i ~ lk pu b"Ji I";,,,i ipI ii r, ssE... ,, 6., % ~~(~-" ni:ii-.nhlNU '";Y;.%:. a i.gs,,a d r P d 5 1,.B 1: i~~ ~~~aH-~, IB rPI r r;; ~II r; aiBE ~;, x;rpi ;i~QiE " Is , i,,8, "I ~~ at r ~r" ""~le,~l ~al E~';'g~ ~;~;; -~ ~~ ~~~~~ "I rB~ ~~ii ~ '~ '~~ ~ I, xZI ~' '~I s~, l,.g i~ .'"'~* ra II,, z ~n;~- II 9": ii~l 1 r~rit iP El-; ii;,,.i 6, ~ a;Bal ~a H Bi"e.,8~ I; ~H;: ~dd; ;, I ~"" si:t;j~.:3.on;:~ "" "" "i"B (: SIIBii UBXli ~~J" P ~ I~ ~sl~ ja~ i:r l;i B rd is;~a "1 d PT: pi. B g~ r, r d' i L~gR xii~""% r7?.,li xi:r i" "" ~~ ~d "I "ia ii"r a; ~ LIII HE Ti r- Iv 4:Ll j~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ir ~:l~OA lz..e B | ll | i....' ' *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -------.........~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ --- —-—.....Britoil Mi;in ~~ri~l;~ am, Rug... ',1.............. NM. iNE. E.. lx r r ~r r~c w~ r.... N.r rrsv. 11111''.',.'1111111111111111'1111111111111111! 1.1!!1!1 11! IgI 0F HAWAIIAN l NL A lillil~~~~~~~~ifl3.'^IC1IIrl.. *. **. - *. Hawaii Its People, Climate and Resources Written by D)ANIEL LOGAN Published by Pioneer Advertising Company HONOLULU For 'he Territory of Hawaii For the illustrations used ix, is biokl;'t acknowletgment is made to Prof. Henshaw of HiWfl:s;r. A.k G artley, Miss C, Haskins, King Bros., Davey Photogras.hic o. J,. W. illams anld Rice & I'erkins t lf onort lul. Cover idesign hb Allan DIunn. Copyrighnt I9o3 hb CHARLES R FRAZIEK IIO)N()LUL U, T. H. The Hawaiian I land Po ition anid PeOple, j20 15 norith llit itm liMid I 5 4 511 an(Iu'~ b(Ttn In p1swe'iiu11, aind Mike Jinn 14, 19(oo, an or(gaizedi T I rit inY Of ttue Uilnul~ 7 t ltiiacn namesici of thi mb lium rIt 7uisland Enid mfmi iflir opm latlihmi arm. diiiig in6huc H Om CiimSU lyOf 90 aggea Isadluwutug talul II Oivil 46m.84A S~~~~um ~~~~24,71)7 9tah 5tt,~~~A504 Lain 3Ai a Nib hid 172 Katml iii I I umililti d iii il MVi Ii Ii tiii)e m oumlimu tt it iho rlum.iii iaugcml frum mumium hthu Wes in -goium cik Kninii i i'm fiirthn'mt hmisfh Wii tho Nlihilmii Illt bfli its gkithlr cli iL 04 I )alii cmmu mum.C fut ail isi M. ithiim exiirciuil,uuiiihc,,,m mIA ttibs &4immUiPi IbI1Vm(Ii iimu. (nd dii tlt Wdiinds n6l Maui, M6lulrui. Kunini AuilI'.du K lii61mm. liiin ii A slust&r Tlh6 6 Hi A W A L I!' S......z.. i..............:............... aie six to s f ) ijrk th t e O)f the anthb f l6 2 t oO d "o ilo t i ll rn. h e iiwl re t ll 5 lid r i i I a ll i 1th i( r a ra ce WIIIII i d. 1;11 1 1111 1111;I ill -I pt Ii t111 a 11w 1 1 111 ii _t. iiti ( t a Of the, i a d o f Japa el se) OI)i 12 `74( vhI t l\ in i drlitn t comtoerh l ti il 1b I: ililctOeo d tf fi 1( 1 tr a til a |) a11I 1 h c be it t7 ( i s h b V t l ielt 1 o,| b llX} ie I:s i * the nic tD> he reb~ IIace been:* IiYd-v r t ioit' t u S I (JI IiW,. *:' ** of ln d f oli l 1.} 1' thal t rap ld l 1 re 1111A w o hl liIt fiial tu illa I i t s e1 Ill e t I:111 Il il1:i.,; I; I. ill latt ii ig At 0< well ki:o.* f 1 * * t tI |I till e 1 1 i 111r |f1 i 1 s 1.) s t I o I eI (1 | * N0let ti h t Ilal ti' ri Il aoe 1a d torie1 11iI e uniii *,w a. ft of'.I b I0 11)1 IIItt~ 11111 1 c I It tn 1 1 Ilc ti h ih t I f i I l I i'. 1 0t t l b till 1Ii I 1 i 1 t 1 iI 1 i t tie Id s111 t MORI p1 olm-iika W-r BX IK f X1 11| ' ll fh it tirll aIi I da d; ' * I tldnl tlf 11011 011111 tt lfN; dl, i S teI i ia1110-)t S 1hosc~~ specI 1111 lodi 1101 fi1 liitNT 1 3(-,)( veal's pI ri o 1 1 t 01 11 el t C6611 t till 11 i *~.";*...'*'*'... ' It V kogree of 6i 'I anc>X pi e ro Av Jllttfi l i | i il II l g e _ eIb Y_, their knoa le I Ii X Y E Y *) f % 1 S5 - S | X W g % s 48. W X.,.,.,,.,,.,;..,.;f... 6 t I H A W A I I lit kiiL ~~m i tm Ath iHawa ii iiansneer wer (AAi il Lbls 11611, f6tkitiVi -6 it~iild IImnto a talC 6, h sl dil!iifh titi thAl Iwtod V-11s dtk to ti-6bl Al ot.l of hii-y \iiklniL A~ idi Wl dlil Hkth\lA Il bt hA'l. 1)1q ll mhfL ol oco ilL tL1 II ill 11111 it1 ion1 of 11 1 1c( iii 6- ar Ililh xlV6 I ft~ et 6ixii I l 1 illstt is of(I eee 1 11 i v iic-h r il 1 illl1 beu i.Co k Ill Ii Lk tlmil L lIt ( AtiV " ~I MCS Al i A iA into 1" du o'I 1 cI tl l A Ip Ii Iiish th A If i~ IA6 L~~il ri f~. ~ik b Vil tHow (W tol W') achHawad CC 1 I 1bi h1 O I I h ~I ilh1 il s i ffl i Alliv 111 1, it I!I At I i ll lar v tL11 II L, i L1 iiI L ci rI k I i cI11I ii eI1,0 - ~iLh 11111 Lu IdJ ofl i-Lifc11 Alv fatl 111f& L iiii1 I ve r I I t t inl sli p I i llist I~ll W!sI A I iA Ai All p 11i& ii 1111 AliIIIIi ibii itt 11111, o St1i And qici l~~ilf ie klifii dfAtl~iii.MIJIIit I llTN nu111bef 6f 'Alff II~ liikh4 jI 11 diiii 1111111g A lltk 1 111 11L tw Li v 11A1 11111 1fIii LificilA iidw II Iii ~iI A1ju dl 11 hAdld 4 H A WJ A I I:IX > 1ilit Sdt.1 1 "4 nUT1111n11l tho1 1c.A l I iaIls fln iie 1Mn) 11rm1d1 cruis s in thirtv-six -Iours. iTh s Aiarnr A lam e 'a, of.4 to s, altffi. a Ic 1n Ite1 y. I the l bove4 n.. ti i throun h..n.. 1stea IN t Ae o fro S1 1 ra cisco t 1 ronoF 4lu 11 retuFn ever*y thr:ee we, k.k the, 1)1':SaWe each way beln, ian:d:e iIn xr) ars o r uni r. In a II p ro1 b:,lffi v the c,>,' nVW'i sto* t11 allltlt, ste IC.t, d.... F16hiihix r lb;')O% ll AIM 6f1 savin e mmly;, the 111, h mi rnk }.1(t 1 t 11i1i Iamn F*114cicmO to Yok1\o1a1 a (Ma7lilaI mok thlny) aid Fl 44ko 1 n 14 1i 1 1i411 i3*. t. I atl a er is Ch ia a1s l xs rect ord fr. lr 11 1f Iimml 1m S 1t Francisco of 1 i n 116 m mitdd *111. 1) -~ di 1 C w 1 S7A1,1 iit o f s14 1. T1d j: }iI 1 of.1 1 1 't c(11 (ss11d t( h gM 11,4 I hit in 1 as4t of A1411 Wmrl -to hci r mthl in 1e4 ~9t~olmitg 6 xzooo.ton I kh I T I m A il tr i K ei Mid tr S H;e *dcaife rt i t ilN,'tbor t Ntsh 3 y, I:il i ii: i }id -/lyti 1.af ~d e co l i) 1a If } t ~a I;, Chiomp of tlh. e o 'i o toi be | tI t * r,1' cnth 1. d in.o fite Sa*, biI~.. with the i i > f |b/,*U ~;l ~ i..Ong~>S~~~I ~.g"~ l y ~-,;,~ ~t~"~~~~.? tl)l}tij t t>X ll k tlti~S # (C>~ l~1 H A W A I I hl~irii ienoith ove aii is i-u7z fiitc 4 ib~diS, tiid between~1 ic perpen dIlk e~l " rs i e)fes, th i i hi briid t I 6~ fimi tan(dc ~Lpth 41 i~ f Ie t hirlhick esixtehn wi ateetight blikhk(iiId, itsAkiii thic VcsksIi uiisifillable is Li~iti separ5ate Wateri t k iiiiiI k It ~ 1k c iiiii its tIi Ii I 1 k t,oIii Li iiLi Ik ~I~k Lii 111 LLk are 'tire.1166611Liilii hihi1 k ihhi 111 LIs ~ TiiltLii~~ii cirkiii~ Lii& kiIi1~ 1 06rld 1 lliliii) UI IkI11" iLIJIUIiiSprIt f 11111 L i11 ]l si i Io li bikk kklt ii i S I. L "I'MiC Ii ( 'I aii kkI illsare Chifa;iis ld hkk I1Iih~ili i Ii2 iflirkt c ii o1 >1111 opiik k1kbl~kio 'Ik lufddt e ifetis levt~AI H A W A I I ~Mld id~r~ Mritli Cyoipbli) 'Md SOixi-N N.av S.W), ilidWk iiik ehhifid)L;Thu MoAhw jN S.) t,.tisi th AxllM6ftAli h tiL> l~eo Mspjlli v fr qikl kfv l5Ii F AL. I I AI A W1515 dill c IIII1 1R it c tI 5aI i 1111 ~igoi u >1>pllA 51 1iIt 11l> IhI of > Ra >ll veg1 A i 6 Ali IA1 I I IAAAI LA 4 1 Ai I UP11i, pas1>senger>L IL 11>I II > 1515> ~iS i~ 1>>4 An Id11l Cifriat>s >IA1115>dL H A W' A I I I predlicted as tahc t 1robability for the cci>rresondinln datel iln an subsequent vet ar. Between imnaximtllim afnd minimiur th tri variation inl twelve montii.th is but 30 to{ 35 (lct(-rees. SS nstrof C is an inf iction tllnknoxwnl to tle inhiabitants of the l tawaiian Islandf.it Men tlmay wip e their brows )cct. siotiall alli1 lv th (he: hlacknei d tuer-y, Is thit h.ot enatougih tfor y ou?.* t, Whhile tIn re d so, stranrigely eniugiLh they sta nd chattini in the stn shin te The l:ustlintg citizen even disd(lains to cro'.ss the street for the shady side, unless his errand takes him far. Anvyons who hits expetlrienced a htated period in tentmpcr.ti: zonet t:owt.ns w\ill ui ndierstand the fo, rce of the forgt o in tt itf e s I..c t official fint. ures te ll tihe story o(f to'ii nolulu's temperatur e, which will fit I all larts f the giro) up exctig the ctrier mointain hei gh t:s. ()f c()uirse, tlhenr is,a cifferemncc ofi hutmitdity between lififert ent coaist lines, yett thIe meteon i )lo gica tales for all the islanLds a are lwon,,clrf. i alike in thermoi tietri c rec( ords. At oi weather statincl iin itonI (itulu, sit atecd ot f t above sea level, the reciord for a recin nt i year shows a maxiritil ti. nperattrc,, of 89, a rntiinmlt-im t-f i;7 and ft.ct av c'rapec of 72 2 dcI:rc, s. T he- mlin im.i1: is invariabt ly a;t ni ht, fand there is no more aitr cable b surprise t to the tnewc, tomern than t)hIe balInv c,,Ioolns of evcrtting, aioh sle ping hours. rTo give a c Xonpri ehi:iv e ide a of the eqluabilitv of the II axw aiilan year, what bettert than to tlor it t he rc(o)rds for the great hol lidaysS and the last day of each q luart r? Th following term ometer rt;adincgs artc for rising-time, noon-time and early bed-timle, of the day vs stated: Temp. a, r at Tmp, at Tempa at Month and day 6 a. m, 1 p, m, 9P p. tr sMai -lc} 31 t s * 73 '' itune 30 75 5 Septemb e r 3. 68 84 i 74 Ie e em ber 3. 66 7L2 ( 66 New Year's ay )D,v 6(6 77 67 W tashington's Bir thhl 5 73, ( s; I tf,rtht of Jtlyf 75 J86 7 Tahanksgiving. 65 79 68 C hristminas. 7 74 69 12 d A W A I 1 t wI d take lc spacc to give a summ ofry the ranfil, the entire groto, but from a few figores that fohiw a fair idea may he gainedma b hey are from tfhe 0na reprt of rti Jyons, irector of Weather B lrea, aking fiftel.tre. h eAt t Hgrat ||;| -t *.. fro the tyera e o 11~~~" —***. ' l as at 50 I feetii axl ti t s lee tti 97b ins hCXes TheX *1infinAin rainhe ltif t itoi of t fet ahC1ilt i iii ixinsa11i abov Se levelo Oo a I~ a~ 0 ft~t>i lr igefornine ||||| | || wo tetation fr oms t o t oen* f fee W to, n li R2 ies.t lij o ionf teet,) ih0normal is fet X Th rna s acliterl tom ii the records ish ia t it tftrit stations is t eo t fe Xe~levion ie a5 mR f it ag 5f a feet IU74 t 4 R t i 3 X 24; ramtrilleraiigt a iii inches froism the twi to the sioties At the 20 paingdfin owhes st ra asats fronti o tsi 325 feet above sea bvcs ~ XX R5S ~R,X H A W A "I I 3I nififll it efiffritak i The Qii it iiid won 16w fr1m the adda inu Ord face of ihe in intnai n Hmene Sites There rn. inaiin writihi thn bureaus o fireirrinnlui dran poht. Ifill in 6inblr for twilnin li t. A oftin pro i Ionn: Me' einrat n poiy in nutt7in ikonic Mitra to thin a pi t t pinoh itidtuuinhn. lGinuintt rfinin tint ren int in nal t i tt i tt d r nddeg tave rinn in tn in ii.n6 t i n in *inuntly Mwithg~ thin tporpo tint minfiolnin i inohitintog Yur wite it is oasn today to aroin r i Ii h in ti M hr it is in p nt raily to at isg h em to r.os ao hun hoiune nhtint ro wilt gannrulau tioni mrntihhihih the nan tint!n'tn a o in aw t ini hi. **lll nonth keeping fii toainiuin with ninmnnint 'r6'n thayn ayipent ninth, in all pohiahipity egihond ini &R Itoppina '.** '' ** * **. '*.' *.'/'*i^'*^:*^ TS i? i..*..'...* *. * ".-:'.;;:i '.?,: |: ~':'^^~ ~~~8~ 14 H A W A I I forlsui;a*d leisure are dir i/to escape Okuep ofe U I tine' nI nilcn 111 i i i t nfi i/ wlni Han dl n MCA I' l~ws~l' x i xx j hx.. in. ai,. i.in i,if. l tt al i t thdeid l x M xlinnm, t Ihe xx x i} 1xOffii H x l Ix ixtil a iai i tliiiiii,ix1 fltixerixig in l xi tti;ii dlifix e p lt x al at xiii h Ii i l l xid theI Ozone LA fi * itt h d i t fif' ndtif e | ol t sa Wai gs of MiYliza* adoi iithel aipi x lli h i1 it i et x I i i i i ix S Land for Oettlers a plrin daeietx l xx I iNaexlxli l vIx ix iIlixesx it i thix hiee xi I 'x 2xi iB tim 1unx x tnnx l myoe tio xlx il. xxix x xx s xv o o iin e taixix Pull*. ihnxxi xxx~Lxiag e i f in ~ix x e t h ';?!::..''