if referring himfelf to bis honesty : where the feilers con{cience is all the buyers skill, who makes him both feller and judge, fo that he doth not fo much ask as order what he mult pay. When onetold old Bifhop Latimer that the Cutler had cofened him, in making him pay two- pence foraknife not (in thofe dayes ) worth a peny ; No,quoth Latimer, he cofen’d not me but bis own con/ctence. On the other fide S.* Auguftine tells us of a feller, who out of ignorance asked for a book farre lefle then it was worth, and the buyer ( conceive himfelf to be the man if you pleafe ) of his own accord gave him the full value thereof, He makes not the buyer pay the [hot for his prodigality . as when the Merchant through his own ignorance or ill husbandry hath bought dear, he will not bring in his unneceflary expences on the buyers{core: and in fuch a cafe he is bound to fell cheaper then he bought. Selling by retail he may juftifie the taking of greater gain : be- cauife of his care, pains, and coft of fetching thofe Q2 wares - eee ee er et ) * Lib. 13. de Frinitat. ¢. 3s 6 = ee ee oe ae, a caer TO —— eel . —_ wes 116 T he Holy State. wares from the fountain, and in paxcelling and divi- ding them. Yet becaule retailers trade commonly with thole who have leaft skill what they buy, and com- monly fell to the poorer lore of people, they mauft be | carefull not to grate on their necelsity. | But how long {hall I be retailing out rules to this ) Merchant 2 It would employ.a Cafuift an apprentilhip | | of years : take our Sayiours whole-fale rule, Whatfoever | | ye would have mie; do unto you, do you unto them . for this 15 the Low, and the Prophets. COMA. 10- The good Yeoman Book i. | ean | Sa Gentleman in Ore, whom the next age may {ee refined - and is the wax capable of a gentile 1m celsion, when the Prince fhall ftamp 1c. Wale Solon *Heredous | ( ywho accounted * Tellus the Athenian the moft happy WEE) an for living privately on his own lands ) would furely have pronounced the Englifh Yeomanry, a for- ‘tunate condition, living in the temperate Zone, be- twixt greatnefle and want, an eftate of people almoft | peculiar to England. France and Italy are like a die, | which hath no points betwixt fink and ace, Nobility and Pefantry. Their walls though high, muit needs be hollow, wanting filling-ftones. Indeed Germany hath ker Boores, like our Yeomen, but by a tyranni- call appropriation of Nobility to fome few ancient fa- milies, their Yeomen are excluded trom ever rifing higher to clarifie their bloods. In England the Tem- le of Honour is bolted againft none,who have pafled through the Temple of Virtue : nor is a capacity to be gentile denyed to our Yeoman, who thus behaves himdelf. Maximer| He wears ruffet clothes, but makes golden payment, having tinne in his buttons, and filver in his pocket. Ifhe chance to appear in clothes above his rank, itis to Gees sa ee grace prem Yeoman. | grace fome great man with his fervice,.and then he blufheth at his own bravery. Otherwile heis the fureft landmark, whence forreiners may take aim of the an- cient Englifh cuftomes ; the Gentry more Hoting. after torrein fafhions. In his houfe he ts bountiful both to fbrangers, and pooxe, people, Some hold, when -Holpitalitry dyed, in England, fhe gave her lalt groan amongi{t the Yeomen of Kent. And joints as difhes : No meat difguil’d with ftrange fau- | ces no ftraggling joynt of a fheep in the midit ot,a pa- | fture of grafle, befet with fallads on every fide, butto- | | lid fubftantiall food , no ferviters ( more nimble with | | their hands then the guefts with their, teeth.) rake away | | meat,before ftomachs are taken away, Here you have that which in it felfis good, made better by the ftore of | lit, and beft by the welcome to it. : | Fe hath a great stroke mn. making a Knight of the fhwe. Good xeafon for he makes a whole line 1n the fubfidie- | book, where whatfoever he is rated he payes without any regret,not caring how much his purle is let blood, foit be done by the advife of the phyficians of the State. F2e [eldome goes farre abroad, and his credit Stretcheth further then his trayell. We goes not to London, but fe defenden- | do, to fave himfelf of a fine, being returned of a Juric, where feeing the King once, he prayes for him ever at- terwards. In his own countrey he is a main manin Furtes. W here if the judge pleae to open His eyes in matter of law, he needs not to beled by the nole in matters of fact. He is very obfervant of the Judges item, when it follows the truths inprimis , otherwife(though not mutinous in a Jurie) he cares not whom he difpleafeth fo he plea- {eth his own con{cience. He improyeth his land to a double value by his good husbandry. | Some grounds that wept with water, or frown’d.wath | “ee ) eee’ a ee ——— — ements | {till at our Yeomans table you fhall have as many | >— oe | thorns, | Te, 4. 5 6 ieee se 2 et - gn pt ee as 118 * PJyutarchedeé vum,exemple ultimo. a virtut. mulie- rr — enn fhe Holy State. Book Il. ee te ee ee eee ‘thorns, by draining the one, and clearing the other, he |makes both to laugh and fing with corn. By marle land limeftones burnt he bettereth his ground, and his ‘induftry worketh miracles, by turning ftones into bread. Conqueit and good husbandry both inlarge the Kings Dominions : The oneby the {word, ma- king ‘the acres more in number : the other by the lough making the fame acres more in value.Solomon faith, The King himfelf is maintained by husbandry. Pythis * a King having difcovered rich mines in his king- dome, employed all his people in digging of them, whence tilling was wholly neglected, infomuch asa great famine enfued. His Queen, fenfible of the cala- mities of the countrey, invited the King her husband to dinner, as he came home hungry trom overleeing his workmen in the mines. She fo contrived it, that the bread and meat were moft artificially made of gold , and the King was much delighted with the conceit thereof, till at laft he called for reall meat to fa- tisfie his hunger. Nay, faid the Queen, if you employ all your fubjetts in your mines, you must expect to feed upon gold, for nothing ele can your kingdome afford . In time of famine he ts the Fofeph of the countrey, and keeps the poore from fterving. Then he tameth his {tacks of corn, which not his covetoufnefle but providence hath re- ferv’d for time of need, and to his poore neighbours | abateth fomewhat of the high price of the market. The neighbour gentry court him for his acquaintance, which he either modeftly waveth,or thankfully accept- eth but no way greedily defireth. He infults not on the ruines of a décayed Gentleman, but pities. and relieves him : and as he is called Goodman, he delires to an{wer to the name, and to be fo indeed. In warre, though he ferveth on foot, be is ever mounted on an high fpirit: as being a flave to none, anda fubje& one- ly tohis own Prince. Innocence and independance make a brave {pirit : Whereas otherwife one mutt ask : 'Chap.. 19. The Handicrafis-m nan. beak: his leave « to-be. valiant 6n whom he depends. | Therefore ifa Staterun up all to Noblemen and Gen- | ‘tlemen, fothat the husbandmen be onely mere la-' 19 a | bourers, or cottagers, ( which * one ‘calls but houfd Reyer oe | be: overs) it may have good Cavalry, but never Food | | bands. of foot - -fo tari their armies will be like thofe | birds call’d Apodes, without. feet , alwayes onely flying on their wings of Hath fe. W sito tomake good In- fantry, it requireth men bred, not ina Gries or indi- gen fathion, butin fome ate and plentifull manner. ifely therefore did that knowing Prince, King Hen- » pe oe feventh, provide laws for. ‘the increafe of his | | Yeomanry, ‘that his kingdome fhould not be like to : ‘Coppice-woods, where the ftaddles being left too | thick, all runs to. bufhes.and briers, and there ’s little | leary. underwood. For enaéting, that houfes ufed to husbandr y {hould be Kept up witha competent pro- | portion of land, he did fecretly fow Hydra’s teeth, whereupon ( according to the Poets fiction ) fhould ‘tile ‘up armed men for the fervice of this king- dome. Chap, T he Handicrafts-man. E isa neceflary member in. a Common-wealth: For though Nature, which hath. armed moft o- | ther creatures, oe man ‘aloedhi into the world, yet in giving him hands and wit to ule them, in effedt fhe gave him Shells, Scales, Paws, Claws, Horns, Tusks, with all offenfive and defeateve weapons of Beafts Fith and Fowl, which by the help of his hands in imitati-| on he may provide for himfelf, and herein the skill of | our Artifan doth confift. 7. pag. 74. Fits trades fuch whereby he ff ovides things nece ME ry for manz, Maxime. What $.* Paul faith of the naturall, is alfo true |** Cor. 12. Q 4 of | —— — ee = ‘ — __ - whindls eee sie eee . te we aie ~ ee - | aE ete a a se se ee ee oe ee es ee ee es ee Sie Tie Flay State. Book WI | of the politick body, thofe members of the body are much more neceflary which feem moft feeble. Mean trades for profit, are moft neceflary in the State; and a houfe may better wanta gallery then a kitchin.- The Philiftins knew this when they maflacred all the {miths in Ifrael ( wno might worle be {pared then all the uferers therein) and whofe hammers nail the Com- monwealth together, being neceflary both in peace and warre. Or elfe bis trade contributeth to mans lawfull pleafure. God isnot fo hard a mafter, but that he alloweth his fer- | vants fauce ( befides hunger®) to eat with their meat. But in no cafe will he be of fuch a trade which is a mere Pander to mans luft ; and onely ferves their wantonnefle( which is pleafure runne ftark mad ) and foolifh curiofity. Yet are there too many extant of fuch profefsions, which, one would think, fhould ftand in dayly tear left the world fhould turn wife, and fo all their trades be ca- fhierd, but that (be it fpokento their ihame )’tis as fafe a tenure to holda livelyhood by mens ryot, as by their necefsity. | The wares he makes [hew good to the eye, but prove better mn the ufe. For he knows ifhe fets his mark ( the Tower- ftamp of his credit ) on any bad wares, he fets a deeper brand on his*own confcience. Nothing hath more | debafed the credit of our Englifh cloth beyond the | feas, then the deceitfulnelfle in making them, | fince the Fox hath crept under the fliece of the! Sheep. | By his ingenuoufneffe he leaves his art better then he found it. Herein the Hollanders are excellent ,where children get their living, when but newly they have gotten their life, by their induftrie. Indeed Nature may feem to have madethofe Netherlanders the younger brethren of mankind, allowing them little land, and that alfo | ftanding in dayly fear ofa double deluge, of the fea | | and | | | | eS | a | } , AA ann nen aa ee eee oe tee EO NT Be cc ac a EE ON eee LOLOL OOS Ee OO eT OR ET en: | Chap. 19. The Handicrafts-man. ingenuity hating lazinefle as much as they love liberty, | that what commodities grow not on their Countrey by nature they graft on it by art, and have wonderfully | improved all making of Manutaétures, Stuffes, Clocks si. Watches : thefe latter ac firft were made {fo great and heavy, it was rather a burden then an ornament to | wear them, though fince watches have been made as. light and little, as many that were them make of their | time. | He ts willing to communicate bw skill to posterity. An ine | vention though found is loft if not imparted. But as it | | is reported of fome old toads, that before their death | ‘they fuck up the gelly in their own heads ( which) otherwile would be hardned into a pretious {tone ) | en ee immes ee ee ee out of fpight, that men fhould receive no benifit there-| by ; fo fome ehvious Artifans will have their cunning | die with them,that none may be the better for it; and | had rather all mankind fhould lofe, then any man gain by them. He feldome attaimeth to any very great eftate : except his trade hath fome outlets and excurfions into wholelale and merchandize; otherwife mere Artificers cannot heap up much wealth. It is difficult for gleaners ,with- out ftealing whole fheaves, to filla barn. His chief | wealth confifteth in enough, and that he can live com-| fortably, and leave his children the inheritance of their ' education. Yet he isa grand Benefattour to the Commonwealth. En- | gland in former ages, like a dainty dame, partly out of ftate, but more out of lazineffe, would not fuckle the fruit of her own body, to make the beft to battle and improve her own commodities, but put them outto | nurfe tothe Netherlanders, who were well paid for their pains. In thofe dayes the Sword and the Plough fo took up all mens imployments that clothing was whollic negleéted, and {carce any other webs to be, Sa’ fe > found en te AS ge on EE carrer OT EL eee iat tt ee ee v= mt YY ———— The Holy State. Book Ll. | | found in houles, then what the {piders did make. But | ‘fince fhe hath feenand mended her errour, making | | the beft ufe of her own wooll , and indeed the riches | ofa kingdome doth confiftin driving the home-com- | | modities thereof as far as they will go, working them | | ‘to. their very perfection, imploying more handicrafts ‘thereby. The fheep feeds more with his fliece then | * Holling (head. | pag. 1290. | i | i i : : * Sixteen lit « tle chil- dren werethere | prefented to | ber Majeltie, | eight (pinning | wersied, and | eight knitting’ yarne hoe. his flefh, doing the one but once, but the other once a /yeare, many families fubfifting by the working there- of. Let not meaner perfons be difplealed with reading } | thofe verfes wherewith Queen Elizabeth her felf was highly affected , when in the one and twentieth | {pake to her Highnelle as followeth, i Moft gratious Prince, undoubted Sovereigne Queen, Our onely joy, next God, and chief defence, In this fmall [hew our whole eState 1s feen, The wealth we have, we find proceeds from hence : The idle hand hath here no place to feed, The painfull wight hath fill to ferve his need. Again, Our feat demes ws traff ick here, The fea too near decides-us from the reft : So Weak We were Within this dozen yeare, That care did quench the courage of the beft : But good adyice hath taught thefe * little hands To rend in twain the force of ping bands. From combed wooll we draw this flender thred, From thence the looms- have dealing with the Jame, And thence again in order do proceed Thefe Jeverall works which skilfull art dot) frame : And all to drive dame Need into her cave Our heads and hands together laboured have. a yeare of her *veigne fhe came in progielle to Norwich, wherein a child, reprefenting the ftate of the City, Wel a ee eee Chap. 19. The good Souldier. nl We bought before the things which now we fell : Theje [lender imps, their works do paffe the Waves : | Gods peace and thine we hold, and profper well, Of every mouth the hands the charges faves: Thus through thy help, and aid of power divine Doth Norwich live, whofe hearts and goods are thine. We have caufe to hope that as we have feenthe ci- | ties Dornicks and Arras brought over into England, | fo pofterity may fee all Flaunders brought hither, I mean that their works fhall be here imitated, and that either our land fhall be taught to bear forrein commo- | dities or our people taught to forbear the ufing of them. | I fhould now come to give the defcription of the Day-Labourer ( of whom we have onely a dearth | ina plentiful harvelt ) but feeing his character 1s fo| co-incident with the hired fervant, 1t may well be {pa- | red. And now weel rife from the hand to the arm,and | come to deferibe the Souldier. Cwa ts 10. The good Souldier. Souldier is one of a lawfull, neceflary, com- mendable, and honourable profelsion ; yea God himfelf may feem to be one free of the com- pany of Souldiers, in that he ftyleth himielf, A man of Wwarre. Now though many hate Souldiers as the twigs of the rod Warre, wherewith God fcourgeth wanton countreys into repentance, yet is their calling fo needfull, that were not fome Soul- diers we mutt be all Souldiers, dayly imployed to defend our own, the world would grow fo licenti- ous. ) He keepetl a clear and quiet con|ctence in bis breast, which o- | Maxime 1 ther wife will gnaw out the roots of all yalour.For vicious Soul- diers ~ a _—_ ane —_—— er a sega a | cap 0... Tbe Holy State. Book I. ——— 'diersare compafled with enemies on all fides, their: foes without them, and an ambufh within them of flefhly lufts, which, as S. Peter faith, fight against the foul. None fitter to go to warre, then thofe who have made their peace with Godin Chrift, for fuch a mans foul isan impregnable fort : It cannot be {caled with lad- ders, for it reacheth up to heaven ; not be broken by batteries, for it is walled with brafle ; nor undermined | by pioners, for he is founded on a tock ; nor betrayed by treafon, for faith it felf keeps it ; nor be burnt by pranadoes, for he can quench the fiery darts of the de- vil. nor be forced by famine, for a good con/cience is 4 cone ee tinuall feast. 2 He chiefly avoids thofe finnes, to which Souldiers are tax- ed as most fubjett. Namely common (wearing, which impayreth ones credit by degrees, and maketh all his promifes not to be trufted ; for he who for no profit will finne againft God, for {mall profit will tre{pafle againft his neighbour ; drinking, whoting. When valiant Zifca, near Pilfen in Bohemia, foughe againft his enemies, he commanded the women which followed his army, to cafttheir kerchiefs and | partlets onthe ground, wherein their enemies being | entangled by their {purres ( for though horfmen, they were forced:to alight, and fight on foot, through the roughneffe of the place ) were {lain before they *Fox Altsand| could * unloofe their feet. A deep moralf may be i og gathered hence, and women have often been the nets to catch and enfnare the fouls of many Martiall | men. | | 3 He counts his Princes lawfull command to be bis | | Jufficient warrant to fight. In a defenfive watre, when | *In publicos | his countrey is * hoftilely invaded, *tis pity but | hoftes omnis : : ee: ‘homo miles, | his neck fhould hang in fufpence with his cone Tertull. Apol. ? . o ; + “cap. 2. cience that doubts to fight ; in offentive warre, + Amefiuscea though the cafe be harder, the common Souldier is Conjtien.lib.s-| not to difpute, but do * his Princes com mand. Orher- ac? >? [> | wile i REE EE Tn ee ee tt ae etn A Chap, 9. The good Souldier. wile Princes, before they leavie anarmy . of Souldiers; muft firft leavy an army of Catuifts and Confeffours to {atisfie each {crupulous Souldier. in point of right to | '|the warre . andthe moft cowardly will ‘be the moft | confcientious, to multiply doubts eternally. Befides, | caufes of warre are fo complicated and perplex’d, fo | many things falling in the prolecution, as may. alter the originall {tate thereof, and private Souldiers have g neither calling nor ability to dive into fuch myfteries. But tt the con{cience of a Counfellour or Commander in chief remonftrates in himfelf the unlawfulneffe of this warre, he is bound humbly to reprelent to: his Prince his reafons againtt it. Fle. efteemeth alt hardfhip ealy through hopes. of vittory. Moneys are the finews of ware, yetif thefe finews fhould chance to be fhrunk,and pay cafually fall fhorr, he takes a fit of this convulfion patiently. he is’ con- tented though in cold weather his hands muft be their own fire, and warm themlelves with working , though he be better armed againft their enemies then the weather, and his corflet wholler then his clothes; though he hath more Fafts and Vigills in his almanack then the Romifh Church did ever enjoyn she:pati- ently endureth drougth for defire of honour, andone thirft quencheth another. In a word, though much indebted to his own back and belly, and unable to pay them, yet he hath credit wich himtelf, and confi- dently runnes on ticket with himfelf , hoping the flext victory will difcharge all {cores with advan- tage. | Helooks at and alfo through bis wages, at Gods glory, and | bis countreys good. He counts his pay an ha addition, but no valuable compen(ation for his pains : for what proportion 1s there betwixt foure fhillings a- | week, and adventuring his life ? I cannot fee how their | calling can be lawfull, who for greater wages will fight on any fide againft their own King and ‘caule; R yea ce OO Ee ee (21 wt ee a ee re ee eens i al * m2... Wbé\Holy Stote. Book: Al.)| : : — ee a ea as falfe witnefles were hired again{t our bed | Mat.28. 15+ |* Saviour ( money will make the mouths of men plead againtt cheir Maker ) fo were the Giants now in | the world, who, as the Poets feigned, made warte | again{t God himfelf, and fhould they offer great pay, | they would not want mercenary Souldiers to alsitt | ithem. 6 | He attends with all readineffe on the commands of his Gene yall ,rendring up his own judgement in obedience to | the will and pleafure of his Leader,and by an implicite faith believing all is beft which he enjoyneth, left other- wife he be ferved as the French Souldier was in Scot- land fome eighty years fince, who firlt mounted the pose of a fort befieged, whereupon enfued the eatin ) gaining of the fort: but Marefcal de* Thermes, the Embafadwr. \Erench Genetall, firft knighted him, and then hanged hima within an houre after, becaule he had done it without commandment. 7 |. Hewill notin abravery expofe himfelfto needleffe perill. Tis madnefle to holloe in the ears of fleeping tem- | ptation, to awaken it again{t ones felf, or to go out of | his calling to find a danger : But if a danger meets him ‘(ashe walks in his vocation ) he neither ftands ftill, ‘ftarcs:afide; nor fteps backward, but either goes over it | with valour, or under it with patience. All fingle Du- els he detefteth, as having firft no command in Gods Word.yea this arbitrary deciding canfes by the {word fubverts the fundamentall Laws of the Scripture : Se- condly, no example in Gods Word, that of David and Goliah moving in an higher Sphere, as extraor- dinary : Thirdly, it cempts God to work a Miracle for ‘mans pleafure, and to invert the courle of nature, ey otherwile the ftronger will beat the weaker: | Fourthly, each Dueller challengeth his King as unable ‘or unwilling legally to righthim, and therefore he ufurps the office himfelf : Fifthly, it flaying, he ha- |zatds his neck to the halter ; if flain, in heat ofmalice, | without ne ei —_— ES ON Se A Chap. 19. The good Souldier. = us foul to the de: | without repentance, he adventures | Object. But there. are fome intricate cafes ( as in| Titles of land.) which.cannot.otherwife be deci-| ded. Seeing therefore that in fuch difficulties, the | right in queftion cannowbe delivered by the mid- | witery of any judiciall proceedings, then it muft| (with Julius. Czfar in his mothers belly ) be | cut Out and be determined by the {word. Anfw. Such aright may better be loft, then to light | a candle from hell to find it out, if the Judges | cannot find a.:middle way to part it betwixt) them. Befides, in fuch a cafe Duells are no medium | proportionatum to find out the truth, as never ap- pointed by God to that purpofe. Nor doth it follow that he hath the beft in right,who hath the beftin fight; for he that reads the lawtulneffe of aéiions by their-events, holds the wrong end of the book upwards. Objeét. But fuppofe an army of thirty thoufand In- fidells ready to fight again{ft ten thoufand Chri- ftians, yet fo that at laftthe Infidells are content- ed to try the day upon. the valour of a fingle Champion ; whether in fuch a cale may not a Chriftian undertake to.combat with him, the ra- | ther becaufe the treble oddes before is the reby re- | duced to terms, of equalitie, and fo the victory | made more probable. : Anfw.. The victory was, more probable before ; be-| caufe itis more likely God will blefle his own | means, then means of mans appointing : and it is his prerogative to give victory, as well by few as by many. Probability of conquelt is not -to be meafured by,the eye of humane reafon, contrary | to the {quare of Gods Word. Befides, I queftion | whether it be lawfull for a Chriftian army to de- rive their right of fighting Gods battels to any aE fingle ee a eer cates ee ae eo > rt RE pe we ey rere + eet es rt nr St ren Tt tr te et tt ett eae th ail ‘ fhe Holy State. Book Al. | — fingle man. For the titleevery man hath to pro- mote Gods glory, 1s fo invefted and inherent in his own particular perfon, that he cannot pafle it over to another. None may appear in Gods fer- vice by an Atturney, and when Religion is at the ftake, there muft be fo lookefs on ( except impo- cent people, who alfo help by their ptayers ) and every one is bound to lay his {houlders to the work. Laftly, would to God no Duels might be fought till this cafe came into queftion. But how many dayly fall out upon a tnoré falle, flight, and flitting ground, then the fands of Callis whereon they fight : efpecially, feeing there isan honout- able Court appointed, or foie other equivalent way, for taking up fuch quarrels, and allowing reparations to the party injured. | Object. But Reputation is fo fpiricuall athing it is ineftimable, and Honour falls not under valuati- on : Befides, to complain tothe civil Magiftrate fheweth no manhood, but is hike a childs crying to his father, when he is onely beaten by his e-| uall. and my enemies torcd acknowledgement! of his fault (enjoyn’d him by-the Court ) fhews' rather his fubmifsion to the laws then to me.) But ifl can civilize his rudenefle by my fword, and chaftize him into fubmifsion, ‘then he fings his penitentiall fong in the true tine; and it comes naturally indeed. p | An|w. Honourable perfons in that Court: are the moft competent Judges of Honour, and though! Credit be as tender as the-apple of the eye, yet fuch curious oculifts can carea blemifh therein.) And why,I pray, isit more dilgrace 'to ‘repair! to the Magiftrate for redrefle in Reputation, then| to have recourfeto him in a@tions oftiefpafle 2 The pretence of a forced fubmision is nothing all fubmifsions having aliquid vidlentum in them ; and! even NN ———eeE——EEEE—eeeeEeeEeEe “ —e — oe ‘Chap. 19. The good Souldier. | even the Evangelicall repentance of Gods fer: | | vants hath a mixture of legall terrour frighting | them thereto. | Object. But Gownmen {peak out of an antipathy | they bear to fighting : fhould we be rul’d: by them, we muft break all our {words into pen- | knites ; and Lawyers, to inlarge their gains, fend | prohibitions to remove fuits from the Camps | to their Courts : Divines are not to be confulted | with herein, as ignorant of the principles of Ho- | nour. : Anfw. Indeed Honour is a word of courfe in the talk | ofroring boyes, and pure enough init felf, ex- | cept their mouths foil ic by often ufing of it: But indeed God is the fountain of Honour, Gods Word the Charter of Honour, and godly men the beft Judges of it . nor is it any ftain of cow- ardlinefle for one to fear hell and damnati- on. We may therefore conclude that the laws of Duel- ling, as the laws of drinking, had their originall from the devil. and therefore the declining of needlefle | quarrels in our Souldier, no abatement of Honour. I |commend his difcretion and valour, who walking in | London-ftreetes meta gallant, who cryed to hima | pretty diftance beforehand, Twillhave the Wall ? Yea ( an- | {wered he ) and take the houfe t00, if you can but agree with | the Landlord. But when God, and his Prince, calls for | him, our Souldier | Had rather die ten times then once’ furvive bis credit. Though life be fweet, it fhall not flatter the pallat of | his foul, as with the fweetnefle of life to make him i {wallow down the bitternefle ofan eternall difgrace : | He begrutcheth not to get to his fide a-probability of victory by the certainty of his own death, and fiteth | from nothing’fo much as from the mention of flying. | And though fome fay he is a mad-man that-will pur-} R chafe eee Bossom — ar a tem tnt an NE aren tt Se henge 4 “7 - 2 ~é * me wero. — ow lene ee Ce ee eee a a ttt a ” —— -_ 56 The Holy State. “Book Il. ' chafe Honour fo dearly with his bloud, as that he can- ‘not live to enjoy what he hath bought ; our Souldier ‘knows that he fhall poflefle the reward of his valour goth Godin heaven, and alfo making the world his executor, leave toit the rich inheritance of his memo- ry. 9 "Ya in fome cafes he counts it no difgrace to yield, where it 15 impofsible to conquer ; as when fwarms of enemies crowd about him, fo that he fhall rather be flifled then wounded to death : In fuch a cafe if quarter be offer- ed him, he may take 1 with more honour then the other can give it; and. if he throws up his defperate game, he may happily winne the next, whereas if he layeth it out to the laft, he fhall certainly lofeit and himfelf. But if he be to fall into the hand of a barba- rous enemy, whofe giving him quarter is but repri- ving him for a more ignominious death,he had rather disburfe his life ac the prefent, then to take day to fall into the hands of fuch remorllefle creditours. 10 He makes none the object of bis cruelty, which cannot be the object of his fear. Lyons they fay ( except fore’d with hunger ) eo a ee not prey on women and children, * though | 16. | would wifh none to try the truth hereot : the truly va- ‘tiant will not hurt women or infants, nor will they be cruell to old men. What conqueft is itto {trike him up, who ftands but on one leg, and hath the other foot in the grave ? But arrant cowards ( fuch as would con- quer victory it felf, ifit fhould {tand in their way as they fle ) count themlelves never evenly match’d, ex- | cept they have threefold oddes on their fide,and efteem ‘their enemie never difarmed till they be dead. Such love to fhew a nature fteep’d in gall of palsion, and difplay the ignoble tyrany of prevailing daftards : thefe being thus valiant again{t no reliftance , will make no refiftance when they meet with true valour. @ | Hie counts it murther to kill any in cold bloud. Indeed 1n ta- king Cities by aflaule ( e{pecially when Souldiers have ene ee ia eee | Chap. 1 9. The good Som die, | have fuftered long in an hard fiege ) ic is pardonable what prelent pafsion doth with adidden thrut buca | premeditated -back-blow in cold “bloud is bale. Some excufe there is for bloud enraged, and no wonder if | that {caldeth which boyleth : but when men thall calla confultation if their foul, ‘afd iflue thence a de- liberate act, the more’advifed the deed is, the lefle ad- | Viled it is, when men faife their own pafsions, andare not raifed by them ; {pecially if fair quarter be firkt granted ; an alms which he who gives to day may crave to morrow ; yea, he that hath the hilt in his | hand in the morning, may have the point at his throat ere night. Fe doth not barbaroufly abufe the bodies of his dead enemies. We findthat Hercules was the *firft ( the moft valiant are ever moft mercifull ) that ever fuffered his enemies to carry away their dead bodies, after they had been pat tothe {word. Belike before his time they cruelly jcut the corps in pieces, or caft them to the wild | beafts. | In time of plenty he provides for want hereafter. Yet gene- | rally Souldiers ( as if they counted one Treafurer in an army were enough ) fo hate covetoufneffe that they | cannot affect providence for the fiture , and come | home with more marks in their bodies then pence in | their pockets. Fle is Willing and joyfull to imbrace peace on -¢ood conditions. |The procreation of peace, and not the fatisfying of | triens lufts and liberties, is the end of warre. Yet how many, having watre for their poflefsion defire a perpe- | Cuity thereof ! Wier men then King Henry the eights |fool ufeto cry in fair weather, whole harveft being onely in ftorms, they themfelves defire to raife chem . | wherefore fearing peace will ftarve; whom warre hath farted, and to render themfelves the more ufefull they | prolong difcord to the uemoft, and could with when 'fwords are once'dawn that all fcabbards might be cut afunder. —— ———_— | | Fe | | | | 12 * Plutarch. in vita Thefei, P agin. t5. T3 14 The Holy State: Book Il. | 1 |. Hew as quiet and painfull in peace, as Couragtous m Warre: | If he hath not. gotten already enough whereon com- fortably to fubfilt, he rebetakes himfelf to his former ‘calling he had before the warre began : the weilding | of his {word hath not made him unweildieto do any other. work, and put his bones out of joynt to take ‘pains. Hence comes it to pafle, that fome take by- courfes on the high-wayes, and, death, whom they /honourably fought for in the field, meets them ina | worfe place. | But we leave our Souldier, feeking by his virtues to 'afcend from a private place, by the degrees of Sergeant, -Lieutenant,Captain Colonell till he comes to be a Ge- pnerall, and then in the next book, God willing, you fhall have his example. CHAP. 20. The good Sea-(aptain. Is Military part is concurrent with that of the Souldier already defcribed.: He differs onely in forme Sea-properties, which we will now fet down. Conceive him now ina Man of warre,with his letters of mart, well arm’d-victuall'd and appointed, and fee how he acquits himfelf. Maximex| ‘The more power he hath, the more carefull he ts not to abufe it. Indeed a Sea-captain is a King in the [land of a fhip, fupreme Judge, above appeal, in caufes civill and crt- minall, and is feldome brought to an account in | Courts of Juftice on land, for injuries done to his own imen at fea. + | He ts carefull in obferving of the Lords day. He hath a | sats watch in his heart though no bells in a fteeple to pro- claim that day by ringing to prayers. S' Francis Drake satan. of * in three years failing about the world loft one whole who wea with \day , which was {carce confiderable in fo long him. . Tr: - . o time. “listo be feared fome Captains at fea lofe a day Chap. 20. The good Sea-( aptain. } ; o bath. day every week, one in feven, neglecting the Sab- He ts as pious and thankfull when a tempest is paft, as devout | | When ‘tis prefent : not clamorous to receive mercies,and | ‘tongue-tied to return thanks. Many mariners are calm | in a ftorm, and ftorm in a¢alm , bluftring with oathes. In atempeft it comes to theirturn to be religious whole ‘piety is but a fit of the wind, and when that’s: allayed, their devotion is ended. } - : . | | Ejfcapng many dangers makes--luim not pre/umptuous to run | into them. Not like thofe Sea-men who ( as if their ' ~ Wes | hearts were made of thofle rocks they have often fayled | by )are fo alwayes in death they never think of it. -Thefe in their navigations obferve that it is farre hotter ‘under the Tropicks 1n the coming tothe Line.then un- | der the Line it felf,& in like manner they conceive that the fear & phancy in preparing for death is more terri- |blethen death it felf, which makes them by degrees | delperately to contemne it. | In taking 4 prize he most prizeth the mens lives whom he takes ; though fome of them may chance to be Negroes or Savages.’ Tis the cuftome of {ome to.caft them over- bord and there’s an end of them:for the dumbe fifhes ‘will tell no tales. But the murder is not fo foon > drown'd asthe men. What; is a brother by the half | ‘bloudno kinne?a Savage hath God to his father by | creation, though notthe Church to his mother, and God will revenge his innocent bloud: But our Captain ‘counts the image of God neverthelefle his image cut in ebony as if done in ivory, and: in the blackett | Moores he {ees the reprefentation of the King of hea- | ven. Indwviding the gains he wrongs none who took pains to get | them. Not fhifting off his poore mariners with nothing, oe giving them onely the garbage of the prize, and keeping all the flefh to himfelf. In time ot peace he | quietly returns ‘home, and turns nortto the trade of : S Pirates, —_ ee - a - < - = a eee a pam a eee — i : 12 theses Wo — a ee | | Pirates, whoare the worlt His voyages are not onely for knowledge ; to make dilcoveries tating the worthy Peter Colum the world was cut off at the mid ( which indeed are the navell) utmoft bounds of the contine | duftry inlarged it. (Primus ab inf ufts quod terra e eC. Fhe Holy Stat ~ Book If. | ee fea-vermine, andthe. devils | profit, but fome for honour and | of new countreys, imi- | being bus. Before his. time dle ; Hercules Pillars made the feet,and nc, till his fucceflefull in- merferat yndis Nunciws adventens ipfa * Columba fuit. Occiduts primus gut terram impenit mn undts Nuncius advenens ipfe Columbus erat. Our Sea-captain 1S what the other began. He counts it all mankind is one verall rooms, that we who he counts Europe ) fhould not of the fame houle, and the wor with it felf befor of judgement. Fe daily fees, and duly confi Tell me, ye Naturalifts, w fale, and who firft bo in acalm ? who ma them ? who firfttaught t tures on land 2? fo that th likewife ambitious to p a difgrace, feeing a zo familie, fundry countreys but fe- dwell in the parlour ( fo) know the out-lodgings ders Gods wonders in the deep. ho founded the firft march and retreat to the Tide, Huther fhalt thon come, and no fur- doth not the water recover his right over being higher in nature : whence came the yled it, which made fo much en the winds are not onely wild in a ftorm, but even ftark madin an herricano, who is it that re- ftores them again to their Wits, and brings them afleep de the mighty whales, who {wim ina fea of water, and have a fea of oyl f{wimming in he water to. imitate the crea- e fea isthe ftable of horfe- fithes, the ftall of kine-fifhes, the {tye of hog-fthes, the kennell of dog-filhes, and in all things the fea the ape of the land. Whence growes the amber-greece Id be {carce acquainted eit be diflolved from. felf at the day eas ES sssssspheseasteseesenssee ——— end — SS Se The good Sea-( aptain. Chap, 20. In the Sea? which is not fo hard to find where it js as to know what itis. Was not God the firft fhin. | wright ? and all veffelson the water defcended from | the loyns ( or ribs rather ) of Noahs ark , or elfe who | -durft be fo bold with a few crooked boards nayled to- | gether, a {tick ftanding upright, anda rag tied to it, | to adventure into the ocean ? what loadftone firft touched the loadftone ? or how firft fell it in love with the North, rather affecting that cold climate, then the pleafanc Eaft, or fruirfull South, or Weft ? how comes that {tone to know more then men, and find the wa to the land in a mift?In moft of thefe men take {an@u- ary at Occulta qualitas,and complain that the room is dark, when their eyes are blind. Indeed they are Gods | Wonders ; and that Seaman the greateft Wonder of all for his blockifhnefle, who feeing them dayly neither takes notice of them, admires at them, nor is thankful! for them. ES | | | Uy fi f/ Wh | lk Mi) / WI! Hf) h Mi} WT i fi / i ‘api t wine M MM uid init i Hi) Hf fi! ng? 1 iW 1 WW) fil ye ae 4 idee Wifi bial uncle | Hy Ts r / if Wij thy (i SSS ! KKK MMM TTL | S FRANCIS DRAKE one of the first of thofe yo ch | ‘inhis Sca voyages put a Girdle about. the Worid.He |} }) | Died upon the Seas. Anno Dat 1595 - WAL Seulp : | H| | mn . SX Soe My it | Ss ‘ - — = . ———————————e " The life of Sir Francis Drake. wae Rancis Drake was born nigh* fouth te ae oie in Devonfhire, and brought up in Kent; a ¢ = feript.ofbs \ viding the honour betwixt two Counties, t 2 the saa oue one might have his birth, and the other his educa- Reader. tion. His Father, being a Minifter , led into Kent for fear of the Six Articles, wherein the fting of Po- ery ftill remained in England, though the teeth \thereof were knock’d out, and the Popes Supremacy abolifh-| - oe | eee ~~ Chap. 2 21 The The life of Sir Francis Drake. abolithed Cc oming into Kent, he bound his ot hal Francis apprentice to the Matter of a {mall bark ; 'which traded into France, and Zealand, where he | underwent a hard fervice avid pains with: patience in | | his youth did knit the joynts of his foul, and made | them more folid and compacted. His M Matter dying | unmarried, in reward of his induftry,; bequeath’d his bark unto him for a Legacie. For fome time he contintied his Matters profefsion: | But the Narrow Seas were a prifon for fo large a. |{pirit, born for Sreater undertakings. He foon orew weary of his bark. which would {carce go alone but. as it crept : along by the fhore: wh rerefore felling it, he unfortunately ventured moft ot his eftate with Captain | John Hawkins into the Weft Indies, whole goods were taken by the ying tee at S. John de Ulva, and | he himfelf fcarce efcaped’ with life. The King of Spain being fo tender in thofe parts, that the left | touch doth wound him, and fo jealous of the Welt Indiés his wife, that wi illinely he would have none | look upon her, and theréfore uled chem with the| Sreater feverity. Drake was perfwaded by the Minifter % his {hip that he might lawfully recover in value of the Kin of Spain, ant repair his lofies upon him any where | elf. The Cafe was clear in fea-divinity , and few | are fuch Infidels , as not to believe doétrines- which | make for their own profit. Whereupon Drake , though a poore private man, hereafter undertook te | revenge himfelf on fo mighty a Monarch . who, as | not Giitented that the Sun rifeth and fetteth in his des minions, may feem to defire to make all his’own | wheréhe fhineth. And now let us fee how a dwarf, | ftanding on the Mount of Gods: providerite;/may prove an overmatch fora giant. | After two or three (evel Voyagés'to gain — gence inthe Weft Indies, and fome prizes takenat 3 ,, ss laft | : 1567. ——E ae es ane 134. nas ene | aft ie effectually fet forward from Plimouth with | ——- ee ek ac Book Ih | § (cwo fhips , the one of feventy, the other twenty five | | | | tunnes, and feventy three men and boyes in beth. He made with all {peed and fecrecy to Nombre de Dios, as loth to put the Town to too much charge ( which he knew they would willingly beftow ) 1n| providing beforehand for his entertainment; which City was then the granary of the Weft Indies, where- in the golden harveft brought from Panama aa hoarded up till it could be conveyed into Spun. | They came hard aboard the fhore, and lay quie: all night intending to attempt the Town in the dawning | of the day. | But he was forced to alter his refolution, and al- | fault ic fooner . for Le heard his men muttering a- mongtt themfelves of the ftrength and greatnelle of | the ‘Lown : and when mens heads are once fy-blown with buzzes of fufpicion, the vermine multiply in- ftantly, and one jealoufie begets another. Wherefore heraifed them from their neft before they had hatch’d their fears, and to put away thofe conccits, he per- (waded them it was day-dawning when the Moon rofe, and inftantly fet on the Lown, and wonne it being unwalled. In the Market-place the Spaniards falured them with a volley of fhot ; Drake returned | their greeting witha flight of arrows, the beft and an- cient Englifh complement, which drave their ene-| mies away. Here Drake received a dangerous w ound, | though he valiantly conceal’d it a long time, knowing | if his heart ftooped, his mens would fall, and loth | to leave off the aétion, wherein if fo bright an oopor- tunity once fetteth, it feldome rifeth again. Fut at length his men forced him to return to his fhip, that his wound might be drefled, and this unhappy acci-| dent defeated the whole defigne. Thus victory fome-| a 4 t t SF SES Ee ‘ ae times flips thorow their fingers, who have caught it} in their hands. q f i But} heed a i But his valour would not let him give over the pro- ject. as long as there was, either life or warmth in it : | And therefore having. received intelligence from the | Negroes, called Symerons, of many maules-lading of | gold and filver, which was to,be br ought from Pana- | mi, he leaving conapetent, numbers to man his {hips | went onland with the reft, and beftewed himfelt in the woods by the way as they were to pafle, and fo in- tercepted and carted away an infinite mafle of gold. Asfor the filver which was not portable over the | mountains, they digged holes in the ground and hid ir therein. | There want not thofe who love to beat down the | price of every honourable action, though they them- | felves never mean to be chapmen, [hele cry up. Drakes fortune herein to cry down. his valour ; as if, this his performance were nothing, wherein a golden, opportunity ran his head with his long forelock into | Drakes hands beyond expectation. But certainly his refolution and unconquerable patience deferved much praife, toadventure on fuch a defigne, which had in it juft no more probability then what was enough to keep it from being impofsible : yet | admire not fo mutch at all the rreafure he took, as at the rich and deep mine of Gods providence. Having now full fraughted himfelf with wealch, | and burnt at the Houfe of Crofles above two hundred | thouland pounds worth of Spanith Merchandile, he | returned with honour and {atety into England, and | fome * years after undertook that his famous voyage | ,.,177, 2 about the world, moft accurately def{cribed by our | Englifh Authours : and yet a word or two thereot will not be amifle. | Setting forward from Plimouth, he bore.up for Ga- | boverd, where nearto the land of S. Jago he took | rifoner Nuno-da-Silva, an experienc’d Spanith pilor, whofe direétion he ufed in the coafts of Brafil and | | Magellan] __ ee ’ er re —~ Chap. 21%. Lhe life of Sir Francis Drake. 135 Oo eee 16 T he Holy State. Book II. | | Magellan ftrairs, and afterwards fafely landed him at | 2 : Guatulcoin New Spain. Hence they took their courte | oh to the iland of Brava, and hereabouts they met with | i | thofe tempeftuous winds, whofe onely praifeis, that | they continue not above an houre, in which time | * manwfe-of | they change * all the points of the compafle. Here they | Souris (had great plenty of rain, poured ( not as in other | places, as it were out of fives, but ) as out of {pouts, fo | that a but of water falls down in a place: which not-| | withftanding is but a courteous injury in that hot cli- | mate tarre from land,and where otherwife frefh water cannot be provided : then cutting the Line, they !aw ‘the face of that heaven which earth hideth from us, * cambd.E liza ‘buctherein onely three * ftarres of the firft greatnefle, ANNO 158% Pe | i gets the reft few and {mall compared to our Hemitphere, ) as if God, on purpofe, had fet up the beft and biggeft | candles in that room wherein his civileft guelts are | entertained. | woyage with 7 Fran. Drake. Sayling the South of Brafile, he afterwards pafled | + duguf, 20.| the * Magellan ftraits, and then entred Mure pacificum, aa came to the Southermoft land atthe height of 55 } la- | titude. thence directing his courfe Northward, he | pillaged many Spanifh Towns, and took rich pri- | zes of high value in the kingdomes of Chily, Peru, | and New Spain. Then bending Eaftwards, he coafted : China, and the Moluccoes, where by the King of ‘Ter- | renate, a true Gentleman Pagan, he was moft honout- ably entertain’d : The King told them, They and he | wereall of one religion in this refpect that they believed « mame \" Motin Gods made of ftocks and ftones as did the | Geor Foree(em | Portugalls. He furnifh’d them alfo with all neceflaries | jthat they wanted. | * 579. On the ninth of * January following,his fhip having a large wind anda {mooth fea,ran a ground on a dan- gerous fhole, and f{trook twice on it, knocking twice at *Hacuitsuy-\the doore of death, which no doubt had opened the | 490, P.7 4303 p x s eal. third time.Here they *ftuck from eight a clock at night so g | cill | en ee oe er we a 2 ee re ee mr ——— ee ee ce Chap. 21. TLhelfe of Sir Francis Drake. ‘till foure the next afternoon, having ground too much and yet too little to land on,and water too much and yet too little to fail in. Had God ( who, as the wife- ‘man faith, Prov. 30. 4. boldeth the winds in his fist ) but opened his little finger, and let out the f{malleft blaft, they had undoubtedly been caft away ; but there ‘blew not any wind all the while. Then they concei- 'ving aright that the beft way,to lighten the fhip, was firft to eafe it of the burthen. of their finnes by true re- ‘pentance, humbled themfelves by fafting under the hand of God : Afterwards they received the Commu- ‘nion, dining on Chrift inthe Sacrament, expecting no other then to fup with him in heaven : Then they caft out of their fhip fix great pieces of ordinance, ‘threw over-board as much wealth as would break ‘the heart of a Mifer to think on’t, with much fuger, _and packs of {pices, making a caudle of the fea round ‘about: Then they betook themfelves to their prayers, the beft lever at fuch a dead lift indeed, and it plea- fed God that the wind, formerly their mortall enemy, ‘became their friend, which changing from the Star- board to the Larboard of the fhip, and rifing by de- | grees, cleared them off to the fea again, for which they ‘returned unfeigned thanks to almighty God. | By the Cape of good hope and weft of Africa he re- ‘turned. fafe into England, and landed at * Plimouth, (being almoft the firft of thofle that madea thorow- light through the world ) having in his whole voyage, ‘though a curious fearcher after the time, loft one day | through the variation of feverall Climates. He feafted | the Queen in his fhip at Dartford, who Knighted him | for his fervice: yet it grieved him not a little, that fome prime * Courtiers refufed the gold he offer’d them, as | gotten by piracy. Some of them would have been loth | any , to have been told, that they had Awwm Tholofanum in | their own purfes. Some think that they did it to fhew that their envious pride was above their covetoulnefle, T who CC CC 3 — ee en - _ = = A TT * Novemb, 3. | 1580. * Camb. Eliza Anno ut priks, pag. 127. er Book Lf. necesita LL LL AOL en The Holy State —_—— 139, _ —-- a ' Mee Ai ios he es aay oe his 7 | | who of fet purpole did blur the fair copy of his.per- : formance, becaule they would trot take pains to write | See ee 7 >= ey Ag Se. ee ee nes pha vo. = < . — re 2 fo! ez . ce + eet : 4 = a = ee : = SS ee SS = = = = ee oe =: after it. | | | I pafle by his next *Welt Indian voyage, wherein he [took the Cities of S. Jago, S. Domingo, Carthagena, and S. Augultine in Florida : as allo his lervice perior- | | med in 88, wherein he with many others helped to the | /waining of that halt Moon, which fought to govern | all the motion of our Sea. I haftto his laft Voyage. | 1595+ | Queen Elizabeth perceiving that the onely way to |make the Spaniard a criple for ever, was to cut his 51-| news of warre in the Weft Indies, furnithed S' Francs | Drake, and St John Hawkins with fix of her own ‘fhips, befides 21 {hips and Barks of their own provi. | containing in all 2500 Men and Boyes, tor tome Pes ee SS SS 1585. | ding, | fervice on America. But, alas, this voyage was marr’d | before begun. For fo great preparations being too big fora cover,the King of Spain knew of it, and fent a Caravall of advifo to the Weft Indies, fo that they had ‘natits | intelligence * three weeks before the Fleet fet forth of aa England , either to fortifie, or remove theit trealure, whereas in other of Drakes Voyages not two of his} own men knew whither he went; and managing | {uch a defigne is like carrying a Mine 1 warre, if 1 | hath any vent, all is {poyled. Befides, Drake and Haw- | kins being in joynt Commisfion hindred each other. | The later took himfelf to be inferiour rather in fuccefle | then skill and the action was unhke-to protper when | neither would follow, and both could not handfomly | oabreaft. It-vexed old Hawkins that his counfell was | not followed, in prefent faylingto America, but that they {pent time in vain in aflauluing the Canarics);| and the grief that his advice was flighted: ( fay fome)| was the caufe of his death. Others impute irto the for] row he took, for the taking of his Bark called the| Francis which five Spanifh Frigates had intercepted:But | | whe the fame heart hath two mortall wounds given it; | cogether, tis hard to fay which of them killeth. Drake; | | | Chap.21. The life of S’. Francis Drake. Drake continued. his courfe for Port-Rico, and ri- ding within.the roade, a fhot from the Caftle entred the fteerage of the fhip, took away the ftool from un-| der him as he fate at fupper, wounded S* Nicholas | ——— nee Clifford and Brute Brown to death. Ah dear * Brute | * From the (faid Drake ) I could grieve for thee, but now is no time for ees oe ; 7 | th me to letdown my fpirits. And indeed a Souldiers moft | ny proper bemoaning a friends death in warre is in re-| re rs 2s ee SE Se ee | oner Lately de- venging it. And fure, as if grief had made the Englith | ca. furious, they foon after fired five Spanifh fhips of} two hundred. tunnes apiece, in delpight of the | Caftle. | America is not unfitly refembled to an Houre-glafle, | which hath a narrow neck of land ( fuppofe it the | hole where the fand pafleth ) betwixt the parts there- | of Mexicana & Pervana. Now the Englith hada de-| figne to march by land over this Ithmus from Port- | Rico to Panama, where the Spanifh treafure was | layd ‘up. S' Thomas Baskervile, Generall of the land- | forces, undertook the fervice with feven hundred and | i i fifty armed men. They marched through deep wayes, | the Spaniards much annoying them with {hot out | of the woods. One fort in the paflage they allaulced in vain, and heard that two others were built to ftop them, befides Panama it felf. They had fo much of this breakfaft, they thought they fhould. furtet | of a dinner and {upper of the fame.. No hope ot conqueft, except with cloying the jaws of Death,| and thrufting men on the mouth of the Canon. | Wherefore fearing to find the Proverb true, That Gold | may be bought too dear, they returned to their fhips. | Drake afterwards fired. Nombre de Dios, and many | other petty Towns ( whofe trealure the Spaniards | had conveyed away _) burning the empty casks, when | their precious liquour was runne out before, and then | prepared for their returning home. aie my Great was the difference betwixt the Indian cities * 2 now SN eee as PT LE LL OD * fanuary the difeale of the flux wrought his fudden * death. 28+ 1)9)*| And ficknefle did not fo much untie his clothes, as — —— ee — © The Holy State. Book Ll. now from what they were when Drake firft haunted ‘thefe coafts : At firft the Spaniards here were fate land fecure, counting their trealure fufficient to defend lic felf, the remotenefle thereof being the greatelt (al- ‘moft onely ) refiftance, and the fetching of it more Ithen the fighting for it. Whileft the King of Spain louarded the head and heart of his dominions in Eu- rope, he left his long legs in America open to blows, ‘till finding them to {mart, being beaten black and ‘blew by the Englifh, he learned to arm them atlaft, fortifying the moft important of them to make them ‘impregnable. | Now began S' Francis his difcontent to feed upon | ‘him. He conceived that expectation, a mercilefle ufu- ‘rer, computing’ each day fince his departure exacted lan intereft and return of honour and profit propor- ‘tionable to his great preparations, and tran{cending ‘his former atchievements. He faw that all the good ‘which he had done in this voyage, confifted in the ‘evill he had done to the Spaniards afarre off, whereof ‘he could prefent but {mall vilible fruits in England. 'Thefe apprehenfions accompanying if not caufing forrow did rend at once the robe of his mortality a- funder. He lived by the fea, died on it, and was buried ‘in it. Thus an ex-tempore performance ( {carce heard tO be begun before we hear it is ended ) comes off | with better applaufe, or mifcarries with leffle difgrace, then a long ftudied and openly premeditated action. | Befides, we fee how great {pits having mounted to ‘the higheft pitch of performance , afterwards ftrain \and break their credits in ftriving to go beyond it. | Laftly, God oftentimes leaves the brighteft men in an 'eclipfe, to fhew chat they do but borrow their luftre froma his reflection. We will not juftifie all che aGtions of any man, though of a tamer profelsion then a Sea- 2 ee | Chap. 22. The good Herald, a Se | Sea-Captain, in whom civility is often counted | precifenefle. For the main , we fay that this our | Captain was a religious man towards God and his ‘houfes (generally {paring Churches where he came ) | chaft in his life, juft in his dealings, true of his werd, |and mercifull to thofe that were under him, hating | nothing fo much as idlenefle : And therefore left his foul fhould ruft in peace, at {pare houres he brought frefh water to Plimouth. Carefull he was for pofteri- ty (though men of his profefsion have as well an ebbe | of riot, as a flote of fortune ) and providently raifed a worlhipfull Family of his kinred. In a word, fhould thole that fpeak againft him faft till they fetch their bread where he did his, they would havea good fto- mach to é€at it. i i i | | i Crap. 22. The good Herald. Eis a Warden of the temple of Honour. Mu- tuall necefsity made mortall enemies agree In thele Officers . the lungs of Mars himfelf would be burnt to pieces having no refpiration in a truce. He- ralds therefore were invented to proclaim peace or | warre, deliver meflages about fummons of forts, ran- | foming of captives, burying the dead, and the like. | leis graye and faithfull in difcharging the fervice he 4s imploy- ed in. The names which Homer gives the Grecian Cery- ces, excellently import their virtues in difcharging their office : One was called Aiphalio, fuch an one as | made fure work , another Eurybates , cunning and fubtle ; a third Theotes, from his piety and godlinefle; a fourth Stentor, from his loud and audible pronoun- | cing of meflages. Therefore of every Heathen facrifice | the * tongue was cut out, and given to the Heralds, to \{hew that liberty of {peech inall places was allowed ithem. verbo Herald, Se He | et A ne ce a a ee ——S Maxime 1 * Sr, Hen. Spel- man Glogar. de | oe owt. ee Se a ey Sn ob Ste tt rerer ct re mete ont cates ee ee wot etal tee ee ee eee | 14.2. T he Holy State. : Book bie | 2 aS" He imbitters not a diftaftfull mef] age toa forrem ‘Prince | by his indifcretion in delivering it. Commendable was | | the gravity of Guien King of arms 1n France, and | Thomas Bevolt Clarenceaux of England, tent by their lfeverall Princes to defie Charles the Emperour. For lafter leave demanded and obtained to deliver the | meflage with fafe conduct to their perlons, they de- ilivered the Emperour the lie in writing, and defying | him were fent home Cafe with rewards. It fared worle |witha foolifh French Herald, fent from the Count of Orgell to challenge combat with the Count of Car- | donna, Admiral of Arragon, where inftead of wearing his Coat of Arms the Herald was attired ina long linen garment, painted with fome difhoneft actions, | imputed to the faid Count of Cardonna. But Ferdi- nand King of Arragon cauled the Herald to be whipt span. Hip.in | NaAKed through the {treets * of Barcelona, asa punith- pas e-\ ment of his prelumption. Thus his indefcretion re- | mitted him to the nature of an ordinary perion, his Armour of proof of publick credence fell off, and he left naked to the ftroke of juftice, no longer a pub- lick Officer, but a private offender. Pafle we now fom his ufe in warre to his imployment in peace. 3 | He ws [kilfull in the pedigrees and_de|cents of all ancient Gentry. Otherwife, to be able onely to blazon a Coat doth no more make an Herald, then the. reading the titles of Gally-pots makes a Phyfician. Bring our Herald to a Monument, ubijacet epitaphium, and where the Arms on the Tombe are not onely creft-fallen but their colours {carce to be difcerned, and he will tell whofe they be, if any certainty therein can be re- {cued f-om the teeth of Time. But how fhamefull was Spe tg ‘the ignorance of the French * Heralds fome fourty ee fince, who at a folemn entertainment of Honour; x.bok Queen Mary of Florence, wife to King Hentie the a cheb-635) Fourth | did falfly devife and blazon both the Arms of Florence,and the Arms of the Daulphin of France, now King thereof. He | i e e et A Chap. 22. T The good ee eth the memories of extinguufh'd a Families Ve € refull pre fe oy) of fiich Zelophehads, who dying left onely dauth- t: > J te aithhull to many ancient Gentlemen | then their own Heirs were, who fold their lands, and | with them (as muchas in ‘then lay ) their memories, | | which our Herald carefully treafureth up. : Fle restoreth many to thew own dk full Arms. An Heir is r a Phenix in a familie, there can ’be but one of them at | the fame time. ance comes it ot ten CO pal fle, that | young yer brothers ot gentile families live in low w ayes, | c clouded often umongtt the Yeomanty ; and yet thole | | under ‘boughs STOW from the fame root with the | top- branches. it may happen afterwards chat by in- duttry they may advance.themfelves to their former | luftre - an d good r eafon they fhould recover their an- | cient cnfigns s of honour belonging unto them: For | the river Anas in Spain, though running many miles | under ¢ delat when it comes Up again 1s “fill the fame | river which it was before. ‘And yet : Fle curbs their V Jur} vation Who uinyustly entitle themfel ves to | | | rs. Hie is more | a eect eee, md ed himfelf to be nephew to C, Marius, who had | feven times been Conlul, and carried it info high a| (train that many believed him, and fome companies in | Rome accepted him for their oP atron Such want not | amongft us, whoin {pight of the {tock will en; g) aft theme es into noble bloods, and thence derive their | pedegree. Hence they new mould their names, taking | from the m, adding to them, melting out all the liquid letters. torturing miites to Alike them (peak, and ma- ky ing vowels dome to bring it toa Elbcious Homo- | nomy at the laft, that their names may be the fame with thofe nobles Houles they pretend to. By this, trick (to forbear dangerous inftances, if affinity of found makes kinred) Lutulentus makes himfelf kinne | to Luculentus, dirt to light, and Anguitus to Augu tus, fome narrow. hearted Pe -afant, tO fome large-! (pirited Prince, | I ' | | \: s | | ) At | | | ee te te cee ane te ~-- ~ harem . : — = Le ee pe ee = eins eee eee 143 6 ancient Houfes. Hierophil us a* Ferrier in Rome pretend- © oetaag } a a en ee ee — i ne ee . — LT ee: ee ee, en ents to ergy —— —-— - a ~—: - yee ar. a — — ~ re w ~~ a + gobeh 2 . oe ee >a = r — — = = —<—- —_— z = 7 - “ sy —- = < ~ +; —“— —— ee a eel —— = —— — = - — — eae > ee - —_—=—- = —————— = : Fs —-~- — - a. / rw Hr — | | | The Holy State. Book Il. Z 4 re ee | Prince, except our good Herald marre their mart, and diftover their forgery. For well he knows where in- deed the names are the fame (though alter’d through difguil’d by the variety of writing in feverall ages, and lifping of vulgar people, who mi(call hard French Sit- names ) and where the equivocation is untruly affected. | He afsignes honourable Arms to fuch as raife themfelves by de- ferts. In all ages their muft be as well a beginning o new Gentry, as an ending of ancient.And let not Linea, when farre extended in length, grow fo proud as to (orn the firft Punétum which gave it the originall. Our Herald knows alfo to cure the furfer of Coats, and un- furcharge them,and how to wafh out ftained colours, when the merits of Pofterity have outworn the dif- races of their Anceitours. He will not for any profit favour wealthy unworthineffe. Ita é hatall his fhield fhould rich Clown ( who delerves t be the Bafe point ) fhall repair to the Herald-office, as toa drapers hop, wherein any Coat may be bought for money, he quickly finds himfelf deceived. No doubt if our Herald gives him a Coat, he gives him, al- fo a badge with it. er eee | Chap. 23. The life of M' WW. Cambden. 145° - a ee et et + “me a - ee re Op cee ey ~- en EE ELS SIE OE is ET ES OT 2. EE BT \ S yh Lh ,> fp NMA A if yf vay ty al 1 ! AWE ‘| Keli) TPZ i ~ ( f a We) Leer j NVA a Y UKE VEN \\ —~ . Ws. Un Wie tippy; bys LE WO, Wf ij iff Uf, y , J Yy tA : / sf tify ey i ae YSI4 i if MIT AY ULWSLILAAALLAAALLALLLLEIDALLUMDAGLUALLULULGAATIVOGAILERTTTTATHTUUTOTTITIGTTVGONTIBGIGTOOTTTCTTTI Eta WILLIAM CAMBDEN Clarenciaux king of | ~Armes.He dyed at Weftminster Anno Dnt 162 3 : Aged 7 4 ycarcs . A by WZ; W Marfhall feulp The life of MW. Camopen. [liam Cambden was born Amo 1550 in old Baily, in the City of London. His Father, | |Sampfon Cambden, was defcended of honeft paren- tage in Staffordfhire ; but by his Mothers fide he was |+ 4 gaius no: | extraéted:: from the worfhipfull family of the * Cuir- | bis (abs in- | vidia ) genus | wens in Cumberland. 