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S R
4/o 7
, S 4 5 /
EXOTI C B O TA NY:
COLOURED FIGURES,
SCIENTIFIC IDESCRIPTIONS,
NEW, BEAUTIFUL, OR RARE PLANTS
AS ARE WORTHY OF CULTIVATION IN THE
GARDENS OF BRITAIN ;
WITH -
REM A R K S ON THEIR QUALITIES, HISTORY, AND
REQUIS IT E MO DES OF TREATMENT.
•
-
B Y " '
JAMES EDWARD SMITH, M. D. F.R.S. &c. &c.
PRESIDENT OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY.
THE FIG URES BY
J AM ES SO W E R B Y, F. L. S.
HONORARY MEMBER OF THE PHYSICAL society of Göttin GEN.
—-º-º-
“Another Flora there, of bolder hues,
And richer sweets, beyond our garden pride,
Plays o'er the fields, and showers with sudden hand
Exuberant spring.” Thomson.
w
–º-
- VOL. I.
L ON DO N :
PRINTED by R. TAYLoR AND Co., BLAck HoRSE CourT, FLEET STREET; ,
º - - -
And sold by JAMEs. Sowerby, at No. 2, Mead Place, Lambeth; by
J. WHITE, Fleet-Street; Johnson, St. Paul's Church-yard;
Symonds, Pater-noster-row; and by all Booksellers.
-º-º: "—
MDCCCIV.



S&
407
5 tº 6"/
V, I
TO
WILLIAM ROSCOE, ESQ. F.L.S.
I, IV E R POOL.
Dear Sir,
WHEN, in your delightful retirement at
Allerton, I felt transported to the villa of your own
Lorenzo, I was agreeably surprised to find how large
a portion of your attention Scientific Botany had
shared, amid your ardent devotion to the Historic
Muse. Let me thus remind you of that time, so
grateful to my recollection, and which, if I may judge
by subsequent transactions, you do not wish to forget.
Long had I been anarious to know the Historian of the
Medici, but I now wish far more to cultivate and pre-
serve the regard of a Roscoe.
Allow me to subscribe myself,
Dear Sir, -
Your obliged and affectionate friend,
J. E. SMITH.


Geº,
ºst-, Gaºrd.
Sctºr
\- 1 - 25
\o & \ {
Q. C.
P. R. E. F. A. C. E.
Several periodical publications, illustrative of
exotic plants, have been at different times under-
taken in this country, and some have been con-
in upon us.
tinued with great success; yet none of them can
keep pace with the botanical riches daily flowing
The chief aim of the present undertaking is not
to cooperate with those publications which only
describe the plants actually blossoming in the
English gardens; still less is it to interfere or con-
tend with such pleasing and useful works.
rather be the object of our labours to introduce to
It will
the curious cultivator plants worthy of his acqui-
sition from all parts of the globe, and to teach
those who have correspondents abroad what to
inquire for. Some opportunities also may fall in
our way of making known the flowers of plants,
which have long been cultivated among us with-
º *** *
out producing fructification. Hence it will ap-
--
pear how far they are worthy of that continued
º º º º

vi PRE FA C E.
attention, which they have as yet so ill repaid.
Yet these are not our only intentions. Any new
or rare plants; any which have not been hitherto
well delineated in their native colours; in short,
any thing worthy to gratify the botanical taste now
so prevalent, will be the object of this work.
For abundance of most interesting materials we
can be at no loss. Not only the stores which
Mr. Sowerby and myself have been from time
to time accumulating, and which we have hi-
therto found no successful mode of publishing,
but many other treasures are at our command.
Mr. Lambert has most liberally intrusted to us
his collection of New Holland sketches, all the
original specimens of which, chiefly collected by
Dr. White at Port Jackson, have long been in my
herbarium. Captain Hardwicke, so well known
by his interesting travels in India, unsolicited and
without reserve has offered me the use of his im-
mense collection of botanical drawings, the most
accurate and beautiful ever brought to England.
Above all, Sir Joseph Banks, with that liberality
-- - ... ºf . ---
- º - * . º -- .#
which no one has more constantly witnessed in
º º - º º º --- -
him than myself, has freely offered, out of the
- - sº, tº
º ---- ºf . . . , , ºo,
abundance of his riches, any thing which may be

PR. E. FA C E . vii
desirable for this publication, and for which he has
no other particular destination. The favours of
various friends besides, will be mentioned in the
course of the work.
In the descriptions I shall endeavour to recon-
sider all that has been done before, and to define
new objects with precision. The language will be
entirely English, progressively altered or improved
by the naturalization of any words that experience
may show to be eligible. Some terms which in
the progress of our English Botany have scarcely
become perfectly naturalized, may in this work
entirely lay aside their Latin construction. Of
Mr. Sowerby's abilities for his share of the task it
would be improper, as well as superfluous, to ex-
press any thing here; but it would be ungrateful
in me not to say that, after so man y years' expe-
rience, I enter on a new work, assisted by his
pencil, with the most perfect confidence and satis-
faction.
- J. E. SMITH.
Norwich,
Dec. 1, 1804.

º
º
º
º
º



TAB. 1.
H U M E A elegans.
Rose-coloured IIumea.
SYNGENESIA Polygamia-aequalis.
Receptacle minute, glandular. Down none. Calyx loosely
imbricated, membranous, pointless. Florets about 3, tu-
bular. Antheras awned.
—-ºs-
SPECIMENs of this elegant plant have long since been sent to
England from the neighbourhood of Port Jackson, New South
Wales; but its appearance was altogether so new and extraordinary,
that no botanist could determine its genus, or even its natural
order. Its proper class in the Linnaean System was not suspected
till the summer of 1804, when Lady Hume fortunately had several
plants blossom in her choice collection at Wormleybury, Herts,
from seeds communicated by the Right Honourable Sir Joseph
Banks. The beauty of its wide-spreading drooping panicle, and
innumerable shining rose-coloured flowers, which sometimes vary
to white, render this plant a great acquisition to the Green-House,
in which it succeeds without any peculiar attention. It is moreover
desirable for its fragrance, which, though much too strong in the
leaves, partakes, in the panicle, of the odour of the Hautboy Straw-
berry, with some resemblance to the Red Cedar wood. The flowers
begin to expand in July, and continue through the autumn. The
root is probably annual ; but this point remains, as yet, undecided.
The stem is herbaceous, round, filled with spongy pith, rough
(like the leaves) with short rigid viscid pubescence. Leaves alter-
nate, sessile, lanceolate, acute, slightly waved at their edges, and
clasping the stem by their heart-shaped base. The upper ones gra-
dually diminish into bracteas. Panicle drooping, very much branched,
composed of innumerable scattered alternate drooping flowers on
capillary stalks. Each stalk is accompanied by a small bractea atº
its base, and clothed with alternate, loosely imbricated, membranous
scales, of a shining rose-colour, with a green rib or keel. * These
scales are gradually larger towards the flower; and the uppermost,


2
º---
which are much the largest, constitute the calyx, containing 2 or
3 florets. The receptacle is small, glandular, but destitute of scales
or bristles. Florets regular, tubular, all perfect and fertile; their
tube cylindrical, glandular; limb campanulate, purplish, with 5
equal revolute segments. Antheras 5, united, crowned with 5
sharp points. Germen oblong, glandular. Style cloven. Stigmas
spreading, capitate. Seed oblong, without any crown or wing.
This genus should be placed near Eupatorium in the Linnaean
System. It is unquestionably distinct from all hitherto described.
We have named it after the accomplished Lady to whom we are
obliged for its introduction, and who, for her botanical taste and
knowledge, as well as the number of new plants she has introduced
into England, and which she is always in the most liberal manner
disposed to communicate, well deserves such a compliment.
Tab. 1. exhibits a part of the panicle, with a leaf, of the natural
size. A magnified calyx and floret, with a more enlarged dissected
floret, are subjoined,





|
| -
|
|
Q/ . º,
ºr 2 ºz. zºº º Zºº ſº. Zºº.

- 2 . - -

3
TAB. 2, 3.
DILLEN IA speciosa.
Great Dillenia.
POLY ANDRIA Polygynia.
Calyx inferior, of 5 coriaceous permanent leaves. Petals 5.
Capsules several, compressed, many-seeded, ranged circu-
larly round a pulpy receptacle.
Leaves elliptic-oblong, simply serrated. Flowers solitary.
Stigmas lanceolate.
Dillenia speciosa. Thunb. Tr. of Linn. Soc. v. 1. 200.
JWillden. Sp. Pl. v. 2. 1251.
D. indica. Linn. Sp. Pl. 745.
Syalita. Rheed. Malab. v. 2. 39. t. 38, 39.
OF all the tropical trees this is one of the most magnificent.
Rheede informs us that it rises in the woods of Malabar, where it
is very frequent, to the height of 40 or 50 feet, with an extremely
thick stem, covered with a thick scaly bark, which when wounded
discharges great abundance of an astringent watery fluid. It ripens
fruit in December and January, beginning to bear about the fourth
year of its age, and continuing in vigour for fifty years or more.
Linnaeus derived his knowledge of this plant entirely, perhaps, from
the excellent figure and description in the writer just quoted; for he
never possessed, nor probably ever saw, a specimen, except what
grew from seed in the garden of Cliffort, and scarcely survived three
weeks. This however gave him an opportunity of introducing it
as a new genus into his Hortus Cliffortianus, and of complimenting
the celebrated Dillenius with its name. No subsequent writer has
contributed any new information respecting it.
Some years ago Dr. Roxburgh, at my particular request, favoured
me with excellent dried specimens, along with the fruit in spirits,
and the same gentleman has sent Lady Hume a fine young tree of
this species, which is now in a very thriving state. It is presumed

4.
to be the first ever brought alive to Europe. For the drawings from
which our figures were taken I am obliged to Captain Hardwicke.
The leaves are crowded about the ends of the branches, on winged
footstalks downy underneath, and are from 4 to 12 inches in length,
oblong, somewhat elliptićal, bluntish, sharply but simply serrated,
with numerous parallel veins, roughish to the touch, but not hairy,
except on the back of the veins. Flowers terminal, solitary, on
simple round stalks, large, handsome, and very fragrant. Calyx of
5 large, concave, coriaceous leaves, which at length become pulpy,
enveloping the capsule, and forming an eatable fruit, which, accord-
ing to Rheede, is too acid to be much used, except mixed with sugar,
broth, or other materials. Petals white, with a tinge of green and
red. Stamens very numerous, yellow, linear, the points of their
antheras recurved and imbricated. Germen superior, roundish,
furrowed, crowned with 20 lanceolate, white stigmas, spreading in
the form of a star. Capsule of 20 cells, containing numerous com-
pressed seeds, fringed on their outer edge, which Rheede seems not
to have seen in a perfect state. All the parts of the flower are per-
manent, and enfolded by the calyx around the capsule.
Tal. 2. shows a flowering branch of the size of life. a is a stamen;
l, germen; c stigmas.
Tal. 3. Ripe calyx, cut across to show the capsule, &c. a seed.



Lºz /zºº, º zºº, Zºº

5
TAB. 4.
BLAND FOR DIA nobilis.
Scarlet Blandfordia.
HEXANDRIA Monogynia.
Corolla inferior, funnel-shaped, straight; its margin in 6 seg-
ments, Filaments inserted into the tube. Capsule with
3 angles, and 3 cells. Seeds imbricated, bristly.
A. NATIVE of Port Jackson, New South Wales, from whence
we have received several drawings and specimens, and we are told
there are living plants in England.
The root is woody and perennial. Leaves all radical, linear-lan-
céolate, acute, entire, smooth, tapering to a narrow base. Stalks
one or more, erect, 2 or 3 feet high, simple, straight, round,
smooth, bearing a few scattered, membranous, pointed scales, and
terminated by a very ornamental upright spike of about a dozen
scarlet flowers, each of which hangs elegantly drooping from a
longish, simple, red partial stalk, at whose base are two unequal,
membranous, concave, pointed, clasping bracteas. As the fruit
ripens, these stalks become erect. Calyx none. Corolla funnel-
shaped, permanent, straight, regularly cloven at the margin into 6
shallow, but little spreading, segments. These are yellow, tipped
with green, the rest of the corolla being of a bright scarlet.
Stamens 6, equal, shorter than the corolla, inserted into its tube
about the middle. Antheras ovate, erect. Germen superior,
stalked, oblong, smooth, with 3 sharp angles and as many inter-
mediate furrows, crowned with a conical style and simple stigma,
which scarcely protrudes beyond the corolla till the fruit begins to
swell. Capsule above thrice as long as the corolla, (which con-
tinues to enfold its base,) shaped like the germen, consisting of 3
valves, and a central receptacle, to which the middle of each valve
is united so as to divide the capsule into 3 cells. Seeds many in
each cell, elliptical, imbricated upwards, fixed to the receptacle, and
very remarkable for being rough with short soft bristles, somewhat
like the seeds of Strelitzia.

6
Mr. Andrews's Blandfordia, named after the present Marquis of
Blandford, being the Galaac of Linnaeus, we have found no name
more worthy to decorate this genus, which belongs to what Lin-
naeus calls the Patrician order of plants, among Jussieu's Asphodeli,
and may stand near Aloe in the Linnaean System.
Tab. 4. a. root. l. flower opened with the enlarging germen.
c, fruit nearly ripe, d. Seed.
º º
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2 - - -
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7
TAB. 5.
GOMPHOLOBIUM grandiflorum.
Large-flowered Air-pod.
DECANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya bell-shaped, simple, in 5 deep segments. Corolla papi-
lionaceous. Stigma simple, acute. Pod inflated, spherical,
of I cell, with many seeds.
Leaves ternate, linear, straight. Branches angular, smooth.
Keel beardless.
Gompholobium. Tr. of Linn. Soc. v. 4. 220.
No account of this genus, except its short character in the Lin-
nean Society’s Transactions above quoted, has hitherto been pub-
lished. Dried specimens of four species from New South Wales are
in our hands, but we know not that any of them are growing in the
gardens of Europe.
G. grandiflorum, remarkable for its showy yellow flowers, is a
shrub 3 feet in height, found in a sandy soil, and flowering in
October. The branches are angular, smooth, leafy. Leaves al-
ternate, 3 on a footstalk, linear, narrow, revolute, entire, smooth,
Very stiff and straight, tipped with a sharp straight point. Stipulas
small. Flowers 2 or 3 at the end of each lateral branch on simple
smooth stalks, with a small concave scaly bractea at the base of
each stalk. Calyx large, coriaceous, smooth, except a fine woolly
fringe at its edge. Standard very large. Wings and keel much
smaller, of two petals each. Stamens all distinct, simple and
smooth, somewhat unequal in length. Germen on a short stalk,
oblong, smooth. Style awl-shaped, simple, with a sharp stigma,
Permanent. Pod globose, rigid, of 2 inflated valves, and 1 cell.
Seeds several, ranged along the upper suture on short stalks.
Tal. 5. a. calyx. b. standard. c. one of the wings. d. keel.
* Stamens. f. germen and style, g, g, pod. H. Seeds somewhat
magnified. -

º/ Z/…) |
Zºº tºº. *&^ea º Zºº /* Zºº. I


9
TAB. 6.
RHODOD ENDRON arboreum.
Indian Tree Rhododendron.
DECANDRIA Monogynia.
Calyx inferior, in 5 divisions. Corolla monopetalous, some-
what funnel-shaped. Stamens declining. Capsule of 5 or
iO cells.
Leaves shining, lanceolate, downy beneath. Clusters terminal.
Capsule of ten cells. Stem arboreous.
-º-
THIS most magnificent new species of Rhododendron was first
noticed by Captain Hardwicke on a tour to Sireenagur in 1796,
growing in the mountainous tract called the Sewalic chain, which
separates the plains of Hindostan, between 75° and 85° east longi-
tude, from the Himmaleh mountains. It is generally found in ele-
vated situations in forests of oak; the soil a rich black vegetable
earth, on a stony bed. It flowers in March and April, and ripens
seed late in May or early in June, a few days before the commence-
ment of the periodical rains. The natives use the wood for making
the stocks of matchlocks, or common musquets of Hindostan. The
provincial name is Boorans.
The stem is columnar, 20 feet or more in height, 16 to 24 inches
in diameter. Bark cracking and scaling off in large portions, light
as Gork, formed of numerous layers 1-48th of an inch thick, con-
nected by a light cellular substance, friable when dry. Branches
scattered, ascending, straggling, crooked and brittle. Leaves at the
Summits of the branches, scattered, on shortish downy footstalks,
ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire, revolute; smooth and of a dark
shining green above; beneath clothed with white dense downiness,
and furnished with a strong rib, and many parallel veins. Clusters
terminal, of from 10 to 15 large pedunculated deep-crimson flowers,
of little fragrance and short duration, spreading in every direction.
Bracteas very small. Calyx permanent, small, five-cleft, obtuse,
reddish at the edge; the two upper segments largest. Corolla with

10
a longish bell-shaped tube, and broad five-lobed border; the lobes
cloven, rounded, the two uppermost largest. Stamens 10, declining,
unequal in length, smooth, inserted into the receptacle, shorter than
the corolla, and falling with it. Antheras oblong, incumbent.
Germen superior, cylindrical, white, downy, with 10 furrows which
receive the stamens. Style thread-shaped, permanent, longer and
thicker than the stamens. Stigma capitate, with 10 notches.
Capsule oblong, of 10 cells, a novel circumstance in this genus.
Seeds numerous, very small, ovate, compressed, smooth, brown.
We are obliged to Captain Hardwicke for the above description
and a drawing, both made on the spot. It is hoped the seeds, which
that gentleman has liberally distributed in England, will enrich our
collections with this noble tree.
a represents a stamen, b the germen and style, c the half-ripe
germen cut across, all of the natural size.