*.".' '.: i e I 1fthe fi S 1 it:',1~a a ei'** ', it Ir:;?:::': "ix * x tllaixix tl x i x vixiu i x\ii Ii I xixiip lxx xi x in x xli i I iis tx e a l j ixx a xi yt;- ';:':;''-.:l xix i um tix ii xmx xlx I tn x i f xi l i t J1 1.xni'xx Ixuixulini xx'lxxxii ifo mmxx a lx m o aix'i 1 11 I -. gil?:^:ii xvi x: ii iliix i i:ii xi imvxal: xf ueli xI * *']111 | ^ 1 111 in ti i ar i l l otur a a I s 1E112 x1 1g101iX nallil ~ngll~fito -[ _1i~l~a2X 1tX ig~gt2 u~htX efte t: ' Mg m2 2 2 j ii i 2122S>22222 2222225~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~22 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ E 1 6 H A W A I I ' eeta L1 n i iS t tI u 1)) W rt iu ur the land Thenti' torvernuitut takes atiort ta aurbe i rue hutt s.usatde to eave thM land dunveeid to | assat. In the 'War eoig ) tit 0 1902, a total ara f. Sy10 acres a ( erla ig n 10 to 50 t l t, ed a ld bdivie fv'le t'ver't..SMt it is eunsat l dl n u a tot rea land fr ie s, d Mir eltl railwlla s i i uprlIl l iute t rtor receipts of re tt han t1at l u t ar us tettuel tugttttte gtu $t3,h1586.tX antI frrnI Xttl sat ii 0%3f4hap ttakiit tte t o tl revenue uf the departnt L tb 2t hot(Oprtuittif,; It s'ttil he erltrnal tu adViase men it alimei lelteiwttlitf i jp theit tWt exerttitui for I ivyifrl to iitte tl the HaWaa ii oslandsuna e til ttuattnl tlfit tt tta rsi ef tllrtnit are ntt isse 1 ) t tl lit ln tltris p rl ii ll ii ita a I alt i t a. i t i, t p)::.'** sorry eor aoofi ts r sittl foa al i 1i n r i eiaes; apgrarValtd llit it iittit be itii aet1l ri tby fi Itt tl it tW thltiia fflt1 titl of 6teadi il ith rt Oto tht ttlh riI M A tiltuat II be tit ti611 a os e tr aiuieite th. rt i. it In i i araii;r ti ttt 't't' thle ou st tf liv t. a |jj~ u..:''^ ' ||*.'* ||| | ||||| '1 **- ' H- ' ' '' *' Islan Qfd Hawaii ft ^ i i L V st n thti r ich 1he a aLI idiLt 111o f(4 _i I I i Ifi v i I t ofV is m I ei fi; 1aiLi $N (1 Lf11 1 1y AfiS iiiill d 4 else 02 05W0n g o f its Iod V 11 f dIIV'iXtLIlW ifts7I Wh:isk *: *.*..,. - irt al and tastly the ofntd g I 65; r. flxst~ iyV ' S 1 Ve iLs Wh 14 I Id g11 s of I caik tI i e fifd '4 1141V1 np 1ressitifI fX Leld ((I 1 ifti Ii I n aggr igki tkfyiii 1f esIfi f 11111 41111 I 1 111 1 1111 18 H A W A I I strata eternally floating about their snow-capped summits. Three vast domes with bases uniting in diversified plateaus are visible from great distances out on the ocean. They are Mauna Kea of 13,805 feet, Mauna Loa of I3,675 feet and Hualalai of 8,275 feet in elevation. Mauna Loa is distinguished as containing all the live volcanoes of the group. In the extreme north of the island are the Kohala mountains, having a maximum elevation of 5,505 feet. The island is go miles long from north to south and 74 miles wide from east to west, its area being 4,2 I square miles. Upon all sides the mountains fall away to the ocean either in bluff spurs, broken terraces or perpendicular cliffs. The last mentioned is the peculiar feature of the Hamakua coast, along the Wilder's steamer route between Honolulu and Hilo, and passengers have the supreme delight of viewing silvery cascades leaping down the rock-faced precipices. This scene borders a panorama, unwinding for sixty miles, of sugar-cane plantations of luscious green, each with its smoking sugar factory, lying one after another between wooded gulches, and, for the back border, the sublime mountain heights, receding in blue and purple haze into the cloud realms. For a more picturesque scene the world might in vain be explored. Hawaii's contribution to the chief industry of the group is greater than that of any sister isle. Of its land area of 2,570,000 acres, approximately 20,000 acres is planted in sugar cane, while Ioo,ooo acres besides is held by sugar-raising corporations either in fee simple or leasehold. This island has always led in coffee production. It contains many large stock ranches. The demand of the home market for cattle, sheep and hogs exceeds the supply. Horses and mules, too, return fair profits to their raisers, although animal has been largely superseded by mechanical power upon the plantations. Different localities have climate and soil of proved adaptability to the raising of vegetables of temperate zone affinities. The capabilities of the island for producing fruits of almost infinite variety are undoubted. For the year I9oI the assessed valuations of property on the island of Hawaii were: Real estate, $I I,355,972; personal property, $I6,o98,569; total, $27,454,54I. Internal means of communication on the island have wonderfully progressed within, say, the past fifteen years. At the 20 H A W A I I i_..rids ahtd thue.. disti..kifhal The liiil Railroad Corn, pay bnr olOrtastd i trip has nr i 15st: s diw tyv in operat Kio for tIwuttMtwo ois frt oi it tloufh ()la pI itat ior to a po*tt Wthiob oorr oo osf ihr Vor oto 1 fro.si Ar r1 I t f A gatllr ri ed g Mis oo riFsllS lto Ir to disFii S} hri lhr h SKftr otis arid sugar l tatsiti art re it re ti tfrI tal ' S a of I t r tfinr t di is fb ttlf thei it a latige air l \t los sri tinr theI oh ii M tdc I:r il'Raatit Cl h roifVa is ifsi t r t I iartsT to id ia li l e whiouf **:*;'.* * I~gt up Y t Xtil O tt1 t1a to has air i i i rvisiirk frito HiN tt ahi lio o die bstaiie r E (nio hotiri i i toihs ft Will ipr a x fd untild ir trii osr ttlurs. Iiicreasiig agrift fttlt t ii fetiista Wil e tffiped f i thus it t r.b iRAt: a d f wa ith lll f gt Ri' tilRa t ii Cr ) i ) r 'st b s ysteoll at t he VX 1atno Te ho rstwa o iF li:s.itu o(f aiiratill I ts tt rtitoa tiih is rir tb t i tt & 6 6ta rdsftr ri t tFlitesr s sturtiff itr i b fblb ar t fatetig is N do tit f i l rit flf ti aet i gr at s to tir itt lt if s IIitit I t Will iii it i. Its hei atr i r sti ailr ta aita. ti eslabbi Etlie itthe Mi!i btair fa( art! siranyi arit fti Kal t fre XX ito i nuo \XX toot uirun if fnia a ifilig up ig i r the i Wif f Itir are Mate bfii ra~ i fili t1l jldisi M ii fli 1ii il~~l~l11li~~i1EII~llslPIIIII1Neeae H A' W A I I * sland of Onha fih fiiut mfany yfears ag oweis tohf.i...rt.nc 'il havIs thl cap )tal it M ii)hfli a th th ni hili i the grophttii tac ssibi l ie a t a l 4t aflt e alti ih c 1 i _ rlt 1118 11 rit I(tO utIle as1pl ortat tll lta itll sniy M dits e 6 lith tsIt Wh1le 1 iste t lt i iliis i a*llXt}k er t*fi t it t 1 i ul9 I i le st tve are rih Iceile itlt tt in eii An11 iI It d lll i Ioli Il i t tl..at _ot e pricipa Odecishaibeingad fl|ltr-k. k. aidb"ii lilt Pe11i a 31111 till tt i 1 h1 ti i to th tfe i o 6. W mk if * i* Elr' dHuck t Ptit Mnd lagitt ci i l Igilt ill dT Ilfjj A I i tilt t It t r i l t tl l {itttHtt Ans ull ca.l fltdt lt fdll lItlt it Miitia Iin I 6 lattIl ietg TOutilt fitstII lhie thill o llt Iatth OninIi l fdtllW but5 lil t 1111 c til st lcl lilt 1 toti | titt f I dttllll I 1 thl 6cil fOX ti lh c of i ltfiftt~i hafio Ictit b l ano Wt tolnai be I ii P1 *Illdlflt f tb lrnil I6 tlx it II (i agtt e tilt a t tl t cr1 titt lt 1i w i tith k ol Ltion ithtI ti 11)atives et rt cty t h tleas i the ia ti l*' A i O c. 2 | ae 'l *: *,depiij;* g i than kididimj d~aCt of tgXbli vesaffib*fa gebatia raising A g~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IIIi g~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~bl~~ 22.' H A W A I I anothir of their speciulc. InC t1flheie 6perat jns they have ieelaitriet many dtntla swatts eari the ehy. DIversifted agrIetttue hy white ntn has mae rapid pogres has herme oifortahbly eStahaised at Wahii a in aisIta hstriet, raising vege=;~.;;l i _ s~hitahei atttl fAit o fr sitrtt i t stall ofa jIi:-'.'**'* * _ tato 05a ot si. litn -is e1111 - ith t factory foir ma if ri uPt of orlerss hih enjoy a goo e Besde Ihe harhorkk of I lnollo tisi island has K6 6kl n ay at the middile tuf the fitortltest 6Acast u is u. tplapplt of lauitig mae rui5f the most cta M1ts m in ne iecfuuge ittte tgi PIearlfhrbor, us doe otiE frotshiloudisie u u.ve noun u togis Iilaui Withi the c ns I t lMls ofPnn harl oaun uiil bay ss H te lad, ti is nne of u.' water cu le u~f horiu~ g tae anges ux ine t the sNr Th li r cuear iandt awod pe tiusuthn ienu.~tl uy th slran etat iversify the isteYior o flue huihn. Out three sirhes vih gIreus aYerfnd a InSn flu e oretefil o the iw1 Bey u, fi u a eit eye lit SI gas to tugnl usrfcleuI suns usitsM iisenssittu.esyfli t authe rainhows cRjuctktc withfe sunl igt H A W A I23 lad of 61 Maui Madi is the rd isaniad of the group oin sie; ixi ain area of 7 iuoart miles.i It dooati of two = o, o ot erad ct ed by } * tixa tyig ith sevent i wide it the i pirxweat Mgi The sxaxixryi x x arix t lu the dte, atoxg the a:. ioey thifif it aseeus Rx1utotious andi dreary, but the Iao vealteyx bli of Waitulk town axnd tle Kolad gbige ffr trPlpcit aeuery thhatif iatit h utae ou xit I e it the eWAtit l 64 ids aidii ix oe tiext hiIh tilte It tiki i it the em itix eid b taes its doxmxe i6 fas it iboxie the stea and is one of the xexifers of tthe xsx taiteitd h' if 1 i its thte fogied exhort etxi xixi:g x lxiaa i irruifrexieo1 o tau milest a xl ea ion a xea of t jare Miix 1 Lie t are exe w itla i thte Vast rcavty 0 feet e t he evedl xaf the dxoxi r 0 eax ixhx vonsebiki to the ratxla ireg fet ia ai exaperiencer that ran evex fadle lxifiiom xxixnory ixi'ihu fill theai- xl with awe.n lx I rhia Maui txhi vaie a grie haet xa xi sxciry 0 x the I ixihi ixd it i s rai i ther xxs peiay the treixxral ege i i ix t the e swil e fa ix ram ixeiE xx hxhxx f ide. The aege teiperaft at xeix the coast i about 70 l g. i athi Ie xuleea h4 UdOHix thu grahua alhx1, aI x1 f I-Rft I it SV 6I or wn:. **.i akha ahui atnxy kuixi h d of a 2 cl. raidaty e hae haL atc xtxIhg uig ti the ahititUx At ridii the thermoxetx dxidx at night tl 56 gad ' degrees nxachy alL the.. i. axxrxoaXhi wig the freexiutug - Near' xIE 'thu iminafx t S1118%1AtnirmO t ix 30_ 24 H A W A I I feet elevation, has probably the best climate in the world for weak lungs. The principal product is sugar. At Puunene, on the plantation of the Hawaiian Commercial and Sugar Company, the largest sugar mill in the world is situated. It has a daily capacity of 500 tons of raw sugar. There are nine plantations on the island with a total yearly output of about 70,000 tons. Coffee is successfully grown, chiefly by small farmers. Homesteads at Kula and elsewhere yield prolifically of corn, potatoes, peas, beans, etc., the owners making a good living. There is one railway for the public, which has its termini at Wailuku and Paia. The plantations have extensive railroad systems for transporting cane to mill and sugar to shipping ports. Maui had the only telegraph line ever established on the islands. It was built in I876 and was 40 miles long, but gave way to the telephone in I878. Honolulu was two years behind Maui in utilizing the telephone. The island has regular steam communication with Honolulu and Hilo. Its road system is being constantly improved. Kauai and Niihau Kauai is locally known as the "Garden Isle," from its great luxuriance of vegetation and comparatively large area of fertility. Though fourth in size, it is third in soil productivity. Besides sugar, Kauai has large rice plantations. Kauai is farthest north of any of the inhabited islands of the group and has an area of 5go square miles, being 25 miles long and 22 miles wide. The central part of the island is occupied by the large mountain mass of Waialeale, the lower parts of which slope gently toward the sea, affording fine rolling uplands and tablelands. The island is well wooded, while in Hanalei, Wailua and Waimea it possesses some of the largest streams on the islands. Na Pali, the northwestern part of the island, is very precipitous, forming a line of lofty cliffs seven