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જ
તેની ફરીયા
કાં
તો
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પર
કામ કરી
કામ કરી શકે
એ
તો
છે
મારા છે
કો
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છે. આ જ
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:
Er.
REST :
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શકાતી
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તેમાં
- વિનોદ
આ વાત જાણી
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“વા
કારણ
RE BE
કે
નો ન કરી શકાય
કરતા
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પ્રકારના રોજ
ર
દિર નકકી
જો કે મા
છે. 1
મિલકત
જો
મારા કામ ને
જાય છે'
તે તમામ
જ ન કરી
મુજ ને કામ પાર પાડવાની યોજના
રમો
એકજ
બની હતી. વાત
છે
બાજી ./
.
-
આ કાયદો કા કા કામ
કાકા
રો
ર...
:
જા
જાનારા કાન કરી આ
રિએ
જીવ જ
ર.
કરી
શકે
અને વાતની
ટી
રામ રામ
રીતે કરી શકાય
હા
માં તો
વાતનો નથી
વાત
- ક
સી ને કાપીને
કરk
rણના કરી -
ક
જ કરી શકે
ક
કરી છે
,
રકારી
પક
ETAILયારી
,
રામારી
પ
કરી
( 1 કેરી
.
મો
.
ક
A BRIEF SKETCH
OF THE
LIFE AND WORK OF A. S. LIVERMORE
AGAINST A
MONSTER EVIL.
By A. S. Livermore, the Temperance Advocate and
Tobacco Agitator.
SAGINAW, MICH.
Courier Printing and Binding Co.
1890.
*
: ..........
.
.
.L7 8
574 3
HV
6-27-33
INTRODUCTION
1
To a young man that reads this little volume,
it may be the instrument of saving him from
being a Spendthrift, and from a Monster Evil
that may take him on the road to ruin.
Every father and mother who is interested
in the highest good of the children God has
given, should purchase and read this little book,
and explain it to the younger members of the
family. It may prove a means in saving them
from a habit ruinous in its effects to body, mind
and morals. Every teacher in our public and
Sabbath Schools should purchase it, and try
and introduce it to the children. The author
has given it much time and thought.
Herein is a sketch of his life on the plains
in 1865, and the part he took in Indian warfare.
It is so condensed and simplified that anyone can
comprehend it. The author thinks there is more
information in this little volume than in many
more pretentious.
Those who purchase it have the assurance of
making a good investment and aiding a good
cause, by encouraging opposition to a monster
evil.
A. S. L.
SAQINAW, Mich., July, 1890.
.
.
.
:
..
..
.
「..
::
:
::.…
.
.
.
...
A Fight Against a Monster Evil.
-
.
I
.
.
Alfred was born in the town of White Lake,
Oakland County, Michigan.
When only one year of age he came with his
father in the old Indian trail, through the forest,
to the Saginaw Valley. The family settled tem-
porarily at what was then known as Portsmouth,
but more recently as South Bay City.
The father plied his trade, as carpenter, for
two years at Portsmouth, and then took up his
residence in Saginaw City, eighteen miles farther
south.
Saginaw City, like Portsmouth, is to-day a
name of the past ; all the Saginaws having con-
solidated on the spring of 1890. From the west
to the east side of the river the family moved
again at the expiration of one year, to what was
.
..
::
.
35
JAU
.
.
.
"...
À FIGHT 1
AGAINST
!
.
..
.
i
1
1
...
"
1
.
.
then known as East Saginaw. This has been the
home of Alfred ever since. He has seen the city
grow from a small hamlet of a few shanties, to a
population of nearly sixty thousand. Where are
standing to-day some of the most imposing and
largest buildings of the city, once stood pools of
muddy water, over which Alfred rowed in sum-
mer or skated in winter. The author makes no
claim in educational equipment, for when only
eleven years of age, the home circle was broken,
the mother becoming a confirmed invalid, and so
incapacitated to care for her children for five
years, those years in which a boy from eleven to
sixteen most needs a mother's watchful care.
The father at one time held quite a property
in the very heart of the city, but through sickness
this was all lost. The author left school soon
after the mother's bealth failed. Now life began
in earnest He found work in the shingle and
stave mills on Saginaw river until - seventeen
years of age. The war cloud was rolling over the
AN
*
:.
:
3
.
:
.
:.S
.:.
.
.
.
.
#
ME
.
...
A MONSTER EVIL.
.
land. There was call after call for volunteers.
Among those who responded from Michigan, was
Alfred Livermore. He enlisted in the Seventh
Mich. Cavalry, and continued with his regiment
until it was mustered out of service. The regi.
ment saw service in the Shenandoab Valley, and
was in some of the most hotly contested battles.
Those who composed it experienced all the hard-
ships of the soldier's life. But what they
endured in the south was as nothing to what they
endured on the plains of the west, after the
grand review in Washington, in 1865, when every
soldier ought to have been discharged and allowed
to go home, (for they only enlisted for “three
years or during the war"-they did not volun-
teer to cross the plains and fight Indians) but
the First, Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Michigan
Cavalry were ordered westward, as we thought,
simply that the pay roll of some of the high
officials might be the longer extended. Why we
were taken out there instead of the "regulars" we
&
I
.
'
....
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
A FIGHT AGAINST
never knew. The very day after the grand review
we were ordered upon four transports at Alexan-
dria, and as soon as it was understood that they
intended to take us across the plains to fight
Indians, not one in fifty but acted like a wild man.
No wonder! For while we were in camp before
the review, Governor Crapo, of Michigan, had told
us in a speech, "he was pleased with the noble
work our brigade had accomplished in the Shen-
andoah Valley, and was glad some were left to
go home and enjoy the country they had helped
to save ; that in a few more days they would be
with friends and loved ones.”
After having once made up our minds that
we were soon to be at home, and then to have the
news come that we were to be taken again into
active service for an indefinite time, this was too
much, and many brave, strong men trembled
under the chilling thought. Husbands and fathers
who had fondly anticipated meeting wives and
children after so long an absence, felt that all
A MONSTER EVIL.
their hopes were suddenly and cruelly crushed;
for who could tell whether the meetings and
greetings were not to be postponed forever?
These thoughts made the strongest quail. The
apprehension was too well founded. Many a poor
soldier gave up the battle of life, and his body
mingles with the dust of the plains. Had jus-
tice been done, those same men would have been
at home to-day. The physicians declared that
some died of no malady but that of homesick-
ness. I well remember one brave comrade, who
it was said had participated in sixteen different
battles, yet upon the first day's march from
Leavenworth, Kansas, while engaged in driving a
mule team down a steep hill, comrade R. Knell
fell and the wheels of the heavy wagon passed
over his head. His death made a deep impres-
sion, and caused many a tear.
When we started from Alexandria we were
1400 strong ; when we reached Denver City we
were reduced to 650. Many who had not died
10
A FIGHT AGAINST
tem
LU
on the plains had deserted and gone home. We
felt that they had a right to go in any way,
at any time. Those who remained wanted an
honorable discharge, and so endured the injustice ;
but we were told that even those who deserted
from this service were finally honorably dis-
charged.
We were fourteen days in going from Alex-
andria to Leavenworth. We were compelled to
lie upon the upper decks of the boats, by day
exposed to the hot sun, by night to the damp
atmosphere. Our food was “hard tack" and raw
bacon. The boys thought they could behave so
badly that they could discourage the officers from
the contemplated journey across the plains, so
they began by raiding every city and town
wherever a landing was made along the Ohio and
Missouri rivers. It was said that some of the
places raided had large accounts charged to
“Uncle Sam," St. Louis and Cincinnati each put-
ting in a claim for $5,000. The boys feared that
L
11
A MONSTER EVIL.
11
-
1
pay day would bring them nothing; but in this
they were happily mistaken.
When we reached Cincinnati we found the
police force formed in line upon the street where
we landed. They had heard of us and were pre-
pared for the "Bloody Michigan Brigade.” They
thought they would frighten us. But as soon as
the boat landed the boys disembarked and went
through the streets in large squads. Many
saloons were raided of everything in them ; many
a keg of "lager" went rolling down the streets,
and never stopped until safely on the boat. Here
and there the boys were seen plodding along car-
rying bottles of wine and boxes of cigars. News
came that at Louisville they were prepared to
meet us, having a company of artillery stationed
upon a hill fronting the landing. There were no
docks, and landing was made at the water's edge.
We found all things just as reported. Strict
orders were given not to leave the boats. The
boys beeded neither orders nor artillery, nor sol-
t
t
12
TALLI
A FIGHT AGAINST
01
diers. There were four field pieces in position.
The boats landed; the boys began forming in
line. Those on the hill made a pretense of
opposition. Word was given to "charge and
capture those guns!" With drawn sabers and a
wild yell we started. We were not half way up
the hill before the "artillerymen" left their guns
and retreated to camp. The guns were taken
down the hill and turned bottom side up, while
the boys took what they wanted and coolly went
back to the boats. The officers had no control
over them whatever. I was told the major in
command was one day tied hand and foot.
A ride on one of those rivers at that time was sug-
gestive. Nature does some strange things. Here
is a man who thinks he owns a piece of
land on the river bank; in a few years he may
find his land added to that of some one else, on
the other side of the river. There were barns
and other buildings ready to topple into the
water. It brought to my mind the story of the
.
.
..
.
11
:
:."
A
.
..
:
.
10
..
A MONSTER EVIL.
13
man who built his house upon the sand. Often
when structures are erected many rods back
from the water, the banks gradually wear away,
until at last the building must be moved or fall
into the stream. We were told that after a few
years the river replaces the soil it has previously
taken away. We were compelled to drink that
muddy river water, so full of sediment that a
glass, after standing full of it ten minutes would
appear half water and half sand.
After a ride of fourteen days on “upper deck"
we reached Leavenworth, Kansas, at which point
we drew our horses and started across the great
western plains to fight "Red Skins"as they were
called. Now hardships began in earnest. We
were marching on those plains thirty-four days,
excepting the Fourth of July. On that day we
celebrated our “independence!" There was not
.:.
as:
7
T
:
#
V
.
ii
1
..
.
:
*::.
.
.::
upon which we were encamped, besides what was .
in our canteens, The officers directed the com-
.
ve
14
A FIGHT AGAINST
.
.
missary department to issue two barrels of liquor
to the command. Two hours after that liquor
was issued I do not think there was one man in
twenty but that was the worse for it. It caused
many fights and much disturbance. It is a burn-
ing disgrace that such a thing could be possible.
During the whole thirty-four days' march we
had but three or four opportunities to cook our
rations by a wood fire, but we would often
take our blankets and gather buffalo chips."
Even this sort of fuel was scarce, so many trains
having already crossed the plains and depended
on the same fuel supply.
A large share of the time we ate our bacon
raw, and it was so fat there was hardly a streak
of lean meat in it; the hard-tack we fancied were
made B. C. It was a common sight to see the
boys breaking hard-tack between two stones,
before the teeth could make any impression upon
them. The bacon and hard-tack made up our
entire diet for forty-two days. There is not a
*
3.
.
.
*
.
.
A MONSTER EVIL.
15
::..
.
.::
..
$
prison in our land to-day that does not provide
better food for its inmates than those soldier boys
had on the plains. Lack of proper food was only
one of many hardships. The only time in my
life that I can recall when I did not care whether
I lived or died was one morning on the plains.
The night before we had pitched our tents in a
hollow, that our horses might have better pasture.
About 12 o'clock that night it seemed that a
second deluge had come. There was a genuine
“cloud-burst.”. Our tents came down upon us, and
before we had time to realize what had happened
we found ourselves submerged in nearly a foot of
water. Our saddles, always used as pillows, served
to keep our heads above water. The atmosphere
was so cold that we dared not lay aside our
blankets, wet as they were. When morning
came we "turned out,” ran, splashed and swung
our arms to keep the blood in circulation, until
the sun dissipated the fog. We learned that a
person who travels across the plains should be
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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provided with a good overcoat, and rubber coat,
ready for use at all times. Severe storms are
frequent; and the rains seem colder than in winter.
Sometimes on the hottest days the 'mirage" is so
pronounced that travelers imagine they behold
great lakes of clear water, and often we wished
for the sake of our poor horses that the imaginary
lakes were real. There were days together when
the poor beasts had no water, and the men drank
sparingly from their canteens, We followed the
old over-land stage route. Everywhere were vis-
ible the remains of horses and cattle that had
died of thirst. Many a ranchman made for him.
self a snug fortune by buying these exhausted
animals, borses, cattle and mules, at very low
figures, to reinvigorate them, and sell again at an
advance to some passing train. There are many
interesting and strange phenomena to be noticed
in the great west. The Platte river attracts atten-
tion ; it rises in the Rocky Mountains, is in places
shallow and wide, not more than two feet in
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depth anywhere, yet the river bed is composed
so entirely of quick-sand that a person or animal
venturing to remain in the current any length of
time would soon disappear. At one time we
camped at a place called Julesburg, and the peo-
ple told us that if it were a clear morning the
Rocky Mountains would be in sight to the naked
eye, and those mountains are more than one hun.
dred miles away. It seemed incredible. I arose
early that morning, anxious to get a glimpse
of the mountains. There they were ! For two
or three days they appeared as clouds in the dim
distance. Sound travels out here with wonderfully
unimpeded accuracy, and the least sound can be
distinctly heard at long distances. This I learned
from experience. One dark night I was on picket
duty; bad ridden all day and was very tired ; be-
ing young, I needed sleep, too. In spite of my-
selt I fell to dozing on my horse ; suddenly a noise
startled me; it seemed quite near though it may
have been half a mile away. After hearing it, I
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A FIGHT AGAINST
imagined I could see somebody or something
moving toward me. I placed my gun to my
shoulder, raised the hammer and was prepared to
fire if I noticed another move—which I did not.
Laying my gun across my saddle I was soon
dozing again, having forgotten to lower the ham-
mer. As I was sinking more completely into the
arms of morpheus-all at once-bang! went a
gun. I thought some one in very close quarters
had fired, so I wheeled my horse toward the
camp, gave him the spurs, and was off at full
speed. Suddenly it occurred to me that it was
my own gun that had discharged. I checked my
horse, listened and looked, but heard nor saw no
one after me. On examining my gun I found it
had been discharged, and this had caused my
fright. My horse had started so quickly that I
had lost my hat, and it was a long time before I
found it again. I kept awake the remainder of
that night. Military discipline was not strictly
enforced. The men would often shoot at random
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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when they thought they had been kept on picket
duty too long, and as the Indians never made a
night attack, there was no notice taken of my
random shot; but it taught me never again to go
to sleep on horseback with the hammer of my
gun raised. .
Game was abundant; we saw many droves of
antelope, but they were so shy it was almost
impossible to get within shooting range, and we
feared to stray too far from camp, for the Indians
were alert and watchful, and ready to capture any
unwary wanderer. We learned of one man who
was accompanying a train, and who made a circuit
of four or five miles to head off some antelope.
In this he was successful, and shot one; but when
he attempted to return, he was intercepted by
Indians. When he saw them advancing he shot
his horse, and hid behind the body as a "breast-
work." He was armed with a "sixteen shooter."
As soon as the Indians came within range he shot
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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re-formed and charged again. He killed five or
six more. Those composing the train heard the
firing, and hastened to the scene of action, only to
find a dozen dead Indians, the others having fled,
leaving our hero unharmed. The Indian ponies
travel so much more easily and rapidly than
ordinary horses there is little satisfaction in
pursuit.
Among the interesting curiosities of the
plains are the prairie dogs. Seldom can one of
these little creatures be shot or captured, and if
one is shot he is dragged into a hole by his asso-
ciates before he can be secured. They are so
quick and watchful that they dodge at the faintest
flash; it is better to shoot them with bow and
arrow. One hears their constant bark, bark, bark,
as he approaches their village, for they are social
and live in communities. Wolves were numerous
but shy as the antelope,
After a journey of fourteen days on the
boats and thirty-four on the plains, we finally
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reached Denver, called the "wickedest place on
earth.” The inhabitants were murderers, outlaws,
gamblers, drafted men, "bounty jumpers,” etc.,
all seeking refuge in this city because it seemed
almost out of the world. There were gambling
halls nearly two hundred feet in length, equipped
with three rows of tables. The gamblers would
lounge about town waiting for the miners to come
in from the mines. Each pay day the town
would be crowded with those from the extensive
"Pike's Peak” mines, a few miles distant. The
writer has seen each one of those long rows of
tables filled by gamblers, from four to six men at
each table. Almost the only form of money used
was in the shape of gold dust. This was kept in
sheep-skin bags, each holding from one to ono
thousand dollars. Upon the tables of those halls
I have seen the gold dust piled nearly a foot
high. Each gambler would place his “dust" by
his side, and beside the "dust" a loaded revolver.
It was quite a common occurrence for a man to
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be shot dead in those dens of iniquity. The
murderer might arise and walk away, or remain
and go on with the game, entirely unmolested.
More than once our company was called upon to
quell disturbances between the miners and gam-
blers in those halls. There and then if one ruffian
called another a hard name, such as we too
frequently hear in our city to-day, the one calling
the name knew he must have his hand upon his
revolver in an instant, and be prepared to fire the
first shot.
Good wages were paid for all kinds of labor. The
ditch-digger was paid about the same as the skilled
mechanic, but the cost of living was also high
and this offset the high wages. While wages
ranged from $5.00 to $7.00 a day, $2.00 was
charged for a common dinner, and $1.25 to $1.50
for breakfast. I once stepped into a store, took
up an apple, and after tasting it asked the price,
thinking it would not exceed five or ten cents; but
when the merchant said "Two bits," which meant
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twenty-five cents, I was very much surprised. I had
no appetite for many such apples, when my wages
were only about fifty cents a day from the govern-
ment. Why were all things so very high? Because
all had to be hauled in wagons about nine hundred
miles, by mules or oxen. We have seen from one
hundred to one hundred and fifty wagons
in one train, slowly making their way
across the plains, each wagon having from
four to ten teams, and the wagons so large and
strong they would carry almost half a carload. It
was not safe for fewer than fifty or seventy-five
wagons to form à train, the Indians were so
hostile. We passed one large train of more than
one hundred wagons. They had fought the
Indians. One day they thought they were lost ;
quite a number were killed on both sides. Some
of the oxen were riddled with bullets and arrows.
Whenever a train was attacked the men would
swing the wagons and oxen into a circle and
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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months we were in the west, some of us became
quite expert in Indian warfare. Almost every
tribe was on the warpath. We were quite positive
they were assisted by the Mormons, for they had
the best of arms and plenty of ammunition. That
year many a poor soldier lost his life, that had
justice been done, would have been at home.
Many towns and ranches had been raided, and
many settlers had been massacred before assist-
ance could be procured. The people were so
much excited over the close of the rebellion,
80 rejoicing over the great victory, that even
the government failed to notice that part of our
land until many lives had been taken by the
Mormons and Indians combined. News was so
tardy in crossing the plains that a large sbare of
Indian depredations was never published. I can
not feel kindly toward the savages for the dread-
ful work they did. I have looked upon the most
horrible sight one could ever behold. Well do I
remember visiting a place after all the inhabitants
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had been murdered, except a few young women
and girls who had been taken prisoners. There
were the remains of one old lady about eighty
years of age, only a few white hairs remained on
her aged head-not enough for a "scalp lock,"
but the manner in which she was mutilated was
enough to make the warmest blood run cold. Her
beart had been severed from its accustomed place
and laid upon her shoulder. The men had all
been treated in the same savage manner. A
detachment of soldiers was started in pursuit for
the purpose of rescuing the young women and
girls. The detachment followed on and on up
the mountain until they feared to go farther, for
in those fastnesses of rock and forest the savages
will fight man for man in equal numbers, but out
on the open plain fitty good men are more than a
match for four times that many Indians. Some
of the soldiers said that in their chase after those
who had carried away the women and girls, part
of the way they were guided alone by the pieces
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of dresses and other garments those unfortunate
ones had torn off and cast along their trail.
: I met and conversed with one gentleman who
had been scalped and left for dead. When the
Indians came to him, he pretended he was dead
and lay quite still while one of them ran his knife
under the skin close to the skull, made a circu.
Jar cut, put his knee against the head and tore
off the scalp. That man had nerve. He dare not
move or show any sign of life. We took part in
one battle said to have involved the narrowest
escape ever known in the west. Had we gone a few
rods further not one would have been left to tell the
story. Here are the details of the fight : ,
I cannot but remember the narrow escape I
once had when my regiment was out in the
Indian country. My company was stationed at
Camp Collins, eighteen miles from Denver City.
The balance of the regiment was stationed at
different points along the old overland stage
route. We went out there to protect the stages
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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as they went through. There was a small
detachment of soldiers went with the stage from
one station to the other between Denver and Salt
Lake. All my company had to do was to guard
the wagons from one station to another. There
were seven out of my company and four from
the 4th Colorado regiment. We started from
Camp Collins the second day of August and went
on all right until we got between the Little
Laramie and Big Laramie. About 2 o'clock in
the afternoon one day we were in a lovely valley
with a ridge of mountains on each side. On one
of these ridges to the left of us, we discovered
four or five mounted men. They kept marching
along the ridge about as fast as we were march-
ing through the valley, until we approached a
ravine, which opened through this ridge. When
we had gotten up to where we could look into
the ravipe, what was our astonishment to find it
filled with red skins. They commenced at the
foot of the mountain and circled both ways until
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they had completely surrounded us. In the
meantime we got the wagons side by side, chained
the mules to each end of the wagons, and had
piled up the hard-tack and bacon boxes for breast-
works. We were then within effective shelter from
the ballets and arrows; but, unfortunately, we
had left our guns at Ft. Leavenworth, Kas., so as
to make it lighter for our horses, and conse-
quently had nothing but our side arms, four guns
which had been brought along by the Colorado
men, and seven sabres. Our Colorado men
understood fighting Indians. Had it not been
for this, not one of us would be alive now to tell
this story. The Indians stayed away at such a
distance that our shots had no effect upon them.
Night was coming on, and, after holding our
position for two hours, the sergeant gave the
orders for us to untie our horses and lead out,
which was promptly obeyed. As we rode out we
kept firing on all sides of us, and in this manner
kept the savages at bay.