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… " º, , , Zlozºo”.
a.







11
TAT3. 7.
G. L. A U C I U M fulvum.
Orange Horned-Poppy.
POLY ANDRIA Monogynia.
Calyx of 2 leaves. Petals 4. Pod superior, linear,’ of 2
cells and 2 or 3 valves. Seeds numerous, dotted.
Stem smooth. Stem-leaves rounded, waved. Pods rough.
Flowers nearly sessile. -
Chelidonium corniculatum. Donn. Cant. 100°
OUR figure was taken from the garden of the Rev. Mr. Watts of
Ashill in September last. We have cultivated this plant for two or
three years, from seed originally obtained from the Cambridge
garden, by the name of Chelidonium corniculatum. How different
that species is, may be seen by the figure in Curtis's Flora, fasc. 6.
t, 32, and the description of it in Fl. Brit. as Glaucium phoenicium.
The plant before us bears a greater resemblance to Glaucium luteum,
the Yellow Horned-Poppy of our sea-shores; but differs in the
orange colour of its flowers, and in being strictly annual, while
that is now known to be perennial. The whole herb is also of a
more blue cast, and, as an essential specific character, it is observable
that the flowers are nearly sessile. We can find no synonym for it
in the old writers. Some persons may guess it to be a mule, from
G. phoenicium having received the pollen of G. luteum; but its
abundant fertile seeds are unfavourable to such a supposition. We
presume it to be a native of the south of Europe. It easily propa-
gates itself by seed on a light dry soil, and deserves a place in every
garden. -- * -
a shows the inner side of a petal; b the germen with a few of the
stamens, - -

(/), Zºº”
Jº Z.Z.º.º. Zºzº/z º. ºf ºreºv, Zozºon.




13
TAB. 8.
D I U R IS punctata.
Blue Dotted Diuris.
GYNANDRIA Diandria.
Nectary a pendulous lip, without a spur. Petals 9; the 5
outermost largest, of 2 kinds. Column of the fructification
reversed, the lid parallel.
Two lower petals linear, thrice as long as the lip; two lateral
ones rounded, entire.
-*-*-
OF this most singular and beautiful genus the first account was
given in the 4th volume of the Linnean Society’s Transactions,
p. 222; since which it has been described and figured by the in-
genious Professor Swartz, among the rest of the Orchis tribe, in
the Stockholm Transactions for 1800. Both those accounts relate
merely to the generic character, nor has any author particularized
any of the numerous species, all which appear to be natives of
New South Wales, from whence we have received specimens and
coloured drawings. As far as we know, all have the double bulbous
root frequent in the Orchis ; they love a good soil, and blossom
from July to October. None have been brought alive to Europe,
but they are well worthy the attention of the curious.
The present species is about two feet high, having a simple stem,
clothed with a few remote sheathing leaves or scales. We have
seen no radical leaves. Spike of a few large bracteated purplish-blue
Wºry ornamental flowers, variously dotted all over with a darker
colour. Of their 5 outer petals the 2 lowest are long narrow and
green, the rest obovate and coloured. Of the 4 small inner petals
the lateral (or outermost) are spreading, rounded and entire; the
"nºrmost acute, and notched on one side. Lip with a yellow fur-
row half its length, ending in 2 teeth. Column green.
* * the lateral petals; b one of the innermost; c column; dits
lid; all of their natural size, -
---
-
-

().Z// / / / /////zzº
º Z 7%. ZººZº. Zºº ºf ſºvº, Zoº”.


| 5
TAB. ().
j} i U R IS aurea.
Golden Diuris.
GYNANDRIA Diamdria.
Nectary a pendulous lip, without a spur. Petals 9; the 5
outermost largest, of 2 kinds. Column of the fructification
reversed, the lid parallel.
Two lower petals lanceolate, not twice as long as the lip;
two upper elliptical, acute, with short claws.
Diuris. Swartz in Stockh. Trans. for 1800. 229. t. 3. f. M.
THIS, as we are informed, flowers in October. The stem is 12
or 14 inches high, with one or two narrow upright leaves from the
root, which is a double bulb. Flowers from 3 to 5 in the spike,
each with its bractea as in the last. They are but half the size of
that species, and of a bright golden yellow, somewhat spotted about
the lip (but not in the larger petals) with red. The lowest petals
are lanceolate, yellowish green, about half as long again as the lip;
the 2 uppermost elliptical, acute, with short claws. Of the small
Petals the lateral or outermost are spatulate, obtuse, and entire; the
inner ones lanceolate, acute. - -
This is the species which I communicated to Dr. Swartz, and
which he has figured. It is with great diffidence we persist in
reckoning 9 petals (or calyx-leaves as he chooses to call them) when
he who has so deeply studied this order could find but 7, apparently
overlooking the small sharp inner pair. The column in this is
more dilated than in the foregoing. -
A, A are the bases of 2 upper petals cut off. B base of central
ºr odd petal. C lip cut off, showing its 2 sharp teeth on the upper
side. D, D bases of lower petals. E, E lateral petals entire.
F, F small inner petals, not mentioned by Dr. Swartz. Glid of
the fructification, with cells which held the antheras. H column.


70

17
TA B. i ().
DEN DRGBIUM speciosum.
Great Dendrobium.
GYNANDRIA Diandria.
Nectary a lip without a spur. Petals 5; the 2 lower ex-
ternal ones forming a pouch with their base, Lid vertical.
Flowers often reversed.
Flowers reversed. Cluster solitary, many-flowered. Lip
three-lobed. Leaves radical, coriaceous. -
GROws on rocks and trees in New South Wales, where the na-
tives call it Wer-gal-derra. It is a fine species of a new genus
formed by Dr. Swartz, with great judgment, out of the Epidendrum
of authors, another species of which is my E. Barringtoniae, Ic.
Pict. Plantarum, t. 15; but in that the flowers are not, as in this,
reversed.
The stem is short and thick. Leaves almost entirely radical,
from 6 to 12 inches long, very tough and rigid, oblong, entire.
Cluster solitary, on a scaly stalk, simple, consisting of a great
number of alternate stalked flowers, of which our plate can admit
but a few of the lowermost. From their greenish colour I should
expect them to be fragrant at night. The 5 petals are oblong; the
2 lowermost (or in this reversed species the uppermost) forming a
pouch, or short spur, round the base of the lip, which itself has no
spur. The lip is 3-lobed, concave, green spotted with red. Column
crowned by the vertical moveable cap or lid. Capsule obovate.
a is the pouch, b lip. c column. d lid. e capsule.

- ſ
/,
- 2
/ º/”
ZººZºzºo.º. Zºzº Zºº. 7…" ſoºzy z º.º.º.

19
TA B. 11.
DENDROBIUM linguiforme.
Tongue-leaved Dendrobium.
GYNANDRIA Diandria.
Nectary a lip without a spur. Petals 5; the 2 lower ex-
ternal ones forming a pouch with their base. Lid vertical.
Flowers often reversed.
Flowers reversed. Stem creeping. Leaves sessile, obovate,
fleshy. Clusters from the base of the leaves. Lip revolute.
Dendrobium lingua forme. Swartz in Stockh. Trans. for 1800.
247.

– wrººm--
FOUND upon rocks along the sea-shore at Port Jackson. The
long branching fleshy roots creep among the decaying vegetable
earth and mosses, and fix the stems which are prostrate, branched,
leafy, round, jointed, smooth, and of a tawny hue, sheathed in their
younger parts with large, membranous, pellucid, concave scales or
stipulas. Leaves alternate, sessile, not an inch long, obovate or
elliptical, obtuse, entire, excessively thick and succulent, smooth,
marked with three longitudinal furrows on the upper surface, con-
vex beneath. Clusters solitary, erect, slender, each springing from
within the stipula at the base of a leaf, and invested with a double
sheath of its own. Flowers about 6 or more in a cluster, reversed,
on slender alternate stalks, each of which has a minute bractea at
its base. Petals linear, acute, cream-coloured. Pouch yellowish.
Lip narrow, acute, strongly recurved, slightly 3-lobed, blue at the
base, yellowish and furrowed towards the extremity.
The pretty delicate flowers, and the singularity of the stem and
leaves, entitle this plant to a place in our conservatories, if a stone
could be brought with the roots and their mossy clothing undisturbed.
A represents a flower somewhat magnified. B the lip. C germen.
D column. Elid. F antheras, or rather masses of pollen.
ſº
º
- _*\\
=º
- O - Z - -
/ / *////// /// 2,…,
Zºº / Zºº. Zºº º/* Wowº, Zoº” .






21
TAB. 12.
DENDROBIUM punctatum.
Dotted Dendrobium.
GYNAND RIA Diandria.
Nectary a lip without a spur. Petals 5; the 2 lower ex-
ternal ones forming a pouch with their base. Lid vertical.
Flowers often reversed.
Flowers upright. Spike many-flowered. Lip three-lobed,
acute, downy. Leaves radical, very short.
-*º-
DRAwiN GS and specimens of this, as well as of the two preceding,
were sent us long ago from New South Wales by Dr. White. This
is a very elegant species, producing from a small root 4 or 5 stems,
2 or 3 feet high, each of which is simple, round, purple, clothed
with a few straggling scales only, and terminating in a long and
handsome spike of 20 or 30 purple flowers, singular for the red
glandular dots which besprinkle their germens, and the specks of a
darker purple scattered over their petals and nectary. Each flower
stands on a bracteated stalk, and is upright, not reversed or laid on
its back as in the two foregoing. The petals are lanceolate, lip 3-
lobed, acute, downy above, yellowish at the base, of a darker purple
than the petals toward the extremity. The leaves of this plant are
little else than a few imbricated acute sheathing scales, at the base
of the stem.
A shows the germen magnified, B the lip, C column, D lid.
Estigma, -

Z3
Zºº º Zºº, Zºº.
º º Z-Z &
Zºº Z.Z.º.º. Zºº.

23
TA. B. 13.
| POM OPS IS elegans.
Scarlet Ipomopsis.
PENTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calyx in 5 segments, membranous at the base. Corolla funnel-
shaped. Stamens springing from the tube. Stigma 3-cleft.
Capsule superior, of 3 cells and 3 valves. Seeds several, an-
gular.
Stem erect, straight. Corolla thrice as long as the calyx.
Ipomopsis elegans. Michaux, Fl. Boreali-Americana, v. 1. 141.
Ipomoea rubra. Linn. Syst. Peg. ed. 14. 204. Ait. Hort.
Kew. v. 1. 215.
Polemonium rubrum. Linn. Sp. Pl. 231.
Cantua coronopifolia. JWillden. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 879.
Quamoclit pennatum erectum, floribus in thyrsum digestis.
Dill. Elth. 321. t. 241.
T
* HE beautiful plant of which we here exhibit the first coloured
plate ever published, is a native of South Carolina, from whence it
was originally brought to Sherard’s garden at Eltham. It has oc-
casionally been imported since from the same country, and was
raised last year, in great perfection, in the garden of Messieurs Lee
and Kennedy at Hammersmith, where our figure was drawn. Being,
according to all appearance, a biennial, not flowering with us till
September or October, and consequently ripening seed with difficulty,
it is a much greater rarity than its beauty would lead us to wish.
Catesby is said by Dillenius to have discovered it 250 miles beyond
Charles-town, growing in low sandy places, and flowering in June.
The same author adds that he found it very tender and difficult of
culture, for though the seed given by Catesby readily vegetated,
scarcely one plant in twenty came to perfection. It seems to have
been forme ly in Mr. Lee's collection; for a good drawing of it, by

24,
his late amiable and accomplished sister, is in the possession of the
Marquis of Blandford. We have also seen an imitation of this
flower in cut paper, of various colours, by the celebrated Mrs. De-
lany, in the possession of Lady Banks.
About its genus there has been much uncertainty. Linnaeus first
made it a Polemonium and then an Ipomoea, but it agrees with
neither. The learned Jussieu supposed it might be reduced to his
genus of Cantua, and has lately again advanced that opinion ; but
the want of winged seeds, the membranous calyx, and the totally dif-
ferent habit, abundantly justify Michaux in establishing it as a
new genus; and we adopt his name, which seems to express the
dazzling brilliancy of the flower.
The root is fibrous. Stem solitary, erect, straight and wand-like to
the height of 4 or 5 feet, where it becomes panicled: it is round,
leafy, clothed like the whole herbage with short glandular white
hairs. Leaves pinnatifid, with long narrow linear segments, those
of the radical ones being shortest and broadest: the floral leaves are
simple. Flowers terminal and lateral, on short stalks, drooping.
Calyx bell-shaped,cut above half way down into 5 awl-shaped equal
segments, connected by a membrane at their base. Corolla thrice
as long as the calyx, funnel-shaped, its border equally 5-cleft, of a
brilliant scarlet, elegantly dotted on the inside. Stamens springing
from the upper part of the tube, slender, red, shorter than the
border. Antheras round, yellow. Germen superior, ovate, obtuse,
smooth, pale green. Style red, thread-shaped, about as long as the
stamens, with a red, three-cleft, spreading stigma. Capsule almost
membranous, of 3 valves and 3 cells, the partitions from the centre
of the valves. Seeds several in each cell, in 2 rows, small, acutely
angular, not winged.
a is a radical leaf. l corolla expanded to show the stamens. c calyx
with the germen and style.


/ /.../ / // */*
Zºzº Zºº /º/, / º/ºrzº, Mozzo”.


Q
*
TAB. 14.
IPO M OPS IS inconspicua.
Little Blue Ipomopsis.
PENTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calyx in 5 segments, membranous at the base. Corolla
funnel-shaped, Stamens springing from the tube. Stigma
3-cleft. Capsule superior, of 3 cells and 3 valves. Seeds
several, angular.
Stem much branched and spreading. Corolla scarcely longer
than the calyx. Segments of all the leaves linear.
RAISED in 1793, by Mr. Thomas Hoy, F. L. S. at Sion House,
from seed brought, if we mistake not, from America. Mr. Sowerby
sketched it in November of that year, and I have never doubted its
being distinct from all the genera in Linnaeus or Jussieu. It serves
indeed to confirm the Ipomopsis of Michaux, with which it agrees so
completely in every botanical character, that we find it not very
easy to establish even a specific difference on sound principles;
while on the other hand it shows how different this natural genus is
from Cantua, and all others to which it has been referred.
The root is annual. Stems numerous, a foot or more in height,
much branched, spreading and partly decumbent, leafy, round,
clothed with the same pubescence as the foregoing species. Leaves
alternate, pinnatifid, the segments all long, narrow, and for the
most part simple. Flower-stalks either from the forks of the stem
or opposite to the leaves, various in length, simple, solitary or in
pairs, erect. Calyx much like the last, but with rather broader
teeth. Corolla very little longer than the calyx, blue with a white
tube, by no means striking or beautiful. Stamina short, fixed to the
top of the tube. Style shortish, with a large 3-cleft purplish stigma.
Capsule ovate, thin, whitish, with many angular seeds.
WOL. I. D

26
We have a third species, gathered by Dombey at Lima, much
like this, but upright; its leaves doubly pinnatifid, with somewhat
elliptical lobes, and its flowers whitish.
a is the calyx of Ipomopsis inconspicua, b corolla, c corolla ex-
panded. D a magnified stamen, e germen and style. F magnified
stigma. g capsule. h seeds.