miles in.length. Piercing the cliffs is the valley of Kalalau, accessible by foot over a narrow mountain trail, or by sea when the weather is favorable. Lihue is the seat of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, comprising the islands of Kauai and Niihau. It is environed with large sugar Xa W A I I 25 estates and an extensive stock farm, and its landing, named Nawiliwili, is the chief focus of traffic between Honolulu and Kauai. Other thriving centers of industry and trade are Hanamaulu, Kapaa, Anahola, Kilauea, Waioli, Kekaha, Waimea, Makaweli, Eleele and Koloa. Kauai has some excellent hunting preserves, available to the tourist who applies in the proper quarters. With several steamers every week between its various landings and Honolulu, Kauai is second to none of its sister islands as a delightful resort for rest and recreation. There is a good hotel at Lihue, and the respectable traveler need not be afraid of not being well cared for anywhere by the hospitable people. Niihau is eighteen miles west of Kauai. It is twenty miles long and seven miles wide, having an area of ninety-seven square miles, and is owned entirely by one firm, which uses it as a sheep ranch. The primitive ways of the natives are more preserved here than anywhere else on the group, but this condition is gradually passing away with the older generation. Once the inhabitants did a thriving business in making Niihau mats from a fine grass indigenous to the island and not found elsewhere. These articles, formerly bringing from five to eleven dollars each, are now of almost priceless value, since their manufacture has been abandoned. Shells of great beauty and many varieties are found upon the shores, one kind in particular being worked into necklaces and other ornaments. Wild goats and turkeys abound on the island. There is a steamer landing at Nonapapa. Other Small Islands Molokai, Lanai and Kahoolawe islands belong to the electoral and judicial district of which Maui is the principal part. Molokai is the first land sighted by steamers from San Francisco for Honolulu. In length forty miles and width seven miles, its area is 270 square miles. The island has steam communication with Honolulu. Besides some small sugar plantations, with larger ones under promotion, extensive stock ranges and a teeming deer park, Molokai contains many small farms raising taro, potatoes and rice. Coffee is also successfully cultivated. Some of the grandest mountain scenery on the group belongs to Molokai. as 26- H A W A I I d soo of I mo t ilad y pre ire a stl oes he la rgt Iand Mormos a* s y ha l f s ah abro et Lana is o xt aitye t aee ens rt d il nine te;in % i m nsis I t hhit&* is a s i e i o i Mg1 0 1_ R M ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w 5 IRRIM~ - - ----- ----- -- -------..................... 30 H A W A I I a h iping entered and 570 vessels aggregating 63 3375 tons _ lairae t ~dri l aw t n port in thris oas twis trens *; "t~it Am < rican ht i engagsd betw iTrriitoritafint l1d Miislal ports I=2ix4 (I th ir idnfig._nlon 30 1 o thi 6 one wrind thdit wire a23 essi N i atiing 40 tosm totinii d 13jN er _ 8/ v,ezggregatngse 317 o n itsein. leaca in the fortl trid The grctot bil of enotrits nIS 71 ovessls 9521 otis and d saeliris 701 vii 942921 r)s53i2 l th s nfr woitk eile aitict 540 ti6 N 430;399 to n s There s a dr htgiig ftor te Yir cdtng Jtitle 30 1902 as cotpied s i ph o o y r e g oS futrng ltere give fi Cioastwtse tsittretlt A33 vsesse1t 5117040 tons; dlmtrrd; 484 vessels fimA Nt tots Vitreit I -enteredA 2o1 Vessels, 3990049 tootS d ieareild t6 vesselis y9fc3s6 ton s Grand total eitteri'd, 593 ressel, WON t timiss; slestreil, 57 veswdts 9; g~547ns7 Iiwi has Aitly been tnesgralt he I trtis rfotis it tht 1 atiti"e w ith e le ttcommtlecation -- *.Re 'the offa taisidi 5itt h tatthur wsth ilti Isthriss 1t iCa almtst et rt on ti e an irl ri taltoattimo maIy litrei east ot the tigittot the t nere yet lit tistiVerge at HInllitt lut a th ostfsaret ly Ieeaic ggit-. t ldi Ieait harhi r 1 Will iP E O It Orit t ioti stn t aj ei.nimil de tt ete ltr of trafic at the Humnoluio has ta6tl HUA ht ower t Ntinre for tirly twenty yearsi King k a lr dm it I ' ' euttlA grant eir"''l i"'t a h''irter on Atigitt 2, 183 's *i * ral tts 1 hatr mi tt s were thed n ig erfitle htsj1t fiwlac l rt de... Isai.j.v ~H A W A I I 31 were- Chiarldes R. Bishop pr0s6ihi Aeid e n JI CAttrihtl vic p- rsidgei t jtos!ph It B. sAt h er. seretar ad trie t srer ""' For the year 1902 thle ~ifers were: William ir win president; CInarles MN Cookes vice-president; james f thGordon Slncern secB e its l art r thsi u t of the........... orgamikiatii ti fis tt tie Oirpse o. Promptring t i Iri i tn iohini II -a S tystem of te idra ndi iiiiii ii am1i xieand It aS gyt th ie SC J o the of Catbe n- iehoioi acerise twas haoe st e le t mhia ioo The(Is arnber i s an of of 17 /hi ihisaIeI iii lie eI I sue (gipi moos n I T o esery wmlsmgl ee ~ lhi neieil laws Ihave bh sbuenggisr it to_ letislatues isl heiiuu ra ]naof ta rs i r Were oiiifceuAiitik i iti Piac ttiel i trade r e ' iediately alon a g bee taken i uIbe akeff iir at its ea tmtsr s wh _ i goveriicei 1 ifh ials ag pp ird il sffiti gAi isetg the i eoftltr ip riblitis stf the isanls arietil ansd Bie i d~tieli il 41 tl o Chari ty iim i aiel h* n ii per ird.L It ss isg tsriatigh i st.ie ~ r apr ti teitrt1o hy th e r of rt I hiiiii that a erritditl 6xhilit hf IHa a is itilias ties ~shiols and eiiirirrti&es was fiia at iei Greater America Eixpo utifn, iiNnd later tenraferreid ti Parkis The Chanh.er is an honorary memier of ie Philadelphia emmereal M useudm, a permanent exposition iii the prodcs of the' Wrirlrl. A handsome roiti in the magailticent lahekfcl brIilllihng, immedite opene its iepletiee was teerlererl hy the owners far the aaetings iiif the Chinaher of Comre The Merhat Asoc L ess thta two years 6hi6 the Merchfantis Assciatirin if Henre thtai has aireani perfrii 'sierves of great s'alne he the mercan |tile and general nrsltsinf the enlainityi It tips ritelthait ind 32. A W A I c*Oodf lii it td5 c|wd lIfsd ith the ht ibe of Ciiirc while the purposeof both tr aiz tiois to cosids at:d~ octoi t t yt th y r body lias rea diy markRe out lies of is it for ilL 1 ti t it Isi s lJ rlr i.wi ilth grs itilf i lces thl s fari and fil t is ever o iondi ati iat as its t iraft yiid it * IS i li po 0 liii io t. ith it b st r oit it for fl swL:;,. * * no l/ an d. i 11. i ie at d: )eel iho is ii iton i ir a e tiiiid iO r i iapbtii t } C lartler on i Aprie 1S. Ik i is anid i a ioni d s lt a pes t tre the flo ipg X XX Dif )firioidi fA ut hN nips XX% SnottI vi3o p n XV XX I i i St ii asori 1 I tiii i i t! ii. R. X. W id. olarlano, K iXhX i-tti i j G I tho l I-; X AX neotnyA and J F Sl.i, & Co. t tii t i iii oii ii ia wi as O t iIs st i i g7 S by IIi IR fihslijp today a Sai lMn sto il *i iila.:. X A. Aldti. who i dii iii n dltf da in 189g MiEins u d i l eli u t8iiiii l the bh iri sds with rai s ha3rt in ers nnit il ih ih it iv s t i i by Sli iied 3 Dno i" lfii II. on ai is i pud xi iii iu ti nan io wh i i b i i a iana p?^ * ii tnir siao s aniid ai npi i iit t S t I hi b nih of l1ls~sop V 1 u I Is i ii l l v tli t Iic i n it d nIilnls t M i e s.i r ailtt eiistnn e S cI a e i8t h it h g ank d i t ad s ie i tiwov orAgfftfi s ll tli h toe Its cilu ind XX fii i OtmIn rii itiii tto t iS e W ii I ii its6N tia wll bei lgn sti iip r ti t riic in o hol nt athe og dabb oodg uvii*: tith hos H A W A I C~om ercil E'aill ( 36ll id dI ~fis ja I 6I SsLIi IM SC Ii 16 1 di 11W~fi~gM ili IfiVd Lidi 9 l i6dIl 14f I C11 V I s hfil 0t II ILL SA, HILL CxIsl I bNii ii1A I slI Ii i0 13 A 1ik i Si 'dF I V11 I in~ l IV IIIKI 'Eo 11AA 1 12W EU TMs 11111ai AlII pi J 1111111)1 RIAMM1111,1 1, c Vili L ilI II L 1 1111111 M 22c 11111111 N II 1,1111 III 111\I112 III 1111111 f iifi 34 H A W A I I M. HIE AibiA4 t. i h iaf a in~ tin. s 1 t 11.is, s aitt I ti i 6 5I I f t IIth a O.It h It5r I 1 aati f1 V a,agh a ai I n tK aS r t fI at i i -,i6i i ttl In 6 I f f i i tia n 'Inf1 iliin H Is i I a n) ( t1 3 k 4 ogs f a t Nantre I la I itas thi. ia.d Te Its IFh, F NDattE lintO W Io. tu Ik;i a iIi dii at_ e i I it J in n l tand I alt a ii init it 1it a a Itnal 'ti c in IC lf 4 a n a li i.IaIn k t a tI 1t H A W A I I 35 XIterr', 1 it1; 14$io1p 1t o '20),0(0 It ha:s i< w1.-l fr m l o 1th1 s i t t, the1 ee. P.. N'4i ts 1 di I.:.e r 31' i:;i 1 1 o!e: p 1:1 1 c111t per141 fI'S ".,.11 T' e cap ia i 0. 11p: t l s<,:1 its'. l.t tie:l4se. 4>f 1901 ai ii rs to t e r 91 je t I t $6,)4 64 11 S t et istl 1l I r. t4:vc~' $ o 1.<1 f, 4 ', i,..... j14,1o 44 41 r 14 14 S111l f11 t1 Ss 1'1' 4 343 t 41 Nt' 43 1114 1 1114 1 >14(4.ii 11.1111'.... 'lilt 4f it' al2i sts, is te'p Fi' t Am< ica. Savi,< t ',s I Tt: t - , a d l t S. 1i5:1 a la e d serve f;nd ll;t'f ye<:n 8,1; t0,00. T141111 e st aff l11tf, el' c l l:iai.11k; is co po 4111 f,se,2 d odfj (api - IS te Fi rst BI..' an of i io t, i}- captat.sl of $2i wa......s.. Various Concerlns |1, 41.$t fi4lc1 n v1 t Xrs, t 1whil t111 v u ir 1 1 i ' le.1ss t} as (l two vIa( s *'id1 afd i '. 1 ly of, voi: '}"ock;'l. 4:Be41si4', a stc111: a 11nd 1 bon.t 1xc.},, w,1' a' lt I( I 4 ts t f; a cy 4 rices, ' 4r.'.'1 lVa; y tr I st an1t. 13 i' v 11s tm nt1 l it s'114 4i it i 1 ) 4 Nt 1 ^1 11^ i1,iX1114 i. 4 1 11 i tI s 1 t11' 1 i $ 411 44'> 1 f the 11' < 1ritor1, it i has bee l show'n in 4 the 41re 1i4' i'ag a at it re t g rea i a tChithi L o I g i t i> tL i 1. i 1 < t ih i I -r*".' '. * the of l2Sitt G.%X an 5 x C l r i q a t at h t a t t t t t J A r > t t i b'i i b t 1 1 tr i i t e aOtr H -ta atc t..1 r L. i tdt rta adi k w.f r O:. aitwftji tts aTt=toi> l nanI culttat.Ll1. aw taa rAliir.a(i; h r friudX a it tt~f I, ty 1t f t r f tL ) ddtllg t dl r ta La 'ar.. 3ib r..,, 3.tat rtot at.a itftiliri! t hila rr os i eatata ta ai atfa>a Ris d it a ai, e, tt ta idffllr on ili fot inrf tr ig thfa '(t ad r e.3..''" " f t n ag t a aaty 6f aa a. a' r af t i. fdilise c i am l ial aX g ar- ta a b atg, tt MilrkIi atfta tab i ailiai0 at1 t Xi Call 4U't tE A ifi. fif|uO ai t -I l fa ta> a t tf t.r g |i ff r La,6 i. iaia 3 l. fara- f t t a at a. f rdhI tu pa> ta a V at ta> ta Iad hivaala earl y daaa >laltt 3at ait tat f | 3 3alt 6 Ia. at atqI )a'>t it ffi t.ii>r.3 g i t s:I ret am aa t fia (ai ilia aaa NVMUMJUR e FUCR ll Will watta a Lair daftai d f3''if33fid. a liadl tat >3rt da e Ia3 srg' tbrl a i Ir3Wrt ''lla iftg3 C 3tt 3i. f3 atattaa attttallIa aa at'a t> t' t 1aatl a t~ H A W A I dct-tbled, the mill -x tractio f sje(f lit>1( niC ' * )ucth d toh thI sile h I are rii lt IS Of 14 c at lllls in t. l:, uIp costing!' fromI ha:f a nmillion te) am ivi: I dollars.' -.:e.i'l.rad-uatl s arclt e tx as cl emist.s furt both Leritlizin a m - ri th t b the tt:ty pi f i ')rofj. ssiof nai l en,211.n, I whiie.ten'i141s1! i! | ir Ptotiltrs ~to tiht tiills ldt thieiit pejIIcIiiti"11o (hi<)gh peri or | tkill and atr1e j|taitcl;ic:ord: ilinly.... lThorre are 58 sR.:'ar-pr<)tl l:int 4 com11n1 1 in the Islands, besidlt2/ a few s 1al pla 1telrs. ) If th jte t:lum te.tr jtist ' 11ivn,1 s tix dol p la4i(ti alone and.o e uilline aloe,..All of 'e thers are both Ia.:'lti 1::t: i and:al t u l co 1cerns. The capital. izatio'~n 'anges frth o(d an:d ne(l'w. o ff c(fi: e Iieds i1'1 di22ex 12t 21 11 >1 11 1e 1111 i 11 11 1 11 3~~~~~~~~~~~~1111 territorial$ I~212211 211 111 12211 1 11 OM 8 11 it Id it d ad 11 11 l2211212122112~~e M IMF21 111> 11> J > 22 1111 111 2112.1 E 111117 11211217>212222 1 1211 112111 11 11 12 11 1 l~l 1112 211 far22 I21it U Net M arcnes 12 11 e1 a 1a11 21 1 112 2211 1111121111112 2 H A W A I I 43 11i6Lihild6 iio 11eIDv fliaaimiwa KEH aIRIOM HI ibi i II h AT ah tI-S I at' 6 w iIAatf,Iok( f~Ii 16 eIl C II id figI, HUB 6 6 1AA t>>> at a>eid adola tat ih ~q qa niil A oi s Afid >a iiiIIISO Ai116i ataaaa ~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~ ~ w a1 a a hiiii HIM voido triple MM! 210, a2 E Ib >I i-p a a li N 5f~cjq were litifihiC of Fiffi hi- ih afbm ea!