LD
ISTORAN
Wees
4191
89
NEVASTRES
VOL. VIII., No. 1
OHIO UNIVEI B 417139
BULLETIN
Ohio
University
The Historic
College of the
Old Northwest
ATHENS, OHIO-OCTOBER, 1910
PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY
Entered at the Postoffice at Athens, Ohio, as Second Clas& Matter

OHIO
UNIVERSITY
THE HISTORIC
COLLEGE OF THE
OLD NORTHWEST
BY
CLEMENT L. MARTZOLFF
ALUMNI SECRETARY
REPRINTED FROM THE PUBLICATIONS OF THE OHIO
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY

LD
4191
082
Ma
OHIO UNIVERSITY-THE HISTORIC COLLEGE
OF THE OLD NORTHWEST.
CLEMENT L. MARTZOLFF.
RB
Situated on the winding Hock-Hocking amid the pic-
turesque hills of Southern Ohio is the little city which, according
to Theodore Roosevelt, "with queer poverty of imagination and
fatuous absence of humor has been given the name of Athens."

RE
RO
O1110 UNIVERSITY, 1875.
Probably the strenuous ex-president would have considered it
more appropriate to have named it “Hog-Hollow" or "Buz-
zards' Glory” or some such euphonious title instead. In justi-
fication of its name it must be remembered that the settlers
sent out by the Ohio Company of Associates had a greater per
cent. of Harvard and Yale graduates than any similar body
of pioneers in America. So when these men christened Ma-
rietta, Athens, Campus Martius, Rome, Troy, and Carthage it
was not because of paucity of imagination but rather out of
(3)
4
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
their abundance of knowledge. The humor of the situation
may never have struck them, for they were Englishmen. But
the desire to build well was theirs. So they laid the foundation
deep and broad. The settlement began under the “reign of
law” and with it was the establishment by law of the church,
the school, and the college. The fathers of Ohio may have
lacked imagination and they may not have been able to see a
joke but neither were they renegades, squatters, bush-whackers,
nor scalp hunters. This alone ought to neutralize their
“fatuous” short - comings
and we can forgive them
their classical enthusiasm in
calling the rude building
erected in the woods of
Ohio a university and the
pioneer hamlet surrounding
it Athens.
"The town and the col-
lege were twins. The site
of the former was selected
with a view of the latter
and a name was chosen that
should be a prognostic of
the place of culture for the
Northwest such
old
Athens had been for the
MANASSEH CUTLER.
ancient world."
The Ohio University had its inception along with the
Ordinance of 1787. This makes it the oldest collegiate insti-
tution northwest of the Ohio river and as Dr. Manasseh Cutler
was the moving spirit in the settlement of this first west and
the establishment of organic law there, so too can we look to
him as the “Father of Ohio University”. By his constructive
statesmanship and his consummate diplomacy, he succeeded in
getting a dying congress to do in two weeks what it had failed
to accomplish in three years
- the establishment of a govern-
ment for the Northwest Territory. He was instrumental in
having placed in the famous ordinance the now oft-quoted

as
Ohio University.
5
“religion, morality, and knowledge" doctrine. Two weeks later
lie had completed his negotiations for the purchase of land for
the Ohio Company of Associates. He insisted that there should
be a donation of land within the purchase for the endowment
of a university. The amount demanded was two townships.
Congress hesitated, whereupon Dr. Cutler at once went to his
room and began to pack his belongings, preparatory for de-
parture. The negotiations were all off as far as he was con-
cerned. Massachusetts would sell him land, up in what is
now Maine. This brought the committee to time. The bargain
was struck. Congress ordered the Board of Treasury to enter
into a contract.
“Not more than two complete townships to be given per-
petually for the purposes of an university, to be laid off by
the purchaser or purchasers, as near the center as may be (so
that the same shall be of good land) to be applied to the in-
tended object by the Legislature of the state (July 23, 1787).”
The Ohio University for which the above recommendations
were made thus becomes the recipient of the first endowment
of land for higher education by the National Government. It is
true that this idea of Congressional endowments did not originate
with Dr. Cutler.
In June, 1783, Colonel Bland, a Delegate in Congress from
Virginia, in a resolution touching Western Lands, had pro-
posed to utilize the income of certain of the lands for "founding
seminaries of learning.” In the same year Timothy Pickering
had given utterance to a similar idea.
As no immediate results came from these proposals they
are only interesting and important in showing the trend of
opinion of the times. The credit of working out the details
and the honor of securing the "college grant” belong without
doubt to Dr. Cutler.
A further concession was demanded in the letter of the
Ohio Company to the Board of Treasury, under date of July
26, 1787. The land was taken in parcels and to be paid for
in installments. In the event that some parts might not be
taken up there might be some question as to the location of
6
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
the college lands and even if they should be entitled to them
or not; whereupon the Company of Associates requested:
“The lands assigned for the establishment of an university
to be as nearly as possible in the center of the first million
and a half of acres we shall pay for; for to fix it in the center

