CENTENNIAL
OF- THE
BOSTON PIER, OR THE LONG
WHARF CORPORATION.








ENTENNIAL
OF THE
BOSTON  PIER, OR  TIlE  LONG
WHARF CORPORATION.
I 873.
CAMBRIDGE:
PRESS OF JOHN WILSON AND SON.
1873.




IN compliance with the request of many of the Proprietors,
that the proceedings of the Corporation's Celebration at the
Parker House, in Boston, on the I6th day of April, I873, should
be published and distributed to the Proprietors, the Committee
present this pamphlet.




CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION.
AT the annual meeting of the BOSTON PIER or
LONG WHARF CORPORATION, on the 9th of April,
I873, after the election of the following officers for
the year, viz.:-'
Presideni......  THOMAS LAMIB,
GEORGE WM. PHILLIPS,
SAMUEL H. RUSSELL,
Direclors......   NATHANIEL GODDARD,
CHARLES F. SHIMMIN,
LEMUEL SHAW,
Treasurer.....  LEMUEL SHAW,
Clerk.........           ANDREW C. FEARING, JR.
W.h/arTnfnger....... BAILEY LORING,
A committee, consisting of
THOMAS LAMB,         SAMUEL H. RUSSELL,
LEMUEL SHAW,         CHARLES F. SHIMMIN,
was appointed to make the needful arrangements for
a Centennial Celebration of the Proprietors.




CA RD OF INVITA TION.
The President and Directors of Boston Pier, or the
Long' Tharf, request the honor of
company at dinner at the Parker Hozse, A.pril I6th, at five
o'clock, to celebrate the One hundredth anniversary of the Corporation.
COMMITTEE.
THOMAS LAMB.                CHARLES F. SHIMMIN.
LEMUEL SHAW.                SAMUEL H. RUSSELL.
The committee beg the favor of an early reiply in writing,
addressed to
SAMUEL H. R USSELL,
13 Doane Street.




BILL OF FARE.
OYSTERS ON SHELL.
Chateau de Maille Sauterne.
IOup.
Green Turtle.              A la Julienne.
Club Pale Sherry.
Salmon, Hollandise Sauce.        Sandwich Trout,' Ia Maitre.
-Iockheimer Auslese.
3Kemabez.
Boiled Capons with Truffles, Cream Sauce.   Boiled Saddle of Virginia
Mutton. Roast Leg of Lamb, Mint Sauce. Roast Fillet
of Beef, Champignons.
Champagne.      Dry Sillery.     Veuve Cliquot.
CnttreeV.
Sweet Breads, with French Peas.   Pat& Chaud, a la Financiere.
Mutton Cutlets, Soubise Sauce.   Terrapin, h la Crame.
Galatine of Turkey.    Pat& de Foie Gras, au Gelee.
Roman Punch.
galrle
Canvas-Back Duck.         Brandt.         English Snipe.
Claret.   Pomys d'Estournel.   Chateau Mouton.
Souffles. Charlotte Russe. Wine Jellies. Biscuit Glace. Naples Ices.
Pistachio Meringues.
ROQUEFORT CHEESE, with QUEEN OLIVES.
Bananas.   Malaga Grapes.   Pears.   Oranges.   Prunes.
Almonds.  Walnuts.  Fruit Water Ices. Raisins.
Candied Fruits, Strawberries. Ice Creams.
COFFEE.
Sherry.   Imperial Amontillado.   Cabinet Pale.
CHARTERUS 1E.




6
Grace  having been  asked  by the  Rev. S. K.
LOTHROP, the company partook of the excellent
dinner.  After which, the President spoke as follows: -
REMARKS OF TIHOMAS LAMB.
GENTLEMEN,-We have met to-day in celebration of
the One Hundredth Anniversary of the incorporation of
the BOSTON PIER or LONG WHARF.
It is my privilege to make a few introductory remarks in
relation to this old proprietary, - really older than this declaration declares, for its inception was in the year I673
(about forty years after the purchase of the peninsular of
William Blackstone, for a town), and one hundred years
prior to its charter fi-om  the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. At that time the town of Boston conveyed our
locality to individual proprietors upon condition "of their
building a sea-wall suitable for the mounting of guns for
the defence of the town, and known as the'Barricado.'"
These proprietors, their heirs and assigns, obtained a
charter from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in I772,
the commencement of the Centennial which we are now
celebrating.
Our proprietary is thus, in fact, the oldest establishment
in our Commonwealth, aside from our municipalities and
Harvard College; and I believe the Scots Charitable Society, the Massachusetts Charitable Society, the Boston Marine
Society, and the Salem Marine Society are our only predecessors in Centennial Celebrations.
It is not my intention to enter into details of history or
incidents connected with this " Pier." They are well related
in the Histories of Boston, in reference to its early struggles with our mother country, both before and after our
Declarat on of Independence.




