(mm Hx lubris ^/t’// * / /2 . • Jr/'M Y/S-S/r /ewt'S . fmhiiWi ;_, .-i- ■ • ; *3*=: 2^8 'yysisfsf^ ** ^■- uw^ V- •w *s. v\ 5.,# **• *\ THE O F The Argument En ciftinft Squares here feen apart, Are joyn'd in one by Cutters art. i old Democritus under a tree, Sits on a flone with hook on knee About him hang there man) features, of Cats, Dogs and fitch like creatures, of which he makes Anatomy, The feat of bla.k choler to fee. Over his head appears the skie, And Saturn Lord of melancholy. i Tot h‘ left alandskip of Jealoufie, Prefents it felf unto thine eye. A Kingfifher , a Swan, an Hern, Two fghting Cocks you may difeern, Two roaring Bulls each other hie, To ajj atilt concerning Venery. Symboles are thefe-,1 fay no more, Conceive the reft by that's afore. 3 The next of Solitarinefs, A portraiture doth well exprefs. By fleeping dog, cat: Buck and Do, Bares, Conies in the de fart go .* Bats, Owls thefhady bowers over, Jn melancholy darknefs hover. Mark well: if 7 be not as't (hould be, Blame the bad Cutter,and not me. 4 1th' under Columne there doth f,land Inamorato with folded hand-, Down hangs his head, terfe and polite, Some dittie(tire he doth indite. His lute and books about him lie. As (ymptornes of his vanity. If this do not enough difclofe, To paint hirn,take tby felf by th' nofe. 5 Hypocondriacus leans on his arm, Wtnde in his fide doth him much harm. And troubles him full [ore God knows, Much pain he hath and many woes. About him pots and glaffes lie, Newly brought from s Apothecary. This Saturn’s afpefts ftgmfie, Ton fee them portraid tn the skie. of the Frontifpiece. 6 Beneath them kneeling on his knee, A Superfluous man you fee : Hefafis, prays, on his Idol fxt, Tormented hope and fear betrvixt: , For hell perhaps he takes more pain, . 7 hen thou dofl Heaven it felf to gain* * Alas poor Soul, I pitie thee. What flars incline thee fotobe i 7 But fee the Madman rage down right With furious looks, a gafly fight. Naked in chains bound doth he lie, Kyind roars amain he knows not why ? obferve him-, for as in aglafs, Thine angry portraiture it was. His pi ft tire keep fill in thy prefence- Twixt him ana thee, thers no difference. 8 9 Borage and We.We.bcst fill two feehes, Soveraign plants to purge the veins Of melancholy,and chear the heart, of thofe black fumes which make it fmdrt$ To clear the Brain of mi fly fogs. Which dull our fenfes, and Soul clogs. • The befi medicine that ere God made For this malady, if well affaid. i o Now laf of all to fill a place, Prefented is the Authors face L And in that habit which he wears. His Image to the world appears. His minde no art can well exprefsf That by his writings you may guefs. It was not pride, nor yet vainglory, ( Though others do it commonly ) Made him do this : if you mufi know. The Printer would needs have it fo. Then do not frown or fcojfe at it. Deride not, or detratt a whit. For furely as thou dof by him, * - He will do the fame again. Then look npon't, behold and fee, '■ • As thou lik ft it, fo it likes thee'. ■ And 1 for it willfiand in view, Thine to command. Reader Adtew. r n rub the: ANATOMY OF MELANCHOLY :// the Awe's causes , Uwaf'tf a,. ^ Sirmpfames, 'pri’iincsfiif^s Sp Scucrdll cure. ~ O L <■" . i i ■ In three Partitions, veifh fhcir^ severs .Sections. members V subjections . ®hi hsyiluealfcf. tctnaluj . , Huron caliu. evened' cur vji . (pc mire trim ^Junior . el Saiyncajl' J^rvface. Coniucttui to ike CTeUou'ma (Pisciruroe . Till- Qpixi. ffiiitim . anrreciri atu) ecu a me tired i?p itu c*/fuihOK m *' - . . ^ > r Omne ruiifjiunciuni. ijut mibctur vhlc < J-jgpocendmuus amor a to r )natuaai3 HONORATISSI MO DOMINO NON MINVS VIRTVTE SVA, QUAM GENERIS SPLENDORE, ILLVSTRISSIMO’ GEORGIO BERKLEIO, MILITI DE BALNEO- BARON! DE BERKLEY MOUBREY, SEGRAVE, D. DE BRUSE, ‘DOMINO SVO Multts Nominibitt Obfermtfrr/>«r • left any man by reafon of it, lhould be deceived, expecting a pafquil,a fatyre, fomc ridi¬ culous treatifc fas I my felf fhould have done fome prodigious tetent, or paradox of the earths motion, of infinite Worlds, in infnito vacuo jx fortuita atomorum colliftone , in an infinite waftc, fo caufed by an acciden¬ tal collifion of Motes in the Sun, all which Democritus held, Epicurus and their Mafter Lucippus of old maintained, and are lately revived by Copernicus , Brunus, and fome others. Befides it hath been always an dijb.to.e.u: ordinary cuftom, as a Gelhtts obferves, for later Writers and impoftors, to :Multa a male broach many ahfurd and mfolent fi ft ions , under the name of fo noble a D .'~ phtlofopher as Democritus, to get tbemjelves credit , and by that means the commern data, more to be refpefted, as artificers ufually do. Novo qui marmori afcribmt “*■- Praxatilemfuo. Tisnotfowithme. eju^fulio * Non hie Centauros, non G or ron as. Harpyafctue utauibui.7 * • - - - UJl e Martialis lib. io. epigr, 14. Jnvenies, hominem paginanoftra fapit . A No f luv.SaU i. g A nth •Vet • bcf'o edit. C olum re 1616 . h Hip■ Epi(l. Dmaget. i LaertJib.y. k H or tub ccUubmfdi- No Cent awes here, or Gorgons look to finde, My fubjeft is of man, and humane kinde. Thou thy felf art the fubjeft of my difeourfe. f ^Jftcquid agunt homines , votum^ timor 5 /V voluptn*) GaudiaJifcurfus^ nojtri farrago hbeUi. What ere men do, vows, fears, in ire, in fport, * x,™ Toys, wandrings, are the fum of my report. ccUulr litre Mv intent is no otherwife to ufe his name, then Mercurm GaUobelgicus , fff JciJ Mercurm Britamicus , ufe the name of Mercuric , s Democritus Chriftia- dens, vixitfu- , Although there be fome other circumltances, for which 1 nave l'S5« o- .Walked my felf under this vifard, and feme peculur refpeas, which I LympM: 80 , ot f Q ' ve u expreffe, unull I have fet down a brief character ot this Tma7 is ^ our Democritus , what he was, with an Epitome of his life. Democritus; as he is deferibed by "Hippocrates and • Laertius,ms a little cunais epm- rifll man , very melancholy by nature, averk from company in S&T his latter dales , 1 and much given to foUtarineffc a famous Philofopher n coi.iib,i.c.i. Hi s age 1 coocvus with Socrates, wholly addicted to hisltudies at tne laft and to a private life, writ many excellent works, a great Divine,ac' p yductnm codin ' 7 to the divinity of thofe times, an expert Phyiitian, a i olitician, vous&lin- excellent Mathematician, as’" D/acofmns and the reft of his works do yefe dicit^Abi witnefte.Hewas much delighted with the ftudies of Husbandry, kith demans Ep. n columella, and often I finde him cited by ° Confantmus and others J tbeUkus treating of that fubjeCt. He knew the natures, differences of allbeafts, exempt- plants, fifties, birds $ and, as fome fay, could p underftand the tunes oeulisfepri- t f hcm .In a word, he was omnifariam dottus, a generall lcho- oni oferam da- . i te( j by fome.that he put out his eys 5 and was in his old age volun- SgS tardy blinde, yet faw more then all Greece befidcs, and • writ of every profunda cogi- f u bie<5t Nihil in toto opifeio nature, de quo non jeripjit. A man or an ex- tat ‘ on M c / ccllent wit, profound conceit •, and to attain knowledg the better in his £££- yower years, he travelled to Bgff, and; yftfcni, to confer with tbe 9 fapicfi.uk- i earnec i mcn c admired of fome, defpifed of others. Aker a wandering life, he fetled at Abden, a town in Am,and was Cent for thither to be their omnium penti - Law-maker, Recorder or town-clerk as fome will •, or as others, ne was TJffL there bred and born. Howfoever it was, there he lived at laft in a gar- ms,& nemo den [ n t he fuburbs, wholy betaking himfelf to his ftudies, and a private me novit. u Caving that fometimes he would walk down to the haven^* and Laug JJfdfSfc heartily at fak variety of ridicule, oh,,(It, which then he (aw. Such a one rafmihabtm. Democritus. , r VSSrtL But in the mean time, how doth this concern me or upon what refe- Ure, 6'bide, rcnce do I ufurp his habit i I confeffe indeed that to compare my &c .H,p.Ep. f lf him f or ought I have yet faid, were both impudency and arro- Sw ri- qancie. I do not prefume to make any parallel, Antifiat miht mllibtis tre- fu puimoncm ^ y p arvus fum, nullns fum, altum nectytro, neejpero. Yet thus much 1 l l :z£ wil fay of my felf, and that 1 hope without all fufpition of pride or felf- },V. Sat. 7. conc cit, 1 have lived a filent,fedentary,folicary,private Xif e mthi&mfis, the Univerfity as long almoft as Xemerates in Athens, adfeneclamfere, maielU M.trt. v D e m o c r i T u s to the Reader. to learn vvifdom as he did, penned up mod part in my ftudy.For I have been brought up a ftudcnt in the moft flonfbing Colledge of Europe , 1 Anguftifmo collegia, and can brag with * levins, almoft, 'in ed luce do¬ micilii Fact cam, ton us orb is celeberrimi, per 37 . amos mult a opportunaque didici •, for 30 years I have continued (having the ufe of as good 3 Li- Oxfwd.' n braries as ever he had) a fcholar, and would be therefore loth either * Pra f“t.bift. by living as a drone, to be an unprofitable or unworthy a Member of fo 0“ colLdfii- learned and noble a focietie, or to write that which fhould be any way brary latelyre- dilhonourable to fuch a royal and ample foundation. Something I have ** ed , by °J h9 done, though by my profeffion a Divine,yet turbine raptus ingenii, ,as b he JS*" faid, out of a running wit, an unconftant,unfetled mind,I had a great de- b Scaii ier. fire,(not able to attain to a fuperficial skil in any)to have fome fmattering dmtsZk li in all, to be ahquis in omnibus Julius in fmgnlis, which c Plato commends, d'ffXMgm ' out of him d Lipftns approves and furthers, as fit to be imprinted in all - ai ~ curious wits, not be a (lave of one fcience , or dwell altogether in one fubjell , mplSm, as mojl do, but to rove abroad, centum puer artium, to have an oar in even taUs W mans boat, to e tap of every difh, and ftp of every cup, which faith f CMon- taigne, was well performed by c. Ariftotle and his learned countrey-man mum rM qwd Adrian Turnebm. This roving humor (though not with like fucceffe) allJJU ' braries, with fmall profit for want of art, order, memory, judgment, f iEfaeUib. j. never travelled but in Map or Card, in which my unconfined thoughts Zp*f al - btb <‘- have freely expatiated,as having ever been efpecialy delighted with the h Ambo foms ftudy of Cofmography , h Saturn was Lord of my geniture , culminating, &fonunau, &c.and Mars principal fgnfcater of manners ,in partile conjundion with gffS? mine Afeendent * both fortunate in their houfcs,&c.I am not poor, I am »«*mu pn- not rich-, nihil eft,nihil dee ft, I have little, I want nothing: all my treafure m f m t } tovnu is in Minerva s tower. Greater prefermentas I could never get, fo am I ,cgUm ’ not in debt for it, I have a competency ( Laits Deo) from my noble and munificent Patrons,though I live (fill a Collegia: ftudent, as Democritus in his garden, and lead a monaftique life, ipfe mihi theatrum, fequeftred from thofe tumults and troubles of the world, Et tanquam in (fectila pofi- i Hen p lHS ins, 1 as he faid; in fome high place above you all, like Stoicus Sapiens, k cai!dc« n - omma pcula, prater it a prefentiaqvidins,uno velut intuit u, I hear and fee what is done abroad, how others k run, ride, turmoil, and macerate mfTcvSm. themfelves in court and countrey, far from thofe wrangling Law fuits, ( Ue - auU vanitattm, fori ambitionem, ndere mccttm foleo : I laugh at all, 1 only E fecure, left my fmt go amifs, my ftps pen ft), corn and cattle mifearry, trade 1 cyp!adv<>. decay, 1 have no wife nor children good or had to provide for. A mecr Vnice p fpedator of other mens fortunes and adventures, and how they a dam m fro?' their parts, which me thinks are divcrlly prefented unto me, as from aut in ”™" in- a comnon theatre or Icene. I hear new news every day, and thofe ordinary rumors of war, plagues, fires, inundations, thefes, murders, patnmonio fiiii maffacres, meteors, comets,fpe. Hand gazing like filly paftengers, at an antic', pi&ure in a painters fhop, «d?mry e flquhn him loyter by the way, that went in haft to fetch a mid-wife for his daugh- ter, now ready to lie down. For my parti have honourable 11 prefidents mim frqma-’ for this which I have done: I will cite one for all, <_ Anthonie Zara Pap. Epifc. his Anatomie of wit, in four fedtions, members, fubfedbions, &c. tes. to be read in our Libra ries. j Prtfat.mt. If any man except againft the matter or manner of treating of this my jietuccmpar - fubjedt, and will demand a reafon of it, I can alleage more then one, I turicnli filicc write of melancholy, by being bufie to avoid melancholy. There is no acccr f™ t ‘ m °- greater caule or melancholy then ldlenefle, no better cure then bufineffe, peffunt. as x Rhafis holds: and howbeit,y?«/f labor eft ineptiarum, to be bufied u Ana . tomie of in toyes is to fmall purpofe,yet hear that divine Seneca , better alind agere Anatomic of quam nihil, better do to no end than nothing.I writ therefore,and bufied immortalitie. my felf in this playing labour, otiofaq-, dihgentia at vitarem torporemfe- Amtom(tot riandi with Vettius in Macrobins, acq-, otiuot in utile vercerem negotium. Antimony, tcc. y - Simul (ft jucun da (ft idsnea dicer e vita, Nonfft^a 9 Leclorem delattando fimui atqne monendo. ' mehorquim To this end I write, like them, faith Lucian, that recite to trees, andde- labw - claim to pillars for want of auditors : as T Panins Lgineta ingenioufly v z ^ quod dt ConfdTeth, not that any thing was unknown or omitted, but to exercife my novo quid «d~ felf, which courfc iffometook, I think it would be good for their bo- dies, and much better for their fouls * or perad venture as others do, for miffum/eT' fame, to fhew my felf x Scire taunt nihil eft, nift te feire hoc feiat alter.) i propria exerti. might be of Thucydidis opinion, a to knew a thing and not to expreffe it, is all one as if he knew it not. Whe n I fi rft took this task in hand, (ft quod ait /icquc id quod b iHe, impellentegenio negotiant ■ fufeepi, this I aimed at; c vel ut lemrem animumferibendo, toeafe my minde by writing, for I had gravidum cor, u pfefdm. feetum caput, a kind of itnpoftume in my head,which I was very defirous to be unladen of, and could imagin no fitter evacuation then this.Befidcs etrafmm. I might not well refrain, for ubi dolor. Hi digitus, one muft needs fcratch where it itches.I was not a little offended with this maladie, (hall I fay my Miftris melancholy , my tsfgeria. or my malusgenius, & for that caufe a otiumotk as he that isftungwith a fcorpion,I would expel clavum clavofc omfort doiomn doiore one farrow with another, idlencs with idlenes, ut ex viper a Then ac urn, b um b ulatHS - s make an Antidote out of that which was the prime caufe of my difeafe. Or r or as he did,of whom f r dix Flater fpeaks,chat drought he had fome of AriMiants frogs in his belly. Hill crying Brea dex,Mx aax/mji^eji, and for that caufe ftudied phyfick feven years, and travelled over molt part of Europe to eajfe himfelf: To do my felf good I turned over fuch phyficians as onr libraries would afford, or my sprivate friends impart, oxon. an ^ have taken this pains. And why not < Car a an profdKth he writ his ^ r° p h pl book Dc confolationc after his Tons death,to comfort himfclffo W S? 5 3 write ofthe fame fubjedt with like intent after his daughters departure, h )Ul au - ^i t he his at leaft, or fome impoftors put out in his name^which Lipjiu* $$SS probably fufpeas. Concerning my felf, I can peradvemure affirm with fcerum vich Marius in Salujl , h that which others hear or reade of , l fell, and prachjcd (gnmct y dllil ~ J - ' 1 It-/-, j- ~ - 7 .^e/» o I A4S> r Ltnhy i-si sr V*_ gc)Ji } qul kdi&Slfi her portion to build an Ho fid for Lepers,, I will fpend my time and kr r .fnrrl^rnmmnnPAfd nf,l >W all w((w( .. ^ j _ know- cfqhantdfi If uge, which are my greateft fortunes, for the common good of all. corf pi.yk- Yea but you will infer that this is x a5tum agere , an unnexefiary, work, temmeor,-' .cramienbis coctam apponere, the fame again and again in other words. jiinxit. what purpofe i '"Nothing is omitted that may well be [aid , fo thought Hornr,^ Lucian in the like theam. How many excellent Phyfitians have written m Nibiipr juft Volumes and elaborate trafts of this fubje&' no news here, that umiJfM.quod j have is ftoln from others," Dicitf, mihi mcapagina fur es. If that ST ' lU fevere doom of ° Synefws be true. It is a greater offence to jleal dead mens n 'Mnrtiaiis. labours, than their clothes , what (hall become of moll Writers i I hold HfSStSlm up my hand at the bar amongft others, and am guilty of felonie in this trunk Humes, \\adc,babes conftentem ream, I am content to be prelied with the reft. qjtbmejies ■ _ iwCAn/ihila multos hribendi cacocthcs. and p there is fuW’ ! - p Eccl.itU Tis moft true, tenet infanabile multos feribendi cacoethcs, and p there is. _ no er ,d of writing of bookies the Wife-man found of old, in this aferib- tfUSfosEisri^ zo J c efpccially wherein r the number of books is without number, fas S f ' a worthy man faith) preffes be opprejjed, and out of an itching humor,that rD.Kins^ ith h Didacus Stella , A dwarf funding on the fhoulders of a Giant may &%aniu»fihff ee farther then a Giant himfielf • I may likely add, alter, and fee farther mens impofiti then my predeceflbrs * And it is no greater prejudice forme to endite piufqitam tp.fi a f tcr others, then for *s£liams Montaltus that famous Phyfitian, to write dent' l! S 1 de morbis capitis after jfafon Pratenfis, Hettmius, Hildefheim^&c. Many horfestoruninarace, one Logician, one Rhetorician, after another. Qppofe then what thou wilt, Allatres licet ufq * nos & ufque, Et gannitibus tmprobis lace fas. I folvc Dhmocrituis to the Reader. 9 I folve it thus. And for thofe other faults of barbarifm a Dorick dialed:, extemporanean ftile, tautologies, apifli imitation,! rapfodie of rags ga- thered together from feveral dung-hils, excrements of authors, "toves 'famtivqfik and fopperies confufedly tumbled out, without art, invention, judg ment, wit, learning, harfh,raw, rude, phantaftical, abfurd, infolent, m- "jtTidelZuof difereet, ill-compofed,indigcfted, vain, fcurrile,idle,dull and dry-I con- c i uin cx a ^ cnis fc/Fe all (,is partly affeded) thou canft not think worfe of me then I do ‘‘a ’^iksa'd of my felf.’Tis not worth the reading,I yield it,I defire thee not to lofe wfJdldo;' time in pending fo vain a fubjed, I fhould be peradventure loth my felf to reade him or thee fo writing, tis not opera pretium. All I fay, is this, that I have l> prefidents for it, which lfocrates cals perfuginm ns qui fee- b vnoabfu do cam, others as abfurd, vain, idle, illiterate, &c. Nonnulh alii idem fece- d.-no mUhp e . runt, others have done as much, it may be more, and perhaps thou thy felf, Novimns dr qui te, m ocritus his fortune, Idem admirationi dr * irrifloni ha¬ bitus. Twas Seneca's fate, that fuperintendent of wit , learning, judge- D em. ocr itus to the Reader. ii judgement, 1 ad fluporem doclus, the beft of Greek and Latine writers, in Plutarch’s opinion 5 That renowned corrector of vice, as u Fabins terms 'Jc.^dTscneca. him, and painful omnifciotis philefopher, that writ fo excellently and admira * u Lib. 10. ?/«. bly well, could not pleafe all parties, orefcapc cenfure : How is he vi- lifted by * Caligula,^Jgellius, Fabius , and Lipftus himfeif, his chief pro- Zgnhioncm*,'” pugner < In eopleraquepcrnitiofa, faith the fame F abuts, many childifh omnm trads and fentences he hath, fermo illaboratus, too negligent often, and '&i2uitaiii' remiffe, as Agdlius obferves, or at 10 vulgaris & protrita, dicaces dr inept* eo probanda, fententia, eruditio plebeia, an homely fhallow writer as he is. In parti bus m ‘ff aclm - ffinas erfajhdia habet, faith * Lipftus, and as in all his other works, fo e- x suet. Arena fpecially in lus cpiftles, aha in argut its & inept iis occnpantur, intricatus fa c f !c f alicubi, & parum compofitus, fine copia rertan hoc fecit, he jumbles up ma -sen. “ C ’ ny things together immethodically, after the Stoicks fafhion, par urn or - yjudh.de sen. dinavjt, mult a accumulavit, &c. If Seneca be thus lafhed, and many fa- ^iZatyoiutus, mous men that I could name, what (hall I exped ? How (hall I that am «t alien per vix umbra tant> philofophi , hope to pleafe i No man fo abfolnte, r Erafmus omniafausf*- holds, to fat is fie ad, except antiquity, prefeription, &c. fet a bar. But Ampins prd- as I have proved in seneca, this will not alwayes take place, how (hall I fenptio/emoid evaded Tis the common doom of all writers, I muftj fay)abfde it, I ZieZlighM feek not applaufe • 1 Non egoventofa venor fufragia plebis b again, nonfum quadmaru- adeoinformis, I would not be a vilified. mos occupayit. • - b laud at us abunde, * Non faftiditus fi tibi lector ero. a vtque turpe I fear good mens cenlurcs, and to their favorable acceptance I fubmit ^mfeaZteZ my labors, - c & Unguas CMancipiorum mtupemi. Contemno, - agTiTi As the barking of a dog, I fecurely contemn thofe malicious and feur- dp. ‘ 1? ‘ rile obloquies, flouts, calumnies of railers and detradors, I fcorn the k ovid.t/4. x. reft. What therefore I have faid, pro tenuitate med I have faid. Zjuven sat.s. One or two things yet I was defirous to have amended if I could,con- cerning the manner of handling this my fubjcd,for which I muft apolo¬ gize, deprecan,and upon better advice give the friendly reader notice: It was not mine intent to proftitute my mufe in Englifh, or to divulge fecre- tA Minerva , but to have expofed this more contract in Latine, if I could have got it printed. Any feurrile pamphlet is welcome to our mercenarie Stationers in Englifh, they print all,- cuduntque libellos In quorum foil is vix fimia nuda cacaret • But in Latine they will not deal =, which is one of the reafons d Nicholas fJZZfJihi Car in his oration of the paucity of Englifh writers, gives, that fo man y mgisqZm* flourifhing wits are fmothered in oblivion,ly dead and buried in this our l jf*jf is Went. nation. Another main fault is, that I have not revifedrhe copy, and a- &uZdzxtHf. mended the ftile, which now flows remifly, as it was firft conceived,but *976 .' my leafure would not permit. Feci nec quod petm, necquod volui , I con* fefle it is neither as I would, or as it fliould be. e Cum relego feripfiffe pudet, quia plurima cerno e Ovid.depom. Me quoque qua fuerant judice digna lint. £ ^' *’ When I perufe this trad which I have writ, I am abafh'd, and much I hold unfit. B 2 v t 12 Democritus to the Reader. ftiir. Et quodgravifsimum, in the matter it felf, many things I difallow at this prefcnt,which when I writ, { Non eadem eft at as,non mens • I would wil¬ lingly retrad much, &c. but tis too late, I can only crave pardon now for what is amilTe. I might indeed (had I wifely done)obferved that precept of the poet, - nonumquc prematur in annum. And have taken more care .• Or as Alexander the phyfician would have done by Lapis Lazuli, fifty times wafhed before it be ufed,I fliould have g Tom. j.Pbi- revifed, correded and amended this trad; but I had not as (1 faid) that lop'cud.acccpto happy leafure, no Amanuenfes or alfiftants. Pancrates in % Lucian, wanting barmen quod- a fervant as he went from Memphis to Coptus in Egypt, took a door damdixijfet, bar, and after fome fuperftitious words pronounced (Eucrates the rela- ‘idlmaZam tor was then prefent)made it ftand up like a fcrving-man,fetch him wa- imwiretTw- ter, turn the fpit, ferve in fupper, and what work he would befides; and n.m pamet, w hen he had done that fervice he delired,turn’d his man to a flick again. tzufebiui ec~ I have no fuch skil to make new men at mv pleafure, or means to hire def. Hiftdib. 6 . them, no whiftle to call like the mafter of a fliip, and bid them run, &c. !!,m ashemUe I h ave n0 fuch authority, no fuch benefadors, as that noble* A mbr oft us was to Origen , allowing him fix or feven Amanuenfes to write out his didats,I muft for that caufc do my bufinefic my felf. And was therefore enforced, as a Bear doth her whelps, to bring forth this confufed lump, I had not time to lick it inco form, as file doth her yong ones, but even fo to publifii it, as it was firft written, quicquid in huccam ve- nit, in an extemporean ftile, as h I do commonly all other exercifes, ef- fudi quicquid dittavitgenius meus, out of a confufed company of notes, Imcffwi%a and writ with as frnall deliberation as I do ordinarily fpcak,without all ueoiigit, &qui affedation of big words, fuftian phrafes, jingling terms, tropes, ftrong caM p-tem j j ncs that like * Acefta s arrows caught fire as they flew,' (trains of wit, difapiwmba- brave heats, elogies, hyperbolical exornations, elegancies, &c. which bet recogmtam. man y f 0 much affed. I am * aqua pot or, drink no wine at all, which fo nQijuff^qae much improves our modern wits,a loofe, plain, rude writer, ficum voco orationemvi-r ft cum, & ligonem ligoncm, and as free, as loofe, idem calamo quod in mente , foiiuitam fafo k I call a fpade a fpade, animis hacftertho , non aurihus , I refped matter, ammminpu- not words •, remembring that of Cardan, verba propter res , non res pUis occupatu, p ro pter verba : and feeking with Seneca , quid feribam , non quemadmodum, /ofidumlpift. rather what,then how to write.For as Philo thinks, 1 He that is cenver- hb.i.n. f a nt about matter, neglects xvords,and thofe that excell in this art of /peaking, &5K3S. hanje710 H ou f learmn {\ . „ , ... Neghgcbat ora- n Verba nitent phalens, at null as verba medullas tariam faculta- l ntus } Ja bent - afthTJ-wr/e- Befides,it was the obfervation of that wife Seneca," when you fee a fellow j»s piofejfom, careful 1 about his words, and neat in his (peech, know this for a certaintie, qtiodimguam ^ t mans mind is bufiei about toyes, there's no Coltditic in him. None/lorna- duntaxat,non ... J i J r ■ i r -l ■ \ J autem mentem mentum virile concinmtas-.as he laid ora nightingale, reddrrent eru- - vox es, pratcrea nihil, eftc. I am therefore in this point a profefled difciple of° Apollonius a fcholar of Socrates, I negled phrafes, and labor wholly to inform my readers under Handing, not to pleafe his ear 5 ’cis not my ftudy or intent to com- pofe uno y as he made verfes. ♦ Virg¬ in on eadem a fummo ex - pc ftes 3 mini- moq\ poeta . k Stylus hie null us prater parrhefiam, Democritus td the Reader. 13 pofe neatly,which an Orator requires, but toexprefsmy felf readily & plainly as it happens. So that as a River runs fomecimes precipitate and fvvift, then dull and flow •, now diredt, then^tr ambages-, now deep,then (hallow*, now muddy, then clear*,now broad,then narrowjdoth my ftile flow: now ferious, then light 5 now comical, then fatyrical; now more elaborate, then remifle, as the prefent fubjedt required, or as at that time I wasaffedted.And ifthouvouchfafetoreadethis treatife, it (hall feem no otherwife to thee, then the way to an ordinary Traveller, fometimes fair, fometimes fouljhere champion, there incloled; barren in one place, better foyl in another: by woods, groves, hils, dales, plains,&c. I fliall lead thee per ardua montutm, dr lubrica v allium, rofeida cefpitum, & * giebofa camporum , through variety of objedts, that which thou (halt * Mcenim, like and furely diflike. Vmtoto™ * For the matter it felf or method, if it be faulty, confider I pray you i>am°cicm!a~ that of Columella, Nihil perfectum, aut a fingulari conjummatum indujlria , ^ m f am > tmis no man can obferve all,much is defedtive no doubt,may be juftly taxed, altered, and avoided in Galen, Ariftotle, thofe great Matters. Beni vena- & ' tor is ( p one holds ) p lures f eras capere , non emnes 5 He is a good Huntsman P p a . Nannim can catch fome, not all: I have done my endeavor.Befides, I dwell not natJnHor - in this ftudy, Non htc fulcos ducimus, non hocpulvere defudamus , I am but a fmatterer, I confefle, a ftranger, ‘’here and there I pull a flower ; I do eattly grant,if a rigid cen:urcr fliould criticize on this which I have writ, ttonhiccoio- hefhould not finde three foie faults, as Scdiger in T erence, but 300. fo T^eojedlot- manyas he hath done in Cardans fubtleties, as many notable errors as «•>* tnmmm 1 Gul. Laur ember guts, a late profeffor of Roftocke, dife overs in that anato- h / nc ia t l 10 ' * mie of Laurentius, or Barocius the Venetian in Sacro bofetts. And although amhSSf this be a fixth Edition, in which I fliould have been more accuratc,cor - /ambms - redfed all thofe former efcapes, yet it Was magni laboris opus, fo difficult mfu^mJbiUs and tedious,that as Carpenters do finde oup of experience, tis much bet- uf ter build anew fometimes, then repair an old houfe ; I could as foon write as much more, as alter that which is written. If ought therefore ' aV>> C ° be amifle, (as I grant there is) I require a friendly admonition,no bitter invedtive, 1 Sint mnfis focii charites, Furia omnis abejlo , Otherwife as in ordinarie controverfies, fnnem contentions neclamus, fed f Philo dc con. cuibono ? We may contend, and likely mifufe each other, but to what purpofe i We are both fcholars, fay, - c Arcades ambo. Etc ant are pares, cr rejpondere paratil If we do wrangle,what fhal we get by ^Trouble and wrong our fclvs, make fport to others.Ifl be convidt of an error,I wil yield,I wil amend. Si quid bonis monbus, ft quid veritati dijjentaneum , in facris vel humanis literis a me dtclumfit, id nec ditfum efto. In the mean time I require a fa¬ vorable cenfure of all faults omitted, harffi compofitions, pleonafmcs of words, tautological repetitions (though Seneca bear me our, nunquam nimis dicitur , quod nunquam fatis dicitur ) perturbations of tenfes, numbers, printers faults, &c. My tranflations are fometimes rather pa- raphrafes, then interpretations, non ad verbum, but as an author, I ufe more liberty, and that's only taken, which was to my purpofe: QuotatN ons 14 Democritus to the Reader. ons arc often inferred in the Text,which make the ftile more harfli,or in the margent as it hapned. Greek authors, Plato , Plutarch , Athenaus, &c. I have cited out of their interpreters, becaufe the original was not fo readie. I have mingled facra prophanis, but I hope not prophaned,and in repetition of authors names, ranked them per accident, not according to Chronologie •, fometimes Neotericks before Ancients, as my memory fusgefted.Some things are here altered, expunged in this fixth Edition, * Framhfird- others amended,much added,becaqf^ many good * authors in all kinds m,senncvtus 3 are come to my hands fincc, and tis no prejudice, no fuch indecorum , or overfight. , ... . . . .. x Tcr.Adeipb. x jy unquam it a quicquam bene jubdutta ratione ad vitamjuit , (gain res, atas 3 ufus^femper aliquid apportent novi , AIt quid moneant, ut ilia qua feire te credas , nefeias , Et qua ti'oi put dr is prima , in exercendo ut repudias. Ne're was ought yet at firll contriv'd fo fit, But ufe j age, or fomething would alter it * Advife thee better, and, upon perufe. Make thee not fay, and what thou tak’ft, re fufe. But I am now refolved never to put this treatife out again, Ne quidnimis , I wil not hereafter add,alter,or retrad,I have done.The laft and great- eft exception is, that 1 being a divine have medlcd with phyfick, - y tantumne ejl ab re tud otii ubi, y ncaxt.an.i. Aliena ut cures , eaque nihil qua ad te attinent ? Which Menedemus objected to Chremest, have I fo much leafure, or little bufinefle of mine own, as to look after other mens matters which con¬ cern me not i What have I to do with phyfick < quod medicerum eft promittant medici. The* Lacedemonians were once in counfel about \%can nk ftatc-matters,a deboflied fellow fpake excellent wcl,and to the purpofe, his fpcech was generally approved : A grave Senator fteps up, and by all means would have it repealed, though good, becaufe dehoneftabatur pefsrno author e, it had no better an author-, let fome good man relate the fame,and then it ftiould pafs.This counfel was embraced, factum eft, and it was regiftred forthwith, Et fic bona fententia manftt, malus author mutatus c/LThoufaieft as much of mc,ftomachofus as thou art, & gran¬ ted peradventure this which I have written in phyfick, not to be amifs, had another done it,a profefled phyfician,or fo 5 but why ftiould I med¬ dle with this trad'Hear me fpcak:There be many other fubjeds, I do eafily grant, both in humanity and divinity, fit to be treated of, of which had I written^ oftentationem only, to ftiew my felf, 1 ftiould have rather chofen, and in which I have been more converfant,I could have more willingly luxuriated, and better fatisfied my felf and others 5 but that at this time I was fatally driven upon this rock of melancholy, and carried away by this by-ftream, which as a rillet, is deduded from the main chanel of my ftudies, in which I have plcafcd and bufied my felf at idle hours, as a fubjed raoft neceflary and commodious. Not that I prefer it before Divinity, which I do acknowledge to be the Queen of profeflions,and to which all the reft are as handmaids,but that in Divinity I faw no fuch great need. For had I written pofitively, there 15 Democritus to the Reader. there befo many books in that kinde, fo many commentators,treatifes, pamphlets, expofitions, fermons, that whole teemes of oxen cannot draw them 5 and had I been as forward and ambitious as fome others, I mwht have haply printed a fermon at Pauls-Crof y a fermon in St. CMa- ries Oxon> 3 . fexmonix\ Chrifl-Church, or a fermon before the right ho¬ norable,right reverend,a fermon before the right worfhipful, a fermon in latine, in englifh, a fermon with a name, a fermon without, a fermon, a fermon, &c. But I have been ever as deiirons to fupprefle my labours in this kinde, as others have been to prefle and publifti theirs. To have a Et inde cat^ written in controverfie, had been to cut off an Hydra's head/ lis htege- 7 U u f‘f da ff c fp Herat , one begets another/© many duplications,triplications, & fvvarms of queftions/tf /aero bello hoc quod fiili mucrone agitur , that having once dm.Hmfm. begun, I fhould never make an end.One had much better,as b Alexander \^ e J e m ^ 0 the fixth Pope, long fince obferved, provoke a great prince than a beg. principle gerere, ing friar, a Jefuit, or a feminary prieft, I will add, for inexpugnabile ge- cum um nus hoc hommum ,they are an irrefragable focietTy,they muft and wil have mmdicamum the laft word 5 and that with fuch eagernefle,impudence,abominable ly- wdme. ing, falfifying,and bitternefs in their queftions they proceed,that as c he fstidfurorne c&ctis , an rapit vis acnor,an culpa , refionfum date ? Blinds fu- d Epift. 26 . ad ry, or error,or ra{hneflc,or what it is that eggs them, I know not, I am fresb - furc many times,which d Aujlin perceived long fince, tempeftate contents- onis^ferenitas charitatis obnubilatur , with this tempefi of contention, the ferenity of charity is over-clouded, and there be too many fpirits conju-' red up already in this kinde in all fciences,and more than we can tel how inpropriam to lay, which do fofurioufiy rage, and keep fuch a racket, that as *Fa- P^pkicm infa- bius faid, It had been much better for fome of them to have been born dumb , finfaiix » m - and altogether illiterate , then fo far to dote to their own defraction . iaiitas inutili - At meliusfuerat non fcriberc , namque tacere T utum femper erit ,- tionibus -Mam Tisa generall faulc, fo Severinus the Bane complains f in phyfick, happy men as we are, weJpend our dates in unprofitable que (lions and dijpu- tbtfauflTfin tations ,intricate fubtilties, de land caprind , about moonihine in the wa- t i“ tbus gravif- ter, leaving in the mean time thofe chiefefi treafures of nature untouched , ^ffiun^coiio- wherein the bc(l medicines for all manner of difeafes are to be founds and do cau punt, mu - not only nevlctt them cur (elves , but hinder, condemn „ forbid and fcoffe at \ lm mta ^ cs rt - others , that are willing to enquire after them. T heie motives at this pre- ipji/oium >-e- fent have induced me to make choice of this medicinal fubjed. tinquimusfed If any phyfician in the mean time fhall infer, Ne filter ultra crepidam , tem^mpedf. and finde himfelf grieved that I have intruded into his profefsion, I will mus/ondemna. tcll him in brief, I do no: otherwife by them, than they do by us. If it be for their advantage/ know many of their fed which have taken or- g j&Od'in ders, in hope of a benefice, tis a common tranfition, and why may not pmcimimme a melancholy divine, that can get nothing but by fimonie, profeffe phv- % U mcd!cimm Cick'Drufianus an Italian ( Crufiamsfbxx. corruptly, Trithemius cals him ) rchquit,&or- zbccaufe he was not fortunate in his brattice , forfook his profefion, and writ dmib .' ls afterwards in Divinity . Marcilius Ficinus was femel & fimul, a prieit and giapoilmdum a phyfician at once, and h T. Linacer in his old age took orders. The fe- hypf Ge/mr fats profeffe both at this time,divers of them permifju fuperi'orum, Chi- hpj^jw. rurgions. Democritus to the Reader. 1 6 rurgions, panders, bawds, and midwives, &c. Many poor countrey- vicars for want of other means,are driven to their Ihifts-,to turn mounte¬ banks, quackfalvers, empiricks, and if our greedy patrons hold us to fuch hard conditions, as commonly they do, they will make moft of us work at fome trade, as Paul did, at laft turn taskers, malfters, cofter- mongers,graficrs,feI ale as fome have done,or worfe. Howfoeverin un¬ dertaking this task, I hope I fliall commit no great error or indecorum , if all be confidered aright,I can vindicate my felf with Georgius Br annus, and Hieronymus Hemingius ,thofe two learned Divines* who (to borrow iM. w. Burton a bne or to c f mine ‘ elder brother) drawn by a natural love, the one of lefcdpdon'of pictures and maps , profrectivcs and corographical delights, writ that Leicejter(hirc, ample theatre of cities $ the other to the Jludie ofgenealogies, penned thca- primedat un- trum genealogicum. Or elfe I can excufc mv fiudies with k Lefsius the glrdloig fefuit in like cafe,It is a difeafe of the foul, on which I am to treat,and White 6 2i. qs much appertaining to a Divine as to a phyfician* and who knows not ^on[ncquec-' what an agreement there is betwixt thefe two profelfions < A good Di- nirn hJc'tru- vine either is or ought to bea good phyfician, a fpiritual phyfician at viaer?debet'i as our Saviour cals himfelf, and was indeed, Mat., 4.23. Luke 5.18. "tbeologo, iipc. 1 Luke 7 . 8 . They differ but in objed,the one ofthe body,the other of the rtgitiir de mor- foul, and ufe divers medicines to cure: one amends animam per corpus, 1 °ixclay 'ton in the other corpus per animam, as 1 our Regius Profeffor of phyfick well in- comiths 3 anno formed us in a learned le&ure of his not long fince. One helps the vices l6zI ’ and paflions of the foul,anger,luft, defperation, pride, prefumption,&c. by applying that fpiritual phyfick •, as the other ufe proper remedies in bodily difeafes. Now this being a common infirmity of body and foul, and fuch a one that hath as much need of fpiritual as a corporal cure, I could not finde a fitter task to bufie my ftlf about, a more appo- fite theam, fo neccflary, fo commodious, and generally concerning all forts of men, that fliould fo equally participate of both, and require a whole phyfician. A divine in this compound mixt maladie, can do little alone, a phyfician in fome kinds of melancholy much leffe, both make m Ho,-. an a bfolutc cure. m Alter ins fic altera pofeit opem. And tis proper to them both, and I hope not unbefeeming me, who am by my profelfion a Divine, and by mine inclination a phyfician. I had n U b depcffn ftipiter in my fixt houfc* I fay with n Beroaldns ,Nonfum medicus , neeme- dicinaprorfus expers, in the theorick of phyfick I have taken fome pains, not with an intent to pra&ife, but to fatisfie my felf, which was a caufc like wife of the firft undertaking of this fubjett. inw.uin’^ ^ thefe reafons do not fatisfie thee good Reader, as Alexander Mu- kmjj}irc g c/,m nifeus that bountiful prelate, fometimes bifhop of Lincoln, when he had duo edificrfl t built fix caftles,a^ invidiam operis eluendam, faith 0 Mr. Camden , to take “ndmtru 'eti awa y c ^ e envy of his work(which very words Nubr/genfts hath of Roger oms invidum 3 the rich bifliop of Salisbury , who in King Stephens time, built Shirburn ZiAu'a-Tdtw cattle, and that of Dc'uifes) to divert the fcandal or imputation, which mflituit \oeno- might be thence inferred, built fo many religious houfes: If this my dif- bia.&coU gn C ourfcbe over medicinal, or favor too much of humanitie, I promife >m ~ thee,that I wil hereafter make thee amends in fome treatife of divinity. But this I hope fhal fuffice, when you have more fully confidered of the matter D emoc&xius to the Reader. 17 matter of this my fubjed, rem fubftratam, melancholy , madnefs,and of the reafons following, which were my chief motives: the generality of the dileafe, the neceflity of the cure, and the commodity or common aood that will arife to all men by the knowledg of it,as fhal at large ap¬ pear in the enfuing preface. And I doubt not but that in the end you will fay with me, that to anatomize this humor aright,through all the mem¬ bers of this our Microcofmus, is as great a task,as to reconcile thofe Chro¬ nological! errors in the Afsyrian monarchic,finde out th c quadrature of a circle,the creeks and founds of the north-caft,or north-weft pafsages,& all out as good a difeovery as that hungry p Spaniards of Terra Aufiralis L Incognita ,as great trouble as to perfed the motion of Mars and Mercury, i< 5 n. Am(ier- whichfocrucifies our Aftronomers,orto redificthe GregorianYLtitn&cc. I am fo affeded for my part,and hope as ^Theophrajlus did by his chara- charges ders ,^That our pofterity, O friend Policies,/;*// he the better for this which p pe f, c f m f° tve have written foy correcting andretlifyingwhat is amif in themfelves by our examples and applying our precepts'and cautions to their own ufe. And as inde futures, that great captain Ztfca would have a drum made of his skin when he ZmKfZt was dead,becaufe he thought the very noife of it would put his enemies data rcliqued - to flight, I doubt not but that thefe following lines, when they {hall be P fCCe T recited,or hereafter read,wil drive away melancholy(though I begone) Zj^JadZ- as much as Zifcaes drum could terrifie his foes. Yet one caution let me tmmomm. give by the way to my prefent, or future Reader,who is adually melan- c holy,that he readc not the 1 fymptomes or prognofticks in this follow- vpan i.f e a.j ing trad, left by applying that which he reads to himfelf, aggravating, appropriating things generally fpoken, to his own perfon (as melancho¬ ly men for the molt part do) he trouble or hurt himfelf, and get in con- clufion more harm then good. I advife them therefore warily to perufe that trad, Lap ides loquitur (fo faid c Agrippa de occ. Phil.) & caveant lecio- res ne cerebrum tis excutiat.Thc. reft I doubt not they may fecurely reade, and to their benefit. But I am over-tedious, I proceed. Of the neceflity and generality of this which I have faid, if any man doubt,I fhall defire him to make a brief furvey of the world, as 1 Cyprian advifeth Donat, fuppofwg himfelf to be tranfported to the top of feme high pautifpfte mountain , and thence to behold the tumults and chances of this wavering world,he cannot chafe but either laugh at,or pity it.S.Hierom out of a ftrong Zrtkm Ztjh. imagination, being in the wildernefs, conceived with himfelf, that he remjpecuiare then faw them dancing in Rome • and if thou {halt cither conceive, or ^uZfJZ, clime to fee, thou (halt foon perceive that all the world is mad, that it is & oculis in di- melancholy, dotes: that it is (which Epichthonitts Cofmopolites exprefied not many years fince in a map)made like a fools head(with that Motto, Zmdi turbines Caput heUeboro digmm) a crated head, cavca fultorum , a fools paradile, intuerejmfi. or as Apollonius fa common prifon of guls, cheaters, flatterers, &c. ZZZdfZtbt* and needs to be reformed. Strabo in the ninth book of his geographic, ;is,&c. compares Greece to the pidure of a man, which comparifon of his,flVV. Gerbehus in his expofition of Sophianus map, approves 5 The breaft lies open from thofe Acroceraunian hils in Epirus , to the Sttnian promontory in Attica 5 Pag a and M agar a are the two flioulders^that iflmos of Corinth the neck 5 and Peloponntfuc the head.If this allufion hold, tis fure a mad head *,Morea may be Moria-, and to fpeak what I think, the inhabitants of C moderne Democritus to the Reader. 18 _ modcrne Greece,fwerve as much from rcafon,& true religion at this day, as that CMorea doth from the pi&ure of a man. Examine the reft in like fort, and you (hall finde that kingdoms and Provinces are melancholy, cities and families, all creatures,vcgetal, fcnfible, and rational, that all forts, fe&s, ages, conditions, are out of tune, as in Cebes table, ,omneser- rorcm bibunt, before they come into the world, they are intoxicated by errors cup,from the higheft to the loweft, have need of Phyfick, and u cnntrovi. 1. t [ 10 f e particular actions in" Seneca ,where father&fon prove one another concj.&i. 6 . ma< j^ ay be g encra i. Porcius Latro (hall plead againft us all. For indeed x HovatiM. who’is not a fool, melancholy, mad ' — x $ui ml molitur mepte , who is y idem Hoy.I z. not brain-fick i Folly,melancholy,madnes,are but one difeafe,r>e//W«w vZafiipus is a common name to all. Alexander,Gordomus, fafon Pratenfis , Savana- stoicus probat yola, Guianerius, Montaltus , confound them as differing fecundum rnagis 2 ^ n tbat tbere j s m uch more need of Hellcbor then of Tobacco. ESS That men arc fo mifaffe&ed,melancholy,mad,giddy-headed,hear the tatiscaufa. teftimony of Solomon, Eccl. 2. 12 . And 1 turned to behold wifdom, mad- nefs andfolly, &c. And ver.z^.Allhis dayes are formv,his travel grief,and his heart taketh no ref in the night. So that take melancholy in what fenfe you will, properly or improperly, in difpofition or habit, for pleafurc or for pain, dotage, difeontent, fear,forrow,madnefs,for part, or all,truly, or metaphorically, tis all one.Laughter it felf is madnefs according to Solomon, and as S .Paul hath it, worldly forrow brings death.The hearts of the fons of men are evil, and madnef is in their hearts while they live, Eccl. $.■$. Wife men themfelvcs are no better,Ecc. 1 . 18 .In the multitude ofwijdom is much grief, and he that increafeth wifdom increafeth forrow. Cap. 2. 17. He c Ecclcf. 1.24. i iat ed life it felf,nothing pleafed him-,he hated his labor, all, as c he con¬ cludes, is forrow, grief, vanity , vexation of (pint. And though he were the wifeft man in the world, fanttuarium fapientia, and had wifdom in abun¬ dance,he wil not vindicate himfelf,or juftifie his own a&ions. Surety 1 am morefoolifh then any man,and have not the underjlanding of a man in me,Pro. 20.2. Be they Solomons words, or the words of Agur the fon of fakeh, they D emocritus to the Reader. 1 9 they arc canonicall. David a man alter Gods own heart, confefleth as much of himfelf ,Pfal. 3 7.21, 22. So foolifh was 1 and ignorant, 1 was even as a beafl before thee. And condemns all for fool s,Pf.gy. Sc 32.9.Scq9 20. He compares them to beajls, horfes, and mules, in which there is no under- Jlanding.Thc Apoftle Paul accufeth himfelf in like fort, 2 Cor. 11. 21. 1 would you wouldfuffer a little my foolijhnefi, 1 (peak foolifhly. The whole head is ftek faith Efay, and the heart is heavy,Cap. 1.5. And makes lighter of them then of Oxen and Affes, 7 he Ox knows his owner, &c. reade Deut. 32.6. f-er.t^.Amos 3.1 .Ephef.^ .6.Benot mad, be not deceived, fool.Jh Gala¬ tians, who hath bewitched yon ? How often are they branded with this E- pithet of raadnefle and folly? No word fo frequent amongft the fathers of the Church and Divines you may fee what an opinion they had of the world,and how they valued mens actions. I know that we think far otherwife, and hold them moft part wife men that are in authority, princes, magiftrates, d rich men, they are wife tamjapTef*- men born, all Politicians and Stafe-mcn muft needs be fo, for who date bemur.Eu- fpeak againft them ? And on the other, fo corrupt is our judgment, we Saty/ ' efteem wife and honeft men fools. Which Democritus wel ft unified in v.Jm, VJLia an Epiflle of his to Hyppocrates : c The Abderites account vertuc madnejje, & furor ep and fo do moft men living.Shall I tell you the rcafon of it? f Fortune and Tclu.ignmus Vertuc, Wifdom and Folly , their feconds, upon a time contended in the dpoLomncs Olympicks •, Every man thought that fortune and folly would have the worft, and pitied their cafes.But it fell out otherwife. Fortune was blind and cared not where fine ftroke,nor whom, without laws, Audabatarum s *d tr*ter ex- inf ar,&c. Folly rafli and inconfiderate, efteemed as little what ftie fjid I^TaucUx or did. ferine and Wifdom gave s place, were hifled ouc, and exploded M' tia in cam by/the common peopl efolly and fortune admired, and fo are all their fol- tU f lowers ever fmee: knaves and fools commonly fare and deferve beft in ’pUmslmZ- vvorldlings eyes Sc opinions.Many good men have no better fate in their bet fc£iatom ages-.Acbifh, 1 Sam. 21.14. held David foramad-man . h Eltjha & the reft g ^‘oneflre- were no otherwife eftcemed.Drfv/W was derided of the common people, frondendum y.l am become a mon/ler to many. And generally we are accounted J hatofeem- fools for Chrift, 1 Cor. 14. We fools thought his life madneffe, and his end without honour, Wifd.5.4. Chrift and his Apoftles were cenfured in like 1 L1b.iQ.ep.97 % fort, fohn 10. CM ark 3. Atis 2 6. And fo were allchriftians in * Pliny's k ^W* I 7 8 * time, fucrunt & aliifmilis dementi a, &c. And called not long after, k Ve- fania fetiatores, everforcs hominum, polluti novateres fanatic i, canes, male- fei, venefei, Galilai homunciones,&c. Tis an ordinary thing with us, to account honeft, devout, orthodox, divine, religious, plain-dealing- men, idiots, afles, that cannot, or will not ly and diflemblc,(hift, flatter, accommodatefe ad eum locum ubi natifunt , make good bargains, fup- plant, thrive, patronis infervire -,folennes afcendendi modos apprehendere, leges, mores, confuetudines retie obfervarc, candide laudare,fortiter defen¬ der e, fententias amplecii, dubitare de nullis, credere omnia, accipere om¬ nia, nihil reprehendere, cateraque qua promotionem ferunt & fecuritatem, qua fine ambage foslicem reddunt hominem , & vere fapientem apud nos 5 That cannot temporize as other men do, 1 hand and take bribes,&c. but fear God, and make a confcicncc of their doings. But the holy Gho ft that knowes better howto judge,he cals them fools. The fool hath faid C 2 in 20 Democritus to the Reader. * Lib. tonis Convivio * Lucretius. p Amxngorqs olim mens di- fins ah anti qua <\ Regtila natu¬ rae natiira mu Zird in [a- m his heart ,Pfal. 53 .i. And their wayes utter their folly, Pfal. 49- M- m F °f Zfgm pro ivhat can be more mad, than for a Utle worldly pleafure to procare unto them- moment anca rt ^ cttTUA H pumllmcnt ? As Gregorte and others inculcate unto us. ZnZZnZZ ^ Yea even all thofe great Philofophers, the world hath ever had in ad- refmban? miration w hofc works we do fo much efteem, that gave precepts ot n d &% wifdom to others, inventers of Arts and Sciences, Socrates the wifeft fiU amia no- man of his time by the Oracle of A polio,whom his two Scholars Put SC3T’ and °x,mphm fo much extol and magnific with thofe honourable ti- judicio omniu ties ,beft and wife (l of ad mortal men, the hap pie ft, and moft juft ^nd as*v 4 /- quos experti QibipL&ts incomparably commends him*, Achilles was a worthy man, but f &awlmfa- Braodcs and others were as worthy as himfelf 5 A»«wr and Neftor were ficniifjimi , & as good as Pericles, and fo of the reft, but none prefent, before, or after 1 f£v.iA. d e Socrates, nemo veter um neque eorum qui nunc funt, were ever fuch, will duel is Socratis match, or come neer him.Thofe feven wife men of Greece, thofe Britain ad fmm, tdu ^ Indian Brachmanni,Ethiopian Gymnofophifts, tjMagi of the Per- h.,ns.Awlhnm ,, of whom [4fiium feribes him,a* Sodomite, an Athiefi, (fo convid by Anytns) iraoundns& cwftfieZ*. thrifts,die ax,&c . a pot-companion,by * Plato s own confelfion, a fturdy m fyrnnafmm drinker • and that of all others he was moft fottifh, a very mad-man in ob,bat » &( - his addons and opinions. Pythagoras was part philofopher,part magician, or pm witch. H you defire to hear more of Apollonius a great wife man* fometime parallel’d by Julian theapoftate to Chrift,I refer you to that learned trad of Eujekns againft Hyerodes, and for them *1 to Lucians Pif cat or ,1 car owe nippies , Nccyomantia.-thcir adlions.opinions in general were fo prodigious, abfurd,ridiculous,which they broached and maintained, their books and elaborate Treatifes were full of dotage, which Tully ad Atticum , long fince obferved, delirant fkrttmif- fir ip tores in Ubrts fuis their lives being oppofite to their words, they commended poverty to others^nd were moft covetous.thcmfelvcs, extolled love and peace,and yet perfccuted one another with virulent hate and malice. They could 5lneu , • give precepts *or verfe and profe, but not a man of them fas Seneca t e Is tundametin , themhomc'i could moderate hisaffedions.Their mufick did fhew us fie-^ cdnontmm kies modos ,&c. howto rife and fall, but they could not fo contain them- mmm ' felves as in adverfity not to make a lamentable tone. They will meafure gro und by Geomctrie, fet down limits, divide and'fubdivid'e, but cat*- not yet preferibe quantum homintfatis, or keep within compafle of rea- fon and difcrecion.They can fquare circles, but underftand not the ftatc of their own fouls,defcribc right lines, and crooked, &c. but know not what is light in this ti k, quid in vita reclum fit,igmrantfia that as he faid, Nefcio an Tm ‘ 2 . bigger then the reft, fome like filching Wafps , others as drones. Over their heads were hovering a confufed companie of perturbations, hope, fear, anger, avarice, ignorance, &c. and a multitude of difeafes hanging vvhich they ftill pulled on their pates. Some were Brawling 3 fome fighting, riding, running, follicite ambientes, callide litigantes, for toyes, and trifles,and fuch momentanie things. There Towns and Provinces meer fadions, rich againft poor, poor againft rich, nobles againft artifi¬ cers, they againft nobles, and fo the reft. In conclufion, he condemned them all for mad-men, fools, idiots, affes, Oftnlti, quanam haceft amen¬ tia ? O fools, O mad-men he exclaims, infanaftudia , infant Ubores, 1 , c fo “°™g W" 1 ; whom hf (as before) in his garden in tneiubuibs all alone, fitting upon aftone under a plane tree, without hofe ?«• lap idem, or floes, with a book on his knees, cutting up fever all beads, and bade at his valde ff ldum pl). The multitude Hood gazing round about to fee the congrcfle. Sfe Hyppocrates after a little paufe, faluted him by his name, whom he re- tUnumfuper faluted, afhamed almoft that he could not call him likewife by his, or habm - that X pc furore, mama inclan- cbuliafcnbc , ntfeiam quo fatto in homi- wbus gi&natitr, fiat>crc{cat 3 cu- rnulctir, jninit- dtur > h*c in¬ quit animals qua vidcs f ro - . f tire a feco^m Dei opera fero- fus 3 fid ft Ills biUjfy mturam d/J Athens. y Aufl.l, i- in Gui. Jumenti & feivl tni cb- fequium rigide poftuLts, & tu milium praftas ah is 3 nee ip ft Veo.* z vxorcs du- cunt,mox for as ejiciunt. aP ucros affiant^ moxfajlidiunt. be Quid hoc ab inf mi a dee [l ? : Reges eh gunt > dipo/iunt d Contra pa- rentesJr atres, elves per pet no rixahtur,& iriimcitias a- gunt. e Idola inani- mata ainant, animat a odio babcntjtc pen- tificii. * Credo equi- dim vivos du- cent c mat more v ult us. iSua [iulti ti- am pcrfpicit nemo 9 fed alter alter urn deri¬ de!. tint he had forgot it .Hippocrates demanded of him what he was doing- He told him that he was *bufte in cutting up fever at be *fi***?