YOUR MONTREAL A SERIES OF ADVERTISEMENTS FEATURING POINTS OF HISTORIC AND GENERAL INTEREST IN AND ABOUT MONTREAL statue, of CMOME^DY DE, MAiyONNE^UVE. POUNDE^Pw OF rvlOfSlTP^EAL^ MONTREAL TRAMWAYS COMPANY 1927 Tour ^Montreal YOUR MONTREAL A SERIES OF ADVERTISEMENTS FEATURING POINTS OF HISTORIC AND GENERAL INTEREST IN AND ABOUT MONTREAL D uring the past year the Montreal Tramways Company published a series of advertisements in the daily press, depicting points of interest that were easily accessible to the Company’s transporta- tion system. The object of these advertisements was to awaken the interest of Montreal’s citizens and also to furnish authentic and accurate information that would be appreciated by visitors to the City. In response to a large number of requests these advertisements have been bound together and are reproduced in this booklet. Vice-President and General Manager Montreal, April 2nd, 1928 YOUR MONTREAL T his great City and its environs, with over a million people, is a source of pride to its citizens. During the next few months many visitors will be seen on our streets. The Montreal Tramways Company proposes to run a series of advertisements, each one dealing with some place of either historic or picturesque interest. Montreal’s visitors as well as our citizens may find these advertisements useful. We would suggest that they might be cut out and saved to remind the reader of many pleasant and interesting spots to visit. ^ T K AMVVAVS 3 With Tiumcar and Autobus, all parts of M-ontrexil can he rea ch ed with ease and comfort NOTRE DAME PARISH CHURCH P ERSONIFIES Montreal, for, ever since the City’s foundation. May 18th, 1642, the ‘‘Parish ” Church has always stood on or near this site. In 1642, a log Mission Chapel was built on the water side by the few first settlers and served by the Jesuit Missionaries. In 1643, within the precincts of the palisaded fort on the same site, a frame building was erected; in 1656, another larger Chapel was built at the eastern corner of St. Paul Street and the present St. Sulpice Street, which served as the Quasi Parish Church and the Hospital Chapel for the adjoining first Hotel Dieu (built in 1644). It was in this Chapel that Dollard and his companions received Communion before starting on their glorious but disastrous exploit of 1660. Between 1672-8, a more pretentious edifice arose near the present building, at the head of St. Sulpice Street. This was built by the Sulpicians who arrived in 1657, and the present building, made necessary by the grow- ing population, was begun in 1824 and was opened for worship in 1829. The Church faces the Place d’Armes. The Towers rise 227 feet; in the West Tower, the great bell, “Le Gros Bourdon,” weighing twelve tons, the largest bell in America, is hung, while the organ is perhaps the largest in Canada. When all pews and thejwW^, or galleries, are occupied, this great Church is said to accommodate about fif- teen thousand people. The richness and beauty of its statuary, windows and pictures, its relics and priceless vestments, are a commentary on the affection with which this Church is regarded by the people. Within the Church is found an unusually beautiful Chapel — that of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart. This Chaj^l contains some remarkable historic pictures relating to the early days of Montreal. TRAMWAYS This historic Church should surely be visited* It can conveniently he reached by all street cars diat turn at Place d^Armes Square, or at Tramways Terminal Building, Craig Street West* Our conductors wUl he glad to direct you* CHATEAU DE RAMEZAY I N 1705, Claude de Ramezay was Governor of Montreal and built the Chateau for his official residence. During its two hundred and twenty- five years of life, this ancient building was used, after the death of de Rame- zay in 1724, as the headquarters of the Compagnie des Indes, one of the large fur trading companies during the latter part of the French regime. It next became the official headquar- ters of the Governors -General, till about 1849. In 1775-6, the Chateau was the headquarters of the ‘‘Boston- nais” or Continental army, under General Montgomery and Brigadier- General Wooster, and, in the Spring of 1776 there came there Benjamin Franklin and other envoys to induce the French-Canadians to revolt against British rule, but unsuccessfully. Bene- dict Arnold later occupied the Chateau. After 1849, when the government was withdrawn from Montreal, the build- ings served temporarily many Provin- cial Government purposes. In 1894, the Chateau was sold by the Province to the City of Montreal, and, in 1895, it was handed over to the Numismatic & Antiquarian Society, which has housed its valuable histori- cal ^ picture gallery and museum of antiquiti^ — one of the most import- ant on this Continent. ^ T IV AMVVAVS 3 Thu $pot U reached directly ^ route* No*. 1, 6, 10, 12, 22, 33 and 44 daily, and 95 except Sundays and holidays: and convenient connections can be made with same at Place d’Amte* Square. Our Conductors will be glad to direct you. . \ ' YOUR MONTREAL This 13^0.4 of a Series of advertise ments on Historical MontreaL Jacques Cartier Square The Nelson Monument ' The Open Air Market H ere, on Tuesdays and Fridays, an open air mart, the overflow from Bonsecours Market on St. Paul Street, attracts farmers to the City from their little farms, and a truly Old World scene can be witnessed in the buying and selling of live stock, vegetables and fruits of all kinds. During the French regime the Governor de Vaudreuil had his chateau here at the lower end of the square, with gardens leading to the river where he had his quays. The foundation stone of this chateau was laid in 1723 and it was built on the property which had belonged to the famous Duluth during his retirement after nis fur-trading adventures in the West. Afterwards, in 1773, the chateau became the College St. Raphael, the predecessor of the present College de Montreal. This, with all the buildings in the neighbor- hood, was burned in the great fire of 1803. At the lower end of the square there was the “new” market built about 1807, which was replaced by the present Bonsecours Market in 1843. About this time Jacques Cartier Square became a public place. At the