'maternum, Cambd. Brit. | He was brought up firftin Chrift-Church, then in| [7 mber Pauls School in London, and at fifteen: years of age : V went —— - $A AL tte eg EL TTS cena TO a ee ee rn eit a t etedly et Ae net aan __eneteenmtenited , <8 emo «tester res ts : i 4 Ne ACCS INS 2 gr eo meek gta ees MERE t cates ei a Wheat. Evmin “vatlin Oe en i OR a - eee (146. - The Holy State. Book II. | | ; = aig a ete NaS Se Lic” ORT NE i 1a went to Magdalen Colledge in Oxford, and thence to | z | * ex Parenta- |X Broadgates Hall, where he firft made thofe fhort La- | tione Degorit tine Graces, which the Servitours {till ufe. From hence | he was removed, and made ftudent of Chrift Church, where he profited to {uch eminency, that he was pre- ferred to be Mafter of Weftminfter School, a moft fa- | mous feminarie of learning. | For whereas before, of the two grand Schools of England, one fent all her Foundation-{cholars to Cam- |, 'bridge, the other all to Oxford, the good Queen (as the Head equally favouring both Breafts of Learning and Religion ) divided her Scholars here betwixt both Univerfities, which were enriched with many hope- full plants fent from hence, through Cambdens learn- ling, diligence, and clemency. Sure none need pity | the beating of that Scholar,who would not learn with- | out it under fo meek a Mafter. His deferts call’dhim hence to higher employ- ments. The Queen firft made him Richmond Herald, | and then Clarenceaux King of Arms. We reade how | Dionyfius firft King of Sicily turn’d afterwards a Schoolmafter in his old age. Behold here Dionyfius inverted, one that was a Schoolmafter in his youth be- come a King( of Arms ) in his riper years, which place none ever did or fhall difcharge with more integrity. He was a moft exaét Antiquary, witnefle his worthy work, which is a comment on three kingdomes . and never was fo largea text more biiefly, fo dark a text |more plainly expounded. Yea what a fair garment hath been made out of the very fhreds and Remains 6f that greater Work 2 ltis moft worthy obfervation with what diligence | he inquired after ancient places, making Hue and Crie }after many a City which was run away, and by cer |tain marks and tokens purfuingco find it ; as by the ‘tituation on the *Romane high-wayes, by juft diftance ove i rom other ancient cities, by fome afh nity of name, Be Eo by a i ee | by tradition of the inhabitants, by Romane coyns dig-| ged up, and by fome appearance of ruines. A broken} urn is a whole evidence, or an old gate ftill furviving, | out of which the city is run out. Befides, commonly | fome new {pruce town, not farre off, Is Crown out of the afhes thereof, which yet hath fo much natural af- tection, as dutifully to own thofe reverend ruines for | her Mother. By thefe and other means he arrived at admirable knowledge, and reftored Britain to her felf. And let | none tax him for prelumption in conjectures where | the matter was doubtfull; for many probable con-| jetures have ftricken the fire, out of which Truths | candle hath been lighted afterwards. Befides, con-| jectures, like parcells of unknown ore, are fold but at | low rates : If they prove fome rich metall, the buyer is a great gainer ; if bafe, no loofer, for he payes for it ac- cordingly. His candour and {weet temper was highly to be} commended , gratefully acknowledging thofe by, whom he was afsifted inthe work (in fuch a cafe confefsion puts the difference betwixt ftealing and bor- rowing ) and furely fo heavy a log needed more levers then one. He honourably mentioneth fuch as differ from himin opinion, not likethole Antiquaries, who E are fo {narling. one had as good diflenta mile as an hairs breadth from them. | Moft of the Englifh ancient Nobility and Gentry he hath unpartially oblerved. Some indeed object that extolling fome families rather greatthen ancient, ma- king them to flow from a. farre fountain becaufe they | had a great channell,efpecially if his private friends.But | this cavil hath more of malice then truth : indeed ‘tis | pitty he fhould havea tongue, that hath not a word for | a friend on juft occafion ; and juftly might the ftream lof his commendations run broader, where meeting| ee OU ES, ) wi \ min “i >a 7 j 4 f A = } - j tn = Ay) UI, es ONS rd peo q IS E * so % Y= Beep 2) y; . K i, ae (es) ll 404, ° C8 a MINE) ERA ez hc CPOE Si BOL ENS +*% + Ae * 4 - YY, . MV, YM ~ SSS Sr =< co __ The Holy State. THE THIRD BOOK. | Containing Generall Rules. SET, Gp es ees \ G QO HeAUB 1: Of Hofpitality. <@ Ofpitality is threefold: for ones familie . | } this is of Necefsity : for {trangers ; this | 4 1s Couttefie: for the poore; this is Cha- | rity.. Of the two latter. | XY) Lo keep a diforderly houfe ts the way to keep | | aH either houfe nor lands. For whileft they | keep the greateft roaring, their ftate fteals away in the | : > = > ‘ oe oO ESSN 4 J - a r v zy | if AWN - ar: a A ©y 4 x s ~\ . ~ 3 ( A yl wn ~~ SS Abe a a aN \ \ ( ‘ \ 4 he wv Maxime. | ‘greateft filence. Yet when many confume themfelves with fecret vices, then Hofpitality bears the blame : whereas it is not the Meat but the Sauce, not the Sup- ‘per but the Gaming after it, doth undoe them. MeaJwre not thy entertainment of a guest by bis estate, but thine own. Becaufe he is a Lord, forget not that thou art | but a Gentleman : otherwife if with feafting him thou | breakeft thy felf, he will not cure thy rupture, and | (perchance ) rather deride then pitie thee. | | When provifion ( as we fay ) groweth on the fame, it is mira- - | ic uloufly multiplied. In N orthamptonfhire all the rivers of the County are bred in it, befides thofe (Oufe and Charwell ) ic lendeth and fendeth into other fhires : | is So the good Houfekeeper hath a fountain of wheat in Ais feld,mutton in his fold, &c. both to ferve himfelf, | X aad | a aa — ' 154. Edward ‘the fixth was as truly charitable in granting peng to The Holy State. Book [. | and{upply others. The expence of a feaft will bie | ‘breath him, which will tire another of the fame eftate who buyes all by the penny. | Mean mens palates are be/t pleafed with fare rather plentifull then various, folid then dainty. Dainties will coft more,and | content lefle, to thofe that are not Criticall enough to | diftinguifh them. : Occafionall enter tamment of men greater then thy elf us better then folemn inviting them. Then fhort warning is thy large excufe: whereas otherwife, if thou doft not overdo thy eftate, thou fhalt underdo his expectation, for thy feaft will be but his ordinary fare. A King of France | was often pleafed in his hunting wilfully to lofe him- felf, to find the houfe of a private Park-keeper ; where | going from the School of State-affairs, he was pleafed | to make a play-day to himfelf. He brought fauce | (Hunger ) with him, which made courle meat pili’ ties to his palate. At laft the Park-keeper took heart, | and folemnely -invited the King to his houfe, who came with all his Court,fo that all the mans meat was not a morfell forthem : Well ( {aid the Park-keeper ) J will invite no more Kings ; having learnt the difference be- tween Princes when they pleafe to put on the vifard of privacie, and when they will appear like themfelves, both in their Perfon and Attendants. - Thofe are ripe for charitie which are Withered by age or tm- potencie. Efpecially if maimed in following their cal- | ling . for fuch are [nduftries Martyrs, at leaft her Con- | feffours. Adde to thefe thofe that with diligence fight againft poverty, though neither conquer till death make it a drawn battel. Expeét not, but prevent their craving of thee., forGod forbid the heavens fhould never rain till the earth firft opens her mouth, fe- ing fome grounds will fooner burn then chap. The Houfe of correction ts the fitte/t FAofpital for thofe Cripples, whofe legs are lame through their own lazineffe. Surely King S | | Bridewell a re dh ee 'B Beiderwuall Git) the ¢ punithment of turd? Rogues, a as in giving S. Thomas Holpita all for the relief of sie ie | | have done with the { fubject, onely I defire rich men | | to-z awaken Hoff pitality, nothing , ple eale thee to wath thy hands in,but the Font? | * Mexaeav orto drink healths in, but the Church Chalice ? And |; snag / know the whole art is "Jearnt at the firft admifsion, and ‘prof une Jefts will come without calling. If in the oan | ‘blefome dayes of | King Edward the fowtha'Cinzen ‘in Cheap-fide was executed asa traicour, for faying he | would make his fonne heir to the * Crown, though he | * Speed in za. -onely meant his own houfe, having a C rown for the | #4 ~ figne . more dangerous it is to wit-wanton it with the Majettie of God. W herefore if without thine intention, and again{t thy will, by chancemedly thou hitceft | Scripture in ofr dinary difcourle, yet fly to the city | of refuge, and pray to God to forgive thee. Want on Fests make fools laugh , and wile men frown. oy Seeing EE ee eee ara 7 eRe ae = — | ' Chap. 2 ex: — Generall Rules. a> 155 | | Armlefle mirth is the beft cordial! againft the | Maxime}, | | | | | 3 i | See t RAS ew ree. = er ee eS ES + } q | ee LA | A | * Tho.Wal. fingam in €0- dem ani, ae eee $i saninpengumamsetin NT A LE LILI LSE ET —-— The Holy State. Book {II. | Seeing we are Givilized Englifh men, let us not be na- | |ked Salvages in our talk.Such rotten {peeches are wort | in withered age, when men runne after that finne | in their words which flieth from them in the] deed. | Let not thy Fests like mummie be made of dead mens flefh. | | Abufe not any that are departed . for to wrong their | memories ‘is to robbe their. ghofts of their winding- | {heets. | | Scoff not at the naturall defeéts of any which are not in their | | power to amend. Oh tis crueltie to beat. a cripple with his | own crutches. Neither Hout any for his profelsion if honelt though poore and painfull. Mock not a Cobler | for his black thumbes. | Fle that.relates another mans wicked Fest with delight, adopts it to be his own. Purgethem therefore from their oylon. If the prophaneneffe may be fever’d from the wit, itis like a Lamprey, take out the ftring in the back, it may make good meat : But if the ftaple conceit confifts in prophanenefle, then it is a viper, all poyfon, |and meddle not with it. | Re that will loje his friend for a Fest deferves to die a beg ger (by the bargain. Yet fome think their conceits , like |muf{tard, not good exceptthey bite. We reade that all rier who wereborn in England the yeare after the beginning -of the great mortality * 13.49. wanted their foure Cheek-teeth. Such let thy Jefts be, that they may not grind the credit of thy friend, and make not Jefts| ‘fo long till thou becomeft one. | | No tine to break Felis when the heart-strings are about to be | broken. No more {hewing of wit when the head is to ‘be cut off. Like that dying man, who, when the Prieft | conging * ate to give him extreme unction, asked of him where his feet were, aniwered, at the end of my legs. But at fuch atime Jefts are an unmannerly crepitus gent And let thofe take heed who end here with De- | Mocritus that they begin not with Heraclitus hereafter. | _ Cuap. 3. a nat ee re eer core ee ee ee ee ae wes we ees a ee ee ee Ee ) Chap. 3. oe en a a General ‘Ruies. Cnap. 2. | Of Self-prayfing. | E whofe own Worth doth peak need not peak his own | worth. Such boafting founds proceed from em- | ptinefle of defert : whereas the Conquerours in the O- 'lympian games did not put on the Laurells on their /own heads, but waited till {ome other did it Onely | Anchorets that want company may crown themf{eélves | with their own commendations. | Jt fheweth more wit but no leffe vanity to commend ones felf Zz * a. 3 ; ~y: ~ + : ~/ | a trait line but by refiection. Sortie fail to the post of | their own praife by a fide-wind: as when they dif- }praife chemielves , {tripping themfelves nakéd of what is theirs due, that the modefty of the beholders may cloth them with it again , or when they flatter another to his face. tosting the ball to hitn that he may throw it back again to them ; ot when they com- mend that quality, wherein them({elves excell. in an- other man (though abfent) whom all know farre their inferiour in that faculty or laftly (to omit o- ther ambufhes men. fet to lurprile praife ) when they fend the children of their own brain to be nurfed by another man, and commend their own works in 4 }third perlon, but. if chalenged by the company that | they were Authours of them themielves, with their tongues they faintly deny it, and with theit faces {tron gly affirm it. | Self-praifing comes moft naturally from aman when it comes | mol violently from him in hw own defence. For though mo- | defty binds a mans tongue to the peace inthis point, ve being aflaulted in his ctedit he may ftand | upon his guard, and then he doth not fo much praile | as purge himfelf. One braved a Gentleman to his face ithat in skill and valour he came. farre behind him, ae true ( faidthe other ) for when I fought With you, you xX 3 Van Se ET SS RR SE St + ersten - ane | | W108 | en | ; i i oe ee 8 — ee 38 Tie Hoy Sear. Book eo a i eS ee ee ee ae ee —— -_—— — ee ED ran away before me.1n Such a cafe, it was well return d, | , and without any juft afperfion of pride. Fle that falls into fin is aman, that grieves at it, 1 a faint ; that boasteth of it,is a devil. Yet fome glory in their fhame, counting the ftains of fin the beft complexion | for their fouls. Ehefe men make me believe it may be | lerue what Mandevil writes of the Isle of Somabarre, | ‘in the Eaft Indies, that all the Nobility thereof brand | cheir faces with a hot iron in token of honour. 5 | He. that boasts of finnes never committed is a double devil. | Many brag how many gardens of virginity they have 'defloured , who never came near the walls thereof, | ‘lying on thofe with whom they did never lie, and with flanderous tongues committing rapes on chafte womens reputations. Others ( who would fooner creep into a {cabbard then draw a {word ) boaft of their robberies, to ulurp the efteem of valour : Where- as Airft let them be well whipt for their lying, and as they like that, let them come afterward and entitle themfelves to the gallows. | CHAP. Ae Of Travelling. lh isa good accomplifhment toa man, if firft the | | ftock be well grown whereon Travell is crafted, and thefe rules obferved Before,In, and After his going abroad. Maximer.| ‘Travel not too early before thy judgement be rifen ; left thou oblerveft rather fhews then fubftance, marking alone Pageants, Pictures, beautifull Buildings, &c. >» | Get the Language (in part) Without which key thou {halt un- | ‘lock little of moment. It isa great advantage to be ones ‘own interpreter. Object not that the French tongue Testi in England muft be unlearnt again in France ; |for it is eafier to adde then begin, and to pronounce | | | ithen to {peak. cesarean, LLL CN % Be Be well fettled in thine own Religion, left, travelling out of 3 ii Chap. 4. — Generall Rules. 159 | +5 England into Spain, thou goest out of Gods ble/Sing into thewarm | Sunne. = hey that go over maids for their Religion, will | be ravifh’d at the fight of the firft Popifh Church they enter into. Butif firft thou be well grounded, their fooleries fhall rivet thy faith the fafter, and Travell fhall give thee Confirmation in that Bapuime thou didft receive at home. | Know mot of the rooms of thy native countrey before thou ¢o- 4 | eft over the threfhold thereof. Efpecially teeing England | prefents thee with fo many obfervables. But late Wri- jters lack nothing but age, and home-wonders but | ss | diftance to make them admired. “Tis a tale what * Jo- Pres lephus writes of the two pillars fet up by the fonnes of : Seth in Syria, the one of brick, fire-proof. the other of| ftone, water-free, thereon engraving many heavenly matters to perpetuate learning in defiance of time. But itis truly moralized in our Univerfities, Cambridge ( of Brick ) and Oxford ( of Stone ) wherein Learnin and Religion are preferved, and where the worft Col- ledge is more fight-worthy: then the beft Dutch Gym- nafium: Firlt view thefe, and the reft home-rarities . not like thofe Englifh, that can give a better account | of Fountain-bleau then Hampton-Court, of the Spaw | then Bath, of Anas in Spain then Mole in Surrey. Travell not beyond the Alps. M'.* Aicham did thank | ,, , SUia God that he was but nine dayes in Italie, wherein he | 0% sebow- {aw in one citie ( Venice ) more liberty to finne, then sce in London he ever heard of in nine years. That fome of our Gentry have gone thither, and returned thence without infection, I more praife Gods providence then their adventure. To trayell from the {unne ts uncomfortable. Yet the nor- 6 thern parts with much ice have fome cryftall, and want not their remarkables. ib If thou wilt fee much in a little, travell the Low coun- 7 treys. Holland is all Europe in an Scmiaere , or | ee a ee 2 A I 8 The Holy State. Book ILL. for Minerva , Mars, and Mercurie, Learning, Warre, and Traffick. Be wife in choofing Objeéts, diligent in marking, carefull im remembying of them: yet hereinmen much follow their own humours. One askt a Barber, who never before had been atthe Court, what he faw there? 0h ( faid he ) the King was excellently well trmm’d! ‘Thus Merchants moft mark forrein Havens, Exchanges, and Marts, | Souldiers note Forts, Armories, and Magazines ; Scho- \lars liften after Libraries , Difpucations, and Profel- fours. Statefmen obferve Courts of juftice, Counfells, é&c. Every one is partiall in his own protelsion. Labour to diStill and unite into thy felf the fcatterd perfeétons of feverall Nations. But (as it was laid of one, who with more induftry then judgement frequented a Colledge- Library, and commonly made ule of the worft notes | he met with in any Authours, that he weeded the Library ) many weed forrein Countries, bringing home Dutch Drunkennes,Spanifh Pride, French Wan- tonneffe and Italian Atheifme. As for the good herbs, Dutch Induftry , Spanifh Loyalty , French Cour- tefie , and Italian Frugality, thefe they leave behind them. Others bring home juft nothing; and becaufe they fingled not themfelves from their Countreymen, though fome years beyond Sea, were never cut of England. Continue correfpondency with fome choyce forrein friend if | ter thy.return. As fome Profeflour or Secretary, who virtually is the whole Univerfity , or State. “Lis bur} a dull Dutch fathion , their Albus Amicorum, to make a dictionary of their friends names : But a telect- ed familiar in every Countrey is ufefull, betwixt you there may be a Letter-exchange. Be fure to return as good wares as thou receiveft, and-acquaint him with the remarkables of thy own Countrey, and he will willingly continue the trade, finding it equally gain- full. Let | : eee A — ee tt Let difcourfe rather be cafily drawn, then willingly flow from| 1X | thee. That thou mayeft not feem weak to hold, or de-| | firous to vent news, but content to gratifie thy friends. | | Be {paring in reporting improbable truths, ef pecially | | tothe vulgar, who infteed of informing their judge- | Chap. ‘a Generall Rules, “< (61 | : } ments will fulpec thy. credit. Difdain their pevith | pride who rail on their native land ( whofe werft | fault is that it bred fuch ungratefull fools ).and in all | their difcourfes preferre forrein countreys , herein | fhewing themfelves’ of kinne to the wild [rifh | in loving their Nurfes better then their Mothers. | } Cap. 5. Of Company. Ompanie ts one of the greatest pleafures of the nature of| Maxime. man. For the beams of Joy are made hotter by re- flection, when related to another; and otherwife glad- nefle ic felf muft grieve for want of one to expreile it- felf to. It ts unnatural for a man to court and hug folitarineffe. It is oblerved, that the fartheft Hands in the world are {o | feated that there is none fo remote but that from fome {hore of itanother Iland or Continent may be difcern-| ed: As if hereby Nature invited countreys to a mu- tuall commerce one with another. W hy then. fhould any man affeétto environ himfelf with {5 deep and great refervednefle, as not to communicate with the | {ocietie of others ? And though we pity thofe who! made folitarinefle their refuge in time of perfecution, | we muft condemne fuch as chufe it in the Churches | profperity. For well may we count him not well in| his wits, who will live alwayes. under a bufh | becaufe others in a ftorm fhelter themfelves under it. | Yet a defert is better then a debauch'd companion. For the; 3 wildnefle ofthe place is but uncheerfull, whileft the| : Y wildnefle | RI tt tet at a seen tC te enetaras | | pen toe TA SR a a oe o Nee eee } | ; SS Ee te aE OL LC CL LI ee ee 162 Lhe Holy State. Book a wi vildnefle of Avec: per! ons is allo inte eCtious. Better ‘therefore ride alone then havea thiets company. And | fuchis a wicked man, who will rob thee of pretious | time, if he doth no more mifchief. The Nazarites who | might drink no wine were alfo forbidden ( Numb. 6. | 3. 6 eat grapes, whereof wine. is made. We mult | ‘not onely avoid finne it felf, but alfothe caufes and | | occafions the sreof: amot git whic th bad aa see (the | \limecwigs of the devil ) is the chiefeft, elpecially, to | catch sbate natures which like the sood- fellor w planet | Mercury: are molt {wayed by others. 4 | If thou beeft caft into bad company, like Hercules, thou must fleep with thy club in thine hand, and ftand on thy guard. | | mean if again{t chy will the tempelt of an unexpected Foccafion drives thee amongft fuch rocks , then be thou * canbd. Brit, | like the river * Dee in Merionethfhire iin ‘Wales which in Mer ioneth. bi 404 running throus gh Pimb le meere remains entire, and | mingles not her ftreames with the waters of the lake. Though with them, be not of them ; keep civil com- | munion with them, but feparate fom their 4innes. | And if againft thy will thou fall ft amongft wicked men, know to thy comfort thou art ftillin thy calling, ‘and therefore in Gods keeping, who on thy sprayers will prelerve thee. s | «Lhe company he keeps ts the comment, by help whereof men | expound the most clofe and mysticall man anderftanding him for one of the fame religion, life,and manners with his | -aflociates. And though perchance he be motfuch an | Lone, “tis juft he fhould be counted fo for converting with them. Auguftus Cefar came thus to difcern his e) | ‘two daughters inclinations : for being once ata pub- * F Wi | pes a lick Shew,where much people was prefent, he * obfer- ved that the grave Senatours talked with Livia, but \loofe Youngfters and riotous perfons with Julia. 9 baad that eats cherries with Noblemen [hall have his eyes Jpirted out with the ftones. This outlandifh Proverb hath jin it an Englith truth, chat they who conttantly con-| _verle| re ee ne es 2 er vr pene “is a ee eee : Chap. 5, | Generall Rules, “ -___—_— a eet — Bh |Verle with meni farre above their eftates {hall reap | {hame and loffe thereby : If thou payeit nothing , they | will count thee a fucker, no branch ; 4 Wen, no mem- | | ber of their companie : If in payments thou keepett | pace with them, their long ftrides will foon tire thy | {hore legs. ‘The Bevers in New England, when fome | ‘ten of them together draw a ftick to the building of| | their lodging, fet the * weakeft Bevers-to the] ; eS ap Sy *u 00d in bis (¥ aye | n [inter | def (iptian of end of the log, and the ftrongeft take the heaviett. part | New England. 'thereof : whereas men: often lay the greateft burthen on the weakeft back;and great perfons, to teach mean. | “0. * ‘er mento learn their diftance, take pleafure to. make | | | Slee : | ‘them pay for their companie. | except fuch men who | | having {ome excellent qualitie are gratis very welcome | to their betters ; fuch.a one,though he payes not a pen- ny of thefhot, {pends enough in lending them his time and difcourfe. |. Lo affect alwayes to be the bes of the companie argues a bafe ‘difpofition. Gold alwayes worn in the {fame purfe with | filver lofes both of the colour and weight. and foto | converte alwayes with inferiours degrades a man of | his worth. Such there. are that love to be the Lords of the companie, whileft the reft muft be their Tenants - as it bound by their leafe to approve, praife, and ad- ‘mire, whatfoever they fay. . Thefe knowing the low- nefle of their parts loveto live with dwarfs, that they ‘mayfeem proper men. To come amoneft their -equalls, they count it an abbridgement of their free- | dome, but to be with their betters, they deem it flat fla- very. | li 1s excellent for one to have a Library of Scholars, efpecially| 8 if they be plain to be read. | mean of a communicative naz ture, whole difcourfes areas fiullas fluent, and their judgements as right as their tongues ready : fuch mens | talk {hall be thy Lectures. To conclude, Good Com: | pany Is not onely profitable whileft aman lives, but | fometimes when heis dead. For he that was buried ¥3 with v ————— = VIE + ee re LT es ates sisasitmastesdhie pe se ——— ES Ee ee 7 ee ee a epee eee a. = ae — r ee ee SI a Ec with the bones of * Elifha, by a Pofthumous miracle | of that Prophet, recovered. his life by lodging with fuch a grave-fellow. Cap. 6. | * 2. Kings. 13, | 21s Of cApparell. ‘e Lothes are for Necefsity,warm cloths for Health , cleanly for Decency , lafting for Thrift ; and rich for Magnificence. Now ‘there may bea fault in their Number, iftoo various ; Making, if too vain; Matter, if too coftly ;and Mind of the wearer,if he takes pride therein. We come therefore to fome gene- | rall direétions. "a It’s a chargeable vanity to be conftantly clothed above ones | pure, or place. I fay Conftantly ; for perchance fome- times it may be difpenfed with.A Great man, who him- felf was very plain in apparel, checke a Gentleman for being over fine : who modeftly anfwered, Your Lord/hip | hath better clothes at home, and Ihave worfe. But fure no _|plea can be’ made when this Luxury is grown to be in’ Fae Aas | ordinary. It was an arrogant at of *Hubert Archbi- ae {hop of Canterbury, who, when King John had given | his Courtiers rich Liveries, to Ape the Lion, gave his fervants the like, wherewith the King was nota litele | offended. But what fhall we fay to the riot of our age, | wherein (as Peacocks are more gay then the Eagle himfelf ) {ubjeéts are grown braver then their Sove- reigne é | "Tis beneath a wife man alwayes to wear clothes beneath men of his rank. True, there isa ftate fometimes in decent plainnefle. When a wealthy Lord at a great Solemnity | had the plaineft apparell, 0 ( faid one) if you had markt it well bis fute had the richest pockets. Yet it argues no wil- dome, in clothes alwayes to {toop beneath his conditi- on. When Antifthenes faw Socrates in a torn coat, he fhewed a hole thereof to the people , And le _(quoth Maxime 1 etal al iL LE Chap. General Raa : '( quoth he ) through this I fee Socrates his wide 4 | Fle fhews a light gravity who loves to beay exception from 3 | 4 general fafhion. For ‘the received cuftome ‘in the place where we live is the moft cofnipetent judge of deven- icy; from which we muft not appeal to our own opi- -nion. When the French Coiirtiers mourning for their King * Henrie the fecond bad worn cloth a whole | yeare, all filks became {0 vile in every mans eyes, that | if any was feen to wear them he was prelently acconnt- ed a Mechanick or Countrey-fellow. It’s afolly for one Proteusslike never to appear twice in one shape. Had fome of our Gallants been with the * If- raclites inthe wildetnefle, when for fourty years their clothes waxednot old, they would:have been vexed, though their clothes were whole, to have béen fo long in one fafhion. Yet here I nunft confeffe, I underftand not what is reported of Fulgencius, that he ufed the fame garment Winter and Suminer, and never alter’d his * clothes, etiam in Sacris peragendis, Fe that is proud of the ruffling of his filks, like a mad man, laughs at the vatlng of his fetters. For indeed, Clothés ought to be our remembrancers of our lof innocenicy. Befides, why fhould any brag of what's but berrow- ed ? Should the Eftrige {natch off the Gallants feather, the Beaver his hat, the Goat his gloves, the Sheep his fute, the Silk-worm his ftockings , arid Neat his fhoes ( to ftrip him fo fatther then modefty will give leave ) he would be left in 4 cold condition. And yet tis more. pardonableto be proud, even of clearil rags, then ( as many are) of affected. flovennefie. The one is proud ofa molehill, the other of a dung- hill. To conclude, Sumptuary laws in this land to te- duce apparell toa fet ftandard of price, and fafhion, according to the feverall ftates of mén, have long been wilh’d, but are little to be hoped for. Some think pri- vate mens fuperfluity isa neceffary evill ina State, Y the - NN ae ee * Mont.t. book, chap.4. 4. * Dettervono. 29. §« * Uincentilss Spec. Lib. 20, Cap. 105. AS pasty a Oa ———— al ~~ | the floting of fafhions affording a {tanding maintenance ‘tomany thoufands which otherwife would be at a loffe for a livelihood, men maintaining more by their | pride then by their charitie- Cuar. 7. Of Building. | E that alters an old houle is tied asa trantlatour | to the originall, and is confin'd tothe phancie of the firft builder. Such a man were unwile to pluck down good old building,to erect (perchance ) worle | new.But thofe that raifea new houfe from the ground | are blame-worthy ifthey make it not handfome,feeing «o them Method and Confufion are both at arate. In building we mutt re{pect Situation , Contrivance; | Receipt, Strength, and Beauty. Of Situation. Maximet.| — Chiefly choofea wholefome: aires For aire is a difh one feeds on every minute, and therefore it need be good. Wherefore great men (who may build where. they pleafe, as poore men where they can ) ifherein they preferre their profit above their health, Ireferre them ‘to their Phyficians to make them pay for it accord- | ingly. 2 Wood and water are two ftaple commodities Where they may he had. The former I confeffe hath made fo much iron, that it muft now be bought with the more filver, and | grows daily dearer. But’tis as well pleafanc as profit. | able to. fee a houle cafed with trees, like that of An- = chifesin Troy. age. 2 es | aa=----=-- * quanquam fecreta parents | Anchife domus ayboribufq ; obtecta rece/sit. The worft is, where a place is bald of wood, noart jean make ita periwig. As for water, begin with Pin- *camb.Brit. | does beginning, dpqv py Yop. Lhe fort of * Gog- ia Cambiidge- | 5 Sy &Plge P 2 fire. | Magog Hills nigh Cambridge — is counted. impreg- ‘nable but for want of water, the mifchief of ma- | —— Ny nee TC ES Se oe r ~) ({uch as of water and land at Greenwich ) beft enter- | | tains the eyes, retrelhing the wearied beholder with | ‘exchange of objeéts. YetI know a more profitable | | prolpect, where the owner can onely fee his own land : | round about. | ers air entrance with an eafte afcent gives a great grace toa | building : where the Hall is a preferment out of the | Court,the Parlour out of the Hall ; not (as in fome old | buildings ) where the doores are fo low Pygmies mutt | ftoop, and therooms fo high that Giants may f{tand | upright. But now we are come to Contrivance. Let not thy common rooms be feveyall, nor thy feverall rooms be common. he Hall (which is a Pandocheum ) ought to lie open,and fo ought Paflages and Stairs ( provided that the whole houfe be not fj pent in paths ) Chambers and Clofets are to be private and retired. Light ( Gods eldeft daughter ) is a principall beauty in a buldmg : yet it fhines not alike from all parts of Hea- ven. An Eaft-window welcomes the infant. beams of the Sun, before they are of ftrength to do any harm, and is oftenfive to.none but a fluggard. A South-win- dow in f{ummer is a chimny with a fire in’t.and needs | the {chreen of acurtain.In a Weft-window in fummer | time towards night, the Sun etows low and over fa- i'miliar with more light then delight. A. North-win- | dow is beft for Butteties and Cellars, where the beere | will be fower for the Suns {miling on it. Thorow- | lights are beft for rooms of entertainment, and win- | dows on one fide for dormitories. As for Receipt, A houfe bad better be too little for. a day then too great for a Jeare. And it’s eafier borrowing of thy neighbour a brace of chambers’ for a night, then a bag of Money | for a twelvemonth. It is vain therefore to proportion ithe receipt to an extraordinary occafion, 4s thole who | by — — a eT me - tee | | | —————— or eeemer | Chap. 7. Generall Rules. ' ny houfes where fervants mutt bring the well on the; ' fhoulders. Next a pleafant profpe€t- 1s to be ve[pected. A medly view | te Wo -» ee _ - a ee SE a NNR eer meee ee = ‘ es a ae a eee = eee me ron a rt en ee ee rr 5 TE ith State. Book Ml. ee | by overbuilding their houfes have dilapidated their lands, and their ftates have been prefl’d to death un-| der the weight of theit houfe. As for Strength, Countrey-houfes muft be Substantives, able to ftand of them- feves. Not like City-buildings fupported by their neigh- | ‘bours on either fide. By Strength we mean fuch as may relift Weather and Time, not Invafion, Caftles being out of date in this peaceable age. As for the ma- /king of motes round about, it is queftionable whe-| ther the fogs be not more unhealthfull, then the fifh | brings profit,/or the water defence. Beauty remains! behind as the laftto be regarded, becaufe houfes are) | made to.be lived in not lookt on. | | Let not the Front look afquint ona Jiranger, but accoft him right at his entrance. Uniformity allo much pleafeth the | eye and ‘tis obferved that free-{tone, like a fair com- plexion, fooneft waxeth old, whilelt brick keeps her beauty longelt. Let the of fice-boufes obferve the due distance from the man- fion-houfe. "Thofe are too familiar which prefume to be | of the fame pile with it. The fame may be {aid of | ftables and barns , without which a houfe is likea city without outworks, it can never hold out long. Gardens alfo ave to attend in their place. When Gode( Ge- nefis 2. 9) planted a garden Eaftward, he made to) srow out of the ground every tree plealant to the fight, and good for food. Sure he knew better what | was proper to a garden then thofe, who nowadayes | therein only feed the eyes, and ftarve both taft and {mell. To conclude,in Building rather believe any man then | jan Artificer in his own art for matter of charges, not that they cannot but will not be faithfull. Should they: \tell thee all the coft at the firft, ic would blafta young Builder in the budding, and therefore they footh thee up all ichath coft thee fomething to confute them. The {pirit of Building firft poflefled people after the | floud, | — re ate i ee ee | ~ Chap. 8. Generall Rules. | floud , which then caufed the confufion of langua- ges, and fince of the eftate of many a man. | Cuap. 8, | Of eAnger. | AN is one of the finews of the foul . he that wants it hath a maimed mind, and with Jacob finew-fhrunk in the hollow of his thigh muft needs halt. Nor is it good to converfe with {uch as cannot beangry, and with the Cafpian fea never ebbe nor flow. This Anger is either Heavenly, when one is of- fended for God : or Hellifh, when offended with God and Goodnes: or Earthly, in temporall matters. Which ' Earthly Anger (whereof we treat) may alfo be Hellifh, if for no caufe,no great caule, too hot,or too long. | Be not angry with any without a caufe. If thou beeft,thou | Maxime, /muftnot onely, as the Proverb faith, be appeaf’d with- out amends ( having neither coft nor damage given thee) but, as-our Saviour * faith, be in danger of the | «asateb s,s | judgement. Be not mortally angry With any for a veniall fault. He will makea ftrange combuftion in the ftate of his foul, Who at the landing of every cockboat {ets the beacons on fire. Tobe angry for every toy debafes the worth of thy anger ; for he who will be angry for any thing, will be angry for nothing, Let not thy anger be fo hot, but that the most torrid Zone thereof may be habitable. Fright not people from thy pre- fence with the terrour of thy intolerable impatience. Some men like a tiled houfe are long before they take fire, but once on flame there is no coming near to quench them. Take heed of doing irrevocable aéts in thy pafsion. As the revealing of fecrets, which makes thee a bankrupt for fociety ever after : neither do fuch things which done once are done for ever, fo that no bemoaning can | Ls amend Sees sessment snes —_—_———_—— 5 terpreter oxt of Stows Annals. 6 — EEE | | | ey ' ee eee The Holy State. Book Ill. | —_—_— amend them. Sampfons hair grew again, but not his| eyes : Time may reftore fome loffes,others are never to | be repaird. Wherefore,in thy rage make no Perlian de- | cree which cannot be reverf'd or repeald ; but rather | Polonian laws which (they fay ) laft but three dayes: Do not in an inftant what an age cannot recompence. | Anger kept till the next morning, With * Manna, doth putrifie | * Exod.1624 | ond corrupt. Save that Manna corrupted not at all, and * Fpbe4.26- | anger moft of all, kept the next Sabbath. S. Paul * faith, Let not the Sunne go down on your Wrath ;to carry news to the Antipodes in another world of thy revengefull na- ture. Yet let us take the Apoftles meaning, rather then his words, with all pofsible {peed to depole our pafsi- on, notunderftanding him fo literally that we may take leave to be angry till Sunfet:then might our | wrath lengthen with the dayes.and men in Greenland, where day lafts above a quarter of a yeare, have plenti- full {cope of revenge. Andas the Englifh ( by com- mand from William the Conquerer ) alwayes raked * cowels n-, | wp theit fire,and put out their candles,when the * Cur- few-bell was rung ; let us then alfo quench all fj parks | of anger and heat of palsion. | He that keeps anger long in bus bofome giveth place to the* de- *Epbef:427.| yil, And why fhould we make room for him, who will crowd in too faft of himfelf ? Heat of pafsion makes our fouls to chappe, and the devil creeps in at the cranies,yea a furious man in his fits may feem pof- fef'd with a devil, fomes, fumes, tears himfelf, is deat, and dumbe in effect, to heare or {peak reafon : fome- times wallows, ftares, ftamps, with fiery eyes and fla- ming cheeks. Had Narciffus himfelf feen his own face when he had been angry, he could never have fallen in love with himfelf. —_—_——— | Chaps 9: General Rl Car. 9. Of Expecting Prefernent. | : Here are as many feverall tenures of Expe ation | as of Poflefsion, fome nearer,fome more remote, | fome grounded on ftrong, others on weaker reafons. | (As fora groundlefle Expectation it 8 a wilfull felf-de- | | lufion.) We cometo inftructions how men fhould manage their hopes herein. Hope: not for. impofSibilities. For thovgh the object of | Maximet. hope be Futurwmn pofSibile, yet {ome are{o mad as to feed their Expeétation on things,though rot in themfelves, yet tothem impofsible, it we conficer the weaknelle ofthe means whereby they feek to attain them. He needs to ftand on tiptoes that hopes totouchthe moon, and thofe who expect what in reafon they cannot ex- pect, may expect. Carefully furvey what proportion the mears thou hast bear to | the end thou expectest. Count not a Courtiers promife of courfe a {pecialty that hes bound -:o preterre thee : Seeing Complements oftentimes diein the fj peaking, why fhould thy hopes (grounded on them ) live long- er then the hearing ? perchance the text of his promife intended but common courtefies, wiich thy appre- | henfion expounds {peedy and {peciall favours. Others | make up the weaknefle of their means with conceit of | the ftrength of their deferts,toolifhly thinking that their own merits will be the undoubted — Patrons to prefent| them to all void Benefices. | The heir apparent to the next preferment nay be difinherited | by an unexpected accident. A Gentleman, fervant to the} Lord Admirall Howard, was fuiter t»a Lady above | his deferts, grounding the confidenceof his fuccefle on his relation to fo honourable a Lord ; which Lord gave the Anchor as badge of his offic:, and therefore, this {uiter wrote in a window, z= % If on ee Set 172 The Holy State: Book All. | EE IS EL MLL LAL OIE OLN sm ALO: TET AS OE I RR | | The anchor is my hold. | | _ But his corrivall tc the fame Multris coming into the | {fame room wrote under, | | Yet fear the worst: | | What if the Cable burst ? | Thus ufelefle is the Anchor of hope ( good for no- \thing but to deceive thofethat relie om it ) if the cable ‘or {mall cords of means:and caufes whereon it de- | pends fail and mifcrry. Daily experience tenders too |many examples. A Gentleman who gaye a Bafilisk for ‘his Arms or Creft promifed to make a young kinfman ‘of his his heir, which kinfman to, ingratiate him- {elf painted a Bafilisk in his ftudy, and beneath it thefe verles, | Falleris as|pectu Bafilifcum occidere, Plini, Nam vite nost-2 fpem Bafilifcus, alist. The Bafilisk’s the onely itay, My lite preferving ftill , | Pliny, thou li'dt when thou didft {ay | The Bafilisk doth kill. | But this rich Gentleman dying fruftrated his expecta- |tion,and bequeathed all his eftate to another, whereup- /on the Epigram was thus altered, Certe aluit, Jed |r vana, [pes vana venenum : Ignofcas, P lini, verus es: Fiistoricus. | Indeed vain hopes to me he gave, | Whence I my poifon drew: | Pliny, thy parcon now I crave, | Thy writings are too true. | ‘Proportion thy expences to what thou hast in poffefsion, not to | thy expectancies. Otherwile he that feeds on wind muft ‘needs be griped wih the Collick at laft. And ifthe | Ceremonial] law forbad the Jews to feeth a kid in the ‘mothers milk, the .aw of good. husbandry forbids us ‘to eata kid in the mothers belly, {pending our preg- | nant hopes before tiey be delivered, Imbrue A et ge et, > ea eng RTE ett ee ent eoree- ~_ ee se SE tenn I actin _ | Chap». Generall Rules, | Imbrue not thy foul in bloudy wifhes of by death who parts 5 thee and thy preferment. A -murther the more common, | -becaufe one cannot be arraigned for it on earth. By |thofe are charitable murtherers which with them in| heaven, not fo much that they may have eale at their | Journeys end but becaufe they muft needs take death in | the way. | xelying on Gods providence without murmuring, who often pro- | vides for men above what we cain think of detire. | When Robert * Holgate could not peaceably enjoy his | {mall livingin Lincolnefhire, becaufe of the litigiouf- | nefle of a neighbouring Knight, coming to Londonto | right himfelf he came into the favour of King Henrie et ter arene ees a 173 | ay < CY ] } j | * Godwinin bis Cataj.of | Archbifhops of Tork. | the eighth, and got by degrees the Archbifhoprick of | ¥ork. Thus God fometimes defeats our hopes, or | difturbs our poflefsion of lefler favours, thereby to be- {tow on his fervants better blefsings, if not here, here- after. Z 3 ee Book IIf. | Te The Hal Ste | CABO Of Memory. | | | | TT is the treafure-houfe of the mind, wherein the | | | {| monuments thereof are kept and preferved. Plato | vo as | makes it the mother of the Mules. * Ariftotle fets it one degree further, making Experience the mother of Arts, Memory the parent of Experience. Philofophers place ' it in the rere of the head ; and it feems the mine of Me- mory lies there, becaufe there naturally men dig for it, | fcratching it when they areata loffe. This again 1s twofold : one,the {imple retention of things ,the other, | a regaining them when forgotten. | Maxime 1| — Brute creatures equall, if not exceed, men in a bare retentive : Memory. Through how. many labyrinths of woods, without other clue of threed then naturall initinct, | doth the hunted hare return to her. muce ¢ How doth | the little bee,flying into feverall meadows and gardens, fipping of many cups, yet never intoxicated, through an, ocean ( as | may fay ) of air, fteddily iteer her felf home, without help of card or compafle. But thefe cannot play an aftergame, and recover what they have forgotten. , which is done by the mediation of dif- i | courte. | 2 Artificiall memory ts rather a trick then an art, and more for the gain of the teacher then profit of the learners. Like tl | | se gain of the teacher then profit of the learners. Like one | tofsing of a pike, which is no part of the poftures and motions thereof, and is rather for oftentation then ule, to fhew the ftrength and nimblenefle of the arm, and | is often ufed by wandring Souldiers as an introducti- jon tobeg. Underftand it of the artificiall. rules which | latthis day are delivered by Memory-mountebanks , | for fure anart thereof may be made ( wherein as yet; the world is defective ) and thatno more deftrudtive | to naturall Memory then {pectacles are to eyes, which | | girls in Holland wear from 12 years ofage. But till | this | , < > SS ST ie Chap, Id, Cra ‘ 175 this be found out, let us obferve thefe plain rules. | Firft foundly infix in thy mind what thou defirest to remem: | ber. What wonder is it if agitation of bufineffe jog | that out of thy head, which was there rather tack’d | then faftned ? whereas thofe notions which get in b violenta poffesfio will abide there till ejectio firma, fick- nefle or extreme age, difpoffeffe them. It is beft knocking inthe nazl overnight, and clinching it the next Morning. Overburthen not thy Memory to make fo faithful. a fervant a 4 lave. Remember Atlas was weary. Have as much rea- | fon as a Camell, to-rife when thou haft thy full load: | Memory, like a purfe, if icbe over full that it jalan! fhur, all will drop out of it : Take heed of a glutton- ous curiofitie to feed on many things, left the greedi- nefle of the appetite of thy Memory {poyl the dige- {tion thereof. Beza’s cafe was peculiar and memorable, being above fourefcore years of age he perfectly could fay by heart any Greek Chapterin * S. Pauls Epiftles, “Thuan. obit. orany thing elfé which he had learnt long before, |e. 3"™” but forgot whatfoever was newly told him ; his Me- mory like an inne retaining old guefts; but having no room to entertain new. Spoyl not thy Memory with thine own jealoufie nor make it bad 5 by /upecting it. How canft thou find that true which thou wilt not truft ? S. Auguftine tells us of his friend Sim- | plicius, whd being ask’d, could tell all Virgills verfes Ragen 4 backward and forward, and yet the fame party, | //¢ 0° pape antetllud cx pe- *vowed to God, that he knew not that he could do | rimentum,Au- ; . : ; F : euit, T m.7. it till they did try him. Sure there is conceal’d ftrength libideaniana in mens Memories, which they take no notice of. ea orig. Mar|hall thy notions into a handJome method. One will car- 6 rie twice more weight truft and pack’d up in bundles, then when it lies untowardly flapping and hanging about his fhoulders. Things orderly fardled up under heads are moft portable. Adventure not all thy learning in one bottom, but divide it 7 betwixt OTT ee, 176 The Holy State. Book III. ————————— — —— ee betwixt thy Memory and thy Note-books. He that with Bias carries all his learning about him in his head will ut- | terly be beggerd and bankrupt, ifa violent dileafe, a mercileffe thief, fhould rob and ftrip him. | know fome have a Common-place againft Common-place- | books, and yet perchance will privately make ule of | what publickly they declaim againft. A Common- | place-book contains many Notions 1n garifon, whence the owner may draw outan army into the field on competent warning. ——————— ann ae | Moderate diet and good aire preferve Memory ; but what ‘*P Lato, aire is beft 1 dare not define, when {uch great ones fine? | differ. * Some faya pure and f{ubtle aire1s beft, ano- “*singulari | ther commends a thick and foggy aire. For the * P1- | valent memo- } “A | ria quo urbs | crafsiore frua- ' tur aere, Mer- | cat. Atlas in | Tufsia. 9 (ans fited inthe fennes and marifh of Arnus have ex- cellent memories,as ifthe foggy aire were a cap for their heads. ThankfulnefJe to God for it continues the Memory : where- as fome proud. people have been vifited with fuch oblivion, that they have forgotten their own names. Staupitius ‘Tutour to Luther, anda godly man, ina vain oftentation of his memory repeated Chrifts Ge- nealogie (Matth. 1.) by heart in his Sermon, but be- ing out about the Captuvity of Babylon,] /ee ( Jaith“he) God refifteth the: proud, and fo betook himlelt to his book. Abufe not thy Memory to be Sinnes Regitter, nor make advantage thereof for wickedrtelle. Excel- lently * Augultine, Quidam vero pesfimi memoria Junt mis | yabilt, gus tanto pejores Junt, quanto minus poffunt, que male cogitant, oblivifct. * Melchior Adamus in vir | ta Staupitii, | pag. 209. * De civ. Dei ib. 7eCAP- 3» | | | Cuape. 1. | | | Chap. an. ae eee General Rules. —_ C HA R. Ife | Of Phancie. T 18 an inward Senfe of the foul, fora while retain- | ; | £ ing and examining things brought in thither by the | Guihition fenfe. - the motft Lasuiacties and reftleffe | faculty of the foul : for whileft the U nderftanding and | the Will are kept as it were in Libera Cujtodia to their | objects of Verum & Bonum, the Phancie is free from all | engagements: it digs erithbat {pade,fails without thip, fftes ‘vithout wings, builds without charges , fights | without blot udfhed. in a2 moment ftriding from “the! | centre to the circumference of the world, by a kind of | omnipotencie creating and annihilating things j in an| | inftanc ; and things divorced in Nature.are married in | Phanc ie asina lawleffe place. It is allo moft reftleffe : | whileft the Senfes are bound, and Reafon in a manner | alleep, Phancie like a fannmell walks the round, ever | Ww orking, never wearied: Ihe chief difeafes of the Phancie are, either that: they are too wild and high- | foaring, of elfexad low and groveling, or elfe too le | fultory ana overvoluble.. Of the firft. a © thy Phancie be but alittle too rank, age wt jelf will correée| Maxime x To lift too high is no faule ina young horle, be- dail with travelling he will mendiut for his own wake Thus lofty Phiaticies in young men will come down of themfelves, and in procel (fe of time the overplus will {hrink.to be bis even mealure. But if this will not do | it, then obferve thefe rules, Take part alwayes with thy Fudgement acainst thy Phancie mn any thing wherem they fhall liffent. It thou lufpecteft thy conceits too luxuriant, herein account thy fufpicion a| legall conviction, and dame whatloever thoudoubt- | eft of, Warily T ullie ‘Bene monent, qui vetant quicquam fa] cere, de quo dubitas equim fit an imquum. 1 ake the advife of a faithful friend, and fubmit thy inventions | a to oe 2 3 pa a eee ee ————— SDS SP CS ears A ee Ss \ The Holy State. Book Ill. | $$ a i ilar eet to his cenfure. When thou penneft an oration, let him | have the power of Index expurgatorius, to expunge what | Ihe pleafeth ;and donot thou like a fond mother crie| ifthe child ofthy brain be corrected for playing the | wanton. Mark the arguments and reafons of his | alterations, why that phrafe leaft proper, this paflage | more cautious and advifed and after a while thou fhale erform the place in thine own perfon, and not go out of thy felf for a cenfurer. If thy Phancie be too low and humble, Let thy judgement be King but not Tyrant over it, to con- denne harmleffe yea commendable conceits. Some for fear their orations fhould giggle will not let them {mile. Give it alfo liberty to rove, for it will not be extrava- ant, There is no danger that weak folks if they walk abroad will ftraggle farre,as wanting ftrength. _ Acquaint thy felf with reading Poets for there Phancte 15 in ber throne , and in time the {parks of the Authours wit will catch hold on the Reader, and inflame him with love, liking and defire of imitation. I confefle there is more required to teach one to write then to fee acoppy: | however there is a fecret force of fafcination in reading Baie to raife and provoke Phancie. If thy Phancie be over voluble, then Whip this vagrant. home to the first object whereon it fhould be fettled. Indeed nimblenefle is the perfection of this faculty, but levity the bane of it. Great is the difference betwixt a fwift horfe, and a skittifh, that will ftand on ‘no ground. Such -is the ubiquitary Phancie, which will keep long refidence on no one {ubject, but is fo courteous to ftrangers that it ever welcomes that con- -ceit moft which comes laft; and new {pecies fupplant the old ones, before ferioully confidered. If this be the fault of thy Phancie, I fay whip it home to the firft Object, whereon it fhould be fettled. This do as often as occafion requires, and by degrees the fugitive fervant | will learn to abide by his' work without running a- =k a ee Acquaint | a Ac quaint tI ) elf by degrees With hard an | knotty feudies, 25 | | School- diviniey. which will clog thy overnu nble | | Phancie. True, at the firft it wi i li be as welcome to | | thee as a prifon, and their very folutions will feem| | knots unto thee. But take not too much at once, left thy brain turn edge. Tatte ic firft as a potion tor Phy- | fick., and. by degrees thou fhalt drink it as beer for Fic: Practice will make it Pleafant. Marthe quacicks| are allo good fot this pury vole : It beginni ng to tr Conclufion, thou muft make an end, left diel lott thy pains bias are paft, and mutt proceed ferioufly ed | | i | exactly. I meddle not with thofe Bedlam- phancies, all | whofe conceits. are. antiques, but leave them for the} Phyfi iclan to purge with hellebore. Lo clothe low- creeping matter with high-fiown language 15 not | fine Phancie, but flat foolerie. It paar loads then railed a Wren.to f: atten the feathers of an Eftridge to her wings. Sic. mens { peeches are like the high mountains in Ireland, having a durty bog in the top of them ; the very ridge of them in high ~ words having nothing g of) worth, but what rather ftalls then delights the Audi- | tour. | Fine Phanctes in manufactures utyent eneines rather pret- | | | ty then ufefull; and commonly one trade is too narrow | for them. They are better to project new wayes then | to profecute old,and are rather skilfull in many my fe ries then thriving in one. They affect not voluminous | inventions, Whereis many years muft conftantly be [pent to perfect them, except therebe in them variety | of pleala int employment. Imagination ( the work of the Phancie ) hath produc’d reall effects. } Many ferious and fad examples hereof may be eralized | I will onely infift on a merry one. A Gen- tleman having led a company of children beyond | their ufuall journey,they began to be weary,and joynt- ly cried to him to carry them; which becaule of their multitude he could not do, buttold them he would Aa 2 provide | ee Ne nr ee ern A er a a CT ttt tt ee |C hap. I: Generall Rules. 190 ne Sn ee ete ee SE er Te > eee we SV a OSS ee rn ee ea Sy ECE es sc me al tt LC CTL A a > = ee ee a ae, ome. | provide them horfes to ride on. Then cutting little | ‘wands out of the hedge as nagges for them,and a great | flake asa gelding for himfelf, chus mounted Phancie | ‘put mettall into their legs, and they came cheerfully ‘home. | Phancie runs most furioufly whe ‘ley Confcience drives i iT | DANCE YUNS MOSEL ] UFIOU{Ly When a guilty Lonjctence artves tt. ‘One that owed much money, and had many Credi- ‘tours,as he walked London-ftreets in the evening, a ‘tenterhook catch’d his cloak. At whofe fuit ? aid he, conceiving fome Bailiff had arrefted him. Thus ouilty -Contciences are afraid where no fear is, and count eve- ry creature they meet a Serjeant {ent from God to pu- nifh them. | ' | | 2 CHapP. 12. Of NCaturall Fools. | Hey have the cafes of men, and little elle of them befides {peech and laughter. And indeed it may feem ftrange that Ri/ibile being the propertie of man a- \lone, they who have leaft of man fhould have moft thereof, laughing without caufe or meafute. | Maxime 1) Generally Nature hangs out a figne of fimplicity in the face of a | Fool;and there is enough in his countenance for an Hue | |and Crie to take him on fufpicion:or elfe it is ftamped | on the figure of his body ; their heads fometimes {0| little, that there is no room for wit.fometimes fo long, ‘that there is no wit for fo much room. y | | Yet fome by thew faces may paffe currant enough till they cry | themfelves down by their fbeaking. Thus men know the bell ts crackt, when they heare it toll’d . yet fome that | have ftood out the affault of two or three gueftions and have anfwered pretty rationally, have atterwards | of their own accord betrayed and yielded themfelves to be fools. | ee The oathes and railing of Fools is oftentimes no fault of theirs but thew teachers. The Hebrew word Barac lignifies to eee ee 2 blefle, ~ 7 an rpm ieenneenennner ieee terrane ne 2 Se eee, Chap. 12. General! ‘Rules. —_—— 2 NT AR oe eS SS ee ti ee Si | Hi —$———1 | i } | | blefle, and to curfe; and ‘tis the {peakers Pieafure if | he ufe itin the worft acception. Fools of them{élves | | are equally capable to pray and to {wear ; they there- | fore have the greatelt finne who by their example or | otherwifle teach them {0 to do. | One may get Wifdome by looking on a Fool. In beholding | him, think how much thot art beholden to him that | | fuffered thee not to be like him :Onely Gods pleafure | put a difference betwixt you. And confider that 4 |Foolanda Wifeman are alike both in the {tarting- | place, their birth, and at the poft, their death . onely_ | they differ in the race of their lives. | | Lt unnaturall to laugh at a Naturall. How can the ob. 5 ject of thy pity bethe fubyect of thy paltime ?I con- fefle fometimes the ftrangenefle, and, as I may fay, | witty fimplicity of their actions may extorta {mile from a ferious man, who at the fame time may {mile | |atthem and forrow for them. But it js one thing to laugh at them m tranfitu, a nap and away, and an- | other to make a fet meal in jeering them, and as the Philiftines to fend for Samplon to make them {port. To make a trade of laughing at a Fool ww the highway to be- 6 | come one. Lullie confeffeth that whileft he laughed at} | ; , : * Epis. ub. 2. | one * Hircus a very ridiculous man, dum illum rideo pene eee | faétus fumille: And one telleth us of Gallus Vibius, a | | man firft of great eloquence, and afterwards of SFEAL) ncsiminn | madnefle, which feized not on him fo much by ac- | quod afimu- . es : sk : | labat ad vivum cident as. his own affeétation, fo long * mimically ] _ reaeg it, Rho- as faa : 5 divinus Anti ; . Imitating mad men that he became one. tbe ATK . Many have been the wile |peechesof fools. though not Jo many as 7 | : the foolifh Jpeeches of wife men. Now the wile (peeches of | thefe filly fouls proceed from one of thefe tealonis : | Either becaufe talking much, and {hooting often, they muft needs hit the mark fometimes, though not by aim, by hap: Or elfe becaufe a Fools picdiocritey is op- time ; Senile from his mouth, a Sentence. anda tole- | Aa 2 rable i ee — I et ae * ga Holy State. Book HA. ' | ee ee na | table fpeech cri’d up foran Apothegme : Or laitly, | | becaufe God may fometimes illuminate them, and | ( efpecially towards their death ) admit them to| | the poflelsion of fome part of reafon. A poore begger | in Paris being very hungry ftayed fo long ina Cooks | fhop, who was difhing up of meat, till his ftomach | was fatishled with the onely {mell thereof. ‘The cho- | ! lerick covetous Cook demanded of him to pay for | | his breakfaft. The pooreman denyed it, and the con- | troverfie was referr’d to the deciding of the next man | thatfhould pale by,which chanced to be the molt no- | torious Idiot inthe whole City.He on the relation of the | matter determined that the poore mans money {hould | be put betwixt two empty difhes, and the Cook {hould be recompenced with the singling of the oore mans money, as he was fatished with the onely | {mell of the Cooks meat. And this 1s afhrmed by |” Jo. da Ft | * credible Writers, as no fable but an undoubted fact. | por. Barba. & | arin ee More waggifh was that ofarich landed Fool, whom | heb ib. | a Courtiet had begg’d, and carried about to wait on | juris f. Boer. | him. He coming with his mafter toa Gentlemans Stent | houfe where the picture ofa Fool was wrought in a | Mantic. de F rasait ee fair fuit of arras, cutthe picture out witha penknife. | 8 met. | And being chidden for fo doing, You have more caufe ‘Ramenum. \( laid he) to thank me, for if my mafter had Jeen the picture | of the Fool, he would have begg d the hangings of the ‘King as he didmy lands. When the ftanders by com- ‘forced a Naturall which lay on his death-bed | ‘and told him that foure proper fellows fhould carry | his body to the Church : Yea(quoth he)but I had rather by | | half go thither my Jelf;and then prayed to God at his laft \galp not to require more of himthenhe gavehim. _| | As for a Changeling, which is not one child| ‘changed for another, but one child on a fudden | ‘much changed from it felf. and fora Jetter, which | fome count a necellary evil in a Court ( an office | which none but he that hath wit can perform, and none | EE Ey nee Ra — ~, - eI EOE LOLOL LLL I NT Pe ME PE EE 0 eee Yee BS I a i Ch ap. 13. Generall Rules. | | Fp agit ceive them not to belong to the prelent fubjea. | Crap. 12. Of Recreations, Ecreation isa fecond Creation, when wearinefle hath almoft annihilated ones fpirits. It is the breathing of the foul, which otherwife would be fti- Hed with continual! bufineffe. We may trefpaffe in /them, if ufing fuch as are forbidden by the Lawyer, as againft the ftatutes ; Phyfician, as againft health , Divine, as againft confcience. Be well fatisfied in. thy Con|cience of the lawfulneffe of the| Maxime x recreation thon ufest. Some fight again ft Cockfighting , and bait Bull and Bearbaiting, becaufe man is not to be a common Barretour to fet the creatures at difcord and feeing Antipathy betwixt creatures was kindled by mans finne, what pleafiire can he take‘ro fee it burn ? Others are of the contrary opinion,and that Chriftiani- ty gives us a placard to ufe thele {ports -and that mans Charter of dominion over the creatures enables him to employ them as well for pleafure as necefsity. In thefe, as in all other doubtfull recreations, be well affu- | red firft of the legality of them. He that finnes againft his Confcience finnes with a witnefle. Spill not the morning ( the quinteffence of the'day ) in're cred- tions. For fleep it felf is a recreation ; addeé not therefore fauce to {auce ;and he cannot properly have any title tobe refrefh’d, who was not firft faint. Paftime, like | Wine, is poylon in the morning. It is then good hus- | bandty to fow the head, which hath lain fallow all night, with fome ferious work. Chiefly intrench not on the Lords day to ufe unlawfull {ports ; this were to {pare thine own flock, and to fheere Gods lambe. Let thy recreations be ingenious, and bear proportion with thine age. Mf thou faift with Paul) When Tivas.a child I did “as ' ame ee rece ee mmm | and none but he that wants wit will perform ) I con. ie = a te a ee oo Se et: — ee ee a oe Pe ere eee ees 6 ne a I EI * In his life writ by Mt. Afhton. “The Holy State. Book 11. as achild, lay allo w ith him, But when I was a man I put a- | way childifh things. Wear alfo the childs coat, if thou uleft | his {ports. | | Take heed of boisterous and overviolent exercifes. Ringing | oftentimes hath made good mufick on the bells, and | put mens bodies out of tune, fo that by overheating | themfelves they have rung their own pafsing-bell. | Yet the ruder fort of people |carce count any thing a {port Which | is not loud and violent. The Mufcovite women elteem| none loving husbands except they beat their wives. | Tis no paftime with country Clowns that cracks not | pates, breaks not fhins bruifes not limbes, tumbles | ? andtofles not all the body. ‘They think themfelves | not warm in their geeres, till they are all on fire ; and | | : Sia count it but dry {port, till they {wim in their own fweat. Yet I conceive the Phyficians rule in exercifes, Ad ruborem but non ad _fudorem, is too {cant meatfure. Refrefh that part of thy Jelf which 1 most wearied. If thy life be fedentary,exercife thy body; if flirring and active, recreate thy mind. But take heed of confening thy mind, in fetting itto do a double task under pretence of giving it a play-day,as in the labyrinth of Chefle,and | other tedious and ftudious Games. Yet recreations diStastfull to-fome di[pofitions yelli[h best to others. Fifhing withan angle is to {ome rather a tor- ture then a pleafure, to ftand an houre as mute as the | fifh they mean to take : yet herewithall * Doctour | Whitaker was much delighted. When fome Noble-| menhad gotten William Cecill Lord Burleigh and | Trealurer of England to ride with thema hunting, | _& the {port began to be cold; What call you this,faidthe | Treafurer?Oh now faid they the dogs are ata fault. Yea. quoth the Treafurer, take me again in fuch a fault, and | ae give you leave to punifh me. Thus as foon may) the fame meat pleafe all palats, as the fame {port fuit | with all difpofitions. ‘Running, Leaping, and Dancing, the defcants on the plam Jong ————————————— te ete ee Chap. 12. Generall Rules. 185 | | Jong of walking, are all excellent exercifes. And yet thole are | the beft recreations which befides refrefhing enable. ar | leaft difpofe, men to fome other good ends. Bowling | teaches mens hands and eyes Mathematicks, and the | rules of Proportion : Swimming hath fav'd many a mans life, when himfelf hath been both the wares, and the fhip : Tilting and Fencing is warre without | anger ; and manly {ports are the Grammer of Military : | performance. | But above all Shooting is a noble recreation, and anhalf Li- | 9 berall ayt. A rich man tolda poore man that he walked | to geta ftomach for his meat: And I: faid the poore, ; man, walk to get meat for my Stomach. Now Shooting | | would have fitted both their turns - it provides food | when men are hungry, and helps digeftion when they are full. King Edward the fixth ( though he drew no ftrong bow) fhot very well, and when once John Dudley Duke of Northumberland commended him for hitting the mark ; You fhot better ( quoth the King ) when you {hot off my good uncle Proteétow's head. But our age fees his Succeffour exceeding him in that art, whofe eye like his judgement is clear and quick to difcover oa | oo ee ee mark, and his hands as juft in Shooting as in dealing aright. Some {ports bemg granted to be lawfull, moré propend to beill| 10 then well ufed. Such I count Stage-playes, when made | alwayes the Actours work, and often the Spectatours : recreation. * Zeuxis the curious picturer painted a boy | yas holding a difh full of grapes in his hand, déne {0 live-| cap.10.””” ly that the birds being deceived flew to peck the’ gtapes. But Zeuxis in an ingenious choller was angry : with his own workmanfhip. Had I (faid he ) made the boy as lively as the grapes the birds would have been afraid to. touch them. Thus two things are fet forth to us in Stage-| playes : fome grave fentences, prudent counfells, and | punifhment of vitious examples . and with thefe de- , | {perate oathes, lufttull talk, and riotous acts are fo per- Bb fonated Pr re a ee Cenc ereerrn ag) oe ree saat Te ‘ge a eee ee The Holy State. Book Il. | fonated to the life, that wantons are tickled with de- | light, and feedtheir palats upon them. It feems the | |goodneffe is not portrayed out with ec uall accents of | livelineffe asthe wicked things are : otherwife men | | would be deterr’d from vitious courfes with feeing the | 'wofull fucceffe which follows them. But the mains, | | wanton {peeches on {tages are the devils ordinance to | ‘beget badneffe ; but I queftion whether the pious '{peeches {poken there be Gods ordinance to increale goodnefle, as wanting both his inftitution and bene- | diction. 