$* , cjttfe ef madnefi and melancholy. Hipocrates commended his work, ad¬ miring his happindte and leafure.And why, quoth Democritus, have not you that leafure ( Becaufe, replied Hyppocrates } domcihcA ^hinder neceffary to be done, for our Gives, neighbors, fr^nds^xpenfes, difea fes frailties and mortalities which happen-,wife, children, fervan s, fuch bufineffes which deprive us of our time. At this fpeech Democnm profufely laughed, (his friends and the people (landing by, weeping in the mean timS, and lamenting his madnefs .)Hyppocutes asked the reafon whv he laughed. He told him,at the vanities and fopperies of the time, to fee men fo empty of all vertuous actions, to hunt fo far after gold, having no end of ambition -, to take fuch infinite pains for a little g ory, and to be favored of men, to make fuch deep mines into the earth tor eold and many times to finde nothing, with Ioffe of their lives and for¬ tunes Some to love dogs, others horfcs,fome to defire to be obeyed in many Provinces/ and yet themfelvcs will know no obedience. Some to lovc^heir wives dearly at firfl, and after a while to forfake & hate them, begetting children, with much care and coft for their education, yet when they grow to mans eft ate/ to def P ife,neglc sen ratio would be old, and old, yong. h Princes commend a private life, pri- ^'ZeAVuZ vate men itch after honour: a Magiftratc commends a quiet life, a quiet rntZLyvt man would be in his office, and obeyed as he i$ .• and what is the caufe vat Hot. D of Democritus ffl ^ Reader . ' rVill this but that they know not themfelves.Some delight to dcftioy, , . .o„ c to buftd, another to fpoil one countrey to cnrich.another and bm- rS>S all theft things they are like children, ■" whom^no judgment orco»nccl,aiid rcfcmblc tu^c* 1 LfonhidegoM m "S.«. * e l Sor a Bui contend for a better pafturet when a Boar is thtafty, quem fuccefTor 1 p w ha£ will ferve him,and no more-,and when his belly is ful,he Zdts C af h «o e“ But men are immoderate in both , as m luft, they covet L. . "JXonulation at fet times, men always,ruinating thereby the health oftheirbodies. And doth it not deferve lat|ghter^o fe an amorous fool Sift r ‘ remedy for th!s in phyfick t I do anatomize and cut up thefe poor qmqmdfefe , y ft m to y f ee thefe diftempers, vanities, and follies, yet hich pioot ‘f* were better made on mans body, if py kinde nature would rndure rt: f idem p lift- n W ho from the hour of his birth is moll mifcrable, weak and fickly , rn vunfanue . cu jd e d by others,when he is grown great pradtileth SSffiyS fs ftnrdyjand when old,a childe again,and repenteth do&feco,cum . ^fhic lifc'-Daft And here being interrupted by one that brought booksf, he fdl^to it again, that alf were -ad carde^Oupid To ve^dum p rove niy former fpeeches, look into courts, or ^ private hou es. fudges give judgement accordmg to r ' h '“ h ™" NmStet fen? vitate h' eftwron a to poor innocents,to pleafe others. Notaries alter len A . , ^ers and for money lofe their Deeds. Some make falfe moneys, o- °U" f "' rhevs counterfeit felfe weights. Some abufe their parents yeacom.pt quum dccrcfat t h c } r own lifters, others make long libels and pafquils, detaining men dfgood life, and extol Inch as are iLd andvicous. vomum.Qui anot h cr . sMagiftrates make laws againft theeves, and a.e the veneit fidetermm themfelves. Some kill themfelves, others defpair, not obtain- C Mm ’ tag their defires. Some dance, fing, laugh feaft and banquet,wh.lcft o- q t «pefims t h ? crs floh, languilh, mourn and lament, having neither meat, drink, rrS no/dofhes. 'Some prank up their bod.es, and have their rnrndcs told Ai^-nd- ^ Q f execrable vices. Some trot about to bear falfe witnelfe, and tf in octiiii. l ul , • r nev . q n d though Tudees know of it,yet for a bribe ?^»-A y eywinkat S it, and (Jkr falfe Conuafts to prevail againft Equity. m operator, ' are a \[ day a dre(fing,to pleafurc other men abroad, and go like iluts at home, noe caring topleafe their own husbands whom.hey nacu.ra,magna n ^ s ce ing men are fo fickle, fo fottifh, fo intemperate, why mould AmrMmcL- not I laugh at thofe,to whom c folly feems wifdom, will not be cured, f Homhd .1 res an d perceive it not i , _ , efofx/f It o r ew late, Hyppecrates left him, and no fooner was he come away, but ail the Citizens came about flocking, to know how he rked hrm. runtur: & u e to y t h em | n brief,that notwithftanding thofe fmall negleds of his qtt.vr.vis foicn. . , , diet, u the world had not a wifer, a more learned, a more TJSZ honeft man^ and they were much deceived to fay that he was mad. dicctidxm in- Acrem teftibus vix unus verum dicat . Calv. in 8. John, Serin. 1.1 Safientiam mnes homines redderc. 2 ? Democritus to the Render. Thus Democritus efteemedofthe World in his time, and this was the caufe of his laughter : and good caufe he had. x oltm jure quidem, nunc plus Democrite ride 5 Quin rides ? vita h&c nunc mage ridicula ejl,. zE &r * c ‘ c P&• Democritus did well to laugh of old. Good caufe he had, but now much more. This life of ours is more ridiculous Then that of his, or long before. Never fo much caufe of laughter, as now, never fo many fools and mad men.Tis not one' 1 Democritus wil ferve turn to laugh in thefe days, y Plum Dane. we have now need of a Democritus to lav ah at Democritus y one Tcfter to c ' a ‘ nuncnon n 1 rtn 5 J jujjKiknt^ opus flout at another, one tool to flear at another. A great Stentorian Demo- ZX merit j qui critusjs.% big as that Rhodian Coloffus. For now, as 1 Salishurienfis fa id in his time, tot us mtndus hijlrionem agt , the whole world playes the fool $ mZIh.' we have a new theatre, a newfeene, a new comedie of errors, anew z Poiycrat. lib. company of perfonate a&ors, volupia facra (as Calcagninus wittily feigns 1 '^* e Pe ~ in his Apologs) are celebraccd all the world over, * where all the adfors * vbl omnes were mad men and fools, and every hour changed habits, or took that om ~ which came next. He that was a Marrincr to day, is an Apothecary to hodUcnmt^ morrow •, a fmith one while, a philofopher another his volupia ludis • cras phdojo- a king now with his crown, robes, feepter, attendants* by and by drove a loaded affe before him like a carter, &c. If Democritus were phamacepoia-, alive now,he fhould fee flrange alterations, a new company of counter- h j c ^ ed 9 r jg em feic vizards, whiflers, Cumane affes, maskers, mummers, painted Pup- fLu-alJuri, pets, outfides, phantaltick (hadows, guls, monfters, giddy-heads, &Cceptroor- buttcr-flies. And fo many of them are indeed (y if all be true that l" a S u TS- have read; For when Jupiter & Juno’s wedding was folemnizcd of old, culoyifinum the gods were all invited to the feaft, and many noblemen befides : f tcl ‘n r l im Amongft the reft came Cryfalus a Per ft an prince, bravely attended, rich >'Cakaywtt in golden attires, in gay robes, with a majeftical prcfcnce,but otherwife A ? oL Pjj*ius an affe. The gods feeing him come in fuch pomp and ftate, rofe up to 'div^lLmL give him place, ex habitu hominem metientes * but Jupiter perceiving to peplo & tid- what he was, a light, phantaftick,idlc fellow, turned him and his proud ^vis^io^n followers into butter-flies: and fo they continue ftill (for ought I know &nuihulTm- to the contrary) roving about in pied-.coats, and are called Chryfalides bythewiferfortof men: that is, golden outfides, drones, flics, and things of no worth. Multitudes of fuch, &c. dn , &c. - ubique tnvenies z Sed hmini * Stultos avaros,fyccphantas prodigos. pitTperfpid- Many additions, much increafc of madneffe, folIy,vanity, fhould Demo a " !s>Jt f : u critus obferve,were he now to travel,or could get leave of Pluto to come K//», Jl fee fafhions, as Charon did in Lucian to vifit our cities of Moronia Pia y vc- and Moroni a Faelix, furel think he would break the rim of his belly J With laughing. verfacp, & a Si for et in t err is rider et Democritus ^ feu y &c. mor tales mde Afatyrical Roman in his time, thought all vice, folly, and madneffe were all at full fea, . homines. b Omne in pracipiti vitium (letit.- - 1'jZ7k D 2 * Jofephus 2% Democritus to the Reader. 8 . • Hdf. ~^fepfmxhc hiftorian taxeth his countrey-men ?w 7 for bragingof *»:b'UoJ lt d. the?vices, publifhing their follies, andthat they- didcontendiamong /.8;C.II. /«: t hemfelves,who(houldbe moftnotonous in villames ; butwcflow °ta- higher in madnefie,far beyond them, tent,inquedies c datun progemem vitioliorcm, a ft* f„ n a the latter end (you know whofe oracle it is) is like to be worft. Tis not co be denied, the world alters every day, c nor- runtur, &c. van ant ur habitus,leges ipnovantur,tt Petrarch obferves, JI ' M change language, habits, laws, cuftoms, manners, but not vices, not d3es not the fymptoms of folly and madneffc they are (l.ll the fame .And as a River we fee, keeps the like name and place, but not war ter and vet ever runs, 5 i * Labitur & labetur inomne volubtlts avum-. Our times and perfons alter, vices are the fame and ever will be - ook n W Niehtineals fang of old. Cocks crowed, Kine lowed,Sheep blcat- 'itinfMuTer- e^^Spafrows chirped, Dogs barked fo they do foil, wc keep our m ’ oin madneffc ihll, play the fools ftill, nec dumfinttus oreftes, we aie f am e humors and inclinations as our predecefTors were, you fhall finde * Lucan. us all alike, much at one, we and our fons, § , Fa lt r nuke Et mi natorum,& quinajeuntur ab tilts, . of %eux go- A n d f Q (hall our pofterity continue to the laft. But to fpeak of times ing bare-fo° c ^ Pr ff vmeerim were alive now, and (hould but fee the fuperftjionof h sicuiintucn f 0U r c religious madnefle,as f CMeteran cals \i,Rel/giojam injaniam, ^Sfo manyprofeliid Chriftians, yet fo few imitators of C« fo Wfi, L:m‘ muc h talk of religion, fo much fcience, fo little confcience, fo much T f CC tlm knowledge, fo many preachers, fo little prafticc 5 fuch variety of lefts, fuch have and hold o P f all fid«, : -* obvU ferns _ t.vndifumiha r ■ u a bfurd and ridiculous traditions and ceremonies: It he mould meet a * Cnfuehin, a Ttmifam, a Pharefaieal fcfii'e, aman-ferpent, a Ihave- urn firm downed CKmk in his robes, a beging Frier, or fee their three crown d Soveraign Lord the Pope, poor Uteri fuccelfor, ftnm[trvmmDu, ‘Z sL'c .' fo depofc Kings with his foot, to tread on Emperors necks, make them i d«m (J j |, arc foot and bare-legg'd at his gates, hold his bivdle and llirrup, tZZStt &cdO that Peter and Paul were alive to fee this!, If he (hould obferye a uibiis 3 votis,fo- h prince creep fo devoutly to kifs his toe,and thofe Red-cap Cardina s, imombus^ iftl • fts of ol d, now Princes companions-,what would he fay- Had he met fomeof our devout pilgrims organs, (tint,- • barefoot to Zerufalem , our lady of Lauretto , Rome, S. I ago, b. Tbo- SST' Shrine ,to creep to thofe counterfeit & Maggot-eaten Reliques Had rmfis,pn,gM- h e been prefent at a Maffe, and feen fuchkiiung of Paxes, crucifixes, duckings, their feveral attires and ceremonies, piftures of SK&Sf* faint 8 s, 'indulgences, pardons, vigils, fatting, feafts, dotting, knocking, quisytafmt , (- nee hng at Ave-CManes, bels, with many luch 5 juctmda rttdi ffcttacula plebi, __J M.imUlinrr Ar K^OfiC I—I 'cMdclisca’ici- - - ]UCttwa ruui , bus,crucibus, praying in Gibberiih,and mumbling of beads.Had he heard an old wo- ^b^MaliombHs, nmifmis , frtis, legcndis,&c. Balm dcaftn Rom.Vont. 2 9 D emocritus to the Reader. man fay her prayers in latine, their fprinkling of holy water, and going a Proceffion, -- *incedunt monachorum agmina mile • * Th - Xcagcor. jQuid memorem vexilla, cruces, idolaque culta,&c. Their Breviaries, buls, hallowed beans, exorcifms, pictures, curious i Dum fimulant crofles, fables, and babies. Had he read the Golden Legend , the Turks Alcoran, or lews Talmud, the Rabbins Comments, what would he have mnorurn /patio thought < How doeft thou think he might have been affeded t Had he fffffffff 1 ' more particularly examined a lefuits lifeamongft the reft,he ihould have m-Ju/ArZid. feen an hypocrite profelfe povertie, 1 and yet poflefs moregoods&lands k Et quum in- then many princes,to have infinite treafures and revenues -, teach others to faft, and play the gluttons themfelves-, like watermen, that rowe one font, r«omh- way, and look another. k Vow virginity,talk of holinefte, and yet indeed a notorious Bawd, and famous fornicator, lafcivum pecus, a very goat, noaLno, a- Monks by profeffion,fuch as give over the world, and the vanities of it, and yet a Machtvihan rout m intcrefted in all maner of ftate : holy men, But cTey ftaii peace-makers, and yetcompofed of envy,luft,ambition, hatred and ma- prevail no lice, fire-brands, adult a patriot peftis , traitors, affafinats, hdcitur ad aftra, madneflt^all and this is to fupererogate, and merit heaven forthemfelvs and others, be known to Had he feen on the adverfe fide, fome of our nice & curious fchifmaticks a11 racn - . in another extream, abhor all ceremonies, and rather lofc their lives and livings, then door admit any thing Papifts have formerly ufed, though ejfejiunctin- in things indifferent (they aione are the true Church, fal terra, cum fwt omnium infulfifsimi.) Formalifts,out of fear and bafe flattery,like fo ma- ny weather-cocks turn round, d rout of temporifers, ready to embrace and maintain all that is,or (hall be propofed in hope of preferment: Ano¬ ther Epicurean company, lying at lurch as fo many vultures, watching for a prey of Church goods , and ready to rife by the down fall of any: as “ Lucian faid in like cafe, what doft thou chink Democritus would have mmlfuuTfi done, had he been fpe&ator of thefe things 1 f Warn jpekL Or had he but obferved the common people follow like fo many fiieep ? one of their fellows drawn by the horns over a gap,fome for zcal,fome for fear, quo fe cunquc rapit tempeflas, to credit all, examine nothing,and yet ready to dye before they will abjure any of thofe ceremonies, to which they have been accultomed-,others out of hypocrifie frequent fer- mons,knock their brefts, turn up their eyes, pretend zeal, defire refor¬ mation,and yec profeffed uferers, gripers, monfters of men, harpies, &t~* obilutHCSdi . vils, in their lives to expreffc nothing lefle. tiomm tmifs. What would he have faid to fee,hear, and reade fo many bloudy bat- f 0 fff c f um tels, fo many thoufands (lain at once, fuch ftreams of blood able to turn Mils :unius ob noxarn furiafque,or to make fport for princes, without any c dm,veiquod juft caufc, * for vain titles ( faith Anftin ) precedency, fome wench, or fuch mmwtima like toy, or out of defire of domineering, vain-glory, malice, revenge, folly, laid, quod cf- madnefi, (goodly caufes all, ob quas uni v erf ns orbis bellis fl te divinum animal finxi, &c. cut firnuiem. I tnade thee an harmtels, quiet, a divine creature : how may God expo- » - bD'not'i delate, andallgood mentyct, horum facials* onecondo\c$)tantumad- prafat.Beiu mirantur, & heroum numero habent : thefe are the brave fpirits, the gal- avilh Gaf. lants of the world, thefe admired alone, triumph alone, have datues, crowns, piramids, obelisks to their eternal fame, that immortall Genius e Jov'm. attends on them, hac itur adaftra. When Rhodes was befieged, e foffa ur- bis cadaveribus repleta fitnt , the ditches were full of dead carcafes*, and as when D emocritus to the Reader. 3 1 z Dolus 3 afp:. rim y m juflitu when the faid Soilman great Turk bclcgred Vienna , they lay level with the top of the wals. This they make a fportof, and will do it to their friends and confederates, againft oaths, vows, promifes, by trechery or otherwife.- % dolus an virtus ? quis in bojle requirat ? leagues and laws of arms, ( f filent leges inter arma) for their advantage, propria bi Ho - omnia jura, diviva, humana, proculcata plerumque funt • Gods and mens ffb t ^ got ‘ a ' laws are trampled under foot, the fword alone determines all-, tofatis- f Tu/iy. fie their lull and fpleen, they care not what they attempt, fay, or do, s Kara fides , probit afque viris qui caflraJequuntur, g tiucan. Nothing fo common as to have h fat her fight againft the [on , brother *-\^ a gbus%» gain(l brother, kinfman aga’nfi kinfman, kingdom againfi kingdom , pro- afjhm,amicus vince a vain [l province, chriftians againft c hri ft tans: it ambus nec unauam '? m d cum> ^ r [ , r CL. ■ i j L J a- • , 1 , BeglO cum cogitationcfuemnt Ufi, or whom they never had offence in thought, regione^egnum word or deed.Infinite treafuresconfumed,towns burned, flourifhing ci- rc&no cuUtdt ~ ties facked and ruinated, quodque animus meminife horret , goodly coun- tries depopulated and left defolate, old inhabitants expelled, trade and tumpemti. traffick decayed, maids defloured, Virgines nondum thalamisjugata, Etconus nondum pofitis tphnbi-, chaff matrons cry out with Andromache, noienterucnti- * Concubitummoxcogar pati ejus, qui interanit Hettorem , they fhall be u ™' b ... compelled peradventure toly with them that erftkil’d their husbands: cUm* md '~ to fee rich, poor, fick, found, Lords, fervants, eodem omhes incommodo math, cohfumed all or maimed, &c. Et quicquid gaudens fcclere animus {Zpaixcls^ audet, dr perverfa mens, faith Cyprian, and whatfoever torment, mifery, &c.chmcntes mifehief, hell it felf, the devill, 1 fury and rage can invent to their own ruin and deftruu w etude. Weft Indies, that killed up in 42 years (if we may believe p Bartholoma- us a Cafaihek own bifhop) 12 millions of men, with ftupend & exquifite torments 5 neither fhould I ly ffaid he ;if I faid 50 millions.I omit thofe hm,aes eud c>» ejufdcm lingua, fanguinis, rehgmis exerccbatur. o Lucan. * Virg. p Bilhop of Ctifeo antye^wkners! French 3 * Democritus to the Reader . q Read Mete- ran othis lUr pend c:ueltics. r Hcnfius Au- (iriaco. f y'irg.Gcoyg. t Jajifemu* GiiUobdgicus 15 y 6 ,Mundia fur 10 fus, w- fcriptio libri. * ExercUat. 2.50. ftrm. 4 - u Pleat Hera• clitus an rideat Democritus, x Cur*teves loquuntur , in- gentes (tufcnt. y Aetna mens capiofncc fat rationisin ar¬ ms. •l Erafmus. * Pro Murom, Qmnes urban* res omnia (In¬ dia,urmns fo- '/enfh iam & ind/tftria latet in tuteba & pracidio btlliuc 1 virtutis, & fi- viuX atquc in- crepuit fufpi- do tumult us, artes iUicono- fir* conticefc cunt • * 5o*.i3. a Cruddifjl- mos favijji- mofque latrc - ncs y fortiJ$!Mos babtri pr 0pug- 71 at ores 3 fiai pi¬ rn os duces ha- bent. brut a perfuafione de¬ ft at i, b Eobanns Hejfus.Qui- bus omms in amis vita pla¬ cetpen ulla juvatnifimor- tc,ncc ullam effc putant vi- tamjqua non affueverit ar¬ ms. c Lib. 1 o. vit, Seanderbcg. French Maffacres, Sicilian Evenfongs,' 1 the Duke ofAlvas tyrannies,our gunpowder machinations,and that fourth fury,as r one cals it,the Spanijh inquifition, which quite obfeures thofc ten perfections, - f fevit toto c JMars impius orhe , Is not this 'Mundus fur tofus, a mad world, as he terms it fnfanum helium? are not thefe mad men,as * Scahger concludes^#/ in prdio acerha morte , infanta fua memoriam pro per pet uo tefte rehnquuni poftentati which leave fo frequent battels, as perpetual memorials of their madnefle to all fuc- cecding ages < Would this, think you, have enforced our Democritus to laughter, or rather made him turn his tunc, alter his tone,and weep with u Heraclitus, or rather howl, x roar, and tear his hair in commifcration, ftand amazed * or as the Poets faign, that Niobe was for grief quite ftupificd,and turned to a ftonc'I have not yet faid the woift,that winch is more abfurd and y mad,In their tumults,feditions,civil & unjuft wars, x quod jlulte fufeipitur, impie geritur, mifere fnitur, fuch wars I mean, for all are not to be condemned, as thofc phantaftical Anabaptifts vainly conceive. Our Chriftian Ta&icks are all out as neccffary as the Roman Aciesy or Grecian Phalanx-,to be a fouldier is a moft noble and honora¬ ble profeffion (as c he world is) not to be fpared, they are our beft wals and bulwarks, and I do therefore acknowledg that of * Fully to be moft true. All our civil affairs, all our ftudies, all our pleading ,induftrieand commendation lies under the protection of warlike venues , and whenfoever there is any fufpition of tumult, all our arts ceafe • wars are moft behove- full & be Hat ores agricolis civ it at t funt uti lores, as * Tyrius defends : and valor is much to be commended in a wife man, but they miftake moft part, auferre, trucid.-re , raperc, falfis nominibus virtntem vocant,&c. fxwas Galgacus obfervation in Tacitus jthey term thefe, murder, and ra¬ pine, vertuc, byawrong name, rapes, flaughters,maflacres, 8 cc.jocus & Indus, are pretty paftirr.es, as Ludovicus Fives notes. 1 They commonly call themoft hair brain blood-fuckers, ftrongefi theeves, the moft ae(berate vil¬ lains, trechercus rogues, inhumane murderers , raft, cruel and diffolute cai - tiffs, couragious and generous [pints, herocaland worthy Captains, b brave men at arms, valiant and renowned fouldiers , poffeffed with a brute per- fwafion offalfe honour, as Pont us B uter in his Burgundian hiftorie com¬ plains. By means of which it comes to pafte that daily fo many volunta¬ ries offer themfelves, leaving their fweet wives, children, friends, for fix pence (it they can get it) a day,proftitute their lives and limbs, defirc to enter upon breaches, ly fentincl,perdue, give the fivft onfet, ftand in the fore-front of the battell, marching bravely on, with a cheerful noifc of drums and trumpets,fuch vigor and alacrity, ft) many banners ftreaming intheayr, glittering armours, motions of- plumes, woods of pikes, and fwords, variety of colours, coft and magnificence, as if they went in tri¬ umph, now vi&ors to the Capitol,and with fuch pomp, as when Darius army marched to meet Alexander at lffus .Void of all fear they run into eminent dangers ,Canons mouth,&c. ut vulneribus fuisferrum hoftium he - betent, faith c Barlctius, to get a name of valour, honour and applaufc, which lafts not neither,for it is but a meer Hath this fame,and like a rofe, mra diem unum extinguitur ,tis gone in an inttant. Of 15000 proletaries (Iain Democritus to the Reader. 33 {lain in a battel, fcarcc fifteen ate recorded in hiftory, or one alone, the General perhaps, and after a while his and their narr.es arc likewife blotted oirt,the whole battel itfelfis forgotten. Thofe Grecian Orators, fimnta vi ingenii & eloquent ixfci Oht the renowned overthrows at Thcr- mopyla, Snldmina, Maratlfro, Micalk, Mantinea, Cher Anna, Piatxa: The Romans record their battel at C annas, and Pbarj,alian fields, but they do but record, and we fcarce hear of them. And yet this fuppofed honor, t popular applaufe, defire of immortality by this means, pride and vain¬ glory fpursthem on many times rafhly and unadvifedly, to make away themfelvesand multitudes of others. Alexander Was forry,becaufc there were no more worlds for him to conquer, he is admired by fome for it, animofu vox videtur,& rrg 7 .*,tWas fpoken like a Prince, but as wife 6 Se¬ neca cer.furcs him, twas vox inquifma & jhiltiftma, tWas fpoken like imnibcmt- a bedlam fool •. and that fentence which the fame c Seneca appropriates ns ^ abiti ? to his father Philip and him, I apply to them all, Non mi nitres fuerepcjles paUnTccTdif- mortalium quam innndatio, quam c6njlagratiofpiiibus, <^r.th'ey did as much feMXriMut mifehief to mortall men as fire and Water, thofe mercilefte elements when they rage. f Whichisyet more to be lamented, they perTivade ^.idem i.h-' them, this hellifh courfe of life is holy, they promife heaven to fuch as cl MnusAcita- venture their lives hello [aero , and that by thele bloody wars, as * Perfi- as _ Id , m Am _ ans,Greeks,zt\6. Romans of old,as modern Turks do now their Commons, mmustfb; ij. to encourage them to fight, me dm mfeliciter,lf they d) in the feld,they ■go d reelly to heaven,and frail be canonized foY faints ,(O diabolical inventi- joins beaus a - oni put in the Chronicles ,inperpitiiam rei memoriam , to their eternal me- in morie : when as in truth, as sfortie hold, it were much better (fince wars wmam.Dc oc. are the fcoilrse of God for fin,by Which he punifheth morcal mens pee- ncf.lib. vifimes and folly) fuch brutifh (lories were fupprefled, becaufc admortim ^ infiitntioncm nihil habentfhty conduce not at all to maners,or good life. tibii. 1 But they will have it thus neverthelefie,& fo they put a note of h divinity upon the mojl cruel, and pernicious plague of humane kinde, adore fuch men bequius Turc. with grand titles, degrees, ftatues, images, ‘ honor, applaud and highly bip.Per cades reward tjjem for their good fervice, no greater glory then to die in the fj™ e g "i- field. So Africanus is extolled by Ennuis : Mars, and k Hercules,Ik. 1 know bus aficnfiSi not how many beiidcs of old were dcified,\vent this way to heaven,that were indeed bloody butchers, wicked dcflrOyers, and troublers of the falfarcligj. i. world, prodigious monfters,hel-hounds, feral plagues,devourers,com- c %l‘ nnnm mon executioners of human kinde,as Laclantius tfuely proves, Sc Cypri- \fudaeyb\jji- an to Donat ,(\itch as were defperate in wars,and precipitately made away mu Ad flagella themfelves(like thofe Celtes in Dartiafcen, with ridiculous valour, ut dede- ^mm^enini coroftm pntarent mure ruenti[c [ubdiicere, 3 . difgrace to run away for a rot- dam f united ten wail,now ready to fall on their headsj fuch as will not rufh on a papctuaobii- fwords point,or feek. to fhun a canons fhot,are bafe cowards, & no vali- Aupytimqmh ant men.By which means, Madetorbis mutiio[anguine ,the earth wallows mmme mu¬ lti her own blood, *Sxvit afnor[erri & feelerati irfania belli , and for that, which if it be done in private, a man fliall be rigoroufly executed, b and tsinbth. pr.*f. which is no left then murder it [elf,if the [amefacl be done in publike in wars , Wtfiani geficris peftc'm> & pcmcicra di viuitatis noti infigniunt. i El quod dolcndum, applattfam habent & occur fern vfri tdks. k Hercuh cadent porta ad cctf&ti patiAt^ fei pta^icuh glncr'n MrfictHi partem perdidk, zfeirg. Mid. 7. b Uomkidiim qtmm conmiltimt firrgufc , ermen eft , qtturn pnbticc gerhur> virtus vocatxf* Cy> primus. E it 34 Democritus to the Reader . c Seneca• d Jitvcn. 'it is called manhood, and the party is honored for it . c proper um & faelix fcelus Virtus vacatur' - 7 We meafure all as Turks do,by the event, and moft part, as Cyprian notes, in all ages, countrcys,places, fxvitia magnitudo impumtatem jceleris acquirit, the foulnefle of the fad: vindicates the offender . A One is crowned for that which another is tor- c Devaf/it.fci - ‘neb flit fti ’ P ' l lie crucem fceleris precium tulit, hie diadema. i Juvtn sai. 4. ma( j c a knight, a Lord, an Earl, a great Duke, (as ^grippa notes) for % q !odNM which another fliould have hung in gibbets, as a terror to the reft, iiquit. Tn peC- f & tamen alter, tiro csTs'tlf- Sl f CCl d et ^ em ' ca ^ eret Mi u ^ ce m0rum ' nu-lrius the Pi. A poor ffieep-ftealer is hanged for ftealing of viduals,compelled perad- rattdd venture by necelfity of that intollerable cold, hunger,andthirft,to favc iMbrmcmt- himfdff/om ftarving: but a s great man in office, may fecurely rob h Non aufi whole provinces, undo thoufands,pill and pole,oppreffe ad libitum,^, Umtfo£f& grinde,tyrannize, enrich himfelf by fpoils of the Commons, be uncon- puitumjid.v . troleable in his adions, and after all,be recompenfed with turgent titles, tonmuit 05 bo- honored for his good l'ervice, and no man dare finde fault, or h mutter 719s mros in . 0 ferviiutmhdr at It. . beniem , ob id How would our Democritus have been afredted, to fee a wicked caitific, or 'fool, a very idiot , afunge, a golden ajs, a monficr of men, to have many reorum nmif- good men, wife men, learned men to attend upon him with all fubmifion , as maU ‘™ an appendix to his riches, for that reflect alone, becaufe he hath more wealth wf&additd- and money , k and to honour him with divine titles, and bumbafi Epithets , to moita /iiimif- fmother him with fumes and eulogies,whom they know to be a dizard, vt7pk. m, “ a fool,a covetous wretch,a bea ft,8cc.becaufehcis rich ?To fee fub exuviis k zirmq-,de- i coms onagrum, a filthy lothfome carcaffe, a Gorgons head puffed up by IrSTiS- parafites, affumc this unto himfelf, glorious titles, in worth an infant, a SyS d ffws Cuman affe, a painted fcpulchre,an Egyptian temple < To fee a withered homes us an. p ace a difeafed, deformcd,canckred complexion,a rotten carcafs,a vipe- %thls&°l rousminde, and Epicurean foul fet out with orient pearls, jewels, dia- varosagnof- ^ems, perfumes, curious elaborate works, as proud of his clothes, as a S nl\mo- childc of his new coats-, and a goodly pcrfon,of an angelike divine coun- rant,s, quam tenance, a faint,an humble minde,a meek fpkit clothed in rags,beg, and quodditesfint. now rea dy to be ftarved ' To fee a filly contemptible floven in apparel, uf.fdho- ragged in his coat,polite in fpeech, of a divine fpirit, wife < another neat mt ep.vt reus i n clothes, fpruce, full of curtefic, empty of grace, wit, talk non-fenfe ? Ttfmcmfiu To fee fo many lawyers, advocates, fo many tribunals, fo little Ju- dex davnut fo ftice fo many Magiftrates, fo little care of common good ^ fo many r*j,quod mm Laws, yet never more diforders; Tribunal litium fegetem , the Tribunal "SL a. a Labyrinth,fo many thoufand fuits in one court iometimes,fo violently pn. followed < To fee injuflifsimum fiepe juri prafidentem, impium religions , IfrZTdeif' 5 imperitifsimum eruditiom , etiojifstmum labori , monftrofum humamtati tis not a venial fin, no not a peccadillo , tis no offence at all, a common and ordinary thing, no man takes notice of it; he juftifies it in publike, and peradventure brags of it, 1 Nam quod turpe bonis , Titio, Seioque, decebat t Juven. sat.+. Crifpinum - u Many poor men, yonger brothers, }®~ s °£.ZjdL &c.byreafonofbad policie, and idle education (for they are likely ci 3 magi(lyatn- brought up in no calling,) are compelled to beg or fteal, and then hang- um cul Pf fi ‘,. ed for theft*,then which, what can be more ignominious, non minus emm \ mur prace » turpe prinetpi mult a fupplicia , quant medico multafunera , tis the gover- tores,qpdi/a- nours fault .Libentius verberant qudm docent , as School-matters do ra- thcr corred their pupils, then teach them when they doamiffe.* They quam docent . had more need provide there(hould be no more theeves and beggers , as they ^ 0> f s vtop. ought with good policy, and take away the occafions , then let them run on, as x ‘jf K mmtur they do to their own dejlmclion : root out likewife thofe caufes of wrang- fun gtavia& ling, a multitude of lawyers,and compofc controverfies,//f« luftrales & feculares , by fome more compendious means. Whereas now for every potiusprovi- toy and trifle they go to law, y Mugit litibus infanum forum , & favit in- vtcem difeordantium rabies , they are ready to pull out one anothers gfjc a'Jqiu throats-,and for commodity x to fquie^e blood , faith Hierom, out of their tum dimfu. brothers Wr,defame, lie, difgrace, backbite, rail, bear falfe witneffe, frvear, forfwear, fight and wrangle, fpend their goods, lives, for- tasjdem. tunes, friends,undo one another,to enrich an Harpy advocate,that preys upon them both, and cryes Eia Socrates, Eia Xantippe or fome corrupt ub.i.cap.f Judg,that like the d Kite in ^'fop ,while the moufe& frog fought,carried z c. fmumo both away Generally they prey one upon another as fo many ravenous birds, brute beafts, devouring fiflies, no medium , omnes b hie aut captantur a Mdvus rapt ant c apt ant-, aut cadaver a qu& lacerantur, aut corvi qui lacerant, either de- bpxrtvfs de ceive or be deceivedjtear others, or be torn in pieces themfelves;like fo Cretone civit. many buckets in a Well, as one rifeth another falleth,one’s emptie,ano¬ ther s full; his ruine is a ladder to the third; fuch arc our ordinary pro- c Quidforum> cccdingSi What’s the market < A place according to c Anacharfis,vihere- locus quo alias in they cozen one another,atrap; nay,what>s the world it felf ? d A vaft areum- Chaos, aconfufion of maners, as fickle as the air, domicilium infano- trlfium du¬ rum, a turbulent troop full of impurities, a mart of walking fpirits, gob- os,iarvarum lins, the theatre of hypocrifie, a fliop of knavery, flattery, a nurfery ™eat "Zbypo~ ofvillanie, the feeae of babling, the fchool of giddineffe, the academie cnfhs^&c, E 2 of 36 D E M ° c R i T u s to the Reader. of vice-,a warfare,«£/ veils nolis pugnandum, ant vincas aut fnccumbas, o ...... in which kill or be killed-, whercinevery man is for himfelf, his private Imwjurad ends,and (lands upon his own guard.Nocharity , 6 love,friendfliip,fear of dimjicmo God ; , alliance, affinitie, confanguinitie, Chriftianitie can contain them, Tn\iedorJes but if they be any ways offended,or that (tring of commodity be touch- apnis ocuiis ed, they fall foul.Old friends become bitter enemies on a fuddain, for toyes and fmall offences, and they that erft were willing to do all mu- f minkpii'. tual offices of love and kindnefs,now revile, & perfecute one another to “ death,with more then Vatinian hatred,& will not be reconciled. So long TakZsutiant as t hcy are behovefufthey love, or may beRead each other, but when there is ho more good to be expeded, as they do by an old dog, hang him up or caflicer him:which f Cato counts a great indecorum, to ufe men plcipfodicam . like old (hoes or broken glalfes,which arc flung to the dunghifhe could ’"Mtr-d-d'’ not ^ ndc * n heart to fell an old Ox, much lefle to turn away an old v.mil Jid'bo fervant:but they in (lead of recompense, revile him, and when they have mnefu u.itu made him an inftrument of their villany, as ZBajazet the fecond Empe- rot of the Turks, did by Acomcthcs Baffa, make "him away, or in Read of « Ja-Mi:. cam h reward, hate him to death, as Stilus was Served by Tiberius. In a b -l'it'/ln- 1 * WPid,every man for his own ends.Our fummn bomtm is commodity,and pciuL-rTnw die goddefle we adore Dea mcneta, Queen money, to whom we daily of- ■tm a Jd:s in - fer Sacrifice, which Recrs our hearts, hands , 1 affedions, all: that moR it«c£aaeo- powerful goddefs,by whom we are reared,depre(Ted,elevated, k eReem- nfqjccUhi [unt ed the foie commandrefle of our actions, for which we pray, run, ride, joH^Tbi §°> cpme,labor,and contend as fifties do for a crum that falleth into the water.Its' not worth,vertue,‘.that’s bonumtheatrak)mCdom,wa\or, learn- R'gi hofiefty,religion,or any Sufficiency for which we are re(peded,but ' money,greatneffe, office, honour, authority - honefly is accounted fol- i Paiicis ebari- ly * knavery, policies m men admired out of opinion, not as they are, but l£ fi ptcL>. as the y fcem t0 bc : ruch Ming, lying, cogging, ploting, counterplot- s.iiufi. ^ mg, temporizing, flattering, cozening,diffiembling," that ofnecefity one G °d iffy h conformable to the nw/V,Crctizare cum Cre- : ' ‘' tCyOr elfe live in contempt, difgracc, and mifery. One takes upon him teim l Et gouts & perance, holinefle, another aufleritie, a third an atfeded kinde offimpli- fcuZ te ck y> whcn as indeed hc » and he, and he, and the reft are 'hypocrites, am- QwtiMqieij- bodexters , out fidcs, fo many turning pictures, a iyon on the one fide a r“% * amb on the other. How would Democritus have been afteded to fee inifcigtax- theft things ‘i ijtnMd & To fee a man turn himfelf into all iliapes like a Camelion,or as Proteus, n, n'on 'j pci omnut t tarifformans fefe in mtracula rcrum,to ad twenty parts and perfons tu fed ab or- at once, for his advantages temporize & vary like Mercune the Planet vaSM - 1 -: ood vvkh § ood > bad witb bad-having a Several face,garb, & charadcr n?n tes 2 < rn exceiim- for every one he meets-,of all religions,humors,inclinations-, to fawn like ■ s d c fi m - L a Spaniel, mentitis & mimicis obfcquiis , rage like a lion, bark like a Cur, iiPerfiardta h g hl: bke a dragon,(ting like a ferpent,as meek as a lamb,& yet again grin [no pojipmit like a tygre, weep like a crocodile, infult over Some, & yet others domi- “o'r.v! ncerover him,herc comand,there crouch, tyrannize in one place, be ba- ntceffittiim [a A<-’d in another,a wife man at home,a fool abroad to make others merry. vcl Deo difpli - * * cere, vcl ab bmimbus cmtmni, vexari, negligi. a Ctrrits fimlm & Bacchanalia vivunt. b Traielapho rmtanr 'is, ftt'rfuin homines') deorfum eqtiu . To D EM ocRiTus to the Reader. 37 To lee fo much difference betwixt words and deeds> To many parafan- c r . ges betwixt tongue and heart,men like ftage-players atf Variety ofparcs, l, cSp£' c -giv‘e good precepts to others, fore aloft, whileft they themfelves gro- mittuntjffi hu vcl on the ground. ° te>yc>/vlpa' S To fee a man proteft friendlhip, kiffe his hand, d qucmm-aflet trnneatum mmcipia. vide re e (mile with an intent to domifehief, or cozen him whom he fa- lutes, * magnifie his friend unworthy with hyperbolical elogiums-, his IfmutfJv'- enemy albeit a good man,to vilifie and difgrace him,yea all his adions, a »tMmdkiut with the utmoft livor and malice can invent. Dtmtumr'* 1 To fee a 1 fervant able to buy out his xMafter,him that carries the mace ’ love & hate more worth then the Magiftrate, which Plato Itb. 11 .de leg. abfolutely are like the forbids, EpiSletus abhors. An horfe that tils the §land fed withchaff,an perTpeJaive* a idle jade have provender in abundance 5 him that makes Ihoes go bare- gkfc one foot himfelf, him that fels meat almoftpined^a toiling drudge ftarve, a o”hermakes he drone flourifli. lefs. To fee men buy fmoke for wares, caftles built with fools heads, men ^f 1 '. like apes follow the falhions in tires, geftures,a os,cxmdepa. another. _ am „t 0 ,ms To fee a man roll himfelf up like a fnow ball, from bafe beggery to t uc ^Romana right worfliipfull and right honourable titles, injuftly to ferew himfelf into honours and offices^another to ftarve his genius , damn his foul to 1 odit dama- gather wealth which he (hall not enjoy, which his prodigall fon melts and confumes in an inftant. To fee the ycuo^y/cu ofour times, a man bend all his forces, means,time, rutacertbrw fortunes, to be a favorites, favorites, favorite, &c. a parafites,parafite$, parafte, that may fcornthe fervile world as having enough already, tints. To fee an hirfute beggars brat, that lately fed on feraps, crept and np h a/ - Thc y whin'd, crying to all, and for an old jerkin ran of errands, now ruffle in pie m t 3 °* lilk and fatten, bravely mounted, jovial and polite, now fcorn his old 0 *W"mt de- friends and familiars, negleft his kindred, infult over his betters, domi- neer over all. . centumdavi? To fee a fcholar crouch and creep to an illiterate pefant fora meals meat-, a ferivener better paid for an obligation-^ faulkner receive greater wages then a ftudent: a lawyer get more in a day then a philofopher in a foaificum po- year, better reward for an hour,then a fcholar for a twelve moneths ftu- die 1 Democritus to the Reader. _ *4>w Thu- die. him that can * paint Thais, play on a fiddle, curl hair, &c. (ooner lufllrcubimt g et ' preferment then a philologer or a poet. cJi/pZemncs. ° To fee a fond mother like zsffops ape, hug her child to death, a f wit- [Doftusjpeihi- ta | w i n h at his wives honefty, and too perfpicuous in all other affairs $ 'tTuUm. E(t one (tumble at a draw, and leap over a block $ rob Peter ,and pay Paul-, mm proprim ferape unjuft fums with one hand, purchafe great Mannors by corrup- ^umcernm ^on,fraud and cozenage,and liberally to diftribute to the poor with the 'vitia, obilvifci other, give a remnant to pious ufes, &c.Peny wife, pound fooliftgBlind - men ) u 4 e °f colours-,wife men filent,fools talk^ finde fault with others, pj^ctmdemo and do worfe themfelves •, * denounce that in publike which he doth in apud uuiMh. fecret-, and which Aurelius Victor gives out of Augujlus , feverely cenfure SSff’ V in a third, of which he is mod guilty himfelf. effs piuo 0 c n. To fee a poor fellow, or an hired fervant venture his life for his new *V ma 'od Matter that will fcarce give him his wages at years end $ A country co- luuitS&tt. lone toil and moil, till and drudg for a prodigal idle drone,thac devours siivunus hb. a h g a i n> 01 - lafeivioudy confumes with phantadical expences-, A no- dumdisytiis ble man in a bravado to encounter death, and for a fmall fla(h of honor qL'bfis ipfve. to cad away himfelfr A worldling tremble at an Executor, and yet not inomm m- £ ear . j 0 w ifh and hope for immortality,defire to be happy,and u Admus cat. yet by all means avoyd death, a neceflary paflage to bring him to it. kift.dpp.zii. To fee a fool-hardy fellow like thofe old Danes , qtu decod an malrnt mfmn utls quM” verberari, die rather then be punifhed, in a fottifii humor imbrace rjjc gio-ria eft-, death with alacrity, yef'fcorn to lament his own fins and miferies, or hi s beared friends departures. cater -iq-,' com- To fee wife men degraded, fools preferred, one govern Towns and punciionumgc- Cities, and yet a filly woman over-rules him at home 5 Command a fl'iufoU cciifc- Province, and yet his own fervants or children preferibe laws to him, mus.it.uibom- as Phemijlocles fon did in Greece-, x What I will (faidhe) my mother ivi/f uTmctnopcc- an d what my mother will, my father doth. Tofeehorfes ride in a Coach, Uuixpiodc- men draw it dogs devour their matters; towers build mafons; chil- fun&is amcis C i rcn ru i e . G id men go to fchool; women wear the breeches ; y (heep * L ofbiduu- demolitti towns, devour men, See. And in a word, the world turned up- ges foras, fix fide downward. 0 viveret Democritus. fiTftrcpu'ii gU 1 To infift in every particular were one of Hercules labors, there's fo dom;'. many ridiculons inftances, as motes in the Sun. Quantum ejl in rebus tna- x Quhqu’dc- M ? A nc j who can fpeak of all c’ Crimine ab uno difee omnes, take this for govdohoc a 1 J unit mater 2 t3.it C • mea A & quod g ut thefe are obvious to fenfe,trivial and well known, eafie to be dif- ’dtpateu'^' ccrned.How would Democritus have been moved, had he feen * the fe- y ovcs’olim crets of their hearts ? If every man had a window in his bred, which mmcumirdo tdomus would have had in Vulcan s man, or that which Tully fo much Znum&cd.ix wittu it were written in every mans forehead. Quid quifque de republics ut homines dc- j' enttr(t ^ w hat he thoughtjor that it could be etttdled in an inftant,which Momfvtop. Mercurie did bv Charon in Lucian , by touching of his eyes, to make him hb, u difeern femel & fimulrumores & fujurros. x viverfos S p £s l )ommum excas, morbos , vetumque labor es, varus tnbiut i 7 , 7 * natura furores Et pdfitm toto vdit antes At here euros. * Demerit . cp. preed. Hos dc\:rantes & potxites dcprchendet.bos vomntes 9 ilLos htigmtes,i?iftdias molieMesJuffragm.es, vmna tiiifrentes, in amieorum aceufationcm fubfcribeittes , hos gloria , ill os ambit'me* cupidjtate, menu f apt os, &c. Blind 39 D Tm O C R I T U S to the Reader. Blinde hopes and wiflies, their thoughts and affairs, Whifpersand rumors, and thole flying cares. That he could cubiculorum obdutfas for as recludere , & fecreta cordium Pe¬ netrate, which y Cyprian defired, open doors and locks, flioot bolts, ‘ as U* Dona t Lucians Gatins did with a feather of his tail: or Gyges invisible ring 5 or ep 'rr' Ll '(h° ** fomc rare perfpe&ive glaffe, or OtacouJUcon ,, which would fo multiply ufubiLicm- Jpecies, that a man might hear and fee all at once (as 1 Martiams Cape das ft itutus >& c - jupiter did in a fpear,which he held in his hand,which did prefent unto him all that was daily done upon the face of the earth;obferve cuckolds quid finguti , horns, forgeries of alcumifts,the philofophers ftone,new pioie&ors &c. n r * ueH *M ,t ‘. and all thofe works ofdarkneffe, foolifh vows, hopes, fears and wilhes, motibJTgita- what a deal of laughter would it have afforded i He fhould have feen rent* relucebat . Wind-mils in one mans head,an Hornets neft in another.Or had he bin S gShiZ. prefent with Icaromenipptts in Lucian at fupiters whifpering place, a and ™,b*reditat, beard one pray for rain, another for fair weather •, one for his wives, ano- %, M ( ‘ dt05da ther for his fathers death, See.to ask that at Gods handrvhich they are abalb- DmliT^ ed any man[hould hear: How would he have been confounded ? Would t i uantac t lh °' he, think you, or any man elfe, fay that thefe men were wcli in their fZZmlifP wits i H<£c fam efje hominis quis[anus juret Orejles ? mfflurrm, f Can all the Htil, tor in the amity* cure thefe men ' No (wtfature ot 1 “™"/ UtBebor toil not doit. Z-&Zf That which is more to be lamented, they are mad like Seneca's blind l a J chomines woman, and will not acknowledge, or b feek for any cure of it, for pan- ZZm.scm, ct vident morbum juum, omnes amant , If our leg or arm offend us we co- e P- 10 -f.i. vet by all means poffible to redreffe it 5 d and if we labor of ’a bodily iTZmZ difeafe, we fend for a phyfician-,but for the dfeafes of the mindc we take b*c res HcUt- no notice of them .• Luft harrows us on the one fide, envy, an<*er, am- b,ri l u & ere ob - bition on the other. We are torn in pieces by our paflions, as fo many Wilde horlcs 5 one in dilpolition, another in habit $ one is melancholy mw ^ HS V i 0 ii m another mad -/and which of us all feeks for help, doth acknowledge’ ££*"**■ his error, or knows he is lick i As that ftupid fellow put out the Can- c Quee Udnnt die, becaufe the biting fleas lhouid not finde him 5 heflirouds himfelf “ ulos ff™ in an unknown habit, borrowed titles, bccaufe no body lhouid difeern him. Every man thinks with himfelf Ecrus parel, opinions, humors, cuftoms, manners, we deride and reieft in our time as abfurd. Old men account Juniors all fools,when they are meer dizards; and as to failers ' £ic&honcji e ,fi - terraque nrbefque recednnt -- ]i'ia!nanimi~ they move, the land ftands ft ill, the world hath much more wit, they morbls f°- dote themfelves. 7 «r/rr deride us, we them*//*#*#* Frenchmen accoun- ■ ting them light headed fellows the French fcoffe again at Italians , and fS.t* ' at their feveral cuftoms * Greeks have condemned all the world but themfelves of barbanfm, the world as much vilifies them now • we ac- mZZZth count Germans heavy ,dull fellows,explode many of their fafhions . they tdfficn e(t as contemptibly think of us; Spaniards laugh at all,and all again at them. pcfieTZ^Z ^ ofcM ■ tbuUlt Zt «°s tamen agros ejjc negrnus. Incolumes modicum recufmt VrJSSZ HZ ■ tuttn p/ ifcis expt oh at, Lud.de atfec.hb. f. f Senes pro Jltdtis kabent juvenes. Ealtb . Caft 9 Sot So are \vc fools and ridiculous, abfurd in our acarriages,dyet,ap- h Clodiusaccu- par el ,cuftoms and confutations^ we h fcofFe and pome one at another, l ai n m ‘- h ”bb when as in conclufion all arc fools/ And they the vtrtefi affes that hide ufn^n'm. their e t m moft. A private man if he berefolved with himfelf, or fee on an rfutUis fludk/fc Q - njlon acC otints all idiots and afles that are not atte&ed as he is, /tIm-p SM ' *- nil refium, nifi quod placuit fibi, dueit, i ho that are not fo minded, 1 '(quodque volmt homines fe hene vette put ant) all k p, '^' r ' fools that think not as he doth:hc will not fay with An ms , SuamquiJ \f, fbonfam, mht me am, let every man enjoy bis own fponfe^but his alone is 1 st.iilm f.'.pi- fcx fuftf amcr y &c.imd fcorns all in refpeft of himfelf, wil imuatc l 1 ® 11 > unt iUtmfci- J n , but himfelf,as Pliny faid,a law and example to himfelf And that which Hippmm, in his cpiftleto Vymrfw, reprehended, of old.J* , n hmww- ver ifi c d in our times ,gw fa *» alio farfameffe eenfet, ipfequod non hdet nee curat , that which he hath not himfelf or doth not efteem, he cpfllib- 3 . accounts fuperfluity, an idle quality, a mecr foppery manothn • llk ^ “ Njt ^ fa Zcfops fox,when he had loft his tail,would have all his fellow foxes cut otf theirs.The Chintzes fay,that we Europeans have one eye, they them- (l-atar. Amp. p e f vcs two , all the world clfe is blinde: (though Scaliger accounts * s.*%. them Brutes too, ttterttmpew,) fo thou and thy feflanes arc only wife, others mdifferent, the reft bcfidethemfelves,mcer idiots and afles.Thus mm ' not acknowledging our own errors, and imperfections, we lecurely de¬ ride others,as if we alone were free,and fpeCtacors of the reft, accounting it an excellent thing, as indeed it is ,Alicna optimum frui infant a,to make our felvs merry with other mens obliquities, whenas he himfelf: is more * vi ia faulty then the reft: mutato nomine, de te fabtila narratur , he may ta e n IS himfelf by the nofe for a fool, and which one cals maximum fain* £***« :uocu r [pccimen, to be ridiculous to others,and not r.o perceive or take notice of SSSJT if, as Marfa was when he contended with Apollo, non intelligent fe den- b#**hht&- diculo haberi i faith * A pultun • tis his own caufe,he is a conviCf mad lism si uksfa- _ „„ „ ,,, P l inf>r<;. In the e\es of wife men and Angels heleems like myi ,+»,<*«• me an£ i 1 at tnee,DOtn at diimu; anu UV 1V.Luni^.i-v..... r" r drnSi again, ° Hei mihijnfanire me aim , qutim ipfi ultro wfamant. We accule oPtouusM- OThcsofmadneftc, of folly, and are the veneft dizards our fclves. mdyu. p : t : s a oreat fign and propertie of afool (which Eccl. io. 3. points at) » out Of pri& FeU-cJdvo infill., vilifie, condemn,cenfurc and call c-cf-ns ap- nr her men fools (Non videmus m antic & quod a ter go eft, to tax t hat in o- rS/St.- thers,of which we arc moil faultyftcachthat which wc follow not our ttipairocimiim r i v „ s . p ora n inconftant man to write of conftancy, a ptopnane liver 1 (i uijMuna- r : b y f f an aity and piety, a dizard himfelf make a treatile of Som! or with Salujl to rail down right at fpoilers of countreys and fa c > # . ;e , ; n * 0 {fi C c to be a mod grievous poler himfelf.This argues weakneis, E’Si'S: Hi is an evident fig. of fuch parties indiferetion.» Peccat frutjimus, mfi divnitts ? Who is the fool now ? Or elfe peradventure in fome places we are "all mad for company, and fo tis not feen, Sat,etas err or,s & de- (■’"•mi. mentis,par iter abfurditatem & admir ationem tolht. Ths with 11s,, as t v as b ‘ V C t:L of old (in 'Ttilhs cenfure at leaft) with C. Fimbria in Rome, a bold,hair- C Sf£I% bnin, mad fellow,and fo efteemed ofall,fuch only excepted,that were fa oc nn d as himfelf: now in fuch a cafe there is b no notice taken ot it. ■us.i’ctromus. Nmirum .. DEM OCR i r u s i to the Reader. 4 1 Nimirum injanus pane is videatur-, e'o quod Maxima pars homimim morbo jaclatur eodem. When all are mad,where all are like oppreft, Who can difeern one mad man from the reft ? But put cafe they do perceive it, and fome one be manifeftly convift of madnes, c he now takes notice of his foIly,beitinadion,gefture,fpeech, cguoniam a vain humor he hath in building, bragging, jangling,(pending,gaming, non eft genus courting, fcribling, prating, for which he is ridiculous to others, a on “ mm piultltlw booty, a glutton his bedj before his welfare.! el an Epicure,a covetous man, ifj? an ambitious man of his irregular courfe, wein him from it a little, pol Error e gralo msoecidifiis amici , he cries anon, you have undone him, and as ^a dog to , omnes his vomit , he returns to it ae'am : no perfwalion will take place, no coun- fell, fay what thou canft, tumviupr Clones licet & rtiare^Belo " Qjjgfc - Confundasyfurdo nan as, demonftratc as Flyffes did to h El- para- penor and Gryllus, and the reft of his companions thofe fwinijh men, he is aSJnZbo- irrefragable in his humor, he will be a hog ftill*,bray him in a morter,he 7 iores> avarus will be the fame.If he be in an herefie,or fome perverfe opinion,fetled as °P es >& c - odL fome of our ignorant Papifts are,convince his underftanding,lhew him Zfinwta?-' the leveral follies, andabfurd fopperies of that fed, force him to fay, d m.u.'decon- veris vincor.mzVc it as* cleer as the fun, 1 he will erre ftill,peevifh and ob- (? Pyov . l6 ,, ftinate as he is -,and as he faid k fi in hoc erro, libenter erro , nec hunc errorem t Plutarch, auferri mihi volo-fi will do as I have done,as my predeceftors have done, Gryiio.fujUi 1 and as my friends now do:I will dote for company.Say now, are thefe ckm.Akx. w . men m mad or no, n Heus age refponde ? are they ridiculous < cedo quemvis i Non ferfua- arbitrum, are they fan* mentis fobev, wife, and difereet' have they com- monfenfe? - 0 titer efi inftnior horum ? k tulip. I am of Democritus opinion for my part,I hold them worthy to be laugh- \Zm 7 T U ~ ed at 5 a company of brain-fick difards, as mad as * Orefies and Athamas , qumumrtu that they may go ride the ;m plena eft ^ fi ooner f n de a Cod than a man among.Pi us, we think fo well of fSTpi our felves, and that is an ample ceftimony of much folly. Tnum quam My fecond argument is grounded upon the like place of Scripture, mvc ' which though before mention’d in effe< 5 l,yet for fome reafons is to be re- c vuicbrum bis pcated (& by Plato's good leave,I may do it, e fit A ifb /&<*#.<) eiicere non m* DaVt j } by reafon of their trangrepons, &c. Pfal. 107. 17. Hence Mufculus infers all tranfgreffors muft needs be fools. So we readc Pom-2. Tribulation andanguifh on the foul of every man that doth evil - but all do evil. And If ay 65. 14. Myfervants (hall fing for joy, and f ye (ball cry for formv of heart,ana vexation ofminde. Tis ratified by the common f Mal confent of all philofophers. Dtjhonefiy (faith Cardan) is nothing clfe hut 5 vvhocan* folly and madneffedProbus quis nobtfeum vivit ? Shew me an honeft man. fiude a faith- malus qui non fiultus, tis Fabius aphorifm to the fame end. If none ful maxt ? Pro. nonc w if Cj then all fools. And well may they be fo accounted : h in pfat A9 . for who will account him otherwife , Qui iter adornat in occidentem, nCafm”**** quum preperaret in onentem?thdX goes backward all his life, weft ward, 'SqTdeiapi- when he is bound to the caft? or hold him a wife man (faith b Mufculus) eUthcri abfen- t l )at prefers moment any pleafures to eternity , that (pends his mafiers goods in vJvSns* his abfence,forthwith to be condemned for it? Nequicquam fapi t qui fibinon 6 dtmn indns. £ap it, who wil fay that a fick man is wife,that eats & drinks to overthrow rhr * Pint arch us St)lone, Detui faficntiori <1 tibu. nmi\ Democritus to the Reader. 45 the temperature of his body? Can you acccount him wife or difereet that would willingly have his health,and yet wil do nothing that fhould procure or continue it? ' Theodor ct out of Plotinus the Platomft , holds it a 'Pcrquamri. ridiculous thing for a man to live after bis own laws , to do that which is ojfen- tmts‘7 ^ ' >9 ' five to God, and j.et to hope that hejhould fave him : and when he voluntarily fmmU vive- neglecls his own fafety, and contemns the means, to think to be delivered by re,& D,IS another : who will fay thefe men are wile ? Mg-at* fmt A third argument may be aenved from the precedent, k all men are mn a carried away with pafsion,dilcontent, lull, pleafures,&c.they generally 77 7n hate thofe vertues they lhould love,and love fuch vices they fliould hate. Therefore more then melancholy, quite mad, bruit beafts, and void Q f cu >*m abjece. reafon,fo Chryfoflome contends •_ or rather dead and buried alive . as 1 Philo reafon,fo Chryfoflome contends 5 or rather dead and buried alive, as 1 Philo d^mJidMbJe ffudeus concludes it for a certainty, of all fuch that are carried away with curat.gfxc. paftions, or labour ofanydifeafe of the minde.Where isfear andforrow, there fsapims lib' m Laclantius ftiffely maintains, wifdom cannot dwell. qu iimpmo/iJ . . , " i, - qui cupiet, met net quoqueporro , fer.7. gui metuens vivit, liber mi hi non erit unquam. Ikvifjffa*' Seneca & the reft of the Stoicks are of opinion, that where is any the leaft perturbation, wifdom may not be found. What more ridiculous, as “ La- nates pro mZ clantius urgeth, then to hear how Xerxes whipped the Hellefront , threat- tu,scon f endos - ned the Mountain Athos , and the like. To fpeak ad rem, who is free from pafsion? 0 Mortaiis nemo eft quern non attingat dolor , morbufve , as p Tully de- ^frpumtia termins out of an old Poem,no mortal men can avoid forrow & ficknes, and forrow is an unfeparable companion of melancholy.