படி 1817 ARTES SCIENTIA LIBRARY VERITAS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN DDDDD SEPULUS UN TUEBOR SE QUERIS PENINSULAM AMENAM CIRCUMSPICE SI/2.319 SUBUH00.5W MUSEUM Musim QK 99 .cat 1770 1 THE Engliſh Phyſician EN LA R G E D With Three Hundred and Sixty-Nine MEDICINES, M A DE OF Engliſh Herbs, That were not in any Impreſſion until This.. BEING An Aſtrologo-Phyſical Diſcourſe of the Vulgar Herbs of this Nation; containing a compleat Method of Phyſick, whereby a Man may preſerve his Body in Health, or cure himſelf, being Sick,for Three-pence Charge, with ſuch Things only as grow in England, they being moft fit for Engliſh Bodies. Herein is alſo fhewed theſe Seven Things, viz. 1. The Way of making Plaiſters, Ointments, Oils, Poultices, Syrups, Decoctions, Juleps, or Waters, of all Sorts of Phyſical Herbs, that you may have them ready for your Uſe at all Times of the Year. 2. What Planet governeth every Herb or Tree (uſed in • Pbyfick:) that groweth in England. 2. The Time of gathering all Herbs, both Vulgarly and Aftrologically 4. The Way of drying and keeping the Herbs all the Year. 5. The Way of keeping their Juice ready for Uſe at all Times. 6. The Way of making and keeping all kinds of uſeful Conpounds made of Herbs. 4. The Way of mixing Medicines according to the Cauſe and Mixture of the Diſeaſe and Part of the Body allieted. ar By NICH. CULPEPPER, Gent. STUDENT in Phyſick and Aſtrology. LONDON: Printed for F. BALLARD, L. HAwes and Co. W. JOHNSTON, R.BALDWIN, S. CROWDER, B. LAW, C. and R. WAQE, M. RICHARDSON, W. STRAHAN, and W. NICOLL. 1770. asioirit dhe 3-33-37 A Mercury Sun 25 An Alphabetical TABLE of all the HERBS and PLANTS in this BOOK; as alſo what PLANET governeth every one of them. Mara dulcis, it is under Af-tree, is governed by the Page 1 All Heal, it is under the Domi- Avens, is under Jupiter nion of Mars, 3 Arum, fee Cuckow-pint, it is Alkanet, it is under the Domi- ander Mars ICY nion of Venus 4. Alecoft, Jee Cuſtomary, it is une Albufa, ſee Alkanet, Venus der Jupiter 99 Owns it ibid. Aparine, ſee Cleaver, it is 1:1- Adders Tongue, it is under the der the Moon 92 Moon in Cancer 5| Acanthus, fee Brank Urfine, un- Agrimony, it is under Jupiter, der the Moon 53 and the Sign Cancer -6 Ammi & Ammios, ſee Billbop's Water Agrimoni, it is under Ju- rweed, under Venus 44 piter, and the Sign Cancer 8 B Alehoof, is under Venus 9 Balm is an Herb of Jupiter 27 Alexander, or Aliſander, it is Barbary is under Mais 29 under Jupiter 10 Barley, it is a notable Plant of Black Alder-Tree, it is under Saturn 30 Venus Garden Bafil, or ſweet Eaſil, it Common Alder-Tree, it is under is an Herb of Mars, and un- Venus 13 der the Sign Scorpio 30 Angelica, it is under the Sun The Bay-tree is a Tree of the in Leo ibid. Sun under the Sign Leo 31 Amaranthus, it is under the Beans are under Venus 33 Dominion of Saturn 15 French Beans belong to Ven. 34 Anemone, is under Mars 16 Ladies Bedſtraw, it is under Garden Arach, is under the Venus 35 Moon 17 Beets, the red under Saturn, & Ar ach, wild and ſtinking, it is the white under Jupiter 36 under the Dominion of Ven. Water Betony,called alſo brown and the Sign Scorpio wort, ad Biſhop's Leaves, it Archangel, red, white, yellow, is an Herb of Jupiter 37 they are under Venus 19 Wood Betony', it is appropriated Arſmart, and Dead-Arfmart, to Jupiter and the Sign A- it is under Saturn, and the ries other Sorts under Mars 21 Beech Tree, it is under Sat. 41 Aſarabacca is under Mars 22 Bilberries ere under Jupiter ib. Ajparagus,and prickly Sparagus Bifoyl is a Plant of Sat. 42 they are under Jupiter 24 Birch-Tree is under Venus 43 A2 Buras 18 38 A TABLE of the HERBS; Birds-foot belongs to Saturn 431 Brimſtone-wort, fee Sow Fena Biſhops-weed, or Bulwort, is nel, an Herb of Mercury 133 under Venus 44 Barba-aron, fee Cuckow-point, Biſtort is under Saturn 45 it is under Mars 107 One-blade is an Herb of the Buffiners and Butter-Flowers, Sun 47 fee Crowfoot, it is under The Brumble or Black-berry buſh Mars 106 a Plant of Ven. in Aries 48 Balſam-Herb, fee Coftmary, it Blites are under the Dominion is under Jupiter 99 of Venus 49 Bulls-foot, ſee Colts-foot, it is Borage and Buglofs, are under under Venus 95 Jupiter 50 Pleſed Thiſtle, fee Cardaus Be- Blue-bottle and Blue-blow, is nediétus, it is under Mars 73 under Saturn 51 Bipennula, fee Burnet, it is un- Brank-urſine, and Bears-breech der the Sun 62 are under the Moon 52 Baſtard Agrimony, fee Water- Briony is under Mars 53 Agrimony,it is under Jupiter8 Brook- lime is under Mars 54 с Butchers-broom and Bruſcus, is Cabbages and Coleworts, are under Mars 56 Herbs of the Moon 66 Broom and Broom-rape are un- The Sea Colewort, the Moon der Mars 57 owns it 67 Bucks-horn Plantane, is under Calamint or Mountain Mint, is Saturn 59 an Herb of Mercury 68 Bucks-horn is under Saturn 60 Camomill is under the Sun 69 Bugles, or brown Bugles, is Water-Caltrops, or Caltrops,are under Venus ib. under the Government of the Burnet, is an Herb of the Sun 61 Moon 71 Butter bur,an Herb of theSun 63 Campions-wild, are under the Burdock is an Herb of Ven. 64 Sun ib. And is alſo called Barden Carduus Benedictus, is an Herb and Clother of Mars 73 Bitte--ſweet, ſee Amara-dulcis, Carrots, are under Mercury 74 it is under Mercury 1 Carraway,is underMercury 75 Spaniſh - Bugloſs, ſee Alkanet, Celandine, is an Herb of the Venus owns it 4 Sun 76 Bruiſe-wort, ſee Sopewort, it is The leſer Celandine is under under Venus 314 Mars Bare-foot, ſee black Hellebore, The ordinary ſmall Centaury is is under Mars 169 an Herb of the Sun 79 Bald money, fee Gentian, it is The Cherry-Tree, is a Tree of under Mars 1491 Venus 81 78 Winter As alſo what PLANET governeth them. nus 236 85 196 118 Winter Cherry, a Plant of Venus 82 Champetys, ſee Ground pine, it is une Chervil, Cerefolium, is under Jupiter der Mars 275 83 Callians, fee Orcbis, it is under Ve- Cbeſnut-tree is under Jupiter, 84 Sweet Chervil and ſweet Cicely are Catmint, ſee Nep, it is under Venus under Jupiter ibid. 237 Earth Cheſnuts and Ciper- nuts are Cuckow-Flowers, ſee Ladies-ſmock, the under Venus Moon governs it. 189 Chickweed, under the Moon. ibid Chriſtmas Herb, ſee black Hellebore, it Chick-praje, or Cicers, is under Venus is under Saturn 86 Call me to you, ſee Heart's eaſe, it is Cinquefoil is an Herb of Jupiter 87 under Saturn 159 Cives, Chives, and Chivet, is under Cranes-bill, ſee Dove's-foot, it is un- Mars 89 der Mars, Clary, or clear Eyes, is under the M.90 Crop, ſee Dannel, it is under Saturn. Wild Clary, or Chriſt's Eye, is under 112 ibe Moon 91 Middle Confound, and middle Comfrey Clevers and Clavers, are under tbe or Herb Carpenter, fee Bugle, un- Moon 93 der Venus бо Clowns Woundzwort, is under Saturn. Corn-flowers, fee Blue-bottle, it is ibid. under Saturn SI Cock's Head is under Venus 94 Cummin-Royal, and Fthiopian Cum- Columbines is under Venus 95 min Seed, for both fee bijh.p's-weed, Coltsfoot or Cougkwort is uuder V.ibid. it is under Venus. Comfrey is an Herb of Saturn, ibid. Clovewort, ſee Avens, it is under Ju- Coralwort is under the Moon 98 piter 26 Cudweed, or Cotton-weed; alſo it is Catsfoot, ſee Aeboof, it is under called Chaff-weed, Dwarf-cotton, Venus 9 and Petty-cotton, 'is an Herb ofi D Venus 10CfDaiſi s, are gooerried ly Venus, and Cowfi/s are under Venus under the Sign Cancer Crabs-claws are under Venus 102 Dandelion is under Jupiter Black Crefies are under Mars. 103 Darnel is under Saturn Sciatica Crelſes are under Saturn 104 Dill is under Mercury 113 Water Crelles are under the Moon ib. Devil's Bit is under Venus Croſſwort is under Saturn 105 Docks are under Jupiter Crowfoot is an Herb of Mars 106 Dodder of Thyme, and other Dodders, Cuckuwpint, or Pintle, or Calvesfoot, are under Saturn 116 is under the Dominion of Mars 107 Dog's-graſs is under Jupiter 117 Cucumbers, or Cowcumbers, they are Dove's-foot is a Martial Plant 118 governed by the Moon 109 Duck's meat, Cancer claims the Herb, Ceteracb, ſee Spleenwort, Saturn owns and the Moon will be Lady of it. it. 319 119 Carpenters Herb, ſee Self-beal, it is Down or Cotton Thill, is under under Venus 310 Mars Cummock, fee Reſt-barrow, it is Dragons is a Plant of Mars ibid. under the Dominion of Mars 275 Great round leaved Dock, or Baftard- Gurn Roſe, ſee Poppy, under the Moon. Rbubarb, it is under Mars 287 263'There is a Dock called Garden Pa- IO 110 TIT II2 114 115 120 tience A TABLE of the HERBS; 102 87 tience, or Monks Rbubarb, it is un-, I'lixteeed is under Saturn 141 der Mars 286 Fluellin, or Lluellini, is a Lurar Herb. Dyer's Weed, ſee Wold and Weld, it 143 is under Mars 351 Foxglove is under Venus 145 Dittander, ſee Pepper-wort, Mars Fumitory is under Saturn 146 owns it. The Furz-buſh is under Mars 147 Dog's fiones, ſee Orck is under Venus, Fool ftones, Jee Orchis under Venus 236 236 Feap-berry, ſee Goofberry, it is under Dewberry-buſh, ſee Gooſeerry - Buf), Venus 256 it is under Venus 156 Felwort, ſee Gentian, it is under Drop-wort, ſee Filipendula, it is un- Mars 146 der Venus 135 Frogs-foot, ſee Crows foot, it is under Dentaria, fee Coral-wort, it is under Mars ICE the Moon 98 Freſh-water Soldier, fee Crals claws, it is under Venus. Dragon-wort, ſee Biffort, under Sa- turn 45 Foal foot, ſee Colts foot, under Venue Dogs Arrach, and Goats Arrach, fie 95 Arrach zuild and finking, it is in Five fingered, or fre leaved Groſs, it der tbe D12 of Venus 18 is an lleb of Jupiter, Fig-wort, fie the leſer Celandine, it is Elder tree is under Venus I21 undir Mars 78 Ile Dzarf-Elder is under Venus ib. Flower-gentle, Flower-Felure, Flori- E-tree is : der Saturn 123 mun, und Velvet Fiozer, fee Ama- Endive is under Venus 1222 ranthus, it is under Saturn 15 Elicamtane is under Mercury 125 G Eringo is a veneral Plant 126 Gentian is under Mars Eye-bright, the Sun claims Dominion Clove Gillifowers are under the Do- over it, and is under the Lion 1281 minion of Jupiter 1. Epitbirum, fee Dodder of Thyme, it Germander is under Mercury 151 is under Saturn 116 Stinking Glodwin is under Saturn Earth-nuts, fee Earth-Chefruts, they 152 ar under Venus 85 Golden Rod. Venus claims it. 153 Engliſh Serpeniary is under Saturn, Gout. zort, or Herb Gerard, Saturn fee Bifort rules it 15+ Eupatorium, ſee Water Agrimony, it Gromwell, three Sorts, are under Ve- is under Jup ter 8 10 F Goofberry-buſh, is under Venus Fern is under Mercury 129 Winter green i under Saturn 157 Water-Fern is under Saturn 130 Grounſel is undir Venus 158 Ptatkerfiw is under Venus ibid. Garden Patience, ſee Monks Rbubarb, Fennel is an Herb of Mercury, and under Mars 286 undir Virgo 132 Coat-fionis, fee Orcbis, under Venus Scw Fennel and Hogs Fernel, are Herbs 236 of Mercury 133 Gofts, ſee the Furz buſh, under Mars 7 gwo t is unde Venus Fripravia is under Venus 15 Quick-grafs, or Couch-graſs, ſee Dogs- The Fig-tr. e is under Jupiter 136 grafs, under Jupiter I17 Tle yellow Water-flag, or Flwer-de God Knobs, Gold Cups, fee Crow- luce, is under the Mon 137 foot, under Mars IC6 Flaawced is tender Mais 138 Goofe graſs, or Gooſe-nare, ſee Clea. Ileanart is wider Saturn vers undir the Moon Ground 149 45 nus 136 134 147 139 52 As alſo what PLANET governeth them 116 ΙΟ Ground-nuts, fee Earth Cheſnuts, un- | Horſe-boof, fee Colts-foot, is uder der Venus, 85 Venus. 95 Gill-go-by Ground, and Gill-creep-by Holy Tbifile, ſee Carduus Benedictus, is Ground, fee Ale-boof, it is under under Mars, Venus, 9 Harts-born, Herba Stella, Herba Stel- Η. laria, Herb Eve, and Herb Ivy, fee Hercules All-beal, ſee All-beal, Mars Buckthorn, is under Saturn 90 barb tbe Dominion thereof. 3 Heart-fickle , ſee Blue-bottle, is under Hercules Wound-wort, ſee All-beal, Saturn. 51 Mars bath the Dominion tberenf. Herb-William, ſee Biſhops-weed, is ibid. undi, Venus. 44 Hearts-eaſe, is Saturnine, 159 Herb Bennet, lee Avins, is under Ju. Herb of the Trinity, fee Hearts-eafe, piter. 8 under Saturn. ibid. Horfe- Parfey, ſee Alexand.r, is under Hartick oaks are under Venus. Jupiter Hearts-tongue is under Jupiter. 150 Haymaids, ſee Alekof, it under Ju- Hazel-nut is under Mercury. 161 piter. 8 Hawk-weed is own'd by Saturn. 162 Hepatorium, ſee Water Agrimony, is Hatut born is under Mars. 162 under jupiter, 9 Hemlock is under Saturn. 164 Baſtard Hemp, fie Water-Agrimony, is Hemp is under Saturn. 165 under Jupiter. ibid. Henbane is under Saturn. 166 Water-Hemp is under Jupiter. ibid, Hedge Hy jop is under Mars. 168 J. Black Hellebore is an Herb of Sat. 169 St. Yohn's-wort is under the Sun, and Herb Robert is und Venus. 170 tbe Sign Leo. 179 Herb Truelove is under Venus. 171 Ivy is under Saturn. 181 Hylop is under Jupiter. 172 Juniper-bufo is a Solar Herb 182 Hops are under Mars. 173 St. James wort, Jee Rag-wort, is un- Hrebound is under Mercury, 174 der Venus. 272 Horfe tail is under Sa urn. 177 Juray, ſee Darn:lis under Saturn. 112 Honfleeks are under lupiter 175 Farus, fie Cuckowu-point, under M. 107 Ibunds-tongue is under Mercury. 173 Ground-Ivy, ſee Ale-bsoj, is under Holly, Holm, or Hulver. buſh, is under Venus. 9 Saturn, 179 K. Honey-fuckles, ſie Meadow Trefoil, is Kidney-wort is under Venus. 8 under Mercury 356 Knapweed is under Saturn, 135 Honry-fuckle, fie Wood-bine, is under Knotgraſs is under Saturn, 186 Mercury. 340 King's Clover, fee Melilot. Small Ho: fleck, ſee Stone-crop, is under Knight's Pound-wort, fee Crab-clews, the Moon. 324 is under Venus. Heart tree-foyl, is under the Sun. 341 Knee-holm, Knee-kolly, Knee-bulver, Heliotropium, ſee Turnfole, is under the ſee Butcher's-broom, under Mer. 56 Sun. mer 339 L. Hook-beal, ſee Self-heal, is under Ve- Ladies-Mantle is governed by Venus. 310 187 Horſe-Rhadiſ, ſee Rhadih, is under Lavender, Mercury owns it. 188 Mars. 271 Lavender Cotton, Mercury governs it. Herb Trvo-pence, ſee Money-wort, is 189 under Venus 217 Ladies-ſmocks, the Moon governs it. Horſe-firange, and Hore-forong, ſie ibid. Hour Fennel, is under Mercury. 133 Lettuce, the Moon owns it. 190 A 4 210 102 nus. Wster- A TABLE of the HERBS; 221 226 Venus. 83 10 Water-Lilly, wbite and yellow, are Mifelto is under the Sun. 216 under the government of the Moon. Momey-wort, Venus orons it 217 191 Moon-wort, the Moon owns il. 218 Lilley of the Valley, Conval Lilly, Molfes, Saturn owns them. 219 May-Lilly, and Lilly Confancy, Mother wort, Venus owns it. 220 are under Mercury. 192 Mouſe-ear, the Moon owns it. White Lillies are governed by the Mugwort is under Venus, 223 Moon. 193 Mulberry-tree, Mercury rules it. 224 Liquorice, Mercury governs it. ibid. Mullein, Saturn owns it. 225 Liver-wort is under Jupiter. 191 Muſtard is governed by Mars. Looſe-fitrife is under the Moon. 195 Hedge-Mufiard, Mars owns it. 228 Looſe-frife, with ſpiked beads of Meadow Trefoil is under Merc. 340 Flowers, is an Herb of the Moon, ib. Mithridate muſtard, ſee Treacle-mu- Lovage is an Herb of the Sun. 197 Aard, under Mars. 333 Lung-wort is en Herb of Jupiter. 198 Meadow-ſweet or Mead-ſweet, sve Love in Idleneſs, ſee Heart's-Eaſe, under Venus. 268 under Saturn. 159 Medick.fetch, ſee Cock's-bead, under Lecker's Goulons, fee Crowfoot, under 94 Mars. 106 Myrrhis and Myrrba, ſee Cbervil, Loppa Major, fee Burdock, under under Jupiter. Venus. 164 Macedonian Parſley-feed, ſee Alexan- Ladies Seal, ſee Briony, a Martial der, under Jupiter. Plant, 53 N. Langue-de-beuf, ſee Borage and Bug- Nail-word. 229 loſs, under Jupiter. 50 Nep Carmint is under Venus. 230 M. Nettles are under Mars. 291 Moral, ſee Amara dulcis, under Mer- Nightſhade is under Saturn. 23% cury. 1 Dead Nettles, fee Archangel, tbe tbrce Alud.er is an Herb of Mars. 1981 forts under Venus. 19 Maider-Hair or Wall-rue, and ordi- 0. mary wbite Maid. -bair, is an Herb The Oak, Jupiter cons it. 134 of Mercury. 235 Golden Maider- bair is an Herb of One-blade is an Herb of the Sun. ib. Mercury 201 Orcbis 18 under Venus. 32-6 Mallows and Marſoniellows are both Onions are under Mars. ib. governed by Venus. ibid. Orpine, the Moon owns it. 237 Maple-tree is under Jupiter. 204 Orgains, Origanum, fee wild Mar- Wild Marjoram, Baſtard Marjoram, joram, under Mercury. 209 and Grove Marjoram, are under One-berry, Herb True love, is ander Mercury. 205 Venus. 71 Sweet Marjeram is an Herb of Mer-Oſmond-Royal, ſee Water-Fern, under cury. ibid. Suturn. 130 Marigolds are Herbs of the Sun. 207 0x tongue, ſee Bugloſs, under Jupiter. Mafter wort is an Herb of Merc. ib. SO Srveet Maudlin an Herb of Jup. 208 Oyſter-loit, ſee Biſtort, under Sat. 45 The Medlar is under Saturn. 209 Orack and Oragi, ſee Garden Arrach, Melilot or King's Clower, is under under the Moon. 17 Mercury. 210 Opoponax-wort, ſee Al-heal, Mars French Mercury and Dogs Mercury owns it. 3 are under Venus. 211 Orchenet, ſee Alkanet, Venus owns Min is en Herb of Venus. 213 Parſley 1 199 Oats. 4 As alſo what PLANET governeth them. 56 21 TO LIO 234 255 P. Pettigree, fee Eutckers Broom, under Parſley is under Mercury 2:8 Mars, Parſley-piert, or Parſley Breakftone, Paſſions, fee Billo t, under Saturn. 45 240 Porticaria, or Peach-zert, cr Plum- Parſvip is under Venus ibid. bago, ſee Arfmart, under Saturn Cow Parſnip is under Mercury 241 and Mars. Peach trie belongs to Venus Black Por Herb, ſee Alexander, under Pellitory of Spain is under Mercury. Jupiter. 245 Wild Parſley, ſee Alexander, under Pellitory of the Wall, Mercury owns Jupiter. ibid. 246 Panacea, ſee All beal, Mars own15. 3 Penny-royal, Venus oruns it, 248 Peony Maſculine and Feminine, the Sun e owns them. 250 Queen of the Meadows, Meadow- Pepper-wort is a Martial Herb. 251 Sweet or Mead-ſweet, Venus claims Feriwinkle, Venus owns it. 252 them, 268 St. Peter's-wort, under the Sun, 253 Quince-tree, Saturn owns it, Pimpernel is a Solar Herb. Ground-pine, Mars owns it. R. Plantane is under Venus 237 Rbadiſh and Horſe-Rbadiſh are under Plumbs are under Venus, 259 Mars. 273 Polypody of the Oak is an Herb of Ragwort is under Venus. 272 Saturn. 260 Rattle graſs, rid and yellow, łoth are T'be Poplar-free is under Saturn 262 under the Dominion of tbe Moon, Poppy white and black, and the wild 273 Poppy cr Corn-roſe, obe Moon rules. Reft-Harrow, or Cammock, are under 2631 the Dominion of Mars. 274 Purſain is under the Moon 266) Rocket is under the Dominion of Mars. Primroſes are under Venus. 276 Polvet, the Moon rules it. 268 Winter-Rocket, or Winter Croſs, is un- Park-leaves, ſee Tutſan, under the der Venus, 277 Moon. 524 Red Rofes are under Jupiter; Damaſk Prick Madam, ſee Stone-crop, under Roſes are under Venus; White Roſes the Moon. ibid, are under the Moon. ibid. Prunel, ſee Self-beal,under Venus. 310 Rofa-ſolis, or Sun-dew, the Sun rules Panſy, ſee Heart's-eaſe, under Saturn. 159 Roſemary, the Sun governs it. Piſs-a-bed, ſee Dandelion, under Ju- Rhubarb or Rbaphontick, Mars claims piter. the Rule over it. 285 Prieſt-pintle, ſee Cuckow.pint, under Garden Patience, or Monk Rhubarb, Mars. 107 and great round-leaved Dock, or Poults, fee Crowfoot, under Mars 106 Baſtard Rhubarb, Mars governs Peagles, fee Cowſhips,under Venus, 101 them. 286 Pig-nut, ſee Earth Cheſnuts, under Meadow Rue. 289 Venus, 85 Garden Rue is an Herb of the Sun ar.d Pile-wort, ſee the lefſer Celandine, un- under Le 290 der Mars. 78 Rupture-wort is Saturnine. 292 Petafitis, fee Butter-bur, under the Ruſhes are under Saturn. 293 Sun. 63 Rye. 294 Pimpinella, ſee Burnet, under the Sun. Ramp ard Wake Robin, ſee Cuckowa 62 pint, under Mars 107 Red 267 it. 232 283 IIZ A TABLE of the HERBS; 328 nus Red-Faching, ſee Cockhead, un- Strawberries Venus owns 32r der Venus 94 Sacco y Jupiter rules 322 Ruſh-Leeks, ſee Cives, under Stone-crop, ſmall Hcuflcek, is Mars ibid. under the Moon 324 Ruſcus, ſee Butchers Broom, un- Septfuil, ſee Tormentil, under der Mars 56 the Sun 327 S Silverword, ſee WildTanfy, ut- Saffron is an Herb of the Sun 294 der Venus Sage is an Herb of Jupiter 295 Staggerwort,and Stammerwo t Wood Sage is under Venus 297 and Segrum, ſee Regwort, ::lomon's Seal, Saturn owns the under Venus 272 Plant 208 Satyrion, fee Orchis, under Ve- Samphire is an Herb of Jup. 299 236 Sanicle is an Herb of Venus 300 Sengreen, fee Houſleek,un. Ju. 177 Saracens Confound, or Saracens Setter-wort and Setter-grafs,fee Wound-wort,Sat.governs 30 1 BlackHellebore,under Sat. 160 Sawce alone,or Jackbythe Hedge, Sulphur-wo-t, ſee Sow-fennet, is an Herb of Mercury 302 under Mercury 133 Winter and Summer Savory Sea holly, fee Eingo, under Mercury governs them 303 Venus 126 Savin Mars cwns . 304 Starck-wort, ſee Cuckowpint The common white Saxifrage under Mars 107 the Moon governs 3 5 Sweth, ſee Civés,under Mars94 Burnet Srxifrage the Moon Saligot, ſee Caltrops, under the governs Moon 71 Scabicus, three forts, Mercury Sickle-wort, ſee Bugle, under 307 Venus 60 Scurvy-graſs is under Jup. 309 Sanguinareand Swine-creſes, ſee Self-heal, and Sickle-wort, are Buckthorn, under Saturn ib. under Venus 310 Syanus, fee Blue-bottle, under Service-tree is under the Domi- Saturn 43 nion of Saturn 312 Snakeweed, fee Biſtort, under Shepherds-purſe is under Sat. ib. Saturn ibid. Smalage is an Herb of Mer. 313 Sparagus, or Sperage, ſee Aſpa- Sope-wort is under Venus 314 ragus, under Jupiter 24 Sorrel is under Venus ibid. Serpents Tongue,under the Moon Wood Sorrel is under Ven. 315 in Cancer 5 Sow Thiſtle is under Ven. ibid. Spaniſh Buglofs. ſee Alkanet, Southern wood is a Mercurial Venus owns 4 Plant 317 T. Spignel is under Venus 319 Engliſh Tobacco is a Martial Spleen-wort is under Cat. ibid. Plant 324 Sar Tbifile is under Vars 320 The 366 owns them As alſo what Planet governeth them. 98 71 a v. The Tamariſk-tree is governed it is under the Moon by Saturn 326 Tribus Aquaticus, Tribusla- Garden Tanjy is under Ven.327 cuſtriſt and TribusMecinus, Wild Tanſy, Venus rules it 328 are Herbs of the Moon, ſee Thiſtles, Mars rules them 329 Water-Caltrops The Melancholy Thiſtle is under Tamus, / Briony, a Martial Capricorn, and therefore un- Plant 53 der Saturn and Mars 330 Tway-blade, ſee Bifoyl, under - Our Lady's Thiſtle is under Ju- Saturn 42 piter 331 Turnhoof, ſee Alehoof, is under The Woolly or Cotten Thiſtle, is Venus 6 a Plant of Mars 33 The Fullers Thiſtle, or Teafle, Garden Valerian is under the is an Herb of Venus ibid Government of Mer. 383 Treacle Muſtard and Mithridate Verbuinis an Herb-nu. Ven. 344 Muſtard are Herbs of M. 333 The Vine is under Venus 246 The Black-thornor Sloe-buſh 334 Viclets are under Venus ibid. Thorough-wax, or Thorough-Vipers Bugloſs is an Herb of the leaf 335 Sun 347 Thyme 336 Black Vine, white Vine, for both Thyme, or Mother of Thyme, is ſee Briony, a Martial Herb 53 under Venus 337 Wild Vine, or Wood Vine, Jee Tormentil, or Sept-foil, is an Briony, a Martial Herb. ib. Herb of the Sun 339 Turnfole, or Heliotropium, is an Wall Flowers; or Winter Gillifl. Herb of the Sun ibid. the Moon rules them 34.9 Meadozu Trefoil, or Honey. Walnut, a Plant of the Sun 350 fuckles, are under Mer. 340 Wold, Weld, or Dyers Weed, is Heart Trefoil is under the Do- under Mars minion of the Sun 342 Wheat is under Venus 352 Pearl Trefoil is under the Do- The Willow-iree is governed by minion of the Moon 342 the Moon 354 Tut-fan, or Park-leaves, is an Wood is under Saturn 255 Herb of the Sun ibid. Woodbine, or Honey-fuckle, is a Three Faces in one Hood, fee Plant of Mercury 356 Heart's-eaſe, is underSat.159 Wormwood aniderbo Mar, 357 Throat-wort, ſee Fig-wort, is 17 hitlow-graſs under Venus 134 Wall-penny royal,or Well-penny Cotton Thiſtle, ſee Down, is 1192- wort, fou Kidne, -wort, it is der Mars under Venus Tootly-wort,toothed Violet, Dog-Wine-berry-bzyl, jee Goof-ber- teeth Violet, fee Coral-wort, ry-buſh, it is under Ven. 156 W. 351 229 I 20 :83 Toral-cuort, Wine, A TABLE of the HERBS, &c. Wins, ſee the Furz-buſh, it is a Martial Plant 55 under Mars 147 Worts, and Whortle-berries, Jee Water-flag, fee yellow Flower- Bil-berries, under Jup. 41 de-luce,isunder the Moon 137 Wine flower, ſee Anemone, it is Wal-wort, ſee Elder-tree, under under Mars 16 Venus 121 Woody Night-ſhade, fee Amara- Wray, ſee Darnel, it is under dulcis, under Mercury Saturn 112 Hercules Wound-wort, fte All- Wading Pond-weed, ſee Crabs- heal, Mars hath the Domi- claws, and Water Sea.green nion thereof 3 Water-houſleek under Ven. 102 Y. Water-nuts,andWater cheſnuts, Yarrow, called Noſe-bleed, Mil- fee Caltrops, the Moon 71 foil, and Thouſand-leafis un- Water-pimpernel, ſee Brooklime, der the Influence of Ven. 363 I The CONTENTS of the DIRECTIONS for making Syrups, Conſerves, Oils, Ointments, Plaiſter., &c. of Herbs, Roots, Flowers, &c. whereby you may have them ready for Uſe all the Year long er Trees SECT. I. Chap. 2. Of Syrups 373 The Way of gathering, drying, Chap. 3. Of Juleps 375 and preſerving Simples, and Chap. 4. Of Decoctions ib. their Juices. Chap. 5. Of Oils. 377 Chap. 1. Of Leaves of Herbs Chap. 6. Of Electuaries 378 367 Chap. 7. Of Conſerves 379 Chap. 2. Of Flowers 368 Chap. 8. Of Preſerves 380 Chap. 3. Of Seeds 369 Chap. 9. Of Lohochs 382 Chap. 4. Of Roots ib. Chap. 10. Of Ointments ib. Chap. 5. Of Berks 370 Chap. 11. Of Plaiſters 383 Chap. 6. Of Juices 371 Chap. 12. Of Poultices 384 Chap. 13. Of Troches ib. SECT. IT. Chap. 14. Of Pills 385 The Way of making and keep-Chap. 15. The Way of mixing ing all neceſſary Compounds. Medicines according to the Chap. 1. Of diſtilled Waters Cauſe of the Diſeaſe, and 372 Parts of the Bodyaflicted 368 THE [1] THE Engliſh Phyücian EN LARGE D. C Amara dulcis. Onfidering divers Shires in this Nation give divers Names to one and the fame Herb, and that common Name which it bears in one County, is not known in another; I ſhall take the Pains to ſet down all the Names that I know of each Herb: Pardon me for ſetting that Name at firſt, which is moſt common to myſelf. Beſides Amara dulcis, fome call it Mortal, others Bitter-ſweet; ſome Woody Night-ſhade, and others Felon-wort. Deſcript.] It grows up with woody Stalks even to a Man's Height, and ſometimes higher. The Leaves fall off at the Ap- proach of Winter, and ſpring out of the fame Stalk at Spring- time: The Branch is compared about with a whitiſh Bark, and hath a Pith in the Middle of it: The main Branch brancheth itſelf into many ſmall ones with Claſpers, laying hold on what is next to them, as Vines do : It bears many Leaves, they grow in no Order at all, at leaſt in no vulgar Order: The Leaves are longiſh, though ſomewhat broad, and pointed at the Ends: Many of them have two little Leaves growing at the End of their Foot-ſtalk; ſome have but one, and ſome none: The Leaves are of a pale green Colour; the Flowers are of a purple a Colour, or of a perfect Bluelike to Violets, and they ſtand many of them together in Knots; the Berries are green at firſt, but when they are ripe they are very red ; if you taſte them, you ſhall find them juſt as the Crabs which we in Suſſex call bitter Sweets, viz. ſweet at firſt, and bitter afterwards. Place.) They grow commonly almoſt throughout England, eſpecially in moiſt and ſhady Places. Time.] The Leaves ſhoot out about the latter End of March if the Temperature of the Air be ordinary; it flowereth in Fuly 2 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. we ſhall 1 a July, and the Seeds are ripe ſoon after, uſually in the next Month. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Planet Mercury', and a notable Herb of his alſo, if it be rightly gathered under his influence. It is excellent good to Witchcraft. remove Witchcraft both in Men and Beaſts, as alſo all ſudden Diſeaſes what- ſoever. Being tied round about the Vertigo. Neck, is one of the admirableft Re- medies for the Vertigo or Dizzineſs in the Head that is; and that's the Reaſon (as Tragus faith) the People in Germany commonly hang it about their Cattles Neck, when they fear any ſuch Evil hath betided them. Country People commonly uſe to take the Berries of it, and having bruiſed them, they apply them to Felons, and there- by foon rid their Fingers of ſuch troubleſome Gueſts. We have now ſhewed you the external Uſe of the Herb; ak a Word or two of the Internal, and fo con- clude. 'ake Notice, it is a Mercurial Herb, and therefore of very ſubtle Parts, as indeed all Mercurial Plants are ; therefore take a Pound of the Wood and Leaves together, bruiſe the Wood (which you may eafi- Olſtructions of the lydo, forit is not ſo hard as Oak) then Liver and Spleen, put it in a Pot, and put to it three Difficulty of Breath- Pints of White Wine, put on the Pot- ing, Bruiſes, Falls, lid and ſhut it cloſe ; and let it infuſe Congealed Blood, hot over a gentle Fire twelve Hours, Droply, yellow and then ſtrain it out, ſo have you a moſt black Jaundice, Wo- excellent Drink to open Obſtructions men after Delivery of the Liver and Spleen, to heip Dif- ficulty of Breath, Bruiſes and Falls, and congealed Blood in any Part of the Body, helps the Yel- low Jaundice, the Dropfy and Black Jaundice, and to cleanſe Women newly brought to bed. You may drink a Quarter of a Pint of the Inſufion every Morning. It purgeth the Body very gently, and not churlifhly, as ſome hold. And when you find good by this, remember me. They that think the Uſe of theſe Medicines is too brief, it is only for the Cheapneſs of the Eock; let them read thoſe Books of mine, of the laſt Edition, viz. Riverius, Veflingus, Riolanus, Johnſon, Sennertus, and Phyſick for the Poor. A11-heal. Tile Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 3 All-heal. I? Tiscall'd All-heal, Hercules's All-heal, and Hercules's Wouni- wort, becauſe it is ſuppoſed that Hercules learned the Herb and its Virtues from Chiron, when he learned Phyfick of him. Some call it Panay, and others Opopane-wort. Deſcript.] Its Root is long, thick, and exceeding full of Juice, of a hot and biting Taſte, the Leaves are great and large, and winged almoſt like Al-tree Leaves, but that they are ſomething hairy, each Leaf conſiſting of five or fix Pair of ſuch Wings ſet one againſt the other upon Foot-ſtalks, broad below, but narrow towards the End; one of the Leaves is a little deep- er at the Bottom than the other, of a fair, yellowiſh, freſh green Colour; they are of a bitteriſh Taſte, being chewed in the Mouth. From among , theſe ariſeth up a Stalk, green in Co- lour, round in Form, great and ſtrong in Magnitude, five orfix Feet high in Altitude, with many Joints, and ſome Leaves thereat: Towards the Top come forth Umbels of ſmall yel- low Flowers, after which are paſſed away, you may find whi- tiſh, yellow, ſhort, flat Seeds, bitter alſo in Taſte. Place.) Having given you the Deſcription of the Herb from the Bottom to the Top, give me Leave to tell you, that there are other Herbs called by this Name; but becauſe they are Strangers in England, I give only the Decription of this which is eaſily to be had in the Gardens of divers Places. Time.] Although Gerrard faith, That they flower from the Beginning of May to the End of Decembe, Experience teacheth them that keep it in their Gardens, that it flowers not till the latter End of the Summer, and ſhe is its Seed preſently after. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Mars, hot, biting and cholerick; and remedies what Evils Mars af- Aicts the Body of Man with, by Syinpathy, as Vipe's Fleſh attracts Poiſon, and the Loadſtone Iron. It kills the Worms, helps the Gout, Worms, Gout, Cram), Cramp and Convulfions, provokes U- Convulſions, provokes rine, and helps ail Joint-aches. It helps Urine, Joint - aches, all cold Griefs of the Head, the Ver- Vertigo, Falling - fick- tigo, Falling-fickneſs, the Lethargy, neſs, Lethargy, Cho- the Wind-cholick, Obſtructions of the lick, Obſtructions of Liver and Spleen, Stone in the Kid- the Liver and Spleen, neys and Bladder. It provok:s the Stone, Ternis pro- Terms, - Tbe Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a vokes, dead Birth, Terms, expels the dead Birth : It is Sinews, Itch, Sores, excellent good for the Griefs of the Si- Tooth-ach, mad Dogs, news, Itch, Stone, and Tooth-ach, the venomous Beafts,Cho- biting of mad Dogs and venomous ler. Beafts, and purgeth Choler very.gently. , Alkanet. Efides the common Name, it is called Orchanet, and B Spaniſh Bugloſs, and by Apothecaries, Enchuſa. Defcript.] Of the many Sorts of this Herbs, there is but one known to grow commonly in this Nation; of which one take this Deſcription : It hath a great and thick Root, of a reddiſh Colour, long, narrow, hairy Leaves, green like the Leaves of Buglofs, which lie very thick upon the Ground; the Stalks riſe up compaſſed round about, thick with Leaves, which are Jeffer and narrower than the former; they are tender, and flender, the Flowers are hollow, Imall, and of a reddish Colour. Place.] It grows in Kent near Rocheſter, and in many Places in the Weſt Country, both in Devonſhire and Cornwall. Time.] They flower in July, and the Beginning of Auguft, and the Seed is ripe ſoon after, but the Root is in its Prine, as Carrots and Parſnips are, before the Herb runs up to Stalk. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb under the Domi- nion of Venus, and indeed one of her Ulcers, Inflammations, Burnings, St. Antho- Darlings, though fome what hard to ny's Fire, Morphew, flammations, Burnings by common come by. It helps old Ulcers, hot In- Yellow Jaundice, Spleen, Gravel, ve- Fire, and St. Anthony's Fire, by Anti- nomous Beaſts, Flux, pathy to Mars ; for theſe Ufes your beſt Way is to make it into an Oint- Worms, Mother, Back, Dede Bruiſes , Falls, Small- ment; alſo if you make a Vinegar of it Pox, Meaſles, Wounds. as you make Vinegar of Roſes,it helps the Morphew and Leproſy; if you apply the Herb to the Privities, it draws forth the dead Child. It helps the Yellow Jaundice, Spleen, and Gravel in the Kidneys. Dioſcorides faith, it helps ſuch as are bitten by a venomous Beaft, whether it be taken inwardly, or applied to the Wound; nay, he faith further, if any one that hath newly eaten it, do but ſpit into the Mouth of a Serpent, the Serpent inſtantly dies. It ſtays the Flux of the Belly, kills Worms, helps the Fits of the Mother. Its Decoction made in The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 5 Deſcript.) T TH a in Wine, and drank, ſtrengthens the Back, and eaſeth the Pains thereof: It helps Bruiſes and Falls, and is as gallant a Remedy to drive out the Small Pox and Meaſles as any is; an Ointment made of it, is excellent for green Wounds, Pricks or Thruſts. Adders Tongue, or Serpents Tongue. HIS Herb hath but one Leaf, which grows with the Stalk a Finger's Length above the Ground, being fat and of a freſh green Colour; broad like Water Plantane, but leſs, without any Rib in it; from the Bot- tom of which Leaf, on the Inſide, riſeth up (ordinarily) one, ſometimes two or three fender Stalks, the upper Half where- of is ſomewhat bigger, and dented with ſmall Dents of a yel- lowiſh green Colour, like the Tongue of an Adder Serpent (only this is as uſeful as they are formidable.) The Roots continue all the Year. Place.] It grows in moiſt Meadows, and ſuch like Places. Time.) And is to be found in May or April, for it quickly periſheth with a little Heat. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb- under the Domi- nion of the Moon and Cancer, and therefore if the Weakneſs of the Retentive Faculty be cauſed by any evil Influence of Saturn in any Part of the Body governed by the Moon, or un- der the Dominion of Cancer, this Herb cures it by Sympathy: It cures theſe Diſeaſes after ſpecified in any Part of the Body ander the Influence of Saturn, by Antipathy. It is temperate in refpeét of Heat, but dry in the ſecond Degree. The Juice of the Leaves drank with the diſtilled Water of Horſe-tail, is a fingular Remedy for all Manner of Wounds in the Breaſts, Bowels, or other Parts of the Body, and is given with good Succeſs unto thoſe that are troubled with Caſting, Wounds in the Breaſ, Bowels, Vomiting, Vomiting, or Bleeding at the Mouth or Noſe,or otherwiſe downwards. The Terms flops, Waites, Wounds, Ulcers, 11- Said Juice given in the diſtilled Water of Oaken-buds, is very good for Wo. flammations in tbe Wounds. men who have their ufual Courſes, or the Whites flowing down too abundantly. It helps fore Eyes. Of the Leaves infuſed or boiled in Oil, Omphacine, or un- ripe Olives, ſet in the Sun for certain Days, or the green Leaves ſufficiently boiled in the ſaid Oil, is made an excellent green Balfam, not only for green and freſh Wounds, but alſo for 6 The Engliſh Phyſicion Enlarged. for old and inveterate Ulcers, eſpecially if a little fine clear Turpentine be diſſolved therein. It alſo ſtayeth and refreſh- eth all Inflammations that ariſe upon Pains by Hurts and Wounds. What Parts of the Body are under each Planet and Sign, and alſo what Diſeaſe may be found in my Aftrological Judg- ment of Diſeaſes; and for the internal Work of Nature in the Body of Man; as Vital, Animal, Natural and Procreative Spirits of Man; the Apprehenſion, Judgment, Memory; the external Senſe, viz. Seeing, Hearing, Smelling, Taft- ing and Feeling; the Virtues Attractive, Retentive, Di- geſtive, Expulſive, &c. under the Dominion of what Planets they are, may be found in my Ephemeris for the Year 1651. In both which you ſhall find the Chaff of Authors blown away by the Fame of Dr. Reaſon, and nothing but Rational Truths left for the Ingenious to feed upon. Laſtly, To avoid blotting Paper with one Thing many Times, and alſo to eaſe your Purſes in the Price of the Book, and withal to make you ftudious in Phyſick; you have at the latter End of the Book, the Way of preſerving all Herbs ei- ther in Juice, Conſerve, Oil, Ointment or Plailter, Electuary, Pills or Troches. Agrimony. Defcript.]T HIS hath divers long Leaves (ſome greater, " , all dented about the Edges, green above, and greyith under- neath, and a litt'e hairy withal. Among which ariſeth OP ulo- ally but one ſtrong, round, hairy, brown Stalk, two or three Feet tigh, with {naller Leaves fet here and there upon ita At the Top hereof grow many ſmall yellow Flowers, one a. bove another, in long ipikes; after which come rough Heads of Seed, hanging downwards, which will cleave to and fick upon Garments, or any Thing that ſhall rub against thein. The Knot is black, long, and fomewhat woody, abiding many Years, and ſhooting afreſh every Sprivg; which Root, though ſmall, bath a reaionable good Scent. Place ] It groweth upon Banks, near the sides of Hedges, or Places. Time.] It flowereth in July and Auguft, the Seed being ripe Ahortly after. Goverka The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 7 Liver, Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb under Jupiter, and the Sign Cancer; and ſtrengthens thoſe Parts under the Planet and Sign, and removes Diſeaſes in them by Sympathy, and thoſe under Saturn, Mars and Mercury by Antipathy, if they happen in any Part of the Body governed by Jupiter, or under the Signs Cancer, Sagittary, or Piſces, and therefore muſt needs be good for the Gout, either uſed outwardly in Oil or Ointment, or inwardly in an Electeary, or Syrup, or con- certed Juice; for which ſee the latter End of this Book. It is of a cleanſing andcutting Facul- ty, without any manifeſt Heat, mode. Cleanfing, Drying a rately drying and binding. It openeth Birding, and cleanſeth the Liver, helpeth the Faurdice, ii. ward Jaundice, and is very benefical to the Wounds, inward Bowels, healing all inward Wounds, B uifs, Bloody and Bruiſes, Hurts, and other Diſtempers. t oubled Urine, Cho- The Decoction of the Herb made with lick, Breaft, Cough, Wine, and drank, is good againſt the Tertion and Quar- biting and ſtinging of Serpents, and tan A ur, Bloody helps them that make foul, troubled or Flux, Cancers, Thorns Floody Water, and makes them piſs Splinte s, and Nails clear ſpeedily. It alſo helpeth the in the Fleſh, Mem- Cholick, cleanſeth the Breaſt, and rids bers cut of Joint, away the Cough. A Draught of the Impojtlumes. Decoction taken warm before the fit, filt removes, and in Time rids a ay che Tertian or Quartan Agues. The Leaves and Seeds taken in Wine, itays the Bloody Flux, outwardly applied, being ftanped with old Sw nes Greaſe, it helpech old Sores, Cancers, and inveterate Ulcers, and craweth forth Thorns and Splinters of Wood, Nails, or any other ſuch Things gotten into the Fleſh. It helpeth to ſtrengthen the Members that be out of Joint; and being bruiled and applied, or the Juice dropped in it, helpeth foul and impoſthumed Ears. The diſtilled Water of the Herb is good to all the ſaid Purpoſes, either inward or outward, but a great deal weaker. It is a moſt admirable Remedy for ſuch whoſe Lives are annoyed either by Heat or Coid. The Liver is the Former of Blood, and Blood the Nouriſher of the Body, and Agri- mony a Strengthener of the Liver. I can- 8 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. I I cannot ſtand to give you a Reaſon in every Herb, why it cureth fuch Diſeaſes: But if you pleaſe to perufe my Judg- ment in the Herb Wormwood, you ſhall find them there, and it will be well worth your while to conſider it in every Herb, you ſhall find them true throughout the Book. Water Agrimony T is called, in ſome Countries, Water Hemp, Baſtard Hemp, and Baftard Agrimony, Eupatorium and Hepato- rium, becauſe it ſtrengthens the Liver. Deſcript.] The Root continues a long Time, having many long ſlender Strings. The Stalk grows up about two Feet high, ſometimes higher. They are of a dark purple Colour: The Branches are many, growing at Diſtances the one from the other, the one from the one Side of the Stalk, the other from the oppoſite Point. The Leaves are winged, and much in- dented at the Edges. The Flowers grow at the Top of the Branches, of a brown yellow Colour, ſpotted with black Spots, having a Subſtance within the midſt of them like that of a Daiſy: If you rub them between your Fingers, they ſmell like Rofin or Cedar when it is burnt. The Seeds are long, and ea- fily tick to any woollen Thing they touch. Place.] They delight not in Heat, and therefore they are not fo frequently found in the Southern Parts of England, as in the North, where they grow frequently: You may look for them in cold Grounds, by Ponds and Ditches Sides, as alſo by running Waters; ſometimes you ſhall find them grow in the Midſt of the Waters. Time.] They all flower in July or Auguſt, and the Seed is. ripe prefently after. Government and Virtues.] It is a Plant of Jupiter, as well as the other Agrimony, only this belongs Cutteth, Cleanſeth, to the celeſtial Sign Cancer. It heal- Breaft, Cachexia, eth and drieth, cutteth and cleanſeth Droply,Yellow Faun- thick and tough Humours of the dice, Obſtructions, Breaſt, and for this I hold it inferior Liver, Spleen, Impoft- to but few Herbs that grow. It helps humes, Urine, Terms the Cachexia of evil Diſpoſition of the provokes, Worms, Body, the Dropſy and Yellow Jaun- Itch, Scabs, Flies dice. It opens Obſtructions of the Liver, mollifies the Hardneſs of the Spleen, Waſps. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 9 SEX got ſo Spleen, being applied outwardly. It breaks Impofthumes taken inwardly: It is an excellent Remedy for the third Day Ague. It provokes Urine and the Terms; it kills Worms, and cleanſeth the Body of ſharp Humours, which are the Cauſe of Itch and "Scabs; the Herb being burnt, the Smoak thereof drives away Flies, Waſps, &c. It ſtrengthens the Lungs exceedingly. Country People give it to their Cattle when they are troubled with the Cough, or broken-winded. Alehoof, or Ground Ivy. Everal Counties give it ſeveral Names, ſo that there is ſcarce an Herb growing of that Bigneſs that has many : It is called Cats-foot, Ground Ivy, Gill-go-by-ground, and Gill-creep-by-ground, Turnhoof, Haymaids, and Alehoof. Deſcript.] This well known Herb lieth, ſpreadeth, and creepeth upon the Ground, ſhooteth forth Roots, at the Cor- ners of tender jointed Stalks, fet with two round Leaves at every Joint ſomewhat hairy, crumpled, and unevenly dented about the Edges with round Dents; at the Joints likewiſe, with the Leaves towards the End of the Branches, come forth hollow, long Flowers, of a blueiſh purple Colour, with ſmall white Spots upon the Lips that hang down. The Root is ſmall with Strings. Place.] It is commonly found under Hedges, and on the Sides of Ditches, under Houſes, or in ſhadowed Lanes, and other waſte Grounds, in almoſt every Part of this Land. Time.] They flower ſomewhat early, and abide fo a great while; the Leaves continue green until Winter, and ſome- , times abide, except the Winter be very ſharp and cold. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Venus, and there- fore cures the Diſeaſes the cauſes by Sympathy, and thoſe of Mars by Antipathy; you may uſually find it all the Year long, except the Year be extremely froſty ; it is quick, ſharp, and bitter in Tafte, and is thereby found to be hot and dry; a fingular Herb for Inward Wounds, allinward Wounds, exulcerated Lungs Pains,Griping,Wind, or other Parts, either by itſelf, or Choler, Stomach, boiled with other the like Herbs; and Belly, Stoppage in the being drank, in a ſhort Time it eaſeth Liver, Gall, Plague, all griping Pains, windy and chole- Poiſon, Gout, Sciati- rick Humours in the Stomach, Spleen ca, Sore Mouth, ena The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Throats, Ulcers in the or Belly: helps the Yellow Jaundice, Privities. by opening the Stoppings of the Gall and Liver, and Melancholy, by open- ing the Stoppings of the Spleen; expelleth Venom or Poiſon, and alſo the Plague; it provokes Urine and Womens Courſes; the Decoction of it in Wine drank for ſome Time together, procureth Eaſe unto them that are troubled with the Sciatica, or Hip-Gout; as alſo the Gout in Hands, Knees or Feet; if you put to the Decoction fome Honey and a little burnt Al- lum; it is excellent.good to gargle any fore Mouth or Threat, and to waſh the Sores and Ulcers in the privy Parts of Man or Woman; it ſpeedily helpeth green Wounds, being bruiſed and bound thereunto. The Juice of it boiled with a little Honey and Verdigreaſe, both wonderfully cleanſe Fiftulas, Ulcers, and ſtayeth the ſpreading or Itch, Scab, Web in eating of Cancers and Ulcers, it help- the Eye, Redneſs and eth the Itch, Scabs, Wheals, and other Watering of them, Breakings-out in any part of the Body. Ulcers, Noiſe in the The Juice of Celandine, Field-Daiſies, Ears, Deafneſs. and Ground-Ivy clarified, and a little fine Sugar diſſolved therein, and drop- ped into the Eyes, is a ſovereign Remedy for all Pains, Red- neſs, and watering of them; as alſo for the Pin and Web, Skins and Films growing over the Sight; it helpeth Beaſts as well as Men. The Juice dropped into the Ears, doth won- derfully help the Noife and Singing of them, and helpeth the Hearing which is decayed. It is good to tun up with new Drink, for it will clarify it in a Night, that it will be the fitter to be drank the next Morning; or if any Drink be thick with reroving, or any other Accident, it will do the like in a few Hours. a a a Alexander ITH Tis alſo called Aliſander, Horſe-Parſley,andWild-Parſley, and the Black Pot-Herb; the Seed of it is that which is uſually ſold in the Apothecaries Shops for Macedonian Parſley Seed. Defcript.] it is uſually fown in all the Gardens in Europe, and ſo well known, that it needs no farther Deſcription. Time.] It flowereth in June and July; the Seed is ripe in Auguft. Govern- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . II a I a Government and Virtues.] It is an Obſtructions of the Herb of Jupiter, and therefore friendly Liver and Spleen, to Nature, for it warmeth a cold Sto- provokes the Terms, mach, and openeth a Stoppage of the After-birth, Wind, Liver and Spleen; it is good to move provokes Urine, biting Womens Courſes, to expel the After. of Serpents. birth, to break Wind, to provoke Urine, and helpeth the Strangury; and theſe Things the Seeds will do likewiſe. If either of them be boiled in Wine, or being bruiſed and taken in Wine, is alſo effectual againſt the biting of Serpents. And now you know what Alexander Pottage is good for, that you may no longer eat it out of Ig- norance, but out of Kowledge: The Black Alder-tree. Deſcript.] HIS Tree feldom groweth to any great Big- neſs, but for the moſt part abideth like a Hedge-buth, or a Tree ſpreading its Branches, the Woods of the Body being white, and a dark red Cole, or Heart; the outward Bark is of a blackiſh Colour, with many whitiſh Spots therein: But the inner Bark next unto the Wood is yellow, which being chewed, will turn the Spittle near into a Saffron Colour. The Leaves are ſomewhat like thoſe of an ordinary Alder-tree, or the Female Cornet, or Dogberry-tree, called in Suſſex Dog-wood, but blacker, and not ſo long. The Flowers are white, coming forth with the Leaves at the Joints, which turn into ſmall round Berries, firſt green, afterwards red, but blackiſh when they are thorough ripe, divided, as it were, in to two parts, wherein is contained two ſmall, round and flat Seeds. The Root runneth not deep into the Ground, but Spreads rather under the upper Cruft of the Earth. Place.] This Tree or Shrub may be found plentifully in St. John's Wood by Hornſey, and in the Woods upon Ham- ſtead-Heatb; as alſo a Wood called the Old Park in Barcomb in Eſſex, near the Brooks Sides. Time.] It flowereth in May, and the Berries are ripe in September. Government and Virtues.] It is a Tree of Venus, and per- haps under the Celeſtial Sign Cancer. The inner yellow Bark hereof purgeth downwards both Choler and Phlegm, and the watery Choler, Phlegm. Humours of ſuch that have the Dropſy, . and I 2 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlargech and ſtrengthens the inward Parts again by binding. If the Bark hereof be boiled with Agrimony, Wormwood, Dodder, , Hops and ſome Fennel, with Smallage, Endive, and Succory- Roots, and a reaſonable Draught taken every Morning for ſome Time together; it is very effectual againſt the Jaundice, Dropſy, and the evil Diſpoſition of the Jaundice, Dropſy, Body, eſpecially if ſome ſuitable purging ' Cachexia, Liver, Medicines have been taken before, to Spleen. void the groffer Excrements. It purgeth and ſtrengtheneth the Liver and Spleen, cleanſing them from ſuch evil Humours and Hardneſs as they are aMicted with. It is to be underſtood that theſe things are performed by the dried Bark; for the freſh green Bark taken inwardly provokes ſtrong Vomitings, Pains in the Stomach, and Gripings in the Belly: Yet if the Decoction may ſtand and ſettle two or three Days, until the yellow Colour be changed black, it will not work ſo ſtrongly as before, but will ſtrengthen the Stomach, and procure an Appetite to Meat. The outward Bark Stomach, weak Ap- contrariwiſe doth bind the Body, and is petite, Lice, Flux, helpful for all Laſks and Fluxes thereof, Itch, Scabs. but this alſo muſt be dried firſt, where- by it will work the better. The inner Bark thereof boiled in Vinegar is an approved Remedy to kill Lice, to cure the Itch, and take away Scabs, by drying them up in a ſhort Time. It is fingular good to waſh the Teeth, to take away the Pains, to faſten thoſe that are looſe, to cleanſe them, and keep them ſound. The Leaves are good Fodder for Kine, to make them give more Milk. If in the Spring-time you uſe the Herbs before-mentioned, and will take but a Handful of each of them, and to them add an Handful of Elder Buds; and having bruiſed them all, boil them in a Gallon of ordinary Beer, when it is new; and having boiled them Half an Hour, add to this three Gallon 3 more, and let them work together, and drink a Draught of it every Morning, Half a Pint, or thereabouts, it is an excel- lent Purge for the Spring, to conſume the phlegmatic Qua- lity the Winter hath left behindit, and withal keep your Body in Health ; and conſume thoſe evil Humours which the Heat of Summer will readily ftir up. Efteem it as a Jewel. a The The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 13 The common Alder-Tree. Deſcript.] G Rowech to a reaſonable Height, and ſpreads much if it like the Place. It is ſo generally fo well known unto Country People, that I conceive it needleis to tell that which is no News. Place and Time.] It delighteth to grow in moiſt Woods, and watry Places; flowering in April or May, and yielding ripe ſeed in September. Government and Uje.] It is a Tree under the Dominion of Venus, and of ſome watry Sign or other ; I fuppoſe Piſces; and therefore the Decoction, or diſtilled Water of the Leaves, is excellent againſt Burnings and Inflammations, ei- ther with Wounds or without, to bathe the Place grieved with, and eſpecially Burnings, Inflans- for that Inflammation in the Breaft,mations. which the Vulgar call an Ague. If you cannot get the Leaves, (as in Winter 'tis impoffible) make uſe of the Bark in the fame Manner. The Leaves and Dark of the Alder- tree are cooling, drying and binding. Coclings, Dryings, The 'freſh Leaves laid upon Swell- Swellings. ings diſſolve them, and flay the In. flammations. The Leaves put under the bare Feet gauled. with Travelling, are a great refreſhing to them. The faid Leaves gathered while the Morning Dew is on them, and brought into a Fleas. Chamber troubled with Fleas, will gather them thereunto, which being ſuddenly caſt out, will rid the Chamber of thoſe troubleſome Bed-fellows. Т. Angelica. o write a Deſcription of that which is ſo well known to be growing almoſt in every Garden, I ſuppoſe is altogether needleſs; yet for its Virtues it is of admirable Ufe. In Time (f Heatheniſm, when Men had found out any excellent Herb, they dedicated it to their Gods; as the. Bay Tree to Apollo, the Ock to Jupiter, the Vine to Bacchus, the Poplar to Hercules. Theſe the Papifts following as the Patriarchs, they dedicate to their Saints; as our Lady's Thifle to the Bleſſed Virgin. St. John's Wort to St. John, B ard 14 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a and another Wort to St. Peter, &c. Our Phyſicians muſt imitate like Apes (though they cannot come off half ſo cleverly) for they blaſphemouſly call Phanfies or Hearts- eaſe, an Herb of the Trinity, becauſe it is of three Colours : And a certain Ointment, an Ointment of the Apoſtles, becauſe it conſiſts of twelve Ingredients : Alas, I am forry for their Folly, and grieved at their Blaſphemy; God ſend them the reſt of their Age, for they have their Share of Ignorance al- ready. Oh! Why muſt ours be blafphemous, becauſe the Heathens and Papifts were idolatrous ? Certainly they have read ſo much in old ruſty Authors, that they have loſt all their Divinity ; for unleſs it were amongſt the Ranters, I never read or heard of ſuch Blaſphemy The Heathens and Papiſts were bad, and ours worſe; the Papiſts giving idolatrous Names to Herbs for their Virtues Sake, not for their fair Looks; and therefore ſome called this an Herb of the Holy Ghoft; others more moderate called it Angelica, be- cauſe of its Angelical Virtues, and that Name it retains ftill, and all nations follow it ſo near as their Dialect will permit Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of the Sun in Leo; let it be gathered when he is there, the Moon applying to his good Aſpect; let it be gathered either in his Hour, or in the Hour of Jupiter, let Sol be angular; obſerve the like in gathering the Herbs of other Planets, and you may happen to do Wonders. In all epidemical Diſeaſes cauſed by Saturn, that is as good a Preſervative as grows : It refifts Poiſon, by defending and comforting Poiſon, Peſtilence, e- the Heart, Blood, and Spirits ; it doth pidemical Difeaſes. the like againſt the Plague and all epi- demical Diſeaſes, if the Root be taken in Powder to the Weight of half a Dram at a Time, with ſome good Trea- cle in Carduus-Water, and the Party thereupon laid to fweat in his Bed; if Treacle be not to be had, take it alone in Carduus or Angelica Water. The Stalks or Roots candied and eaten fafting, are good Preſervatives in Time of Infection ; and at other Times to warm and comfort a cold Stomach. The Root alſo ſteeped in Vinegar, and a little of that Vinegar taken ſometimes fafting, and the Root ſmelled unto, is good for the ſame Pur- Cold, Wind, Pleuriſy, poſe! A Water diſtilled from the Root Cough, Lungs, Breaſt, fimfly, as ſteeped in Wine, and di- ſtilled a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 15 a ſtilled in a Glafs, is much more effec- Strangury, Shortneſs tual than the Water of the Leaves; of Breath, Cholick, and this 'Water, drank two or three provokes the Terms, Spoonfuls at a Time, eafeth all Pains Afier-Birth, and Torments coming of Cold and Wind, ſo that the Body be not bound; and taken with ſome of the Root in Powder at the Beginning, helpeth the Pleu- riſy, as alſo all other Diſeaſes of the Lungs and Breaft, as Coughs, Phthyfick, and Shortneſs of Breath ; and a Syrup of the Stalks do the like. It helps Pains of the Cholick, the Strangury and Stoppage of the Urine, procureth Womens Courſes, and expelleth the After birth, openeth the Stop- pings of the Liver and Spleen, and briefly eaſeth and diſcuſſeth all Windi- Stoppings of the Liver neſs and inward Swellings. The De. end Spleen, Indigel- coction drunk before the Fit of an tion, Surfeits, Tooth- Ague, that they may ſweat (if poſible) ah. before the Fit comes, will in two or three 'Times taking, rid it quite away; it helps Digeſtion, and is a Remedy for a Surfeit. The Juice, or the Water, , being dropped into the Eyes or Ears, helps Dimneſs of Sight and Deafneſs; the Juice put into the hollow Teeth, eaſeth their Pains. The Root in Powder, made up into a Plaiſter with a little Pitch, and laid on the Biting of mad Dogs, or any Bitings of mad Dogs: other venomous Creature, doth won- derfully help. The Juice or the Water dropped, or Tents wet therein, and put into filthy dead Ulcers, or the Powder of the Root (in Want of either) doth cleanſe and cauſe them to heal quickly, by covering the naked Bones with Fleſh; the diſtilled Water applied to Places pained with the Gout, or Scia. Gout, Sciatica. tica, doth give a great deal of Eaſe. The Wild Angelica is not ſo effectual as the Garden, although it may be ſafely uſed to all the Purpoſes aforeſaid. Amaranthus. Efides its common Name, by which it is beſt known a , Flower Ve ure, Floramor, and Velvet Flower. Deſcript.] It being a Garden Flower, and wellknown to every one that keeps it, I might forbear the Deſcription: yet notwith- B 2 ſtanding 16 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. ſtanding, becauſe ſome defire it, I ſhall give it. It runneth up with a Stalk a cubit high, ſtreaked, and ſomewhat reddiſh to- ward the Root, but very ſmooth, divided towards the Top with ſmall Branches, among which ſtand long broad Leaves of a reddiſh green Colour, ſlippery; the Flowers are not properly Flowers, but Tuffs, very beautiful to behold, but of no Smell, of reddiſh Colour; if you bruiſe them, they yield Juice of the fame Colour; being gathered, they keep their Beauty a long Time; the Seed is of a ſhining black Colour. Time.] They continue in Flower from Auguft till the Time the Froſt nip them. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Sa. turn, and is an excellent Qualifier of the unruly Actions and Paffions of Verus, though Mars alſo ſhould join with her. The Flowers dried and beaten into Powder, ſtop the Terms in Women, and ſo do almoſt all other Terms. red Things. And by the Icon, or Image of every Herb, the Ancients at firſt found out their Virtues. Modern Writers laugh at them for it; bat I won. der in my Heart, how the Virtues of Herbs came at firſt to be known, if not by their Signatures; the Moderns have them from the Writings of the Ancients; the Ancients had no Writings to have them from : But to proceed. The Flowers ftop all Fluxes of Blood; Flux, Bleeding, Run- whether in Man or Woman bleeding ning of the Reins, either at the Noſe or Wound. There White., French Pox. is alſo a Sort of Amaranthus, which bears a white Flower, which ftops the Whites in Women, and the Running of the Reigns in Men, and is a moft gallant Antivenereal, and a ſingular Remedy for the French Pox. a CA Anemone. Alled alſo Wind-flower, becauſe they ſay the Flowers never open but when the Wind bloweth. Pliny is my Author; if it be not ſo, blame him. The Seed alſo (if it bears any at all) Aies away with the Wind. Place and Time.] They are ſown uſually in the Gardens of the Curious, and flower in the Spring-time. As for De- fcriprion I ſhall paſs it, being well known to all thoſe that fow them. Government The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 17 Government and Vi. tues.] It is under the Dominion of Mars, being ſuppoſed to be a kind of Crow-foot. The Leaves provoke the Terms provokes. Terms mightily, being boiled, and the Decoction drunk. The Body being bathed with the Decoc- tion of them, cures the Leproſy. The leaves being ſtamped, and the Juice ſnuffed up in the Noſe, purgeth the Head mightily; fo doth Head pur eth. the Root, being chewed in the Mouth, for it procureth much Spitting, and bringeth away many watery and phlegmatick Humours, and is therefore excellent for the Lethargy. Lethargy. And when all is done, let Phyficians prate what they pleaſe, all the Pills in the Diſpenfatory purge not the Head like to hot Things held in the Mouth. Being made into an Ointment, and the Eye- lids anointed with it, it helps Inflam- mations of the Eyes, whereby it is pal- Eyes inflamed. pable, that every Stronger draweth its Weaker like. The fame Ointment is excellent good to cleanſe malignant Ulcers. and corroding Ulcers. Garden-Arrach. CA C ALLED alſo Orach, and Arage. Deſcript.] It is fo commonly known to every Houſe wife, it were Labour loſt to deſcribe it. Time.] It flowereth and ſeedeth from June to the End of Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Government of the Moon ; in Quality cold and moiſt like unto her. It ſoft- eneth and looſeneth the Body of Man being eaten, and for- tifieth the expulfive Faculty in him The Herb, whether it be bruiſed and applied to the Throat, or boiled, and in like Manner applied, it matters not much, it is excellent good for Swellings in the Throat ; the beſt Way, I ſuppoſe, is to boil it, and having drunk the Decoction inwardly, apply the Herb outwardly : The Decoction of it beſides, is an ex- cellent Remedy for the Yellow Jaundice. B3 Arrach 18 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Arrach, wild and ſtinking. Alled alſo Vulveria, from that Part of the Body, upon CI which the Operation is moft; alſo Dogs Arrach, Goats- Arrach, and Stinking Motherwort, Deſcript.] This hath ſmall and almoſt round Leaves, yet a ittle pointed and without Dent or Cut, of a duſky mealy Colour, growing on the ſlender Stalks and Branches that ſpread on the Ground, with ſmall Flowers in Clufier ſer with The Leaves, and ſmall Seeds fucceeding like the reft, perifhing yearly, and riſing again with its own ſowing. It ſmells like old xotten Fiſh, or ſomething worſe. Place.] It grows uſually upon Dunghills. Time. They flower in June, and July, and their Seed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] Stinking Arrach is uſed as a Re- medy to help Women pained, and almoſt Mother. ſtrangled with the Mother, by ſmelling to it; but inwardly taken there is no better Remedy under the Moon for that Diſeaſe. I would be large in Commendation of this Herb, were I but eloquent. It is an Herb under the Dominion of Venus, and under the Sign Scorpio ; it is common almoſt upon every Dunghill. The Works of God are given freely to Man, his Medicines are common and cheap, and eaſy to be found : ('Tis the Medicines of the College of Phyſicians that are ſo dear and Acarce to find) I commend it for an Wonb. univerſal Medicine for the Womb, and fuch a Medicine as will eaſily, ſately, and ſpeedily cure any Diſeaſe thereof, as the Fits of the Mo. ther, Diſlocation, or falling out thereof; it cools the Womb being over-heated. And let me tell you this, and I will tell you the Truth, Heat of the Womb is one of the greateſt Cauſes of hard Labour in Child-Birth. It makes barren Women fruitful. It cleanſeth the womb if it be foul, and trengthens it exceedingly; it provokes the Terms if they be ſtopped, and ſtops them if they flow immoderately; you can deſire no Good to your Womb, but this Herb will effect it; therefore if you love Children, if you love Health, if you love Eaſe, keep a Syrup always by you, made of the Juice of this Herb, and Sugar, (or Honey if it be to cleanſe the Womb) and let ſuch as be rich keep it for their poor Neigh- bours : The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 19 bours; and beſtow it as freely as I beſtow my Studies upon them, or elſe let them look to anſwer it another Day, when the Lord ſhall come to make Inquiſition of Blood. Tº put a Gloss Tall Archangel. a Glofs upon their Practice, the Phyſicians call an Herb (which Country People vulgarly know by the Name of Dead Nettle) Archangel ; whether they favour more of Superſtition or Folly, I leave to the judicious Reader. There is more Curioſity than Courteſy to my Countrymen uſed by others in the Explanation as well of the Names, as Deſcription of this ſo well known Herb; which, that I may not alſo be guilty of, take this ſhort Deſcription, firſt of the Red Archangel Deſor ift.) This has divers ſquare Stalks fomewhat hairy, at the Joints whereof grow two fad green Leaves dented about the Edges, oppoſite to one another to the lowermoſt upon long foot Stalks, but without any toward the Tops, which are fome- what round, yet pointed, and a little crumpled and hairy, round about the upper Joints; where the Leaves grow thick are fundry gaping Flowers of a pale reddiſh Colour; after which come the Seeds three or four in a Hulk. The Root is ſmaller and threaddy, periſhing every Year; the whole Plant hath a ſtrong Scent, but not ſtinking. White Archangel hath divers ſquare Stalks, none ſtanding ſtraight upright, bnt bending downward, whereon ftand two Leaves at a Joint, larger and more painted than the other, dented about the Edges, and greener alſo, more like unto Netrle Leaves, but not itinking, yet hairy. At the Joints with the Leaves ſtand larger and more open gaping white Flowers, Huſks round about the Stalks, but not with ſuch a; Buſh of Leaves as Flowers ſet in the Top, as is on the other wherein ſtand ſmall roundith black Seeds: the Root is white, with many Strings at it, not growing downward, but lying under the upper Cruft of the Earth, and abideth many Years increafing ; this hath not ſo ſtrong a Scent as the former. Yellow Archangel is like the White in the Stalks and Leaves; but that the Stalks are more ſtraight and upright, and the Joints with Leaves are farther aſunder, having longer Leaves than the former, and the Flowers a liccle larger and more gaping, of a fair yellow Colour in mof, in fome paler. The B 4 Root 20 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. Roots are like white, only they creep net ſo much ander the Ground. Place.] They grow almoſt every where (unleſs it be in the middle of the Street) the Yellow moſt uſually in the wet Grounds of Woods, and ſometimes in the drier, in divers Counties of this Nation. Mime ] They flower from the Beginning of the Spring all the Summer ling Virtues and Uje.] The Archangels are ſomewhat hot and Crier than the ſtringing Nettles, and uſed with better Succeſs Spleen. for the Stopping and Hardneſs of the Spleen, than they, by uſing the De- coction of the Herb in Wine, and afterwards applying the Herb hot un to the Region of the Spleen as a Plaifter, or the Decoction with Spunges. Flowers of W bites. the White Archangel are preſerved or conſerved to be uſed to ſtay the Whites, and the Flowers of the Red to ſtay the Reds in Women. It makes the Heart merry, drives away Melancholy, quickens the Spirits, is good againſt Quartan Melancholy, Quar- Agues, ftancheth Bleeding at Mouth tan Agues, Bleeding and Noſe, if it be ſtamped and applied at Noſe, Swellings, to the Nape of the Neck ; the Herb King's Evil, Gout, alſo bruiſed, and with ſome Salt and Sciatica, Joints, Ul- Vinegar and Hogs-greaſe, laid upon cers, Sores, Bruiſes, any hard Tumour or Swelling, or that Burnings. valgarly called the King's Evil, do help to diffolve or diſcuſs them ; and being in like manner applied, doth much allay the Pains, and give Eaſe to the Gout, Scratica, and other Pains of the Joints and Sinews. It is alſo very effectual to heal green Wounds, and old Ulcers: Allo to ſtay their fretting, g nawing and ſpread- ing. It draweth forth Splinters, and ſuch like Things gotten into the Fleſh, and is very good againſt Bruiſes and Burnings. But the yeilow Archangel is moſt commended for old, filthy, corrupt Sores and Ulcers, yea although they grow to be hallow; and to diffulve Tumours. The chief Uſe of them is for Women, it being a Herb of Venus; and may be found in my Guide for i/omen. . Arfſmart, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 21 ТЕ a Arſimart. HE hot Arfſmart is called alſo Water-Pepper, or Cul- rage. The mild Arfimart is called dead Arfim art Percicaria, or Peach-wort, becauſe the Leaves are ſo like the Leaves of a l'each-cree; it is alſo called Plumbago. Deſcription of the Mild.] This hath broad Leaves ſet at the great red Joint of the Stalks; with ſemi-circular blackiſh Marks on them uſually, either bluiſh or whitiſh, with ſuch like Seed following. The Root is long, with many Strings thereat, periſhing yearly; this hath no ſharp Tafte (as ano- ther Sort hath, which is quick and biting) but rather four like Sorrel, or elſe a little drying, or without Tatte. Place.) It grows in watry Places, Ditches, and the like, which for the moſt Part are dry in Summer. Time.] It flowereth in June, and the Seed is ripe in Ax- ut. Government and Virtues.] As the Virtue of both theſe is various, fo is alſo their Government; for that which is hot and biting, is under the Dominion of Mers, but Saturn cha- lengeth the other, as appears by that Leaden colour'd Spot he hath placed upon the Leaf. It is of a cooling and drying Quality, and very effe&tual for putrefied Ulcers in Man or Beaſt, to kill Worms, and cleanſe the patrefied T'Icers, cold Swel Places. The Juice thereof dropped in or otherwiſe applied,confumeth allcold lings, bruiſed co-geald Swellings, and diffolveth the congeald Tors, or Andicoms. Blood, Toorb-ach, Fe- Blood of Bruiſes by Stroks, Falls, &c. lons, or Andicoms. A Piece of the Root, or ſome of the Seed bruiſed, and held to an aking Tooth, taketh away the Pain. The Leaves bruited and laid to the Joint that hath a Felon thereon taketh it away. The Juice deſtroyeth Worms in the Ears, being dropped into them; if the hot Arffmart be firewed in a Worm in the Ears, Chamber, it will ſoon kill all the Fleas, tired Horſes, Fleas; and the Herb or Juice of the Impoſthumes, Inflam- cold Arfſmart, put to a Horſe, or other mations, Wounds. Cattle Sores, will drive away the Fly in the hotteſt Time of Summer ; a good Handful of the hot biting Arffmat put under a Horſe's Saddle, will make him tra el B 5 22 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. ravel the better although he were half tired before. The mild Arffmart is good againſt all Impofthumes and Inflam- mations at the beginning, and to heal green Wounds. All Authors chop the Virtues of both Sorts of Arfſmart together, as Men chop Herbs to the Pot, when both of them are of clean contrary Qualities. The hot Arfſmart groweth not ſo high or tall as the mild doth, but hath many Leaves of the Colour of Peach Leaves, very feldom or never ſpot- ted In other Particulars it is like the former, but may eaſily be known from it if you will but be pleafed to break a Leaf ofit croſs your Tongue, for the Hot will make your. Tongue T to ſmart, ſo will not the Cold. If you ſee them both toge- ther, you may eaſily diſtinguiſh them, becauſe the Mild hath far broader Leaves : And our College of Phyficians, out of the learned Care of the Publick Good, Anglicé, their own Gain, miſtake the one for the other in their New Mafter-piece, whereby they diſcover. 1. Their Ignorance. 2. Their Care- leſſneſs; and he that hath but half an Eye, may ſee their Pride without a Pair of Spectacles. I have done what I could to diſtinguiſh them in the Virtues, and when you find not the contrary named, uſe the Cold. The Truth is, I have not yet ſpoken with Dr. Reaſon, nor his Brother Expe- rience, concerning either of them both. Afarabacca. Defcrift.] Sarabacca hath many Heads riſing from the Rocts, from whence come many ſmooth Leaves,everyone upon his own Foot-ſtalks, which are rounded and bigger than Violet Leaves,thicker alſo, and of a dark green fhining Colour on the upper Side, and of a pale yellow green underneath, little or nothing dented about the Edges, from a- mong which riſe ſmall, round, hollow, brown green Háſks, upon fhort Stalks, about an Inch long, divided at the Brimsin- to five Diviſions, very like the Cups or Heads of the Henbane Seed, but that they are ſmaller: and theſe be all the Flow- ers it carrieth, which are fomewhat ſweet, being ſmelled unto, and wherein, when they are ripe, is contained ſmall cornered rough Seeds,verylikethe Kernels or Stones of Grapes or Raiſins. The Roots are ſmall and whitiſh, ſpreading divers Ways in the Ground, increaſing into divers Heads : but not running or creeping under the Ground, as ſome other creep- ing Herbs de. They are ſomewhat ſweet in Smell, reſembling Nardus, AR The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 23 2 a Vomitings Nardus, but more when they are dry, than green; and of a farp but not unpleafent The. Place.] It groweth frequently in Gardens. Time.] They keep their Leaves green all Winter; but ſhoot forth new in the Spring, and with them cone forth thoſe Heads or Flowers which give ripe Seed about Mid- ſummer, or ſomewhat after. Government ind Virtues.] 'T'is a Plant under the Dominion of Mars, and therefore inimical to Nature. This Herb being drank not only provoketh Vomiting, but purgeth downward, and by Urine Cauſeth alſo, purgeth both Choler and Phlegin: Choles, Phlegm, U- Jf you add to it ſome Spikenard, with rine, Obſtructions of , , the Whey of Goats Milk, or Honeyed the Liver and Spleen, Water, it is made more ſtrong, but it Dropſy, Jaundice, A- purgeth Phlegm more manifeſtly than gues. Choler, and therefore doth much help Pains in the Hips, and other Parts ; being boiled in Whey, they wonderfully help the Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen,and therefore profitable for the Dropſy and Jaundice, being íteeped in Wine and drank; it helps thoſe continual Agues that come by the Plenty of stubborn Humours; an Oil made thereof by ſetting in the Sun, with fome Lauda- num added to it, provoketh Sweating, (the Ridge of the Back being anointed therewith) and thereby driveth away the ſhaking Fits of the Ague It will not abide any long boiling, for it loſeth its chief Strength thereby; nor much beating, for the finer Powder doth provoke Vomits and U- rine, and the coarſer purgeth downwards. The common Uſe hereof is, to take the Juice of five or ſeven Leaves in a little Drink to cauſe Vomiting; the Roots have alſo the fame Virtue, though they do not operate fo forcibly; they are very effectual againſt the Biting of Serpents, and therefore are put as an Ingredient both into Mithridate and Serpents, Head, Me- Venice-Treacle. TheLeaves and Roots mory- being boiledin Lee, and the Head often waſhed therewith while it was warm, comforteth the Head and Brain that is ill affected by taking cold, and helpeth the Memory. I hall 24 The Engliſh Phyfician Enlarged. a I I ſhall deſire ignorant People to forbear the Uſe of the Leaves; the Roots purge more gently, and may prove bene- ficial in ſuch as have Cancers, or old putrified Ulcers, or Fiftula's, upon their Bodies, to take a Dram of them in Pow- der in a Quarter of a Pint of White-Wine in the Morning The Truth is, I fancy purging and vomiting Medicines as Jictle as any Man breathing doth, for they weaken Nature, nor ſhall ever advife them to be uſed unleſs upon urgent Ne. cefiity. If a Phyſician be Nature's Servant, it is his Duty to ſtrengthen his Miſtreſs as much a. he can, and weaken her as little as may be. Aſparagus, Sparagus, or Sperage. Deſcriçx] T riſeth up at firſt with divers white and green ſcaly Heads, very brittle or eaſy to break while they are young, which afterward riſe upin very long and ſlender green Stalks,of the Bigneſs of an ordinary riding Wand, at the Bottom of moſt, or bigger or lefer, as the Roots are of growth ; on which are ſet divers Branches of green Leaves ſhorter and {imaller than Fennel to the Top; at the Joints whereof come forth fmall moffy yellowiſh Flowers, which turn into round Berries, green at firſt, and of an excellent red Colour when they are ripe, fhewing like Bead, or Coral, wherein are contained exceeding hard black Seeds, the Roots are diſperſed from a ſpongeous Head into many long, thick and round Strings,wherein is fuck- ed much Nouriſhment out of the Ground, and increaſeth plentifully thereby. Prickly Aſparagus, or Sperage. T groweth uſually in Gardens, and ſome of it grows wild in Appleton Meadows in Glouceſter- bire, where the poor People do gather the Buds or young Shoots, and fell them cheaper than our Garden Alparagus is fold at London. Time.] They do for the moſt Part Aower, and bear their Berries late in the Year, or not at all, althcugh they are houſed in Winter. Government and Virtues.] They are both under the Domi- nion of Jupiter. The young Buds or Branches boiled in or- dinary Broth, make the Belly foluble Belly, Strangury, Dy- and open, and boiled in White-wine, Jury, Gout, Sciatica, provoke Urine, being ftopp'd, and is Eyes, Tooth-ach, good againſt the Strangury or Difficulty of Difer pt.) I The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 25 of making Water; it expelleth the Gravel and Stone out of the Kidneys, and helpeth Pains in the Reins. And boiled in White-wine or Vinegar, it is prevalent for them that have their Arteries looſened, or are troubled with the Hip-Gout or Sciatica. The Decoction of the Roots boiled in Wine and taken, is good to clear the Sight, and being held in the Mouth eaſeth the Tooth-ach; and being taken faſting ſeveral Morn- ings together, ftirreth up bodily Luit in Man or Woman (whatever fome have written to the contrary.) The Gar- den Aſparagus nouriſheth more than the wild, yet hath it the fame Effects in all the afore-mentioned Diſeaſes: The De- coction of the Roots in White-wine, and the Back and Belly bathed therewith, or kneeling or lying down in the fame, or fitting therein as a Bath, hath been found effeciual againſt Pains of the Reins and Bladder, Pains of the Mother and Cholick, and gene Reins, Bladder, Mo- rally againſt all Pains that happen to ther, Cramp, Cholic, the lower Parts of the Body, and no Convulſion. leſs effe&ual againſt ſtiff and benummed Sinews, or thoſe that are ſhrunk by Cramps and Convulfions, and helpeth the Sciatica. 20 Afh-Tree. T HIS is ſo well known, that Time will be miſpent in writing a Deſcription of it; and therefore I ſhall only inſiſt upon the Virtues of it Government and Virtues.] It is governed by the Sun; and the young tender Tops, with the Leaves taken inwardly, and fome of them outwardly applied are fin- gular good againſt the Biting of Viper, Adder and Viper Adder, or any other venomous Beaſt; and the Water diſtilled therefrom being biting, Droply, Stones saken a ſmall Quantity every Morning Scabs, Scald-Heads, Jaundice, Leproſy, fafting, is a fingular Medicine for thoſe that are ſubject to Dropſy, or to abate Stitches , Stone, Dj- the Greatneſs of thoſe that are too groſs fury, Rickets. or fat. The Decoction of the Leaves in White-wine helpeth to break the Stone, and expel it, and cureth the Jaundice. The Aſhes of the Bark of the Ath made into Lee, and thoſe Heads bathed therewith, which are leprous, ſcabby, or ſcald, they are thereby cureda a 26 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The Kernels within the Huſks, commonly called Afhen Keys, prevail againſt Stitches and Pains in the sides, proceeding of Wind, and voideth away the Stone by provoking Urine. I can juſtly except againſt none of all this, fave only the firſt, viz. That Aſh-tree Tops and Leaves are good againſt the Bitings of Serpents and Vipers. I ſuppoſe this had its Riſe from Gerard, or Pliny, both which hold, That there is ſuch an Antipathy between an Adder and an Ath-tree, that if an Ad- der be encompaſs'd round with Aſh-tree Leaves, ſhe'll ſooner run through the fire than through the Leaves : The con- trary to which is the Truth, as both my Eyes are Witneſs. The reſt are Virtues ſomething likely, only if it be in Winter when you cannot get the Leaves, you may fafely uſe the Bark inſtead of them. The Keys you may eaſily keep all the Year, gathering them when they are ripe. Avens, called alſo Colewort, and Herb Bonet. T Deſcript.] HIS ordinary Avens hath many long, rough, dark green winged Leaves, riſing from the Root, every one made of many Leaves ſet on each side of the middle Rib, the largeſt three whereof grow at the End, and are ſnipp'd or dented round about the Edges; the other being fmall pieces, ſometimes two and ſometimes four, ftanding on each Side of the middle Rib underneath them. Among which do riſe up divers rough or hairy Stalks about two foot high, branching forth with Leaves at every Joint, not ſo long as thoſe below, but almoſt as much cut in on the Edges, ſome into three Parts, fome into more. On the Tops of the Branches ftand ſmall, pale, yellow Flowers, conſiſting of five Leaves, like the Flowers of Cinquefoil, but large, in the Middle where- of ftandeth a ſmall green Herb, which when the Flower is fallen, groweth to be round, being made of many long greeniſh purple Seeds (like Grains) which will ftick upon your Cloaths. The Root conſiſts of many browniſh Strings or Fibres, ſmelling ſomewhat like unto Cloves, eſpecially thoſe which grow in the higher, hotter, and drier Grounds, and in free and clear Air. Place.] They grow wild in many places under Hedges Sides, and by the Pathways in Fields; yet they rather de- light to grow in ſhadowy than ſunny Places. Time.] They flower in May and June for the moſt part, and their Seedis ripe in July at the fartheft. Government The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 27 Government and Virtues.] It is governed by Jupiter, and that gives Hopes of a wholſome healthful Herb. Tis good for the Diſeaſes of the Cheſt or Breaſt, for Pains, Stitches in the Side, and to Breaft, Wind, Stitch- expel crude and raw Humours from the es, Belly, Stomach, Belly and Stomach, bythe ſweet Savour inward Wounds, 06- and warming Quality. It diſſolves the ſtructions, Cholick, inward congealed Blood happening by Hea t, cold Brain, Falls or Bruiſes, and the ſpitting of Fluxes, Ruptures, Blood, if the Roots, either green or dry, Spots and Marks in be boiled in Wine and drank; as allo the Face, Plague, all Manner of inward Wounds or out- Poiſon, Indigeſtion. ward, if waſhed or bathed therewith. The Decoction alſo being drank, comforts the Heart, and ſtrengtheneth the Stomach and a cold Brain, and therefore is good in the Spring-time to open Obitructions of the Liver, and helpeth the Wind Cholick; it alſo helps thoſe that have Fluxes, or are burften, or have a Rupture; it taketh away Spots or Marks in the Face, being waſhed therewith. The Juice of the freſh Root, or Powder of the dried Root, hath the ſame Effect with the Decoction The Root in the Spring Time ſteeped in Wine, doth give it a delicate Savour and Taſte, and being drank fafting every morning, comforteth the Heart, and is a good Preſervative againft the Plague, or any other PoiſonIt helpeth Digeftion, and warmeth a cold Stomach, and openeth Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen. It is very ſafe, you need have no Doſe preſcribed ; and is very fit to be kept in every Body's Houſe. a Balm. T! HIS Herb is ſo well known to be an Inhabitant al moſt in every Garden, that I ſhall not need to write any Deſcription thereof, although the Virtues thereof, which are many, may not be omitted. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Jupiter, and under Cancer, and ſtrengthens Nature much in all its Actions. Let a Syrup made with the Juice of it and Sugar (as you ſhall be taught at the latter End of the Book) be kept in every Gentlewoman's Houſe, to relieve the weak Stomachs and fick Bodies of their poor fickly Neighbours; as alſo the Herb kept dry in the Houſe, that ſo with other convenient Simples, 28 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. , Simples, you may make it into an Electuary with Honey, according as the Diſeaſe is, you ſhall be taught at the latter End of my Book. The Arabian Phyſicians have extolled the Virtues thereof to the Skies; although the Greeks thought it not worth mentioning. Seraphi faith, Mind, Heart, Faint- It cauſeth the Mind and Heart to be- ings, Swoonings, Me- come merry and reviveth the Heart, lancholy. Indigeſtion. Fainting in Swoonings, eſpecially of Obftruction of the ſuch who are overtaken in Sleep, and Brain, Heart, driveth away all troubleſome Cares and , Arteries, venomous Thoughts out of the Mind ariſing from Beaſts, mad Dogs, Melancholy or black Choler; which Terms provokes, Avicen alſo confirmeth. It is very good Tooth-ach, Bloody- to help Digeftion, and open Obſtructions Fiux, Muſhrooms, of the Brain, and hath ſo much purging Difficulty of Breath- Quality in it (faith Avicen) as to expel ing, Gout, Liver, thoſe melancholy Vapours from the Spleen. Spirits and Blood which are in the Heart and Arteries, although it can- not do ſo in other parts of the Body. Dinfcorides faith, That the Leaves fteeped in Wine, and the Wine drank, and the Leaves externally applied, is a Remedy againſt the Stings of a Scorpion, and the biting of mad Dogs; and commend- ; eth the Decoction thereof for Women to bathe or ſit in to pro- cure their Courſes; it is good to waſh aking Teeth therewith, and profitable for thoſe that have the Bloody-Flux. The Leaves alſo with a little Nitre taken in Drink, are good againſt a Surfeit of Muſhrooms, helps the Griping Pains of the Belly; and being made into an Electuary, it is good for them that cannot fetch their Breath: Uſed with Salt, it takes away Wens, Kernels or hard Swellings in the Fleſh or Throat; it cleanſeth foul Sores and eaſeth Pains of the Gout, It is good for the Liver and Spleen. A Tanfy or Caudle made with Eggs, and Juice thereof while it is young, putting to it fome Sugar and Roſe water, is Women in Chid-bid, good for a Woman in Child-bed, when а Fairting in Travel, the After-birth is not thoroughlyvoided, Boils. and for their Faintings upon or in their fore Travel The Herb bruiſed and boiled in a little Wine and Oil, and laid warm on a Boil, will ripen it and break it. Barberry The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 29 , Barberry. TH HE Shrub is ſo well known by every Boy and Girl that hath but attained to the Age of ſeven Years, that it needs no Deſcription. Government and Virtues.] Mars owns the Shrub, and pre- ſents it to the Uſe of my Countrymen to purge their Bodies of Choler. The inner Rind of the Bar- Choler, Scabs, Itch, berry-tree boil'd in White Wine,anda Quarter of a Pint drank each Morning, Boils, Yellore Jaun- Terters Ringworms, is an excellent Remedy to cleanſe the Body of cholerick Humours, and freeit dice, Agues, Burn- from ſuch Diſeaſes as Choler caufeth, ings, Scalding, Ap- fuch be Scabs, Itch, Tetters, Ring- petite boft, Hair. worms, Yellow Jaundice, Boils, &c. It is excellent for hot Agues, Burnings, Scaldings, Heat of the Blood, Heat of the Liver, Bloody Flux ; for the Berries are as good as the Bark, and more pleaſing, they get a Man a good Stomach to his Vic- tuals, by ftrengthening the attractive Faculty, which is un- der Mars, as you may fee more at large at the latter End of my Ephemeris for the Year 1651: The Hair waſhed with the Lee made of the Aſhes of the Tree and Water, will make it turn yellow, viz. of Mars's own Colour. The Fruit and Rind of the Shrub, the Flowers of Broom and of Heath, or Furz, cleanſe the Body of Choler by Sympathy, as the Flowers, Leaves and Bark of the Peach-tree do by Antipathy; becauſe theſe are under Mars, that under Venus. T! Barley. HE continual Uſefulneſs hereof hath made all in gea neral ſo acquainted herewith, that it is altogether need- leſs to deſcribe, its ſeveral Kinds hereof plentifully growing, being yearly ſown in this Land. The Virtues thereof take as followeth. Government and Virtues.] It is a notable Plant of Saturn; if you view deligently its Efect by Sympathy and Antipathy, you may eaſily perceive a Reaſon of them; as alſo why Barley-bread is ſo unwholſome for Melancholy People. . Barley in all the Parts and Compoſitions thereof (except Malt) is more cooling than Wheat, and a little cleanſing : And all the Preparations thereof, as Barley-water and other a Things 30 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Fevers, Agues, Things made thereof, do give great Stomach, Apoft- Nouriſhment to Perſons troubled with bumes, Inflamma- Fevers, Agues, and Heats in the Sto- tions, Spleen. mach. A Poultice made of Barley-meal or Flour boiled in Vinegar and Honey, and a few dry Figs put into them, diffolveth all hard Impoſt- humes, and affwageth Inflammations, being thereto applied. And being boiled with Melilot and Camomile-flowers and fome Linſeed, Fenugreek and Rue in Powder, and applied warm, it eaſeth Pains in Side and Stomach, and Windineſs of the Spleen. The Meal of Barley and Fleawort boiled in Wa. ter, and made a Poultice with Honey and Oil of Lilies applied warm,cureth Swellings under the Ears, Ears, Throat, Neck, Throat, Neck, and ſuch like ; and a King's Evil, Leprefy, Plaiſter made thereof with Tar, Wax, Flux, Gout, Itch, and Oil, helpeth the Kirg's Evil in the Eyes. Throat; boiled with tharpVinegar into a Poultice, and laid on hot, helpeth the Leproſy, being boiled in red wine with Pomgranate Rinds, and Myrtles, ftayeth the Laſk or other Flux of the Belly; boiled with Vinegar and Quince, it eafeth the Pains of the Gout; Barley-flower, white Salt, Honey and Vinegar mingled together, taketh away the Itch ſpeedily and certainly. The Water diſtilled from the green Barley in the End of May, is very good for thoſe that have Defluctions of Humours fallen into their Eyes,and eaſeth the Pain being dropped into them; or White Bread ſteeped therein, and bound on the Eyes, doth the ſame. Garden-Bazil, or Sweet-Bazil. ) Deſcript.) Tally with one upright.alk diverlly branch- HE greater or ordinary up uſu- ing forth on all Sides, with two Leaves at every Joint, which are ſomewhat broad and round, yet pointed, of a pale green colour, but freſh, a little ſnip'd about the Edges, and of a frong healthy Scent. The Flowers are ſmall and white, and ftanding at the Tops of the Branches, with two ſmall Leaves at the Joints, in ſome Places green, in others brown, after which come black Seed. The Root periſheth at the Ap- proach of Winter, and therefore muſt be new fown every Year. Place.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 31 Place.] It groweth in Gardens. Time.] It muſt be lowed late, and flowers in the Heart of Summer, being a very tender Plant. Government and Virtues.] This is the Herb which all Au- thors are together by the Ears about, and rail at one another (like Lawyers). Galen and Diofcorides hold it not fitting to be taken inwardly; and Chry ppus rails at it with downright Billinſgate Rhetoric; Pling, and the Arabian Phyficians, defend it. For mine own Part, I prefently found that Speech true; Non noftrum inter nos tantas componere lites. And away to Dr. Reaſon went I, who told me it was an Herb of Mars, and under the Scorpion, and perhaps therefore called Bafilicon, and 'tis no marvel if it carry a kind of virulent Quality with it. Being Venomous Beafts, applied to the Place bitten by venomous Bees, Beafts, or ftung by a Wafp, or Hornet, Hornets. it ſpeedily draws the Poiſon to it; Every like draws his like. Mizaldus affirms, that it being laid to rot in Horſe-dung it will breed venomous Beaſts. Hilarius, a French Phyſician,affirms upon his own Knowledge, that an Acquaint- ance of his, by common ſmelling to it, had a Scorpion bred in his Brain. Something is the Matter this Herb and Rue will not grow together, no, nor near one another; and we know Rue is as great an Enemy to Poiſon as any grows. To conclude: It expelleth both Birth and After-birth; aud as it helps the deficiency of Venus in one kind, ſo it fpoils all her Actions in another, I dare write no more of it. Waſps, The Bay-Tree. HIS is ſo well known that it needs no Deſcription ; I Thall therefore only write the Virtues thereof, which are many Government and Virtues.] I ſhall but only add a Word or two to what my friend hath written, viz. That it is a Tree of the Sun, and under the Celeſtial Sign Leo, and reſifteth Witchcraft very potently, as alſo all the Evils old Saturn can do to the Body of Witchcraft. Man, and they are not a few ; for it is the Speech of one, and I am miſtaken if it were not Mi. zaldus, that neither Witch nor Devil, Thunder nor Light- ning, 32 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . ning, will hurt a Man in the Place where a Bay-tree is. Galen ſaid, That the Leaves or Bark do dry and heal very much, and the Berries more than the Leaves, the Bark of the Root is leſs ſharp and hot, but more bitter, and hath fome Aftriction withal, whereby it is Stone, Obſtructions of effectual to break the Stone, and good the Livir and Spleen, to open Obſtructions of the Liver, Dropſy, Poifon, faun- Spleen, and other inward Parts, which dice, Bees, Waſps, bring the Dropſy, Jaundice, &c. The , & Hornets, Terms pro- Berries are very effectual againſt all vokes, eaſes Delivery, Poiſon of venomous Creatures, and the After-tirth, Cough, Sting of Waſps and Bees; as alſo a- Eyes, Lungs, hort gainſt the Peſtilence, or other infectious Breath, Megrim, Diſeaſes, and therefore put into ſundry Wind, Vertigo, Dy- Treacles for that Purpoſe : They like- Jury, Mother, Worms, wife procure Womens Courſes ; and Joints, Nerves, Ar- ſeven of them given to a Woman in terries. fore Travel of Child-birth, do cauſe a ſpeedy Delivery, and expel the After- birth, and therefore not to be taken by ſuch as have not gone out their Time, left they procure Abortion, or cauſe Labour tuo foon. They wonderfully help all Cold and Rheumatic Diſtillations from the Brain to the Eyes, Lungs, or other Parts; and being made into an Electuary with Honey, do help the Conſumption, old Coughs, Shortneſs of Breath and thin Rheums; as alſo the Megrim. They mightily expel the Wind, and provoke Urine; help the Mother, and kill the Worms. The Leaves alſo work the like Effects. A Bath of the Decoction of the Leaves and Berries, is fingulas good for Women to fit in, that are troubled with the Mother, or the Diſeaſes thereof, or the Stoppings of their Courſes, or for the Diſeaſes of the Bladder, Pains in the Bowels by Wind and Stopping of Urine. A Decoction likewiſe of equal Parts of Bayberries, Cummin-feed, Hyſſop, Origanum, and Euphorbium, with ſome Honey, and the Head bathed there. with, doth wonderfully help Diſtillations and Rheums, and fettleth the Palate of the Mouth into its Place. The Oil made of the Berries is very comfortable in all cold Griefs of the Joints, Nerves, Arteries, Stomach, Belly, or Womb, and helpeth Palfies, Convulſions, Cramps, Aches, Tremblings and Numbneſs in any Part, Wearinels alfo, and Pains that come by fore Travelling. All Griefs and Pains proceeding from Wind, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 33 B: Wo- Wind either in the Head, Stomach, Back, Belly or Womb, by anointing the Parts affected there- with ; And Pains in the Ears are alſo Stomach, Womb, Bel. cured by dropping in ſome of the Oil, ly, Ears, Marks in or by receiving into the Ears the Fume the Skin, Itch, Scabs. of the Decoction of the Berries through a Funnel. The Oil takes away the Marks of the Skin and Fleſh by Bruiſes, Falis, &c. and diffolveth the congeale i Blood in them : It helpeth alſo the Itch, Scabs, and Weals in the Skin. Beans. Oth the Garden and Field Beans are ſo well known, that it fave me the Labour of writing any Deſcription of them. Their Virtues follow. Government and Virtues.] They are Plants of Venus, and the diſtilled Water of the Flower of Garden Beans is good to clean the Face and Skin from Spots and Wrinkles, and the Mealor Flour of Spots, Stone, Dyfury, them, or the ſmall Beans doth the ſame. Inflaminations, The Water diſtilled from the green mens Breaſts, Felons Huſks, is held to be very effectual againſt or Andicoms, Boiis, the Stone, and to provoke Urine. Bean- Er uiſes, Ears, Eyes, flour is uſed in Poultices to affwaye In- Leeches, Cods, Swel- Aammations riſing upon Wounds, and lings, Flux, Pain, the Swelling of Womens Breaſts, cauſed Sinews, Gout, Scia- by the Curdling of their Milk, and re- tica. preſſeth their Milk: Flour of Beans and Fenugreek mixed with Honey, and applied to Felons, Boils, Bruiſes, or blew Marks by Blows, or the Impoft- humes in the Kernels of the Ears, helpeth them all; and with Roſe Leaves, Frankincenſe, and the White of an Egg, being applied to the Eyes, helpeth them that are ſwoln or de water, or have received any Blow upon them, if uſed with Wine. If a Bean be parted in two, the Skin being taken away, and laid on the place where the Leech hath been ſet that bleedeth too much, ſtayeth the Bleeding. Bean- four boiled to a Poultice with Wine and Vinegar, and ſome Oil put thereto, caſeth both Pains and Swellings of the Cods. The Huſks boiled in Water to the Conſumption of a third Part thereof, ſtayeth a Laſk: And the Aſhes of the Huſks, made up with old Hogs-greaſe, helpeth the old Pains, Con- tufions, 34 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Defcript.) T tuſions and Wounds of the Sinews, the Sciatica and Gout. The Field Beans have all the aforementioned Virtues as the Garden Beans. Beans eaten are extreme windy Meat; but if after the Dutch Faſhion, when they are half boiled you huſk them, and then fiew them (I cannot tell you how, for I never was Cook in all my Life) they are wholſome Food. French Beans. ] His French cr Kidney Bean, ariſeth at firſt but with one Stalk, which afterwards divides it- felfinto many Arms or Branches, but all fo weak that if they be not ſuftained with Sticks, or Poles, they will be fruitleſs upon the Ground. At ſeveral Places of theſe Branches grow Foot Stalks, each with three broad, round and pointed green Leaves at the End of them, towards the Top comes forth divers Flowers made like unto Peafe Bloſſoms, of the ſame Colour for the moft part that the Fruit will be of; that is to ſay, white, yellow, red, blackiſh or of a deeper purple, but white is moſt uſual ; after which come long and ſlender ftatCods, ſome crooked, fome ſtrait, with a String running down the Back thereof wherein is flat- tiſh round Fruit made like a Kidney; the Root Long, ſpread- eth with many Strings annexed to it, and periſheth every Year. There is another Soit of French Beans commonly growing with us in this Land; which is called the Scarlet flowered Beon. This ariſeth with fundry Branches as the other, but runs higher, to the Length of Hop-poles, about which they grow twining but turning contrary to the Sun, having Foot-Stalks with three Leaves on each, as on the other; the Flowers alſo are like the other, and of a moft Orient Scarlet Colour. The Beans are larger than the ordinary Kind, of a dead purple Colour turning black when ripe and dry: The Root periſh- eth in Winter. Government and Virtues.] Theſe alſo belong to Dame Venus, and being dried and beat to Powder, are as great Strengtheners of the Kidneys as any are ; neither is there a better Remedy than it, a Dram at a Time taken in White Winę, to prevent the Stone or to cleanſe the Kidneys Dyfury, ſhortneſs of Breath, incite to Ve- of Gravel or Stoppage. The ordi- nary French Beans are of an eafy Di- nery. geftion; they move the Belly, provoke Urine, enlarge the Breaſt that is ſtrengthened with Short- neſs of Breath, engender Sperm, and incite to Venery, : a The Eng'iff Phyſician Enlarged. 35 B And the ſcarlet coloured Beans, in Regard of the glorious Beauty of their Colour, being ſet near a Quickſet Hedge, will bravely adorn the A gallant Shew. ſame by climbing up thereon, ſo that they may be diſcerned a great way, not without Admiration of the Beholders at a Diſtance. But they will go near to kill the Quickſets by cloathing them in Scarlet. Ladies Bed-ſtraw. Efides the common Name above written, it is called Cheeſe-Rennet, becauſe it performs the ſame Office ; as alſo Gallion, Pettimugget, and Maid-Hair; and by fome wild Roſemary, Deſcript.] This riſeth up with divers ſmall, brown and ſquare upright Stalks a Yard high or more; ſometimes branches forth into divers Parts, full of Joints, and with divers very fine ſmall Leaves at every one of them, little or nothing rough at all; At the Tops of the Branches grow many long Tufts or Branches of yellow Flywers very thick ſet together, from the ſeveral Joints which conſiſt of four Leaves a piece, which ſmell ſomewhat ſtrong, but not unpleaſant. The Seed is ſmall and black like Poppy Seed, two for moſt Part joined together: The Root is reddiſh, with many ſmall Threads faſtened unto it, which takes ſtrong hold of the Ground; and creepeth a little ; and the Branches leaning a little down to the Ground, take Root at the Joints thereof, whereby it is eaſily increaſed. There is another Sort of Ladies Bed-ſtrawgrowing frequent- ly in England which beareth white Flowers as the other doth yellow; but the Branches of this are ſo weak that unleſs it be ſuſtained by the Hedges, or other Things near which it grow- eth, it will lie down to the Ground; the Leaves a little bigger than the former, and the Flowers not ſo plentiful as theſe; and the Root hereof is alſo thready and abiding. Place.] They grow in Meadows and Paſtures both wet and dry, and by the Hedges. Time.] They flowea in May for the moſt part, and the Seed is ripe in July and Auguft. Government and Virtues.] They are both Herbs of Venus, and therefore ſtrengthening the Parts both Internal and Ex- ternal, which ſhe rules. The Decoction of the former of thoſe being drank, is good to fret and break the Stone, provoke Urine, ſtayeth Stone, Dyfury, Bleed- inward 36 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. ing Wounds, burn- inward Bleeding, and healeth inward ings, Wearine/s, gal. Wounds. The Herb or flower bruiſed Led Feet, ſtiffness of and put up into the Noftrils, ſtayeth Joints, Scabs, Itch. their Bleeding likewiſe: The Flowers and Herbs being made into an Oil, by being ſet in the Sun and changed after it hath ſtood ten or twelve Days; or into an Ointment being boiled in Axunga, o Sallet Oil, with ſome Wax melted therein, after it is ftrained ; either the Oil, made thereof, or the Ointment, do help Burnings with Fire, or Scaldings with Water: The ſame alſo, or the Decoction of the Herb and Flower, is good to bathe the Feet of Travellers and Lacquies, whoſe long Running cauſeth Wearineſs and Stiffneſs in their Sinews and Joints. If the Decoction be uſed warm, and the Joints afterwards anointed with Ointment, it helpeth the dry Scab, and the Itch in Children ; and the Herb with the white Flower is alſo very good for the Sinews, Arteries, and Joints, to comfort and ſtrengthen them after Travel, Cold, and Pains. Beets. F Beets there are two Sorts, which are beſt known ge- nerally, and wkereof I ſhall principally treat at this Time, viz. the white and red Beets, and their Virtues. Deſcript.] The common white Beet hath many great Leaves next the Ground, ſomewhat large, and of a whitiſh green Co- lour. The Stalk is great, ſtrong, and ribbed, bearing great ſtore of Leaves upon it, almoſt to the very Top of it: 'The Flowers grow in very long Turfs, ſmall at the End, and turning down their Heads, which are ſmall, pale, greeniſh, yellow Buds, giv- ing cornered prickly Seed. The Root is great, long, and hard, and when it hath given Seed, is of no uſe at all. The common red Beet differeth not from the white, but only it is leſſer, and the Leaves and the Roots are fomewhat red: The Leaves are differently red, ſome only with red Stalks cr Veirs; ſome of a freſh red, and others of a dark red. The Root thereof is red, ſpungy, and not uſed to be eaten. Government and Virtues.] The Government of theſe two Sorts of Beets are far different; the red Beet being under Sa- turn, and the White under Jupiter; therefore take the Virtues , of them apart, each by himſelf: The Cleanſe, Digeſt, Dy- white Deet doth much looſen the Belly and O a a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 37 venomous and is of a cleanſing, digeſting Qua- fury, Obſtructions of lity, and provoketh Urine. The Juice the Liver and Spleen, of it openeth Obſtructions both of Vertigo, the Liver and Spleen, and is good for Beofts, Burning, St. the Head-ach and Swimmings therein, Anthony's Fire, and Turnings of the Brain ; and is Wheals, Bliſters, Chil- effectual alſo againſt all venomous blais, Kibes, bichi, Creatures; and applied unto the Tem- Dandruff, Scabs, Ul- ples, ftayeth Inflammations in the cers, Cankers, Bald- Eyes; it helpeth Burnings, being uſed neſs. without Oil, and with a little Alum put to it; it is good for St. Anthony's Fire. It is good for all Wheals, Puſhes, Bliſters, and Blains in the Skin: The Herb boiled and laid upon Chilblains or Kibes, helpeth them. The Decoction thereof in Water and ſome Vinegar, healeth the Itch, if bathed therewith, and cleanſeth the Head of Dandruff, Scurf, and dry Scabs, and doth much Good for fretting and running Sores, Ulcers, and Cankers in the Head, Legs, or other Parts, and is much commended againſt Baldneſs and ſhedding the Hair. The Red-Beet is good to ſtay the Bloody-flux, Womens Courſes, and Flux, Terms, Atops the Whites, and to help the Yellow Whites, ſtinking Jaundice: The Juice of the Root put Breath, Noiſe in the into the Noſtrils, purgeth the Head, Ears, Smell left. helpech the Noiſe in the Ears, and the Tooth-ach ; the Juice ſnuffed up the Noſe, helps a ſtink- ing Breath, if the Cauſe lies in the Noſe, as many times it doth, if any Bruiſe hath been there ; as alſo Want of Smell .coming that Way. Water-Betony. ALLED alſo Brown-Wort, and in Yorkſhire, Biſhops- Lea-ves. Defcript.] Firſt, of the Water-Betony, which riſeth up with ſquare, hard, greeniſh Stalks, ſometimes brown, ſet with broad dark green Leaves dented about the Edges with Notches fome- what reſembling the Leaves of the Wood-Betony, but much larger too, for the moſt part ſet at a Joint. The Flowers are many, ſet at the Tops of the Stalks and Branches, being round bellied and open at the Brims, and divided into ewo Parts, the uppermoſt being like a Hood, and the lowermoſt like a Lip с hanging CA С 38 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. hanging down, of a dark red Colour, which paſſing, there comes in their Places ſmall round Heads with ſmall Points at the Ends, wherein lie fmall and browniſh Seeds: The Root is a thick Buſh of Strings and Shreds growing from the Head. Place.] It groweth by the Ditch-ſide, Brooks, and other Water-courſes, generally through this Land, and is ſeldom found far from the Water-fide. Time.] It flowereth about July, and the feed s ripe in Au- guft. Government and Virtues.] Water-Betony is an Herb of Jupiter in Cancer, and is appropriated more to Wounds and Hurts in the Breaſts than Wood Betony, which follows: It is an excellent Remedy for fick Hogs. It is of a clean- fing Quality : The Leaves bruiſed and applied are effectual for all old and filthy Ulcers ; and Ulcers. eſpecially if the Juice of the Leaves be boiled with a little Honey, and dipped therein, and the Sores dreſſed Bruiſes. therewith ; a6 alſo for Bruiſes or Hurts, whether inward or outward : The diſtilled Water of the Leaves is uſed for the ſame Pur- poſes; as alſo to bathe the Face and Sun-burning Hands fpotted or blemiſhed or diſco- loured by Sun-burning. I confefs I do not much fancy diſtilled Waters, I mean ſuch Waters as are diſtilled cold ; fome Virtues of the Herb they may happily have (it were a ſtrange Thing elſe ;) but this I am confident of, that being diſtilled in a Pewter Still, as the vulgar and apiſh Faſhion is, both chymical Oil and Salt is left behind, unleſs you born them, and then all is ſpoiled, Water and all, which was good for as little as can be by ſuch a Diſtillation. You may have the beſt way of Diſtillation in my Tranſlation of the London Diſpenſatory. Wood-Betony. C Deſcript.) Ommon or Wood-Betony hath many Leaves riſing from the Root, which are ſomewhat broad and round at the End, roundly dented about the Ed- ges, ſtanding upon long Foot-ſtalks, from among which ariſeup small, ſquare, flender, but upright hairy Stalks, with ſome Leaves The Engliſh Pbyſicias Enlarged. 