upper end is the impressive Nelson Monument which was erected in 1809. Because Montreal has a Nelson Monument it celebrates the anniversary of “Trafalgar Day” (1805). This is the first important monument built in Montreal. It was erected about 1775. This square and adjoining markets are most interesting and should be visited on the days mentioned, for one is transported back a hundred years as he views the scene. // XC A C T K AM WAVS J The Notre Dame cars, which run East from Place d*Armes pass by the Nelson Monument, Transfers are good from cars entering Place d^Armes from the West. Our conductors will he glad to direct you. YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 5 of a Series of advertisements on Historical Montreal The Cartier Monument F rom Fletcher’s Field, on the east side of Mount Royal, rises the state- ly monument to Sir Georges Etienne Cartier (1814-1873), one of the Fathers of Confederation. He was an outstand- ing figure in those early days and his vision, his faith, his matchless tact and his ability to persuade and guide have placed Canada forever in his debt. Sir John A. MacDonald said that without him Confederation would have been impossible. This monument was erected by a committee of citizens from subscriptions raised in all parts of the British Empire and the United States. It has, therefore, an international as well as a national significance. Its dedication was originally planned for 1914, but, owing to the war, was postponed until the 6th of September, 1919, when King George himself in Balmoral Castle unveiled the mon- ument by pressing an electric button. The Duke of Devonshire, as the King’s represent- ative, presided at the ceremony as the official guest and a great concourse of people from all parts of the Coatinent were present on the occasion. From the lower steps of the platform to the top of the statue is 101 feet. The statue itself is 18 feet high, standing on a ball 4 feet in height. The spread of the win^ of this statue is 20 feet, while the figure weighs 8,000 pounds. All these bronzes were cast in Brussels, in- cluding the lions. The above illustration shows this statue with the Plaza about it, in the form it will event- ually take. CtfCamwavs^ This notable monument is reached daily by the cars of lines Nos. 41, 52, SO and 96, and, during the summer months by the observation cars of line No. 99. Our conductors will be glad to direct you. St. Josephus Oratory T ‘HIS spot, also known as ‘‘Brother Andre’s,*' IS hallowed by romance of a high order, for many marvellous cures, spiritual and physical, are reported here. Twenty- five years ago the primeval forest of Mount Royal ruled supreme on this slope, but in 1904 the friends of Brother Andre, the humble doorkeeper from 1871 to w09 of the college for small boys, facing on Qu^n Mary Road below, built him there a little clmpel 15 by 12 feet, in honour of his patron Samt—St. Joseph. This, enlarged in 1908, 1909, 1910 and 1912. still stands, but in 1915 the present oratory — only a crypt— was begun, and was blessed on December 16, 1917. Its total length is 205 feet and Its breadth 118 feet. Its roof will be the open space before the steps leading to the (325 by 218 feet) now being built behind. Round about there are pavilions of rest for the pilgrims, broad terraces, ancl the reception room of Brother Andr6 for the sick and the dis- tressed. Since 1909 this has been his sole care. Nearby is the clergy house, a busy Secretariat, since the shrine is the scene of vast concourses, organized and spontaneous, more than a million pilgrims visiting it last year. Within the crypt are to be noted the ex voto offerings, the discarded sticks, crutches and limb supports of grateful clients of St. Joseph. The artistically sculptured alabaster vases near the marble High Altar should also be noted. All visitors to Montreal should ascend by the broad flight of 95 steps to the roof of the crypt, 150 feet above Queen Mary Road. A magnif- icent panorama is unfolded, the level plain of the north of the Island extending to the thin ® ^ Riviere de Prairies. About twenty church spires are visible, and beyond, the chain of the Laurentians, while to the left can be seen the gleaming waters of the Lake of Two Moun- tains where the Ottawa’s dark stream joins the waters of the mighty St. Lawrence, YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 6 of a Series of advertisemenu on Historical MontreaL C T K AMWAVS^ Tkl. U car. U^No. 1,; k, j, ^ ^ i, during the summer months. The terminus of line No. 65 is adjacent to the Oratory grounds. Our conductors svill he glad to direct you. YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 7 of a se- ries of advertisements on Htstoncal Montreal St. James Cathedral T his is the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montreal. It is a magnificent building and has been patterned from St. Peter's in Rome, with certain changes made necessary by climate. The corner-stone was solemnly laid on August 28th, 1870, but it was only in 1894 that the Cathe- dral was open for public worship. St. Peter’s is 696 feet long, while this Cathe- dral is 330, it is therefore nealy half the linear dimensions of the great Church in Rome. The interior is most impressive, lofty, graceful and simple. Under the Dome is a magnificent canopy, copied from the one in St. Peter’s, beneath which is the High Altar of marble and onyx, while the Archiepiscopal Throne, sculp- tured and inlaid with ivory, stands at ^e Gospel side of the Altar. Several interesting paintings, recalling historical events connected with the early days of Montreal, adorn the arcades of the transepts and the lower walls. Within this Church is found the Papal Zouaves* Chapel, built in memory of the Crusaders of 1868 and 1870. The Archbishop’s Palace, the residence of the Archbishop, as well as that of his coadjutor, adjoins the vestry. At the North entrance of the Cathedral is a fine bronze statue to the memory of Bishop Bourget, who conceived the idea of the Cathedral. T'he sculptor, Philippe Hubert, has represented himself as a young Zouave in one of the plaques. C T K AM WAVS ^ TKc Cathedrat can be reached directly by cars on routes 9, 14, 47 f 65, 70, 71 and 83, and is u/ithin a short distance of St. Catherine and