IN ST I T L -114" F ri RT, 84-10 FISHERIES DIVISION TECHNICAL REPORT Little Manistee River Harvest Weir - and Chinook Salmon Egg-Take Report, 1983.9 "iýz Number 84-10 )ctober 12, 1984 I I I I U I.., I Michigan Department of Natural Resources /f MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FISHERIES DIVISION Fisheries Techni cal Report No. 84-10 October 12, 1984 LITTLE MANISTEE RIVER HARVEST WEIR AND CHINOOK SALMON EGG-TAKE REPORT, 1983 Ralph L. Hay 2 Introduction As part of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources salmon management program for Lake Michigan, the Little Manistee River has been planted annually since 1976 with both coho and chinook salmon (Table 1). Construction of a blocking weir, fish ladder, holding ponds, and harvest facility on the river, about 5 miles upstream from Manistee Lake, Manistee County, began in 1967 and was completed in 1968 (Fig. 1). All chinook and coho salmon reaching the weir are harvested and sold to a commercial contractor. Normally, all other salmonids are passed upstream. The few salmon that enter the river when the weir is not in operation provide a limited stream fishery. The Little Manistee weir is Michigan's primary source for chinook eggs for in-state and out-of-state hatchery rearing and serves as a back-up (to the Platte River upper weir) for coho eggs. The facility is also used to monitor fall steelhead runs and each spring provides the majority of steelhead eggs for instate hatchery rearing. Biological data have been collected on chinook and other anadromous salmonids since 1968. From 1968 through 1978 chinook fingerlings were stocked in the Little Manistee River at an average rate of 322,157 per year (Table 1). Beginning in 197.9, the planting rate was increased by over 80% to an average of 586,224 fingerlings. Substantial runs of returning adults have been produced but run size has not been closely related to stocking rate. The number of chinook actually harvested at the weir has varied between 11,136 (in 1977) and 39,359 (in 1983) (Table 2). 3 the 1967 and 1968 year classes and plants, return rates were 1.8-1.9% at age 0.1, 3.4-3.5% at age 0.2, and 2.0-3.1% at age 0.3 (Table 3). Comparable estimates cannot be made for the 1969-82 plants because the age composition of the run has not been monitored consistently; however, for jacks alone returns have averaged 0.6%. The return rate of chinook salmon to the weir has declined through the years. Return rates by chinook of all ages totaled 8.5% for the 1967 plant and 7.2% for the 1968 plant (Table 3). Return rates for subsequent plants cannot be estimated individually, but can be approximated by grouping data. Stocking in 1969-77, at an average rate of 313,444 fingerlings per year, produced runs averaging 20,339 jacks and adults in 1972-78. This was a return rate of 6.5%. Similarly, stocking in 1978-81, at an average rate of 513,400, produced runs averaging 13,084 in 1981-82--a return rate of only 2.6%. However, a large run did occur in 1983, suggesting that this downward trend may be reversing. These return rates represent only the weir harvest, and do not include the angler harvest, which has increased since the 1960's. Growth rate of chinooks has fluctuated considerably (Table 4; Fig. 3).9 Average weight has varied from 3.0 to 9.5 pounds for age 0.1, from 10.1 to 20.9 pounds for age 0.2, and from 15.5 to 29.2 pounds for age 0.3. Annual plants of yearling coho salmon in the Little Manistee River have varied widely, from 91,674 in 1971 to 700,002 in 1969 (Table 1). Annual runs of coho to the weir have varied from 2,314 in 1972 to 108,400 in 1970 (Table 5). The retuirn rate ofijarcks '(age 1.0n) has beean relaivel low 4 adult coho decreased from 8.7 pounds in 1968 to less than 5.0 pounds in 1979, then increased to 7.0 pounds by 1983. It is assumed that the annual variations in size are primarily related to a combination of predator density and forage density in Lake Michigan. The Little Manistee River is one of the top quality steelhead streams in Michigan. The fishery is supported entirely by natural reproduction. However, a plant of 100,188 fall fingerlings was made in 1974 and, from 1981 through 1983, annual plants were made in conjunction with a research