Zºo”.
- Zºº ºvºv,
2//// º, º / -
/
/
Zºº / Zºº; //////ec/ ſº
--

27
TAB. 15.
S T R AT I O T E S alismoides.
IBroad-leaved Water Soldier.
POLY ANDRIA Heragynia.
Spatha cloven. Inner Calyx superior, in 3 segments. Petals 3.
Berry with 6 or more cells.
Leaves broad-ovate, entire. Flowers with eight stamens and
eight styles.
Stratiotes alismoides. Linn. Sp. Pl. 754. Mant. 405.
—-mºm-
IT is only of late years that the tropical aquatic plants have been
cultivated amongst us with any success. That in the annexed plate
was sent from Calcutta by Dr. Roxburgh to Lady Hume, in whose
Stove it blossomed last autumn. We have not heard of it in any
other collection. Like some other water plants with tuberous roots,
it may be kept alive for a long while, almost without any moisture;
such plants in their native situations being exposed to a variety of
changes in that respect, from the drying up or overflowing of the
ponds or rivers where they grow.
The root is perennial, consisting of a solid knob throwing out in-
numerable simple fibres. Leaves several, on long foot-stalks, of a
Very broad ovate or almost heart-shaped figure, bluntly pointed,
entire, with many longitudinal ribs and a multitude of transverse
veins. Flower-stalks radical, simple, about as long as the leaves,
angular, each bearing a solitary white flower of very short duration.
The spatha is attached to the germen, not of 2 separate leaves as in
the other species, but merely cloven at the top into 2 or 3 larger
segments, with some small intermediate ones. Its sides are dilated
into 2 or 3 (we scarcely find more) longitudinal wings. Proper
calyx superior, of 3 deep oblong segments, alternate with the 3
roundish petals. Stamens 8, with vertical linear orange antheras.
Styles 8, with cloven linear yellow stigmas. Berry cylindrical,
Winged, with 8 cells, and numerous elliptical seeds. ºf






98
Captain Hardwicke has favoured us with a most beautiful detailed
drawing of a variety of this plant, with much narrower and perfectly
ovate leaves; but there is no reason to suppose it more than a va-
riety. From this we have borrowed the fruit, as well as a stamen
and style.
The difference between the spatha of this and our european Stra-
tiotes aloides, appears by no means sufficient to make them distinct
genera, still less could the differences of number in the parts of
fructification authorize such a division.
This species shows the impropriety of removing Stratiotes (con-
trary to Linnaeus's repeated observations) to the Dioecia. It is to be
lamented that some botanists have been so ready to encumber that
class, as well as Monoecia and Polygamia, with plants that have only
occasionally one or other of their organs imperfect, as happens now
and then in S. aloides.
a represents the unripe germen. b a petal. c a stamen and an-
thera. d, d styles. e ripe fruit cut across.



TAB. 16.
D I L A T R IS corymbosa.
Broad-petalled Dilatris.
TRIANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya none. Petals 6, regular, hairy. One stamen smaller
than the other 2. Stigma simple. Capsule inferior, of 3
cells and 3 valves. Seeds solitary, round, compressed.
Petals ovate. Flowers in a flattish hairy tuft.

Dilatris corymbosa. Berg. Pl. Cap. 9. t. 3. f. 5. Thunb.
Prod. 10. J/illden. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 246. Herb. Linn.
D. umbellata. Linn. Suppl. 101.
Wachendorfia umbellata. Linn. Syst. Peg. ed. 13. 80.
Ixia hirsuta. Linn. Mant. 27. 320. 511.
OF this genus we know not that any figure has appeared, except
the uncoloured one of Bergius above quoted. We find no mention
of any Dilatris in the Hortus Kewensis, nor in Mr. Donn's rich
Hortus Cantalrigiensis. Mr. Sowerby made his drawing some time
since from the hot-house of Messieurs Lee and Kennedy.
This plant is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, but no mention
is made of its particular situation. The root is perennial, consisting
of numerous thick and very woolly fibres; from which circumstance,
and the appearance of one of the Linnaean specimens, it seems to
grow in a pure coarse white sand. Grasses that thrive in pure sand
have generally very woolly roots. The stem is simple, about a foot
high, round, downy, especially in the upper part, bearing a few short
alternate leaves. The radical leaves are numerous, about half as
high as the stem, sword-shaped, sheathing, two-ranked, smooth,
rather glaucous, of a tawny orange at their base. Flowers in a
compound hairy reddish tuft or corymbus, with oblong downy brac-
teas, by no means umbelled, so that the original specific name given
by Bergius is much the best. Calyx entirely wanting. Petals ovate,
broad, concave, uniform, of a delicate lilac, hairy on the outside,

30
united at the base, standing on the red round hairy germen. Sta-
mens thread-shaped, spreading, reddish, smooth, all longer than
the petals, but one of them is shorter than the other two. Antheras,
as far as we have observed, all equal in size, as Linnaeus likewise
remarks in opposition to Bergius. Style of the form and length of
the shorter stamen, with a simple acute stigma. Jussieu describes
3 abortive stamens besides the 3 perfect ones. The fruit of this
species we have not seen.
The name Dilatris, given by Bergius, from 31; and X2721s, ex-
pressive of two servants or attendants, seems to imply that two of
the stamens are imperfect, or of less importance than the third,
probably because he found the latter had a larger anthera, but we
find all three perfect.
Tab. 16 shows the plant in its natural proportion, with the parts
of the flower sufficiently clear in their proper situations.


º
22 ºz. 222
* … º.º. ººz - º
ſº-ºº º


31
TAB. 17.
LINUM trigynum.
Three-styled Golden Flaw.

PENTANDRIA Pentagynia.
Calyx of 5 leaves. Petals 5. Capsule superior, with 6 or
10 valves, and as many cells. Seeds solitary.
Leaves alternate, elliptical, serrated, acute. Styles three.
Capsule of six cells.
– mºm-
THIS very handsome species of Flax, remarkable for having only
3 styles, and consequently but 6 cells to the fruit, was observed by
Captain Hardwicke on the sides of mountains in Sireenagur, flower-
ing in great profusion and beauty in December. That gentleman
has published it, by the apt name of Linum trigynum, in his Enu-
meration of the Plants of Sireenagur, in the Asiatic Annual Register
for 1800. From a drawing made on the spot our plate is copied.
Nor is the Plant entirely a stranger to our gardens, for it blossomed
last December in the stove of the Right Hon. Charles Greville at
Paddington. Its provincial name is Gul Ashorfee, in allusion to its
fine golden colour, from Gul a flower, and Ashorfee a gold coin
current in India, of the value of 21. Sterling.
The stem is shrubby and much branched; branches round,
smooth, leafy. Leaves alternate, smooth, dark green, elliptical,
obsoletely serrated, tipped with a small point, tapering at the base
into a shortish foot-stalk. Flower-stalks clustered about the ends
of the branches, and accompanied by lanceolate bracteas. Calyx-
leaves ovate, acute, entire, ribbed, smooth. Petals obovate, slightly
notched, furnished with a small tooth on each side of their claw,
and marked with longitudinal veins as usual in the genus. Stamens
5, short, with slight rudiments of 5 others between them. Germen
round, depressed. Styles 3, slender, with globular stigmas pro-
truding beyond the stamens. Capsule green and juicy at first, but

32
brown when dry, generally of 6 cells. Seeds solitary, very thin and
soon dried up, so as to be difficult of transportation to any distance.
The flowers have little or no scent.
a shows the germen and styles. a section of the unripe capsule.

ſºz

TA B. 18.
MESPHLUS grandiflora.
Large-flowered Barren Medlar.
ICOSANDRIA Pentagynia.
Calya in 5 segments. Petals 5. Drupe inferior. Nuts 2 to
5, with 2 seeds each.
Thorns none. Leaves elliptic-oblong, slightly downy, un-
equally serrated. Flowers nearly solitary, terminal. Styles
three.
THIS tree, which blossoms in May, has long been cultivated in
Chelsea garden by Mr. Fairbairn, who obtained cuttings many years
ago from a small garden in that neighbourhood, but could not learn
the native country of the parent plant, nor even from whence it had
been procured. At first sight it has more resemblance to the com-
mon M. germanica than to anything else, agreeing with it in height,
and nearly in the size of the flowers, which far exceed those of any
Species besides. They are also generally solitary, two being rarely
found together, terminating the young lateral branches on short
stalks. But the differences between these two species are very
essential. The leaves of this are always much serrated, and of a
harsher firmer texture; the styles are never more than three, some-
times only two; the fruit, seldom perfected here, is small, reddish,
with little pulp, containing 2 or 3 hard seeds agreeing with the
number of the styles. According to the Linnaean System this
should be a Crataegus, and it affords a fresh instance of the propriety
of reducing the species of that genus to Mespilus or Pyrus, accord-
ing to the structure of the fruit of each.
We can find no description of this plant in any author, nor is it
among any of the specimens published by Ehrhart that have come
to our knowledge. In the English gardens in general, though richer
ºn this tribe than those of any other country, it is unknown.
4 perpendicular section of the calyx and germen, with stamens
and styles. b a petal.
WOL. I. - E

|
Z.
/
º Zºº.
º ºvºº
Zºº
2.02.2/zºº
… z º.º.º. Zºº
2.
º
-


3
5
TAB. 19.
BIGNONIA undulata.
Wave-leaved Orange Trumpet-flower.
DIDYNAMIA Angiospermia.
Calyx cup-shaped, 5-cleft. Corolla 5-cleft, with a bell-shaped
tube, swelling beneath. Pod of 2 cells. Seeds with a
membranous wing.
Leaves simple, lanceolate, waved, entire. Flowers terminal,
umbellate. Stem erect.
º -
CAPTAIN HARDWICKE discovered this noble species of Bigno-
nia in the northern forests of Hindustan, from whence he conveyed
living plants to the botanic garden at Calcutta, naming it undulata
from the appearance of the leaves. It grows to a large tree, flower-
ing in March and April, and ripening seeds in May. The pro-
vincial name Suna Mookee means golden-mouthed.
It appears to be entirely nondescript, as far as we have been able
to discover, and should stand near the B. linearis of Cavanilles,
Ic. v. 3. 35. t. 269, from which it is distinguished by its greater
size, broader undulated leaves, and orange, not rose-coloured,
flowers, whose lobes are flat, not crisped or waved. The leaves are
numerous, scattered, on slender stalks, acute, entire, smooth.
Flowers in terminal simple umbels, accompanied by small lanceo-
late bracteas. Calyx slightly downy, in 5 shallow segments. Co-
rolla large, short and spreading. Stamens 4, with an abortive
twisted filament besides. Pod a foot long, linear, acute, smooth.
4, a are pieces of the partition of the pod. ( a portion of the
same with seeds in their places. c a seed.



º - -
E. " |D -
-
- - - -
-
* ~ lººz/ºzzº
ºz º.º. Zºº & ºr z º.º.


TA B. 20.
'I' ETR AT H E CA. ericifolia.
Heath-leaved Tetratheca.
OCTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya 4-cleft, inferior. Petals 4. Antheras with 4 cells.
Capsule of 2 cells and 2 valves, with the partition from their
middle. Seeds about 2 in each cell.
Leaves whorled, linear, revolute, minutely toothed. Stem rough
with ascending bristles. Flower-stalks and calyx very smooth.
ONE species only of this genus has been made known to botanists,
T. juncea, Bot. of New Holland, tal. 2, Willden. Sp. Pl. v. 2. 321.
The character of the 4-celled antheras, opening by pores at the end
of a tubular point, is very peculiar. This structure indicates an affi-
nity to the Erica, but they have only 2 cells.
The root of T. ericifolia is somewhat woody, and probably peren-
nial, for some of our specimens have evidently been burnt to the
ground in consequence of the fires made by the savages of New
South Wales, its native country, and have grown up again. The
stems are several, a span high, simple or branched, leafy, round,
clothed with small upright bristles. Leaves 4 or 5 in a whorl,
sessile, short, linear, revolute, their edges, and sometimes their
"Pper surface near the point, rough with minute teeth. Flower-
stalks axillary, solitary, simple, single-flowered, longer than the
leaves, curved, quite smooth, round and naked. Flowers drooping.
Calyx smooth, obtuse. Petals obovate, rose-coloured, occasionally
White. Antheras oblong, smooth, purplish brown, all equal, with
Whitish tips. Germen superior. Style and stigma simple. Capsule
Pendulous, ovate, acute, compressed, of 2 flattish valves, with a
°ontrary partition running down their middle. Seeds mostly 2 in
“ach cell, oblong, compressed, on short stalks.

A a magnified petal. B flower-stalk, calyx, germen and style
.." ! stamen remaining. C anthera cut across. D capsule.
it. Seed.
__ -
/ … -
Zºº. 2 … º. º.º. º. º.


39
TATB. 21.
TETRATHEC A glandulosa.
Glandular Tetratheca.
OCTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya 4-cleft, inferior. Petals 4. Antheras with 4 cells.
Capsule of 2 cells and 2 valves, with the partition from their
middle. Seeds about 2 in each cell.
Leaves imperfectly whorled, lanceolate, revolute, toothed with
little spines. Stem downy. Flower-stalks and calyx rough
with glands.
VERY like the preceding, along with which it was brought from
New South Wales. It has shared the same fate of being burnt
down to the root, and has grown up again.
The stem is clothed with very short close down, totally different
from the bristly covering of the last, while on the contrary the
flower-stalks and calyx are not smooth, but covered with glandular

horizontal hairs. The leaves are less perfectly whorled, being often
opposite only, sometimes scattered or alternate; their margin is beset .
with little spines. In the parts of the flower, except the calyx,
little difference is observable; the antheras are perhaps of a darker
colour throughout.
The species of this genus would be a very desirable acquisition to
*gardens. Whether the seeds have not been collected, or whether
they will not bear so long a voyage, we have never heard of any of
the Plants being raised in Europe.
A a petal. B calyx, germen, style, 1 stamen, and a part of the
flower-stalk.

22

41
'I'A B. 22.
TETRATH ECA thymifolia.
Thyme-leaved Tetratheca.
OCTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya 4-cleft, inferior. Petals 4. Antheras with 4 cells.
Capsule of 2 cells and 2 valves, with the partition from their
middle. Seeds about 2 in each cell.
Leaves whorled, lanceolate, toothed with little spines. Stem,
flower-stalks and calyx rough with ascending bristles.
—-mº-m-
To complete the history of this very pretty genus, as far as hitherto
discovered, and at the same time to show how precisely and curiously
Nature has distinguished the species, though three of them are much
alike, to an inaccurate observer, we here exhibit the Thyme-leaved
Tetratheca. -
It is somewhat larger than either of the two foregoing, and di-
stinguishable at first sight by its broader less revolute leaves. In the
hairs of the stem it agrees with T. ericifolia, but differs from both
the preceding in having the same kind of hairs covering the flower-
stalk and calyx. The segments of the last-mentioned part are also
more acute than in the other species. The margins of the leaves are

slightly toothed, each tooth bearing a small spine or bristle. The
germen is round, compressed, and smooth, though the receptacle is

hairy we believe in all three.
Tal. 22. A shows a magnified petal. B flower-stalk, calyx, sta-
men, germen and style.
WOL. I. F
2.3
Z.
º Zºº
ºzzº Zºº ºf
C


43
--
T.A. B. 23.
MIRABILIS longiflora.
Long-flowered Marvel of Peru.
PENTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calyx inferior, 5-cleft. Corolla funnel-shaped; its base in-
flated and permanent. Nectary a gland surrounding the
germen. Nut solitary, with 1 seed.
Flowers clustered, terminal, very long, slightly drooping.
Leaves downy. -
Mirabilis longiflora. Linn. Sp. Pl. 252. Act. Holm. ann.
1755. 176. t. 6. Amoen. Acad. v. 4. 268. Willden.
Sp. Pl. v. 1. 999. Ait. H. Kew. v. 1. 235.
Atzoyatl, Mirabili Mexicana. Hernand. Mew. 170.
- * * - -- -º-º-º: --
º, -º * : * */ z Aº º *** * * * **** A ºr ºf , ,
{ A
It is strange that no coloured figure of this elegant flower has ever
been published, more especially as its history is interesting, and its
beauty and fragrance render it highly worthy of general notice.
The celebrated Monsieur le Monnier seems to have introduced it
to the knowledge of Europaean botanists about the middle of the
last century, having probably procured its seeds from some of his
astronomical friends who went to South America; and from him,
through the hands of Baron Munckhausen, they came to Linnaeus,
who was so pleased with the plant, that he honoured it with a par-
ticular account and description, accompanied by a splendid figure,
in the Stockholm Transactions for 1755. Miller had it in the
Chelsea garden in 1759, as appears from his dictionary, and it is
still cultivated there in profusion, though not so general in gardens
* Some others of the genus. If the synonym of Hernandez really
belongs to it, which his bad figure renders somewhat doubtful, we
learn from him that it grows wild in the colder and mountainous
Parts of Mexico, flowering in September.
In our gardens, if raised on a hot bed, like the tender kinds of
*nnuals, in the spring, it flowers abundantly in autumn. It will