The original motive for the building of the "Pier"
by the proprietors was no doubt of a twofold character,
-that it would become remunerative as property, and that
it would be an important aid in protecting the property of
the town. This last inducement is apparent in the conditions connected  with the grants of the town to the
original proprietors.
I believe there never was occasion to fire any of the
Barricado guns against an enemy.  The British never
came within our harbor as an enemy (being here at the
time of the Revolution, they took their departure on the
invitation of Bunker Hill and Dorchester Heights), and
the Dutch thought the Yankees a little too lively for them
to fight.
The " Pier " was never more frequented by our citizens
than it was during the last war with England in I8I3.
Many of our naval ships were at the anchorage ground in
our harbor, and Long Wharf was the place for the landing
and departure of the officers and men. The desire to see
these heroes, who were almost worshipped as the gallant
defenders of their country's rights, kept the wharf filled
with our people anxiously excited.
The Long Wharf has been very much shortened within
the past thirty years, from the building on what was its
dock of the " United States Custom House," and the " State
Street block of stores;" and also from the building on its
north dock of a block of stores, under a sale and transfer
of it to the late Hon. Josiah Q$uincy.
These changes have been for the profit of the proprietors
as well as beneficial to the purchasers and ornamental to
our city. It is very desirable that the same course, having
reference to utility and good looks, should be continued by
our city's opening "Commerce Street," and allowing our
Corporation and others to cover their adjacent lands with




8
valuable  buildings.   I will offer the  following  sentiment: -
" May the Long Wharf Corporation continue to be prosperous, useful to
the public, and beneficial to our city."
The President announced the following sentiment: -
" Tize City of Boston. May it always retain its past and present character for patriotism, for industry, and for good government."
The response of his Honor the Mayor, H. L.
PIERCE, was in all respects worthy of him, and of
his approval of the sentiments to which he replied,
as well as to the occasion which he honored with his
presence. As there was no reporter present, his remarks cannot be given as they were uttered; and his
constant application to his arduous duties has prevented his favoring us with his recollection of them
for the purpose of this record.
The President then proposed the following sentiment:
" The President of the United States,"
which Nwas responded to by Collector Russell.
REMARKS OF HON. THOMAS RUSSELL.
MR. PRESIDENT, - I always respond to that sentiment
with pleasure; and it is especially pleasant to be here,
and witness the blossoming of this Century Plant of Boston.
it certainly has not been a Night-blooming Cereus at this
end of the table.  Any thing that has endured a hundred
years in America is a matter of interest.  I well recollect




9
that our friend Dr. Lothrop, at a dinner of the Ancient and
Honorable Artillery in Faneuil Hall, once fell into this
strain of remark, and with his usual fervid eloquence cried
out, " How have they endured these two hundred and
thirty years, what is it that keeps them together?" and an
impertinent voice answered, " Rum."
But this has not been the element of your success. It
was not with Dutch courage that your Barricado repelled
the Dutch. Not by new rum, but by the good old waters
of Boston Harbor, has your stock been floated (it never
was watered). Your chronicles are venerable, your profits
are respectable. But why, at a meeting of the proprietors
of Boston Pier, should I be called to speak for a man who
has no peer?
One thing we would all like to say to President Grant
just now. I should use about the same words that Father
Taylor used, when I was first appointed as Judge: "My
son," said he, "when you get hold of a sailor boardinghouse runner, do him justice before you show him mercy."
This was for the men who rob "poor Jack."  I would
apply it to Capt. Jack himself. If the matter were not
too serious, I would quote Mrs. Partington, who is reported
to have said that the Modoc claret ought to be tapped.
Yet there is no reason for decrying the " Indian policy"
of the last four years, - so much better than the " rye
and Indian" policy of past days (whiskey and cruelty).
There is no reason for turning Modocs ourselves; and, if
we had failed in trying a course of peace and justice, it
would be better than not to have tried at all.
We may well honor the President to-night as the friend
of commerce.  Here, among the successors of those who
thrust that long arm into the waters of our harbor to welcome and shelter the vessels from all shores, commerce is a
great name. And I love to recall the fact that the interests
2




