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Table ºf Statutes Examined.
All statutes up to and including those indicated
below have been examined.
Alabama, Code of 1928
Arizona, Session Laws, 1931
Arkansas, Acts, 1931
California, Statutes and amendments to code, 1931
Colorado, Session Laws, 1931
Connecticut, Public Acts, 1931
Delaware , Laws, 1929
Florida, Laws, 1929
Georgia, Laws, (Extra Session) lºl *
Idaho, Session Laws (Regular and Extraordinary Sessions) lo&l
Illinois, Laws, l931 - *
Indiana, Acts, l931 *
Iowa, Acts, 1931
Kansas, Laws, l931
Kentucky, Acts, l'930
Louisiana, Acts (Regular and Special Sessions), 1930
Maine, Laws, 1931 *
Maryland, Laws, 1931
Massachusetts, Acts, 1930
Michigan, Public Acts, l931
Minnesota, Session Laws, 1931
*ississippi, General Laws, 1930
... Missouri, Laws, l931
Montana, Laws, 1931
Nebraska, Laws (Regular and Extra Sessions) 1931
Nevada, Statutes, 1931
New Hampshire, Public Acts, 1931
New Jersey, Laws, 1931
New Mexico, Laws, l'931
New York, Laws, 1931
North Carolina, Public Laws, 1931
North Dakota, Laws, l03l
Ohio, Laws, l929
Oklahoma, Session Laws, l931
Oregon, General Laws, 1931
Pennsylvania, Laws, 1929
Rhode Island, Acts, 1931
South Carolina, Acts, 1931
South Dakota, Session Laws, l931
Tennessee, Public Acts, 1931
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Texas, General Laws (4th and 5th called sessions), 1930
Utah, Laws, 1931
Vermont, Laws, 1931
Virginia, Acts, 1930
Washington, Laws, 1931
West Virginia, Acts, 1931
Wisconsin, Laws, 1931
Wyoming, Session Laws, 1931
NOTE: The legislatures of Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Massachusetts,
Ohio and Pennsylvania held regular sessions in 1931 but copies
of statutes passed by those sessions were not available at the
time this compilation was undertaken.

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ALA 2A] A
General Acts 1927, Act No. 347, Sec. 44. The State Highway Commis-
sion shall adopt regulations governing the positions for placing
markers, signs, and advertising on the right of Way of all State
controlled highways and no signs or advertising matter shall be
placed on said highways except in accordance with, such regulations.
Sec. 45. The State Board of Admin-
istration is vested with the authority to let contracts for the
placing of markers and the posting of signs and advertising matter
on said highways, and shall fix the compensation to be paid to the
State by all persons contracting with said board for advertising
space on said highways, to be paid in annual, ouarterly or monthly
installments as may be prescribed by said board. If any contract
is made with any person for the purpose of subletting the space by
such contractor, the compensation to be paid the State by such con-
tractor shall not be less than twenty per cent of the gross income
received by him. No contract for posting signs or advertising on
said highways not made by the State Board of Administration shall be
valid and all such contracts heretofore atteliºnted to be made by the
State Eighway Department are hereby expressly declared to be void.
Sec. 46. All proceeds received by
the State from such markers, signs or advertisement contracts shall
be deposited to the credit of the jiaintenance fund of the State High-
way Department and to be drawn out of the Treasury as other highway
funds a re withdrawn therefrom,
Sec. 101. No unautilorized person
shall erect or maintain upon any highway any Werning or direction
sign, marker, signal or light in imitation of any official sign,
marker, signal or light erected under the provisions of this article,
and no person shall erect or maintain upon any highway any traffic or
highway sign or signal bearing thereon any commercial advertising,
provided nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the
erection or maintenance of signs, markers or signals bearing thereon
the name of an organization authorized to erect the same by the State
Highway Commission or local autiorities as defined in this article.
Any person violating this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor
and upon conviction shall be punished as provided in section 103 of
this article.


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- 2 –
ALABAMA (Cont'd.)
Alabama. Code of 1928, Sec. 3475. Whoever paints, prints, pastes,
stencils or otherwise marks upon, or in any manner places upon or
affixes to any buildings, fence, wall or tree, without the consent
of the owner thereof, any word, letter, character, figure, sentence
or device, or any handbill or notice, shall, on conviction, be
punished as provided in the preceding section: * * * *
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ARIZONA.

Taws, 1927, Chape_5, Sec. 60. * * * * no person shall erect or
maintain upon any highway or right of way any sign or signal bear-
ing thereon any commercial advertising.
Bovised Codo, Arizona, 1928, Sec. 4833. Trospasses donouncod as
misdemeanors. Every porson who wilfully commits any trospass by
oithor: * * * * or, putting up, affixing, fastoning, printing, or
painting upon any privato or public proporty, without license from
the ownor, any notico, advortisoment, or designation of, or any namo
for any commodity, Whother for salo or otherwise, or any picturo,
sign, or devico intendod to call attontion thoreto: * * * * shall
be guilty of a misdomeanor.
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Eighway Laws of Arkansas, Act No. 5, Extraordinary Session,
Approved October 10, 1923, Sec. 63. Power is hereby conferred
on the State Highway Commission to make all necessary and rea-
sonable rules and regulations to carry out the provisions of
this act * * * to regulate the placing of appropriate road signs
and danger signals + + +.
Laws, 1925, Act No. 135, Sec. l. It shall be unlawful for any
person, firm or corporation to erect or cause to be erected or
maintained, on or within one hundred yards of the right of Way
of any State highway, any sign or billboard which has printed,
painted, or otinerwise placed thereon, words or figures calculated
to cause the traveling public of this State or tourists from
oti.er States to abandon such Šta je highways and travel any public
road to any town, city or destination in this Stave, unless the
same shall be erected and Inaintained by and with the consent and
approval of the State Highway Commission.
.” Sec. 2. It shall be unlawful for any
person, firm or corporation to erect or cause to be erected on or
within one hundred yards of the right of way of any State Highway
any sign or billboard which has printed, painted, or otherwise
placed thereon, words or figures, which give to the traveling pub-
lic any false or misleading information pertaining to the highways
of this State.
Sec. 3. Any person, firm or corpora-
tion, violating the provisions of this act, shall be deered guilty
of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined in any sum not
less than $25.00 nor more than $100.00.
Sec. 4. The State Highway Commission
shall cause the removal and destruction of, and it is hereby made
the duty of said Commission to remove and destroy, any and all
sign boards now on or within one hundred yards of the right of way
of any State highway, which gives to the traveling public any false
and misleading information porteining to the highways of this State.





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–5–
CALIFORNIA
General Iºws, 1923, Act No. 89, Sec. l. Unlºwful to plc.co. Signs
without permission. It shall be unlawful for cry porson, persons
or corporation to ple.ce, cause to be placed or to maintain, or
cause to be maintained without lºvſful permission on or upon &ny .
proporty, Gither rocºl or porsonal, belonging to the State of
California, or to any city, city and county or county in the Stoto
of Californic, Cry sign, picturo, transpºromcy, w.dvortisement or
mochºnical dovico which is used for the purpose of or which docs
C.dvcrtisc or bring to notico any porson or persons or c.rticlo or
articles of mCrchºndisc or &ny business or profession or cºnything
that is to be or h.3 boon sold, bt.rtorod or givon avity. '
x- - - Sec. 2. Consent of owners of .
property. It shall be unlawful for any person, persons or corpor-
ation to place, cause to be placed, maintain, or cause to be main-
taired ori or upon any property, either real or personal, within the
State of California, in which said person, persons or corporations
have no estate or right of possession, any sign, picture, trans-
parency, advertisement, or mechanical device which is used for the
purpose of, or which does advertise or bring to notice any person
or persons, or article or articles of merchandise or any business
or profession or anything that is to be or has been sold, bartered
or given away, unless such person, persons or corporation obtain
the consent of the owner or owners, lessee or lessees of said prop-
erty, or person prºpersons in lawful possession of said property
bofore such sign, picture, transparency, advertisement or mechani-
cal device is placed on or upon said property.
– Sec. 3. Lawful notices. Road
signs. Nothing herein shall be so construed as to prevent the post-
ing of any notice requirod by lawſ or ordor of any court to be postod,
nor to prevent tho posting or placing of any notice, particularly #
pertaining to the grounds or promise; upon which the same is so
posted or placed, or to prevent the posting or placing of any notice,
sign, or device used exclusively for giving public notice of the §
name, direction or condition of any highway, Street, lane, road or
alley. #
Scc. 4. Nuisance. Any such sign,
picture, transparency, advertisement or mechanical device so placed
on any property, contrary to the provisions of this act, is end
shall be a public nuisance,



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CALIFORNIA (Cont'd.)
General Laws, 1983, Act No. 89, Sec. 5. Penalty. Any person
violating any of the provisions of ti,is act shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor.
General Laws, 1983, Act No. 3267, Sec. 6. No sign, picture,
transparency, advertisement or mechanical advertising device
shall be placed upon or over any State road or highway without
a permit from the departinent of engineering or its appropriate
officers, and, if so placed, shall be a public nuisance and may
be forthwith removed from any such road or highway by the depart-
II.cnt of engineering, its officers or employees, and any person
who shall so place the seme shall be guilty of a misdemeanor pro-
vided, further, that nothing, herein shall be so construed as to
orevent the posting of any notice provided by law or order of any
court to be posted. *
Penal Code, 1923, Sec. 602, ºvery person who willfully commits
any trespass by either: (f) * * * putting up, affixing, fasten-
ing, printing, or painting upon any property belonging to the
State, or to any city, county, town, or village, or dedicated to
the public or upon any property of any person, without license
from the owner, any notice, advertisement, or designation of, or
any name for any commodity, Wrieti.er for sºle or other"tise, or any
picture, sign, or device intended to call attention thereto: * * *
is guilty of a misdemeanor.
NOTE: - The California Legislature passed the following
Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 27, 1929, Chapter 69:
+ WFFFEAS, The scenic valuc of our mountains, hills, streams,
fields and oceans arc one of the greatest assets of our State; and
WHEREAS, This as set is being gradually diminish,ed in value
by the indiscriminate placing of advertising signs, hot dog stands,
gasoline stations and other structures; and #
* WHEREAS, These structures and advertising signs are almost
entirely on private property and it is questionable whether the
Legislature of the State of California may enect laws to regulate
and control. Such structuros and advertising signs; and


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- ? -
CALIFORNIA (Comt 1 d)
WHEREAS, It is necessary that the Legislature of the State
of California have available adequate information so as to enable
its members to consider proper legislation to control such struc-
tures and advertising signs; now, therefore, be it
RESOLVED BY THE ASSEMBLY, THE SENATE CONCURRING, That a com—
mittee of six members, consisting of three members of the Assembly
to be appointed by the speaker of the Assembly, and three members of
the Senate to be appointed by the president of the Senate, for the
purpose of investigating the possibility of regulating and controlling
the location of gasoline stations, hot dog stands, advertising signs,
and other structures of a commercial nature along scenic roads and
highways, in our rural regions, by law, and to prepare and submit to
the next session of the Legislature of the State of California its
findings and make such recommendations as it may deem necessary and
proper for the regulation and control of the location of gasoline
Stations, hot dog stands, advertising signs, and other structures of
a commercial nature.
Statutes and Amendments to the Codes - 1931, p. 8146. Assembly
Concurrent Resolution No. 34. WHEREAS, the matter of roadside
beautification is coming to be a subject of discussion by the United
States Bureau of Public Roads in its relation to the United States
highway system; and .
WHEREAS, Warious women's clubs and other civic organizations
in California are earnestly working for the beautification of areas
immediately adjacent to our State and County highways; and
WHEREAS, The Division of Highways of the Department of Public
Works and the Division of Parks of the Department of Natural Re-
sources have been in the past and now are interesting themselves,
each in its own sphere, in making the highways and by-yſays of
California more attractive, and it is desirable that a State-wide
plan be developed whereby the work of the various groups and agen-
cies concerned may the better be coordinated:
NOW, THEREFORE, be it Resolved by the Assembly, the Senate
concurring, That the Division of Highways and the Division of Parks,
bo, and they hereby are, requested to consider the development of
a coordinated and cooperative plan through which they may supply a
definite leadership in the matter of roadside beautification and
the development of small roadside parking and recreational areas
and tho making accessible of such recroational aroes, and bo it


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- 8 9
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CALIFORNIA (Cont'd.)
further Resolved, That the Division of Highways and tho Division
of Parks be, and they aro, lloreby requosted to formulate a suit-
ablo roadside beautification plan as set forth herein: and that
he Unit od States Bureau of Public Roads, through its regional
offico in San Francisco bo invited to cooporato with thoso State
agoncies and, be it furthor Rosolved, That tho Division of High-
ways of tho Dopartment of Public Works and tho Division of Parks
of tho Dopartment of Natural Resourcos shall mºto a concurront
roport to tho assombly during tho month of January, 1933, showing
What progross has boon rado in carrying out tho provisions of
his rosolution.
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COLORADO
Compiled Laws, 1921, Sec. 7017. Any person who shall paint or
print upon, or in any other manner place upon or affix to any
stone or rock, or to any bridge, tree or upon the ground, any
letter, character or device stating, referring to or advertising,
or intened to state, refer to or advertise the sale or manufac-
ture of any property or article, profession, business, exhibition,
amusement or place of amusement, or other thing, and any person
who shall, directly or indirectly, cause any such act to be done,
or shall aid therein, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and
upon conviction shall for each and every offense be punished by a
fine not less than fifty (50) dollars, nor exceeding three hundred
(300) dollars for each separate offense, or by imprisonment not
to exceed six (6) months, nor less than one (1) month, or by both
such fine and imprisonment.
Session Laws, l921, Chap. 136, Sec. 12. The Highway Advisory
Board shall have the following powers and duties: * * * 8. To * * *
prohibit the use of all guide bcards and road signs not conforming
to such standard, and all billboards and bulletin boards on any
State Highway. +
Session Laws, 1923, Chap. 128, Sec. l. That it shall be unlawful
for any person, co-partnership, association or corporation to erect
or maintain upon or along any public highway of the State outside
the limits of any incorporated town or city, any billboard or any
advertising sign within the distance of three hundred (300) feet
from intersecting corners of such public highways, or upon or along
any sharp curve in any such highway, in such manner as to obstruct
the full view of such curve or intersecting highway by travelers on
the highways. Any person, whether acting in his individual capacity
or as an officer, manager, superintendent, or other agent of any
co-partnership, association or corporation, who shall violate or
cause to be violated, any of the provisions of this act, shall be
doeſmod guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject to a fine of not
less than twenty-five (25) dollars nor more than one hundred (100)
dollars or imprisonment in the county jail not less than ten (10)
days nor more than thirty (30) days or both, such fine and imprison-
ment, in the discretion of the court; provided, that every day such
billboard or advertising sign is maintained as aforc Said, after
notice by the State Highway Engineer or by the Board of County
Commissioners of the county, to remove the same, shall be deemed a
separate offense and shall be punishable as in this Act provided.






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- 10 -
CONNECTICUT
Acts 1921, Chap. 79. Section 6298 of the general statutes is
amended to read as follows: Every person who shall deposit,
throw, affix or maintain any paper or advertisement in any public
highway, or on private premises or property, without the consent
of the owner of said premises or property, unless the same be left
at the door of a residence or place of business; or who shall post,
erect, construct or maintain within the limits of any public high-
way, any advertising sign or any billboard or advertisement for the
purpose of advertising any property or the sale of any property
other than the property of the owner of the premises abutting on
such highway; or who shall affix to or maintain upon any tree, rock
or structure within the limits of a public highway any paper or ad-
vertisement other than notices posted in accordance with the provi-
Sions of the general statutes; or who shall affix to or maintain
upon the property of another without his consent, any word, letter,
character or device intended to advertise the sale of any article,
shall be fined not more than fifty (50) dollars or imprisoned not
more than six (6) months or both. +
Public Acts, 1925, Chap. 103, Sec. l. No person, firm or corpora-
tion shall erect or maintain or cause to be erected or maintained,
within three hundred (300) feet of any trunk line or State aid
highway, any sign which shall have thereon any of the following
words: "Stop," "caution," "danger," "dangerous," "warning," or
"slow," or any other word, character or symbol intended to give
or capable of giving warning or direction to traffic, except with
the approval or under the direction of the highway commissioner,
provided no provision of this act shall be construed to prevent any
officer of any municipality or any public utility company from
erecting or maintaining any danger or warning sign required under
the provisions of the general statutes or any sign designed for the
protection of the public or to aid in the operation of any public
utility. #
Sec. 2. No such direction or danger
sign shall bear the name of any article or product or the name or
address of any person, firm or corporation or any advertisement.
The highway commissioner may enter upon any property and remove any
sign which shall not conform to the provisions of this act. .

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CONNECTICUT (Conti d)
Public Acts, 1925, Chap. 103, Sec. 3. Any person, any member of
any firm or any corporation violating any provision of this act
shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars for the first
offense and not more than five hundred dollars for each subsequent
offense. Approved May 15, 1925.
Public Acts, 1927, Chap. 254, Sec. l. No person, firm or corpora-
tion shall engage or continue in the business of outdoor advertising
for direct profit through rentals or compensation received for the
erection, maintenance or display of painted bulletins, poster panels,
or other outdoor advertising devices, upon real property, until such
person, firm or corporation shall have secured from the superintend-
ent of State police a license to engage in the business of outdoor
advertising. The fee for such license shall be the sum of one hun-
dred (100) dollars per year, payable annually in advance on the first
day of August. -
Public Acts, l.227, Chap. 254, Sec. 2. No person, firm or corpora-
tion, licensed under the provisions of section one of this act,
shall erect or maintain any outdoor advertising structure, device
or display until a permit for the erection of such structure,
device or display shall have been obtained from the superintendent
of State police. Application for such permit shall be in writing,
signed by the applicant or his duly authorized agent, upon blanks
furnished by the superintendent of State police in such form and
requiring such information as said superintendent may prescribe.
Each application shall have attached thereto the written consent
of the owners of the property on which such structure, device or
display is to be erected or maintained. The fee for such permit
shall be as provided in section four of this act, payable upon
the granting of such permit and annually thereafter on the first
day of August. Application shall be made in like manner for per-
mits to maintain all existing outdoor advertising structures, de-
vices or displays, and unless permits are obtained therefor and
the permit fees provided in said section four are paid, the same
shall be removed in accordance with sections nine and ten of this
act.

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- 12 -
CONNECTICUT (Cont'd.)
Public Acts, 1927, Chap. 254, Sec. 3. No person, firm or corpora-
tion, not engaged in the business of outdoor advertising for direct
profit, shall erect, maintain or continue to maintain any outdoor
advertising structure, device or display, other than upon property
within two hundred (200) feet of the place where the goods adver-
tised are manufactured or offered for sale, or where the business
advertised is carried on, until a permit shall have been obtained
therefor from the superintendent of State police and the permit
fees as provided by section four shall have been paid. Applica-
tions for such permits shall be made in the manner provided by
section two of this act.
Sec. 4. The fees for said permits
shall be as follows: For each panel, bulletin or sign containing
three hundred (300) square feet or less of advertising space,
three (3) dollars; for each panel, bulletin or sign containing
more than three hundred (300) and not more than six hundred (600)
square feet of advertising space, six (6) dollars; and for each
panel, bulletin or sign containing more than six hundred (600)
square feet and not more than nine hundred (900) square feet of
advertising space, nine (9) dollars; and no sign shall be erected
which shall contain more than nine hundred (900) square feet of
advertising space. A fee shall be paid for each side of each
panel, bulletin or sign which shall be used for advertising. The
fee for any fractional part of a year shall bear the same propor-
tion to the fee for an entire year that such fractional part shall
bear to the entire year.
Public Laws, 1927, Chap. 254, Sec. 5. Upon receipt of an applica-
tion, as set forth in section two, and the required permit fee,
the superintendent of State police shall cause to be issued a per-
mit for the erection or continued maintenance of the outdoor
advertising structure, device or display named in such application,
which permit shall state the size of such structure, device or dis-
play and the location upon which it is to be erected or maintained,
and shall be in force until the first day of August, next following
the date thereof. Any advertisement displayed upon any such struc-
ture or device shall be exempted from the payment of any other
permit fee during the period covered by such permit.
* * + #x
- 13 -
CONNECTICUT (Conti d)
Public Laws, 1927, Chap. 254, Sec. 6. This act shall not require
any license or permit for any advertising sign containing six (6)
square feet or less, from any town, city or incorporated village,
fire district or incorporated fire company or church or ecclesias—
tical society in this State for any advertisement owned by it and
advertising its industries or attractions and maintained at either
public or private expense.
Sec. 7, as amended by Acts 1929, Chap. 289. Advertisements and
signs shall not be displayed within one hundred (100) feet of any
public park, State forest, playground or cemetery, or within fif–
teen (l.5) feet from the outside line of any highway outside of the
thickly settled or business parts of a city or town, except upon
the walls of a building in which the goods advertised are offered
for sale or the business advertised is conducted, and except signs
erected by the State or town or city which solely indicate highway
directions, traffic regulations and dangerous places. No provision
of this section shall affect any ordinance or regulation established
or which may be established by any municipality.
Public Laws, 1927, Chao. 254, Sec. 8. A license shall not be
granted to a person, firm or corporation having his or its princi-
pal place of business outside of the State, for the display of any
advertisement or the erection of any billboard or other structure
designed and intended for the display of advertising matter until
such person, firm or corporation shall have furnished and filed
with the superintendent of State police a bond to the State, satis-
factory to said superintendent, in such sum as said superintendent
shall determine, conditioned that such license shall fulfill all
requirements of law and the regulations and orders of said Superin—
tendent relating to the display of advertisements, and otherwise
conditioned as said superintendent may determine. Such bond shall
remain in full force and effect as long as any obligations of Such
licensee to the State shall remain unsatisfied.