11 | Choak not thy foul with mmoderate pouring in the cordial of pleafures. The Creation lafted but fix dayes of the firft ‘week : Prophane they whofe Recreation latts leven | dayes every week. Rather abbridge thy felf of thy law- : ‘full liberty herein ; ic being a wary rule which S. | Zi. moral ‘ Gregory gives us,Solws m illicitis non cadst, qui fe. ali- | Paes >| quando <> a licitis caute resbrngit. And then Recreati- : ‘ons fhall both ftrengthen labour, and {weeten reff, ‘and we may expect Gods blefsing and protecti- ‘onon us in following them, as well as in doing lout work : For he that faith grace for his meat, in it prayes allo to God to blefle his fauce unto ‘him. As for thofe that will not take lawfull plea- ture, I am_afraid they will take unlawfull plealure, and by lacing themfelves too hard grow awry on one fide. } Co - ee 7 — z = _ = 7 The Holy State. | City-Cheaters having gotten the names of all countrey | 7 oO Gentlemen, make filly people believe they have long | lived in thofe places where they never were, and flou- | rifh with skill in thofe Authours they never (crioufly ftudied. | The Genius of the Authour vs commonly difcovered in the De- | dicatory epistle. Many place the pureft grain in the) Te mouth of the fack for chapmen to handle or buy : | | And from. the dedication one may probably ouefle at | the Work, faving fome rare and peculiar exceptions. | Thus when once a Gentleman admired how fo pithy, learned, and witty a dedication was match’d toa flat, | 'dull, foolifh book ; In truth, {aid another, they may be | well match’d together, for I profeffe they are nothing a kine. Proportion an houres meditation to an houres reading of a fta- | | ple Authour. This makes a man matter of his learning, | and difpirits the book into the Scholar. The King of | | } Sweden never* filed his men above fix deep in one | company, becaufe he would not have them lie in ufe-| leffe clufters in his Army, but fothatevery particular | Souldier might be drawn out into fervice. Books that | ftand thinne on the fhelves, yet fo as the owner of them | can bring forth every one of them into ule, are better, then farre greater libraries. "| Learning hath gained most by thofe books by which the Prin- | ters have lost. Arius Montanus in printing the Hebrew | Bible (commonly called the Bible of the King of | Spain ) much wafted himfelf, and was accufed in the’ Court of Rome for his good deed, and being cited thi- | ther, * Pro tantorwm laborum premio vix veniam impetrayit. Likewife Chriftopher Plantin by printing of his curi-| ous interlineary Bible in Anwerp, through the unfea- fonable * exactions of the Kings Officers, funk and al- moft ruin’d his eftate.And our worthy Englifh Knight, who fet forth the golden-mouth’d Father in a filver : print, was. loofer by it. | Whereas fooli{h Pamphlets prove most beneficial to the Prin- : LenS | | ll. = = _——— ters. When a French Printer complain’d that he was | | | | utterly undone by Printing a folid ferious book of Ra. ‘blais concerning Phyfick, Rablais to make him re- | compence made that his jelting {currilous Work | | which repair’d the Printers lof{fe with advantage. Such | | books the world {warms too much with. When one ' had fet out a witleffe Pamphlet, writing Finis at the end | thereof, another wittily wrote beneath it, Raper Nay there thou li'/, my friend | | In Writing fooli/) books there ts no end. | And furely fuch fcurrilous {candalous papers do. | more then conceivable mifchief. Firft their lufcioufnelte | puts many palats out of tafte, that they can never after }rellith any folid and wholfome Writers - lecondly, | ithey caft dirt on the faces of many innocent perlons, | which dryed on by continuance of time can never afer | be wafhed off : thirdly, the Pamphlets of this age may | pafle for Records with the next ( becaufe publickly !uncontrolled ) and. what we laugh at, our children | may believe : fourthly, grant the things true they jeer | at, yet this mufick is unlawfull in any. Chriftian | Church,to play upon the finnes and miferies of others, the fitter object of the Elegies then the Satyrs of all truly religious. But what do I fj peaking againft multiplicity of books in this age, who tre{paffe in this nature my felf 2 What was a* learned mans complement may ferve for | *ra/musin ‘efat. Ut 2. my contesfion and conclufion, Mults mei fomiles hoc morbo | feriem 4. Yare pag. 49 8 ‘ non pofsint. ee eee ee Chap.18 GenerallRuke. —*~S*«< aes bs Tomi Hieron. | laborant, ut cum Jertbere nelciant tamen a |cribendo tempe er abe | — J et I pment. Ee RE lO LL ALL LEDS ALO —_ The Holy State. Book IIT. Se | C Hap. 19. Of Time-ferving. Here be foure kinds of Time-ferving : firft, out of Chriftian difcretion, which is commendable ; fecond, out of humaneinfirmity, which is more par- ‘donable , third, and fourth, out of ignorance, ot ‘affection, both which are damnable: of them 1n or- der. Fle ts a good Time-erver that complyes his manners to the Jez verall ages of this life: pleafant in youth, without wan-| connefle ; grave in old age without frowardnefle.Froft is as proper for winter, as Howers for {pring. Gravity becomes the ancient ; and a green Chriftmas is neither | handfome nor healthfull. Fe 15 a good Time-ferver that finds out the fittest opportuntty for every action. God hath made a time for every thing un- der the funne, fave onely for that, which we do at all times, to wit Sinne. He is a good ‘Time-ferver that improves the prefent for Gods glory, and his own fatvation. Of all the extent of time, onely the inftant is that which we can call ours. | He ts a good a2 ime-ferver that 1s pliant to the times in matters of mere indifferency. Too blame are they whole minds may feem to be made of one entire bone without any joynts : they cannot bend at all, but ftand as ftiftly in things of pure indifferency, as in matters of abfolute necelsity. | Hew a good Tine-ferver that in time of per fecution neither betrayes Gods caufe, nor his own fafety. And this he may do, 1 By lying hid both in his perfon and practice: though he will do no evil he will forbear the publick doing of fome good. He hath as good cheer in his heart, though he keeps not open honfe, and will not publickly broch his Religt- on, a —— = Sse = era = tee emperor ate se CL OE LLL LL LALO LL LLL ALLA ALA ee ees a a eee re eR ee, Chap. 19. Generall Rules. on, till the palat of the times be better in tafte to, rellifh it. The * Prudent [hall keep filence in that time, | for it 15 an evil time. Though according to S. Peters | 2- a ? S ° *y Pet.2. S. command we are to give a * reafon of Our hope to e€- | at ' very one that asketh ; namely, that asketh for his in- ftruction, but not for our deftruction, efpecially if wanting lawfull Authority to examine us. * Ye fhall be brought faith Chrift ( no need. have they therefore to run ) before Princes for my Jake. 2 By fying away : if there be no abfolute necefsity of his ftaying, no fcandall given by his flight , if he wants ftrength to ftay it out till death - and laftly, if God openeth a fair way for his depar- ture:otherwile, if God: bolts the doores and win- dows. againft him, he is not to creep outat the top of the chimney, and to make his elcape by unwarrantable courfes. If all fhould Hie, Cruth would want champions for the prefent.if none fhould die, Pruth might want champions for the future. We come now to Time-fervers out of infirmity. Fleart of oke hath: fometimes warp-d alittle in the fcorching heat of perfecution.. ‘Their want of true courage herein cannot be excufed.. Yet many cenlure them for. fur- | tendring up their forts aftera long fiege, who would have yielded up their own atthe firft fummons. Oh, there is more required to make one valiant, then to call Cranmer or Jewell Coward .as if the fite in Smith- field had been no hotter, then what is painted in the Book of Martyrs. Yet afterwards they have come into their former fh alghtneffe oy shiffneffe. The troops whiolvat firft rather wheeld a- bout then ran away have comein feafonable at laft. Yea their conftant blufhing for fhame of | their former cowardlinefle hath. made their fouls ever after look more modeft and beautifull. Thus Cranmer ( who fub{cribed to Popery ) grew valiant afterwards. and 2 thruft ar tes ine tae icin in ened ee a ii a ee | | | | | | * Annos. §. U. i3. * Matth. 10. is, eaetetecneren oS tt - o— —_— Oe — mete eo _~ - — -_——-—_--- tT EP TT I . o~wSeum us “ = - oan -— ~- os eens | | 9 | * Lord Bacon | in Henry (e- venth, p. 211. having too many Retainers. But how many Retainers The Holy State. Book fl I. : chruft his right hand which fubloribed firlk into fire, fo that that hand dyed (as it were )am alefactour : pa all the reft of his 6) dy ed a martyr. | Some have ferved the times out of mere Ignorance. Gaping | for company, as others gap’d before them. Pater noster or,Our Father. I could both figh and (inile at the witty fimplicity ofa poore old’ woman who had lived in the dayes of Queen Marie, and Queen Elizabeth, and faid her prayers dayly bSthed in Latitie and Englith sand Let God, {aid the, take to tie if lt which be likes be ns : But wis are thof le who fe rye the times out of mere Affett: ation." | Doing as the times do,not becaule the times do as they | {hould do, but merely for finifter relpects,to ingratiate | eats We reade of an Earl of *’Oxtord fined by | King Henrie the feventh fifteen thotifand marks for| Io | II ete ee Gienbinetaetiinctensenee OD eietientiet ete PET eerenbnettnasiteriemrenere : a | hath iahic had in all ages? and Servants in all offices ? lyea and Chaplains too ¢ It is a very difficult thing “to ferve the times ; they change fo frequently, foduddenly, and fometimes fo violently ae one extreme to another. The times under Dio- clefian were Pagan ; under Conftantine, Chriftian , under Conftantius. Arian’. under Julian, Apoftate « : under Jovian; Chriftian again, andall’ within the age of man, the term of feventie years. And would it not have Jorencky d and {praind his foul’ with fhort tiitn- ing, who in all thefe fhould have been of the Religion | for the time beg? Time Je ‘vers ave oftentimes left'in the lurch: If they do not onely give their word for the times ity their conftant difcourfes, buealfo give their bands for them, and | write in hee defence ssSutch when the times: turn af- | | terwards to.another extreme, rare left'in the briers. and come off very hardly from: the bill of their hainds.. If ‘they turn.again with thetimes nonéwill traf them, for who will make a fla ofaniofier? = | Mijferable will be the condition of uch Lime-fervers- when _ their aeicgeiencdliiianpatactll —eeevipemns Neh Co 8 ec NE Soe IRS Ae MRR, le LS 2S hed MEY jh Sa PUN eR SS ne eres a ee | Chap. 20. Generall Rules, | their Master is taken from them. When as the 'Rev..10..6. that Time fhall be no longer. > ever protect us. | To conclude, he that intends to meet with Ofiein | great Fair, and knows not where he is, m /find him by ftanding ftill | there, then by traverfing it up and i oe et ae ma “ fs € aS Y Angel fwore® Jo. at | Uheretore js jt | beft ferving of him who is eternity, a Mafter that can | a| whe ay fooner | in fome principall place | | i . down. Take thy | {tand on fome good ground in Religion,and keep thy ; | | {tation in a fixed pofture, never hunting after the times | |tofollow them, | come to thee once in thy lifetime. j CHap. 20, Of Moderation. Oderation is.* the filken firing running throush the | pea l-chain of all virtues. It appears both in | Practice, and Judgement : we will infift on the latter, and delcribe it farft negatively’: Moderation is not an halting betwixt two opinions. when the through-beleving of one of them is necef] iy to jalvation : no ity isto be fhown to fuch voluntary étipples. We | reade ( Acts 27.12. ) of an Haven if Crete which lay to- | wards the South-W eft, and towards the Novth-W?eFt : fttange, | that it could have part of two oppofite points, North | and South, fure, it mutt be very Winding. And thus {ome mens fouls are in fuch intricate poftures| they lay towards the Papiltsand towards the Proteftants . fuch | we count not of a moderate judgement, but of an im- | moderate unfettlednefle. | Norts-it 2 lukewarmneff e in thofe things Wherein Gods glory | ts concernd. Herein it’s a crue Ratle, * Non amat qui non ze- ‘lat. And they that aré thus lukewarm here fhall be too | hot hereafter in that oven wherein Dow-bak’d cakes thall | be burnt. | | | | f But it 1s a mixture of difcretion and charity in ones judgement. Dd 3 Dilcretion 2 —— ee TL ee ws ee ee te _ — —-- ? and an hundred to one, they will | * Bilhop Hall Of Chriflian Moderation, pag. 6, Maxime } 2 © Auzuftin. Contra Add- wWman. cup, j << ti | i / i ' : | | ee | * Irenaeus lib. | 5. 4 * Dyor. Laert in fine Proc- Mik. ewe se LLL ~The Holy State. Book III. | Difcretion puts a difference betwixt things abfolutely | neceflary to falvation to be done and believed, and | thofe which are of a fecond fort and lower form, | wherein more liberty and latitude is allowed. In main- | taining whereof, the ftiffneffe of the judgement is aba- ted, and fuppled with charity towards his neighbour. The lukewarm man eyes onely his own ends, and | particular profit . the moderate man aims at the good of others, and unity of the Church. | Yet fuch moderate men are commonly crufh'd betwixt the ex- treme parties on both fides. But what faid Ignatius ? * Tam ChriSts wheat, and must be ground with the teeth of beasts, that I may be made Geds pure manchet. Saints are born to fuffer, and muft take it patiently. Befides, in this world ge- nerally they get the leaft preferment;it faring with them as with the gueft that fat in the midft of the table, who could reach to neither mefle, above or beneath him: Efuriunt Medi, Fines bene funt faturatt Dixérunt Stultt, Medium tenuere beati. Both ends o’th’ table furnifh’d are with meat, Whilft they in middle nothing have to eat. They were none of the wifeft well I wit, Who made bliffe in the middle to confilt. Yet thefe temporall inconveniences of moderation are abundantly recompenced with other better bene- fits : for 1 Awell inform’d judgement in it {elf isa prefer-| ment. Potamon began a fect of Philolophers | called * Exaéxrma, who wholly adher’d to no for- mer feét, but chofe out of all of them, what they thought beft. Surely fuch Divines, who in un- importing controverfies extract the prob ableft opinions from all Profefsions, are beft at eale in their minds. | 2 Asthe moderate mans temporall hopes are not great fo his fears are the leffe. He fears not to have Sean Chap. 20, — Generall Rules. 207 have the {plinters of his patty (when it breaks ) | fie into his eyes, or to be buried under the ruines. of his fide if fuppreft. He never pinn’d his religi- | onon any mans fleeve, no, not on the Ayme of flefh, and therefore is free from all dangerous en- | gagements. | 2 His confcience is clear from raifing. Schifmes in | the Church. The Turks did ule to wonder) _ | much at our Englifh men for * pinking or cut-| ae ting their clothes, counting them little better | 7mr2- | then mad for their pains to make holes in whole | cloth, which time of it felf would tear too! foon. But grant men may doe with their own | garments, as their phancy advifeth them : “af woe betofuch who willingly cut and rend the feamlefle Coat of Chrift with diffentions. 4 His religionis more conftant and durable : be- ing here, mvia, in his way to Heaven, and jog- ging.on a good Travellers pace he overtakes and out-goes* many violent men, whole over- hot ill-grounded Zeal was quickly tired. 5 In matters of moment indeed none are more Zealous. He thriftily treafur'd up his {pirits for that time, who if he had formerly rent his lungs for every trifle, he would have wanted breath in points of importance. 6 Once inan age the moderate man is in tafhion, Each extreme courts him, to make them friends. and furely he hath a great advantage to be a Peace-maker betwixt oppofite parties. Now whileft, as we have faid, moderate men are con- ftant to themfelves, Violent men reel from one extremity to another. Who would think that the Eaft and Weft Indies were fo near together, whofe names fpeak them at diame- tricall oppofition ? And yet their extremities are either the {ame Continent, or parted with a very narrow Sea. As saeutnd = arrneiaeeeeee LN tt ete ye - ES an aT Sy a Re a ae oe rn eee Book ith. | —EEE———— ae, aes 208 The Holy State. Be the world is round, fo we may obletve a circula-' tion in opinions , and Violent men turn often round | in their tenets. | 6 Pride is the greate/t enemy to Moderation. ‘This makes | men ftickle for their opinions, to make them funda-' mentall : Proud men having deeply ftudied fome ad- | ditionall point in Divinity, will ftrive to make the | fame neceflary to- falvation, to enhanfe the value of ‘their own ‘worth and pains; and it: muft be funda- | mentall in religion, becaufe it is fundamentall to their | reputation. Yea as love doth defcend, and men doat: moft on their Grandchildren, fo thele are indulgent to’ the deduétions of their dedudtions, and confequen- | tiall inferences to the feventh generation, making a. them all of the foundation, though Icarce of the build- | * Hreneus ¢aP- | ing of religion. * Ancient Fathers made the Creed [ym-| Evks e, o | Steet bolum , the fhot and totall fumme of Faith. Since’ | Hilarius ad | Which how many atrearages, and after-reckonings | —— eel Conjiant, Axn- : cc 14 | gull " | have men brought us in ? to which if we will not pay, a Pers me an J | toxin, our belief, our fouls muft be arrefted without bail | | Serm.defm- | upon pain of damnation. Next to Pride popular Ap-| | Augut. Serm. plaule is the oreateft foe Moderation hath, and fure: | DeTempure. | they who {ail with that wind have their own vain | | glory for their Haven. | To clofe up all, Let men on Gods blesfing foundly, | | yet wifely, whip and lath Lukewarmnefle and Time- | : ferving, their thongs will never Mie in the face of true, | Moderation, to do it any harm , for however men seit a |may undervalue it, that * Father {fpake moft traly, 91 a psi virtutum finis ille fit maximus, que pluromorum [pectat pro-| : fectum, Moderatio prope ommium pulcherrima eft. | | — F h : . _— | = a a a Re rr e ete hn eee es 21. General ules. : 209 | | Car. 21, | | Of Gravity. | | : Ravity is the ballaft ofthe foul, which Keeps the | mind fteddy. It is either true, or counterfeit. Naturall dulneffe, and heavineffe of temper, is fometimes | Maxime | mistaken for true Gravity. In fuch men in whofe confitu. tions one of the tetrarch Elements fire may feem to be omitted. Thefe fometimes not onely covertheir de- fects , but get praife : Seepe latet Vitium proxtmitate boni. They do wilely to counterfeit a relervednefle, and to keep their chefts alwayes lock’d, not for fear an fhould fteal treafure thence, but left fome fhould look in, and fee that there is nothing within them. But they who are born Eunuchs deferve no fuch great commendation for their chaftity. Wonder not fo much that fuch men are gtave, but wonder at them if they be not grave. | | Affected Gravity paffes often for that Which is true: I mean 3 with dull eyes, for in it felf nothing is more ridiculous. When one fhall ufe the preface of a mile, to bring in a furlong of matter, fet his face and {fpeech in a frame, and to make men believe it is fome pretious liquour, their words come out drop by drop -Such mens yi-| lards do fometimes fall from them, not without the laughter of the beholders. One was called Gravity for his affected folemnefle, who afterwards being catch’d ina light prank was ever after to the day of his death | called Gravity-levity . True Gravity expreffeth it felf in Gate, Gesture, Apparell,and oe Speech.Kox * quedam eft anwt,corports motus.As for Speech, |" Pg ode Gravity enjoyns it, ~ t Not to be over much. In * the multitude of words there |\*P/?16-19. wanteth not finne. For of necefsity many of them mutt be idle, whofe beft commendation is that LENO AR ce ————————— Senet ee ee i ee . ee ee cesses calla a OT an | 210 The Holy State. Book Uf. | ————— nia as seen ‘og, mera ey are good for nothing. Belides, * Dum otiofa | | verba cavere neglgimus, ad noxta pervenimus. And | | reat talkers difcharge too thick to take alwayes | true aim ; belides, it is odious in a company. A man full of words, who took himfelf to bea} Grand wit, made his brag that he was the leader | of the difcourfe in what company foever he | came, and None, {aid he,dare {peak in my prefence, if I | hold my peace. No wonder, an{wered one, for they are | | all ftruck dumbe at the miracle of your fulence. 2 To he wife and difcreet, Colofsians 4. 6. Let your [peech be alwayes With grace, feafoned with {alt. Al- es wayes, not onely fometimes in the company of | Fox Martyrs, ; ‘ a ' pag. 1079. godly men. * Tindals being in the room hin- | dred a juggler that he could not play his feats:( A Saints prelence ftops the devils elbow-room to do his tricks) and fo fome wicked men are awed into good difcourfe,whileft pious people are pre- fent. But it muft be alwayes feajoned with fale, which is the primum vivens ¢ ultimum moriens at a feaft, firft brought, and laft taken away, and fet inthe midft as moft neceflary thereunto. With falt, that is with wifdome and difcretion, non fali- bus, fed fale; nor yet with {marting jeeres, like thofe whofe difcourfe is fire-/alt, {peaking con- _ ftant fatyrs to the difgrace of others. 4 That may be done privately without breach of Gravity, which may not be done publickly. As when a father makes himlelf his childs rattle, {porting with him till the father hath devour’d the wifeman in him. Equitans in arundine longa. | In ftead of ftately fteed, | | Riding upon a reed. Making play unto him,that one would think he Ikillkd his own difcretion, to bring his child afleep. Such cafes are no tre{pafle on Gravity, and married men may claim their priviledge, to be judged ai eeyves ~ een an me cinematic e oe | Nary pace is a race. Others have { | that he who feeth them onc ink eall | hat he who teeth them once may think them to be all | | pride, whileft he that feeth them. often knows them to a ee Chap. 21. Generall Rules. sit | — LOCO ttt tC ttt ttt ttt Peres, and may herein appeal from the cenfuring ver- | | dict of batchelours. : Nature in men is Jometimes unyufily taxed for 4 tre/paffe a- 5 gamit Gravity. Some have active {pirits, yea their ordi- | * o {corntull a carriage, | have none. Others have perchance a misbefeeming garb in gefture which they cannot amend ; that fork needing {trong tines wherewith one muftthruft away | nature. A fourth fort are of a merry cheerfull difpofi- tion ; and God forbid all fuch fhould be condemned for lightnefle. O let not any envious eye difinherit men of that which is their * Portion in this life, comfort- |” 2eeles 7.18. ably to enjoy the blefsings thereof. Yet Gravity muft prune though not root out our mirth. Gratious deportment may fometimes unjustly be accufed of , os lightneffe. Had one feen David. * dancing before the| 16. 2 F Ark, * Eliah in..his ptaying-pofture..when he put his} ,,° 8" *. head betwixt his legs, perchance he might have con- demnd them of unfitting behaviour. Had. he feen| Hes x. ‘Peter and John pofting to, Chrifts grave, * Rhodia| *4as 12.14 running into the houfe, he would have thought they had lett their Gravity behind them. But ‘Jet ‘none blame them for. their fpeed. untill he knows what were their {purres,; and what were.the motives that | urged them to make fuch -hafte. Thefe their a&ions | were the true conclufions, following, frora.fome in- ward premifles in their own fouls ;and that may be a fyllogifme in grace, which appears afoleci{me in| manners. | In fome perfons Gravity is most necefJary.. Viz. in Magi-’ . Ys {trates and Minifters. One * Palevizine an: Italian Pie i Gentleman, and kinfman to Scaliger, had in one | night all his haire chang’d from black. to Gray. | | Such an alteration ought there to.be in the heads. | | of every one that enters into Holy Orders, or Pub- Bes lick ee ee ee ~The Holy State. Book Ill. | ees lick Office, metamorphol’d from all lightneffe to | | Gravity. g God alone is the giver of true Gravity. No man wants fo much of any grace as he hathto {pare ; and a con- ftant imprefsion of Gods omniprefence is an excel- | lent way to fix mens fouls. Bifhop Andrews | * Vids in the jever placed the picture of * Mulcafter his Schoolma- ee ine.18.\ {ter over the doore of his ftudy ( whereas in all the reft | ‘of his houfe you fhould {carce fee a’ picture ) as to be | his Tucour and Supervifour. Let us conftantly appre- | hend Gods being in prefence, and this will fright us in- ‘to ftaied behaviour. i OO Cah 22. Of Marriage. ! Ome men havetoo much decried Marriage, as if | fhe the mother were: fcarce worthy to wait on Virginity her daughter, and as if it were an advance- ment for Marriage to be preferr'd before fornica- e and praife enough for her to be adjudged law- ‘full Give this holy eftace her due, and then we fhall find; | | Maxime 1| © Though batchelours be the Strongest ftakes, married men are the be/t binders in ‘the hedge of the Commonwealth. ’Tis the Policy of the Londoners‘ when they fend a fhip into the Levant or Mediterranean fea,to make every marri- ner therein’ a merchant, each feaman adventuring fomewhat of his own, which will make him more waty toavoid, and more valiant to undergo dangers. Thus married men, efpecially if having pofterity, fare the deeper fharers in that ftate wherein they _ | live, which engageth their affections to the greater loy- paley: lt is the worft clandeftine marriage when God 1 not inyited to ‘it. Wherefore beforehand beg his gratious afsiftance. Marriage fhall prove no lottery to thee, when the | hand tb en at at . 2 we rt ee - ee ieee eee ae ~ . GT A CE a rr ete | Chap. 22. Generall Rules. hand of providence chufeth for thee, who, if drawino a blank, can turnit intoa prize by fanctifying a bad | wife unto thee. | | Decetve not thy felf by overexpecting happineffe in the marri- | ed estate. Look not therein for contentment Sreater | then God will give, or a creature in this. world can te- | /ceive, namely to be free from all inconveniences. | | Marriage 1s not like the hill Olympus oro8 Aaeepes Wholly | | clear, without clouds; yea ex pect both wind and | | ftorms fometimes, which when blown over, the aire | | 1s the clearer, and wholfomer for it. Make account of | | certain cares and troubles which will attend thee. | Remember the nightingales which fing onely fome | moneths in the {pring, but commonly are filent when 'they have hatch’d their egges, as iftheir mirth were turned into care for their young ones. Yet all the mo- leftations of Marriage are abundantly recompenced with other comforts which God: beftoweth on them : who makea wife choice ofa wife, and obferve the following rules. | Let Grace and Goodneffe be the principall loadStone of thy af- feétions. For love which hath “ends will have an end, whereas that which is founded in true virtue will al. wayes continue. Some héld it unhappy to be married | with a diamond ring, perchance (if there be fo much | veafon in their folly ) becaufe the diamond hinders the roundnefle of the ting ending the infinicenefle thereof, -and feems to prefage fome termination in their love, which ought ever to endure: and fo it will, when it is | founded in religion. | Neither chufe all, nor not at all for Beauty. A cried-up Beauty makes more for her own praife then her hus- | bands profit. They tell us of a floting Hand in Scot- |land : but fure no wife pilot will caft anchor there, | left the land {wimme away with his fhip. So are they i |ferved (and juftly enough ) who onely faften their love on fading Beauty, and both fail together. | Fe 3 ee 413 — Let (eee = eee ee = At te - ———— See te re . i EC eee — P Se rates 2 — = - Ene ct ree ee. =aienentl FO 8 ae the on er er ee 7 ee Re er es ee - ~ RE er SO ES = nv Our Wa Bes- ov UmAY om Cara, 1. €or. | 7. 35: ra / A a | *Phil.com. lb. 2. Caps I. | | et | | | | | | " Thuan. de | | obtt. vir doit. - in eod. Anne. pag: 385. | } ' | 1 nacre LOAD LODO | Let there be no great difproportion i age. They that mar- | | ry ancient people mzrely in expectation to bury them, hang themlelves inhope that one will come and cut! the halter. Nor is Gods ordinance but mans abufing | thereof taxed in thishomely exprefsion, ufed by the A- | poltle himfelf. If Virginity enforced above the parties | power be* termed by S. Paul. Cor. 7.35. a fnare or a Se _—_ ___ihenessaannenie ~ Book II. | a a ee at ee - i peepee ae OPO The Holy State. us | } ’ halter, marriage is no better when againft ones will for} private relpects. | Let wealth in its due diftance be regarded. There be two towns in the lanc of Liege called Bovins and, Di- nant, the inhabitants whereof bear almoft an incredi- ble hatred one to another, and yet. notwithi{tanding their children ufual y marry together ; and the * reafon is, becaufe there is none other good town, or wealthy place near them. Thus parents fora little pelf often marry their children to thofe whole perfons they hate; and thus union bewixt families is not made, but the breach rather wideaed the more. This fhall ferve for a Conclufion. A Batchelour was faying, Next no wife, a.good wife is best. Nay, laid a Gentlewomaa, next to a good wife, no wife is the best. I with to all married people the outward happt- nefle which * Amo 1605 happened to a couple in the city of Delph in Holland, living moft lo- vingly together feventy five years in wedlock, till the man being one hundred and three, the wo- man. ninety aine years of age,died within three houres each of other,and were buried in the fame | grave. | ee ea a Se | OO EE CHapP. " NT NT A cae TT LO LE se wernt = 7 ER Rett wrt : Chap. 23. Generall Rules. ois | A CCC tat ta ia Le, oO ewe. ee me mee oe wm rte ee Cuap. 23, Of Fam. | £'Ame is the echo of actions refounding them to | the world, fave that the echo repeats onely the laft | part, but Fame relates all and often more then all. | Fame Jometimes hath created Jomethng of nothing. She hath 'made whole countreys more then ever Nature did, | e(pecially near the Poles, and tha hath peopled them ‘likewife with inhabitants of her own invention, | Pygmies, Giants, and Amazons: Yea Fame is fome- | times like unto a kind of Mufhrom, which * Pliny re: counts to be the greateft mirade in nature, becaufe | growing and having no root, a Fame no ground of her reports. Fame often makes a great deal of alittle. Abfalom killd one of Davids fonnes, and * Fame kill’d all the reft : and generally fhe magnifies anc multiplies matters, Loud was that lie which that bell told hanging in a clock-houfe ac Weftminfter, and ufually rung at the Coronation and Funeralls of Princes, having this in- {cription about it, King Edward made me thirty thoujand and three, | Take me down and weigh me and more [hall you find me. | But when this bell was taken down at the dooms- | day of Abbeys, this and two mor were found not to | weigh * twenty thoufand. Many ‘elations of Fame are | found to fhrink accordingly. | Some Fames are moft difficult to t-ace home to their form: and thofe who have fought to track them, have gone rather in a circle chen forward, and oftentimes through ‘the doubling of reports have return’d back again | where they began. Fame being a baftard or filia popu- ‘li, tis very hardto find her father, and oftumes fhe hath Maxime x * In miraculis vel maximum eft Tubera na. (ct & vivere fine ulla radice, Plin. Nat. Hiff, lib, x 9. Cap. 2. “a SSS SE re Treat ee ee —— i "OSS ees coer POLE SO NE Re * Stowes fur- ucy of Londo, pag. $28. 3 | ———— _ aateenint ee i iil ed tt er ala aac, sti 216 The Holy State. Bo "| hath rather all then any for her firft Authours. | A Politicians fometimes vaile Hames on purpoje. As that fuch | : | things are done already, which they mean to do after- | wards. By the light of thofe falfe fires they lee into) mens hearts, and thee falfe rumours are true Icouts to | difcover mens difpofitions. Befides, the deed ( though | ftrange in it felf ) is done afterwards with the lefle | noife, men having vented their wonder beforehand, | and the ftrangenefle of the action is abated, becaule| | formerly made ftale in report. But if the rumour ftar- | | tles men extremely,and draws with it dangerous con-| | fequences, then they can prefently contute it, let thee | intentions fall and profecute it no further. | 5 | The Papall fide of all Fame-merchants drive the most gainfull | | eee a 0 NEE EES ERT | EE A AE I ELIT id eetsee | secre , | | #8. Edwards! trade as that worthy * Knight hath given us an exact | | Sandysview | . M3 : _< 3 ‘ ‘ofthewet | furvey thereot. But long before them, ftrange was| | Religioms, pag. ees that plot of Stratocles, who gave it out that he had gotten a victory, and the conftant report thereof con- | cinued three dayes, and then was confuted ; and Stra- | tocles being charged with abufing his people with a aatnes ap: | lie, Why (faid *he ) are ye angry With me for making you ' | eyssuale. | pale three dayes inmirth and jollity more then otherwife you as - | {hould ? | 6 | Incredible is the [wiftnef[e of Fame in carrying reports. Firft | | fhe creeps thorow a village, then fhe goes thorow a} | town, then fhe runs thorow a city, then fhe flyes tho-| | row a countrey, ftill the farther the fafter. Yea Chrift | | who made the dumbe fpeak, made not tell-tale Fame | | filent, though charging thole he cured to hold their peace, * but fo much the more went there a Fame abroad of lim. | Yea fome things have been reported {oon as ever they | were done at impofsible diftance. The overthrow of | Perfeus was brought out of Macedon to Rome in| Pongal *foure dayes. And in Domiuans time a report was! | ~ | brought two thoufand five hundred miles in one day. | | In which accidents, | | | 1 Fame takes poft on fome other advantage. Thus | | | the | } ' | | a SETS eye a - —eeenees a | | ee eee tt ’ body of that greatneffe hath an eye of like citarnelie, 'and it is impolsible that a wanderer witha counterfeit | Chap. 23. Generall Rules. the overthrow of. the Sabines was known ar Rome prius pene quam nunciart. pofsit, by the means ofthe * arms of the Sabines drowned in the rj- ver of Tiber, and carried down by the tide to Rome. And thus Ammo * 1568 the overthrow which the Spaniards gave the Dutch at the river of Ems was known at Grunning before an horfeman could reach thither, by the multitude of the Dutch caps which the river brought down into the city. But thele conveiances are but flugs to make fuch miraculous {peed: wherefore fome- times reports are carried, 2 By the miniftration of Spirits. The devils are well at leifure to play fich pranks,and may do it in a frolick. And yet they would fcarce be the car- riers except they were well payed for the portage, getting lome profit thereby ( doing of mifchief is all the profit they are capable of ) and do harm to fome by the fuddennefle of thofe reports. Or elfe 3 The Fame is antedated. and raif‘d before the fact, being related at guefle before ‘twas acted. Thus fome have been cautleflely commended for early rifing in the morning, who indeed came to their journeys end over night. If fuch foremade re- orts prove true, they are admired and regiftred if falle, neglected and forgotten : as thofe onely which efcaped fhipwrack hung up votivas tabu- las, tablets with their names in thofe Haven- towns where they came afhore. Butas for thofe who are drowned, their memorialls are drowned with them. 217 ae | * Livy libs 1. *Famian.Straq| da de Bello | Belgic. lib. 5. pag.456. | nee ee ee Generall yeports are Jeldome alfe. Vox popult vox Dei. A 7 'paffe fhould paffe undifcovered. ] ) A fond Fame is beSt confuted by negleéting it. By Fond un- Ff —— ___derftand — | - ne ~ ae? 218 ~The Holy State. Book Ii. | . , \ — 4 — ee | derftand fuch a report as 1s rather ridiculous then dan-| erous if believed. It is not worth the making a Schifme betwixt News-mongers to fet up an antifame| againit it. Yea ferioully and ftudioufly to endeavour | to confute it: will grace the rumour too much, and| give fulpicion that indeed there is fome reality in it. | What madnefle weré itto planta piece of ordinance | to beat down an afpen leaf , which having alwayes | the palfie, will aclaft fall down of it felf. And Fame! hath much of the {cold in her ; the beft way to filence | Iher isto be filent, and then at laft fhe willbe out of | | breath with blowing her own trumpet. : | Eame fometimes reports things leffe then they are. Pardon) | her for offending herein, fhe is guilty fo feldome. For | | one kingdome of Scotland,which ( they fay ) Geogra-| phers defcribe an hundred miles too fhort, molt Nor- | thern countreys are made. too large. Fame generally | overdoes, underdoes but in fome particulars. Ihe Ica- | lian proverb hath it, There is leffe honesty, wifdome, and | money in men then is counted on: yet lometimes a clofe} churl, who locks his coffers fo taft Fame could never | | peep into chem, dyeth richer then he was reported | | when alive. None could come near to feel his eftate; |it mighttherefore cut fatter in his purle, then was ex-| ected. But Fame falls moft fhort in thole Tran{cen- | * 1 Kings. 10. | dents, which are above her Predicaments ; as in * So- | z lomons wifdome :And behold one half was not told me: thy | wifdome and profperity exceedeth the Fame that Ihbeard. But: chiefly in fore-reporting the Happineffe in heaven, | which eye hath not feen, nor ear heard, neither hath it | entred into the heart of man to conceive. | 16 52] | | | | CHAP, 24.| ! | — : — oun ee Chap. 24: General Rules. ee ee Cuap. 24. Of the Antiquity of Churches and Nece/sity of them. | VW ] E will confider their Antiquity amongft the | | o> 0 ee Cera pq = ae Jews, Heathen, and Chriftians. Now Tem- | | ples amongft the Jews were more or lefle ancient as | the acception of the word is {traiter or larger. | Lake Temple for a covered [landing structure, and the Fews had none till the time of Solomon, which was from the be- dred thirty two yeats : till chen they had neither leave nor libertie to build a T emple. For the Patriarchs, Abraham, Ifaac, and Jacob, lived in Pilgrimage; their potterity in Egypt in perfecution, their children in the Wildernefle in conftant travelling . their Succeflours in Canaan in continuall warrefare; till the dayes of Solomon. Temple, built by Motes in the wilderneffe about the | yeare of the world two thouland foure hundred fittte | five. Yea we find Gods Spirit ftyling this Tabernacle ; | a Temple, 1. Sam.1.9. Ely the Priest fate upon a feat by a) | . _ « ae eee een ee — ediempentetee I ese ene ee = = te ee oaasiee a — pillar of the Temple. 1. Sam. 3.3. Before the lamp of the Lord 4 | Went out in the Temple. Such a portable Church Conftan- | OST a ee oe ee warre. : Gods children had places with Altars to ferve God im before | / ot they had any Temples. Such Altars feem as ancient as Sa-| crifices, both which are twins ; and in Relatives find | oneand find both. Indeed the farft Altar we reade ot | in Scripture is that which Noah built after the Flood : . : -7 }° . 7% , aa men exiftimandum toto illo tempore,quo ante duluyium pur homines \ aan - IT LO I ee > ae on a a ee ~ ene ee re o — sinning of the* world about two thoufand nine hun- | 274 .¢>ron. oe, 2 Helvict. Take Templum for tectum * amplum, a large place’ 28 p a ; ae dem Ts * Iitdorus lib. covered to ferve God therem, and the Tabernacle was a movedble\ «5"cay 14. ; | * Socrates lib. tine * had carried about with hint when he went to}. a 14.¢ | Soxomen.tib. %. | cap. 8. 3 _—---— ~~ Maxime 1 Rm I I SN I ES ITE MISES EI SS et oe et * Rivet. in Gee ip CF But heare what a * Learned man faith thereot, Non ta-| porcar. o75 Se 7 Sher eer ~ a OO ee ee a eer ne ee ~— . ~_— A = | Se STORE A 1, oe fem| ple- F a 'F aA -- . f Ps s°0 oP - } ae fe arian “unt Altay WIN UpUIn FUP E TCO NU Wn. IMS 1a CYe= | ich Mille | par ee ey ; 4 948124 donde? oachum Wiiatsh jh bc | chaste ' lum eoru: n, que eum | | p} eco } cant. 10 mMorvenl inoutumn. | The Pe ~ Bs | < the I ¢ YY } > ha d PIL ’ oth lal Sy; ad 1000 ip LIC -fOwWd befides ) i pI C Vi aj Hy } €} UW daa * on ed 26 Me Sle os Merving inftead of C se s of eafe to the mother ‘Church at Jerufalem. In the new Teftament (the Temple yet srs? tis plain that Chrift often gtaced | fuch ap gogsues with: his prelence and preachifig; | vane and tis * probable le they were in ufe ever fince Jofuahs | itime, w ‘id 1 the land was firft inhabited with Ifraelites, | a that the Levires age ali over the land di d | teach the peop! le therein : Otherwile Paleftine wasa great Parifh and fome therein had an hundred miles to | Church - , befides , peoples fouls were pootely fed ha- ving bt it three meals ina yeare, being but thrice to ap- pear at Jerufalem. > Many j Fleathen Te mpl s Were ancienter the 1 that of S olomons | rw. | Amongft which Pagan Temples there is Het hyuitling, for precedency, though fome —— that f Apis 1 n E-| | gypt fhews the belt evidence for her feniority, where- ‘in was worthipped an’ Oxe. of whofe herd (not to fay bi reed ) Was the Calf which the Iftachies w orfhip- pe dj in th: wildernette, b b Cis 2 ma dei in imitation the “LC- ee. es rt of. But t he Heathe 1 h ad thi S srotle CO neelt that the Ir | > BQ Gods were afixt to their Statues,as their Statues were | -confin’ d in. their Temples : ee that in effect they di | ‘not fo much build Temples for t th Gods, as thereby lay Nets to catch them in, inv1 ne a thither as ‘into a Pallace, and then keeping them there as in a | Prifon. soe 6 | Most civilized Heathen Nations had Temp es for their God 5. | | Tfay, Mo5t, fof the Perfians are faid to hives none at sll Perchance it was becaufe a: chiefly worthip sed th ‘Sunne, and then ; according to the generall op: inion of | fixing Deitie Ss to the ir Ten nples, it was in Vi ; | any Rruaiureth herein to re 2 hie and keep his Ubi ui- L itary beams. And yet that the Perfians were whol ly | | } Generall Rules. | Y9T x A : Chap. 2 dae : i emple-lefie will hardly be believed eeing the Affyri-. ans on this fide(* Senacherib was killed wo {1. ‘ i * . rNipping | 2 Pre 454 25 in the houfe of Nifroch hisGod ) andthe Indians on} the other fide of them had their 'T emples erected, as 'fome will have it, by Bacchus their Dionyfius: yea we ‘find a Temple in Pertia dedicated to*Nanea inthe ‘time of ‘Antiochus, and though it may be pretended | 2%." ™<# that the influence of the Grecian Empire on the Perfi- -ans had then {piced them with a finack of Grecifine 'yet Nanea will {carce be proved any Grecian Deity: ‘Mot to fay any thing of the Temple of Bell. | | Civilized : for as’ for the Scythian wandring Nomades, | | Temples forted not with their condition, as wanting | both civility and fettlednefle : and who can expect | Churches from them, who had nohoufes for them- | felves? Laftly I fay, Nation:for the Stoicks onely, a con- | ceited fect, forbad any building of Temples, either out | of derifion of the common conceit that Deities were kept in durance in their Temples. or elfe out of hu-| mour, becaufe they counted the general practice of o- | ther men a juft ground for their contrary opinion. And | now we come to the Antiquity of Chriftian Churches, | and crave leave of the Reader, that we may fora while | diffolve.our continued difcourfe into a dialogue. A. 1am much perplexed to find the beginning of Chriftian ‘Churches 1n the Scripture. There I find the Saints meeting im the houfe of Marie the mother o Mark ; in the School-of Tyrannus . in-an upper Chamber. but can feeno foundation ofa ‘Church, I mean ofa place and ftructure feparated and. fer apart folely for Divine Service. ®. Uhat the Saints had -afterwards Churches in your fenfe is plain: 1. Cor. 1.22. Have ye not Floujes to cat and drink in, or defpife ye the Church of | | God, and fhame them that have not? Herethe oppofi- tion is a good expofition of the Apoftles nean- | ing, and the Antithefis betwixt Houfes and Church Ff 3 {peaks nt errr ete ee a ees ee re ee 6 USE NN ee Ee gle RP TI AS = ~~ ee 8 re > ———— ane ae peaks chem both to be locall , fo that S- Paul eee pa ee B. Pardon me S*: for the Apoftle therein accufeth A. Not fo neither : Herein alfo the trumpet of Anti- B. Yet how flenderly foever thole Primitive times —_————— ~The Holy State. Book IU. | thought their materiall Church defpifed, that is | ~ 5 . ‘ | abufed and unreverencd, by their lay-meetings | of Love-feafts therein. A. By your favour, S‘, the Apoftle by Church mean- | eth there the affembly or fociety of Gods fer-| vants, as appeats by what followeth, or despife ye the Church of God and [hame them that have not 2? I hem, and not that, not {peaking of the Place but Per- fons: The latter words of the Apoftle com- ment on the former, fhewing how to {hame thofe who had not (that is, to neglect and up- braid the poore ) 1s t defpife the Church of God. the Corinthians of a fecond fault. Jmprimis he chargeth them for defpifing Gods materiall Church ; Item, for fhaming their poore brethren in their Love-feafts. The particle And fheweth the addition of anew charge, but no expound- ing or amplifying of the former. But, S‘, fuf- pending our judgements herein, let us defcend tothe Primitive times before Conftantine, we {hall there find Churches without any contta- diction. quity giveth a very uncertain found : Indeed we have but little left of the ftory of thofe times wherein Chriftian books were as much perlecu- ted as men,and but'a few Confeflour-records e- {caping martyrdome are come to our hands. | Yea God may feem to have permitted the {up- prefsion of primitive Hiftory, left men fhould be too ftudious in reading, and obfervant in| ractifing the cuftomes of that age, even to the| neglecting and undervaluing of his written} Word. are | ee eg ee LL LL LLL LLL LLL LLL LLL OLE LLL LETT IgE CTCL eer a apart nina nn ' Eo nomen A. we Chap. 24. Generall ‘Rules. ————$————— 7 * —— ~ tad = are {toried, there is enough in them to prove the Antiquity of Churches. I will not inftance on the decrees of Evariftus, Hyginus, and other Popes in the firft three hundred years about the confecrating of Churches, becaufe their authori- ty is fufpedted as antedated ; and none are bound to believe that the Gibeonites came from {fo fara Countrey as their mouldy bread & clout- ed fhoes did pretend. Churches are plainly to be foundin Tertullian, two hundred years | after Chrift, and Enfebius * witneffeth that be-| fore the time of Dioclefian the Chriftians had Churches, which the Tyrant caufed to be de- {troyed. | But * Origen, Minutius Felix, Arnobius, and Lactantius, being prefl’d by the Heathen that | Chriftians had no Churches, anfwered by way of confelsion, yielding that they had none. This | is the difficulty perplexeth me. It was a bloody | {fpeech of Abner, Let the young men rife up and play’ before us : But worle is their cruelty who make | {port at the falling out of the old men, when the reverend brows of Anuquity knock one a- gainit another, and Fathers thus extremely differ | in matters of faét. Why, St? A charitable diftingtion may recon- cile them : if by Churches, ftately magnificent Fa-_ bricks be meant, in that acception the Chriftians had no Churches ; but {mall Oratories and Prayer-places they then had, though little, low oO and dark, being fo fearfull of perfecution they were jealous the Sunne-beams fhould behold | them : and indeed ftately Churches had but gi | vena fairer aim to their Enemies malice to hit) them. Such an .homely place learned S* Henrie Spelman * prefents us with , which was fir ft A tt ct ta 22, | ? | ' ; | * Hift. Eccles. lib. 8, ¢.1, & 2. ™ Origen. lib. 4. | contra Celfum, | Obyjicit nobis | Celfus quod non habea- mus Imagines aut Aras aut Templa, Idem lib, 8. contra Celfum, Celfus & Aras & Si mulacra & Delubr a ait nos diffugere uo minus Sidon Arnobius lib. 4 Contra Gen. Accufatis nos quod nec Lempla ha- beamus, nec Imagines nec ras. Minut. Felix pag. 73. Putatis autem nos occultare quod cola mus fi Delu- ra et Aras non habemus, Lattantius Quid fibi Templa, quid re volunt, quid denique ipfa Simula- cra, &c. * De Conciliis Brittan. founded at Glaftenbury, thatched and wattled : Page 11. And | ee a ee * Adver[us Gentes,cap.3. Q- a nner eae ly made the Court. T he Holy State. Book I. ae And let not our Churches now grown men look with a f{cornfull eye on their own piciure, when babes in their fwadling clothes. And no wonder if Gods Houfe Erubuit domino cultior effe {uo, The Church did blufh more glory for to have Then had her Lord.He bege’d, fhould fhe be brave? Chrift himfelf being then cold, and hungry, and | naked in his afflicted members. Such a mean O-| ratory Tertullian calls * Triclintum Christianorum, | the Parlour or Three-bed-room of the Chrifti-, ans. | But it fees not to confift with Chriftian inge- nuity for the fore-named Fathers abfolutely to | deny their having of Churches, becaufe they had onely poore ones. | . Take then another An{wer, namely. in denying | they had no Temples, they meant it in the fame, notion wherein they were interrogated, to wit, | they had no Templeslike the Pagans for Heathen Gods, no claustra Numinum, w herein the Deity they ferved was imprifoned. Or may we not fay | that in thatage the Chriftians had no Churches | generally, though they might have them in fome places ? the elevation of their happinefle being varied according to feverall climates : And Chri- ftendome then being of fo large an extent, it might be ftormy with perfecution in one coun-— trey, and fair weather in another. We come now to the Necefsity. | There is no abfolute. necefsity that Christians fhould have Churches. No necefsity at all in refpeét of God, no ab- folute necefsity in refpect of men, when perfecution | hinders the ere@ting of them : In fuch acafe any place is made a Church for the time being, as any private houfe where the King and his Retinue meet is prefent- | i — _ ee | | i Chriftians | Chriftians have no direct precept to build Churches under the! \ Ss | Gofpel. I fay direét : For the Law of God:which com-| !mands a publick Sanctification of a Sabbath, muft| ineeds, by * way of neceflary confequence, imply a {et, ute known, and publick Place. Befides; Gods command | eas Bete 'to Moles and Solomon to build a T emple in a manner | synthe: obligeth us to build Churches. In which command | Te pla pub- : obferve the body and the foul thereof. The body there- gendis defti- of was Ceremoniall and mortail, yea dyed. and is buti-| te. cance led in our Saviours grave: Ihe foul thereof is Moral] |". 3.¢#. }and eternall, as founded in Nature, and is alwayes to oo jendure. Thus $. Paul finds a conftant bank for Mi- | nifters Maintenance lockt up in a Ceremonial Law, CO NN u~ ie | re i, 7 rd Pea ‘ ; 7 = ae US ee 7 Thon [halt not muzzle the mouth of the Ox that treadeth out the ' | | | Corn. The Apoftle on the Morality couched therein | founded the Charter of endowment for Minifters in the | | Gofpel. Befides, God hath left a warrant dormant | with his Church; Let all things be done decently and in order. And this ties Chriftians to the building of Churches | | | for their publick Affemblies, whereby not onely De- | cency but Piety is fo much advanced, el pecially in thefe three refpetts : 1 Hereby the fame meat ferves to feed many guefts , one Paftour inftructing many people in the fame place. ; | 2 Devotion is: increafed with company. Their| railes are the louder . and mufick is {weeteft in | a full confort : their prayers are the ftronger, be-| | fetting God as it were ina round, and tot fuffer- | ing him to depart till he hath blefled them.* AXec| *7er*u. Apo vas grata deo. | 3 The very Placeit felf, being dedicated to Gods fervice, is a Monitour to them Hoc agere, & ftirres up pious thoughts in them. Say not, it is| but lame Devotion that cannot mount without | the help of fuch a wooden ftock . rather *tis lame) indeed which is not raif'd though having the ad- vantage thereof. Gg Thofe | ee Ra ee ~~. - = _ mee | | i en SS | 2 : « 1.Kingss. | men, no fewer-cheu * one hundred fouree three thou- 15, 166 a a TOOL OL eee | Thofe that may , must frequent the publick Churches.. Such ae eS rr = CO ON be Holy State. Book Mil. | i | ) , & as nowadayes are ambitious of conventicles are deep- ly guilty : for asit had been defperate madnefle in juume of perfecution publickly to refort to Divine Ser- vice, fo it is no lefle unthankfulnefle to God now to | ferve him in woods and holes,not taking notice of the ‘liberty of the Gofpel, which he gratioully hath vouch- lc . : ce i | fafed.yea fuch people in effeét deny the King to be De- | fender of the Faith, but make him a Perfecuter rather, 'in that they dare not avouch the truth in the face of his | Authority. If it be good they do (thanks be to God ) | it may be done any where ; if bad,it muftbe done no | where.Befides,by their voluntary private meetings they | give occafions to many to fupect their actions there : | And grant them unjuftly traduced for their behaviour ‘therein, yet can they not juftly be excufed, becaute they invite {launderous tongues to cenfure them, in not providing for honeft thmgs im the fight of men, and clearing Gods fervice as well from the fufpicion as from the | guilt of any difhonefty. We fhould now come tofpeak of the Holinefle, Hiscerchce Decency, and Magnificencie of Churches : ere But herein I-had rather heare the judgements of other Imen. Let it ferve inftead of a conclufion to obferve that Solomons Temple was the ftatelyeft ftructure chat ever was or fhallbe in the world ; builc by the | wealthyeft, contrived by the wifeft King in feven years (now counted the life of a man )by an army of Work- fand three hundred, of the found eft timber, moft pre- | tious ftones, moft proper metall, as the nature ol the things required , either the ftrongeft, Brafle ; or the ticheft, Gold: In a word, Earth gave it molt coftly ‘matter,and Heaven 1t (elf moft curious workmanfhip, God dire@ting them. And though Solomon ‘had no ‘mines of Gold and Silver in his own land, yet had he ithe fpoils and gifts of the neighbouring nations, and once re —E ee ——— —— a ee eee centers Generall ‘Rules. S37 | Chap. 24. —_———— ge se = = = - - ES EE | once in three years the golden land of O phir came | {wimming to Hierufalem. God being the Landlord of | the earth, Solomon was then his Keceiver, to whom. | the World payed in her rent,to build his Temple. And. | was not he a moft wealthy King, in Whofe dayes filver | | Was nothing accounted of ;{eeing in our dayes the com-| | mander of both Indyes hath fo much braflecoin cur. | : tant in his Court 2? As for Jofephus his conceit, that | | the fecond edition of the Temple by ZLorobabel as it | | was new forrelled and filleted with gold by Herod, | was a ftatelier volume then that firft of Solomon, it is | | too weak a furmifeto havea confutation faftned to| It. And yet we will not deny but the world hath Ken greater buildings for the Piles and Fabricks, as may ap- pear by this parrallel. 1 2 >, Chron.3.2, 2 2 > Plin. nat. ~ L . 2 p—y-7 a, * H ft. ve Gods Temple, Diana s Temple, sepulcher Church, cap “ = built at built ac built on Bea Si - . a - J < -¢ wu - ( On: Eherufalem by Epheus by the Mount Calvary by| fantini, c. 24. 5 : . i cts a “T4@ Lmreregy Solomon. Kings of Afia. Constantine. — | #39." AGi ott | Long 60¢ : Long 425 7? : Long hen ws and Bo fet easaes : ; mention - Av | Broad 20 D>cybits. Broad 226 foot. Broad perbolicall espree d Ev Grins lib High ae High 60 High fions of it: 4. Cap. 30. ng ine ely By . 1he body of the | : ) : . . 6 Church behdes S.Sophia's Church, — S. Pauls Church, Lurkifh Mosque, the in goa ; ; ‘amoa, Britt. built at built at built at | in Middlefex. 3 ; : The height Constantinople by London by King Fez. me find not sbut Ee ae A SF SS : 1tisa mile and Fus tintan. | Ethe lbep be | ball in com- Lang 260 7 = Long 690 2 . Long I 50? J | pajfe,Leo 4fri- Broad 75> foot. Broad 130 foot. Broad 80 +Florentine Cans, Gb. Se High 1805 High 102 5 High } Cubits. Pegs 126. f ; £ | But when the Reader hath with his eyes furveyed thele Temples, and findeth them to exceed Solomons, | yet let him remember, firft, that there is nothing mote | uncertain then the meafures ufed in feverall countreys, | one countreys {pan may be another countreys cubit, | Ger" and | | | eee Se LC er a ee ee oe ee tee: a _— en ee = an —— — ———— = - The Holy State. Book Ik. | and the tee of one countrey as big as the foot-of an- | ‘other: fecondly, that in Solomons Temple great Cu- | ‘bits were meant Prime menfure,z. Chron: 3. 3. thirdly, | that we fee moft of thefe ftractures onely through the | magnifying glaffe of Fame, or elie by the eyes of Tra- | 'vellers, who ufually count the beft they ever faw to be | | Ithe beft was ever feen , yea in charity will lend a_| Church fome hundreds of feet to help out the dimen- | ‘fion thereof,as Bellonius a modern eye-witnelle count- | ae a6, eth * chree hundred fixti¢ five doores in the prelent | : Church of Sophia, which hath but foure,as an exact | +¢. Sandys |\* Traveller hath obferved. Laftly, whileft humane ; ee _ | Hiftorians will overlath for the honour of their own ‘Nations, we know it muft needs be true what Truth | hath written of Solomons Temple. | CH Be Px. 28 | Of Munifters maintenance. Aintenance of Minifters ought to be Plentifull | Certain, and in fome fort Proportionable to | ‘their deferts. It fhould be Plentifull, becaufe | Maximes\ ‘Their education was very chargeable to fit them for thew pro- ‘fefSion, both at School, and in the Univerlity : their 'books very dear, and thofe which they bought in Fo-| ‘lio fhrink quickly into Quarto’s,in refpect of the price their executours can get for them. Say not that Scho- Jars draw needleffe expences on themfelves’ by their |own lavifhnefie, and that they fhould rather lead a | Fafhion of thrift, then follow one of riot , for let any -equall man tax the bill of their neceflary charges, and it amounts to aygreat Summe, yea though they be ne- ver fo good husbands. Befides, the prizes of all com- 'modities daily rife higher , all perfons and profelsions are raiféd in their mantier of living:Scholars therefore, even againtt theit wills muft dtherwhiles be involved in the generall expenfivenefle of the times.it being 1m- rn eee ' ian: dnaaioas CO I I ELT LT TREE A A LE RT tt tent | Chap. 25. Generall Rules. | pofsible that one fpoke fhould ftand ftill when all the wheel turns about. | Ob. But many needleflely charge themfelves in liy 3 | i i too long in the Univerficy, fucking fo long of their Mother, they are never a whit the wifer for it ; whileft others not flaying there fo long, nor going through the porch of humane Arts, but | entring into Drvinity at the poftern, have made | good, Preachers, providing their people whol- | fome meat, though not fo finely dreft. | Anfw. Much good may it do their very hearts that | | feed on it. But how neceflary a competent | | knowledge of thofe Sciences is for a perfect Di- | | vine, is known to every wile man. Let not mens {uffering be counted their fault, nor thofe | acculed to Stand idlein the market whom no man hath | hired. Many would leave the Univerfity fooner, if called into the countrey on. tolerable conditi- ons. | Becaufe Minifters are to fubjist in a free liberal er comfortable a way. Balaam the falfe Prophet rode with his* two lesen men ; Gods Levite had * one man: Qh let not the | * Fudges. 19. | Minifters of the Gofpel be flaves to’ others, and fer-| °” vants to themlelves! They are not to prie into gain | through every {mall chink. It becomes them rather : to be acquainted with the natures of things, then with | the prizes, and to know them rather as they are in the 'world then as they are mthe market. Orherwife, if | ‘his means be {mail, and living poore, necefsity will ‘bolt him out of his own ftudy, and {end him to the | batn, when he fhould be at his book, or make him | ftudy his Eafter-book more then all other Writers. |Hereupon fome wanting what they fhould have at : home, have done what they fhould not abroad. : | Becanfe Hofpitality 1s expected at thew hands. The poore "Sees ‘come totheir houfes,as if chey had intereft in them and ‘the Minifters cai’ neither receive them nor refufe | Gg 3 them. a 6 I TT : = The Holy State. Bo cali: _— — nl —— : ‘them. Not to relieve them, were not re and| to relieve them, were worfe then Infidelity, becaule| therein they wrong their providing tor heit own fa-| mily. Thus fometimes are they forced to be Nabals | againit their will . s yet it greiveth them to fend away the people empty. But i at fhall they do, feeing they | cannot ey sly their loaves and their fifhes 3 ? Befides Clergie-men are deeply rated to all payments. Oh that | | their rrofelsitis were butas highly prized, as their e- | | {tate 1s valued. | 4 Becaufe tl: ey are to provide for their Pofterity, that ee the death of their parents they may live, though not | | | | ———— es aamaeenmnenimeaiiainmaiel — eee — | inan high, yet in an honeft tafhion, ‘iaithes leaving them to the wide Wie nor to a natnclw gee: # 5 Bec. 8 the Levites in the Old Teftament | rad plentifull pro- vifion. Oh.*tis good to be Gods Penfioner, for he giveth his 1a allowance. The ey had Sines and Sees ( houles and glebeland ) Tithes, Freewill-offerings, and their parts in Firft-fruics, aid Sacrifices. Do che | Minifters of the Gofpel deferve worle wages for bringing better tidings ? Befides, the Levites — were hereditary, and fe Sonne fure of his Fathers houfeand land. without a Faculty ad fuccedendum is tri. 6 Becaufe the Papists in time of Popery gave thew t Priefs | plentifull means. Whole Benefactours, fo bountiful ‘to | | hoc ipfum tamen. quod reliquum: est diripitur a Magistratu: |poliantur Parochie ae = . as Si —— c= te = Eee — eee ) 16 Having attained to a competent height, he had rather grow a 17 18 | > e . . buttreffe broader, then a frorie higher. He fortifieth himfelf ‘by raifing outworks, and twifting himfeltby inter- marriages of his kinred into noble Families : his Countenance will give all his Kinfwomen beauty. Some Favourites, whofe heels have been tript up by their adverfaries, have with their hands held on their Allies, till they could recover their feet again. He makes not Great men dance envidious attendance to {peak with hin. Oh whileft their heels cool how do their hearts burn 2 Wherefore in the midft of the Term of his bufineffe he makes himfelf a vacation to {peak with them. Indeed fome difficulty of accefle and con- ference begets a reverence towards them in common 4 : people ( who will fufpeét the ware not good if cheap to come by ) and therefore he values himfelf in ma- king them to wait: Yet he loves not to over-linger any in'an afflicting hope, but {peedily difpatcheth the fears : or defires of his expecting Clients. | } : ! | ; | | ' | ’ | | | | | He loveth a good name, but wall not. Wwooe or court it other- Wife, then as it is an attendant on honefty and virtue. But chiefly he avoydeth the {weet poylon of Popularity, wherewith fome have {wollen till they have broken. Efvecially . he declines the entertainment of man P ) J y Martialifts, the harfh counfell of fouldiers being com-_ oO monly untunable to the Court-way. The immode- rate reforting of military men toa Favourite ( chiefly it by any palliation he pretends to the Crown ) 1s like the flocking of fo many ravens and vulturs which | | | ; foretell his funerall. | He prefer-ves all inferiour Officers im the full rights and pris viledges of their places. Some are fo boyfterous, no feve- | rals will hold them, but Jay all Offices common to their | ge I EL CATO EE ee i | Chap. I. The Favourite _— a ae ee _——— + - Soy . . 353 eae —__ itheir power, or elfe are fo butte, that making ma-| iny circles in other mens profelsions , they raife up| | ill {pirits in them, and for every finger they needleffely | | chruft into other mens matters, fhall find an hand a- | gainft them, when occafion fhall ferve. As bad are they, who leaping over meaner perfons to whom the. ufinefle is proper, bring it per faltwu to themfelves: | in a legall chanriell. | | i Lb | not fuffering matters to run along b . . ° oO 4 . 7 but in a by-ditch of their own cutting, fo drawing the | : profit to themfelves, which they drein from others. | If accufed by his adver|aries he flies With peed to lis Princes | perfon. No better covert fora hunted Favourite to take ito : where if innocent, with his loyall breath he eafily dilpels all vapours of ill ‘fuggeftions ; if guilty, yet he ‘is half acquitted, becaufe judged by the Prince him- felf, whofe compalsion he moves by an. inzenuous confefsion. But if this Sanétuary-doore be bolted a- gainft him, then his ruine is portended, and aot long aiter. He is afifh onthe dry fhore when the tide of hi: Mafters | love hath left him ; fo that if he be not the more wife, he will be made a prey to the next that finds him. Seve- rall are the caufes of Favourites falls, proceeding either from the Kings pleafure, their enemies malice, or their own default : different the degrees and manner of their rine : fome when grown too great are fhifted under honourable colours of employment into a forsein aire, there to purge and leflen ; others receive’ their con- demnation at home. But how bad foever his caft be, fee how he betters it by good playing it. He Jubmits him/elf, Without conte/ting, to the pledure of bis Prince. For beinga Tenant at will to the favoar of his Sovereigne, it is vain to {trive to keep violent poflefsi- on when his Landlord will out him. Such ftugglin makes the hook of his enemies malice {trike the deep- er into him. And whileft his adverfaries {purre him with injuties on purpofe to make him {pring out into a ee RR TS pe a Oe re me li 2 rbellious | 20 2. 