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When we had gone about a half of a mile
we missed one of our teamsters. Up to this time
we had supposed that the whole company had
left together. This teamster was George Baker,
of Jackson, Mich., and we subsequently learned
that he was burnt at one of the wagons, after
being subjected to all manner of cruelty.
We supposed that, after we had given up
our wagons and mules to the Indians that they
would let us off, but we had not gone more than
a mile when we discovered that they were after
us again. Their ponies were far superior to our
horses, and it was, therefore, not long 'ere they
had surrounded us again. In going a distance of
eight miles I believe we dismounted no less than
fifty times. In this way we kept the enemy at a
distance from us, and we did not lose any more
of our men until we were going down a steep
mountain, about a mile away from where we
knew help was awaiting us.
On the top of this mountain we had fired
our last round of ammunition in the hope that
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some of the trappers in the valley below would
hear us and come to our rescue, but our hopes
were in vain. We had gone down the mountain
about half the way when arrows and bullets came
around us as thick as hail stones. Our sergeant
and two men from my company were killed and
three others wounded. The rest of us got down
the mountain and reached friends in safety.
Since I came home, after my discharge, I
have lived within twenty miles of a comrade who
was with me in this exciting adventure. He was
wounded twice in that fight, and had been look-
ing for some one who was with him, when he met
our major, who gave him my address.
I should like to hear from any others who
were with us.
A. S. LIVERMORE,
Co. E, Seventh Michigan Cav.,
620 Potter St.,
East Saginaw, Mich.
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I often think with some satisfaction of the
way in which we once deceived the savages. A
detachment of soldiers had been sent to protect a
body of men who were cutting hay for the stage
company. They were short of help and paid us
by the day for our services,
As I was the youngest and smallest one in
the company, I was chosen to be both cook and
picket. Our camp was on a low mountain, at the
base of which stretched a level tract a mile or
two in extent, and in this was a luxuriant growth
of the best hay. A mile further on was a ridge
of higher mountains surrounding the low one.
While on duty on this smaller mountain, I had
little to occupy my time, so I gathered stone and
constructed a rude fort. One day while sitting
alone in my fort, and while the men were busily
engaged on one side of the mountain cutting hay,
I discovered on the opposite side some two
hundred Indians coming on a full run, down
through a ravine directly toward me. They were
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not aware of my presence in the small stone fort.
But the first shot from my gun brought the men
to the top of the hill, in time to fire a few shots at
them, but at such long range with no effect
further than to check and turn them back.
Doubtless they had been watching us for days
until they thought we were all engaged in cutting
hay. Had they ever reached the top of that
mountain we would have been completely in their
power.
While we were encamped at Fort Collins,
four Indians came down from the mountains one
night and stole thirty-three horses from a ranch-
man, a Mr. Chaffey. He a few years previously
had been a poor teamster in East Saginaw, living
near my own parents; he was so rejoiced to
meet some one from Saginaw that he provided
a dinner for our benefit. He bad grown rich in
a few years and was the owner of a "train” em-
ployed by the government in carrying supplies
across the plains.
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The day after the horses were stolen we
started in pursuit. Our guide was an old Indian
chief, hired by the government for a large sum,
to guide in tracking Indians when any depreda-
tions were committed. The tribes that were on
the war-path combined and offered a reward of
two hundred ponies for the scalp of Old Friday,
as the guide was called. The first night out we
encamped within about one mile of the spot upon
which the fugitives rested, for the next morning
we found the fire still burning at which they had
cooked their breakfast.
We were not accustomed to climb those
rugged mountains, so at the first they traveled
much faster than we did. But we were sure of
soon overtaking them, they had so many horses to
drive. It was astonishing how they managed
to force the horses up the mountains and through
so many dangerous places ! Often were we com-
pelled to dismount, and lead our horses carefully
along lest they be precipitated into the abyss
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below. But think of those four Indians driving
thirty-three horses over these same difficult places,
and at such a rapid rate! We followed on
patiently for three days.
From some of the peaks the prospect
was sublime; the clouds above and around
us, the plains in the mists far below. Our old
guide kept encouraging us by saying, "We will
get them on the third day.” Sure enough, about
noon on the third day, he was the first to spy
them in our advance. He was certain what route
they would take after they caught a glimpse of
us. So he led one division around a large moun-
tain, (for he was sure they must go that way),
while the other division, with which I went, kept
on in pursuit. Soon, Old Friday and his division
appeared in their front, and our division in their
rear. There was now no possibility of escape.
One Indian was immediately shot from his horse.
The other three sprang from theirs and started
to run up the mountain, but soon concluding
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there was no getting away they lay down and
fired until the last one was shot dead. They
fought to the last. Only one of the soldiers was
wounded. My squad had no hand in the battle.
We stripped them of all their ornaments, and
instead of thirty-three we took back thirty-seven
horses. Old Friday was greatly pleased at the
results, but he could not be induced to come near
when the fighting was in progress. May be he
thought the Indians would aim directly at him,
or perhaps he did not wish to fire at them.
On our return we had more leisure to notice
the grandeur of the scenery along the route and to
secure many curiosities and specimens. When
the sunlight strikes some of those mountains at
the right angle to the vision of the beholder, they
seem sheeted in silver, there is so much isinglass
or mica in their surfaces. In camp, they were
quite surprised when we returned after so long
an absence ; they feared we had been captured,
and bad almost given us up, but were that very
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day preparing to send out a searching party to
look after us.
We were kept in the west until within a few
days of the expiration of our time of service.
The regular troops came to take our places. We
turned our horses over to the regular troops at
Fort Collins. We were coolly told that we might
make our way home 1400 miles on foot! We were
not so fond of walking, and did not propose to
spend all winter on the plains going back, and
further, we were in too much of a hurry to go on
foot. We were anxious to see our friends and
loved ones from whom we had been unjustly sep-
arated so long since the close of the rebellion.
We engaged a train of mule teams, four mules
to each wagon, and paid our own transportation
from Denver to Leavenworth, and the United
States government has never to this day, June,
1 890, paid back one cent of that transportation
money. We left Denver the last of November
and arrived at Leavenworth December 14th, and
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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were mustered out of service the 15th of Dec.
1865. Had we been one week later we might all
have been frozen as were those of another train
about a week later. The cold winter of "65" is
yet well remembered by many. After receiving
our honorable discharge we broke ranks, sepa-
rated and went to our respective homes. I insist
that the government rightfully owes us for those
seven months service of extra time--we ought to
have at least $3,00 per day, that is $730.00 each,
for we earned every cent of it. Common laborers
were paid from two dollars to three dollars per
day and good mechanics from three dollars to
five dollars. I made from five to seven dollars
per day after I reached home. The government
cannot do too much for those of us who served it
faithfully in the field.
After my return home I worked at the carpen-
ter's trade until I had accumulated quite a prop
erty. At one time I rented five dwelling houses.
Later on I sold two of them to raise means to go
into the mercantile business, the year before the
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A FIGHT AGAINST
great panic of "73.” I had done a large credit
business, hoping for times to improve. They did
not improve, but the reverse. I lost everything,
not saving ten dollars out of the store. Again I
went back to my trade for a year, after which I
opened a meat market on Potter street, East
Saginaw. Two years later I began a general
store in connection with my meat market. I am
still at the old stand and have an encouraging
amount of trade.
When I started anew in my Christian life
four years ago, my attention was attracted to the
children. I think we should pay more attention
to the young, and in maturer years they will know
better how to care for themselves. I have
been the instrument in God's hands of organizing
six Sunday Schools within the last four years.
They are all prospering except the first one started
in my own city. I do not know that I am a
prophet, but I do know I did not receive much
honor among my own people. There are some
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people who desire all the credit for what others
accomplish. I give the details of the first school
organized as it was noticed in the city papers :
THE UNION MISSION SUNDAY SCHOOL.
.
To the Editor of the Evening News:
Will you please give place to the following :
There was a large attendance at the Washington
Avenue Skating rink, last Sunday afternoon, to
organize a Union Mission Sunday School. Open-
ing prayer by Rev. C. H. Morgan ; address by A.
8. Livermore. Following is the address :
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN AND DEAR CHILD-
REN-I think that God's spirit has been working
wonderfully throughout our city the last few
days to bring so many of you here on such
a stormy day as this. I want to tell you before I
go any farther the history of iny past life. Nine-
teen or twenty years ago I was a wild young man.
I spent most of my earnings in the card room
or the billiard room. One night there was a
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number of us young men started to go to a revival
meeting, all for sport, as we knew there was a
number of our friends to get up and say some-
thing there that evening. But before that meet-
ing was out I felt guilty before my God. I went
home to my room, kneeled and prayed, prayed
and read. I thought I was not to get any peace.
All at once I thought I heard a voice say to me:
“Your sins are all forgiven. Go, and sin no
more." For two years I think I lived a true
Christian life. During that time I taught a class
in the Mission School, in the old Bellevue Hall,
that stood on the corner this side of where the
Armory now stands. I got my class up by going
down on the street and urging the bootblacks to
come to school. One of those little boys, but now
a grown mam, was going past my place of business
a short time ago. I was standing in the door.
He stopped and looked at me and said, “Do you
not know me?" I looked at him and said, "I
have seen you somewhere before.” He answered
11
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A MONSTER EVIL.
and said, "I was in your class in the Mission
School some twenty years ago." I said to him,
"I am not capable of teaching anyone now." He
said, “I cannot help that; you made a good boy
out of me and a Christian man.” That went down
deep in my heart. I thought what have I been
doing ever since that time. The thought came to
me day after day, but thanks be to God, one
week ago last Sunday I heard Rev. C. W. Stephen-
son. When he finished I arose and said from
benceforth and forever I would try and lead a
Christian life, faithful until death. Some of you
have read the notice in the daily papers that I
was never again to open my place of business on
Sunday, which I have done the last twelve years,
except a few months I was out of business. Last
Sunday, that is one week hack from to-day, about
the time I was in the habit of waking up, I laid
thinking, what can I now do to-day for Jesus. A
thought came into my mind: I will dress and go
down on our main streets and see how many boys
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A FIGHT AGAINST
TITY
#
I can find that did not attend Sunday school
last Sunday. The first one I came to I said:
“My little man, when did you go to Sunday
school last?" He said he did not go to any. The
next one I came to I asked where he went to
Sunday school. I kept on this way until I think
I asked as many as fifty, and out of that number
I do not think there were fifteen that had been to
any Sunday school for the last year. I spoke to
some that have never been inside of a Sunday
school room. I made some of them promise to
come down to my residence in the afternoon. A
few of them came, but most of them stayed away.
I suppose they were ashamed to come the way
they were dressed, but those that did come
promised to go out and bring in all they could
who did not go to any Sunday school, and I prom-
ised to look up a hall Monday. I looked most
all over the city; could not get one. I went home
down-hearted. Tuesday I started out again, and
as I was passing this rink I thought would not
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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this be a grand place. I went to see Mr.
Stevens, the gentleman that has the rink in
charge. I made arrangements with him and here.
we are to-day. It is estimated that there are
about 3,000 children that do not go to any Sun-
day school, and some that have never been inside
of one. We send our money and mission-
aries abroad, and we have such a large field at
home. I think if there were more missionary
work in this country there would not be so much
strife and tumult among the people as there is
to-day. If some of the rich men had the love of
Jesus in their hearts they would be kinder
and more charitable to those they have
working under them. And if those poor men
had that same love for their Saviour they would
then think they could not get a living but by the
sweat of their brow, as the Bible says. There are
not very many, but there are some, that think
riches ought to be born to them. "Blessed are
the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of
heaven."
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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There were a number of others who spoke
and said they thought this place would be a grand
place for a Union Mission school. It was then
moved and supported that there be a committee
appointed from all churches to meet in the ladies'
room at the rink and elect the officers, next Wed-
nesday evening at 7 o'clock.”
I was elected superintendent of this school for
three months. Before my term of office expired
there were between four and five hundred children
gathered into the school, and these children were
of the number not belonging to other schools. I
labored hard here. Many a Sabbath morning did
I arise early and go out upon the streets before
breakfast and invite news boys and boot blacks
to come to Sabbath school, before they had made
up their minds to go elsewhere. When my term of
office expired I observed such a spirit of jealousy
that I would not accept any office. The school
was kept up about one year. I sought other fields.
The last school of which I was superintendent
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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was out on "Kings Road" five miles from the city.
I held the position two years and was absent
from my post of duty not more than three times.
I tried to be there, rain or shine, cold or hot; often
I thought I would like to remain at home, but
always when I came back my heart was so warm
I little cared for heat or cold; sometimes I
wondered if ever [ would see any results from
my work, or if the Lord would show me that he
was benefiting any one through me. I was
pleasantly surprised a short time since upon a
visit to the school. The superintendent told me
that shortly after the school was organized he
gave his heart and life to the service of Christ.
He said that before the school was organized
he'd spent a large share of his money for liquor
and tobacco, money that his family needed; now
he is clothed and in his right mind. Mr. Farrant
is a noble Christian man. I have often thought
since he related his experience, that I was well
repaid for all my trouble. The last school I
46
A FIGHT AGAINST
organized was about four miles from the city on
the. Watrousville plank road. While out there
on business one day, and passing a school house,
I thought "I will go in and inquire how many of
the children attend Sabbath school, and what
advantages they have in this direction.” I
learned there was no school nearer than the city,
four miles. After school closed some of the pupils
came to me and said they were never inside a
Sabbath school. The thought came, can it be
there are so many neglected districts ? As I
looked at the beautiful farms and many pleasant
homes it seemed to me, that these people had
been laying up all their treasures on earth, and
neglecting their own souls, and those of their
children. After talking a few minutes to the
children I promised them I would be out there
the next Sunday and organize a Sabbath school.
I obtained the consent of the trustees to open the
school ; this was on Friday. Saturday a gentle-
man came to my place of business and said that
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A MONSTER EVIL.
the trustees had decided not to let us have the
school house for Sunday school purposes. I was
undecided just what to do, I had told the children
to be sure and come and bring their parents. A
sad disappointment seemed in store for us, but I
was accustomed to that sort of thing; I never
started a Sabbath school, nor tried to do any
other good work without meeting opposition,
The chairman of the board of trustees was not a
protestant. Sunday came; I went after a Holy
Ghost man, Rev. G. R. Penny, and together we
drove out to the school house. A large number
had gathered outside and were waiting. We were
about to organize in the open air, when two or
three people came and said the trustees had con-
cluded to let us in for that Sunday. The school
has been running a year and is still held in the
the same house. Rev. G. R. Penny has preached
there frequently, and many that were never
before within a Sunday school, nor heard a gospel
sermon now have an opportunity. They came
48
A FIGHT AGAINST
three and four miles, and the average attendance
is from sixty to eighty; they have purchased and
paid for an organ and library.' I still intend to
further on Sabbath school work.
My attention has been more recently drawn to
that monster evil, that satanic monarch of waste
and wrong, tobacco.
In Part Second will be found my first address
on this subject, given at a Christmas tree last
December
PART SECOND.
DEVOTED TO TOBACCO.
AN ADDRESS.
.
Dear Children and all Here Present:
The reason that I am standing here to-day is,
I have begun a fight against one of the greatest
evils in the world ; one that is overpowering
many thousands in this great land of ours. I am
persuaded it is one of the most potent agents of
Satan in the world to-day in destroying the body
and souls of men and children. Since God cast
that old serpent out of Paradise, and ordered
that he must eat dust and crawl the remainder of
his life, I wonder not at the cruel devices his
satanic majesty has originated, to deface and
destroy the works of God. I have thought the
50
FIGHT AGAINST
garden of Eden must bave been a very beautiful
place, and the devil delights to get into the most
beautiful places to-day just as he did then.
I very much doubt if we were to take all the
so called Christian nations of the earth together
whether we would find, on an average, one boy
in forty, between the ages of seven and fifteen
years that does not know the use of tobacco from
experience. I once made this statement to a
gentleman who had two of his bright boys with
him, he replied that he did not think either of
those boys bad ever put one bit of it in his mouth.
I said," you will not scold them if they have, will
you, and will confess it.” “No” was the answer.
Then I put the question to the boys in this way
asking if they had not sometimes been with other
boys who had allowed them to take a few whiffs
from a cigarette? They both said they had done
80. The father heard the confession in astonish-
ment, for one of those boys was but seven and
the other nine years of age. Many other fathers
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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would likewise be astonished could they but
know more of the secret lives of their children,
and realize that they are to-day formning habits
that will by and by become too strong to be broken,
but will hurry them to premature ruin and death.
We call this an enlightened age; there are millions
of heathen and other millions of mohammedans
who do not touch either whiskey nor tobacco.
When they see a drunkard they say, "There goes
a Christian!"
You can hardly pass along any of the busy
streets of our cities and towns without meeting
little boys scarcely more than babies, smoking
pipes, cigars or cigarettes. He who is using it in
any form ought to be disgusted with it, and stop
it for the sake of the children. The incident that
opened my eyes and started me in this work was
as follows: On the 28th of March, 1889, two little
boys about seven years of age entered my store
and called for cigarettes, I had none, never having
sold them, in all the 17 years I have been in busi-
A FIGHT AGAINST
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:
in
ness. I had always thought it wrong to sell cigar-
ettes to any one. I said to the little fellows, "the
one who sells you cigarettes ought to be hanged
up by the heels until he would promise never to
sell another." And I sincerely hope, if any one
sold those little boys the cigarettes they wanted,
he heard my words and my sentiments upon the
subject. As those little boys left my store I
thought, O God, has this great evil taken so cruel
a hold upon the children? Then the question
came, Am I doing right in selling tobacco in any
shape? That question haunted me, and like
Banquo's ghost would not down. The next morn-
ing I arose about three o'clock, went down into
the store, took all my tobacco off the shelves,
carried it out to a brick smoke house and there
set it on fire, saying as I did so, "Henceforth and
forever I will never use nor sell one ounce of the
stuff, and I hope God will help me keep my
promise true.” My place of business is quite
near the F. &. P. M. Union Depot; my trade in
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A MONSTER EVIL.
53
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tobacco was consequently large. The first custo.
mers in the morning and the last ones at night were
the men from the different railroads wanting
tobacco; my profits on this article were probably
from two to three hundred dollars a year, but
what are dollars and cents compared with a clean
conscience.
Paul said, "If meat cause my brother to offend
I will eat no meat while the world stands.” I do
verily believe that every time I sold tobacco to
any one I was causing that one to offend. In the
first place I was not giving them real value for
value received, and in the next place they were
spending money for that which is not bread. If
we have more money to use than we need, let us
not puff it into the air, por deface walks, halls,
homes and our own appearance by chewing and
spitting everywhere ; but let us send our surplus
to the heathen who are too refined to use tobacco.
There is a lady who trades with me by the name
of Mrs. Shaw. Her husband was eaten by canni-
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54
A FIGHT AGAINST
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bals only six years ago. Then no white man was
safe among those wild people. To-day among
those same people there are church spires point-
ing toward heaven, and those who were once
cannibals are civilized and enlightened-the best
evidences of what money put to high and holy
uses may accomplish. If all the money used for
tobacco were devoted to the spread and upbuilding
or the Christian church, a neat house of worship
could be built in every hamlet and an earnest
disciple of the Master maintained in each. It
seems to me if there were no tobacco used, much
evil of other kinds would also cease. When I
started in my Christian life four years ago, I did
not put on the whole armor of Christ; I seem to
have left off one half,for I kept on using and selling
this weed. We are told that in olden times when
a soldier prepared for battle, he was clad in an
armor of metal which covered and protected his
entire body from the foe; hence the reference in
the good Book when it says, “Let us put on the
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A MONSTER EVIL.
55
....
whole armor of God." So I hope to have on the
whole armor, and keep myself fully protected
from the fiery darts of the devil. I have kept
asking in prayer that the Father show me every
point at which I have previously failed. One thing
I yielded to immediately, and that was the con.
viction that I ought to close my meat market and
store on Sunday. For thirteen years my place
of business had never been closed for a single
day. Often I had as large a trade on Sunday
forenoon as I had all day Saturday. But now I
was fully persuaded that I must not sell goods
on Sunday, and I have not sold one cent's worth
on the Lord's day from that hour to this; nor
would I do so if I could get one hundred dollars
a pound for the cheapest article in my store. This
conviction of Sunday selling preceded that of
using and dealing in tobacco, but I struggled
against this latter conviction for three full years.
As a step in the right direction I thought I would
stop smoking. I did stop many times only to
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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yield again and again. Not wishing my family
to see me indulge, I would wait until late at night,
extinguish the light, turn the key of the store and
sit and smoke alone. But 0, how guilty I felt all
the time. I need not tell you it is hard to break
away from one's idols after he has been attached
to them for long years. The safest way is to
yield to our convictions at once. We cannot
succeed in our own strength. If there is a Chris.
tian man in this room who is a slave to the tobacco
habit, let him try and stop the use of it and he
will soon feel the power of his idol. You will
find an elephant on your hands. Only as you
rely on God will you come out victorious.
: Frequently when boys came to purchase
tobacco of me I would speak to them of its evil
tendency, and some had sense enough to retort by
saying, “Why, then, do you sell it?" They were
right in supposing that if I thought there was so
much harm in using it, I was merely talking one
thing and practicing quite another, so long as I
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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sold it. There are many who are doing the same
thing to-day. Allow me to relate here what has
actually come under my own observation within
the past few months. Only recently I was talking
with a young man in our city jail, who was smok-
ing a cigarette, and said, “Do you know that the
cigarette you are smoking is taking your life?
Does not God's word tell us we must not take
our own lives?" He replied in substance: “You
have told me the truth; the physicians say I can
live but a short time, one of my lungs is nearly
gone." I thought it must be, for he had a bad
cough. I inquired why he did not stop at once,
and he said he would like to do so but could not.
The habit had a greater mastery over him than
has opium on the opium eater. When he
tried to stop he was fairly crazed with headache.
It is reported that in Chicago, from five to seven
boys die daily from the excessive use of cigarettes.
I noticed in the “Trade Reporter” that there
were $25,000,000 put into one trust for the manu-
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buoto
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58
A FIGHT AGAINST
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facture of cigarettes. Only think of it ; $25,000,-
000 in one trust, to destroy the health and lives of
the children! Is there not reason enough to
legislate against the sale of cigarettes? But I
fear this law will be treated as the liquor laws of
to-day.