- 14 -
CONNECTICUT (Cont d)
Hi Public Laws, 1927, Chap. 254, Sec. 9. The superintendent of State
# police may order the removal or change in location of any adver-
# tisement when, in the opinion of said superintendent, such adver-
# tisement obstructs a clear view along any highway, or is within
§ the legal limits of any highway, and said superintendent may order
# the removal of any advertisement displayed contrary to any stat-
| utory provision. If the person, firm or corporation in control
of or owning any advertisement which has been ordered removed or
changed in its location, as provided in this section, shall not
remove such advertisement within thirty (30) days after such
order of removal or change has been sent to such person, firm or
corporation by said superintendent by registered mail, said super-
intendent may cause such advertisement to be removed and the ex-
pense of such removal may be collected from the person, firm or
Corporation owning or controlling the same in an action based on
the provisions of this act, or from the sureties on the bond
which such person, firm or corporation has filed.
Sec. 10. The State highway depart-
ment selectmen of towns or aldermen of cities shall remove or
cause to be removed any advertisement or sign displayed contrary
to the provisions of this act when requested so to do by the super-
intendent of State police. Said State, town or city officials
shall remove all advertisements less than six (6) square feet in
size which are or may be located within the prohibited area defined
in section seven, except such as are permitted under the provisions
Ulf Section eleven. - …
x. Sec. ll. Notwithstanding any statu-
tory provision to the contrary, the superintendent of State police
may, with the consent of the aldermen of a city, the trustees of
an incorporated village, or the selectmen of a town, permit the
erection of advertising signs which are designed to benefit local
residents or industries, within the limits of highways, but not in
any location where such signs will obstruct the view along any
highway. -
Sec. 12. The word "display" as used
in this act and in other laws of the State relating to advertise-
ments and signs, shall mean erecting, maintaining, pasting, paint-
ing and posting any advertisement or sign out-of-doors or





- 15 -
CONNECTICUT (Conti d)
erecting or maintaining any billboard or other structure designed
and intended for the displav of advertising matter where the same
may be seen by the public, or allowing any such advertisement,
billboard or other structure, erected or displayed either before
or after the passage of this act, to remain exposed, in whole or
in part, to public view, and shall include the act itself and the
causing of such act to be done. The obligation to pay license and
permit fees required by law shall apply and be in force for such
time as such advertisement or sign or any part thereof shall re-
main visible and as long as any board or structure or any part
º, thereof erected or built for the purpose of displaying advertising
ºf matter thereon shall remain exposed to public view.
Sec. 13. All advertisements and all
billboards and structures designed for the display of advertising
matter there on shall show the name of the person, firm or corpora-
tion displaying such advertisements or owning or leasing such
billboards and structures.
Sec. 14. Any person who shall erect,
maintain, display or allow to remain in view an advertisement, sign
or billboard or any structure designed for the display of advertis-
ing matter contrary to the provisions of this act shall be fined not
more than one hundred (100) dollars for each sign so displayed.
Public Acts, 1929, Chap. 76, Sec. 5(a) Any person, firm or corpor-
ation who shall affix to a telegraph, telephone, electric light or
power pole, or to a tree, shrub, rock, or other natural object in
any public way or grounds, a playbill, picture, notice, advertise-
ment or other similar thing, or who shall cut, paint or mark such
tree, shrub, rock, or other natural object, except for the purpose
of protecting it or the public and under a written permit from the
town tree warden, the borough tree warden, city forester or state
highway commissioner, as the case may be, or who, without the con-
sent of the tree warden or of the officer writh similar duties, shall
use climbing spurs for the purpose of climbing any ornamental or
shade tree within the limits of any public highway or grounds, shall
be fined not more than fifty dollars for each offense. * * * (c) Any

2~3.
- 16 -
CONNECTICUT (Conti d)
person, firm or corporation who shall deposit or throw any adver-
tisement within the limits of any public way or grounds, or upon
private premises or property, unless the same be left at the door
of the residence or place of business of the occupant of such
# premises or property, or who shall deposit or throw any refuse
paper, camp or picnic refuse, junk or other material within the
limits of any public way or grounds, except at a place designated
for that purpose by the authority having supervision and control
of such public way or grounds, or upon private premises or prop-
erty without permission of the owner there of or who shall affix
to or maintain upon any tree, rock or other natural object within
the limits of a public way or grounds any paper or advertisement
other than notices posted in accordance vrith the provisions of
the general statutes, or who shall affix to or maintain, upon the
property of another without his consent, any word, letter, char-
acter or device intended to advertise the sale of any article,
shall be fined not more than fifty dollars or imprisoned not
more than six months or both for each offense. (d) The removal,
pruning or wilful injury of any shrub or ornamental or shade tree,
or the use of climbing spurs upon any ornamental or shade tree
without the consent of the tree warden or of the officer with
similar duties or the affixing of any playbill, picture, notice,
advertisement or other similar thing concerning the business or
affairs of any person, firm or corporation, to a pole, shrub,
tree, rock or other natural object, within the limits of any pub-
lic way or grounds in violation of the provisions of this section
by an agent or employee of such person, firm or corporation, shall
be deemed to the act of such person, firm or corporation, and
such person, or any member of such firm or any officer of such
corporation, as the case may be, shall be subject to the penalty
herein provided, unless such act be shown to have been done without
his knowledge or consent. (e) Each individual playbill, picture,
notice, advertisement or other similar thing affixed to a pole,
shrub, tree, rock or other natural object, or each shrub or tree
wilfully removed, pruned, injured or defaced, or each individual
advertisement or lot of refuse paper or other material thrown with-
in the limits of any public way or grounds or on private premises,
shall constitute a separate violation of the provisions of this
section. Nothing in this section shall affect the authority of a
tree warden, either by himself or by a person receiving a written
permit from him, to remove, prune or otherwise deal with a shrub
or tree under his jurisdiction.

— l’ –
CONNECTICUT (Contid.)
Public Acts 1931, Chap. 89-a, Sec. 43-a(N). For the purpose of
promoting the health, safety and general welfare of municipalities
and governmental subdivisions for the purpose of conserving the
natural or landscaped and improved soenery and encouraging and
protecting the appropriate uses of land for the purposo of pro-
viding for the public health, comfort, safety and general Welfare,
in living, Working and transportation conditions, including high-
Way development and vehicular transportation; for the purpose
of regulating and restricting unsightly or detrimental develop-
ments, obstructions and constructions tending to depreciate the
value of property and hinder progressive improvements in such mu-
nicipalities and Governmental subdivisions; and for the purpose
of lessening, eliminating and regulating distracting hazards to
safe motor vehicle operation and general traffic upon the high-
Ways, the selectmen of any town, the mayor and council or board
of aldermen of any city and the Warden and burgesses of any
borough are authorized to enact ordinances or by-laws, establish-
ing districts or zones within which no commercial or business
structure or building, including advertising signs, may be erected,
except as provided in section 44-a; provided, in any town, city
or borough having a zoning corrmission, or town or city planning
commission or board, such commission or board shall have the
authority to establish such districts or zones.
- Sec. 44-a(N). License. Any person,
firm or corporation desiring to obtain a license for the erection of
any commercial or business structure or building, including any ad-
vertising sign, within a district or zone established as provided in
section 43—a may make application to the authorized local officials
for a license to erect such a structure, building or sign, or any or
all of them, within such zone. Such local officials shall cause a
hearing to be held on such application not later than two weeks from
the receipt of the same and shall mail written notice, postage pre-
paid, addressed to the applicant and to the commissioner of motor
vehicles, and shall publish such notice in a newspaper having a
circulation in the municipality at least five days before the date
of such hearing. After such hearing, such local officials may take
Such action as they deem advisable, either in granting such license
or in refusing to grant the sarie.

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- 18 -
CONNECTICUT (Contid.
-- Socs 45-aſſ). Appoal. Any porson,
firm or corporation aggrieved by the action of such local officials
in ostablishing any such district or zono or in granting or ro-
fusing to grant any such liconse ray appoal to the superior court
for tho County Within which such town, city or borough is situated
in tho samo mannor as is provided for appoals in civil actions.
Upon any such appeal, said court shall ſhako any such order in re-
lation thoroto as it may doom Gquitablo.
Soc. 46-a(N). Exceptions. Nothing
horein contained shall bo construcd to prevont any ownor of land
from advertising on his land any businos's conductod or any pro-
ducts manufacturod, producod or raisod by him thereon, nor tho
marketing by him from roadsido structures of produce raisod or
goods manufacturod or produced thoroon.

— l9 –
DELAY ARE
Revised Code, lºlā, Sec. 3487. Whoever shall post, paint, burn,
set up, or expose any bill, placard or advertisement, or cause
tile same to be posted, painted, burned, set up or exposed upon
the property or premises of any other person without the consent
of the legal owner or custodian of such property or premises first
obtained for that purpose, shall be deemed ºilty of a misdemeanor,
and upon conviction thereof in the Court of General Sessions shall
be fined in a sum not exceeding two hundred dollars, or by impris–
onment for a ter... not exceeding one year, or ooth at the discretion
of the Court.
The owner of any property or ore:ſises fronting on any public
Street or road shall, for the purposes of t...is section, be deemed
and taken to be the legal owner of the rocks, trees, walls and
fences in front of such property or premises to the middle or center
line of such street or road.
The name or part of the name of any person or persons or
corporation appearing in any such bill, placard, or advertisement,
or the fact that tie goods, wares, merchanise or business of any
person or persons or corporation is advertised by such bill,
placard or advertiscient, shall be Prima facie evidence of its
presence there by the aut...ority or with the knowledge of such per-
son or the officers of such, corporation.
Laws, l027, Chap. 90, Sec. l. Under the provisions of and for the
purposes to be attained by this Act the term "ºuisance" shall be
defined to be any condition of the land, or of the buildings erect-
ed thereon, or of tile trade or business conducted thereon, or of
unsightly articles collected thereon or therein, or of obnoxious
odors arising thereon, therein or therefroin, which shall cause any
annoyance to the persons making use of any public highway, as here-
inafter mentioned, by being offensive or obnixious to the senses of
Such persons. 3.

- 20 -
DELEWARE (cont d)
Laws, 1927, Chap. 90, Sec. 2. It shall be unlawful for any cor-
poration, co-partnership, association, firm, person or persons to
create, erect, maintain or continue a nuisance, as hereinbefore
defined, within two hundred feet of either side of the right of
way of any public highway entering into the City of Wilmington
for a distance of one mile from the corporate limits of said City,
or within the boundaries thereof, upon land of which the said cor-
poration, co-partnership, association, firm, person or persons are
the owner or owners, lessees, agents, tenants or occupants.
Sec. 3. The Council of the "The Mayor and
Council of Wilmington" is he rc by vested and empowered to abate
such nuisance by the enactment of ordinances giving directions for
the cleansing, removal, or remedy of the matter of thing complained
of, and providing penalties for violations of its orders to be
recovered in the Municipal Court of the City of Wilmington. From
the judgment of said Court there shall be an appeal to the Superior
Court in and for New Castle County as provided in like cases before
the said Municipal Court. ºr
Laws of Delaware, 1929, Chap. 10, Sec. 138. (Other than Official
Signs Prohibited.) No unauthorized person shall erect or maintain
upon any highway any warning or direction sign, marker, signal or
light in imitation of any official sign, marker, signal or light
erected under the provisions of this Act, and no person shall
erect or maintain upon any highway any traffic or highway sign or
signal bearing there on any commercial advertising, provided nothing
in this Section shall be construed to prohibit the erection or
maintenance of signs, markers, or signals bearing thereon the name
of an organization authorized to erect the same by the State
Highway Department or any local authority as defined in this Act,

- 23 -
FLORIDA
Revised General Statutes, 1920, Sec. 815. Agents, firms associa-
tions or corporations or other persons engaged in the business of
bill posting in cities and towns of ten thousand inhabitants or
more shall pay a license tax of thirty dollars.
In cities and towns of less than ten thousand inhabitants,
shall pay a license tax of five dollars.
Acts of Extra Session, l025, Chap. 11378, Sec. l. That after
this act takes effect it shall be unlawful for any person, firm
or corporation to erect or cause to be erected, placed or caused
to be placed any sign board, sign, sign post, placard or poster
within the right of way of any public highway in any County of
the State of Florida, having a population of not less than 63,000
and not more than 65,000, according to the 1925 State census.
* Sec. 2. Any person,
firm or corporation violating any of the provisions of this act
shall upon conviction be fined not exceeding $300.00 or impris–
oned not exceeding ninety days, or be punished by both such fine
and imprisonment. -
Laws of Florida, 1929, Chap. 13801, Sec. l. All persons are pro-
hibited from placing, posting or erecting signs upon land or upon
trees upon land adjacent to or adjoining all public highways of
the State of Florida, without the written consent of the owner of
such land, or the written consent of the attorney or agent of such
OWner.
- Sec. 2. Every person convicted
of the violation of the foregoing Section shall be punished as for
a misdemeanor.
Chap. 14491, Sec. 6 (a). ADWERTISING
AGENCIES. -- Advertising agencies painting or having signboards
and billboards in ten counties or less shall pay a license tax of
Seventy-five ($75.00) Dollars; in more than ten counties shall pay
a license tax of Two. Hundred ($200,00) Dollars; provided, further
that county license shall be Ten ($10.00) Dollars.

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– 22 —
GEORGIA
Laws, 1925, No. 368. * * * it shall be unlawful for any person
firm or corporations or any one acting for them, to post any
display signs on the right of way of the Dixie Highway in Bibb
County. * * * Any person, firm or corporation violating the
terms of Section l shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor * * *.
Laws, 1927. * * * the following specific and occupation taxes
shall be levied and collected each year after the passage of
this Act, beginning in 1928. * * * Paragraph 5. * * * upon each
person, firm, or corporation conducting the business of advertis-
ing by signs painted, pasted, or printed on billboards or other
places where space is leased, rented, or sold, in each county
where located, one dollar ($1.00) for each location, and a loca-
tion is defined to be 75 lineal feet or fractional part thereof;
and provided further that before painting or posting such loca-
tions or fractional part thereof, it shall be the duty of the
person or persons so advertising to register with the ordinary
and tax-collector of said county as required by law, and in case
of any increase of advertising said ordinary shall in each in-
stance be notified as to the number of locations. -
Laws, 1927, Sec. 17. Be it further enacted by the General Assembly
of Georgia that the said County Commissioners and ex-officio
Judges of Chatham County are hereby vested with power and authority
to adopt and enforce ordinances, rules, and regulations with refer-.
ence to the location, erection, and maintenance of billboards, ad-
vertising signs, and like devices along and adjacent to the public
roads of said country, and by such ordinances, rules and regula-
tions to prohibit the location, erection and maintenance of such
billboards, advertising signs, and like devices which obstruct or
interefere with the vision of persons using any such roads at the
intersection of such roads or on curves, or in approaching any
bridge or railroad-crossing, pr at any other place; also to pro-
hibit the erection and maintenance of any such billboards or
signs which contain or purport to contain information correct or
incorrect about the said roads or their condition , or the dis-
tance between any given points; also to prohibit the location,
erection and maintenance of any such billboard advertising sign or
like device which contains painted or printed thereon any obscene
or vulgar pictures gr words; also to tear down and remove any such
billboards, advertising signs, and like devices which exist or are
erected in violation of this Act or of any ordinances, rules, or
regulations adopted by said County Commissioners and Ex-officio
Judges; and said County Commissioners and Ex-officio Judges are
hereby empowered to provide a penalty for the violation of any
ordinances, rules and regulation enacted under this section.


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— 23 –
IDAHO
Compiled Statutes, 1919, Sec. 8561. It shall be unlawful for any
person to paint, sketch, or place in any manner or form or by any
means, upon any rock or rocks, or similar natural object or ob-
jects, any place within the State of Idaho, any sign, advertise-
ment or picture or commercial or business name, for business or
commercial purposes. Any person who violates the provisions of
this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor.
Session Laws, l029, Chap. 155. Section 56 of Chapter 260 of the
1927 Session Laws of the State of Idaho is hereby amended to read
as follows:
Sec. 56. (OTHER THAN OFFICIAL SIGNS
PROHIBITED) No * person shall erect or maintain or cause to be
erected or maintained upon or along any highway any warning or
direction sign, marker, signal or light in imitation as regards
either wording or appearance of any official sign, marker, signal
or light erected under the provisions of this act, and no person
* * * other than authorized employees or agents of the Commissioner
of Public Works, shall erect or maintain or cause to be erected or
maintained upon or along or visible from any state highway any " " *
sign intended for the advice or direction of traffic or purporting
to give the distances between towns on the state highway or condi-
tions of travel on alternate routes, and no person shall erect or
maintain or cause to be erected or maintained upon or along any
State highway any sign or marker intended to designate such highway
by other than its official designation: Provided, that nothing in
this section shall be construed to prohibit the erection and mainte-
nance by local authorities of street signs and markers and other
necessary signs under the provisions of this act.

