A 477166 1 1 1, to + h. minisz? 1 1 - 1 1 1 LE 1 OF OF MIC IGAN Ê LIBRARIES ARTE DIT . THE UNIVERSE MICHIGAN ادا کرد اج امر :یر مد و در 7. H7. adel th Feblighid Frine 6."1990 by T.Price. Hereford Infirmary from the Palace Gardens. AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE CITY OF HEREFORD. WITH SOME REMARKS ON THE RIVER WYE, AND THE NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL BEAUTIES CONTIGUOUS TO ITS BANKS, FROM BROBERY TO WILTON. EMBELLISHED WITH ELEGANT VIEWS, PLANS, &C. BY JOHN PRICE. =HEREFORD= PRINTED BY, D. WALKER, AT THE PRINTING-OFFICE, HIGH-TOWN; SOLD BY ALL THE BOOKSELLERS IN THE CITY AND COUNTY; AND BY MESSRS. MARTIN AND PAIN, N° 184, FLEET-STREET, LONDON, =1796= DA .690 H54 P9 ro THE WORSHIPFUL JOHN IRELAND, ESQ. MAYOR, AND THE PRINCIPAL CITIZENS, OF THE CITY OF HEREFORD, THIS HISTORY OF THE CITY, IS, WITH THE GREATEST RESPECT, DEDICATED BY THEIR MOST OBEDIENT HUMBLE SERVANT, JOHN PRICE. + PREFACE. FORD. The Editor fome time paſt publiſhed a Hiſtory of Leominſter, with which, tačtus foli natalis amore, he commenced in preference, though he had better information concerning other parts of the County of Hereford : his original deſign being to defcribe the moſt noted places in the County, he has ventured to proſecure his plan by giving an HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE CITY or HERE- Since the impreſſion of his former Work, he has had an opportunity to diſcover its defects, and has endeavoured to avoid them in the preſent un- dertaking, following in that reſpect the advice of certain critical publications, which generally ſpeak the opinion of tlie Public, and, to whoſe juſt deciſions, he, as a young literary adventurer, ſhall always pay a proper attention. He has, accord ingly, abandoned the recital of fuperfluous Charters, Records, Liſts, &c. which only ſerved to ſwell the volume; though, in the Appendix, he has confined himſelf to a locality of matter, which may poſibly be deemed unworthy of general notice, he can alledge as ſome extenuation, that in that regard he has acted by particular deſire. The authorities upon which he has proceeded, are nearly the ſame as thoſe mentioned in his Account of Leominſter, except that many paſſages, 1 PREFACE. particularly relating to the City, have been taken with permiſſion from fome valuable documents col- lected by the Rev. J. Lodge, to whom the Editor acknowledges himſelf under very great obligations. His intention was to go through the County of Hereford nearly upon the preſent ſcale, but, after mature deliberation, and finding that his daily avocations do not allow him ſufficient time, he pur- poſes reſting the continuance of any future labours upon the ſucceſs of the preſent work. Should it meet with moderate approbation, he ſhall ſtrive to be deſerving of it by redoubled care and induſtry; if, on the contrary, the reverſe ſhould happen, he ſhall certainly not expoſe himſelf again to the juſt feverity of public criticiſm, * but, laying aſide his materials, wait until more advanced years ſhall have ripened his experience. * Here the Editor cannot help animadverting upon ſome ob- . fervations contained in a periodical publication long noted for its learned remarks and liberality of ſentiment. In a review of his Hiſtory of Leominſter for the month of December, 1795, it was mentioned, that “his diſſertation upon the general productions of the country, was evidently taken from Mr. Marſhall and the Rev. 7. Lodge.” The latter gentleman, with whom he has the honour to be intimately acquainted, mentions the aſſertion to be un- founded and illiberal; and that it was not taken from the former, an examination of his works will evidently evince. The truth is, the paragraph in queſtion, the chief purport of which was to in- veſtigate the profits to be obtained from the cultivation of hops, was taken from actual produce, and written in direct oppoſition to the principles advanced by thofe gentlemen, but-humanum eft 81101e. CONTENTS. PAGE. 9 14 55 62 63 64 68 70 71 72 73 74 79 ETYMOLOGY of the name-HEREFORD Sketches concerning the City, Caſtle, and its Vicinity Topographical Account of the City Salubrity of its Situation Government Trade and Manufactories State of Navigation Poor The Town or Shire Hall The Infirmary The Theatre Public Amuſements, Walks, &c. Account of the Biſhopric of Hereford Cathedral Principal Monuments Biſhops of Hereford Members of the Cathedral The Chapter Houie The Collegiate School Account of the Churches Monaſteries Hoſpitals and Alms-houſes Eminent Perſons born in Hereford Earls of Hereford Account of the Wye from Brobery to Wilton Appendix 86 94 1:05 130 134 136 138 143 14S 155 162 176 213 REFERENCE TO THE PLATES. 00 57 60 View of the Infirmary, from the Palace Gardens Bye-ſtreet Gate Plan of the City South-eaſt* View of the Cathedral and Palace Ichnography of the Cathedral View of the Remains of the Chapter Houſe The Courſe of the Wye from Brobery to Wilton S6 92 134 176 .* The Engraving is inſcribed, South-weſt, inſtead of South-eaſt View. AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT ! OF THE I CITY OF HEREFORD. ETYMOLOGY OF ITS NAME. 1 HE , a who writes the Antiquities of a Provincial City, will find his judgment frequently em- barraſſed, and his progreſs retarded, by the uncer- tainty of information, and frequently by the contra- dictory accounts which he receives; for, as few authors have recorded much authentic intelligence of this nature, he is obliged to have recourſe to tradition, which, though ſometimes true, ſeldom deſerves implicit confidence. Nor is this the only difficulty that will occur: the barrenneſs of events at certain periods, will frequently interrupt his narration, and the regular arrangement of detail. 1ο AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF This is in a particular manner experienced in re- lating the Hiſtory of Hereford. Its ancient ſtate, indeed, is eíther fo far involved in obſcurity, or the accounts of it ſo diſtracted by various opinions, that, at preſent, it is not with certainty known what was its real name during the time the Romans had poſſeſſion of theſe parts. Ariconium being mentioned in the Itinerary of Antoninus as not far diſtant, ſome have ſuppoſed the preſent Hereford to be the fame. Later anti- quaries, however, are diſſatisfied with theſe con- jectures: fome affert, that it was ſituate about four miles north-weſt from Hereford, at a village called Kentcheſter, or Kencheſter Walls; others ſay, that it was at Bolitre,* in the pariſh of Weſton- under-Penyard, near Roſs; which ſituation better anſwers the deſcription which Antoninus gives of it, viz. that it was placed at the diſtance of about twelve or fourteen miles from the prefent Glouceſter. Which of theſe conjectures is founded in truth, or whether any of them be right or not, muſt be a matter of difficulty at this time to decide. Yet it may not be improper to mention here, that al- though popular opinion ſeems to be very much in * This place, in Taylor's Map of Herefordſhire, is named Roſe, and is marked as a Roman ſtation. The ground about this ſpot is of a black or darkiſh colour, very different from the natural foil. Roman coins, fibulæ, images, and other Roman antiqui- ties, as well as Britiſh coins, have been frequently found there. 1 THÉ CITY OF HEREFORD. II favour of Kencheftcr,* the evidence chiefly reſts upon the ſuppoſition, that Kencheſter is the ſame * Whether Kencheſter be allowed to be the ancient Ariconium or not, it has evidently been a place of conſiderable note. The termination cheiter, which ſeeins to have been derived from the Latin word Caftra, indicates it to have been a Roman ſtation at ſome ſeaſon or other. The coins, bricks, &c. which have been found there, ſeem alſo to favour this opinion; the majority of them being evidently of Roman conſtruction: 'beſides, the old Roman road, or Watling-ſtreet, which, crolling Severn at Wroxeter (Uriconium) in Shropfhire, and paling through the Strettons, runs through part of Herefordſhire, by Leintwardine, Wigmore, Stretford, Canon-Pyon, and then, turning to Stretton, ſeems to point directly to the Wye at Kencheſter, a name which always denotes an ancient road. 6. There are viſible to this day, the ruins of ſome old walls, os called Kencheſter Walls, about which there are often dug up • ſtones of inlaid chequer-work, Britiſh bricks, Roinan coins, and • the like. In the year 1669 was found a great vault, with a “ table of plaſter in it; the vault itſelf was paved with itone; « and thereabouts were dug up, alſo, many pieces of Roman « coins, with large bones, leaden pipes, ſeveral Roman urns, " with aſhes in them, and other veſſels, the uſe of which was not so known." Another author, confounding Kencheſter with Archenfield, ſays, “ The name of Ariconium ſeems to be retained " at this day in Archenficld, though nothing remains of its former ſplendour, but a piece of teinple, probably with a niche, which is is five feet high, and tlịree broad within, built of brick, ſtone, and « indifloluble mortar. There are inany large foundations near it. “ A very fine Moſaic floor, a few years ago, was found entire, " which was ſoon torn to pieces by the ignorant country people. " A bath was found here by Sir John Holkyns, about ſeven feet ſquare, the pipes of lead entire; thoſe of brick were a foot long, three inches wide, let artificially into one another; over " theſe, I ſuppoſe, was a pavement. In another place is an hol- " low, where burnt wheat has been taken up. All round the I 2 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF A with the ancient Urchenfield; whereas the latter is only a diſtrict, confined between the Wye and the Dore. During the time that Hereford was in the poſ- feflion of the Welſh, it was called Ereinuc,* or, ac- cording to others, Trefawith, from the great number of beech trees that are ſaid to have grown near it. The Saxons ſometimes called it Fernley, from fern growing about it. The preſent name, which is alſo of Saxon origin, is reported to have been de- rived from a ford in its neighbourhood, where the two contending nations, the Saxons and the Welſh, were accuſtomed to paſs the river Wye. It is added, by way of clearing up the etymology of the place, that a Saxon General, being hard preſſed by the Britons, into whoſe dominions he had ven- tured rather too far, was obliged to retreat with ſuch precipitation, as to miſtake the uſual paſſage sc city you may eaſily trace the walls, ſome ſtones being left every " where, though overgrown by hedges and trees. The ſituation " of the place is a gentle eminence, of a ſquariſh form; the earth “ black and rich, overgrown with brambles, oak trees, full of cc ſtones, foundations and cavities, where they have been digging " and found many coins. Colonel Dantrey (Danſey, I ſuppoſe) « has paved a cellar with ſquare bricks dug up here. The late 66 Earl of Coningſby adorned the floor of his evidence-room with " them.”_Britiſh Curioſities. * Ereinuc, or Erinaceus, which in Latin fignifies an urchin, ſeems to have been the ſame as the ancient Urchinfield: Hereford, by being the capital, might have retained the name; it was called alſo, in Britiſh, Hén-ffordd. l. the old way. THE 13 CIT CITY OF HEREFORD. of the river; but after he had purſued its courſe for a conſiderable ſpace, and was in the utmoſt danger of having his troops entirely cut off, he eſpied the turrets of the city, and cried out to his diſheartened followers, Here-ford. Uport which they reſumed courage, and paſſed the river without much loſs from the enemy. But whatever may be the true etymology of He- reford, it is evident that it was a place of note, dur- ing the beginning of the Saxon Heptarchy. 14 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF SKETCHES CONCERWING THE CITY, CASTLE, AND ITS VICINITY. HEREFORD EREFORD was a conſiderable city about the time that the Romans had poſſeſſion of this iſland; but particulars of any conſequence re- lating to it, being loſt in the general wreck of time, we muſt ſtep forward to that period when it be- comes more generally known. About the year 600, Chriſtianity began to make ſome progreſs in this country, by the preaching of Auſtin the Monk; and the inhabitants growing more civilized, began alſo to erect chapels or churches, to build towns, and to court the mutual bleſſings of ſociety. This is the firſt period, when Hereford appears to be noticed in the page of Hiſtory (William of Malmeſbury.) Peada, one of the Kings of Mercia, having been converted, from that time it increaſed ſo rapidly, that, in about twenty years after, we find it a place of conſiderable importance; and when Church Government came to be eſtabliſhed, it was erected into a Biſhoprick, and Putta was ordained the firſt Biſhop, A. D.680. At that time, Herefordſhire was ſubject to the Britons or Welſh, and this fee was under the metro- THE CITY OF HEREFORD, ! 1.5 politan church of Caerleon. But an ambitious and powerful King of Mercia went to war with the Bri- tons, who were ſettled in theſe parts; and drove them into the mountains of Wales, to which, from that time, they have been forced to confine themſelves. Offa, who ſucceeded to the kingdom of Mercia ſoon after, built a palace and fixed his reſidence at South Town, or Sutton, (now called Sutton's Walls,) about three miles to the north of Hereford. It is ſituate on the top of a hill, the ſummit of which is level, and eſtimated to contain about thirty acres of ground, * fenced round with a continued ram- part of earth, except towards the north and ſouth fides, where there ſeem to have been roads into it. - The better to ſecure his dominions from the Welſh, he raiſed the celebrated dyke known by his name, which began a little below Chepſtow, and extending itſelf through Brecknockſhire, part of Herefordſhire, Radnorſhire, &c. reached to the river Dee, near Cheſter. During this time, Hereford, lying between the two contending powers, began to decline; and con- cerning it we find little remarkable, till the unfor- tunate death of Ethelbert, King of the Eaſt Angles; and, as that event was the occaſion of this city in- ? * There is alſo a low place in the middle, which the people to this day call the Cellar, or Offa's Cellar: and ſome years ago, by accidentally digging there, a ſilver ring was found of an antique forin. 16. AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF creaſing in riches and ſtrength, in a very rapid manner, it may not be improper to mention the chief circumſtances of it. (William of Malmeſbury, De Pont. Math. Weſtm. Capgrave). Offa, King of the Mercians, having agreed upon conditions of marriage between his daughter, Alfrida, and Ethel- bert, King of the Eaſt Angles, invited him to his palace at South Town, ar Sutton, to compleat the marriage, where King Offa, with Quendreda, his Queen, received him with great demonſtrations of joy and kindneſs; but whether this kindneſs on the King's part were ſincere or not, is doubtful. It is generally related, that the Queen, preſently after King Ethelbert's arrival, barbarouſly contrived his murder, that ſhe might procure to her family the acceſſion of a new kingdom. The execution of her bloody deſign, ſhe com- mitted, it is ſaid, to one Wintbert, who contrived a ſumptuous chair in King Ethelbert's bedchamber, which might be let down into a vault, with the perſon in it. The unſuſpecting King, after a day ſpent in feaſting, was conducted into this chamber, and, ſitting in the ſaid chair, fell down into a hol- low ſpace, where Wintbert and his bloody affo. ciates inſtantly ſtifed him.* Concerning this, Philips thus writes: " And Sutton-acres, drench'd with regal blood Of Ethelbert, when to th' unhallow'd feaſt of Mercian Offa he invited carne, THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 17 The King's body being taken out of the vault, was, by the command of King Offa, privately buried at Marden, where a well is ſaid to have miraculouſly ſprung up, called to this day St. Ethel- bert's Well. But his body was ſoon after removed to the Minſter Church at Hereford, to which King Offa, in teſtimony of his repentance, gave very rich preſents, and alſo erected a magnificent tomb to his memory. Among other donations, he gave a virgate of his demeſne lands next adjoining the ſpot whereon his own houſe ſtood in the manor of Sutton, and where the parſonage-houſe ſtill remains: he likewiſe granted from all his eſtates within that extenſive lordſhip, the tenth ridge of land, plowed and lowed by the occupiers, as well as the tenth cock or ſheaf of corn and grain, to the Canons of the Cathedral Church at Hereford, , (then termed the Preſbytery of Marden,) all which the Dean and Chapter now enjoy, King Offa, in further expiation of this murder, went on pilgrimage to Rome, and afterwards built the Abbey of St. Albans. His Queen, Quendreda, within three months after the commiſſion of the deed, ended her days in miſery. Egfrid, her ſon, a virtuous Prince, for whoſe advantage the murder To treat of ſpouſals: long connubial joys Hle promis'd to himſelf, allur'd by fair Elfrida's beauty; but deluded dy'd In height of hopes.-Oh! hardeſt fate, to fall By thew of friendſhip and pretended love!" 18 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF was committed, inſtead of enjoying two kingdoms, reigned but a few months over one, being taken off by an untimely death; whereby the kingdom of Mercia was tranſlated from the family of King Offa; and, laſtly, her daughter, Alfrida, con- ceived ſuch a horror of her parents' crime, that ſhe retired to a ſolitary life in the monaſtery of Croyland. King Ethelbert's death happened in the year 794. King Ethelbert being a Prince of excellent qualities and endowments, the whole nation be- came enraged at' fo flagrant a breach of all the rights of hoſpitality and the laws of nations; and as the popular current either of applauſe or hatred, is ſeldom ſeen to flow with a moderate or equal ſtream, we ſoon after find King Ethelbert canonized as a Saint; and in ſucceeding times, the opinion of the Royal Martyr's fanctity increaſed to ſuch a degree, that Milfrid, one of the following Kings of Mercia, either new built or much enlarged the Cathedral, dedicating it anew to St. Ethelbert, King and Martyr. The fame zeal which inſtigated the public to erect this ancient fabric, induced the religious and benevolent in thoſe days, to make very liberal do- nations to it: the fame alſo of the miracles per- formed at the ſhrine of the Royal Martyr, occa- fioned great numbers of pilgrims to reſort to his tomb, whoſe numerous contributions tended greatly THE CITY OF HERÈFORD. 19 to augment and enrich this city; ſo that Hereford ſoon after became a very conſiderable place. William of Malmeſbury informs us, that it after- wards came into the power of the Weſt Saxons, and Athelſtan had ſo far ſubdued the Welſh, that he forced ſome of their Princes to pay him an an- nual tribute of twenty pounds weight of gold, and three hundred pounds weight of ſilver; an enor- mous ſubſidy in thoſe days: but they did not tamely fubmit to ſuch hard conditions, and accordingly we find them always ready to ſhake off the yoke of fervitude. The city of Hereford, on account of its vicinity to the Welſh frontiers, muſt often have ſuffered much from the wars and depredations of their tur- bulent neighbours; and though, during a ſeries of years, a great number of commotions diſturbed the peace of its inhabitants, the greateſt blow it felt was in the year 1056. For when Griffin, Prince of Wales, invaded this country, Hereford ſeemed to be his principal ob- ject. Ralph, Earl of Hereford, had been ſent to oppoſe him; but ſome of his troops not doing their duty, the fortune of the day turned againſt him, and his army was defeated, Ralph himſelf being killed in the engagement. This battle took place about two miles from Hereford, which city, with its caſtle, muſt have been at that time of great importance, and ſtrongly fortified, as appears from 20 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 3 the accounts of various writers. Hollingſhed makes mention of it---“ In the mean tyme alſo Griffin " the King of Wales deſtroyed a great part of “ Herefordſhire, againſte whome the power of that « countrye, and alſo many Normans that lay in “ garrifon- within the caſtell of Hereford, com- mynge to give battayle, were overthrowne in the « fame daye. Griffin, having gained this important victory, proceeded to attack the city; and though he loſt numbers of his men in the attempt, he ultimately fuc- ceeded in rendering himſelf maſter of it by ſtorm. Irritated at the obſtinate defence of the beſieged, and the loſs of ſo many of his choſen men, Grif- fin was reſolved to put all indiſcriminately to the ſword. The inhabitants, conſcious of his cruel deſign, had betaken themſelves, with the beſt part of their property, for ſecurity, into the Cathedral Church, a ſanctuary or place of refuge, which, in thoſe times; was looked upon in ſo ſacred a light, that few dared to infringe upon the privilege. Whether Griffin was a Chriſtian or not, does not plainly appear; ſome authors ſay, that he had been lately converted: but it is certain, that after having plundered the reſt of the city, ſparing neither ſex nor age, he marched with his men towards the Minſter, or Cathedral Church of St. Ethelbert. On his arrival at the grand entrance, the Biſhop in his pontificals, attended by Earl Agelnoth, and THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 21 his Canons, remonſtrated with him on the heinous crime of entering armed, and meditating Naughter in the very temple of the Almighty; they alſo beg- ged of him, in the name of that God whoſe Mi- niſters they were, to ſpare them and their fellow- citizens. Griffin, unmoved by their ſupplications, demanded an immediate entrance, and on being in fome manner oppoſed, there followed a moft dread- ful carnage. The Biſhop, who had only attained that dignity a few weeks, Earl Agelnoth, the Ca- nons, and the inhabitants, with their wives and children, all ſhared in one common deſtruction. We may ſuppoſe the Cathedral to have been very rich, from the numerous gifts and donations ſent from all parts of the iſland to the ſhrine of St. Ethelbert. Theſe treaſures the conquerors con- veyed away, and afterwards ſtripped the Church of every thing valuable; their revenge not being as yet ſatiated, they ſet it on fire, by which this noble ſtructure was reduced to a heap