22 2 ee Sayre ere | | | Es 23 | | * Lynwood lib. ' —————__ ee et Rs EN a I te ee LAS The Holy State. Book [V. rebellious praétices, he reins in his palsions with the ftronger patience: — | If he must down, he jeeks to fall eafily, and if pofsible, to light ‘on his legs. It ftript out of his robes, he ftrives to kee this clothes loofing his honour, yet to hold his lands P siege bapa: ee ‘if not them, his life . and thanks his Prince for giving him whatfoever he takes not away from him. | To conclude,A Favourite is a trade, whereof he that | breaks once feldome fets up again. Rare are the exam- | ples of thofe who have compounded and thrived well 'P r afterwards. Mean men are like underwood, which ise saereat the Law calls plva cadud, que “ fuccifa renafcitur , being cut quam exfol- ventibus, own it may {pring again, but Favourites are like | okes, which {carce thrive after ( to make timber)being lopt,but if once cut down never grow morelf we light |on any who have flourifhed the fecond time, impute it ‘to their Princes pleafure to crofle the common obfer- vation, and to fhew that nothing is paft cure with fo | great a chirurgion, who caneven feta broken Favou- ‘rite. | | Now to fhew the inconftancie of Greatnefle not {up- | ported with virtue, we will firft infiftina remarkable pattern in holy Scripture. Next will we produce a parallel of two Favourites in our Englilh Court, living in the fame time, and height of honour with their So- | vereigne, the one through his vitioufneffe ending in ‘mufery, the other by his virtuous demeanour fhining : bright to his death:for I count it a Wrong to our Coun- trey to import prefidents out of forrein Hiftories when our home-Chronicles afford us as plentifull and proper examples. tT tn RS re sen _-- ae | Chap. 2, The life of Haman. CHap. 2, The life of Haman. H Aman the fonne of Amedatha, of the kinred of | | Agag, and people of Amalek, was highly fa- | 'voured by Ahafuerus Emperour of Perfia. I find not | what pretious properties he had, fure he wasa pearl | in the eye of Ahafuerus, who commanded allthis fub- jects to do lowly reverence unto him : onely Mordecai the Jew excepted himfelf from that rule, denying him | the payment of fo humble an obfervance. | I fathome not the depth of Mordecai's refufall : per- eteas Haman interpreted this reverence farther then ‘it was intended, as a divine honour, and therefore Mordecai would not blow wind intofoempty a blad- der, and be acceflary to-puff him up with fel f-conceit , or becaufe Amalek was the devils firft-fruits, which firft brake the peace with Ifrael, and God commanded an antipathy againft them ; or he had fome private countermand from God not to reverence him. What ever it was, Ihad_ rather aceufe my felf of ignorance, then Mordecai of pride. | Haman fwells at this negleé&. Will not his knees | bow 2 his neck fhall break with an halter. But oh,this was but poore and private revenge : one lark will not fillthe belly offuch a vuleur. What if Mordecai will not ftoop to Haman, muft Haman f{toop to Mordecai Ito be revenged of him alone ? wherefore he plotteth with the Kings {word to cut off che whole Nation of | the Jews. : | Repairing to Ahafuerus, he requefted that all the pee might be deftroyed. He backs his petition with three arguments firft, It was a {cattered Nation had they inhabited one entire counttey, their extirpation | would have weakned his empire, but being difperted, ‘though kill'devery where, they would have been mil- | li 3 fed ne rn a TT | ' ' } | ' a eS a certeeme ~All as a eign atin grammer ak a ae a ee etn tl la 246. . The Holy State. Book IV. | 3 | ee tn $$ ee fed no where. fecondly,his Empire would be more uni-| | form when this irregular people, not oblerving his. Laws, were taken away ; thirdly, ten thoufand talents | Haman would pay into the bargain into the Kings| Treafure. | | What, out of his own purfe ? I fee his pridé was a- | bove his covetou{nefle . and fpightfull men count their | revenge a purchale which cannot be overbought : or | perchance this money Mould arife out of the confifca- | tion of their goods. Thus Ahafuerus fhould lock all the Jews into his cheft, and by help of Hamans Chy- miftry convert them into filver. See how this grand deftroyer of a whole Nation leads the Kings profit. Thus our punie depopulatours alledge for their doings the Kings and countreys good; and we will believe them, when they can perfwade us that their private coffers are the Kings exchequer. But never any wounded the Commonwealth,but firft they kiff'd it, pretending the publick good. Hamans filver is droffe with Ahafuerus : onely his leafure is currant with him. If Haman will have it {o, fo it fhall freely be ; he will give him and not fell him his favour. “Tis wofull when great Judges fee arties accufed by other mens eyes, but condemne them by their own mouthes: and now Pofts were fent thorow out all Perfia to execute the Kings cruell decree. | I had almoft forgotten how before this time Morde-| | cal had difcovered the trealon which two of the Kings | | Chamberlains had plotted againft him ; which good | fervice of his,though not prefently paid, yet was {cored | | | — ee — ' up in the Chronicles, not rewarded but recorded, | where it flept till adue occafion did awake it. Per-| | chance Hamansenvy kept it fromthe Kings know-| ledge ; and Princes fometimes to reward the defert of | men want not mind, but minding of it | To proceed : See the Jews all pitifully penfive, and fafting t | | | | | Chap. 2. T he Life of Haman. a ai at a aeaiasnsds. RS eee 'fafting in fackcloth and afhes, even to Queen Efther { | her felf} which (unknown to Haman ) was one of ‘that nation. And to be brief, Efther invites Ahafuerus | and Haman to a banquet ( whofe life fhall pay the reckoning ) and next day they are both invited to a {e- cond entertainment. | * Mean time Haman provides a gallows of fifty cubits high to hang Mordecai on. Five cubits would have ferv'd the turn , and had it took effect, the height of | the gallows had but fet his foul fo much the farther on his journey towards heaven.His ftomach was fo fhar fet , he could not ftay till he had din’d on all the Jews, | but firft he muft break his faft on Mordecai . and fit it | was this bell-weather fhould be facrificed before the 're{t of the flock : wherefore he comes to the Gourt to get leave to put him to death. | | The night before Ahafuerus had pafled without 'fleep. The Chronicles are called for, either to invite {lumber, or to entertain waking with the leffe tediouf- | . a her Gods hand in the margin points the Reader to the place where Mordecai's good fervice was related , and Ahafuerus asketh Haman (newly come into the prefence ) what fhall be done to the man whom the King will honour ? Harnan being now (as he thought ) to meafure his own happinefle, had been much too blame if-he made lit not of the largeft fize. He cuts out a garment of ho- | nour, royall both for matter and making,for Mordecai | to wear. By the Kings command he becomes Morde- cai’s Herauld and Page, lacquying by him riding on the | Kings fteed ( who he hoped by this time fhould have | mounted the wooden horfe) and then pentive in heart | hafts home to bemoan himfelfto his friends. Hamans wife proves a true Prophetefle, prefaging his ruine. If the feet of a Favourite begin to flip on the fteep hill of Honour, his own weight will down with him to the bottome : once paft noon with him, it is prefently | night. For 247 | C() WAR 3. il EL LC tennessee — | | | The Holy State. Book IV. : | | Forat the next feaft Ahafuerus is mortally incenfd/| | | bhi againtt him for plotting the death of Efther, with the | | aM reft ofher people. (For had. his project Lucceeded, pro | wil bablythe Jew had not been {pared for being a een, | i but the Queen had been killed for being a Jew. .) Ha- | man ina carelefle forrowtull pofture, more minding | | his lifsthen his luft, had caft himfelf on the Queens Ni Ibed. Will he force the queen allo ( laid Ahaluegus ) before a i | me in the houfe? Thele words rang his patsing-bell in the ii il ‘Court, and according to the Perfian fafhion they co- 2h cael veredhis face, putting himin a winding theet' that ve Raa ee was. dead in the Kings favour. The next news we i i | heat of him is; that by exchange Haman inherits the | " 'gibbe: of Mordecai,and Mordecai the houfe and great- | i, i neff of Haman, the decree againft the Jews-being ge-|" er | nerally reverfed. ia No ES a7, | i yen (SS. 2 2s a eR Ie | | ; f 7 | eee Chap. 3. The lfeof Card. Wolky. ” 249 | a Leal RN Tid See SSS ERS VANV PUTNEY ALUMNA LLL \\| THAT | THOMAS WOLSEY ArchBithop ‘of Yorke , 1 Chancelovr of England Cardinal and Legate de | sLaterc. He Died at L ciccher Abby Anno Dnt 15209. h of November , the 29" SSS = The life of Card. Wotrsey. . Mawr. Wolley was born at [p{wich in Suffolk, whofe father was a Butcher, and an * honeft |* Parentem man, and was there brought up at {chool, where after. |h*buit viram Probum ar la. wards he built a beautifull Colledge, From Ipfwich he nium, Pol. Vir went to Oxford, and from thence was preferred to be |” '“* 3 Schoolmafter to the Marques. of Dorfet’s children, where he firft learnt to be imperious over Noble bloud. By the ftairs of a Parfonage or two he cimbed = es ee up eee ——— ett te oe ee eo ee nee — 250 The Holy State. I A , Book LV. | up at laft into the notice of Fox, Bifhop of Winchefter, | and was received to be his Secretary. There was at that time afaction at Court betwixt} Bifhop Fox and Thomas Howard,Earl of Surrey. The Bifhop being very old was {carce able to make good his party ; yet it grieved him notfo much to ftoop to | Nature asto the Earl his Corrivall : wherefore nor} ’ | able to manage the matter himfelf, he was contentedto be the ftock whereon Wolfey fhould be gratted, whom he made heir to his favour, commending him to King Henrie the feventh for one fit to ferve a King, and command others: And hereupon he was enter- | tained at Court. | Soon aiter, when Henrie his fonne came to the Crown, Wolfley quickly found the length of his foot, land ' a eennsinmtn iene enna NES tender'd it: let him follow his fports, whileft Wolley would undertake every night briefly to reprefent unto him all matters of moment which had pafled the | Counfell-table. For Princes are to take State-affairs not inthe maffeand whole bulk of them, but onely the {pirits thereof skilfully. extracted. And hereupon the King referred all matters to Wolley’s managing, on whom he conferr’d the Bifhopricks of Durefme, Win- chefter, and York, with fome other {pirituall promo- tions. Nothing now hindred Wolfey’s profpect to overlook the whole Court but the head of Edward Stafford Duke of Buckingham, who was high in birth , ho- nour, andeftate. For as for Chatles Brandon,Duke of Suffolk, he ftood notin Wolfey’s way, but rather be- fides then againft him : Brandon being the Kings companion in pleafures, Wolley his counfellour in po- licy;Brandon Favourite to Henrie;Wolfey to the King. Wolfey takes this Buckingham to task, who ( other- wife a brave Gentleman ) was proud and popular,and that EEE OR NE na | fitted him with an eafie fhoe. He perlwaded _ |that it was good accepting of pleature whileft youth | yo er te ee ee | Chap. 3. The life of (ard. Wolley. fseecee chat tower is eafily undermin’d whofe foundation js: hollow.. His own folly with Wolley’s malice over. | \threw him. Vainglory ever lyeth at an open guard, | | and giveth much advantage of play to her enemies. | | Uhe Duke is condemned of high treafon, though ra-| | ther corrivall with the King for his Clothes then his | | Crown, being excefsively brave in apparell. | | The ax that kills Buckingham frights all others, who | | turn contefting intocomplying with our Archbifho | | now Cardinall, Legate a /atere, and Lord-Chancellour. |All the Judges ftood at the barre of his devotion. His | | difpleafure more feared then the Kings, whofe anger | | though violent was placable ; the Cardinalls of leffe | futie, but more malice : yet in matters of J udicature he | behaved himfelf commendably. I heare no widows| \ lighes, nor fee orphans tears in our Chronicles caufed by him : furein fuch cafes wherein his private ends |made him not a party, he was an excellent Jufticer, las being too proud to be bribed, and too {trong to be | overborn. Next he afpires to the Triple Grown ; he onely wants Holinetle, and muft be Pope. Yet was it a great labour fora ‘Tramountain to climbe over the A] ps to S. Peters Chair ; along leap from York to Romeand_| therefore he needed to take a good rife. Befides he ufed| Charles the fift, Emperour, for his ftaff, gold he gave) to the Romifh Cardinalls, and they gave him golden | promifes, fo that aclaft Wolley perceived, both the Emperour and the Court of Rome delay’d and delu- | ded him. | | | Heis no fox whofe den hath but one hole: Wolfley, | | finding this way ftopt, goes another way to work, and falls off to the French King, hoping by his help to ob- | at \tain his defires. However ifhe help not himfelf, he! | would hinder Charles the Emperours defignes - and | Lecvengs 1S a great preferment. Wherefore covertly ne | flecks to make a divorce betwixt Queen deers | Kk 2 Dowager, | a ; Nc F AOE oe cag ee SS eee ee EE SS ee SS a rt eee 2S ee ee SSS: SSS a ee ee Cire tides ened apr inm ae —— a = st Book Iv. een eerrennent 252 The Holy State. —_— a ; } _ sing ee Dowager,the Emperours Aunt, and King Henrie the ) ‘eighth his Matter. | ont | Queen Katharines age was above her Husbands, her | gravity above her age ; more pious at her beads ‘then pleafant in her bed, abetcer woman then a wile, ‘anda fitter wife for any Prince then King Henrie. | | Wolfley by his inftruments perlwades the King to put) ‘her away, pleading they were fo contiguous and near in kinred, they might not be made continuous ( one | flefh } in marriage, becaule fhe before had been wife to Prince Arthur the Kings brother. Befides, the King | | wanted a male heir, which he much defired. | Welcome whilperings are quickly heard. The King | -embraceth the motion :the matter is enter'd in the ‘Romifh Court, but long celayed ; the Pope firft mean- ing to divorce moft of the gold trom England in this tedious fuit. But here Woiley mifcarried in the Mafter- | piece of his policy. For he hoped upon the divorce of | King Henrie from Queea Katharine his wite ( which / with much adoe was effeSted ) to advance a marriage betwixt him and the King of France his filter, think- ing with their nuptial! ring to wed the King of France ‘eternally to himlelf, and mould him for farther de- fignes: whereas contrary to his expectation King Hen- ne fell in love with Anne Bullen ,a Lady whofe beauty ‘exceeded her birth ( though honourable ) wit her| beauty, piety all ; one forhis love not luft, fo that there was no gathering of green fruit from her ull marsiage| ‘had: ripened it : wheraipon the King took her to wile. | Not long after followed the ruine of the Cardinall, cauled by his own vitioulneffe, heightned by the envy ‘of his Adverfaries. He was caught ina Premunire for procuring to. be Legate de latere, and advancing the ‘Popes power againft the Laws of the Realm ; and + ree acs eight other Articles were framed againft him, for | tai : | which we report the Reader to our * Chronicles. The main OR er ee rr ees } ee. | i | i IE Se om ee et +e OT CAE OO TOO LIOTTA sg aterm ee a ae eee “- oa ON a mem ee " sities} Chap. 3. The life of Card. Wolke 253 : a E = ee ee main was, his B igo uw Rex meus. wherein | he remem- bred his sid profelsion of a . Schoolmatter, and forgot his prelent eftate of a Statefman. But as for fome | things laid to his charge, his friends plead, that where | potent malice is Promoter. the accufations fhall not | want proof though the proof may wanttruth. Well the broad feal was taken from him, and fome of his Ipi- | ' rituall Dealova Vee wasche ftill left Bifhop of | Winchelter, and Archbifhop of York, fo that the | Kings soodneffe hitherto might have feed rather to | eafe hich of burthenfome greatneffe, then to have de- | prived him of wealth or honour : which whether he | did out of love to Wolfey, or fear of the Pope, I inter- : | pole no op! inion. | Home now went Wolfley into Yorkthite. and lived | 'at his Mannour of Cawood, where he wanted nothing ‘the heart of man could delite for contentment. But | great minds count every place a prifon, which is not a | Kings Court; and juft it was that he which would not | fee nis own happinelfe, fhould therefore feel his own | mifery. He provided for his enttalling Archbifhop : State equivalent toa Kings Coronation, which his }ambition revived other of his mildemeanours sand by | | | command from the King he was ‘arrefted by the Eail | of Northumberland, and fo took his’ journeys up.to | |London. By the way his foul was rackt betwixt dif- | ferent tidings ; now hoyfed up with hope of pardon, | | then inftanel ly let down with news of the Kings at 'pleati ure, till at Leicefter his heart was broken with thefe | hidden and contrary motions. The Storie goes | chat he fhould breath out his foul with f peeches to this effe&t, Had I been as carefull to ferve the God of Heaven as I | | have to comply to the will of my- earthly King, God would not § nt have left mein mine old. age, as the otber hath rie | His body fwell'd after his death; as his mind did | whileft he was living, which with other fymptomes gave the fulpicion that he poyloned himfelf. Je will | K K 3 {uffice | | Ba ems = ee eee ee = = = er i ete a ee 2 ee ee en eewn eee eet ee One Cee ee — ee = —— —_——— 8 OE SN ee ee 7 et a eK a a A eee Tae 2 ee ee a LT eel ~ ee egg nee ae Teer ot SORES res es a EAE ee a ee "The Hol Stat. Boo k iV. | ’ | | ' ; | {uffice us to obferve, Ifa Great man much beloved | | dyeth fuddenly, the report goes that others poyloned | | him : Ifhe be generally hated, then that he poyloned | | himfelf. Sure never did a Great man fall with lefle pity. | | Some of hisown fervants withthe feathers they. got | | under him Hew to other Mafters. Mott of the Clergy | | ( more pitying his Profefsionthen Perfon) were glad | | that the. felling ofthis oke would caufe the growth of | much underwood. | | Let Geometricians meafure the vaftnefle of his mind | | by the footiteps of his Buildings, Chrift-Church | | White-Hall, Hampton-Coutt : And no wonder if | | fome of thele were not finifhed, feeing his lite was ra- | | ther broken off then ended. Sure King Henrie lived | | in two of his houfes, and lies now in the third, I mean | | his Tombe at Windfor. Ina word, in his prime he | | was the bias of the Chriftian world, drawing the | bowl thereof to what fide he pleated. | ' ’ | ; Cuap. 4. The life of Cuartes Branvon, Duke of Suffolk. Harles Brandon wasfonne to S‘. William Bran-| don, Standerd-bearer to King Henry the fea-| venth, in whofe quarrell be was {lain in Bolworth field . wherefore the King counted himfelf bound in | honour and confcience to favour young Charles, | whofe father {pent his laft breath to blow hith to the} haven. of victory, and cauled him to be brought up | | | | with Prince Henrie, his fecond fonne. | } | | aoe tee Te sae eS > The intimacy betwixt them took deep imprelsion in their tender years, which hardned with continu-| ance of time proved indeleble. It was advanced by the fympathy of their active (pirits( men of quick and | large-ftriding minds. loving to walk together ) not to | | fay, that the loofeneffe oftheir youthfull lives made them Pe ‘Chap.4, The lifeofCharles Brandon. 255 them the fafter friends. Henry, when afterwards K ing, | heaped honours upon him , created him Micoune. Lifle, and Duke of Suffolk. | Not long after fome of the Englith Nobility got | | leave to go to the publick Tilting in Paris, and there behav'd themfelves right valiantly, though the fullen | French would {carce {peak a word in their. praife. For | they conceived it would be an eternal impoverifhing | of the credit of their Nation, if the honour of the day | fhould be exported by foreiners. But Brandon bare a-. | way the credit from all, fighting at Barriers witha giant Almain, till he made an earth-quake in that | | mountain of Hefh, making him reel and * ftagger, and | * Hoviniea, | many other courfes at Tilthe performed to adanirati- |" *3 on. Yea, the Lords beheld him not with more envi- ous, then the Ladies with gracious eyes, who darted | more glaunces in love, then the other ranne fpears in| anger againit him; efpecially Mary the « French | Queen, and fifter to King Henry the eighth, who after- | ward proved his wife. | For after the death of Lewis the twelfth her husband, | King Henry her brother imployed Charles Brandon to | bring her over into England ; who improved his fer- | vice fo well that he got her good will to marrie her. Whether his affections were {o ambitious to climbe up | to her, or hers fo courteous as to defcend to him | ( who had been * twice a widower before) let youth- gaps Hie full pennes difpute it: it fufficeth us, both met toge- aisha ther. [hen wrote he in humble manner to requeft tr tos" 4a King Henries leave to marrie his fifter , but knowing |" that matters of this nature are never fure till finifhe, | and that leave is fooner gotto do {uch attempts when | done already , and wifely confidering with himfelf | that there are but few dayes in the Almanack, wherein | | fuch Marriages come in, and fubjeéts have opportunity to | wed Queens he firft married her * privately in Paris. * Holinfled, King Henrie after the acting of fome anger, and |"* * {hewing | g el ————————— ’ ete ee mmm cannes a EEG Ry ye I ne EN ST a eee > ee SRT ree © eer. | | * Sanderf.de Schi{mate Anglicano,p- 108, The Holy State. Book LV, | | fhewing fome ftate-difcontent, was quickly contented therewith ; yea the world conceiveth that he gave this: woman to be married to this man, in fending him on {uch an imployment. At Calis they were afterward re-mar-| ried, or if you will cheir former private marriage pub- | lickly folemniz’d, and coming into England liv’d | many years in honour and efteem, no lefle dear to his fellow-fubjeéts then his Sovereigne. He was often imployed Generall in Martiall affairs, efpecially in the warres betwixt the Englifh and French, though the greatelt performance on both fides was but mutuall indenting the Dominions each of other with in- rodes. | } When the div orce of King Henry from Queen Ka- tharine was fo long in agitation, Brandon found not himfelf a little agrieved at the Kings expence of time and money : for the Court of Rome in fuch matters, wherein money is gotten by delayes, will make no more {peed then the beaft in Brafil, which the Spani-. ards call Pigritia, which goes no farther ina fortnight then a man will caftaftone. Yea Brandon well per- ceived that Cardinall Campeius and Wolfey in their | Court at Bridewell, wherein the divorce was judicially handled, intended onely to produce a folemn No- thing, their Court being bur the clock fet according to the diall at Rome, and the inftru@tions received thence. Wherefore knocking on the table, in the pre- , fence of the two Cardinalls, he bound it with an oath, That lt was never well in England fince Cardinals had any thing to do therem : And from that time forward, as an ative infirument, he indeavoured the abolifhing of the Popes power in England. ie For he was not onely (as the Papifts complain * of | him ) a principall agent in that Parliament, Anno. 1534. | wherein the Popes fupremacy was abrogated, but alto | : amain means of the overturning of Abbeys, as con- | ‘celving that though the head was ftruck off,yet as long | as — — — - a ae - ee | 1ap. $. The wife State/man. eee 257 | aes: | as that neck and thofe fhoulders remained there would }be a continuall appetite of reuniting themfelves. | Herein his thoughts were more pure from the mixture of covetoufnefle then many other imployed in the fame fervice : For after that our eyes, jultly dazled at firft with the brightnefle of Gods Juftice on thofe viti- ous fraternities, have fomewhat recovered themfelves, they will ferve us to fee the greedy appetites of fome inftruments to feed on Church-morfels. | Helived and dyed in the full favour of his Prince, | ‘though as Cardinall Pool obferved, they who were higheft in this Kings favour, their heads were neareft danger. Indeed King Henrie was not very tender in cutting off that joynt, and in his Reigne the ax was \feldome wiped, before wetted again with Noble | bloud. He dyed Anno 1544. much beloved, and la- | mented of all, for his bounty, humility, valour, and all noble virtues, fince the heat of his youth | was tamed in his reduced age, and lies buried at Wind- | for. | C Hap. §. The wife State/man. O defcribe the Statefman at large, is the fubje@ os rather of a Volume then a Chapter,and is as farre | beyond my power, as wide of my profefsion. We will not lanch into the deep, but fatishe our felves to fail by the fhore, and briefly obferve his carriage to- wards God, his King, himfelf, home-perfons, and fo- rein Princes. Hie counts the fear of God the beginning of Wwifdome ; and | Maxime therefore efteemeth no project profitable, which is not | lawfull ; nothing politick, which crofleth piety. Let | not any plead for the contrary Hufhai’s dealing wich | Abfalom, which ftrongly favour'd of double-dealing ; for what is a queftion cannot be an argument , feeing Se the A a an rs RE ng we EE TT eT me to ; 258 nr ns a OOO The Holy State. Book IV. eee oe = denen amet —- eee | * Seneca de be- | mefic. (tb. 3. | 30. aoe >) et it IE EL a lO eR eee the lawfulneffe of his deed therein was never decided, and he is unwife that will venter the ftate of his foul on the litigious title of fuchan example: Befides, we mutt live by Gods precepts,not by the godlies practice. And though God cauleth fometimes the funne of fuc- ceffe to fhineas well on bad as good projects, yet commonly wicked actions end in f{hame at the laft. In giving counfell to his Prince, he had rather difpleafe then hurt bim. Plain-dealing is one of the daintieft. rarities can be prefented to fome Princes, as being novelty to them.alltimes of the yeare. The Philofopher could fay,* Quid omnia pofSidentibus deeft ? Ille qui verum atcat. Wherefore our Statefman feeks to undeceive his Prince from the fallacies of flatterers, who by their plaufible erfwafions have bolfter'd up their crooked countfells, to make them feem ftraight in the Kings eyes. Yet if diffenting from his Sovereigne, be doth it with all hu- mility and moderation. It is neither mannets nor witto croffe Princes in their game, much leffe in their ferious affairs. Yea, itmay be Rebellion ina fubject to give his Sovereigne loyall countell, if proceeding froma fpirit of contradiction and contempt, and uttered in audacious lan suage. What do thefe but give wholfome Phylfick, wrapt up in poyfoned papers ? He is constant, but not obstinate in the advice he gives. Some think it beneath a wife man to alter their opint- on: A maxime both falfe and dangerous. We know what worthy Father wrote his own Retra¢tation ; and it matters not though we go back from our word, {fo wego forwardin the truth and a found judgement. Such a one changeth not his main opinion, which ever was this, to embrace that courfe which upon mature deliberation fhall appear unto him the moft advifed. As for his carriage towards himfelf, He taketh an exact Jurvey of his own defects and perfecht- | 7 : : ' ons. As for the former, his weaknefles and infirmities he doth carefully and wifely conceal : fometimes he covers een ee ee eo ee ee se ets seeesseeennsteoth | Chap. 5. T he wife State/man. 259 | | covers them over with a cautious confidence, and pre- | | | | | fents a fair hilt, but keeps the {word in the fheath| | | which wanteth an edge. But this he manageth with | | i }much art, otherwile, being betray’d, it would prove | | moft ridiculous, and it would make brave mufick to | his enemies, to heare the hifsing of an empty bladder | when it is prick’d. = | Ets known perfeétions he feeks modestly to cloud and obfcure. | |tcis needlefleto fhew the funne fhining, which will | | break out of it elf. Not like our Phantafticks, who ha- | | ving a fine watch draw all occafions to draw it out to |be feen. Yea, becauife fometimes he concealeth his fut. | ficiency in fuch things, wherein others know he hath ability, he fhall therefore be thought at other times to have ability in thofe matters wherein indeed he wants it, men interpreting him therein rather modeftly to lietnneiilliee t Eeeeeee te LL diflemble, then to be defe@tive. Yee when jult occafi- |on is offer’d, he fhews his perfe€tions loundly, though |feldome, and then graceth them out to the beft advan. | f* | Tage. | In difcourfe he ts neither too free, nor overrefery'd, but ob- ’ | | jerves a mediocrity. His hall is common. to all comers, | but his clofet is lock’d. Generall matters he is as_Jibe. rall to impart, as carefull to conceal im portancies.Mo- derate liberty in {peech inviteth and provoketh liberty | to be ufed again, where a conftant clofenefle makes all] fifpect him : and his company is burthenfome that) liveth altogether on the expences of others,and will lay | out nothing himfelf. Yea,who will barter intelligence | with him, that returns no confiderable ware in ex-| change ? | Fle trusteth not any With a fecret which may endanger his) estate. For if he tells it to his fervant, he makes him his | matter ; if to his friend, he enables him to be a foe,and | to undo him at pleafure, whofe fecrecy he muft buy at) | the parties own price, and if ever he fhuts his purfe,the, : other opens his mouth. Matters of inferiour conle-| LJ 2 quence | . iii —_ Ren RT nets i aa a ta tee ree iota ae — teed Sa ee ener CO er ee on ee ee t et earner ees I te ae Le Ie 260 The Holy State. Book [V- | quence he will communicate to a faft friend, and crave | his advice : for two eyes fee more then one, though it be never fo big, and fet(as in Polyphemus ) in the mid- deft of the forehead. : | Hew carefull and provident in the managing of his private e- * Lib. 2.deof-| tare, Excellently * Ambrole, An idonewm putabo qui. mibt (fic. cap. ,12. hap es ] ah ; W TT | p *, ‘6 ( det confilium, qui non dat fii? Well may Princes itu pect | : hofe Statefmen not to be wife inthe bufinefle of the | | Common-wealth, who are fools in ordering their | own affairs.Our Politician, if he enlargeth not his own leftate, at leaft keeps it in good repair. As for avaricious courles, he difdaineth them. St Thomas More, though ‘fome years Lord-Chancellour of England, {carce lett *Sandeif-d \ his fonne * five and twenty pounds aycare mote then ag. 138. | his father left him. And S« Henrie Sidney ¢ father to : |S: Philip ) being Lord Prefident of Wales and Ireland, *Hemy Lho'd, Pot not * one foot of land in either Countrey, rather ning of bis feeking after the common good then his private pro- epee fic, I muft confeffe the laft age produced an Englifh |Statefman, who was the picklock of the cabinets of | forein Princes, who, though the wileft in his time land way, died poore and indebted to private men, ‘though not fo much as the whole Kingdome was in- debted to him. But fuch an accident is rare. anda (mall Hofpitall will hold thofe Statelmen who have impaired their means,not by their private carele{nefle, but carefulneffe for the publick. As for his carriage to- | wards Horhe-perfons, 10 He ftudieth mens natures, first reading the Title-pages of them by the report of Fame: but credits not Fames relati- ons tothe full. Otherwife, as in London-exchange ‘one fhall overbuy wares, who gives half the price at firft demanded, fo he that believeth the moity of Fame may believe too much. Wherefore to be ‘more accurate, | He reads the Chapters of mens natures ( chiefly his concur- vents and. competitowrs ) by the reports of their friends and foes, making anaes 9 of * Sander(. de it OEE Ee oe gS pe NE TNS | Chap. >. The wife Statefman. SBI 3 making allowance for: their engagements, not belie- ving all in the mafle, but onely what he judicioufly | extracteth. Yet virtues confell’d by their foes,and vi | Ces acknowledged by their friends, are commonly | true. Ihe beft intelligence, if ic can be obtained, is trom a fugitive Privado. | I But the moft legible Charatker and trueft Edition Wherem he| 12 |veads aman 1s in hw own occaftonall openings : And that in | thefe three cafes. é '- 1 When the party difclofes himfelf in his wine : for though it be unlawfull to practife onany to make them drunk, yet no doubt one may make a good ufe of another mans abufing himofelf. | What they fay of the herb Lunaria ceremoni- | oully gathered at fome fet times; that laid upon | any lock, it makes it flie open, is moft true of | drunkennefle, unbolting the moft important -{e- | crets. 2 When he difcovereth himfelf in: his pafsions. Phyficians to make fome {mall veins in their Pa- tients arms plump and full, chat they may fee them the better to let them bloud, ufe to put them into hot water : fo the heat of pafsion pre- fenteth many invifible veinsin mens hearts to the eye of the beholder ; yea the fweat of anger wafheth off their paint, and makes them appear in their true colours. 3 When accidentally they bolt one {peeches: un- awartes to themfelves. More hold is then to be taken of a few words cafually uttered, then of fet folemn f{peeches, which rather fhew mens arts | then their natures, as endited rather from cheif brains then hearts. The drop of one word may fhew more then the ftream of an‘whole oration, | and our Statelman by examining fuch fugitive | paflages ( which have ftollen on a'fudden’ out of the patties mouth) arrives at his beft intelligence. 28 soa ln ————— ~ — ss is eee a a ee a ne en ne eM eee ee a A Ce y so aerate ee areata, eae a ~— aaidined ee ee ee ee ee ee a ' | 13, In Conrt-factions he keeps him elf in a free neutrality. Other-| | wife to engage himfelf needleflely were both folly and ! i see te: danger. When Francis the firft, King of France, was | | confulting with his Captains how to lead his army | * Pere deLan=-| % + : | : ese thewe | over the Alpes into Italy, whether this way or that | certaintyof | way, Amarill his fool {prung out of a corner, where | things, lib. 2, | Y : < ; | fourthdifcourfe, he fate unfeen, and bade them rather take care which | way they fhould bring their army out of Italy back agai n. Thus is it eafie for one to intereft and embarque | himfelf in others quarrells, but much difficulty it is to be dilengaged from them afterwards. Nor will our Statefman entitle himfelf a party in any feminine difcords, knowing that womens jarres breed ) mens warres. CS oe Yet he counts neutrality profaneneffe in fuch matters Wherein | God, his Prince, the Church, or State are concern’d. Indeed, | Prov.26.17-| Fle that meddleth with frrife not belonging unto him 1s like one | that taketh adog bythe eares. Yet if the dog worrieth a fheep, we may, yea ought to refcue it from his teeth, and muft be champions for innocence when it is over- born with might. He that will ftand neuter in {uch matters of moment, wherein his calling commands him. to bea party, with Servilius in Rome, will pleale neither fide: Of whom the Hiftorian fayes, P. Ser- vilius medium Je gerendo, nec plebis vitayit odium, nec apud ‘Pa- tres gratiam mivit. And juft itis with God, that they fhould be ftrained. in the twift, who ftride fo wide as to fet their legs in two oppolite fides. Indeed an up- right fhoe may fit both teet, but never law I glove that would ferve both hands. Neutrality in matters of an indifferent nature may fit well, but never {uit well in important matters, of farre. different conditi- ons. 15 He is the centre wherein lines of intelligence meet from all foe | rein countreys. He is carefull that his outlandifh in- fiructions be full, true, and {peedy , not with the flug- gard telling for news at noone, that the funneis ri- | fen. Pe Ta a ee i EL TT TT TS ' ! a } ‘ ae EE ~~ ——= | 262 | LL OD EL LT OO eee Chap. 5. T he wi e State/man: eee ‘fen. But more largely hereof in the Embafladour, here- | afters | | | Fie refufeth all underhand penfions from forein Princes. ln-| 6. | deed honourary rewards received with the approbation | | of his Sovereigne may be lawful, and leffe dangerous. | | |For although even fuch gifts tacitly oblige him by | | way of gratitude to do all good offices to that forein | Prince whofe Penfioner he is ;yet his counfells paffe not but with an open abatement, in regard of his known engagements, and fo the State is armed a- gainft the advice of fuch, who are well known to) lean to one lide. But fecret penfions which flow from | forein Princes, like the river Anas in Spain, under ground, not known or difcerned, are moft mifchie- vous. [he receivers of fuch will play under-board at the Counfell-table , and the eating and digefting of {uch outlandifh food will by degrees fill their veins with outlandifh bloud, even in their very hearts. Fs Master-piece s in negotiating for hus own Mafter with 17 forem Princes. At Rhodes there was a contention be- twixt Apelles and Protogenes, corrivalls in the Myftte- ry of Limming. Apelles with his pencill drew a ve- ry {lender even line ; Protogenes drew another more {mall and {lender in the midft thereof with another colour : Apelles again with a third line of a different colour drew thorow the midft of that Protogenes had made, * Nullum relinquens amplins fubtilitati locum. Thus ie a our Statelman traverfeth matters, doubling and re. | cap. 10. doubling in his forein negotiations with the Po- liticians of other Princes, winding, and entrenching themfelves mutually within the thoughts each of o- ther, till at laft our State{man leaves no degree of fub- tlety to go beyond him. To conclude : Some plead that diflembling is Law- full in the State-craft, upon the prefuppofition that men muft meet with others which diffemble. Yea * hold, that thus to counterfeit, fe defendendo, againtt | : a | ; OT EE NY hunt — eee a a 264. The Holy State. Book [V. a crafty corrivall, is no finne,but a juft punifhment on our adverfary, who firft began it. And therefore States- men fometimes muft ufe crooked fhoes, to fit hurl’d feet. Befides, the honeft Politician would quickly be begger’d, if, receiving black money from cheatours, he payes them in good filver, and not in. their own coin | back again. For my part, | confeffe thatherein [ rather fee what then whither to flie : neither able to an{wer their arguments, nor willing to allow their practice. But what fhall [fay ? They need to have fteddy heads who can dive into thefe oulfs of policy, and come out with afafe confcience. Ile look no longer on thele whirl-pools of State, left my pen turn giddy. - — ———— — ——_—— eee con ——_.__— ee Ch. 6. The ifeof W.Cecl L- Burlegh, 265) LC teeta ~ ss ene rie ee SS § ANAS i sy ‘ \ |] WILLIAM CECIL Baron of B urgieigh & Lord Treaturer of England. He dyed Anno 16 ‘98. Aged 77 yeares.. WAMarfhall feulp- If \\l CHuar. 6. The life of William Cecil Lord Burleigh. illiam Cecil born at Bourn in Lincolnfhire, W defcended from the ancient and worfhipfull | Family of the Sitfilts or Cecils of Alterynnis in Here. tordf{hire, on the confines of Wales ;a name which a great“ Antiquary thinks probably derived from the’ : Romane Cecilii, No credit isto be given to their pens, | Si red who tax him with meannefle of birth, and whofe ma- | =a eee is fo generall againft all goodnefle, that ithad been\" M m a ee ne LL. eee ———————————— ee eninle | 266 Lhe Holy State. Book IV.| a {lander if this worthy man had not been flandred by | them: The fervant is not above his mafter . and we know what afperfions. theit_malice fought to caft on ‘the Queen her.felf 5 ew Se He being firft -bredan S. rFohns Colledge in Cam- | bridge, went thence'to Grayesiaine (and ufed it as an Inne indeed tidying there in his Paflage to the Court) where he attatned good learning 1n the Laws : yet his We | | skill in fencing made hint not daring to quarrell, who ys + cambd. Ei! in all his life-time’ heither* {ued any, nor was fied Re lt teal nimfelf, He was.after. Mafter of the Requefts (the firft | that ever bare that office.) unto the Duke! of Sommer- ‘fer, Lord Protectouty and was knighted by ‘King Ed- Bie the fixth, © ee pe acta © «g.jomHay-\ One * challengeth him to have been.a main contri- wardin bis | oO : ee fay Wiggs r ia Edward fxth,\ ver of that act, and unnaturall will of King Edward rT | che fixth, wherein the King pafsing by his filters, Ma- rie and Elizabeth, entailed the Crown on Queen Jane. land that he furnifhed that.aét with reafons of State, as | Judge Montague filled it with arguments of Law. In- deed his hand wrote’ it, as ‘Secretary of State, but his an jut | heart confentéd ‘not thereta.,-yeahe openly * oppoled ) it, though atlaft -yieldingto.-the sreatnelle of Nor- | thumberland in-an age wherein it was prelent drown- ing, not to’{wim along with the ftream. But as the eS * Philofopher tells us,that though the Planets be whir- | 4a & 10. led about daily from Eaft to Weft by the motion of \the Primum mobile, yet have they allo a contrary proper | motion of their own, from Weft to Eaft, which they lowly yet furely move at their leifures : fo Cecill had fecret counter-endeavours againft the ftrain of the Court herein, and privately advanced his righttull in- tentions againft the forefaid Dukes ambition ; and we (ee that afterward Queen Marienot onely pardoned ‘but employ’d him ; fo that towards the end of her reigne he ftood in fome twilight of her favour. As for S'Edward Montague Lord chief Juftice, what tee ee -=- = — eee eee rs el ee a ene Se TEES TS ee ICh. 6. The lifeof W. Cecil L. Burleigh. 26 Tt ak) : | what he did was by command againft his own will, | as appears by his written proteftation at his death, {till |in the hands of his honourable pofterity. But whileft | |in this army of offenders, the Nobility in the front made an elcape for themfelves, Queen Maries difplea- | | {ure overtook the old Judge in the rere, the good old | | man being not able with fuch {peed to. provide for | himfelf ; yea though he had done nothing but by ge- nerall confent and command,the reft of the Lords laid | load on him, defirous that the Queens anger fhould | fend him on anerrand tothe prifon, and thence to | ‘the {caffold,to excufe themfelves from going on the | fame meflage. However, after fome imprifonment | [he was pardon’d , a futticient argument, that the | | Queen conceived him to concurre pafsively in that action. In Queen Elizabeths dayes he was made Secretary of State,Mafter of the Wards,Lord Treafurer,and at laft after long fervice Baron of Burleigh. For the Queen honoured her honours in conferring them {paringly, thereby making Titles raore fubftantiall, wherewith {he payed many for their fervice. The beft demonftra- tion of his care in ftewarding her Treafure was this, | that the Queen, vying gold and filver with the King of Spain, had money or credit, when the other had neither; her Exchequer, though but a pond in compa- rilon,holding water, when his. river, fed with a {pring | from the Indies, was dreined dry. In that grand faction betwixt Leicefter and Suffex,he /meddled not openly, though ‘tis eafie to tell whom he wifh’d the beft to. Indeed this cunning Weeltler wotild never catch hold to grapple openly with Lei- celter (as having lomewhat the difadvantage of him both in height and ftrength ) but as they ran to their | | feverall goles, if they chanced to meet,Burleigh would | | fairly give hima trip, and be gone, and the Earl had | $$$ tlre ‘ Many a.rub laid.in his way, yet never faw who put it | i there. Mm 2 Lis | | seaeemanmememeee ene — oa a a a ee cc ~ alilill ab aat e tey tana tama emer . - ~~ ———— we =u .) tithe ctniee | * cambden. Elizab. Ann) 1579 } } i ae —— EE _ | blifhed by Law, he ufled to advile his eldeft fonne The Holy State. Book IV. Tis true, the Sword-men accul’d him as too cold in the Queens credit, and backward in fighting againft forein enemies. Indeed he would never engage the State in a warre, except necelsity, or her Majetties ho- nour, founded the alarm : But no reafon he fhould be counted am enemie to the Sparks of Valour, who was fo carefull to provide them fewel,and pay the Souldier. Otherwife, in vain do the brows frown, the eyes {par- | kle, the tongue threaten, the fift bend, and the arm ftrike, except the belly be fed. The Queen reflected her favour highly upon him, counting him both her Treaturer, and her principall 'Treafure. She would caufe him alwayes to fit down | in her prefence, becaufe troubled with the gout, and ufed to tell him: My Lord, we make much of you, not for your bad legs, but for your good head. This caufed him to be much envied of fome great ones at Court ; and at one time no fewer then the* Marquefle of Winchelter, Duke of Norfolk, Earls of Arundel, Northumber- land, Weftmerland, Pembroke and Leicefter combi- ning againft him, taking advantage about his makin over fome moneys beyond fea tothe French Prote- ftants , and on fome other occafions ; 5‘ Nicholas Throgmorton advifed them firft to clap him up in prifon, faying, that if he were once fhut up, men would cpen their mouths to {peak freely againft him. But the Queen underftanding hereof, and ftanding, as I may fay, inthe very prilon-doore, quath’d all | their defignes, and freed him from the mifchief pro- jected againft him. | He was a good friendto the Church, as then efta- — eal Thomas never to beftow any great coft, orto build any great houfe onan Impropriation, as fearing the foundation might fail hereafter. A Patron to both Univerfities, chiefly to Cambridge, whereof he was Chancellour , and though Rent-corn, firft grew in the head 3 LL CLC CL tnt yy Ch.6. Lhe life of VV. Cecil L. Burleigh. 269 eee eee oso $$ OO a head of St Thomas Smith, it was ripened by Burleighs alsiftance, whereby though the rents of Colledges ftand ftill, their revennues increate. | No man was more pleafant and metry at meals | and he had a pretty wit-rack in himfelf, to. make the | dumbe to {peak, to draw {peech out of the moft fullen | * oetoman in and *filent gueft at his table, to fhew his difpofition | fritisiou in any point he fhould propound. For forein incelli- cela gence, though he traded fometimes on the ftock of Se- | #4 be: nat cretary Walfingham, yet wanted he not a plentifull —— bank of his own. Atnight when he put off his gown, he ufled to fay, Lie there , Lord Treafurer, and bidding | adieu to all State-affairs, difpofed himfelf to his quict| reft. | Some looking on the eftate he left, have wondered | that it was fo great, and afterwards wondred = that it was fo little, having conlidered what Offices he had, and how long he enjoyed them.His harveft lafted every day for above thirty years together, wherein he allowed fome of his fervants the fame courtefie Boaz ranted to Ruth, to glean even among the fheaves,and tofuffer fome handfulls alfoto fall on purpofe for them, whereby they raifed great eftates. | To draw to a conclufion: There arofe a great quefti- | on in State, whethet warre with Spain fhould be con- | tinued, or a peace drawn up? ‘The Sword and Gown-| men brought weighty arguments on both fides, | ftamping alfo upon them with their private interefts, | to make them more heavy : Burleigh was all againit, watre, now old, being defirous to depart in peace, both private in his Confcience, and publick in the State. But his life was determined before the queftion was fully decided. In his fickneffle the Queen often vi- fited him, a good plaifter to aflwage his pain, but un- able to prolong his life , fo that, Cum fatis nature, fatisque glorié;patrie autem non fatis VIXiff et, in the feventy levench “yeare of his'age, Aino 1598. he exchanged this | Mm 3 life | a ee ee ee 2S SS SE SSRN TINEA x LO ADIL Ct aay et ttt Me eae? 270 The Holy State. Book IV. | Se \ life for a better. God meafured his outward happinefle | Not by an ordinary ftandard: How many great Under- ‘takers in State fet in a cloud, whereas he fhined to the | Jaft > Herein much isto be afcribed to the Queens| conftancy, who to confute the obfervation of Femi-| nine ficklenefle, where her favour did light it did| lodge ; more to his own temper and moderation, | whereas violent & boyfterous meddlers in State cripple themfelves with aches in their age ; moft to Gods | goodnefle, who honoureth them that honour him.'! | He faw Thomas his eldeft fonne richly married to an | | | honourable coheir ; Robert, able to ftand alone in | Court, having a competent portion of favour, which he knew thriftily to improve, being a pregnant proh- cient in State-difcipline. eee — OF eee The good Fudge. | | * Libs meaph T He good Advocate, whom we * formerly defcri- : | bed, is fince by his Princes favour, and own de- | ferts, advanced to be a Judge : which his place he free-| -* nolten iasis |ly obtained with S'. Auguftine “ Nicolls, whom King) hog mee” | Tames ufed to call the Fudge that would give no money. O-| therwife they that buy Juftice by wholefale, to make | : themfelves {avers mult fell ic by retail. | | Maxime | He is patient and attentive in hearing the pleadings on both | fides. and hearkens to the witnefles, though tedious. | He may givea waking teftimony who hath but a : | dreaming utterance ; and many countrey people) mutt be impertinent, before they can be pertinent, and | cannot give evidence about an hen, but firft chey muft begin with it in the egge. All which our Judge is con- | tented to hearken to. | | 2 He meets not ate[timony half-way, but fiayes till it come at | him. He that proceeds on half-evidence, will not do quarter-juftice. Our Judge will not go ull heis lead. | ’ If BEE rool TE oe eee Fa BR et | Chap. 7, The good Judge. 271 ann i ‘If any fhall brow-beat a pregnant witnefle,on purpofe | ‘to make his proof mifcarry, he checketh them, and helps the witnefle chat labours in his delivery. On the | other fide, he nips thofe Lawyers, who under a pre- | tence of kindnefle to lend a witnefle fome words, give | him new matter,yea clean contrary to what he intend- led. | Having heard with patience, he gives Jentence with upright- 3 | nefje. For when he put on his robes, he put off his re- lations to any ; and like Melchifedech becomes with- | out pedigree. His private affeGtions are {wallowed up | in the common canfe, as rivers lofe theirmames in the ocean. He therefore allows no noted favourites, which cannot but caufe multiplication of fees,and {ulpicion of by-wayes. He filences that Lawyer who Jeeks to fet the neck of a bad 4 caufe, once broken with a definitive fentence ; and caufeth that contentious fuits be {pued out, asthe furfets of Courts. He fo hates bribes, that he ts jealows to receive any kindneffe 5 above the ordinary proportion of frtend/hip ; left like the Ser- | mons of wandring Preachers, they fhould end in beg- | ging. And furely Integrity is the proper portion of a | | Judge. Men have a touch-ftone whereby to try gold, : but gold is the touch-ftone whereby to trie men. It was afhrewd gird which Catulus gave the Romane Judges for acquicting Clodius a great maletactour, when he met them going home well attended with Officers , You do well ( quoth he) to be well * guarded for eee pe fafety, lest the money be taken away from you, you took for | pag, 87. bribes. Our Judge alfo detefteth the trick of Mendicant Friers, who will touch no money themielves, but | have a boy with a bag to recetve it for them. IWhen he fits upon life, mm judgement he remembreth mercy. Then (they fay) a butcher may not be of the Jurie, | | re re es me = ee — a much leffe let him be the Judge. Oh let him take heed ‘how he ftrikes, that hath a dead hand. It was the | charge | } ' sa crnidctinee eee esnneinstne aE o.<— eam mem 2°72, The Holy State. Book IV. | charge Queen Marie gave to Judge Morgan, chief} Juftice of the common Pleas ,that notwithftanding the * Holinfhed in| old * errour amongft Judges did not admit any wit- eee neffe to {fpeak, or any other matter to be heard in fa- | vour of the ‘adverfary, her Majeftie being party yet | her Highnefle pleafure was that whatfoever could be | | brought in the favour ofthe Subject fhould be admit- | | ted afid heard. | 7 | — If the caufe be difficult his diligence is the greater to fift it out. | For though there be mention, Pfal. 37. 6. of righteoul- | nefleas clearas the noon-day, yet God forbid that thas innocency which is no clearer then twilight fhould be condemned. And feeing ones oath com- | mands anothers life, he fearcheth whether malice did not command that oath : yet when allis done, the | Judge may be deceived by falfe evidence. But blame not the hand of the diall, if ic points ata falfe houre, when the fault’s inthe wheels of the clock which di- rect it, and are out of frame. 8 The fentence of condemnation he pronounceth with all gravity. "Tis beft when fteep’din the Judges tears. He avoid: eth all jefting on men in milery:eafily may he put them i out of countenance, whom he hath power to put out | of life. 9 Such as ave unworthy to live,and yet wnfitted to die,he provides {hall be instruéted. By Gods mercy, and good teaching, the reprive of their bodies may get the pardon of their fouls, and one dayes longer life for them here may procure a bleffed eternity for them hereafter, as may appear by this memorable Example. It happened a- bout the yeare one thoufand five hundred and filtie {1x ude) inthe town of * Weiflenftein in Germany that a Jew vit. Jac..dn- | for theft he had comitted, was in this cruell manner to | areesPt& 639! be executed : He was hang’d by-the feet with his head | downwards betwixt two dogs, which conftantly | i : {natch d and bit at him. The ftrangenefle of the tor-| | ment moved Jacobus Andreas ( a grave, moderate, | and | et 9 tn a as — a I ~ ‘ _ —— j ies I tie , : i A tt ect — eee | C hap. a. The good Fudge. 272 ‘and learned Divine as any In that age )to go to be- | : hold ic. Coming thither he found the poore wretch, | ias he hung, repeating Verfes out of the Bebrew | | Pfalmes, wherein he cryed out to God for mercy. Andreas hereupon took occafion to. counfell him to ‘truftin Jefus Chrift the true Saviour of mankind : | |The Jew embracing the Chriftian Faith, requefted but | ‘this one thing, that he might be taken down and be | baptized, though prefently after he were hanged again | |( but by the neck as Chriftian malefa@ours {uffered ) | | which was accordingly vranted him. Fie ts exact to do zuftice in civill Suits betwixt Sovereigne 10 |and Subject. This will mot Ingratiate him with his | Prince at laft. Kings neither are, can; nor fhould be | | Lawyers themfelves, by reafon of higher State-em- | ' ptoyments, but herein they fee with the eyes of their | which (1 point of Law ) fhall be found to have de. | ceived them. | Fe counts the Rules of State and the Laws of the Realm muz it | tually upport each other. Thofe. who made the Laws to be not onely difparate, but even oppofite terms to maximes of Government, were true friends neither to |Laws nor Government. Indeed Says Reip. is Charta | maxima : extremity makes the next the bef? remedy. Yet ‘though hot waters be good to be given toone ina | {wound,they will burn his heart out who drinks them | conftantly, when in health. Extraordinary courfes are not ordinarily to be ufed, when not enforced by abfo- : ‘lute necefsity. | _ And thus we leave our good Judge to receive a juft teward of his integrity from the Judge of Judges, at | the great Afsize of the world. | Judges, and atlaft will break thofe falfe {pectacles } Se = tet aaa 2 ——— | 274 T he Holy State. Book IV. ne re ee eee ET | Coward. The life of S’. Joun Marxuam. Ohn Markham was born at Markham in Notting- hamfhire, defcended of anancient and worthy fa- milie. He employed his youth in the ftudying of the |Municipall Law of this realm, wherein he attained to {uch eminencie, that King Edward the fourth Knight- ed him, and made him Lord chiet* Juftice of the Kings Bench in the place of St John’ Fortefcue, that learned and upright Judge, who fled away with King Henrie the faxth. Yet Fortefcue was not mifl’d, becaufe Markham fucceeded him : and that lofle, which otherwife could ‘not be repair’d, now could not be perceiv'd. For though thefe two Judges did feverally lean to the fides of Lancafter and York, yet both fate uprightan matters of Judicature. We will inftance and infift on one memorable a& of our Judge, which though fingle in it felf, was plu- ‘rallan the concernings thereof. And let the Reader | 2 ss | Edwardi. 4. | | | * 3. Mai... know, that I have not been carelefle to fearch, though unhappy not to find, the originall Record, perchance abolithed on purpofe, and filenced for telling tales to | the difgrace of great ones. We muft now be contented | | ‘to write this Story out of the Englifh Chronicles: * Fabian, pag. * : a fe : ; . : aeoaee and let him die of drougth without pity, who will Lnfbed as. | not quench his thirft at the river, becaufe he cannot 0,.and Stow | ; Bee» of Ede come at the fountain. aa | King Edward the fourth having married into the (family of the Woodvills (Gentlemen of more anti- | | quity then wealth, and of higher {pirits then fortunes ) | [thought it fit for his own honour to beftow honour | /upon them : Buthe could not foeafily provide them | | of wealth, as titles. For honour he could derive from | himielf, like light from acandle, without any dimi- ee nifhing AS Te SE ea a — ae eee Chap. 8. The hfe of S* john Markham. 275 nifhing of his own luftre ; whereas wealth flowing! from him, as water froma fountain, made the {pring | the fhallower: Wherefore he refolved to cut down fome prime fubjects, and to engraff the Queens kin- | red into their eftates, which otherwife like fuckers | mutt feed on the ftock of his own Exchequer. | There was at this time one S'. Thomas Cook, late | Lord Maior of London, and Knight of the Bath, one | who had welllick’d his fingers under Queen Margaret ( whofe Wardroper he was, and cuftomer of Hamp- | ton )a man ofa great eftate. It was agreed that he | fhould be accufed of high Treafon, and a Commifsion of Oyer and Terminer granted forth to the Lord Maior, the Duke of Clarence, the Earl of Warwick the Lord Rivers, S'. John Markham, S". John Fogg, &c. to try him in Guild Hall: And the King by pri- |vaté inftructionsto the Judge appear’d fo farre, that Cook, though he was not, muftbe found guilty, and \if che Law were too fhort, the Judge mult ftretch it to the purpole. The fault laid to his charge was for lending moneys : i } ) j FL POSS SS Ce ee er ese ietterrieenstruneeenennnetrernee _ ee ee es re to Queen Margaret, wite to King Henrie the faxth . the roof, was the confelsion of one Hawkins who being rack’d in the Tower had contefled- fo much. The Counfell for the King, hanging as much weight on | the fmalleft wier as. it would hold, aggravated each | particular, & by their Rhetorical Hathes blew the fault} up toa great height. S* Thomas Cook pleaded for himfelf} that Hawkins indeed upon a feafon came to | him, and requefted him to lend one thoufand marks, | upon good fecurity. But he defired firftto know for whom the money fhould be: and underftanding it | was for Queen Margaret, denyed to lend any money, | though at laft the faid Hawkins defcended fo low as to, require but one hundred pounds, and departed with- | out any peny lent him. | | Judge Markham in a grave {peech did recapitulate, Nn 2 felect | — ail OT, -- ~~ - ee re ee ——— i = Jk Nag ee et te ee ee The Holy State. Book IV. a NN — — a ne + — nae nee feleg ind collate the’ materiall points « on \batleee lide, me that the pi roof reached not the charge a |high Treafon, and milprifion of Treafon was the higheft it could amount to,and intimated to the Ju- ‘tie, to be tender in matter of life, and dilcharge good | con{ciences. ) The Jurie being wife men ( whofe apprehenfions could make up an “whol fentence of every nod of the | | Judge ) faw it behoved them to draw up Trealon | ‘into as narrow a compaffe as might be, left it became | their own cafe . for they lived in a tr cubicle world, wherein the cards were fo fhuftled, that two Kings | were turn d up trump at once, which amazed men \ how to play their games. Whereupon they acquitted ithe ie: of high Treafon, and found him guilty, |as the Judge directed. | Yet it colt S'Thomas Cook, before he could get [his libertie, eight hundred pounds to the Queen, and eight thouland pounds to the King: A fumme in | that age more founding like the ranfome of a Prince, \ then the fine of a i ti Befides, the Lord Rivers |( the Queens Father ) had, during his Imprifonment, |delpoyled his houles, one in the city, another in the ‘countrey of plate and furniture, for which he never re- ceived a penie recompence. Yet God righted hinvof the wrongs men did him, by blefsing the remnant of |his eftate to him, and. his polterity, which ftill flourifh at Giddy Hall in Effex. | As forS' John Markham, the Kings difpleafure fell e. heavy on him, that he was outed of his place, and S‘ Thomas Billing putin his room, though the one oft that Office with more honour then the other }gotit; and gloried in this, that though the King could make him no Judge, he could not make him ‘no upright Judge. He lived privately the reft of his |dayes, having ( befides the eftate got by his praétice) | fair lands by} Margaret his wife, daughter and coheir CO 4 LT OOO OT _ euihateeeeenene aenee ete —— ~~ —-—————- — ee eS crete ee RD SS Chap. 9. The good Bifhop. — IR A IE , Ss ‘oncom: steticiieiNasune sca: 4 277 !to St Simon Leak * of Cotham in Nottinghamfhire. | * 24/tous e’- | se . ) | eefterfhire, page |whofe Mother Joan was daughter and heir of} 577. ‘Se John Talbot, of Swannington in Leicefter. | fhire. ' SS eee The good Bifhop. | E Eis an Overieer of a Flock of Shepherds, asa Minuifter is of a Flockof Gods fheep.Divine pro- vidence and his Princes bounty advanced him to the | Place, whereof he was no whit ambitious : Onely he counts it good manners to fit there where God hath placed him, though it be higher then he conceives himfelfto deferve, and hopes that he who call’d him to the Office hath or will in fome meafure fit him for it. Hiss life is fo {otleffe, that Malice ts angry with him, becaufe fhe cannot be'angry with him : becaule fhe can find no juft caufe to accufe him. And as * Diogenes confutedthim who denyed there was any motion, by faying no- thing but walking before his eyes ; fo our Bifhop takes no notice of the falfe acculations of people difaffeéted againft his order,but walks on circum|peétly in his calling, really refelling their cavils by his converlation. A Bi- fhops bare prefence at a marriage in his own diocefle,is by the Law interpreted for a licence , and what actions foever he graceth with his company, he is conceived to priviledge them to be lawfull, which makes him to be more wary in his behaviour. 7 | With his honour, bus holine/fe and humility doth increafe. His } 2 | teat Place makes not his piety the lefle : farre be it | from him that the glittering of the candleftick fhould | dimme the fhining of his candle. The meaneft Minifter of Gods word may have free accelle unto him :wholo- | lever brings a good caule brings his own welcome iwith him. The pious poore may enter in at his wide | | Nn 3 gates, , LO OO | Cuar, 9. Maxime t “Diogen.Laert, | Uib.6. pag.212, ia Vit. Diogents. ee ee AAA errata aE a ee “ = | ee cee em ae | | fe | | | | ' A | 278 | * Reinold. de | Idol. Rom. | Eccles. E pift. | dedicat. ee | * Concil.To'e> | tan. 2. Cap. 2. | Tom. 4. pag. | 820. Concil. | Constant. 6, Can.19.Tom. | | 5. pag. 328, Concil. Aurel. Cdn. 33. pag. 722.and late- ly,Concil Tri- deat.Sef]. 24. Gan. 4 t { RN ck A sien” at ng The Holy State. Book iV. ee gates, when not fo much as his wicket fhall be open i | to. wealthy unworthinefle. | | Fe ts diligent and faithfull in preaching the Gojpel > either | : by his pen, Evangelizo manu ¢> (criptione, faith a {trict} | * Divine ; or by his vocall Sermons ( if age and other indifpenfable occafions hinder him not) teaching the Clergie to preach, and the Laity to dive, according to. the ancient * Canons. Obje& not thar it is unfitting he ' fhould lie Perdue, who is to walk the round, and that | Governing as an higher employmentis to filence his | Preaching : For Preaching 1s a principall part ot Go- | verning and. Chrift himfelf ruleth his Church by his | Word. Hereby Bifhops fhall govern hearts, and make | men yield unto them atrue and. willing obedience, _ reverencing God in them. Many in confumptions | have recover’d their healths by returning to their na- | tive aire wherein they were born : If Epifcopacy be in | any declination or diminution of honour, the going back to the painfulneffe of the primitive Fathers in Preaching, is the onely way to repair it. Painful, pious, and peaceable Minifters are bys principal Fa- vourites. If he meets them in his way (-yea he will make it his way to meet them) he beftoweth all grace and luftre upon them. Fle is carefull that Church-cenfures be justly and folemnly in- fliéted : namely, 1 Admonition, when the Church onely chideth,but with the rod in her hand. 2 Excommunication, the Mittimus whereby the Maletfactour is {ent to the gaolour of hell, and deli- vered to Satan. 3 Aggravation, whereby for his greater contempt, he is removed out of the gaoleinto the dunge- on. 4 Penance, which is or fhould be inward repen- tance, made vifible by open confelsion, whereby | the Congregation 1s fatisfied for the publick of-| fenfe given her. 5 Abfolution | ——— | | | ——— iniiade aoe The good Bifhop. 279 5 Abfolution, which fetcheth the penitent out of | hell, and opens the doore of heaven for him, which Excommunication had formerly lock’d,| and Aggravation bolted againtt him. | As much as lies in his power, he either prevents or corrects thofe too frequent abules, whereby offenders : are not * prick’ d to the heart, but let bloud in the purfe ; | *4#* *37. and when the Court hath her cofts, the Church hath | no damage given her, nor any reparation tor the open {candall fhe received by the parties offence. Let the | memory of Worthy Bifhop Lake ever furvive, whofe | hand had the true feafoning of a Sermon with Law) and Golpel, and who was moft fatherly grave in in-| Hicting Church-cenfures : Such offenders as were un- | happy in delerving, were happy in doing penance in | his prefence. | | He is carefull and happy+in Jupprefsmg of Hlerefies and) 6 Schifmes. He diftinguifheth of Schilmaticks, as Phifiei- | ans do of Leprous people: Some are infectious, * o- ait hee hers not; Some are activeto feduce others, others 7” mem | quietly enjoy their opinions in their own con{ciences. | ¥- | ‘The latter by his mildnefle he eafily reduceth to the truth . whereas the Chirurgeons rigourously handling it, often breaks that bone quite off, which formerly — — Chap, 9. a . ee eee A —_ ee Eee was.but out of joynt: Towards the former he. ufeth | more feverity, yet endeavouring firft to inform him aright, before he punifheth him. To ufe torce farft be- fore people are fairly taught the truth, 1s to knock a | nail intoa board, without wimbling a hole for it, which then either not: enters, or turns crooked, or {plits the wood it pierceth. He is very mercifull in punifhing offenders , both in mat- 7 ters of life and livelyhood, feing in S. Johns Language he fame word * Bis fignifies both. He had rather draw tears, then bloud. It was the honour of the Ro-, %"* *_ | mane State, as yet being Pagan, * In hoc glortars licet, nulls Sar oe ssi | Gentium mutiores placuif]e ponas : Yea for the firft feventy | years | See EEO ALLL LLL OR LL A —e ae em me * Iobn. 3 17. 