PRESIDENT ALSTON ELLIS.
of the proposed purchase might too long defer the establish-
ment."
This request was accepted for it was a feature in the con-
tract between the Ohio Company of Associates and the Board
of Treasury entered into October 27, 1787.
Ohio University.
7
“And also reserving out of the said tract so to be granted,
two complete townships to be given perpetually for the pur-
poses of an university, to be laid off by the said parties of the
second part, their heirs or assigns, as near the center as may
be, so the same shall be of good land to be applied to the in-
tended object in such manner as the Legislature of the state
wherein the said township shall fall, or may be situated, shall
or may think proper to direct." Patents for the lands con-
tracted for were duly issued and work of settlement was begun.
The settlement of the Northwest Territory affords a unique
example in state building, when New England pioneers 750
miles away from where they were going to make their homes,
in a wild and unbroken country, declare that the establishment
of a higher institution of learning shall be co-eval with the
establishment of civil law.
That the university was the essential feature of the new
commonwealth and was used as a means of influencing prospect-
ive settlers in the selection of their homes is seen in a French
pamphlet, published in Paris, 1782. It was used by the Scioto
Company to induce emigrants to come to Ohio. The pamphlet
from which the following is a translation was brought to
America by one of the Gallipolis pioneers.
"The measures which have been taken by the act of Congress,
providing for the disposition of the lands west of the Ohio as far
down as the Scioto for the establishment and maintenance of schools,
and of a University shed an especial lustre on these settlements
and inspire the hope that by the particular attention which has been
given to education, the fields of science will be extended, and that the
means of acquiring useful knowledge will be placed on a more respectful
footing in this country than in any other part of the world. Without
speaking of the advantages of discovering in this new country species
hitherto unknown in natural history, botany, and medical science, it cannot
be questioned that in no other part of the habitable globe can there be
found a spot where, in order to begin well, there will not be found
much evil to extirpate, bad customs to combat, and ancient systems to
reform. Here there is no rubbish to clear away before laying foun-
dations. The first commencement of this settlement will be undertaker
by persons inspired with the noblest sentiments, versed in the most
necessary branches of knowledge, acquainted with the world and with
affairs, as well as with every branch of science. If they shall be so for-
tunate as to have at first the means of founding on an advantageous
8
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
plan these schools and this University, and of sustaining them in such
a manner that the professors may be able to commence without delay the
different labors to which they may be called, they will, in the infancy of
the colony, have secured to themselves advantages which will be found
nowhere else.”
a
a
a
That was
a great day, December 3, 1787, when there
gathered in the streets of Ipswich, Mass., the colonists bound
for the Ohio. The leader of this band of pioneers was Rufus
Putnam, who is well-styled the “Father of Ohio." Four and
half months later the
“Second Mayflower” grated
its keel on the pebbly shore
of the Muskingum and Gen-
eral Rufus Putnam alighted
on the virgin Ohio soil with
a commission from the Na-
tional Government to estab-
lish "an university in this
wilderness.”
Dr. Cutler never became
resident of the colony,
but from his Massachusetts
home he continued to take
an interest in and direct its
operation as is shown by
RUFUS PUTNAM.
the correspondence between
him and General Putnam
He visited the settlement in the summer of 1788. We find in his
diary of the date, September 3d, of that year, how he and Gen-
eral Putnam had crossed the Muskingum to Fort Harmar and in
company with Dr. Scott, they climbed “the high hill north-west
of the Fort and west of the city. Fine prospect. Some excellent
land; fine rock for building; and it is proposed that the univer-
sity should be on this hill.”
There is now an interregnum of several years in which
no definite steps are being taken for the establishment of the
university. The Western country was in the midst of a des-
perate Indian war. The Indian edict had gone forth that "no


Ohio University.
9
white man shall plant corn in the Ohio country.” A year
after
the Marietta settlement, Governor St. Clair had invited the
Indians to a council at Fort Harmar. But the Miamis and
Shawanese stayed away and the Confederated tribes did not
sanction the treaty. Brant, the great chief of the Six Nations,
was laboring to unite the western tribes into a Confederacy and
the English were supplying
them with ammunition and
aiding them with their
counsel. This was the situ-
ation confronting the Mari-
ettians in less than two
years from their settlement.
Marauding parties of the
savages were everywhere.
The travel down the Ohio
became perilous by reason
of the attacks on the emi-
grants. In the autumn of
1790, General Harmar with
1400 men met with a dis-
astrous defeat.
The news
struck terror to the hearts
of the Mariettians and how
it was increased may well
be imagined when hard on
PROF. H. G. WILLIAMS,
this came across the frozen
Dean Normal College.
snow from Big Bottom, the
escaped, from the terrible massacre at their very doors. The
colony was put into a state of defense and while no depreda-
tions again occurred within the Ohio Company's Purchase there
were constant signs of alarm. St. Clair had met a terrible defeat
a
and not until General Wayne had crushed the Indian power and
consummated it at the Greenville Treaty did the colonists
breathe easier.
“The five years of bloodshed and military campaigns had
a decided tendency to check the growth and development of the

10
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
*
*
Northwest Territory. The able bodied men were taken from the
clearing and the fields.
The women and chil-
dren, with the men who remained at home, were paying more
attention to the block-houses and stockades than to the corn-
fields. Governor St. Clair had promulgated an order that the
practice of assembling for public worship without arms may be
attended with the most serious and melancholy consequences.''
The period of the Indian wars was one of fear and anxiety to
the settlers and we do not wonder that they did not think of
their proposed university. But the clouds of war had hardly
passed before they emerged from their forts and took up the
work where it had left off. A reconnoitering committee was ap-
pointed to locate the college lands. General Putnam remained
the man in authority among the colonists. As surveyor-general
he usually led all reconnoitering expeditions. The records of
the Ohio Company show this entry:
“December 16, 1795.
“The reconnoitering committee having reported that town-
ships number eight and nine in the fourteenth range are most
central in the Ohio Company's purchase, and it being fully
ascertained that the lands are of an excellent quality.
“Resolved, Unanimously that the aforesaid townships num-
ber eight and nine in the fourteenth range be reserved for the
benefit of an university, as expressed in the original contract
with the Board of Treasury."
These townships were surveyed and platted during the
years 1795-96 under the direct supervision of Rufus Putnam,
"who from the first took an ardent interest in the selection of
these lands and the founding of the university. His policy
was to encourage the early settlement of the college lands, make
them attractive and productive, and so begin the formation of
a fund for the institution.”
“These lands," says Ephraim Cutler, "with a large sur-
rounding region, were the most favorite portions of the hunt-
ing ground which the Indians had surrendered in their several
treaties."
According to the same authority, the Indians continued to
Ohio University.
11
return during the hunting season for many years thereafter.
Four years later the Territorial legislature appointed a com-
mittee with Rufus Putnam as its head to "lay off a town plat
with a square for the college.” “The committee was accom-
panied by a surveyor, a number of assistants, and fifteen men
to guard against a possible Indian attack. This was certainly a
strange introduction of the classics into the Northwest. In a
fleet of canoes, propelled by
the power of the setting-
pole against the swift and
narrow channel of the
Great Hock-Hocking, ac-
companied by armed guards
against the lurking savages
and carrying with them
pork, beans, and hard tack
that made up their rough
fare, the committee of old
veterans of three wars pro-
ceeded to fix with compass
and chain the boundaries of
the university lands. There
was little of polish or cul-
ture in the undertaking, but
rifles, canoes, and salt pork
never put to better
Such was the genesis
PROF. EDWIN W. CHUBB,
of the Ohio University.”
Dean Liberal Arts College.
In 1801, Judge Ephriam
,
Cutler stated that the University lands then contained about nine
hundred inhabitants. Still the country was a wilderness. The
campuis was covered with poplar trees and flocks of wild turkeys
were frequent. Dr. Eliphaz Perkins, at whose home the Uni-
versity trustees held their first meeting, took bear meat for his
medical fees and he himself met bruin one day wandering over
the campus inspecting the site of the proposed institution of
higher learning. Although not on the ground, Dr. Cutler was
still the prime mover in the establishment of the University. The