* …,


***
– 24 -
ILLINOIS
Smith-Hurd Illinois Revised Statutes, 1923, Chap. 38, Sec. 466. It
is a public nuisance: * * * 9. To advertise wares or occupation by
painting notices of the same on, or affixing them to fences or other
private property, or on rocks or other natural objects, without the
consent of the owner, or if in the highway or other public place,
without permission of the proper authorities: Provided, that nothing
in this section contained shall be construed to prevent the munici-
pal authorities of any incorporated city, town or village from
declaring what shall be nuisances, and abating the same within their
limits.
Chap. 38, Sec. 467. Who-
ever causes, erects or continues any such nuisance shall, for the
first offense, be fined not exceeding $100, and for a subsequent
offense shall be fined in a like amount, and confined in the county
jail not exceeding three months. Every such nuisance when a convic-
tion therefor is had in a court of record, may, by order of the
court before which the conviction is had, be abated by the sheriff
or other proper officer, at the expense of the defendant, and it
shall be no defense to any proceeding under this section that the
nuisance is erected or continued by virtue or permission of any law
of this state. #
Chap. 12l, Sec. 160. * *
No advertising or other signs shall be placed upon the highway or
upon the railroad right of way within fifty (50) feet of any signs
required by law to be placed at or near grade crossings.
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to
place, or to cause to be placed, any sign at a public highway within
a distance of three hundred (300) feet of any grade crossing, except
signs or signals, required by law or the Public Utilities Commission
for the protection of such crossings. * * * -
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to
place, or to cause to be placed, any sign or billboard on a public
highway within fifty (50) feet of any post or guide-board, erected
in accordance with the provisions of this Act, and it shall be un-
lawful for any person, firm or corporation to place or cause to be
placed any sign or billboard or any advertising of any kind or
description about or upon any Federal aid road or State ald road
within the State other than such as may be directed by the Depart-
ment of Public Works and Buildings. And any person, firm or cor-
poration who shall violate any of the provisions of this Act shall
be liable to a fine of not less than ten dollars ($10.00) nor more
than - one hundred dollars ($100.00) for each offense. * * *


- 25 -
ILLINOIS (Öont d.)
|Laws, 1987, Soc. 16 of "Act in rolation to Stato Highways." Tho
|Department of Public Works and Buildings after taking, ovor roads
or stroots shall orcct and maintain standard guido and Warning
signs and distance boards of uniform dosign, throughout tho State
highway Bystem. No othor signs of any lzind or description, in-
cluding billboards and othor advertising siſms, shall bo placed,
or allowed to bo placed on any portion of tho roads or stroots
comprising said State highway system, either within or without
tho corporate limits of a city, village or town, and the depart-
Inent may remove any other sirms that aro, or may be placed on
the roads or streets of said State highway system, The violation
of any provision of this section is punishable by a fino of not
less than fivo dollars ($5.00) nor more than one hundred dollars
($100.00)


– 26 —
INDIANA
Burns' Annotated Indiana Statutes, Revision of 1914, Sec. 2320.
Whoever paints, prints, pastes, stencils or otherwise marks upon,
or in any manner places upon or affixes to any building, fence,
wall, or tree, Without the consent of the owner thereof, any word,
letter, character, figure, sentence or device, or any handbill or
notice, shall, on conviction, be fined not more than fifty (50)
dollars nor less than five (5) dollars; but this section shall not
apply to the posting of any handbill or notice of any public sale
of property by any sheriff, administrator, executor or guardian,
or to any notice required by any law to be posted.
Supplement l921, Vol. 5,
Sec. 2679F. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corpor-
ation to erect, display or maintain any advertising or other signs
on, along or near to any public highway in this State which resem-
ble the highway crossing signs which steam and interurban railroad
companies are required by law to install and maintain at grade
crossings on public highways.
Note: – Advertising signs are prohibited within rights
of way of roads under State control,

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– 27 —
IOWA
Code, 1927, Chap. 248, Sec. 4844. Billboards and advertising signs
whether on public or private property, which so obstruct the view of
any portion of a public highway or of a railway track as to render
dangerous the use of a public highway are public nuisances and may
be abated, and the person or persons responsible for the erection
and maintenance may be punished, as provided in the chapter on
nuisances.
Sec. 4845. Boards of Supervisors and county
attorneys, within their respective counties, and boards of trustees
within their respective townships, shall enforce the last preceding
section by appropriate civil or criminal proceeding or by both such
proceedings.
Sec. 4846. Billboards and advertising signs
shall not hereafter be placed or erected within the boundary lines
of the public highways.
Sec. 4847. All billboards and advertising
signs now placed or erected within the boundary lines of public
highways shall, without liability in damages, be removable:
l. By the State highway commission or board of supervisors in
case of primary roads. 2. By the board of Supervisors in case
of county roads. 3. By the township trustees in case of township
roads.
Chape 528, Sec. 12396. The following are nui-
sances: * * * 7. Billboards, signboards, and advertising signs,
Whether erected and constructed on public or private property, which
so obstruct and impair the view of any portion or part of a public
street, avenue, highway, boulevard, or alley or of a railroad or
Street railway track as to render dangerous the use thereof.


-- 28 -
IO. A. (Cont'd.)
Code, 1927,_Chap.528, Sec. 12397. Whoever is convicted of erecting,
causing, or continuing a public or common nuisance as provided in
this chapter, or ºt, common law when the sºme has not been modified
or repealed by statute, whore no other punishment therefor is spe-
cially provided, shell be fined not exceeding one thousand dollars,
or be imprisoned in the county jail not exceeding onc year, and the
court, with or without such fine, may order such nuisance abated,
and issue d warrant as hereinafter provided.



- 29 -
KANSAS
Session Laws, 1927, Chapa lö9, Seg. l. That section 19–2612 of
the revised Statutes of 1923 is hereby amended to read as follows:
Sec. 19-2612. Under rules and regulations to be prescribed by
them the board of county commissioners of each county in the State
are authorized to cut all hedge fences within fifty yards of a
railroad grade crossing, abrupt corner in the highway, or entrance
to driveway off of a public highway, and thereafter keep the same
trimmed to a height not to exceed four feet, except where used as
a protection to an orchard, vineyard or feed lot, and to cut all
weeds in the highways and thereafter keep the same cut so that the
same shall not at any time be allowed to grow to a height exceeding
three feet; to remove all signboards, billboards, and board fences
exceeding four feet in height within fifty yards of any such rail-
road grade crossing, abrupt corner in the highway, or entrance to
driveway off of a public highway: Provided, That nothing in this
act shall apply to signs placed by any county or State association
for the purpose of imparting historical information or traveling
directions: Provided, That before any county commissioners shall
commence to perform or cause to be performed any of the things here-
in provided to be done, they shall order the county clerk to mail
One notice to either the owner, tenant, occupant or agent of the
owner requiring him to do the things herein provided within ten
days after the mailing of such notice, and continue to do so from
time to time without any further notice. Should said party fail
to do so within said time, or any time thereafter, then said com-
missioners shall do or cause the same to be done and pay for the
same out of the general revenue fund of the county and direct the
county clerk of the county to enter the same on the tax rolls
against the real estate, together with a penalty of ten per cent
(10%) of such costs and collect as other taxes of the county are
collected, and when so collected to be credited to the general
revenue fund of the county: Provided, however, That the board of
eounty commissioners of any county in this State are hereby
authorized to cause the removal of any hedge along any road in their
respective counties, when in their judgment they, having first made
suitable investigation of conditions, such hodge should be removed.
The county may pay all expenses incident to removing such hedge out
of the State and county road fund when applied to State and county
roads and out of the county and township road fund when applied to
County and township roads.
laws, 1927, Chap. 257. * * * The State highway commission is
authorized to remove any and all billboards or signs located within
the limits of the right of way of State highways which bear adver-
tising of any kind or character.


- 30 -
KENTUCKY
Garroll's Kentucky Statutes, 1922, Sec. 773a. (1) That it
ghºll be unlawful for any person, or persons, firm, corporation
or company to erect on or metr the public roads and highways of
the commonwealth of Kentucky, any sign board or other contriv-
cºnce for the purpose of Edvartisement or for any other purposc,
similar to or like the danger signºls usud by tho railroads,
intorurbans &nd olectric railway companics at roºd crossings,
and all such signs heretofore erected shall be taken down within
six months ofter this act bacomes a lºw. *
(2) That any person, persons, firm, corporation, or company who
shall violate paragraph 1 of this act shell be fined not loss than
five nor more than onc hundrcd dollars for each off onse. -
- Sec. 4224. On each person
engº.ged in posting, distributing or tºcking bills, placards (or
other printed mºtter) for hire, other then those employed by
resident merchſ.nts, county fair associations, owners, lcssocis or
managors of the citers and opcre, houses, or candidatcs for political
office, in advortising their respectivo business, ten dollars
($10.00) licchse.
Note: – Advortising signs arc prohibited on right of way
of roads undcr State control.
*** ø •

– 31 -
LOUIS IANA
Acts, 1924, No. 23. Sec. l. * * * it shall be unlawful for any
unauthorized person, persons, corporation, or their officers or
agents to wilfully post with any character of notice or signboards,
or to wilfully maintain any notices or signboards on the swamp and
tidal overflow lands owned by the State of Louisiana, or the Levee
and School Boards of this State, unless same be held under lease
from such owners thereof.
. - Sec. 2. That it shall be a misdemeanor for
any person, persons, corporations, or their officers or agents, to
wilfully violate the provisions of Section l of this Act, and any
person convicted by a competent court of wilfully violating the
provisions of Section l, shall be imprisoned not less than ten
days, nor more than six months, or be fined not less than Fifty
Dollars, or both fined and imprisoned, within the limitations fixed
above, at the discretion of the Court,
No. 120, Sec. 1. * * * all persons are hereby prohibited
from attaching, by means of nails, tacks, plaster, paint or other-
wise, any sign, advertisement, or emblem of any kind whatever, on
any tree, fence, house, post or cther structure, located on
property belonging to another, without the written permission of
the owner of such property or without the written permission of the
State Highway Commission, as relates to property under the control
or supervision of such Department, or without the written permission
of the Police Jury, or other governing authority, or Department of
the State of Louisiana, with regard to property under the control
or supervision of the Police Jury, or other governing authority, or
Department of the State of Louisiana.
Sec. 2. That whoever shall violate any of the
provisions of Section l of this Act, whether as agents or principal,
either or both, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon
conviction in any competent court, shall be fined in a. sum of not
less than five ($5.00) dollars nor more than one hundred ($100)
dollars, or imprisoned not less than five days nor more than thirty
days, or both fined and imprisoned at the discretion of the court.

- 32 -
LOUISIANA (Cont'd.)
Acts 1928, No. 24.l., Sec. 3. That Section 25 of Act No. 205 of 1924,
as amended by section 3 of Act No. 299 of 1926, Be amonded and Ro-
enactod so as to read as follows:
Soc. 25. That overy individual, firm, associa-
tion or corporation carrying on the business or profossion of * * * *
billposting, tacking or advertising, shall pay a license based upon
the gross annual roceipts from such profession or business, which
licenses shall bo fixod and graded as follows;
(The liconses vary from $5.00 when the gross annual receipts
are loss than $750.00 to $4,000.00 when the gross annual receipts
are $1,000,000 or more.) -

~ 33 -
|MAINE
Rovigod Statutos, 1930, Chape 27, Soc. 115. No advortising signs
shall bo croctod or Inaintained within fivo hundrod feot of cross-
ings of highways or within fivo hundrod foot of whoro ono public
way ontors anothor Within the limits of such ways. Tho stato high-
way commission shall causo any signs so oroctod to bo removed at
tho exponso of tho person orecting or maintaining ºtho sarno, to be
rocovorod in an action on tho case. Such porson shell also bo sub-
joct to fino not oxcooding fifty dollars to bo paid to the Troasurer
of Stato, and crodited to the highway fund. Tho stato highway
commission shall cause tho provisions of Soctions one hundred and
ning and ono hundred and toº of this chapter to be enforcod on all
state and state aid roads,
Rovised Statutos, 1930, Chap. 139, Sec. 18. Advertising on foncos,
rocks, etc.; penalty. Whoever advortises his Viaros or occupation
by painting noticos of tho Sarno on, or affixing thom to fonces or
othor private proporty, or to rocks or other natural objects, With—
out tho consont of tho owner in Writing, or if in the highway or any
other public placo, without the consent of the ITunicipal officers in
| Writing, shall bo punishod for each offense by a find of not loss than
fivo dollars, nor more than twenty dollars.
Soc. 19. Advortising signs on
highways prohibited; signs approvod by stato highway cormission for
safeguarding travol, oxcopted. No person shall post, Croct, display,
or Ilaintain or causo to be posted, erected, displayod or maintained
any sign, bill-board, panol, placard, poster, notice, or other ad-
vertising dovice, in, upon, or above any public highway or Bo Bitu-
oted with rospect to any public highway as to obstruct clear vision
of an intersocting highway or highways or otherwise so situatod as
to prevent the safe use of the public hi-hway; and such public hiſh-
Way shall be deoried the full width of the road as laid out by the
County or the town.
Provided, that the provisions heroof shall not apply to the
state or to any political subdivision thereof or to signs erected
or maintained with tho approval of the state hidinºſay corrission solely
for the purpose of safeguarding, facilitating, or protocting travel
along tho highway; and provided furtlior that tho stato highway cor-
mission may authorize the placing of directional signs of such design
as it shall detormino, not oxcooding thirty inchos in longth and mino
inches in width to designato places of intorest; to bo postod. With-
out expense to the state at the junction of roads in tho toWh Vihoro
the place is located and in adjoining towns.

sº


~ 34 -
MAINE (Cont'd.)
Sec. 20. Penalty for violation
of Sec. 19, jurisdiction of offenses; state highway police to re-
move signs. Any person found guilty of violating the provisions of
the preceding section shall be punished by a fine of not loss than
five dollars nor Ilore than five hundred dollars; and vihoever aftor
conviction of such violation unlawfully maintains any such sign, bill-
board, panel, placard, poster, notice, or other advertising device
for ten days after such conviction may be punished by a further fine
of not more than fifty dollars for each day upon which such sign,
bill-board, panel, placard, poster, notice, or other advertising
device is maintained. Municipal courts and trial justices shall
have jurisdiction to punish offenses under said section. The state highwe
police shall remove all signs, bill-boards, panels, placards, posters,
notices, or other advertising devices existing Within the limits of
the highway in violation hereof.


#.

MARYLAND
Laws, 1922, Chap. 436. Any person or corporation who in any manner
paints, puts or fixos any advertisonent, sign, notico or othor writ-
inſ; or printing othor than notices posted in pursuance of law, on or
to any stone, troo, fonco, Sturmp, pole, building or other structure
which is in or upon the public highway or which is on the property
of anothor, Without first obtaining the writton consont of such
oùnor, shall bo guilty of a risdomoanor and upon conviction shall
bo punishable by fino of not moro than $10.00, which fino shall bo
payable to tho Stato Board of Forestry for the purposos described
in this Act; providod, howevor, that tho Stato Roads Commission shall
havo authority at any time to grant to any porson or corporation tho
right to placo advortisonents along or upon the public highways of
he Stato, said advortisement, howovor, to bo used only in conjunction
With diroction or dangor signals, and subject to such limitations and
rostrictions as the Stato Roads Commission shall impose at tho time
of granting of said pormit or thoroaftor, and said permit in no evont
to bo issued unloss the mood for tho diroction or danger signals to
be erectod in connection therowith is clearly dor onstratod to the
satisfaction of tho State Roads Cormission, and any porson or cor-
poration doing any of the things prohibitod by this Act undor and
by virtue of a permit issuod to him or it by the Stato Road Cormis-
Sion as aforesaid shall bo irruno from prosecution for the commission
of any acts under the terms of this section.
Laws, 1931, Chop. 324. An Act to add twolve (12) now and additional
SOctions to Article 56 of the Codo of Public Goneral Laws of Mary-
land, entitled: "Licenses", undor a now sub-title "Outdoor Advertising",
Said now and additional sections to corno in immediatoly after Goction
273 of said articlo 56 of said Codo and to be dosignated as soctions
274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 231, 282, 283, 284 and 285, said
now sections providing for liconsing of those ongºgod in the business
of outdoor advertising; preseribing foos for such licenses; requir–
inº applicants to secure permits and to pay a foe therefor for erect-
ing or using billboards or othor structures, signſ, or postors for
outdoor advertising, outside of incorporated Tunicipalitios and With-
in cortain distanco of public highways; prohibiting issuance of por-
rits for the erection of structuros injurious to the safety of public
travel; roquiring non-rosident applicants for permits end liconges
to give bond; requiring tho Stato Roºds Corrission to administer this
Act and requiring applicants for permits and licenses to furnish
cºrtain information; providing for the roºoval of billboards or
structures, signs, posters or display advortising orocted in violation

i
i

- 36 -
MARYLAND (Contid.)
of this Act; prescribing penalties for violating this Act, and
Inaking certain exceptions in its application.
Section 1. Be It Enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland,
That twelve (12) new and additional sections be and the same are
hereby added to Article 56 of the Code of Public General Laws of
Maryland, title "Licenses", under tho sub-title "Outdoor Advertising",
to follow Bection 273 of said article 56, and to be designated as
sections 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284 and
285, and to read as follows: r
274. From and after June 1, 1931, no person, firm or corpo-
ration, resident or non-resident of this State, shall engage in the
business generally known as outdoor advertising for profit gained
from rentals or other compensation received for the erection, use or
maintenance of billboards, or any other structures, signs, posters
or display advertising of any kind or nature whatsoever, ſpon real
property, Without a license having first been obtained from the State
Roads Commission of Maryland to engage in such business, for which
the said firm, person or corporation shall pay an annual license
fee for the use of the State of $200.00; provided, however, that
a person, firm, or corporation maintaining not more than fifty bill-
loards, signs, posters, or other structures for display advertising,
shall pay an annual license fee of fifty dollars ($50.00) &nd that
the licenses first issued under this section shall be dated June 1,
1931, and shall expire on the 30th day of April succeeding, and the
charge therefor shall be $183.25, unless the applicant engages in
business in any Inonth subsequent to June 1, 1931, When a ratable Sun
shall be charged. Thereafter, all licenses shall be dated May 1st
and shall expire the following April 30th and the full fee shall
be charged therefor except when the applicant engages in the business
in any other month subsequent to May 1st When such license shall
be issued from such month and a ratable Suri charged therefor.
275. Every application for license required by section 274
of this sub-title shall bo nade on a form to be furnished by the
State Roads Commission and shall state the full mane and post office
address of the applicant, as well as other relevant information
required by said State Roads Commission during the consideration of
any application for a license. I'very person, firm or corporation
obtaining a license in pursuance of section 274 of this sub-title
shall also obtain a permit and pay a fee therefor for the use of the
State for the erection, maintenance or use of each billboard or other
structure, sign, poster or other display advertising used, or to be
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- 37 -
MARYLAND (Contid.)
used as provided in section 277 of this sub-title, provided the pro-
posed location of the said billboard or other structure, sign, poster
or other display advertising be outside the corporate limits of any
incorporated city, town or village and within five hundred (500) feet
of a public highway of the State of Maryland.
276. No person, firm or corporation not engaged in the business
of outdoor advertising for profit, shall, after the first day of
June, 1931, erect, or raintain outside the corporate limits of any
city, town or village and within five hundred (500) feet of a public
highway of the Stato of Maryland, any billboard or othor structure
or signs, posters or display advertising of any kind Whatsoever,
Without a pormit for that purposo from the State Roads Commission
as provided in the following section of this sub-title,
277. Every person, firm or corporation hereafter desiring
to erect or maintain billboards or other structures, signs, posters
or display advortising of any lºind Whatsoever, outside of the corpor-
ate limits of any city, town or villago, and within five hundrod (500)
feet of a public highway of the State of Maryland, shall filo With
the State Roads Commission the following information, data and plats
concerning and explaining the proposed location of any such billboards,
or other structures, signs, posters or other display advertising:
(a) A statement signed by the applicant naming the county,
election district, and the approximate distance from the moarost town,
village or city. Where the billboards or other structures, signs,
posters or other advertising displays are proposed to be placed
and stating whether or not the proposed location is within a district
over which the Legislature has granted to any board or body the
power to create zoning areas and if said proposed location be Within
any such district, the name of such district.
(b) The dimonsions and the area in square foet of advertising
Surface on each of said billboards or other structures, signs, posters
or other display advortising, the height of such advertisement from
the ground, the material used in its construction and the distance
from the nearest public highway. The area of any such advertisement
shall comprise the number of square feet contained within a line
drawn around the outer edge of tho advertising matter and pictorial
design displayed.
(c) A plat which shall satisfy the State Roads Commission
that it shows accurately: - c.
:
º
g
# *
*
*
* -
§
* ,
#










- 38 -
MARYLAND (Contid.)
(l) The proposod location of said billboard or othor struc-
ture, sign, postor or display advertising with reference to tho lo-
cation of any State highway within a radius of five hundrod (500)
foet of such proposed advertiserient.
. (2) The location of the boundaries of any such State highway
or highways.
- (3) The relative location of any intorsection or intorsoctions
at grade of any Such highway or highways with any railroad or stroot
railway.
(d) Any additional plats, information or data doenod mocossary
by the State Roads CorImission to dotormine whothor tho construction
or Grection of said structure or advortisement would injuriously
affect the safety of public travel on Stato highways by dangorously
obstructing the clear view of the highway by one operating a motor
vehiclo theroon.
Upon recoiving from the applicant the information, plats and
data heroinboforo in this soction designated tho State Roads Com-
mission shall issue for the next calendar yoar tho permit appliod
for upon payment by the applicant to the State Roads Commission of
a foe for the use of the State equal to the sum of one-half of ono
cent (1/2 of 1 ct.) for each square foot of tho surfaco usod or to bo
used for such purpose, provided that no such porrhit shall bo issued
by the State Roads Commission, if the maintonanco, construction or
erection of such advertisonent would injuriously affoct the safoty
of public travel on Stato highways by dangorously obstructing the clear
view of the highway by one operating a motor vohicle thoroon, and
provided furthor that nothing heroin containod shall be construod to
confer upon the Stato Roads Cormission the power to issuo any such
permits for the maintenance, construction or orection of any Such
advertisement within any area over Which tho Genoral Assoribly of
Maryland has conferrod zoning powors in any board or body unloss the
application for the porrit providod for in this section shall be
accompanied by a certificate which satisfios tho Stato Roads Commis—
Sion that tho said board or body in whom such zoning powers aro
vested has approvod of the maintomanco, construction or eroction
of said advortisorient as applied for. The miniſium foo for any permit
issued as provided for in this section shall bo ono dollar ($1.00).