44
even sow itself spontaneously, and, in favourable seasons, come up
in the open border; but such plants bloom very late, and scarcely
perfect seed. The best method is to take up the roots at the first
frosts, preserve them in dry sand through the winter, and plant
them in April or May. They will by this method produce luxuriant
plants year after year, and flower much earlier than by the former
method. The flowers expand in the evening, and last only one night;
but there is a copious succession of them throughout the autumn,
and if gathered just above the calyx, a few of them in water will
powerfully perfume a large apartment.
Linnaeus in a manuscript note now before me has the following
remark: “The pollen of this plant is very large, globular, yellow,
“ hanging by a little thread, and neither falling off nor bursting,
“ but wasting away; for the corolla when closed presses it to the
“ stigma, while the papillae of the latter attach themselves each to
“ a particle of the pollen, and imbibe it.” This is somewhat ana-
logous to the Orchis tribe, and may possibly help to explain the
impregnation of plants under water, where there can be no explo-
sion of the pollen as in a dry atmosphere.
The root of the Mirabilis longiflora is large and fleshy. Stem 3
or 4 feet high, repeatedly forked, spreading, round, downy, leafy.
Leaves opposite, heart-shaped, entire, soft, downy and viscid ; the
lower ones on foot-stalks; the rest sessile. Flowers many together,
sessile at the top of each branch, downy and viscid externally.
Calyx bell-shaped, acute, very clammy and foetid. Tube 4 inches
long, purplish. Limb white, plaited and notched, with 5 green ex-
ternal folds, the orifice of a beautiful purple. Stamens and style
like long silky threads. Stigma large, formed of a globular tuft of
hairs. One large tessellated nut or seed, farinaceous within, suc-
ceeds each flower. The corolla is really inferior, but its permanent
base, becoming hard and attached to the seed, gives it, in an ad-
vanced state, the appearance of being superior, as Linnaeus de-
scribes it.
The natural order of this genus is not easily determined. The
learned Jussieu notes its affinity in some points to the Amaranthus
tribe, and has been induced to call the corolla an inner calyx; which
seems paradoxical, chiefly because there is a true calyx besides. In
structure the part in question is more like a calyx than that of the
Polygonum, and the farinaceous seed betrays an affinity to that
genus as well as to the Amaranthi, rather than to the Dipsaceae.
*
a is a ripe seed. l a section of the same.

-º-º-º-º-º-º-º:



TAB. 24.
HAMELLIA patens.
Spreading Scarlet Hamellia.
PENTANDRIA Monogynia.
Corolla tubular, 5-cleft. Berry inferior, with 5 cells and
many seeds.
Clusters of flowers terminal, downy. Leaves three together,
soft and downy, especially beneath.
Hamellia patens. Jacq. Amer. 72. t. 50. Linn. Sp. Pl. 246.
Willden. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 980. Swartz. Obs. 77. Lamarch.
Encycl. 68.
H. coccinea, Swartz. Prod. 46.
Periclymenum aliud arborescens, ramulis inflexis, flore co-
rallino. Plum. Ic. 212. t. 218. f. 2.
–-
DRAwN from a very fine plant of this species, brought from
Jamaica, which flowered abundantly in Lady Hume's stove in Oc-
tober 1796. It is not mentioned in the Hortus Kewensis, nor is it
to be found in many collections, though the younger Linnaeus had
a specimen from the royal garden at Paris in 1781. It is one of
the two originally supposed species of the genus, named by Jacquin
after Du Hamel, an excellent French writer on the structure and
(economy of plants; but the other, H. erecta of Jacquin, is now
unanimously presumed to be a variety only. Dr. Swartz and other
botanists have since made us acquainted with several new species.
The stem is shrubby, about 4 feet high, with round spreading
leafy branches, downy when young. Leaves standing 3 together,
on red downy foot-stalks, simple, elliptical, entire, tapering at each
end, soft and pliable, slightly downy above, more so, as well as
lighter coloured, beneath. The veins are numerous and parallel,
reddish like the midrib and margin, above. Swartz has sometimes
seen 4 or 5 leaves in a whorl. A pair of tapering stipulas stand

46
between each foot-stalk and the branch, as in all this natural order
of Rubiaceae. A compound cluster of flowers terminates each
branch, the stalks of which are red, downy, and placed three to-
gether, each forked, and bearing many sessile scarlet flowers, in 2
rows, with a solitary one between them. Calyx of 5 small teeth
crowning the germen. Corolla superior, cylindrical, with 5 furrows,
an inch long, scarlet, 5-cleft at the orifice. Stamens connected
with its base, equal, linear, smooth. Antheras vertical, linear,
yellow. Germen inferior, globular, downy, red. Style the length
of the stamens, bearing a club-shaped obtuse stigma. Berry black,
crowned with the calyx. -
Jacquin and Swartz both gathered this shrub on the bushy sides
of mountains in Hispaniola, now more generally called St. Do-
mingo. It thrives well in the bark bed of a stove, flowering for
some weeks late in autumn. -
a shows the germen and style. b germen cut across, c corolla
opened laterally. d stamens,


* * º e-
- G.
/º/, Zºº
º º º º, ºr º Z ~


47
TA. B. 25.
D II, LW Y NIA. ericifolia.
Heath-leaved Dillwynia.
DECANDRIA Monogynia.
Calyx simple, 5-cleft, 2-lipped. Corolla papilionaceous.
Style reflexed. Stigma obtuse, downy. Pod inflated, of
1 cell, with 2 seeds.
Leaves rough with minute points. Flowers at the ends of the
branches.
Dillwynia ericifolia. Smith in Annals of Bot. v. 1. 510.
SEEDs of this shrub were among the first brought from New
South Wales, and plants have been raised by many cultivators about
London. Our drawing was made so long ago as April 1795, from
a specimen produced under the care of Mr. Hughes at Stockwell.
No figure of the plant has yet appeared, nor has its genus, of which
we now know 3 species, been settled till very lately. It takes its
name from Mr. Lewis Weston Dillwyn, F.L.S., author of an ex- .
cellent periodical work on the Conferva.
The stem is shrubby, much branched, spreading; the branches
rigid, leafy, downy. Leaves scattered, spreading, on short foot-
stalks, narrow, linear, acute, entire, revolute, twisted so that the
under side, which is convex, and rough all over with minute points,
is turned uppermost; the other side is channelled. Mr. Sowerby
has observed a minute red glandular appearance on each side of the
foot-stalk at the base, looking like stipulas, but we can find no
traces of such in the dried plant. The flower-stalks are clustered
about the summits of the branches, each having a pair of concave
bracteas, and bearing one flower. Calyx bell-shaped, smooth, with-
out appendages, angular, its 2 upper segments larger than the rest
and divaricated, forming the upper lip; the lower lip is of 3 equal
segments. Standard very peculiar, almost of a kidney shape, being

48
very broad and short; its colour is a full yellow with a central stain
of crimson; the claw is greenish. Wings and keel both toothed on
the upper side near the base, variegated with purple and yellow.
Stamens 10, all separate, equal and awl-shaped. Antheras yellow,
round. Germen oblong, hairy. Style bent upwards, thick and
short, crowned with a blunt, or capitate, downy stigma. Pod
ovate, swelling, black, hairy towards the point, of one cell, mostly
containing 2 seeds which occupy but a small part of the cavity.
The short reflexed style, and, above all, the blunt downy stigma,
distinguish this genus from the other papilionaceous plants with 10
separate stamens. See Annals of Botany above quoted.
A leaf magnified. B stipulas? c calyx. d standard. e a wing.
f keel. g., G. stamens. h germen and style. I style and stigma
magnified. k pod. l seed. -


-
26
- Lº Z zºo.º. Zºº & Zºº, Zºº.

40
TAB. 26.
D II, L.W. YN IA floribunda.
Close-flowered Dillwynia.
DECANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya simple, 5-cleft, 2-lipped. Corolla papilionaceous.
Style reflexed. Stigma obtuse, downy. Pod inflated,
of 1 cell, with 2 seeds.
Leaves rough with tubercles. Flowers lateral, axillary.
Dillwynia floribunda. Smith in Annals of Bot. v. 1.510.
DRAwN some years since from the collection of the late Ben-
jamin Robinson Esq. of Stockwell. It is, like the foregoing, a
native of New South Wales, growing in dry sandy soil, and flowering
with us in spring or summer, requiring a greenhouse, and rather
dry treatment.
Stem 5 or 6 feet high, shrubby, branched; the branches ascend-
ing, round, hairy, thickly clothed with leaves placed without order,
and less spreading than in D. ericifolia. The leaves are also
somewhat broader than in that species, rough with coarser tubercles,
and often hairy. We find no traces of stipulas. The flowers are
not terminal, but grow in great numbers along the branches, each
simple flower-stalk, with a pair of bracteas, springing solitary from
the bosom of a leaf. The calyx resembles the last. The corolla is
yellow, with less vivid crimson stains, and its standard is not quite
so short and broad. Pod very hairy.
a calyx, flower-stalk and bracteas. b standard. c one of the
wings, d keel, estamens. f, F germen, style and stigma.
º
WOL, I. - G.


–º ſº. Zºº & ZººZº. Zºz.

5i
TAB. 27.
VIM IN ARIA denudata.
- Leafless Rush-Broom.
DECANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya angular, simple, 5-cleft. Corolla papilionaceous. Stigma
simple, acute. Pod leathery, of 1 valve, not bursting, en-
tirely filled with a single seed.
Viminaria denudata. Smith in Annals of Bot. v. 1. 507.
Daviesia denudata. Pentenat Choir de Plantes, t. 6.
Sophora juncea. Schrad. Sert. Hannov. 9. t. 3.
Pultenaea juncea. JWillden. Sp. Pl. v. 2. 506. Donn. Cant. 76,
- [. -
THIS remarkable shrub we also obtained from the collection at
Stockwell in J uly 1794, when it was in full flower. The seeds came
from Port Jackson very soon after the settlement of that colony,
and were dispersed through the gardens of Europe, where they have
generally succeeded, and yet the plant is not now common in green-
houses, perhaps from its being more singular than ornamental.
Dr. Schrader figured it long ago as a Sophora, the genera of this
tribe not being then understood. Monsieur Ventenat, in his new
uncoloured work called Choix de Plantes, has reduced it to my
genus of Daviesia, not being well acquainted with the pod, which
decidedly establishes it as a new genus, and this its whole aspect con-
firms. The name alludes to the peculiar habit, being derived from
vimen a pliant slender twig, which meaning we have attempted to
retain in the English denomination. -
The stem is branched and shrubby, round and smooth. Leaves
only to be found on the lower part of seedlings or young plants,
alternate, on long stalks, ovate, entire, three-nerved, smooth,
the first sometimes ternate. The foot-stalks on the greater part of
the plant bear no leaves, but are very long and slender, cylindrical,
smooth, a little notched at the point, looking like a profusion of

52
Haked rushy twigs, and giving a very peculiar aspect to the plant;
the upper ones are gradually shorter.
Flowers yellow variegated with red, in long, simple, terminal
clusters, on simple alternate stalks, each of which has a small
bractea at its base. Calyx bell-shaped, angular, with 5 shallow
teeth. Standard inversely heart-shaped. Wings and keel toothed
at the base. Lower stamens gradually longest. Germen smooth,
oval. Style awl-shaped, ascending, with a sharp simple stigma.
Pod half covered by the permanent calyx, oval, acute, a little com-
pressed, smooth, leathery, of one piece and not bursting, its cavity
filled by a single kidney-shaped seed, of a very pale brown.
a calyx, flower-stalk and bractea, b standard. c, c wings. d keel.
e, E stamens. f germen and style. g. pod and seed.




|-__-__-__--_| __，_，_|-|-
|- -
º 2 º'cº º
-
/ - -
z º.º. º.
*
º
º



53
TAR. 28.
P A SS IFL OR A suberosa.
Cork-bark'd Passion-flower.
PENTANDRIA Trigynia.
Corolla 5- or 10-cleft. Nectary guarded by a triple radiated
crown. Organs of fructification on a stalk. Berry with
many seeds.
Corolla five-cleft. Calyx none. Fruit oval. Leaves three-
lobed, smooth. Foot-stalks with two glands.
Passiflora suberosa. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1358. Ait. Hort. Kew.
v. 3, 309. Jacq. Hort. Wind. v. 2. 77. t. 163. Cavan.
Monadelph. 442. t. 265. -

As this pretty Passion-flower, so remarkable for the 4 prominent
ribs of cork which run along its stem, has not yet appeared in any
of our popular works, and as its history has not been perfectly elu-
cidated, we would not refrain from publishing it, though already
well figured in Jacquin’s Hortus Windobonensis, a work to which
few botanists can have access on account of its great rarity and ex-
orbitant price.
We can positively assert it, on the authority of the original spe-
cimen described in Sp. Plant. ed. 1, to be the sulerosa of Linnaeus:
but Jacquin and Cavanilles have justly animadverted on the confu-
Sion of its synonyms, and Lamarck, though generally an acute critic,
has in his Encyclopédie, v. 3. 38. n°. 22, increased that confusion.
-- Cavanilles esteems it also the nigra of that writer and of Jacquin’s
Observationes; which seems probable: but if so, how came that sy-
nonym to be omitted in the Hort. Vind. *
This species comes from the West Indies, and grows well in the

º bark bed of a stove, climbing round any thing in its way, bearing
flowers and fruit through the autumnal months. We have deli-
heated it from Lady Hume's collection.
-i. --
- 54
It belongs to that tribe of Passion-flowers, pointed out by Mr.
Sowerby in the Transactions of the Linn. Soc. v. 2. 27, which have
only 5 lobes to the corolla, without any of those leaves on the
flower-stalk which Linnaeus takes for bracteas, but which seem, by
analogy of other species, a real calyx.
The branches are long, weak, and smooth. Leaves alternate,
(on slightly downy foot-stalks, each of which bears two purple
glands,) somewhat cordate, with 3 slight acute lobes, entire, veiny,
shining, nearly smooth on both sides. Stipulas lanceolate, narrow,
acute. Tendrils axillary, simple. Flowers on solitary simple axil-
lary stalks, with a slight ring where the calyx should be. Corolla
green, tinged externally with a blush of red, especially in decay.
Crown violet-coloured. Berry the size of an olive, purple and
dotted like that fruit, containing 3 rows of seeds enveloped in
sweetish pulp.
Botanists differ whether to refer Passiflora to the Caper or to the
Gourd tribe. The great Jussieu is of the latter opinion. We re-
move it from the class Gynandria because the stamens are not in-
serted above the germen, but merely raised with that part on a
pillar. -
A is a magnified section of the flower, showing all its parts in
their proper situations. I section of unripe fruit, the size of the
original. c, c seeds.
- ---



Lºzzº Zºº ºvº.
º



55
TAB. 29.
T H E L Y MIT R A irioides,
Large-flowered Thelymitra.
GYNANDRIA Diandria.
Petals 5, regular, spreading. Nectary a simple lip like a sixth
petal. Organs of fructification enveloped in a hood bearing
2 feathery tufts. Antheras parallel.
Petals thrice as long as the hood, which is jagged at the top.
Thelymitra ixioides. Swartz in Stockh. Trans. for 1800.
228. t. 3. f. L., a, b, d-g.
---
FORSTER first established this genus, of the Orchis tribe, in his
Genera Plantarum, where the flower of the only species he knew,
of which I have a specimen from himself, is figured. His son was
afterwards persuaded to reduce it to Serapias; but the excellent
Swartz has justly restored it to the rank of a genus, adding a new
species, which he received through my hands from New South
Wales, and of which we are enabled to exhibit the annexed figure,
by means of specimens and coloured drawings sent by Dr. White.
It flowers in August in its native country, but has not yet been
brought to England.
The root is said to be a bulb; probably like those of an Orchis, and
throws out a few fibres at the top. Stem solitary 2 or 3 feet high,
simple, round, leafy, smooth. Leaves sheathing, alternate, linear-
lanceolate, acute, erect. Spike terminal, erect, many-flowered,
Bracteas solitary, lanceolate, pointed, membranous, concave,
Flower-stalks slender, various in length. Flowers of a fine blue,
paler at the back, formed of 5 spreading petals and a lip much re-
sembling them. In the centre is a singular hood which envelopes
the organs of fructification, and whose top is jagged and fringed,
bearing a pair of feathery tufts elevated on stalks. The column


56
stands within this hood, and is acute, bearing 2 parallel antheras,
each of one cell, beneath which is the stigma. A small inner lip
stands opposite to the column. The germen is obovate.
The hood and its plumy tips, which are quite of a different nature
from the 2 feathery petals of Jussieu’s Bipinnula, (Arethusa biplu-
mata of Linnaeus, Sm. Pl. Ic. t. 23), afford an excellent generic
distinction. Forster's species has smaller flowers, with an entire
hood half as long as the petals. Our specimens and drawings of
T. ixioides vary much in the size of the flowers, but we find no dif-
ference of structure to indicate a specific distinction.
|
A shows the hood and its contents magnified. B the jagged
fringed summit. C feathery tips. D antheras, E small inner
lip.