39 Leaves thereon two a piece at the Joints, ſmaller than the low- er, whereon are fet ſeveral ſpiked Heads of Flowers like La. vender, but thicker and ſhorter for the moſt part, and of a red- diſh or purple Colour, ſpotted with white Spots both in the up- per and lower part. The Seeds being contained within the Huſks that hold the Flowers, are blackiſh, ſomewhat long and uneven. The Roots are many white thready Strings; the Stalk periſheth, but the Roots, with ſome Leaves thereon, abide all the Winter. The whole plant is ſomething ſmall. Place.] It groweth frequently in Woods, and delighteth in ſhady Places. Time.] And it flowereth in July; after which the Seed is quickly ripe, yet in its prime in May. Government and Virtues.] The Herb is appropriated to the Planet Jupiter, and the Sign Aries. Antonius Muſa, Phyſi- cian to the Emperor Auguſtus Cæfar, wrote a peculiar Book of the Virtues of this Herb; and amongſt other Virtues, faith of it, That it preſerveth the Liver and Bodies of Men from the Danger of epidemical Dif- eaſes, and from Witchcrafts alſo ; it Epidemical Diſeaſes, is found by daily Experience to be Witchcrafts, Appetite, good for many Diſeaſes; it helpeth Indigeſtion, Stomach, thoſe that loath or cannot digeft Belching, Jaundice, their Meat, thoſe that have weak Sto. Falling-fickneſs, Pal- machs, or four Belchings, or continually, Convulſon,fbrink- Riſing in their Stomach, uſing it fa- ing of the Sinews, miliarly either green or dry ; either the Gout, Droply, Phrer- Herb or Root, or the Flowers in Broth, ly, Cough, Cold, Drink, or Meat, or made into Con- Shortneſs of Breath, ſerve, Syrup, Water, Electuary, or Agues, for all fore Powder, as every one may beſt frame Eyes,Worms, Obfi uc- themſelves unto, or as the Time or Sea- tions of the Liver ſon requireth; taken any of the afore, and Spleen, Stitches, faid Ways, it helpeth the Jaundice, Pains in the back and Falling-Sickneſs, the Palſy, Conval-Belly, Terms pro- fions or ſhrinking of the Sinews, the wokes, Mother, Child- Gout, and thoſe that are inclined to birth, Stone, Tooth- Dropſy, thoſe that have continual ach, venomous Beafts, Pains in their Heads, altho' it turn mad Dogs, Weari. to Phrenſy. The powder mixed with neſs, Bleeding at the pure Honey, is no leſs available for Mouth and Nee, Pif- all Sorts of Coughs or Colds, Wheef- fing and Spitting of C2 in 40 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Blood, Rupture, Brui. ing or Shortneſs of Breath, Diſtil- fes, Wounds, Veins, lations of thin Rheum upon the and Sinews, old Ul- Lungs, which cauſeth Conſumptions, cers, Fiſtula, Boils, The Decoction made with Mead, and Ears. a little Penny-royal, is good for thoſe that are troubled with putrid Agues, whether Quotidian, Tertian, or Quartan, and to draw down and evacuate the Blood and Humours, that by falling into the Eyes, do hinder the Sight; the D-coction thereof made in Wine, and taken, killeth the Worms in the Belly, openeth Obſtructions both of the Spleen' and Lirer ; cureth Stitches, and the Pains in the back or Sides, the Torments and griping Pains of the Bowels, and the Wind-Cholick; and mix'd with Honey purgeth the Belly, helpeth to bring down Womens Courſes; and is of ſpecial Uſe for thoſe that are troubled with the falling down of the Mother, and Pains thercof, and cauſeth an eaſy and ſpeedy Delivery of Women in Child-birth. It helpeth alſo to break and ex- pel the Stone, either in the Bladder or Kidneys. The De- coction with Wine gargled in the Mouth, eafeth the Tooth-ach. It is commended againſt the Stinging or Bite- ing of venomous Serpents, or mad Dogs, being uſed in- wardly and applied outwardly to the Place. A Ďrachm of the Powder of Betony, taken with a little Honey in ſome Vinegar, doth wonderfully refreſh thoſe that are over wea- ried by Travel It ſtayeth Bleeding at the Mouth or Noſe, and helpeth thoſe that piſs or ſpit Blood, and thoſe that are burften or have a Rupture, and is good for ſuch as are bruiſed by any Fall or otherwiſe. The green Herb bruiſed, or the Juice applied to any inward Hurt, or out- ward green-Wound in the Head or Body, will quickly heal and cloſe it up; as alſo any Veins or Sinews, that are cut; and will draw forth any broken Bone or Splinter, Thorn or other Things gotten into the Fleſh. It is no leſs profitable for old Sores or filthy Ulcers; yea, though they be fiftulous and hollow. But ſome do adviſe to put a little Salt to this purpoſe, being applied with a little Hogs-Lard it helpeth a Plague Sore, and other Boils and Puſhes. The Fumes of the Decoction while it is warm, received by a Funnel into the Ears, eaſeth the Pains of them, deſtroyeth the Worms and cureth the running Sores in them. The Juice dropped into them, doth the ſame. The Root of Betony The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 41 IN Betony is diſpleaſing both to the Taſte and Stomach; whereas the Leaves and Flowers by their ſweet and ſpicy Tafte, are comfortable both in Meat and Medicine. Theſe are fome of the many Virtues Antony Muſe, an expert Phyſician (for it was not the Practice of Octavius Cafar to keep Fools about him, appropriates to Betony; it is a very precious Herb, that is certain, and moſt fitting to be kept in a Man's Houſe, both in Syrup, Conſerve, Oil, Ointment, and Plaifter. The Flowers are uſually conſerved The Beech-Tree. N treating of this Tree, you muſt underſtand that I mean the great Maſt-Beac! ; whichi', by Way of Diſtinction from that other ſmall rough Sort, called in Sulex the ſmaller Beech, but in Eſſex Horn beam. I ſuppoſe it is needleſs to deſcribe it, being already too well known to my countrymen. Place ] It groweth in Woods amongſt Oaks and other Trees, and in Parks, Forefts, and Chaſes, to feed Deer; and in other Places to fatten Swine. Time.] It bloometh in the End of April, or Beginning of May, for the moſt Part, and the Fruit is ripe in September. Government and Virtues.] It is a Plant of Saturn, and there- fore performs his Qualities and Proportion in theſe Operations : The Leaves of the Beech-tree are Cooling and Binding, and theref re good to be applied to hot Swel- lings to diſcuſs them: The Nuts do much Colds,Binds, hot Swel- nouriſh ſuch Beaſts as feed thereon. The lings, Titters, Scurf, Water that is found in the hollow Places Scab.. of decaying Beeches willcare both Man and Beaſt of any Scurf, Scab, or running Tetters, if they be , waſhed therewith; you may boil the leaves into a Poultice, or make an Ointment of them when Time of Year ferves. Bilberries, called by ſome Whorts, and Whortle- Berries. Deſcript. F theſe I ſhall only ſpeak of two Serts which are commonly in England, viz. The Black and Red Bilberries. And firft of the Black. The ſmall Buſh creepeth along upon the Ground, ſcarce ri- fing half a Yard high, with divers finall dark green Leaves fet 0 C 3 in 42 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. in the green Branches, not always one againſt the other, and a little dented about the Edges: At the foot of the Leaves come forth ſmall, hollow,pale, blueiſh coloured Flowers, the Brims ending in five Points, with a reddiſh Thread in the Middle, which paſs into ſmall round Berries of the Bigneſs and Colour of Juniper Berries, but of a purple, ſweetiſh, ſharp Taſte; the Juice of them giveth a purpliſh Colour in theirHands and Lips that eat and handle them, eſpecially if they break them. The Root groweth a flope under Ground, ſhooting forth in fundry Places as it creepeth. This loſeth its leaves in Winter. The Red Bilberry or Wirtle-Buſh, riſeth up like the former, having fundry hard Leaves,like the Box-tree Leaves, green and round pointed, ftanding on the ſeveral Branches, at the Top whereof only, and not from the Sides, as in the former, come forth divers round, reddiſh, fappy Berries, when they are ripe, of a ſharp Tafte. The Root runneth in the Ground, as in the former, but the leaves of this abide all the Winter. Place.] The firſt groweth in Foreſts, on the Heaths, and fuch like barren Places : The Red grows in the North Parts of this Land, as Lancaſhire, Yorkſhire, &c. , Time,] They flower in March and April, and the Fruit of the Black is ripe in July and Auguft. Government and l'irtues.] They are under the Dominion of Jupiter. It is a Pity they are uſed no more in Phyſick than The Black Bilberries are ver, Vomiting, Ap- Heat of the Liver and Stomach ; they good in hot Agues, and to cool the petité loft, Fluxes, do fomewhat bind the Belly, and ſtay Coneg h. Vomitings and Loathings; the Juice of the Berries made in a Syrup, or the Pulp made into a Conſerve with Sugar, is good for the Purpoſes aforeſaid, as alſo for an old Cough, or an Ulcer in the Lungs, or other Diſeaſes therein. The Red Wots are more binding, and it op Womens Courſes, Spitting of Blood, or any other Flux of Blocd or Humours, being uſed as well outwardly as in- wardly. Bifoil, or Twablade. His ſmall Herb, from a Root fomewhat ſweet, Agues, Stomach, Li- they are. Deſcript.] Thooting downwards many long StringsFor feth up a round green Stalk, bare or naked next the Ground for an Inch, two, or three, to the Middle thereof, as it is in Age or Growth The Engliſh, Phyſician Enlarged. 43 T Growth; as alſo from the Middle upward to the Flowers, having only two broad Plantain-like Leaves (but whiter) ſet at the middle of the Stalk one againſt another, compaſſeth it round at the Bottom of them. notre Place.] It is an uſual Inhabitant in Woods, Copfes, and in many other Places in this Land. so it in london There is another Sort groweth in wet Grounds and Mar- ſhes, which is ſomewhat different from the former. It is a ſmaller Plant, and greener, having fometimes three Leaves : The Spike of the Flowers is leſs than the former, and the Roots of this do run or creep in the Ground. They are much and often uſed by Tours many to good Purpoſe for Wounds, Wounds, Ruptures. both green and old, and to conſoli- Mos On date or knit Ruptures; and well it may, being a Plant of Saturn. Yona 9 The Birch-Tree. Deſcript.) HIS groweth a goodly tall ſtraight Tree, fraught with many Boughs, and ſlender Bran- ches bending downward; the Old being covered with a diſco- loured chapped Bark, and the Younger being browner by much. The Leaves at the firſt breaking out are crumpled, and afterwards like the Beach Leaves, but ſmaller and green- er, and dented about the Edges. It beareth ſmall ſhort Cat- ſkins, fomewhat like thoſe of the Hazel Nut-tree, which a- bide on the Branches a long Time, until growing ripe, they fall on the Ground, and their Seed with them. Place.] It uſually groweth in Woods. Government and Virtues.] It is a Tree of Venus; the Juice of the Leaves, while they are young, or the diſtilled Water of them, or the Water that comes from the Tree being bored with an Auger, and diſtilled afterwards ; any of thele being drank for ſome Days together, is available to break the Stone in the Kidney and Bladder, and is good alſo to waſh fore Mouths. Stone, Sore Mouths. Bird's-Foor. HIS fmall Herb groweth not above a Span high, with many Branches ſpread upon the Ground, fet with ma- ny Wings of ſmall Leaves. The Flowers grow upon the Branches, many ſmall ones of a pale yellow Colour being fet a-head together, which afterwards turned into ſmall jointed T C4 44 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. jointed Cods, well reſembling the Claws of ſmall Birds, whence it took its Name. There is another Sort of Birds-foot in all Things like the former, but a little larger: The Flower of a pale whitiſh red Colour, and the Cods diftinct by Joints like the other, but a little more crooked ; and the Roots do carry many ſmall white Knots or Kernels amongſt the Strings. Place. ] Theſe grow on Heaths, and many open untilled Places of this Land. Time.) They flower and feed in the End of Summer. Government and Virtues.] They belong to Saturn, and are of a drying, binding Quality, and thereby very good to be uſed in Wound-drinks; as alſo to ap- Dry, Bird, Wounds, ply outwardly for the ſame Purpofe. Stone, Rupture. But the latter Birds-foot is found by ex- perience to break the Stone in the Back or Kidneys, and drives them forth, if the Decoction thereof be taken; and it wonderfully helpeth the Rupture, being taken inwardly, and outwardly applied to the Place. All Salts have beft Operation upon the Stone, as Ointments and Paifters have upon Wounds; and therefore you nay make a Salt of this for the Stone; the Way how to do ſo may be found in my Tranſlation of the London Diſpenſatory; and it may be I may give you it again in plainer Terins at the latter end of this Book. Biſhops-Weed. Eſides the common Name Biſhop-weed, 'tis uſually known the Greek Name Ammi and Ammios; ſome call it Ethiopian Cummin-ſeed, and others Cummin Royal, as alſo Herb Wilian, and Bull-wort. Deſcript.) Common Biſhops weed riſeth up with a round ſtraight Stalk, ſometimes as high as a Man, but uſually three or four Feet high, beſet with divers ſmall, long, and ſome- what broad Leaves,cut in ſome places, and denied about the Edges, growing one againſt another, of a dark green Col ur, having fundry Branches on them, and at the Top ſmall Um- bels of white Flowers, which turn into ſmall round Seeds lit- tle bigger than Parſley-Seeds, of a quick hot Scent and Taite: The Root is white and ſtringy, periſhing yearly, and uſual- ly riſeth again onits own ſowing. Pl.ce.] It groweth wild in many Places in England and Wales, as between Greenhith and Gravelend. Ga. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . I Oderich , and moderne a 45 Government and Virtues.] It is hot and dry in the third De- of a bitter Taſte, and ſomewhat ſharp withal ; gree, it pro- vokes Luſt to purpoſe: I ſuppoſe Ve- - nus owns it. It digefteth Humours, Jokes, Wind-Cholick, Dyfury, Terms pro- provoketh Urine and Womens Cour- Venomous Beafts, ſes, diffolveth Wind, and being taken Cantharides, black in Wine it eaſeth Pain and Griping in the Bowels, and is good againſt the and blue Spots , high Colour, Mother. biting of Serpents ; it is uſed to good Effect in thoſe Medicines which are given to hinder the poi- ſonous Operation of Cantharides upon the Paſſage of the Urine; being mixed with Honey and applied to black and blue Marks, coming of Blows or Bruiſes, it takes them away; and being drank or outwardly applied, it abateth an high Colour, and makes it pale; and the Fumes thereof taken with Roiſin or Raiſons, cleanſeth the Mother. Biſtort, or Snakeweed. Tis called Snakeweed, Engliſh Serpentary, Dragon-wort, Deſcript.] This hath a thick ſhort knobbed Root, blackiſh without, and ſomewhat reddiſh within, a little crooked or turned together, of a harſh aftringent Taſte, with divers black Threads hanging there, from whence ſpring up every Year divers Leaves ſtanding upon longFoot-ſtalks, being ſomewhat broad and long like a Dock-leaf, and a little pointed at the Ends, but that it is of a blueiſh green Colour on the upper Side, and of an afh-colour, grey, and a little purpliſh underneath, with divers Veins therein, from among which riſe up divers ſmall and ſlender Stalks, two Feet high, and almoſt naked and without Leaves, or with a very few, and narrow, bearing a ſpikey Buſh of pale-coloured Flowers; which being paſt, there abideth ſmall Seed, like unto Sorrel-ſeed, but greater. There are other Sorts of Biſtort growing in this Land, but ſmaller, both in Height, Root, and Stalks, and eſpecially in the Leaves. The Root blackiſh without, and ſomewhat whic tiſh within ; of an auſtere binding Taſte, as the former. Place.] They grow in ſhadowy moiſt Woods, and at: the Foot of Hills, but are chiefly nouriſhed up in Gardens. The narrow-leafed Biſtort growerh in the North, in Lan- caſhire, Yorkſhire, and Cumberland. Time.] They flower about the End of May, and the Seed is ripe about the Beginning of July. Cs Governo a 46 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Government and Virtues.] It belongs to Saturn, and is in Operation cold and dry ; both the Leaves and Roots have Poiſon, Small-Pox, a powerful Faculty to refift all Poiſon. The Root in Powder taken in Drink Plague, Meaſles, Pur- expelleth the Venom of the Plague, ples, epidemical Dif the Small-pox, Meaſles, Purples, or eaſes, inward Bleed- any other infectious Diſeaſe, driving ing, Flux, Vomiting, it out by Sweating. The Root in Ruptures , Jaundice, Powder, the Decoction thereof in Venomous Beafts, Ul. Wine being drank, ſtayeth all manner cers, Abortion Worms, of inward Bleeding, or Spitting of Diabetes, Running of Blood, and any Fluxes in the Body of the Reins, Wounds, either Man or woman, or Vomiting. Bleeding, Matrix, It is alſo very available againſt Rup- Terms ſtops, Tooth- ach, Head, Cankers, Falls , diſolving the congealed Blood, tures, or Burſtings, or all Bruiſes of Gums, Inflammations, and eaſing the Pains that happen there- Almonds of the Ears. upon; it alſo helpeth the Jaundice. 'The Water diſtilled from both Leaves and Roots, is a fin- gular Remedy to waſh any Place bitten or ftung by any ve- nomous Creature; as alſo for any of the Purpoſes before fpo- ken of, and is very good to waſh any running Sores of Ul- cers. The Decoction of the Root in Wine being drank, hindereth Abortion or Miſcarriage in Child-bearing. The Leaves alſo kill the Worms in Children, and is a great Help to them that cannot keep their Water; if the Juice of Plan- tain be added thereto, and outwardly applied, much helpeth the Gonorrhea, or Running of the Reins. A Drachm of the Powder of the Root taken in Water thereof, wherein fome red-hot Iron or Steel hath been quenched, is alſo an ad- mirable Help thereto, ſo as the Body be firſt prepared and purged from the offenſive Humours. The Leaves, Seed, or Roots, are all very good in Decoctions, Drinks, or Lotions, for inward or outward Wounds, or other Sores. And the Powder ſtreved upon any Cut or wound in a Vein, ſtayeth the immoderate Bleeding thereof. The Decoction of the Root in Water, whereunto fome Pomegranate Pills and Flowers are added, injected into the Matrix, ſtayeth the Acceſs of Humours to the Ulcers thereof, and bringeth it to its right Place, being fallen down, and ſtayeth the immoderate Flux of the Courſes. The Root thereof, with l'ellitory of Spain, and burnt Allom, of each a little Quantity, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 47 Quantity, beaten ſmall and made into Pafte, with fome Ho- ney, and a little Piece thereof put into an hollow Tooth, or held between the Teeth, if there be no Hollowneſs in them, ſtayeth the Defluxion of Rheum upon them, which cauſeth Pains, and helps to cleanſe the Head, and void much offenſive Water. The diſtilled Water is very effectual to waſh Sores or Cankers in the Nofe, or any other Part; if the Powder of the Root be applied thereunto afterwards. It is good alſo to faften the Gums, and to take away the Heat and Inflamma- tions that happen in the Jaws. Almonds of the Throat, or Mouth, if the Decoction of the Leaves, Roots, or Seeds bruiſed, or the Juice of them ; but the Roots are moſt effec- tual to the Purpoſes aforeſaid. One-Blade. HIS ſmall Plant never beareth more than one Defcript.] Leaf, but only when it riſeth up with its Stalk, which thereon beareth another, and feldom more, which are of a blueiſh green Colour, broad at the Bottom, and pointed with many Ribs or Veins like Plantain; at the Top of the Stalk grow many ſmall Flowers Star-faſhion, ſmelling ſomewhat ſweet; after which come ſmall reddiſh Berries when they are ripe: The Root ſmall, of the Big- neſs of a Ruſh, lying and creeping under the upper Cruſt of the Earth, ſhooting forth in divers Places. - Place.] It grows in moiſt, ſhadowy, graſſy Places of Woods, in many places of this Realm. Time:] It flowereth about May, and the Berries be ripe in Fune, and then quickly periſheth, until the next Year it ſpringeth from the fame again. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of the Sun, and therefore cordial ; half a Drach..,or a Drachm at moſt of the Roots hereof in Powder, taken in Wine and Vinegar, of each a like Quantity, and the Party preſently laid to ſweat, is held to be a ſovereign Remedy for thoſe that are infected with the Plague, and have a Sore upon them, by Peſtilence, Wounds, expelling thePoiſon,and defending the , Nerves, Sinews, Heart and Spirits from Danger. It is Hurts. alſo accounted a fingular good Wound Herb, and therefore uſed with other Herbs in making ſuch Balms as are neceſſary for curing of Wounds, either green or old, and eſpecially if the Nerves or Sinews be hurt. The 48 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The Bramble, or Black-Berry Buſh. a T is ſo well known, that it needeth no Deſcription. The Virtues thereof are as followeth. Government and Virtues.] It is a Plant of Venus in Aries. You ſhall have ſome Directions at the latter End of the Book for the gathering of all Herbs and Plants, & c. If any alk. the Reaſon why Venus is fo prickly? Tell them, 'tis be- cuſe ſhe is in the Houſe of Mars. The Buds, Leaves, and Branches, while they are green, are of Ulcers, Sores, Quin- a good Uſe in the Ulcers and putrid Jers, Wounds, Flux, Sores of the Mouth and Throat, and of Bloody-flux, ſpitting thie Quinſey, and likewiſe to heal other Blood, Gravel, Stone, freſh Wounds and Sores; but the Flow- Secrets, Terms ſtops, ers and Fruit unripe are very binding, Poiſon, Venomous and fo profitable for the Bloody-flux, Beafs. Laſks, and are a fit Remedy for ſpitting of Blood. Either the Decoction or Powder of the Root being taken, is good to break or drive forth Gravel, and the Stone in the Reins and Kidneys. The Leaves and Brambles, as well green as dry, are excellent good Lotions for Sores in the Mouth, or Secret Parts. The Decoction of them, and of the dry'd Branches, do much bind the Belly, and are good for too much flowing of Womens Courſes; the Berries of the Flowers are a powerful Remedy againſt the Poiſon of the moſt venomous Serpents; as well drank as outwardlyapplied, helpeth the Fundament, Piles, Sores of the Fundament, and the liles; Fevers, Head, Eyes, the Juice of the Berries mixed with the Itch, ſcabby Heads. Juice of Mulberries, do bind more ef- feétually, and help all fretting and eat- ing Sores and Ulcers wherefoever. The diſtilled Water of the Branches, Leaves and Flowers, or of the Fruit, is very pleaſant in Taite, and very effectual in Fevers, and hot Diſtempers of the Body, Head, Eyes, and other Parts, and for the Purpoſes aforeſaid. The Leaves boiled in Lee, and the Head waſhed therewith, healeth the Itch, and the running Sores thereof, and maketh the Hair black. The Powder of the Leaves Arewed on Cankers and running Ulcers, wonderfully helps to heal them. Some uſe to condenſate the Juice of th Leave The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged 49 Leaves, and ſome the Juice of the Berries, to keep for their Uſe all the Year, for the purpoſes aforeſaid. Blites. 0! Defcript.] F there there are two Sorts commonly known, viz. White and Red, The White . hath Leaves ſomewhat like unto Beets, but ſmaller, roun- der, and of a whitiſh green Colour, every one ftanding upon a ſmall long Foot-ſtalk; the Stalk riſeth up two or three Feet high, with ſuch like Leaves thereon ; the Flow- ers grow at the top in long round Turfs or Cluſters, wherein are contained ſmall and round Seeds; the Root is very full of Threads or Strings. The Red Blite is in all Things like the White, but that his Leaves and tufted Heads are exceeding red at firſt, and after turn more purpliſh. There are other Kind of Blites which grow differing from the two former Sorts but little, but only the wild are ſmaller in every Part. Place.] They grow in Gardens, and wild in many Places in this Land. Time.) They feed in Auguft and September. Government and Virtues.] They are all of them cooling, drying, and binding, ſerving to reſtrain the Fluxes of Blood in either Man or Woman eſpecially the Red; which alſo ftayeth the over-flow- Reds and Whites in ing of Womens Reds, as the White Women, Blites ſtayeth the Whites in Women: It is an excellent Secret ; you cannot well fail in the Uſe: They are all under the Dominion of Venus. There is another Sort of wild Blites like the other wild Kinds, but have long and ſpiky Heads of greeniſh Seeds, ſeeming by the thick ſetting together to be all Seed. This Sort the Fiſhers are delighted with, and it is a good and uſual Bait; for Fiſhes will bite faſt enough at them, if you have but Wit enough to catch them when they bite. isho Borage 50 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. TH Borage and Buglofs. HESE are ſo well known to the Inhabitants in eve- Garden, that I hold it needleſs to deſcribe them. To theſe I may add a third Sort, which is not ſo cem- mon, nor yet ſo well known, and therefore I ſhall give you its Name and Deſcription. It is called Langue de Beuf; but why then ſhould they call one Herb by the Name Bugloſs, and another by the Name Langue de Beuf ? It is ſome queſtion to me, ſeeing one fignifies Ox-Tonge in Greek, and the other ſignifies the fame in French. Defcript.] The Leaves whereof are ſmaller than thoſe of Buglofs, but much rougher; theftalks ariſing up about a Foot and an Half high,and is moſt commonly of a red Colour; the Flowers ſtand in ſcaly rough Heads, being compoſed of many fmall yellow Flowers, not much unlike to thoſe of Dandelion, and the Seed flieth away in Down, as that doth; you may eaſily know the Flower by their Tafte, for they are very bitter. Place.] It groweth wild in many places of this Land, and may be plentifully found near London, as between Rotherhith and Deptford, by the Ditch-fides. Its Virtues are held to be the ſame with Borage and Buglofs, only this is ſomewhat hotter. Time.] They flower in June and July, and the Seed is ripe ſhortly after Government and Virtues.] They are all three Herbs of Jupiter and under Leo, all great Cordials, great ſtrengtheners of Nature. They are very cordial. The Leaves and Roots are to very good Purpoſe uſed in Fevers, Peſtilence, putrid and peſtilential Fevers, to de- Poiſon, Venomous fend the Heart, and help to reſiſt and Beafts, Milk in expel the Poiſon, or the Venom of other Nurſes, Melancholy, Creatures; the Seed is of the like effects; ill Blood, Yellow and the Seed and Leaves are good to Jaundice, Itch, Ring- increaſe Milk in Womens Breaſts ; the Worms, Tetters, Leaves, Flowers, and Seed, ali or any Scabs, Weakneſs by of them, are good to expel Penſiveneſs long Sickneſs, Con- and Melancholy; it helpeth to clarify Jumption, Swoon- the Blood, and mitigate Heatin Fevers. ing, Inflammations, The Juice made into a Syrup, prevail- eth a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 51 eth much to all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, Ulcers, fore Mouth and is put with other cooling, opening and Throat, Cough, and cleanſing Herbs to open Obſtruc- Phlegm. tions, and help the Yellow Jaundice, and mixed with Fumitory, to cool, cleanſe, and temper the Blood thereby ; it helpeth the Itch, Ring-worms and Tetters, or other ſpreading Scabs or Sores. The Flowers candied or made into a Conſerve, are helping in the former Cafes, but are chiefly uſed as a Cordial, and are good for thoſe that are weak in long Sickneſs, and to comfort the Heart and Spirits of thoſe that are in a Conſumption, or troubled with often Swoonings, or Paſſions of the Heart: The diſtilled Water is no leſs effectual to all the purpoſes aforeſaid, and helpeth the Redneſs and Inflammations of the Eyes, being waſhed there- with; the dried Herb is never uſed, but the green ; yet the Aſhes thereof, boiled in Mead or Honied Water, is available againſt the Inflammations and Ulcers in the Mouth or Throat to waſh and gargle it therewith ; the Roots of Buglofs are effectual, being made into a licking Electuary for the Cough, and to condenſate thick Phlegm, and the Rheumatick Dif- tillations upon the Lungs. Blue-Bottle. T is called Syanus, I ſuppoſe from the Colour of it ; Hurt- fickle, becauſe it turns the Edge of the Sickles that reap the Corn; Blue-blow, Corn-flower, and Blue-bottle. Deſcript.] I ſhall only deſcribe that which is commoneft, and in my opinion moſt uſeful; its Leaves ſpread upon the Ground, being of a whitiſh green Colour, fomewhat on the Edges like thoſe of Cornſcabious, amongſt which ariſeth up a Stalk divided into divers Branches, beſet with long Leaves of a greeniſh Colour, either but very little indented, or not at all; the flowers are of a blue Colour, from whence it took its Name, confiſting of an innumerable Company of ſmall Flowers ſet in a ſcaly Head, not much unlike thoſe of Knap- weed; the Seed is ſmooth, bright and ſhining, wrapped up in a woolly Mantle ; the Root periſheth every Year. Place.] They grow in Corn-fields, amongſt all sorts of Corn (Peas, Beans, and Tares excepted). If you pleaſe to take them up from thence, and tranſplant them in your Gar- den, eſpecially towards the Full of the Moon, they will grow more double than they are, and many Times change Colour, Time.] They flower from the Beginning of May to the End of Harveſt. Governa IT a a 52 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Government and Virtues.] As they are naturally cold, dry, and binding, they are fo under the Dominion of Saturn. The Powder or dried Leaves of the Blue-bottle or Corn flower, is given with good Succeſs to thoſe that Bruiſes, broken Veins, are bruiſed by a Fall, or have broken a Puijon, Plague, Epi- Vein inwardly, and void much Blood at demical Diſeaſes, the Mouth ; being taken in the Water Wounds, Ulcers, In- of Plantain, Horſetail, or the greater flammations in the Comfrey, it is a Remedy againſt the Eyes. Poiſon of the Scorpion, and refifteth all Venoms and Poiſon. The Seed or Leaves taken in Wine is very good againſt the Plague, and all infectious Diſeaſes, and is very good in Peſtilential Fevers. The Juice put into freſh or green Wounds, doth quickly fol- der up the Lips of them together, and is very effeétual to heal all Ulcers and Sores in the Mouth. The Juice The Juice dropped into the Eyes, takes away the Heat and Inflammation of them. The diftilled Water of this Herb, bath the ſame Properties, and may be uſed for tbe Effects aforeſaid, Brank Urſine. Elide the common Name, Brank Urſine, it is alſo called Bears-Breech, and Acanthus, though I think our Engliſh Names to be more proper; for the Greek Word Acanthus, fignifies any Thiſtle whatſoever. Dejeript.] This Thiſtle ſhooteth forth very many large, thick, fad green, ſmooth Leaves upon the Ground, with a very thick and juicy middle Rib; the Leaves are parted with fundry deep Galhes on the Edges : the Leaves remain a long time before any Stalk appears, afterwards riſeth up a reaſon- able big Stalk, three or four Feet high, and bravely deck'd with Flowers from the middle of the Stalk upwards ; for on the lower part of the Stalk there is neither Branches nor Leaf. The Flowers are hooded and gaping, being white in Colour, and ſtanding in browniſh Huſks, with a long ſmall undivided Leaf under each Leaf; they feldom feed in our Country. Its Roots are many, great, and thick, blackiſh withoui, and whitiſh within, full of a clammy Sap; a Piece of them, if you ſet in the Garden, and defend from the firſt Winter Cold, will grow and flouriſh. Place.] They are only nuried up in Gardens in England, where they will grow vey well. Time.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 53 Time.] It flowereth in June and July. Government and Virtues.] It is an excellent Plant under the Dominion of the Moon : I could wiſh ſuch as are ftudious, would labour to keep it in their Gardens. The Leaves being boiled and uſed in Clyfters, are excellent good to mollify the Belly, and make the paſſage ſlippery. The Decoction drank inwardly, is excellent and good for the Bloody Flux. The Leaves being bruiſed Bloody Flux, Fruc- tions, Diſlocations, or rather boiled and applied like a Poul- King's Evil, tice, are exceeding good to unite broken Burnings, Rup- Bones, and ſtrengthen Joints that have been put out. The Decoction of either tures, Cramp, Gout, Leaves or Roots being drank, and the Dyfury, Hiltick Fe- . Decoction of Leaves applied to the ver, Radical Moiſ- ture. Place, is excellent good for the King's Evil that is broken and runneth ; for by the Influence of the Moon, it reviveth the Ends of the Veins which are relaxed : There is ſcarce a better Remedy to be applied to ſuch Places as are burnt with Fire than this is, for it fetches out the Fire and heals it without a Scar. This is an excellent Remedy for ſuch as are buríten, being either taken inwardly, or ap- plied to the Place. In like manner uſed, it helps the Cramp, and the Gout. It is excellent good in Hectick Fevers, and reſtores Radical Moiſture to ſuch as are in Conſumptions. Briony, or Wild Vine. T is called Wild, and Wood Vine, Tamus or Ladies Seal. The White is called White Vine by ſome; and the Black, Black Vine. Defcript.] The common White Briony groweth ramping upon the Hedges, ſending forth many long, rough, very ten- der Branches at the Beginning, with many very rough, and broad Leaves thereon, cut (for the moſt part) in to five Parti- tions, in form very like a Vine Leaf, but ſmaller, rough, and of a whitiſh hoary green Colour, ſpreading very far, ſpreading and twining with his ſmall claſpers (that come forth at the Joints with the leaves) very far on whatſoever ftandeth next to it. At the ſeveral Joints alſo (eſpecially towards the Top of the Branches) cometh forth a long Stalk bearing many whitiſh Flowers together on a long Tuit, confiſting of five ſmall Leaves apiece, laid open like a Star, after which come the Berries ſeparated one from another, more than a Cluſter 54 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Cluſter of Grapes, green at the firſt, and very red when they are thorough ripe, of no good Scent, but of a moſt loathſome Tafte, provoking Vomit. The Root groweth to be exceeding great, with many long Twines or Branches going from it, of a pale whitiſh Colour on the outſide, and more white within, and of a ſharp, bitter, loathſome Taſte. Place.] It groweth on Banks, or under Hedges, through this Land; the Roots lie very deep. Time.] It flowereth in July and Auguft, fome earlier, and fome later than the other. Government and Virtues.]They are furious Martial Plants. The Root of Briony purges the Belly with great Violence, troubling the Stomach and burning the Liver, and there- fore not rafhly to be taken ; but being corrected, is very Falling - fickneſs, profitable for the Diſeaſes of the Head, Vertigo, Phlegm, as Falling-fickneſs, Giddineſs and Swim- Palſy, Convulfions, mings, by drawing away much Phlegm Cramps, Stitches, and Rheumatick Humours that oppreſs Drophies, Gravel, the Head, as alſo the Joints and Si- Stone, Obſtructions, news; and is therefore good for Palfies, Womb, Mother, Convulfions, Cramps and Stitches in the dead Child, Afte; - Sides, and the Dropſy, and in provok- birth, Cough, ing Urine, it cleanſeth the Reins and Shortneſsof Breath, Kidneys from Gravel and Stone, by open- Sores, Cankers, ing the Obſtructions of the Spleen, and Gangreens, Tetters, conſumeth the Hardneſs and Swelling Ringworms, black thereof. The Decoction of the Root in Spots, Freckles, Wine drunk once a week at going to Morphew,Leproſy, Bed, cleanſeth the Mother, and helpeth broken Bones, Splin- the riſing thereof, expelleth the dead ters, Thorn,White- Chila for fear of Abortion; a Dram of the lows, Nail Root in Powder taken in White Wine, Wheals, or Andi- bringeth down their Courſes. An Elec- tuary made of the Roots and Honey, doth mightily cleanſe the Cheſt of rotten Phlegm, and wonderfully help any old ſtrong Cough, that are troubled with ſhortneſs of Breath, and is very good for them that are bruiſed inwardly, to help to expel the clotted or congealed Blood. The Leaves, Fruit and Root, do cleanſe old and filthy Sores, are good againſt all fretting and running Cankers, Gangrenes, and Tetters, and therefore the Berries or cons, are The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 55 a are by fome Country People called Tetter-berries. The Root cleanſeth the Skin wonderfully from all black and blue Spots, Freckles, Morphew, Leproſy, foul Scars, or other Deformity whatſoever : As alſo all running Scabs and Mangineſs are healed by the Powder of the dried Roet, or the Juice thereof, but eſpecially by the fine white hardened Juice. The diſtilled Water of the Root worketh the ſame Effects, but more weakly; the Root bruiſed and applied of itſelf to any Place where the Bones are broken, helpeth to draw them forth, as alſo Splinters and Thorns in the Fleſh; and being applied with a little Wine mixed therewith, it breaketh Boils, and helpeth Whitelows on the Joints. For all theſe latter, beginning at Sores, Cankers, &c. apply it outwardly, and take my Advice along with you: You will find in my Tranſlation of the London Difpenfatory, among the Preparations at the latter End, a Medicine called Fæcula Brionia, take that and uſe it, you have the way there how to make it, and mix it with a little Hogs Greaſe, or other convenient Ointment, and uſe it at your need. As for the former Diſeaſes, where it muſt be taken in- wardly, it purgeth very violently, and needs an abler Hand to correct it than moſt Country People have: therefore it is a better way for them in my Opinion to let the Simple alone, and take the compound Water of it mentioned in my Dif- penfatory, and that is far more ſafe, being wiſely corrected. a Brook-lime, or Water-Pimpernel. Defcript.] ) TH HIS fendeth forth, from a creeping Root that ſhooteth forth Strings at every Joint, as itrunneth, divers and ſundry green Stalks,round and fappy, with ſome Branches on them, ſomewhat broad, round, deep green, and thick Leaves fet by Couples thereon ; from the Bottom whereof ſhoot forth long Foot-ſtalks, with fundry ſmall blue Flowers on them, that conſiſt of five ſmall round pointed Leaves a-piece. There is another Sort nothing differing from the former ; but that it is greater, and the Flowers of a paler green Colour Place.] They grow in ſmall ſtanding Waters, and uſually near Water-creſſes. Time.] 56 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Time.] And flowers in June and July, giving Seed the next Month after. Government and Virtues,] It is a hot and biting Martial Plant. Brook-lime and Water-creſſes are generally uſed to- getherin Diet-drink, with other things Blood, purgeth ill ſerving to purge the Blood and Body Humours, Scury), from all ill Humours that would de- Dyfury, Stone, Tems ftroy Health, and are helpful to the provokes, dead Child, Scurvy. They do all provoke Urine, Swelling's, Inflamma- and help to break the Stone, and paſs tions. it away; they procure WomensCourſes, and expel the dead Child. Being fried with Butter and Vinegar, and applied warm, it helpeth all manner of Tumours, or Swellings, and Inflammations. Such Drinks ought to be made of fundry Herbs, according to the Malady offering. I ſhall give a plain and eaſy Rule at the latter End of this Book. I . Butchers Broom. Tis called Ruſcus, and Bruſcus, Kneeholm, Kneeholy, Knee- hulver, and Pettigree. Deſcrip.] The firſt Shoots that ſprout from the Root of Butchers Broom, are thick, whitiſh, and thort, ſomewhat like thoſe of Aſparagus, but greater; they rifing up to be a Foot and half high, are ſpread into divers Branches, green, and ſomewhat creſted, with the roundneſs, tough and flexible, whereon aie fet fomewhat broad and almoft round hard Leaves, and prickly, pointed at the End, of a dark green Colour, two for the moit part ſet at a Place, very cloſe and near together; about the Middle of the I eaf, on the Back and lower Side from the middle Rib, breaketh forth a ſmall whitiſh green Flower, conſiſting of four ſmall round pointed Leaves, ſtanding upon little or no Foot ſtalk, and in the Place whereof cometh a ſmall round Berry, green at the firſt, and red when it is ripe, wherein are two or three white, hard, round Seeds contained. 'The Root is thick, white, and great at the Head, and from thence fendeth forth divers thick, white, long, tough Strings. Place.] It groweth in Copſes, and upon Heaths and waſte Grounds, and oftentimes under or near the Holly Buſhes. a Time.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. :57 Time.] It ihooteth forth its young Buds in the Spring, and the Berries are ripe about September, the Branches of Leaves abiding green all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] 'Tis a Plant of Mars, being of a gallant cleanſing and opening Quality. The Decoction of the Rootmade with Wine openeth Obſtruc- tion, provoketh Urine, helpeth to ex- Obſtructions, Dyfury, pel Gravel and the Stone, the Stran- Gravel, Stone, Stran- gury and Womens Courſes, as alſo the guy, Terms provokes, Yellow Jaundice and the Head-ach : Yellow Jaundice, And with ſome Honey or Sugar put Head-ach, Phlegm, thereunto, cleanſeth the Breaſt of broken Bones, Dillo- Phelgm, and the Cheſt of ſuch clam- cations. my Humours gathered therein. The Decoction of the Root drank, and a Poultice made of the Berries and Leaves being applied, are effectual in knit- ing and conſolidating broken Bones or Parts out of Joint. The common Way of uſing it, is to boil the Root of it, and Parſley and Fennel, and Smallage in White Wine, and drink the Decoction, adding the like Quantity of Graſs-root to them: The more of the Root you boil, the ſtronger will the Decoction be; it works no ill Effects, yet I hope you have Wit enough to give the ſtrongeſt Decoction to the ſtrongeſt Bodies. T° Broom, and Broom-rape. O ſpend Time in writing a Deſcription hereof, is alto- gether needleſs, it being ſo generally uſed by all the good Houſewives almoſt through this Land to ſweep their Houſes with, and therefore very well known to all Sorts of People. The Broom-rape ſpringeth up on many Places from the Roots of the Broom (but more often in Fields, as hy Hedge- fides and on Heaths). The Stalk whereof is of the bigneſs ) of a Finger or Thumb; above two Feet high, having a ſhew of Leaves on them, and many Flowers at the 'Top, of a red- difh yellow Colour, as alſo the Stalks and Leaves are. Place.] They grow in many Places of this Land com- monly, and as commonly ſpoil all the Land they grow in. Time.] And flower in the Summer Months, and give their Seed before Winter. Government a 58 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Government and Virtues.] The Juice or Decoction of the young Branches, or Seed, or the Powder of the Seed taken in Drink, purgeth downwards, and draweth Phlegm, Joints, phlegmatick and watery Humours from the Droply, Sides, Joints, whereby it helpeth the Dropſy, Spleen, Blad- Gout, Sciatica, and pains of the Hips and der, Kidneys, Joints; it alſo provoketh ſtrong Vomits, and Stone, Dyfury. helpeth the Pains of the Sides, and Swelling of the Spleen, cleanſeth alſo the Reins or Kidneys and Bladder of the Stone, provoketh Urine abun- dantly, and hindereth the growing again of the Stone in the Body. The continual Uſe of the Powder of the Leaves and Seed doth cure the Black Jaundice. Black Jaundice, The diſtilled Water of the Flowers is pro- Agues, Tooth- fitable for all the ſame Purpoſes; it alſo ach, Wind, Lice, helpeth Surfeits, and altereth the Fits of Stitches. Agues, if three or four Ounces thereof, with as much of the Water of the Leffer Centaury, and a little Sugar put therein, be taken a little before the Fit cometh, and the Party be laid down to ſweat in his Bed. The Oil or Water that is drawn from the End of the green Sticks heated in the Fire, helpeth the Tooth-ach. The Juice of young Branches made into an Ointment of old Hog's Greaſe, and anointed, or the young Branches bruiſed and heated in Oil or Hog's Greaſe, and laid to the Sides pained by Wind, as in Stiches, or the Spleen, eaſeth them in once or twice uſing it. The ſame boiled in Oil is the ſafeſt and fureſt Medicine to kill Lice in the Head or Body of any; and is an eſpecial Remedy for Joint Aches, and fwollen Knees, that come by the falling down of Humours. The Broom rape alſo is not without its Virtues. The Decoction thereof in Wine, is thought to be as effectual to void the Stone in the Kid- Stone, Dyſury, neys and Bladder, and to provoke Urine, Green Wounds. as the Broom itſelf. The Juice thereof is a fingular good Help to cure as well green Wounds, as old and filthy Sores and malignant Ulcers. The infolate Oil, wherein there hath been three or four Repetitions of Infuſion of the top Stalks, with Flowers ſtrained and cleared, cleanſeth the Skin from all manner of Spots, Marks, and Freckles that riſe either by the heat of the a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 59 Defeript.] T Himal, long, narrow, hairy, dark the Sun, or the Malignity of Humours. As for the Broom and Broom rape, Mars owns them, and is exceeding pre- judicial to the Liver ; I ſuppoſe by reaſon of the Antipathy between Jupiter and Mars, therefore if the Liver be difat- fećted, miniſter none of it. Bucks-horn Flantain. His being fown of Seed, raiſeth up at firſt with ſmall green Leaves likeGraſs, without any Diviſion or Gaſh in them, but thoſe that follow are gaſhed in on both ſides the Leaves into three or four Gaſhes, and pointed at the Ends, reſembling the Knags of a Buck’s-horn, (whereof it took its Name) and being well ground round about the Root upon the Ground, or order one by ano- . ther, thereby reſembling the Form of a Star ; from among which riſe up divers hairy Stalks about a Hand's Breadth high, bearing every one a ſmall, long ſpiky Head, like to thoſe of the common Plantain, having ſuch like Bloomings and Seed after them. The Root is fingle, long and ſmall, with divers Strings at it. Place.] They grow in ſandy Grounds, as in Tothill-Fields by Weſtminſter, and divers other Places of this Land. Time.] They flower and ſeed in May, June, and July; and their green Leaves do in a Manner abide freſh all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Saturn, and is of a gallant, drying and binding Quality. This boiled in Wine and drank, and fome of the Leaves to the hurt Place, is an excellent Remedy for Venomous Beaſts, the biting of the Viper or Adder, which I take to be one and the fame. The fame Stone, Stomach, being alſo drank, helpeth thoſe that are Vomiting, Bleed- troubled with the Stone in the Reins or ing, piſſing Blood, Kidneys, by cooling the Heat of the Part Flux, Bloody- afflicted, and ſtrengthening them. As alſo flux,Agues,Eyes. wear Stomachs that cannot retain, but caft up their Meat. It ſtayeth all Bleeding both at Mouth and Noſe; bloody Urine or the Bloody Flux, and ftoppeth the Lalk of the Belly and Bowels. The Leaves hereof bruiſed and laid to their Sides that have an Ague, ſuddenly eaſeth the Fit; and the Leaves and Roots being beaten with ſome Bay-Salt and applied to the Wrifts, worketh the fame Effects. The Herb boiled in Ale, or Wine, and given for ſome Mornings and Evenings together 60 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. fore Eyes. together, ftayeth the Diſtillation of hot and ſharp Rheums falling into the Eye from the Head, and helpeth all Sorts of Bucks-Horn. IT , Sanguinaria, Herb-Eve, and Herb-Ivy, and Wort-Treſes, and Swine Creſes. Deſcript.] They have many ſmall and weak ftraggling Branches trailing here and there upon the Ground: The Leaves are many, ſmall, and jagged, not much unlike to thoſe of Bucks-Horn Plantain, but much ſmaller, and not fo hairy. The Flowers grow among the Leaves in ſmall, rough, whitiſh Cluſters: The Seeds are ſmaller and browniſh, of a bitter Taſte, Place.] They grow in dry, barren, fandy Grounds. Time.] They flower and ſeed when the reſt of the Plan- tains do. Government and Virtues.] This is alſo under the Dominion of Saturn; the Virtues are held to be the ſame as Bucks-Horn Plantain, and therefore by all Authors, it is joined with it; Leaves being bruiſed and applied to the Bleeding Warts. Place, ftops Bleeding; the Herb bruiſed and applied to Warts, will make them conſume and waſte away in a ſhort time. Bugle. Eſides the name, Bugle, it is called Middle Confound and Middle-Comfry, Brown Bugle, and of fome Sickle Wort, and Herb-Carpenter; though in Effex we cail another Herb by that Name. Deſcript.] This hath larger Leaves than thoſe of the Self- heal, but elſe of the ſame faſhion, or rather longer, in ſome green on the upper Side, and in others more browniſh, dented about the Edges, ſomewhat hairy, as the ſquare Stalk is alſo, which riſeth up to be half a Yard high ſometimes, with the Leaves ſet by Couples, from the Middle almoft whereof upwards ſtand the Flowers, together with many ſmaller and browner Leaves than the reſt, on the Stalk below ſet at diſtance, and the Stalk bare between them ; among which Flowers are alſo ſmall ones of a blueiſh and ſometimes of an afh-colour, faſhion- ed like the Flowers of Ground-Ivy, after which come ſmall, round blackiſh Seeds. The Root is compoſed of many Strings, and 1preadeth upon the Ground in divers Parts round about. The B The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 61 The white flowered Bugle differeth not in Form or Great- neſs from the former, favirg that the Leaves and Stalks are always green, and never brown, like the other, and the Flowers thereof are white. Place.] They grow in Woods, and Copſes, and Fields, ge- nerally throughout England, but the white flowered Bugle is not ſo plentiful as the former. Time.) They flower from May until July, and in the mean time perfect their Seed. The Roots and Leaves next there- unto upon the Ground abiding all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] This Herb belongeth to Dame Venus: If the Virtues of it make you in love with it (as they will if you be wiſe) keep a Syrup of it to take inwardly, and an Ointment and Plaiſter of it to uſe outwardly, always by you. The Decoction of the Leaves and Flowers made in Wine, and taken, diffolveth the congealed Blood in thoſe that are bruiſed inward- Bruiſes, Falls, Scabs, Wounds, Ulcers, Li- ly by a Fall, or otherwiſe, and is very effectual for any inward Wounds, ver-grown, Fiſtula, Thruſts or Stabs in the Body or Bow- Gangrene, fore Mouths, Gums, fore els: And is an eſpecial Help in all Wound-drinks, and for thoſe that are ſecret Parts, broken Bonas. Liver-grown (as they call it.) It is wonderful in curing all manner of Ulcers and Sores, whether new and freſh, or old and inveterate ; yea, Gangrenes and Fiſtula's alſo, if the Leaves bruiſed and applied, or their Juice be uſed to waſh and bathe the Place, and the ſame made into a Lotion, and ſome Honey and Alum, cureth all Sores in the Mouth and Gums, be they never fo foul, or of long Continuance; and worketh no leſs powerfully and ef- fectually for ſuch Ulcers and Sores as happen in the Secret Parts of Men and Women. Being alſo taken inwardly, or outwardly applied, it helpeth thoſe that have broken any Bone, or have any Member out of Joint. An Ointment made with the Leaves of Bugle, Scabious and Sanicle bruif- ed and boiled in Hog-greaſe, until the Herbs be dry, and then ſtrained forth into a Pot, for ſuch Occaſions as ſhall re- quire; it is ſo fingular good for all Sorts of Hurts in the Body, that none that know its Uſefulneſs will be without it. The Truth is, I haye known this Herb cure foine Diſeaſes of Saturn, of which I thought good to quote one. Many D times 62 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. times ſuch as give themſelves much to drinking are troubled with ſtrange Fancies, ſtrange Sights in the Night-time, and fome with Voices, as alſo with the Dif- Night-mart, ſtrange eaſe Ephialtes, or the Mare. I take the Sights in the Nights. Reaſon of this to be (according to Fer- nelius) a melancholy Vapour made thin by exceſſive drinking ſtrong Liquor, and ſo flies up and dif- turbs the Fancy, and breeds Imaginations like itſelf, viz. fearful and troubleſome. Theſe I have known cured by tak- ing only two Spoonfuls of the Syrup of this Herb, after Sup- per two Hours, when you go to bed. But whether this does it by Sympathy or Antipathy, is fome Doubtin Aſtrology. I know there is a great Antipathy between Saturn and Venus in Matter of Procreation; yea, ſuch a one, that the Barrenneſs of Saturn can be removed by none but Venus; nor the Luft of Venus be repelled by none but Saturn, but I am not of O- pinion this is done this Way, and my Reaſon is, becauſe theſe Vapours, though in Quality melancholy, yet by their flying upward, ſeem to be ſomething Aerial; therefore I rather think it is done by Sympathy; Saturn being exalted in Libra, in the Houſe of Venus. Burnet. T is called Sanguiſorbia, Pimpinella, Bipula Solbegrella, , &c. The common Garden Burnet is ſo well known, that it needetli no Deſcription. There is another Sort which is wild, the Deſcription whereof take as followeth. Deſcript.] The great wild Burnet hath winged Leaves riſ- ing from the Roots like the Garden Burnet, but not ſo many; yeteach of theſe Leaves are at the leaſt twice as large as the o- ther, and nicked in the ſame manner about the Edges, of a greyiſh Colour on the Under-fide; the Stalks are greater, and riſe higher, with many ſuch like Leaves ſet thereon, and greater Heads at the Top, of a browniſh Colour, and out of them come ſmall dark purple Flowers like the for- mer, but greater. The Root is black and long like the other, but great alſo: It hath almoſt neither Scent nor Taſte therein, like the Garden Kind. Ploce. The firſt grows frequently in Gardens. The wild kind groweth in divers Counties of this Land, eſpecially in Huntington and Northampton-fhires, in the Meadows there : as alſo near London, by Pancras Church, and by a Cauſey- fide in the Middle of a Field by Paddington. Time.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 63 Time.] They flower about the End of June, and Begin- ning of July, and their Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtue.] This is an Herb the Sun chal- lengeth Dominion over, and is a moſt precious Herb, little inferior to Betony: The continual uſe of it preſerves the Body in Health, and the Spirit in Vigour; for if the Sun be the Preſerver of Life under God, his Herbs are the beſt in the World to do it by. They are accounted to be both of one Property, but the leſſer is more effectual becauſe quicker and more aromatical: It is a Friend to the Heart, Liver, and other principal Heart, Liver, Me- . Parts of a Man's Body. Two o three lancholy, Peſtilence, of the stalks, with Leaves put into a Epidemical Diſeaſes, Cup of Wine, eſpecially Claret, are Bleeding, ſtoppeth known to quicken the Spirits, refreſh Terms and Whites, and clear the Heart, and drive away Belching', Vomiting, Me!ancholy: It is a ſpecial help to Wounds, Ulcers, Can- defend the Heart from noiſom Vapeurs, kers, Sores, Fluxes. and from Infection of the Peſtilence ; the Juice thereof being taken in fome drink, and the Party laid to ſweat thereupon. They have alſo a drying and an aftringent Quality, whereby they are available in all man- ner of Fluxes of Blood or Humours, to ſtanch Bleedings. inward or outward, Laiks, Scourings, the Bloody-flux, Wo- mens too abundant Flux of Courſes, the Whites, and the Cholerick Belchings and Caſtings of the Stomach ; and is ; a fingular Wound Herb for all sorts of Wounds, both of the Head and Body, either inward or outward; for all old Ulcers, running Cankers and moſt Sores, to be uſed either by the Juice or Decoction of the Herb; or by the Powder of the Herb or Root, or the Water of the diſtilled Herb or Oint- ment by itſelf, or with other things to be kept. The Seed is alſo no leſs effectual both to ſtop Fluxes and dry up moiſt Sores, being taken in Powder inwardly in Wine, or Steeled Water, that is, wherein hot Gads of Steel have been quench- ed; or the Powder, or the Seed, mixed with the Ointments. The Butter-Bur, or Petaſitis. Defcript.] TI HIS riſeth up in February, with a thick Stalk about a foot high, whereon are fet a few ſmall Leaves, or rather Pieces,and at the Tops a long ſpiked Head; D 2 Flowers 64 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Flower of a bluſh or deep red Colour, according to the Soil where it groweth, and before the Stalk with the Flowers have abiden a month above Ground, it will be whithered and gone, and blown away with the Wind and the Leaves will begin to ſpring, which being fullgrown, are very large and broad, being ſomewhatthin and almoſt round, whoſe thick red Foot- ſtalks above a foot long ſtand towards the Middle of the Leaves. The lower Part being divided into two round Parts, cloſe almoſt one to another, and are of a pale green Colour; and hairy underneath. The Root is long, and ſpreading un- der Ground, being in ſome places no bigger than ones Finger, in others much bigger, blackiſh on the outſide and whitilh within, of a bitter and unpleaſant Taſte. Place and Time.] They grow in low and wet Grounds by Rivers and Water fides. Their Flower (as is ſaid) riſing and decaying in February and March, before their Leaves, which appear in April. . Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Sun, and therefore is a great Strengthener of the Heart, and Chearer of the vital Spirits. The Roots thereof are by long Experience found to be very available Plague, Epidemical againſt the Plague and Peſtilential Fe- Diſeaſe, Poiſon, Mo- vers by provoking Sweat; if the Pow- ther, Wheeſing, Dif- der thereof be taken in Wine, it alſo ficulty of Breathing, refifteth the force of any other Poiſon. Dyfury, Terms pro- The Root hereof taken with Zedoary vokes, fat and broad and Angelica,or without them, helps Worms, Blemiſhes of the riſing of the Mother. The Decoction the Skin. of the Root in Wine, is fingular good for thoſe that wheeſe much, or are fhort winded. It provoketh Urine alſo, and Womens Courſes, and killeth the flat and broad Worms in the Belly. The Powder of the Root doth wonderfully help to dry up the Moiſture of the Sores that are hard to be cured, and taketh away all Spots and Blemiſhes of the Skin. It were well it Gentlewomen would keep this Root preſerved, to help their poor Neighbours. It is fit the Rich pould help the Poor, for the poor cannot help themſelves. I be Burdock. HEY are alſo called Perfonata, and Loppy-major, great T Bu dock and Clod-bu, it is ſo well known, even * the little Boys, who pull of the Burs to throw and ftirk ujon > The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 65 or if upon one another, that I ſhall ſpare to write any Deſcrip- tion of it. Place.] They grow plentifully by Ditches and Water-fides, and by the Highways almoſt every where thro' this Land. Government and Virtues.] Venus challengeth this Herb for her own, and by its Leaf or Seed you may draw the Womb which Way you pleaſe, either upwards by applying it to the Crown of the Head, in caſe it falls out; or downwards in Fits of the Mother, by applying it to the Soles of the Feet; you would ſtay it in its Place, apply it to the Navel, and that is one good way to ſtay the child in it. See more ofit in my Guide for Women. The Bur- deck Leaves are cooling, moderately Cools, dries Ulcers, drying, and diſcuſſing withal whereby Sores,Phlegm, Sinews it is good for old Ulcers and Sores. A Arteries, Venomous Drachm of the Roots taken with Pine- Beaſts, mad Dogs, Kernels, helpeth them that ſpit foul, Dyfury, Bladder, Sci- mattery, and Bloody Phlegm. The atica, Burning, So es, Leaves applied on the Places troubled Carke s, Conſump- with the ſhrinking of the Sinews or tions, Stone, Flux. Arteries,give much Eaſe. The Juice of the Leaves, or rather the Roots themſelves, given to drink with old Wine, doth wonderfully help the Biting of any Serpents : And the Root beaten with a little Salt, and laid on the place, ſuddenly eaſeth the Pain thereof, and helpeth thoſe that are bit by a mad Dog. '1 he Juice of the Leaves being drank with Honey, provoketh Urine, and remedi- eth the Pain of the Bladder. The Seed being drank in Wine forty Days together, doth wonderfully help the Sciatica. The Leaves bruiſed with the White of an Egg, and applied to any Place burnt with Fire, taketh out the Fire, gives ſud- den Eaſe, and heals it up afterwards. The Decoction of them fomented on any fretting Sore or Canker, ffayeth the corroding Quality, which must be afterwards anointed with an Ointment made of the ſame Liquor, Hogs-greaſe, Nitre and Vinegar boiled together. The Roots may be preſerved with Sugar, and taken fafting, or at other Times, for the ſaid Purpoſes, and for Conſum ptions, the Stone, and the Laſk. The Seed is much commended to break the Stone, and cauſe it to be expelled by Urine, and is often uſed with other Seeds and Things to that Purpoſe. Cabbages D 3 66 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Cabbages and Coleworts. I Shall ſpare a Labour in writing a Deſcription of theſe, fince almoſt every one that can but write at all, may de- ſcribe them from his own Knowledge, they being generally ſo well known, that Deſcriptions are altogether needleſs. Place.] They are generally planted in Gardens. Time.] Their flowering Time is towards the Middle or End of July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguſ. Government and Virtues.] The Cabbages or Coleworts boiled gently in Broth, and eaten, do open the Body, but the fecond Decoction doth bind the Body. The Juice thereof drank in Wine, helpeth thoſe that are Veuomous Beaſts, bitten by an Adder, and the Decoc- Terms provokes, tion of the Flowers bringeth down Hoarſeneſs. Womens Courſes : Being taken with Honey, it recovereth Hoarſeneſs, or Confumption, Stone, Leſs of the Voice. The often eating Objtructions, Stitch, of them well boiled, helpeth thoſe that Canker, Swellings, are entering into a Conſumption. The Surfeits, Gout, Sores, Pulp of the middle Ribs of Coleworts Scabs, Wheals, Me- boiled in Almond Milk, and made up icncholy, Wind. into an Electuary with Honey, being taken often, is very profitable for thoſe that are purfy and ſhort-winded. Being boiled twice, an old Cock boiled in the Broth and drank, it helpeth the Pains, and the Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen, and the Stone in the Kidneys. The Juice boiled with Honey, and dropped into the Corner of the Eyes, cleareth the Sight, by conſuming any Film or Cloud beginning to dim it; it alſo confumeth the Canker growing therein. They are much commended, being eaten before Meat to keep one from furfeiting, as alſo from being drunk with too much Wine, or quickly make a Man ſober again that is drunk be- fore. For (as they ſay) there is ſuch an Antipathy or En- mity between the Vine and the Coleworts, that the one will die where the other groweth. The Decoction of Cole- worts taketh away the Pain and Ach, and allayeth the Swellings of Sores and Gouty Tegs and Knees, wherein many groſs and watry Humours are fallen, the Place being bathed therewith warm. It helpeth alſo old and filthy Sores, being bathed The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 67 mours. bathed therewith, and healeth all fmall Scabs, Puſhes, and Wheals, that break out in the Skin. The Aſhes of Cole- wort Stalks mixed with old Hogs greaſe, are very effectual to anoint the sides of thoſe that had long Pains therein, or any other Place pained with Melancholy, and windy Hu- This was ſurely Chryfippus's God, and therefore he wrote a whole Volume of them and their Virtues, and that none of the leaſt neither, for he would be no ſmall Fool: He appropriates them to every part of the Body, and to every Diſeaſe in every Part; And honeſt old Cato (they ſay) uſed no other Phyſick. I know not what Metals their Bodies were made of; this I am ſure, Cabbages are extreme windy, whe- ther you take them as Meat or as Medicine; yea, as windy Meat as can be eaten, unleſs you eat Bag-pipes or Bellows, and they are but feldom eaten in our Days; and Colewort- Flowers are ſomething more tolerable, and the wholeſomer Food of the two. The Moon challengeth the Dominion of the Herb. The Sea Coleworts. Defeript.) Targe, and thick wrinkled Leaves,fomewhat ] HIS hath divers fomewhat long and broad, crumpled about the Edges, and growing each upon a thick Footitalk, very brittle, of a greyiſh green Colour, from a- mong which riſeth up a ſtrong thick Stalk, two Feet high, and better, with ſome Leaves thereon to the 'Top, where it branches forth much; andcn every Branch ftandeth a large Buſh of pale whitih Flowers, conſiſting of four Leaves a- piece: The Root is ſomewhat great,fhouteth forth many Bran- ches under Ground, keeping the Leaves green all the Winter. Place.] They grow in many Places upon the Sea-coafts, as well on the Kentiſh as Eſſex Shores; as at Lid in Kent, Colcheſter in Efex, and divers other Places, and in other Counties of this Land. Time.] They Aower and feed about the Time that other Kinds do. Government and Virtues.] The Moon claims the Domi- nion of theſe alſo. The Broth, or firſt Decoction of the Sea- Colewort, doth by the ſharp, nitrous, and bitter Qualities therein, open the Belly, and purge the Body: it cleanſeth D4 and 68 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. and digeſts more powerfully than the Sores, Wounds Ul- other Kind: The Seed hereof bruiſed cers, Swellings, In- and drank killeth Worms. The Leaves flammations. or the Juice of them applied to Sores or Ulcers, cleanſeth and healeth them, and diſſolveth Swellings, and taketh away Inflammations. Calamint, or Mountain-Mint. Defcript.] T Foot high, with fquare hairy, and woody HIS is a ſmall Herb, feldom riſing above a Stalks, and two ſmall hoary Leaves ſet at a Joint, about the Bigneſs of Marjoram, or not much bigger, a little dented about the Edges, and of a very fierce or quick Scent, as the whole Herb is: The Flowers ſtand at ſeveral Spaces of the Stalks, from the Middle almoſt upwards, which are ſmall and gaping like to thoſe of Mints, and of a pale bluſh Co- lour: After which follow ſmall, round blackiſh Seed. The Root is ſmall and woody, with divers ſmall Strings ſpread- ing within the Ground, and dieth not, but abideth many Ye: rs. Place.] It groweth on Heaths, and Upland, and dry Grounds in many places of this Land. Time.] They flower in July, and their Seed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mercury, and a ftrong one too, therefore excellent good in all Afflictions of the Brain; the Decoction of the Herb bcing drank, bringeth down Women's Courſes and provoketh Terms provokes, Dy. Urine. It is profitable for thoſe that are fury, Ruptures, Con- Burften, or troubled with Convulfions vulfions, Cramps, or Cramps, with Shortneſs of Breath, Shortneſs of Breath, or Cholerick Torments and Pains in Fondice, Vomiting, theirBellies or Stomach ; it alſo helpeth Worms, Leproſy, Ser- the Yellow Jaundice,and ſtayeth Vomit- pents, bl ck and blue ing, being taken in wine: Taken wih Marks, Scars, Scia- Salt and Honey, it killeth all manner tica, Obſtructions of of Worms in the Body, It helpeth the Liver and Spleen, ſuch as have the Leproſy, either taken Tertian Agues. inwardly, drinking Whey after it, or the green Herb outwardly applied. It hindereth Conceptich in Women, but either burned or ſtrewed The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 69 ſtrewed in the Chamber, it driveth away venomous Serpents, It takes away black and blue Marks in the Face, and maketh black Scars become well coloured, if the green Herb (not the dry) be boiled in Wine, and laid to the Place, or the Place waſhed therewith. Being applied to the Huckle-bone, by Continuance of Time, it ſpends the Humours, which cauſe the pain of the Sciatica. The Juice being dropped into the Ears, killeth the Worms in them. The Leaves boiled in Wine, and drank, provoke Sweat, and open Ob- ſtructions of the Liver and Speen. It helpeth them that have a Tertain Ague (the Body being firſt purged) by taking away the cold Fits. The Decoction hereof, with ſome Sugar put thereto afterwards, is very profitable for thoſe that be trou- bled with the over-flowing of the Gall, and that have an old Cough, and that Gall,Cough, Bowels, are ſcarce able to breathe by Shortneſs Spleen. of their Wind; that have any cold Diftemper in their Bowels, and are troubled with the Hard- neſs of the Spleen, for all which Purpoſes, both the Powder, called Diacaluminthes, and the compound Syrup of Calamint (which are to be had at the Apothecaries) are moſt effectual. Let not Women be too buſy with it, for it works very violent upon the Feminine Part. Camomile. IT Tis fo well known every where, that it is but loft Time and Labour to deſcribe it. The Virtues thereof are as followeth. A Decoction made of Camomile, and drank, taketh away all Pains and Stitches in the Side. The Flowers of Camomile beaten,and Sritches in the Side, made up into Balls with Oil, drive Agues, Liver, Spleen, away all Sorts of Agues, if the Part Wearineſs, Sinews, grieved be anointed with that Oil, Swellings, Cholick, taken from the Flowers, from the Stone, Belly-ach,Cold, Crown of the Head to the Sole of the Achs, Jaundice, D op- Foot, and afterwards laid to ſweat in ſy, Brain, Crampa his Bed, and that he ſweats well. This is Nichefor an Egyptian's Medicine. It is profitable for all sorts of Agues that come either from Phlegm or Melancholy, or from an Inflammation of the Bowels, being D 5 70 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. a being applied when the Humours cauſing them ſhall be con- cocted; and there is nothing more profitable to the sides and Region of the Liver and Spleen than it. The Bathing with a Decoction of Camomile taketh away Wearineſs, eaf- eth Pains, to what Part of the Body ſoever they be applied. It comforteth the Sinews that are over-ſtrained, mollifieth all Swellings : it moderately comforteth all Parts that have need of Warmth, digefteth and diffolveth whatſoever hath need thereof, by a wonderful ſpeedy Property. It eaſeth all the Pains of the Cholick and Stone, and all Pains and Tor- ments of the Belly, and gently provoketh Urine. The Flowers boiled in Poſſet-Drink provoke Sweat, and help to expel all Colds, Aches and Pains whatſoever, and is an excellent Help to bring down Womens Courſes. Syrup made of the Juice of Camomile, with the Flowers in White Wine, is a Reme- dy againſt the Jaundice and Dropſy. The Flowers boiled in Lee, are good to waſh the Head, and comfort both it and the Brain. The Oil made of the flowers of Camomile, is much uſed againſt all hard Swellings, Pains or Aches, ſhrink- ing of the Sinews, or Cramps, or Pains in the Joints, or any other Part of the Body. Being uſed in Glyfters, it helps to diſſolve Wind and Pains in the Belly; anointed alſo, it help- eth Stitches and Pains in the Sides. Nicheſforfaith the Egyptians dedicated it to the Sun, becauſe it cured Agues, and they were like enough to do it, for they were the arranteft Apes in their Religion as ever I read of. Bachinus, Bena, and Lobel, commend the Syrup made of the Juice of it and Sugar, taken inwardly, to be excellent for the Spleen. Alſo this is certain, that it moſt wonderfully breaks the Stone: Some take it in Syrup or Decoction, others inject the Juice of it into the Bladder with a Syringe. My Opinion is, that the Salt of it taken half a Drachm in the Morning in a little White or Rhenish Wine, is better than either; that it is excellent for the Stone, appears in this which I have ſeen tried, viz. That a Stone that hath been taken out of the Body of a Man, being wrapped in Camo- mile, will in time diſſolve, and in a little Time too. Water The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 71 Water-Caltrops. HEY are called alſo Tribulus Aquaticus, Tribulus La- , Nuts, and Water Cheſnuts. Defcript.] As for the greater Sort of Water Caltrop, it is not found here, or very rarely. Two other Sorts there are which I ſhall here deſcribe. The firſt hath a long creeping and jointed Root, ſending forth Tufts at each Joint, from which Joints ariſe long, flat, ſlender knotted Stalks, even to the Top of the Water, divided towards the Top into many Branches, each carrying two Leaves on both sides, being about two Inches long, and half an Inch broad, thin and almoſt tranſparent, they look as tho' they were torn; the Flowers are long, thick and whitiſh, fet together almoſt like a Bunch of Grapes, which being gone there fucceeds for the moſt part ſharp pointed Grains altogether, containing a ſmall white Kernel in them. The ſecond differs not much from this, fave that it delights in more clear Water; its Stalks are not flat, but round; its Leaves are not ſo long, but more pointed: As for the Place, we need not determine, for their Name ſheweth they grow in the Water. Government and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of the Moon, and being made into a Poul- tice, are excellent good for hot Inflam- Inflammations, Can- mations and Swellings, Cankers, fore kers, Mouth, Throat, Mouths, and Throats ; being waſhed Gums, Almons of the with the Decoction, it cleanſeth and Ears, King's - Evil, ſtrengtheneth the Neck and Throat Stone, Gravel, Veno- much, and helps thoſe Swellings which mous Beaſts, Poiſon. when People have, they ſay the Al- monds of their Ears are fallen down ; it is excellent good for the Rankneſs of the Gums, a ſafe and preſent Remedy for the King's Evil ; they are excellent good for the Stone and Gravel, eſpecially the Nuts being dried; they alſo reſiſt Poi- fon, and Bitings of Venomous Beaſts. Campion Wild. Deſcrip.] HE Wild White Campion hath many long and fomewhat broad dark green Leaves lying upon the Ground, and divers Ribs therein, ſomewhat like Plantain, but ſomewhat hairy, broader, and not ſo long: The hairy Stalks riſe up in the Middle of them, three four Feet high, an IT 72 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. and ſometimes more, with divers great white Joints at feve- ral Places thereon, and two ſuch like Leaves thereat up to the Top, ſending forth Branches at ſeveral Joints alſo: All which bear on ſeveral Foot-ſtalks white Flowers at the Tops of them, conſiſting of five broad pointed Leaves, every one cut in on the End unto the Middle, making them ſeem to be two apiece, ſmelling ſomewhat ſweet, and each of them ſtand- ing in a large green ſtriped hairy Huſk, large and round be- low next to the Stalk: The Seed is ſmall and greyiſh in the hard Heads that come up afterwards. The Root is white and long, ſpreading divers Fangs in the Ground. The red wild Campion groweth in the ſame manner as the white, but his Leaves are not ſo plainly ribbed, fome- what ſhorter rounder, and more woolly in handling. The Flowers are of the ſame Form and Bigneſs; but in ſome of a pale, in others of a bright red Colour, cut in at the Ends more finely, which makes the Leaves ſeem more in Number than the other. The Seed and the Roots are alike, the Roots of both Sorts abiding many Years. 'There are forty-five Kinds of Campion more, thoſe of them which are of a Phyſical Uſe, having the like Virtues with thoſe above deſcribed, which I take to be the two chiefeſt Kinds. Place.] They grow commonly through this Land by Fields and Hedges-ſides and Ditches. Time.] They flower in Summer, fome earlier than others, and ſome abiding longer than others. Government and Virtues.] They belong unto Saturn; and it is found by Experience, that the Decoction of the Herb, either in white or red Wine being drank, doth ſtay inward Bleedings, and applied outwardly, it Bleedings inward doth the like; and being drank, help- andoutward, Dyſury, eth to expel Urine being ſtopped, and Gravel, Choler, Ve- Gravel and Stone in the Reins or Kid- Beafts, neys. Two Drachms of the Seed drank Plague, Sores, Ul. in Wine,purgeth theBodyof Cholerick cers, Cankers, Fiftu- Humours, and helpeth thoſe that are las. ftung by Scorpions, or other Venomous Beaſts; and may be as effectual for the Plague. It is of a very good Uſe in old Sores, Ulcers, Can- kers; Fiftulas, and the like, to cleanſe and heat them, by conſuming the moiſt Humours falling into them, and cor. recting the Putrefaction of Humours offending them. Carduus nomous The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 73 Carduus Benedictus. I Tis called Carduus Benedictus, or Bleſſed Thiſtle, or Holy Thiſtle; I ſuppoſe the Name was put upon it by ſome that had little Holineſs in themſelves. I ſhall ſpare a Labour in writing a Deſcription of this, as almoſt every one that can but write at all, may deſcribe them from his own Knowledge. Time.] They flower in Auguft, and feed not long after. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mars, and under the Sign Aries. Now in handling this Herb, I ſhall give you a a rational Pattern of all the reſt; and if you pleaſe to view them throughout the Book, you ſhall, to your Content, find it true. It helps Swimmings and Gid- dineſs of the Head, or the Diſeaſe Vertigo, Yellow called Vertigo, becauſe Aries is in the Jaundice. Houſe of Mars. It is an excellent Re- medy againſt the Yellow Jaundice, and other Infirmities of the Gall, becauſe Mars governs Choler. It ſtrengthens the attractive Faculty in Attractive Faculty, Man, and clarifies the Blood, becauſe Tetters, the one is ruled by Mars. The conti- The conti- worms, Plague Sores, nual drinking the Decoction of it, helps Boils, Itch, mad Dog, red Face, Tetters, and Ringworms, Venomous Beaſts, becauſe Mars cauſeth them. It helps French Pox, ſtreng- Plague Sores, Boils, and Itch, the Bit- thens Memory, Quar- ings of mad Dogs and venemous Beaſts, tan Agues, Deafneſs, all which Infirmities are under Mars; Aduft, Choler, Urine. , thus you ſee what it doth by Sym- pathy By Antipathy to other Planets it cures the French Pox. By Antipathy to Venus, who governs it, it ftrengthens the Memory and cures Deafneſs by Antipathy to Saturn, who hath his Fall in Aries, which rules the Head. It cures Quar- tan Agues, and other Diſeaſes of Melancholy, and Aduft Cho. ler, by Sympathy to Saturn, Mars being exalted in Capricorn. Alſo it provokes Urine, the ſtopping of which is uſually cauſed by Mars or the Moon. Carrots. Ring- 74 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Carrots. G Arden Carrots are ſo well known, that they need no Deſcription; but becauſe they are of leſs phyſical Uſe than the wild Kind (as indeed almoft in all Herbs the Wild are moſt effectual in Phyfick, as being more powerful in Ope- ration than the Garden Kinds) I ſhall therefore briefly de- ſcribe the Wild Carrot. Deſcript.] It groweth in a Manner altogether like the Tame, but that the Leaves and Stalks are ſomewhat whiter and rougher. The Stalks bear large Tufts of white Flowers, with a deep purple Spot in the Middle, which are contracted together when the Seed begins to ripen, that the middle Part being hollow and low, and the outward Stalk riſing high, maketh the whole Umbel to thew like a Bird's Neft. The Roots ſmall, long and hard, and unfit for Meat, being ſome- what ſharp and ſtrong. Place.] 7 he wild Kind groweth in divers Parts of this Land plentifully by the Field-fides, and untilled Places. Time.] They flower and ſeed in the End of Summer. Government and Virtues.] Wild Carrots belong to Mercury, and therefore break Wind, and remove Wind, Stitches, pro- Stitches in the Sides, provoke Urine vokes Urine and the and Womens Courſes, and helpeth to Terms, Stone, Drop- break and expel the Stone; the Seed ly, Cholick, Barren- alſo of the ſame worketh the like Ef- neſs, Ulcers. fect, and is good for the Dropſy, and thoſe whoſe bellies are fwollen with Wind; helpeth the Cholick, the Stone in the Kidneys, and Riſing of the Mother; being taken in Wine or-boiled in Wine, and taken, it helpeth Conception. The Leaves being applied with Honey to running Sores or Ulcers, do cleanſe them. I ſuppoſe the Seeds of them perform this better than the Roots; and tho' Galen commended Garden Carrots highly to break Wind, yet Experience teacheth they breed it firſt, and we may thank Nature for expelling it, not they; the Seeds of them expel Wind indeed, and ſo mend what the Root marreth. Carraway, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 75 a Carraway. Difeript.) I Tupon the Ground, ſomewhat like to the Leaves beareth of fine of Carrots, but not buſhing ſo thick, of a little quick Tafte in them, from among which rifeth up a ſquare Stalk, not ſo high as the Carrot, at whoſe Joints are ſet the like Leaves, but ſmaller and fitter, and at the Top ſmall open Tufts, or Umbels of white Flowers, which turn into ſmall blackiſh Seed, ſmaller than the Anniſeed, and of a quicker and bet- ter Taſte. The Root is whitiſh, ſmall, and long, ſome- what like unto a Parſnip, but with more wrinkled Bark, and much leſs, of a little hot and quick Taſte, and ſtronger than the Parſnip, and abideth after Seed-time, Place.] It is uſually fown with us in Gardens. Time.] They flower in June and July, and feed quickly after. Government and Virtues ] This is alſo a Mercurial Plant. Carraway Seed hath a moderate ſharp Quality, whereby it breaketh Wind, and provoketh Urine, which alſo the Herb doth. The Root is Wind, Dyfury, Indi- better Food than the Parſnip; it is geſtion, Head, Sto- pleaſant and comfortable to the Sto- mach, Bowels, Mo- mach, and helpeth Digeftion. The ther, blach and blue Seed is conducing to all cold Griefs of Spots, Bruiſes, Che- the Head and. Stomach, Bowels, or lick. Mother, as alſo the Wind in them, and helpeth to fharpen the Eye-light. The Powder of the Seed put into a Poultice, taketh away black and blue Spots of Blows and Bruiſes. The Herb itſelf, or with ſome of the Seed bruiſed and fried, laid hot in a Bag or double Cloth, to the lower Parts of the Belly, eaſeth the Pains of the Wind Cholick. The Roots of Carraways eaten as men eat Parſnips, ſtrengthen the Stomachs of ancient People exceedingly, and they need not to make a whole Meal of them neither, and are fit to be planted in every Garden. Carraway Confects, once only dipped in Sugar, and half a Spoonful of them eaten in the Morning fafting, and as many after each Meal, is a moſt admirable Remedy for thoſe that are troubled with Wind. Celandine a a 76 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Celandine. Deſcript.)'T Stalks, with greater Joints than ordinary in, HIS hath divers tender, round, whitiſh green a other Herbs as it were Knees, very brittle and eaſy to break, from whence grow Branches with large tender tong leaves, divided into many Parts, each of them cut in on the Edges, fet at the Joint on both Sides of the Branches, of a dark blueiſh green Colour, on the upper Side like Columbines, and of a more pale blueith green underneath, full of yellow Sap; when any part is broken, of a bitter Taſte and ſtrong Scent. At the Flowers of four Leaves a-piece, after which come ſmall long Rods, with blackiſh Seed therein. The Root is ſome- what great at the Head, ſhooting forth divers long Roots and ſmall Strings, reddiſh on the outſide, and yellow within, full of yellow Sap therein. Place. ] They grow in many places by old Walls, by the Hedges and Way-fides in untilled Places; and being once planted in a Garden, eſpecially fome ſhady Places, it will remain there Time.] They flower all the Summer long, and the Seed ripeneth in the mean time. Government and Virtues.] This is an Herb of the Sun, and under the Celeſtial Lion, and is one of the beſt Cures for the Eyes; that is, all that know any thing in Aſtrology, know as well as I can tell them, that the Eyes are ſubject to the Luminaries; let it then be gathered when the Sun is in Leo, and the Moon in Aries, applying to this Time; let Leo ariſe, then may you make it into an Oil or Ointment, which you pleaſe, to anoint your ſore Eyeswithall: I can prove it doth both by my own Experience, and the Experience of thoſe to whom I have taught it, that moſt deſperate fore Eyes have been eured by this only Medicine; and then I pray, is not this far better than endangering the Eyes by the Art of the Needle ? For if this doth not abſolutely take away the Film, it will ſo faciliate the Work, that it may be done without Danger. The Herb or Root boiled in White Wine and drank, a few Anniſeeds being boiled therewith, openeth Obſtructions of the Liver and Gall, helpeth the Yellow Obſtructions of the Jaundice; and often uſing it, helps the Liver and Gall Dropſy and the Itch, and thoſe that have Yellow Jaundice, old Sores in their Legs, or other Parts of The Engliſh Phyſician Englarged. 77 a of the Body. The Juice thereof taken Dropſy, Peſtilence, faſting is held to be of fingular good Eyes, Ulcers, Tet- uſe againſt the Peſtilence: The diſtilled ters, Ring-worms, Water with a little Sugar and a little Cancers, Bowels, good Treacle mixed therewith (the Warts, Belly, Mo- party upon the taking, being laid down ther, Worms, Terms to ſweat a little) hath the ſame effect. ftops, Beauty loft, The Juice dropped in the Eyes, cleanſ- Tooth-ach, Itch. eth them from Films and Cloudineſs which darken the Sight, but it is beſt to allay the ſharpneſs of the Juice with a little Breaſt-milk. It is good in old filthy cor- roding creeping Ulcers wherefoever, to ſtay their Malignity of fretting and running, and to cauſe them to heal more ſpeedily: The Juice often applied to Tetters, Ring-worms, or other ſuch like ſpreading Cankers, will quickly heal them, and rubbed often upon Warts, will take them away. The Herb with the Roots bruiſed and bathed with Oil of Ca- momile, and applied to the Navel, taketh away the griping Pains in the Belly and Bowels, and all the Pains of the Mo- ther; and applied to Womens Breaſts, ſtayeth the overmuch flowing of the Courſes. The Juice or Decoction of the Herb gargled between the Teeth that ach, eafeth the Pain, and the Powder of the dried Root laid upon any aching, hollow or looſe Tooth, will cauſe it to fall out. The Juice mixed with ſome Powder of Brimſtone is not only good againſt the Itch, but taketh away all diſcolourings of the Skin whatſoever ; and if it chance that in a tender Body it cauſeth any Itchings or Inflammations, by bathing the Place with a little Vinegar, it is helped. Another ill-favoured Trick have Phyſicians got to uſe to, the Eye, and that is worſe than the Needle; which is to take away Films by corroding or gnawing Medicines. This I abſolutely proteſt againſt. 1. Becauſe the Tunicles of the Eyes are very thin, and therefore foon eaten aſunder. 2. The Callus or Film that they would eat away, is feldom of an equal thickneſs in every Place, and then the Tunicle may be eaten aſunder in one place, before the Film be con- fumed in another, and fo be a readier way to extinguiſh the Sight than to reſtore it. a T 78 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. It is called Chelidonium, from the Greek Word xeandw, which ſignifies a Swallow; becauſe they ſay, that if you put out the Eyes of young Swallows when they are in the Neft, the old ones will recover their Eyes again with this Herb. This lain confident, for I have tried it, that if we mar the very Apple of their Eyes with a Needle, ſhe will recover them again; but whether with this Herb or not, I know not. Alſo I have read and it ſeems to be ſomewhat probable) that the Herb, being gathered as I ſhewed before, and the Elements drawn apart from it by Art of the Alchymiſt, and after they are drawn apart rectified, the earthy Quality, ſtill in rectifying them, added to the Terra damnata (as Alchymiſts call it) or Terra facratiffima (as ſome Philoſophers call it) the Elements fo rectified are ſufficient for the Cure of all Diſeaſes, the Humours offending being known, and the contrary Ele- ment given : It is an Experiment worth the trying, and can do no harm. The Leſſer Celardine, uſually known by the Name of Pilewort and Fogwort. I Wonder what ailed the Ancients to give this the Name of Celandine, which reſembles it neither in Nature nor Form; it acquired the Name of Pileruert from its Virtues, and it being no great matter where I ſet it down, fo I fet it down at all.I humoured Dr. Tradition fo much as to ſet him down here. Deſcript.] This Celandine or Pilewort (which you pleaſe) doth ſpread many round pale green Leaves, ſet on weak and trailing Branches, which lie. upon the Ground, and are flat, fmooth, and fomewhat ſhining, and in ſome Places (though feldom) marked with black ſpots, each ftanding on a long Foot- ſtalk, among which riſe ſmall yellow Flowers, conſiſting of nine or ten ſmall narrow Leaves, upon flender Foct ſtalks, very like unto Crowfoot, whereunto the Seed alſo is not un- 1 ke, being many ſmall Kernels like a Grain of Corn, fome- times twice as long as others, of a whitiſh Colour, with fome Fibres at the End of them. Place.] It groweth for the moſt part in moiſt Corners of Fields and Places that are near Water Sides, yet will abide in drier ground if they be but a little ſhady. а Time.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 79 Time.] It flowereth betimes about March or April, is quite gone by May; ſo it cannot be found till it ſpring again. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Mars, and behold here another Verification of the Learn- ing of the Ancients, viz. that the Virtue of an Herb may be known by its ſignature, as plainly appears in this ; for if you dig up the Root of it, you ſhall perceive the perfect Image of that Diſeaſe which they commonly call the Piles. It is certain by good Experience, that the Decoction of the Leaves and Roots doth wonderfully help King's Evil, Piles and Hæmorrhoids, alſo Kernels by Hemorrhoids. the Ears and Throat, called the King's Evil, or any other hard Wens or Tumours. Here's another Secret for my Countrymen and Women, a Couple of them together; Filewort made into an Oil, Ointment, or Plaifter, readily cures both the Piles, or Hæmorrhoids, and the King's Evil: The very Herb borne about one's Body next the Skin helps in ſuch Diſeaſes, though it never touch the Place grieved; let poor People make much of it for thoſe Uſes; with this I cured my own Daughter of the King's Evil, broke the Sore, drew out a quarter of a Piet of Corruption, cured without any Scar at all in one Week's Time. The Ordinary Small Centaury. Deſcript.] TA HIS groweth up moſt uſually but with one round and ſomewhat crifted Stalk, about a Foot high or better, branching forth at the Top into many Springs, and ſome alſo from the Joints of the Stalks be- low; the Flowers thus ftand at the Tops as it were in one Umble or Tuft, are of a pale red, tending to Carnation Colour, conſiſting offive, ſometimes fix ſmall Leaves, verylike thoſe of St. John's Wort, opening themſelves in the Day Time and cloſing at Night, after which come Seeds in little ſhort Huks, in Form like unto Wheat Corn. The Leaves are ſmall and ſomewhat round; the Root ſmall and hard, periſhing e- very Year. The whole Plant is of an exceeding bitter Taſte. There is another Sort in all Things like the former, fave only it beareth white Flowers. Place.] They grow ordinary in Fields, Paſtures and Woods, but that with the white Flowers not ſo frequently as the other. Time.] 80 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Time.] They flower in July or thereabouts, and feed with- in a Month after. Government and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of the Sun, as appears in that their Flowers open and ſhut as the Sun either ſheweth or hideth his Face. This Herb, boiled and drank,purgethCholerick and groſs Choler, Sciatica, Ob- Humours, and helpeth the Sciatica ; it ; ſtructions of the Li- openeth Obſtructions of the Liver, ver, Gall, Spleen, A- Gall, and Speen, helpeth the Jaundice, gues, Drophy, G een- and eaſing the Pains in the Sides, and Sickneſs, Terms Hardneſs of the Spleen, uſed outward- provokes, Cholick. ly, and is given with very good effect in Agues. It helpeth thoſe that have the Dropſy, or the Green-Sickneſs, being much uſed by the Italians in Powder for that Purpoſe. It killeth the Worms in the Belly, as is found by Experience. The Deco&tion thereof (viz.) the Tops of the Stalks, with the Leaves and Flowers, is good againſt the Cholic, and to bring down Womens Courſes, helpeth to avoid the dead Birth and eaſeth Pains of the Mother, and is very effectual in all old Pains of the Joints, as the Gout, Cramps, or Convulſions. Joints, Gouts, Scia- A Dram of the Powder thereof taken in tica, Cramp, Con- Wine,is a wonderful goodHelp againſt vulſions, venomous the Biting and Poiſon of an Adder. The Beafts, Eyes, Wounds, Juice of the Herb with a little Honey Ulcers, Ears, ſcabby put to it, is good to clear the Eyes Heads, Freckles, from Dimneſs, Miſts and Clouds that offend or hinder Sight. It is fingu- lar good both for green and freſh Wounds, as alſo for old Ulcers and Sores, to cloſe up the one, and cleanſe the other, and perfectly to cure them both, although they are hollow or fiftulous; the green Herb efpe- cially being bruiſed and laid thereto. The Dec ction there- of dropped into the Ears, cleanſeth them from Worms, cleanfeth the foul Ulcers and ſpreading Scabs of the Head, and taketh away all Freckles, Spots, and Marks in the Skin, , being waſhed with it, the Herb is ſo fafe you cannot fail in the uſing of it, only give it inwardly for inward Diſeaſes. 'Tis very wholeſome, but not very toothſome. Spots. There The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 81 There is, beſides theſe, another ſmall Centaury, which beareth a yellow Flower; in all other reſpects it is like the former, fave that the Leaves are bigger, and of a darker green, and the Stark pafſeth through the midſt of them, as it doth in the Herb Thorowan. They are all of them, as I told you, under the Government of the Sun; yet this, if you ob- ſerve it, you ſhall find an excellent Truth; in Diſeaſes of the Blood, uſe the red Centaury; if of Choler, uſe the yellow; but if Phlegm or Water, you will find the white beit. The Cherry-Tree. I Suppoſe there are few but know this Tree, for its Fruits I a thereof. Place.] For the Place of its Growth, it is afforded Room in every Orchard. Government and Virtues.] It is a Tree of Venus, Cherries, as they are of different Taſtes, ſo they are of different Qualities. The ſweet paſs thro' the Somach and the Belly more ſpeedily, but are of little Nouriſhment; the tart or four are more pleaſing to an hot Stomach, procure Appetite to Meat, and help to cut tough Phlegm, and groſs Humours; but when theſe are Appetite loft, Phlegm, dried, they are more binding to the groſs Huincurs cool, Belly than when they are freſh, being provoke Urine, Cough, cooling in hot Diſeaſes, and welcome Hoarſeneſs, Sight, to the Stomech, and provoke Urine. Gravel, Wind. The Gum of the Cherry. Trce, dif- folved in Wine, is good for a Cold, Cough, and Hoarſeneſs of the Throat; mendeth the Colour in the Face, ſharpeneth the Eye-fight, provoketh Appetite, and helpeth to break and expel the Stone; the Black Cherries bruiſed with the Stones, and diffolved, the Water thereof is much uſed to break the Stone, and to expel Gravel and Wind. Winter Cherries. ] HE Winter Cherry hath a running or creeping Root in the Ground, of the Bignefs many times of one's little Finger, ſhooting forth at ſeveral Joints in ſeveral Places, whereby it quickly ſpread a great Compaſs of Ground. The Stalk riſeth not above a Yard high, whereon are ſet many broad and long green Leaves, ſomewhat like Nightſhade, but larger; Defcript.) T 82 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. larger at the Joints whereof come forth whitiſh Flowers made of five Leaves a-piece, which afterwards turn into green Berries incloſed with thin Skins, which change to be reddiſh when they grow ripe, the Berry likewiſe being reddiſh, and as large as a Cherry; wherein are contained many fat and yellowiſh Seeds lying within the Pulp, which being gathered and ftrung up, are kept all the Year to be uſed upon Occaſion. Place. They grow not naturally in this Land, but are che- riſhed in Gardens for their Virtues. Time.] They flower not until the Middle or latter End of Fuly; and the Fruit is ripe about Auguft, or the Beginning of September Government and Virtues.] This alſo is a Plant of Venus. They are of great Uſe in Phyſic: The Leaves, being cool- ing, may be uſed in Inflammations, but Inflammations, Dy- not opening as the Berries and Fruit are; Jury, Stone, Gravel, which by drawing down the Urine pro- Ulcers in the Reins, voke it to be voided plentifully when and Bladder, piſſing it is ſtopped or grown hot, ſharp, and Blood, Sharpneſs of painful in the Paſſage; it is good alſo to Urine; a precious expel the Stone and Gravel out of the Receipt. Reins, Kidneys, and Bladder, helping to diffolve the Stone, and voiding ic by Grit or Gravel fent forth in the Urine; it alſo helpeth much to cleanſe inward Impoſthumes or Ulcers in the Reins or Bladder, or in thoſe that void a bloody or foul Urine. The diſtilled Water of the Fruit, or the Leaves together with them, or the Berries, green or dry, diſtilled with a little Milk and drank Morning and Even with a little Sugar, is effec- tual to all the Purpoſes before ſpecified, and eſpecially againſt the Heat and Sharpneſs of the Urine. I hall only mention one Way, amongſt many others, which might be uſed for ordering the Berries, to be helpful for the Urine and the Stone; which is this: Take three or four good Handfuls of the Berries, either green or freſh, or dried, and having bruiſed them, put them into ſo many Gallons of Beer or Ale when it is new tunned up: This Drink, taken daily, hath been found to do much good to many, both to eaſe the Pains, and expel Urine and the Stone, and to cauſe the Stone not to en- gender. The Decoction of the Berries in Wine and Water is the moſt uſual Way, but the Powder of them taken in Drink is more effectual. Chervil. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 83 Chervil. I T is called Cerefolium, Mirrhis, and Mirrha, Chervel, Sweet Chervil, and Sweet Cicely. Deſcript.] The Garden Chervil doth at firſt ſomewhat re- ſemble Parſley, but after it is better grown, the Leaves are much cut in and jagged, reſembling Hemlock, being a little hairy and of a whitiſh green Colour, ſometimes turning red diſh in the Summer, with the Stalks alſo; it riſeth a little above half a Foot high, bearing white Flowers in ſpiked Tufts, which turn into long and round Seeds pointed at the Ends, and black- iſh when they are ripe; of a ſweet Taſte, but no Smell, tho' the Herb itſelf ſmelleth reaſonably well. The Root is ſmall and long, and periſheth every Year, and inuft be ſown a-new in Spring, for Seed after July for Autumn fails. The Wild Chervil groweth two or three Feet high, with yellow Stalks and Joints, ſet with broader and more hairy Leaves, divided into fundry Parts, nicked about the Edges, and of a dark green Colour, which likewiſe grow reddiſh with the a Stalks ; at the Tops whereof ſtand ſmall white Tufts of Flow- ers, afterwards ſmaller and longer Seed. The Root is white, hard, and enduring long. This hath little or no Scent. Place. ] The firſt is fown in Gardens for a Sallet Herb; the ſecond groweth wild in many of the Meadows of this Land, and by the Hedges Sides, and on Heaths. Time] They flower and feed early, and thereupon are fown again in the End of Summer. Government and Virtues.] The Garden Chervil being eaten, doth moderately warm the Stomach, and is a certain Remedy (faith Tra- Stomach, clotted gus) to diffolve congealed or clotted Blood, Bruiſes, Falls, Blood in the Body, or that which is Dyfury, Stone, Pleu- clotted by Bruiſes, Falls, &c. The riſes in the Side. Juice or diſtilled Water thereof being drank, and the bruiſed Leaves laid to the Place, being taken either in Meat or Drink, it is good Help to provoke Urine, or expel the Stone in the Kidneys, to ſend down Womens Courſes, and to help the Pleuriſy and Pricking of the Sides. The Wild Chervil bruiſed and ap- plied, diſſolveth Swellings in any Part, Swellings, black and or the Marks of congealed Blood by blue Spots. Bruiſes or Blows, in a little Space. 84 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Sweet Chervil, or Sweet Cicely. Deſcript.] T HIS groweth very like the Great Hemlock, having large ſpread Leaves cut into divers Parts, but of a freſher green Colour than the Hemlock, taft- ing as ſweet as the Aniſeed. The Stalks riſe up a Yard high, or better, being creſſed or hollow, having Leaves at the Joints, but lefler; and at the Tops of the branched Stalks, Umbels or Tufts of white Flowers ; after which comes large and long crefted black ſhining Seed, pointed at both Ends taſting quick, yet ſweet and pleaſant. The Root is great and white, growing deep in the Ground, and ſpreading ſundry long Branches therein, in Taſte and Smell ſtronger than the Leaves or Seeds, and continuing many Years. Place.] This groweth in Gardens. Government and Virtuese] Theſe are all three of them of the Nature of Jupiter, and under his Dominion. This whole Plant, beſides it pleaſantnefs in Sallets, hath its phyſical Virtue. The Root boiled, and eaten with Oil and Vinegar, (or without Oil) doth much pleaſe and Cold Stomach, Wind, warm old and cold Stomachs oppreſſed Phlegm, Lungs, Phthi- with Wind or Phlegm, or thoſe that fick, Peſtilence, Terms have the Phthifick or Conſumption of provokes, After-birth, the Lungs. The fame drank with Appåtite lojt, Ulcers, Wine is a Preſervative from thePlague. Epidemical Diſeaſes, It provoketh Womens Courſes, and ex- pelleth the After-birth, procureth an Appetite to Meat, and expelleth Wind. The Juice is good to heal the Ulcers of the Head and Face; the candied Roots hereof are held as effectual as Angelica, to preſerve from Infection in the Time of a Plague, and to warm and com- fort a cold weak Stomach. It is ſo harmleſs, you cannot uſe it amiſs. Cheſnut Tree. T were needleſs to deſcribe a Tree ſo commonly known, as to tell a Man he had gotten a Mouth; therefore take the Government and Virtues of them thus: The Tree is abſolutely under the Dominion of Jupiter, and therefore the Fruit muſt needs breed good Blood, and yield commendable Nouriſhment to the Body; yer, if eaten over-much, they make the Blood thick, procure Head-ach, and bind the Body; the inner Skin, that covereth the Nut, a a is The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 85 is of ſo binding a Quality, that a Scruple of it being taken by a Man, Flux, Termsſtops, Spit- or ten Grains by a Child, foon ſtops ting of Blood. any Flux whatſoever : The whole Nut dried and beaten into Powder, and a Drachm taken at a time, is a good Remedy to ſtop the Terms in Women. If you dry Cheſnuts, (only the Kernels I mean) both the Barks being taken away, beat them into Powder, and make the Powder up into an Electuary with Honey, ſo have you an admirable Remedy for the Cough and Spitting of Blood. being a Earth Cheſnuts. T HEY are called Earth Nuts, Earth Cheſnuts, Ground Nuts, and Ciper Nuts; and we in Suffex call them Pig Nuts. A Deſcription of them were needleſs, for every Child knows them. Government and Virtues.] They are ſomething hot and dry in Quality, under the Dominion of Ve- nus; they provoke Luft exceedingly, Luft provokes, Dyſury, and ftir up to thoſe Sports ſhe is Mif- Spitting of Blood, treſs of; the Seed is excellent good to Pilling of Blood. provoke Urine; and ſo alſo is the Root, but it doth not perform it fo forcibly as the Seed doth. The Root being dried and beaten into Powder, and the Powder made into an Electury, is as ſingular a Remedy for Spitting and Pifling of Blood, as the former Cheſnut was for Coughs. Chickweed. IT T is ſo generally known to moſt People, that I ſhall not trouble you with the Deſcription thereof, nor myſelf with ſetting forth the ſeveral Kinds, fith but only two or three are conſiderable for their Uſefulneſs. Place.] They are uſually found in moiſt and watery Places, by Wood-fides, and elſewhere. Time.] They flower about June, and their Seed is ripe in Fuly. Government and Virtues.] It is a fine ſoft pleaſing Herb, under the Dominion of the Moon. It is found to be effec- tual as Purſlain to all the Purpoſes whereunto it ſerveth ex- cept for Meat only. The Herb bruiſed, or the Juice applied E (with 86 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. (with Cloths or Sponges dipped therein) to the Region of the Liver, and as they dry, to have freſh applied, doth wonder- fully temper the Heat of the Liver, and Hot Liver, Swellings, is effectual for all Impoſthumes and Impoſthumes, Puſhes, Swellings whatſoever; for all Redneſs red Face, Wheals, Itch, in the Face, Wheals, Puſhes, Itch,Scabs, Scabs, Cramp, Convul- the Juice either fimply uſed, or boiled fions, Palſy, red Eyes, with Hog's-greaſe and applied, the ſame Hemorrhoids, Ulcers, helpeth Cramps, Convulſions, and Palfy. Sinews. The Juice, or difilled Water, isof much good Uſe for all Heats and Redneſs in the Eyes, to drop fome thereof into them: As alſo into the Ears, to eaſe Pains in them; and is of good Effect to eaſe Pains from the Heat and Sharpneſs of the Blood in the Piles, and generally all Pains in the Body that ariſe of Heat. It is uſed alſo in hot and virulent Ulcers and Sores in the Privy-Parts of Men or Women, or on the Legs, or elſewhere. The Leaves boiled with Marſh-mallows, and made into a Poultice with Fe- nugreek and Linſeed, applied to Swellings or Impoſthumes, ripen and break them, or affwage the Swellings and eaſe the Pains. It helpeth the Sinews when they are ſhrunk by Cramps, or otherwiſe, and to extend and make them pliable again by this Medicine. Boil a Handful of chick-weed, and a Handful of red Roſe Leaves dried, but not diſtilled, in a Quart of Muf- cadine, until a fourth Part be conſumed ; then put to them a Pint of Oil of Trotters or Sheep's-feet ; let them boil a good while, ftill ſtirring them well ; which being ſtrained, anoint the greived Place therewith, warm againſt the Fire, rubbing it well with one Hand; and bind alſo fome of the Herb (if you will) to the Place, and, with God's Bleſſing, it will help itin three times dreſſing. Chich-Peaſe, or Cicers, . HE Garden Sorts, whether Red, Black, or , on do grow many ſmall and almoſt round Leaves, dented about the Edges, ſet on both sides of a middle Rib: At the Joints come forth one or two Flowers, upon ſharp Foot-ſtalks, Peaſe- faſhion, either white or whitiſh, or purpliſh red, lighter or deeper, according as the Peaſe that follow will be, that are contained in ſmall, thick, and ſhort Pods, wherein lie one or two Peaſe, more uſually pointed at the lower End, and al- moſt а Deſcript:] T White, bring forth Stalks a Yard long, where- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 87 moſt round at the Head, yet a little cornered or ſharp; the Root is ſmall, and periſheth yearly. Place and Time.] They are fown in Gardens, or Fields, as Peaſe, being ſown later than Peaſe, and gathered at the ſame Time with them, or preſently after. Government and Virtues.] They are both under the Domi- nion of Venus. They are leſs Windy than Beans, but nouriſh more; they provoke Urine, and are thought to increaſe Sperm, they have a cleanſing Faculty, whereby they break the Stone in the Kidneys. To Dyfury, Seed increaſe, drink the Cream of them, being boiled Stone, Coffiveneſs, in Water, is the beſt way. It moves the Terms provokes, Ob- Belly downwards, provokes Women's Aruction, Pains of the Courſes and Urine, increaſes both Milk Sides, Stone open, die and Seed One Ounce of Cicers, two geft, diſolve. Ounces of French Barley, and a ſmall Handful of Marth-mallow Roots, clean waſhed and cut, being boiled in the Broth of a Chicken, and four Ounces taken in the Morning, and faſting two hours after, is a good Medicine for a Pain in the Sides. The White Cicers are uſed more for Meat than Medicine, yet have the ſame Effect, and are thought more powerful to increaſe Milk and Seed. The wild Cicers are ſo much more powerful than the Garden Kinds, by how much they exceed them in Heat and Dryneſs ; whereby they do more open Obſtructions, break the Stone, and have all the Properties of cutting, opening, digeſting, and diffolving; and this more ſpeedily and certainly than the former. Cinquefoil, or Five-leaved Graſs ; called, in ſome Counties, Five-fingered Graſs. Defcript.] IT ſpreads and far creeps IT. upon the Ground, with long ſlender Strings like Strawberries, which take Root again, and ſhoot forth many Leaves made of five Parts, and ſometimes of ſeven, dented about the Edges, and ſome- what hard. The Stalks are flender, leaning downwards, and bear many ſmall yellow Flowers thereon, with ſome yellow Threads in the middle, ftanding about a ſmooth green Head; which, when it is ripe, is a little rough, and con- taineth ſmall browniſh Seed. The Root is of a blackiſh brown Colour, fo big as one's little Finger, but growing long, with fome E 2 88 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. fome Threads thereat; and by the ſmall Strings it quickly ſpreadeth over the Ground. Place.] It groweth by Wood-fides, Hedge-fides, the Path- way in Fields, and in the Borders and Corners of them, al- moſt through all this Land. Time.] It flowereth in Summer, fome ſooner, ſome later. Government and Virtues.] This is an Herb of Jupiter, and therefore ſtrengthens the Part of the Body it rules; let Jupiter be angular and ſtrong when it is gathered ; and if you give but a Scruple (which is but twenty Grains) of it at a Time, either in White-wine, or White-wine Vinegar, you ſhall very ſeldom miſs the Cure of Agues. an Ague, be it what Ague ſoever, in 3 Fits, as I have often proved, to the Admiration both of myſelf and others ; let no Man deſpiſe it becauſe it is plain and eaſy, the Ways of God are all ſuch. 'Tis the Ungodlineſs and Impudency of Man, that hath made Things hard, and hath (by ſo doing) made Sport for all the Devils in Hell, and grieved the Angels; and when you read this, your own Genius (if you be any thing at all acquainted with it) may dictate to you many as good Concluſions both of this and other Herbs. It is an eſpecial Herb uſed in all Inflammations and Fevers, whether Inflammations, Fe- infectious or peftilential; or among vers, Peftilence, fore other Herbs to cool and temper the Mouth, Ulcers, Can- Blood and Humours in the Body. As cers, Fiftulas, Quin- alſo for all Lotions, Gargles, Injections, ſey, Yellow Jaundice, and the like, for fore Mouths, Ulcers, the Falling Sickneſs, Cancers, Fiftula's, and other corrupt, Flux, Terms ſtops, foul, or running Sores. The Juice Whites, Bloody-flux, hereof drank, about four Ounces at a Tooth-ach, Hoarſeneſs, time,for certain Days together, cureth Cough, Palſy of the the Quinley and Yellow Jaundice; and Hand, Knots in the taken for thirty Days together, cureth Fleſh, St. Anthony's the Faling-Sickneſs. The Roots boil- Fire, Shingles, Scabs, ed in Milk and drank, is a moſt effec- Itch, Joints pained, tual Remedy for all Fluxes in Man Sciatica, Ruptures, or Woman, whether the White or Red, Gout, Bruiſes, Falls, as alſo the Bloody-flux. The Roots Bleeding boiled in Vinegar, and the Decoction thereof held in the Mouth, eaſeth the Pains in the Tooth-ach. The Juice or Decoction taken with a Little The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 89 a little Honey, helpeth the Hoarſenſs of the Throat, and is very good for the Cough of the Lungs. The diſtilled Water of both Roots and Leaves is alſo effectual to all the Purpoſes a- foreſaid; and if the Hands be often waſhed therein, and fof- fered at every time to dry in of itſelf without wiping, it will in a ſhort time help the Palſy, or Shaking in them. The Root boiled in Vinegar, helpeth all Knots, Kernels, hard , Swellings, and Lumps growing in any part of the Fleih, being thereto applied: as alſo Inflammations, and St. Anthony's Fire, all Impoſthumes, and painful Sores with Heat and Putrefac- tion, the Shingles alſo, and all other Sorts of Running, and foul Scabs, Sores and Itch. The fame alſo boiled in Wine, and applied to any Joint full of Pain, Ach, or the Gout in the Hands or Feet, or the Hip Gout, called the Sciatica, and the Decoction thereof drank the while, doth cure them, and eaſeth much pain in the Bowels. The Roots are likewiſe effectual to help Ruptures or Burſtings, being uſed with other Things avail- able to that Purpoſe taken either inwardly or outwardly, or both; as alſo Bruiſes or Hurts by Blows, Falls, or the like, and to ſtay the Bleeding of Wounds in any Partsinward or outward. Some hold that one Leaf cures a Quotidian, three a Tertian, and four a Quartan Ague, and a hundred to one if it be not Dioſcorides; for he is full of Whimſies. The Truth is, I never ſtood ſo much upon the Number of the Leaves, nor whether I give it in Powder or Decoction: If Jupiter were ſtrong, and the Moon applying to him, or his good Aspect at the ga. thering, I never knew it miſs the deſired Effects. Cives. Alled alſo Rufh-Leeks, Chives, Civet, and Sweth. Temperature and Virtues.] I confeſs I had not added thete, had it not been for a Country Gentleman, who by a Letter certified me, that amongſt other Herbs, I had left theſe out; they are indeed a kind of Leeks, hot and dry in the fourth Degree as they are, and ſo under the Dominion of Mars; if they be eaten raw, (I do not mean raw, oppoſite to roaſted or boiled, but raw, oppoſite to chymical Prepara- tion) they ſend up very hurtful Vapours to the Brain, cauſing troubleſome Sleep, and ſpoiling the Eye-fight, Dyfury. yet of them prepared by the Art of the Al- chymiſt, may be made an excellent Remedy for the Stoppage of Urine. E 3 Clary, CA a 90 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Defeript.) O Clary, or more properly Clear Eye. UR ordinary Garden Clary hath four ſquare Stalks, with broad, rough, wrinkled, whitiſh, or hoary green Leaves, ſomewhat evenly cut in on the Edges, and of a ſtrong ſweet Scent, growing ſome near the Ground, and ſome by Couples upon Stalks. The Flowers grow at cer- tain Diſtances, with two ſmall Leaves at the Joints under them, fomewhat like unto the Flowers of Sage, but ſmaller, and of a whitish blue Colour. The Seed is browniſh, and ſomewhat flat, or not ſo round as the wild. The Roots are blackiſh, and ſpread not far, and periſh after the Seed-time. It is uſually fown, for it feldom riſeth of its own fowing. Ploce.] This groweth in Gardens. Time.] It flowereth in June and July, fome a little later than others, and their Seed is ripe in Auguſt, or thereabout. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Moon, The Seed is uſed to be put into Eyes, Swellin s, In- the Eyes to clear them from Motes and flammations, Splin- ſuch like things gotten within the Lids ters, Thorns, Boils, , to offend them, as alſo to clear them Felons, Head, Brain, from white and red Spots on them. Luft provokes, Back, Terms provokes. The Mucilage of the Seed made with Water, and applied to Tumours, or Swellings, difperfeth and taketh them away; a eth forth Splinters, Thorns, or other Things gotten into the Fleſh The Leaves uſed with Vinegar, either by itſelf, or with a little Honey, doth help hot Infiammations, as alſo Boils, Felons, and the hot Inflammations that are gathered by their Pains, if it be applied before it be grown too great. . The Powder of the dried Root put into the Noſe, provoketh Sneezing, and thereby purgeth the Head and Brain of much Rheum and Corruption. The Seed or Leaves taken in Wine, provoketh to Venery. It is of much uſe both for Men and Women that have weak Backs, and helpeth to ſtrengthen the Reins; uſed either by itſelf, or with other Herbs conducing to the fame Effect, and in Tanfies often. The freſh Leaves dipped in a Batter of Flower, Eggs, and a little Milk, and fried in Butter, and ſerved to the Table, is not unpleaſant to any, but exceeding profitable for thoſe that are troubled with weak Backs, and the Effects thereof. The Juice of the Herb put into Ale or Beer, and drank, bringeth down Wo- mens a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 91 mens Courſes, and expelleth the After- After-birth. birth. It is an ufual Courſe with many Men, when they have got- ten the Running of the Reins, or Women the Whites, they run to the Buſh of Clary; Maid, bring hither the Frying Pan, fetch me fome Butter quickly, then for eating fried Clary, juſt as Hogs eat Acorns; and this they think will cure their Diſeaſe (forſooth) whereas when they have devoured as much Clary as will grow upon an Acre of Ground, their Backs are as much the better, as though they had piſſed in their Shoes; nay, perhaps much worſe. We will grant that Clary ſtrengthens the Back; but this ve deny, that the Cauſe of the Running of the Reins in Men, or the Whites in Women, lies in the Back (though the Back may ſometimes be weakened by them) and therefore the Medicine is as proper, as for me when my Toe is fore, to lay a Plaifter on my Noſe. Wild Clary. Wild 7 Ild Clary is moſt blaſphemouſly called Chriſt's Eye, be- cauſe it cuies Diſeaſes of the Eyes. I could wiſh from my Soul, Blaſphemy, Ignorance and Tyranny, were ceaſed among Phyſicians, that they may, be happy, and I joyful. Deſcript.] It is like the other Clary, but leſſer, with many Stalks about a Foot and half high. The Stalks are ſquare and ſomewhat hairy. The Flowers of a Buſh Colour. He that knows the common Clary, cannot be ignorant of this. Place.] It grows commonly in this Nation in barren Places; you may find it plentifully, if you look in the Fields near Gray's- Inn, and the Fields near Chelſea. Time.] They flower from the Beginning of June, till the latter End of Auguſt. Government and Virtues.] It is ſomething hotter and drier than the Garden Clary is, yet nevertheleſs under the Domi- nion of the Moon, as well as that; the Seeds of it being beaten to Powder, and drank with Wine, is an admirable Help to provoke Luft provoketh, con- Luft. A Decoction of the Leaves being gealed Blood, cold drank, warms the Stomach, and 'tis a Stomach, fore Eyes, Wonder if it ſhould not, the Stomach Films in the Eyes, being Cancer, the Houſe of the Moon. Indigeſtion, Alco E 4 92 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Alſo it helps Digeſtion, ſcatters congealed Blood in any Part of the Body, and helpeth Dimneſs of Sight. The diſtilled Wa- ter hereof cleanſeth the Eyes of Redneſs. Waterihneſs, and Heat. It is a gallant Remedy for Dimneſs of Sight, to take one of the Seeds of it, and put into the Eyes, and there let it remain till it drops out of itſelf, the Pain will be nothing to fpeak on; it will cleanſe the Eyes of all filthy and putre- fied Matter, and in often repeating it, will take off a Film which covereth the Sight; a handſomer, ſafer, and eaſier Remedy a great deal, than to tear it off with a Needle. Cleavers. IT. T is alſo called Aparine, Gooſe-fhare, Gooſe-graſs, and Cleavers. Deſcript.] The common Cleavers have divers very rough, ſquare Stalks, not ſo big as the Top of a Point, but riſing up to be two or three Yards high ſometimes, if it meet with any tall Buſhes or Trees whereon it may climb, yet without any Claſpers, or elſe much lower, and lying on the Ground full of Joints, and at every one of them ſhooteth forth a Branch, beſides the Leaves thereat, which are uſually fix, fet in a round a Compafs like a Star, or a Rowel of a Spur: From between the Leaves or the Joints, towards the Tops of the Branches, come forth very ſmall white Flowers, at every End upon ſmall thready Foot-ftalks, which after they have fallen, there do fhew two ſmall round and rough Seeds joined together like Wo Teſticles, which when they are ripe grow hard and whitiſh, having a little Hole on the Side, tomething like unto a Navel. Both Stalks, Leaves, and Seeds, are ſo rough, that they will cleave to any thing that ſhall touch them. The Root is ſmall and thready, ſpreading much to the Ground, but dieth every Year. Place.] It groweth by the Hedge and Ditch fides in many Places of this Land, and is fo troubleſome an Inhabitant in Gardens, that it rampech upon, and is ready to choak, what- ever grows near it. Time.] It flowereth in June or July, and the Seed is ripe and falleth again in the End of July or Auguft, from whence it ſpringeth up again, and not from the old Roots. Government The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 93 Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Moon, The Juice of the Herb and the Seed together taken in Wine, helpeth thoſe bitten with an Adder, by preſerving the Heart from Venomous Beafts, the Venom. It is familiarly taken in Heart, Fatneſs, Pel- Broth to keep them lean and lank, that low Jaundice, Flux, are aptto grow fat. The diſtilled Water Bloody Flux,Wounds, drank twice a day, helpeth the Yellow Ulcers, Swellings, Jaundice, and the Decoction of the King's Evil, Pain Herb, in Experience, is found to do in the Ears. the ſame, and ſtayeth Laiks and Bloody Fluxes. The Juice of the Leaves, or they a little bruiſed and app ied to any bleeding Wounds, ftayeth the Bleeding. The Juice alſo is very good to cloſe up the Lips of green Wounds, and the Powder of the dried Herb ſtrewed there- upon doth the ſame, and likewiſe helpeth old Ulcers. Being boiled in Hogs Greaſe, it helpeth all Sorts of hard Swell- ings, or Kernels in the Throat, being anointed therewith. The Juice dropped into the Ears taketh away the pain of them. It is a good Remedy in the Spring, eaten (being firſt chop- ped ſmall, and boiled well) in Water-gruel, to cleanſe the Blood, and ſtrengthen the Liver, thereby to keep the Body in Health, and fitting it for that Change of Seaſon that is coming Clowns Woodwort. Defcript.) I Think him but ufually about two Feet, with ſquare, groweth up three Feet high, green, rough Stalks, but ſlender, joined fomewhat far alunder, and two very long, ſomewhat narrow dark green Leaves bluntly dented about the Edges thereof, ending in a long Point. The Flowers ftand towards the Tops, compaſſing the Stalks at the Joints with the Leaves, and end likewiſe in a ſpiked Top, having long and much gaping Hoods of a purple- iih red Colour, with whitiſh Spots in them, ſtanding in ſome what round Huſks, wherein afterwards ftand blackiſh round Seeds. The Root is compoſed of many long Strings, with fome tuberous long Knobs growing among them, of a pale yellowiſh or whitiſh Colour, yet ſome times of the Year theſe knobby Roots in many places are not ſeen in this Plant: The Plant ſmelleth ſomewhat ſtrongly. Place.] 1.5 94 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Place.] It groweth in ſundry Counties of this Land, both North and Weft, and frequently by Path-fides in the Fields near about London, and within three or four Miles diſtant about it, yet it uſually grows in or near Ditches. Time.] It flowereth in June or July, and the Seed is ripe ſoon after. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Wounds, Ulcers, Can- Planet Saturn. It is fingularly effectual kers, Blood, Bloody therefore beareth not this Name for in all freſh and green Wounds, and Flux, Veſels broken, Ruptures, piffing and nought. And it is very available in vomiting Blood, Spit- Fluxes of Humours of old fretting Ul- ftenching of Blood, and to dry up the ting, Veins fwelling, cers, Cankers, &c. that hinder the Muſcles cut. healing of them. A Syrup made of the Juice of it, is inferior to none for inward Wounds, Ruptures of Veins, Blood Flux, Veſſels broken, Spitting, piſſing, or vomiting Blood : Ruptures are excellently, and ſpeedily, even to Admiration, cured by tak- ing now and then a little of the Syrup, and applying an Oint- ment or Plaiſter of this Herb to the Place. Alſo if be ſwelled or Muſcle, apply a Plaiſter of this Herb to it, and if you add a little Comfrey to it, it will not do amiſs. I af- ſure thee the Herb deſerves Commendations, though it have gotten ſuch a clowniſh Name; and whoſoever reads this, if he try it as I have done) will commend it as I have done; only take notice that it is of a dry earthy Quality. a any Vein a а. Deſcript.] T Cock's Head, Red Fitching, or Medick Fetch. HIS. hath divers weak but rough Stalks, half a Yard long, leaning downwards, but fet with winged Leaves, longer and more pointed than thoſe of Lin- tils, and whitiſh underneath; from the Tops of theſe Stalks ariſe up other flender Stalks, naked without Leaves unto the Tops, where they grow many ſmall Flowers in Manner of a Spike, of a pale reddiſh Colour, with ſome Blueneſs among them ; after which riſe up in their Places, round, rough, and ſomewhat flat Heads. The Root is tough, and ſomewhat woody, yet liveth and ſhooteth a-new every Year. . Place.] It groweth under Hedges, and ſometimes in the open Fields, in divers Places of this Land. Time.] The Engliſh Phyſician Erlarged. 95 T Time.] They flower all the Months of July and Auguft, and the Seed ripeneth in the mean while. Government aud Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Venus. It hath Power to rarefy and digeft; and therefore the green Leaves bruiſed and laid as a Plaifter, diſperſe Knots, Nodes, or Kernels in the Fleſh; and Knots, and Kernels in if when it is dry it be taken in Wine, the Fleſh, Strangury, it helpeth the Strangury; and being Milk in Cattle. anointed with Oil it provoketh Sweat. It is a ſingular Food for Cattle, to cauſe them to give Store or Milk; and why then may it not do the like, being boiled in ordinary Drink, for Nurſes ? Columbines. Heſe are ſo well known, growing almoſt in every Garden, that I think I may ſave the Expence of Time in writing a Deſcription of them. Time.] They Aower in May, and abide not for the moſt part when June is paft, perfeeting their Seed in the mean time. Government and Virtues.] It is alſo an Herb of Venus. The Leaves of Columbines are commonly uſed in Lotions with good Succeſs for fore Mouths and Throats. Tragus faith, that a Drachm Ohfructions, Yellow of the Seed taken in Wine with a Jaundice, ſore Mouth and Throats, Womens little Saffron, openeth Obſtructions of the, Liver, and is good for the Travail, Stone. Yellow Jaundice, if the Party after the taking thereof be laid to ſweat well in Bed. The Seed alſo taken in Wine caufeth a ſpeedy Delivery of Women in Childbirth; if one Draught ſuffice not, let her drink the ſecond, and it is effectual: The Spaniards uſed to eat a Piece of the Root thereof in a Morn- ing fafting many Days together, to help them being trou- bled with Stone in the Reins or Kidneys. Coltsfoot. Alled alſo Coughwort, Foals-foot, Horſe-hoof, and bulls-foot. Defcript.]This ſhooteth up a ſlenderStalk,with ſmallyellow- ifh Flowers ſomewhat earlier,which fall away quickly,and af- ter they are part, come up ſomewhat round Leaves, ſometimes dented about the Edges, much leſſer, thicker, and greener than a Chu С 96 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a than thoſe of Butter-bur, with a little Down or Frieze over the green Leaf on the upper Side, which may berubbed away, and whitiſh or meally underneath. The Root is ſmall and white, ſpreading much under Ground, ſo that where it taketh, it will hardly be driven away again, if any little Piece be abiding therein ; and from thence ſpring freſh Leaves. Place.] It groweth as well in wet Grounds as in drier Places. Time.] And flowereth in the End of February, the Leaves beginning to appear in March. Government and Virtues.] The Plant is under Venus ; the freſh Leaves or Juice, or a Syrup thereof is good for a hot dry Cough, or Wheezing, and Shortneſs of Cough, Wheezing, Breath. The dry Leaves are beſt for Shortneſs of Breath, thoſe that have thin Rheums and Di- Agues, Inflammations, ftillations upon their Lungs, cau nga , Swellings, St. Antho- Cough, for which alſo the dried ny's Fire, Burnings, Leaves taken as Tobacco or the Root Cholerick Puſhes, is very good. The diſtilled Water Piles, Inflammations hereof fimply, or with Elder Flowers in the Privities. and Nightſhade is a fingular good Remedy againſt all hot Agues, to drink two Ounces at a Time,and apply Cloths wet therein to the Head and Stomach, which alſo does much Good, being applied to any hot Swellings and Inflammations: It helpeth St. Anthony's Fire and Burnings, and is fingular good to take away Wheals and ſmall Puſhes that ariſe thro' Heat; as alſo the burning Heat of the Piles, or Privy Parts, Cloths wet therein being thereunto applied. Comfrey. HE common Great Comfrey hath divers very ſo hairy, or prickly, that if they touch any tender parts of the Hands, Face, or Body, it will cauſe it to itch; the Stalk that riſeth from among them, being two or three Feet high, hollow and cornered, is very hairy alſo, having many ſuch like Leaves as grow below, but leſſer and leſer up to the Top: At the Joints of the Stalks it is divided into many Branches, with ſome Leaves thereon; and at the Ends ſtand many Flowers in order one above ano- ther, which are ſomewhat long and hollow like the Fin ger of a Glove, of a pale whitiſh Colour, after which come Imall Defcript.] T large hairy green Leaves lying on the Ground, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 97 black Seeds. The Roots are great and long, ſpreading great thick Branches under Ground, black on the outſide, and whitiſh within, ſhort and eaſy to break, and full of gluti- nous or clammy Juice, of little or no Taſte at all. There is another Sort,in all Things like this, ſave only it is ſomewhat leſs, and beareth Flowers of a pale purple Colour, Place.] They grow by Ditches and Water-fides,and in di- vers Fields that are moiſt, for therein they chiefly delight to grow. The firſt generally through all the Land, and the other but in ſome Places. By the Leave of my Authors, I know the firſt grow often in dry Places. Time.] They flower in June or July, and give their Seed in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] This is alſo an Herb of Saturn, and I ſuppoſe under the Sign Capricorn, cold, dry and earthy in Quality. Whatwasſpoken of Clowns Woundwort,may be faid of this. The Inward Wounds, and Great Comfrey helpeth thoſe that ſpit Bruiſes, Spitting, and Blood, or make a bloody Urine. The Pifing Blood, Ptyfick. Root boiled in Wateror Wine, and the Decoction drank, helps allinward Hurts,Bruiſes,and Wounds, and Ulcers of the Lungs, cauſeth the Phlegm that opprefſeth them to be eaſily ſpit forth: It cauſeth the Defluxion of Rheum from the Head upon the Lungs, the Fluxes of Blood or Hu- mours by the Belly, Womens immo- derate Courſes, as well the Reds as Bloody Flux, Ternes the Whites, and the Running of the stops, Whites, Nerves Reins, happening by what Courſe fo- cut, cut, Muſcles cut, A Syrup made thereof is very harp Humours, effectual for all thoſe inward Griefs Wounds, Ruptures, and Hurts, and the diſtilled Water for broken Bones, knotted the fame Purpoſe alſo, and for out- Breaſts Inflamma- ward Wounds and Sores, in the fleſhy tions, Hæmorrhoids, or finewy Part of the Body whatſoever, Gout, pained Joints, as alſo to take away the Fits of Agues, Gangrenes. and to allay the Sharpneſs of Hu- A Decoction of the Leaves hereof is available to all the Purpoſes, tho' not fo effectual as the Roots. The Roots being outwardly applied, help freſh Wounds or Cuts immediately, being bruiſed and laid thereto; and is eſpecially good for Ruptures and broken Bones; yea it is ever. mours. 98 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. is ſaid to be ſo powerful to conſolidate and knit together, that if they be boiled with diffevered Pieces of Fleſh in a Pot, it will join them together again. It is good to be applied to Womens Breaſts that grow fore by the Abundance of Milk coming into them. Alſo to repreſs the overmuch bleeding of the Hæmorrhoids, to cool the Inflammation of the Parts thereabouts, and to give Eaſe of Pains. The Roots of Com- fry taken freſh, beaten ſmall, and ſpread upon Leather, and laid upon any Place troubled with the Gout, doth preſently give Eaſe of the Pains; and applied in the ſame Manner, giveth Eaſe to pained Joints, and profiteth very much for running and moiſt Ulcers, Gangrenes, Mortifications, and the like, for which it hath by often Experience been found helpful. Coralwort. I Tis alfo called by fome, Toothwort, Tooth Violets Dog Teeth Deſcript.] Of the many Sorts of this Herb two of them may be found growing in this Nation; the firſt of which ſhooteth forth one or two winged Leaves, upon long browniſh Foot- ftalks, which are doubled down at their firſt coming out of the Ground; when they are fully opened, they conſiſt of ſeven Leaves, moſt commonly of a ſad green Colour, dented about the Edges, ſet on both sides the middle Rib, one a- gainſt another, as the Leaves of the Aſh Tree; the Stalk beareth no Leaves on the lower Half of it; the upper Half beareth ſometimes three orfour, each conſiſting of fiveLeaves, ſometimes of three; on the Top ſtand four or five Flowers upon fhort Foot-ſtalks, with long Hulks; the Flowers are very like the Flowers of Stockgilliflowers, of a pale pur- pliſh Colour, conſiſting of four Leaves a-piece, after which come ſmall Cods, which contain the Seed; the Root is ve- ry ſmooth, white and ſhining; it doth not grow downwards, but creeping along under the upper Cruft of the Ground, and confifteth of divers ſmall round Knobs ſet together; to- wards the Top of the Stalk there grows ſome fingle Leaves,by each of which cometh a finall cloven Bulb, which when it is ripe, if it be ſet in the Ground, it will grow to be a Root. As for all the other Co alwort which groweth in this Na- tion, 'tis more ſcarce than this, being a very ſmall Plant, not much unlike Crowfoot; therefore ſome think it to be one of the Sorts of Cowfoot: I know not where to direct you to it, therefore I ſhall forbear the Deſcription. Placea] a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 99 a Place.] The firſt groweth in Mayfield in Suſſex, in a Wood called Highread, and in another Wood there alſo, called Fox-Holes Time.] They flower from the latter End of April to the Middle of May; and before the Middle of July they are gone, and not to be found, Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Moon. It cleanſeth the Bladder, and provoketh Urine, expels Gravel, and Dyfury, Stone, Sides, , the Stone ; it eaſeth Pains in the Sides Gravel, Wounds in the Breaſt and Lungs. and Bowels, is excellent good for in- Bowels, Fluxes, Rup- ward Wounds, eſpecially ſuch as are tures, Wounds and made in the Breaſt or Lungs, by taking Ulcers. a Drachm of the Powder of the Root every Morning in Wine; the ſame is excellent good for Rup- tures, as alſo to ſtop Fluxes ; an Ointment made of it is ex- cellent good for Wounds and Ulcers; for it ſoon dries up the watry Humours which hinder the Cure. Coſtmary, or Alcoſt, or Balſam Herb. TH HIS is fo frequently known to be an Inhabitant in al- moſt every Garden, that I ſuppoſe it needleſs to write a Deſcription thereof. Time.] It flowereth in June and July. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Ju- piter. The ordinary Coſtmary, as well as Maudlin, provoketh Urine abundantly, and moiſteneth the Hardneſs of the Mother ; it gently ler, Phlegm, Putrefac- Dy/tury, Womb, Cho- purgeth CholerandPhlegm,extenuat- , ing thatwhich is groſs, and cutting that tion, Corruption, Ob- which is tough and glutinous ; cleanf- ftructions, Quotidian eth that which is foul, and hindereth Agues, Stomach, Li- , Putrefaction and Corruption; it diffol- ver, raw Humours, veth without Attraction, openeth Ob- Head-ach, Cachexia, ſtructions, and helpeththeirevilEffects, Rheum, Worms, Ul- and it is a wonderful Help to all Sorts of dry Agues. It is aſtringent to the Stomach, and ſtrength- eneth the Liver, and all the other inward Parts; and taken in Whey worketh more effectually. Taken faſting in the Morn- ing, it is very profitable for the Pains in the Head, that are continual, cers. a IOO The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. continual, and to ſtay, dry up, and conſume all thin Rheums or Diſtillations from the Head into the Stomach, and helpeth much to digeſt raw Humours that are gathered therein. It is very profitable for thoſe that are fallen into a continual evil Diſpoſition of the whole Body, called Cachexia, being eſpe- cially in the Beginning of the Diſeaſe. It is an eſpecial Friend, and Help to evil, weak, and cold Livers. The Seed is familiarly given to Children for the Worms, and ſo is the Infuſion of the Flower in White Wine given them to the Quantity of two Ounces at a Time; it maketh an excellent Salve to cleanſe and heal old Ulcers, being boiled with Oil of Olive, and Adders Tongue with it, and after it is ſtrained, put a little Wax, Roſin, and Turpentine, to bring it to a convenient Body. Cudweed, or Cottonweed. Efides Cudweed, and Cottonweed, it is alſo called Chaff- weed, Dwarf Cotton, and Petty Cotton. Deſcript.] The common Cudweed riſeth up with one Stalk ſometimes, and ſometimes with two or three, thick ſet on all Sides with ſmall, long and narrow, whitiſh or woody Leaves, from the Middle of the Stalk almoſt up to the Top, with every Leaf ftandeth a ſmall Flower of a dun or brownih yellow Co- a lour, or not fo yellow as others; in which Herbs, after the Flowers are fallen, come ſmall Seed wrapped up, with the Down therein, and is carried away with the Wind; the Root is ſmall and thready. There are other Sorts hereof, which are ſomewhat leſſer than the former, not much different, ſave only that the Stalks and Leaves are fhorter, ſo the Flowers are paler and more open. Place.] They grow in dry, barren, fandy, and gravelly Grounds, in moſt Places of this Land. Time.] They flower about July, ſome earlier, fome later, and their Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] Venus is Lady of it. The Plants are allaftringent,or binding and drying, Bind, dry Fluxes, and therefore profitable for Defluxions Terms, ill ſtopped of Rheum from the Head, and to ſtay Raptures, Worms, Fluxes of Blood whereſoever, the De. Teneſmus, Wounds, coction being made into red Wine and Bleedings, Ulcers, drank, or the Powder taken therein. It Quinſy. alſo helpeth the Bloody-flux, and eaſeth the a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. IOI the Torments that come thereby, ſtayeth the immoderate Courſes of Women, and is alſo good for inward or outward Wounds, Hurts and Bruiſes, and helpeth Children both of Burſtings and the Worms, and the Diſeaſes called Teneſmus, which is an often Provocation to the Stool, and doing nothing, being either drank or injected. The green Leaves bruiſed, and laid to any green Wound, ftayeth the Bleeding, and healeth it up quickly. The Juice of the Herb taken in Wine and Milk is, as Pliny faith, a ſovereign Remedy againſt the Mumps and Quinſey; and further faith, that whoſoever ſhall ſo take it, ſhall never be troubled with that Diſeaſe again. Cowſlips, or Peagles. , В. OTH the Wild and Garden Cowlips are ſo well known, that I will neither trouble myſelf nor the Reader with a Deſcription of them. Time.] They flower in April and May. Government ana Virtues.] Venus lays claim to the Herb as her own, and it is under the Sign Aries, and our City Dames know well enough, the Ointment or diſtilled Water of it adds Beauty, or at leaſt reſtores it when it is loft. The Flowers are held to be more effectual than the Leaves, and the Roots of little Uſe. An Ointment being made with them, taketh away Spots and Wrinkles of the Skin, Sun burning, and Freckles, and adds Spots, Wrinkles, Sun- Beauty exceedingly; they remedy all burn, Head, Heat, Infirmities of the Head coming of Convulſions, Wind, Heat and Wind; asVertigo, Ephialtes, Vertigo, , Cramps, falſe Apparitions, Phrenſies, Falling- Bark, Beauty adds, Sickneſs, Palfies, Convulſions, Cramps, Ephialtes, Wounds, Pains in the Nerves; the Roots eaſe Pally, Bladder, Pains in the Back and Bladder, and Trembling, Phrenſies, open the Paſſages of Urine. The Falling Sickneſs. Leaves are good in Wounds, and the Flowers take away Trembling. If the Flowers be not well dried, and kept in a warm Place, they will ſoon putrefy and look green: Have a ſpecial Eye over them. If you let them ſee the Sun once a Month, it will do neither the Sun nor them Harm. Becauſe 102 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Becauſe they ſtrengthen the Brain and Nerves, and reme- dy Palfies, the Greeks gave them the Name Paralyfis : The Flowers preſerved or conſerved, and the Quantity of a Nut- meg eaten every Morning, is a fufficient Doſe for inward Diſeaſes; but for Wounds, Spots, Wrinkles, and Sunburn- ing, an Ointment is made of the Leaves, and Hogs Greaſe. Crabs Claws. C ALLED alſo Water Sengreen, Knights Pond Water, Water Houſeleek, Pond Weed, and Freſh-water Sol- dier. Deſcription.] It hath fundry long narrow Leaves, with ſharp Prickles on the Edges of them alſo, very ſharp-point- ed; the Stalks which bear Flowers ſeldom grow ſo high as the Leaves, bearing a forked Head like a Črab's Claws, out of which comes a white Flower, confifting of three Leaves, with divers yellowiſh hairy Threads in the Middle; it taketh Root in the Mud in the Bottom of the Water. Place.] It groweth plentifully in the Fens in Lincolnſhire. Time.] It flowers in June, and uſually from thence till Auguft. Government and Virtues.] 'Tis a Plant under the Dominion of Venus,and therefore a great Strengthener of the Reins; it is excellent good in that Inflammation Reins, St. Anthony's which is commonlycalled St. Anthony's Fire, Inflammations, Fire; it affwageth all Inflammations, and Swellings in and Swellings in Wounds; and an Wounds, Kidneys Ointment made of it, is excellent good bruiſed, piſſing Blood, to heal them; there is ſcarce a better Terms ſtops. Remedy growing than this is, for ſuch as have bruiſed theirKidneys,and upon that Account piſſing Blood; a Dram of the Powder of the Herb taken every Morning, is a very good Remedy to ſtop the Terms a Black- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 103 Black Creffes. Deſcript.] I , T hath long Leaves, deeply cut and jagged on both Sides, not much unlike Wild Muſtard; the Stalks be ſmall, very limber, tho' very tough; you may twiſt them round as you may a Willow, before they break. The Stones be very ſmall and yellow, after which comes ſmall Cods, which contain the Seed. Place.] It is a common Herb, grows uſually by the Way- fides, and ſometimes upon Mud Walls about London, but it delights moſt to grow amongſt Stones and Rubbiſh. Time.] It flowers in June and July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguſt and September. Government and Virtues.] 'Tis under the Dominion of Mars, and is a Plant of a hot and biting Nature ; the Truth a is, the Seed of Black Creſſes ſtrengthens the Brain exceed- ingly, being in performing that Of- fice little inferior to Muſtard Seed, if Brain,Rheums, Scia- at all; they are excellent good to ſtay tica, Lungs, Cough, thoſe Rheums which may fall down Yellow Jaundice, In- from the Head upon the Lungs; you flammation in the may beat the Seed into Powder,if you Breaſt and Teſticles. pleaſe, and make it up into an Electu- ary with Honey; ſo you have an excellent Remedy by you, fo not only for the Premiſes, but alſo for the Cough, Yellow Jaundice, and Sciatica. The Herb boiled into a Poultice, is an excellent Remedy for Inflammations both in Womens Breaſts and Mens Teſticles. Sciatica Creſſes. Defcript.) T With a round Stalk, about two Feet highe ? Here are of two kinds: The firſt riſeth up , , ſpread into divers Branches, whoſe lower Leaves are fome- what larger than the upper, yet all of them cut or torn on the Edges, ſomewhat like Garden Creſſes, but ſmaller ; the Flowers are ſmall and white, growing at the Tops of Branches, where afterwards grow Huſks, with ſmall brown- , iſh Seed therein, very ſtrong and ſharp in Taſte, more than the Creffes of the Garden; the Root is long, white, and woody. The 104 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The other hath the lower Leaves, whole, ſomewhat long and broad, not torn at all, but only ſomewhat deeply dented about the Edges towards the Ends; but thoſe that grow up higher are leffer. The Flowers and Seeds are like the former, and ſo is the Root likewiſe, and both Root and Seed as ſharp as it. Place.] They grow by the Way-fides in untilled Places, and by the sides of old Walls. Time.) They flower in the End of June, and their Seed is ripe in July. Government and Virtues.] It is a Saturnine Plant. The Leaves, but eſpecially the Root, taken freſh in Summer-time, beaten or made into a Poultice or Salve with old Hogs Greaſe, and applied to the Places pain' with the Sciatica, to continue thereon four Hours, if it be Sciatica, Head-ach, on a Man, and two Hours on a Wo- Gout, Rheums. man; the Place afterwards bath'd with Wine and Oil mix'd together, and then wrapped with Wool or Skins after they have ſweat a little, will affuredly cure not only the ſame Diſeaſe in Hips, Huckle- bone or other of the Joints, as Gout in the Hands or Feet, but all other old Griefs of the Head, (as inveterate Rheums) and other parts of the Body that are hard to be cured. And if of the former Griefs any Parts remain, the fame Medicine after twenty Days is to be applied again. The fame is alſo effectual in the Diſeaſe of the Spleen ; Spleen, Scars, Scab, and applied to the Skin, it taketh away Leproſy, Scurf. the Blemiſhes thereof, whether they be Scars, Leproſy, Scabs, or Scurf, which altho' it ulcerate the Part, yet that is to be helped after- wards with a Salve made of Oil and Wax. Efteem this as another Secret. Water Creffes. و Deſcript.] ) UR ordinary Water Creſſes ſpread forth with many weak, hollow, fappy Stalks, ſhooting out Fibres at the Joints, and upwards long winged Leaves made of fundry broad fappy almoſt round Leaves, of a brown- ifh Colour. The Flowers are many and white, ftanding on long Foot-ſtalks, after which come ſmall yellow Seed contain- ed in ſmall long Pods like Horns. The whole Plant abideth green in the Winter, and taſteth fomewhat hot and ſharp. Place.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 105 Tems Place.] They grow (for the moſt Part) in ſmall ſtanding Waters, yet fometimes in ſmall Rivulets of running Water. Place.] They flower and ſeed in the begining of Summer. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb under the Dominion of the Moon. They are more powerful againſt the Scurvy, and to cleanſe the Scurvy, Blood, Stone, Blood and Humours, than Brooklime Humours, D; fury, is, and ſerve in all the other Uſes in Ulcers, which Brooklime is available, as to provokes, Freckles, break the Stone, and provoke Urine Pimples, Lethargy, and Womens Courſes. The Decoction Dulneſs, Spots. thereof cleanſeth Ulcers, by waſhing them therewith. The Leaves bruiſed, or the Juice, is good, to be applied to the Face or other parts troubled with Freckles, Pimples, Spots, or the like, at Night, and waſhed away in the Morning The Juice mixed with Vinegar, and the forepart of the Head bathed therewith, is very good for thoſe that are dull and drowſy, or have the Lethargy. Watercreſs Pottage is a good Remedy to cleanſe the Blood in the Spring, and help Headachs, and conſume the grofs Humours Winter hath left behind; thoſe that would live in Health, may uſe it if they pleaſe, if they will not, I cannot help it. If any fancy not Pottage, they may eat the Herb as a Sallet. Croſſwort. Deſcript.) C. Ommon Croſwort groweth up with ſquare hairy brown Stalks a little above a Foot high, having four ſmall broad and pointed, hairy, yet ſmooth green Leaves, growing at every Joint, each againſt other croſs-way, which has cauſed the Name. Towards the Tops of the Stalks at the Joints, with the Leaves in three or four rows down- wards, itand ſmall, pale, yellow Flowers, after which come ſmall blackiſh round Seeds, four for the moſt part, fet in every Hulk. The Root is very ſmall,and full of Fibres, or Threads, taking good hold of the Ground, and ſpreading with the Branches a great deal of Ground, which periſh not in Winter, although the Leaves die every Year, and ſpring again anew. Place.] It groweth in many moiſt Grounds, as well Mea- dows as untilled Places about London, in Hamſiead Church- yard, at Wye in Kent, and ſundry other places. Time.] 106 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Time.] It flowereth from May all the Summer long, in one Place or other, as they are more open to the Sun; the Seed ripeneth ſoon after. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Sa- turn. This is a fingular good Wound Wounds inward and Herb, and is uſed inwardly, not only outward,Phlegm,Ob- to ſtay bleeding of Wounds, but to ſtructions, Stomach, conſolidate them, as it doth outwardly Bowels, Ruptures. any green Wound, which it quickly ſoldereth up, and healeth. The De- coction of the Herb in Wine, helpeth to expectorate Phlegm out of the Cheſt, and is good for Obſtructions in the Breaſt, Stomach or Bowels, and helpeth a decayed Appetite. It is alſo good to waſh any Wound or Sore with, to cleanſe and heal it. The Herb bruiſed, and then boiled, and applied outwardly for certain Days together, renewing it often; and in the mean Time, the Deco&tion of the Herb in Wine, taken inwardly every Day, doth certainly cure the Rupture in any, ſo as it be not too inveterate ; but very ſpeedily, if it be freſh and lately taken. Crowfoot. M AN Y are the Names this furious biting Herb hath obtained, almoſt enough to make up a Welſhman's Pedigree, if he fetch no farther than John of Gaunt, or Wil- liam the Conqueror; for it is called Frogsfoot, from the Greek Name Barrakion: Crowfoot, Gold Knobs, Gold Cups, King's Knob, Baffiners, Troilflowers, Polts, Locket Gou- lions, and Butterflowers. Abundance are the Sorts of this Herb, that to deſcribe them all, would tire the Patience of Socrates himſelf; but becauſe I have not yet attained to the Spirit of Socrates, I ſhall but deſcribe the moſt uſual. Deſcript.] The moſt common Crowfoot hath many dark green Leaves,cut into divers Parts, in Tafie biting and ſharp, biting and bliſtering the Tongue; it bears many Flowers, and thoſe of a bright, reſplendent, yellow Colour. I do not re- member, that I ever ſaw any thing yellower. Virgins in an- cient Time uſed to make Powder of them to furrow Bride Beds; after which Flowers come ſmall Heads, ſome ſpiked and rugged like a Pine-Apple. Place.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 107 a I Place.] They grow very common every where ; unleſs you turn your Head into a hedge, you cannot but ſee them as you walk. Time.] They flower in May and June, even till September. Government and Virtues.] This fiery and hot ſpirited Herb of Mars, is no way fit to be given inwardly, but an Oint- ment of the Leaves or Zlowers will draw a Blifter, and may be ſo fitly applied to the Nape of the Neck, to draw back Rheum from the Eyes. The Herb being bruiſed, and mixed with a little Muſtard, draws a Bliſter as well, and as per- fectly as Cantharides, and with far leſs Danger to the Veſſels of Urine, which Cantharides naturally delight to wrong: I knew the Herb one applied to a Peſtilential Riſing that was fallen down, and it ſaved Life even beyond Hope ; it were good keeping an Ointment and Plaiſter of it, if it were but for that. Cuckow-point. Tis called Alron, Janus, and Barba-aron, Calves-foot, Ramp, Starchwort, Cuckow-pintle, Priefts-pintle, and Wake Robin. Deſcript.] This ſhooteth forth three, four or five Leaves at the moſt, from one Root, every one whereof is ſomewhat large and long, broad at the Bottom next the ſtalk, and forked, but ending in a Point, without a Cut on the Edge, of a full green Colour, each ſtanding upon a thick round Stalk, of a Handful Breadth long, or more, among which, after two or three months that they begin to wither, riſeth up a bare,round, whitiſh, green Stalk, ſpotted and ſtreaked with Purple, ſome- what higher than the Leaves : At the Top whereofftandeth a long, hollow Houſe or Huſk, cloſe at the Bottom, but open from the Middle upwards, ending in a Point; in the Middle whereof ſtand the ſmall, long Peſtle or Clapper,ſmaller at the Bottom than at the Top, of a dark purple Colour, as the Hulk is on the Inſide, though green without; which after it hath ſo abided for ſome Time, the Hulk with the Clapper decayeth, and the Foot or Bottom thereof groweth to be a fmall long Bunch of Berries,green at the firſt, and of a yellowiſh red Co- lour when they are ripe, of the Bigneſs of a Hazel Nut Ker- nel, which abideth thereon almoit until Winter; the Root is round, and ſomewhat long, for the moſt part lying along, the Leaves ſhooting forth at the bigger End, which when it bear- eth his Berries, are ſomewhat wrinkled and looſe, another growing under it, which is folid and firm, with many fmall Threads а а. IOS The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a threads hanging thereat. The whole Plant is of a very ſharp, bi- ting taſte, pricking the Tongue as Nettles do the Hands, and ſo abideth for a great while withoutalteration. Theroot hereof was anciently uſed inſtead of Starch to ſtarch Linen withal.- There is another Sort of Cuckowpoint, with leſſer Leaves than the former, and ſometimes harder, having blackiſh Spots upon them, which for the moſt part abide longer green in Sum- mer than the former,and both Leaves and Roots are more ſharp and fierce than it : In all Things elſe it is like the former. Place.] Theſe two Sorts grow frequently almoft under every Hedge-fide in many places of this Land. Time.] They ſhoot forth Leaves in the Spring, and conti- nue but until the Middle of Summer, or ſomewhat later: their Huks appearing before they fall away; and their Fruit fhewing in April. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Mars. Tragus reporteth, that a Drachm Weight, or more, if need be, of the ſpotted Wake Robin, either fresh and green, or dried, being eaten and taken, is a moſt pre- Poiſon, Plague, Boil, fent and fure Remedy for Poiſon and the Dificulty of Breath, Plague. The Juice of the Herb taken to Cough. the Quantityof a Spoonful bath the faine Effect. But if there be a little Vinegar added thereunto, as well as unto the Root aforeſaid, it fome- what allayeth the ſharp biting Taſte thereof upon the Tongue. The green Leaves bruiſed, and laid upon any Boil or Plague Sore, doth wonderfully help to draw forth the Poiſon: A Drachm of the Powder of the dried Root taken with twice fo much Sugar in the Form of a licking Electuary, or the green Root, doth wonderfully help thoſe that are purfy and thort- winded, as alſo thoſe that have a Cough; it breaketh, di- gefteth, and riddeth away Phlegm from the Stomach, Cheit, and Lungs. The Milk wherein the Root hath been boil'd is effectual alſo for the ſame Purpoſe. The ſaid Powder taken in Wine or other Drink, or the Juice of the Berries, or the Powder of them, or the Wine where- Phlegm, Dyfury, Terms in they have been boiled ; provoketh provokes, After-birth, Urine, and bringeth down Womens Ulcers, Itch, Ruptures, Courſes, and purgeth them effectually Polypus, Eyes, T hroat, after Child-bearing, to bring away Jaws, Gout, Piles or the After-birth. Taken with Sheeps Hamorrhoids, Funda- Milk, it healeth the inward Ulcers of the a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 109 the Bowels. The diſtilled Waterthereof ment falling down, is effectual to allthePurpoſes aforeſaid. Scurf, Freckles, Spots, A Spoonful taken at a time healeth the Blemiſhes. Itch; and an Ounce or more taken at a time, for ſome Days together, doth help the Rupture: The Leaves, either green or dry, or the Juice of them, doth cleanſe all manner of rotten and filthy Ulcers,in what Part of the Body ſoever; and healeth the ſtinking Sores in the Noſe, called Polypus. The Water wherein the Root hath been boil- ed, dropped into the Eyes, cleanſeth them from any Film or Skin, Cloud or Miſts, which begin to hinder the sight, and helpeth the Watering and Redneſs of them; or when, by fore Chance, they become black and blue. The Root mix'd with Bean-flour, and applied to the Thrờat or Jaws that are inflamed, helpeth them. The Juice of the Berries boiled in Oil of Roſes, or beaten into Powder mixed with the Oil,and dropped into the Ears, eaſeth l'ains in them. The Berries, or the Roots beaten with hot Ox-dung and applied, eaſeth the Pains of the Gout. The Leaves and Roots boiled in Wine with a little Oil, and applied to the Piles, or the Falling down of the Fundament, eafeth them; and ſo doth Sitting over the hot Fumes thereof. The freh Roots bruiſed, and diſtilled with a little Milk, yieldeth a moft ſovereign Wa- ter to cleanſe the skin from Scurf, Freckles, Spots, or Blemiſhes whatſoever therein. Authors have left large Commendations of this Herb, you ſee; but for my part, I have neither ſpoken with Dr. Reaſon, nor Dr. Experience about it. Cucumbers, or (according to the Pronunciation of the Vulgar) Cowcumbers, Here is no Diſpute to be made, but that they are under the Dominion of the Moon, cho' they are ſo much cried out againſt for their Coldneſs, and if they were but one Degree colder they would be Poi- fon. The beſt of Galeniſts hold them to be cold and moiſt in the ſecond Degree, and then not ſo hot as eitherLettuces or Purſlain : They are Stomach hot, Liver excellent good for a hot Stomach,and hot, Humours raw, hot Liver; the unmeaſurable Uſe of Skin cleanſeth, bot. themfills theBodyfull of raw Humours. Rheums in the Eyes F aud and Virtuen a IIO The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. provokes Urine, and and ſo indeed the unmeaſurable Uſe cleanſes the Paſſages, of anything elſe doth Harm. The Juice Ulcers in the Bladder, of Cucumbers, the Face being waſhed Red Face, Sun-burn- with it, cleanſeth the Skin, and is ex- ing, Freckles, Mor- cellent good for hot Rheums in the phew. Eyes; the Seed is excellent good to provoke Urine, and cleanſeth the Paf- ſages thereof when they are ſtopped. Neither do I think there is a better Remedy for Ulcers in the Bladder growing, a than Cucumbers are. The uſual courſe is, to uſe the Seeds in Emulſions, as they make Almond Milk; but a better Way far (in my Opinion) is this: When the Seaſon of the Year is, to take the Cucumbers and bruiſe them well, and di. ſtil the Water from them, and let ſuch as are troubled with Ulcers in the Bladder drink no other Drink. The Face being waſhed with the ſame Water, cureth the reddeit Face that is : it is alſo excellent good for Sun-burning, Freckles, and Morphew. Daiſies. Hefe alſo are ſo well known almoſt to every Child, that I fuppofe it altogether needleſs to write any deſcription of them. Take therefore the Virtues of them as followeth. Government and Virtues.] The Herbis under the Sign Cancer, and under the Dominion of Venus,and therefore excellent good for Wounds in the Breaſt, and very fitting to be kept both in Oils, Ointments, and Plaiſters, as alſo in Syrup. The greater vild Daiſy is a Wound Herb of good Wounds inward and Reſpect, often uſed in thoſe Drinks or outward, Choler, Li- Salves that are for Wounds, either in- ver, Breaft, Ulcers, ward or outward. The Juice or diftil- -Szwelling, Kernels, led Water of theſe, or the ſmall Daiſy, Bruiſes, Falls, Rup- doth much temper the Heat of Choler, tures, Burnings, In- and refreſh the Liver and the otherin- fan nations ward Parts. A Decoction made of them, and drank, helpeth to cure the Wounds made i. the Hollowneſs of the Breaſt. The ſame alſo cureth all Ulcers and Puſtules in the Mouth or Tongue, or in the ſecretParts. The Leaves bruiſed and applied to the Cods, or to any other parts that are ſwoln and hot, doth diffolve it, and temper the Heat. A Decoction made thereof, of Wall- wort and Agrimony, and the Places fomented or bathed there- with T The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. III I de with warm, giveth great Eaſe to them that are troubled with the Palſy, Sciatica, or the Gout. The ſame alſo diſperſeth and diffolveth the Knots or Kernels that grow in the Fleſh of any Part of the Body, and Bruiſes and Hurts that come of Fall and Blows; they are alſo uſed for Ruptures, and other in ward Burnings, with very good Succeſs. An Ointment made hereof doth wonderfully help all Wounds that have Inflam- mations about them, or by reaſon of moiſt Humours having Acceſs unto them, are kept long from healing; and ſuch are thofe, for the moſt part, that happen to Joints of the Arms or Legs. The Juice of them dropped into the running Eyes of any, doth much help them. Dandelion, vulgarly called Piſs-a-Beds. Defcript.] T is well known to have many long and deep gaſhed Leaves, lying on the Ground round about the Head of the Roots; the Ends of each Gah or Jog, or both Sides looking downwards towards the Roots ; the middle Rib being white, which being broken, yieldeth abundance of bitter Milk, but the Root much more; from among the Leaves, which always abide green, ariſe many flender, weak, naked Fcot-ttaiks, every one of them bear- ing at the Top one large yellow Flower, conſiſting of many rows of yellow Leaves, broad at the points and nicked in with deep Spots of yellow in the Middle, which growing ripe, the green Hulk wherein the Flowers ftood turns itſelf down to the Stalk, and the Head of Down becomes as round as a Ball; with long reddish Seed underneath, bearing a Part of the Down on the Head of every one, which together is blown away with the Wind, or may be at once blown away with one's Mouth. The Root growing downwards exceeding deep, which being broken off within the Ground, will yet ſhoot forch .again, and will hardly be deſtroyed where it , hath once taken deep Root in the Ground. Place.] It groweth frequently in all Meadows and Paiture- grounds. Time.] It flowereth in one place or other almoſt all the Year long Government and Virtue.] It is under the Dominion of Jupiter. It is of an opening and cleanſing Quality, and there, fore very effectual for the Obſtructions of the Liver, Gall, and Spleen, and the Diſeaſes that ariſe from them, as the Jaundice, and Hy- Openeth, Cleanſet) F 2 pochondrical JI2 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Gail, Spleen, Faun- ly openeth the paſſages of the Urine dice Hypochondria- both in young and old. It powerfully cal Melancholy, Dy- cleanſeth Apofthumes and inward Ul- Jury, Conſumption, cers in the Urinary Paſſage, and, by its Cachexia, Watching, drying and temperate Quality, doth Heat, Agues, Peſti- afterwards heal them; for which Pur- lence. poſe the Decoction of the Roots or Leaves in White-wine, or the Leaves chopped as Pot-herbs, with a few Aliſanders, and boiled in their Broth, are very effectual. And whoſo is drawing to- wards a Conſumption, or an evil Diſpofition of the whole Body, called Cachexia, by the Uſe hereof for ſome Time together, ſhall find a wonderful Help. It helpeth alſo to pro- cure Reſt and Sleep to Bodies diſtempered by the Heat of Ague-Fits, or otherwiſe : The Difilled Water is effectual to drink in Peſtilential Fevers, and to waſh the Sores. You fee here what Virtues this common Herb hath, and that's the Reaſon the French and Dutch fo often eat them in the Spring; and now, if you look a little farther, you may fee plainly, without a Pair of Spectacles, that Foreign Phyſicians are not fo ſelfiſh as ours are, but more communicative of the Virtues of Plants to People. Darnel. a T is called Jum and Wray; in Suſſex they call it Crop, it I being a perilent Enemy amongi" Corno Defcript.] This hath all the Winter long, ſundry long, flat, and rough Leaves, which, when the Stalk riſeth,which is flen- der and jointed, are narrower, but rough ſtill; on the Top groweth a long Spike, compoſed of many Heads ſet one above another, containing two or three Huſks, with ſharp but ſhort Beards of Awns at the End; the Seed is eaſily ſhaked out of the Ear, the Hulk itſelf being ſomewhat rough. Place.] The Country Huſbandmen do know this too well to grow among their Corn, or in the Borders and Pathways of the other Fields that are fallow. Government and Virtues.] It is a malicious Plant of fulle n Saturn. As it is not without ſome Vices, fo hath it alſo many Virtues. The Meal of Darnel is very Gangrenes, Cankers, good to ſtay Gangrenes, and other ſuch Leprosy, Morphew, like fretting and eating Cankers, and 2 putrid The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 113 و Defcript.] T putrid Sores: It alſo cleanſeth the Skin Ringworms, Sciatico, of all Leprofies, Morphews, Ring- Thorns, Splinters,bro- worms, and the like, if it be uſed with ken Bones, Diabetes. Salt and Raddiſh Roots. And being uſed with quick Brimſtone and Vinegar, it diffolveth Knots and Kernels, and breaketh thoſe that are hard to be diffolved, being boiled in Wine with Pigeons-dung and Linſeed: A Decoction thereof made with Water and Honey, and the Places bathed therewith, is profitable for the Sciatica. Darnel Meal applied in a Poultice draweth forth Splinters and bro- ken Bones in the Fleſh: The red Darnel, boiled in Red Wine and taken, ſtayeth the Laſk and all other Fluxes, and Women's Bloody Iſſues; and reſtraineth Urine that paſſeth away too ſuddenly, Dill. HE common Dill groweth up with ſeldom more than one Stalk, neither fo high, nor lo great uſually as Fennel, being round and fewer Joints there- on, whoſe Leaves are fadder, and fomewhat long, and ſo like Fennel that it deceiveth many, but harder in handling, and ſomewhat thicker, and of a ſtronger unpleaſant Scent: TheTops of the Stalks have four Branches, and ſmaller Um- bels of yellow Flowers, which turn into ſmall Seed,ſomewhat flatter and thinner than Fennel-feed. The Root is fomewhat ſmall and woody, periſheth every Year after it hath borne Seed; and is alſo unprofitable, being never put to any Uſe. Place.] It is moſt uſually ſown in Gardens and Grounds for the Purpoſe, and is alſo found wild in many places. Government and Virtues.] Mercury hath the Dominion of this Plant, and therefore to be ſure it ſtrengthens the Brain. TheDillbeingboiledand drank,isgotd to eaſeSwellingsand Pains; it alſo ſtay- Swellings, Pain, eth theBelly and Stomach from caſting. Looſeneſs, Vomiting, TheDecoction thereof helpeth Women Mother, Hiccough that are troubled with the Pains and raw Hnmours. Windineſs of the Mother, if they fit therein. It ſtayeth the Hiccough, being boiled in Wine, and but ſmelled unto, being tied in a Cloth. The Seed is of more Uſe than the Leaves, and more effectual to digeſt raw and viſcous Humours, and is uſed in Medicines that ferve F 3 I14 The Engliſh Phyſician Englarged. Deſcript.] T Wind, Impofthumes, ferves to expel Wind and the Painspro- Ulcers, Terms pro- ceeding therefrom. The Seed, being vokes. roaſted or fried, and uſedin Oils or Plail- ters, diffolve the Impofthumes in the Fundament; and drieth upall moiſt Ulcers, eſpecially in the Fundament; an Oilmade of Dill is effectual to warm, or dif- folve Humours and Impoſthumes, to eaſe Pains,and to pro- cure Reit. The Decoction of Dill, be it Herb or Seed (only if you boil the Seed you muſt bruiſe it) in White wine, being drank, it is a gallant Expeller of Wind, and Provoker of the Terms. Devil's-Bit. HIS riſes up with a round green ſmooth Stalk, about two feet high, ſet with divers long and ſomewhat narrow,ſmooth, dark green Leaves, fome- what fnip'd about the Edges, for the moſt part, being elſe all whole, and not divided at all, or but very feldom, even to the Tops of the Branches, which yet are ſmaller than thoſe below, with one Rib only in the Middle. At the End of each Branch ftandeth a round Head of many Flowers fet together in the ſame Manner, or more neatly than Scabious, and of a more blueiſh purple Colour, which being paſt, there followeth Sced that falleth away. The Rootis ſomewhat thick, but ſhort and blackiſh, with many Strings, a- A Learned Tale cofta biding after Seed-Time many Years dull Friar ſeven years This Root was longer, until the De- Study. vil (as the Friars ſay) bit away the reſt of it for Spight, envying its Uſe- fulneſs to Mankind; for ſure he was not troubled with any iſeaſe for which it is proper. There are two other Sorts hereof, in nothing unlike the former, fave that the one beareth white, and the other bluſh- coloured Flowers. Place.] The firſt groweth as well in dry Meadows and Fields as mcift, in many places of this Land: But the other two are more rare, and hard to be met with, yet they are both found growing wild about Appledore, near Rze in Kent. Time.] They flower not uſually until Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The Plant is Venereal, pleaſing and harmleſs. The Herb or the Root (all that the Devil hath left of it) being boiled in Wine, and drank, is very power- ful The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. I15 ful againſt the Plague, and all Peſti- Peſtilence, Fevers, lential Diſeaſes or Fevers, Poiſons Poiſons, Venomous alſo, and the Bitings of Venomous Beaſts,Bruiſes,Falls, Beaſts: It helpeth alſo thoſe that are Clotted Blood, Swel- inwardly bruiſed by any Caſualty, or lings of the Throat, outwardly by Falls or Blows, difol- Mother,Wind, Scurf, ving the clotted Blood; and the Herb Worms Wounds,Itch. or Root beaten and outwardly applied, taketh away the black and blue Marks that remain in the Skin. The Decoction of the Herb, with Honey of Rofes put therein, is very effectual to help the inveterate Tumours and Swellings of the Almonds and Throat, by often gargling the Mouth therewith. It helpeth alſo to procure Womens Courſes, and eaſeth all Pains of the Mother, and to break and diſcuſs Wind therein, and in the Bowels. The Powder of the Root taken in Drink, driveth forth the Worms in the body. The Juice, or diſtilled Water of the Herb, is effectual for green Wounds, or old Sores, and cleanſeth the Body inwardly, and the Seed outwardly from Sores, Surf, Itch, Pimples, Freckles, Morphew, or Dandruf, Pimples, other Deformities thereof, eſpecially if Freckles. a little Vitriol be diffolved therein. Dock, Any kinds of theſe are ſo well known, that I will not trouble you with a Deſcription of them: M: Winck grows big too falt. Government and Virtues.] All Docks are under Jupiter, of which the Red Dock, which is commonly called Blood-zwort, cleanſeth the Blood, and ſtrengthens the Liver; but the yel- low Dock-Root is beſt to be taken when either the Blood or Liver is af Cleanſing the Blood, fected by Choler. All of them have a ſtrengthens the Liver. kind of cooling (but not all alike) drying Quality, the Sor- rel being moſt cold, and the Blood-wórts moſt drying. Of the Burdock I have ſpoken already by himſelf. The Seed of moſt of the other Kinds, whether the Garden or Fields, do ſtay Lalks and Flux, loathing of Fluxes of all sorts, the Loathing of Meat, Spitting Blood, the Stomach through Choler, and is Scabs, Itch, Freckles, helpful for thoſe that ſpit Blood. Morphew. The Roots boiled in Vinegar helpeth the Itch, Scabs, and F 4 breaking M 116 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Deſcript.] T Ground, which ſhooteth forth Threads or breaking out of the Skin, if it be bathed therewith. The diftilled Water of the Herb and Roots have the ſame Vir- tue, and cleanſeth the Skin from Freckles, Morphew, and all other Spots, and Diſcolourings therein. All Docks being boiled with Meat, make it boil the ſooner: Befides, Blood-wort is exceeding ſtrengthening to the liver, and procures good Blood, being as wholeſome à Pot-herb as any grows in a Garden; yetſuch is the Nicety of our Times (forſooth) that Women will not put it into a Pot, becauſe it makes the Pottage black; Pride and Ignorance (a couple of Monſters in the Creation) preſerving Nicety before Health. Dodder of Thyme, Epithymum, and other Dodders. HIS firſt Seed giveth the Strings, groſier or finer, as the Property of the Plant wherein it groweth, and the Climate doth ſuffer, creeping and ſpread- ing on that Plant whereon it faſtneth, be it high or low. The Strings have no Leaves at all upon them, but wind and in- terlace themſelves, ſo thick upon a ſmall Plant, that it tak- eth away all Comfort of the Sun from it; and is ready to choak or ſtrangle it. After theſe trings are riſen up to that Height, that they may draw Nouriſhment from the Plant, they ſeem to be broken off from the Ground, either by the Strength of their riſing, or withered by the Heat of the Sun. Upon theſe ſtrings are found Cluſters of ſmall Heads or Huſks, out of which foot forth whitiſh Flowers, which af- terwards give ſmall pale-coloured Seed, ſomewhat flat, and twice as big as Poppy-feed. It generally participates of the Nature of the Plant which it climbeth upon; but the Dodder of Thymeisaccounted thebeft,and is the onlytrueEpithymum. Government and Virtues.] All Dodders are under Saturn. Tell not me of Phyſicians crying up Epithymum, or that Dodder which grows upon Thyme,(moſt of which comes from Hemeiius in Greece, or Hybla in Sicily, becauſe thoſe Moun- tains abound with Thyme) he is a Phyſician indeed, that hath Wit enough to chuſe his Dodder, according to the Nature of the Diſeaſe and Humour peccant. We confeſs, Thyme is the hotteſt Herb it uſually grows upon; and therefore that which grows upon Thyme, is hotter than that which grows The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 117 grows upon colder Herbs; for it draws Nouriſhment from what it grows upon, as well from the Earth where its Root is, and thus you ſee old Saturn is wiſe enough to have two ſtrings to his Bow. Melancholy, aduſt This is accounted the moſt effectualfor Choler, Trembling, Melancholy Diſeaſes, and to purge Fainting, Swooning, black or burnt Chuler, which is the Spleen, Hypochondria, Cauſe of many Diſeaſes of the Head Obſtructions of the and Brain, as alfo for the Trembling Gall, Jaundice, Li- of the Heart, Faintings, and Sw-on- ver, Dyſury'. ings. It is helpful in all Diſeaſes and Griefs of the Spleen, and the Melanchloy that ariſes from the Windineſs of the Hypochondria. It purgeth alſo the Reins or Kidneys by Urine; it openeth Obſtructions of the Gall, whereby it profiteth them that have the Jaundice; as alſo the Leaves the Spleen : Purging the Veins of the Cholerick and Phlegmatick Humours, and helpeth Children in Agues, a little Worm-Seed being put thereto. The other Dodders do (as I ſaid before) participate of the Nature of thoſe Plants whereon they grow: As that which hath been found growing upon Netties in the Weſt-Country, hath by Experience been found very effectual to procure Plenty of Urine, where it hath been ſtopped or hindered. And fo of the reſt, Sympathy and Antipathy are two Hinges upon which the whole Model of Phyſick turns; and that Phyſician which minds them not, is like a Door off from the Hooks, more like to do a Man Miſchief, than to ſecure him. Then all the Diſeaſes Saturn cauſeth, this helps by Sympathy, and ſtrengthens all the Parts of the Body he rules ; fuch as be cauſed by Sol, it helps by Antipathy. What thoſe Diſeaſes are, ſee my Judgment of Diſeaſes by Aſtrology; and if you be pleaſed to look the Herb Wornwood, you ſhall find a rational Way for it. Dogs-Grafs, Quich Graſs, or Couch-Grafs. Deſcript.] 1 Tis well known, that the Graſs creepeth far a- LboutunderGround with long whitejointed Roots, and ſmall Fibres almost at every Joint, very Sweet in Tafte, as thereſt of the Herbis,and interlacing one another,fromwhence fhoot forth many fair graſfy Leaves, ſmall at the Ends, and cutting or ſharp on the Edges. The Stalks are jointed like Corng F 5 118 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. a . Corn, with the like Leaves on them, and a large ſpiked Head with a long Huſk in them, and hard rough Seed in them. If you know it not by this Deſcription, watch the Dog's when they are fick, and they will quickly lead you to it. Place.] It groweth commonly through this Land, in divers ploughed Grounds, to the no ſmall Trouble of the Huſband- men, as alſo of the Gardeners,in Gardens, to weed it oát, if . they can; for it is a conſtani Cuſtomer to the Place it gets Footing in. Government and Virtues.] 'Tis a gentle Remedy under the Dominion of Jupiter. This is moit medicinable of all the Quick-graſſes. Being boiled and drank, it openeth Obſtruc- tions of the Liver and Gall, and the Liver, Goll, Dyfury, ſtopping of Urine, and eaſeth the Griping, Infivimma- griping Pains of the Belly, and Inflam- tions, Ulcers in the roations; wafteth the Matter of the Bladder, Wounds, Stone in the Bladder, and the Ulcers Vomitings, Worms, thereof alſo. The Roots bruiſed and Stoppings. applied do conſolidate Wounds. The Seed doth more powerfully expel Urine, and fayeth the Laſk and Vomiting. The diſtilled Warer alone, or with a little Wormſeed, killeth the Worms in Children. The Way of Uſe is to bruiſe the Roots, and having well boiled 'em in White-wine, drink the Decoétion: 'Tis open- ing, but not purging, very ſafe : 'Tis a Remedy againſt all Dilcafes coming of fopping, and ſuch are half thoſe that are incident to the Body of Man; and altho'a Gardener be, of another Opinion, yet a Phyfician holds half an Acre of them to be worth five Acres of Carrots twice told over. Doves-foot, or Cranes-Bill. HIS , , , Mallows, ftanding upon long, reddiſh, hairy Stalks, lying in a round Compaſs upon the Ground; among which riſe up two, or three, or more reddiſh jointed, ſlender, weak, hairy Stalks, with ſuch like Leaves thereon, but ſmaller, and more cut in up to the Tops, where grow many very ſmall bright red Flowers of five Leaves a piece; after which follow finall Heads, with ſmall ſhort Beaks pointed forth, as allo- ther Sorts of thoſe Herbs do. Place. ] a Defcript.] T Leaves, cut in about the Edges, much like The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 119 Place.] It groweth in Paſture Grounds, and by the Path fides in many places, and will alſo be in Gardens. Time.] It flowerethin June, July, and Auguft, fome earlier and ſome later; and the Seed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] It is a very gentle, though Mar- tial Plant. It is found by Experience to be fingular good for the Wind-Cholick,and Pains thereof; Chelick, Blood, Gra- as alſo to expel the Stone and Gravel in the Kidneys. TheDecoction there- vel, Wounds. of in Wine, is an excellent good Cure for thoſe chat have Inward Wounds, Hurts, or Bruiſes, both to ſtay the Bleeding, to diffolve Congealed Bload, Sores, Ulcers, Fiſtica and expel the congealed Blood, and to heal the Parts, as alſo to cleanſe ld's, Gout, Sinews, and heal outward Sores, Ulcers, and Ruprures. Fiſtula's; and for green Wounds, many do but bruiſe the Herb, and applying it to the Place, and it healeth them quickly. The ſame Decoction in Wine fomented to any Place pained with the Gout, or to Joint-aches, or Pain of the Si- news, giveth much Eaſe. The Powder or Decoction of the Herb taken for ſome Time together, is found by Experience to be fingular good for Ruptures and Burſtings in People ei- ther Ducks meat. HIS is ſo well known to ſwim on the Top of ſtanding Waters; as Ponds, Po' and Ditches, that it is need- leſs further to deſcribe it. Government and Virtues.] Cancer claims the Herb, and the Moon will be Lady of it; a Word is enough to a wiſe Man. It is effectual Inflammations, St. , to help Inflammations, andSt. Anthony's Anthony's Fire, Pea , Fire, as alſo the Gout, either applied filence, Eyes , Swel- ", by itſelf,or in a Poultice with Barley- lings of the Cods, Head-ach. Meal: The diſtilled Water by fome is highly efteemed againſt all inward Inflammations, and Peſti- lent Fevers; as alſo to help the Redneſs of the Eyes, and Swellings of the Cods, and of the Breaſts before they be grown too much. The freſh Herb applied to the Forehead, aſeth the Pains of the Head-ach coming of Heat. young or old. T Down, 120 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Down, or Cotton-Thiſtle. Deſcript.] Th HIS hath largeLeaves lying on the Ground, ſomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper Side, but covered with long hairy Wool, or Cotton Down, ſet with moſt ſharp and cruel Pricks, from the Middle of whoſe Heads of Flow- ers, thruſt forth many purpliſh crimſon Threads, and ſome- times (although very ſeldom) white ones. The Seed that 'followeth in the Heads, lying in a great deal of white Down, is ſomewhat large, long, and round, like the Seed of Ladies Thiſtle, but ſomewhat paler. The Root is great and thick, {preading much, yet it uſually dieth after Seed-time. Place.] It groweth in divers Ditches, Banks, and in Corn- Fields, and High-ways, generally every where throughout the Land, Time.] It flowereth and beareth Seed about the End of Summer, when other Thiſtles do flower and feed. Government and Virtues.] Mars owns the Plant, and mani- feſts to the World, that though it may hurt your finger, it will help your Body; for I fancy it much for the enſuing Vir- tues. Pliny and Diofcorides write, 1 hat the Leaves and Roots thereof taken in Drink, help thoſe Wry Neck. that have aCrick in their Neck; where- by they cannot turn their Neck, but their whole Body muſt turn alfo (fure they do not mean thoſe that have got a Crick in the Neck by being under the Hangman's Hand.) Galen faith, that the Root and Leaves hereof, are of a heating Qua- lity, and good for ſuch Perſons as have their Bodies drawn Spaſms, Convulſions, together by ſomeSpaſmorConvulfions, as it is with Children that have the Rickets, Rickets, or rather (as the College of Phyſicians will have it) the Rachites, for which Name of the Difeaſe they have (in a particular Treatiſe lately ſet forth by them) learnedly diſputed and put forth to publick View, that the World may fee, they have took much Pains to lit- tle Purpoſe. Dragons. HEY are ſo well known to every one that plants them in their Gardens, they need no Deſcription; if not, let them look down to the lower End of the Stalks; and ſee how like a Snake they look. Government T , The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. I 21 Government and Virtues.] The Plant is under the Dominion of Mars, and therefore it would be a Wonder if it ſhould want fome obnoxious Quality or other ; in all Herbs of that Qua- lity, the ſafeſt Way is either to diftil the Herb in an Alem- bick, in what Vehicle you pleaſe, or elſe to preſs out the Juice, and diſtil that in a Glaſs Still in Sand. It ſcoureth and cleanſeth the internal Parts of the Bo- Scoureth, Cleanſeth, dy mightily, and it cleareth the exter- nal Parts alſo, being externally appli- Sun burnings, Ulcers, . Freckles, Morphew, ed, from Freckles, Morphew, and Sun- Wounds, Cankers, burning : Your beſt Way to uſe it ex- ternally, is to mix it with Vinegar ; Polypus, Spots in the an Ointment of it is held to be good Eyes, Pin and Web, in Wounds and Ulcers; it confumes Sight helpeth, Peftz- Cankers, and that Fleſh growing in lence, Poiſon, Veno- the Noftrils, which they call Polypus. mous Beaſts. Alſo the diſtilled Water being dropped into the Eyes, taketh away Spots there, as alfo Pin and Web, and mends the Dim- neſs of Sight; it is excellent good againſt the Peſtilence and Poiſon. Pliny and Diofcorides affirm, that no Serpent will meddle with him that carries this Herb about him. The Elder-Tree. I Hold it needleſs to write any Deſcription of this, fith every Boy that plays with a Pot-gun will not miſtake a. Mother I'ree inſtead of Elder. I ſhall therefore in this Place only deſcribe the Dwarf-Elder, called alſo Dead wort, and Wall-wort. The Dwarf-Elder. His is but an Herb every Year, dying with his Stalks to the Ground, and riſing freſh every Spring, and is like unto the Elder, both in Form and Quality riſing up with a ſquare rough hairy Stalk, four Feet high, or more ſometimes. The winged Leaves are ſomewhat narrower than the Elder, but elſe like them. The Flowers are white with a daſh of Purple, ſtanding in Umbels, very like the Elder alſo, but more ſweet in Scent; after which come ſmall blackith Berries, full of Juice, while they are freſh, wherein is ſmall hard Kernels, or Seed. The Root doth creep under the upper Cruit of the Ground, ſpringing in divers Places, being of the Bigneſs of one's Finger, or Thumb, ſometimes. Place.] Defeript.] T I 22 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarge Place.] The Elder Tree groweth in Hedges, being planted there to itrengthen the Fences, and Partitions of Ground, and to hold the Banks by Ditches and Water-courſes. The Dwarf Elder growing wild in many places of England, where being once gotten into a Ground, it is not eaſily got- ten forth again. Time.] Moſt of the Elder Trees flower in June, and their Fruit is ripe for the moſt part in Auguft. But the Dwarf Elder, or Wallwort, flowereth ſomewhat later, and his fruit is not ripe until September. Government and Virtues ] Both Elder and Dwarf Tree are under the Dominion of Venus. The firſt Shoots of the common Elder boiled like Aſparagus, and the young Leaves and Stalks boiled in fat Broth, do mightily carry Phlegm, Choler, Drop- forth Phlegm and Choler. The mid- ly, venomous Beaſis, dle or inward Bark boiled in Water, mad Dogs, Terms and given in Drink, worketh much provokes, Inflamma- tions, Brains, Ears, more violently; and the Berries, either Urine provokes , Sun- green or dry, expel the ſame Humouri, burning, Head-ach, and are often given with good Suc- Freckles, Morphew, ceſs to help the Dropſy; the Bark of the Root boiled in Wine, or the Ulcers, Palfy. Juice thereof drank, worketh the ſame Effects, but more powerfully than either the Leaves or Fruir. The Juice of the Root taken, doth mightily provoke Vomit- ings, and purgeth the watery Humours of the Dropfy. The Decoction of the Root taken, cureth the Biting of an Adder, and Biting of mad Dogs. It mollifieth the Hardneſs of the Mother, if Women fit thereon, and openeth their Veins, and bringeth down their Courſes: The Berries boiled in Wine, performeth the fame Effect; and the Hair of the Head waſh- ed therewith, is made black. The Juice of the green Leaves applied to the hot Inflammations of the Eyes, affwageth them. The Juice of the Leaves ſnuffed up into the Noftrils, purgeth the Tunicles of the Brain. The Juice of the Berries boiled with Honey, and dropped into the Ears, helpeth the Pains of them. The Decoction of the Berries in Wine being-drank provoketh Urine; the diſtilled Water of the Flowers, is of much Uſe to clean the Skin from Sun-burning, Freckles, Morphew, or the like; and taketh away the Head-ach, com- ing of a coid Caufe, the Head being bathed therewith. The Leaves or Flowers diſtilled in the Month of May, and the The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 123 the Legs often waſhed with the ſaid diſtilled Water, it taketh away the Ulcers and Sores of them. The Eyes waſhed therewith, it taketh away the Redneſs and Blood-ſhot. And the Hands waſhed Morning and Even- ing therewith, helpeth the Palſy, and ſhaking of them. The Dwarf Elder is more powerful than the common El- der in opening and purging Choler, Phlegm, and Water, in helping the Gout, Piles, and Womens Difeafes, colourèth the Hair black, Gout, Inflammations, helpeth the Inflammations of the Eyes, Burning, Scalding, and Pains in the Ears, the Biting of Cholic, Stone, Dyſury, Serpents, or mad Doys, Burnings and Scaldings, the Wind Cholick, Cholick and Stone, the Diff- culty of Urine, the Cure of old Sores, and fiſtulous Ulcers. Either Leaves or Bark of Elder ſtripped upwards as you gather it, cauſeth Vomiting; but foripped downwards, it purgeth downwards. Alſo Dr. Butler in a Manuſcript of his commends Dwarf Elder to the Sky for Dropfies, viz. to drink, it being boiled in White Wine; to drink the Decoc- tion I mean, not the Elder. The Elm Tree. TH a HIS Tree is ſo well known, growing generally in all Counties of this Land, that it is needleſs to deſcribe it. Government and Virtues.] It is a cold and Saturnine Plant. The Leaves thereof bruiſed and applied heal green Wounds, being bound thereon with its own Bark. The Leaves, or the Bark uſed with Vinegar, cureth Scurf and Leproſy, very effe&tually: The Wounds, Scurf, Le- Decoction of the Leaves, Bark, or proly, Beauty, Rup- Root, being bathed, heals broken tures, Baldneſs, Gout, Bones. The Water that is found in Swellings, Burnings, the Bladders on the Leaves, while it is freſh, is very cffectual to cleanſe the Skin, and make it fair; and if Cloths be often wet therein, and applied to the Ruptures of Children, it healeth them, if they be after well bound up with a Trufs. The faid Water put into a Glafs, and ſet into the Ground, or elſe in in Dung for twenty-five Days, the Mouth thereof being cloſe ſtopped, and the Bottom ſet upon a Lay of ordi- nary 124 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. nary Salt, that the Fæces may ſettle and Water become clear, is a fingular and ſovereign Balm for green Wounds, being uſed with ſoft Tents : The Decoction of the Bark of the Root fomented, mollifieth hard Tumours, and the ſhrinking of the Sinews. The Roots of the Elm boiled for a long time in Water, and the Fat ariſing on the Top thereof, being clean cummed off, and the Place anointed therewith that is grown bald, and the Hairs fallen away, will quickly reſtore them again. The faid Bark ground with Brine and Pickle, until it come to the Form of a Poultice, and laid on the Place pained with the Gout, giveth great Eaſe. The Decoction of the Bark in Water, is excellent to bathe ſuch Places as have been burnt with Fire. Endive. Defcript. larger Leaf than Succory, and abideth but one Ommon Garden Endive beareth a longer and Year, quickly running up to Stalk and Seed, and then perith- eth; it hath blue Flowers, and the Seed of the ordinary Endive is ſo like Succory Seed, that it is hard to diſtinguiſh them. Government and Virtues.] It is a fine cooling, cleanſing, jovial Plant. The Decoction of the Leaves, or the Juice, or the diſtilled Water of Endive, ſerveth well to cool the ex- ceflive Heat of the Liver, and the Sto- Liver, Stomach, A- gues, Sharpneſs of U- mach, and in the hot Fits of Agues, and all other Inflammations in any Tine, and Excoriation thereby, Paſions of the Part of the Body; it cooleth the Heat Heart, Ulcers, Swel- and Sharpneſs of the Urine, and Exco- lings, Eyes, Gout. riations in the Urinary Parts. The Seeds are of the fame Property, or ra- ther more powerful, and beſides are available for fainting, Swoonings, and Paffions of the Heart. Outwardly applied, they ſerve to temper the ſharp Humours of fretting Ulcers, hot Tumours and Swellings, and Peſtilential Sores; and won- derfully help not only the Redneſs and Inflammations of the Eyes, but the Dimneſs of the Sight alſo; they are alſo ufed to allay the Pains of the Gout. You cannot uſe it amiſs; a Syrup of it is a fine cooling Medicine for Fevers. See the End of this Book, and the Engliſh Diſpenſaiory, Elicampane, 9 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged, 125 Elicampane. Deſcript.] T T ſhooteth forth many large Leaves, long and broad, lying near the Ground, ſmall at both Ends, ſomewhat ſoft in Handling, of a whitiſh green on the up- per Side, and grey underneath, each ſet upon a ſhort Foot- italk; from among which riſe up divers great and ftrong hairy Stalks, three or four Feet high, with ſome Leaves thereupon compaffing them about at the lower End, and are branched towards the Tops; bearing divers great and large Flowers, like thoſe of the Corn Marigold, both the Border of Leaves, and the middle Thrum being yellow, which turn into Down, with long, ſmall, browniſh Seed anong it, and is carried away with the Wind. The Root is great and thick, branched forth divers Ways, blackiſh on the outſide, and whitiſh with- in of a very bitter Taſte,and-ſtrong, but good Scent, eſpecially a when they are dried, no Parc elſe of the Plant having any Smell. Place.] It groweth in moiſt Grounds and ſhadowy Places, oftener than in the dry and open Borders of Fields and Lanes, and in other waſte Places, almoſt in every County of this Land. Time.] It flowereth in the End of June and July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguſt. The Roots are gathered for Uſe, as well in the Spring before the Leaves come forth, as in Au- tumn or Winter. Government and Virtues.] It is a Plant under the Dominion of Mercury. The freſh Roo's of Elicampane preſerved with Sugar, or made into a Syrup or Conſerve, are very effectual to a cold windy Stomach, or the pricking therein,and Stitches in the Cold Stomach, Wind, Sides cauſed by the Spleen ; and to help Stitch, Spleen, Cough, the Cough, Shortneſs of Breath, and Shortneſs of Breath, wheezing in the Lungs. The dried Root Wheezing, Terms made into Powder, and mixed with provokes. Sugar and taken, ferveth to the ſame Purpoſe, and is alſo profitable for thoſe who have their Urine ſtopped, or the ſtopping of Womens Courſes, the Pains of the Mother and of the Stone in the Reins, Kidneys, or Bladder : It refifteth Poiſon, and ſtayeth the ſpreading of the Venom of Serpents, as alſo putrid and peſtilential Fevers, and the Plague itſelf. The Roots and Herbs beaten and warm 126 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Morher, Stone, Poiſon, and put into new Ale or Beer, and venomous Beaſts, Pef- daily drank, cleareth, ſtrengtheneth, tilence, Eves, Worms, and quickeneth the Sight of the Eyes 100%e Teeth, Spitting wonderfully. The Decoction of the Blood, Cramps, Con- Roots in Wine, or the Juice taken vulſions, Gout, Joints, therein, killeth and divideth forth all Itch, Cankers, Spots, manner of Worms in the Belly, Sto- Freckles, Morphew. mach, and Maw; and gargled in the Mouth, or the Root chewed, fafteneth looſe Teeth, and helps to keep them from Putrefaction; and being drank is good for thoſe that fpit Blood, helpeth to re- move Cramps or Convulſions, and the Pains of the Gout, the Sciatica, the Looſeneſs and Pains in the Joints or thoſe Mem- bers that are out of Joint by Cold or Moiſture happening to them, applied outwardly as well as inwardly, and is good for thoſe that are burſten, or have any inward Bruiſe. The Root boiled well in Vinegar, beaten afterwards, and made into an Ointment with Hogs Suet, or Oil of Trotters, is an excellent Remedy for Scabs or Itch in young or old: The Places alſo bached or waſhed with the Decoction, doth the ſame; it alſo helpeth all ſorts of filthy old putrid Sores or Cankers what- foever. In the Roots of this Herb lyeth the chief Effect for the Remedies aforeſaid. The diſtilled Water of the Leaves and Roots together, is very profitable to cleanſe the Skin of the Face, or other Parts, from any Morphew, Spots or Ble- miſhes therein, and make it clear. Deſcript.) T nothing 'T a Eringo, or Sea Holly. HE firſt Leaves of our ordinary Sea Holly are ſo hard and prickly as w when they grow old, being almoſt round, and deeply dented about the Edges, hard and ſharp-pointed, and a little crumpled, of a blueith green Colour, every one upon a long Foot-ftalk; but thoſe that grow up higher with the Stalk, do as it were compaſs it about. The Stalk itſelf is round and ſtrong, yet ſomewhat crefled with Joints, and Leaves ſet thereat, but more divided, ſharp and prickly; and Branches riſing from thence, which have likewiſe pther ſmall Branches, each of them having ſeveral blueilh round prickly Heads, with many ſmall, jag- ged, prickly Leaves under them, flanding like a Star, and fometimes found greeniſh or whitiſh: The Root groweth WON- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 127 a wonderful long, even to eight or ten Foot in length, fet with Rings and Circles toward the upper Part, but ſmooth and without Joints down lower, browniſh on the outſide, and very white within, with a Pith in the Middle of a pleaſant Taite, but much more, being artificially preſerved, and can- died with Sugar. Place.] It is found about the Sea Coaſt in almoſt every County of this Land which bordereth upon the Sea. Time.] It flowereth in the End of Summer, and giveth ripe Seed within a Month after. Government and Virtues.] The Plant is venereal, and breed- eth Seed exceedingly, and ſtrengthens the Spirit procreative; it is hot and moiſt, and under the ce- leftial Balance. The Decoction of the Seed breedeth, Ob- Root hereof in Wine, is very effectual fiructions, Spleen, Li- to open Obſtructions of the Spleen and ver, Yellow Jaundice, Liver, and helpeth Yellow Jaundice, Drophy, Cholick, Dy- the Dropſy, the Pains of the Loins, ſury, Strangury, Ve- and Wind Cholick, provoketh Urine, nomous Beaſts, Reins, and expelleth the Stone, procureth French Pox, King's Womens Courſes. The continued Uſe Evil, Thorns, broken of the Decoction for fifteen Days, taken Bones, Splinters, fafting, and next to bedward, doth Apofthumes, Melan- help the Strangury, the Piffing by choly, Quartan and Drops, the Stopping of Urine, and Quotidian Agues, Stone, and all Defects of the Reins and Wry Neck. Kidneys; and if the ſaid Drink be con- tinued longer, is ſaid that it perfectly cureth the Stone, and that Experience hath found it fo. It is found good againſt the French Pox. The Roots bruiſed and applied outwardly, helpeth the Kernels of the Throat, commonly called the King's Evil; or taken inwardly, and applied to the Place ſtung or bitten by any Serpent, healeth it ſpeedily. If the Roots be bruiſed, and boiled in old Hogs Greaſe, or falted Lard, and applied to broken Bones, Thorns, &c. remaining in the Fleſh, they do not only draw them forth, but heal up the Place again, gathering new Fleſh where it was conſumed. The Juice of the Leaves dropped into the Ear, helpeth Im- pofthumes therein. The diſtilled Water of the whole Herb, when the Leaves and Stalks are young, is profitably drank for all the Purpoſes aforeſaid; and helpeth the Melancholy of the Heart, and is available in Quartan and Quotidian Agues; as alſo 3 128 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Deſcripto) Copurually but with one blackiſh alſo for them that have their Necks drawn away, and cannot turn them without turning their whole Body. Eyebright. ] Ommon Eyebright is a ſmall low Herb, riſing green Stalk a Span high, or not much more, ſpread from the Bottom into ſundry Branches, whereon are ſet ſmall and almoſt round, yet pointed, dark green Leaves, finely ſnipped about the Edges, two always ſet together, and very thick : At the Joints with the Leaves, from the Middle upward, come forth imall white Flowers, ſteeped with purple and yellow Spots, or Stripes ; after which follow ſmall round Heads, with very ſmall Seed therein. The Root is long, ſmall, and thready at the End. Place.] It groweth in Meadows, and graffy Places in this Land. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Sign of the Lion, and Sol claims Dominion over it. If this Herb were but as much uſed as it is neglected, it would half ſpoil the Spectacle- makers Trade; and a Man would think, that Reaſon ſhould teach People to prefer the Preſervation of their natural before artificial Spectacles; which that they may be inſtructed how to do, take the Virtues of Eyebright as followeth: The Juice, or diſtilled Water of Eyebright, taken inwardly in White Wine or Broth, or dropped into the Eyes, for divers Days together, helpeth all Infirmities of the Eyes that cauſe Dimneſs of Sight. Some make Conſerve of Eyes, Dimneſs, the Flowers to the fame Effee. Being uſed Memory, Brair. any of the Ways, it alſo helpeth a weak Brain, or Memory. This tunned up with ſtrong Beer that it may work together, and drank; or the Powder of the dried Herb mixed with Sugar, a little Mace, and Fennel Seed, and drank, or eaten in Broth; or the ſaid Puwder made into an Electuary with Sugar, and taken, hath the fame powerful Effect to help and reſtore the Sight decayed through Age; and Arnoldus de Villa Nova faith, it hath re- lored light to them that have been blind a long time before. Fern, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 129 Fern. O O Deſcript.] F this there are two kinds principally to be treated of, viz. the Male and Female. The Female groweth higher than the Male, but the Leaves there- of are leiſer, and more divided or dented, and of as ſtrong a Smell as the Male; the Virtues of them are both alike, and therefore I ſhall not trouble you with any Deſcription or Diſtinction of them. Place.) They grow both in Heaths and in ſhady Places near the Hedge-fides in all Counties of this Land. Time.] They flower and give their Seed at Midſummer. The Female Fern is that Plant which is in Suſex called Brakes, the Seed of which ſome Authors hold to be ſo rare : Such a Thing there is I know, and may be eaſily had upon Midſummer Eve, and for ought I know, two or three Days after it, if not more. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Mer- cury, both Male and Female. The Roots of both thoſe Sorts of Fern being bruiſed and boiled in Mead, or honeyed Water, and drank, kilieth both the broad and long Worms in the Body, and abateth the Worms, Spleen, Swelling and Hardneſs of the Spleen. Choler, Phlegm, The green Leaves eaten, purge the Belly Stomach, Wounds, , and cholerick and wateriſh Humours that Ulcers, Serpents, trouble the Stomach. They are dange- Gnats, , Venomous rous for Women with Child to meddle Beaſts. ' with, by reaſon they cauſe Abortions. The Roots bruiſed and boiled in Oil, or Hogs Greaſe, make a very profitable Ointment to heal Wounds, or Pricks gotten in the Fleſh. The Powder of them uſed in foul Ulcers, drieth up their malignant Moiſture, and cauſeth their ſpeedier healing. Fern being burned, the Smoak thereof driveth away Serpents, Gnats, and other noiſome Creatures, which in fenny Countries do, in the Night-time, trouble and moleft People lying in their Beds with their faces uncovered ; it cauſeth Barrennefs, Oſmond 130 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Oſmond Royal, or Water Fern. Deſcript.] 'T" HIS ſhooteth forth in Spring-time (for in the Winter the Leaves perifh) divers rough hard Stalks, half round, and yellowish, or flat on the other Side, two Feet high, having divers Branches of winged yellowiſh green Leaves on all Sides, ſet one againſt another, longer, narrower, and not nicked on the Edges as the former. From the Top of ſome of theſe Stalks grow forth a longBuíh of ſmall, and more yellowiſh, green, ſcaly Aglets, ſet in the ſame Manner on the Stalks as the Leaves are, which are accounted the Flowers and Seeds. The Root is rough, thick and ſcabby, with a white Pith in the Middle, which is called the Heart thereof. Place.] It groweth on Moors, Bogs, and watery Places, in many Parts of this Land. Time.] It is green all the Summer, and the Root only abideth in Winter. Government and Virtues.] Saturn owns the Plant. This hath all the Virtues mentioned in the former Ferns, and is much more effectual than they, both for inward and outward Griefs, and is accounted fingular good in Wounds, Bruiſes, bro- Wounds, Bruiſes, or the like. The ken Bones, Cholick, Decoction to be drank, or boiled into Spleen, Ruptures. an Ointment or Oil, as a Balſam or Balm, and ſo it is fingular good againſt Bruiſes, and Bones broken, or out of Joint, and giveth much Eaſe to the Cholick and ſplenetick Diſeaſes; as alſo for Rup- tures or Burſtings. The Decoction of the Root in White Wine, provokes Urine exceedingly, and cleanſeth the Bladder and Pallages of Urine. Feverfew, or Featherfew. C Deſcript.] YOmmon Featherfew hath large, freſh, green Leaves, much torn or cut on the Edges. The Stalks are hard and round, fet with many ſuch like Leaves, but ſmaller,and at the Tops ftand many ſingle Flowers, upon mall Foot-ſtalks, conſiſting of many ſmall white Leaves, ſtand- ng round about a yellow Thrum in the Middle. The Root is fome The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. IZI fomewhat hard and ſhort, with many ſtrong Fibres about it. The Scent of the whole Plant is very ſtrong and ſtuffing, and the Taite is very bitter. Place.] This grows wild in many Places of the Land, but is for the moſt Part nourished in Gardens. Time.] It flowereth in the Months of June and July. Government and Virtues.] Venus commands this Herb, and hath commended it to ſuccour her Siſters [Women), and to be a general Strengthener of their Wombs, and remedy ſuch Infirmities as a careleſs Midwife hath there cauſed; if they will but be pleaſed to make Uſe of her Herb boiled in White Wine, and drink the Decoction; it cleanſeth the Womb, expels the After-birth, and doth a Woman all the Good the can defire of an Herb. And if any grumble becauſe they cannot get the Herb in Winter, tell them, if they pleaſe, they may make a Syrup of it in Summer; it is chiefly uſed for the Diſeaſe of the Mother, whether it be the Strangling or Riſing of the Mother, Mother, Womb, Blad- or Hardneſs, or Inflammations of the der, Terms provokes, fame, applied outwardly thereunto. Dead-birth, After- Or a Decoction of the Flowers in birth, Cough, Reins, Wine, with a little Nutmeg or Mace Choler, Phlegm, Ague, put therein, and drank often in a Day, Melancholy, Sadneſs, is an approved Remedy to bring down Head-ach, Deformity Womens Courſes ſpeedily, and helpeth of the Skin, Wind- to expel the Dead-birth and After- Cholick, Opium. birth. For a Woman to fit over the hot Fumes of the Decoction of the Herb made in Water or Wine, is effectual for the fame; and in ſome Caſes, to apply the boiled Herb warm to the Privy Parts. The Decoction thereof made with ſome Sugar or Honey put thereto,is uſed by many with good Succeſs to help the Cough and ſtuffing of the Chelt, by Colds, as alſo to cleanſe the Reins and Bladder, and helps to expel the Stone in them. The Powder of the Herb taken in Wine, with ſome Oxymel, purgeth both Cho- ler and Phlegin, and is available for thoſe that are ſhort winded, and are troubled with Melancholy and Heavineſs, or Sadneſs of Spirits. It is very effectual for all Pains in the Head coming of a cold Cauſe, the Herb being bruiſed and applied to the Crown of the Head : As alſo for the Vertigo, that is a Running or Swimming of the Head. The Decoc- tion thereof drank warm, and the Herb bruiſed with a few Corns a a 132 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Corns of Bay-falt, and applied to the Wriſts before the com. ing of the Ague Fits, doth take them away. The diſtilled Water taketh away Freckles, and other Spots and Deformi- ties in the Face. The Herb bruiſed and heated on a Tile, with ſome Wine to moiſten it, or fried with a little Wine and Oilin a Fryingpan,and applied warm outwardly to the Places, helpeth the Wind and Cholick in the lower Part of the Belly. It is an eſpecial Remedy againſt Opium taken too liberally. a Fennel. Evo Diarioni affordeth this ſo plentifully, that it neede no Deſcription Government and Virtues.] One good old Faſhion is not yet left off, viz. to boil Fennel with Fiſh; for it conſumes that phlegmatick Humour, which Fith moſt plentifully afford and annoy the Body by; therefore it is a moſt fit Herb for that Purpoſe, though few that uſe it know why or wherefore they do it; I ſuppoſe the Reaſon of its Benefit this Way is, becauſe it is an Herb of Mercury, and under Virgo, and therefore bears Antipathy to Piſces. Fennl is good to break Wind, to provoke Urine, and eaſe the Pains of the Stone, Wind, Dyfury, Stone, and help to break it. The Leaves or increaſeth Milk, Seed, boiled in Barley-water and drank amends Milk, are good for Nurſes, to increaſe their Hiccough, loathing Milk, and make it more wholſome for of Meat, Venomous the Child. The Leaves, or rather the Beaſts, Poiſon, Muſh- Seeds, boiled in Water,ſtayeth the Hic- rooms, Obſtructions cough, and taketh away the Loathings in the Liver, Spleen which oftentimes happen to the Sto- and Gall, Yellow machs of fick and feveriſh Perſons, and Jaundice, Cramp, allayeth the Heat thereof. The Seed Gout, Wheezing, boiled in Wine and drank, is good for Terms provokes, thoſe that are bitten with Serpents, or After Delivery, have eaten poiſonous Herbs, or Muſh- Cleanſe, Open, rooms. The Seed and the Roots much Fatneſs, Eyes. more help to open Obſtractions of the Liver, Spleen, and Gall, and thereby help the painful and windy Swellings of the Spleen, and the Yellow Jaundice; as alſo the Gout and Cramps. The Seed is of good Uſe in Medicines to help Shortneſs of Breath, The English Phyſician Enlarged. 133 Breath and Wheezing by ſtopping of the Lungs. It helpeth alſo to bring down the Courſes, and to cleanſe the Parts after Delivery. The Roots are of moſt uſe in Phyſick-drinks and Broths that are taken to cleanſe the Blood, to open Obſtruc- tions of the Liver, to provoke Urine, and amend the ill Co- lour in the Face after Sickneſs, and to cauſe a good Habit through the Body. Both Leaves, Seeds, and Roots thereof are much uſed in Drink or Broth, to inake People more ſpare and lean that are too fat. The diſtilled Water of the whole Herb, or the condenſate Juice diſolved, but eſpecially the natural Juice, that in ſome Counties iſſueth out hereof of its own accord, dropped into the Eyes, cleanſeth them from Miſts and Films that hinder the sight. The ſweet Fennel is much weaker in phyſical Uſes than the common Fennel. The wild Fennel is ſtronger and hotter than the tame, and therefore moſt powerful againſt the Stone, but not ſo effec- tual to in creaſe Milk, becauſe of its Dryneſs. B Sow-Fennel, or Hog's-Fennel. Efides the common Namein Engliſh, Hog's Fennel, and the Latin Name Peucidanum, it is called Hoar-ſtrange, and Hoar-ſtrong, Sulphur-wort, and Brimſtone-wort. Deſcript.] The common Sow Fournel hath divers branched Stalks of thick and ſomewhat long Leaves, three for the moſt Part jointed together at a Place, among which ariſeth a creſ- ted ſtraight Stalk,leſs than Fennel, with ſome Joints thereon, and Leaves growing thereat, and towards the Tops ſome Branches iſſuing from thence; likewiſe on the Tops of the Stalks and Branches ftand divers Turfs of yellow Flowers, whereafter grows ſomewhat flat, thin, and yellowiſh Seel, bigger than Fennel Seed. The Roots grow great and deep, with many other Parts and Fibres about them of a trong Scent like hot Brimfione, and yield forth a yellowiſh Bilk, or clammy Juice, almoſt like a Gum. Place.] It groweth plent fully ir. the falt low Marlhes near Fe verfram in Kent. Time.] It flowereth plentifully in July and Auguft. Government and Virtues.] This is alſo an Herb of Mercury. The Juice of Sow-Fennel (faith Diofcorides, and Galen) uſed with Vinegar and Roſe-water, or the Juice with a little Euphorbium put to the Noſe, helpech thoſe that are G treu- 134 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Lethargy, Frenzy, troubled with the Lethargy, the Fren- Vertigo, Falling-fick- zy, the Turning or Giddineſs of the ne/s,Head-ach,Palji, Head, the Falling-ſickneſs, long and Sciatica, Cramp, Si- inveterate Head-ach, the Palfy, Scia- news, Cough, Short-tica, and the Cramp, and generally neſs of Breath,Wind, all the Diſeaſes of the Sinews, uſed Spleen, Child-Birth, with Oil and Vinegar. The Juice Reins,Bladder, Ears, diffolved in Wine, or put into an Womb, hollow Teeth, Egg, is good for a Cough, or Short- Ulcers, broken Bonès, neſs of Breath, and for thoſe that are Thorns, Wounds. troubled with Wind in the Body. It purgeth the Belly gently, expel- leth the hardneſs of the Spleen, giveth Eaſe to Women that have fore Travel in Child-Birth, and eaſeth the Pains of the Reins and Bladder, and alſo the Womb. A little of the Juice diſſolved in Wine, and dropped into the Ears, eafeth much of the Pains in them, and put into a hollow Tooth, caſeth the Pains thereof. The Root is leſs effectual to all the aforeſaid Diſorders; yet the Powder of the Root cleanſeth foul Ulcers, being put into them, and taketh out Splinters of broken Bones, or other Things in the Fleſh, and healeth them up perfectly. As alſo it drieth up old and inveterate running Sores, and is of admirable Virtue in all green Wounds. Fig-worth, or Throat-wort, و a Deſcript.] Ommon great Fig-wort ſendeth divers great, ſtrong, hard, ſquare brown Stalks, three or four Feet high, whereon grow large, hard, and dark green Leaves, two at a Joint, harder and larger than Nettle Leaves, but not ſtinging; at the Tops of the Stalks fand many pur- ple Flowers ſet in Huſks, which are ſometimes gaping and open, fomewhat like thoſe of Water-Betony ; after which come hard round Heads, with a ſmall Point in the Middle, where- in lie ſmall browniſh Seed. The Root is great, white, and thick, with many Branches at it, growing aſlope under the Upper Cruſt of the Ground, which abideth many Years, but keepeth not his green Leaves in Winter. Place.] It groweth frequently in moiſt and fhadowy ] Woods, and in the lower Parts of the Fields and Mea- dows. Time.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 135 a Time.] It flowereth about July, and the Seed will be ripe about a Month after the Flowers are fallen. Government and Virtues.] Some Latin Authors call it Cer- vicaria, becauſe it is appropriated to the Neck; and we Throat-wort, becauſe it is appropriated to the Throat. Venus owns the Herb, and the Celeſtial Bull will not deny it; therefore a better Remedy cannot be for the King's-Evil, becauſe the Moon that rules the Diſeaſe is exalted there, nor for any Diſeaſe in the Neck; the reſt of the Diſeaſes ſpe- cified, you may (if you look) ſee a very good Reaſon for their Cure by this Herb. The Decoction of the Herb taken in wardly, and the bruiſed Herb applied outwardly, diſſolveth clotted and congealed Blood within the Body, coming by any Wounds, Bruiſe, or Fall; and is no leſs effectual for the King's-Evil, Congealed Blood by or any other Knobs, Kernels,Bunches, Wound, Brui ſeorFall, or Wens growing in the Fleſh where- King's-Evil, Wens, ſoever; and for the Hæmorrhoids, Hemorrhoids, Fun- or Piles ; or other Knobs or Kernels dament, Ulcers, Scurf, which ſometimes grow about the Fun- Spots, Freckles, De- dament. An Ointment made hereof formity, Leproſy. may be uſed at all times when the freſh Herb is not to be had. The diſtilled Water of the whole Plant, Roots and all, is uſed for the ſame Purpoſes, and drieth up the ſuperfluous,virulent Moifture of hollow and corroding Ulcers; it taketh away all Redneſs, Spots and Freckles in the Face, as alſo the Scurf, and any foul Deformity therein, and the Liproſy likewiſe. Filipendula, or Drop-wort. His ſendeth forth many Leaves, fome bigger, Come leſſer, fet on each side of a middleRib, and each of them dented about the Edges, fomewhat reſem- bling wild Tanfy,or rather Agrimony, butharderin handling; among which riſe up one or more Stalks, two or three Feet high, with the Leaves growing thereon, and ſometimes alſo divided into other Branches ſpreading at the Top into many white,ſweet-ſmelling Flowers, conſiſting of five Leaves a-piece with ſome Threads in the Middle of them ſtanding together, in a Pith or Umbel, each upon a ſmall Foot-ſtalk, which after they have been blown upon a good while, do fall away, and in their Places appear ſmall, round, chaffy Heads like But- G 2 Defcript.] T tons. 136 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. tons, wherein are the chaffy Seeds fet and placed. The Root confifts of many ſmall, black, tuberous Pieces faſtened to- gether by many ſmall, long, blackiſh Strings, which run from one to another. Place.] It groweth in many places of this Land, in the Corners of dry Fields and Meadows, and the Hedges Sides. Time.] They flower in June and July, and their Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtucs] It is under the Dominion of Venus, and is effectual to open the Paſſages of the Urine, and helpeth theStrangury,and all otherPains of the Dyfury, Strangury, Bladder andReins; helpeth mightily to Reins, Bladder, Stone, expel the Stone in the Kidneys or Blad- Gravel,Wind, Lungs, der, and the Gravel alſo; and theſe are Wheezing, Hoarſe- done by taking the Roots in Powder, neſs, Cough, Phlegm. or a Decoction of them in white Wine, whereunto a little Honeyis added. The ſame helpeth to expel the After-Birth. The Roots made into Powder, and mixed with Honey in the Form of an Electuary, doth much help them whoſe Stomachs are ſwollen, diſſolv- ing and breaking the Wind which was the Cauſe thereof; and is alſo very effectual for all the Diſeaſes of the Lungs, as Shortneſs of Breath, Wheezing, Hoarſeneſs of the Throat, and the Cough; and to expectorate tough Phlegm, or any other Parts thereabout. It is called Dropwort, becauſe it helps ſuch as piſs by Drops. The Fig-Tree. OR to give a Deſcription of a Tree ſo well known to every Body that keeps it in his Garden, were needleſs. 'I hey proſper very well in our Engliſh Gardens, yet are fit- ter for Medicine, than for any other Profit which is gotten by the Fruit of them. Government and Virtues.] The Tree is under the Dominion of Jupiter. The Milk that ifrueth out from the Leaves or Branches where they are broken off, being dropped upon Warts, taketh them away. The De- Warts, Sore Head, coction of the Leaves of a Fig Tree is Leproſy, Morphew, excellentgood to waſhfore Heads with- Scarfs, Scols, Sores, al; neither is there ſcarcely a better Ulcers, Blood congeal. Remedy for the Leprofy than it is. It clears F The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 137 clears the Face alſo of Morphew, and ed, cauſed by B-uiles the Body of white Scurf, mcft Scabs, or Falls, Bloody-flux, and running Sores. If it be dropped Kibes, Chilblains, into old fretting Ulcers,it cleanſeth out Tooth-ach, Noifeinthe the Moiſture, and bringeth up the Eurs, Deafneſs, biting Fleſh; becauſe you cannot have the. of mad Dags, vens- Leaves green all the Year, you may mous Beaſts, Cough, make an Ointment of them whilft you Hoarſeneſs, Shorine's may. A Decoction of the Leaves being of Breath, Breaji, drank inwardly, or rather a Syrup Lungs, Droply, Fall- made of them, diffolves congealed ing-fickneſs, Lice. Blood cauſed by Bruiſes or Falls, and helps the Bloody-flux. 'The Aſhes of the Wood made into anOintment with Hog's-Greaſe, helps Kibes and Chilblains. The Juice being put into an hollow Tooth, eaſeth Pain; as alſo Pain and Noiſe in the Ears, being dropped into them; and Deafneſs. An Ointment made of the Juice and Hog's Greaſe, is as excellent a Remedy for the Biting of mad Dogs, er other venomous Beaſts, as moſt are. A Syrup made of the Leaves, or green Fruit, is excellent good for Coughs, Hcarſe- neſs, or Shortneſs of Breath, and all Diſeaſes of the Breaft and Lungs; 'tis alſo excellent good for the Dropfy and Falling- fickneſs. They ſay that the Fig-tree, as well as the Bay-tree, is never hurt by Lightning; as alſo the Bull, if he be everſo mad, if yon tie him to a Fig-tree, will quickly become tame and gentle. As for ſuch Figs as come from beyond Sea, I have little to ſay to them, becauſe I write not of Exoticks; yet fome Authors ſay, the Eating of them makes People louly. The yellow Water-Flag, or Flower-de-luce. Deſcript.] Thath much longer and narrower fad green HIS groweth like the Flower-de-luce, but it Leaves jointed together in that Faſhion ; the Stalk alſo growing oftentimes as high, bearing ſmall yellow Flowers ſhaped like the Flower-de-luce, with three falling Leaves, and other three arched that cover their Bottoms; but in- ſtead of the three upright Leaves, as the Flower-de-luce hath, this hath only three ſhort Pieces ſtanding in their Places, after which fucceed thick and long three ſquare Heads, containing in each Part ſomewhat big and flat Seed, like thoſe of the Flower-de-luce. The Root is long and flender, of a pale browniſh Colour on the Outſide, and of a Horſe- G3 138 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Horſefleth Colour on the Inſide, with many hard Fibres thereat, and very harſh in Tafte. . Place.] It uſually grows in watery Ditches, Ponds, Lakes, and Moor-fides, which are always overflowed with Water. Time.] It flowereth in July, and the Seed is ripe in Au- guf. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Moon. The Root of this Water-flag is Birds, Cools, Dries, very aftringent, cooling, and drying; Flux, Bloody - Flux, and thereby helps all Lalks and Fluxes, Bleeding, Eyes, Ble- whether of Blood or Humours,asBleed- wiſhes, Terms ftops, ing at the Mouth, Noſe, or other Parts, Spots, Inflammations, Bloody-Aux, and the immoderate Flux Jore Breaſts, Cankers, of Women's Courſes. The diſtilled Ulcers, Noli me tan- Water of the whole Herb, Flowers and gere. Roots, is a ſovereign good Remedy for watering Eyes, both to be dropped into them, and to have Cloths or Sponges wetted therein, and applied to the Forehead : It alſo helpeth the Spots or Blemiſhes that happen in or about the Eyes, or in any other Parts : The ſaid Water fomented on Swellings and hot In- Hammation of Womens Breafts, upon Cankers alſo, and thoſe (preading Ulcers called Noli me tangere, doth much good: It helpeth alſo foul Ulcers in the Privy-parts of Man or Woman, or elſewhere. An Ointment made of the Flowers is better for thoſe external Applications. Flax-weed, or Toad-Flax. Deſcript.] UR common Flax-weed hath divers Stalks full fraught with long and narrow Ath-co- loured Leaves, and from the Middle of them almoſt upward, ſtored with a Number of pale yellow Flowers, of a ſtrong un- pleaſant Scent, with deeper yellow Mouths, and blackiſh Hat Seed in round Heads. The Root is ſomewhat woody and white, eſpecially the main downright one, with many fibres, abiding many Years, ſhooting forth Roots every way round about, and new Brances every year. Place.] This groweth throughout this Land, both by the Way-fides and in Meadows, as alſo by Hedge-lides, and upon the sides of Banks, and Borders of Fields. Time. 1 The Engliſh Phyſician Erlarged. 139 Time.] It flowereth in Summer, and the Seed is ripe uſually before the End of Auguſt. Government and Virtus.] Mars owns the Herb: In Suflex we call it Gallwort, and lay it in our Chickens Water to care them of the Gall, I think ; I am ſure it relieves them when they are drooping. This is frequently uſed to provoke Urine being ſtopped, Dyfury, Droply, Ob- and to ſpend the Abundance of thoſe fru&tions of the Li- watery Humours by Urine, which cauſe ver,Yellow. Jaundice the Dropfy. The Decoction of the dead Child, and Af- Herb, both Leaves and Flowers, in ter Birth, Inflamma- Wine taken and drank, doth ſomewhat tions, Eyes, Ulcers, move the Belly downwards, openeth Cankers, Fiſtulas, Obſtructions of the Liver, and helpeth Leproſy, Scabs, Pim- the Yellow-Jaundice;expelleth Poiſon, ples, Freckles. provoketh Womens Courſes, driveth forth the dead Child, and After-birth. The diſtilled Water of the Herb and Flowers is effectual for all the ſame Purpoſes, eſpecially being drank with a Drachm of the Powder of the Seeds of Bark of the Root of Wall-wort, and a little Cinna- mon, for certain Days together, is held a fingular Remedy for the Dropfy. The Juice of the Herb, or the diſtilled Water, dropped into the Eyes, is a certain Remedy for all Heat, Inflammation, and Redneſs in them. The Juice or Water put into foul Ulcers, whether they be Cancerous or Fiftulous, with Tents rolled therein, or Parts waſhed and injected therewith, cleanſeth them thoroughly from the Bot- tom, and healeth them up ſafely. The ſame Juice or Water alſo cleanſeth the Skin wonderfully of all Sorts of Deformity thereof, as Leproſy, Morphew, Scurf, Wheals, Pimples, or any other Spots or Marks in the Skin, applied of itſelf, or uſed with ſome Powder of Lupines. a a Flea-wort. Deſcripc.) o Race high or more, full of Joints and Bran O ] dinary Flea-a Feet ches on every Side up to the Top, and at every Joint two ſmall, long, and narrow whitiſh green Leaves ſomewhat hairy: At the Top of every Branch ftand divers ſmall ſhort ſcaly or chaffy Heads, out of which come forth ſmall whitiſh yellow Threads, like to thoſe of the Plantain Herbs, which are the Bloomings G 4 of 140 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. ef Flowers. The Seed incloſed in theſe Heads is ſmall and thining while it is freſh, very like unto Fleas both for Colour and Bigneſs, butturning black when itgiowethold. The Root is not long, but white, hard and woody, periſhing every Year, and riſing again of its own Seed' tor divers Years, if it be ſufered to ſhed: The whole plant is ſomewhat whi- tifh and hairy, ſmelling ſomewhat like Rofin. There is another Sort hereof, differing not from the for- iner in the manner of growing, but only that this Stalk and Branches being ſomewhat greater, do a little more bow down to the Ground : 'The Leaves are ſomewhat greater, the Heads fomewhat leffer, the Seed alike; and the Root and Leaves abide all Winter and periſh not as the former. Place.] The firſt groweth only in Gardens, the fecond plentifully in Fields that are near the Sea. Time.] They flower in July, or thereabouts, Government and Virtues.] The Herb is cold, dry, and Sa- turnine. I ſuppoſe it obtained the Name Fiea-wort, becauſe the Seeds are ſo like Fleas. The -eed Flux, Corroſion, Cho- fried, and ſo taken, ftayeth the Flux or lerick Humours, 4- Lalk of the Belly, and the Corroſions gues, Fevers, Inflam- that come by reaſon of hot cholerick, tions, Thirft, or ſharp and malignantHumours or by Hearfineſs, falt Hi- too much purging of anyviolent Mcdi- mours, Plurify, Ha- cine, as Scammony, or the like. The , morrbeids, Head och, Mucilage of the Seed made with Roſe- Dleegrim, Pains, Im- water, and a little Sugar-candy put pofthumes, Sciatica, thereto, is very good in all het Agues Wheals, Pufies, Pur- and turning Fevers, and other Inflam- ples,Gout, jouts,fore mations, to cool the Thirſt, and lenify Breaſts, Nipples, Ul- the Dryneſs and Roughneſs of the cers, Ears, Worms. Tongue and Throat. It helpeth alſo Hoarſeneſs of the Voice, and Dir- eaſes of the Breaſt and Lungs, cauſed by Heat, or ſharp ſalt Humours, and the Pleurily alſo. The Mucilage of the Seed made with Plantain-water, whereunto theYolk ofan Egg or two, and a little Populeon are put, is a moft ſafe and fure Remedy to eaſe the Sharpneſs, Pricking, and Pains of the Hanno rhoids or Piles, it it be laid on a Cloth, and bound thereto. it helpeth all Inflammations in any. Part of the Body, and the Pains that come thereby, as the Head-ach and Meagrim, and all hot Impoithunies or Swellings, or breaking The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 141 breaking out of the Skin, as Blains, Wheals, Puſhes, Purples, and the like; as alſo the Joints of thoſe that are out of Joints the Pains of the Gout and Sciatica, the Burſting of young Children, and the Swelling of the Navel, applied with Oil of Roſes and Vinegar. It is alſo good to heal the Nipples and fore Breafts of Women, being often applied thereunto. The Juice of the Herb with a little Honey put into the Ears helpeth the running of them, and the Worms breeding in them: The ſame alſo mixed with Hogs-greafe, and ap- plied to corrupt and filthy Ulcers, cleanſeth and health them. Fluxweed. a Defcript. ] IT. Triſeth up with a round upright hard Stalk, four or five Feet high, spread into fundry Branches, whereon grow many greyiſh green Leaves very finely cut and fevered into a Number of fhort and almoſt round Parts. The Flowers are very ſmall and yellow, growing Spike faſhion, after which come ſmall long Pods, with ſmall yellowiſh Seed in them. The Root is long and woody, periſhing every Year. There is another Sort, differing in nothing, fave only it hath fomewhat broader Leaves; they have a ſtrong evil Sa- vour, being ſmelt unto, and are of a drying Tafte. Place.) They flower wild in the Fields by Hedge-fides and High-ways, and among Rubbiſh and other places. Time.] They fower and feed quickly after, namely, in June and July Government and Virtues.] This Herb is Saturnine allo. Both the Herb and Seed of Flux-weed is of excellent uſe to ſtay the Flux or Laſk of the Belly, being drank in Water wherein Gads of Steel heated Flux, Bleeding, Bloo- have been often quenched ; and is no dy Flux, Terms ftops, leſs effectual for the fame Purpoſe than broken Bones, Mem- Plantain or Comfrey, and to reſtrain bers disjointed, Sores, any other Flux of Blood in Man or Worms, Ulcers. Woman, as alſo to conſolidate Bones broken or out of Joint. The Juice thereof drank in Wine, or the Decoction of the Herb drank, doth kill the Worms in the Stomach or Belly, or the Worms that grow in putrid and filthy Ulcers; and made into a Salve, doth quickly heal GS all. 142 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. all old Sores, how foul or malignant foever they be. The diſtilled Water of the Herb worketh the fame Effects, al- though ſomewhat weaker, yet it is a fair Medicine, and more acceptable to be taken. It is called Flux-weed, becauſe it cures the Flux, and for its uniting broken Bones, &c. Paracelſus extols it to the Skies. It is fitting that Syrup, Ointment, and Plaifters of it were kept in your Houſes. Flower-de-luce. I , that I ſhall not need to ſpend Time in writing a Deſcrip- tion thereof. Time.] The faggy Kinds thereof have the moſt Phyſical Uſes; the Dwarf Kinds thereof flower in April, the greater Sorts in May. Government and Virtues.] The Herb is Lunar. The Juice or Decoction of the green Roots of the ſtaggy Kind of Flower- de-luce, with a little Honey drank, doth purge and cleanſe the Stomach of groſs and tough Phlegm Stomach, Flegm, Cho- and Choler therein; it helpeth the ler, Jaundice, Droply, Jaundice and the Dropſy, evacuating Belly, Sides, Agues, thoſe Humours both upwards and Liver, Spleen, Stone, downwards; and becauſe it ſomewhat Convulſions, Cramp, hurts the Stomach, is not to be taken venomous Beaſts, Dy- without Honey and Spikenard. The Jury, Cholick, Terms fame being drank, doth eaſe the provokes, Cough, Snee- Pains and Torments of the Belly and zing, Hæmorrhoids, Sides, the Shaking of Agues, the Dif- Tooth-ach, Joints, Si- eaſes of the Liver and Spleen, the news, Gout, Sciatica, Worms of the Belly, the Stone in the Womb,Rheum, Breaſt, Reins, Convulfions and Cramps that Wounds, Ulcers, Fifiu- come of old Humours; it alſo helps las, Camker. thoſe whoſe Seed paſſed from them unawares : It is a Remedy againſt the Bitings and Sting- ings of venomous Creatures, being boiled in Water and Vinegar and drank: Being boiled in Water and drank, it provoketh Urine, helpeth the Cholick, bringeth down Wo- mens Courſes; and made up into a Peſſary with Honey, and put up into the Body, draweth forth the dead Child. It is much commended againſt the Cough, to expectorate tough The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 143 tough Phlegm ; it much eaſeth Pains in the Head, and pro- cureth Sleep; being put into the Noftrils it procureth Sneez- ing, and thereby purgeth the Head of Phlegm's The Juice of the Root applied to the Piles or Hæmorrhoids, giveth much Eafe. The Decoction of the Roots gargled in the Mouth, eaſeth the Tooth-ach, and helpeth a ſtinking Breath. Oil called Oleum Irinum, if it be rightly made of the great broad flag Flower-de-luce (and not of the great bulbus blue Flower- de-luces, as is uſed by fome Apothecaries) and Roots of the fame of the faggy Kinds, is very effectual to warm and com- fort all cold Joints and Sinews, as alſo the Gout and Sciati- ca, and mollifieth, diffolveth and conſumeth Tumours and Swellings in any Part of the Body, as alſo of the Matrix; it helpeth the Cramp, or Convulſions of the Sinews: The Head and Temples anointed therewith, helpeth the Catarrh or thin Rheum diſtilled from thence; and uſed upon the Breaſt or Stomach, helpeth to extenuate the cold tough Phlegm; it helpeth alſo the Pains and Noiſe in the Ears, and the Stench of the Noftrils. The Root itſelf, either green, or in Powder, helpeth to cleanſe, heal, and incarnate Wounds, and to cover the naked Bones with Fleſh again, that Ulcers have made bare ; and is alſo very good to cleaſe and heal up Fiftulas and Cankers that are hard to be cured. Fluellin, or Lluellin. Defcript.) TT ſhooteth forth many long Branches partlyly- ing upon the Ground, and partly ſtanding up- right, fet with almoſt red Leaves, yet a little pointed, and ſome- times more long than round, without Order thereon, fomewhat hairy, and of an evil greeniſh white Colour; at the Joints all along the Stalks, and with the Leaves come forth ſmall Flow- ers, one at a Place, upon a very ſmall ſhort foot-ſtalk, gaping ſomewhat like Snap-dragons, or rather like Toad-fax, with the upper Jaw of a yellow Colour,and the lower of a purpliſh, with a ſmall Heel or Spur behind; after which come forth ſmall round Heads, containing ſmall black Seed. The Root is ſmall and thready, dying every Year, and raiſeth itſelf a- gain of its own ſowing. There is another Sort of Lluellin which hath longer Branches wholly trailing upon the Ground two or three Feet long, and ſomewhat more thin, ſet with Leaves thereon, upon fmall Foot- ſtalks. The Leaves are a little larger, and ſomewhat round, PIT a and 144 The Engliſh Phyſicion Enlarged. and corner'd ſometimes in ſome places on the Edges; but the louer Part of them being the broadeft, hath on each ſide a ſmall Point, making it ſeem as if they were Ears ; ſometimes hairy, but not hoary, and of a better green Colour than the former The Flowers ccmeforth like the former, but the Colours therein are mcre white than yellow, and the Purple not fo fair: It is a large Flower, and ſo are the Seed and Seed-Veſſels. 