The American Tobacco Company's stock-
holders held a meeting in Newark, N. J., last
Thursday night and permanently organized by
electing a Board of Officers. At the meeting,
according to an official report, the full sum of
$25,000,000 was subscribed, and it was decided
to begin operations at once to secure control of
the principal cigarette factories of the country.
Those present at the meeting were Lewis Ginter,
John Pope, George Arents, James B. Dake,
Benjamin N. Duke, George W. Watts, W. H.
Butler, who also acted as attorney for Francis S.
Kinney, William S. Kimball and Chas, G.
Emery, each of whom holds twenty shares.
A MONSTER EVIL.
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BOYS HURT BY TOBACCO.
1
A committee of educators, including the
professors in Ann Arbor, the Normal School,
Alma College, the University of Michigan, and
the Hillsdale College, gave evidence before the
Michigan legislature on the effect of tobacco on
the youth of that State. Superintendent Howell,
of the Lansing school, recently sent out circulars
to the doctors on this subject, and has received
two hundred replies. In every reply one or more
cases are cited of boys being dwarfed, made
insane, killed or rendered incapable of speech.
The college professors testified that otherwise
bright students were made dull and stupid by
the use of the cigarette, and that in many cases
the power of hearing had been seriously affected.
They also said, that in nine cases out of ten the
regular use of cigarettes by boys would result in
the loss of will power. A petition with more
than seven thousand signatures has been pre-
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A FIGHT AGAINST
sented, and the bill prohibiting the sale of tobacco
in any shape to minors will probably pass.
Ah! but it is often easier to pass a law than
it is to enforce it. I am quite sure I lost a good
book-keeper, one wbo had had my books in charge
six years, through cigarette smoking. The book-
keeper was a young lady. One day her brother
came into the store smoking. I said, "Young
man if you do not stop that practice, you will
not be on earth one year from today." My
prophesy came true. In less than six months
that young man was taken suddenly ill with acute
throat trouble and died in a few days. The
mother grieved so deeply over her only son at
home, she too, was soon taken to her last resting
place, and so my book-keeper had to assume
charge of the household duties. I do believe
those two lives were sacrificed to tobacco. Its
victims are as manifold as those of strong drink.
Possibly some of you may have read the account
of the colored messenger boy who died suddenly
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A MONSTER EVIL,
in New York city. Eleven physicians were
present at the post-mortem, for they supposed
he had died of heart disease. When the surgeon's
knife entered the heart, there was so strong an
odor of tobacco that it filled the room; he had a
tobacco heart.” Many die from a like cause, but
the physicians give the disease some other name.
There has been a young man in our city
engaged in selling yeast, who has ugly holes at
the root of his tongue, caused by smoking, and
the doctors say he cannot live long. I hear of a
boy in my ward who is now spitting blood, from
immoderate chewing. One reason you meet so
many upon the streets to-day having their faces
bandaged is that those bandages are to protect
tobacco cancers from the air. I think there are
at least a dozen in our city at the present time.
One gentleman who has traded with me for the
past four years, had a cancer of the lip, originat-
ing in the spot on which his pipe had rested while
smoking; the physicians have made several un-
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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Some a
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successful attempts to remove it by cutting it out.
The last time I saw the poor man he came into
my store to solicit means to take him to his
brother, there to die. His wife tells me he has
since died, a hard agonizing death. Another sad
case is that of Mr. A. A. Adams, formerly an
engineer on the F. & P. M. R. R., who has a
cancer upon the lip the same as the one just
spoken of. Last year he tried everywhere to
get relief. He has bravely suffered one operation
after another, until I think he has about lost all
hope of recovery. Some time ago he came into
my store, and to those there after showing them
the cancer he said: "Gentlemen you can see
what tobacco has done for me, I think I will lose
my life from it.” Many are dying to-day just as
U. S. Grant, the best general the world ever had,
died.
It is reported that "Zac." Chandler, the
great orator of Michigan, only the night before
he died, procured and smoked three of the strong-
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unki,
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A MONSTER EVIL.
est cigars, paying fifty cents each for them, and
the morning papers told that he had died of “heart
disease.” Wasn't it directly the result of tobacco?
The world knows to-day that Frederick the
Great, King of Prussia, shortened his days
by his abject slavery to this filthy weed.
It has killed and is killing kings, statesmen,
warriors, rich and poor.
What a great stir the Johnstown disaster
created over the whole world, when several thous-
and innocent lives were sacrificed to the selfish.
ness of a few pleasure seekers. For years that
great body of water lay there insecurely held at
bey two hundred feet above the doomed city. At
last the dam gave away and the deluge of death
swept on. I heard one shallow brained man say
shortly after, while on a street car, “That is
enough to make infidels out of people, to think
God would allow such a thing to happen!" In
my indignation I wanted to say, "You fool, God
had no hand in that awful calamity, more than
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A FIGHT AGAINST
L.
allowing his own beneficent laws to work.” Did
not some of those who lost their lives there assist
in building that death trap? People often say, 'If
there be a God, why does he permit so much
suffering?” Suffering is often the result of
violated law, and no law can be violated with
impunity, physical or moral. I do not think God
in malace afflicts anyone ; for it is written, "He
doth not willingly afflict the children of men.”
Yet if we infringe the laws of health by the
indulgence of a bad habit, then “the iniquities of
the fathers are visited upon the children even to
the third and fourth generation of them that hate
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me."
.
I know something of these things from
personal experience. When I was smoking from
six to eight cigars a day, drinking a little wine
and beer and the like, I suffered from pain in my.
back, side and heart. The physicians told me I
must take a trip for my health. I went by water
to Duluth, and around the great lakes ; was away
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A MONSTER EVIL.
65
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from home nearly a month and received no benefit.
If those same physicians had honestly told me
that if I did not stop the use of tobacco, wine and
beer, I would find an early grave, I may have
profited by their warning and would have been
ahead about one hundred dollars.
I thank God from the bottom of my heart
that he convicted me and aided me in obeying
his voice. Just as no one in ill-fated Johnstown
realized the danger from the large body of pent
up water, or the extent of the calamity that must
some day certainly come, so too, with regard to the
reservoir of iniquity that has been building for the
last three hundred years. Few realize the awful
work of death that will be wrought by and by ;
and now I appeal to all who are in the habit of
using this poisonous weed, stop it at once and for-
ever. It can do you do good, it is a disgusting,
filthy, unhealthy and expensive habit. I say
expensive, for it costs people more to-day than
the bread they eat. I have known men to spend
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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from seventy-five cents to one dollar a week for
to bacco while their little ones ran the street with-
out shoes. That money saved and carefully
invested would buy a comfortable home worth
one thousand dollars within fifteen years. How
many poor tobacco users would like such a home?
There are wealthy men who use from one hundred
to five hundred dollars' worth of tobacco each
year. After I had spoken publicly for the first
time on the evils of tobacco, a gentleman arose
and said, "While you were speaking I began
figuring up what this habit has cost me in thirty-
six years, and it amounts to more than eleven
hundred dollars, and to day I am not worth one
hundred dollars.
If the pastors of our churches do not rise
and use all their influence against this evil I
prophesy that the gospel will not long be support-
ed as liberally as it now is. The people are
spending more and more of their money in this
way, and among them many members of the
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A MONSTER EVIL.
67
churches ; and sad to confess, but true, there are
ministers of the gospel in the same slavery. The
babit is not confined to the male sex. Some who
would like to be called "young ladies” are not
ashamed to be known as tobacco users. There
was a girl working for my wife as a domestic,
who we learned was in the habit of having her
secret smoke after she had gone to her room. She
proved to be one of the worst. Will not all
girls who use this weed turn out badly? I have
noticed those termed "respectable" young ladies
on the streets at night, take a cigarette from the
dude who was playing escort, and smoke! Shame
that young womanhood should be so degraded!
While in Chicago last summer, my room
at the hotel was adjoining that of a young couple
recently married. Passing their door one eve-
ning I beheld the spooney pair, each smoking a
cigarette. There are those who if they knew
positively that this habit would take their lives
in six months would still continue it ! It is more
68
A FIGHT AGAINST
09
and more universally conceded that the tobacco
habit precedes the habit of drink; one appetite
leads to the other.
How often parents are warned with regard
to their children and take it unkindly. Years ago
I remember I spoke to a gentleman concerning
his boy's habits, then a little fellow just learning
to smoke. The father answered me indignantly,
"I can take care of my children without the help
of others.” Steadily as years have gone by, that
boy has gone on in the pathway of more and
more complete dissipation. How true it is, “As
our sowing so shall our reaping be." I have
eight children, and with the exception of the
eldest boy, I do not think one of them will ever
give me real heart trouble. I am sure the eldest
has seen me enter saloons for beer, and come out.
smoking. The first time I ever saw my boy with
a cigarette in his mouth I was angered and said:
“My boy, you are now starting on the road to
ruin ;" and then I punished him, for copying my
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69
III
example. I have often felt since that I deserved
the whipping more than did the boy. Is it not
wrong to punish a child for doing those things in
which they but follow our example? That boy
has cost me much heart ache and many hundreds
of dollars within the last four years, and I feel I
am only reaping just what I have sown. I have
not lost faith in my boy; but expect yet to see
him a noble Christian man, for I trust in the
promises of God's word. If I may not be
permitted to be the instrument in His hands of
saving my own son, I only hope He will use me
in saving the sons of others. I feel confident
that if my boy had not smoked that first
cigarette, he would not be where he is to-day,
away from home, and so I insist, that tobacco is
the devil's agent in destroying young men. In
my own experience, had I never taken the first
cigar, the first glass of beer would never have
been taken. Suppose we take any young man,
say we call him James; he has no bad habits
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A FIGHT AGAINST
with the single exception of smoking. He takes
an evening walk upon the street, meets half a
dozen other young men, acquaintances, joins
them and they pass on until they reach a
brilliantly lighted saloon. One says: “Come in,
boys, and let's have something." They all go in
but James, who hesitates ; he only smokes! He
says, "Boys, excuse me, I never drink anything,"
but they take him by the collar, pull a little and
reply, “Never mind, you smoke, come in and
take a cigar.” He yields, enters the bad place
with them; they are all in the lion's den together.
One and then another treats "all around.” James
takes a cigar each time. He is the center of
attraction, because he does not indulge. Finally
one good natured fellow walks up, slaps him on
the shoulder familiarly and urges, “Come, James,
be a man ; take something, it wont hurt you." Just
to satisfy their importunity he trembling takes
his first glass. He has now entered fully upon
the road to ruin, which the first cigar suggested.
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A MONSTER EVIL.
71
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He would never have entered that saloon, had he
been free from the tobacco habit. Thousands
are doing as this James did, led on in the
same cunning way. Very many saloons have a
tobacco stand in the front part, used as a
“draw" to something worse. Saloons are the
only places in which tobacco should be sold if
sold at all; for tobacco and strong drinks are
closely allied. A card should be displayed as
follows:
First Room. Start Here, in the first Room, on
Tobacco, and take the significant
First DEGREE in degredation, the agents of
the devil,
And prepare yourself for the Second Room
and the Second DEGREE in it!
He who enters the first room and gives his
patronage will be prepared for, and welcomed to
the second without elaborate ceremony. And so
one may go on and take all the degrees on the
road to ruin. I have sometimes seen fremen
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A FIGHT AGAINST
1.
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direct a stream of water where the fire was
raging most fiercely all to no purpose, while if
they had given attention to the incipient blaze
their work would have been effectual.
Those firemen were in earnest ; but, midst the
tumult, they heard not the voice which said:
“Put out that small blaze !" How many good
earnest people there are to-day working to save
the throngs of the fallen. Their efforts are
commendable ; but if they would only turn their
efforts in the direction of preventing the throngs
from falling, they would meet with better success.
“An ounce of preventative is better than a pound
of cure." If all had witnessed what the author
has witnessed in our larger cities, not many would
relish the use of tobacco. In a large city
like Chicago, there are thousands of cigars
partially smoked and cast away. While taking
an early morning walk I have noticed men, boys and
women, gathering these cast-away stubs in large
sacks, often picking them out of the filth of the
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A MONSTER EVIL.
2.
SR
gutter. Those stub pickers are early risers.
They carry these stubs home, pull them in pieces,
dry them out, and sell them to the factories to be
made over into cigarettes.
Let the smokers think of it! They do not
know what they are smoking, possibly the gutter-
picked product, or they may hold between their
lips what has previously been held between the
lips saturated with disease. Do they not all run
the risk of blood-poisoning or some dreadful
contagion? How dare people run such risks?
Are there any who would desire to smoke what
an inebriate had thrown away? Did you never
see a drunken inan stagger along the street,
trying vainly to light a cigar saturated with
whiskey? Are tbere any parents who desire to
have their boy's smoke such cigars? Is there not
danger of forming the whiskey appetite? Why
can we not dispense with this weed as they did in
civilized lands four hundred years ago? Not
three hundred years have elapsed since it was
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A FIGHT AGAINST
.
first used by white people. Christopher
Columbus and his comrades were the first who
ever saw it. Columbus said: “The naked
savages twist large leaves of tobacco together,
light one end, and smoke like devils.". I think
his representation a good one. Where are the
once numerous tribes of Indians? They are
rapidly being exterminated from the face of the
earth.
.::On the western plains I was informed that the
larger number of Indians die of consumption,
or kindred lung trouble.' I do not think they
had used tobacco long before Columbus landed.
The first white man that used it and introduced
it into England was Sir Walter Raleigh, A. D.
1584. It is related that the first time Raleigh's
servant found him smoking, he dashed a pitcher
of water over his master, thinking him on fire.
That did not break the habit, nor deter Sir
Walter from teaching others. We hear of those
who live eighty, ninety, or one hundred years and
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A MONSTER EVIL.
yet are tobacco users. Is there any doubt that they
would live longer if they abstained from its use
altogether? I think if one has not the most robust
health, the weed will send him to an early grave.
There are those who begin its use so early, and
continue so long, that an incision into their flesh
would almost emit tobacco fumes. It is reported
that cannibals will not eat tobacco flesh. Some time
ago I was in a Sabbath School ; a deacon of the
church with whom I am well acquainted sat near,
and as he whispered something in my ear there
was so offensive a tobacco odor, that I could not
refrain from expressing my opinion so I said,
"A temple of God filled with such a perfume !"
Suppose our Saviour were to revisit the earth.
This deacon would entertain him gladly, offer the
best chair, push a spittoon in front of the chair,
pull out an old tobacco box and say: “Lord, have
a chew."
What would the Saviour say to such language?
There are too many professed Christians who
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76
A FIGHT AGAINST
::
.
have never stopped to consider what it means
to be a Christian. It means Christ-like. Are we
like Him when we use this weed ? Suppose you
were to see on the public streets of our cities and
villages, pastors of churches, Sabbath School
Superintendents, teachers and all professed
Christians chewing, spitting, smoking cigars and
pipes. What effect for good would the spectacle
have upon children and those who are not
professed Christians ? How could such pastors
teach or influence others in the choice of a higher,
nobler, and truer life. The cleaner we are the
better our influence. One day a little boy said,
“Pa, I thought you said it is wicked to use
tobacco; the deacon of our church uses it." I
was so pleased when I heard that, that I went
and told the deacon. The deacon at first made
this reply, "It is not what I eat, drink or smoke
defiles me." I answered, “You may think it
does not defile you; but it has an influence upon
the little boys, and may defile them." I learn
IL
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A MONSTER EVIL.
the deacon is trying to quit. Not long since I
was at the communion table, nearly two hundred
others were there also. As I looked over the
solemn assembly, I thought, "I wonder how
many tobacco mouths are pressed to that sacred
cup ?" Is it right that the pure and clean
should be compelled to drink from the same cup?
Isn't this one thought enough to condemn the use
of the filthy weed ? 0, dear Christians, put away
your idols ! I hope the time will come when the
finger of scorn will be pointed at tobacco-tainted
professed Christians. Doubtless many good
people have died happy in a Saviour's love
who were slaves to this habit ; but we are
more enlightened ; of us more is required
. A good story is told of an old lady who was
un inveterate smoker, and who fancied she was a
good Christian, too. One night she dreamed that
she died and appeared at the gates of the celestial
city seeking admission. She expected a welcome
to paradise. An angel came, raised the wicket
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A FIGHT AGAINST
11
2.
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and said, “Madam, what is your name?” She
told him. Then the angel said, “Excuse me a
moment and I will go and see if your name is
written in the book of life.” After some time he
returned and said, “Madam, you must be mis-
taken, or you have given me the wrong name."
She insisted, “No, no, I am not mistaken, I have
given you the right name. My name is so and
so. I have been an active member in good stand-
ing of such and such a church for forty years."
"Well, to satisfy you" said the angel "I will go
and look again." He was gone so long that she
almost gave up hope of ever entering the beauti-
ful gates; but as she was about ready to turn
away in despair, she heard the wicket rise. The
voice said "Dear Madam we have found your name
at last; but we had a hard time of it, it was so
nearly obscured by tobacco smoke." The next
morning the old lady arose, burned her tobacco
and broke her old clay pipe. The question arises,
can we live good, consistent Christian lives, and
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A MONSTER EVIL.
D
still continue the use of this useless weed? When
we think of the thousands of young people who
are now forming habits to which they will be
slaves in a few years, that this habit will lead to
that of strong drink, and dishonesty and theft,
can we keep it up? I say theft, and can prove it
by the most trustworthy evidence.
Our reform schools and houses of correction
are now filled with the very boys who began their
downward career in the tobacco habit. The super-
intendent of one of our reform schools made
n examination of the inmates to ascertain the
causes leading to wrong doing; fifteen were
examined at one time, and ten of the fifteen con-
fessed that their first offense was stealing tobacco
or money to get it. Two thirds of the boys who
are indulging this perverted appetite, will by and
by find it so powerful that in order to get it, if
they have not money of their own, will steal that
money from their parents, or from others; they
will have it at any cost, because the acute appe-
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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tite dulls the moral sense. Tobacco has become
so common a thing that it is on sale in many
business places, and where not on sale is often
given away. I have sometimes seen customers of
large dry goods houses treated to cigars after the
payment of a large bill. I have seen ladies
pass the cigar box to customers. I believe that
tobacco is costing the people more to day than
any other one article of consumption. There is
hardly one man in forty who does not use it.
One cold Sabbath day in winter Wm. Clark's
store, upon the street and not far from where I
do business, was entered and burglarized by
seven or eight boys. The frost so covered the
front windows that none could see from the street
what was taking place within. The boys were all
sons of poor parents, the eldest was not much
past fourteen years of age ! They were all
tobacco users—the only things they stole were
tobacco and cigars. They concealed what they
bad stolen for their winter's supply; they knew of
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A MONSTER EVIL.
no other way in which they could secure it, except
by theft. Let me ask again, can Christians cling
to this evil and feel no conviction upon the sub-
ject? Do you not see the destruction of our
youth? When we try and realize that within
less than three hundred years, since the origin of
this evil, it has assumed such magnitude as to
command more capital, than the products of all
our mines, more than any manufactured article
of commerce, and that within the last two years
more than strong drink, it is time to call a halt
long enough to ask if something cannot be done.
Thousands of boys are smoking to-day too young
to be allowed in saloons, but just a few years
more and they will be admitted.
When five wealthy men put twenty-five mil.
lions of dollars in a tobacco trust, it means some-
thing. It means that they expect to make their
investment pay; and let me ask, from whom are
they to reap their profits? Is not such a trust as
pernicious as the Louisiana Lottery, which
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A FIGHT AGAINST
takes millions of the people's money every year?
Suppose a person sells one hundred tickets at
one dollar each, and each ticket entitles the
holder to draw one chance upon ten dollars.
He who conducts the lottery simply sells ten
dollars for one hundred dollars, and ninety-nine
persons are each cheated out of one dollar. This
is the way that all lotteries are conducted. The
author was at the National Encampment of the
G. A. R. held in Milwaukee in 1889. One gen-
tleman donated nearly twenty thousand dollars
to construct suitable seating accommodations
from which to view the sham battle on the lake.
This Mr. Pabst has the largest brewery in the
world, covering nearly four blocks.
It was doubtless very generous in Mr. Pabst
to remember the old soldiers; but we have a
suspicion that he cleared almost as much as he
donated the week the G. A. R's. were there.
Where did he get the money to build his brewery
and that great amphitheater? Can any one tell?
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A MONSTER EVIL
UTA
83
O
Again I wish to ask another question. Why
is it that you see posted here and there, near
mills and factories, “No smoking allowed here?”
Is there no reason for these prohibitions? Is
there no danger to property from smoking.
Have not industries, whose accumulated value
would easily reach millions, been destroyed, and
thousands upon thousands of laborers been
thrown out of employment by the careless use of
pipes and cigars? Add to these the many lives
lost, and the many more injured permanently,
and we will not wonder that thoughtful, careful
men say by these signs, “No smoking here.”.
Last winter a poor laborer hired to work for
a gentleman in Oakland county, Mich. He was
to begin a certain day. He was known as an
inveterate smoker. On the night before he was
to begin, Mr. German, who had employed him,
was aroused from slumber by the light of his
burning barns—large and valuable and having
in them stock and farming implements. All
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A FIGHT AGAINST
soon turned to smoke and ashes. It is supposed
the hired man came too late, went to the barn to
sleep, and thought he'd have a quiet smoke alone
before he sank to sleep. Only a shapeless mass
was found of what they thought had been the
hired man.
We know it is plausibly argued that this
business gives employment to labor. We readily
grant the truth of the statement; but we are
quite sure that if the people did not spend so
much of their money for strong drink and this
worse than useless indulgence, they would not
need to work so many hours a day, nor so many
days in the week, nor so many months in the year,
and they would have more of the comforts and
the necessaries of life, too. If a man has a large
family and steady work, he may manage to keep
his family and indulge his appetite ; but when
the time comes that he is thrown out of employ-
ment, and want comes, and he sees his little ones
hungry, be will work at anything, at any price
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A MONSTER EVIL.
11
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i
If it were not for these bad habits, thousands
would accumulate, enough to tide them over tem-
porary loss of work, and they would not be forced
to compete unfairly with others in the labor mar.
ket of the world.