ºzº. 24
Zºº º żº lºº
º …
-
_º



TA}3. 30.
ID # U R IS maculata.
Yellow Spotted Diuris.
GYNAND RIA Diandria.
Nectary a pendulous lip, without a spur. Petals 9; the 5
outermost largest, of 2 kinds. Column of the fructification
reversed, the lid parallel.
Two lower petals lanceolate, twice as long as the lip; two
upper rounded, obtuse, with long claws.
A NATIVE of New South Wales, like the other two species
figured in t. 8 and 9 of this work, where it blossoms in July.
It is most allied to D. aurea, with which it agrees in size and ge-
neral appearance, except that the flowering part of the stalk is, for
the most part, more zigzag than in that species, and the flowers are
widely different. All the petals, except the 2 lowest, are yellow
irregularly spotted or stained with red, which spots are equally
visible on the back and front, and in drying the red remains, while
the yellow fades almost to white. The three uppermost petals are
round and obtuse, the side ones having long claws; the 2 lowest or
green petals generally cross each other, and are lanceolate, about
twice as long as the lip. The other parts agree with D. aurea.
Perhaps these 2 green petals of Diuris ought to be esteemed a real
calyx, though no such thing has hitherto been observed in the
Orchis tribe; for it seems to us too paradoxical to call (with Jussieu)
the whole corolla and lip a calyx, or even the former only, with
Swartz; but this is matter of mere opinion.

A shows a magnified flower, in which all the parts are displayed
as in t. 9.
WOL. I. 1H
32
-
Zºe Z Zºº. Zºº º ºr Zºº .


--
TAB. 31, 32.
CY A M U S Nelumbo.
Sacred Bean of India.
POLY ANDRIA Polygynia.
Calya of 4 or 5 leaves. Petals numerous. Nuts immersed
in a cellular receptacle, each crowned with its own stigma.
Leaves peltate, orbicular, waved. Foot-stalks and flower-
stalks prickly.
Köopog. Theophrast. lib. 4. cap. 10.
Nymphaea Nelumbo. Linn. Sp. Pl. 730, 2. Ait. H. Kew,
Q). 2. 227.
N. indica major. Rumph. Amboin. v. 6, 168. t. 73.
Nelumbo nucifera. Gaertn. Sem. v. 1. 73. t. 19.
Nelumbium speciosum. //illden. Sp. Pl. v. 2. 1258.
Tamará. Rheed. Malab. v. 11. 59. t. 30.
-
*
This splendid and celebrated plant is a native of still pools, and
*cesses in the margins of running streams, in the East Indies,
growing, as Rumphius informs us, in a deep muddy soil, in a
depth of water not less than 2 or 3 feet, nor more than 6. By
*ttention to this information, and the contrivance of a deep tub in
99nsequence of it, a plant of this species was made to flower very
finely, some years ago, in the Duke of Portland's stove at Bulstrode,
where Mr. Sowerby made a drawing of it. The Cyamus also blos-
somed last year at the Right Hon. Charles Greville's, and is to be
found growing in several collections. - * --
The root is very large and tuberous, black without, white within,
thrºwing out numerous long fibres. Leaves radical, on long,
*ound, prickly, upright stalks, peltate, circular, waved, smooth,
ºther glaucous, with many concentric radiating ribs; when young
º

60
they float on the water; but when at their full size, which is often
2 or 3 feet diameter, they rise 3 or 4 feet above it, becoming con-
cave, and variously waved, twisted, or torn by the wind. Flowers
on simple naked stalks, like those of the leaves, but rather taller,
solitary, upright, very handsome and fragrant, 8 or 10 inches wide
when fully expanded, lasting for several days. Calyx of 4 or 5
concave, ovate, green leaves. Petals numerous, ovate, acute, con-
cave, of a delicate pale rose-colour, marked with many crimson
longitudinal ribs, which being drawn more together as they ap-
proach the point, render that part of a deeper hue. Stamens nu-
merous, yellow, thread-shaped, knobbed, with oblong, lateral an-
theras. Germen superior, green, smooth, inversely conical, its
upper broad flat surface perforated with several holes, opening into
as many cells. Each cell contains the rudiment of a seed, protru-
ding through the orifice, and crowned with an oblong, obtuse, per-
forated, yellow, permanent stigma. The whole germen becomes a
coriaceous entire capsule, which in process of time separates from
the stalk, laden with ripe oval nuts, and floats down the water.
The nuts vegetating, it becomes a cornucopia of young sprouting
plants, which at length break loose from their confinement, and
take root in the mud. This peculiar mode of propagation has
evidently occasioned the plant, in conjunction with water, to be
adopted as the symbol of fertility, in which point of view it has,
from the remotest antiquity, been considered with religious venera-
tion in India, and mtakes a conspicuous figure in the Mythology of
that antient country. It is most generally known to the learned of
Europe under the name of Lotus; the natives of Hindustan call it
Tamará; the people of Ceylon Nelumbo. It has been confounded
by very able writers, even lately, with the Lotus of Egypt, Nymphaea
Lotus of Linnaeus; see Andr. Repos. t. 391, and Curt. Mag. t. 797.
we presume the latter to have become important in the Egyptian
Mythology only as a substitute for the former. The Lotus of Egypt
is a real Nymphaea, bearing its seeds much in the manner of a
Poppy, and scattering them in the mud. There is nothing peculiar
in its appearance or mode of growth which could have caused it to
be chosen for an emblem of fertility, were it not from the general
resemblance of its leaves and flowers to our plant, the original
Lotus of India. Hence I have for some time presumed to deduce
aIl argument in support of the doctrine now prevalent, on other
grounds, that the religion of the Egyptians was adopted from the
East. - - --> --- º tº -
º,

61
Innumerable illustrations respecting the Tamará, Lotus, or Ne-
lumbo, as connected with the poetry or religion of the Hindus,
may be found in the learned works of Sir W. Jones, Mr. Knight,
and others. In the 4th volume of the Amoenitates Academicae,
p. 234, a carved horn of a rhinoceros, sent to Linnaeus from China,
is described. This is now before me, and is an exquisite specimen
of oriental sculpture, evidently alluding to the mythology of India.
The whole inverted base of the horn is carved into an elegant leaf
of Nelumbo, rising from the water amid a group of perforated
Chinese rocks. It is encompassed with various plants of a more
diminutive proportion; a peach tree and a medlar (or rather perhaps
the mangostan), with Sagittaria, Pothos, and the Nelumbo itself in
flower and seed, cover the outer surface. Some fantastic lizards,
with bunches of grapes and the Lit-chi fruit in their mouths, are
crawling over the whole. -
We have to add some remarks on the botanical characters and
name of this plant. -
Adanson, Gaertner, Jussieu and Willdenow are most unques-
tionably justified in separating it from Nymphaea, with which Lin-
naeus and other writers have confounded it. The very peculiar fruit,
unlike any thing else in the vegetable kingdom, and the stigmas,
so totally different from those of Nymphaea, sufficiently distinguish
it. The chief question in dispute is the name. Nelumbium is
formed from Nelumbo, a Ceylon word of very confined use. If it
must have a barbarous appellation, Tamará would be preferable,
as being in general use among the learned and the vulgar throughout
Hindustan. Happily we have no occasion to adopt either, for the
plant has already a classical Greek name of primary authority and
antiquity, being the real Kâzºos of Theophrastus, and therefore the
word CyAMUs is what by every right and title belongs to it. Ne-
lumbo may be retained as a specific name, rather out of deference to
Linnaeus and Gaertner than for any good reason; for Tamará being
more universal would be more proper, and speciosus, given by Will-
denow, more expressive. We wish however to respect the right -
of priority, and to avoid all needless changes.
We claim no merit in the restoration of this antient generic name.
Bodaeus a Stapel in his Commentary on Theophrastus, p. 446, and
Hermann in his Paradisus Batavus have amply illustrated the sub-
ject, and others, as Plukenet, have alluded to it. But it is remarkable
that no recent writer on the mythological history of the Nelumbo
should have been aware of its being the celebrated Kūzºos or Pytha-


62
gorean bean, which is so evident from the description in Theophrastus,
The “ cellular head like a round wasp’s nest, with a bean in each
cell projeeting a little beyond its orifice: the rose-coloured flower,
as well as all the rest of his account,
are strikingly characteristic. By this discovery many things, hi-
therto difficult of explanation, are elucidated. We can no longer
wonder at the prohibition of these beans to the Egyptian priests,
or the disciples of Pythagoras. A plant consecrated to religious ve-
neration as an emblem of reproduction and fertility, would be very
improper for the food, or even the consideration, of persons dedi-
cated to peculiar purity. The Egyptian priests were not allowed
even to look upon it”. Authors scarcely explain sufficiently whether
Pythagoras avoided it from respect or abhorrence. However that
might be, we need not, in order to ascertain his motives, have
5
twice, as large as a poppy,”
recourse to any of the five reasons supposed by Aristotle, nor to the
conjectures of Cicero. Neither can there be any doubt that the
prohibition given by Pythagoras was literal; and not merely allego-
rical, as forbidding his followers to eat this kind of pulse, because
the magistrates in some places were chosen by a ballot with black
and white beans, thereby giving them to understand that they
should not meddle with public affairs. Such far-fetched explana-
tions show the ingenuity of commentators rather than their know-
ledge. -
As the Pythagorean prohibitions are now obsolete, perhaps these
beans, imported from India, might not be unwelcome at our tables.
The root of the Cyamus is also used as food, but we have many
vegetables preferable to it.
Tab. 31 shows a flower of its usual size, with one of the smaller
leaves. a a stamen separate.
Tal. 32 contains the ripe fruit; with an outline of the whole
plant as it grew at Bulstrode. a is a nut taken out of its cell. " 4
section of the same. c the embryo, always green, taken out of the
nut, to the top of which its base was fixed. d the embryo Sprout."
ing from the nut. -
---
º º
* It must be confessed that many of the hieroglyphics, still to be seen about their
temples, seem inconsistent with a prohibition of this kind.
-

33
ºn 2 ZºZº. Zºº ºr ºf ºr zºº



63
'I' A B. 33.
CRASSUDA lactea.
White Crassula.
PENTANDRIA Pentagynia.
Calyx of 5 leaves. Petals 5. Scales 5 at the base of the
germen. Capsules 5, with many Seeds.
Stem shrubby. Leaves ovate, tapering and united at the base,
entire, with a row of dots within the margin. Cymes pa-
nicled.
Crassula lactea. Ait. H. Kew. v. 1. 396. Donn. Cant. 53.
JWillden. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 1554.

WE have been favoured with a flowering specimen of this plant
from the green-house of Mr. Hooker of Norwich in March last.
It is excellently well characterized in the Hortus Kewensis, but does
not appear to have been figured by any author. We are informed
in that work that it was introduced in 1774, by Mr. Masson, from
the Cape of Good Hope. -
It is cultivated, like other succulent plants of the Cape, in the dry
stove or in some airy part of the green-house. The whole plant is
smooth. Stem shrubby, much branched, round, leafy. Leaves
crowded, crossing each other in pairs, thick, ovate, pointed, entire,
dotted both above and below just within the margin ; their bases
tapering a little, and united round the stem. Panicle terminal,
formed of many cymose opposite branches. Flowers white with
pretty rose-coloured antheras. Scales at the base of the germen
scarcely perceptible. Petals, stamens and germens often 6.
Tal. 33 shows the plant of its natural size, with every part of
the flower in its proper place.
34.
Zºº º * & Zºº. º Zºº.

\ 65
TAB. 34.
MELALEUCA ericifolia.
Heath-leaved Melaleuca.
POLYADELPHIA Polyandria.
Calyx. 5-cleft, half superior. Petals 5. Filaments numerous,
very long, united into 5 parcels. Style 1. Capsule of 3
cells.
Leaves scattered or opposite, linear, nerveless, pointless, a little
recurved. Flowers lateral, clustered about the upper par
of the branches. -
Melaleuca ericifolia. Sm. Trans. of Linn. Soc. v. 3. 276.
Donn. Cant. 144.
MR. ANDREWS has by mistake figured under the name of Mela-
leuca ericafolia my armillaris, Tr. of L. Soc. v. 3. 277, expressing a
doubt of my having made too many species. For the illustration of
the subject, and not for the sake of controversy, we here exhibit
the true M. ericifolia, which will be followed by some other species,
all natives of New Holland, of which we are furnished with spe-
cimens, as well as coloured drawings made from the plants in their
wild state. Most of these plants are enumerated by Mr. Donn in
his catalogue of the Cambridge garden, and I believe his names are
Very correct. -
M. ericifolia is the smallest we have seen of this tribe, though of
the exact height of the stem we are not informed. It is very smooth
in all its parts, and has the taste and smell of Coriander seeds. The
branches are numerous, clustered, erect, leafy, round, prettily
striped with white, from a line of cuticle running down from one
leaf to another. Leaves scattered, a few of them opposite, sessile,
half an inch (more or less) in length, linear, flattish, entire, a little
*curved, sharpish but without any spinous point, and destitute of
rib or veins. Under the microscope they are finely dotted with ir-
WOL. I. T

66
regular glandular points. Stipulas wanting. Flowers sessile, lateral,
crowded, forming cylindrical clusters round the branches below their
leafy summits. Each flower has its own concave broad bractea.
Calyx globular, dotted with resinous points, and crowned with 5
obtuse teeth. Petals red on the outside in the bud, cream-coloured,
as well as the stamens, when expanded, dotted with resinous points.
The filaments of the latter are long and very deeply divided, so that
their common claw is shorter than the petals. In this respect they
differ from M. armillaris, which species is so well figured by Mr.
Andrews, that there is no occasion for us to republish it.
A is a magnified petal. B stamen. C germen and style. D leaf.


Zºe z. zºo.º. **** º º ſº Zºº



67
TA B, 35.
MELALEUCA nodosa.
Knotty-flowered Melaleuca.
POLYADELPHIA Polyandria.
Calya 5-cleft, half superior. Petals 5. Filaments numerous,
very long, united into 5 parcels. Style 1. Capsule of 3
cells.
Leaves scattered, linear, straight, tipped with spinous points.
Flowers clustered about the tops of the branches.
Melaleuca nodosa. Sm. Trans. of Linn. Soc. v. 3. 276.
Donn. Cant. 144.
Metrosideros nodosa. Gaertn. Sem. v. 1. 172. t. 34. f. 6.
Cavan. Ic. v. 4, 19. t. 334.
THIS is a rigid branched shrub 5 or 6 feet high, as we have seen
it in the green-house of the Dowager Lady de Clifford, flowering in
June. The bark is smooth and even, not at all striped. Leaves
near an inch long, straight, rigid, tipped with a strong sharp spine,
and having a longitudinal rib; their under side marked with a few
glandular spots. Their flavour is aromatic, but not like that of the
last. Flowers in short round spikes clustered about the tops of the
branches, and after flowering each spike grows out into a branch,
if it perfects seed. The stalk of each is hairy. Petals and filaments
Cream-coloured, with yellow antheras. The filaments are deeply
divided as in the foregoing. How essentially different this is from
the ericifolia and armillaris, the bark, leaves, inflorescence and
stamens abundantly show,
A petal. B stamen. C germen and style. D leaf, all magnified.