280 The Holy State. Book IV. | years till the reigne of Ancus Adinitais ) they were| without a prifon. Clemency therefore in .a Chriftian | Bifhop is moft proper: O let not the Starres of our Chur ch | be herein turn’d to Comets, whofe appearing in place | of judicature prelageth to svete death or deftruction: I | conteffe that even Juftice it felf is a kind of mercy: But | God grant that my portion of mercy be not paid me in ) that coin. And though the higheft deteftation of finne| | beft agreeth with Clerg y-men, yet ought they to calt a | | | fevere eye on the vice and example, and a merciful | | | eye on the perfon. | ee None more forward to forg give a Wrong done to himfelt. Wor-| * Camba. Eli- | eae ee Archbifhop * Whitgil t interceded to aaa Fliza-| xab.in duno | | 1588. p. 538, | beth for remitting of heavie fines laid on fome of his. | ) | Adverfaries ( learning from Chrift his Mafter to bea | | mediatour for them ) till his importunity had angred | ithe Queen, yeaand till his importunity had pleal’ PY her | : again, and gave not over till he got them to be forgi-| | ven. : 9 He ws very ca efull on whom he layeth hands in Ord dination ; | | left afterwards he hath juft caufe to befhrew his Ai. | gers, and with Martianus,a Bifhop of Conftantino -| | ple ( who made Sabbatius a Jew and a turbulent man_/| Prieft ) wifh he had then rather laid his hand onthe wep af. io, | b¥iers, then fuch a mans head. For the —— of gs Scholarfhip he goeth by his own eye ; but for their 5. Caps ac, | honett life, he is o— ed by other mens ‘bands: which | would not fo oft deceive him, were Teftimonialls a ‘matter of lefle courtefie and more confcience. For | whofoever fub{cribes them enters into bond to God | and the Church, under an heavy forfeiture, to avouch | ithe honeftie of the party commended . and, as Judah| for Benjamin, they become fwreties for the young man unto’ his father. Nor let them think to void the Band and | make it but a blank with that claufe, fo farre for th as we | |know, or words to the like effect : For what faith the | : | | Apoftle ? God 1s not mocked. | } Hi I LT RE EIT ET TT ao i re “Chap. 9. . The good Bifhop. | | He meddleth as little as may be with Temporal matters : ha-| | ving little skill in them, and lefle willto them. Not | | that heis unworthy to manage them, but they un-| | worthy to be managed by him. Yea generally the | | moft dexterous in {pirituall matters are left-handed in | | temporall -bufinefle, and go but untowardly about. ; ' As I | * Fanervall ithem. Wherefore our Bifhop, with reverend * An- sem or him 251 wr O tt ; ? | drews, meddleth little in civil affairs, being.out of hts profe/Sion | Paks ¥9. | and element. Heaven is his vocation, and therefore he| | counts earthly employments avocations :except in fuch | cafes which lie (as I may fay ) in the Marches of Di- | vinity,and have connexion with his calling, or elfe when temporall matters meddle with him, fo that he muft rid them out of his way. Yet he rather admireth then condemneth fuch of his brethren, who are ftrengthned with that which would diftraci him, ma- king the concurrence of {pirituall and temporall pow- er in them fupport one another, and ufing worldly bu- finefle as their recreation to heavenly employment. If call'd to the Court he there doth all good offices, betwixt Prince and people, ftriving to remove all mifprifions & difaftections,& advancing unity and concord. They that think the Church may flourifh-when the Com- mon-wealth doth wither may as well conceive that the brains may be found when pia mater is perifhed. | When in. the way of a Confeffour he privately tells his | }Prince of his faults, he knows by Nathans parable, to go the neareft way home by going farre about. | He improves his power with his Prince for the Churches good, | in maintaining both true religion and the maintenance | thereof . left fome pretending wath pious Ezechiah to beat down the brazen ferpent,the occafion of Idolatry, | do indeed with facrilegious Ahaz takeaway the bra-! zen bulls from the Laver, and fet it on a pavement of ftone. He jointly advanceth the pains and gains, the work and wages of Minifters, which going together make a flourifhing Clergy, with Gods blefsing, and! without mans envy. Ovo His Content eS a re nr eee ; I T oy ; | | | ! . en en er is a “ rate rte cca sgegernt — _. - - ee — t te ms ke Rae nelle seen ee A Ne osu 2: 14 Is 16 So tre gett. net r= CE aw we — Pom ea 2° al ee —_ = a _ ~The Holy State. Book {V. | Elis mortified mind ws no whit moved with the magnificent | | vanities of the Court: no more then a dead corps is affect. | \ed with a velvet herfe-cloth over it. He is fo farre from wondring at their pomps, that though he looks daily oO on them, he {carce fees them, having his eyes taken up | with higher objects , and onely admires at fuch, as can | admire fuch low matters. He is loved and feared of | all . and his prefence frights the Swearer either out of his oathes or into filence, and he {tains all other mens | lives with the clearneffe of his own. | Yet he daily prayeth God to keep him in fo flippery a place. E- lifha prayed that a double portion of Eliahs Spirit | might relt upon him. A Father defcanteth hereon, that ‘adouble portion of grace was neceflary for Elifha, | who was gratious at Court, lived ina plentifull way, and favoured of the Kings of Ifrael ; whereas Eliah l1- ved poorely, and privately : And more wildome 1s re- quifite to manage profperity then affliction. In bis grave writings he aims at Gods glory and the Churches peace, with that worthy Prelate, the fecond Jewell of | Salisbury, whofe Comments and Controverties will {tran{mit his memory to all P ofterity | Whole dying pen did write of ChriStian Union, | How Church with Church might fately keep Com- | munion. | Commend his care, although the cure do mifle ; | The woe is ours, the happinefle is his : | Who finding difcords daily to encreafe, Becaufe he could not live, would die, in peace. He ever makes honourable mention of forein Protestant | Churches ;even when he differs and diffents from them. ‘The worft he wifheth the French Church is a Prote- {tant King : not giving the left hand of Fellowthip to ‘them, and referving his right for fome other. Cannot ‘Chrifts coat be of different colours, but allo it muft be of feverall feams ? railing one on another, rill thefe Sifters, by baftardizing one another, make the Popifh Church Cha 1ap. 9. y, The good | Bifop. 283 | } | = ‘hurch tl the fole heir to all truth. How often did rere | rend*Whitgiit(knowing he had the farre better cheere | fend a mefle of meat ja his own table to the is 63,64. | {ters of Geneva ? relieving many of them | by bountiful k contributions. Indeed Englith dl harity to cin : Proteftant Churches in fome re{pectis payment of a | debt : their children deferve to be our welcome ouel fs | whofe Grandfathers were our lovi ing hofts in sae dayes | | of Queen Marty. | He ts th sank full to that Colledge whence he had his education. | He conceiv’d himfelf to heare his Mother-Colledge al- | | wayes {peaking to him in the language of Jofeph to | | Pharaohs Butler, * But think on me "Tpray the 6, when it ed Gen. 49, ; | a bad ~J | be Well with thee. If he himfelf hath but little the lefle | | frombhim is the more acceptable: Adrop from a fj punge | } /is aS much as a tunne of water froma Marifh. He be- -fLows on it Books, or Plate, or Lands or Building . and the Houfles of ae Prophets rather lack watering chen planting, there being enough of them, if they had enough. Ee i is hofpitable 1 in hus houfekeeping according to his estate. | His bounty i is with difcretion to thofe that deflerve it: \Charity miftaken, which relieves idle people, like a dead corps, onely feeds the vermin it breeds. The lrankneffe of his houlekeeping produceth no riot in his, bamly. S. Paul calls a Chrift: an Family well ordered, | io 1.0772. 5° | i i i ET eee iene or XP a ew oO = re en ee ae ee ~ * a Church in their boufe. Ifa private mans houfe bea Pa-| Theacbiie te. | rochiall, a Bifhops my feem a Cathedrall Church, as | Sse much bettet as bigger,fo decently all things herein are | difpoled. | We come now to give a double E xamp| le of a godly | Bifhop : t : the firft out of the Primitive times the fecond out of a Englith Church fince the Reformation both excellent in their feverall w: ayes. | Oo 2 ee eee as PP eT The Ho 284. | | | | | } ’ ee tl el OAC LOI aoe = tty ye Litt, Z = FSS — = = NMHC DONUT IDDM UAT DINMONT TOOL 1 ct : . | S° AVGUS TINE the Learned and painfull Bifhop 0 ppo,in Africa, for the fpace of 40 ycares where he dyed,| | inthe 70" ycare of His Age, about ¥ ycarc of of Lord 470. \\\j ~ rt ; ae eee SSS W:Marfhall_/culp ‘| ! i | | | itl ith Cu Uocuftine was bornint ca, of Gentile parentage, Patricius and Monica ‘though their means bore not proportion to their birth, {o that the breeding of their fonne at Learning much AP. Iie The life of S. AucusTine. he City of Tagafta rn Afti- Ie 0 ee ——— ee REE REET TL OT weakned their eftate, in fo much as Romanian a ‘noble gentleman (all the world is bound to be thank- | full to S.Augultines Benefactour)bountifully advanced ‘his education. y i 7 if 35 i y} 3 3 . a Z WH rH tt Ls us: Z ~ i] ‘ : ss x . = — j 5 Z | | on : Za J 2 - 2 { Z - ~ a“ - NY | = = x 4 5 Z 33] ’ z = 2 ’ ’ 7 a || Af, | Y tf, : ig, ¥ : 4 7’ ~ a ¢ Z y - 4 Z % = a} Z Yi iy = : = Z Yes —— > = tf YU Yt 47 “4 We 4 ti So =z = 4 Z y = | LE Za ZA, | } { | | | of | | ; | i ee TT EEE IE I a SEE SS 1 Ss | = ee ee — Hit i \ eee SS A Ae RE a NG A A my et ots regimens ee | Chap. uu. Thelife of S’. Auguftine. 285 | | Ie will be needleffe to {peak of his youth, vicious in : ‘manners and erroneous in doctrine, elpecially feeing he hath fo largely accul’d himfelf in: his ConfefSions.” Tis | tyranny to trample on him that proftrates him(elf, and | | whofe finnes God hath gratioutly forgotten, let no ‘man defpighctully remember. | Being madea Presbyter in the Church of Hippo, | this great favour was allowed him, to preach conftant- ‘ly, though in the prelence of * Valerius the Bifhop : See. | | whereas in that age to heare a Prieft preach when that }« s- oy a Bifhop was 1n the Church, was as great a wonder as | ithe Moon fhining at mid-day. Yea godly Valerius, one that could do better then he could: {peak, and had la better heart then tongue, ( being a Grecian, and | therefore not well underftood of the Africans ) procu- red Auguftine in his life-time to be defigned Bilhop of Hippo,and to be joyned * fellow-Bifhop with him- felf, though it was flatly againft the Canons. For a’ Coadjutour commonly proves an hinderer, and by his envious clafhing doth often dig his Part- ners grave with whom he as joyn’d ; befides that uch a fuperinftallation feems an unlawtull bigamy, marry- ling two husbands at the fame time to the fame ww : , = . - | Church. Yea,S. Auguftine himfelf, afterwards un- ) "Idem .cap.8, | i eee | derftanding that this was againft the Conftitutions of the Church, was forry thereat ( though others thought |hiseminency above Canons, and his -delerts his di- 'fpenfation ) and defiring that his ignorance herein | Ifhould not mifguide others, obtained that the Canons | | (then not fo hard to be kept as known, becautle ob- | {cure and {cattered ) were compiled together and pub- | | lifhed, that the Clergy might know what they were | bound to obferve. | | ; Sse = : | | Being afterwards folie Bifhop, he was diligent in | | continuall preaching, and beating down of Hereticks | ,eans, in whole Fence-{chool-he ¢ up, and therefore knew heft Oo 2 how Se ee | e{pecially the Manicl | was formerly brough NS” eens ——— ———— —- —-—— —- -— - ee ee The Holy State. Book 1V., | | howe to hit them,and g ‘ond cuard hina! himéelf.alfo the Pilegieea | | the duellifts againtt Grace, and for Freewill which till} | S. Augultines time was never throughly fifted , points | | in Divinity being but flenderly fenced till they are af- faulted by Hereticks. He was alfothe hammer of the| Donatifts, Hereticks who did fcatter more then they | | | did devoure. and their Schifme was more dangerous | |" See their | then their * Doétrine. | | Lenets at laree } i nour ffth | He went not fo willingly to a feaft.as to a conferenc ; : ere | to reduce any erroneous perlons : once he difputed | | with Pafcentius: the Arian, who requeited that : what pafled betwixt them might not be written, Augif.-Tom.| and afterwards gave out his*bragges that he had yeoutte a ee i | ed Auguftine in the difpute, which report was be- | | lieved of all who defired it. | In other battels, if the conquered fide fhould be fo impudent as toboaft of the victory, it. will ere long be confuted by the number of their men flain, enfignes and ‘wagons taken, with their flight out of| the field. It is not thus in the tongue- ccenbsars of | difputes, wherein no vifible wounds are given, and | wherein bold men ( though inwardly “convinced with force of realon ) count not themfelves con- quered till they cont fefle it -fo that in effect z cs be overcome except they will themfelves : For fome are fo fhameleffe that they count not their caule | wrackt as i as any thing alive comes to the Land | fo long as they have breath to talk though not to anfwer, and employ their hands not to untie their Ad- | tn arguments, but onely obftinately to lay hold on their own opinions ; yea after the conference ' ended they cry wiétoria in all companies wherein they | | come, whileft their Auditours , generally as engaged as | | the Difputants, will fuccour their Champ; on: with | | partiall relations, as the Arians did in this cafe of Pa- | ' {centius. | | J | | : | But their falfe cavills have done the Church thi # ne ds a RAE Ga BE AIT EDIE OLE EOE LLG ALI LT LIE CELIO EDEL ONE YR eT EE A LO EET lh ee ep | Chap. 10. Thelife of S'. Auguttine. ‘true courtefie, that ever after S. Auguftine fet down his | | difputations in writing, that {o the eye of the Reader ' might more fteddily behold his arguments prelented | ‘fixed in black and white, then when they wete onely “in fluxu, as pafsing in his words. | His clothes were neither*brave,nor bafe,but comely: | * V«ttisnec | As for the black Cowl of the Auguftinians,which they Sa sie ahs pretend from his practice, 1t feemeth rather ( ifffo an- | nas pio. ‘cient ) to be cut with the fheeres, or by the pattern, of |“? «| | Auguftine the Monk. He would not receive gifts to the Church from thofe who had poore kinred of their own : Divinitie faith, that mercy is better then facri-| ‘fice, and the Law provides, that debts areto be paid | before legacies. | In cafe of great want he would fellthe very Orna- ments of the Church, and beftow the money on the ee poore, contrary to the * opinion of many ( the thorn magica oro | of Superftition began very foon to prick ) who would | Pimphai- | not have fuch things in any cafe to be alienated. . Suge | mo, meee | a Communion-table will not catch cold with w anting conflari jube- | ; ~ 4 bat, & indi- | a rich carpet, not ftumble for lack of the candles there- | gentibus dit | | on in filver candlefticks. Befides, the Church might ae ag | afterwards be feafonably replenifhed with new furni- | orafem,nifi | | | i te . A Aad SOs 9 OE a oe contra Carna= ture, whereas if the poore were once fterved, they | lemfenfum | could not be revived again. But let not Sacriledge in Tcortieual | the difguize of Charity make advantage hereof, &-Co- Spon : | | veroufnefle, which is ever hungry till ic fuurfets, make a |. 24 conftant ordinary on Church-bread, becaufe David in | | necefsity fed one meal thereon. : His diet was very | cleanly and fparing, yet hofpicable in the entertaining of others, and had this diftich wrote on his-table, | Quisquys amat dictis abjentum rodere famam : | Hance men[am widignam noverst effe frbi. ) He that doth love on abfent friends to jeere | May hence depart, no room is for him here. | His family was excellently well ordered, and cen of 'thofe Scholars which were brought up under him came afterwards to be Bifhops. To a aan <) oR ree = 7 fa Co — amin Ennnte pemenmn ante een memennameiaaes ees = ~w meee ne. ret ee bo oA | oO | * Methoz "US Martyr & > .c1? Mearns Paul. “Diaco7.- The Holy State. Book IV. | To come to his death. de happened that the Nor- | thera countreys, called by * fome Vagina gentiwn, the | Sheath of people ( though more properly they may be ter- | med, Enfis det, the Sword ‘of God ) {ent forth the Vandalls, Albans, and Gothes, into the Southern. parts, God pu- nifhing the pride of the Roman Empire to be con- | founded by Barbarous’ enemies. Out of Spain the | | came into Africa, and maflacred all before them. The) neighbouring villages like little children. did flie to! Hippo the mother-City for fuccour : thirteen moneths was Hippo belieged by the Gothes, and S$. Auguftine 2 being therein prayed to God either to remove the liege, or to give the Chriftians therein patience to fuffer, or to take him out of this miferable world, which he ob- tained, and dyed in the third moneth of the fiege. Falling very fick(befides the difeafe of age and grief) he lay languifhing a pretty time, and took. order that none fhould cometo him fave when his meat was brought, or Phyficians vifited him, that fo he might have elbow-room the more freely to put offthe clothes of his mortality. The motion of Piety in him ( by cuftome now made naturall ) was ~elocior in fine, daily breathing out moft pious Ejaculations. He died inteftate, not for lack oftime to make a will, but means to beftow, having formerly pafled his foul to God, whileft his body of courfe bequeathed it felf to the earth. As for the books of hisown making, atreafure beyond eftimation, he) carefully configned them to feverall Libraries. He dy- edinthe feventy fixth yeare of his age, having lived a! Bifhop almoft fourty years. Thus a Saint of God,like an | oke, may be cut down in a moment ; but how many | rears was he a growing! Not long after his death she, City of Hippo was fack’'d by the Gothes, it being no | | wonder if Troy was taken, when the Palladium was | - farft fetch’d away from it. — — i | | | | | ett ei -—— a a A ES a TE ee TOO A tC OL OO LN edness PS SE EE LEED ETE 2S Ok hr tg os eT ELEIP A ele ae gt fern er Re re ame we ae ee aa eT Se ee ae Chap. u. The lifeof ‘Bifhop Ridley. 289 | | ee eee NICHOLAS RIDLEY Bifhop of Lonpon.,, | | He dicd a constant Martyr for the Truth, and was burnt Wij at Oxford the 16 * of Octob: 15955... —— -—— sr tasers cnainanaient U8 Js ee a A W -Mar/hall feulp | i ; ; CHAP. IIe | ' The hfe of Bifhop Rivrey. : Icholas Ridley born in the Bifhoprick of Du- | re{me, but defcended from the ancient and wor-| fhiptull familie of the Ridleys of Williniotes-caiieiline Northumberland. He was brought up in Pembroke-| hall in Cambridge, where he fo profitedin generall Learning, that he was chofen Fellow of the Colledge, | and Anno 1533 was Proctour of the Univerfity. | At which time two Oxford men,George Enrogmae ton, —— eee ee eee ee ‘ re ee i = lalate ene a 190° The Holy S tate. Book [V.| ‘ton, and Jol in Afhwell, came to Camby idge "9a in ‘the publick Schools challenged any to dipfi ute with them on thefe auctions, : | i. od, ey us ctyile £ medicina prestantius? ( denda? : > Multer condemnata, bis yuptis laquets, jit tertio “fdbe. | : It feems they were men of more brow then brain, ' being fo ambitious to be known, that they had rather ibe hifl’d down then not come upon the ftage. Sure | | Oxford afforded as many more able difputants, as Ci- | vill Law yielded more profound and needfull quettt- | ! ons. Throgmorton had the fortune of daring men, to be worlted. being fo prefled by John Redman and | Nicholas * Ridley “ opponents, that his fecond re- o.| filed at all to dif pute. Indeed an Univerfi ity is an onely fit match for an ‘Univerfity ; and a any private man who in this Nature ‘undertakes a whole bod: y, being of necelsity put to the | worft, deferves not Phaetons Epitaph, magnis, but /tul- : tis tamen excidit aufis. And though * one objects Neminem estas egtenfium constat Oxomenfes ungquam ” certamen pro- vocalfe ; . yet lefle we; cannot be inferred from |more miédeflic Che belt: is, the two Sifters fo well [agree together that ‘the ey onel ly contend to lurpafle each other in mutuall kindnet fe. and forbidding all duells | betwixt their children, make up their joint forces a- : ‘gaint the common ae of them and true Religion. _ He was after chofen Mafter of Penbroke Hall. and | Kept the fame whileft Bifhop of Rochefter and Lon- ‘don, till outed in the firft of Queen Marie. Not that aa was covetous to hold his place in the > Colledge, but the Colledge ambitious to hold him. ; as who would willingly part witha jewell. He wasin good e{teem | with Henrie the eighth, and in better oy 1 pious King | Edward the fixth, and a5 generally beloved of all the Court , being one of an h andfome perfon,comelie pre- fence, aftalle {peech, and courteous behav our. | But before I go further,Reader , pardon a digrelsion, and| —— _ Se * Caius de An- | | tiquit. garg Acad.p.19 ra | tbe Twine | | pag. 336 CO it EA TERI ee me sa ne . —_ ee | Chap. 1. The lifeof Bifbop Ridley. 291 te nd |and yet is it none, for ‘tis neceflary. I have within the | narrow {cantling of my experimentall remembrance} | obferved ftrange alteration in the worlds valuing of | | thofe learned men which lived in that age ; and take it | | plainly without welt or gard, for hethat {miarts for | | {peaking truth hath a playfter in his own conf{Ccience. | When I wasa child! was poffefied with a reverend efteem of them, as moft holy and pious men, dying Martyrs in the dayes of Queen Marie for profelsion of the truth , which opinion having from my Parents ta- ken quiet poflelsion of my foul, they muft be very for- icible reafons which eject it. | Since that time they have been much cried down in the mouthes of many, who making a Coroners enqueft upon their death, have found them little better then Felons de fe, dying in their own bloud, fora mere for- miality, de modo, of the manner of the Prefence, and a Sacrifice in the Sacrament, who might eafily with one {mall diftinction have knockt off their fetters, & faved their lives. By fuch the Coronet of Martyrdome is pluckt off from their memories ; and others more mo- derate equally part their death betwixt. their enemies cruelty, and their own over-forwardnefle. Since that, one might have expected that thefe wor- thy men fhould have been re-eftated in their former | honour, whereas the contrary hath come to paffe. For fome who have anexcellent facultie in uncharitable Synecdoches,to condemne a life for an aétion,& taking | advantage of fome faults in them do much condemne| _ them. And * one lately hath traduced them with fuch she ok teres : language, as neither beleemed his parts ( wholoever he #inted ¢f Cau- \ {es hindring was) that {pake it, nor their piety of whom it was Reformation in Me x - | England,lib.1, fpoken. If pious Latimer, whofe bluntneffe was in- peg. 10." . capable of Hattery, had his fimplicity abufed with falfe| informations, he is called another Doétour Shaw, to diz vulge in his Sermon forged accufations. Cranmer and Rid- | | ley for fome failings ftyled,the common flales to countenance | | : Pp 2, With | | me a ee ee aie ae earner ates nee ee er — ee age LI ae Se Em ee oes LN Pe ener settee ectre, f RO EE IESE SEIS PIES OO neil OS ORR 8 i a a = ; ' i ; ; } | ‘With ther prostituted gravitt ee _ientatemntenennnnnmmmmnttt Ret mre w. i guumece- as ee a ee ee ere ~ “3 meng ne ee ee ree ee a a RD oh ee: PE A me i — _ The Holy State. Book [V.| es every politick fetch which was | ‘thea on foot, as oft asthe potent Statifts pleafed to employ | them. And, as it follows not farre after, Bifhop Cranmer, | one of King Henvies Executours and the other Bifhops, none re- | | fuling ( lest they fhould refist the Duke of Northumberland ) | | could find in their confciences to fet their hands to the disenabling | | and defeating of the Princeffe Marie, exc. Where Chriftian ‘ingenuity might have prompted unto him to have made an intimation,thac Cranmer ( with pious Jultice | | Hales in Kent)was laftand leaft guilty much refufing to | | fub{cribe, and his long refifting deferved as well to be | mentioned, as his yielding at lait. Yea,that very Verle, ‘which Doétour Smith at the burning of Ridley ufed Oo -againft him, is by the forefaid Authour (though not with fo fulla blow, with a flenting ftroke ) applyed ‘to thofe Martyrs, A man may give his body to be burnt, and | yet have not charity. Thus the prices of Martyrs afhes rife and fall in Smithfield market. However their reall worth flotes /not with peoples phancies, no more then a rock in the ‘fea rifes and falls with the tide : S. Paul is ftill S. Paul, ‘though the Lycaonians now would facrifice to him, and prefently after would facrifice him: Thefe Bifhops, ‘Minifters, and Lay-people,which were put to death in Queen Maries dayes, were worthy Saints of God, ho- ly and godly men, but had their faults, failings and im- /perfections. Had they not been men they had not -burn’t; yea had they not been more then men( by |Gods afsiftance ) they had not burn’t. Every true Chri- |ftian fhould, but none but {trong Chriftians will, die at the ftake. But to return to Ridley: One of the greateft things objected againft him, was his counfellto King Ed- ward ( which the'good Prince wafh'd away with his tears ) about tolerating the Mafle for Princeffe Mary, at the intercefsion of Charles the fitth Emperour, | which how great it was, let the indifferent party give as bee eee Sn greene Chap. If. The life of Bifbop Ridley. ——— a Ci i an i i a nena eee —— + —_ —_ ‘judgement, when the * Hiftorian hath given his evi- | a . or H dence, The Bifhops, of Canterbury , London, Rechefter, | gave their opinion, that to give licence to fame » Was finne, but to | connive at finne might be allowed jin cafe it Were neither too long, | | nor Without hope of reformation. | Another fault, wherewith he was charged, was that | | wofull and unhappy difcord betwixt him and seve- ~ | rend Bifhop Hooper, about the wearing of fome E- | | pilcopall garments at his confecration ( then in ufe )| : which Ridley prefl’d, and Hooper refuted with equall | violence, as being too many, rather loading then gra- cing him,and fo affectedly grave , that they were light; again. All we will fay is this, that when worthy | men fall out, onely one of them may be faulty at the firft, but if fuch ftrifes continue long, commonly both become guilty: Bur thus Gods diamonds often cut one another, and good men caufe afflictions to good men. It was the policy of the * Lacedemonians alwayes to fend two Embafladours together, which difagreed amongft themfelves, that fo mutually they might have an eye on the aétions each of other : Sure Lam that in thofe Embaffadours, the Minifters, which God fend- eth to men, God fuffereth great difcords betwixt them, (Paul with Barnabas, Jerome with Ruffin, and Au- | guftine, and the like ) perchance becaufe each may 'be more cautious and wary of his behaviour inthe | view of the other. We may well behold mens weak- 'nefle in fuch diffentions, but better admire Gods | ftrength and wifdome in ordering them to his glory, | and his childrens good. Sure it 1s, Ridley and Hooper | were afterwards cordially reconciled ; and let not their | difcords pierce farther then their reconciliation The worftis. mens eyes are never made found with the clearneffe, but often are made fore with the bleertefle ‘of other mens eyes in their company. The virtues of Saints are not fo attractive of our imitation, as their Vi- ‘ees and infirmities are prone to infect. Pp3 = Ridkey? | EN, _--—<-——_—— + 293 * Haywards OE Es Edward. fins” Pag. 2h * Avift. polit. io. 2, Cap. 7. wee eo ee alee ee gee 7 reer tne ae ae ere = new reterts sr So ne ee ere So erernnendneninnerenaie ‘ : ee ry —eerd — —aaee eee “y04 The Holy State. Book IV. | [ |" Hayward ed *Ridley was very gracious with King Edward the '4o7.@/e- | fixth,and bya Sermon he preach’d before him fo be | wrought upon his pious difpofition, whole Princely | caarity rather wanted a directour then a perfwader,that | the King at his motion gave to the city of London, | i Greyfriers, now called Chrift-Church , for im- | | potent, fatherlefle, decrepid people by age or na- | ture to be educated or maintained. | 2 S. Bartholomews near Smithfield, for poore by fa- culty, as wounded fouldiers, difeafd and fick per- fons to be cur’d and relieved. 3 Bridewell, the ancient Manfion of the Englifh Kings, for the poore by idleneffe or unthriftynefle, | as riotous fpenders, vagabonds, loyterers, ftrum- ets to be corrected and reduc’d to good order. BSE alle | _ I like that Embleme of Charity which * one hath ex- pag.t. _ _ | prefled ima naked child, giving honey toa Bee without wings; onely I would have one thing added, namely holding swhipin the other hand to drive away the drones: 30 that ?! He ee lens Mecrocof, -butic withers prefently. A Ladyes credit is of equall | | nicenefle,.a {mall touch may wound and_kill i;whach | | | Bs : z “i wee | | The Latine tongue feems fomewhat injurious to the | Amua alwayes fionihes a Sweetheart; asif their fex ih of familiar friendfhip but in way to marriage, which makes our Lady avoid all privacie with fufpicious Ye a fhe not more carefull of her ‘own credit thenvof Gods glo- 4 | ry ; end ftands up valiantly 1n the defencethereof. She | fecond, Dame * Margaret Dimock, wifeto S* Jolnm |* she claimed | ) the place, but | rm kame on ge Co rformed the -| be the Kings Champion, by the virtue of the cenure ee. telande.| : : ‘ ; pag. 299. leng: and defie all fuch as oppofed the Kings right to : the Crown. But it our Lady heares any {peaking dif- | bound by her tenure ( whereby {he holds poffeisron of 'gract here, and reverlion of glory hereafter ) to aflert | | whcele Champion fhe profefleth to be. One may be a | fronts to coodnelle, they are afles which are not i | Schifm. Anglice She as carefull and moSt tender of ‘her «credut and reputation. | 3 tender, that man cannot touch any of his branches | pag. 783. : }makes her very cautious ‘what company fhe keeps. feminine {ex ; for whereas therein Amicus 1s a friend, | reference to men were not capable of any other kind cotpany. hath read how at the Coronation of King Richard the Dirrock,came into the Court and claimed the place to | her busband | her Mannour of Scrinelby in Lincolnfhire, to chal- | Ce 7%. racztully of God or Religion, fhe counts her felf and vindicate the honour of the King of Heaven, Hambe in private wrongs, but in hearing generall af- | ons. Ste as pitiful and bountiful to people im distreffe. We reade $ how a daughter of the Duke of Exeter invented a | brake or cruel rack to torment people withall;to which purpofe it was long referved and often uled in the | oS. Sis Lower eee ee eas See _—_—_—_—_— | | * Vid. Cir v0n. | peig ag th, Seo. ne = * CE eT EE LT a ee te Oe ee ee — gee The Holy State. Rook: IV. | 3 cea (Tower of L ondon. and commonly called ( was it not | be ong pretty a babe fhould bear her mothers ‘ name? 2) | | Stiomes 1? » the ‘The * Duke of Exeters daughter. Me thinks the find- | ¢ of King | ing Out of a falve to eafe poore people in pain had born | Ey {War | the ' better proportion: to her Ladithip then to have been | ithe : inventer of inftruments of cruelty. | 6 | She is a. good [cholar, and ell learned in ufe ull Authours, | indice as in purchales an houle is valued at nothing, | ecaule it returneth no profit, and 8 eF great | ‘charges to maintain ‘it . fo for the {ame reafons , Lear-| | ning in a woman is but little to be prized. But as tor | great Ladyes, who ought to be a confluence of all rari- ties and perfections, “fome Learning in them is not onely ufetull but neceflary. na 7 In difcourfe | ner words are rather fit then fine, very choice and | yet not chofen. Though her language be not gaudy, yet | the plainnelfle thereof pleafeth, it is fo proper, an handiomly puton. Some having a fet of fine phrafes will hazard an impertinency to ufe them all, as think- ing they give full fatisfaction for dragging in the mat- ter by head and fhoulders, if they drelie 3 it in queint exprefsions. Others often repeat the fame things : the | Platonic k yeare of their difcourles being not “above! chives dayes long, in which term all the “fame matter | returns over again, threadbare talk ill fuiting with the| variety of their clothes. | | 8 | She affects not the vanity of fooli(h fafhions ; but is decent- | ly apparelled according to her ftate and condition. He | that fhould have gue elied the bignefle of Alexanders | fouldiers by their fhields left in India, would much o- | | Verproportion their true greatnefle. But what a valt | overgrown creature erould fome guefle a woman to. |be, taking his aim by the multicude and variety of ‘clothes and orname ents, which fome of them ufe : in-| fomuch as the ancient Latines called a womans | | wardrope Mundus, a World, wherein pate 6 was much terra mcognita then undifcovered, but fince| found | a ee —— ov mt A en eS NE ee | Chap. 3. The (ourt-Lady. 303 | eee - eee _—------- | found out by the curiofity -of modern Fafhion-mong- vers. We find a mappe of this world drawn by Gods | | Spirit, Ifaiah the third, wherein one and twenty Wwo-. I mens ornaments ( all fuperHuous ) are reckoned up, which at this day are much encrealed. The™ moons, 'there mentioned, which they wore on their heads, | may {eem fince grown to the full in the luxury of after- | | ages. | She is contented with that beauty which God hath gtven her. 4 f very handfome, no whit the more proud, but farre | he more thankfull: If unhandfome, fhe labours to | better itinthe virtues of her mind, that what is but | lain cloth without may be rich plufh within. Indeed | fiich naturall defeéts as hinder her comfortable ferving of God in her calling may be amended by art y and any member of the body being defective, may thereby be lawfully fupplied. T hus giafle-eyes may be ufed, though not for feeing, for fightlinelie. But our Lady detefteth all adulterate complexions, finding no prefi- | dent thereof in the Bible fave one, and her fo bad, that Ladyes would blufh through their paint to make her the pattern of their imitation. Yet are there many that think the oroftelt fault in painting is to paint groffely (making their faces with thick daubing not onely new ictures, but new ftatues ) and thatthe greatett inne | | | i | | | * Ifaiah,2. 18. CT see EE SE NT LL eg | therein, is to be difcover'd. | Inher marriage [he principally vefpects vurtue and religion, Io a ; o - i % Vid. >. R and next that, other accomodations, as we have™ for-| iin ieicanne merly difcourfd of. Andthe is carefull in match not | %¢. / . ~ | to beftow het (elf unworthily beneath her own degree to an ignoble perlon, except in cafe of necelsity. Thus} “ . cn % 3 $, fic Sna7 F a- } the Gentlewomen in *Champaigne in Francefome | 777: rh, | three hundred years dince were enforced to marry eed , Yeomen and Farmets, becaufe all the Nobility in that | shes. | ete oe Se Se ae | countrey were flain in the warres intinetwo voyages | | of King Lewis to Paleftine : and thereupon ever tince 2 = ; 433 stad : iby cuftome and priviledge the Gentlewomen of | Champaigne a SS eee — a nl — eee owe ag, —_—— 7 ———~ —, he ~ m pre “Tbe Holy State. Book WV. | Ne 304. Champaigne and Brye ennoble their husbands and | give them honour in marrying them, how mean foe- | ver before. 11 Though pleafantly affected fhe is not tran{ported with Court- delights : as in their {tatelie Mafques and Pageants. See- ing Princes cares are deeper then the cares of private /men, it is fit their recreations alfo fhould be greater, | that fo their mirth may reach the bottome of their fad- : nefle : yea God allows to Princes a greater latitude of : |pleafure. He is no friend to the tree, that ftrips it of yt | che bark ; neither do they mean well to Majefty, which | would deprive it of outward fhews, and State-folem- nities, which the fervants of Princes may in loyalty and refpect prefent to their Sovereigne.; however, our Lady by degrees is brought from delighting in {uch Matques, onely to be contented to fee them, and.at laft ( perchance ) could defixe to be excufed from that alfo. 12 Yet in her reduced thoughts fhe makes all the [hort fhe hath Jeen earnest to her felf : It muft be a dry flower indeed out (of which this bee fucks no honey : they are the beft Origens who do allegorife all earthly vanities into hea- venly truths. When fhe remembreth how fuddenl the Scene in the Mafque was altered (almoft before moment it felf could take notice of it ) fhe confidereth, how quickly mutable all things are in this world, God Iringing the changes on all accidents, and making them tunable to his glorie : The lively reprefenting of things fo curioufly, that Nature her felf might grow jealous of Art, in outdoing her, minds our Lady to make fure, work with her own foul, {eeing hypocrifie may be fo} xe to fincerity. But O what a wealthy exchequer of [beauties did fhe there behold, feverall faces moft dif | \ferent, moft excellent, ( fo great is the variety even in | befts ) whatarich mine of jewells above ground, all | fo brave fo coltly ! To give Court-mafques their due,of | all the bubbles in this world they have the oreatelt va- : riety | ree eres eee en — —_ ee LL LCL LLL LL EET FE RE EE RES ES A ES A AE ER a a es Sse ee ate heen wee mem wewe =. eee ee iF eee aoe Zipp, at Tt A I a et SS se . esses: SS s Chap. 13. Lhe (ourt-Lady. 305 ee a riety of fine colours. But all is quickly ended : this is : | the {pight of the world, if ever fhe affordeth fine ware, | | fhe alwayes pincheth it in the meafure,and it lafts not | | long : But oh, thinks our Lady, how glorious a place | 1S Heaven, where there ave joyes for evermore. It an herd of kine fhould meet together to phancy and define happi- | nefle, they would place itto confiftin fine paftures , | {weet grafle, clear water, fhadowie groves, conftant | fummer, but if any winter, then warm fhelter and dainty hay, with company after their kind, counting thefe low things the higheft happinefle, becaufe their | conceit .can reach no higher. Little better do the Hea-| then Poets defcribe Feaven, paving it with pearl, and roofing it with ftarres, filling it with Gods and God_| deffes, and allowing them to drink (as if without it] no Poets Paradile ) Ne&tar and Ambrofia . Heaven in- | deed being Poctarwm dedecus the fhame of Poets.and the difgrace of all their Elyperboles, falling as farre fhort of truth herein, as they go beyond itin other Fables, | However the fight of fuch glorious earthly {pectacles advantageth our I adyes conceit by infinite multiplica- tion thereof to confider of Heaven, She reades conStant le€tures to her Jelf of her own iieality | 13 To {mell to a turf of frefh earth is wholfome for the | body ; no leffe are thoughts of mortality cordiall to| the foul. Earth thou art, to earth thon fhalt return : The {ight of death when it cometh will neither be {o terri. | | ble to her, nor fo ftrange, who hath formerly often be- | held it in her ferious meditations. With * Job fhe | ° 7% 17-"4 faith to the worm, Thou art my fifter : If fair Ladyes | {corn to own the worms their kinred in this life, their | kinred will be bold to challenge them when dead in| their graves : for when the foul ( the beft perfume of | the body ) is departed from it, it becomes fo noylome | a carcafle, that {hould I make a defcription of the loth-| fomnelle thereof, fome dainty dames would hold their ; noles in reading it. : ee a rt ce er To Ere pe © er ieee ee Ee et ee we ee eee | ' ’ ‘ Th | 206 be £1 ~~ — —= — ~~ tA OL: pe ey ae aly oLreie. HOOK LV e i a ainda | 3 | Toconclude:We reade how Henry a Germain Prince | ‘wasadmonifhed by revelation to (earch for a writing | ‘in an old wall, which fhould nearly concern. him, og | wherein he found onely thele two words written, ina Eek Sex, Arrer Six. Whereupon Henry. concei- juy 14. Ba- ved that his death was foretold, which after fix dayes) ome" Thould enfue, which made him affe thole dayes in| conftant preparation for the fame. But finding the fix. -dayes palt without the effect he expected, he fuuccelsive- | ly perlevered in his godly refolutions {ix weeks, {1x | | moneths, {ix years, and on the firft day of the feventh -yeatethe Prophecie was: fulfll’d, though otherwile ‘then he interpreted it , for thereupon he was cholen 'Emperour of Germany, having before gotten fuch an habit of piety that he perfifted in his religious. courle pe \for ever after. Thus our Lady hath (> inur'd her felf | all the dayes of hey appointed time to watt till her change cometh, that expecting it every houre, {he is alwayes provided for that, then which nothing is more certain of uncer- 14. » ~~ o8y ; - hee " - = on oo ¥ ~~ - "y © — a. ~ - ~ : iw W ts u SS SS “ =< ~ , 2 - ——_— 2 = —o —— ainenaet = . nn = Se Et eS LS! a a | Se ee ee Re 2 7 te | ~Cha D. ld. T he life of Ladie JaneGrey. 307 | LE ee te AN Oe OED Fi = SSS i I hy —— : Hh} 4444 seeeeuss sebeeicicce SSsesessesssssssssssssese ————— i} ae | wi | | And becaule I have mentioned that Book, wherein | | this Ladyes virtues are fo highly commended, I am | ‘not ignorant that of late great difgrace hath been) ‘thrown on that Authour, and his worthy Work, as | | [being guilry of much fallehood: chiefly becaufe | | 'fometimes he makes Popifh Doétours, well known | | to be rich in learning, to reafon very poorely, and the | ni beft Fencers of their Schools worfted and put out of Ache their play by fome countrey poore Proteftants. But let the cavillers hereat know, that 1t is a great matter to have the oddes ofthe weapon, Geds word on their | fide. not to lay any thing of {upernaturall a{siftance Pi- | venthem. Sure for the main, his Book is a worthy work ( wherein the Reader may rather leave then| lack ) and feems to me, like Ztna, alwayes burning, whileft the fmoke hath almoft put out the eyes of the | radverfe party, and thefe Foxes firebrands have brought | | much annoyance to the Romi/h Philistines. But it were a | miracle if info voluminous a work there wete no-| thing to be juftly reproved;fo great a Pomgranate not: having any rotten kernell mutt onely grow in paradife. i | And though perchance he held the beam at the beft | | advantage for the Proteftant party to weigh down, yet | [generally heis atrue Writer, and never wilfully Jecei- . i eth, though he may fometimes be unwillingly decei- | ed. | | To! re a eae j ET | Ce ee ee eee ~ eee ee —— . cme ab: Sapeanmneall is ae mS - ee rn EE OE SSS rif i ie 4 ir ft ft) Cc lay IEC f. j pa a “ r | Cha a i y | The life my J Liv Gy — 4 4 ei | 5 O réetu ith cot wl he Lad y Jane: ; ‘he LILY rh that thefe two Sifters were born, asl | may fay, not onely in feverall but oppofite horizons, | ‘fo that the elevation and bright appearing of the one | linferr’d the meceffary obfcurity and deprefsion of the| | other; & ftill Qu.Mary was troubled with this fit of the | | Mother, which incenfed her againft this her halt Sifter. | | To which two grand caufes of oppolition, this third may alfo be added, becaufe not, fo generally known, | | though in it felf of leffer confequence.Queen Mary had | selealed Edward Courtney Earl of Devonfhire out of ‘the Tower, where long he had been detained prifoner, | ‘a Gentleman ofa beautifull body, {weet nature, and | royall defcent, intending him, as it was generally con- ‘ceived, to be an husband for her felf. For when the ‘aid Earl petitioned the Queen for leave to travel fhe | advifed him rather to marry, enfuring him that no La- ' dy in the land, how high foever, would refule him for lan husband .and urging him to make his choyce | where he pleafed, fhe pointed her felf out unto him as plainly as might ftand with the modefty of a: maid, and Majefty ofa Queen. Hereupon the young Earl | | ( whether becaufe that his long durance had {ome in- fluence on his brain, or that naturally his face was bet- | ‘ter then his head, or out of fome private phancie and | affection to the Lady Elizabeth, or out of loyall bafh- | i fulneffe, not prefuming to climbe higher, but expect- | ing to be call’d up) is faid to have requefted the Queen for leave to marry her Sifter the Lady Elizabeth, un- happy that his choyce either went fo high or no high- et : For who could have fpoken worle Treafon againft Mary (though not again ft the Queen ) then to preferre her Sifter before her? and fhe,innocent Lady, did after- wards dearly pay. the {core of this Earls indifcretion. For | oe eee ee —- ox Sara SS Se er es EET eed en ae — Peter | Chap. 15. The life of Queen Elifabeth, Bi | Se ee Se Se For thefe reafons Lady Elizabeth was clofely kept | : jand narrowly fitted. all her Sifters reigne, S' Bedeni- | | field her keeper ufing more feverity towards her then | | his place required, yea more then.a good man fhould, | ora wilerhan would have done. No doubt the leaft | tripping of her foot fhould have coft her the lofing of | her head, if they could have caught her to be privy to| any con{piracies. shar | This Lady as well deferved the title of Elizabeth the | Confeffour as ever Edward her ancient predeceflour did. | M: Afcham was a good Schoolmafter to her, but af- | fliction was abetter, fo that itis hard to fay whether | {he was more happy in having a Crown fo foon, or in having it no fooner, till affli@ion had firft laid in| her a low(and therefore {ure ) foundation of humility, | for highnefle to be afterwards built thereupon. We bring her now from the Crofle to the Crown ; ‘and come we now to de(cribe the rare endowments of her mind, when behold her virtwes almoft ftile my pen, they crowd in {fo faft upon it. : She was an excellent Scholar , underftanding the| Greek, and perfe@tly {peaking the Latine : witnefle her extempore {peech in anfwerto the Polifh Embafla- dour, and another at Cambridge, At /i foeminilis ite meus udor ( for fo it began ) elegantly making the word P \ oO ) oO y 5 * See her o/a- 2 ; : ‘ | p } +) i eee SE Ce ee ” mie a Se ae * Foemuulis: and well might fhe mint one new word, |} tion laree in | who did * refine fo much new gold and filver. Good | #anfteads p- | skill {he had in the French, and Italian, ufing Interpre-| * Monetaad ters not for need but ftate. She was a good Poet in. Felt port Englifh, and Auently made verfes. Inher time of per-| 3. ser? fecution, when a Popifh Prieft prefled her very hardly | | to declare her opinion concerning the pretence: of Chrift in the Sacrament, fhe truly. and warily — ted her judgement in thele verles, | "Tivas God the word that {pake it a, = | Fe took the bread and brake tt ; | And What the word did make tt, | That I believe and take it. st And | a ae eS et a ee es a ae SN mE lat Sermons, wherein fhe was better affected with Ae ee nl Oe -_——— > The Holy State. Book [V-| be Hoty Otate. F300 ¢ | a anne -s i And though erchance fome may lay this was but | ‘the beft of fhifts,and the worlt of aniwers, becaule the | | diftin@ manner of the Prefence mutt be believed ; yet | /none can deny it to Lave been a wife return toan ad- 'verlary who lay at wait for all advantages. Nor ae her Poetick vein lefle happy in Latine. When a little ‘before the Spanifh Invafion in eighty eight,the Spanith | -Embaffadour ( after a larger reprefentation of his Ma- \ {ters demands ) had fummed up the effec thereof ina Tetraftich, fhe inftantly in one verle rejoined her an- 'fwer. We will prelume to Englifh both, though con- ‘felsing the Latine lofeth luftre by the Trantlation. | Te veto ne pergas bello defendere Belgas : Qua Dracus eripuit nunc restituentur oportet : | ouas Pater evertit jubeo te condere cellas : | ‘Relligio Pape fac restituetur ad unguem. Thefe to you are our commands, Send no help to th’ Netherlands : Of the treafure took by Drake, Refticution you muft make : And thofe Abbies build anew, | Which your Father overthrew = : If for any peace you hope, In all points reftore the Pope. | The Queens extempore return, Ad Grecas, bone Rex, fient mandata calendas. Worthy King, know this yout will At latter lammas wee'l fulfill. Her piety to God was exemplary, none more con- ‘ftant or devout. in private prayers ; very attentive alfo eee : : | ‘foundnefle of matter, then queintnefle of exprefsion : ‘She could not well digeft the affected over-elegancy of uch as prayed for her by the title of defendref[e of the faith ‘and not the Defender, it being no falle con{truction to apply a mafculine word to fo heroick a {pirit. | She was very devout in returning thanks to God for her | ————EE = eee ‘ ern ne nn rn nn er ee eee — a ————— — —— eee sees aes ~ Re S ee a ry eet Chap. 15. Yhelife of Queen Elizabeth, : ps Ele ~~ 417 Ce TET a rm ———_—_—_—— — _ r “her conftant and continuall prefervations ; for one | ‘traitours {tabbe was {carce.put by, before another took | aim at her: But as if the poylons of treafon by cultome | | were turn’d naturall unto her, by Gods protection they | 'did her no harm. In any defigne of confequence fhe | | loved to be long, and well adviled . but where her re- | 'folucions once feif’d, {he would never let go her hold, according to her motto, Semper eadem. : | By her ‘Temperance {he improved that {tock of health | which Nature beftowed on her, ufing little wine, aad | leffe Phyfick. Her Continence from leafures was ad-. |mirable, and fhe the Paragon of fpotlefle chafticy , | what ever forne Popifh Priefts ( who count all virgi- | nity hid under a Nunnes veil ) have feigned to the con- ‘ttary. Lhe beft is, their words are no flander, whole ! words are all flander, fo ‘given to railing, that they | muft be dumbe if they do not blafpheme Magiftrates. by 7 = ° c~ Coed / * E 2 He '* One Jefuir made this falfe Anagram on her name,| coo” Eis zabeth. ; ve wn * ear: 8h Our Englifh F exabe be Bibles call ber falfe both in matter and manner. For allow it the | 7d abatement of H, ¢ as all Anagrams muft fue in Chancery for moderate fayour ) yet was it both une- yall and ominous that T, a folid letter, fhould be o- mitted, the prelage of the gallows whereon this Ana- | grammatift was afterwards juftly executed. | Yea let the teftimony of Pope * Sixtus Quintus hina-| | felf be believed, who profefled that amongft all the Princes in Chriftendome he found but two which | were: worthy to bear command, had they not been | tained with herefie, namely Henry the fourth ,King of | France. and Elizabeth Queen of England. And we | may prelume that the Pope, if commending his ene- | my, is therein infallible. | We come to her death, the dilcourlé whereof was more welcome to her from the mouth of her private | Confeffour, then from a publick Preacher ; and. fhe : Sf 3 ses SE ee ees i i} 5 joved rather to tell her felf, then to be told of her mor- ee 7 | Tlerte Holy State. B ook LV. | } aT | | tality, becaufe the open mention thereof made ( as fhe conceived )her fubjects divide their loyalty betwixt the | prefent andthe fucure Prince. We need look Into no | other caufe of her fickneffe then old age, being leventy | years old Davids age) to which no King of lle | | peer ee gland {fincethe Conqueft did attain. Her weaknefle | was encreaked by her.-removali from London to Rich- | mond in écold winter day, fharp enough to pierce | ' thorow thcfe who were arm’d with health and youth. | | Alfo melancholy ( the worit natural Paralite, wholo- | lever feeds him fhall never be rid of his company ) | much afflided her, being given over to ladnetle and| | filence. - | Then prepared fhe her felf for another world, being | | more conflant in prayer, and pious exercifes then ever before : yet fpake fhe very little to any, lighing out more thenthe {aid, and making ftill mufick to God in | her heart. And as the red rofe, though outwardly not | fo fragrant, is inwardly farre more cordiall then the damask, being more thrifty of its fweetnefle, and re- ferving it init felf , fo the religion of this dying Queen ; ’ ; !was moftturn’d inward in foliloquies betwixt.God and her own. foul, though fhe wanted not outward exprefsions thereof. When her fpeech fail'd her, fhe fpake with her heart, ‘tears, eyes; hands, and other fignes, fo commending herfelf to God the beft -inter- preter, who underftands what his Saints defire to fay. Thus dyed Queen Elizabeth, whileft living, the farft maid onearth, and when dead, the fecond in hea- ven. Surely the kingdome had dyed with their Queen, had nor the fainting fpirits thereof been refrefh’d by the coming in of gratious King James. - She was of perfon, tall ;of hair and complexion, fair, wellfavoured, but high-nofed ; of limbes and | teature, neat ; of a ftately and majeltick deportment. She | ET re ST tn ne re tr rm ee rete me t —— a a eo a ee ee ities - Chap. 16. ——— The E mbaffadour. 210 She hada piercing eye wherewith fhe uled to touch | what metall {trangers were made of, which came into | her prelence. But as fhe counted it a pleafant conqueft with her Majeftick look to dath ftrangers out of coun- | tenance, fo fhe was mercifull in purfuing thole whom | {he overcame, and afterwards would cherifh and com- | fort them with her {miles, if perceiving towardlinefle, | and an ingenuous modelfty in them. She much affected | rich and coftly apparell, and if ever jewells had juft | caule to be proud, it was with her wearing them. | | CHap. 16. : The Embaffadour. | ET | | al E is one that reprefents his King in a forrein coun? : trey (as a Deputy doth in his own Dominions ) under the aflurance of the publick faith, authorized by the Law of Nations. Heis either Extraordinary for | forme one affair with time limited , or Ordinary for | enerall matters during his Princes plealure,commonly called a Legier. | ) oe He is born, made, or at leaSbwife qualified honourably, both Maxime % for the honour of the fender, and him to whom he is fent . efpecially if the folemnity of the action wherein he is employed confifteth in ceremony and magnih- | cence. Lewis the eleventh King of France is futficient- ly condsmn'‘d by Potterity for fending Oliver his Bar- ber in an Embaflage to a Princefle, who fo trimly di- foatch’d his bufineffe, chat he left it in the fuddes, and | had been well wafh’d inthe river * at Gant for his | * Comin, pains, if his feet had not been the more nimble. | aks He is of a proper, at least paf] able perfon. Otherwile if he 2 be of a contemptible pretence, he 1s abfent whileft he is | prefent ; efpecially if employed in love-bufinefles to advance a marriage. Ladyes will diflike the body for | adeformed fhadow. The jeftis well known : When the | : | nee me a repre + ee PO ee tN Oe 8 nee a a T he Holy State. Book LV | eS | H AS wi =. Mee shaw | the State of Rome fent*two Embafladours the one ha- | one of them @ ving {carres on his head,the other lame in his feet, | ee tould fay | Myttit populus ‘Romanus legationem que vi€T caput habet, 1€C | pete | pedes, The people of Rome fendan Embatly without | owt head,beart, | head or feet. | tb as | Fle hath a competent estate whereby to maintain hw port : for ae ; la great poverty is ever fufpected , and he that hath a | ‘breach in his: eftate lies open to be aflaulted with | I bribes. Wherefore his means ought at leaft to be fuff- | cient both to defray fet and conftant charges, as allo to | make fallies and excurfions of expentes on extraordina- | ty occafions, which we may call Supererogations of | State. Ocherwife if he be indigent and {ucceed a boun- tifull Predeceffour, he will feem a fallow field after a ; plentiful crop. | | He is a paffable {cholar well trayell'd im Countreys and FAisto- ries . well ftudyed in the Pleas of the Crown, | mean not {uch as areat home, betwixt his Sovereigne and his fubje@ts , but abroad betwixt his and forrein' Princes ; to this end he is well skill’d in the Emperiall| Laws. Common Law it felfis outlawed beyond the | | | feas ; which though a moft true, is too fhort a meafure| | lof right, and reacheth not forrein kingdomes. | 5 He well underStandeth the language of that countrey to which | | he is fent.; and yet he defires. rather to feem ignorant of it (if fuch a fimulation which ftands neuter betwixt a | Truth and a Lie be lawfull ) and that for thefe realons: firft, becaufe though he can {peak it never {o exactly, | his eloquence therein willbe but ftammering, com-| par’'d to the ordinary talk ofthe Natives : fecondly, | hereby he fhall ina mannet ftand invifible, and view | others; and as Jofephs deafnefle heard all the dialogues | betwixt his brethren, fo his not owning to underftand | the language, {hall expofe their talk the more open un- to him ; thirdly, he fhall have the more advantage to fpeak and negotiate in his own language, at the leaft wile, if he cannot make them come over to him, he, may eee - th enero ne ee — ene eee ee _eneeeeas . — ss oe eee > Pe Em re a a ne a See ~~ re ee Ss a ee ee —_ CS —_ Chap. 16. Lhe Embaffadour. 321 may meet them in the midway, in the Latine, a {peech | ) common to all learned Nations. | as : P ‘ae pi 18 He gets his Commifston and inftriactions well ratified and | 6 confirm d before he Jets forth. Otherwife it iS the wortt | | prifon to be commilsion-bound. And lecing he mutt | | not jet out the leaft penthoute beyond his foundation, | he had beft well furvey the extent of his authority. | Fe furnifheth bimfel wath fut Officers in bas family. EXpe- 7 | ae Aa eee cially he is carefull in chooling 1 ASecretary, honeft and able, carefull to conceal countels, and not fuch a one as will let drop out | of his mouth whatloever 1s poured in at his eare : Yea the head of every Embaffadour {leeps | on the breaft of his Secretary. 2 A Steward,wile and provident,luch as can temper | magnificence with moderation, judicioully | fafhioning his ordinary expences with his Ma- | fters eftate, relerving a {pare for all events and ac- | cidentall occafions,and making all things to pafle with decency, without any rudenefle , noile, or diforder. He feafonably prefents his Embaf]age, and demands audience. 8 | a ee } Such 1s the frefh nature of fome Embaflages, if not {pent prefently, they fentill. Thus ic is ridiculous to condole griefs almoft forgotten, for ( befides that with a cruell courtefie it makes their forrows. bleed afrefh ) iT ™ . ~ : | it foolifhly feems to: teach one to take that, which he hath formerly digefted. When lome Trojane Embafia- dours came to comfort Tiberius Cefar forthe lofle of his fonne, dead well nigh a twelvemoneth before ; 41d} sveconins in Tiberia I (faid the Emperour ) am very forry for your grief for the death of your Heétor, flan by Achilles a thoufand years fince. | Coming to have audience, he applyeth himfelf onely to the | 9 Prince to whom he is fent. When Chancellour Morvill, | Embaffadour from the French King, delivering his | mef{{age to Philip Duke of Burgundy was interrupted | at by | eee bye arts ee po PLE EG! CEE OO R22 i | | | | | | | Comin. lib 3 o The Holy S Mie. = Book LY | by Charles the Dukes “fonne, fam fent ( {aid he ) not to treat With you, but YWweth your father. And our M' Wade is highly commended that being fent by Queen Eliza- beth to Philip King of Spain, he would not be turned | * Cambd. Fix.) * over to the Spanith. Privy Countel ( whole greatelt | in Anno 1584. | pag. 380. Io Grandees were dwarfs in honour to his Queen ) but would either have audience from the King himfelf, or would return without it. And yet afterwards our Em- baladour knows (if defirous that his bufinelte fhould take effect ) how, and when to make his fecret and un- | derhand addrefles to fuch potent Favourites as {trike the ftroke in the State ; it often hapning in Common- wealths, that the Mafters mate fteers the fhip thereof, | more then the Matter himfelf. | In delivering bts mef] age he complies wit) the garb and guile of the countrey ; either longer, briefer, more plain, of more flourifhing, as itis moft acceptable to fuch to | whom he direéts his fpeech. The Italians ( whole countrey is called the countrey of good words ) love the cir-| cuits of courtefie, that an Embafladour fhould notas a {parrow-hawk fie outright to his prey, and meddle | prefently with the matter in hand, but with the noble| falcon mount in language, foar high, fetch compaties | of complement, and then in due time f{toop to game, | and feile on the bufinefle propounded. Clean contrary | the Switzers (who fent word tothe King of France, | half a countrey, and, counting bluntnefle their beft elo- quence, love to be accofted in their own kind. not to fend them an Embafladour with ftore of words, | but a Treafurer with plenty of money) count all words | quite out, which are not ftraight on, have an antipathy | againft eloquent language ; the flowers of Rhetorick | being as offenfive to them, as {weet perfumes ta fuch as| are troubled with the Mother. Yea generally great foul- | diers have their ftomachs fharp fet to feed on the mat- ter, lothing long {peeches, as wherein they conceive themfelves to lofe time, in which they could conquer He\ LIES pe ECDL rr manent ane er EE ST a SS et cai ieeple. a aad 4 | TS | {REE RAS ee SS a vi tee | le commands himfelf not to admire any thing prefented unto; 14 | him. He looks, but not gazeth, on forrein magnificence | | (as countrey clowns ona city ) beholding them with a | | familiar eye, as challenging old acquaintanc e having | | known them long before. If he be furprifed with a | | fudden wonder, he fo orders it, that though his foul | | within feels an admiration, none can perceive it | | without in his countenance. For | 1 Itis iriconfiftent with the fteddineffe of his gravity | | | =n to be fartled with a wonder. 2. Admiration is the daughter of ignorance: whereas LE OD he ought to be fo read in the world as tobe poted’ | | | with no rarity. | It is a tacit confefsion ( if he wonders at State, | ek : ; P ? i Strength, or W ealth ) that herein his own Matters kingdome is farre furpaff'd. And yet he will not | flight and neglect fuch worthy: lights as he be- | holds, which would favour to much of fullen-| nefle and felf-addiction, thingsill befeeming his noble {pirit. He is zealous of the least puntillo's of bis Majters honour. | Herein ‘tis moft true, the Law of honour» fervanda 4 a 12 ee ee apicibus. : Yeaatoy may be reall, anda point may be éflentiall to the fenfe of fome fentences, and worle| to be {pared then fome whole letter. Great Kings wre- | {tle together by the ftrength and nimblenefle of their | Embaffadours, wherefore Embafladours are carefull co | afford no advantages to the adverfe party:and mutually | no more hold is given, then what 1s gotten, left the| fult of the Embafladour ‘be drawn into prefident to| the prejudice of his Mafter. He that abroad will lofe| | s Ne eee ee ot rene tine cece OIE an hair of his Kings honour deferves to lofe:his own | head when he comes home. | He appears not violent in defiring any thing he would effect.| 13 but with a feeming carelefnefle moft carefully advan-| ceth his Mafters bufinefle. If employed to conclude a Peace, he reprefents his Mafter as indifferent therein | Te tor | | POTTS - NTE OL TT TS ee rr ew ee ee peeqrasnere wes er : 324 ee ES | * Lipfews in | the end of bis | Politicks, in his cenfure of | Hifortans. 'thofe conditions , which otherwife would be given | ge | OY. i a RE MT SE AE Re A PE Nw ee The Holy State. Book [V. | for his own part, but that defiring to {pare Chriftian| ‘bloud,preponderates him for Peace, whole con{cience, | not purfe or arms are weaty of the warte: He en. | ‘treats mot, but treats for an accord, for their mutuall | good. But if the Embafladour declareth himfelf zea. | ‘lous for it , perchance he may be forced to buy | | Ede 6 conftantly and certainly inform'd of all paffages in. bis own Countrey. What a fhame is it for him to be a ftran- | ger to his native affairs ? Befides, if gulls and rumours ‘from his Countrey be raifed on purpofe to amufe our 'Embafladour, he rather {miles then ftarts at thefe falfe 'vizards, who by private inftructions from home | knows the true face of his Countrey-eftate. And left |his Mafters Secretary fhould fail him herein, he counts lit thrift to caft away fome pounds yearly to fome pri- vate friend in the Court to fend him true information of all home-remarkables. | Efe carefully returns good intelligence to his Master that ems ployetl> him. | 1. Speedy. Not being fuch a fluggard asto write | for news at noon, That the Sunne is rifen. | 2, True, fo farre forth as may be: elfe he ftamps it with a mark of uncertainty or fufpicion. 3. Full: not filling the paper, but informing thofe | to whom it is written. | 4+ Materiall: not grinding his advifes too {mall, to | frivolous particulars of love-toyes,and private | brawls, as * one layeth it tothe charge of Francis | Guicciardines Hiftorie, Minutifsima queque narrat, parumex lege aut dignitate Fiittorie. And yet {uch particulars which are too mean to be ferved-u to the Counfel-Table, may make a feaft for La- dies, or other his friends; and therefore to’ fuch our Embafladour relatesthem by his private let- ters. Re __ 5+ Methodi-| ee ee ete gree. (on a es eens ee ee ee — gr ee ae . a — ne ees eee ET ee es ee ee eee ee ere ) - ae | Chap. 16. The Embaffadour. 325 ¢ a | 5. Methodicall: not running on allina continued | ftrain, but {topping at the {tages of different bu-| fineffes to breath himfelf and the Reader, and to | take and begin a new fentence. 6, Well-penned, clear and plain, not hunting after | language, but teaching words their diftance to i ’ wait on his matter , intermingling fententious {peeches fparingly, left feeming affected. And. if conftrained twice to write the {ame maatter, {hill he varieth his words, left he may feena to write | like Notaries by prefidents. | Fe will not have his houfe ferve as a retreating-place for peo- | 16 ple fufpetted and odious ,in that State wherein be is em- | | ployed. Much leffe fhall hishoule be a Sanétuary for | Offenders , feeing the very horns of Gods Altar did pufh away from them fuch: notorious Malefactours as did flie unto them tor protection. He is cautious not to prattice any treacherows act agaift the Prince under whom be lives > left the Shield of his Em- | bafly prove too fmall to defend him from the Sword of Juftice, feeing that for fuch an offenfe an Embafla- dour is refolved into a private man, and may worthi- ly be punifhed, as in the cales of Bernardinus Men- — ee ——<—= * Set bis cafe doza and the Bifhop of * Rofle. Yeahe will not {0} sargely discus | fed in Cambd. uch as break forth publickly into any difcourfe | bpd So which he knows will be diftafttull in that Countrey | 4 civitians, | wherein he is employed. Learned Bodin, who famel” '*”* feventy years fince waited on Moniieur into Eagland, was here, chongh highly adiaired for his learning,con- demned much for his indifcretion, 1f his “corrivals pen | * Francife. may be credited..For being.fealted at an Englith phates |Lordstable, hefellintothe odious difceurle, Phat a Ste Princefle, meaning Mary Queen of Scots, was after ‘Queen ‘Elizabeth the prefumptive Inheritrix of the Englifh Crown, notwithftanding an Englifh Law feemed to exclude thofe which are born out of the Hand. And yet, faid he, I know not Where this Law 4s, for all | : Tt 3 the ee ll j | | | | i | 326 The Holy State. Book IV. | | the diligence that I have ufed to find it out: To whom it | | \was fuddenly replyed by the Lord that entertain’d | | ‘him, You fhall find it written on the back/ftde of your Salick | | Law : a judicious and biting rebound. | 49 | Fle is carefull of fufpiciows complying with that ‘Prince to} | | whom he ts Jentzas to receive from him any extraordinary | | | gifts,much lefle penfions, which carry with them more | * dem fola3, then an appearance of evil. St* Amias Paulet was lo) sd | {crupulous herein, that being Embafladour in France| | | in the dayes of Queen Elizabeth he would not at his| iG | departure receive from the French King the chain of : gold ( wich is given of courfe ) till he was halt a league out of the city of Paris. 19 | If be hath any libera mandata, unlimited inftructions, | | herein his difcretion is most admirable. | | But what go I about to do ? hereof enough already, at | ifnot too much : it better complying with my_pro- He i | fefsion to practice S. Pauls precept to mine own pa-| i | *2.Cor.s.30.