of ruins. The flames accidentally communicated to the city, and as all, or the greateſt part of it, was built with timber, and covered with ſtraw, it was quickly reduced to alhes. Some accounts, I find, mention Leofgar, the Bilhop, to have been the only perſon ſpared from the general carnage: if this be true, his fate could not be a ſubject of envy, as they made him ſuffer every ſpecies of cruelty, which their hatred could ſuggeſt, and at laſt put him to death, at a place 22 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 1 called Glaſbury, in Brecknockſhire. In conſidera- tion of theſe cruelties, which he is ſaid to have fuf- fered on account of the epiſcopal dignity he bore, as well as for the pious life he led, he was afterwards enrolled among the ſaints. Where he was buried, is uncertain. Griffin did not long enjoy the fruits of his bloody revenge, for in conſequence of the ruinous and un- healthy ſtate of the city at that time, he was obliged to abandon it, and pitched his tents upon a hill about three miles to the north of Hereford, where he and his men gave themſelves up to drunken- neſs and debauchery. King Edward, being then at Glouceſter, and hearing of theſe cruel proceedings, raiſed an army with all ſpeed, and appointed Harold, Earl of the Weſt Saxons, his General. Harold (afterwards King Harold,) the hero of thoſe days, levied alſo a large body of men within his own immediate government, and, being joined by the forces in the Mercian territories, made forced marches in order to ſurprize the enemy. In this he ſucceeded, and, attacking them both in front and rear in their own intrenchments, he put thein entirely to the rout, with a terrible ſlaughter, and compelled the re- mainder to retire into Wales, from whence they made no further attempt to renew their depredations. Harold, on his return to Hereford, greatly in- creaſed the works of the caſtle; he alſo employed THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 23 his army in erecting dwellings, and fortifying the town with a ſtrong wall and deep ditch. It is ſaid, that the materials for this purpoſe were brought from the ruins of Ariconium,* which is reported * It is generally believed that Ariconium, wherever ſituate, was thrown down by an earthquake. Mr. Philips has introduced a very well imagined account of it in his excellent Poem, called Cider, which I ſhall take the liberty of inſerting here for the entertainment of the reader. " In elder days, ere yet the Roman bands, Victorious, this our other world ſubdu'd, A ſpacious city ſtood, with firmneſt walls Sure mounded, and with num'rous turrets crown'd, Aërial ſpires, and citadels, the ſeat Of kings, and heroes reſolute in war, Fam'd Ariconium; uncontrol'd, and free, Till all-fubduing Latian ums prevail'd. Then alſo, tho' to foreign yoke ſubmiſs, She undemoliſh'd ſtood, and ev'n till now Perhaps had ſtood, of ancient Britiſh art A pleaſing monument, not leſs admir'd Than what from Attic or Etruſcan hands Aruſe, had not the heav'nly pow'rs averſe Decreed her final doom: for now the fields Labor’d with thirſt, Aquarius had not ſhed His wonted liow'rs, and Sirius parch'd with heat Sollitial the green herb: hence 'gan relax The ground's contexture; hence Tartarean dregs, Sulphur, and nitrous ſpume, enkindling fierce, Bellow'd within their darkſome caves, by far More difinal than the loud-diſploded roar Of brazen engin'ry, that ceaſeleſs ſtorm The baſtion of a well-built city, deem'd Impregnable: th’infernal winds till now Cloſely impriſon'd, by Titanian warmth Dilating, and with uncteous vapours fed, 1 L 24 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF to have once been a conſiderable city, but thrown down by an earthquake. In a few years after, we Dildain'd their narrow cells, and, their full ſtrength Collecting, from beneath the ſolid maſs Uplieav'd, and all her caſtles, rooted deep, Shook from their loweſt feat: old Vaga's ſtream, Forc'd by the ſudden ſhock, her wonted track Forfook, and drew her humid train aſlope, Crankling her banks: and now the low'ring ſky, And baleful lightning, and the thunder, voice Of angry gods, that rattled foleinn, diſinay'd The ſinking hearts of men. Where ſhould they turn, Diſtreſs'd? Whence ſeek for aid, when from below Hell threatens, and ev'n Fate ſupreme gives ſigns Of wrath and deſolation ? Vain were vows, And plaints, and ſuppliant hands, to Heav'n erect. Yet ſome to fanes repair’d, and humble rites Perform'd to Thor, and Woden, fabled gods, Who with their votries in one ruin ſhar'd Cruni'd and o'erwhelm'd. Others, in frantic mood, Run howling thro' the ſtreets: their hideouis yells Rend the dark welkin; Horror ſtalks around, Wild-Itaring, and his fad concomitant, Deſpair, of abject look : at ev'ry gate The thronging populace with haſty ſtrides Preſs furious, and, too eager of eſcape, Obſtruct the eaſy way; the rocking town Supplants their footſteps; to, and fro, they reel Aſtoniſh'd, as o'ercharg'd with wine; when lo! The ground adult her riven mouth diſparts, Horrible chaſm profound! with ſwift deſcent Old Ariconiuin ſinks and all her tribes, Heroes, and ſenators, down to the realıns Of endleſs night. Meanwhile the looſen'd winds, Infuriate, molten rocks and flaming globes Hurl'd high above the clouds, till, all their force THE CITY OF HEREFORD.. 25 (6 find, that “there were : one hundred and three men, inhabiting within and without the walls, having the following cuſtoms: “ If any of them deſigned to leave the city, " he might, by the permiſſion of the chief officer, « ſell his houſe to another, that was willing to perform the accuſtomed ſervice; for which li- « cence the chief officer received the third penny “ of the purchaſe money; but if any one, by reaſon " of his poverty, could not do the ſervice, he left « his houſe without the price to the chief officer, who was to take care that the houſe ſhould not " remain empty, that the King might not loſe the « ſervice. " Within the walls of the city, every entire dwelling-houſe was to pay ſeven-pence farthing, « and four-pence towards hiring of war-horſes, and “ three days in Auguſt to mow lay in Maurdine Conſum'd, her ravenous jaws th' earth fatiate clos'cl. Thus this fair city fell, of which the name Survives alone; nor is there found a mark, Whereby the curious padenger may learn Her ample fite, ſave coins, and moldering urns, And huge unwieldy bones, laſting remains Of that gigantic race; wlich, as he breaks The clotted glebe, the ploughman haply finds, Appallid. Upon that treacherous tract of land She whilom ſtood; now Cercs, in her prime, Smiles fertile, and, with ruddieſt freight bedeck'd, The Apple-tree, by our forefather's blood Improv'd." С 26 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 4 t (Marden), and one day to 'rake or gather it « together, wherever the Sheriff pleaſed. “ When the King went out a hunting, from “ every houſe, by the cuſtom, there was to go one « man to drive the deer to a ſtand in the foreſt; « other men, not having dwelling-houſes, entirely “ their own, were to find inner guards for the hall, “ when the King was in the city. “ When a burgeſs ſerving with a horſe died, “ the King was to have his horſe and arms. From « him who had not a horſe, the King, on his « death, was to have either ten ſhillings, or his - land and houſes. If any one, prevented by death, had not deviſed his ſubſtance or effects, " the King was to have all his cattle,” &c. Doom- day Colleet. per Gale. Harold, who repaired the walls and rebuilt the city, is alſo ſaid to have entirely erected, or made ſome additions, to the interior of the Caſtle of Here- ford. That fortreſs is ſuppoſed to have occupied a very large tract of ground, and to have been one of the ſtrongeſt and beſt fortified of any in the kingdom; its circuit being nearly as large as Windſor. Leland, who lived temp. Hen. VIII. gives a very accurate deſcription of it: “ The dungeon of the Caſtell is high and very ſtronge, having in the outer walle or warde ten “ towers, of a ſemicircular form, and one great « tower in the inner warde. There was a great THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 27 « bridge of ſtone arches, and a draw-bridge in the « middle of it, to enter into the Caſtell. It ſtood on the north-weſt fyde of it. It is now clean s downe. “ There is a fair chapel of St. Cuthbert, the “ eaſt part whereof is made in a circular worké. “ There were ſometimes Prebendes; but one of " the Lacyes tranſlated thein from thence into St. " Peter's in Hereford towne; and that College “ was there tranſlated into the eaſt fuburbe of He- reford, and a Priory of Monks erected there, " and made a cell to Glouceſter. « There is a fayre and plentifull ſpringe of wa- « ter in the Caftell, and that, and the piece of the “ brooke cominge out of the ditch, did drive a << mille within the Caſtell. « Some think that Heraldus (Harold) began " this Caſtell, after that he had conquered the re- bellion of the Welſhmen, in King Edward the « Confeffour's tyme: fome think that the Lacyes, “ E. of Hereford, were the great makers of it, or the Bohuns, E. of Hereford. It hath beene decayed ſince the Bohun's.tymes « The Caſtell: of Hereford ftandeth on the left fyde. of Wye river, and a little bereath the bridge, and is ſtrongly ditched; where it is not ? defended by the river. • The walles, of it be high- andi ftronge, and « full: of great towers, but now the whole- Caffell (0 ( 28 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF « tendeth towards ruyne. It hath been one of “ the faireft, largeſt, and ſtrongeſt Caſtells in Eng- « land. It hath two wardes, and each of them «s environed with water. There came an arme of a brooke, that runneth through a great piece of " the town dike, and ſo compaſſing halfe the Caf- “, tell, went into Wye; ſoe that with the principal arme of this brooke, and with the arme of it “ goinge through the Caſtell dike, and with the " main ſtreame of Wye river, the whole Caſtell " was environed; but now the arme of the brooke « cometh not through the Caſtell, yet might it « foon be returned thither.” (So far Leland.) It appears probable that the Caſtle was built be- fore Harold's expedition into this country againſt Griffin ; and Hollingſhed, amongſt others, corro- borates the ſuppoſition. We may therefore ima- gine it to have been begun by King Edward the Confeffor, and to have been increaſed and ſtrength- ened by Harold, in order to render it as förmida- ble a barrier as poſſible againſt their Welſh neigh- bours. After the Conqueſt, Fitz-Oſborn, who was Earl of this county, in all probability continued to keep this fortreſs in repair: but little more is mentioned concerning it, until the time of the diſpute between King Stephen and the Empreſs Maud, when I find, that this Caſtle, A. D. 1138, held out a long and vigorous fiege againſt the former, under the THE CITY OF HEREFORD: 29 command of William Talbot. : The beſieging army finding it a difficult enterpriſe, abandoned it, and joined the royal forces in ſome other qịarter. . Miles, ſon of Walter, Conſtable of England, was of' great ſervice to the Empreſs in the defence of the city of Hereford : being a perſon of great influ- ence and riches, he eaſily induced the inhabitants of that city, to take up arms againſt King Stephen; and proved of great aſſiſtance to Maud in her claim to the Crown. For theſe ſervices ſhe created him by her charter (which is yet extant) Earl of Here- ford in 1141, which patent is ſaid by Rapin in his Acta Regia, to be the oldeſt that was ever granted for the creation of an Earl; alſo, as a further re- compence, this Queen gave to Miles or Milo, the Moat of Hereford, and all the Caſtle, likewiſe the third penny of the rent of that borough, and alſo the Pleas of the Crown, together with the Lordſhip of Mawardin (Marden*), Lugwardine, and Wilton, the incloſures of Hereford, &c. But King Stephen making his appearance at the head of a numerous army, A.D. 1141, fortune :: * This pariſh, which produceth excellent cider, is watered by the river Lug. Tlie Church is an ancient fabric; in it was firſt interred King Ethelbert, murdered in the neighbouring pariſh, at the palace of the perfidious Offă. The arms of the martyred King were painted on the weſtern end of the church, as on the ſoutlı lide are the arms of Offa. A late Church-wården, deſirous of deco- rating the church ſo as to be entitled to praiſe, has, with the alliſt- ance af white wath, &c. entirely defaced the above-mentioned arms. 30 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF : 1 once inore changed in his favour; and Miles, with all his partizans, who had taken refuge in the caſtle of Hereford, no longer found ſecurity in that for- treſs, to which the popular opinion had given the name of inexpugnabilis, or impregnable: for ſeeing the King's power daily increaſe, and being cloſely blockaded, without any hopes of relief, they were all obliged to ſurrender at diſcretion. Notwithſtand- ing Miles was pardoned, yet the Sovereign diveſted him of his honour, and he was forced to live in obſcurity till his death, which happened A. D. 1144, being accidentally ſhot by an arrow, whilſt hunting in fome of the woods which lay contiguous to Hereford. On the ſurrender of the place, King Stephen en- tered it with all the pomp and ſplendour annexed to Majeſty; and on Whitſunday fat crowned in the Cathedral, during the performance of divine fer- vice. On his departure (for what reaſon, remains unknown,) he ſet fire to that part of the ſuburbs, which lies to the ſouth of the river Wye, which was foon reduced to a heap of ruins. On the death of King Stephen, Hugh de Mor- timer, being of a haughty ſpirit, oppoſed' Henry the Second, and perſuaded Roger Earl of Here- ford, fon of Miles, to fortify Hereford and Glou- ceſter againſt him, as he did the caſtles of Wig- more, Cleobury, and Brugges (nelgo Bridgenorth.) But Gilbert Foliot, Biſhop of Hereford, a wife and THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 31 learned man, perſuaded the Earl of Hereford, his kinſman, as alſo the inhabitants of Hereford, to fubmit, which had the deſired effect; but Hugh, continuing obſtinate, the King divided his army into three parts, and laying fiege to his three caſtles, obliged him to ſurrender. During the wars between King John and the Barons, Giles de Braos, Biſhop of Hereford, ſon of William de Braos, a great Baron, and an eccle- ſiaſtic of much power and wealth, oppoſed the King, and entered into an alliance with Prince Llewellyn. Mortimer, though ſtrongly ſolicited by them, adhered to John: upon which Llewellyn, with Alen Wyn Alen, Prince of Powys, Maylgan, another potent Welſhman, and the Biſhop of Here: ford, entered his caſtle of Camaron, and utterly demoliſhed it; for which he was afterwards recom- penſed: for Gualo, the Pope's Legate, pronounced excommunication againſt all who had taken any thing from the King and his friends, unleſs they made timely ſatisfaction. A conference was held at Wigmore, and it was then ordered by Stephen, Archbiſhop of Canter- bury, and the other Lords preſent, that the damages ſhould be reimburſed, amounting to 500 marks. As the Biſhop of Hereford ſtill continued to exert himſelf in favour of the rebellious Barons, and was inciting the inhabitants of Hereford to ſupport him in his proceedings, he was by them expelled 32 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF from the city, forced to: abdicate his epiſcopal dig- nity, and quit the realm; but having afterwards made his peace with the King, as he was returning home, he died on his way, at Glouceſter, the 17th of Nov. 1215; leaving a barony which deſcended to him from his anceſtors, with great poffeffions annexed to it, to Reginald de Braos, his bro- ther. This Biſhop lies interred on the north -ſide of the preſbytery of the Chathedral Church of Hereford; the effigies on his tomb bear the like- neſs of a ſteeple, which gives cauſe to believe, that he built one of the towers or ſteeples of the church ; and, it is ſaid, that he erected the beautiful weſt entrance, which fell down the 17th of April (Eaſter Monday) in the year 1786. The feudal ſyſtem was about this period at its height. As the Barons and the Eccleſiaſtics were poffeffed of the greateſt part of the property of the kingdom, their influence in all party matters be- tween the Sovereign and themſelves muſt have been immenſe; and during the turbulent reign of Henry the Third, the inhabitants of this city were embroiled, with the reſt of the kingdom, in the civil commotions of the times. The Earl of Leiceſter, who commanded the troops of the confederate forces in the city of Here ford, excited them to take a part in the Baron's war, and had prevailed upon Llewellyn, a Welſh Prince, to enter into the confederacy. Llewellyn, + THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 33 the inheritor of the hatred of his anceſtors againſt the Engliſh, had for a long time loft no occaſion of plundering and moleſting the inhabitants of the Marches. Sometimes ſucceſsful, at others defeated, never diſcouraged, but always ready to attack, he feldom concluded a peace but in order to enable himſelf to renew the war with greater vigour. He had made fome lucrative incurſions into the Eng- liſh territories during the reign of King John, and had obtained conſiderable plunder from the facking of the towns of Leominſter, Weobley, &c. during the invaſion of William de Braos. Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, at that time ſided with the King; he was godfather to Prince Edward, and had cuſtody of the Marches of Wales: he was called the Good Earl of Hereford, becauſe he ſhewed his zeal for the public welfare on very trying occaſions, not fearing even to op- poſe the King, when he endeavoured to oppreſs his ſubjects with taxes, &c. But his ſucceſſor, Hum- phrey de Bohun, took part with the Barons in all their wars. He had married the daughter of Wil- liam de Braquſe, Lord of. Brecknock, and on that account was upon the moſt intimate terms with Llewellyn. During that unfortunate period, this country ſeems to have ſuffered a continued ſcene of plun- der and devaſtation, particularly the vicinity of Hereford, as being more expoſed to the inroads of + 34 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 1 the belligerent powers. Roger de Mortimer had been nominated by the King, Captain General of all the forces in theſe parts, all the Barons Marchers being commanded to attend him ; and as he was Governor of the caſtle of Hereford (vide clauf. 44. Hen. III.) he accordingly gave orders to deſtroy by all poſſible means the habitations of thoſe who adhered to the league of the rebellious Barons; whilſt the Earl of Leiceſter, with Llewellyn, razed and plundered thoſe of the partizans of the King and of Mortimer. Llewellyn, however, at length got the better (according to Powell's Hiſtory of Wales,) for Roger de Mortimer having, contrary to his oath, as they report, maintained the King's quarrel, had taken from Llewellyn all Builth, the caſtle excepted, which the Prince's men recovered by night without bloodſhed, and therein much ammunition). The year following, Llewellyn took from Roger de Mor- timer the caſtle of Melynythe, and put the garriſon to the ſword: Mortimer, in perſon, made an at- tempt to retake it with all the force he could raiſe, but was ſo cloſely purſued by Llewellyn, that he was conſtrained to ſolicit permiſſion to retreat in ſafety, which the Prince, as he was his king man, granted, Roger de Mortimer retired ſoon after into the the caſtle of Hereford, of which he had been made Governor many years before. This being con- THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 35 trary to his former treaty, the Earl of Leiceſter, with the forces of the Welſh Prince, advanced to lay ſiege to it. Llewellyn was very deſirous to gain poffeſſion of this fortreſs, as, from its great ſtrength, it had always been a barrier to the Welſh frontiers, and a check upon his plundering invaſions.--- Though the place was well ſupplied with men and proviſions, yet the beſieging army was found to be ſo numerous, that it was deemed requiſite, after a few weeks defence, to abandon it, which was fortunately effected in the night, with trifling loſs. On the precipitate retreat of the garriſon, the city and caſtle were taken poſſeſſion of without any reſiſtance. Their chief aim in gaining the place, was to ſecure the perſon of Peter de Aquablanca, Biſhop of Hereford, who had been accuſed of ad- viſing the King to a ſtrange and intolerable kind of exaction, A. D. 1255, which much impo- veriſhed the Clergy of that time. The rebellious Barons arreſted him in his own Cathedral, ſeized his goods, divided his treaſures among the ſoldiers before his face, and kept him, and as many of his Canons as were foreigners, for a long time in pri- ſon in the caſtle of Eardiſey. Walter de Baſker- ville was the chief inſtrument in this tranſaction, for (as may be ſeen in the pedigree of C. Bodenham, of Rotbertas, Eſq.) “he employed Thomas Tur- ço berville to ſeize upon the perſon of the Biſhop 36 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF « in his own church, and to take him to his caf- « tlé of Eardiſley; ſo great was his power.” MS. Lat. They then burnt and reduced the city to aſhes, ſo that the Lords Marchers, as Dugdale ſays, were forced to make a "viſage of rendre,”' or fictitious fubmiffion to the Barons. Soon after, happened the fatal battle of Lewes in Suſſex, in which the King and Prince Edward were made priſoners. Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, being commander of one part of the royal army, Prince Edward was conducted as a priſoner to the caſtle of Hereford, where the Earl of Leiceſter then reſided, by whom he was com- initted to the ſpecial care of Simon de Montfort. But unjuſt uſurpations are ſeldom in the end fuc- ceſsful; which the example of the Earl of Leicef- ter and his party amply verifies. The Earl con-. ducted himſelf in fo' haughty a manner, that his own partizans began to be diſcontented with his deſpotic government, and wiſhed to ſhake it off. The Earl of Glouceſter, who had been his great ſupporter, became jealous of his ambitious pro- ceedings, and, in order to ruin him, reſolved to afſemble his enemies, whom his power had dif perfed. Some of the King's faithful ſervants had fortunately eſcaped from the battle of Lewes; the principal of them, were Roger de Mortimer, James d'Aldithley or Audeley, Roger de Clifford, De Laci, Hugo de Turberville, all Barons of great landed THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 37 poſſeſſions, whoſe caſtles were moſt of them not far diſtant from the city of Hereford. With theſe noblemen, Glouceſter formed a reconciliation; and others having joined them, they undertook to, de- liver Prince Edward' from his confinement, and put him at the head of their party. The project ſeemed by ſo much the eaſier, as, ſince the Prince was removed from Dover Caſtle to Hereford, he was, on account of his former intimacy with Llewellyn, treated with much more lenity than before. He was permitted to go out on horſeback, and to ride in a meadow without the walls of Hereford, During one of theſe ex- curſions, the plan for his eſcape was communi- cated to him by a truſty ſervant of Roger de Laci, owner of the caſtle of Weobley. Roger de Mor- timer had contrived to ſend him a ſwift horſe, with intimation, that he ſhould obtain leave to ride out to a place, called Widemarſh, and as ſoon as he ſaw a perſon, mounted on a white horſe, (who was ſaid to be the Lord of Croft,) at the foot of Tillington Hill, waving his bonnet, he ſhould haften towards him with all ſpeed. The Prince, according to this advice, took his advantage to ride off, and though he was immedi- ately purſued, by means of the fleetneſs of his horſe he efcaped all his purſuers, and being come to the park at Tillington, Roger de Mortimer met him with five hundred men, and chaced back 1 38 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF his enemies to the gates of Hereford, making great flaughter among them. Having thus brought the Prince in ſafety to the caſtle of Wigmore, Mor- timer collected a large body of troops, compoſed chiefly of Welſh, to ſupport his cauſe. This ſtory is differently told by others (Henry Knighton. p. 452, and Dugdale's Bar.), who men- tion that Roger Mortimer, ſeeing his Sovereign in this great diſtreſs, took no reſt, till he contrived fome way to reſcue him, and to that end ſent a ſwift horſe to the Prince, then priſoner with the King in the caſtle of Hereford, for the purpoſe before mentioned; that the Prince, obtaining leave of Montfort to try if the horſe were of uſe for the great faddle, firſt wearied out other horſes, and then got on this (a boy with two ſwords, whom this Roger had fent, being near with another horſe), and ſo turning himſelf to Robert de Ros, then his keeper, and other byeftanders, faid, I bave been in your cuſtody for a time, but now I bid you farewell, and fo rode away; adding, that this Roger, with his banner diſplayed, received him at a hill called Dunomour (Dinmore,) and ſo conveyed him to Wigmore. At the battle of Eveſham, this Roger de Mor- timer, Governor of Hereford, commanded the third part of the Prince's army, and aſſaulted the enemy in the rear, whilſt the Prince and the Earl of Glouceſter attacked them on both ſides. For THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 39 theſe ſervices, on the 27th of October following, he was rewarded with a grant of the whole Earl- dom and honour of Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford, forfeited for rebellion. Dugdale, p. 181, mentions that Humphrey de Bohun, ſen. was taken in the battle of Eveſham, fighting for the Barons: yet Leland, Collect. .p. 458, vol. ii. ſays, that Hum- frede de Boun, Count de Hereford, was taken at Le- wes with King Henry the Third, but that Boun the younger, was taken priſoner at the battle of Eveſham; which Dugdale alſo ſays. The latter part of the unfortunate reign of Ed- ward the Second, preſents us with ſomething con- cerning this city. The Queen, Prince Edward, and the principal Barons, met in Hereford, to concert meaſures for the good of the ſtate; and having called together the great Council of the realm, they declared the Prince, afterwards King Edward the Third, Protector of the kingdom; al- though his father, King Edward the Second, was then alive. The Queen, on her entrance into the city, was welcomed with joyful acclamations; and, in the infolence of triumph, very unworthy of her fex and ſtation, ſhe obliged the unfortunate Spencer, the King's favourite, to attend her.progreſs. He was ſet upon a lean, deformed horſe, cloathed in a tabaree, (the dreſs, in thoſe days, of thieves and the loweſt men,) and thus, amidſt the clamours and revilings 40 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 1 of the populace, with trumpets founding before him, was led through the principal ſtreets of the city. Soon after this, without any form of law, he was conducted in a cart without Friar's Gate at Hereford, and hung on a lofty gibbet fifty feet ligh. An order after this was left for the execu- tion of the Earl of Arundel, Sir Simon de Read- ing, John Daniel, and Thomas de Michaeldure; which accordingly took place four days after. Concerning Spencer's death, a celebrated writer in the Harleian Collection, makes the following aniinadverſions. “Certainly tliis man was infinitely “ tyrannical and vicious, deſerving more than could “ be laid upon him; yet it had been much more " to the Qucen's reputation and honour, if ſhe had given him a fair and legal trial by his peers, according to that ancient and laudable cuſtom “ of England, wherein by his death he might have given both the law and his adverſaries å full “ ſatisfaction. It is certainly, give it what other “ title you will, an argument of a wonderous baſe “ diſpoſition, to inſult or to tyrannize over thoſe poor ruins, which fortune hath thrown into our power; a noble pity is the argument of an ho- « nourable and ſweet diſpoſition, and the life of man is great enough to expiate all offences. “ To ſatisfy our paſſions with the bittereſt ex- “ tremity of our power, may juſtly be ſtiled rather à favage and barbarous cruelty, than true and cs THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 41 perfect juſtice. No queſtion, it was a pleaſing ſight to all the wronged ſubjects, to ſee ſuch a leprous monſter, fo monſtrouſly uſed: but when " the heat of blood was paſſed, and men had re- “ collected their ſenſes, it then appeared to be too great a blemiſh to a Queen, a woman, and a « victor." During a long ſeries of ſucceeding years, all hiſtorical records are filent as to any particular oc- currence relating to this city. Hiſtory, indeed, in general, is but too much the narrative of the mi- ſeries of mankind; we may, therefore, ſuppoſe this long lapſe of time to have been a period of peace and happineſs to its induſtrious inhabitants. But during the great rebellion in the reign of Charles the Firſt, when the whole nation was convulſed by the fatal effects of anarchy and confuſion, it is na- tural to imagine, that fo large a city as Hereford, ſtrong by its fortifications, powerful by the number of its inhabitants, and opulent by its riches, could not long eſcape the calamities of war: It accord- ingly ſhared in the general wretchedneſs of the kingdom, and we conſtantly find the two contend- ing parties anxious in their attempts to gain poffer- fion of it. The firſt time the parliamentary forces endea- voured to make themſelves mafters of it, was after Lord Herbert's defeat by Sir William Waller in « The fame of this prodigious victory fo 1643. D 1 42 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF “ ſubdued all theſe parts,” ſays Lord Clarendon, " that Sir William, with the ſame ſpirit of celerity, « and attended with the fame ſucceſs, flew to « Hereford, and though a walled town, and re- “ pleniſhed with a garriſon, had it likewiſe deli- « vered up to him.' Sir William Waller's ſcheme of expedition did not permit him to retain poſſeſſion of the place for any conſiderable ſpace of time: for being puſhed hard by Prince Maurice, it appears, that he , foon - after abandoned it; yet not without having, in a clandeſtine manner, left therein ſundry adherents, who might be ſerviceable to him in any future attempt upon the place. He from thence paſſed on to Tewkeſbury, which he likewiſe ſurprized; uſing ſuch expedition in his progreſs, that notwith- ſtanding the Prince purſued him with indefatiga- ble attention, he could never engage him but in trifling ſkirmiſhes. Part of the royal forces ſtationed themſelves in Hereford; and Prince Rupert was ſent into theſe parts by the King with a ſtrong force, to endea- vour to check the enterpriſing ſchemes of the ene- my. The Prince, having accordingly placed a ſtrong guard in the city, went in purſuit of the parliamentary army. Still Sir William Walier had not given up all idea of repofſeffing himſelf of Hereford, which he knew would ſerve as a convenient rendezvous for THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 43 (C CC his ſcattered parties. As he had been hitherto fuc- ceſsful in almoſt all his attempts in this part of the kingdom, ſo he was not leſs fortunate in his ſecond deſign to take Hereford: “ He came before Hereford,” ſays Lord Clarendon, "a town very - well affected, and reaſonably well fortified, hav- ing a ſtrong ſtone wall about it and ſome can- non, there being in it ſome ſoldiers of good re- putation, and many gentlemen of honour and quality, with three or four hundred ſoldiers, “ beſides the inhabitants well armed; yet without « the loſs of one man on either ſide, to the ad- « miration of all who then heard it, or ever ſince “ heard of it, he perſuaded them fairly to give up “ the town, and yield themſelves priſoners upon “ quarter ; which they did, and were preſently “ ſent by him for their better ſecurity to Briſtol.” How long the parliamentary forces continued here, I have not been able to find; yet, in 1644, the royaliſts had again poffeffion of it. Though this city had (as we have juſt ſeen) been twice taken, without ſuffering the difficulties to which a captured town is generally ſubject; yet it was at length doomed to undergo, for the cauſe of its Sovereign, the evils of a long ſiege, with all its attending calamities. Anno 1645, the Scots fat down before it, under the command of Lord Leven, and having erected numerous batteries, began to cannonade it in a terrible manner; their 1 44 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 1 guns on the ſouth ſide of the river Wye, played upon the Caſtle, Cathedral, Palace and Chapter- houſe, the latter of which, a noble and elegant ſtructure, was almoſt entirely deſtroyed. The beſieged had only eleven pieces of cannon, which being moſtly in the caſtle, were of little or no uſe for the defence of the city. They were, however, well ſupplied with all ſorts of ſmall arms and plenty of ammunition, ſo that the enemy found it a difficult undertaking. On the 15th of Auguſt following, they ſent a ſummons by a drum to the Governor, Sir Barnabas Scudamore, deſiring him to ſurrender the place; but he ſent them a deter- mined anſwer---" That the command of the city was entruſted to him by his King, and to him « alone would he deliver it up.” It appears that the Scots attempted, at ſundry times, to take it by ſtorm; but being baffled in their deſigns, and having loſt the Aower of their army, they reſolved to change the ſiege into a blockade. Sir Barnabas was much aſliſted in his critical ſituation by the courage and abilities of Mr. James Read, A. M. Philip Trahern (who lies buried in the Cathedral Church,) and Mr. Ed- ward King, one of the Magiſtrates of the city. By their advice, he ſent out of the walls ſome truſty ſervants, who, under pretence of deſerting to the Scots army, repreſented the garriſon as ready to ſtarve for want of neceſſary proviſions. This was + THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 45 quite the reverſe of the truth, for the beſieged did not labour under any inconvenience, except that of grinding their corn, as their mills, which were moſtly out of the city walls, had been deſtroyed by the enemy. This was ſoon remedied by the ingenuity and contrivance of John Abel, the moſt ſkilful mecha- nic of his time, and who is ſaid to have erected the Town-hall at. Hereford; certain mills were built by him under the caſtle, which proved of great uſe to the garriſon, and for which he was afterwards honoured by King Charles the Firſt, with the title of one of his Majeſty's Carpenters. The Scots, on their raiſing the ſiege, had pitched their tents about a quarter of a mile ſouth-eaſt of the city, in ſome common fields, now called Balom or Bartonſam Meadows, where ſeveral remains of their entrenchments are yet viſible. Pieces of ſwords, gun-locks, &c. are oftentimes picked up there, by thoſe who till the ground. In this ſituation they waited, till ſome lucky opportunity might occur of ſurpriſing the place. This fortune foon after provided for them; and what the force of a whole army could not execute, the ſkill and ingenuity of Colonel Birch eafily ef- fected, in the following manner. Sir Barnabas Scudamore, the indefatigable Governor, finding great, part of the fortifications, of the caſtle and city much damaged, and not having a fufficient. 46 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF number of hands, both to work at and defend the place, iſſued out warrants for the country people to come and labour in the town. Some of theſe warrants being intercepted by the Scots, were ſent to Colonel Birch, who was then at Glouceſter, A ftratagem immediately occurred to him, and, ſetting out, accompanied by Colonel Morgan, with about two thouſand horſe and foot, he went from Glou- ceſter to Hereford in one night. On his arrival before the city, he ſelected a number of fine luſty men, and clothed them as country labourers; he then appointed one to act as conſtable with a warrant, to take theſe men to work according to the Governor's orders. - One hundred and fifty muſqueteers were put, during the night; in ambuſcade in a ſmall coppice, near the city walls, and another larger body to aſſiſt them. The conſtable, and the ſuppoſed countrymen, be- ing come to the gates, and having ſpecified who they were, the draw-bridge was let down, and the gate opened for them. “Being come neare to " the gate, they called upon John Wilder to drop " the bridge, and open it; the ſaid John beinge a « truſty man, had fuperintendance of that porte, " and was anſwerable for his right conduct in the « ſame.” (Vet. MS.) On entering, the conſtable and his men began to abuſe the guard for their delay, and for not having been more expeditious in opening the gates to perſons on whom the ſafety THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 47 of the city depended: preſently after, taking oc- caſion to pick a quarrel with them, they ſtabbed two, and ſhot another. On the report of the gun, the muſqueteers-un- der the command of Colonel Birch, who lay in am- buſh, caine up, and, laſtly, Colonel Morgan with the whole army, who; after a ſhort ſkirmiſh, maf- tered the ſurpriſed garriſon, without much loſs on either ſide. All the cannon, arms, and ammuni- tion, became the prey of the conquerors. Among the priſoners were many perſons of great note, as the Lord Brudenell and Judge Jenkins, 14 Knights, 3 Captains, 4 Lieutenants, and above one hundred other officers and gentlemen. Hereford being thus taken by the parliamentary army, ſuffered very much in having its churches, and moſt other public places, defaced and plun- dered. The Cathedral is ſaid to have been greatly injured, the monuments of the biſhops obliterated, and nearly two hundred very curious: braſs plates torn off the grave-ſtones, and applied to ſome other uſes by the captors. The Librany was alſo ftripped of many manuſcripts, and other very valu- able books, moſt of which were preſerved by. Silas Taylor, a captain in the parliamentary army, and a great lover of antiquities. The following anecdote is inſerted in the Biog: Britan. At the taking of Hereford by the par- liamentary army, Herbert Croft, Dean of Here- 5 48 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF ford, (afterwards Biſhop,) fell into the hands of the rebels; and though a priſoner upon parole, he took every opportunity of reprobating the conduct of the Parliament, and their army, from the pulpit. Once in particular, at the Cathedral, he bore ſo hard upon the feelings of the common ſoldiers, by ſhew- ing them the heinous nature of rebellion, facrilege, &c. that they all inſtantly charged, levelled their muſkets at him in the pulpit, and were with great difficulty reſtrained by Colonel Birch' from firing at him. As a reward for the bravery and fidelity of the inhabitants during this ſiege, a new Charter was granted to the city after the Reſtoration, by which their power and privileges were very conſiderably en- creaſed. Hereford had formerly borne for its arms, gules, three Lions paſſent gardant argent; but, in re- ſpect of its loyalty, was rewarded by Charles II. in the twenty-firſt year of his reign, by grant- ing them an augmentation of arms by patent un- der the hand and feal of Sir Edward Walker, Knight, Garter Principal King at Arms, dated the 16th day of September, 1645; as may be ſeen more fully in the following patent: “ To all and ſingular unto whom theſe preſents rc hall come. Sir Edward Walker, Knight, Gar- “ ter Principal King at Arms of Engliſhmen, ſend- ec eth greeting: Whereas it is moſt agreeable to juſtice and reaſon, that thoſe perſons, families, THE CITY OF HEREFORD.. 49 1 (C or cities, that have excelled in wiſdom, fidelity, - and eminent ſervice to their Prince and country « in the time of peace, or in courage and magna- nimity in the time of war, ſhould have due “ rewards for ſuch their worthy and valiant ac- “ tions; among which, as the multitude of barba- « rous rebels and their many and traiterous practices « againſt his Majeſty's facred perſon, the religion, “ laws, and liberties of his Majeſty's kingdoms, “ have exceeded the example of former ages, and « hath thereby rendered the duty, courage, and loyalty of thoſe who have valiantly and faithfully " adhered to his Majeſty the more perſpicuous " and deſerving eſteem, ſo there hath not any city, “ ſince the beginning of this unnatural rebellion, expreſſed greater fidelity and courage than the city of Hereford, in continuing their allegiance, « and reſiſting the many attempts of the rebels; “ but the greatneſs of their loyalty, courage, and « undaunted reſolution, did then moſt eminently appear, when, being ſtrictly beſieged for the ſpace of five weeks by a powerful army of re- « bellious Scots, and having little hopes of re- lief, they joined with the garriſon, and, doing duty as foldiers, defended themſelves, and re- pelled their fury and affaults with ſuch ſingular « conſtancy and reſolution, and with ſo great de- “ ftruction of the beſiegers, as that they are tủereby. as become the wonder of their neighbouring gar- (C SC CC - 50 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF: pleaſed to return, and take the government of this kingdom into his hands. This Walter, by Eliza- beth Knyghtley his wife, had iffue five ſons---Efex Devereux, who died without iſſue in his father's lifetime; Leyceſter, Walter, Edward, and John. Departing this life, he was buried at Ipſwich, in Suffolk: to him, in the honour of Viſcount Here- ford, ſucceeded, LeYcester DEVEREUX, his ſecond ſon, who firſt married the daughter and heir of Sir William Withipole, Knight, by whom he had large poffef- ſions, and only one daughter; ſecondly, he married Priſcilla by whom he had iſſue Leyceſter Devereux, his ſon and heir, who dying in 1682 without iſſue, his brother EDWARD Devereux became Viſcount Hereford, and he dying without iſſue, the title paſſed to a collateral branch, viz. TO PRICE DEVEREUX, of Vaynor, in the county of Montgomery, Efq. who, by marrying the only remaining heireſs of the family of the Price's, of Vaynor, on coming to poffeffion of the eſtate, aſſumed the name of Price. His ſon and heir, Price Devereux, dying without iſſue, the honour was again transferred to another branch of the family, namely, to EDWARD DEVEREUX, ſon of Arthur Devereux, of Nantcribba, in Montgomeryſhire, Eſq. who, having proved his deſcent from Walter Viſcount THE CITY OF HEREFORD... 175 Hereford, who died in 1588, took his ſeat in the Houſe of Peers, April 3, 1750. The Right Honourable EDWARD DEVEREUX ſucceeded Edward his father, Auguſt 21, 1760. He married Miſs Keig, one of the Maids of Ho- hour to her preſent Majeſty, by whom he had no iſſue, and was ſucceeded by his only brother GEORGE, the preſent Lord Viſcount Hereford. Titles---The Right Honourable Edward De- vereux, Viſcount Hereford and Baronet, Premier Viſcount of England. Creations---Viſcount by Letters Patent Feb. 2, 1549, 4th of Edward VI.; Baronet, Nov. 25, 1612, the roth of James I. Arms---Argent, a fefs gules, in chief three torteaux. Creſt---In a Ducal Coronet or, a Talbot's head argent, eared gules. Supporters---On the dexter fide, a Talbot argent, eared gules, with a Ducal Coronet of the ſecond. On the finiſter, a Rein Deer of the laſt, attired, gorged with a Ducal Coronet, and chained or. Motto---Basis VIRTUTUM CONSTANTIA. Chief Seats---Nantcribba, in Montgomeryſhire; Tregoyd, in Breconſhire; and Brownſlade, in Pem- brokeſhire. Town Reſidence --- Chandos-ſtreet, Cavendiſh- ſquare. 176 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE RIVER WYE, AND THE NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL BEAUTIES CONTIGUOUS TO ITS BANKS, FROM BROBERY TO WILTON. AS S the Wye proves ſo highly ornamental to the city of Hereford and its vicinity, and fo deſirable and diſtinguiſhed an object to all travellers, it will certainly be deemed proper to ſay ſomething concerning this celebrated river. Mr. Gilpin, in his excurſion down part of it, in 1770, has favoured the public with fo accurate an account of its ini- mitable beauties, that little can be ſaid on the general grandeur of the ſcenery, after fo admirable a comparer of the pictureſque: it is, however, deemed proper to obſerve here, that thoſe parts of this river which were omitted by that gentleman, though more ornamented with artificial beauties, are not by any means deficient in natural landſcape. The Wye, indeed, for its rich ſcenery---of rock, wood, and water---has been generally allowed by 1 Broberg 6 E alongs A Capler Moccris A Momington LadyLift Preſton be Tibberton Byford A. Garnons Foxley Pridge Sollers Bu Marsh The Ware Cannon Bridge Ariconicim o Credenhill Sugwas Campo ws de Breinton Belmont Warebam *Hereford from vineyard Brobery to Wilton : ALongwortho Rotheras M Holm millon A Mordiford Holm (. Ch. Harewood 4. Fownhope Cradoc 17 Camp o caple ourse White Crofs of the River Wye Dinederlamp araberas Sufton Stoke Armstone Kings Selleck the Cocopie o Fawley Ashiy How Caple Als Foy Wilton Caftle Brampton Abbots the Rofs Scale of 5 Miles. 