project on steelhead production (Table 1). The number of steelhead returning to the weir each fall has not been consistent, ranging from 320 in 1978 to 7,523 in 1971 (Table 6). mean weight for steelhead (all age groups) has varied from 6.5 pounds in 1973 to 9.3 pounds in 1972 (Table 6). Small runs of anadromous brown trout occur in the Little Manistee River. The largest run, 238, was in 1975 (Table 7). Atlantic salmon yearlings were first planted in the Little Manistee River in 1977 (Table 1). Subsequent plants have been made in an attempt to establish this new species. Until 1983 only an occasional fish had been captured. Harvest Weir Operation, 1983 On September 6, 1983, the weir grates were installed, blocking all anadromous fish. On September 17 the ponds were filled and the fish ladder was activated. Harvest operations began on September 19. The weir remained 5 Chinook salmon Harvest of chinook salmon began September 19 and ended October 31, a period of 43 days. Two peak harvests occurred, the first during early October and the second near the end of October (Fig. 6). The first major run of chinook entered the facility in late September but these fish were held for ripening. A total of 39,359 chinook were harvested in 1983, a record high for the weir. The calculated total weight of all chinook, in the round, was 534,595 pounds (Table 8). The total weight, including stripped females, sold to Tempotech Industries was 493,646 pounds. Each week of the run, biological data were obtained from a randomly selected sample of 100 chinook to provide information on age composition and growth. The total harvest consisted of 8,865 (22.5%) age-0.1 jacks weighing 39,396 pounds, 17,637 (44.8%) age-0.2 adults weighing 246,467 pounds, and 12,857 (32.7%) age-0.3 adults weighing 248,732 pounds (Table 8). The 1983 run of jacks was the second largest on record (Table 2) and represented 1.5% of the fingerlings stocked in 1982 (Fig. 2). The returning age0.2 adults were 3.5% of the 1981 plant and the age-0.3 adults were 2.3% of the 1980 plant. Females constituted 40% of the 1983 run with 0.4% being age 0.1, 38.8% age 0.2, and 65.2% age 0.3. Mean lengths and weights (males and females combined) were: age 0.1, 22.0 inches and 4.4 pounds; age 0.2, 33.6 inches and 14.0 pounds; age 0.3, 37.0 inches and 19.3 pounds (Table 9). Age-0.2 female chinook were larger than age-0.2 males, but just the opposite was true for age-0.3 chinook (Table 9). Only one chinook (0.1%) had a fresh lamprey wound (Table 10). Likewise, only one chinook had a clip (left maxillary). Color of skin (silver versus dark) and flesh (pink verses pale) were examined on 700 fish. Flesh color was examined in a small (1-2 inch) cut near the anal opening. 6 All chinook entering the facility were classified as dark skinned with pale flesh color. The 1983 chinook egg-take operations began September 29 and ended October 21. During the 22-day period 27,971,798 eggs were collected of which 13,638,598 were for in-state rearing and 14,333,200 were for out-of-state commitments (Table 11). A total of 5,837 female chinook (ages 0.2 and 0.3) were stripped, excluding those female which yielded low-quality eggs or were otherwise unsatisfactory. Assuming that about 8,000 females were handled to provide the 28 million eggs, a total run of 20,000 chinook (8,000/40% females) should provide sufficient eggs for current in-state and out-of-state requirements. Coho salmon In 1983, the coho harvest coincided with the chinook harvest (September 19 through October 31, a total of 43 days) except that peak harvest of coho occurred on September 23 (Fig. 7). Since coho were not held for egg-take, the harvest dates roughly coincide with migration of coho into the river. A total of 26,968 coho were harvested. The total weight, calculated from biological samples, was 175,157 pounds. The total weight reported shipped to Tempotech Industries, which included some calculations from sampling to determine skin and flesh color, was 185,502 pounds. The age composition of the harvested coho was 2,704 (10.0%) age 1.0 jacks weighing 5,066 pounds and 24,264 (90.0%) age-l.l adults weighing 170,091 pounds (Table 12). The returning age-l.0 jacks were 0.6% of the 1983 plant and 7 No