* 1 Chryfoflome «« Xerxe " pleads farther yet,that they are more then mad, very beafts, ftupified UeU , c # mum and void of common fenfe : For howl faith he )fhall I know thee to be a man, &c. ' me ' when thou kickeft like an aft, neigheft like an horfe after women, raveft in Ink ° Ecc! r 1 - ll - like a bull, raveneft like a bear, ftingefl like a fcorpion , rake ft like a wolf^lltk,cSll as fubtile as a fox, as impudent as a dog?Shall 1 fay thou art a man, that haft ‘ s no un ^cr- all the fymptomes of a be aft ? How (hall I know thee to be a man? by thy fhape ? That affrights me more, when 1 fee a beaftin likenejfe of a man. ' AnangVman T Seneca cals that of Epicurus, magnificam vocem, an heroical fpecch isato ° l - A fool ft ill begins to live, and accounts it a filthy lightneffe in men, every llmfin™' day to lay new foundations of their life, but who doth other wife ? One tem noncadit . travels, another builds h one for this,another for that bufinefs, and old Ipdt'JcV" folks are as fai out as the left •, odementem fcneclutem. Fully exclaims, nommem te Therefore yong, old,middle age, all are ftupid, and dote. agnofeere ne- * *AEneas Sylvius amongft many other, fets down three fpecial wayes SSS! to hnde a fool by. He is a fool that feeks that he cannot finde : He is a catc *tm>i*rd- fool that feeks that, which being found will do him more harm then good : He is a tool,that having variety of wayes to bring him to his jor- eqmspofl mu . neys end, takes that which is worft. If fo,me thinks moll men arc fools- ltem > ut urfui examine their courfes,and you fhal foon perceive whafdizards and mad T,qlum7& men the major part are. ' asm lupus, ftiTnamlmiinisbabco, Idmagis tenet, quumferam human*[peck videre me putem. r Epifl.lib. 1 17, . inciptt vivere,feda homintm It vitas, nova quotidie fundamenta vita pome, novas Bes &c. * De atrial »„a„ Stidtus, qm quant quod nequit invenire, llnltus qui quant quod meet inventum , (iultus \ui cum plum habit caUe's determem debpt. Mdn videntmr omits Mn, amentes, &c. F Ues > F 2 Beroaldm 44 Democritus to the Reader. b Ep.Vcw.u vi/ibprtas c[i pUpa^&c. f Hor.i.fcr. 7* Beroaldus will have drunkards, afternoon men, and fuch as more then ordinarily delight in drink, to be mad.The firft pot quencheth tnirft, 10 p a nyafis the Poet determines in Athen*us,fecunda gratiis, horn & Djom- (io : the fecond makes merry, the third for pleafure, quart a ad infamam , the fourth makes them mad. If this pofition be true, what a catalogue of mad men (hall we have < what {hall they be that drink four times four < Nome fupra omnem furorem, fupra omnem infant am reddunt infmfmos ? I am of his opinion,they are more then mad, much worfe then mad . The b Abderites condemned Democritus for a mad man, becaufe he was fomtimes fad,and fomtimes again profufely merry. Hac Patriatfahh Hippocrates'ob rifumfurere & tnfamre dictint, his countrey men hold him C Amci ,mad becaufe he laughs,- & therefore he dejira himsosutvifcOlhis fr,ends jiris Modi di- at Rodes, that they do not laugh too much , or be over fad. Had thole yib- atopic nirnuyn derites been converiant with us, and but feen what fleering andgrming SS'" there is in this age, they would certainly have concluded, we had been iZw'IT Ariftotle in his Ethicks holds, foelix idemquefapiens to be wife and cogno/arc happy are reciprocal terms, bonus idemq-, fapiens honeftus. Tis c Tallies fiuitutn. p a radox wife men are free, but fools are Jlaves, liberty isa power to live e °f ii. according to his own Laws,as wc wil our felves: who hath this liberty ? bmffiulti per- w ft 0 i s free * - f fapiens fibiqne imperiofus , Oucm nequepaupertes, neque mors , neque vincula ter rent. Re Ip on fare cupidinibus , contemnere honores Fortis, eft in feipfo totus teres atque rotundas. He is wife that can command his own will. Valiant and conftant to himfelf ftill. Whom poverty nor death, nor bands can fright. Checks his defires, fcorns honours, juft and right. But where (hall fuch a man be found i If no where, then e diametro , we all are {laves,fenfleffe,or worfe. Nemo malusfoelix. But no man is happy in this life, none good, therefore no man wife. Ran quippe boni For one vertue you fhall finde ten vices in the fame party 5 pauci Prome - thei multi Epimethei. We may peradventure ufurp the name, or attribute it to others for favor, as Carolus Sapiens, Philippus Bonus, Lodovicus Pi- tts,&c. & deferibe the properties of a wife man, as Tully doth an Orator, Xenophon Cyrus , C aft ill o a Courtier , Galen Temperament , An ariftocrafie is deferibed by Politicians.But where fhall fuch a man be found i Vir bonus eft fapiens, qualem vix repperit mum Milhbus e multis hominum conf tltus Apollo . A wife, a good man in a million, Apollo confulted could fcarce finde one. A man is a miracle of himfelf, but Trifmegiftus adds. Maximum mira- culiim homo fapiens,a wife man is a wonder: multi Thirfigeri , pauci Bacchic Alexander when he was prefented with that rich and coftly casket of Kin- rntus (lultns effeens, fi-c. in omnibus es prudens, circa teipflum inflpiens : turn quod pro- the more wife thou art to others, the more fool to thy felf. I may not f u.S'mi- deny but that there is fome folly approved, a divine furie, a holy mad- fi.hom. '~ nefle, even a fpiritual drunkennefle in the Saints of God themfelves •, Sanclam inflaniam Bernard cals it (though not as blafpheming k Vorflius, k Dim iram& would infer it as apaflion incident to "God himfelf, but ) familiar to 0 r ffl‘ n a ,nDco good men, as that of Paul,! Cor. he was aflool , &c. and Rom.9. he wilheth himfelf to be anathematized flor them. Such is that drunkennefte which m pj: inebria- Ficinus fpeaks of, when the foul is elevated and ravilhed with a divine {JJJJJ taft of that heavenly Ne&ar, which poets deciphered by the facrifice mnPfai.iofl of Dionyflius , and in this fenfe with the Poet flinflanire lubet , as Auflin ex- . horts us, ad ebnetatemfle qmfqueparet, let’s all be mad and m drunk. But Ton. faai-dos we commonly miftake, and go beyond our commilsion, we reel to the ^gyptius. oppofite part, n we are not capable of it, °and as he faid of the Greeks, Vos Graciflemper pueri, vos Britanni, Galli , Germans, ltali, &c. you area q Patetcadi- company of fools. SS'"'- Proceed now apartibus>ad totum , or from the whole to parts, and you TopM. i.ls. ihall finde no other iftue,the parts fhall be fufficiently dilated in this fol- R Pfi Blu: - W* lowing Preface. The whole muft needs follow by a Sorites or indudti- on. Every multitude is mad, p bellua multorum capitum, precipitate and eft judicium m ralh without judgement, flultitm animal, a roaring rout. q Roger Bacon" J “^ 0 ' proves 4 6 Democritus to the Reader. proves it out of Ariftotle , Vtilgus dividi in oppofitum contra fapientes , rjulvo videtur verum^falfum eft that which the commonalty accounts true,ismoft partfalfe, theyareftilloppofiteto wife men, but all the world is of this humor ( vulgtts ) and thou thy felf art de vulgo, one of the Commonalty 5 and he, and he, and fo are all the reft-, and therefore, as Phocion concludes, to be approved in nought you fay or do, mecr i- diots and alfes, Begin then where you will, go backward or forward, choofe out of the whole pack, wink and choofe, you lhall finde them all alike, never a barrell better herring . Copernicus , Alias his fuccefl'or, is of opinion, the earth is a planet, moves and fliines to others,as the Moon doth to us. Digges , Gilbert , Ke- plerus , Origams ) and others, defend this hypothefts of his in fober fad- nefte, and that the Moon is inhabited : if it be fo that the Earth is a Moon, then are we alfo giddy,vertigenous and lunatick within this fub- lunary Maze. v I could produce fuch arguments till dark night: Ifyoulhould hear the reft, Ante diem claufo componet vcjpcr Olympo : but according to my promife,I will defeend to particulars. This melan¬ choly extends it felf not to men only, but even to vegetals and fenfibles. I fpeak not ofthofc creatures which are Saturnine , melancholy by na¬ ture,as Lead, and fuch like Minerals,or thole Plants,Rue,Cyprefte,&c. a T>e occult. and Hcllebor it felf, of which a Agrippa treats, Fifties, Birds, andBeafts, Hares,Conies, Dormice, &c. Owls, Bats, Nightbirds, but that arti- facial, which is perceived in them all .Remove a plant,it will pine away, 4. which is especially perceived in Date trees,as you may reade at large in Conftantines husbandry, that antipathy betwixt the Vine and the Cab¬ bage, Vine and Oyl.Put a bird in a cage,he will dye for fullennelfc,or a beaft in a pen, or take his yong ones or companions from him, and fee what effect it will caufe.But who perceives not thefe common pafsions of fenlible creatures, fear, forrow, &c.Of all other, dogs arc molt fub- iffift. I '^ US je&to this maladie, in fo much fome hold they dream as men do, c DspoiautH- and through violence of melancholy, run mad-, I could relate many ft° r ‘ es °f dogs, that have dyed for grief, and pined away for lofs of maim corpoyi. their Mailers, but they are common in every b Author. Kingdoms,Provinces, and politick bodies are like wife fenlible and nrTcorpons^a- fubjeft to this difeafe, as c Roterus in his politicks hath proved at large. tiimiquc, pc m As in humane bodies (faith he) there be divers alterations proceeding 'Ivbn 'X &C ' f ,om humors, fo there be many difeafes in a common-wealthy which do as di- phiiafophantui- , verfly happen from fever ad diftempers } zs you may ealily perceive by their Vnb'd- r P ar Ocular fymptomes.For where you lhall fee the people civil,obedient f vdpubiftm to God and Princes,judicious, peaceable and quiet, rich,fortunate/and utiiitatem :j a . flourilh,to live in peace, in unity and concord,a Country well tilled,ma- ‘premtkr cfk n Y built and populous Cities, ubi incoU nitent, as old e Cato faid, the BcatacivitJs people are neat, polite and terfe,»£/ benefteateque vivunt, which our Po- ’bmffrdtot i* t * c * ans raa kc the chief end of a Common-wealth 5 and which f Arifto- avuas bcata Polit. lib. 3 .cap q.ca\s Commune bonum,?oltbius lib. 6. optabilem&fcle~ Plato quam ctumftatum.T hat countrey is free from melancholy-,As it was in Italy in dc re P' ikUca ‘ the time of Auguftus, now in China^ now in many other flourilhing kino-- 47 D « v M'c ce itus to the Reader. do ms of Europe. But whereas you fhall fee many difeontents, common grievances,complaints, poverty, barbarifm, beggery, plagues, wars, re¬ bellions, feditions,mutinies, contentions, idlenelfe, riot, epicurifm, the land ly untilled, wade, full of bogs, fens, defarts, &c. cities decayed, bafe and poor towns, villages depopulated, the people fqualid, oiigly, uncivil-, that kingdom, chat country, muft: needs be difeontent, melan¬ choly, hath a fick body,ana had need to be reformed. Now that cannot well be effected, till the caufes of thefc maladies be fir ft removed,which comonly proceed from their own default, or fome accidental inconvenience: as to be fite in a bad clime, too far North, fteril, in a barren place, as the defart of Lybia , defarts of Arabia , places void of waters, as thofe of Lop and Belgian in Afia , or in a bad ayr, as at Alcxandrett a,Bantam, Pi ft , Darazzo , S.lohn de Vllua,drc. or in danger of the feas continual inundations,as in many places of the Low-countries and elfwhere,or neer fome bad neighbors,as Hungarians to Turks,Podoli- ans to T artars , or almoft any bordering countries, they live in fear ftill, and by reafonofhoftile incurfionsare oftentimes left defolate. So are ci- a M ties by reafon a of wars,fires, plagues, inundations , 15 wilde beafts, decay lufiUSSlm of trades,barred havens, the feas violence, as Antwerp may witnefs of vtctm enm- lat e,Syracafe of ol d } Brtindufm» in Italy,Rhye and Dover with us,and raa- bintndum i ny that at this day fufped the feas fury and rage, and labor againft it as ferisyUtolim the Venetians to their ineftimable charge.But the moft frequent maladies are fuch as proceed from themfelves, as firft when religion and Gods fervice is negletfted, innovated or altered, where they do not fear God, obey their prince, where Atheifm, Epicurifm, Sacrilcdg, Simony, See. And all fuch impieties are freely committed, that countrcy cannot prof- c Kip¬ per. When Abraham came to Gerar, and faw a bad land,he faid,fure the Zlxma fear of God was not in that place . c Cyprian Echovius a Spanif) Choro- tJtuiJe'Z grapher,above all other Cities of Spain, commends Borcino, in which f M ! er SP Um ™ there was no begger,no man poor>&c.but all rich & in good eft ate,and he gives the reafon , becanfe they were more religious then their neighbors : why was Pif > fmfteque lfrael fo often fpoiled by their enemies, led into captivity, &c. but for ZqZLvZ their idolatry, negledt of Gods word,for facrilcdgc,cven for one A chans t*mt, &tf fault ? And what fhall we expedt that have fuch multitudes of Behans, ffft.fT'r church robbers, fimoniacal Patrons,how can they hope to ftourifh’ that negledl divine duties, that live moft part like Epicures ? Other common grievances are generally noxious to a body politick ; tmZ s \oti. alteration of laws and cuftoms, breaking priviledges, generall opprefli- tib.i.c.i.Cum ons, feditions, &c.obfcrved by d Ariftotle , Bodtn, Boterus, lunius, Arnif- ciis,&c. I will only point at fome of the chiefeft. e Impotentia gubernandi , rZlmpllus, ataxia, confufion,ill government,which proceeds from unskilful,ftoth- ful, griping,covetous,unjufl:,raili,or tyrannizing magnates,when they ZllhSLl are tools,idiots, children, proud, wilful, partial, undilcrect, opprelfors, eno f ,autfatum giddy heads, tyrants, not able or unfit to mannage fuch offices : 1 many f Non . et noble cities and flourifhing kingdoms by that means are dcfolatc, the rejpSfL whole body grones under fuch heads, and all the members muft needs i ! ‘ s ea P uti *f>>- be mifaffedted, as at this day thofe goodly provinces in Aft a Minor, dr c. ZfifZt grone under the burthen of a Turkijh government* and thofe vaft king¬ doms 4 s Democritus to the Reader . gScep.F i:t- domsof Mufcovia,Rufsiaf under a tyrannizing Duke,Who ever heardo! ibas relation, more c j v4 an d rich populous countreys then thofe of Greece, Afia Miner, allSf abounding with all''wealth, multitude of inhabitants, force, power, fplendor ftotie. and magnificence? and that miracle of count rys, u the Holy land,chat in fo h Abiwdan^ p ma q a CO mpafs of ground could maintain fo many T owns, Cities,pro- IZaffiuSa, dace fo many fighting men? Egypt another Paradife, now barbarous and mcolaYum mill- defart, and almoft wafte,by the defpotical government of an imperious TeacpftZ Turk, mtoierabiltfcrvitutis jngopremttur ( b one faith) not only fire and tit. water, goBds or lands, fed ipfe (piritus ab mfolentifsimi visions pendet “SksTn nutn , fuch is their flavery, their lives and fouls depend upon his inlolenc length, 60 in yr[\[ anc * command. A tyrant that fpoyls all wherefoever he comes,info- breadth ; ac^or- ^^h that an c Hiftoriaii complains, if an old inhabitant ( hould now fee A ^'" them, he would not know them, if a traveller, orJfranger, it would grieve his b Romitus a j )Cart t0 beheld them. Whereas d Arijlotle notes, Nova, ex ait tones,nova oner a si impofita , new burdens and exaftions daily come upon them, like thofe of cnis wcala vc- which Zofimus lib. 2. fo grievous, ut viri uxores, patres flios proflituerent tusjiou ajivj- ut exa tf or ;bns e ifuejlu, &c. they mud needs be difeontent, hinc civitatum fmfimsL germ t us & pi or am, as e Tally holds, hence come thofe complaints and g(mijccnt. j Cars of Cities ,poor, mifsrable, rebellious, anddefficrate fubjeCls,tis f Hippoli- tv'Mua/ 6 ' tus adds:& s as a judicious countrey-man ofours obferved not long fince ffncipum, nn- [ n a f urv ay of that great Dutchy ofTufcany , the people lived much gric- ve d and difeontent, as appeared by their manifold and manifeft com- Ugfjlcclu- plainings inthatkin de.Tbat the State was like a fick body which had lately tat petunia i : pcn phyfick, whofc humors are not yet wcllfetled, and weakened fo much by ifbijL purging, that nothing was left but melancholy. _ f D finer cm. Whereasthe Princes and Potentates are immoderate in lull, Hypo- 'fitfmUr, elites, Epicures, of no religion, but in (hew: guid hypocrift fragilius ? vcbfiLs, tkfjfd what fo brittle and unfure ? what fooner fubverts their eftates then wan- ran,&r. jr'in" & raging lulls,on their fubjedls wives.daughtersCto fay no worfe. They that fiiould faccmpraferre, lead the way to all vertuous a&ions, ciujiohb'-i. are t h e ringleaders oftentimes ofall mifehief and diffblutc courfes, and h h p C jf % 9 U0 by that means their countries are plagued, h and they themfelves oftenrui- fit ut ant rebus ritdybanijbcd or murdered by con (piracy of their fubjecfs,zs Sardanapahts was, dvj per am c.xu- D , cr ^p uis funior,Heliogabalus,P eriander,Pififiratas,Tarquinius,Timocrates, wuoTfMul Childericus, Appius Claudius,Andronicus, Galeae ins Sforfia , Alexander Me - rum cruddtjji dices, fgC. ' r 'cidntvT i U ~ Whereas the Princes or great men are malicious, envious, fadlious, M U t«is odiis ambitious, emulators, they tear a Common-wealth afunder, as fo many &cxdbus cx- Gue jf es an d Geb dimes difturb the quietnclTe of it,' and with mutual mur- kifidtcxma- ders let it bided to death $ our hiltories are too full of fuch barbarous in, fieieratifq-, inhumanities, and the miferics that ilfue from them. utai • W hereas they be like fo many horfe- leeches, hungry, griping, corrupt, m Tor moft k COV etous, avaYitu mancipia , ravenous as wolves, for as TuUy writes;^ P a « w h e c ™L, traeft prodejl , (f <\ni pecudibus praejl , debet eortim utilitati infervire : or JfPoliSs' fuch as prefer their private before the publick good. For as 1 he laid accounting lon (r fince privatepublicis femper officere. Or whereas they be illite- SfcSid rate^ ignorant,Empcricks in policie, ubi deefifacultas , m virusf ^Anflot. SmeifThn can difpute of political precepts, fupplant and overthrow their adverfaries, enrich themfelves, get ho¬ nors dilfmble; but what is this to the beneejfe, or prefervation of a Common.wealth ? poL Democritus to the Reader. 49 pol.^.cap 8. ;& fcientia, wife only by inheritance, and in authority by nlmjKnum pi- birth'right, favour, or for their wealth and tides-, there muft needs be a a c p 0 f ?f nte fault, 11 a great defeft: becaufe as an °old Philofopher affirms,fuch men o^Sp* are notahvayes fit. of an infinite number, few alone are Senators , andof Flor ' Exirmilm thofe few, fewer good, and ofthatfmall number of hone ft good and noble men, ZutiScmo- ferv that are learned , wife, dfereet and fufficient , able to dtfeharge fuch pla- res gene/c no- ces, it muft needs turn to the confufion of a State. con f: For as the a Princes are, fo are the people-, ffuahs Rex , talis grex and bmijbom which b Antigonus right well faid of old , qui Macedonia regem erudit * dhl ‘ c ? auci omnes etiam fubditos erudit, he that teacheth the King of (JWaccdon,te ach- a a tnfoium cth all his fubje&s, is a true faying ftill. vina comp For Princes are theglaf, thefchool , the book , “fft Where fubjecls eyes do learn, do reade, do look , infundunt ,>> ■ — - velocitfS dr citius nos chntatem, Corrumpunt vitiornm exempla domeflica, magnis P qZZpZcm° Cum fubeant animos authoribus -their examples are noeent.Cic. i. fooneft followed,vices entertained,if they be prophane, irreligious, lafei- { ^>/S Z es vious, riotous,Epicures, fadious, covetous, ambitious, illiterate/© will Juv:n.Sat.\. the commons moft part bc,idle,unthrifts, prone to iuft, drunkards, and du£Tf e ' therefore poor and needy ( « mho. <,*1 ™for poverty begets & mZeficfUm, feditionand villany)upon all occafions ready to mutine and rebel dif- Ar, ft-P ol} “cf content ftill, complaining, murmuring, grudging, apt to all outrages, lellf'cSte thefts,treafons,murders,innovations, in debt,fhifters,cozeners,outlaws ‘i u,busa P es Proftagata fama acvita. It was an old c Politicians Aphorifm, They that ZZnvidZt' are poor and bad , envie rich , hate good men , abhor the prefent govern-vcuZokre, went, wifhfor a new , and would have all turned topfie turvie. When Cate- nova exo P tant > line rebelled in Rome, he got acompany of fuch debofhed rogues tog ;e-$&7£ ther,they were his familiars and coadjutors,and fuch have been your fC- rit&pttunt. bels moft partin all ages, Jack Cade,Tom Straw,Kette,& his companions. iSjfe Where they be generally riotous and contentious,where there be ma- dfipiL ny difeords, many laws, many law-fuits, many Lawyers, and manv ” ae l ltndtci ' im Phyficians, it is a manifeft fign of a diftempered, melancholy ftate, as * 25 *“ * Plato long fince maintained : for where fuch kinde of men fwarm, they rM d'coru cop a. will make more work for themfelvcs, and that body politick difeafed, V^muS: which was otherwife found. A generall mifehiefin thefe our times, an emtur nunc in unfenfible plague, and never fo many of them : which are now multiplyed tcn:iutloc!i ^ (faith CMat.Geraldus, c a Lawyer himfelf ,) as fo many Locufts, not the pa - rents, but the plagues of the Country,and for the moft part a fupercilious,bad fics, peffimi bo - covetous,litigious generation of men. ( Crumemmulga natio , &c. A purfc- miiking nation, a clamoious company, gowned vultures, ° qui ex ininria c, ^°fi> c MtevtL vivunt & fanguinecivium, theeves and Seminaries of difeord *, worfe h tr T c : ' llcmm then any polers by the high way fide, auri accipitres, auri exierebroni- ZZcT des, pecuniar urn hamioU, quadruplatores , Curia harp agones, fori tintina- iDou f ae PA- bulapnonftra hominum,mangones,&c.\.\ai take upon them to make peace, but are indeed the very difturbers of our Peace, a company of irreli- tc z ath gious. Harpies, feraping, griping catch-poles(I mean our common hun- gry Pettefoggers, rabulas rorenfes, love and honour in the mean time, damns or ac a lit all good laws, and worthy Lawyers, that are fo many k Oracles and f Pilots 50 Democritus to the Reader. a Lib. 5. Pilots of a well governed common-wealth.) Without Art, without Judgement, that do more harm, as 3 Livy faid, quam bella externa, fa- mes,morbive, then fickneffe, wars, hunger, difeafes •, and caufe a mo ft in- b Lib.i.derep. credible definition of a Common-wealth , faith b Sefellins , a famous civilian Gaitontm, in- f ome umes in Paris , As Ivie doth by an Oke, imbrace it fo long, untill it pui fZiciem hath got the heart out of it, fo do they by fuch places they inhabite ; no affirm. counfcl at all, no juftice,no fpeech to be had juft cum pramttlfens,\\t mull be feed ftill,or elfe he is as mute as a filh,better open an Oylter without a cPolycrat. Iib. kmk.Experto crede (faith c Salisburienfis) in mantis eorum millies incidi, d npipe con- & Charon immitis qui nulli pepercit unquam, his longe elementior ell; rfesintTm 1 D ea ^ 6Ut °f ex f> ertericc i 1 have been a thoufand times among.ft them, and fibi*mdnpiica Charon himfelf is moregentle then they-*he is contented with his fingle pay, ■d jiibent. y ut { / JC y multiply fij/f they are never fatisfied: belides,they have damnific as linguas , as he terms it, nififunibus argenteis vincias , they muft be feed * pins accipi- to lay nothing,and*gei more to hold their peace,then we can to fay our ‘‘timnosio ui beft.They will fpeak their clients fair, and invite them to their tables, \ Totius inju- but as he follows it, Q of all injuflice, there is none fo pernicious as that of (htia nulla at- t heirs, which when they deceive mojl, will feemto be honejl men. They take upon them to be peace-makers, &fovere caufas humilium, to help rnximedccipi- them to their righ t,patrocinantur affliclisf but all is for their own good, fa Lm -S'- ut loculos pleniorum exhauriant , they plead for poor men gratis , but je vide ant ur. they are but as a ftale to catch others.If there be no jar, 8 they can make *? m i q Jbcaufa a out of the 4w it felf finde ftill fome quirk or other, to fet them pwedJ,Zc at odds, and continue caufes fo long, luftra aliquot , I know not how fempre apitur, man y years before the caufe is heard, and when tis judged and determi- ut l0c r ul ffi p f~ ned by reafon of fome tricks and errors, it is as frelh to begin, after antiir varina ncquit twice feven years fometimes, as it was at firft;and fo they prolong time, ^cmdmin delay fuits till they have enrichecj themfelves, and beggered their cli- NoifoiC'qnifi ents. And as h Cato inveighed lfocrates Scholars, we may juftly mbit fit tiit ium tax our vvrangling Lawyers,they do confenefcere in litibus^xt fo litigious nies'tfmmfe. and bulk here on earth,that I think they will plead their clients caufes rcrecaiient. hereafter, fome of them in hell. ‘ Simlerus complains amongft the c ftcfufisT' Sttl (l ers °f the Advocates in his time,that when they Ihould make an end, pud inferos they began controverfies, and protract their caufes many years , per [wading qiias in fuam them their title is good, till their patrimonies be confumed, and that they have fmtfatrocmio (ftnt more in feeking then the thing is worth, or they (hall get by the recovery. fu» tuebmtur. So that he that goes to law as the proverb is, k holds a vvolfe by the vfuepieb.no>!' ears, or as a ^ ee P > n a ftorm runs for fhelter to a brier, if he profecute ciphcandiSy 'fid his caufe he is confumed, if he furceafe his fuit he lofeth all*, what diffe- Mokjdf cnn - rence < they had wont heretofore, faith Aufiin , to end matters, per com - f°md.mt/u' mines arbitros *, and fo in Switzerland , (we are informed by m Simlerus ,) ut Utcs in mui they had fome common arbitrators, or dayefmen in every Town, that made ffhmturfiwi- a friwdly compofition betwixt man and man, and he much wonders at maacmmoieiii- their hor.efl fimplicity, that could keep peace fo well, and end fuch great ‘tis&dfemin- cdtl f es H At 11 jFV^in Africk , they have neither Lawyers nor terea patyimma cxhaurivitur. k Liipiim nimbus tenent. 1 Hoy . m Lib. dc Helvet. repub. Iudices quocunquc pago confli- tuunt qui cimic.i afiqua tranfattione fi fieyi pofftt^ liles tollant. Ego majorum ?io(lr(rrum fmplicitatem admiror, qui fie cap- Cisgyavifflmascompofiterint>&c. n Claw’dl.i.cp.Si qu and fturb a body politick $ Tofhut up all in brief, where good govern- mentis,prudent and wife Princes, thereall things thrive and profper, Profeffor,D. peace and happinefle is in thac Land: where it is otherwife, all things are Pr ! dea ' tx: ugly to behold, incult, barbarous, uncivil, a Paradife is turned" to a K* by vvildernefs.This Illand amongft the reft,our next neighbors the French Fcelix King- 52 Democritus to the Reader • and Germans, may be a fufficient witnefTe, that in a ihort time by that crudent policy of the Romans,was brought from barbarifm-fec but what C4ar reports of us,and Tacitus of thofe old Germans, they were once as uncivil as they in Virginia, yet by planting of Colonies and good laws, a sapius.bonx . became from barbarous outlaws, a to be full of rich and populous cities, as now they arc,and mod flourifhing Kingdoms. Even fo might Sabclbcns dc yjytriftia. md thofe wild lri( 1 ) have been civilized long fince,if that order G:mama. si , * bccn heretofore taken,which now begins,of planting Colomes,&c. c smmuim j have read a b difeourfe, printed Anno 1 6 12. Difcovering the true caiifes , umbits bodia , Ireland rvas never intirely fubdued, or brought under obedience to the S 5 & Crown oftngUnd, mil,hi bcgmmngof hi, Majejl,chappy reign. Yet triftan chUu 3 veafons were throughly lcanned by a. judicious I olitician 5 1 am a- efperamcah, ,, ftA noc altogether be approved, but that it would turn to ST *" ,Tc dUhoeot of our NatiSn, to fuffer it to lye fo long watte. Yea and if b By hisMa- c tl - jve iievs fhould fee (to come neerer home') thofe rich, united Pro- g« 3 N vinces of Holland, Zealand, &c. over againft us-,thofe neat cities and po- there. pulous towns, full of moft induftrious artificers^ fo much land recove- cAs zcifhnd, \ \ c _(b nainfiillv nreferved bv thofe artificial inventi- Bcmflcr in led from the Sea, and fo painfully preferved by thofe artificial inventi- uoiiand,&c. ons f 0 wonderfully approved, as that of Bemfter in Holland, ut nihil huic d From Oaant ’ * jig invCMai in toto 0 rbe, faith Bertius the Geographer, all the to Sluccy from/* J __drk fmm nlnre rn nlare. 1 f pit? llhuic L ItU vr .. . — — c> i j luges \oZ world cannot match it, d fo many navigable chanels from place to place, scai&c. ma( j e by mens hands, &c,and on the other fide fo many thoufand acres ^usXe-cT of our fens lie drowned, our cities thin, and thofe vile, poor, and ugly to toy j Meter a- behold in refped of theirs, our trades decayed, ourftill running rivers ftoDped,and that beneficiall ufe of tranfportation,wholly negleded, fo iTJorin, ' ma ny Havens voyd of (hips and towns, fo many Parks and Forrefts for quambumrni- n i e ,r ure barren Heaths,fo many Villages depopulated,&c. I think fure tntis cultu in. r 1 J* r \ r c is. ter florentiffi- he Would finUC lOme £ault# 11 / ». j msmbiscbri- j may not deny but that this Nation of ours, doth bene audire apud ex- ImrStda ter os, is a moft noble, a moil flourifhing kingdom, by common confent id C^n of all c Geographers, Hiftorians, Politicians, tis time a velut arx, and Rit.de Nor- w j licb cmintius in Livy faid of the inhabitants of Peloponefus, maybe g u’og.Ksck'r. welapplied to us,we are teftudines tefta fud in clufi,like fo many Tortoifes h Tamhieme j n our d ie ls, fafely defended by an angry Sea,as a wall on all fides * Our intZidefh Ifland hath many fuch honorable Elogiums 5 and as a learned countrey- oM Qceanux, maa 0 f ours right well hath it, f Ever fwce the Hermans frft coming into &duo tllsium E/! m anc {jl, is country both for military matters , and all other of civility, hath been parade Id with the moft ftourijhing kingdoms of Europe, and our Chnfti- quamfortuni M ^rld,!. bleffed,a rich countrey, and one of the fortunate Iflesrand for Z-JauZ- fome things § preferred be fore other countries,for expert feamen,our la- ndv'igarunt. borious drfcoveries,art of navigation,true Merchants, they carry the bei A otus at '° away from all other Nations, "even the Portugals and Hollanders them- f a fmi'le foil, ft lvcs-, h without all. fear, faith Sot eras, furrowing the Ocean Winter and good air>&c. $ umn f r an f two ofthejr Captains, with no left valor then fortune, have fai- w^Son, led round about t hewer id. 'We have befides many particular bleffings, &c which our neighbors want, the Gofpel truly preached, ChHrch difei- IZTJlvZt pline eftablilhcd, long peace and quietneffe free from exadions, forraign arx.Botcr. f ea rs, invafions,domefticall fedinons, well manured, k fortified by Art, and D em ocr ini s' to the Reader. 5 3 and Nature ,and now moft happy in that fortunate union of England and Scotland, which our forefathers have labored to effect, and defired to fee : But in which we excel all others, a wife, learned. Religious King, another Nun/a, a fccond Augujlus, a true lofiah , moft worthy Senators,a learned Clergy, an obedient Commonalty, &c. Yet amongft many ro- fes, lome thiftles grow, lome bad weeds and enormities, which much difturb the peace of this body politick,eclipfe the honour and glory of it, fit to be rooted out, and with all fpecd to be reformed. The firft is idleneffe, by reafon of which we have many fwarms of rogues and beggers,theeves,drunkards,and difeontented perfons(whom Lycurgus in Plutarch cals morbos reipub.the boils of the commonwealth) many poor people in all our Towns, Civitatcs ignobiles , as a Poly dor e cals them, bafe built cities, inglorious, poor, fmall, rare in fight, ruinous, and thin of inhabitants. Our land is fertile we may not deny, full of all good things,and why doth it not then abound with cities,as well as Ita¬ ly, France , Germany, the Low-countreysr’becaufe their policy hath been othenvife, and we arc not fo thrifty, citcumfpeft, induftrious •, Idlenefs \s the malus of our nation. For as b Boterus juftly argues, fertility b increment. of a countrey is not enough, except Art and Induftry be joyned unto it, Urbj1, ca{ ' 9 ' according to Arifietle , riches are either natural or artificial 5 natural are good land, fair mines,&c. artificial,are manufactures, coines, &c. Many kingdoms are fertile, but thin of inhabitants,as that Dutchy of Piedmont in Italy, which Leander Albertus fo much magnifies for Corn, Wine, Fruits, &c. yet nothing neer fo populous as thofe which are more bar¬ ren .' z England, faith he ( London only excepted) hath never a populous City, c Anglia, em. and yet a \ ruitfull Countrey.\ findc 46 cities and walled towns in Alfatia, mu'^jiavi- a fmall Province in Germany, 50 caftles, an infinite number of Villages, tas mmorabi - no ground idle, no not rocky places,or tops of hils are untilled,as d Mun- eam ' jler informeth us.In c Greichgea a fmall territory on the Necker, 24 Italian hiumcHpiTa, miles over, I readc of 20 walled towns, innumerable villages, each one containing 150 houfes moft part, befides caftles and Noblemens Pala- cBp^Tf 'yiiu- ccs.I obferve in f T uringe in Dutchland (twelve miles over by their fcale) mm nun eft nu¬ ll counties, and in them 144 cities, 2000 villages, 144 towns, 250 caftles. In 5 Bavaria 34 cities, 46 town,, &c. h Portugadia interamnis, a mnnltus. fmall plot of ground hath 1460 parilhes, 130 monafteries, 200 bridges. e cbjtrms 0- Malta a barren Ifland, yeelds 20000 inhabitants.But of all the reft, I ad- mire Lues Guicciardines relations of the Low-countries. Holland hath 2 6 f Magnus cities, 400 great villages. Zeland 10 cities, 102 parilhes. Brabant 2 6 Ge £f ; e[iuS( 5 cities, 102 parilhes. Flanders 28 cities, 90 towns, 1154 villages, be- rafJ&Vet. fides Abbics,caftles,&c.The Low-countries generally have three cities - de Medina. at leaft for one of ours,and thofe far more populous and rich rand what is Lndiesin re< * the caufe,but their induftry & excellency in all maner of trades? Their each. commercc,which is maintained by a multitude of Tradefmen,fo many excellent chanels made by art, and opportune havens, to which they build their Cities: all which we have in like meafure, or at leaft may have.But their chiefeft Lodeftone which draws all maner of commerce and merchandize, which maintains their prefent eftate,is not fertility of foyl, but induftry that enricheth them,the gold mines of Peru , or Nova Hijfania 54 Democritus to the Reader. Hifpania may not compare with them.They have neither gold nor filver of their own, wine noroyl, or fcarce any corn growing in thofe united Provinces, little or no Wood, Tin, Lead, Iron, Silk, Wooll, any fluff almoft, or Mettle •, and yet Hungary, Tranftlvania , that brag of their mines,fertile England cannot compare with them.I dare boldly fay,that neither France , T arentum , Apulia,Lombardy , or any part of Italy , Valence in Spain , or that pleafant Andalufa, with their excellent fruits,Wine and Oyl, two Harvetts,no not any part of Europe is fo flourifhing, fo rich,fo populous, fo full of good fliips, of well built cities, fo abounding with all things necelfary for the ufe of man. Tis our Indies, an Epitome of China, and all by reafon of their induftry, good policy, and commerce. Induftry is a Load-ftonc to draw all good things-,that alone makes coun- a Popuh mu’- tries flourifh, cities populous, a and will enforce by reafon of much ma- titudo diiigcn. nure , which neceflarily follows, a barren foyl to be fertile and good, e.mdMfoium ' as Sheep, faith b Dion , mend a bad pafturc. Mcr. l%. c. 5 . Tell me Politicians, why is that fruitful P aloft in a, noble Greece, \aubicvij(ia- SlPh A f ia Minor, fo much decayed, and (mccrcarcaffes now) fain from buiantur opti- that they were t The ground is the fame, but the government is al- mawicons ob ter cd, the people are grown floathful,idle, their good husbandry, po- cdcw ru(l. t. licy, and induftry is decayed. Nonfatigataaut effoetahumus , as c Columella 2- cap. 1. well informs Sylvims, fednoftra ft inertia, &c. May a man believe that which Ariftotle in his politicks, Paufanias, Stephanas, Sdphianus, Gerbeli- us relate of old Greece? I find heretofore 70 Cities in Epirus overthrown by Paulas Emilias , a goodly Province in times paft, d now left defolate of good towns and almoft inhabitants. 62 Cities in Macedonia in Strabo’s time.I finde 30 in Laconia , but now fcarce fo many Villages, faith Ger- belius. If any man from Mount Taigetus fhould view the countrey round about, and lee /a* delicias, toturhes per Peloponefum difpcrfts , fo many Grdlieeiib 6. delicate and brave built cities with fuch coft and exquifite cunning, fo neatly fet out in PeloponeJus, e he fhould perceive them now ruinous c VAbiteas an( j overthrown,burnt,wafte,defolatc, and laid level with the ground, c llZs’sinfo. lncredibile difiu, &c. And as he laments, Dais taliafando 7 e mperet a la- 0) equatas,aut chrymis? Quis tarn durus aut ferrous, (To he prolecutes it) Who is he that I'lfmUejeaas can fufficiently condole and commiferate thefe mines? Where are thofe Gerbciws. 4000 cities of tAEgypt,thofe 100 cities in Crete ? Are they now come to two '?. What faith Pliny and zsElian of old Italy ? There were in former ages 11 66 cities : Rlondus and Machiavel, both grant them now nothing neer lo populous, and full of good towns as in the time of Auguftus (for now Leander Albertus can finde but 300 at moft) and if we may give cre¬ dit to' Livy , not then fo ftrong and puiftant as of old : They muftered 70 Legions in former times, which now the known world will fcarce yeeld. lexandcr built 70 cities in a Ihort fpace for his part, our Sultans and tur: quas vires Ttarks demolish twice as many,and leave all defolate. Many will not bc- hadte,&c. leeve but that our I ft and of Great Britain is now more populous then ever it was$ yet let them read Bede, Leland, and others, they (hall finde it moft flourifhed in the Saxon Heptarchy, and in the Conquerors time was far better inhabited, then at this prefent. See that Domefday- Book, and fhew me thofe thoufands of Partfhes,which arc now decayed,cities rui¬ ned d Hodic urbi- lus dcjolatur^ & magna ex parte incolis f Lib 7- Septnaginta ohm l egioms feriptee dietin' Democritus to the Reader. 55 ned, Villages depopulated, &c. The Idler the Territory is, commonly the riches it is. Parvus fed bene culttts ager. As thofe ^Athenian,Lacedae¬ monian, Arcadian, Aelian,Syc;oman, Meffenian, fyc. Common-wealths of Greece make ample proof, as thofe Imperial Cities, and free States of Germany may witneffe, thofe Cantons of Switzers, Rheti , Grifons , Wal¬ loons^ cnhorics of Tufcanie, Luke and Stwofold, Piedmont, Mantua, Venice in Italy, Ragufe , &c. That Prince therefore as, s Boterus advifeth, that will have a rich g poiit.i.i.c.% Countrey, and fair Cities, let him get good Trades, Priviledgcs, pain¬ full inhabitants, Artificers, and fuffer no rude Matter unwrought, as tin, Iron, Wool, Lead,&c. to be tranfported out of his Country. h A hFor d , ina of in part ferioufly attempted amongft us, but noteffe&ed. And becaufc cioathsfanl °* induftry of men, and multitude of Trade fo much avails to the orna- Jreffing.&c. ment and enriching of a Kingdom-, T hofe ancient ‘ Mafilians would ad- 1 ra,erMJ,M * mit no man into their city that had not fome Trade. Selym the firft Turkijh Emperor procured a thoufand good. Artificers to be brought fxomTauristo CenJlantinople.Hhc Polanders indented with Henry Duke of Anjou, their new chofen King, to bring with him an hundred Families of Artificers into Poland, fames the firft in Scotland (as k Buchanan writes) k mp.scotjib. fent for the beft Artificers he could get in Europe , and gave them great rewards to teach his Subjects their feverall Trades. Edward the third, mil, u t Loti our moft renowned King to his eternal memory, brought clothing firft abl,s ( docerm- into this lfland,tranfporting fome families of Artificers from Gaunt hi-* 7 "’ ther. How many goodly cities could I reckon up,that thrive wholly by T rade,where thoufands of Inhabitants live Angular wcl by their fingers ends: As Florence in Italy by making cloth of Gold; great CM t llan by Silke, and all curious Wroks-, Arras in Artois by thofe fair Hangings 5 many cities in Spain, many in France, Germany, have none other main- tenance,efpecially thofe within the Land . l Mecha in Arabia Petraafi ands cofm^ in a moft unfruitfull country, that wants water, amongft the Rocks (as omiLm-mlm Vertomannus deferibes it) and yet it is a moft elegant and pleafant city, mfcecundiffmo by reafon of the traffick of the Eaft and Weft. Ormus in Perfia is a moft famous Mart-Town,hath noughtelfe but the opportunity ofthe haven mb's tamcn tie* to make it flourifh. Corinth a noble city ( Lumen Greet a, Fully cals it) the ob Eye of Greece^ by realon of Cenchreas a drew all that traffick of the Ionian and try about it was curva & fuperciliofa, harlh.We may fay the fame of Athens, Acliiim, Thebes, Sparta, and moft fitum, of thofe towns in Greece. Noremberg in Germany is fited in a moft Bar¬ ren foil, yet a noble Imperial city, by the foie induftry of Artificers, and cunning Trades, they draw the riches of moft countries to them, fo ex¬ pert in Manufactures, that as Salujl long fince gave out ofthe like, Sedem animee in extremis digitis habent, their foul, or intelleclus age ns, was pla¬ ced in their fingers ends-,& fo we may fay of Baft f spire, Cambray, Franc- furt, (frc.lt is almoft incredible tofpeakwhat fome write of ^Mexico , and the Cities adjoyning to it, no place in the world at their firft difeo- very more populous, 11 CM at. Riccius the Jefuite and fome others, relate n Lib.Edit. a ofthe induftry ofthe Chinaes moft populous countreys, not a begger, or an idle perfon to be feen, and how by that means they profper and expeditUn flourifh. Sinas ‘ id Lecheus, thole excellent Ports, tiati fmftra exercent jufimam* Mor. vtop. Lib. i. z Mancifiis locuph eget #/y,that are like fo many mimmmirabi- Ulcers and Boils, and muft be cured before the Melancholy body can ^uSi ifi's beeafed. fiedsw/ujmi What Carolus Magnus ,the Chinefe, the Spaniards , the Duke of Saxony, 'and many other Hates have decreed in this cafe, reade Armfeuscap. 19. bcofmog. i. 3 . Bourns libro 8. cap. 2. oforius de Rebusge(l. Eman. lib. ii. When a coun- ^ trey is over-ftored with people, as a pafture is ofc overlaid with cattle, they had wont in former times to disburden themfelves, by fending tmcpimuiu out coLonies, or by wars, as thofe old Romans , or by employing them at home about fome publike buildings, as Bridges, Rode-waies, for fma. which thofe Romans were famous in this Illand:As Auguflus C a far did in Rome, the Spaniards in their Indian Mines,as at Potofa in Pm#, where fome poff.f/f" 30000 men are ftill at work, 6000 Furnaces ever boyling, &c. c Aque- i%)o>mesvuit duds,Bridges,Havens,thofe ftupend works of Trajan,Claudius at ( Opum, Diccle(law Therma,F minus Lacus, that Ptreum in Athens, made by Themi- Admiranda. (locles, Ampitheatrums of curious Marble, as at Verona, Civitas Philippi, and Heraclea in Thrace, thofe Appian and Flaminian wayes, prodigious f j'f works all may witnelfe; And rather then they Ihould be sidle,as thofe g vtegefiau h ^Egyptian Pharaohs, Mccns and Sefojlris did, to task their fubjc&s build unnecelfary Pyramides, Obelisks, Labyrinths, Chanels, Lakes, opificia condif. Gigantian works all, to divert them from Rebellion,Riot,Drunkennefte, ffffffffff * Quo fcilicet at ant ur,dr ne vagando laborare defuefcant. Bo’din.i.6.c.i. Another eye-fore is that want of condutt and navigable rivers,a great blemifh as k Boterus, 1 Hippolitus a foUdiis, and other Politicians hold,^^^ if it be negledted in a Common wealth. Admirable coft and charge is prmuigavit,ut beftowed^in the Low-Countries on this behalf, in the Dutchy of CMil- /^Territory of Padua in m France, Italy, China , and fo like wife about onem redds - corrivations of Waters to moiften and refrefh barren Grounds, to drean rent unde V i~ Fens, Bogs, and Moors. CMafimfa made many inward parts oif^ufoidusdif. Barbarie, and Numidia in Africk before his time incult and horrid, cu>fuju>iu ., fruitful and banable by this means. Great induftry is generally ufed all c f L f t ^ over the Eaftern Countries in this kinde, efpecially in gypt , about dem.vrb. Babylon and Damafcus, as Vertomannus and n £ U have drowned all the country, expto deftiterant, they left off; yet as the Uihcfu- fame r Diodorus writes, Ptolemy renewed the work many years after, u«seven. ant * abfolvcd it in a more opportune place. x. bi.caj>.j. That Ifimos of Corinth was like wife undertaken to be made navigable by Demetrius , by ltilius Cafar, Nero, Domitian, Herodes Atticus , to make n w. faufa. a fpeedy a paflage, and leffe dangerous, from the Ionian and .yEgean Teas*, h bdi^. >C ' h«t becaufe it could not be fo well etfeded,the Peloponefians built a wall cofm. like our Picls wall about Schmute, where Neptunes Temple ftood, and trevmfde ^ ^ ie ^ lortc ^ cut ovcr c bc iftrnos, of which Diodorus lib. 11 . Herodotus lib. 8 - Vran. Our latter writers call it Hexamilium , which Amurath the Turk :mufenai. dcmolilhcd, the Venetians anno 1453. repaired in 15 daics with 30000 men.Some,faith Acojla ,would have a paflage cut from Panama to Nom¬ bre dc Dios in America , but Thu anus & Serres the French hiftorians fpeak of a famous Aqucdud in ^wf,intended in Henry the fourths time,from the Loyr to the Seine ,and from Rodams to Loyr. The like to which, was formerly a (fayed by Domitian the Emperor, b from Arar to Moffeka , w ch ■rcat^werit a- Cowellus Vacitus fpeaks of in the 13 of his Annals, after by Char Is the bout to make great and others.Much coft hath in former times been beftowed in ei- • So om tliei nCVV . makin § or menclin g chanels of rivers,and their.paffages, (as Au- 5 S nli f m di< i b y r ) blir to m ake it navigable to Rome, to convey corn from ■■urns defer 1 ft. gypt to the city, vadum alvei tumentis effbdit faith Voptfcus , & Tyburis aSScnT ri P as extruxit ’ be cut fords, made banks, &c.)decayed havens, which bout wejjen- Claudius the Emperor with infinite pains and charges attempted at oflia , tkf/tojitT d ' as 1 havc f aid >Tbe Venetians at this day to preferve their City-,many ex- mul. Vt navi- cellent means to enrich their Territories,have been fofteredinvented in gMiamw /tmoft Provinces of Europe, as planting fome Indian plants amongft us, scptmZZ Silk-worms, c the very Mulberry leaves in the Plaines of Or W t ^ iat * P arac M e of the world, ubi femper virens laurus , drc.where is a perpetual Spring:thc longitude for fome rcafons I will conceal. Yet be it known to all men by thefeprefents,that if any honeft gentleman will fend in fo much money,as Cardan allows an Aftrologer for calling a Nativi¬ ty, he Hull be a lharer, I will acquaint him with my projeft, or if any worthy man will Hand for any temporal or fpiritual office or dignity, (for as he faid of his Archbilhoprick of Vtopia, tis fantfus ambitus, and not amide to be fought after)it mall be freely given without all intercef- fions,bribes,letters,&c.his own worth lhal be the bell fpokefman^& be¬ caufe we lhal admit ofno deputies or advoufons,if he be fufficiently qua¬ lified. 1 Hoy Vcrdmando £> air.1611 Democritus to the Reader. 61 lifted ,and as able as willing to execute the place himfelf, he fhall have prefer,t pofldhon.lt fhall be divided into 12 or 13 Provinccs,and thofe by fails,livers,rode-wayes,orfomc more eminent limits exactly bound- ed.Hach province fhall have a Metropolis , which fhall be fo placed as a center altnoft in a circumference,and the reft at equal diftances fome 12 Italian miles afunder, or thereabout, and in them fhall be fold all things neceflary for the ufe of man -Jatis horis & diehus.no market towns mar¬ kets or fairs,for they do but beggar cities (no village fhall ftand above 6,7, or 8 miles from a city ) except thofe Emporiums which are by the fea flue, gener.ul Staples, Marts, as Antwerp , Venice , Bergen of old London, crc. cities mod part fhal be fituat upon navigable rivers or lakes 5 creeks,havens,and for their form, regular, round,fquare,or long fqiiare’ “with fair, broad, and ftrait ”ftrccts,houfcs uniform, built of brick and m yi dePjari . ftonc, : 1 kc Bruges, bruxcls, Rhegium Lepidi , Berna in Switzerland,MiHan, B“mhb.i.tit. Man:ua,Crema , Catnbalu in T artary deferibed by M. Polus or that Veneti l0 - deIn fl lt - an Palm a.I wil admit very few or no fuburbs,& thofe of bafer building, SoiimHip. wals only to keep out man & horfc,except it be in fome frontier towns fodmus M:lc ‘ or by the fea fide,and thofe to be fortified' 0 after the lateft maner of for “"cation,and lire upon convenient havens,or opportune places.In C verv trlvlus i. fo built city,I will have convenient churches,and feparatc places to burv fw -, , the dead in,not in churchyards-,a citadeU *in fome,not all) to comand it, ofea«h, W &c. pmons for offenders,opportune market places of all forts, for corn,meat cartel, fuel,fflh,&c.commodious courts of Juftice, publike halsfor all focietiesjburfes,meeting places,armories/in which fhall be kept engines for quenching of fire, artillery gardens, publike walks,theaters,and fpa- if cichls fields allotted for ail gymnicks, fports,and honeft recreations,ho- * fpita s of all kindes for children,orphans,old folks,fick men, mad men nc pertcaed &bctter lcarncd ; and publick hiftoriographers as l °< mo.igft thoie ancient 1 Ptrfuns, qm in commcmmosrtfmbant quit memo- fflt , ran, dignugerehmur ,mfomed and appointed by the rtate to /egifter all toSST famous aas,& not by each inefficient fcriblcr,partialor parafitical pen- annt ^ ult -^- f"? as “ our tUB «* 1 will provide publike fchools of all kinds, fingin* T'. bvTofe ;° bc . a ,-i ^ vjiamai ccianguages,not to be taught by thofe tedious precepts ordinarily ofcd,but by ufe,example,converfa- tton,as travelers learn abroad,&nurfes teach their childrenras I wil have Comminius 7 and others all all fuch places,(o will I ordain u publike governors , fit oificeis to each U Plato J. de h Xreafurers,^diles,Qiieftors, Overfeers of pupils, widows goods, kg .M P*T ?. blikc houfes,&c.and thofe once a year to make ftruft accounts rfaS ScxpcncWo avoid as,port us, fia Trajan,)quod pride at dicere. They (hall be fubordinute to thofe SHE hghcrofficcrsiand governors of each City, which Ml not be poor ridci/aocm Trad fmen and mean Artificers,but Noblemen and Gentlemen,which Ponmmcte ‘ , > fidepce in t | 10 fe t0W ns they dwel next,at fuch fee times KSft* feafonsifor 1 fee no reafon( which * Hifpolitus complains of (that it Gotardm & “ ,, , mn diihononrable for Noblemen to govern the City , then the Tvtmsrtns. Country , «- unfeemly to dmll there non, then of old. * I will have no bogs, itrb.cap.ii-ia- r m 'viQics vaft woods, defarts, heaths, commons, but all inclofcd 5 genue fatcor ‘ d ’ u i ate d, and therefore take heed you miftake me not) for ( t } ut wh ich « common, and every mans, is no mans^hc richeft countries imfiturbes n-u ; nc l 0 fed,as E(fcx,Kcnt,mth us,&c. Spain,Italy-,and where incio- tr furts arckaft inquantity,they are heft -husbanded, as about J*r»w in quimoiim,ant , Dm jf (US [ n Syria,8cc. which are liker gardens then fields. I will capr,tjiic* A. irrc;n acre in all my Territories, not fo much as the tops SS*?- "fmountainsrwhere nature fails,it (hall be fupplied by art:“lakes and ri- b,rm p oiiot, be lef[ defolate. All common high-ways,bridges, banks, *SipUm corrivations of waters, aquedufts .chanels,publike works, building, &c. quidem feiiin- of \ b common ftock 5 curioufly maintained and kept in lepair ^ no de- ‘iZ r t*ve. populations,ingroflings, alteiations of wood, arable,but by the confent Imfitncpoiii. JV f fupetvifors that {hall be appointed for that purpofe,to fee what cemqu £ m iti- reformation ought to be had in all places,what is amiffc,how to help it, fnibls (icriiem £ t quid qtuque ferat regio, & <{hd quaqtte reenjet, ant infacun- . U nd istapteft for wood, what for corn, what for cattle, gar- SusT dens,orchards,fifhponds &c.wich a charitable divifion m every Village, m\n 2 \ns Angie -, one dominering houfe greedily to fwallow up al^which is too com- mon with us) what for Lords, - what for tenants: and becaufe they (hall z M. Cti/cw in be better incouragcd to improve fuch lands they hold, manure, plant his Survey of , f en ce, &c< t h ey (hail have long leales, a known rent, and Xfof known fine to frecthem from thofe incollcrablc cxaflions of tyranizing that country t andlords Thefe fupervifors (hall likewife appoint what quantity of S“bS land in each mannor is fit for the Lords Demefns ,' 1 what for holding of men drank Tenants, how it ought to be husbanded, water, did eat v ^ c Ma g„ et j s cc \ms, Uinyagens cognita remis , Ed °foi°66. how to be manured,tilled,retfifi cdf hie fegetes venhm illic fortieth nva, hb.t. their ap- j r y orei f x tus alibi, atqueinjuffavirefeunt Gramina, and what proportion S&Sw is fit for all callings,becaufe private profeffors are many times idiots,ill w.ntbarc kg- opprcHors^ covetous, und know not how to improve their f«l“'«, own, or elfe wholly refpeft their own, and not publike good b 6 it. My form of government lhall be Monarchical. C‘ m y^syptih *- mmquam liber t as gratior ext at, bZccoZgZm Quam fab Rege pio, &c. quod torum 3 few lawes, but thofe feverely kept,plainly put down, and in the mother £2?* tongue, that every man may underftand .Every city lhall have a peculiar rell V“ trade or privilcdge,by which it lhall be chiefly maintained: 4 and Parents ZZaZr™ fhal teach their children,one of three at leaft,bring up and inftrud them dmt&ZqZ* in the myfteries of their own trade. In each town thefe feveral tradef- acequogigni- . men lhall be fo aptly difpofed, as they {hall free the reft fro m danger or offence:Fire-trades, as Smiths,Forge-men,Brewers,Bakers,Metal-men, &c.lhall dwell apart by themfelves: Dyars, Tanners, Fel-mongers,and %■ fuch as ufc water in convenient places by themfelves: noyfomor ful- 0 fZZde£ fome forbad fmcls,as Butchers llaughter-houfes,Chandlers,curriers,in ma fp clen & remote places,&fome back lanes.Fraternities and companies,Iapprove ^£T£. of,as Merchants Burfes,Co!ledges of Druggers, Phyficians, Muficians, k Hi Ppo'-acoi~ &c. but all trades to be rated in the falc of wares, as our Clerks of the aZZtcfo market do Bakers and Brewers^Corn it felf, what fcarcity foever {hall Plato idmZf come, not to exceed fuch a price. Of fuch wares as are tranfported or d £f‘ ls > ^ brought in, k if they be necelTarv,commodious, and fuch as neerly con- ccm mans life,as corn,wood,colc,&c.& fuch provision we cannot want, i ud>us >(ltrere I will have little or no cuftom paid, no taxes * but for fuch things as are 2 °tdc P £ for pleafure,deiight, or ornament,as wine, fpice, tobacco, filk, velvet, di vettigalt&c. cloth of gold, lace,jewels,&c.a greater impoft.I will have certain lhips l f de fent out for new difeoveries every year, 1 & fome difereet men appointed mmoZZl to travel into all neighbor kingdoms by land,which {hall obferve what ut $ P“ d artificial inventions, and good laws are in other Countries, cuftomes, alterations, or ought dfe, concerning war or peace, which may tend to ros > yfum the common good. Ecclefiaftical difeipline, penes Epifcopos, fubordinate as ’ fuitur* 6/\ Democritus to the Reader. as the other No impropriations,no lay patrons of church livings, or one hST h private man,but common focieties, corporations,&c.and[thofe Reftors n ZHopicnfcs of benefices to be chofen out of the Univevfities,examined and approved cAtifidkosex- as literati in China. No Parifh to contain above a thoufand Audi- tulasSdc tors. I fit were poffible,I would have fuch priefts as fhould imitate Chrifi, &vafretra- c } iar i ca k\ e lawyers fhould love their neighbors as themfelvs, temperate Sta,® andmodelt Phyficians, Politicians contemn the world, Philofophers mum csnfmt ftoula know themlelvc?,Noblemcn live honeftly, Tradelmen leave ly- ing and cofening, Magiftrates corruption, &c. but this is unpoffible, I btssflua ant muft CT et fuch as I may.I will therefore have m of lawyers, judges, advo- nmerofiom ,- ates ohvficians,chirurgions, &c.a fet number,"and every man, ifit be poffible, to plead his own caufc, to tell that tale to the judge, which he mtobfeuriom. doth to his ad vocate,as,at /’e^in ^frick^antam^leppo, Ragufejuam quifq- 9 cauf*m dtcere tenetur. Thofe Advocate, Chirurgions and ° Phyfi- uiSroimu cians, which are allowed to be maintained out of the ‘'common treafure, Ht juam qmfc nQ p e ’ s t0 gi vcn Q r taken upon pain of lofing.their places ; or if they do, very fmall fees, and when the «'caufc is fully ended. r He that fues a- jJaquam n man fl ia n put in a pledge, which if it be proved he hath wrongfully 7ItumJ'r'c filed his adverfary,ralhly or malicioufly,he (hall forfeit,and lofe.Or elfe minus mt*f‘ before anyfuit begin, the plaintiff fliall have his complaint approved bagum, & vc ' bv a fet delegacy to that purpofc-,if it be of moment he fliall be fuffered t(icicw\Mor. before,to proceed,if otherwife they fhall determine it. All caufcs (hall be plead cd fuppreffo nomine ^the parties names concealed,if fome circum- fiances do not otherwife require Judges and other officers fhall be aptly fumunt. Botcr. difpoled in each Province, Villages, Cities, as common arbitrators to i.uc -;.de ot | icar cau f eSj an j end all controverfies, and thofe not (ingle, but three at gy Mils. I'be bis icy lead on the bench at once, to determine or give fentence and thofe again Tamil * tit.9 tQ f lt by turns or lots,and not to continue ftil in the fame office.No con- mhiS- troverfie to depend above a year,but without all delays and further ap- t,buspatmii pea i s to be fpeedily difpatched,and finally concluded in that time allot- [gd. Thefeand all other inferior Magiftrates, to be chofen f as the nS.zJct. Literati in China , or by thofe exaft fuffrages of the r Venetians , and fuch Argen. hb. 5 . a j n not p, e eligible,or capable of magiftracies,honours,offices, except moft freed- they be fufficiently u qualified for learning,maners,and that by the drift ties in Gema- approbation of deputed examinators:*firft Scholars to take place, then V- Rv: ;., { Souldiers Jot I am of Vigetius his opinions Scholar deferves better then eTpclinSinas a Souldier, becaufe Vnrn at at is funt qua former fiunt, qua vero fro uti- l l ;' : *: dee3ea ~ litateReitkib.fcrihuntur, aterna: a Souldiers work lafts for an age, a tZZopt Scholars for ever.Ifthey ^misbehave themfelves,they fhal bedepofed, fe agtif&c. ana accordingly punifhed,& whether their offices be annual 1 orother- lubvfmii wife, once a year they fhall be called in queftion, and give an account ; U Ofori.ii.'dc for men are partial and paffionate,mercilefle, covetous, corrupt,fubjeft rcb.gtf.Ema>:. to i OV e,hate, fear, favor, &c. omne fub regnogravion regnum : like Solons S ms pro” Areof Agnes, or thofe Roman Cenfors, fome fhall vifit others, and * be vi- ? e £' S J7nZ,btts afH'iuntur.fccundus honoris padus nnlitibus affignatur, fojlrmi ordinis mchmcis.Morum bominum jitdiciis i hoc exmino pi toge< m ftantly depofed, filed Democritus to the Reader. 