> 69ataa Ro aol ahe -aaaaaaa Aaa a a a~ffiie ataqq aThcaa aa5 II MA~ iii HAt t at aaage at Vai Ht bibN > gad f ag add Naumo aa Maa >1 Ik 1 iiN A A 6>aa I aA aaaTh da Ua T aa S i Iaa ata aa 01 aNS~f aaata bof a EIN an >>a ia l it Ia O aaM aaaaa tatal Aa &M9aahaagl62 fd MN iducationagl I f ffgi Mid RdMh M Oi IICfIIA, iN t6AIIe ii t xiiIfdi sit 11 1 M 1i t. u ui Al 5 I i u u uu AN I uNNA. Nuu~~~~~~~~~u ~~u I~~~u u~ I Ini] I ll thAe ItI 1~AiNdI AsIi 4 i IIi ii le IA imi h iu Iij Au iI Al uA AIN IA i i uAIAI ii f RUi ~ i~ u HCMu< i I 1i A i I I l IuIA IuA I I Pl 141 PAPA I AR' AA~~p lb NA A H]d i A IC Al u l IU Hit NAI ' iAiA~N~ H A W A I I 45 born to several Eluropean tonlgues, as well as to Hawaiian, Chinese and Japanese, the onerous character of the teachers' work may be imagined. Here are the figures of nationalities of pupils attending both public and private schools in the Territory: Hawaiian, 4,903; Part Hawaiian, 2,869; American, 812; British, 240; German, 337; Portuguese, 4,124; Scandinavian, 93; Japanese, 1,993; Chinese, 1,395; Porto Ricans, 596; other foreigners, 151. Total, 17,518. The nationality of teachers in all schools makes another interesting list. Without giving the separate figures of each, this statement from the Superintendent's report should be quoted, viz.: "'The private schools employ more teachers of foreign parentage than the public schools. They employ only thirty-two teachers of Hawaiian blood, and very few of their teachers have been educated in the Territory." Following is the national classification of teachers in the public and private schools: Hawaiian, 79; Part Hawaiian, 70; American, 329; British, 56; German, II; Portuguese, 23; French, Io; Scandinavian, 15; Belgian, 3; Japanese, 5; Chinese, 6; other foreigners, 2. Total, 609. In the public schools there are 117 teachers of Hawaiian descent, all of whom have passed through the schools of the Territory, and i88 American teachers, a large proportion of whom have been educated in these islands. Most of the Portuguese and Scandinavian teachers in the public schools have been brought up in the Territorial schools, being descendants of immigrants who came here to work on the plantations. Of public school teachers 104 are male and 276 female, while the proportion in the private schools is 8i male to 148 female. Pupils in all schools are divided between 9,551 males and 7,967 females-the ratio being about the same in both cases. From a small normal class, taught in the afternoons ten years ago, has grown an efficient normal school that had an attendance of 92 students the past year. Eight nationalities are represented in the school. In the early dclas of California children were sent from there to Honolulu for education. Today a child may prepare for entering the great colleges of the Mainland in the public schools of the Territory. No better evidence of the progress of education among the natives could be given than the statistics presented above afford, although for many years past it has been a proud boast,f the country that a native under old age would have been difficult to find who could not read, write and cipher. Biai f II% i A h~ A 1 1d b~~~~~~~~~~~Z 1 I )LiJ i T h M. HNOtu ~ ~ b Al II f Iig E Sol Afid11 i giV i ig go MAN IV I Si iI II III I;II Ii i H RM ~ ~ ~ I IK ON~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~I II A Il~~lI 14 A W A I I 4 h 6 n d iinihilA h 4d if niE dM0 ln POR, Si[ TW6ib ififi dAf iiU[ tii ddif~iRNii dii on a Idia HO la n ilm Wii~ giftii~fi ~i Ifig nI Ok 6 ilid innffi Mdn ifil ilii IVI sporl anid bd Elf MO lIIfilli piwifi iadfi& i um "a id in pisa ian Idihh ()th61 hohusml ilill R Iiti mm ifi I inn If I alm l ii nrIn i d IA inaniang il ( nilH i iilnl i inailifua \lfl go i di i ilmimd Ianbtou( biffif angid im i~ i~i ni Ii (mit laaid 1I~ Iaia ~ inla I d dn amn a! ivng n infi fii liflimalini tIn anmnnnnMY In Kan di tin Usla i nifinavy l;oedW H A W A I (I I IS g Hi sA ( x II x U xI xL ix xix txlx~ lxII St~ Ix \ ii Eh ibiffi~hi US i!!i ih USx xaix i Ual I (3 xx. bxififffisSM Mlit fig xxisi sl' SEM I E xx K xix x I t ix ii i x Ei fffiikl atx mNxxxxfit dflxx hi IIU lUixl Ai SENSii Ei I I l~i I xxi U Ix xx Is illlx I x x x Ix xxx xxi~ xxix ixiix C xxix ixxi i W lix 1111ixil Ix 9M ixiExi 'Ad 111 xif ii IW lis ix 'imax Lx iixi xix Ix ERICxx x I l ixi x ix. E.i ili xt NO dl ji t I g x xrifiixlxi ii Iii ix ixiix I The Capital City ()N(.L tslJU has few r'ivas thei::t woorld around for beauty if siltuatio.) -ancd by fl markin"s w Of c.ivilization,' its - c'leic l>v:lir ess, vicw cl in'c 1)1( p rs ctiv, i har0dll surtassabl an( p wh r ThrI i l. ownis v rsial.:) 1mo1111,411tains ' u lifr as ct 1 hai l the backgroullnd of th is ce:an etopois, t.)(,)(no whose enviroInmeIn)ts are' m,>ore varie:.idly picttresq( eC. 'R.isinti: in the mlliidst of the city, Pli co 1 i ill, 1oo f.eet high, i foris5 a sali i ( iit 's tt rva t:)r Dil rectly iat front tlics tIle bus' iltss sSctl, liln w d ii 1had r, with-. 'th main residentia bet clrvin,.' about: the mon,),ttnin b:.~ase. eod, the skyline bel' c locan sw)el 1 1ash1c' ini eve:r-rin c1wi,'iii" phalanx 1111. The v'indril ows f wai tr, i crest.cl with il ea;rnit.- Il ilver, petrpetually ritsin, an iti lli lsook' il the distancei lik m'lriitd s(iIttiadro. ( s ' t-, white h rs chtlrSi i int' fol r b.Attl.t ( ';ast'wardlv iand lwiiistwary from the tow co>mm1ct;12)1.ial tu pt- I Icyel 811(1 plains, as wcll ats nort.hwiartidlt, beiite r flank, of the m,'u:,ln.tain into beauteous valleys, the sub"uriban prciticts extenJ., rising into terraces up-on the: slopecs of this n,:)t-i t of vision a.rid adiacent eminences.I, Mere " limpses of housc:s apli:xar throtIh tehe ncUera:'ld pTanoply of foliage, yet. cnoutgh to.ie,,re: diesit of color, while above the um.brageousr mass an o-ccasional cupola, spire or tower glistens in the sunshineu. Al, Ion - the silvery-fringe(d'l batichtes, in:distantces right andl left, inlets -and1 artfully c(onst1ructcdl fishpl)ndrs impart variety to the I ~?jc~rtl3s: Iik, irror'.'**s*/ et. H A W A I I Bait /< iron lualu st *reLu /inu U;elediifid ISI'tre eift ini thi M60 1C)SV il I ci Ptilc IANJ!* fifi;& 'f hif n otfiI IiiW I L 11an s an c X~~ig~ ~ ~ ~ti i aL. ulT< lb, hic, cc1 Xmllll/)ll~na l %(~ 0~9%~,,.ift.X- i (~lari 3 W(.;S S Wt 1 tI!: iljl L i L iL lt S Lii file fhC 111 -IrmOK hwt fiim III(! V fel illMr1 I ee 1 bt i r ti M36t h Ni. ffie blt iftizif ri el f, ia Pssl ta d V)il iI Milasl.III i SIu *Ihl C\ III I, 1 11i 11 1 tl 1 r. 1 IrI i '^''^'"'*'y:" i/jqjllll ~aix ih**n a e*t, * i, ',*il LILLI 1111111 11111 LII. 1111' IlL till. 0 1I1111 1 Li t~lliltl 1>11 ILltI Si k 11 L twi riiwit 161i, li pI; 17 tt *1LII LtL~ it 111111 II t. ll t.'l~ll LII I_ ItL tlt itll1t11. 111 t1 CC lilLhI. III LIIILILI 11111 11111111 IL> 11111 11 LII Llllpl " 'll~~iLt >11` L it iL 1117 i** i I~am**a a***l t.0XE i * 9|es i f ILILL IL|i I LI I I 1 11 111 1_7 LIII LILILiL LIII ILL-' La lliul Ill LtuLic 1111 B... t g(.(.. ff S v gtt tX.(.t~( S ti M V X Ml~~il(Sl bv ~ (b~t( H A W A I 1precipitous gorges. At l)botton' h tere and " i Cnestle, sumptuot)us t ith fields idsand groves. 0 s tillers (lot the scene, while charming villas If prospiru i; t izen iare distributedtI hligh and low over the ent-lfiralling prspt ct.,'::i Pacific IHeights is a mountain suburb)l whoste li;tig hous attract the eye from far out at sea. It lies lbetwe: N Pauoa valleys and overlooks Punch. boxwl. Ans PP tiicailw; y I colnnecting with the city system, winds up the I1 t.oae t hi of nearly r,ooo feet. Thie view is magnlificent. Near the sum'ilt there are Japanese tea gardens. The City Plot lonolulut, the commercial and po1litical m tropot is of the TIIr rito>ry, sits partly within an amphitheater of mountains, Thel city fronts upon a g >(1 har:bor on the south sid(le of the easte'rn end of O ahu. T here is a considerable area of low and c omtp)aratively level. gro(>und next the water, )upon which the business section is b)uilt. The homes o"f man7y of the oldcst families, >- both foreign andl native, are also situlated )uponl t he lower plaiuns. Somet of these homesteads have a mature andl mellokw appearance, firroin the care andi cutlture of two or three g enerations, co )nstitluti ng not the least of the charms of lIonolultu. [Fort some years pastt there has been a rapidt dtevelop.lmen.t of hiometbuildinpg upon1) tht hll-. sides, alst{ in deep valley recessets and along the 'oc(ean bea.tcthes. More latterly this prcess has etxtenled to. tlhe ov crlo:)kin, i mountain heights. The loftiest sirburban villag>c is ))upon Mount Tantalus, where villas glitter in the view( fro1m the blt)sy strcSets below. From that eminence a single sw eep of t(he vision. co.t int niands a splendid expanse of hill, \ alley, ftrest, plain andti oc ecan. Few places in the worll carn show stuch a b,eauttiful, andl va ri ci scene within a similat r compl;ass. 'Thn, certainly, the whl( s )t tt:ic ( ness of tlonolulu's env'ironing highlandIs for habitationt can' nowhere be surpassed. ' The Street System The city road suipervisor has ablout a6o miles of streets tunder his care. King and Nuutanu streets — both i large part3 residential avenues.-rare- the main arteries of trav el. They intel.rsect e ach other near the water front and merge aw'ay into roads that form: M lirfifik bi its 0 i i s t ti i 1.'d aS pS 1 e tf:WI1 to~l a~ti X Wi Set:ta Wile lit t. H iBII? "..: * P a *t ( f0 a st Sthe l aI t isi tht s ii j r ii utfit tiut it1 it oui tn i i itt i itj tt i Midiftutu Ii ii thei i E64ri sit ifi i i itt ill e\ ti | t it str te t ti tt t i i *a it l t Us i i | Itht, tith it the ti rai l siti i 1 iti I i I e Is ii tt it iis ot a i di tittuti d u It It i I it t i ui tti ii t t I- ltillt l Ottil its i f Ie Mii IC8ed iii 5t isii iifi ii lii ut irtit t ii i t itu s G tut _thuf ttiti H i i e lx tr left t i Itit i.ii ii te tii as *it EA Ord uuuidiiti l it*i It iustilii tb srii id hi ii i Allfit i Heis tut pit i b lti i iut ii lt ii t i i. qp1 tu nu! ut;$, (5l, 5)eiS.. X f: H A \V A I t 3 C ' _..,a i_............. z......................... -................... 6 f f f i -. Befr ia~ avenrex ~is one of th f di'V-WAv~ of 1{oAolulm tid cioiri:ahis ffic.v 'l>eat~lit I fi.)6.u s:m 6 b>6wed < in foiliage ax i - of.. ~: t So t I..1...sl a t S - f t it I i s:io ii iH's o dN. AI t te,1 iltersct(i A o le 1 c ll 11ton If i 1 a n Fort ste1 es. F st. 8.1 of N666fio.T Oi.e. i lir: tst;f& fa \ll;i'l 16616irikthe A rgof ofi ii k ii1op jI c11 ij 111 1 o{1 A 11' is 1' e' wot11 11 1ro11 1ih1111.4 bbdli opIe d b1 ri va1 x i f.ier 11 1i 111 1 Y ai ei bailiis flI 0. 