1 he Rout like the other, and periſheth every Year. Place.] They grow in divers Corn-fields, and in Borders alcut them, and in other fertile Grounds, about Southflect, in Kunt abundant; at Buchwrite, Homerton, and Richman- werth in Hunting dırſaire, and in divers other Places. Time.] They are in Flower about June and July, and the whole Plant is dry and wither'd before Auguſt be done. Government and Virtues.] It is a Luna Herb. The Leaves bruiſed and applied with Barley meal to watering Eyes that are hot and inflamed by Defluxions Eyes, Fluxes, Bloody- from the Head, do very much help Flux, Terms lops, them, as alſo the Fluxes of Blood or Wounds, Cankers, Ul. Humours, as the Laſk, Bloody Flux, Womens Courſes; and ſtayeth all man- ner of Bleeding at Noſe, Mouth, or any cther Place, or that cometh by any Bruiſe or Hurt, or buiting a Vein; it wonderfully helpeth all thoſe inward Parts that need conſolidating or ſtrengthning; and is no leſs effe atual both to heal and cloſe green Wounds, than to cleanſe or heal all foul or old Ulcers, fretting or ſpreading Cankers, or the like. Lees are induſtrious, and go abroad to gather Honey from each I'lant and Flower; but Drones lie at home, and eat up what the Bees have taken Pains for: Juſt fo do the College of Phyficians lie at home and domineer, and fuck out the Sseetneſs of other Mens Labours and Studies, themſelves being as ignorant in the Knowledge of Herbs as a Child of four years old, as I can make appear to any rational Man by their laſt Diſpenſatory. Now then to hide their Igno- Tance, there is no readier Way in the World, than to hide Enowledge from their Countrymen, that ſo no body might be able fo much as to ſmell out their Igncrance. When Sim- ples were in Uſe, Mens Lodies were better in Health Ly far than now they are, or ſhall be, if the College can help eers The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 145 I help it. The Truth is, this Herb is of a fine cooling, drying Quality, and an Ointment or Plaiſter ofit might do a Man a Courteſy that hath any hot virulent Sores: 'Tis admirable for the Ulcers of the French Pox; if taken inwardly, may cure the Difeaſe. It was firſt called Female Speedwel, but a Shentleman of Wales, whoſe Noſe was almoſt eaten off with the Pox, and ſo near the Matter, that the Doctors command- ed it to be cut off, being cured only by the Uſe of this Herb; and to honour the Herb for ſaving hur Noſe whole, gave it one of her Country Names Fluellin. Fox-Gloves. Defcript.] T hath manylong and broadLeaves lying upon the Ground dented upon the Edges, a little loft or woolly, and of a hoary green Colour, among which riſeth up ſometimes ſundry Stalks, but one very often, bearing ſuch Leaves thereon from the Bottom to the Middle, from whence to the Top it is ſtored with large, and long hollow. reddiſh purple Flowers, a little more long and imminent at the lower Edge, with ſome white Spots within them, one above another, with ſmall greenLeaves at every one, but all of them turning their Heads one way, and hanging downwards, having ſome Threads alſo in the Middle, from whence riſe round Heads, pointed ſharp at the Ends, wherein ſmall brown Seed lieth. The Roots are ſo many ſmall Fibres, and ſome greater Strings among them; the Flowers have no Scent, but the Leaves have a bitter hot Tafte. Place.] It groweth on dry fandy Ground for the moſt Part, and as well on the higher as the lower Places under Hedge-ſides in almoſt every County of this Landa Time.] It ſeldom fowereth before July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The Plant is under the Domi- nion of Venus, being of a gentle cleanſing Nature, and with al very friendly to Nature. The Herb is familiarly and frequently uſed by the Italians, to heal any freſh or green Wound, the Leaves Wounds cleanſe, being but bruiſed and bound thereon; Dry, Heal, Obſtruc- and the Juice thereof is alſo uſed in tions of the Liver old Sores, to cleanſe, dry, and heal and Spleen, King's them. The Decoction hereof made Evil,Falling Sickneſs up with ſome Sugar or Honey, is a- fcabby Head. vailable 146 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. vailable to cleanſe and purge the Body both upwards and downwards, ſometimes of tough Phlegm, and clammy Hu- mours; and to open Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen. It ; hath been found by Experience to be available for the King's Evil, the Herb bruiſed and applied, or an Ointment made with the Juice thereof, and ſo uſed; and a Decoction of two Hand- ful thereof, with four Ounces of Polypody in Ale, hath been found by late Experience to cure divers of the Falling Sick- neſs, that have been troubled with it above twenty Years. . Myſelf am confident that an Ointment of it is one of the beſt Remedies for a ſcabby Head, that is. Fumitory a Defcript. Olen deth forth from one Square,a ſlender weak UR fappy Herb, ſendeth Stalk, and leaning downwards on all Sides, many Branches , two or three Feet long, with finely cut and jagged Leaves of whitiſh, or rather blueiſh Sea-green Colour: At the Tops of the Branches ſtand many ſmall Flowers, as it were in a long Spike one above another, made like little Birds, of a reddiſh pur- ple Colour, with whitiſh Bellies; after which come ſmallround Hulks, containing ſmall black Seeds. The Root is yellow,ſmall and not very long, full of Juice while it is green, but quickly periſhes with the ripe Seed. In the Corn Fields in Cornwall, it beareth white Flowers. Place.] It groweth in Corn Fields almoſt every-where, as well as in Gardens. Time.] It fowereth in May, for the moſt part, and the Seed ripeneth ſhortly after. Government and Virtues.] Saturn owns the Herb, and pre- fents it to the World as a Cure for his own Diſeaſe, and Strengthener of the Parts of the Body he rules. If by my Afrological Judgment of Diſeaſes, from the Decumbiture, you find Saturn Author of the Diſeaſe, or if by Direction from a Nativity you fear a Saturnine Diſeaſe approaching, you may-by this Herb prevent it in the one, and cure it in the other, and therefore 'tis fit you keep a Syrup of it always by you. The Juice or Syrup made thereof, or the Decoc- tion made in Whey by itſelf, with ſome other purging or opening Herbs and Roots to cauſe it to work the better (it The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 147 (itſelf being but weak) is very effec- Liver, Spleen,Choler, tual for the Liver and Spleen, opening Aduft, Melancholy, the obſtructions thereof, and clarifying Madneſs, Forgetful- the Blood from faltiſh, cholerick, and nefs, Jaundice, yellow aduft Humours, which cauſe Leproſy, and black, Peſtilence, Scabs, Tetters, and Itches, and ſuch foreMouth and Throat like Breakings-out of the Skin, and Eyes, Hairs,Pimples, -, after the Purgings, doth ſtrengthen all Scabs, Itch, Wheals. the inward Parts. It is alſo good a- gainſt the Yellow Jaundice, and ſpendeth it by Urine,which it procureth in Abundance. The Powder of the dried Herb given for ſome Time together, cureth Melancholy, but the Seed is ſtrongeſt in Operation, for all the former Diſeaſes. The diſtilled Water of the Herb is alſo of good Effect in the former Diſeaſes, and conduceth much againſt the Plague and Peſtilence, being taken with good Treacle. The diſtilled Water alſo, with a little Water and Honey of Roſes, helpeth all the Sores of the Mouth or Throat, being gargled often therewith. The Juice dropped into the Eyes, cleareth the Sight and taketh away Redneſs and other Defects in them, altho' it procure fome Pain for the preſent, and cauſe Tears. Diofcorides faith, it hindereth any freſh ſpringing of Hairs on the Eye-lids (after they be pulled away) if the Eye-lids be anointed with the Juice hereof, with Gum Arabick diffolved therein. The Juice of the Fumitory and Docks mingled with Vinegar,and the Places gently waſhed or wet therewith, cureth all Sorts of Scabs, Pimples, Blotches, Wheals, Puſhes, which ariſe on the Face or Hands, or any other Parts of the Body. The Furz Buſh. ITO T is ſo well known, as well by this Name, as in ſome Countries by the Name of Gorzor Whins, that I ſhall not need to write any Deſcription thereof, my Intent being to teach my Countrymen what they know not, rather than to tell them again of that which is generally known before. Place.] They are known to grow on dry barren Heaths, and other waſte, gravelly or ſandy Grounds, in all Counties of this Land. Time.] They alſo flower in Summer Months. Government 148 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. TH Government and Virtues.] Mars owns the Herb. They are hot and dry, and open Obſtructions Obſtructions, Liver, of the Liver and Spleen. A Decoction Spleen, Yellow, Jaun- made with the Flowers thereof hath dice, Dyſury, Gravel, been found effectual againſt the Jaun- Stone. dice, as alſo to provoke Urine, and cleanſe the Kidneys from Gravel or Stone engendered in them. Mars doth alſo this by Sympathy, Garlick. HE Offenſiveneſs of the Breath of him that hath eaten Garlick, will lead you by the Noſe to the Knowledge hereof, and (inſtead of a Deſcription) direct you to the Place where it groweth in Gardens, which Kinds are the beſt, and moſt phyſical Government and Virtues.] Mars owns this Herb. This was anciently accounted the poor Man's Treacle, it being a Re- medy for all Diſeaſes and Hurts (except thoſe which itſelf breed). It provoketh Urine and Wo. Urine, Terms provoke, mensCourſes,helpeth the biting of mad mad Dogs, venomous, Dogs, and other venomous Creatures ; Beafts, Worms, Le- killeth Wormsin Children, cutteth and thargy, Phlegm, Pefti- voideth tough Phlegm, purgeth the lence, Impoſthumes, Head, helpeth the Lethargy, is a good mineral Vapours, Preſervative againſt, and a Remedy for fiinking Waters, Hen- any Plague Sore, or foul Ulcer; taketh bane, Hemlock, Wolf- away Spots and Blemiſhes in the Skin, bone, Drophy, Cramps, eafeth Pains in the Ears, ripeneth and Convulſions, Falling breaketh Impoſthumes, or other Swel- Sickneſs. lings. And for all thoſe Diſeaſes, the Onions are as effectual. But the Gare lick hath ſome more peculiar Virtues beſides the former, viz. it hath a ſpecial Quality to diſcuſs Inconveniencies coming by corrupt Agues or mineral Vapours, or by drinking corrupt and rinking Waters; as alſo by taking of Wolf-bane, Hen- bane, Hemlock, or other poiſonous and dangerous Herbs. It is alſo held good in hydropick Diſeaſes, the Jaundice, Fall- ing Sickneſs, Cramps, Convulfions, the Piles.or Hæmorrhoids, or other cold Diſeaſes, Many Authors quote many Diſeaſes this is good for ; but conceal its Vices. Its Heat is very vehement, and all vehement hot Things {end up but ill favoured Vapours a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 149 to the Brain. In cholerick Men 'twill add Fuel to the Fire ; in Men oppreſſed by Melancholy, 'twill attenuate the Hu- mour, and ſend up ſtrong Fancies, and as many ftrange Vi- fions to the Head; therefore let it be taken inwardly with great Moderation ; outwardly you may make more bold with it. I Gentian, Felwort, or Baldmony. Tis confeſſed, that Gentian, which is moſt uſed amongſt us, is brought over from beyond Sea; yet we have two Sorts of it growing frequently in our Nation, which befides the Reaſons ſo frequently alledged, why Engliſh Herbs ſhould be fitteſt for Engliſh Bodies, hath been proved by the Ex- perience of divers Phyſicians, to be not a Whit inferior in Virtue to that which cometh from beyond Sea ; therefore be pleaſed to take the Deſcription of them as followeth; Deſcript.] The greater of the two hath many ſmall long Roots thruit down deep into the Ground, and abiding all the Winter. The Stalks are ſometimes more, ſometimes fewer, of a browniſh green Colour, which is ſometimes two Feet high, if the Ground be fruitful, having many long, narrow, dark green Leaves, ſet by Couples up to the Top ; the Flowers are long and hollow, of a purple Colour, ending in fine Corners. The ſmaller Sort which is to be found in our Land, groweth up with fundry, Stalks, not a Foot high, parted into ſeveral ſmall Branches, whereon grow divers ſmall Leaves together, very like thoſe of the lefſer Centaury, of a whitiſh green Colour ; on the Tops of theſe.Stalks grow divers perfect blue Flowers, ſtanding in long Huſks, but not fo big as the other; the Root is very ſmall, and full of Threads. Place ] The firſt groweth in divers Places of both the Eaſt and Weſt Countries, and as well in wet as in dry Grounds, as near Long-field by Graveſend, near Cobham in Kent, near Lillinſtone in Kent, alſo in a Chalk Pit hard by a Paper Mill not far from Dartford in Kent. The ſecond groweth alſo in divers Places in Kent, as about Southfeet and Longfield; upon Barton's Hills in Bedfordſhire : Alſo not far from St. Alban's, upon a Piece of waite chalky Ground, as you go out of Dunftable Way towards Gorham- bury. Time.] They flower in Auguft. Ge- 150 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Government'and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of Mars, and one of the principallef Herbs he is Ruler of. They refift Putrefaction, Poiſon, Peſtilence; Poiſon, Peſtilence, neither can a more ſure Remedy be Stomach, Indigeſtion, found to prevent the Peſtilence than it Heart preferveth, is; it ſtrengthens the stomach exceed- Fainting, Swooning, ingly,and helps Digeſtion; it comforts biting of mad Dogs, the Heart, and preſerves it againſt venomous Beaſts, Li- Faintings and Swoonings: ThePowder ver, Appetite,Weari- of the dry Roots helps the biting of neſs, Joints, Stitches, mad Dogs, and venomous Beaſts, Sides, Bruiſes, Urine opens Obſtructions of the Liver, and provokes, CrampsCon- reſtoreth an Appetite of their Meat to valjions, Stone, Rup- ſuch as have loſt it. The Herb ſteeped ture, tough Phlegm, in Wine, and the Wine drank, re- Scabs, Itch, Sores, Ul- freſheth fuch as be over-weary with cers, Worms, King's Travel, and grown lame in their Evil, Agues, Yellow Joints, either by Cold or evil Lodg- Juundice, Bots, ve- ings; it helps Stiches, and griping nomous Beafts. Pains in the Sides; is an excellent Remedy for ſuch as are bruiſed by Falls; it provokes Urine, and the Terms exceedingly, there- fore let it not be given to Women with Child : The ſame is very profitable for ſuch as are troubled with Cramps and Con- vulfions, to drink the Decoction. Alſo they ſay it breaks the Stone, and helps Ruptures moft certainly; it is very excellent in all cold Diſeaſes, and ſuch as are troubled with tough Phlegm, Scabs, Itch, or any fretting Sores and Ulcers; it is an admirable Remedy to kill the Worms, by taking half a Dram of the Powder in a Morning in any convenient Liquor; the ſame is excellent good to be taken inwardly for the King's Evil. It helps Agues of all sorts, and the Yellow Jaundice, as alſo the Bots in Cattle ; when Kine are bitten on the Udder by any venomous Beaſt, do but ftroke the Place with the Decoction of any of theſe, and it will inſtantly heal them. Clove Gilliflowers. T is vain to deſcribe an Herb fo well known. Government and Virtues.] They are gallant, fine, tem- perate Flowers, of the Nature and under the Dominion of Jupiter ; yea, ſo temperate, that no Exceſs, neither in Heat, Cold, IT The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 151 C , Cold, Dryneſs, nor Moiſture, can be perceived in them; they are great Strengtheners both of the Brain and Heart, and will therefore Brain, Heart, Con- ferve either for Cordials or Cepha- ſumption, ſtrengthens licks, as your Occaſion will ſerve. Nature. There is both a Syrup and a Conſerve made of them, and of them alone, commonly to be had at every Apothecary's. To take now and then a little of either, ſtrengthens Nature much, in ſuch as are in Conſumptions. They are alſo excellent good in hot Peſtilent Fevers, and ex- pel Poiſon. Germander. Deſcript.] Ommon Germander ſhooteth forth fundry Stalks, with ſmall and ſomewhat round Leaves, dented about the Edges. The Flowers ftand at the Tops, of a deep purple Colour. The Root is compoſed of di- vers Sprigs, which ſhoot forth a great Way round about, quick- ly overſpreading a Garden. Place.] It groweth uſually with us in Gardens. Time.] And flowereth in June or July. Government and Virtues.] It is a moſt prevalent Herb of Mercury, and ſtrengthens the Brain and Apprehenfion exceede ingly; (you may ſee what human Virtues are under Mercury, in the latter End of my Ephemeris for 1652) ſtrengthens them when weak; relieves them when drooping by this Herb. This taken with Honey (faith Dioſcorides) is a Remedy for Coughs, for Hardneſs of the Spleen, and Diffi- culty of Urine, and helpeth thoſe that Cough, Spleen, Dy- are fallen into a Dropfy, eſpecially at the Jury, Droply, Terms , Beginning of the Diſeaſe, a Decoction provoke, deadChild, being made thereof when it is green, Poiſon, Ulcers, A. and drank. It alſo bringeth down Wo- gues, Cramps, Fall- mens Courſes, and expelleth the dead ing Sickneſs, Head- Child. It is moſt effectual againſt the ach, Melancholy, , Poiſon of all Serpents, being drank in Dulneſs of Spirit, Wine, and the bruiſed Herb outwardly Yellow Jaundice, Convulfons, Pally, applied; uſed with Honey, it cleanſeth Worms. old and foul Ulcers; and made into an Oil, and the Eyes anointed therewith, taketh away the Dim- neſs and Moiſtnefs. It is likewiſe good for the Pains in the Sides, and Cramps. The Decoction thereof taken for four Days together, driveth away and cureth both Tertian and Quartan a a 152 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Quartan Agues. It is alſo good againft all Diſeaſes of the Brain, as continual Headach, Falling Sickneſs, Melancholy, Drowſineſs and Dulneſs of the Spirits, Convulfions and Palfies. A Dram of the Seed taken in Powder purgeth by Urine, and is good againſt the Yellow Jaundice. The Juice of the Leaves dropped into the Ears killeth the Worms in them. The Tops thereof, when they are in Flowers, ſteeped twenty-four Hours in a Draught of White Wine, and drank, killeth Worms in the Belly. Stinking Gladwin. 1.'T Defcript.] HIS is one of the Kinds of Flower-de-luces, having divers Leaves ariſing from the Roots very like a Flower-de-luce, but that they are fharp edged on both Sides, and thicker in the Middle, of a deeper green Co- lour, narrower and ſharper pointed, and a ſtrong ill Scent, if they be bruiſed between the Fingers. In the Middle riſeth up a reaſonable ſtrong Stalk, a Yard high at the leaſt, beareth three or four Flowers at the Top, made ſomewhat like the Flowers of the Flower.de-luce, with three upright Leaves, of a dead purpleiſh Ath Colour, with ſome Veins diſcoloured in them; the other three do not fall down, nor the three other ſmall ones are ſo arched, nor cover the lower Leaves as the Flower-de luce doth, but ſtand loofe or afunder from them. After they are part, there come up three ſquare hard Huks, opening wide into three Parts when they are ripe, wherein lie redcifh Seed, turning back when it hath abiden long. The Root is like that of the Flower-de-luce, but reddiſh on the Outſide, and whitiſh within, very ſharp and hot in the Taſte, of as evil ſcent as the Leaves. Place.] This groweth as well in upland Grounds as in moiſt Places, in Woods, and ſhadowy Places by the Sea fide in many Places of this Land, and is uſually nurſed up in Gardens. Time.] It flowereth not until July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguft or September ; yet the Huſks, after they are ripe, opening themſelves, will hold their Seed with them for two or three Months, and not ſhed them. Government and Virtues.] It is ſuppoſed to be under the Dominion of Saturn. It is uſed by many Country People to purge corrupt Phlegm and Choler, which they do by drinking the Decoction of the Roots; and fome, to make it more gentle, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. t53 , gentle, do but infuſe the ſliced Roots Phlegm, Choler, Head, , , in Ale ; and fome take the Leaves, - Cramp, Convulſions, which ſerve well for the weaker Sto- Gout, Sciatica, Belly- machs : The Juice hereof put up, or ach, Strangury, Flux- fiuffed up the Noſe, cauſeth Sneezing, es, Terms provokes, and draweth from the Head much Cor- Dyfury, Spleen, broken ruptions; and the Powder thereof doth Bones, Splinters, the fame. The Powder thereof drank Wounds, Throat, Itch, , in Wine, helpeth thoſe that are trou- King's Evil,Blemiſhes Gled with Cramps and Convulſions, or in the Skin, Scabs. with the Gout and Sciatica, and giveth Eaſe to thoſe that have any griping Pains in their Body and Belly, and helpeth thoſe that have the Strangury. It is given with much Profit to thoſe that have had long Fluxes by the ſharp and evil Quality of Humours, which it ſtayeth, having firſt cleanſed and purged them by the drying and binding Pro- perty therein. The Root boiled in Wine and drank, doth effeétually procure Womens Courſes, and uſed as a Peffary, worketh the ſame Effect, but cauſeth Abortion in Women with Child. Half a Dram of the Seed beaten to Powder, and taken in Wine, doth ſpeedily cauſe one to piſs, which otherwiſe cannot. The fane taken with Vinegar, diffolveth the Hardneſs and Swellings of the Spleen. The Root is very effectual in all Wounds, and eſpecially of the Head ; as allo to draw forth any Splinters, Thorns, or broken Bones, or any other Thing ſticking in the Fleſh, without caufing Pains, be- ing uſed with a little Verdigreaſe and Honey, and the great Centaury Root. The ſame boiled in Vinegar, and laid upon any Tumour or Swelling, doth very effectually diſſolve and conſume them; yea, even the Swellings of the Throat called the King's Evil; the Juice of the Leaves or Roots healeth the Itch, and all running or ſpreadiny Scabs or Sores, or Ble- miſhes, or Scars in the Skin, wherefoever they be. a T! Golden Rod. Defcript.) HIS ariſeth up with browniſh, ſmall round Stalks, two Feet high, and ſometimes more, having thereon many narrow and long dark green Leaves, very ſeldom with any Dents about the Edges, or any Stalks or white Spets therein, yet they are ſometimes ſo found, di- vided at the Tops into many ſmall Branches, with divers mall 154 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. ſmall yellow Flowers on every one of them, all which are turned one Way, and being ripe, do turn into Down, and are carried away by the Wind. The Root conſiſts of many ſmall Fibres, which grows not deep in the Ground, but abideth all the Winter thereon, ſhooting forth new Branches every Year, the old one lying down to the Ground. Place.] It groweth in the open Places of Woods and Copſes, both moiſt and dry Grounds, in many places of this Land. Time.] It flowereth about the Month of July. Government and Virtues.] Venus claims the Herb, and there- fore to be ſure it reſpects Beauty loft. Arnoldus de Villa nova commends it much againſt the Stone in Beauty loft, Clone, the Reins and Kidneys,and to provoke Dyfury, Gravel, Urine in abundance, whereby alſo the Wounds, Flux, Gravel and Stone may be voided. Bloody Flux, Terms The Decoction of the Herb, green or ftops, Ruptures, Ul. dry, or the diſtilled Water thereof, is cers, fore Mouth and very effectual for inward Bruiſes, as Throat, Teeth looſe. alſo to be outwardly applied ; it ſtay- eth Bleeding in any part of the Body, and of Wounds; alſo the Fluxes of Humours, the Bloody Flux, and Womens Courſes; and is no leſs prevalent in all Ruptures or Burſtings, being drank inwardly, and outwardly applied. It is a ſovereign Wound Herb, inferior to none, both for inward and outward Hurts ; green Wounds and old Sores and Ulcers, are quickly cured therewith. It alſo is of eſpecial Uſe in all Lotions for Sores, or Ulcers in the Mouth, Throat, or Privy Parts of Man or Woman. The Decoction alſo helpeth to faften the Teeth that are looſe in the Gums. Goutwort, or Herb Gerrard. Defcript.) I T is a low Herb, ſeldom riſing half aYard high, having fundry Leaves ſtanding on brownish green Stalks by three, ſnipped about, and of a ſtrong un- pleaſant Savour: The Umbles of the Flowers are white, and the Seed blackiſh, the Root runneth in the Ground, quick- ly taking a great deal of Room. Place.] It groweth by Hedge and Wall-fides, and often in the Border and Corners of Fields, and in Gardens alſo. Time.] The Engliſh-Phyſician Enlarged. 155 Time.] It flowereth and feedeth about the End of July. Government and Virtues.] Saturn rules it: Neither is it to be ſuppoſed Goutwort hath its Name for nothing, but upon Experience to heal the Gout and Scia- tica; as alſo Jointachs, and other cold Gout, Sciatica, Joints, Griefs. The very bearing of it about one eaſeth the Pains of the Gout, and defends him that bears it from the Diſeaſe. , Gromel. F this I ſhall briefly deſcribe their Kinds, which are alike, though fomewhat different in their Manner and Form of growing: Deſcript.] The greater Gromel groweth up with flender hard and hairy Stalks, trailing and taking Root in the Ground, as it lieth thereon, and parted into many other ſmall Branches with hairy dark green Leaves thereon. At the Joints with the Leaves come forth very ſmall blue Flowers, and after them hard ftony roundiſh Seed. The Root is long and woody, abiding the Winter, and ſhooteth forth freſh Stalks in the Spring. The ſmaller wild Gromel ſendeth forth divers upright hard branched Stalks two or three Feet high, full of Joints at every of which groweth ſmall, long, hard, and rough Leaves like the former, but leſſer; among which Leaves come forth ſinall, white Flowers, and after them greyiſh round Seed like the former; the Root is not very big, but with many Strings thereat. The Garden Gromel hath divers upright, ſlender, woody, hairy Stalks, blown and creſſed, very little branched, with Leaves like the former, and whiteFlowers; after which, in rough brown Huſks, is contained a white, hard,round Seed, ſhining likePearls, and greater than either of the former; the Root is like the firſt deſcribed, with diversBranches and Sprigs thereat, which continueth (as the firſt doth) all the Winter. Place.] The two firſt grow wild in barren or untilled Places, and by the Way-fides in many places of this Land. The laſt is a Nurſling in the Gardens of the Curious. Time.] They all flower from Midſummer until September fometimes, and in the mean Time the Seed ripeneth. 156 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Stone, Government and Virtues.] The Herb belongs to Dame Ver nus; and therefore if Mars caute the Gravel, Cholick or Stone, as uſually he doth, Strangury, Travail if in Virgo, this is your Cure. There , . in Women. are accounted to be of as fingular force as any Herb or Seed whatſoever, to break the Stone and to void it, and the Gravel either in the Reins or Bladder, as alſo to provoke Urine being ſtopped, and to help the Strangury. The Seed is of greateſt Uſe, be- ing bruiſed and boiled in white Wine or in Broth, or the like, or the Powder of the Seed taken therein. Two Drams of the Seed in Powder taken with Womens Breaſt Milk, is very effectual to procure a very ſpeedy Delivery to ſuch Women as have fore Pains in their Travail, and cannot be delivered: The Herb itſelf, (when the Seed is not to be had) either boiled, or the Juice thereof drank, is effectual to all the Pur. poſes aforeſaid, but not ſo powerful or fpeedy in Operation. Gooſeberry Buſh. CH Alled alſo Feapberry, and in Suffex Dewberry Buſh, and in ſome Counties Wineberry. Government and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of Venus. The Berries, while they are unripe, being ſcalded, or baked, are good to itir up a fainting Appetite, Stomach, or decayed Appetite, eſpecially fuch Womens Longing, whoſe Stomachs are afflicted by cho- Inflammations, Swel- lerick Humours: They are excellent lings, St. Anthony's good to ſtay Longings of Women with Fire, Stomach, Child. They may eaſily keep them Liver, Stone, preſerved with Sugar all the Year long. Gravel, Stone. The Decoction of the Leaves of the Tree cools hot Swellings and Inflam- mations; as alſo St. Anthony's Fire. The ripe Goofberries being eaten, are an excellent Remedy to allay the violent Heat both of the Stomach and Liver. The young and tender Leaves break the Stone, and expel Gravel both from the Kidneys and Blad ler. All the Evils they do to the Body of Man is, they are ſuppoſed to breed Crudities, and by Cru- dities, Worms. Winter The Englith Phyſician Enlarged. 157 Winter-Green. T a a Deſcript.) HIS ſends forth ſeven, eight, or nine Leaves from a ſmall brow creeping Root, every one ſtanding upon a long Foot ſtalk,which are almoſt as broad as long,round pointed, of a ſad green Colour, and hard in hand- . ling, and like the Leafof a Pear-Tree; from whence ariſeth flender weak Stalk, yet ſtanding upright, bearing at the Top many ſmall white and ſweet ſmelling Flowers, laid open like a Star, conGfting of five round pointed Leaves, with many yellowiſh Threads ſtanding in the Middle about a green Head, and a long Stalk with them, which in Time groweth to be the Seed-Veſſel, which being ripe is found five-ſquare, with a ſmall Point at it, wherein is contained Seed as ſmall as Duit. Place.] It groweth feldom in Fields, but frequent in the Woods Northwards, viz. in Yorkſhire, Lancaſhire, and Scot- land. Time.] It flowereth about June and July. Government and Virtues.] Winter-green is under the Domi- 'nion of Saturn, and is a ſingular good Wound-Herb, and an eſpecial Remedy for to heal green Wounds ſpeedily, the green Leaves be- Wounds, Ulcers, Kid- ing bruiſed and applied, or the Juice neys, Bladder, Flux, , of them. A Salve made of the green Bloody-Flux, Terms Herb ſtamped, or the Juice boiled with flops, Inflammations, Hog's Lard, or with Sallad Oil and Cankers, Fiſtulas. Wax,and ſome Turpentine added unto it, is a ſovereign Salve, and highly extolled by the Germans, who much uſe it to heal all Manner of Wounds and Sores. The Herb boiled in Wine and Water, and given to drink to them that have any inward Ulcers in their Kidneys, or Neck of the Bladder, doth wonderfully help them. It ſtayeth all Fluxes, whether of Blood or Humours, as the Laik, Bloody Fluxes, Womens Courſes, and bleeding of Wounds, and taketh away any Inflammations riſing upon Pains of the Heart; it is no leſs helpful for foulUlcers hard to be cured; as alſo for Cankers or Fiſtulas. The diſtilled Water of the Herb doth effectually perform the ſame Things. H Groundſel 158 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. O Groundfel. Deſcript.] UR common Groundſel hath a round green and ſomewhat brownish Stalk, ſpreading toward, the Top into Branches, ſet with long and ſomewhat narrow green Leaves, cutin on the Edges, ſomewhat like the Oak-Leaves, but leſſer, and round at the End. At the Tops of the Branches ftand many ſmall green •Heads, out of which grow many ſmall, yeilow Threads or Thumbs, which are the Flowers, and continue many Days blown in that manner, before it paſs away into Down, and with the Seed is carried away in the Wind. The Root is ſmall and thready, and ſoon periſheth, and as ſoon riſeth a- gain of its own ſowing, ſo that it may be ſeen many Months in the Year, both green and in Flower, and Seed, for it will ſpring and feed twicein a Year at leaſt, if it be ſuffered in a Garden. Place.] This groweth almoſt every where, as well on Tops of Walls, as at the Foot, among Rubbiſh and untilled Grounds, but eſpecially in Gardens. Time.] It flowereth, as is ſaid before, almof in every Month throughout the Year. Government and Virtues.] This Herb is Venus's Miſtreſs- piece,and is as gallant an univerſal Medicine for all Diſeaſes coming of Heat, wherefoever they be, or in what Part of the Body ſoever they be, as the Sun fhines upon ; it is very fafe and friendly to the Body of Man; yet cauſeth vomiting if the Stomach be aflicted; if not, purging; and it doth it with more Gentleneſs than can be expected; it is moiſt, and ſome- thing cold withal, thereby cauſing Expulfion, and repreffing the Heat cauſed by the Motion of the internal Parts in Purges and Vomits. Lay by our learned Receipts; take ſo much Sena, ſo much Scammony, ſo much Colocynthis, ſo much Infufion of Crocus Metallorum, &c. This Herb alone pre- ſerved in a Syrup, in a diſtilled Water, or in an Ointment, ſhall do the Deed for you in all hot Diſeaſes, and ſhall do it, 1. Safely, 2. Speedily. The Decoction of the Herb (ſaith Dioſcorides) made with Wine, and drank, helpeth the Pains of the Stomach,proceed- ing of Choler (which it may well do Cboler in the Stomach, by a Vomit) as daily Experience yellow Jaundice, Fal- fheweth. The Juice thereof taken in lino Sickneſs, Dyſury, Drink, or the Decoction of it in Ale, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 159 а gently performeth the ſame. It is good Gravel, Sciatica, Chie againſt the Jaundice and Falling-lick- lick, Liver, Termspro- neſs, being taken in Wine; as alſo a- vokes,Womens Breaſts gainft Difficulty of making Water. It PrivyParts, Arte ies, provokes Urine,expelleth Gravel in the Joints and Sinews Reins or Kidneys; a Drachm thereof over-heated, Kernels, given in Oxymel, after ſome walking Wounds in the Si- or ſtirring of the Body. It helpeth news, Inflammations alſo the Sciatica, griping of the Belly, in the Eyes. and the Cholick; helpeth the Defects of the Liver, and provoketh Womens Courſes. The freſh Herb boiled, and made into a Poultice, applied to the Breaſts of Women that are ſwoln with Pain and Heat, as alſo the Privy-parts of Man or Woman, the Seat or Fundament, or the Arteries, Joints, and Sinews, when they are infiamed and fwoln, doth much eaſe them; and uſed with ſome Salt, help- eth to diſſolve Knots or Kernels in any part of the Body. The Juice of the Herb, or (as Diofcorides faith) the Leaves and Flowers, with ſome fine Frankincenſe in Powder, uſed in Wounds of the Body, Nerves or Sinews, do fingularly help to heal them. The diſtilled Water of the Herb performeth well all the aforeſaid Cures, but eſpecially for Inflamma- tions or Watering of the Eyes, by Reaſon of the Defluction of Rheum unto them. Heart's-Eaſe. HIS is that Herb which ſuch Phyſicians as are licenſed to blaſpheme by authority, without Danger of having their Tongue burned through with an hot Iron, called an Herb of the Trinity. Itis alſo called by thoſe that are more moderate, Three Faces in a Hood, Live in Idleneſs, Cull me to you; and in Suſſex we call them Pancies. Place.] Beſides thoſe which are brought up in Gardens, they grow commonly about wild, in the Fields, eſpecially in ſuch as are very barren : fometimes you may find it on the Tops of the high Hills. Time.) They flower all the Spring and Summer long. Government and Virtuese] The Herb is really Saturnine, ſomething cold, viſcous, and ſlimy. A ſtrong Decoction of the Herbs and Flowers (if you will, you may make it into Syrup, or diſtill it in an Alembick, with what Vehicle you pleaſe H 2 16о The Engliſh Pkyſician Enlarged. French Pox, Convul- pleaſe) is an excellent Cure for the focus, Falling-Sickneſs French Pox, the Herb being a gallant Inflammations in the Antivenerean; and thatAntivenereans Breaſt and Lungs, are the beſt Cure for that Diſeaſe, far Pleuriſy, Scabs, Itch.. better and ſafer than to torment them with the Flux, divers foreign Phyfici- ans have confeſſed. TheSpirit of it is excellent good for the Convulſions in Children, as alſo for the Falling-fickneſs, and a gallant Remedy for the Inflammation of the Lungs and • Breaſts, Pleuriſy, Scabs, Itch, &.c. It is under the celeſtial Sign Cancer. Artichokes. T: HE Latins call them Cinera, only our College calls them Artichocus. Government and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of Venus, and therefore it is no Marvel if they provoke Luft much, as indeed they do, being fome- Luft provokes, notur- thing windy Meat; andyet they ſtaythe nal Pollution, pürge involuntary Courſe or natural Seed in by Urine. Man,which is commonlycalled noctur- nal Pollutions. And here I care not greatly if I quote a little of Galen’s Nonſenſe in his Treatiſe of the Faculties of Nouriſhment. He faith, they contain plenty of cholerick Juice (which notwithſtanding I can ſcarcely be- lieve) of which he faith is engendered melancholy Juice, and of that melancholy Juice thin cholerick Blood. But to pro- ceed; this is certain, that the Decoction of the Root boiled in Wine,or theRoot bruiſed and diſtilled in Wine in an Alem- bick, and being drank, purgeth by Urine exceedingly. Harts-Tongue. HIS hath divers Leaves ariſing from the Root, Defcript.] every one ſeverally, which fold themſelves in their firſt ſpringing and ſpreading; when theyare full grown, are about a Foot long, ſmooth and green above, but hard and with little Sap in them, and ſtreaked on the Back, thwart on both sides of the middle Rib, with ſmall and ſomewhat long and browniſh Marks; the Bottoms of the Leaves are a little bowed on each side of the middle Rib,fomewhat narrow with the The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 161 every Year. the Length, and ſomewhat ſmall at the End. The Root is of many black Threads, folded or interlaced together. Time.] It is green all the Winter ; but new Leaves ſpring Government and Virtues.] Fupiter claims Dominion over this Herb, therefore it is a fingular Remedy for the Liver, both to ſtrengthen it when weak, and eaſe it when afflicted, it is no Matter by what; you thail do well to keep it in a Syrup all the Year : For tho’Authors ſay it is green all the Year, I ſcarce. believe it. Harts Tongue is much commended againſt the Hardneſs and Stoppings of the Spleen and Liver, and againſt the Heat of the Liver and Stomach, and againſt Laiks,and the BloodyFlux. Spleen, Liver, Flux, The diſtilled Water thereofis alſo very Bloody Flux, Hic- good againſt the Paſſions of the Heart, cough, Gums, veno- and to ſtay the Hiccough, to help the mous Beaſis. falling of the Palate, and to ſtay the bleeding of the Gums, being gargled in the Mouth. Dicſco- rides faith, it is good againſt the finging or biting of Ser- pents. As for the Ule of it, my Direction at the latter Eni will be ſufficient, and enough for thoſe that are ftudious in Phyſick, to whet their Brains upon for one Year or two. HA , a Hazel-Nut. Azel Nuts are ſo well known to every Body, that they need no Deſcription. Government and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of Mercury. The parted Kernels made into an Electuary, or the Milk drawn from the Kernels with Mead or honeyed Water, is very good to help an old Cough ; and being parched, and a littlePepper Cough,Phthific,Flux, put to them and drank, digeiteth the Terms ſtops. Diftillations ofRheum from the Head. The dried Huſks and Shells, to the Weight of two Drachms, taken in red Wine, ſtayeth Laks and Womens Courſes, and ſo doch the red Skin that covers the Kernels, which is more effectual to ſtay Womens Courſes. And if this be true, as it is, then why ſhou'd the Vulgar ſo familiarly affirm, that eating Nuts cauſeth Shortneſs of Breath, than which nothing is falfer? For, how can that which ſtrengthens the Lungs, cauſe Shortneſs of Breath? H2 I con- 162 The Engliſh Phyſicien Enlarged. I confeſs, the Opinion is far older than I am; I knew Tradi. tion was a Friend to Error before, but never that he was the Father of Slander: Or areMens Tongues ſo given to flander- ing one another, that they muſt flander Nuts too, to keep their Tongues in uſe? If any thing of the Hazel Nut be ftop- ping, it is the Huſks and Shells, and no Body is ſo mad to eat them, unlefs phyfically; and the red Skin which covers the Kernel, you may eaſily pull off. And fo thus have I made an Apology for Nuts, which cannot ſpeak for themſelves. Hawk-weed. Deſcrip. Ground, much rent or torn on the sides into T hath many large Leaves lying upon the Galhes like Dandelion, but with greater Parts, more like the fmooth Sow Thiſtle, from among which riſeth a hollow, rough Stalk, two or three Feet high, branched from the Middle upward, whereon are ſet at every Joint longer Leaves, little or nothing rent or cut, bearing on their Top ſundry pale, yellow Flowers, conſiſting of many ſmall, narrow Leaves, broad pointed, and nicked in at the Ends, fet in a , double Row or more, the cutermoft being larger than the inner, which from moſt of the Hawk-weeds (for there are ma- ny kinds of them) do hold, which turn into Down, and with the ſmall browniſh Ceed is blown away with the Wind. The Root is long, and fomewhat greater, with many fmall Fi- bres thereat. The whole Plant is full of bitter Milk. Place.] It groweth in divers Places about the Field-fides, and the Path-ways in dry Grounds. Time.] It flowereth and flies away in Summer Months. Government and Virturs. Saturn ownsit. Hawk-weed(faith Dioſcorides) is cooling, fomewhatdrying Cools, dries, binds, andbinding, and therefore good for the gnawing in the Sto- Heat of the Stomach, and gnawings much, Inflammations, therein ; and Inflammations, and the Agues, Crudities, D;- hot Fits of Agues. The Juice thereof Jury, venomous Beofts, in Wine, helpeth Digeſtion, diſcuſſeth Poon, Dreply,Flegn, Wind, hindereth Crudities abiding in Cholick, Spleen the Stomach, and helpeth the Diff- -watching, Luft pops, culty of making Water, the biting of Dreams, venomous Serpents, and itinging of Reins, Bladder. the Scorpion, if the Herb be al- fo venerous The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 163 fo outwardly applied to the Place, and is very good againſt all other Poiſons. A Scruple of the dried Root given in Wine and Vinegar, is profitable for thoſe that have the Dropſy. The Deco&tion of the Herb taken with Honey, digefteth the Phlegm in the Cheſt or Lungs, and with Hyſlop helpeth the Cough. The Decoction thereof, and of wild Succory, made wich Wine, and taken, helpeth the Wind Cholick and Hard- neſs of the Spleen ; it procureth Reſt and Sleep, hindereth Venery and venerous Dreams, cooling Heats, purgeth the Stomach, increaſeth Blood, and helpeth the Diſeaſes of Reins* and Bladder. Outwardly applied, it is fingularly good for all the Defects and Diſeaſes of the Eyes, uſed with ſome Womens Milk ; and Eyes, Ulcers, Burn- uſed with good Succeſs in fretting or ings, Inflammations, creeping Ulcers, eſpecially in the Be- St. Anthony's Fire, ginning. The Green bruiſed, andwith Heat, ſalt Phlegm, a little Salt applied to any Place burnt Convulfions, Cramp, with Fire, beforeBliſters do ariſe, help- Morphetu, Freckles, eth them ; as alſo Inflammations, St. Spots, Wrinkles. Anthony's Fire, and all Puſhes and E- ruptions, hot and ſalt Phlegm. The ſame applied with Meal and fair Water in manner of a Poultice, to anyplace affected with Convulſions and the Cramp, ſuch as are out of Joint, doth give Help and Eaſe. The diſtilled Water cleanſeth the Skin, and taketh away Freckles, Spots, Morphew,or Wrin- kles in the Face. I Hawthorn. Tis not my intent to trouble you with a Deſcription of this 'Tree, which is ſo well known that it needeth none. It is ordinarily but a Hedge Buſh, altho' being pruned and dreſſed, it groweth to a Tree of a reaſonable Height. As for the Hawthorn Tree at Glaſtenbury, which is ſaid to flower yearlyon Chriſtmas-day, it rather ſhews the Superftition of thoſe that obſerve it for the Time of its flowering, than any great Wonder, fith the like may be found in divers other Places of this Land; as in Whey-ftreet in Romney Marſh, and near unto Nantwich in Cheſhire, by a Place called Wie Green, where it flowereth about Chriſtmas and May. If the Weather be froſty, it flowereth not until January, or that the hard Weather be over. Govern- H4 364 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. ters, Thorns. IT Government and Virtues.] It is a Tree of Mars. The Seeds in the Berries beaten to Powder being drank in Wine,are held fingular good againſt the Stone,and are Stone, Droply, Flux, good for the Dropfy. The diſtilled inward Pains, Spline Water of the Flowers ſtayeth the Laſk, The Seed cleared from the Down, bruiſed and boiled in Wine,and drank, is good for inward tormenting Pains. If Cloths and Spunges be wet in the diſtilled Water, and applied to any place where- in Thorns and Splinters, or the like, do abide in the Fleſh, it will notably draw them forth. And thus you ſee the Thorn gives a Medicine for his own Pricking, and ſo doth almoſt every Thing elſe. Hemlock. Defcript.] THE common great Hemlock groweth up with a green Stalk, four or five Feet high, or more, full of red Spots ſometimes, and at the Joints very large winged Leaves fet at them, which are divided into many other winged Leaves one fet aga nit the other, dented about the Edges, of a fad green Colour, branched towards the Top, where it is full of Umbels of white Flowers, and afterwards with whitiſh flat Seed: The Root is long, white, and ſome- times crocked, and hollow within. The whole Plant, and every Part, hath a ſtrong, heady, and ill-favoured Scent, much cffending the Senſes. Place.] It groweth in all Counties of this Land, by Walls and Hedge Sides, in waſte Grounds and untilled Places. Timej It fioviereth and ſeedeth in July, or thereabouts. Government and Virtues.] Saturn claims Dominion over this Herb, yet I wonder why it may not be applied to the Privities in a Priapiſm, or continual fianding of the Yard, it being very beneficial to that Diſeaſe: I ſuppoſe, my Au- thor's Judgment was firſt upon the oppoſite Diſpoſition of Saturn to Venus in thoſe Faculties, and therefore he forbad the applying of it to thoſe Parts, that it might not cauſe Bar- renneis, or Ipoil the Spirit procreative ; which if it do, yet applied to the Privities, it ſtops its Lechery, Infiamma- luitful Thoughts. Hemlock is exceed- tions, St. Anthony's ingly cold, and very dangerous, eſpe- a cially The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 165 а. cially to be taken inwardly. It may Fire, I etters, Ring- ſafely be applied to Inflammations, Tu- worms, Eyes, Pin mours,and Swellings in any part of the and Web, Gout. Body(ſave the privy Parts) as alſo to St. Anthony's, Fire, Wheals, Puſhes, and creeping Ulcers that ariſe of hot ſharp Humours, by cooling and repelling the Heat; the Leaves bruiſed and laid to the Brow or Forehead are good for their Eyes that are red and ſwollen ; as alſo to take away a Pin and Web growing in the Eye; this is a tried Medicine : Take a ſmal Handful of this Herb, and half ſo- much Bay Salt, beaten together, and applied to the contrary Wriſt of the Hand, for 24 Hours, doth remove it in thrice dreſſing. If the Root thereof be roaſted under the Embers, wrapped in double wet Paper, until it be ſoft and tender,and then applied to the Gout in the Hands or Fingers, it will quickly help this Evil. If any thro' Miftake eat the Herb Hemlock inſtead of Parſley, or the Roots inſtead of a Parſnip (both of which it is very like) whereby happeneth a kind of Frenzy, or Perturbation of the Senſes, as if they were ſtupid and drunk, the Remedy is (as Pliny faith) to drink of the beſt and ſtrongeſt pure Wine, before it ſtrike to the Heart,orGen- tian put in Wine, or a Draught of Vinegar, wherewith Tragus doth affirm, that he cured a Woman that had eaten the Root. Hemp HIS is ſo well known to every good Houſewife in the Country, that I ſhall not need to write of it. Sime.] It is ſown in the End of March, or Beginning of April, and is ripe in Auguſt or September. Government and Virtues.] It is a Plant of Saturn, and good for ſomethingelſe,you ſee, than to make Halters only. The Seed of Hemp con- Wind, Cough, Jaun- fumeth Wind, and by too much Uſe dice, Gall, Choler, thereof diſperſeth it ſo much, that it Flux,cholerick, Bleed- drieth up the natural Seed for Pro- ing Worms, Earwigs, creation; yet, being boiled in Milk, Inflammations, Gout, and taken, helpeth ſuch as have Sinews forunk. HS a hot 166 The Englith Pbyſician Enlarged. a hot dry Cough. The Dutch make an Emulſion out of the Seed, and give it with good Succeſs to thoſe that have the Jaundice, eſpeciallyin the Beginning of the Diſeaſe, if there be no Ague accompanying it, for it openeth Obftruétions of the Gall, and caufeth Digeſtion of Choler. The Emulſion or Decoction of the Seed ſtayeth Larks and continual Fluxes, eaſeth the Cholick, and allayeth the troubleſome Humours in the Bowels, and ſtayeth Bleeding at the Mouth, Noſe,or other Places, ſome of the Leaves being fried with the Blood of them that bleed, and io given them to eat. It is held very good to kill the Worms in Men or Beaſts: and the Juice dropped into the Earskilleth Worms in them; and draweth forth Earwigs, or other living Creatures gotten into them. The Decoction of the Root allayeth Inflammations of the Head, or any other Parts; the Herb itſelf, or the diſtilled Water thereof, doth the like. The Decoction of the Roots eaſeth the Pains of the Gout, the hard Humours of Knots in the Joints, the Pains and Shrinkings of the Sinews, and the Pains of the Hips. The fresh Juice mixed with a little Oil and Butter, is good for any Place that hath been buret with Fire, being thereto applied. Henbane. Defcript.] UR common Henbane hath very large, thick, fcft, woolly Leaves, lying on the Ground, much cut in, or torn on the Edges, of a dark, ill greyifh. green Colour; among which ariſe up divers thick and thort Stalks, two or three Feet high, ſpread into divers ſmaller Branches, with leffer Leaves on them, and many hollow Flowers, ſcarce appearing above the Hul, and uſually torn on one side, ending in five round Points, growing one above another, of a deadith yellowiſh Colour, ſomewhat paler towards the Edges, with many purpleifh Veins therein, and of a dark, yellowiſhPurple in the Bottom of the Flower, with a ſmall Point of the fame Colour in the Middle, each of them ſtanding in a hard cloſe Huſk, which after the Flowers is paft, groweth very like the Huſk of Afarabacca, and ſome- what ſharpatthe top Points, wherein is contained much ſmall Seed, very like Poppy Seed, but of a duſky, greyiſh Colour. The Root is great, white, and thick, branching forth divers Ways under Grourds, ſo like a Parſnip Root (but thatit is a a not The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 167 not ſo white) that it hath deceived others. The whole Plant, more than the Root, hath a very heavy, ill, ſoporiferous Smell, ſomewhat offenſive. Place.] It commonly groweth by the Way fides, and under Hedge-fides and Walls, Time.] It flowereth in July, and ſpringeth again yearly of its own Seed. I doubt my Authors miftook July for June, if not for May. Government and Virtues.] I wonder in my Heart how Aftro- logers could take on them to make this an Herb of Jupiter ;. and yet Mezaldus, a Man of a penetrating Brain, was alſo of that Opinion as well as the reſt; the Herb is indeed un- der the Dominion of Saturn, and I prove it by this Argu- ment: All the Herbs which delight moſt to grow in Saturnine Places, are Saturnine Herbs. But Henbane delights moft to grow in Saturnine Places, and whole Cart Loads of it may be found near the Places where they empty the common Jacks, and ſcarce a Ditch to be found without it growing by it. Ergo, it is an Herb of Saturn. The Leaves of Henbane do cool all Inflammations, Cods, hot Inflammations in the Eyes, or any Womens Breaſts, Sci- other Part of the Body; and are good atica, Gout, Joints, to aſſwage all manner of Swellings of Watching's, Deafneſs, the Cods, or Womens Breafts, or elſe Noiſe in the Ears, *where, if they be boiled in Wine, and Chilblains, Kibes. either applied themſelves, or the Fo- mentation warm ; it alſo affu ageth the Pain of the Gout, the Sciatica, and other Pains in the Joints which ariſe from a hot Cauſe. And applied with Vinegar to the Forehead and Temples, helpeth the Headach and Want of Sleep in hot Fevers. The Juice of the Herb or Seed, or the oil drawn from the Seed, does the like. The Oil of the Seed is helpful for Deafneſs, Noiſe, and Worms in the Ears, being dropped therein; the Juice of the Herb or Root doth the fame. The Decoction of the Herb or Seed, or both, kill- eth Lice in Man or Beaſt. The Fume of the dried Herb, Stalks and Seed, burned, quickly healeth Swellings, Chil- blains or Kibes in the Hands or Feet, by holding them in the Fume thereof. The Remedy to help thoſe that have taken Henbar 168 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Henbane is to drink Goat's Milk, honeyed Water, or Pine Kernels, with ſweet Wine; or, in the Abſence of theſe, Fen- nel Seed, Nettle Seed, the Seed of Creſſes, Muſtaru, or Ra- difh; as alſo Onions or Garlick taken in Wine, do all help to free them from Danger, and reſtore them to their due Temper again. Take Notice, that this Herb muſt never be taken inwardly; outwardly, an Oil, Ointment, or Plaifler of it, is moſt admi- rable for the Gout, to cool the venerealHeat of the Reins in the French Pox; to ſtop the Tooth- French Pox, Tooth- ach, being applied to the aking Side; ech. to allay all Inflammations, and to help the Diſeaſes before premiſed.. Hedge Hyffop Ivers Sorts there are of this Plant; the firſt of Deſcript.) D which is an Italian Ly Birth, and only nurſed up here in the Gardens of the Curious. Two or three Sorts are found commonly growing wild here; the Deſcription of two of which I fhall give you. The firſt is a ſmooth, low Plant, nct a Foot higb, very bitterin Tafe, with many ſquare Stalks, diverfly branched from the Bottom to the Top with divers Joints, and two ſmall Leaves at each Joint, broader at the Bottom than they are at the End, a little dented about the Edges, of a ſad green Colour, and full of Veins. The Flowers fand at the Joints, being of a fair purple Colour, with ſome white Spots in them, in Faſhion like thoſe of dead Nettles. The Seed is ſmall and yellow, and the Roots ſpread much under Ground. The ſecond feldom groweth half a Foot high, ſending up many ſmall Branches, whereon grow many fmall Leaves, fet one againſt the other, ſomewhat broad, but very thort. The Flowers are like the Flowers of the other in Faſhion, but of a pale reddiſh Colour. The Seeds are ſmall and yellowiſh. The Root ſpreadeth like the other, neither will it yield to its fellow one Ace of Bitterneſs. Place.] They grow in wet, low Grounds, and by the Wa- ter-fides; the lait may be found among the Bogs on Hamp- Arad Heath. Time.] They flower in June and July, and the Seed is Tupe preſently after. Go- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 169 Government and Virtues.] They are Herbs of Mars, and as cholerick and churlifh as he is, being moſt violent Purgers, eſpecially of Cho- Cholar,Phlegm,Drop- ler and Phlegm. It is not ſafe taking ly, Gout, Sciatica, them inwardly,unleſs they be well recti- Worms, Ulcers. fied by the Art of the Alchymiſt, and only the Parity of them given; ſo uſed they may be very helpful both for the Dropſy, Gout, and Sciatica ; outwardly uſed in Ointments they kill Worms, the Belly anointed with it, and are excellent good to cleanſe old and filthy Ulcers. Black Hellebore, T is alſo called Setter-wort, Setter-graſs, Bears-foot, , Chriſtmas heró, and Chriſtmas-flower. Deſcript.] It hath fundry fair green Leaves riſing from the Root, each of them ftanding about an Handful high from the Earth ; each Leaf is divided into ſeven, eight, or nine Parts, dented from the Middle of the Leaf to the point on both sides, abiding green all the Winter; about Chriſimas-time,if the Wea- ther be any thing temperate, the Flowers appear upon Foot- ſtalks, alſo conſiſting of five large, round, white Leaves a- piece, which ſometimes are purple towards the Edges, with many pale yellow Thrumbs in the Middle; the Seeds are di. vided ito ſeveral Ceils, like thoſe of Columbines, ſave only that they are greater ; the Seeds are in Colour black, and in Form long and round. The Root confifteth of numberleſs blackiſh Strings, all united into one Head. There is another Black Hellebore, which grows up and down in the Woods very like this, but only that the Leaves are ſmaller and narrower, and periſh in the Winter, when this doth not. Place.] The firſt is maintained in Gardens. The ſecond is ommonly found in the Woods in Northamptonſhire. Time.] The firſt flowereth in December or January; the ſe' cond in February or March. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Saturn, and there- fore no Marvel if it hath fome fullen Conditions with it, and would be far Melancholy, Quartan ſafer, being purified by the Art of the Agues, Madneſs, Fal- Alchymiſt, chan given raw. If any have ling Sickneſs, Leproſy, taken any Harm by taking it, the com- yellow & black fauna mon Cure is to take Goat's Milk: If dice, Gout, Sciatica you cannot get Goat's Milk, you muſt Terms provokes, U cers U make a Shift with ſuch as you can get. dead Fleſh, Cough, and The Roots are very effectual againſt all Poiſon in Cattle. و 170 The Engliſh Phyhcian Enlarged. , melancholy Diſeaſes, eſpecially ſuch as are of long ſtanding, as Quartan Agues, and Madneſs. It helps the Falling Sickneſs, and the Leproſy, both the Yellow and Black Jaundice, the Gout, Sciatica, and Convulſions; and truly this was found out by Experience, that the Root of that which groweth wild in our Country, works not fo churliſhly as thoſe do which are brought from beyond Sea, as being maintained by a more tem- perate Air. The Rooi, uſed as a Peffary, provokes the Terms exceedingly; alſo being beaten into Powder, and ſtrewed upon foul Ulcers, it conſumes the dead Fleſh, and inſtantly heals them; nay, it will help Gangrenes in the Beginning. Twenty Grains taken inwardly is a fufficient Doſe for one 'Time, and let that be corrected with half ſo much Cinnamon; Country People uſed to rowel the Cattle with it. If a Beaſt be trou- bled with a Cougn, or have taken any Poiſon, they bore a Hole thro' his Ear, and put a piece of the Root in it, this will help him in 24 Hours Time. Many other Uſes Farriers put to it which I ſhall forbear. Herb Robert. Defcript.] TT riſeth up with a reddiſh Stalk two Feet high, having divers Leaves thereon upon very long and reddiſh Foot-ſtalks, divided at the Ends into three or five di- vifions, each of them cut in on the Edges, fome deeper than others, and all dented likewiſe about the Edges, which fome- times turn reddiſh. At the Tops of the Stalks come forth divers Flowers made of five Leaves, much larger than the Doves Foot, and of a more reddiſh Colour; after which come black Heads, as in others. The Root is ſmall and thready, and fmelleth as the whole Plant, very ſtrong, almoſt ſtinking. Place.] This groweth frequently every where by the Way- fides, upon Ditch Banks, and waite Ground, whereſoever one goeth. Time.] It flowereth in June and July chiefly, and the Seed is ripe ſhortly after. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Venus. Herb Robert is commended not only againſt the Stone, but to ſtay Blood, where or howſoever flow- Stone, Bleeding, Ul- ing; it ſpeedily healeth all green cers in ihe Privities, Wounds, and is effecual in old Ulcers Terms ftops, Wounds in the Privy Parts, or elſewhere. You may perſuade yourſelf this is true, and alſo The Engliſh Phyſician -Enlarged. 171 a a a a a a alſo conceive a good Reaſon for it, do but conſider 'tis an Herb of Venus, for all it hath a Man's Name. Herb True-love, or One-Berry. Defcript.] ing Root running under the uppermoft Cruft of Rdinary Herb True-love, hath a ſmall creep- the Ground, ſomewhat like Couch Graſs Root, but not ſo white, ſhooting forth Stalks with Leaves, ſome whereof carry no Berries, the others do, every Stalk ſmooth without joints, and blackiſh green, rifing about half a Foot high, if it bear Berries, otherwiſe feldom ſo high, bearing at the Top four Leaves ſet directly one againſt another, in manner of a Croſs or Ribband tied (as it is called) in a True-loves Knot, which are each of them apart ſomewhat like unto a Night ſhade Leaf but fomewhat broider, having ſometimes three Leaves, fome- times five, ſometimes fix, and thoſe ſometimes greater than in others, in the middle of the four Leaves riſing up one ſmall ſlender Stalk, about an Inch high, bearing at the Tops there- of one Flower ſpread open like a Star, conſiſting of four ſmall and long narrow pointed Leaves of a yellowih green Colour, and four others lying between them leſſer than they ; in the middle whereof ſtands a round dark purpliſh Button or Head, compaſſed about with eight ſmall yellow mealy Threads with three Colours, making it the more conſpicuous, and lovely to behold. This Button or Head in the Middle, when the other Leaves are withered, becometh a blackiſh purple Berry, full of Juice, of the bigneſs of a reaſonable Grape, having with in it many white Seeds. The whole Plant is without any ma- nifeft Tafte. Place.] It groweth in Woods and Copſes, and ſometimes in the Corners or Borders of Fields, and waſte Grounds in very many Places of this Land; and abundantly in the Woods, Copſes,and other places about Chiſehurſt and Maidſtone in Kent. Time.) They fpring up in the Middle of April or May, and are in Flower ſoon after. The Berries are ripe in the End of May, and in ſome Places in June. Government and Virtues.] Venus owns Poiſon, Peftilence, Fe. it, the Leaves or Berries hereof are ef- vers,Witchcraft,Cho- fectual to expel Poiſon of all Sorts, lick, Wounds, Ulcers, eſpecially that of the Aconites. As alſo ſwellings in the Groin, the Plague, and other peftilential Dif- Cods and Privitie eaſes: Some have been helpen there- Inflammations, by, faith Matthiolus, that have lain long poſtemes. in a lingering Sickneſs. And others that by 172 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. by Witchcraft (as it was thought) were become half fooliſh, by taking a Drachm of the Seeds or Berries hereof in Powder every Day for 20 Days together, they were reſtored to their foriner Health. The Roots in Powder taken in Wine eaſeth the Pains of the Cholick ſpeedily. The Leaves are very ef- fecual as well for green Founds, as to cleanſe and heal up filthy old Sores and Ulcers; and is very powerful to diſcuſs all Tumours and Swellings in the Cods, privy Parts, or Groin, or in any Part of the Body, and ſpeedily to allay all Inflam- mations. The Leaves or the Juice applied to Felons, or thofe Nails of the Hands or Toes that have Impoſthumes or Sores gathered together at the Roots of them, healeth them in a 1hort Space. The Herb is not to be deſcribed for the Premiſes, but is fit. to be nouriſhed in every good Woman's Gardca. Hyffop. Yfiop is ſo well known to be an Inhabitant in every Gar- den, that it will ſave me Labour in writing a tion thereof. The Virtues are as follow. Temperature and Virtues.] The Herb is Jupiter's, and the Sign Cancer. It ſtrengthens all the Parts of the Body under Cancer and Jupiter; which what they may be, is found amply diſcourſed in my Afirological Judgment of Diſeaſes. Dioſcorides faith, that Hyſſop boiled with Rue and Cough, Shortneſs of Honey, and drank, helpeth thoſe that Breath, Wheezing, are troubled with Coughs, Shortneſs of grofs Humors, Yellow Breath, wheezing and rheumatick Di- Faundice, Worms, ftillations upon the Lungs; taken alſo Droply, Spleen, In- with Oxymel,it purgeth grofs Humours flammations, black and by Stool; and with Honey killeth blue Spots, Quinſy, Worms in the Belly; and with freſh and Toothach, Noiſe in new Figs bruiſed, helpeth to looſen the the Ears, venomous Belly, and more forcibly if the Root of Beaſts, Lice, Itching Flower-de-Luce and Creſſes be added of the Head, Falling thereto. It amendeth and cheriſheth the Sickneſi, Wounds. native Colour of the Body, ſpoiled by the Yellow Jaundice; and being taken with Figs and Nitre, helpech the Dropfy and Spleen; being boiled with Wine, it is good to waſh Inflammations, and taketh away the black and blue Spots and Marks that come by The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 173 by Strokes, Braiſes or Falls,being applied with warm water. It is an excellent Medicine for the Quinſy, or Swe'ling in the Throat, to waſh and gargle it, being boiled in Figs. It helpeth the Toothach, being boiled in Vinegar and gargled therewith. The hot Vapours of the Decoction taken by a Funnel in at the Ears, eafeth the Inflammation and ſinging Noiſe of them. Being bruiſed, and Salt, Honey, and Cum min Seed put to it, helpeth thoſe that are ftung by Serpents. The Oil thereof (the Head being anointed) killeth Lice, and taketh away Itching of the Head. It helpeth thoſe that have the Falling Sickneſs, which Way foever it be applied. It helpeth to expectorate tough Phlegm, and is effetual in all cold Griefs, or Diſeaſes of the Cheſt or Lungs, being taken either in Syrup or licking Medicine. The green Herb bruiſed and a little Sugar put thereto, doth quickly heal any Cut, or green Wounds, being thereunto applied. a Hops. TI a Heſe are ſo well known, that they need no Deſcription; I mean the manured Kind, which every good Huſband or Houſewife is acquainted with. Deſcript.] The wild Hop groweth up as the other doth, ramping upon Trees or Hedges, that ſtand next to them, with rough Branches and Leaves like the former, but it giveth ſmater Heads, and in far leſs Plenty than it, ſo that there is ſcarce a Head or two feen in a Year on divers of this wild Kind, wherein confifteth the chief Difference. Place.] They delight to grow in low moift Grounds, and are found in all parts of this Land. Time.] They ſpring not up 'till April, and lower not 'till the latter End of Fune; the Heads are not gathered 'till the Middle or latter End of September. Government and Virtues.] it is under the Dominion of Mars. This, in phyfical Operations, is to open Obſtruciions of the Liver and Spleen, to Liver, Spleen, 05- cleanſe the Blood, to looſen the Belly, fructions, Blood, Itch, to cleanſe the Reins from Gravel, and Reins cleanſeth, Scabs, provoke Urine. The Decoction of the French Pox, Teters, Tops of Hops, as well of the tame as Ringworms, Mor - the wild, worketh the ſame Effects. phew, Poiſon, Worms, In 174 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Terms provokes, In cleanfing the Blood they help to cure Dyſury, Yellow the French Diſeaſe, and all manner of Jaundice, Liver, Scabs, Itch, and other Breakings-out of Stomach, Agues. the Body; as alſo all Tetters, Ring- worms, and ſpreading Sores, the Morphew and all diſcolouring of the Skin. The Decoction of the Flow- ers and Tops, do help to expel Poiſon that any one hath drank. Half a Dram of the Seed in Powder taken in Drink, killeth Worms in the Body, bringeth down Womens Courſes, and expelleth Urine. A Syrup made of the Juice and Sugar, cureth the Yellow Jaundice, eaſeth the Headach that comes of Heat, and temperateth the Heat of the Liver and Sromach, and is profitably given in long and hot Agues that riſe in Choler and Blood. Both the wild and the manured are of one Property, and alike effectual in all the aforeſaid Diſeaſes. By all theſe Teſtimonies Beer appears to be better than Ale. Mars owns the Plant, and then Dr. Reafon will tell you how it performs theſe Actions. Horehound. Defcript.] Chairy Stalkos, half a Yard or two Feet high, fet Ommon groweth ſquare at the Joints with two round crumpled rough Leaves of a ſul- len hoary green Colour, of a reafonable good Scent, but a very bitter Taſte. The Flowers are ſmall, white, and gaping, fet in a rough, hard prickly Huſk round about the Joints, with the Leaves from the Middle of the Stalk upward, where- in afterward is found ſmall round blackiſh Seed. The Root is blackiſh, hard and woody, with many Strings, and abideth . Place.] It is found in many Parts of this Land, in dry Grounds, and waste green Places. Time.] It flowereth in and about July, and the Seed is ripe many Years, iAuguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mercury. A Decoction of the dried Herb, with the Seed, or the Juice of the green Herb taken with Honey, is a Difficulty of Breath, Remedy for thoſe that are purſy or ſhort Cou hs, Conſumption, winded, or have a Cough, or are fallen Phlegm, Terms into a Conſumption, either through long The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 175 long Sickneſs, or thin Diſtillations of provokes, After-birth, Rheum upon the Lungs. It helpeth to Wearineſs, Poiſon, expectorate tough Phlegm from the venomous Beaſts, Ul- Cheit, being taken from the Roots of cers, Sides, Eyes, Yel- Iris or Orris. It is given to Women low Jaundice, Ears, to bring down their Courſes, to expel Obſtructions of the their After-birth, and to them that have Liver and spleen, fore and long Travails; as alſo to thoſe hard Livers, Itch, that have taken Poiſon, or are ftung or Tetters, Worms, Dogs bitten by venomous Serpents. The Bitings, Womens Leaves uſed with Honey, purge foul Breafts, Thorns, Ulcers, ftay running or creeping Sores, Athmas. and the growing of the Fleſh over the Nails. It alſo helpeth Pains of the Sides. The Juice thereof with Wine and Honey, helpeth to clear the Eye-fight, and ſnuffed up into the Nottrils purgeth away the yellow Jaundice, and with a little Oil of Roſes dropped in the Ears, eaſeth the Pains of them. Galen faith, it openeth Obſtructions, both of the Liver and Spleen, and purgeth the Breaſts and Lungs of Phlegm; and uſed outwardly it both cleanſeth and digefteth. A Decoction of Horehound (faith Matthiolus) is available for thoſe that have hard Livers, and for ſuch as have Itches and running Tetters. The Powder hereof taken, or the Decoction, killeth Worms. The green Leaves bruiſed and boiled in old Hogs Greaſe unto an Oinment, healeth the Biting of Dogs, abateth the Swellings and Pains that come by any pricking of Thorns, or ſuch like Means; and uſed with Vinegar, cleanſeth and healeth Tetters. There is a Syrup made of Horehound to be had at the Apothecaries, very good for old Coughs, to rid the-tough Phlegm; as alſo to void cold Rheums from the Lungs of old Folks, and for thoſe that are afthmatick or ſhortwinded. Horſ tail. O a F that there are many kinds; but I ſhall not trouble you nor myſelf with any large Deſcription of them, which to do, were but as the Proverb is, To find a Knot in a Ruſh, all the Kinds thereof being nothing elſe but knotted Ruihes, fome with Leaves, and ſome without. Take the Deſcription of the moſt eminent Sort as followeth : Deſcript.] 176 The Engliſh Pbyſicion Enlarged. put into the Deſcript.) The great Horſetail at the firſt ſpringing hath Heads ſomewhat like thoſe of Aſparagus, and after grow to be hard, rough, hollow Stalks, jointed at ſundry Places up to the Top, a Foot high, ſo made as if the lower Parts were upper, where grow on each side a Buſh of ſmall long ruſhlike hard Leaves, each Part reſembling a Horſetail; from whence it was ſo called. At the Tops of the Stalks come forth ſmall Catkins, like thoſe of Trees. The Root creepeth under Ground, having Joints at fundry Places. Place.] This (as moſt of the other Sorts hereof) groweth in wet Grounds. Time] They ſpring up in April, and their blooming Cat. kins in Fulv, feeding for the moſt part in Auguſt, and then periſh down to the Ground, rifing afreſh in the Spring Government and Virtues.] The Herb is belonging to Saturn, get is very harmleſs, and excellent good for the Things fol- Jowing : Horſetail, the ſmoother rather than the rough, and the leaved rather than the bare, is moſt phyfical. It is very powerful to ſtanch Bleeding wherefoever, either inward or outward, the Juice or the Decoction thereof being drank, or the Juice, Decoction, or diſtilled Water, applied outwardly, It ſtayeth alſo all Sorts of Laiks and Bleeding, Fluxes, in- Fluxes in Man or Woman, and the piſ- award Ulcers, Terms fing of Blood, and healeth alſo not only ftops, Piling blood, the inward Ulcers, and the Excoriation Excoriations of the of the Entrails, Bladder, &c. but all Bladder, Ulcer, Kup- other Sorts of foul, moiſt and running tures, Wounds, Dyjury, Ulcers, and ſoon fodereth together the Stone, Stranjury, In- Tops of , green Wounds. It cureth all flommations, Cough, Ruptures in Children. The Decoction Pimples, red Face. the eof in Wine being drank, provok- eth Urine, and helpeth the Stone and Strangury; and the difilled Water thereof crank two or three times in a Day, and a ſmall Quantity at a time, alſo eaſeth the Entrails or Guts, and is effectual againſt a Cough that comes by Diſtillation from the Head. The Juice or difilled Water being warmed, and hot Inflammations, Pulles or red Wheals, and other Breakings-out in the Skin, being bathed therewith, doth help them, and doth no leſs eaſe the ſwelling Heat and Infian mation of the Fundament, or privy Parts in Men or Women. 2 Houfleck. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 177 Houſleek, or Sengreen. B OTH theſe are ſo well known unto my Countrymen, that I ſhall not need to write any Deſcription of them. Place.] It groweth commonly upon Walls and Houſe Sides, and flowereth in July. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Jupiter, and it is reported by Mezaldus, to preſerve what it grows upon from Fire and Lightning. Our ordinary Houſleek is good for all inward Heats, as well as outward, and in the Eyes or other Parts of the Body; a Poffet made with the Juice of Houſleek, is ſingular good in all hot Agues, for it cooleth and tempereth the Blood and Spirits, and quencheth the Thirſt; and alſo good to ſtay all hot Defluxions or ſharp and falt Rheums in the Eyes, the Juice Heat, Thirſt, Agues, being dropped into them, or into the Eyes, falt Rheums, Ears, helpeth them. It helpeth alſo Ears, Terms ſtop, In- other Fluxes of Humours in the Bowels flammations, Fluxes, and theimmoderate Courſes of Women. St. Anthony's Fire, It cooleth and reſtraineth all other hot Burnings, Scaldings, Inflammations, St. Anthony's Fire, Scald- Tetters Ringworms, ings and Burnings, the Shingles, fret- Coriis on the Hands ting Ulcers, Cankers, Tetters, Ring- and Feet, Headach, worms, and the like; and much eaſeth Frenzy, Watching, the Pain of the Gout proceeding from Bleeding, Nettles, an hot Cauſe. The Juice alſo taketh Bees. away Warts and Corns in the Hands or Feet, being often bathed therewith, and the Skin and Leaves being laid on them afterwards. It eaſeth alſo the Headach, and diſtempered Heat of the Brain in Frenzies, or through want of Sleep, being applied to the Temples and Forehead. The Leaves bruiſed and laid upon the Crown or Seam of the Head, ſtayeth Bleeding at the Nofe very quickly. The diſtilled Water of the Herb is profitable for all the Purpoſes aforeſaid. The Leaves being gently rubbed on any Place ftung with Nettles or Bees, doth quickly take away the Pain. Hound's 178 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Hound's Tongue. Deſcript.] THE great ordinary Hound's Tongue hath ma- ny long and ſomewhat narrow, foft, hairy, darkiſh green Leaves,lying on the Ground, ſomewhat like unto Buglofs Leaves, from amongſt which riſeth up a rough hairy Stalk about two Feet high, with ſome ſmaller Leaves thereon, and branched at the Tops into divers Parts, with a ſmall Leaf at the foot of every Branch, which is ſomewhat long, with ma- ny Flowers ſet along the fame, which Branch is crooked or turn- eth inwards before it flowereth, and openeth by Degrees as the Flowers do blow, which conſiſt of ſmall purpleiſh red Leaves of a dead Colour, riſing out of the Huſks wherein they ſtand with ſome Threads in the Middle. It hath ſometimes a white Flower. After the Flowers are paſt, there cometh rough flat Seed, with a ſmall Pointle in the Middle, eaſily cleaving to any Garment that it toucheth, and not ſo eaſily pulled off again. The Root is black, thick, and long, hard to break, and full of a clammy Juice, ſmelling ſomewhat ſtrong, of an evil Scent, as the Leaves alſo do. Place.] It groweth in moiſt Places of this Land, in wafe Grounds, and untilled Places, by Highway Sides, Lanes, and Hedge Sides. Time.] It flowereth about May or “Fune, and the Seed is ripe ſhortly after. Government and Virtues.] It is a Plant under the Dominion of Mercury. The Root is very effectually uſed in Pills, as well as the Decoction, or otherwiſe, to ſtay all ſharp and thiu Defiuxions of Rheum from the Head Eyes, Noſe, Stomach, into the Eyes or Noſe, or upon the Lungs, Shortneſs of Stomach or Lungs, as alſo for Coughs Breath, Mad Dogs, and Shortneſs of Breath. The Leaves Scalding, Burning, boiled in Wine (faith Diofcorides, but Hæmorrhoids Ulcers, others do rather appoint it to be made Wounds, French Pox. with Water, and do add thereto Oil and Salt) mollifieth or openeth the Belly downwards. It alſo helpeth to cure the Biting of a mad Dog, fome of the Leaves being alſo applied to the Wound: The Leaves bruiſed, or the Juice of them boiled in Hogs Lard, and applied, helpeth in falling away of the Hair, which cometh of hot and ſharp Humours; as alſo for any Place The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 179 FC Place that is ſcalded or burnt; the Leaves bruiſed and laid to any green Wound doth heal it up quickly, the Root baked under the Embers wrapped in Paſte or wet Paper, or in a wet double Cloth, and thereof a Suppofitory made, and put up into, or applyed to the Fundament, doth very effectually help , the painful Piles or Hæmorrhoids. The diſtilled Water of the Herbs and Roots is very good to all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, to be uſed as well inwardly to drink, as outwardly to waſh any fore Place ; for it healeth all manner of Wounds and Punc- tures, and thoſe foul Ulcers that ariſe by the French Pox. Mizaldus adds to this, that the Leaves !aid under the Feet, will keep the Dogs from barking at you; Hound's Tongue, becauſe it ties the Tongues of Hounds, whether it be true or not, I never tried ; yet I cured the biting of a mad Dog with this only Medicine. Holly, Holm, or Hulver Bulh. OR to deſcribe a Tree ſo well known is needleſs. Government and Virtues.] The Tree is really Saturnine. The Berries expel Wind, and therefore are held to be profit- able in the Cholick. The Berries have Expel Wind, Cholick, a ſtrong Faculty with them; for if you eat a Dozen of them in the Morning Fluxes, ftops the Phlegm, Fluxes,Bloody faſting when they are ripe and not dri- ed, they purge the Body of groſs and Terms, Bones broken, Mimbers clammy Phlegm ; but if you dry the of Berries, and beat them into Powder, Joint, Witchcraft. they bind the Body, and ſtop Fluxes, bloody Fluxes, and the Terms in Women. The Bark of the Tree, and alſo the Leaves, are excellent good, being uſed in Fomentations for broken Bones, and ſuch Members as are out of Joint. Pliny faith, the Branches of the Tree defend Houſes from Light- ning, and Men from Witchcraft. St. John's Wort. Deſcript.) Ommon St John's Wort ſhooteth forth browniſh, upright, hard, round Stalks, two Feet high, ſpreading many Branches from the Sides up to the Tops of them, with two fmall Leaves ſet one againſt another at every Place, which are of a deep green Colour, fomewhat like the Leaves of the leſſer Centaury, but narrow, and full of ſmall Holes out ) Cup 180 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Holes in every Leaf, which cannot be ſo well perceived, as when they are held up to the Light; at the Tops of the Stalks and Branches ftand yellow Flowers of five Leaves apiece with many yellow Threads in the Middle, which being bruiſed do yield a reddiſh Juice like Blood; after which come ſmall round Heads, wherein is contained ſmall blackiſh Seed ſmelling like Rofin. The Root is hard and woody, with divers Strings and Fibres at it, of a browniſh Colour, which abideth in the Ground many Years, ſhooting anew every Spring. Place.] This groweth in Woods and Copſes, as well thoſe ) that are ſhady, as open to the Sun. Time.] They flower about Midſummer, and in July, and their Seed is ripe in the latter End of July or Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Celeſtial Sign Leo, and under the Dominion of the Sun. It may be, if you meet with a Papiſt that is an Aſtrologer, he will tell you St. John made it over to him by a Letter of Attorney, eſpecially if withal he be a Lawyer alſo. St. John's Wort is as fingular a Wound Herb as any other whatſoever, either for inward Wounds, Hurts or Bruiſes, to be boiled in Wine, and drank; or prepared in Oil or Ointment, Wounds, Bruiſes, Ob- Bath or Lotion outwardly. It hath ſtructions, Swellings, Power to open Obſtructions, to dif- , fpitting and vomiting folve Swellings, to cloſe up the Lips of , Blood, Dyfury, Choler, Wounds, and to ſtrengthen the Parts venomous Beaſts, A- that are weak and feeble. The De- gues, Sciatica, Fall-. coction of the Herb and Flowers, but ing Sickneſs, Paly. of the Seed eſpecially, in Wine being drank, or the Seed made into a Pow- der, and drank with the Juice of Knotgraſs, helpeth all manner of ſpitting and vomiting of Blood, be it by any Vein broken inwardly, by Bruiſes, Falls, or however. The ſame heipeth thoſe that are bitten or ftung by any venomous Crea- ture, and is good for thoſe that are troubled with the Stone in the Kidneys, or that cannot make Water; and being applied, 'provoketh Womens Courſes. Two Drams of the Seed of St. John's Wort made into Powder, and drank in a little Broth, doth gently expel Choler, or congealed Blood in the Stomach. The Decoction of the Leaves and Seeds be- ing drank ſomewhat warm before the Fits of Agues, whe- ther they be Tertians, or Quartans, doth alter the Fits, and by often uſing, doth take them quite away. The Seed is much The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 181 much commended, being drank for forty Days together, to help the Sciatica, the Falling Sickneſs, and the Palfy. I Ivy. T is well known, to every Child almoſt, to grow in Woods upon the Trees, and upon the Stone Walls of Churches, Houſes, & c. and ſometimes to grow alone of it- ſelf, tho' but ſeldom. Time.] It Aowereth not until July, and the Berries are not ripe till Chriſtmas, when they have felt Winter Froits. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Sa- turn. A Pugil of the Flowers, which may be about a Drachm, (faith Dioſcorides) drank twice a Day in Red Wine, helpeth the Lalk, and Bloody Flux. It is an Enemy Flux, Bloody Flux, to the Nerves and Sinews, be.ng much Jaundice, Spitting taken inwardly, but very helpful unto Blood, Worms, Drunk- them, beịng outwardly applied. Pliny faith, the yellow Berries are good a- enneſs, Peſtilence, gainit the Jaundice; and taken before Swoon, Dyſury, Terms one be ſet to drink hard, preferveth Stitch, Headach, Ul- provokes, Spleen, from Drunkenneſs, and helpeth thoſe cers, Wounds, Burn- that ſpit Blood. And that the white Berries being taken inwardly, or ap- pblegm, Rheum, fore ings, Scaldings, Salt plied outwardly, killeth the Worms in the Belly. The Berries are a fin- Eyes. gular Remedy to prevent the Plague, as alſo to free them from it that have got it, by drinking the Berries thereof made into a Powder, for two or three Days together. They being taken in Wine, do certainly help to break the Stone, provoke Urine, and Womens Courſes. The freſh Leaves of Ivy, boiled in Vi- negar, and applied warm to the Sides of thoſe that are troubled with the Spleen, Ach, or Stitch in the Sides, do give much Eaſe: The ſame applied with ſome Roſewater, and Oil of Roſes, to the Temples and Forehead, eaſe the Head ach, tho' it be of long Continuance. The freſh Leaves boiled in Wine, and old filthy Ulcers hard to be cured wathed therewith, do wonderfully help to cleanſe and help them It alio quickly healeth green Wounds, as alſo it is effeétual to heal all Burn- irgs and Scaldings, and all kinds of Exulcerations coming ti ereby, or by fait Phlegm or Humours in other Parts of the Fody. The Jnice of the Berries or Leaves ſnuffed up into 1 the 182 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. FO a , the Noſe, purgeth the Head and Brain of thin Rheum that maketh Defluxions into the Eyes and Noſe, and curing the Ulcers and Stench therein ; the ſame dropped into the Ears, helpeth the old and running Sores of them; thoſe that are troubled with the Spleen, mall find much Eaſe by continual drinking out of a Cup made of Ivy, fo as the Drink may ſtand fome ſmall Time therein before it be drank. Cato faith, That Wine put into ſuch a Cup, will foak through it, by Reaſon of the Antipathy that is between them. ..There ſeems to be a very great Antipathy between Wine and Ivy; for if one have got a Surfeit by drinking of Wine, his ſpeedieft Cure is to drink a Draught of the fame Wine wherein a Handful of Ivy Leaves, being firſt bruiſed, have been boiled. Juniper Buſh. OR to give a Deſcription of a Buſh fo commonly known, is needleſs. Place.] They grow plentifully in divers Woods in Kent, Warney Commın near Brentwood in Eſſex, upon Finchley Com- mon without Highgate; hard by the New-found Wells near Dulwich, upon a Common between Mitcham and Croydon, in the Highway near Amerſpam in Buckinghamſhire, and many other Places. Time.] The Berries are not ripe the firſt Year, but continue green two Summers and one Winter before they are ripe; at which Time they are all of a black Colour, and therefore you ſhall always find upon the Buſh green Berries; the Berries are ripe about the Fall of the Leaf Government and Virtues.] This admi- Counter-Poiſon, Pefii- rable Solar Shrub is ſcarce to be pa- lence, Venomous Beaſts, rallelld for its Virtues. The Berries are Urine provoketh, Dy- hot in the third Degree, and dry but Jury, Strangury, Drop- in the firſt, being a moſt admirable sy, Terms provoketh, Counter-poiſon, and as great a Refifter Mother-Fits, Stomach of the Peſtilence, as any grows; they Wind expels, Cholick, are exceilent good againſt the Bitings Cough, Shortneſs of of Venomous Bealts, they provoke Breath, Conſumption, Urine exceedingly, and therefore Pains in Belly, Rup- are very available to Dyſuries and tures, Cramps, Convul- Stranguries. It is ſo powerful a fions, Speedy Delivery Remedy againſt the Droply, that the The Engliſh Pbyfcian Enlarged. 183 the very Lee made of the Aſhes of the to Women, Brain, Herb being drank, cures the Diſeaſe. Memory, Sight, 4gues, It provokes the Terms, helps the Fits Gout, Sciatica, Limbs of the Mother, ſtrengthens the Sto- ftrengthened, Scurryy, mach exceedingly, and expels the Wind. Fluxes ſtopped, Piles, Indeed there is ſcarce a better Reme- Worms, Itch,Scab, Lea dy for Wind in any Part of the Body, proſy, Stone, Appetite or the Cholick, than the Chymical Oil provoketh, Pally, Fal- drawn from the Berries; fuch Coun- ling-Sickneſs. try People as know not how to draw the Chymical Oil, may content themſelves by eating Ten or a Dozen of the ripe Berries every morning fafting. They are admirable good for a Cough, Shortness of Breath, and Con ſumption, Pains in the Belly, Ruptures, Cramps, and Con- vulſions. They give ſafe and ſpeedy Delivery to Women with Child, they ſtrengthen the Brain exceedingly, help the Memory, and fortify the Sight by ſtrengthening the Optick Nerves. They are excellent good in all Sorts of Agues, they help the Gout and Sciatica, and ſtrengthen all the Limbs of the Body. The Aſhes of the Wood is a ſpecial Remedy to ſuch as have the Scurvy, to rub their Gums with. The Berries ſtay all Fluxes, help the Hæmorrhoids or Piles, and kill Worms in Children. A Lee made of the Aſhes of the Wood, and the Body bathed with it, cures the Itch, Scabs and Leproſy. The Berries break the Stone, procure Appe. tite when it is loft, and are excellent good for all Paiſies, and Falling-ſickneſs. a Kidneywort, or Wall Wall Pennyroyal, or Wall Pennywort. Deſcript.] IT T hath many thick, flat, and round Leaves grow- ing from the Root, every one having a long Foot- ſtalk, faſtened underneath, about the Middle of it, and a little unevenly weaved ſometimes about the Edges, of a pale green Colour, and ſomewhat yellow on the upper Side like a Saucer; from among which riſe one or more tender, ſmooth, hollow Stalks half a Foot high, with two or three ſmall Leaves thereon, uſually not round as thoſe below, but ſomewhat long, and divi- ded at the Edges; the Tops are fomewhat divided into long Branches, bearing a Number of Flowers, fet round about a long Spike one above another, which are hollow and like a little Beli a I 2 of 184 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. of a whitiſh green Colour, after which come ſmall Heads, containing very ſmall browniſh Seed, which falling on the Ground, will plentifully ſpring up before Winter, it it have Moiſture. The Root is round and moft uſually ſmooth, grey- iſh without, and white within, having ſmall Fibres at the Head of the Root, and Bottom of the Stalk. Place.] It groweth very plentifully in many places of this Land, but eſpecially in all the Weſt Parts thereof, upon Stone and Mud Walls, upon Rocks alſo, and in ftony Places upön the Ground, at the Bottom of old Trees, and ſome- times on the Bodies of them that are decayed and rotten. Time ] It uſually forvereth in the Beginning of May, and the Seed ripeneth quickly after, ſheddeth itſelf; ſo that about the End of May, uſually the Leaves and Stalks are withered, dry, and gone until September, that the Leaves ſpring up again, and ſo abide all Winter. Government and Virtues.] Venus challengeth the Herb un- der Libra. The Juice or the diſtilled water being drank, is very effectual for all Inflammations and unnatural Heats, to cool a fainting hot Stomach, or a hot Inflammations, Pim- Liver, or the Bowels; the bruiſed ples, Redneſs, St. An- Herb, or the Places bathed with the thony's Fire, Kidneys Juice or diſtilled Water thereof, and hurt by the Stone, outwardly applied, healeth Pimples, Dyjury, Stone, Bloody Redneſs, St. Anthony's Fire, and other Flux, Piles, Hæmor- outward Heats and Inflammations. rhoids, Gout, Sciatica, The ſaid Juice or Water helpeth Cods, King's - Evil, much, alſo to heal fore Kidneys, Kibes, Chilblains. torn or fretted by the Stone, or ex- ulcerated within, and eafeth the Pains : It alſo provoketh Urine, and is available for the Dropfy, and helpeth to break the Stone, cooling the inflamed Parts, and other Pains of the Powels, and the Bloody Flux. It is fingular good to cool the painful Piles, or Hæmorrhoi- dal Veins, the Juice being uſed as a Bath unto them, or made into an Ointment. It is no leſs effectual to give Eaſe of Pains to the hot Gout, the Sciatica, and the Inflam- mations and Swellings in the Cods; it helpeth the Kernels or Knots in the Neck or Throat, called the King's Evil; healing Kibes and Chilblains if they be bathed with the Juice, or anointed with Ointment made thereof, and ſome of the Skin The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 185 Skin of the Leaf upon them; it is alſo uſed in to ſtay the Blood, and to heal them quickly. green Wounds Defcript.) T T every where. Knapweed. .] HE common Sort hereof hath many long and fomewhat broad dark green Leaves, riſing from the Root, dented about the Edges, and ſometimes a lit- tle rent or torn on both sides in two or three Places, and fome- what hairy withal; amongſt which ariſeth a long round Stalk, four or five Feet high, divided into many Branches, at the Tops whereof ſtand great ſcaly green Heads, and from the Middle of them thruſt forth a Number of dark purpleiſh red Thrumbs or Threads, which after they are withered and paſt, there are found divers black Seeds, lying in a great deal of Down, ſomewhat like unto a T'hiſtie Seed, but ſmaller; the Root is white, hard and woody, and divers Fibres annexed thereunto, which periſheth not, but abideth with Leaves there- on all the Winter, thooting out freſh every Spring. Place.] It groweth in incit Fields and Meadows, and about their Borders and Hedges, and in many waſte Grounds allo Time.] It aſually flowereth in June and July, and the Seed is ripe ſhortly after. Government and Virtues.] Saturn challengeth the Herb for his own. This Knapweed helpeth to ftay Fluxes, both of Blood at che Mouth or Noſe, or other outward Parts, and thoſe Veins that are inward. Fluxas, Bleeding, ly broken, or inward Wounds, as alſo Veins brokeit, Ptyfek, the Fluxes of the Belly; it Itayeth Dil.. Falls, Blows, Rup- tillations of thin and ſharp Humours tures, Sores, Cankers, from the Head upon the Stomach and Fiſtulas, Scabby Lungs, it is good for thoſe that are Head, fore Throat, bruis’dby any Fall, Blows, or otherwiſe. Uvula, Jaws. It is very profitable for thoſe that are burften, and have Ruptures, by drinking the Decoction of the Herb and Roots in Wine, and applying the fame outward- ly to the Place. It is fingularly good in all running Sores, can- cerous and fiftulous, drying up of the Moiſture, and healing them up gently, without Sharpneſs ; it doth the like to run- ning Sores of Scabs of the Head or other Parts. It is of ſpecial Ule for the Soreneſs of the Throat, ſwelling of the Uvula and Jaws, I 3 186 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Jaws; and excellent good to ſtay Bleeding, and heal up all green Wounds. ITS Knotgraſs. Tis generally known ſo well that it needeth no Deſcrip- tion. Pluce.] It groweth in every County of this Land, by the Highway Sides, and by Foot Patiis in Fields; as alſo by the sides of old Walls. Time.] It ſpringeth up late in the Spring, and abideth un- til the Winter, when all the Branches perifh. Government and Virtues.] Saturn ſeems to me to own the Herb, and yet ſome hold the Sun; out of doubt 'tis Saturn. The Juice of the common Kind of Knotgraſs is moit effe&tu- al to ſtay Bleeding at the Mouth, being drank in ſteeled or red Wine; and the Bleeding at the Nole, to be applied to the Forehead and Temples, or to be ſquirted up into the Noftrils. And no leſs effectual to cool and temper the Heat of the Blood and Stomach, and to ſtay any Flux of the Blood and Humours, as Lalks, Bloody Flux, Bleeding, Heat, Flux, Womens Courſes, and Running of Bloody Flux, Courſes the Reins. It is It is fingular good ta ftetid, Dyſury, Gra- provoke Urine, help the Strangury, vel, venomous Deafts, and allayeth the Heat that cometh Rheums, Worms, Cho- thereby; and is powerful by Urine ler, Heat, Infiamma- to expel the Gravel or Stone in the tions, Impoji humes, Kidneys and Bladuer, a Drachm of the Gangrenes, Fiftulas, Powder of the Herb being taken in Cankers, Ulcers, Ears, Wine for many Days together: Pe- Wounds. ing boiled in Wine and drank, it is profitable to thoſe that are ftung or bitten by venomous Creatures, and very effetual to 1.ay all Defluxions of Rheumatick Humours upon the Stomach, and killeth Worms in the Eelly or Stomach, quitteth inward Pains that ariſe from the Heat, Sharpneſs and Corruption of Blood and Choler. The diſtilled Water hereof taken by itſelf or with the Powder of the Herb or Seed, is very effectual to all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, and is accounted as one of the moſt fovereign Remedies to cool all manner of Inflammations, breaking out through Heat, hot Swellings and Impofthuma- tions, Gangrene and fiftulous Cankers, or foul filthy Ulcers, being applied or put into them; but eſpecially for all sorts of a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 187 a of Ulcers and Sores happening in the Privy Parts of Me" and Women. It helpeth all freſh and green Wounds, and ſpeedily healeth them. The Juice dropped into the Ears, cleanſeth them being foul, and having running Matter in them. It is very prevalent for the Premiſes; as alſo for broken Joints and Raptures. Ladies-Mantle. TT hath many Deſcripting upon long hairy Foot ítalks, being almoſt Leaves riſing from the Root ſtand- round, and a little cut on the Edges, into eight or ten Parts more or leſs, making it ſeem like a Star, with ſo many Cor- ners, and Points, and dented round about, of a light green Colour, ſomewhat hard in handling, and as if it were folded or plaited at firſt, and then crumpled in divers Places, and a little hairy, as the Stalk is alſo, which riſeth up among them to the Heighth of two or three Feet, with ſuch like Leaves there- on, but ſmaller; and being weak is not able to ſtand upright, but ben eth to the Ground, divided at the Top into two or three finall Branches, with ſmall yellowiſh green Heads and Flowers of a whitish Colour, breaking out of them; which being paſt, there cometh a ſmall yellowiſh Seed like a Poppy Seed: The Root is ſomewhat long and black, with many Strings and Fibres thereat. Place.] It groweth naturally in many Paſtures and Wood Sides in Hertfordſhire, Wiltſhire, and Kent, and other Places of this Land Time.] It Aowereth in May and June, abideth after Seed- time green all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] Venus claims the Herb as her own. 1 adies-Mantle is very proper for thoſe Wounds that have In- flammations, and is very effectual to ftay Bleeding, Vomitings, Fluxes of all Inflammations, VO Sorts in Man or Woman, and Bruiſes by mitting, Bleeding, Falls or otherwiſe, and helpeth Rup- Fluxes, Bruiſes, Rup- tures, and ſuch Women or Maids as tures, flagging Breaſts, have over great flagging Breaſts, cau- Barrenneſs, Women , fing them to grow leſs and hard, being with Child. both drank and outwardly applied ; the diſtilled Water drank for twenty Days together help- eth Conception, and to retain the Birth; if the Woman do ſometimes alſo fit in a Bath made of the Decoction of the Herb.. It I A 188 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. It is one of the moſt fingular Wound Herbs that is, and there. fore highly prized and praiſed by the Germans,who uſe it in all Wounds inward and outward, to drink a Decoction thereof, and waſh the Wounds therewith, or dip Tents therein, and put them into the Wounds, which wonderfully drieth up all Humidity of the Sores, and abateth Inflammations therein. It quickly healeth all green Wounds, not ſuffering any Cor- ruption to remain behind, and cureth all old Sores, though fiftulous and hollow. Lavender. Eing an Inhabitant almoſt in every Garden, it is ſo well known, that it needech no Deſcription. Time.] It flowereth about the End of June, and Beginning of July. Government and Virtues.] Mercury owns the Herb, and it carries his Effects very potently. Lavender is of a ſpecial good Uſe for all the Griefs and Pains of the Head and Brain that proceed of a cold Cauſe, as the Apo- Heed, Brains, Apo- plexy, Falling fickneſs, the Droply, plesy,Falling fickneſs, or ſluggiſh Malady, Cramps, Convul- Lethargy, Convulſions fions, Palfies, and often Faintings. It Cramps, Pally, both strengthens the Stomach, and freeih dead and shaking, the Liver and Spleen from Obſtructi- Stomach, Spleen, Li-ons, provoketh Womens Courſes, and ver, provokes Terms, expelleth the dead Child and After- Chole ick, Vertigo.loſs Birth. The Flower of Lavender ſteep- of Vice, Trembling, ed in Wine, helpeth them to make Wa- Fainting ter that are ſtopped, or are troubled with the Wind or Cholick, if the Place be bathed therewith. A decoction made with the Flowers of Lavender, Hore-hound, Fennel and Aſparagus Root, and a little Cinnamon, is very profitably uſed to help the Falling-lickneſs, and the Giddineſs or turning of the Brain; to gargle the Mouth with the Decoction thereof, is good a- gainſt the Tooth-ach. Two ſpoonfuls of the diſtilled Water of the Flowers taken, helpeth them that have loſt their Voice, as alſo the Tremblings and Paffions of the Heart and Faintings and Swooning, not only being drank, but applied to the Tem- ples, or Noſtrils to be ſmelt unto; but it is not ſafe to uſe it where the Body is replete with Blood and Humours, becauſe of The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 189 of the hot and ſubtle Spirits wherewith it is poffeffed. The Chymical Oil drawn from Lavender, uſually called Oil of Spike, is of fo fierce and piercing Spirits, that it is cautiouſly to be a ſed, fome few Drops being ſufficient, to be given with other Things, either for inward or outward Griefs. Lavender Cotton. T being a common Garden Herb, I ſhall forbear the De- fcription, only take Notice, that it flowereth in June and July. Government and Virtu's.] It is under the Dominion of Mer- cury. It refifteth Poiſon, Putrefaction, and heals the Biting's of venomous Beaſts : A Drachm of the Powder of the dried Leaves taken every Morning faiting in any convenient Ve. hicle, ftops the Running of the Reins in Men, and Whites in Women. The Seed being beaten into Powder, and taken as Worm-feed Poiſon, Putrefaction, it kills the Worms, not only in Chil- Venomous Beofts, dren, but alſo in People of riper Years : Running of the Reins, the like doth the Herb itſelf, being Whites in Women, ſteeped in Milk, and the Milk drank; Worms, Scabs, Itch. the Body bathed with the Decoction of it, helps Scabs and Itch. Ladies-Smock, or Cuckow-Flowers.. Deſcriet." HE Root is compoſed of many ſmall white Threads, from whence ſpring up divers long Stalks of winged Leaves, conſiſting of round, tender, dark; green Leaves, ſet one againſt another upon a middle Rib, the greateſt being at the End, amongſt which ariſe up divers ten- der, weak, round, green Stalks, ſomewhat ftreaked, with long- , er and ſmaller Leaves upon them; on the Tops of which ſtand Flowers, almost like the Stock Gilliflowers, but round- er, and not ſo long, of a bluſhing, white Colour; the Seed is reddiſh, and groweth to ſmall Bunches, being of a ſharp, biteing Taite, and fo hath the Herb. Place. They grow in moiſt Places, and near to Brook-fides. Time.] They flower in April or May, and the lower Leaves continue green all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of the Moon, and very little inferior to Water Creffes in all 15 their TH 190 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. their Operations; they are excellent Scurvy, provoketh U. good for the Scurvy; they provoke rine, Stone, Stom ch, Urine, and break the Stone, and ex- loft Appetite, Indiget: cellently warm a cold and weak Sto- tion. mach, reſtoring loft Appetite, and help Digeſtion. Lettuce. TT T is fo well known, being generally uſed as a Sallet-Herb, that it is altogether needleſs to write any Deſcription thereof. Government and Virtues.] The Moon owns them, and that's the Reaſon they cool and moiſten what Heat and Dryneſs Mars caufeth, becauſe Mars hath his Fall in Cancer ; and they cool the Heat becauſe the sun roles it, between whom and the Moon is a Reception in the Generation of Man, as you may ſee in my Guide for Women. The Juice of Lettuce mixed or boiled with Oil of Roſes, applied to the Forehead and Tem- ples procureth Sleep and eaſeth the Watching, Head-ach, Head-ach proceeding of an hot Cauſe: Indigeſtion, Thirft, Being eaten boiled, it helpeth to loo- Milk increaſeth, Cho- fen the Belly. It helpeth Digeſtion, ler, Bowels, Luft, quencheth Thirſt, increaſeth Milk in , Veneretus Dreams, Nurſes, eaſeth griping Pains in the Sto- Inflammations, Heat mach or Bowels, that come of Choler. of Urine. It abateth bodily Luit, repreffeth Ve- nerous Dreams, being outwardly ap- plied to the Cods with a little Camphire. Applied in the ſame Manner to the Region of the Heart, Liver or Reins, or by bathing the faid Place with the Juice of diſtilled Water, wherein fome white Sanders, or red Roſes are put; alſo it not only repreſſeth the Heat and Inflammations therein, but com- forts and ſtrengthens thoſe Parts, and alſo temporeth the Heat of Urine. Galen adviſeth old Men to uſe it with Spice; and where Spices are wanting, to add Mints, Rochet, and fuch Ike hot Herbs, or elſe Citron, Lemon, or Orange Seeds, to abate the Cold of one and Heat of the other. The Seed and ciftilled Water cf the Lettuce work the fame Effects in all Things; but the Uſe of Lettuce is chiefly forbidden to thoſe that a e ſhort-winded, or have any imperfection in the Lungs, or ipit Blood. Water The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 191 O Water Lily F theſe there are two principally noted Kinds, viz. the White, and the Yellow. Defcrip.] The White Lily hath very large and thick dark green Leaves lying on the Water, ſuſtained by long and thick Foot-ſtalks, that riſe from a great, thick, round, and long tu- berous black Root, ſpongy or looſe, with many Knobs thereon like Eyes, and whitiſh within; from amidſt which riſe other the like thick green Stalks, fuftaining one large great Flower thereon, green on the Outſide, but as white as Snow within, conſiſting of divers Rows of long and ſomewhat thick and narrow Leaves, ſmaller and thinner the more inward they be, encompaſling a Head with many yellow Threads or Thrums in the Middle; where, after they are paſt, ftand round Poppy- like Heads, full of broad oily and bitter Seed. The Yellow Kind is a little different from the former, fave only th t it hath fewer Leaves on the Flowers, greater and more ſhining Seed, and a whitiſh Root, both within and without. The Root of both is ſomewhat ſweet in Taſte. Place.] They are found growing in great Pools, and ſtand- ing Waters, and ſometimes in flow running Rivers, and leffer Ditches of Water, in fundry Places of this Land. Time.] They fower moſt commonly about the End of May, and their Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The Herb is under the Dominion of the Moon, and therefore cools and moiſtens like the former. The Leaves and Flowers of the Water Lilies are cold and moiſt, but the Roots and Seeds are cold and dry; the Leaves do cool all Inflammations, I flammations, Agues. both outward and inward Heat of Agues; and fo do the Flowers alſo, either by the Syrup or Conſerve ; the Syrup helpeth much to procure Reſt, and to fettle the Brain of frantick Perſons, by cooling the hot Diftemperature of the Watching, Frenzy, Head. The Seed as well as the Root is Flux, Belly, Running effectual to ſtay Fluxes of Blood or of the Reins, Venery, Humours, either of Wounds or of the Freckles, Spots, Sun- Belly; but the Roots are moſt uſed, burn, Morpheus. fome cauſing the one, and ſome the other, to be more effe&tual to cool, bind, and reſtrain all Fluxes in Man or Woman, alſo Running of the Reins; and Palling 192 The Engliſh Pb-ſician Enlarged. paffing away of the Seed when one is aſleep; but the frequent Uſe hereof extinguiſheth venereous Actions. The Root is likewiſe very good for thoſe whoſe Urine is hot and ſharp, to be boiled in Wine or Water, and the Decoction drank. The diſtilled Water of the Flowers is very effe&tual for all the Diſeaſes aforeſaid, both inwardly taken, and outwardly applied, and is much commended to take away Freckles, ; Spots, Sunburn, and Morphew from the Face, or other Parts of the Body. The Oil made of the Flowers, as Oil of Roſes is made, is profitably uſed to cool hot Tumours, and to eaſe • the Pains, and help the Sores. . CAN Lily of the Valley. Alled alſo Conval Lily, Male Lily, and Lily Confancy. Defcript.] The Roots is ſmall, and creepeth far in the Ground, as Graſs Roots do. The Leaves are many, againſt which iſeth up a Stalk half a Foot high, with many white Flowers, like little Bells with turned Edges, of a ſtrong, tho' pleafing Smell; the Berries are red, not much unlike thoſe of Aſparagus. Place.] They grow plentifully upon Hampſtead Heath, and many other places in this Nation. Time.] They flower in May, and the Seed is ripe in Sep- temter. Temperature and Virtues.] It is under the Dominicn of Mercury, and therefore there is no Queſtion to be made but it firengthens the Brain, recruits a weak Brain, Memory, In- Menory, and makes it ſtrong again : fiammations in the The diililled Water dropped into the Eyes, Fin and Web, Eyes, helps. Inflammations there; as , lojt . Speech, Paly, alſo that Infirmity which they call a Apoplexy, Head, Vital Pin and Web. The Spirit of the Flow- Spirits, Gout. ers diſtilled in Wine, reſtoreth loft Speech, helps the Pally, and is exceed- ing good in the Apoplexy, comforteth the Heart and Vital Spirits. Gerrard laith, that the Flowers being cloſe ſtopped up in a Glaſs, put into an Ant-Hill, and taken away aga n a Month after, ye ſhall find a Liquor in the Glaſs; which, being outwardly applied, helps the Gout. White The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 193 1 ز you what White Lilies. T were in vain to deſcribe a Plant fo commonly known in every one's Garden; therefore I ſhall not tell they are, but what they are good for. Government and Virtues.] They are under the Dominion of the Moon, and by Antipathy to Mars expel Poiſon; they are excellent good in peftilential Fevers, the Roots being bruiſed and boiled in Wine, and the Decoction drank; for it expels the Venom to the exterior parts of the Body: The Juice of it being temper'd Poiſon, Peſfilential with Barley Meal, baked, and ſo eaten Fevers,Venom, Drop- for ordinary Bread, is an excellent ly, Scald Head, unites Cure for the Dropſy: An Ointment Sinews, Ulcers, After- being made of the Root, and Hogs Birth, Plague Sores, Greaſe, is excellent good for Scald Swellings in the Pri- Heads, and unites Sinews when they vities, Burnings, are cut; beſides the Virtue that it Scaldings, Hair re- hath to cleanſe Ulcers, it being of a ſtoreth. fine ſuppurating Quality: The Root boiled in any convenient Decoction,gives ſpeedy Delivery to Women in Travail, and expels the After Birth. The Root roaſted, and mixed with a little Hogs Greaſe, makes a gallant Poultice to ripen and break Plague Sores. The Cintment is excellent good for Swellings in the Privities, and will cure Burnings and Scaldings without a Scar, and trimly deck a black Place with Hair. Liquorice. Deſcript.] UR Engliſh Liquorice riſeth up with divers woody Stalks, whereon are ſet at ſeveral Dif- tances many narrow, long, green Leaves, ſet together on both Sides of the Stalk, and an odd one at the End, very well re- ſembling a young Afh-Tree ſprung up from the Seed. This by many Years Continuance in a place without removing, and not elfe, will bring forth Flowers, many ſtanding together Spike Faſhion, one above another upon the Stalk, of the Form of Peaſe-Bloſſoms, but of a very pale blue Colour, which turn into long, ſomewhat fat and ſmooth Cods, wherein is contained a ſmall, round, hard Seed: The Roots run down exceeding deep into the Ground, with divers other ſmall Roots and Fibres growing with them, and ſhoot out Suckers from the O a 194 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. the main Roots all about, whereby it is much increaſed, of a browniſh Colour on the Outſide, and yellow within. Place.] Itis planted in Fields and Gardens, in diversPlaces of this Land, and thereof good Profit is made. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Mercury. Liquorice boiled in fairWa- Cough, Hoar ſeneſs, ter, with ſome Maiden Hairand Figs, Phthyſack, Conſump- maketh a good Drink for thoſe that tior, Reins, Strangury, have a dry Cough or Hoarſeneſs, Heat of Urine, Eyes, Wheezingor Shortneſs of Breath and Biadder. for all the Griefs of the Breaſts and Lungs,PhthyfickorConſumptions cau- fed by the Distillation of falt Humours on them. It is alſo gocd in all Pains of the Reins, the Strangury, and Heat of Urine : The fine Powder of Liquorice blown thro' a Quill into the Eyes that have a Pin and Web (as they call it) or Rheumatick Diſtillations in them, doth cleanſe and help them: The Juice of Liquorice is as effectual in all the Dif- eaſes of the Breaſt and Lungs, the Reins and the Bladder, as the Decoction. The Juice diſtilled in Roſe-water, with fome Gum Tragacanth, is a fine licking Medicine for Hoarſeneſs, Wheezing, &c. Liverwort. Liverwort Defeript.) muchopon the Ground inmoiſt and ſhadyplaces C with many ſmall green Leaves, or rather (as it were) ficking: flat one to another, very unevenly cut in on the Edges, and crumpled; from among which ariſe ſmall fer der Stalks an Inch or two high, at moſt, bearing ſmall Star-likeFlowers at the Top; the Roots are very fine and fmall. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Jua piter, and under the Sign Cancer. It is a ſingular good Herb for all the Diſeaſes of the Liver, both Liver, Inflamma- to cool and cleanſe it, and helpeth the tions, Yellow Jaun- Inflammations in any Part, and the dice, Spleen, Run- Yellow Jaundice likewiſe: Being ning of the Reins, bruiſed and boiled in Small Beer, and Whites, Tetters, drank, it cooleth the Heat of the Li- Ringworms, Sur- ver and Kidneys, and helpeth the Run. feits. ning of the Reins in Men, and the Whites in Women; it is a ſingular Remedy to ſtay the ſpreading of Tetters, Ringworms, and other The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 195 COM other fretting and running Sores and Scabs, and is an excel. lent Remedy for ſuch whoſe Lives are corrupted by Surfeits, which cauſe their Bodies to break out, for it fortifieth the Liver exceedingly, and makes it impregnable. Looſeſtrife, or Willowherb. Deſcript.] Ommon yellow Looſeſtrife groweth to be four or five Feet high or more, with great round Stalks a little creſted, diverfly branched from the Middle of them to the Tops,into great and long Branches, on all which at the Joints there grow long and narrow Leaves, but broader below,and uſually two at a Joint, yet ſometimes three or four, ſomewhat like Willow Leaves, ſmooth on the Edges, and of a fair green Colour from the upper Joints of the Branches, and at the Tops of them alſo ſtand many yellow Flowers of five eaves a-piece, with divers yellow Threads in the Middle, which turninto ſmall round Heads, containing ſmall cornered Seeds; the Root creepeth under Ground, almoit like Couch- graſs, but greater, and ſhooteth up every Spring browniſh Heads, which afterwards grow up into Stalks. It hath no Scent nor Taſte, but only aftringent. Place.] It groweth in many places of this Land in moiſt Meadows, and by Water-fides. Time.] It flowereth from June to Auguft. Government and Virtues.] This Herb is good for all manner of Bleeding, at Mouth or Noſe, or Wounds, and all Fluxes of the Belly, and the Bloody Flux, given either to drink or taken by Clyfter; it ſtayeth alſo the Abundance of Womens Courſes : It is Bleeding, Flux, Pria a fingular good Wound-herb for green vities, Bloody Flux, Wounds, to ſtay the Bleeding and Terms ftops, Wounds, cuickly cloſe together the Lips of the fore Mouth, Gnats. Wound, if the Herb be bruiſed, and the Juice only applied. It is often uſed in Gargles for ſore Mouths, as alſo for the Secret Parts. The Smoak hereof being burned, driveth away Flies and Gnats, which in the Night time moleſt People inhabiting near Marſhes, and in the fenny Countries. Looſeſtrife, with Spiked Heads of Flowers. HIS groweth with many woody ſquareStalks, Defeript.) I Full of joints, about three Feet high at leaſt at 196 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. at every one whereof ſtand two long Leaves, ſhorter, nar- rower, and a larger green Colour than the former, and ſome browniſh. The Stalks are branched into many long Stems of ſpiked Flowers half a Foot long,growing in Bundles one above another, out of ſmall Huſks, very like the ſpiked Heads of Lavender, each of which Flowers have five round pointed Leaves of a purple violet Colour, or ſomewhat inclining to Redneſs; in which Huſks ftand fmall round Heads after the Flowers are fallen,whereinis contained finall Seed. The Root creepeth under-ground like unto the yellow, but is greater than it; and ſo are the Heads of the Leaves when they firſt appear out of the Ground, and more brown than the other.. Place.] It groweth uſually by Rivers, and Ditch-fides in wet Ground, as about the Ditches at and near Lambeth.; and in many other Places of this Land. Time.] It flowereth in the Months of June and July. Government and Virtues.] The Herb is an Herb of the Moon, and under the Sion Cancer; neither do I know a better Preferver of the Sight when 'tis well, nor a better Cure of fore Eyes than Eyebright, taken inwardly, and this uſed out- wardly ; 'tis cold in Quality. This Herb is no whit inferior unto the former, it having notonly all the Virtues which the former hath, but ſome peculiar Virtues of its own, found out by Experience; as namely, The diitilled Water is a preſent: Remedy for Hurts and Blows on the Eyes, and for Blindneſs, ſo as the Chriftalline Humour be not periſhed, or hurt; and this hath been ſufficiently proved true Eyes, Blindneſs, Ul- by the Experience of a Man of Judg-- cers, Wounds, Inflam- ment, who kept it long to himſelf as a mations, Quinſy, great Secret. It cleareth the Eyes of King's Evil, Spots, Duft, or any Thing gotten into them. Marks, Scais. and preſerve th the Sight. It is alſo very much available againſt Wounds and Thruſts, being made into an Oinment in this manner :: TO every Ounce of the Water, add two Drachms of May Butter without Salt, and of Sugar and Wax, of each as much alſo; let' them boil gently together. I et Tents dipped in the Liquor that remaineth after it is cold be put into the Wounds, and the Place covered with a Linen Cloth doubleu and anointed with the Ointment; and this is alſo an approved Medicine. It likewiſe cleanſeth and healeth all foul Ulcers, and Sores whatſoever, and ſtayeth theirInflammations by waſhing them with The Englifh Phyſician Enlarged. 197 with the Water, and laying on them a green Leaf or two in the Summer, or dry Leaves in the Winter. This Water gargled warm in the Mouth, and ſometimes drank alſo, doth cure the Quinfy, or King's Evil, in the Throat. The ſaid Water applied warm, taketh away all Spots, Marks, and Scabs in the Skin; and a little of it drank, quencheth Thirſt when it is extraordinary. Lovage. Deſcript.]TT hath many long and greatStalks of large wing- ed Leaves, divided into many Parts, like Smal- lage, but much larger and greater, every Leaf being cut about the Edges, broadeft forward, and ſmalleſt at the Stalk, of a fad green Colour, ſmooth and ſhining ; from among which riſe up ſundry ſtrong, hollow green Stalks, five or fix Feet, yea ſome- times ſeven or eight Feet high, full of Joints, but leſſer Leaves ſeton them than grow below; and with them towards the Tops come forth large Branches, bearing at their Tops large Um- bles of yellow Flowers; and after them flat browniſh Seed. The Root groweth thick, great and deep, ſpreading much, , and enduring long, of a browniſh Colour on the outſide, and whitiſh within. The whole Plantand every Part of itſmelling ſtrong and aromatically, and is of a hot, ſharp, biting Tafte. Place.] It is uſually planted in Gardens, where, if it be ſuffered, it groweth huge and great, Time.] It Howerethin the End of July, and feedeth in Auguft. Government and' Virtues.] It is an Herb of the Sun, under the Sign Taurus. If Saturn offend the Throat (as he always doth if he be Occaſioner of the Malady, and in Taurus is the Geneſis) this is your Cure. It openeth, cureth and digefteth Humours, and mightily provoketh Womens Courſes and Urine. Half a Humours, Terms pro- Dram at a Time of the dried Root in vokes, Dyfury, Cold Powder taken in Wine, doth wonder- Stomach, Indigeſtion, fully warm a cold Stomach, helpeth Wind, Poiſor, Epide- Digeftion, and conſumeth all raw and mical Diſeaſes, Agues, fuperfluous Moiſture therein; eaſeth Belly-ach, Quinſy, all inward Gripings and Pain, diffolv- Pleuri/y, Spots, eth Wind and refifteth Poiſon and Freckles, Bails. Infection. It is a known and much praiſed Remedy to drink the Decoction of the Herb for any Sort 198 The Engliſh Plyſician Enlarged. T Sort of Ague, and to help the Pains and Torments of the Body and Zowels coming of Cold. The Seed is effectual to ail the Purpoſes aforeſaid (except the laſt) and worketh more powerfully. The diſtilled Water of the Herb helpeth the Quinly in the Throat, if the Mouth and Throat be gargled and waſhed therewith, and helpeth the Pleuriſy, being drank three or four Times. Being dropped into the Eyes, it taketh away the Redneſs or Dimneſs of them; it likewiſe taketh away Spots or Freckles in the Face. The Leaves bruiſed, and fried with a little Hogs Lard, and laid hot to any blotch or Boil, will quickly break it. Lungwort. Deſcript.] HIS is a Kind of Moſs that groweth on fundry Sorts of Trees, eſpecially Oaks and Beeches, with broad, greyiſh, tough Leaves diverſly folded, crum impled and gaſhed in on the Edges, and ſome ſpotted alſo with many ſmall Spots on the upper Side. It was never ſeen to bear any Stalk or Flower at any Time. Government and Virtues.] Jupiter ſeems to own this Herb. This is of great Uſe with many Phyficians to help this Dif- eaſe of the Lungs, and for Coughs, Lungs, Wheezing, Wheezings, and Shor neſs of Breath, Coughs, Shortneſs of which it cureth both in Man and Beaſt. Breath, Ulcers in the It is very profitably put into Lotions Privities, and elle- that are taken to ſay the moiſt Hú- where. mours that fow to Ulcers, and hinder their healing, as alſo to waſh all other Ulcers in the Privy Parts of a Man or Woman. It is an excellent Remedy boiled in Beer for broken-wind- ed Horfes. Madder. Defcript.] Arden Madder ſhooteth forth many very long, weak, four-ſquare, reddiſh Stalls, trailing on the Ground a great Way, very rough or hairy, and full of Joints: At every one of theſe Joints come forth divers long and narrow I eaves, ftanding like a Star about the Stalks, rough alſo and hairy, towards the Tops whereof come forth many ſmall pale yellow Flowers; after which come ſmall round Heads, green at firſt, and reddiſh afterwards, but black when they are ripe, wherein is contained the Seed. The Root G4 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 199 Root is not very great, but exceeding long, running down half a Man's Length into the Ground, red and а very clear while it is freſh, ſpreading divers Ways. Place.] It is only manured in Gardens, or larger Fields, for the Profit that is made thereof. Time.] It flowereth towards the End of Summer, and the Seed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mars. It hath an opening Quality, and afterwards to bind and ſtrengthen. It is an aſſured Remedy for the Yel- low ſaundice, by opening the Obſtruc- Yellow Jaundice, Ob- tions of the Liver and Gall, and ſtructions of the Liver cleanſing thoſe Parts ; it openeth alſo and Gall, Spleen, Me- the Obſtructions of the Spleen, and di- lancholy, Pally, Scia- minifheth the melancholy Humour: It tica, Bruiſes inward is available for the Palfy and Sciatica, and out wurd, Terms and effectual for Bruiſes inward and provokes, Freckles, outward, and is therefore much uſed in Morpkew, Scurf. Vulnerary Drinks. The Root for all thoſe aforeſaid Purpoſes, is to be boiled in Wine or Water, as the Cauſe requireth, and ſome Honey and Sugar put there- unto afterwards. The Seed hereof taken in Vinegar and Honey, helpeth the Swelling and Hardneſs of the Spleen. The Decoction of the Leaves and Branches is a good Fo- mentation for Women to fit over that have not their Courſes. The Leaves and Roots beaten and applied to anyPart that is diſcoloured with Freckles, Morphew, the white Scurf, or any ſuch Deformity of the Skin, cleanſeth thoroughly, and taketh them away. Maiden Hair. Deſcript.] UR common Maiden Hair doth, from a Num- ber of hard black Fibres, ſend forth a great , many blackiſh ſhining brittle Stalks, hardly a Span long, in many not half fo long, on each Side fet very thick with ſmall, round, dark, green Leaves, and ſpitted on the Back of them like other Fern. Piace.] It groweth much upon old Stone Walls in the Weſt Parts, and Walls in Kent, and divers other places of this Land; it joyeth likewiſe to grow by Springs, Wells, and rocky moiſt and ſhady Places; and is always green. Wall 200 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. Wall Rue, or ordinary White Maiden Hair. Defcript.] T HIS hath very fine pale,green Stalks,almoſt as fine as Hairs, fet confuſedly with divers pale green Leaves on very ſhort Foot Stalks, fomewhat near unto the Colour of Garden Rue, and not much differing in Form, but more diverſly cut in on the Edges, and thicker, ſmooth on the upper Part, and ſpotted finely underneath. Place.] It groweth in many places of this Land, at Dart- ford, and the Bridge at Afford in Kent; at Beaconsfield in Buckinghamſhire; at Wolly in Huntingdonjhire, on Framingham Caſtle in Suffolk; on the Church Walls at Mayfield in Suſex, in Somerſetſhire, and divers other places of this Land: And is green in Winter, as well as Summer. Government and Virtues.] Both this and the former are under the Dominion of Mercury, and ſo is that alſo which followeth after; and the Virtue of both theſe are ſo near alike, that tho' I have deſcribed them and their Places of growing ſeveraliy, yet I fall in writing the Virtues of them, join them both together as followeth. The Decoction of the Herb Maidenhair being drank, helpeth thoſe that are troubled with the Cough, Shortneſs of Breath, the Yellow Jaundice, Diſeaſes Coughs, Shortneſs of of the Spleen, ſtopping of Urine, and Breath, the Yellow helpeth exceedingly to break the Stone Jaundice, Spleen, in the Kidneys, (in all which Diſeaſes Dyſury, Stone, Terms the Wall Rue is alſo very effectual.) It povokes, Bleedings, provoketh Womens Courſes, and ſtays Fluxes, Lungs, Swel- both Bleedings and Fluxes of the Sto- lings, Ulcers, Scurf, mach and Belly, eſpecially when the Baldneſs. Herb is diy: For being green, it looſeneth the Belly, and voideth Cho- ler and Phlegm from the Stomach and Liver; it cleanſeth the Lungs, and by recifying the Blood, caufeth a good Colour to the whole Body. The Herb boited in Oil of Camomile, diffolveth Knots, allayeth Swellings, and drieth up moiſt Ulcers. The I ee made thereof, is fingular good to cleanſe the Head from Scurf, and from dry and running Sores; ftay- eth the falling or ſhedding of the Hair, and cauſeth it to grow hick, fair, and well coloured; for which Purpoſe fome boilit in Wine, putting ſome Smallage Seed thereto, and afterwards icme Oil. The Wall Rue is as effectual as Maiden Hair, in all The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 21 all Diſeaſes of the Head, or faling and recovering of the Hair again, and generally for all the aforementioned Diſeaſes. And beſides, the Powder of it taken in Drink for forty Days to- gether, helpeth the Buritings in Children. Golden Maiden Hair. Т. O the former give me Leave to add this, and I ſhall no more, but only deſcribe it unto you; and for the Virtues refer you to the former, fith whatſoever is ſaid of them, may be alſo ſaid of this, Deſcript.] It hath many ſmall, browniſh, red Hairs to make up the Form of Leaves growing about the Ground from the Root; and in the Middle of them in Summer, riſe ſmall Stalks of the fame Colour, ſet with very fine, yellow- iſh green Hairs on them, and bearing a ſmall gold, yellow Head, leſſer than a Wheat Corn, ſtanding in a great Huſk. The Root is very ſmall and thready. Time.] It groweth in Bogs and Mooriſh Places, and alſo on dry ſhady Places, as Hamſtead Heath, and elſewhere. Mallows, and Marſhmallows. Ommon Mallows are generally ſo well known that they need no Deſcription. Our common Marſhmallows have divers ſoft hairy, white Stalks, riſing to be three or four Feet high, ſpreading forth many Branches, the Leaves whereof are ſoft and hairy, fome- what lefſer than the otherMallow Leaves, but longer pointed, cut (for the moſt part) into fome few Diviſions, but deep. The Flowers are many, but ſmaller alſo than the other Mal- lows, and white, or tending to a blueiſh Colour. After which come ſuch long, round Cales and Seeds, as in the other Mal- lows. The Roots are many and long, ſhooting from one Head, of the Bigneſs of a Thumb or Finger,veryplaint, tough, and being like Liquorice, of a whitiſh yellow Colour on the Outſide, and more white within, full of a ſlimy Juice, which being laid in Water, will thicken, as if it were a Jelly. Place.] The common Mallows grow in every County of this Land. The common Marſhmallows in moſt of the Salt Marſhes, from Woolwich, down to the Sea, both on the Kentiſ and Efex Shores, and in divers other Places of this Land. COM Time.] 202 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. men, Time.] They flower all the Summer Months even until the Winter do pull them down. Government and Virtues.] Venus owns them both. The Leaves of either of the Sorts before ſpecified, and the Roots alſo boiled in Wine or Water, or in Broth with Parſley or Fennel Roots, do help to open the Body, and are very con- venient in hot Agues, or other Diftempers of the Body, to apply the Leaves fo boiled warm to Agues, Choler,g’iping the Belly. It not only voideth hot, in the Belly, Milk, cholerick and other offenſive Hu- Excoriation, Phthific, mours, but ealeth the Pains and Tor- Pluriſ,TravelinWo- ments of the Belly coming thereby; Falling Sickneſs, and are therefore uſed in all Clyfters Eyes, Bees Waſps, &c. conducing to thoſe Purpoſes. The Poiſon, hard Sewel- fame uſed by Nurſes, procurcth them lings, Inflammations, ftore of Milk. The Decoction of the Cods, Liver, Spleen, Seed of any of the common Mallows Roughneſs of the Skin, made in Milk or Wine doth marvel- Scurf, Dandrif, Scab- louſly help Excoriations, the Phthific, Heads, Scalding, Pleuriſy, and other Diſeaſes of the Burning, St. Antho- Cheft ard Lungs, that proceed of hot ny's Fire, fore Mouth Cauſes, if it be continued taking for andThroat, Baldneſs, fome Time together. The Leaves and Thorns. Roots work the ſame Effects. They help much alſo in the Excoriations of the Guts and Bowels, and Hardneſs of the Mother, and in all hot and ſharp Diſeaſes thereof. The Juice drank in Wine, or the Decoétion of them therein, doth help Women to a fpeedy and eaſy Delivery. Pliny faith, that whoſoever ſhall take a poonful of any of the Mallows, Mall that Day be free from all Diſeaſes that may come unto him; and that it is fpecial good for the Falling Sickneſs. The Syrup alſo and Conſerve made of the Flowers, are very effectual for the ſame Diſeaſes, and to open the body, being coſtive. The Leaves bruiſed, and laid to the l yes with a little Honey, take away the Impofthumations of them. The Leaves bruiſed or rubbed upon any Place ftung with Bees, Waſps, or the like, preſently take away the Pains, Redneſs, and Swelling that riſe there- upon. And Diofcorides faith, The Decoction of the Roots and Leaves helpeth all Sorts of Poiſon, ſo as the Poiſon be preſent- ly voided by Vomit. A Poultice made of the Leaves boiled and bruiſed, whereunto add ſome Bean or Barley Flour, and Oil a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 203 Oil of Roſes, is an eſpecial Remedy againſt all hard Tumours and Inflammations, or Impofthumes,or Swellings of the Cods, and other Parts, and eaſeth the Pains of them; as alſo againſt the Hardneſs of the Liver or Spleen, being applied to the Places. The Juice of Mallows boiled in old Oil and applied, taketh away all Roughneſ of the Skin, as alſo the Scurf, Dandriff, or dry Scabs in the Head, or other Parts, if they be anointed therewith, or waſhed with the Decoction, and pre- ferveth the Hair from falling off . It is alſo effectual againſt Scaldings and Burnings, St. Anthony's Fire, and all other hot, red and painful Swellings in any part of the Body. The Flowers boiled in Oil or Water (as every one is diſpoſed) whereunto a little Honey and Allum is put, is an excellent Gargle to waſh, cleanſe or heal any fore Mouth or Throat in a fhort Space. If the Feet be bathed or waſhed with the Decoction of the Leaves, Roots and Flowers, it helpeth much the Defluctions of Rheum from the Head; if the Head be waſhed therewith, it ſtayeth the falling and ſhedding of the Hair. The green Leaves (faith Pliny) beaten with Nitre, and applied, draw out Thorns or Prickles in the Fleh. The Marſhmallows are more effectual in all the Diſeaſes before mentioned: The Leaves are likewiſe uſed to looſen the Belly gently, and in Decoctions for Clytters to eaſe all Pains of the Body, opening the ſtreight Paſſages, and making them ſlippery, Belly, Stone, Reins, whereby the Stone may deſcend the Kidneys, Sho tness of more eafily, and without Pain, out of Breath, Bladder, Ex- the Reins, Kidneys and Bladder, and coriations of theGuts, to eaſe the torturing Pains thereof. Coughs, Wheezing, But the Roots are of more ſpecial Uſe Ruptures, for thoſe Purpoſes, as well for Coughs, Convulſions, the Hoarſeneſs, Shortneſs of Breath and King's Evil, Kernels, Wheezings, being boiled in Wine, or Chincough, Wounds, Honeyed Water, and drank. The Bruiſes, Falls, Blows, Roots and Seeds hereof boiled in Wine Muſcles, Mo phew, or Water, are with good Succeſs uſed Sun-burning. by them that have Excoriations in the Guts, or the Bloody Flux, by qualifying the Violence of ſharp fretting Humours, eaſing the Pains, and healing the Soreneſs. It is profitably taken of them that are troubled with Ruptures, Cramps, or Convulſions of the Sinews: and boiled in White Wine, for the Impoſthumes of the Throat; com- Cramp, 204 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. commonly called the King's Evil, and of thoſe Kernels that riſe behind the Ears, and Inflammations or Swellings in Wo- mens Breaſts. The dried Roots boiled in Milk and drank, is ſpecial good for the Chin-cough. Hippoc ates uſed to give the Decoction of the Roots, or the Juice thereof, to drink, or thoſe that are wounded, and ready to faint through Loſs of Blood, and applied the ſame mixed with Honey and Rofin to the Wounds. As alſo the Roots boiled in Wine to thoſe that have received any Hurt by Bruiſes, Falls, or Blows, or had any Bone or Member out of Joint, or any Swelling-pain, or ach in the Muſcles, Sinews or Arteries. The Mucilage of the Roots, and of Linſeed and Fænugreek put together, is much uſed in Poultices, Ointments, and Plaiſters, to mollify and digeft all hard Swellings, and the Inflammation of them, and to eaſe Pains in any part of the Body. The Seed either green or dry, mixed with Vinegar, cleanſeth the skin of Morphew, and all other Diſcolourings, being boiled there- with in the Sun. You may remember, that not long ſince there was a raging Diſeaſe called the Bloody Flux; the College of Phyficians not knowing what to make of it, called it the Plague of the Guts, for their Wits were at Ne plus ultra about it: My Son was taken with the ſame Diſeaſe, and the Excoriation of his Bowels was exceeding great; myſelf being in the Country, was ſent for up; the only Thing I gave him, was Mallows bruiſed and boiled both in his Milk and Drink, in two Days (the Bleſling of God being upon it) cured him. And I here, to ihew my Thankfulneſs to God, in communicating it to his Creatures, leave it to Pofterity. Maple Tree. Government IT is under the Dominion of Jupiter. The and Virtues.] Decoction either of the Leaves or Bark,muſt , needs ftrengthen the Liver much, and Liver ſtrengthens, fuyou ſhall find it to do, if you uſe it. . opens Obſtructions of It is excellent good to oper. Obſtruc- the Liver and Spleen, tions both of the Liver and Spleen, Pains in the Liver. and eaſeth Pains of the Sides thence proceeding. Wind The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 205 Wind Marjoram. Alled alſo Origane, Origanum, Eaſtward Marjoram, Wild Marjoram, and Grove Ma joram. Deſcript.] Wild or Field Marjoram hath a Root which creepeth much under Ground, which continueth a long Time, ſending up ſundry browniſh, hard, ſquare Stalks, with ſmall dark green Leaves, very like thoſe of Sweet Marjoram, but harder, and ſomewhat broader; at the Top of the Stalks ftand Tufts of Flowers, of a deep purpleiſh red Colour. The Seed is ſmall and ſomething blacker than that of Sweet Marjoram. Place. ] It groweth plentifully in the Borders of Corn Fields, and in ſome Copſes. Time. It flowereth toward the latter End of Summer. Government and Virtues.] This alſo is under the Dominion of Mercury. It ſtrengthens the Stomach and Head much, there being ſcarce a better Remedy growing for fuch as are troubled with a four Humour in the Stomach ; it reſtores the ; Appetite being loft, helps the Cough, and Conſumption of the Lungs, it Stomach, Head, Hu- cleanſeth the Body of Choler, expell- mours, Appetite, eth Poiſon, and remedieth the Infir- Cough, Conſumption mities of the Spleen, helps the Bisings of the Lungs, Poifon, of Venomous Beaſts, and helps ſuch Choler, Spleon, venom- as have poiſon d themſelves by eating ous Beaſts, Poiſon, U- Hemlock, Henbane, or Opium. It pro- rine provoketh, Terms voketh Urine and the Terms in Wo- provoke, Dropſy, men, helps the Dropſy, and the Scurvy, Scurvy, Scabs, Itch, Scabs, Itch, and Yellow Jaundice. The Leproſy,Yellow Jaun- Juice being dropped into the Ears, dice, Deafneſs, Noiſe, helps Deafneſs, Pain and Noiſe in the and Pains in the Ears. Ears. And thus much for this Herb, between which and Adders, there is a deadly Antipathy. Sweet Marjoram. Weet Marjoram is ſo well known, being an Inhabitant in every Garden, that it is needleſs to write any Deſcrip- tion thereof, neither of the Winter Sweet Marjoram, or Pot Marjoram. Place.) They grow commonly in Gardens; fome Sort there are that grow wild in the Borders of Corn Fields and Paſtures, in fundry Places of this Land; but it is not my Purpoſe SA 206 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Purpoſe to infitt upon them. The Garden Kinds being mot uſed and uſeful. Time.] They flower in the End of Summer. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mercury, and under Aries, and therefore is an excellent Remedy for the Brain and other parts of the Body and Mind, under the Do- minion of the fame Planet. Our common Sweet Marjoram is warming and comfortable in cold Diſeaſes of the Head, Stomach, Sinews, and other Parts, taken inwardly or out- wardly applied. The Decoction there- Head, Breaft, ob- of being drank, helpeth all Diſeaſes fructions, Liver, of the Cheſt which hinder the Free- Spleen, Stomach, neſs of Breathing, and is alſo profitable Womb, Wind, Droply, for the Obſtructions of the Liver and Belly-ach, Terms pro- Spleen. It helpeth the cold Griefs of - vokes,marks of Blows, the Womb, and the Windineſs thereof, Noiſe in the Ears, and the Loſs of Speech, by Reſolution Joints, Sinews, Swel- of the Tongue. The Decoction there- ings, Sneezing, Flegm. of made with ſome Pellitory of Spain, and long Pepper, or with a little Acorns or Origanum, being drank, is good for thoſe that are begin- ning to fall into a Dropſy, for thoſe that cannot make Water, and againſt Pains and Torments in the Belly ; it provoketh Womens Courſes, if it be put up as a Peffary. Being made into Powder, and mixed with Honey, taketh away the black Marks of Blows, and Bruiſes, being thereunto applied ; it is good for the Inflammations and Watering of the Eyes, being mixed with fine Flour, and laid unto them. The Juice dropped into the Ears, eaſeth the Pains and ſinging Noiſe in them. It is profitably put into thoſe Ointments and Salves that are warm, and comfort the outward Parts, as the Joints and Sinews; for Swellings alſo, and Places out of Joint. The Powder thereof ſnuffed up into the Noſe pro- voketh Sneezing, and thereby purgeth the Brain; and chewed in the Mouth, draweth forth much Phlehm. The Oil made thereof, is very warming and comfortable to the Joints that are ftiff, and the Sinews that are hard, to mollify and ſupple them. Marjoram is much uſed in all Odoriferous Waters, Powders, &c. that are for Ornament or Delight. Marigolds. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 207 Marigolds. Heſe being ſo plentiful in every Garden, are ſo well known that they need no Deſcription. Time.] They flower all the Summer long, and ſometimes in Winter, if it be mild. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of the Sun, and un- der Leo. They ftrengthen the Heart exceedingly, and are very expullive, and little leſs effectual in the Small-Pox and Meaſles than Saffron. The Juice of Marigold Leaves mixed with Vinegar, Heart, vital Spirits, and any hot Swellings bathed with it, Peſtilence, Small Pox, inſtantly giveth Eaſe, and affwageth it. Meaſles, bot Swel- The Flowers, either green or dried, lings, Feveps. are much uſed in Poffets, Broths, and Drink, as a Comforter of the Heart and Spirits, and to expel any malignant or peſtilential Quality which might annoy them. A Plaiſter made with the dry Flowers in Powder, Hogs-Greaſe, Turpentine, and Roſin, applied to the Breaft, ſtrengthens and ſuccours the Heart infinitely in Fevers, whe- ther Peſtilential or not Peſtilential. CO green Co- Mafterwort. Deſcript.] Ommon Maſterwort hath divers Stalks of wing- ed Leaves divided into fundry Parts, three for the moſt part ftanding together at a ſmall Foot-ſtalk on both Sides of the greater, and three likewiſe at the End of the Stalk, ſomewhat broad, and cutin on the Edges into three or more Di- viſions, all of them dented about the Brims, of a dark lour, ſomewhat reſembling the Leaves of Angelica, but that theſe grow lower to the Ground, and no leſſer Stalks; among which riſe up two or three ſhort Stalks about two Feet high,and flender, with ſuch like Leaves at the Joints which grow below, , but with lefſer and fewer Diviſions, bearing Umbels of white Flowers, and after them ſmall, thin, flat blackiſh Seeds, bigger than Dill Seeds. The Root is ſomewhat greater and growing rather fideways than down deep in the Ground, ſhooting forth fundryHeads, which taſte ſharp, biting on the Tongue,and is the hotteſt and ſharpeft Part of the Plant, and the Seed next unto it being ſomewhat blackiſh on the outſide, and ſmelling well. Ka Place.] 208 The English Pbyſician Enlarged. Place.] It is uſually kept in Gardens with us in England. Time.] It flowereth and feedeth about the End of Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mars. The Root of Mafter wort is hotter than Pepper, and very available in all cold Griefs and Diſeaſes both of the Stomach and Body, diffolving very powerfully upwards and downwards. It is alſo uſed in a Decoction with Wine againſt all cold Rheums, Diſtillation upon the Lungs, or Shortneſs of Breath, to be taken Morning and Evening. It alſo Cold Griefs, Stomach, provoketh Urine, and helpeth to break cold Rheums, Urine, the Stone, and expel the Gravel from Stone, Gravel, Drop- the Kidneys; provoketh Womens 55,Cramp and Falling Courſes, and expelleth the dead Birth. Sickneſs, Womens Is ſingular good for ftrangling of the Courſes, dead. Child, Mother, and other ſuch-like feminine Mother, Cold, Poiſon, Diſeaſes. It is effectual alſo againft Sweat, greenWounds, the Dropſy, Cramps, and Falling Sick- rotten Ulcers, Gout. neſs; for the Decoction in Wine being gargled in the Mouth, draweth down much Water and Phlegm from the Brain, purging and eaſing it of what opprefſeth it. It is of a rare Quality againſt all Sorts of cold Poiſon, to be taken as there is Cauſe; it pro- voketh Sweat. But left the Taſte hereof, or of the Seed (which worketh to the like Effect, tho' not ſo powerfully) fhould be too offenſive, the beſt Way is to take the Water diſtilled both from the Herb and Root. The Juice hereof dropped, or Tents dipped therein, and applied either to green Wounds or filthy rotten Ulcers, and thoſe that come by en- venomed Weapons, doth foon cleanſe and heal them. The ſame is alſo very good to help the Gout coming of a cold Cauſe. Sweet Maudlin. Defcript.) С. ] Ommon Maudlin hath ſomewhat long and nar- row Leaves, ſnipp'd about the Edges. The Stalks are two Feet high, bearing at the Tops many yellow Flowers ſet round together, and all of an equal Height, in Umbels or Tufts like unto Tanfy; after which followeth ſmall whitiſh Seed, almoſt as big as Wormſeed. Place.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 209 Defeript.) T Place and Time.] It groweth in Gardens, and flowereth in June and July Government and Virtues.] The Virtues hereof being the fame with Ciftmary or Alecoft, I ſhall not make any Repet tion thereof, left my Book grow too big; but rather refer you unto Coftma y for Satisfaction. The Medlar. HE Tree groweth near the Bigneſs of the Quince Tree, ſpreading Branches reaſonably large, with longer and narrower Leaves than either the Apple or Quince, and not dented about the Edges. At the End of the Sprigs ſtand the Flowers, made of five white, great broad- pointed Leaves, nicked in the Middle with ſome white Threads alſo; after which cometh the Fruit, of a browniſh green Co- lour being ripe, bearing a Crown as it were on the Top, which were the five green Leaves ; and being rubbed off, or fallen a- way, the Head of the fruit is ſeen to be ſomewhat hollow. The Fruit is very harſh before it is mellowed, and hath uſually five hard Kernels within it. There is another Kind hereof nothing differing from the former, but that it hath fome Thorns on it in ſeveral Places, which the other hath not; and uſually the Fruit is ſmall, and not ſo pleaſant. Time and Place.] They grow in this Land, and Aower in May for the moſt part, and beareth Fruit in September and O&tober. Government and Virtues.] The Fruit is old Saturn's, and fure a better Medicine he hardly hath to ſtrengthen the re- tentive Faculty; therefore it ſtays Wo- mens Longings: The good old Man can- Miſcarriages, Fluxes, not endure Womens Minds ſhould run flays Womens Long- a gadding. Alſo a Plaifter made of the ings, hinders Miſcar- Fruit dried before they are rotten, and riage, Gargle, Wo- other convenient Things, and applied mens Courſes, Piles, to the Reins of the Back, ſtops Mil- loathing of Meat, or carriage in Women with Child. They Caſting, Bleeding, are very powerful to ſtay any Fluxes Freſh Wounds, Stone of Blood or Humours in Men or Wo- in the Kidneys. men ; the Leaves alſo have this Quali- ty. The Fruit eaten by Women with Child, ſtayeth their Longing after unuſual Meats, and is very effectual for them that are apt to miſcarry, and be delivered before their Time, to help that Malady, and make them joyful Mothers. The و а K 3 210 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The Decoction of them is good to gargle and waſh the Mouth, Throat and Teeth, when there is any Defluxions of Blood to ſtay it, or of Humours, which cauſeth the Pains and Swellings. It is a good Bath for Women to fit over, that have their Courſes flow too abundant; or for the Piles when they bleed too much. If a Poultice or Plaiſter be made with dried Medlars, beaten and mixed with the Juice of Red Roſes, whereunto a few Cloves and Nutmegs may be added, and a little red Coral alſo, and applied to the Stomach, that is given to caſting or loathing of Meat, it effectually helpeth. The dried Leaves in Powder ſtrewed on freſh bleeding Wounds reſtraineth the Blood, and healeth up the Wound quickly. The Mediar-ſtones made into Powder, and drank in Wine, wherein ſome Parſley-roots have lain infuſed all Night, or a little boiled, do break the Stone in the Kidneys, helping to expel it. Mellilot, or King's Claver. Defcript. T high, silang irem a tough, long white Roth HIS hath many green , or Feat , from , , which dieth not every Year, ſet round about at the Joints with Small, and ſomewhat long, well-ſmelling Leaves, fet there to- gether unevenly dented about the Edge. The Flowers are veilow, and well ſmelling alſo, made like other Trefoil, but ſmall, ftanding in long Spikes one above another, for an hand Breadth long or better, which afterwards turn into long crook- ed Cods, wherein is contained fiat Seed, ſomewhat brown. Piace.] It groweth plentifully in many places of this Land, as in the Edge of Suffolk, and in Flex, as alto in Huntingdon- ſhire, and in other places, but molt uſually in Coin Fields, in Corners of Meadows. Time.] It flowereth in June and July, and is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtves.] Mellilot, Hard Tumours and boiled in Wine, and applicd, mollifi- Inf. ammations in the eth all hard Tumours and Inflamma- Eyes, or elſewhere, Ul- tions that happen in the Eyes, or o- cers in the Had, Sto. ther parts of the Body, as the Fun- mach pained, Head- dament, or Privy Parts of Men or ach, Wind, Spleen. Women; and ſometimes the Yolk of a roafted The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 2 II a roaſted Egg, or fine Flour, or Dimneſs of Sight, Poppy Seed, or Endive, is added un- Stupidity of Senſes, to it. It helpeth the ſpreading Ulcers ſtrengthens Memory', in the Head, it being waſhed with a Apoplexy. Lee made thereof. It helpeth the Pains of the Stomach, being applied freſh; or boiled with any of the aforenamed Things. It helpeth alſo the Pains of the Ears, being dropped into them; and iteeped in Vinegar, or Roſe-water, it mitigateth the Head-ach. The Flowers of Mellilot or Chamomile are much uſed to be put together in. Clyfters to expel Wind, and eaſe Pains: and alſo in Poul- tices for the ſame Purpoſe, and to aſſwage ſwelling Tu- mours in the Spleen or other Parts, and helpeth Infiamma- tions in any part of the Body. The Juice dropped into the Eyes is a ſingular good Medicine to take away the Film or Skin that cloudeth or dimmeth the Eye-fight. The Head of- ten waſhed with the diſtilled Water of the Herb and Flower, or a Lee made therewith, is effectual for thoſe that ſuddenly loſe their Senſes; as alſo to ſtrengthen the Memory, to com- fort the Head and Brain, and to preſerve them from Pain, and the Apoplexy. French and Dogs Mercury. Defcript. HIS riſeth up with a ſquare green Stalk full of Joints, two Feet high, or thereabouts, with two Leaves at every Joint, and Branches likewiſe from both Sides of the Stalk, ſetwith freſh green Leaves, ſomewhat broad and long, about the Bigneſs of the Leaves of Baſil, finely dent- ed about the Edges ; towards the Tops of the Stalks and Branches, come forth at every Joint in the Male Mercury two ſmall, round, green Heads, ſtanding together upon a ſhort Foot-ſtalk, which growing ripe, are Seeds, not having Flowers. The female Stalk is longer, Spike-faſhion, fet round about with ſmall green Huſks, which are the Flowers, made like {mall Bunches of Grapes, which give no Seed, but abide long upon the Stalks without ſhedding. The Root is compoſed of many ſmall Fibres, which periſheth every Year at the firft Ap- proach of Winter, and riſeth again of its own ſowing; and if once it is ſuffered to fow itſelf, the Ground will never want afterwards, even both Sorts of it. T K4 Dog 212 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. H و Dog Mercury. Aving deſcribed unto you that which is called French Mercury, I come now to fhew you a Deſcription of this Kind alſo. Defcript.] This is likewiſe of two kinds, Male and Female, having many Stalks flender and lower than Mercury, without any Branches at all upon them, the Root is ſet with two Leaves at every Joint, fomewhat greater than the Female, • but more pointed and full of Veins, and ſomewhat harder in handling; of a dark green Colour, and leſs dented or ſnipp'd about the Edges. At the Joints with the Leaves come forth longer Stalks than the former, with two hairy round Seeds upon them, twice as big as thoſe of the former Mercury. The Tafte hereof is herby, and the Smell fomewhat ſtrong and virulent. The Female has much harder Leaves ftanding up- on longer Foot-ſtalks, and the Stalks are alſo longer: From the Joints come forth Spikes of Flowers like the French Female Mercury. The Roots of them both are many, and full of fmall Fibres, which run under-ground, and mat themſelves very much, not periſhing as the former Mercuries do; but abiding the Winter, and ſhoot forth new Branches every Year, for the old lie down to the Ground. Place.] The Male and Female French Mercury are found wild in divers Places of this Land; as by a Village called Brookland in Rumney Marſh in Kent. The Dog Mercury in fundry Places of Kent alſo, and elſe- where; but the Female more ſeldom than the Male. Time.] They flower in the Summer Months, and therein give their Seed. Government end Virtues.]Mercury, they ſay, owns the Herb, but I rather think 'tis Venus, and I am partly confident of it too; for I never heard that Mercury ever minded Womens Buſineſs fo much: I believe he minds his Study more. The Decoction of the Leaves of Mercury, Purgeth cholerick Hu- or the Juice thereof in Broth, or drank mours, Womens Sick- with a little Sugar put to it, purgeth neſs, Mother, Womens cholerick and waterith Humours, Courſes, Strangury, Strangury, Hippocrates commended it wonderfully Ears, Agues, for Womens Diſeaſes, and applied to Phlegm, Rheums and the Secret Parts, to eaſe the Pains of Catarrhs, Melancholy the Mother; and uſed the Decoction of The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 208 a of it, both to procure Womens Cour- Humours, Yellow fes, and to expel the After-birth. And Jaundice, Warts, gave the Decoction thereof with Scabs, Tetters and Myrrh or Pepper, or uſed to apply Ringworms, Swell- the Leaves Outivardly againſt the ings, Inflammations, Strangury, and Diſeaſes of the Reins waterijf and melan- and Bladder. He uſed it alſo for fore choly Humours. and watering Eyes, and for the Deaf- neſs, and Pains in the Ears, by dropping the Juice thereof into them, and bathing them afterwards in White Wine. The Decoction thereof made with Water and a Cock Chicken, is a moft fafe Medicine againſt the hot Fits of Agues. It alſo cleanſeth the Breaſt and Lungs of Phlegm, but a little of- fendeth the Stomach. The Juice or diſtilled Water ſnuffed up into the Noſtrils, purgeth the Head and Eyes of Catarrhs and Rheums. Some uſe to drink two or three Ounces of the diſtilled Water, with a little Sugar put to it, in the Morn- ing fafting, to open and purge the Body of groſs, viſcous, and melancholy Humours. It is wonderful (if it be not fa- bulous) which Dioſcorides and Theophraſtus do relate of it, viz. That if Women uſe theſe Herbs either inwardly or outwardly, for three Days together after Conception, and their Courſes be paft, they ſhall bring forth Male or Female Children, according to that Kind of Herb they uſe. Matthi- olus faith, that the Seed both of the Male and Female Mera cury boiled with Wormwood and drank, cureth the Yellow Jaundice in a ſpeedy Manner. The Leaves or the Juice rub- bed upon Warts, taketh them away. The Juice mingled with . fome Vinegar, helpeth all running Scabs, Tetters, Ring- worms, and the Itch. Galen faith, That being applied in manner of a Poultice to any Swelling or Inflammation, it di geſteth the Swelling, and allayeth the Inflammation, and is therefore given in Clyfters, to evacuate from the Belly of- fenfive Humours. The Dog Mercury, although it be leſs uſed, yet may ſerve in the ſame Manner, to the ſame Purpoſe, to purge waterilh and melancholy Humours. . Mint. P all the kinds of Mint, the Spear Mint, or Heart Mint, being mof aſual, I ſhall only deſcribe as fol- lows: O K 5 De- 214 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Defcript.) Spear Mint hath divers round Stalks, and long but narrowiſh Leaves ſet thereon of a dark green Colour. The Flowers ftand in ſpiked Heads at the Tops of the Branches, being of a pale blue Colour. The Smell or Scent thereof is ſomewhat near unto Braſil; it increaſeth by the Root under Ground, as all the others do. Place. It is an uſual Inhabitant in Gardens : And becauſe it feldom giveth any good Seed, the Effects is recompenced by the plentiful Increaſe of the Root, which being once planted in a Garden, will hardly be rid out again. Time.] It flowereth not until the Beginning of Auguſt, for the moſt Part. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Venus. Diof- corides faith, it hath a heating, binding, and drying Quality, and therefore the Juice taken in Vinegar, ſtayeth bleeding : It ſtirreth up Venery, or bodily Luft; Provokes Venery, ſtays two or three Branches thereof taken Vomiting, alla,eth in the Juice of four Pomgranates, ftay- Choler, Impofthumes, eth the Hiccough, Vomiting, and al- great Breaſts, Mad- layeth the Choler. It diffolveth Im- Dozs biling, Pains in pofthumes being laid to with Barley- the Ears, good for the meal. It is good to repreſs the Milk Stomach, Pains of the in Womens Breaſts, and for ſuch as have Head, Sores and Scabs, fwollen, fagging, or great Breaſts. Chops of the Funda. Applied with Salt, it helpeth the Bi. ment, Poiſon, heipeth ting of a mad Dog ; with Mead and , , Liver and Stomach, honied Water, it eaſeth the Pains of ftayeth Vomiting and the Ears, and taketh away the Rough- Hiccough, provoketh neſs of the Tongue, being rubbed Luft, Spleen, Gravel, thereupon. It ſuffereth not Milk to Stone and Strangury, curdle in the stomach, if the Leaves comforts the Head, thereof be ſteeped or boiled in it be- Joie Mouth, ill Breath, fore you drink it: Briefly it is very Palate down. profitable to the Stomach. The often Uſe hereof is a very powerful Medi- cine to ſtay Womens Courſes and the Whites. Applied to the Forehead and Temples, it eaſeth Pains in the Head, and is good to waſh the Heads of young Children therewith, a- gainit all manner of Breakings-out, Sores or Scabs therein, and healeth the Chops of the Fundament. It is alſo profit- able againſt the Poiſon of Venomous Creatures. The diſtilled Water of Mint is available to all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, yet a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 215 a yet more weakly. But if a Spirit thereof be rightly and chymically drawn, it is much more powerful than the Herb itſelf. Simeon Sethi faith, it helpeth a cold Liver, ſtrengthen- eth the Belly and Stomach, cauſeth Digeſtion, ftayeth Vo. mits and the Hiccough; it is good againſt the gnawing of the Heart, provoketh Appetite, taketh away Obſtructions of the Liver, and ſtirreth up bodily Luft; but therefore too much muſt not be taken, becauſe it maketh the Blood thin and wheyiſh, and turneth it into Choler, and therefore cholerick Perſons muft abſtain from it. It is a ſafe Medi. cine for the Biting of a mad Dog, being bruiſed with Salt, and laid thereon. The Powder of it being dried and taken after Meat, helpeth Digeſtion, and thoſe that are ſpenetick. Taken with Wine, it helpeth Women in their fore Travail in Child-bearing. It is good againſt the Gravel and Stone in the Kidneys, and the Strangury. Being ſmelled unto, it is comfortable for the Head and Memory. The Decoction hereof gargled in the Mouth, cureth the Gams and Mouth that is fore, and mendeth an ill-favoured Breath; as alſo the Rue and Coriander, caufeth the Palate of the Mouth to turn to its Place, the Decoction being gargled and held in the Mouth. The Virtues of the Wild or Horſe Mint, ſuch as grow in Ditches (whoſe Deſcription I purpoſely omitted, in regard I they are well enough known) are eſpecially to diſſolve Wind in the Stomach, to help the Cholick, and thoſe that are ſhort-winded, and are an eſpecial Remedy for thoſe that have Venereal Dreams and Pollutions in the Night, being outwardly applied Winds Venereal to the Teſticles or Cods. 'The Juice Dreams and nightly dropped into the Ears eaſeth the Pains Pollutions, Ears pain- of them, and deſtroyeth the Worms that ed, Biting of Ser- breed therein. They are good againſt pents, King's Evil, the venomous Biting of Serpents. The Stinking Breath, Le- Juice laid on warm, helpeth the King's profy, Dandrif Evil, or Kernels in the Throat. The Decoction or diſtilled Water helpeth a ſtinking Breath, pro- ceeding from the Corruption of the Teeth, and ſnuffed up the Noſe, purgeth the Head. Pliny faith, that eating of the , Leaves hath been found by Experience to cure the Leproſy, applying fome of them to the Face, and to help the Scurf or Dandriff of the Head uſed with Vinegar, They 216 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. They are extream bad for wounded People; and they ſay a wounded Man that eats Mint, his Wound will never be ured, and that's a longtDay. Miffelto. Deſcript.) T Tree whereonitgroweth, with a woody Stem from the Branch or Arm of the a , putting itſelf into fundry Branches, and they again divided into many other ſmaller T'wigs, interlacing themſelves one within another very much covered with a greyifh green Bark, having two Leaves ſet at every Joint, and at the End like- wiſe, which are ſomewhat long and narrow, ſmall at the Bot tom, but broader towards the End. At the Knots or Joints of the Boughs and Branches grow ſmall yellow Flowers, which run into ſmall, round, white, tranſparent Berries, three or four together, full of a glutinous Moiſture, with a blackiſh Seed in each of them, which was never yet known to ſpring, being put into the Ground, or any where elſe to grow. Place.] It groweth very rarely on Oaks with us; but upon fundry other, as well Timber as Fruit Trees, plentifully in woody Groves, and the like, through all this Land. Time.] It flowereth in the Spring-time, but the Berries be not ripe until Oktober, and abideth on the Branches all the Win- ter, unleſs the Blackbirds, and other Birds, do devour.them. Government and Virtues.] This is under the Dominion of the Sun, I do not queſtion; and can alſo take for grant- ed, that that which grows upon Oaks, participates fome. thing of the Nature of Jupiter, becauſe an Oak is one of his Trees; as alſo that which grows upon Pear Trees, and Apple Trees, participates fomething of his Nature, be- cauſe he rules the Tree it grows upon, having no Root of its own. But why that ſhould have moft Virtues that grows upon Oaks, I know not, unleſs becauſe it is rareſt and hard- eft to come by; and our College's Opinion is in this contra- ry to Scripture, which faith, God's tender Mercies are over all His Works; and fo'tis, let the College of Phyſicians walk as contrary to him as they pleaſe; and that is as contrary as the The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 287 the Eaft to the Weſt. Clufius affirms that which grows upon Pear Trees to be as prevalent, and gives Order, that it ſhould not touch the Ground, after it is gathered'; and alſo faith, that, being hung about the Neck, it remedies Witch- craft. Both the Leaves and Berries of Miſſelto do heat and dry, and are of ſubtil Parts; the Birdlime doth mollify hard Knots, Witchcraft, Impoft- Tumours, and Impoſthumes; ripeneth humes, Spleen, Ulcers, and diſcuſſeth them, and draweth forth Falling Sickneſs, Apo- thick as well as thin Humours from plexy, Pally, Impoft- the remote Parts of the Body, digeſt- humes. ing and ſeparating them. And being mixed with equal Parts of Roſin and Wax, doth mollify the Hardneſs of the Spleen, and helpeth old Ulcers and Sores, Being mixed with Sandarick and Orpiment, it helpeth to draw off foul Nails; and if Quick-lime and Wine lees be added thereunto, it worketh the ſtronger. The Miſfelto itſelf of the Oak (as the beft) made into Powder, and given in Drink to thoſe that have the Falling Sickneſs, doth afe ſuredly heal them, as Matthiolus faith : but it is fit to uſe it for forty Days together. Some have fo highly eſteemed it for the Virtues thereof, that they have called it Lignum Sanctæ Crucis, Wood of the Holy Crofs, believing it helps the Falling Sickneſs, Apoplexy, and Palſy, very ſpeedily, not only to be inwardly taken, but to be hung at their Neck. Tragus faith, that the freſh Wood of any Miffelto bruiſed, the Juice drawn forth and dropped into the Ears that have Impoſthumes in them, doth help and eaſe them within a few Days. Moneywort, or Herb Twopence. Defcript.) Ta ſmall thready Root divers long, weak, and а HE flender Branches, lying and running upon the Ground two or three Feet long or more, ſet with Leaves two at a Joint one againſt another at equal Diſtances, which are almoſt round, but pointed at the Ends, ſmooth, and of a good green Colour. At the Joints with the Leaves from the Middle forward come forth at every Point ſometimes one yellow Flower, and ſome- times two, Itanding each on a ſmall Foot-ſtalk, and made of five 218 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. five Leaves, narrow-pointed at the End with fome yellow Threads in the Middle; which being paſt, there ſtand in their Places ſmall round Heads of Seed. Place.] It groweth plentifully in almoſt all Places of this Land, commonly in moiſt Grounds by Hedge-fides, and in the Middle of graffy Fields. Time.] They flower in June and July, and their Seed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] Venus owns it. Moneywort is fingular good to ſtay all Fluxes in Man or Woman, whether they be Laſks, Bloody Fluxes, the Flow- Fluxes, Ulcers, Green ing of Womens Courſes. Bleeding in- Wounds, old Ulcers. wardly or outwardly, and the Weakneſs of the Stomach that is given to caft- ing. It is very good alſo for the Ulcers or Excoriations of the Lungs, or other inward Parts. It is exceeding good for all Wounds, either freſh or green, to heal them fpeedily, and for all old Ulcers that are of ſpreading Natures. For all which Purpoſes the Juice of the Herb, or the Powder drank in Water wherein hot Steel had been often quenched; or the Decoction of the green Herb in Wine or Water drank, or uted to the outward Place, to waſh or bathe them, or to have Tents dipped therein and put into them, are effectual. Moonwort. Defeript.) I Ind fiat Leaf , standing upon a thort Footkalk not T riſeth uſually but one dark, greenthick above two Fingers Breadth; but when it flowers, it may be faid to bear a ſmall flender Stalk,about four or five Inches high, having but one Leaf in the Middle thereof, which is much di- vided on both sides into ſometimes five or ſeven Parts on a Side, ſometimes more, each of which Parts is ſmall like the middle Rib,but broad forwards,pointed and round, reſembling therein a Half-moon, from whence it took the Name; the uppermoſt , Parts or Diviſions being bigger than the loweſt. The Stalks riſe above this Leaf two or three Inches, bearing many Branches of ſmall long Tongues, every one like the ſpiky Head of the Ad- der's Tongue, of a browniſh Colour, (which whether I ſhall call them Flowers, or the Seed, I well know not) which after they have continued a while, refolve into a mealy Duft. The Root The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 219 Root is ſmall and fibrous. This hath ſometimes divers ſuch like Leaves as are before deſcribed, with ſo many Branches or Tops riſing from one Stalk, each divided from the other. Place.] It groweth on Hills and Heaths, yet where there is , much Graſs, for therein it delighteth to grow. Tim..] It is to be found only in April and May; for in Fune, when any hot Weather cometh, for the moſt part it is withered and gone. Government and Virtues.] The Moon owns the Herb. Moon. wort is cold, and drying more than Adder's Tongue, and is therefore held to be more available for all Wounds both in- ward and outward. The Leaves boil- ed in Red Wine, and drank, ſtay the Womens Courſes, Vo- immoderate Flux of Womens Courſes, miting, Bleeding, bro- and the Whites. It alſo flayeth Bleed- ken and dësjointed ing, Vomiting, and other Fluxes. It Bones, Fluxes, green helpeth all Blows and Bruiſes, and to Wounds. conſolidate all Fractures and Diſloca- tions. It is good for Ruptures, but is chiefly uſed by moſt with other Herbs to make Oils or Balſams to heal fresh or green Wounds (as I ſaid before) either inward or outward, for which it is excellent good. Moonwort is an Herb which (they ſay) will open Locks, and uníhoe fuch Horſes as tread upon it ; This ſome laugh to ſcorn, and thoſe no ſmall Fools neither ; but Country People that I know, call it Unſhoe the Horſe Belides, I have heard Commanders ſay, that on White Down in Devonſhire, near Tiverton, there were found thirty Horſe ſhoes pulled off from the Feet of the Earl of Elſex's Horſes, being there drawn up in a Body, many of them being but newly ſhod, and no Reaſon known, which cauſed much Admiration ; and the Herb deſcribed uſually grows upon Heaths. Moffes. Shall not trouble the Reader with a Deſcription of theſe, I fince my Intent is to ſpeak only of two kinds, as the moſt principal, viz. Ground Moſs and Tree Mofs, both which are very well known. Place.] The Ground Mofs groweth in our moiſt Woods, and in the Bottom of Hills, in boggy Grounds, and in ſha- dowy 220 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. dowy Ditches, and many other ſuch like Places. The Tree Mols groweth only on Trees. Government and Virtues.] All Sorts of Moſles are under the Dominion of Saturn. The Ground Moſs is held to be fingu- lar good to break the Stone, and to expel and drive it forth by Urine, being boiled in Wine and drank. The Herb, being bruiſed and boiled in Water, and ap- Stone, Inflammations, plied, eaſeth all Inflammations and . Pains coming of an hot Cauſe; and is therefore uſed to eaſe the Pains of the hot Gout. The Tree Moſſes are cooling and binding, and partake of a digefting and mollifying Quality withal, as Galen faith, But each Moſs doth partake of the Nature of the Tree from whence it is taken; therefore that of the Oak is more binding, and is of good Effect to ſtay Fluxes in Fluxes, Vomiting, Man or Woman; as alſo Vomiting or Bleeding, Womens Bleeding, the Powder thereof being Courſes. taken in Wine. The Decoction thereof in Wine is very good for Women to be bath'd, or to fit in, that are troubled with the Overflowing of their Courſes. The ſame being drank ſtayeth the Stomach that is troubled with Caſting, or the Hiccough; and, as Avicena faith, it comforteth the Heart. The Powder thereof taken in Drink for ſome Time together, is thought available for the Dropſy. The Oil of thoſe that have had Dropſy, Head-ach, freſh Mofs fteeped therein for a Time, Sinews. and afterwards boiled and applied to the Temples and Forehead, doth mar- vellouſly eaſe the Head-ach coming of a hot Cauſe ;as alſo the Diſtillations of hot Rheums or Humours in the Eyes, or other Parts. The Ancients much uſed it in their Ointments and other Medicines againſt Laflitude, and to ftrengthen and comfort the Sinews: For which, if it was good then, I know no Reaſon but it may be found fo ftill. Motherwort. Deſcrip.] HIS hath a hard, ſquare, browniſh, rough, a ftrong Stalk,riſing three or four Feet high at leaft, ſpreading into many Branches, whereon grow Leaves on each Side, with long Foot-ſtalks, two at every Joint, which are ſomewhat broad and long, as if it were rough or coupled, with many great Veins therein of a fad 1. T lour, green Co- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 221 ز lour, and deeply dented about the Edges, and almoſt divided. From the Middle of the Branches up to the Tops of them (which are long and ſmall) grow the Flowers round them at Diſtances, in ſharp-pointed, rough, hard Hulks, of a more red or purple Colour than Balm or Horehound, but in the fame Manner or Form as the Horehounds, after which come ſmall, round, blackiſh Seeds in great Plenty. The Root ſendeth forth a Number of long Strings, and ſmall Fibres, taking ſtrong Hold in the Ground, of a dark yellowiſh, or browniſh Colour, and abideth as the Horehound doth; the Smell of this not much differeth from it. Place.] It groweth only in Gardens with us in England. Government and Virtues.] Venus owns the Herb, and it is under Leo. There is no better Herb to take melancholy Vapours from the Heart, to ſtrengthen it, and make a merry, chearful, blithe Soul, than this Herb. It may be kept in a Syrup or Conſerve; Melancholy Vapours, therefore the Latins called it Cardiaca. Swooning, fore Tra- Beſides,itmakes WomenjoyfulMothers vel, Mother, Urine, of Children, and ſettles their Wombs as Womens Courſes, theyſhould be, therefore we call it Mo- Phlegm, cold Phlegm, therwort. It is held to be of much Uſe Cramp, Convulſions. for the Trembling of the Heart, and Faintings and Swoonings; from whence it took the Name Cardiaca. The Powder thereof, to the Quantity of a Spoon- ful, drank in Wine, is a wonderful Help to Women in their fore Travel, as alſo for the Suffocation or Riſings of the Mo- ther, and for theſe Effects, it is likely it took the Name of Motherwort with us. It alſo provoketh Urine and Womens Courſes, cleanſeth the Cheſt of cold Phlegm, oppreffing it, killeth Worms in the Belly. It is of good Uſe to warm and dry up the cold Humours, to digeſt and diſperſe them that are ſettled in the Veins, Joints, and Sinews of the Body, and to heip Cramps and Convulſions. Mouſe-ear. ] Ouſe ear is a low Herb, creeping upon the , Plant, whereby it ſhooteth forth ſmall Roofs, whereat grow upon the Ground many ſmall and ſomewhat ſhort Leaves, fet in a round Form together, and very hairy, which being bro- ken do give a white Milk: From among theſe Leaves ſpring up Defcript.) MGround by finall Strings like the Strawberry 222 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. و up two or three ſmall hoary Stalks about a Span high, with a few ſmaller Leaves thereon ; at the Tops whereof ftandeth uſually but one Flower, conſiſting of manypale yellow Leaves, broad at the Point, and a little dented in, fet in three or four Rows the greater uppermoſt) very like a Dandelion Flower, and a little reddith underneath about the Edges, eſpecially if it grow in a dry Ground; which after they have ſtocd long in Flower do turn into Down, when with the Seed is carried away with the Wind. Place.] It groweth on Ditch Banks, and ſometimes in Ditches, if they be dry, and in ſandy Grounds. Time.] It flowereth about June or Buly, and abideth green all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] The Moon owns this Herb alſo ; and tho' Authors cry out upon Alchymiſts, for attempting to fix Quickſilver by this Herb and Moonwort, a Roman would not have judged a Thing by the Succeſs; if it be to be fixed at all, it is by Lunar Influence. The Juice thereof taken in Wine, or the Decoction thereof drank, doth help the Jaundice, although of long Continu- Jaundice, Stone, Bel- ance, to drink thereof Morning and by-ach, Drop/y,Flux, Evening, and abſtain from other Drink Wcunis, BloodyFlux, two or three Hours after. It is a ſpecial Terms fops, Cough, Remedy againſt the Stone,and the tor- Phthiſick, Canker, menting Pains thereof; as alſo other Ulcers, Ruplures, Tortures and griping Pains of the Bow- Spreading Sores. els. The Decoction thereof with Succo- ry and Centaury is held very effectual to help the Dropſy, and them that are inclining thereunto, and the Diſeaſes of the Spleen. - It ſtayeth the "Fluxes of Elood, either at the Mouth or Noſe, and inward Bleeding alſo, for it is a fingular Wound Herb for Wounds both in- ward and outward : It help th the Bloody Flux, and help- eth the Abundance of Womens Courſes. There is a Sy- rup made of the Juice hereof, and Sugar, by the Apothe- caries of Italy, and other places, which is of much AC- count with them, to be given to thoſe that are troubled with the Cough or Phthifick. The fame alſo is fingular good for Ruptures or Burſtings. The green Herb bruiſed and preſently bound to any cut or Wound, doth quickly folder the Lips thereof. And the Juice, Decoction, or Powder of the dried Herb is moft fingular to itay the Malignity of The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 223 C of ſpreading and fretting Cankers and Ulcers whatſoever, yea, in the Mouth and Secret Parts. The diſtilled Water of the Plant is available in all the Diſeaſes aforeſaid, and to waſh outward Wounds and Sores, and apply Tents of Cloths wet therein. Mugwort. Deſcript.] Ommon Mugwort hath divers Leaves lying up- on the Ground, very much divided, or cut deeply in about the Brims, ſomewhat like Wormwood, but much larger, of a dark green Colour on the upper Side, and very hoary white underneath. The Stalks riſe to be four or five Feet high, having on it ſuch like Leaves as thoſe below, but ſomewhat ſmaller, branching forth very much towards the Top, whereon are ſet very ſmall, pale, yellowiſh Flowers like Buttons, which fallaway, and after them come ſmall Seeds in- cloſed in round Heads. The Root is long and hard, with many ſmall Fibres growing from it, whereby it taketh ſtrong hold on the Ground; but both Stalk and Leaf do lie down every Year, and the Root ſhooteth anew in the Spring. The whole Plant is of a reaſonable Scent, and is more eaſily propa- gated by the Slips than the Seed. Place.] It groweth plentifully in many places of this Land, by the Water-fides; as alſo by ſmall Water-courſes, and in divers other places. Time.] It flowereth and ſeedeth in the End of Summer. Government and Virtues.] This is an Herbcf Venus, there- fore maintaineth the Parts of the Body ſhe rules, remedies the Diſeaſes of the Parts that are under her Signs Taurus and Lia bra. Mugwort is with good Succeſs put among other Herbs that are boiled for Women to fit over the hot Decoction to draw down their Terms provokes, Courſes, to help the Delivery of their Birth, After-birth, Birth, and expel the After-birth. As Womb inflamed, alſo for the Obſtructions and Infiam- Pains in the Neck, mations of the Mother. It breaketh King's Evil, Opium, the Stone, and cauſeth one to make Sciatica, Sinews Water where it is ſtopped. 'The Juice pained, Cramp. thereof inade up with Myrrh, and put under as a Peſſary, worketh the ſame Effects, and ſo doth the Root alſo. Being made up with Hogs Greaſe into an Oint- ment, it taketh away Wens and hard Knots and Kernels that grow a 224 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. grow about the Neck and Throat, and eaſeth the Pains about the Neck more effectually, if ſome Field Daiſies be put with it. The Herb itſelf being freſh, or the Juice thereof taken, is a ſpecial Remedy upon the overmuch taking of Opium. Three Drams of the Powder of the dried Leaves taken in Wine, is a ſpeedy and the beſt certain Help for the Sciatica. A Decoction thereof made with Camomile and Agrimony, and the Place bathed therewith while it is warm, taketh away the Pains of the Sinews, and the Cramp. Т. The Mulberry-Tree. HIS is ſo well known where it groweth, that it need eth no Deſcription. Time.] It beareth Fruit in the Months of July and Auguft. Government and Virtues] Me cury rules the Tree, there- fore are its Effects variable, as his are. The Mulberry is of different Parts; the ripe Berries, by reaſon of their Sweetneſs and flippery Moiſture, opening the Body, and the unripe binding it, eſpecially when they are dried, and then they are good to ſtay Fluxes, Laiks, and the Abundance of Womens Courſes. The Bark of the Root killeth Bleeding, Fluxes, In- the broad Worms in the Body. The flammation, Lafks, Juice or the Syrup made of the Juice Terms stops, Uvula, of the Berries, helpeth all Inflamma- foreMouthandThroat, tions or Sores in the Mouth,or Throat, Tooth-ach Bleeding, and Palate of the Mouth when it is Hæmorrhoids. fallen down. The Juice of the Leaves is a Remedy againſt the biting of Ser- pents, and for thoſe that have taken Aconite. The Leaves beaten with Vinegar are good to lay on any Place that is burnt with Fire. A Decočion made of the Bark and Leaves is good to waſh the Mouth and Teeth when they ake. If the Root be a little ſlit or cut, and a ſmall Hole made in the Ground next thereunto, in the Harveft-time, it will give out a certain Juice, which being hardened the nextDay,is of good Ufe to help the Tooth-ach, to diſſolve Knots, and purge the Belly. The Leaves of Mulberries are ſaid to ftay Bleeding at the Mouth or Noſe,or the Bleeding of A Curious Secret. the Piles, or of a Wound, being bound unto the Places. A Branch of the Tree taken when the Moon is at the Full, and bound to the Wriſt of a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 225 of a Woman's Arm, whoſe Courſes come down too much, doth ſtay them in a ſhort Space. Mullein. Ommon White Mullein hath many fair, large, Defcript.woolly white Leaves, lying next the Ground, ſomewhat larger than broad, pointed at the End, and as it were dented about the Edges. The Stalk riſeth up to be four or five Feet high, covered over with ſuch like Leaves, but lef- ſer, ſo that no Stalk can be ſeen forthe Multitude of Leaves · thereon up to the Flowers, which come forth on all sides of the Stalk, without any Branches for the moſt part, and are many ſet together in a long Spike, in ſome of a yellow Colour, in others more pale, conſiſting of five round pointed Leaves, which afterwards have ſmall round Heads, wherein is ſmall brownish Seed contained. The Root is long, white, and woody, periihing after it hath borne seed. Place.] It groweth by Way-fides and Lanes, in many Places of this Land. Time.] It flowereth in July, or thereabouts. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Saturn. A ſmall Quantity of the Root given in Wine, is commended by Diofcorides, againſt Fluxes, Ruptures, Laſks and Fluxes of the Belly. The Decoction hereof drank, is profitable Cramps, Convulſions, for thoſe that are buriten, and for Coughs, Tooth-ach, Hemorrhoids, Bloody Cramps and Convulſions, and for thoſe that are troubled with an old flux, Obſtructions, Cough. The Decoction thereof Reins, Bladder, Si- news, Gout, Warts, gargled, eaſeth the Pains of the Belly-ach, Cholick, In- Tooth-ach. And the Cil made by flammation, Thorns, the often Infuſion of the Flowers, is Splinters, Boils, of very good Effect for the Piles. Groin, Disjunktions. The Decoction of the Root in Red Wine or in Water, (if there be an Ague) wherein red-hot Steel hath been often quenched, doth ſtay the Bloody-flux. The fame alſo openeth Obſtructions of the Bladder and Reins when one cannot make Water. A Decoction of the Leaves hereof, and of Sage, Marjoram, and Camomile Flowers, and the Places bathed therewith, that have Sinews ſtark with Cold or Cramps, doth bring them much Eaſe and Comfort. Three Ounces of the diſtilled Water of the Flowers drank Morning and 226 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. . . and Evening for ſome Days together, is ſaid to be the moſt excellent Remedy for the Gout. The Juice of the Leaves and Flowers being laid upon rough Warts, as alſo the Powder of the dried Roots rubbed on, doth eaſily take them away, but doth no good to ſmooth Warts. The Powder of the dried Flowers is an eſpecial Remedy for thoſe that are troubled with the Belly-achs, or the Pains of the Cholick. The Decoction of the Root, and ſo likewiſe of the Leaves, is of great Effect to diſſolve the Tumours, Swellings, or Inflammation of the Throat. The Seed and Leaves boiled in Wine, and applied, draw forth ſpeedily Thorns or Splinters gotten into the Fleih, eaſe the Pains, and heal them alſo. The Leavce bruiſed and wrapped in double Fapers, and covered with hot Aſhes and Embers to bake a while, and then taken forth and laid warm on any Blotch or Boil happening in the Groin or Share, doth diffolve and healthem. The Seed bruiſed and boiled in Wine, and laid on any Member that hath been out of Joint, and newly ſet again, taketh away all Swelling and Pain thereof. Muſtard. .] UR common Muſtard hath large and broad rough Leaves, very much jagged with uneven and unorderly Galhes, fomewhat like Turnip Leaves, but leffer and rougher. The Stalk rifeth to be more than a Foot high, and ſometimes two Feet high, being round, rough, and branched at the Top, bearing ſuch like Leaves thereon as grow below, but leſſer, and leſs divided, and divers yellow Flowers one above another at the Tops, after which come ſmall rough Pods, with ſmall, lank, flat Ends, wherein is contained round yellowiſh Seed, ſharp, hot, and biting up- on the Tongue. The Root is ſmall, long, and woody when it beareth Stalks, and periſheth every Year. Place.] This groweth with us in Gardens only, and other manured Places. Time.] It is an annual Plant, flowering in July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an excellent Sauce for fuch whoſe Blood wants clarifying, and for weak Stomachs, being an Herb of Mars, but naught for cholerick People, though as good for ſuch as are aged, or troubled with cold Diſeaſes. Aries claims ſomething to do with it, therefore it ſtrengthens the Deſcript.) O The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 227 up the Heart and refifteth Poiſon. Let ſuch whoſe Stomachs are ſo weak they cannot digeſt their Meat, or appetite it, take of Muſtard ſeed a Dram, Cinnamon as much, and having beaten them to Powder and half as much Maſtick in Powder, and with Gum Arabick diffolved in Roſe-water, make it into Troches, of which they may take one of about half a Dram weight an hour or two before Meals ; let old Men and Women make much of this Medicine, and they will either give me Thanks, or ſhew manifeſt Ingratitude. Muſtard Seed hath the Virtue of heating, diſcuſſing, rarifying, and drawing out Splinters of Heats, Dries, Splin- Bones, and other Things of the Fleſh. ters, Thorns, Terms It is of good Effect to bring down provokes, Falling Sick- WomensCourſes, for the Falling Sick- neſs, Lethargy, Sneez- neſs or Lethargy, drowſy forgetful ing, Dyſury, Poiſon, Evil, to uſe it both inwardly and out- Muſhrooms, Venomous wardly, to rub the Noſtrils, Forehead, Beaſts, Agues, Luft and Temples, to warm and quicken provokes, Spleen, Uvu- the Spirits; for by the fierce Sharpneſs la,Sciatica, Toothach, it purgeth the Brain by Sneezing, and Pains, Hair, Bruiſes, drawing down Rheum and other viſ- black and blue Spots, cous Humours, which by their Diſtil- Roughneſs, Leproſy, lations upon the Lungs and Cheſt, Louſe-evil, Morphew, procure Coughing, and therefore with Freckles, Wry Necks. ſome Honey added thereto doth much good therein. The Decoction of the Seed made in Wine, and drank, provoketh Urine, refifteth the Force of Poiſon, the Malignity of Muſhrooms, and Venom of Scorpions, or other venomous Creatuers, if it be taken in time; and taken before the cold Fits of Agues, altereth, leffeneth, and cureth them. The Seed taken either by itſelf, or with other 'Things, either in an Electuary or Drink, doth mightily ftir up bodily Luft, and helpeth the Spleen and Pains in the Sides, and Gnawings in the Bowels; and uſed as a Gargle draweth up the Palate of the Mouth, being fallen down; and alſo it diffolveth the Swellings about the Throat, if it be outwardly applied. Being chewed in the Mouth it oftentimes helpeth the Tooth-ach. The outward Application hereof upon the pained Place of the Sciatica, diſcuſſeth the Humours, and eaſeth the Pains, as alſo the Gout, and other Joint-achs; and is much and often uſed to eaſe Pains in the Sides or Loins, th 228 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. the Shoulders, or other Parts of the Body, upon the plying thereof to raiſe Bliſters, and cureth the Diſeaſe by drawing it to the outward Parts of the Body. It is alſo uſed to help the falling off of the Hair. The Seed bruiſed, mixed with Honey, and applied, or made up with Wax, taketh away the Marks and black and blue Spots of Bruiſes, or the like, the Rough- nefs or Scabbineſs of the Skin, as alſo the Leproſy, and Loufy Evil. It helpeth alſo the Crick in the Neck. The diſtilled Water of the Herb, when it is in the Flower, is much uſed to drink inwardly to help in any of the Diſeaſes aforeſaid, or to waſh the Mouth when the Palate is down, and for the Diſeaſe of the Throat to gargle, but outwardly alſo for Scabs, Itch, or other the like Infirmities, and cleanſ- eth the Face from Morphew, Spots, Freckles, and other De- formities. The Hedge Muſtard. HIS groweth up uſually but with one blackiſh Defcript. green Stalk, tough, eaſy to bend, but not to TH break, branched into divers Parts, and ſometimes with di- vers Stalks ſet full of Branches, whereon grow long, rough, or hard rugged Leaves, very much tore or cut on the Edges in many Parts, ſome bigger, and ſome leſſer, of a dirty green Colour. The Flowers are ſmall and yellow, that grow on the Tops of the Branches in long Spikes, flowering by Degrees ; fothat continuing long in Flower, the St Ik, will have ſmall round Cods at the Bottom, growing upright and cloſe to the Stalk, while the Top Flowersyet ſhew themſelves, in which are contained ſmall yellow Seed, ſharp and ſtrong, as the Herb is alſo. The Root groweth down ſlender and woody, yet abiding and ſpringing again every Year. Time. This groweth frequently in this Land, by the and Hedge-fides, and ſometimes in the open Fields. Time.] It flowereth moſt uſually about July. Government and Virtues.] Mars owns this Herb.alſo. It is fingular good in all the Difeaſes Cheft, Lungs, Hoarſeneſs, of the Cheft and Lungs, Hoarſe- Cough,Shortneſsof Breath neſs of Voice and by the Uſe of Jaundice,Pleurify,Back, the Decoction thereof for a little Loins, Belly, Cholic Poiſon Space, thoſe have been recovered who Ways The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 229 who had utterly loſt their Voice, and Sciatica, Gout, Joints, almoſt their Spirits alſo. The Juice Fiftulas, . Ulcers, thereof made into a Syrup, or licking Cankers, Teſticles, Medicine, with Honey or Sugar, is no Womens Breaſts. leſs effectual for the ſame Purpoſe, and for all other Coughs, Wheezing, and Shortneſs of Breath. The ſame is alſo profitable for thoſe that have the Jaundice, the Pleuriſy, Pains in the Back and Loins, and for Torments in the Belly, or Cholick, being alſo uſed in Clyfters. The Seed is held to be a fpecial Remedy againſt Poiſon and Ve- nom. It is fingular good for the Sciatica, Gout, and in Joint-aches, Ulcers and Cankers in the Mouth, Throat, or be- hind the Ears, and no leſs for the Hardneſs and Swelling of the Tefticles, or of Womens Breaſts. Nailwort, or Whitlowgrafs. Defcript. To Roots, a ver only a few Stringe ; neither doth TH HIS very and Herb hath ſmall a it ever grow to be above a Hand's Breadth high; the Leaves are very ſmall, and ſomething long, not much unlike thoſe of Chickweed, among which riſe up divers ſlender Stalks, bearing many white Flowers one above another, which are exceeding ſmall; after which come ſmall flat Pouches con- taining the Seed, which is very ſmall, but of a ſharp Taſte. Place.] It grows commonly upon old Stone and Brick Walls, and ſometimes in dry gravelly Grounds, eſpecially if there be Graſs or Moſs near to ſhadow it. Time.] They flower very early in the Year, ſometimes in January, and in February; for before the End of April they are not to be found. Government and Virtues.] It is held to be exceeding good for thoſe Impoſthumes in the Joints, and under the Nails, which they call Impofthumes, Whit- Whitlows, Felons, Andicoms andNail- lows, Felons, Andi- wheals. Such as would be knowing coms, Nail-wheals. Phyſicians, let them read thoſe Books of mine of the laſt Edition, viz Reverius, Riolanus, Johnſon, Veftingus, Sennertus, L Nep, 230 . I be Engliſh Plyſician Enlarged. Nep, or Catmint. Deſcript.) CSquare Stalks, with a Hoarineſs on them; na С green Leaves ] Ommon Nep four- , Yard high or more, full of Branches, bearing at every Joint two broad Leaves like Balm, but longer pointed, ſofter, whi- ter, and more hoary, nicked about the Edges, and of a ſtrong • ſweet Scent. The Flowers grow in large Tufts at the Tops of the Branches, and underneath them i kewile on the Stalks many together, of a whitiſh purple Colour. The Roots are compoſed of many long Strings or Fibres, faſtening them- felves ſtronger in the Ground, and abide with thereon all the Winter. Place.] It is only nurſed up in our Gardens. Time.] And it flowereth in July, or thereabouts. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Venus. Nep is generally uſed for Women to procure Terms provokes, their Courſes, being taken inwardly or Barrenneſs, Womb, outwardly, either alone, or with other Mother,Wind-Cough, convenient Herbs in a Decoction to Rheums, Vertigo, bathe them, or fit over the hot Fumes Cramp, cold Aches, thereof; and bythe frequent Uſe there- Dificulty of Breath, of, it takes away Barrenneſs, and the Bruiſe, Hæmorrhoids, Wind, and Pains of the Mother. It is jcabby Head. alſo uſed in Pains of the Head coming of any cold Cauſe,Catarrahs,Rheums, and for Swimming and Giddineſs thereof, and is of ſpecial Uſe for the Windineſs of the Stomach and Belly. It is effec- tual for any Cramp, or cold Aches, to diffolve Cold and Wind that aftlieteth the Place, and is uſed for Colds, Coughs, and Shortneſs of Breath. The Juice thereof drank in Wine, is profitable for thoſe that are bruiſed by an Accident. The green Herb bruiſed and applied to the Fundament, and lying there two or three Hours, eaſeth the Pains of the Piles; the Juice alſo being made up into an Ointment, is effectual for the fame Purpoſe. The Head waſhed with a Decoction there- of, it taketh away Scabs, and may be effectual for other Parts of the Body alſo. a Nettles The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 231 7 Nettles. N Ettles are ſo well known, that they need no Deſcription ; they may be found by feeling, in the darkeſt Night. Government and Virtues.] This is alſo an Herb Mars claims Dominion over. You know Mars is hot and dry, and you know as well that Winter is cold and moist; then you may know as well the Reaſon why Nettle Tops eaten in Spring. conſumeth the phlegmatick Superfluities in the Body of Man, that the Coldneſs and Moiitneſs of Winter hath left behind. The Roots or Leaves boiled, or the Juice of either of them, or both, made into an Electuary with Honey and Sugar, is a ſafe and ſure Medicine to open the Pipes Lungs, Wheezing, and Paſſages of the Lungs, which is Shortneſs of Breath, the Cauſe of Wheezing and Shortnes Alnionds of Breath, and helpeth to expectorate Pleuriſy, tough Phlegm, as alſo to raise the im- of the Ears, Throat, Mouth, Uvula. posthumed Pleurify; and ſpend it by fpitting; the ſame helpetń the swelling of the Almonds of the Throat, the Mouth and Throat being gargled therewith. The Juice is alſo effectual to ſettle the Palace of the Mouth in its Place, anu to heal and temper the Inflammations and Soreneſs of the Mouth and Throat. The De- coction of the Leaves in Wine, being ther, Dyfury, Gravel, Terms provokes, M.- drank, is fingular good to provoke Worms, spleen, Bleed! Womens Courſes, and ſettle the Suffo- cation, ftrangling of the Mother, and ing, venomous Beasts, all other Diſeaſes thereof; as alſo ap mad Dogs, Hemlock, Henbane, Night- plied outwardly with a little Myrrh. The fame alſo, or the Seed, provoketh Mades, Mandrakes, Urine, and expelleth the Gravel and Lethargy, Morphew, Stone in the Reins or Bladder, often Leproly, , proved to be effectual in many that Polypus, Ulcers,Fij u- have taken it. The fame killeth the las, Gangrenes, Scobs, Worms in Children, eaſethPains in the Itch, Wounds, Weari - neſs, Disjunctures, Sides, and diffolveth the Windineſs in Gout,Sciatica, cints, the Spleen, as alſo in the Body, al- though others think it only powerful to provoke Venery. The Juice of the Leaves taken two or three Days together, ſtayeth bleeding at the Mouth. The Seed being drank, is a Remedy againſt the ſtinging of venomous Creatures, the biting a Bleedings I 2 of 232 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a of mad Dogs, the poiſonful Qualities of Hemlock,Henbane, Nightſhade, Mandrake, or other ſuch like Herbs that ſtupify or dull the Senſe; as alſo the Lethargy, eſpecially to ufe it outwardly, to rub the Forehead or Temples in the Lethargy, and the Places ftung or bitten with Beaſts, with a little Salt. The diſtilled Water of the Herb is alſo effectual (altho' not ſo powerful) for the Diſeaſes aforeſaid ; as for outward Wounds and Sores to waſh them, and to cleanſe the Skin from Mor- phew, Leproſy, and other Diſcolourings thereof. The Seed or Leaves bruiſed, and put into the Noftrils, ſtayeth the Bleeding of them, and taketh away the Fleſh growing in them *called Polypus. The Juice of the Leaves, or the Decoction of them, or of the Root, is fingular good to waſh either old, rotten, or ſtinking Sores or Fiſtulas, and Gangrenes, and ſuch as are fretting, eating, or corroding Scabs, Mangineſs, and Itch, in any part of the Body, as alſo green Wounds, by waſh- ing them therewith, or applying the green Herb bruiſed there- unto, yea, altho' the Fleſh were ſeparated from the Bones; the fame applied to our wearied Members, refreſhing them, or to Places that have been out of Joint, being firft ſet up again, ſtrengtheneth, drieth, and comforteth them, as alſo thoſe Places troubled with Aches and Gouts, and the De- fluxion of Humours upon the Joints or Sinews; it eaſeth the Pains, and drieth or diffolveth the Defluxions. An Ointment made of the Juice, Oil, and a little Wax, is fingular good to rub cold and benummed Members. An Handful of the Leaves of green Nettles, and another of Wallwort, or Deanwort, bruiſed and applied fimply of themſelves to the Gout, Sciatica, or Joint aches in any Part, hath been found to be an admi. rable Help thereunto. a Nightſhade. Ommon Nightſhade hath an upright, round, Defcrip green, hollow Stalk, about a Foot or Half a Yard high, bufhing forth in many Branches, whereon grow many green Leaves, ſomewhat broad and pointed at the Ends, feft and full of Juice, fomewhat like unto Bazil, but longer and a little unevenly dented about the Edges : At the Tops of the Stalks and Branches come forth three or four more white Flowers made of five ſmall pointed Leaves a-piece, ftanding on a Stalk together, one above another, with yellow Pointels The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 233 Pointels in the Middle,compoſed of four or five yellow Threads fet together, which afterwards run into ſo many pendulous green Berries, of the bigneſs of ſmall Peaſe, full of green Juice, and ſmall whitiſh round Rat Seed lying within it. The Root is white, and a little woody when it hath given Flower and Fruit,with many finall Fibres at it: The wholePlant is of a waterih inſipid Taſte, but the Juice within the Berries is ſomewhat viſcous, and of a cooling and binding Quality. Place.] It groweth wild with us under our Walls, and in Rubbiſh, the common Paths, and Sides of Hedges and Fields, as alſo in our Gardens here in England, without any planting. Time.] It lieth down every Year, and riſeth again of its own fowing, put ſpringeth not until the latter End of April at the fooneſt. Government and Virtues.] It is a cold Saturnine Plant. The common Nightſhade is wholly uſed to cool hot Infammations either inwardly or outwardly, being no ways dangerous to any that uſe it, as Inflammations, In- moit of the reſt of the Nightſhades ere; flammations in the yet it muſt be uſed moderately. The Eyes, Shingles, Ring- diſtilled Wateronly of the whole Herb worms, Terms ſtops, is fitteſtand ſafetto be taken inwardly: Teſticles, Gout, Ears. The Juice alſo clarified and taken, be- ing mingled with a little Vinegar, is good to waſh the Mouth and Throat that is infamed: But outwardly the Juice of the Herbs or Berries, with Oil of Roſes and a little Vinegar and Cerufe labour'd together in a leaden Mortar, is very good to anoint all hot Inflammations in the Eyes. It alſo doth much good for the Shingles, Ringworms, and in all running, fretting and corroding Ulcers, applied thereunto. A Peſary dipped in the Juice, and dropped into the Matrix, ſtayeth the inimoderate Flux of Womens Courſes; a Cloth wet therein, and applied to the Tefticles or Cods, upon any Swelling therein, giveth much Eaſe, alſo to the Gout that cometh of hot and ſharp Humours. The Juice dropped into the Ears, eaſeth Pains thereof that ariſe of Heat or Inflammations. And Pliny faith, it is good for hot Swellings under the Throat. Have a Care you miſtake not the Deadly Nightſhade for this ; if you know it not, you may let them both alone, and take no Harm, having other Medicines ſufficient in the Book. The a I 3 234 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. The Oak, T T is ſo well known (the Timber thereof Leing the Glory and Safety of this Nation by Sea) that it needeth no De- fcription. Government and Virtues.] Jupiter owns the Tree. The Leaves and Bark of the Oak, and the Acorn Cups, do bind and dry very much. The inner Bark Dry, bind, Spitting of the Tree, and the thin Skin that co- Blood, Flux, Vomiting vereth the Acorn, are moit uſed to ftay venerous Acts, Poiſon, the ſpitting of Blood, and the Bloody Dyfury, venomous Flux: The Decoction of that Bark, and Beaſts, Cantharides, the Powder of the Cups, do ſtay Vo- IJlcers of the Bladder. mitings,Spitting of Blood, Bleeding at the Mouth, or other Flux of Blood in Men or Women ; Laſks alſo, and the involuntary Flux fna- tural Seed. The Acorn in Powder taken in Wine, provoketh Urine, and refifteth the Poiſon of venomous Creatures. The Decoction of Acorns and the Bark made in Milk and taken, refifteth the Force of poiſonous Herbs and Medicines, as alſo the Virulency of Cantharides, when one by eating them hath his Bladder exulcerated, and pifleth Blood. Hippocrates faith, he uſed the Fumes of Oak Leaves to Women that were trou- bied with the ſtrangling of the Mother; and Galen applied them, be ng bruiſed, to cure green Wounds. The diftilled Water of the Oaken Bud, before they break out into Leaves, is good to be uſed either inwardly or outwardly, to affwage Inflammations, and to ſtop all manner Mother, Wounds, of Fluxes in Man or Woman. The Inflammations, Flux, fame is fingular good inpeftilential and Peſtilences, epidemical hot burning Fevers; for it refifteth the Diſeaſes. Liver, Stone, Force of the Infection, and allayeth the Terms ſtops, Scabs. Heat: It cooleth the Heat of the Liver, breaketh the Stone in the Kidneys, and stayeth Womens Courſes. The Decoction of the Leaves worketh the ſame Effects. The Water that is found in the hollow Places of old Oaks, is very effectual againſt any foul or ſpreading Scabs. The diſtilled Water (or Concoction, which is better) of the Leaves, is one of the beſt Remedies that I know of for the Whites in Women. Oats. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 235 Oats. T HESE are fowell known that they need no Deſcription. Government and Virtuese ] Oats fried with Bay Salt, and applied to the sides, take away the Pains of Stitches and Wind in the sides of the Belly. A Poultice made of Meal of Oats, and fime Oil Stich, Wind, Itch, of Bays put thereunto, helpeth the Itch Leprofiese Fiftulas, and the Leproſy, as alſo the Fiftulas of Impoſthnmes,Freckles: the Fundament, and diffolveth hardIm- poſthumes. The Meal of Oats boiled with Vinegar, and ap- plied, taketh away Freckles and Spots in the Face, and other Parts of the Body. One Blade. Deſcript.) T Leaf, butonly when it riſeth up with his Stalk, HIS ſmall Plant never beareth more than one which thereon beareth another, and ſeldom more, which are of a blueish green Colour, pointed, with many Ribs or Veins therein, like Plantain. At the Top of the Stalk grow many ſmall white Flowers, Star falhion, ſmelling ſomewhat ſweet; after which come ſmall red Berries, when they are ripe. The Roots is ſmall,of the Bigneſs of a Ruth, lying and creeping un- der the upper Cruit of the Earth, ſhooting forth in diversPlaces. Place.] It groweth in moiſt, ſhadowy, and graſſy Places of Woods, in many places of this Land. Time.] It lowereth about May, and the Berries are ripe in June, and then quickly periſheth, until the next Year it ſpringeth from the ſame Root again. Government and Virtues.] It is a precious Herb of the Sun. Half a Dram, or a Dram at moſt, in Powder of the Roots hereof taken in Wine and Vinegar, of each equal Parts, and the Party laid preſently to ſweat thereupon, is held to be a ſovereign Remedy for thoſe that are infected with the Plague, and have a Sore upon them, by expel- ling the Poiſon and Infection, and Peſtilence, defending the Heart and Spirits from Epidemical Diſeaſes, Danger. It is a ſingular good Wound Wounds, Sinews cut. Herb,and is thereupon uſed with other the like Effects in many compound Balms for curing of Wounds, Poiſon, I 4 236 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Wounds, be they freſh and green, or old and malignant, and eſpecially if the Sinews be burnt. a Orchis. Thath gotten almoſt as many ſeveral Names attributed to the ſeveral Sorts of it, as would almoſt fill a Sheet of Pa- per; as Dog-ſtones, Goat-fiones, Fool-ſtones, Fox-ſtones, Satirion, Cullians, together with many others, too tedious to rehearſe. Defcript.] To deſcribe all the ſeveral Serts of it, were an endleſs Piece of Work: therefore I ſhall only deſcribe the Roots, becauſe they are to be uſed with ſome Diſcretion. They have each of them a double Root within, fome of them are round, in others like a Hand; theſe Roots alter every Year by courſe, when the one rifeth and waxeth full, the other waxeth lank,and periſheth: Now it is that which is fullwhich is to be uſed in Medicines, the other being either of no Uſe at all, or elſe, according to the Humour of fome, it deftroys and difannuls the Virtue of the other, quite undoing what that doth. Time.] One or other of them may be found in flower from the Beginning of April to the latter End of Auguſt. Temperature and Virtues.] They are hot and moilt in Opera- tion, under the Dominion of Dame Worms, King's Evil, Venus,and provoketh Luft exceedingly, Lnff provokeih. which they ſay the dried and withered Roots reſtrain again. They are held to kill the Worms in Children; as alſo being bruiſed and applied to the Flace, to help the King's Evil. Onions. HEY are ſo well known, that I need not ſpend Time about writing a Deſcription of them. Government and Virtues.] Mars owns them, and they have gotten this Quality, to draw any Corruption to them; for if ; you peel one, and lay it upon a Dunghill, you ſhall find him rotten in half a Day, by drawing Putrefaction to it; then be- ing bruiſed and applied to a Plague Sore, it is very probable it will do the like, T. Onions The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 237 Onions are flatulent, or windy; yet they do fomewhat pro- voke Appetite, increaſe Thirſt, eaſe the Belly and Bowels, provoke Womens Courſes, help the Biting of a mad Dog, and of other Mad Dogs, Worms, venomous Creatures, to be uſed with Cough, Lethargy, Honey and Rue, increaſe Sperm, eſpe- Epidemical Diſeaſes. cially the Seed of them. They alſo kill Worms in Children if they drink the Water faſting wherein they have been ſteeped all Night. Being roaſted under the Embers, and eaten with Honey or Sugar and Oil, they much conduce to help an inveterate Cough, and expectorate the tough Phlegm. The Juice being ſnuffed up in the Noftrils, purgeth the Head, and helpeth the Lethargy (yet the often eating them is faid to procure Pains in the Head). It hath been held by divers Country People a great Preſervative againſt Infection, to eat Onions faſting with Bread and Salt: as alſo to make a great Onion hollow, filling the place with good Treacle, and after to roaft it well under the Embers, which after taking away the outermoft Skin thereof, being beaten together, is a ſovereign Salve foreitherPlague or Sores, or any other putrefied Ulcer. The Juice of Onions is good for either Scalding or Burning by Fire, Water, or Gunpow- der, and uſed with Vinegar, taketh away all Blemiſhes, Spots, and Marks in the Skin; and dropped in the Ears, eaſeth the Pains and Noife of them. Applied alſo with Figs beaten together, helpeth to ripen and break Impofta humes, and other Sores, Leeks are as like them in Quality, as the Pome-water is like an Apple: They are a Remedy againſt a Surfeit of Muſh- rooms, being baked under the Embers and taken; and be ing boiled and applied very warm, help the Piles. In other Things they have the ſame Property as the Onions, although not ſe effectual. Deſcript.) brittle Starks, thick fet with fat and defter Orpine. Ommon Orpine riſeth up with divers round , Leaves, without any Order, and little or nothing dented about the Edges, of a green Colour: The Flowers are white, or whitiſh, growing in Tufts, after which come ſmall chaffy Huſks, with Seeds like Duſt in them. The Roots are divers, thick, L 5 238 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. thick, round, white, tuberous Clogs: and the Plant groweth not ſo big in fome Places as in others where it is found. Place.] It is frequent almoſt in every County of this Land. and is cheriſhed in Gardens with us, where it groweth greater than that which is wild, and groweth in ſhadowy Sides of Fields and Woods. Time.] It flowereth about July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The Moon owns the Herb, and he that knows but her Exaltation, knows what I ſay is true. Orpine is ſeldom uſed in inward Medicines with us,although Tragus faith from Experience in Germany, that the diſtilled Water thereof is profitable for Gnawings or Excoriations in the Stomach or Bowels; or for Uicers Excoriations of Bow- in the Lungs, Liver, or other inward els, Phtyſick, Womb, Parts,as alſo in the Matrix,and helpeth BloodyFlux,Wounds, all thoſe Diſeaſes, being drank for cer- Inflammations, Scald- tain Days together. And that it ſtayeth ings,Burnings,Quin- theSharpneſs of Humours in the Bloody sy, Ruptures. Flux, and other Fluxes in the Body or in Wounds. The Root thereof alſo performeth the like Effect. It is uſed outwardly to cool any Heat or Inflammation upon any Hurt or Wound, and eaſeth the Pains of them; as alſo to heal Scaldings or Burnings, the Juice thereof being beaten with ſome green Sallad Oil, and anointed. The Leaf bruiſed, and laid to any green Wound in the Hands or Legs, doth heal them quickly; and being bound to the Throat, much helpeth the Quinfy ; it helpeth alſo Ruptures and Burſtenneſs. If you pleaſe to make the Juice thereof into a Syrup with Honey or Sugar, you may lafely take a Spoonful or two at a Time (let my Author fay what he will) for a Quinſy, and you ſhall find the Medicine more pleaſant, and the Cure more ſpeedy, than if you had taken a Dog's Turd, which is the vulgar Cure. ; Parſley. T HIS is ſo well known, that it needeth no Defcrip- tion, Govern- , 12 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 239 : Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Mer- cury, and is very comfortable to the Stomach, and helpeth to , provoke Urine and Womens Courſes, and to break Wind both in the Sto- Stomach, Dyfury, mach and Bowels, and doth a little open Terms provokes, Li- the Body, but the Root much more ; ver, Spleen, Falling and openeth Obſtructions both of Liver Sickneſs,Stone,Wind, and Spleen, and is therefore accounted venom u Beofts, Suck- one of the five opening Roots, Galen ing Children, Cough, commended it againſt the Falling Sick- Eyes, Womens Breaſts, neſs, and to provoke Urine mightily, curdled Milk, black eſpecially if the Roots be boiled, and and blue Marks, eaten like Parſnips. The Seed is effec- Jaundice, Dropy. tual to provoke Urine and Womens Courſes, to expel Wind, to break the Stone, and eaſeth the Pains and Torments thereof; it is alſo effe&tual againit the Venom of any poiſonous Creature, and the Danger that cometh to them that have the Lethargy, and is as good againſt the Cough. The diſtilled Water of Parſley is a familiar Me- dicine with Nurſes to give their Children when they are trou- bled with Wind in the Stomach or Belly, which they call the Frets; and is alſo much available to them that are of great Years. The Leaves of Parſley laid to the Eyes that are in- flamed with Heat, or ſwoln, doth much help them, if it be uſed with Bread or Meal; and being fried with Butter, and applied to Womens Breaſts that are hard through the Curd- ling of their Milk it abateth the Hardneſs quickly, and alſo it taketh away black and blue Marks coming of Bruiſes or Falls. The Juice thereof dropped into the Ears with a little Wine, eaſeth the Pains. Tragus ſetteth down an excellent Medicine to help the Jaundice and Falling Sickneſs, the Drop- fy, and Stone in the Kidneys, in this Manner: Take of the Seed of Parliey, Fennel, Anniſe, and Carraways, of each an Ounce; of the Roots of Parſley, Burnet, Saxifrage, and Carraways, of each an Ounce and an Half; let the Seeds be. bruiſed, and the Roots waſhed and cut ſmall; let them lie all Night in fteep in a Bottle of White Wine, and in the Morning be boiled in a cloſe Earthen Vefiel until a third Part or more be waſted; which being ſtrained and cleared, take four Ounces thereof Morning and Evening firſt and laft, ab- ftaining from Drink after it for three Hours. This openeth Ob- a a 240 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Obſtructions of Liver Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen, and Spleen. and expelleth the Dropfy and Jaundice by Urine. Parſley Piert, or Parſley Breakftone. Defçript.] T thready, yet it continues many years, frach HE Root although it be very ſmall and from whence ariſe many Leaves lying along on the Ground, each ſtanding upon a long ſmall Foot. Italk, the Leaves as broad as a Man's Nail, very deeply dented on the Edges, fomewhat like a Parſley-leaf, but of a very duſky green Colour. The Stalks are very weak and flender, about three or four Fingers in Length, fet ſo full of Leaves that chey can hardly be ſeen, either having no Foot-ſtalk at all, or but very ſhort; the Flowers are ſo ſmall they can hardly be ſeen, and the Sced as ſmall as may be. Place.] It is a common Herb throughout the Nation, and rejoiceth in barren, fandy, moiſt Places. It may be found plentifully about Hampſtead Heath, Hyde Park, and in Tothill Fields. Time.] It may be found all the Summer time, even from the Beginning of April to the End of Oztaber. Government and Virtues.] Its Operation is very prevalent to provoke Urine,and to break the Stone. Urine provoketh, Gra- It is a very good Sallet Herb. It were vel in the Kidneys, good the Gentry would pickle it up as , Stone, Strangury. they pickle up Samphire for their Uſe all the Winter. I cannot teach them how to do it; yet this I can tell them, it is a very wholſome Herb. They may alſo keep the Herb dry, orin a Syrup, if they pleaſe. You may take a Drachm of the Powder of it in White Wine; it would bring away Gravel from the Kidneys infenfibly, and without Pain. It alſo helps the Strangury. a Parſnip. THE Garden Kind thereof is ſo well known (the Root being commonly eaten) that I ſhall not trouble any Deſcription of it. But the wild Kind being of more phyſical uſe, I fall in this place deſcribe it unto you. Deſcrift.] T. you with The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 241 a Deſcript.] The Wild Parſnip differeth little from the Gar- den, but groweth not ſo fair and large, nor hath ſo manyLeaves; and the Root is ſhorter, more woody, and not fo fit to be eaten, and therefore more medicinal. Place.] The Name of the firſt ſheweth the Place of its Growth. The other groweth wild in divers Places, as in the Marſhes by Rocheſter, and elſewhere, and flowereth in July; the Seed being ripe about the Beginning of Auguſt, the ſecond Year after the Sowing; for if they do flower the firſt Year, the . Country People call them Madneps. Government and Virtues.] The Garden Parſnips are under Venus. The Garden Parſnip nouriſheth much, and is good and wholeſome Nouriſhment, but a little windy, whereby it is thought Luft provokes, Dyſury, to procure bodily Luft; but it fateneth cleanje, open, venom- the Body much, if much uſed. It is ous Beaſts, Cholick. conducible to the Stomach and Reins, and provoketh Urine. But the wild Parſnip hath a cutting, attenuating, cleanſing, and opening Quality therein. It re- fifteth and helpeth the Bitings of Serpents, eaſeth the Pains and Stitches in the Sides, and diſſolveth Wind both in the Stomach and Bowels, which is the Cholick, and provoketh Urine. The Root is often uſed, but the Seed much more. The wild being better than the tame, ſhews Dame Nature to be the beſt Phyſician. Cow Parſnip. Deſcript. winged, rough Leaves, lying often on the HIS groweth with three or four large, ſpread Ground, or elſe raiſed a little from it, with long, round, hairy Foot ftalksunder them,parted uſuallyinto five Diviſions, the two Couples ſtanding each againſt other; and one at the End, and each Leaf being almoſt round, yet ſomewhat deeply cut in on the Edges in ſome Leaves, and not ſo deep in others, of a whi- tiſh green Colour, ſmelling fomewhat ſtrongly; among which ariſeth up a round, crufled, hairy Stalk, two or three Feet high, with a few Joints and Leaves thereon, and branched at the l'op, where ſtand large Umbels of white, and ſometimes reddiſh Flowers, and after them flat, whitilh, thin, winged Seed, two always joined together. The Root is long and white, with two or three long Strings growing down into the Ground, ſmelling likewiſe ſtrongly, and unpleaſant. Place.] a 242 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Place.] It groweth in moiſt Meadows, and the Borders and Corners of Fields, and near Ditches generally, through this Land. Time.] It flowereth in July, and feedeth in Auguft. Temperatu e and Virtues. ] Mercury hath the Dominion over ' them. The Seed thereof, as Galen faith, is of a ſharp and cutting Quality, and is therefore a fit Medicine for the Cough and Shortneſs of Breath, the Falling Cough, Difficulty of Sickneſs, and Jaundice. The Root is Breath, Falling Sick- available to all the Purpofes aforeſaid, neſs, Jaundice, Fiſtula, and is alſo of great Uſe to take away the Phlegm, Liver, Mo- hard Skin that groweth on a Fiftula, if tber, Lethargy, Frenly, it be but fcraped upon it. The Seed Head-ach, Scab, Shin- hereof being drank, cleanteth the Belly gles. from tough phlegmatick Matter there- in, eaſeth them that are Liver growil, Womens Paſſions of the Mother, as well being drank as the Smoke thereof received underneath, and likewiſe raiſeth ſuch as are fallen into a deep Sleep, or have the Lethargy, by burn- itg it under their Noſe. The Seed and Root boiled in Oil, and the Head rubbed therewith, helpeth not only thoſe that are fallen into a Frenzy, but alſo the Lethargy or Drowſy Evil, and thoſe that have been long troubled with the Head-ach, if it be likewiſe uſed with Rue. It helpeth alſo the running, Scab and the Shingles. The Juice of the Flowers dropped into the Ears that run and are full of Matter, cleanſeth and healeth them. a The Peach Tree. A Defcript.] Peach Tree groweth not ſo great as the Apri- cock Tree, yet ſpreadeth Branches reaſona- ble well, from whencefpringſmaller reddith Twigs,whereon are fet long and narrow green Leaves dented about the Edges. The Blofloms are greater than the Plumb, and of a light purple Colour ; the Fruit round, and ſometimes as big as a reaſon- able Pippin ; others ſmaller, as alſo differing in Colour and Tafte, as reffet, red, or yellow, waterith or firm, with a Frize or Cotton all over, with a Cleft therein like an Apricock, and a rugged, furrowed, great Stone within it, and a bitter Kernel within the Stone. It iooner waxeth old, and decayeth, than the Apricock, by much. Place.] a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 243 a Place.) They are nurſed in Gardens and Orchards throu, h this Land. Time.) They flower in the Spring, and fructify in Au- tumn. Government and Virtues.] Lady Venus owns this Tree, and by it oppoſeth the ill Effects of Mars, and indeed for Chil- dren and young People ; nothing is better to purge Choler and the Jaundice, than the Leaves or Flowers of this Tree, being made into a Syrup or Conferve; let ſuch as delight to pleaſe their Luft regard the Fruit, but ſuch as have loſt their Health, and their Childrens, let them regard what I ſay, they may ſafely give two Spoonfuls of the Syrup at a Time; ic is as gentle as Venus herſelf. The Leaves of Peaches bruiſed and laid on the Belly, kiil Worms; and ſo they do alſo being Worms, Belly opens, boiled in Ale and drank, and open Humours, Wounds. the Belly likewiſe ; and being dried is a fafer Medicine to diſcuſs Humours. The Powder of them Atrewed upon freſh bleeding Wounds ſtayeth their bleeding, and cloſeth them up. The Flowers ſteeped all Night in a lit- tle Wine ſtanding warm, ftrained forth in the Morning, and drank fafting, doth gently open the Belly, and move it down- ward. A Syrup made of them, as the Syrup of Roſes is made, worketh more forcibly than that of Roſes, for it provoketh Vomiting, and ſendeth wateriſh and hydropick Humours by the Continuance thereof. The Flowers made into a Con- ferve, worketh the fame Effect. The Liquor that droppeth from the Tree, being wounded, is given in the Decoction of Coltsfoot, to thoſe that are troubled with the Cough or Shortneſs of Breath, by adding there- unto fome ſweet Wine, and putting Drophy, Cough, Short- fome Saffron alſo therein. It is good neds of Breath, Vo- for thoſe that are hoarſe, or have loſt miting and ſpitting of Blood, Stone, Wind, their Voice; helpeth all Defects of the Cholick. Lungs, and thoſe that vomit and ſpit Blood. Two Drachms hereof given in the Juice of Lemons, or of Radiſh, is good for them that are troubled with the Stone. The Kernels of the Stones do wonderfully eaſe the Pains and Wringings of the Belly, through Wind or ſharp Humours, and help to make an excellent Medicine for the Stone 244 The Fngliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Stone upon all Occaſions, in this Manner: I take Fifty Ker- nels of Peach-ft nes, and One Hundred of the Kernels of Cherry- ftones, a Handful of Elder Flowers freſh or dried, and three Pints of Muſcadıl; Jet ihem in a cloſe Pot into a Bed of Horſe Dung for ten Days, after which diſtill in a Glaſs with a gentle Fire, and keep it for your Uſe: You may drink upon Occafion three or four Ounces at a Time, The Milk or Cream of theſe Kernels being drawn forth with ſome Vervain Water, and applied to the Forehead and Templés, doth much help to procure Reft and Sleep to fick Perſons wanting it. The Oil drawn from the Kernels, the Temples being therewith anointed, doth the Baldneſs, Ears, Watching. like. The ſaid Oil put into Cly- fters,eaſeth the Pains of the Wind Cho'ick: and anointed on the lower part of the Belly, doth the like, and dropped into the Ears, eaſeth Pains in them; the Juice of the Leaves doth the like. Being alſo anointed on the Forehead and Temples, it helpeth the Megrim, and all other Pains in the Head. If the Kernels be bruiſed and boiled in Vinegar, until they became thick, and applied to the Head, it marvellouſly procures the Hair to grow again upon bald Places, or where it is too thin. The Pear Tree. Ear Trees are ſo well known, that they need no Deſcrip- tion. Government and Virtues.] The Tree belongs to Venus, and fo doth the Apple Tree. For their phyſical Uſe they are beſt difcerned by their Tafte. All the ſweet and luſcious Sorts, whether manured or wild, do help to move the Belly down- wards, more or leſs. Thoſe that are hard and four, do, on the contrary, bind the Belly as much, and the Leaves do ſo alſo: Thoſe that are moift do in ſome fort cool, but harſh or wild Sorts much more, and are very good in repelling Medi- cines; and if the wild Sort be boiled with Muſhrooms, it maketh them the leſs dangerous. The ſaid Pears boiled with a little Honey, helps much the Muſhrooms Stomach, oppreſſed Stomach as all Sorts of them Inflammations, cool, do, fome more, ſome leſs; but the bind, Wounds. harſher Sorts do more cool and bind, ferving well to be bound to green Wounds, to cool and ftay the Blood, and to heal up the Wound without farther Trou- ble, or Inflammation, as Galen faith he hath found by Expe- Pa rience The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 245 C rience. The wild Pears do ſooner cloſe up the Lips of green Wounds than others. Schola Salerni adviſeth to drink much Wine after Pears, or elſe (ſay they) they are as bad as Poiſon; nay, and they curſe the Tree for it too; but if a poor Man find his Sto- mach oppreſſed by eating Pears, it is but working hard, and it will do as well as drinking Wine. Pellitory of Spain. Ummon Pellitory of Spain, if it be planted in our Gar- dens, it will proſper very well ; yet there is one Sort growing ordinarily here wild, which I efteem to be little in- ferior to the other, if at all. I ſhall not deny,u the De- ſcription of them both. Defcript.] Common Pellitory is a very common Plant, and will not be kept in our Gardens without diligent looking to. The Root goes down-right into the Ground bearing Leaves, being long and finely cut upon the Stalk, lying on the Ground, much larger than the Leaves of Camomile are. At the Top it bears one ſingle large Flower at a Place, having a Border of many Leaves,white on the upper Side, and reddiſh underneath, with a yellow Thrun in the Middle, not ſtanding ſo cloſe as that of Camomile doth. The other common Pellitory which groweth here, hath a Root of a ſharp biting Taſte, ſcarce diſcernable by the Taſte from that before deſcribed, from whence ariſe divers brittle Stalks, a Yard high and more, with narrow long Leaves finely dented about the Edges, ſtanding one above another up to the Tops. The Flowers are many and white, ftanding in Tufts like thoſe of Yarrow, with a ſmall, yellowiſh Zhrum in the Middle. The Seed is very ſmall. Place.] The laſt groweth in Fields by the Hedges-fides and Paths, almoſt every where. Place.] It Aowereth at the latter End of June and July. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Government of Mercury, and I am perſuaded it is one of the beſt Pargers of the Brain that Brain purgeth, Agues, grows. An Ounce of the Juice taken Phlegmatic Humours, in a Draught of Mukadel an Hour be. Head, Teeth, Diſtilla- fore the Fit of the Ague comes, will af- tions of the Brain or ſuredly drive away the Ague at the Lungs & Eyes, Coughs, fecond or third Time taking at the far- Phthifc, Conſumption, theit, 246 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Defcript.} II Apoplexy Falling Sick-theft. Either the Herb or Root dried neſs, Lethargy, Sneez- and chewed in the Mouth, purgeth the ing, Head ach, black Brain of phlegmatick Humours; there- and blue Spots, Gout, by not only eaſing Pains in the Head Sciatica, and Teeth, but alſo hindereth the dir- tilling of the Brain upon the Lungs and Eyes, thereby preventing Coughs, Phthificks, and Confump- tion, the Apoplexy and Falling Sickneſs. It is an excellent approved Remedy in the Lethargy. The Powder of the Herb or Root being ſnuffed up the Noſtrils, procureth Sneezing, and eafeth the Head-ach; being made into an Ointment with Hogs Greaſe, it takes away black and blue Spots occafioned by Blows or Falls, and helps both the Gout and Sciatica. Pellitory of the Wall. Triſeth with browniſh, red, tender, weak, clear, and almoſt tranſparent, Stalks, about two Feet high, upon which grow at the Joints two Leaves fomewhat broad and long, of a dark green Colour, which afterwards turn browniſh, ſmooth on the Edges, but rough and hairy, as the Stalks are alſo. At the Joints with the Leaves from the Middle of the Stalks upwards, where it ſpreadeth into Branches, Hand many ſmall, pale, purpliſh Flowers in hairy rough Heads, or Huſks, after which come imall, black, rough Seed, which will ſtick to any Cloth or Garment that ſhall touch it. The Root is ſomewhat long, with ſmall Fibres thereat, of a dark reddiſh Colour, which abideth the Winter, altho' the Stalks and Leaves periſh, and ſpring every Year. Place.] It groweth wild generally through the Land, about the Borders of Fields, and by the sides of Walls, and among Rubbiſh. It will endure well being brought up in Gardens, and planted on the fhady Side, where it will ſpring of its own ſowing Time.] It Aowereth in June and July, and the Seed is ripe ſoon after. Guvernment and Virtues.] It is under the Di minion of Mer cury The dried Herb Pellitory made up into an Eleciuary with Honey, or the Juice of the Herb, or the Decoc- tion thereof made up with Sugar or Honey, is a fin- gular Remedy for an old or dry Cough, the Shortneſs of Breath, and Wheezing in the Throat. Three Ounces of the The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged247 . . a the Juice thereof taken at a 'T'ime doth wonderfully help ſtopping of the Urine, Old or dry Coughs, and to expel the Stone or Giavel in the Shortneſs of Breath, Kidneys or Bladder, and is therefore Stone and Gravel, Mo- uſually put among other Herbs uſed in ther, Womens Courſes, Clyfters to mitigate Pains in the Back, Obſtructions, fore Sides, or Bowels, proceeding of Wind, Throat, Teeth, Frec- itopping of Urine, the Gravel or Stone, kles, Wheals, Sun- as aforeſaid. If the braifed Herb, burn, Morphew, Pain Sprinkled with ſome Muſkadel, be in the Ears, Impoft- warmed upon a Tile, or in a Dilh bumes, Burnings and upon a few quick Coals in a Chafing- Scaldings, Inflamma- diſh, and applied to the Belly, it tions, Ulcers, Scabs, worketh the ſame Effect. The De- falling off of the Hair, codion of the Herb, being drank, Piles, Gat, Fiſtulas, eafeth Pains of the Mother and bring green Wounds, bruiſed eth down Womens Courſes : It allo Tendons or Muſcles. eareth thoſe Griefs that ariſe from Ob- ſtructions of the Liver, Spleen, and Reins. The fame Decoc- tion, with a little Honey added thereto, is good to gargle a fore Throat The Juice held a while in the Mouth, eaſeth Pains in the Teeth. The diſtilled Water of the Herb drank with ſome Sugar, worketh the ſame Effe&ts, and cleanſeth the Skin from Spots, Freckles, Purples, Wheals, Sun-burn, Morphew, &c. The Juice dropped into the Ears, eaſeth the Noiſe in them, and taketh away the pricking and ſhooting Pains therein: The farne or the difilled Water, afſwageth hot and Swelling Impoſthumes, Burnings and Scaldings by Fire or Water; as allo all other hot Tumours and Inflamma- tions, or breakings-out of Heat, being bathed often with wet cloths dipped therein : The ſaid Juice made into a Lini- ment with Ceruſe, and Oil of Roſes, and anointed therewith, cleanſeth foul rotten Ulcers, and ſtayeth ſpreading or creep- ing Ulcers, and running Scabs or Sores in Childr.ns Heads; and helpeth to ſtay falling of the Hair from off tae Head. The faid Ointment, or the Herb applied to the Fundament, op neth the Piles, and eaſeth their Pains ; and being mixed with Goats Tallow, helpeth the Gout : The Juice is very effectual to cleanſe Fiſtulas, and to heal them up ſafely; or the Herb itſelf bruiſed and applied with a little Salt. It is likewiſe alſo effectual so heal any green Wound, a 248 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Wound, that if it be bruiſed and bound thereto for three Days, you ſhall need no other Medicine to heal it further. A Poultice made hereof with Mallows, and boiled in Wine and Wheat Bran and Bean Flower, and ſome Oil put thereto, and applied warm to any bruiſed Sinew, Tendon, or Muſcle, doih in a very ſhort Time reſtore them to their Strength, taking away the Pains of the Bruiſes, and diffolveth the congealed Blood coming of Blows, or Falls from high Places. The juice of Pellitory of the Wall clarified and boil.! in a Syrup with Honey, and a Spoonful of it drank every Morning by ſuch as are ſubject to the Dropſy; if continuing that Courſe, though but once a week, if ever they have the Dropſy, let them come but to me, and I will cure them gratis. Pennyroyal. Ennyroyal is fo well known unto all, I mean the common : There is a greater Kind than the ordinary Sort found wild with us, which fo abideth being brought into Gardens, and differeth not from it, but only in the Largeneſs of the Leaves and Stalks, in riſing higher, and not creeping upon the Ground ſo much. The Flowers whereof are purple, grow- ing in Rundles about the Stalks like the other. Place.] The firſt, which is common in Gardens, groweth alſo in many moift and watery Places of this Land. The ſecond is found wild in Effect in divers Places by the Highways from London to Colcheſter, and thereabouts, more abundantly than in any other Counties, and is also planted in their Gardens in Effex. Time.] They flower in the latter End of Summer, about Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The Herb is under Venus. Diof- curides faith, that Pennyroyal maketh Tough Phlegm, Terms thia tough Phlegm, warmeth the Cold- provokes, dead Child, neſs of any Part whereto it is applied, and After-birth, Vo- and digeſteth raw or corrupt Matter: miting, Melancholy, Being boiled and drank, it provoketh Vinomous Beajis, Womers Courſes, and expelleih the Fainting & Stuoomug, dead Child and After-birth, and ſtay- Gums, Gout, Marks eth the Diſpoſition to vomit being taken in The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 249 in Water and Vinegar mingled toge- in the Face, Tooth- ther. And being mingled with Honey ach, Pains in the and Salt, it voideth Phlegm out of the Joints, Head - ach, Langs, and purgeth Me ancholy by Pains of the Belly and the Stool Drank with Wine, it help- Breafi, Falling Sick- eth fuch as are bitten and ftung with nejs, ſtinkin Water, venomous Beals, and applied to the Cramps and convul- Noftrits with Vinegar, reviveth thole fions, Jore Mouth, that are tainting and fwooning. Being Ji undice, Droply, dried and burn, it ſtrengtheneth the Pains of the Head, Gums. It is helpful to thoſe that are and Eye right. troubled with the Gout, being appied of itſelf to the Place until it was red, and applied in a Plaifter, it takes away Spots or Marks in the Face, ap- plied with Salt, it profiieth thoſe that are fplenetick, or Liver-grown. The Decoction doth help the tch it waſh- ed therewith ; being put into Baths for Women to fit there- in, it helpeth the Swellings and Hardneſs of the Mother. The green Herb bruiſed and put into Vinegar, cleanſeth foul Ulcers, and taketh away the Marks of Bruiſes and Blows about the Eyes, and all Diſcolourings of the Face by Fire, yea, and the Leproſy, being drank and outward- ly applied : Boiled in Wine with Honey and Salt, it help- eth the Tooth-ach. It helpeth the cold Griefs of the joints, taking away the Pains, and warmeth the cold Part, be- ing fat bound to the Place, after a Bathing or Sweating in an Hot-houſe. Pliny addeth, that Pennyroyal and Mints together, help Faintings and Swoonings, being put into Vinegar, and put into the Noftrils to be ſmelled unto, or a little thereof put into the Mouth. It eaſeth the Head- aches, and the Pains of the Breaſts and Belly, ſtayeth the gnawing of the Stomach, and inward Parts of the Bowels : Being drank in Wine, it provoketh Womens Courſes, and expelleth the dead Child, and After-birth: Being given in Wine, it helpeth the Falling Sickneſs : Put into unwholſome or ſtinking Water that Men muft drink (as at Sea, or where other cannot be had) it makes them the lets hurtful: It help- eth Cramps or Convulfions of the sinews, being applied with Honey, Salt, and Vinegar. It is very effectual for the Cough, being boiled in Miik, and drank, and for Ul- cers and Sores in the Mouth, Matthiolus faith, The De- co&tion thereof being drank, helpeth the Jaundice and Droply, 250 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. M Dropſy, and all Pains of the Head and Sinews, that come of a cold Cauſe; and that it hel eth to clear and quicken the Eye fight. Applied to the Noſtrils of thoſe that have the Falling Sickness, or the Lethargy, or Lethargy, Burnings. put into the Mouth, it helpeth them much, being bruiſed, and with Vine- gar applied. And applied with Barley Meal, it helpeth Burn- ings by Fire; and put into the Ears, eaſeth the Pains of them, Male and Female Peony. Deſcript.] ALE Peony riſeth up with browniſh Stalks, whereon grow green and reddiſh Leaves, upon a Stalk without any particular Diviſion in the Leaf at all. The Flowers ftand at the Top of the Stalks, conſiſting of five or fix broad Leaves, of a fair purpleiſh red Colour, with many yellow Threads in the Middle ſtanding about the Head, which after rifeth up to be the Seed Vefſels, divided into two, three, or four crooked Pods like Horns, which being full ripe, open and turn themſelves down backward, fhewing within them divers round, black, ſhining Seeds; having allo many crim- . fon Grains, intermixed with black, whereby it maketh a very pretty Shew. The Roots are great, thick, and long, ſpread- ing and running down deep in the Ground. The ordinary Female Peony hath as many Stalks, and more Leaves on them than the Male; the Leaves not ſo large, but nicked on the Edges, fome with great and deep, others with ſmaller Cuts and Diviſions, fa dead green Colour. The Flow- ers are of a ftrong heady Scent, uſually ſmaller, and of a more purple Colour than the Male; with yellow Thrums about the Head, as the Male hath. The Seed Vefſels are like Horns, as in the Male, but ſmaller; the seed is black, but leſs ſhining. The Roots conſiſt of many ſhort tuberous Clogs, faſtened at the End of long Strings, and all from the Heads of the Roots, which is thick and ſhort, and of the like Scent with the Mia e. Place and Time.] They grow in Gardens, and flower ulually about May. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of the Sun, and under the Lion. Phyficians ſay, Male Peony Roots are bett; but Dr. Reaſon told me, Male Peony was beft for Men, and Female Peony for Women, and he deſires to be judged by his brother Dr. Experience. The Roots are held to be of more The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 251 more Virtue than the Seed; next the Flowers, and laſt of all, the Leaves. The Root of the Male Peony, freſh gathered, having been found by Experience tocure the Falling Sickneſs; but the fureſ Way Falling Sickneſs. is, beſides hanging it about the Neck,by which Children have been cured, to take the Root of the Male Peony wathed clean, and ſtamped ſomewhat ſmall, ani laid to infuſe in Sack for 24 Hours at the leaſt ; afterwards ftrain it, and take it firſt and laſt, Morning and Evening, a good Draught for fundry Days together, before and after a Full Moon; and this will alſo cure older Perſons, if the Diſeaſe be not grown too old, and paft Cure, eſpecially if there be a due and orderly Preparation of the Body with Poſſet-drink made of Betony, Sc. The Root is alſo effe&tual for Women that are not ſufficiently cleanſed after Child-birth, and ſuch as are troubled with the Mother; for which likewiſe the black Seed beaten to Women not cleanſed Powder, and given in Wine, is alſo in Child-Birth, Mo- available. The black Seed alſo taken ther, Ephialries, or the before Bed time, and in the Morning Night Mare, melan- , is very effectual for ſuch as in their cholick Dreams. Sleep are troubled with the Diſeaſe cal- led Ephialties, or Incubus, but we do commonly call it the Night Mae; a Diſeaſe which melancholy Perſons are ſubject unto : It is alſo good againſt melancholy Dreams. The diſ- tilled Water or Syrup made of the Flowers, worketh the ſame Effects that the Root and Seed do, although more weakly. The Female is often uſed for the Purpoſes aforeſaid, by reaſon the Male is fo fcarce a Plant, that it is poſſeſſed by few, and thoſe great Lovers of Rarities in this Kind, Pepperwort, or Dittander. B fcript.] UR common Pepperwort ſendeth forth fome- what long and broad Leaves, of a light blueiſh greeniſh Colour, finely dented about the Edges, and pointed at the Ends, ſtanding upon round hard Stalks, three or four Foot high, ſpreading many Branches on all sides, and having many ſmall white Flowers at the Tops of them; after which follow ſmall Seeds in ſmall Heads. The Root is flender, run- ning much under Ground, and ſhooting up again in many Places, and both Leaves and Roots are very hot and tharp of Taite, like Pepper; for which Cauſe it took the Name. , 252 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Place.] It groweth naturally in many places of this Land, as at Clare in Efex; alſo near unto Exeter in Devonſhire; upon Rocheſter Common in Kent; in Lancaſhire, and divers other Places; but uſually kept in Gardens. Time.] It flowereth in the End of Yune, and in July. Government and Virtus. Here is anotier Martial Herb for you, make much of it. Play and Paulus Ægineta ſay, that' Pepperwort is very ſucceſsful for the Sciatica, or any other Gout or l'ain in the Joints, or Sciatica, Gout, Joints any other inveterate Grief: 7 he Leaves pained, Difcolouring bereot to be bruiſed, and mixed with of the Skin, Marks and old Hogs Greaſe, and applied to the Scars by Burning, Place, and to continue thereon four Speedy Delivery Hours in Men, and two Hours in Wo- men, the Place being afterwards bathed with Wine and Oil mixed together, and then wrapt up with Wool or Skins, after they have ſweat a little. It alſo amend. eth the Deformities or Diſcolourings of the Skin,and helpeth to take away Marks, Scars, and Scabs, or the foul Marks of burning with Fire or iron. The Juice hereof is by fome uſed to be given in Ale to drink to Women with Child, to procure them a ſpeedy Delivery in Travail. Periwinkle. Défeript.) Trailingor running upon the Ground, thoot- HE ing out ſmall Fibres at the Joints as it runneth, taking thereby hold in the Ground, and rooteth in divers Places. At the Joints of theſe Branches ftand two ſmall, dark, green, ſhining Leaves, fomewhat like Bay Leaves, but fmaller, and with them come forth alſo the Flowers (one at a Joint, ſtanding upon a tender Footſtalk, being ſomewhat long and hollow, parted at the Brims, ſometimes into four, ſometimes into five Leaves: The moſt ordinary Sorts are of a pale blue Colour ? fome are pure white, and tome of a dark reddith purple Co- lour. The Root is little bigger than a Ruſh, buſhing in the Ground, and creeping with his Branches far about, whereby it quickly poffefſeth a great Compaſs, and is therefore moſt uſu- ally planted under Hedges, where it may have Room to run. Place.] Thoſe with the pale blue, and thoſe with the white Flowers, grow in Woods, and Orchards, by the Hedge The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 253 Hedge Sides, in divers Places of this Land; but thoſe with the Purple Flowers in Gardens only. Time.] They flower in March and April. Temperature and Virtues.] Venus owns this Herb, and faith, That the Leaves eaten by Man and Stanch Bleeding, Wo- Wife together, cauſe Love between them. The Periwinkle is a great Bind- wens Courſes, Flux er, ſtayeth Bleeding both at Mouth of the Belly. and Noſe, if ſome of the Leaves be chewed. The Frenca uſe it to ſtay Womens Courſes. Diofcorides, Galen, and Æ- gineta, commend it againſt the Lalks, and Fluxes of the Belly, to be drank in Wine. St. Peter's Wort. F Superſtition had not been the Father of Tradition, as well as Ignorance the Mother of Devotion, this Herb (as well as St. John's Wort) had found ſome other Name to be known by; but we may fay of our Forefathers, as St. Paul of the Athenians, I perceive in many Things you are too ſuper- ftitious. Yet ſeeing it is come to paſs, That Cuftoin having got in Poffeffion, pleads Preſcription for the Name; I ſhall let it paſs, and come to the Deſcription of the Herb, which take as followeth. Deſcript.] It riſeth up with ſquare upright Stalks for the moſt Part, ſome greater and higher than St. John's-wort (and good Reaſon too, St. Peter being the greater Apoftle, alk the Pope elfe); for though God would have the Saints equal, the Pope is of another Opinion) but brown in the ſame Man- ner, having twoLeaves at every Joint, ſomewhatlike, but larger than St. John's-wort, and a little rounder-pointed, with few or no Holes to be ſeen thereon, and having ſometimes ſome finaller Leaves riſing from the Boſom of the greater, and ſome- times a little hairy alſo. At the Tops of two Stalks ſtand many Star-like Flowers, with yellow Threads in the Middle, very like thoſe of St. John's-wort, inſomuch that this is hardly, diſcerned from it, but only by the Largeneſs and Height, the Seed being alike alſo in both. The Root abideth long, ſend. ing forth new Shoots every Year. Place.] It groweth in many Groves, and ſmall.low Woods, in divers Places of this Land, as in Kert, Huntingdon, Cano bridge, and Northamptonſhire; as alſo near Water-Courks in a other Places M Time] 254 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. CS Time.] It flowereth in June and July, and the Seed is ripe sin Auguft. Government and Virtues.] There is not a Straw to choſe between this and St. John's-wort, only St. Peter must have it, left he ſhould want Pot Herbs: It is of the fame Property of St. John's-wort, but ſomewhat weak, and therefore more ſeldom uſed. Two Drachms of the Seed Cholerick Humours, taken at a Time in honied Water, pur- Sciatica, Burnings. geth cholerick Humours (as faith Di- oſcorides, Pliny, and Galen) and thereby helpeth thoſe that are troubled with the Sciatica. TheLeaves are uſed as St. John's-Wort, to help thoſe Places of the Body that have been burnt with Fire. Pimpernel. Defcript.] Ommon Pimpernel hath divers weak, ſquare Stalks lying on the Ground, beſet all with two fmall and almoſt round Leaves at every Joint, one againſt an- other, very like Chickweed, but hath no Foot-ítalks; for the Leaves, as it were, compaſs the Stalk: The Flowers ſtand fingiy each by themſelves at them and the Stalks, conſiſting of five imall round-pointed Leaves, of a pale red Colour, tending to an Orange, with ſo many Threads in the Middle, in whole Places ſucceed ſmooth round Heads, wherein is contained ſmall Seed. The Root is ſmall and fibrous, periſhing every Year. Place.] It groweth every-where almoſt, as well in the Meadows and Corn-Fields, as by the Way-fides, and in Gar- cens, ariſing of itſelf. Time.] It flowereth from May until Auguſt, and the Seed ripeneth in the mean Time, and falleth. Government and Virtues.] It is a gallant Solar Herb. This is of a cleanſing attractive Quality, whereby it draweth forth horns or Splinters, or other ſuch like Thorns or ,Splinters, Things gotten into the Fleſh; and put Purgeth the Head, Wounds and Ulcers. up into the Noftrils, purgeth the Head; ; and Galen faith alſo, they have a dry- Cleanſeth the Face, ing Faculty, whereby they are good Plague, and "Pefii- and Pefii- to foder the Lips of Wounds, and to lential Fevers. cleanſe foul Ulcers. The diſtilled Wa- ter or Juice is much efeemed by French Dames to cleanſe the Szinxrom any Roughneſs, Deformity or Diſcolouring thereof; being The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 255 Beaſts, being boiled in Wine and given to Venomous drink, it is a good Remedy againſt the Mad Dogs, Bitings, Plague, and other Peſtilential Fevers, Obſtructions, Urine, if the Party after taking it be warm in Stone and Gravel, his Bed, and ſweat for two Hours after, Wounds and Ulcers, and uſe the fame for twice, at leaſt. It Clouds or Mifts in helpeth alſo all Stingings and Bitings The Eyes, Tooth-ach, of venemous Beafts, or mad Dogs, be- Hæmorrhoids. ing uſed inwardly, and applied out- wardly. The fame alſo openeth Obſtructions of the Liver, and is very available againſt the Infirmities of the Reins: It pro- voketh Urine, and helpeth to expel the Stone and Gravel out of the Kidneys and Bladder, and helpeth much in all inward Pains and Ulcers. The Decoction, or diſtiMed Water, is no leſs effectual to be applied to all Wounds that are freſh and green, or old, filthy, fretting, and running Ulcers, which it very effectually cureth in a fhort Space. A little mixed with the Juice, and dropped into the Eyes, cleanſeth them from cloudy Miſts, or thick Films which grow over them, and hinder the Sight. It helpeth the Tooth-ach, being dropped into the Ear on the contrary Side of the Pain. It is alſo ef- fectual to eaſe the Pains of the Hæmorrhoids, or Piles. a Ground Pine, or Chamepitys. Deſcript. UR common Ground Pine groweth low, feldom rifing above an Hand's Breath high, ſhooting forth divers ſmall Branches ſet with ſlender, ſmall, long, nar- row, greyiſh, or whitiſh Leaves; ſomewhat hairy, and divi- ded into three Parts, many Times many buſhing together at a Joint, and ſometimes fome growing ſcatteringly upon the Stalks, ſmelling ſomewhat ſtrong, like unto Rofin: TheFlow- ers are ſomewhat ſmall, and of a pale yellow Colour, grow- ing from the Joint of the Stalk all along among the Leaves ; after which come ſmall and round Huiks. The Root is ſmall and woody, periſhing every year. Place.] It groweth more plentifully in Kent than any other County of this Land; as, namely, in many places on this Side Dartford, along to Southfleet, Chatham, and Rcbefter, and upon Chatham Down, hard by the Beacon, and Half a Mile from Rochefter, in a Field nigh a Houſe called Seleſey. Time.] It flowereth and giveth Seed in the Summer Months, M 2 Govera- 256 T'be Engliſh Pbyhcian Enlarged. Government and Virtues.] Mars owns the Herb. The De- coction of Ground-Pine drank, doth wonderfully prevail Strangury, Obftruéti- Pains ariſing from the Diſeaſes of the , againſt the Strangury, or any inward 0ns, Womens Courſes, Reins and ůrine, and is ſpecial good Mother, Dead Child, for all Obſtructions of the Liver and and After birth. Spleen, and gently openeth the Body: for which Purpoſe they were wont in former Times to make Pills with the Powder thereof, and the Pulp of Figs. It mar- 'vellouſly helpeth all the Diſeaſes of the Mother uſed inwardly, or applied outwardly, procuring Womens Courſes, and ex- pelling the dead. Child, and After- birth; yea it is fo power- fal upon thoſe Feminine Parts, that it is utterly forbidden for Women with Child, for that it will cauſe Abortment or Delivery before the Time. It is alſo effectual in all Pains and Diſeaſes of the Joints, as Gouts, Gouts, Cramps, Palfies, Cramps, Palfies, Sciatica and Aches. Sciatica, Aches, &c. Either the Deco&tion of the Herb in Dropſy, Poiſon of the Wine taken inwardly, or applied out- Aconites, Venomous wardly, or both; for ſome time toge- Creatures, Cold, ther, for which Purpoſe the Pills made Cough, Pally, hard Breaji & bard Swel with Powder of Ground-Pine, and of Hermodactyls with Venice-Turpentine lings, Ulcers, old Sores, are very effectual. The Pills alſo are Wounds. ſpecial good for thoſe that have the Dropſy, to be continued for ſome time. The ſame is a ſpecial good Help for the Jaundice, and for griping Pains of the Joints, Belly, or inward Parts. It helpeth allo all Diſeaſes of the Brain, proceeding,ef.cold and phlegmatick Humours and Diſtillations, as alſo for the Falling-fickneſs . It is a ſpe. cial Remedy for the Poiſon of the Aconites of all sorts, and other poiſonful Herbs, as alſo againſt the ſtinging of any venomous Creature. It is a good Remedy for a cold Cough, eſpecially in the Beginning. For all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, the Herb being tunned up in new Drink, and drank, is al- moſt as effectual, but far more .exceptable to weak and dainty Stomachs. The difilled Water of the Herb hath the Effects, but more weakly. The Conſerve of the Flow- ers doth the like, which Mattbiolus much commendeth a. gainſt the Palfy. The green Herb, or the Decoction thereof, being applied, diffolveth the Hardneſs of Women's Breafts, and all other hard Swellings in any other Part of the Body. The Cand green a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 257 The green Herb alſo applied, or the Juice thereof with fome Honey, not only cleanſeth putrid, ſtinking, foul and malignant Ulcers and Sores of all sorts, but healeth and fo. dereth up the Lips or green Wounds in any part alſo. Let Women forbear, if they be with Child, for it works violently upon the Feminine Part: Plantain. HIS groweth ufually in Meadows and Fields, and by Deſcription. Time.] It is in its Beauty about June, and the Seed ripen- eth ſhortly after. Government and Virtues.] It is true, Mizaldus and others; yea, almoſt all Aftrology-Phyſicians hold this to be an Herb of Mars, and they give a Verifimile of a Truth for it too viz, becauſe it cures the Diſeaſes of the Head, and Privi- ties, which are under the Houſes of Mars, Aries, and Scorpio. All Diſeaſes of the Head coming of Heat are cauſed by Mars for Venus is made of no ſuch hot Metal, or at leaſt deals. in inferior Parts. The Truth is, it is under the Com:&and of Venus, and cures the Head by Antipathy to Mars, and the Privities by Sympathy to Venus; neither is there hardly a martial Diſeaſe but it cures. If I were to fortify my Body againſt a martial Diſeaſe, I would do it by this Herb as ſoon as by any, and may do it (it may be) when time ſhall ſerve. The Juice of Plantain clarified and drank for divers Days together, either of itſelf, or in other Drink, prevaileth wonderfully againſt Pains in the Guts, all Torments orExcoriations in the Guts Diſtillations of Rheum, or Bowels, helpeth the Diſtillations of Fluxes and Womens Rheum from the Head, and ftayeth all Courſes, ſpitting Blood Manner of Fluxes, even Womens Cour- or Bleeding at Mouth fes, when they flow too abundantly. It or Noſe, or of Wounds, is good to ſtay ſpitting of Blood and Phyſic, Conſumption, other Bleedings at the Mouth, or the or Ulcer in the lungs, making of foul and bloody Water, by Tertian Ague, Dropſy, Realon of any Ulcer in the Reins or and Falling-ſickneſs, Bladder, and alſo ftayeth the too-free Tooth-ach, Pin ana bleeding of Wounds. It is held an Web in the Eye, Pains eſpecial M 3 258 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged.. or 2 in the Ears, Inflam- eſpecial Remedy for thoſe that are mations, Burning or troubled with the Phthific, or Con. Scalding, hollow Ul. fumption of the Lungs, or Ulcers of the cers, Cankers and fore Lungs, or Coughs that come of Heat. Mouths Privy The Decoction or Powder of the Roots Parts, Piles, Pains of or Seeds, is much more binding for all the Head, Lunacy and the Purpoſes aforeſaid than the Leaves. Frenzy, biting of Ser- Diofcorides faith, that three Roots boil- pents, or mad Dags, ed in Wine and taken, helpeth the Ter- hot Gouts, Bones out tian Ague, and for the Quartan Ague ; of Point, Wirms in the (but letting the Number pafs as fabu- Kelly, or in Ulcers, lous) Iconceive the Decoction of divers Scabs and Itch, Tit. Roots may be effectual. The Herb ter's, Ringworms, (but eſpecially the Seed) is held to be Shingles and fretting profitable againſt the Dropfy, the Fall- Sores, Wounds. ing Sickneſs, the Yellow Jaundice, and Stoppings, of the Liver and Reins. The Roots of Plantain, and Pellitory of Spain, beaten into Pow- der, and put into the hollow Teeth, taketh away the Pains of them. The clarified Juice, or diſtilled Water, dropped into the Eyes, cooleth the Inflammations in them, and taketh away thie Pin and Web; and dropped into the Ears, eafeth the Pains in thes, and helpeth and removeth the Heating. The ſame alſo with the Juice of Houſieek is profitable againſt all Inflam- mations and Breakings-out of the skin, and againſt Burnings and Scaldings by Fire and Water. The Juice or Decoction nade either of itfelf, or other Things of the like Nature, is of II.uch Uſe, and good Effect, for old and hollow Ulcers that are hard to be cured, and for Cankers and Sores in the Mouth or Privy Parts of Man or Woman; and helpeth alſo the Pains of the Piles in the Fundament. The Juice mixed with Oil of Roſes, and the Temples and Forehead anointed there. with, cafeth the Pains of the Head proceeding from Heat, and helpeth Lunatick and Phrentick Perſons very much ; as alſo the biting of Serpents, or a mad Dog. The ſame alfo is profitably applied to all hot Gouts in the Feet or Hands, efpecially in the Beginning. It is alſo good to be applied where any Bone is out of Joint, to hinder Inflamma- . tions, Swellings, and Pains that preſently riſe thereupon. The Powder of the dried Leaves taken in Drink, killeth Worms of the Belly; and boiled in Wine, killeth Worms that breed in old and foul Ulcerse One Part of Plantain Water, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 259 Water, and two parts of the Brine of Powdered Beef, boiled together and clarified, is a moſt fure Remedy to heal all ſpreading Scabs or Itch in the Head or Body, all manner of Tetters, Ringworms, the Shingles, and all other running and fretting Sores. Briefly, the Plantains are fingular good Wound Herbs to heal freſh or old Wounds or Sores, either in ward or outward. Plunibs. T fcription HESE are ſo well known that they need no De a Government and Virtues.] All Plumbs are under Verus, and are like Woman, fome better, fome worſe. As there is great Diverſity of Kinds, fo there is in the Operation of Plumbs ; for fome that are fweet moiſten the Stomach, and make the Belly ſoluble; thoſe that are four quench Thirſt more, and bind the Bel. Open the Belly, quench ly; "the moiſt and wateriſh do fooner Thirſt, and bind the corrupt in the Stomach, but the firm Belly, procure Appe- do nouriſh more, and offend leſs. The tite, allay Choler, cool , the Stoniach, Rheum, dried Fruit fold by the Grocers under Stone, Tetters and the Name of Danaſk Prunes, do fome- what looſen the Belly, and being ſtew. Piles, Ringworms, ed, are often uſed, both in Health and Ulcers, Hoarſeneſs and , Pains in the Earsg. Sickneſs, to reliſh the Mouth and Sto- Stone and Cholick. mach, to procure Appetite, and a little to open the Body, allay Choler, and cool the Stomach, Plumb-tree Leaves boiled in Wine, are good to waſh and gargle the Mouth and Throat, to dry the Flux of Rheum coming to the Palate, Gums, or Almonds of the Ears. The Gum of the Tree is good to break the Stone. The Gum or Leaves boiled in Vinegar, and applied, kills Tetters and Ringworms. Matthiolus faith, The Oil preſſed out of the Kernels of the Stones, as Oil of Almonds is made, is good againſt the inflamed Piles, the Tumours or Swellings of Ul- cers, Hoarſeneſs of the Voice, Roughneſs of the Tongue and Throat, and likewiſe the Pains in the Ears. And that five Ounces of the ſaid Oil taken with one Ounce of Muſkadel, driveth forth the Stone, and helpeth the Cholick. Polypody M4 260 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Polypody of the Oak. Defeript.]'T Roots and Leaves, bearing neither Stalk, "HIS is a ſmall Herb of nothing but Flower, nor Seed, as it is thought. It hath three or four Leaves riſing from the Root, every one ſingle by itſelf, of about a Hand Length, are winged, conſiſting of many ſmall narrow Leaves, cut into the middle Rib, ftanding on each Side of the Stalk, large below, and ſmaller up to the Top, not dented nor notched at the Edges at all, as the Male Fern 'kath, of fad green Colour, and ſmooth on the upper Side, but on the other side ſomewhat rough, by realon of ſome yellowiſh Spots fet thereon. The Root is ſmaller than one's little Finger, lying allope, or creeping along under the up- per Cruft of the Earth, browniſh on the Outſide and green- ith within, of a ſweetiſh Harſhneſs in Taſte, ſet with cer- tain rough Knags on each side thereof, having alſo much Moflinefs or yellow Hairineſs upon it, and ſome Fibres un- derneath it, whereby it is nouriſhed. Place.] It groweth as well upon old rotten Stumps, or Trunks of Trees, as Oak, Beech, Hazel, Willow, or any other, as in the Woods under them, and upon old Mud Walls, as alſo in moſſy, ftcny, and gravelly Places near unto Woods. That which grows upon Oak is accounted the beſt ; bat the Quantity thereof is ſcarce ſufficient for the common Uſe. Time.] It being always green, may be gathered for Uſe Government and Virtues.] And why, I pray, muſt Polypo- dium of the Oak only be uſed, gentle College of Phyſicians ? Can you give me but a Glimpſe of Reaſon for it? It is only becauſe it is deareſt. Will you never leave your Covetouſneſs till your Lives. leave you ? The Truth is, that which grows. upon the Earth is beſt ('tis an Herb of Saturn, and he ſeldom climbs Trees) to purge Melancholy; if the Humour be other- wiſe, chuſe you Polypodium according- Drieth Kumours, ly. Meuſe (who is called the Phyſicians purgeth burnt Choler, Evangeliſt for the Certainty of his Phlegn, Melancholy, Medicines, and the Truth of his Opi- Quartan Agues, Cho- nion) faith, That it drieth up thin Hu- lic, Spleen, t, cubleſome mours, digefteth thick and tough, and Sleep.Cough, Shortneſs purgeth burnt Choler, and eſpecially to Breath, Wheezing tough and thick Phlegm, and thin Phlegm, a' any Time. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 261 Phlegm alſo, even from the Joints; and Lungs,Pthiſíck, Mem therefore good for thoſe that are trou- bers out of Joint, Poly- bled with Melancholy, or Quartan A- pus, or Diſeaſes in the gues, eſpecially if it be taken in Whey Noſe, Chops in the or honeyed Water, or in Barley-water, Fingers or Toes. or the Broth of a Chicken with Epi- thymum, or with Beets and Mallows. It is good for the Hardneſs of the Spleen, and for Prickings or Stitches in the Sides, as alſo for the Cholick: Some uſe to put to it fome. Fennels-feeds, or Aniſe-feeds, or Ginger, to correct that Loathing it bringeth to the Stomach, which is more than needeth, it being a ſafe and gentle Medicine, fit for all Per- fons, which daily Experience confirmeth; and an Ounce of it may be given at a Time in a Deco&tion, if there be not Sena, or ſome other ſtrong Purger put with it. A Drachm or two of the Powder of the dried Roots taken fafting in a Cup of honeyed Water, worketh gently, and for the Pur- poſes aforeſaid. The diſtilled Water, both of Roots and Leaves is much commended for the Quartan Ague, to be taken for many Days together, as alſo againſt Melancholy, or fearful or troubleſome Sleeps or Dreams; and with ſome Sugar-candy diſſolved therein, is good againft the Cough, Shortneſs of Breath, and Wheezings, and thoſe Diſtillations of thin Rheum upon the Lungs, which cauſe Pthiſicks, and oftentimes Conſumptions. The freſh Roots beaten ſmall, or the Powder of the dried Roots mixed with Honey, and ap- plied to the Member that is out of Joint, doth much help it; and applied alſo to the Noſe, cureth the Diſeaſe called Poly- pus, which is a piece of Fleſh growing therein, which in Time ſtoppeth the Paſſage of Breath through that Noftril ; and it helpeth thoſe Clefts or Chops that comes between the Fingers or Toes. T The Poplar-Tree. HERE are two Sorts of Poplars, which are mof fami- liar with us, viz. the Black and White, both which I thall here deſcribe unto you. Deſcript.]The White Poplar groweth great, and reaſonably high, covered with a thick, ſmooth, white Bark,eſpecially the Branches, having.£(Leaves cut into ſeveral Diviſions almoft like a Vine-leat, botr.ot offo deep a Green on the upper Sider M5 262 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. and hoary white underneath, of a reaſonable good Scent, the whole Form repreſenting the Form of Coltsfoot. The Catkins which it bringeth forth before the Leaves, are long, and of a faint reddiſh Colour, which fall away, bearing feldom good. Seed with them. The Wood hereof is ſmooth, ſoft, and white, very finely waved, whereby it is much eſteemed. The Black Poplar groweth higher and ſtraiter than the White, with a greyifh Bark, bearing broad and green Leaves, fomewhat like Ivy Leaves, not cut in on the Edges like the White, but whole and dented, ending in a Point, and not white underneath, hanging by flender long Foot-ſtalks, which with the Air are continually fhaken like as the Aſpin Leaves are. The Catkins hereof are greater than thoſe of the White, com- poſed of many round green Berries, as if they were ſet toge- ther in a long Cluſter, containing much downy Matter, which being ripe, is blown away with the Wind. The clammy Buds hereof, before they ſpread into Leaves, are gathered to make the Unguentum Populneum, and are of ayellowiſh green Colour and ſmall, ſomewhat ſweet, but ſtrong. The Wood is fmooth, tough and white, and eaſy to be cloven: On both thefe Trees groweth a ſweet kind of Muſk, which in former Times was uſed to put into ſweet Ointments. Place.] They grow in moiſt Woods, and by Water-fides in- fundry Places of this Land; yet the White is not ſo frequent as the other. Time.] Their Time is likewiſe expreſſed before: The Cat- kins coming forth before the Leaves in the End of Summer. Government and Virtues] Saturn hath Dominion over both. White Poplar, faith Galen, is of a cleanfing Property : The Weight of one Ouncein Powder of the Sciatica, Strangury; Bark thereof being drank, faith Dioſco- Pain in the Ears,dull Sight, Gout, Felling troubled with theSciatica,or the Stran- rides, is a Remedy for thoſe that are Sickneſs, Warts, gury. The Juice of the Leaves dropp'd Puſhes and Wheals, warm into the Ears, eaſeth the Pains in Heat and Imflamma- them. The young clammy Buds or tions, drieth Womens Eyes, before they break out intoLeaves, Milk. bruiſed, and a little Honey put to them, is a good Medicine for a dull Sight. The Black Poplar is held to be more cooling than the White, and therefore the Leaves bruiſed with Vinegar, and applied, help The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 263 help the Gout. The Seed drank in Vinegar, is held gcod againſt the Falling Sickneſs. The Water that droppeth from the hollow Places of this Tree, taketh away Warts, Puſhes, Wheals, and other the like Breakings-out of the Body. The young Black Poplar Buds, faith Matthiolus, are much uſed by Women to beautify their Hair, bruiſing them with freſh But- ter, ſtraining them after they have been kept for ſome Time in the Sun. The Ointment called Populneon, which is made of this Poplar, is ſingular good for all Heat and Inflammation in any part of the Body, and tempereth the Heat of Wounds. It is much uſed to dry up the Milk,of Womens Breaſts, when they have weaned their Children, O Poppy. F this I ſhall deſcribe three Kinds, viz. the White and Black of the Garden, and the Erratick Wild Poppy, or Corn Roſe. Deſcript.] The White Poppy hath at firſt four or five whi-- tiſh green Leaves lying upon the Ground, which riſe with the Stalk, compalling it at the Bottom of them. and are very large, much cut or törn on the Edges, and dented alſo beſides : The Stalk, which is uſually four cr five Feet high, hath ſome- times no Branches at the Top, and uſually but two or three at moſt, bearing every one but one Head wrapped up in aa thin Skin, which boweth down before it is ready to blow, and then riſing, and being broken, the Flower within it ſpreading itſelf open, and conſiſting of four very large, white, round Leaves, with many whitiſh round Threads in the Middle, fet about a ſmall, round, green Head, having a. Crown, or Star-like Cover at the Head thereof, which grow- ing ripe, become as large as a great Apple, wherein are con- tained a great Number of ſmall round Seeds in ſeveral Par- titions or Diviſions next unto the Shell, the Middle thereof remaining hollow, and empty. As the whole Plant, both Leaves, Stalks and Heads, while they are freſh, young, and green, yield a Milk when they are broken, of an unpleaſant- bitter Taſte, almoſt ready to provoke Caſting, and of a ſtrong heady Smell, which being condenſate, is called Opium. The Root is white and woody, periſhing as ſoon as it hath given ripe Seed. The 264 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlargedha a The Black Poppy little differeth from the former, until i beareth its Flower, which is fomewhat leſs, and of a black purplifir Colour, but without any purple Spots in the Bottom of the Leaf. The Head of the Seed is much leſs than the- former, and openeth itſelf a little round about the Top, un- der the Crown, ſo that the Seed, which is very black, will fall out, if one turn the Head thereof downward. The Wild Poppy, or Corn-Roſe, hath long and narrow Leaves, very much cut in on the Edges into many Diviſions, of a light green Colour, ſometimes hairy withal: The Stalk is blackiſh and hairy alſo, but not ſo tall as the Garden-kind, having ſome fuch like Leaves thereon as grew below, parted into three or four Branches ſometimes, whereon grow ſmall hairy Heads bowing down before the Skin break, wherein the Flower is incloſed, which when it is full: blown open, is of a fair yellowiſh red or crimſon Colour, and in ſome much paler, without any Spot in the Bottom of the Leaves, having many black ſoft 'Threads in the Middle, compaſſing a ſmall green Head, which when it is ripe, is not bigger than one's little Finger's End, wherein is contained much black Seed, ſmaller by half than that of the Garden. The Reot. periſh- eth every year, and ſpringeth again of its own ſowing. Of this Kind there is one leſſer in all the Parts thereof, and dif- fereth in nothing elſe. Place.] The Garden-kinds do not naturally grow wild in any Place, but are all ſown in Gardens where they grow. The Wild Poppy, or Corn-Roſe, is plentifully enough, and Fany times too much in the Corn-Fields of all Counties through this Land, and alſo upon Ditch-Banks, and by Hedge-fides. The ſmaller wild Kind is alſo found in Corn- fields, and alſo in fome other Places, but not ſo plentifully as the former. Time.] The Garden Kinds are uſually fown in the Spring, which then flower about the End of May, and ſomewhat earlier, if they ſpring of their own fowing. The Wild Kind Lower uſually from May until July, and the Seed of them is ripe foon after the flowering. Governmená The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 265 Government and Virtues.] The Herb is Lunar, and of the Juice of it is made Opium; only for Lucre of Money they cheat you, and tell you 'tis a kind of Tear, or ſome ſuch like thing, that drops from Poppies when they weep, and that is ſomewhere beyond the Seas, I know not where beyond the Moon. The Procure Sleep, Ca- Garden PoppyHeads with Seeds made tarrhis, and and De- into a Syrup, is frequently,and to good fluxions, of Rheum, Effect, uſed to procure Reft, and Sleep, ſtayeth Hoarſeneſs, in the Sick and Weak, and to ftay Flux of the Belly, and Catarrhsand DefluxionsofthinRheums Womens Courſes, In- froin the Head into the Stomach, and flammations, and St. open the Lungs, cauſing a continual Anthony's Fire, Cough, the fere-runner of a Conſump- Pains in the Head, tion; it helpeth alſo Hoarſenfs of the Frenzies, 7 ooth-ach. Throat, and when one hath loſt their Voice, which the Oil of the Seed doth likewiſe. The black Seed boiled in Wine, and drank, is ſaid alſo to ſtay the Flux of the Belly, and Womens Courſes. The empty Shells, or Poppy-heads, are uſually boiled in Water, and given to pro- cure Reſt and Sleep: ſo do the Leaves in the fame Manner ; as alſo if the Head and Temples be bathed with the Decoction warm, or with the Oil of Poppies, the green Leaves or Heads bruiſed, and applied with a little Vinegar, or made into a Poultice with Barley-meal, or Hogs-greale, cooleth and tem- pereth all Inflammations, as alſo the Diſeaſe called St. An- thony's Fire. It is generally uſed in Treacle and Mithridate, and in all other Medicines that are made to procure Reft and Sleep, and to eaſe Pains in the Head as well as in other Parts, It is alſo uſed to cool Inflammations, Agues, or Frenzies, or to ſtay Defluxions which cauſe a Cough, or Conſumption, and alſo other Fluxes of the Belly, or Womens Courſes ; it is alſo put into hollow Teeth, to eaſe the Pain, and hath been found by Experience to eaſe the Pains of the Gout. The Wild Poppy, or Corn-Rofe (as Matthiolus faith) is good to prevent the Falling-ſickneſs, The Syrup made with the Flower, is Falling-fickneſs,Pleu- with good Effect given to thofe that rily, Surfeits, Agues, have the Pleuriſy; and the dried and Inflammations. Flowers alſo, either bo led in Water, made into Powder and drank, either in the diſtilled Water 266 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. of them or ſome other Drink, worketh the like Effect. The diftilled Water of the Flowers is held to be of much good Uſe againſt Surfeits, being drank Evening and Morning: It is alſo more cooling than any of the other Poppies, and there- fore cannot but be as effe&tual in hot Agues, Frenzies, and other Inflammations either inward or outward; the Syrup or Water to be uſed therein, or the green Leaves uſed outward- ly either in an Ointment, as it is in Populneon, a cooling Oint- ment, or any other ways applied. Gaien faith, The Seed is dangerous to be uſed inwardly, Purſlane. G Arden Purſlane (being uſed as a Sallad Herb) is ſo well known, that it needeth no Deſcription; I ſhall there... fore only ſpeak of its Virtues as followeth. Government and Virtues.] 'Tis an Herb of the Moon. It Ccoleth Heat of Blood is good to cool any Heat in the in hos Agues, Cholerick Liver, Blood, Reins, and Stomach, , Fluxes , WV omens Courles , It ſtayeth hot and cholerick Fluxes. and in hot Agues nothing better: the Whites and Gonorra of the Belly, Womens Courſes, hea, Diffillations, Frens the Whites, and Gonorrhæa, or zy, Heat of Urine, Luf: Running of the Reins, the Diſtil-- Cand venereous Drcains, lation from the Head, and Pains Worms, Vonitong,olddry therein proceeding of Heat, Want. Cough, ſport Breatherd of Sleep, or the Phrenzy. The Pthyfick, Ulcersin the fe- Seed is more effectual than the cret Parts, Redneſs in the Eyes and Infiumimations, Herb, and is of fingular good Uſe to cool the Heat and Sharpneſs of Crick or Pains in the Neck, Blafting by Light- Urine, and the outrageous Luft of the Body, venereous Dreams, and zing, burnings by Gun- the like; iníomuch that the over powder, fore. Breaſts, Childrens Navels, fore the Heat and Virtue of Natural , frequent Ufe hereof extinguiſheth Mouth, and fwollen. Procreation. The Seed bruiſed and Gums faſteneth Teeth, boiled in Wine, and given to . . Toothach, Bloody Urine, Children, expelleth the Worms. Gout, Cramp ana Stiff- The Juice of the Herb is held as of the Sinews. effectual to all the Purpoſes afore- faid; as alſo to ſtay Yomitings, and taken with ſome Sugar Or.. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 267 a or Honey, helpeth an old and dry Cough, Shortneſs of Breath, and the Phthiſick, and ſtayeth immoderate Thirſt. The di- ſtilled Water of the Herb is uſed by many (as the more plea- fing) with a little Sugar to work the ſame Effects. The Juice alſo is fingular good in the Inflammations and Ulcers in the Secret Parts in Man or Woman, as alſo the Bowels and Hæ- morrhoids, when they are ulcerous, or Excoriations in them: The Herb bruiſed and applied to the Forehead and Temples, allays exceſſive Heat therein, that hinders Reſt and Sleeps: and applied to the Eyes, taketh away the Redneſs and Inflam- mation in them, and thoſe other parts where Puſhes, Wheals, Pimples, St. Anthony's Fire, and the like, break forth ; eſpe-- cially if a little Vinegar be put to it, and being ſaid to the Neck with as much of Galls and Linſeed together, taketh away the Pains therein, and the Crick in the Neck. The Juice is uſed with Oil of Roſes for the fame Cauſes, or for Blaſting by Lightning, and Burnings by Gunpowder, or for Womens fore Breaſts, and to allay the Heat in all other Sores or Hurts ; applied alſo to the Navels of Children that ſtick forth, is helpeth them; it is alſo good for fore Mouths and Gums that are fwoln, and to faften looſe Teeth. Camee rarius faith, that the diſtilled Water uſed by ſome, took away the pain of their Teeth, when all other Remedies failed, and the thickened Juice made into Pills with the Powder of Guin Tragacanth and Arabick, being taken, prevaileth much to help thoſe that make bloody Water. Applied to the Gout it eaſeth Pains thereof, and helpeth the Hardneſs of the Sia pews, if it comé not of the Cramp, or a cold Cauſe. Primroſes. T: HEY are ſo well known, that they need no Defcrip. tion. Of the Leaves of Primroſes is made as fine a Salve to heal Wounds as any that I know, you ſhall be taught to make Salves of any Herb at the latter End of the Book make this as you are taught there, and do not (you that have any Ingenuity in you) ſee your poor Neighbours go with wounded Limbs when an Halfpenny Coft will heal them, Privet, 268 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. O a Privet. Deſcript.] UR common Privet is carried up with many flender Branches to a reaſonable Height and Breadth, to cover Arbours, Bowers,and Banquetting Houſes, and brought, wrought, and cut into many Forms, of Men, Horſes, Birds, &c. which though at firſt ſupported, groweth: afterwards ftrong of itſelf. It beareth long and narrow green • Leaves by the Couples, and liveet ſinelling white Flowers in Tufts at the End of the Branches, which turn into ſmall black Berries that have a purpleikh Juice with them and ſomeSeeds. that are flat on the one side, with a Hole or Dent therein. Place.] It groweth in this Land in divers Woods. Time.] Our Privet flowereth in June and Jaly, the Berries are ripe in Auguſt and September. Government and Virtues.] The Moon is Lady of this. It is little uſed in Phyfick with us in theſe Times, more than in Lotions, to waih Sores, and fore Lotions to waſh for: Mouths, and to cool Inflammations, Monts, Threats, cool and dry up Fluxes. Yet Matthiolus Inflammations, dry faith, it ferveth to all the Uſes for the Fluxes, Inflammatory which Cypreſs, or the Eaſt Privet, is Wounds, Head-ach, appointed by Diofcorides and Galen. Fluxes and Womens He farther faith, That the Oil that is Courſes, voiding made of the Flowers of Privet infuſed Blood, Rbeun in the therein, and ſet in the Sun, is fingular Eyes. good for the Inflammations of Wounds, and for the Head-ach coming of an, hot Cauſe. There is a fweet Water alſo diſtilled from the Flowers, that is good for all thoſe Diſeaſes that need cooling and drying, and therefore helpeth al Fluxes of the Belly or Stomach, Bloody Fluxes, and Womens Courſes, being either drank, or applied; as all thoſe that void Blood at the Mouth, or any other place, and for Diſtillations of Rheum in the Eyes, eſpecially if it be uſed with Tutia. 1 Queen of the Meadows, Meadow Sweet, or Mead Sweet. HE Stalks of this are reddiſh, riſing to be three Feet high, ſometimes four or five Feet, having at the Joints thereoflarge winged Leaves, ftanding one above Defcript.] 1 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 269 above another at Diſtances, conſiſting of many and ſomewhat broad Leaves, fet on each side of a middle Rib, being hard, rough, or rugged, crumpled much likeunto Elm Leaves, hay- ing alſo fome ſmaller Leaves with them (as Agrimony hath) ſomewhat deeply dented about the Edges, of a fad green Co- lour on the upper Side, and greyiſh underneath, of a pretty , ſharp Scentand Taſte, ſomewhat like unto Burnet; and a Leaf hereof put into a Cup of Claret Wine, giveth alſo a fine Reliſh to it. At the Tops of the Stalks and Branches ſtand many Tufts of ſmall white Flowers thruſt thick together, which ſmellmuch ſweeter than the Leaves ;and in their Places, being fallen, fome crooked and cornered Seed. The Root is fome- what woody, and blackiſh on the Outſide, and browniſh with- in, with divers great Strings, and lefſer Fibres ſet thereat, of a ſtrong Scent, but nothing ſo pleaſant as the Flowers and Leaves, and periſheth not, but abideth many Years, ſhooting forth a-new every Spring. Place.] It groweth in moiſt Meadows that lie much wet,or near the Courſes of Water. Time.] It flowereth in fome Places or other all the three Summer Months, that is, June, July, and Auguft, and the Seed is ripe foon after. Government and Virtues.] Venus claims Dominion over the Herb. It is uſed to ſtay all manner of Bleedings, Fluxes, Vomitings, and Womens Courſes, as alſo their Whites: It is ſaid to alter Bleeding, Fluxes, VC- and take away the Fits of the Quartan mitings, Quartan A- Agues, and to make a merry Heart, gues, Womens Courſes and Whites, Cholick, for which Purpoſe ſome uſe the Flow- ers, and ſome the Leaves. It helpeth opens the Bellys Old Ulcers, healeth. fore ſpeedily thoſe that are troubled with Mouths or Secrets, the Cholick; being boiled in Wine, and with a little Honey taken warm, raiſes Bliſters, Inflans- mations in the Eyes. it openeth the Belly, but boiled in Red Wine, and drank, it ſtayeth the Flux of the Belly. Being out- wardly applied, it helpeth old Ulcers that are cankerous or eaten, or hollow and fiſtulous, for which it is by many much commended, as alſo for the Sores in the Mouth or Secret Parts. The Leaves, when they are full grown, being laid upon the Skin, will, in a ſhort 'Time, raife Blifters thereon, as Tragus faith. The Water thereof helpeth the Heat and Inlammation in the Eyes. a 270 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The Quince Tree. Deſcript.] T HEordinary Quince Tree groweth often tothe but more uſually lower, and crooked, with a rough Bark, ſpreading Arms and Branches far abroad. The Leaves are fomewhat like thoſe of the Apple Tree, but thicker, broader, and fuller of Veins, and whiter on the under Side, not dented at all about the Edges. The Flowers are large and white,fome- times daihed over with a Bluſh. The Fruit that followeth is yellow, being near ripe, and covered with a white Freeze, or Cotton; thick ſet on the younger, and growing leſs as they grow to be thorough ripe, bunched out oftentimes in fome Places, fome being like an Apple, and ſome a Pear, of a ſtrong heady Scent, and not durable to keep, and is four, haríh, and of an unpleaſant Taſte to eat freſh'; but being fcalded, roa ita ed, baked, or preſerved, becometh more pleaſant. Place and Time.] It beft likes to grow near Ponds and Wa- ter-fides ,and is frequent through this Land; and flowereth not until the Leaves be come forth. The Fruit is ripe in Septem- Zer or O&ober. Government and Virtues.] Old Saturn owns the Tree. Quinces when they are green, help all sorts of Fluxes in Fluxes, Lašks, &c. provo- Man or Woman, and cholerick keth Appetite, ftayeth 70- Laſks, Caſting, and whatever miting, Fainting, Spirits, Way prepared by Fire; yet the needeth Aftrialien, more than any , Choler, Flegm, Poiſon, Wo- mens B eaſts, Plague-fores, ſerve, are much conducible, much Syrup of the Juice, or the Con- Freſerweth Hair. of the binding Quality being con- ſumed by the Fire, if a little Vinegar be added, ſtirreth up the languiſhing Appetite, and the Stomach given to Cafting; fome Spices being added, comforteth and ſtrengtheneth the decaying and fainting Spirits, and helpeth the Liver op- preſſed, that it cannot perfect the Digeſtion, or correcteth Choler and Phlegm. If you would have them purging, put Honey to them inſtead of Sugar; and if more laxative, for Choler,Rhubarb ; for Phlegm, Turbith; for watryHumours, Scammony; but if more forcibly to bind, uſe the unripe Quinces, with Roſes and Acàcia, Hypociſtis, and ſome torrified Rhubarb. To take the crude Juice of Quinces, is held a Prefervative againſt the Force of deadly Poiſon; for - hath been found moſt certainly true that the very Smell of а The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 271 of a Quince hath taken away all the Strength of the Poiſon of White Hellebore. If there be need of any outward binding and cooling of hot Fluxes, the Oil of Quinces, or other Me- dicines that may be made thereof, are very available to a- noint the Belly or other Parts therewith; it likewiſe ſtrength- eneth the Stomach and Belly, and the Sinews that are looſened by ſharp Humours falling on them, and reſtraineth immoderate Sweatings. The Mucilage taken from the Seeds of Quinces, and boiled in a little Water, is very good to cool the Heat, and heal the Sore Breaſts of Women. The ſame with a little Sugar, is good to lenify the Harſhneſs and Hoarſeneſs of the Throat, and Roughneſs of the Tongue. The Cotton or Down of Quinces boiled and applied to Plague Sores, healeth them up; and laid as a Plaifter, made up with Wax, it bringeth Hair to them that are bald, and keepeth it from falling, if it be ready to fhed. Raddiſh, or Horſe-Radiſh, TH HE Garden Radiſh is ſo well known, that it needeth no Deſcription. Deſcript,] The Harſe-Radiſha hath his firſt Leaves that rife before Winter, about a Foot and Half long, very much cut in or torn on the Edges into many Parts, of a dark green Colour, with a great Rib in the Middle; after theſe have been up a while, others follow, which are greater, rougher, broader and I nger,whole, and not divided at firſt, but only fomewhat roughly dented about the Edges; the Stalks when it beareth Flowers (which is feldom) is great, riſing up with ſome few leffer Leaves thereon, to three or four Feet high, ſpreading at the Top manyſmall Branches of whitiſh Flowers, made of four Leaves a-piece; after which come ſmall Pods, like thoſe of ; Shepherds Purſe, but ſeldom with anySeed in them. TheRoot is great, long, white, and rugged, ſhooting up divers Heads of Leaves, which may be parted for Increaſe, but it doth not creep in the Ground, nor run above Ground, and is of a ſtrong, ſharp, and bitter Taſte, almoſt like Mustard. Place.] It is found wild in ſome places of this Land, but is chiefly planted in Gardens, where it joyeth in moiſt and thadowy Places. Time.] It flowereth but feldom; but when it doth, it is in July Govern- 272 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Government and Virtues.] They are both under Marf.. The Juice of Horſe Radiſh given to drink,is held to be very effectual for the Scurvy. It killeth Scarvy, Worms,Sciatica, the Worms in Children, being Liver, Spleen. drank, and alſo laid upon the Belly. The Root bruiſed and laid to the Place grieved with the Sciatica, Joint-ach, or the hard Swell- ings of the Liverand Spleen, doth wonderfully help them all. The diftilled Water of the Herb and Root is more familiar to be taken with a little Sugar for all the Purpoſes aforeſaid. Garden Radiſhes are in Wantonneſs by the Gentry eaten as a Sallad, but they breed but Scurvy Humours in the Sto- mach, and corrupt the Blood, and then ſend for a Phyſician as faſt as you can; this is one Cauſe makes the Owners of fuch nice Palates ſo unhealthful; yet for ſuch Stone, Dyfury, as are troubled with the Gravel, Stone, er Stoppage of Urine, they are good Phyfick, if the Body be ſtrong that takes them ; you may make the Juice of the Roots into a Syrup if you pleaſe, for that Uſe: They purge by Urine exceedingly. Ragwort. а IT is called alfo St. James's-swers , and Stagger-wort, and . , and Deſcript.] The greater common Ragwort hath many large and long, dark, green Leaves lying on the Ground, very much rentand torn on the sides in many places; from among which riſe up fometimes but one and ſometimes two or three ſquare or crefted blackih os browniſh Stalks, three or four Feet high, ſometimes branched, bearing divers ſuch-like Leaves upon them, at ſeveral Diſtances unto the Top, where it brancheth forth into many Stalks bearing yellow Flowers, conſiſting of divers Leaves, ſet as a Pale or Border, with a dark yellow Thrum in the Middle, which do abide a great while, but at lait are turned into Down, and with the ſuall blackiſh grey Seed, are carried away with the Wind. The Root is made of many Fibres, wkereby it is firmly faftened into the Ground, and abideth many Years. There is another Sort thereof different from the former only in this, that it riſeth not fo high; the Leaves are not ſo finely jagged, nor of fo dark a green Colour, but rather ſomewhat whitish, ſoft and woolly, and the Flowers uſually paler. Place.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 273 Place.] They grow both of them wild in Paftares, and un- tilled Grounds, in many places, and oftentimes both in one Field. Time.] They flower in June and July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] Ragwort is under the Command of Dame Venus, and cleanſeth, di- gefteth, anddiſcuſſeth. TheDecoc- Sore Mouth or Throat, tion of the Herb is good to waſh Swellings and Impoft- (the Mouthor Throat that hath Ul- humes, Quinly, and cers or Sores therein;and for Swel- King's Evil, Caterrhs, and lings, Hardneſs, or Impoſthuma- Defluxions, green Wounds, tions, for it thoroughly cleanſeth and Ulcers in the privy and healeth them;as alſo the Quin- Paris, running Cankers, ; fy, and the King's Evil. It helpeth and hollow Fiſtulas, Aches to ſtay Catarrhs, thin-Rheums,and and Pains, Sciatica. Defluxions from the Head into the Eyes, Noſe, or Lungs. The Juice is found by Experience ito be fingular good to heal green Wounds, and to cleanſe and heal all old and filthy Ulcers in the Privities, and in other Parts of the Body, as alſo inward Wounds and Ulcers; ſtayeth the Malignity of fretting and running Cankers, and hollow Fiſtulas, not ſuffering them to ſpread farther. It is alſo much commended to help Aches and Pains either in the fleſhy Part, or in the Nerves and Sinews; as alſo the Sciatica, or Pain of the Hips or Huckle-bone, to bathe the Places with the Decoction of the Herb, or to anoint them with an Oint- ment made of the Herb, bruiſed and boiled in old Hogs Suet, with fome Maſtick and Olibanum in Powder added unto it after it is ftrained forth. In Sulex we call it Ragweed. Rattle Graſs. F this there are two kinds which I ſhall ſpeak of, viz. the Red and Yellow. Deſcript.] The common Red Rattle hath ſundry reddiſh, hollow Stalks, and ſometimes green, riſing from the Root, ly- ing for the moſt Part on the Ground, come growing more up- right, with many ſmall reddiſh or green Leaves ſet on both Sides of a middle Rib, finely dented about the Edges : The Flowers ftand at the Tops of the Stalks and Branches, of a fine purpleiſh red Colour, like ſmall gaping Hooks: after OF which 274 The Engliſh Pbyhcian Enlarged. which come blackiſh Seed in ſmall Huſks, which lying looſe therein, will rattle with ſhaking. The Root conſiſts of two . or three ſmall whitiſh Strings with ſome Fibres thereat. The common Yellow Rattle hath feldom above one round great Stalk, riſing from the Root, about Half a Yard, or two Feet high, and but few Branches thereon, having two long and ſomewhat broad Leaves fet at a Joint, deeply cut in on the Edges, reſembling a Comb of a Cock, broadeft next to the Stalk, and ſmaller to the End. The Flowers grow at the Tops of the Stalks, with ſome ſorter Leaves with them, hooded after the fame Manner that the others are, but of a fair yellow Colour, or in ſome paler, and in ſome more white. The Seed is contained in large Huſks, and being ripe, will rattle or make a Noile with lying looſe in them. The Root is ſmall and ſlender, periſhing every Year. Place.]. They grow in Meadows and Woods generally through this Land. Time.] They are in Flower from Midſummer until Auguſt be paft, ſometimes. Government and Virtues.] They are both of them under the Dominion of the Moon. The Red Fiſula, and hollow Rattle is accounted profitable to heal Ulcers, Womens Cour- up Fiftulas and hollow Ulcers, and to Jes, Fluxes. ſtay the Flux of Humours to them, as alſo the abundanceof Womens Courſes, or any other Flux of Blood, being boiled in Red Wine, and drank. The Yellow Rattle, or Cock's-comb, Cough, Dim Sight. is held to be good for thoſe that are troubled with a Cough, or Dimneſs of Sight, if the Herb, being boiled with Beans, and ſome Ho- ney put thereto, be drank or dropped into the Eyes. The whole Seed being put into the Eyes, draweth forth Limneſs, or Film, from the Sight, without Trouble, or Pain. any Skin, Reſt Harrow, or Cammock. Ommon Reſt Horrow riſeth up with divers Iefcript. rough woody Twigs Half a Yard or a Ya:d ligh, ſet at the Joints without Order, with little roundiſh Leaves, ſometimes mor than two or three at a Place, of a dark green Colour, without Thorns while they are young; but The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 275 "but afterwards armed in fundry Places with ſhort and ſharp Thorns. The Flowers come forth at the 'Tops of the Twigs and Branches, whereof it is full faſhioned like Peaſe or Broom Bloffoms, but leſſer, flatter, and fomewhat cloſer, of a faint purpleifh Colour; after which come finall Pods containing Inail, flat, round Seed: The Root is blackiſh on the Outſide, and whitiſh within, very rough, and hard to break when it is freſh and green, and as hard as an Horn when it is dried, thruſting down deep into the Ground, and ſpreading likewiſe, everv Piece being apt to grow again if it be left in the Ground. Place.] It groweth in many places of this Land, as well in the arable as waſte Ground. Time.] It flowereth about the Beginning or Middle of July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguſt. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Mars. It is fingular good to provoke Urine when it is ſtopped, and to break Urine ſtopped, Stone, and drive forth the Stone, which the fleshy Ruptures, Tooth- Powder of the Bark of the Root taken ach, Liver and Spleen, in Wine performeth effe&tually. Mat- obfructed Ulcers. thiolus faith, The fame helpeth the Diſeaſe called Hernia Carnoſa, the fleſhy Rupture, by taking the faid Powder for ſome Months together conſtantly, and that it hath cured ſome which ſeemed incurable by any other Means than by cutting, or burning. The Decoction thereof made with ſome Vinegar, gargled in the Mouth, caſeth the Tooth-ach, eſpecially when it comes of Rheum ; and the ſaid Decoction is very powerful to open Obftructions of the Liver and Spleen, and other Parts. A diſtilled Water in Bal- neo Marice, with four Pounds of the Root hereof firſt ſliced ſmall, and afterwards ſteeped in a Gallon of Canary Wine, is fingular good for all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, and to cleanſe the Paſſages of the Urine. The Powder of the ſaid Root made into an Electuary, or Lozenges, with Sugar, as alſo the Bark of the freſh Roots boiled tender, and afterwards beaten to a Conſerve with Sugar, worketh the like Effect. The Powder of the Roots ſtrewed upon the Brims of Ulcers, or mixed with any other convenient Thing, and applied, conſumeth the Hardneſs, and caureth them to heal the better, a Rocket 2,76 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. I Rocket. N regard the Garden Rocket is rather uſed as a Sallad Merb, than to any Phyſical Purpoſes, 1 Mall omit it, and only ſpeak of the common wild Rocket: The Deſcription whereof take as followeth, Deſcript.] The common wild Rocket hath longer and nar- rower Leaves, much more divided into flenderCuts and Jags on both Sides the middle Rib than the Garden Kinds have, of a fad overworn green Colour, from among which riſe up divers Stalks two or three Feet high, ſometimes ſet with the like Leaves, but ſmaller and ſmaller upwards, branched from the Middle into divers tiff Stalks, bearing fundry yellow Flowers on them, made of four Leaves a piece, as the others are, which afterwards yield them ſmall reddiſh Seed, in ſmall long Pods of a more bitter and hot biting Taſte than the Garden Kinds, as the Leaves are alſo. Place.] It is found wild in divers Places of this Land. Time.] It flowereth about Yune or July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The wild Rockets are forbidden to be uſed alone, in regard their Sharpneſs fumeth into the Head, caufing Aches and Pains therein, and are leſs hurtful to hot and cholerick Perſons, for fear of inflaming their Blood, and therefore for ſuch we may ſay a little doth but a little Harm, for angry Mars rules them, and he ſometimes will be ruſty when he meets with Fools. The wild Rocket is more ſtrong and effectual to increaſe Increaſe Sperm and Ve- Sperm and Venereous Qualities, nery, helps Digeſtion, pro- whereunto all the Seed is more vokes Urine, biting of Ser- effectual than the Garden Kind; it penis, &c. Coughin Chil-ſerveth alſo to help Digeſtion, and dren, increaſetb Milk, provoketh Urine exceedingly. The cleanſeth the Face, Scars, Seed is uſed to cure the Biting of Marks of Small Pixo Serpents, the Scorpion, and the Shrew Mouſe, and other Poiſons, and expelleth Worms, and other noiſome Creatures that breed in the Belly. The Herb boiled or ftewed, and ſome Sugar put thereto,helpeth the Cough in Children, being taken often. The Seed alſo taken in Drink, takech away the ill Scent of the Arm-pits, increaſe th Milk in Nurſes, and waſteth the Spleen. The Seed mixed with Honey, and uſed on the Face, cleanſeth the Skin from Morphew, and other Diſcolourings therein ; and The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 1277 pox. and uſed with Vinegar, taketh away Freckles and Redneſs in the Face, or other Parts; and with the Gall of an Ox it mendeth foul Scars, black and blue Spots, and the Marks of the Small Winter-Rocket, or Creſſes. Defcript.] W vers somewhat large fad green Leaves lying Inter Rocket, or Winter-Creſſes, hath di- upon the Ground, torn or cut in divers Parts, ſomewhat like. unto Rocket or Turnip-Leaves, with ſmaller Pieces next the Bottom, and broad at the Ends, which fo abide all the Win- ter (if it ſpring up in Autumn, when it is uſed to be eaten) from among which riſe up divers ſmall round Stalks, full of Branches, bearing many ſmall yellow Flowers of four Leaves a-piece, after which come ſmall Pods, with reddiſh Seed in them. The Root is ſomewhat ſtringy, and periſheth every Year after the Seed is ripe,. Place.] It groweth of its own accord in Gardens and Fields, by the Way-fides, in divers Places; and particularly in the next Paſture to the Conduit-head behind Gray's Inn, that brings Water to Mr. Lamb's Conduit in Holbourn. Time.] It flowereth in May, and feedeth in June, and then perilleth. Government and Virtues.] This is profitable to provoke Urine, and helpeth Strangury, and to expel Gravel and the Stone. It is alſo of good Effect in the Scurvy. It is found by Experi- Strangury, Gravel and ence to be a fingular good Wound- Stene, Scurvy, Wounds, herb, to cleanſe inward Wounds; Ulcers and Sores. the Juice or Decoctiion being drank, or outwardly applied to waſh foul Ulcers and Sores, cleanſing them by ſharpneſs, and hindering or abating the dead Fleſh from growing therein, and healing them by the drying Quality. Rofes. Hold it altogether needleſs to trouble the Reader with a I and the Roſes of the Briars are well enough known; take therefore the Virtue of them as followeth : And firſt I ſhall begin with the Garden-kinds. Government and Virtues.] What a Pother have Authors made with Roſes? What a Racket have they kept? I ſhall add, Red Roſes are under Jupiter, Damak under Venus, N White 278 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. White under the Moon, and Provence under the King of France. The White and Red Roſes are cooling and drying, and yet the White is taken to exceed the Red in both the Properties, but is ſeldom uſed inwardly in any Medicine; The Bitterneſs in the Roſes when they are freſh, eſpecially the Juice, purgeth Choler, and watry Humours; but being dried, and that Heat which cauſed the Choler and wateriſh, Bitterneſs being conſumed, they have Humours, Head-ach, then abinding and a fringent Quality: Pains in the Eurs, Thoſe alſo that are not full blown, do Throat and Gums, Fun- both cool and bind more than thoſe dament, Bowels and that are full blown, and the White Matrix, St. Anthony's Rofe more than the Red. The Decoc- Fire, Stomach, Womens tion of Red Roſes made with Wine Courſes, Defluxions, and uſed, is very good for the Head- , Fafieneth Teeth, Laſk, ach, and Pains in the Eyes, Ears, Spitting of Blood, Heat Throat and Gums; as alſo for the aud Inflammations, Fundament, the lower parts of the Reft,and Sleep, Whites Belly and the Matrix, being bathed or and Reds in Women, put into them. The ſame Decodion Choler and Phlegm, with the Roſes remaining in it, is pro- Redneſs and Watering fitably applied to the Region of in the Eyes. the Heart to eaſe the Infiammation therein; as alſo St. Anthony's Fire, and other Diſeaſes of the Stomach. Being dried and beaten to Powder, and taken in fteeled Wine or Water, it helpeth to ſtay Womens Courſes. The yellow Threads in the Middle of the Roſes (which are erroneouſly called the Roſe Seed) being powdered and drank in the Diftilled Water of Quinces, ſtayeth the overflowing of Womens Courſes, and doth wonderfully ſtay the Defluxions of Rheum upon the Gums and Teeth, preſerving them from Cor- ruption, and faitening them if they be looſe, being waſhed and gargled therewith, and ſome Vinegar of Squills added thereto. The Heads with the Seed being uſed in Powder, or in a Decoction, ſtayeth the Laſk and Spitting of Blood. Red Roſes do ſtrengthen the Heart, the Stomach and the Liver, and the retentive Faculty: They mitigate the Pains that ariſe from Heat, aſſuage Inflammations, procure Reſt and Sleep, ſtay both Whites and Reds in Women, the Gonorrhea, or Running of the Reins, and Fluxes of the Belly; the Juice The Englih Phyſician Enlarged. 279 of them doth purge and cleanſe the Body from Choler and Phlegm. The Huſks of the Roſes, with the Beards and Nails of the Roſes, are binding and cooling, and the diſtilled Water of either of them is good for the Heat and Redneſs in the Eyes, and to ſtay and dry up the Rheums and watering of them. Of the Red Roſes are uſually made many Com- poſitions, all ſerving to fundry good Ulps, viz. Electuary of Roſes, Conſerve, both moiſt and dry, which is more uſually called Sugar of Roſes, Syrup of dry Roſes, and Honey of Roſes. The Cordial Powder called Diarrhodon Abbatis, and Aromatica Roſarum. The diſtilled Water of Roſes, Vinegar of Roſes, Ointment, and Oil of Roſes, and the Roſe Leaves dried, which, altho' no Compoſition, yet are of very great Uſe and Effect. To write at large of every one of theſe, would make my Book ſwell too big, it being fufficient for a Volume of itſelf, to ſpeak fully of them. But briefly, the Ele&tuary is purging, whereof two or three Drachmsta- ken by itſelf in ſome convenient Liquor, is a Purge ſufi- cient for a weak Conftitution; but may be increaſed to fix Drachms, according to the Strength of the Patient. It purgeth Choler without Trouble, and it is good in hot Fevers, and A Purge for Cboler, hat Pains of the Head ariſing from hot Pains of the cholerick Humours, and Heat in Head, Heat of the Eyes. the Eyes, the Jaundice alſo, and Jaundiceand Joint-aches, Joint-aches proceeding of hot Hu- Diftillations and De- mours. The moiſt Conſerve is of fluxions of Rheum, Fluxes mach Uſe, both binding and cor- and Laks, Running dial; for until it be about Two of the Reins, Faintings, Years old, it is more binding than Swoonings and Trem- cordial, and after that, more cor- blings of the Heart, Help- dial than binding. Some of the eth Digeftion, Stayeth younger Conſerve taken with Mi- Caſting, Infection, Cool- tbridete mixed together, is good eth the Liver and Blood, for thoſe that are troubled with RefiftethPutrefactionand Diſtillations of Rheum from the Infetion. Sore Mouths, Throat &c. Comforts the Brain to the Noſe; and Defluxi- on of Rhem into the Eyes; as Heart and Stomach, ſtays alſo for Fluxes and Lalks of the Vomitings, Faint Spirits, Belly; and being mixed with the Redneſs of the Eyes. Powder of Maftick, is very good for the Running of the Reins, and for the Looſeneſs of Humours in the Body. The eld Feve sg N 2 280 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. old Conſerve mixed with Aromaticum Rofatum, is a very good Cordial againſt Faintings, Swoonings, Weakneſs and Trem- blings of the Heart, ftrengthens both it and a weak Stomach, helpeth Digeftion, ſtayeth Caiting, and is a very good Pre. fervative in the Time of Infection. Thedry Conferve, which is called Sugar of Roſes, is a very good Cordial to ſtrengthen the Heart and Spirits; as alſo to ſtay Defluxions. The Syrup of dried Red Roſes ſtrengthens a Stomach given to Caſting, cocleth an over-heated Liver, and the Blood in Agues, com- 'forteth the Heart, and reſiſteth Putrefaction and Infection, and helpeth to ſtay Laſks and Fluxes. Honey of Roſes is much uſed in Gargles and Lotions to waſh Sores, either in the Mouth, Throat, or other Parts, both to cleanſe and healthem, and to itay the Fluxes of Humours falling upon them. It is alſo uſed in Clyfters both to cool and cleanſe. The Cordial Powders, called Diarrhodon Abbatis and Aromatica Rofarum, do comfort and ſtrengthen the Heart and Stomach, procure an Appetite, help Digeſtion, ſtay Vomiting; and are very good for thoſe that have ſlippery Bowels, to ſtrengthen them, and to dry up their Moiſture : Red Roſe-wateris well known, and of a familiar Uſe on all Occaſions, and better than Damaſk Roſe-water; being cooling and cordial, refreſhing, quicken- ing the weak and faint Spirits, uſed either in Meats or Broths, to waſh the Temples, to ſmell at the Noſe, or to ſmell the ſweet Vapours thereof out of a Perfuming Pot, or caſt into a hct Fire-thovel. It is alſo of much good Uſe againſt the Redneſs and Inflammations of the Eyes to bathe them there- with, and the Temples of the Head; as alſo againſt Pain and Ach, for which Purpoſe alſo Vinegar of Rofes is of much good Ufe, and to procure Reft and Sleep, if ſome thereof, and Roſe-water together, be uſed to Procure Sleep ſinell unto, or the Noſe and Tem- ples moiſtened therewith, but more uſually to moiſten a Piece of a Red-Roſe Cake, cut for the Purpoſe, and heated between a double folded Cloth, with a little beaten Nutmeg, and Poppy-Seed ſtrewed on the side that muſt lie next to the Forehead and Temples, and bound ſo thereto for all Night. The Ointment of Rofes is much Heat of the Liver, Back, uſed againſt Heat and Inflamma- and Reins, Puſhes Wheals tions in the Head, to anoint the and Pimples, Fluxes of Forehead and Temples, and being Humours. mixt with Unguentum Populneon, to procure The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 281 procure Reſt; as it is alſo uſed for the Heat of the Liver, the Back and Reins, and to cool and heal Puſhes, Wheals, and other red Pimples riſing in the Face or other Parts. Oil of Roſes is not only uſed by itſelf to cool any hot Swellings or Inflammations, and to bind and ſtay Fluxes of Hu- mours unto Sores, but is alſo put into Ointments and Plaiſters that are cooling, and binding, and reſtraining the Flux of Humours. The dried Leaves of the Red Roſes are uſed both inwardly and outwardly, both cooling, binding, and cordial, for with them are inade both Aromaticum Roſa- tum, Diarrhodon Abbatis, and Saccharum Rofarum, each of whoſe Properties are before declared. Roſe Leaves and Mint, heated and applied outwardly to the Stomach, ſtay Caſtings, and very much ſtrengthen a weak Stomach; and applied as a Fomentation to the Region of the Liver and Heart, do Weak Stomach, Purgeth much cool and temper them, and Choler, Bind the Belly, alſo ſerve initead of a Roſe Cake Melancholick Humours, (as is ſaid before) to quiet the over- Leproſy, Itch, Tetters. hot Spirits, and cauſe Reſt and French-pox, openthe Belly Sleep. The Syrup of Damaſk- Roſes is both Simple and Compound, and made with Agarick. The ſimple ſolutive Syrup is a familiar, ſafe, gentle and eaſy Medicine, purging Choler, taken from one Ounce to three or four; yet this is remarkable herein, that the diſtilled Water of this Syrup ſhould notably bied the Belly. The Syrup with Agarick is more ſtrong and effectu- al, for one Ounce thereof by itſelf will open the Body more than the other, and worketh as much on Phlegm as Choler. The Compound Syrup is more forcible in working on melancholick Humours. And available againſt the Li- profy, Itch, Tetters, &c. and the French Diſeaſe : Alſo Honey of Rofes folutive is made of the ſame Infuſions that the Syrup is made of, and therefore worketh the ſame Effect, both Opening and Purging ; but is oftener given to Phleg- matick than Cholerick Perſons, and is more uſed in Clyfters than in Potions, as the Syrup made with Sugar is. The Conſerve and Preſerved Leaves of thoſe Roſes are alſo opera- tive in gently opening the Belly. The Simple Water of the Damaſk Roſes is chiefly uſed for Fumes to ſweeten Things, as the dried Leaves thereof ta make ſweet Powders, and fill ſweet Bags; and little Ufe they N 3 282 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. they are put to in Phyſick, although they have ſome Purg- ing Quality; the wild Roſes alſo are few or none of them uſed in Phyfick, but are generally held to come near the Na. ture of the manured Roſes. The Fruit of the Wild Briar, which are called Hips, being theroughly ripe, and made Bind the Belly, and ſtay fides the Pleafantneſs of the Tafte, into a Conſerve with Sugar, be- Defiuxions. Whites ir doth gently bind the Belly, and Women, Stone, Provokes ſtay Defluxions from the Head up- Urine, Cholick, Worms. on the Stomach, drying up the Moiſture thereof, and helpeth Digeſtion. The Pulp of the Hips dried into a hard Confiftence, like to the Juice of Li uoriſn, or ſo dried that it may be made into Powder and taken in Drink, ftayeth ſpeedily the Whites in Women. The Briar Ball is often uſed, being made into Powder and drank, to break the Stone, to provoke Urine when it is ſtopped, and to eaſe and help the Cholick; fome appoint it to be burnt, and then taken for the fame Purpoſe. In the Middle of the Balls are cften found certain white Worms, which being dried and made into Powder, and ſome of it drank, is found by Experience of many to kill and drive forth the Worms of the Belly. Roſa Solis, or Sun-dew. Defeript.) I Thath divers female round, hollow. Leaxes fome. a greeniſh, but full of certain red Hairs, which make them ſeem red, every one ſtanding upon his own Footítalks, reddiſh, hairy likewiſe, The Leaves are con- tinually moiſt in the hotteſt Day, yea, the hotter the Sun ſhines on them, the moiſter they are, with a Slimineſs that will rope (as we fay) the ſmall Hairs always holding this Moiſture. Among theſe Leaves riſe up ſender Stalks, red- diſh alſo, three or four Fingers high, bearing divers ſmall white Knobs ne above another, which are Flowers; after which, in the Heads are contained fmall Seeds. The Rootis a few ſmall Hairs. Place.] It groweth uſually in Bogs and in wet Places, and fometimes in m iſt Woods.. Time.] It flowercth in June, and then the Leaves are fitteft to be gathered. Government and Virtues.] The Sun rules it, and it is un- der the Sign Cancer. Rofa Solis is accounted good to help thcſe that have a falt Rheum diftilling on the Lungs, which breederl The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 233 breedeth a Conſumption, and there Diſtillationof Rbcuin, fore the diſtilled Water thereof in Phthiſick, W beefini's, Wine is held fit and profitable for Shortneſs of Breat!, ſuch to drink; which Water will be Coughs, Ulcers in is; of a good yellow Colour. The Lungs, Comforts ** fame Water is held to be good for Heart, Raiſes Bliſters, all other Diſeaſes of the Lungs, as Paſions of the Heart. Phthificks, Wheelings, Shortneſs of Breath, or the Cough; as alſo to heal the Ulcers that hap- pen in the Lungs; and it comforteth the Heart and fainting Spirits. The Leaves outwardly applied to the Skin, will raiſe Bliſters, which hath cauſed fome to think it dangerous to be taken inwardly; but there are other Things which will alſo draw Bliſters, yet nothing dangerous to be taken in- wardly. There is an uſual Drink made thereof with Aqua Vite and Spices frequently, and without any Offence or Danger, but to good Purpoſe uſed in Qualms and Pallions of the Heart. Roſemary. UR Garden Roſemary is ſo well known, that I need not deſcribe it. Time.] It flowereth in April and May with us, ſometimes again in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The Sun claims Privilege in it, and it is under the celeſtial Ram. It is an Herb of as great Uſe with us in theſe Days as any whatſoever, not only for phyſical but civil Purpoſes. The phyſical Uſe of it (being my prefent Talk) is very much both for inward and outward Diſeaſes; for by the warming and com- forting Heat thereof it helpeth all cold Diſeaſes, both of the Head, Sto- Cold Diſeaſes, Rheum, mach, Liver, and Belly. The De- Swimmingofthe Head, , coction thereof in Wine, it help- Drowſineſs, Stupidity, eth the cold Diſtillations of Rheums DumbPalfy Lethargy", into the Eyes, and all other cold Falling fickneſs, Tooth Diſeaſes of the Head and Brain, ach, Weak Memory, the Giddineſs or Swimmings Stomach, Retention therein, Drowſineſs or Dulneſs of Meat, Wind, Liver of the Mind and Senſes like a grown, dim Sight, Stupidneſs, the dumb Palfy, or Yellow faundice Pej- Lofs of Speech, the Lethargy, tilence,W bites in o- and O as 284 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. men, Cough,Phthifíck, and Falling-Sickneſs, to be both or Conſumption, Be- drank, and the Temples bathed num'd Joints, Spots, therewith. It helpeth the Pains in and Scars in the Skin. the Gums and Teeth, by Rheum falling into them, not by Putrefaction, caufing an evil Smell from them, or a ſtinking Breath. It helpeth a weak Memory, and quickeneth the Senſes. 'Tis very comfortable to the Sto- mach in all the cold Griefs thereof, helpech both Retention of Meat, and Digeſtion, the Decoction or Powder being ta- ken in Wine. It is a Remedy for the Windineſs in the Sto- mach and Bowels, and expels it powerfully; as alſo Wind in the Spleen. It helpeth thoſe that are Livergrown, by opening the Obſtructions thereof. It helpeth dim Eyes, and procureth a clear Sight, the Flowers thereof being taken all the while it is fowering, every Morning fafting, with Bread and Salt. Both Diofcorides and Galen ſay, That if a Decc&tion be made thereof with Water, and they that have the Yellow-Jaundice to exerciſe their Bodies pre- fently after the taking thereof, it will certainly cure them. The Flowers and Conſerve made of them, are ſingular good to comfort the Heart, and to expel the Contagion of the Peſtilence; to burn the Herb in Houſes and Cham- bers, correcteth the Air in them. Both the Flowers and the Leaves are very profitable for Women that are trou- bled with the Whites, if they be daily taken. The dried Leaves fhred ſmall, and taken in a Pipe, as Tobacco is taken, helpeth thoſe that have any Cough, or Phthiſick, or Conſumption, by warming and drying the thin Diſtilla- tions which cauſe thoſe Diſeaſes. The Leaves are very much uſed in Bathings; and made into Ointments, or Oil, are fingular good to help cold benumbed Joints, Sinews, or Members. The Chymical Oil drawn from the Leaves and Flowers is a fovereign Help for all the Diſeaſes aforeſaid, to tonch the Temples and Noftrils with two or three Drops for all the Diſeaſes of the Head and Brain ſpoken of before; as alſo to take one Drop, two or three, as the caſe Cafe re- quireth, for the inward Griefs : yet muſt it be done with Diſcretion, for it is very quick and piercing, and there- fore but a very little muſt be taken at a Time, 'There is alſo another Oil made by Infolation in this Manner: Take what Quantity you will of the Flowers, and put them into a trong Glaſs cloſe ftopped, tye a fine Linen-cloth over the The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 285 Dº the Mouth, and turn the Mouth down into another ſtrong Glaſs, which being ſet in the Sun, an Oil will diſtil down into the lower Glaſs, to be preſerved as precious for divers Uſes, both inward and outward, as a ſovereign Balm to heal the Diſeaſes before mentioned, to clear Dim-lights, and take away Spots, Marks, and Scars in the Skin. Rhubarb, or Raphontick. O not ſtart, and ſay, this grows you know not how far off; and then aſk me, How it comes to paſs that I bring it among our Engliſh Simples ? For though the Name may ſpeak it foreign, yet it grows with us in England and that frequent enough in our Gardens; and when you have thoroughly purſued its Virtues, you will conclude it nothing inferior to that which is brought out of China ; and by that Time this hath been as much uſed as that hath been, the Name which the other hath gotten will be eclipſed by the Fame of this; take therefore a Deſcription at large of it as followeth : Deſcript.) At the firſt appearing out of the Ground, when the Winter is paſt, it hath a great round browniſh Head, ri- fing from the Middle or Sides of the Root, which openeth itſelf into fundry Leaves one after another, very much crump- led or folded together at the firſt, and browniſh ; but after- wards it ſpreadeth itſelf, and becometh ſmooth, very large and almoſt round, every one ſtanding on a browniſh Stalk of the Thickneſs of a Man's Thumb, when they are grown to their Fulneſs, and moſt of them two Feet and more in Length, eſpecially when they grow in any moiſt or good Ground; and the talk of the Leaf, from the Bottom thereof to the Leaf itſelf, being alſo two Feet; the Breadth thereof from Edge to Edge, in the broadeſt Place, being alſo two Feet; of a ſad or dark green Colour, of a fine tart or fouriſh Taſte, much more pleaſant than the Garden or Wood Sorrel. From among theſe riſeth up fome, but not every Year, ſtrong thick Stalks, not growing ſo high as the Patience, or Garden Dock, with ſuch round Leaves as grow below, but ſmaller at every Joint up to the Top, and among the Flowers, which are white, ſpreading forth into many Branches, and conſiſting of five or fix ſmall Leaves a piece, hardly to be diſcerned from the white Threads in the middle, and ſeeming to be all Threads; after which come browniſh three ſquare Seeds,like unto other Docks, but larger, whereby it may be plainly known a N5 286 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . known to be a Dock. The Root grows in Time to be very great, with divers and fundry great ſpreading Branches from it, of a dark browniſh or reddim Colour on the Outſide, with a pale yellow Skin under it, which covereth the inner Sub- ftance or Root; which Rind and Skin being parted away, the Root appears of fo freſh and lively a Colour, with freſh co- loured Veins running through it, that the choiceſt of that Rhubarb that is brought us from beyond the Seas cannot ex- cel it; which Root, if it be dried carefully, and as it ought (which muſt be in our Country by the gentle Heat of a Fire, in regard the Sun is not hot enough here to do it, and every Piece kept from touching one another) will hold its Colour almoſt as well as when it is freſh, and hath been approved of, and commended by thoſe who have oftentimes uſed them. Place.] It groweth in Gardens, and flowereth about the beginning or middle of June, and the Seed is ripe in July. Time.] The Roots that are to be dried and kept all the Year following, are not to be taken up before the Stalk and Leaves be quite withered and gone, and that is not until the middle or end of O&tober; and if they be taken a little before the leaves do ſpring, or when they are ſprung up, the Roots will not have half ſo good a Colour in them. I have given the Precedence unto this, becauſe in Virtues alſo it hath the Pre-heminence; I come now to deſcribe unto you that which is called Patience, or Monk's Rhubarb; and next unto that, the great round leaved Dock, or BaſtardRhu- bard; for the one of theſe may happily ſupply in the Abſence of the other, being not much unlike in their Virtues, only one more powerful and efficacious than the other. And laft ly ſhall fhew you the Virtues of all the three Sorts. Garden-Patience, or Monk's Rhubard. T Defc ipt.] HIS is a Dock bearing the Name of Rhubarb for ſome purging Quality therein,andgroweth up with large tall Stalks, ſet with ſomewhat broad and long fair green Leaves, not dented at all. The Tops of the Stalks being divided into many ſmall Branches, bear red- difh or purpliſh Flowers, and three-ſquare Seed, like unto other Docks. The Root is long, great and yellow, Ike unto the Wild Docks, but a little redder; and if it be a little The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 287 little dried, ſheweth leſs Store of diſcoloured Veins than the next doth when it is dry, "T Great round leaved Dock, or Baſtard Rhubarb. Deſcript.] HIS hath divers large, round, thin, yellowiſh green Leaves rifing from the Root, a little waved about the Edges, every one ſtanding upon a reaſonable thick, and long browniſh Foot-ſtalk, from among which ri- feth up a pretty big Stalk, about two Feet high, with ſome, ſuch like Leaves growing thereon, but ſmaller ; at the Top whereof ſtand in a long Spike many ſmall browniſh Flowers, which turn into a hard three-ſquare ſhining brown Seed, like the Garden Patience before deſcribed. TheRoot groweth grea- ter than that, with many Branches of great Fibres thereat, yel- low on the outſide, and ſomewhat pale; yellow within, with fome diſcoloured Veins like to the Rhubarb which is firſt de- ſcribed, but much leſs than it, eſpecially when it is dry. Place and Time.) Theſe alſo grow in Gardens, and flower and feed at or near the ſame Time that our true Rhubarb doth, viz. they flower in June, and the Seed is ripe in July. Temperature and Virtues.] Mars claims Predominancy over all theſe wholeſome Herbs: You cry out upon him for an Infortunate, when God created him for your Good (only he is angry with Fools.) What Diſhonour is this, not to Mars, but to God himſelf? A Drachm of the dried Root of Monk's Rhubarb, with a Scruple of Ginger made into Powder, and taken faſting in a Draught or Meſs of warm Broth, purgeth Chcler and Phlegm downwards very gently and ſafely, PurgeCholer & Phlegm, without Danger. The Seed there- faylaſks & bloody Flux, of contrary doth bind the Belly, Scabs and ulcerous Sores, and helpeth to ſtay any Sort of running Sores. Laſks or Bloody-Flux. The diftil- led Water thereof is very profitably uſed to heal Scabs ; alſo foul ulcerous Sores, and to lay the Inflammation of them ; the Juice of the Leaves or Roots, or the Decoction of them in Vinegar is uſed as a moſt effectual Remedy to heal Scabs and running Sores. The Baſtard Rhubarb hath all the Properties of the Monk's Rhubarb, but more effectual for both inward and out- ward Diſeaſes. The Decoction thereof without Vinegar dropped 288 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Pains of the Ears, Tooth- dropped into the Ears, taketh ach, Jaundice, Pair of away the Pains ; gargled in the the Siomach, and Loath- Mouth, taketh away the Tooth- ing of Mect, King's ach, and being drank, healeth Evil , Stone, Urine, Dim the Jaundice. The Seed thereof Sight, Liver and Bloode taken eaſeth the gnawing and gri- ping Pains of the Stomach, and taketh away the loathing thereof unto Meat. The Root thereof helpeth the Ruggedneſs of the Nails, and being sboiled in Wine helpeth the Swelling of the Throat, com- monly called the King's-Evil; as alſo the Swellings of the Kernels of the Ears. It helpeth them that are troubled with the Stone; provoketh Urine, and helpeth the Dimneſs of the Sight. The Roots of this Baſtard Rhubarb are uſed in open- ing and purging Diet-drinks, with other Things, to open the Liver, and to cleanſe and cool the Blood. The Properties of that which is called the Engliſh Rhu- barb, are the ſame with the former, but much more ef- fecual, and hash all the Properties of the true Italian Rhubarbs, except the Force in Purging, wherein it is but of half the Strength thereof, and therefore a double Quantity muſt be uſed; it likewiſe hath not that Bitter- neſs and Aftri&tion; in other Things it worketh almoſt in an equal Quantity, which are Choler, Phlegm, Obftru- theſe. It purgeth the Body of Etions, Jaundice, Dropy, Choler and Phlegm, being either Spleen, Agues, Painsofthe taken of itſelf, made into Pow- Sides, Spitting of Blood, der, and drank in a Draught of running of Reins, Swel- White-wine, or fteeped therein lingoftbe Head, Sciatica, all Night, and taken fafting, or Gout, clotted Blood, put among other Purges, as ſhall Ulcers in the Eyes,orEye- be thought convenient, cleanſing lids, Swellings, and In- the Stomach, Liver, and Blood, flammations, Black and opening Obſtructions and help- blue Spots, Purge the Li- ing thoſe Griefs that come there- ver and Stomach. of; as the Jaundice, Dropſy, Swelling of the Spleen, Tertian and Daily Agues, and pricking Pains of the Sides; and alſo it ſtayeth Spitting of Blood. The Powder taken with Caſia diffolved, and waſhed Venice Turpentine, cleanſeth the Reins, and ſtrengtheneth them afterwards, and is very effectual to ſtay the Running of the Reins, or Gonor- rhea. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 289 rhea. It is alſo given for the Pains and Swellings in the Head, for thoſe that are troubled with Melancholy, and helpeth the Sciatica, the Gout, and the Cramp. The Powder of the Rhubarb taken with a little Mummia and Madder Roots in fome Red Wine diffolveth clotted Blood in the Body, happening by any Fall or Bruiſe, and healeth Burſtings and broken Parts, as well inward as outward. The Oil likewiſe wherein it hath been boiled, worketh the like Effects, being anointed. It is uſed to heal thoſe Ulcers that happen in the Eyes or Eyelids, being ſteeped and ſtrained; as alſo to affuage the Swellings and Inflammations; and applied with Honey, boiled in Wine, it taketh away all blue Spots or Marks that happen therein. Whey or White-wine are the beſt Liquors to ſteep it in, and thereby it worketh more effectually in opening Obſtructions, and purging the Stomach and Liver. Many do uſe a little Indian Spikenard as the beſt Corrector thereof. Meadow-Ruw. Deſcript.] Eadow-Rue riſeth up with a yellow ftringy M Root, much ſpreading in the Ground, ſhoot- ing forth new Sprouts round about, with many herby green Stalks two Feet high, creſted all the Length of them, fet with Joints here and there, and many large Leaves on them, above as well as below, being divided into ſmaller Leaves, nicked or dented in the Fore-part of them, of a Red-green Colour on the upper Side, and pale-green underneath : To- ward the Top of the Stalk there fhcoteth forth divers fhort Branches, on every one whereof ſtand two, three or four ſmall Heads, or Buttons, which breaketh the Skin that in. cloſeth them, ſhooteth forth a Tuft of a pale greeniſh yellow Thread, which falling away, there comes in their Places ſmall three cornered Cods, wherein is contained ſmall, long and round Seed. The whole Plant hath a ſtrong unpleaſant Scent. Place.] It groweth in many places of this Land, in the Borders of moift Meadows, and Ditch-fides. Time.] It flowereth about July, or the Beginning of Auguſt. Government and Virtues.] Dioſcorides faith, That this Herb bruiſed and applied, perfectly healeth old Sores, and the diftihed 290 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Old Sores, opens the diſtilled Water of the Herb and Body, Lice and Vermin, Flowers doth the like. It is uſed by Plague, Jaundice. fome among other Pot-herbs to open the Body, and make it ſoluble; but the Roots waſhed clean, and boiled in Ale and drank, pro. voke to ſtool more than the Leaves, but yet very gently. The Root boiled in Water, and the Places of the Body moſt troubled with Vermin and Lice waſhed therewith while it is warm, deſtroyeth them utterly. In Italy it is a ſed againſt the Plague, and in Saxony againſt the Jaundice, as Camerarius ſaith. Garden-Rue. - G Arden Rue is ſo well known by this Name, and the Name Herb of Grace, that I hall not need to write any further Deſcription of it, but ſhall only ſhew you the Virtue of it, as followeth. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of the Sun, and under Leo. It provoketh Urine and Womens Courſes, being taken either in Meat or Drink. The Seed thereof taken in Wine, is an Antidote againſt all dangerous Medicines or deadly Poiſons. The Leaves taken either by themſelves, or with Figs and Walnuts, is called Mithridates's Counter-poiſon againſt the Plague, and cauſeth all venomous Things to be- come harmleſs; being often taken Womens Courſes, Urine, in Meat and Drink, it abateth Poiſons, Plague, abate Venery, and deſtroyeth the Ability Venery, Puins in theChet to get Children. to get Children. A Decoction and Sides, Cough, Head, made thereof with ſome dried Dill- Breathing, Sciatica and Leaves and Flowers, eafeth all Foint aches . AguesWind- Pains and Torments, inwardly to Cholick, Mother Worms, be drank, and outwardly to be Gout, Drophy, Bleeding, applied warm to the Place grieved. Swelling of the Cods, The ſame being drank, helpeth the Wheals and Pimples, Pains both of the Cheft and Sides, Morphew and Warts, as alſo Coughs and Hardneſs of Scab, Tetters and Ring- Breathing, the Inflammations of worm, Pains of the Pains of the the Lungs, and the tormenting Ears, Dim Sight, St. Pains of the Sciatica, and the Joints Anthony's Fire, running being anointed, or laid to the Sores of the Head, Places; as alſo the ſhaking Fits of Ulcers of the Noſe, Anti-Agues, to take a Draught before thé The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 291 a a the Fit comes; being boiled or in- dote, Pains of the Cheſt, fuſed in Oil, it is good to help the Stomach, Speen, Belig. Wind-Cholick, the Hardneſs and Windineſs of the Mother, and freeth Women from the Strangling or Suffocation thereof, if the Share and the Parts thereabouts be anointed therewith : It killeth and driveth forth the Worms of the Belly, if it be drank after it is boiled in Wine to the half, with a little Honey; it helpeth the Gout or Pains in the Joints, Hands, Feet or Knees, applied thereunto; and with Figs it helpeth the Dropſy, being bathed therewith: Being bruiſed and put into the Noftrils, it ſtayeth the bleeding' thereof; it helpeth the Swelling of the Cods, if they be bathed with a Decoction of Rue and Bay-Leaves. It taketh away Whea's and Pimples, if being bruiſed with a few Myrtle- Leaves, it be made up with Wax, and applied. It cureth the Morphew, and taketh away all Sorts of Warts, if boiled in Wine with ſome Pepper and Nitre, and the Place rubbed therewith, and with Alom and Honey, helpeth the dry Scabs, or any Tetter or Ring-worm. The Juice thereof warmed in a Pomegranate Shell or Rhind, and dropped into the Ears, helpeth the Pains of them. The Juice of it and Fennel, with a little Honey, and the Gall of a Cock put thereunto, helpeth the Dimneſs of the Eye-fight. An Ointment made of the Juice thereof with Oil of Roſes, Ceruſe, and a little Vinegar, and anointed, cureth St. Anthony's Fire, and all run- ning sores in the Head ; and the ſtinking Ulcers of the Noſe, or other Parts. The Antidote uſed by Mithridates, every Morning fafting, to ſecure himſelf from any Poiſon or In- fection, was this: Take twenty Leaves of Rue, a little Salt, a Couple of Walnuts, and a couple of Figs, beaten together into a Meſs, with twenty Juniper Berries, which is the Quantity appointed for every Day. Another Electuary is made thus: Take of Nitre, Pepper, and Cummin-ſeed, of each equal Parts; of the Leaves of Rue clean picked, as much in Weight as all the other three weighed; beat them well together, and put as much Honey as will make it up into an Electuary (but you muſt firſt ſteep your Cummin-ſeed in Vinegar twenty- four Hours, and then dry it, or rather roaſt it in a hot Fire- ſhovel, or in an Oven) and is a Remedy for the Pains or Griefs in the Cheft or Stomach; of the Spleen, Belly, or Sides, by 3 a 292 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Obſtruktions by Wind or Stitches; of the Liver by Ob- ſtructions ; of the Reins and Bladder by the ſtopping of Urine; and helpeth alſo to extenuate fat corpulent Bodies. What an Infamy is caft upon the Aſhes of Mithri. dates, or Methridates (as the Augiſtins read his Name) by unworthy People. They that deſerve no good Report them- felves, love to give none to others, viz. That renowned King of Pontus fortified his Body by Poiſon againſt Poiſon. (He caſt out Devils by Belzebub, Prince of the Devils.) What a Sot is he that knows not if he had accuſtomed his Body to cold Poiſons, hot Poiſons would have diſpatched him? on the contrary, if not, Corroſions would have done it. Thewhole World is at this preſent Time beholden to him for his Studies in Phyfick, and he that uſeth the Quantity but of an Hazel- Nut of that Receipt every Morning, to which his Name is ad- joined, ſhall to Admiration preſerve his Body in Health, if he do but conſider that Rue is an Herb of the Sun, and un- der Leo, and gather it and the reſt accordingly. 