Peel Streets where convenient transfer may he made. Our conductors will he glad to direct you. Fort de la Montagne The Qrand Seminary YOUR MONTREAL This is No, 8 of a Series of advertise^ menls on Historical Montreal, The Grand Seminary and Collkge de Montreal The Martello Towers, O N THE north side of Sherbrooke Street, to the westward and not far from Guy Street, is an imposing group of buildings known as the Grand Seminary. Over the door are carved the words “Hie Indi Evangelizabantur“ (Here the Indians were evangelized). Here, about 1677, an Indian mission was started by the Sulpician Missionaries. Destroyed by fire, it was reconstructed in 1681, and redoubts and palisades were erected in wood in 1685. In the central part, Vachon de Belmont, a Sulpician, added, in 1694, a stone wall enclosure called “The Fort des Messieurs, “ the whole being later known as the Priests* Farm. Within this enclosure, designed to be a place for retreat from the Indians if attacked, was finally constructed a chapel and chateau, the site being surrounded by four Martello Towers at the comers, two of which still stand, and with the head- Quarters of the Seminary on Place d*Armes, are among the oldest buildings in modern Montreal. The Grand Seminary, commenced in 1854, and completed in 1857 is situated here^ and is the scene of the general scholastic activities of the Sulpi- cians. A large number of seminarists from all parts of this Continent here receive their education. To the east there is a block known as the College de Montreal or le petit Seminaire, which was established there in 1870, its previous location beingin the presbytery of the Cur6 of Longue Pointe in 1767. In 1773 it became known as St. Raphael Col- lege and was located in the old Chateau de Vaudreuil which was burned in 1803. Afterwards, in 1804, the name was changed to the College de Montr6al and it was situated on College Street, now St. Paul Street, west of McGill Street, until 1862, after which it was housed in the Grand Seminary until the building at present in use was completed in 1870. The College of Philosophy is built behind the Grand Seminary, higher up on the slope, and is approached from Cote des Neiges Road above Guy Street. From 1876 until 1894 this college was also housed in the Grand Seminary. The two towers which are still standing can be seen from Sherbrooke Street. In the West Tower was a school for the Indian girls and the East was the home of the Sisters of the Congregation who taught there. Within this tower in 1696 were placed the remains of Francois Tho- rohiongo, a Huron warrior who had b^n baptized by the martyr Br6beuf, and who lived to be one hundred years old. His grand-daughter, Th6r^se Gannensaguas, one of the first pupils of the Mountain Mission, afterwards a nun, taught school here as a member of the Congregation de Notre Dame, founded by Marguerite Bourgeoys, the first schoolmistress of Montreal. The Quy Street cars. Nos. 14, 47 and 65, run four blocks east, tvhile the Sherbrooke Street autobuses pass by the door. Our conductors will be glad to direct you. S YOUR MONTREAL This is "No. 9 of a Series of advertisements on Historical MontreaL Lafontaine Park M ontreal has many breathing places. Mount Royal is the largest park in the city. Next in size is Lafontaine Park, and by many it is con- sidered the most beautiful in the city. It covers a space of 95 acres and occupies the area between Am- herst and Papineau Streets, Sherbrooke and Rachel. Many years ago this land was known as Logan’s Farm, and a wise city government reserved it for the use of the east end of Mont- real, renting it from the Federal Government in 1901 as a park. It has many flower beds; an artificial lake large enough for boating; hot houses; bandstand and a small zoo. This park is one of the beauty spots of the eastern part of Montreal, and should be included in the itiner- ary of every visitor to the city. The park ts reached by cars of lines No*. I, 10, 44, 98 and the autobus Sherbrooke-Papineau. Our conductors will he glad to direct you. Notre Dame de Bonsecours YOUR MONTREAL This is "No,! Oof a Series of advertisements on Historical Montreal* / T his quaint shrine on the quay, popularly known as the ‘'Sailors’ Chapel,” is one of the most interesting in Montreal. It stands near the market of the same name. Founded in 1657 by Marguerite Bourgeoys, the first school-mis- tress, it was a centre for reunion of the young women of the colony of Ville Marie, whom she mothered in piety and social service. It was the first stone chapel on this Island, being finished in 1675 before the Notre Dame Church. In 1678 it was handed over to the Sulpicians of Notre Dame who still serve it as a chapel of ease. It was reduced to ashes in the fire of 1754. The present struc- ture was not built till 1771-1773. This was remodelled and added to in 1889. This Chapel should be visited by ail means, and especially the shrine above the Chapel. A fine view of the harbour and the mountain can be obtained from the platform on the tower. This church, with its interesting history, is well uforth visiting. It can be reached by all eastbound cars leaving Place d*Anne$ Square, Our conductors will be glad to direct you. McGill University T his well-known seat of learning was named after the Honorable James McGill, a wealthy citizen of Montreal, who bequeathed to a college which should eventually bear his name, the great Burnside Estate, and a sum of £10,000. In 1821 this college was incorporated and in 1829 began its work of teaching. It was not until 1855, however, that prosperity began to shine on this college, with the advent of John William Dawson, afterwards Sir William Dawson, as principal. In 1895, he was suc- ceeded by Sir William Peterson, who, in turn, was followed by Sir Auckland Geddes in 1919, and ultimately, in 1920, by General Sir Arthur Currie, Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Forces in France during the Great War. The University occupies about 700 acres of land, and has over 40 buildings, where eight faculties are found teaching Medicine, Arts, Law, Applied Science, Dentistry, Graduate School, Music and Agriculture, and there are departments of Commerce, Pharmacy and Physical education. In its numerous courses it is affiliated