65 treus m ted invtccm themfclves, b chcy fliall overfee that no proling officer,under b Cjtrtnj colour of authority fhal infult over his infcriors,as fo many wild beafts, <*«/*««. oppreffe,domincer,flca, grinde,or trample on,be partial or corrupt, but that there be aquabile j«j,juftice equally done,live as friends & brethren c ia>n infma- together-,and which ‘SefeUius would have and fo much defires in hjs kingdom of France, adtapafon and (met harmony 0} K:ngs,Fnnces,Nobles, fibi (ubdito$ and Plebeians fo mutually tied and involved in love, as well as Lnvs and an- authority thority, as that they never difagree, infult or mcroiich one upon another. If a- conph ny man deferve well in his office he fhal! be rewarded. c Scfelhus de ■ - quis enim virtutem ample ffitur ipf tm, premia ft tollas ? -* _ dSi quis egre. He that invents any thing for publike good in any Art or Science, writes gnma„t beat a Treati fe, d or performs any noble exploit, at home or abroad,' (hall be accordingly enriched, f honored,and preferred. I fay with Hannibal in cAd.ngi.ndM Ennius,Hoftem quiferiet ent mihi Carthaginenfis, let him be of what con- dition he will,in all offices,a&ions,he that deferves beft fhall have belt. tuntur&ec ad Tihanus in Philomus out of a charitable minde no doubt, wilht all his books were gold and filver, jewels and precious (tones, to redeem tmm out regis captives,ftt free prifoners,and relieve all poor diftreffed fouls that wan- indigent , omnia ted means-,rcligioully done, I deny not, but to what purpofeSuppofe this were fo well done, within a little after, though a man had Crafts (frvirtute pen- wealth to beftow,there would be as many more. Wherefore I will fuffer no g Bcggcrs.Rogues,Vagabonds, or idle perfons at all,that cannot give fin dcfnnfti to- an account of their lives how they h maintain themfclves: If they be im- «eumjufu potent, lame,blinde,and (ingle,they fhall be fufficiently mantained in fe- veral hofpitals, built for that purpofe^if married and infirm, paft work, vWtuurehquis or by inevitable loflc,or fome fuch like misfortune caff bchind,by diftri- bution of‘corn,houfe-rent free,annual penfions or money,they iliail be ta i es , (Uumtx . relieved,and highly rewarded for their good fcrvice they have formerly ccUntmm- done-, if able, they fhall be enforced to work. k For lfce no reafon (as ‘he laid) why an Epicure or idle drone , a rich glutton, a ujurer fhoutd live at ma gis ejfet ex - eafe, and do nothing, live in honor, in all manner of pleafures, andopprefe others, when as in the mean time a poor laborer, a fmith, a carpenter, an huf' res, cclcrnmO) bandman that hath (pent his time in continual labour, as an A(]e to carry bur - rim dens, to do the Commonwealth good, and without whom we cannot live,fhall be left in bis old age to begge or (larvc, and lead a miferable life worfe then a ju~ * NuUumyi- ment. As m all conditions fhall be tied to their task,fo none fhall be over- tired,but have their fet times of recreations and holidaies,/W«/gm! gento, regionibus put- feafts & merry meetings, even to the mcaneft artificer, or bafeft fervant, once a week to ling or dance,(though not al at oncc)or do whatfoever he ® nuttufmen- d : cus apud Shuts,nemini fano quamvis ocidis turbatusfit mendxare permittitut, omnes pro viribus laborare coguntur } caci molts tYufatUibus vcrfindis addtcuntur^foli hofpitus gaudent, qui ad labores funt inepti. Ofor. 1 . n. de •£ • gel • E- mm Heming.de reg. Cbm. I i. c. 3. Gourd. Arth. a mt. Did. defer- h Alex, ab Alex. 3. c. iz. « Sic ohm Roma Ifaac. Ponton- de his optime. AmftoU.t c.9. k Idem A-iflot. fol. f. c. S. ymofum quum foh pauperum liben eduemtur ad la- bores nobilium & divitum in voluptatibus & deheiis. 1 Qua h*c tnjufhtia ut- nobihs quifpim, out fxneratorquimhU. agitjautam&fplendtdam zntam agot,otio & deheiis, quum interim auriga, fiber, agricola , quo rejpub. came non pote/t, vitamadco miferam ducat, ut fiejor quamjumentorum fit cjus cenditioflniqua refp.qu* dat parafitis,adulatoribusi tnmum vAuptatum artificibus. generofis & otiofis tsuta mu.neta prodigit, at contra agricolis , caibonariis, Qurigis, fab'ris,&c.ni~ hilprofbUit.fedeorumabufa labore florentis atatis fame penfet & arumnis Mor. Vtop. l.i. m In Segovia nemo otiofus, nemo mendicus nifi per at at cm ant morbum opus flier e non potefi .* nulli deeft unde viClum quxiat, out quo fe excrceat. Cypr.EchoviusDclit Hifpait. NuUks Geneva otiofus,ne feptennis fucr.Paulin Hcuxricr Itinei. I fhal! 66 Democritus to the Reader. fir -c" pl ea ^ e jl‘ke “that Saccarumfeftum ,amongft the Per [tans ,thofe Satur- i lz ' Cn * M nals in Rowe, as well as his mafter. °Ifany be drunk, he fliall drink no o Simtcrii! de more wine or ftrong drink in a twelve moneth after A bankrupt fhall be p P spir?hn.o- p Catademiatus in Ampitheatro,$\ib\ikc\y fliamed, and he that cannot pay limKomce fie. his debts,if by riot or negligence he have been impoverifhed,fhal be for T^cVnot For” a twelve-month imprifoned,if in that fpace his creditors be not fatisfied, hLfamilyT**' 1 he fhall be hanged.He 'that commits facriledge fhall lofe his hands^he lhkf e Paul 1 c ^ at k ears felfe-witncfle, or is of perjury convift, fhall have his tongue [ AficdTicx. cut out,except he redeem it with his head.Murder, f adultery fliall be pu- utraq-, m.wns niflied by death,' but not theft,except it be fome more grievous offence, tidhtlTnifi' or notor i° us offendersrotherwife they fhal be condemned to the gallies, cm capite re- mines,bc his flavcs whom they offended,during their lives.I hate all he- tsfuis vu re ^hary flaves, and that duramPerfarum legem , as u Erifonius cals it or as tarn ‘pupr’ant, * Ammtanm,impendioformidatas dr abominandas leges, percjuas ob noxam -vkga viriih ei uniu; , omntspropinquitaspent, hard law that wife and children, friends ^miteunafus an ^ a H ies ftould fuffer for the fathers offence. & auricula No man fliall marry until he y be 2 5 .no woman till flie be 20. * nifia- A/frcdricxE»i l‘ ter difpenfaumfuerit. If one a die,the other party fliall not marry till fix leges ipfiv’enc- months afterjind becaufe many families are compelled to live niggard- riMartiq ; u- ly,exhauft and undone by great dowers, 1 ’ none flial be given at all,or ve- Tpmipcm non r Y littlc,and that by fupervifors rated,they that are foul flial have a grea- peuant.quim ter portion $ if fair, none at all, or very little : c howfoever not to exceed fiZTcS^' a rate as tll0 ^ e fupervifors flial think fit. And when once they come vcm aiienam to thofe years,poverty fhall hinder no man from marriage, or any other tapiunt.Mai- re fped, d but all fliall be rather inforced then hindered, e except they be l { diftnembred, orgrievoufly deformed, infirm, or vifited with fome Ego cum iUis enormous hereditary difcafc,in body or mind-in fuch cafes upon a great r?putZi“dL P a in,or mul y Arriif Aim,Ncvif mum, & alios de bac quaflione. a Alfredits, b Apud Lacones ohm vrrgines fine dote nubebant. Bo - ter ml* 3. c. c Lege cautum non it a pridem apud Venetes, ne quis Patritius dotern exccderct 150 o coion- d Bux. Synag. lud.Sic ludai. Leo Afer Africa defcript.ne fmt alitcr incontmcntes ob reipub. bonumSUt Align ft. C&c. He [lor Boethius bift. lib 1. de vet .Scotorum moribus. f Spcciofifjirm jiruenes liber is d.xbunt opeyam.Plato 5. dclcgibus. The Saxons exclude dumb blinde le¬ prous, and fuch like perfons fromall inheritance's we do fools, h Vt olirn I omani > Hijpani bodie , &c.’i Ricc'mlib . 1 ixdpA.de Sinay urn. expedit. fic Uifpani cognnt Mauyos ayma deponeye. So it is in moft Italian cities, k idem Platon . de legibus } it hath ever been immoderate vide GniLstiictyum antiq . convivaUib. 1. cap . 26. 1 Plato $,de legibin . ; of D emocritus to the Reader. 67 of it Calvin , Bucer,Zanchius, P. Martyr , becaufe by fo many grand law¬ yers, decrees of Emperors, Princes Statutes, cuftoms of Common¬ wealths,churches approbations it is permitted,&c.I wil therefore allow it.But to no private perfons,not to every man that wil,to orphans only, maids, widows, or fuch as by reafon of their age, fex, education, igno¬ rance of trading,know not otherwife how to employ it,and thofe fo ap¬ proved, not to let it out apart, but to bring their money to a m common m As bank which ihall be allowed in every city, as in Genua , Geneva, Nor cm- ^ndSe*, berg^ Venice,at. “5,6,7.not above 8 per centum, as the fupervifors,or arorii though wilt. prrfecii Ihall think fic.° And as it lhall not be lawful for each man to be an Ufurcr that will, fo fhall it not be lawful for all to take up money at tJufn 'bank ufe, not to prodigals and fpendthrifts, but to merchants, yongtradef- ot«jh»itir,a* men, fuch as ftand in need, or know honeftly how to imploy it, whofe kfaf.lfux nccelTity,caufe and condition the faid fupervifors lhall approve of. mere at. part. 2. I wil have no private monopolies,to enrich one man,and begger a mul- titude, p multiplicity of offices, of fupplying by deputies, weights and pawns, o.-take mcafures the fame throughout, and thofe rectified by the Primum mobile , and Suns motion,threcfcore miles to a degree according to obfervation, Ln*Uv«.‘ 0r 1000. Geometrical paces to amile,five foot to apace,twelve inches to a n That pro- foot,&c.& from meafures known it is an eafie matter to re&ifie weights &c.to call up all, and refolve bodies by Algebra, Stereometry. I hate chandife in- wars if they be not ad populi falutcm , upon urgent occafion, Odimtis ace ipit rent, quia femper vivit in armis. aotfenfive wars, except the caufe be very juft,I will not allow of. For I do highly magnifie that faying of Hannibal to Scipio, in 1 Livy,It had been of ufury. txhi. a blefed thing for you and us,if God had given that minde to our predecefors, that you had been content with Italyt. me with Africk. For neither Sicily, an m r.or Sardinia are worth fuch cofl and pains, fo many feets and armies, or fo ° Hoc fere many famous Captains lives. Omnia prius tentanda, fair means lhall firft be tried. f Peragit tranqmllapoteflas , guod violenta nequit. I will have them Ephcf. 'tquijji. proceed with all moderation: but hear you ,Fahius my General, not Mi - nutius,nam *qui Confilio mtitur plus hofltbus nocet , quam quifine animi rati- ritatfchnUiZ one,vinbus:And in fuch wars to abftain as much as is poffible from c de- naamfmtanc- populations, burning of towns, maflacring of infants,&c. For defenfive wars, I will have forces ftill ready at a fmall warning, by land and fea, nccomncs dent a prepared Navy,fouldiers in procincfu , & quam * Bonfinins apud Hunva- ad f e ‘ nus >fdii ros JuoswltyVirgamferream^ and money which is nervus btlh 5 /till in a bonababm& readinefie,and a lufficient revenuc,a third part as in ol d a Rome and Egypt, »b*uumjex- referved for the Common-wealth •, to avoid thofe heavy taxes and im- 'uftgMrmiz pofitions, as well to defray this charge of wars, as alfo all other publike non poffmt u fl. defalcations, expences, fees, penfions,reparations, chaft fports, feafts, omnib *s, donaries,revvards,and entertainments. All things in this nature elpecially bus&iisqui I will have maturely done,and with great ^deliberation:;^ quid y temere, bonefie imptn - dent j C ?c. p idem apud Per fas olim ? lege Brifonium. <3 idem Plato dc leg: bus. r Lib. 50 Optimum quidem fuerat earn patribus noftris mtntem a diis datum efj'c,ut vos It Alice, nos Africa imperio content; efjemus. Ncquc enim Sicilia aut Sardinia, fatis djgna prccuifunl pro tot clnffibus, &c. (Claitdian. * Tbucidides. t A depopulatione, ag/orum incendiis y & ciufmodi faff is immambus• Plato . * Hungar. dec . 1. lib. 9. u Sefillius lib. z. de yepub. Gal, valde emm eft indccorum,ubi quod pyre, ter opmionem accidit dicere^Non putardm y prefertim ft res pracavc/i potuerrit. Livius lib. 1. Dion. lib. 2. Diodorus Si¬ culus lib. z. --X pyqgit traaquiUa poicflasyQuod violent* nequiu -—— Cl Mid am y Be Hum m timer- dumnec provocandum. Pirn. Pancgyr . Trawro* I 2 nt 6S Democritus to the Reader. ne efuidrcmtfe ac tmidefiat • Sed quo fern hofres ? To profccutc the reft would require a volume. Md*m de tabella , I have been ovtrtediousm this fubjc<5t*;T could have here willingly ranged,but thefe ftraus where¬ in I am included will noc permit. ... ... From Common-wealths and cities,I will defeendto Families,which bavc as miny cor fives & : rnoleftation$ 5 as frequent difeontents as the ieu. Great affinity there is betwixt a Political and Oeconomical body^ they a Lib.i poet, differ only in magnitude and proportion of bufmefle(fo Scaliger a writes) ca h I 9* as thty have both likely the fame period,as Boain and c Fencer hold., out of Ptatofx or feven hundred years, fo many times they have the lame cPcMcco.iii.i- rndans of their vexation and overthrows*,as namcly^riot^ a common ru- f tZZ'm ine of both, riot in building,riot in profufe fpending,riot in apparel,&c. cbjhm. bfe it in What kinde foever, it produceth the fame effefts. A' Corogra- pher ofouis fpeaking obiter ofancient families,why they are fo frequent in the North, continue fo long,are lo foon cxtinguiflied in the South,and fo few • gives no other reafon but this, luxus omnia dtfipavit^ riot hath confumed all, fine cloaths and curielis buildings came into this Ifiand as he notes in his Annals, not fo many years fince*, non fine diffendto hoj- pitalitatisytothc decay ofhofpitality. Howbeit many times that word is miftaken, and under the name of bounty and hofpitahty, is fhrowded e m.ra. 6 Mk r i ot . in( j prodigality and that which is commendable in it felf wel ufed, [SuJSlt hath been millaken heretofore,is become by his abufe,the bane & utter MimckpoiicHr ruin of many a noble family.For feme men live like the nch glutton^con- mi ams no, p um j n a themfelves and their fubftance by continual feafting and invitau- frvum tempo- jufa j n Homer , keep open houfe for all comers, giving g,t ftiirabiit di- entertainment to fuch as vifit them, ^keeping a table beyond their means, fijgg; and a company ofidlefervants (though not fo freqncnt asofoldjare rum un$ &omus blown up on a fudden^ and as AFl&on was by his hounds, devoured by faults dki/us their kinfraen, friends, and multitude of followers. § It is a wonder that ZUmFmmC* Paul,is levins relates of our Northern Countreys, what an infinite deal jn omtus pcnc of meat we confume on our tables: that I may truly iay,tis not bounty, jI" *££ not hofpitality,as it is often abtffed,but riot in excefle,gluttony and pro- ditius.dcfcript. dlgality • a meer vice*,it brings in debt,want and beggery,hereditary dil- h7Tx * « eafes,confumes their fortunes,and overthrows the good temperature of ciuo'i/nn^itod their bodies.To this I might here well add their inordinate expencc in tot M & building,thofe phantaftical houfes, turrets, walks, parks, &c. gaming, jg&K: cxccftc of pleafurc,and that Prodigious riot in apparel,by which means ex LihiSiiii im- they are compelled to break up houfe, and creep into holes. ScJcUtus in V cm!u&ma- his common-wealth of gives three reafons why thePtew/tNo- gnos fumptus bility were fo frequently bankrupts : Firjl becaufe they bad jo man) law- ^V t frg ntun j c f a iti and contentions,otie upon another , which were tedious and cojlly : by mnijlupic- which means it came to pa(fc, that commonly lawyers bought them out of their rujjqy nobiiiiw pQ^^tons. odf fecond caufe tvas thtir riot 7 they lived beyond their mcans^/ia. SSfetof' Tv'ere therefore{wallowed up by merchants.{La-Nove a French writer,yeelds quodfumptuofc fjve reafons of his countrey-mcns poverty, to the fame effedfc almoft, tZonbt and thinks verily if the Gentry of France were divided into ten parts o£leZ &eight ofthem would be found much impaired, by fales, morgages, and fpendijjime ^cbts, or wholly funk in their cftates.)T^ lajl was immoderate excejje in vcptmu^&e. ^Picfr con f tim cd their revenues. How this concerns and agrees Democritus-/^ tbe Reader. 69 with our prefenc ftatc, look you.But of this elfewhere. As it is in a mans body,if either head ,hart,ftomack,liver,fpleen,or arty one part be niiiaf- fedted, all the reft fuff’er with it: fo is it with this Oeconomical body.If the head be naught,a fpendthrift,a drunkard',a whoremafter,a gamefter, how (hall the family live at eafe? 'Ipfa ft capiat [alas fervdre, pro) [us non ‘ r «"- potejl banc familiam ,.aS Detnea faid in the Comedy,fafety her fielf cannot jave it. A socd,honcft,painful man many times hath a fhrew to his wife, a fickly, d"iflioncft,flothful,foolifh,carelefle woman to his mate,a proud, peevilh flurt, aliquorith, prodigal quean, and by that means all goes to ruinc:or if they differ in nature,he is thrifty,(lie fpendsall,hc wife^he fot- tifh and foft-,what agreement can there be t’whatfriendfhip? Like that of the Thrufti and Swallow in cal applauders r and what is Poetry it felf, but as Aufiin holds, vintrn PiZ«7 g ' err or is ah ehrns dott embus propinatum?You may give that cenfure of them n In naugerio „ in general,which Sir Thomas Moore once did of Germ anus Brixius Poems °£ f T fu m particular. - vehuntur. . q L“Sit, In ratefiultitiafylvam habitant Furist. f urit i funt,a- Budaus in an Epiftle of his to Lupfetus, will have civil Law to be the tower ofwifdom-, another honours phvfick, the Quintetfence of Na¬ ture; a third tumbles them both down, andfetsup the flag of his own pecuharfcience.Your fupercilious Criticks, Grammatical triflers Note- makers, curious Antiquaries, finde out all the ruinesof wit, ineptiarum to,amongft the rubbifh of old writers; ?ProJlultis habent nifialiquid fuffct ant inventre, quod in aliorumferiptis vertant vitio, all fools with IhT™ Vtop - them that cannot find fault;theycorre& others,Scare hot in a cold caufe puzzle themfelves to finde out how many ftreetsin Rome, houfes ^ates* towers, Homers countrey, ^neas mother ,Niobes daughters,^ Sap ho pub. I licafuemt ? ovum ^prius extiter it angaMna'&c. dr alia qua dedifetnda ef- ■ c fent fare ft fares,as r Seneca holds. What clothes the Senators did wear m Rome, what lhoes,how they fat,where they went to the clofe ftool how tEptfl ‘ 16 ■ many diflies in a mefTe,what fauce;which for the prefent for an hiftorian to relate,'ac cording to Lodovic.Viyesfis very ridiculous,is to them moft (Llb - * «*/fx precious elaborate ltuir, they admired forit,and as proud,as triumphant cm ' up ' arttHm ‘ in the mean time for this difeovery, as if they had won a city or con¬ quered a province's rich as if they had found a Mine of Gold ore. W. vis author es abfurdis comment is fuis percacant & fiercer ant, one faith thev bewray and dawb a company of books and good Authors, with their abiurd Comments , eorreclorum fierquilinia c Scaliber cals them* and .rv • , Ihew their wit m cenfuring others, a company of foolifli note-makers d humble-^' 3 7 * Democritus to the Reader. - “vn.mhlc hees~ dors or beetles, inter ft er cor a utplurmmm verfantur, tluy rike overall thofe rubbifli and dunghils,and prefer a manuicript many tEdit. 7 .vi- t ;^ es beforcthe Gofpel it fclf ,'thefaurumcritic urn, before anytrcafuic, im. iw Gu- wkh their ddeat({rS) A lu legunt fie, mens codes ftc habet, with t ^ poftremA eluents, annotations,caftigauons, &c. make joo s * f Qr Selves ridiculous, and do no body good, yet if;any man dai PP rnnr .j rbev are mad, up in arms on a fudden, how many mees. a itten i n defence, how bitter inveftives, what apologies ' t* Cunt ui mint »«m.Buc I dare fay no more of,for,wnh,or agamll them, becau e am liable to their lafh.as well as others. Of theft and the reft DCCaUlC 1 , , r \ _t rr^n^rolK/ronrlndethev QTC H kind bvb.de bene finis. heraufe I am liable to their lath,as well as others, ur tncic unu ^ of our Artifts and Philofophcrs,I wil generally conclude they arc a kind of mad men as b Seneca efteems of them,to make doubts & fc-rup es > ov £ them truly, to mend old authors, but will not mend their own lives" or teach us ^tngeniafanare, memonam offtetorum wgerere, ac fide min rebus htimanis rttinere, to keep our wits in order, or rcdifie our maners. Ktmqwd tibi demens videtur , ft tftis operant impendent* ’is not he mad 1 /• * H. iws lines with Archimedes, whiles his houfe is ranfacked, and nu city befieged when the whole world is in combuftion,or we whdft om fouls went. Hor . ^ fdanger, morsfequitur, vitafugit) to fpend our time in toyes, idle Tovid.Met. queftions, and things of no worth < . Ratal tr fa- c Plutarch. A - c Lovers are mad, I think no man will deny, e^Amare jimu ja matO'flO eft A' • /•»_• _ J ....a. lutiiter Vntmfp’ ■ Th It c Lovers are mad, 1 think no man will ueny, y-y-j-- zr,ir «*"T'" hi imfclf cannot intend both at once, iEjt.ji.i9- 1 a pi on bene convemunt , nec tn unajede morantur mum (tutu. hAnliotle . Tally when he was invited to alecond marriage repuea nc cou u w y- lil lZre & fapere , be wife and love both together. Eft onus ille vsseft turn (iwj*. , / . J fin ra bies infana , Love is madnefle,a hell, an incut able diL I p r oier°e/e’df cafe • impotent cm & infanam Itbidinem { Seneca cals it, an impotent and raging lit. 1 (hall dilate this fubjedt apart, in the mean time let Lovers 5* »• num - ^sSr^SwMthe Lawyer holds it for anaxiome, mofi women arc fools. Si fc conftliL faminis wvalidum , men be they Y on § ° £ ^ fir/.ui foftidca it yOU th is mad as Elms in Tully, Stulti adolefcentuli,o\d agehtde i te de i n {enes X’c.Thcophrafies in the 107. year of his age, laid he 12K&. th e began tob wife, tum^fiipere capitM therefore lamented his depar by caring Pre- f ^ comc p 0 lace5 w here fhall we finde a wife man °£ l 0 ciuft fome. till 1 c f r ore and ten. 1 would cue more proofs, and a better /Author, but for the prefent, let one fool point at another. k New (anus yiw* dtpes- J ar( j an opinion of 1 rich men ^wealth and wifdom cannot dwell to- ^ther Mtitiampatiuntiir opes, -and they do commonly" wfatuarecor mertaiibufuni j m ^ ls befot men,and as we fee it,fools have fortune? Sapient 1 a nonwve- ammu.Tbto. > f ua viter viventium.V or befide a natural contempt of learn- n Fortuna ni - fng 1 which accompanTeTfuch kind of men,innate idleneffe,(for they will T 71 Z fa ’ take no pains)and which ? Ariftoilc obferves, ubt mens phrima, tbt mm - fj!. ' " ma fortuna, ubi phrima fortuna, ibi mens perexigua,%xtx. wealth and little offb.it. wlt a 0 commonly together: they have as much brains fome of thernm iheirhcads as in their heels befides this inbred negleft °f *«al fciences, an< j a ii Arts, which (hould cxiokn mtnum, polilh the minde, they have Democritus to the Reader. 73 moft pare Tome gullifli humor or other,by which they are led- one is an Epicure, an Atheift,a fecond agameftcr, a third a whoremafter (fit Tub- * jeds all for a Satyrift to work upon,) 5 ^ ; "" q Hie nuptarum infant amoribus^ hie puerorum , infan* ol- * r oncis mad of hawking, hunting, cocking,another of caroufin^ horfe- ft uiliones , in ' riding, (pending a fourth of building, fighting, &c. ‘ C ’' I njamt veteres flat tuts Damaftppus emendo , din demens. Vamafipprts hath an humor ofhis own, to be tallctof : ' Hdtodom the Carthaginian another.Ina word, as Scaliger concludes of chem ail, they cm hagiiunj!s are Statua tnOt fttkitUfiit very ft tucs or pillars offblly.Chufe out of “ d ,“ ,nm ' ! ‘ all ftories him that hath been moft admired,.you (hall (till bnd.mulu adlttZSt lauaenijrmlta advituperaUenemmagn.fca. , as c Boo fits of S emir amsomnes m h,c J*/® mart ales militta .triumphisfaivitiis ^ &c. tm&luxu, cade, caterifa vmtiZtctZ ant ec eft it, as li.e nad lome good, (o had lhe many bad parts. quisinfamor Alexander ,a worthy man,but inn us in his aneer,overtaken in drink • a i me .fa n d& Caflar and Seif to valiant and wife,but vain-glorious, ambitious : Fefbafun a worthy Prince,but covetous FHanmbal, as he had mighty vertues fo td,minG ^ had he many VK &c - pje themfelves to fuch imminent dangers , the maters are raging mad,in per- ZZ'L petual motion: the winds are as mad as the reft , they know not whence they lAnmmL come ^whither they would go : and thofe men are madded of all that 70 to tma ^ m h /«, for one fool at home, ,h,p fade for, p abroad. He was a mad man that £S#.*K faid m 74 Democritus to the Reader. d Cxp.d? .then, mentis. f Dipnofopbifl. lib 8. fj'ibicines mritc Capti. jLhafm.Chil. 4 . 0 . 7 * g Pr/w 30.2;;- Jana !ibido ? Hic ,ogo non furor cfijpn cfl bees mcntula de¬ mons.Mart . (p. 74 .!. ?• 1 h MlLpudla- rtm& puyro- rurn mills ju - rorcs. i Vtcr cfl infa¬ nt or hor urn. Hor. Ovid . YirfrVlin. VTPlin.hb.i6 z Tacitus 3. Anna/. , d Pi at crus is of a Ovid.7. met . £ fungi s nan homines ut 0- lim Corinthi primes vt 1 lints loci accoleefltaa flolidi &fatui fungisnati di- ce ban tit/ 3 idem , o'" alibi die ns. b Taiwan. Strade dc ba - julis ydc mar¬ mot e fdniJcuL pin e Arianus pc- riplo mans Euxini port us ejus menumt } dy* (jt Unis l. 3 • dc Bofpber. Throe to & Ian¬ nis inf ana quee ciUata in con- vivium convi- vas omnes in¬ fanta affccit. Gulicl Stttccbi- ns comment y &c . d Lcpidum po¬ em a fie mjeri- plum. e Stultitiam fimulare non potesnifi taci¬ turn t ate. {aid it, and thou peradventurc as mad to reade it. - -- - opinion all Alchcmifts are mad,out of their wits-, c Athencus faith as much of Fidlers,^* ntufarum Muficians, omnes ubicines infantum, ubt [cruel cfflant,avolat tllico mens, in comes mufick at one ear, out goes wit # 4 t another. Proud and vainglorious perfons are certainly mad, and fo aresiafcivious, lean feel their pulfes beat hither, horn mad fome of them, to let others lie with their wives, and wink at it. k To infill h in all particulars,were an Herculean task, to 1 reckon up in- [anas [Muchones, inftanos labores, infanumluxum mad labors, mad books, endeavors, cariages groffe ignorance, ridiculous anions,^abfurd oellures , wfanamgulamfnfamam vtlLrnm, infanajurgia, as Tully teims them, madneffe of villages, ftupend ftruftttcs, as thole Egyptian .Pyra¬ mids, Labyrinths and Sphinges,which a company of crowned affes ^ Zen auonem opum, vainly built,when neither the Architect nor King that made them, or to what ufe and purpose yet known,To mfift in that h V pocrifie,inconftancie,blindenelTe,rafhnefle,^«rmifewmr^,fraud, coinage, malice, anger, impudence, inmUudc^b^n^e fupa- ftition f L temporainfetla& adulatione fordida, as in Tiberius times,! bafe flattery, It upend, parafitical fawning and colloguing, &c. brawles, conflifts, defires, contentions, it would ask an expert Fefah us to anato- mife every member. Shall 1 fay ? fnptter himfelf,^^^,^,^c. do- ted-and monfter-conquering Hercules that fubdued the world,& helped others could not rcliev himfelf in this,but mad he was at laft. And vvher {hall a man walk, converfc with whom,in what Province,City,and not meet whith Senior Deliro, or Hercules Furens,Manades,zndCorybantes. Their {beeches fay no kfoP E fungis nati homines, or elfe they fetched the ir pedegree from thofc that were {truck by Sampfon with the jawbone of an affe.Or from Deucalion and Pyrrhds ftones, for b warmer ei Camus,wc are (tony hearted,and favour too much of the frock ns if they had al heard that inchanted horn of Afiolfho that Englifh Duke in Ariolo which never founded but all his auditors were mad,& for fear ready to make away themfelvs^or landed in the mad haven in the Enxine fca liDaphnis inf ana, which had a fecret quality-to> dementate, they are a company of giddy- heads, afternoon-men, it is Midfomer moon ftil,and the Dogdaics laft all the year long,they are all mad Whom (hall I then except' vlncus Huttcnus A nemo, nam, nemo omnibus hor is fapt, Nemo aa- [citur Cine vitiis, Cnmive Nemo caret, Nemo forte fuavivit contemns , Ne- mo in amore [apt,Nemo bonus , Nemo fapiens , Nemo, eft ex omnt parti bea¬ ms chr.and therefore Nicholas Nemo , or Monfieur No-body {hall go fiec, Quid veleat nemo. Nemo ref err e poteft ? But whom {hall I except in the fe- wnd place?fuch as are filent jvirfait quipauca loquitur h c no better way to avoid folly and madneffe, then by taciturnity. Whom in a third . all Senators Magiftrates-,for all fortunate men are \vife,and conquerors va¬ liant and fo are all great men, non eft bonum ludere cum dtts y they are wife v authority, good by their office and place, his licet impune peftmos c/TKforne fay)^we muu not fpeak of them, neither is it fit, permeftnt omnia prot/nus alba, 1 will not think amiffe of them. Whom next? Stoic L Sapiens Smms, and he alone is Tub jeft to no percutbat.ons, as Democritus to the Reader. 15 f Plutarch feoffs ac him ,he is not vexed with torments , or burnt with firefoi- (£ ^ ^ led by his adverfary, fold of his enemy : though he be wrinckled,fandbltnde, cruTu^Z- toothlcjfe and deformed yet he is mojl beaut / full,and like a god, a king in con- b a^usno>tU~ cat, though not worth a groat. He never dotes , never mad, never fad,drunk, Zshuafm becanfe verttte cannot be taken away,as »Zeno holds, by reafon of (Irong appre- ■* henfion, but he was mad to fay fo ^Anticyra coelo huic eft opus ant dolabra, f tc ‘ l P ams ab he had need to be bored,and fo had al his fellows,as wife as they would uLZ/fiZgT- feem to b t.Chryftppm himfclf liberally grants them to be fools as wel as fa/wxedar others, at certain times, upon fome occasions, virtiite ait per ebrie- Zf/mZfZ tatem, aut atribilarin morbu, it may be loft by drunkennefs or melancho- Mofiu t.imcn 3 ly, he may be fometimes crafed as well as the reft : ‘ adfiirnnftpiens quum pituita molefta. I fhould here except fome Cynicks, Memppus,Dio- ‘aluffffff genes,that Theban Crates • or to defcendtothefetimes,that ommfcious, c ‘Mw>ti>non only wife fraternity k of the Rofte Crojje, thofe great Theologues, Politi- g luTZten. cians,Philofophers,Phyfitians,Philologcrs,Artifts,&c.ofwhomS.£r/W- dune, nonwja- get,Albas foacchimus,Leicenbergius,and fuch divine fpirits have prophefi- cd,&made promife to the world,if at leaft there be any fuch (Hen. 1 Neu- huftus makes a doubt of it,"' Valentinus Andreas and othersjor an Elias ar- Vin “ s non Cfl ~ tifex their Theophraftian mafter-,whom though Libavius & many deride fimjLZprc- and carp at,yet fome wil have to be the" renew er of all arts cr fciences,xt- i,c »I‘ones. hpf. former of the world,& now living,for fo foh annes Mont anus Strigonienfis that great Patron of Paracelfus contends, and certainly avers ° a moft di h ‘ZZfs De¬ vine man,8c the quintefence of wifdom wherefoever he is-,for he,his fra - b,ts e P'& l0z - ternity, fricnds,&c.arc all ? betrothed to wifdom, if we may believe their i h 0i - difciples and followers.I rauft needs except Ltpfius 8c the Pope, and ex- k Fratycsfuici. punge their name ouc of the catalogue of fools. For befides that parafiti- cal teftimony of Doufi, A Sole exoriente M&otidas ufq• paludes, ksJmjndt' Nemo eft qui jufto fe aquiparare qneat. namai l!lttd Lipfius faith of himfelf, that he was * humani generis quidem padagogus mrumBabet voce & (lylo, a grand Signior,a Mafter,a T utor of us all,and for 1 3 years n °«auumar- he brags, how he fowed wifdom in the Low countries, as Ammonias ZZmmaZ- the philofopher fometimes did in Alexandria, r cum humanttate liter as & rotor. M M ~ fapientiam cumprudentia : antiftes fapientia, he (hall be Sapientu Octavos. 0 Dlvi nusiUe The Pope is more then a man, as'hisparats often make him, ademi -ZZZcpqL god, and befides his holinefle cannot erre, in Cathedra belike: and yet Ko ^oruu. ’ fome of them have been Magicians,Hcreticks, Athcifts,children,and as pZpZZdZ Platina faith of lohn 22. Etfivir literatus, mult a foliditatem & lavi tat cm jponfiti. * '" pro, feferentia egit,ftolidi & focordis vir ingenii , a fcholar futficicnt, yet q S,lus hlc ^ many things he did foolilbly, lightly.I can fay no more then in particu- tfS&T lar, but in general terms to the reft, they are all mad, their wits are eva- un ft fn5 inf anus, ' muftis & ftp ?-1 not denyu,demens de populo demat ur. My comfort is, I have more entibus&cde- f n anc } t hofe Q f exellent note. And though I be not fo right, or lo W?nfi pi IT thfcrect as I iliould be, yet not fomad, fo bad neither as thou perhaps jim } quodfe ^eft me to be. „ , ... . , , SS 4 T To conclude, this being granted,that all the world rs melancholy, or mmia. ma d, dotes, and every member of it, I have ended my task, and fuffi- zPetmius in deml iiluftrated that which I took upon me to demonltrate at hrlt.At this prefent I have no more to fay ? Bts fanam mentem Democritus, I can but wifh my felf,& them a good Phyfieian,and all of us a better minde. And although for the abovenamed reafons,I had a juft caufe to under- take this fubjedt, to point at thefe particular fpecies of dotage, that lo men might acknovvledg their imperfe&ions, and feek to reform what is amils-yet I have a more ferious intent at this time 5 and to omit al im¬ pertinent digreflions,to fay no more oi fuch as are improperly melancho- lv or metaphorically mad, lightly mad, or in difpofition, as ftupid,an- Tt T gry, drunken,ftlly,fottifti, fallen, proud,vain glorious,ridiculous, beaft- oi MdM ly,peevi CritUS d D 1 avima, 710fir0 hoc fee- ado morbus fiCfjucntiffi- mm, e Confult 98. adco no (iris D emocritus to the Reader. '77 cntus dixit: you mud confider what it is to fpeak in ones own or ano- thers perfon, an affumed habit and name *, a difference betwixt him that affedts or a&s a Princes, a Philofophers,a Magiftrates, a Fools part,and him that is fo indeed and what liberty thofe old Satyrifts have had,it is a Cento collected from others, not I, but they that fay it. g Hot.Sat, 4 . 1, i. S Dixero ft quid forte jocofius, hoc mihi juris Cum new a dabis - Take heed you miftake me not. If I do a little forget my felf, I hope you wil pardon it. And to fay truth,why fhould any man be offended,or take exceptions at it < - Licuit,femperque lie chit , Parcere per fonts, dicere devitiis. Oc> It lawful was of old, and ftill will be, ^ . , To fpeak ofvice,but let the name go free: t Sd?Z a : I hate their vices, not their perfons. If any be difpleafed, or take ought fiquifpim of- untohimfelf, let him not expoftulate or cavil with him that faid it ifo did h Erafmus excufe himfelf to D$rpius,fi parva Ucet componere magnts ) habetquodex- and fo do I but let him be angry with himfelf, that fo betrayed and opened pofiuiu cum to his own faults in applying it to himfelf : 1 If hebe guilty anddeferveit,let him amend whoever he island not be angry. He that hateth correction is a C um agadinju- foof Prov. 12. i. If he be not guilty, it concerns him not-, it is not my freeneffe of fpecch,but a guilty conscience, a gauled back of his own qui declay avit that makes him winch. ^ Sufpitionefi quiserrabit fua, » I siqmsfiZ- 'i j Et rapiet ad fe, quod erit commune omnium , ciamabit, Stulte nudabtt animt confcientiam. “mproditfu' I deny not this which I have faid favors a little of Democritus guano- am, aut certe vis ridentem dicere verum quid vet at •, one may fpeak in jeft,and yet fpeak truth. It is fomevvnat tart, I grant it acrioraorexim excitant embammata , ‘ F J- J°p- as he faid, fharp fauces increafe appetite, f »«»■• 1 Nec cibus tpfe juvat morfujraudatns aceti. mvtMnff- Objed then and cavil what thou wilt,I ward all with m Democritus buck- riati abftcrgant lcr,his medicine full falve it-,ftrike where thou wilt, and when .- Demo- hos iers De¬ tritus dixit ^Democritus will anfvver it.It was written by an idle fellow,at fffff ^ idle times, about our Saturn alt an or Dyonifan feafts,when as he faid, Wftl- n RuRicorum lum libertatipericulum ejl , fervants in old Rome had liberty to fay and do what them lift. When our country men facrificed to their goddefs n Fa- tiofis put aba - cuna, and fat tipling by their Vac tin all fires, I writ this, and publifhed ffff this ir.f e Key-vjt is neminis nihil. The time, place,perfons, and all circum- ftances apologize forme, and why may I not then be idle with others i viin.i $.c. i». fpeak my minde freely i If you deny me this liberty,upon thefe prefum- OwUMajL ptions I will take it : I fay again, I will take it. fiuntantique ° Si etuis eft etui dittum in fe inclement ins f acra r*tmu s Rxijhmavit efte, ftc extjtimet. . /« ftadtq.fc- Ifany man take exceptions, let him turn the buckle of his girdle, 1 care dent^fom. not. I owe thee nothing ( Reader) I look for no favor at thy hands, I am independent,! fear not. nueb. 7 * Democritus to the Reader. o Jr in ft. 1 . 39 , Staf. 58. p Vt enim cx ft ltd’is gaudui Jic (India ex hi- Imitate prove - niunt.Vilnius Maximo fuo epdib.8. <3 Annul. 15. r Sir Francis Bacon in his E flayer, now Vifcounc S. A lb tines. * JQuod Vro- bus Perjii £/c- y^'jLZQt virgi - ?//?// vtyec un¬ did Verfium fuijji dicit/go &c. f in¬ cur u fudity aut btimanci pmum cavit uatura. Hor. 1 Vroiquer . Plant . No, I recant, I will not,I care,I fear, I confefle my fault,acknowledg a great offence, -- -motos praflat componcrefiuclus, I have overfhot my felf, I have fpoken foolifhly,rafhly,unadvifedly,ab- furdly, I have anatomized mine own folly.And now me thinks upon a fudden I am awaked as it were out ofa dream, I have had a raving fit, a phantaftical fit, ranged up and down, in and out, I have infulted over moftkindeofmen, abufed fomc, offended others, wronged my fclf 5 and now being recovered, and perceiving mine error,cry with „ Or Undo, S eh tie we , pardon ( 0 boni) that which is paft, and I will make you a- mends in that which is to come-, I promifeyoua more foberdifeourfe in my following Trcatife. If through weakneffe, folly, paflion, p difeontent, ignorance, I have faid amiffe Jet it be forgotten and forgiven.I acknowledg that of Ta¬ citus to be true, After* faceti* tibi nimis ex vero traxere , acrem fui memo- riam relinqunntpx bitter jeft leaves a fling behind it: and as an honorable man obferves, r They fear a Satyr if s tvit, be their memories. I may juftly fufpeft the worfl 5 and though I hope I have wronged no man, yet in UHedeas words I will crave pardon, —-1 Hud] am voce extrema peto , Ne ft qua nofler dubius effudit dolor, CManeant in animo verba, fed mclior tibi Menteria nofn fubeat, hxc ir& data oblitercntur - And in my laft words this I do defire. That what in paflion I have faid, or ire, May be forgotten, and a better minde Be had of us, hereafter as you finde. I earneftly requeft every private man, as Scaliger did Cardan , not to take offence. I will conclude in his lines, St me cognitum baberes, non folum do¬ nates nobis has fecetias nofras, fed etiam indtgnum duceres, tam bumanum animum, lene ingenium, vel minimum fujpitioncm deprecari oportere. If thou kneweft my * modefly and fimplicity, thou woulds eafily pardon and forgive what is here amifs, or by thee mifconceived.If hereafter a- natomizing this furly humor, my hand flip, as an unskilful prentife I launcc too'deep.and cut through skin and al at unawares,make it fmart, or cut awry, f pardon a rude hand,an unskilfull knife, tis a moll difficult thing to keep an even tone, a perpetual tenor, and not fometimes to lafh out •, difficile eft Satyram non feribere , there be fo many obje&s to divert, inward perturbations to molcft, and the very beft may fometimes erre 5 aliquande bonus dormitat Homertis , it is impoflible not in fo much to over- flioot: - op ere ’in lon vero cavefis cdico quifquis cs, ne temere fugilles swi Authorem hujufcc operis, aut cavillatorirrideas. Imo ne vel ex aliorum cenfura tacite obloquaris (vis dicam verbo) nequid nafutulus inepte improbes,aut falfo fin- gas.Nam fi tabs reverafit, qualem pra; fe fere Junior i Democritus , feniori Democrito faltem affinis , aut ejus Genium vel tantillum fapiat •, adlum de te , cenforem * simecotn requeue delatorem a aget cconua(petulantifilenecum fit) fufflabit te in jocos, comminuet in Tales, addo etiam,& deorifui te facrificabit. nontangere Iterum moneo, ne quid cavillere, ne dum Democntum junior cm con- vie iis infames, aut ignominiofe vituperes, de tenon male fentientem, tu vJageto,ad idemaudias ab amico cordato,quod olim vulgus Abderitanum ab b Hyp- per ate, concivem bene meritum &popularem fuum Democritum, pro in- tl^Zm^fa. fano habens. Ne tu Democrite fapisfftulti autem & infant Aider it ejuf% ingmum dmiratus fm.Abderitms vero umquam non fanot ac- cufali, veutn potione ipfos pot'm egmffc diems, c Mart. 33311*/$ Eraclite fleas, mifero ficconvenit tevo, Nil nifi turpe vides, nil nifi trifle vides. Ride etiam, quantumq^ lubet,Democriteride Non nifi vana vides, non nifi flulta vides. Is fletu, hie rifu modo gaudeat, unus utrique Sit licet ufq-,labor, fit licet ufq-, dolor. Nunc opus eft (nam totus eheu jam defipic orbis) Mille Heraclitis, milleq; Democritis. Nunc opus eft (tanta eft infania) tranfeat omnis Mundus in Anticyras, gramen in Hclleborum. THE SYNOPSIS OF THE FIRST PARTITION. Their Cau- Mmpulfive ; 4 finne, concupifcence, &c. fes. Subf i. “s In difeafes confider Sell. I. Memb. I . < Or •Inftrumentall; -j intemperance, all fecond caufes,&c. 1 Of the bo- cEpidemicall; as Plague, Plica, &c. which°are ^Particular ; as Gout, Dropfie, See, Definition, Member, Divifion, L Subfett. a. pin difpofition; as all preturbationsj evil af- feftion, & c. Or Or of the head orminde. \_Subf. 3 . . *■ Adi?. - jliJl • •lofbryebM rod ’i'j i • : ["Dotage. ' Phrenfie. MadnelTe. Extafie. Habits, as J Lycanthropia, ~ ~ Chorus fandti Viti. Hydrophobia. Poffeflion or obfefllon ofDc vils. LMelancholy. See V Subf 4 . -Spirits; vitall, nstfurall, animall. - Similar; fpermatical,or flefh,bones. Melancho ly: in which confider .Equivocations, io Memb. i. ^Body ("contained as < To its ex- hath 1 & plication, a P art * 4 or digreflion M J • 1 1 \ nerves,&c. of anatomy,^ ^ containing < D jfl; rav ,i ar . braine, heart, liver, See. “ 1 Or C Subf. 4 . j rVegetall. Subf. 5 . I Soule and his faculties, as in which ( obferve 1 parts of t Subf 1. »- \ Memb. 3 . , The^ part and parties ^affefted, affeftion,&c. TkL«rf-d^,^-SnSl^3i* their feve- r Proper toSpocondriacall, or windy Vail caufes, fymp- Species, oc CK JeUncho,. Of chewhole^njes ^no- Share indefinite; as Love melancholy, the fubje* of the third L partition. Its Caufes in generall. Sett. 2 . A. Its Symptomes or fignes. Sett. 3. B. Its Proanofticks or indications. Sett. 4. 4. Its Cures; the fubjefl of the fecond Partition. * r Super¬ natural! Or A Sett, 2% Caufes of Melancholy are neither 3 Natural Synopfts of the firft Partition. As from God immediately, or by fecond caufes, Sub. i. Or from the devil immediately, with a digreflion of the na¬ ture of. fpirits and devils, Sub. a. —Or mediately by Magicians,Witches, 3. 'Primary as ftars, proved by Aphorifms,figns from Phyfiog- nomy,Metopofcopy, Cheiromancy, Subf, 14. . rOld age, temperament. Sub.*;. inmfdftom T^ arents » ' c being an hereditary difeafe, £ Sub. 6 . fNeceffary, fee » Nurfes,d’«^.r. Education, Sub. 2. Terrors, affrights. Sub. 3. Scoffs, calumnies, bitter 71 jells, Sub.Of. ? j Lofs ofliberty, fervitude, 3 imprifonment, Sub. 5. ! Poverty and want, Sub. 6 . I An heap of other acci- ! dents, death of friends, Ioffe, &c. Sub. 7. ‘ or Or CTj U n •o S l c ) U ("Evident, outward, remote, ad¬ ventitious, as. <5 Out¬ ward, or adventi¬ tious, which fare Or L neareft Alemb.'). (jSett.H. Particular to the three fpecies. Seen (In which the body works on J the mind,and this malady is I caufed by precedent difea- Contingent j fes ; as agues,pox,&c.ortem- inward, an.<* perature innate, Sub.i. tecedent, 1 Or by particular parts diftem- pered.as brain,heart,fpleenfc liver, Mefentery, Pylorus, L ftomack, «rc.«S*Ai. • I T rOfhead- Melancholy are. Sub.$. n Particular caufes Sett, z. Ale mb. 5 1 flnward Or {^Outward j Of hypo- I condriacall, * or windie melancholy are. Overall the body are, LSub/.i. Innate humor, or from diftemperature aduft. A hot braine, corrupted bloud in the braine. Exceffe of Venery, or defeft. ! Agues,or fome precedent difeafe. .Fumes arifing from the ftomack, &c. ("Heat of the Sunne immoderate, j A blow on the head. | Overmuch ufe of hot wines, fpices, garlick, ^ onions, hot baths, overmuch waking, See. Idleneffe, folitarineffe, or overmuch ftudy! vehement labour, &c. ^Palfions, perturbations, &c. Default of fplecn,belly, bowels, ftomack, me- fentery,miferiack veines,Iiver,&c. Months, or hemrods ftopr.or any other ordi¬ nary evacuation. { Thofe fix non-naturall things abufed. JLiver diftempered, Hopped, over-hot, apt to l ingender melancholy, temperature innate, c Bad diet,fuppreflion ofhemrods.&c.and fuch < evacuations, paflions, cares, See. thofe fix c- non-naturall things abufed. Neceffary Synopfis of the fir ft Partition. fSubftance r Diet of- fending in S Ncceffary caufes, as thofe fix non¬ natural things which are, Scft.zMemb.z f Bread; cotirfeandb!ack,&c. 1 Drink$ thick,, thin, fowr, &c. Water unclean, milk, oyl,vineger, wine, fpices,&c. rPartsj heads, feet, cntrals/at, bacon, b!ood>&c. Flefii 3 /Kindesi Beef > Pork > Venifion,Hares, Goats, Pigeons, l Peacocks, Fen-fowl,&c. Herbs, COf fifh; all fhell-fifh^ hard and flimy fifty &c. , Fi ^ ^?£ hcrks 5 pulfe > cabba § c ‘ m eiions 3 gariick, onions,&c. _ S L &c j Ctoots, raw fruits, hard and windy meats. s * b * Quality as^ Prc P a r in g, dreffing,fliarpfauces, fait meats,indurate.fowccd,fri- ^ l ed, broyled, or made-difties &c. { Diiorder in eating, immoderate eating, or at unfeafonable times & Subfcc. 2. Cuftomidelight, appetite, altered, &c. Retention and eya- r Coftiveneffe, hot baths, fweating, ilfues flopped, Venus in exccfle, cuation ,SubfA* 1 or in defe& 5 phlebotomy, purging, &c. * Aire 5 hot, cold, tempeftuous, dark 3 thick, foggy, mooriftiT&c. Subf. ?. I Exercife, r Unfeafonablc,cxce{five or defediveofbody or minde, folicarineffe, idkneflc 3 J Subfi. I life out of a&ion, &c. Sleep and waking, Cmfeafonable, inordinate, overmuch, overlirtle, &c. Subf.- 7. Or r~ 1 Vm o h c-> a (5 . Sorrow,caufe and fyrnptome, S«£.4.Fear,caufe and fym- ptome,S«/>.5.Shame,repulfe, difgrace,&c Sub. 6. Envy and malice. Sub. 7. Emulation, hatred, faftion defire of revenge,5»k8. Anger acaufe. Sub. 9. Difcontcnts cares, miferies, &c.S*£.io. * " “ Vehement defires,ambition,S«£. 1 i.Covetoufnefs,jvAa f - ^tfiaVjSw&.ii.LovepfpleafureSjgaming in excefs,&c S«&.i$.Defireof praife, pride, vain.glory, & c . Sub. 14! Love of learning, ftudy in exceife, with a digrefsion of the mifery of Scholars, and why the Mufes are melan¬ choly Sub. if. "1,. - -I ’ * ‘ f " *■ f Body, as ill digeftion, cruditv.winde^dry brains,hard belly .thick blood,much waking, heavineffe and palpitation of heart, leaping in many places,&c.S*Z\ i. pCommon C Fear and lorrow without a juft caufe,fufpition,jealoufie, difeontent, to all or < folttarineffe,irkfomnefie,continual cogitations^ reilleffe thoughts moft ^ vain imaginations,&c.S/^/. 2. 5 3 , « r> r P Irafcible^ Mmb i'Sett. 2. Paf- fions and perturbati¬ ons of the minde, Subfz. With ad*-I greffion of the force ^ ofimagination. 5 /^ 2 . ( and divifion of paf- I concu- Lfions into Sub» j. ^pifcible B. Symptomes of melancholy arc either Se&t. or TJ c Li moft c vain imaginations, fCeleftial influences, as T? If. cf de parts of the body heart brain liver, fpkcn,flomack,&c. 3 3 C Sanguine are merry ftill, laughing,plcafant, medicating ^ on playes>women, mufick &c. D Humours flothful > *ftance,with all /« .S.Valef.'de the faculties and powers belonging unto it *, was at firft pure,divine, per- fed, happy, s Created after God in true holineffe and right eonfneffe 5 Deo con- tmtecJS"' fr mens,free from all manner of infirmities, and put in Paradife,to know mago/fic in God, to praife and glorifie him, to do his will, Vt diis confimiles parturiat deos. f imago mundi (as an old Poet faith)to propagate the Church.But this moft noble crea- (» corpse, Dei tur e,Heu tnfhs, & lachrymofa commutatio ("one exclaims) O pitiful Exempiumque change'is fallen from that he was,and forfeited his eftate,become mife- dei rahilis homuvcio, a caftaway,a caitiff,one of the moft miferable creatures of the world,if he be confidered in his own naturc,an unrcgencrate man, h PalanteriHS . and fo much obfeured by his fall(that fome few reliques excepted'ihe is inferiour to a beaft,* Man in honor that under(landeth not,is like unto heajls • Pfal.49.10. thatperijh, fo David efteems him: a monfter by ftuflnd Metamor-^jjJ* foUa ^ A 3 phofis. Part.i.Se&.i. Difeafes ingenerall. Mcmb.i.Subf.i- z phofis, k a fox, a dog, a hog, what not < Quantum mutauus ab illo ? How k TrTf i f- muc ^ altered from chat he was-,before blciied and happy,now mifcrable perat upturn and accurled-, 1 He mnfi eat his meat inforrow,f\ ibjcft to death and all man- impndcntidca. ner of infirmities, all kinde of calamities 111 Great travel is created for all pm’furore'ie- men > an heavy yoke on the fons of Adam, from they day that they go out of onem.chryf.ii- their mothers wonth, unto that day they return to the mother of all things. f C Q tn j 5 Namely their thoughts, and fear of their hearts, and their imagination of m Ecclus 4.1. things they wait for, and the day of death. From him that fittetb in the glo- 2 j3 >4 3 f , 8 ; rious throne, to him that ftteth beneath in the earth and aflies, From him that of melancholy, is clothed in bluefilk, and weareth a Crown, to him that is clothed in ftmplo Impulfive linnen. Wrath,envy,trouble, and unquietneffe, and fear of death, and rigor, mtferyand in- an ^ a ndfuch things come to both man and beaft, but fevenfold to the un~ fimities. godly. All this befals him in this life, and peradventure eternal mifery in o fuTcadcus t ^ ie t0 COme# tegmen mmi- The impulfive caufe ofthefe miferics m man,this privation or deftru&i- i>Hsdauffit,& on 0 f Gods image,the caufe of death & difeafes,of al temporal and eter- aSSgS °al I>unifhments>was the fin of our firft pare* Adam, n in eating of the rnortahbusa- forbidden fruit, by the devils inftigation and allurement. His difobedi- opc/ 11 ^' 1 ' ence 3p rl< ^ e > ambition,intemperance, incredulity,curiofity-,from whence P Horn.y.ad proceeded original fin, and that general corruption of mankind,as from f °vn tl o h \ a f° untain flowed all bad inclinations, and.a&ual tranfgrelfions, which r Pro. cau ^ e our feveral calamities inflidl.ed.upon us for our fins. And this belike {Quod Mtm is that which our fabulous Poets have fhadowed unto us in the talc of ° b°x,whi c h being ppened through her curiofity, filled the fkriiitas&fa- world full of all manner of difeafcs.lt is not curiofity alonc,but thofe o- mS -uMmim~ t ^ ier crying fins of ours,which pull thefe ftveral plagues & miferies up- ^Hod%vu'nn- on our heads. For Vbi peccatnm, ibi procell a, as p Chryfofotn well obferves. bus mortis va-f pools by reafon of their tranfgrefion, and bccaufe of their iniquities are affli' m^qlod^tt- & ed.' Fear cometh lik ftdden defolatien, and defrit Hi on like a whirlwindc,af- inanumgenus fliHion and angui\h ,bcciu{t they did not fear God/ Arc you [haken with w/afirrob me tvars ' ?as c yP run well urgeth to Demetrius,are you molefied with dearth and peccatnm om- famine? is your health crufhcd with raging difeafes? is man kinde generally tor- nia. cypr. mented with Fpidemicall maladies? tis all for your fins , Hag. i ,9, 10. Amos 1 . per lilvifde. ler - 7-God is angry, punifheth, and threatneth, bccaufe oftheir obftina- fcmd.ujiterra cy and ftubbornneile,they will not turn unto him,// the earth be barren $ nail eat fair then for want of rain, if dry and fqualid, it yield no fruit, if your fountains be jqunas& pal- dried up,your wine, corn, and oyl blafled, if the air be corrupted, and men lidas hcybdsfic- troubled with difeafes,tis by reafon oftheir fins : whichlike the blood of A- ducat!fi turbo cr Y loud to heaven for vengeance, Lam. 5.15. That we have finned, uinirn debdi- therefore our hearts are heavy,Ifa. 59.11,12. We roar like Bears, andmourn u Mat mT ’ Doves, and want health,&c. for our fins and treffafjes. But this we can- x Phiioflr'atus not endure to hear,or to take notice offer. 2. 30. We arc fmitten in vain , lib.i.uit.Apoi- receive no cerreclion^andcap.'s. 3 -Thou hafifricken themfbut they have not amejus&fce- foi’fowed, they have refufed to receive correction, they have not returned. Pe- leraiashaptias,flilence he hath fent, but they have not turned to him, Amos 4.“ Herod %xmratw- X cou ld n0E abide folm Baptifl , nor x Domitian endure Apollonius to ipcmfccerat, tell the caufes of the plague ztFphefus, his injuftice, inceft, adultery, rmbmtmcM- and the like. fas dixit. ^ Part.nSe&.i. Difeafes in gener all. Memb. i .Su'of. i. 16. i Z. To punifh therefore this blindneffe and.obifinacy of ours,as a concomi¬ tant caufe,8 Cprincip/!l agent,is Gods juft judgement,in bringing thefe ca¬ lamities upon us, co chaftife us, I fay for our finnes, and to fiitisfie Gods, wrath. For the law requires obedience or punifhment,as you may read at lar^e, Dcut.zt. 1 5 . If they will not obey the Lord,, and keep bis Commandments arid ordinances, then all thefe cisrfesa frail come upon them. >' Car fed in the towne and in the field, &c. 1 Cuffed in the fruit of the body, mtales riiffet, had he not been vifited, he had utterly perifhed; for 1 the Lord cor- retteth him whom he loveth , even as afather doth his childe in whom he dehflj- fiafrisfrlTfr teth. If he be fafe and found on the other fide, and free from all manner fi mi P ro ^e- of infirmity & cm h Pttmch. Gratia , forma,valetudo contingat abunde » Prov. j . A. Et mttndus vied us,non deficiente crumena. And that he have grace, beauty, favour, health, l Dan s. 11, A cleanly diet, and abound in wealth. On fiat vid:~ Y et in the midft of his profperity, let him remember that caveat of Mofes, * 1 Beware that he do not forget the Lord his God-,t hat he be not puffed up, but i°g b!is bmefi- acknowledge them to be his good gifts and benefits,and *the more he hath, “ffrfrfrpf., to be more thankful , (as Agapetianus advifeth and ufe them aright, obligation an Now the inftrumental caufes of thefe our infirmities,arc as diverfe,as the ■ l fffr !eum infir- J Inftrumental caufes of onr infirmities. m Boterus de Inft. urbium. *.I._ J J w _—- 7-7 •• themfelvcs-,Stars,heavens,elements, See. And all thofe creatures infirmity therm , ^ ’ armcd againft fibers. They were indeed once whic h ^ { £ 5 h they are now many of them pernicious unto us, fin of our fi ft parent Adm, they have been changed, the earth accurfeu, fail of our hrit p , ^ four Elements, Beafts,Birds,Plants, are the mfluenc pr inch all things for the ufe of man, are Water , Z ml maU, «*»* F ,f A r. nners turned to ev1lyEcdus.39.26. Fire,and Haile,and Famine, ZdmJih ill crated f°rve»gu»ce, Ecclus.39.29. The Heavens and Dearw a j ComctS) Stars, Planets,with their great conjun&i- threaten u £ fidons>Q u art il es ,and fuch unfriendly Afpeds.The Air o ns,Eclipfes, H Tfa dc ^ nd Lightning,intemperate heat & cold,rmgh- with his M r ^ unfeafonable weatherworn which proceed dearth,fa- ty windes,te P j of Epidemical difeafes, confuming infinite my- ml " c ’ *At Cano in Egypt,every third year,(as it is related by m Bote - wandotherv jooooo.dye of the plague rand 200000. m Co^muncpU run, and 01 n f * hatth * utmo ft. How doth the Earth ternfie and op- n Ugehili.re- us wlt h terrible Earthquakes, which are moft frequent in n china,f-a- laummul. prelie us Wi „ Climes, fwallowing up fometimes fix Cities at his inundations, irruptions, flinging r.um 2596. ° nce • J?° Citics , Villages, Bridges,&c. befides fhipwracks ; whole USSt feds «e^ oVr-vLlnud wich all rh«r inhabitants m anno i4»«. 