- 39 -
MARYLAND (Cont'd.)
278. The name and post office address of the person, firm
or corporation owning any billboard or structure, or other adver-
tisement, or controlling the same for advortisixg purposes, shall
be plainly inscribed thereon. Permits shall be numbered consecu-
tively, and each billboard or other structure used for advertising
purposes, shall show the number and expiration date of the permit,
No permit shall be required in order tº erect, maintain or
use any billboard or other structure on real estate exclusively to
advertise the same for sale or to let; nor to erect, maintain or
use the same on the building or structure or Within one hundred
feet of such building or the entrance thereto, where the business
advertised is carried on, or to advertise oxclusively Maryland his–
toric shrines, institutions and church and county fairs to be held
in Maryland.
279. Before any license or permit or renewal thereof re-
quired by this Act shall be issued to any person, firm or corpo-
ration not a resident of this State, such person, firm or corpo-
ration shall execute and file with the State Roads Commission a
bond to the State of Maryland, with surety to be approved by said
Cormission, in the penalty of $1,000, the condition of which shall
be that the obligor shall pay to the State all sums as shall be-
come due it under this Act and shall corply with all the provisions
thereof or rules adopted pursuant thereto.
280. Nothing in this Act shall affect any existing struc-
ture or advertising display unless such structure or advertising
display would injuriously affect the safety of public travel on the
State highways by dangerously obstructing tho clear view of the
highway by one operating a motor vehicle thereon, excepting that the
permit fee provided for in Section 277 of this Act shall be paid
therefor beginning on June 1, 1931.
28l. The State Roads Commission is hereby charged With the
administration and enforcement of this Act, and in connection there-
With Inay make and enforce regulations and orders to carry out its
purposes, and it is hereby authorized to remove after thirty days'
Written notice given to the person, firm or corporation owning or
controlling the samo, any billboard or other structure, sign, poster
or other advertisemont display erectod or maintained contrary to the
Provisions of this Act.

- 40 –
MARYLAND (Contid.) N
282. The fee for permits issued in pursuance of section 277
of this sub-title is hereby imposed for revenue and the State Roads
Cormission shall account quarterly to the Comptroller for the amount
collected and pay the same forthwith to the State Treasurer. The
cost and expenses incurred in administoring this sub-title shall be
paid out of the receipts from said foe and the balance of said ro-
ceipts shall be credited to the State Roads Commission to be used
for planting and improving the rights of Way along said roads.
283. Any person, firm or corporation orecting, maintaining
or using a billboard or other structuro, poster, sign or other dis-
play advertising, without complying with tho provisions of this Act
shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thoroof shall
bo fined not exceeding five hundred dollars ($500.00).
284. If any clauso, soction or provision of this Act shall
be held unconstitutional or invalid, such dotermination shall not
be held to affoct any other clause, section or provision heroof.
285. All Acts and parts of Acts inconsistont with the pro-
visions of this Act are hereby repoaled.
Sec. 2. AND BE IT FURTHER ENACTED, That this Act shall talce
effect from and after June 1st, 1931. ~.
Approved April 17, 1931.

- 41 -
MASSACHUSETTS
Constitution, Art. L. Advertising on public ways, in public places
and on private property within public view may be regulated and
restricted by law. (This amendment was adopted in 1918)
General Laws, 1921, Chap. 85, Sec. 8. The municipal board or officor
having charge of the laying out of public ways may grant permits
for the placing and maintaining of signs, advertising devices, clocks,
marquees, permanent awnings and other like structures projecting
into or placed on or over public ways in its town, and may fix the
fees therefor, not exceeding one dollar for any one permit, and may
make rules and regulations relating thereto, and prescribe the
penalties for a breach of any such rules and regulations, not exceod-
ing five dollars ($5.00) for each day during which any such structure
is placed or maintained contrary to the rules and regulations so
made, after five days' notice to remove the same has been given by
such board or officer, or by a police officer of the town. All
such structures shall be constructed, and, when attached to a build-
ing, shall be connected therewith, in accordance with the require-
ments of the inspector of buildings, building commissioner or other
board or officer having like authority in the town.
Chap. 93, Sec. 29, as amended by Acts 1984, Chap. 327. The division
of highways of the department of public works, hereinafter called
the division, shall make and may amend or repeal rules and regula-
tions for the proper control and restriction of billboards, signs
and other advertising devices, except as provided in section thirty-
two, on public ways or on private property within public view of any
highway, public park or reservation. Said rules and regulations may
require that said billboards, signs or other devices be licensed in
accordance therewith and with this section, may prescribe license
fees, to be fixed with regard to the cost of administering this
section, and need not be uniform throughout the commonwealth. Before
establishing or amending rules or regulations under this section,
the division shall hold duly advertised public hearings in Boston
and elsewhere within the commonwealth as it deems necessary or ex-
pedient. Cities and towns may further regulate and restrict said
billboards or other devices within their respective limits by
ordinance or by-law not inconsistent with sections twenty-hine to
thirty-three inclusive, or with said rules and regulations.

wº
i. × # i.e.
#
- 42 -
MASSACHUSETTS (Conti d)
Chap. 93, Sec. 30, as amended by Acts 1924, Chap. 334. No person,
firm, association or corporation shall post, erect, display or
maintain on any public Way, or on private property within public
view from any highway, public park or reservation any billboard or
| other advertising device, whether erected before August twenty-fifth,
nineteen hundred and twenty, or not, which advertises or calls atton-
tion to any business, article, substance or any other thing, unless
such billboard or device conforms to the rules and regulations and
ordinances or by-laws established under the preceding section; pro-
vided, that this section shall not apply to signs or other devices
erected and maintained in conformity with law and which advertise
or indicate either the person occupying the premises in question or
the business transacted thereon, or advertise the property itself
or any part thereof as for sale or to let and which contain no other
advertising matter.
Chap. 93, Sec. 30, as amended by Act, 1984, Chap. 490, Sec. 30 A.
Any billboard, sión or other device erected after August twentieth,
nineteen hundred and twenty, without the authorization or permit of
the division in cases where such authorization or permit is required
or maintained after said date in violation of any rule or regulation
of the division shall be deemed a nuisance. Said division shall have
the same power to abate and remove any such nuisance as is given to
the board of health of a to, in under sections one hundred and twenty-
three to one hundred and twenty-five, inclusive, of chapter one hun-
dred and eleven, and the provisions of said sections shall, så far as
applicable, apply in the case of a nuisance as herein defined. The
remedy hereiń provided shall be in addition to any other remedy pro-
vided by law.
Chap. 93, Sec. 31. The supreme judicial and superior courts shall
have jurisdication in equity upon petition of the attorney general,
of any toym or any officer thereof, or of any interested party, to
restrain the erection or maintenance of any billboard, sign or
other device erected or maintained in violation of any rule, regu-
lation, ordinance or by-law established or adopted under section
twenty-nine, and to order the removål or abatement of such bill-
board, sign or device as a nuisance.


*w-
*
- 43 –
MASSÉCHUSETTS (Cont • d.)
Chºp. 93, Sec. 32, as cºnded by Act, 1924, Chep. 85. S-ctions
twenty-nine to thirty-ono, inclusive, ºnd thirty-three shall not
apply to signs or other devices on or in the rolling stock, stations,
subways or structurds of or used by common cºrricrs, except c.dver-
tising Signs or other advertising devices on bridges or viaducts, or
abutments thereof.
Chap. 93, Sec. 33. Whoever violates any rulo, regulation ordinºnco
or by-law established or adopted under section tvorty-ninc shall be
punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars, and whoever
after conviction of such violation unlawfully maintains such a bill-
board, sign or other device for twenty days thereafter shall be
punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars.
Gen. Laws, 1921, Vol. 2, Chap. 266, Sec. 126, whoever paints, or
puts upon, or in any manner affixes to, any fence, structure, pole,
rock or other object which is the property of another, whether with--
in or without the limits of the highway, any words, device, trade
mark, advertisement or notice which is not required by lawſ to be
posted thereon, without first obtaining the Written consent of the
owner, or of the tenant, of such property, shall, upon complaint
of such owner, or of his tenant, or of any municipal or public
officer, be punished by a fine of not more than ten dollars. Any
Word, device, trade mark, advertisement or noticſ, which has been
painted, put up or affixed within the limits of a highway in vio-
lation of this section shall be considered a public nuisance, and
may be forthwith removed or obliterated and abated by any person.


- 44 -
MICHIGAN
Compiled Laws, 1915, Sec. 15371. The People of the State of
Michigan enact, That it shall be unlawful for any person or
persons to willfully tear down, destroy or in any manner deface
any signs, bills or notices on any private lands of this State
or on any lots or premises in any city, town or village, providing
such signs, bills or notices are not in violation of any general
law of the State or municipal ordinance, and providing they are
placed by the owner, lessee, or by their consent.
Acts, 1919, No. 36, Sec. 5. It shall be unlawful to cut,
destroy, injure, deface or break any ornamental, nut bearing,
food producing or shade tree upon any public highway or place,
except where such trees shall interfere with the proper, construc-
tion or maintenance of such highways. It shall be unlawful to
affix to any such tree any picture, announcement, play bill,
notice or advertisement, or to paint or mark such tree, except
for the purpose of protecting it, * * *.
Acts, 1925, No. 92, Sec. 5. Hereafter no sign, marker, or ad-
vertising device of any kind, except signs and guide posts erected
by the proper highway or railroad authorities, shall be erected,
painted or maintained by any person, firm or corporation at , or in
the vicinity of any crossing at grade of any railroad, interurban
or suburban railway within a public street, highway, alley, pri-
vate road, private way or crossing or within a distance of five
hundred feet from the intersection of the right of way lines at
any such crossing.
Public Acts, 1925, No. 108, Sec. 5. No person, firm or corpor-
ation shall erect or cause to be erected on or along any highway
any sign, guide post, marker or advertising device without the
approval of the commissioner or commissioners having jurisdiction
Over such highway; and no sign, marker or advertising device shall
be painted upon, attached to, or made to form a part of any fence,
building, rock or other surface that marks, or is on the line of,
the highway right of way, except to advertise a business conducted
upon the property abutting on the highway at the place where the ’s
advertisement is situated.


- 45 -
* *
* . * ,
MICHIGAN (Cont'd)
Public Acts, 1925. No. 108, Sec. 6. In no cage shall any sign, marker,
or advertising device, except signs and guide posts erected by or with
the approval of the proper highway commissioner or commissioners be
erected, painted or maintained within five hundred feet from any high-
way intersection or railroad or railway crossing, or so as to obstruct
the view of any such intersection or crossing or of a turn or sharp
change of alignment in the highway, or in any manner dangerous to the
public.
*
Public Acts, 1927, No. 318, Sec. 5l. Othor than Official Signs
Prohibited. No unauthorized person shall erect or maintain upon
any highway any warning or direction sign, marker, signal or light
in imitation of any official sign, marker, signal or light erected
under the provisions of this act, and no person shall erect or main-
tain upon any highway any traffic or highway sign or signal bearing
thereon any commercial advertising, provided nothing in this section
shall be construed to prohibit the erection or maintenance of such
signs, markers, or signals when such erections or maintenance is
authorized by the State highway commissioner or any local authority
having jurisdiction over local streets or highways.



- 46 -
#
MINNESOTA
* * *
General Statutos, 1923. Soc. 2615. Sub. 3. Any person who in any
manner places, puts or maintains any advertisement within the limits
of a public highway, or Who in any manner paints, prints, places,
puts or affixes, or causes to be painted, printed, placed or ºf—
fixed any advertisement on or to any stone, tree, fence, stump,
pole, mile-board, mile-stone, danger sign, danger signal, guide
sign, guide post, billboard, building, or other object within the
limits of a public highway shall be guilty of a misdemeanor:
Provided, however, that none of the provisions of this act shall
prohibit the placing of public notices on billboards erected for
that purpose by authority of the governing body of a municipality.
Any advertisement in or upon a public highway in violation of the
provisions of this sub-division may be taken down, removed, or
destroyed by direction or authority of the commissioner of high-
ways in the case of state trunk highways, by the county board in
the case of county and state aid roads and by the town board in the
case of town roads.
*
Session Laws, 1925, Chap. 336. Sec. 15. No porson, firm or
corporation shall place or maintain any advertising sign or other
Similar obstruction upon, over or adjacent to any highway between
any such approach sign and the grade crossing which it marks, nor
shall any person, firm or corporation place or maintain, upon over
or adjacent to any public highway in this state ºny sign or symbol
in any manner resembling the signs provided for in this act.
* sº & º
Session Laºs, 1927, Chap. 412. Sec. 58. No unauthorized person
shall erect or maintain upon any highway any warning or direction
Sičn, marker, signal or light in imitation of any official sign,
marker signal or light erected under the provisions of this Act,
and no person shall erect or maintain upon any highyiáy any sign or
Signal or bearing thereon any commercial advertising.
Session Laws, Approved April 26, 1939, Chºp. 389. An act prohibitiné
billboards in proximity to the State Capitol. Be it enacted by the
Legislature of the State of Minnesota:
*
Section l. Billboards prohibited adjacent to Capitol.-- No
advertising billboards shall be erected or maintained on any lands
adjoining the State capitol grounds, or within the distance one-eighth
of a mile from the center of the capitol building, except it be a
billboard advertising a business conducted on the premises on which it
*S erected or maintained. 2.
Section 2. Any person who shall violate the provisions of this
act shall be guilty of a misdemoanor.


Sº 4? tºº
MISSISSIPPI
Gomoral Laws, 1930, Chap. 88, Soc. 7, Privilogo Taxes. Advortising,
Cormercial Outdoor. Upon each person who is engaged, or engagos in
tho business of Outdoor Advertising by means of signboards, postor
boards, or painted bullûtins, or any othor outdoor art dovico, erected
on grounds, Walls, or roofs of buildings, for each county in which
such business is conducted, as follows, to-Wit:-
In counties of 25,000 inhabitants or more... . . . . . . . . . . $50.00
In counties of loss than 25,000 inhabitants. . . . . . . . . . . 25.00
The ownor of each billboard and/or other advertising device,
shall post his name on the top thoreof for public inspection.
Soc. 181. Privilege Taxos. Siôn
Painters. Upon each sign painter:
For each county. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10.00
State Wide liconse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $100.00


– 48 -
MISSOURI
Revised Statutes, 1919, Secticn 10720. * * * Any person or
persons who shall willfully or knowingly obstruct or damage any
public road * * * by erecting any advertising sign within the
lines established for such road, * * * shall be deemed guilty of
a misdemeanor, * * *.
Laws, 1921, Extra Session, Highway Law, Sec. 17. * * * The
commission is authorized to * * * cause to be removed all other
markings and guide boards and advertising signs, * * * and to
prohibit and regulate the erection of advertising or other signs
on the right of way of the state highways. * * * it shall be the
duty of the commission * * * to authorize the display of such sig–
nals, signs or guide boards advertising, which, in the opinion of
the commission, is not unsightly or does not obstruct the view of
such signals, signs, or boards, in consideration of such signals,
Signs or boards being erected and maintained without cost, of the
State, and the commission is authorized to prohibit the display of
any other advertising matter within a distance of three hundred feet
of Such signals, signs or boards so as not to obstruct the view or
impair the purpose of the same. Any person who erects or maintains
advertising signs, marking or guide boards, or signals on the right
of way of any state highway without the writton permission of the
commission, or any person who willfully damages, removes or obstruct B
the view of sign boards cr signals erected or maintained on the high-
Ways without the written permission of the commission, Bhall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor. *
Sec. 18. Commission
authorized to control privilege of erecting, constructing and main-
taining signs, guide boards and other signals. - The commission is
authorized to let the privilege of erecting, constructing and main-
taining (during the period for which such privilege may be let)
marking signs, guide boards and danger or warning signals with ad-
Vertisements thereon, on and along the stato highway system, at
Such points and places as may be designated by the commission, and
all money received for such privilege shall be paid into the state
treasury to the credit of the state road fund and may be used for
*intenance purposes on the state highway systein.


- 49 –
MISSOUR (Cont'd)
Laws, 1923. Sec. l. Making it unlawful to place advertisements
in or about parks, playgrounds, etc. -- It shall be unlawful
for any officer, agent, servant, or employee of any municipality
or other political Subdivision of this State which now have or
which hereafter may have a population of 500,000 or more inhabi-
tants, to place, cause to be placed or permit to be placed in,
about or on any park, parkway, playground, recreation ground or
other plots of ground or any building or vehicle owned by the said
municipality or subdivision of this State any advertising matter of
any kind or character.
Sec. 2. Violation of act a misdemeanor. -- Any such
officer, agent, servant or employee of any municipality or other
subdivision of this State violating the provisions of this act
shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor.
* 50 -
MONTANA
Session Iºws, 1921. Chap. 142, Sec. 2. (Revised codes 1921
Sec. 1719) That it shall be unlawful for any person or persons,
corporations, or associations to place, or cause to be placed,
any misleading sign or direction board along the highways of
this State, or to place any advertising sign not of value as a
direction board within one hundred fifty (150) feet of the inter-
section of a public highway with a railroad grade crossing without
the written consent of the county commissioners of the county in
which said direction or advertising board or boards is erected or
to use as an advertising sign any sign similar or having the ap-
pearance of any sign or direction board provided for in Section One
of this Act; and provided that this Act shall not effect direction
or advertising boards erected inside of the limits of incorporated
cities, towns or their environs. Provided that county commissioners
have the power to remove any or all signs on county highways at their
discretion.

- Sec. 3. Any person, or persons,
violating any of the provisions of this Act shall be deemed guilty
of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a
fine of not less than Ten Dollars ($10.00) nor more than One Hundred
Dollars ($100.00), or by imprisonment in the county jail not less
than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days, or by both such
fine and imprisonment.
Revised Codes, 1921. Sec. 1148l. Every person Who Wilfully or
maliciously commits any trespass by either -- 6. Putting up,
fastening, printing or painting upon any property belonging to the
State, or to any city, county, town or village, or dedicated to the
public or upon any property of any person without license of the
owner any notice, advertisement or designation thereof, or any
name of any commodity, whether for sale or otherwise, or any
picture, sign or device intended to call attention thereto; ***
is guilty of a misdemeanor.


- 5l —
NEBRASKA
Compiled Statutes, 1922, Chap. 23, Sec. 2756. It is hereby declared
unlawful for any person or persons whether for himself or themselves
or as the agents, servant or employee of any firm, association, cor-
poration or co-partnership to post, paste, paint, tack, fasten, or
otherwise secure to any bridge or culvert in the State of Nebraska,
any bills, billboard, signs, posters, advertisements or banners, of
any matter or description whatsoever, whether of paper, metal, wood,
or any other composition. Provided, that nothing in this act shall
be construed to prohibit road markers designating a particular high-
way, being painted on bridges and culverts (1917, p. 424).
Laws, l023, Chap. 159, Sec. l. State Permits for Advertising Signs.
-- No advertising signs shall be placed along or upon any public
road or highway within three hundred (300) feet of a railroad cross-
ing or within three hundred (300) feet of the intersection of any
two crossroads of the public highway at grade, nor shall any such
signs be placed along or upon any State highway at any other point
without a written permit from the Department of Public Works. Per-
mits to be issued shall be numbered serially and each sign shall
bear upon it the permit number thus: "State Permit No. . Iſ
The Department of Public Works is authorized to remove all adver-
tising signs for which permits have not been duly obtained, and is
authorized to charge a fee for such permits, such fee to be not
less than twenty-five (25 cents) cents, nor to exceed five ($5.00)
dollars for each individual sign. The Department of Public Works may,
without stating any cause, revoke the permit for any sign along a
State highway and remove the same, provided if the sign so removed
shall have been erected less than three (3) months at the time of
such removal, the amount of the permit fee shall be returned to the
owner of the sign. Provided, no permit shall be issued for any sign
of more than ten (10) square feet surface. Provided, further,
printed sale bills shall not be deemed a sign within the meaning of
this section, and provided further, nothing in this act shall apply
to any incorporated city, town, village or municipality.
Sec. 2. Violation Penalty. - Any person,
firm, company ºr corporation violating any of the provisions of this
act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction
thereof shall le fined in any sum not less than Ten ($10.00) dollars
nor more than (ne Hundred ($100.00) dollars.