were
use.
12
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
over
correspondence between him and Rufus Putnam at this time
shows the deep interest he felt in having the college start off
right. In a letter dated February 3, 1799, General Putnam gives
some data as to the condition of affairs: that the University
townships (now Athens and Alexander in Athens county) con-
tain the best land in the whole of the Ohio Company's Purchase;
that settlers mostly of the New England stock are rapidly fill-
ing them up; that a militia has been organized; that none of the
settlers expect to occupy the land rent free for more than five
years; then at an appraised
value of twelve dollars per
hundred acres; and the an-
nual revenue to the Uni-
versity would be
$5,000.00
Dr. Cutler, under date of
July 15, 1799, replied in
substance, that he wished to
build the University on a
broad basis, since it was
necessary to look forward
to a time when the Western
Territory would be in a dif-
ferent state from what it
then was, that he had ex-
amined into the charters of
HENRY W. ELSON,
seminaries in both Europe
Professor of History.
and America, but none ap-
peared to accord with a
plan so “liberal and extensive as I think ought to be the foun-
dation of the Constitution of this University.” The educational
institutions of this country, however, offered to him more, and
he finally modeled it after Harvard and Yale, more particularly
the latter, of which he was an alumnus. Upon receipt of this
letter General Putnam again wrote to his friend asking for some
definite plan. We are totally destitute of any copy of an in-
corporating act, or charter of a college or even an academy. I
want you to make one out in detail, or procure it done for

Ohio University.
13
us, and forward it by mail as soon as it is ready.” In response
Dr. Cutler prepared and forwarded to General Putnam a Char-
ter of University, accompanied by a letter discussing the vari-
ous articles of the instrument. The University was to be called
the American University since the “sound was natural, easy, and
agreeable.” He then discussed the government of the institu-
tion which he admitted was not exactly what he had wanted, but
the best he could offer under the circumstances. The rental of the
college lands seemed to give him considerable anxiety and
properly so, as the later history of the University amply shows. As
to buildings, it would be necessary, in the first instance, to open
a Latin school, for "I conceive it improbable that any youths
can be found in the country qualified for admission as the stud-
ents of the college." "I am under the greatest obligations to you
for the attention you have paid to the subject," writes General
Putnam, in reply, “and if it should not in all respects meet the
approbation of our legislature, it must be of very great advantage
to them in forming an opinion.”
This charter with sundry amendments was duly passed by
the Territorial legislature and approved by Arthur St. Clair, as
Governor, January 9, 1802. General Putnam was authorized
to call a meeting of the corporation. Nothing, however, was
done in the matter. The political excitement of the year doubt-
less had much to do with the negligence. Ohio was trying to get
into the Union and this topic was uppe most in the minds of
everyone and absorbing every other interest. The first legis-
lature of the new state provided for the appraisement of the
college lands, which was done during the summer of 1803. The
following year another act allowed the appraisers compensation
for their services, at the rate of $1.43 per day. On the 18th of
February, 1804, the legislature passed another act "establishing
an university in the town of Athens,” differing in some respects
from the Act of 1802. The corporate name was changed to the
Ohio University. The corporation was to consist of the gov-
ernor of the state and the president of the faculty and a body of
trustees. The act named the trustees and authorized the gov-
ernor to call the first meeting. Thereupon Governor Tiffin set
14
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
the date for Monday, June 4, 1804, and notified the following
gentlemen of their appointment: Judge Elijah Backus, General
Rufus Putnam, Judge Dudley Woodbridge, Rev. Daniel Story,
Rev. James Kilbourne, and Samuel Carpenter.
In obedience to the call, they met at the home of Dr. Eliphaz
Perkins, who lived grandly in a double log house built of yellow
poplar trees, neatly squared. It was two stories high and large
enough to shelter the entire
board of trustees. The upper
story contained very com-
fortable sleeping rooms; the
lower consisted of two large
rooms separated by a hall in
which on pleasant days the
dinner table was spread.
Dr. Perkins had located at
Athens because of the pros-
pective establishment of the
college there — as result
two of his sons, five grand-
sons and two great grand-
sons have been enrolled as
Alumni of the institution.
Governor Tiffin, himself,
was present. He had ridden
EDWARD TIFFIN,
horseback from Chilli-
First Governor of Ohio.
cothe, through the hills of
Vinton county, sixty miles.
Samuel Carpenter came from Lancaster, Rev. James Kil-
bourne from Worthington beyond Columbus, and Rufus
Putnam from Marietta. The roads
The roads were only trails and
there were but occasional pioneer huts to cheer the traveler.
In going across the cliffs and following along winding streams
the lone travelers passed the haunts of the bear, the wolf, and
the panther. It seems incongruous, “These men had traveled
fifty to one hundred miles, by blind paths or Indian trails through
dense forests inhabited by wild animals, to this embryo village,