0 , ^ Holland, and many parts of the Continent drowned, as the Lake p Giraidus Z eland, not , J r cadaver a Patents cernmus freto. C ^:U by reafon of tempefts/ the Sea drowned epMb.1c.1r.10 lntne rcim , u r mmmro , all the country almoft, men and cauk m ft. How doth the F 're rage, that mercilefle Element,confum- iunin an inftant whole Citiesf Whac towne of any antiquity or nocc,hart. “8 u, " "nee, again and again, by the fhry of this mercilefle element, de- feed, ruinated, and left de folate ' In a word, tjqnis pepercitytmda mergit , aerts r« P‘h ‘«« *H™ ri ‘"P"? Bello (uperftesjabidw morboferit. Whom Fire fpares,Sea doth drowne •, whom Sea, Peftilent Ayre doth fend today. To del^^tomorepamctdafehow^irum^avatures arc at deadly fed ^eth^aftes^Howmany'noxtousSerpenKand'venciTOtBcrcatures'ready If, o&nd us With ftings,oreath,fight, 0 r quite kill usrHow many pern,emus fifties Dlanrsfgummcs,fruits, feeds,flowers, &c .could I rcckonupona fud- KTbfthcirvery fmell many oftbcm,touch,tafte,caufe feme gne- loritr if not death it felf < Some make mention of a thoufand feve- vous malady,ifnc* * ,e iflcs in rc f pe< a.The greateft enemy to man, ral P°y h Devils inftigation, is ftill ready to do mifehiefihis own ,s man, who by the and others . We are all br€thrcn 5 SSK^ [n ChXS at kaft fhould be,members of one body.fervants of one Lord, mini d*mw v Part. i. Sett. i. Difeafes ingenerall. Memb.i.Subf.i. and yet no fiend can fo torment, infult over, tyrannize, vex, as one man 5 doth another.Let me not fall therefore, (faith David^ when wars, plague, famine were offeredjinto the hands ofmen,mercilefs, and wicked men : - Fix funt homines hoc nomine digni , 0vut & Tri/i. jQuamque lupi,fav oL,Capivaccius , Donates Altomarus, Hercules de Sax onta Mercurial's, VtHorius Faventinus, Wicker, Pifo, &c. that have me¬ thodically and elaborately written of them all. Thofe of the miivk * n A Head I will briefly handle, and apart. IIK,e and Sun SEC* 5- Divifion of the difeafes of the Head. ^Hefe Difeafes of the Minde, forafmuch as they have their ? chick feat and organs in the head,which are commonly repeated amonoft the difeafes of the head which arc divers, and vary much according to their fite. For in the head,as there be feveral parts,fo there be divers grievan- ccSjWhich according to that divifion 0 f'Beurnitu , which he takes out .ofArculanus)zxt inward or outward(to omit all others which pcrtaine co Eyes &Eares 5 Noftrils,Gum$ 5 Tceth.Mouch Palace Tnnmie *»**p***tva. Wcfcl,Chops ) facc )& c. J belonging prepay c„ “■ theSn ^ rfaire ’Ii Ce>&C ' * InwJrd belon g'ngto the skins next to the Brain,called dura and pta mater,zs all head-aches, &c.or to the Ven- loTI' , tncles, CauleSjKels.Tumcles,Creeks,and parts ofit, and theirpaflions, «*!*»<•*«»* as Caro,Vertigo,Incubus, Apoplexie, Falling fteknefs. The difeafes of the Ntrves^Cratnpcs,Stupor,Convulfion,Tremor, Palftir.ox belonging to the ex- rements of the brain ,Catarrhes, Sneering, Rheumes, DifttUattons • or elfe ^ on Prate *r ,s , ‘ thofe ^ Memb,i.Subf4* t/V( t • j * - ■ ~ Lhofe that pcrtaine to the fubftance of the brain it felf> which arc con- _ ccive d Fnnfte, Lethargie, Melancholy, madnefs, weake memory. Sopor , or ZavZltU vigil dm*. Out of thcfc again I will Tingle tuch aspro- nprluheloneto the Phantafie, or Imagination, or Eeafon it felf, which 1S£*~ falls thedifeafes of the minded oms ant Rationis UU, which arc three or four in number, Frenfte,MadneJs, Melancholy,Dotage & their kindesras Hydrophobta,Lycanthropia, Chorus fan- mZirnrbi dLniaci: which I will briefly touch and point at,infifting efoeciallv in this of Melancholy, as more eminent then the reft, and that through all his kinds,caufes,fymptomcs,prognofticks,cures: As Lomcerus hath done de Apoplexia, and many other of fuch particular defeafes. Not that I finde fault with thofe which have written of this fub,c& bloud in- btlTopnmdi cenfed,Brains inflamed, dec. e Fracaftorius addes,* due time,and full age to circa intelle - this definition,to difirnguifh it from children,and will have it confirmed Impo- tency , tofepar ate it fromfuch as accidently come & go again, as by taking Hen - fof which bane,Nigbtfhede , Wine, &c. Of this fury there be divers kindcs 5 Ext a fie, which is familiar with fome perfons,as Cardan faith of himfelf,he could ^mentis Jfe- be in one when he lift • in which the Indian priefts deliver their Oracles, nationc. & the witches in Lapland, as olaus Magnus writeth, l. 3. eap. 18. Extafi omnia pradicere , anfwer all queftions in an Extafis you will ask ; what your friends do, where they are, how they fare, See. The o- ther fpecics of this fury are Enthufiafmes , Revelations , and Fifions , fo often mentioned by Gregory and Beda in their works •, Obfeflion or pof- feffion of devils. Sibylline Prophets , and Poetical Furies*, fuch as come by eating noxious Herbs, Tarantulas, flinging, See. which fome re¬ duce to this. The moft known are th e{e,Lycantbropia,Hydrophobia,Chor- ns fancti yiti. Lycanthropia,vth\c h Avicenna calls Cucubuth,othersLupinam infaniam , Lyahthropial or Wolf-madncfs,when men run howling about graves and fields in the night,and will not be perfwaded but that they are Wolves,or fome fuch beads. 8 J£,tius and h Panins call it a kindc of Melancholy, but I fhould ra- o r . ther refer it to Madnefs, as moft do. Some make a doubt of it whether hLia.fcffie. ■ there be any fuch difeafc.'Aw^r abAltomari faith,that he faw two of them i cap,9. Art. in his tim t: k Wierus tells a ftory of fuch a one at Padua 1541. that would not believe to the contrary,but that he was a Wolf.He hath another in- VxmonmXi. fiance of a Spaniard,who thought himfelf a Beared Forrefius confirms as lib much by many examples-, one among!! the reft of which he was an eye- ‘ I0 Vfitnc(s,2LtA lemaer in Ho Hand,a poor Husbandman that ftil hunted about cerebri .cap. 1 s • graves,& kept in Churchyards,of a palc,black,ugly,& fearful look.Such belike or little better,where King Pratus m daughters, that thought them- m Ht pp 0 „ ms felves kine. And Nebuchadnezzar in Darnells fome interpreters hold,was hb.de infant a. only troubled with this kindc of Madnefs.This difeafe perhaps gave oc- cafion to that bold affertion of n Pliny, fome men were turned into wolves in nDb.s.cdp.a his time , and from wolves to men again: and to that fable of P aufanias , of a man that was ten years a Wolf, & afterwards turned to his former fhape: f f to 0 Ovids tale of Lycaon,(jrc. He that is defirous to hear of this Difeafe, ^ ^ ^ ^ or more examples, let him read Auflin in his 18. book de Civ it ate Dei , 0 cnp.’y.Mivaldtts cent.^.p']. Sckenkius lib.x. Hildejhewn (picel. 2. dc tJMania. Fcreflus lib 10. de morbis cerebri, olaus Magnus, Vincentius Bellaviccnfis, 1 B Part. i.Sett. i. Dijeafes of the Minde Memb.i.Subf.4. 10 p CJp.de Man. * Ulcer at a CYWHyfitis ipfts a deft im / odica, pallidi,lingua, ficca. ’ * *** nefs,trouble,fear,grief,paflion,or perturbation of the minde,any ft commit, m manner of care, difeontent, or thought, which caufeth anguifh, dulnefs, r f us heavincls and vexation or Ipirit, any wayes oppohtetoplealure, mirth > am mi inveniet. joy, delight,caufing frowardnefs in us,or adiflike.In which equivocal & ftuunpfai.i.^ improper fenfe,we cal him melancholy,that is dull,fad,fowre,lumpilh,ill g omi 'tmpore difpofed, folitary,any way moved,or difpleafed. And from thefe Melan- sotmeeodm choly Difpofitions, 1 no man living is free, no Stoick , none fo wife,none fo Jmdmtreift happy, none fo patient,fo generous,fo godly,fo divine that can vindicate ret> five domo himfelf^fo well compofed,but more or lefs, fometime or other he feeles c f f f\f' ctur l the fmartofit. Melancholy in thisfenfe is the charader of Mortality • xaus'infloi-K * Man that is borne of a woman,is offhort continuance,and full of trouble.Zeno, tiffima tonus Cato,Socrates himfelf,whom g Ahanfo highly commends for a moderate temper, that nothing could diflurb him, but going out, and coming in, (ltd rmtibus, co/po- Socrates kept the fame ferenity of countenance, what mifery foever befell him, r f vyres Jp lbHlt ( if we may believe Plato his Difciple) was much tormented with it. aJmidms, Metellusdn whom h Valerius gives inftance of all happinefs, the mo(l fortu- umm conjpi - nate man then living,borne in that moft flourifhtng city of Rome,of noble paren - tage,a proper man ofperfon,well qualif ed,healthful, rich , honourable, a Sena- confulmdum, tour, a Conful,happy in his wife, happy in his children, &c. yet this man was not void of Melandoly, he had his fhare of forrow. 1 Polycrates Samius, TJeTm. '' that flung his ring into the fea,becaufe he would participate of difeontent B 2 with Part.i.Sed.i. ^Melancholy in Diffofttion. Memb.i.Subf.5' 12 with others, and had it miraculoufly reftored to him again fliortly after, -by a fifh taken as he angled, was not free from Melancholy difpofitons. No man can cure himfelfyhe very gods had bitter pangs,& frequent paf- iions, as their own k Poets put upon them.In general, W the heaven, fo is k Umn.ihad. Qur Lifefomettmesfatrfomettmes overcaf,tempe(luous,andJerene-, as in a rofe, 'mZuT '* timers and prickles h in the pear it (elf,a temperate fummer fomet.mes, a hard lumjic 7105 bo- winter, a drowth, and then again p leaf ant fhowers : fo is our life intermixt mdlxbnel with jeyes, hopes, fearcs, forrowes,calumnies lnvicem cedunt dolor & volup- vatiu uubibia fas, there is a fucceffion of plcafure and paine. obduatnr & 5 —„> mec f i0 J e f onte / eporum, objeuratur. In » J / r n L > rofario jlorcs Surgit amari aliquidtn ip(is flortbus angat. fpinismtir>nix- £ ven m t f je mtc lf a f laughing there is forrorv, ( as " Solomon holds .•) even in amZtuL the mid ft of all our feafting and jollity,as ° Aufiin infers in his Com. on the dojudutr. 3 tcnr 4 i. P/.i/.there is grief and difeontent. Inter de lit i as femper ali quid favi nos f tt-iTv‘c ' 5 ftrangulat, for apinteof hony thou (halt here likely find agallonofgaul, Inum funt‘ * for a dram of pleafure a pound of pain,for an inch of mirth an ell of mone 5 premia gr.it- as lviedoth an Oke, thefe miferies cncompafs our life. And usmoft abfurd & ridiculous, for any mortal man to look for a perpetual tenor of m Lucretiusi. happinefs in his life. Nothing fo profperous & pleafant, but it hath p fomc n Ptov i 4 bitternefs in it, fome complaining,forne grudgingj’tis all a mixt Extremum paffion, and like a Chequer table black and white, men, families, cities, gauitituiius ^ ave t ^ e j r f a q s & wanes,now trines, fextiles, then quartiles and oppofiti- oSuiain- ons. We are not here as thofe Angels-,celeftial powers and Bodies,Sunne quitceiebran- an( j Moone, to finilh our courfe without all offence,with fuch conftancy, ^uid to continue for fo many agesrbut fubjed to infirmities,miferics,interrupt, ceubmurquid to ffcd and tumbled up and down, carried about with every fmall blaft, uondoict^quod mo iefted and^difquietcd upon each {lender occafion, p uncertain, l°Vfukius\. brittle,andfo is all that we truft unto. 'And he that knows not this,& is not florid. Nihil arme dto endure it,is not fit to live in this world (as one condoles our imc)he gJJ knows not the condition of it, where with a reciprocally, pleafure and paine are rum divimtus /?,// united,andfucceed me another in a ring.Exi e mundo,yx thee jpne hence d T W x'u‘ib> if thou canft not brook it ;T here is no way to avoid it,but to ttfffiFthy fclf ifjS#*.’- with patience,with magnanimity,to *bppK thy felf unto ic,to fuffer af- tat is ut ctiam flidion as a good fouldicr of Chrift-, as ' Paul advifeth' conftantly to bear 2 /fS^" it. But forafmuch as fo few can embrace this good counfel of his,or ufe it jubfit quufmm ar ioht,but rather as fo many bruit beafts,give a way to their pafsion, vo- VmmTcmd luntary fubjed & precipitate themfelves into a Labyrinth of cares,woes, r lSqnudm miferies, & fuffer their fouls to be overcome by them,cannot armc them- meUts.&fciiis. f c [ ves w i c j 1 t hat patience as they ought to do, it falleth out oftentimes fim&foT- that thefe Difpofitions become Habits, and many Affetis contemned ( as u Se- lia,& fuerili- necA notes ) make a difeafe.Even as one Dijli/lation, not yet grown to cujlome, ere uudiis 7 «nt makes A cough, but continual and inveterate caufeth a confumption of the lungs: ijla qu£a , and thofe cxcrementitious humors of the third Conco&ion, Sweat, and Teare>. Weat ' Tcares. Spirit is a mod fubtile vapour,which is exprefled from the Bloud,Sc the Spirits, inftrument of the foule,to perform all his adions^a common tyc or medi¬ um betwixt the body and the foul, as fome will have it * or as 1 Paracel- a spiritalh a fourth foul of it felf. Melanfthon holds the fountain of thefe fpi- mm ~ ritsto be th t Heart, begotten there ; and afterward convayed to the Brain, they take another nature to them. Of thefe fpirits there be three kinds, according to the three principall parts. Brain , He art,Liver $ Natu- ral,Vttal, Animal. The Natural arc begotten in the Liver , and thence dif- perfed through the Veins, to perform thofe natural adions. The Vital Spirits arc made in the Heart of the Natural , which by the Arteries are tranfported to all the other parts:if thefe Spirits ceafe,then life ceafeth, as in a Syncope or Swouning. Th t Animal fpirits formed of the Vital, brought up to the Brain,and diffufed by the Nerves, to the fubordinate Members,give fenfe and motion to them all. S u b s e c. 3, Similar parts. Ontaimng parts,by reafon of their more folid fubftance, are similar P att E . either Homogeneal,ox Heterogeneal,Similar,ox Difsimilar • fo Arifotle divides them, lib . 1 .cap. 1. de hifi. Animal.Lanrenti- us cap. 20. lib. 1. Similar , or Homogeneal ., arc fuch, as if they be divided,are ftill fevered into parts of the fame nature, as water into water.Of thefe fome be Spermatiealfi ome Flejhie , or Carnal. m spermatic al are fuch as are immediately begotten of the Seed, which are Bones,Gr files,Ligaments,Membranes,Nerves, Arteries feines,Skins, Pi- Am. bers or firings. Fat. The bones are dry and hard, begotten of the thickeft of the feed, to Bones, ftrengthen and fuftainc other parts: fome fay there be 304.fomc 307. or 313. in Mans body. They have no Nerves in them, and are therefore without fenfe. A Grifile a fubftance fofterthen bone,and harder then the reft,flex¬ ible,and ferves to maintaine the parts of motion. Ligaments,axe they that tye the bones together, and other parts to the bones,with their fubferving xzndons:Membranesofact is to cover the reft. Nerves or fine ws,are Membranes without, and full of marrow within, they proceed from the Brain,& carry the Animal fpirits for fenfe & mo- tion.Of thefe fome be harder,fome fofter^the foftcr ferve the fenfcs,and there be 7. pair of them. The firft be the Optick Nerves, by which we feejthefecond move the eyesjthe third pair ferve for the tongue to tafte ; the • Part.i.Se&.i. Difsimilar farts. Memb.i-rSubf- 4 - 16 Arteries.' pulfe. yeines. the fourth pair for the tafte in the Palat *, the fife belong to the Earsjthe fixt pair is moll ample,and runs almoft over all the Bowels * the feventh pair moves the Tongue. The harder finews ferve for the motion of the inner parts, proceeding from the Marrow in the back, of whom there be thirtycombinationsjfeven of the Neck,twelve of the Brcaft,&c. Arteries are long and hollow, with a double skin to convey the vital fpirics i to difeern which the better, they fay that Vefalius the Anatomifi was wont to cut up men alive." They arife in the left fide of the heart,& obferve tle hey are principally two, from which the reft are derived, Aorta. , and Venofa * beating of the j orU i s t he root of all the other,which ferve the whole body; the other ooes to the Lungs,to fetch ayr to refrigerate the Heart. v Veins are hollow and round like pipes, arifing from the Liver, carrying bloud and natural fpirits, they feed all the parts. Ofthefe there be two chief, Vena porta, and Vena cava, from which the reft are corrivated.That Vena porta is a Vein coming from the concave of the Liver,and receiving thofe meferaical Veins, by whom he takes the Chylus from the ftomack and guts,and conveys it to the Liver.The other derives bloud from the Liver to nourilh all the other difperfed Members. T he branches of that Vena porta are the Meferaical and Hamerrhoides. The branches of the Ca¬ va are imvard or outward. Inward, fcminal or emulgent. Outward , in the head,arms,feet, &c. and have fcveral names. Fife*, Fat, Ftbra are firings,white and folid, difperfed through the whole mem- Flelh - o ber, and right,oblique, tranfvers, all which have their fcveral ufes. Fat Ymutimfvi is a fimilar part, moyft, without bloud, compofed of the raoft thick and cutificautinte- lin .£*■««*out and lower. The upper of the Hypocondries, in whofe right lide is the ^^* and Liver, the left the Spleen: From which is denominated HypocondnacalMe¬ lancholy. The fecond of the Navel and Flanks, divided from the firft by the Rim. The laft ofthe water courfe, which is again fnbdivided into three other parts.The Arabians make two parts of this Region, Epigaftri- urn, and Hypogaftrium •, upper, or lower. Epigaftrium they call Mirach , from whence comes Mirachialis Melancholia , lometimes mentioned of them. Ofthefe feveral Regions I will treat in brief apart: and firft ofthe third Region, in which the natural Organs are contained. But you that are Readers in the mean time, Suppofeyou wire now brought De animtis apleafant andprofitable (peculation, if it be conftdered q . uoMm vos aright. The parts of this Region, which prefent themfelvcs to your con- &c V sl 2 u& federation and view, are fuch as ferve to nutrition, ox generation. Thofe of utllu c °z>iitio. nutrition ferve to the firft or fecond concodfion.-as the afophagus or gullet. Region nLu- which brings meat and drink into the Stomack. The Ventricle or Stomack’ wl Organs!"' which is feated in the midft of that part of the belly beneath the Midriffe, the kitchin (as it were^ ofthe firft conco&ion, and which turns our meat into Chylus-. It hath two mouthes,one above,another beneath. The upper is fometimes taken for the ftomack it felf •, the lower and nether door (as Weckcr calls it)is named Pylorus. This ftomack is fuftained by a large Kell or Kaull, called Omentum which fome will have the fame with Peritone¬ um,ox Rim of the belly.From the Stomack to the very fundament, are pro¬ duced the Guts, or Inteftina, which ferve a little to alter and diftribute the Chylus, and convey away the excrements.Thcy arc divided into fmall and • great,by reafon of their fite and fubftance, (lender or thickerrthe (lender isDuodenum,ox whole gut,w ch is next to the ftomack,fomc twelve inches long,' {ahh r Pufchius .)lejunum or emptygut,continuate totheother,which Ctikixap i*„ hath many Meferaick veines annexed to it,which take part of the Chylus to ie{l - *- the Liver ffomit.///w the third,which confifts of many crinckles, which ferves with the reft to receive, keep, and diftribute the chylus from the ftomack. The thick guts are three,the Blinde gut,Colon,and Right gut. The blinde is a thick & fliort gut, having one mouth,in which the I lion and Co¬ lon meet:it receives the excrements,and conveyes them to the Colon. This Colon hath many windings,that the excrements pafs not away too faftrthe Right gut is ftraight,and conveys the excrements to thefundament,vt\\o(t lower part is bound up with certain Mufcles, called Sphintteres, that theex. crcments may be the better contained,until fuch time a man be willing to part.i.Sc&.i. Anatomy of the Body. Mcmb.2.Subf.4 18 ftool. In themidft of thefe giitsTfituawd chc Mefenterum or \tidriffe compofed of many veins, Arteries,& much fat,ferving chiefly to fuftain the guts. All thefe parts ferve the firft concodhon. To the fecond, which is bufied either in refining the good nourifhment, or expelling t bad,is chiefly belonging to the liver,likem colour to congealed bloud,the fliop of bloud, fituate in the right Hypocondry , in figure like toanhalfc Moone Generofum membrum, , Melantthon ftilcs it, a generous part ; it ferves to turne the Chylus to bloud,for the nouriftiment of the Body. The excre¬ ments of it are either Cholerick orW^,which the other ^ordinate parts convev The Gall placed in the concave of the ZiW,extracts Cholerto it: die Splun MeuJboly^hich is fituate on the left fide,over againft the Li¬ ver alpuney matter,that drawes this black Choler to it by a fecret venue, and feeds upon it,conveying the reft to the bottom of the ftomack,to ftir up appetite, or elfe to the guts as an excrement.That watery matter the twoKidnics expurgate,by thofe emulgent vemes,and Freteres.The emul- oent draw this fuperfluous moifture from the bloud- the two Frcures convev it to the Bladder, which by reafon of his fite in the lower belly >is apt to receive it, having two parts, ncckc and bottom: the bottom holds the water, the necke is conftringed with a mufcle,which as a Por ter, keeps the water from running out againft our will. Members of generation are common to both fexes,or peculiar to one$ which becaufe they are impertinent to my purpofe,I do voluntarily omit. Next in order is the middle Regional cheft,which comprehends the vital faculties & parts:which(as I have faid'lis feparated from the lower belly, bv the Diaphragm a or Midrife,vthich is a skin confifting of many nerves, membranes*, and amongft other ufes it hath,is the inftrument of laughing. There is alfo a certain thin membrane,full of finews,which covercth the whole cheft within,and is called Pleura,the feat of the difeafe called Piet*, rifie, when it is inflamedjfome adde a third skin.which is termed Mediajh- i,which divides the cheft into two parts,right & lcft:of this region the principal part is the Heart, which is the feat and fountain of life,of heat, of fpirits,of pulfc and refpiration * the Sun ef our Body,the King and foie commander of it:the feat and Organ of all paflions and affection s.Primum vivensMlumum mortens, it lives firft,and dies laft in all creatures.Of a py- ramidical forme,and not much unlike to a Pine-apple *, a part worthy of admiration,that can yeild fuch variety of affetfions, by whofe motion it t n*c res c(t.. is dilate d or contr2Ccording to ? Ariftotle, the Soul is defined to be tvltM'xti* t per- p emiiaXtl . ^ A feci to & aclus primus corporis Organici, vitam habentis in potent i a: the perfedion or firft ad of an Organical body, having power z Sca!ie ’£»!3> 0 fiif CiW hi c h mo ft x philofophers approve.But many doubts a- ?o 7 . rlut.lf rife about the EffenceySubjeHySeat^DiJlwHionyZnd fubordinate faculties of HtJeama. / part.i.Scd.i. Anatom) of the Soul. Memb.a.Subf.j* 20 it.For the Eflence and particular knowledge,of all other things it is mod hardf.be it of Man or Bead, to difcerne, as *Anftotle himfelf, 1 ’ Tally, c Picus amma ' Mirandula, d Tolet , and other Neoterick Philofophers confels. c We can un- bTufcur-qii */2. derft and all things by her,but what Jheis we cannot apprehend. Some therefore C r L aiGmtc. make one Soul ,divided into three principal faculties; others,three diftind \l P ag!iu6. Soules. Which qneftion of late hath been much controverted by Picol- d Anjiot. ( onnneU t, and Zabarel. l Paracelfus will have four Soules, adding to the three granted faculties, a Spiritual Soul which opinion of his, Campanula in his tamm qua jit book dc * Senfu rerum, much labours to demonftrate and prove, becaufe ^vaiemiT Carkaffcs bleed at the fight of the murderer*, with many fuch arguments: Tspi Juaim And s fome again,one foul of all Creatures whatfoever, differing only in animamareh- Qrgans;& that beafts have reafon as well as men,though ror fome defed Vum,Smbi of Organs,not in fuch meafure.Others make a doubt, whether it be all in (ndaveremh*- a ll 5 and all in every part:,which is amply difeuflfed in Zabarel amongft the rmt impcr «k- red-The h common divifion of the So#/, is into three principal! faculties, quotuatfes.' Vegetal , Senfttive, and Rational,- which make three diftind kinde of living * ijb.}.atp.3i Crcmxcs-.Fegetal Plants, Senfible Beafts, RationalMcn. How thefc three f j' vp£>cl. principal faculties are diftinguiflied and conneded, Humane mgenio mac- in Gniio upf. C e(fum videtur.js beyond humane capacity, as 'Taurcllw,Philip,Flavius & MiMde’tifu others fuppofe.The inferiour may be alone,but the fuperiour cannot fub- fift without the other *, fo Senfible includes Vegetal , Rational both*, which vet oes, cam. are contained in it ( faith Artftotle) ut trigonus mtetragono, as a Triangle pancUa,&c- . , . h Tbibp.de,. in a Quadrangle. mma. ca.t.efr- yegctal , the firft of the three diftind faculties,is defined to be a fubftanti - 'cap yPhoartb. *1 6 f an organical body , by which it is murifhed , augmented , and begets an - de'piacit.phiiof. other like unto it felf. In which definition, three fcveral operations are fpe- i ve vit. & c \fcd,Altrix,Auttrix, Procreatrix *,thc firft is k Nutrition, whofe objedis nouriftimcnt,meat,drink,and the likc*,his OrgantheLiver in fenfible crea- et mon.tc^p- curesftn Plants,the root or fap. His office it to turne the nutriment into the 'sllfctt T fubftance of the body nouri(hed,which he performes by natural hcat.This k rntritioeft nutritive operation hath four other fubordinate fundions, or powers be- dimenutranf- j on gi n g to it, Attrattion,Retention,Digeftien, Expulfion.'Attr attic# isa mini- mturdtsMai. firing facultie,which as a Loadftone doth Iron, drawes meat into the fio- cxerc. xoi. m ack,or as a lamp doth oylc*,and this attradive power is very neceftary Au'raftion. in Plants,whieh luck up moifture by the root,as another mouth, into the /Sec more of f a p^ as alike ftomack. Retention keeps it,being attraded unto the ftomack, scal ""j. untill fuch time it be concoded*,for ifit fhould pafs away ftraight,the bo- Rnemion. dy could not be nouriftied. Digeflion is performed by natural heat-, for as the flame of a torch confumes oyle,wax,tallow:fo doth it alter and digeft the nutritive matter.Indigeftion is oppofitc unto it, for want of natural heat.Of this Digeftion there be three differences. Maturation , Elixatton , A fat ion. Maturation, is efpecially obferved in the fruits of trees: which are then faid to be ripe, when the feeds arc fit to be fowne again. Cruditie is oppofed to it,which Gluttons, Epicures,and idle perfons are moft fubjed unto, that ufe no exercife to ftir up natural heat, or elfe choke it, as too much wood puts out a fire. Elixatton is the feething of meat in the ftom¬ ack,by the faid natural heat,as meat is boyled in a pot; to which corrupti¬ on or putrefadioH is oppofite, Aft at ton is a concodion ofthe inward moi- ' fture Digeftion. Maturation* Elixation. /'.ftinion. Parc. i. Sett. i. Anatom) of the Soul. Memb.z.Subf.5. fture by heat •, his oppofite is Semiuftulation. Befides thefe three fcvcral ' 21 operations of Digeftton, there is a fourfold order ofconcodion: Majlicati- on y or chewing in the rnouih-,Chilification of this fo chewed meat in the co A ion f®ur« ftomack* the third is in the Liver jlq turne this Chylus into bloud, called ^[ d * uIfio „ Sanguification ; the laft is Afimulation^ which is in every part. Expujion is a ^ power of Nutrition, by which it expels all fuperfluous excrements, and reliques of meat and drink, by the guts, bladder, pores5as by purging, vomiting,fpitting,fvveating,urine,haires, nailes,&c. As this Nutritive facultie ferves to nourifh the oody,fo doth th cAugmen- A ting facultie (the fecund operation or power ofthe Vegetal facultie ) to the on u8mentitl " increafing of it in quantity, according to all Dimeniions, iong, broad, thick,and to make it grow till it come to his due proportion and perfed (hape: which hath his period of augmentation, as of confumption : aad that moft certaine,as the Poet obferves .* St at fua caique dies,breve & irreparabile tempus Omnibus eft vita ,- 1 — A terme of life is fet to every man* Which is buc fhorc,and pafs it no one can. The laft of thefe Vegetal faculties is Generation^hxch. begets another by Generation meanes of feed,like unto it felf,toxhe perpetual prefervation ofthe Species. To this faculty they aferibexhree fubordinate opcrationsrThefirftto turne nourishment into fced,&c. Neceflary concomitants or affedions of this Vegetalfacultie , are life, & J' 0 i n f ^ n ‘ J . <,eath his privation,death.To the prefervation of life the natural heat is moft re- ofi*e vi^j 3 uifite,though ficcity and humidity,and thofe firft qualities,be not exclu- facuItie *- ed.This heat is likewife in Plants,as appeares by their increafing,frudi- fying,&c.though not fo eafily perceived.In all bodies it rauft have radi- m vita call" moifture to preftrve it, that it be not confumcdjto which prefetva- •ff'V ” ca/iJt tion our clime,country ,temperaturc, and the good or bad ufc of thofe fix & “**“**' non-natural things availe much- For as this natural heat and moifture de- caycs,fo doth our life it felfe: and if not prevented before by fome vio¬ lent accident,or interrupted through our own default,is in the end dryed up by old age, and extinguilhed by death for want of matter, as a Lampc for defedof oyl to maintain it. .. :• • ' V * S U B S K C. 6 . Ofthefenftble Soul . Ext in order is the Senfible Faculty , which is as far beyond the other in dignity,as a Beaft is preferred to a Plant, ha¬ ving thofe Vegetal powers included in it. Tis defined an of an organtcal body by which it lives, hath fenfe , appetite^ judgment, breath and motion. His objed ingcnc- . ra ^ is a fenfible or paffible quality, becaufe the fenfe is affected with it. The general Organ is the Brain, from which principal¬ ly the fenfible operations are derived. This Senfible Soul is divided into two parts. Apprehending or Moving. By the Apprehenfive power we per¬ ceive the Species of fenfible things prefent, or abfent, and rccaine them C 3 u Part. i. Sett. i. Anatomy of the Soul . Memb.2.Subf.6 ,, „ WJxe doth the print of a feale. By the Mvn&theBody is outwardly _-— carried from one place to anothertor inwardly moved by (pines & pulfe. Th'Apprehenfae faculty is fubdivided into two parts,Warifing from a mixt body refolved, whirh Pave. i.Sett. i. Anatom*} of the Soul. Memb.a.Subf.7. which whether it be a quality,fume,vapour, or exhalation, I will not now 2 3 difpute, or of their differences, and how they are caufed. This fenfc is an - Organ of health, as Sight and Hearing,faith c Agellius, are of difcipline; f Lib. 19. cap. x. and that by avoiding bad fmels,as by choofing good,which do as much alter and atfettthe body many times,as Diet it fclf. Tafle, a necelTary fen (c,which perceives all favours by the Tongue and Palat, tftid that by meanes of a thin jpttle , or watery juice. His Organ is the Tongue with his tailing nervcsjthc Medium ,a watery juice *, the objett Tafe, or fa* vor, which is a quality in the juice, arifing from the mixture of things tailed. Some make eight fpecies or kindes of favour,bitter, fweet, lharp, fait, &c. all which lick men fas in an aguc)cannot difeerne, by reafon of their organs mifaffetted. Touchy the laft of the fenfes, and moll ignoble, yet of as great necelfity Touching, as the other, and of as much pleafurc. This fenfe is exquilite in men, and by his Nerves difperfed all over the body, perceives any tattile quality. His Organ, the Nerves-Jiis object thofe firft qualities, hot, dry,moilt,cold; and thole that follow them,hard,foft, thick,thin,&c.Many delightfomc queltions are moved by Philofophers about thefc five fenfes 5 their Or* gans, Objetts,Mediums,which for brevity I omit. S u B S E O 7 * Of the Inward Senfes, \Nncr Senfes arc three in number, fo calLed,bccaufe they be Common ; within the brain-pan, as Common Sen/e , Phantafte, Memory . fenft - Their objetts are not only things prefent, but they perceive the fenfible fpecies of things to Come , Paft , Abfent, fuch as were before in the fenfe. This Common fenfe is the Judge or Moderator of the reft, by whom we difeerne all differences of objetts; for by mine eye I do not know that I fee, or by mine care that I hear, but by my Common fenfe, who judgeth of Sounds and Colours: they are but the Organs to bring the Species to be cenlured * fo that all their objetts are his, and all their offices are his : The fore-part of the Brain ishis Organ or feat. phantafie , or Imagination, which fome call JEflimative, or Cogitative, Phantafie. ( confirmed, faith ' Fernelins, by frequent meditation ) is an inner fenfe tPbift.ic.fi. whith doth more fully examine the fpecies perceived by Common fenfe, of things prefent or abfent,and keeps them longer, recalling rhem to minde again^or making new of his own.ln time of lleep this faculty is free, and many times conceives llrangc, ftupend, abfurd fliarpes,as in lick men we commonly oblerve.His organ is the middle cell of the Brain •, his objects all the Species communicated to him by the Common fenfe, by compari- fon of which he faines infinite other unto himfelf. In Melancholy men this faculty is moll powerful andllrong, and often hurts, producing many monllrous and prodigious things, efpccially ifitbeftirred up by fomc terrible objett,prefented to it from Common fenfe,or Memory.In Poets and Painters Imagination forcibly workes,as appears by their fcveral Fittions, Anticks,Images:as Ovids houfe of lleep ,Pfyches palace in Apuleius,8cc- In men Part. i.Sett. i. t^A natomy of the Body. Memb.2.SubfA 24 Memory. Affc&ions of the fenfes, fleep, and waking, u Exmit. z8o. Appetite. *T. VV.Je- fuite in his Paflions of the Minde. y Velcmo. men it is fubjett and governed by Reafon , or at leaft fliould be • but in brutes it hath no fuperiour,and is ratio brntorum, all the reafon they have. Memory layes up all the fpecies which the fenfes have broughc in,and re¬ cords them as agood Regijler^hat they may be forth-coming when they are called for by Phantafie andReafon.His objett is the fame with Phanta¬ fie , his feat and Organ the back part of the brain. The affettions ofthefe fenfes,are Sleepe and Wakings ommon to all fen- fible creatures. Sleep isarefl or binding of the outward Senfes,and of the com¬ mon fenfe for the prefervation of Body and Sonl,{ as u Scaliger defines it ) For when the common fenfe refteth, the outward fenfes reft alfo. The Phan¬ tafie alone is free, and his commander,Reafon.-as appe 'res by thofe ima- ginarie Dreames, which are of divers kinds. Natural , Divine , D&moniacad &c. which vary according to humors, diet, attions,objetts,&c. of which, Artemidorus , Cardanus, and Sambucus, with their feveral Interpretators, have written great volumes.This ligation of fenfes,proceeds from an in¬ hibition of fpirits, the way being flopped by which they fliould come* this flopping is caufed of vapours arifing out of the ftomack, filling the Nerves, by which the fpirits fliould be conveyed. When thefe vapours are fpent, the paffage is open, and the fpirits performe their accuftomed duties 5 fo that Waking is the action and motion of the Senfes^ which the Spi¬ rits difperfed over all parts, catife. S u B S E C. . 8 . of the CWoving faculty. His Moving Faculty , is the other power of the Senfitive Soul, which caufech all thofe Inward and Outward ani¬ mal motions in the body . It is divided into two faculties, the power of Appetite, and of moving from place to place. This of appetite is thrcefold,fo fome will have it ^Natu¬ ral, as it fignifies any fuch inclination,as of a ftone to fall downward, and fuch attions as Retention, Expulfon , which depend not of fenfe, but are Vegetal , as the Appetite of meat and drink •, hunger and third. Senfitive is common to men and brutes. Vo¬ luntary,the third,orintellettive,which commands the other two in men, and is a curb unto them,or at leaft fliould be*, but for the moft part is cap¬ tivated and over-ruled by them : and men are led like beads by fenfe, gi« ving reines to their concupifcence and feveral lulls. For by this Appe¬ tite the foul is led or inclined to follow that good which the Senfes (hall approve,or avoid that which they hold evil: his objett being good or evil, the one he imbraceth,thc other he rcjcttethraccording to that A- phorifme, Omnia appetunt bonum, all things feek their own good, or at lead feeming good. This power is infeparablc from fenfe 5 for where fenfe is, there is likewife pleafure and pain.His Organ is the fame with the Common fenfe, and is divided into two powers, or inclinations, Concupi- fcible or Irafcible: or ( as 51 one tranflates it) Coveting, Anger invading , or Impugning. Coneupifcible covets alwayes pleafant and delightforae things, and abhorres that which is aiftaftful, harfli and unpleafant. Iraf- rible , y quafi aver fans per iram & odium , as avoiding it with anger and in¬ dignation. Parc.r.Se&.i. Anatom) oft he Soul. Memb.2.Subf.8 dignation. All affedtions and perturbations arife out of thefe two foun- 2? taines, which although the St01 ekes make light of, we hold natural, and not to be refilled. The good affe&ions are caufed by lome object of the fame nature-, And if prefent,they procure joy, which dilates the heart,& preferves the body.-ifabfent,they caufe Hope,Love,Defire, and Concu- pifccnce. The Bad are Simple or mixt: Simple for fome bad objedt pre- fent,as forrow, which contradis the Heart, macerates the Soule,fubverts the good eftate of the Body, hindering all the operations oftt, caufing Melancholy, and many times death it felfror futurc,as Fear. Out of thefe two arife thofe mixt attedtions and paflions of Anger, which is a defirc of revenge-. Hatred, which is inveterate ange r -,Zeal,which is offended wich him who hurts that he loves;and compound affedion of Joy and Hate, when we rejoyce at other mens mifehief, and are grieved at their profperity^Pride,Self-love,Emulation,Envie,Shame, &c.of which elfewhere. Moving from place to place , is a faculty neceflarily following the other. For in vaine were it otherwife to defire and to abhor, if we had not like- wife power to profecuteor efehue, by moving the body from place to place : By this faculty therefore we locally move the body, or any part of it, and go from one place to another. To the better performance of which, three things are requifite: That which moves-,by what it moves? that which is moved.That which moves, is either the Efficient caufe, or End. The end is the objed,which is defired or efehued 5 as in a dog to catch a hare,&c.The efficient caufe in man is Reafon , or his fubordinate Phantafie, which apprehends good or bad objeds : in brutes Imagination alone, which moves the -Appetite, the Appetite this faculuy, which by an admirable league of Nature, and by mediation ofthefpirit commands the Organ by which it moves: and that confifts of Nerves, Mufcles, Cords,difperfed through the whole body,contraded and relaxed as the fpirits will,which move the Mufcles, or 1 Nerves in the midft of them, and draw the cord,and fo per confequens the joynt,to the place intended. 5 That which is moved, is the body or fome member apt to move. The * Nervi motion of the body is divers,as going,running,leaping,dancing,fitting,& fuch like, referred to the predicament of Situs. Wormcs creep, Birds flic Fifties fwim-,and fo of pans, the chief of which is Refpiration or breath¬ ing, and is thus performed. The outward aire is drawn in by the vocall Arter), and fent by mediation of the Midrife to the Lungs which dilat¬ ing themfelves as a pair of bellowes, reciprocally fetch it in, and fend it out to the heart to coole it: and from thence now being hot, convey it a- gain,ftill taking in frefh. Such a like motion is that of the Pulfe , of which, becaufe many have written whole bookes, I will fay nothing. & D S U B S E c» Part.i.Se&.i. Anatomy of the Soul. Memb.2.Subf.p. 2 6 a Velcuno. Iu~ cundKV; iff an- ceps fubjeflum, b Godwins in 'iru'yot.pag. 301. Bright in Phyf.Scrib.Li. Vivid CmfiMi Melanfton, Hip pi us Her- niusyLevinus jjminsy&c. cL’b.an mores jeqnentur y &c. *C*far. 6 cM. d Read m h a Vine entiua Bellavic (pec.natural .lib. 23. cap.i. & 11. Hippocrates, Avi¬ cenna, and many b late writers that one man begets another, body and foul : or as a candle from a candle,to be produced from the feed : other- wife, fay they, a man begets but half a man, andisworfe then a bead that begets both matter and forme-, and befides the three faculties of the foule mud be together infufed, which is mod abfurd as they hold, be- caufe in beads they are begot, the two inferior 1 meane, and may not be well feparated in men. c Galen fupofeth the foul era fin efte, to be the Temperature it (elf -, Tnfmegifius, (jMufaia, Orpheus, Homer, Pindar us, Pharecides Syrus , Ppiftetus, with the Chaldees and /Egyptians, affirmed the foul to be immortal, as did thofe Britan * Druides of old. The d Py- tbaeorians , defend UWetempfychofts, and Palingenefta , that foules go from one body to another, epota prius Lethes unda,zs men into Wolves,Beares, Dogs, Hogs, as they were inclined in their lives, or participated in conditions. — * imjue ferinas Pofjumus ire domus,pecudumque in corpora condi. £ Lucians Cock was fird Eupborbus a Captaine .• llle ego (nam memni T rojani tempore belli , P ant hoi des Euphorbia eram, a horfe a man, a fpunge. { Julian the Apodata thought ^Alexanders foul was dcYcended into his body : Plato in Timao, and in his Phadon ( for ought lean perceive) differs not much from this opinion, that it was from God at fird, and knew all,but being inclofcd in the body, it for¬ gets, and learnes anew, which he calls remimfeentia , ox recalling, and that it was put into the body for a puniftment, and thence it goes into a beads or mans, as appeares by his pleafant fi&ion de fortitione ammarum, lib. 10. derep. ’and afters 10000. ycarcs is to rcturnc into the former body again, — * paft varos annos,per miUe f>gurus, Rurfus ad humana fertur pnmordia vita . Others deny the immortali- y of ii,whichPomponatus of Padua decided out of Anftotle not long fine e,Phnius Avunculus cap.y.ltb.z. & lib. y.cap. 55. Seneca lib 7. epifi. adLuciltum epift. 55. Dicearchusin Tull. Tufe. Epicurus, Zrn, ZpplLs, OMm, Ul.i. 1 (Praterta Part.i.Sed.i. Anatomy of the Soul. Merhb.2.Sub£^ (Praterea gigni partter cum corpore, dr una Crefcrc f:ntimus, pariterque fcnefcerc mentem ) Aver roes, and I know not how many Neotericks. This qtteflion of the im¬ mortality of the Soul, is diver fly and wonderfully impugned and di[put ed,efie¬ ri ally amongfl the Italians of late, faith lab. Colerus hb.de immort. amma, cap. i. The Popes themfelves have doubted of it, LeoDecimus that cureanVoyc,zs * fome record of him,caufed thisqueftion to be difcuffed pro and con before him,and concluded at laft,as a prophane and atheifti- call Moderator, with that verfe of Cornelius Gallus , Etredit in mhi him,quod fait ante nihil. It began of nothing, and in nothing it ends. Zeno and his Strides as * An- fiin quotes him, fuppofed the Soul fo long to continue, till the Body was fully putrified,and refolved into materiaprima : but after xhdxjnfumos eva- nefcere ; to be extinguifhed and vanifh and in the meane time, whilft the body was confuming, it wandred all abroad, dr e longinquo multa annttn- ^»f an ague Js added by all, to fever it from Phrenfie, and that Melancholy which is in a peftilent Vcver.{Fear and Sorrow) make lum in melon - it differ from Madnefs-.[without a caufefvs laftly inferted,to fpecific it from cboiia.Hm.de all other ordinary paifions of [ Fear and Sorrow. ] We properly call tSdl'tMe- that Dotage, as c Laurentiu* interprets it, when fome one principal facultie lunch, of the minde , as imagination, orreafon is corrupted, as all melancholy per- tC *P *.dnntl° fons Part.i.Se&.i. of the parts affetted,&c. Memb.3.Subf.2- 32 forts have. It is without a fever, becaufe the humor is moft part cold and -dry,contrary to putrefaction. Fear and Sorrow are the true Characters,and infeparable companions of moft Melancholy not all, as Her. deSaxoma, Tratt. poflhumode Melancholia , cap. 2 . well excepts; for to fome it is moft plcafant,as to fucti as laugh moft partffome are bold again,and free from all manner of fear and grief,as hereafter ihall be declared. S u B S E c- 2 ' * Per confen- fum five per efientiam. f Cap.q.dc mel. g Sec.7»de mor , vulgar Mb. 6 . h Spicel.de me¬ lancholia . i cap.1 dcrncl. pars affefta ce¬ rebrum five per con fen fum, five per cere - k'umcontingat, et proccrum au- (loritate & rationc fiabili- iur • k Lib de Mcl. Cor vero vi~ emit at is ratio¬ nc una afjicL tur,acceptum tran/verjum dc (lomacbus cum dor fait fpina 3 &c. ! Lib.i.cap.io, Subjcftum efi cerebrum intc - rites. m R aroquif- quam tumorem efjugit lienisy qui hoc morbo afftcitur . Pifo. as it is mere or lef of continuance:but by accident, as* Herc.dc Sax- foi.io 7 . c t foi. cai.i acr Calenus,Capivacciu* .^Bright , h Fi- gBnft ca.ll. c j ms ^ t h at have written either whole Trafts, or copioufly ofit , h Db.x.capfi. in tlaeir feveral T reatifes of this fubjeft. 1 What this humor is, or whence it t^m/vcauf 4 proceeds,how it is ingendredin the body,neither Galen, any old Writer hath qiuiis jitbum,- fufficieatly difcu(fed,as Jacchinus thinks: the Neotericks cannot agree.M>/z- quMKodo ggitMitr in capo-re, fc rut xndumjhic ehiw re multi voter um labor aver unt^ncc facile deciperc cx Galcno fcnScntiam rb bqundiVAuctattw.Lcon.Ja£(b.coiTun f.Khahitf i$,cip. 16. in f.Rbafis. Unus Part. i.Se&.a. CM utter of CMelancholy Memb.z.Subf.^. tarots in his confutations,holds Melancholy to be materiall or imitoateriall: -and fo doth Arculanus .-the material is one of the four humors before men- tioncd,and natural. The immaterial or adventitious,acquifite, redundant, *Tmttipoftnm, unnatural,artificialrwhich * Hercules de Saxonta will have refidc in thefpi- %m!l n leto dts alone,and to proceed fiom an hot , colder) , mo ft diftemperattire, which cap ,7 & 8. Ab without matter , alter the Brain and fun ft ions of it. Paracelfus wholly rejects ‘dlTm'td Cd ‘c anc ^ ^ cr ^ cs divifion of four humors and complexions, but our Gale- ■h .1^ c. generally approve of it,fubfcribing to this opinion of Mont anus. This material Melancholy is cither fimple,ot mixt-, offending in Quantity k S aut^ n m f or -varying according to his placc,where it fetlcth,as Brain,fpleen, mcorimefue- Mefcriack veins,Heart,Womb, & Stomack.-or differing according to the rit/id imemie mixture of thofc natural humors amongft themfelvcs,or four unnatural a. mpufaiM- duft humors,as they are diverfly tempered and mingled. If natural melan¬ in- fine puie- choly abound in the body,which is cold & dry, fo that it be more k than the r,t: ‘"fco'piis g 0( {y u wc i a y[ e t0 kc a r,it rnuft needs he di(temperedfaith Faventius,& difeaf- e ‘‘" > ed: & fo the other,if it be depraved, whether it a rife from that other Me- 1 Lib. l.contra- Uncholy Choler aduft,or from Blood, produceth the like cffcAe- vftium his Te trait bios , c Avicenna Lb. S .Fen. r . Traci.a^.cap. 1 S.Arctdanus dTJu?L cap.l 6 .in 9. Rafis. Mont amts wed. part. 1. A If naturall Melancholy be adttfl ,it naturaium- maketh one kinde •, if blood, another ifcholer,a third, differing from the firft- andfo many fever all opinions there are about the kindes, as there be men them- felves. * Hercules de Saxonia fets down two kindes, mater tail and immate- ff v abtiudiia, riall 5 one from fpirits alone jbe other from humors andfpirits.Savanarola Rub. 11. Traci. 6 .cap. 1. de a grit ad. capitis , will have the kindes to be infinite ■, inter las one from the myrach, called myrachialis of the Arabians . another floma- dl $ erenU *,& chahs, from the ftomack h another from the liver., heart, mrnbe , htmrods, : ‘one beginmng,another confttmmate. Melanfthon feconds h im fas the humor is dfinmeA diver (ly adnft and mixtfo are the fpecies divers-, but what thefe men fpeak of?# a d 1 fpecies, I think ought to be underftood of fymptomes, and fo doth s Ar ^.7/ ' ** ‘ culanus interpret himfelf: infinite fpecies, id eft, fymptomes ; and in that »- fenfe, as lo. Gonheus acknowledgeth in his medicinal definitions,the fpe- cies are infinite, but they may be reduced to three kindes , by reafon of Cap.de h u f or. their [e^uHe ad,Body,and Hypocondries. This threefold divifion is approved llU ‘ an f mn ' by Hippocrates in his book of Melancholy, (if it be his, which fome fu- TmfmT' fpedt;by Galen lib.^.de loc.ajfctfis cap. 6 .by Alexander lib. 1. cap. 1 6. Rafis l ^ d mc ^ anc ^°" hb.i. Continent. Tract. 9 .l,b. 1 .cap. 16. Avicenna, and moft of our new wri- 7 ncntmT ters.' Th.Eraftus makes two kmdes^one perpetual, which is Headmelancho- ««• ty-ftht other interrupt,which comes and goes by fifs, which he fubdividcs \ c f- l 6 -' r * 9 - inco the other two kindes,fo that all comes to the fame pafs.Some again , make four or five kindes with Rodericus a Caftro de morbis mulier.lib. 2 leap. 2.and lod. Merc at us, who in his fecond book demulicr. a feci. cap. 4. will* have that melancholy of Nuns, Widowes,and more ancient maids to be a peculiar fpecies of Melancholy differing from the reftrfome will re¬ duce Enthufiafts, extadcall and dxmoniacall perfons to this rank ad¬ ding h Love melancholy to the firft,and Lycanthropia. The moft received di- vilron is into three kindes. The firft proceeds from the foie fault of the VETL Brain, and is called Head melancholy.-the fecond fy mpathecically proceeds from the whole body, when the whole temperature is Melancholy: The third arifeth from the Bowels,Liver,SpIeen,or Membrane,called Mefen- terium named Hypocondriacal,or windy Melancholy,- which 1 Laurentius fub- divides into three parcs,from thofe three Members, Hcpatick, Splenatick '' Ca/K t? Mefcriack.Love melancholy, which Avicenna calls Jhjhi: and Lycanthropia ,’ E 2 Which Parc. i.Sett.i Species of Melancholy. Mcmb.3.Subf.4.- 3 * l 4 8o • J ' _ _ _■ ——— . • . f,77iis Cucuhuthe , are commonly included in head Melancholy : but of this lift which Gerardus de Solo cals Jmoreos, and moft Knight me- the other to exprefs their feveralcaufes, fympeoms, cures,being that they 'll ’ n confounded amongft themfclves, having fuch affinity, that thev can fcarcc be difeerned by the moft accurate Phy ficians*,& fo often intermix: with other difeafes,that the bed eaferfMdmchl- ed .Mmww cosf,U6 .names a patient that had this dreale ot Meiancno k i v & C antms Appetitm both together: And confi - 2 3' • 1 ^ ' Ac* ... 'LfJcVuimJ with Stone, Gout, Jandice. mw* with an Ague, T mdic 1 Cmmm Appemm, &c. ” Taolu, 1Ugolwe a great Dofiorm his „ rfuto. ume*c on fulled in tins cafe, was fo confounded with a conMon of jy»p- Jpicei. 1 . fo!. u at y ncw n ot to what kinde of Melancholy to rehr it. T n IS*—. and famous tom. %. confi. r crre(1 wll £ about one party,at the fame time, gave three d fie rent o ti.&iO. „ And in another place, Trincavellius being demanded whathe K"ht of a meirhol/youn’g man, to whom he was fent for, ingenu- ouZ S confeffed,that he was indeed melancholy, but he knew not to what k nde to reduce it.In his , 7 .confultation,there is the like difagreement a- bout a melancholy Monke. Thofe fymptomes, whichothersafcr.be to • ,»n. S“t'd P™s and humors, * HereJc S.xom .attributes wholly to dt- .. j fpints & thofe immaterial,as I have faid.Sometimes they can¬ not we 1 dilccrne this Difeafe from others. In R'm'rn Spl,vomers xoun- K* la 'a . he and D'. Rrsnie both agreed, that the patients difeafe . was'hyp‘oco(driacal melancholy. V.MvbMm faid it was .s/*a,and no- r n cat rliin" die 0 Solinander and Guariomtu, lately fent for to the melancho y mT* Dulfe of Cine, with others,could not define what fpectes it was.or agree omnnoft themfclves. The fpccies are fo confounded, as m Cxfar Claudi- ptrf-n* prS hiM+confultation for Lotomm Count.in his judgment ' h “ ,l ’’". r ‘h ifSS Vpl and feme fucceffively. So that I conclude of our melancholy i* gS s 3 S » man y Politicians do of their pure formes of Commonwealths, 3&!£ MonarchieT^Arihocracics,Democracies,are moft famous in eontempla- . but in pradice they arc temperate and ufually mixt,( fo Psljlmi enformeth us) as the Uaitmmm, the Romm of old, Cerm.n now, and uf. HU. Kcc- 1nv others.what Phyficians fay of diftmdf fpccies in their books , it rsf ■ muS matters not, fincc that in their patients boo.es they are commonly mixt In fuch obfeurity therefore,variety and confufed mixture of fymp- *tomes caufes, how difficult a thing is it to treat of fevcral kindes apart ; toZake any certainty or diftindion among fo many cafualtics, diftradt- Paic.i.Sed.2. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.i.Subf.i- ons,when feldome two men {hall be like affected per omnia f Fernelius puts a kinde of necifsity in the kncwled? of the caufes, and without rcu Pf a horLan which tt ts mpojsible to cure or prevent any manner of difeafe .fLvc\$ex\cks may aUoqui \»um cafe,and fometimes help,but not throughly root out fublata caufa tollitur curatio a mane a tffecius, as the faying is, if the caufe be removed, the efftd is likewife vanquifhed. It is a moft difficult thing (J confefs) to be able to difeern cap. i f Rerum thefe caufes whence they are,and in fuch c variety to fay what the begin- c fff^ c f[f c - cau ~ ningwas. u He is happy that can performe it aright. I will adventure to Zmsme’pk- guefs as neer as I can,and rip them all up,from the firft to the la hgenerall ri “ m > faqu* and particular; to every fpecies, that fo they may the better be deferied. Generali caufes,are either fupernaturall, or natural !. Supernatural ate from cavere licet. God and his angels, or by Gods permifsion from the devil and his minifters.' T ? u * uum That God himfelf is a caufe for the punifhment of fin,and fatisfadion of Tc'd'ffmntu* his Jufticc,many examples & teftitnonies of holy Scriptures make evident ut non facile unto us ,Pf. 107.17. Foolijh men are plagued for their 0fence , and by reafon of d fZ?mZm their wickedncfs. Gehafi was ftrucken with leprofie, 2 Peg. 5.27. Ichor am morbusfumpfc^ with dyfentery and flux,and great difeafes of the bowels, 2 Chron. 21.15.^: fff 1 * 1 '** David plagued for numbring his people, 1 Par. 21. Sodom and Gomorrah ufZx° quipo- fwallowed up. And this difeafeis peculiarly fpecified, Pfalme 127.12. He tuit mum cog- brought down their heart through heavinefs. Dent. 28.28. Hefirokethem with ZiTZTtif madnefsflindnefs, and aflenifhment of heart, * An evil (piritw^sfent by the yDan.j. Lord upon Saul,to vex him. >' Nebuchadnezzar did eat grafs like an oxc,and Vfubi ™8 his heart was made like the beafls of the field. Heathen ftories are full of fuch { McmZptus\ punifhmcnts. Lycurgus, becaufe he cut down the Vines in the country, &f" mm <> am- was by Bacchus driven into madnefs : fo was Pcptbeus and his mother A- /umptZ*™’ gave for negleding their facrifice. % Cenfor Fulvius ran mad for untiling * Huffier, cof. luno’s Temple,tocovera new one of his own,which he had dedicated to iiT Fortune , 3 and was confounded to death , with grief and forrow ofheart. When pdnebamur, Xerxes would have fpoiled * Apollo’s Temple at Delphos , of thofe infinite tanc i H * »/•"« riches it poffeffed, a terrible thunder came from Heaven and (truck 4000. ^ men dead, the reft ran mad. b A little after, the like happened to Brennus, b tivmhb.}*. lightning, thunder. Earthquakes,upon fuch a facrilegious occafion. If E 5 w T e Memb.i.Subf.t. -- we may believe our Pontificiall Writers, they will relate unto us many ___ftranee and prodigious punifhments in this kinde,infli cogna- iis fuccurrunt commoti wife - ncordifii&e. Omnibus umbra locis adero : dabis improbe f cents. USy sSSSS :* De ° 5ocra - ib %***.« f P ious TilDU limtammofaf- Chriftian Philofophers explode) that 1 they are nourijhedan fibiiiaymente but our Chnman r nuoiop Y h ^t (which C^» confirmes, ruiowha cot. exC rements -that they fcelc patnc ijth c; **fr*ntar ane cur non r r Z r and S«(i£ff julHy lau S hs and’if their bodyes becut,with OSSbk'SS; 7/ct»«a g .m. «*£ W ^approves £ pulfata dnleant gy,. (hfkfofif (o dot\\ literOme , C /•* r .U» r'hurrh'Th'lt foiidopcrcujja * ertf JFJ -> and ancientFathersof he Church.Tfcat ^'"S' V^'ct bodycs wcrt changed iato a more act.al andgrofs fub- in their tall their t may ^ & and Da vidCruftus Hermetica Philo- Tlul'll°i ”‘J A 'by fwetal'arguments proves Angels and Spirits to be ttina »*<»«»<« iK ° Cvpicmeft-. Atfimm tomm- <«f «'«•; «g°' s ‘ ( %T 2^”o« farther'Vet, and will have thefe, i.vM-rkoi. S-untfiniti } tx%oquan . 