with Oxford, Cambridge and a number of Canadian universities. The Percival Molson Memorial Stadium on Pine Avenue is the scene of the inter-collegiate football matches and other notable athletic events, while during the season the under- graduates may be seen playing cricket and practising football on the college campus. Every visitor to Montreal should walk through this beautiful campus and view the buildings of the University in which Montrealers take so much pride. YOUR MONTREAL Thit is No. jj of a series of advertisements on HistorioMl MontreaL C T K AM WAYS ^ All Sherbrooke Street autobuses pass McQill University M ontreal is the second largest port on the Continent and has the largest grain exporting elevator system in the world. The total storage capacity of the elevators is 12,162,000 bushels, delivery to ocean vessels 450,000 bushels per hour, unloading inland vessels 150,000 bushels per hour, unloading railway cars 150,000 bushels per hour. The height of these elevators is approximately 200 feet. The total quantity of grain exported in one season amounted to 166,000,000 bushels. There are approximately nine miles of modern deep draft wharves capable of accommodating one hundred ocean steamships, varying in length from 350 to 600 feet. The principal liners berth at piers 1,250 feet long and 300 feet wide, each pier accommodat- ing four vessels about 600 feet in length. The number of sea-going vessels arriving in the Port of Montreal during 1926 was 1,421, with a net registered tonnage of 4,221,730. The total tonnage of all commodities handled dur- ing 1926 including grain, was 9,210,499 tons. These statistics are all the more remarkable in view of the fact that the port is 1000 miles from the sea and on account of the climate, the river is only open for navigation seven months in the year. The Harbour of Montreal has a navigable channel of 30 feet at extreme low water. This is being deepened to 35 feet, but it will take some years to complete this work. There is an electrical railway system of 70 miles operated by electrical locomotives of the latest design. There is also here a cold storage warehouse ten stories high, 400 feet in length and 100 feet in width. Immediately in front of this warehouse is a deep draft berth where steamships may be loaded or unloaded direct, while railway cars, motor trucks and other vehicles are handled on the distributing floor. Canadian Vickers Limited operate a dry-dock in the Port which has a total lifting capacity of 25,000 tons and is capable of being operated in sections of lesser capacity. The floating crane in use here has a lifting capacity of 75 tons. The port is operated by the Harbour Commissioners, a public body consisting of three members, a general manager and a chief engineer, under the control of the Dominion Government. CTR.AMWAVS3 Our conductors will he pleased to suggest the best route to take to visit the harbour. ■a" YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 13 of a series of advei tisements on Historical \fontreaL Cop^ght, Canada, 1927 St. Helenas Island T his beautiful little island, lying about half a mile off shore in the Harbour, is a most charming city park. One will find here sylvan glades, pleasant bathing beaches with amusement pavilions, all perfectly policed and very well run. This island has an interesting history. Cham- plain in 1611 named it after his wife H61fene Boul6, then only twelve years of age. Although that year he chose Place Royale opposite for his trading post, he had his eye on St. Helen’s Island, ‘Vhere there is room,” he said, ”to build a good strong town.” On June 11, 1687, an expedition of two hundred flat boats with as many birch bark canoes, carrying a primitive expeditionary force against the Indians, left the island, struggled against the Lachine Rapids and proceeded to Fort Frontenac, now Kingston. In 1688, Vaudreuil, the Governor, erected a barracks on St. Helen's Island as a defence against the Indians. In 1760, the brave commander, Marquis de Levis, withdrew to the island and there was prepared to make his last stand before surrendering to the English. St. Helen’s Island was formerly part of the barony of Longueuil, the founder being Charles Lemoyne who came to Montreal in 1646 as the storekeeper and inter- preter of the garrison. He afterwards became enobled and his son, Charles, became the first baron. His many other sons became famous over this continent. The last of the family to own the island was the Baroness Grant who had her summer home there. It later became a garrison for the British and is now a muni- cipal park. Do not fail to visit this delightful spot with your family this summer. Ctkamwavsj The Island is easily reached by taking the street cars that run to the comer of Craig and St. Denis, lines Nos. 1, 10, 12, 23, 35, 44, 68 and 95, where you change tc the autobus (fare 5c.) that runs to the Island Ferry. Our conductors will he glad to direct you. YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 14 of a Series >f ad%fertisements on Historical MontreaL Cop^ght, Canada, 19Z7 The Mother House of the Grey Nuns Grey Nuns** or the H6pital G6n4ral has a * long history of usefulness in Montreal. The **Grey Nuns*’— so called from their habit— are officially the ‘‘Sisters of Charity,** and were found^ in Montreal by a widow, Madame d'Youville, thus: About 1692-4 there was built on what is now lower St. Peter Street an institution or asylum for old men and young orphan boys, with the title of “HCpital General** to distiiiguish it from the medical hospital of the Hdtel Dieu. This was conducted by some Mont- real business meii as a social work, becoming re- organized as a religious congregation and known as the “Charon Freres** after the name of their founder. These carried on only till 1747, when their building (still standing today) was handed over to Madame d’Youville and her group of social workers who be- came finally recognized as a religious congregation. They added to the original H6pital G6n6ral, and by 1861, Iwd an extensive group of buildings down town extending from about McGill Street to what is now Lower St. Peter Street, between YouviUe Square and Youville Street. Some of the buildings used as ware- houses are still to be seen. In 1871, they