11 1 a1 011 11 11 1 1 1\g i: 1hi I I il E _ 1 11jiYsl | _ iilY ii iilll j jj ~i - j.j,j rj jjj AxII H A WV A I I 55 passe: chlost 1)y city orsrvoirs n (01 I I hhic the gormlient electric lightinr pl ant t is siteuatcil. PI'rior to 1897, the rIoad over the PIi was all but imI passa 1) for wheeled tr;affic. It was a successioln of ruietdl,- bcnlchels zi/z/ag2gin abruptliy into each other for a distance f scveral htmdr<:lrtd feet to the first easy slope. It \was iindtic;t harid wav ftr eveci pack animals. Ii the year just mtentiond:;t s1m<)ooth roatdway of comlparativcly easy t raet watis C xcavat:d I;and cm - strct:c alog the face the acli f ffs xovcrloo1inci the oldt r)td.:For this work extendincg 7,620 feet, the contract price illn otpjI coimp tition was 37,. Rtai walls f asnry, o1io,ne 400 an4d another 40 feet longl, lbuttress parts of the highway. IFor t io feet the road occupiei s a tlarow Itdge of rock on thn side of a vertical cliff reaching 1oo f10:t overhtead and.Il jilst as fa;r sheer beiox. At a sh arp anile the superstructure is Fotf concrete resting 1)upon stCC girders that span the chasim. The road here literally hangs i:n miidair. At other pointst: the traveler peers over a stout railing into depths of hun!reds of fect ending ill; dense tropical jtlnglc. What is regardied(l a; one of the gra:nd:c.st views in the world is obtainedt from the stummit anid midway vof the pass. It changts like the unfitolding of a panorama as I ni ast: 4ce:e:lds tor descends, Pe)rpendicular cliffs risi ng intot j'agetd ipeaks extendt for miles lt the oneti hand. From the bhase of the mountain range the lanld falls away in richest gre:: of forest antl pasture to alluvial plains cultivated in sutiar-cane and rice. Vitllaes l.estle in g 'rivis amidst the teeming; fields. The ocean breakingl upon the rag ed coast liinI bounding the landscape arrel-cs tracery so de:licate, se:enS' fro'ml this distance, as to give;a sugcstio(n of mcrmaidts:wv',:;r-. it(tlv fa;shiorning tact b:rdlcer to the fantastically-shapldl islets aind co:) r e a Icc fs,.~ i i; I~. a3 -'':~~~ -~~. 1` Public Buildings The 'ExecutivtX: buildintiti, or Capitol, was formerly lo)lani tpalace, the state residenc: of the last two sovereigns of the King-.'dom of I-Ialwaii. It now contains the official chamblers of the (G:overnor and the maj ortion of the Territorial dc)artmCnts, also the United States Internal Revenue office. The bl Iil din d is If tWo stotri(,SI above' a a;ts llt. t Coloall tld balct is t tthi 56 H A W A I I four sides, upon both floors, ending in towers at the corners, give a suggestion of tropical adaptness. Towers also rise front and rear in the middle, surmounting identical entrances. Iolani palace was completed in 1883 at a cost of $340,ooo. Covering a ground plan of I5,ooo square feet in the midst of Honolulu's handsomest park, which occupies space of four city blocks of normal size, the capitol is conspicuous from every side and its towers command a splendid view. Finished interiorly in regal style, with fine grained indigenous hardwoods and ornately moulded plaster, the building is withal redolent of historic associations. The monarchy's throne-room, now used as a legislativz chamber and for important assemblies, has much of the royal fixtures and decorations still preserved. A great deal of the furniture in the public offices consists of relics of royal housekeeping. Upon the walls of the grand hallways are portraits of Hawaiian and foreign royalties and other notables. The building is always open to visitors in office hours. Facing the Executive building, across King street, is the Judiciary building of two stories. The spacious grounds about it are studded with royal palm, eucalyptus, banyan and other trees, with various shrubs added. Under the monarchy it contained the government departments as well as headquarters of the judiciary, the principal hall of justice being the assembly place of the Legislature. Its native title is Aliiolani Hale. Today it contains five courtrooms, one used by the United States Court, chambers for three Justices of the Supreme Court, three judges of the Circuit Court and the Federal Judge, the Law Library, offices of the United States Marshal and the District Attorney and Tax offices. A clock tower in the middle of the facade, and balconies front and rear, with Corinthian pillars, lend dignity to the structure. Nearly always accessible to sightseers, the tower is one of the most eligible observatories of Honolulu. Kamehameha I., whose puissant enterprise made him the first sovereign of all these islands at the dawn of last century, has his glory perpetuated in a heroic statue of bronze in front of the building. Upon the pedestal are relief tablets depicting the discovery of the group by Captain Cook, who called it the Sandwich Islands — a name now obsolete. Kapuaiwa building is situated diagonally to the rear of the Judiciary building, within the same grounds. A neat structure of two stories, it shelters the Health and Survey departments. H A W, A I I 5.7; Kalaka tia l i, or the po(ic stat ion 1was erctc d' ban -1 in. time to b)( occup)iilt wh(1XX lt its priclt ccessor w\Ct it ill t hlih 1historic confla'ration 0 o4f 1.886 (osidleable acdliiti)ios hav bXeen imadle to it silnct. It is pt (sc tkablc in style, of two sto' ri, al a IbaStemlnt. Ncly r.posit t } l as t I -n i t ion. i ruc t, tt M. hall it and t-!Bethcl. stret's, is tie pjostoffilce. It is a tw o-story buildint.i lately louttbl ed firorll its o1iiiiaIt size, but withlslit toIlii'i4 iip to pt esi'rit requireniments either otf r accI:i tiio:odati or appearnce. ( ljt l s. The Centtral ire itatiotl, at Port a1d, ]. retli strikets,'repre-. sents the happy de'parturI'1 from.l 1t lpla, ick l, tf rhe b)(iatiful lava rock of the islandt, aa 1d its t. wo-aldl-a-lh'ai f stt 'ris aire itt(edi tip after the )iist iniletrolllitaln xa'tnimples. Its colst 'a2 S ub. /:)stationls ait P1'tal'li-t al8d1t M\a1kf iki alt'e rsl.'t.ivcl' bric.k111 a4 d wot( 'ilkcn, The w] e:rta.nia stre't and( t}hc IPa;.'Itllaa p:tlripn::i', stal. -Tiors>, brick, will 'old compaiso fv,:rbl:y twith butilldi' k \s 11 l ikc t1irpo anywhere. liere a re iiItt're of i public it lio H h lolulti worthv Of m ti. Lnt i Th. Io lt.: } i,' il s Ic olll in i t s i1 t was ori 1 na lv'l tI'e antld eqt iIp p Id itl t i)iotn t e (h be t st Amit.Irican l os. i,: 1ulg TIhe Custom Houset uil lings at ' 1 ort Ianild Aliten streets, the maintll onde half a C(etnt:.ury, (oIl(d andl shab);by. A fairly tasteful one f tst.oii'Ailen stret, while a. maze of ldonjon — like keeps are hidden within the angylcs. (O)aht' P1rison, the Territ. trial pen itentiary, sitatctd up. l a raise-d co.ral rccf at t1(e he Iad of th}( lhi'arbor, o()(oks gI - im. e:notlCUtogh to, be handlsome. (,. i tes its f(orty.-.. jfive y'(.e:ars' wecatherigI. The Insanel' Asylum, in a bealttif:ii.l dl1l at lPa'lania, is a( coagerites of fabrics unt dert' the blin of Itl bllic topi'linii,1 11and< grand, juries for beingr utterly out,of date. Business Architecture Honolulu has nmad grat progress within the paist twenty yea trs in the charactetr '.of its business architecture. t EIdific's,'> wniXl:both dturability anld dignity have largely supersedetI unouth s tructu3res of ( decaying 'wo(d, rud1c coral ani i(brid unadorned 'I; jg......... i.. ".ii.,~ '. ' ' IL _ g _. 2 X fi *~ ff ~e'2i6k2itgXgQgt.....t uuE | | || | | l; | |W|| 1llldil~~~~~~~~~~~~~l H 0 | gD:: 1t71341}t1~~~~~~~~~ r. 1 a...... gi, ~(rt2bl The old H hip i 1T i li_ k. H A W A I I i In ar t rookh Of Mr LI t glCx. /1) lilI x llrxh So xxi/lxxxii ixiiixi x1x lox x. *l} lix to1x l11t '' 1 ix Sxxix I ix X iix t1iixiW i.,l dfl t ix x 2 dxix i Xoil-8 hlig..dix llxe { ra f lBe i a lyx ii ro I ir h I l l ' I 1 i l 6 i tii x lx I rt x 1 x dxl Ie I xBli I i i i bsihness fron ts that lo k o itu l itr ilt ii liu i li x l xl '}x past decade x l s w i ixip xli rid of alxxxxx i t lxxox the x rxx di- hailf if the x ixki l x( l iiii i xt t hex,i /i of t i l i iii t lthei x xix x xi xI i to l rx I h90, 'h i Itoxi x l ri xll ix xl i. i lxir l iix il. rixix xxxoxa I i Ixilxiiiii Txlx I 1x li ii6 Mi rifii lxxit has Io I or * Ii: tI' ft1:i werhot t be n p on _ _ g _ x oori xl x iit is xx at theix iii i xi xi fliogh...x x u t l AA ti SX du fd vxuud vfil I iuu uu I/X AX va a iAlus A rvil i iluA A A LA at v u fX I I o I AIXh an o L Al _ u n l s AL AAI * VMS= ' *I!e of fa ME5 Al E. Aff a EA anW L uv I Aul u I I A pi1s te of L i A u A ui f t oe mad thi f fdf 'of gI Al AAA111 w 1s 3IS 1 AA 1AA AAAAI~ X l AAAA I (IA g ~la AA r l AAA AAA XX A iAA l A AIvX UtiAAIA hA AAA~luIA Lx A All As AAA iA tA AheA AAAA A IAI s A 115 AAA AAAA gA A IAAAStX AA AIXgI I tIAA XI tAJAA I AAs; l I A AAAA A.. A A AAA AlA lAX AAAA A A A A A IA AX AAAAAA ' AAA A AIAA AAAAA l Af) X Al:t AIXAAtA AA A 5 AA X Ar1fA ',x AAXIAI AA AllA Af X A A lX A A>AI AAAA I A. AXI s l I I AAI A Ag As IIt AX vAAA A A>A. x t i, i, 9 1, i,; i3 i-,, a xt ii SlA i gi { S1 e XXi ti lti x a:,. X (| Xt.g.. *.;,.., M *.E.^ * * M,.*" ' H A W A. I I 67 polido aaffififfia 6f 11666 1616 1Li.dant ffritnfic ntIad uiptmncnt f r the a ew ho t e in the ALxnadir Yonng bniidifg l havt at this aifitin latin to a, r;isA fiAii New ontk. 1Flnnnnhl hbas a nidiaer nI b c/e i caP iia tn hoial af tille seaid MW a ltii i S i i t at maaim tl ad patl:tiit ifimntiitiii atiii i seiam Ls } mamitv afind W saU; iltdie t fisma tt it Ii ntan ad i j{pt ilathit tan na a tiama i weiii a s. fraIt tin ma alarmalta ala Ian Ii ml lain a m ma liii b irt iialmaaa?~ahlWM& fi.6ft Niffiasit VAN ifa i mini liai g 3nasa ama 5 faaila Ia a' amiy amaim famiis tA ihe s ia t tait Il aim tia aiat t mas t hai ia'a Ii a ti5,lad afim mi I so tallii f iT 1 a a i ii iarae i mi..'s wimh a at f:ait aml li d 51 1th A1i iii stliiTC)i ilia 6 6s661H M ua form t miii IS m5l mmi aia aixi m I of Its a*'il la I m m miam gra ti a t S i s t a l r itie ja Ad a WAWA1 pit pripi a g mii i mm ti l ia da,g:l amiiii a' I-i.. W ith M A5 i It afti$ O a2t tffim in3.it. Ia i t i aiiim Aiiumlmamlcai l mi.~~,~,~~ c l m mi its I al # miit 1t sXeam Arf d d is # Mi M Htiai a 3mti a lim tia i NARA itlm uiii isii l ii m R i i R d S i hi .:... 68 H A W A I I f'f *'.;:i'latia ftor many yeats diiif tat in rie lar&e use (if riva/:,"'. c m 5 Xn |L,,,,,jLthe. t l. in C riteid, to iah" i ha y a I he elalnllilieg'iyi: i tae ei nih c herof l e t:ere Ir live* Fer AhI tee sar he tieireraniet has highted the streets afl 1 Ihdi tohi elec it c Ity ahrate l it' e t r pows er lese Il ' -;': -' * '.|~l 3 ii 3 i 3 i X g M W X (() 323 > Lu tl 4MXh ' t hitoh l bhy the sam e l r 'i sari rit i at rits, hat ce tsed to b wetlI mq/ as ih as trPrrph~ ini / is/a was inaigurated iial rtha e Iast m Tld I rai ph p lttian i of l tl tt- l. in t t It wra Niai 5 hr pr by r t t 'f,":;?::N"a * 'ay y asverV I is terate red r d Ihe| r I fcthril ial/ s art0tiaaly at t titMAlfIlat a greaft aviay years mmmii Is t ta t ~It a sti tt l iii at Iii atills 11t 1 5. 1111 sm ty IIshierall'; ama a'hi of ticostir'sf I i alhii ~ii' tan ~\tigius ii ilL tra i iiii,,:;-",ii ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m 3 3i3' g I I.i ark are j.Y;'I. '.11, r I 'tat in es it e at 1Wmis stMYl" 3ii ji @..:. j 8l.. j:' il ' ls rt.1, m ah th *Spb Id t,,, Ii il lil 1 11l1 11 l 11 11!. lll 1. 1. 1 1 1 1.. 1. 