lamprey wounds were observed on coho. Clips were found on 5 adults (3 right maxillary and 2 left maxillary). The Great Lakes Fisheries Commission has no record of maxillary clips being approved for coho yearlings planted in 1982 (Margaret Ross, personal communication). Skin and flesh color were examined for 700 coho sampled at approximately weekly intervals (Table 14). Most early run coho had silver skin and all had pink flesh. As the season progressed fish lost their silver sheen and by late October most coho were dark. Flesh color also changed (from pink to pale) with time, but less rapidly than did skin color. Skin color was not always indicative of flesh color. Virtually all (98.5%) silver coho and (43.2%) of the dark coho had pink colored flesh (Table 15). Males retained their pink flesh color longer than females. No coho eggs were taken at the Little Manistee weir in 1983. Steelhead trout The fall steelhead run occurred earlier than normal in 1983 and peaked during the first week in October (Fig. 8). As in most previous years, all steelhead were passed above the weir. The 1983 run of 3,100 fish was the largest since 1975, even though the weir operated fewer days. Fifty-one percent (51%) of the returning adults were age 2.1 or 2.2 (Table 16). These two age groups also represented 62% of the total estimated weight of 21,197 pounds. Mean lengths and weights for the 10 different age groups are given in Table 17. Size of returning adults is more dependent upon years spent in Lake Michigan than on age at smolting (Fig. 9). An intensive study of steelhead and their reproduction in the Little Manistee River is being conducted by Paul Seelbach, Institute for Fisheries Research, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. 8 Brown trout Only 43 brown trout were passed upstream in 1983 (Table 7). Atlantic salmon Twelve Atlantic salmon were collected at the weir and passed upstream. All were age-l.l Sebago strain salmon that had been planted in the Little Manistee River in 1982 as yearlings and marked with an adipose fin clip. Most were ripe males averaging about 5 pounds. Acknowledgements Most of the data collection and tabulation were done by Alfred Allen and Janice Sapak. George Beyerle and Paul Seelbach provided technical advice. Ludwig Frankenberger, George Beyerle, and James Schneider reviewed the report. Summary In 1983 the Little Manistee harvest weir was in operation from September 19 through November 7 (56 days). Harvest of chinook and coho salmon and passage of other anadromous salmonids occurred during the 43 days from September 19 through October 31. The entire run of 39,359 chinook (493,646 pounds) and all 26,968 coho (185,502 pounds) were harvested and sold to Tempotech Industries, Hart, Michigan. The chinook run consisted of 8,865 age-0.1 jacks (1.5% of the 1982 fingerling plant), 17,637 age-0.2 adults (3.5% of the 1981 plant), and 12,857 age-0.3 adults (2.3% of the 1980 plant). Mean sizes were: age 0.1, 22.0 inches (4.4 pounds); age 0.2, 33.6 inches (14.0 pounds); and age 0.3, 37.0 inches (19.3 pounds). During chinook egg-take operations (September 29 through October 21) 5,837 females (ages 0.2 and 0.3) were stripped to obtain 27,971,798 eggs. 9 The 1983 coho run was composed of 2,704 age-l.0 jacks (0.6% of the 1983 plant) and 24,264 age-l.l adults (12.1% of the 1982 plant). Mean sizes were: age 1.0, 15.9 inches (1.9 pounds); age 1.1, 26.4 inches (7.0 pounds). The 1983 fall steelhead run of 3,100 fish, the largest run since 1975, included 10 different age groups. Over half of the fish were age 2.1 or 2.2. Other salmonids passed upstream included 12 age-l.l Sebago strain Atlantic salmon and 43 brown trout. Recommendations for 1984 Use only data from biological samples to calculate weekly weights of chinook and coho salmon harvested. For stripped female chinook salmon (and coho if appropriate), keep separate daily and weekly totals of number and weight. 10 Lake / Weir Complex Ladder a Building Figure 1. Location and schematic diagram of the Little Manistee River weir complex. 11 S800 C) I) 0 -o Age at return l 0.3 i 0.2 I 0.1 vw z -j Z _J or w 0 z L_ u_ 0 Z 600 400 200 10 z LrC: CI 5H w 0 LJ" W YEAR CLASS Figure 2. Percent return of chinook salmon year classes, by age, to the Little Manistee River weir compared with the number of fingerlings planted. Question marks (?) indicate return data are incomplete. 