abandoned this site and moved to the present position bounded by St. Catherine, North, Guy Street, East, and Dorchester on the South, and St. Matthew on the West, so as to be in the country I This, the Mother House of the “Grey Nuns**, under- takes the care of foundlings, orphan boys and girls, poor and aged men and women, besides having an industrial school for young girls. This Mother House directs about 60 branches in the Province of Quebec and elsewhere in Canada, of which over twenty-five are in Western Canada ; and more than fourteen in the United States. During the seven years' war ending in the cession of Canada, 1760, the HOpital General on St. Peter Street offered wards for the sick English prisoners and during the war of 1914-1918, the “Grey Nuns’* opened their west wing for wounded soldiers, some of whom were buried in their hospital grounds. The visitor will note in the grounds, near the comer of Guy and Dorchester Struts, a Red Cross. Such a red cross has stood outside for many years. It marked the spot on the crossing of the highway of the burial of a double murderer in 1752, who had been “broken** alive in the public place at Place Royale. In course of time, the cross was moved to where it now stands. Notre -Dame de Lourdes T his picturesque shrine is used as the official chapel of the University of Montreal at St. Catherine Street, a little east of St. Denis Street. Below is a base- ment chapel (1776) containing a replica of the famous grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes. The style of the building is Byzan- tine in architecture and Renais- sance in art. It was built largely with the co-operation of the Semi- nary of St. Sulpice, its artist being the late Napol4on Bourassa, under whom the Canadian sculptor, Philippe Hubert, began his career. The Upper Chapel (1851) is very richly decorated; the pictures are very interesting and particularly "The Proclamation of the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception,” which takes up the whole interior of the dome (35 feet in diameter and 120 feet in height) which looks down upon the nave and transept. The visitor should cross the road to the Church of St. James. This Gothic edifice is the successor of the first built in 1823-25 for the first chapel of the Bishop of Mont- real, Mgr. Lartigue (1821-1849). It served as such till 1852 and was burned down in the great fire in that neighborhood. Rebuilt in 1857, it was immediately destroyed by another fire in 1859, but, as the walls were firm, the repair was easy, and in 1860 it was reopened. When Notre Dame Parish Church ceased in 1866 to be the sole parish church, St. James became the second parish church in the Catholic diocese of Montreal. The entrance on St. Catherine Street is a splendid piece of architectural work and looks spacious in its framework of trees and terraces. YOUR MONTREAL This is No« 15 of a Series of udvertisements on Historical MontreaL This shrine can reached by cars on routes Nos* 3, 3A, 4,9, 15 and 72, Our conductors will he glad to direct you. The Mother House of the Congregation of Notre Dame T he Mother House of the Congregation of Notre Dame on Sherbrooke Street and Atwater Avenue is a link with the pioneer days of Montreal. It is the administra- tion headquarters of the order of women teachers founded by Marguerite Bourgeoys, the first school- mistress of the city. She came to Montreal from France in 1653, eleven years after its first settle- ment, to teach, but, as there were no chil- dren, she had to wait, helping Jeanne Mance of the Hotel Dieu and the Governor Maison- neuve in social work till 1657 when she opened the first school in a stable (36 x 18 feet) on St. Paul Street, ooposite the old Hotel Dieu. Here she also formed a permanent group of social workers and teachers and finally founded the religious community of the Congregation de Notre Dame. She used to gather the women-folk of Ville Marie at the first Bonsecours Chapel, which she had erected. Their buildings grew, were burnt down, and re- erected. By 1880, they owned a great block of school property extending east of the old Hotel Dieu up to St. Jean Baptiste Street. Since about 1914, this has disappeared. In 1880, the Mother House and novitiate was transferred to a spot near the present Villa Maria Boarding College, and in 1908, to the present position. Until recently, here were housed their courses of Higher Studies for women which have now been transferred to the handsome Institut Pedagogique on West mount Avenue. Besides a normal school and several boarding schools in the neighborhood, the Sisters have charge of very many primary schools and academies in the city. Many houses of this teaching order have spread over Canada and the United States. The in- fluence of Marguerite Bourgeoys and her followers in Montreal as teachers for nearly three centuries is aptly visualized by this great Mother House. YOUR MONTREAL TKi* i§ No. 16 of a Series of advertisements on Histitrical Montreal ^ '^ ^TKAMWAVS3 ) Cot*yrigh(, Canada 1927 The Mother House of the Congregation of Notre Dame described abm>e may be reached easily by cars of lines 14 42 43 47 52 observation cars line No. 99 or Sherbrooke Street Autobuses. Our conductors will be ^d to di^ett you ’ ’ ' ' YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 17 of a Series of advertisements on Historical Montreal The Art Association of Montreal Co Copyright inada^ 1917 'T^HE marble Art Gallery situated on the corner of Sherbrooke Street and Ontario Avenue was opened on Decem- ber 9th, 1912, by H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught, then Governor-General. It is built in Greek style with a portico supported by Ionic columns, and is owned by the Art Association of Montreal, Incorporated in i860. The permanent collection amounts to nearly four hundred paintings, includ- ing many examples of the modern Dutch and French schools. Loaned exhibits are made from time to time. The Royal Canadian Academy of Arts Exhibition is held here every other year, and in March, the Spring Ex- hibition of the Arts Association is held. Here also will be found a collection of statuary, pottery and other art ob- jects, while art classes are held from October to May. Admission is free on Saturdays, Sun- days and Mondays from 2 to 5, and free all day on Thursdays, with the exception of July and August, when it is closed on Mondays. d T K AMWAV S 3 > Sherbrooke Autobuses run by the door and the Quy Street cars, route numbers 14, 47 and 65, run within four blocks to the West of the building. Our conductors will be glad to direct you. T The Forrestier House T his old structure stands on the southeast cor- ner of St. Peter and Notre Dame Streets. It was known as the Forrestier House and is a good type of the houses built in the latter half of the 18th century. Under the little niche over the doorway is the date 1767 ; so the house was built shortly after the British occupation of Montreal in 1760. 