| rifhioners, * Now then we are Embaffadours for Christ, as though God did befeech you by us, we pray you i Chrifts Stead, | be reconciled to God. | } | i | Cuap. 17. | : The good Generall. T He Souldier . whom we formerly defcribed, hath | fince by the ftairs of his own deferts climb d up | | Ito be a Generall, and now we come, to character | | him. | ae 1| He ts pious in the ordering of his own life. Some falfely, conceive that Religion Morlech the fpirit of a Gene-| | rall, as bad asa rainy day doth his plume of feathers, | | | making it droop, and hang down; whereas indeed Pie-| ty onely begets true Prowelle. | = Fle acknowledgeth God the Generalifsimo of all armies; who : i all battels, though the number be never fo une-| quall, | ‘ =—=s —— es Se reas oe ee > ee ee eee ee Chap. mh Lhe ¢ good Generall “A Aaa) i | qual, celerves the cafting voice for Laacir, Ye et can |T {carce believe what * ‘one tells us, how Walter Ple-) *ritman xe: % denback 'temberg, Mafter of the Teutonick order, with a fmall | feo cio op number flew ina battel an hundred thoufand Muf-| tis | técy C Rée | covite enemies with the lofle of but one man on his | “giopare. t. | ¢a 14, | fide. oa He hath gained skillin his place by long expertence : not 3 beginning to lead others before himfelf ever knew to! roller] having never before ( exc oF in Cock- | [matches eles any battels. Surely they leap belt | ta their providence forward who fetch their rile far theft | | | backward in their experience. | Fe either 1s, or ts prefumed valiant. Indeed courage in| 4. him 1s necellary, though fome think that.a Ganovall | is above valour, who may command others to be fo. | As if it were all one whether courage were his natu- : irally, or by adoption, who can make the valiant | | deeds of others feem his own ; and his reputation for | perfonall manhood once rail’ d. will bear it = up; ‘likea round body, fome force is required to fet it, but.atouch will keep 1 it agoing. Indeed it is extreme indilcretion ( except in extremities ) for him. to be prodigal of his perfon. He is cheerfull and willing in undergoing of labour. Admi- 5 | table are the miracles of an induftrious armie, witnelle the mighty ditch in Cambridge-fhire made by the | Eaft-Angles, commonly call’d Devils-ditch, as if the Pionet 3 hereof came from hell. Thus the eferiinare- nefle of our age, defaming what it fhould imitate, falfely traduces the monuments of their Anceftours | endeavouts. | a ine _ a tt tt tc He loves, and is .beloved of his fouldiers. Whole good “— he attaineth, \. By giving them good words in his {peeches un- tothem. When wages have fometimes acciden- tally fallen fhort fouldiers have accepted the pay- ment in the fair language and promiles of their | | | Generall. = 2. _ By! Sci eee ee eee ee ne ee _ ee — “= “=a See See! en ee <0 "elaine sx eerie tc pong Ot ‘ Nl reer memes Le a * Cambden. Elizab, Anno | i 558, 7 CC bE a ' i | * Cafar.Com- | ment. lib.4. | | J me By partaking with his fouldiers in their paintull . By taking notice, and rewarding of their delerts ; ————— eee The Holy State. Book IV. | | ' | ; t employ ments. When the Englith, at the Spanifh | Fleets approch in eightie eight, drew their {hips | out of Plimouth haven, the Lord Admirall| Howard himfelt* towed a cable, the leaft joynt of whofe exemplarie hand: drew more then | twentie men belfides. | By fharing with them in their wants. When | vigtuals have grown fcanit, {ome Generalls have, pinched themfelves to the fame fare with thetr | fouldiers, who could not complain that ree mefle was bad , whileft their Generall was Fel-| low-commoner with them. | X gt never disinheriting a worthy fouldier of his'| birthright, of the next Office due unto him. For | a worthy man is wounded more deeply by his | own Generalls negleét, then by his enemies | fword : The latter may kill him, but the former | deads his courage, or, whichis worfe, mads A into difcontent , Who had rather others fhould | make a ladder of his dead corps to {cale a city by | it, then a bridge of him whileft alive for his puz| nies to give him the Goe-by, and pafle over him | to preferment. For this reafon chiefly ( befide | fome others )a great and valiant Englifh General] | in the daies of Queen Elizabeth was hated of his | fouldiers , becaule he difpoled Offices by his | own abfolute will, without refpect of orderly advancing fuch as delerved it, which madeaGreat man once falute him with this letter: 8", if you will be pleafed to bestow a Captains place onthe bearer hereof, being a worthy Gentleman, he {hall do that for yon! which never as yet any fouldier did, namely pray to God | for your health and happineffe. Ale is fortunate in what he undertakes. Sucha one was Julius: Cefar , who in * Brittain, a countrey alo | age ee | vered, ee ee ee ee jiapowy, The good Generall. 329 [ | vered, peopled with a valiant Nation, began a Watte, | in Autumne, without apparent advantage, not having | any intelligence there, being to pafle over the fea in | | to a colder climate (an enterprife, faith * one, well Belicia. «. ‘worthy the invincible courage of Cefar, but not of | smplcte cap: his accuftomed prudence ) and yet returned victori- | ne | ous. Indeed God is the fole difpofer of fuccefle : O- | \ther gifts he alfo f{cattereth amongft men, yet fothat | ithey themtfelves {cramble to gather them up ; whereas fuccefte God gives immediately into their hands, on | whom he pleafeth to beftow it. | | He tryeth the forces of a new enemy’ before he encounters | bin. Sampfon is half conquered, when itis known) where his ftrength lies ; and skirmifhes are {couts for the difcovery of the ftrength ofan army, before battel: be given. He makes his flying enemy a bridge of gold,and difarms 9 them of their beft weapon, which is necelsity to fight whether they will or no. Men forced to a battel again{t their intention often conquer beyond their ex- | pectation : {top a flying coward, and he will: turn his |: legges into arms, and lay about him mantully , where- as open him a paflage to elcape, and he will quickly fhut up his courage. But [ dare dwell no longer on this fubject. When the Pope earneftly wrote to King Richard the firft, not to detain in prifon his dear fonne, the Martiall Bi- fhop of Beavois, the King fent the Pope back the ar- mour wherein the Bifhop was taken, with the words | of Jacobs fonnes to their Father, See Whether or no this | be the coat of thy ome. Surely a corflet is no canonicall | coat for me, nor fuits.ic with my Clergy-profelsion to i proceed any further in this warlike defcription ; onely | | we come to give-an example thereof. | | Vv GCG Hain 8. | | ene ——- EE oe TR A SG A cee 4°" quill a aiaartay te asta amine acer d ew te + : ma ; lancer EAE i Vi + 330 The Holy State. ee eee eee sabe ee es j Awe \ \ \ sragiae i] \\ A A a : AA SN . x \S ue | : \ Se Hy GUSTAVUS Adolphus the prous and Vahant Kang of Swe den .He was Slaine inthe Battell at Lutzen, the 16 of November 4 oe ae Oe dged 38 yeares Cuap. 18. The life of Gustavus Avo.tpuus King of Sweden. Gh Adolphus King of Sweden, born Anno Domini 1594 had princely education both for | Arts and Armes. In Italie he learnt the Mathematicks, and in other places abroad, the French, Italian, and Germane tongues, and after he was King, he travelled under the name of M, *G. A. R. S. being the foure initiall letters of his name, and title. ' | ' i | | * Guftawus Adolph. Rex | suecorum DE. Wats in cha- yack, ad finem | 3. part. p.183, He _—<— lifeofG: Adolph. K. of Sweden, 331 | —— Ch. 18. The ee He was but feventeen years old at his Fathers death, | | being left not onely a young King, but alfo in.a young | /kingdome ; for his title to the Crown of Sweden | was but five years old, to wit fince the beginning of | his Fathers reigne: All his bordering Princes ( on the North nothing but the North bounded on him ) were his enemies ; the Duke-Emperour of Mufcovy on the Eaft, the King of Denmark on the Weft, and of Poland on the South : The former two laid claim to parcels, the latter, to all his kingdome. Yet was he too great for them in his minority, both defending his | own, and gaining onthem. Wo be to the kingdome whofe King is a child,yet bleffed is that kingdome whole King, though a child in age, is a mann worth. = Thefe his firt aétions had much of glory, and yet fomewhat: of. pofsibility and credit in them. But Chronicle and belief muft ftrain hard to make. his Germane Conquett probable with pofterity ; coming in with eleven thouland men, having no certain con- fedetates but fome of his alliance, whom the Empe- rour had outed of all their eftates : And yet in two years and foure moneths he left the Emperour in. as bad a cafe almoft, as he found thofe Princes in. Gods Providence herein is chiefly to be admired, who to open him a free entrance into Germany, divert- ed the Imperiall and Spanifh forces into Italy, there to (cramble againft the French for the Dukedome of Mantua. For heaven onely knows how much Prote- fant Aefh the Imperialifts had devoured, if that bone had not ftuck in their teeth. If we look on fecond caufes, we may afcribe his victories to this Kings piety, wifedome, valour, and other virtues. His piety to God was exemplary, being more addicted to prayer then to fight, as if he would rather conquer Heaven then Earth. He was himfelf exceeding temperate, fave onely too much given ‘to anger, but afterwards he would correct himfelf, and Vv2 be ee ee ee el : I I LO LETT A EE EE Sr re ee 6 ee ne a - se 32 The Holy State. Book IV. es rn ty rr ne ibe Be erick with his « choler, fhewing him(elf za }im the one, and a Saint in the ‘other. He was a ftri&t obferver of Martial difcipline, ee life of Warre, without which an Army is but a crowd | (not to fay herd ) of people. He would march all day | /in complete armour, which was by cuftome no more | burthen to him then Ads armes,and to carry his helmet, | NO more trouble then his head ; whileft his example ‘made the fame eafie to all his fouldiers. He was a | Herict punifher of mif{demeanours and wanton intem- | perance in his camp: And yet let me relate this ftory from. one prefent therein. | When firft he entred Germany, he perceived how | | that many women followed his fouldiers, fome being | cheir wives, and fome wanting nothing 6 make hs fo but marriage, yet moft pafsing for their landrefles, ddigh cammonly defiling more then they wath. The King coming toa great river, after his men and ‘the wagons were “pafled over, eaited the bridge to be broken down, hoping fo to be! wid:cofthele feminine ‘impediments , ‘bue they one a fudden lift up a panick fchrick ids pierced the skies,and the fouldiers hearts on the other fide of the river, “whe inftantly vowed notto ftirre a foot farther, except with baggage, and es the women might be fetch’d over, which was done accordingly. = the King finding this all hu- | mout fo generally difperf'd in his men hat i it was dan | gerous to purge it all at once, {miled out his anger a | | the prefent, ated permitted ovbiat he could not amend : | ‘yet this abufe was afterwards reformed by degrees. | He was very mercil fullto any that would fubmit. And as the iron gate miraculoutly opened to S. Peter Lofits own accord, fo his mercy wrought ‘miracles, ‘making many city-9 -gates open to him of them felves. ‘before he ever knoc > ‘d atthem to demand entrance, ‘the inhabitants defiring to fhroud themfelves under |his protection. Yea he was mercifull to thofe places which SS a ee ee ee wt ee — - = Spee ee ——— nr eee Oe ee | — pee = ~ os oe a Ya aE 8. The life of G. Ad olph. K. of § wedens 333 | | which he took by affault,ever detefting the bloudineffe of Tilly at Magdenburg, under the afhes whereof he| buried his honour, coming valiant thither, and deparc- | |ing cruell thence. In fuch cafes he was mercifull to | | I women (not like thofe Generalls who know the dif- | ferences of Sex in their luft, but notin their anger ) yea | the very Jefuites themfelves tafted of his courtefie, | ‘though merrily he laid to their charge, that they would | neither Preach faith to, nor keep faith with others. , | He had the true art ( almoft loft ) of Encamping, | | where he would lie in his Trenches in defpight of all | | enemies,keeping the clock of his own time,and would | fight for no mans pleafure but his own. No feeming | {flight or diforder of his enemies fhould coulen him | ‘into a battel, northeir daring bravado’s anger him | | into it, nor any violence force him to fight, till he | thought fitting himfelf, counting it good: manners in | Warre to take all, but give no advantages. | It was faid of his Armies, that they: ufed to rife | | | | when the fwallows went to bed, when winter began, his forces moft confifting of Northern: Nations, and | a Swede fights best when he can fee his own breath. He al- | wayes kept’a long vacation in the dog-dayes, being | onely a faver ifthe fummer, and a gainer all the yeate Hbefides. His beft hatveft was inthe {now ; and. his fouldiers had moft life in the dead of winter. He made buta fhort cut in taking of cities, many of | whofe fortifications were awonder to behold ; bur | | what were they then to aflault and conquer ? at fcaling | | of walls he was excellent for contriving,as his fouldiers | | ite executing + it feeming awonder - that their bodies | | fhould be made of aire to light to climbe,whole armies were of iron, fo heavy codtrke. Such cities as would | not prefently open unto him, he fhutthem up, and | | | having bufinelle of more importance then to imprifon | |himfelf about one ftrength, he would configne the | eee ‘befieging thereof tofome orher Captain. Andindedd : : Uu 3 he a ae lille vee rearrangement PRE Rr eer eRe ee pas * Duke of Ro- han,in bis come plete Captain Cap. 22. el | he wanted not his Joabs, who when they had reduced | | The Holy State. Book LV. | cities to terms of yielding knew ( with as much wil- dome as loyalty ) to entitle their David to the whole | honour of the action. | He was highly beloved ofhis fouldiers, of whole deferts he kept a faithfull Chronicle in his heart, and | advanced them ‘accordingly. All valiant men were | Swedes to him ; and he differenced men in his efteem by their merits not their countrey. _ Tocometo his death, wherein his reputation fuf- fers in the judgements of fome, for too much hazard- ing of his own perfon in the battel. But furely fome conceived necefsity thereof urged him thereunto. For this his third grand fet battel in Germany, was the third and laft asking of his banes to the Imperiall Crown ; and had they not been forbidden by his death, his marriage in all probability had inftancly followed. Befides, * Never Prince hath founded great Km- pire, but by making warre in perfon, nor hath lost any, but when he made warre by his lieutenants: which made this King the more adventurous. His death is ftill left in uncertainty, whether the va- lour of open enemies, or treachery of falfe friends caufed it. His fide won the day, and yet loft the funne chat made it - and as one faith, Upon this place the great Gustavus dy'd, While/? ~viétory lay bleeding by his fide. Thus the: readieft way to lofe a jewell is to overprife it: for indeed many men fo doted on this worthy Prince, and his victories ( without any default of his, who gave God the glory ) that his death in fome fort feemed neceffary to vindicate Gods honour, who ufually maketh that prop of flefh to break where-| on men lay too great weight of their expectati- | on. After his death, how did men ftruggle to keep him alive in their reports ? partly. out of good. will, saith made - —— eee ene Se enna a ts oveeeeee ewe oe ee a. Gh. 18. The lifeofG. Adolph. Kof Sweden, 335 ~ made them kindle new hopes of his life at every {park | of probability, partly out of infidelity that his death | could be true. Firft they thought fo valiant a Prince | could not live onearth ;and when:they {aw his life, then they thought fo valiant a Prince could never die,| but that his death was rather a concealment for a time, | dayly expecting when the politickly dead fhould have! a Refurrection in fome noble exploit. : [find amoft* learned pen applying thefe Latine| * 2. nakewiu verfes. to this noble Prince, and it is honour en ough | Se Bese for us to tran{late them : : seen s In Templo plus quam Sacerdos. | Ce In Republica plus quam Rex. In fententia dicenda plus quam Senator. | In Fudicio plus quam Furifconfultus. | In Exercitu plus quam Imperator. In Acie plus quam Miles. In adverfis perferendts injurti| que condonandts plus quam pir. | In publica libertate tuenda plus quam Cis. In Amicitia colenda plus quam Amicus. In convictu plus quam famultarts. In venatione ferifque domandis plus quam Leo, In tota reliqua vita plus quam Philofophus. More then a Prieft he in the Church might pafle. More then a Prince in Commonwealth he was. More then a Counfeller in points of State. More then a Lawyer matters to debate. More then a Generall to command outright. More then a Souldier to perform a fight. | More then.a man to bear affliction {trong. | More then a man good to forgive a wrong. More then a Patriot countrey to defend. | True friend{hip to maintain, more then a Eriend. More then familiar fweetly to converle. Andthough in{ports more then a Lion fierce, To hunt and kill the game ; yet he exprelt More then Philofopher in all the reft. neg OL LOT myc &, ——— The eae eae nae 336 I be Holy St. Fatgougel The fJefuites made him to be t the * * Antichrift, and | aut. Anoy. | allowed him three years and an halt of reigne and con- wis Sore ee ueft : But had he lived that full term out, ee true An- chil might have heard further os him, and Romes Tragedy might have had anend, whale fitt Silveiter Pe-| and jaft Adis ftill behind. Yet one * Jefuite, more in- tra Sandai 7) oon genuous then the reft, gives him this teftimony, that, é fave the badneffe of bis cauje and religion, he had nothing deg fective in him Which belonged to an excellent King, and a ‘good | Captain. | ics let this our poore deicription of this King | ferve likea flat grave-itone or plain pavement for the | prefent ; till the richer pen o1 ‘fome Grotius or Heinft- us fhall provide to erect fome ftatelyer Monument unto his Memoty. CuHap. Tbe Prince or Heir apparent to the (rown. Een eek E is the beft pawn of the future felicity of a kingdome. His Fathers Subjects conceive they | take a further eftate of happinedle in the hopes of his | Succefsion. In his infancy he gives prefages of his future Worth. Some fialt-fruits are dilpatch’d before, to bring news to the world of the harveft of virtues ich are ripening in him : his own Royall {pirit prompts him to {ome fpeeches and actions wherein the ftanders by 1 will {carce believe their own eares and eyes, that firch | things can proceed from him : And yet no wonder if | they ebb the fooneft, who live neareft the Eaft, | | teeing Princes have the Adve ntage of the belt birth ae Maxime 1 SE SLO LOS TE OES A, a | fore the com putation of the Englifh calendar : but | \the capacity of Princes goes as many years before | | private mens of the {ame age. Ante- | SE ee er -~-——- FO rt gs oe eae a te ee tate. Book iV. | breeding. The Gt regorian account goes ten dayes be-| t | | i i ee ooo | Chap. 19. The Prince. ' ' anata en ad His worth above his: wealth appears, And virtues go beyond his years. Fle:is: neither kept too long from the knowledge, nor brought | too oon to the acquaintance with his own Greatneffe. To be | | kept too long in diftance from: himfelf, - would:-breed | |in him a foul too narrow for his: place: On the other fide, he needs not to be taught his Greatneffe too foon, |! who will meet with it everywhere. The beft of albis -when his Governours open him to. himfelf by de- rees, that his foul may {pread according to his age. Fle playeth himJelf mto Learning before he is aware of it. Herein muchis to be afcribed to the wifdome of his Teachers, who alwayes prefent Learning unto him (as Angels are painted ) {miling; and! candy over his 'foureft ftudies with pleafure and. delighe, oblerving feafonable time, and fit»method. Not. like many icountrey Schoolmafters, who in their. inftruétions {pill more then they fill, by theirovérhafty pouring of it in. He fympathizeth with him that bya Proxie is: correéted for his offenfe : yea fometimes goeth further,-and ( above his age ) confidereth, that it is but an Embleme, how hereafter his people may be punifhed for his own fault. He hath read ‘how the [fraelites, the fecond of |Sam. 24.17. were plagued for Davids numbring, of them. And yet withall he remembreth bow in the | firft verfe of the fame chapter, The wrath of the Lord was | kindled againSt Irael,and he (by permitting of Satan the inftrument 1. Chron, 21.1.) moved David to number them. And as the ftomach and vitall parts of a:man are often corroded with a rheume falling from the head, yetfo thatthe difaffection of the ftomach farft caufed the breeding ofthe fame offenfive diftillation ; fo our /young Prince takes notice of areciprocation of faults |and punifhments betwixt King and Kingdome (both ‘making up the fame body ) yea that fometimes the | Xx King ; | & | o at eee ' En ae eed ——a See ee - SN SR a ee Antevenit Jortemmeritis, virtutibus, anos. | 2 — eg ~ a ne er ee oe PL eR Ne nn eg eeindateeetmemmeeataeiee teens ne tr ee —_ = _ ng . in Sere at ALLO LOO OL ——— ans The Holy State. Book IV. | ae il m, nyt { ant 7 Why f | | : 8 : - | 33 King is corrected for the peoples offentes, and fo ¢ cone| | tra: Indeed in Relatives neither can be well, if both be | | not. | 5 He is moSt carefull in reading, and attentive in hearing Gods | word. King Edward the fixth ( who, though a Sove- reigne, might ftill in age pafle for a Prince ) accurately | noted the dayes, Texts, and names of Minifters, that | preached before him. Next to Gods word, out Prince | {tudies Bafilicon Doron, that Royall sift, which onely King James was able to give, and onely King James | | his fonne worthy to receive. | He is carefull in chufing and ufing his recreations, refufing | fach which in their very: poftureand fituation are too) low fora Prince. Inall his exercifes he affects somali: | nefle, or rather a kind of carelefnefle in fhew, to make | his adtivities feem the more naturall,& avoids a toyling | ‘and laborious induftry, efpecially teeing each drop of a Princes {weat is a pearl, and not to be thrown away | for no caufe. And Princes are not to reach, but to) trample on recreations, making them their footftool | to heighten their fouls for ferioufneffe, taking them in paflage thereunto. | ! i | His clothes are {uch as may befeem bis Greatneffe : elpeci- | A ally when he folemnly appears, or prefents himfelf to ii foamip Embafladours. Yet he difdains. not to be plain « $', Fr Ne- | at ordinary times. The late *Henrie, Prince of Wales, therfol,in the | ’ ? = pe ee “2 sh gs being cax'd by fome for his too long wearing of a bim, pag. x6. | plain lute of Welch frize ; Would ( {aid he ) my countrey | cloth would last for ever. 8 Fle begins to fiudy bis own countrey, and the people therem : | what places are, what may be tortified . which can withftand along fiege, and which onely can make e ip g hi FS | head againft a prefent infurrection. If his land accoft- | eth the fea. he confidereth what Havens therein ? a are bart’d, whofe dangerous chanells fence them- felves, and their rocks are their blockhoules , what} Keys are rufty with {ands and fhelves, and what are) {coured | os -“~* < x ~ : C=: ay z Es ee ; . 2 ee — a a a al i a Sell . !! —= = a TT LS —- a et eee a ne ee ~~. nt | Chap. 19. The Prince: 339 I {coured with a free and open tide, with what fervice- , ‘able fhips belong thereunto. He takes: notice allo of ‘the men in the land, and difdains his foul fhould be | blurred with unjuft prejudices, but fairly therein writes | every one in order, asthey are ranked by their own | deferts. Hence he looks abroad to fee how his countrey ftands in relation 9 to forrei Kingdomes ; how itis friended with Contede- rates how oppof’d with Enemies.His little eyes can caft a foure glance on the fufpicious greatnelie of any near borderer ; for he conceives others weakned’ by their own diftance. He confiders forrein Kingdomes, and | States, whether they ftand on their own ftrength, or ‘lean on the favour of friends, or onely hang by a Po- acai Geometry, equally poyling themf{elves be- ‘twixt their neighbours, like Lucca and Geneva, the | multitude of enemies mouthes keeping them from being fwallowed up. He quickly perceives that Kings, how nearly foever allied, aremoft of kinne to their own intereft .and though the fame Religion be the beft bond of forrein affection, yet even this breaks too often : 2nd States when wonded, will cure them- felves with a plaifter made of the heart-blood of their beft friends. He tunes his foul in confort to the difpofition of his King-fa-| °° they. Whatfoever his defire be, the leaft word, counte- nance, or figne given, of his fathers difallowance makes him inftantly defift from further purfuit there- of with fatisfaction, in regard he underftands it difa- sreeing to his Majefties pleature, and with a refoluti-| on not to have the leaft femblance of being dilcon-| rented : He hath read how fuch Princes which were undutifull co their Parents either had no children, or children worfe then none, which repai’d their difobe-' dience. Heis alfo kind to his Brothers, and Sifters, whole love and affection he counteth the bulwarks| and redouts for his own fafety and fecurity. : Xx 2 When’ ee — On ee te Pee I ' ee _ ee Ts Oe og : ean | aAe ek od | i Ii * Sy. William Cornwallis in the life of | | | | Prince Hen7y. Eo | ‘ | ‘3 * / COE Te: Ptmeenteay * Fx a A fuccelsive Kings a ee ae Le ee ee AD ae So er “ws The Holy State. Book [V. | When grown to keep a Court by him} elf, heis :arefull in well | ordering it. 1 he forefaid Prince Henries Court confift- | ed of few lefle then five hundred perfons, and yet his | grave and Princely alpec&t gave temper to them all, fo that in fo numerous a familie, not {fo much as any * blows were given. With a frowning countenance he brufheth off from his foul all Court-mothes of flattery: elpecially he is deat to fuch as would advife him, without any, or any juft grounds, when he comes to the Crown, to runne counter to the practice of his Father; and who knowing that muddy water makes the ftrongeft beere, may conceive the . . c ; ~ : - troubling and embroyling of the State will be moft ad- vantagious for their active {pirits. | ndeedieldome two tread in the fame path :if the former be Martiail, though the warre be jutt, honourable, and profitable, yet fome will quarrel with :he time pre- fént, not becaule it is bad, but becaule i és, and put a Prince forward to an alteration. If the former King oO were peaceable, yet happinefle it felf is unhappy in be- ing too common, and many will defire warre ( con- ceited {weet to every palate which never tafted it ) and urge a Prince thereunto. But our Prince knows to eftimate things by their true worth and value, and will not take them upon the credit, whereon others prefent them unto him. He conceives they will be most loving to th branch, which were most loyall to the root, and moft honour'd his father. | | We reade how Henry the fifth ( as yet Prince of Wales) intending to bear out one of his fervants fora milde- meanour, reviled S* William Gafcoine Lord chief Juftice of the Kings Bench to his face in open court, The aged Judge confidered how this hisaction would beget an immortall example,and the echo of his words (ifunpunifhed ) would be refounded for ever to the difgrace of Majefty, which 1s never more on its throne then when either in perfon,or in his {ubltituces, fitting ” as — eae y oO on f | | | ‘ ; ' | | ee ee as en EE SE OR OR OR aS «SE Ane mn ns | Chap. 19. The Prince. A NS TUT Sy ——_ lonthe benchof Juftice , and theretipon commanded ' ' ; ‘ tes Prince tothe prifon, till he had given fatisfaction SO EPI ee rere = ‘to his father for the affront offered. Inftantly down a fell the heart of great Prince Henry, which ( though as | hard as rock ) the breath of Juftice did eafily fhake, } being firft undermin’d with an apprehentfion of his | | own guiltinelle : And King Henry the fourth his father} | is reported greatly to rejoyce, that he had a Judge who} |knew how to command by, anda Sonne who knew | how to fubmit to his Laws.And afterward this Prince) | when King ( firft conquering himfelf, and afterwards | | the French } reduced his Court from being a forreft of | wild trees, tobe an orchard of {weet fruit, banifhing| away his bad companions, and appointing and coun-| tenancing thole to keep the key of his honour, who, had lock’d up his fathers moft faithfully. | Fle fhews himfelf to the people on fit occafions. lt 1s hard to | fay whether he fees or is {een with more love and de-| light. Every one that brings an eye to gaze on him, | brings alfo an heart to pray forhim. But his fubjects, in reverfion moft rejoyce to fee him in his military ex-| ercifes, wifhing him as mitch skillto know them, as; little need to ufe them, feeing peace is as farre to be pre- | ferred before victory it felf, as the end is better then the | | | ) | | } ; means. | He values his future Jovereignty, not by impunity in domg evil, but by power to do good. What now his defire is, then his) ability {hall beand he more joyes,that he is a member’ of the true Church, then the fecond in the land. One-| ly he fears to havé a Crown too quickly, and therelore lengthens out his fathers dayes with his prayers for | him, and obedience to hini. And thus we leave Solo-! monto delight in David, David in Solomon, their | people in borh. | } | » ee | ) | —_—_— —-- CHAP. 20.) i aS ie «< a : [oC eee S Book {V. | | 24.2 e [oly State. ook iV. | | | 2 ‘ . ae MES si eRe Sie AR BPE ORID ROSE ENS OP | | | | | — el | ! 35 | = A fg ; y | heh } = | 2a : | | hh iy Z pra ta — SSS N\\ ) pe Z AW = —— 8d); ys) as ZgZ[ = | ! | : | | i | " | | | | : | | i i | | —— | ==> : ley 2 = ) | zB C SS i | | See SS SS SS | | ANNNNANINVRMANANLNLNNUNN SAARINEN EDWARD Prinee of Wales, commonly called the black-| | Prince. He dyed at Canturbury june the 3" 1346. | | Aged 4.6 ycarcs . | ; Cua. 20. The life of Evvvarn the Black Prince. Dward the Black Prince ( fo called from his "Far King Bd dreaded aéts and not from his * complexion ) ed bim bis Fair | WAS the eldeft fonne to Edward the third by Philippa sonnesSPe#4P-| his Queen. He was born Amo 1329, onthe fifteenth | ‘of June, being friday, at Woodftock in Oxfordfhire. | | | His Parents perceiving in him more then ordinary na- | : $ \turall perfections, were carefull to beftow on him fuch ee education in Piety, and Learning, agreeable to his high | birth. | —_ rs, tg EE EE SE OO = SE ere es ~~~ ep smal Ch. 20. The life of Edward the B ee ——— —— birth. The Prince met their care with his towardli- nefle, being apt to take fire, and blaze at the leaft {park of inftruétion put into him. | We find him to be the firft Prince of Wales, whofe | * Charter at this day is extant, with the particular rites | * see the cop of invefticure, which were the Crownet, and Ring of | eae gold with a rod of filver ,worthily beftowed upon him, i ee who may pafle fora miroit of Princes whether we be- 3 hold him in Peace or in Warre. Hein the whole courfe | of his life manifefted a. ftngular obfervance to his Pa- | rents, to comply with, their will and -defire , nor lefle | was the tendernefle of his affection to his Brothers and | Sifters ,whereot he had many. | But as forthe. Martiall performances of this Prince, | they are: {o many. and fo. great that they, would fill whole volumes : we will onely: infift on three of-his moft memorable atchievements, remitting the Reader | for the reft to our Englifh Hiftorians. The felt hall | be ns behaviour in the bartel of * Crefly, againft the ae =f French, wherein Prince Edward, not fully cighteen | éd. she sbira: years old, led the fore front of the Englifh. There was a caufleffe report (the beginning ofa ru- miour. is: fometimes all the ground. thereof ) {pread through the French army, thatthe Englith were Hed : whereupon the French pofted after them, not fo much to overcome ( this they counted done ) but to overtake them, preparing themfelves rather to purlue then to fight. But coming to the town of Crelsy, they found the Englifh fortified in a wooddy place,and attending in good array to give battel. Whereat the French falling | from their hopes were extremely vext (a fools para- dife is a: wifemans hell) finding their enemies faces to ftand where they look’d for their ‘backs. And now both armies prepared to fight, whilett behold Hocks of ravens and vulturs in the aire few thither; bold guefts to come without an invitation : But thele imell-featt birds when they faw the cloth laid (the tents ot two | armies RF lack Prince. 343 — en ee SS Se eee lla a te 9 t ee | ee ' | armies pitch’d ') knew there would be good cheerte, | serves oes et ae iii OLE DLO LOO and came to feed on their carcafes. The Englith divided themfelves' into three. parts : The formoft confifting moft of Archers, led by the Black Prince ; the fecond, by the Earl of Northam- pton , the third, commanded by King Edward in per- (on. The French were treble in number to the Englith, and had in their army the three Kings,ot France, Bohe- mia,and Majorca : Charles Duke of Alenfon, with | ) John the Bohemian King, led the vanguard,the French. | \ Lhe Holy S tate. Book LV | | ee SOT LL LE — | King Philip, the main battel . whileft Amie Duke of | Savoy brought up the rere. The Genoan Archers in the French forefront, wea- ried with marching, were accutd for their flothful- nefle, and could neither get their wages nor good words, which made many of them caft down their bows,and refufe to fight ; the reft had their bowitrings made uleleffe, being wetted with a fudden fhowre which fell on their fide : But Heavens {miling offended more then her weeping, the funne fuddenly {hining out in the face of the French, gave them fo much light that they could not fee. Howevet Duke Charles, breaking through the Ge- noans, furioully charged the fronts of the Englifh, and joyned at hand-ftrokes with the Princes battel, who though fighting moft couragioully was in great dan- ger : Therefore King Edward was fent unto ( who hitherto hovered on a hillock, judicioufly beholding the fight ) to come and refcue his fonne. The King ap- prehending his cafe dangerous but not defperate, and him rather in need then extremity, told the meflen- ger, [s my fonne alive, let him die or conquer, that he may have the honour of the day. : The Englifh were vext, not at his deniall, but their own requeft ; thar they fhould feem to fulpect their Kings fatherly affection, or Martiall skill, as needing a remembrancer to tell him his time. To make amends, they | a ET | | } | | | : | | | | | | | Ch. 20. The life of Edward the BlackPrince. 345 See —————eeeEeEeEeEeE—————E——E (they laid about them manfully , the rather becaufe |they knew thatthe King looked on, to teftifie their | valour, who alfo had the beft cards in his own hand | though he kept them for a revie. | The victory began to incline to the Englifh, when, rather to fettle then get the conqueft,the King ( hither- to a{pectatour ) came in to aé the Epilogue. Man Englifh with fhort knifes forthe nonce ftabb’d the bellies of their enemies, cut the throats of more, letting out their fouls wherefoever they could come at their bodies : and to all fuch as lay languifhing, they gave a {hort acquittance, that they had paid their debt to na- ture. This makes French Writers complain of the Englifh cruelty, and that it had been more honour to the Generall, and profit to the fouldiers to have drawn lefle bloud, and more money in ranfoming captives, efpecially feeing many French Noblemen, who fought like lions, were killd like calves. Others plead that in Warre all wayes and weapons are lawfull, where it is the greateit miftake not to take all advantages. Night came on, and the King commanded no pur- fuit fhould be made for preventing of confufion . for fouldiers {carce follow any order, when they follow their fying enemy; and it was fo late, that it might have proved too foon to make a purfuic. The night proved exceeding dark ( as mourning for the bloud fhed ) nor was the next morning comfort- ed with the rifing of the fun, but remained fad and gloomy,fo that in the mift many French men loft their way, and then their lives, falling into the hands of the Englifh : fo that next dayes gleanings for the number, though not for the quality of the perfons flain, exceed- ed the harveft of the day before. And thus this victory, next to Gods Providence, was juftly afcribed to the Black Princes valour, who there. wonne and wore a- way the Eftridge feathers then the Arms of John King | of Bohemia, there conquer’d and kill’d, and therefore : Yy fince} LLL Ltt tt ta ttt ta NE ——_— CC err } pee ee —_— aan —>— — ed GE Tle Heh State, Book IV. Abacos {ince made the”hereditary Emblemes of honour to the! 344° Princes of Wales. | The battel of Poiétiers followed ten years alter, which was fought betwixt the forefatd Black Prince, ee jand John King of * France. Before the battel began the | | Englifh were reduced to great (traits, their enemies be- | ling fix to one. The French conceived the victory, though not in hand, yet within reach, and their arm _muft be put out not to get but take it. All articles with the Englifh they accounted alms, it being great charity but no policy to compound with them. But what fhall we fay ? warre is a game wherein very often that fide lofeth which layeth the oddes. In probability they might have famifhed the Englifh without fighting | with them, had not they counted it a lean conqueft {fo to bring their enemies to mifery, without any honour to themfelves. | The conclufion was,that the French would have the | ‘Englifh lofe their honour to fave their lives, tendring them unworthy conditions, which being refufed, the ‘battel was begun. The French King made choice of three hundred prime horfmen to make the firft aflaule on the Englith . the election of which three hundred * Pails £- | taade more then a thoufand * heartburnings in his ar- mil, in the life fKing jobn, | MY > every one counted his loyalty or manhood {u- pag. 286. | (nected, who was not chofen into this number ; and this took off the edge of their {pirits againft their enc- mies, and turned it into envy and difdain againit their ' friends. The French horfe charged them very furioully, whom the Englifh entertain’d witha feaft of arrows, ‘firft, fecond, third courfe, all alike. Their horles were galled with the bearded piles, being unuled to feel | {purres in their breafts and butcocks. The beft horfes wete worlt wounded, for their mettall made one wound many, and that arrow which at firft did but | pierce, by their ftruggling did tear andrend. Then would —— nel — a ae ennai ne EC _| Ch, 20. Lhe lifeof Edward the Black Prince. 34:7 | o~ a ——— se = < ‘would they know no riders, and the riders could.” 'know no ranks. and in fuch a confufion, an army | fights againft it felf. One rank fell foul with another, | and the rere was ready to meet with the front : and | the valiant Lord Audley, charging them before they | ' could repair themfelves, overcame all the Horle, Qua | | parte bell ( faith my Authour ) inviéti Galli habebantur. | | The Horfe being put to flight, the Infantry conlifting | moft of poore people ( whereof many came into the | field with conquered hearts, grinded with opprefsion of their Gentry ) counted it neither wit nor manners for them to ftay, when their betters did flie, and made | | poft haft after them. Six thoufand common fouldiers | | were (lain, fifty two Lords, and feventeen hundred Knights and Efquires ; one hundred Enfignes taken, | with John the French King, and two thouland prifo- ners of note. The French had a great advantage of an after-game, if they had returned again, and made head, but they had more mind to make heels, and run away. Prince Edward, whole prowefle herein was con{picuous, overcame his own valour, both in his piety, devoutly giving to God the whole glory of the conqueft, and in his courtefie, with ftately humility entertaining the French Prifoner-King, whom he bountifully feaft- ed that night, though the other could not be merry al- beit he was {upped with great cheere, and knew him- felt to be very welcome. The third performance of this valiant Prince,| wherein we will inftance, was acted in Spain, on this occafion. Peter King of Caftile was driven out ofhis | tN | Se kingdome by Henry his bafe Brother, and the afsift-| ance of fome French forces. Prince Edward on this | Peters petition,and by his own Fathers permifsion, | went with an army into Spain, to re-eftate him in we kingdome: For though this Peter was a notorious Tyrant, (if Authours in painting his deeds do not| Ly? over- | ome ‘ Meee eee a a a a eR a means eT eee eerie ee seocstaeten catia AE AAC ILO —— —— | | | — — Se ee EN ET gE The Holy State. Book IV .| overfhadow them, to make them blacker then they | were ) yet our Prince, not looking into his vices bad his right, thought he was bound to afsift him : For all | Sovereignes are like the ftrings of a Bafevioll equally | tuned to the fame height, fo that by fympathy, he that | coucheth the one moves the other. Belides, he thought : it juft enough to reltore him, becaufe the. French helpt to caft him out. and though Spain was farre off, yet our Prince never counted himfelf out of his own coun- trey, whileftin any part of the world ; valour natura- lizing a brave {pirit through the U niverte. With much adoche etteéted the bufinefle through many difficulties, occafioned partly by the treachery of King Peter, who performed none of the conditions promiled, and partly through the barrennefle of the countrey, fo that the Prince was forced to fell all his own plate ( Spain more needing meat then difhes ) to make provifien for his fouldiers,but efpecially through the diftemper of the climate, the aire ( or fire fhalll fay ) thereof being extreme hot, fo that it is conceived ro have caufed this Princes death, which happened foon after his xeturn. What Englith heart can hold from inveighing againft Spanifh aire which deprived us of fuch a jewell ? were it not that it may feem {ince o have made us fome amends, when lately the breath of our nostrills breathed in that climate, and yet by Gods stovidence was kept there, and retutned thence in health and fafety. Well may this Prince be taken for a Paragon of his age, and place, having the feweft vices, with fo many virtues. Indeed he was fomewhat given to women, our Chronicles fathering two bafe children on him ; fo hard it is to find a Sampion withouta Dalila. And feeing never King of Kings eldeft fonne fince the conqueft before his time’ married a fubjed, | | mutt confefle his Match was much _ beneath | him(elf, taking the double reverfion of a fubjedis bed, marrying | ae ewes ee eeeeeeenennes et A ttn ii NN AL LDL LA ALLL LAD ALLL LLL — Re A EO ee s a el A A Tl aes Soe Chap. 2. The King. . 34.9 _—— a ee —_ ‘ | marrying Joan Counteffe of Salisbury, which had | been twice 2 widow. But her furpalsing beauty | | pleads for him herein, and yet her beauty was the| | meaneft thing about her,being furpafl’d by her virtues. | | And what a worthy woman muft fhe needsbe her felf, | whofe very garter hath given fo much honour to Kings | | and Princes ? | He dyed at Canterbury, June the eighth 1376 in the | | fourty fixth yeare of his agezit being wittily * obferved ne lof the fhort lives of many worthy men, fatuos 4 morte | bisfen. oat defendit ipfa infulfitas ; fi cur plus cateris aliquantulum falis n-' ae fit ( quod miremin ) [tatim putrefcit. ——— — : CuHap. 21. | The King. | | E isa mortall God. This world at the firft had | | no other Charter tor its being, then Gods Fiat : | Kings have the {ame in the Prefent tenfe,I have faid ye are | Gods. We will deforibe him, fet asa good man ( fo! was Henry the third ) then asa good King (fo was | Richard the third) both which meeting together make a King com plete. For he that is not a good man, or but 4 good man, can never be a good Sovereigne. | He is temperate in the ordering of bis own life. O the Man- ; date of a Kings example is abletodo much * efpecially he 1s, 2 | 1 Temperate in his diet. When {chines com-| mended Philip King of Macedon, for a joviall = man that would drink freely, * Demofthenes an- siouieaDe fwered,cthat this was a good quality wna founge,but not an mut benes. a King. : we 2 Continent in his pleafures. Yea Princes lawfull | children are farre ealier provided for then the | rabida fames of a{purious ofipring can be fatished, | whilelt their Paramors and Concubines ( count- | | Yy See ing a eee MaAx1mé 1 ———— ee The Holy State. Book iV. | | + ing it their beft manners to carve for themfelves | all they can come by ) prove intolerably expentive | . toa State. Befides, many rebellions have rifen ont | | of the marriage-bed defiled. | oe | He holds bis Crown immediately from the God of Heaven. * Dan.4.17- | * The most high ruleth in the kingdomes of men, and giveth them | to whomfoever he will. Cujus juf[u nafcuntur bomines, ejus juf]u 4 Ineneusl.5.| conStituuntur Principes, {aitha* Father : Inde illu poteftas pol pag 65, | Unde Spiritus, faith * another. And whofoever fhall re- | mount to the firft originall of Kings, {hall lote his eyes | in difcovering the top thereof, as paft ken, and touch- ing the heavens. We reade of a place in Mount Olivet | ( wherein the laft footfteps, they fay, of our Saviour | | before he afcended into heaven are to be feen ) that it | | will ever lie opento the skies, and will not admit of | Sopa any clofe or * covering to be made over it how coftly concamerati | {Oever, Farre more true is this of the condition of ab- | ; . a _ a | Fors eyusaeer_ | folute Kings, whoin this refpec are ever /fub dio, fo te cate, PRM AIO fuperiour power can be interpofed betwixt sis ae them and heaven. Yea the Character of loyalty Sandiget Fi- | to Kings fo deeply impreff'd in Subjects hearts fhews Autoribus. | that onely Gods finger wrote it there. Hence it is if one | , chance to conceive ill of his Sovereigne, though within | the cabinet of his foul, prelently his own heart grows | jealous of his own heart, and he could wifh the tongue cut out of his tell-tale thoughts, left they {hould accufe themfelves. And though fometimes Re- bels ( Atheifts againft the Gods on earth) may labour to obliterate loyalty in them, yet even then their con- {cience, the ae Aturney, frames Articles againft ithem,andthey ftandin daily fear left Darius Lon- igimanus ( fuicha one is every King ) fhould reach them, and revenge himfelf. 3 Fe claimeth to be fupreme Head on earth over the Church in- his Dominions. Which his power over all perfons and caules Ecclefiafticall 1, Is given him by God, who alone hath the origi- nall propriety thereof. 2 Is —a a ee re ae “~~ Chap. 21. The King. 358 - ———_— —_——-— ee — Le 2; Is derived unto. him,by a prefcription time out | F mind in the Law of N declared more e: | of mind in the Law of Nature, declared more e- | {pecially in the Word of God. 3- Is cleared and averred by the private Laws and: Statutes of that State wherein he lives. wd {ince the Pope ( ftarting up, from being the Em- perours Chaplain to be his Patron ) hath inva- ded the rights of many earthly Princes, many wholfome Laws have been made in feverall Kingdomes to affert and notifie their Kings juft power #2 Spiritualibus. Well therefore may our King look with a frown- | ing faceon fuch, whofe tails meet in this firebrand ( which way foever the profpect of their faces be ) to deny Princes power in Church-matters. Two * Jeftrites | zim e give this farre-fetch’d reafon why * Samuel at the Feaft | their Comments caufed the fhoulder of the Sacrifice to be referved and oh saan kept on purpofe tor Saul to feed on, becauje, fay they, | "* Kings of all men have moft need of [trong fhoulders patiently to | endure thoje many troubles and molestations they [hall meet wath, | efpecially,l may well adde, if all their Subjects were as troublefome and disloyallas the Jeluites, Lhe beft is, as God hath given Kings fhoulders to bear he hath alfo ‘ven them armes to ftrike fuch as deprive them of their lawfull Authority in Ecclefiafticall affairs. 4 He improves bis power to defend true Religion. Sacerdotall Offices though he will not doe, he will caufe them to be done.He will not offer to burn incenfe with Uzziah, et he will burn Idolaters bones with Joliah, I mean — advance Piety by punifhing Profanenelle. God* faith} to his Church, Kings [hall be thy Nurfing-fathers, and their | Oueens thy Nurfing-mothers. And oh let not Princes out of State refule to be fo themfelves, and onely hire o- thers, it belonging to Subjects to fuck, butto Princes to fuckle Religion by their authority. They ought to command Gods Word to be read and. practiled, wherein the blefled Memory of King James {hall ne- | _ le ae <> ella ngs sea reenact yceeaeet ‘at te See i | | | | | 28. > | * Pung, 16, | a2, | * Prov, 20. The Holy State. ~ Book lV | ————— es || ver be forgotten. His Predeceffour in England reftored the Scriprure to her Subjects, but he in a manner, re-_ ftored theScripture to it felf,in caufing the New ‘Tranfla- | tim thereof, whereby the meaneft that can reade En- | olifh, in effect underftands the Greek and Hebrew. A | Princely aét, which fhall laft even when the leafe of | Time {hall be expired: Verily I fay unto you, where- foever this Tranflation fhall be read in the whole | realm, there fhall alfo this that this King hath done be | told in memoriall of him. | He ufeth Mercy and Fuftice in his proceedings againft Of- | onders. Solomon * faith, The throne ws establifhed by | “Fuftice: and Solomon * faith, The throne 1 upholden by Mer- | cy. Which two Proverbs fpeak no more contradiction, | then he that faith that the two oppofice fide-walls of | an houfe hold up the fame roof. Yea as fome Aftro- | nomers ( though etroneoully) conceived the Cryftal- | line Sphere to be made of water,and therefore to be fet next the Primum mobile to allay the heat thereof, which otherwife by the fwiftnefle of his motion would fet all the world on fire, fo Mercy muft ever be fet near Juftice for the cooling and tempering thereof. In his mercy our King defires to relemble the God of heaven, who meafureth his judgements by the ordinary cubit, but his kindneffes by the cubit of the Sanctuary, twice as big ; yea all the world had been a hell without Gods mercy. Fle is rich in having a plentifull exchequer of his peoples hearts. Allow me, {aid Archimedes, to Stand in the aire, and I will move the earth. But our King having a firm footing in his Subjeéts affeétions, what may he do, yea what may he not do? making the coward valiant, the miler liberall, for love, the key of hearts, will open the clo- feft coffers. Mean time how poore is that Prince a- midft all his wealth, whofe Subjects are onely kept by a flavith fear, the jaylour of the foul. An iron arm faft- ned with {crues may be ftronger, but never fo ufefull, becaufe ee ee eee oo a — eine ne i | Chap. 21. T he Ring. Se es. Br ' | | becaule not fe naturall, as an arm of fle Ah j Joine d with} mulcle s & linews.Loving Subjects are moft ferviceable | as being more kindly united to their. Sovereigne then | | thofe which are o nely knock’d on with fear “and for- | | cing. Befides,where Subjects are envaflaled with fear, | ‘F Prince = People mutually watch their own advan- =i -tages, which beimg once’ offered them , ‘tis wonderfull | | | | | | if they do not, and wofullif they:do, makeufé there. | | of. | Ele willingly orders bis a€tions by the Laws of his realm. In-| 7 de ed fome maintain that Princes are too high to come ‘under the roof of any Laws , except they voluntarily of | I cheir soodnefle be ple ealed to bow themfelves thereun- to, ie that itis Corban, agift and courtely, in them to Sabin nit themfelves to ‘ise Laws. But Whiaeldeyer ithe eran of abfolute Monarchy be; our King loves ‘to be | legall in’ all as practices, arid | thinks that his ower is: more fate ely lock’d up fot him-in .his “Laws then kept in hisown will, becaufe God alone makes peaaiings |: lawfull by willing them. whileft the moft cal- | meft Princes have ie tote gufts of Palsioti, which | meeting withwan unlimited Authority in sana may Gwar: dangerous to them and theirs. “Yea our Kine 1S | fo fut picious of an unbounded power in himfelf, th jac shoudl che widenefle of his ftrides could make-all the | hedge ftiles; yet:he will not.go over,bat where he may. Healfo: hearkneth to the advile of ‘good Couitfellers | remembring the peech of Antoninus’ the Emperour Aequins eS ut ego ‘tot talinmque amicorum ¢onfilinm. fequar, | quam tot tale). |que amici meam.unius voluntaten. And yet | withall our King {s carefull tomaintain his juft Prero- gative, that as it-tbe not outftretched, fo it may not be over eccned. | Such a gratious Sovereigne God hath vouchlafed to | this Land. How pious ishe towards his God ! atten- | tive in hearing the Word, preaching Religion with his| | filenée, as the Minifter doth with his (peech ' How lo- | Al Z ving —~ a eo ete et eal ~ — ee Peg eR ae x a ~ aaa ee ad re 7S eee ——— | | >| > | —_ ee en - A nee 2h ar od ving to his Spoule, tender to his Children, faithfull to | his fervants whileft they are faithfull to their own in-| ee ee The Hy State.» Book IV. | NI nocence ; otherwife leaving them to Juftice. under | marks ofhis dilpleafure. How doth he with David walk in the midst of his houfe without partiality to any! How juft: is.he in punifhing wilfull murder ! fo that it is as eafie to reftore the murthered to life, as to keep the murtherer from death. How mercifull is he to {uch who not out of leigier malice, but fudden palsion| may chance to fhed bloud! to whom his pardon hath allowed leifure to drop out theit own fouls in tears by conftant repentance all. the dayes of their lives. How many wholfome Laws hath he enacted. for the sood of his Subjects ! How great is, his humilitie in fo great height ! which maketh his own praifes paintull for himfelf to heare, though pleafant for others to re- port. His Royall virtues are too great to be told, and too great to be conceal’d, All cannot, fome mutft break forth from. the full hearts of fuch asbe his thankful Subjeéts. But I muft either ftay or fall. My fight fails me da- zell’d with the luftre of Mayeftie : all 1 can do is pray. Give the King thy judgements, O Lord, and thy righteoufnefle to the Kings Sonne : {mite through theloins ofthofe that rife up againft his Majeftie, but upon him and his let the Crown flourifh: Oh caufe |. his Subjects to. meet his Princely care-for their good, with a propottionable cheerfulneffe and alacrity in his fervice, that fo thereby the happineffe of Church and State may be continued. Grant this. O Lord, for Chrift Jefis his fake our onely Mediatour and Advo- cate. Amen. The re en ewe a ere — Fatt a cn ncaantnoseneaesenesciesenedesetie pS Hada eh deh ah ad 2 SAME rose PEERS. Ga, i eR RS, 38% THE *: | PROFANE} | 2e-g8 Be STAT E. = BY Trowas. turoeer, B.D, and Prebendarie of Sarun_. BE ARGC IE RE GN A 5s sh eo Ranta sh AaAnaatA Re ae RS IsALAH 32.% 5. The vile perfon [hall be no more called liberall, nor the churl Jaid to be bountiful EZEK. 44. 23. , And they fhall teach my people the difference bet Wixe the Holy and the Profane. Natta asasl Aan AAA A hh DERE RER ale Aan an <—atal LLLLL PEM CHITA YEE GH ATED DR EO EO FOIE ROTTS TORE TE REE ME BORE ME AE ETE Hee RE Be #36 SE SSaul 3 CAMBRIDGE: ‘ qj Printed by RoGcER DANIEL for 35 2¢ Fohn Williams, and are to be fold at the figne 2 of the Crown in S. Pauls Sz Churchyard. 1642. ee ETT ET eT Tee rey es | Sheth tasthelhdhshshsncclaslaaer / fn . Ae RAPA AS ARS sh SR SS OG Ne ———— SO ee ee ee nae « EE, Z ~— 47 4 _——— wh ¥/ . se SAE Hy, 7// Yh he NV { dP \% She is commonly known by her whorifh attire > As cri{ping and curling, ( making her hair as winding and intri- cate as her heart ) painting, wearing naked breafts. The faceindeed ought to be bare, and the haft fhould lie} out | es en enemas ST I eT PTET ae - . - ———E oe - : ~~ " i Se ag ms eS = — ne ee rere I 6 rem tee A ee a ~ Sem oetiteteeee Chap. 1. The Harlot. ao: ty ; 59 | out of the fheath.; but where the back and; edge of the knife are fhown, ’tis.to be feared, they mean to cut the ‘fingers of-others. I muft-contefle fome honeft women | may go thus, but no whit the honefter for. going thus. | Thefhip may have Caftor. and Pollux for the badge, | and. notwithftanding have S. Paul. for the lading: yet| the modefty and difcretion of honeft Matrons were more to be commended, ifthey kept greater diftance from the attire of Harlots. Sometimes fhe ties her felfm marriage to one, that [he.may the] 6 more freely. firay.tomany: and cares not though her hus- | band comes. not within herbed, fo be it he goeth not out beyond the Foure-feas, She ufeth her husband as | an hood, whom fhe cafts. off in the fair weather of pro-| {perity, but puts, him.on for a cover. in adverfity, ifit| chance {he prove. with child. | Yet commonly fhe is as barren as lustfull.. Yea who can ex-| pect that malt fhould grow to bring new increale. Be-| fides, by, many, wicked devices fhe feeks on purpole to make. hex felf barren (a retrograde act to fet Nature back ) making many iflues, that fhe may, have ‘no | iffue, and an hundred more damnable. devices, . | Which wicked projects first from hell did flow, : | | And thither let:the. (ame in.filence go, Best known ap them: who did. them never. know. And yet for all her cunning, God: fometimes meets with her ¢( who, varieth his wayes of dealing with wantons, that they. may be.at alofle in tracing him.) and fometimes again{t her willfhe proves with child, | which though unable: to fpeak, yet tells atthe birth a, plain {tory to the mothers {hame. | At last when her deeds grow moft [hamefull fhe grows moft {hameleffe. So impudent, that fhe her {elf fometimes proves both the poyfon and the antidote, the tempta- | tion and the prefervative ; young men diftafting and abhorring her boldnefle. And thofe wantons, who perchance would willingly have gathered the fruit from ——— ee 4 eee eee | a a — = ——— a J —E 6 ee st ees cats pagent “Ag The Profane State. Book .V. | fruic from the tree, will not feed on fuch fallings.) 9 Generally [he dies very pore. ‘Whe wealth the gets is like “*olavs magus’ the houfes fome build in Gothland, made of * {gow,| Prreiyi no lafting fabrick , the rather, becaufe the who took | a | money of thofe who tafted the top of her wanton-| | nefle, is fain to give it to fuch who will drink out the | | dregs of pes lal. sso ta: sovamh a i” | She dieth commonly of a lothfome difeafe. I mean that dif-| | eafe, unknown to Antiquity created within {ome hun: | | dreds of years, which took the name from Naples. | When hell invented new degrees in {innes, it was time| | | | for heaven to invent new punifhments. ¥ et is this new | | | hod >) -(— ~ ; co} | difealenow grown lo common and ordinary, as if | | they meant to put divine Jufticeto afecond. task to| find out anewer. And now it is high time for our| Harlot,being grown lothfome to her felf, torunne out of her telf by repentance. | he ; Some conceive that when King Henry the eighth | i | deftroyed the publick Stews in this Land ( which till) f | his time ftood on the banks fideon Southwark next| | | the Bear-garden, beafts and beaftly women being very | / | fit neighbours ) he rather (cattered then quenched eo) | | fire of luft in this kingdome, and by turning the flame| i | | out of the chimney where it had a vent, more endan- | | | gered the burning of the Commonwealth.But they are | deceived : for whileft the Laws of the Land tolerated | | lopen uncleannefle, God might juftly have made the| | whole State do penance for whoredome;whereas now |that finne though committed, yet not permitted, and | |though ( God knows ) it be too. generall,1tis ftill but | | perfonall. | . r ’ ; : ' t . : = —— =- ——= SS a ee os. Ty ~ $$ —>_ -- — - -— —_ in ST WM feulp . of Naples which Pradhifes was IIUUNLNDVVANVAANUDNAEYSAA TANIA SR UNL WANILQUALSUEPTHVONVUUULLONN of that Name Oueen ncy and other wicked put to Death. Anno 13 81. fea uv i} 1} IN QN | | | first Incontin her | mn AWN the NI AMY ee AE AP en ~ BOO a ee ee EE ee eS ee tT — .-. ai —_— Chap. 2. The life of Joan Queen of Naples. : 361 Cas ee aes a | The life ofJoan QueenghNaples, | Oan, grandchild to Robert King. of Naples by | JCharles his fonne, fucceeded her orandfather in the | Kingdome of Naples and Sicily, dno 1343. a woman of a beautifull body and rare endowments of nature, had not the heat of her luft foured all the reft of her | perfeétions, whofe wicked life * and wotull death we | > 7sten ourof now come to relate : And I hope none can juftly lay it | Zeclean.s34s to my charge, if the foulnefle of her actions ftain Epi. & Sum through the cleaneft language I can wrap them in. | aeee igs She was farft married. unto her colen Andrew, a} = Prince of royall extraction, and of afweet and loving difpoficion. But he being not able to (atishie her wan- tonnefle, fhe kept company with lewd pertons , at firlt privately, but afterwards fhe prelented her badnetle vifible to every eye, fo that none need look through | the chinks where the doores were open. | Now Elizabeth Queenswof Hungary, her husband Andrews mother, was much offended at the badnefle of her daughter-in-law, whofe deeds werelo foul fhe could not look on them, and fo common {he could not look befides them ; wherefore ina matronly way fhe fairly adviled her to reform’ her courles.-For the lives of Princes are more read then their Laws, and generally more practiled : Yea their example pafleth as current as theit coin, and what they do they feem to command to be done. Cracks in olafle though paft mending are no great matter ; but the leaft daw ina diamond is confiderable : Yea her pet- fonall fault was a nationall injury, which might de- rive and put the Sceptre intoa wrong hand. | Thefe her mild inftructions fhe {harpned with fe- vere threatnings + But no razor will cuta ftony heart. Queen Joan imputed it to ages envy, old people per- \aa : (wading! A LED DE eel nnn ne ee ee ee Se ee NT A I SCL I IES Te es ee re 0 ree + } i ee — OE Ee —= | 0° la a iy tp ise ee —— $$ eee : - ee . tine ——— = = 7 — . ts ae secon a OC A et ———————— nnn me = - eas ee ne er Te | 262 TheProfane State. Book V. | | < —— — {wading youth to leave thole pleafures, which have| ‘left themfelves. Befides, a Mother-in-laws Sermon {el- | \dome takes well with an audience of Daughter-in- | laws. Wherefore the old Queen finding the other paft| grace ( that is never likely to come to it) xelolved no longer to punifh anothers finne on her (elf, and vex| her own righteous foul, but leaving Naples return’d | into Hungary, After her departure Queen Joan grew weary of her husband Andrew, complaining of his infufiiciency, | though thofe who have caninum appetitum are not com- | pecent judges what is fufficient tood : And the cauled | |her husband in the city of Averfa to be hung upona /beam and ftrangled in the night time, and then threw ‘outhis corps intoa garden, where it lay fome dayes| Lunburied. : There goes a* ftory that this Andrew ona day | ‘coming into the Queens chamber, and finding her | 'twifting a thick ftring of filk and filver, demanded | lof her for what purpofe fhe made it : She elena! | Tohang youinit, which he then little believed, the ra-| ther becaufe thofe who intend fuch mifchief never | {peak of it before. But fuch blows in jeft-earneft are | moft dangerous, which one can neither receive in love, | nor refule in anger. | Indeed fhe fought in vain to colour the bufinefle, | |and to divert the fufpicion of the murther from her| felf, becaufe all the world faw that fhe inflicted no| punifhment on the actours of it which were in her power. And in fuch acafe, whena murther is gene-| ‘rally known, the fword of the Magiftrate cannot 'ftand neuter, but doth juftify what ic doth not pu- nifh. - Betides his corps was not cold before fhe was hot in | * Collenufiusyl. 5» Keen, Neop, ' a new love, and married Lewis Prince of Tarentum one ofthe beautifulleft meninthe world. But it was| | | hard for her to pleafe her love and her luftin the fame’ ey pel iON. | emsese a re rr — nie |Chap. 2. The life of Joan Queenof Naples. 363, | cr 'perfon. This Prince walted the ftate of his body to, | pay her the conjugal debt, which fhe extorted beyond | | all modefty or realon, Lo unquenchable was the wild- | fire of her wantonnefle. | | After his death ( fhe hating widowhood as much as : | Nature doth vacuum ) maried James King of Ma- | jorca, and commonly ftyled Prince of Calabria. Some | fay he dyed of a naturall death: Others, that fhe be- | headed him for lying with another woman ( who would fuffer none to be dishoneft but her felf ) O- | ‘thers, that he was unjuftly put to death, and forced to | | change worlds, that fhe might change husbands. | | Her fourth husband was Otho of Brunfwick, wks! | came a Commander out of Germany, with a company of fouldiers and performed excellent fervice in Italy. A good fouldier he was,and it was not the leaft part of his valour to adventure on fo skittifh a beaft: But he ho- ed to feaft his hungry fortune on this reverfion. By all foure husbands fhe had no children ; either becaufe the drougth of her wantonnefle parched the fruit of her wombe : or elfe becaufe provident Nature prevented a generation of Montfters from her. By this ume her finnes were almoft hoarfe with crying to heaven for revenge. They miftake who think divine Juftice fleepeth when ic winks for a while at Offenders. Hitherto fhe had kept herfelf in a whole skin by the rents which were in the Church | of Rome. Forthere being a long tumea Schifme be- twixt two Popes, Urban, and Clement, fhe fo poytfed | her(elf between them both, that fhe efcaped unpunifh- led. This is that Queen Joan that gave Avignon in France ( yet under a pretence of fale) to Pope Urban | and his Succeffours : the ftomach of his Holinefle not | being fo {queamih, but that he would take a good | almes from dirty hands. It may make the chattity of | | Rome fulpicious with the world that fhe hath had {fo} | good fortune to be a gainer by Harlots. | Aas 2 But! | teeta ey Sr eee _ _ = Se ae eee see aa Lt EE ett tt a OE a IO EEN ALO, CEE LIRA ELLOS LLLLLELLES LOC AL. I ETE NN IEE tae en eas en ae ee er ee ee _— -_ ooo [Buc ee now how Charles Prince of D yrachium,be tn et a eee rn a ee The Profane State. Book V._ ‘ing next of kin to Prince Andrew that was murdered, comes out of Hungary with anarmy into Naples to | revenge his uncles bloud. He was received without reliftance of any, his very-name being a Petrard to make all the city-gates fly open where he came. Out | iflues Otho the Queens husband with an army of men out of Naples, and moft ftoutly bids him. battel, but is overthrown , yet washe fuffered fairly to depart the kingdome,difmils’d with this commendation, hat never amore valiant Knight fought in defence of a more vitious Lady. Queen Joan finding it now in vain to bend her fift, fell co bowing of her knees, and having an excellent command of all her palsions fave her luft, fell down flat before Charles the Conquerour, and {ubmitted her felf : Hitherto,faid fhe, I have esteemed thee in place of a fonne, but Jeeing God will have it fo, hereafter I fhall acknowledge thee for my Lord. Charles knew well that Necefsity, her Se- cretary, endited her {peech for her, which came little from her heart. yet,to fhew that he had as plentifull an Exchequer of good language, promif’d her fairly for the prefent : But mercy it felt would be afham/’d to pity fo notorious a malefaétour. After fome moneths im- prifonment fhe was carried to the place where her husband was murder’d, and there accordingly hang’d, and caft out of the window intothe garden, whofe wre Seong corps at laft was buried in the Nunnery of S. Clare. CHAP. 3. a EEL LE LTTE Ct ———— nanaiieed indie Chap. 3. The Witch. 