Were the government to construct an unsafe
bridge over the Mississippi river, and employ
hundreds of men in its construction, and after
the completion of that bridge hundreds were to
gather on it only to have it go down with an
awful crash, and in its fall take all who were upon
it to untimely graves, who would be to blame
for such a calamity? Will anyone contend that
any government on this earth has a right to con-
struct such a bridge with such a purpose, or with
the knowledge that such results are sure to
follow? No, No! No! you answer. Then let me
ask, "Has this tobacco business or the whiskey
business any right to exist one day under the
sanction of the United States?”—because these
hurtful lines of trade give employment to
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A FIGHT AGAINST
11
labor! Have we a right to endanger and injure
the many for the profit of the few?
Persons who know my sentiments on this
question sometimes ask me, “Well, how are we
to remedy this great evil?” Let this question be
agitated more than any other until its solution is
found. Here we find the root, the foundation,
the origin of intemperance.
If only we can rise and control tobacco, we
may safely trust the next generation to grapple
successfully with and overthrow the liquor power.
God speed the day!
After I had given up the sale and use of
this weed, I said all my influence should be used
to oppose it. Some of my friends said, “You
are very foolish, you might as well have the
profit from the sale of tobacco as any one else.
There will be just as much sold and used whether
you use it and sell it or not."
Of course I could not agree with these
friends. We who live, and try to do right from
11
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A MONSTER EVIL.
principle and the love of God, surely have an
influence: it cannot be otherwise. Each of us is
doing something for the right or something for
the wrong. Those who are called Christian s
ought to exercise the most potent influence for
good. I could never persuade men to break
away from a habit so long as I was myself a
slave to that habit. Now I am consistent when I
try and persuade men, and my appeal is backed
by my practice, and I am sure it tells.
Last August I took a trip from Milwaukee
to Chicago by way of Lake Michigan. The weather
was oppressively warm. I sought the cool breeze
of the upper deck of the steamer. I noticed three
young men sitting together conversing and smok-
ing cigarettes.
Taking a chair close to them I soon found
an opportunity to enter into their conversation
without seeming intrusive.
I touched on the great evils of tobacco. They
gave me respectful attention for awhile, and then
·
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A FIGHT AGAINST
to my glad surprise I saw them each empty all
his pockets of every cigarette he had and cast
them into the clear waters of the lake. Each bad
quite a supply of them, too. They were taking a
pleasure trip to Chicago. One of them insisted
that I should call and visit him at his home in
Milwaukee upon my return from Chicago. I
promised him that I would do so. As soon as I
reached Milwaukee again and had completed the
business which called me there, I thought of the
young man and of the promise I had given. I
found the home, and I shall never forget the
cordial greeting I then and there received. Those
parents were so rejoiced that I had influenced
their boy to stop the habit of cigarette smoking.
They had tried every means in their power to
induce him to stop, but all to no purpose. They
feared the habit would take his life. They urged
me to remain with them over Sunday, which I
consented to do, and I always think with pleasure
of the kind hospitality of that home, and the
A MONSTER EVIL,
2
family of W. H. Trout. That young man is today
a strong temperance advocate, and a staunch
opposer of tobacco in all its forms. He has
ordered quite a number of my badges, and writes
me that he has influenced a large number of the
Y. M. C. A., of Milwaukee, to sign the pledge
and put on the badge.
A few weeks ago an agent for a Cleveland
house came into my store. He was quietly smok.
ing a cigar. I noticed that he looked thin and
pale. I think he was about twenty-two years of
age. I said, “Young man, do you not think
that cigar hurts you? What is it makes you
look so thin and pale? Don't you think smok-
ing has something to do with it?” He instantly
admitted that he thought he was smoking too
many cigars. After a few minutes' conversation
I learned that he either was then, or he had been
studying in preparation for the gospel ministry.
Said he was only travelling for the season, to get
funds to pursue his studies. I asked, “Young man,
90
A FIGHT AGAINST
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do you expect to enter the ministry, and preach the
gospel of. Cbrist, and still practice this bad
habit?” We have too many who are trying to
preach the Word who have no power to save men
because they practice so many blameworthy
things themselves.
Before that young man left my store he
took me by the hand and said, "Mr. Livermore,
I believe the Lord sent me here to-day just to
have a talk with you. I now promise you that
from this time henceforth, and forever, never
again to let tobacco touch my lips.” .
I subjoin here what one able minister says of
the use of tobacco.
He says, "The habit is a needless one. No one
will argue that it is necessary, or useful, or
advantageous, physically, mentally, socially or
morally. If it were universally discarded, not
one interest of universal humanity would suffer
the slightest detriment, but the contrary.
A MONSTER EVIL.
2. The habit is an unclean cne to use the
mildest epithet. It has always been a marvel to
us, how men of refined tastes and cleanly habits
in other respects, even to fastidiousness, could so
offend their own nature as to use the vile weed.
Their breath, their clothes, their study, their
homes, their very atmosphere, is saturated with
an offensive odor, even when they only smoke;
and when they chew, the signs of absolute filth
are everywhere visible.
3. The habit is an exceedingly offensive
one to the mass of society. It is offensive to the
sense of propriety and to a degree that has
shocked us a thousand times. The young man
--not gentleman-with a young lady on his arm,
puffs the fumes of his cigar into her face at every
step. You can't walk the public streets, or get
into a crowd, and not be half strangled with
tobacco smoke, or incur the risk of being
"fouled" with tobacco juice. Such a breach of
good manners would not be tolerated in any other
.
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A FIGHT AGAINST
form. The public has grown accustomed to it, and
the offender has lost the native sense of manliness
by long habit. The offense amounts to a social sin.
4. As a habit it is injurious to health. The
testimony of physicians the testimony of all
experience and observation---settles this point
beyond dispute. Within the parrow range of our
personal knowledge, it has in several cases
resulted fatally. And such cases are multiplying
rapidly. And so common has become the
serious injurious effect of it that a "tobacco
pulse” has become a well known term among
medical men, and many men of seemingly
perfect health are declined as risks by life
insurance companies for this reason. The injury
is no less real and serious because insidious, and
slow and unobserved in its progress' and results.
5. It is a very expensive luxury. The cost
of it is simply enormous. We will not attempt
to give the figures. The - average smoker of
cigars spends more money daily than the average
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A MONSTER EVIL.
93
toper. Tobacco does not cost the nation as
much as strong drink, but the cost runs up into
the hundreds of millions. The Church of God
to-day expends more on the useless and noxious
habit than on the cause of missions to the
heathen, and the cause of missions and philan-
throphy and charity at home combined.
These are grave reasons for every man to
ponder. And they are emphasized by various
considerations. We name but two. The first
is the obvious one that in the nature of the case all
evil habits tend to strengthen each other. The
relation of the tobacco habit to the drinking custom
is close and natural, and they inevitably play into
each others bands. The other is the rapid and
astounding growth of the cigarette habit among the
boys, and even girls of the period. The testimony
of physicians as to its effects on both body and
mind is of the most decisive and startling character.
The teachers of our public schools do not hesitate
to sound the note of alarm at the fearful preva-
1
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A FIGHT AGAINST
.
lence of the habit among those under their
charge. And no one can walk the streets of our
cities and not see painful evidence that there is a
among the rising generation for this most
injurious form, both to the physical and mental,
of the tobacco habit.
Surely the ministry, by precept and by
example, should set its face like a flint against a
habit that leads to such dire results. And every
parent, every Christian, every lover of humanity
should co-operate in so good a work.
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SMOKING CONDEMNED.
We give place to the following communica-
tions or selections therefrom--recently printed
in the New York Herald. They are worthy of
very careful consideration:
SMOKING IS A VICE,
"No clergyman ought to smoke, because
smoking is a vice. It is a vice, because it is a
master of labor, time, attention and health. I
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A MONSTER EVIL.
95
believe that intoxicating liquor and tobacco are
the two chief enemies of the human race. It
seems, therefore, as clear as the sun in heaven
bat no clergyman can be held guiltless who does
not set a personal example in opposition to them
both.
WILLIAM R. ALGER.
"Boston.”
AN ARTIFICIAL WANT.
"Many who begin by smoking in moderation
go on to smoke in excess, and there they injure
their health very seriously. It seems to me that
when man has so many natural wants it is not
desirable to add to them another want, which can
only be regarded as artificial.
FREDERIC W, FARRAR.
"London."
CLERGYMEN SHOULD NOT SMOKE,
"Clergymen certainly should not smoke.
No clergyman should do anything he does not
96
A FIGHT AGAINST
expect and wish the young men in his congrega-
tion and Sabbath-school to do. How can a man
reprove boys from smoking if he does it himself ?
No, save us from clergymen who smoke! I am
glad the Methodist Church has decided not to
admit young men to her ministry who are
addicted to the practice.
"New York.” (Chaplain) C. C. McCABE.
FROM VENERABLE DR. M'COSH.
"Smoking will be put down when young
ladies declare that they will not look with favor
on a young man who smokes, and when congre-
gations declare that they will not take a minister
who smokes.
JAMES MoCosa.
"Princeton, N. J."
A FILTHY AND USELESS HABIT,
"I can give no opinion based on experience
of the effects of smoking, as the practice has al-
ways seemed to me filthy and useless, and there-
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A MONSTER EVIL.
fore indulgence in it, is simply sensual. I think
the practice inexcusable, except in the case of
those who bave begun it in an idiotic or vicious
youth, and whose system is so saturated with the
poison that they fear they will, through the shock
the change would give the brain, revert into
idiocy should they cease taking in the usual sup-
ply of nicotine.
"New York. WILLIAM HAYES WARD.”
ome
NOT A WHOLESOME EXAMPLE.
“I never smoked a cigar or a pipe in my life
and never expect to do so. It is a matter to be
left to every minister's conscience and common
sense. I fear that some valuable lives have
ended in smoke; and there are times when a cigar
in a minister's mouth does not help the Gospel
that comes out of it, and is not a wholesome
example to the flock. THEODORE L. CUYLER.
“Brooklyn.”
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A FIGHT AGAINST
SMOKING MINISTERS BAD EXAMPLES.
"More than one important religious denom-
ination, notably the Methodist, now regularly
makes inquiry of candidates for the ministry as to
their habits concerning the use of tobacco. A
large number of conferences refuse to accept
habitual smokers as preachers. I believe there
should be a reform in this matter of smoking
among young men, but nothing prevents it so
much as the practice of a few distinguished
preachers, whose habits in other respects are
exemplary, but who in regard to smoking set a
bad example to the young. JOSEPH Cook.
"Boston."
CALLING ITS USE A SIN.
“My deepest feeling is excited by the great
extent to which ministers of the Gospel are
involved in the sin of using tobacco.
"It not only injures them physically but
mentally.
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A MONSTER EVIL
“Against unanswerable evidence of the wide-
spread evils, physical, intellectual and moral, they
subject themselves to a habit of ruinous self-
indulgence, and do all that example can do to
induce others to do the same. Then of what
avail is it for them to preach to men to deny
ungodliness and every worldly lust ?
“While ministers of the Gospel oppose one
with vivid eloquence, they advocate the other by
example, and are a rampart to defend it against
all assaults.
EDWARD BEECHER.
"Brooklyn."
FROM THE AUTHOR OF "AMERICA."
“I am glad to bear my testimony against the
evil practice of the use of tobacco by ministers
of the Gospel. They are often called
to visit in the chambers of the sick,
whose sensitive frames are pained and disgusted
by the ill-savored odors carried in the breath or
in the clothing of visitors. Intimate conversations
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of sympathy with the afflicted, or of advice to the
troubled and to inquirers-all alike demanding
proximity--will often be unwholesome and dis-
tressing, not to say impossible.
SAMUEL FRANCIS SMITH.
“Newton Center, Mass.”
A DIRTY AND UNHEALTHY HABIT.
"I began to smoke at eight years of age and
let off the same day. The cane cut from the
hedge made me sick, and all my experience since
has made me more sick of what I regard a dirty,
costly, tyrannical and unhealthy habit. Excuse
may be made for some elderly or afflicted smokers;
but the practice should be specially avoided by
ministers. There are in every church some who
will be pained by such an example, some who
may be injured by following it. Smokers are
liable to become slaves to the habit, so that its
indulgence gets to be a neccessity of life. They
are uncomfortable without it; they become reck-
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A MONSTER EVIL.
101
less of the comfort of others; they must snioke
in the street, in the car, in the house, in the bed-
room. It often leads to drinking, wastes time'
and costs money which is needed for better
objects.
NEWMAN HALL.
"London.”
A WORD TO THE YOUNG LADIES.
If you are receiving the attention of a young
man and expect to choose him as the companion
and protector of your future years, and he has
formed or acquired the tobacco habit, let me
implore you to urge him if he has the slightest
regard for your wishes to renounce the bondage at
once. If he is not a tippler to-day and is a
tobacco user, the probabilities are that the
tobacco will lead to the cup in due time. Your
happiness depends largely on the clean habits
and character of the one who is to be your most
intimate associate for life.
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A FIGHT AGAINST
*
!
A WORD TO YOUNG MEN.
Are you now paying your addresses to
some young lady? If not now, you may and
undoubtedly expect to do so some time in the
future. Such expectations are right. Now
think of it; could you more certainly insult any
pure minded young lady, than by a proffered kiss
from lips and breath tainted and poisoned by
tobacco juice. It is no more an offence against
purity and decency for a young man to kiss a
pure young lady when he is thus polluted, than
for an older man to kiss the devoted wife of
years with lips and breath thus polluted. There
are many to whom the second chapter and fourth
verse of Revelation speaks to-day as follows: "I
have somewhat against thee, because thou hast
left thy first love." Too many there are who
leave their first love, before one year of married
life has gone by. And this results from evil
habits.
I soon learned that I had an influence and
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A MONSTER EVIL.
103
that I must use it well. My business is of such
a nature as to call me away from home much,
and at times I visit almost every city and
town in the state, in selling my manufac-
tured goods. The thought occurred to me, would
it not be a good idea to get up some sort of anti-
tobacco pledge and badge, and as opportunity
presented itself try and get people to take the
pledge and don the badge ? I studied much on
this question, and finally concluded to have gold
and silver-plated' badges manufactured in the
shape of a star, inscribed with the words “No
Tobacco Here.” I have thought these badges
might prove a sort of self defense to the ladies
were they to wear them, and when asked (as no
gentleman ever will ask), "Is smoking offen-
sive ?" she might silently point to her little
badge.
, I did not decide on the design of the star
until the thought of the star of Bethlehem .
suggested it. Surely the star that led the wise
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A FIGHT AGAINST
men to the manger wherein was cradled the
world's Redeemer, who, himself as the “Day
Star," has lightened the pathway of the many
millions since and now, was suggestive and
appropriate. We know there isn't much in one's
wearing the badge more than to show which side
one is on--standing up to be counted on the side
of right and purity, as those who are not slaves to
the filthy weed. Does it not look better to be
modestly decorated with one of these badges
than to have the cheeks puffed out, the lips all
stained, or a black cigar or dirty pipe used as a
decoration or badge of our thralldom ?
Fathers and mothers, what have you done,
what are you doing to arm your children against
this evil? Is it not your duty to instill into their
minds a knowledge and a hatred of it? Can you
not induce them to sign the anti-tobacco pledge
and boldly put on the badge?
No boy with a spark of manhood would put
on the star and at the same time defile bimself
!
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A MONSTER EVIL.
105
with tobacco. How many parents there are who
fondly imagine their children are all right and
safe, and are not forming any of these perni-
cious habits. Beware that you do not see the
danger signal when it is too late to profit by it.
My investigations into the prevalence of this
evil has fairly appalled me. A lady told me that
recently as she was repairing her little boy's coat
she had occasion to turn the pockets inside out,
when to her horror and astonishment, the odor
of tobacco was so strong she almost fainted.
She thought, "Can it be possible that my little
boy, not yet nine years of age, has so early fallen
a victim to this filthy habit ?” Parents, it is your
duty to know just how your little boys spend
their pennies. There are some unprincipled
Italians who would as willingly give your
child a cigarette as a stick of candy for a peany.
Upou my return from the G. A. R. encampment
of '89 my wife said, “What will you think when
I tell you, after all your work against tobacco,
.
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106
FIGHT AGAINST
V
that our own little boy, only six years of age,
was found smoking a cigarette while you were
away?” She said further, that one day during
my absence he began teasing for pennies and
kept it up until she finally gave him two or three.
He went to the stand of an Italian, John Zeto by
name, (he deserves to be published,) and there
procured a cigarette. After smoking it he went
home to his mother, looking pale and sick.
She asked him if he was sick, and he finally told
her that he had been smoking a cigarette. There
bad been other boys with him when be purchased
the cigarette, so the Italian could not deny the
sale. I was very indignant and thought first I
would have Zeto arrested, but concluded to let it
pass.
We may not always be permitted to see the
results of our labors in any direction, but this
thought should not deter us from doing our best.
If we bonestly and faithfully try to make life
better and truer by our example, those who come
À MONSTER EVIL.
107
after us will rise and call us blessed. Each age
and generation lays the foundation for the next
to build upon ; let our part be well done.
I noticed the following in a paper I was
reading lately, and it is so appropriate I insert
it here:
. NEED OF PATIENCE.
Some undertakings are long in coming to
completion. A noteworthy instance is an engi.
neering project in the shape of a canal through
the Isthmus of Corinth, in Greece. Work was
commenced upon it during the reign of the
Emperor Nero, over seventeen hundred years ago,
yet it is only now nearing the finishing period,
as in a few months more it will be completed. It
ranks among the oldest projected feats of engi-
neering skill in the world. When done, it "will
be four miles long, with a depth of eight meters,
or sufficient for the largest vessels which usually
navigate the adjacent seas.” It shows the far-
seeing visions of those in power in ages past as
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A FIGHT AGAINST
well as reflects credit upon those who from time
to time have pushed it forward. Present and
future generations, however, will reap the benefits.
Another proof of the indebtedness of subsequent
generations to those who have preceded them.
One age works for another. Man liveth not to
himself either in his individual or national
capacity.
It is as supreme a folly to talk of a little sin
as it would be to talk of a small decalogue that
forbids it, or a diminutive God that hates it, or
a shallow hell that will punish it. Sin is registered
according to heavenly measurements of holiness
and majesty.-Rev. C. S. Robinson, D. D.
1
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MY DREAM.
Shortly after I had discontinued the use of
tobacco I had the following impressive dream: I
thought I was marching near the front rank of a
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A MONSTER EVIL.
109
vast army. I could see that army becoming more
and more confused and entangled in its move-
ments. All at once the commander rode rapidly
to my side and calling me by name, said, “Come
quickly, and help me get the troops in march-
ing order again.” I was completely surprised
and confounded that he should thus call upon
me, and so for an instant I only gazed, and then
inquired, “Do you mean me?” I can see the
earnest look he gave me as he repeated the order
“Come!" It seemed that l obeyed, stepped out,
took my sword, gave a few decisive orders, and
was glad to see the forward column wheel into
place with promptness and precision. The next
morning I related my dream to my wife. At that
time I had not thought of the movement in which
I am now engaged, yet if I am called of God to
be the means in his hands of turning many
from the wrong to paths of righteousness, I only
hope I may have the patience and wisdom neces-
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.
sary. Let me walk by faith where and when I
cannot walk by sight,
I here transcribe for your thoughtful con-
sideration the pledge I have devised, with the
hope in my heart that those who read it, and who
are now tobacco users, will sign it and henceforth
abstain, and further, that those who do not use it
will sign it, put on the badge, and let the world
know you are not ashamed to be known as among
the clean in this matter. Shall we not by all our
influence try and save the boys?
THE PLEDGE.
1, by signing name below, do solemnly promise,
God being my helper, to totally abstain from the
use of tobacco as an indulgence or to gratify an
appetite, in every form and shape, while life shall
last, and I will use my influence against it hence-
forth.
Name. - -
A
:.:.:
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PART THIRD.
I have also spoken in a number of places
since my talk at the King's Road school house,
and worked earnestly and persistently since I
first felt I must. My second formal and public
address was given in the Ames M. E. Church, on
the west side in our city. After I had spoken
that evening, there were about fifty persons who
had the moral courage to sign the above pledge
and wear away the significant little star. A
few weeks later, having bills to collect in almost
all the towns on the route between Saginaw and
Manistee, stopping off at Clare, and having a few
hours to spend, I improved the time by calling
upon an old friend, a Mr. Bicknelt. He, like
myself, is engaged in running a general store, and
was at supper and his wife was waiting upon cus-
tomers. I had quite a visit with her and had
112
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.
fairly introduced my cherished theme of the evils
of tobacco when he came in. Mrs. Bicknelt was
saying, "Mr. Livermore, as you have stopped sell-
ing tobacco, I wish my husband would do the
same. I know it exerts a bad influence upon our
growing family."
Just then two of Mr. Bicknelt's bright boys
came in and joined us. The father was so anxious
to have them sign the pledge and put on the badge
that it was hardly two minutes before he had per-
suaded them to do so. After that was done, I
said to him, “Now you want these boys to do
what is right, do the right yourself by setting
them an example, and stop selling this filthy poi-
son."
The next stop I made was at Baldwin.
Here, too, I determined to exercise my influence.
I expected to hurry through my collecting and
take the next freight train, having only one bill
to collect. But when I reached his store the
gentleman I desired to see was not there, and I was
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A MONSTER EVILTYTT
113
.
told he would not return until six o'clock ; it was
then only one o'clock. There would then be no
train going north--the way I wished to go-earlier
than ten at night. How could I best improve the
afternoon and evening? Passing along the street
I observed the stars and stripes floating over the
school house. Inquiring of a stranger the mean-
ing of the unfurled flag, he told me it was in honor
of Lincoln's birthday, and that the pupils
of the school were baving some sort of
Lincoln memorial exercises in essays and decla-
mations, concerning the great and good man, who
is sometimes called the saviour, as Washington is
called the father, of our country. I thought it
would be interesting to go in and listen to the
exercises. Then the thought came, “Would not
this be just the place, and isn't this the time to
introduce to these children an idea of what I am
doing?” I asked and obtained permission from
the gentlemanly teacher to address the school after
the regular hour of closing. He said he was glad
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FIGHT AGAINST
to give me the opportunity, for his heart and
hands were in the work. He was thoughtful
enough to call all the separate departments into
one large room. I took advantage of circum-
stances, and for half an hour talked earnestly to
those dear children. After I had finished speaking
I invited all who would sign the pledge and put on
the badge to meet me at the restaurant at which
I was to take supper. I confidently expected a
few would come, but imagine my glad surprise
when between thirty and forty made their
appearance and signed the pledge, and went
away decorated with the badge. Truly it
seemed that the Lord did use me in that place
that afternoon and evening. After the school
had closed, I stepped into a meat market, and
there was the butcher cutting meat, and at the
same time vigorously chewing a well filled mouth
of tobacco. There were four boys in the market,
two were behind the counter. When he had
finished waiting upon his customers, I asked
A MONSTER EVIL.