8 p) evds ‘ an£ J fo like wife foules of «di.M 55 r- ^^^ifcSpowaci^ hemoftcagcrly contend K } to f be , of &£sitss&i~~. U-'~’-r’S.tc. Part.i.Se&.a. Nature of Devils. Memtxi.Subf.2. feclifimim^hcrcforc al fpirits arc corporeal he concludes^ in their pro- 41 per fhapes round. That they can aflume other aerial bodies,all manner of- fhapes at their pleafurcs,appear in what likenefs they wil themfelvcs,that they are molt lwift in motion,can pafs many miles in an inftar.t,& fo like- wife 0 transform bodies of others into what lhape they pleafe, and with u cyprianusin admirable celerity remove them from place to place •, ( as the Angel did zpifijimtese- Nabacuck to Daniel, and as Philip the Deacon was carried away by the Spi- ult!anfbrip 7 f- rit,when he had baptized the£«»«r/;-.,fo did Pythagoras and Apollonius re- the de¬ move themfelves and others,with many fuch feats )that they can repre- „ J h d e ‘f 0 C g£ ft fent caftles in theayre, pallaces, armies, fpe&rums, prodigies, and fuch the Pinaclc : ftrange objects to mortal mens eyes,*caufe fmcls,favors, &c. deceive all and witches the fcnfes-,moft W riters of this fubjedt credibly believe^and that they can fitted'Se" 20 ' foretell future events, and do many ftrange miracles, lunos image fpake morein^™^- to Camillas , and Fortunes ftatuc to the Romane matrons, with many fiich. ^ C ‘ c a °'^' m Zanchius, Bodine , Spondanus and others are of opinion that they caufe 3 . nlf.7fjag.Pcr at- true Metamorphofis, as Nabuchadnefar was really tranllated into a beaft, ra M d,tc f e Lots wife into a pillar of Salt •, P"ly(fes companions into Hogs and Dogs, tn : pml“fm‘ by Circes charmes; Turn themfelves and others, as they do Witches into■/<#<**, Cats,Dogs,Hares, Crowes, See. Strezziits Cicogna hath many examples lib. 3 . ommf. wag. cap. \. <& 5. which he there confutes,as Aujlin likewife lent ct uruntKp dothc/e civ, Dei lib. 18. That they can be feen when and in what lhape, n ‘ con fP icuos and to whom they will, faith Pfellus , Tametfi nil tale viderim, nec optern videre, though he himfelf never law them nor delired it ; and ufe fome- occ nl.Philo/ times carnal copulationfas elfewhere I lhall x prove more at large ) with [miop. women and men.Many will not believe they can be feenc,and if any mart l/b.$.cap. 18. fhall fay, fweare, and ftifly maintain, though he be difereet and wife, ju- dicious and learned, that he hath feen them, they accompt him a timor- Lo« Him-’ ous foolc,a melancholy dizard,a weak fellow,a dreamer, a fick or a mad chol y- man,they contemn him,laugh him to fcorne, and yet Marcus of his credit told Pfellus that he had often feen them. And Leo Sttavius.a Frenchman, c.S.in Commentar. 1 . 1. Paracelft de vita longa , out of fome Platomfs will have the ayre to be as full of them as fnow falling in the skies, and that they may be feen, and withal fers down the means how men may fee them-,S* irreverberatis octtlis foieJplendente verfus caelum continuaverint obtti- tus.&c. and faith moreover he tryed it.pram {forum feci experimentum,8c it was true,that the Platomjls (aid.Paraceljus confefleththat he faw them di- y OmaLdierSi vers times,and conferred with them,& fo doth Alexander ab ^Alexandro, T/tpmum that he fo found it by experience jvhen as before he doubted of it. Many deny it, < P tum P r ‘ us «* faith Lavater de JpecJris , part.i.c.z. & part.i. c.n. becaufe they never faw f^/Ham'tt them thewfelves-yBut as he reports at large all over his book, efpecially c. be-.et. 19,part. 1.they are often feen and heard,& familiarly converfe with men, fff't ver f as Lod.Vives affureth us,innumerable Records, Hiftorics, and teftimonies evince in all ages,times, places, and 1 all travellers beftdes ; in the Weft * L ‘b.de Dw¬ indles and our Northerne climes, Nihil familiar ms efuam in agris & urbi- na f omam3r ‘- bus fpiritus videre , audire qiu vetent, jttbeant, &c. Hicronmus vita Pauli f Bajilfer. 40. Nicephorus , Eufebius , Socrates , So\omenus , *lacobus B.oiffardus in his tradfc de fpirituum apparitions bits, Petrus Loyerus l. de fpttlrts, Wierns 1 . 1. have infinite varity of fuch examples of apparitions of fpirits, fox him to read that farther doubts, to his ample fatisfa&ion. One alone I F will Parc.i.Scdt.2. Mcmb. i. Subf.2 Nature of Devils. 42 will briefly infert. A noble man in Germany was fent Embaffador to the -King of Suedentfoi his name,the timc,and luch circumftances,I refer you a apt .Tranl- to Bofardus mine ‘Author) after he had done his bufinefs,he failed to Li- wmwctfd, vonia,on fee purpofe to fee thofc familiar fpirits,which are there faid to be tate videndi, converfant with men,and do their drudgery works. Amongft other mat- * c - ters, one of them told him where his wife was, in what roome, in whac cloathcSjWhat doing, & brought him a Ring from her,which at his return non fine omnium admiratione, he found to be true; and fo believed that ever afcer,which before he doubted oi.Cardan l.\$.de /^//.relates of his father Facius Cardan, that after the accuftomed folemnities,^. 1491.13. Auguft, he conjured up 7. Devils in Greek apparel, about 40. years of agc,lome bsic He point ruddy of complexion,and fomc pale,as he thought-, he asked them many deNyvpbis vi- q UC ftions,and they made ready anfwer,that they were aerial Dc vils,thac IZtlLm. they lived and died as men did', fave that they were far longer liv'd, ( 7 .or cumvei 9 . 7.10 g OCK b y Car cs ) they did as much excel men in dignity, as we do juments, ■ and were as far excelled again of thofe that were above them-,our*gover- vmmum&i n ors and keepers they are moreover, which * Plato in Cntias delivered of unu muons 0 j ( j an( j f u bordinate to one another, Vt enim homo heminific damon damoni qTmohXu. dominating they rule thcmfelves as well as us,and the fpirits of the meaner ti* animantibks fort had commonly fuch offices,as we make horfe-keepers,neat-heards,& ll^sfiubin'- rbe bafeft of us,overfecrs of our cattle and that we can no more appre- torci hommum, hend their natures and fun&ions, then an horfe a mans. They knew all; tuiii mwah- t hj n gs,but might not reveal them to men & ruled and domineered over ‘Stutura fami: us ,as we do over our horfcs-,the beft Kings amongft 11s, & the moil gene- hares ut cams rol , s fpi r its, were not comparable to the bafeft of them. Sometimes they did inftruft men,& communicate their skil, reward & cherifh, and fome- Morrcnt. t i mcs a g a i n terrific & punifh,to keep them in awe,as they thought fir.iV/- h i Ab d 7 m «a hilmagis cupientesi, faith Lyfius,Phf. Stoicorum: quam adorationem hominii. T he fame Author Cardan in his Hypcrchen , out of the do&rine of Stouks, bihfwo verne 3 wil have forr.e of thefe Cenikfor fo he cals them)tobe a defirous of mens ZmTxlTJb company,very affable,and familiar with them,as Dogs arc-,others again bonwubus to abhor as fcrpents,and care notfor them.The fame belike Tntcmius cals fu !homm } & S. Anflm,Warns plh.Erajtus , DelriofTom.2 ./. i.qu.ift.rg.Sebaflian Michaelis^ cx Jfff m cap 2.etc fpiritibus^D.Remolds Xer7.47.They may deceive the eyes of men, fifaia omm yet not take true bodies, or make a reall metamorphofis : but as Ci- bom&maii cogna proves at large,they are ^ Ilia form & prafligiatriccs transformations, m^ffumua. emmf. mag. lib. 4. cap. 4. meere illufions and cozenings, like that tale of immanlrcgun- Pafetis obulus in Suidasj or that of Am die ns, CM crcuries fon that dwelt in Pcrnafus, who got fo much treafure by cozenage and ftealth. His fa- ccogna.ommf. ther Mercury , becaufe he could leave him no wealth, taught him many fine tricks to get meanes/for he could drive away mens cattel,and if any purfued him,turnc them into what fhapeshe would, and fo did mighti qmfcmtj. fat¬ ly inrich himfelf,£« pcrmi[fu)zs they fee good chemfelves. ^ffffffff * When Charls the great intended to make, a channel betwixt the Rhcnc]unuod (upra nos nihil ad nos. Howfocver as Mar- Sublunary dd tianus foolifhly fuppofeth, JEtheni D amoves non cur ant res human as, they their care not for us, do not attend our a&ions, or lookc for us, thofe aJtheriall m es> fpirits have other worlds to raigne inbelike or bufinefs to follow. Wc arc onely now to fpcak in brief of thefe fublunary Spirits or Devils: for the F 3 reft. Part. i. Sc(ls\ faith * Pitt on us ) under the name of Saints. Thefe * otigea. are they which Cardan thinks, defire fo much carnal copulation with Witches,( Incuki and Succubi' transform bodies,and are fo very cold, if am (tutuas pci* they be touched , and that feive Magicians, His father had one of them r , ('as he is not afhamed to relate 5 ) an aerial devil bound to him for twen- iana,Ceres } drc. k o/aus Magnus hath ajong narration of one Hotberus akztf.j. King of Swedenfhai having loft his company,as he was hunting one day. Diet with thefe water Nymphs or Fairies, and was feafted by them, and Bettor Boethius, or Macbbeth, and Banco; two Scottifli Lords, thac as they were wandring in the Woods, had their Fortunes told them by three ftrange women. To thefe heretofore they did ufe to Sacrifice, by that lo-V.uam;*,or divination by waters. Terreftrial devils,are thofe ^ Lares,Genii, E aunes,Satyrs f Wood-nymphs 1 Profdutche- Foliots, Fairies, Robin Goodfellorves,Trulli,&c. which as they arc molt con- mM,mCXOlba ~ verfant with men, fo they do them moft harme.Some think it was they ^ITwTplr. alone that kept the Heathen people in awe of old,and had fo many Idols nitiem omnia and Temples erefted to them. Of this range wasD^amongft the Phi- Zf'Z'of liftines, .Be# amongft the Babylonians, Aflartes amongft. the Sydonians, adeSiHmadrj- Baal amongft the Samarkans, 7 /?i and ofyrns amongft the ^E2yptians,&c. ^ fome put our*Fairies into this rank,which have been in former times ado- 3^ red Part. i. Sett. 2. Memb.i.Subf.2. Digreflion of Spirits. 4 8 red with much fuperftition, wich fvveeping their houfes,and fitting of a -pail of cleane water,good vi&uals,and the like, and then they mould not be pinched,but findc money in their fhoocs, and be fortunate in their en- m Fart i .cap, tcrprizes. Thefe are they that dance on Heathes and Greens, as m Lavater thinks with Tritemius, and as n Olaus Magnus addes,leave that green circle, JL.iv.irumcborc- which we commonly finde in plain fields, which others hold to proceed. lauTaUm from a Meteor falling,or fome accidental ranknefs of the ground, loNa- adcoptofmde ture fports her felf,they are fometimes feen by old women and children. i*terras imfri * fjj crom ^ fault. in his defcription to the City of Bercirw in Spain, relates 7 $“dami>s how they have been familiary feen near that town, about fountains and virorc Otbicuia hils- Nennunquarntfaith Tritemius)in fualatibula monttum fimplieiorcs horn- rnlmt mm. nts due ant, ftupenda mirantibus oflentes miracula, nolarum fonitus , fretf acuta, o ub.d/zupb. fac Giratdus Cambrenfls gives inftancc in a Monk of Wales that was fo de- etPigmxis j uc jcd.° Paracetfus reckons up many places in Germ any,wheve they do ufu- ally walk in little coates fome two foot long. A bigger kinde there is of PLib 7.cn P ^. thcm,called with us Hobgoblins , & Robin Goodfetlorvs , that would in thofc quiet in famur f U p Cr ftitious times, grinde come for a mefs of milk, cut wood,or do any ’SStfft mancr of drudgery work. They would mend old Irons in tho k^olian H»t,conciavin lies of Lypara, in formerager,and have been often feen and heard. * Tho- fcopispuigm, i 0 r mus ca is t h cm Truths and Gctulos, and faith ,t hat in his dayes they were dmMnT~ common in many places of France.Dithmarus Bleskemus in his deferiprion portant/qnes 0 pif a „d, reports for a certainty, thatalmoft in every family they have TJS&eri* yet fome fuch familiar fpirits-,& Falix Malleolus in his book de crudel. da- Itmtur. ' won. affirmes as much, that thefe T rolls, or Telc'mnes , are very common m rwhere trea- ^orwey,and^feen to do drudgery workyto draw water, faith Wurus lib. i . cap. tome thinklf 32 .drefs meat,or any fuch thing. Another fort ofthefe there are, which or fome mur- f rC q Uent forlorn r houfes,which the Italians call Fohots, mo ft part innoxi- Uke vilhny ous, * Cardan holds, They will make firange noyfes in the night, howle fome committed.' umcs pittifully,and then laugh again,caufe great fame andfudden lights fling * Llb l6dc ([ 'f ftoneslrattle chaines, (have men,open door es,andjhut them, fling down platters , Tvdiphhus (looks, chefs,fomeiime appear in the liknefs of Hares,Crowes,black Dogs, pc. fumbujufmdr 0 p w hi c h reade r Pet.Thyraus the Jefuite in his Tra £t,de has infeftis,part i. & cap . 4. who will have them to be Devils, or the fouls of damned men io,vciipti die- that feck revenge, or elfe fouls out of Purgatory that feekeafe-, for m °£udmk fuch examples perufe c Sigifmundus Scheretfys lib. de (pecins ,part. i e.i. mL domjli- which he faith he took out of Luther moft part-, there be many inftances. cis inftrumcn- u j>n n j w fecundus remembers fuch a houfe at Athens, which Athemdorus the Philosopher hired, which no man durft inhabit for fear of Devils. cits, ctwtba - jtu finde Civ. Dei. lib. 22. cap. 8. relates as much of Hefpenus the Tribu- d \£ V ef a nes houfe at Zubeda near their City of Hippos , vexed with evil fpirits, to q/adZ voces his great hindcran cz,Cum affliclione animal;um& fervorum fuorum. Ma- mittuntfju- ny p uc h inftances are to be read in A ’iderius Formicar. lib. 5. cap.12.3.pc. Whether I may call thefe Zim and Ophim, which I fay cap. 13. 21 .fpeakes ut cancs ntgri, of. I make a doubt See more of thefe in the faid Scheret\. Lb. 1 .de %!is&T tS f 0 '~fpeft- ca P- 4 - he is full of examples. Thefe kinde of Devils many times uEpiiUib.?. appear to men, and affright them out of their wits, fometimes walking x Mendiona- at x noone day, fometimes at nights, counterfeiting dead mens Ghofts, l ckngnacZ as that of Caligula , which (faith Suetonius ) was feen to walk in Lavi- t {iem or Aia- nl( p s garden, vvhere his body was buried, fpirits haunted, and the houfe eomi. we. where Part.t.SeCt.a. Bigrp ion of Spirits. Memb.i.Subf.2. where he dyed, y Nulla noxfine terroretranfatla,donee mcendio confumptx •, 49 every night this happened,there was no quictnefs,til the houfe was bur- lSuan . c . 6 . ncd. About Heel a in Jftand Ghofts commonly walk , animus mortuorum fi- m cahgula. 9 mulaMtesfaltL lob.Anan.lib. j.de nat.dxm.olaus lib.z.cap. 2. Natal.Tallopid. lib. deaf par it. (pir. Kornmannus de mirac. mort. part. 1. cap. 44. luch fights are frequently feen circa Sepulchra dr Monafteru, faith Lav at. lib.i. cap. 19. in Monafteries.and about Church-yards, locapalndinofa,ampla xdi- fcia,fohtaria,& cade hominum not at a,&c. Thy reus adds, ttbigravttts pecca- tum eft commifjum , impii, pauperum opprejjores & nequiter inftgnes habitant. Thefe fpirics often foretell mens deachs, by fcvcralfignes, as knocking, groanings, See. 'though Rich. Argentine c. 18. depraftigiis damonum , will , . : aferibe thefe predictions to good Angels,ouc of the authority of Ficinas cfgS\ C “ and others prodig’a in obitupnncipum fepius contingnnt, pc. as in the y- Laterane Church in * Rome, the Popes deaths are foretold by Syhefters * Jd l8 tombe.Near Rupes nova in Finland,in the Kingdome of Sweden, there is a Labe, in which,before the Governor of the Cattle aics,a Jpecirum, in the habit ofArion with his Harp appears, and makes excellent mufick, like thofe blocks in Chejhire , which (they fay) prefage death to the Matter of the family or that z Oake in Lanthadran Park in Cornwall , which fore- z m .cary.Sm- fhewes as much. Many families in Europe are fo put in minde of their laft, Te y of Corn - by fuch predictions, and many men ate forewarned (if we may believe Paraceljus) by familiar fpirits,in divers lhapes,as Cocks,Crowes, Owles, a Horto Gem* which often hover about fick mens chambers, w/ quia morientium fadit a- aa f alw - x Vf tem fentiunt^Baracellus conjectures,^ ideofuper tectum inftrmorum croci- ^bdumuemi rant, becaufc they fmell a Coarfe *, or for that (as b Bernardmus de Buftis refta via 9 &* thinketh'. God permits the Devil to appear in the forme of Crows, and tTbuTmif' fuch like creatures,to fcare fuch as live wickedly here on earth. A little dudura. before Tullies death (faith Plutarch) the Crowes made a mighty noy fe a- bouthim, tumultuose perftrepentes,- they pulled the pillow from under his head .Rob.Gaguinus hi ft.Franc.lib. %. telleth fuch another wonderfull ftory at the death of Johannes de Monteforti a French Lord, Anno 1545. tanta Corvorum multitudo adibus morientis infedit,quant am ejje in Gallia nemo judt- caffet. Such prodigies arc very frequent in Authors. See more of thefe in the laid LavaterfThyreus de locis infeftisjart. 3 . cap. 5 %.Pictorius,T>elrio,Ci* cognaftib.i.cap.9. Negromancers take upon them,to raife and lay them , caP , at their pleafures: And fo likewife thofe which Mi\aldus cals Ambulones, Dammam £. that walkabout midnight on great Heaths and defart places,whichUaith nmm &M ~ c Lavate/)draw men out of the waf, and lead them all night a by-way, or quite fumes bar them of their way-, thefe have feveral names in feveral places we com- nesjinfU viato - monly call them Pucks. In the Defarts of Lop In A fig, fuchiliufibnso walking fpirits are often perceived, as you may read in M. Paulus the Fe- Jt a tZgoZl netian his travels $ If one lofe his company by chance, thefe devils will want) voces e- call him by his name,and countefeic voyces of his companions to feduce aZSfZtliZ him. Hieronym • Pauli in his bookofthe hils of S paine, relates of a great itiwre ab~ d mount in Cantabria, where fuch feci rums are to be feenfavater and Ci- r cogna have variety of examples of fpirits & walking devils in this kindc. Sometimes they fit by the high way fide,to give men fals,and make their uiumpcfia'no- horfes (tumble and ftart as they ride, (if you will believe the relation of print!** G that Part.i.Seft.z. Nature of Devils. Memb.i.Subf.2. chat holy man KeteUus in * Nubrtgenfis, that had an cfpeciall grace to fee _ 1 --Devils ,Grattam divinities colLtam,& talk with thcm,£f impavidus cum (fi- * L'b.z.u? y. rnjbus V ermncm mifeere, without offence,& if a man curfe or fpur his horfe 0 JZtw^ for Humbling,they do heartily rejoyce at it-,with many fuch pretty feats. tibnsin vi*& Subterranean Devils are as common as the reft, & do as much harme. TtZtvd Gluts Magnus, lib. 6 . cap. 1 9 • makes fix kindes of them,fome bigger, fome bmmm vd j c f s< xhefc ( faith 1 Munjler) are commonly feen about Mines of metals, jumtntmn (;;« an ^‘ are f ome 0 f them noxious,fome again do no harme. The mettal-men in many places account it good luck,a figne of treafnre, & rich ore when maximi f‘ bo- t j Ky f ce ^em Georgius Agricola, in his book de[ubteiraneis animantibus y SSSita «.. 37 - reckons two more notable kindesofthem, which he cals • C,tM fttviat. an d Coball, both are cleat bed after the manner of Met dll-men, and mil many z m cofmop. time$ imtate fair works. Their office, as Piflonus and Paracelfus think, is S to keep trealure in the earth, that it be not all at once revealedU and be- gctlus& opera ^des i cicogna averts, that they are the frequent caules of thole horrible bLSo*!n r ' Earth- quakes, which often [wallow «(>, not onely houfes, but whole Hands and tm*careens Qitits • in his third book cap. 11. he gives many inltances. vento bomb;- l a ft arc converfant about the Center of the earth to torture the SfcSSjSS fouls of damned men to the day of Judgment, their egrefs and regrefs frpe non domus j- Qme f up p 0 f e t o be about -AEtna, Bypara, Mons Hecla in I [land, Verjuvius , Z d civita S Terra del Fuego, &c. becaufe many fhreeks and fearful 1 cries are concinu- \c S *& inf"/* ally heard thereabouts,and familiar apparitions of dead men,Gholts and ha 11 fia funt, (^Q^linS operations^ 5 Thus the Devil raigns, and in athoufand feveral lhapes, cJs a roaring ft^y. Lion fill fecks whom be may devour, i.Pet.5. by Earth,Sea,Land,Ayre, as yet unconfined,though*fomc will have his proper place the ayre.all that Michaciis c. 4 . f acc betwixr us and the Moon, for them that trangrefled lealt, and hell timZis for the wickedcft ofthem,H/V velut incarcere adfnemmundi,tunc m locum do lods mfeftis. fnne(liorum trudendi,zs A11 fin holds de Civit.Dei c.zT.lib.i^cap, 3. cr 23. C uiiintw bue be where he will,he rageth while he may to comforc himlclf,as c La- Ctannus thinks,with other mens fals,he labours all he can to bring them mbgm fcriM inco thc f ame pit of perdition with him. For d mens mifenes, calamines and «<»«, art ,he Devils bs H u»m^Mes. By many temptations and feveral &[oiatinm £naincs,he feeks to captivate our fouls.The Lord of lyes,laith Au[hn,as r'dj‘" nk f H * he was deceived himfelf, he feeks to deceive others, the Ring-leader to all ZtoperZ’. nauahtinefs,as he did by Eve and Cain,Sodome, and Gomorah, fo would he d tMortaiium g y a u t h e world. Sometimes he tempts by covetoufnels,diunkenneis, tufuncm- pleafure,pride,&c. errcs,dejcas,faves,kils,protedls,and rides fome men, LJdtmon-u, they do their horfes. He ftudics our overthrow, and generally feeks spepm. QUr deftruaion * and although he pretend many times humane good,and mnSUlfap- vindicate himfelf for a god,by curing of feveral difabsagrisjanitatem, fodcccptBSjair rf, ^^cis luwiiwis upon rejfituendo^s AvfHft declares,//&. io.de civit.Dei cap. 6.as of old have donc ; divcrt plagues affill them in human; gate- wars , pretend their happinefs, yet nihil hts mpunus , fceleftuis, nihil hu¬ rts, inj.nto, . • p 1 t r caput.Pmcepsomnium vitiorum,fuit bid: in Deicontumetiam.bominU per" 1 c f Dei ,. b f c Q i th g ca p zlhb.9- si.hb.io zi.Tbcophil.in 11. Mat.Tafil.cp.^i.Leoncm Ser.Tbeodoret.in ii.Cor.ep.il. , v r \ f' r .„ . \ n . f sfobn.Barthol.de prop.l.ic zo.Zancb.lA.demain angelts.Pe-rer.in Gcn.H.mc.6.1 On- & n ^ tia mpva e l H Or S^yl the fame minde is rfellasSc Rhafir tbt Arab Mb. uTra0 . 9 Com. 'Tkattis inbibere ixtm- di f ea f e proceeds e^cdall) from the Devil, and from him alone. ArcuUnus cap. ter y & venenis , • q j ihiflS v£lianus Montaltus in his 9 cap. Daniel Sennertus lib. 1 .part. ttScrc^cap. i 1 . confirm as much,that the Devil can caufe this difeafe , by rea- x impentes p man y times that the parties affe&ed prophefie,fpcak ftrange language, SB23S- but nonfaemtervemuhumoris, not without the humor , as he inteiptets fr:gunty mc?itcs himfelf-, no more doth Avicenna, ft contingat a dxmomo , fufpcit nobis ut Sirs* fol«. Pair.i.Sedt.2. Nature of Spirits. Memb.i.Subf.2. convert at complexioncm ad c holer am nigramjf? Jit caufa ejus prepinqua chole- 5 3 ranigra • the immediate caufe is choler aduft, which * Pompon atius like- *Lib.dcincm, wife labors to make good.- Galgerandus of Mantua a famous Phyfitian,fo cured a demoniacal! woman in his time, that fpakcall languages, by purging black choler, and thereupon belike this humor of Melancholy, is called Balneum Diaboli , the devils Bath - 7 the devil fpying hi$ opportu¬ nity offuch humors drives them many times to dcfpair, fury, rage, &c. mingling himfelf amongftthefe humors. This is that which Tertullian zs texts,Cor pon bus infligunt acerbos cafus,animaq-, repentinospnembra diflor- •querttjcculte repentes,&c.and which Lcmnius goes about to prove, Immi- feent fe malt Gemi pravis humonbus,atq-, atra bili,&c. And ’Iafon Pratenjis , r cap.demnia that the devil being a (lender incomprehenfible (pint , can eafily inftnuate and tvindc himfelf into humane bodies,and cunningly couched in our bowels , vitiate nes,qnum fine our healths,terrife our fouls with fearful dreams , and (hake our minde with fu- Umm ff 'Ju¬ ries. And in another place, Thefe unclean (pints fetled in our bodies, and now tut ji mixt with our melancholy humors , do triumph as it were , and (port themfelves infinuare cor¬ ns in another Heaven. Thus he argues, and that they goe in and out of our bodies, as Bees do in a Hive, and fo provoke and tempt us as they per oc tutu in li. ceive our temperature inclined of it felf, and moft apt to be deluded. ( A- qrippa and c Lavater are perfwaded , that this humor invites the devil to vtkre/ummis it,where(ocver it is in extremity,and of all other,melancholy perfons are mimas tmm moft fubject to diabolical temptations,and illufions, and moft apttoen- Tunb^qUltt- tertain them, and the Devil beft able to work upon them. But whether re. In fmteam fe by obfelfion,or poffeflion,or otherwifc,I wil not determine,’tis a difficult queftion. Delrio the Jefuite,T om.^.lib. 6. Springer and his colleague, mall, tuibij. ‘'Imf. malef.Pet.Thyreus the Jefuite,//^ de damoniacis,dc locisinfe(lis,de Terr if ca- duntesr deiici- tiombus noclurrns ,Hicrommus Mengus Flagel.dam. and others of that ranke TnregiomdT of Pontificiall writers,it feems, by their exorcifmes and conjurations ap- nffmorumfidu prove of it,having forged many ftories to that purpofe. A Nun did eat a Lettice 11 without Grace,or figning it without the Jigne of the Crofs,and was in- (iT.i.cafd ftantly poffefled. Durand.lib. 6 . Rational!. c.%6.num.8. relates that he faw ^cuit.phiiof. a wench poffefled in Bonenia with two devils, by eating an unhallowed de^efrlT * Pomegranate, as fhe did afterwards confefs, when {he was cured by ex-1 sine cruet & orcifmes. And therefore our Papifts do figne themfelves fo ofeen with the figne of the Crofs, Ne damon ingredi aufit , and exorcife all manner of obfeffajiai. meats , as being unclean or accurfed otherwife , as Bellarmine defends. Greg.pag-c. $. Many fuch Stories I findc amongft Pontifical writers,to prove their afler- tions, let them free their own credits *, fomc few I will recite in this kinde out of moft-approved Phyfitians. Cornelius Gemma lib.x.de nat.mirac.c. 4. relates of a young maid,called Katherine Gualter a Coupers daughter. An. 1571. that had fuch ft range paflions and convulfions , three men could not fometimes hold her^fhe purged a liveEele,which he faw a foot and a half long,and touched himfelf^but the Eele afterward vanifhed,fhe vo¬ mited fome 24 pounds of fulfome ftuffe of all colours,twice a day for 14 dayes •, and after that fhe voided great bals of haire,peeces of wood. Pi¬ geons dungjParchmenr, Goofe dung, coals $ and after them two pound of pure blood, and then again coals and ftoncs, of which fome had in- feriptions bigger than a walnut,fome of them pieces of glafs,brafs, &c. befides * Par it It. dc o pific. Dei . u Lib. 28. capy 26. Tom.2, Menib.I.Subf.3 bclides patoxyfmcs of laughing,w«ping and extafics &c. Bt hc(bq»it) am honcre Jdi, this 1 faw with horror. They could do no good on her bv Phvfick,but left her to the Clergy .Marcellus Donatus lib.i.c.i.demed. mrab hath fuch another ftory of a countrey fellow,that had four knives in his be\\w, Inflar (err a dentatos , indented like a Saw, every one a (pan loner and a wreath of hair like a globe, with much baggage of like fort, wnnderfull to behold : how it fliould come into his Guts, he concludes, &*•- ltL 1 • 58 hath many relations to this effeft, and fo hath Chnflopherus a Eega . Wierus Skehkius , Scnbonius , all agree that they are done by the fubtilty and illufion of the Devill. If you lhall ask a reafon of this, tis to exer- cife our patience ; for as * Tertitlhan holds ,Virtus non eft virtus,mft compa- ' rent habet aliment , in quofuperando vimfuam ofiendat } tis to me us and out- faith ’tis for our offences, andforthepuniftiment of our fins by Gods r>prrni(Tion thev do kXarntfccs vtndicl a juft* Dei,^Tolofanus (hies them. Executioners of his will,or rather as David, rf. jS.ver. 49. He caft upon them the Her cert efts of his anger, indignation ., wrath , and vexation, by fending out of evill Angels: So did he afflidl lob, Saul, the Lunaticks and d*mo- niacall perfons whom Chrift cured,Mar.4.8.4.1 i.Luk 13. Mark 9. 7obit. 2.3. &c. This, I fay,happeneth for a pumfhment of fin, for their want*of faith, incredulity, weaknefs, diftruft, &c. Sub sec. 3. Of Witches and Magicians, hew they caufe Melancholy. •' Ou have heard what the Devill can do of himfelf, now you (hall hear what he can perform by his in- ftruments,who are many times worfe(if it be poffiblc) then he himfelf, and to fatisfie their revenge and luft, caufe more mifehief , c JMulta emm mala non egifj'et dxmon , nifi provocatus a Sagis , as * Eraftus thinks, much harme had never been done, had he not been provoked by Witches to it. He had not appeared in 5 amuels (hape , if the Witch of Endor had let him alone , or reprefented thofe Serpents in Pharos prefence, had not the Magicians urged him unto it: Necmor- Los vel hominibus, velbrutis infligeret ( Eraftus maintains ) ft Sag a quie- (ccrent- Men and cattle might goe free, if the Witches would let him alone. ’Many deny Witches at all, or if there be any , they can do no harme • of this opinion is Wierus , lib. 3. cap. 5 3. de praftig. dam. Lufkin Lerchemer a Dutch Writer, Biarmanus, Ewichius , Euwaldus , our Coun¬ trey-man Scot , with him in Horace , S omnia, terrores CMagicos, miracula,fagas. No (turn os Lemures,portentaq , Tbcflala riftt > Excipiunt - They lau°h at all fuch Stories, but on the contrary are moft Lawyers, Divines Phyfitians, Philofophers, Aufttn, Hemingius, Danatts, chytrxus , 5 3 ‘ Zanchitts, Purt.i.Sed.a. Caufes of c JM.elanchol'j. Mcmb.i.Subi'.j' Zanchim , Arctitts,&’C.Delr;oflpringer, * Niderius lib.j.Fornicar.Cniatius , ‘j 5 Sartolns.confil. 6.tom.i.Bodine dxyKomant.lib.i.cap.Z. Godelman , Dumb ode- * Et quomoda ritis , Paracelfus, Erafttts, ersbanius, Camerarms, &c. The parties by vcm-fafiaut whom the Devil deals, may be reduced to thefe two, inch as command him in fhcw at lcaft,as Conjurers, and Magicians, whofedeteftable and horrid myfteries are contained in their book called * Arbatcll • dxmones enim advoeati pr&floJunt , Jeej v exorcifmis & conjur ationibus quafi cogi pad- dltbaJepr*- untur,ut miferum magorumgenus in impictate dedneant.Ot fuch as are com- fig- mandcd,as Witches,that deale ex parte implicit e,or explicit e.jxs the >’ King yRcxJaco y M hath well defined-,many fubdivifions there are,and many feveral fpecics t>*mmoL 1. 1. of Sorcerers,Witches,Inchanters,Charmers,&c. They have been tole- c i ‘ rated heretofore fomc of them *, and Magick hath been publikely profef- fed in former times, in T Salamanca, * Cracovia , and other places, though ^ AnUaiv . r after cenfured by feveral "Univerfitics, and now generally contradicted, . p iinc though pradifed by fomc ftill, maintained and exculed, Tanquam res fc- in ola CaMe. creta qua non nifi vires magnis & peculiari benificio de Coelo inflruclis commit- Xown^pa. nicaturi .1 u(e * Boefartus his vvords)and fo far approved by fome Princes, land. Vt nihil a»fi aggredt in politicise# facris,in confides,[no eortem arbitno 5 they . confult ftill with them,and dare indeed do nothing without their advife. n cmP. Lum¬ pier o and Heliogabalus , Maxentius, and Julianas Apojlata , were never fo horde much addicted to Magick of old, as fome of our modern Princes and** Popes themielves are now adayes. Emeus King or Sweden , had an in- fias. db. chanted Cap, by venue of which, and fome magicall murmur or whif- * Rotau b m b Pu pering termes he could command fpirits, trouble the ayre, and make the fl^veJosvi. windc ftand which way he would, infomuch that when there was any otaMstimt, great windc or ftormc, the common people were wont to fay, the King now had on his conjuring Cap. But fuch examples are infinite. That parum‘iLc. which they can do, is as muchalmoft as the devil himfelf, who is ftill ready to fatisfie their defires, to oblige them the more unto him. They can caufetcmpefts, ftormes, which is familiarly pradifed by Witches in Horwcy flfland, as I have proved.They can make friends enemies,and ene¬ mies friends by philters •, b Ttirpes amores conciliate, enforce love, tell any . man where his friends are,about what employed,though in the moft re- E ' a ' mote places •, and if they will, * Bring their [meet hearts to them by night,up- * M;ni p crio on a Goats back flying in the ayre.Sigifmund S c her et\im,part. i .cap-9.de fled, bird Lclum. reports confidently,that he conferred with fundry fuch,that had been fo * smiles nup . carried many miles, and that he heard Witches themfelves confefs a s t0S&inhabllcs • much^hurt,and infed men and beafts,Vines,Cornc, Cattle,Plants,make ttudSZdL Women abortive, not to conceive, * barren , men and women unapt and lVmci.n . Pau- unable, married and unmarryed,fifty feveral wayes,faith Bedine lib. i.c.i. l “ m f ulcl ^ flie in the ayre,meet when and where they will, as Cicogna proves, & La- vat.defleet.part.i. c. ly.fteale young children out of their cradles, minifterio remtur. did dtemonum, and put deformed in their roomes,which rve call Changelingsflmh. ^amvr“- *Scheret%im,part. 1 .c.d.make men vidorious,fortunate,eloquent-,&there- ■tm^£l° ,wa fore in thofe ancient Monomachies and combats they were fearched of c MlUes - old, c they had no Magical charmes 5 they can make J flick frees, fuchas jL^S^ fhall endure a Rapiers point. Musket fhot, and never be wounded : of turner Loon. which rcade more in Boijfardus cap. 6. de CMagia, the manner of the ad- juration Part. i.Sedt.2. Nature of Devils. Memb.i.Subf.3. 5 6 juration, and by whom ’cis made, where and how to be ufed in expeditio- — - tli bcllicis,prxliis,duellis , &c. with many peculiar inftances and exam¬ ples-, they can walk in Hery furnaces, make men feel no pain on the e Lavat.cic^. \yrack, ant altos torturas Jentire they can ftanch blood, C reprcfent dead mens fhapes,alter and turn themfelves and others into feverall formes, at * Hoijjardus mc pi ea f urcs . * Agaberta a famous Witch in Lapland, would do as much publickly to all fpeT,udem, adds ) many difeafes arefign.fied, effect ally the Head and Brain is ike to be &c. mif-affefted with pernicious humors, to be melancholy , lunatick, or mad, "mpSatf'!' Cardan adds, quart a limit natos Eclipfes , Earth-quakes. Gar cams and gignendampin- Leovitius will have the chief Judgment to be taken from the Lordof rl ff! co ±f the geniture, or when there is anafpeCt betwixt the Moon and Mercury, f3lus ‘ an j nc ither behold the Hcrofcope, or Satnrne and Mars fhall be Lordof xi^hiotics t j ie p re f ent conjunction or oppofition in Sagittary or Pi fees, of the Sun or lalnwftT cWflw,fuch perfons are commonly Epilcpuck,de)te,Dc'emoniacal J Melan- advrrfofigni choly : but fee more of thefe Aphorifmfs in the above-named Pontanus. ^filter’ Ga r cl us cap. 23. de Iud. gemtur. Schoner.lib. 1. cap. 8. which he hath ga- umcrfatf thered out of a P/ olomy,AIbubater, and forne other Arabians, lunciine,Ran- 'tiaraa $ vd Z ovins,Lindhout,Origan,&c. but thefe men you will reject peradventure, as Aftrologers, and therefore partial Judges-,then hear the teftimony tus ab rnfdnia ^ fPhyfitians, Galenefs themfelves, b Carto confefleth the influence of Stars to have a great hand to this peculiar difeafe, fodoth lafonPraten- IfbTjiiierum W Lonicerius pro:fat. de Apoploxiii , Ficinm, Terndius, &c . c P.Cntmander in admin'site- ac ^ now ledgeth the Stars an univerfal caufe, the particular from pa- iZbilulm rents, and the ufe of the fix non-natural things. Bap tif a Port. mag. 1 . 1. vtmntjnetau- ( lQ i2jI5 . vvill have them caufes to every particular indtvidium. In. t'XaSur dances and examples, to evince the truth of thofe Aphorifms, arc com- fii iU os in*- m on amongft thofe AftrologianTreatifes.cW^ in his 37. geniture,gives dl H lt confg’i inftance in c JM-ath. Bolognius. Camerar. hor. natalit. centur.y.gemt. 6 ,& 7. > mtmentecaptus. a Ptolomaus ce*ti!^nio,& q,iadeipartitotribmt omniummclancboiiuruaifjmptma fydirum ■a.rth b Arte Medic* accedM adh*scau(asaft£lm(s fyderum. I'Ur mm mitant &provocM mftutnn* calefies. SSfc 4. cap. is. C HMPmmSncd. z.dtmcl. Pa;t.i.Scd.2. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.iSubf.4 of Darnel Garc, and others^but fee Gracaus cap.i3.Luc.Gauncut.Traci.6-de 59 AZemenis,drc. the time of this melandoly is, when the fignificators of any geniture are directed according to Art, as the Hor: Moon, Hylech, &c,to the hoftile bcames or tcrmes of h and cT efpecially, or any fixed Star of their nature,or if by his revolution,or tranfttus, (hall offend any of thofe radical promiffors in the geniture. Other fignes there are taken from Phyfiognomy,Metopofcopy,Chiro¬ mancy, which becaufe lob. de lndagine , and Roman the Landgrave of Hafita his Mathematician,not longe iince in hisChiromancy-,2?4/>f//?4 Por¬ ta in his celeftial Phyfiognomy, have proved to hold great affinity with Aftrology,to fatisfie the curious,! am the more willing to infer:. d J»h.de.indag. The general notions d Phyfiognomers give,be thefe •, Black colour,argttes cap. 9 .Montat. natural melancholy, fo doth leannef , hirfuitnef,broad v ernes,much hair on the brouees, faith 6 Gratanarolus cap. 7. and a little Head, out of Anpetle, high quir babenticerc- fanguine,red colour fiiewes head melancholy 5 they that flutter and are bald, will be fooneft melancholy, (as Avicenna fuppofeth) by reafon of the drynefs of their brains, but he that will know more of the feveral inedwt m Me- fignes of humors and wits out of Phyfiognomy, let him confult with old Adamantus and Polemus, that comment,or rather paraphrafe upon Arijlot- lAmMm uiu\ let Phyfiognomy ,Baptifa Port as four plcafant books, Michael Scot de fc- ««.«J G*id cretisnatura, John de lndagine, dMontaltus, Antony Z ar a.anat .ingeniornm. fsatumm'a feft. 1 .memb. 13.& lib.Of. Rafcettaper Chiromancy hath thefe Aphorifmcs to foretel melancholy. Tafneir.lib. •y.cap.i, who hath comprehended the fum of John de lndagine : Tncafns, airtiiemmu- Corvinusjnd others in his book,thus hath it-,' The Saturnine line going from msaturni,* the Rafcetta through the hand, to Saturnes mount , and there interfered by cer - tain little lines, argues melancholy 5 fo if the vital and natural make an acute itmeiastchuhcos. angle , phorifme 100. 7 he Saturnine, Epatickand natural lines, making a greffe triangle in the hand, argue as much ^ which Goclenitts cap. 5. Chirof. m:jtms,conti~ repeats verbatim out or him.In general they conclude all, that if Saturnes mount be full of many fmall lines & interfetfions -fuel) men are moft part melancholy, miferable and full of'difcjuietncJJe, care and trouble , continually dine ubm vexed with anxious and bitter thoughts, alto ay forr cupful, fearful , fu (pit ions they delight in husbandry, buildings, peoles, Marfhes , fprings, woods, ivalkcs , firm, intra &c. Thaddaus Haggefius in his Metopofcofia , hath certain Aphorifms dc- ' rived from Saturnes lines in the fore-head,by which he colle&s a melan- [ffiioffmcu- choly difpofition 5 and h Baptifta Porta makes obfervations from thofe aufi.-coguat.- other parts of the body, as if a fpot be over the fpleenj 1 or in the nadesjffffffff™^ it appear black, it fgnifieth much care, grief, contention, and Melancholy •,(Ui>iaamant > & f T he reafon he refers to the humors,and gives inftance in himfelf,that for 19 * feven years fpace he had fuch black fpots in his nailes,and all that while /&,. * was in perpetual Law-futcs,controverfies for his inheritance,fear,lofs °^ n c f e f ts lt f^ honor, banifhment, grief, care, Scc.and when his miferies ended,the black ffffffff; fpots vanifhed. Cardan in his book de libris pr opr its, tels fuch a ftory of Hmmacuufi his own perfon, that a little before his fons death, he had a black fpot, which appeared in one of his nailes •, and dilated it lelfas lancholiam he came nearer to his end. But I am overtedious in thefe toyes, which howfoever, in fome mens too fevere cenfures, they may be held abiurd " ,c# " and Part. i. Sett. 2. Caufesof CMelancholy. Memb.i.Subf.5. ~ 60 and ridiculous, I am the bolder to infert,as not borrowed from circum- -foranean Rogues and Gipfies, but out of the writings of worthy Philo- fophers,and Phyfitians,yet living fomc of them, and religious Profeffors infamous Univerfities, who are able to patronize that which they have faid, and vindicate themfelves from all cavillers and ignorant perfons. S U B S E C T. old age a eaufe b Lib. i. Path. cap. 11 . c Veriit enim proper ata malis inopiua feneft- us: it dolor atatemjuffit incjfc mam Boethius met -1 de coafol. Phi - lof. dcap»de humo * '/ibiM x hb*de Anima. etfeceflarium accident tem¬ pi t is r ' : f c ~ parabile. *Pfa.$ 0.10. f Meter an Mi biJUib.i, g Sunt morofty dnxti>etiracun- di ct diffiales fenesji queen- tnus,ctiam avari Tull de fcnc- flute. hLib.z.dc Au- lico. Senes ava- ri- ) moroJi J jatt.i- bundiypbilautiy deliriJupcrfti- tiofi.fufpitiofi, &c. Lib . 3 de La- milsjap ,17 .Ct 18. iEcundary peculiar caufes efficient, fo called in refpett 1 of the other precedent, are either congenita ; interna , innata as they terme them, inward, innate, inbred *, or elfe outward and adventitious, which happen to us, after we are borne: congenite or borne with us, are ei¬ ther natural, as old age, or praternaturam ( as b Feme - - lius cals it) that diftemperature, which we have from our Parents feed, it being an hereditary difeafe. The firft ofthefe, which is natural to all, and which no man living can avoid, is c old age, which being cold and drie, and of the fame qualitie as Melancholy is, muft needs eaufe it, by diminution of fpirits and fubftance, and increafingof aduft humors ^Thercfo^cJ^wtf/tfw avers out of Arijlotle , as an un¬ doubted truth, Senes plerunque delirajje in fenecta , that old men familiar* ly dote, ob atram btlem, for black choler, which is then fuperabundant in them:and Rhafis that Arabian Phyfitian in his Cont.lib. 1 . cap. 9. cals it £ a neccffary and infeparable accident, to all old and decrepit perfons. After 70 years as the Pfal mill faith ) all is trouble and forrow and common ex¬ perience confirmes the truth of it in weak and old perfons, efpeciallyin fuch as have lived in attion all their lives, had great imployment, much bufinefs, much command, and many fervants to over-lee, and leave off ex abrapto * as f Charts the fift did to King Philip, refigne up ail on a fud- den *they are overcome with melancholy in an inftant:or if they do con¬ tinue in fuch courfes, they dote at laft, t fenex bis puer ) and are not able to manage their eftates through common infirmities incident in their age* full of ache, forrow and grief,Children again,dizards, they Carle many times as they fit, and talk to themfelves,they arc angry,wafpiffi, difplca- fed with every thing, fuftitious of all, wayward,covetous,hard, (faith Fully ) fdfe-willed,fuperfiitious, [elfe-conceited,br aggers and admirers of themfelves, as s Balthafar C aft alio hath truly noted of them. This natural infirmity is moft eminent in old women, and fuch as are poor, folitary, live in mod bafe eftcem and beggery,or fuch as are Witches* Infomuchthat Wierus, Babtifia Porta, F Incus Molitor , Edwicus, do refer all that witches arc faid to do,to Imagination alone, and this humor of melancholy. And where¬ as it is controverted, whether they can bewitch cattle to death, ride in the ayre upon a Coulftaffe out of a Cimney-top, transforme themfelves into Cats,Dogs,&c. tranflate bodies from place to place, meet in com¬ panies. Part.i.Sc. i. fo doth y CV4fo in an Epiftle of his to Monavius. So --— doth Bruno Sadelim in his book de morho incur ah. CMontaltus pi oves cap. StnlfcL- ix. out of Hippocrates and Plutarch, that fuch hereditary dilpofitions 7iQbi[cum ilia are frcciucnt, d? htwc ( i)U\uit)fien ycoy oh pAYticipAtAW wtclaYicbolicdffl intern- diturfy& u»a perant f am ^caking ofa patient) I think he becamefo by participation of blmium^rn Melancholy. Daniel Serwrtus Lb. i. part.i. cap. 9 > will have his melan¬ ge afjem.fo. c h 0 iy conftitution derived not only from the father to the fon, but to ?Hrfhumnf the whole family lometimes-^« andoque mis famihis hereditattvam. 1 Fo- rumaffectum. re a us j n his medicinal obfervations,illuftrates this point,with an example mb 10.+ o p a mcrc hant his Patient,that had this infirmity by inheritance ; fo doth Jnvat.15. Rodericw ^ Fo „f ec ^ Tom. i .confnl.69. by an inftance of a young man that a aw** was a fF e fted cx matrc melancholic a ,had a melancholy Mother,^ viftu Gc ° 1 ' meUncholicojnd bad diet together .Lodovtcm Mercatus ,a Spanilh Phyfiti- b stpenonem -an in that excellent Traft, which he hath lately written of hereditary demjedfimi dif ca f cs jom.i.opeYMb .$.reckonsup Leprofie,as thofe a G albots in Gajconj, hereditary Lepers,Pox, Stone, Gout,Epilepfie,&c.Ainongflthc reft,this and Madnefic after a let time comes to many, which he cals a miraculous thins in nature,and flicks for ever to them as an incurable habit. And that which is more to be wondered at, it skips in fome families the rathe r>anct ooestothe fon, h cr tales every other, andJometimes every third in a line all delcent and doth not always produce the fame Jut fome like, and afymholizwg difeafe !Thefe fecundary caufes hence derived, are commonly lo power- ful,that as £ Wolpbiu* holds) fape mutant deer eta fyderum , they do often al¬ ter the primary caufes, and decrees of the heavens. For thefe reafons be* the Church and common*wealth,humane and divine laws,have con- fpired to avoid hereditary difeafes, forbidding fuch marriages as are any whit allyed.and as Mercatus advifeth all families,to take fuch,/ fieripofit qua maxime difiant natur 4,and to make choice of thofe that ar^ moft dif- jf cr in Arifiachonim , ambos ftultos and which * Erafmus urgeth in his Mena, fools beuet wife men .Card.fubt.l. 12.gives this can te.^utmiam [pi- ritus fapientum ob ftudtum refolvuntur , & hi cerebrumferuntur a corde : be- A ff tei “* J/H PJ jupurtt’ nrrr vis JO -j w - - j -vneil were caufe their natural fpirits are refolvcd by fludy, and turned into ani-fooi«. s. b u Part.i.Scd.2. Caufes of (Melancholy. Mcmb.i .Subf.6 64 > mal •, drawn from the heart, and thofe other parts to the brain, 'Lemnius -fubferibes to that of Cardan, and aflignes this reafon,jjW perfolvant debi- tum l an guide $ obfeitanter,unde foetus a parentum generojitate defcifcit.thcy pay their debt (as P attic als it) to their wives remifiely, by which meanes their Children arc weaklings,and many times ideots and fooles. Some other caufes are given, which properly pertain, and do proceed from the mother:Ifflie be over-dul,heavy,angry, peevifli, difeontenced, and melancholy,‘not only at the time of conception, but even all the f D: occul.nat • while (liecarries the childein her wombe (faith Fernelius path, l.i.n.) miu her fon wil befo likewifeaffeqid (faith he) at Wittcnbergc in Germany , a Citizen that looked like a carkafs 5 dtx,t>Scc ,' r , be- k asked him the caufe, he replyed,His Mother when fhe bore him in her wembe, venajtiT ‘ faw a carkaffe by chance,and was fo fore affrighted with it,that ex eo foetus ei maxima pars a flf im ilatus, from a ghaftly imprefion the childe was like it. %‘bcmnTfa: So many feveral wayes are we plagued and punifhed for our fathers dc- quamobrempr*. f a uks-,in fo much that as Fernelius truly faith, x It it is the greatejl part of tl crni'conful our felicity to be wel-born, and it were happy for humane kinde, if only fuch pa- fimvidmtur, rents ns are found of body and minde , jhould be fuffered to marry. An husband. fifthpare»tes man w q p ow nonc but the beft & choifeft feed upon his land,he will not ftni,Mcm%c- rear a Bull or an Horfe, except he be right fhapen in all parts, or permit ramdarent. him to cover a Mare, except he be well allured of his breed* we make mfacipiZ' choice of the beft Rams for our fheep,rear the neateft Kine,and keep the nccati.Bohe- beftdogs ,Quanto iddiligentiusinprocreandisliberisebfervandum? And how "Zuducones careful then fhould we be in begetting of our children i In former times jZypfiZ fome> Countries have been fo chary in this behalf,fo ftern,that if a childe cpift$i.cent. were crooked or deformed in body or minde,they made him away-,fo did nyjhvMerZfi the Indians of old by the relation of Curtins,& many other wel-governed quos aiiqua ' commonwealths, according to the difeipline of thofe times. Heretofore Znemutiks i* 1 Scotland,kith z He ft.Boethius, if any were vifited with the falling (tekneffe, mavltintaKc- madnefs, gout , leprofie, or any fuch dangerous difeafe , which was likely to be arijubent propagated from the father to the fon, he was inflantly gelded a woman kept Zum'scoio-' from allcompany of mem, and if by chance having fome fuch difeafe, fhe were turn moribus . Morbo comitiall , dementiafnaniajcpra^&c.aut fimili labejfu.t facile inprolem trenfmittitur, labor antes inter cosjngenti facia indaginejnventosme gens feda contagione ladcrctur^ex Us nata 3 caflraverunt a mulieres biijufmodi procul a virorum confertia nblcganint f\uod ft bteem aiiqua concepijjc invm\ebatm>fimnl cum f«»‘ I g«- which onely alter the matter. The firftof thefe is Diet, which con- [oibmumtu- fifts in meat and drink, and caufeth melancholy, as it offends in Sub- ter y etiamfi all - ftance, or Accidents, that is. Quantity, quality, or the like. And well it may be called a material caufe, fince that as c Fernelius holds. It hath ip u „ Ce f*pee- ftch a power in begetting of difeafes, and yields the matter and fufienance of 'ffffff them ; for neither air, nor perturbations, nor any of thofe other evident caufes c ^f ente 1 • take Parc. i. Scd.2. Mcmb.a. Subf.i. Caufcs of Melancholy. d Cogd/hEliot, VaubdnJfmcrt 66 take place, or work this effect, except the conffitutim of body, and preparation - of humors do concur, 'that a man may fay, this Diet is the mot her* of dfeafes , let the father be what he will, and from this alone, Melancholy and f requent other maladies arife. Many Phyfitians, Iconfefs> have written copious volumes of this one fubjeft, of the nature and qualities of all maner of meats 5 as namely, Galen, Ifaac the few, Halyabbas ; Avicenna, Mefue alfo four Arabians : Gordonius, Vi danov anus, Wicker, "Johannes Bruit mas ftologiade Efculentis & Poculcrftis, Michael Savonarola, Tract. 2. c,S. An~ thorn Tumanellus , lib. deregiwinc femm, Curio in his Comment on Schola Salima, Godefridus Stekius arte med. CMarfilms cognat us, Ftcinm , Ran- zoviits, Fonfeca, Left us, CMagninus , regim. fanitatis, Frietagius, Hugo Fridevallius, &c. befides many other m d Engli(h, and almoft every peculiar Phyfuian, difeourfeth at large of all peculiar meats in his Chapter of Melancholy: Yet becaufe thefe Books are not at hand to every man, I will briefly touch what kinde of meats ingender this hu¬ mor, through their feveral fpecies, and which are to be avoyded. How they alter and change the matter, fpirits firft, and after humors, by which wc are preferved, and the confticution of our body ,Fcrnelius and others will fliew you. I haften to the thing it felf : And firft of fuch Diet as offends in fubftance.- Beef. Beef,a ftrong and hearty meat(cold in the firft degree,dry in the fecond faith Gal. L3.c1.de alim.fac.) is condemned by him,and all fucceeding Authors,to breed grofs melancholy blood: Good for fuch as are found, and of a ftrong conftitution, for laboring men,if ordered aright,corned, young,of an Ox (for all gelded meats in every fpecies are held beft) or if C Friftagius. old, c fuch as have been tired out with labor,are preferred. Aubanus and Sabellicus commend Portugal Beef to be the moft favory,beft,and eafieft of digeftion : we commend ours: but all is rejetf ed, and unfit for fuch as lea§ a refty life,any ways inclined to Melancholy,or dry of complexi¬ on : Tales ( Galen thinks) de facile melancholic is agritudinibus capiuntur. Pork, of all meats is moft nutritive in his own nature, but altogether unfit for fuch as live at eafe, are any ways unfound of Body or Minde : Too moyft, full of humors, and therefore noxia delicatis ,faith Savanaro- la,ex ear urn lift at ditbitetur anfebris quart an a generetur: Naught forquea- fic ftomacks,in fo much,that frequent ufe of it may breed a quartan ague. Savanarola difcomiUends Goats fltill,and fo doth f Bruerinus,l. 13.C.19. calling it a filthy beaft,and ramiih ^ and therefore fuppofeth it will breed . rank and filthy fubftance : yet Kid, fuch as are young, and tender, ifaac accepts, Brtier intis and Galen, l.i.c.i.de aliment orum facultatibus. Hart,and Red Deer § hath an evil name, it yields grofs nutriment a ftrong and great grained meat,next unto a Horfe. Which although fome Coun¬ tries^, as Tartars, and they of China-, yet h Galen condemns. Young Foals are as commonly eaten in Spain , as Red Deer, and to furnifti their Navies, about Malaga efpecially, often ufed *, but fuch meats ask long baking, or Teething, to qualifie them, and yet all will not ferve. AlfVemfon is.melancholy,and begets bad blood ^ apleafanc meat: in great eftcem with us, (for we have more Parks in England, then there arc ° m all Europe befides) in our folemn feafts. 'Tis fomewhat Pork. If tic. Goat. f on Uad.it nr quU wcUstcbo- lutm pvcCt/cL alimmum. Km. g Ma'c afit ccrvini quit F'ictegitti) atthbifrtiriittn fnpf cdlm ati- mhttcih. h ?jb. dffttbli- ni can) & &fi- 711711 CfUUliS ‘ d&d* c(l hmi- nibtit £>■' sfibi- Venifocij Fal- Jew Da r. • Kfrrpt* Part. i. Sed.2. Caufesof Melancholy. Memb.i. Subf.] 67 better hunted then otherwife, and well prepared by cookery-, but generally bad, and feldom to be ufed. b - Hare, a black meat, melancholy, and hard of digeftion, it breeds'/;?- Hare. cubits, often eaten, and cauleth fearful dreams, fo doth all Venifon, and is condemned by a Jury of Phyfitians. Miyaldus and fome others, fay. That Hare is a merry meat, and that it will make one fair, as CMartials Epigram teftifies to Gellia $ but this is peraccidens , bccaufeof the good fport it makes, merry company, and good difeourfe that is commonly at the eating of it, and not otherwife to be underftood. 1 Conies are of the nature of Hares, c JMagmnus compares them to Conies. Beef, Pig, and Goat, Reg. fanu.part.^.c. 17. yet young Rabbets by all men, are approved to be good. ' ' pn-um. ' Generally, all fuch meats as are hard of digeftion,breed melancholy, Broerinus > l - jiretetts , lib y.cap.y. reckons up heads and feet, k bowels, brains, entrals, pluolumten:- marrow, fat, blood, skins, and thofe inward parts, as heart,lungs, liver, yci &• optima - fpleen ,&c. T hey are rejected by Ifaac, lib. 2. part. 3. Magnims , part 3. am capiy. Bruerinus, lib.12. Savanarola, Rub.32. Fract.2. provocant. Milk, and all that-comes of Milk, as Butter and Cheefe, Curds, &c. Milk, increafe melancholy < Whey onely excepted, which is raoft wholfom:) 1 fome except Affes Milk. jThe reft, to fuch as are found, is nutritive 1 Pi p tm Alt0m and good,cfpecially for young children, but becaufefoon turned to cor- »«•. * rupyon, ” not good for thole that have unclean ftomacks, are fubjed to ™ head .ch, or have green wounds, Stone, &c. Of all Cheefes, I take that S.pm\. kinde which we call Banbury cheefe to be the beft/x vetujlispefsimusj. he ea ? 17 Mc >- older., ron>?er,and harder,the worft,as Langius difeourfeth in his Epiftle to Melanffhon^ckcdby Mi^aldus, lfxac,p. j. Gal.3. decibis bom [active. Excepts all” Amongft Fowl," Peacocks and Pigeons,all fenny Fowl are forbidden, Hy fc ec ^ndria- - as Ducks> Geefe, Swans, Herns, Cranes,Coots,Didappers,Waterhens, cJauiTncho- ' with all thofe Teals, Curs, Sheldrakes, and peckled Fowls, that come Iy - hither in winter out of Scar.dia , Mufcovy , Greenland, Frienland , which nZc^ syn. half the yeer are covered all over with fnow, and frozen up. Though thefe be fair in feathers, pleafant in tafte, and have a good ouc-fide, like *tT''o Hypocrites, white in plumes,arid foft, their fleftris hard,black, unwhol- & fome, dangerous, melancholy meat Gravant & putrefaciunt Jlemachum , faith lfaac r part 5. de vol. their young ones are more tolerable,but young Pigeonshe quire difproves. Rbafis and 0 Magnims difeommend all Fifti, and fay, They breed ™“ lS f'ifcofit!fs,{\imy nutriment, little and humorous nourilhment. Savanarola 3. V ’ 1 ** addes told, moyft, andphlegmatick, ifaae $ and therefore unwholfom for all cold and melancholy complexions : others make a differencc,re- jeding onely amongft frefli-water filh, Eel, Tench, Lamprey, Crawfiih (which' Bright. approves* cap. 6.) and fuch as are bred in muddy and Standing waters, and have a tafte of mud, as Francifeus Bonfuetus poeti¬ cally defines. Lib. de.aquatihbits. Nam pifees tnines, qui jlagna, lacufque frequent ant, Semper plus fucci deterioris habent. All fifti, that ftanding Pools, and Lakes frequenr, Do ever yield bad juyee and nourifliment, I ^ Lampreys Part.i. Se&.z. Canfes of Melancholy* Memb.2. Subf.i. 6 o Lampreyes, Paulas fovtus, c.34. depifctbusfluvial, highly magnifies, _ _ an d faith. None fpeakagainft them, but inepti and fcrupulofi, fome fcru- p o,mioco & pulous perfons •, but * Eels,c.n. he Morreth matt places, ataUtmes,aU omnitempore phyfitidfts detefl them } efbecially about the Solflice. Gomeftus^ltb.ta Coil* Medici de - - ^Oth illllTlodcrEtcly CXtol Sea-fifii, which others asmuch vilifie, ;&5r- ind above the reft, dryed, fowced, indurate fifh, as Ling Furoados, um wcafob u ec t-herrings,Sprats,Stock'fifh,Haberdine, Poor-John, all Schell-run. iTim.Brigl excepts Lobftar and Crab. Me/fmu ,commends Salmon, fanistr.viagii. w hich Bruerinus contradifts, Lib. 22. c. 17. Magmnus rejects Congrc, ^ <5 «fM h e S Sturgeon, Turbet, Mackerel, Skate. . .. lEw,. Carp is a fifh, of which, I know not what to determine. fraafau todnetus accompts it a muddy fifli. Hipfolttus Stlvums in his Book de P/fcitim natural preparation, which was Printed at Rome in Folio , 15 54. with moft elegant Pictures, efteems Carp no better then a (limy watery meat. Paulas Xovius on the other fide, difallowing Tench, approves of it; fo doth D«brtvim in his Books of Fiih-ponds. 