-
a
on
Ohio University.
15
for the purpose of establishing an institution of learning.”
(Walker's History of Athens County.)
It may be well to glance at the personnel of the board to
learn what manner of men these were. Governor Tiffin and
Rufus Putnam are so well known that to mention their names
is all that is necessary. Judge Backus was a graduate of Yale
as was also Judge Woodridge. The Rev. Daniel Story was a
graduate of Dartmouth. Rev. James Kilbourne was the first
settler at Worthington, Ohio. Dr. Perkins, while not a trustee
of the University but very influential in its establishment, was
likewise a Yale graduate. It is interesting to note that five of
these men were college graduates.
“This first session of the board lasted three days and was
principally spent in arranging for the appraisal and leasing of
the college lands. Since the surveying of these townships in
1795, numbers of new settlers had come in and occupied the
lands. Some of these were rough and determined characters,
and were bent on maintaining possession. To adjust these cases,
settle disputed titles, etc., required patience, tact, and wisdom.
The parties had either to be mollified and induced to come to
terms, or be ejected from their lands. The first business of
the board was to adjust the claims of conflicting parties, secure
titles, and protect the corporation in its rights.” (Walker's His-
tory of Athens County.)
Governor Tiffin in his message to the Legislature, December
4, 1804, called attention to what had been done and recommended
a more liberal policy to the lessees of the land, in order to in-
duce more rapid settlement that the institution might be im-
mediately profited. The legislature responded with an act pro-
viding for the appraisement of the lands at not less than $1.75
per acre and the leasing of them for a period of ninety-nine
years, renewable forever. The second meeting of the board
of trustees was called for November 20, 1805, but no quorum
present, they adjourned.
adjourned. The third meeting was held April
2, 1806. The long intervals between the sessions of the board
were spent in surveying and leasing lands and in collecting
rents. The trials of this period were many. Squatters had to
be ejected. Money was scarce and rents were hard to collect.
16
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
At the meeting of 1806 it was decided that sufficient money
had been collected to construct a house. Before the close of
the year, plans were accepted, and contracts were let. The
building was two stories high, twenty by thirty feet, built of
brick, and stood on the east side of the campus.
March 2, 1808, the Rev. Jacob Lindley, Dr. Perkins, and
Rufus Putnam were appointed a committee to report a system
"for opening the academy, providing a preceptor, and conduct-
ing that branch of the Ohio University.” The course of study
as laid down included the
English, Latin, and Greek
languages, mathematics, rhet-
oric, logic, geography, natur-
al, and moral philosophy.
Rev. Lindley, a Princeton
graduate, became the faculty
and advertisements were
made that the new school was
in readiness. On “registra-
.
tion day" three young men
applied for admission — John
-
Perkins, Brewster Higley,
and Joel Abbott. Because of
the scarcity of money, a com-
mittee was appointed to re-
ceive hemp, beef, and pork,
to market it, and to turn the
THOMAS EWING.
proceeds into
the college
treasury. “Then might be
seen the farmers bringing in the produce. As there were no scales
in the town a committee of citizens was appointed to adjust dif-
ferences between the lessee and the treasurer, should they not
agree about the weight of the merchandise.” It might be in-
teresting to note who some of the trustees were in these early
days of the infant college. A glance suffices to show many
names of able men, noted for their ability and wise counsel.
Among these might be mentioned Judge Silvanus Ames; Dr.
Leonard Jewett, a graduate of the Boston Medical College;

Ohio University.
17
Judge Elijah Hatch, for nine terms a state representative; Hon.
Charles R. Sherman, father of John Sherman and General W.
T. Sherman; Governor Thomas Worthington; Dr. S. P. Hil-
dreth; Rev. James Hoge; Hon. Thomas Ewing; and Hon. Cal-
vary Morris.
During these beginning years the growth was necessarily
slow, but the college grew steadily in favor with the citizenship
of the state. Globes, books, and apparatus were purchased and
the attendance was very gratifying. In 1810 the laws of Prince-
ton were adopted as the governing code and a course of study
was formulated upon the completion of which the student was
to receive the degree of bachelor of arts. The curriculum
adopted compared favorably with the best eastern schools. In
those strenuous days the trustees would meet for deliberation
at five o'clock in the morning. The students would assemble
for morning prayers at sunrise.
It was in December, 1809, that Thomas Ewing came to the
Ohio University after his appetite for knowledge had been
whetted to a keen edge by the now famous “Coon-Skin Library.”
He had just returned from the Kanawha Salines where he had
earned enouglı money to keep him in school for three months
"by way of testing my capacity. I left in the spring with a
sufficiently high opinion of myself, and returned to Kanawha
to earn money to complete my education. I went to Kanawlia
the third year, and after a severe summer's labor I returned
home with about six hundred dollars in money, but sick and ex-
hausted. Instead, however, of sending for a physician, I got
Don Quixote, a recent purchase, from the library, and laughed
myself well in about ten days. I then went to Athens, enteret
as a regular student, and continued my studies there till the
spring of 1815 when I left, a pretty good though an irregular
scholar.”
May 3, 1815, the committee appointed by the board of
trustees, to examine Thomas Ewing and John Hunter, candi-
dates for a degree of bachelor of arts and sciences, beg leave
to report:
“That they have examined the applicants aforesaid in the
different branches,
and that they have witnessed
*
* *
*
18
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
*
*
with much gratification the proficiency made by the before-named
students.
“That the said Thomas Ewing and John Hunter merit the
approbation of the board of trustees, and that they are each
entitled to a degree of bachelor of arts and sciences.”
Then followed the first Commencement exercises in the
Northwest Territory, at which Hunter gave the salutatory and
Ewing the valedictory. Hunter died the next year; fifteen years
later Ewing was in the United States Senate.
Three years before the
board of trustees felt that a
new college building was
necessary
Accordingly a
three-story brick substan-
tially built and fairly equip-
ped with library and appa-
ratus was ready for occu-
pancy in 1817. This edifice
although repaired in 1887,
is still standing in the cen-
ter of the campus and is the
oldest college building
northwest of the Ohio. It
was erected at
a cost of
about $17,000.
Increase in student at-
tendance and new
build-
GOVERNOR JOHN BROUGH.
ings necessitated additional
teaching force. In 1812 an
assistant had been employed.
employed. Six years later, Joseph Dana, a
Dartmouth graduate, began the teaching of languages. Three
years more Rev. James Irvine, a graduate of Union College, took
the chair of mathematics. A principal was selected for the
academy and a librarian employed. Later Professor Irvine was
elected the President of the University but ill health prevented
him from entering upon his duties and Rev. Dr. Robert G. Wil-
son, a Presbyterian clergyman, of Chillicothe, Ohio, was the
wise choice of the trustees. Dr. Wilson was a South Carolinian

Ohio University.
19
2
by birth. As a boy he had known John C. Calhoun, had re-
ceived his academic education in the same academy in which
Andrew Jackson had been educated, and had graduated with
James Buchanan at Dickinson College. Princeton University
had conferred upon him the doctorate. He was inaugurated to
the presidency of the University August II, 1824. The cere-
mony occurred beneath a bower of green leaves erected upon
the college green. In one end of the bower was a high seat; to
this place of honor he was escorted by Governor Jeremiah
Morrow and Judge Ephraim
Cutler. The latter, on de-
livering the keys and charter
of the institution to the
president, said:
“The motives which gov-
erned the founders of this
university in making the mu-
nificent donation from which
its permanent revenues are
derived, were so deeply in-
teresting as to impose upon
those to whose charge it shall
be committed duties of no
ordinary character
the trustees have now,
the opportunity of delivering
over their keys and charter
PRESIDENT REV. ROBERT G. WILSON.
to one in whom they, and the
public, have the highest con-
fidence. That the merciful God, who has hitherto been
pleased to smile on the efforts to disseminate light and know-
ledge, may aid and support in the arduous duties this day as-
signed you will be the fervent prayer of the trustees.'
The beginning of Dr. Wilson's incumbency of the Presi-
dency marks the beginning of a new era of the University.
From this period may be dated its complete working system and
large usefulness. Literary societies were in full blast; the nuclei
of three libraries had been formed and a museum begun. The