1 IT a Rupture-wort. Deſcript.] His ſpreads very many thready Branches round about upon the Ground, about a Span long, divided into many other ſmaller Parts full of ſmall Joints ſet very thick together, whereat come forth two very ſmall Leaves of a French yellow, green-coloured Branches and all, where groweth forth alſo a Number of exceeding ſmall yellowiſh Flowers, ſcarce to be diſcerned from the Stalks and Leaves, which turn into Seeds as ſmall as the very Duft. The Root is very long and fmail, thruſting down deep into the Ground. This hath neither Smell nor Taſte at firſt, but af. terwards hath a little aftringent Tafte, without any manifeſt Heat, yet a little bitter and ſharp withal. Place.] It groweth in dry, fandy and rocky Places. - ] Time. It is freſh and green all the Summer. Government and Virtues.] They ſay Saturn cauſes Rup- tures; if he do, he doth no more than he can cure; if you want Wit, he will teach you, tho'to your Coſt. This Herb is Saturn's own, and is a noble Antivenerean. Rupture-wort hath not its Name in vain; for it is found by Ruptures. Experience to cure the Roptare, not only in Children but alſo in elder Perſons, if the Dif- eaſe The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 293 eaſe be not too inveterate, by taking a Dram of the Powder of the dried Herb every day in Wine, for certain Days to- gether. Or the Decoction made of the Wine and drank. Or the Juice or diſtilled Water of the green Herb, taken in the ſame Manner, and helpeth all other Fluxes either of Man or Woman; Fluxes, Running of the Vomitings alſo, and the Gonor- Reins, Strangury, Stone rhea or Running of the Reins, or Gravel, Stitches, being taken any of the. Ways Yellow Jaundice,Worms, aforeſaid. It doth alſo moft Wounds, Defluxions, foul affuredly help thoſe that have the Ulcers. Strangury, or have their Urine ftopped, or are troubled with the Stone or Gravel in the Reins or Bladder. The ſame alſo helpeth much all Stitches in the Sides, all griping Pains of the Stomach or Belly, the Ob- ſtructions of the Liver, and cureth the Yellow Jaundice; likewiſe it kills alſo the Worms in Children. Being outwardly applied, it conglutinateth Wounds notably, and helpeth much to ſtay Defluxions of Rheum from the Head to the Eyes, Noſe and Teeth, being bruiſed green, and bound thereto. Or the Decoction of the dried Herb, to bathe the Forehead, or Temples, or the Nape of the Neck behind. It alſo drieth *p the Moiſture of fiſtulous Ulcers, or any other that are foul and ſpreading. Ruſhes. A Lthough there are many Kinds of Ruſhes, yet I ſhall only here infiſt upon thoſe which are beſt known, and most medicinal; as the Bulruſhes, and other of the ſoft and ſmooth Kinds, which grow ſo commonly in almoſt every part of this Land, and are fo generally noted, that I ſuppoſe it needleſs to trouble you with any Deſcription of them: Briefiy then take the Virtues of them as followeth. Government and Virtues.] The Seed of the ſoft Ruſhes, faith Diofcorides and Galen, (toaſted, faith Pliny) being drank in Wine and Water, ſtayeth the Lalk and Womens Courſes, when they come down too abundantly; but it cauſeth Head- ach: It provoketh Sleep likewiſe, but muſt be given with Caution. The Root boiled in Water, to the Conſumption of one Third, helpeth the Cough. Thus 294 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. Thus you ſee thatConveniencies have their Inconveniencies, and Virtue is ſeldom unaccompanied with ſome Vices. What I have written concerning Ruhes, is to ſatisfy my Country- mens Queſtions ; Are our Ruſhes good for nothing ? Yes, and as good let them alone as taken. There are Remedies enough without them for any Diſeaſe, and therefore as the Proverb is, I care not a Ruſh for them; or rather, they will do you as much good as if one had given you a Ruſs, Rye. TH HIS is ſo well known in all the Counties of this Land, and eſpecially to the Country People, who feed much thereon, that if I did deſcribe it, they would preſently ſay, I might as well have ſpared that labour. Its Virtues follow. Government and Virtues.] Rye is more digeſting than Wheat; the Bread and the Leaven thereof ripeneth and breaketh Impofthumes, Boils, and Impoſthumes, Boils, and other Swellings: The Meal of Rye Swellings, Pains of the put between a double Cloth, and Head, Chops of the Hands moiſtened with a little Vinegar, and heated in a Pewter Diſh, ſet over a Chafing diſh of Coals, and bound faſt to the Head while it is hot, doth much eaſe the continual Pains of the Head. Matthiolus faith, That the Aſhes of Rye-ftraw put into Water, and ſteeped therein a Day and a Night, and the Chops of the Hands or Feet waſhed therewith, doth heal them. or Feet. Saffron. T HE Herb needs no Deſcription, it being known gene- rally where it grows. Place.] It grows frequently at Walden in Eſex, and in Cambridgeſhire. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of the Sun, and under the Lion, and therefore you need not demand a Reaſon Heart ſtrengthens, Brain, why it ſtrengthens the Heart fo Conſumption of the Luns, Grains be given at one time, for exceedingly. Let not above ten Peſtilence, or Small-Pox, the Sun, which is the Fountain of Light, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 295 Light, may dazzel the Eyes and Meaſles,Yellow- Jaundices make them blind; a Cordial be- Phlegm purgeth. ing taken in animmoderate Quan- tity, hurt the Heart inſtead of helping it. It quickeneth the Brain, for the Sun is exalted in Aries, as well as he hath his Houſe in Leo: It helps Conſumption of the Lungs, and Difi- culty of breathing : It is excellent in Epidemical Diſeaſes, as Peſtilence, Small-pox, and Meaſles. It is a notable expulſive Medicine, and a notable Remedy for the Yellow-Jaundice. My Opinion is, (but I have no Author for it) that Hermo- dactyls are nothing elſe but the Roots of Saffron dried; and my Reaſon is, that the Roots of all Crocus, both white and yellow, purge Phlegm as Hermodactyls do; and if you pleaſe to dry the Roots of any Crocus, neither your Eyes nor your Tante fhall diſtinguish them from Hermodactyls. Sage. O UR ordinary Garden Sage needeth no Deſcription. Time.] It flowereth in or about July. Government and Virtues.] Jupiter claims this, and bids me tell you, it is good for the Liver, and to breed Blood. A Decoction of the Leaves and Branches of Sage made and drank, faith Diofcorides, provoketh Urine, bringeth down Womens Provoke Urine, Womens Courſes, helps to expel the dead Courſes, expels the dead Child, and cauſeth the Hair to Child, and After-birth, become black. It ſtayeth the bleed. Head and Joints, ſtanch ing of Wounds, and cleanſeth foul Bleeding, cleanſe Ulcers Ulcers or Sores. The ſaid De- and Sores, Itching of the coction madein Wine, taketh away Cods, help Conception, the Itching of the Cods, if they be and hinder Miſcarriage, bathed therewith. Agrippa faith, ſpitting Blood, Conſump- that if Women that cannot conceive tions, Pains of the Head, by reaſon of the moiſt Slipperineſs Falling ſickneſs, Lethargy of their Wombs, falltake a Quan- Dulneſs of Spirit, Paljy, tity of the Juice of Sage, with a Defluxions of Rheum, Im- little Salt, for four Days before poſthume behind the Ears, they company with their Huſbands, Hoarſeneſs and Cough, it will help them not only to con- Bloody-flux, biting of ceive, but alſo to retain the Birth Serpents, Worms in the "Witkout mifcarrying Orpheus Ears,or Sores, quicken the faith, 296 The English Phyſician Enlarged. a a Senſes, help Memory, fore faith, Three Spoonfuls of the Juice Mouths, and Throats, of Sage taken faſting, with a little Cankers, Palfies, Cramp, Honey, doth preſently ſtay the Stitch in the Side. {pitting or caſting of Blood of them that are in a Conſumption. Theſe Pills are much commended: Take of Spikenard, Ginger, of each two Drachms; of the Seed of Sage toaſted at the Fire, eight Drams; of Long-pepper 12 Drams; all theſe being brought into Powder, put thereto ſo much Juice of • Sage as may make them into a Maſs of Pills, taking a Dram of them every Morning fafting, and ſo fikewiſe at Night, drinking a little pure Water after them. Matthiolus faith, it is very profitable for all manner of Pains in the Head coming of Cold and Rheumatick Humours; as alſo for all Pains of the Joints, whether inwardly or outwardly, and therefore helpeth the Falling-ſickneſs, the Lethargy, ſuch as are dull and heavy of Spirit, the Palſy; and is of much Uſe in all Defluxions of Rheum from the Head, and for the Diſeaſes of the Cheft or Breaft. The Leaves of Sage and Nettles bruiſed together, and laid upon the Impoſthume that riſeth behind the Ears, doth aſſuage it much. The Juice of Sage taken in warm Water, helpeth a Hoarſeneſs and a Couga. The Leaves foddened in Wine, and laid upon the Place af- fected with the Palfy, helpeth much, if the Decoction be drank: Alſo Sage taken with Wormwood is good for the Bloody-Flux. Pliny faith, it procures Womens Courſes, and ſtayeth them coming down too faſt; helpeth the flinging and biting of Serpents, and killeth the Worms that breed in the Ear and in Sores. Sage is of excellent uſe to help the Me- mory, warming and quickening the Senſes; and the Con- ſerve made of the Flowers is uſed to the fame Purpoſe, and alſo for all the former recited Diſeaſes. The Juice of Sage drank with Vinegar, hath been of good Uſe in Time of the Plague at all Times. Gargles likewiſe are made with Sage, Roſemary, Honey-fuckles, and Plantane, boiled in Wine or Water, with ſome Honey or Allum put thereto, to waſh fore Mouths and Throats, Cankers, or the ſecret Part of Man or Woman, as need requireth. And with other hot and comfortable Herbs, Sage is boiled to bathe the Body and the Legs in the Summer Time, eſpecially to warm cold Joints or Sinews, troubled with the Pally and Cramp, and to comfort The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 297 comfort and ſtrengthen the Parts. It is much commended againſt the Stitch, or Pains in the Side coming of Wind, it the Place be fomented warm with the Decoction thereof in Wine, and the Heb alſo after boiling be laid warm there- anto, "WS a Wood-Sage. Deſcript.] TOOD-SAGE riſeth up with fquare hoary Stalks, two Feet high at the leaſt, with two Leaves ſet at every Joint, ſomewhat like other Sage-leaves, but ſmaller, fofter, whiter, and rounder, and a little dented about the Edges, and ſmelling ſomewhat ſtronger. At the Tops of the Stalks and Branches ſtand the Flowers, on a flen- der like Spike, turning themſelves all one Way when they blow, and are of a pale and whitiſh Colour, ſmaller than Sage, but hooded and gaping like unto them. The Seed is blackiſh and round; four uſually ſeem in a Huſk together; the Root is long and ſtringy, with divers Fibres thereat, and abideth many Years. Place.] It groweth in Woods, and by Wood-fides; as alſo in divers Fields and By-lanes in the Land. Time.] It flowereth in June, July and Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The Herb is under Venus. The Decoction of the Wood-Sage pro- voketh Urine and Womens Cour- Provokes Urine and Wo- ſes: It alſo provoketh Sweat, di- mens Courſes,ſweat,ſwel. gefteth Humours, and difcuffethlings in the Fleſh, French Swellings and Nodes in the Fleſh, Pox, Vein borken, Burſt- and is therefore thought to be good enneſs, Palſy, Ulcers and againſt the French-Pox. The De- Sores, green Wounds. coction of the green Herb, made with Wine, is a ſafe and ſure Remedy for thoſe who, by Falls, Bruiſes, or Blows, fufpect ſome Vein to be inwardly broken, to diſperſe and void the congealed Blood, and to conſolidate the Veins. It is alſo good for ſuch as are inwardly or out- wardly buriten, the Drink ufed inwardly, and the Herb uſed outwardly. The fame uſed in the ſame Manner, is found to be a fure Remedy for the Palfy. The Juice of the Herb, or the Powder thereof dried, is good for moiſt Ulcers and Sores in the Legs, and other Parts, to dry them, and cauſe them to heal more ſpeedily. It is no leſs effectual alſo in green Wounds, to be uſed upon any Occaſion. So а 298 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Solomon's Seal. Defcript.) T round HE common Solomon's Seal riſeth up with a round Stalk half a Yard high, bowing or bend- ing down to the Ground, ſet with ſingle Leaves one above an- other, ſomewhat large, and like the Leaves of the Lily-Con- vally, or May-Lily, with an Eye of blueilh upon the Green, with ſome Ribs therein, and more yellowiſh underneath. At the foot of every Leaf, almoſt from the Bottom up to the Top of the Stalk, come forth ſmall, long, white and hollow pen- dulous Flowers, ſomewhat like the Flowers of May-Lily, but ending in five long Points, for the moſt Part two together, at the End of a long Foot-ſtalk, and ſometimes but one, and ſometimes alſo two Stalks, with Flowers at the Foot of a Leaf, which are without any Scent at all, and ſtand on one Side of the Stalk. After they are paſt, come in their Places ſmall round. Berries, great at the firſt, and blackiſh green, tending to Blue- „neſs when they are ripe, wherein lie ſmall, white, hard, and ftony Seeds. The Root is of the Thickneſs of one's Finger or Thumb, white and knotted in ſome Places, a flat round Circle repreſenting a Seal, whereof it took the Name, lying along under the upper Cruft of the Earth, and not growing down- ward, but with many fibres underneath. Place.] It is frequent in divers Places of this Land; as, namely, in a Wood two Miles from Canterbury, by Fifh-Pool Hill, as alſo in Buſby Cloſe belonging to the Parſonage of Al- derbury, hear Clarendon, two Miles from Salibury; in Cheſjon Wood, on Chelon Hill, between Newington and Stittingbourne in Kent, and divers other Places in Edex, and other Counties. Time.] It flowereth about May: The Root abideth and ſhooteth anew every Year. Government and Virtues.] Saturn owns the Plant for he loves his Bones well. The Root of som Wounds and Sores, Vomit- lomon's Seal is found by Experi- ing and Bleeding, Fluxes, ence to be available in Wounds, Runningofthe Reins, Knit Hurts, and outward Sores, to heal Joints, and broken Bones and cloſe up the Lips of thoſe that in Man and Beaſt, Rup- are green, and to dry up and re- tures, Bruiles and Falls, ftrain the Flux of Humours to thoſe Black and blue Marks, that are old. It is fingularly good Beautify the Fece. to stay Vomitings and Bleeding where- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 299 wherefoever, as alſo all Fluxes in Man or Woman, whether Whites or Reds in Women, or the Running of the Reins in Men; alſo to knit any Joint, which by Weakneſs uſeth to be often out of Place, or will not ſtay in long when it is ſet; alſo to knit and join broken Bones in any part of the Body, the Roots being bruiſed and applied to the Places; yea, it hath been found by late Experience, that the Decoction of the Root in Wine, or the bruiſed Root put into Wine or other Drink, and after a Night's Infufion, ftrained forth hard and drank, hath helped both Man and Beait, whoſe Bones had been broken by any Occaſion, which is the moſt aſſured Refuge of Help to People of divers Counties of the Land that they can have: it is no leſs effectual to help Ruptures and Burſtings, the Decoction in Wine, or the Powder in Broth or Drink, being inwardly taken, and outwardly ap- plied to the Place. The ſame is alſo available for inward or outward Bruiſes, Falls, or Blows, both to diſpel the con- gealed Blood, and to take away both the Pains and the black and blue Marks that abide after the Hurt. The faine alſo, or the diſtilled Water of the whole Plant, uſed to the Face, or other Parts of the Skin, cleanſeth it from Morphew, Freckles, Spots, or Marks whatſoever, leaving the Place freſh, fair, and lovely; for which Purpoſe it is much uſed by the Italian Dames. Samphire. Defeript.) R green Seak abou? half a Yard, or two Feet ] OC K a high at the moſt, branching forth almoſt from the very Bot- tom, and flored with fundry thick and almoſt round (ſome- what long) Leaves, of a deep green Colour, ſometimes two together, and ſometimes more on a Stalk, and fappy, and of a pleaſant, hot, and ſpicy Talte. At the'Top of the Stalks and Branches ftand Umbles of white Flowers, and after them come large Seed bigger than Fennel-feed, yet ſomewhat like it. The Root is great, white, and long, continuing many Years, and is of an hot ſpicy Taſte likewiſe. Place.) It groweth on the Rocks that are often moiſtened at the leaft, if not overflowed with the Sea Water. Time.] 300 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Time.] And it flowereth and ſeedeth in the End of July and Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Jupiter, and was in former Times wont to be uſed more than now it is; the more is the Pity. It is well known Helps Digeſtion, opens Ob-almoſt to every body, that ill Di- ftructions, provokes Urine, geſtions and Obſtructions are the expels Gravel and the Cauſe of moſt of the Diſeaſes Seone. which the frail Nature of Man is ſubjects to; both which might be remedied by a more frequent Uſe of this Herb. If People would have Sauce to their Meat, they may take ſome for Profit as well as for Pleaſure. It is a ſafe Herb, very plea- fant both to Tafte and Stomach, helping Digeſtion, and in ſome ſort opening Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen; provoketh Urine, and helpeth thereby to waſh away the Gra- vel and Stone engendered in the Kidneys or Bladder. a Sanicle. Defeript.) round" Leaves, ftanding upon long brownie Rdinary Sanicle ſendeth forth many great Stalkts, every one ſomewhat deeply cut or divided into five or fix Parts, and ſome of theſe alſo cut in ſomewhat like the Leaf of Crow's-foot, or Dove's-foot and finely dented about the Edges, ſmooth, and of a dark ſhining Colour, and ſome- times reddiſh about the Brims; from among which ariſe up ; ſmall, round green Stalks, without any Joint or Leaf thereon, ſaving at the Top, where it branches forth into Flowers, ha- ving a Leafdivided into three or four Parts at that Joint with the Flowers, which are ſmall and white, ſtarting out of ſmall round greeniſh yellow Heads, many ſtanding together in a Tuft, in which afterwards are the Seeds contained, which are ſmall round Burs, ſomewhat like the Leaves of Clevers, and ſtick in the fame Manner upon any thing that they touch. The Root is compoſed of many blackiſh Strings or Fibres, ſet together at a little long Head, which abideth with green Leaves all the Winter, and periſheth not. Place.] It is found in many ſhadowy Woods, and other Places of this Land. Time.] It flowereth in June, and the Seed is ripe ſhortly after Govern- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 301 Government and Virtues.] This is one of Venus's Herbs, to aure either Wounds, or what other Miſchief Mars inflicteth upon the Body of Man. It is exceeding good to heal all green Wounds ſpeedily, or any Ulcers, Impoſthumes, or Bleedings inward- GreenWoundsUlcers,Im- ly, It doth wonderfully help poſthumes, inwardBleed- thoſe that have any Tumours in ing's, Swellings, Ulcersin any Part of their Bodies; for it re- the Mouth, Throat, and preſſeth and diſſipateth the Hu. P.ivities Womens Courſes mours, if the Decoction or Juice Fluxes of Blood, LaksŮl.:/ thereof be taken, or the Power in eers in the Kidney's, Run- Drink, and the Juice uſed outward- ning of Reins, Ruptures, ly; for there is not found any Herb that can give ſuch preſent Help either to Man or Beaſt, when the Diſeaſe falleth upon the Lungs or Throat, and to heal UP putrid malignantUlcers in the Mouth, ThroatandPrivities, by gargling or waſhing with the Decoction of the Leares and Root made in Water, and a little Huney put thereto. It helpeth to ftay Womens Courſes, and all other Fluxes of Blood, either by the Mouth, Urine, or Stool, and Lalks of the Belly; the Ulcerations of the Kidneys alſo, and the Pains in the Bowels, and Gonorrhæa, or Running of the Reins, being boiled in Wine or Water, and drank. The ſame alfo is no leſs.power- ful to help any Ruptures or Burſtings, uſed both inwardly and outwardly: And briefly, it is as effectual in binding, reſtraining, conſolidating, heating, drying, and healing, as Comfrey, Bugle, Self-heal, or any other of the Confounds or Vulnerary Herbs whatſoever. Saracens Confound, or Saracens Woundwort. HIS groweth high ſometimes withbrowniſ Deſcript.} Stalks, andother whiles with green, and hol- low to a Man's Height,having narrow green Leaves ſnippeia- bout the Edges, ſomewhat like thoſe of the Peach-tree, or Wil. low Leaves, but not of ſuch a white-greenColour. TheTops of the Stalks are furniſhed with many yellow ſtar-like Flowers, ſtanding in green Heads, which when they are fallen and the Seed ripe, which is fomewhat long, ſmall, and of a brown Co- lour, wrapped in Down, is therewi : Icarried away with the Wind. The Root is compoſed of Fibres ſet together at a Head, which periſheth notin Winter,altho' the Stalks dry away, and nol eaf appeareth in the Winter. The Tafte hereof is itrong and unpleaſant; and fo is the Smell alſo, Pire 302 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Place.] It groweth in moiſt and wet Grounds, by Wood- fides, and ſometimes in the moiſt Places of ſhady Groves, as alſo by the Water-ſide. Time.] It flowereth in July, and the Seed is ſoon ripe, and carried away with the Wind. Government and' Virtues.] Saturn owns the Herb, and it is of a ſober Condition, like him. Among the Germans, this WoundHerbis prefered before all others of the ſameQuality. Being boiled in Wine, and drank, it helpeth the Indiſpoſition of the Liver, and freeth the Gall Obſtructions,Yellow Jaun- from Obftructions ; whereby it is dice, Dropſy, Ulcers of the good for the Yellow Jaundice, and Reins, inward W cunds, for the Dropſyin the Beginning of Bruiſes,Pains in the Body, it; for all inward Ulcers of the Mother, Agues, green Reirs, or elſewhere, and inward Wounds, Sores, of Ulcers, Wounds and Bruiſes: And being Ulcers in the Mouth or ſteeped in Wine, and then diſtilled, Throat, Sores in the Privy the Water thereof drank is fingu- Parts, larly good to eaſe all Gnawings in the Stomach, or other Pains of the Body, as alſo the Pains of the Mother: And being boiled in Water, it helpeth continual Agues; and the ſaid Water,or the fimple Water of the Herb diſtilled, or the Juice or Decoction, are very effectual to heal any green Wound, or old Sore or Ul- cer whatſoever, cleanſing them from Corruption, and quick- ly healing them up. It is no leſs effectual for the Ulcers in the Mouth or Throat, be they never ſo foul or ſtinking, by waſhing or gargling them therewith; and likewife for ſuch Sores as happen in the Privy Parts of Men or Women: Briefly, whatſoever hath been ſaid of Bugle or Sanicle, may be found herein. Sawce alone, or Jack by the Hedge-Side. 'HE lower Leaves of this are rounderthan thoſe that grow towards the Tops of the Stalks, and are ſet fingly on a Joint, being ſomewhat round and broad, pointed at the Ends, dented alſo about the Edges, ſomewhat re- ſembling Nettle-leaves for the Form,but of a freſher green Co- lour,not rough or pricking: The Flowers are white, growing at the Top of the Stalks one above another, which being paft, follow iniall long round Pods, wherein are contained round Seed ſomewhat blackiſh. The Root ftringy and thready periſheth Deſcript.] The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 303 periſheth every Year after it hath given Seed, and raiſeth it- ſelf again of its own fowing. The Plant, or any Part thereo being bruiſed, fmelleth of Garlick, but more pleaſantly, and taſteth ſomewhat hot and ſharp, almoſt like unto Rocket, Place.] It groweth under Walls, and by Hedge-fides, and Path-ways in Fields in many Places. Time. It flowereth in June, July, and Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mercury. This is eaten by many Country People as Sauce to their Salt Fiſh, and helpeth well to digeſt the Crudities and other corrupt Humours engendered thereby : Itwarmeth alſo the Stomach, and cauſeth Digeftion: The Juice thereof boiled with Honey, is ac- Helps Digeſtion, Cough, , counted to be as good as Hedge toughPhlegm,Wind Cho- Muſtard for the Cough, to cut and lick, Stones, Ulcers in the expectorate the tough Phlegm. Legs, The Seed bruiſed and boiled in Wine is a ſingularly good Remedy for the Wind Cholick, or the Stone, being drank warm : It is alſo given to Women troubled with the Mother, both to drink, and the Seed put into a Cloth, and applied while it is warm, is of ſingular good Uſe. The Leaves alſo, or the Seed boiled, is good to be uſed in Clyfters to eaſe the Pains of the Stone. The green Leaves are held to be good to heal the Ulcers in the Legs. Winter and Summer Savory. BC OTH theſe are ſo well known (being entertained as conſtant Inhabitants in our Gardens) that they need no Deſcription. Government and Virtues.] Mercury claims the Dominion over this Herb, neither is there a better Remedy againſt the Cholick and Iliac Paſſion, than this Herb; keep it dry by you all Cholic, Iliac Paſſion,expel- the Year, if you love yourſelf and leth Wind, Mother, pro- yourEaſe,and is a hundred Pound vokes Urine and Womens to a Penny if you do not ; keep it Corirſes,toughPhlegm, Le- dry, make.Conſerves and Syrups thargy,dull Sight, ſinging of it for your Uſe; and withal, in the Ears and Deafneſs, take notice that the Summer Kind Sciatica and Palfy, ſting- is the beſt. They are both of them ing of Bees, &c. 02 he 304 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. hot and dry, eſpecially the Summer Kind, which is both ſharp and quick in Tafte, expelling Wind in the Stomach and Bowels, and is a preſent Help for the Riſing of the Mother procured by Wind ; provoketh Urine and Womens Courſes, and is much commended for Women with Child to take in- wardly, and to ſmell often unto. It cureth tough Phlegm in the Cheſt and Lungs, and helpeth to expectorate it the more eaſily; quickens the dull Spirits in the Lethargy, the Juice thereof being ſnuffed, or caſt up into the Noſtrils. The Juice dropped into the Eyes, cleareth a dull Sight, if it proceed of thin cold Humours diſtilled from the Brain. The Juice heated with Oil of Roſes, and dropped into the Ears, eaſeth them of the Noiſe and Singing in them, and of Deafneſs alſo: Outwardly applied with Wheat Flour, in manner of a Poul- tice, it giveth Eaſe to the Sciatica and Palſied Members, heating and warming them; and taketh away their Pains. It alſo taketh away the Pain that comes by ſtinging of Bees Waſps, &c. Savine. T. T nurſed o deſcribe a Plant ſo well known is needleſs, it being up almoft in everyGa den,and abiding green all the Winter. Government and Virtuese] It is under the Dominion of Mars, being hot and dry in the third Degree, and being of exceeding clean Parts, is of a very digeſting Quality. If you dry the Herb into Powder and Ulcers cleanſeth, Fiftulas, mix it with Honey, it is an excel- Carbnncles, Plague Sores, lent Remedy to cleanſe old filthy King's Evil,Worm, Scabs, Ulcers and Fiſtulas; but it hin- Itch, Running Sores, Can. ders them from healing. The ſame kers,Tetters, Ringworms, is excellent good to break Carbun- Venereal Sores. cles and Plague-fores; alſo help- eth the King's Evil, being applied to the Place. Being ſpread over a Piece of Leather, and applied to the Navel, kills the Worms in the Belly, helps Scabs and Itch, Running-fores, Cankers, Tetters, and Ring- worms; and being applied to the Place, may haply cure Venereal Sores. This I thought good to ſpeak of, as it may be ſafely uſed outwardly; for inwardly it cannot be taken without manifeft Danger. The The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 305 Defeript.) Te The common White Saxifrage. HIS hath a few ſmall reddiſh Kernels of Roots а IT ] 1 covered with ſome Skins, lying among divers ſmall blackiſh Fibres, which fend forth divers round, faint or yellow green Leaves, and greyiſh underneath, lying above the Ground, unevenlydented about theEdges, and ſomewhat hairy, everyone upon a littleFoot-ſtalk; from whence riſeth up round, browniſh,hairy,green Stalks, two or three Feet high, with a few ſuch like round Leaves as grow below, but ſmaller, and ſome- what branched at the Top, whereon ſtand pretty large white Flowers of five Leaves a-piece, with ſome yellow Threads in the middle, ſtanding in a long creſted, browniſh, green Huſk. After the Flowers are paſt, thereariſeth ſometimes a round hard Head, forked at the Top,whereiniscontained ſmall black Seed, but uſually they fall away without any Seed; and it is the Ker- nels or Grains of the Root which are uſually called the White Saxifrage Seed, and ſo uſed. Place.] It groweth in many places of our Land, as well in the lowermoſt, as in the upper dry Corners of Meadows, and graffy fandy Places. It uſed to grow near Lamb's Con- dait, on the Backſide of Gray's-Inn. Tim..] It flowereth in May, and then gathered, as well for tiat which is called the Seed, as to diſtil, for it quickly per riſheth down to the Groundwhen any hot Weather comes. Government and Virtues.] It is very effe&tual to cleanſe the Reins and Bladder, and to diffolve the Stone engenderedia them, and to expel it and the Gra- vel by Urine; to provoke Urine, Cleanſeth Reins, Stone, being ſtopped, and to help the Gravel, provokes Urine, Strangury: for which Purpoſe the Womens Courſes, tough Decoétion of the Herb or Roots Phlegm. in White Wine, is moſt uſual, or the Pewder of the ſmall kernelly Root, which is called the Seed, taken in White Wine, or in the fame Decoction made with White Wine, is moſt uſual. The diſtilled Water of the whole Herb, Root and Flowers, is moſt familiar to be taken. It provoketh alſo Womens Courſes, and freeth and cleanſeth the Stomach and Lungs from thick and rough Phlegm that trouble them. There are not many better Medicines to break the Stone than this. Burnet 306 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Burnet Saxifrage. 1T a Defcript.] HE greater fort of our Engliſh Burnet Saxifrage groweth up with divers long Stalks of winged Leaves, fet directly oppoſite one to another on both Sides,each being ſomewhat broad, and a little pointed and dented about the Edges, of a fad green Colour. At the Top of the Stalks Stand Ümbels of white Flowers ; after which come ſmall and blackiſh Seed. The Root is long and whitiſh, abiding long. Our lefſer Burnet Saxifrage hath much finer Leaves than the former, and very ſmall, and fet one againſt another, deeply jagged about the Edges, and of the fame Colour as the former. The Umbels of the Flowers are white, and the Seed very ſmall, and fo is the Root, being alſo ſomewhat hot and quick in Tafte. Place.] Theſe grow in moiit Meadows of this Land, and are eafy to be found, being well fought for among the Graſs, wherein many Times they lie hid ſcarcely to be difcerned. Time.] They flower about Yuly, and their Seed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] They are both of them Herbs of the Moon. The Saxifrages are as hot as Pepper; and Tragus faith, by his Experience, that they Prevoke Urize, eaſeWind are wholeſome. They have the and Cholick, Mother, 1o. fame Properties the Parſleys have, mens Cturles, Stone, tough but in provoking Urine, ar.d eaſing Phlegm, Venom, Cramps the Pains thereof, and of the Wind and Cmvulſions, Wounds and Cholick, are much more ef- in the Head. fe&tual, the Roots or Seed being uſed either in Powder, or in De- coction, or any other way; and I kewiſe helpeth the windy Pains of the Mother, and to procure their Courſe's, and to break and void the Stone in the Kidneys, to digeſt cold, viſcous, and tough Phlegm in the Stomach, and is an eſpecial Remedy againſt all kind of Venom. Caftoreum being boiled in the diſtilled Water thereof is fingular good to be given to thoſe that are troubled with Cramps and Convulfions. "Some do uſe to make the Seeds into Comfits (as they do Carraway Seeds) which is effectual to all the Purpoſes afore- faid. The Juice of the Herb dropped into the moſt griev- ous Wounds of the Head drieth up their Moiſture, and healeth The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . 307 healeth them quickly. Some Women uſe the diſtilled Wa- ter to take away Freckles, or Spots in the skin or Face; and to drink the ſame ſweetened with Sugar for all the Purpoſes aforeſaid. .) CS Scabious, three Sorts. Defcript.] OmmonFieldScabious groweth up with many hairy, ſoft, whitiſh green Leaves, ſome where- , of are very little, if at all jagged on the Edges, others very much rent and torn on the Sides, and have Threads in them, which upon breaking maybe plainly ſeen; from among which riſe ир divers hairy green Stalks, three or four Feet high, with ſuch like hairy green Leaves on them, but more deeply and finely divided; branched forth a little: At the Tops thereof, which are naked and bare of Leaves for a good Space, ftani round Heals of Flowers, of a pale blueiſh Colour, ſet toge- ther in a Head, the outermoft whereof are larger than the inward, with many Threads alſo in the middle, ſomewhat flat at the Top, as the Head with Seed is likewiſe; the Root is great, white and thick, growing down deep into the Ground, and abideth many years. There is another Sort of Field Scabicus dicerent in no- thing from the former, butonly it is imaller in all Refpe&ts. The Corn Scabious differethlitde from the first, but that it is greater in all Reſpects, and the Flowers more inclining to Purple; and the Root creepeth under the upper Cruft of the Earth, and runneth nct deep into the Ground as the firſt doth. Place.] The firſt groweth more uſually in Meadows, eſpe- cially about London every where. The ſecond in ſome of the dry Fields about this City, but not ſo plentifully as the former. The third in ſtanding Corn, or fallow Fields, ani the Borders of fuch like Fields. Time.] They flower in June and July, and ſome abide flowering until it be late in Auguſt, and the Seed is ripe in the mean time. There are many other Sorts of Scabious; but I take theſe which I have here deſcribed to be moſt familiar with us : The Virtues of both theſe and the reſt being much alike take them as followeth. Government and Virtues.] Mercury owns the Plant. Scoticus 04. 18 308 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. is very effectual for all Sorts of Coughs, Shortneſs of Breath, and all other Diſeaſes of the Breaſt and Lungs, ripening and digeſting cold Phlegm and Cough and Shortneſs of other tough Humours, voideth Breath, cold Phlegm, in- them forth by coughing and fpit- ward Ulcers and Impoft- ting: It ripeneth alſo all Sorte bumes,Pleuriſy,Infe&tion, of inward Ulcers and Impoſt- Cart unclesor Plague Sores humes; Pleurify alſo, if the De- Painsor StitchesintheSide, coction of the Herb dry or green Scabs, Tetters, Ring- be made in Wine and drank for worms, Itch, inward fome time together. Four Ounces Wounds, celd Swellings, of the clarified Juice of Scabious Abruik Sinews, Freckles taken in the Morning faiting end Pingles, Morphew with a Drachm of Mithridate, and Leproſy, Dandrif and or Venice Treacle, freeth the Scurf, Green Wounds, old Heart from any Infection of Sores and Ulcers, Thorns Peſtilence, if after the taking of and broken Bones, &c. it the Party ſweat two HOUTS in Bed, and this Medicine be again and again repeated, if need require. The green Herb bruiſed and applied to any Carbuncle or Plague Sore, is found by certain Experience to diſſolve and break it in three Hours Space. The ſame Decoction alſo drank helpeth the Pains and Stitches in the sides. The Decoction of the Roots taken for forty Days together, or a Drachm of the Powder of them taken at a time in Whey, doth (as Mat- Tbiolus faith) wonderfully help thoſe that are troubled with running or ſpreading Scabs, Tetters, Ringworms, yea, al- though they proceed from the French Pox, which, he faith, he hath tried by Experience. The Juice or Decoction drank, he!peth alſo Scabs and Breakings-out of the Itch, and the like. The Juice alſo made up into an Ointment and uſed, is effectual for the fame Purpoſe. The fame alſo healeth all inward Wounds by the drying, cleanſing, and healing Qua- lity therein: And a Syrup made of the Juice and Sugar, is very effeétual to all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, and ſo is the diſtilled Water of the Herb and Flowers made in due Seafon, eſpecially to be uſed when the green Herb is not in Force to be taken. The Decoction of the Herb and Roots outwardly applied, doth wonderfully help all Sorts of hard or cold Swellings in any part of the Body, and is as effectual for any Ihrunk The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 309 frunk Sinews or Veins. The Juice of Scabious made up with the Powder of Borax and Samphire, cleanſeth the Skin of the Face, or other Parts of the Body, not only from Freckles and Pimples, but alſo from Morphew and Leproſy. The Headwalhed with the ſame Decoction, cleanſeth it from Dan- driff, Scurf, Sores, Itch, and the like, being uſed warm: Tents alſo dipped in the Juice or Water thereof, not only healeth all green Wounds, but old Sores and Ulcers alſo. The Herb alſo bruiſed and applied, doth in a ſhort Time loofen, and cauſe to be drawn forth any Splinter, broken Bone, Ar- row Head, or other ſuch like Thing lying in the Fleſh. Scurvygrafs. UR ordinary Engliſh Scurvygrafs hath many Deſcript.thick flat Leaves more long than broad, and ſometimes longer and narrower;fometimes alſo ſmooth on the Edges, and ſonetimes a little waved; ſometimes plain, ſmooth and pointed; fometimes hollow in the Middle, and round pointed; of a ſad green, and ſometimes a blueiſh Colour, every one ſtanding by itſelf, upon a long Foot-ſtalk, which is browniſh or greeniſh alſo; from among which ariſe many flender Stalks, bearing few Leaves thereon like the other, but longer and lefſer for the moſt Part: At the Tops whereof grow many whitiſh Flowers, with yellow Threads in the Middle, ſtanding about a green Head, which becometh the Seed Veſſel, which will be fomewhat flat when it is ripe, wherein is contained reddiſh Seed, taſting ſomewhat hot. The Root is made of many white Strings,which ſtick deeply into the Mud, wherein it chiefly delights; yet it will well abid in the more upland and drier Ground, and taſteth a little brackiſh and falt even there, but not ſo much as where i: hath the falt Water to feed upon. Place.] It groweth all along the Thames Side, both on the Eſex and Kentiſh Shores, from Woolrich round about the Sea- Coaſts to Dover, Portſmouth, and even to Briſtol, where it is had in Plenty; the other with round Leaves groweth in the Marſhes in Holland in Lincolnſhire, and other places of Lin. colnſhire by the Sea-ſide. Deſcript.] There is alſo another ſort called Dutch Scurvy- grafs, which is moſt known and frequent in Gardens, which hath freſh,green and almoſt round Leavesriſing from theRoot, not ſo thick as the former; yet in some richGround verylaige, 05 even 310 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a even twice as big as in others, not dented about the Edges, or hollow in the Middle, ftanding on a long Foot-ſtalk: From among theſe riſe long, ſlender Stalks, higher than the former, with morewhite Flowers at the Tops of them, which turn in- to ſmall Pcds, and ſmaller browniſh Seed than the former. The Root is white, ſmall, and thready. The Taſte is nothing ſalt at all; it hath a hot, aromatical, ſpicy Tafte. Time.] It flowereth in April and May, and giveth Seed ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Jupiter. The Engliß Scurvyg'aſs is more uſed for the falt Taite it beareth, which doth ſomewhat open and cleanſe; but the Dutch Scury- graſs is of better Effect, and chiefly ufed (if it may be had) by thoſe that have the Scurvy, Scurvy, Liver and Spleer, eſpecially to purge and cleanſe Phlegmatic Humours, foul the Blood, the Liver and Spleer, Ulcers and fore Mouths, for all which Diſeaſes it is of fin- Spots and Sores in the gular good Effect, by taking the Skin. Juice in the Spring every Morning fafting in a Cup of Drink. The Decoction is good for the ſame Purpoſe, and the Herb tunned up in new Drink, either by itſelf, or with other Things; for it openeth Obſtructions, evacuating cold, clammy, and phlegmatic Humours, both from the Liver and the Spleen, waſting and conſuming both the Swelling and Hardneſs thereof, and thereby bringing to the Body a more lively Co- lour. The Juice alſo helpeth all foul Ulcers and Sores in the Mouth, if it be often gargled therewith; and uſed outwardly, cleanſeth the Skin from Spots, Marks, or Scars that happen therein. Self-Heal. -T It is called alſo Prunel, Carpenters Herb, Hook-heal, and Sicklewort. Defcript.] HEcommon Self-heal is a ſmall, low, creeping Herb, having many ſmall roundiſh pointed , Leaves, like Leaves of wild Mints, of a dark green Colour, without Dents on the Edges; from among which rife ſquare hairy Stalks, ſcarcea Foce high, which ſpread ſometimes into Branches with ſmall Leaves ſet thereon, up to the Tops, where hand brownſpiked Heads of ſmall brownih Leaves likeScales, and The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 311 and Flowers ſet together, almo't like the Head of Caſſidony, which Flowers are gaping, and of a blueiſh Purple, or more pale blue, in ſome places ſweet, but not ſo in others. The Root conſiſts of many Fibres downward, and ſpreadeth Strings alſo whereby it increaſeth. The ſmall Stalks, with the Leaves creeping upon the Ground, ſhoot forth Fibres taking hold on the Ground, whereby it is made a great Tuft in a ſhort time. Place.] It is found in Woods and Fields every where. Time.] It flowereth in May, and ſometimes in April . Government and Virtues.] Here is another Herb of Venus, Self-heal, whereby when you are hurt you may heal your felf: It is a ſpecial Herb for in- ward and outward Wounds. Inward Wounds and Ulcers, Take it inwardly in Syrups for Bruiſes, Flux of Blood, foul inward Wounds; outwardly in Sores, Green Wounds, Head- Unguents and Plaifters for out- ach, Sores in the Mouth or ward. As Se f. heal is like Bugle Throat, and ſecret Parts. in Form, fo alſo in the Qualities and Virtues, ſerving for all the Purpoſes whereto Bugle is applied with good Succeſs, either inwardly or outwardly for inward Wounds or Ulcers whatſoever within the Body, for Bruiſes or Falls, and fuch-like Hurts. If it be accompa- nied with Bugle, Sanicle, and other the like Wound Herbs, it will be more effectual to waſh or inject into Ulcers in the Parts outwardly; where there is Cauſe to repreſs the Heat and Sharpneſs of Humours flowing to any fore Ulcers, Infiam- mations, Swellings, or the like, or to ſtay the Flux of Blood in any Wound or Part, this is uſed with good Succeſs; as alſo to cleanſe the Foulneſs of Sores, and cauſe them more ſpeedily to be healed. It is an eſpecial Remedy for all green Wounds to foider the Lips of them, and to keep the Place from any further Inconveniences. The Juice hereof uſed with Oil of Roſes to anoint the Temples and Forehead, is very effectual to remove the Head-ach, and the fame mixed with Honey of Roſes, cleanſeth and healeth all Ulcers in the Mouth and Throat, and thoſe alſo in the Secret Parts. And the Proverb of the Germans, French, and others, is verified in this, That he needeth neither Phyſician nor Chirurgeon that bath Self-heal and Sanicle to help himſelf. The 312 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The Service Tree. Ine T is fo well known in the Place where it grows, that it needeth no Deſcription. Time.] It flowereth before the End of May, and the Fruit is ripe in October. Government and Virtues.] Services, when they are mellow, are fit to be taken to ſtay Fluxes, Fluxes, Scourings and Scouring and Caſting, yet leſs Caftirgs, Bleedings at than Medlars. If they be dried Wounds, or at Mouth and before they be mellow, and kept Nofe. all the Year, they may be uſed in Decoctions for the ſaid Purpoſe, either to drink, or to bathe the Parts requiring it; and are profitably uſed in that manner to ſtay the Bleeding of Wounds, and at the Mouth or Noſe, to be applied to the Forehead, and Nape of the Neck; and are under the Dominion of Saturn. Shepherd's Purſe. T is called Whoreman'sPermacity, Shepherd's Scrip, Shep- herd's Pounce, Toywort, Pick purſe, and Cafewort. Defcript.] The Root is ſmall, white, and periſheth every Year. The Leaves are ſmall and long, of a pale green Colour, and deeply cut in on both Sides, among which ſpringeth up a Stalk which is ſmall and round, containing ſmal Leaves upon it even to the Top. The Flowers are white, and very ſmall; after which come the little Caſes which hold the Seed, which are fiat, almoſt in the Form of a Heart, Place.] They are frequent in this Nation, almoſt by every Path-fide. Time.] They flower all the Summer long; nay, ſome of them are ſo fruitful, that they flower twice a year. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Saturn, and of a cold, dry, and binding Nature, like to him. It helps all Fluxes of Stops Fluxes, Flux of the Blood, either cauſed by inward Bells, Spitting and piſſing or outward Wounds; as alſo Blood, Terms ſtops, Yellow Flux of the Belly, and Bloody Jaundice, Pains, Noife and Flax, ſpitting and piſting of Blood IT a a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 313 T. Blood, ſtops the Terms in Wo- Matterings in the Ears, men; being bound to the Wrifts Wounds. of the Hands, and the Soles of the Feet, it helps the Yellow Jaundice. The Herb being made into a Poultice, helps Inflammations, and St. Anthony's Fire. The Juice being dropped into the Ears, heals the Pains, Noiſe, and Matterings thereof. A good Ointment may be made of it for all Wounds, eſpecially Wounds in the Head. Snallage. HIS is alſo very well known, and therefore I ſhall not trouble the Reader with any Deſcription thereof. Place.] It groweth naturally in wet and marſhy Ground; but if it be fown in Gardens, it there profpereth very well. Time.] It abideth green all the Winter, and ſeedeth in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Mercury. Smal- . lage is hotter, drier, and much more medicinal than Par- Ney, for it much more openeth Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen, rarefieth thick Phlegm, and cleanſeth it and the Blood Liver and Spleen, Urine, withal. It provoketh Urine and and Womens Courſes, rel- Womens Courſes, and is fingular low Jaundice, Agues, fire good againſt the Yellow Jaundice, Mouth & Throat, Ulcers, Tertian and Quartan Agues, if the Cankers, Wind, Worms, Juice thereof be taken, but eſpeci- and ſtinking Breath. ally made up into a Syrup. The . Juice alſo put to Honey of Roſes, and Barley-water, is very good to gargle the Mouth and Throat of thofe that have Sores and Ulcers in them, and will quickly heal them. The fame Lotion alſo cleanſeth and healeth all other foul Ulcers and Cankers elſewhere, if they be waſhed therewith. The Seed is eſpecially uſed to break and expel Wind, to kill Worms, and to help a ſtinking Breath. The Root is ef. fectual to all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, and is held to be ſtronger in Cperation than the Herb, but eſpecially to open Obſtruc- tions, and to rid away any Ague, if the Juice thereof be taken in Wine, or the Decoction thereof in Wine be uſed. Sope- 314 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. T a Sopewort, or Bruiſewort. Defcript. HE Root creepeth under Ground far and near, with many Joints therein, of a brown Colour on the Outſide, and yellowiſh within, ſhooting forth in di- vers Places weak round Stalks, full of Joints, ſet with two Leaves a-piece at every one of them on the contrary Side, which are ribbed ſomewhat like unto Plantain, and faſhioned like the common Field white Campion Leaves, feldom hav- :ing any Branches from the Sides of the Stalks, but ſet with Flowers at the Top, ſtanding in long Huſks like the wild Campions, made of five Leaves a-piece, round at the Ends, and dented in the Middle, of a Roſe Colour, almoſt white, ſometimes deeper, ſometimes paler; of a reaſonable Scent. Place.] It groweth wild in many low and wet Grounds of this Land, by Brooks and the sides of running Waters. Time.] It flowereth uſually in July, and ſo continueth all Auguft, and Part of September, before they be quite ſpent. Temperature and Virtues.] Venus owns it. The Country People in divers Places do uſe to bruiſe the Leaves of Sope- wort, and lay it to their Fingers, CutFinger, provokes Urine Hands or Legs, when they are cut, expel Gravel and Stone, to heal them up again. Some Droply, French Pox. make great Boaſt thereof, that it is diuretical to provokeUrine, and thereby to expel Gravel and the Stone in the Reins or the Kidneys, and do alſo account it fingular good to void Hy, dropical Waters, thereby to cure the Diſeaſe of the Dropſy. And they no leſs extol it to perform an abſolute Cure in the French Pox,more than either Sarſaparilla, Guaiacum, or China can do ; which, how true it is, I leave others to judge. Sorrel. Our UR ordinary Sorrel, which grows in Gardens, and alſo wild in the Fields, is ſo well known, that it need- eth no Deſcription. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of Venus. Sorrel is prevalent in all hot Diſeaſes, to cool any Inflam- mation and Heat of Blood in 4 rues, Cooleth Inflammation and peftilentiai or cholerick, or Sick- Heat of Blood, Agues, nels and Painting, riſing from Heat, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 315 Heat, and to refreſh the over- quenches Thirſ, provokes ſpent Spirits with the Violence Appetite, kills Worms, Wc- of furious or fiery Fits of Agues; mens Courſes, Fluxes, Poi- to quench Thirſt, and procure an son, Jaundice, inward Ul- Appetite in fainting or decaying cers, Itch, Tetters and Ring- Stomachs : For it refifteth the Pu- worms, Kernels in the trefaction of the Blood, killeth Throat, fore Mouth, Im- Worms, and is a Cordial to the poſthumes, Boil or Plague- Heart, which the Seed doth more Sores. effe&tually, being more drying and binding, and thereby ftayeth the hot Fluxes of Womens Courſes, or of Humours in the Bloody Flux, or Flux of the Stomach. The Root alſo in a Decoction, or in Powder, is effectual for all the ſaid Purpoſes. Both Roots and Seed, as well as the Herb, are held powerful to reſiſt the Poiſon of the Scorpion. The Decoction of the Roots is taken to help the Jaundice, and to expel the Gravel and the Stone in the Reins or Kidneys. The Decoction of the Flowers made with Wine and drank, helpeth the Black Jaundice, as alſo the inward Ulcers of the Body and Bowels. A Syrup made with the Juice of Sorrel and Fumitory, is a ſovereign Help to kill thoſe ſharp Humours that cauſe the Itch. The Juice thereof with a little Vinegar ſerveth well to be uſed outwardly for the fame Cauſe, and is alſo profitable for Tetters, Ring- worms, & c. It helpeth alſo to diſcuſs the Kernels in the Throat; and the Juice gargled in the Mouth, helpeth the Sores therein. The Leaves wraptin a Colewort Leaf and roaf- ed in the Embers, and applied to a hard Impofthume, Botch, Boil or Plague Sore, doth both ripen and break it. The dif- tilled Water of the Herb is of much good Uſe for all the Purpoſes aforeſaid. Wood Sorrel. ) HISgroweth upon the Ground, having a Num- ber of Leaves coming from the Root made of three Leaves, like a Trefoil, but broad at the Ends, and cut in the Middle, of a yellowiſh green Colour, every one ſtanding on a long Foot ſtalk, which at their firſt coming up are clofe folded together to the Stalk, butopening themselves afterwards, and are of a fine four Relih, and yielding a Juice which will turn red when it is clarified, and maketh a moſt dainty clear Syrup Deſcript.) T a 316 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . Syrup. Among theſe Leaves riſe up divers ſlender,weak Foot- ftalks, with everyone of them a Flower at the Top, conſiſting of five ſmall pointed Leaves, Star-faſhion, of a white Colour, in moft Places, and in fome daſhed over with a ſmall Show of а blueiſh,on the Back-fide only. After the Flowers are paſt, fol- low ſmall round Heads, with ſmall yellowiſh Seed in them. The Roots are nothing but ſmallStrings faſtened to the End of a ſmall long Piece; all of them being of a yellowiſh Colour. Place.] It groweth in many places of our Land in Woods and Wood-fides, where they be moiſt and ſhadowed, and in other Places not too much open to the Sun. Time.] It flowereth in April and May. Government and Virtues.] Venus owns it. Wood Sorrel ſerveth to all the Purp: fes that the other Sorrels do, and is more effectual in hindering Putrefaction of Elood, and Ulcers. in the Mouth and Body, and in cooling and tempering Heats and Inflammations, to quench Ulcers, Inflammations,pro- Thirſt, to ſtrengthen a weak Sto- cure Appetite, peftilential mach, to procure an Appetite, to Fever,hot Swellings, Can- ftay Vomiting, and very excellent ker or Ulcer in the Mouth, in any contagious Sickneſs or Wounds or Scabs, Deflux- peſtilential Fevers. tions. made of the Juice is effe&tual in all the Caſes aforeſaid, and ſo is the diſtilled Water of the Herb alſo. Spunges or Linen Cloths wet in the Juice, and applied ontwardly to any hot Swellings or Inflammations, doth much cool and help them. The ſame Juice taken and gargled in the Mouth, and after it is fpit forth, freſh taken, doth wonderfully help a foul ſtinking Canker, or Ulcers therein. It is fingular good in Wounds, Thruſts and Stabs in the Body to ſtay Bleeding, and helpeth to ſtay any hot Defluxions in the Throat or Lungs, and to cleanſe and heal Wounds fpeedily. The Syrup Sono Deſcription Sow Thiſtle. HOW Thiſtles are generally ſo well known, that they need . Place.] They grow in Gardens and manured Grounds, fometimes by old Walls, Path-fides of Fields and Highways, Government and Virtues.] This and the former are under the Influence of Venus. Sow Thiſtles are cooling, and ſomewhat The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 317 fomewhat binding, and are very fit to cool a hot Stomach, and to eaſe the gnawing Pains thereof. The Herb boiled in Wine, is very helpful to ſtay the Diffolution of the Stomach, and the Milk that is taken from the Stalks when they are broken, Pain and Heat of the given in Drink, is beneficial to Stomach, ſhort Wind and thoſe that are ſhort-winded, and Wheezing, Gravel and have a Wheezing withal. Pliny Stone, fiinking Breath, faith, That it hath cauſed the Gra- Speedy Delivery Strangury vel and Stone to be voided by Urine, Milk increaſed, Deaf- and that the eating thereof help- neſs, ſinging in the Ears, eth a ſtinking Breath. Three inflamed Eyes,Wheels and Spoonfuls of the Juice thereof Bliſters, Hemorrhoids, taken in White Wine warmed, and clear the Face. fome Oil put thereto, cauſeth Women in Travail to have ſo eaſy and ſpeedy Delivery, that they may be able to walk preſently after. The faid Juice taken in warm Drink, helpeth the Strangury, and Pains in making Water. The Decoction of the Leaves and Stalks cauſeth abandance of Milk in Nurſes, and their Children to be well coloured, and is good for thoſe whoſe Milk doth curdle in theirBreaſts. The Juice boiled, or thoroughly heated in a little Oil of bitter Almonds in the Peel of a Pomegranate, and dropped into the Ears, is a ſure Remedy for Deafneſs, Singings, and all other Diſeaſes in them. The Herb bruiſed, or the Juice, is profitably applied to all hot Infammations in the Eyes, or whatſoever elſe; and for Wheals, Bliſters, or other the like Eruption or Heat in the Skin; as alſo for the Heat and Itching of the Hamorrhoids, and the Heat and Sharpneſs of Humours in the ſecret Parts of Man or Woman. The diſtilled Water of the Herb, is not only effectual for all the Diſeaſes aforeſaid to be taken inwardly with a littleSugar, (which Medicine the daintieft Stomach will not refuſe) but outwardly, by applying Cloths or Spunges wetted therein. It is wonderfully good for Women to waſh their faces there With, to clear the Skin, and give a luftre thereto. a Southern Wood. Outhern Wood is ſo well known to be an ordinary Inha bitant in our Gardens, that I hall not need to trouble you with any Deſcription thereof. Tiw 318 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. put a Time.] It flowereth for the moſt part in July and Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is a gallant Mercurial Plant, worthy of more eſteem than it hath. Diofcorides faith, That the Seed bruiſed, heated in warm Burften, Cramps and Con- Water, and drank, helpeth thoſe vulſions, Sciatica, Stran- that are burſten, or troubled with gury, Womens Courſes, Cramps or Convulſions of the Poiſons, Agues, infiamed Sinews, the Sciatica, or Difficulty Eyes, Pimples, Puſhes and in making Water, and bringing Wheals, Worms, Splinters down Womens Courſes. The • and Thorns, old Ulcers, fame taken Wine is an Anti- Sores in Privities, Bald- dote, or Counter-poiſon againſt all neſs, French Pox, Stone, deadly Poiſon, and driveth away Spleen,and Mother. Serpents and other venomous Crea- tures; as alſo the Smell of the Herb, being burnt, doth the ſame. The Oil thereof anointed on the Back-bone before the Fits of Ague comes, taketh them away : It taketh away Inflammations in the Eyes, if it be with ſome part of a roaſted Quince, and hoiled with a few Crumbs of Bread, and applied. Boiled with Barley-meal, it taketh away Pimples, Puſhes or Wheals that ariſe in the Face, or other Parts of the Body. The Seed, as well as the dried Herb, is often given to kill the Worms in Children: The Herb bruiſed and laid te, helpeth to draw forth Splinters and Thorns out of the Fleſh. The Aſhes thereof drieth up and healeth old Ulcers, that are without Inflammation, altho' by the sharpneſs thereof it bite the ſcre, and putteth them to ſore Pains; as alſo the Sores in the Privy Parts of Man or Woman. The Aſhes mingled with old Sallad Oil, helpeth thoſe that have Hair fallen, and are bald, cauſing the Hair to grow again either on the Head or Beard. Darantes faith, That the Cil made of Southernwood, and put among the Ointments that are uſed againſt the French Diſeaſe; is very effectual, and likewife killed Lice in the Head. The diſtilled Water of the Herb is ſaid to help them much that are troubled with the Stone, as alſo for the Diſeaſes of the Spleen and Mother. The Germans commend it for a fingular Wound-herb, and therefore call it Stabwort. It is held by all Writers, an- cient and modern, to be more offenſive to the Stomach than Wormwood. Spignel. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 319 Spignel. Defcript.] .]T. HE Roots of common Spignel do ſpread much and deep in the Ground, many Strings or Branches growing from one Head, which is hairy at the Top, of a blackiſh brown Colour on the Outſide, and white a within, ſmelling well, and of an aromatical Tafte, from whence riſe fundry long Stalks of moft fine cut Leaves like Hair, ſmaller than Dill, fet thick on both sides of the Stalks, and of a good Scent. Among theſe Leaves riſe up round ftiff Stalks, with a few Joints and Leaves on them, and at the Tops an Umbel cf fine pure white Flowers; at the Edges whereof fometimes will be féen a Shew of the reddiſh blueiſh Colour, eſpecially before they be full blown, and are ſucceeded by ſmall, fomewhatround Seeds, bigger than the ordinary Fennel, and of a brown Colour, divided into two parts, and crufted on the Back, as moft of the umbelliferous Seeds are. Place.] It groweth wild in Lancaſhire, Yorkſhire, and other northern Counties, and is alſo planted in Gardens. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Venus. Galen faith, The Roots of Spignel are available to provoke Urine, and ProvekeUrineand Womens Womens Courſes; but if too much Courſes, Strangury, Paix thereof be taken, it cauſeth Head- in the Stomach, Mother, ach. The Roots boiled in Wine Foint-aches,tough Phlegm, or Water, and drank, helpeth the venomous Creatures. Strangury and Stoppings of the Urine, the Wind, Swellings and Pains in the Stomach, Pains of the Mother, and all joint-aches. If the Powder of the Root be mixed with Honey, and the ſame taken as a licking Medicine, it breaketh tough Phlegm, and drieth up the Rheum that falleth on the Lungs. The Roots are accounted very effectual againſt the ſtinging or biting of any venomous Creature, and is one of the Ingredients in Mithridate and other Antidotes of the fame. Spleenwort, or Ceterach. Deſcript. HE ſinooth Spleenwort, from a black, thready TH and buſhy Root, ſendeth forth many long fingle Leaves, cut in on both Sides into round Dents almoſt to tite 320 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. upper Side, a the Middle, which is not ſo hard as that of Polypody, each Diviſion being not always ſet oppoſite unto the other, cut between each, ſmooth, and of a light green on the and a dark yellowiſh Roughneſs on the Back, folding or roll- ing itſelf inward at the firſt ſpringing up. Place.] It growech as well upon Stone Walls, as moiſt and fhadowy Places, about Briſtol, and other the Weſt Parcs, plentifully; as alſo on Framlingham Caſtle, on Beaconsfield Church in Berkſhire, at Stroude in Kent, and elſewhere, and abideth green all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] Saturn owns it. It is generally uſed againſt Infirmities of the Sp'een, Stranguig, Stone, Spleen: It helpeth the Stran- Yellow Jaundice, Running gury, and waſteth the Stone in of the Reins, Melancholy the Bladder, and is good againſt Diſeaſes. the Yellow Jaundice, and the Hiccough; but the Juice of it in Women hindereth Conception. Matthiolus faith, That if a Dram of the Duft that is on the Backſide of the Leaves be mixed with half a Dram of Amber in Powder, and taken with the Juice of Purſlain or Plantain, it helps the Running of the Reins fpeedily, and that the Herb and Root being boiled and taken, helpeth all melancholy Diſeaſes, and thoſe eſpecially that ariſe from the French Diſeaſe. Camerarius faith, that the diſtilled Water thereof being drank, is very effe&ual againſt the Stone in the Reins and Bladder; and that the Lee that is made of the Aſhes thereof being drank for ſome time toge- ther, helpeth fplenetick Perſons. It is uſed in outward Re medies for the fame Purpoſe, Star Thiſtle. Defcript.) A .] Common Star Thiſtle hath divers narrow Leaves lying next the Ground, cut on the Edges fomewhat deeply into many Parts, ſoft, or a little wool- ly all over the Green, among which riſe up divers weak Stalks parted into many Branches, all lying down to the Ground , that it ſeemeth a pretty Bulh, ſet with divers the like divided Leaves up to the Tops, where ſeverally do ſtand ſmall whitish green Heads, fet with ſharp white Pricks, (no Part of the Plant elſe being prickly) which are ſomewhat yellowiſh ; out of the Middle whereof riſeth the Flowers, compoſed of many, ſmall The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 321 ſmall reddiſh purple Threads; and in the Heads, after the Flowers are paft, come ſmall whitiſh round Seed, lying down as others do. The Root is ſmall, long and woody, periling every Year, and rifing again of their own ſowing: Place.] It groweth wild in the Fields about London in many Places, as at Mile-End Green, in Finjury Fields beyond the Windmills, and many other places. Time.] It flowereth early, and feedeth in July, and fome- times in Auguft. Government and Virtuos.] This, as almoft all Thiftles are, is under Mars. The Soed of this Star Thiſtle made into Powder, Provokes Urine, Stone, and drank in Wine, provoketh Plague, Fiftula, French Urine, and helpeth to break the Pox, Obſtructions, Agues. Stone, and driveth it forth. The Root in Powder, and given in Wine and drank, is good againſt the Plague and Peſtilence; and drank in the Morning faſting for ſome Time together, it is very profitable for a Fiſtula in any Part of the Body. Baptiſta Sarda, doth much commend the diſtilled Water hereof, being drank, to help the French Diſeaſe, to open the Obſtructions of the Liver, and cleanſe the Blood from corrupted Humours, and is pro table againſt the Quotidian or Tertian Ague. Strawberries. T Heſe are ſo well known through this Land, that they need no Deſcription. Time.] They flower in May ordinarily, and the Fruit is ripe ihortly after. Government and Virtues.] Venus owns the Herb. Strawber- ries, when they are green, are cool and dry; but when they are ripe Cool the Liver, Spleen and they are cool and moiſt: The Ber- Stomach, querch Thirf, ries are excellent good to cool the Inflammations, provoke Liver, the Blood, and the Spleen, Urine, ftay the Bloedy or an hot cholerick Stomach; to Flux and Womens Courbes, refreſh and comfort the fainting panting of the Heart, Spirits, and quench Thirſt: They Yellow Jaundice, Ulcers, are good alſo for other Inflamma- fore Mouths, or Ul ers in tions; yet it is not amiſs to refrain the Privities, logfe Teeth, from 322 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Catarrhs, Deluxions, from them in a Fever, left by their. inflamed Eyes, Puſhes putrefying in the Stomach they ard Wheals, red Face, increaſe the Fits. The Leaves and Deformities in the Skin, Roots boiled in Wine and Water, Films over the Eyes. and drank, do likewiſe cool the Liver and Blood, and afſwage all Inflammations in the Reins and Bladder, provoke Urine, and allay the Heat and Sharpneſs thereof. The ſame alſo being : drank fayeth the Bloody Flux and Womens Courſes, and helps the Swellings of the Spleen. The Water of the Berries carefully diſtilled, is a ſovereign Remedy and Cordial in the panting and beating of the Heart, and is good for the Yellow Jaundice. The Juice dropped into foul Ulcers, or they waſhed therewith, or the Decoction of the Herb and Root, doth wonderfully cleanſe and help to cure them. Lotions and Gargles for fore Moaths, or Ulcers therein, or in the Privy Parts or elſewhere, are made with the Leaves and Roots thereof; which is alſo good to faften looſe Teeth, and to heal fpungy, foul Gums. It helpeth alſo to ſtay Catarrhs or De- fluxions of Rheum in the Mouth, Throat, Teeth, or Eyes. The Juice or Water is fingular good for hot and red inflamed Eyes, if dropped into them, or they bathed therewith. It is alſo of excellent Property for all Puſhes, Wheals, and other Breakings-forth of hot and ſharp Humours in the Face and Hands, and other Parts of the Body, to bathe them therewith, and to take away any Redneſs in the Face, or Spots, or other Deformities in the Skin, and to make it clear and ſmooth. Some uſe this Medicine; Take ſo many Strawberries as you fhall think fitting, and put them into a Diſtillatory, or Body of Glaſs fit for them, which being well cloſed, ſet in a Bed of Horſe Dung for your Uſe. It is an excellent Water for hot inflamed Eyes, and to take away a Film or Skin that begin- neth to grow over them, and for ſuch other Defects in them as may be helped by any outward Medicine. Succory. rota Deſcript.] HE Garden Succory hath longer and narrower Leaves than Endive, and more cut in or torn on the Edges, and the Root abideth many Years. It beareth al blue Flowers like Endive, and the Seed is hardly diſtin- guiſhed from the Seed of the ſmooth or ordinary Endive. Tho IT The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 323 The Wild Succory hath divers long Leaves lying on the Ground, very much cut in or torn on the Edges on both sides, even to the middle Rib, ending in a Point; ſometimes it hath a red Rib down the Middle of the Leaves, from among which rifeth up a hard, round, woody Stalk, ſpreading into many Branches, fet with ſmaller and leſſer divided Leaves on them up to the Tops, where ſtand the Flowers, which are like the Garden Kind, as the Seed is alſo, (only take Notice that the Flowers of the Garden Kind are gone in on a funny Day, they being ſo cold, that they are not able do endure the Beams of the Sun, and therefore more Delight in the Shade) the Root is white, but more hard and woody than the Garden Kind. The whole Plant is exceeding bitter. Place.] This groweth in many Places of our Land in waſte untilled and barren Fields. The other only in Gardens. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Jupiter. Garden Succory, as it is more dry and leſs cold than Endive, ſo it openeth more. An Handful of the Leaves, or Roots boiled in Cholerickandphlegmatick Wine or Water, and a Draught Humours, Obſtructions, thereof drank fafting, driveth Yellow Jaundice hot Reins forth cholerick and phlegmatick andUrine, Drophy, Agues, Humours, openeth Obitructions Pallion of the Heart, of the Liver, Gall and Spleen ; Head-ach, Swellings and helpeth the Yellow Jaundice, the Inflammations, St Antho- Heat of the Keins, and of the ny's Fire, Puſoes, Wheals Urine; the Dropſy alſo, and thoſe & Pimples, inflamed Eyes, that have an Evil Diſpoſition in too much Milk. their Bodies, by Reaſon of long Sickneſs, evil Diet, & c. which the Greeks call Cachexia. A Decoction thereof made with Wine, and drank, is very effectual againſt long lingering Agues; and a Dram of the Seed in Powder, drank in Wine, before the fit of the Ague, helpeth to drive it away. The diſtilled Water of the Herb and Flowers (if you can take them in Time) hath the like Properties, and is eſpecially good for hot Stomachs, and in Agues, either peftilential or of long Continuance; for Swoon- ings and Paſſions of the Heart, for the Heat and Head-ach in Children, and for the Blood and Liver. The ſaid Water, or the Juice, or the bruiſed Leaves applied outwardly, allays Swellings, Inflammations, St. Anthony's Fire, Puſhes, Whealss and Pimples, eſpecially uſed with a little Vinegar; as alſo to wath 324 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. , waſh peftiferous Sores. The faid Water is very effectual for fore Eyes that are inflamed with Redneſs, and for Nurſes Breaſts that are pained by the Abundance of Milk. The wild Succory, as it is more bitter, ſo it is more krengthening to the Stomach and Liver. Stone-Crop, Prick-Madam, or Small Houfleek, Deſcrist.]TT groweth with divers trailing Branches ypor the Ground, fet with many thick, flat, roundiſh, whitiſh green Leaves, pointed at the Ends. The Flowers ſtand many of them together, ſomewhat looſely. The Roots . are ſmall, and run creeping under Ground. Place) It groweth upon the Stone-wails and Mud-walls, upon the Tiles of Houſes, and Pent Houſes, and amongſt Rubbith, and in other gravelly Places. Time.] It flowereth in June and July, and the Leaves are green all the Winter. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Moon, cold in Quality, and ſome- Binds, fays Defluxions, thing binding, and therefore very bleeding, stops Cankers, good to ſtay Defluxions, eſpecial- Sores, Ulcers, Choler, ly ſuch as fall upon the Eyes. It Cholerick Humours, Poi- ſtops Bleeding, both inward and Jon, Peſtilent Fevers, outward, helps Cankers, and all Tertian Agues, King's- fretting Sores and Ulcers: It a- evil, Knots and Kernels bates the Heat of Choler, thereby in the Fleſh, Piles. preventing Diſeaſes ariſing from Cholerick Humours. Poiſon much, refifteth peſtilential Fevers, being exceeding good alſo for Tertian Agues: You may drink the Decoction of it if you pleaſe for all the foregoing Infirmities. It is ſo harmleſs an Herb, you can ſcarce uſe it amiſs : Being bruiſed and applied to the Place, it helps the King's-Evil, and any other Knots or Kernels in the Fleſh; as alſo the Piles. Engliſh Tobacco. Defcript.] His riſeth up with a round thick Stalk, about two Feet high, whereon do grow thick, flat green Leaves,r.othing folarge as the other Indian Kinds, fome- what round printed alſo, an . nothing dented at out the Edges. Thes It expels *.ITH The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 325 The Stalk brancheth forth, and beareth at the Tops divers Flowers ſet on great Huſks like the other, but nothing ſo large; ſcarce ſtanding above the Brims of the Huſks,round pointed alſo, and of a greeniſh yellow Colour. The Seed that followa eth is not ſo bright, but larger, contained in the like great Heads. The Roots are neither fo great, nor woody; it peri- eth every Year with the hard Frofts in Winter, but riſeth ge nerally of its own fowing. Place.] This came from ſome parts of Braſil, as is thought, . and is more familiar in our Country than any of the other Sorts ; early giving ripe Seed, which the others ſeldom do. Time.] It flowereth from June, ſometimes to the End of Auguft, or later, and the Seed ripeneth in the mea: Time. Government and Virtues.] It is a Martial Plant. It is found by good Experience to be available to expectorate tough Phlegm from the Stomach, Cheſt and Lungs. The Juice thereof Tough Phlegm, Worms, made into a Syrup, or the diſtilled Megrim, Pains in the Water of the Herb drankwith ſome Bowels, GravelandStone Sugar, or without, if you will, or Wind, Mother, Tooth-ach the Smoak taken by a Pipe, as is King's Evil, Venomous uſual, but fafting; the ſame help- Creatures, Agrue Cramps eth to expel Worms in the Sto- and Aches, Sciatica, Itch, mach and Belly, and to eaſe the Scabs, and Ulcers, Can- Pains in the Head, or Megrim and kers and foul Sores, Lice, the griping Pains in the Bowels. fresh Wounds and Sores, It is profitable for thoſe that are Impofihumes and hard troubled with the Stone in the Swellings. Kidneys, both to eaſe Pains by provoking Urine, and to expel Gravel and the Stone en- gendered therein, and hath been found very effectual to expel Windineſs, and other Humours, which cauſe the ftrangling of the Mother. The Seed hereof is very ef- fectual to expel the Tooth-ach, and the Alhes of the burnt Herb to cleanſe the Gums, and make the Teeth white. The Herb bruiſed and applied to the Place grieved with the King's Evil, helpeth it in nine or ten Days effectually. Monardus faith, it is a Counter poiſon againſt the biting of any venomous Creature, the Herb alſo being out- wardly applied to the hurt Place. The diſtilled Water P: 326 Tbe Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. is often given with ſome Sugar before the Fit of an Ague, to Jeffen it, and take it away in three or four Times uſing. If the diſtilled Fæces of the Herb, having been bruiſed before the Diſtillation, and not diſtilled dry, be ſet in warm Dung for fourteen Days, and afterwards be hung up in a Bag in a Wine Cellar, the Liquor that diſtilleth therefrom is fingularly good to uſe for Cramps, Aches, the Gout and Sciatica, and to heal Itches, Scabs, and running Ulcers, Cankers, and all foul Sores whatſoever. The Juice is alſo good for all the ſaid Griefs, and likewiſe to kill Lice in Childrens Heads. The green Herb bruiſed and applied to any green Wounds,cureth any freſh Wound or Cut whatſoever; and the Juice put into old Sores, both cleanſeth and healeth them. There is alſo made hereof a fingular good Salve to help Impoſthumes, hard Tumours, and other Swellings by Blows and Falls. The Tamariſk Tree. T is ſo well known in the Places where it grows, that it I! needeth no Deſcription. Time.] It flowereth about the End of May, or in June, and the Seed is ripe and blown away in the Beginning of September. Government and Virtues.] A gallant Saturnine Herb it is. If the Root, Leaves, or young Branches, be boiled in Wine or Vinegar, and drank, and applied outwardly, it is very powerful againſt the Hardneſs of the Spleen. The Leaves boiledin Wine and drank, Spleen, Hæmorrhoids, Spit- is good to ſtay the Bleeding of the , ting Blood, Womens Courles, Hæmorrhoidal Veins, the ſpitting Jaundice, Cholick, Venom, of Bloodand Womens too abound- Serpents, Tooth-ach Painin ing Courſes, and helpeth the Jaun- the Ears, watering Eyes, dice, the Cholick, and the biting Gangrenes and Ulcers, Nits of all venomous Serpents, except and Lice, Spleen, Burning the Aſp. The Bark is as effectual, and Scalding, French Pox, if not more, to all the Purpoſes Leproſy and Scabs,Droply, aforeſaid, and both it and the Melancholy,blackJaundice Leaves boiled in Wine, and the Mouth and Teeth waſhed there- with, helpeth the Tocth-ach; being dropped in the Ears, eaſeth the Pains, and is good for the Redneſs and Water- ing of the Eye. The laid Decoction, with ſome Honey put The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 327 G put thereto, is good to ſtay Gangrenes and fretting Uicers, and to waſh thoſe that are ſubject to Nits and Lice : The Wood is very effectual to conſume the Spleen, and therefore to drink out of Cups and Cans made thereof is good for ſple- netick Perſons. The Aſhes of the Wood are aled for all the Purpoſes aforeſaid, and beſides, doth quickly help the Blif- ters raiſed by Burnings or Scaldings, by Fire or Water. Alpi- nus and Vejlingius do affirm, That the Egyptians do with as good Succeſs uſe the Wood hereof to cure the French Diſeaſe; as others do Lignum Vita, or Guaiacum; and give it alſo tri ſuch as are poſſeſſed with Leproſy, Scabs, Puſhes, Ulcers, or the like: It is available to help the Dropſy, ariſing from che Hardneſs and Obſtructions of the Spleen, as alſo for Melan- choly, and Black Jaundice that ariſeth thereof. Garden Tanſy. Arden Tanfy is ſo well known, that it needeth no De- ſcription. Time.] It lowereth in June and July. Government and Virtues.] Dame Venus was minded to plea- fure Women with Child by this Herb, for there grows not an Herb fitter for their Uſes than this is; it is juſt as though it were cut out for the Purpoſe. The Herb bruiſed and ap- plied to the Navel, ftays Miſcarriages; I know no Herb like it for that Uſe: Boiled in ordinary Beer, and the Decoction drank, doth the like; and if her Womb be not as ſhe would have it, this Decoction will make it as the would have it, or at leaſt as ſhe ſhould have it. Let thoſe Women that deſire Children love this Herb, 'tis their best Companion, their Huſband excepted. Alſo it conſumes the Phlegmatick Humours the cold and moist Conſtitution of Winter moſt uſually affects the Body of Man with, and that was the firſt Reaſon of eating Tanfies in the Spring. At laſt the World being over-run with Popery, a Monſter called Superſtition perks up his Head, and, as a juft Judgment of God, obſcures the bright Beams of Knowledge by his diſmal Looks (Phyſicians ſeeing the Pope and his Imps ſelfiſh, they began to do fo too) and now forfooth Tanties muſt be eaten only on Palm and Eafter Sundays, and their Neighbour Days: At laſt Superſtition being too lot to hold, and the Selfiſhr.efs of Phyſicians P 2 walking 328 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. walking in the Clouds; after the Friars and Monks had made the People ignorant, the Superſtition of the Time was found out, by the Virtue of the Herb hidden, and now 'tis almoft, if not altogether, left off. Surely our Phyſicians are beholden to none 10 muu.. as they are to Monks and Frias: For want of eating this Herb in Spring, maketh People fickly in Summer; and that makes Work for the Phyſician. If it be againſt any Man or Woman's Conſcience to eat Tanfy in the .Spring, I am as unwilling to burthen their Conſcience, as I am that they ſhould burthen mine ; they may boil it in Wine and drink the Decoct on, it will work the ſame Effe&t. The Decoction of the common Tanfy, or the Juice drank in Wine, is a ſingular Remedy for all the Griefs that come by ftopping of the Urine, helpeth the Dyfury,Strangury, Reins, Strangury, and thoſe that have Kidneys, Wind, Womb, weak Reins and Kidneys. It is al- Miſcarriages, Stone, Sto- fo very profitable to diffolve and mach, Worms, Cromps. expel Wind in the Stomach, Belly or Bowels, to procure Womens Courſes, and expel Windineſs in the Matrix, if it be bruiſed and often ſmelled unto, as alſo applied to the lower part of the Belly. It is alſo very profitable for ſuch Women as are given to miſcarry in Child-bearing, to cauſe them to go out , their full Time : It is uſed alſo againſt the Stone in the Reins, eſpecially to Men. The Herb fried with liggs (as it is accuſtomed in the Spring-time) which is called a Tanſy, helpeth to digeſt and carry downwards thoſe had Humours that trouble the stomach. The Seed is very profitably given to Children for the Worms, and the Juice in Drink is as effectual!! Being boiled in Oil, it is good for the Sinews ſhrunk by Crairps, or pained with Cold, if thereto applicd. Wild Tarfy, or Silver Weed. TH HIS is alſo ſo well known, that it needeth no De- fcription Place.] It groweth almoſt in every Place. Time.] It flowereth in June and July. Government and Virtues.] Now Dame Venus hath fitted Women with two Herbs of one Name, one to help Con- ception, the other to maintain Beauty, and what more can be expected of her? What now remains for you, but . to The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 329 to love your Huſbands, and not to b: wanting to your poor Neighbours ? Wild Tanſy ſtayeth the Laſk, and all the Fluxes of Blood in Men or Wo- men, which fome ſay it will do, Flux, Terms frops, Vomit- if the green Herb be worn in the ing of Blood, Whites, Rup- Shoes, ſo it be next the Skin; tures, Belly-ach, Sciatica, and 'tis true enough, that it will Teeth, Guns, Ulcers in the Joints, Tooth-ach, looje stop the Terms, if worn ſo, and Mouth, Wounds, fore the Whites too, for ought I know. It ſtayeth alſo ſpitting or vomit- Legs,, Pimples, Freckles; Sun-burning ting of Blood. The Powder of the Herb taken in ſome of the diſtilled Water, helpeth the Whites in Women, but more eſpecially if a 1 ttle Coral and Ivory in Powder be put to it. It is alſo commended to help Children that are burſten, and have a Rupture, being boiled in Water and Salt. Being boiled in Water and drank, it eafeth the griping Pains of the Bowels, and is good for the Sciatica and Joint-achs. The fame boiled in Vinegar, with Honey and Allum, and gargled in the Mouth, ealch the Pains of the Tooth-ach, faiteneth looſe Teeth, helpeth the Gums that are fore, and ſettleth the Palate of the Mouth in its Place, when it is fallen down. It cleanſeth and healeth Ulcers in the Mouth or fecret Parts, and is very good for inward Wounds, and to cloſe the Lips of green Wounds; and alſo to heal old, moiſt, and corrupt running Syres in the Legs or elſewhere. Being bruiſed and applied to the Soles of the Feet and Hand-wriſts, it wonderfully cooleth the hot fits of Agues, be they never fo violent. The diſtilled Water cleanſeth the Skin of all Diſcolourings therein, as Morphew, Sun-burning, &c. as alfo Pimples, Freckles, and the like; and dropped into the Eyes,orCloths wet therein and applied, taketh away the Heat and Inflam- mations in them. 12 Thiſtles. F theſe are many kinds growing here in England, which are ſo well known, that they need no Deſcrip- tion : Their Difference are eaſly known by the Places where they grow, viz. Place.] Some grow in Fields, fome in Meadows, and ſome among the Corn; others on Heaths, Greens, and waſ.e Grounds in many places. Tive.] O ; P 3 330 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. Time.) They flower in June and Augufi, and their Seedia ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] Surely Mars rules it, it is ſuch a prickly Buſineſs. All theſe Dxury. Thiſtles are good to provoke U- rine, and to mend the ſtinking Sraell thereof; as alſo the rank Smell of the Armpits, or the whole Body, being boiled in Wine and drank, and are ſaid alſo te help a ſtinking Breath, &rinking Breath, Stomach, and to ſtrengthen the Stomach. Pliny faith, That the Juice bathed en the Place that wanteth Hair, it being fallen off, will cauſe it to grow again ſpeedily. The Melancholy Thiſtle. Defcript.] IT riſeth up with tender fingle hoary green Stalks. , bearing , abeat the Edges ; the Points thereof are little or nothing prickly, and at the Top uſually but one Head, yet ſometimes from the Boſom of the uppermoft Leaves there ſhooteth forth another ſmall Head, ſcaly and prickly, with many reddiſh Thrumbs or Threads in the Middle, which being gathered freſh, will keep the Colour a long Time, and fadeth not from the Stalk a long Time, while it perfects the Seed, which is of a mean Bigneſs, lying in the Down. The Root hath many Strings faſtened to the Head, or upper Part, which is black- iſh, and periſheth not. There is another Sort, little differing from the former, but that the Leaves are more green above, and more hoary un- derneath, and the Stalk being about two Feet high, beareth but one ſcaly Head, with Threads and Seeds as the former. Place.] They grow in many moiſt Meadows of this Land, as well in theſe ſouthern, as in the northern Parts. Time.] They flower about July or Auguft, and their Seed ripeneth quickly after. Government and Virtues.] 'Tis under Capricorn, and there- fore under both Saturn and Mars; Melancholy. one rids Melancholy by Sympa- thy, the other by Antipathy. Their Virtues are but few, but thoſe not to be deſpiſed; for the Decoction of the Thiſtle in Wine being drank, expels fuperfluous Melancholy out of the Tbe Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 331 a Defcript.10 the Body, and makes a Man as merry as a Cricket : Super- fluous Melancholy cauſeth Care, Fear, Sadneſs, Deſpair, En- vy, and many Evils more befides; but Religion teachech to wait upon God's Providence, and caſt our Care upon him who careth for us. What a fine Thing were it if Men and Women could live fo? And yet ſeven Years Care and Fear, makes a Man never the wiſer, nor a Farthing richer. Diof- corides faith, The Root borne about one doth the like, and re- moves all Diſeaſes of Melancholy. Modern Writers laugh at him: Let them laugh that win, my Opinion is, that 'tis the beſt Remedy again it all melancholy Diſeaſes that grows; they that pleaſe may uſe it. Our Lady's Thiſtle. UR Lady's Thirtle hath divers very large and broad Leaves lying on the Ground cut in, and as it were crumpled, but ſomewhat hairy on the Edges, of a white green ſhining Colour, wherein are many Lines and Streaks of a milk-white Colour running all over, and ſet with many ſharp and ſtiff Prickles all about, among which riſeth up one or more ſtrong, round and prickly Stalks, ſet full of the like Leaves up to the Top, where, at the End of every Branch, comes forth a great prickly Thiſtle-like Head, ftrongly arm’d with Prickles, and with bright purple Thrumbs riſing out of the Middle: After they are paſt, the Seed groweth in the ſaid Heads, lying in ſoft white Down, which is ſomewhat flattifh and hining, large and brown. The Rootſis great, ſpreading in the Ground, and many Strings and Fibres faftened there- All the whole Plant is bitter in Tafte. Place.] It is frequent on the Banks of almoſt every Ditch. Time. It flowereth and feedeth in June, July, and Augufl. Government and Virtues.] Our Lady's Thiſtle is under jupiter, and thought to be as effectual as Carduus Benedi&tus for Agues, and to prevent and cure the Infection ef the Plague, as alſo to open Obſtructions of the Liver and Spleen, and thereby is good againſt the Jaundice. It provoketh Urine, Agues, Plague, Objtruc- breaketh and expelleth the tone, tion, Liver, Spleen, Drop- and is good for the Dropfy. It is by, Stitches in the sides, effectual alſo for the Pains in the Liver. Sides, and many other inward Pains and Gripings. The Seed and diftilled Water are held powerful unto. P A 332 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Defcript.) powerful to all the purpoſes aforeſaid, and beſides, it is often applied both inwardly to drink, and outwardly with Cloths or Spunges, to the Region of the Liver, to cool the Diftem- per thereof, and to the Region of the Heart, againſt Swoon- ings and Paffions of it. It cleanſeth the Blood exceedingly; and in Spring, if you pleaſe to boil the tender Plant (but cut off the Frickles, unleſs you have a Mind to choak yourſelf) it will change your Blood as the Seaſon changeth, and that's the Way to be ſafe. The Woollen, or Cotton Thiſtle. THIS hath many large Leaves lying upon the Ground, fomewhat cut in,and as it were crun- pled on the Edges, of a green Colour on the upper Side, but covered over with a long hairy Wool or Cotton Down, fet with moit ſharp and cruel Pricks; from the Middle of whoſe Heads of Flowers come forth manypurpleifh crimſon Threads, and ſometimes white, although but feldom. The Seed that followeth in thoſe white downy Heads, is ſomewhat large and round, reſembling the Seed of Lady's Thiſtle, but paler: The Root is great and thick, ſpreading much, yet uſually di- eth after Seed-time. Place.] It groweth on divers Ditch-Banks, and in the Corn-Fields and Highways, generally throughout the Land, and is often growing in Gardens. Government and Virtues.] It is a Plant of Mars. Dioſcorides and Pliny write, That the Leaves and Roots hereof taken in Drink, help thoſe that have a Crick in their Neck, that they cannot turn it, unleſs they turn Crick in the Neck, Spaſm, 'the r whole Body. Galen faith, Convulſions, Rickets. That the Roots and Leaves hereof are good for ſuch Perſons that have their Bodies drawn together by fome Spaſm or Con- valfin, or other Infirmities; as the Rickets (or as the College of Phyficians would have it, Rachites, about which Name they have quarrelled fuficiently) in Children, being a Diſeaſe that hindereth their Growth, by binding their Nerves, Ligaments, and whole Structure of their Body. The Fuller's Thiſtle, or Teaſle. It is so well known that it needs no Deſcription, being with . The The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 333 The Wild Teafle is in all Things like the former, but that the Prickles are ſmall, ſoft, and upright, not hooked or ſtiff, and the Flowers of this are of a fine blueiſh, or pale Carna- tion Colour, but of the manured Kind, whitiſh. Place.] The firſt groweth, being fown, in Gardens or Fields for the Uſe of Cloth-workers: The other near Ditches and Rills of Water in many places of this Land. Time.] They flower in July, and are ripe in the End of Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Venus. Diofcon rides faith, that the Root bruiſed and boiled in Wine, till it be thick, and kept in a brazen Veſſel cr Pot, and after ſpread as a Salve, and applied to the Fundament, doth heal the Cleft thereof; as alfo Cankers and Fiftulas therein, and alſo taketh away Warts and Wens. The Juice of the Leaves dropped Fiſtulas, Warts, Clefts, into the Ears, killeth Worms in Cankers, Wens, Worms in them. The diſtilled Water of the the Ears, Sight, Redneſs in Leaves dropped into the Eyes, the Face, Inflammation. taketh away Redneſs and Miſts in them, that hinder the Sight, and is often uſed by Women to preſerve their Beauty, and to take away Redneſs and Infiam- mations, and all other Heat or Diſcolourings. Treacle Muſtard, Deſcript.] T riſeth with a hard round Stalk, about a Foot high, parted into ſome Branches, having divers foft green Leaves,long and narrow ſet thereon, waved, but not cut into the Edges, broadeft towards the Ends,fomewhat round pointed ; the Flowers are white that grow at the Tops of the Branches, Spike-faſhion, one above another; after which come round Pouches, parted in the Middle with a Furrow, having one blackiſh brown Seed on either Side, ſomewhat ſharp in Taile, and ſmelling of Garlick, eſpecially in the Fields where it is natural, but not ſo much in Gardens : The Roots are ſmall and thready, periſhing every Year. . Give me Leave here to add Mithridate Muitard, although it may ſeem more properly by the Name to belong to M, in the Alphabet. Mithridate Muſtard. ] HIS groweth higher than theformer, ſpreading more and higher Branches, whoſe Leaves are P5 ſmaller a Deſcript.) T 334 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. ſmaller and narrower, ſometimes unevenly dented about the Edges. The Flowers are ſmall and white, growing on long Branches, with much ſmaller and rounder Veſſels after them, and parted in the fame Manner, having ſmaller brown Seeds than the former, and much ſharper in Tafte. TheRoot perish- eth after Seed-time, but abideth the firſt Winter after ſpringing. Place.] They grow in ſundry Places in this Land, as Half a Mile from Hatfield, by the River-ſide, under a Hedge as you go to Hatfield, and in the Street of Peckam on Surry Side. Time.] They flower and feed from May to Auguft. Government and Virtues.] Both of them are Herbs of Mars. The Muſtards are ſaid to purge the Body both upwards and downwards, and procureth Wo- Purge the Body, Terms mens Courſes fo abundantly, that provokes, Impofthumes, it ſuffocateth the Birth. It breaketh Sciatica, Poiſon, Venom, inward Impoſthumes, being taken Putrefaction. inwardly; and uſed in Clyfters, helpeth the Sciatica. The Seed applied, doth the ſame. It is an eſpecial Ingredient unto Mithridate and Treacle, being of itſelf an Antidote reſiſting Poiſon, Venom and Putrefaction. It is alſo available in many Caſes for which the common Muſtard is uſed, but ſome- what weaker.. The Black Thorn, or Sloe-Buſh. T is ſo well known, that it needeth no Deſcription. Place.] It groweth in every County in the Hedges and Borders of Fields. Time.] It flowereth in April, and ſometimes in March, but ripeneth the Fruit after all other Plumbs whatſoever, and is not fit to be eaten until the Autumn Froſt mellow them. Government and Virtues.] All the Parts of the Sloe Buſh are binding, cooling and dry, and all effectual to ſtay Bleed- ing at the Noſe and Mouth, or any other Place; the Lars of the Belly or Stomach, or the Binds,cools, dries, Bleed- Bloody Flux, the too much a- ing, Flux. bounding of Womens Courſes, and helpeth to eaſe the Pains of the Sides, Bowels and Guts, that come by over-much ſcowering, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 335 а to drink the Decoction of the Bark of the Roots, or more uſually the Decoction of the Berries, either freſh or dried. The Conſerve alſo is of very much Uſe, and more familiarly taken for the Purpoſe aforeſaid. But the diſtilled Water of the Flowers firſt ſteeped in Sack for a Night, and drawn there- from by the Heat of Balneum, Auglicè, a Bath, is a moit certain Remedy, tried and approved, to eaſe all Manner of Gnawings in the Stomach, the Sides and Bowels, or any gri- ping Pains in any of them, to drink a ſmall Quantity when the Extre- Gnawing in the Bowels mity of Pain is upon them. The and Stomach, fore Mouth Leaves alſo are good to make Lo- and Throat. tions to gargle and waſh the Mouth and Throat wherein are Swellings, Sores, or Kernels; and to ſtay the Defluxions of Rheum to the Eyes, or other Parts ; as . alſo to cool the Heat and Inflammations of them, and to eaſe hot Pains of the Head, to bathe the Forehead and Temples therewith. The ſimple diſtilled Water of the Flowers is very effectual for the ſaid Purpoſes, and the condenſate Juice of the Sloes. The diſtilled Water of the green Berries is uſed alſo for the ſaid Effects. a Thorough Wax, or Thorough-Leaf. Deſcript.] Coo Ommon Thorough-Wax fendeth forth a ſtrait round Stalk, two Feet high, or becter, whoſe lower Leaves being of a blueíh Colour, are ſmaller and nar- rower than thoſe up higher, and ſtand cloſe thereto, not com- paffing it; but as they grow higher, they do more encompaſs the Stalks, until it wholly paſs through them, branching to- wards the Top into many Parts, where the Leaves grow ſma!- ler again, every one ſtanding ſingly, and never two at a Joint. The Flowers are ſmall and yellow, ftanding in Tufts at the Heads of the Branches, where alterwards grow the Seed, be- ing blackiſh, many thick, thruit together. The Root is ſmall, long and woody, perihing every Year, after Seed-time, and rifing again plentifully of its own ſowing. Place.] It is found growing in many Corn-fields and Paf- ture-grounds in this Land. Time.] It Powereth in July, and the Seed is ripe in Auguft. Temperature and Virtues ] Both this and the former are under the Influence of Saturn. Thorough-Wax is of Angular good Ure 336 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. out, IT Uſe for all sorts of Bruiſes and Wounds either inward or out- ward; and old Ulcers and Sores likewiſe, if the Decoction of the Herb with Water and Wine be drank, and the Place waſh- ed therewith, or the Juice of the Bruiſes,Wounds, Ulcers, green Herb bruiſed, or boiled, ei- Ruptures, Navel flicking ther by itſelf, or with other Herbs, in Oil or Hogs Greaſe, to be made into an Ointment to ſerve all the Year. The Decoction of the Herb, or Powder of the dried Herb, taken inwardly, and the ſame, or the Leaves bruiſed, and ar plied outwardly, is fingularly good for all Ruptures and Burſtings, eſpecially in Children, before they be too old. Being applied with a little Flour and Wax to Childrens Na- vels that ſtick forth, it helpeth them. Thyme. T is in vain to deſcribe an Herb ſo commonly known. Government and Virtues.] It is a noble Strengthener of the Lungs, as notable a one as grows; neither is there ſcarce Lungs, the Chin-cough, Diſeaſe in Children which they a better Remedy growing, for that Phlegm, Shortneſs of commonly call the Chin - cough, Breath, Worms, Terms than it is. It purgeth the Body of provokes, Jafe and ſpeedy Phlegm, and is an excellent Reme- , Delivery to Women in Travail , After birth, bot dy for Shortneſs of Breath. It . kills Worms in the Belly, and be- Swellings, Warts, Scia- ing a notable Herb of Venus, pro- tica, Sight, Spleen, Gout, vokes the Terms, gives fafe and Cods Jwelled, Lcins and Hips, Stomach, expels fpeedy Delivery to women in Tra- vail, and brings away the After- Wind. birth. It is fo harmlefs you need not fear the Uſe of it. An Cintment made of it takes away hot Swellings and Warts, helps the Sciatica and Dulneſs of Sight, and takes away Pains and Hardneſs of the Spleen: Tisexcellent good for thoſe that are troubled with the Gout; as alſo to anoint the Cods that are ſwelied. It eaſeth Pains in the Loins and Hips. The Herb taken any way inwardly, comfcits the Stonach much, and expels Wind. Wild Thyme, or Mother of Thyme. ILD THYME alſo is ſo well known, that it needeth no Deſcription I lace. ] W". The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 337 Place.] It may be found commonly in Commons, and other barren Places throughout the Nation. Government and Virtues.] This is alſo under the Dominion of Venus, though under the Sign Aries ; and therefore chiefly appropriated to the Head. It pro. Urine provokes, Terms voketh Urine and the Terms, and eaſeth the griping Pain of the Belly, provokes, Pains and Grip- Cramps, Ruptures, and Inflamma” ing of the Belly, Cramps, tion of the Liver. If Ruptures, Inflammations, you make a Vinegar of the Herb, as Vinegar Head, Frenzies, Lethar- Liver, Pains of the of Roſes is made (you may find out , the Way in my Tranſlation of the gies, Blood, Coughing, London Diſpenſatory) and anoint the Vomitting, Head ſtreng- theneth, Stomach, Reins, Head with it, it preſently ſtops the Womb, Wind, Stone, Pains thereof. It is excellent good to be given either in Phrenzy or Lethargy, althouth they are two contrary Diſeaſes : It helps Spitting and Piſſing of Blood, Coughing, and Vomiting; it comforts and ftrengthens the Head, Stomach, Reins, and Womb, expels Wind, and breaks the Stone. Defcript.) T Hiling from the Root, lying on the Ground, Tormentil, or Septfoil. HIS hath reddiſh, fiender, weak Branches riſing , rather leaning than ftanding upright, with many ſhort Leaves that ſtand cloſer to the Staiks than Cinquefoil (to which this is very like) with the Footſtalk compafing the Branches in ſeveral Places; but thoſe that grow to the Ground are ſet upon long Footfalks, each whereof are like the Leaves of Cinque- foil, but ſomewhat long and leſſer, dented about the Edges, many of them divided but into five Leaves, but moſt of them into ſeven, whence it is alſo called Septfoil; yet ſome may have fix, and ſome eight, according to the Fertility of the Soil. At the Tops of the Branches ſtand divers ſmail yellow Flowers, conſiſting of five Leaves, like thoſe of Cinquefoil, but ſmaller. The Root is ſmaller than Biſtort, ſomewhat thick, but blacker without, and not fo red within, yet fome- times a little crooked, having blackiſh Fibres thereat. Place.] It groweth as well in Woods and ſhadowy Places, as in the open Champion Country, about the Borders of Fields in many places of this Land, and almoſt in every Broom Field in Efex. Time.] 333 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Time.] It flowereth all the Summer long. Government and Virtues.] This is a gallant Herb of the Sun. Tormentil is moſt excellent to ſtay all kind of Flaxes of Blood or Humours in Man or Woman, whether at Noſe, Flux, Bleedings, Veins Mouth, or Belly, or any Wind in cut, Terms ſtops, Fevers, of the Herb or Root, taken in the Veins or elſewhere. The Juice Peſtilence, Small Pox, Drink, not only refifteth all Poiſon Meaſles, Purples, Poiſon, and Venom of any Creature, but Spleen, Blood inflamed, of the Plague itſelf , and Peſtilen- Liver, Lungs, Yellow tial Fevers, and contagious Dif- Jaundice, French Pox, eaſes, as the Pox, Meaſles, Purples, Miſcarriages, Diabetes, Worms, Rupture, Tooth- &c. expelling the Venom and In- fection from the Heart by Sweat- ach,Wounds, Sores, Hurt, ing. If the green Root be not at Gout, ſcabby Head. Hand to be had, the Powder of the dry Root is as effe ftual, a Drachm thereof being taken every Morning. The Decoction likewiſe of the Herb and Roots made in Wine and drank, worketh the ſame Effect; and ſo the diſtilled Water of the Herb and Root, be ng ſteeped in Wine for a Night, and then diſtilled in Balneo Maria. The Waier thus diſtilled, taken with ſome Venice Treacle, and the Party preſently laid to ſweat, certainly (with God's Help) expels any Venom or Poiſon, or the Plague, Fever, &c. for it is an Ingredient of ſpecial Reſpect in all Anti- dotes, or Counter Poiſons. There is not found any Root more effectual to help any Flux of the Belly, Stomach, Spleen, or Blood, than this, to be taken inwardly, or applied outwardly. The Juice taken doth wonderfully open Ob- ſtructions of the Liver and Lungs, and thereby in a ſhort Space helpeth the Yellow Jaundice; ſome uſe to make Cakes hereof, as well to ſtay all Fluxes, as to reſtrain all cholerick Belchings, and much Vomitings, with Loathings in the Stomach. The Powder of the dried Root made up with the White of an Egg, and baked upon an hot Tile, will do it. Andreas Valefius is of Opinion, that the Decoction of this Rcotis no leſs eilectual to cure the French Pox, than Guaia- cum or China; and it is not unlikely, becauſe it fo mightily rififieth Putrefaction. Lobal faith, that Fondeliiius uſed it as Hermedabiyls for Joint-aches; the Powder alſo or Decoction to be drank, or to fit therein as a Bath, is an aſſured Remedy again The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 339 againſt Abortion in Women, if it proceed from the over Flexibility, or Weakneſs of the inward retentive Faculty ; as alſo a Plaifter made therewith, and Vinegar applied to the Reins of the Back, doth much help not only this, but alſo thoſe that cannot hold their Water, the Powder being taken in the Juice of Plantain, and is alſo commended againſt the Worms in Children. It is very powerful in Ruptures and Burſtings, as alſo for Bruiſes and Falls, to be uſed as well outwardly as inwardly. The Root hereof made up with Pellitory of Spain and Allum, and put into an hollow Tooth, not only afſwageth the Pain, but ſtayeth the Flux of Humours which cauſeth it. Tormentil is no leſs effectual and powerful a Remedy againſt outward Wounds, Sores and Hurts, than for inward, and is therefore a ſpecial Ingredient to be aſed in Wound drinks, Lotions and Injections, for foul cor- rupt rotten Sores and Ulcers of the Mouth, Secrets, or other Parts of the Body. And to put either the Juice or Powder of the Root in ſuch Ointments, Plaiſters and ſuch Things that are to be applied to Wounds or Sores. It alſo diffolveth all Knots, Kernels, and Hardneſs, gathered about the Ears and Throat, and Jaws, and the King's Evil, if the Leaves and Roots be bruiſed and applied thereto. The ſame alſo eareth the pain of the Sciatica or Hip-Gout, by reſtraining the ſharp Humours that flow thereto. The Juice of the Leaves and the Root uſed with a little Vinegar, is alſo a ſpecial Remedy againſt the running Sores of the Head or other Parts ; Scabs alſo, and the Itch, or any ſuch Eruptions in the Skin, proceed- ing of ſalt and ſharp Humours. The ſame is alſo effectual for the Piles, or Hæmorrhoids, if they be waſhed or bathed therewith, or with the diſtilled Water of the Herb and Roots. It is found alſo helpful to dry up any ſharp Rheum that di- ftilleth from the Head into the Eyes, cauſing Redneſs, Pain, Waterings, Itching, or the like, if a little prepared Tutia, or White Amber, be uſed with the diſtilled Water thereof. Many Women uſe this Water as a Secret to help themſelves and others, when they are troubled with too much flowing of the Whites or Reds, both to drink it, or inject it with a Syringe. And here's enough; only remember the Sun chal- lengeth the Herb. a a Turnfole, 340 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . Turnſole, or Heliotropium, Defcript.) T HE greater Turnfole riſeth with one upright. Stalk, about a Foot high, or more,dividing it. felf almoſt from the Bottom, into divers ſmall Branches, of a hoary Colour ; at each Joint of the Stalk and Branches grow ſmall broad Leaves, fomewhat white or hoary. At the 'Tops of the Stalks and Branches ſtand ſmall white Flowers, conſiſt- ing of four, and ſometimes five ſmall Leaves, fet in order one . above another, upon a ſmall crooked Spike, which turneth in- ward like a bowed Finger, opening by Degrees as the Flowers blow open; after which in their Places come forth corner'd ; Seed, four for the moſt Part ſtanding together; the Root is ſmall and thready, periſhing every Year, and the Seed fhed- ing every Year, raileth it again the next Spring. Place.] It groweth in Gardens, and flowereth and feedeth with us in England, notwithſtanding it is not natura! to this Land, but to Italy, Spain,and France,where it grows plentifully. Government and Virtues.] 'Tis an Herb of the Sun, and a good one too. Dioſcorides faith, that a good Handful of this, which is called the Great Turnſole, boiled in Water, and drank, purgeth both Choler and Choler,Phlegm, Stone, Phlegm; and boiled with Cummin, , Dyſury, Terms pro- helpeth the Stone in the Reins, Kid- vokes, Gout, Warts, neys, or Bladder, provoketh Urine Wens, Disjunctures. and Womens Courſes, and cauſeth an eaſy and ſpeedy Delivery in Child- birth. The Leaves bruiſed and applied to Places pained with the Gout, or that have been out of Joint, and newly fet, are full of Pain, do give much Eaſe; the Seed and Juice of the Leaves alſo being rubbed with a little Salt upon Warts or Wens, and other Kernels in the Face, Eye-lids, or any other Part of the Body, will, by often uſing, take them away. Meadow Trefoil, or Honeyſuckles. I Tis ſo well known, eſpecially by the Name of Honey- fuckles, White and Red, that I need not deſcribe them. Place.] They grow almoſt every where in the Land. Government and Virtues.] Mercury hath Dominion over the common Sorts. Dodoneus faith, The Leaves and Flowers are good to eaſe the griping Pains of the Gout, the Herb being The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 341 a being boiled and uſed in a Clyfter. Belly-achs, Inflamma- If the Herb be made into a Poultice, tions, Pin andWeb, Eyes. and applied to Inflammations, it will eaſe them. The Juice dropped in the Eyes, is a familiar Medicine, with many Country People, to take away the Pin and Web (as they call it) in the Eyes ; it alſo allayeth the Heat and Blood-fhooting of them. Country People do alſo in many places drink the Juice thereof againſt the biting of an Adder; and having boiled the Herb in Water, they firſt waſh the Place with the Decoction, and then lay ſome of the, Herb alſo to the hurt Place. The Herb alſo boiled in Swine's Greaſe, and ſo made into an Ointment, is good to apply to the biting of any venomous Creatures. The Herb alſo bruiſed and heated between Tiles, and applied hot to the Share, cauſeth them to make Water who had it ſtopt before. It is held likewiſe to be good for Wounds, and to take away Seed. Venomous Beaſts, Dyſury, The Decoction of the Herb and Wounds, Shares, Whites, Flowers, with the Seed and Root, Swellings, Impoſthumes. taken for ſome Time, helpeth Women that are troubled with the Whites. The Seed and Flowers boiled in Water, and after made into a Poultice with fome Oil, and applied, helpeth hard Swellings and Impoft- humes. Heart Trefoil. BE Efides the ordinary Sort of Trefoil, here are two more remarkable, and one of which may probably be called Heart Trefoil, not only becauſe the Leaf is triangular, like the Heart of a Man, but alſo becauſe each Leaf contains the perfect Icon of a Heart, and that in its proper Colour, viz. a Fleſh Colour. Place.) It groweth in a Field between Longford and Bozu, and alſo beyond Scuthwark toward Croydon, both by the Highway and Parts adjacent. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Dominion of the Sun, and if it were uſed, it would be found as great a Strengthener Heart Arengtheneth, vital of the Heart, and cheriſher of the Spirits, Fainting, Swooning, vital Spirits, as grows, relieving Poiſon, Peftilence, evil Va- the Body againſt Fainting, and pours, $woonings, 342 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Swoonings,fortifying it againſt Poiſon and Peſtilence, and de- fending the Heart againſt the noiſome Vapours of the Spleen. Pearl Trefoyle. IT T differs not from the common Sort, fave only in this one Farticular, it hath a white Spot in the Leaf like a Pearl. It is particularly under the Do- Pin and Web in the Eyes. minion of the Moon, and its Icon ſheweth that it is of fingular Vir- tue againſt the Pearl, or Pin and Web in the Eyes. Tutſan, or Park Leaves. Deſcript.]TT hath browniſh ſhining round Stalks, creſted the II Length thereof, rifing two by two, and ſome- times three Feet high, branching forth even from the Bottom, having divers Joints, and at each of them two fair large Leaves ftanding, of a dark blueiſh green Colour on the upper Side, , and of a yellowiſh green anderneath, turning reddiſh towards Autumn. At the Tops of the Stalks ſtand large yellow Flow- ers, and Heads with Seed, which being greenith at the firſt, and afterwards reddiſh, turn to be of a blackiſh purple Colour when they are ripe, with ſmall browniſh Seed within them, and they yield a reddiſh Juice or Liquor, ſomewhat reſinous, and of a harſh and ſtypick Taſte, as the Leaves alſo and the Flowers be, altho' much leſs, but do not yield ſuch a clear Claret Wine Colour as ſome fay it doth; the Root is brownish, fomewhat great, hard and woody, ſpreading wellin the Ground. Place.] It groweth in many Woods, Groves, and woody Grounds, as Parks and Foreſts, and by Hedge-ſides in many Places in this Land; as in Hampſtead Wood, by Ratley in Eſex, in the Wild of Kent, and in inany other places needleſs to recite. Time.] It flowereth later than St. John's or St. Peter's wort. Guvernment and Virtues.] It is an Herb of Soturn, and a moſt noble Antivenerean Tutſan purgeth cholerick Hu- mours, as St. Peter's-avort is ſaid to Choler, Sciatica, Gout, do, for therein it worketh the ſame Burnings, Bleeding, Effects, both to help the Sciarica and , Gout, and to heal burning by Fire ; it itayeth all the Bleedings of Wounds if The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 343 now, as a ITH if either the green Herb be bruiſed, or the Powder of the dry be applied thereto. It hath been accounted, and certainly it is, a ſovereign Herb to heal either Wound or Sore, either outwardly or inwardly, and therefore always uſed in Drinks, Lotions, Balms, Oils, Ointments, or any other Sorts of green Wounds, or old Ulcers or Sores, in all which the continual Experience of former Ages hath confirmed the Uſe thereof co be admirable good, though it be not ſo much in Uſe when Phyſicians and Chirurgeons were ſo wiſe as to uſe Herbs more than now they do. Garden Valerian. Defcript.] HIS hath a thick ſhort greyiſh Root, lying for the moſt part above Ground, ſhooting forth en all other Sides ſuch like ſmall Pieces of Roots, which have all of them many long, great Strings and Fibres under them in the Ground, whereby it draweth Nouriſhment. From the Head of theſe Roots ſpring up many green Leaves, which at firfrare ſomewhat broad and long, without any Diviſions at all in them, or denting on the Edges; but thoſe that riſe up after are more and more divided on each Side, fome to the middle Rib, being winged, as made of many Leaves together on a Stalk, and thoſe upon a Stalk, in like manner more divided, but ſmaller towards the Top than below; the Stalk riſeth to be a Yard high or more, ſometimes branched at the Top, with many ſmall whitiſh Flowers, ſometimes daſhed over at the Fdges with a pale purpleiſh Colour, of a little Scent; which paſſing away, there followeth ſmall browniſh white Seed, that is eaſily carried away with the Wind. The Root ſmelleth more ſtrong than either Leaf (r Flower, and is of more Uſe in Medicines. Place.] It is generally kept with us in our Gardens. Time.] It fowereth in June and July, and continueth flow- ering until the Froſt pull it down. Givernment and Virtues.] 