'extols it omniumjitd'tio for an excellent wholfom meat, and puts ltamongft the Fillies or n inter; f im*no. , „ , . an J fo do moft of our Country Gentlemen, that ftore their Ponds alraoft with no other fifli. But this controverfic is eafily decided, in my judgment,by BruerimsJ.i 2. c.13. The difference nfeth from the r vo» ell dubi- fite and nature of Pools/fometimes muddy ,fometimesfweet 5 theyarc um, quin fro i n ta ft e a s the place is, from whence they be taken. In like mancr almoft fitu 3 mav conclude of other frefh-fifh. But fee more in Rondoletms, BeUo - “iZL,. 0 ,MIfoocJ. cfpccially Hippilitus SelvUnus. tor urn fortidn- who is inftar omnium foitu, &c. Howfoever they may be whollome S?fSE; and approved, much ufc of them is not good , P. Ferefim - mhis Medt- atibi lutuknti - cinal obfervations, 'relates, That Carthufian Fryers, whofe living is m h r ,,, moft part fifh, are more fubjecl to melancholy then any other order, and t obferv.*. 6 . that jP found by experience> being fometimes their Phyfiuan ordinary at Delph in Holland. He exemplifies it with an inftance of one Buffedntfc a Carthufian of a ruddy colour, and well liking, that by folitary living, and fifh-eating, became fo mifaffedted. . Amongft Herbs to be eaten, I finde Gourds, Cowcumbers, Cole- worts, Mellons, difaUowed,but efpecially Cabbage. It caufcth trouble- fome dreams, and fends up black vapors to the brain. Galen , loc. affect. 1 . 7 . c. 6 . of all Herbs condemns Cabbage •, and lfaac, Itb.z. c.i. A»m& aravitatemfacit, it brings heavinefs to the foul. Some are of opinion. That all raw Herbs and Sallets, breed melancholy blood, except Bug- lofs and Letticc. Crato, confil. 21, hb. 2. fpcaks againft all Herbs and Worts, except Borrage, Buglofs,Fenncl, Parfly,Dill, Bawm, Succory. Maeninas, regim.fanitatis, 3. part. cap. 31. Omnes herbafimplicitermala, ufacibt. All Herbs are fimply evil to feed on fas he thinks.) So did that «rw%, fcoffing Cook in u Plautus hold, aei.i.jcmd. _ Non ego coenam cendiout alii etqutfount, gut mi hi condtt a prat a in pat inis proftrunt, goves epui convivasfaciant, her bafque agger unt. Like other Cooks I do not Supper drefs, That put whole Mcdows into a Platter, And hb 10. Herbs. ParM. Sett.2. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb. z, Subf.i; And make no better of their Gucfts then Beeves, 69 With Herbs and Grafs to feed them fatter. Our Italians and Spaniards do make a whole dinner of Herbs and Sal- lets (which our faid Plautus calls Coen as Terreftres, Horace, cartas, fine [anguine) by which means, as he follows it, x Pljwtus m . * Hie homines tarn brew cm vttam c&lunt —^——• gut her bos huiufmcdi in ahum [turn conger tint, Formtdolofum diclu , non eft modh, guas herb as pectides non edunt, homines edunt. Their lives that eat fuch Herbs, muft needs be fhorc. And ’tis a fearful thing for to report, That men Ihould feed on fuch a kinde of meat, Which very Juments would refute to cat. r They are windy, and not fit therefore to be eaten of all men raw, though qualified with Oyl, but in Broths, or otherwife. See more of quifq ^ thefe in every^usbandman and Herbalift.Roots,#// quorundamgentium conduct, 9 «- opesfint, faith Bruerinus , The wealth of fome Countries, and foie food, are windy and bad, ortroublefome to the head; as Onyons, Garlick, mot, e**punc Scallions, Turnups, Carrets, Radices, Parfnips: Crato, lib.i. conftl.ii. difallows all Roots, though * fome approve of Parfnips and Potatoes. rit, Kcrfleius b Magninus is of Crates opinion, c They trouble the minde, [ending gfofi c*Mj t irnmmdUm fliibuhtm facit, VcktiriSy io.e. e Lib. ii. c 51. Ho/nmi cibus ulihjfimus fim- f)Ux> acervatio ciborum pc[li - fcra^&eond:- menta pcmck- fa, whit os mor- bos multa fer- cula ferunt. f 31- Dec. ix. Nihil deterius • quam fi temp us juftolongiusco- rnedendo pro * trahatur,& varia ciborum genera conjun- guntur: hide MorboYum fca- t!trigo y qua cx YCpugnantia humorum ori¬ tur. 0Fatbl.1x.14 * Juv. Sat .5. h Nimia repu¬ tin' ciborum fa¬ ct t mdambAt- cum. (landing, ill-coloured, thick, muddy water,muft needs have muddy, ill coloured, impure, and infirm bodies. And becaufc the body woiks up¬ on the minde, they (hall have grofier underftandings, dull, foggy, me¬ lancholy fpirits, and be really fubjedt to all maner of infirmities. To thefe noxious fimples,\ve may reduce an infinite number of com. pound, artificial,made d.fhes, of which our Cooks afford us a great va¬ riety, as Taylors do fafhions in our apparel. Such are F uddings U,fk with blood, orotherwife compofed, Baked meats, fowced, indurate meats, fryed, and broyled, buttered meats, condite, powdrea, and over-dryed, ll all Cakes, Simnels, Buns, Cracknels made with Butter, Spice.drf. Fritters, Pancakes, Pies, Salfages, and thofe fcvcraifawces, fharp or over fweet, of which Scientia poping as Seneca calls it, hath ferved thofe c Avici an tricks,and perfumed difhes, which Adrian me fixt Pope fo much admired in the accounts of his predeceffor Leodecmm and which prodigious liot, and prodigality, have invented in this age. Thefe do generally ingender grofs humors, fill the ftomack with crudi¬ ties, and all thofe inward parts with obftrudhons. Montanas, confil.22. gives inftance in a melancholy Jew,that by eating fuch tart fawces,made difhes, and fait meats, with which he was overmuch delighted, became melancholy,and was evil affected. Such examples are familiar and com¬ mon. Subsect. 2. Quantity of dfet a caufe. icrc is not fo much harm proceeding from the fubftancc it felf of meat, and quality of it, in ill dreffing and preparing, as there is from the quantity, diforder of time and place, unfeafonable ufe of it, d intemperance, overmuch, or over¬ little taking of it. A true faying it is, Plures crapula quam oUdius, This gluttony kills more then the fvvord, this omnivor ant ia& honticidagttla, this al-devouring and murdering gut. And that of Pliny is truer. Simple Dyet is the bejt, heaping up of federal meats, is pernicious, and fames jvorfe, many difhes bring many difeafes. i Avicen cryes out, . hac nothin? is norfc then to feed on many difhes, or to protratt the time of meats lonzer then ordinary s from thence proceed our infirmities, and us the fount¬ ain of all difeafes, which arife out of the repugnancy ofgrofs humors. Thence, faith 8 Fernelius , come cruelties, wind,oppilations JCacochymia^P let bora. Cachexia, Bradiopepfta, * Hinc fubiU mortes,atque mtefiata feneclus, fudden clccith«, c • what not. «. • ^ • * As a Lamp is choaked with a multitude of Oyl, oralittle fire with overmuch wood quite extinguifhed fo is the natural heat with im¬ moderate eating , ftrangled in the Body. Permtiofa fentina eft ab¬ domens infaturabile: One faith, An infatiable paunch is a pernicious fink and the fountain of all difeafes, both of Body and Minde. h cm crcurtails will have it a peculiar caufe of this private dileafe Solenander , conftl. 5. feet. 3. illuflrates this of Mercunalis, with an Parr.i. Se&.z. Dyet, a Caufe. Memb.2. Subf.2. 73 example of one fo melancholy, ab intempejlivis commeffationibu-s, un- feafonable feafting. 1 Crato confirms as much, in that often cited Conn-; ; lei, 21 .lib.i. putting fuperfluous eating for a main caufe. But what need I feek farther for proofs < Hear Hippocrates himfelf, Lib.i. Aphorif. io .potmqumtitas Impure bodies the more they are neurifhed, the more- they are hurt, fort he nourifbment isputrifed with vicious humors. poraquanto And yet for all this harm, which apparently follows furfetting and drunkennefs, fee how we luxuriate and rage inthiskinde, read vvhatj".^*^. Johannes Stuckim hath written lately of this fubjeft, in his great Volumn chcmmdi- De Anti quorum Convivt is, and of ourprefent age $ gufim { portent of a cccna, prodigious fuppers, m Out dum invitant ad cccnarn, ejferunt adfepulchrum, \ Kd.gockn. what °Fagos, Epicures.[ Apetios , Heliogables our times afford t Lucullus ghoft walks ftill, and every man defires to fup m Apollo : <^fops c oftly team Com difh is ordinarily ferved up. ■ n MagisilUjuvant , quapluris emuntur Jl '' K apM ' 1 /I J 1 !_ . rv ^ J r H i n The dearefl Cates are belt, and 'tis an ordinary thing to beftow twenty or thirty pound on a difh, fome thoufand Crowns upon a dinner: Mul- ly-Hamet , King of Fez. and Morocco , fpent three pound on the favvee of a Capon : It is nothing in our times, we fcorn all that is cheap. We loathe ® the very light (fome of us, as Seneca notes) becaufe it comes free , and we are ca. nit. fafiidio offended with the Suns heat, andthofe cool blajls, becaufe we buy them not. ffff^ffff This air we breathe is focommon, we care not for-it nothing pleafeth ^‘dfoupmod but what is dear. And if we be q witty in any thing, it is adgulam: If jpintum mere we ftudy at all, it is erudito luxu , to pleafe the palat, and to fatisfie the gut. A Cook of old was a bafe knave (as r Livy complains) but now a great non empties cx man in requejl: Cookery is become an art, a noble fcience: Cooks are Gentle- men: Venter Veus : They wear their brains in their bellies, and their guts '"fff’ffZ in their heads ; as f Agrippa taxed fome parafites of his time, rufhing bn q tngmaptd their own deftruction, as if a man fhould run upon the point of a fword, f^f vUe ttfque dam rump ant nr comedunt : 1 All day, all night, let the Phyfician fay mancipium, what he will, imminent danger,and feral difeafes are now ready to feize upon them, that will eat till they vomit, Edunt ut vomant, vomunt ut nmcan h J, ed edant , faith Seneca ; which Dion relates of VttelLius, Solo tranfitu ciborum c*pta,&c. nutrtri judicatus His meat did pafs through, and away - or till they burft again. u Sir age animantium ventrem oner ant, and rake over all the ventre ingeni - world, as fo many * (laves, belly-gods, and land-ferpents, Et touts orbis m i* trims, ventri nimis angujlus, the whole world cannot fatisfie their appetite • t In Uicrn cos- >' Sea, Land , Rivers , Lakes, &c. may not give content to their raging guts, n-u.st.m. To make up the mefs, what immoderate drinking in every place < Senem “ potnm pot a trahebat anus, how they flock to the Tavern : as if they wer c dates non frttges confumcre nati, born to no other end but to eat and drink, like Of-^ fell ms Btbuhis, that famous Roman parafite, gui dumvixit, aut bibit aut mante^St neca nunxit . as fo many Casks to hold wine , yea worfe then a Cask, that Hd ~ marrs wines,and it felf is not marred by it,yet thefe are brave men. Site- "f fff entia nus Ebritts was no braver. Et qtiafuerunt vitia, mores funt : tis now the ^uttu.^jature fafblonofour times, an honour: Nunc verb res ifiaeo rediit ( as Chryfofi. form. 30. in 5. Ephef. Comments) Vt effeminate ridendaque tgnavia loco rin , tv&naas habc.it or , n He inebriari tis now come to that pafs, that hee is no Sylvius dimi- K Gentleman, Part. i. Se&.2. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.a. Subf.2. 74 X PlAHtUS. a Bor. b Dki brevitas conviviis , nottis loxgitudo (lupris conterc * bratur . c Etquopfos capi.vn, in it a- mnta cxcogi- tant nr. d Fom porfian- tur ut ad con- 'vivinm repor - tent nr i rcpleri ut exhanrianty & exbauriri ut bib ant. Ambrof. e Ingentia vzfa vclut ad often - tationem, &c. f Plant its. o Lib.An - rW* r.20. h Gratixmcon- citiant potando. i Notts ad Cx- farcs. k Lib. de cdu- candis pnnu- fum bberis . Gentleman, a very milk-fop, a clown, of nobringing up, that Will nor drink, fit for no company ♦, he is your onely gallant that playes it off fineft, no difparagement now to flagger in the ftreets, reel, mt,&c. but much to his fame and renown 5 as in like cafe Epi die us told Theftrio his fellow fervant, in the 1 Poet, ^dipol / acinus improbttm, one urged, the other replied, At jam aliifecere idem, erit illi iUa res honori , [tis now no fault, there he fo many brave examples to bear one out •, ’tis a credit to have a ftrong brain, and carry his liquor well: The foie contention who can drink moft,and fox his fellow fooneft. ’Tis the fummum bonum of our Tradefmen,Cntve felicity,life and foul,T ant a dulcedine afett ant, faith Pliny , lib. 14. cap. 12. Vt magnapars non aliud vita premium intelligat , their chief comfort, to be merry together in an Alehoufe or Tavern, as our modern Mufcovites do in their Mede-Inns, an d Turks in their Coffa- houfeSjWhich much referable our Taverns * they will labor hard all day long to be drunk at night, and fpend tot ins anni labor es, as S' Ambrofe addes, in a tipling feaft convert day into night, asSe>W4taxethfome in his times, Pervertunt efficia noclis & lucis - when we rife, they com¬ monly go to bed, like our Antipodes, Nofque ubi primus equis oriens afflavit anhelis, lllis [era rubens accendit Itmina vejper. So did Petronius in Tacitus, Heliogabalus in Lampridius, _* Noctes vigil ab at ad ip [urn Mane, diem tottm Jlertebat --- Snymdiris the Sybarite, never faw the Sun rife or fet, fo much as once in twenty yeers. Ferres, againft whomTu/ly fo much enveighs, in Winter he never was extra teBum, vix extra leEhim, never almoft out of bed, b ftill wenching, and drinking 5 fo did he fpend his time, and fo do My¬ riads in our days. They ha vegymnafia bibontim, Ichools and rendezvous ; thefe Centaures and Lapithx , tofs pots, and bowls, as fo many balls, in¬ vent new tricks, asSalfages, Anchoves, Tobacco, Caveare, pickled Oyftcrs,Herrings, Fumadoes, &c. innumerable falt-meats to increafe their appetite, and ftudy how to hurt themfelves by taking Antidotes, c to carry their drink the better: d and when naught elfeferves, they will go forth, or be conveyed out to empty their goreg, that they may return to drink 4- frefh. They make laws, inf an as leges, contrabibendi fallacies, and c brag of it when they have done, crowning that man that is fooneft gone, as their drunken predeceffors have done, - ( quid ego video? Pf. Cum corona Pfeudolum ebrinm tuum -. And when they are dead, will have a Can of Wine with g Marons old woman to be engraven on their tombs. So they triumph in villany, and juftifie their wickednefs 5 with Rablais that French Lucian , drunkennefs is better for the body then Phyfick, becaufe there be more old drunkards, then old Phyiitians. Many fuch frothy arguments they have, h inviting and encouraging others to do as they do, and love them dearly for it (no glewlike to that of good-fellowfhip.) So did Alcibiades in Greece, Nero , Bonofus , Heliogabalus in Rome, or Alegabalus rather, as he was Ailed of old, (as ■ Ignatius proves out of fome old Coyns.) So do many great men ftill, as k Heresbachius obferves. When a Prince drinks till his eyes flare. Parr.i. Sed.2. Memb. 2. Subf.2. Dyet, a Caufe. like Bit:as in the Poet, —--- tile impiger haufit 75 Spumantcm vino pater am) - and comes off cleer'y, found -- Trumpets,'Fife and Drums, the fpe&acors will applaud him, the m Bifhop . . himfelf (if he belie them not) with his Chaplain willfi and by and do as potato, if Ept- rnuch, O dignumprincipe hauflum, ’tvvas done like a Prince. Our Dutchmen fat* s - u U-i- invite all comers with a pail and a difh , Velut infundibula integral obbas ex- ’fnlcmpaferam hauriunt, & in monfir o ft s poculis, ip ft monfir ofi mon fir opus epotant, making exb.w,itpm- barrels of their bellies. Incredibile dictu, as "one of their own Country- . men complains : 0 Quantum hi] nor is irnmodefiifima gens capiat, &c. How saxonia. !a ca they love a man that will be drunk, crown him and honor him for it , hate him lm,m frat e & that will not pledg him, ftab him, kill him : A moft intolerable offence, ‘ipjhbmutat and not to be forgiven. ? He is a mortal enemy that will not drink with him, >» compotatk. as CMunfier relates of the Saxons. So in Poland , he is the bell fervitor, and thehonefteft fellow, faith Alexander Gaguinus, q That drinketh & cimbfi mojl healths to the honor of his mafier , he fhall be rewarded as a good fer- ff ,n f“>Hcre vant, and held the braveft fellow that carries his liquor beft, when as a pi!fm miff Brewers horfe will bear much more then any fturdy drinker, yet for his ^^ppomu 3 noble exploits, in this kinde, he fhall be accounted a moil valiant man, %{Thfutmf for r T am inter epulas fortis vir effepotefi ac in hello, as much valor is to be quemlibet ad found in fcafting, as in fighting, and fome of our City Captains, and u f l fjfff i otare ‘ Carpet Knights will make this good, and prove it. Thus they many dibitffffimm times wilfully pervert the good temperature of their bodies, fiifle their wits, ftrangle nature, and degenerate into beafts. ‘clpm^iu^L Some again are in the other extream, and draw this mifehief on their tmcmamicif. heads by too ceremonious and ftrift diet, being over precife, Cockney- &'ff ta ha c b 0 entl like, and curious in their obfervation of meats, times, as that Medicina fjffflffkip fiatica preferibes, juft fo many ounces at dinner, which Lefius enjoyns, ? c °»- fo much at fupper, not a little more, nor a little lefs, of fuch meat, and fl,T'lfZ dc at fuch hours, a dyet drink in the morning. Cock-broth, China-broth, &flftibusex. at dinner. Plumb-broth, a Chicken,a Rabbet,rib of a Rack of Mutton, wing of a Capon,the Merry-thought of a Hen,^c. to founder bodies licuflfbofth this is too nice and moft abfurd. Others offend in overmuch falling : babetur, & Piningadays, faith u Guianerius, and waking anights, as many Moors ffffffif an d Turks inthefe our times do. Anchorites, Monks, and the refl of that plum, fuperflitioiis rank (as the fame Guianerius withefleth. That he hath often feen to have happened in histime) through immoderate fafling,have been frequent- dolinf mil lymad. Of fuch men belike Hippocrates fpeaks, 1. Aphor. 5. when as he bibctm mm- faith, c They more offend in too fparing-diet , and are worfe damnified, then they PoeU that feed liberally, and are ready to furfet. apud stobaum, fer. 18. b ffjd dc die jejuuant> & no file vigilant, facile cadunt in mclancboliam ; & qui nature rnodum excedimt 3 c. craft. Longa famis tolera?itia y ut iis fiepe accidit qui tanto cum fervore Deo fervire cupiimt perjejumum, quod mariiad cffic:antur t ipfc vlii /cepe, in tenni viclu figri delinquent } cx quo fit ut major i afficimtur detriment o , majorque fit error tenni quam fkni&rt viclu. K 2 SUBSECT. Parc. i. Se tii molcftj/e fohnt. e fhn medice vivti>mfere vivit. { Confiictudo ahera nature^ g Hereford- fhire Gloce- *0 rule is fo general,which admits not fomc exception; to this therefore which hath been hitherto faid, (for I fhall otherwife put moft men out of commons! and chofe inconveniences which proceed from the fub- ftance of meats,an intemperate or unfeafonable ufe of •them,cuftomfomewhatdetra&s, and qualifies, ac¬ cording to that of Hippocrates 2. Aphorif. 50. d Such things as ive have been long cujlomed to , though they he evill in their own na¬ ture 5 yet they are lef offenfivc. Otherwife it might well be ob jetted, that itwcreameer e tyrannietolive after thofe ftritt rules of Phyfick ; for ccft«(hte V ° r cu ^ om ' do£ h a ^ ter natuie felf,and to fuch as are ufed to them it makes h lco Afn-.it. bad meats wholfome, and unfeafonable times to caufe no diforder. Ci- fcio camcionm derand Perry are windy drinks, fo are all fruits windy in themfelves, nHpratma* ccdd mod: P aic > Y et m fome {hires of s England ', Normandy in France,Gui- dciuiamm pufcoa in Spain , tis their common drink, and they arc no whit offended TSSmur * c * Spainftaly, and Africk r, they live moft on roots, raw hearbs, Greci fifubm Camels h milk,and it agrees well with them; which to a ftrangcr will m'gisqum caufe much grievance. In Wales , lachcwiis vefcttntttr , as Humfrey Lluyd Tnmdn vU confcfteth, a Cambro- Brittain himfelf, in his elegant Epiftle to Abraham mmbatyo di- Ortelim, they live moft on white meats: in Holland on Fifh, Roots, * But- ‘(Tfefcfi ter ’ and at c h* s da Y * n Greece, as * Bellonius obferves, they had much fens) ‘ubifcbu- rather feed on fifh than flefh. With us Maxima pars vicius in came confi- tyrum inter fit, \ve feed on flefh moft part, faith k Poly dor Virgil, as all Northern “ffbeuunfit count ries do-,and it would be very offenfive to us to live after their dyet, cum ft mu. or they to live after ours : We drink beer,they Wine ; they ufe Oyl,we Butter.-we in the North are 1 great eaters,they moft fparing in thofe hot- k Lib.i.bifl. ter Countries : and yet they and we following our own cuftoms,are well ffio-j’ui 1 P^ ea ^ ed * An ^Ethiopian of old feeing an European cat bread, wondred, faiftrUonum. l l u omodofercqribus vefeentes viverimus, how we could eat fuch kinde of theyjZrjeat meats : fo much differed his Country-men from ours in dyet, that as day at dinner mme * Author infers, ft qtis illorum viclum apud nos amulari vellet • if any in man fliould fo feed with us, it would be all one to nourifh,as Cicuta, Aco- Northcm h ° fe niUlm -> ox Hdlebor it felf. At this day in China the common people live in a pa°ts.’ n maner altogether on roots and herbs,and to the wealthyeft, Horfe, Afs, * suid-es via. Mule,Dogs,Cat-flefli is as delightfomas the reft,fo m Mat.Riccius the Je- fumefmtiiM relates,who lived many years amongft them. The Tartars eat raw quampqitii meat,and moft commonly n horf-flefh, drink milk and blood, as the No- f’tftff 0 ' ma ^ es °^> Tt lac concretum cum [anguine pot at eejuino. m Expedit.Ni They feoff at our Europeans for eating bread, which they call tops of sm.tsiib.i.c.i. weeds,and horfe meat,not fit for men; and yet Scaliger accounts them a found and witty Nation, living an hundred yeers; even in thecivileft a P“d Sinas quam apudnos longe frequenotor ufus, complures quippe de vulgo reperias nulla alia re vcl t emit at is y vel re - hgionis cm fa vefeentes. Equus, Mulus, Afeilus, &c. read is roots, their meat Palmicos, Pinas, Potatos,e?v. and fuch fruits. tyro,tael?, cafeo There be of them too that familiarly drink * fait Sea-water, all their lives,eat * raw meat,grafs,and that with delight. With fome, Fifh,Set- benty potus a- pents,Spiders 5 and in divers places they p eat mans flefh raw,and rolled, even the Emperor* Meta^ma himfelf. In fome coafls again, r one tree tduitMZ yields them Coquernuts, meat and drink, fire, fuel, apparel ^ with his adanmdzoo. leaves,oyl,vinegar,cover for houfes^r.and yet thefe men going naked, feeding courfe,live commonly a hundred yeers,arefeldom or never ficx 5 11 c.ip,io, all which dyet our Phyfitians forbid.In Wejlphaling they feed moft part Aqtumm. w . on fat meats and wourts,knuckle deep,and call it [cerebrum lovis : in the H t Z/ qi Zixl Low Countries with roots,in Italy Frogs and Snails are ufed.The Turks , * Davies 1. faith Busbequius, delight moft in fryed meats. In Mufcovy, Garlick and v °Hf^ gnes Onions are ordinary meat and fauce, which would be pernicious to fuch q Be/i^o & Fee. as are unaccuftomed unto them,delightfom to others-,and all is ' becaufe com/ms hb. they have been brought up unto it. Husbandmen and fuch as labor, can n f ™“ orb,s w * cat fat Bacon, fait grofs meat, hard cheefe, &c. (0 dura mejforum ilia) r Lfofc»fien } c. courfe bread at all times, go to bed and labor upon a full ftomack,which to fome idle perfons would be preient death, andisagainft the rules of arboribus longe Pbyfick 5 fo that cuftom is all in all. Our travellers finde this by com- p«(imnor. mon experience when they come in far Countries,and ufe their diet,they [ xtLm dffu. arc fuddenly offended,as our Hollanders and Enghjhmen when they touch efim muitum. upon the coafts of Africk , thofe Indian Capes and Iilands,are commonly molefted with Calentures, Fluxes, and much diftempered by reafon of noXim pAYiunt. their fruits/ Peregrin a, etfi fuavia,[olent vefeentibus perturbationes infignes nippocm. a - ndferre^ ftrangie meats, chough plcafanc, caufc notable alterations and ^Epifi. 6 .feft .5. diftemperSvOn the other fide, ufe or cuftom mitigates or makes all good x BiltSWIUSy again c jwithridates by often ufe, which Pliny wonders at, was able to 1 b - 1 - drink poyfon •, and a maid as Curtins records, fent to Alexander from K. Poms, was brought up with poyfon from her infancy. The Turks, faith’ Bellonius, lib.3. c. 15. eat Opium familiarly, a dram at once, which we dare not take in grains. y Garaus ab Horto writes of one who^ he faw at y simp!, mcd. Goa in the Eaft Indies , that took ten drams of Opium in thre. .ys; and yet confnit 0 leijnebatur , fpake underftandingly, fo much can cuftom do. ii.c.'\ 9 .prax. 1 Tin op hr a flits fpeaks of a Shepherd that could eat Hellebor in fubftance. med -' And therefore Cardan concludes out of Galen, Confnetudmem utcunque ferendam, nifi valde malam, Cuftom is howfoever to be kept, except it be extream bad : he advifeth all men to keep their old cuftoms,and that by the authority o£* Hippocrates himlelf, Tandum aliquid tempori,atati^ * region / , con [net udini , and therefore to Continue as they began,be it diet, a bathe, exerefte, & leafing to us, abhors on the other fide fuch as we difiaft. Which Hippocrates confirms, Aphorifi. 38. Some cannot endure Cheefe,out of a fecret Antipathy,or to fee a rolled Duck, which toothers is a c delightfom meat. . , . The laft exception is necefiity, poverty, want, hunger, which drives men many times to do that which otherwife they are loath, cannot en» dure, and thankfully to accept of it: As Beverage in Ihips, and m lieges of °reat Cities, to feed on Dogs,Cats,Rats,and Men thcmfelves. Three outlaws in d Hector Boethius , being driven to their lhifcs,did eac raw fleih, and fleih of fuch fowl as they could catch, in one of the Hebrides tot fome few moneths. Thefe things do mitigate or difannul that which hath been faid of melancholy meats, and make it more tolerable ; but to fuch as arc wealthy, live plenteoufty, at eafe, may take their choice, and refrain if they will, thefe viands are to be forborn, if they be in¬ clined to, or fufpedtnelancholy, as they tender their healths: Other- wife if they be intemperate, or difordered in their diet, at their peril c gui monet amat , Ave fly cave. it Subsect. 4. Retention and Evacuation a caufe, and how. T Retention and Evacuation, there be divers kindes, which are either concomitant, aflifting, or foie caufes many times w of melancholy. c G^/^reduceth defeat and abundance to Jfe this head ^ others, f All that/sfeparated, or remains. In the vnutiif ant hrft 0 f t hefe, I may well reckon up Coftivenefs, and Cotlivcnefs. keeping in of our ordinary excrements, which as it often caufeth other dileafes fo this of Melancholy in particular. g Celfus , lib. 1. cap. 3. laith, fuprnfi* It produceth inflammation of the head , dulnefl, cloudinefl , headach, &c. Pro - f Ca i em < hb. deatra bile , will have it diftemper not the organ oncly, Sgimcref - 3 but the wtndc it (elf by troubling of it : And fometimes it is a foie cau c cunt. jvladnefs, as you may read in the firft Book of 1 Skenkius his Mcdici- nal Obfervations. A young Merchant going to NordelingVw in Her- agnationcm many, for ten days fpace never went to ftool 5 at his return he was. gne- 'voufly melancholy, thinking that he was robbed, and would not at per- k Umde/nu], fwaded, but that all his money was gone : His friends thought he had utTHxft homi- fome Ph ,i, ram given him, but Cnelinus a Phyfiuan being fenc lor, found Kilf his 1 Coftivenefs alone to be the caufe,and thereupon gave him a Cufter, ehuwt*. by which he was fpeedily recovered. Trine avelaus, conjnlt.3 5. Lib. 1. faith as much of a melancholy Lawyer, to whom he admimftred Phy- * Per otto dies fck, an dRodericusa Tonfecaconfult.^.Tom.z. * of a Patient of his, that a’.vnm ficcum r... e joht days was bound, and therefore melancholy affected. Other Si Retentions and Evacuations there are, not (imply neceffary, but atfome times- as Fernelius accounts them. Path, lib.i.cap.i'}. as luppreliion ot emrods, monthly ilTues in women, bleeding at nofe, immoderate, or no ufe at all of Venus or any other ordinary fifties. mS ; v(Pf rna- Detention of emrods, or monthly fifties , ViUanovanus Breviar. *»s, A-V- hb. 1. cap. 18. Arcitlanits , cap. 16. in 9. Rafts , Vittoms Faventms , pratl. moni'dicUs. r - Parc, i . Sed. 2 . Rettntion and Evacuation, Catifes. Me mb.'2. Siibf.4. mag.Trafi.2.cap.i')+ Brucffrc. put for ordinary caufes. Fuchfms, l.z. 7 9 fect.').c. 7 ,o. goes farther, and faith. That n many men unseasonably cured ~ Atll!llm ~ of .the emrods, have been corrupted with melancholy , faking to avoid Scylla, jJftm ab Ho¬ tkey Sail into Charybdls. Galen, l. de hum. commen .3. ad text. 2 6 . illuftrates outmidibm this by an example'of Lucius Martins, whom he cured of madnefs, con- ‘ZZ’Mufn traded by this means : And 0 Skcxkius hath two other inftances of two [m. 1heutu 1,1 melancholy and mad women, fo caufed from the fuppreflion of their moneths. The fame may be faidof bleeding at thenofe, if it be fud- onJia. denly ft opt, and have been formerly ufed, as * Villanovanus urgech : ?B . /eviar> /-7 _ And ** Fuchfius, hb. 2. /rtf. 5. r^.3 3. ftifly maintains. That without great c.is. danger, futh an iffue may not be fayed. IfmZZmh Venus omitted,produceth like tffeds. Mathmus,epijt. 5./. penult. r a- cj^dei/anguts voucheth of his knowledge hat fome through bajhfulnef ab flamed from Ventry, il r ffff‘ is fff and thereupon became very heavy and dull 5 and fome others that were very fSng’imUw- timorous , melancholy , and beyond all meafure fad. Oribnfius, tried, collect. 1 . 6 . emtio imped,-l f.37. fpeaks of fome, f That if they do not ufe carnal copulation, are cm- [ ot ^ quo p tinually troubled with heavincf and beadach ; and fome in the fame cafe by in - dm pitpudare ter miff ion of it. Not ufe of it hurts many, rail anus, c. 6.1119. Rafis , fffff and Magmnus , part.], cap .5. think, becaufe ic fends up poyfoned vapors to 'Z,%ofqZ the brain and heart. And fo doth Galen himfelf hold, T hat if this natural f^ctos: non- feed be over-long kept [in fome parties) itturnsto poyfon. Hieronymus Mercu- chuff nalis in his Chapter of Melancholy, cites it for an cfpecial caufc of this prater modim malady, " Priapifmus, Satyriafis, &c. Hall abbas 5. Theor. c. 36. reckons mu ~ up this and many other difeafes. Villanovanus Rreviar. 1 . i.c. 18 faith, fifmin nip He kneiv x ntany Monks and Widows, grievonfly troubled with melancholy , and coeant, afiidue that from this foie catfe. Lodovicus Mercatus l. 2. de mulicrtim affetf. cap. 4. tSffimr. and Rodericks d Cafire de morbis mulier. 1 . 2 . c. 3. treat largely of thisfub- dim re novifji- jed> and will have it produce a peculiar kinde of melancholy, in dale Maids, Nuns,and Widows, obfupprefionem menfium & venerem omilfarn, Xttfm&JL'* timida,mafia, anxia, vcrecunda, fufpniofe, languentes, confilii mopes, cum Vcncrh. fummaviu & rerum meliorum defperatione, &c. they are melancholy in 'ZiTritiu' the higheft degree, and all for want of husbands. mm 7»:.riti, vi x mto rndtrimmo *gr&tus. lUa in borrendum furo/um in adit, ob Vwzrzm cobibit.vn ul omnium cm invifentium co/i^ye^um^vsecy vultii^ geftu cxpctcyct^ & q num non confenti rent > mo! off us AngliCanos rna^no expetht cUmovc. a V'idi (a- ctrfotyjioptimum <&pn:m, nui quodntsHct uti V'.ncrc^ in me!.inchohca fympi&mata inetdit. wives Part.i. Se&.2. Cattfes of Melancholy. Memb.2. Subf.4. 80 wives death abftaining, b after niarriage,became exceeding melancholy, Ro- derictts a Fen fee a in a young man To mifaffeded, Tom.2. confult. 85. To thefe you may adde, if you pleafe, that conceited tale of a Jew, fo vifit- ed in like fort, and fo cured, out of Poggius Florentinus. Intemperate Venus is all out as bad in the other extream. Galen, 1 . 6 . de morhispopular, fetl.5. text.26. reckons up melancholy amongft thofc difeafes which are c exafperated by Venery : fo doth Avicenna 2,3 *c. x 1 • Oribafws , loc.citat. Tic inns, lib.7.. de fanitate tuenda, Marfilius Cognat us, MontalttssyCap.ip . Gmanerius, Tracl.^. cap. 2. CMagnintts, cap. 5. part 3. d gives the rcafon, becaufe c itinfrigidates and dries up the body , confumes the (fir its and would therefore have all fuch as are cold and dry, to take heed of and, to avoyd it as a mortal enemy, facchinus in 9. Rafts cap. 1 5. aferibes the famecaufe, and inftanceth in a Patient of his, that married a young wife in a hot fummer, 1 and fo dryed himfelf with chamber-work , that he became in [hort (face from melancholy, mad: he cured him by moyftening remedies. The like example I finde in Lalius a FonteEugubinns , confult. 129. of a Gentleman of Venice , that upon the fame occafion, wasfirft melancholy, afterwards mad. Reade in him the ftory at large. ^ Any other evacuation flopped, willcaufeit, as well as theie above named, be it bile, s ulcer, iflue, frc. Hercules deSaxenia, ltb.\.c.\6. and Gor don't us , verific this out of their experience. T hey faw one wounded in the head, who as long as the fore was open, Lucida habuit mentis inter¬ valla, was well; but when it was flopped, Rediit melancholia, his melan¬ choly fit feized on him again. Artificial evacuations are much like in effed, ashothoufes, baths, blood-letting, purging, unfeafonably and immoderately ufed. ‘'Baths dry too much, if ufed in excefs, be they natural or artificial, and offend extream hot, or cold one dries, the other refrigerates overmuch. Mon¬ tan ns ^ confil. 137. faich, They over-heat the Liver, foh. Struthius , S tig- mat. artis, l 4. c 9. contends, k That if one flay longer then ordinary at the Rath, go in. too oft,or at unfeafonable times,he putnfies the humors in his body. To this purpole writes Magninns, /. 3. c. 5• Guianeritss,Tract.\ 5. c.2 1. utterly difallows all hot baths in melancholy aduft. 1 1 faw (faith be) a man that labored of the Gout , who to be freed of his malady , came to the Bath , and was inf ant ly cured of his dtfeafe , but got another worfe, and that was c jUadncJs. But this judgment varies as the humor doth, in hot or cold : Baths may be good for one melancholy man, bad for another *, that w hich will cure it in this party, may caufe it in afecond. Phlebotomy , many times negleded, may do much harm to the body, when there is a manifeft redundance of bad humors, and melancholy blood-, and when thefe humors heat and boyl, if this be not ufed in time, the parties affeded, fo inflamed, are in great danger to be mad; but if it be unadyifedly, importunely, immoderately ufed, it doth as much harm by refrigerating the body, dulling the fpirits, and confirming them:" As fob.Curio in his 10. Chapter, well reprehends, fuchkinde of letting blood doth more hurt then good: n The humors rage much more then they did before, and is fo far from avoyding melanc holy , that it incrcafeth it , and weakeneth the fight. 0 Proffer Calentss b Ob dbflfocn- tiam rt 6 onctibf‘ tu incidit ‘melancboham. c a coitii cx acerb antur . d Super {luum coitum caufrn ponunt. e Ex pc cat cor¬ pus, (pint us tonfumitj&c. caveant ab bee ficci , velut ini- mico mortali. f ltd cxfictatus ut c milancbn- lico fialim fuc- rit inf anus, ab humcflantibus car at us- g £.v (A:i ter in & ulcere cxfic - eaio. h Go rd. c. 10. lib. 1. Difcom- mends cold Baths as noxi¬ ous. i S ice ion. red- dunt corpus. k Si quis lorigi¬ ns morel ur in iis } ant minis frequent‘ r , aut importune itta- i nr , b V mores p litrefMU- 1 Ego anno fu- periore% qavi- d-W giillofiiM vidladufjtuwy qiu ut libctxr?• turdegutU, a I balneaacicf- fit; & d: gut1 .1 liberatus , m.r vi.icus fuel ns eft- ] hlcbotomy, rn On Scbof.i 1 Schrmtam* n Calc fuelm & tbullUio ptr rngis fepe in- t Tatar & a/i- getur, majrre i tripe in huma¬ ns per corpus d'feu mint. o Lib. dr Ihlu- lent a McIotu ehobaEr equals fajiguims mif fr> corpus cx- Paft.i. Se&.s. . Bad Air, a caufe. Memb.2. Subf.5 obfervesas much of all Phlebotomy, except they keep a very good 8 r diet after it: Yea, and as ?Leonartus facchwus (peaks out of his own ~ ■" ih ; experience, q The blood is much blacker to many men after their letting of a trim bilcm bloody then it was at fir(l. For this caufe belike Salujl. Salvihianus, l.z. c. p*?a,&vi[um 1. willadmitor hear of no blood-letting at all in this Difeafe, except ^ ifffnigei- it be manifelf, it proceed from blood: He was (it appears"! by his own ppcCUuc words in that place, Matter of anHofpital of mad men, r and found h long experience, that this kinde of evacuation,either in head , arm, or any other pen ab imtio. ■part, did more harm then good. To this opinion of his, * Felix Plater is quite oppofice, Though fome wink at, difallow and quite contradict all Pble- fffdmm botomy in Melancholy, yet by long experience l have found innumerable fo fiaudam tffe faved, after they had been twenty, nay, fixty times let blood, and to live happi- ffT^ffff ly after it. It was an ordinary thing of old, in Galens time, to take at once debit,utm in. ■from Citrh men fix tmutid of blend which now we dare Pearce take in ounces', fed l ' ll> *- 7 ’ ^ on ' Purging upward and downward, in abundance of bad humors omit- pynoxenodo- ed, may be for the word •, fo likewife as in the precedent, if overmuch, too frequent or violent, it f weakneth their ftrength, faith Fuchftus , /. 2. Pblcbotomia fett.i. c. 17. or if they be ftrong or able to endure Phyfick, yet it brings them to an ill habit,they make their bodies no better then Apothecaries deppff & (hops, this, and fuch like infirmities mutt needs follow. melancholia fx. pe punt inde pijores . * l)ementisalicnat. cap.i- etpmultoshec improbaffcfeiam, imumrosbac rationt fanatos lorgaobfervationccog. iUvY, qui -vigrpts.ftxagtes venastundendo,&c. llrtresdcbilitat. Subsect. 5. Bad Air a caufe of Melancholy. de fin. tuenda. Mercurialis, Montaltus, &c. u Fernelius faith, A thick dir * thickneth the blood and humors. x Lcmnius reckons up two main things tana. Ex aere moll profitable, and moft-pernitious to our bodies; Air, and Diet: And this peculiar Difeafe, nothing fooner caufeth ( y fobertus holds) then the mclancholicut . air wherein we breathe and live. * Such as is the air, fuch be our fpirits •, * and as ourfpirits*, fuch are our humors. It offends commonly if it be ffjffffff too 1 hot and dry, thick, fuliginous, cloudy, bluftering,or a tempeftuous fj>imus,humo- air. Bodine in his fifth Book, De repub. cap. 1 ,f. of his Method of Hiftory, v f\ Minus proves that hot Countries are mod troubled with Melancholy, and Montaltus^ c. that there are therefore in Spafn, Africk, and Afia minor, great numbers of mad men, infomuch. That they are compelled in all Cities of note, fpfjf g fff to build peculiar Hofpitals for them. Leo a Afer, lib. 3 . de Fe(fa urbe. Or- dmofus,crafjus telius and Zitinger , confirm as much: They are ordinarily fo cholerick in fffffff their fpeeches, that fcarce two words pafs without railing or chiding in naticorhm mil - common talk, and often quarrelling in their ftreets. b Cordonius will have fezvanm.' b Lib. mcd:part,z. c. i9. Jntettigc> quoi in tMiiis regioiubus^ frequenter necidit mania fin frigidis autem Urde. L every Part. i. Scd.2. .Caufey of Melancholy. Memb.2. Subf- 5 - 82 every man take notice of it: Note this (faith he) that in hot Countries it —-- is far more familiar then in cold. Although this we have now faid be not c Lib. 2. continually fo, for as c Acojla truly faith, under the Equator i.t felf, is a moft temperate habitation, wholfomair, a Paradifeof pleafure: The leaves ever green, cooling lhowres. But it holds in fuch as are intempe- d Hodoperiam, rately hot, as ^Johannes a Meggen, found in Cyprus, others in Malta, Apu- ** A^uiia afiivo lia > an d lhc * Ho h Land > where at fome feafons of the yeer is nothing but calm maxims duft, their Rivers dried up, the Air fcorching hot, and Earth inflamed 5 ferjcn, it a ut j n f 0 much, that many Pilgrims going barefoot for devotion fake, from pfneSfft! Joppa to lerufalem upon the hot fands, often run mad, or elfc quite over¬ whelmed with (and,profundis arenis, as in many parts of Afrtck, Arabia * Maginus Beferta , Battr'una, now Char afan , when the Weft wind blows * 1 /tvolu- eprnbeo fa tl arems tranfeantes necantur. c Hercules de Saxonia a Profeflor in Venice, Fraa. med. /. gives this caufe,why fo many Venetian women are melancholy, Quoddm fohdegant, they tarry too long in the Sun.Montanus ,confil.2 i.amongft ZTd‘iu'p,b other caufes affigns this =, Why that Jew his Patient was mad, Quod fa vivum , a. tam mu ltum expofuit fe calori & frigor 1: He expofed himfelf fo much to uncZtx'tva- heat and cold. And for that reafon in Venice, there is little ftirring in thofe dunt. brick paved ftreets in Summer about noon, they arc moft part then a- fleep : As they are likewife in the great Mogors Countries, and all over f Mtvig lib. 1. the Eajl Indies. At Aden in Arabia, as ( Lodovicus Vertomannus relates in ttano ^Tblrt trave l s 3 £ hey keep their markets in the night, to avoid extremity of feemdaob ’ni- heat; and in Ormus, like cattle in a Pafture, people of all forts lie up to mios,qui f*vi~ the chin in water all day long. At Braga in Portugal • Burgos in Cajlile - ’SJcScat Mefina in Sicily , all over Spain and Italy, their ftreets are moft part nar¬ row, to avoid the Sun beams. The T urks wear great Turbants adfugan- dos foils radios, to refraft the Sun beams 5 and much inconvenience, that hot air of Bantam in lava , yields to our men, that fojourn there for traf- g MorboGatii. fick * where it is fohot, 6 that they that are fick of the Pox, lie commonly « laboianus, bleaching in the Sun, to dry up their fores. Such a complaint I read of thofe fokmTmofbos ^ es °f CapeVerdo, fourteen degrees from the Equator, they do male extent.' andire: * One calls them the unhealthieft clime of the World,for fluxes, mvA : «ifn hi fevers, frenzies, calentures, which commonly feize on Sea-faring men obferrations. that touch at them, and all by reafon of a hot diftemperature of the air. fett. 1 j. The hardieft men are offended with this heat, and ftiffeft clowns cannot refift it, as Conjlantine affirms, Agricult.l.z.c.^%. They that are naturally h Hippoa-atet, born in fuch air, may not h endure it, as Niger records of fome part of 3. ripbmfmo- Mefopotamia, now called Biarbecha : Jguibufdam in locisftvienti aflui adeo mm idem !urabe- a y olin § that was one Vincent a Curriers daughter, fome thir- capitis teen yeers of age, that would wafh her hair in the heat of the day (in (lavosredderet, j u [y^ anc j f 0 [ C i it dry in the Sun, 1 to make it yellow, but by that means tar- W tying too long in the heat, fie inflamed her head , and made her felf mad. , Cold Parr.i. Seft.2. Bad Air a Caufe. Memb.2. Subf.jr Cold air in the other extream, is almoft as bad as hot, and fo doth 8 -> Mont alt us efteem of it,r. 11 .if it be dry withal. In thofe Northern Coun- —_ tries, the people are therefore generally dull, heavy, and many witches, ■which v as I have before quoted ) Saxo Grammaticus, olaus, Baptifia Porta aferibe to melancholy. Eut thefe cold climes are more fubjed to natural melancholy (not this artificial; which is cold and dry: For which caufe k Mercurius Brit amicus belike,puts melancholy men to inhabit juft under k Mundusdur the Pole. The worft of the three is a 1 thick, cloudy, mifty, fogsy air, &,dem ifh,dttll } and melancholy. aura, caligirwft This was p Virgils experiment of old, eft. p Gcor , L z Verum Part. i. Se&.a. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.i. Subf.6. 84 q Hoy. yerurn ubi tempefias, & cedi mobiles humor Mutavere vices , dr fupiter hnmidus A afro, Vertuntur (pecies anmorum, & peel ore motus Concipiunt alios ——- . But when the face of Heaven changed is To tempefts, rain, from fcafon fair t ' Our mindes are altered, and in our brefts Forthwith fotne new conceipts appear^ And who is not weather-wife againft fuch and fuch conjunctions of Planets, moved in foul weather, dull and heavy in fuch tempeftuous fea- <4 ™r, fo ns ? s Geltdum contriftat Aquarius annum: The time requires, and the r Mens quibut Autumn breeds it •, Winter is like unto it, ugly, foul, fqualid, thtf Air vmUat,abain wor j. s on a n m en,more or lefs,but cfpecially on fuch as are melancholy, f:ttui or inclined to it,as Ltmnm holds, 'They aremojl moved ^ it, andthofc infmapudsd-which are already mad, rave downright, either in or againft a tempeft, Be- % sant r c tempc- „ tfje devil fme$ takes his e pp 9 rt unity of filch fiorms, and when the humors b, the air befiirred, he goes in mththim, exagttate,our #<"**> spirits quoq, 0Hr r 0H ' ls . ^ ( h e Sea waves, fo are the (pints and humors m ou> bodies, Mq^ totted with tempeftuous winds and forms.To fuch as are melancholy there- 'jetempeftatibus f ore Montanw, confil. 24. will have tempeftuous and rough air to e - ingcrunt, & ’ d CO n(U.zy. all night air, and would not have them to walk TttZZ: Ste i" i Ant day 8 udmm*. dffiommttdMhe South, fmaant, tmq, , c a ft. ern winds commends the North. CM om an us. con(t 1.3 1. Will szzt ®<»1 » h t*** in ,hc c, ’f ,l r 9 ' t “f* Ti " tf' ilmmmni, comn rends efpcciaUy the South wind,and nofturnal air. So doth u bmammeor- , j j [ an d darknefs makes men fad,the like do all fobterranean ** vaultMark houfes in caves and rocks, defert places caufc melancholy in aninftant, efpecially fuch as have not been ufedto it, or otheiwifeac- cuftomed. Read more of air in Hippocrates, tA-tius, l.3. ac.171. adiyy. Ortbaftusfa c.i.ad zz. Avicen.l.i. can. Ten.z. doc 2. Fen. 1. c. 123. tothe 12, &c. Subsegt. 6 . Immoderate exercife a caufc, and how. Solitarineft, Idlenef. Othing fo good,but it may be abufed: Nothing better then Exercife (if opportunely ufed) for the prefervauon of the Body : Nothing fo bad, if it be unfeafonable, violent, or overmuch. Fernelius out of Galen, Path. lib. 1. c. 16. faith, p mam, - "7 hat much exercife and wearintft confumes the fir its and fub- vm/tq.fW (l wee,refrigerates the body • and fuch humors which Nature would have other. £“'f ratio cone, ad and ex felled, hfim ttf, vi mAt, them rage , M betngfo „iim- enraged, diver}y .fed, and trouble the body and mtndc. So doth it, it it be Hmo.es w- un ( ca f ona bly ufed, upon a full ftomack, or when the body is full ot cru- nTimura 1 ' dities, which Fuchfim fo muchenveighs againft, Lib.z. wjtit.feor.z.c.q. concoqm & criviflC that for a caufe, why fchool-boys in Germany are to otten tcab- tvs* ?d, becaufe they ufe exercife prcfently after meats. * Bayerm puts in a ftt*n mmemdm, tM,^tmyu,:mUm^«, auiMmyue. x n V.ni tatur. f Acy no the denfatur, & cogit moclhti- am. t Lib. dc Ifiic & O/y rid :. u Malta, defa- tigatioJpiritie * 9 mccuoij Ltbwfic infer if to* mvear Part. i. Scd.2. Memb.2. Subf.6 Idlenefs a caufe. caveat againft filch exercife, becaufe it y corrupts the meat in the fitrmack, g 5 and carries the fame jayce rafo, and as yet'undtgefled, into the v'eins (faith-- Lemmas) which there purifies, and confounds the animal (pints. Craio , con- Ibrljf'cap. ff fil.zi.l. 2. *protefts againft allfuch exercife after meat, as being the cibos criidos in greateft enemy toconco&ion that may be, aild caufe of comiptidhef humors, which produce this, and many other difeafes. ; Not without good reafon then, doth Salufi. Calvianus, i.t.c.i. and Leon art ns face hi- nus in 9. Rhafis . Mercurialis , Arculanns , and many other, fet down a im- J'Zj moderate exertife, as a moft forcible caufe of melancholy. fir v'mm f- Oppofite to Exercife, is Idlenefs (the badg of gentry) or want of Ex- ercife,the bane of body and minde,the nurfe of rtaughtinefs, fteprttother ffs. ; ' of difeipline, the chief author of allmifchief, one of the (even deadly 2 fins, ahd a foie caufe of this and many other maladies,the devils cufhion, , as h Gualter calls it, his pillow and chief repofal. For the minde can never 1 co,.6. dm reft, butJhll meditates on one thing or other, except it be occupied about (ome q - u ~ , mens . f- honefi bufinefs, of his oven accord it rufheth into melancholy. c As too much and mfpoft' “fed violent exercife offends on throne fide, fo doth an idle life on the other , (faith d,f. Crate) it fids the body full of fiegm , grofs humors , and all manor of obfirucli- ens,rheumes, catatrs, (jrc. Rhafis, cont. lib. 1. tracl.9. accounts of it as the nifihohejlinhl greateft caufe of melancholy. d I have often feen (faith he) that idlenefs ff ne l°fioc. begets this humor more then any thing el ft. Montaltus, c. 1. fcconds him out ZlTdlam m ~ ot his experience, £ They that are idle are far more fitbjecl to melancholy, then IP me deUbitu,- fitch as are converfant or imployed about any office or bufinefs. e Plutarch feck- \Tfvt immdi- ons up idlenels for a foie caufe of the ficknefs of the foul: There are they ca corporis cx- (faith he) troubled in minde , that have no other caufe but this. Homer, Iliad, naccL 1. brings in Achilles eating of his own heart in his Idlenefs, becaufe he vS'l/h,& might not fight. Mercurialis,confil.%6. for a melancholy young man urg- ot! f a •' ut:um > eth g it is a chief caufe •, why was he melancholy < becaufe idle. No- thing begets it fooner, encreafeth and continuethit oftner then idlenefs. cmtmobtifl A difeafe familiar to all idle perfons, an infeparable companion to fuch a ‘ onc h & crc ' as live at eale, Pingui otto defidiose agent es, a life out of a Fernelius,caufeth crudities ,ob(lruttions,excremental humors,quench- eth the natural heat, dulls the fjints, and makes them unapt to do anything rvhatfoever . k Neglefiis urenda filix innafeitur agris . aimmMiui As Fern grows in untild grounds,and all maner of weeds, fo do grofs hu- ehsiphhies, & m0 rs in an idle body, lgnavum corrumpunt otia corpus. A horfe in a ftabk 'Z'TintZ that never travels, a hawk in a Mew that feldom flies, are both fubjedt to /rgJlesrcT difeafes which left unto themfelves,are moft free from any fuch incum- ds: , crad.itai.es, Frances. An idle dog will be mangy, and how fhallan idle perfon think &c“oeZ«L to efcape ? Idlenefs of the minde, is much worfe then this of the body ; rum irmemus w j t without employment, is a difeafe, 1 exErugo animi , rubigo ingenii : the kHn- Sr I. tuft of the foul, ni a plague,a hell it felf, Maximum animi momentum, Ga- sat-'f. len calls it. n As in a Jhnding pool,norms and filthy creepers increafe, (dr w- 1 Scneca :,. tinm cap!tint ni moveantur aqua,the water it felf putrifies,and air likewife, if it be not continually ftirred by the wind )fo do evil and corrupt thoughts dem/piuM-cb tn an idle perfon , the foul is contaminated. In a Common-wealth,where n is no publike enemy, there is likely civil wars,and they rage upon them- ?io genre ant i:t felves : this body of ours, when it isidle,and knows not howto beftow i c felf, macerates and vexeth it felf with cares,griefs, falfe-fears, difeon- guSoZZel tents, and fufpicions •, it tortures and preys upon his own bowels, and is never at reft.Thus much I dare boldly fay,He or flie that is idle,be they of what condition they will,never fo rich,fo well allied,fortunate,happy, let them have all things in abundance, and felicity, that heart can wifli and defiie, all contentment,fo long as he or lhe,or they are idle,they fiiali never be pleafed, never well in body and minde, but weary ftill, ficHy ftill, vexed ftill, loathing ftill, weeping, fighing, grieving, fufpeding,, offended with the world, with every objett, wilhing themfclvcs gone oi* dead, or elfe carried away with fome foolifli phantafie or other. And this is the true caufe that fo many great men,Ladies, and Gentlewomen, labor of this difeafe in Ccuntrey and City * for idlenefs is an appendix to nobility, they count it a difgrace to work, and fpend all their days in fports, recreations, and paftimes, and will therefore take no pains *, be of no vocation : they feed liberally,fare well,want exercife,a - 7 j r ^ ^ ^- o 7 j fliallbe ftill I fay difcontent, fufpicious, r fearful, jealous, fad, fretting pProv. is. and vexing of themfelves; foiong as. they be idle, it is impoflible to P t ‘ff. mde!,cict pleafe them, Otto qui nefcit tsti , plus habet negotii quam qm negotium tn nego- ucautonthn». tio , as that q Agelhus could obferve : He that knows not how to fpend rumnon. his time, hath more bufinefs, care, grief, anguifhof mindertben he that q u ,I9 ' f ' 10 ' is moft bufic in the midft of all his bufineis, Otiofus animus nefcit quid volet: An idle perfon (as he follows it) knows not when he is well, what he would have, or whither he would go, Quum illttc ventum ejf illinc lubety he is tired out with every thing, difplcafed with all, weary of his life: Necbene domfnec militia, neither at home, nor abroad, err at, & prater vitam vivitur, he wanders,and lives befides hinjfelf.In a word. What the mifchicvous effeds of lazinefs and idienefs are, I do not findc any where more accurately expreifed, then in thefe verfes of Philolacbes in the * Comical Poet, which for their elegancy, I will in part infert. *PUutui, woi. Nov arum adium effs arbitror fimilem ego heminem , Qiundo hie natus eft : Ei rei Argument a die Am. upon a f u i ft 0 mack,the body ill compofed to reft, or afc- tSSfiA*. ter hard meats,it increafeth fearful dreams, Incubus ,night walking,crying cap. 4 Magnum out & much unquietnefs^fuch fleep prepares the body,as c one oblerves, SSC* « m*l But « 1 have f “ id ,’ waking overmuch is both a fymptomc.and an ordinary caufe.rr caufethdrineft of the brain,frenfte^do- tAge^(j makes the body dryjcan,bard 7 andugly to behold,as Lemmus hath it. l:b. 'dc ftuj S. H r m ultas periculofas ^Undines, d In flit. ud vitam optimum cap.16. cerebo PCCUMM nujuiy yv j vrddlt OCtt OS. CfdOYem ‘The Parr, i. Sett.2. Perturbations of the CMinde. Memb.5. Subf.1. •The temperature of the Brain it corrupted by it,the humors adufl,the cyts made to fink into the head, choler increafed, and the whole body inflamed* and, as 91 may be added out of Galen 3. de famtate tuenda , Avicenna 3.1'.* it over- throws the natural heat , it caufeth crudities, hurts concoBion, and what not 1 Ufa cmeocTme Not without good caufe therefore Crato confd.21.lib.2. Hildefhem fpiccl. 2. de dehr.fr Mania, lacchimis, Arculanus on Rbafis , Gmancnut and Mcr- veniim vigila- curialis, reckon up this over-much waking, as a principal caufe. Memb. 3. Subsect. i. Pafsions and perturbations of theminde, how they caufe Melancholy. > S that Gymnofophtft in f Plutarch , made anfwer to Alexander ' (demanding which fpake bed ) Every one of his fellows did fpeak better then the other:fo may I fay of thefe caufcs to him that (hall require which is the greateft,every one is more grievous then other, and this of Paflion the greateft of all . A moft frequent and ordinary caufe of Melancholy flfulmen perturb ationum gGad.i.c.n. (piccolomineus calls it) this thunder and lightning of perturbation, which caufeth fuch violent and fpeedy alterations in this our Microcofme, and # many times (ubverts the good eftate and temperature of it. For as the ^f-bath Body works upon the minde, by his bad humors, troubling the Spirits, m5 clavi ^ fendin<* grofs fumes into the Brain and fo per confequens difturbing the qmbus wpori Soul,and all the faculties of it, * Corpus onuftum , riXaffilmr. Heflernis vitiis ammum quoq- pragravat una, jnmb.'dcmft. with fear ,forrow,&c. which are ordinary fymptomes of this Difeafe : fo \ff b Jf San,uu on the other fide, the minde moft effettually works upon the Body,pro- in¬ ducing by his pafiions and perturbations, miraculous alterations •, as Me- lancholy,defpair, cruel difeafes,and fometimes death it felf. Inforauch, that it is moft true which Plato faith in his Charmides : omnia corporis mala maUeo. ab anund procedere h z\\ the h mifchiefes of the body,proceed from the foul: ^aApoiionij and Democritus in * Plutarch urgeth ,Damnatam iri animam a corpore, if the m Lib dc anim. Body (houldin this behalf,bringan attion againft theSoul,furely theSoul a ^‘” co ’f dc fl would be caft and convitted, that by her fupine negligence, had caufed ZSomci fuch inconveniences,having authority over the Body, and ufing it for an mimimtus. inftrument,as a Smith doth his hammer(faith k Cy/>r/4» / impiiting althofc n s fJ c Phyf,o! ' vices and maladies to the Minde. Even fo doth 1 Philojlratus , non coinqui- 0 aut ry 5 we findc that of c Lemnius true by common experience 5 No mortal aHt M 2 man r.f corpora noftes. f Vita Alaan. Fart.i.Sed. 9 * man is free from tbefe perturbations: Or if he be fo,fure he is either a god, -or a block. They are bom and bred with us, we have them from our uui&U it ds P arents by inheritance, A parentibus habemus malum hunc a(fem, faith hmuamum " “ Pelezius, Nafcitur ana nobifcum, aliturque, ’tis propagated from Adam , affeft.mrbo- CalH was melancholy, * as Auftin hath it, and who is not i Good dilci- P iine > Education, Philofophy, Divinity (I cannot deny) may mitigate x Grautmfa and reftrain thefe paffions in fome few men at fome times, but moil part z Defivit vi. they domineer, and are fo violent, x that as a torrent ftorrens velut aggere i.i+.c 9 . quail rupto) bears down all before, and overflows his banks, fternit agrosffler- inocuits bmi - n j t fata,they overwhelm Reafon,Judgment,and pervert the temperature fis pedibusw- of the Body : Fenur? equis aurtga, nee audit cur r us babe nos. Now fuch baht, taiis in a man (faith x Auftin ) that is fo led, in a wife mans eye, is no better then he “turn, cut p If si - that ftands upon his head. It is doubted by fome, Graviorefne morbi a per- onts dominan- turbationibus, an ab humor ibus, whether humors or perturbations caufe the Tub devd morc g r i cvous maladies. But we finde that of our Saviour, Mat.26.