P R O P E R T Y O F.
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ESCAM B | A COUNTY COURT HOUSE .












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ALIGATOR HUNTING.



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RAILROAD BUILDING THROUGH PINE FOREST.



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. CUSTOM H O U SE & POST OFFICE . --










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PENSACOLA, A
* ... ... *
;
: Ls” ING in that portion of Florida west of the Appalachicoa River, which is usually spoken
; of as “West Florida,” and by nature rather belongs to Alabama than to Florida,
Pensacola has made since the war a marked and rapid advance. Situated on the northwest side
of the splendid Bay of Pensacola, a part of the Gułº of Mexico, it seems to be destined to be-
come the teading commercial city of Florida. Pensacola was punded by the Spaniards in 1696.
In 1719 the French took it, and kept it until 1722, when it was restored to Spain. In 1763 it was
- ceded to the English, by whom the part known as Old City was aid out in 1764–65. In 1780 ºne
; F artiards recaptured the town, which finally, in 1819, came wth the entire Territory ºff Florida
ii. the poss son of the United States. The population between 1870 and 1885, has increased
; by 220%, 120% of which fall between the years 1880 and 18% Present population, 11,000.
| The harbor has an area of 200 square miſè isºmités long rºd 7 miles wide at an average,
and has an average depth of water of 30 to 35 {&# The channel at the entrance of the port
#has a depth of 25 feet, and when the obstructions are removed will . . iiciently deep to


. . has done much for this port. The anchorage within
the Bay is excellent, and vessels ºn he loaded directly at the wharves. Extensive docks.
have been erected and other improvements accomplished. º
The Annual Marine Statement ºn tº year ending July 1, 1884, shows the following:
. WEssers ENTERRD. : : . Tonnage. Crew.
Foreign. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247.018 5119
American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,912 341
Co . . . . . . 80,718 1525
::::::... . . 3. aſsºs gºss
During the season ending Octºber 31, 1884, there were shipped 10,489 bales of cotton.
In guano, iron, coal, and various \ºmelican products also a trade is being developed.
Lumber, however, constitutes tº chief staple of Pensacola's industry. Florida has al-
inexhaustible forests of yellºw pine, cedar, juniper, cypress, red, white, and live oak,
lo gum, cotton tº walnut, etc. There are alone, 48,000.0
§ tº lumber sta
asting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
bor
s at one time in th
A vessel





























Pensacola's first railroad connection with the States was by the Louisville and Nashville
Railroad, which runs from the city north to Flomaton, or Pensacola Junction, 44 miles, where
connections are made for the Northeast and West. The Pensacola and Atlantic Railroad,
completed only two years ago, opened direct communication with the eastern portion of the
State, which formerly was for all practical purposes more difficult of access to Pensacola than
New York. It connects at Chattahoochee with the Florida Railway and Navigation Com-
pany and the Savannah, Florida and Western Railroad. The Pensacola and Perdido Railroad
runs from Pensacola to Millview, on Perdido Bay, and is used largely in the transportation of
lumber.
* CLIMATE.
The beautiful semi-tropical climate forms the ºn basis
Though it lies ten degrees nearer the equator than º' . . . .
ture, and a far more equable and dry air. The rºls for 's ºr ºn tº ex; ***,
The Gulf Stream carries off immense quantitiº ºf ºuts ºut of the region, while
branches of the returning current also lave Florida homes, and ºl in mºunt
prising equilibrium of its temperature, which averages 65" in wintº and rarely
in summer. The Indian Summer in the Middle and Northern States closely rese; eº a
Florida winter. The mildness of the climate and the pure, bracing air, laden with the bal-
samic odors from the immense pine forests, fit Florida as a grand sanitarium of the whole
country. The stream of the health-seekers goes chiefly into the interior of the State, along
for the attractions to Florida.
tly it has no hºber tempera-
the St. Johns River, or to the cities bordering the Atlantic. For invalids in the advanced .
3







tages of consumption the northern and western part of the State offers really more advan-
tages, the land here being more hilly or rolling, and almost free from malaria. The constant
sea-breezes from the Gulf of Mexico, though invigorating, have not the too stimulating effect,
so often injurious to invalids, as those on the eastern shore of the State. Pensacola, in parti-
cular, has a very equal and salubrious climate. The mean annual temperature during twenty
was as follows, for each month of the year: January, 57.03”; February, 59,94°; March,
l, May, 73.50°; June, 79.36°; July, 80.90°; August, 80.56°; September,
er, 71.88°; November, 64.12°; December, 57.26°. Rain falls only during the
winters are usually clear and dry, with now and then a light frost in the
of the State.
from malarial fevers, so much dreaded by invalids, are in Florida not as great
Northern States. In the Middle Division of the United States the propor-
orous, calcareou
le p
e malaria a
idly
rious to
ear the


