*
*
*
* * *
20
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
pecuniary embarrassments of the institution had been overcome,
without resorting to the lottery, that had been contem-
plated and for which the state legislature had given its sanction
in 1817. A new building, the finest of its kind, a new president,
and a strong faculty, with a rapidly growing new country, all
conspired to make the town of Athens an educational mecca
for this western country. The Ohio University for twenty years
took precedence over many other colleges. From the time
Thomas Ewing went forth as one of the two first graduates,
the college maintained a standard of excellence second to none
in the country. At the trustees' meeting held April 17, 1823,
that body had already felicitated
itself upon the position the infant
institution had taken in the ranks
of colleges.
"It is a subject of peculiar grati-
fication that the standing of this in-
stitution is rapidly rising in the pub-
lic mind. While there are many
other institutions in the State, facts
warrant the conclusion that the
Ohio University has the precedence
in the confidence of the public."
The trustees had ample reason
JOHN T. BRAZEE.
for this burst of self-laudation.
Every part of the State was repre-
sented in the student body. The Reed boys came from a farm
near Urbana, a distance of one hundred and fifty miles. There
were in the family seven boys and the father desiring to give
them the best educational advantages within reach, selected the
Ohio University. But their help was needed in both the spring
and the fall on the farm, so they had to journey back and forth
at these seasons. The journey was made in a two-horse carriage
and it took three days to make the trip each way. The father
took his boys back and forth one-hundred and twenty times. In
all he traveled eighteen thousand miles or a distance equal to
three-fourths around the globe. Of course it paid. Daniel, the
eldest, who graduated in 1824, was for years a member of the

Ohio University.
21
faculty of his Alma Mater. Then he became a college president.
Three became successful lawyers and one of these a Judge of the
Supreme Court of Ohio. Two became physicians and the seventh
was shot while commanding a vessel in running the blockade in
the Mississippi during the Civil War.
John T. Brazee arrived in Athens July 5, 1819, after walking
sixty miles from Chillicothe. Graduating in the class of 1824,
he became a member of the Lancaster bar, which at that time
boasted of such legal lights as Ewing, Stanbery, and Hocking
H. Hunter, and where he took first rank among his colleagues.
Here, too, came Samuel Bigger, who became Governor of In-
diana in 1840. Charles C. Convers
of Zanesville, graduated in 1829,
and when he died was a member
of the Supreme Court of Ohio.
Charles T. Sherman, another Lan-
caster boy in the class of 1830, be-
came a Federal Judge. Cary A.
Trimble became a noted surgeon and
served two terms in the United
States House of Representatives.
George W. Summers, a son of the
old Dominion, represented his state
in the National House. Lucius
BISHOP E. R. AMES.
Verus Bierce was commander-in-
-
chief of the Canadian Patriots in the
Canadian rebellion of 1838.
Among the noted divines who passed out of the University
in these days, Bishop Ames and Lorenzo Dow McCabe of the
Methodist Church are worthy of mention. These, too, are the
days of “rough” John Brough of Marietta who “stuck” type for
a living, kicked the foot-ball over Center Building for recreation,
fell in love with his wife as an avocation, and at the same time
succeeded in laying the educational foundation for his subsequent
political career that finally made him one of the “War Gov-
ernors" of Ohio.
This period of development continued without abatement
reaching its high water mark in the days of the great William

22
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
H. McGufiey, who succeeded President Wilson in 1839. The
future of the college never seemed so bright. Two additional
buildings known as the “East Wing" and the “West Wing” were
completed in 1837 and 1839 respectively. The name of McGuffey
was a household word in the western country and he drew
students to him in great numbers. It was during his term that
the magnificent row of elms facing the campus was planted,
which are still known as the “McGuffey Elms”. The time for
the re-appraisal of the college lands was drawing near, which
would materially increase
the revenue of the college.
The very atmosphere
seemed full of the proph-
ecy of a better day soon
to be ushered in, when the
dreams of the founders
would more nearly be real-
ized. Such was the prom-
ise when William H. Mc-
Guffey became President.
The hopes of the friends
of the institution
destined, however, to re-
ceive a severe shock. It is
no credit to the lessees of
these college lands that
PRESIDENT WM. H. MCGUFFEY.
they opposed their re-ap-
praisement and it is to the
less credit of the state legislature that it should have been in col-
lusion to defraud the University of its patrimony.
These days ushered in the “Dark Ages” of the University.
'It is not a pleasant chapter to write and no friend of the Ohio
University can read it without a feeling that Governor Tiffin
acted unwisely in opening a loop-hole through which the holders
of the lands might get the ear of the legislature, that, in the
language of James A. Garfield, acted with "an unfortunate exer-
cise of power without right.” This adverse legislation was
enacted March 10, 1843. In 1861 the trustees of the University

were
Ohio University.
23
as
petitioned the legislature for relief and a Senate Committee, of
which Mr. Garfield was Chairman, made a finding in favor of
thc memorialists and in so doing reviewed fully but briefly
the entire series of litigation and legislation. To make it clear
there is no better method than to quote in part from this report.
.
"From the earliest legislation on this subject, it seems to
have been the well settled opinion of the representatives of the
Territorial and State Legislatures, and of all other parties in
interest, that these two townships should, according to the intent
of
the grantor, be perpetually held by
the state,
trustee for the purposes of
the University, and that in-
come for the support of the
institution should be derived
from the rents or uses of
said land.
The Act
of February 18, 1804, was
passed for leasing, in appro-
priate lots or tracts, all the
lands in the townships, eight
and nine aforesaid, with a
reserved rent annually, pay-
able upon their appraised
value, and with a condition
and stipulation that such
tract should be subject to
SAMUEL BIGGER.
revaluation at the end of
thirty-five, sixty, and ninety years, and with the like rent of six
per cent. upon such new valuations to be paid by the lease-holá-
And in the nature of an immunity to the lease-holders, in
reference to the first and all subsequent appraisements, and with
a view to increased rents to inure to the University by rendering
the lands more valuable and desirable to the occupants, it was
provided that the lands with the buildings which may be erected
thereon shall forever be exempted from all state taxes.'
“This act, in its main and essential features, has remained
in force until the act of March 10, 1843, (which) provides in