'I his alſo is under the Influence of Mercu'y. Diofcorides faith, that the Garden Valerian hath a warming Faculty, and that being dried and given to drink it provoketh Urine, and helpeth the Strangury. The Decoction Dyfury, Strançury, Stitch, thereof taken, doth the like Terms provokes, Breaft, alſo, and taketh away Pains of port Wind, Cough,Phlegna, the Sides, provoketh Womens peftilence, Wird. Courſes, a 344 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Courſes, and is uſed in Antidotes. Pliny faith, That the . Powder of the Root given in Drink, or the Decoétion thereof taken, helpeth all Stoppings and Stranglings in any Part of the Rody, whether they proceed of Pains in the Cheit, or Sides, and taketh them away. The Root of Valerian boiled with Liquorice, Raiſins and Annifeed, is fingular good for thoſe that are ſhort-winded, and for thoſe that are troubled with the Cough, and helpeth to open the Paſſages, and to expectorate Phlegm eaſily. It is given to thoſe that are bitten or ftung by any venomous Creature, being boiled in Wire. It is of a ſpecial Virtue againſt the Plague, the Decoction thereof being drank, and the Root being ufed to ſmell to. It helpeth to expel the Wind in the Belly. The green Herb with the Root taken freſh, being braiſed and applied to the Head, taketh away the Pains and Head-ach, Eys, Pin and Prickings there, itayeth Rheum Web, Wounds, Splinters, and thin Diſtillations, and being Thorns. boiledin White Wine, and a Drop thereof put into the Eye, taketh away the Dimneſs of the Sight, or any Pin or Web therein: It is of excellent Property to healany inward Sores or Wounds, and alſo for outward Hurts or Wounds, and drawing away Splinters or Thorns out of the Fleſh. Vervain, Deſcript.] THEcommon Vervainhath fomewhat long broad TH Leaves next the Ground deeply gathed about the Edges, and ſome only deeply dented, or cut all alike, of a blackili green Colour on the upper Side, ſomewhat grey un- , derneath. The Ştalk is fquare, branched into ſeveral Parts, riſing about two Feet high, eſpecially if you reckon the long Spike of Flowers at the Tops of them, which are ſet on all Sides one above another, and ſometimes two or three toge- ther, being ſmall and gaping, of a blue Colour and white in- termix'd, after which come ſmall round Seed, in ſmall and ſomewhat long Heads: The Root is ſmall and long, but of no uſe. Place.] It groweth generally throughout this Land in die vers Places of the Hedges and Way-ſides, and other waſte Grounds. Time.] It flowereth about July, and the Seed is ripe foon after. Govern- The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 345 Government and Virtues.] This is alſo an Herb of Venus, and an excellent Herb for the Womb, to ſtrengthen it, and remedy all the cold Griefs of it, as Plantain doth the hot; the Herb bruiſed and hung about the Neck, helps the Head- ach. Vervain is hot and dry, biting, opening Obſtructions, cleanſing and healing; it helpeth the Yellow Jaundice, the Dropſy, Obſtructions, Cleanfing, and the Gout, the Defects of the Healing, Yellow Jaundice, Reins and Lungs, and generally venomous Beaſts, Peſtilence, all inward Pains and Tormentsef Agues, Worms, Cough, , the Body, the Leaves being boiled Shortneſs of Breath,Wherz- and drank. The fame is held to ings, Stone, Gravel, Reins, be good againſt the Biting of Bladder, Womb, Droply, , Serpents, and other venomous Bleeding, Wounds, Ulcers, Beaks; and againſt the Plague, Fiftulai, Heod-ach, and both Tertian and Quartan Frenzy, Morphew, Freckles, Agues, killeth and expelleth Eyes. Worms in the Belly, and cauſeth a good Colour in the Face and Body, ſtrengtheneth as well as correcteth the Diſeaſes of the Liver and Spleen, is very effectual in all Diſeaſes of the Stomach and Lungs, Cough, Shortneſs of Breath, and Wheezings, and is fingular good againſt the Dropſy, to be drank with ſome Peony-feed bruiſed and put thereto, and is no leſs prevalent for the Defects of the Reins and Bladder, to cleanſe them of thoſe Humours that engender the Stone, and helpeth to break the Stone; and to expel Gravel. It conſolidateth and healeth alſo all Wounds, both inward and outward, and ſtayeth Bleedings, and uſed with ſome Honey, healeth all od Ulcers and Fittulas in the Legs or other Parts of the Body; as alſo thoſe Ulcers that happen in the Mouth; or uſed with Hogs-greaſe, it helpeth the Swellings and Pains of the Secret Parts in Manor Woman, as alſo for the Piles or Hæmorrhoids; applied with ſome Oil of Roſes and Vinecar unto the Forehead and Temples, it caleth the inveterate Pains and Ach of the Head, and is good for thoſe that are frantick. The Leaves bruiled, or the Juice of them mixed with fome Vinegar, doch wonderfully cleanſe the Skin, and taketh away Morphew, Freckles, Fiftulas, and other fuch like Inflammations and Deformities of the Skin in any Part of the Body. The diſtilled Water of the Herb when it is in fuli Strength, dropped into the Eyes, cleanſeth them from Films, Clouds, or Milts, that darken the Sight, and wonder 34 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. TH a wonderfully ſtrengthen the Optick Nerves : The faid Water is very powerful in all Diſeaſes aforeſaid, either inward or outward, whether they be old corroding Sores, or green Wounds. The Vine. HE Leaves of the Engliſh Vine (I do not mean to ſend you to the Cararies for a Medicine) being boiled, make a good Lotion for fore Mouths ; being boiled with Barley- meal into a Poultice, it cools Inflammations of Wounds; the dropping of the Vine, when it is cut in the Spring, which Country People call Tears, being Sore Mouths, Inflamma- boiled in a Syrup, with Sugar, and tions, Womens Longings, taken inwardly, is excellent to ftay Stone, Teeth black. Womens Longings after every thing they ſee, which is a Diſeaſe many Women with Child are ſubject to, The Decoction of Vine Leaves, in White Wine, doth the like: Alfo the Tears of the Vine, drank, two or three Spoonfuls at a Time, breaks the Stone in the Bladder. This is a very good Remedy, and it is diſcreetly done, to kill a Vine to cure a Man; but the Salt of the Leaves are held to be better. The Aſhes of the burnt Branches will make Teeth that are as black as a Coal, to be as white as Snow, if you but every Morning rub them with it. It is a moft gallant Tree of the Sun, very ſympathetical with the Body of Man, and that is the Reaſon Spirit of Wine is the greateſt Cordial among all Vegetables. Violets. OTH the Tame and the Wild are ſo well known, that they need no Deſcription. Time.) They flower until the End of July, but are beft in March, and the Beginning of April. Government and Virtues.] They are a fine, pleaſing Plant of Venus, of a mild Nature, no Inflammations, Eyes, Womb, way harmful. All the Violets Head-ach, Choler, Quinſ, are cold and moiſt while they are Falling-fickneſs, Swellings, freſh and green, and are uſed to Plurify, Phlegm, Hoarje. cool any Heat, or Diſsemperature neſs, Throat, Back, Reins, of the Body, either inwardly or Bladder, Thirft, Heart. outwardly, as Inflammations in the Bone The Engliſh Phyſician Enlargea 347 the Eyes, in the Matrix or Fundament, in Impofthumes alſo, and hot Swellings, to drink the Decoction of the Leaves and Flowers made with Water in Wine, or to apply them Poul- tice-wiſe to the grieved Places : It likewiſe ealeth Pains in the Head, cauſed through Want of Sleep; or any other Pains ariſing of Heat, being applied in the ſame Manner, or with Oil of Roſes. A Dram Weight of the dried Leaves or Flowers of Violets, but the Leaves more ſtrongly, doth purge the Body of cholerick Humours, and affwagech the Heat, being taken in a Draught of Wine, or any other Drink; the Powder of the purple Leaves of the Flowers, only picked and dried, and drank in Water, is ſaid to help the Quinſy, and the Fall- ing-fickneſs in Children, eſpecially in the Beginning of the Diſeaſe. The Flowers of the White Violets ripen and diffolve Swellings. The Herb or Flower, while they are freſh, or the Flowers when they are dry, are effectual in the Pleuriſy, and all Diſeaſes of the Lungs, to lenify the Sharpneſs of hot Rheums, and the Hoarſeneſs ofthe Throat, the Heat alſo and Sharpneſs of Urine, and all the Pains of the Back or Reins, and Bladder. It is good alſo for the Liver and the Jaundice, and all hot Agues, to cool the Heat, and quench the Thirſt; but the Syrup of Violetsis of moſt Uſe, and of better Effect, being taken in ſome convenient Liquor; and if a little of the Juice or Syrup of Lemons be put to it, or a few Drops of the Oil of Vitriol, it is made thereby the more powerful to cool the Heat, and quench the Thirſt, and giveth to the Drink a Claret-wire Colour, and a fine tart Reliſh, pleaſing the Taſte. Violets taken, or made up with Honey, do more cleanſe and cool, and with Sugar contrary-wiſe. The dried Flowers of Violets are accounted amongſt the Cordial Drinks, Powders, and other Medicines, eſpecially where cooling Cor- dials are neceſſary. The green Leaves are uſed with other Herbs to make Plaiſters and Poultices for Inflammations and Swellings, and to eaſe all Pains whatſoever, ariſing of Heat, and for the Piles alſo, being fried with Yolks of Eggs, and applied thereto. Viper's Bugloſs. Defcrip.] HIS hath many long rough Leaves lying on the Ground, from among which ariſe up divers hard round Stalks, very rough, as if they were thick ſet withPrickles a TO or 348 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a or Hairs, whereon are ſet ſuch like rough, hairy, or prickly fad green Leaves, ſomewhat narrow; the middle Rib for the moſt part being white. The Flowers ſtand at the Top of the Stalk, branched forth in many long-ſpiked Leaves of Flowers, bowing or turning like the Turnfole, all opening for the moſt part on the one side, which are long and hollow, turning up the Brims a little, of a purpleiſh Violet Colour in them that are fully blown, but more reddih while they are in the Bud, as alſo upon their Decay and Withering ; but in fome Places of a paler Purple Colour, with a long Pointel in the Middle, feathered or parted at the Top. After the Flowers are fallen, the Seeds growing to be ripe, are blackih,cornered and point- ed fomewhat like the Head of a Viper. The Root is ſomewhat great and blackiſh, and woolly, when it growth toward Seed time, and periſheth in the Winter. There is another Sort, little differing from the former, only in this, that it beareth white Flowers. Place.] The firſt groweth wild almoſt every where. That with white Flowers about the Caſtle-Walls in Lewes in Suſex. Time.] They flower in Summer, and their . Seed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.] It is a moſt gallant Herb of the Sun; it is a Pity it is no more in Uſe than it is. It is an eſpe- cial Remedy againſt the biting of the Viper, and all other venomous Beaſts, or Serpents; as Venomous Beaft, Poiſon, alſo againſt Poiſon, or poiſonful Heart, Sadnejs, Melan- Herbs. Dioſcorides and others ſay, choly, Agues, Milk. That whoſoever ſhall take of the Herb or Root before they be bit- ten, ſhall not be hurt by the Poiſon of any Serpent. The Root or Seed is thought to be moſt effectual to comfort the Heart, and expel Sadneſs, or cauſeleſs Melancholy; it tempers the Blood, and allayeth hot Fits of Agues. The Seed drank in Wine, procureih abundance of Milk in Womens Breaſts. The ſame alſo being taken, eaſeth Loins, Back, Kidneys, the Pain in the Loins, Back, and Kidneys. The diſtilled Water of the Herb when it is in Flower, or its chief Strength, is excellent to be applied either inwardly or outwardly, for all the Griefs aforeſaid. There is a Syrup made hereof very effectual for the comforting the Heart, and expelling Sadneſs and Melan- choly. Wall The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 349 T Wall Flowers, or Winter Gilliflowers. HE Garden Kind are fo well known, that they need no Deſcription. Deſcript.] The common ſingle Wall flowers, which grow wild abroad, have ſundry ſmall, long, narrow, and dark green Leaves, fet without Order upon ſmall, round, whitiſh woody Stalks, which bear at the Tops divers fingle yellow Flowers one above another, every one bearing four Leaves a piece, and of a very ſweet Scent; after which come long Pods, con- taining a reddiſh Seed. The Roots are white, hard, and thready. Place.] It groweth upon Church Walls, and old Walls of many Houſes, and other Stone Walls in divers Places: The other Sort in Gardens only. Time.] All the ſingle Kinds do flower many Times in the End of Autumn; and if the Winter be mild, all the Winter long, but eſpecially in the Months of February, March, and April, and until the Heat of the Spring do ſpend them. - But the double Kinds continue not flowering in that Manner all the Year long, altho' they flower very early ſometimes, and in ſome Places very late. Government and Virtues.] The Moon rules them. Galen, in his Seventh Book of Simple Medicines, faith, That the Yellow Wall-flowers work more powerfully than any of the other kinds, and are therefore of more Uſe in Phyfick. It cleanſeth the Blood, and freeth the Liver and Reins from Obſtructions, provoketh Obſtruétions, Liver, Womens Courſes, expelleth the Secun- Terms provokes, Afa dine, and the dead Child; helpeth the ter-birth, Child, Hardneſs and Pains of the Mother, and Spleen, Weakneſs, of the Spleen alſo; ſtayeth Inflamma- Disjun&ture, tions and Swellings, comforteth and Sinews, Apoplexy, ſtrengtheneth any weak Part, or out of Palfy. Joint; helpeth to cleanſe the Eyes from Miſtineſs and Films on them, and to cleanſe the filthy Ulcers in the Mouth, or any other Part, and is a fingular Remedy for the Gout, and all Aches and Pains in the Joints and Sinews. A Conſerve made of the Flowers, is uſed for a Remedy both for the Apoplexy and Palſy. Gout, 1 ho 350 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The Walnut Tree. I , a 2 T is ſo well known, that it needeth no Deſcription. and the Fruit is ripe in September. Government and Virtues.] This alſo is a Plant of the Sun. Let the Fruit of it be gathered accordingly, which you ihail find to be of moft Virtues whilſt they are green, before they have Shells. The Bark of the Tree doth bind and dry very much, and the Leaves are much of Binds, Dries, Worms, the fame Temperature; but the Poiſon Epidemic Dif- Leaves,when they are older are heat- eaſes, Inflammations in the Throat, Wounds of ing and drying in the ſecond De- the Sinervos, Gengrenes, when they are freſh, which by rea- gree, and harder of Digeſtion than Carbuncles, Flux, Terms , ſon of their Sweetneſs, are more ftops, Baldneſs, Quinſy, Touth-ach, Cholick, Mo- pleaſing, and better digeſting in the Stomach; ard taken with ſweet ther, Wind, Agues, Deafneſs, Ears. Wine, they move the Belly down- wards, but being old, they grieve the Stomach; and in hot Bodies cauſe the Choler to abound, and the Head-ach, and are an Enemy to thoſe that have the Cough; but are leſs hurtful to thoſe that have a colder Sto- mach, and are ſaid to kill the broad Worms in the Belly or Stomach. If they be taken with Onions, Salt and Honey, they help the biting of a mad Dog, or the Venom, or infecti- . us Poiſon of any Beaft, &c. Cacius Pompeius found in the Treaſury of Mithridates, King of Pontus, when he was over- thrown, a Scroll of his own Hand Writing, containing a Me- dicine againſt any Poiſon and Infection ; which is this: Take . two dry Walnuts, and as many good Figs, and twenty Leaves of Rue, bruiſed and beaten together with two or three Corns of Salt and twenty Juniper Berries, which take every Morn- ing fafting, preſerveth from Danger of Poiſon and Infection that Day it is taken. The Juice of the other green Hulks boiled with Honey, is an excellent Gargle for fore Mouths, or the Heat and Inflammations in the Throat and Stomach. The Kernels, when they grow old, are more oily, and therefore not fit to be eaten, but are then uſed to heal the Wounds of the Sinews, Gangrenes and Carbuncles. The faid Kernels being burned, are then very aftringent, and will a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 351 will ſtay Laſks and Womens Courſes, being taken in Red Wine; and ſtay the falling of the Hair, and make it fair, being anointed with Oil and Wine. The green Huſks will do the like, being uſed in the ſame Manner. The Kernels beaten with Rue and Wine, being applied, helpeth the Quinfy; and bruiſed with fome Honey, and applicd to the Ears, eaſeth the Pains and Inflammations of them. A Piece of the green Huſks put into a hollow Tooth, eaſeth the Pain. The Catkins hereof, taken before they fall off, dried, and given a Drachm thereof in Powder with Which Wine, wonderfully helpeth thoſe that are troubled with the Riſing of the Mother. The 01 that is preſſed out of the Kernels, is very profitably taken inwardly like Oil of Al- monds, to help the Cholick, and to expel Wind very ef- fe&tually; an Ounce or two thereof may be taken at any Time. The young green Nuts taken before they be half ripe, and preſerved with Sugar, are of good Uſe for thoſe that have weak Stomachs, or Defluxions thereo i. The diſtilled Water of the green Huſks, before they be half ripe, , is of excellent Uſe to cool the Heat of Agues, being drank an Ounce or two at a Time; as alſo to reſiſt the Infec- tion of the Plague, if ſome of the ſame be alſo applied to the Sores thereof. The ſame allo cooleth the Heat of green Wounds and old Ulcers, and healeth them, being bathed therewith. The diſtilled Water of the green Hulks being ripe, when they are fhelled from the Nuts, being drank with a little Vinegar, is alſo found by Experience, to be good for thoſe that are infected with the Plague, ſo as be- fore the taking thereof a Vein be opened. The faid Wa. ter is very good againſt the Quinfy, being gargled and bathed therewith, and wonderfully helpeth Deates, the Noiſe and other Pains in the Ears. The diſtilled Water of the young green Leaves in the End of May, performeth a fingular Cure on foul running Ulcers and Sores, to be bathed, with wet Cloths or Spunges applied to them every Morning. Wold, Weld, or Dyer's Weed. HE common Kind groweth buſhing with many Leaves, narrow and flat upon the Ground; of a dark blueiſh green Colour, ſomewhat like unto Woad, but nothing ſo large, Q2 a licde T long 352 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a little crumpled, and as it were round-pointed, which do ſo abide the firit Year; and the next Spring, from among them, rife up divers round Stalks, two or three Feet high, beſet with many ſuch like Leaves thereon, but ſmaller, and thooting forth ſome ſmall Branches, which with the Stalks carry many ſmall yellow Flowers, in a long ſpiked Head at the Top of them, where afterwards come the Seed, which is ſmall and black, incloſed in Heads that are divided at the Tops into four Parts. The Root is long, white, and thick, abiding the Winter. The whole Herb changeth to be yellow, after it hath been in Flower a while. Place.] It groweth every-where by the Way-ſides, in moiſt Grounds as well as dry, in Corners of Fields and Bye-Lanes, and ſometimes all over the Field. In Suflex and Kent they call it Green Weed. Time.] It flowereth about June. Government and Virtues.] Matthio'us faith, That-the Root hereof cureth tough Phlegm, di- Phlegm, Humours, Tu- gefteth raw Phlegm, thinneth groſs mours, venomous Deafts, Humours, diſſolveth hard Tumours, Pefiilence, Wounds. and openeth Obſtructions. Some do highly commend it againſt the Bit- ings of venomous Creatures, to be taken inwardly and ap- plied outwardly to the hurt Place; as alſo for the Plague or Peftilence. The People in fome Counties of this Land, do uſe to bruiſe the Herb, and lay it to Cuts or Wounds in the Hands or Legs, to heal them. Wheat. LL the ſeveral kinds hereof are ſo well known unto al- moſt all People, that it is altogether needleſs to write a Deſcription thereof. Government and Virtues.] It is under Venus. Dioſcorides faith, That to eat the Corn of green Wheat is hurtful to the Stomach, and breedeth Worms. Pliny faith, That the Corn of Wheat, roaſted upon an Iron Pan, and eaten, are a preſent Remedy for thoſe that are chilled with Cold, The Oil preſſed from Wheat, be- Cold, TettersRingworms, tween two thick Plates of Iron, Ulcers, Chops in the or Copper heated, healeth all Hands and Feet, mad Tetters and Ringworms, being Dogs, Eyes, King's Evil, uſed warm; and hereby Galen A faith, The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 353 faith, He hath known many to be Sinews, Peſtilence, Scabs, cured. Matthiolus commendeth Leprojj, venoznous Beats, the ſame to be put into hollow Ul- Cods, Hoarſeneſs. cers, to heal them up, and it is good for Chops in the Hands and Feet, and to make rugged Skin ſmooth. The green Corns of Wheat being chewed, and applied to the Place bitten by a mad Dog, heal it ; Slices of Wheat Bread ſoaked in Red Roſe-water, and applied to the Eyes that are hot, red and inflamed, or blood thotten, helpeth them. Hot Bread applied for an Hour, at Times, for three Days together, perfectly healeth the Kernels in the Throat, commonly called the King's Evil. The Flour of Wheat nix- ed with the Juice of Henbane, ſtay the Flux of Humours to the Joints, being laid thereon. 'The faid Meal boiled in Vinegar, helpeth the Shrinking of the Sinews, faith Pliny ; and mixed with Vinegar, and boiled together, healeth all Freckles, Spots and Pimples on the face. Wheat Flour, mixed with the Yolk of an Egg, Honey and Turpentine, doth draw, cleanſe and heal any Boil, Plague Sore, or foul Ulcer. The Bran of Wheat Meal fteeped in ſharp Vinegar, and then bound in a Linen Cloth, and rubbed on thoſe Places that have the Scurf, Morphew, Scabs or Leproſy, will take them away, the Body being firſt well purged and prepared. The Decoction of the Bran of Wheat or Barley, is of good Uſe to bathe thoſe Places that are burften by a Rupture; and the faid Bran boiled in good Vinegar, and applied to ſwollen Breaſts, helpeth them, and ſtayeth all Inflammations. It helpeth alſo the Biting of Vipers (which I take to be no other than our Englib Adder) and all other Venomous Creatures. The Leaves of Wheat Meal, applied with ſome Salt, take away Hardneſs of the Skin, Warts, and hard Knots in the Fleſh. Starch moiſtened with Roſe-water, and laid to the Cods, taketh away their Itching. Wafters put in Water, and . drank, ſtayeth the Lalks and Bloody Flux, and are profitably uſed both inwardly and outwardly for the Ruptures in Chil- dren. Boiled in Water unto a thick Jelly, and taken, it ftayeth ſpitting of Blood; and boiled with Mint and Butter, it helpeth the Hoarſeneſs of the Throat. R 3 The 354 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. The Willow Tree. T: HESE are ſo well known that they need no Deſcription; I ſhall therefore only ſhew you the Virtues thereof. Government and Virtues.] The Moon owns it. Both the Stanch Bleeding. Spitting uſed to ſtanch Bleeding of Wounds, Leaves, Bark, and the Seed, are vf BloodFluxes of Blood, and at Mouth and Nofe, ſpitting Yumiting, Diſtillations on of Blood, and other Fluxes of the Lungs, Wind Cholick, Blood in Man or Woman, ard to Heat of Luft, Dimneſs of ſtayVomiting, and Provocation there- Sight, and other Diſeajes unto, if the Decoction of them in in the Eyes, clear the Face Wine be drank. It helpeth alſo to dry up Humours, Warts, Corns&o fuperfluous Fleſh lations from the Head upon the ſtay thin, hot, ſharp, falt Diftil- Scurfor Dandrif Fezer. Lungs, cauſing a Conſumption. The Leaves bruiſed with ſome Pepper, and drank in Wine, helps much the Wind Cholick. The Leaves bruiſed and boil- ed'in Wine, and drank, ſtayeth the Heat of Luft in Man or Woman, and quite extinguiſheth it, if it be long uſed: The Seed is alſo of the ſame ffect. The Water that is gathered from the Willow, when it flowereth, the Bark being ſlit, and a Veſſel fitting to receive it, is very good for Redneſs and Dimneſs of Sight, or Films that grow over the Eyes, and ftay the Rheums that fall into them; to provoke Urine, being ftopped, if it be drank; to clear the Face and Skin from Spots and Diſcolourings. Galen faith, The Flowers have an admirable Faculty in drying up Humours, being a Medicine without any Sharpneſs or Corroſion ; you may boil them in White Wine, and drink as much as you will (ſo you drink not yourſelf drunk. The Bark works the ſame Effects, if uſed in the ſame Manner, and the Tree hath always a Bark upon it, though not always Flowers; the burnt Aſhes of the Bark being mixed with Vinegar, taketh away Warts, Corns, and fuperfluous Fleln, being applied to the Place. The Decoc- tion of the Leaves or Bark in Wine, takes away Scarf and Dandriff by waſhing the place with it. 'Tis a fine cool Tree, the Boughs of which are very convenient to be placed in the Chamber of one fick of a fever. Woad. a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 355 Seed is ripe. Woad. Defcript.] IT hath divers large Leaves, long, and ſomewhat broad withal, like thoſe of the greater Plantain, but larger, thicker, of a greenith Colour, ſomewhat blue withal. From From among which Leaves riſeth up a lufty Stalk, three or four Feet high, with divers Leaves ſet thereon ; the higher the Stalk riſeth, the ſmaller are the Leaves; at the Top it ſpreadeth divers Branches, at the End of which ap- pear very pretty, little yellow Flowers, and after they paſs away like other Flowers of the Fields, come Huſks, long and fomewhat flat withal; in Form they reſemble a Tongue, in Colour they are black, and they hang bobbing downwards. The Seed contained within theſe Huiks (if it be a little chew- ed) give an azure Colour. The Root is white and long. Place.] It is fowed in Fields for the Benefit of it, where thoſe that fow it, cut it three Times a Year. Time.] It flowers in June; but it is long after before the Government and Virtues.] It is a cold and dry Plant of Saturn. Some People affirm the Plant to be deſtructive to Bees, which, if it be, I cannot help it. They ſay, it poſlef- ſeth the Bees with the Flux, but that I can hardly believe, unleſs Bees be contrary to other Creatures : I ſhould rather think it poffeffeth them with the contrary Diſeaſe, the Herb being exceeding dry and binding. However, if any Bees be diſeaſed thereby, the Cure is, to fet Urine by them, but fet it in a Veffel, that they cannot drown themſelves, which may be remedied, if you put Pieces of Cork in it. I told you before, the Herb was drying and binding, and ſo drying and binding, that it is not fit to be given inwardly. An Ointment made thereof ſtancheth Bleeding. A Plaifter made thereof, and applied to the Region of the Spleen (and I pray you take Notice, that the Spleen lies on the left Side) takes away the Hardneſs and Pains thereof. The Ointment is excellent good in ſuch Ulcers as abound with Moiſture, and takes away Bleeding, Spleen, Ulcers, the corroding and fretting Hu- Inflammations, St An- mours: It cools Inflammations, thony's Fire, Defiuxions quencheth St. Anthony's Fire, and of Blood. ftayeth Defuxions of the Blood to any part of the Body.. Woodbine, Q4 356 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Woodbine, or Honey-Suckles. IT T is a Plant ſo common, that every one that hath Eyes knows it, and he that hath none, cannot read a Deſcrip- tion, if I ſhould write it. Time.] They flower in June, and the Fruit is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] Doctor Tradition, that grand In- troducer of Errors, that Hater of Truth, that Lover of Folly, and that mortal Foe to Doctor Reaſon, hath taught the common People to uſe the Leaves or Flowers of this Plant in Mouth-water, and by long Continuance of Time, hath ſo grounded it in the Brains of the Vulgar, that you cannot beat it out with a Beetle : All Mouth-waters ought to be cooling and drying, but Honey-Suckles are cleanſing, confun:ing and digeſting, and therefore no way fit for In- flammations ; thus Dr. Reafon. Again, if you pleaſe, we will leave Dr. Reaſon a while, and come to Doctor Experience, a learned Gentleman, and his Brother: Take a Leaf and chew it in your Mouth, and you will quickly find it like- lier to cauſe a fore Mouth and Throat than to cure it. Well then, if it be not good for this, What is it good for? It is good for ſomething, for God and Nature made Nothing in vain. It is an Herb of Mercury, and appropriated to the Lungs; the Celeſtial Crab claims Lungs aflicted, Afthma, Dominion over it; neither is it a Spleen, provokes Urine, Foe to the Lion; if the Lungs be and Speedy Delivery in afflicted by Jupiter, this is your Childbirth Cramps, Con- Cure: It is fitting a Conſerve vulſions&G Palfies, Freck- made of the Flowers of it were les and Sun. burning. kept in every Gentlewoman's Houſe; I know no better Cure for an Aſthma than this; beſides, it takes away the Evil of the Spleen, provokes Urine, procures ſpeedy Delivery of Women in Travail, helps Cramp, Convulſions, and Pal- fies, and whatſoever Griefs come of Cold or Stopping; if you pleaſe to make Uſe of it in an Ointment, it will clear your skin of Morphew, Freckles, and Sun-burnings, or whatever elſe diſcolours it, and then the Maids will love it. I have done when I have told you what Authors fay, and cavilled a little with them ; they ſay, The Flowers are of more Effect than the Leaves, and that's true; but a a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 357 but they ſay the Seeds are leaſt effectual of all. But Doc- tor Reaſon told me, That there was a vital Spirit in every Seed to beget its like; and Dr. Experience told me, That there was a greater Heat in the Seed than there was in any other Part of the Plant; and withal, That Heat was the Mo. ther of Action, and then judge if old Dr. Tradition (who may well be honoured for his Age, but not for his Goodneſs) hath not ſo poiſoned the World with Errors before I was born, that it was never well in its Wits fince, and there is great Fear it will die mad. Wormwood. THE HREE Wormwoods are familiar with us ; one I ſhall not deſcribe, another I ſhall deſcribe, and the third be critical at: and I care not greatly if I begin with the laſt firſt. Sea Wormwood hath gotten as many Names as Virtues, (and perhaps one more) Seriphian, Santonieon, Belchion, Narbinenſe, Hantonicon, Miſneule, and a Matter of Twenty more which I ſhall not blot Paper withal. A Papift got the Toy by the End, and he called it Holy Wormwood; and in Truth, I am of Opinion, their giving ſo much Holinefs to Herbs, is the Reaſon there remains fo little in themſelves. The Seed of this Wormwood is that which uſually Women give their Children for the Worms. Of all Wormwoods that grow here, this is the weakeſt, but Doctors commend it, and Apothecaries fell it; the one muſt keep his Credit, and the other get Money, and that is the Key of the Work. The Herb is good for ſomething, becauſe God made No- thing in vain : Will you give me Leave to weigh Things in the Balance of Reaſon? Then thus: The Seeds of the common Wormwood are far more prevalent than the Seeds of this, to expel Worms in Children, or People of ripe Age; of both, ſome are weak, fome are ſtrong. The Seriphian Wormwood is the weakeft, ard haply may prove to be fitteſt for the weak Bodies, (for it is weak enough of all Conſcience.) Let ſuch as are ftrong take the common Wormwood, for the others will do but little Good. Again, near the Sea many people live, and Seriphian grows near them, and therefore is more fitting for their Bodies, be- cauſe nouriſhed by the fame Air; and this I had from Dr. Reafor. 25 358 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Reaſon. In whoſe Body Dr. Reaſon dwells not, dwells Dr. Made neſs, and he brings in his Brethren, Dr. Ignorance, Dr. Folly, and Dr. Sickneſs, and theſe together make way for Death, and the latter End of that Man is worſe than the Beginning. Pride was the Cauſe of Adam's Fall; Pride begat a Daughter, I do not know the Father of it, unleſs the Devil, but ſhe chriftened it, and called it Appetite, and ſent her Daughter to take theſe Wormwoods, who finding this the leaſt bitter, made the fqueamiſh Wench extol it to the Skies, though the Virtues of it never reached to the Middle Region of the Air. Its due Praiſe is this; It is weakeſt, therefore fitteſt for weak Bodies, and fitter for thoſe Bodies that dwell near it, than thoſe that live far from it; my Reaſonis, the Sea (thoſe that live far from it, know when they come near it) cafteth not ſuch a Smell as the Land doth. The tender Mercies of God being over all his Works, hath by his eternal Providence planted Seriphian by the Sea-fide, as a fit Medicine for the Bodies of thoſe that live near it. Laitly, It is known to all that know any Thing in the Courfe of Nature, that the Liver delights in ſweet Things, if ſo, it abhors bitter; then, if your Liver be weak, it is none of the wifeft Courſes to plague it with an Enemy. If the Liver be weak, a Conſumption follows; would you know the Reaſon? 'Tis this, A Man's Fleſh is repaired by Blood, by a third Concoction, which tranſmutes Blood into the Flefh, 'tis well Ifaid, (Concoction) ſay I, if I had faid (Boiling) every Cook would have under- Iftood me. The Liver makes Blood, and if it be weakened that it makes not enough, the Fleſh wafteth; and why muſt Fleſh always be renewed ? Becauſe the eternal God, when he made the Creation, made one Part of it in coutinual Dependency upon another: And why did he fo? Becauſe himſelf only is permanents to teach us, That we ſhould not fix our Affections upon what is tranfitory, but upon what endures for ever. The Reſult of all this is, if the Liver be weak, and cannot make Blood enough (I would have ſaid Sanguify, if I had written only to Scholars) the Seriphian, which is the weakeſt of Wormwoods, is better than the beſt. I have been critical enough, if not too much. Place.] It grows familiarly in England, by the Sea-ſide. Deſcript The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 359 Deſcript.] IT farts up out of the Earth, with many round, woody, hairy Stalks from one Roct. Its Height is four Feet, or three at leaſt. The Leaves in Longitude are long, in Latitude narrow,in Colourwhite, in Form hoary,in Si- nullitude like Southernwood,only broader and longer; in Taſte rather ſalt than bitter, becauſe it grows ſo near the Salt-water: fo At the Joints, with the Leaves towards the Tops it bears little yellow Flowers. The Root lies deep, and is woody, Commom Wormwood I ſhall not deſcribe ; for every Boy that can eat an Egg knows it. Roman Wormwood; and why Roman, ſeeing it grows fa miliarly in England ? It may be ſo called, becauſe it is good for a ſtinking Breath, which the Romans cannot be very free from, maintaining ſo many Bawdy-houſes by Authority of his Holineſs. Defcript.] HE Stalks are ſlender,and ſhorter than the com- mon Wormwood by oneFoot at leaſt; the Leaves are more finely cut and divided than they are, but ſomething ſmaller ; both Leaves and Stalks are hoary, the Flowers of a pale yellow Colour; it is altogether like the common Worm- ; wood, fave only in Bigneſs, for it is ſmaller; in Tafte,for it is not ſo bitter ; in Smell, for it is ſpicy. Place.] It groweth upon the Tops of the Mountains (it ſeems, 'tis aſpiring) there 'tis natural, but usually nurſed up in Gardens for the Uſe of the Apothecaries in London. Time.] All Wormwoods uſually flower in Auguſt, a little fooner or later. Government and Virtues.] Will you give me Leave to be critical a little ? I muſt take Leave: Wormwood is an Herb of Mars, and if Pontanus fay otherwiſe, he is beſide the Bridge; I prove it thus : What delights in Martial Places, is a Martial Herb; but Wormwood delights in Mar- tial Places (for about Forges and Iron Works, you may gather a Cart-load of it) Ergo, it is a Martial Herb. It is hot and dry in the firit Degree, viz. juſt as hot as your Blood, and no hotter. It remedies the Evils Choler can infiat on the Body of Man by Sympathy. It helps the Evils Venus and the wanton Boy produce, by Antipathy; and it Choler, Venery, provokes doth ſomething elſe beſides. It Urine, helps Surfeits, cleanſeth the Body of Choler (and Swellings, Appetite laft, who dares fay Mars do h no Yellow Jaundice. Good ) 360 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a Good ?) It provokes Urine, helps Surfeits, or Swellings in the Belly; it cauſeth Appetite to Meat; becauſe Mars rules the attractive Faculty in Man: The Sun never ſhone upon a better Herb for the Yellow Jaundice than this: Why ſhould Men cry out ſo much upon Mars for an Infortunate, (or Saturn either?) Did God make Creatures to do the Crea- tion a miſchief? This Herb teſtifies, That Mars is willing to cure all Diſeaſes he cauſes; the Truth is, Mars loves no Cowards, nor Saturn Fools, nor I neither. Take of the Flowers of Wormwood, Roſemary, and Black Thorn, of each a like Quantity, Half that Quantity of Saffron ; boil this in Rheniſh Wine, but put not in the Saffron till it is almoſt boiled : This is the Way to keep a Man's Body in Health, appointed by Camerarius, Preferveth Health, Terms in his Book intitled, Hortus Me- provokes, Biting of Rats dicus, and it is a good one too. and Mice, Muſhrooms, Beſides all this, Wormwood pro- Wheals, Puſhes, Black vokes the Terms. I would wil- and Blue Spots, Quinly, lingly teach Aſtrologers, and Eyes, make them Phyſicians (if I knew how) for they are moſt fitting for the Calling; if you will not believe me, aſk Doctor Hip- pocrates, and Dr. Galen, a couple of Gentlemen that our College of Phyſicians keep to vapour with, not to follow. In this our Herb, I ſhall give the Pattern of a Ruler, the Sons of Art rough caft, yet as near the Truth as the Men of Benjamin could throw a Stone: Whereby, my Brethren, the Aſtrologers may know by a Penny how a Shilling is coined: As for the College of Phyſicians, they are too itately to learn, and too proud to continue. They ſay a Mouſe is under the Dominion of the Moon, and that is the Reaſon they feed in the Night; the Houſe of the Moon is Cancer; Rats are of the fame Nature with Mice, but they are a little bigger; Mers receives his Fall in Cancer, Ergo, Wormwood being an Herb of Mars, is a preſent Remedy for the biting of Rats and Mice. Muſhrooms (I cannot give them the Title of Herba, Frutex or Arbor) are under the Do- minion of Saturn, (and take one Time with another, they do as much Harn as Good ;) if any have poiſoned himſelf by eating them, Wormwood, an Herb- of Mars, cures him, becauſe Mars is exalted in Capricorn, the Houſe of Sa- turny The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 361 3 turn, and this it doth by Sympathy, as it did the other by Antipathy. Wheals, Puſhes, black and blue Spots, coming either by Bruiſes or Beatings, Wormwood, an Herb of Mars, helps, becauſe Mars, (as bad as you love him, and as you hate him) will not break your Head, but he will give you a Plaifter. If he do but teach you to know your- ſelves, his Courteſy is greater than his Diſcourteſy. The greateſt Antipathy between the Planets, is between Mars and Venus; one is hot, the other cold; one Diurnal, the other Nocturnal; one dry, the other moiſt; their Houſes are oppoſite, one Maſculine, the other Feminine ; one Public, the other Private; one is Valiant, the other Effeminate one loves the Light, the other hates it; one loves the Field, the other Sheets; then the Throat is under Venus, the Quin- ſy lies in the Throat, and is an Inflammation there: Venus rules the Throat (it being under Taurus her Sign) Mars eradicates all Diſeaſes in the Throat by his Herb (of which Wormwood is one) and ſends them to Egypt on an Errand, ne- ver to return more, this done by Antipathy. The Eyes are un- der the Luminaries; the Right Eye of a Man, and the Left ; Eye of a Woman the Sun claims Dominion over; the Left Eye of a Man, and the Right Eye of a Woman, are Pri- vileges of the Moon, Wormwood, an Herb of Mars, cures both; what belongs to the Sun by Sympathy, becauſe he is exalted in his Houſe; but what belongs to the Moon by Antipathy, becauſe all hath his Fall in her's. Suppoſe a Man be bitten or ftung by a Martial Creature, imagine a Wafp, a Hornet, a Scorpion, Wormwood, an Herb of Mar', As Bitings or Stingings, giveth you a preſent Cure; then by venomous Beaſts. Mars, Cholerick as he is, hath learned that Patience, to paſs by your evil Speeches of him, and tells you by my Pen, That he gives you no Affliction, but he gives you a Cure; you need not run to Apollo, nor Æſculapius; and if he were ſo Cholerick as you make him to be, he would have drawn his Sword for Anger, to ſee the ill Conditions of thoſe people that can fpy his Vices, and not his Virtues. The Eternal God, when he made Mars, made him for public Good, and the Sons of Men ſhall know it in the latter End of the World. E. Cælum Mars Jolus habet. You ſay Mars is a Deſtroyer ; mix a lit- tle a 362 * The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 3 tle Wormwood, an Herb of Mers, with your Ink, nei- ther Rats nor Mice touch the Paper written with it, and then Mars is a Preſerver. Aſtrologers think Mars cau- ſeth Scabs and Itch, and the Virgins are angry with him, becaufe wanton Venus told them be deforms their skins but, quoth Mars, My only Defire is, they ſhould know themſelves; my Herb Wormwood will reſtore them to the Beauty they formerly had, and in that I will not come an Inch behind my Oppoſite, Venus; for which doth the greateſt Evil, he that takes away an innate Beauty, and when he has done, knows how to reſtore it again ? Or the that teaches a Company of wanton Laffes to paint their Faces ? If Mars be in a Virgin, in the Nativity, they ſay he caufeth the Cholick (it is well God hath fet fome body to pull down the Pride of Man ) He in the Virgin troubles none with the Cholick, but them that know not themſelves (for who knows himſelf, may cafily know all the World.) Wormwood, an Herb of Mars, is a preſent Cure for it; and whether it be moſt like a Chriftian to love him for his Good, or hate him for his Evil, judge ye. I had almoſt forgotten, that Charity thinks no Evil. I was once in the Tower and viewed the Wardrobe, and there was a great many fine Clothes : (I can give them no other Title, for I was never either Linnen or Woollen Draper) yet as brave as they looked, my Opinion was, that the Moths might con- fume them; Moths are under the Dominion of Mars ; this Herb Wormwood being laid amongſt Clothes, will make a Moth ſcorn to meddle with the Clothes as much as a Lion ſcorns to meddle with a Mooſe, or an Eagle a 'Fly. You ſay Mars is angry, and it is true enough he is angry with many Countrymen for being ſuch Fools to be led by the Nofes, by the College of Phyſicians, as they lead Bears to Paris Garden. Melancholy Men cannot endure to be wroi ged in point of good Fame, and that doth forely trou- ble old Saturn, becauſe they call him the greateſt Infortunate ; in the Body of Man he rules the Spleen, (and that makes covetous Men fo Splenetick) the poor old Man lies cry, ing out of his left Side. Father Saturn's angry, Mars comes. to him; Come, Brother, I confeſs thou art evil Ipoken of, and ſo am l; thou knoweft I have any Ex- .. Spleen. altation in Houſe, I give him an Herb of my minen The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 363 mine, Wormwood, to cure the poor Man ; Saturn conſented, ; but ſpoke but little, and ſo Mars cured him by Sympathy. When Mars was free from War, (for he loves to be fighting, and is the beſt Friend a Soldier hath) I ſay when Mars was free from War, he called a Council of War in his own Brain, to know how he ſhould do poor finful Man good, defiring to forget his Abuſes in being called an Infortunate. Hemul ters up his own Forces, and places them in Battalia. Oh! quoth he, Why do I hurt a poor filly Man or Woman? His Angel anſwers him, It is becauſe they have offended their God, (Look back to Adam; Well, fays Mars, tho they ſpeak evil of me, I will do Good to them) Death's cold, my Herb ſhall heat them; they are full of ill Humours (elſe they would never have ſpoken ill of me;) my Herb ſhall cleanſe them, and dry them; they are poor weak Creatures, my Herb fhall ſtrengthen them; they are dull-witted, my Herb fall fortify their Apprehenfions; and yet amongſt Aftrolo- gers all this doth not deſerve a good Word: On the l'atience of Mars! Felix qui potuit rerum cognoſcere caufas, Inque domos fuperum fcandere cura fuit. Oh happy he that can the Knowledge gain, To know th' eternal God made nought in vain. To this I add, I know the Reaſon cauſeth ſuch a Dearth Of Knowledge; 'tis becauſe Men love the Earth. The other Day Mars told me he met with Venus, and he aſked her, What the Reaſon was that ſhe accufea him for abuſing Women? He never gave them the Pox. In the Dispute they fell out, and in Anger parted, and Mars told me that his Brother Saturn told him, that an Antivenerean Medicinewas the beſt againſt the Pox. Once French Pox. a Month he meets with the Moon, Marseis quick enough of Speech and the Moon not much behind hand, (neither are moſt Women.! The Moonlooks much after Chil- dren, and Children are much trouble with the Worms: the defired a Medicine of him, he bid beraalasi wu Herb, Wormwood. He had no iooner pathe Moon, but he met with Venus, and ſhe was as deka Alas! poor 2. Venuss 364 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Venus, quoth he; What! thou a Fortune, and be Drunk? I'll give thee an Antipathetical Cure: Take my Herb Worm- wood, and thou ſhalt never get a Surfeit by Drinking. A poor filly Countryman hath got an Ague, and cannot go about his Surfeit Stinking Breath, Buſineſs; he wiſhes he had it not, dull Brain, weak Sight. and ſo do I; but I will tell him a Remedy, whereby he ſhall prevent it: Take the Herb of Mars, Wormwood, and if Infortunes will do Good, what will Fortuneſs do! Some think the Lungs are under Jupiter; and if the Lungs, then the Breath; and though ſometimes a Man gets a ſtinking Breath, and yet Jupiter is a Fortune, forſooth; up comes Mars to him: Come, Brother Jupiter, thou knoweſt I ſent thee a Couple of Trines to thy Houſe laſt Night, the one from Aries, and the other ſtom Scorpio ; give me thy Leave by Sympathy to cure this poor Man with drinking a Draught of Wormwood Beer every Morning. The Moon was weak the other Day, and ſhe gave a Man two terrible Miſchiefs, a dull Brain, and a weak Sight; Mars laid by his Sword, and comes to her: Siſter Moon, ſaid he, this Man hath angered thee, but I beſeech thee take Notice he is but a Fool; prithee be patient, I will with my Herb Wormwood cure him of both Infirmities by Antipathy, for thou knoweſt thou and I cannot agree; with that the Moon began to quar- rel; Mars (not delighting much in Womens Tongues) went away, and did it whether ſhe would or no. He that reads this, and underſtands what he reads, hath a Jewel more worth than a Diamond ; he that underſtands it not, is as little fit to give Phyſick. There lies a Key in theſe Words, which will unlock, (if it be turned by a wiſe Hand) the Cabinet of Phyſick : I have delivered it as plain as I durft; it is not only upon Wormwood as I wrote, but upon all Plants, Trees and Herbs; he that underſtands it not, is unfit (in my opinion) to give Phyfick. This hall live when I am dead. And thus I leave it to the World, not caring a Farthing whether they like or diſlike it. The Grave equals all Men, and therefore ſhall equal me with all Princes; until which Time the Eternal Providence is over me: Then the ill Tongue of a prating Fellow,or of one that hath more Tongue than Wit, or more Proud than Honeſt, thall never trouble me. Wiſdom is juſtified of her Children, And fo much for Wormwood. Yarrow The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 365 Yarrow, called alſo Noſe-bleed, Milfoil, and , Thouſand Leaf. .) I Deſcript.] T hath many long Leaves ſpread upon the Ground, finely cut, and divided into many ſmall Parts: Its Flowers are white, but not all of a Whiteneſs, and ſtayed in Knots, upon divers green Stalks which riſe from among the Leaves. Place.] It is frequent in all Paſtures. Time.] It flowereth late, even in the latter End of Auguſt. Government and Virtues.] It is under the Influence of Venus. An Ointment of them cures Wounds, and is moſt fit for ſuch as have Inflammations, it being an Herb of Dame Venus ; it ſtops Wounds, Inflammations, the Terms in Women, being boil- Terms ſtops, Bloody Flux, ed in White Wine, and the De- Baldneſs, Ulcers Fiſtulas, coction drank; as alſo the Bloody- Retentive Faculty, Run- , Flux; the Ointment of it is not ning of the Reins,Whites, only good for green Wounds, but Diabetes, Tooth-ach. alſo for Ulcers and Fiftulas, eſpe- cially ſuch as abound with Moiſture. It ſtays the ſhedding of Hair, the Head being bathed with the Decoction of it; inwardly taken it helps the retentive Faculty of the Stomach ; it helps the Running of the Reins in Men, and the Whites in Women, and helps ſuch as cannot hold their Water; and the Leaves chewed in the Mouth eaſeth the Tooth-ach; and theſe Virtues being put together, ſhew the Herb to be drying and binding. Achilles is ſuppoſed to be the firſt that left the Vir- tues of this Herb to Poſterity, having learned them of his Mafter, Chiron, the Centaur: And certainly a very profitable Herb it is in Cramps, and therefore called Militaris, و DIRECTIONS. 366 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. DIRECTION S. HA Aving in divers Places of this Treatiſe promiſed you the Way of making Syrups, Conſerves, Oils, Oint- ments, &c. of Herbs, Roots, Flowers, &c. whereby you may have them ready for your Uſe at fuch Times when other- wiſe they cannot be had; I come now to perform what I promiſed, and you ſhall find me rather better than worſe than my Word. That this may be done methodically, I ſhall divide my Directions into two Grand Sections, and each Section into ſeveral Chapters, and then you ſhall ſee it look with ſuch a a Countenance as this is. SECT. I. Of gathering, drying, and keeping Simples, and their Juices. YHap. 1. Of Leaves of Herbs, &c. Chap. 4. Of Roots. Chap. 2. Of Flowers, Chap. 5. Of Barks. Chap, 3. Of Seeds Chap. 6. Of Juices. C SECT. II. Chap ters. Of making and keeping Compounds. 1. Of diſtilled Wa-Chap. 10. Of Ointments. Chap. 11. Of Plaiſters. Chap. 2. Of Syrups, Chap. 12. Of Poultices. Chap. 3. Of Fuleps. Chap. 13. Of Troches, Chap. 4. Of Decoctions. hap. 14. Of Pills. Chap. 5. Of Oils. Chap. 15. The Way of firting Chap. 5. Of Electuaries. Medicines to Compound Dila Chap. 7. Of Conſerves. eaſes. Chap. 8. Of Preſerves. Of all theſe in Order. Chap. 9. Of Lohocks. SECT The Engliſh Phyſician Enierged. 367 SECT. I. The Way of gathering, and preſerving Sim- ples and their Juices. С НА Р. 1. Of Leaves of Herbs, or Trees. O , Leaves, chooſe only ſuch as are green and full of any way declining, for they will putrify the reft: So ſhall one Handful be worth ten of thoſe you buy in Cheapſide. 2. Note in what Places they moſt delight to grow in, and gather them there ; for Betony that grows in the Shade, is far , better than that which grows in the Sun, becauſe it delights in the Shade; ſo alſo ſuch Herbs as delight to grow near the Water, let ſuch be gathered as grow near the Water, though happily you may find ſome of them upon dry Ground; the Treatiſe will inform you where every Herb delights to grow. 3. The Leaves of fach Herbs as run up to Seed, are not ſa good when they are in Flower as before (fome few excepted, the Leaves of which are ſeldom or never ufed) in ſuch Cafes, if through Ignorance they were not known, or through Neg- ligence forgotten, you had better take the Top and the Flow- ers, than the Leaf 4. Dry them well in the Sun, and not in the Shade, as the Swing of Phyſicians is; for if the Sun draw away the Virtues of the Herb, it muſt needs do the like by Hay, by the fame Rule, which the Experience of every Country Farmer will explode for a notable Piece of Nonſenſe. 5. Such as are Artiſts in Aſtrology, (and indeed none elſe are fit to make Phyſicians) ſuch I adviſe ; let the Planet that governs the Herb be Angular, and the ſtronger the better; if they can, in Herbs of Saturn, let Saturn be in the Aſcendant; in the Herbs of Mars, let Mars be in the Mid Heaven, for in thoſe Houſes they delight; let the Moon apply to them by good 368 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. if a good Aſpect, and let her not be in the Houſes of her Enemies; you cannot well ſtay till ſhe apply to them, let her apply to a Planet of the fame Triplicity; if you cannot wait that Time neither, let her be with a fixed Star of their Nature. 6. Having well dried them, put them up in Brown Paper, ſewing the Paper up like a Sack, and preſs them not too hard together, and keep them in a dry Place near the Fire. 7. As for the Duration of dried Herbs, a juſt Time cannot be given, let Authors prate their Pleaſure ; for, Firſt, Such as grow upon dry Grounds will better keep, than ſuch as grow on moift. Secondly, Such Herbs as are full of Juice, will not keep ſo long as ſuch as are drier. Thirdly, Such Herbs as are well dried, will keep longer than ſuch as are flack dried. Yet this I ſay, by this you may know when they are cor- rupted, viz. by their Loſs of Colour, or Smell, or both; and if they be corrupted, Reaſon will tell you that they muſt needs corrupt the Bodies of thoſe People that take them. 8. Gather all Leaves in the Hour of that Planet that go. verns them. CH A P. II. Of Flowers, T' HE Flower, which is the Beauty of the Plant, and of none of the leaſt Uſe in Phyſick, groweth yearly, and is to be gathered when it is in his Prime. 2. As for the Time of gathering them, let the Planetary Hour, and the Plant they come of, be obſerved, as we ſhewed you in the foregoing Chapter ; as for the Time of the Day, let it be when the Sun ſhines upon them, that ſo they may be dry; for if you gather either Flowers or Herbs when they are wet or dewy, they will not keep; and this I forgot before. 3. Dry them well in the Sun, and keep them in Papers near the Fire, as I ſhewed you in the foregoing Chapter. 4.- So long as they retain the Colour and Smell, they are good ; either of them being gone, ſo is their Virtue alſo. СНАР. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 369 CHA P. III. Of Seeds. "TH HE Seed is that part of the Plant which is endowed with a vital Faculty to bring forth its like, and it con- a tains potentially the whole Plant in it. 2. As for Place, let them be gathered from the Place where they delight to grow. 3. Let them be full ripe when they are gathered; and for- get not the Celeſtial Harmony before mentioned, for I have found by Experience that their Virtues are twice as great at fuch Times as others: There is an appointed Time for every Thing under the Sun. 4 When you have gathered them, dry them a little, and but a little in the Sun before you lay them up. 5 You need not be ſo careful of keeping them fo near the Fire, as the other before-mentioned, becauſe they are fuller of Spirit, and therefore not ſo ſubject to corrupt. 6. As for the Time of their Duration, 'tis palpable they will keep a good many Years; yet this I ſay, they are the beſt the firſt Year, and this I make appear by a good Argu- ment. They will grow the fooneſt the firſt Year they be fet, therefore then they are in their Prime, and 'tis an eaſy Matter to renew them yearly. a 1. "O СНА Р. IV. Of Roots. F Roots, chuſe ſuch as are neither Rotten, nor Worm- eaten, but proper in their Taſte, Colour and Smell; ſuch as exceed neither in Softneſs nor Hardneſs. 2. Give me Leave to be a little critical againſt the vul- gar received Opinion, which is, That the Sap falls down into the Roots in the Autumn, and riſes again in the Spring, as Men go to Bed at Night, and riſe in the Morning; and this idle Talk of Untruth is ſo grounded in the Heads, not only of the Vulgar, but alſo of the Learned, that a Man cannot drive it out by Reaſon. I pray let ſuch Sapmongers anſwer me to this Argument. If the Sap falls into the Roots, in the Fall of the Leaf, and lies there all the Winter, then muſt the Root grow only in the Winter. Experience witneſſeth ; but the Root grows not 370 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. not at all in the Winter, as the ſame Experience teacheth, but only in the Summer, ergo, If you ſet an Apple-kernel in the Spring, you ſhall find the Root to grow to a pretty Bigneſs in that Summer, and be not a whit bigger next Spring. What doth the Sap do in the Root all that while, pick Straws ? 'Tis as rotten as a rotten Poſt. The Truth is, when the Sun declines from the Tropick of Cancer, the Sap begins to congeal both in Root and Branch; when he toucheth the Tropick of Capricorn, and aſcends to us-ward, it begins to wax thin again, and by Degrees as it congealed. But to proceed, 3. The drier Time you gather the Roots in, the better they are; for they have the left excrementitious Moiſture in them. 4. Such Roots as are foft, your beſt Way is to dry in the Sun, or elſe hang them in the Chimney Corner, upon a String; as for ſuch as are hard, you may dry them any where. 5. Such Roots as are great, will keep longer than ſuch as are ſmall; yet moſt of them will keep a Year. 6. Such Roots as are ſoft, it is your beſt Way to keep them always near the Fire, and to take this general Rule for ic; if in Winter-time you find any of your Roots, Herbs or Flowers begin to be moiſt, as many Times you ſhall, eſpecially in the Winter-time (for 'tis your beſt way to look to them once a ' Month) dry them by a very gentle Fire; or if you can with Convenience keep them near the Fire, you may ſave yourſelf the Labour. 7. It is in vain to dry Roots as may commonly be had, as Parſley, Fennel, Plaintain, &c. but gather them only for preſent Need. CHA P. V. Of Barks. BA Arks, which Phyſicians uſe in Medicines, are of theſe Sorts: Of Fruits, of Roots, of Boughs. ' 2. The Bark of Fruits are to be taken hen the Fruit is full rife, as Oranges, Lemons, &c. but becauſe I have nothing to do with Exoticks here, I pals them without any more Words. 3. The The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 371 JO Ujcang a 3. The Barks of Trees are beſt gathered in the Spring, if it be of great 'Trees, as Oaks, or the like; becauſe then they come eaſier off, and ſo you may dry them if you pleaſe; but , indeed the beſt Way is to gather all Barks only for preſent Uſe. 4. As for the Bark of Roots, 'tis this, and thus to be got- ten. Take the Roots of ſuch Herbs as have a Pith in them, as Parſley, Fennel, & c. fit them in the Middle, and when you have taken out the Pith (which you may eaſily and foon do) that which remains is called (tho' fomething improperly) the Bark, and indeed is only to be uſed. СНА Р. VI. of Fuices. Of Uices are to be preſſed out of Herbs when they are and tender, and alſo out of ſome Stalks; and tender Tops of Herbs and Plants, and alſo out of ſome Flowers. 2. Having gathered the Herb, you would preſerve the Juice of, when it is very dry (for otherwiſe the Juice will not be worth a Button) bruiſe it very well in a Stone Mortar with a Wooden Peſtle, then having put it into a Canvas Bag, the Herb I mean, not the Mortar, for that will give but little Juice, preſs it hard in a Preſs; then take the Juice and cla- rify it. 3. The Manner of clarifying it is this : Put it into a Pip- kin or Skillet, or ſome ſuch Thing, and ſet it over the Fire, and when the Scum ariſeth, take it off; let it ſtand over the Fire till no more Scum ariſe; when you have your Juice clarified, caft away the Scum as a Thing of no Uſe. 4. When you have thus clarified it, you have two Ways to preſerve it all the Year. Firſt, When it is cold, put it into a Glaſs, and put ſo much Oil on it as will cover it to the Thickneſs of two Fingers, the Oil will ſwing at the Top, and ſo keep the Air from coming to putrify it; when you intend to uſe it, do no more but fo; pour out into a Porringer a little more than you intend to uſe, and if any Oil come out with it, (as if the Glaſs be not full, 'tis an hundred to one if there do) you may eaſily fcum it off with a Spoon, and put the Juice you uſe not into the Glaſs again, it will quickly fink under the Oil. This is the fir& Secondly, Way. 372 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. Secondly, The ſecond Way is a little more difficult, and the Juice of Fruits is uſually preſerved this Way. When you have clarified the Juice as before, boil it over the Fire till (being cold) it be of the Thickneſs of Honey : This is moſt commonly uſed for Diſeaſes of the Mouth, and is called Roba and Saba. And thus much for the firſt Section, the ſecond follows. SECT. II. The Way of making and keeping all neceſſary Com pounds. CH A P. II. Of Diſtilled Waters. Η' Itherto we have ſpoke of Medicines which confift in their own Nature, which Authors vulgarly call Sam ples, though ſomething improperly; forin Deed and in Truth, nothing is ſimple but pure Elements; all Things elſe are compounded of them: We come now to treat of the Artifi- cial Medicines, in the Form of which (becauſe we muſt be- gin fomewhere) we ſhall place Diſtilled Waters ; in which confider, 1. Waters are diſtilled out of Herbs, Flowers, Fruits, and Roots. 2. We treat not of Strong Waters, but of cold, as being to act Galen's Part, and not Paracelſus’s. 3. The Herbs ought to be diſtilled when they are in the greateſt Vigour, and ſo ought the Flowers alſo. 4. The Vulgar Way of Diſtillations, which People uſe, becauſe they know no better, is in a Pewter Still; and altho' Diſtilled Waters are the weakeſt of Artificial Medicines, and good for little, unleſs for Mixtures of other Medicines, tho' this may be diſtilled, they are weaker by many Degrees, than they would be, were they diſtilled in Sand. If I thought it not impoſſible to teach you the Way of diſtilling in Sand by Writing, I would attempt it. When а The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 373 1. a A 5. When you have diſtilled your Water, putitinto a Glaſs, and having bound the Top of it over with a Paper, pricked full of Holes, ſo that the excrementitious and fiery Vapours may exhale, which indeed are they that cauſe that Settling in diſtilled Waters called the Mother, which corrupt Waters, and might this way be prevented, cover it cloſe, and keep it for your Uſe. 6. Stopping diſtilled Waters with a Cork, makes them muſty, and ſo will a Paper alſo, if it do but touch the Wa- ter; your beſt Way then is to ſtop them with a Bladder, being firſt put in Water, and bound over the Top of the Glaſs. Such cold Waters as are diſtilled in a Pewter Still (if well kept) will endure a Year; ſuch as are diſtilled in Sand, as they are twice as ſtrong, ſo they endure twice as long CHA P. II. Of Syrups. Syrup is a Medicine of a Liquid Form, compoſed of Infufion, Decoction and Juice. And, 1. For the more grateful Taſte. 2. For the better keeping of it; with a certain Quantity of Honey or Sugar, hereafter mentioned, boiled to the Thickneſs of new Honey. 2. You ſee at the firſt View, That this Aphorifm divides itfelf into three Branches, which deſerve ſeverally to be treated of; viz. 1. Syrups made by Infuſion. 2. Syrups made by Decoétion. 3. Syrups made by Juice. Of each of theſe, (for your Inſtruction-ſake, kind Coun- trymen and Women) I ſpeak a Word, or two, or three apart. Firſt, Syrups made by Infufion, are uſually made of Flowers, and of ſuch Flowers as ſoon loſe their Colour and Strength by boiling, as Roſes, Violets, Peach-Flow- ers, & c. My Tranſlation of the London Diſpenſatory, will inſtruct you in the reſt. They are thus made: Having picked your Flowers clean, to every Pound of them add three Pounds, or three Pints, which you will (for it is all one) of Spring Water, made boiling hot by the Fire; firit put your Flowers into a Pewter Pot, with a Cover, and pour the Water to them; then ſhutting the Pot, let it ſtand R by 374 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a by the Fire, to keep hot twelve Hours, and ſtrain it out; (in ſuch Syrups as purge, as Damaſk Roſes, Peach Flowers, &c. the uſual and indeed the beſt Way, is to repeat this Infuſion, adding freſh Flowers to the fame Liquor divers Times, that ſo it may be the ſtronger) having ftrained it out, put the In- fufion into a Pewter Bafon, or an Earthen one well glazed, and to every Pint of it add two Pound of Sugar, which being only melted over the Fire, without boiling, and ſcummed, will produce you the Syrup you deſire. Secondly, Syrups made by Decoction are uſually made of Compounds, yet may any fimple Herb be thus converted into Syrup: Take the Herb, Root or Flowers you would make into a Syrup, and bruiſe it a little; then boil it in a conve- nient Quantity of Spring Water, the more Water you boil it in, the weaker it will be; a Handful of the Herb or Root, & c. is a convenient Quantity for a Pint of Water; boil it till Half the Water be conſumed, then let it ſtand till it be almoſt cold, and ſtrain it (being almoſt cold) thro' a woollen Cloth, letting it run out at Leiſure, without preſſing; to every Pint of this Decoction, add one Pound of Sugar, and boil it over the Fire till it come to a Syrup, which you may know, if you now and then cool a little of it in a Spoon ; fcum it all the While it boils, and when it is ſufficiently boiled, whilit it is hot, ftriain it again through a woollen Cloth, but preſs it not. Thus you have the Syrup perfected. Thirdly, Syrups made of Juices, are uſually made of ſuch Herbs as are full of Juice, and indeed they are better made into a Syrup this way, than any other; the Operation is thus : Having beaten the Herb in a Stone Mortar, with a wooden Peſtle, preſs out the Juice, and clarify it, as you are taught before in the Juices; then let the Juice boil away till a Quar- ter of it (or near upon) be conſumed; to a Pint of this add a Pound of Sugar, and boil it to a Syrup, always fcumming it, and when it is boiled enough, ftrain it through a woollen Cloth, as we taught you before, and keep it for your Uſe. 3. If you make Syrup of Roots that are any thing hard, as Parſley, Fennel, and Graſs Roots, &c. when you have bruifed them, lay them in ſteep ſome Time in that Water intend to boil them in, hot, fo will the Virtue the better come out, which you 4. Keep The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 375 a 1. 4. Keep your Syrups either in Glaſſes or Stone Pots, and ſtop them not with Cork nor Bladder, unleſs you would have the Glaſs break and the Syrup loft; and as many Opinions as there are in this Nation, I ſuppoſe there are few or none of this, only bind Paper about the Mouth. 5. All Syrups, if well made, continue a Year with ſome Advantage; yet of all, ſuch as are made by Infuſion, keep the leaſt While. CH A P. III. Of Juleps. ULEP'S were firſt invented, as I ſuppoſe, in Arabia; and my Reaſon is, becauſe the Word Julep is an Ara- bick Word. 2. It fignifies only a pleaſant Potion, as is vulgarly uſed by ſuch as are sick, and want Help, or ſuch as are in Health, and want no money to quench Thirſt. 3. Now-a-Day it is commonly uſed. 1. To prepare the Body for Purgation. 2. To open Obſtructions and the Pores. 3. To digeſt tough Humours. 4. To qualify hot Diſtempers, &c. 4. It is thus made (I mean ſimple Juleps, for I have now thing to fay to Compounds here; all Compounds have as many fimple Ideas, as Men have Crotchets in their Brains) I ſay fimple Juleps are thus made: Take a Pint of ſuch di- tilled Water, as conduces to the Cure of your Diftemper, which this Treatiſe will plentifully furniſh you withal, to which add two Ounces of Syrup, conducing to the ſame Ef- fect; (I ſhall give you Rules for it in the laſt Chapter) mix them together, and drink a Draught of it at your Pleaſure. If you love tart Things, add ten Drops of Oil o Vitriol to your Pint, and ſhake it together, and it will have a fine grate- ful Tatte. 5. All Juleps are made for preſent Uſe, and therefore it is in vain to ſpeak of their Duration. CHA P. IV. Of DecoEtions. LL the Difference between Decoctions and Syrups made by Decoction, is this ; Syrups are made to keep, Decoctions only for preſent Uſe; for you can hardly R2 keep a 1. A' 376 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. a keep a Decoction a Week at any Time; if the Weather be hot, not half ſo long. 2. Decoctions are made of Leaves, Roots, Flowers, Seeds, Fruits or Barks, conducing to the Cure of the Diſeaſe you make them for; in the ſame Manner they are made as we fhewed you in Syrups. 3. Decoctions made with Wine laſt longer than ſuch as are made with Water; and if you take your Decoction to cleanſe the Paſſages of the Urine, or open Obſtructions, your beſt Way is to make it with White Wine inſtead of Wa- ter, becauſe this is penetrating. , . 4. Decoctions are of moſt Uſe in ſuch Diſeaſes as lie in the Paſſages of the Body; as the Stomach, Bowels, Kidneys, Paſſages of Urine and Bladder, becauſe Decoctions paſs quicker to thoſe Places than any other Form of Medicines. 5. If you will ſweeten your Decoction with Sugar, or any Syrup fit for the Occafion you take it for, which is better, you may, and no Harm do. 6. If in a Decoction, you boil both Roots, Herbs, Flowers, and Seed together, let the Roots boil a good while firſt, be- cauſe they retain their Virtųe longeft; then the next in Order by the ſame Rule, viz. 1. Barks. 2. The Herbs. 3. The Seeds. 4. The Flowers. 5. The Species, if The Species, if you put any in, becauſe their Virtues come fooneſt out. 7. Such Things as by boiling cauſe Slimineſs to a Decoc- tion, as Figs, Quince Seed, Linſeed, &c. your beſt Way is, after you have bruifed them, to tie them up in a Linnen Rag, as you tie up a Calf's Brains, and ſo boil them. 8. Keep all Decoctions in a Glafs cloſe ſtopped, and in the cooler Place you keep them, the longer they will lait e'er they be four. Laſtly. The uſual Doſe to be given at one Time, is uſually Two, Three, Four, or Five Ounces, according to the Age and Strength for the Patient, the Seaſon of the Year, the Strength of the Medicine, and the Quality of the Diſeaſe. . С НАР. The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. . 377 CHA P. V. Of Oils. IL Olive, which is commonly known by the Name of Sallad Oil, I ſuppoſe, becauſe it is uſually eaten with Sallads by them that love it, if it be preſſed out of ripe Olives, according to Galen, is temperate, and exceeds in no one Quality 2. Of Oils, ſome are Simple, and ſome are Compound. 3. Simple Oils, are ſuch as are made of Fruits or Seeds by Expreſſion, as Oil of ſweet and bitter Almonds, Linſeed and Rape-feed Oil, &c. of which ſee in my Diſpenſatory, 4. Compound Oils, are made of Oil of Olives, and other Simples, imagine Herbs, Flowers, Roots, &c. 5. The Way of making them is this: Having bruiſed the Herbs or Flowers you would make your Oil of, put them into an Earthen Pot, and to two or three Handfuls of themi pour a Pint of Oil, cover the Pot with a Paper, ſet it in the Sun about a Fortnight or leſs, according as the Sun is in Hotneſs; then having warmed it very well by the Fire, preſs out the Herb, & c. very hardín a Preſs, and add as many more Herbs to the ſame C; bruiſe the Herbs (I mean not the Oil) in like Manner, ſet them in the Sun as before, the oftener you repeat this, the ſtronger your Oil will be; at laſt, when you conceive it ſtrong enough, boil both Herbs and Oil together till the Juice be conſumed, which you may know by its leaving its Bubbling, and the Herbs will be criſp, then ftrain it while it is hot, and keep it in a Stone or Glaſs Veffel for your Uſe. 6. As for Chymical Oils, I have nothing to ſay in this Treatiſe. 7. The General Uſe of theſe Oils, is for Pain in the Limbs, Roughneſs of the Skin, the Itch, &c. as alſo for Ointments and Plaiſters. 8. If you have Occaſion to uſe it for Wounds or Ulcers, in two Ounces of Oil, diſſolve Half an Ounce of Turpentine, the Heat of the Fire will quickly do it; for Oil itſelf is offenſive to Wounds, and the Turpentine qualifies it. و B 3 CHAP 378 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. CH A P. VI. Of EleEtuaries. H PE Hyſicians make more a Quoil than needs, by Half, about Electuaries. I ſhall preſcribe but cne general Way of making them up; as for the Ingredients, you may vary them as you pleaſe, and according as you find Occafion by the iaft Chapter. 1. That you may make Electuaries when you need them, it is requiſite that you keep always Herbs, Roots, Seeds, Flowers, &c. ready dried in your Houſe, that ſo you may be in a Readineſs to beat them into Powder when you need them. 2. Your better Way is to keep them whole than beaten ; for being beaten, they are the more ſubject to loſe their Strength ; becauſe the Air foon penetrates them. 3. If they be not dry enough to beat into Powder when you need them, dry them by a gentle Fire till they are fo. 4. Having beaten them, fift them through a fine Tiffany Searce, that fo there may be no great Pieces found in your Ele&tuary. 5. To one Ounce of your Powder add three Ounces of clarified Honey; this Quantity I hold to be ſufficient, I confeís Authors differ about it. If you would make more or leſs Electuary, vary your Proportion accordingly, 6. Mix them well together in a Mortar, and take this for a Truth, you cannot mix them too much. 7. The Way to clarify Honey, is to ſet it over the Fire in a convenient Veffel, till the Scum riſe, and when the Scum is taken off, it is clarified. 8. 'The uſual Doſe of Cordial Electuaries, is from Half a Drachm to two Drachms; of purging Electuaries, from Half an Ounce to an Ounce. 9. The Manner of keeping them is in a Pot. 10. The Time of taking them, is either in a Morning faft- ing, and fafting an Hour after them; or at Night going to Bed, three or four Hours after Supper. CHAP The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 379 CHA P. VII. VII. Of Conſerves. ΤΗ a HE Way of making Conſerves is twofold, one of Herbs and Flowers, and the other of Fruits. 2. Conſerves of Herbs, and Flowers, are thus made: If you make your Conſerves of Herbs, as of Scurvy-graſs, Wormwood, Rue, and the like, take only the Leaves and tender Tops (for you may beat your Heart out before you can , beat the Stalks fmall) and having beaten them, weigh them, and to every pound of them add three Pound of Sugar, beat them very well together in a Mortar, you cannot beat them too much. 3. Conſerve of Fruits, as of Barberries, Sloes, and the like, is thus made: Firit fcald the Fruit, then rub the Pulp thro' a thick hair Sieve made for the purpoſe, called a Pulping Sieve ; you may do it for a Need with the Back of a Spoon; then take this Pulp thus drawn, and add to itits Weight of Sugar, and no more; put it in a Pewter Veffel, and over a Charcoal Fire; ftir it up and down till the Sugar be melted, and your Conſerve is made. 4. Thus you have the way of making Conſerves; the Way of keeping them is in Earthen Pots. 5. The Doſe is ufually the Quantity of a Nutmeg at a Time, Morning and Evening, or (unleſs they are Purging) when you pleaſe. 6. Of Conſerves, fome keep many Years, as Conſerves of Rofes; others but a Year, as Conſerves of Borage, Buglofs, Cowſlips, and the like. 7. Have a Care of the working of ſome Conſerves pre- fently after they are made, look to them once a Day, and ſtir them about ; Conſerves of Borage, Buglofs, Wormwood, have gotten an excellent Faculty at that Sport. 8. You may know when your Conſerves are almoſt ſpoiled by this; you ſhall find a hard Cruſt at Top with little Holes in it, as though Worms had been eating there. a a R 4 C H A : 380 The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. CHA P. VIII. Of Preſerves. F Preſerves are ſundry Sorts, and the Operations of all Theſe are preſerved with Sugar. 1. Flowers. 2. Fruits. 3. Roots. 4. Barks. a 1. Flowers are but very ſeldom preſerved; I never ſaw any that I remember, fave only Cowſlip Flowers, and that was a great Faſhion in Suſſex when I was a Boy : It is thus done: Firſt, take a flat Glaſs, we call them Jat Glaſſes ; ſtrew in a Laying of fine Sugar, on that a Laying of Flowers, on that another Laying of Sugar, on that another Laying of Flowers, ſo do till your Glaſs be full; then tie it over with a Paper, and in a little Time you ſhall have very excellent and pleaſant Preſerves. There is another Way of preſerving Flowers ; namely, With Vinegar and Salt, as they pickle Capers and Broom Pads; but becauſe I have little Skill in it myſelf, I cannot teach you. 2. Fruits, as Quinces, and the like, are preſerved two Ways. Firſt, Boil them well in Water, and then pulp them thro' a Sieve, as we ſhewed you before; then with the likeQuan- tity of Sugar, boil the Water they were boiled in into a Sy- rup, viz. a Pound of Sugar to a lint of Liquor; to every Pound of this Syrup, add four Ounces of the Pulp; then beil it with a very gentle Fire to their rightConſiftence, which you may eaſily know, if you drop a Drop of it upon a Trencker; if it be encugh, it wil not ſtick to your Fingers when it is cold. Secondly, Another Way to preſerve Fruits, is this: Firſt, pare off the Rind, then cut them in Halves, and take out the Core; then boil them in Water till they are ſoft; if you know when Beef is boiled enough, you may eafily know when they are; then boil the Water with its like Weight of Sugar into a The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 381 a Syrup; put the Syrup into a Pot, and put the boiled Fruit as whole as you left it when you cut it into it, and let it re- main till you have Occaſion to uſe it. 3. Roots are thus preſerv'd: Firſt, fcrape them very clean, and cleanſe them from the Pith, if they have any, for ſome Roots have not, as Eringo, and the like; boil them in Water till they be foft, as we ſhewed you before in the Fruits, then boil the Water you boiled the Root in into a Syrup, as we fhewed you before, then keep the Root whole in the Syrup till you uſe them. 4. As for Barks, we have but few come to our Hands to be done, and thoſe, of thoſe few that I can remember, are Oranges, Lemons, Citrons, and the outer Bark of W: which grow. without-fide the Shell, for the Shells themſelves would make but fcurvy Preſerves; theſe be they I can re- member, if there be any more, put them into the Number. The Way of preſerving theſe, is not all one in Authors, for ſome are bitter, ſome are hot; ſuch as are bitter, ſay Authors, muit be foaked in warm Water, oftentimes changing till their bitter Taſte be fled : But I like not this Way, and my Reaſon is this: becauſe I doubt when their Bitterneſs is gone, fo is their Virtue alſo; I ſhall then preſcribe one common Way, namely, the ſame with the former, viz. Firſt boil them whole till they be foft, then make a Syrup with Sugar and the Li- quor you boiled them in, and keep the Barks in the Syrup. 5. They are kept in Glaſſes, or in Glaz'd Pots. 6. The preſervd Flowers will keep a Year, if you can forbear eating of them; the Roots and Barks much longer. 7. This artwas plainly and firſt invented for Delicacy, yet came afterwards to be of excellent Ufe in Phyfick: For, Firſt, Hereby Medicines are made pleaſant for ſick and fqueamiſh Stomachs, which elſe would loath them. Secondly, Hereby they are preſery'd from decaying a long Time. RS CHAP 382 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. CHA P. IX. Of Lohochs. TH a HAT which the Arabians call Lohochs, and the Greeks Eclegma, the Latins call Linctus, and in plain Engliſh fignifies nothing elſe, but a Thing to be lick'd up. 2. Their firſt Invention was to prevent and remedy Af: fi&tions of the Breaſt and Lungs, to cleanſe the Lungs of Phlegm, and make it fit to be caſt out. 3. They are in Body thicker than a Syrup, and not ſo thick as an Electuary 4. The Manner of taking them is, often to take a little with a liquoriſh Stick, and let it go down at Leiſure. 5. They are eaſily thus made: Make a Decoction of pec- toral Herbs, and the Treatiſe will furniſh you with enough, and when you have ſtrained it, with twice its Weight of Ho- ney or Sugar, boil it to a Lohoch; if you are moletted with much Phlegm, Honey is better than Sugar; and if you add a little Vinegar to it, you will do well; if not, I hold Sugar to be better than Honey. 6. It is kept in Pots, and may be kept a Year, and longer, 7. It is excellent for Roughneſs of the Wind-pipe, Inflam- mations of the Lungs, Ulcers in the Lungs, Difficulty of Breath, Afthmas, Coughs, and Diſtillations of Humours. a C H A P. X. Of Ointments. VA " Arious are the Ways of making Ointments, which Authors have left to Pofterity, which I ſhall omit, and quote one which is eaſieſt to be made, and therefore moft beneficial to People that are ignorant in Phyfick, for whoſe fake I write this. It is thus done : Bruiſe thoſe Herbs, Flowers, or Roots, you will make an Ointment of, and to two Handfuls of your bruiſed Herbs add a Pound of Hogs Greaſe dried, or cleanſed from the Skins, beat them very well together in a Stone Mortar with a Wooden Peſtle, then put it into a Stone Pot, (the Herb and Greaſe I mean, not the Mortar) cover it with a Paper, and fet The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 383 ſet it either in the Sun, or ſome other warm Place, three, four, or five Days, that it may melt; then take it out and boil it a little ; then whilft it is hot, ftrain it out, preſfing it out very hard in a Preſs; to this Greaſe add as many more Herbs bruiſed as before, let them ſtand in like manner as long, then boil them as you did the former; if you think your Ointment be not ſtrong enough, you may do it the third and fourth Time; yet this I tell you, the fuller of Juice the Herbs are, the fooner will your Ointments be ſtrong; the laſt Time you boil it, boil it fo long till your Herbs be criſp, and the Juice confumed, then ſtrain it, preſſing it hard in a Preſs, and to every Pound of Ointment add too Ounces of Turpen- tine, and as much Wax, becauſe Greaſe is offenſive to Wounds, as well as Oil. 2. Ointments are vulgarly known to be kept in Pots, and will laſt above a Year, ſome above two Years. С C H A P. XI. Of Pleiſters, 1. T و HE Greeks made their Plaiſters of divers Simples, and put Metals into moſt of them, if not all ; for having reduced their Metals into Powder, they mixed them with that fatty Subſtance whereof the reſt of the Plaifter con- fifted, whilft it was yet hot, continually ſtirring it up and down, left it ſhould fink to the Bottom; ſo they continually ſtirrd it till it was ſtiff; then they made it up in Rolls, which when they needed for Uſe, they could melt by Fire again. 2. The Arabians, made up theirs with Oil and Fat, which needeth not ſo long boiling. 3. The Greeks Emplaiſters conſiſted of theſe Ingredients, Metals, Stones, divers Sorts of Earth, Feces, Juices, Liquors, Seeds, Roots, Herbs, Excrements of Creatures, Wax, Roſin, Gums, СНАР. 384 Ibe Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. 2.. PO CHA P. XII. Of Poultices. Oultices are thoſe kinds of Things which the Latins call Cataplaſmata, and our Learned Fellows, that if they can read Engliſh, that's all, call them Cataplaſms, becauſe'tis a crabbed Word few underſtand; it is indeed a very fine Kind of Medicine to ripen Sores. 2. They are made of Herbs and Roots, fitted for the Dif- eaſe and Members afflicted, being chopped ſmall, and boiled in Water almoſt to a Jelly; then by adding a little Barley- Meal, or Meal of Lupins, and a little Oil, or rough ſweet Suet, which I hold to be better, ſpread upon a Cloth and ap- plied to the grieved Place. 3. Their Uſe is to eaſe Pain, to break Sores, to cool In- flammations, to diffolve Hardneſs, to eaſe the Spleen, to con- coct Humours, and diſipate Swellings. 4. I beſeech you take this Caution along with you; Uſe no Poultices (if you can helpit) that are of an healing Nature, before you have firſt cleanſed the Body, becauſe they are ſubject to draw the Humours to them from every part of the Body. CHAP. XIII. Of Troches. HE Latins call them Placentula, or little Cakes, (and you might have ſeen what the Greeks call them too, had not the laſt Edition of my Engliſh Diſpenſatory been ſo Helliſhly Printed; that's all the Kingdom gets by one Sta- tioner printing another's Copies, viz. to plague the Country with falſe Prints, and diſgrace the Author) the Greeks: τροχίσκοις, κυκλίσκοι, and άρτισκοι ; they are uftually little round flat Cakes, or you may make them ſquare if you will. 2. Their firſt Invention was, that. Powders being ſo kept, might reſiſt the Intremiffion of Air, and fo endure pure the longer. 3. Beſides, they are the eaſier carried in the Pockets of ſuch as travel; as many a Man (for Example) is forced to travel whoſe Stomach is too cold, or at leaſt not ſo hot as it ſhould be, which is moſt pruper, for the Stomach is never cold tiil 2 Man be dead; in ſuch a Caſe, it is better to carry Troches of Wormwood, or Galangal, in a Paper in his Pocket, and more TY The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged395 . . more convenient by Half, than to lay a Gallipot along with him. 4. They are made thus: " At Night, when you go to Bed, take two Drams of fine Gum Tragacanth; put it into a Galli- pot, and put Half a Quarter of a Pintof any diſtilled Water fit- ting for the Purpoſe you would make yourTroches for, to it, to cover it, and the next Morning you ſhall find it in ſuch a Jelly as the Phyſicians call Mucilage: With this you may (with a little Pains taking) make a Powder into Paſte, and that Paſte into Cakes call'd Troches. 5. Having made them, dry them in the Shade, and keep them in a Pot for your Uſe. a 1. "T CHAP. XIV. Of Pills. HEY are called Pilula, becauſe they reſemble little Balls; the Greeks call them Cetapotia. 2. It is the Opinion of Modern Phyſicians, that this Way of making Medicines, was invented only to deceive the Pa- late, that lo, by ſwallowing them down whole, the Bitterneſs of the Medicine might not be perceived, or at leaſt it might not be unſufferable, and indeed moſt of their Pills, tho' not all, are very bitter. 3 I am of a clean contrary Opinion to this; I rather think they were done up in this hard Form, that ſo they might be the longer in digeſting; and my Opinion is grounded upon Reaſon too, not upon Fancy, or Hear-fay. The firſt Inven- tion of Pills was to purge the Head; now as I told you before, ſuch Infirmities as lie near the Paſſages, were beſt removed by Decoctions, becaufe they paſs to the grieved Part ſooneft; here, if the Infirmity lies in the Head, or any other remote Part, the beſt Way is to uſe Pills, becauſe they are longer in Digeſtion, and therefore the better able to call the offending Humour to them. 4 4. If I ſhould tell you here a long Tale of Medicines work- ing by Sympathy and Antipathy, you would not underſtand a Word of it: they that are ſet to make Phyſicians, may find it in the Treatiſe : All Modern Phyſicians know not what be- longs to a Sympathetical Cure, no more than a Cuckow what belongs to Flats and Sharps in Mufick; but follow the vulgar Road, and call it a hidden Quality, becauſe 'tis hidden from the Eyes of Dunces, and indeed none but Aſtrologers can give fo 386 The Engliſh Phyſician Enlarged. а give a Reaſon for it; and Phfiyck without Reaſon, is like a Pudding without Fat. 5: The Way to make Pills is very eaſy, for with the Help of a Peſtle and Mortar, and a little Diligence, you may make any Powder into Pills, either with Syrup, or the Jelly I told a you before. T! CAP. ult. The Way of mixing Medicines, according to the Cauſe of the Diſeaſe, and Part of the Body aflicted. HIS being indeed the Key of the Work, I ſhall be ſomewhat the more diligent in it. I ſhall deliver my ſelf thus : 1. To the Vulgar. To ſuch as ſtudy Aſtrology; or ſuch as ftudy Phyfick aſtro- logically. Firit, To the Vulgar: Kind Souls, I am ſorry it hath been your hard Miſ-hap to have been ſo long trained in ſuch Egyp- tian Darkneſs, even Darkneſs which to your Sorrow may be felt: The vulgar Road of Phyſick is not my Practice, and I am therefore the more unfit to give you Advice, and I have now * publiſhed a little Book which will fully inſtruct you not only in the * Galen's Art of Phy- Knowledge of your own Bodies, but fick. alſo in fit Medicines to remedy each Part of it when afflicted; in the mean Seafon take theſe few Rules to ſtay your Stomachs. 1. With the Diſeaſe, regard the Cauſe, and the Part of the Body afflicted; for Example, ſuppoſe a Woman be ſubject to miſcarry, through Wind; thus do : I. Look Abortion in the Table of Diſeaſes, and you ſhall be directed by that, how many Herbs prevent Miſcarriage. 2. Look Wind in the fame Table, and you ſhall ſee how many of thoſe Herbs expel Wind. Theſe are the Herbs Medicinal for your Grief . 2. In all Diſeaſes, ſtrengthen the part of the Body afflicted. 3. In mix'd Diſeaſes there lies fome Difficulty, for ſome- times two parts of the Body are aflicted with contrary Hu- mours, as ſometimes the Liver is afflicted with Choler and Water, as when a Man hath both the Dropfy and the Yellow Jaundice; and this is uſually mortal. In a The Engliſh Pbyſician Enlarged. 387 a In the former, Suppoſe the Brain be too cold and moiſt, and the Liver be too hot and dry ; thus do: 1. Keep your Head outwardly warm. 2. Accuftom yourſelf to ſmell of hot Herbs. 3. Take a Pill that heats the Head at Night going to Bed. 4. In the Morning take a Decoction that cools the Liver, for that quickly pafſeth the Stomach, and is at the Liver im- mediately You muſt not think (courteous People) that I can ſpend Time to give you Examples of all Diſeaſes; theſe are enough to let you ſee ſo much light as you without Art are able to receive ; if I ſhould ſet you to look at the Sun, I ſhould daz- zle your Eyes, and make you blind. Secondly, To ſuch as ftudy Aſtrology, (who are the only Men I know that are fit to ſtudy Phyfick, Phyfick without Aſtrology being like a Lamp without Oil) you are the Men I exceedingly reſpect, and ſuch Documents as my Brain can give you at preſent (being abſent from my Study) I ſhall give you. 1. Fortify the Body with Herbs of the Nature of the Lord of the Aſcendant, 'tis no matter whether he be a Fortune or Infortune in this Cafe. 2. Let your Medicine be fomething Antipathetical to the Lord of the Sixth. 3. Let your Medicine be fomething of the Nature of the Sign aſcending 4. If the Lord of the Tenth be ſtrong, make Uſe of his Medicines, 5. If this cannot well be, make Uſe of the Medicines of the Light of Time. 6. Be ſure always to fortify the griev'd Part of the Body by Sympathetical Remedies. 7. Regard the Heart, keep that upon the Wheels, becauſe the Sun is the Foundation of Life, and therefore thoſe univer- fal Remedies, Aurum Potabile, and the Philoſopher's Stone, cure all Diſeaſes by fortifying the Heart. The The TABLE of Diſeaſes. A 162 364 10 316 Biting of mad Dogs, 4 15 28 46 A 45 37 30 75 Bortion, 50 294 327 Beaſts venomous, 4 15 25 31 40 Aconitum, 256 45 Adders, 93 3.0 Biting of Serpents, 11 23 25 28 After birth, 28 31 54 84 91 108 131 139 175 193 223 226 256 Back, eafeth Pains, 4 295 336 349 Back ſtrengtheneth, ibib. Agues, 7 9 15 20 29 39 42 58 Bruiſes inward, 57 888 93 112 124 126 131 Breaſt cleanfeth, ibid. 240 142 150 151 162 174 177 Cnt and cleanſe tough Humours of 180 183 191 97 202 212 227 the breaſt, 8 266 288 290 302 313 318 327 Breaking out in any part of the Body, 323 325 326 331 345 348 350 363 Burſten, 27 297 318 336 Agues in the Breaft, 13 rains, 140 Andicomes, 54 209 Binding, 11 13 41 44 109 138 176 Apofthumes, 86 114. 127 140 14.8 224. 234 259 324 334 350 171 186 235 247 Beauty, -7 101 123 154 299 Appetite to procure, 12 29 39 42 Breath finking, 215 284 313 317 83 84. 183 205 239 270 280 330 364 Breath ſhort, 15 28 32 34 54 125 Appetite loft, 150 156 190 315 Bleeding, 7 16 20 36 39 48 59 63 Arteries, 27 33 78 160 72 83 93 100 138 14.1 165 170 St. Anthony's Fire, 37 83 96 102 176 77 185 187 195 200 209 119 156 163 134 203 265 278 220 224 231 257 267 269 290 290 293 255 296 299 300 312 324 338 342 Almonds in the Ears, 46 71 231 345 355 Ach, 236 273 325 Bleeding by Leaches ſtays, 33 Aduft Choler, 73 117 Bleeding inward, 36 43 100 Aduft Melancholy, 147 Blood, 129 288 328 Afthma, 356 Blood cooleth, 30 49 266 279 288 Apoplexy, 188 192 211 217 394 32 1 Armpits, ill Scent, 276 330 Biood ill, 50 B Blood purgeth, 56 212 Blindneſs, 195 289 Bloody Flux, 7.28 30 48 53 59 88 Blows, 203 226 93 94 137 138 143 144 154 Belly-acb, 69 206 225 329 338 157 162 181 184 185 195 222 Bones out of Joint, 2:8 225 268 274 311 315 321 334 Biaftings by Lightning, 267 Burnings by Gunpowder, ibid. Black and blue Spots, 45 75 83 Bloody Urine, 6 267 227 398 360 Biting of Rats and Mice, 163 Bowels, 75 90 118 160 278 Baldneſs. 37 123 202 350 360 Black Jaundice, 158 315 326 Barrenneſs, 18 74 137 230 Bees, 177 202 Belly, 27 33 153 183 191 197 Bladder, 58 65 101 110 131 134 203 222 229 258 259 136 157 152 194 203 345 347 Belly opens, 24 259 269 281 Blifters, 36 107 269 317 Belly binds, 282 287 Breaft, 99 138 142 262 Belching, 63 343 Breath difficulty 2 290 Back, 96 101 228 348 354 265 IIO Brain, The TABLE of Diſeaſes. 336 Brain 23 27 70 90 103 122 128 228 230 243 256 261 266 274 151 177 182 188 192 245 258 284 290 295 300 336 343 345 Burning 4 29 29 36 37 53 96 Cough in Children 276 110 123 163 178 181 193 247 Cattle poiſoned 170 252 254 258 Choler in the Stomach 147 Blemiſhes 138 Choler 11 29 79 99 117 122 129 Birth 2 3 131 142 147 153 169 180 190 Bruiſes 29 33 38 40 52 61 75 83 202 205 214 260 270 278 279 88 IIO IIS 131 150 180 187 287 -324 342 359 199 204 227 230 252 298 311 Choler black 28 Choler purgeth 4 311 Bots 150 Cold 39 69 zo8 221 230 256 333 Boils 29 40 90 189 225 294 352 Bees ſtinging 304 Chilblains 137 167 184 Breaſts 97 140 158 214 256 Cods 33 167 184 201 336 353 Bones broken 54 57 61 97 114 127 Congealed Blood 2 2191 119 135 130 134 141 157 219 298 308 137 с Cooling 13 41 81 138 162 334 Carbuncles 304 308 350 Cools the Liver 266 Caſting 79 312 Convulſions 3 25 39 54 68 80 86 Conception helpeth 74 295 101 126 142 148 150 151 IO Cholerick Puſhes 96 163 183 138 203 221 225 306 -Fluxes 266 318 332 356 Humours 139 254 324 Cramp 325 53 54 68 69 80 86 Corruption 99 101 126 134 142 148 150 151 Counter Poiſon 181 182 202 153 163 182 188 203 208 221 Conſumption of the Lungs 205 224 223 225 230 249 256 267 288 Catarrhs 203 265 322 296 306 318 325 328 337 356 Conſumption so 53 54 65 66 151 Cachexia 8 12 112 174. 182 245 258 356 Cancers 753 77 88 94 139 Clotted Blood 288 Cantharides 45 234 Coftiveneſs 87 Cankers 37 46 61 65 66 71 72 Corroſion 140 IIZ 121 126 138 142 144 157 Curdled Milk 33 159 185 229 258 273 276 304 313 Cut Fingers 314 325 333 D Child-birth 39 13+ Drowſineſs 283 Chops 161 204 352 Diſeaſe ſudden 3 Cleanſing 36 1) 115 145 154 raw forth the Dead Child ibid. Cleanſe the Blood 92 Drive away Flies or Waſps 9 Cleanfe the Rody of ſharp Humours Dithculty of making Water 24 that cauſe the Itch and Scabs 8 Caufe Delivery of Women 32 Chincough 336 Dificulty of Breathing 64 103 113 Cholick 3 7 15 27 45 69 75 80 230 234 123 127 130 131 142 159 162 Defluxions of Rheum 265 273 37% 166 171 179 183 183.225 228 379 283 289 293 259 282 291 303 306 326 3 0 Defluxions of Blood 355 Coagh 7 15 32 39 48 51 54 81 85 Dandruff 37 115 204 214 308 88 96 103 131 134 136 137 142 Dead Child 3 54 55 131 139 147 151 161 165 172 174 176 183 209 24.9 349 194 199 200 203.205 222 225 Deformity 131 136 254 321 De afneſs Cheft 242 The TABLE of Diſeaſes. 360 81 Deafneſs, 573 137 167 205 303 317 268 274 326 333 309 349 353 350 Diabetes, or them that cannot keep Eyes inflamed, 17192 210 133 317 their Water, 46 113 338 365 F Digefts, 15 28 37 87 Flies, to keep them from Sores of Diffolve inward congeald Blood, 28 Cattle, 21 Films in the Eyes, 91 133 122 349 Dyſury, 32 33 34 37 45 53 56 57 Flagging Breaſts, 187 58 64 65 82 99 105 108 112 117 Fainting Spirits, 270 118 783 127 132 139 148 151 Flegmatic Humours, 310 323 153 154 158 162 174 176 180 Flux of Blood, 312 338 354 181 184 184 197 200 227 234 Falling off of Hair, 273 365 239 241 272 328 341-343 Face, 27 354 Diſlocations, 53 57 Fainting, 157 150 168 224 229 341 Dogs, 39 150 175 Falling Sickneſs, 3 88 101 134 137 Dropfy, 12 23 25 32 39 54 53 69 145 ISI 169 380 110 183 188 77 122 127 137 148 162 164 222 217 227 239 242 246 249 169 172 182 193 205 208 220 251 256 257 262 265 295 346 222 239 240 249 256 290 302 Falls, 2 4 52 61 83 110 115 185 314 322 326 331 345 203 236 298 338 Dimneſs of Light, I 9 183 211 Fat decreaſeth, 133 249 255 247 283 303 354 Felons, 2 21 33 77 229 Dulneſs of Spirit, 151 295 Flegm, II 51 54 65 81 99 106 108 Drying, 13 41 65 100 128 145 122 129 131 136 142 148 150 162 220 234 262 334 350 153 166 199 171 179 181 209 Drunkenneſs, 181 212 221 242 248 256 270 278 Dreams, 190 215 266 303 306 336 340 343 352 Disjunctures, 225 231 Fleas, 13 21 E Fevers, 30 48 50 58 115 140 171 Expel the dead Birth, 3 295 197 202 354 Expel the Plague, 9 Fiftulas, 10 23 61 71 81 112 139 Expel Venom or Poiſon, ibid. 140 157 168 186 229 231 235 Expel the After Birth, 11 15 32 942 247 270 274 304 333 345 Eyes pained, -10 365 Red, ibid Flux, 16 27 37 42 46 59 63 6; 88 -Watering, ibid. 99 ICO 115 138 140 141 144 Evil Diſpoſition of the Body, 7 99 153 154 157 161 164 165 176 Ephialtes or the Mare, 101 177 179 181 183 185 186 187 Excoriations, 124 176 202 230 200 209 218 219 222 224 234 Expel Wind, 179 182 303 336 257 265 268 269 270 274 279 Ears, 33 80 93 122 134 135 137 280 228 177 181 186 215 233 242 244 Forgetfulneſs, 283 247 250 253 278 288 303 307 Freckles, 54 89 101 105 109 110 540 350 116 121 122 126 135 139 163 Ears impoſthumed or foul, 7 197 227 235 247 277 306 308 Earwig, 165 329 345 354 356 Epidemical Diſeaſes, 14 39 52 63 Frenzy, 101 134 177 242 258 265 44 197 234 235 237 310 266 337 345 Eyes, 5 15 24 30 32 39 48 59 77 French Pox, 16 73 127 160 168 80 90 91 107 117 118 121 122 173 205 281 297 311 321 326 124 126 128 138 144 147 165 363 175 178 181 206 232 239 245Fundament, 103 135 203 278 The TABLE of Diſeaſes. G Hoarſeneſs, 81, 136 140 1942.28 265 Gout,in the Hands, Feet andKnees, 10 271 294 353 Galled Feet, 28 Humours, 81 99 100 14.0 172 197 Green Sickneſs, 80 205 213 219 256 278 281 339 Green Wounds, 219 244 247 256 352 354 273 297 301 302 308 345 Humours ill, 56 Gall, 69 111 117 118 165 Hypochondria, 112 117 Gangreens, 58 61 97 112 186 231 Hiccough, 113 132 161 214 3 16 350 Hairs on the Eye-lids, 147 Gnais, 195 Henbane, 141 231 Gout, 3 15 20 28 30 33 39 53 66 Hemlock, ibid. 80 88 97 108 119 123 126 140Heat of Urine, 192 194 256 142 153 159 165 167 170 175 Hair reſtoreth, 194 227 247 27028 183 184 192 208 226 227 229 Helps Digeſtion, 279 300 305 231 233 246 247 248 249 252 Hips, 336 256 258 262 266 288 290 336 Hurts, 338 I 340 34.2 349 Gums, 46 71 161 248 249 278 329 Impofthumes to break, 9 294 Gravel, 54 57 71 72 81 82 99 119 Infection, to preſerve from it, 14 136 148 154 156 158 159 186 279 308 359 208 214 231 240 247 255 272 Inflammations in the Eyes, 159 167 277 300 305 314 345 192 210 233 317 322 329 335 in the Kidneys, 4 25 48 345 Griping, 118 202 Inflammations in the Breaſt and Groin, 225 Lungs, 13 H Inward Pains, 14 Hip Gout, 10 25.89 Inward Ulcers, 176 316 Hearing decay'd, helpeth, 10 Inflammations in Wounds, 268 Hair, to turn it yellow, 29 Joint-aches, 3 279 290 319 338 High Colour, 45 Inflammations cooleth, 34 Hectick Fever, 53 Jaundice Yellow, 2 4 8 7 147 165 Heat, 112 144 163 177 186 265 Jaundice Black, 2 58 147 159 278 Jaundice, 7 12 23 25 32 39 68 69 Head-fore, 37 136 214 111 117 147 165 181 202 229 Head-ach, 57 99 119 122 131 134 239 242 249 279 288 315 326 140 151 117 181 190 210 211 331 347 220 235 242 246 249 279 311 Jaws, 8 323 344 345 346 350 Joints, 20 32 36 58 80 88 97 526 Head, 23 45 48 75 80 101 153 188 143 150 155 159 206 229 231 205 214 245 249 283 290 291 252 256 284 298 299 329 342 Heart purged, 17. Iliack Paſſion, 303 Head grieved with Cold, 3 Inflammations, 4 5 13 30 33 45 Head comforteth, 27 28 47 50 52 56 68 71 82 83 90 Heart, maketh it merry, 20 28 221 96 97 102 103 110 118 119 Heart, 63 93 150 151 192 207 122 138 139 140 156 157 159 221 278 283 294 321 323 333 162 163 164 165 167 171 172 341 348 176 177 184 186 187 190 192 Hæmorrhoids, 79 86 97 135 140 194 196 202 203 210 213 220 142 179 184 225 239 317 326 224 225 233 234 247 258 339 252 265 266 268 278 281 Hornets, 361 314 321 323 333 350 355 Impoft The TABLE of Diſeaſes. 279 280 23 Impoſthumes 80 217 229 273 294 Luft provokes 25 85 90 91 166 295 308 301 314 325 334 114 215 227 236 240 Impofthumes hard diſſolve 30 Luft ftops 162 196 226 3:54 Itch 2 IO II 22 30 33 48 50 M 86 88 109 115 126 147 150 Milk amends 132 190 193 348 153 173 174 175 189 205 231 Members disjointed 141 179 261 258 315 325 331 Marks 196 206 248 249 252 284 Indigeſtion, 39 75 150 190 197 298 299 Mandrakcs 231 K Matrix 46 278 Kibes 137 167 184 Milk too much Knots in the Fleſh 88 95 314 Marks in the Skin 33 Kernels 110 159 204 324 336 341 Mare 62 251 King's Evil 20 30 53 71 79 127 Madneſs 159 370 + 135 146 150 153 184 196 204 Mad Dogs 4 15 28 39 122 137 215 223 236 273 288 304 325 14.8 150 214 231 237 352 353 359 353 Meaſles 45 46 207 209 338 Kidneys 58 102 157 184 163 328 Megrim 32 140 325 348 Melancholy 10 26 28 50 63 117 L 127 131 151 169 199 212 213 Liver annoyed by Heat or Cold 7 221 248 249 250 260 261 287 Liver to ſtrengthen 7 204 320 326 327 330 348 Lungs to ſtrengthen 9 Memory 23 73 128 183 192 211 Lungs exulcerated ibid. 283 284 296 Lalks 12 93 224 270 279 287 301 Mother 4 18 25 32 39 40 45 54 Liver grown 61 292 64 77 113 119 126 131 183 Limbs 183 226 208 242 221 230 231 234 242 Loſs of Voice 188 247 256 290 303 304 306 318 Louſy Lun 227 319 350 Loins pained 229 336 348 Mineral Vapcurs 148 Leproly 4 7 30 54. 68 124 135 Mind 8 135 139 169 170 133 205 2 5 Milk in Nurſes 50 132 202 262 227 230 235 281 308 326 327 263 275 353 Milk curdliog 33 Lethargy 3 17 148 188 227 242 Milk in Cattle 95 246 283 295 296 303 304 337 Mouth 788 209 210 Liver 28 42 63 68 86.99 109 111 Morphew 4 54. ITO 112 113 115 115 117 118 124 142 147 150 116 121 122 126 136 137 163 156 159 161 172 175 188 194 173 174 191 197 203 227 230 202 214 234 238 272 279 283 247 277 290 300 329 345 353 284 288 310 321 331 339 347 356 Liver openeth 7 Mufcles cut 94 203 Liver purgeth and cleanſeth 7 12 Miſcarriage 209 Lice 12 58 137 172 173 209 325 326 Muſhrooms 132 227 244 216 Leachery 164 N Loathing of Meat 115 132 209 288 Nocturnal Pollutions 160 216 Locfeneſs 133 Looſe Teeth 126 267 278 329 Neck 332 366 Longings 209 346 Navels of Children 267 336 Lungs 14 15 84 96 103 139 137 Nails in the Fleſh draw forth 7 217 138 198 200 228 245 246 260 Nipples 141 261 336 338 347 356 Nerves Nettles 377 The TABLE of Diſeaſes. Nerves 32 47 peftilential Feyers 193 207 254 306 Nightſhade eaten 231 374 Noiſe in the Ears 37 127 167 Pains in the Sides 204 288 290 308 I-2 173 205 206 312 321 335 Nits 203 326 Palate of the Mouth 215 Noſe 178 Pains in the Neck 223 267 Noli me tangere 138 Pains in the Ears 259 262 278 288 o 291 3:3 3:6 Obſtructions of the Liver 2 3 8 Procureth Sleep 265 278 279 23 27 28 37 30 111 132 139 145 Pains in the Head 265 278 279 294 147 173 175 194 195 204 206 337 247 256 289 292 302 313 321 Pains in the Eyes 278 Pains in the Stomach, Belly, Spleen 323 371 349 Obſtructions of the Gall 80 III 117 or Sides 251 I 27 123 199 3 2 328 Pains 9 39 58 113 223 227 273 Obſtructions of the Reins 225 247 Pain in the Reins 5 Pains eafed that come of Cold or 349 Open the Body 290 Wind 14 15 Obſtructions 28 32 37 39 40 54 Pains in the Sides 30 58 80 87 57 80 87 99 106 1 117 127 Palfy 39 86 88 101 22 134 151 130 225 228 292 302 345 180 188 192 199 217 256 298 Obſtructions of the Spleen 2 3.58 304 349 37 80 III 48 173 175 204 Piles 48 96 109 183 184 209 247 205 240 247 255 273 292 313 258 259 339 347 Open the Liver 15 Pilling Blood 7 40 59 82 85 10% Open the Spleen ibid. 179 337 Open 133 Plague 9 10 27 46 52 64 73 108 P 193 290 321 331 Pain in the Bowels 325 335 Peſtilence 47 50 63 77 84 83 108 Purge the Body 334 IIS 119 131 147 148 156 171 Preſerve Health 362 181 182 207 234 235 295 338 Pains in the Stomach 9 30 311 319 341 343 345 352 353 335 Plague reſit 14 Pain in the Spleen 9 90 Plague expelleth 10 Pain in the Belly 9 337 Pleuriſy 83 193 197 202 229 231 Plague Sores 270 304 315 Pox Small 4 46 308 Poiſon 27 32 46 48 50 52 64 71 108 115 121 126 132 150 151 Purge the Liver and Spleen 2 162 171 175 189 193 201 205 Purge the Head 171 208 214 227 229 234 235 256 Poiſon expelleth 10 270 290 315 318 324 334 33% Pin and Web, Skin and Films over 341 348 350 the Sight 19 80 165 192 Poiſon refifteth 14 32 Purge for the Spring 12 Phthifick 15 42 84 161 115 194. Preſervative againſt allDiſeaſes cauſed 202 222 238_245 257 261 266 hy Saturn 16 283 284 Purge Choler 23 2.12 260 279 Purples 46 338 281 287 288 Puſhes 40 86 96 140 261 262 267 Purge Phlegm 23 260 288 295 318 321 323 327 360 Putrefaction 99 189 280 334 Pimples 105 139 147 176 184 Paffion of the Heart -124 283 281 290 308 318 323 329 363 Purgeth by Urine 150 Poly Pricks 4 The TABLE of Diſeaſes. 335 346 Polypus, 108 109 121 231 261 Stop Defluxions of the Head and Privities, 96 159 193 195 285 Stomach, 282 Q Spots, Scars and Marks in the Skin, Quartan Agues, 127 169 179 260 310 269 Stop Defluxions of the Eyes, 323 Quotidian Agues, 99 127 Sore Legs, 329 Quinſy, 48 88 101 172 197 238 Short-winded, 343 273 347 350 360 Superfluous Fleſh, 394 R Strengthens Members out of Joint, 7 Refreſhing to Feet galled with tra- Sore Mouth, 9 147 149 154 202 velling, 139 214 224 231 258 268 269 Radical Moiſture, 55 273 279 296 310 314 315 322 Red Eyes, 86 266 279 280 Redneſs, 84 333 Sore Throat, 9 147 154 202 214 Retention of Meat, 283 365 224 231 248 268 273 279 286 Running Sores, 304 311 322 335 346 Raw Humours, 100 109 113 Sores in the Privy Parts, 10 267 Rheum, 99 109 103 110 143 177 302 311 318 181 186 208 212 230 339 347 Spaſmus, 123 332 Reds, 49 278 339 Sharpneſs of Urine, 124 Red Faces, 86 176 339 Skin, 104 IJO 131 152 252 276 Reins, 58 102 127 131 134 136 285 317 322 339 345 353 163 184 189 194 203 255 280 Scald Heads, 25 48 193 305 325 328 337 338 343 347 Scaldings, 29 123 181. 193 202 Rickets, 120 332 238 247 258 335 Ringworms, 50 54 73 77 113 169 Scabs, 10 12 29 33 37 41 46 61 175 194 233 290 304 308 319 66 86 82 115 147 150 153 362 160 173 183 189 205 214 231 Roughneſs of Skin, 202 227 234 247 248 284 290 304 308 Running of the Reins, 16 46 191 325 327 338 353 194 266 279 288 293 299 301 Scabby, ſcald, or leprous Heads, 2 305 48 8o 146 184 Ruptures, 40 43 44 46 53 68 89 Scars, 68 104 196 285 341 94 99 101 109 110 119 123 Sciatica, 10 15 20 24 33 65 80 130 150 154 155 166 176 187 89 103 104 113 134 141 143 203 225 238 275 292 298 301 154 155 159 167 169 170 180 329 338 183 199 203 227 229 232 246 s 252 256 262 272 273 288 304 Sight deeayed thro' Age, 128 318 336 342 Serpents drive away, ibid. Scurf, 41 109 123 135 173 199 Sadneſs, 131 200 202 303 354 Sore Breaſts, 138 267 Serpents biting, 295 341 Stinking Waters, 148 249 Serpents ſtinging, 7 31 129 Strengthens Nature, 151 Seed increaſeth, 87 127 Speech lost, 192 Scurvy, 56 105 183 190 205 272 Scabby Heads, 202 230 338 277 310 Sweat provoketh, 208 Sides, 99 145 150 175 296 Stupidity of the Senſe, 211 283 Stiffneſs, 36 Sore Travel, 241 Shingles, 89 242 258 Sucking Children, 239 Shortneſs of Breath, 108 134 137 Swoln Gums, 267 172 178 182 198 200 208 229 Stiffneſs of Sinews, ibid, 230 The TABLE of Diſeaſes. 230 240 247 261 266 284 316 288 293 303 314 320 325 328 Sunbuinings, 38 101 120 121 122 345 Smell loft helpeth, 17 192 247 Small Pox, 207 277 295 333 Swoonings, 28 51 127 150 221 Sneezing, 14 206 246 242 279 341 Sores, 4 48 49 63 65 68 72 119 Sinews, 40 48 65 69 86 199 134 13C 141 IGO 185 193 200 214 143 159 166 193 206 210 223 256 259 267 277 287 290 296 236 308 346 353 297 298 311 318 320 338 343 T Sores old, 7 290 302 308 318 325 Teeth clean, 12 Sores running, 37 Thruſts, 5 Spitting of Blood, 27 39 4.8 85 97 Tumours, 20 115 125 180 181 234 243 257 Tired Horſe, 21 278 288 295 312 326 337 364 Teneſmus, 101 Splinters, 7 54 20 113 127 153 Teeth hollow, 194 4 164 225 227 254 318 344 Teſticles, 220 223 Spleen, 4 20 58 69 104 111 117 Tendons or Muſcles, 247 125 27 129 130 134 142 147 Tough Phlegm, 304 305 319 329 148 161 162 172 181 188 199 Teeth black, 146 Teeth looſe, 12 154 322 200 202 205 211 214 217 227 231 239 260 310 318 320 321 Teeth, 245 247 326 336 338 349 356 362 Tertian Agues, 257 324 Spleen,mollify the Hardneſs thereof, 3 | Terms ſtops, 18 46 77 88 102 138 Spots, 27 33 54 64 80 101 105 144 157 161 176 179 1952 9 109 135 38 163 172 191 196 221 233 247 259 266 268 278 197 283 353 301 315 319 326 338 350 Stitches, 25 27 39 44 58 69 74 125 Terms provokes, 3 9 17 39 56 64 150 183 235 296 343 89 89 105 114 125 131 148 Stomach, 459 75 83 106 109 124 151 152 170 181 183 199 205 129 142 150 166 152 174 178 221 230 239 29° 303 334 337 182 197 205 214 2 9 244 259 349 360 278 279 283 288 293 321 330 Tetters, 41 73 165 175 177 213 335 337 259 290 304 315 352 Stomach warms, 11 84 Thorns, 55 90 127 153 175 225 Stomach cools, 30 304 Stoppings, II 23 118 Thirſt, 143 190 315 321 347 Surfeits, 45 66 195 266 359 Throat, 17 51 71 109 115 785 347 Swellings, 20 41 56 66 68 69 90 Tooth-ach, 4 143 173 227 265 96 TIO 113 115 123 134 156 275 288 325 326 350 353 189 193 202 207 213 257 273 Travail in Women, 156 288 290 294 297 301 308 316 Trembling, 101 117 288 280 322 336 341 347 359 U Swellings of the Cods, 119 172 290 Urine ſharp, 82 347 Strangury, 11 42 65 85 127 136 Urine provokes, 23 73 118 149 150 153 156 176 182 194 213 240 182 205 221 276 288 295 300 256 262 277 293 317 318 328 343 303 309 314 319 354 356 357 Stone, 3 26 32 33 39 43 56 57 65 359 83 87 119 132 136 150 154 156 Vomiting provokes, 12 23 164 170 196 81 183 190 203 Venereal Dreams, 163 190 215 266 208 215 220 234 239 240 243 Ulcers in the Privities, 170 267 305 247 255 259 272 275 277 282 322 Uvula, The TABLE of Diſeaſes. 118 230 Uvula, 185 224 227 231 Womens ſpeedy Delivery, 95 156 Vital Spirits, 192 341 233 252 336 366 Venom, 306 334 338 Womens Longings, 209 346 Ulcers in the Noſe, 291 Women with Child, 187 Vermin, 29 Waſps, 202 304 Venereal Sores, 304 Womens Diſeaſes, 212 Venomous Beaſts, 4 15 31 49 45 Whitloes, 54 229 65 73 115 127 132 142 148 Wind Cholick, 303 354 150 161 162 180 186 205 234 Watchings, 112 163 267 177 190 241 255 325 341 345 352 361 244 Vertigo, 2 3 32 37 54 73 101 Warts, 60 136 217 290 337 354 Wearineſs, 36 39 69 175 231 Veins broken, 52 185 297 Wens, 135 222 333 340 Vipers, 348 Wind, 15 58 81115131 136 197 Ulcers, 4 5 10 15 20 38 46 51 52 210 230 239 283 313 325 343 63 68 77 80 82 86 93 99 110 Wind break, 11 114 119 121 124 129 134 135 Witchcraft, 2 31 39 171 179 217 138 139 142 154 163 169 170 Whites, 5 20 49 88 194.269 283 171 176 200 208 217 218 232 395 254 256 258 269 273 277 293 Worms, 21 39 64 77 100 118 130 1.295 297 301 304 308 310 311 141 150 156 169 175 181 189 313 322 325 336 343 345 353 231 237 290 295 314 325 333 355 365 348 350 Venery, 34 191 234 276 290 Womb, 18 54 134 206 230 308 Vomiting, 5 23 46 62 113 187 328 333 343 214 220 243 249 269 279 298 Wounds, 4 9 40 44 48 58 63 93 337 354 97 171 176 180 187 196 208 213 W 231 235 243 254 257 293 308 Women to cleanfe newly delivered, 2 329 338 342 345 352 Womens Courſes ftop or provoke. Wounds inward, 27 311 See Terms Wry Neck, 120 127 227 Whites ſtop, 5 189 282 329 339 Wrinkles, 101 103 Wheals, 37 66 140 147 265 284 Y 287 318 322 360 Womens Breaſts, 33 167, 173 229 Yellow Jaundice, 50 57 88 127 239 270 139 150 158 172 194 200 213 Wheefings, 64 133 172 203 261 283 295 312 323 338 359. 317 345 F I NI S. HERB QK ११ .८१7 1770 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 3 9015 06346 7875 Culpeper, N. Museum QK 99 .097 1770 The English physician.1770 felly امین بازار // راد Miss Sture Catalog dept.