12 30 Length Weight I=~+2 Standard Z26 Errors z 24 -22 < 20000, 0 A 0. 7k H,0' \ X / 9 I I 1.1 1 1 I I I I I 1 I,1 I A I 1968 1970 1975 1980 1983 YEAR HARVESTED 13 800 -600 0 S400 **MOO* z 200 _.a a. Age at return z~ - 15 U.. - 0I r w z n wa 50 0 w LrJ 0.. h i??? i????? 1967 1970 1975 1980 1983 YEAR CLASS Figure 4. Percent return of coho salmon year classes, by age, to the Little Manistee River weir compared with the number of yearlings planted. Question marks (?) indicate incomplete return data. 14 Length Weight I ~+ 2 Standard Errors 28 26 24 22 a) -z C) I u~J -j AGE 1.1 ~~ P / II 0 Id 9 8 7 (n =0 LU 17 -16 -15-mm 14 - LLJ Qc - % xr 0. -2 -1 AGE 1.0 I I I I I 1968 1970 1975 HARVEST 1980 1983 YEAR Figure 5. Mean total length (inches) and round weight (pounds) of age-l.O and age-l.l cohO salmon harvested at the Little Manistee River weir, 15 2800 o 2400 w I-- U) w > 2000 0 1600 -r0 1200 U. 0 X 800 Z 400 O-- S18-24 25-1 2-8 9 -15 16-22 23-29 30-5 SEPT- OCT I-NOV Figure 6. Periodicity of chinook salmon harvested at the Little Manistee River, fall 1983. 16 59000 Q w (f) uj a: w cr 0 IE 0 0 w z 4,000 3,000 2,000 1.000 MM24 125-1112 -- 8 19-45146-22 2 2123--29 130-515 SEPT IOCT I NOV Figure 7. Periodicity of coho salmon harvested at the Little Manistee River weir, 1933. 17 600 - o 500 (r) C) 400 W X: I.J w 300 U. 0 IW 200 QO z 100 - 18- 24 25 -1- 2-8 9--15 6--22 23-29 30- 5 SEPT I OCT |NOV Figure 8. Periodicity of steelhead passed at the Little Manistee River weir, fall 1983. 18 Length 0C LLJ -2 I zL 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 --- Weight = + 2 Standard Errors 35 30. 25 a 20 15 w z 10 w 5 1.0 2.0 3.0 1.1 2.1 1.2 2.2 1.3 2.3 1.4 AGE Figure 9. Mean total length (inches) and round weight (pounds) of steelhead, by age, at the Little Manistee River weir, fall 1983. 19 Table 1. Planting history of anadromous salmonids in the Little Manistee River since 1967. Age of fish at planting: spring fingerling (SF), fall fingerling (FF), and yearling (Y). Salmon Trout Planting Chinook Coho Atlantic year (All SF) (All Y) (All Y) Steelhead 1967 590,830 433,215 1968 321,912 148,365 1969 300,000 700,002 1970 308,900 550,012 1971 301,868 91,674 1972 300,908 150,067 1973 356,140 165,714 1974 402,330 150,067 100,188(FF) 1975 300,144 200,601 1976 301,300 400,282 1977 250,200 358,832 7,497 1978 400,028 302,980 15,000 1979 603,098 675,000 1980 550,272 400,158 1981 500,204 202,815 19,529 93,673(FF) 30,700(Y) 1982 600,294 200,000 25,030 100,000(FF) 30,000(Y) 1983 677,250 429,612 16,428(Y) Total 7,065,678 5,559,396 67,056 293,861(FF) 77,128(Y) Average 415,628 327,023 16,764 97,954(FF) 25,709(Y) 20 Table 2. Number of chinook salmon harvested, by age, at the Little Manistee River weir, 1968-83. Weight (pounds) is in parentheses. Age Year 0.1 0.2 0.3 Adult1 Mortalities2 Total 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 9,597 5,175 4,670 2,885 1,900 1,153 1,938 762 2,738 1,891 0 18,693 11,100 11,913 12,560 6,620 0 0 18,420 6,415 805 7,250 23,094 15,323 21,412 27,106 1,633 2,420 0 806 1,360 56 --- 11,230 26,288 34,190 21,213 24,994 16,476 24,156 29,228 16,159 11,136 20,230 22,925 15,761 (234,366) 11,811 (188,939) 14,358 (165,412) 39,359 (534,595) 1982 2,077 - 12,281 1983 8,865 17,637 12,857 'Ages 0.2 and 0.3 combined. 2Mortalities are included under age group headings years. in some 21 Table 3. Numbers, and in parentheses percent, of chinook and coho salmon in the 1967 and 1968 year classes returning to the Little Manistee River weir at ages 0.1 to 0.3. Age Year Number class stocked 0.1 0.2 0.3 Total Chinook 1967 590,830 11,230 20,588 18,420 50,238 (1.9) (3.5) (3.1) (8.5) 1968 321,912 5,700 11,100 6,415 23,215 (1.8) (3.4) (2.0) (7.2) Age Year Number class stocked 1.0 1.1 Total Coho 1967 148,365 501 22,306 22,807 (0.3) (15.0) (15.4) 1968 700,002 2,880 105,006 107,886 (0.4) (15.0) (15.4) 22 Table 4. Mean total length (L, in inches) and weight (W, in pounds) of chinook and coho salmon harvested at the Little Manistee weir, 1968-83. (For chinook in 1972-75 and 1982, lengths and weights shown under age 0.2 are for ages 0.2 and 0.3 