ers.
ور
24
Ohio Arch. and Flist. Society Publications.
ور
substance that all the lands aforesaid should be forever exempt
from any and all appraisement. The language of it is peculiar."
"Previous to this adverse legislation the lessees brought a
suit in chancery in the Supreme Court of this state enjoining the
Ohio University from re-appraising said lands. The Court unan-
imously decided in favor of the defendants.
"Upon investigation of the subject, your committee have
become well satisfied that the memorialists have presented a fair
case, entitling them to redress at the hands of the legislature
of this state; that the act of
March 10, 1843, gives evi-
dence of power without
right; that it is unjust to the
Ohio University, unjust to
the donors of the endow-
ment, and unjust to the
character and the honor of
the state, in her relation to
both of the other parties
and to herself.”
The failure of the trus-
tees to increase the revenue
of the college brought its
finances into bad candition.
There was a deficit in 1843
of $13,518.64 which in-
S. S. Cox
creased in the following
year. A number of the fac-
ulty resigned, students began to leave, and President McGuffey,
sick at heart, resigned. For two years longer the struggle
continued under the direction of a faculty committee and then,
in 1845, this old college closed its doors, until such time, three
years it was estimated, the accumulation of the small revenue
might liquidate the debts. This was unfortunate in more ways
than one. It lost the Ohio University some distinguished Alumni,
from among the strong men who had been attracted thither by
President McGuffey, and who now were compelled to go else-
where. Among these might be mentioned the famous “Sun-

Ohio University.
25
set” Cox who had come over from Zanesville. His room was
in the Northwest corner of the second floor of the “West
Wing”. Here until a few years ago when in repairing the
building it was necessary to remove it, could be seen on the
south wall his celebrated painting of the Laocoon Group which
for nearly sixty years was the silent reminder that "Sun-
set” Cox could paint with the brush as well as with words.
The college was again opened for the reception of students

Baking
blue
PAINTING OF THE LAOCOON.
By S. S. Cox.
September 14, 1848, but few appeared. Things had to start
all over again. There was no graduating class until two years
later and for several years thereafter the classes were small.
The Rev. Alfred Ryors, a graduate of Jefferson College, became
the President. He served but four years when he resigned, to
be succeeded by Rev. Solomon Howard, a graduate of Augusta
College, Kentucky.
The following extract from a letter written several years
ago to General Charles H. Grosvenor further illustrates the
26
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
among them
position of Ohio University at this time. It was written by
Theodore W. Tallmadge of Washington City, since deceased.
Mr. Tallmadge was a Freshman at the University during the col-
lege year, 1842-43. It was the last year of William H. McGuffey
as President. On account of the action of the Ohio Legislature,
in denying the re-appraisement of college lands, it was supposed
that the college would suspend immediately, so the students
went elsewhere. Mr. Tallmadge went to Princeton, “Sunset”
.
Cox became a student at
Brown, and others went to
other colleges.
“We had at that time a
large number of students,
probably more in attend-
ance than at any Univer-
sity in the State. The
faculty was of a superior
order, and among
was Mr. Mather, the cele-
brated geologist and
mathenatician. Also the
great classical professors,
Kuhns and Read, highly
cultivated scholars, were
there. The character and
ability of the students
PRESIDENT, REV. ALFRED RYORS.
tallied with the esteem in
which the professors were
held by the community. The public literary entertainments, gen-
erally had in the Presbyterian Church, were of a high order.
We generally had exercises by the Literary
Societies of the College at the termination of the winter
session, just before the spring vacation. In addition were the
Commencement exercises at the end of the scholastic year; often
the students would celebrate the Fourth-of-July by proper exer-
cises, several of them delivering orations and the Declaration of
Independence being read. Many of these students that were my

*
*
Ohio University.
27
companions at that time have become very conspicuous and
influential citizens, not only in the State of Ohio, but in other
states. Among them I might mention John B. Hoge of Rich-
mond, Virginia ; Converse Goddard of Zanesville, Ohio; R. Pat-
terson Effinger of Lancaster, Ohio; Lorenzo D. McCabe and Dr.
Silva of Chillicothe. About twenty per cent. of the students
were from other states and at that time the Ohio University
was patronized very generally by Virginians, as there was no
competing university in that state.
“I suppose that it is gener-
ally known that Jefferson
Davis was at one time a
student at the Ohio Univer-
sity. I am reminded of this
more especially because my
father-in-law, Major An-
drew Parks, of Charleston,
West Virginia, was his
room-mate. During the
War, Major Parks was ar-
rested as a hostage, he hav-
ing been a member of the
seceding convention of his
state whereupon a letter
from him to Jefferson Davis
was the means of his imme-
diate release, because the
PRESIDENT, Rev. SOLOMON HOWARD. other party was at once dis-
charged on parole.”
“You would probably not be interested in any description
of college scrapes during my experience at the University.
will mention some however. At one time some of us of Whig
proclivities, who were at a meeting in one of the nearby villages
at which the anticipated orator did not make his appearance,
pointed out Samuel Sullivan Cox of Zanesville, one of my class-
mates, as a good speaker that would interest the audience and he
made a very acceptable speech.”
Dr. Howard remained at the head of the University for

a
28
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
a
twenty years and during his administration the school regained
much of its former prestige and continued to send out some
splendid men. While it was handicapped ever for money yet
it did its work in a modest, effective way, proving that there
are some things besides buildings and endowments in the mak-
ing of a college.
In speaking of the student body of that period one can not
but be impressed with the earnestness characterizing these young
men. These were the days
of Ben. Butterworth, who
afterward represented his
state so ably in the National
House of Representatives.
College-mates of his were
the two Shiras boys -
George P. who later became
member of the United
States Supreme Court and
Olive Perry, who served
for twenty-one years on the
Federal bench of Iowa.
There were many others
worthy of mention - Pro-
fessor Young, the mathe-
matician and Charles M.
Walker, the journalist,
JUDGE OLIVER PERRY SHIRAS. Joseph C. Corbin, the Afro-
American who became State
Superintendent of Education in Arkansas, Judge Hindman of
West Virginia, Hugh Boyd, the teacher, Charles S. Smart, later
Ohio School Commissioner, Prof. Glenn Adney, Bishops David
H. Moore and Earl Cranson of the Methodist Church, William
H. Scott, afterward President of his alma mater and also of the
Ohio State University, John W. Dowd, William S. Eversole, and
William D. Lash, prominent Ohio School Superintendents, Judge
John L. McMaster, of Indiana, Prof. Russell S. Devol, of Ken-
yon, Thomas C. Iliff, the distinguished missionary to the Mor-
mons, Dr. Phillip Zenner, Prof. D. J. Evans, and President John