1.1 lit. CUTIA11:1111111 70mm i 2 MILTI11.11.11 11111:11'durti 4, 5 THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 177 travellers, and perſons of diſtinguiſhed taſte, to be equal, if not ſuperior, to any ſtream in this king- dom, and perhaps in Europe; for, from its foun- tain head to its junction with the Severn, the ſhores of this river preſent a regular continuance of views exceedingly magnificent, or, as the late Mr. Gray ſays, in a fort of poetical rapture, “a ſucceſſion of endleſs beauties." It ſhall, therefore, be our preſent plan, to com- mence with the Wye, foon after it enters this county, and continue down its courſe, as far below Hereford, as may be included in an extenſive appel- lation of the neighbourhood of that city; a fervile adherence will not, however, be obſerved to the current of that ſtream, but deviations will be made, in order to inſpect thoſe places, where art, im- proved by a judicious taſte, has attempted to in- creaſe the natural beauties of the country adjacent to this river. The vicinity of Hereford is remark- able for the variety of the feats of the nobility and gentry.; and, as moſt of them are contiguous to the banks of the Wye, it may not, perhaps, be deemed inconſiſtent with our preſent purpoſe, to give a conciſe deſcription of the chief of them. For, beſides the intimate connection that may be ſaid to fubfift betwixt many of the families and the city of Hereford, and the relative hiſtorical facts it may preſent to the reader, it may enable the compiler to point out to the lover of modern improvement 178 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 1 as well as of antiquarian reſearch, various ſources both of pleaſure and information. The river Wye, which derives its name from the Britiſh Gwye, and its Latin Vaga, from its winding, and the beautiful irregularity of its courſe, has its ſource in Plinlimmon, a lofty mountain in North Wales, within five hundred yards of which, the Severn alſo takes its origin. Rolling along from thence with a rapid courſe through Radnorſhire, it paſſes by Builth and the Hay, enlivening in vari- mous parts ſeveral charming ſcenes: leaving Radnor- fhire at Rhydſpence, two miles lower, it glides near to the ſcite of Bredwardine Caſtle, from whence it arrives at the point where we purpoſe to receive it, about eleven miles to the weſt of the city of Hereford. The celebrated Murbridge Hill and Brobery's Scar, are the firſt fine. objects which expoſe them- felves to our obſervation, the principal beauty of which conſiſts in the bold roughneſs of the ſcenery, for " No gaudy landſcape here invites the eye, 6 Where ev'ry charm muſt necds by meaſure lie;"> but the lover of the rural and pictureſque will be entertained with every circumſtance of beauty, which he can expect from diverſified rature. The northern bank riſes up to a conſiderable height, forming a noble and abrupt ſcreen; beneath it, the various, and, apparently, wanton meanderings of 1 THE CITY OF HERËFORD. 179 1 the Wye, form a pleaſing variety, and, as ſeen from ſome ſelect points, are in the higheſt degree romantic and enchanting. From hence, gliding down the current of the river, which in this part forms a deep and majeſtic ſtream, we paſs through a fine fertile country, here and there interſperſed with different pleaſing ob- jects, and at about the diſtance of a mile, we come to MOCCAS, The elegant ſeat of Sir George Cornewall, Bart. placed in a moſt delightful ſituation on the ſouth- ern bank of the river, and is the firſt feat of.con- fequence occurring to our notice, which derives its chief beauty from lying contiguous to the banks of the Wye---In Doomſday, I ſuppoſe this place to be meant by Moches, which is there faid to be part of the poſſeſſions of the church of St. Guthlack, in the city of Hereford. The family of the Frenes, owners of this place, had alſo the townſhip of Sutton St. Michael; but in moſt old deeds called Sutton Frene, from the above-mentioned family. I after- wards find this townſhip in the family of the Vaughans of Bredwardine; the only remaining heireſs of that ancient family, which was deſcended from the celebrated David Gam, Standard Bearer to the Conqueror, was married to one of the Cornewalls, of Berrington, who, by that connection, came into 180 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF poffeſfion of the ample eſtates in the vicinity of Moccas. Theſe Cornewalls are deſcended from Richard de Cornewall, one of the natural fons of Richard, King of the Romans. Their pedigree tells us, that Sir Geoffery Cornewall, of this family, having taken the Duke of Bretagne priſoner, had the arms of that Duke given to him, viz. a field ermine; ſo that, as they before bore argent, a lion rampant gules, crowned or, within a bordure engrailed, bezantee feble, the field argent was turned into er- mine: but the Cornewalls, of Berrington, conti- nued the field argent. Velters Cornewall, Eſq. who was Member for the county of Hereford in ſeven ſucceſſive Parliaments, left one daughter, mar- ried to 'Sir George Amyand, who took the name of Cornewall, and is the preſent repreſentative in parliament for the county of Hereford. The ancient reſidence of this family was at a ſmall diſtance below the ſcite of the preſent, and part of the materials uſed in the erection of it were brought from the ruins of Bredwardine Caſtle. The ſituation of the preſent elegant manſion is highly pleaſing, placed in a verdant and luxuriant vale, on an eaſy aſcent near the banks of the Wye, which, 56 Clear and artleſs pouring through the plain," adds much to the rich ſcenery of the place. To the fouth of it, is a large park, finely wooded; part of it, on an aſcent, in ſome places gradual, in others THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 181 ſteep, the ſummit of which is remarkable for the variety and extent of its proſpects. Towards the north and eaſt, are the oppoſite hills partly covered with thick woods, and in the intervening valley be- neath runs the Wye: to this ſcene the ſouthern pro- ſpect of the Black Mountain, and other bleak objects, preſent a remarkable contraſt.---A view of this feat, fhewing its ſituation from the north ſide of the river, has been engraved by Mr. Angus, from a drawing of Mr. J. Wathen.---From hence, continuing down the ſtream by Monington, the ancient ſeat of the Capels, and following the river in a fine curve, which it forms near Preſton, about a mile and a half on the fouth ſide of the river, is TIBBERTON, The charming ſeat of the ancient family of the Brydges. The houſe has within theſe late years been much modernized, contains ſome good pictures, and a noble and well-felected library. The grounds adjacent were highly improved by the late worthy poffeffor, W. F. T. Brydges, Eſq. Returning to the Wye, and failing, for ſome ſhort ſpace of time, down its clear and majeſtic current, Byford ſoon after preſents itſelf on the northern bank. Though this ſhort paſſage down the Wye from Moccas does not preſent any particular object, claiming in a high degree the attention of the pictureſque tra- veller, yet many pleaſing rural views are here and 182 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF there expoſed, and invite examination; for it is a beauty peculiar to this river, never to glut the eye with a tedious ſimilarity of ſubject, but by perpe- tually varying its courſe, and preſenting different ſcenes in a multiplicity of ways, fome gratification is always derived from the conſtant novelty it affords. At the diſtance of near a mile from the pleaſant village of Byford, is GARNONS, The ſeat of Major Cotterel. It is finely ſituate in a ſouthern aſpect on the ſide of Biſhopſtone Hill, and the plantations of the preſent gentleman, and his father, add much to the beauty of the ſpot. The views from the houſe are various and exten- ſive, and ſhow many meanderings of the Wye. At this place, we muſt beg permiſſion to deviate for a while from the courſe of our favourite river, and ſeek for beauty where ſhe is eminently con- ſpicuous. Verging, therefore, towards the north about a mile and a half, we enter the enchanting grounds of FOXLEY, The light of which will amply repay the fond ad- mirer of natural landſcape, for ſo ſhort a digreſſion. This is the deſirable feat of Uvedale Price, Eſq. well known in the literary world as the author of An Eſay on the Pietureſque. It appears to have been a place of ſome antiquity, and formerly be- THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 183 longed as a manor to the Abbey of Lanthony. Sir James Rodd, Knight, who was High Sheriff for the county of Hereford, 21ſt James I. was poſſeſſed of this place, where, Blount ſays, his ſon Robert Rodd, Eſq. alſo Sheriff for the county, had a neat manſion-houſe. This Rodd had three daughters, and bore for his arms, argent, a chief, two trefoils Nipped ſable. Judge Price married the only remaining heireſs of this family, and came into poffeffion of this noble eſtate. His deſcendant is the preſent worthy inheritor. The beautiful woods which ſurround this man- fion, were chiefly planted by the late Mr. Price, but, within theſe few years, have been improved in a very eminént manner by the preſent poffeffor, who, to a conſpicuous knowledge of the liberal arts, adds a ſuperior judgment in the real beau- ties of natural landſcape. The grounds and plan- tations are laid out with great taſte, and are very extenſive. A charming ride of nearly two miles, through a wood of fine young oak and aſh, leads to the point of the celebrated Lady-Lift, where the view opens in an exquiſite manner, and is de- ſervedly admired by all perſons who viſit it, as one of the fineſt ſcenes of the grand and extenſive kind: “ Oh Nature how ſupreme! O Queen of hills, Enchanting LADY.Lift! thy beauteous form, « Art ne'er with her infipid velt hath veil d. “ No foreign plumage decks thy full-crown'd head, • No artificial flow'rs, the ſickly growth . 184 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT ON 5. Of the trim garden, wither on thy breaſt, " But the freſh violct, and the harebell blue, " And ſimple daiſy, feel its cheriſhing warmth, “ And there delight to blow. Thy rich attire 6. Is wove in Nature's loom; the ſpreading arnis « Of the bold children of the foreſt, deck “ Its waving ſides; the lordly, dark green oak, “ The high aſpiring afh, thc glofly beech, rs And yellow cheſnut, ſpanglid with its fruits, « In pleaſing harmony combine their fades, " Which, gilded by the ſun, a lovelier gold " Diſplay, than ever yet, with all the toil “ Of art and riches, deck'd an Eaſtern Queen.” Returning through the woody vale, an agreeable contraſt preſents itſelf---Credenhill Camp aſcends in front, and the fine woods forming a ſcreen on each ſide, riſe in great majeſty, and are beautifully rude: « The negligence of Nature, wide, and wild; " Where, undiſguis’d by mimic art, ſhe ſpreads « Unbounded beauty to the roving eye.” The houſe is pleaſantly ſituate, and contains many apartments elegantly fitted up and furniſhed. The pictures are numerous, and evidently ſhew the great judgement of the collectors; ſeveral of them were ſelected by Mr. Price's father, to which the preſent gentleman has added many valuable original pieces; for ſome of the firſt and moſt admired productions of the celebrated ſchools of painting are here to be ſeen, among which thoſe deſervedly conſpicuous are from the following diſtinguiſhed maſters---Rubens, Claude Lorraine, Pouſin, Salya- tor, Rembrandt, &c. THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 185 Leaving this pleaſant reſidence, and advancing towards the ſouth by Manſel Lacy, nearly adjoin- ing Brinſop Court, formerly the ſeat of the ancient family of the Danſeys, the view is ſuddenly in- terrupted, by a high woody mountain of ſteep aſcent, called Credenhill, which is crowned with a vaſt camp, and comprehends near thirty acres, with almoſt inacceſſible works, fortified with an inner as well as an outer ditch. It ſeems a Britiſh camp, being of too irregular a form to be Roman, , and to have been ſtrengthened in ſucceeding ages, as it may have been a defence to Kencheſter, and in- cluded under one common name with it. It has been called by many writers Magna Caſtra, and ſo indeed ſuch a large extent of ground, regularly defended, deſerves to be called; others have conjectured that it was firſt poſſeſſed by the Romans, and the inner- moſt ditch without a vallum, might have been after- wards added by the Britons, Saxons and Danes. Be this as it may, it proves a difficult matter, after ſo long a lapſe of time, to inveſtigate the certainty; it may therefore be ſimply mentioned, that this was the exploratory camp, and Kencheſter, contiguous to it, the provincial city. The ſummit of Credenhill is remarkable for one of the moſt extenſive proſpects in the county of Hereford, but there is one circumſtance which renders it ſtill more famous: it was the ſtation, on which the valiant Caractacus was encamped, when N 186 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF the Britons under his command, though deſerted by the greateſt part of the ſurrounding provinces, and by no means equal either in number or diſcipline to the enemy, were reſolved to make a bold effort for their expiring liberties. Concerning the final battle between Oftorius, and the Britiſh chief, it has been the opinion of many, that that ſignal engagement took place on the plains extending from Credenhill to the banks of the Wye, and not near Leintwardine, or Caer Caradoc Hill, in the county of Salop, as mentioned by many modern writers. Tacitus deſcribes the place in words which ſeem to corroborate the ſuppoſition. “ Caractacus,” ſays he, “choſe a place every way « incommodious to the Roman army, every way « favourable to his own. The place, where he «encamped, was the ridge of a mountain exceed- « ingly ſteep, and, where its fides were approachable, “ he raiſed large ſtones by way of a wall or ram- part. At the foot of the mountain flowed a river dangerous to be forded, and a hoſt of men guard- « ed his entrenchments." From this deſcription, and the general view of the country, it ſeems at leaſt probable, that the Romans were ſtationed in Eaton Camp, which lies clofe to the ſouthern bank of the Wye, and that the Britons had pitched their tents on the ſummit of Credenhill, about a mile and a half to the north; beſides, it is natural to imagine, that the latter would endeavour to fe- 1 THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 187 cure Kencheſter, which, at that period, muſt have been the chief town in theſe parts: as to the river mentioned, it muſt doubtleſs bễ the Wye; the Temė, and the Clún near Leintwardihe, or the rivulet which runs near Caer Caradoc Hill, cannot come under the deſcription' of rivers “ dangerous tó be forded,” which this certainly was, for, according to the ſequel of the account in Tacitůs; the Romans fuffered a dtéadful Naughter in the dangerous paf- ſage. We may therefore conclude, till better authority aſſerts the contrary, that this deciſive ſtruggle of the Britons was fought on the banks of the Wyé. Caractacus, with the reinains of his army, retreated from hill to hill towards the north, until he met with that fate which often falls to the lot of unfortunate chiefs, being treacherouſly delivered up to the conquerors by Cartiſmandúa, Queen of the Brigántes, to whoſe good faith and protection he had truſted himſelf. His noble and intrepid conduct at Rome before the Emperor Cláudius, is well known, and reflects a greát lúſtrë upoñ the commencement of our Britiſh annals, note părti- cularly at á period when this country was juſt emerging from ignorance and barbarity. Continuing from hence towards the ſouth weſt, through a fine country, and paſſing near the ſcite of Kencheſter, the ſmall but elegánt houſe of 188 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF CANNON BRIDGE, Expoſes itſelf on the ſouthern ſide of the river. The ſituation of it for a ſummer reſidence is very de- ſirable, it being placed on a beautiful terrace near the banks of the Wye, and, as ſeen from ſome ſelect points of view, appears almoſt emboſomed with trees. At this place the river begins to form a beautiful peninſula, and as we glide down the current to the extreme point of it, the NEW WEIR Preſents itſelf on the northern bank. The ſituation of this feat is on a ſteep woody aſcent, four miles weſt from Hereford, and commands ſome fine views up and down the river. The houſe has been conſiderably enlarged and improved by its preſent poffeffor, William Parry, Eſq. who has extended the walks and plantations, and added much to its great natural beauties. Here the Wye, with its uſual peculiarity, winds its courſe in a number of beautiful curves, and, by its various turnings, reminds us of the celebrated meander, “ Toties qui terris errat in iiſdem « Qui lapſas in fe fæpe retorquet aquas." This ſerpentine direction is here remarkably pleaſing, and, by conſtantly varying the point of view, renders objects, oftentimes trifling in themſelves, 1 189 THE CITY OF HEREFORD. highly agreeable and pictureſque, when ſeen in ſe- veral favourite aſpects. At a ſmall diſtance below, on the oppoſite ſide of the Wye, is -- LOWER EATON, The pleaſant ſeat of the Rev. Mr. Phillips, which has near it ſome beautiful plantations, and charm- ing pleaſure ground; half a mile lower down, is a large Britiſh camp, incloſing an extent of between thirty and forty acres. It is fortified with ſingle works, except towards the ſouth-weſt point, and appears to have been only a temporary ſtation. Nearly oppoſite to Lower Eaton, is Sugwas, where was a palace and chapel, uſed by the Biſhops of Hereford. It was the favourite reſidence of St. Thomas Cantilupe, and was laſt inhabited by Biſhop Ironſides. The palace has been long converted into a farm-houſe, and the chapel (a view of which has been publiſhed) was taken down in 1792, and a handſome dwelling erected on the ſpot. The banks of the river, cloathed in ſome places with the richeſt verdure --the contiguous woods and hills, finely blended with manſions and cottages, with cattle here and there to enliven the general ſcene---are from the water true objects of landſcape, rendered much more agreeable by being ſo often varied; fo luxuriant indeed are the different views from this river, that they oftentimes crowd the fight with a multiplicity of objects, and, whilft deſcending 190 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF the current, relieve each other in ſo rapid a ſuc- ceſſion, thạt thę įmagination often remains con- fuſed, not knowing where to fix itſelf with the greateſt delight. This various and intereſting ſcenery continues till we arrive at the manſion- houſe of BELMONT. This beautiful and pictureſque place is the ſeat of J. Matthews, Eſq. M. D. Its ſituation is de- lightful, being placed on a fine aſcent, cloſe to the banks of the Wye, which in this part glides by with a broad and pleaſing ſtream, forming a moſt delightful ſweep. Nature ſeems to have been in a high degree favourable to this ſpot, and where ſhe was found deficient, art, conducted by the trueſt taſte, has ſucceeded in the attempt to embelliſh it. The views up and down the river are particularly rich and beautiful. The proſpect towards the north-weſt, includes Dr. Symonds's elegant villa, with the little pictureſque object of Breinton church, cloſe to the northern banks of the river, which meanders in a moſt agreeable manner beneath; be- yond, are the celebrated Credenhill Camp, Biſhop- fton Hill, Foxley woods, Lady-Lift, and the Rad- norſhire hills. From the grotto, looking towards the eaſt, a.charming view of the Wye preſents itſelf, including the city of Hereford, and terminated by Stoke Park and the Malvern Hills. The oppoſite } THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 191 1 1 woods of Breinton and Wareham, with tlie favou- rite ſpot of Broomy Hill, are alſo fine objects, and add much to the agreeable ſcene from Belmont. When the different plantations havė attained å greater degree of perfection, the variety of land- ſcape ſcenery here, will prove a great addition to the banks of this celebrated river. The houſe is an elegant ſtructure of Bath ſtone, the foundation of which was laid in the year 1788, and built from a deſign by Mr. Wyatt. The interior is fitted up with great taſte and elegance, and contains fome valuable pictures. The river at this place ſeems to forget its uſual rapidity, and forming itſelf into a deep and ma- jeſtic body, glides with a placid ſtream, through rich and verdant paſture ground, till we approach the city of Hereford. Below the bridge, a moſt pleaſing view ſuddenly expands itſelf. The Cathe- dral, Biſhop's Palace, the College, the Caſtle Green and Infirmary on a gradual aſcent, on the northern bank; the fine grounds adjacent to the Wye on the ſouth; and in the diſtance Rotherwas woods and Dynedor-hill, preſent the traveller with a proſpect highly delightful; the tout enſemble of which forms a charming ſelection of natural and artificial landſcape. The boats and barges alſo on the ſides of the river, at the ſame time that they pleaſe the imagination with an idea of national induſtry, add conſiderably to the great variety of this lively ſcene. 