115
him how many of those boys were his, and he
replied, "three." I then proceeded, “How would
you like to see these boys reach a strong and
noble manhood, free from all the bad habits that
are ruining so many of our young and old ?". "I
would like to see them all grow up in that way,"
said he. “Then," I added, “ the first thing you
do you must set them an example by taking that
tobacco out of your mouth.” Looking up, he
answered. “That would be a very hard thing for
me to do.” “Well, then,” said I, "are you to
depend upon your neighbors to set the right
example before your boys? You should set
the best example of any one living.”
... "That is true but it would be very hard for
me to give it up, I have used it so many years."
"Would you like to see these boys acquire so
strong an appetite for tobacco, that if you would
not give them the money to purchase it, they
would obtain it at any cost of honor or honesty?"
Pointing to one boy he went on. “I do not
believe that boy has ever used it, or ever will
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A FIGHT AGAINST
use it." I asked the boy then and there and he
frankly confessed that he had used tobacco.
That father was amazed. He took his tobacco
from his mouth and threw it upon the floor ;
reached in his pocket, drew out his tobacco
pouch, and stepping into the next room deliber-
ately hurled it into the fire. As he came back,
his eldest son, nineteen years of age, spoke.
"Now, father, if you mean that, here goes my
tobacco, but remember the first time I see you
chew again, I will begin to smoke." The father
said, "I mean it forever.” I then produced my
pledge and badges. I read the pledge to them.
There and then the father and his three sons
signed the pledge and put on the badge. Ah, do
you not see what an influence a father has over
his boys ? One of the boys soon brought in
another brother and he did the same, and the
fifth and last would have done so, but he was
too young to understand. That father's name is
L. M. Parker. I will not forget him and his
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A MONSTER EVIL.
117
noble boys who dared start and stand for the
right as against this gigantic evil. Do you
wonder I say I think the Lord used me that
day? While at supper I inquired of the young
lady waiter, whether there was any kind of
religious services held in the town that night.
She told me there was prayer meeting at the
Presbyterian church. I requested her to tell me
just where to find the church, which she kindly
did. At that prayer meeting I gave my testi-
mony for Christ and then I branched off on the
evils of tobacco and especially tbe use of it by
professed Christians. My talk was so earnest
there was an old tobacco user who was so
wrought up over it that he came to me after
meeting to continue his feeble agument. My
first words to him were, “My dear man, and
you use tobacco ?" I think I have shown up the
great agent of the devil, some at least. I'd had
such good success all day I was not surprised
that the devil was aroused. I think I left a
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A FIGHT AGAINST
.
good impression upon the old man. Truly
those Christians who are consistent must conquer
this dreadful habit. A lady recently told me
that her husband was powerfully convicted while
in the very act of putting this weed to his lips.
He heeded the conviction and has not yielded in
forty years ; nor has he since desired to yield.
One must be outspoken on this question
even if the shoes do pinch, and the coat does fit.
A lady friend told me of seeing a pastor
of one of our city churches passing along the
principal streets with a cigar between his teeth.
I could hardly credit it, and made up my mind to
ask that pastor when opportunity came.
That same night I was at the city mission
rooms, and heard this pastor's name spoken before
all the people in connection with his using tobacco.
After the meeting I went to the gentleman who
thus spoke, and inquired why he did not go
directly to the brother, if he thought him in error
and kindly tell him. I said I had heard this man
preach many times, and was much interested in
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A MONSTER EVIL.
119
his sermons; but after I had heard of his using
tobacco, his sermons do not weigh so much with
me. I said further that I was not afraid to go
and talk with the pastor about it, and when he
seemed surprised I said, "I will go if the Lord
spares my life.” I resolved to go the next Sunday
and I did; in the afternoon I went to his residence
and he responded to the bell personally, and
cordially invited me to “come in.” He was alone in
the room. I began in this way: "My dear brother,
I have been deeply interested in the sermons I
have heard you preach, and I am greatly
surprised to hear so much talk concerning you.
I do not believe in talking behind a person's back
so before I have repeated what I have heard, I
have come to ascertain the truth.” He seemed
confused and troubled. I then told him what I
had heard some very devoted Christians say
about his smoking on the open streets of the city.
He instantly and without evasion confessed the
truth of the report and said he had been in the
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habit of smoking a few cigars, but he supposed
he could stop at any time. I did not ask him to
do so; but took my hat and departed. He went
with me to the door, grasped my hand warmly and
said in substance: “Mr. Livermore, I thank you
for this call; you have acted the part of a gentle-
man.” I venture the assertion that no one has
since seen that pastor smoking upon the open
street. I think he has abandoned the use of
cigars altogether. God has greatly owned and
blessed his labors in a fruitful revival. There
followed not a single Sabbath for more than two
months that there were not baptisms in that
church, until one hundred and two united with
the church in that time. God will use us to good
advantage as we put away all idols and honestly
worship him.
After this divergence let me ask the reader
to resume with me the journey to Manistee.
Leaving Baldwin at ten o'clock, two hours later
found me at my destination. Early the next
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A MONSTER EVIL..
121
morning, while engaged in business, upon cross-
ing the bridge I met the captain of the Salvation
Army of that city. Shaking hands with him I
inquired of the success of the work in which he
was engaged. He gave an encouraging report.
They have a comfortable place in which to conduct
their services, thanks to the liberality of the wife of
R. L. Peters, who donated, I was told, about three
thousand dollars toward the "barracks." Such
generosity might be imitated with profit by other
wealthy people in other places. My talk with
the captain was a long one, and then I told him
of the interest I felt in his work, and then men-
tioned the movement in which my heart is so
deeply engaged. He invited me to come up to
the army hall, and said he would do his best to
have a good "turn out.” When I got there that
evening I found he had succeeded, for every seat
was taken. I spoke as earnestly as I felt for half
an hour, and as an immediate result several signed
the anti-tobacco pledge. Among the lady listeners
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A FIGHT AGAINST
L
ES
was Mrs. Emma Obenauer, who had charge of the
industrial school of the city. She insisted that I
should remain until the next night and address
the children of the public schools, promising that
she would see that I was properly advertised, and
that she would procure the large “Union Hall”
for me. I could hardly refuse. When the time
came there was a splendid audience, and here
again many signed the pledge. I wish to be as
earnest in this work as a certain pastor with whom
I am acquainted is in the temperance work, who
resides in the same ward with me, and has for a
number of years. I have seen this brother stand
at the polls alone all day and work for Prohibition.
He is alike earnest and fearless in every good
movement, and success attends his labore. He
speaks entirely without notes and his house is
always crowded, especially for evening service,
Others beside me owe him a debt of gratitude for
having led them into the light and liberty of the
Christian life. One sermon that I heard this
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A MONSTER EVIL
123
I
brother preach was the means of deciding the
whole tenor of my life from the wrong to the
right way. I have heard this brother preach
almost every night for six weeks, while his days
were spent in hard work among the people.
Oh! do we not need earnest workers when
our daily papers are recording such appalling
calamities as the following, which appeared in
a morning paper of this city, May 9th, 1890?
Paupers Perish. Another Asylum Burned with
Loss of Life. The Poor House Near Preston,
New York, Totally Destroyed. Twelve of the
Inmates Meet a Horrible Death. The Longue
Pointe Horror Re-Enacted on a Smaller Scale.
Norwich, N. Y., May 8.-The loss of life at
Chenango county poor house, about seven miles
from here, is much greater than at first supposed.
The latest reports place the loss at twenty-five
persons.
The fire broke out shortly before midnight
in the insane ward of the poor house institution
and spread rapidly. All of the wards were
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A FIGHT AGAINST
crowded with patients and a scene of confusion
and panic followed. The keepers, nurses and
attendants worked with a will and after much
difficulty succeeded in removing the unfortunates
with the exception of those who lost their lives.
The building and a large barn were completely
destroyed, together with their contents. The
losses will aggregate thirty thousand dollars, on
which there is an insurance of fourteen thousand
dollars.
One hundred and twenty five paupers and
insane persons were confined in the building
when it caught fire, and as there are no fire facil-
ities in the place the flames spread rapidly without
being checked. No efforts were made to save
the buildings, and all attention was paid to remov-
ing the inmates. The poor house was a wooden
three story building and the flames were first dis-
covered in the north wing of this structure. The
building where the insane were confined
joined this.
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A MONSTER EVIL.
125
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When the keepers reached the idiot ward,
they found old Deborah Dibble lying on the bare
floor wrapped in flames, while the other poor
idiots ran to and fro trying to escape the flames,
which were licking the bedclothing and curling
about the few bits of furniture in the apartment.
So fierce was the heat, and so rapidly bad
the fire, which was started by the embers of old
Deborah Dibble's pipe, spread that the keepers
were compelled to retreat to save themselves.
A few of the idiots, babbling and jabbering, ran
with the keepers, who cried the alarm as they
went.
All around were farm houses, and messen-
gers were sent for help. The lunatics were
released from the different wards as soon as
possible. Altogether there were about twenty,
and it was feared that if they mingled with the
more tractable patients there would be a general
stampede. The majority of the violent ones,
however, made directly for the woods, and for
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hours afterward they could be heard screaming
and yelling in the adjacent forest.
Attention was given to the saving of life,
and the nurses and keepers worked with a will to
get the poor wretches out. In their wild efforts
to escape, some of the patients were badly
burned.
AN IDIOT DID IT.
NORWICH, N. Y., May 8.-Deborah Dibble
was one of the old women in the idiot ward of the
county poor house of Chenango county, at
Preston. All her life she had been an inveterate
smoker, and clung with tenacity to an old clay
pipe which was given to her about a year ago.
She was smoking away about 11:30 o'clock last
night, when the keeper went through the ward on
a tour of inspection. Everything was all right,
and old Deborah Dibble was the only person
awake. Half an hour later a shrill scream was
heard, and a bright light shone out of the win-
dows of the ward in the right wing.
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A MONSTER EVIL.
127
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Many of the inmates of the poorhouse were
injured, both of the insane and the paupers, some
severely. It is reported that some of the officials
are among the injured.
There is natural apprehension among the
country people, who fear visits from the escaped
lunatics. A special messenger arrived here this
morning for Sheriff Kenney, who immediately
left for the scene after swearing in a large number
of deputies, who are now scouring the country
for the missing persons.
The two churches and one hotel have been
turned into temporary quarters and the rescued
are transfered to these quarters as rapidly as
possible.
The fire is said to have been caused by a
woman in the idiot ward, who, after smoking her
pipe, placed it in her pocket before it was entirely
extinguished. She was almost immediately
enveloped in flames, and when the keepers reached
her room they found her burned to a crisp.
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A FIGHT AGAINST
THE BURNED BUILDINGS.
Associated Press.
UTICA, N. Y., May 8,—The larger portion of
the Chenango county buildings, which for fifty
years past have been located at Preston, about six
miles from Norwich, were destroyed by fire last
night at midnight, and ten of the inmates, possi-
bly more, burned. The buildings destroyed were
an asylum, in which there was about eighty in-
mates, and the pauper house and idiot ward in
which were about forty inmates. Both were
three-story wooden buildings in good repair, hav-
ing wings two-stories in height. They were
valued at $25,000 and insured for $19,000, and
are a total loss. The horrible part of the disaster
was the burning of ten idiots, who were penned
in cells and roasted alive. The fire started in
this portion of the main building, and as the
ipmates were asleep and no sounds heard it is
probable smoke and gases smothered them before
they felt the pain of the fire. The origin of the
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fire was probably smouldering sparks of a slight
fire which occurred Wednesday afternoon. Debora
Dibble, a feeble minded old woman, was smoking a
pipe and set her clothing and bedding on fire and
was burned fatally betore the flames were extin-
guished. Her corpse was buried last night. It
is supposed that the fire started from some un-
discovered smouldering sparks from this event.
The keeper was awakened by a pauper and
attempted to release the idiots, but was driven
back by fire. Then he ran through the other
buildings in his night clothes, rousing the inmates
and turning them out of doors.
The insane patients had to be forced out and
fought against their release, but all were saved.
Most of them were taken under guard to the
Methodist and Universalist churches till other
quarters were provided, and such a gibbering,
motley congregation was never seen in church
before. Some escaped and took to the woods,
where the sheriff and a large number of deputies
are hunting for them to-day.
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A FIGHT AGAINST
Keeper Mainwaring rescued several at the
peril of his life. The scene at the burning was
indescribable and the horrors of Longue Pointe
were re-enacted on a smaller scale. The
demented and terror striken inmate wandered
around the burning piles in a hopeless manner.
The Board of Supervisors are in special
session at Norwich to take measures for prompt
relief. Coroner Fernald went to Preston and
ordered the removal of the charred and black-
ened remains in the ruins. Buckets of water
were dashed upon them and at length their
roasted trunks were pulled out ond laid upon the
grass. All were burned beyond recognition. In
some instances the remains were removed with
shovels, nothing but the skull and a few bones
giving any indications that they were once a
human being. A number of relatives of the
victims gathered around and the affecting scene
that followed beggars description.
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A MONSTER EVIL.
131
No wonder there is a hope in my heart that
the influence of this little book may be for the
good and tend to make such things as the above
wholly impossible. Of course we cannot blame a
poor idiot as we would one gifted with common
sense. When pastors and professed Christians
read such things, and they know they, too, are
slaves to the same habit that brought death and
destruction in the case of poor Deborah Dibble,
I wonder if they feel no condemnation. Again, why
are there so many who know and feel these things
to be wrong, yet who lack the moral courage to
say so? Are some of the pastors afraid of these
tobacco merchants who occupy high priced
pews ? Do they keep still for fear of giving
offense ? Is it nothing that they see boys and
youths going swiftly to destruction ?
One Sabbath evening I had attended church
in my city, and after services as I descended to
the vestibule, there was so much smoking of
cigars and cigarettes, that the fumes were stifling
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and they so arose and penetrated the audience room
above as to call forth protesting remarks. And
yet Christian pastors say nothing of this great
evil. Will not God hold them responsible for
the ruin of the boys? Do we ever ask the
question "Am I my brother's keeper ?" Is it not
true that that minister of the gospel who boldly
and plainly preaches the truth, and dares to lift
his voice against sin anywhere, is the one that
the majority wishes to hear, and the one, too, who
will accomplish the most good ? I have observed
this in my own city. There was a certain church
and among those who attended it were some of
the very wealthy, and these rented the best seats.
There was not for years a real strong sermon
preached in that city against any crying sin,
not even the sin of intemperance. The
supporters of this iniquity were always in their
comfortable pews, no danger of hearing anything
in the least unpleasant about their vices. That
minister did not, like Paul, reason, of "righteous-
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A MONSTER EVIL.
133
a
ness, temperance and a judgement to come."
That pastor had to go. Another came who did
not fear to speak the truth, and raise his voice
against rum selling and rum sellers ! Some of
the red noses disappeared from that church.
Formerly there were many empty seats in the
church; to-day they are all filled, or nearly all, at
each service, and the present pastor gets the
best salary ever paid by that church, I think. I
believe it pays to be in earnest and do right.
One day I paid a visit to one of the Sunday
schools I had formerly organized, and was invited
by the superintendent to address the school. I
did so, and of course, true to my feelings, I had
something to say, there as everywhere, on the evils
of tobacco, and I spoke even more plainly than
usual. A few weeks passed and I was at the
same school again, and once more the superin-
tendent invited me to speak, but quietly caution-
ed me to say nothing about tobacco this time, as
there were several Germans present and I might
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offend them. Just as if those Germans did not
need the naked truth just as much as Americans
or anybody else. So before I finished I spoke
stronger against tobacco than before, and my
courage and earnestness were duly rewarded, for
the very next day a young German walked to my
store, a distance of four miles, to sign the pledge
and put on the badge. If we are true to our
principles and have the love of God in our hearts
let us stand firmly by that which we know to be
right, let come what may. If all who have named
the name of Christ would do this and so rebuke
evil, evil would not abound as it does in our midst
to-day. Who will stand for the right if we do not?
Will the newspapers? Will anybody? Satan will
never cast out satan. Will some of our well paid
pastors, who are afraid of offending some one?
The newspapers are published to make money.
Their most paying patrons are advertisers. They
are not supposed to offend their patrons. But
ministers of the gospel are to follow the example
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of the great Head of the church, without fear or
favor. If some of the heralds of glad tidings
were to go through John the Baptist's experience,
preaching in the wilderness to those he dared call
a "generation of vipers,” though finally he was
imprisoned and beheaded for it, I fancy they
would quail or have a call to something besides
preaching. Would any true minister keep silent
with regard to the wrong, though some wicked
man were to offer him seventy-five dollars a year
to say nothing to hurt his "business ?" Some do
not wish to hear truth which will convict and
convert, but the true servant of Christ must tell
just that truth though he get nothing more than
locusts and wild honey. Let us by all means
have the truth, if it is sharp and cutting. Often
I have spoken so plainly that I doubt not I have
offended many, though I have really never meant
to do so; yet I cannot but hope it will ultimately
result in good, even the offense, for it will cer-
tainly make them think. We cannot talk too
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A FIGHT AGAINST
plainly in our opposition to this potent agent of
the devil. Were I superintendent of some of
these railroads and street car lines, I would post
notices in conspicuous places as follows:
No conductor in the employ of this company
is permitted to smoke or chew tobacco while on duty.
- - , Sup't.
Recently while riding in one of our street
cars, a lady asked the conductor a question and
before he could reply, he was forced to step to
the front of the car and empty his mouth of a
large quantity of tobacco juice; some of it seemed
to spatter upon her clothing. There was once a
professed Christian man called upon the pastor
in the pastor's study, and as there was no spit-
toon at hand that filthy Cbristian(?) befouled the
wood and wood-box in a horrible manner with his
tobacco juice ; and presently when the pastor's
wife came in and attempted to replenish the fire
she found her hands soiled and stained by the
juice which covered the wood. Are not such
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A MONSTER EVIL.
137
things a shame ? Will not clean people unite
in a warfare against this nuisance? It is bumil-
iating to feel that sometimes one must meet with
opposition from those upon whom he had hoped
for assistance and good words of cheer. Once,
in another city I called upon the pastor of
the church of which denomination I am a
member, and asked permission to use the
Sabbath School room of his church to speak on
this question, telling him I would see that due
notice was given in the other Sabbath Schools of
the place. The pastor referred me to the Super-
intendent of the school, saying that he was also
one of the trustees. When I learned wbat
business that Superintendent was engaged in, I
postponed indefinitely my visit to him. He was
a wholesale tobacco merchant. I called upon a
good Methodist pastor, whose heart was in the
work, who not only offered me bis Sunday School
room, but his large audience room, as soon as
their present special services closed. I have
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A FIGHT AGAINST
been so very busy with my little book, and other
work, that I have not yet spoken in that city, but
just as soon as I can find time to do so I intend
to let that pastor and that superintendent know
that there is one good man in that city, who
stands ready to help me along in this good work.
I wish to work largely in and through the
Sabbath Schools. I would like to see all the
boys and girls in all our Sabbath and day
schools, given not only the opportunity, but
the invitation to sign the pledge and put on the
badge. I feel that I cannot accomplish much
without the co-operation and assistance of
teachers and superintendents, and pastors of
churches. If only these will assist me, I think
that in a short time we will see great and bene-
ficent results follow. Let us be faithful to the
trust committed to us.
It may seem a simple thing to some that we
should ask any one to sign a pledge and wear a
badge. Every great movement seemed small in
A MONSTER EVIL.
139
AN
the beginning, and has had to meet and over-
come the prejudices of men before it could
obtain the popular favor. The temperance cause
is an illustrious example. Temperance princi-
ples have been taught so thoroughly, that in-
temperance has many staunch opposers. Some
people fancy that the Red Ribbon movement was
a failure. Such people are not well informed
upon this subject. If as much good was
accomplished by that movement in other cities as
was accomplished here, no one can estimate it.
I personally know those who were redeemed
from intemperance to a life of sobriety and
usefulness; one in particular, who was a
blacksmith. He would shoe a pair of horses, get
his pay, and hurry off to the saloon and not
return until some one led him back, or he came
staggering back, only to fall and lie in a drunken
stupor until the influence of the whiskey was
gone. As he was a first rate mechanic, some of
his customers would wait patiently for him to
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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sober up and be fit for work again. If bis wife
or children were not on hand to take the pay for
the next job, he would repeat his folly. When
the great Red Ribbon movement swept over this
city, this blacksmith was one of the first con-
victed of the wrongs of his habits. He turned
"right about face," and many were surprised to
notice the wonderful change in the man. I
heard men say, "When the excitement dies out,
he will go back to the same old life. Time has
proven all such people very much mistaken.
That blacksmith has held out firmly, made
money, and is one of our best citizens to-day. It
that movement did no one else any good, it saved
that man from a drunkard's grave, and who can
estimate that? Can we reckon such things in
dollars and cents ?
Every good cause meets with opposition. I
have been called a fool to my face because I
thought of trying to influence children in the
right. I am told this is the duty of parents, yet
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A MONSTER EVIL.
141
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how many parents are there who are fully qualified
• to do it? How many are entirely free from all
evil habits? The blind may not lead the blind else
they both fall into the ditch. The father who
comes from work after drinking three or four
glasses of beer, and who brings one or two quarts
home in his tin dinner pail for himself and family,
and who furthermore is adorned with an old pipe
in the mouth, is not the parent to teach his
children much of what is pure and
good. Such a father would not scruple to send
his little boy or girl to the saloon for beer, or
even something stronger. I have been in saloons
myself and saw little girls who were sent by their
parents, come in and call for beer, where vile
men were swearing and indulging in shameless
vulgarity.