- 52 -
NEBRASKA (Contid.)
Laws, 1931, Reſºular and Spocial Sessions, Chap. 110, Soc. 52.
No unauthorized person shall erect or maintain upon any highway
any warning or direction sign, marker, signal or light in imitation
of any official sign, Inarkor, signal or light crectod undor the pro-
provisions of this Act, and no porson shall oroct or raintain upon
any highway any traffic or highway sign or signal boaring thereon
any commercial advertising, provided nothing in this soction shall
bo construed to prohibit the eroction or maintenance of signs,
markers or signals bearing thoreon the name of an organization
authorized to erect the same by the department or any local author-
ity as definod in this Act.

- 53 -
NEWADA
Revised Laws, 1919, Vol. 3, Sec. 25- No advertising signs,
signboards, or boards or other materials containing advertising
matter shall be placed upon or over any State highway, nor with-
in twenty feet of the main traveled portion thereof; nor upon
any bridge or structure there on; PROVIDED, that counties,
towns or cities of the State of Nevada may, by permission of the
State highway department, place at such points as may be designated
by the State highway engineer suitable signboards advertising such
counties, towns or municipalities. If any such sign is placed in
violation of this act it is thereby declared a public nuisance and
may be forthWith removed by the department of highways or its
employees. Any person placing any such sign in violation of the
provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and
shall be fined not less than ten dollars or more than fifty dollars.
Statutes, 1925, Chap. 90, Seg. l. Amy billboard, sign, placard,
notice or other form of outdoor advertisement erected, placed,
painted, posted or maintained otherwise than is provided in this act
Shall be deemed a public nuisance and shall be removed, effaced or de-
Ströyed by the Sheriff and other peace officers having authority
Wherever said nuisance may be located.
Sec. 2. It shall be unlawful for any
person, firm or corporation to paste, paint, print or in any manner
Whatsoever place or attach to any building, fence, gate, bridge,
rock, tree, board, structure or anything Whatsoever within the
limits of any improved State highway, nor within twenty feet of the
main traveled way of any unimproved highway; nor on the property of
another within view of any such highway, without such owner's
Written consent, any written, printed, painted or other outdoor
advertisement, bill notice, sign, picture, card or poster, except
Within the limits of any city or town through which said highway
Iſlay run; provided, that nothing herein shall be so construed as to
Prevent the posting or maintaining of any notices required by law
to be posted or maintained or the placing or maintaining of highway
Signs giving directions and distances for the information of the
traveling public when such highway signs are approved by the State
highway department.

- 54 -
NEWADA (Cont'd.)
Statutes, 1925, Chap. 90, Sec. 3. It shall be unlawful for
any person, firm, association or corporation, personally or by
agent, to erect, place or maintain any billboard, sign or any form
of notice or advertising outside the city limits of any city or
town -
(l) On the public domain;
(2) On land owned or leased by such advertiser or agent but
not used as the site for manufacturing the goods or articles ad-
vertised; #
× (3) On the lands of another except where, by painting, an
area of the barns or other outbuildings thereon may be preserved.
For purposes of this provision "area" is defined as the entire wall
or roof aspect on which an advertisement may be painted; without
first having secured from the county clerk of the county in which
said sign may be located a permit to erect, or continue the use of,
said sign, billboard or other form of notice or advertisement; and
no permit for the erection of such sign, billboard or other form
of advertisement shall be issued unless and until the applicant shall
have paid a license fee in the sum of five ($5.00) dollars and on the
tender of said fee it shall be the duty of the county clerk to issue
said license; provided, that no fee shall be required for any bill-
board, sign or advertisement erected or placed by any farm bureau,
chamber of commerce or lawful authority to advertise exclusively any
city, town or geographic area or public event; and provided further,
that this section shall not apply to the owner or occupant of any
land outside the limits of any city, who may place or erect on said
land or on the outbuildings thereon any sign or notice or advertise—
ment intended to benefit the land or improvements thereon and ad-
Vertise the business conducted in said buildings or on said land.
Sec. 3A. In cases wherein bona-fide
advertising contracts have been made for the erection of signs in
any county prior to the approval of this act, the county clerk shall
remit the license fee herein imposed for not to exceed three years on
the filing with the county clerk of the original or certified copies
of such contracts,
- Sec. 4. No permit shall be granted for
the erection of any billboard sign or other form of notice on any
location which may measurably destroy the natural beauty of the
Scenery or obscure a view of the road ahead or of curves and grades
or intersection highways or railways. Should the State highway
engineer file a complaint with the board of county commissioners of any
county that any sign erected is a hazard to traffic, it shall be the
duty of the county commissioners to order the removal of said sign.
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— 55 -
NEWADA (Cont'd.)
Statutes, 1925, Chap. 90, Sec. 5. The permit and license herein-
before provided for shall run to the end of the calendar year for
which it is issued. If the permit shall not be renewed, by applica-
tion of the person or assignee of the person who applied originally
for the permit to erect the sign, by the first day of February of
each year following, it shall be the duty of the county commissioners
to order the tearing down, removal or effacement of such sign or bill-
board, as the case may be. On granting a permit the county clerk
shall assign a permit number which shall be painted or printed, together
with the name of the county in which the permit is issued, on overy
sign, billboard or other form of advertising, as the case may be,
placed under this act. x
Sec. 6. The money collected for the
license as herein provided shall, by the county commissioners, be
apportioned to the road funds for the county.
Sec. 7. All patrolmen and maintenance and
construction employees of the department of highways shall report any
violation of this act to the county commissioners wherein any
violation may occur.
x- Sec. 8. Any person, firm, association or
corporation Who shall erect or maintain any billboard, sign, placard,
poster or other form of advertising in violation of any of the provi-
Sions of this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction
thereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five
dollars ($25.00) nor more than one hundred dollars ($100.00), or by
imprisonment for not less than ten (10) days nor more than thirty (30)
days.
— 56 -
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Acts, l017, Chap. 154, Sec. l. Authority is hereby given the State
highway department to remove all obstructions in State roads, trunk
line roads or State aid roads, but fences and poles used by tele-
phone, * * *.
Acts, 1921, Chap. 157, Sec. l. * * * If any building, structure,
or fence is erected or continued upon or over any highway * * * it
shall be deemed a public nuisance * * * and any person erecting or
continuing any building, structure, or fence, so as to interfere
with, hinder, or obstruct the public travel, shall be fined not
exceeding fifty dollars, and the court may in its discretion, order
such building, structure, or fence to be removed, if it be found
that the same does so obstruct or lessen the full breadth of any
highway or is dangerous to public travel upon said highway.
Acts, l927, Chap. 83. The State highway commissioner may regulate
the use of trunk line highways and the selectmen may regulate the
use of all other public highways, sidewalks and commons in their
respective towns.
Extracts from Public Laws Relating to Highways, Bridges, etc.
Chap. 93, Sec. 28. It shall be unlawful to cut, destroy, injure
or break any public shade or ornamental tree within limits of
public highways; or to affix to any such tree a play bill, picture,
announcement, notice, advertisement or other device or thing,
Whether in writing or otherwise; or to paint or mark such tree,
except for the purpose of protecting it and under a written permit
from the tree warden; * * *. -
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- 57 –
NEW JERSEY
Compiled Statutes, 1709-1910, Vol. II, Sec. 152. Any person Who
shall paint or print upon, or in any manner place upon or affix to
any of the steep rocks called the Palisades, on the Hudson river,
in this State, any Word, letter, character or device, stating
referring to or advertising, or intending to state, refer to or
advertise the sale or manufacture of any property or article,
profession, business, exhibition, amusement, or place of amusement,
or other thing; or Who shall directly or indirectly cause any such
act to be done, or shall aid thorein, shall be guilty of a misde—
IlêallOl'e -
Laws, 1927. Chaps 103. Every board of chosen freeholders * * * may
remove all other signboards, Whether advertising, cautionary or
directory, that shall be erected within the limits of any count
road. -
No traffic posts, traffic lights or any other obstructions
of any kind shall be placed in or upon any part of any public county
road without the approval by resolution of the board of chosen
freeholders,
.x- The board of chosen freeholders shall have the right to remove
any traffic posts, traffic lights or other obstruction. When, by reso-
lution, it shall determine such removal to be advisable on any public
county road. -
Laws, 1931. Chap. 170. A Supplement to an act entitled "An act
concerning business or commorcial advertising on private property
and on public roads, providing for the punishment for violations of
the act and the abatement of muisances resulting therefrom," approved
March twenty-sixth, one thousand nine hundrod and seventeen.
Be it enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State
of New Jersey:
l. Section one of the act entitled "An act concerning business
or commercial advertising on private property and on public roads,
providing for punishment for violations of the act and the abatement
of nuisances resulting therefron," approved March twenty-sixth, one
thousand nine hundred and seventeen, be and the same is hereby amonded
So as to read as follows:

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— 58 -
NEW JERSEY (Cont'd.)
l. Whoever shall paint or place upon, or in any manner affix
to, any fence, structure, pole, rock, tree or other object which is
the property of another, whether within or without the limits of any
public highway or Inaintain thereon any Words, device, trade mark, ad-
vertisement or notice, which is not required by law to be posted
thereon, Without first obtaining the consent in Writing of the
owner or tenant of such property, or of the board or body having
charge or control of such highway if the words, devico, trade mark,
advertisement or notice is placed on a highway, shall upon complaint
of any such owner or tenant, or of any police officer or other
person, be liable to a penalty of twenty-five dollars ($25.00) upon
conviction in any police court or by any recorder of the city, town,
township, borough or other municipality wherein such violation oc-
curred. In case such consent is obtained that fact shall be stated
on the advertisement or notice.
2. It shall be the duty of every subordinate officer or mem—
ber of the Department of State Police to report to the superintendent,
ar to any deputy or assistant superintendent of the State Police, any
violation of the first section of this act so far as it relates to
public highways within the territory patroled by such subordinate
officer or member of said Department of State Police outside of any
incorporated city, town, borough or other municipality having an
organized police force; thereupon, it shall be the duty of the
Superintendent of the Department of State Police, or of any person
designated by him, to notify the person violating said section as
aforesaid to abate the nuisance forthWith, and if such notice is
not promptly complied with, suit shall be commenced for the penalty
herein prescribed in the name and for the use of the State.
3. It shall be the duty of the subordinato officers of the
police force of every city, town, borough or other municipality in
this State, having an organized police force, to report to the Chief
of Police of such city, town, borough or other municipality in which
he is employed every violation of the first section of this act
So far as it relates to public highways within such city, town,
borough or other municipality; thereupon, it shall be the duty of
such chief of police or of any person designated by him, to notify
the person violating said section as aforesaid to abate the nuisance
forthwith, and if such notice is not promptly complied with, suit
shall be commenced for the penalty in the name and for the use of
the city, town, borough or other funicipality.

- 59 -
NEW JERSEY (Contt d.)
4. Any Word, device, trade mark, advertisement or notice
which shall be painted, placed, affixed or maintained within the
limits of any highway of this State in violation of the provisions
of this act, shall be considered and held to be a public nuisance.
5. This act shall not apply to or include any cautionary
signals or signs, or directional signs or notices erected on or
along any highway by the board or body having control thereof, or by
its consent.
6. This act shall take effect irºmediately.
Approved April 21, 1931.
Chap. 209. An act to supplement chapter forty-one of the
laws of nineteen hundred and thirty, being an act entitled "An act
to require and provide for the issuing of licenses and permits to
persons, firms and corporations for the construction, maintenance
and use of billboards and/or other structures for outdoor advertis-
ing, and to regulate the same," approved March twenty-fifth, ninetocn
hundred and thirty.
Be it enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of
New Jersey:
1. All books, accounts, vouchers, reports, correspondence,
blanks, papers, documents and other records whatsoever relating and/or
pertaining to the tax irposed on billboards, pursuant to the act to
Which this act is supplementary, and all acts amendatory thereof and
Supplementary thereto, in the possession or custody of the Commissioner
of Motor Wehicles, shall on demand, be delivered and transferred to
the State Tax Commissioner, when appointed, and thereafter remain in
the State Tax Department, in the charge and custody of the State Tax
Commissioner. -
2. All proceedings and other matters pending before the Com—
missioner of Motor Vehicles, pursuant to the act to which this act is
Supplementary and all acts amendatory thereof and supplementary there-
to, shall continue before and be determined by the State Tax Commis—
Sioner. The State Tax Commissioner is hereby vested with full power
and authority to continue and determine all such proceedings and
other matters, and he shall exercise all the powers and perform all
the duties relating thereto, now exercised, conferred or imposed upon
the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles.
– 60 -
NEW JERSEY (Contid.)
3. The officers and employees in the employ of the Commis-
sioner of Motor Vehicles, on the first day of July, ninetoon hundred
and thirty one, appointed or employed pursuant to the provisions of
the act referred to in the title hereof, shall be retained in their
offices or positions, and shall continue as or ployees of the State
Tax Department, unless removed in accordance with the provisions of
an act entitled "An act regulating the employment, tonure and dis-
charge of certain officers and employees of this State, and of the
various counties and ITunicipalities thereof, and providing for a
civil service cormission, and defining its powers and duties," ap-
proved April tenth, nineteen hundred and oight, and the acts amonda–
tory thereof and sup:lementary thereto. The State Tax Commissioner
may, however, abolish any office or position which it may be foun
unnecessary to rotain. *
4. This act shall take effoct on the first day of July,
nineteen hundred and thirty-one.
Approved April 21, 1931.
Chop. 210. Amending Chap. 41 of the Laws of 1930, being an Act
Gntitled "An act to require and provide for the issuing of licenses
and permits to persons, firms, and corporations for the construction,
Inai:\tenance and use of billboards and/or other structures for outdoor
advertising, and to regulate the same." (Sections 5, 10, ll, 14 and 15
as given below are from the 1930 acts, the remainder being the sections
as changed by Chap. 210 of the 1931 Acts.)
Be it enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of
New Jersey:
l. No person, firm or corporation after the first day of
January next shall engage or continue in the business of outdoor
advertising for profit through rentals or other compensation received
for the erection, use or maintenance of billboards or other structures
lipon real property for the display of advertising matter without a
license for that purpose from the State Tax Corrissioner, and pay-
tient of the sum of one hundred dollars ($100.00) hereby imposed for
*Svenue for the use of the State. Every such license shall remain
in force for the term of one year from and after said day of January,
*nd ray be renewed annually on the same terms. All licenses issued
ºfter said day of January shall expiro on the first day of January
following the date of issue; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that all such licenses
heretofore issued by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall remain
* full force and effect until expiration of the time for which such
*Conses were granted unless sooner rovoked for causo.

- 6l -
NEW JERSEY (Cont'd.)
2. Every application for license required by the first section
of this act shall be made on a form to be furnished by the State Tax
Commissioner, and shall state the full name and post office address
of the applicant, and the name or names of the municipality or runic-
ipalities in Which it is proposed to erect, maintain or use any bill-
board or other structure for outdoor advertising. Other relevant in-
formation required by said commissioner during the consideration of
any application for a license or in any proceeding to revoke the same
shall bo furnished by the applicant. Every person, firm or corpora-
tion obtaining a license in pursuance of the first section of this
act IIust also obtain a permit for the erection, maintenance or use of
each billboard or other structure used or to be used for advertising
purposes as provided in the fourth soction of this act. -
3. No person, firm or corporation not engaged in the business
of outdoor advertising for profit shall after the first day of Janu-
ary noxt erect or maintain any billboard or other structure for the
Outdoor display of advertising matter, except on the premisos where
the business advertised is carried on, without a permit for that
purpose from the State Tax Commissioner, as provided in the fourth
Gection of this act; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that all such permits here-
tofore issued by the Commissioner of Motor Wehicles shall remain in
full force and effect until expiration of the time for which such per-
Lits 7ere issued unless sooner revoked for cause.
4. Every person, firm or corporation desiring to erect or
maintain billboards or other structures, or any billboard or other
structure, for the display of advertising matter shall on or before
he fifteenth day of December next, and between the first and fifteenth
days of December in every year thoreafter, filo with the State Tax
Cormissioner a statement showing the location of each billboard or
other structure used, or to be used by such person, firm or corpora-
tion for advertising purposes, except those on the premises where the
business advertised is carried on, and the area in square feet of
each billboard and/or part of any other structure on which any ad-
Vertisement is or shall be placed, and shall pay to said commissioner
the sun of three cents (3£) for each squaro foot of the surface thereof
*sed, or to be used, for such purpose. Upon receipt of such statement
and payment required, by this section, the State Tax Cormissioner shall,
before the first day of January following, issue a permit to maintain
and use each billboard or other structure mentioned in such statement
for the next calendar year; PROVIDED, the same complies with the
Provisions of this act. Permits may be renewed from time to time for
* tern or terms of one year each upon similar statement and payment,

NEW JERSEY (Contid.)
and may be granted at any time during a calendar year to expire
on the first day of January following, upon filing with said corn-
missioner a statement of the proposed location and area in square
foot of oach billboard and/or part of any other structure used or
to be used for advertising purposes, and payment of such proportion
of three cents (3%) a square foot of each billboard or other struc-
ture to be used as aforesaid as the unexpired portion of the yoar
bears to a full year.
5. The name and post office address of the person, firm or
corporation owning any billboard or other structure, or controlling
the same for advertising purposes, shall be plainly inscribod thercon.
Permits shall be numbered consecutively, and each billboard or other
structure used for advertising purposes shell show the number and
expiration date of the permit. No permit shall be required to Grect,
maintain or use any billboard or othor structure on real estate ex-
clusively to advertise the same for sale or to let; nor to orect,
Ilaintain or use the same on the premises Yihero the business adver-
tised is carried on.
6. No license or perſºit required by this act shall be granted
to any person not residing in this State, or to any firm or corpora-
tion having its principal place of business outside of this State, to
construct, maintain or use any billboard or other structure for ad-
vertising until such person, firm or corporation shall have furnished
and filed. With the State Tax Cormissionor a bond satisfactory to
Said commissioner, running to the State, in the sum of one thousand
dollars ($1,000.00), conditionod to observe, obey and fulfill all re-
quirements of the law of this State rolating thereto, and the rules
and orders of said commissioner regulating the location, construction
and maintenance of billboards or othor structures, and the display of
advertisements theroon.
7. No billboard or other structure for advertising purposes
Shall be erected or maintainod within a distance of five hundred
foot of an intersection of a highway with anothor highway, or with a
failroad or street railway, at a point whero it would obstruct or
intorfore with a view of a train, street car or other vehicle on the
intersecting highway, railroad or street railway; nor shall any such
billboard or other structure be.oroctod or maintainod on any public
highway, part or other public property, unless permission in writing
shall have first boon obtained from tho board or tody having control
thereover and approved by the State Tax Cormissioner.