1 his spot is interesting historically principally be- cause it was the military headquarters of General Montgomery during the occupation of Montreal by the Continental army, from November, 1775, to the evacuation of Montreal by the notorious Benedict Arnold in June, 1776. At the same time, further east on Notre Dame Street the Chateau de Ramezay was the head- quarters of the Commissioners sent by the Conti- nental Congress to persuade the French-Canadians to join the revolting Colonies to the south. These were Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Chase and Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and with them they brought, for propaganda purposes, Fleury Mesplet, a French printer who had been living at Philadelphia. They returned home unsuccessful, but Mesplet stayed behind and founded the Montreal Gazette in 1778. The population of the city was about 8,000, mostly French. 'Fhe sitdof the Ro>^l Bank opposite, on the comer of St. Peter, Notre Dame and St. James Streets, is interesting to visitors, for on the southwest corner of St. Peter Street and St. James there stood until recently the Mechanics Building, which was the scene of public meetings in the past. It was at the comer of a small burial ground of ninety feet square which once belonged to Pierre Gadoys, one of the first colonists given a concession in Montreal and after whom probably was named St. Peter Street, on^of the first streets surveyed (about 1672). The Civic Library nPHIS handsome building, facing Lafontaine Park, was opened informally by Marshal Joffre on May 13th, 1917, who was on a visit here during the Great War, it being formally opened to the public in the September fol- lowing. Its visitors’ book has many distinguished names. It has a good collection of books and among them there is the Gagnon Collection of 12,500 pieces, consisting of bound and unbound manu- scripts and many curiosities, autographs, geographical maps, etc. The Library stands on the south side of Sherbrooke Street East, facing the Nor- mal School on Lafontaine Park. YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 19 of a Series of odvertisements on Historical MontreaL Copyright. Canada, 19Z7 C T K AMWAVS 3 The autobuses of the Sherbrooke Street line stop in front of, and tramways of lines Nos. t, 10 and 44 doss within a short distance from, this library. Our conductors will be pleased io direct you. Historic Place Royale H istorically, this is the oldest spot in Montreal out- side of Mount Royal itself, which was visited in 1535 by Jacques Car- tier. Place Royale was the name given by Samuel de Champlain to his annual trading post here with the Ottawa Indians. It was so used by Champlain from 1611-1635. He cleared the ground and planted a garden there, so that Maisonneuve chose this place for his per- manent settlement of Ville Marie in 1642. Nearby there was a little river, the St. Pierre, which now runs underground, incorporated in the sewerage system of the city. In this little haven Champlain and Maisonneuve anchored their lighter craft. Place Royale was outside the Fort (its site being a little to the west, marked by the first Colonists* memorial). It was the first place d'armp or became the first public market place. Here were held the great annual fur fairs. Hither the Indians from the up countries would gather and pitch their wig- wams around what is now Capitol Street. Itwas the Public Place in theFrench regime and here the public execu- tions as well as the minor punish- ments took place, such as the whip- ping post, the pillory and the stocks. It was so used also in the British regime. In both regimes it was the centre of the port activities. In 1838 the old Custom House (now the Revenue House) still standing, was erected and was so used until 1870 when the Federal Goverment purchased from the Royal Insurance Company the building (still standing) at No. 1 Common Street, at what was once called Pointe-5-Calliere from a Governor of that name (1685-1698) Montreal became officially a port of entry in 1842 and in the early days of steamboats Place Royale was still the market place and the landing wharf so that it was a place of bustle and importance. The statue standing above the fountain was erected within recent years to the memory of the Honorable John Young, a prominent citizen, who was largely instrumental in the early development of the Port and Harbour — a type of the merchants whose vision foresaw the greatness of Montreal. Our conductors will be glad to direct you. YOUR MONTREAL This is No. 21 of a Series of advertisements on Historical MontreaL The Hotel Dieu The First Hospital of Montreal T he Hotel Dieu or God’s Hostel is closely connected with the his- tory of our city. When the inspiration came in Paris about 1636 to found Ville Marie, as the first permanent settlement found- ed at Montreal in 1642 was called, a hospital — a purely religious nursing order — was foreseen and a branch of the Nursing Sisters, “Filles Hospita- lieres,” established elsewhere in 1636, was established in 1639 at Lafleche, to prepare for duty in Montreal. This opportunity did not come till 1659 when Jeanne Mance brought them over to help her. Preliminary funds were given to her privately to establish a hospital, and she opened her first dispensary in the mission buildings in the fort on You- ville Square near Place Royale. In 1644, she built her first Hotel Dieu at what now is the northeast corner of St. Paul and St. Sulpice Streets (formerly St. Joseph Street). But, it was too far from the fort! She had to retire thither, while