192 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF . The Wye, in its rapid and circuitous deſcent from the city, paſſes by Bullingham and Eigne, juſt be- low which place, it affords an object of great beauty beneath the Vineyard, a ſmall neat houſe belonging to Mr. Powell. The river here runs with a ſwift current at the foot of a rocky bank; on the top of which are ſome pleaſant views and walks, which, as they are but at a ſinall diſtance from Hereford by land, are much reforted to in the ſum- mer ſeaſon, and preſent many varieties of the courſe of the Wye, and other objects adjacent to it: " While ftray'd my eyes o’er Vaga’s flood, 6 Over mead and over wood, « From houſe to houſe, from hill to hill, “ Till contemplation had her fill.” On the oppoſite ſide the river, a little lower, is ? ROTHER WAS, The ſeat of Charles Bodenham, Eſq. In the Con- queror's time, Gilbert held this manor by the name of Rotterwas. At the time of making the book of Knights' Fees, which was in Edward I.'s time, Richard de Willes held fome part of the eſtate of William de la Mare. The Bodenhams of Bryn- gwyn Court at length made this their chief ſeat, which has continued in the family ever ſince. They bear, azure, a fejle between three chefs rookš' or. « This is a delicious ſeat,” ſays Blount in his MS. " ſituate near the Wye, and within two miles « of Hereford, abounding with ſtore of excellent THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 193 ) : « fruit, with meadows and fertile arable land.” It was held to be fo delightful a place, that the pro- verb was current here, as anciently of Corinth--- Non datur cuivis adire Rotheram. We cannot all live at Rotherwas. The former houſe was partly of old timber work, but one end of it was newly built of ſtone by Sir Roger Bodenham, in which was a neat par- lour, full of coats of arms and other ornaments, according to the faſhion of that age. The modern, elegant, and extenſive fabric was built by Mr. Bodenham, the grandfather of the preſent worthy poffeffor, and is one of the numerous ſeats which owe great part of their beauty to their ſituation near the banks of the Wye. It has a neat chapel near it, now diſuſed, with a large extent of offices. The adjacent grounds ſtretching towards the banks of the river, are plain and very fertile, crowned towards the fouth by ſome gradual aſcents, on which are the beautiful woods of Rotherwas; towards the fouth-weſt, the view is terminated by the lofty object of Dynedor Camp, from the ſum- mit of which (as has been mentioned before), are a great variety of proſpects of the ſurrounding country. Before we proceeed to any further account of the Wye, it will, no doubt, be deemed excuſeable to make another ſhort deviation from its regular courſe, in order to mention ſomething concerning 1 194 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF Longworth and Stoke, the beautiful ſeats of the Walwyns and the Foleys, families which have produced a continued ſucceſſion of honourable per- ſons in this county, ſeveral of whom have been in a particular manner concerned with the city of Hereford. Continuing, therefore, towards the north-eaſt, about the diſtance of two miles from Rotherwas, we arrive at LONGWORTH, This is the modern feat of the family of the Wal- wyns, the head of which is the preſent Member for the city of Hereford. Thefe Walwyns derive their name from: Gwallain or Wallwain Caſtle in Pembrokeſhire. Of this family was Sir Philip Wall- wain, who, being engaged in King William Rufus's time under Bernard de Newmare, in the conqueſt of Brecknockſhire, had certain lands aſſigned to him at the Hay, in that county, which are to this day called Wallwain's Rents. Richard Wallwain, an anceſtor of this family, in King: Edward III.'s time, married Joane the daughter and heịr of Walter Helion, of Helion, now called Hellens, which became their principal feat. Theſe Helions bore, vert, a bend cotized or, charged with three ſtags' heads proper. Sir Walter Helion, of this family, had been in the holy wars, and lay buried croſs-legged in Alperton church, with a dog at his feet, a coat of mail, a fcrip and THE CITY OF HEREFORD. *19.5 . , a dagger; which monument was removed from thence to Helion, before the chancel of that church fell down. Thomas Wallwain, by deed, dated 4th Henry IV. bought of the Earl of Stafford part of Marcle Magna, or Great Marcle, a little before the battle of Shrewſbury, in which the Earl was Nain whilſt fighting for King Henry IV. This Thomas Wallwain, by his will, made in the year 1414, gave his eſtate at Longworth to William, his younger ſon, in which family it, ſtill continues. The houſe has been nearly rebuilt by the preſent poffeffor, being fitted up with much taſte and ele- gance, and contains ſome very good pictures. It has a neat and ſpacious library, and the books have been ſelected with much judginent and expence. The walks, woods, and pleaſure grounds aře. laid out with taſte, and afford ſome pleaſant ſcenery. The diſtance from Longworth is nearly three miles to STOKE. This is the principal ſeat of the family of the Foleys in this county: the name of it is more truly written Stoke Edith, from the dedication of the church to Saint Editha, who was daughter to King Egbert. In Edward II.'s time, as alſo during the reign of Edward III. the Wallwains were lords of this ma- nor and patrons of the church: how.long it conti- ņued in this ancient family, we find not; but in Henry VIII.'s time, Sir John Lingen had it by 196 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF inarrying Eleanor, the daughter and heireſs of Thomas Milwater, Eſq. The heirs and executors of Sir Henry Lingen ſold it during the laſt century to Paul Foley, Eſq. From that time it continued to be the chief ſeat of the Foleys, while they re- mained a younger branch, but when they ſucceeded to the manſion and eſtate at Witley, in Worceſter- ſhire, they made that their reſidence, and this eſtate was left to the ſecond ſon, the Honourable Edward Foley, the preſent Knight of the Shire for the county of Worceſter. The houſe is a very elegant brick building, erected by Paul Foley, Eſq. anceſtor to the preſent poffeffor; the inſide has much to recommend it, as an object of minute inveſtigation to the viſitor of taſte, particularly from its ſelection of family pic- tures, and its hall, beautifully painted by Sir James Thornhill. The ſituation is healthy and delightful, and the grounds contiguous to it have within theſe few years been much altered. The improvements were conducted under the inſpection of the inge- nious Mr. Repton, who has here diſplayed his taſte and judgement to great advantage. The front of the building was formerly turned from the high- way, being ſeparated by it from the park, and over it a wooden bridge was erected, as a communication; but the road has been ſince turned to the north, ſo that the facade of this elegant ſeat, its extenſive Ihrubberies, the ſpire of the pariſh church, the THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 197 1 handſome parſonage and village, with the park richly cloathed with fine timber in the back ground, riſing to a conſiderable height above the manſion, preſent to the traveller a very pleaſant and lively ſcene. A walk from this noble feat through the park to Sufton, about the diſtance of three miles, is pecu- liarly agreeable to an amateur, and the pencil of the artiſt might be employed with an advantage equal to the pleaſure. The view which expands itſelf through the lofty oaks on the ſummit of the park--- " With op'ning views of hill and dale, " Which ſenſe and fancy too regale, " Where the half cirque which viſion bounds, “ Like amphitheatre ſurrounds” preſents a variety of objects, and many pleaſing proſpects of the meanderings of the river Wye, with its adjoining beauties, which doubtleſs would prove highly ſatisfactory to a true lover of natural landſcape. The deſcent is gradual, conducting the traveller over a hill on which St. Ethelbert is ſaid to have pitched his tents, when coming to the Court of Offa; it is to this day called St. Ethelbert's Camp. On the declivity of the hill, towards the Wye, in a fine ſouthern aſpect, is SUFTON. Concerning this place, thus ſpeaks the book of Knights' Fees---" Roger de Hereford holds lands 198 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT or - here by foccage of Ralph de Daunſey, of the ho- nour of Earl Ferrers." It is related (vide Blouni's MS.) that this family of Hereförd had Suffon by the following tenure, viz. to preſent the King with a pair of gilt ſpurs, when he ſhould happen to ride over Mordiford: bridge. The old manſion-houſe of Suffon, was in a ſitu. ation pleaſant and healthy, feated on the flope of a hill, and cominanding an extenſive proſpect of the river Wye, Holm houſe and park, with various other delightful objects. It began to be ruinous, owing to its great antiquity, having been tlië reiſi dence of the Herefords from the commencement of the reign of Henry III. The late Sir James Hereford, who died a few years ago, made con- ſiderable additions to his paternal eſtate, which he left to his nephew, Mr. Caldicott, who'foon after affumed the name of Hereford: A few hundred yards from the fcite of the old houſe, this gentleman has cauſed a' very handſome building to be erected' of Bath' ſtone, commanding a finer and more extenſive view than the former place, and the grounds are in an improving ſtate under the maſterly direction of Mr. Repton. On leaving Sufton, we paſs through Mordiford, and, joining the Wye, fail down its clear and wind- ing current, till we arrivě at a ſpot where ſome fine rows of ti'ees nearly approach the water; at this place, leaving the boat, and walking up a gras THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 199 dual aſcent, the diſtance about half a mile, we come to 1 HOLM-LACY. ار This is a noble old manſion-houſe, now apper- taining to his Grace the Duke of Norfolk, and was for a long ſeries of years the reſidence of the family of the Scudamores. This family came over with the Conqueror; and ſettled firſt in Wiltſhire, at Norton and Upton. Scudamore, at the laſt of which are traces of their manſion-houſe. Galfridus de Scu- damore, who lived in the reign of King Henry II. bore for his arms, or, a croſs pateé, fitched in the foot, gules; but, arms not being then fixed as hereditary, his deſcendants waved this coat, and took, gules, three ſtirrups leathered and buckled or. Tho- mas, younger ſon of Sir Peter Scudamore, married Clarice, daughter of the Lady Clara, of the family of the Lacies, to whom this eſtate formerly be- longed; and whence it derived the additional name of Holm-Lacy. Of this family was Sir John Scudamore, created a Baronet by King James, and the firſt Baronet of this county; afterwards by King Charles-1. created Viſcount: Sligos; in the kingdom of Ireland; and in the year 163:5, by the fame Monarch, fent Am- baſſador to the French King Louis XIII. by whom he was preſented with the portrait of that Prince, as alſo that. of his Queens, now in the Holm' col-- 200 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT or lection: the latter is a whole length, with this curi- ous inſcription beneath : Anne, Reine de France, große de fix mois, fait par Beaubrun, 1636. This Lord Scudamore was a character as diſtinguiſhed for his loyalty, as his univerſal benevolence and charity. The citizens of Hereford have alſo particular reaſon to reſpect the character of this Nobleman, for a charity that has the laudable tendency of encourag- ing the young and induſtrious, and relieving the aged and infirm---having, by his will, bequeathed four hundred pounds in truſt to the Corporation of Hereford, the intereſt of which is lent to young tradeſmen (for a certain number of years,) to enable them to begin buſineſs; and to ten decayed tradeſmen, ten pounds per annum each for their lives. The ſurviving heireſs of this ancient family was eſpouſed in ſecond marriage to Colonel C. Fitzroy, by whom ſhe had Frances, who married the pre- ſent Duke of Norfolk, to whom ſhe brought the Holm and other large eſtates in this county and in Glouceſterſhire. The eaſt and ſouth fronts of this building are of a plain dark ſtone, commanding a moſt bewitching variety of landſcape ſcenery, fine views of the park, ſeveral windings of the Wye in the beautiful vale below, and the villages of Fownhope, &c. with the neighbouring woods. Contiguous to it, is a chapel, conſecrated by.Dr. Biffe, Biſhop of Here- THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 201 ford, though now diſuſed for divine ſervice. Se- veral of the rooms, particularly the hall, are lofty and magnificent, and contain ſome valuable pic- tures; among the reſt, is a beautiful one of King Charles I. the tout enſemble of which is remarkably fine, and is eſteemed one of Vandyke's beſt per- formances. There are, beſides, numerous portraits of the Scudamores and the Packingtons (the heireſs of which family one of the Scudamores married in the time of Henry VIII.) with a conſiderable num- ber of others by Vandyke, Cornelius Janſon, Hol- bein, &c. Two of the rooms alſo contain ſome elegant and curious.carved work by the celebrated Gibbons, the ſhell fiſh, birds, fruit, &c. of which are inimitably finiſhed, and ſhew wonderful accuracy and execution. The garden in the ſouth front is laid out in the Dutch ſtyle, or rather after the manner of King William's fortifications, ſurrounded with yew hedges in ſtrait lines, cut out into a variety of curious forms, as Mr. Pope ſays, " Each alley has a brother, " And half the platform juſt reflects the other; “ The ſuff'ring eye inverted nature fees, “ Trees cut to ſtatues, ſtatues thick as trees." 1 Though the pictureſque traveller might look upon the fyftem here obſerved with ſome ſmall degree of contempt; yet, as there are few relicks of this kind of taſte remaining, it certainly affords 1 202 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF a ſcene of variety, and preſents an inſtance of the abſurdity of the theory of that period. This, in all probability, will long continue in its preſent ſtate, and prove a ſubject worth the inſpection of the curious viſitor. This ſeat iş occaſionally uſed by the noble Duke, though ſeldom for any long continuance. Almoſt oppoſite to Holm-Lacy is the pleafant village of Fownhope; and one, mile below that. place, a ſcene of great grandeur and beauty ap- pears beneath the celebrated Capler Camp, the Wye in this place forming, by its winding courſe, an agreeable object of novelty. The fine woody. banks of Capler, crowned by its camp, riſe for many hundred feet in great beauty, covered with luxuriant trees, “ Sylva coronat aquas, cingens latus omne, ſuiſque “ Frondibus, ut velo”- and form, on the left, a delightful and extenſive veil to the limpid current flowing beneath. Nor. muſt it be forgotten to mention one great advan- tage, which the river has within our preſent plan, over its courſe when approaching nearer to the ſea. The reflection of contiguous objects in the ſtream have a moſt fingular effect, for the colour of the water, being (except after heavy rains) remark- ably clear and tranſparent, preſents every where that ſilver-ſhaded ſurface, which gives an inexpreſli- ble addition to the romantic beauties of nature. THE CITY OF HEREFOR:D: 203 The general view from this ſelect ſpot, preſents in the front a fine deep ſtream to a conſiderable diſtance; towards the right is ſeen, on an eminence, the pretty object of Ballingham church, with ſome farm-houſes adjacent, which being interſperſed in a remarkable manner between the trees, are ren- dered ſtriking and agreeable: nothing indeed can be more romantic than the courſe of the river in its ſweep round this hill. Thus glides the Wye with a natural face of pleaſure, along the midſt of a fine valley, ſcreened on each ſide by broken banks and fine woody hills, which in autumn, by the variety of ſhades they preſent, add an ornamental luſtre to the gaieties of nature, till, defcending the ſwift current, at ſome ſmall dif- tance the view varies, and the vaniſhed proſpect is ſucceeded by one of ſuperior beauty; for, winding round ſome woods, it opens to a large and more variegated ſcene, to the left of which, on a pleaſing eminence, is ARAMSTONE, A very handſome houſe belonging to Mr. Wood- houſe. This, with the neighbouring church and village of King's Caple, and ſome fine woods near it; form altogether a beautiful aſſemblage; and what adds much to its variety, are the oppoſite banks, on which a number of neat cottages, peep- ing between the trees, preſent a lively rural ſcene. 204 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF ! 1 Leaving Treſeck on the left hand, and following the meandring current, which now and then flows under ſome delightful piece of ground, or rural manſion pleaſant in its ſituation, HAREWOOD Preſents itſelf, about a mile from the right bank of the 'Wye. This is the fine old reſidence of the Hoſkins's, a noble and ancient family in the county of Hereford. The houſe has within theſe late years been much improved, and lies placed in the midſt of a fine woody and romantic country, with which the traveller will be much delighted. It, no doubt, compoſes part of the foreſt of Hare- wood, in which Ethelwold, King Edgar's Miniſter, had a caſtle, which is the ſcene of Maſon's Drama- tic Poem of Elfrida, and a deſcription of the place we now mention, is thus finely introduced in the commencement of the poem: “ How nobly does this venerable wood, - Gilt with the glories of the orient ſung “ Emboſom yon fair manſion! the ſoft air 66 Salutes me with moſt cool and temp'rate breath; And as I tread, the fow'r beſprinkled lawn “ Sends up a gale of fragrance. I ſhould gueſs, " If e'er Content deign'd viſit mortal clime, “ This was her place of deareſt reſidence." The ſtory, principally from Rapin, is as follows--- King Edgar being informed that the Earl of De- vonſhire had a daughter, the greateſt beauty in THE CITY OF HEREFORD, 205 1 England; reſolved to marry her, if the anſwered the deſcription. However, as he was unwilling to make any advances he might have reaſon to repent of, he communicated his deſign to Earl Ethelwold, his favourite, and ordered him to ſee whether the Lady's beauty was equal to what report mentioned. Arrived at the Duke's houſe, Ethelwold fell deſpe- rately in love with her, and, forgetting all his maſter's favours, privately married her himſelf, and took her to his caſtle in the Foreſt of Harewood. But as favourites are ſeldom without private ene- mies, ſo Edgar was ſoon after informed of the truth, and took occaſion to go into thoſe parts, where Ethelwold kept his wife, and having ſeen her, his heart raged with love and revenge.--- Malmeſbury tells us, he took Ethelwold into a wood, called Harewood Foreſt, upon pretence of hunt- ing, and killed him there with a lance. The na- tural ſon of this Nobleman happened to come in at this accident, and viewing the dead body of his father, the king ſternly aſked him, how he liked the game?'. The youth replied, that whatſoever pleaſed the King, ought not to be diſpleaſing to him. This courtly anſwer, on ſo moving an oc- caſion, ſurprized the King, and gave him a ſtrong affection for the young man ever after. He foon after married Elfrida, who cauſed a convent to be built at the place where her huſband was ſlain. -206 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF There is a large farm-houſe at ſome conſiderable diſtance from Harewood, called Llanfrawther, that is, Llan-frawdol or Llan-brodyr, the Brother's Con- vent, a place of worſhip; for Britiſh proper names of places commonly give an explanation or deſcrip- tion of the place. It is ſeldom, if ever, otherwiſe. In this retired place, Learning, in days of yore, had taken up her peaceful reſidence, and whilft wars and ignorance pervaded the greateſt part of the Britiſh iſle, the liberal arts flouriſhed in this ſelect ſpot on the banks of the Wye. From fragments remaining of the ancient Britiſh hiſtory, it appears that, near this place, there was a very noted femina- ry, over which Dubricius preſided, and where he is ſaid to have had above a thouſand ſtudents, learn- ing the different branches of the literature of that time. There is at preſent a pariſh church, called Hentland, properly Hên-llan, that is, the Old Church, where the chief feat ſeems to have been of this famous ſeminary. As we proceed from Harewood, on the oppoſite ſide of the river is a ſpot marked by a fine grove of trees, called Caple Tump, which has long been celebrated for its annual feſtival: it is to be obſerved, thať in the Whitſuntide holidays, much company meet here from the towns and villages around, particularly from Rofs, Monmouth, and Hereford. Hoſpitality, friendſhip, and mirth are often enjoyed ! THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 207. in this delightful ſpot, and the opulent and poor here mutually partake of the ſocial bleſſings of rural mirth--- " Whilſt all the village train, from labour free, “ Lead up their ſports beneath the ſpreading tree.” And by their innocent conviviality preſent to the eye of ſenſibility, a picture of domeſtic happineſs highly pleaſing to the imagination. A few hundred yards beneath this charming wood, the Wye meanders with great variety under a lofty bank, upon the top of which is ſeen an old manſion-houſe, called Cradock. This is a very ancient place, as its name beſpeaks it, being ſo called from Cradoc or Caradoc, a valiant Britiſh chief, who ſo long and bravely oppoſed the Romans in Siluria. . He was generally known by the name of Caradog Fraich Frås (fat or ſtrong arm,) Prince between Wye and Severn; ſo that in all probability he was Sovereign of the diſtrict of Ereinuc or Irginfield--- « Fairer than the riſing ſtar " Cradoc! though ſhalt beam afar, " E'en where Sol's extenſive ray « Scorns to uſher in the day." This was once the reſidence of a branch of the Scudamore family, and now belongs, with a good eſtate, to Lord Digby. At the diſtance of a quar- ter of a mile below, near to the river, the neat little church of Selleck, with its elegant ſpire riſing . 