º:
º:
º
s
º






69
TAT3. 36.
MELALEU CA thymifolia.
Thyme-leaved Melaleuca.
POLYADELPHIA Polyandria.
Calyx. 5-cleft, half superior. Petals 5. Filaments numerous,
ery long, united into 5 parcels. Style 1. Capsule of 3
cells.
Leaves opposite, elliptic-lanceolate, nerveless. Flowering
branches lateral, very short, few flowered. Filaments
branched more than half way down.
Melaleuca thymifolia. Sm. Trans. of Linn. Soc. v. 3, 278.
Donn. Cant. 144.
M. coronata. Andr. Repos. t. 278.
M. gnidiaefolia. Penten. Jard. de la Malmaison, t. 4.
Metrosideros calycina. Cavan. Ic. v. 4. 20. t. 336. f. 2.
I FIND it necessary to claim my own original name for this plant,
which has been twice changed, surely not for the better, without any
reference to the Linnaean Transactions where it was first published
in 1797. Monsieur Ventenat however is quite clear of this impro-
priety, he having merely retained a chance denomination by which,
as I learn from himself, the plant was sent him from the English
Illll'SèrlèS.
It is a native of New South Wales, and was raised from seed by
Mr. Fairbairn at Chelsea many years ago. Our figure was drawn in
August 1794 at Mr. Robinson's, Stockwell.
The stem is shrubby, about 2 feet high, with numerous opposite
round smooth leafy branches, whose cuticle is scarcely striped.
Leaves opposite, each pair crossing the next, sessile, from 4 to +
an inch long, spreading, of a narrow elliptical form, entire, point-
less, without any prominent rib or veins, smooth, copiously dotted


70
with resinous dots, the seat of a very aromatic essential oil. Flowers
but few together, lateral, sessile, on short lateral branches. Calyx
turbinate, smooth. Petals purple. Filaments of the same colour,
opposite to them, and twice as long, feathered half-way down or
more, their branches curved inwards. Stamens yellow. Style purple,
with a simple whitish stigma. Capsule globular, crowned with the
hardened teeth of the calyx. Seeds small and numerous.
It is rather a tender green-house plant, seldom kept long by any
body, but easily renewed from seed. The soil should be like that
in which the heath kind are cultivated.
M. Ventenat’s figure is taken from a very imperfect specimen;
and we trust the addition of the fruit, and of an English description,
with the correction of the name, will excuse our giving what is
already well figured by Mr. Andrews, which we mean generally to
avoid.
a, a calyx. b, b petals, c, c, c, C stamens. d style. e, e fruit.

- º z zºo.º. Zºº 3 ºf ºver& Zºº
-


71
Sun-flower Virgilia.
SYNGENESIA Polygamia frustranea.
Calyx of a double row of leaves. Corolla radiant: marginal
florets 3-cleft. Seed-crown of several chaffy awned leaves.
Receptacle convex, chaffy.
Virgilia helioides. L'heritier Monogr. t. 1, 2.
Galardia bicolor. Lamarch. Encycl. v. 2. 590.
OUR gardens were enriched with this handsome plant about the
year 1787 by M. Thouin, who sent the seeds from Paris. It was
reported to be a native of Louisiana, and was considered as a great
acquisition to the French gardens; but being an annual, and ripen-
ing seed with difficulty in Europe, it is now we believe entirely
lost. Mr. Sowerby drew it at Messieurs Lee and Kennedy's, where
it was to be seen but one season. Its beauty is alluded to in
Mr. Andrews's work, p. 357.
The French botanists have differed about its name. We prefer
that given by the celebrated L'heritier, in a monograph, or express
dissertation, on this plant, of which 12 copies only were printed,
in which he has commemorated the great Latin poet, whose Georgics
certainly entitle him to such a botanical memorial.
Root annual, branched. Stem upright, 2 or 3 feet high, much
branched, leafy, round, streaked with dark and light green, stained
with purple, and sprinkled with soft white hairs. Leaves alternate,
sessile, oblong, sinuated or toothed, rather fleshy, roughish and downy,
light green, with a single mid-rib. Flowers terminal, solitary, on
long stalks, fragrant, beautifully variegated with crimson and yellow.
Calyx of 2 rows, we scarcely find more, of lanceolate, pointed,
rough leaves. Radius of many broad 3-cleft, spreading florets;
yellow and veiny at the extremity; crimson and striped at the base ;

72
each with the rudiments of a germen, but barren. Disk of nu-
merous, tubular, 5-cleft, perfect and fertile florets, of which the
more central are yellow or greenish, the outermost purplish. Sta-
mens 5, with united antheras. Germen obovate. Stigmas 2, acute,
hairy. Seed crowned with from 5 to 8 flat, acute, chaffy scales, joined
at their base; being, as L'heritier observes, a proper calyx. Re-
ceptacle hemispherical, clothed with chaffy scales. The genus is
nearly allied to Rudbeckia.
a, a show a flower of the radius, with its abortive germen and
seed-crown. b a tubular floret of the disk, with its antheras and
stigma.

Zºº 2 zºº.º. Zºº. 2, …" ºr zºº
-
-


73
TAB. 38.
RUDBECKIA pinnata.
Fragrant Pinnated Rudbeckia.

SYNGENESIA Polygamia-frustranea.
Calya of a double row of leaves. Corolla radiant: marginal
jorets toothed. Seed crowned with 4 teeth. Receptacle
conical, scaly.
Leaves rough all over: the lower ones compound; middle
ones three- or five-cleft; uppermost undivided. Stem
rough.
Rudbeckia pinnata. Pentenat Jard. de Cels. t. 71.
RECEIVED by Lady Hume from the botanical garden at Madrid,
by the name of Rudbeckia odorata; but we do not find it mentioned
in the works of Cavanilles, nor of any other author, by that name.
It is undoubtedly the pinnata of Ventenat, though not, as that
ingenious writer supposed, the digitata of Miller and Aiton. It
flowers with us late in the autumn in the open border, being a
hardy perennial. M. Ventenat informs us it was discovered by
Michaux in the country of the Illinois.
Root fibrous, perennial. Stem erect, branched, several feet
high, furrowed, rough with short ascending bristles, as are the
flower-stalks, calyx, and leaves in every part; even the yellow
florets of the radius are rough and glandular. The lower leaves are
doubly pinnatifid, and somewhat lyrate, their lobes jagged and
decurrent; those higher up have 3 or 5 simple lobes; the upper-
*ost are simple and undivided. Flowers upright, on long, stiff,
simple stalks. Calyx of numerous spreading leaves. Radius of 8
9, 10 large spreading florets. Disk conical, dark purple, almost
black.
* receptacle and calyx. b floret of the radius, with its barren
$ºmen. c floret of the disk, d, d scales of the receptacle.
WOL. I. K
º
\ ，
（…·
\，\！
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| |-
\,
| _| 1 ||
-
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zº Zºº.
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75
TAB. 39.
EPACRIS grandiflora.
Crimson Mountain-blossom.
PENTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya imbricated. Corolla tubular. Stamens inserted into
its orifice. Scales 5 at the base of the germen. Capsule
Superior, of 5 cells, and 5 valves, with partitions from
their middle. Seeds numerous, chaffy.
Leaves heart-shaped, pungent, recurved, on footstalks.
Flowers pendulous.
Epacris grandiflora. Iſillden. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 834.
E. longiflora. Cavan. Ic. v. 4. 25. t. 844.
This beautiful and various genus seems, along with Styphelia,
Hot. of N. Holl. t. 14, to occupy the same place in the scale of
Nature in New Holland, that the Heaths do at the Cape of Good
Hope. Its name, given by Forster, expresses that it inhabits
mountains. No species has yet been raised in England; but surely
the annexed plate will excite cultivators to endeavour to obtain
home of the seeds.
E. grandiflora grows in a dry sandy soil, flowering in October,
and seems to be not uncommon about Port Jackson, as we have
received various specimens of it and several drawings. Cavanilles
had it from the same country, but his figure is not happily exe-
°uted. The stem is shrubby, 4 or 5 feet high, much branched.
Branches round, downy, leafy. Leaves evergreen, hard, rigid,
*erous, alternate, on short downy stalks, recurved, heart-
shaped, with a spinous point, entire, thick-edged, obscurely rib-
bed, nearly smooth. Flowers axillary, solitary, pendulous, on
short Scaly stalks, leaning all one way. Calyx imbricated; its
leaves ovate, sharp-pointed, fringed; the 5 innermost longest,
-


76
narrowest and equal. Corolla an inch long, tubular, smooth,
with a regular, spreading, 5-cleft, acute, white border, the tube
of an elegant crimson. Stamens short, in the mouth of the tube.
Antheras brown, 2-lobed, bursting longitudinally. Pollen yellow.
Germen superior, with 5 blunt scales at its base. Style thread-
shaped, extended beyond the stamens, with a capitate stigma.
Capsule of 5 hard, rigid, obtuse valves, with partitions from their
centre. Seeds minute, angular.
Sometimes the flowers are 4-cleft, with only 4 stamens.
a leaf with its stalk. l corolla opened to show the stamens.
c calyx and pistil. D magnified germen and its scales. e capsule.
---


L4-0
Zºº Zºº” º ºfºº Zºº


7
7
'i' A B. 40.
FPACRIS obtusifolia.
Blunt-leaved Mountain-blossom.
º PENTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya imbricated. Corolla tubular. Stamens inserted into
its orifice. Scales 5 at the base of the germen. Capsule
superior, of 5 cells, and 5 valves, with partitions from
their middle. Seeds numerous, chaffy.
Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, very obtuse, and pointless, on short
footstalks. Flowers drooping toward one side.
—-mm-mm-
SPECIMENs and coloured drawings of this hitherto nondescript
species have been sent with the former from Port Jackson. It is
said to grow likewise in dry sandy soil, and to blossom in October.
The shrubby branched stem rises to the height of about 3 feet.
The younger parts of the branches only are slightly downy. Leaves
alternate, on very short smooth stalks, spreading, elliptic-lanceolate,
smooth, rigid; flattish above; convex and ribbed beneath; their
points remarkably thick and blunt, without any spinous tips.
Flowers axillary, solitary, on very short scaly stalks, rather droop-
ing, and all inclining one way. Calyx-leaves with bearded tips,
Corolla yellowish white, or cream-coloured, with bluntish seg-
ments, the tube shorter in proportion than the last. Antheras and
stigma reddish. -
We should, from the colour of these flowers, guess them to be
fragrant in an evening. One species, the Epacris pungens of Ca-
vanilles, t. 346, but not of Curt. Mag. t. 844, is said to have
Sweet-smelling flowers.
A a magnified leaf, t corolla and stamens of the natural size.
C calyx and pistil magnified.
w
*


|
--~~~~
-
º
º
- Zº
º
-
4. Z.







70
TAB. 41.
D R O S E R A peltata.
Peltate Sun-dew.
PENTANDRIA Heragynia.
Calya 5-cleft. Petals 5. Capsule superior, of 1 cell, and 3
valves, with many Seeds.
Stem somewhat branched, leafy. Stem-leaves peltate, trian-
gular, on long stalks. Styles three.
Drosera peltata. Willden. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 1546.
ALTHOUGH our general aim in the present work is to introduce
to the curious cultivator such plants as are in every respect most
worthy of his care, it will surely not be unacceptable if we some-
times exhibit new or very extraordinary species, which can be
known by no other means, and of the cultivation of which there is
scarcely any hope. The plant in the annexed plate stands in the
predicament last mentioned. No Drosera has hitherto been pre-
served or raised in any garden. Yet as its near relation the Diomasa
can be brought from America, so as to bloom with us, for one
season at least, we need not altogether despair. Twenty years ago
there was little hope of seeing a flourishing Epidendrum in the
gardens of Europe, yet many of that tribe are now familiar to us.
This species, so remarkable for the shield-like leaves on its stem,
grows in marshy ground at Port Jackson, flowering in September.
It was originally discovered in that part of the world by Sir Joseph
Banks and Dr. Solander. Our specimens and drawings were sent
by Dr. White.
The root seems to be perennial, bearing sometimes many stems,
which are each about a span high, erect, smooth, leafy, generally
divided into two long simple clusters of red or white flowers. Ra-
dical leaves numerous, kidney-shaped; the rest peltate, alternate,
triangular; all on longish stalks, clothed on the upper side, as well --
80
as fringed, with numerous, coloured, glandular, viscid hairs, which
probably serve to catch flies, as in our British species of Sun-dew.
The calyx is also fringed and reddish. Petals obovate. Stamens 5.
Styles only 3, with fringed stigmas. Seeds numerous, minute,
angular, rugged.
a calyx and pistil. l petal. c stamen. D germen and styles
magnified. E, F capsule and seed.

º - A.
º º
º º: º
º
| |
º
-
º
-
--~~
Pº
º
º - -
/ /
ºz º.o.º. Zºº” ºr Zºº zerº
42











81
TAB. 42.
M ETROSID EROS hispida.
Rough Metrosideros.
ICOSANDRIA Monogynia.
Calyx. 5-cleft, half superior. Petals 5. Stamens much longer
than the corolla. Stigma simple. Capsule of 3 cells.
Leaves opposite; heart-shaped, and clasping the stem, at their
base. Young branches, flower-stalks and calyx bristly.
Metrosideros hispida. Trans. of Linn. Soc. v. 3. 267. Donn.
Cant. 92. Mill. Dict. ed. Mart.
M. anomala. Penten. Jard. de la Malmaison, t. 5.
Metrosidera hirsuta. Andr. Bot. t. 281. -
Angophora cordifolia. Cavan. Ic. v. 4. 21. t. 338.
—-mºsºm--
Much confusion and misconception has deformed the history of
this fine plant, which we feel it incumbent on us to clear away, as
well as to give a more characteristic figure than has yet appeared.
M. Ventenat's plate in his beautiful work was taken from so im-
Perfect and starved a specimen, that he was induced to suppose it a
different species. Mr. Andrews's, though the best, gives a wrong
idea of the stigma as well as the inflorescence, which is properly
umbellate, and this figure is, in other respects, less happy than is
usual with this ingenious artist. As to the name, which alludes to
the iron-like hardness of the wood, we can assure him that Metro-
sidera was, from the first, a vulgar corruption. The trivial name
hirsuta he seems to have accidentally written for hispida, in taking
the specific character from the Linn. Trans., a work to which he
ought to have referred. Our lamented friend Cavanilles has made
* new genus, Angophora, of this and Metrosideros costata, erro-
*ously giving to the latter alternate leaves. That supposed genus
* founded on the seeds being solitary, when ripe, in each cell. But
VOL. I. L -

82
º
this only fills up the measure of error concerning the plant before
us. Our figure shows sufficiently that the seeds, in the germen, are
numerous, though indeed most of them prove abortive.
This Metrosideros was among the first shrubs raised from seeds
collected at New South Wales, and flowered for the first time in
Mr. Hibbert's valuable collection at Clapham, where our sketch
was made in July 1798. The stem is 4 or 5 feet high, rigid,
branched, round, leafy. Leaves evergreen, very hard and stiff, oppo-
site, almost sessile, oblong, waved, clasping the stem with their heart-
shaped base. Flowers on terminal stalks, generally more or less
umbellate. The petals, and long numerous stamens, are of a
yellowish cream-colour. Stigma quite simple. Calyx thick and
angular. The branches and leaves are rough with rigid prominent
hairs; the flower-stalks, and calyx clothed with shorter, more dense,
glandular reddish hairs, like those of Robinia hispida. The plantis
preserved in the greenhouse during winter, but is not very tender.
a under side of the calyx. b section of the same, showing the
young seeds, and the insertion of the stamens, C magnified hairs.
-*---


ºf
º ºr rºº -
- - º
- º º/* -

83
TAB. 43.
DIGITALIS Thapsi.
Mullein Fow-glove.
DIDYNAMLA Angiospermia.
Calya in 5 segments. Corolla bell-shaped, 4- or 5-cleft, in-
flated. Capsule ovate, of 2 cells, with many seeds.
Segments of the calyx oblong. Corolla obtuse, its upper lip
undivided. Leaves downy, decurrent.
Digitalis Thapsi. Linn. Sp. Pl. 867. Mill. Dict. n. 2. Ait.
H. Kew. v. 2. 345. Allion. Pedem. v. 1. 70.
D. angusto verbasci folio montana. Bocc. Mus. v. 1. 108.
t. 85. f. ult.
D. verbascifolia purpurea minor perennis hispanica. Barrel.
Ic. t. 1183. f
—-mº-mm-
Boccone appears to be the only writer who has given an ac-
count of this species from wild specimens observed by himself.
Barrelier has copied his figure, the only one extant. The plant is
a native of the mountains of Tuscany and Savoy, as well as of Spain.
Miller alone seems to have cultivated it in England. The history
of its recent introduction among us will be best given in the words
of Mr. Lambert, to whom we are obliged for a fresh specimen.
“ Digitalis Thapsi has been long lost to our gardens, I believe
“ever since Miller's time. Mr. Ferdinand Baver, when collecting
“species for his intended Monography of the genus, sought it in
“vain in every curious garden about the Metropolis. This made
“me very anxious to obtain the plant from Spain, as it was almost
“the only known species wanting to our collections. On writing
“to my much-lamented friend Cavanilles, I received from him one
“small dried specimen, on which were luckily two ripe capsules.
“From these I collected many seeds, of which only two vegetated.