265 4 ga 2 CHAP. 3. | The Witch. | ; : } B Efore we come to defcribe her, we muft premile; and prove certain propofitions, whole truth may otherwife be doubted of. | 1 Formerly there were Witches. Otherwile Gods * Law’ * Exod.18.23. | had fought againft a fhadow, Thou fhalt not Juffer 4 Witch to live : yea we reade how King Saul, who | had formerly {coured Witches out of all Ifrael, | afterwards drank a draught of that puddle him-| felf. 2 There are Witches for the prefent, though thofe Night-birds | fie not Jo frequently im flocks fince the light of the Gofpel.| | | Some ancient arts and myfteries are faid to be loft, | but fure the devil will not wholly let down any | of his gaintull trades. There be many Witches at| this day in Lapland, who fell winds to Mari-| ners for money (and miuft they not needs go | whom the devil drives ?) though we are not bound to believe the old ftory of Ericus King of Swedeland, who hada *cap, andas he turned it) *Zberefare | ; ] t i Wed, Vento- the wind he wifhrd for would blow on that | fas pileus, o- | laus. mae. de fide. a ag de 3 It w very hard to prove a Witch. Infernall contracts | 4. 3. cap. 14. are made without witnefles. She that in prefence | of others will compact with the devil deferves to| be hang’d for her folly as well as impiety. | 4. Many are unjustly accufed for Witches Sometimes out of | ignorance of naturall & mifapplying of fuperna- | turall cautes ; (ometimes out of their neighbours | mere malice, and the fufpicion is increaf’d, if the | party accufed be notorioufly ill-favoured , where- as deformity alone is no mote argument to make her a Witch then handfornneffe had been evidence Aaa 3 to oe a ee ~~ a ee — ——— | to prove her an Harlot ; fometimes out of their | own cauflefle confefsion. Being brought before | | a Magiftrate they acknowledge themfelves to be | | Witches, being themlelves rather bewitch’d with | | fear,or deluded with phancy.But the felf-accufing | | of fome is as little to be credited, as the felf-prai- | fing of others,if alone without other evidence. | | 5 Witches are commonly of the femmuine Jex. Ever fince| Satan tempted our grandmother Eve, he knows | that that fex is moft licorifh to taft, and moft | * Fulgentius in| | Sermon. | | carelefle to {wallow his baits.* Nefcio quid habet : muliebre nomen femper cum facris : if they light well, | they are inferiour to few men in piety, if ill, fupe- | riour to all in fuperftition. | 6 They are commonly distingufhed into white and black | Witches. White, I dare not fay good Witches ( for : | Woe be to him that calleth evil good ) heal thofe that are hurt, and help them to loft goods. But better it is tolap ones pottage likea dog, then to eat it mannetly with a {poon ofthe devils giving : Black Witches hurt, and do mifchief. But in deeds of darknefle there isno difference of co- lours : The white and the black are both guilty alike in compounding with the devil. And now we come to fee by wvhat degrees people arrive at this height of profaneneffe. Maxime 1| — At the firft fhe is onely ignorant, and very malicious. She | hath ufually a bad face, and a worle tongue, given to | railing and curfing,as if conftantly bred on mount | Ebal, yet {peaking perchance worfethen fhe means, | | cae ac ee oN eS ee } though meaning worfe then fhe fhould. Andas the | *Multi dum | [ {Te : > fe vitare ftudene | 2tMIelle wapping of a curf'd curre may ftir up a_| : ; | quevitanda | herce maftiffe to the vvorrying of fheep ; fo on her | non funt, fuga . ype vand pert curfing the devil may take occafion by Gods permilsi- | § iuperiti- rp : ‘ tiof funt,car- | ON to do mifchief, vvithout her knovvledge, and per- dan, de Subtil. : . or ib 8, \chance againft her will. 2 Some have been made * Witches by endeavouring to defend themfeives FS Te ee ee. ee a ee wore gr ee ee mee The WV itch. : 3 67 themfelves again|t witchcraft : for fearing fome fulpecied Witch fhould hurt them, they fence themfelves with | the devils fhield againft the devils fword, put on his whole armour beginning to ule {pells and charms to {afe- | guard themielves. The art is quickly learnt to which nothing but credulity and practice is required ; and they often fall from defending themfelves to offending of others, efpecially the devil not being dainty of his company where he finds welcome . and being invited once he haunts ever after. She begins at foft with domg tricks rather ftrange then burt- 3 full: yea fome of them are pretty and pleafing. But it is dangerous to gather floures that grow on the banks of the pit of hell, for fear of falling in , yea they which play with the devils rattles, will be brought by degrees to wield his fword,and from making of {port they come to doing of mifchief. At laft fhe indents downright with the deyil. He is to find 4 | Chap. 2. — nes her fome toies for atime, and to have her foulin ex- change. At the firit (to give the devil his due ) he ob- ferves the agreement. to keep up his credit, elle none would trade with him,thongh at lafbelae-either. deceives her with an equivocation, or at {ome other {mall hole this Serpent winds out himfelf, and breaks the cove- nants. And where fhall {he poore wretch fue the for- feited band 2? in heaven fhe neither can nor dare ap- ear ; on eatth fhe is hang’d if the contract be proved ; in hell her adverlary is judge, and itis wofull to ap- ea] from the devil to the devil. But fora while let us behold her in her fuppoled felicity. She taketh her free progreffe from one place to another. 5 Sometimes the devil doth locally tran{port her : but he will not be her conttant hackney, to carry fuch lug- gage about, but oftentimes to lave portage deludes her brains in her fleep, fo that they brag of long journeys, whole heads never travell’d €-om their boliters. Thele vvith Drake fail about the vvorld, but it is on an ocean O ———aa ae ee ee * Plinius,lib.2. Cap. 1. ee ES sete ena ———— es nn eg TheProfane State. Book Y. | ‘of their own phancies and in a {hip of the fame:The | | boaft of brave banquets they have been at, but they | | would be very lean fhould they eat no other meat: Others will perlwade, if any lift to believe, that by a Witch-bridle they can make a fair of horfes of an acre of befome-weed. Oh filly fouls ! Oh fubtle Satan that deceived them. With ftrange figures and words fhe Jummons the devils to at- tend her : ufing a language which God never made at the confufion of Tongues . and an interpreter muft be fetch’d from hell to expound it. With thefe, or sie pture abufed, the devil is ready at her fervice. Who | | would fuppofe that roaring lion could fo rinely adt the | {paniel ? one would think he were too old to fuck, and | yet he will do that alfo for advantage. Sometimes fhe enjoyns bim to do more for her then he is able. las to wound thofe whom Gods providence doth arm, or to break through the tents of bleffed Angels ito hurt one of Gods Saints. Here Satan is put to his | fhifts, and his wit muft help him where his power fails ; he either excufeth it, or feemingly performs it, lengthning his own arm by the dimnefle ofher eye, land prefenting the feeming bark of that tree which-he | cannot bring. She lives commonly but very poore. Methinks fhe fhould bewitch to her felfa golden mine, at leaft good meat, and whole clothes : But’tis as rare to fee one of her profefsion as an hangman in an whole fuit. Is the |poflefsion ofthe devils favour here no better ? Lord | what is the reverfion of it hereafter? When arraigned for her life the devil leaves her to the Law to fhift for her fel. He hath worn out all his fhoes in ee former lervice, and will not now go barefoot to | help her ; and the circle of the halter is found to be too | ftrong for all her Spirits. Yea * Zoroaftes himtelf, the firft inventer of Magick(though he laught at his birth) 2 eee SS | led a miferable life, and dyed a wofull death in banifh- stinsonbicctackadactuaapaee ment Eterna ee ooo | Chap. 4. The Witch of Endor. 560 ak Aeeligiepowkataghads Wah: aa | Fa reall one, out of the Scripture, becaufe it fhall be | above all exception ; and then of one deeply fufpected, | out of our own Chronicles. ‘ HAP. . | C 4 : Lhe Witch of* Endor. | L{ Er propet name we neither find, nor need curi- | | oully enquire : without it fhe is defcrib’d enough | | for our knowledge, too much for her fhame. | King Saul had banifh’d all Witches and Sorcerers | ‘out of Ifrael ; but no befom can {weep fo cleanas to leave no crumme of duft behind it: This Witch of En- ce ftill keeps her felf fafe inthe land. God hath his | remmant where Saints are cruelly perfecuted ; Satan alfo his remnant, where offenders are feverely prolecuted, and(if there were no more )the whole jpecies of Witches is prelerved in this mdividuum, till more be provi- ded. [thappened now that King Sauljebeing-ready to fight with the Philiftines, wasin great diftrefle, be- caufe God anfwered him not concerning the fucceffe| of the battel. With the filent, he will be filent : Saul ave no teall anfwer in his obedience to Gods com-| mands, God will give no vocall an{wer to Sauls re- quefts. Mens minds are naturally ambitious to know! things to come: Saul is reftleffe to know the iffue of the fight. Alas, what needed heto fet his teeth on) edge with the foureneffe of that bad tidings, who foon | after was to have his belly full thereof. | He faid to his fervants, Seek me out (no wonder fhe | was fuch a jewellto be fought for )one with a familiar | Spirit + vvhich vvas accordingly perform’d, and Saul! came to her ina difguile. Formerly Samuel told him’ Bb t that re ee ee — a ee et ae ee ne eer ey a , 4 PTE 5 ta Es eee I RE ORE EOS SES TS seta AEP Pe SAD Sor ee eS E RIEL EN a we ‘ | 4 Se = ae | 370 The Profane State. Book V | : ‘that his difobedience was as witchcraft ; now Saul | | falls from the like to the fame, and tradeth with) Witches indeed ( the receiver is as bad as the hie} and at his requeft fhe raifeth up Samuel to come unto him. | What, true Samuel ‘ It is above Satans power to de- | grade a Saint from glory, though for a moment ; fince : his own fall thence, he could fetch none from heaven. Or was it onely thetrue body of Samuel ? no; the retious afhes of the Saints ( the pawn for the return of | their fouls ) are lock’d up fafe in the cabinet of their i | graves, and the devil hath no key unto it. Or laftly was it his feeming body ? he that could not counterfeit | © f20d.8- 1°) the leaft and worft of * worms, could he diflemble | the fhape of one of the beft and greateft of men ? Yet this is moft probable, feeing Satan could change himfelf into an Angel of light, and God gives by him more power at fome times then at other. How- i th eh tt A i ttt ' ever, we will not be too peremptory herein, and build ftanding ftruétures of bold affertions on fo uncertain a foundation : rather with the Rechabites we will live in tents of conjectures, which on better reafon we may | ealily alter and remove. | The devils fpeech looks backward and forward, | relates and foretells : the Hiftoricall part theréof is eafie, : recounting Gods f{peciall favours to Saul, and his in- gratitude to God, and the matter thereof very pious. Not every one that faith Lord, Lord ( whether to him or of him) /hall enter into the kingdome of heaven: for Satan | here ufeth the Lords name fix times in foure verfes. | The Propheticall part of his {peech is harder, how he could foretell to morrow fhalt thou and thy fonnes be with me: what, with me true Samuel in heaven ? that was too good a place ( willfome fay ) forSaul: or with me true Satan in hell ? that was too bad a’place for Jona- than. Whar then ? with me pretended Samuel in d/sy, | in the ftate of the dead. - LL But | i itt eee ——— Chap. 4. TLheWitchof Endor. But how came the Witch or Satan by this know: ledge ‘{urely that uggly monfter never look’d his face in | that beautifull glafle of the Trinity, which (as fome | will have ic) reprefents things to the blefled Angels. | | sh No doubt then he gathered it by experimental col- | lection, who, having kept an exact Ephemerides of all | aétions for more then five thoufand years together,can | thereby make a more then probable ouelle of future | contingents ; the rather becaufe accidents in this wogld | are not {o much new as renewed. Befides, he faw it in the natural). caufes, in the ftrength of the Philiftines, | and weaknefle of the Ifraelitifh army, and in Davids | ripenefle to fucceed Saulin the Throne. Perchance as | vulturs are faid to {mell the earthlinefle ofa dying | corps ;fothis bird of prey refented a worle then earth- ly favour in the foul of Saul, an evidence of his death at hand. Or elfe we may fay the devil knew it by par- ticular revelation ; for God to ufe the devil for his own turn might impart it unto him, to advance wicked | mens repute of Satans power, that they who would .be | deceived fhould be. deceived to believe that. Satan knows more then he does. The difmall news fo frighted Saulythat he fell along onthe earth, and yet at jaft ts perlwaded to arife and eat meat, fhe killing and drefsing a fat calf for him. Vic ally are’ fi hey, can fcarce feed Witches generally are o poore they ; can !carce ee themfelves : fee here one able. to feaft a King. That which goeth into the mouth defileth not : better eat reat of her drefsing, tnen take counfell of her giving , and her hands might be clean, whole foul meddled. with un- clean {pirits. Saul muft eat fomewhar, that he might ‘be ftrengthned to live to be kill’d, as afterwards it came to pafle. And herethe mention of this W itch in Scri- cure vanifheth away, we will follow her no farther. If afterward {he clcaped the: jultice of man, Gods judgement, without her repentance, hath long {ince overtaken her. Bb b2 CHuaPe 54 aa —_—_ on a » Jere ee SSG VO Ne ne Bat ee ee ee Ir e_—_ viet} 5 <9 — - saree | : | | SE I RO a ———e ae ale ie ee ee ee * Gyrard Sti- | ®¥ Nioblemen projected with themfelves to make a cor: gneurdy Haili- xan in Charles | diall for the confumption of the {pirits of their Kin the feventh, OL SEG LL a a IEE A eT EE CE AONE eee a a A a ee Oe ee ee eee T he Profane State. lieder Book \V. | : (CaAat, The lifeof Joan of Arc. Oan of Arc was born in a village called Domren- ny upon the Marches of Bar, near to Vaucoleurs. Her parents, James of Arc and Ifabell, were very poore people, and brought her up to keep fheep.: where for a | while we will leave her, and come to behold the mi-| ferable eftate of the kingdome of France wherein fhe lived. | In her time Charles the feventh was the diftrefled| French King, having onely two entire Provinces lett, him, Gafcoigne and Languedoc and his enemies were, about them, and in all the reft, which were pofleffed by the Englifh, under their young King Henrie = ——— I a oO fixth, and his aged Generalls the Duke of Bedford, and the Earls of Salisbury and Suffolk. Befides they had befieged the city of Orleance, and brought it to that paffe that thé higheft hopes of thole therein re to yield on good terms. | | Matters ftanding inthis wofull cafe, three French 4 and Countreymen -but this feemed a great difficulty to} perform, the French people being fo much dejected : | and when mens hearts are once down, it is hard to | faften any pullies to them to draw them up. However they refolved to pitch upon fome project out of the or- dinary road of accidents;to elevate the peoples phancies | thereby, knowing that mens phancies eafily dlip off | from {mooth and commen things, but ate quickly! catch’'d & longeft kept in fuch plots as have odde angles, and ftrange unufuall corners.in them. Hereupon they concluded to fet up the forefaid' Joan of Arc, to make her pretend that fhe hada reve- | lation’ ; ee SS tates snags WAWIDR: SNS AS \ = Pe TOTTI ae JO AN of Arc the Victorious Leader of the French Armycs ; | \\ | She was condemned by the Enelith for a witch, e” burnt at Rohan | | | july the 6th 461 . bering about 22 yeares of Age . j Page 37 —— $ feta —— ee - tte : eS ete Oe cs is : , 4, | ! ee te ee — AOE i a ee see Sete * , ee . | Chap. 5. Thelifeof Joan of eArc. => 3973 rr en ae lation. from, heaven, to be the leader of an army, ta| | drive all the Englifh outof France: and the being an | | handfome, witty, and bold maid ( about twentie years | of ase) was both apprehenfive of the. plot, and very active to profecute ic. But other Authours will not.ad- mit of any fuch complocting, but make her moved ‘thereunto either of her own, or by fome Spirits infti- | gation. | By the mediation of a Lord fheis brought to the prefence of King Charles, whom fhe inftantly knew, though never feen before, and at that.time of fet pur- ‘pofemuch difguifed. Thisvery thing fome heighten ‘toa miracle though others make it fall much beneath a | wonder, as beingno more then a Scholars ready laying of that leffon, which he hath’ formerly learned with- | out book. To the: King fhe boldly delivers her mel- | fageshow that this was the time wherein the finnes ‘of the Englifh> and the fufferings ot the French, were come to the height, and fhe appointed by the God of heaven to be the: Erench-leader to conquer the Englifh.. Ifthis opportunity were let flip, let\them thank. hea- vens bounty for thetende®, and itheit own folly for the | refufall ; and who would. pity their eternall flavery, | who thruft their own liberty; from themlelves. | He muft be deafindeed. who heares not that {poken ‘which he delires: Charles;itsiumphs at this news : Both his armes were to few too embrace. the. motion. The Fame of her: flies, through France,and all talk of | her, whom the Divines efteem.as Deborah,the Souldi- | ers as Semiramis. People found. outa nelt of miracles ‘in her education; that fo lyon-likea Apiric fhould be | bred amongft theep like David. | | Pywerafter fhe went in mans: clothes.,/ being armed | | Cap-a-pe 5 and mounted onrabraye Stéed and which | | | was a wonder; awhien ihe was: on horleback, none * Gerfom i. | ‘was more boldoand: daring: when” alighted , ane (aoria cujus- | ae ee ILLES EEO LEO ce | EL ELI a — — ee es a — ee: me Ne te pees ere os ee * = ee ee a A : - Ps dam puelle,pan- more tameand meek ; fo thatione could dearce fee her > pon inizinm _ Sa ee es —————— ean cette rT Ae eC te tO tt LC \ ea —— nl iil 374 The Profane State. Book V. ‘for her felf, fhe was fo chang’d and alter’d as if her {pi- ‘tits difmounted with her body. No {word would an ‘pleafe her, but one taken out ofthe * Church of S. Ka- pag.47'. | tharin in Fierebois in Tourain. Her firft fervice was |in twice victualling of Orleance, whileft the Englifh | made no refiftance, as if they had eyes onely to gaze, ka to ‘and no arms to fight. yo4 pythereef | Hence fhe fent a menacing letter to the Earl of | epee etd Suffolk, the Englifh Generall, commanding him in| We O54: Godsand her own name to yield up the keyes of all. ve | good cities to her, the Virgin {ent by God to reftore | them to the Fretich. The letter was. received: with {corn and the trumpeter that brougheit commanded ‘to be burnt,againft the Law of Nations, faith a French | * Du Serves in * Authour, but erroneoufly : for his coming was not ss Fvenc | ‘ : ~ i Oa cate. warranted by the authority of any lawfull Prince, but oeinbah from a private maid how highly foever felf-pretended, who had neither eftate to keep, nor:commilsion to fend a trumpeter. Si Now the miiids of the French were all afloat with | this the conceit'oftheir new General]; which muracu- loufly raifed their Spirits. Phancieis the caftlecom- /manding the city ; and if! once mens heads be pofieft with ftrange itnaginations, the whole body will fol- low,and be infinitely tran{ported therewithall. ie | | her conduct they firft ‘drive away the Englith. from '‘Orleance: nofwas ‘fhea whit daunted, when thot | through her arm with an arrow; buttaking the arrow * Idem.p. 317. in one hand.and her (word in another, T his is a* favour, | faid fhe . let us go on, they cannot efcape'the hand of God : and | fhe never left off, till fhe-had beatem the Englith from the city. And hence this virago ( calbher now John or Joan ) marched ‘ on intosother countreys, which in- ftantly revolted to the Ftench: crown. The example.of| the firtt place: ‘was theaeafon ofall the reft todubmite. The Englifhiia many’ skirmifhes were worfted and defeated with ‘few numbers: «But what thall, .weay 4 when! i Se ee LOL LLL OLLI LO ‘Chap. 5. The life of Joan of eArc. eet een when God intends a Nation fhall be beaten, he ties their hands behind them. | The French followed their blow, lofing no time, | left the height of their Spirits fhould be remitted | (mens Imaginations when once on foot muftever be! kept going, like thofe that goon ftilts in fenny coun-| treys , left ftanding {till they be in danger of fal-| ling)and fo keeping the conceit of their fouldiers at the! height, in one twelvemoneth they recovered the great- eft part of that the Englifh did poflefle. . But fucceffe did afterwards fail this She-Generall : tor feeking to furprife S. Honories ditch near chi’ city of S. Denis, fhe was not onely wounded her! | elf, but alfo loft a Troup of her beft and moft refolute'| fouldiers . and not long after, nigh the city of Com- peigne, being too farre engaged in fight, was taken prifoner by the baftard of Vendofme, who fold her to the Duke of Bedford, and by him fhe was kept a pri-| foner a twelvemoneth in Kohan. : It was much difputed amongft the Sratitts what fhould be done with her: Someheld: that no sir ment was to be inflicted on her, becaufe | Nullum memorabile nomen Foeminea in pena. Cruelty to a woman, Brings honour unto no man. Befides, putting Ler to death would render all En- clifh men suilty which fhould hereafter be taken prt- foners by the French. Her former valour deferved praile, her prefent mifery deferved pity captivity be-| ing no ill action but ill fccefle : let them rather allow her anhonourable penfion, and fo make her valiant deeds their own by rewarding them. However, {fhe ought not to be put to death : for ifthe Englifh would unifh her, they could not more difgrace her then with life, to let her live though in a poore mean way, and then fhe would be the be(t confutation of her own | glorious —_—_—— er A nn SEE : a = — ‘ ee The Profane State. Book V.| | olorious prophefies , let them make her the Laundreffe | tothe Englifh, who was the Leader to the French ar- my. : Againft thefe arguments necelsity of State was urged, | areafon aboveall reafon ; it being in vain to difpute | whether that may be done which muft be done. For the French fuperftition of her could not be reformed except the idole was deftroyed ; and it would {poil the French puppet-playes in this nature for ever after, by | | * Sententia | poft homines | | natos duriffi-| | ma, Pol.Vir. | | pag. 477. * Gerfonin the | book which he | wrote of ber, | after long di/- | cufsing the | point leaves tt | uncertain, but | # rather cha- ritably intli- ned. “Serres,pag. 325. ut prius. { ‘ | was this Joans behaviour, as an occalion to luft. and | | making her an example. Befides fhe was no prifoner of warre, but a prifoner of Juftice, delerving death for her witchcraft and whoredomes ; whereupon fhe was burnt at Rohan the fixth of July 1461, not without the | a{perfion of * cruelty on our Nation. Learned * men are in a great doubt whet to think of her. Some make her a Saint, and in{pired by Gods Spirit, whereby fhe dilcovered {trange fecrets and fore- told thingstocome. She had ever an old* woman which went with her, and tutoured her ; and ‘tis fufpi- cious, feeing this clock could not go withou: that rufty wheel, that thefe things might be done by confedera- > A > cle, though {ome more uncharitable conceive them to | be done by Satan himfelf. Two cuftomes fhe had which can by no way be de- fended. One was her conftant going in mans clothes, 'Hatly againft Scripture: yea mark all the miracles in ‘Gods Word, wherein though mens eftates be often| | chang'd ( poore to rich, bond to free, fick to found, yea ‘dead to living) yet we reade of noold Aion made | |young,no woman Iphis turn’d to a man, or man Tite-| 'fiasto a woman.; but as for their age or fex, where na: | ture places them, there they ftand, and miracle ic {elf | | will not remove them. Utterly unlawfull therefore our Enelifh Writers fay that when fhe wasto becon-| Pal. Pirgil- | demned fhe confeff'd her felfto be with * child to pro-| long her life . but being reprived feven moneths forthe | | triall ee ee ——— Sse eee See [Chap.5. ThelifeofJoanofedrce. 397 | triall thereof, ic was found falfe. But grant her honeft: | _ though fhe did not burn herfelf, yet fhe might kindle | | | \ | oO ' others, and provoke them to wantonnelfle. : | Befides fhe fhaved her hair in the fafhion of a * Fri. | * Geren: er, againft Gods exprefle word, it being alfo a So- | lecifme.in nature, all women being born votaries, and | | the veil of cheit long hair minds them of their obedi- | } } ‘ence they naturally owe to man: yea, without this |comely ornament of hair, their moft glorious beauty | appears as deformed,as the f{unne would be prodigious without beams. Herein fhe had a {mack of Monkery, which makes all the reft the more fulpicious, as seed ifent to maintain as well the Friers as the French ‘Crown. Andif we furvey all the pretended miracles ofthat age, we fhall find what tune foever they fing, ftill they had fomething in the clofe in the favour of Friers, though brought in as by the by, yet perchance chiefly intended, fo that the whole fentence was made for the parenthedis. We will clofe the different opinions which feyerall Authous: have of her with this Epitaph; Flere lies Foan of Arc, the Which Som? count faint, and Jome count Witch : Some count man, and fomething more « Some count maid, and fome a whore : Her life's in question, Wrong, or right ; Fier death's in doubt, by laws, or might. Oh ianocence take heed of it, How thou too near to guilt dost fit. ( Mean time France a wonder Jaw, | | A xoman rule *gainst Salique Law. ) | | : —— But, Reader be content to ftay Thy cenfure, till the Fudgement-day : Then fhalt thou know, and not before, 3 Whether Saint, Witch, Man, Maid, or W hore. | Some conceive that the Englifh conquefts, being come tothe verticall point, would have decayed of Cce themfelves, —— nena ee + arene emmeeees TE TT } ’ | | 47 snc ieoeeaiet COLCLC A A a a ——— nas ne ae ae Hee * Fuftin. Mar- tyr fecund. A. poleg. pro Chyé- ftian-pag.s56. eee — ane The Profane State. B ee REE a - ers ee ow ook V. | is woman never been fet up, which hereofas her action : Though thus a very child may feem to turn the waves of the | fea with his breath, if cafually blowing on them at that very inftant when the tide is to turn of it felf. Sure afeer her death the French went on victorioully, and wonne all from the Englifh, partly by their valour, but more by our diflenfions ; for then began the cruell warres betwixt the Houles of York and Lancafter, ull the Red rofe might become White, by lofing fo much | bloud, and the White role Red by fhedding it. now reaps the honour eee = Cea t, 6. : T he eA theift. He word Atheift is of avery large extent - every Polytheift is in effec an Atheift, for. he that mul- tiplies a Deitie, annihilates it; and he that divides it, deftroyes it. But amongft the heathen we may obferve that who- | foever fought to withdraw people from their idolatry, was prefently indited and arraign’ d of Atheifme. If a- ny Philofopher faw God through cheir Gods, this duft was caft in his eyes, for being more quick-fighted then others, thatiprefently he was condemn’d for an Atheift . and thus Socrates the Pagan Martyr was put to death * as “AS _— ——— Chap. 7. Ibehfe of Cefar Borgia. whileft he lay lick the States: and cities therein reco- | vered their own liberties formerly enjoyed. Indeed this difeafe made Borgia lofe his nails, that he could never after {cratch to doany mifchief . and being banifhed Italie, he fled into Navarre, where he was ob{curely kill’d in a tumulruous infurreGion. He was aman matter in‘the art of diflembling, nez vet looking the fame way he rowed .extremely luft- full, never {paring to tread hen and chickens. At the taking of Capua, where he afsifted the French, he're- ferved * fourty of the faireft Ladies to be abufed by his own wantonnefle. And the prodigality of his luft had long before his death made him bankrupt of all the moyiture in his body, if his Phyficians.had not dayly repaired the decayes therein. . He exaétly knew the operations of all hot and cold poyfons, which would furprile nature on afudden, and which would weary itout with along fiege. He could contract a hundred toads into one drop, and cunningly infule the fame into any pleafanc liquour, as the Italians have poyfon- ing at their fingers.endseByjacg¢. which Feffored Fleze- kiahs * life) he took away the lives ofmany. In'a word, ifhe was not a practicall Atheift, [know not who was. | If any defire to know more of his badneffe, let them reade Machiavills Prince, where Borgia is brought in as an *inftance ofall vilany. And though he deferves to be hifl’d out of Chriftendome, who will open his mouth in the defence of Machiavills precepts, yet fome have dared to defend his perfon , fo that he in his Book fhews not what Princes fhould be, but what then they were, intending that work, not fora glafle for future Kings to drefle themfelves. by, but onely therein to prefent the monftrous face of the Politicians Saint * in all the reft . and thole that knew him, * wit- nefle him tobe of honeft life and manners : fo.chat Ddd2 that a Ee rT ee ae of that Age. Sure he whois a devil inthis book, 1sa/¢ | | | } | gE a * Idem, lib. §- pag. 200. e. * 2, Kings 20, * Nunquam verebor in ex- emplum Va- lentinum fub- jicere, Machi« avel Prince, Cap. 13. pag. 73. * Hes notes on Livy, but efpe- cially bis F jo- veatine Hiffory favours of Reli- 710» * Boiffardus part. 3.1connm i : virovum illu- } fivinm. PEO IOI A AA He You ee ee ee —— 388 The Profane State. Book V. | eg chat eshich hath fharpned the pens of many again |him , is his ‘giving fo many cleanly wipes to the foul| | nofes of the Pope and dralian Prelacy. CTe% P. 8. The Hypocrite. BA | B’ Hypocrite we underftand fuch a one as doth| + sien. (Ifaiah 32. 6.) prathife bypocrifie 5 make. a trade ol ‘lib: 2.contre | Work of diflembling : For otherwife , * Hhypocrifeorum pet ecaden” | macula ‘carere, ait paucorum: eff aut nullorum. ‘The beft of Lust in eadem pete.serm. | Gods children have a fmack of hypocrilie. : | Maxime1.| An Fiypocrite himfelf both the archer and the mark , in all | | aétions [hooting at his own praife or profit. And therefore | he doth all things that they may be feen : What with | others is held’ a principall point in Law, is his main | | ———_———e Se | | | | | fafting’it felf is meat and drink to him, whileft others behold it. } 2 In the. outfide of religion: he out-[hines a fincere Chriftian. Guilt: cups glitter more then thofe of mafsie gold , which are feldome burnifh’d. Yea, well may the Hy- | poctite afford gaudy facing, who cares not for any li- | ning; brave itin the fhop, that hath nothing in the : ware-houle. Nor is ita wonder if in outward fervice | he out-ftrips Gods 'fervants,who out-doeth Gods com- | | mand by will-worfhip, giving God more then he real quires, though not what moft he requires, I mean, his | heart. | ie His vizard is commonly pluckt off in this World. Sincerity | is an entire thing in iefelf » Hypoctifie confilts of feve- | rall ‘pieces cunnifigy clofed together; and fometimes | the Hypocrite is frnote(as Ahab with an arrow,1.Kings | 22.34. ) becwixtthe joynts of his armour , and fo 1s | Maxime in Divinity, To have good witnelle: Even i mortally wounded in his reputation. Now by thefe fhrewd fignesa ‘diflembler is often «difcovered : Firft, heavie ee ee a a SS — eee mommgutemnenten —_— . . — A ttt tie eee Chap. 8. T he Hypocrite. 280 heavie cenfuring of others for light faults: fecondly, boafting of his own goodnefle: thirdly, the unequall beating of his pulfe in matters of pictie, hard, {trong and quick, in publick actions; weak, foft and dull, in private matters : fourthly, fhrinking in petfecution , | for painted faces cannot abide to come nigh the fire. Yet fometimes he goes to the grave neither detected nor Jufpeét- 4 ed. \f Mafters in their art, and living in peaceable mes wherein pietie and profperity do not fall out, but agree well together. Maud, mother to King Henry the fe- cond, being befieged in * Winchefter caftle , counter: | * Gamba Brit. feited herfelf to be dead, and fo was carried outin a —, coffin whereby fhe efcaped. Another time being be-’ fieged at *Oxford in a cold winter, with wearing | * ab. Pe- | white apparell fhe got away in the {now undilCove- | Dom sr4 ‘red. Thus forme Hypocrites by diflembling morttfica- | tion that they are dead to the world, and by profelsing 'a {now-like puricy in their converlations , elcape all their life time undifcerned by mortall eyes. By long diffembling piety he aecesves bimfelf at laft: Yea; 5 he may grow fo infatuated as to conceive himfelf no | diffembler but a fincere Saint. A~feholarwas.to.pol- feffed with his lively perfonating of King Richard the third, ina Colledge-Comedy , that ever after. he was tran{ported with ‘a royall humour in_his large expen- ces, which brought him to beggery, though he had | great preferment. Thus the Hypocrite by long acting | the part of piety, at laft believes himifelt really. :to be | fuch an one, whom at firft he did but counterieit. | | God here knows, and hereafter will make Edypocrites known — | 40 the whole world. Ottocar King of Bohemia refuled to | | do homage to Rodulphus the firft,Emperour,till at baft, | | chaftifed with warte, he was content todo him ho- | et rr re ee ee eee et teens were fe EET emer er err ae ee ~~ — = ‘ | mage pfivately in a tent; which tent was fo contrived I by the’ E er ing © * pantaleon i | by the*Emperours ler vants that by drawing one cord, 2 ore | seas ; ¢ trocar prefented on his |rmperat. tib.de | it Was all taken AW ay and lo Ortoc P - \Tltuftrib.Germ. | knees doing his homage, to the wiew of three Armies | part.2.285. | | Ddd 3 in| nae a aE nae ee 6 " uM ° z rr - _ ~~ eee ee = a -— — = ———————— . : ~ i= ee ee eee 200 ‘ The Profane State. Book V. | ——— oe eee in prefence. Thus God at laft fhall uncafe the clofeft: diflembler to the fight of men angels and devils, ha- ving removed all veils and pretences of piety : no goat in a fheepskin fhall fteal on his right hand at the laft day of judgement. Cur. 9. | T he life of Febu. | | Ehu the fonne of Jehofaphat, the fonne of Nimfhi, | , ~ : | was one of an active {pirit, and therefore employed toconfound the houfe of Ahab ; for God, when he} means to fhave clear, choofes a razour with a fharp edge, and never fendeth a {lug on a meflage that requi- 'reth hatte. | A fonne of the Prophets fent by Elifha privately | anointed him King at Ramoth Gilead, whereupon he | was proclaimed King by the confent of the army. Surely God fent alfo an invifible meflenger to the fouls of his fellow-captains, and anointed their hearts | with the oyl of Subjection, as he did Jehu’s head with the oy! of Sovereignty. Secrecie and celerity are the two wheels of great actions. Jehu had both : he marched to Jezreel tafter then Fame could flie, whole wings he had clipe by ftop- ping all intelligence, that fo at once he might be feen and felt of his enemies. In the way meeting with Jeho- ram and Ahaziah, he conjoyned them in their deaths who conforted together in idolatrie. “The corps of Je-| horam he orders to be caft into Nabaoths vineyard, a garden of herbs royally dung’d ,and watered with bloud. Next he revengeth Gods Prophets on cruell Jezabell, whole wicked carcafe was devoured by dogs to a {mall reverfion,as if a head that plotted,é& hands that pra@til'd fo much mifchief, & feet fo fwift to fhed bloud were not meat good enough tor dogs to eat. ‘Then by a letter he commands | a en ee ee ww ew me re mas - EEE = = OO EC ae | Chap. 9. Thelife of Jehu. Se Fah 291 | } | i rr a mands the heads of Ahabs feventy fonnes (their Guar. | dians turning their executioners ) whofe heads being laid on two heaps at the gate of Jezreel ferved for two | {oft pillows for Jehu to fleep {weetly upon, having all | thofe corrivalls to the Crown taken away. The Priefts of Baal follow after, With.a prettywile | he fetches them all into the temple of their Idole, where having ended their facrifice, they themlelves were {a- crificed. However I dare not acquit Jehu herein. In Holy Fraud I like the Chriftian but not the firname thereof and wonder how any can marry thefe two | together in thefame action, feeing furely the parties were never agreed. This I dare fay, Be it unjutt in Je-| | hu, it was juft with God, that the worthippers of a | falle God fhould be deceived with a feigned wor- | | | | | oo ee ee ee SO Tee ss EE tit * See {hip. Hitherto [like Jehu as wellas Jofiah . his zeal bla- |zedas much: But having now got the Crown, he dilcovers himfelf a difflembling Hypocrite. It was an | | ill fisne when he faid to Jonadab the fonne of Rechab, | | Come with me, and Jeempezeal forthe Lord. Bad inviting | | ouefts to feed their eyes on out soodnefies But Hypo- | | celtes rather then they will lolea drop of praile wil ; | lick it up W ith their own tongue. | Before, he had diflembled with Baal, now he coun- | ‘terfeics with God. He took no heed to walk in the way of | | he Lord God of Ifrael with all his heart : formerly his {word | it had two edges, one cut for Gods glory, the other for his own preferment. He that before drove fo furioully, whileft his private ends whipt on his horles, now will | not go 4 footpace in Gods commandments, He departed not from the golden calves in Dan and Bethel. | | I know what Flefh will objec, that this State-finne Tehu muft commit to maintain his kingdome : for the lions of gold did {upport thethrone of Solomon, but the calves ‘of gold the throne of Jeroboam and his Succeffours. Should he fuffer his Subjects to goup to Je- rufalem Ss ye 8 Ere eee. ar; ee ee ge wees ot oi un Sees - — a enero eS I An ee eae Book V. | a aan so ee | 392 | 3 The Profane State. en LL LALA LE os - | * Exod, 34.23. | falem thrice a yeare (asthe Law * of Moles command- led)this would un-King him in effect,as leaving him no able Subjects to command. And as one in the heathen Poet complains, | Tres [umus imbelles numero, fine virtbus uxor, | Laerte/que Jenex, Telemachufque puer. | : ee Peele ge oe sar a ild Three weaklings we, a wile for watre too mud, | Laertes old, [ dendaehes a child. ea So thrice a yeare fhould Jehu onely be King over firch | an impotent company of old men, women, and chil- dren. Befides, it was to be feared that the ten Tribes going to Jetulalem to worfhip, where they fetch’d, their God, would alfo have their King. | But Faith will anfwer, that God that built Jehu’s | throne without hands, could fupport it without but- | trefles, or being beholden to idolatry : And therefore herein Jehu, who would needs piece out Gods providence with his own carnall policie, was like a toolifh greedy gamefter, who having all the game in| his own hand fteals a needleffe card to aflure himfelf | of winning the flake, and thereby lofes all. For this, 'deep diver was drown‘din his own policie, and Ha-| |zael King of Syria was raifed up by God to trouble and’ moleft them. Yet God rewarded him witha leafe of | the Kingdome of foure fuccefsive lives, who had he! been fincere would have affured him of a Crown here and hereafter. | | | | | | CHAP. iB. LT it | Chap fc, “see Heretick. nee 93 | | Ch ap. 10, Peoria | | | | Tis very difficult accurately to define him. Among ft | the Heathen Atheist was, and amongft Chriftians | Fleretick is the difgracefull word of courfe, alwayes caft | upon thofe who diffent from the predominant current: of the time. Thus thofe who in matters of opinion | vatied trom the * Popes copie the leaft hair-ftroke, are * Hi vider quod omnis condemned for Hereticks. Yea, Virgilius Bifhop of qui non obe- : . dit ftarutis Saltzburg was branded with that cenfure for main-| Romans fedis taining that there were * Antipodes oppofite to the then Gloffain 6. known world. It may be, as Alexander hearing the 7% dif. 19. ? tn verbo Pro- Philofophers difpute of more worlds , Wept that he fratus. had conquered no part of them, fo it grieved the Pope Sage og that thefe Antipodes were not fubjeét to his jurif@iati- | “”” on, which much incenfed his Holinefle againit that ftrange opinion. We will branch the defcription of an Heretick into thefe threepartsss: } Firft, he is one that formerly hath Been 6f the tue Church: *They went out from us, but they Were not of | *1.John 2.19, us. Thele afterwards prove more offenfive to the Church then very Pagans ; as the Englifh-Irith, defcended anciently of Englith Parentage ( be.it {poken with the more fhame to them | and for- row to us ) turning. wild become worfe enemies to our Nation then the Native Irifh them([elves. 2, Maintaining a Fundamentall’ errour. Every {cratch in the hand is not a ftab to the heart. nor doth every falfe opinion make a Heretick; ~~” 3- With obftinacy. Which 1s the dead Aefh, mk- king the green wound of an errour fefter into the old foare of an Herefie, | ) It matters not much what manner of perfon he hath. If beat |, Maxime 1. tifull, perchance the more attractive of feminine fol-| Eee lowers: $$ a | | ?. —EE———— 2 he Profane State. Book V-| | 394 Bae iE: SP ORRTY lowers : If deformed, fo that his body is as odde as his | opinions, he is the more properly entitled to the repu- tation of crooked Samt. His naturall parts are quick and able. Yet hethat fhall| ride ona wingéd horfe to tell him thereof, fhall but | come too late to bring him ftale news of what he| knew too well before. Learning necef] ary in bum if he trades in a criticall errour : but if he onely broches dregs, and deals in fome dull fottifh opinion, a trovell will ferve as well as a pencil | to daub on fuch thick courle colours. Yea in fome Herefies deep ftudying is fo ufeleffe, that the firft thing | they learn, is to inveigh againft all learning. | However fome fmattering. an, the originall tongues will do| well. On occalion Le will let fie whole vollies of Greek land Hebrew. words, whereby he not onely amazeth his ignorant Auditours but alfo in conferences daunteth many of his oppolers, who ( though in all other learn- ing farre his {uperiouts ) may perchance be con{cious | of want of skill in thofe languages, whileft the Here- | tick hereby gains credit to his caufe and perfon. | His behaviour is feemingly very, prows and devout. How | foul foever the poftern and backdoore be, the gate opening to the ftreet is lwept and garnifhed, and his outfide adorned with pretended aufterity. Fe is extremely proud.and difcontented with the times, quat- relling that many beneath him in, piety are above him in place. This pride hath caufed many men which otherwife might have been fhining lights prove {moak-_ ing firebrands in the Church, laying first hammered the heref{te mn himfelf, he then falls to Jeducing of others -{o hard itis for.one to have the itch | and not to {eratch Yea Babylon her felf will alledge, | \that for Sions Jake fhe will not hold. her peace. The necefsity of propogating the truth is errours plea to divulge her falfhoods. Men, as naturally they defire to know, fo they defire what they know fhould be known. | If | ee LLL LLL ALI LLC | —we ee I eS . ot nel ; =a seeRgISETESTI Eres —— ret en ee Chap. io. T he eretick If challenged to a private . difpute, bu wmpudence bears him! out. He counts it the onely errour :o confeffe he hath| erred. His face is of brafle, which may be’ {aid either ever or never to blufh. In difputing his Modus 1s fine | modo ; and as if all figures ( even in Logick ) were magicall, he negleéts all forms o: reafoning, count-' ing that the onely Syllogifme which is his conclufion. | Hee flights any Synod tf condemning his opinions . efteeming the decifions thereof no more then the forfeits ina! barbers {hop, where a Gentleman: pleafure is all the, obligation to pay, and none are bound except they | will bind them {elves: Sometimes he comes to’ be put to death for his obStinacy. In- deed fome charitable Divines have counted it incon-) fiftent withthe lenity of the Gofpel, which is to ex: | ect and endeavour the amendment of all) to put any to death for their falfe opinions and we reade of : | S. Paul ( though the Papifts paint him alwayes with a fword ) that he onely came with 4 rod“ However the * mildeft Authours allow that the Magiftrate may in- flict capitall punifhment on Hereticks, incafesiof 1. Seditionagainft the State “Wherein helives..And indeed fuch is the fympathy betwixt Church and Commonwealth that there are few Herefies, except they be purely {peculaive ( and fol may fay have heads without hancs or any practicall influence ) but in time the violent maintainers of them may makea dangerous imprefsion in the State. Blasphemy again{t God , end thofe points of religion which are awfully tobe believed. For either of thefe our Heretick ‘ometimes willing- ly undergoes death, and then in tie Calendar of his own conceit he canonizeth himfelf for a Saint, yea a Martyr. 2 Eee 2 CHAP. Il. eee ee ~~ a — ae pe *Gerards Common places de Magiitrat. Polit, p. 1047, on ao ne 2 ee aati yee aacne een a ——s ee - . r 4 The Profane S ma Book V._ | CHar. HH. T he rigid Donatists. A Ee Anno Domini He Donatifts werefo called from a double Do- ake natus, whereof the one planted the fect, the other | water'd it,& the devil by Gods permifsion gave the in- |creale. Lhe elder Donatus being one of tolerable | parts, and .intolerable pride, raif’d.a Schifme in Car- thage again{t good Cecilian the Bifhop there, whom he loaded unjultly with many crimes, which he was not able to prove; and vexed with this difgrace he : thought to right his credit by wronging religion, and Out aw | {o began the * herefie of Donatifts. eit His mof{t: dominative tenet was, chat the Church was perifhed from the face of the earth, the reliques thereof onely remaining 1n his party. I inftance the ra- ther-on this Herefie, becaufe the reviving thereof is the ve eee new. difeafe of our times. One* Vibius in Rome was fo like unto Pom pey, ut permutato ftatu Pompetus in illo, ex ille im Pompeto falutari pofsit : Thus the Anabaptifts of our dayes, and fuch-as are Anabaptiftically inclin’d, in all particulars relemble the old Donatifts, abating onely that difference which is neceflarily required to make them alike. ) | The epithet of rigid therefore do adde, to feperate the Donatifts from themlfelves, who feperated them- felves from all othet Chriftians. For there were two ptincipall fides of them : firft, the Rogatifts, from Ro- *Ipfum Fra- | Gatus their teacher, to whom S. Auguftine beareth men urcungue | Witnefle that they bad zeal but not according to knowledge. Prat: tt | hele were pious people for their lives, hating bloudy caeaeg™ practices, though ctroneous in their doctrine. The fos Donaifa ponee® Fathers of that age count them part of the pt lie (atte Chuich, and their brethren, though they them- init elves difclaim’d any fuch brotherhood with other Chriftians. = EL a A A A A Rr a te mend LL LLL ALLELE DLL LLL LO ee 7 oe ~~ eerste ~——- _—_—_— ew ee en meats et teen ee eae NR TI Chap. 1. = Lhe rigid Donatifls. 207 | ee Chriftians. Oh the facred violence of fuch worthy mens charity in plucking thofe to them which th i ited Donatifts, as I may fay, whom they called Circwn- | cellions though as little reafon can be given of their | *$. Ausuft. 72 tend at chis time. ; circum celias . > - | v: Fantur,coune } Their number in fhort time grew not onely to be! Shem fa. caked | whichis rathe winning ; and that Faith is: eafily wrought which! ‘**e tr : o | Etymologie. Numidia, where they ‘began, they over{pread Africa, | { i : s | * y of =~ ° : 238 3 | *Sy H.Spelman in Brittain, where * Pelagianitime mightily reigned | Conncelspag one countrey atthe fame time vifited with a double lague, or elfe becaufe this infe€tion was to come to themfelves away ! But there was another fort of Jefu- % : in fo Bic name as of their opinions, whom we principally in-) 27340" confiderable but terrible : their tenet was plauflible and | pi sii fon teacheth men to believe well of themfelves. From) Spain, France Italie and Rome it felf. We find not any, either becaufe God in -his goodnefle would not have} 446. this Iland in after-ages, turbifhed up under a new name. Their greateft increale was under Julian the Empe- your. [his Apoftate next to no religion loved the wortft religion beft and was a profeff’d friend to all foes of oodnefle. The Donatifts, being punifhed under for- - ver Chriftian Emperours,repaired to him for fuccour, not caring whether it was an Olive ora Bramble they fled to, fo be it afforded them fhelter. They extoll’d him for fuch a godly man ( flattery and falle doétrine | , | * 44 thy > 1* Oudd apud l 2 “0 go evel together ) with whom alone * justice did remain,and elon he re(tored them their good Churches again, & armed fitia lum baberet, Aug. them with many priviledges againft Chriftians. Here-\ conera literas -(ecuti Ali , Petil. ‘lib. 2. upon they raifed a cruell perlecution, killing many | men in the very Churches, murthering women be | infants, defiling virgins, or ravifhing them rather, for confent onely defiles. God keep us trom ftanding in ; } the way where blind zeal is to pafle, for it will tram- ple down all before it,and mercy fhall as foon be) | found at the hands of prevailing cowards. What the| Eee 3 Anabaptifts ne. ail i CE SSS — = =? 8 The Profane Sate. Book Vo eee eas Anabaptifts did in Germany, we -know . what they would do here, had they power, God knows. The beft fecurity we have they will do no harm is becaufe| | | | they cannot. 7 | Wecome to fet down fome of their principall opi- nions : I fay, Principall ; for at laft they did enterfere with all Hereticks, Arians, Macedonians, &c. igno- rant zeal is too blind to go right,and too active to ftand {till : yea allerrours are of kinne, at the fattheft but coulens once removed ; and when men have once left | the truth, their onely quiet home, they will take u theit lodging under any opinion which hath the leaft | {hadow of probability.We will alfo fet down fome of | their reafons, and how they torture Scripture with vio- | lent interpretations to wreft from it a confefsion on | their fide, yet all in vain, | First Pofition. That the true Church was perifhed from the face of the earth, the remnants thereof being onely in parte Do- Fe natt, in that * part of Africa where Donatus and his followers were. The Anabaptifts in like manner ftifle Gods Church by crowding it into their comer, cons fining the monarchy of Chrift in the Gofpel unto their own toparchy, and having a quarrell to the words in the Creed, Catholique Church. The Donatists Reajons. Itis faid, Canticles. 1. 7. Tell me, O thou whom my foul loveth, where thou feedeSt, where thou makest thy flocks to *Quisnon | rest im the South. By this the Donatifts are meant : Affi- 1m de iffi- ° : : ménitatura- |C& Wherein they lived was in the South. SOT FOO Se EO eee liquid in alle- . goria pofitum Confutation. Ee pro fe inter~ An argument drawn from an * allegorie is weak pretari,nifi habeat & ma- {except all the obfcurities therein be firft explained, venga. | Befides,Africa Cefarienfis ( where the Donatifts were ) rumlumine | wasmuch more Weft then South from Judea. But illufrentur cbfcura, ug Gods Church cannot be contraéed to the Chapell of me. Epil. . ; | 48.ad Pincent-| Onatus, to which God himfelf ( the trueft {urveyour) | alloweth a TS at Een ————— pnidlintbiniaece ta ee ee Chap. eee Sh a rigid Donatifts. 255 cai | neha ie FR | alloweth larger bounds, Pfalm. 2. 8. Ask of me, and I | will give thee the Heathen for thine inberitance, and the utter- | most parts of the earth for thy poffe/sion. Now the reftrainers | of the Church to afmall place (as much as in them | lies ) falfifie Gods promile and fhorten Chrifts porti- ‘on. Many other * places {peak the large extent of the | *ptamitev. z ® | lib. 2. C® Ane. Gofpel, Gen. 22.17. Gen. 28. 14. Pfal. 72. 8. &c. pete Second ‘Pofition, | ies cap.6.7° That their Church confifted of an holy compaiy, | pure and undefiled indeed. Thus alfo the Anabaptifts brag of their holinefle, as if nothing elle were required to make men pure but a conceit that they are fo. Sure had they no other fault but want of charity,their hands | could not be clean who throw fo much dirt on other mens faces. Realons. Ic is faid, Ephel. 5. 27. that Christ might prefent to.hum- Jelf a glorious Church, without {pot, ar wrinkle, or any fuch thing, but that it fhould be holy and without blemifh > which the Donatifts appropriate to themifelves. Confutation. | This gloriousspretentasion. of the Church is * perfor- * Aug. ut prins oO | af adP imcentium, med inthe world to come. Here it confifteth oflim=| & pitt. 50. ad ners ( who had rather confefle their wrinkles then Bonific. paint chem ) and had need. to pray dayly, And forgive ws our tre[paffes « Third Pofition. That mixt Communions were infectious, andthe ious promifcuoully recelying with the profane are polluted thereby. Heare the Anabaptizing fing the . R | se leone Liisa & * Protefatio {ame note, ByXprofane and ignorant perfons coming tO the Lords screed a table, ot bers alfo that communicate with them. are guilty of de 7 fame profanation. ‘Reajons. Becaule feverall places of Scripture commend, yea command, a feparation from them. Jerem.. 15. 19-4 4 7 : , » a (2 , Take forth the pretious from the vue. 2. Cor. 6.17. Be yeije- par ite ; Sea ae SR cae maaan 20 oe ee } ——— - ee ee ee ee ee eo eee ce ee ee cen ES EE ER rele St eee Auguft. contr, Don. post Coll. Lib. lA A ARON venta eR cE Eg OS T he Profane State. Book V. | parate and touch no unclean thing. 2. I hefl. 3. 6. Withdrayp | your felves from every brother that walketh diforderly. 1. Cor, 5. 7. Purge Out therefore the old leven 5 KFC. | Confutation. In thefe and the like places two things are enjoy- ned : firft, a feparation from intimate familiarity with profane perfons fecondly , 4 feparation from their Vices and wickednefle, by detefting and difclaimin them: but neither ciyili State-fociety , nor publick Church-communion js hereby prohibited. By purging out the old leven, Church-cenfures are Meant, to excom- municate the openly profane. But that mixt Com- munions pollute not, appears, becaufe S. Paul faith, 1. Cor. 11.°28. But let a man examine himfelf , and fo let bum eat of that bread, &c. but enjoyns not men to ex- amine others; which was neceflary if bad Communi- cants did defile. It neither makes the cheere or wel- come the worfe to fit next to him at Gods table who wants a wedding-garment, for he that touches his per- fon , but difclaims his practices | is as farre from him as the Eaft from the Welt, yeaas heaven from hell. In bodily difeates one may be infeéted: without his knowledge, againft his will : not {6 in {pirituall con- tagions, where * acceditur ad vitium corruptions witio con- Jenfionisand none can be infected again{t their confent. Fourth Pofition. That the godly were bound to fever from. the focie- ty of the wicked, and notto Keep any communion with them. Thus the moft rigid of modern Fadtours for the Independent congregations would draw their | files out of the army of our National] Church, and fer Up 4 congregation wherein Chrift fhall reigne in| Beautie and Puritie. But they may flie fo far from myv- | {ticall Babylon as to run to literal| Babel I mean bring a D | all to confufion, and founder the Commonwealth : | For they that ftride {% Wide at once will with few paces, wi LE +. vo farre Reafan. | tt Oe eee ee —————e eee os _ Chap. it. T he rigid Donatists. 401 — Reafon. Becaule itis written, 2 Cor. 6.14. What * communi- hex se on hath light with darkne/fe 2 and in other places, to the| “43% fame effect. |! Confutation: | The anfwer isthe fame with the former : But the tares fhall grow with the corn. And in the vifible mi- litant Church and kingdome of grace, that wicked men fhall be unfeparablie mingled with the godly, befides our Saviours teftimonie, Matt. 13. 30. thele rea- fons do approve firft, becaufe Hypocrites can never be fevered but by him that can fearch the heart . fecondly, becaufe if men fhould make thefeparation, weak Chri- fians would be counted no Chriftians,and thofe who havea grain of grace under a load of imperfections would be counted reprobates ; thirdly, becaufe Gods veffells of honour from all eternitie, not as yet appear- ing, but wallowing in finne, would be made. cafta- wayes . fourthly, becaufe God by the mixture of the wicked with the godly will try the watchfulnefle and atience of hisefervantsyefutchlys -becanfe thereby he will beftow many favours on the wicked, to clear his juftice, and render them the more inexculable : laftly, becaule the mixture of the wicked, grieving the godly, will make them the more heartily pray for the day of judgement. The defire of future glory makes the godly to cry Come Lord Fe/us ; but the feeling of pre- fent pain ( whereof they are moft fenfible ) caufeth the ingemination, Come Lora Fefus, come quickly. Ina word as it is wholfome for a flock of {fheep for fome goats ito feed amongit them, their bad fent being good Phi- fick for the fheep to keep them from the Shakings ; fo much profit redounds tothe godly by the neceflary mixture of the wicked among{t them, making the pious to ftick the fafter to God and goodnelle. = Fifth Pofition. as Sl That * the efficacie of the Sacrament depends on the | Petit. cap. +. | Fft — 2 eS anal i a. ae dl piety of the Minifter {fo that in effect his piety wath- ‘eth the water in baptifme, and fanctifeth it, whereas the profanenelle of abad man adminiftring it doth un- facrament baptifme it felf, making a nullity thereof. Herein the Anabaptifts joyn hands with them, as ‘tis *7-Pewyp-46.) generally known by their re-baptizing : Yea* fome ie tendingthat way have maintained, that Sacraments ‘received from ignorant and unpreaching Minifters are of no validity. — Reafon. It is written, Matth. 7. 18. 4 good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit. Confutation. This is true of mens perfonall, but not of their mi- * aug. twa. | nifteriall aéts:that Minifter that can adde the word * of 80.ia Fobaxr. |. a: _.- : inftitution to the element,makes a fufficient Sacramert: And Sacraments; like to fhelmeats, may be eaten af- * idem contra | tex fowl hands, without any harm. Cwm” objint indigne Parmen. lib.2, ca : cap. 10, tractantibus, profint tamen digne fumentibus. Yet G od make all Minifters pious, painfull, and able: we, it behold- ing the prefent age, may juftly bemoan their want, who remembring the former age,mutt as juftly admite their plenty. Sixth Pofition. — * raem.tib. x.| That all learning and * eloquence was to be con- ao | demn’d. Late Seétarifts go farther : Greenwood and |"D;Soame | Barrow * moved Queen Elizabeth to abolifh both | writingas | ' i | 2Pag. 4. SL LLL LC tt ttn tas ttn stati, er men wee . gainst them,ub.| Univerfities, Which we believe and wilh may then be done, When all blear eyes bave quite put out the funne. eafon. Becaule learning hath been the caufe of many Here- fies, and difcords in the Church. Confutation. Not learning but the conceit thereof in thofe that wanted it, and the abule thereof in fuch as had it, cau- fed Hereticks. | SR rr ee ee Seventh ee I ae a? - — ——— ee eee ee ET NO nn en en RY ene = SN aR Eee ee te oe Chap. 11. The rigid Donatists. ss 4.03 | Ct Seventh Pofition. That Magiftrates have-no power to compell people to ferve God by outward punifhment : which is alfo the diftill’d pofition of our Anabaptifts, thus blinding the Minifters, and binding the Magiftrate, what work | do they make ? | Reajon. | Becaufe it is a breach of the* liberty of the creature: Aue — The King of heaven gave not men. freewill, for the |«#-s Kings of the earth to take it away from them. Confutation, ’ God gave men freewill to ufe it well . if they abufe it, God gave Magiftrates power to punifh them , elfe they bear the fword in vam. They may command ‘peo- leto ferve God, who herein have no caufe to com- plain ; better to be compell’d to a feaft, Luke 14. 23. then to tunneto a fray. Burthele men who would not have Magittrates compell them, quere whether if they had power they would not compell Magiftrates. The Donatifts alfo did mightily boaft of -miracles and vilions : theyaaadesmething to ftep into the third heaven, and have familiar * dialogues“with God him- |* Donatus ora. vit,refpondet ei elf: they ufed alfo to cite their revelations as argu-| Deus de ceelo, ments for their opinions ; we will truft the coppy of nie Spates ach their vifions to be true, when we fee the originall |” roduc’d : herein the Anabaptifts come fot behind ‘hem. Strange was the Donatifts ambition of Martyr- dome ; they ufed to force fuch as they met to wound them mortally, or violently to ftab and kill them ; and on purpole to fall down from * {teep mountains, —— lwhich one day may wifh the mountains to fall on } re them. For Martyrs are to die willingly but not wil- fully ; and though to die be a debt due to nature, yet he that payes it before the time, may be called upon for repayment to die the fecond death. sanaite | Once many Donatifts met a noble * Gentleman,and cent 65 P| igave him a (word into his hand, commanding him} doers FFE 2 to SE ~ a aaa ee ee _— ee 4.04. | The Profane State. Book V,| to kill them, or threatning to kill him. Yet he refufd ‘to doit, unlefle firft they would fuffer him to bind, i |them all ; for fear, faid he, that when I have kill’d one| Wal or two of you, the reft alter their minds and fall upon me. Having faftbound them all, he loundly whipt them, and fo let them alone. Herein he fhewed more | wit then they wanted, and more charity then wit, de- | nying them their delires, and giving them their deferts, | fecking to make true Saints by marring of falfe Mar-| i yi. Bh | Thefe Donatifts were oppoled by the learned wri- ie | tings of private Fathers,,Optatus Milevitanus, and S.| | Augultine (no. Herefie could bud out, but prefently | his pruning-hook was at it) and by whole Councells, one at Carthage, another at Arles. But the Donatifts, whileft blefsing themfelves,cared not for the Churches Anathema’s, being fo farre from fearing her excom- munications, that they prevented them 1n firft excom- Municating themfelves by feparation ; and they count | Se Kindneife to be fhut out, who would. willingly be| ad Pincentinm.| BONE. Belides, they called’at* Carthage an Anti-coun- cell of their own faction, confilting of two hundred | feventy Bifhops, to confirm their opinions. Lec Truth never challenge Errour at the weapon of number alone, without other arguments ; for {ome Orthodox Coun- cells have had fewer fuffrages inthem, then this Doz : natifticall conventicle ; and we may fee {mall Pocket-| | Bibles, and a great Folio-Alchoran. | | But that which put the period to this Herefie(for after | | the fix hundredth yeare of Chrift the Donatift appears | | hatha taem.| Not, Llooked after his place and be was not to be found ) was | | py agnor = = os = _— ek eS a : | te ae | fruftula, Idem. eises 5 ; | * Petitiaa | partly their own diffenfions, for they * crumbled into nt notfo yi? es | farre asthe ret,| Leverall divifions amongf{t themfelves : Befides the | Mur. lib. 2.d : C % correit. Dna. | HONELt Rogatifts ( of whom before ) they had feverall sis. 2-39, lects, fome more, fome leffe ftriGt, called from their felifia, asin. feverall mafters, Crefconians, * Petilians, Tigpnians, €vt, €0i- . A ° ‘ . Parmentans, Maximians, &c. which much differed lat. 3 die. amoneft | ; J SEA A AT i i stad eae a el _ a = as —— Chap. eee The ‘ gid Donatifts. FOREN eS if 3 NS SS ey RE 4.05 A renatihosd \"Ehuak 52 tes a amongit themlelves. Thus is it giventoall Herefjes | to break out into under-factions, {till going further in| their tenets ; and fuch as take themfelves to be twice refined will count all others tobe but droffe, till there | be as many Hereftes as Hereticks, like the Ammonites. | re : ) fo {cattered by Saul} 1.Sam. 1. 