208 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF 1 1 up between the trees, is a ſtriking and pictureſque object. About a mile from the northern bank of the river, is the curious and ancient manſion-houſe of + 3 FAWLEY COURT, An object particularly worthy of the notice of the antiquarian traveller. It was built about the time of Queen Elizabeth. The offices are ſpacious, and now converted into a handſome farm-houſe. Such a remnant of antiquity is ſeldom ſeen with indif- ference, for the fight of a venerable old manſion feeds the iinagination with ideas of the domeſtic felicity once enjoyed within its walls, and generally creates a kind of delight to contraſt its preſent, with its former ſtate. The fine entrance, the great hall, and dining-parlour, are entire and well pre- ſerved; and from the liberality of the preſent pof- feffor, theſe ſpacious apartments are occaſionally appropriated to the revival of its former hoſpitality. This houſe, with a conſiderable eſtate, is the pro- perty of Mr. Money, whoſe grandmother was daughter to Sir John Kyrle, who reſided here in 1635; his two other brothers lived in their old family feat at Homme Houſe, and Walford, near Roſs. Mr. Kyrle, Pope's celebrated Man of Roſs, was a deſcendant of this Sir John Kyrle.. From Fawley the Wye meanders in a very beautiful manner, till it reaches How Caple, which ! + THE CITY OF HEREFORD, 209 is finely ſituate, and has a handſome appearance from many points of view. The river flowing from thence, almoſt encircles 'a fine eſtate called Ingate- ſtone, in which is ſeen a ſpacious old brick man- fion, formerly the reſidence of the family of the Hoſkins. A few hundred yards from hence, and near the river, a handſome new-built houſe, called + CARTHAGE Preſents itſelf, the ſeat of Mr. Lloyd. Nearly adjoining is Foye church, and its modern vicarage houſe, a moſt deſirable ſummer reſidence. The oppoſite bank to Foye is a part of the pleaſant village of Brampton Abbot. The Wye, from Foye to Roſs, paſſes under a beautiful wood, called Aſh, on the ſummit of which is a comfortable old houſe belonging to Mr. Meend: from many points of view near this ſpot, the town of Roſs, with Pen- yard and the adjacent woods, conſtitute a ſcene of great beauty, and is one of the various views on this river well worth the attention of the artiſt and traveller. Two miles from Aſh, the Wye winds round, near Roſs, in the form of a horfe-ſhoe,, and paſſes under WILTON CASTLE. This place lies on the banks of the river, contiguous to the high-road leading from the city of Hereford to Roſs, and was a building of great ſtrength, as 210 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF well as antiquity. By certain credit of record, it appears, that it was built by Hugh de Longchamp, who held the manor of Wilton as the gift of Henry I. by the ſervice of ſending two men at arms in the wars of Wales. To him ſucceeded Hugh, his fon, who had a confirmation thereof from Henry II. Henry, ſucceſſor to this Hugh, was Sheriff of Here- fordſhire in the reign of Henry II. and Richard I. whoſe ſon left only one daughter, Maud, married to Reginald de Grey, Juſtice of Cheſter, by which the lordſhip of Wilton came firſt into that family. This caſtle continued in that deſcent, from which many worthy Barons of that name have ſprung, down to the time of William Lord Grey de Wilton, who ſucceeded to this honour on the death of his three brothers. He was a brave ſoldier, dignified with many offices in ſtate, and poſts in war, a Knight of the Garter, &c. He defended Calais againſt the French during the reign of Queen Mary, but being at laſt made priſoner, he was forced to pay 24,000 crowns for his ranſom; in order to raiſe which fum, he was obliged to ſell the greateſt part of his eſtates. His ſon Arthur was alſo Knight of the Garter, and one of the Peers who ſat upon the trial of the Duke of Norfolk; he was likewiſe one of the Commiſſioners for the trial of Mary Queen of Scots, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. In this laſt honourable ſituation, he had an opportunity of imimortalizing himſelf by becoming the patron of THE CITY OF HEREFORD. 211 Spenſer the poet, whom he appointed to be his Secretary. The gratitude of the bard will render Lord Grey's name for ever memorable. His Lord- ſhip died 35th Elizabeth, leaving iſſue Thomas, who was accuſed of a conſpiracy with Lord Cob- ham, Sir Walter Raleigh, &c. and confined in the Tower, where he died July 6, 1614, being the laſt Lord Grey of Wilton. It may reaſonably be imagined; that this manor was diſpoſed of with other parts of the eſtate by Lord William, the grandfather, in order to obtain his ranſom: for we find that it ſoon after belonged to John, firſt Lord Chandos, who had married his fifter, and from that time Wilton continued to be the occaſional reſidence of the family of the Brydges, until the year 1644, when, during the time of the great rebellion, it felt the iron effects of Cromwell's uſurpation. This caſtle was a place of conſiderable ſtrength, and was beſieged a little previous to the capture of Hereford in 1645, by a detached body of the Parliamentary army. The ſmall garriſon it contained made a deſperate defence, and the place, on being taken, ſuffered much from the deſtructive ſpirit of the enemy. This manor was, fome years ago, ſold, as well as other large eſtates in this county belonging to the Chandos family, and purchaſed by the Truſtees of Guy's Hoſpital. + ! !, 1 212 AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT, &c. The remaining part of this caſtle is fitted up for a moſt deſirable reſidence. The caſtle, with Wil- ton bridge, &c. as ſeen from ſundry different points, are highly ſtriking. Here we muſt leave, with regret, our favourite river, after having followed its devious courſe through a variety of charming ſcenes; and, though in our preſent confined plan, its banks do not at- tain that grandeur and ſublimity of ſcenery, which are found in many parts from Roſs to Monmouth and Chepſtow, nevertheleſs, the traveller of taſte will find his curioſity amply gratified in examining the pictureſque objects of this beautiful river: and when to the extraordinary ſelection of its favourite views we add the ſalubrity of the climate, the fer- tility of the adjacent country, and the hoſpitality of the inhabitants, we may ſay, with a kind of ex- ulting rapture, 5c No ſtream boaſts fuch banks, as the banks of the Wye." THE APPENDI X. An Extract from a Deed of Sir Thomas CONINGSBY, relating to Coningſby's Hoſpital. , Thomas of Hampton Court, in the county of Hereford, Knight, on the one part, and Simon Savery; of Bodenham, in the ſaid county of Hereford, Clerk, and Charles Adams, of Bodenham aforeſaid, Gen- tleman, on the other part, witneſſeth, that whereas by a ſtatute made, &c. the 24th day of October, in the 39th year of our late Sovereign Lady Queen Elizabeth, and in the year 1597, amongſt other things it was enacted, That all and every perſon, &c. feiſed of an eſtate in fee ſimple, at his or their will or pleaſure, ſhall have full power and authority by deed inrolled in the High Court of Chancery, to erect or eſtabliſh one or more Hoſpitals at his or / 214 APPENDIX. their will or pleaſure, &c.; 'now this indenture further witneſſeth, that the ſaid Sir Thomas Con- ingſby, to the honour of God, the Father of every good and perfect gift, in thankfulneſs to him for his defence and protection as well in foreign travels by ſea and land, as älſo for his preſervation againſt malice and practice at home, in ſubmiſſion unto his chaſtiſements upon the perſon of the ſaid Sir Thomas Coningſby, that have diſabled his body in this world, and enabled his mind and thoughts to an expectation of the world to come, and with a Chriſtian hope and humble fupplication to him for his bleſſing on his poſterity, now depending upon the laſt of ſix ſons which he had by his worthy and virtuous wife Philippa, the daughter of Sir Wil- liam Fitz-Williams, and being feiſed in fee of houſes, lands, and the following parcels of com- mandry that were the inheritance of thoſe Knights of St. John of Jeruſalem, and formerly employed as part of fuftentation to Chriſtian valour and cou- rage, by virtue, power, and authority in the afore- faid ſtatute given and provided, by this deed to be inrolled in the High Court of Chancery, doth ordain and conſtitute, That all that quadrangle or ſquare building of ſtone, conſiſting of twelve dwel- lings, a chapel and hall, and two other rooms in- tended for a pantry, and one great room over them, and the ſoil whereon it ſtands; and that couri incloſed within it, ſituate and bounded on APPENDIX. 215 1 the weſt part upon the High-ſtreet without Wide- marſh-Gate, in the ſuburbs of the city of Here- ford, and bounded on all other parts by the land of Sir Thomas Coningſby, ſometime the poffeffion of the Prior of St. John's of Jeruſalem, ſhall be and remain a Hoſpital for ever ; and the ſaid Sir Thomas Coningſby doth erect and call the ſame Coningſby's Company of old Servitors, in the ſuburbs “ of the city of Hereford,” and doth ordain that there ſhall be and remain in the ſaid Hoſpital a Chaplain, and eleven poor old Servitors that have been ſoldiers, mariners or ſerving-men, for ever. The ſaid Chaplain to be a Graduate in the Uni- verſity of Oxford, and a preacher well read and well ſpoken, and above all of honeſt and diſcreet converſation. Six of the ſaid number of eleven Ser- vitors to be old ſoldiers of three years ſervice at leaſt, in the counties of Hereford, Worceſter, or Salop: and if there ſhall not be full ſix ſuch ſoldiers capa- ble at all times of the ſaid places in the ſaid coun- ties, then the number to be ſupplied by mariners of the ſaid counties; of three years tried employ- ment at ſea, and the other five to be old ſerving- men, of ſeven years ſervice in one family, wanting better maintenance---to be maintained for ever in manner hereafter expreſſed---whereof one of the Servitors, being a ſoldier, which ſhall be the Head, Chief or Governor, ſhall be called the Corporal of Coningſby's Company, &c. And the ſaid Chaplain 216 APPENDIX. ſhall be aſſiſtant to the ſaid Head or Chief; and the Head, Chaplain, and Servitors ſhall be elected in form hereafter expreſſed; each of which; &c. ſhall have a lodging with three chambers or rooms, two upper rooms and a lower room; the ſaid Corporal or Head to reſide in the lodging next adjoining the hall, and the ſaid Chaplain in the lodging next adjoining the Chapel, and the reſt in order according to their antiquity. And the ſaid Sir T. C. doth by theſe preſents nominate and appoint the ſaid Simon Savery, Clerk, to be firſt and preſent Chaplain, and theſe eleven perſons fol- lowing, i. e. the ſaid Charles Adams, Gent. Tho- mas St. John, John Oliver, Thomas Rees, Henry Evans, Richard Howarth, James Dower, Francis Maudlin, Walter Read, Robert Cardue, William Hodges, to be the firſt old Servitors of the ſaid Hoſpital, and that the ſaid Charles Adams ſhall be the Head or Chief, and be called the Corporal of Coningſby's Company, &c. and that the ſaid Chaplain ſhall be aſſiſtant to the ſaid Corporal in governing the ſaid Hoſpital. And the ſaid Sir T. C. doth by theſe preſents incorporate the ſaid Head, Chaplain, and old Servitors by the name of Co- ningſby's Company, &c. and doth eſtabliſh and create them one body politic and corporate for ever, and that they ſhall have a perpetual ſucceſſion, and by that name ſhall be perſons able and capable in the law to purchaſe, buy, acquire, &c. to them APPENDIX: 217 and their ſucceſſors for ever, goods and chattels, lands, tenements, &c. and by that name to ſet and let ſuch lands, &c. to implead and be impleaded, fue and be ſued, and to do any other act in law as fully, really, and freely as any other like corpora- tion or body politic may do. And that they ſhall have a common ſeal to ſign the buſineſs and affairs of the ſaid Hoſpital, which ſeal ſhall contain this impreſſion, viz. a Coney in a bunch of Feathers in a Coronet ; and the ſaid ſeal ſhall be kept in a cheſt faft locked with two locks and two keys, the ſaid Chaplain to have the cuſtody of the one key, and the Corporal to have the cuſtody of the other. And the ſaid Sir T. C. doth by theſe preſents endow the faid Hoſpital, and doth alien, give, grant, &c. unto the ſaid Chaplain, Corporal and Company, all thoſe twelve lodgings, chapel, hall, buttery, pantry, and rooms over them, and the ſaid quadrangle within the ſaid buildings, and all the ſaid fcite of the ſaid Hoſpital, and all that quantity of ground lying betwixt the wall which extendeth from the quadrangle to that part of the ſaid ancient Monaſtery which now is ſtanding, and wherein the ſaid Sir T.C. doth ſometimes lodge and reſide, and from thence to the brook called the Ton-Brook, and from thence to certain gardens on the weſt part, and from thence to the corner of the ſaid chapel; the ſaid ſpot of ground to be uſed, planted, &c. for a common garden to the faid Hoſpital. And P 218 APPENDIX. the ſaid Sir T. C. doth further hereby givę, grant, &c. to the fajd Corporal and Company, all thoſe new buildings on the weſt ſide, and on the other ſide of Widemarſh-ſtreet, over againſt the ſaid Hospital, containing a brewhouſe, a bakehouſe, a lodging for a brewer and baker, and certain other rooms and ſtables, making up a ſquare building; together with the yard within the ſame, and alſo fo much land adjoining to the fajd new building as ſhall.extend in breadth and width ten feet on either fide the ſaid new building, and in length from the faid new building and the ſtreet called Widemarſh- ftreet unto the Portfields weſtward, tº have and to hold the ſaid chapel, hall, lands, &c. &c. to the ſaid Corporation and their ſucceſſors for ever. And the ſaid Sir T. C. doth by theſe preſents covenant and grant, for himſelf, his heirs, executors, &c. to and with the ſaid Simon Savery and Charles Adams, that the ſaid Sir T.C. his heirs, &c. fhall, within three years next following, endow the ſaid Hoſpital with other lands, &c. in fee fimple, ſufficient in every reſpect to pay and diſcharge all penſions, &c. to have continuance for ever. And the ſaid Sir T. C. doth hereby ordain, that whenſoever the Chaplain or Corporal, or any more of the faid Company ſhall die, or be removed from his or their rooms or places, that then, and after there ſhall be one other or more, according as the cafe fhall require, being born in the counties of Here- APPENDIX. 219 ) ford, Worceſter, or Salop, or being a Coningſby in naine and arms, choſen into the place of him or them, ſo dying, or removed by the ſaid Sir T.C. or his heirs for the time being, continuing owners of the ſaid Sir T. C.'s houſe, named Hampton Court, in the county of Hereford, or, in default of ſuch heirs, being owners thereof, by the Lord or Lords, owner or owners in fee of the ſaid houſe, ſo as the ſaid Sir T. C. or they make choice, within fix months after the death or diſplacing of ſuch the ſaid Chaplain or old Servitor, and, in default of ſuch choice, then by the Juſtices of Aſlize for the county of Hereford, aſſigned for the time being, at the next aflize held for the faid county after the end of the ſaid ſix months. And the ſaid Sir T.C. doth by theſe preſents conſtitute and ordain, that when- foever the ſaid place of the ſaid Corporal or Chief ſhall be void, that, if there be any old Soldier ca- pable and eligible thereunto, according to the ordi- nance made or to be made for the government of the ſaid Hoſpital, being a Coningſby in name and arms, of what county ſoever he be within the realın of England, that he ſhall be preferred and choſen to the place before any other; and if there be none ſuch of the ſame name and blood, then that ſome other capable by the faid ordinance, and being a gentleman born in the county of Hereford, Salop, or Worceſter, ſhall be choſen to the ſaid place, and ſhall ſtile and write himſelf, and during his conti. 1 220 APPENDIX. A nuance in the ſaid place be called, Corporal Co- ningſby, and by no other ſurname. And that the ſaid Corporal and Company, in all their letters and writings to and of the ſaid Sir T.C. and his heirs, or the owners of Hampton Court aforeſaid, being their founder, ſhall call, write, and ſtile him and them by the name of their Commander and Com- MANDERS of the ſaid Hoſpital, and by no other name, in memory of thoſe worthy governors that formerly ruled a military ſociety in that place. And the ſaid Corporal and Chaplain, and every other of the old Servitors, ſhall have one of the year's rents of the premiſes, lands, &c. aſſigned or allotted. To that purpoſe, proviſion or maintenance here- after to be given yearly (viz.) every one of the faid Corporation or Society ſhall have, for every week, two loaves of bread made of good wheat, every loaf weighing four pounds weight, and to be deli-. vered weekly in the common-hall of the ſaid Hof- pital, the one on the Monday morning and the other on the Thurſday morning, and two full ale quarts of beer for every day, namely one quart at eleven of the clock, and the other quart at ſix of the clock at night: the ſaid beer to be made of barley malt, after the rate of three buſhels to the hogſhead, from All-Saints' tide until. Eaſter; and, from Eaſter to All-Saints' tide, after the rate of two buſhels to the hogſhead. And every one of the ſaid Corporation or Hoſpital ſhall likewiſe have APPENDIX. 221 1 delivered unto him, within ſeven days after Mi- chaelmas-day, two cheeſes of the beſt Shropſhire cheeſe, or as good as the beſt now is accounted, and every cheeſe to be forty pounds weight; and alſo three gallons of good wholeſome butter; which proviſion of cheeſe and butter ſhall be bought yearly at Kingſland fair, or ſome other fair fit for that purpoſe; and every one of them ſhall likewiſe have delivered to him yearly, at the ſaid Hoſpital, be- fore the feaſt of St. Michael, for fuel and firing one · hundred faggots a piece, of a yard in length and thirty inches about in compaſs. And the ſaid Sir T. C. for himſelf, his heirs, &c. doth likewiſe covenant and promiſe, that there ſhall be for ever kept upon ſome good ground, not far from the ſaid Hoſpital, a ſtock of kine, whereby ſuch of the ſaid Hoſpital as ſhall buy milk for their diet, ſhall have two quarts for a penny in the ſummer, and three pints for a penny in the winter, ſo as no one of them buy above a quart in one day. And the ſaid Sir T. C. doth by theſe preſents appoint, that yearly, upon the feſtival days of Chriſtmas, Can- dlemas, Eaſter, Whitſuntide, All-Saints, and every Sunday throughout the year, the ſaid Corporal, Chaplain and Company together, ſhall have a din- ner and ſupper, in the common hall of the ſaid Hoſpital, out of the common ſtock, viz. „at dinner a piece of beef roaſted, and at ſupper mutton and broth made in a competent manner, with bread 222 APPENDIX. and beer, over and above their weekly allowance, and a fire in the hall upon the ſaid feſtival days and Sundays, from All-Saints' tide until the firſt day of Lent. And the ſaid Corporal and Chaplain ſhall, for their further and more full maintenance, have each of them paid unto him, in money weekly, 3s. 4d. and every other old Servitor of the ſaid Company ſhall have paid unto him, in money weekly, 2s. 6d. the ſaid payment to be made weekly upon Monday morning, in the common hall of the ſaid Hoſpital, after prayers. And touching the apparel of the ſaid Corporal and old Servitors, the faid Sir T. C. doth ordain and appoint, that every one of them ſhall have at the firſt adınittance a fuftián ſuit of ginger colour, of a ſoldier-like faſhion, ſeemly laced; an hat with a band of white, and red ſlippers; a ſoldier-like jerkin with half Neeves, and a ſquare fhirt down half the thigh, with a moncado or Spaniſh cap; a foldier-like ſword, with a belt, to wear as he goeth abroad; a cloak of red cloth lined with bays of red, and reaching to the knee, and a ſeemly gown to be worn of red cloth, reach- ing down to the ancle, lined likewiſe with red bays, to be worn in the ſaid Hoſpital, and the ſaid cloak to be worn in farther walks or journeys. And that afterwards, yearly, upon the feaſt of Pentecoft, every ſecond year after, the like hat or jerkin to be delivered to them, and every of them for ever: and every third year, upon the feaſt of All Saints, APPENDIS. 2:23 the like gown and cloak delivered to them, and every of them for ever: all the faid apparel to be for ever of the fame fámhion as the firme delivered unto them at their firſt admittance was. And the fáid Sir T. C. doth further ordain and appoint, that whenfoever the faid Company'ſhall go to the Cathedral Church of the faid city, or to any other public place in the ſaid city, according as by ordi- nance ſhall be laid down, the faid Chaplain and Corporal ſhall go together, before the reſt of the ſaid Company, the ſaid Chaplain, with his bible, in the forefront of the ſaid Company, and the reſt by two and two, as the ſaid Corporal and Chaplain fhall aſſociate thém: the ſaid Corporal and Com- pany wearing their ſwords, if the laws and ordi nances of this kingdom perimit the fame, and wear- ing their apparel and gowns aforeſaid. And the faid Sir T. C. doth likewiſe ordain, that if the ſaid Company ſhall haunt taverns or alehouſes, and be a common drunkard, quarreller, babler, or live incontinently, or if any of them ſhall be proved to beg or cozen, or commit any other notorious crime not capital, and ſhall thereof be juftly de- tected by the teſtimony of two witneſſes; before the Mayor of the city of Hereford, or any other Juſtice of the Peace, that then ſuch offender ſhall, for his firſt offence, be publickly, in the common hall of the fáid Hoſpital, before all the old Servitors, ad- moniſhed by the ſaid Chaplain and Corporal; and, any of 224 APPENDIX, for his ſecond offence, be deprived of his mainte- nance for one month, and that the ſame ſhall be equally divided between the reſt .of the ſaid Com- pany; and, for the third offence, ſhall be finally diſcharged or expelled by the ſaid Sir T. C. or his heirs, or the owners of the ſaid houſe of Hampton Court for the time being aforeſaid; or, in his or their default or neglect of diſplacing ſuch offenders by the ſpace of fix months, then by the Juſtices of Aflize of the ſaid county of Hereford, at the next aſſizes following; and one or more, according as - the caſe ſhall require, to be placed in their rooms or places ſo as aforeſaid offending. Item, The ſaid Sir T. C. doth ordain, that the ſaid Corporal and Chaplain for the time being, ſhall have the receipt and collection of all the rents, revenues, and profits of«the ſaid Company, and out of the ſame to pay themſelves, and the reſt of the faid allowances at the time limited and appointed; and ſuch overplus of money or proviſion as ſhall fortune to be or grow, to be put up in a cominon ſtock or cheſt, and of the other common proviſions to be put up in a common ſtorehouſe to be ap- pointed out of the ſaid new buildings, there to be kept for the good of them and the ſaid Company. Provided always, that if the ſaid Corporal or Chap- lain ſhall willingly default or keep back 5l. or 5$. worth of the allowances of the ſaid Company, or convert it to his or their own private uſe, then 1 APPENDIX. 