- 63 -
NEW JERSEY (Contid.)
*
8. No permit to croct or maintain a billboard or other
structure for advertising purposes shall be issued which in the
judgment of the State Tax Cormissioner is or would be injurious to
property in tho vicinity thoreof, or injuriously affect any public
intorest; nor shall any such permit bo issued to eroct or maintain
any such billboard or other structure in a place whore tho same is
or shall be prohibited by any ITunicipal ordinanco.
9. Fees for perſits issued in pursuance of section four of
this act are hereby irposed for revenue and shall be deposited with
the Treasurer of the Stato as collected. The expenses of adminis-
toring this act shall be paid by him on orders of the State Tax
Commissionor out of the fund so created, and tho balance thoreof
shall be divided in the month of January in each yoar, beginning
in January, one thousand nine hundred and thirty-two, among the
Imunicipalities in which billboards or other structuros used for
advertising purposes are located, each municipality to receive the
anount collected by the State Tax CorImissioner for permits to erect
or maintain billboards or other structures used for advertising
purposes theroin, less its proportion of the cost of administering
this act; such proportion to be the same percentage of such cost
as the amount received for permits in each municipality bears to
the entire amount received.
10. The fees for licenses and permits prescribed by this
act shall be in lieu of all other taxes, license fees or excises
for advertising or carrying on the business of advertising by
neans of billboards and/or other structures.
ll. Nothing in this act shall be construed to require a
porºit in any case Yihere a contract was made prior to the first
day of January, one thousand nine hundred and thirty, with any
porson, firm or corporation for the construction, maintenance or
use of any billboard or other structure for outdoor advertising
until the term of such contract shall have oxpired.
12. The Stato Tax Cormissioner is hereby authorized to
employ and discharge clerical or other assistants, and to fix their
Compensation; to make orders and regulations for the enforcement
of this act; to prescribe and enforce penalties for failure to com—
ply herewith; to revoke any license or permit for such failure
and to remove any billboard or other structure orected or maintained
°ontrary to any provision of this act.
* 13. Any person, firm or corporation erecting, raintaining
Or using a billboard or other structure for advertising without
- 64 –
NEW JERSEY (Contid.)
corplying with the provisions of this act shall forfeit and pay the
sum of one hundred dollars ($100.00), to be recovered by action at
1aw by the State Tax Commissioner for the use of tho State, and
overy day that such violation continues shall be treated as a sep-
arate violation of this act.
14. If any section, clause or provision of this act shell be
held to be unconstitutional or invalid, such determination shall not
bo held to affect any other section, clause or provision hereof.
This act shall take effoct on the first day of July, nineteen
Aundred and thirty-one.
Approved April 21, 1931.
Ipſis, 1928. Chap. 281. Sec. 47. No person or persons shall placo,
maintain or display on any promises by him owned, leased or oc-
cupied, any sign, device or other contrivance in imitation of, or
of a nature as to be mistaken for, an official Warning or direction
sign; nor shall any person or persons place, maintain or display,
on any highway, any sign, device, or other contrivanco in imitation
of, or of a nature as to be mistalcon for an official Warning or
direction sign, unloss such sign, device or othor contrivance
conform substantially to the signs, devicos or contrivances
fixed by this act.

— 65 -
NEW MEXICO
Jaws, 1929, and Acts of the Special Session, 1989, Chap. 133, Sec. 2.
No person shall place, erect or maintain any advertising sign, sign-
board or device of any character upon the right of way or right of
way fences of any public highway within this state outside of the
limits of any incorporated city, town, or village.
Sec. 3. No person shall place, erect or maintain any adver-
tising sign, signboard or device upon any land adjacent to a public
highway in this state outside of an incorporated city, town or
village which shall obstruct or impair the view of or by persons
using such highway at corners, curves, angles, or turns of such
highway, Or at intersections of such highway with another highway
or with railroads; nor shall any person erect, place, or maintain
any such advertising sign, signboard, or device upon any land ad-
jacent to a public highway outside of an incorporated municipality
within three hundred feet of any corner or turn of such highway or
intersection of such highway with another highway or within five
hundred feet of any intersection of such highway with a railroad.
Sec. 4. No person shall place, erect or maintain any adver-
tising sign, signboard or device, with the exception of signs, sign-
boards or devices advertising a business carried on on the premises
Where the same are located, upon any land adjacent to or within one
hundred feet of any state highway outside of an incorporated city,
town or village without first obtaining a permit from the State
Highway Commission so to do; such permit shall only issue upon
Written application of the person desiring to place, erect or
maintain such sign, signboard or device which it is desired to
Place, erect or maintain and shall be accompanied by the writton
consent of the owner or possessor of the land upon which the ap-
plicant desires to place, erect or maintain same and by the fee of
five dollars ($5.00) for each sign referred to in such application
to be used to defray the cost of investigation of such application
by the State Highway Commission. No such permit shall be issued
for any such sign, signboard or device which is or is to be erected
in such manner or in such a location as to endanger the public peace,
health, or safety. The State Highway Commission may authorize any
of its employees to investigate such applications and to issue such
bermits under and pursuant to rules to be adopted by such Commission
not contrary to the provisions of this Act. -


– 66 -
NEW MEXICO (Cont'd)
Laws, 1989, and Acts of the Special Session, 1989, Chap. 133, Sec. 8.
All such advertising signs, signboards and devices which are placed,
erected or maintained in violation of the provisions of this act at
a time more than sixty days from and after the date when this act
becomes effective shall be deemed and considered to be public
nuisances and may be summarily removed by any member or employee
of the State Highway Commission.
Sec. 6. All fees received by the State Highway Commission
under the provisions of this act shall be paid into the State
Treasury and covered into the State Road Fund.






~ 67 -
NEW YORK
Cahill's Consolidated Laws, 1923, Chap. 41. Sec. 18l. A person
who places upon or affixes to, or causes or procures to be placed
upon or affixed to, real property not his own, or a rock, tree,
wall, fence, or other structure thereupon, without the consent of
the owner, any words, characters, or device, as a notice of , or
reference to, any article, business, exhibition, profession, matter
or event, is punishable by imprisonment for not more than six months,
or by a fine of not more than two hundred and fifty dollars, or by
both.
The placing or affixing of any words, characters, device,
or notice, of any article, business, or other thing, to or upon
any property or place specified in this section, is presumptive
evidence that the proprietor, vendor, or exhibitor thereof caused
or procured the same to be so placed or affixed.
Sec. 1423, Sub-division ll. A person who willfully or
maliciously displaces, removes, injures or destroys a mile-board,
mile-stone, danger sign or signal, or guide sign or post, or any
inscription thereon, lawfully within a public highway; or who in
any manner paints, prints, places, puts or affixes, or causes to
be painted, printed, placed or affixed, any business or commercial
advertisement on or to any stone, tree, fence, stump, pole, build-
ing or other object, which is the property of another, without first
obtaining the written consent of such owner thereof, or who in any
manner paints, prints, places, puts or affixes, or causes to be
painted, printed, placed or affixed, such an advertisement on or
to any stone, tree, fence, stump, pole, mile-board, mile-stone,
danger-sign, danger-signal, guide-sign, guide-post, billboard,
building or other object within the limits of a public highway is
Tunishable by a fine of not less than five dollars nor more than
twenty-five dollars, or by imprisonment for not more than ten days,
or by both such fine and imprisonment. Any advertisement in or
upon a public highway in violation of the provisions of this sub-
division may be taken down, removed or destroyed by anyone.
#1s of New York. 1928, Chaº. 242, ...Sec. 32. In order to conserve
the natural beauty of the Ajirondack park by preserving and regulating
* for public uses for the resort of the public for recreation, pleas-
**, air, light and enjoyment by keeping it open, clean and in good
°rder for the welfare of society, and to abate the public nuisance

- 68 -
NEW YORK (Contid.)
which has arisen through the unrestricted use of signs and billboards
therein, no porson shall. Grect or maintain within the boundaries
thoroof any advertising sign or billboard, except undor written
porºit from the Conservation Department. Tho provisions of this
soction shall not apply to signs erected or maintained upon proporty
in connoction. With a business conductod theroon: or within the limits
of an incorporated village.
Laws, 1930, Chep. 638, Sec. 141-c. Ordinancos in Towns.
2.l.. Billboards and signs. To regulato and control the erec-
tion, construction and use in, upon and moar stroets and other public
places of, billboards, signs and other advortising media.
Chap. 756, Art, VI, Soce 88.
9. It shall be unlawful for any porson to place or main-
tain or to display upon or in view of any highway any unofficial sign,
signal or dovice which purports to bo or is an imitation of or
resembles an official traffic sign or signal or which attorpts to
rogulate the riovernont of traffic or which hidos from view any official
sign or signal. Any peace officer is horoby CImpowerod to romove
overy such prohibitod sign, signal or device Without notice.

– 69 –
NORTH CAROLINA
Public Laws, 1924, Chap. 109, Sec. l. Any person who in any
manner paints, prints, places, or affixes, or causes to be painted,
printed, placed, or affixed, any business or commercial advertise-
ment on or to any stone, tree, fence, stump, pole automobile,
building, or other object, which is the property of another with-
out first obtaining the written consent of such owner thereof,
or who in any manner paints, prints, places, puts, or affixes, or
causes to be painted, printed, placed, or affixed, such an adver-
tisement on or to any stone, tree, fence, stump, pole, mile-board,
mile-stone, danger-sign, danger-signal, guide-sign, guide-post,
automobile, building or other object within the limits of a public
highway, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not
exceeding fifty dollars ($50) or imprisoned not exceeding thirty
(30) days.
Public Laws, 1927, Chap. 148, Sec. 56. No unauthorized person
shall erect or maintain upon any highway any warning or direction
sign, marker, signal or light in imitation of any official sign,
marker, signal or light erected under the provisions of this act
and no person shall erect or maintain upon any highway any traffic
or highway sign or signal bearing thereon any commercial advertising,
provided nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the
erection or maintenance of signs, markers, or signals beariné thereon
the name of an organization authorized to erect the same by the
Department.
Public Laws, 1929, Chap. 345, Sec. 151. Outdoor Advertisiné-
(a) Every person, firm, or corporation who or which is engaged or
engages in the business of outdoor advertising, by means of sign-
boards, poster boards, or printed bulletins, or any other outdoor.
advertising devices, erected upon grounds, walls, or roofs of
buildings, shall apply for and obtain from the Commissioner of
Revenue a State license for the privilege of engaging in such
business in this State and shall pay for such license the follow-
ing tax for each city, town, or other place in which such Biên-
boards, poster boards, painted bulletins, or other outdoor adver-
tising devices are maintained: -










- 70 -
NORTH CAROLINA (Conti d)
In cities and towns of —-
Less than 5,000 population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10.00
5,000 and less than 10,000 population . . . . . . . . . . $ 20.00
10,000 and less than la,000 population . . . . . . . . . . $ 30.00
15,000 and less than 20,000 population . . . . . . . . . . $ 40.00
20,000 and less than 25,000 population . . . . . . . . . . $ 50.00
25,000 and less than 35,000 population . . . . . . . . . . § 60.00
35,000 population and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $100.00
Outside of incorporated cities and towns . . . . . . . . . $ 10.00
(b) Every person, firm, or corporation shall show in its
application for the State license provided in subsection (a) of
this section the name of each incorporated city or town within
which or adjacent to which it is thaintaining or proposes to main-
tain signboards, poster boards, painted bulletins, or other outdoor
advertising devices within the State of North Carolina.
(c) Every person, firm, or corporation owning or maintaining
signboards, poster boards, painted bulletins, or other outdoor adver-
tising devices within this S*atº sº.g., ". ...eve irgi'inted on the same
the name of such person, firin, or corporation, in sufficient size to
be plainly legible and permanently affixed thereto.
(d) A license shall not be granted any person, firm, or cor-
poration …aving his or its principal place of business outside of the
State, for the display of any advertising or t.e erection of any bill-
board or other structure designed or inten:led for the displaying of
advertising matter until such person, firm, or corporation shall have
furnished and filed with the Commission of Revenue a surety bond to
the State, satisfactory to the Commissioner of Revenue, in such sum,
not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000), as said Commissioner
of k evenue may designate, conditioned that such licensee shall ful-
fill all requirements of law and the regulations and orders of said
Commissioner of Revenue relative to the display of advertisements.
Such sure #y bond shall remain in full force and effect as long as &
any obligations of such licensee to the State shall remain unsatisfied.
(e) Any person, firm, or corporation Wiio or which shall fail,
refuse, or neglect to comply with all the terms and provisions of
this section and pay the tax, within sixty (60) days after notice of
Such failure, the Commissioner of Revenue or his duly authorized
deputy or deputies shall have the power and authority to seize and
remove or order removed, the structures erected by such delinquent
Person, firm, or corporation, sell the gºne at public auction and
*pply the proceeds from such sale to the payment of taxes and penal-
ties due end unpaid.
— 71 -
*
NORTH CAROLINA (Cont'd)
(f) The State Highway Commission, or any of its agent B or
employees, the board of county commissioners, and the board of
aldermen or other governing body of cities or towns, shall remove
or cause to be removed any advertisement, or sign, displayed con-
trary to law or the provisions of this section when requested so
to do by the Commissioner of Revenue or any of the deputies of
such Commissioner of Revenue.
(g) Every person, firm, or corporation who or which shall
erect, maintain, display, or allow to remain in view any advertise-
ment, sign, billboard, painted bulletin, or any structure designed
for the display of advertising matter contrary to the provisions
of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and in addition
to the license tax and penalties provided for in this section shall
be fined not less than one hundred dollars ($100.00) for each sign
so displayed or imprisoned in the discretion of the court.
(h) Counties shall not levy a license tax on the business
taxed under this Section, but cities and towns may levy a license
tax not in 6xcess of one-half of that levied by the State.

– 72 º
NORTH DAKOTA
Session LaVs., 1925. Chap. lººd. Sec. l. Any person who in any
manner places, puts or maintains any sign, billboard ors advertise-
ment within the limits of a public highway, or who in any manner
pºint", prints, places, puts or affixes, or causes to be painted,
printed, placed or affixed, any advertisement on or to any stone,
tree, fence, G tump, pole, nilº-board, mile-stone, danger-sign,
danger-signal, guide-post, billbºard, building (or other object
within the limits of a public highway) or places, puts or maintains
any sign or billboard upon private property within one thousand feet
of any grade highway crossing, in such place or manner as to obstruct
or interfere with a free and clear view of such crossing from any
highway or railroad intersecting thereat, shall be guilty of a mis-
demeanor.
Provided, however, that none of the provisions of this act
shall prohibit the placing of public notices on billboards erected
for that purpose by authority of the governing body cf a munici-
pality. Any advertisement in or upon a public highway or private
property in violation of the provisions of this act may be taken
down, removed, or destroyed by direction or authority of tile State
Highway Commission in the case of State trunk and Federal aid high-
Ways, by the county board in the cace of courity roads and by the
township ooard in the case of township roads.
es
lºſs, 1925. Chap. 18l. Sec. 12. No person, firm or corporation
shall place or maintain any advertising sign or other similer ob-
Struction upon, over or adjacent to any highway between any such
approach sign and the grade crossing which it marks, nor shall any
person, firm or corporation place or maintain, upon, over or ad-
jacent to any public highway in this state any sign or symbol in
any manner resembling the signs provided in this act.
Session Laws, 1927. Chap. 162. Sec. 59. No unauthorized person
shall erect or maintain upon any highway any worning or direction
sign, marker, signal or light in imitation cf any official sign,
marker, signal or light erected under the provision s of this act,
*rd no person shal'. erect or maintain upon any highway any traffic
or highway sign or signal bearing thereon any commercial. advertising,
provided nothing in this section shall be construed tº prohibit the
*rection or maintenance of signs, markers, or signals bearing thereon
ſhe name of an organization authorized to erect the same by the State
Highway Commission or any local authority as defined in this act.

* 73 *
OHIO
General Code, 1931. Vol. 3. Sec. 12492. Whoever paints, prints,
pastes, stencils or otherwise herks, places upon or affixes to a
building, fence, Wall or tree without the consent of the owner
thereof, a word, letter, character, figure, sentence or device,
or a handbill or notice, shall be fined not less than ten dollars
nor more than fifty doll:rs. This section does not apply to the
posting of a hendbill or notice of public sale by a sheriff, ad-
ministrator, executor or licensed auctioneer, or a notice required
by law to be posted. -
Road Laws, Supolerient 1925. Sec. 7204-la. It shall be unlawful
for any person, partnership or corporation to hereafter erect
within the bounds of any highway or on the bridges or culverts
thereon, any obstruction vºlat ever, without first obtaining the
consent and a proval of the director of highways and public works
in case of inter-county righways and main market roads and the
bridges and culverts tºlereon, and the consent and approval of
the county commissioners in case of luighways other than inter-
county highways and main market roads ant; th: 3 bridges and culverts
thereon.
For the purposes of this act all advertising or other signs
and posters erected, displayed or maintained on any public highway,
or along or near the same and in such a location 25 to obstruct at
curves or intersecting roads the view of drivers using Such highway,
shall be deemed obstructions, but this section shall hºve no appli-
cation to crossing signs erected in compliance with Section 8852 of
the General Code of Ohio, at the crossings of highways and railroads.
It shall be the duty of the director of highways and public
Works and the county commissioners to enforce the provisions of
this sect5 on and in so doing, said officials may avail themselves
of all the provisions of section 7204 of the General Code.

- 74 –
OKLAHOMA
Compiled Statutes, 1921. Tol. II. Sec. 10.125. Obstructions -
removal – notice. County and township hoerds, c.ºrged with the
duty of improving public highways, shall have power to remove tº
all obstructions in the highways undor their jurisdiction. * * *.

ºr 75 r
OREGON
Laws, l020, Vol. I, Sec. 2212-l. It shall be unlawful for any
person, firm or corporation to paste, paint brand or in any manner
whatsoever place or attach to any building, fence, gate, bridge,
tree, rock, board structure, or anything whatever, within the
limits of any state highway or on the property of another within
view of such highway without such owner's written consent, any
written, printed, painted or other advertisement, bill, notice,
sign, picture, card or poster, except within the limits of any
city, town or village through which said highway may run. Pro-
vided, that nothing herein shall be so construed as to prevent
the posting or maintaining of any notice required by law to be
posted or maintained, or the placing and maintaining thereon
highway Signs giving directions or distances for the information
of the traveling public, when such highway signs are approved by
the state highway commission.
Sec. 2312–2. Any person, firm or corporation
violating any of the provisions of this act shall be punished by a
fine of not less than $5 nor more than $50, or by imprisonment for
not less than five days nor more than twenty days.
General Laws, Approved February 13, 1929, Chap. 89. Regulating
Signs along public highways and providing a penalty. Be It Enacted
by the People of the State of Oregon:
Section. l. That it shall be unlawful for any person, firm or
Corporation, copartnership or association to use, erect or maintain
on or along any public highway, or in close proximity thereto, for
the purpose of advertising, announcing or directing attention to any
business, place of business, commercial or other activity, the words
"Stop," "Go Slow, " "Caution," "Danger," "Warning," or any other words,
sign, symbol, character, thing or device commonly known as or under-
stood to be a caution, signal, warning or direction to traffic on the
public highways; provided, however, that the provisions of this act
shall not apply to traffic or police officers, nor to persons having
control of or supervision over public highways or charged with the
duty or vested with authority to construct, repair or maintain public
highways, or upon whom there is imposed a duty to the traveling public.
Section 2. Any one violating any of the provisions of this act
shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine not in excess of
One hundred dollars ($100), or by imprisonment in the county jail for a
period not in excess of ninety (90) days, or by both such fine and im—
brisonment.

- 76 -
OREGON (Cont'd.)
General Laws, Approved February 13, 1929. Chaps 89. Regulating
signs along public highways and providing a penalty. Be It Enacted
by the People of the State of Oregon:
Sec. 3. The state highway commission or its duly author-
ized employee, with respect to state highways, and the county
court or board of county commissioners, as the case may be, of
any county, with respect to county highways, hereby is authorized
to remove any sign, symbol, character, thing or device hereby pro-
hibited under the provisions of this act: Provided, however, that
before removing or destroying any such sign, symbol, character,
thing or device, the maintenance of which is made unlawful by the
provisions of this act, thirty (30) days' notice shall be given
to the owner of the land upon which such symbol, sign, character,
thing or device is placed and maintained, if the name and address
of the owner can be ascertained, and, likewise, such notice shall
le given to the owner of the sign, symbol, character, thing or
device, if the name and address of such owner can be ascertained,
notifying such person or persons to remove the same, and, failing
so to do, the county court or the state highway commission, as
the case may be, may take down and remove the same Without liabil-
ity to the landowner or the owner of the sign, symbol, character,
thing, or device. #
Laws, 1931, Senate Joint Resolution No. 16. Whereas the joint
roads and highways committee of the senate and house of represen-
tatives have under consideration certain proposed legislation with
reference to roadside business and advertising along the highWays
of the state, and particularly senate bill No. 4, introduced by
Senator Johnson and Representative Hamilton; and
Whereas the subject-matter of this legislation is" of great
importance to the people of the state interested therein, and at
the same time it involves existing business interests; and
Whereas the time of the committee and the legislative assembly
is consumed to such an extent that it would be impracticable if not
impossible to formulate legislation on said subject at the present
Session; and +
Whereas the chamber of commerce of the United States invited
30 or more organizations of nation-wide activities to a conference
at Washington, D. C., which was held on Jamuary 8, 1931, and ap-
pointed a committee to investigate the Subject of roadside business
and rural beauty, which committee will hold meetings periodically

- 7 -
OREGON (Contid.)
during tho next year and Will report on legislation of a uniform
nature for the soveral statos before tho next biennial sossion
of this legislature, and it would seem Inost advisablo to cooperate
With the Work of the soveral organizations above mentionod; now,
thereforo,
Be It Rosólvod by tho Sonate of the State of Oregon, tho Houso
of Reprosontativos jointly concurring:
That thore bo appointed throo nombers of tho house of repre-
sentativos by tho speaker and two members of tho sonate by tho pros-
idont as an interim committee to consider the subject—Thattor of
roadside business and rural beauty Whose duty it shall bo to re-
commond logislation suitable to be enacted at the next legislature
of the stato of Orogon, Imeeting on the second Monday in January, 1933.
(Filed in the offico of the secretary of state March 2, 1931.)