11, that there remained jot | two of them which were together. | z But chietly they were fuppreffed by the civil] Magi- ftrate ( Mofes will do more with a frown then Aaron | with a blow,I mean with Church-cenfures ) for * Ho- | * He caifed the norius the godly Emperour ( with his arm above a’ sleds hick | Fulian granted | herein miles long ) eafily reach’d them in Europe, | the voratifis : ; ‘ . | publicis loci Afia, and Africa, and by punifhments mixt: with the!) Pe cendum in Churches inftructions conyerted and reclaimed very| oe Many. Anno. ra. In fuch a cafe teaching without punifhment had|"”*** done little good, and punifhment without teachin would have done much harm; both mingled together, by Gods blelsing, caufed the converfion of many, and finall fupprefsion of that Herefie. The fame God.ofshisegoodnefie*erant that by the {fame means fuch as revive this Hereéfie nowadayes may have their eyes opened and their mouthes ftopp d, their pride lefle and their knowledge more, that thofe may be ftayed which are going, and thofe'brought back which aregone into their dangerous Opinions. For if the angels in heaven rejoyce at the converlion of a finner, none but devils andmen devilithly «minded will be forrowfull thereat. Oe a eg oe sree EDEN ETO COO ELON LEILA CA LALLA LAA NL LCCC CL Ot ON te tii thie ae a ae eed | | } | | Maxime i. | not be avouched for atrue coppy, that hath leffe in it = - eee ee - —— ne ‘ - The Profane State. Book V. | BP es —~+-—— ro SE LILO LD | | Cuap. 12. The Lyer I one that makes a trade to tell falfhoads with in- tent to deceive. He is either open or lecret. A fe- cret Lyer or Equivocatour is fuch a one as by mentall refervations and other tricks deceives him to whom he | {peaks, being lawfully called to deliver all the truth. And fure fpeech being but a ceppy of the heart, it can- ’ then the originall. Hence it often comes to pafle, When Fefuites unto us anfwer Nay, They do not Englifh {peak, t'is Greek they fay. Such an Equivocatour we leave, more needing a Book then Character to defcribe him. The open Lyer is firft, either Mifchievous, condemn’d by all . fecond- ly, Ofhcious; unlawfull alfo, becaufe doing ill for good tocome of it; thirdly, Jefting, whenin {port and merriment. And though fome count a Jetting lie to be like the dirt of oy{ters, which ( they fay ) rever {tains yet is ita {inne in earneft. What Policie is it for one to wound himfelf to tickle others, and to ftab his own foul-to make the ftanders by {port ?We come to | defcribe the Lyer. At firfi he telles a lie with fome fhame and reluétancy. For | then ifr he cuts off but a lap of Truths carment his | heart {mites him , but in procefle of time he conquers his Confcience, and from quenching it there arifeth a {moak which foots and fouls his foul,{o tha: afterwards he lyeswithout any regret. FHaying made one.lye he is fain to make more tt maintain it. For an untruth wanting a firm foundation needs ma- ny buttreffes. The honour and happirefle of the *Dewt.7-14|* {{raelites is the mifery and mifchief of lyes, Not one amongst them {hall be barren,but miraculoully procreative [to beget others. ES Re } ee a 407 | He hath agood memory which he badly abufeth. Memory | 3 |in a Lyer isno more then needs. For firftlies are hard | 'to be remembred, becaule many, whereastruth is but | | one: feconcly, becaufea lie curforily told takes little | | ' footing and fettled faftnefle in the tellers memory, but | | | prints iC lelfdeeper in the hearers, who take the great-| | er notice becaule of the improbability and deformity | thereof , anc one will remember the fight of a monfter longer then the fight of anhandfome body. Hence comes it to pafle that when the Lyer hath forgotten | himfelf, his Auditours put himvan mind of the lye, and | pee him therein. | Sometimes hough his memory cannot help him from being ar=| 4 | refted for lying, his wit refcues him s which needs a long pce to bring all ends prefently and probably toge- ther, gluingthe {plinters ot his tales fo cunningly that the cracks cannot be perceived. Thus a relique- monger bragged he could fhew a feather of the dove at Chrifts baptifme ;but being to fhew it to the peo- ple, a wag had ftollen away the feather and put.a ‘coal in the ‘oom.ofsdtemliielequothheto the Specta- ‘tours, Tcanne be fo good as my Word for the prefent . but here ces is one of the cols*that broil’'d S. Laurence, and that's worth the bon im exam. cont. Trident. part. ‘ . : eget 4.p.12., Being chalenged for telling a lye no man ws more furioufly an- s yy. Then te draws his {word and threatens, becaufe hethinks that an offer of revenge, to‘ fhew himfelf moved at the accufation, dothin fome fort difcharge him of the .mputation ; as if the condemning ot the finne in appearance acquitted him in effect : or elfe becaufe he raat is call’d a Lyer to his face, is allo callda Coward in the fame breath it he iwallows It ; and the party charged doth conceive that it he vindicates his valour his truth willbe given him into the bar- oain. ; At last he believes bis own lies to be true. He hath told 6 them over znd over fo often, that preicription makes a —_ ene EE ; CeiNg. Pe 4.08 Maxime 1 _—— eee The Profane Sees ok V. | | a right,and he verily believes that at the firft he gather- ed the ftory out of fome authenticall Authour, which onely grew in his own brain. No man elfe believes him when he |peaks the truth. How much gold foever he hathin his cheft, his word is but braife, and pafleth for nothing: yea he is dumb in effect, for itis all one whether one cannot {peak, or cannot be believed. To conclude:Some of the weft Indians to expiate their finne of lying ule to let themfelves bloud in their tongues, and to offer the bloud to their idols : A good cure for the {quinancie, but no {fatisfaétion for lying. Gods word hath taught us better, What profit ts there in my bloud ?"The true repentance of the party wafh’d in the bloud of Chrift can onely obtain pardon for this {inne. Cuarp. 12. The common Barreter- A Barreter is an horfeleach that onely fucks the corrupted bloud of the Law. He trades onely in tricks and quirks : His highway is in by-paths,and he loveth a cavill better then an argument, an evafion then an anfwer. There be two kinds of them :either fuch as fight chemfelves, or are trumpeters in a battel to fet on others. The former is a profeft dueller in the Law that will challenge any, and in all f{uite-combats be either principall or fecond. ‘References ¢ compofitions he hates as bad as an hangman hates a pardon. Had he been a Scholar, he would have main- tained all paradoxes ; if a Chirurgion, he would never have cured a wound but alwayes kept it raw; ifa Souldier, he would have been excellent at a fiege, no- thing but eectio firma would out him. Fe ts half ftarv'din the lent of a long vacation for want of tmployment : ieee _ ee — Dao wot ee nee oe —-s were en Nn teen tent ~= lr eee ee ee Tbe common Barretour,. 4.09 Chap. 12. 7, . ~ . sroach in Term-time, I find one fo much delighted in oe L Law-{port,that when*Lewis the King of France offered | * Stephens " | presses . fave onely that then he brews work: to) if a | | | A pol, for Hes | to eafe him of a number of fuits, he earneftly befoughte , rodotus his -Highnefle to leave him fome twenty or thirty | behind, wherewith he might. merrily pafle away the | time. | He hath this property of an -honef? man, that his word is as’ 3 good as his band , for he will pick the lock of the ftro g- eft conveiance, or creep out at the lattice of a word. | | Wherefore he counts to enter common with others | Las good as his own feverall ; for he will fo vex 0! partners, that they had rather torgoe their right, then undergoe a {uit with him. As for the trumpeter Barre- tour, He fails in with all lis neighbours that fall out, and fpurres them on to go to law. A Gentleman, who in a’ duell was rather {cratcht then wounded, fentfor a Chirurgion, who having opened the wound, charged his man with all {peed to fetch fuch a falve from fuch a place in his ftudy. Why¢laictheGentleran ys the burt fo dangerous ? Qh yes (anfwered the Chirurgion ) if he re- turns not in poft-haSt the wound will cure it felf, and fo I fhall lofe my fee. Thus. the Barretour pofts to the houfes of his neighbours, left the {parks of their {mall difcords fhould go out before he brings them fuell, and fo he be broken by their making up. - Surely he loves not to have the bells rung in a peal, but he likes it rather when they are jangled backward, himfelf having kindled the fire of diflenfion amongft his neighbours. He lives till bis clothes have as many rents as bimfelf bath made 5 difftebons I wonder any fhould be of this trade, when none ever thrived on’t, paying dear rates for their | counfells : for bringing many crack’d titles, they are | fain to fill up their gaping chinks with the more gold. | ButI have done with this wrangling companion, lhalf afraid’ to meddle with him ‘any lofiger left Ggg he } } ns SA AA TT. 5 LT I OSE I AL IOI A i LOE LOLDLELAS LLLLLL ELL ALLL L AALS ALAA LE ODEN LAL LLL EOE ee LOE LE CY TC CE OT EE ee — | 4.40 = Valer. Max. lib. 3 Caps 5. am | Maxime {. | ——— —— — ee Fhe Profane State. Book V.| he fhould commence a fuitagainit me tor delcribing | him. : The Reader may eafily perceive: how this Book of ‘the Profane State would {wellto a great proportion, | 'fhould we therein charaéter all the kinds of vicious | -perfons which ftand in oppofition to thole which are| good. But this pains may well be fpared, feeing that rectum est index fur > oblique ; and the luftre of the good | ' formerly defcribed will fufhciently difcover the enor- | ' mity of thofe which are otherwile. We will therefore | linf¥ance in three principall offenders, and fo con-| clude. : Comarp. 14. | The Degenerous Gentleman. S Ome wilk chalenge this title of incongruity, as if thoferwo words were fo. diflonant, thata whole fentence cannot hold them -for {ure where the Gen-| | tleman is the root, Degenerous cannot bethe fruit. But | }if aaxy quarrell with my words, Valerns Maximus | | fhall be my champion, who ftyleth fiuch, * Nobilia Por- | | tenta. By Gentleman we underftand one whom the He- | ralds (except they will deny their beft Records ) muft, allow of ancient: parentage. Such a one, when a child, | béing kept the devils Nazarite, that no razor of cor-| | rection muftcome upon his headin his fathers family, | | fee what he proves in the procefle of time, brought to | extreme poverty. Herein we intend mo invective glance on thofe pious Gentlemen, whole {tates are con- firmed through Gods fecret. judgement, and none of | the owners vifible defaulk ; onely we meddle with fuch | as by carelefneffe and riot caule their own rine. | | He goes to fchool to learnin jest and play:m cariest. Now | | this Gentleman, now that Gentlewonran begges hima | playday, and now the book muft be thrown away, | \that he may fee the buck hunted. Iie comes to {chool late, oe eee er aaa Chap. an. F late, departs loon, and the whole yeare with him ( like the fortnight. when Chriftmas day falls on a tuefday ), 1s all Holidayes and half-Holidayes. And as the Poets | feigne of Thetis, that fhe drench’d Achilles her fonne in | the Stygian waters, that he might not be wounded | with any weapon ;{o cockering mothers inchant their | fonnes to make them rod-free, which they do by ma-| king fome golden circles in the hand of the Schoolma- fter : thus thefe two conjoyning together make the indenturesto bind the youth to eternall ignorance ; yet perchance he may get fome almes of learning, here a {nap, therea piece of knowledge, but nothing to purpofe. Fits fathers Servingmen ( Which he counts.nomean prefer- ment ) admit him into their foctety. Going to. a drinking match they carry him with them to enter him,and ap- plaud his hopefulneffe, finding him. vicious beyond his age. The Butler makes him free ( having firft pai’d his fees. aceuftomed.).of his own fathers cellar, and guefleth the profoundneffe of his young mafters capa- city by the depth of.the-wihole«onesssetetcheth off. Coming to the Univerfity, bis chief ftudy ts to Study nothing. What is Learning but a cloakbag of books, cumber- fome for a Gentleman to carry ? and the Mufes fit to make wives for Farmers fonnes : perchance his own Tutour,for the promife of the next living ( which not-} withftanding his promife he afterwards fells to ano- ther ) contributes to his undoing, letting him live as he lift : yea, perhaps his own mother ( whileft his father | diets him for his health with a moderate allowance ) makes him furtet underhand by fending him money. Thus whileft {ome complain that the, Univerfity in- fected him, he infected the Univerfitie,from which he fuck’d no milk but poyfoned her nipples. | | At the Innes of Court under pretence to learn Law, he learns to be lawleffe ; not knowing by his fludy fo much as what an Execution means, till he learns it by his own Ggg 2 dear | a eo he Degenerous Gentleman, re EET egy qn er Sy ES TE rs = Te emer. - ae " —_ er ce 4.11 | LEAL Oe CLE NE ep ls ae SOI ST ae oe Or tar ee ee SO LSS I I TELE OS a CO IO I SOE EEC LEE OOO CEO OA LET SI I ee IE I a 27k er reer -_——-_———_ oo =ures | Aid tas The Profane State. Book V. | ee at a ar ) | |dear experience. Here he grows: acquainted with the : | Roaring Boyes, | am afraid {o called by a wolull Prolep- | | fis, Here, for Hereafter. What formerly was counted] | | the chief credit of an Oratour, thefe efteem the honour} of a Swearer, Pronunciation, to mouth an oath with a| oracelefle orace. Thele (as David {faith ) cloath them- | Jelves with curfes as With a garment, and therefore defire to! bein the lateft fafhion beth in thetr cloaths and cur-' fes : Thefe infule all cheir skill into their young novice, | | who fhortly proves fuch a proficient, that he exceeds | his Mafters in all kinds of vicious courfes. | 5 Through the medtation of a Sertvener he grows acquainted with fome great Ufurer. Not is this youngiter (o ravenous, | | as the other is ready to feed him with money, fome-| | Himes with a courteous violence forcing on him more, then he defires, provided the fecurity be good, except | the Ufurer be fo valiant as to hazard the lofing ofa | {mall hook to catch a great fifh, and will adventure to, cruft him, if his eftace in hope be overmealure, though | he him(elf be underage. Now the-areater part of the | money he takes up is not fox his own fpending, but to | | av the {hot of other mens riot. | | 6 After his fathers death he flies out more then ever before. | Formerly he took care for means for his {pending now | he takes care for {pending for his means. His wealth | i ee ee ree Tn re wenger ine ss ot to | is fo deep-a gulf, no riot can ever found the bottome | of it. To make his guefts drunk is the onely feal of | their welcome.His very meaneft fervant may be matter | of the cellar,and thole who deferve no beere may com- : mand the belt wine : fuch dancing by day, fuch | masking by night, {uch roaring, fuch revelling, able | to awake the fleeping afhes of his Great-great-grand- | father, and to fright all blefsing from his‘houte. | 7 Mean time the old foare of his Londonedebts corrupts and | | fefters. He is careleffe to take out the dead Hefh, or to dilcharge either principal or intereft. Such {mall leaks are not worth the ftopping or fearching for till they be | oreatel : See ane ee ++ Oi - } | ne — I SR ree eae Or eR ER : re re i EL a | greater; he fhould undervalue himfelf to pay a fumme| Hbefore it orew confiderable fora man ofhis eftate. Nor can he be more carelefle to pay,then the Ufurer is | willing to continue the debt, knowing that his bands, ‘like infants, battle beit wich {leeping. | Vacation is hts vocation, and he {corns to follow any profefsion: | |and will not be confin’d to any laudable employment. But they who count a calling a prifon, fhall ac laft make a prifon their calling. He inftills alforhis lazie principles into his children, being of the fame opinion with the Neapolitane Gentry, who ftand fo on the * puntoes of their honour, that they preferre robbery before induftry, and will rather fuffer their daughter to make merchandife of her chaftity, chen marrysthe rich- eft merchant. | Drinking ts one of the principall Liberall Sciences he profef[eth. A moft ungentile quality, fit to be banifhed to regues land rags. It was anciently counted Dutch vice, and fwarmed moftin. that countrey. I remember a fad accident which hapned to Fliolmus King of Gothland, | who whileft a Lordetnifuleauled-artis Court, and I both he and his fervants were drunk, tn mere merti- | ment, meaning no harm, they took the King and put Chap. 14. The Degenerous Gentleman. ‘ss ee —_————— $ * Se William Segar in bis Honours milit. | and civill. him in * jeft into a great veflel of beere, and drowned |* ovaus mag. him in earneft. But * one tells us that this ancient and Mariners obferve that as the fea grows dayly fhal- lower and fhallower on the fhoars of Holland and Zeland, tothe channell of late waxeth deeper onthe coafts of Kent and Effex. I pray God if drunkennefle | ebbes in Dutchland, it doth not How in England, and | gain notin the [and what it lofeth in the Continent. Yea fome plead, when everwhelm’d with liquour, that their thirftis but quenched : as well may they fay, chat in Neahs floud the duit was but fufliciently allay- led. ——— — Ea ene Fite | Hist. feptent.p: : ° , ; = * V erltec. ~ habited vice is amongft the Dutch of late years much Rh 3 She ) ee ee 3 sit Gave decreafed : which if it be not, would it were. Sure our |1M&-?- 53 | Ce =. ; | | / —— —— ne -a te lA i — ee | 4nd. The Profane State. Book V. | | — EE anes | : 10 | Gaming Another art ve , [indies much a enticing | «tiv. ib.27, | witch, that hath caufed the ruine of many. * Hanni-| | ball faid of Marcellus, that nec bonam nec malam fortunam : ferre potest, he could be cuiet neither conquerour nor conquered ; thus fuch is the itch of play, that Game- fters neither winning nor lofing can reft contented. | One propounded this queftion, Whether men in {hips | ‘on fea were to be accounted among the living orthe | dead, be@@ufe there were but few inches betwixt them ‘anddrowning. The fame fcruple may be made of great Gamefters, thoughtheir eftates be never fo great, | ‘whether they are to be efteemed poore or rich, there \being but a few cafts at dice betwixt a Gentleman ( in | great game ) anda begger. Our Gallant games deeply, and makes no doubt in confcience to adventure Ad- epee Patronages, and Church-livings in gaming. |He mighe call to mind S: Miles Pateridge, who (as the Souldiers caft lots for Chrift his coat ) plaid at dice so tbmntye |tOF Jelus bells with King Henry the eighth,& wonne | Me oe geo of him. Thus he brought the bells to.ting in his inginafair | ocket, but the ropes afterwards catch’d. about: his Chachi, \neck,and for fome offenfes he was hang’d in the dayes | ee of King Edward the frxth. | | 357 | Then first he fells the outworks of bis State fome Jtragling mane | | nour. Nor is he fenfible of this fale, which makes his| /means More entire, as counting the gathering of fuch| {cattering rents rather burdenfome then profitable. | This he fells at half the value, fo that the feathers will | buy the goofé,and the wood will pay for the ground : | with this money if he ftops the hole to one Creditour, | by his prodigality he prefently opens a wider gappe to | | another. By this time the long dormant Ufurer ramps for the payment of bis money. ‘The Principall, the grandmother, and the | Ule, the daughter, and the Ufe upen ule, the grand- | child, and. perchance a generation farther, hath {welld ‘the debt to an incredible fumme, for the fatisfying| whereof | nn en eee ie Se I Se = = | 12 C Shap. m: he Degeneror ous 6 Gentleman, whereof « _ - Gallant fells the moity of shis eftate. Having fale half he is: land he abates nothing of his expenfes - but ake a hundred pounds a yeare will be enous gh ‘re maintain that for whicha thouland pound was too dittle. He will not ftoop till the falls, nor leffen his. kénnell of dogs, till wath Acteon he bie eaten up with his own hounds. Bein g about to {tak i> e catcheth at every ruph £0 fave hin ‘Percha oy e fometimes he fmatcheth at the chiftle of a | pro} ject, which farfl pricks his hands, andithen breaks. | Herein it may be he adwentured on amiatter wherein | he had no skill himfelt ( mae by letting the Com- | ‘monwealth bloud to fill up his own veins again ) ania} therefore tr ades with his paroners brains; as bis partner | with his purle, ull both milcarry rogether : or -elfe it may be he carch eth hold omthe ‘heel:ot another man, who is in as dangerous a cafe as himfelf, and they em- ‘bracing each other in mutuall bands haften ‘their | drowning together. His laft mannourhe fells twice;to | 2 countrey- Gentleman. and aLondon-u furet, though the laft, as havingeche firfteicte; prevalls'to poflel fe it: Uturers herein being like unto Foxes; they feldome | ‘take ains to digge any hol es themietv es, butiearth in ‘that which the foolifh Badger made for them, and | | dwell in the mannours and ‘fair houfes. which others | | have, built and provided. | Having lost bis own legs, be velyes on the jtafe of bis ‘kinred ‘firkt Vl {iting them as ae int ermutting aAgue, but after. iwards turns a quotidian, wearing their threfholds as| bare as his own coat.At | hh he is as welcomeas.a ftorm, | he that is abroad fhelters himfelt from tt, and he thatas. | at home fhuts the doore. Ifhe intrudes *himfelf, yer 'fome with their jeering tongues give him marry a Sind, but his brazen impuUueNeT | teels nothing . . and tet ake, | be arin’d on free-coft with the pot and the pi pe, he will | } give them leave to fho: ot their Houts-at him tll chey be | we eary. Sometimes he {adh y pa iceth over the _ | 12 | ) TT (Ee we - = ELLE LALA EOE, wore ee eno ne NO 416 The Profane. State. Book V. ~ {he fold, ied i is on fire with anger “witch iii ae Roe his | ‘folly, but prefently quencheth it at the next ale- houtfe. 16 Having undone bimfe If, he Jets up the trade to undoe others. If he can ‘but (crue himfelf into the acquaintance of a rich heir, he rejoyceth as much at the prize as the Hol- landers hen they had intercepted the Plate-Fleer. He tutours this young Gamefter. in vice, leading him a more compendious way to his ruine ae polsibly he could find out of himfelf. And doth not the guide de- ferve tp wages for his direétion ? 17 Perhaps he bekaves himfelf (o bafely that he is degraded . the : fad ‘ad folemn. Ceremonies whereof we may meet with in old Prefidents : but of them all, in my appre- henfion, none {hould make deeper imprel sion in-an ingenuous foul then this one, That at the folemn de- sradation of a Knight for high mifdemeanour, the Se a nn ee pee ee ee ee a ee } * MarkamsDe- * King sand twelve Knights. more did put on iGien: ei 8 ing garments, as.an oonbsletne of forrow for this injury to hovonr: thataman Gentile by—birth and bloud, or hoi rroured by a Princes favour thoul id fo farre forget not onely himfelf but’his Order, as to deferve fo fevere pil- nifhment. His death is as miferable,as his life hath been vicious.An Ho-| {picall is the height he hopes to be advanced to: But commonly he dies not in fo charitable a prifon, but fings his laft note in a cage.Nor is it impofsible, but that | wanting land of his own he may incroch on the | Kings high-way, and there, taking himfelf to be Lord of the foyl, feife on Travellets.as Strayes due unto him, | and fo the hangman give hima wreath more then hed had in his Armes before. If he dyes at liberty in his pilgrimage betwixt the houfes of his acquaintance, per- haps fome well-difpofed Gentleman may pay for his | buriall, and truly mourn at the funerall of an ancient | Family. His children, if any,mutt feck their fortunes | the farther off becaufe their Sather found his too foon, | | bet efore | ten = ne | : | | | | eee ae . ee : ~ ee - —_ -- - --~» — oe (Chap. 1 f. The Degenerous Gentleman, 417 | | before he had wifdometo managethem. Within two, /generations his name is quite forgotten that ever any {uch was in the place, except fome Herald ‘in his vitica- tion paffe by, and chance to {pell his broken’ Arms in a | | Church-window. And then how weak a thing is Gen- ' ‘try,then which (if it wants virtue) brittle glaffe. is the| | ; r i more lafting monument ¢ We forbear to give an inftance of a degenerous Gentle- : |man; would to God the world gave no examples of} inks : «cT | = — Ithem. If any pleafe to look into the forenamed * Vale- | * 4ecoprias ; < sb . | eitata. | tius Maximus.he fhall there find the bafe fon of Scipio | Africanus, the conquerour of Hanniball and Atrick, fo | | ill imitating his father, that for his vicioulnes he recei- | ved many difgracefull repulfes from the people ot | Rome, the fragrant {melli of his Fathers memory ma- king him to ftink the more in their noftrils , yea they forced him to pluck of trom his finger a fignet-ring, whereon the face of his Father was engraven , as counting him unworthy to wear his picture who | would not refemble his virtue. See wis: ee | ae ee el eG EL ALA LD 4.18 The Profane State. Book V. . tn amen TERT CC Ts Ae re —————— —_—_—_——————— | nen Cra, 1. The Traytour. seainf wi Traitour * works by fraud as a Rebell does by vereigne Per- \. force , and in this refpect 1s more dangerous, henge ts " |becaufe there’s lefle ftock -required to fer him up: stare wher” Rebellion muft be managed with many [words, pestering S |Prealon to his Princes perfon may be with one former, becanfe knife, Generally their fuccefle is as bad as their toe other, ex-\Caule, being either detected before , deteated in, or! ot skit \punifhed after their part acted ; detected before, ei- Lews of tha ither by wiltulneffe or weaknelle of thofe which are quired, where 'privie-to 1. ies hae A plotter of ‘Treafon puts bis head into the halter , and Maxime«| the halter into his hand to whom he firft imparts it. He oftentimes reveals it, and by making a foot-ftool | of his friends head, climbs up the higher into the} Princes favour. : 2 Some mens fouls are not ftrong enough, but that aweigh- ty fecret will work a hole through them. 1 hele rather out of folly then falfenefle, unawares let fall words, which are taken up by the judicious eares of fuc who can fpell Treafon by putting together diftra- ted fyllables , and by piecing of broken fenten- ces. Others have their hearts {woln fo great with| hope of what they fhall get, that their bodyes are | too little to hold them , and fo betray themfelves by threatpings and bluftring language. Others have cut their throats with their own hands, their own writings, the beft records, being produced a- | gainft them. And here we muft know, That : 3 Strong pr >fumptions fometimes Jerve for proofs in post of | Treafon : For it being a deed of darknefle, ic is madnefle to look that the Sunne fhould fhine at midnight , and to expect evident proof. Should Princes' a ee pete ee te ot en mee wee 7 \Chap. 15. The Trattour. Princes delay till they dd plainly {ee Treafon, they, might chance to feel it firft. If this /emiplena pro- |batio lights on a patty ufpected before, the partie | himfelf is the other part of the proof, and makes it complete. And here the Rack, though Fame- ike it be | | Tam fic pravique toax, quam nuncia vert, lis often ufed; and the wooden horfe hath told | ftrange fecrets. But grant ic pafle undifcovered in ithe plotting, it 1s commenly prevented in the pra- | Gifing, | | By the Mayefite , Innocency , or Valour of the. Princes | or his attendants. Some have been dazeled with the) divine beams fhining 11 ,a Princes face, fo. that coming to command his life, they could not be mafters of their own feafes. Innocency hath pro- teéted others, and made their enemies relent, and itie ( though a ftrange to him for many yeats before ) hath vilited a Traitours heart in that very inftant. If thefe fail , a Kings valour hath defend- ed him, it being moft truc of a-Kimgs-what Pli- nie reports of a * lion , n hunting if he be wound- ed and not killed, he will be fure to eye and kill him that wourided him. Some by flourifhing aforchand, have never firicken’ a blow: but by warning hive armed thole to whom they threatned. Thus madde Somervile , coming to kill Queen Elizabeth, by the way ( belike to trie whether his {word would cut ) quarrelled with land wounded one or two, and therefore was ap- | prehended before he ‘came to the Court. | The palfte of guiltineffe rath made the ftouteft Trastours | bands to fhake fometimes to muffe their mark. Their 'confcience fleeping before , is then awakened with this crying finne. The way feems but fhort to a | Traveller when he viewsic from the top of an hill, ‘who finds it very long when he comes into the! | Hhh 2 plain: | —~e en rr re one ne ee ore t , _eneeain ——————— 419 * NX at. hift. 41b.8. cap.1 6. Se inn PRES eC ce ee rr ene 9 Se ES SE EE OE So ae as Sos airs nee See an : ~—aaierdl ae ~ ~ —_— an =x. - TheProfane State. CC: A | Ga a tg ep eg | plain : {o Treafon furveyed in the heat of bloud, ‘and from the height of pafsion , feems eahe to be: ee ee] Rogk At 41 A OOK ° \ cffected ; which reviewed in cold bloud on even) ‘terms , is full of dangers and difficulties. If it} , ‘ec revenced atrere {peed in the acting , generally it’s revenged atter wards: For, | A King though killed is not killed , fo long as be bath | forme or fubjeét furviving. Many who have thought they have difcharged the debt , have been broken | ‘afterwards with the arrearages. As for journey-| 1 * ‘ o )men-Traytours who work for others , their wages 7 j ‘ A : t k tt i t ; ‘ ” i are ever paid them with an halter; and where ane| ° wreath of hemp. ‘ De AL LEAL ‘5 re TT PK, MESES ee ie Ok Ke eet ek oe oe A ee Lm | CuaP. 16. gaineth a garland of bayes , hundreds have had a| SS ae IIE ID a + Se TIGR Te SS tt Se ee athe Chap. 16 ; The Paxxians con/piracie. | CHuarp. 16. T he Paxztans confpiracte. N the city of * Florence, being then a Popular State, the honourable familie de-Medices ma- naged all chief affairs , fo beloved of the people for their bounty, that the -honour they had was not extorted by their greatnefle, but feemed due to their goodnefle. Thefe Mediceans deprefled the Pazzians , another familie in that State, as big fet, though not fo high grown, as the Medicei_ them- felyes, loading them with injuries, and debarring | them not onely from Offices in the city, but their own right. The Pazzians, though highly wrongd, counterfeited much patience, and, which was a| wonder, though malice boyled hort in their hearts, | ? : , yet no {cutame ran over In their mouthes. | At laft, meeting together, they concluded, that | feeing the Legal way..Was.ttopp’d-with violence, the violent way was become Legall, whereby they | muft right themlelves ; and they determined to in-, vite Julian and Laurence Medices , the Gover- nours of the State, to dinner, with Cardinall Ra-| phael Riarius, and there to murther them. The matter was counted eafie, becaufe thefe two bre- chren were but one in effect, their heads in a manner ftanding on the fame fhoulders, becaute they alwayes went together, and were never see Fifty were privy to this plot ; each had his one afsigned him. Baptilta Monteleccius was a i Laurence , Francis Pazzius- and Bernardus an- dinius were to fet on Julian, whileft the Arch- bifhop of Pala, one of their allies, was with a band of men to feife on the Senate-honfe. Car- dinall Raphaels company rather then alsiftance Hhh 3 = Was a eww ee ~ wa aes — Pt ae ce ara a aha 4.2 oe | Anno 1476. A- | pril 26. T he f{umme hereof is taken out of Machi- avels Florent. | iff lib. 8 pag. 407, ey fe- ! Went. a EE j ; i } on — ea ane - - = ¢ et Tt tll A LLL LL ———Se sa ie SA ae ae spies 422 The Profane State. Book V. | AR ce 1 ee a a Se aaa = Se eA IERIE STIRS EO ‘was required, being’ neither to hunt, nor kill, ‘but onely to ftart the game, and by his pre- fence to bring the two brothers to the din- ner. All appointed the next’ morning to meet fat Mafle, in the chief Church of S. Repara- t | td. | a ant Here meeting together, all the defigne was 'dath’d : for here they remembred that Julian de es | Medices never uled to * dine. This they knew pub. lib.3-cap.| before, but confidered not till now, as if for. /° P4397" | merly the vapours arifing out of their ambitious | hearts had clouded their underftanding. Some ad- i vied ro referre it to another time, which others | thought dangerous , conceiving they had {prung | fo many leaks of fufpition, it was impofsible | to ftop them, and feared, there being lo man privie to the plot, that if they fuffered them to | confule with their pillows, their pillows would advife them to make* much of their heads , wherefore not daring to ftay the feafonable ri- | pening of their defigne, they were forced in heat of palsion to parch it up prelently, and they | refolved to take the matter at the firft bound ! and to commit the murther ( they intended at dinner: ) here in the Church, taking it for, grant- ed, the two Mediceans would come to Malle, according to their dayly cuftome. | But changing their ftage, they were fain alfo| to alter their Adtours. Monteleccius would not| be employed in the bufinefle , to ftain a facred | | place with bloud ; and the breaking of this {tring | put their plot quite out of tune. And though | Anthony Volateran and Stephen a Prieft were, fubftiruted in his room, yet thele ewo made not} one fic perfon ; fo great is the difference betwixt | a choice and a fhift. When the Hoft was elevated, | they were to affaule them ; and the Sacra- ment} ee EOE EE I LL LL LE I eS OE Chap. 16. The Paxzxians confpiracie. ——-r3 E nel 3 ' ro Oe ee eee ment was a figne to them, not of Chrifts) | death paft, but of a murther they were to cont | mit. | | But here again they were at a loffe. Treafon | | like Pope Adtian, may be choak’d with a flie and marr’d with the leaft unexpected a lies Though Laurence was at Church , Julian was abfent. And yet by beating about, they recoyer’d this again : for Francis Pazzius and Bernard Bandinius going home to his houle, with comple- | ments and courteous difcourfe brought him to the Church. Then Bandinius with a dagger ftabb’d him to the heart, fo that he fell down dead,. and Francis Pazzius inlulting over his corps ( now no object of valour but cruelty ) gave it many wounds, till blinded with re- venge , he ftrook a deep gafh into his own thigh. But what.was over-meafure in them, in over- acting thelr parts, was wanting in Anthony and | Stephen, who were,to_ kill Laurence=tathe~ Quite: You * ‘Tyaitoir, faid Anthony ; and with that Lau-)* Méachiav, | rence ftarting back avoided the. ftrength of the i; cap.6. | blow, and was wounded onely to honour, not\!* *”? danger, and {fo recovered a ftrong chapell. Thus Malice, which vents it felf in threatning, warns men to fhun it, and like hollow finging bullets, fies but halfway to the mark. With as bad fuc- cefle did the Archbifhop of Pifa feile on the Senate-houle, being conquered by the Lords there-| in affembled, and, with many of his Complices, hung out of a window. : The Pazzians now betake themfelves to their) lat refuge which ‘their defperate courfes had left | chem. James the chief of their family with one’ ‘hundred more repair to the marketplace, and there; crie, Liberty, Liberty. A rew followed them at firft, Hhh 4 but _——— recntnsta assess: a — — } ; ee ee cel tle LL LLL LAL LL LEELA PCC LC ent sbaiaanenenniene % | a A SIT I A ee NS ee eC TY ne ae re ee EE) EE en 424 — en ee cy A aa gnarl IOL ELLE LE LEDC A OOS ee ve OURS me eee AT OTRAS oe ’ ee lea aes ee but the fnow-ball by rolling did rather melt then ga- ther, and thole, who before had feen the foul’ face of their treafon naked, would not be allured to love it now masked with the pretences of the publick good , and at laft, the whole ftrength of the State fubdued them. Every tree about the city bare the fruit of mens heads, and limbes : many were put to death with torment, more with fhame,and onely one Renatus Pazzius with pity, who loved his contcience bet- ter then his kinred, that he would not be active in the confpiracy ;and yet his kinred better then his confcience; that he .would not reveal it ; Treafon being like fome kind ot ftrong poyfon, which |though never taken inwardly by cordiall confent- ing unto it, yet kill’s by being held in ones hand, {and concealing it. re en nr rn Ee I ~The Profane State. Book V. | ee ahs a aa tee ee ae eel | Chap. 17, The Tyrant. CO LOCC LALO LLL Chap. 17. The Tyrant. A Tyrant * is one whofe lift is his law, making his fubjeéts his flaves. Yet that is but a totter- ing Kingdome which is founded on trembling peo- |ple, which fear and hate their Sovereigne. | He gets all places of advantage mto his own bands: yea he would difarm his fibjects of all fythes and pru- ning hooks, but for fear of a generall rebellion of weeds and thiftles in the land. Ele takes the Laws at the firft , rather by undermining then affault: And therefore to do unjuftly with the more juftice , he counterfeits a legalitie in all his proceedings , and will not butcher a man without a Statute for 1t. Afterwards he rageth freely im mmocent bloud. is any man vertuous > then he is a Traytour, and let him die for it, who. .durft,.prelume to-be—good whien his Prince is bad. Is he beloved é he is a rebell, hath proclaimed himfelf King , and reignes already in peoples affections , ‘t muft coft him his life. Is he of kinne to the Crown, though fo farre off that his alliance is fcarce to be derived ? all the veins of his body mutt be dreined, and emptyed to find ack and fetch thence that dangerous drop of roy- lall bloud. And thus having taken the prime men away, the reft are eafily fubdued. In all thefe par- ticulars Machiavell is his onely Confeffour, who in | his Prince feems to him co refolve all thefe cafes of contcience to be very jawfull. Worst men are hy greateft favourites. He keeps a conftant kennel of bloud-hounds to accule whom he pleafeth. Thefe will depofe more then any can fuppole, not ticking to fwear that they heard filhes __ fpeak, oe eel eee eee cats 425 * He is two- fold, 1. In Titulo, (properlyian Ufurper. 2. In Exerci- tio, whom we onely defcribe. Maxime le EE ~—_ 4.26 Lhe Profane State. Book V. | i | | {peak , and faw through a mil-ftone at mid-night:| | thefe fear not to forfwear , but fear they fhall not forfwear enough, to cleave the pinne and do the} deed. The leffe credit they have, the more they are believed, and their very accufation 1s held a roof. 5 He leaves nothing that bis poore ubjects can call their’ | own but their miferses. And as in the Weft-Indies thou- | fands of kine ate killed for their tallow alone, and) | théir flefh caft away : fo many men are murdered | | mefely for their wealth , that other men may make | riummey of the fat of their eftates. | 6 He counts men in miferie the most melodious ifiruments:| | Efpecially if they be well tuned and playd Bpon| | by cunning Muficians , who are artificiall in oor: | menting them , the more the merrier, and if he| | ) hath a fet, and fall confort of fuch tortur’d mile-| rable fouls , he danceth moft cheerfully at the plea fant dittie of their dying grones. He loves not to} be prodigall of mens lives , but chriftily improves the objects of his cruelty , {pending them by de-| grees , and epicurizing on their pain: So that as Philoxenus wifhed a cranes throat, he could defire affes eares. the longer to entertain their hydeous | and muferable roaring. Thus Nature had not racks | enough for men ( the Golick, Gout , Stone, &c") | but Art muft adde to them, and devils in flefh an-, tedate hell ‘here in inventing torments; which when | inflicted on snalefactours , extort pitie fom me rci- | fall beholders, ( and make them give what is not} | due) bue ‘when uled by Tyrants on innocent peo- | ple, fuch tender hearts as ftand by fufter what | they fee, and by the proxie of fympathy feel. what) they behold. | | ee; Fle feeks to Juppreffe all memorials and writings of bis) | aétions: And as wicked Teteus after he had ravifhed | Philomela cut out her tongue; fo when Tyrants! have | a ner te eR en shila neni een eee the ————— feb een _ —- a have wronged and abuled the times they live in, | they endeavour to make them {peechlefle to tell a tales to pofterity. Herein their folly is more to be admired then their malice , for learning can never be dreined dry: though it may be dambd up for one Age, yet’ it will break over. and Hiltorians pens, being long kept fafting , will afterwards feed more greedily on the memories of Tyrants , and defcribe them to the full. Yea, I believe their ink hath made fome ‘Tyrants blacker then they were in their true complexion. At laft he is haunted with the terrowrs of bis own con- 7 feience. If any two do but whifper together (what- foever the Propofitions be) he conceives their dil- courle condudes againft him. Company and foli- ‘ tarineffe are equally dreadfull unto him, being never fafe. and he wants a Guard to guard him from his Guard, and fo proceeds m infinitum. * The Scouts of ieee Charles Duke of Burgundy brought him news that lente feie. the French army was hard by, being nothing elle but a field full of high,.chiltles., wirofetops they miftook for fo many fpears: On lefler ground this Tyrant conceives greater fears, Thus in vain doth he feek to fence himfelf from without, whofe foe is within him. He is glad to patch up 4 bad nights fleep, out of pieces g of flumber. They feldome fleep foundly , who have bloud for their bolfter. His phanfie prefents him with frange malques , wherein onely Fiends and Furies areactours. The fright awakes him, and he lis no fooner glad that 1 was a dream, but fears it | is propheticall. | In vain be courts the friendfhip of forrein Princes. 9 They defie his amity, and will not joyn their clean hands wath his bloudy ones. Sometimes to in- oratiate Limfelf he doth fome good acts , but vir- “ie becomes him worle then vice, for all know he 3 counter-| aaa = T he Profane State. book V. ‘counterfeits ic for his own ends. | | Having lived in other mens bloud, he dies commonly in hw own. "He had his will all his life , but feldome makes his Teftament at his death, being fuddenly, |taken away either by a private hand, or a ublick | infarreétion. Itis obferved of the camell that ic lies) quietly down till ic hath its full load, and then ti- feth up. But this Vuleus is a kind of beaft, which rifeth up fooneft when 1t is overladen ; immode-' rate cruelty caufing it to rebell. Yet Fero isa ficter motto then Ferio for Chriftians in their carriage towards lawfull Authoritie , though unlawtully u- fed. | We will give a double example of a Tyrant: the one an abfolute Sovereigne , the other a Sub- ftitute or Vice-roy under an abfolute Prince. | -——~———— ’ aes i i | | | | | CHAP. 18. A ee re | a Se ces = acetate aay est TE = ft al Cuapr. 18. | T he life of AANDRONICUS. | ki as eae Comnenus, * defcended of the Gre-* cian Eimperiall bloud, was a Prince moft vicious in his life, and perfidious in his dealing, and for his | feverall offenfes, after long banifhment, was at length | by Emmanuel the Grecian Emperour, his kiniman, | confitied to a private city in Paphlagonia. | _ Here Andronicus hugg’d himfelf in his privacic, ithough all that time he did but levell, and take aim, intending at laft to fhoot at the Empire, though tor a while he-lay very ftill, and with the Hedgehog feem- | ingly dead, he rounded himfelf up in his own prickles | without any motion. | Leave we him there, and come to behold the face of the Grecian Empire, which prefents us with all the Symptomes ofa dying State. Emmanuell being dead | Alexius his fone fucceeds bin, .@ Minor~of twelve ere of age, wanting wit to guide himifelf, and his friends care to govern him. Xena the Mother-Em- | prefle wholly given to her plealures, with her minion | oe Protofebaftus, who ruled all in the State. T he| Nobility factious, {natching whatthey could get, and | counting violent poflelsion the beft and. onely ttle. | The people ot Conftantinople valiant onely tO. make | mutinies on everyocealion, Jn confuled multitudes, | without any- Martiall difcipline ; as who could | expect that asolling fnow-ball fhould have any curt. ous fafhion ? : Andronicus, hearing of thele mifdemeanours, found | that opportunity courted him to procurethe Empire for himielf.’ Wherefore Le. semonitrates to the. whole | world the great grief he coficeived at thefe diforders : For though patience had made him paft feeling of any : 111 private Nene intl = ee ——— ns ee : * The fumme of this chapter is taken out of Nicetas Chont- } ates bis An- | nals lib.1. | 2. of Andro: nic, Comnenis. | : | | : | nea | 430 The Profane State. Book V. | | | private injuries offered to himfelf, yet he mutt be ftark| | | dead indeed, if he were not moved with thefe general) ; miferies of the Empire. He being a Prince of the bloud could not without grief behold how Xena the Em- prelle, and Protofebaftus had confpired to abufe the tender age of young Alexius, foto draw all dominion to themfelves . and who kowing that their {trength confifted in the young Emperours weaknelle, intend- led fo to breed him, that in point of judgement he’ 'fhould never be of age, and onely able in pleafures.| Whereupon Andronicus refolyed to free his young} kinfman, and the Empire from thisthraldome. Tyrea-| fon is fo uggly in her felf,that every one that fees it will caft ftones at it, which makes her feldome appear but) with a borrowed face, for the good of the Com- : monwealth . but efpecially when ambition hath | caught hold on pretended religion, how faft will it | climbe 2 | Andronicus with an army of Paphlagonians march-, | ed to Conftantinople, in which city he hada great | party onhis fide, Maria Cefariffa, half filter to the : Emperour, with her husband, and many other good| Patriots, which bemoane dthe diftempers in the State, | applying themfelves to Andronicus. for help, counting) |a bad phylician better then none at all. Befides, there} | werein the city many turbulent {pirics, defirous of al- | | terations, as profitable unto them, counting themfelves | the petty-Landlords of the times, to whom rich fines’ and herriots would accrue upon every exchange, and | all thofe took part with Andronicus. Many more did Andronicus winneto his party by his cunning behaviour, for he could {peak both elo- quently and religioufly. He would ordinarily talk Scripture-language ( often fouly mifapplyed ) as if his, memory were a Concordance of the whole Bible, but efpecially of S. Pauls Epiftles, which he had by heart. | \Befides, no man had better command of rain and | funfhine | ; eS goer meee rn ' $ a — —— - ~ . a OO I ae = mre re ee - ee e Set ert eens Chap. 18. The life of Andronicus. — ae ————————- — funfhine in his face, to {mile and weep at pleafure + | his tears flowed at will, which caught the affections | of many, though others, better acquainted with his | | tricks, no more pitied his weeping, then they bemoan-| ed the moift dropping of itone walls again{t rainy weather. | Small refiftance was made againft him, onely fome. feemed to fight againft him tn complement, fo that with eafe he made himfelf mafter of Conftantinople, | and not long after he catifed Xena the Emprefle to be. choked, the eyes of whofe Favourite Protofebaftus he had formerly bored out. | The next care of Andronicus was to cut off all thole fteps by which he had afcended to this height, left leaving thofe ftairs fill ftanding, others allo. | might climbe up the fame way. All thofe friends) who had alsifted him in this his defigne, he rewa aa ed with death: yea though at firft his cruelty might | feem to fhoot at a mark,in taking of {ome prime men, fr whole death fome reafon might be_xendreds his malice afterwards {hot at"fovets, as ifhe had a quar- rell at mankind, killing all he came near. When any party accufed recriminated the accufer, the {word of Aridronicus cut on both fides ; the accufer and accufed were fent the fame way, and what cup one began, the other was made to pledge. T hole Sycophants which | ingratiated themfelves with him, efcaped no better chen others, it being equally dangerous to pleafe and difpleafe him. Men met every where with his cruel- ty, but no where with the reafons thereof. But who can expect other reafons of Tyrants actions, but that they are Tyrants actions ? , But his dealing with young Alexius the Emperout ( whofe death was methodically contrived with fome politick pautfes ) delerves obfervation. Ac firft en- trance into the city, Andronicus obferved his awfull diftance towards the Emperour, teaching others sé li1 2 the ae eee at ees an ——— —— “ “7 LL TENG AE A CG CE LL LT eT ee ———— ee 1101 ——— 2 ee Profane State. “Book vy. a _— the minority of Princes ought not to leflen their Sub- jects reverence unto them. Afterwards, he emboldned ‘himfelfto make his nearer approches, chalenging in |young Alexius that intereft which carefull tutours claim |in thofe whofe protection they tender. Hence he pro- ceeded to feta guard about him, not to defend but ' watch him, and to guard him from his friends, who, | though allowed to tollow his {ports in hunting , was 'indeed made {port of himfelf, and the hunter kept ina inet. Then Andronicus was forced by his friends im- portunity ( whom he himfelt had fecretly impor- tun’d) to be elected joynt-Emperour with Alexius, and with much unwillingnefle this great diflembler (who could have taught Tiberius craft, and Nero cruelty ) was. driven up the Emperiall throne. Next day in all publick Ediéts the name of An- dronicus was fet before Alexius, it feeming prepofte- rous that a child fhould be preferred before fo lage and crave a man, . Hitherto the life of Alexius was profitable to An- | dronicus, but now his death would be more behoof- full. Wherefore Andronicus counting it cumberfome now any longerto wear acloke in the funfhine and heat of his happinefle, abandoned all ufeleffe diffem- bling, and appear’d like himfelf. The next news we heare of Alexius, is that his neck is broken with a bowltring by command from Andronicus ; his body | was fpurn’d and abul’d, a hole bored in his ear with a {pit, his head cut off, and fhamefully dealt with, his | body caftinto the fea, with many more cruell out-| | tages, as much againf{t policie as piety, and not onely | needlefle, but fcandalous ro Andronicus. Thus Ty- tants, having once given the rains to their cruelty, are not able to {top themlelves. But this innocent bloud cryed to God for revenge, and obtained it. Next yeare Ifaacius Angelus was chofen Emperour by the people, and nica chafed j 2 Chap. 18. T he life of Andronicus. ee en re ee eee got into a fhip, and had conveyed himfelf away, | | had not the winds and the waves (as if knowing him ‘though difguifd ) refuled to be acceflary to his efcape, | and beaten him back again, till he was taken by his | purfuers. Being carried into the prefence of Ifaacius | ithe new Emperour, he there was beaten, {purnd,, kick’d on, and had an arm cut off, and an eye bared | out. Butall this was mercy, in refpect of what he} next day fuffered by the rafcall multitude, being carried ona {cabb’d Camell thorow Conftantinople, happy he | that could do. moft unhappinefle unto him : all forts of people fought to mifchief him, throwing that upon him, in comparifon whereof that which runneth in the channeli may be counted rofewater. Thus orphanes thought to revenge the death of their fathers, widows of theit husbands : one ran him thorow with a [pit, another threw f{calding water in his face. At laft he could hardly die, being hangrd up by the feet betwixt two pillars after a thoufand abufles ofter;d.uinto-himes Ic may feem miraculous Howhis body could make eoom for all their blows, or that he fo old a man could find fo many lives for their cruelty, were it not that | alsing with fome {peed thorow the city, few _ their full blows at him ; and they were fomewhat mannerly in their revenge, in that they would not) rake all to themfelves, but leave fome to others.And in- | deed after long throwing of dirt upon him, their darts | Sa coe ot accu: out of the cityand purfued after. Andronicus | : re Te nae became his fhield, being fo covered over with the filth, that the mire kept him from the mire. All which time he brake not out into any impati-| ence, but ftill cryed, Lord have mercy upon me, and, Why) break you a bruifed reed ? and bore all with an invincible | quietnefle ofmind. Surely God meafured unto’ him a time of repentance by reglal Ap (it were tyranny to chink otherwife of the worft Ty- rant )the tempelt of the peoples fury might drive tis r83 foul\ — Te — . ee ; a = a large houreglafle . and haply | re a ee ee oe nap a | 434 2 The Profane State. Book V. a TT ie? 2 |* See bow che-| foul tothe beft * fhelter, the mercy of the God of hea. ritably Drex- “ : ° « . ‘elins isopini- | ven. It is a good figne when one hath his hell in this ius sop : : bende | world, and true repentance is never too late. As for Confers Se, \thofe that hold repentance on the death-bed unprofit- 3. able, by this their tenet they would make heaven very empty, and yet never a whit the more room therein for the maintainers of fo uncharitable an opinion. — Andronicus reigned two years, having a beautifull afpect, and majeftick ftature, almoft ten foot high, of a {trong confticution, advantaged by the temperate- neffe of his diet. In all his life time he took but one antidote, and never purged but once, and then the Phyfick found no obnoxious humour to work upon, fo healthfull was his temper. His death happened Anno Dom. 1183. : | CHAP. | 19, ee 'Chap.19. Thelife of Duke D’Atva. 435. a a | aes | | | | | | / \ Why) y \W Wi =) \ ‘ WHS } Ai } = | | = / V3 \ \ ee I} My Hf, N\ \ Ves LW if ij li, iy) j if] YU iff) if Wi] y \ SR YY NNT ' 4 cage ty Yj SP ac UU TT DLT WITT UAANSHNVUUAUTTVVMOREUT ARENA LL | |] FERDINAND Alvarez deToledo DukewofAWay Viccroy Ih} | of the Netherlands under Philip the 24, He dyed inYortugall Anno Dat jyegu. in the Ing yeare of his Age ; | ae Senne w-M. feulp: I r \ TT = == ——[S — i <= ———S== —————— | CuaPp. 19. The life of Duke D'Atva. | Erdinand Alvarez de Toledo, Dyke of Alva, one | bred abroad in the world in feverall wartes | ( whom Charles che fifth more employed, then affect- /ed.ufing his churlifh nacure to hew knotty fervice was by Philip the fecond, King of Spain, appointed Gover- nour of the Netherlands. | Achis farft arrivall chere, the loyalty of the Nether- landers to the King afSpain was rather out of joint, | then ———— ee NL LTP OE LOE I EO OF EET AO LR OT NTT ERE NE NT OP pe ER ee \ rr ererr er ee ena Cot eS ae et eer oS er es oe Oa ry Cer ea ) 436 The Profane State... Book V. ge then broken oif, as not being weary of his government | | but their own grievances. The wound was rather | | painfull then deadly, onely the skirts of their lungs |were tainted, fending out difcontented not rebellious | 'breath, much regretting that their Priviledges, Civil | -and Ecclefiafticall, were infringed, and they grinded | | with exactions againft their Laws and Liberties. | nt | Butnow Duke D’Alva coming amonglt them, | | ‘he intended to cancell all their charters with his | | | fword, and to reduce them to abfolute obedience. And | | | whereas every city was fenced not onely with feverall | | | walls, but different locall liberties, and municipall im- | | | munities, he meant to lay all their priviledges levell, | |and cafting them into a flat to ftretch a line of abfolute |command over them. He accounted them a Nation | [rather ftubborn then valiant, and that not from ftout-! inefle of nature, buc want of correction, through the long indulgence of their late Governours. Hefecretly | — accufed Margaret Dutchefle of Parma, the lait Gover- | 'neffe, for too much gentleneffe towards them, as 11 {he meant to cure a gangren’d arm witha lenitive plaifter, & affirmed that a Ladies hands were too {oft to pluck up fich thiftles by the root. Wherefore thefaid Dut- cheffe, foon after, D’Alva’s arrivall ( counting it leffe| fhame to fet, then to be outfhind ) petitioned to re-| ‘figne her regencie, and return’d into Italie. | | To welcome the Duke at his entrance, he was entet- | Ann.Dom. | tain’d with prodigies and monttrous * births, which | 1568. | hapned in fundry places ; as if Nature on fet purpole | ims, |miltook her mark, and madeher hand to {wetve, Belgco,p.430.| that fhe might fhoot a: warning-piece to thele coun. | | | treys, and give them a watca-word of the future cala= | | mities they were to expect. The Duke,nothing moved | | hereat, proceeds to effect his project, and firft fers up | | the Counjfell of troubles, conlifting of twelve, the Duke | _ being the Prefident. Andtais Counfell was to order | all things in an arbitrary way, without any = rom ee ee ae i = ee ' le A A A CO WE a ! } y | 2 SHOT Chap. Thee Duke DAs. from them. Of thele tw elve fome were ftrangers, tuch | | as fhould not fympathize with the miferies of the | countr ey ; others were upftarts, men of no bloud, and | therefore moft bloudy ; who being themfelves grown }up in a day, cared not how many they cut down in an | |houre. And now rather :o give {ome colour, then any | | virtue to this new compdfition ol countfellours, foure | | | Dutch Lords were mingled with them,that the native | | Nobility mignt not feem wholly neglected. Caftles | | | were built an every city so bridle the inhabitants, and | Garifons put into them. New Bifhops Seas erected ‘in feverall cities, and the Inquifition brought into the | ‘countrey. “dhis Inquifition, Grft invented againit the | | Moores, as a trappe to catch vermine, was afterwards | ufed as a {nare-to catch fheep, yea they made it herefte | | for.to be sich. And though all thefe proceedings were | contrary-to the (olemn oath King Philip had taken, | yet the Pope (.who onely keeps. an Oath-office, and | takes power to difpence with mens con{ciences )grant- | ed him a faculty to fet him free from his promile. | Sure as Lome adventurous Phyfi cians, when they are | | pofed with a mungrtell. difeate, drive it on fet purpole| | |into.a fever, that{o knowing the kind of the maladie | | Ithey. may the better app.y, the, cure : So Duke D ‘Alva | |.was minded by his cruell ulage to force their dilfcon- | cents into open rebellioa, hoping the better to ¢ometo, | quench rhe fire when it blazed out, then when it | | Gmok’d and Gnother’d. : And now to frighten the xeft, with a Gabrle train he | feifeth on the Earls of Egmond and Horn. hele ©D I as counted themfelves armed with innocencie and de- fert, having performed mot excellent fervice for the King of Spait. But when fubjects deferts are above cheix Princes. requitall, oftentimes, they ftudy not lo jmasich to pay, thelt debts,.as to make away their credi- tours. All thele victories could not excule them nor the laurel wreaths on their heads: keep. their necks from and the rather, becaute. their-eyes mult firlt be K kk clofed| a | tne ax, 1 ad Ne 4 #7 a T he Profane State. Book V. I cloled up, wl hich’ would never" have patiently beheld | | ‘the enflaving of their countrey. The French Embaffa- | | dour weer setHCe Chee ution, and wrote to his Mafter | | | Charles the ninth , King of France ,concerning the Earl | Fans. |g of E emond, * That he Jaw that head Sty uck off in the Market: page4ag. | place “of Br uffels, who| le valour had twice made France t0 | | fhake. | | This Counfell of troubles having once tafted Noble | | (bloud, drank their belly- fulls afterwards. Then de-| {cendi ing to interiour per fons by apprehenfions, execu- tlons, ean at (cations, and banifhments, they raged on -mens hives and Aes. Such as upon die vain hope of 'pardon returned to their houles, were apprehended, | ‘and executed by fire, water , gibbets, and the {word, | and “Stherkindsof deaths aid torments : yea the bo. | 'dyes of the dead ( on whom the earth as their com-| | ‘mon mother beftowed a grave for a childs portion )] Pot vibene.| Were caft out of their * tombes by the Dukes com- the: fag.) Mand, whofe cruelty outftunk the noyfomneffe of | their carcatee | And left the maintaining of Garifons might be bur- 'denfome to the ek: his Matter, he laid | heavy impo- | |{itions on the peopl e: the Sake afhrming that thefe | Peawcd were fat enough to be f{tewed in their own | liquour, & that the Souddiées here might be maintaine| 'ed by the profits arifing hence ; yea he boafted that he had found the mines of Peru's in the Low- countreys, | ‘though the digging of them out never quitted the coft.. | He demanded the hundredth peny of all their move- | able and immoveable goods, and befides that the tenth | eny of their moveable goods that fhould bye bought | and fold, with the twentieth. peny of their im move: | able goods ; Without any mentton of any time, how | | | B| | ‘long thofe taxes and exactions fhould continue. ee . eee —— ae SS ae SSS SEE ~ A tt tt aetna | The States protefted againft the injuftice hereof, \alledging that all trading would be prefl’dto death | | under the weight of thee taxation : weaving of ftufts | ( their ftaple trade) would foon decay, and theis fhut-| tles | ee ee ———<$—$— — $$ $$ eee ee een we. = SHES ede would be very flow, having fo heavy a clog hang- |ing on them ; yea hereby the fame commodity mutt av 2 new tole at every paflage into a new trade. This would difhearten all induftry, and make lazinefle and | painfulnefle both of a rate, when beggery was the re- ‘ward of both, by reafon of this heavy impolition, | which made men pay dear for the fweat of their own brows. And yet the weight did not grieve them fo much, as the hand which laid it on, being impol d by a forein power againtt their ancient priviledge. Here- upon many Netherlanders, finding their own coun- trey too hot, becaule of intolerable taxes, fought out a more temperate climate, and fled over into England. As for fuch as ftayed behind, their hearts being brimfull before with difcontents, now ran over. ‘Tis lain thefe warres had their originall, not out of the Church, but the State-houle.Liberty was true doctrine to Papift and Proteftant, Jew and Chriftian. It 1s probable that in Noahs Ark the wolf agreed with the lambe, and that all creatures drown ie-enrerpacliy 5 whileft all were in danger of drowning. Thus all fe- verall religions made up one Commonwealth to Op- pofe the Spaniard : and they thought it high time for the Cow to find her horns, when others not content to milk her, went about to cut off her bag. It was atare happineffe chat fo many fhould meet in one chief, William of Naflaw, Prince of Orange, whom they chofe their Governour. Yea he met their affections more then half way in his loving behavi- our; fo that Alva’s cruelty did not drive more from him, then Naflaw’s courtefie invited to him. His po- | pular nature was of fuch receipt, thats had room to lodge all comets. In peoples eyes his light fhined bright, yet dazled none, all having, free accefle unto | him : every one'was as well. pleafed as ifhe had been Prince him(felf, becaufe he might be fo familiar with the Prince. He was wont to content thofe, who fe- K | ae —- 'Chap.19. Thelife of Duke DAlva. 43 . proved | e es “ —_~ ee aan a — 439 The Profane State. Book V. | | proved his too much humanity, with this faying,* That | lman is cheap bought, who costs but a:falutation. | | *Barcl. Icon. I report the Reader tothe Belgian Hiftories, where we * lhe may fee the changes of warre betwixt thele two | fides. We wiilonely obferve that Duke D’Alva’s co-| | vetoufneffe was above his policy in fencing the rich] [ } ang os nL re inland and neglecting the barren. maritime places. He onely look’d on the broad gates of the countrey whereby it openeth to the continent of Germany and| France, whileft in the mean time almoft half. the Ne- therlands ran out at the. poftern doore towards the fea. Naffaw's fide then wounded Achilles inthe heel in- deed, and ttouch’d the Spaniard to the quick, when on. Palm-funday (as if the day promifed victory ) at Brill they took the firft livery and feafin of the land,and got foon after moft cities towards the fea. Had Alva here-| in prevented him, probably he had made thole Pro- vinces as low in fubjeétion as fituation. | Now at laft he began to be fenfible of his errour,and | orew weary of his command, defiring to hold that | ftaff no: longer, which he perceived he had taken by} the wrong end. He faw that going about to bridle the Netherlanders with building of caftles in many plates, they had gotten the bit into their own teeth : He faw that warre was not quickly to be hunted our of that} countrey, where it had taken covert ina wood of cis ties: Hefaw the coft of fome one cities fiege would | pave the ftreets thereof with filver, each city, fort, and | fconce being a Gordian knot, which would make | Alexanders {word turn edge before he could cut tho- | row it, fo.chat this warre and the world were likely to| end together, thefe Netherlands being likethe head- block inthe chimney, where the fire of warre is al- wayes kept in ( though. out every where elle ) never quite quench’d though rak’d up fometimes in the athes of'a truce. Befides, he faw that the fubdued part) of the Netherlands obeyed more for fear then love, and | d their EE IS <= Sae. a. SSS their loyalty did rather lie in the Spanifh Garifons, then their own hearts, and chat in their fighes they breathed many a prolperous gale to Naflaw’s party : Laftly, he faw that forrein Princes, having the Spani- ards greatnefle in fufpicion, defired he might long be digefting this break-taft, left he fhould make his din- net onthem, both France and England counting the Low-countreys their outworks to defend their walls : wherefore he petitioned the King of Spain his Mafter to call him home from this unprofitable fervice. Then was he called home, and lived fome years af- ter in Spain, being well refpected of the King, and. em- ployed by him in conquering Portugall, contrary to the expectation of moft, who look’d that the Kings difpleafure would fall heavy on him, for caufing by his cruelty the defection of {o many countreys ; yer the King favourably refleéted on him, perchance to fru- ftrate on purpole the hopes of many, and tofhew that Kings affections will not tread in the beaten path or vulgar expectation : or feeing that the Dukecstite: an Hi: sme amount to— poore Tatisfaction for his own. loffes, he thought it more Princely to remit the whole, then to be revenged butin part : of laftly, becaute he would not meafure his fervants loyalty by the fuccefle, and lay the unexpected rubs in the allie to the bowlers fault, who took good aim though milsing the mark. This led many to believe that Alva onely acted the | Kings will, and not willed his aéts , following the in- | Gruations he received, and rather going beyond then againit his Commision. However moft barbarous was his cruelty. He brage’d as he fate at dinner ( and was it note good grace after meat)thathe had caufed eighteen thouland to be execu- | ted by thes ordinaty minifter of juttice within the | {pace of {ix yeaxs, befides an infinite more murthered | | by other tyrannous means. Yea fome men he killed | many times, giving order to the executioners to | j TT me -- eal ee ea — Chap.19. Thelfeof DukeD'Alva. 440 | = —— aan rine cnsalimateen ee ALL ELL LALO, LOI sem et KKK 3 pronounce;| _ ee deen, BA ORS Ses ee ee TIO an On -AR D Be OO —— a A RE OE EE EE 7 ~_ ' | * Grimft. Hift. | of the Nether- | lands,pag.41t. | he did not promife to find thenr meat.T he Netherlanders ufed | to fright their children wich telling them, Duke D’AL- | va was coming ; and no wonder if children wete {ca-| red with him, of whom their fathers were afraid. | — TheProfane State. Book Y. | pronounce each _fyllable of torment long upon them, | that the thred of their life might not be cut off but un- | ravell’d, as counting it no pain for men to die, except | they dyed with pain ; witnefte Anthony Utenhow, | whom he caufed to be tied toa flake witha chain in| * Bruffells, compafsing him about with a great fire, but not touching him, turning him round about like; a poore beaft, who was forced to live in that creat, torment and extremity ,roafting before the fire fo long, | untill the Halberdiers themfelves, having compalsion | on him, thruft him through, contrary to the will both of the Duke and the Spanifh Priefts. | When the city of Harlem furrendred themfelves unto! him on condition to have their lives, he fuffered fome | of the Souldiers and Burgers thereof tobe ftarved (0 death, faying that though he promifed to give them their lives, | He was one of a lean body and vilage,ac if his eager foul, biting for anger at the clog of his body, defired to fret a paflage through it. He had this humourhat he neglected the good countel of others, elpecially if gie| ven him before he ask’d it, and had rather {tumble} then beware of a block of another mans telling. But as his life was a miroir of cruelty, fo was his death of Gods patience.It was admirable, that histra-| gicall acts fhould have a comicall end ; that he that fent fo many to the grave, fhould go to his own, &die in peace,ButGods juftice on offenders goes not alwayes in the fame path,not the fame pace: And he is not pat- doned for the fault, who is fora while reptived from the punifhment ; yea fometimes the gueft in the inne goes quietly to bed, before the reckonrng for his fupper is brought to him to difcharge. FINIS. er re ae eee - — SS SS \ a | SOE ET seme ronrmen ET IPL Oe ‘a Asie ORR, : " : BOY Rete. Pe seas) ‘ adele nu’ S ie cn yO tii aaa Soares PAR an SCL ' ~ Mei AS he . * Nt P ue htt . , nf mG et ; oa Ty Qoyae, yaa Nanna ke yaniv | untied ea AROS: 5 nea