combined.) Chinook, age1 Coho, age2 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.1 Year L W L W L W L W L W 1968 25.2 5.8 -- --- -- -- -- -- 28.1 8.7 1969 24.9 6.0 34.2 15.9 --- -- --- --- --- 8.9 1970 24.7 6.3 34.7 16.6 39.8 23.0 --- --- -- 8.0 1971 --- 5.2 --- 15.0 --- 22.7 --- --- --- 8.7 1972 22.6 4.3 35.6 17.7 --- --- -- -- 26.3 6.5 1973 22.4 4.4 36.0 17.8 -- -- --- --- 24.5 5.8 1974 22.5 4.4 34.9 16.7 -- --- 14.9 1.2 25.7 6.1 1975 24.2 6.4 37.1 20.2 --- --- 15.0 1.4 26.6 7.3 1976 29.0 9.5 37.5 20.9 41.7 29.2 15.7 1.5 25.7 6.4 1977 23.4 4.6 34.6 15.0 38.1 20.1 14.3 1.2 25.5 5.5 1978 25.0 5.8 30.3 10.1 35.0 15.5 15.1 1.4 25.2 5.6 1979 26.5 7.4 34.6 15.1 35.7 16.9 15.2 1.6 23.5 4.9 1980 22.2 4.5 34.3 15.4 36.4 19.3 16.3 1.7 26.9 6.9 1981 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 1982 20.2 3.0 35.3 14.5 -- --- 15.7 1.6 25.6 6.1 1983 22.0 4.4 33.6 14.0 37.0 19.3 15.9 1.9 26.4 7.0 1Ages of chinook prior to 1977 were determined from length-frequency distributions; in 1977-80 and 1983, from scale samples and lengthfrequency distributions. 2Ages of coho in 1980 were determined from a length-frequency distribution. 23 Table 5. Number of coho salmon harvested, by age, at the Little Manistee River weir, 1968-83. Weight (pounds) is in parentheses. Age Year 1.0 1.1 Mortalities' Total 1968 490 58,422 1,336 60,248 1969 2,831 21,925 430 25,186 1970 3,300 102,100 3,000 108,400 1971 --- --- --- 59,123 1972 -- --- --- 2,314 1973 --- --- --- 11,872 1974 939 4,928 262 6,129 1975 470 14,633 760 15,863 1976 978 23,480 47 24,505 1977 --- -- --- 25,255 1978 -- --- -- 23,696 1979 -- --- -- 27,925 1980 900 49,104 --- 50,004 (353,043) 1981 --- --- -- (96,733) 1982 873 17,585 --- 18,458 (110,745) 1983 2,704 24,264 --- 26,968 (175,157) 1Mortalities are years. included under age group headings in some 24 Table 6. Number and mean length (L, in inches) and weight (W, in pounds) of steelhead (ages combined) reaching the Little Manistee River weir in fall 1968-83. Number Mean Year Passed Transferred Mortalities Total L W 1968 1,297 0 25 1,322 25.1 7.3 1969 2,987 0 56 3,043 25.6 7.8 1970 7,322 0 89 7,411 --- 8.7 1971 7,523 0 99 7,622 --- 8.8 1972 3,515 0 46 3,561 27.4 9.3 1973 421 1,4781 27 1,926 24.3 6.5 1974 2,270 1,2001 18 3,838 26.4 7.3 350 1975 4,722 1,3001 99 6,121 26.7 8.0 1976 503 45 30 578 26.8 7.6 1977 2,031 --- --- 2,013 26.7 6.8 1978 320 -- -- 320-- -- 1979 640 --- --- 640 25.6 6.7 1980 1,111 --- --- 1,111 25.6 7.0 1981 849 --- --- 849 -- -- 1982 347 --- -- 347 25.2 6.9 1983 3,100 --- --- 3,100 24.3 6.8 'Transferred to Big Manistee and Pine rivers. 25 Table 7. Number and mean length (L, in inches) and weight (W, in pounds) of brown trout passed at the Little Manistee River weir, 1968-83, Number Mean Year Passed Mortalities Total L W 1968 28 --- 28 1969 36 36-- 1970 123-- 123 5.p6 1971' 69 --- 69 1972 5 --- 5 1973 45 3 48-- 1974 159 2 161 19.4 3.4 1975 238 0 238 21.8 5.0 1976 104 2 106 22.9 5.8 1977 98 --- 98 19.3 3.5 1978 5 51 --- 5 --- 1979 100-- 100 23A4 6.8 1980 28 --- 28 18.6 3.4 1981 101 --- 101 --- -- 1982 62 --- 62 21.4 4.9 1983 43 --- 43 22.4 6.0 26 Table 8. Summary of harvest, mortalities, and total run of chinook salmon, by age and sex, at the Little Manistee River weir in 1983. Weight of stripped females was recalculated into round weight, therefore, the total weight of chinook does not correspond with weight shipped out to Tempotech Industries. Male Female Total Week beginning Number Pounds Number Pounds Number Pounds Age 0.1 9/18 9/25 10/02 10/09 10/16 10/23 10/30 Total Mortalities Total run (Percent) Age 0.2 9/18 9/25 10/02 10/09 10/16 10/23 10/30 Total Mortalities Total run (Percent) Age 0.3 9/18 9/25 10/02 10/09 10/16 10/23 10/30 Total Mortalities Total run (Percent) 439 2,391 2,381 655 587 1,272 117 7,842 990 8,832 (22.4) 417 1,822 2,151 1,169 903 2,838 279 9,579 1,211 10,790 (27.4) 45 398 538 515 812 1,468 191 3,967 504 4,471 (11.4) 1,888 10,281 10,476 3,013 2,818 5,851 515 34,842 4,356 39,198 (7.3) 5,004 23,868 29,038 15,898 13,455 36,326 4,213 127,802 16,106 143,908 (26.9) 796 7,403 10,330 9,630 16,078 29,507 3,896 77,640 9,878 87,518 (16.4) 29.---a -.--..--.