– 78 -
PENNSYLVANIA
Statutes 1920, Sec. 7967. No person shall paste, paint, brand or
stamp, or in any manner whatsoever place upon or attach to any
building, fence, bridge, gate, outbuilding or other object, upon
the grounds of any charitable, educational or penal institutions
of the State of Pennsylvania, or to any county, township, borough
or city therein, any written, printed, painted, or other adver-
tisement, bill, notice, sign or poster; Provided, That nothing
herein shall be so construed as to prevent the posting of any
notice required by law or order of court to be posted, nor to
prevent the posting or placing of any notice particularly con-
cerning or pertaining to the grounds or premises upon which the
same is so posted or placed.
Sec. 7968. No person shall paste, paint, brand,
stamp, or in any manner whatsoever place upon, or attach to, any
building, fence, bridge, gate, outbuilding, or property of another,
whether within or without the limits of a highway, any written
printed, painted, or other advertisement, bill, notice, sign, card,
or poster, without first having obtained the written consent of the
owner, or tenant lawfully in possession or occupancy thereof: Pro-
vided, That nothing herein shall be so construed as to prevent the
posting of any notice required by law or order of court to be posted.
Sec. 7969. Every person violating the provisions
of this act shall be liable to a penalty of not less than five dollars
nor more than twenty dollars to be recovered before any magistrate
or justice of the peace, as fines and penalties are by law recover-
able; and such written, printed, painted, or other advertisement,
bill, notice, sign, card, or poster is hereby declared to be a
public nuisance, and may be removed and abated as such,
Statutes 1920, Sec. 7970. Any person found guilty of willfully
and maliciously mutilating, destroying, tearing down, or removing
any show bill, placard, programme, poster or other advertisement,
posted upon any rail, fence, billboard or other structure, in or
located upon any public highway, in this commonwealth, shall be
deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined
not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars:
Provided, The penalties of this act shall not apply to those tear-
ing down or removing show bills, play bills, posters, programmes,
after the performance therein advertised, or to the owner or tenant
of any building, fence or other structure, when the same has been
posted or put up without his or her consent, except such owner or
tenant be the bill poster putting up or employed to put up the same.
- 79 -
PENNSYLVANIA (Cont'd)
Penn. Laws, 1921, No. 92. (Pa. Stats. -- Supplement l924 --
Sec. 19617 A-1,2,3). * * * Whereas, The State Highway Department
of the Commonwealth has adopted a standard sign or index board for
the guidance of the traveling public using State highways and is
about to begin the erection of the same upon said highways.
Sec. l. Be it enacted, etc., That on and after the passage
of this act, it shall be unlawful for any person to erect, on or
along or nearby any highway of this Commonwealth, any sign or
index board which shall be a copy or imitation of said sign or
index board in respect to shape, color, or general appearance.
Session Laws, 1923, No. 313. Authorizing the State Highway Depart-
ment, the Public Service Commission, counties, cities, boroughs, and
townships to purchase, or condemn by the right of eminent domain,
free and unobstructed view over and across lands at certain highway,
railroad, and railway intersections and curves, so as to prevent and
permit removal of interference with and obstruction of the vision of
users of Said highways; and providing for the use of such lands in
Such manner as not to interfere with a free and unobstructod view.
Section 1. Be it enacted, &c., That the State Highway
Department, the Public Service Commission, and any county, city,
borough, incorporated town, or township, may acquire, by purchase
or by the right of eminent domain, a free and unobstructed viow
down and across such lands located at or near the intersection of
any two highways, or a highway and a railroad or railway, or at
any curve in any highway, as may be necessary to assure a free
and unobstructed view in all directions at such crossings, and to
So prevent the use of such lands for any purpose or in any manner
which may interfere with or obstruct the vision of any porson or
persons traveling upon any such highway.
Section 2. Upon any such condemnation, the State Highway
Commission, the Public Service Commission, and the proper authori-
ties of any city, borough, town, or township, having had such view
condemned, may, from time to tige, abate or remove, or cause to be
abated or removed, any obstruction to such view over and across such
lands.
Section 3. The proceedings for the condemnation of such view
over and across such lands under the provisions of this act, and for
the assessment of damages for property taken, injured, or destroyed,
shall be taken in the same manner as is now provided for the con-
demnation of land by the State Highway Department for road purposes,
by the Public Service Commission for the purposes allowed by law,
and by counties, boroughs, and townships, for road purposes,

- 80 -
PENNSYLVANIA (Cont'd)
Session Laws, 1933, No. 313, Section 4. Upon the condemnation
of a view over and across any lands for the purposes of this act,
the owner of such lands may make every such use there of as will
not interfere with a free and unobstructed view at such dangerous
crossing or curve, and, unless specially provided for in such con-
demnation proceedings, such condemnation shall not be construed to
prevent the owner thereof from using such land for pasture or the
growing of grass, oats, wheat, or other crops which will not ob-
struct the vision more than wheat.
Section 5. All acts or parts of
acts inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed.
Laws, 1925, No. 388, Sec. l. Be it enacted, etc., That hereafter
it shall be unlawful to placo any sign, banner, or advertising
matter of any kind whatsoever on or across any public road or high-
Way or on or across any structure within the legal limits of any
public road or highway of this Commonwealth without first having
obtained the written consent of the authcrities responsible for the
maintenance of any public road or highway. -
Sec. 2. Any such sign, banner, or adver-
tising matter placed without the consent of the authorities re-
Sponsible for the maintenance of such public road or highway is
hereby declared to be a violation of this act; any such sign or
banner so placed shall be and is hereby declared to be a public
nuisance and may be abated by the authorities responsible for the
maintenance of the public road or highway with or without notice
to the party or parties responsible for the placing thereof, and
in addition there to the parties responsible for the placing of
such sign, banner, or advertising matter shall for each and every
such offense forfeit and pay a sum not less than four dollars
($4.00) nor more than twenty dollars ($20.00). All money col-
lected under the provisions of this act shall be paid into the
Treasury of the County in which said nuisance was perpetrated,
to be used only for the construction or repair of public roads
or highways.
Laws, 1929, No. 403, Sec. 1107. (This repeals Laws, 1927, Act
No. 452, Sec. 1041, P. 949) Other Than Official Signs Prohibited.--
No unauthorized person shall erect or maintain, upon or along any
highway, any warning or direction, sign, marker, signal, or light,
in imitation of, or similar to, any official sign, marker, signal,
or light, erected under the provisions of this act; and no person
3.
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• 81 -
shall crect or maintain, upon any highway, any traffic or highway
sign or signal bearing thereon any corriercial advertising, pro-
vided nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the
erection or Elaintenance of signs, markers, or signals bearing
theroon the name of an organization authorized to Grect the same
by the Secretary of Highways of this Cormonwealth, or any proper
local official.
Penalty. — Any person violating any of the provisions of
this section, shall, upon summary conviction before a ragistrate,
be sentenced to pay a fine of twenty-five ($25) dollars and costs
of prosecution, and in default of the paymont thoreof, shall under-
go imprisonment for not more than ten (10) days.
- 82 -
RHODE ISLAND
General Laws, 1923, (1741) Sec. 26. No person, partnership or
corporation shall erect, construct or maintain any billboard
along the line of any public highway or street within three
hundred feet of any place where a railroad crosses a public
highway or Street at grade, nor within a distance of fifty feet
of the intersection of any public highway or street; Provided,
however, that the provisions of this section shall not be con-
Strued to apply to the erection, construction or maintenance of
any billboard Vikenever the same shall be erected, constructed or
maintained upon the top of any building or buildings not less than
ten feet in height.
(1742). Sec. 27. Any person, partnership or
corporation violating any of the provisions of the preceding section
Sinall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof
Słiall be fined not exceeding fifty dollars.
Chap. 121. (1753). The term "out-door advertis-
ing" as used in this chapter shall apply only to all such advertising
displayed so as to attract the attention of persons on any public
highway, or while in the vehicle of any comm...on carrier, or in any
station of such carrier, or while in any public building, public
park, public grounds, or other public places, whetlier such advertis-
ing be by means of printing, Writing, picture, or a combination
thereof, and whatever may be the means of display, except that it
S. all not include advertising located upon private property and
relating exclusively to the bººsiness conducted on Such property or
the sale or rental thereof, or advertising in or upon the cars and
Stations of any common carrier.
General Laws, 1923, Chao. 397. (3098). A person * * * Who, in any
manner paints, prints, places, puts or affixes, or causes to be
painted, printed, placed or affixed, any business or commercial
advertisement on or to any stone, tree, fence, Stump, pole, building
or other object, which is the property of another, without first ob-
taining the written consent of such owner thereof, or Who in any
manner paints, prints, places, puts or affixes, or causes to be
painted, placed or affixed, such an advertisement on or to any stone,
tree, fence, stump, pole, mile-board, mile-stone, danger-sign, danger-
signal, guide-sign, guide-post, billboard, building or other object
within the limits of a public highway is punishable by a fine of not
less than five dollars, nor more than twenty-five dollars, or by im—
prisonment for not more than ten days, or by both such fine and
imprisonment, Any advertisement in or upon a public highway in viola-
tion of the provisions of this chapter may be talcon down, removed or
destroyed by anyone,


- 83
SOUTH CAROLINA
#
Criminal Code, 1934, Sec. &ll. It shall be unlawful for any per-
son, firm or corporation to use for advertising purposes the kind
of 6 cross usually used as a crossing sign by steam and electric
railroads. Any violations of the provisions of this Section
chall be punishable by a fine of not more than one hundred’ ($100.00)
dollars or imprisonment for not more than thirty (30) days. It
shall be the duty of the Road Supervisor of the various counties in
this State to remove and destroy any signs hitherto erected by any
person, firm or corporation for advertising purposes, in violation
of this Section.
- 84
sbüTH DAKOTA
*
Session Laws, 1919, Chap. 127, Sec. l. * * * It shall be unlawful
for any person or persons to, within the State, place, erect or
construct along the street or highways adjoining any, cemetery, O I’
Within three hundred feet of any cemetery, any billboard, advertis-
ing sign, or unsightly object without first obtaining the Written
consent of the proper officers of the city, town or township, and
of the proper officers or persons having charge and control of said
cemetery: Provided, however, that such street or highway may be
marked to designate an automobile route, or for other public pur-
poses, if the same is done in a neat and attractive manner.
Sec. 2. It shall be unlawful for
amy person to erect, keep or maintain any billboard or sign at,
along or near the intersection of any public highway, or at, along
or near any curve or turn in any public highway so as to obstruct
the view of any person traveling upon such public highway when ap-
proaching such intersection, curve or turn, .
Sec. 3. Violation, Penalty. Any
person or persons violating any of the provisions of this act shall
be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and punishable by a fine of not
less than five, nor more than twenty-five dollars.
Session Laws, l925, Chap. 186, Sec. l. That it shall be unlawful
for any person, persons, corporation or association, to place, or
maintain, or cause to be placed, any advertising sign, device, or
display, on any of the public highways of this State within three
hundred feet of any main crossing or intersection, sharp curve or
railroad crossing. Provided that this act shall not affect streets
or highways inside of the limits of cities or towns.
Session Laws, lº25, Chap. 186, Sec. 2. That it shall be unlawful
for any person, persons, corporation or association, to place, or
maintain, or cause to be placed, any advertising sign, device or
display, of which more than twenty per cent of the surface shall
be displayed in red, along the public highways of this State, out-
side of the limits of cities and towns.
- 85
SOUTE DAYOTA (Cont'd)

Session Laws, 1925, Chap. 186, Sec. 3. Any person, or persons,
Twiblating any of the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty
of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by
a fine of not to exceed fifty dollars, or by imprisonment in the
county jail not to exceed thirty days, or by both such fine and
imprisonment.
Laws of 1929, 2hap. 35l, Sec. 60, Otizer Than Official Signs Pro-
hibited. No unauthorized person shall erect or maintain upon any
highway any warning, or direction sign, marker, signal or light in
imitation of any official sign, marker, signal or lićht erected
under the provisions of this act, and no person shall erect or
maintain upon any highway any traffic or highway sign or signal
bearing thereon any commercial advertising, provided nothing in
this section shall be construed to prohibit the erection or main-
teliance of signs, markers, or signals bearing thereon the name of
an organization authorized to erect the same by the State Highway
Commission or any local authority as defined in this act.
- 86 —
TENNESSEE
*...*
Shannon's Annotated Code, Supplement of 1926, Sec. 6487 al. Un-
lawful to erect advertising signs resembling railroad crossing
signs, where -- It shall be unlawful for any person, firin, corpor-
ation, or association to erect or maintain on any public highway
or street in the State of Tennessee, or on private property, within
one-quarter of a mile of any public road or street, any advertising
sign similar to or resembling, or that can reasonably be mistaken
for the standard railroad crossing sign, or for the owner or person
in possession of such private property knowingly to permit the
erection or maintenance of such sign on such private property. The
erection of any Such sign, designated by the railroad commission,
shall be a compliance with provisions of existing statutes requir-
ing the érection of signs at railroad crossings by the several
counties.
Public Acts, 1985, Chap. 87, Sec. l. * * * no person shall erect
a sign of ºny character upon the right of way of any street, road
or highway (outside of incorporated municipalities) within the
State of Tennessee, designated by the State Department of Highways
as a main traveled road and included in the gencral highway plan
, of the State.
Public Acts, 1927, Chºp. 89. Advertising Companies. Advertising
by electric signs or devices. -
Each person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of
advertising by electric signs or advertisements in this State shall
pay the following taxes for such privilege:
In cities, town or taxing districts of more than
50,000 inhabitants, each per annun . . . . . . . . . . . . $50.00
In cities, towns or taxing districts from 20,000
to 50,000 inhabitants, each per annum . . . . . . . . . . 35.00
In cities, towns or taxing districts of from gº
5,000 to 20,000 inhabitants, each per anºum . . . . . . . 20.00
In cities, towns or tºxing districts of lºss than
5,000 inhabitants, each per annum . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.00
Provided, that this shall not apply to any one engaged in
another business advertising only his, their or its own business
by such electric signs.
*
- 87 –
TENNESSEE (Cont'd)
Public Acts, 1927, Chap. 89, Bill Posters, Poster Boards. All
persons, companies, or corporations posting bills or other printed
matter for hire in counties of 60,000 inhabitants or over, each
per annum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $75.00
In counties of from 40,000 to 60,000 inhabitants, &
each per annum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25. OO
In counties of from 20,000 to 40,000 inhabitants,
each Oer annum . • * * * * * c e s e º e º 'o e º e º e e lO, OO
In counties of under 20,000 inhabitants,
each per annum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.50
Paint Boards or Signs. Each person,
firm or corporation, owning, renting, conducting or operating
oainted billboards or advertising signs for which a charge is made
for the use thereof, shall pay a privilege tax as follows: -
In counties of more than 60,000 inhabitants,
each per annum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $100.00
In counties of from 60,000 inhabitants,
each per annum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.00
In counties of less than 20,000 inhabitants,
each per annum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.00
2O, OOO to
- 88 -
TEXAS
General LaVs of Texas, Second and Third Called Sessions, 1929.
Chap. 42, Seca 13. No unauthorized person shall erect or Ilaintain
upon any State HighWay any Warming or direction sign, marker, sig-
inal or light, and no person shall erect or maintain upon any high-
Way any traffic or highway sign or signal boaring thcroon any con–
mercial advertising, provided nothing in this section shall be con-
strued to prohibit the erection or maintenance of signs, markers,
or signals bearing thereon the name of an organization authorized
to erect the same by the Department.
Completo Texas Statutos, 1928, Art. 1175, Cities shall have the
following powers; * * * * -
24. To license, regulate, control or prohibit the erection
of signs or billboards as may be provided by charter or ordinance.
•,• Cº-
* *


- 89 -
TRIAR
Laws, 1919, Chap. 131. Every person Who Willfully, and maliciously
corrits any trespass by either 1 + + + 6. Putting up, affixing,
fastening, printing or painting upon any property belonging to the
State, or to any city, county, or village, or dedicated to tho pub-
lic, or upon any property of any person, without liconse from the
OWiler, any notice, advertisement or designation of, or any name for,
any corrodity, Thether for sale or otherwiso, or any picturo, sign,
or device, intendod to call attention thereto * * * is guilty of a
misdomoanor.
Laws, 1923, Chape 27, Sec. l. Permit Required. It shall bo unlaw-
ful for any person, or persons, firms, associations, or corporations
to place any form or forms, of advertising upon any part of the pub-
lic domain, or along any public highway, within three hundrod (300)
feet of such highway, except within the corporate limits of any
city or town, and except upon land under private ownership, situated
along such highway, without first receiving a permit so to do from
and With the consent of the Inembers of the State road commission.
Sec. 2. Removal of Advertisements. Any por-
son or persons, firms, associations, or corporations now having in
place, any form or forms of advortising as provided by this Act
shall remove same and all ovidences thoroof within ninety (90) days
after the approval of this Act, unless such permit be grantod by
the State road cormission.
Sec. 3. Ponalty. Any person or persons,
firms, associations, or corporations, violating the provisions of
his Act, shall be deoned guilty of a Thisdemeanor and shall bo
subjoct to a fine of not less than two hundred dollars ($200.00)
or more than five hundred dollars ($500.00).
Revisod Laws, 1989, Chape 98. , a .2
Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Utah:
Sec. l. Section amended. That Soction 2, Chapter l{5,
Laws of Utah, 1921, as amended by Chapter 52, Laws of Utah, 1923,
relating to the advertising and display of tobacco, cigars, cigarottes
and cigarotte papers, is amonded to read as follows:
Sec. 2. Unlawful to display advertising - Where. It shall
be a misdemeanor for any person, company, or corporation, to display
on any bill board, stroet car sign, Street car, placard, or on any
– 90 -
UTAH (Cont'd.)
other object or place of display, any advertisement of cigarettes,
cigarette papers, cigars, chewing tobacco, or smolting tobacco, or
any disguise or substitute of either, except that a decler in cig-
arettes, cigarette papers, tobacco, or cigars or their substitutes,
may have a sign on the front of his place of business stating that
he is a dealer in such articles, provided that nothing herein shall
be construed to prohibit the advertising of cigarettes, cigarette
papers, chewing tobacco, smoking tobacco, or any disguise or sub-
stitute of either in any mowspaper, magazine or periodical printed
or circulating in the State of Utah.
Sec. 3. This Act shall take effect upon approval.
Approved March 25, 1929.
NOTE: The United States Supreme Court has granted a review
in the case of Packer vs. Utah, and Will pass on the
constitutionality of this law.
:
- 91 -
VERMONT
Public Acts, Approved March 15, 1929, Chape 28, Sec. l. License
fee; date payable. A person, firm or corporation shall not engage
in the business of outdoor advertising for direct profit through
rentals or compensation received for the erection, maintenance, or
display ºf point od-balloting, , poster panels, or other outdoor ad-
vertising devices, upon real property, until such person, firm or
corporation shall secure from the secretary of state a license to
engage in the business of outdoor advertising. The fee for such
license shall be twenty-five dollars annually payable in advance
on the first day of March, provided that the fee payable in 1929
shall be payable Within thirty days after this act takes effect,
* Sec. 2, Permits;
application. A person, firm or corporation, licensed under section
one hereof, shall not erect or maintain any outdoor advertising
structure, device or display, until such person, firm or corpora-
tion shall obtain from the secretary of state a permit for the .
erection of such structure, device or display and pay the proper
fee therefor. Application for such permit shall be in writing,
signed by the applicant or his duly authorized agent, upon blanks
furnished by the secretary of state in such form and requiring
| Such information as said secretary may prescribe. Each applica-
tion shall have attached thereto the written consent of the owners
of the property on which such structure, device or display is to
be erected or maintained. Application shall be made in like man-
ner for permits to maintain all existing outdoor advertising
structures, devices or displays within thirty days after this act
takes effect, and unless permits are obtained therefor and the
permit fees provided in section four are paid, the same shall be
removed as hereinafter provided. 3.
Sec. 3. Permits;
exceptions. A person, firm or corporation, not engaged in the
business of outdoor advertising for direct profit, shall not erect,
maintain or continue to maintain any outdoor advertising structure,
device or display, of more than six square feet, other than upon
property within three hundred feet of the place where the goods ad-
vertised are manufactured or offered for sale, or Where the business
advertised is carried on, until such person, firm or corporation
shall obtain from the secretary of state a permit in the same manner
as provided by section two.
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ºr 92 - .
VERMONT (Contid.)
Public Acts, 1931, Amended, No. 13, Soc. 4. Foos; special permit.
The fees for such perſºits, excopt in the caso of pormits issued for
he period of one month only, shall be payable vihon issuod and an-
mually theroaftor on tho first day of March and as follows: fifty
conts for oach panel or separate display of ovor six squaro foot
and not ovor fiftoon squaro foot, used or dosigmatod for advortising;
sovonty-fivo conts for oach panol or soparato display ovor fiftoon
Bquare foot and not ovor twonty-fivo squaro foot; one dollar for
oach panol or Soparato display over twonty-fivo squaro foot and
mot Ovor fifty squaro foot; one dollar and sevonty-fivo conts for
oach panol or Boparato display over fifty square feet and not over
one hundred square feet; two dollars and fifty cents for each panel
or separate display over one hundred square feet and not over one
hundred and fifty square feet; three dollars and twenty-five cents
for each panel or separate display over one hundred and fifty square
feet and not over two hundred square feet; four dollars for each
panel or separate display over tyro hundred square foot and not
over two hundred and fifty squaro feet; four dollars and seventy-
five cents for each panel or separato display over two hundrod and
fifty square feet and not over throo hundred squaro feet; five
dollars and fifty conts for each panel or soparato display ovor threo
hundred square foot and not ovor throo hundrod and fifty square
feot; six dollars and twenty-five conts for oach panol or soparate
display over throo hundrod and fifty squaro foot and not ovor four
hundrod squaro foot; Govon dollars for oach panel or soparato dis-
play ovor four hundred squaro foot and not ovor four hundrod and
fifty square foot; sevon dollars and soventy-five conts for each
panel or soparato display ovor four hundrod and fifty squaro foot
and not over five humdrod squaro foot; cight dollars and fifty
conts for oach panol or soparato display over fivo hundred squaro
foot and not ovor five hundred and fifty squaro foot; nine dollars
and twonty-fivo conts for oach panol or soparato display ovor fivo
bundrod and fifty square feet and not over six hundred square foot.
No sign or advortisomont shall be erectod. Which shall contain moro
than six hundred square foot. Pormits may bo issued for a period
not excoeding ono month and tho foo thcrofor shall bo six mills
por square foot and payablo in advanco. In computing tho measuro-
monts spocified in this soction tho framework of tho panel shall
not be includod,
Soc. 5. Permits: contonts. Upon rocoipt of an application,
as sot forth in soction two, and the roquirod pormit foo, if tho
sizo and location of each advertisement, billboard or othor
structure is not contrary to tho
* * •