Now for the poor little ones who have such
parents, who will be friend enough to try and help
to enlighten them? Are not we who can aid
and save them, guilty if we do not even try? Am
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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I not right in saying it is the duty of every school
to instruct the children in regard to the conse-
quences of evil habits? Surely the majority are
not instructed as they should be in their homes.
Some children will pay more regard to the advice
of a stranger than they will to either father or
mother, even though the parents are living
examples of truth and virtue, as was the case of
the young man in Milwaukee. Even the Saviour
of the world did not seem to have great influence
over those with whom he had been intimately
associated in early life. Let me illustrate what
one must sometimes endure for righteousness'
sake. When first I decided to close my store and
meat market on Sunday, (when I was often sell-
ing from thirty to forty dollars' worth of goods on
Sunday morning,) people said, “Livermore has
closed on Sunday just as a cunning scheme; he
wants to catch the trade of the Christians.” But
when I deliberately burned the tobacco upon
which I was making a large profit, and in which
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A MONSTER EVIL.
143
I had a large trade, they could not say that was
another scheme to make money, but now they
changed their expression and said, "Livermore is
certainly going crazy.” One kind lady, entering
my store soon after I had made a bonfire of my
tobacco, said: "Mr. Livermore, do you know
what my husband, Mr. Steiner, calls you?" "O,
I suppose some nice name,” was my reply. "No,
he calls you a crazy crank, and says I must stop
trading with you next pay day. He wants to
trade where he can get tobacco by the month." I
did feel reluctant to have so good customers leave
me, and urged her still to trade at my store, and
told her she must persuade her husband not to
change his grocer. She did continue trading
with me. Some months afterward she came into
the store pleasantly smiling, and said, “Mr.
Livermore, you don't know the good news! You
remember the day after you burned your tobacco
my husband told me I must tell you just what
he had called you? That has been troubling him
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A FIGHT AGAINST
ever since, until this morning he arose and took
bis tobacco, box and all, and threw it into the
stove, saying, “I will never touch it again."
That man is holding firmly to the right. I
have never met that man; his wife did all the
trading, paid all the bills, even to the bills
for tobacco. I care but little what people say or
think about me, if only I may help them see the
wrong and choose the right.
It doesn't hurt one to be called a crank. A
crank is really a useful thing. The story is told
of a large machine which had been manufactured
in the east and sent west. They set it up, but
found the crank was gone ; the machine was use-
less until the crank came on. Is it not so in life?
Before some great movements are started, some-
one must take the name and place of the crank.
You have heard the song containing the
words:
"Some people call us temperance cranks,
And we accept the name.
A crank is a thing that makes things go,
And we'll "get there" just the same."
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PART FOURTH.
HISTORY OF TOBACCO, AND ITS EFFECT UPON THE
HUMAN RACE.
This is the language of the weed: "Look at
me, follow me, smell me! This stunning cigar
I am smoking is one of a sample intended for the
Captain General of Cuba, and the king of Spain,
and positively cost a shilling! Oh, I have some
dearer at home. Yes the expense is frightful,
but it--who can smoke the monstrous rubbish
of the shops?” And the smoker says: "For thy
sake, Tobacco, I would do anything but die." It
may be truthfully said that this weed is hurtful
in every way. It is loathesome to the eye of the
beholder, offensive and sickening to the sense of
smell except to those who are accustomed to it ;
it clouds the brain, invades the lungs, and pains
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146
A FIGHT AGAINST
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the back of the smoker, and the smoke is an
inexcusable insult to all people of clean habits
and refined taste. A smoking-room reminds one
of the bottomless pit. The tobacco of commerce
consists of the broad leaves of the tobacco plant,
and belongs to the nightshade family, “Nico-
tiana,” The cultivated variety is "nicotiana
tabacum.” It was named after John Nicot who
is thought to have introduced it into Europe.
Under the microscope the leaves appear
thickly dotted with little glands, and these
glands are filled with an oily substance called
nicotine, so deadly a poison that one drop will kill
the most venomous serpent. The question arises,
how many drops would kill a human being?
There is not an animal on the face of the earth
that will voluntarily touch tobacco; and those
human beings who use it as an indulgence
degrade themselves below the least intelligent
animals. The smoker is more exposed to the
deadly effect of nicotine than is the one who
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À MONSTER EVIL.
147
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,
merely chews, though both are liable to injury
from it. The only safe way is to let it entirely
alone.
The objection may arise : “If tobacco is so
poisonous why is it not more fatal in its effects
upon those who habitually use it?” The reply
is, that it is always used in moderation and small
quantities at first; the system becomes accus-
tomed to it very gradually. Any poison may be
taken in the same way. There are those who
take arsenic and opium in quantities so large
each day that were one unaccustomed to take
either of these poisons in like quantities, the
result would be instant death. Our system, con-
tinually insulted and abused, like our con-
science, loses its sensitiveness. At the first effort
to chew or smoke there's always a struggle, the
stomach and whole system rebel against the
insult and make a most vigorous protest against
it. The first time I ever tried to smoke, I hap.
pened in a cigar factory at which a schoolmate
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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was working ; he gave me two cigars. I was taking
some nails in a wheelbarrow to my father, half a
mile distant. As soon as I was outside the
tobacco store 1 lighted my first cigar, and started
on my journey. I consumed more time in going
that half mile than I would in going ten miles
to-day. I would proceed a short distance and
- then sit down upon the handles of the wheel-
barrow to rest, but the tobacco overcame me.
I became so deathly sick I could go no further
and so lay down upon the grass. Such a nausea,
such a dizziness, such retching. Soon my stom.
ach seemed to become a vacuum. When I
reached my father, he said, “You look sick, you
must be very tired ; you had better go and lie
down. I was very glad he asked no questions as
to the cause of my looks. Fathers and mothers
cannot watch and question their children too
closely. I am quite confident my eldest boy
would never have gone so far astray, had I not
listened to a lady-a member of the church,
A MONSTER EVIL.
149
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who told me when she found me looking
after my boy-who frequently went away with
her's on Sunday. She said, "If you don't let that
boy have more advantages you will spoil him.”
And yet afterward my boy confessed to his moth-
er and I that that same lady's son gave
him his first cigarette, and first introduced him to
the habit of playing pool and billiards.
We may say of bad habits, as of bad com.
panions, “He weakened my strength in the way;
he shortened my days.”—Ps. 103 : 23. The high-
est medical authority declares that the use of
tobacco injures the bodily functions, impairs the
appetite, weakens the action of the heart, and so
stagnates the circulation of the blood. The pulse
becomes irregular, the hand unsteady, the lead
confused, and all because of interrupted circula-
tion. It so thins and poisons the blood that
leeches applied to the body of a smoker after a
short time fall off dead. • Dr. Richardson says
that tobacco diseases the blood, the heart,
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A FIGHT AGAINST
the organs of sense, the eyes, the ears, the
brain ; that smokers cannot escape the poison of
tobacco ; it gets into the blood and has its detri-
mental effect upon every fiber of the frame. The
temporary stimulous and soothing effect of this
narcotic are secured by the destruction of the
vital forces. The teeth turn yellow and decay ;
the gums become soft and spongy, causing the
loss of the teeth. Dentists find it very diffi-
cult to it artificial teeth to the jaws of some
tobacco users. It often occasions what is known
as "lobacco blindness.” I read of a young book-
keeper, only twenty-two, employed in one of the
large stores in New York City, who became totally
blind from cigar smoking while at his desk. The
best physicians said his blindness was caused by
smoking, while he wore the pasteboard to protect
his eyes from the light. He knew not of the injury
sure to come from the smoke caught and held
under that pasteboard protector (?). It is report.
ed that there are many compositors going blind
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A MONSTER EVIL.
151
11
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from smoking while employed at type-setting.
Tobacco is a destructive agent wherever it goes.
"Touch no unclean thing; be ye clean, ye that
bear the vessels ofthe Lord.”—Is. 52:11. To
smoke is a secret delight only serving to steal
away man's brains. Its effects are, if possible,
worse upon mind and heart than upon the bodily
health. It deadens conscience and leads to
many wrongs. It often makes people cross and
irritable, while others it renders melancholy. If
an habitual tobacco user be deprived of this
stimulating poison, he is completely unnerved.
This prevents many from giving it up. 'Tis
wiser to give it up than persist in it and sacrifice
health, and possibly one's soul, to its bondage.
I believe that in some cases it destroys a man's
love for his family, otherwise men would not
spend money that their families need in gratify-
ing this appetite. There are those who will
persist in smoking in their homes even after
they have been told by a physician that such a
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152
A FIGHT AGAINST
11
practice is jeopardizing the health of wife and
children. Such cases are common. We are told
upon medical authority that many instances of
chronic headache are caused in this way; and
that many children are so poisoned by their father's
pipes and cigars that they die early, or are puny
and sickly. Must it not be true, that the chil.
dren of tobacco users are not so strong in body
and mind as they would be were their parents not
addicted to this habit? They are much more
liable to nervous diseases if parents and grand
parents have used it. This follows from the
well established law of heredity. Carefully
gathered statistics from various insane asylums
go to prove that many cases of insanity result
directly from the excessive use of tobacco; and
he who uses it at all uses it to excess.
Often it is a secondary or indirect cause of
insanity co-operating with other causes, for in-as-
much as it is a nerve poisoner, it injures the
brain through which the mind acts, and a dis-
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A MONSTER EVIL.
153
ordered brain means insanity. "Be not wise in
thine own eyes, fear the Lord and depart from
evil.” Pro. 3:7. Tobacco has sadly affected
thousands of boys, by inducing dangerous
precocity, in the development of the passions,
softening and weakening the bones, and injuring
the spinal marrow, and the whole nervous fluid.
Not one of all the millions who use this weed
to-day would raise before the world and say he
was glad he formed the habit. Probably not one
in five hundred ever begins its use after he is
twenty years of age. They begin when they are
children ; they try and follow the example of
older persons; they want to be manly. They do
not know they are lowering their manhood. My
father began the use of this poison at the age of
fifty-five. Some old quack of a doctor told him
that if he would smoke equal quantities of
mullen leaves and tobacco, it would relieve him
of the asthma with which he was troubled. It
did not take him long to cast away the mullen
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154
A FIGHT AGAINST
al
and smoke tobacco alone. This illustrates how
the appetite may be formed. I think this habit
hastened my father's death, as he lived only eight
years after he began it. All the saliva he needed
to assist in digestion, he ejected as spittle. This
brought on constipation, and death was the
result, tobacco the indirect cause. It is claimed
by some that the reason the human species is
becoming dwarfed is due in a measure to this
weed. Men were large and powerful two hun-
dred years ago. The Indians were once much
more perfect in physical development than they
are to-day. Very seldom were they formerly
found under six feet in height. Dr. Copeland, of
England, says that tobacco arrests the growth of
the body, resulting in low stature and weak
bodily powers. Dr. Ferguson says he believes
that no man who smokes before the bodily
powers are developed, ever makes a strong and
vigorous man. Dr. Constan was appointed by
the French government, to investigate the effects
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A MONSTER EVIL.
155
1
of tobacco upon boys, and in his report he said
that "the great depressing action of tobacco upon
intellectual development was beyond question.
It clogs all the intellectual faculties, and
especially the memory ; its effects are greater in
proportion to the youth." The French govern-
ment has prohibited the use of tobacco by chil-
dren and youth.
The Council of Berne, Switzerland, has
prohibited its use to boys under fifteen years of
age. Germany has prohibited its use by boys
under sixteen years of age. They claim that its
use stunts them and prevents their growing into
strong soldiers. New Jersey, Massachusetts,
Iowa and Michigan have passed similar laws, and
there are bills pending in other states
upon the same question. If they would but
enforce the laws after making them it would be a
good thing. A French physician, after examin-
ing thirty-eight boys who smoked, between the
ages of nine and fifteen said, " nineteen showed
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156
A FIGHT AGAINST
i
marked symptoms of nicotine poisoning, serious
derangement of the mental faculties and a strong
desire for liquor. Three had heart disease,
and twelve had ulceration of the lining mem-
brane of the mouth.
Dr. Gihon, Medical Director of the United
States Navy, says that many candidates who
apply for admission to the Naval Academy are
rejected each year, on account of defective sight
and heart trouble, caused directly by the use of
tobacco. He persuaded Congress to pass a law
prohibiting its use in all the United States naval
Academies. If the boys wish to become strong,
manly men, they must abstain from the use of
tobacco. Get wisdom, get understanding, for-
get it not. Prov. 4: 5.
Within the last fifty years, no young man
addicted to the use of tobacco, has graduated at
the head of his class in Harvard College ; and
five out of six of the students have used it.
They say it is impossible for any student to keep
A MONSTER EVIL.
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up with his studies and be a slave to this habit.
There have been examinations in primary, inter-
mediate and high school departments, as well as
in colleges, and the result is ever the same. At
the naval Academy of Brest eight smokers fell
so low in one year that they lost among them
one hundred and twenty places.
Says Dr. Willard Parker concerning our
own schools and colleges, “ Tobacco is ruinous
and dwarfing. In the examinations for the free
college of New York city, out of nine hundred
girls, seventy one per cent passed, while only
forty-eight per cent of the boys passed who tried
the examinations. The teachers ascribe the
difference to the fact that the boys use tobacco,
and the girls do not. It has been proven that
ten girls pass the examination where one boy
passes.
"Because sentence against an evil work is
not executed speedily, therefore the hearts of the
sons of men is fully set in them to do evil.”
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“Say "No!” to tobacco that poisonous weed,
Say “No” to all evils ; they only can lead
To shame and to sorrow; O shun them my boy,
For wisdom's fair pathway of peace and of joy."
HISTORY OF THE CIGARETTE.
IL
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A Cigarette is no more than a "little cigar"
so doctored as to give it the desired flavor. It
contains opium, "Havana flavoring,” made from
the tonca bean, which contains a deadly poison,
brandy, rum and many harmful drugs. The paper
used to wrap them in is called “rice paper," but real
rice paper is so expensive, a cheap substitute is
used; so cheap that three cents' worth will wrap a
thousand cigarettes. This paper is made from
filthy rags, bleached in lime, and then treated
with a preparation of arsenic and lead, to give it
the appearance of rice paper. Just think of it,
cigarette smokers!-the filthy gleanings of the rag-
pickers in your mouth! You do not know where
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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those rags come from; may be from deseased
persons bandages of chronic ulcers of all sorts.
Can they ever be made clean enough for you to
put between your lips? The very lime, and other
substances used in bleaching are harmful to the
lining membranes of the mouth, throat and nose.
I can quite easily detect a cigarette smoker,
having talked with so many of them, and become
80 accustomed to their appearance. The cigarette
smoker is usually peaked faced, the nose is
partially red, sometimes more so than that of an
inebriate, and the eyes look heavy and dull.
Sometimes in a crowd I point out here and there,
or speak to them and tell them of their evil habit.
The arsenic poisons the whole system, and there-
fore cigarettes are more harmful to smoke; than
tobacco in any other form. They are manufac-
tured from such cheap material that they are
placed within the reach of any little boy who can
get a penny. How great and cruel is the temp-
tation. The arsenic and nicotine do their
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A FIGHT AGAINST
deadly work as the paper burns gradually away,
and consequently suffering is sure to follow.
"Be ye all of one mind, having compassion one
for another; love the brethren, be pitiful, be
courteous." I. Pet. 3:8.
Can any one explain upon principles of
justice or good breeding, the right of the smoker
to render the cars, steamboats, hotels and all
other places where he elects to be, disagreeable
and often sickening? What is courtesy? It is
doing a kind act in a polite manner; its root is a
"cour”-heart, and to make it really courteous,
the kind act must come from the heart. The
tobacco user is almost always discourteous; men
are less gentlemanly with regard to smoking than
almost any other thing. They carelessly puff the
smoke into any one's face without the least
thought of apology, and the offended have no
defense, no redress against the insult, and no
escape. What is thought of those who persist in
eating onions just before going into crowded
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A MONSTER EVIL.
161
assemblies? Are they not justly considered dis-
courteous, to put it mildly?
A smoking preacher once asked a French-
man who was traveling in this country: "Do
gentlemen use much tobacco in France?” The
reply was, “No gentleman uses tobacco.” The
tobacco odor is stronger from breath and clothing
of many an inveterate smoker and much
more offensive, than the strongest onions. The
chewer is always discourteous. He ejects his
fifth wherever he may chance to be, in street cars,
on side walks and other places, and often the
most delicate and expensive fabrics worn by our
mothers, wives and daughters must suffer ruin
from this abominable filth. There is a noble
Christian lady in our city, Mrs. Tathem, who for
nearly seven years has, by a hard struggle, kept a
mission room open for all who desire to enter and
listen to the word of God. Some one is there
almost every night to lead. There is an indus-
trial school in connection with the mission, and
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this lady collects funds and keeps things moving
on; but her greatest trial comes each morning
in cleaning that room from the filth of tobacco
chewers, who congregate there and who have no
respect for anything or any body. The floor is so
polluted, that if one were to request the prayers
of Christians and a desire to kneel were felt,
who could kneel in so unclean a place even for
the purpose of prayer. Do not things like this
make us blush for our humanity? and is it not a
shame that these things are true ? How can any
one with a spark of self respect be so indecent and
unclean? Surely tobacco deadens all the finer
sensibilities, and renders its votaries discourteous.
“Can two walk together except they be agreed?"
-- Amos 3: 3. I fancy there is not only "blood"
relation, but relation by marriage existing be-
tween tobacco and strong drink. Horace Grecley
thought these two were closely related, and he
said, "Show me a drunkard who does not use
tobacco, and I will show you a white black-bird."
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163
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A distinguished English physician gives it
as his opinion, after an experience and observa-
tion of more than fifty years, that tobacco is the
principal cause of the proverbial drunkenness of
his country. I believe the evil must be arrested
by laying the axe to the root of the matter the
superinducing cause—the thirst-creating power
of tobacco. If a hard drinker makes an effort to
leave his cups, and does not at the same time
stop using this weed, the probabilities are ten to
one that he will fall and fail. Smoking seems
to create a continual thirst for some kind of stim-
ulating drink. I feel sure that this tormenting
thirst led me into taking beer, ale, porter and
wine. But I thank God, that by his assisting
grace I have overcome both. His word calls us
"temples of God.” Ought we not to keep the temple
clean? Is there not close connection between
purity of body and purity of mind ? If one
suffers the other must also suffer. The weed
under consideration is filthy in itself, and in its
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preparation. In the factory at Richmond,
Virginia, the leaves are spread upon the floor,
often a very dirty floor, and there is a negro in
bare feet who walks over them and sprinkles
them with flavoring; meantime the negro chews
and adds the juice from his mouth to the “flavor-
ing !" No wonder that Dr. Harris says, “The
use of tobacco saps all the foundation of man.
hood and virtue, and paves the way for every
vice, and so tends directly and powerfully to the
grossest immorality.” The vilest talk ever heard
comes from tobacco-stained lips. God taught
the ancients purity, by requiring them to wash in
clean water and wear clean clothing. The
tobacco slave is never clean, the lips are dirty,
beard dirty, their teeth dirty and yellow, and the
clothing impregnated with the offensive odor.
“ He who is false to present duty breaks the
thread in the loom, and will find the flaw when
he may have forgotten the cause." --Henry Ward
Beecher. "Provide things honest in the sight of
all men.” Rom. 12:17.
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A MONSTER EVIL.
165
We call a person who steals, a thief, but it is
no worse to steal than to tempt others to do so.
How many merchants are there who in selling
boys tobaoco, are tempting them to steal ? and
are only helping them on toward slavery? I
remember, at one time after I had addressed an
assembly of people in Manistee, among those
who stayed to sign the pledge and put on the
badge I noticed one small boy not more than ten
years old. He looked so wishfully I thought I
read his thoughts, and told him if he had not the
ten cents to pay for the badge and wanted one I
would give it to him. He said that was not
wbat he was thinking about; he did not believe
he could stop the use of tobacco ; he had tried ;
he had been punished for using it, but he could
not stop. I spent much time with the little
fellow before I could induce him to sign the
pledge. Honest, struggling boy! Shall we
blame merchants alone when our Houses of Cor-
rection and Reform(?) Schools furnish tobacco
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to their inmates ? Is it right to encourage these
convicts in their very vices ? When a youth is
locked up for the sake of reformation, his bad
habits, so far as possible, should be locked out-
side of the place of his confinement. We are
told tobacco encourages the convict to work more
dextrously. Most of the work done in these
places is contract labor. Let this thing go on a
few more years, and every city in this state will
have a house of correction. All we have to-day
are overcrowded. When factories of this kind
are built everywhere, and their labor let out on
contract, what is the poor but honest laborer to
do in this unfair competition? Shall the future
arouse us when it is too late ?
Let me repeat my appeal then, to the fathers
and mothers of this state. If you do not wish your
children to help fill the houses of correction and
reform schools, or to compete by and by with
convict labor, join the ranks that are forming
against these evils, whose tendency is to make
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A MONSTER EVIL.
167
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beggars and robbers. Each should try and make
the most of himself, and improve to the utmost
every faculty God has given, that he may accom-
plish the most good in the little life he lives here.
He is self-indulgent and yields to evil practices, he
does not make the most of himself, and is recre-
ant toward God and man. "Wherefore do ye
spend your money for that which is not bread
and your labor for that which satisfieth not.”
Is. 55 : 2.
The annual expenditure for tobacco in the
U. S. falls but little below $590,000,000, and the
waste of health cannot be reckoned in this com-
putation. Our tobacco bill for last year (1889)
as shown in the Internal Revenue Report, was just
$433,184,480, and the number of cigars and cigar-
ettes manufactured was 4,957,598,488! and the
number of pounds of the weed used 191,592,240.
The vast amount of money wasted is the most
insignificant item to be considered ; think of the
strength, the health, the morals-these cannot be
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expressed in figures. He who smokes three ten
cent cigars each day expends in this way $109.50
yearly, not counting interest. Were he to save
this amount for twelve years, be could purchase
and pay for a good home worth two thousand dol-
lars. In speaking of the cost of the tobacco habit,
an exchange says :
"If the tobacco users of the United States
would abstain for a period of two years from the
chewing, smoking and snuff-taking habit, and
place the money they would spend for tobacco
in that period in a common fund, there would be
enough money in the fund to almost wipe
out the entire national debt, and five years'
abstaining would give the head of each family in
the United States enough money to invest in an
eighty-acre home-stead farm in the far Western
States and Territories ; or it would give us a navy
of fifty first-class war vessels, fully equipped, and
create a fund that would man and maintain them
and the Navy Department for a period of at least
twenty-five years."