Ohio University'.
29
M. Davis of Rio Grande college, and scores of others. The
years immediately succeeding the Civil War were especially noted
for a large student body. Many of the students had laid aside
their books to go to the front and others who had seen service
in the army now felt the need of college training and took advan-
tage of the free tuition offered to ex-soldiers at Ohio University.
These men were of a more mature mind than the ordinary under-
graduates and while they were “back” in many of their scholastic
attainments they in a meas-
ure ma ſe up for this lack
by their earnestness.
It was in this period
that co-education was in-
troduced at Ohio Univer-
sity. Co-education did not
come through the Board
of Trustees, but the “co-
eds" came and demanded
entrance. The first one
arrived, bag and baggage,
and prepared to stay. For
a while she was known as
“Adney's private pupil”
but as usual the women
had their way, the doors
were thrown wide open
PRESIDENT, DR. WM. H. SCOTT. and today Ohio University
would be rather a dreary
place if it were not for the ”co-eds.” The circumstances are as
follows:
Mr. Hugh Boyd, of Athens, was desirous that his sister,
Margaret, should have a college education, but the “ladies'
seminaries” of that time being below what he considered their
standard should be, he and Professor Adney discussed the mat-
ter, and the latter decided to take his friend's sister as a pupil.
It was known, however, that there existed a strong feeling
against women attending the same college as inen, a prejudice
not confined to the towns-people, but the faculty as well, and it

30
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
9
а
a
was thought that if formal application were made, it would
almost certainly be refused. Miss Boyd accordingly took a part
of a term privately for preparation, then entered the Senior grade
Preparatory as a "private pupil.” In the catalogue of that year,
· 1868, her name is entered simply as “M. Boyd.” But the next
year the catalogue stated “Miss Boyd.” The second woman stu-
dent was Miss Boyd's niece, Miss Ella Boyd. Such was the be-
.
ginning of co-education at Ohio University.
Dr. Howard was succeeded in the Presidency of the Uni-
versity by William H. Scott,
of the Class of 1862. The
coming of Dr. Scott as the
head of affairs marks a
new era in the life of the
college. In 1872 matters at
Athens were at a very low
ebb. Only by the persistent
efforts of few loyal
friends was the old school
kept afloat.
Salaries were
low and it was hard to
maintain a faculty. There
was not enough money to
repair the fence to keep the
Cows out of the campus.
President Scott at once be-
gan to battle for the rights
CHARLES S. SMART.
of the university. Almost
the entire period of his term
of office was spent in litigation and appealing to the legislature
for redress, that resulted in reclaiming a part of the institution's
lawful income. Great credit is due this loyal son of the Ohio
University for his fearlessness and firmness in championing her
interests. He left it finally in what, it is affirmed, he thought
to be a moribund condition. But he builded better than he knew.
He planted the seeds of a new life. His administration marks
the Renaissance of the Ohio University. It was the beginning
of a policy that opened the way for a newer day to the pioneer

Ohio University.
31
college and which to a great extent fulfills the ambition of its
founder.
Closely associated with President Scott in this contest was
George Washington Boyce, of Cincinnati, who had graduated at
the Ohio University in 1867. We will allow Dr. Scott to de-
scribe what took place.
“In 1873 Mr. Boyce was elected a member of the House of
Representatives of Ohio. He appreciated the honor which the
office conferred and sought to perform all its obligations efficient-
ly and worthily. But noth-
ing connected with it gave
him so much satisfaction as
the opportunity it afforded
him to render important
service to his Alma Mater.
The first act of this service
was the introduction of a
bill which provided that the
state should refund to the
University all the taxes that
she had collected from those
owners of the lease-holds
lands of the University who
had surrendered their leases
and taken deeds in fee sim-
ple, 'with interest on the
same since it was so paid
BISHOP DAVID H. MOORE.
in. The argument for the
measure
short and
clear: The lands belonged to the University by an act of Congress
passed before the state had an existence, and the state that was
to be was made the trustee for the organization of the University
and the administration of its affairs. In the act establishing the
University the state had empowered it to collect a certain rent and
an additional rent equal to the state taxes, and she had herself re-
frained from collecting any tax from the lands as long as they
remained under lease. She thus acknowledged her relations to
be that of a trustee, a relation which forbids the holder to

was
32
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
derive any profit from the trust which he administers. There-
fore, in collecting taxes on such of the lands of the University
as had been changed from a lease hold title to a title in fee
simple, the state had violated her obligation as a trustee. The
force of this reasoning was recognized by the General Assembly,
and the bill passed March 25, 1875.
“But the argument was double-edged. We were met with
the question, 'Why does not the University collect the equal
amount to which it is entitled on those of its lands which still
remain under lease?'. To this no answer could be given, except
that it never had been collected and that the trustees of the
University were loth to arouse the
opposition of the lessees by such
action at so late 'a day. “Very well,
then,' we were told, 'let them be re-
quired to do it;' and it was only on
the assurance that a bill to that ef-
fect would be introduced that some
of the members were induced to
vote for the first bill.
"So Mr. Boyce introduced a sec-
ond bill requiring the trustees of the
University to demand and collect
said rents,' that is, the additional
rent equal to the state taxes.' This
BISHOP EARL CRANSTON.
measure excited warm and deter-
mined opposition among the lessees.
Meetings were held, petitions were circulated, and delegations
were sent to Columbus to work for its defeat. Mr. Boyce was
besieged by argument and appeal and occasional threat. He
received it all with hearty good nature, but stood like a rock.
Indeed, the opposition only roused him to greater zeal. Fully
convinced of the justice of the measure, and fully determined
that the University in its need should receive what was so
clearly its due, he fairly glowed with enthusiasm. His popu-
larity with his fellow-members, his unremitting labor, and his
intense earnestness were the chief factors in the result. The