84
|
|
|
“By dividing the roots I obtained several plants, which flowered
“ the second year, May 1805, and are now flourishing in my
“garden at Boyton.”
The root seems to be perennial, consisting of many long fibres,
Stems several, 1 or 2 feet high, branched, leafy, round. Leaves
all sessile and decurrent, elliptic-oblong, bluntish, rounded at the
base, serrated, veiny, with several lateral ribs, downy on both
sides, of a palish green; they are alternate, except those at the
bottoms of the branches. Flowers in long terminal simple clusters,
smaller, paler, and less specious, than those of the common
D. purpurea, their internal specks being minute and purple only,
not beautifully ocellated. The form of the corolla agrees with that
species, but the calyx-lobes are somewhat narrower.
Linnaeus supposed this might be a mule produced from the pollen
of Verbascum Thapsus falling on D. purpurea; but we see little to
countenance the supposition. -
a shows the stamens and pistil separated from the rest of the
flower.


Lºz. zºo.º. Zºº º Zºº iſ** _2,…

TA B. 44.
PRO T E A rosacea.
Rosaceous Protea.
TETRANDRIA Monogynia.
Common Calyx of many leaves, imbricated, many-flowered.
Petals 4, bearing the stamens. Nut superior, closed,
with 1 seed.
Leaves simple, linear, pungent. Flowers solitary, drooping.
Calyx coloured, minutely fringed. -
Protea rosacea. Linn. Mant. 189. Syst. Peg, ed. 18, 118.
P. nana. Thunb. Diss. n. 29. Prodr. 26. Linn. Syst.
Peg. ed. 14. 139. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3.484.
P. acuifolia. Salisb. in Hooker’s Paradisus, t. 2,
Leucadendron nanum. Berg. Cap. 22.
Conophoros capensis pini folio. Pet. Gazoph. dec. 3. t. 25.
J. 7. --
A NATIVE of dry elevated places by the rivers of the country
about the Cape of Good Hope, particularly near Rood Zands cas-
cade, as we learn from the rich herbarium of G. Hibbert, Esq., to
whom we are obliged for a specimen, which exactly accords with
that of Bergius in the Linnaean collection. The annexed figure was
drawn in May 1805, at Messieurs Lee and Kennedy's.
The stem is upright, 2 or 3 feet high, much branched, the
branches tawny, smooth, round, leafy, loosely spreading. Leaves
numerous, scattered, imbricated, sessile, simple, scarcely an inch
long, linear, entire, smooth, each tipped with a sharp spine.
Flowers terminal, solitary, drooping, of an elegant rosaceous form
and colour, the imbricated spreading leaves of the calyx being of a
shining crimson, their edges finely fringed. The numerous florets .
form a dense cone, shorter than the calyx. They are reddish,



86
fringed with golden hairs. The styles of the outermost first release
themselves from the confinement of the closed tips of the corolla,
and are smooth, yellow and rigid, each bearing an oblong sulcate
style.
The excellent Thunberg probably called this plant mana out of
respect to Bergius's original name; but that being found, on further
observation, peculiarly inapplicable, surely the Linnaean denomi-
nation rosacea, which is nearly of the same date, ought to be re-
tained. Thunberg himself says “ the plant is known at first sight
by the resemblance of its flowers to a rose.” We have therefore
no occasion to adopt, or to criticise, acuifolia. Mr. Hooker, or
rather his colleague Mr. Salisbury, has made an unexpected attack
upon us in their preface*; and we perceive something from the
same quarter, given to the world in a more learned form f by an
intimate and highly respected friend of the gentleman last named.
We believe the science will be benefited by our friend's talents, in
whatever way they are directed. The more moderate he is in his
triumphs over us poor Linnaeans, the more resplendent and un-
sullied will be his own fame.
* “In all similar publications which have hitherto appeared, not even excepting the
most respectable, a considerable portion of each page has been filled with useless repeti-
tions of the classes, orders and generic characters of the sexual system.”—Hooker's preface.
+ “Observationes deaffinitatibus addidit Salisburius, quifer solus apud nos easdem
curat et studet.”—Rudge Pl. Guian, praf. p. 6. -



45
-
º
W. -
- \
- - º º
- ---
-
- º |
Lºzizéza Zºº ºr ººzºº. Zerº

87
TA. B. 45.
CAMPANULA gracilis.
Slender Roughish Bell-flower.

PENTANDRIA Monogynia.
Corolla bell-shaped, closed at the bottom by valves bearing
the stamens. Stigma 3-cleft. Capsule inferior, of 3 or 5
cells.
Leaves rough, linear-lanceolate; the lower ones bluntly
toothed. Stem round, much branched. Flowers solitary,
terminal; their tube shorter than the calyx-teeth.
Campanula gracilis. Forst. Prodr. 15. Willden. Sp. Pl. v. 1.
891. -
DRAwN from a plant which flowered in Lady Hume's collection
last summer, and which was raised from seeds collected in New
South Wales. We have compared our specimens, both wild and
cultivated, with the original one of Forster in Sir Joseph Banks’s
possession, and find no difference, except that in his the calyx is
not hairy.
The stem is a foot or more in height, much branched, leafy,
round, two-edged. Leaves linear-lanceolate, obtuse; the lower
ones opposite, bluntly toothed; the rest scattered and entire.
Flowers erect, solitary, on long terminal naked stalks. Calyx
globose, generally rough with deflexed hairs; its teeth awl-shaped,
longer than its body, or than the tube of the flower. Corolla slender
and funnel-shaped, of a rich blue within, paler without; its seg-
ments acute, fringed, sometimes only 4. Capsule of 3 cells, open-
ing by 3 valves at the summit. Every part of the herbage is rough
with very short rigid pubescence,
88
We have Monsieur Ventenat’s C. vincaflora, Jard. de la Mal-
maison, t. 12, which seems to us a distinct species, being smooth,
except some scattered longish bristles on the leaves, and having a
wider flower, with much shorter calyx-teeth, and a less globular
capsule than in our plant.
a calyx with stamens and style. b corolla. c ripe fruit cut
across. D magnified seed.
º





46
|||
ºz º.º. Zºº º ºf ſº zºº-




89
TAB. 46.
S T R U T H I O L A virgata.
Downy-branched Struthiola.
TETRANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya none. Corolla tubular, thread-shaped, 4-cleft, with
8 glands at the mouth. Berry superior, dry, with 1 seed.
Style lateral. Stigma smooth.
Leaves lanceolate, striated, ciliated. Branches and flowers
downy.
Struthiola virgata. Linn. Mant. 41. Thumb. Prod. 76.
THIS is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, for specimens of
which we are obliged to Messieurs Lee and Kennedy, who have for
some time cultivated it in their greenhouse. It flowers in May, and
is fragrant. -
Stem 2 or 3 feet high, branched, upright, wand-like; the branches
obscurely quadrangular, leafy, clothed with fine short silky hairs.
Leaves opposite, imbricated in four rows, sessile, lanceolate, entire,
concave, more or less fringed, striated and smooth at the back,
with a glaucous hue. Flowers axillary, solitary, sessile, longer than
the leaves, with a pair of fringed bracteas at their base. Corolla
buff-coloured with a red tinge, silky externally; its tube long and
slender; limb spreading; orifice red, bristly and crowned with 8
Spreading glands. Stamens 4, short, enclosed in the mouth of the
tube. Germen superior, smooth. Style lateral, slender, shorter
than the tube. Stigma obtuse, smooth.
Differences of opinion concerning the terms calyx and corolla
are endless. We here adopt what appears to be sanctioned by the
analogy of other plants.
A magnified flower opened longitudinally, with its bracteas.
*glands. C antheras, D style. -
VOL. I. M


47
ººz zºo.º. Zºzºz & Zºº Jº Zerº”



01
TAB. 47.
DAPHINE odora.
Sweet-scented Chinese Daphne.
OCTANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya none. Corolla 4-cleft, naked at the mouth, perma-
nent. Stamens in 2 rows, within the tube. Berry su-
perior, with 1 seed. Stigma capitate, almost sessile.
Flowers sessile, in terminal clusters. Leaves ovate, alternate,
Smooth.
Daphne odora. Thunb. Jap. 159. Ait. H. Kew. v. 2. 26.
Banks. Ic. Kaempf. t. 16.
If this species of Daphne were constant in producing flowers, few
shrubs would be more desirable in a greenhouse. Indeed it is almost
hardy enough to bear our ordinary winters abroad. It blossoms in
the early spring, always copiously when it blossoms at all, and dif-
fuses a powerful and delightful fragrance while it lasts. It is pro-
pagated by grafting on the Daphne Laureola, or by cuttings. To
have the more chance of flowers, it is best to keep a great number
of plants.
We are told in the Horius Kewensis that this plant was intro-
* duced to our gardens in 1771 by B. Torin, Esq. It is a native of
China and Japan. When first known here it was taken for D. in-
dica, and so called; but that mistake was set right by a little exami-
nation, and the name of Thunberg adopted. Such corrections often
make the ignorant complain of changes of names. It is much to
be wished that botanists, whose authority ought to be decisive,

92
would never give more just cause for such complaints. Erroneous
or bad names must and ought to be corrected.
This shrub is smooth, branched, 2 or 3 feet high, with numerous
alternate laurel-like leaves. Flowers in dense bracteated terminal
clusters, white, often reddish in decay, lasting for 2 or 3 weeks.
Berries never ripened in England. Very often the stem becomes
broad or fasciculated, producing an inordinate quantity of flowers.
a a flower cut open to show its internal parts.




****,
Jºriz. zºos, Zºzzº º

93
TAB. 48.
LAMIUM garganicum.
Woolly Archangel.
DIDYNAMIA Gymnospermia.
Calyx. 5-cleft, its teeth awl-shaped, spreading. Upper lip
of the corolla undivided, vaulted; lower 2-lobed; orifice
inflated, toothed at each side.
Leaves heart-shaped, downy. Corolla swelling underneath;
its tube straight; orifice with two teeth at each side.
Lamium garganicum. Linn. Sp. Pl. 808. Ait. H. Kew. v. 2.
297.
L. garganicum subincanum, flore purpurascente, cum labio
superiori crenato. Till. Pis. 93. t. 34. f. 1.
A HARDY ornamental plant, but perhaps too like our wild Dead
Nettles to be a general favourite. It grows however without trouble,
and flowers copiously in May. Few gardens possess this plant,
which is a native of Italy, and seems to have been discovered by the
celebrated Micheli. It has grown in Chelsea garden ever since
Miller's time, who probably obtained it from its discoverer.
Root fibrous, perennial. Stems numerous, a foot and half high,
roundish with 4 angles, thick and juicy, rather hairy. Leaves
heart-shaped, crenate, soft and downy, of a greyish hue. Flowers
numerous, large, elegantly striped and variegated with pale purple
and white; their orifice much inflated, and furnished with only 2
teeth at each side, one of which is rather obsolete. Antheras white,
with orange pollen.
0 calyx and bractea. U corolla and stamens, c the same ex-
Panded, d germen and style,


49
| _Ñ|-
：|×
№.
|-|
（ ）
º
º º ºr





95
|
TAB. 49.
U V U L A R I A perfoliata.
Pale Perfoliate Uvularia.
HEXANDRIA Monogynia.
Corolla of 6 upright petals. Nectary a chink in the base of
each. Filaments very short.
Leaves perfoliate, elliptical, obtuse. Corolla bell-shaped,
rough on the inside. Antheras pointed.
Uvularia perfoliata. Linn. Sp. Pl. 437. Ait. H. Kew. v. 1.
434.
A NATIVE of North America, said to have been introduced
among us by the celebrated Peter Collinson in 1734. It thrives well
in moist shady gardens, flowering in May. We have received it
from Chelsea garden. -
Root perennial, of several fleshy fibres. Stem herbaceous, an-
nual, erect, about a foot high, round, smooth, leafy, often a little
branched or subdivided. Leaves alternate, perfoliate, elliptical,
entire, obtuse with a slight point, ribbed, smooth on both sides, paler
beneath, flat, not waved, at the base. Flowers terminal, solitary,
pendulous, on short stalks. Petals scarcely above half an inch
long, of a very pale greenish buff-colour, their inner side rough
with yellowish protuberances. Antheras tipped with a small point
or awn. Nectary very small and linear.
a, a inner side of the petals, l, l stamen, c germen and style.
D stigma.


|
-
ºz º.º. Zºº º 'º …



97
TAB. 50.
UVULARIA flava.
Small Yellow Uvularia.
HEXANDRIA Monogynia.

Corolla of 6 upright petals. Nectary a chink in the base of
each. Filaments very short.
Leaves perfoliate, elliptic-oblong, bluntish, waved at the bottom.
Corolla tapering at the base, rough on the inside. An-
theras pointed.
Uvularia caule perfoliato. Gron. Wirg. 51, ex descr, clay-
tonianā.
THIS has also been brought from North America to our gardens,
where it flowers in May or early in June.
Many persons suppose it a variety of the plant in our last plate,
but we presume them to be distinct, though it is very difficult to
express a specific distinction. As the whoke genus is at present a
mass of confusion in authors, the species not well defined and the
synonyms glaringly misapplied, we cannot at once expect to eluci-
date the subject completely.
In this the leaves are rather oblong, and much inclined to be re-
volute. Their base which surrounds the stem is waved. The flower
is remarkably different, larger, more taper and elongated, with
narrower sharper petals, an inch long, yellow, with orange-coloured
tubercles on the inside. The point of the anthera is also longer and
more conspicuous.
a, a, a inner side of petals. l, B stamen with its anthera and
point. c germen and style. -
WOL. I.
N
- º º -

99
TAB. 51.
UV U L A R T A grandiflora.
Large Yellow Uvularia.
HEXANDRIA Monogynia.
Corolla of 6 upright petals. Nectary a chink in the base of
each. Filaments very short.
Leaves perfoliate, oblong, acute. Petals smooth on both sides.
Antheras almost pointless. Nectary roundish.
Polygonatum ramosum flore luteo majus. Cornut. Canad. 38.
t. 39 P -
Sigillum indicum flore luteo. Stap. in Theophr. 1067. f. 3.
RECEIVED from North America by Messieurs Lee and Kennedy,
in whose garden at Hammersmith we have observed it for three
years past, flowering in the beginning of May.
It differs from our U. flava, t. 50, in being nearly twice as large,
the leaves much more oblong, more undulated at the base, and
more pointed at the end. The flowers are of a brighter yellow.
Petals much above an inch long, smooth on both sides, more con-
spicuously ribbed. Nectary roundish. Antheras longer and more
linear, either quite destitute of any point, or with merely the rudi-
ments of a small awn. -
It thrives with the same kind of treatment as the two preceding,
but flowers nearly a month earlier.
We find the lowermost flower commonly with only 5 petals,
5 stamens, and 2 stigmas. Bodaeus à Stapel, in the place above
quoted, describes his plant as having 5 petals.
a, a petals. b, B nectary, c, c stamens. d germen and style....

32
º,
Zºº
-Z
º
* | *
// /
º
…
--
-
º- ºr -

101
TAB. 52.
U V U L A. R. I. A sessilifolia.
Sessile-leaved Uvularia.
HEXANDRIA Monogynia.
Corolla of 6 upright petals. Nectary a chink in the base of
each. Filaments very short.
Leaves sessile. Petals smooth. Nectary oblong.
Uvularia sessilifolia. Linn. Sp. Pl. 437. Willden. Sp. Pl.
v. 2.95. Donn. Cant. 58.
—-mº-m-
DRAwN on the 3d of June 1805 in the nursery of Messieurs
Lee and Kennedy, who received it from North America. It is not
mentioned in the Hortus Kewensis. Mr. Donn says it came into
this country in 1791. Linnaeus had his specimen from Kalm, and
we find no further account of the species than what he has given,
nor does it seem to be any where figured.
In size, and colour of the flower, this plant most accords with
U. perfoliata, but in general habit it more resembles our grandiflora.
From both it essentially differs in having sessile, not perfoliate,
- leaves, which are of an elliptic-lanceolate form, scarcely perceptibly
downy beneath. The petals are ribbed, always 6, smooth on both
sides. Nectary oblong. Antheras pointless.
It requires the same treatment as the two species above men-
tioned, and flowers with the perfoliata.
a outer petal. l inner petal, c germen and style, with 2 of the
stamens,



103
TAB. 53.
SARRACENIA adunca.
Hook-leaved Side-saddle-flower.
POLY ANDRIA Monogynia.
Petals 5. Outer Calya of 3 leaves; inner of 5. Capsule
of 5 cells, sheltered by the permanent shield-like stigma.