1 1 1 E~ ri 9 a 1 II9 H A W A I I: car-barn. is of latest designl f-or convenince. and precision of (iopra(tion. Fivx cents is thie t uniform fare for single] journeysi'i one direction, with co)nvenienl t transfers )betwecitl dlifferent sections; Sch(ool childrn arena carried fo r half f.are. -Fo-r the'first twelve' lmonths of operation 3 5 5,233 passen gerlws we re carried,';adt' the net earnings werce $6 5.452./87. With the opening of the line.to Kapiolani Park, at tlihe beg inning f 93, an imnense inciease of traffic has ac crn'd. The llatwaiia| n Tramways Compaiy, a.L on don co (, 1rpor ati 0 was unlfortun-atel ill hLaxing start(e>(d at horste-car systeml in I lonolulu just as eletri-ic tract i:-lon il as bi:1in.lg c(eon inlst6rated els(e\whet.re as feasible. Fr tren years, howNever, with all its deficiencies the s vstelm has bi)een a great public covei'\ ient c It contains' nine miles,f t rack, n ow largely par1ialltltt l by1 its electric rival. Just befoire this:boo)k wet-It to press the two systetms have been anmalgamnatclt{ utlier the name of the -01ono(1lull Rit pi( Transit an(d I. n d ( o m pla u v. O(mnibuses antedat(e street railways here andl sulrviv for casual service. IHonolulu, fro:,m a remot period, has enjoyed one of the cheapest hack serv icls in the world. There arc even now nearly 200 lice ns ed c a ri age s i n Io n (l t I lu, d e s p ite t he sire e:t C car (IevC I opmenti. F;ares are, generally speakirng on a has is oft 253 cents a passene'r a mile, two passcngers leiig cairri t certai'n!istarnccs for that -sumt. EIvervy (river is obliged t l t carry a pcl ited c( opy of the iregulati nts and show S it tio pa ssencgecrs w hen re (Iue. tt d. There are several twell cluip p:)ed li iver stablets, with rates as reasonable as in most pl)taccs. Foir a horse an(d singl e-seated ( vehicile the charges arc;3 a half d(ay and $5 a full dfay. A horse and two-seated t vx hicl cost a doillar mi>re in each case. For a pair of horses the rates go from $5 and E8 half and full diay single-seat to $8 antd $So for a tihr ee-seated v chicle. By employing wag;on.ett's parties of tourists ma y njo drives at $S8 tand $ 2 half and full day for six or eight passengers, antl $i ail i $1 i for thirteen or more pass:sengers. Saddle-horses cos()t 2.t 5 andl $4 for half and full day'. In all cases thef chtarges are' higher for Sunday driving and ridilng. Trips tio the Pali, Waikiki and Punchb ow summit, altogether, caln be arranlgedl as low as $2.75 each wvhen engaged by partie of ten or more. ,: H A W A I I ' -.;;;.. ' ' * 17 it d.!g t 0 i 0t Xi tilt X i i2 t I ) O t i o I; 2ifio t M: ':"''"' e' ^' " e r a it ti St t o t2 rl ts 1 t tra o s t lo t h gr oi is~ii;~:,s h hhiihto ot sp t o proiS i it btttl fo th l fiot it ito to oo ro tio si i ttif thet l o carti rittt liltli- t* ri o *t t''t' t.OEMiot t t of t moot tII I ^Z^| ^ ri i st^ i ZEM!2 X22X" t2.r V.2? f2 (tA(222 ~g b XS t 2~1~"" "" ' 2 "2.22 2px i2t2t 2e22 2it g2;i (2S 2 ).2 2e e2eC 2 *.rS IXI0I'III Z2> r~~~: 6'"~;i"~ 2~:;~~ ZZ Z~ H A WVV A I 1 lh citdy ndiii adjbui: t hia Liv Tito fih i 6116 uf i ihullfiik lie Mfid Bl u4 coipigiitiuui thise oeidviiufi i 14 de eaisd kifi:;lid Lhiiof 4ifithy to i by E11 1 fight of iii 4 iii ti l h ig t 2 oiu.i of iMt luiffie o bta line:ii 41k f [N:lu ti ia 1 1 IeL 1414' thle 6 6ii 1i Lw tl iind L nei iv It 1 P h os aihl Oflti akiihi itL 6v. t l i 1 r i ive i vMis lt;mot W hi'b M Lfdi fiL s tvhli Pari of M P}di/fid / m S bjis aI l ~ byi ME, m11 1 T 1 11 11111111 I 4 E edli i11 1 ||||| dai re 'ciitaifi ii 1 VEXI) 11 th i h 4 iipi i i fi 3i iuir f dvi 1of H1...i..l.......vii At ft eiL e fi 11tiv Lu 1 a1 bade 1 -i 11d 1 O i i i 1tofc if th del ii. ii ii ii iins 14E fi l 11111Mers1 iiib i itiffid piv i effl iii liea f1Erd Lv l vibcv..: N XI Onlheraa13s s thi 1 (1 1 1 1 111 1 ili 1114 1114 lf ii IL iti 111ian4elvi R11 - Ni 1i1 Auf in 1 1fi t ii g ihtiI 11 1 ifi 1i i i Nilill ii i1v llilllllllllll 1 i l r ises 4 Li v il nu lal v i i id ii I ii i t 15 id e lIs i II ii n i tL - i ChIc 1111141 CHuI xii iE i e v it ] ii it ii till i 1o i de gh 4111 vi ii Nv li gi pd.:: ii Hemaliaiviiii nli 411111 4 1ii i NA Ail litL lvi ifiiiN id Eli i iLt | r a the I o **fi t sh ai.di y ME I IE F lN 1 in is waIyi o1111 i L i ib l ii hAi itii iNi i 1 i;i'ii1';4 Oia flr belL iiiuihi iiy bli fill huh m di 11 1114 1ii 11 11 i li li 41111. *tetS *' ''*^ ^ '.'" a11^ R S~g h X u 01131 I u t 3 XSX |$ $ tC | the | S a X | g tptXW | ta t31| t 72 H A W A I I The single mamo cloak (Drepanis pacifica) occupied three generations in its manufacture and is the only one of its kind extant. To assist in making the museum characteristically Hawaiian, a handsome native wood, koa (Acacia koa) has been used in constructing the cases and in the interior finishing, while the outer walls of stately architecture are composed of the hard, durable basalt found everywhere in the group. A photographic studio and a printing office are serviceable adjuncts of the institution. Many publications have been issued, such as reports, catalogues, treatises by the director and his expert staff, etc., and the faculty is in collaboration with English societies in bringing out a work entitled " Fauna Hawaiiensis." The museum is open free to the public from I0 a. m. till 4:30 p. m. in winter and 5 p. m. in summer, on Fridays and Saturdays, and all holidays except Thanksgiving and Christmas. Professor William T. Brigham, the Director, is at the head of a staff of scholarly experts in various branches conducting the museum. The Library Association The Honolulu Library and Reading Room Association was formed in 1879. In 1884 the site at Alakea and Hotel streets was presented to the Association by the Hawaiian Government and upon it a neat brick building was erected. About twelve years ago the legislature voted $2,000 to the Association, in consideration of which advanced pupils in the public schools were given free privileges. Consultation of books, as well as use of the reading room, is free to all well-behaved persons, but only subscribing members may borrow volumes. Once the building has been enlarged, and it is contemplated to erect a much greater addition before long. A room in the building contains the valuable collections of the Hawaiian Historical Society. The Association's own accumulation of bound newspapers and periodicals is of much historical value. There are about I4,000 volumes in the library. Art in Honolulu The elevation of art in the Hawaiian Islands is fostered by the Kilohana Art League, organized in 1894. It holds semiannual exhibits of oil and water color paintings ---to which 0 is by 11110 00.'.10. c. 1 4 in.I o 1 10,,o l 1 1 4 r1 i i oi r 1g r1 X o61f I 11 11 1 11 I 1 0 4 t I BIIk I ~.. i fvor a dnd h1ji ut Moo it a tO e.E t 110aalto a 1 ol 1rec1 d i 0111 11t s. h e 41. e y i lit a l f a01 1 x 111 in Me tMo de na Hon fii noluug it C"(lu rbs irl riet t ib Il a*eflb*lf ts l ha A I ( ia.olnaal a l baV i.1111t 111 1 > 0 I::.:'.x_. _ _ 1111t 90h121 irfikii of 1.6fi 'fi." 110 e111110 11 l th 1.g lIl f t1 i 11 S0i0 ll ~> I* >[bo LiI1>1a4 1 I T hean>1 Pil lola Ma illh 01Ii 11~1 Ia Ill lta sAol o oi hi1 f II 1 y Il 4 1 1 a a 1 1>asb a1 in a 1 o a Olt 1 1>>a 11O S itr Edo inAl114 11( the1 11~Sl o I I I E. E~in rn|1 4|n! S(beitLfWit sfeveffild ehe Wt MM 74 ~~~H A ME 'A I I Ifi iitid fi (IV N ((RU~ Ifii l ji ri I kijj g mf It El a a roaN ksiid tfic 1i xlkV ifiW thJ60 I~1 IV U INSR IN(IV fid ig i I d I~ I s t I I (S ( Is I ft (I Il MM Of~~~iiaik 1 1 t's 1i!Ei ifiidlb 116 1ithl (V i MUMS bec fi i S Ik stIftiig a I It (5li 1wt ifi((1( I fi I I fid Egg Town of Hilo Beautiful Situation ILO is the chief town of the " big island," as Hawaii is called, and the second of the Territory. Including the plantations of Waiakea S 14 and VWainaku, the population of Hilo is estiit s s (01 mated at 7,ooo. The town is beautifully situated upon a slope overlooking Hilo bay, which, it is expected, will before long be converted into a secure haven by the United States Government. Without breakwaters the bay is exposed to ocean swells from the north, forming as it does a sort of pocket set into the eastern side of the island, the western shore of the bay aligning due north and south with some miles of the island's coast line. A splendid back country-only lately made fairly tributary with common roads, but now being drawn near by railwaysscenic attractions all its own and salubrity of climate are factors, along with advantageous maritime position, which combine to make Hilo at present a place of charming interest, besides assuring it future greatness. As to the hinterland, the reader may be referred back to the notes on the island of Hawaii. General Appearance The streets are generally laid out crossing at right angles, but some of the thoroughfares athwart the slope wind picturesquely through the town to merge into main rural highways. Streets leading up the hill from the harbor front constitute from the middle H A W A I I 77 terraces most lovely vistas, through foliage meeting in an archway overhead with the vision ending in flashing sea waves. The higher levels overlook a slanting mass of the same luxuriant greenery, here and there speckled with peeping housetops and pierced with spires and flagstaffs. Beneath the umbrageous covering are lovely homes embowered in spacious gardens, where roses thrive in such varied richness that they appear voluptuous even amidst indescribable floral wealth. The business section upon the lower planes is steadily progressing from the rough fron-tier to the modern city aspect. Already there are some handsome business blocks, and there are banks and wholesale houses. Railway terminal conditions are bound to quicken the pace of advancement. No doubt the United States Government will shortly give Hilo its due meed of public buildings for Federal services, as well as improve its harbor. Sublimely eminent over the landscape that blesses the eye from Hilo are the domes of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, with cloud wreaths everlastingly whirling about their upper periphery, and their snow crowns shining like jewels. Wonderful cloud effects of kaleidoscopical changefulness, which are easily caught on the camera, are characteristic of the Hilo atmosphere. Various Attractions There is little danger of incurring any tourist's resentment by advising him to tarry at Hilo for more than a casual glance around him. Many things he will treasure in memory are to be seen in and about the pretty burg. Rainbow Falls, but a mile from town, never fail in responding to sunshine with heaven's glorious arch of promise perfectly limned in the gossamer spray. The cataract splashes 70 or 80 feet into a dark pool, receding within a cave and discharging in foaming rapids between vertical walls of rock draped with the verdure and bloom of morningglories. Two miles beyond the Falls is the great cave of Kaumana. It is the vast duct of an ancient lava flow. The cavern is easy.to explore for a great distance toward the sea. Beautiful stalactites end I*hr di ih at where, h*.t h the o ahth f aor h h nta( a ih h m Iaar (a.t. S Ui. fa ne tr nade nrd sa ba Is r bt lan ear hand are i i j:i ':'"lt t 'tr t r d I n ata n (ai Ir t(h tti(i( t(u *ap r _ ring (rtck P if(aa( i I.:*' ~ ~ ~~ t I I I' aI Ida twy a Pall Whio(a i arth ( t( P o and rh r ~~I l((a a( _m _ (dt I"Z((( a t N Of aide tr trtp tit de Ehe d.if th tr a a t I a ia((rfr i etFa., inng au t(( tt 6a ar (aasath a(I l r iaa aW e tar h (tftrdik the: ' (((((((((a(( t (a (Ii((r a rat trara I na (hr Iri (aIt ald bar tha tXr t1 tg the ((((((a l((r 2]X ((((Ia a (l (~r n ia tlgaa (at (at tI | r' (a (a. 12I Sa( nr (' at a IC te I eIa aa a.' ad ranpt pa (tlan p ( tsItt a ((ta r tar a L a ma tttnaX a 1 eIra ph t r a t atn tr X r ~ aa ( ((r ( n (l a r n r(a (1 1( r((tal C40~ I ea, trrrln i e tlia h " t a( IawN a (Xrinrgrl pr a~t er araa a (I r th raat ~~~a~8~~~l~~is~: i~,i' '.. ',' ' % "' '.' ' '. ' ' ' '"..' 