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A MONSTER EVIL.
169
President Wayland of the American Board
of Missions says: That in all the world there is
not so much money expended yearly for missions
as New York city expends for cigars.
The Internal Revenue collector for the fourth
district of Michigan says: There are ten times
as many dollars spent in that district for tobacco,
as it requires to maintain the State University,
that noble institution of learning. The Inde.
pendent says: There's a single firm in New
Haven that sells one hundred and twenty thous-
and cigarettes to the students of Yale College
every month! or one million two hundred thous-
and for the ten months of the school year. I
would like to see this statement printed in large
letters, and put up in every room of the college.
LOF
TOBACCO-WHAT IT DOES.
Stunts a boys growth,
Saps his strength,
Takes away his vim,
Weakens his nerve power,
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Renders bim cowardly
Physically and morally,
Injures his sight,
Exposes to cancers,
Inclines to heart disease,
Tempts to falsehood and theft,
Often closes the door of success,
Shuts the door to the best positions,
Leads to bad company,
Creates a thirst for strong drink,
Gives a coarseness to manners,
Rendering discourteous
And very offensive,
And neccessarily unclean;
It calls for larger and larger expenditures,
It destroys the beauty of the tree,
And pollutes the breath,
It induces selfishness,
It enslaves its votaries,
And on its altar are offered up purity, man-
liness, and it may be the destroyer of the
Soul itself.:
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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Joseph Cook speaks the truth when he says,
that “ Novels and cigars are the devil's kindling
wood with which the hearts of boys are set on fire.”
King James of England tried to destroy the
traffic in tobacco by the high license method, and
imposed a tax of six shillings ten pence on each
pound of tobacco imported. It is said that at
one time in Russia the laws were so stringent
against using tobacco that if one were appre-
hended using itfor the first offense he was
punished with the bastinado; for the second his
nose was cut off, and for the third death was the
penalty. The Turks passed laws quite as severe.
In 1624, Pope Urban VIII. excommunicated all
those who took snuff in church. His successor,
Innocent X., renewed the bull of excommunica-
tion in 1690. Yet the extent to which the use of
the weed has grown in spite of strenuous opposi-
tion is amazing. It is interesting to read the
laws passed in an early day in New England.
People were forbidden to use the weed except
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they were at great distances from any house,
The tobacco poison known as nicotine is
peculiarly virulent; it is not easily dissolved,
but so volatile that it rises with the smoke,
passes into the atmosphere, and affects injuriously,
not only the smoker but all who are forced to
breath the air which it impregnates. Nicotine oil
accumulates in the pipe that has been long in use
making them strong, and old smokers like them
the better, just as old topers like the strongest
liquors.
One inveterate smoker used his pocket knife
for the purpose of scraping his old pipe. Shortly
after he cut his finger with the same knife. In a
few hours the whole hand became terribly
inflamed and swollen. He was taken to the
hospital where the physicians said he was
poisoned by nicotine, and nothing but amputation
of the arm could save his life. The arm was
amputated, but the poison had so spread through
the entire system that the man died, a martyr to
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A MONSTER EVIL.
173
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tobacco! Children have in some cases been
fatally poisoned by using old pipes in blowing
soap bubbles, the subtile nicotine doing its deadly
work. One drop of this poison placed
upon a cat's tongue will kill it very quickly. Is
it safe for any one to tamper carelessly with so
potent a toxic ?
After all that has been said, after we fully
understand the nature of this weed, how can
people who lay any claim to kindness, or a
philanthropic spirit, still use and sell this des-
troyer of health and morals ? And when it is
one of the most influential factors in filling the
Reform Schools. and Houses of Correction.
Think of it just a moment, five hundred out of
six hundred convicts in the Auburn penitentiary
declared that the beginning of the downward
course in life, which finally terminated in that
prison, was when they began to use tobacco, and
the first theft was of money to purchase it. Let all
those who can influence the young, keep such
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facts as these before them. It is hardly possible
to say too much or say it too forcibly upon this
subject. Let the truth, then, be reiterated. Let
each ask himself: Have I no personal duty, no
personal responsibility in this matter? Would
we have them successful ? Would we have them
victorious in the battle of life? Then we must
warn them of the dangers and by our example point
out the better way. “If any man defile the
temple of God, him will God destroy, for the
temple of God is holy, which temple ye are.”—
1 Cor. 3:19.
The New York Times well says : “The boy
who smokes or chews, poisons himself, and the
teacher who does not know this is not fit to be
trusted with the government of children. He
who permissively encourages boys to smoke or
chew, is a corrupter of youth.” What shall be
said of the teacher who himself uses it, and thus
by his example leads scores of his pupils to do
the same? “ Tobacco leads to laziness, by being
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175
an incentive to procrastination,” says Dr. Stephen-
son. A striking illustration of its effects upon
the memory is furnished by a distinguished
French savant, who was an inveterate snuff taker.
He bad learned one thousand five hundred root
words in several languages, but found them slip-
ping from his memory, and on being told this
was caused by his use of tobacco, he gave it up,
and six years later thus described the result : “ It
was like a veritable resurrection of health, mind
and memory. My ideas have become more lucid,
my pen quicker, and I have seen gradually return
that great army of words that had run away. My
memory has recovered its richness and sensibil-
ity.” Dr. Bennet says, “ Tobacco seems to have
a peculiar power to deaden family affection, and
many cases coming under my own observation
confirm this statement. I knew a man who was
& very devoted husband and father, a happy
Christian and an earnest worker in the church and
Sabbath schools. He has now become unendur-
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IV
able in his family relations, given up all sorts of
Christian work, alienated his Christian friends by
his moroseness. No other cause can be assigned
than the use of tobacco. His physicians tell him
this is the cause and that unless he gives it up he
will die. He acknowledges the truth of what they
say—and adds—then I must die, for I cannot give
it up. This bopelessness is a marked effect of
tobacco using, and adds to the difficulty of break-
ing the chains of this fearful habit.”
John B. Gough tells of a friend of his who
threw away his tobacco, saying that was the end
of it. But that was only the beginning, for be
suffered intensely. The cravings were so strong,
he felt he must have it, and purchased another
plug. But God's spirit came to his aid, and he
called on Him, as be held the plug in his hand,
and said: "I love you, but are you my master,
or am I yours? You are a weed, and I am a man.
I will master you if I die for it. It shall never
be said of me again, “ that is a man, mastered by
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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a thing." So whenever the craving was felt, he
would take out the tobacco and talk to it. It
was nearly two months before he obtained the
complete victory; but he said the glory of the
victory had paid him for the hard struggle. Dr,
Henry Reynolds and Francis Murphy both say it is
harder to overcome the tobacco appetite than the
liquor appetite; they each learned it must be
done, if they would not return to drinking again.
We can overcome these habits by the help of
God; but we must stop at once, and let that
settle it forever! We may not dally here. We
may not "taper off gradually," we must set our
highest motives to work, and yield to our most
sacred sense of duty, make the fight between
right and wrong. While the fight is in progress it
may be well enough to keep a piece of tobacco
in the pocket and when the craving returns take
it out and talk to it, but there is danger here.
Some find relief in eating small quantities of
ginger, others in drinking plenty of cold water.
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All the information obtainable should be gleaned,
and then scattered abroad, concerning cigarettes.
How foolish it seems to those who never use
them to see others doing so. It is said that
certain factories cannot procure enough stubs
and scrapings; they send away for Turkish
tobacco into the composition of which opium
enter's largely. The effects of the constant
inhalation of this narcotic are ruinous in the
extreme. The constant smoker of Russian and
Turkish tobacco in the form of cigarettes, soon
becomes pale, jaundiced and listless. The
enervating drug saps the life of the smoker, and
at the end of a few years leaves bim totally unfit
for work, a veritable object of compassion in his
inability to free himself from the baneful
influence of the subtile poison.
Another deleterious effect from cigarette
smoking comes from the paper in which it is
wrapped, and of which we have already spoken,
adding only, that the white lead in it is a deadly
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A MONSTER EVIL.
179
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poison causing blotches on the face, injuring the
teeth, and ulcers upon the lips.
It appears to me that in the death of Mr. L.
M. Herley, one of the leading druggists of our
city, all young men who smoke cigarettes should
take timely warning. I had been personally
acquainted with Mr. Herley for twenty years, and
I feel confident that cigarettes and opium com-
bined hastened, if they did not directly cause his
death. At times that man's face would be mar-
red by ugly blotches and his complexion would
become yellow as saffron. I cannot think that
liquor had so ruinous an effect upon him as did
cigars, cigarettes and opium. In the fall of 1889
this prosperous business man was found one day
doubled up in the corner of his room, cold and
dead—where he had met and yielded to the king
of terrors, neglected and alone. I had urged him
numbers of times to give up his ev il habits. He
was an educated, kindly dispositioned man, and
called as good a druggist as the city afforded. O,
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how foolish he was, to let bad habits enslave him
and take his life!
It is quite natural for children and uninform-
ed people to suppose a cigarette less harmful
than a cigar. The cigarette is more harmful
because of the manner and material in its com-
position.
The newspapers have given clear notes of
warning against putting money between the lips
while making change, in paying omnibus fares,
etc., because money passes through so many
different hands there is danger of contracting
contagious diseases ; and yet how much greater
is the danger from the filthy stubs of cigars
gathered from all sorts of refuse heaps, and for-
merly used by the most polluted of the human
race. Think once more of the energy of the four-
fold poison, nicotine, arsenic, Havana flavoring
and opium, all combined in each cigar or cigarette
made! And the children all over this land are
smoking these things, and because they do not
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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instantly feel the bad effects in severe suffering,
they fancy they are quite safe.
I think I detest a strong tobacco breath or
odor as much as anyone living ; yet I cannot
escape, nor can others who feel as I do. We bave
no rights that the tobacco user regards in this
matter in the least. If a lady be traveling in a
parlor car for comfort and protection, she is not
safe from the intrusion of this offensive nuisance.
A man (I will not say gentleman) may come in
from the "smoker," seat himself in front of her,
too close for comfort, hang his great-coat in just
such a position that the air from the ventilator
wafts the fumes with which that coat is power-
fully impregnated, directly to her nostrils ; and to
pay for his discourtesy that innocent lady must
suffer from headache and a rebellious stomach.
If she travel by boat she must be shut within the ;
stuffy cabin, because on deck she cannot escape
the sickening cigarette and cigar smoke. She
seeks the sea-side or mountains, but here, too, she
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is banished from all the airy piazzas by the cigar-
ettes, pipes and cigars. She takes her sick baby
into the country for pure air, but she finds even
the inmates of the country home are slaves to the
same unsavory habit. 'Tis a shame and disgrace
that these things are so. Is it not time that
heroic measures were taken and a damper were
put upon this disgusting nuisance? The author
has faint hope of reforming the present genera-
tion; if an impression for good may be made
upon the boys and girls not yet stullified by the
vulgarity and discourtesy of using tobacco, great
good will be accomplished. This is the reason I
give my time and what talent I have to forward-
ing on this work. I follow the promptings of my
own heart. Are not the ladies and girls, in a
measure at least, responsible for the spread of
this habit? How many silly girls there are, who
for fear of offending young men, pretend they like
tobacco smoke-and older women are often guilty
of the same untruth. God pity the girl or woman
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variante de esta manera transmetimin ne menyre temmer
who hasn't the moral courage to say, "No, I do
not like it, it is very offensive to me." Thus some
men have come to believe they can smoke any-
where and offend nobody, and be guilty of no
discourtesy. One has said, “ Tobacco is so filthy
that in thought we are forced into dirty places.
even when we talk about it.” Blackwoods' mag.
azine puts it thus : “ Tobacco is the favorite filth
of every savage life to-day on the globe. Its use
and its own nature is the filthiest, most foolish,
dullest and most disgusting practice on the face
of the earth. The influence of tobacco is worse
than anything else on earth; it leads our boys
into bad company, excludes them from good
homes and good influences, and leads into the
companionship of street loafers, who gather on
the corners or in front of churches Sunday even.
ings, around depots and dram shops, where they
- listen to vile stories and vile jokes, and question-
able songs. The boy hears with the moral sense
deadened by nicotine, and fails to be shocked by
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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what would horrify his mother and sister ; his
imagination is led astray, and his heart polluted.
Abundant testimony proves that the smoking of
cigars is to be reckoned with impurity, physical
and moral. The smoking rooms on some of our
ocean and lake steamers are noisy, stenchful ma
pandimonium of smoking, drinking and gambling,
into which no decent person can enter, and in
which no peace-loving person can stay without
exasperation."
A Look at the following striking contrast, and
think about it.
r Cleanliness, Dirty,
| Purity in | Impure,
| Thought, | Leads to vicious company,
Word,
Vile Imagination,
Deed, and Filthy Communication.
| Life.
God connects cleanliess and purity. When
the children of Israel were in Egyptian bondage
be wrought upon their moral nature by centuries
of training, insisting upon perfect cleanliness in
everything connected with worship just as soon
as national worship was established.
God Loves
Tobacco is
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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Even the sacrifices must be without spot or
blemish. We should sacredly guard these
bodies in which the Holy Spirit has the right to
dwell and reign. Our lives must be pure here,
else we may not hope to be welcomed to the
assembly of saints above, who are arrayed in fine
linen, clean and white; only those who over-
come are to be arrayed in wbite raiment. All
these things teach the necessity of a pure life.
Can the life be pure when one is a slave to
tobacco? Were any who read these lines invited
to the palace of a king or any residence of
riches and splendor we would try to go suitably
attired and scrupulously clean, having on our
best robes. But when the infinite Father comes
to take possession of our hearts, does he find us
prepared to receive him ? How many are defiled
and corrupted by tobacco and alcohol and other
poisons? Tobacco cannot be made clean by any
process known to human skill ; prepared as it
usually is, it is simply horrible to think of...
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A FIGHT AGAINST
Through this habit men not only rob themselves
of health of body and stength of mind, but they
go on in the way of the transgressor, and cheat
themselves out of the enjoyment that comes to
those alone who have a pure and noble character.
The aims may become low and selfish ; tempta-
tions are not manfully resisted. This habit
reminds one of the work of the toredo, (a tiny
specimen of submarine animal life), that some-
times destroys the largest ships. It seems
quite impossible that things so small could do so
much mischief; but some day the great boat
goes down in an awful crash with its precious cargo
of men, women and children all because the tiny
toredo has done his work so well. Thus are many
naturally strong characters, ruined through indul-
gences very small in their beginnings. Those who
have in any way benumbed the moral sense, and
gone on in the paths of wrong, must soon
meet exposure and shipwreck.
If the secret history of the defalcations
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A MONSTER EVIL.
187
It
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which are becoming so common were written,
and the long chain of causes could be traced
back link by link, and we could see them as God
sees them, would we not find in tobacco the
origin of many of them? A man seventy years
of age, who all his life had borne an irreproach-
able character, was arrested for stealing, and
confessed his crime. When questioned by the
judge as to the motive which prompted the deed,
he replied, “I have the misery to be a hopeless
smoker; when I have no tobacco I am frantic. I
can neither work, eat nor sleep; I go from place
to place raging like a mad dog. The day I stole,
I had been without tobacco twelve hours. I tried
to find an acquaintance of whom I could borrow
à pipe full and could not. I then resorted to
crime as a lesser evil than I then suffered. The
need was stronger than I was." Even the love
of wife and children is no solace while the dread-
ful craving is unappeased. Is it not base robbery
to give the preference to a vile habit, rather than to
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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those who should bave the first and highest place
in our affections ? God is robbed and the family
is robbed by him who injures this wonderful
body, that should be kept pure and clean from
disease.
He assumes the fearful risk of transmitting
his diseased blood and depraved appetite to his
children. How can a father carry such a risk
and not feel condemned? Is he past all feeling?
Does he not care? Or does he close his heart to
the unwelcome truth? The world of humanity
stands in need of our best thoughts and purest
lives. The world is waiting for our children to
come after us and do a better work than we have
done. Shall we not strengthen the children by
our influence and example? Shall we not teach
them to hate the wrong and love the right? Shall
we not teach them to take care of their earnings?
How many young men there are to-day in good
situations, who are squandering a large share of
their salaries for the support of the tobacco habit,
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A MONSTER EVIL.
189
some as high as twenty-five cents to one dollar
daily. Oh, let it be remembered the sun doesn't
always shine! In a neighboring town a gentle-
man lost his property through a mortgage. Fif-
teen years ago he was a great smoker of cigars
at three for twenty-five cents, or ten cents each ;
he smoked on an average six each day. He lost
his situation ; the mortgage was foreclosed. The
day this spendthrift moved out of his home, he
was passing his neighbor's gate and the neighbor
accosted him thus: "Did you hear of the great
fire that destroyed a man's house and lot?” The
innocent man inquired: "What kind of soil could
it have been to burn the lot?” “It was tobacco
soil, it could have been very easily extinguished,
when it first started, it originated on the end of a
cigar about fifteen years ago." How many are
there to-day who are burning good homes in
this way, and preparing their families for future
destitution? Was it not a disgrace to this whole
nation when the Yorktown Commission brought
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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111
DUI
before Congress a bill of $1,386.20 for cigars and
cigarettes alone? While even a deeper and more
inexcusable disgrace attaches to the junketings
in the funeral train of the lamented Garfield.
Did the most benighted heathen ever equal those
frauds of the dead president, in indecent conduct?
It is said the great Russian theatre was set
on fire by a cigar carelessly thrown into some
rubbish ; in those flames three hundred people
perished. A match thrown on the floor by a
smoking plumber ignited Harper's great printing
house and resulted in a loss of over one million
dollars, and two thousand people were thrown
out of employment. So powerful is the habit,
that the strictest rules fail to prevent smoking
amid the most dangerous surroundings. In a
single day pipes and matches were found in the
pockets of fifty-eight workmen entering the pow-
der works of Hounslow!
The saddest thing connected with the
tobacco habit is that upon which we touched but
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A MONSTER EVIL.
191
L
briefly in a preceding page-the hereditary
influence-innocent children suffering for the
sins of their parents. Nothing is more marked
than this hereditary effect. It appears not alone
in the transmission of the dreadful appetite, but
in the deranged nervous system, weak minds, etc.
Physicians claim that the hereditary influence of
tobacco is worse than that of alcohol ; that the
frightful increase of nervous diseases including
insanity, is due to the general use of this weed,
quite as much if not more than to intemperance,
Dr. Brodie, physician to Queen Victoria, says
this is a sin that affects the third and fourth
generation.
This an important element in the problem,
what does it cost?
Yes, wbat does it cost ?
[ Time, Health,
Money Food, Books, Energy, Strength,
that | Clothing, Pictures, Length of Days,
should | Homes, Churches, Mental Power,
pay for (Schools, Missions. Honor, Conscience,
Life, Souls.
Does it Pay?
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A FIGHT AGAINST
It is claimed by those who are in a position
to know, that tobacco culture if long continued
exhausts the most fertile soil. Gen'l John H.
Cook, of Virginia, says it ruins the land for all
future crops, so that it is good for nothing after-
ward. As a proof of this statement, every
homestead from the Atlantic border to the head
of tide water is a mournful monument. It has
been the besom of destruction which has swept
over this once fertile region. Says à traveler,
“ The old tobacco lands of Maryland and Virginia
are an eye sore, odious, barren-looking, as though
blasted by some spirit of evil. Even the ground
it grows on is cursed, and why should not the
curse extend to those who use the stuff that
seems to remain under such a malediction ? And
all this waste is not for bread nor clothing, nor
anything of benefit to mankind. No beast will
touch it; there is no nourishment in it, every
stomach loathes it until drugged into insensibility
and powerless submission. Do some accuse
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A MONSTER EVIL.
193
VINE
me of being too radical upon this subject ? I
make no apology and say only, “From the full-
dess of the heart the mouth speaketh." I have
worn the manacles, been in the toils and suffered
from the cruel bondage. I was its obedient slave
for more than twenty years. Now the manacles
are broken, I am out of the toils and rejoice in
being once more a free man. The tyrant's spell is
gone, and the charmer charms no more. It
appears that one who has, after a desperate
struggle, overcome this evil, is more bitterly
opposed to it than is one who never felt its ruth-
less sway. The reason is, these know what the
effects are sure to be upon generations yet to
come, except there is intelligence upon this
question. Kind christian people say, “We ought to
try and convert these people, and then they will
abandon their evil habits.” Let me ask, How
many claim that they are converted, and yet
cling to their tobacco ? Are all pastors of
churches clean? One of my intimate friends
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194
A FIGHT AGAINST
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desired me to speak in a certain church and prom-
ised to make the necessary arrangements. The
pastor said he would be glad to have me speak in
his church upon the subject. But a change came in
the programme. The pastor forgot to announce
it for the next Monday night. He visited me
and said he thought it would be better to wait
awhile and have it advertised more publicly in
the other churches. I replied “Any time."
Weeks passed; I received no call. It happened
one day that another pastor, who is outspoken
upon this subject, as upon every other evil,
inquired if I had yet spoken in the church above
mentioned. I said I had not, then he smiled
and said, that recently when making a friendly
call he had found the pastor of that church
smoking a pipe. Both were astonished. “Mur-
der will out.” Such conduct appears like
deception. Such things ought to be made right.
Who knows the good that might have resulted
from that proposed meeting? Forty may have
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A MONSTER EVIL.
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left off that bad habit that night. That pastor
should have said candidly, “Mr. Livermore I use
tobacco myself, and if you were to speak in
my church it would make an unfavorable
impression upon my people toward me."
That would have been the Christian way.
I shall not speak in that brother's church
until he gives up the weed, or offers an apology.
Truly the fight against this evil should be
taken up by all the best classes of society every-
where. When we contemplate the number of
people, old and young, who attend church and
Sabbath School, and then those vast other
numbers who seldom enter a church or Sabbath
School, our hearts are stirred. How many
thousands of children there are who attend public
school, yet who never attend Sabbath School nor
public worship. Who is to teach these children?