her first hospital building became, under the direction of Town Major Lambert Closse, a military fortress for four years and a half, as a defence against Iroquois attacks. In 1659 she was joined at the Hotel Dieu by the Filles Hospitalieres, but remained the lay administratrix till her death in 1673. The Hotel Dieu, in spite of several fires, grew and grew, taking in nearly the whole block bounded bySt. Paul Street, St. Sulpice Street and a little below Notre Dame Street. On the east, it extended almost to the lower part of St. Lawrence Boulevard. It served as the only medical hospital until the opening of the General Hospi- tal in 1822. It was removed from St. Paul Street in 1861 and has been established since that time at its present site, Mont St. Famille, on Pine Avenue, forming a conspicuous group of buildings at the southeast end of Fletcher’s Field or *i “Parc Mance." Villa Maria Convent V ILLA MARIA, on the Western crest of Mount Royal, has two dates. The first is 1794 when Judge J. Monk built the central part of the present buildings, which became a little later the home of the Governor- General of Canada. The second date is 1854 and marks the actual beginning of Villa Maria. The site on which it stands is known to the present day as “Monklands” where the family of Monk lived who gave so many distinguished citizens to Canada, on the bench and in politics. It was in the ancient part of the buildings that Lord Elgin took refuge from the mob after signing the Rebel- lion Losses Bill in 1849 in the Union Parliament House on Youville Square, I 6 f ! J Jl I F which was burnt down that same day. In this house Lord Elgin’s son was bbrn, who became afterwards Viceroy of India. The property was finally purchased (in 1854) from Samuel Cornwallis Monk for the pur- pose of providing a boarding school for the young ladies of the city where they might be educated under the direction of the Sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame. This organization, it will be remembered, was started in 1657 by Marguerite Bourgeoys, the first schoolmistress of Montreal. The central building was added to and a large and distinguished school has grown up. Memories of vice-regal days linger around the rooms of the older portions and indeed Villa Maria has a continuous story of historic memories for it has been frequently visited by Royalty and many distinguished person- ages representing Church and State, the latest being Queen Marie of Roumania. This school holds a place of great affection in many Montreal households. YOUR MONTREAL This U No. 22 of a Series of advertisements on Historical Montreal. C TRrAMVVAVS 3 Copyright, Canada, 1927 Our conductors will be glad to direct you Ir r . 1 -ifi fl t i III The New Court House YOUR MONTREAL Thu it "No. 23 of a Scrict of tidvertisements on Historicai MontroaU Copyright, ConoOo, iPO, T he Court House district should be visited. The present “Palais de Justice” was opened in 1856 on the site of a previous Court House and prison, the former being burnt in 1844 and the latter demolished in 1849. The annexes to the west were built later. The palatial new Criminal Court House erected in 1926 stands on the opposite side of Notre Dame Street. It has a magnificent colonnade before its portal. At present its majesty is dwarfed by being shut in by the opposite build- ings on the narrow street. The new building will be the home of the Archives of the District of Montreal which are at present in the basement of the old Court House. Though these date from the permanent settlement of Montreal in 1642, they have been wonderfully preserved. When the Court House was burnt in 1844, the only documents lost were a portion of the Criminal Records. Hence our Montreal judicial records are perhaps the most perfect and the most ancient of any city in North America; they include records of births, marriages and deaths and notarial deeds. The documents dealing with the municipal life of the city since the establishment of British rule are kept in the vaults and in the City Hall. Historians of the future have a happy hunting ground amongst these Archives. X Our conductors udll he glad to direct you. / The Mayor^s rooms art noteworthy for their dignity MONTREAL This is No. 24 ot a terics of advertisements on Historical Montreal, Copyright, Canada, 1927 The CITY HALL 'T'HE handsome City Hall on Notre Dame Street A East, is worthy of a visit. Its magnificent Hall of Honour is a credit to any municipality. Its floors and walls are of exquisite marble from foreign climes and its electrolier of golden bronze of massive size made in Paris, strikes one’s attention. This beautiful City Hall was opened on February 15th, 1926, the previous one on the same site having been entirely gutted by fire in March, 1922. The walls of the latter, however, were strong and have been utilized with the addition of a fifth storey built above them. This earlier City Hall, of which the foundation stone was laid in 1872, was opened in 1878; before that time the City Council held its meetings for twenty-six years in the City Hall within the Municipal Market, still standing on Bonsecours Street. The City Hall Annex stands near the City Hall, on Gosford Street, between Champ de Mars and St. Louis Streets. It was ready for occupation in 1914. During the lengthy period between 1922 and 1926 when the new City Hall was being constructed, this served also as the seat of the Municipal Government. The site of the present City Hall and its predecessor is opposite that of the Chateau de Ramezay, once the Montreal seat of the Government of Canada; the Gov- ernment gardens thus becoming later the site of our City Hall. North of the City Hall is the Champ de Mars, formerly part of the Jesuit gardens under the French r6gimeand later the parade ground of the British troops — whence its name. CTRAMWAVS^ ‘ ' Our conductors uHlf be fflad to direct you The MONTREAL GENERAL HOSPITAL T he history of the Montreal General Hospital extends back over more than a century — to 1815, in fact, when the Ladies' Benevolent Society began the work which formed the nucleus of the great institution which flourishes today. The existence of the actual hospital began in 1818 when the Society secured a house on Craig Street, just east of