--. ----- 29 4 33 (0.1) 124 455 1,075 1,169 1,128 1,761 367 6,079 768 6,847 (17.4) 101 626 1,536 1,169 1,083 2,446 484 7,445 941 8,386 (21.3) m--- m--- --- m----- 174 174 24 198 (0.1) 1,748 7,416 16,125 17,418 16,694 26,063 5,652 91,116 11,443 102,559 (19.2) 1,636 11,706 28,723 21,860 20,577 48,675 9,970 143,147 18,067 161,214 (30.1) 439 2,391 2,381 655 587 1,272 146 7,871 994 8,865 (22.5) 541 2,277 3,226 2,338 2,031 4,599 646 15,658 1,979 17,637 (44.8) 146 1,024 2,074 1,684 1,895 3,914 675 11,412 1,445 12,857 (32.7) 1,888 10,281 10,476 3,013 2,818 5,851 689 35,016 4,380 39,396 (7.4) 6,752 31,284 45,163 33,316 30,149 62,389 9,865 218,918 27,549 246,467 (46.1) 2,432 19,109 39,053 31,490 36,655 78,182 13,866 220,787 27,945 248,732 (46.5) IMortalities, by age and sex, calculated using the formula: total mortalities x percent of age and sex in total harvest. 27 Table 9. Mean total length (inches) and weight (pounds) of chinook salmnon,, by age and sex, harvested at the Little Manistee River weir in 1983. Standard error of one mean (S-) in parentheses. x Age 0.61 0.2 0.3 Week Measurebeginning ment Male Female Male Female Male Female 9/18 Length 21.7 32.5 34.0 37.8 35.3 (0.233) (0.549) (0.270) (0.854) (0.472) Weight 4.3 12.0 14.1 17.7 16.2 (0.133) (0.541) (0.415) (1.259) (0.413) 9/25 Length 21.6 32.9 35.4 36.8 36.8 (0.163) (0.632) (0.460) (0.262) (0.377) Weight 4.3 13.,1 16.3 18.6 18.7 (0.090) (0.635) (0.348) (0.799) (0.594) 10/02 Length 21.5 33.1 34.3 37.8 36.6 (0,292) (0.653) (0.474) (0.595) (0.456) Weight 4.4 13.5 15.0 19.2 18.7 (0,175) (0.700) (0-509) (0,586) (0.407) 10/09 Length 22.4 33.9 34.2 37.9 36.0 (0.387) (0.616) (0.330) (0.495) (0.398) Weight 4.6 13.6 14.9 18.7 18.7 (0.148) (0.619) (0.442) (0.650) (0.513) 10/16 Length 23.2 34.8 34.0 37.9 36.1 (0,296) (0.580) (0.363) (0.427) (0.458) Weight 4.8 14.9 14.8 19.8 19.10 (0.225) (0.751) (0.574) (0.688) (0.621) 10/23 Length 22.9 33.3 33.8 38.4 36.7 (0.415) (0.483) (0.430) (0.533) (0.292) Weight 4.6 12.8 14.8 20.1 19.9 (0,289) (0.534) (0.498) (0.707) (0.528) 10/30 Length 24.9 24.9 35.2 33.9 38.3 36.7 (0.324) (1.000) (0.682) (0.418) (0.799) (0.414) Weight 4,4 6.0 15.1 15.4 20.4 20.6 (0.236) (1.151) (0.783) (0.512) (0.917) (0.609) Weighted Length 22.0 24.0 33.4 34.0 38.0 36.5 seasonal (0.278) (1.,000) (0.584) (0.403) (0.504) (0.384) 28 Table 10. Percent lamprey scarring of anadromous salmonids captured at the Little Manistee River harvest weir, 1968-83. Salmon Trout Year Chinook Coho Steelhead Brown 1968 3.7 4.3 6.0--- 1969 4.7 2.5 0.9--- 1970 4.0 1.0 2.0 -- 1971 2.8 1.5 0.0--- 1972 --- 0.4-- 1973 0.7 0.0 0.0--- 1974 0.8 0.9 0.0 0.0 1975 1.0 0.4 0.3 0.0 1976 0.0 0.0 0.0 tr 1977 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1978 --- --- --- --- 1979 -- -- -- 1980 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 1981 -- --- --- 1982 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1983 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 29 Table 11. Summary of the chinook egg-take operation at the Little Manistee River weir, 1983. Number Number of females of eggs Date stripped collected Destination 9/29 9/30 10/01 10/02 10/03 10/04 10/05 10/06 10/10 10/11 10/12 10/13 10/14 10/17 10/18 10/18 10/19 10/20 10/21 10/21 372 502 257 408 248 440 251 181 230 218 464 355 344 221 160 236 210 360 360 20 1,436,630 2,526,282 1,170,150 1,909,380 1,119,040 1,958,320 1,252,504 814,500 1,083,600 1,024,600 2,266,292 1,904,000 1,716,900 1,184,400 761,600 1,094,800 1,108,800 1,792,000 1,764,000 84,000 Platte River Platte River Platte River Platte River Platte River Platte River Thompson Indiana Illinois Illinois Wolf Lake New York New York North Dakota (Garrison Dam) South Dakota (Gavins Pt.) South Dakota (Blue DogHatchery) North Dakota & Montana New York New York Pennsylvania Total 5,837 27,971,798 In-state 13,638,598 Out-of-state 14,333,200 30 Table 12. Summary of coho salmon harvested, by age and sex, at the Little Manistee River weir, 1983. Age 1.0 Age 1.1 Male Male Female Total Week beginning Number Weight Number Weight Number Weight Number Weight 9/18 1,934 3,481 5,641 40,051 8,542 57,231 14,183 97,282 9/25 352 739 2,468 18,016 3,056 21,698 5,524 39,714 10/02 338 709 1,045 8,256 1,690 12,506 2,735 20,762 10/09 6 10 117 866 157 1,115 274 1,981 10/16 8 19 83 564 121 823 204 1,387 10/23 29 38 385 2,464 549 3,678 934 6,142 10/30 10 18 69 469 94 620 163 19,089 Total 2,677 5,015 9,808 70,686 14,209 97,671 24,017 168,357 Mortalities' 27 51 101 727 146 1,007 247 1,734 Total run 2,704 5,066 9,909 71,413 14,355 98,678 24,264 170,091 (Percent) (10.0) (2.9) (36.7) (40.8) (53.2) (56.3) (90.0) (97.1) 'Mortalities, by age and sex, calculated using the formula: total mortalities x percent of age and sex in total harvest. 