^1. pajhoncs maxi- molt true. The (pint is willing, theflefh is weak,vrc cannot refill : And this me corpus open. 0 f 1 Philo ftudaus, Perturbations often offend the body, and are mojl frequent mmf&jre. caufes of Melancholy, turning it out of the hinges of his health. Fives com- quentifiim* pares them to 1 ’ Winds upon the Sea , fome onely move as thofe great gales,but ffff others turbulent quite overturn the (hip. Thole which are light, eafie, and vemesat ingc- more feldom, to our thinking, do us little harm, and are therefore con- "‘riiin/T'^dc temnc d°f us ; Yet if they be reiterated, £ as the rain (faith Aujltn) doth mtma! a ft one, fo do thefe perturbations penetrate theminde : ‘’And (as one ob- b Fruna&pi. fervesj produce an habit of Melancholy at the loft, which having gotten the 7 utmmxa Ve ~ ma ^ er y in ou t fouls, may well be called difeafes. quici.m eufte How thefe paffions produce this efifed, e Agrippa hath handled at k hcdT*tl m ^ ar § e 5 Occult. Philof. /.ix. c.6$. Cardan, l.i^.fubtil. Lemnius, l.i.c.12. dm lurluten- dc occult, nut. mir. (dr lib. 1. cap. 1 6. Suare\j Met. dijpnt.lS.fefl. 1. art. 25. t*: fic incur- t. Bright,cap 12. Of his Melancholy Treatife. Wright the Jefuite, in his Kffdhmcs’a c- ®°°' c l ^ e Papons of the Minde,^. T hus in brief. To our imagina- cnant tentum, tion cometh by the outward fenfe or memory, fome objed to be known qiutdm -,ta (refiding in the foremoft part of the brain) which he mifconcciving or ft.itu judicii amplifying, prdently communicates to the heart, the leat of all aflfedi- dcpcUant. 0 ns. The pure fpirits forthwith flock from the Brain to the Heart, by \timTlai certain fee ret channels, and fignifie what good or bad objed was pre. hum bse penc- fented •, f which immediately bends it felf to profecute,or avoid it 5 and dfflr*iS« withal, draweth with it other humors to help it: So in pleafpre, concur rede morbi a! great (lore of purer fpirits 5 in fadnefs,much melancholy blood j in ire, tiimi voantur. choler. If the Imagination be very apprehenfive, intent, and violent, it mlvtuTpiis, ^ en£ ^ s § reat ^ 0re °f fpirits to, or from the heart, and makes a deeper adcujusmo - impreffion, and greater tumult, as the humors in the body be likewife bumwc?‘& U> P re P arc< ^s a °d the temperature it felfill or well difpofed, the pafifions are Jjftintui tittles, longer and ftronger: So that the firftftep and fountain of all our grie- qtiibus dtem- yances in this kinde, is 8 Ufa lmaginatio, which mif-informing the Heart, TEccUf.ii.vs. caufethall thefe diftemperaturcs, alteration and confufion of fpirits and The heart ai- humors. By means of which, fo diiturbed, concodion is hindred, and tenance To”* c ^ c principal parts are much debilitated^ as h D r Navarra well declared, good or evil, and diftradion of the mindc caufeth diftemperature of the body, g Sfmtus & fanguis a Ufa lma*\na~ tianc contam'imnLiiY 3 humor es enlm mutati a flumes animi immutant , Pifo. h Mont am ^ conciL i x, Ua vero quomodd can font nidfflcholtam^ cUrum 5 & quod concottioncm itnpediant, & membra fmfifalia debit item. being Of the force of Imagination. Memb.3. Subf.2. Part.i.Scft.2. being confulted by Montanas about a melancholy Jew. The fpirits fo '93 confounded, the nourifhment muft needs be abated, bad humors increa- fed, crudities and thick fpirits ingendred with melancholy blood. The other parts cannot perform their functions,having the fpirits drawn from them by vehement paffion, but fail in fenfe and motion $ fo we look up¬ on a thing, and fee it not-, hear, and obferve not 5 which otherwife would much affettus, had we been free. I may therefore conclude with > Arnold™, Maxima vis eft phantafta, & httic uni fere, non autem corporis in- , B reviar. 1.1. temperiei, omnis melancholia caufaeft aferibenda : Great is the force of"/' 18 Imagin’ation,and much more ought the caufe of melancholy to be aferi- bed to this alone, then to the diftemperature of the body. Of which favoMuu Imagination, becaufe it hath fo great a ftroke in producing this malady, and is fo powerful of it felf, it will not be improper to my difeourfe, to jucunde refo - make a brief Digrelfion, and fpeak of the force of it,and how it caufeth f c > ft omA - this alteration. Which maner of Digreffion, howfoever fome diflike, y e ZZltZT as frivolous and impertinent, yet I am of * Beroaldus his opinion. Such dam quaficos- Digrefions do mightily delight and refref) a weary Reader, they are likeyaw ce to a badfiomack , and 1 do therefore mojt willingly ufe them. ter exeunt). Sub sect" 2. Of the force of Imagination, Hat Imagination is, I have fufficiently declared in my Digref¬ fion of the Anatomy of the foul. I will oncly now point at the wonderful effects and power of it 5 which, as it is eminent in all, fo moft efpecially it rageth in melancholy perfons, in keeping the fpecies of objedfs folong, miftaking, amplifying them by continual and k ftrong meditation, until at length it produceth in fome knb imagimt- parties real effects, caufeth this,and many other maladies. And although t fjjf a erilintur this Phantafie of ours, be a fubordinate faculty to reafon, and fhould be quibm”mlma ruled by it,yet in many men,through inward or outward diftemperatures, tmpmitur,aa. defedf of Organs, which are unapt or hindered, or otherwife contamina- ted, it is likewife unapt, hindred, and hurt. This we fee verified infleep- nAur.Mtto.* ers, which by reafon of humors, and concourle of vapors troubling the Phantafie,imagine many times abfurd and prodigious things,andinfuch as are troubled with Incubus, or Witch-ridden(as we call it) if they lie on their backs,they fuppofe an old woman rides,and fits fo hard upon them, that they are almoft ftifled for want of breath*,when there is nothing of¬ fends,but a concourfe of bad humors,which trouble the Phantafic.This is likewife evident in fuch as walk in the night in their fleep, and do ftrange feats: 1 fhefe vapors move the Phantafie,the Phantafie the Appe- fscaiig. exer- tite, which moving the animal fpirits, caufeth the body to walk up and . #J down,as if they were awake. Fracafi, l.$.de intellect, refers all Extafies voUbat , worth q to this force of Imagination,fuch as lie whole days together in a trance : i aceba ? as that Prieft whom m Celfus fpeaks of, that could feparate himfelf from fmfibM, & his fenfes when he lift,and lie like a dead man,void of life and fenfe. Car- qumpungm. dan brags of himfelf,that he could do as much,and that when he lift.Ma- ny times fuch men when they cometothemfelves, tell ftrange things of Heaven and Hell,what vifions they have feen*,as that S r Owen in Matthew Tar is, that went into S' Patricks Purgatory, and the Monk of Rvefham in Part, i- Se&.2« Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.3. Subf.2. 94 in the- fame Anchor. Thofe common apparitions in Bede and Gregory Brims revelations, Wfer. L3.delamus c.ii.Cafar Vannwus in his Dia¬ logues, &c. reduccth, (as I have formerly fajd ?) with all thofe talcs of Witches progreireSjdancing^riding,transformations, operations &c. to V ^ t_:_ rUf o riptnU ninfinns. T he like effects ll- , N ^c^rcc of’'Imagiiiation, andthc^ Devils illufions. The like effedts al- VmZaJdc moft are to be feen in fuch as are a wake:How many Chimeras, Anticks, imaynat. Qo^en Mountains and Caftles in the Air do they build unto them- SS 25 T felvestl appeal to Pamttrt.Mcchan.cians.Mathctnatic.an^Somearcribe cettfecrant come from the battel at Canna, &c .Jacob the Patriark, by force of Ima- propriis corpo- 5 comcrroni tuc uaLt^iau ^ .”7- : \ j . * * Pination, made peckled Lambs, laying peckled rods before hisflieep. P > 1 . . 1 r\. UAUnJnvtjjt K \t Opincr rnp nimire or Per - ll Ji. ferfina that Ethiopian Queen in Heliodorus, by feeing the ptfture of Per - «*«-. . r > and An dromeda., in ftead of a Blackmoor, was brought to bed of a fair white childe. In imitation of whom belike, * an hard favored fcl- q Selct timor 3 low in Greece^ becaufe he and his wife were both deformed 5 to get a good brood of children, Elegant ifmus imagines in thalamo eolkeavit,&c. tes imaginati- hung the faireft pidfures he could buy for money inihis chamber, ffhat orn gignere, , . ° jf - t frequent fiqhtof them , might conceive and hear fuch children. C ' And if we may bel ceve Bale, one of Vopc Nicholas the thirds Concu- r ex vifo urfo, bines by feeing of r a Bear, was brought to bed of amonfter. If a tdtm fepmt. (f a fc h r Lemnius) at the time of her conception , think of another man dMnat. prelent, or ahfent, the childe mil be like him. Great bellied women, when wir. fi inter i onc vce [ c j 11S prodigious examples in this kinde, as Moles, Warts, frtZ'lgtn Scars, Harelips, Monfters, efpecially caufed in their children by force dc uno.aut aho a depraved phancafie in them : If [am fpeciem ([uam ammo efjigtat,joetui titl-rZ’i, Mutt: She imprints that damp upon her childe,which (he ' conceives f,h,L,c . nmo her felf. And therefore Lodmcw rivesJil.i.dt Chrtft. fem. gives t Quid wit fit- a f pcc i a i caution to great bellied women, 0 J hat they do not admit fuch ab- S?!%ST fnrd conceits and cogitations, but by all means avoid thofe horrible objetfs, fpirituu vibra- fa^rd or feen, or filthy frefilacles. Some will laugh, weep, ugh, groan, 2 ST blufli, tremble,fweat, at fuch things as are fugeefted unto them by their matrix urtbio imagination. Avicenna (peaks of one that could caft himlelf into a 1 aliie cmnda eft, . and f ome ca n imitate the tunes of Birds and Beafts, that SSSiZ- they can hardly be difeerned : Dageberm and Saint Francis Scars and gjnatio ? ut fi Wounds like to thofe of Chrifts (if at the leaft any fuch were) 'Agripftx mdginetur 5 Turn™! Uuiiiotai [earn pnficret fiatut : Si Uporem, infans editur fupremo tabeUabiftdo, &diffiCle: Vebemns cogitatit mvetrerum Oc Jet. d'r.fik. Lap.* u Ne dm uterum geftm>*dmittant abfiwdru eogmtmes, fed & viju, audmquc fiada& hmenda dtviretit. x OecHUfPmfi ttb.l. capM. ftippofeth Part. i. Sc<5t.2. Of the force of Imagination. Memb.j. Subf.2. fuppofeth to have hapned by force of Imagination: that fome are turned s >5 to Wolves, from Men to Women, and Women again to Men (which is ~ conftantly believed) to the fame Imagination $ or from Men to Afles, Dogs, or any other fliapes. y Wierus aferibes all thofe famous transfer- * mation$,to Imagination that in Hydrophobia they feem to fee the pi&ure of a Dog, fell in their water, x that melancholy men, and fick men, z Ag.^a, in,. conceive fo many phantaftical vifions, apparitions tothemfelves, and l - ca P- 6 *- have fuch abfurd apparitions,as that they are Kings,Lords,Cocks,Bears, Apes,Owls •, that they are heavy,light,tranfparent,great and little,fenfe- ^ lefs and dead (as fhali be (hewed more at largc,in our * Se&ionsof Sym- ptomes) can be imputed to naught tlfe,but to a corrupt,falfe,and violent Imagination. It works not in fick and melancholy men onely, but even moft forcibly fometimes in fuch as are found : it makes them fuddenly ^ fick, and a alters their temperature in an inftant. And fometimes a ftrong conceit or apprehenfion, as b Vale fins proves,will take away Difeafes : in mtaripo- both kindesit will produce real effefts. Men if they fee but another man “pZfdinu!"* tremble, giddy or fick of feme fearful difeafe, their apprehenfion and exforti apfe- fear is fo ftrong in this kinde,that they will have the fame Difeafe. Or if 5 by fome South-fayer,Wifeman,Fommc-teller,or Phyfitian,they be told C ont.6aionmin- they (hall have fuch a Difeafe, they will fo ferioufly apprehend it, that they will inftantly labor of it. A thing familiar in China, (faith Ricci ns the Jefuite) c If it be told them they (hall be fick on f uh a day , when that day quandoque comes, they will furely be fick, and will befo terribly afflicted , that fometimes jrS ; m they die upon it. D r Cotta in his Difcovery of ignorant Praditionersof^tiJ.9*^. Phyfick, cap.S. hath two ftrange ftories to this purpofe, what phanfie is tumponomui- able to do. The one of a Parfons wife in Northamptonjhire^An. 1607.that coming to a Phyfitian, and told by him that (he was troubled with the utipje mtm Sciatica , as he conjc&urcd, (a difeafe (he was free from) the fame night after her return, upon his \vords,fell into a grievous fit of a Sciatica. And cJum iisfucrit fuch another example he hath of another good wife,that was fo troubled tali die m with the cramp, after the fame maner (he came by it, becaufe her Phyfi- Zdos^UM tian did but name it. Sometimes death it felf is caufed by force of dies «dvenerit } Phantafie. I have heard of one that coming by chance in company oP^^“‘ him that was thought to be lick of the Plague (which was not fo) fell met us afflifti , down fuddenly dead. Another was fick of the Plague with conceit. One c f m *F itu - feeing his fellow let blood, falls down in a fown. Another (faith d Car- dimcumvir- dan out of Ariflotle) fell down dead which is familiar to women at any te colluttantur. gaftly fight) feeing but a man hanged. A few in France (faith c Lodovicns Fives ) came by chance over a dangerous pa(Tage,or plank, that lay over m , cap.deme'. a Brook in the dark,without harm,the next day perceiving what danger (Lib. dePcfie. he-was in, fell down dead.Many will not beleeve fuch ftories to be true, | xdtt&m’ but laugh commonly, and deride when they hear of them •, but let thefe c \ en telJi^Fi men cenfider with thcmfe!ves,as f Peter Byarus illuftrates it, If they were free timore co?i - fet to walk upon a plank on high,they would be giddy,upon which they dare fecurely walk upon the ground. Many (faith Agrippa) * ftrong mmilt ; fc hearted men otherwife, tremble at fuch fights, da\el , and are fick, if they look but down from an high place, and what moves them but conceit ? As fome arc mitiau/qum -• fo moleftcd by Phantafie •, fo fome again by Fancy alone, and a good fcquun- conceit, are as eafily recovered. We fee commonly the Tooth-ache, Gout, Mcmb.2. Subf. 6 . Part. i. Sed.2. Caufes of Melancholy. ■ 9 6 Gout, Falling-ficknefs, biting of a mad Dog,and many fuch maladies cu- -red by Spels, Words,Chara&ers,and Charms, and many green wounds by that now fo much ufed Vnguentum Armarium , magnetically cured, which Crollius and Goclenius in a book of late hath defended, Libavius in a juft TraErturbations and paffions, which trouble the phantafie, though they dwell between the confines of Senfe and Rea- fon, yet they rather follow Senfe chan Reafon, becaufe they are drowned in corporeal organs of Senfe. They arc commonly "reduced into two inclinations, Jrafcible , and nT.YJ .ftfuit. Concupifcible. The Thomifls fubdivide them into eleven,fix in the Cove - ting, and five in the Invading. Arifotle reduceth all to Pleafure and Pain 5 Plato to Love and Hatred 5 0 Fives to Good and Bad. If good, ic is pre- o Anma-. lent, and then we abfolutely joy and love : or to come, and then we de¬ fire and hope for it.- Ifevil,we3bfolutely hate it: if prefcnt,it is Sorrow; if to come Fear: Thefe four paffions p Bernard compares to the wheeles of p scr.is.ji* a Chariot, by which we are carryed in this world. All other paffions are fub- pojfi- ordinate unto thefe four, or fix, as fome will : Love. Joy,Defire,Hatred, Sorrow, Fear : The reft, as Anger, Envy, Emulation, Pride, Jealoufie, curm,q U ibns Anxiety,Mercy,Shame, Difcontent,Defpair,Ambition,Avarice,&c. are boc reducible unco the firft : and if they be immoderate,they confume the fpirits,and melancholy is efpecially caufed by them.Some few difereet Hmquip _ men there are, that can govern themfelves, and curb in thefe inordinate pemmodemi- Aff dions,by Religion, Philofophy,and fuch divine Precepts,of meek- nefs,patience, and the like-, but molt part for want of government, out of FcrmU t. indiferetion,ignorance, they fuffer themfelves wholly to be led by fenfe; Vath - C - ,8 - and arc fo Er from repreffing rebellious inclinations, that they give all in- couragement unto them, leaving the raynes, and ufing all provocations ; to further them : bad by Nature, worfe by Art, Difcipline, r Cuftome, \ffinc depia-' Education, and a perverfe will of their own, they follow on, wherefo- vatur ingeni- ever their unbridled Affe&ions will tranfportthem, and do more out of cuftome,felf-will, than out of Reafon. Contumax voluntas^ as Melantthon Calcmujl.de cals it, malum facit .- this ftubborn will of ours perverts judgment,which * trabl f . fees and knows what fhould and ought to be done, and yet will not do homines hot. it. MancipiaguU , flaves to their fevera) lufts, and appetite, they percipi-/« rf «^» f » tatc and plunge f themfelves into a Labyrinth of cares,blinded with lull, blinded with ambition 1 They feek that at Gods hands , which they may give tfcmmuitwn unto themfelves , if they could but refrain from thofe cares , and perturbations , ^‘oho^de wherewith they continually macerate their mindes. But giving way to thefe unorlfequorl violent paffions of fear, grief,fhame,revenge,hatred,malice,&c. they are ° vid - torn-in pieces, as A cl a on was with his dogs,and "crucifie their own fouls. t Multi fe in hf/juicti/Mncm.pycecipitant an. bitime & ciipiditatibus exc teat if ion vatclLigunt feillud a diis peter c, quod fibi ipfisfi vchnt pr imperai’e vcUcnt . u Tante (Indio mi fen arum caufas^ & 1 dfihum qua umtSyVitam^fccus jeUcijfimamf nftcm & miferablcm efficimus•Petrarch-preefat.de Remediis } &c . N Subs ect* Part. i. Sc6t.z. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.j. Subr.4. 96 Sorrow. Inf anus dolor. xTimor&mcz- diu per- fevu cnt l can fa &fobolcs atri humor is funt 3 & in cinulum Je procrcant. Hip.Aphprif ,! 23. 1.6 . Idem Monl alt us cap . 19. V:florins Tavcntinus pratt . imag y Multi ex nice. rore& metit hue ddapfi (unt . Lem. \lib.i . cap. 16. 2 Malta cura & triftitiafi- accede) c tndemchdiiam (cap.^.d 1 men¬ tis a ,)/'*' tea '-itt* . a*' Sub sect. 4. Sorrow a caufe of CMclancholy. §|||N this Catalogue of Paflions, which fo much torment the ' J Soul of man,and caufe this malady ( for I will briefly fpeak of them all,and in their orderjehe firft place in this Irafcible appetite,may juftly be challenged by Sorrow. An infepara- ble companion, x The mother and daughter of melancholy, her Epitome, Symptome, and chief caufe: as Hippocrates hath it: They beget one another and bead in a rim*,for Sorrow is both Caufe and Symptomc of this difeafe. How it is a Symptome fliall be Ihewed in his place. That it is a caufe all the world acknowledged!, nonnullis infanUcaufafuit, & dliorum morborurn infanab l:um, faith Plutarch to Apollonius •, a caufe of madnefs, a caufe of many other oileafes, a foie caufe of this mifehief, Hmnius cals it.So doth Rhafis cont.l. 1. tract.9- Guianerins Tratt.iy.c.y. And if it take root once', it ends in defpair,as *’ Felix Plater obferves,and as in a Cebes table, may well be coupled with it. b Chryfoftome in his fe- venceenth Epiftle to Olympia,defcxibes it to be a cruel torture of the foul, a mofl inexplicable grief, poyfonedworm, conftiming body and foul, and gnaw- in? the very he art,a perpetual executioner,continual night profound darknefs,a wherimndc.atempefl ,anague not appearingfheatrng worfe then any fre,&a bat- ul ihat hath no end. lt crucifies worfe then any Tyrant^no torture,no (Irappado, • ■ ■ •“ • ’ ' ’Tis the Eagle without queflion which theses he; the heavinefs efthe heart, Ecc 2 5. r 5,16. _ _ but orief a cruel torment, a domineering paflion: as in old Rome, when the - fi , no bodily punifhment is like unto it. ratiffnXotfii the Poets fained to gnaw c Prometheus heart, and no heavinefs is like unto & - R? m - the heavinefs efthe heart, Ecclus 25.15,16. a Every perturbation is a mifery, unm ivfrnu “ “ * " cjus vli b fry or j)fciater was created ,all inferior magiftracies ceafed-when grief appears, mTii£. all other paflions vanffh.// dries up the bones, faith Solomonic. 17.Pro.makes b Anim mm them hollow-ey d,pale,and lean furrow faced,to have dead looks,wrink- crxa ,‘:| c< j browcs,riveled cheeks,dry bodies, and quite perverts their tempera- JSfiS tore that are mifntfoded with it. As Elenora that exil’d mournful Dutches nonjoiutrtoffa, ( ln ouy c £ r ^n(h avid, laments to her noble husband Humphrey Duke of fed c«da !>■:>- I ( ° wizensypo-pe. vuiijur - was enrnifex, Saweft thou thofc eyes in whofefweet cheerful look, <».»;.« Tntkt Humphry once, fuch joy and pleafure took, gis mix,& fine- ■ Sorrow hath fo defpoil d me of all grace, byt pnfnnd* . 7 hen cculdfl not fay this was my Elnors face. non&ppMcnsi 4 fo hinders iowcottioft, refrigerates trie heart, takes away Jtowack, colour 5 and 7 f ffind-i thickens the blood.{fiFcruel;us /. i.c.iS.de morb.caufis ) contaminates the 1 pirns t h Pfo) Overthvowes the natural heat, perverts the good efface of mfnmnu' body and minde,and makes them weary of their lives,cry out,howleand 7 hc:n emurn- roar for very anguifh of their faules.DaW confefled as much,Pjal. 3 S.S. pert dolor Jaci- / have roared for the very difyuetnefs of my heart. And Pfal. 1 19 .x.part .a^.v. Zmairud- ‘fern fir* fc fert. c Nat. Corns MytbolM. c. 6 . d Yullj J. Tufc. omuls perturbatio miferia & camficina ell do. ... h D t 0 n in hit Her.cp F Crate confil- n. lib i. i.ecftuiau,uvcrfuminfrigidat corpus,calorcminnatumextmguit, at) tcii turn dcP.ruit. e Cor refiigerat iriflitia, jpkitmcxliccat,imatumqite talmas ob,uit,vigilias indncit, concotlmem tabe- fdlatfmgrintern incrafjiitfxaggeratquc mdancholiciim f.iucum. h Spiritus &fanguis hoc coataminatur. Pfo. Parr.i. Sett.2. Fear, aCaufe. Memb.5. Subf.5. 91 My foul melteth away for very beavinefs^'erf. 38. 1 am like a bottle in the fmoak. Antiochus complained that he could not fleep, and that his heart- fainted for grief, 1 Chrifi himfelf, Fir dolor um, out ofanapprehenlion of f Mm. 6.16. grief ,did fweat blood,14. His foul was heavy to the death,and r.o “• forrow was like unto YXs.Crato conftl.21.l.i.givcs inftahee in one that was fo melancholy by reafon of 5 grief: and Montanas confil. 30. in a noble g Matron,' 1 that had no other caitfe of this mifehief. 1 . S. D. in Hildefheim, ful- ccrtrjnanclco lv cured a patient of his, that was much troubled with melancholy, and ^ CM /mfco for many years, 1 but afterwards by a Little occajton of Jorrow, he fell into his pdUsjummi- former fts, and was tormented as before. Examples are common, how it femmaemu- caufeth melancholy, k defperation,and fometimesdeath ic felf;for(£« 7 «*. h'xMuffccp. 38.15.) of heaviness comes death.Worldly forrow caufeth death, 2 Cor.j. 10. tm&adum Pfal. 31.10. My life is wafted with heavinefs, and my years with mourning . ? Why was Hecuba laid to be turned to a dog 'Niobe into a ftone? but that jp.cei tde m- for grief Hie wasfenfelefs and ftupid. Severus the Emperor 1 dyed fox laHcholia >” : *- grief 3 and how m many myriads beiides t* ^ Mced f tCi Tanta illi efi fen t as, tanta eft infania iucitts. inpriora fym- MclanUhon gives a real on ofit, n thegathering of much melancholy blood a- f ^ ata ,m ~ bout the heart, which collection extingu/jheth the good fftrits, or at leaf diilleth k rives 3.* a- them, forrow flrikes the heart ,makes it tremble and pine away, with great pain : And the black blood drawn from the (fleers, and diffufed under the ribs, on the Ovid. “ m left fide, makes thofe perilous hypecondriacall convnlfons, which happen to ^Heradian.1.^. them that are troubled with Sorrow. qulmmrfi? confumptiis eJK m Bodnvellius atnb'ilanvA obilt Bri^arrus Genucnfis bift.&c. n Mceflitia cor quafl pcrcu([um conflringitur, tremit & lon¬ gue frit cum acri fen fu doforis. In triftitia cor fegiens attrahit cx Splenc lent urn humorem mclancholicum J qiu ejfufut fub coflis id fmiflro latere byjycondriacos flatus fecit, quodfepe accidit iis qui diuturna cur a & mxflitia confhftanlur. Mclanclbon. Subsect. 5. Fear , a Caufe. jO fen german to Sorrow, is Fear, or rather a lifter, fdus Acha- [ tes , and continual companion, anafliftant and a principal agent in procuring of this mifehief 3 a caufe and fymptome as the other. In a word, as 0 Virgil of the Harpies , I may oZ.i6.3,ev£tf.4. juftly fay of them both, p umeum t- Triftius hand illis monftrum, nec ftevior utia ./ u ° nt Pcflis & ira Deum flygiis fefe extulit undis. mtntemconce- A fadder monller, or more cruel plague fo fell, ^ammsfeu* Or vengance of the Gods, ne’r came from Styx or Hell. q Lillies Gi- This foule fiend of fear was worlhipped heretofore as a God by the La - 'f d dl Synt fY ccdamonians, and moft of thofe other torturing p affections, and fo was \ m ff " 4 “ * forrow amongft the reft, under the name of ngerena Lea, they flood r caimdisja*. in fuch awe of them, as Aujlin de Civitat. Dei, lib . 4 .cay. 8. noteth out of Farro, Fear was commonly q adored and painted in their Temples pmifiaesinfa - with a Lions head and as CMacrobius records 1.10. Sat urn ahum 3 r In the Calends of Unitary Angerona had her holy day, to whom in the Temple quodwgorcset of Felupia, or Goddtfs of pleafure, their Augures and Bijhops did year- «iumf»Uki- ly fscryfce 3 that being propitious to them, jhc might expell all cares, [utTpfopfuat. N 2 anguifh, Parc. i. Scd.2. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.j. Subf.7. 100 prized at unawares,by fome Gentlewomen of his Parilh,wandering that way- was fo abalhcd, that he did never after lhew his head in publike-or come into the Pulpit, but pined away with Melancholy : ( Pet. Foreftus md.0hfervat.hh. 10. ohfervat.ii. ) So lhameamongft other pailionscan P Hcnow there be many bafe, impudent, brazen-faced rogues, that will 1 Null a pal/elcerc culpa, be moved with nothing,take no infamy or difgrace to heart, laugh at all-, let them be proved perjured, ftigmatized, convift rogues theeves, traitors, lofe their ears, be whipped, branded, carted, pomted at, luffed, reviled, and derided with u Ballio the Baud in Plaums , they rejoyce at it, Cantores probos h hahe and Bomlax, what care they < We have too many fuch in our times, - Exclamat Melicertaperiffe __ Frontem de rebus. Yet a modeft man,one that hath grace,a generous fpirit,tender of his re¬ putation,will be deeply wounded,and fo grievoufly affedted with it,that he had rather give myriads of crowns, lofe his life, then luffer the leaft defamation of honor, or blot in his good name. And if fo be that he can¬ not avoid it, as a Nightingale, Que cantando vitla moritur , ( faith" Mi - Raidas, )dics for lhamc, if another bird ling better, he languilheth and pineth away in the anguilh of his fpirit. S u b s e c T. 7. Envy , c JMalice, Hatred , Caufes. Nvy and Malice, are two linkes of this chain, and both, as Guianerius Tratf. 15. cap. 1. proves out of Galen ^.Aphorifme,com. 11 . y caufe this malady hy them- felves, effecially if their bodies be otherwife difpofed to cJWclancholy.’T is Valefcus de Taranta, and FoelixPla- terus obfervation, x Envy fognawes many mens hearts, _ _ jhat they become altogether melancholy. And therefore quorum corpo- beli e Solomon , Prov. 14. r 3. cals it, the rotting of the bones , Cyprian, raadhancapta j f OCCultum \ (unt . 7 t Marat. uT/. Imp 11 dice. 11 It a cji.Pf. fcclcfte.B.dicis vtra.Pf.V'crbc- ro.B,quippeni Pf furcifer.B. fa hum op time* Pf foci frauds. B.funt mea ifLtcPf.parrUi - da B. perge tn VfSacrilege. B. fatcoy.P (perju¬ re B.vcra die is. Pf permties adolefcentum. B a c err i me. Pf fur.B. babc.Pf. fugitive. B. bnmbax.Pf fans popuh.B. PUnifJime. Pf. impure Icnoja- num.B.canwcs prebos.Pfcudo - las aft. 11 Seen, l x cehtj.e Pl’r mo . y Mnltos vide •mus propter in¬ vidiam & odi - um in ml an - choliarn inci- diffe: & ill os potbffimum - a Siculi neninvenere tyranni CMajus tormentum- zlnvidii affli. git homines w ^___ dfSahiiS The Sicilian tyrants never invented the like torment. It crucifies their Schoiicipirn- fouls, withers their bodies, makes them hollow-ey’d, b pale, lean, and $ ant - oaftly to behold, fer.i de %jlo & kvere. c As a Moth gn awes agar - b went, fo,faith Chryfofiomejoth envy confute a man : to be a living Anato- minttX) torviis tyiV C 3- Skeleton,to be a lean and A pale carcafs , quickned with a e fiend. Hall in Sfckfm Char acl. for fo often as an envious wretch fees another man profper^to be trcmvijiridK enriched,to thrive,and be fortunate in the world, to get honors, offices, indcnhbus, or ^ | ie re pines and grieves. Vdl "vWmmrnAc, invtdia aim qui xclaiui confumit. d Tatttr in mfedet, maty tnmpm toto. Nufqum reClaades, livait rnbmne dentes, t DMi cxpnjfa Image, toxicum ebaritatis, venenum amiatiu,abjffus mentis, nene/t ce monjtropus monfirnm., damnofius damnum, tint , tenet, difiruaat made & fynatore confiat. Aufim. Vomm, pmn. A dvent. ^ Me mb. 3- Subf.7. Part. 1 . Scft.2. Envy, Ualice, Hatred, Cattfcs. • - f intabifcitqtie videvdo 1 o 1 Sncceffus hominum - fupphc unique [turn eft. ~ ,, He tortures himfelf if his equal, friend,neighbor be preferred, commen¬ ded, do well, if he underftand of it, it gaules him afre-fh, and no greater pain can come to him,then to hear of another mans wel-doing/tis a dag¬ ger at his heart every fuch objeft. He lookes at him, as they that fell down in Lucians rock of honor, with an envious eye, and will damage himfelf, to do another a mifehief: Atque cadet fufito ; dumfuper hoftecadat. As he did in lAEfop, lofe one eye willingly, that his fellow might lofe # both, or that rich man in * Quintilian that poyfoned the flowers in his garden,becaufe his nighbors Bees fhould get no more honey from them. malefic is fuccis His whole life is forrow, and every word he fpeaks a Satyre, nothing fats him but other mens ruines. For to fpeak in a word, Envy is nought elle ' tcn ft cmo “~ but Tnftitia de bonis ai.enis, forrow for other mens good, be it prefent,g sutmemk part,or to come.-dr- gaudium de adverfts,. and § joy at their harms,oppofite to mercy, h which grieves at other mens mifchances, and mifafre&sthe liquefiunt ad body in another kinde 5 fo Damafcen defines it, hb.z.de orthod. fid. Tbo- mas 2.2. quxft.36. art.i. Anftotle 1.2. Rhet. c. 4. & 10.Plato Philebo.Tully g.iudcnt &• or-, 3. Tuft.Greg .NicJ.de virt,animat .c.n. Bafil.de Invtdia. Pindar us od.i.fer. nanturMuftk 5. and wefinde it true. ’Tis a common difeafe, and almoft natural to us. as * Tacitus holds, to envy another mans profperity. And ’tis in moft am*mpr*ie- roen an incurable difeafe. k 1 have read , faith Marcus Aurelius , Greek, He- T t f£ fiunt in brew, Chaldee Authors, 1 have confulted with many wife men , for a remedy for h Al. fncmdla. envy , 1 could finde none, but to renounce all happinefs , and to be a wretch, and Aim, f --.«/?>• mifer able for ever. - Tis the beginning of hell in this life, and a paflion not to be excufed. 1 Every other Jin hath fome pleafure annexed to it, or will corpus makJffi - admit of an excufeyenvy alone wants both. Other ftnncs la/l but for a while , the gut may be fatisfied , anger remits , hatred bath an end, envy never ceafeth. f ’jnftnmmor- Cardan lib. i.defap. Divine and humane examples are very familiar, you td-ouinnatura you may runne and read them, as that of Sattl and David, Cain and Abel, . ncm angebat ilium non proprium peccatum,fed fratris profperitas, faith Tbeodoret , tmagris ocuUs it was his brothers good fortune gauled him .Rachel envied her After,be- ing barren, Gen. 30. lofephs bretheren him,Gen.37. David had a touch of vfugi cbm*. this vice,as he confefleth m Pf 37. "Jeremy and °Habbakuk, they repined at os,Gr*cos,He - others good, but in the end they corrected themfelves. Pf.y^.fret not thy fdfffc, Domtti unsized Agricola for his worth ,? that a private man (hould'rcmcdio imi- be fo ninth glon fed.^Cecinna was envyed of his fellow Citizens,becaufe he f n *^f™un- was more richly adorned. But of all others, r women are moft weak, ob ciare fclicitati, pidthritttdme invidaflint famina Mufaus)aut amat,ant odit,nihil eft tertium \ Cr.-Jatcnfts.) They love, or hate, no medium amongft them. Implacabt- Tomlepecca. lesplcrumque Ufa mulieres, Agrippina like, 1 A woman ifjhe fee her neighbor tumautcxcu- tnore neat or elegant, richer in tires, ft ewe Is, or apparel, is enraged,and like a Lionc\s fets upon her hushand,railcs at hcr,fcoffcs at her,and cannot abide her $ input cm, fou fo the Roman Ladies in Tacitus did at Solonina Cecinna's wife, ! becaufe fhe invidiama- * ([lie caret ,?■ elt- qua vilia finer,i h/ihcrd, ira defervefcitygula fatiatur> odium finem babet, iirvidia nunquam quiefeit. m Vrcb.it me cemuUtio fftins. nfciM. o Uab. 1 . p. liivldit privali nomcn fupra pmcipis atioUi. q Tacit.Hifijib.i. part. 6 r Peri- r.iycc dulore & irvidia, fi quern vidcrint ormtioremfe in publicum prodiijfe . P la tin a dial.amorum. i AnUGuiamim lib . io 8. -L-, 7 . M. Ami'll famina viemm elegantius fe ve(litam vidensjeanainfiar in viruminfurgit^c. t Quodinfem tqno & ojiro vcfamnr, quantum nulfm cum injum } ornatm ilium tanqnm l*J * zravabantw. had Parc, r. S^ft^. Caufes of Melancholy. Mcmb.3. Subf.8. 102 bad a better horfe,and better furniture,as if [he had hurt them with it-,they were —- much offended: In like fort our gentlewomen do at their ufual meetings,one "flhjwem- repines or fcoffes at anothers bravery and happinefs. Myrfine an Atticke 7 ies exccUcret, wench, was murthered of her fellows fbecaufe fie did excel the reft in beau - nau"ccide r ty,Conftantwc Agncult .1 . 11.c.7.every Village will yeeld fuch examples. runt. Subsect 8. emulation, Hatred , Faction, Be fire of revenge, Caufes. x Late patet ln~ limueT&l* Ut of this root of Envy, x fpiing thofe feral branches of zoy radix nm- faftion, hatred, livor, emulation, which caufe the like mimaiomm, §j((l|pw M grievances, and are, fen a anima , the fawes of the foul, nid: ‘odium'* * conflernationis pleni affeftus, a fie ft ions full of defperate a- furg!t,cmuUtio mazement; or as Cyprian deferibes emulation, it is y a moth dfuZye!' 1 of the joule, a confumption, to make another mans happinefs his mifery , to tor- * v.dtftm l. 3. ture,crucifie and execute himfelf , to cate his owne heart. Meat and drink can c %*; u< n do fuch men no good,they doalwayes grieve,figh and groan,day and night with- out intermiftion, their hr eft is tome afunder : and a little after, 1 Whomfoevcr tabespcCions f )e j $ whom thou defl emulate and envy, he may avoyd thee, but thou canft net- wMwum" 0 ther avoid him,nor thy [clffwbcrefoever thou art,he is with thee,thine enemy is fa’icltatem fu. ever in thy brejl, thy deftruclion is within thee, thou art a captive, bound hand and foot, as long as thou art malicious, and envious,and canft not be comforted, qtiofdz’npeff jtwas the deviLs overthroiv •, and whenfoever thou art throughly affefted v-ciTn^cs' with this paflion, it will be thine. Yet no perturbation fo frequent, no c wftjtalufflibiM 3 paiTion fo common. ' > fcufibiis a Kct) xlgftpidjq ks jazzes Korea ^ region retilcor, Kaj $.w%th,niggardli- nefs,fear,bafhfulnefs,or otherwife,to which by his birth,place, fortunes, education he is called, apt, fit, and well able to undergo ; but when it is immoderate, it is a plague and a miferablc pain. Whatadcaleof money did Henry the S.& Francis the firft King ot France, at that d famous dAmo lU9 interview ? and how many vain Courtiers, feeking each to outbrave o- betwixt a, an ther,fpent themfelvcs,their lively-hood and fortunes,and dyed beggars? and ^“ me - £ Adrian the Emperor,was fo galled with it, that he killed all his equals ; JJgJJ fodid AVro. Thispaffion made ( Dionyfius the Tyrant banifh Plato and g Johannes He- Philo xenus the Poet, becaufe they did excell, and eclips his glory, as he thoughtjThe Romans exile Coriolanmxon(\ncCamillus,mmgether,at the fiege ot Aeon in the Holy land,and pace fubiata Richard had approved himfelf to be the more valiant man, in fo much that all mens cys were upon him,it fo gaul led PbiIip,Franctim urebat Regis Zt invif,m faith mine s Author, tam agre ferebat Ruhardi gloriam, ut car (ere # defat, dicta,calumnian facta ; that he cavilled at all his proceedings, and fell at length to open defiance 5 he could contain no longer, but halting home, wi.t. invaded his territories, and profcflcd open war. Hatred flirs up contention, Prov. 10.12.and they break out atlaft into immortal enmity,into virulen- ut utbes fub- cy, and more than Vatinian hate and rage *, they perfecute each other, jnat d,q U .w. their friends, followers,and all their pofterity with bitter taunts,hoftilc ^ wars,fcurril invedives, libels,calumnies,fire,fword,and the like,and will tiasaiuquijb- not be reconciled. Witnefs that Guelf and Gibe/line fadion in Italy •, that of the Adurni and Frcgofi in Genoa •, that of Cneius Papiritts, and Quintus mrtales vero Fabius in Rome . Cafar and Pompej , Orleans and Burgundy in France 5 Fork ™fhres in pro- and Lane after in England: Y ea, this paftlon fo rageth 1 many times, that {‘Zltdfmfe. it fubverts not men onely,and families, but even populous Cities, * Car - rabilitcrimmr thage and Corinth can witnefs as much, nay flourifhing Kingdoms are brought into a wildernefs by it. This hatred, malice, fadion, andde- muk Rmaui lire of revenge, invented firft all thofe racks, and wheels, ftrapadoes, wpunfMdk brazen bulls, feral engines, prifons, inquifitions, feverc laws to mace- O rate Part.i. Se&.2. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.3. Subf.9. 104 rate and torment one another.How happy might we bc,and end our time --— with blefled days,and fweet content,if we could contain our felves,and as we ought to do,put up injuriesdearn humility, meeknefs,patience,for- itp a ul 3.Col. get and forgive, as in k Gods word we are injoyned, compofe fuch final 1 Rom. 12 controverfies amongft our felves,moderate our paffions m this V\ndc,and think better of others, as 1 Paul would have us, then of our [elves : Be of like affetfion one towards another, and not avenge our felves, but have fence with all men. But being that we are fo peevifh and perverfe , infolent and proud, fo factious and feditious,fo malicious and envious-,we do invicem aneariare, maul and vex one another, torture, difquict, and precipitate our felves into that gulf of woes and cares,aggravate our mifery,and me¬ lancholy,heap upon us hell and eternal damnation. Sub sect, 9. n Jr a & in Anger a Caufe. Nger,a perturbation, which carries the fpirits outwards* pre¬ paring the body to melancho)y,and madnefs it felf: lrafuror' brevis efi and as m Piccolommeus accounts it,one of the three moft violent paffions. 11 Areteus fees it down for an efpecial , _ caufe (fo doth Seneca,ep. 1 8./. 1 .)of this malady. 0 Magninut “emwxduci- gives the reafon,£x frequenii irafupramodumcalefiunt 3 it over-heats their till iratus. bodies, and if it be coo frequent, it breaks our into manifeft madnefs, faith S Ambrofe. Tis a known faying. Furor fit Ufa fapius patientia, the OMs/t-*-mo& patient fpirit that is, if he be often provoked, will be incenfed to jtiutui rnR£ j nc .f s; ic vvill make a devil of a Saint: And therefore Bafil (belike) in his fecit, Homily deIra,cm ittenebras rationisjnorbum anima,&damonempefimum 5 (t [jig darkning of ourunderftanding,and a bad Angel.^ Lucian in Abdicato , f'T' n . ,‘tr- Tom.. 1 • will have this paffion to work this effed, efpecially in old men la nnirntu, ar\d women, Anger and calumny (faith he) trouble them atfirfl, and after a ptiuiuiimv-r-' w fci e i :r(a k out i„ te open madnefs .-many things caufe fury in women, efpecially rwSe*' 1 ft hey love or hate overmuch , or envy, be much grieved or angryy theft things rum corf «ra p [ !U [ e an d h t tle lead them on to this malady. From a difpofition they pro- Zl» a b£?*»’ cecd to an habit, for there is no difference betwixt a mad man, and an biim addi+cu/it, angry man,in the time of his fit:Anger,as LaElantius deferibes it ,L.de Ira prxdpMfi-que ^ Donatum c. 5.is 1 fava animitempefias, e^e.acruel tempeftofthc minde,making his eyes Jparkle fire, and flare, teeth gnafh in his head, his hacpuluimin t0fJ oue (luttef his face pale, or red, and what more filthy imitation can be of a iv.ianimt.in- ■ , J ^ J d:m eve Amt. mad man . . r q sava animi ora tument irafervefeunt janguwe vena, tanpcjhs tan - Lumina Gorgonio faviits angue micant . /?»# m'uTiL T hey are void of reafon,inexorable,blinde,like hearts & monfters for the tim ai defiant time,fay and do they know not what, curfe, fwear, rail, fight,and what nt/ngnZi. not'How can a mad man do morels he faid in the Comedy, { lracundia t'-ibet,dentes no »fum ap'd me, 1 am not mine own man.If thefe fits be immoderate,con- c,ncnrm,8cc, unu J e i 0n j, j0r t» c frequent,without doubt they provoke mudnds.Montanus (Terence. COr> fi 1 ' gens animi confiernatio mlancholicos facit.Actcm. jraimmodica g'gnti infam- nm. oRegfMlt* Dane i.c * lK Part.i. Se". malice, anger, and III fuch pejliferous perturbations. Good Lord deliver us. 10. b Lib . 1. lnvidia cjl do. v. W r» ; - - J - - - lor&ambitio Ifcontents,cares, crolles.miferies, or whatfoever it is, that tfhMM*. fliall caufe any moleftation of fpmts, grief, anguilh, and c J im _ perplexity, may well be reduced to this head,(prepolter- oufly placed here in fomc mens judgments they may feem) yet in that Anflotle in his 1 Rhctonck defines thef Horim(eJia | - — -- cares as he doth Envy, Emulation, &c. ftillby grief, I m»*, ov,d. vTTZlSSSmSSi* Irafciblc row, being that they are as think I may , d Symptoms of this difeafe, producing the like y untes , Ro - thereft, both cades p accompanicd with anguifh and pain. **«.***. ^common Etymology will evince it , Curaq.afi cor «ro Bmcnus t tJ Thecommon y BT \ ■ m riutt,urmfca,&c. biting, cur a, infornnes cur a, aamnoja our*, irj ■ 1 tetrick, mifera- • ’ a cruel,bitter, lick, fad, unquiet, paie, tctricK, maximmim- eatin p , & eg as the Poets c call them, worldly cares, and arc chotia^uando ble, intolerable * u c r, t c a Galen Fernelius , Felix Plater, 'vigiins muftis, K minv in number as the Sea fands. Oaten, ternenus, > & (oihcitui,- A, Tar ant a &c. reckon affli&l , ko . Sale feus de Tar , min de, as principal caufes, in that 7 ,bus,&cum ^"y'rake away fleefS^hinder concoftion.^dry up the body, and con ^ u ™' Subsect. Difcontents, Cares, Miferies, &c. caufes. Part.i. Se&.2. Caufes of Melancholy. Memb.3. Subf.io. 106 * Lucian. Po - dag. the fubftanceof it. They are not To many in number, but their caufes be as divers, and not one of a thoufand free from them, or that can vin¬ dicate himfelf, whom that Ate dea , * Per hominum capita molliter ambulans , Pi ant aa pedum teneras habens : Over mens heads walking aloft, With tender feet treading fo foft. c ommimpcY- Homers Goddcfs Ate , hath not involved into this difeontented rank, or feda, confufa, plagued with fome mifery or other. H)ginus,fab. 220. to this purpofe wepkn^cw- hath a pleafant tale. Dame Cura by chance went over a brook, and dm. ’ taking up fome of the durty (lime, made an Image of it 5 Jupiter eftfoons doming by, put life to it,but Cura and Jupiter could not agree what name to give him, or who Jhould own him ; the matter was referred to Saturn as Judg, he gave this arbitrement. His name fhall be Homo ab humo , Cura turnpofiidcat quamditt vivat , Care fhall have him whilft he lives, lupiter his foul, and TeUus his body when he dies. But to leave talcs. A general caufe, a continuatc caufe, an infeparable accident to all men, isdifeon- tent, care, mifery •/ were there no other particular affli&ion (which who is free from ?) to moleft a man in this life, the very cogitation of that f tab. 7. nu. common mifery, were enough to macerate, and make him weary of his hl fnemm to think that he can never befecure, but (fill in danger, forrow, G>- ad vagi turn grief, and pcrfecution. For to begin at the hour of his birth, as* Pliny tdu natura. doth elegantly deferibe it,He is born naked , and falls s 4 whining at the very devhtRiujacelf ts fwadted and bound up like a prifiner, cannot help himfelf, andfo he &c. t continues to his lives end. Cujufque fero pabulum, faith * Seneca, impatient heat and cold, impatient of labor, impatient of idlenefs, expofed to Fortunes contumelies. To a naked Marriner, Lucretius compares him, T ® V 1 ' caft on lhore by fhip wrack, cold and comfortlefs in an unknown Land : No eftate, age, fex,can fecurc himfelf from this common mifery. A man admit 0 iKpw- that is born of a woman , is of fhort continuance, and full of trouble, Job 14,1, vau2(um S & 21 ‘ an ^ w hdc his fle[h is upon him, he [ball be forrowful, and while his finl is lachrynans tn hint, it [hall mourn. All his days are forrow, and his travels griefs,his heart *° n Tm i a ^° ta e{ h mt re P m f h e nr &ht, Eccluf. 2.2y. And 2. 11. All that is in it , *,»?. M<1 ‘~ ** forrow itnd vexation of jpirit. h Ingrefs,progrefi,regrefi, egrefi, much alike : * Boethius. Blindnefi feizeth on us in the beginning, labor in the middle , grief in the end - wf wSS error in A ^' m ’ Mt day arifith to us, without fome grief, care , or anguifh ? Or labor, cxittim what fo ficurc and p leafing a morning have we fien, that hath not been over- dolor /'fn° m ' ca ft before the evening? One is miferable, another ridiculous, a third 7rwt 2Z* odious. One complains of this grievance, another of that. Aliquando qu*f», quem nervi, aliquando pedes vex ant, (Seneca) nunc difiillatio, nunc epatis morbus ; "aZ 22*' mnc d ee ft> nune fuperefi fanguis: Now the Head akes,then the Feet, now diem cgimus ? the Lungs, then the Liver, fire. Httic fenfus exuberat,fed eft pudori degener f'vbZue’pe,’ f an Z at *> He is rich, but bafe born 5 he is noble, but poor-, a third 'cuimUbi^e hath means, but he wants health peradventure, or wit to manage his ■dolor, ubique eftate: Children vex one, Wife a fecond,^c. Nemo facile cum conditione lT/iwS m f u * concordat, no man is pleafed with his fortune, a pound of forrow is quoding me familiarly mixt with a dram of content, little or no joy, little comfort, wtam. Lypji b ut i ever y w herc danger, contention, anxiety in all places: Go where thou Parr. i. Sect. z. Dsft on tents, Cares,(fee. Memb.$. Subf.io. thou wilt, and thou (hale finde difeontems,pares,'woes, complaincs.ficb- 107 nefs, difeafes, incumbrances, exclamations : If thou look into the Market, ~ - ijjere (faith * Chryfoftom) is brawling and contention • if to the Courts there * S i knavery andflattery,(jrc. if to a private mans houfte, there s cark and care **f*-umivms, he ovine ft, &c. As he fa id of old, 5 ibmx* 3 & Nil homne in terra (Jurat mifcnim magis alma ? eunijH fmu. No creature fo miferabk as man, fo generally molefted, 1 in mtferies of *> P body, in miferits of minde ., mtferies of heart, in mtferies afteep, in mifencs a- wake, in mtferies wherefoever he turns, as Bernard found, Nnnquid tentatio' iHmcr - ejl vita humanafuper terram ? A meer temptation is our life, t Aujtin. con- la tm/miL fef. lib. 10. cap. 28J catena perpetuorum mabrum, & quit pot eft moleftiM & rus, mpJi > difficultatespatt ? Who can endure the miferies of k * * in prolber.t-i we ■ mrmi r 1 /# 1 • 1 » 1 /- „ ^ * }* . . mifmisy dim arc mfolent and intolerable, dejected in adverftty, in all for times foolrfh.and dLmitfdZ miferable. m In adverftty 1 wifhfor profterity, and in prosperity 1 am aft'aid of adverftty • What mediocrity may be found ? where is no temptation ? what con■ dition of life isfree ? " Wifdom hath labor annexed to it, glory envy ■ riches tcmprXmf and cares, children and incumbrances , plea fire and difeafes, reft and beggery 'Tj C ff‘"' r , e ,.„ go together: As if a man were therefore born , (as the Platonifts hold ) to be fmumtrn- punijbed in this life, for fome precedent fins. Or that, as 0 Pliny complains, rmd: ‘ !ncah - Nature may be rather accounted a ftep-mother, then a mother unto ns, all things confdered: No creatures life fo brittle, ft full of fear, fo mad,fo furious • One- flute ly man is plagued with envy, difoment, gnefs, covet oufnefs, ambition,juper- m ftition. Our whole life is an I rift Sea, wherein there is naught to be ex- advejftjjjc- pe&ed,but tempeftuous ftorms,and troublefom waves,and thofe infinite T0 > r Tantum malorttmpelagm afpicio, • ’ Vt non fit inde enattndi copia. medm locus, no Halcy onian times, wherein a man can hold himfelffecure,oragree with ’twTviutc- his pretent eftate : but as Boethius infers, s There isJomethmg in every one istio ? of us, which before tryal we feek, and having tryedabhor : r We earneflly wijh, n CarA:Xn - cm - andeargcrly covet, and areeftfoons weary of it. Thus betwixt hope and fear, fulpitions, angers, 1 Inter fpemque metumquejimores inter & irai, £f iri * tnvidu, betwixt falling in, falling out,^r. we bangle away our beft days,befool out our times, we lead a contentious,difcontent,tumultuous,melancholy, di). vottptai} miferable life 5 infomuch,that if we could foretel what was to come and qMc!i it put to our choice,we fhould rather refufe, then accept of this painful SS%™do- life. In a word, the World it fclf is a maze,a labyrinth of errors,a defert, rum t celcrum a wilder nefs, a d en of theeves, cheaters,efc. full of filthy puddles, hor- rid rocks, precipitiums, an ocean of adverfity, an heavy yoke, wherein cumPutonifiis infirmities and calamities overtake, and follow one another, as the Sea a ffu rc ' waves ; and if we fcape ScylU, we fall foul on Charybdis, and fo in per- Non penial fear, labor, anguiflv we run from one plague, one mifehief, OnC ^ Mslioy burden to another, duram fervientes fervttutem, and you may asfoonfe- parate weight from lead, heat from fire, moyftnefs from water, bright- fuor hone/ca uefs from the Sun, as mifery, difeontent, care, calamity, danger from a man - Our Towns and Cities are but fo many dwellings of humane pafo-r%y u fio\ mifery. In whichgrief and(orrow ft as he right well obferves out of Solon) rabies ’ mvitio data* lnctwi y waiitia, uni[nperflitie. p Euripides, q Ds confoi l. 2 ,. Nemo facile cum conStione fua. concordat mefl ftxgubs tjurd mrpcviu ftimtt, expert: boreem. xEffe m home juvat, mx dityheet. f Hm. c Bmbtut in 6. Job. Vfbcs &• oppid.t mbit Miud junt y.am hmSnarum arnmnarum domicile, qaibus luflus &ttMor, dr trmixhum vmun- fbiitique labo. es, & omms generis vitia t quap ftptis inUulhmiu-r. innumerable I OS innumerable troubles , labors of mortal men, and all maner of vices, are tn- - eluded , * #»/« Our villages are like mole-hills, and men as lo many Emots, bufie, bufie ftill, going to and fro, in and out, and eroding one anothers projects, as the lines of feveral Sea-cards cut each other in a UiVirt chytrm Globe or Map. Now light and merry, but ("as one fohows it) by-and-by forrowful andheavy , now hoping, then diftrufttng } now patient tomorrow Ltiusnunc, cnw „ 0l{t n0 w pale, then red-, running, fitting, fweattng, trembling, halt- Zcfrak ing, &c. Some few amongft the reft, or perhaps one of a thoufand, may pwhtoftdif- b \ Pu Hus lovis, in the Worlds efteem, Galhn* fit us alba, an happy and fortunate man, im ; nunc pal- and office • yet peradventure ask himfelf, and he will fay. That or all las, rubens, . > he ’ is mo ft m if er able and unhappy. A fair fhooe, Hicfoccus novus, • elmrn, as hei' (aid, fed »efcii M »r*t, but thou knoweft not where it tremens y &c. pincheth. It is not anot-her mans opinion can make me happy * but as gStS * Serna well hath it. He is a mferaUe me,eh 'if doth no, uu ,,mhmCdf P h*. happi though he be Soveraign Lord of a world-, he is not happy, if he think y cn.Gr Minus. m t0 y e f 0 . f or w hat availeth it what thine eft ate is, erjeem to others , if tiou thyfelf diftike it? A common humor it is of all men to think welt on ^er mens fortunes, and diflike their own Cutplacet altenus, fua ni- mundt mirum tft sdio fare : but b q«i fie how comes it to pars, non eft beatus, w hat’s the caufe of it i Many men are of fuch a perverie nature, they t-Zid eL are well pleafed with nothing (faith c Theodoret) neither with riches, nor refert quails poverty , they comp lain when they are rve/l^ and when the) areJick^ grumble at flatus am fit* r a u fortunes, projberity and adverfity •, they are troubled in a cheap jeer, in a iXr CU ‘ barren , plenty or not plenty,not king pleafeth them,war no r peace,with children, a Hor.cp. 1 1.4. mr without. This for the moftpart is the humor of us all, to be dif- conte nt, miferable, and moft unhappy, as we think at leaft; and fhew cub.de curat. me him that is not fo, or that ever was otherwife ' gutntus cm et ellus ^c.afct.cap. hi s felicity is infinitely admired amongft the Romans, infomuch, that as 5 ; 7 W ' d Paterculus mentioned of him, you can fcarce finde of any Nation, Mult is nihil order, age, fex, one for happinefs to be compared unto him : he had in ‘tdeo&L- a word, Bona animi, corporis dr fortune, goodsof minde, body, and for- t\as damnant 3 tunc fo had P . Lftiutianus c Craffus. Lampfaca that Lacedemonian Lady, ZlTfZ was fuch another in { P links conceit, A Kings wife, a Kings mother, a expoflulantybc - Kings daughter : And all the world efteemed as much of Polycrates of vc vdentes- Samos The Greeks brag of their Socrates, Phocyon, Ariftides j the Pfophi- CSr/ 5 dians in particular of their Aglaus, Omni vita felix, ab emnipericulom- dicam,nihileds munis (which by the way Paufanixs held impoffible)thc Romans of their s Cato, Curias , Fabricius, for their compofed fortunes, and retired eftates, gcnkZZ, oovernment of paflions,and contempt of the world:yct none of all thefe s .dims : hom- was happy, or free from difeontent, neither Metellus,Craffus, nor Ptlycra- ZZfZhL tes ,for he died a violent death, and fo did Cato: And how much evil doth tem foYtiwce Latfantius and 7 heodoret fpeak of Socrates, a weak man,and fo of the reft. There is no content in this life, but as h he faid. All is vanity and vexation of Ipirit lame and imperfett. Hadft thou Sampfons hair, Milo's ftrength, S candor begs arme, Solomons wifdome , Abfolons beauty , Crafts mimbmarummaxima,quodeffetditiflims, quod effetnobilipimut, eloquent,flimus, Jurifconfultifimus,Tmifex.maxi- nms. ( Lib.7 Regis filia, Regis uxor, Regis mater, g 4 >«i r.M unqnammaU aut dixit, aut fecit, autfenfit,qia bene femper fecit, quod alitcr facerc non pituit. h Solomon Ecckf. 1. 14. ^ Mctclii compu- res, Vol.i. c P CftltfllS Mutianus, quinque /;.?■ Parr.i. Sedevihfhly bent one towards another, rim voinptatn how is it pofliblc, but that we iiiould be difeontentof all fides, full of ^intTu’wjt' cares,woes, and miferies? mplnZldT If this be not a fufficient proof of their difeontent and mifery, examine nom conn - ever y condition and calling apart. Kings, Princes,Monarchs,and Magi- TuISaic ftrates feem to be moft happy,but look into their eftate, you (hail ' find luBuify.fenRe. them to be moft encumbred with cares,in perpetual fear,agony,fufpition, ^omuarcM jcaloufieithat as 11 he faid of a Crown, if they knew but the difeontents Rc'scp Z?mu that accompany it,they would not ftoop to take it up. guem mhi regem feticiuu. dabis {faith Chrjfoflome )non curls plenum'! What King canft thou fiiew me, qumwuls not full of ca res . ?x Look not on his crown foul confider his affiichonsmttend not babci. his number of fervants, hut multitude of cro(Jcs. Nihil ahud poteflas culmims, wumtoliwes f emf,ra ^1^.^ times ; make ns howle, roar, and teai our haire , m rvetllt> r ible and «roan for the very anguifh of our fouls. Our hearts taiie us, as amrma , ub.e, c-na ro. i L m me r able troubles that compared him ; and we “So weep with Sr««, to curfe thcday of our birth with kre- , and our aars with J^rtohold thataxiomeof Silent*, better k6?firmmmn ’Ztr re L b,r«, mi,he bef *<«» ¥ Jg-** Vive to abandon the world,as did,creep into caves and holes,as our Anchor iresicaft all into the ^ e2 > a s Crater T/»efa««r:or as hociatos 400 auditors, precipitate our felves to be rid of thefe mifenes. P Subsect, Parr.i. Se