5 Money iprip H A W A I I A 1111.1 Licbal Entterprise sFo a:| a H I H pj\ H a. fi a l a. '. a ".' " ' I' U d U I t a I t hU I Ia. Pa H I U H ilCX|ht 9Mi iia O jH I j.IUn IH.a..I.. ThEoia 19CaH d CR)a.iia i ts COapIHiHs l has W&M aa Sigh aI 6i6 Id t h e a i d ino Uiv aler a ol taithi e ha a pa.ladai.I ali I.a.I ai. h. a. I. aIhi ha a. I a at ii. 111.n an di a.9 I' (lIa. 111 1M ha.g. Ia.l 6 a. r hI 6I. ia.h ai t hedh Itt fHom THE Pdthe I H hi p M i g111tM a I.Ia l ha lk i i an' n;aaaai Pallr'1 liiitaa.'ah' In a ear."al |aasia a citv X an d t hb as wel as I).1 lll Ra n *' *. * I'..'.' I * I l I I * t* e'. ***:;. **:;:: A-,:;^S.|.l li. ilallilliatt(X~lS Xrg 4:a~t~r~artrirtX~ra r W li~~ ~~ allmntltMt ~i~e~~ ~~i illiiilli;~ liiillll | |||||| So ~~ ~~H A WN A II wsvbi~ h e~fiIdi chide o SId Kjapaosc InissioTm The Rifffil iuthI idir EIMv 06MfV MMiico 6196 ifi~iintsif SsE lMds0y' gelA66 do6 s 130 i il s i 6isiji1 id shoLei Io 17 his il oh Cat iim itIodi pio 5t 0iillii ui~i oid L~t Oiit t~Iti &Iu '0 iiti'L. (los iii thi slts d os diisi a m io lw fitoioit oitietfnioosi'de tiss iNdCn id te FE i Eelthfis h1issi not 6imn LA the iiiA ii t thidfe onfd51055 hsO I tsi 1 iiilsHsih sh hettosis (lts tiidiisth tsnStisit hoioshts i'd Is hMs Forssiss Eldts Mid X inifis TIts i~i tigtiffiti Ht hais it ri O~ oiiiiii dl i A196nii SItioostillOsSii ii iP the HE 'E itA 14soI to (i jIoI Me iistbost RIt it t fIfito if thOW Is dtOit insi litlga utit ii i In~ tti lijiptie Ct'oi MMl s lvoothe1 Hl~ld tf Mitd551 t i ttib li ilil tiiW ut It fifi os til thuiii 5stitlih nsttiiiit IiPoe it it nido tthesil SO~~ ifXiel t iliies icioit San~~~~~~~~~~~~ i :i~,~~gjRlil I:'i~',:: s8~;li:11"1~;1~I,;n,, r i B.iil I~,1 Illilnu:PPI:;pBI:i ~;,,:ri~~;; ilill ~:f '""~'" i' i,, ~s;a;,,lr iii8s iiilii ~~,ii rii.i ,pi Il[ii ii ii ii:ii-ii!i"l! ii IIRlilillBIII rxi~ l'??"i'i' rjU,i g m;ii ~a~~, '"I s s '""~";,~~;~iil;i;l~n "I.,,.~~sill,,~6:r i;o.;;iii:~~:~~.R n ":'""~""~~~i:~;i; Bir g ii:, ~~~' il;~cBi, i;~II;~ r ~nEII i~ r I I a r ilidiilii i~ ion H; i~, s:~8ioisl,~,.,,I, Isx,111111 I II sa iU~l ~~,,ir ~I: [:~BA"i'll: ''^ r,51:;?1~, lii:i"ili;ip nnnl~., lr~ ~I,i,,,,, i~~i: ~~~i'",'~~o:,~;~~ lil I;~,ii,: ~'~oW~':'~;,;'~; n'; :;:: ".''"';:;."";~" _~x;~i,~ia~,,r m I";~ I~i,~:~ii:i,:i~I ~ss?(s,.~ E. _~sS:(,,~xr~i r*SIIII,~,i.,,.~5?.,,Ii.5 Sports and Pastimes The Hawaiian Turf HE Hawaiian Jockey Club was instituted on the second day of May, 1884, King Kalakaua heading its charter membership roll Of the ~.,! charter members a number are still promi-, J nently identified with the commercial life of "^ fe ^ C the islands, some of them continuing to take @ ff iL an active interest in the club. From the beginning the club has held an annual race meeting every eleventh of June, the natal day of Kamehameha I. It is usual, also, to have races on such holidays as the Fourth of July, New Year's, etc., while match races on Saturday afternoons are frequent. Valuable trophies and liberal purses are hung up for the events. The club was a success from the start. Horses were brought from the coast and bred with island stock, while owners set up their stables and raced island-bred horses. Clean sport was always made an essential by the club. The by-laws made all members amateurs. When four years old the club affiliated with the National Trotting Association and the California Jockey Club. Ground was leased from the Kapiolani Park Association, which provided the club with a tract unrivaled in scenic attractions, and possessed of a speed second to few in the United States. Experts adjudge it to be only one and two-fifths seconds slower than the famous eastern courses. It is a measured mile and marked with distance posts in the regulation manner. H A W A I Hihtte lil mhic t6W d I t o d wi ' r.oa-' ii. a v cOurse at H6161U Plfli S114144)114A by a 41a 4. 11 i isd f t o a sateo:h:ri is e.n Ne14Slyl 14111 of6i 1441i 1 iiL Wi a t heddiag Nb ribdir 11Cai 4 11t114 at Sajl)e4f k t Parf \ itluka Xiii ieldIm 1 ever fails to 66fa r fllllltr ctifik t1 tle Iifl;al alert 1411 the fifiCldC nub bnnidet 1havlig a rie.eCi Cf h on a ies availab e l6te 1i11 41 t y 14 is h4. jj ke loiai fW aid:r a he Irlel*rbe 41144 1414144 141 I~tn 1 4141444~41114 111144 44 the N 1111144 41.111111111i1 f IstrR diVtvuiti of the younger t } ofibee NO:Nifhikiii f yii 4in 1a11 44111 to 1a 1 14 tdlh Iri Il ti l 4t1en 11 441 441111ini a 4 s t alk a 41 i t lt er 41 t 1e11 1in 1 l4l 4of iW eig gornseIt if lng 4t ai llO 11 a X fr '11 the11 11111111141 4S] rl.tr 4616ei 411114 1 I4 lIelli f41 111gI4h14< 144 41 th4 4r11g av a comm I fn11 4 4 r 1..1111141 111..........l.Il....4...r.n... tl1 lglI t 11141 fd r to tity well btifitid b t b some 41 1I1 f rf 1114 14 led1 d b1 be la w t Ir coILers ia l6fihi4il r arete wnl Aiinlg 11 111 4 11 1114 be l lelf 11 d 4 4 1 W l ln I1Rk4 44 11xa9at; pin1er1 tl41144 1 ail N.14 F1I Ahnifitt i i 6 kRi d~tifi i o te esin. of th 1rr141 niW l 14 lark Al C6o e aeaite 14 k J gt 4 g hats d1 11114 111 1411 4114 4nth1 4 4 rr 1114414 r t i S Ihn. irtl} 411 L rX 1 11144.ll4iw g 1Z, _ have Ima tl~ th14 e 4 1 - 111: ln, 1114, MriiE i nl i,. 1 d * i Sq1111114 1144 111 ^^^________ 84 H A W A I ME R, C L. Parkin at this wrk. and he has dposite larg Alle6 6Ans in he t useum of Cabridge Ualversity aad the British Musernim Aaong the natie birds now l eliev d tobe xtia tc are the mauno and the ao, the feathers of both heiih were used in making the fan s aKs, Cm. aow pre sered as ei s ies touer, the reait navigataor early in the ninetet ceaitury preseated Kaa ehal eha I. aad higs chiels with cattle and sheep, as Ataterican natial a is wellas.jt:-''''i~ii~ i ii atl cai al v.las. As goreataseaa of the cva iferizns i igio tA tdon l-d btet fer thy Sttaiaea t tn aer aia ts of the seasai There areilsa nthes in a iagaiaar ege AMh o C A ia hsea tlie. ^tis atn1: alar 1ha ba e a _I e raill gwii iiii[ gayyfr an R fit van do 1 t a at aoat Ba r" h, rfaptalortuny fdoagit b stat hMA.A ets, ajj j31gg~~~~~~~~~~~~ng y~~~~~~gtS. nfi} EM~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~n tN ttS dot~ ~ ~~~~~~:;:" ~~:, ii~.,;. ~;~ ~XX~. ~, ~, ~~;a;,~, orl llo ~. ~, ~,~~~. ~,~~tic ~~X~ ~~,;~;:..'~p:.;...~P~~iSii l H A W A I I l iawn tena is ha or s association oaf sral cbs i P61o has of late aained grea vigor There are frequent 1fh tin va m o So3yt gi b Ma.n& Mr M.Dmnhas provide dlinks for Ho6lll in 0 i ai s yiar Ayss ar a', * a il4y Ifdopr at Io a l hr a W W from stiw ortweiity years pas u has hai an annual reigatta l t aestt as bi thta Nf lvebr "";l. bt o late Year i hs ban changed th thidi Saturdayo Sepeei r an made V lega han the Fourth f Ju th annlrowin racor champo be clubse of Holu take phice At Pa h Thei My al}Z3X-AI~)8a>k.a Xatg0u afu3 t1t~~e M3e to3Xf3?e F-. 86 H A MW A I I d n ( ) Lncr erU l }) 5 'A d Ix bc I t}4Y maudndain (cflm~ Ar xiixiid iiMiii if I I i r1 xi lixiili id D iiiixMe fx iixr x iliA xxx lamoxdin l' es at ii i Ai x i itx e of lF1t6 xuib l Jt bi r ag im |ii lxx i d I tIll llxl iiaxlix l dn r Ixsscixxani lim ns11 ged io it i iieik l'b of e i ff i g x c b ffid. fx i rrix u has A iarl e flmilla ohixii Aix a yhis111 Whirb race In 1w1 1a ol l n (l xxx l Dif x ad lidINk ii as fix c f In fur ' s on a th te oI))~rr81 1Xf iIlJuly. Swl'mmin si d an g iila t t: b llate car~/~x dialnffiffid J4ia xi iI l x ~ll(|r ixl I a i r11 1 p tt la iiih ear soafxxii rc 6 fin e lf the x a1 l i l Ti e ax ixt a iA txe i m i ar a els dnalm yeari} t ieer caeiili *:.e Wx th xlgx ia l x to a 1 i | f ~ elf A' N f man sio fari ii the xi fer as to ake hi a pea x hiix i by ci m r l a fism At ihe arrival 9di de / Udairear ll laix 9aa I gteamri the lk e aliv aMeet baiti ~e Xif~: o. N u nvltI[ L Ne t'he tlif is oInta i tioru I ing f*ffii tii t j ik in the s Ig i sitar *wIii aiiiiii Iiili thel l l h it * i fel; ii t F h ue y Fl lel _ia__ _-_ _m_ - >~ W j <~ >)~isde dii Ti ine ir ii1t nhns in s r ii: eI I*i o x i t r. Othel 55 idiiietiii thtei e a ist i ot rf toee rli ihuy diris 5 fi Tiiit 1 WMI a 11 if th Sting aiffidd su1 hiftS fis tid eil failast ii tc sI f m tion ts t olr isi i s f i i 1 11 liffagaiiist n l hax I si& i iiiis suilul thu lil rj ilts hl is ii ip i Wh1is Mlii E thi s e ik d i th si1s 1Iv sa s fant istliui i i i K s K i > > 1 % f, X r~ vrd ix rl lzg ets )tjl;X ig...f X X X W................................ a~~~i;~,~~,, 1151~~j,.a,, (:,,..,rmXg|E3 0~ ~ g~~c~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ II H A W A I Infterdland Steam Nay MvitiA C~n pany t atttt atny: utt With thuu aamtuu su a t i wh t...j ef bNnshine: d~Nm'iiiii~ d itmiffi~ d fi~fii line Ai iiin [tUt tat iid g uua tua ttt a t uti t uu a.tt t.\t aI hu 'a ffa O tu Nuui tat at J s utut a K[ u a 3 'ti O ut at t au [t t M A aa >ata at otwsand [ of a tt [ N8 tati atttt ta t taa Ai- (Tt uutu at [taut u[ ttd A t a ta id aata 'i:l W Eal tuj ftuu>L taa tat tt t 'tt 26 t., uM aS t a i A at d tt t C6111pAlli? thelib;Iii ohillif thefidi th~ll(are1V upf.1d carrying 'M i ala uatti tt<'> tar )t X t[' a. a;.l11a I 1[a g ~ i. g l. Xtutu a~a II at at a ghaelfi ktg ~ l t ~ lg, Illtl s hl*' } a m iliiiiaw i*j~ d ttawaii~l M carry ing p asskfigoeg it:iadd Mian thii V61646% h ~ _~1~;~ a~s l l;....I IChristianity and Civilization Kaw aodiq Ch eh NCIENT as comO tohl with surronoditg bibri of ri;:t r or br i tbitt tt jet it iti tit5he; Old Stfme ChIrch" is ea h t dtork of both p ait oad p efl t xi r i 1 A ooluh ii whibN dsio bid thli fir i to iea ii a mmitPite l it ion lot r wor1 shijinug tctntatitots Vt i[o/bobit Katwa;thao (l~nto s bneds N'~ /~t visiN "iit~ rEv~~cnc~ byI asill aWho 6d to ht t in (thel s dl of the afte ri the sete ketletsxiattil mothels of Now Etiglaid a Ocitir}y ao, bf utwithio Ihe past felw ytears its tetiori hsut o te tirefly paste 06.. * t tai uti the i ci o i 1 uiCthigteM wit1'h Iw '. '. ihat it'ftihejt dro u~ ~~~~~~f~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~',-1 1. L~~~ik ~ra,d,t~~y,,...., E ~~p~Pra~g n.-.1;~i:"..... ~~~~~~~~~u ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~W Mt ~ V 6i ~ ~ th ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ A~I em~~~~~~~~~~~......... H A W A I I 95' much of an alliance o(f thait people with Baptists, M(thodists, Presbyterians, e.tc., bl)ut of latte years the increase oft the whhite population has resutlted in a brancthlnig )out of somre o)f thle allies into societies of thleir 4own.l Centratl Union has nearly 1,oo0 members. Its benevolencet in 1902 lamontie to $61, 92 and its (expenses to aibo)ut $ 12,000. The Episcopal Church For more than forty ytears the Anglicatn corlnullunllion had a stake in I Jtawaii1 as a missi0on bish{oplric of the Chulrch of E ng-'larnd. D)uring most of that period therl re ecrt (Cclesiast icail par isles in Honolulu and at se veral, c outtry places, a rt l sutaincd by Episcoipalians of d iffcretnt nationaliti s, 1 and in 1902 th-e (entire organization pass d under the jurisdict:i),n of the American Episcopal Church in harmo, iny iwih th t:e clangetll' political status of the group-, Bish top Stale'y wavs the. lpionie, er. succetdcid'i by Bishop is, the latter haxving beseni in chlarge for: thlirty years Bishop Restarick is thei fitrs iet incu ibe t f ithe Atme:rica n jurisdiction. St. Andrew's Cathedral is a nmemorial to King Katmi.eh. aleha IV., at whose itnvit'ation the Anglicttan commltlunion was estab.lished in his kingdom. The stonet for its arches, 1pillars and wincdofws was quarried at Bath, Enogland.. Qucn Emma, is w ell as Bishops Staley and \illis, succesllssful c;lased in Assmei ricaand En3gland for aid to build it. Work of ctnstruction begant in i88o and service was held in xwlhat is nowx the chancel on Christmas, $886. Two bays have since