OLD AND NEW PENSACOLA.
In 1722 the original town of Pensacola, founded in 1696, was removed to the west end of
Santa Rosa Island, near the present site of Fort Pickens, where it remained until 1754, when
it was almost swept out of existence by an inundation. The frightened inhabitants deserted
the spot and settled upon the magnificent location where Pensacola now stands. The part
known to-day as the “Old City” was, during the Civil War almost destroyed, but there still
remain many old Spanish buildings, built after the ancient picturesque style and surrounded
by old-fashioned gardens. On two sides of the houses usually runs a broad porch, where
stand rows of geraniums and lavender, growing in odd-shaped earthen pots. The rooms are
ornamented with fans, shells, feather and wax flowers, pictures, saints' images, old laces and
stuffs, in the quaint, gay Spanish fashion. In the rear of the city are the ruins of the old
Spanish forts, San Miguel and St. Bernardo. A certain indefinable aroma from the old, igno-
rant, picturesque times lingers still in Old Pensacola, but the time may not be far off when
the last relics of a romantic period in the history of the city will have vanished.
Modern Pensacola presents the appearance of a very prosperous city. It has business
thoroughfares, blocks of fine buildings, hotels, shops, banks, an Opera House, a new Court
House and many other public buildings of elegant design. The new Continental Hotel, a
handsome structure, affords excellent accommodations. Palafox Street, of which our album
gives an excellent view, is the leading thoroughfare. St. Michael's Catholic Church, on
Palafox and Chase Streets, is in process of building. Thºprincipal Protestant denominations
seem to have vied with each other in erecting handsome little churches. The Methodist and
. . f; § º

pal church is one of the largest and handsomest in the city, and is situated on
X- quare. The city has good public schools
are in the same block with the Catholic, and the Presbyterian opposite on Palafox.
are. The Baptist church is near Seville
ola's outlying regions are a great circuit of gardens and orchards, and its suburbs
§: . how heap architecture. There are many amuse-
's Park, a delightful place, with its
, has the largest patronage.
ght, rolling waters, rivals suc-
Properly speaking, it consists
ng at the city. Perdido Bay,
water in the State. Escam-
anch of the harbor. At the
beach of which affords excel-
a grand and historic old.






























are extensive barracks, a lighthouse and the Naval Ho
years ago built upon a foundation which seemed as end .
Gulf undermined it, though an immense sea wall was erected for its pr
be given up as a fortress. In its ruined condition it forms a subune
surroundings. . .
In the Bay every description of salt water fish abound. On the ball off
Island the famous red snapper is caught in immense quantities, varying in weig from five
pounds to sixty. Rivers and lakes in the vicinity of Pensacola swarm with superb fresh wate
fish, notably trout, black bass, and pike. In 1884 over 16,000 barrels of fish on ice have been
shipped, such as redsnappers, bluefish and pompano. . &:.. sº
A beautiful little sheet of water, lying 80 miles east of Pensacola, 275 feet above the sea, w
almost unknown, until the opening of the Pensacola and Atlantic Railroad, two years sinc
brought it within easy reach of the tourists. An association of Northern men, attracted b
the charming and exceedingly healthful location, amid dense pine woods, selected the site
a winter resort, on the Chautauqua plan. A large hotel, equal in all its appointment to
in the country, has been erected, and the first season o rida Chautauqua was suc
fully opened in February last. The pleasures fishing aud hunting add
charm to this lovely spot. The Grand Ridge, o ghest elevati,
eastern end of whic lake is located, has been pronou b
absolutely free from malaria. Lake de Funiak will doubtle










































the pictur-
flow
th a rare luxuriance, im-
Territorial Legislature
istance along












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