And where are they to be taught with regard to
morality and religion?
The author believes in conversion as fully as
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any one living; but he believes also that there is
a vast amount of work to be done outside of the
churches. There is a work wholly educational,
and the best part of an education is not aptness
acquired in science and mathematics and history
and literature, but in strength of moral character.
Not mere intelligence, but love of truth and virtue
is the thing most needed in all classes and condi-
tions of society. Had our parents and teachers
of the past thought more of this we would not
see the prevalence of so low a type of moral sen-
timent as is common everywhere. There is not
a true father or mother in this land to-day who
could or would oppose the most careful and
extensive teaching in regard to the evils of the
tobacco habit ; even though the parents were
supporting their children by the sale of the poison,
and were using it themselves. We fancy that by
and by these good people who have been working
so long, so earnestly and so bravely for the sup-
pression of the liquor traffic, will awake to a
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A MONSTER EVIL.
197
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realization of the truth that there has been a
strong under-current of evil, working somewhat
unobserved for the last three hundred years, as a
source of supply and reinforcement to intemper-
ance, like the current below the surface waters of
Niagara. I have stood upon the bank of that
mighty stream and seen men in small row boats
glide over the smooth waters less than one fourth
of a mile from the spot where the waters come
leaping to a fearful plunge to the abyss 160 feet
below! At a very short distance below the falls,
less than eighty rods, there is scarcely a ripple.
The great body of water seems stunned by the
fall, and for a time moves silently, majestically
on. People take pleasure in rowing from one
side to the other, very close to the cataract.
The thought of the whirlpool and under-current
below only adds zest to the enjoyment. The
awful and terrible under-current is unobserved,
until it comes up in its fierceness, like a roaring
lion, “seeking whom it may devour.” It seems
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A FIGHT AGAINST
quite impossible for any living thing to escape
the fury of those mad waters below, if once in
their power. Many a fool-hardy adventurer has
tried their force to his sorrow.
There is a striking analogy between that
insatiable and quiet under-current of Niagara,
taking all or nearly all its victims down to death,
and the tobacco habit, which has its under-current
of unseen but deadly influences terminating in the
same way! Thousands take pleasure here, and
pass carelessly on and on, until they are horrified
to find they have reached a point beyond which
they cannot return. Some yield, and make no
effort to get back to freedom, innocency and
safety. Some cry aloud for aide and struggle
bravely. And we hope some may yet come out
and be saved at last as we are sure the few have
been saved out of the many who have gone
through the rapids! Not many escape from this
agent of the devil after they have once fully
yielded to his sway. How I wish all who ever
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A MONSTER EVIL.
199
feel the thrill of philanthropic thought or desire,
could see this thing in all its enormity as I see it.
The proverb is true, “He who goes through the
mill will see more than he who only walks around
it."
I do not wish to make a boast of my past
experience, or parade them with pride. I do sin-
cerely wish I might forget them, and more, that
I had never known them.
The more I contemplate this subject the
more evident it seems to me that the law of kind.
ness and moral suasion is more potent than stat-
ute law. When you try to drive some of these
drunken, debased creatures, they act like some
brutes, very stubborn ; a little coaxing will do
much more in inducing compliance.
I doubt not that the faithful temperance
workers have imagined very bright pictures
in the future as the result of their work, as the
result of legislation they hope to secure in favor
of their movement. They expect to see the
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neglected children of the inebriate comfortably
clothed and bountifully fed while the redeemed
father becomes the good lawabiding citizen, and
the dilapidated old house transformed into a
comfortable and tidy home; our Houses of Cor.
rection, Reform Schools and all classes of
prisons without inmates ; saloons changed to
places of respectable trade of some benefit to
humanity; the small churches in towns and
villages enlarged and the larger ones crowded.
I doubt not these good temperance people have
fondly dreamed of all these much to be desired
things; but are not these pictures quite as
imaginary as those of the famous “ pictured
rocks" of Lake Superior ? I once passed those
wonderful rocks just at sunset, and it was the
grandest sight I ever beheld. Upon those rocks
one can easily imagine he sees a city of strange
magnitude and beauty, with regularly laid out
streets, churches, towers, imposing business -
blocks, etc.; but as one draws near all the city
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A MONSTER EVIL.
201
and its beauty disappear, and only the bare
rocks are left. So it has been with the prohibi-
tion movement, when we have fancied the goal
was almost reached and our purposes attained,
we have looked again and the rugged rocks have
appeared, only the rocks after all.
It seems to me if all the money spent thus
far in trying to secure temperance legislation,
had been placed in the hands of devoted, fearless
women, who would dare to go to the very homes
and into the slums of our cities and
become acquainted with the degraded and fallen,
manifest a personal interest in parents and chil-
dren, and thus reach their hearts and persuade
them to abandon their evil habits, much more
good would have been accomplished-larger
results would have been secured.
As no one is ever forced into the kingdom
of heaven, so I have concluded, no one can be
forced to leave his evil ways. Three years ago,
when we thought we were very sure of carrying
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202
A FIGHT AGAINST
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TA
CT
this State for temperance and prohibition, I
worked hard at the polls all day long. We were
defeated. Since that time my views have
changed materially. I have read so much of the
insufficiency of the law in those states that have
secured prohibitory laws. No one would be
more delighted than the writer to see the saloons
closed and the whole liquor traffic annihilated.
But I fear we have worked too long upon the
old wrecks and not paid enough attention to the
young. Let us begin anew and set out a new
vineyard of nice young vines, and keep them
well trimmed and carefully protected ; they will
yield good fruit by and by! The old partially
decayed vines must die out soon. The truth of
my position was strikingly illustrated recently by
a lady in our city, the talented wife of Balling-
ton Booth, commander of the Salvation Army.
Hundreds had gathered to listened to the lady's
address. She said, " In the slums of New York
City and among the degraded classes there, the
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A MONSTER EVIL.
203
EN
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vile and outcasts, it is useless to try and reach
such people by opening their doors and throwing
in tracts and Bibles. It may be in a very short
time the children will have the covers off the
Bible, and the tracts and all ready for the stove.
The only way these people can be reached is by
kindness and persuasion. One must go among
them learn their habits and ways of living; and
sometimes, if necessary, living right among them,
teaching them to be clean, kind to their children,
and show them the better way until you win
their hearts and induce them to hate evil and
evil ways of living."
This noble lady told us how she and another
lady dressed themselves in the grab of the out-
cast, left their beautiful homes to rent rooms in a
tenement house among the worst and most fallen
of the city. In their disguise they often tried
what impression they could make upon the rich
and stylish ladies upon the streets and in the
street cars. Their attire was not attractive, nor
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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were they made welcome. Sometimes a lady,
in elegant apparel would rise and move to the
most distant part of the car.
Sometimes these two ladies would find as
many as five families in one small tenement
room. In one small room fourteen persons slept,
cooked and ate. One of the inmates of that
room had died, and the body lay in that crowded
place two days before it was removed. Another
was very sick at the time.
After Mrs. Booth and her friend had secured
a room, they would go about among the poor
and neglected and filthy, and try to show them
how much better it is to keep as clean as circum-
stances will allow. They gave lessons in bathing
children. In one locality were ten young
mothers who could procure no work on account
of their little ones. No one wished to have
the babies around.” A nurse was procured to
care for the children while the mothers went out
to work, each coming back in the evening to
claim her own.
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A MONSTER EVIL.
205
Many of those people have been touched by
such kindness, and they were led to place their
faith in God and lead a better life. Thus these
Salvation Army ladies were like ministering mes-
sengers of mercy.
I wish to bear testimony to the fact that I
have been in many cities and towns during the
last two years, and I everywhere find a great and
good work accomplished by the Salvation Army.
It appears that the spirit of Ballington Booth's
father is like the spirit of John Brown, who
started out almost alone to free four millions of
slaves in this nation. His spirit went marching
on until the great work was accomplished. May
it not be that the spirit of William Booth, the
originator of the great Salvation Army, will also
go marching on, until thousands are set free,
who are now in cruel bondage to Satan and to
sin ? Let us fondly hope and fervently pray that
this movement may result in reaching many of
those classes which it seems the churches and
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other christian organizations have thus far failed
to reach, lift up and redeem. There is room in
the world for every good work and every earnest
worker—"The field is the world."
I do not wish to boast,—to God be all the
honor and glory!-yet I do not think there is
one in a thousand that would have the moral
courage to go to business men to whom they
wished to sell an article, and work as openly and
persistently as has the author against another
article these very men were selling at large profit.
I always wear my star badge upon the lapel
of my coat, plainly exposed to the view of the
world. Some have inquired, if this does not, in
certain cases, prevent my selling goods. No
merchant that I ever met, who has spoken to me
upon the subject, has been so prejudiced but I
could convince him in a very few words that I
am battling against a great evil that is annually
destroying large numbers of our children. Every
merchant who has his eyes open, wbo has any
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A MONSTER EVIL.
207
principle, any love for his children will say, “It
is all right, you have taken a step in the right
direction. Success to you."
And now I lay aside my pen and send this
little volume out into the great world, to have
whatever influence it may, for right principles
and right habits. I realize its imperfections;
but it has come from my heart and my greatest
desire is that it may reach the hearts of those
who may feel interest enough in the subject to
peruse it carefully, thoughtfully, prayerfully. I
cast my bread upon the waters, trusting that in
some sweet by and by it shall come again. I
have sown the seed, not knowing what the har-
vest shall be, but I am willing to "wait and see."
I have done my work, and if to any it comes as
a blessing or a warning, or a help in any way, the
author will feel thankful, and rejoice. He be-
lieves in the better, brighter day coming; he
would gladly have a hand in helping to usher it
in. The hope lingers in the heart that some who
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are boys to-day, but who will soon be men, will
find something in this book to stimulate them to
arise and carry forward the work so imperfectly
begun.
"For still the new transcends the old,
In signs and tokens manifold:-
Slaves rise up men; the olive waves,
With roots deep set in battle graves.
That song of love, now low and far,
Ere long shall swell from star to star!
That light, the breaking day, which tips
The golden-spired Apocalypse!"
A. S. L.
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APPENDIX.
is
I thought I was the only one that ever
started out in the world to fight against this great
monster evil. After my little volume is com-
pleted, as I suppose, and ready for binding, there
has come to my notice an article in the Union
Signal, about a brave and courageous one George
Trask. He started in the same fight against this
monster weed the same year I was born, 1848.
When I read it I thought of John the Baptist,
preparing the way for our Saviour.
I hope that God will use me to further on
this great work, and I hope I will live to see
thousands of boys, youths and young men sign
this pledge before they become a slave to this
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monster evil habit. It is easier to prevent one
hundred boys from commencing this habit than to
convert one from it.
I will now give you the work and hard labor
of George Trask, as it appeared in the Union
Signal :
THE AMERICAN ONE MAN ANTI-TOBACCO SOCIETY.
BY META LANDER.
This society, which was born in 1848, was, I
believe, the first for this cause ever known in the
world. Its founder, George Trask, by a slavery
to the weed of more than twenty years, was
brought to the gates of death. Looking to God
for help he broke from its bondage. In his own
words, "Its renunciation lifted a loathsome incu-
bus from my soul. I came back to a normal
condition of body and mind. I ran, I leaped for
joy, and sometimes my gratitude to God for the
return of health was so intense that I was over-
whelmed and wept like a child."
A MONSTER EVIL.
211
ON
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In all the enthusiasm of a fresh convert,
George trask began to labor with his neighbors,
and finally consecrated himself to this work, in
which he continued ever after, undeterred by the
greatest obstacles.
In giving his experience some time after, he
said: "My clerical brethren have treated me in a
style somewhat diverse. Some have heartily bid
me God speed; some—votaries of the weed.--
have eyed me askance, and, I presume, wished
me in Japan. Some have played the captious
critic-laughed at my work as they have laughed
at all reforms while struggling for life.
“Riding out of Brattleboro one Monday
morning with Rev. Dr. Pierpont, 'he asked me,
“What did you do yesterday ?". "I preached to
Baptist friends in the morning on the text,
"Whether ye eat or drink, or whatsoever ye do,
do all to the glory of God," and showed them
they could not glorify Him by using tobacco. I
addressed three Sunday-schools at noon, and
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A FIGHT AGAINST
ht
MAN
showed the boys that tobacco leads to idleness,
poverty, strong drink, vice, ill health, insanity and
death. I preached to the Congregationalists in
West Brattleboro in the afternoon on the text,
“That which is highly esteemed among men is
abomination in the sight of God," showing them
that men highly esteemed tobacco, but God ab-
horred it. I lectured in the evening in the town
hall to a noble body of young men on the destruct-
ive effects of tobacco.”
15.."The poet exclaimed in surprise, "A prodig.
ious worker !" Then musing a moment, added,
"I will give you your epitaph." In a Hudibrastic
sort of verse which I cannot repeat, he said in
substance : “We have great men enough, philos-
ophers enougb, poets enough, geniuses enough,
D. D.'s enough, LL.D.'s enough. The world needs
workers. Here lies one. This is your epitaph.”
I take a few specimens from the journal of
Mr. Trask's warefare on tobacco, which he says
"are the off hand record of the rough and tumble
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A MONSTER EVIL.
213
incident to the early stages of this reform, when
to assault tobacco in the shape of a smoker, chew-
er, spuffer or raiser, was tantamount to assaulting
a bornet's nest, and we were about as likely to be
stung by friend as foe.”
“October 28, 1852.-On my way to the city
I had a free talk with Dr. P., who affirms, “It is
an insidious evil ; it injures the individual more
than the community ; to fight it is like fighting
the miasma,"and winds up by saying, “ Brother,
I wouldn't fight it another day. Take a parish,
be quiet and happy the rest of your life !"
“Right in front of Tremont Temple, a
clerical brother takes me by the button and face-
tiously asks, ‘Brother, have you got all the
tobacco out of the world ? Not all, brother ; to
mend the world is a vast concern. Dr. P. bids
me quit this reform and take a parish.' 'No, no;
go on; agitate, agitate ! It is up-hill work, but
in the strength of the Lord, go on."
"Called on Professor He assures me I
19
214
A FIGHT AGAINST
TI
:
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shall do a world of good if I do not carry
matters too far. 'I chew a little,' he adds ; 'if I
did not, I should be as fat as a pig. The little I
chew does me good. I detest smoking; it
poisons the common air.”
"I passed to the seminary to give a lecture
to the students. The first I met accosted me :
*Mr. Trask, you are too late to benefit me ; I gave
up tobacco three months ago. You smoke, my
young brother; I smell it.' Yes, I must smoke a
little, but I abhor chewing."
"At Greenfield, saw Rev. Mr. Langstroth,
the corypheus in the science of bees. He says,
Bees are wiser than men about tobacco. One
of my hives was insulted, made stupid or drunk
by tobacco smoke ; but when the persecutor
came around again with his pipe, they gave him
to understand that he could not repeat the insult
with impunity. They assailed him on all sides
with a vengeance.'”.
Selections from some of Mr. Trask's cam-
paigns :
.
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23
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A MONSTER EVIL.
215,
.
"Mr. J. C., of Connecticut, in a letter
denounces me and my mission. He bids me
meet him at the judgement day, and answer for
the sin of preaching against tobacco on the
Sabbath. I reply: "Mr. J. C!:-- When you write
again, pay your postage. George Trask.'”.
“January 26. Spirits below zero. Letter
after letter, giving me not a ray of light, not a
farthing of money, not a word of encouragement.
One from a brother clergyman says: “Our Asso-
ciation criticised you and your mission in a
fraternal manner, after you left us the other day.
Many of us thought you ought to be a little more
cautious and courteous, and thereby carry on your
unpopular work in a way less offensive and with
better success. () God ! I cry, have mercy on
an amateur ministry! One-third of this associa-
tion, or more, sit in their chairs, chew, smoke,
criticise and imagine that a man can handle
pitch and not defile his garments.”
" Called at a school in Boston to drop a
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'
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216
A FIGHT AGAINST
word touching pernicious habits. The teacher
assures me it would not be best. "My scholars
are from rich and fashionable families, which
smoke, and it will not do to forbid the boys to
do what their fathers practice.' The Lord have
mercy on genteel families and genteel schools in
this city of notions !".
"May 13.-On my route to Waltham.
Three red cents in my treasury to hire a hall, pay
my board and battle the most popular of all
narcotics. God give me grit and grace.”
"Cambridge, July 20.-Commencement. A
class of eighty-eight were graduated. With rare
exceptions the young men were pale, lank and
lean—the pitiable victims of smoke. This is
Cambridge College 1863. How was it in 1650 ?
* No scholar shall take tobacco, unless permitted
iby the president, with the consent of their
parents or guardians, and on good reasons first
given by a physician, and then in a sober and
private manner.”
S
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A MONSTER EVIL.
217
.
"I met an admirable woman, a clergyman's
wife, who said, "My husband preached an excel-
lent sermon on self denial one Sabbath, and as
he came down from the pulpit, I said, “ Husband,
that is a good sermon. Now go home, drop
tobacco, and put it into practice.' He did."
Luther says, “ The sweetest thing in the world is
the heart of a pious woman." Brother Martin, I
sincerely belive it.
“A deacon in Hadley besought us not to
lecture against raising tobacco, because by
raising it he could give more to foreign missions.
The deacon reminds me of a man in Marlboro,
who said to his neighbor, . Sir, I wish to sell you
my conscience. It is just as good as brand new,
for I never used it.' Tobacco fields and distil.
leries of liquid death belong to the same
category. When, oh when, will Christian pulpits
in that fat valley do their duty ?
"A schoolmaster caught his boys smoking.
How, now ! he shouted to the first lad; how
dare you be smoking tobacco ??
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A FIGHT AGAINST
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• Sir, I am subject to headaches, and smoke
takes off the pains.'
“And you? And you? And you?'
“One had a raging tooth ; another colic, the
third a cough.'
". Now, sirrah !' shouted the master to the
last boy, 'what disorder do you smoke for?'
" Looking up in the master's face, he said in
a whining tone, 'Sir, I smoke for corns.'”
Then follows a characteristic report :
“LADIES AND GENTLEMEN : A few friends
have urged me to call you together to listen to a
statement of the doings of the American Anti-
Tobacco Society, for the ten years of its exist-
ence, and to give you an opportunity to adopt
measures to arrest an evil of great magnitude.
“This society is not rich in names; still we
are happy to present a Board of Officers so united
in purpose, so efficient in action, so reliable and
so vell looking, considering the 'wear and tear'
of this decade of hard service. The president of
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A MONSTER EVIL.
219
*
this society is George Trask ; the vice-president,
secrétary, treasurer and anditor is George Trask.
The honorary body, corporate and incorporate, is
the same unwearied individual--the Anti-Tobacco
Apostle.
“The object of this society is to break up a
death-like, prevalent stupidity in relation to the
evils of tobacco, and by 'light and love create a
public conscience, which we trust in God will
lead to the removal of so great a curse. This
society encounters many obstacles. Among these
is the incorrigibility of the habit it assails. A
man can give up his pastimes, his bottle, his
pastor, and his politics with less ado than his
quid or his pipe. If any devotee of the weed dis-
putes this, let him try it. This cause encounters
scorn and derision. It has been laughed at in
the church and out of it from Maine to Georgia,
from Plymouth Rock to California. We have
needed temples of brass, we have needed faith
in God like Abraham's, to brave this tide of
sarcasm. Thank God, we have had it !
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"The position of many women is unfavor.
able to this cause. They think it in bad taste to
rebuke husbands and sons for indulgence in this
fashionable pleasure. But they do not think it
in bad taste to live day and night in apartments
fumigated with this impurity; they are used to
it. They are like the Irish girl who was advised
not to marry a drunkard. She replied, “I will; I
am used to it; it will seem more like home.'
“We have, during ten years, delivered more
than ten thousand sermons and lectures, adapted
to show the pernicious effects of this poison on
the bodies and souls of men. We have publish-
ed a number of small books and thirty tracts on
the subject. These tracts have never been modi-
fied or mollified by any committee ; hence they
are not perfect ; they retain all the original de.
pravity they had at the hands of their authors ;
I mean the respectable board of gentlemen we
have named who constitute the officers of this
society."
'
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À MONSTER EVIL.
221
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Thus all along the years, this unwearied
reformer preached and prayed and wrote tracts
and small books which he sowed broadcast. But
in the great Boston fire a sore calamity befell him
in the destruction of all his plates. I remember
seeing a letter he wrote on this occasion, in which
he speaks of himself as lying flat on his back,
yet looking up into the sky. And with a heaven-
ly inspired courage he instantly went to work
and had the plates re-cast.
That he was never unwise in his methods,
he was the last man to claim. Fighting single-
handed as he did against a public idol enthroned
in the highest places, it would have been a mira.
cle had he escaped criticism. But with the most
imperturbable good nature, he skillfully parried
the many hard blows he received.
After a quarter of a century's incessant toil,
his health gave way and for months he was a
sick man. Yet his busy hands never ceased
their work, his last tract being an Appeal to the
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A FIGHT AGAINST
Rev. Charles Spurgeon. It was while correcting
the proofs of this tract that the Master summoned
him. So the old hero joyfully passed from the
toils of earth, to the higher, broader services of
the heavenly kingdom.
Blessed be the memory of George Trask,
one of the earliest workers in this great field-THE
ONE MAN ANTI-TOBACCO SOCIETY !
.
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A MONSTER EVIL.
223
ADVERTISEMENT.
1
I hope the time will come when every one
who does not use tobacco will put on the star
badge, for the influence it may have, and to
show the world which side he is on. So many
use the weed, people may take it for granted
that we all use it if they miss these tokens of our
purity. Let boys and men who are opposed to
the extension of this evil, put it on. The
badges are quite ornamental. They are made of
the best German silver, and heavily plated in
silver, and sold at ten cents each ; or plated in
gold at 25 cts. each. Whatever profit may
accure from books and badges the author hopes to
devote to prosecuting the war he has begun
against this vindictive destroyer, this agent of
the devil.
Those who desire books or badges may
address,
| A. S. LIVERMORE,
620 Potter St.
Saginaw, Mich.
(East Side.)
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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
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3 9015 06443 3173
DO NOT REMOVE
OR
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