St. Lawrence Main, and established there a small hospital of twenty-four beds. The medical requirements of this un- pretentious institution were taken care of by four professional men associated with the Montreal Medical Institution, which was formally inaugurated in 1824 and in 1828 became the Medical Faculty of McGill University. Even before the present building was opened in 1822 this preparatory hos- pital had become known as the Montreal General Hospital. Situated in the busy and crowded east end of the rapidly growing city, it necessarily followed that the expansion of such an institution would keep pace with the needs of the people, and the history of the hospital since 1822 is mainly a record of the addition of new wings and departments. In honor of Hon. John Richardson, Chief Justice Reid and Thomas Moreland, wings were opened in 1832, 1848 and 1874 respectively. In 1867 a Contagious Disease Building for the treatment of smallpox was erected, and in 1883 the first Ambulance Service in Canada was instituted here. The training school for nurses was established in 1890 and the corner-stone of the Jubilee Nurses' Home laid in 1897. The Surgical Pavilion, composed of wings in honor of Dr. G. VV. Campbell and David Greenshields, and the Operating Suite — a bequest of the late G^rge Hamilton — were added in 1892. The present Pathological Building was erected in 1909; the first Dental Clinic— now that of the Dental Faculty of McGill University — was founded in the same year. The imposing “New" Building was begun in 1911, and in 1924 an up-to-date Bio-Chemical Laboratory was built and equipped. The needs of the Training School were met in 1926, when the foundations for a new school and residence for nurses were laid. On January 1st, 1924, the Western Hospital, situated in the west end of the city and established there in 1884, was amalgamated with the Montreal General, so that now there are sections n east and west to continue the good work which was begun in such a humble way over a century ago. CTRAMWAVS 3 Our conductors will be glad to direct you. The ROYAL VICTORIA HOSPITAL YOUR MONTREAL A SUPERB location on the slope of Mount Royal, and a picturesque style of archi- tecture, combine to make the Royal Victoria Hospital one of the most beautiful sights in Montreal. The buildings are mainly of Montreal limestone and are connected by stone bridges which tend to preserve the original motif of a Scottish baronial castle. The name ‘‘Royal Victoria*' was chosen to honor Her Most Gracious Majesty, the late Queen Victoria, as the idea of establishing the hospital was conceived in 1887, in which year she cele- brated the fiftieth anniversary of her coming to the throne. The first main group of buildings was inaugurated in December, 1893, being founded and endowed by the late Lord Mount Stephen and Lord Strathcona, two public- Spirited citizens of Montreal, “for the relief of the suffering poor and the advancement of the arts of healing.’* The following January the hospital was opened for the reception of patients, with a capacity of two hundred beds, which number soon increased to three hundred. A pathological building was added in October of the same year. In 1916 the Ross Memorial Pavilion, a magnificent building with the most modem equipment, was opened, providing accommodation for one hundred and twenty private patients as well as X-Ray and Physiotherapy Departments. Four years later the new Out-Patient Building was^ completed, and in 1924 the University Medical Clinic was founded and a new Pathological Institute built, in conjunction with McGill University. The final unit was added to the ^oup in 1926 when the Royal Montreal Maternity Building was opened with a capacity of two hundred and fifty beds. Clinical and research work are carried on in all depart- ments and there are now seven hundred and fifty beds available for teaching purpose? in this splendid institution, who^ usefulness and beauty are subjects of justifiable pride to Montrealers. Thu if No. 26 of a Series of advertUements on HUtorical Montreal Copyright, Canada, 1927 TKAMWAVS. Our conductors will he glad to direct you YOUR MONTREAL Thu U No. 27 of a Series of advertUemenU on HUtorical Montreal. Universite de Montreal T his great university, which has a total enrolment of over five thou- sand students, was originally a branch of Laval University of Quebec, but in 1919 it received its own autonomy — civil and canonical — and is now widely known as one of the chief cultural centres of French-speaking Canada. Its course of studies follows the tradi- tions of the great universities of Old France, adapted to meet new world requirements, and embraces all branches of classical, scientific, practical and religious education. The Administration Building of the Univer- sity of Montreal is located on St. Denis Street, just below St. Catherine, and the various faculties, clinics and affiliated arts colleges are scattered throughout the city. Recently, however, plans have been made to assemble these various units and a site for the new university has been chosen on the northwestern slope of Mount Royal. When the magnificent edifice now in con- templation has materialized, and the now scattered faculties gather round it, the Uni- versity of Montreal will indeed present an imposing and attractive ensemble. CTR.AMVyAVS3 CopyrttU, Canada. I9rr Our conductors will be glad to direct you YOUR MONTREAL The Close of the S INCE May 30th, the Mont- real Tramways Company have been publishing every week an advertisement on historical and picturesque Montreal. This series, however, has now drawn to a close, for in 1928 the adver- tisements will be devoted to other subjects, to which we respectfully commend the atten- tion of our readers. Many of the facts that we have gathered together are not to be Historical Series found in the ordinary reference library and we are sure that the series will be worth preserving. We hope, after the first of the year, to put the historical series into portfolio form in order to comply with the many requests for historical data regarding the sights, landmarks and institu- tions of Montreal which may con- veniently be reached by either the cars or the autobuses of the Company. Copyright, Canada, 1927 PRINTED IN CANADA