Leaves cylindrical, the length of the flower-stalk; with a
roundish inflexed appendage.
Sarracenia minor. Walt. Carol. 153?
THIS has been for some years cultivated with success in the stove
of Messieurs Lee and Kennedy; for though a native of Carolina, it
cannot be kept in health in England without great care. It flowers
in July, and is perennial. r
It is most allied to S. flava, see Curt. Mag. t. 780, but differs
widely in the form and position of the appendage to the leaf, which
in our plant is roundish, vaulted, and always hooked or incurved,
so as to cover the orifice beneath, and exclude rain. The tube of
the leaf is narrower than in flava, and the lateral expansion broader.
The flowers are smaller. We presume this may be S. minor of
Walter; but as the name is uncertain and not expressive, we have
chosen one which expresses the very essential character of the
species, which we have often observed and never found to vary.
The remarkable stigma of this genus is more like a pillion than a
side-saddle,
A is a magnified stamen with its singularly-formed anthera.
-
-
2.2%,
-
Lazº
ººzzº ZººZºº & Zºº Jºeº, Zºº 9–T.
-




105
TA B. 54.
BESLERIA melittifolia.
Dalm-leaved Besleria.
DIDYNAMIA Angiospermia.
Calya in 5 deep segments. Berry roundish, of 1 cell, with
many seeds.
Flower-stalks branched. Leaves ovate.
Besleria melittifolia. Linn. Sp. Pl. 862. Donn. Cant. 115.
B. melissae Tragi folio. Plum. Ic. 36. t. 48.
WE were shown this plant by our worthy friend the late Mr. Lee
of Hammersmith, for the first time, in 1789, when it was in flower
in his stove. Mr. Donn therefore has erroneously marked 1793 as
the year of its introduction. We have not observed it in any other
collection. It is a native of South America, and flowers with us in
June or July.
It is a low shrub of luxuriant growth and juicy texture. The
stem is round, branched, downy. Leaves opposite, on long stalks,
ovate, acute, crenate, decurrent, veiny, downy, pale beneath.
Flower-stalks axillary, divided or somewhat umbellate, downy, with
acute bracteas at their subdivisions. Calyx-leaves ovate, slightly
serrated. Corolla purple, with a straight tube, and spreading limb
in 5 obtuse segments. Stamens and style shorter than the tube.
The berry we have not seen. -
This genus was named by Plumier in honour of Basil Besler, the
editor of the unwieldy Hortus Eystettensis.
A dissection of the flower having been neglected at the time of

the drawing, we can only give a general view of this rare plant.
VOL. I. O
22- . .223 Zºº & Zºº, Zºº

107
TAB. 55.
MELALEUCA genistifolia.
IBroom-leaved Melaleuca.
POLYADELPHIA Polyandria.
Calya 5-cleft, half superior. Petals 5. Filaments numerous,
very long, united into 5 parcels. Style 1. Capsule of 3
cells.
Leaves scattered, lanceolate, sharp-pointed, three-ribbed,
closely dotted. Flowers loosely scattered, on terminal
branches. Filaments branched towards the extremity.
Melaleuca genistifolia. Sm. Trans. of Linn. Soc. v. 3. 277.
THIS species of Melaleuca was sent to Sir Joseph Banks from Port
Jackson by the late Mr. David Burton. It is unknown in the gar-
dens, but we have a drawing of it among those brought to England
by Dr. White, which we have compared with our specimens. To
this drawing the following account is annexed:
“The White Tea Trce grows about 20 or 25 feet in height, in
good soil and mostly near the water side. When in blossom it is
nearly white. Flowers in November.”
The branches are slightly angular, smooth. Leaves scattered, on
short foot-stalks, lanceolate, entire, sharp-pointed, scarcely half
an inch long, marked with 3 obscure ribs, and sprinkled all over
with minute resinous dots. They have an agreeable, but not strong,
aromatic flavour. Flowering branches slightly downy. Flowers
sessile, in alternate pairs, white. Claws of the stamens about as long
as the petals (not twice as long) before they branch. Style hairy.
A a leaf. B calyx and style. C petal. D stamen. All magnified.

º
º .
º -
sº:
zºº º º

100
TAB. 56.
M. E. L. A. L E U C A linarifolia.
Toad-flat-leaved Melaleuca.
POLYADELPHIA Polyandria.
Calyx. 5-cleft, half superior. Petals 5. Filaments numerous,
very long, united into 5 parcels. Style 1. Capsule of 3
cells. -
Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate, three-ribbed, closely dotted
beneath. Flowers loosely scattered on terminal branches.
Filaments pinnated.
Melaleuca linarifolia. Sm. Trans. of Linn. Soc. v. 3. 278.
Donn. Cant. 144.
Metrosideros hyssopifolia. Cavan. Ic. v. 4. 20. t. 336. f. 1.

DR. WHITE describes this as a large tree with very thick spongy
bark which is used in New South Wales for tinder. The branches
are round of slightly angular, smooth. Leaves opposite, nearly
sessile, linear-lanceolate, entire, acute but not pungent, of a light
green, 3-ribbed, covered with resinous dots beneath, Smooth above.
Flowers numerous, opposite, white or tinged with red. Stamens
pinnated from the base to the summit. Style short, smooth. Fruit
smooth, hemisphaerical.
Gaertner and Cavanilles, knowing many of the plants of this tribe
by their fruit only, have rather rashly reduced them all, without
discrimination, to the genus Metrosideros, from which Melaleuca
differs in its stamens, and Leptospermum in its stigma and whole
habit.
A leaf. B calyx and style. C petal. D stamen. E separate
filaments. All more or less magnified, f fruit of the natural size.
|-
：
|-
ºr
º
Zºº Jº ZoºZoº.
zº,
-
22/-zºº
Zºecº º
º-
- Z.
º





111
TAB. 57.
ROXB U R G HIA viridiflora.
Green-flowered Rowburghia.
TETRANDRIA Monogynia.
Petals 4, spreading. Filaments lanceolate, keeled, bearing
the antheras on their inside, crowned with an appendage.
Capsule superior, with 1 cell, 2 valves, and many seeds.
Roxburghia gloriosoides. Roxb. Pl. of Coromandel, v. 1. 30.
t, 32 °
Roots of this singular plant were sent by Dr. Roxburgh to
Lady Hume, from the coast of Coromandel, some time since.
Being cultivated in a stove, they flowered last April, for the first
time in Europe.
They were marked Roxburghia gloriosoides, and were presumed
to belong to the very species figured and described by Dr. Roxburgh
in his work on Coromandel Plants, vol. 1. t. 32. But on com-
paring his beautiful figure with our specimens, it seems not im-
probable that there may be more than one species of Roxburghia.
There is no doubt however concerning the genus, which is very
curious and distinct, and justly bears the name of its worthy dis-
coverer. We have given our plant a new specific name, not only
on account of the above uncertainty, but because the termination
oides properly belongs to words derived from the Greek.
The roots are perennial, tuberous and fleshy. Stem climbing
to the height of 12 or 15 feet, without tendrils, spiral, angular,
smooth, branched, leafy. Lower leaves alternate to the height of
about 5 feet, the rest opposite; all spreading, on smooth channelled
foot-stalks, ovate, pointed, entire, smooth, thin and pliable, with
about 7 or 9 ribs, and innumerable fine transverse veins. Stipulas
none. Flower-stalks axillary, solitary, shorter than the leaves,
smooth, curved downwards, branched, each bearing 2, 3 or 4
flowers. Bracteas solitary under each branch, lanceolate, acutely:

I 12
pointed. Flowers ascending, each on a short thick recurved partial
stalk, not striking in colour, but very remarkable for their offensive
smell, which is like that of rotten cheese, corrupted water, or the
stinking morel, Phallus foetidus. Calyx none. Petals four, near
two inches long, spreading, equal, regular, lanceolate, acute,
many-ribbed, green, their ribs of a dull purple on the upper side.
Filaments opposite to the petals and nearly as long, awl-shaped,
fleshy; dull purple in their lower part; green above; furrowed on
their inside, below the middle, so as to form a double cell. Anthera
of two separate linear deep-violet lobes, one lodged in each cell of
the filament, and crowned by one common lanceolate green furrowed
appendage, like an abortive anthera, and which we dare not call
(with Dr. Roxburgh) a nectary. The pollen is of a dark violet
colour, and soon falls to the bottom of the flower, where it rolls
about like quicksilver. Germen superior, small, sessile, ovate,
green. Stigma sessile, roundish. The capsule of this genus, ac-
cording to Dr. Roxburgh, consists of 2 concave valves, with one
cell, and many upright, cylindrical, furrowed seeds, each on a
stalk clothed with little vesicles. In his plate the flowers are but
half the size of ours, on erect stalks; the petals of a tawny yellow;
antheras yellow; leaves heart-shaped; differences which surely in-
dicate a distinct species.
We have no difficulty in referring Rowburghia to the order of
Asparagi in Jussieu, to many genera of which it betrays a manifest
affinity. The analogies of these genera have helped us to denominate
the parts of the flower, which at first sight is by no means easy.
a filament. b one of the lobes of the anthera. c pollen fallen.
out. d appendage to the anthera. e barren point of the filament.
j germen. F magnified section of the germen.
-
-
-
--
-
-*


Lºrz zºo.º. Zºº & Zºº ºver 30, Zºº”
º

113
TAB. 58.
GOMPHOLOBIUM fimbriatum.
Tºringed Air-pod.
DECANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya bell-shaped, simple, in 5 deep segments. Corolla papi-
lionaceous. Stigma simple, acute. Pod inflated, spherical,
of 1 cell, with many seeds.
Leaves ternate, obovato-oblong, flat, veiny. Branches an-
gular, smooth. Keel fringed.
Gompholobium latifolium. Ann. of Bot. v. 1.505.
G. psoraleaefolium. Salisb. Parad. t. 6.
THIS, like the species figured in our 5th plate, is a native of New
South Wales, near Port Jackson. It flowered this summer at
Messrs. Lee and Kennedy's, from whence our figure was taken.
The branches are angular, smooth, minutely dotted. Leaves scat-
tered, ternate, almost sessile; their leaflets smooth, veiny, entire,
oblong, approaching to an obovate or wedge shape, sometimes
more acute. Stipulas very minute. Flowers on axillary bracteated
stalks, generally solitary, large and handsome, remarkable for a
dense white woolly fringe which borders their keel, and distinguishes
them from all the other species we have seen. Having been in-
formed of another with much broader leaves in the gardens, I have
judged it best to change my original name latifolium, (not yet
become general so as to cause any confusion,) for one expressive of
the essential character.


a calyx. b keel. c standard. d, d wings with their slender foot-
stalks. e germen and style.
WOL. I. P
-
2.9
ºz. zºo.º. ººz & Cº. ſº z. zºº

TAB. 59.
LEPTOSPERMUM ambiguum.
Ambiguous Leptospermum.
ICOSANDRIA Monogynia.
Calya 5-cleft, half superior. Petals 5, with claws, generally
longer than the stamens. Stigma capitate. Capsule of 4
or 5 cells. Seeds angular.
Leaves linear-lanceolate, recurved. Calyx nearly smooth; its
segments leafy, lanceolate, naked. Stamens longer than
the corolla.
Leptospermum ambiguum. Sm. Trans. of Linn. Soc. v. 3.264.
Metrosideros corifolia. Pent. Jard. de Malm. t. 46.
A. NATIVE of New South Wales, not uncommon in our green-
houses, where it blossoms plentifully in the summer months. It
differs from all the other species hitherto investigated of the most
natural genus Leptospermum, in having the stamens longer than the
corolla; but the capitate stigma most decidedly distinguishes this
genus from Metrosideros; see t. 42.
The stem is shrubby, much branched; the branches downy.
Leaves numerous, alternate, almost sessile, short, linear-lanceolate,
entire, acute, more or less recurved and often roughish; aromatic
when bruised. Flowers numerous, axillary, solitary, almost sessile,
white, with numerous spreading white stamens, by which they are

known at first sight. The leaves vary in breadth.
A magnified leaf. B calyx and style. C a stamen still more
enlarged.
ºf z º.º. Zºº. º


117
TAB. 60.
CYMBIDIUM hyacinthinum,
Hyacinthine Cymbidium.
GYNANDRIA Diandria.
Nectary a lip concave at the base, without a spur. Petals 4
or 5, plain at their base. Lid vertical. Flowers some-
times reversed.
Root tuberous. Leaves lanceolate, many-ribbed. Flowers
upright, racemose, on partial stalks. Lip beardless, fur-
rowed, four-lobed.
A NATIVE of the island of Trinidad, for which we are obliged to
our liberal friend Thomas Evans, Esq., of the East India House,
in whose choice collection it first flowered in the autumn of 1803.
It seems not yet to have been noticed by any author, not even in
the ample enumeration of species in Dr. Swartz’s Treatise on the
Orchideae, where this new genus is first established. In natural affi-
nity Cymbidium comes nearest to Dendrobium, see t. 10, 11, and
32, from which it differs essentially in the want of a pouch or spur
in the base of the petals; a character perhaps rather artificial, but in
so large and intricate a family any mark which is not variable be-
comes important.
The root is tuberous and creeping, growing in the earth, not
(like many of the genus) on trees, and throwing out long simple
fibres. Stems several, erect, short, leafy, perfectly simple. Leaves
sheathing, lanceolate, acute, plaited, with many longitudinal ribs.
Cluster of flowers terminal, solitary, erect, simple, about a span
long, bearing 4 or 5 large flowers on alternate partial stalks, each
accompanied by a deciduous sheathing bractea. Petals spreading,
purplish red. Lip about half their length; its centre longitudinally
furrowed, and variegated with red and white; its border 4-lobed,


118
purple. Lid of the stamens moveable, partly concealed by the edges
of the column.
This species ranges next to Limodorum tuberosum and altum of
Linnaeus, and would by him have been referred to that genus.
A shows the lip and column somewhat magnified: B summit of
the column, with the lid and stamens still further enlarged.



INDEX To VOL. I.
Tab. Tab.
BESLERIA melittifolia – 54 Lamium garganicum — — 48
Bignonia undulata — — 19 Leptospermum ambiguum — 59
Blandfordia nobilis — — 4 Linum trigynum — — 17
Campanula gracilis — — 45 Melaleuca ericifolia — — 34
Crassula lactea - – 33 —- genistifolia — – 55
Cyamus Nelumbo — – 31, 32 —- linarifolia — — 56
Cymbidium hyacinthinum – 60 —- nodosa — — 35
Daphne odora - – 47 —- thymifolia — — 36
Dendrobium linguiforme — 11 Mespilus grandiflora — — 18
- punctatum — 12 Metrosideros hispida — — 42
- speciosum — 10 Mirabilis longiflora — — 23
Digitalis Thapsi - — 43 Passiflora suberosa — — 28
Dilatris corymbosa — — 16 Protea rosacea tº- – 44
Dillenia speciosa — — 2, 3 Rhododendron arboreum — 6
Dillwynia ericifolia — — 25 Roxburghia viridiflora — — 57
floribunda — — 26 Rudbeckia pinnata — — 38
Diuris aurea - — 9 Sarracenia adunca — — 53
- maculata - — 30 Stratiotes alismoides — — 15
-- punctata - — 8 Struthiola virgata — — 46
Drosera peltata - – 41 Tetratheca ericifolia — — 20
Epacris grandiflora — — 39 —-- glandulosa – 21
obtusifolia — — 40
Glaucium fulvum — — 7 Thelymitra ixioides — —
Gompholobium fimbriatum – 58 Uvularia flava — — —
—-- thymifolia — — 22
-- grandiflorum 5 -- grandiflora — —
Hamellia patens - – 24 —-- perfoliata — —
Humea elegans - — 1 -- sessilifolia — —
Ipomopsis elegans — — 13 Viminaria denudata — —
- inconspicua — — 14 Virgilia helioides — — 37



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