225 1 ſuch offender, ipfo fačto, ſhall loſe his place, and be immediately deprived thereof to all intents and purpoſes. Item, The ſaid Sir T. C. doth by theſe preſents ordain, that the ſaid Corporal and Chaplain ſhall, whenever they be thereunto called by the ſaid Sir T. C. his faid heirs, &c. account before him or them all ſuch ſums of money as ſhall be received by them, under pain to loſe their places, and the fame account yearly to be entered into a regiſter book to be kept for that purpoſe. And the ſaid Sir T. C. doth by theſe preſents further ordain and reſerve to himſelf, all power and authority, upon any juſt and reaſonable cauſe, to remove the ſaid Governor or Chaplain, or any of the Company now being, or to be hereafter, and to place in his or their ſtead ſuch perſons as he ſhall think fit, re- ſerving the ſame to the motion of God's grace in his heart during his life; and to alter any of the laws, ordinances, and conſtitutions hereby made, or hereafter to be made, if it ſhall fo feem fit and convenient; and alſo to make and ordain; from time to time, new and other laws and ordinances for the good government of the ſaid Hoſpital: ſuch laws and ordinances to be entered into a regiſter, and, being ſo entered, ſhall be obſerved and kept, according to the true intent and meaning of the fame, under the pains, penalties, and forfeitures therein contained; and the fame orders, ordinances, 226 APPENDIX. &c. to be fairly tranſcribed and engroſſed on parch- ment, and to be placed in a table-book, to remain in fome eminent place of the hall of the ſaid Hofpi. tal, to the end that all and every of the faid Com- pany may at all times have acceſs to them, and therefore know what they have to do and obferve. In witneſs whereof, the parties firft above-meri- tioned have ſet their hands and feals, dated the day and year firſt above written. + 1 An Extract from Sir THOMAS CONINGSBY's Will, which bears dote I oth of August, 1616, and was proved 18th March, 1625. · Laſtly, There is one thing I have at lieart, yea little leſs than any of the preceding bequeſts or gifts, which I pray, intreat, befeech, defire, require, yea command; and this is, the endowment of the DECAMERON or CAMERADO of old ſoldiers and ſerving-men of defert, in the ſuburbs of the city of Hereford, being now alınoſt perfected. Item, I intend the endowment of ten old foldier's and ſerving-men, with convenient penſions and other allowances, to the value of twenty marks by the year, to every one, which, together witls the allowance to the Corporal and Chaplain, will make it 200l. by the year; the which to perform ma- turely and legally, according to the conceived forin in. my own mind, God of his mercy give me the grace. 1 APPENDIX. 227 1 In the Firſt CODICIL, dated September 29, 1617, and publiſhed October 15, 1617, is the following Item, I give; demiſe, and bequeath, for' and to- wards the ſuſtentation and maintenance of the Hof- pital, &c. &c. an annual rent of 2001. to be paid yearly for ever, out of all my fee ſimple lands, &c. in Leominſter, Lawton, Stockton, Moretonhen- marſh, Riſbury, and Newton, in the county of Hereford, and out of the manor and rectory of Truſſington, and the rectory and tithes of Daulby, Chalcomb, in Leiceſterſhire, or elſewhere, &c. And I hereby will and require my dearly beloved fon, Fitz William Coningſby, to ſee all my bequeſts effectually performed; and he will prepare and finiſh the houſes, hall, chapel, and garden of the faid Hoſpital, and new buildings over againſt them, according to my intention. A SECOND CODICIL. CODICI Now, there remains to provide for thoſe I have little leſs at heart than the fore-written, viz. my CAMERADO of old ſoldiers and ſerving-men: much of my intention therein, Thomas Eaton hath in writing, and God of his bleſſed goodneſs give me leave to live to ſee the ſame perfected; if not, I require and conjure my ſon, upon all that either by the law of nature, man, or God, ought to be betwixt father and fon, that he perform it to the utmoſt of the law, which is ſaid to be but 2001. a 228 APPENDIX. year; the which, the better to enable him to per- form it, I give him all my lands in Leiceſterſhire, which amount to 210l. per annum,' and it may be better, with the advowſon of the vicarăge there- with, well worth 8ol. a year, and it may without ſimony, for fo pious a uſe and work, be turned to annual profit. Beſides, I leave him all the reſt of my lands unentailed, which are worth rool. a year, and may be made much better; and to the end that the dividend may be more large amongſt thoſe laymen, I require that he ſettle the vicarage of Bodenham, with all the appurtenances, which is the third part of all the corn of the pariſh, and that it be given to him that ſhall be Chaplain there qualified, as is ſet down by my notes, ſet down by Thomas Eaton, &c. EXTRACTS FROM THE RULES AND ORDINANCES . To be kept and obſerved by the Chaplain, Corporal, and Servitors of Coningſby's Hoſpital, appointed and directed the roth day of December, 1736, by the Right Hon. THOMAS LORD CONINGSBY, Commander of the ſaid Hospital, 1. That theſe rules and ordinances be fairly en- groffed and written on parchment, and put into a frame, and kept conſtantly hung up in the chapel belonging to the ſaid Hoſpital, and that they be entered into a 'paper book to be kept for that pur- poſe in a chelt in the ſaid chapel, and that the prefent Chaplain, Corporal, and Servitors ſubſcribe their names to the ſaid rules in the ſaid book. APPENDIX. 229 ! 11. That every future Chaplain, Corporal and Servitor hereafter to be admitted into the ſaid Hof- pital, ſhall, at the time of his admiſſion, read or hear read unto him theſe rules and orders, and ſhall live and be conformable, as well to theſe rules and orders, as to any other ancient ſtatutes belong- ing to the faid Hoſpital. II. That no one of the ſaid Servitors, &c. ſhall; at any time or times hereafter, depart or abſent himſelf from the fåid Hoſpital above the ſpace of three days at any one time, without the ſpecial licence and conſent of the Commander or Corporal of the ſaid. Hoſpital, upon the penalty of forfeiting, for the firſt offence, one week's pay; for the ſecond, a full month's pay; and, for the third, upon the penalty of being expelled the ſaid Hoſpital. iv. That each Servitor ſhall conſtantly, upon every Lord's day, in his proper habit and cloak, go along with the Corporal to the Minſter or Cathedral Church, and attend morning ſervice and ſermon each day celebrated, and fit in the proper ſeat there appointed and belonging to the Corporal and Ser- vitors; and alſo conſtantly attend divine ſervice performed in the Chapel of the ſaid Hoſpital. v. That every Servitor ſhall, on the firſt Sunday in the twelve days of Chriſtmas, and on Whit- ſunday, every year, receive, in the Chapel of the ſaid Hoſpital, the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper, upon forfeiture of ſix months' pay, unleſs ſuch rea- 230 APPENDIX. fonable excufe ſhall be made as ſhall be certified by the Corporal, &c. VI. That every Chaplain, &c. do conſtantly and perſonally attend, or find a proper Clergyman to read the prayers, and adminifter the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper, as herein directed, viz. to read prayers upon every Sunday in the afternoon, and upon every Monday, Wedneſday, Friday, and Sa- turday morning, weekly, and yearly to adminiſter the Sacrament in the ſaid Chapel on the firſt Sunday in the twelve days of Chriſtmas, and on Whitſun- day. And the ſaid Chaplain or Miniſter ſhall, upon his entrance into the ſervice of the ſaid cure, ſign and ſubſcribe theſe orders, &c. &c. VII. That every Servitor ſhall conſtantly keep the court or yard belonging to the Hoſpital weeded and free from graſs; and the Chaplain, Corporal, and Servitors ſhall keep the windows of their re- ſpective rooms and apartments well and ſufficiently glazed, upon penalty of the forfeiture of two fhil- lings, &c. VIII. That the Corporal do, upon every Monday morning, immediately after divine ſervice in the ſaid Chapel, in the preſence of the Miniſter or Chap- lain, pay unto each of the reſiding Servitors who ſhall be in the ſaid Hoſpital on the Saturday night next before, and go to the Cathedral Church, and attend the Chapel belonging to the ſaid Hoſpital on each Sunday as aforeſaid, and to none other, APPENDIX, 231 1 the weekly ſum of 4s. ios. in full ſatisfaction for. each week's pay in money, and for each Servitor's weekly allowance for bread and beer: and that the ſaid Corporal ſhall alſo pay, upon every Monday after Michaelmas-day yearly, to each Servitor, the ſum of gs. for their reſpective proviſion for cheeſe and fuel for each enſuing winter. Įx. If any of the reſiding Servitors ſhall be duly convicted before the ſaid Corporal of ſwearing, çurſing, or being drunk, he ſhall forfeit out of his week's s pay, for every oath iş. and for every time being drunk 2s. 6d. X. If any of the Servitørs, notwithſtanding ſuch penalties, ſhall perſevere in the practice of ſuch unchriſtian vices, then immediately from and after the third conviction, he ſhall be, ipfo facto, expel- led the ſaid Hoſpital. XI. That all and every the convictions and pe- nalties before mentioned, ſhall be duly entered by the Corporal, and be converted into a public ſtock for the relief of any of the ſaid Servitors when they Įhall happen to be ſick. 1 Extract of a copy of Mr. Kerry's Deed of Settle- ment on Trinity Hoſpital. 28 FEB. 43, ELIZ. To all Chriſtian people, &c. I Thomas Kerry, of Sherfield, in the county of Kent, Eſq. ſend. 1 232 APPENDIX. greeting to our Lord God everlaſting. Know ye, that I the ſaid Thomas Kerry, in conſideration of lands left me by my uncle and aunt, William Bur- ley, Clerk, and Joan Burley, widow, and of goods and money left and paid by Richard Ridge, ſome- time Abbot of Notteley, and his brother Rowland Ridge, of Crendon, in the county of Bucks, unto me the faid T. K. and in duty to my father and mother for the lands and goods left by them unto me and my heirs for ever; and for performance of the charitable intent of my father, and for ſun- dry other good conſiderations me in this behalf moving, and withal conſidering the infinite num- ber of poor people in the city of Hereford, in the county of Hereford, being the place where I the faid T. K. was born and the ſmall relief that the ſaid poor people, and eſpecially thoſe of the elder ſort, have, do ordain and conſtitute,' &c. all that my meſſuage and houſes, &c. lying and being in the pariſh of St. Peter, in the city of Hereford, being holden in focage, in the nature of burgage tenure, and not in chief, ſhall be and remain an Hoſpital for ever. And I the ſaid T. K. do dedi- cate the ſame, in the name, and for the honour, of the holy, eternal, and undivided Trinity; and do ordain that there ſhall be and remain in the ſame Hoſpital fifteen poor people for ever, i. ie. three men, unmarried, and twelve women, widows, to be maintained in form hereafter expreſſed; whereof APPENDIX. 233 one of the ſaid poor ſhall be called Governor, and ſhall be elected in form hereafter expreſſed: each of which fifteen perſons ſhall have a chamber in the faid Hoſpital, &c. And I the ſaid T. K. do by theſe preſents nominate theſe perſons following, viz. Richard Ridge, Robert Prior, and John Wickett, poor old Men; and Alice Pottinger, &c. Widows, to be the firſt and preſent poor of the ſaid Hoſpital: and the ſaid Richard Ridge ſhall be Governor of the faid Hoſpital, to continue in the ſame during his good behaviour: and do by theſe preſents in- corporate, &c. the ſaid fifteen perſons, and make, erect, and create them one body politic and corpo- rate for ever, &c. by the name of “The Governor. ond Poor of Trinity Hoſpital in Hereford.” And will and ordain, that they and their ſucceſſors, by that name, ſhall have a perpetual ſucceſſion, and by that name be perfons able and capable in the law to purchaſe, &c. &c. and that they ſhall have a com- inon ſeal to ſign the buſineſs of the faid Hoſpital, which ſeal ſhall contain the following circumſcrip- tion round a death's head, viz. Memento Mori; and that the ſaid ſeal ſhall be kept in a cheft, faſt locked under four keys, whereof the Governor ſhall have one, I and my heirs another, the Mayor of Here- ford the third, and the Vicar of St. Peter's the fourth. And I the ſaid T. K. in conlideration aforeſaid, and in further conſideration of 4os. to be paid by the Governor and Poor, or ſome of them, 234 APPENDIX. within forty days next after inrollment of theſe pre- ſents, and, in conſideration of 205. to be alſo in hand paid by John Terry, gent. and John Elliots, gent. do by theſe preſents endow: the faid Hofpi- tal, and do alien, give, &c. to the ſaid Governor and Poor of Trinity Hoſpital, all and ſingular the ſaid meſſuage-houſe before-mentioned, and all and ſingular my. meſſuages, lands, &c. in the ſaid city of Hereford, which are of the yearly value of 2ol. or thereabouts, by the year, above all charges; all which are holden in fee focage, and not by knight's ſervice or in chief; to have and to hold the faid meſſuages, &c. to the ſaid Governor and Poor of Trinity Hoſpital, and their ſucceſſors, for ever, to be held of the chief Lords of the fee, by rents and ſervices due and accuſtomed. And I the ſaid T.K. do by theſe preſents covenant and grant for me, mine heirs, &c. to and with the ſaid Governor and Poor, &c. that I the ſaid T. K. my heirs, &c. fhall, within three years next, further endow the faid Hoſpital with further and other lands, &c. in fee fimple, ſufficient in every reſpect to pay and diſ- charge all penſions, &c. And I do ordain, conſti- tute, and eſtabliſh that, whenfoever the ſaid Gover- nor, or any one or more of the faid fifteen, ſhall die, or be removed, there ſhall be another, or more, of the poor inhabiting within the pariſhes and pre- cincts of Baſingſtock, Sherfield, and Bromley, in the ccunty of Kent, and of St. Martin's, St. Peter's, -- APPENDIX. 235 All-hállows, St. Owėn's, St. John, and'St. Nicholas, within the faid city; choſen in the plaće of him or them, by mé the ſaid T. K. and my heirs male, ſo as we make ſuch choice within three months after the death of ſuch Governor, &c.; and in de- fect of ſuch choice, then by the Mayor of the ſaid city, and the Aldermen, or by the moſt part of them, within ten days after the three months. And if I the ſaid T. K. ſhall die without iſſue male, then I do ordain that ſuch election ſhall be made by the Mayor of the city of Hereford, and the Aldermen and Common Council, or the moſt part of them, and their ſucceſſors for ever. And I do by theſe preſents conſtitute and ordain, that the faid Governor, &c. ſhall have one chamber in the ſaid Hoſpital, and, out of the rents, &c. 31. os. 8d. yearly, viz. for every week 14d. and each of the others a chamber, and 525. yearly, viz. Is. for every week; the ſame to be paid them at four terms in the year, viz, on the feaſt of the nativity of St. John Baptiſt, the feaſt of St. Michael; the feaſt of the nativity of our Saviour, and the feaſt of Eaſter, by equal por- tions. And I do ordain, that- none ſhall be choſen into the ſaid Hoſpital, buť fuch as ſhall be poor and aged, and of good fame and name. And if ány poor perſon ſhall fortune to deſire the place, proving him or her to be deſcended of my blood or kindred, they then ſhall be preferred thereunto, ſo they be of good" name and honeſt behaviour. . 236 APPENDIX. And I do likewiſe ordain, that if any of the fifteen poor, ſhall haunt taverns, alehouſes, or be a com- mon drunkard, quarreller or ſcold, or live incon- tinently, or, if any of them be proved to beg, filch, or ſteal, then ſuch ſo offending ſhall be by me or my ſaid heirs, and, in our abſence, by the faid Mayor and Aldermen, or the greateſt part of them, diſplaced and removed. Item, I do ordain and eſtabliſh, that each of the ſaid fifteen poor have yearly made ready to their backs, a gown of ſome cloth to be delivered on the eve of the Nativity of Chriſt, the price of the ſaid gown not to exceed 135. 4d. Item, I do ordain that the Governor and reſidue of the ſaid fifteen poor, or more part of them, whereof the Governor to be one, have power to let by indenture any part of the premiſes, excepting the aforeſaid meſſuage appointed for the Hoſpital, by and with the conſent of me and my heirs male, and, for defect of ſuch heirs, by and with the aſſent of the ſaid Mayor for the time being, for twenty- one years, or under, &c. And I will and ordain, that the firſt now elected Governor, and all other the fifteen poor, as alſo every Governor and poor perſon, ſhall, before he be thereunto admitted, take a corporal oath, viz. the Governor before the Mayor of the city of Hereford, and the reſidue before the Governor, for obſerving of the laws, &c. contained in theſe preſents; and ſuch as ſhall hereafter be APPENDIX. 237 made by me and my heirs male, and, in default of ſuch heirs, then by the ſaid Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council, or the more part of them. Item, I do ordain, that the Governor ſhall have the receipt of all the rents, &c. and out of the ſame to pay himſelf, and the reſt their faid allow- ance at the times appointed, and ſuch overplus as ſhall fortune to be, to be put up in the ſaid cheſt, there to be kept for the good of the poor in time convenient, as ſhall be appointed by me, my heirs, &c. Provided always, that if the ſaid Governor fhall keep one ſhilling, or more, of the duties and allowances of the ſaid poor to his own private uſe, more than is already by theſe preſents, or ſhall be hereafter, allotted him, then the ſaid Governor ſhall, ipfo fatto, loſe his place and be removed. Item, I do by theſe preſents ordain, that the faid Governor ſhall once a year, whenfoever he ſhall be thereunto called by me or my heirs male, or by the ſaid Mayor, &c. account before them of all ſums of money by him received; upon pain to loſe his place; and the ſame account yearly to be en- tered into a regiſter book, to be kept for that pur- pofe in the cheſt before mentioned. · And I do by theſe preſents further ordain and reſerve to myſelf, and my heirs male, and, for default of ſuch, to the Mayor and Aldermen of the city of Hereford, full power and authority, upon any juſt and reaſonable cauſe, to remove any of the ſaid Governors or poor, - 238 APPENDIX, &c. and to alter any of the laws, orders; i&ça for the good government of the ſaid Hoſpital and Cors poration, &c. An Extraet from the Will of Mr. WILLIAM PRICE, relative tá the Eſtabliſhment of Price's Hoſpital. In the name of. God, Amen, Noy. 3, 1604, and in the third year of our Sovereign Lord James by the grace. of God King of England, &c, I Wil- liam Price, Citizen and Merchant Tailor of Lon- don; being fick in body, but of perfect, melnory, do make and declare this my preſent will and tel- tament for and concerning the gift, &c. of my lands, &c. hereafter mentioned in manner and form following, i. e. Firſt, whereas I am lawfully ſeized of an eſtate in fee ſimple of and in one meſſuage or tenement with the appurtenances, in Watling- ftreet, London, called or known by the name of the Saracen's Head, and of another meſſuage or tenement in Chelmsford, in the county of Effex, and of a certain tenement and garden in Hungrie- ſtreer, in the city of Hereford---I do now deviſe, &c. to my loving friends John Marden and John Green, Citizens of London, and to Richard Roade, of Totneſs, in the county of Devon, merchant, APPENDIX, 239 + and James Roade, of the city of Hereford, mercer, their heirs, &c. all and every my faid meſfuages, &c. whatſoever (except my meſſuage or tenement wherein the ſaid John Green row dwellech,) upon this truſt, that they ſell away all the ſaid meſſuages, lands, &c. and that out of the monies coming from the ſale of the ſaid meſfuages, l'ands, tenements, &c. they ſhall procure and purchaſe a ſufficient corporation and licence of mortmain for the erect- ing and eſtabliſhing of an Alms-houſe or Alms- houſes, to have perpetual continuance, ſuſtentation and maintenance, in fuch place or places in or near the city of Hereford as well may be, and in: ſuch manner, and for relief of ſuch and ſo many poor perfonsy, and with ſucha penfions and allowances, as by the ſaid John Marden, Jolin Green; Riichard Roade, and Jaines Roadé, or the furvivors of them, or the more part of them, ſhall think "ineet and convenient, according to the laws and ſtatutes of this realm. An Extract of JAMESRoade's Deed of Settlemen on Price's Hoſpital. . This indenture, made the ioth day of July, 1636; between James Roade, of the city of Hereford, Eſq. of the one part, and Hugh Davies, Clerk, James Walwyn,'Henry Hughes, Hugh Huſbands, Rich, ard Wellington, Thomas Smith, Robert Maylard, Richard Corbett, John Evans, William Parfons, 240 APPENDIS. Francis Saunders, William Munkland, and Tho- mas Stilling, all of the ſaid city, of the other part. Whereas William Price, late citizen and mer- chant tailor of London, did by his laſt will and teſ- tament appoint, that John Marden, Richard Roade and James Roade, together with John Green, his executors, ſhould erect an Alms-houſe in or near the city of Hereford; and whereas the ſaid execu- tors have cauſed to be erected, in a ſtreet called the Above-Éigne, one Houſe with a Chapel there- unto adjoining, for the habitation of twelve poor men, and for a Chaplain, ſince the erection of which the ſaid John Marden, Richard Roade, and John Green are deceaſed; now this indenture wit- nefſeth, that the ſaid James Roade hath afligned, limited, and appointed, and doth by theſe preſents aſſign, &c. that the faid Houſe and Chapel ſhall from henceforth remain and continue an Hoſpital for the relief of ſuch twelve poor men as ſhall be of the blood of the ſaid William Price, or ſhall be inhabitants within the faid city for the ſpace of ſeven years, and for the maintenance of a Chaplain to read divine ſervice to the ſaid poor men; and that the ſaid Hoſpital ſhall for ever hereafter be incorporated and named “Price's Hoſpital in the Above-Eigne;" and that the faid Hugh Davies ſhall be the firſt and preſent Chaplain, and the faiạ James Walwyn, &c. the firſt and preſent twelve poor APPENDIX. 