31 Table 13. Mean length (inches) and weight (pounds) of coho salmon, by age and sex, harvested at the Little Manistee River weir, 1983. Standard error is in parentheses. Age 1.0 1.1 Week Measurebeginning ment Male Male Female 9/18 9/25 10/02 10/09 Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight 15.8 (0.180) 1.8 (0.104) 16.2 (0.436) 2.1 (0.156) 16.0 (0.270) 2.1 (0.116) 15.0 (0.0) 1.6 (0.707) 16.5 (0.288) 2.4 (0.158) 15.3 (0.545) 1.3 (0.191) 16.2 (0.405) 1.8 (0.148) 27.2 (0.322) 7.1 (0.218) 26.9 (0.266) 7.3 (0.213) 27.4 (0.264) 7.9 (0.248) 27.4 (0.211) 7.4 (0.193) 27.2 (0.245) 6.8 (0.239) 26.8 (0.398) 6.4 (0.267) 27.3 (0.327) 6.8 (0.242) 26.1 (0.176) 6.7 (0.142) 26.2 (0.213) 7.1 (0.175) 26.1 (0.162) 7.4 (0.145) 26.5 (0.159) 7.1 (0.157) 26.1 (0.180) 6.8 (0.150) 26.5 (0.200) 6.7 (0.176) 26.5 (0.232) 6.6 (0.169) 10/16 10/23 10/30 Weighted Length 15.9 26.8 26.1 seasonal (0.230) (0.303) (0.183) mean Weight 1.9 7.2 6.9 (0.115) (0.222) (0.151) 1The weighted seasonal means for all coho in 1983 was 26.4 (~0.232)inches and 7.0 (~0.180) pounds. 32 Table 14. Percent of coho with silver skin and pink flesh at different sampling dates, Little Manistee River weir, 1983. Percent Sampling date Silver skin Pink flesh 9/19 76 100 9/26 44 98 10/03 54 90 10/10 40 72 10/17 31 65 10/27 7 15 10/31 7 12 Table 15. Relationship between skin color and flesh color, by sex, for coho salmon sampled at the Little Manistee River weir, 1983. Number of fish examined is in parentheses. Percent Sex and skin color Pink flesh Pale flesh Male, silver (92) 98.9 1.1 Female, silver (177) 98.3 1.7 Sexes combined (269) 98.5 1.5 Male, dark (224) 47.3 52.7 Female, dark (207) 38.6 61.4 Sexes combined (431) 43.2 56.8 33 Table 16. Summary of number and weight (in parentheses) of steelhead, by age and sex, passed upstream at the Little Manistee River weir, fall 1983. No females ages 3.0 and 1.4 were passed. Age 1.0 Week beginning Male 9/18 11 (15) 9/25 48 (77) 10/02 120 (240) 10/09 17 (31) 10/16 10 (22) 10/23 25 (40) 10/30 7 (16) F:emale Total 11 (15) 48 (77) 24 144 (50) (290) 17 (31) 10 (22) 25 (40) 7 (16) Male 61 171 192 25 37 101 18 2.0 Female 7 (19) 24 (62) Total 68 171 216 25 37 101 24 3.0 Male 24 (91) 1.4 Male 7 (113) 1 (16) 6 (16) Total 238 24 262 605 37 642 24 8 (441) (50) (491) (1,467) (97) (1,564) (91) (129) Percent of run Number 7.7 0.8 8.5 19.5 1.2 20.7 0.8 0.3 Weight 2.1 0.2 2.3 6.9 0.4 7.3 0.4 0.6 34 Table 16. Continued: Age 1.1 2.1 1.2 Week beginning Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 9/18 2 2 4 21 18 39 3 11 14 (14) (12) (26) (136) (110) (246) (24) (98) (122) 9/25 --- 7 7 55 62 117 34 48 82 (43) (43) (346) (397) (743) (326) (403) (729) 10/02 --- 12 12 168 132 300 60 72 132 (70) (70) (1,210) (845) (2,055) (570) (691) (1,261) 10/09 6 2 8 10 23 33 8 17 25 (29) (11) (40) (62) (145) (207) (69) (153) (222) 10/16 2 2 4 15 23 38 6 --- 6 (12) (11) (23) (106) (156) (262) (55) (55) 10/23 --- --- --- 60 60 120 15 30 45 (396) (408) (804) (141) (282) (423) 10/30 1 --- 1 10 14 24 1 3 4 (6) (6) (76) (114) (190) (9) (26) (35) Total 11 25 36 339 332 671 127 181 308 (61) (147) (208) (2,332) (2,175) (4,507) (1,194) (1,653) (2,847) Percent of run Number 0.4 0.8 1.2 10.9 10.7 21.6 4.1 5.8 9.9 Weight 0.3 0.7 1.0 11.0 10.3 21.3 5.6 7.8 13.4 35 Table 16. Continued: Age 2.2 1.3 2.3 Week beginning Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total 9/18 23 36 59 --- --- --- 2 3 5 (205) (331) (536) (22) (38) (60) 9/25 55 144 199 20 --- 20 14 20 34 (534) (1,339) (1,873) (228) (228) (179) (240) (419) 10/02 132 168 300 24 --- 24 12 36 48 (1,294) (1,613) (2,907) (278) (278) (185) (385) (570) 10/09 42 35 77 2 --- 2 17 4 21 (433) (343) (776) (23) (23) (219) (50) (269) 10/16 27 33 60 --- 2 2 4 4 8 (265) (277) (542) (17) (17) (45) (54) (99) 10/23 101 50 151 20 --- 20 35 5 40 (919) (440) (1,359) (180) (180) (388) (66) (454) 10/30 38 29 67 --- --- --- 