Ohio University.
33
bill became a law March 30, 1875, and was known thereafter as
the ‘Boyce Law.'
“These two measures added about $3000.00 to the annual
revenues of the University. In the existing condition of the
institution this sum was of itself no mean consideration; but it
was worth far more as a legislative fact, for it opened the way
for other and far greater sums.
"Encouraged by these successes, some of the friends of the
University obtained from the board of trustees a reluctant con-
sent to ask for a direct appropriation from the state; and in
1880 a bill was introduced appropriating $20,000.00 for the re-
pair of the buildings. The campaign
for its passage was notable. Few
had any expectation that it would
ever pass.
Some spoke of it with
derision. Some sneered at it. Nearly
everybody treated it coldly. Few,
even of the trustees, took any active
interest in it, and most of them con-
sidered the effort to secure its pas-
sage a waste of time and of the money
spent for railroad and hotel expenses.
But there were five or six men who
had faith and who proved their faith
by earnest and persistent work; of
JUDGE GEORGE P. SHIRAS. these there was no one who threw
himself into the struggle with so much
eagerness and abandon as Mr. Boyce. He was ready at every
call. He gave his time without stint. He took advantage of
his privileges as a former member of the House, and of his
acquaintance with former members and with the members from
Cincinnati to press the interests of the University. He ex-
tended his acquaintance among the members in order to win
more votes. He headed off opposition. His vigilance, his ardor,
his courage,
his unflagging perseverance made his single presence
a host.
“This bill passed the House in the Spring of 1880; but de-
fore it came to a vote in the Senate, the General Assembly ad-

31
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
journed. During the adjourned session, however, March 21,
IE81, it was passed by the Senate in the face of determined op-
position and by a bare majority. When the long contest was
over and we were at last assured of success, Mr. Boyce was
jubilant. I think I never saw a happier man.'
President Scott was succeeded by Dr. Charles W. Super, a
graduate of Dickinson College. The administration of Presi-
dent Super may well be considered as marking the "newer"
Ohio University. Dr. Super saw a future for the institution.
The entering wedge toward legislative help began to yield re-
sults. The Alumni roll also grew apace. The legislature to
make amends for half a century of neglect began to make direct
appropriations for its support. It has already been noted that
in 1881 the sum of $20,000 had been appropriated for the repair
of buildings. Two years later another sum of $10,000 was voted
for the same purpose. The following year $5,000 for general
support was set aside. The year 1886 indicates still another
recognition; of the $8,000 intended
for the college, $5,000 of it was to
establish a Chair of Pedagogy. This
was a wise move. As has been in-
timated Ohio University in its early
history was noted as a strong teach-
er's college. This phase of her
work was now to be strengthened
by offering distinctly pedagogical
courses. Dr. J. P. Gordy was called
to the Chair of Pedagogy and it was
a wise selection. Students began to
flock, as in the days of McGuffey,
to Athens.
The direct appropriations con-
PRESIDENT, DR. CHARLES
W. SUPER.
tinued to increase year by year.
In
1896 Lords to the amount of $55,000
were voted for the erection of Ewing Hall, now the administra-
tion building. This same year President Super was succeeded by
Dr. Isaac Crook, who managed the affairs of the institution until
1898. Dr. Super again took charge of the institution and in 1901

Ohio University.
35
gave way to Dr. Alston Ellis, who retains the position at this time.
Tlie administration of President Ellis has marked a new and
distinct era in the life of the Ohio University. It ushered in
the Greater Ohio University, President Ellis with lii: kung
experience as a public school and college man has made a dis-
tinct impression on the policy of the institution, in the way of
new and better things. This decade has witnessed the expendi
ture of more money by the State of Ohio on this pioneer col
lege than in the whole century of its history. In 1900 there
were five buildings on the campus.
.
Now there are twelve.
Then there was a faculty of twenty-two, now there are sixty-
seven. Then there was a yearly enrollment of four hundred
students, now there is one of fifteen hundred. The whole
amount expended by the state in the way of permanent im-
provements and maintenance
in this period is over a mil-
lion and a quarter dollars.
The coming of the State
Normal College to the Ohio
University was distinct
gain to the institution.
Whatever opinions may ex-
ist as to the placing of a
professional school for
teachers alongside of
Liberal Arts College, there
is but one, when the experi-
of Ohio University
along this line is considered.
The idea that a Normal Col-
lege deteriorates a Liberal
Arts College has been ex-
ploded at Athens. There is
PRESIDENT, REV. ISAAC CROOK. no more reason why these
two colleges can not be co-
ordinate than there is to say that a law school or agricultural
college can not be connected within the same university.
The Normal College of Ohio University was establishe 1 bv

a
a
ence
36
Ohio Arch. and Hist. Society Publications.
statute March 12, 1902. The state levies by taxation one and
one-half one hundredths of one mill upon every dollar of taxable
property of the state for its support. This yields about thirty-
three thousand dollars annually. The law that has meant more
to the Ohio University is the one passed April 1906, in which
the State of Ohio, outlined its policy regarding the institution.
It placed it among the wards of the state and thus retrieved it-
self for the years of neglect. No friend of the old college has
any reason to complain of the recent action of the state. The
state as trustee is doing well by its ward and the college is doing
well by the people of the state. Today its work is more nearly
akin to what its founders wished it to be than ever before. Its
field of usefulness is found in its College of Liberal Arts, the
State Normal College, the College of Music, the School of
Commerce, the Electrical and Civil Engineering Departments,
and the State Preparatory School.
Ohio University has long been
recognized and rightly too as the
“poor boys' school.” The authori-
ties maintain with show of evidence
that any young man or woman can
graduate here with less expenditure
of money than in any college in
Ohio. The graduates of the Ohio
University are admitted without
question into the larger institutions
of the country. She has now rep-
resentatives doing graduate work
and holding fellowships in Harvard,
Clark, Chicago, Cornell, and Johns
Hopkins.
C. L. MARTZOLFF,
The relationship existing between
Alumni and Field Secretary.
“town and gown" has always been
the most aimable. In Athens the
college is the big thing. Social life centers about the campus.
The citizens of the town are interested in their historical old
school, and as a result the students are invited into the best

Olio University.
37
>
homes. There are no saloons and the college authorities, the
faculty, students, and their friends helped to bring this about.
This, in brief, is the story of the pioneer college of the
central west. We have seen its origin, a gift from the national
government, its growth, and its period of the “dark ages.” But it
has had its renaissance. So that in 1904, when its centennial was
celebrated, its sons and daughters from the East and the West,
the North and South, and even from beyond the seas gath-
ered beneath the "old beech” that was standing when the bell
first rang for classes at the opening of the last century. Here,
too, they gazed at the row of seventeen elms planted by the
hands of the great McGuffey, and wandered through the cor-
ridors of the old buildings that had sheltered them, and thou-
sands of others through the lapse of the century, and all stood
beneath the trees and sang the praises of “Old O. U.”

MONUMENT SOCARE, SHOWING MCGUFFEY LMS.
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3 9015 07324 4611

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