been addedt(. Even as incompleted, St. Andrew's Cathedtral p}ossesses features r anking with the finest Gothic architecture w est of the Rocky mou.ntains. The winldo(-s are filled with beautiful stained glass from the studio of Clayton & Bell, LJondo;i'n. When finished, this church will consist of an apsidal choir, a nave of five arches, and two aisles carried on around the choir, forming an ambulatory. Roman Catholic Mission Conspicuous not from elevation of site but from situation almost at the center of the shopping district of Honolulu, fronting on Fort street and flanking on Beretania aventue, the principal edifices of the Roman Catholic Mission stand. The Cathedral H A W A I Churc of Nore Dme du dn is of imp dimensions but severely plain architectur A large and w nde court wvith transverse alleys adorned with trees shrubs and a fountain and statuary, separates the church from the houses of the bishop and clergy, liprary music hall Rtc oi the side next the a venue, while adjinin the hurch o tihe oposite ith a beautiful facaide upon Fort street, is a large ai om conve i nc i ng young ladies' seminary c jducted by. th islt ers he first Roman Catholic missionaries arried at lmonoa an the 7th day of July, T y came t e re t of G rno okli whho had been ap pointed by King iha b t 1 (sKamh ameha I1). The mission has now ic ihehes all ariun the islands and nleHawaiian Po aiguee Spraaib, Ans.rican Europe an and Asiati It possesses three gr schools a thmaagement of Ameracan teachsers lthe Bm*'ers of Mny} a three a scho I for girls c Missionle has at its hea _. _isphals are n greatby Ia: - i * in _ _ gation af ie F ait 0a'~T aria is a ho eb Missin has a1 its hoodl badsho asssted by tw nty seven Is Work si he Methadist Ipesap hush i awii form di. sactri ti IN Pifl Jasa M n gxs I Pc sni M MRN OM H A W A I i H A W AI"dk~ ~e~k f I 97 is pl)residingtt etlder. Enigllish. worv was rgaitizaed in i lc city of Hfoncwaltu in the m1ondith of Novemrlh1(, 1>94. 'Tlhc sP ol andl class of i:pwIorth Leaguei. fiAie piropert'xt v\lttd t $30o 1ooo has bCn scured a1do paid foir n comprising a cosv chiich and two-story stoine!pars rt:,pproximates I o10,000, Tlirce elay sch"'ots and fiv:e.ni1 f E l 1A Wt I 1 I tl:t i n 'r t ll 5l i 1 11 1 f111 i I fi15I l i lil l h. 111........l. d aail g~fiffim mummig.1106 iadw Niss itan Reelief Sdem Is *, lX:\;i;; i bird l. 11 | 6 r I I.. 1 51H ll li hi II I N 11 lam11 i11 I i -l 11' I I | OF1 iffic2ima Seven gears agre, umbel] 1 _ _H__MMICH.iI *_ |,| | 102 H A V A I I supply caused much distress. It has a large fund in reserve for any similar emergency. The Hooulu Society, organized under royal auspices in I878 to promote intelligent care of infants, is a strong organization. It has the oversight of Kapiolani Maternity Home, founded by the late Queen Kapiolani. The Associated Charities The Associatel Charities of Hawaii was organized in Honolulu in March, 1899. Its object in a nutshell might be stated by calling it the clearing-house of organized charity within the bounds of the capital. Among its functions are the work of investigating cases of applicants for charity, of suppressing peripatetic mendicancy, of preventing duplicate alms-giving, of discouraging pauperism and of apportioning specific cases to the affiliating societies where they respectively belong. A bureau of information, with a paid manager, is maintained which does much direct work in finding employment for people and giving emergency relief. At one time, it may be, from 400 to 500 names are registered, which represent o00 or,000o persons wanting relief. Support is obtained from an annual membership fee of $5 and donations. In I902 there were twenty societies affiliated with the Associated Charities. The Local Press There are six daily newspapers published in Honolulu, four in English and one each in Hawaiian and Japanese. Semi-weeklies number six, divided among English, Chinese and Japanese. Honolulu has seven weeklies, severally in English, Hawaiian, Portuguese, Chinese and Japanese. Two eight-page English weekly papers are published at Hilo, and the islands of Maui and Kauai have each a weekly in that language. There are six or eight monthlies, while one annual has existed for twenty-nine years. The oldest daily paper was started about twenty-one years ago. The Friend, a religious monthly, is the oldest English paper west of the Rocky Mountains Visitors are usually surprised at the vigor of the local press and the amount of its news from clay to day. Among the dailies the Advertiser contains twelve pages and on occasions more, the Bulletin eight pages (twelve on Saturdays), the Star eight and the Independent four. -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i~~~iiili.. ffi~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l":a~I Lange FLOWS V0Cgg f XtE~~~~~~~~~de W klg~~~~ea l' Athlete n~a~ Volcanoes of Hawaii uCT sVE violcanot-s exist oi: the it islaln ilf t Ilawalii, but even tradition z 'iv:s nro account o'f aly eeAShet r ti in the lro.pI Anld tl t a wII xii voiCa ni act ivitx i has blcen conftitled, wift'lil mol)ectn til me Ns, t lto2 t he sit n, I r i ta d), l li s f I t s o;f I lu a ti a, Ai;. the c jxictino, of ian ruptio t of Moulnt Iutala il the yiear I S, Eruptiols in the c r atc i t o it c a t. ikca a S-t v4,o fe t e le ati ', an d i n th,I t lL oj f;,B }5. t 'S ttt t t0 I I l ii I II I " t 4 I Ii t i i i d i Ii ti t) ti i I}I that of Mokuaweon. o at the.sunitn f the " oat io:unt aint 13,;67; ftiCet high, togetllher -ith If, of iva tfrm lpirtst abut the pe rphlry near- the summtit, atll ( occurri ': at iia rretculr inter-ll nvalts of ve ars, const ti ut tlh live feat ures o f tia laa tn olanict pitnoimena. Th{13 people ofi the isl altd I}av e not the sjightest fezr of their vfol canotes, hav inAg a reas l othesis o! f Stet rity -in the amnopltitu of vent for' tthe inteIrnal fori\es atfftiletd by tlhe iU!Aeros oit fict scatttered over the ar c.a of activity. The mou tlntaits o(f tle island are so po roldirious and thlI flow of laxva is so sl ggis h aftei r it ha tiso ve d s im e dlistanc e, that et totie in aVn of;the iiinihabited pjarts t f the islandrt ciould IArdlv'be s)rrisedt bn,an invasi on o. f f ':- -:-: Lava Flows Records are extant 'of ore than a score o.-If eruptions upon Ma1n a Loa i inthe nineteenth centurx, leavin out the first twenty y f i data are liacking. T he lava flows caie fromi vanri ous po )lnS rAts t tthte Stirillt at dI SoIAme oIf th IeiAA- a ste d madntv nont)ths (Onet in t188 a- I atiother in 189l1'made magnificenti displayvs, which vwei- (asi;, Asafely accessible to, view at short range, and ndrew I ar g, lAinibers of spe,actators from all over the islands. On .r... *. H A W A 1 I heILI flv 0911,16 Sit out.1 I -ir f*il e i Me a Thi of fio. i. -. c d d h S f S o t e.as t f - In t h eiW tih Ia L i ~1 h 1 lo I LcIut Ito ill ' I i I Il, I lai pill t RINJAM s j) c q Old e a 01' Me p b r i5 IbUYL n I ii Illit(1 i t( taIL1r C dI ii t ii i t 1 pI dI iii pi ti d I 1li ti lbfiffial r11 fli di di j ie p av 11 I e I II i l dl j 11jH t dl UX rIu U pth a | ( a W1 t1 l t t t S fi t M e t h11 1s | U.. sig -i O LqjlI Lk ilm*lithe otifIl 11 1i I 1bii f d||ill li IM t lle t LiLL It o rh o f J 1 LILLLI LII 1 c l 1 L l I1d I w I il qiLd I ti h r e w e(.1s. I tll g hi t i LI ilidoll.Id dUILILIi fl6t i Il iiiii gfiitldl ry N di difil X 7 LL t iriffdiddyd do L lili Il( Lti 8I a9f h thL ' hid L a.i t tL t-thili I n i iiE hLI X o tU.1 h Ies ie 1111111 06i I 2 |l sIII E i IL Iit<)AI ICH a r Sid uar l o u * *, *. '":-i 111 IL LPI) I! s it | 1 r * as t ~til l *: ''*** * ** 1S:,;*"..'....'' *: i'.:' '...* '. ir ' ^............,W...''' Iih t rim l of I I 11l.it o- a i fn: i h 6.'.h'. IlL I i it Ir tie t I I 1t hid 6 I I I i ti A L iX Si riffin f h a t ii ti M O iLuih',IIL Litt 11f111 ifii 11111 ii. IAigl III 11111 Liilo ll I I lL trilial hdl til Maldng I 11to a 1a11 f 1 of fti LII Id g aLt al4 t i11a1t tillhg l ill I t Ij iI LV hil I I t i.~*'*~~~::; *.IX~~ H A W A i It l I th t 3s ii iY t isR ItI llf fillifR i t Ii silisi uno VI d * R. J < i, s H di l.'^-'S 111ft^^^6 Ed v. i' I ";;.'S * ' '; *. the reifffieffi ( Ed I HPIMAY c h ssi i isi over '... R. ',. i........... 'ifiri v.' ' * r t a ai 11-. *;**. di ^y r i ^.^:^ i;.:. * R UNIM&M-06~r11 ll Vs IslI Ifst tliStls af~ir M Mt Eli i _ B _ _ ss: Iuthii:*t iis;ti Is t.l nu ss*t ot 11 1 I a nssiet e... Am / * l s 1 1 s e, a i o d e r n i I N V a us? -:ts h iss ihs it > t: s itbu S nssi tc( a i a t isii h i,, t an llsve ii il:W us e is. is ti I itti S* sil. the ctaertsVs55s m 1iii tof St;Xi slili. M i si s ii i tohIs i u hi l i ts.l a lIsts s >1 iiihnr 5iX I s stti^ s ti i *st I'hs'i si i t'llltr*il si ) lst siatt j3Eilih I I l tsi Is iiiisatEi iii t)?stfiiii0 itu Oslt II:is i ih*ihiliuts1i iisil si i l i iiisil ii*h ss:.ttiiu thus n.isis s tihl d E s' tsi 4111 i si t it5 E I is 4 1 r y~':-^ ^^ ~i~[1~ *;':-:: *":t * -t "s ~ H A A WV A lAl 1 f~teeL fOI i;n i yI.x9: *.n 7,i xitixlxlt xtt x xt, xxix. 9tI I. x tX )ttiixxtt xx ixtx xx xxxitxx xxix xtlle/itl IT 1i l/ t ttii t'la fI r A. Nott I. t illaJxtx it m te it l t in lt it x t t II E lw xlixt~ i t~ t ti xtx~tJ0Xl)|t x tlilxtxtxt~sx ll.xx Itti~att ttxx.-glt l x4 W~it t x tllx*::lE^...'"...0d.^.:.J^^^ Itt-Ix/ l c n. I w txt tt t xx I xx ttt x t lt I t xxx i y ttxi xx t f fado txl 5 i I l' O fiI tNitx tIli;t tifix ix llx tH ' i | J i; ittltnl aill x/ix Ill it. M ti tt I tw li t x ix(:x ei di ix ni t o r ii ' 'I a p4 Ha4.. 1. c r el of i it I xl i n x xa xi x ii x vl n l x sx IN Mc! ald ~t ' lt i i f thel* In l t111' * xi t l *t lt *l i |t li' * li E Allx ii x iMoixItt IA l Elxxxi I 1 ix thlrlexx xx lltw tl IRIMURl I'ill }\sxx xxxxl tx l.llll lxx- |I x l I xx Iplxilt xl l xiti ixt llixll f i or 1 ultnx~z~i Al ~t W ixhlxx xi~ll~ixxxtn xtllxdxxtn xxMxlmxx I l~i til xxx lx x xi itl~i x ixl4 t Ib 1s H A W A I I drciwdiL Che L ac iculcic c:avrix is i pccaicc iic ce i&fct td |hr, x h a hh:l &:o In it rs ceLii it is ic cct eclcci iLi tlMAU fifienII fet each Wilk hlN~t,*v n, si/'} ill toi ~~~~the,~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -clia e i' Ai fe ci iiil i1 ii th:e,:ssa**,:, ****vide aa the /leoriA Rhclud M ofi i it nt ali if he s i i t i *i tBie ~o i~,dc,, of th t V i ani > c ita icttrl w i Nw k a,wth i ii Irctm it '\;%lio itis, I II itc tl ciircIt1ve (h grqcl Ni Aft lilciiia~x;~ itiiii- i utr~~ ~i~,iut:itii tlhhit iffil Vit I c i ii iiiiii lii ht i iithe Lifiii rcii I ii c;I cccitU"~ ~rt a t i Ut arei ii ii N cii c iiicsir offid6 &i 2dd E h ~d~iehdi H A W A I I l9t strange rs. Par lr aI"d (liillning r(oom c(.1.1omtiiai:u( a, view Of t. acOtive arts of the crater. Bedroiomts arc I:'l'c and l fledded to' suit the' gracing clIim atte. Kilauea Violent Whcrin the volcano aTis in crup)tiv(: ctindition,, as it his } een seVCtial times}t T w ithliil ti. l st It i ta. i t st t a.' ts tr e the si t h t f earth's i t iit 1 f nit io ' ' i t:ii, I t,h1 ni T i'e iman ies- f ( tation)s withil the crater tihen. K e sc. ti' ch Olaft t.lie iilrits )o s of the fortt.nate olise. 'rv'r will ri'ain i '.ivi a.s.on as h'is mindt retains anv reco rd of life's expieriencs. Lsu! l theLre is a sTock of carttitquatl e, tevar in, piaS tilets vi-leit, l eratld the rettirn of liquiid laxva intoi siel'"It vithin TlKc V, p t 1 Its rise tilterein is gradiual, but a i te i ded witih windro, u s1r tc nic dispai' s it iat often of only a few miniiutes, a fres tie t o, lte rc it ofI d(t

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