6 6 12 (369) (264) (633) (73) (67) (140) Total 418 495 913 66 2 68 90 78 168 (4,019) (4,607) (8,626) (710) (17) (727) (1,111) (900) (2,011) Percent of run Number 13.5 16.0 29.5 2.1 0.1 2.2 2.9 2.5 5.4 Weight 18.9 21.7 40.6 3.3 0.1 3.4 5.2 4.2 9.4 36 Table 17. Summary of mean length (inches) and weight (pounds) of steelhead, by age and sex, passed upstream at the Little Manistee River weir, fall 1983. No age 1.4 females were passed. Standard error of the mean is in parentheses. Age 1.0 2.0 3.0 Week Measurebeginning ment Male Female Male Female Male Female 9/18 9/25 10/02 10/09 Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight 14.3 (0.508) 1.4 (0.142) 14.6 (0.298) 1.6 (0.164) 10/16 16.2 16.2 (0.225) (0.251) 2.0 2.0 (0.092) (0.067) 16.7 (0.190) 2.4 (0.087) 15.4 16.5 16.9 17.0 19.0 (0.371) (0.50) (0.315) (0.0) (1.00) 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.6 3.8 (0.138) (0.20) (0.199) (0.0) (0.752) 15.6 19.6 (0.263) (0.336) 1.8 2.1 (0.156) (0.102) 16.8 17.2 (0.583) (0.407) 2.2 2.4 (0.265) (0.152) 15.4 17.2 (0.130) (0.268) 1.6 2.5 (0.130) (0.132) 17.2 17.7 18.8 (0.735) (0.444) (0.351) 10/23 10/30 2.3 (0.356) 2.3 2.7 (0.284) (0.350) Weighted Length 15.3 16.5 17.0 17.1 19.0 seasonal (0.378) (0.50) (0.273) (0.104) (1.00) mean Weight 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.5 3.8 (0.156) (0.20) (0.141) (0.069) (0.752) Sexes Length 15.4 17.0 19.0 combined (0.389) (0.263) (1.00) Weight 1.9 2.4 3.8 (0.160) (0.137) (0.752) 37 Table 17. ContInued: Age 2.1 1.2 Week Measurebeginning ment Male Female Male Female Male Female 9/18 9/25 10/02 10/09 10/16 10/23 10/30 Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight 26.0 (0.0) 6.9 (0.0) 22.7 (1. 186) 4.9 (0.869) 24.0 (0.0) 6.2 (0.0) 23.0 (0.0) 5.9 (0.0) 24.0 (0.0) 6.1 (0.0) 23.0 (0.0) 5.8 (0.0) 25.0 (0.0) 5.5 (0.0) 23.0 (0.0) 5.4 (0.0) 24.8 (0.534) 6.5 (0.385) 24.6 (0.420) 6.3 (0.087) 24.8 (0.376) 7.2 (0.326) 24.8 (0.80) 6.2 (0.570) 25.8 (0.366) 7.1 (0.371) 25.0 (0.477) 6.6 (0.469) 26.3 (0.360) 7.6 (0.367) 24.0 (0.447) 6.1 (0.289) 24.3 (0.236) 6.4 (0.365) 24.4 (0.338) 6.4 (0.316) 24.3 (0.320) 6.3 (0.299) 25.3 (0.366) 6.8 (0.236) 25.2 (0.322) 6.8 (0.300) 25.4 (0.207) 6.7 (0.231) 29.5 (0.500) 8.0 (0.255) 28.8 (0.20) 9.6 (0.226) 28.8 (0.800) 9.5 (0.584) 27.5 (0.957) 8.6 (0.692) 29.3 (0.667) (9.2) (0.292) 29.0 (0.577) 9.4 (1.184) 28.0 (010) 9.0 (0.0) 27.8 (0.703) 8.9 (0.468) 27.0 (0.534) 8.4 (0.285) 27.8 (0.477) 9.6 (0.687) 27.9 (0.581) 9.0 (0.482) 28.0 (0.477) 9.4 (0.578) 27.5 (1.500) 8.6 (1.651) 24.0 (0.0) 6.2 (0.0) Weighted Length 23.6 23.4 24.9 24.6 28.8 27.6 seasonal (0.647) (0.0) (0.422) (0.317) (0.603) (0.532) mean Weight 5.6 5.8 6.9 6.6 9.4 9.1 (0.474) (0.0) (0.326) (0.310) (0.540) (0.546) Sexes Length 23.5 24.7 28.1 combined (0.198) (0.370) (0.562) Weight 5.8 6.7 9.2 (0.145) (0.319) (0.543) 38 Table 17. Continued: Week beginning 9/18 9/25 10/02 10/09 10/16 10/23 10/30 Measurement Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight Length Weight 2.2 Male Female 28.7 28.2 (0.444) (0.431) 8.9 9.2 (0.522) (0.354) 28.2 28.4 (0.491) (0.280) 9.7 9.3 (0.491) (0.244) 28.6 28.2 (0.491) (0.395) 9.8 9.6 (0.432) (0.427) 29.8 28.8 (0.236) (0.488) 10.3 9.8 (0.286) (0.393) 29.8 28.2 (0.422) (0.219) 9.8 8.4 (0.447) (0.177) 29.2 28.0 (0.473) (0.258) 9.1 8.8 (0.460) (0.281) 29.3 28.7 (0.277) (0.209) 9.7 9.1 (0.269) (0.226) Age 1.3 Male Female 30.3 (0.334) 11.4 (0.551) 31.5 (0.500) 11.6 (0.652) 30.0 (0.0) 11.7 (0.0) 2.3 Male Female 31.0 32.0 (0.0) (0.0) 10.8 12.6 (0.0) (0.900) 31.5 30.3 (0.500) (0.334) 12.8 12.0 (0.552) (0.319) 34.0 30.0 (0.0) (0.577) 15.4 10.7 (0.0) (1.009) 31.9 31.5 (0.500) (0.500) 12.9 12.6 (0.304) (0.442) 33.0 32.0 (1.000) (1.000) 11.2 13.4 (1.400) (1.851) 31.0 31.0 (0.488) (0.0) 11.1 13.2 (0.651) (0.0) 32.5 30.0 (0.204) (1.224) 12.2 11.1 (0.661) (1.008) 1.4 Male 35.0 (0.0) 16.2 (0.0) 29.0 (0.0) 8.6 (0.0) 29.8 (0.251) 9.0 (0.680) 32.0 (0.0) 16.5 (0.0) Weighted Length 29.0 28.3 30.6 29.0 31.8 30.4 34.6 seasonal (0.434) (0.334) (0.359) (0.0) (0.420) (0.523) (0.0) mean Weight 9.6 9.3 10.8 8.6 12.3 11.5 16.2 (0.423) (0.323) (0.610) (0.0) (0.503) (0.777) (0.0) Sexes Length 28.6 30.5 31.2 34.6 combined (0.380) (0.348) (0.468) (0.0) Weight 9.4 10.7 12.0 16.2 (0.369) (0.592) (0.630) (0.0) (1/ 4 Ii V 4 A