241 men of the ſaid Hoſpital. And the above-named Chaplain, and twelve poor men, ſhall be elected in manner hereafter expreſſed, and ſhall be incor- porated, named, and called by the name of “The Chaplain and Twelve Poor Men of Price's Hospital," and ſhall by ſuch name have full power and autho- rity to purchaſe lands, to ſue and be ſued, &c. &c. And that the Mayor of the ſaid city of Hereford, and the ſaid James Roade, during his life-time, and after his deceaſe, the Mayor, ſix Aldermen, and all ſuch of the Common Council as ſhall have been Mayors, ſhall for ever be Governors of the faid Hoſpital. And that the ſaid Mayor and Go- vernors ſhall (as often as the Chaplain or any of the poor men deceaſe, or are removed out of their places), aſſembled in the Chapel of the ſaid Hof- pital, appoint a ſucceſſor in his or their places: and alſo that the ſaid Chaplain and twelve poor men ſhall be ordered, directed, and, upon juſt cauſe, cenſured, ſuſpended, and diſplaced by the ſaid Mayor, &c. And for the perpetual maintenance of the ſaid Chaplain and twelve poor men, &c. the faid James Roade hath given, granted, &c. and by theſe preſents doth give, grant, confirm and con- vey unto the faid Hugh Davies, &c. all that mef- ſuage or Manſion-houſe and Chapel wherein the ſaid twelve poor men do now inhabit, with the gardens thereunto adjoining; and alſo all thoſe meſſuages and lands in the pariſh of Clodock, in . 242 APPENDIX, the county of Hereford, commonly known by the name of Wain Herbert Farm, containing in the whole about ninety-four acres; and alſo all that manfion-houſe or dwelling-houſe of the Rectory or Parſonage of Much Manfel, alias Manſel Lacy, in the faid county of Hereford, and all other houſes, edifices, buildings, gardens, orchards, glebe lands, meadows, leafows, paſtures, commons, &c. belong- ing or in any way appertaining to the Rectory or Parſonage, except one half acre of meadow ground lying in a meadow called Abberley; one half acre of arable land lying in the Weft-field, in Much Manfel; alſo another half acre lying in Weſt-field aforeſaid; and alſo one other acre of arable land in the Lower-field in Much Manſel; near the mill; and alſo all that 'tenement and cloſe of meadow thereunto belonging, lying in a ſtreet called the Mill-ftreet in I.eominſter; one tenement in High- ſtreet; one third-part of a tenement in High-ſtreet in Leominſter aforeſaid; one tenement and garden in the Weſt-ſtreet in Leominſter; one ſtable and garden in the Weſt-ſtreet; one plock of ground of three acres in the pariſh of Leominſter, near the Old Hill, aliąs Cuſno-hill; alſo four acres of arable land in the pariſh of Leominſter aforeſaid, 'in a field called Waterland; to have and to hold all the ſaid premiſes hereby granted, bargained, and ſold, &c. unto the ſaid Hugh Davies, &c. And the faid James Roade doth further ordain; ! APPENDIX. 243 1 that the Chaplain for the ſaid Hoſpital, ſhall have and receive yearly out of the profits of the ſaid lands, 6l. 139. 4d. to be paid quarterly; and that every one.of the ſaid twelve poor men ſhall have and receive monthly ios. 8d, and that the overplus ſhall remain in ſtock for the uſe and benefit of the faid Hoſpital; and that out of the overplus there ſhall be every fourth year, twelve gowns made for the twelve poor men, and that the letters W. P. ſhall be fewed on one of the ſleeves of each of the ſaid gowns, . And that the ſtock of money ſhall be from time to time iſſued, &c. to the repairing of the ſaid Hoſpital; and for ſuch other. uſes con- cerning the ſaid Hoſpital, as by the Governors fhalı be thought fit. And the ſaid Chaplain, &c. ſhall have a common ſeal, whereupon the picture of death's head ſhall be engraven, with this circum- ſcription about the ſame, Price's Hoſpital; where- with the ſaid Chaplain, &c. ſhall ſeal any manner of inſtrument reſpecting the ſaid Hoſpital, &c.; and that the ſaid Chaplain, &c. ſhall have the cuſtody of the ſaid feal, &c. and of all ſuch ftocks of mo- nies, writings, &c. belonging to the faid Hofpital; the coffer to contain which ſhall be kept in the Guildhall of the ſaid city, the Mayor to have the cuſtody of one key, one of the Aldermen a ſecond, and a third to be kept by the Chaplain for the time being. And the ſaid Chaplain ſhall three times in every week read divine ſervice in the ſaid 1 244 APPENDIX. Chapel, and alſo ſhall viſit and comfort the ſick, &c.; and if the ſaid Chaplain ſhall be negligent or remifs in his duty, then he ſhall be cenſured for the firſt offence, have his pay ſuſpended for the fecond, and be diſplaced for the third, by the ſaid Governors, &c. And the ſaid twelve poor men ſhall reſort to the Chapel in their gowns, and ſhall . upon Sundays, Holydays and Lecture days, come in their gowns to the Cathedral Church, and in default be cenſured, ſuſpended, or diſplaced. And that the ſaid twelve poor men ſhall be of good name and fame, and not given to ſwearing and curfing, &c. and ſhall dwell in the ſaid Hoſpital , 'and ſhall not depart thence, or be abſent for the ſpace of three days, without the leave and licence firſt had and obtained from the Mayor and one other of the Governors at leaſt. And laſtly, that the ſaid Chaplain and twelve poor men, &c. ſhall not make any leaſe, grant, &c. without the advice, counſel, direction, and allowance of the faid Go- vernors for the time being. In witneſs, &c. N. B. The annual rents of lands and houſes be- longing to Price's Hoſpital, now amount to 1501. APPENDIX. . 24.5 A SURVEY OF A PARCEL OF LAND, CALLED The BARBICAN, alias the BARGINHAM, LYING AND BEING f WITHIN THE LIBERTIES OF THE CITY OF HEREFORD, IN THE COUNTY OF HEREFORD, Late parcel of the poreſſions of Charles Stuart, late King of England, made and taken by us whoſe names are hereunto ſubſcribed, by virtue of a Commiſſion granted to us by the Honourable the Truſtees appointed by the A&t of the Commons aſſembled in Parliament for ſuch of the Honors, Manors, and Lands heretofore belonging to the late King, Queen, and Prince, under their hands and ſeals. THE BARBICAN---All that piece and parcel of THE ground, with the appurtenances, known by the name of the Barbican, alias the Bargainebam, lying and being within the pariſh of St. John's, within the liberties of the city of Hereford, in the county of Hereford, and adjoining to the Caſtle of Hereford, abutted on the eaſt by a certain common waſhing place, called the Bargaineham; on the ſouth by the river Wye; on the weſt by a certain orchard, commonly called the College Orchard, now belong- ing unto Lieutenant Colonel Rogers; on the north by the old ruinous wall of the Caſtle of Hereford aforementioned; containing per eſtimation forty 246 APPENDIX. perches, more or leſs, which we value to be worth per annum forty ſhillings. Memorandum---That there was a dwelling-houſe upon the ſaid Barbican, but, ſtanding 'fo near the Caſtle of Hereford, was pulled down in the time of the wars, the reſidue of which ſaid ground was then a garden and bowling alley, all which was ruined at the ſame time. Memorandum---The ſaid parcel of ground, called the Barbican, is ſaid to be holden by one Bryant Newton, by virtue of a leaſe granted to him by the city of Hereford; but for as much as no evi- dence was produced to make good the claim of the faid Newton, or of the city of Hereford, al- though ſummoned thereto, and becauſe the ſaid Barbican was given to us in charge, to be ſurveyed, as under a rent to the ſtate of the late Charles Stuart, we return the ſame valued as above. Signed, JEREMIE BAINES, John FISKENN, SAM, COTTMAN. APPENDIX 247 MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT. FROM BROWN WILLIS'S NOTITIA PARLIAMENTARIA. - THE HE City of Hereford is ſaid to have been incorporated by King John. The election of Members of Parliament, which it has ſent ab origine, is in the Citizens and Freemen, in number about one thouſand two hundred, and the Returning Officer the Mayor. Anno 1542-33 Henry VIII. Richard Charncombe ..... Thomas Havarde. 1547-I Edward VI. Thomas Havarde .......... William Barkley. 1552-3-7 Edward VI. Thomas Havarde William Barkley. 1553-I Mary. Sir John Pryſe, Knight ... Thomas Havarde. 1554I Mary. Thomas Heywood ......... Thomas Bromwick. '1554-1 and 2 Philip and Mary. William Smathye .......... Leonard Bowelyn. 1555--2 and 3 Philip and Mary, Hugh Gebons ...............Morgan Owgan (orOwen.) 1557-4 and 5 Philip and Mary. Henry Duddleſton John Gibbs. ! * Of the ancient family of the Barkleys, now of Spetchley, in Worceſterſhire. 24.8 APPENDIX. Anno 1558-9-1 Elizabeth. Thomas Church... 3563-5 Elizabeth. Thomas Webb ............. Henry Green. 1571-13 Elizabeth. James Warnecombe* Thomas Church. 1572-14 Elizabeth. James Warnecombe Gregory Price. 1585--27 Elizabeth. Gregory Price ............... James Ball. 1986-28 Elizabeth. Gregory Price ............. Thomas Jones. 1588-31 Elizabeth. Gregory Price ..... Nicholas Garnons. 1592-35 Elizabeth. Gregory Price ............ Thomas Mailerd. I 1597–39 Elizabeth. Walter Hardman .......... Thomas Jones. 1601-43 Elizabeth. Walter Hardman ... Thomas Jones. 1603-1 James I. Walter Hardman John Hoſkyns. * Of the ancient family of the Warnecombes, now extinct, whoſe reſidence was at the Court of Ivington, near Leominſter, + This Nicholas Garrons is buried in Moreton Church. Over him is a ſtone, inlaid with inſcribed braſs, bearing very curious effigies, with two coats of arms. # This perſon followed the profeſſion of the law, and having obtained great riches, built a very large houſe, on which the fol- lowing rhymes were made- " Within me lies many a fee, “ They made me, I made thee." § This is the ingenious Serjeant Hoſkyns, who entertained King James with the dance of aged people. After his Majeſty APPENDIX. 249 1 * Anno 1614–12 James I. John Hoſkyns '1620-18 James I. John Rodd* Richard Weaver. 1623-21 James I. James Clerk, Knight Richard Weaver. 1625-1 Charles I. , John Scudamore, Bart. Richard Weaver. 1625-I. Charles I. James Clerk Richard Weaver. 1628–3 Charles I. John Scudamore, Kt. & Bart. John Hoſkyns. 1640–15 Charles I. Richard Weavert Richard Seaborne. Majeſty beft Hereford, he reſided in the Caſtle of Ludlow; during that time Sir Job Charlton, a particular friend of the Serjeant's, had the honour of entertaining his Sovereign very frequently at Ludford-houſe. It is related that one David Davis, who died at the great age of 104, a domeſtic of the family, waited on them, and, towards the decline of life, uſed to ſpeak with raptures of the noble gueſts at Ludford, and the true Britiſh conviviality which reigned round the large table, ſtill remaining in the hall of that houſe.—This Serjeant Hoſkyns, once upon a time plead- ing hard to ſtop execution of judgment upon a bond of great penalty, on behalf of his client Nicholas, the Lord Chancellor would not grant his motion, but knocked it off with, Currat lex; “ why then," ſays Serjeant Holkyns, “ Currat Nicholas." * Whoſe ancient manſion-houſe was Foxley. + The reſidence of this ancient family was at Freene's Court, in the pariſh of Sutton. It was of good antiquity, and had very conſiderable eſtates in this county. The Seabornes were tenants to the Knight Hoſpitallers of Dinmore for part of their poſſeſſions both before and after the diffolution. They bore for their arms, barry, wavy of ten pieces argent and azure, over all a lion.ram- pant or. R 250 APPENDIX Anno 1641-16 Charles I. Richard Weaver Richard Seaborne. Edmund Weaver Benet Hofkyns. 1 1654. Benet Hoſkyns 1656. . Wroth Rogers 1658-9. Nathan. Rogers Roger Boſworth, M. D. 1660-Charles II. Robert Boſworth J. Rushworth. 2661. Sir Henry Lingen* ....... Sir Edward Hopton. + * This Sir Henry Lingen was a ſtaunch royaliſt during King Charles's wars with his Parliament, and kept the King a regiment of horſe at Sutton near Hereford, at his own expence, on which account lie was afterwards fined by the Parliament. The following receipt for the firſt payment is now in the poſſeſſion of Mr. Unett, of Sutton Recd. by us Richard Waring and Michael Herring, Trea- “ ſurers of the moneys to be paide into Goldſmith's Hall, of Sir “ Henry Lingein, of Sutton, in the countie of Hereford, Kt. the « ſum of two thouſand pounds, in part of 6342 pounds, for his « firſt and ſecond, being in warre againſt the Parliament, and ſo “ impoſed on him by the Lords and Commons, as a fine for his “ delinquency to the Parliament. We ſay recd. this 28th day “ of May, 1649, in part. - RICHARD WARING, “ MICHAEL HERRING. 66 Sir Henry Lingein hath ſecured by recognizance for pay. "ment of 4342 pounds, being his laſt payment." The following curious memorandum fliews the extreme diſtreſs to which King Charles was reduced for want of money 6 March 22, 1643, what plate was delivered to Henry Lingein, Eſquire, High Sheriffe, upon a privey feale for the loane of 29 APPENDIX 251 Anno-1678. Peter Harford* ......... Paul Foley, 1681. Henry Aubreyt. ........... Paul Foley.. 1683-fames II. Thomas Geers Herbert Aubrey. 1688. Sir William Grevill Paul Foley. 1690-William and Mary, Paul Foley ... Henry Cornwall. 1692-3. Paul Foley Henry Cornwall. 1695. James Morgant Paul Foley. 1698. Paul Foley ... Hon. James Bridges. 170I. Hon. James Bridges ..... Thomas Foley. 1702. Hon. James Bridges Thomas Foley. 1705 Hon. James Bridges Thomas Foley. ... «« pounds lent to his Majeſty-One guilt boule with a cover; and one guilt falte with a cover, and one guilt trencher; falte, " one great filver ſalte; one caudle cupe and cover; one ſilver ſpoone, and one tunne.” * Of the family of the Harfords, of Bofbury, in which church many of this family were buried, under moſt fumptuous inonu. ments, as John Harford, Richard Harford, and John Harford, Knight. . of Of an ancient family, whoſe feat was at Clehonger, a few iniles from Hereford, burnt down within theſe few years, I Lords of the manor of Kinnerſley. 1 252 APPENDIX. . A SINCE THE UNION. Anno 1707---Firſt Parliament, James Bridges Thomas Foley. 1708-Second Parliament. James Bridges Thomas Foley 1710--Third Parliament. James Bridges Thomas Foley. 1713—Fourth Parliament. James Bridges Thomas Foley. 1715-Fifth Parliament. James Viſcount Scudamore* Thomas Foley. Herbert Weſtfailing. 1722-Sixth Parliament. Herbert R. Weſtfailing William Mayo.t James Walwyn. 1727-mm Seventh Parliament. Hon. Marquis of Caernarvon Thomas Geers. 1734-Eighth Parliament. Thos. Foley, jun. Sir John Morgan, Bart. 174.1-Ninth Parliament. Edward Cope Hopton ... Thos. Geers Windford. 1747--Tenth Parliament. Henry Cornwall ........ Daniel Leighton. 1754-Eleventh Parliament. Charles Fitzroy Scudamore ... John Symonds. 1761-Twelfth Parliament. Charles Fitzroy Scudamore John Symonds. 1768—Thirteenth Parliament. John Scudamore ........... Richard Symonds. 1774._ Fourteenth Parliament. John Scudamore Sir Rich.Symonds, Bart. * Died. + Died. APPENDIX. 25:3 + : Anno 1781-Fifteenth Parliament. John Scudamore Sir Rich. Symonds, Bart. 1784-Sixteenth Parliament . John Scudamore Earl of Surrey. Robert Phillippst ........ James Walwyn. 1790-Seventeenth: Parliament. John Scudamore ........... James Walwyn.. 1796-Eighteenth Parliament. John Scudamoret ........... James Walwyn. + Vacated. Took his ſeat for Carliſle. I Died July 4, 1796. 254 APPENDIX, A TABLE CONTAINING THE NAMES OF- THE MAYORS of the CITY of HEREFORD*, From the Seventh Year of the Reign of RICHARD II THE FIRST MAYOR WAS 1395 John Trevie 96 John Trevie 97 Thos. Chipnain 98 Thos. Chipnam HENRY IV. 1382 Thos. Whitfield 83 Henry Catchpoll 84 Henry Catchpoll 85 Rich. Scudamore 86 Rich. Scudamore 87 Rich. Scudamore 88 Richard Falk 89 Rich. Scudamore 90 Thos. Chipnam 91 John Prophet 92 Thos. Whitfield 93 Thos, Whitfield 94 Rich. Scudamore 99 Thos. Chipnam 1400 John Falk 1 John Falk 2 John Falk 3 John Falk 4 John Falk 5 John Mey 6 John Mey 7 John Mey * By ancient cuſtom, the Lord of the Manor of Pencomb has a pair of gilt Spurs, as a heriot from every Mayor of Hereford, who dies within the time of his mayoralty-Vide MS. Blount. APPENDIX. 255 1408 John Mey 9 John Méy 10 John Mëy 11 John Mey I 2 John Falk HENRY V. 13 John Mey 14. John Mey 15 John Mey 16 John Mey 17 John Mey 18 John Mey 19 Walter Mibb 20 Thos. Chipnam 21 John Falk 1435 John Falk 36 Henry Chipnam 37 John Woodward 38 John Mey 39 John Fuſter 40 John Falk 41 John Mey 42 Wm. Berrington 43 Henry Chipnam 44 Nicolas Falk 45 Nicolas Falk 46 John Fuſter 47 Richard Green 48 Maurice Newton 49 John Welford 50 John Fuſter 51 John Chipnam 52 John Chipnam 53 John Fuſter 54 Maurice Newton 55 Richard Green 56 John Chipram 57 John Chipňam 58 John Chipnam 59 John Chipnam 60 Maurice Newton EDWARD Ív. 61 John Vintener 62 Thomas Breinton HENRY VI. 22 John Fäll 23 John Mey 24 John Mey 25 John Mey 26 John Mey 27 John Mey 28 John Mey 29 John Mey 30 George Breinton 31 George Breinton 32 George Breinton 33 George Breinton 34 John Fuſter 250 APPENDIX, 1463 James Mey 64 John Naſh 65 Thomas Breinton 66 John Barton 67 Oliver Cornwall 68 John Fowler 69 Geo. Monington 70 Thomas Breinton 71 Geo. Monington 72 John Walford 73 John Parſons 74 Thomas Brintes 75 Thomas Mey 76 John Teylowe 77 Thos. Bromwitch 78 Geo. Monington 79 John Barton 8o Thomas Mey 81 John Parſons 82 Philip Scudamore 1489 Thomas Mey 90 John Chipnam 91 Thomas Draper 92 John Teylowe 93 John Wall 94 Robert Gibbs 95 Robert Gibbs 96 John Teylowe 97 Roger Gibbs 98 Roger Gibbs 99 Rich. Bromwitch 1500 James Mey i Henry Chipnam 2 Richard Brown 3 William Wall 4 John Bruggs 5 Henry Chipnam 6 Roger Beale 7 Robert Gibbs - 8 Wm. Bayniham EDWARD V. HENRY VIII. RICHARD III. 83 John Chipnam 84. John Barton HENRY VII. 9 Richard Phillips 10 Rich. Bromwitch 11 John Wall 12 Thomas Gibbons 13 George Bonner 14 Thomas Gibbons 15 Thomas Gibbons Į6 Richard Phillips 85. Thomas Mey 86 John Chipnam 87 Philip Glover 88 Robert Berington APPENDIX. 257 1 1517 Robert Gibbs 18 Richard Phillips SRoger Beale 19{Richard. Brown 20 Richard Phillips 21 Robert Gibbs 22 William Synough 23 Thomas Gibbons 24 Richard Phillips 25 Rich. Warncomb 26 Thos. Gibbons 27 John Harbert 28 Thomas Haward 29 John Cantercellie 30 Thomas. Gibbs 31 Hugh Walſh 32 Richard Phillips 33 Thomas Gibbons 34 John Meredith 35 Thomas Gibbons 36 Thomas Granger 37 Hugh Walth 38 Thomas Gibbons 39 Thomas Haward 40 Rich. Warncomb 41 Hugh Meredith 42 Thomas Gibbs 43 William Barklie 44. Hugh Walth 1545 Lewis ap Price 46 Thos. Bromwitch EDWARD VI. 47 Rowland Rees 48 John Warncomb 49 John Phillips 50 Hugh Meredith .51 Wm. Rawlings 52 Thomas Haward QUEEN MARY. 53. Wm. Smoothie PHILIP AND MARY. 54 Hugh Walſh 55 John Keere 56.John Haward 57 Wal. Carwardine 58 Rich. Partridge QUEEN ELIZABETH. 59 Thomas Webb 60 John Maylord 61 John Gibbs 62 Henry Dutſon 63 Thomas Church 64 John Maylord 65. Wm. Rawlings 66. John Barklie 67 John Maylord 68 Bevis Cartwright 69: Wm. Jeffres 258 APPENDIX, I 1570 William Bennett .:71 Jas. Warncomb 72 James Boyle 73 Gregory Price -74John Maylord 75 Rich. Warncomb -.76. Gregory. Price 77. Rich. Bromwitch :7:8 Jas. Warncomb 79 James Boyle 8o Walter Hurdman 8 1 John Barklie 82 Thomas Davies 83 James Boyle 84 George Hurdman 85 William Maylord 86 Thomas Church 87 Paul Philpotts 88 William Garnons 89 Richard Perrot Edward Walford 9:1 Thomas Maylord 92: William Webb 93. Bartholi Edwards 94. William Boyle 95 Bryan Newton 96 John Carwardine 97 Gregory Price 98. Edward Rawlings 1599 Rich. Ravenhill 1600 James Smith i Thomas Clarke 2 Walter Hurdman JAMES I. 3. John Midfon. 4 John Marden 5 James Ruffel 6 Wm..Whitlack 7 Wm. Carwardine 8 Thos. Stephens 9 John Syrill 10 Thomas Crump II George Smith 12 Thos. Williams 13 Walter Morris 14 Roger Philpott 15 James Smith 16 James Rodd 17 Philip Symonds 18 John Clarke 19 J. Wellington 20 John Chyne 21 James Lane 22 Philip Traherne 23 William Cooper 24 Thomas Alderne 1 go CHARLES I. 25 Richard Veynall 1 APPENDIX. 259 ? 16.26 James Lawrence 27 Richard Weaver 28 Jas. Carwardine 29. Richard Evans 30 Jonas Meredith 31 Richard Edwyns 32 Thos. Curthoiſe 33 Anth. Pembruge 34 Walter Wall 35 Richard Philpots 36-Thomas Church 37 Thos. Symonds 38 Henry. Mellinge 39 James Barroll 40 Edmund Aſton 41 David Bowen 42 William Price $ Thos. Rogers 43{Philip Traherne 44 John Cooper 45 William Cater 46 William Phillips 47 Richard Philpots ŞEdward King Thos. Seaborne CHARLES II. 49 Thos. Seaborne 50 John Powell 51 John Lewis 1652. Thomas Bend 53 Jerome Addis 54 Richard Lyde 55 Roger Meredith 5.6 James Smith 57 Thomas Paynard 5,8 William Lane 590 John Hill, 60 Thomas Davies 6:1 James Lawrence 62 Thomas Holmes 63 William Edwin 64 Robert Symonds 65 James Ely: 66. Hugh Rodd 67. John Smith 6:8: J. Wellington 69 John Rawlings 70. Richard Wadeley 71 Thomas Clarke 72 John Williams SJohn Philpott 73 Hugh Rodd 74 Thos. Symonds 7.5. Henry Caldicott 76 Abraham Seward 77 Thos. Mathews 78 Rich. Williams 79 James Price 1 48 11 1 1 260 APPENDIX. 1 ....i 3 1680 John Cooke : : : 81 Richard Gower 8:2 Thomas Clarke :.83 Herb: Weſtfaling 84 Simon Traunter JAMES 11. 85 Griffith Reignolds 86 Thomas Sinith 87 John Williams Thos. Holmes . 88 0:00 Thos. Clarke WILLIAM III. & MARY. 89 Henry Smith 90 Gabriel Blyke 91 Richard Poole 92 Thomas Church 93 John Abrahall 94 John Morſe WILLIAM 111. 95 Jona Taylor 96: Thos. Alderne 97 BridſtockHarford 98 Rich. Baynham 99 James Lane 1700 George Green ... I Adam Wiggins : . QUEEN ANNE. 12 Chas. Carwardine 3. Richard Hankins Cave Woodhouſe 1705 William Wadeley 6 Wm. Symonds 7 Robert Clayton 8 Philip Scandret 9-William Maddox 10 Thomas Bailey II Thomas Barrow 12 Philip Symonds 13 Benjamin Philips GEORGE j. 14 T. Witherſtone 15 Thomas Paynard 16 Thos. Symonds 17 Thos. Traunter 18 Thos: Ruffel 19 Thos. Church 20 Thos. Smith 21 Richard Poole 22 John Baynham 233 235William Jones Wm: Maddox 24 John Hunt. 25 Thos. Williams 26 James Hunt GEORGE II. 27 Philip Symonds 28 Thomas Ford 29 Theophilus Lane 30 Charles Mayo 31 Thos. Sandford APPENDIX. 261 1757 Joſiah Clark 58 John Medley 59 Price Clutton GEORGE III.“ 1732 Thomas Williin 33 Robert Ravenhill 34 William' Holmes 35 James Symonds 36 Joſeph Trumper 37 William Rowley 38 Edmund Thomas 39 Thomas Croft 40 James Brotherton 41 James Lord 42 Wm. Stephens 43 William Maddox 44 Thomas Seaborn 45 John Cam 46 George Hipkiſs 47 Wm. Ravenhill 48 Robert Symonds 1760 Richard Moor 61 John Wood 62 Thos. Church 63 Francis Campbell 64 Arnold Barroll 65 William Chinn 66 John Gwillim 67 Thomas Mayo 68 Edward Cox 69 Stephen Sandford 70 William Barrow 71 George Terry 72 Iſaac Skyrme 73 William Bird 74 John Cain 75 George Hayward 76 Lacon Lambe 77 Thos. Gomond 78 John Powles 79 John Seaborne 80 Charles Cooke 81 Joſeph Perrin 82 Wm. Ravenhill 83 James Holland 84 William Holmes 49Rob. Scandrett James Symonds 50 William Chinn 51 James Terry S (Edm. Thomas 53 Thos. Gomond 54 William Holmes 55 Cave Woodhouſe Tohn Cook 56 Jas. Brotherton Wm. Maddox si 262 APPENDIX. 1785 John Whitmore 8.6 William Taylor 87 Rich. Hardwick 88 John Palmer 89 Robert Hathway 99 Benj. Maddy 1791 Peter Dickins 92 Francis Hayard - 93). Matthews,D.D. 94. Jariñes Hereford 95 John Ireland THE END ) 14 632 AA A 30 70 THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN GRADUATE LIBRARY DATE DUE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 3 9015 06302 4445 - 使 ​