– 93 -
VERMONT (Cont'd)
provisions of this act, the secretary of state shall cause to be
issued a permit for the erection or continued maintenance of the
Outdoor advertising structure, device or display named in said
application, which permit Bhall state the location and size of
such structure, device or display and the location upon which it
is to be erected or maintained, and shall be in force until the
first day of March next following the date thoroof. Any adver-
tisement displayed upon any such structure or dovice shall be
exempted from the payment of any other permit foe during the period
covered by said permit.
Public Acts, Approved March 15, 1929, Chap. 28, Sec. 6. Excep-
tions. This act shall not require any license or permit for any
advertising sign containing six square feet or less, nor from any
town, city or incorporated village in this state for any adver-
tisement owned by it and advertising its industries or attractions
and maintained at either public or private expense, and shall not
apply to Signs and other devices on or in the rolling Stock, sta-
tion, Subways or structures of or used by common carriers, and
shall not apply to highway light house signs, with no advertising
thereon, located at places of danger, provided the written consent
of the state highway board is obtained both as to location and
plan and style of erection.
. Sec. 7. Restric-
tions; removal. Advertisements and signs shall not be displayed
within fifty feet of any public park, playground or cemetery, or
within thirty-five feet of the center of the travelled part of
any highway outside of the thickly settled or business part of a
city or town, except upon the walls of a building in which the
goods advertised are offered for sale or the business advertised
is conducted, and except signs erected by the state or a town or
city which solely indicate highway directions, traffic regulations
and dangerous places. All existing advertising matter, except as
above provided, and all structures erected or maintained solely
for advertising purposes within a distance of thirty-five feet
from the center of the travelled part of any highway shall be re-
moved and relocated as required by the provisions of this act with-
in three years from its passage.
– 94 - -
WERMONT (Contid.)
Public Acts, 1931. Amondod, No. 13, Soc. 8. Bond; conditions.
A license shall not be grantod to a porson, firm or corporation
having his or its principal place of businos's outside of tho state,
for tho display of any advortisement or the oroction of any bill-
board or othor structure designod and intonded for the display
of advertising mattor until such person, firm or corporation has
filed with the socrotary of stato a bond satisfactory to said
Socrotary, running to the stato, Pormits shall not be grantod to
a porson, firm or corporation having its or his principal placo
of businoss outside of tho state for tho display of any advertiso—
mont for a poriod not oxcooding one month until such porson, firm
or corporation making application for such pormit has filod with
the secretary of stato a bond satisfactory to said secretary, running
to the stato. Such bond or bonds shall be in such sum as said
Socrotary shall dotormine, conditioned to obsorvo, obey and ful-
fill all requiremonts of law and tho regulations and orders of said
secretary rolating to the display of advertisoments, and othorwise
conditioned as said socrotary may dotormino. Such bond or bonds
shall romain in forco and effoct so long as any obligation to the
state remains unsatisfied.
-- Soc. 9. Removal; ponalty.
The Becretary of state may order tho romoval or chango in location
of any advortisomont whom in his opinion such advortisomont ob-
structs a cloar vioW along any highway, or is Within tho legal
limits of any highway, or is displayod contrary to tho provisions
of law. If tho porson, firm or corporation in control of or own-
ing any advortisomont Which has boon ordorod roſſovod or changod
in its location, as provided in this section, shall not remove
such advortisomont. Within thirty days aftor such ordor of removal
or change has boon sont to such porson, firm or corporation by
said secrotary by rogistorod mail, said socrotary Iſlay causo Such
advortisomont to be removod and the exponso of such romoval may
bo collocted from tho porson, firm or corporation owning or con-
trolling the game in an action on this statute, or from the suitoties
on tho bond filed by such person, firm or corporation.
Public Acts, 1931, Amendod, No. 13, Soca 10- Romoval. The state
highway department, solectrion of towns or city council of cities
shall romovo or cause to bo romovod any advertisomont or sign measur-
ing more than six squaro foot displayod contrary to the provisions
of this act whom roquestod so to do by the socrotary of state. Said
stato, town or city officials shall ronovo all advortiserients six
square foot or loss in sizo Which aro now or horoafter may be lo-
cated within the prohibited aroa dofined in Soction sovon, except
such as aro porrmitted under the provisions of Soction clevon.
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– 95 -
VERMONT (Cont d)
Public Acts, Approved March 15, 1929, Chap. 28, Sec. 11. Signs
within limits of highway; exceptions. The secretary of state may,
with the consent of the aldermen of a city, the trustees of an
incorporated village, or the selectmen of a town permit the erec-
tion of advertising signs which are designed to benefit local
residents or industries, within the limits of highways, but not
in any location where such signs will obstruct the view along any
highway.
s Sec. 12. Defi-
nition. The word "display" as used in this act and in other laws
of the state relating to advertisements and signs, shall mean
erecting, maintaining, pasting, painting and posting any adver-
tisement or sign out of doors or erecting or maintaining any bill-
board or other structure designed and intended for the display of
advertising matter where the same may be seen by the public, or
... allowing any such advertisement, billboard or other structure,
erected or displayed either before or after the passage of this
act to remain exposed in whole or in part to public view, and
shall include the act itself and the causing of such act to be
done. The obligation to pay the license and permit fees required
by law shall apply and be in force for such time as such adver-
tisement or sign or any part thereof remains visible and so long
as any board or structure or any part there of erected or built for
the purpose of displaying advertising matter thereon, remains ex-
posed to public view. > >
Sec. 13. Name
of owner. All advertisements and all billboards and structures
designed for the display of advertising matter thereon shall show
the name of the person, firm or corporation displaying such ad-
vertisements or owning or leasing such billboards and structures.
Sec. 14. Penalty.
A person who erects, maintains, displays or allows to remain in
view an advertisement, sign, billboard or any structure designed
- 96 -
VERMONT (Cont d)
for the display of advertising matter contrary to the provisions
of this act shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars, or
imprisoned not more than thirty days, or both.
Public Acts. Approved March 15, 1929, Chao. 28, Sec. 15. Repeal
No. 44 of the Acts of 1921, as amended by No. 32 of the Acts of
1925, and No. 32 of the Acts of 1925, and section 6949 of the
General Laws and all other acts and parts of acts inconsistent
herewith are hereby repealed as of March 1, 1929, but such repeal
shall not affect a penalty of forfeiture incurred or a tax or fee
imposed or an action or proceeding had or commenced before this
act takes effect.
Sec. 16. Con-
struction. The several sections and provisions of this act are
hereby declared independent and severable and the invalidity, if
any, of any part or feature thereof shall not affect or render
the remainder of the act invalid or inoperative.
Exceptions. Nothing in this act shall be construed to
apply to purely direction signs erected by local residents or
town officials.
This act shall take effect from its passage.
Approved April 3, 1931,
(NOTE: The above is Chapter 28 of Laws of 1929, with Sections
4, 8, and 10 as amended by Laws of 1931, No. 13)
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- 97 -
WIRGINIA
Virginia Acts of Assembly, 1926, Chap. 474, Sec. 64. No unauthor-
ized person shall erect or Iaintain upon any highway any warning
or direction sign, marker, signal or light, in imitation of any
official sign, Ilarker, signal or light erected under the provision
of this act, and no person shall erect or maintain upon any high-
Way any traffic or highway sign or signal bearing thereon any corn-
Thercial advertising, provided nothing in this section shall be con-
Strued to prohibit the erection or maintenance of signs, markers,
or signals bearing thereon the Iname of an organization authorized
to erect the same by the Stato Highway Commission or any local
authority as do fined in this Act.
Virginia. Acts of Assofibly, 1930, Chap. 270 - An Act to amend and
re-enact Section 4730 of the Code of Virginia, in relation to
public roads, so as to prohibit the erection or maintenance of any
Structure that 7ould obstruct the viewſ at road and railway crossings,
and to prescribe penalties for violations. (S B 234)
Approved March 24, 1930.
l. Be it enacted by the general assor:bly of Virginia, That
section forty-seven hundred and thirty of the Code of Virginia be
amended and re-enacted so as to read as follows: If any person
* * * * erect or maintain any billboard, advertising, or other
sirilar structure outside the corporate limits of a city or town
within a radius of two hundred feet from the point of intersection
of any two or rore public roads, or the intersection of a public
road and a railroad, in the direction of the intergocting road or
roads and railroads, or to erect or maintain any such billboard,
advortising or other similar structure at or near any curve or
bend in a public road, outside the corporate lirits of any in-
corporated city or town, in such manner, as to obstruct the
clear view, or cross the line of vision of podostrians and/or
persons in Wheeled vehicles looking from any one point to any
other point on any such road not more than one hundred yards
apart; he shall be guilty of a raisdemeanor.
The provisions of this act shall not limit or restrict the
right of any common carrier to Grect and maintain markers, of such
design as may be approved by the corporation corrission, at any point
located off the right of Way of any high Way, in this Stato, to
designato stopping points, faro zones, or schedulos, nor shall
it limit or restrict any ferry company or toll bridge corpany from
erecting and maintaining direction markers or other advortisomont,
of such design as may be approved by the chairman of the State high-
way cormission located off the right of Way of any highway of
this State. *. r.

– 98 –
WASHINGTON
* gº *
Remington's Compiled Statutes, 1922. Chap. IX. Sec. 2659. Every
person who shall willfully -- * * * 14. Place upon or affix to
any real property or any rock, tree, wall, fence or other structure
thereupon, without the consent of the owner thereof, any word,
character or device designed to advertise any article, business,
profession, exhibition, matter or event * * * shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor.
Chap. XI. Sec. 2708. Every
person who willfully commits any trespass by either putting up,
affixing, fastening, printing or painting upon any property be-
longing to the State, or to any county, city, town, or village,
or dedicated to the public, or upon any property of any person
or corporation without license from the owner, any notice, adver-
tisement, or designation of, or any name for any commodity,
whether for sale or otherwise, or any picture, sign, or device
intended to call attention thereto, shall be guilty of a misde-
meanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine
of not more than fifty dollars, or by imprisonment in the county
jail not more than twme ty days, or by both such fine and imprison-
ment: Provided that nothing contained in this section shall be
construed to prohibit the posting of legal notices.
*
Remington's Compiled Statutes, 1923. Chap. VII. Sec. 10510-3,
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to erect
or maintain any sign, signboard or billboard within a distance of
five hundred feet of any railroad highway grade crossing which
shall obstruct the view of approaching trains.
Laws, 1925. Chap. 131. Sec. l. Whenever the State highway com-
mittee of the State of Washington shall be resolution specify
that it is necessary in the opinion of such committee for the
convenience and safety of public travel and use of any State high-
way to have the full width of right of way of any such highway or
of any portion of such highway free from any and all obstructions,
encroachments and occupancy other than pole lines, pipe lines or
other structures maintained thereon for public or quasi-public
utilities by virtue of a valid franchise, and shall cause to be
posted on any structure, building, improvement or other means of
occupancy of any of the right of way of such highway or portion
thereof within ten days after the date of such posting, exclusive
§§§
¿ķ

– 99 —
WASHINGTON (Conti d)
of the date of posting, such obstructions, encroachments and means
of occupancy, any such structure, building, improvement or other
means of occupancy of any of the right of way of said highway not
removed within such time shall become thereby and be an unlawful
property and may be confiscated, removed and sold or destroyed by
the State of Washington without any right in anyone to make any
claim therefor, either by reason of the rêmoval thereof or the
sale or destruction thereof, or otherwise. Any person who shall
keep or maintain or occupy any such unlawful structure shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor.
* *

- 100 –
WEST WIRGINIA
Acts, 1921, Chap. 112, Sec. 67. Any person who in any manner
paints or affixes any advertisement, sign, notice or 6ther written
or printed matter, other than notices posted in pursuance of law,
on or to any stone, tree, fence, stump, pole, building, or other
structure which is in or upon the right of way of any public road
or highway, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction
there.cf, shall be punished with a fine of not less than five dol-
lars, nor more than one hundred dollars. The commission is em-
powered to remove any such signs in place upon any road taken over
by it for construction or maintenance.
«-» &n-wissraeg！»

~ 101 -
WISCONSIN
Statutes, l023, 195. 19. Whenever a petition is lodged with the
railroad commission * * * to the effect that public safety requires
* * * the removal of obstructions to the view at such crossing * * *
it shall be the duty of the commis ion to give notice to the proper
barty or parties in interest other than the petitioner, of the
filing of such petition, and to proceed to investigate the same and
to order a hearing thereon in the manner provided for hearings in
Section l95.17, and after such hearing the commissioner shall deter-
mine what, if anything, shall be done to promote the public safety
and the means by which it shall be accomplished, whether by * * *
the removal of obstructions to sight at crossing. * * * The com—
mission shall fix the proportion of the cost and expense of such
removals " * * including the damages to any person whose land is
taken, and the special dairages which the owner of any land adjoin-
ing the public street or highway shall sustain * * * by reason of
the removal of obstructions to view at such crossings, to be paid
by the railroad company or companies, and the municipality or muni-
cipalities in interest. -
Shap. 343, Sec. 4446b, l. No person shall erect,
or cause to be erected, any advertising, direction, guide, warning
or other sign or marker within any public highway within a distance
of one thousand feet from the intersection of any two or more high-
ways, when such intersection is beyond the corporate limits of any
city or village, unless permission is first obtained from the offi-
cials charged with the maintenance of such highways.
2. In case any person
shall violate the provisions of this section, the authorities in
charge of the maintenance of the highway upon which such violation
occurs shall promptly remove such advertising, direction, guide,
warning or other sign or marker.
3. If any signs at present
exist in the public right of way on any highway within ºne thousand
feet of the intersection ºf any two or more highways or streets be-
yond the limits of any incorporated city or village which are, in
the ov)inion of the officials in charge of the maintenance of such
highway, a menace to the safety of the public traveling along such
highways, said officials shall notify the owners of such signs to
remove the same, or to remove the danger producing features, and in
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- 102 –
WISCONSIN (Cont" d)
case the owners do not do so, or in case the owners cannot be found
with reasonable effort, the authorities in chºrgo of said high-ray
shall remove said signs from within the right of way.
Statutes, 1935. J95.49.9mºp-43,853.44%. The triangles bounded
###### jācāfīſāfērsecting highways and a line drawn between
th-e points on the center lines of said highways one thousand feet
from the intersection of their center lines, are declared prohibited
ground for the erection of any dºnger producing advertising signs,
when such intersection is beyond the corporate limits of any city
or village. No advertising, sign, design or insignia shall hereafter
be erected within said triangle's which will endanger the safety of
the public traveling along any iiighways, and if there now exist in
any such triangle any advertising signs, designs, or insignia, en-
dangering the safety of the public traveling along such highways,
the authorities in charge of the maintenance of such highways shall
take up the matter with the owner of the sign and with the owner of
the land, and shall cause tº sºme to be rémoved, or to be so altered
as to remove the danger producing features. Within the same tri-
angles the authorities in charge of maintaining any road shall re-
quire the property owner to minimize the obstruction to the view
across the triangle insofar as is possible, and shall make such ar-
rangement with him is will maké travel on the intersecting highways as
safe as is reasonably possible.
5. Any person who violates
any of the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor
and on conviction thereof silºll be punished by a fine of not less
than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each
offense, or by imprisonment in the county jºil for a period not ex-
ceeding thirty days, or by both such fine and imprisonment in the
discretion of the court.
aws, 1925. Crºad. 96. Sec. l. A new section is added to the stat-
utes to read: 86.19 1) No sign shall be placed within the limits
of any public street or highway except Wuch as are necessary for
the guidance or warning of travel. It shall be the duty of the
county highway committee in each county to cause the removal of all
other signs from the State and county trunk highways and the duty
of the town, village and city officers to cause the removal of such

ºr " ' " -
*
WYOMING
Highway Department claims jurisdiction over right of way of State
roads and assumes authority to refuse permission to erect adver-
tising signs within the right of way, and has removed several of
such signs.
– 103 -
WISCONSIN (Cont" d)
a *
other signs frcm all other roads and streets within their respec-
tive towns, villages and cities. Any sign on any public street or
highway in violation of this section after June 30, 1925, shall be
removed therefrom by the officers responsible for the maintenance
of such street or highway, and disposed of in such manner as they
may deem advisable.

Laws, 1925, Chap. 96. Sec. 2. The State highway commission shall
prescribe regulations àith respect to the erection of signs on
public highways. Such regulations shall be published in the offi-
cial State paper and shall have the full force of law within thirty
days after such publication. No advertising sign shall use promi-
nently any words, or combination of words, commonly used for the
guidance or Warning of travel, nor shall any advertising sign be
erected or be permitted to remain in any place or manner so as to
be a cause of danger to travel on the highways, either by reason
of causing an obstruction to the view or otherwise. *
- Sec. 3. Any person who shall erect any
sign on any public highway, or elsewhere in violation of any of
he provisions of this section, or the regulations of the highway
commission, or without the written consent of the State highway
commission, if the sign is to be erected on a State trunk highway,
the county highway commission in the case of county trunk highway,
or the city council, village or town board in case of a street or
highway maintained by a city, village or town, shall be fined not
less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars, and for
a second or subsequent violation shall be fined not less than ten
dollars nor more than five hundred dollars. . . s
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