IO
of our languishing commerce were remembered by the
President in his Inaugural Message, in his first Annual
Message, and again when the European war gave the
United States an opportunity. It is no fault of his that the
last Congress paid little heed to his advice. They had
business of their own to transact. And when that business
was finished, we saw them
"Fold their tents like the Arabs,
And silently steal away."
And now, when the ship-yards of Maine and Massachusetts
are once more beginning to be musical with the sound of
well-paid labor, - now that Commerce once more lifts her
head, - Congress has a right to the boast -
" Thou canst not say I did it."
All the more honor to the President, who born in one
Western State, and reared in another, and transplanted to
a third, yet cares for the interests of the East, and remembers the toilers by the sea. Honor to him, whose fame was
gained in war, but who never forgets the duties of Peace.
There is one bond of sympathy between the mercantile
community and such a man as General Grant. The soul
of commerce is integrity. And the staple of President
Grant's character is straightforward, simple truth. This
quality of his sometimes puzzles the politicians.  It is just
like him to appoint as Secretary of the Treasury a man
who never was in Congress, who never made a speech, and
whose only fitness for the office is that he is honest, that
he is industrious, and that he is master of that branch of
business. It takes some people six weeks to believe that
such a man is really in that office. It will take them six
months to learn that they can't drive him out.
Mercantile honesty, as we love to believe, is peculiarly
dear to the business men of Boston. Let me give you an
illustration. You have no idea of the exigencies of a col



lector's official life. I often think of the boatswain who
was reproved for swearing. And when he replied that he
often heard the officers swear, he was told that they only
swore in cases of emergency.  "But," said he, "a boatswain's life is a constant state of'mergency."  So it is
with the Collector of the Port. But the most emergent
case that I ever knew was that of a venerable merchant,
whom you all know, and who demanded that certain records
should be produced at once. For, he said, a former agent
had cheated him, and he believed he had cheated the government too.  lie had given this agent money to pay
duties on his importations seven years ago, and he feared
it had remained in the agent's pocket. The records were
found, and the facts appeared. Now, mark: the merchant
had parted with his money; seven years had elapsed;
the government had never heard of their loss, and probably
never would. But this honest man couldn't rest till he had
informed of himself, and paid every dollar of the debt.
We wanted just such men as mayors and citizens of Boston. So we annexed Dorchester, and with it we took
Marshall P. Wilder.
And General Grant, the persistent and the unconquerable, may well sympathize with commercial enterprise,with what we love to call, in our self-contented way, Boston enterprise. This municipal patriotism of ours, as I
have had occasion to say before, has its ludicrous side: we
will join the aliens of other cities in their laugh at our
expense now and then. But our pride has its grand side,
also. It is grand when it fronts calamity, and contracts for
new and more elegant warehouses, while the flames are
rioting among the ruins of the old, and scorns the idea that
any thing can long check the prosperity of our city. This
is the spirit that smiles at misfortune, and defies fate," And when the whole world turns to coal,
Then chiefly lives."




12
Commercial enterprise is sometimes pushed too far, even
here. At least, I judged so from some remarks of a colored brother at a recent prayer-meeting on "the hill."   I
had a dream the other night," said the exhorter, "a vision
in the night watches. I thought I saw a great ship wrecked
on the shore, with hundreds of passengers on board. And
every wave rolled over them. And then I saw Brother
HALE come to the shore with a life-preserver; and I said,'Bless the Lord, some of those poor souls will be saved!'
And he reached the ship, and leaped from the bulwarks,
and I saw him swimming to the shore, wit/z a bale of goods
under each arm, shouting,'I'm glad salvation's free."'
I make haste to say that such error is not a common
fault with Boston merchants. Their prompt humanity gives
to the service of the needy more than a tithe of the treasures won from the sea. Our people have been called
" close-fisted Yankees." And in the presence of the armed
enemies of their country they are indeed "close-fisted;"
but, when charity appeals to them, their hands are open
as the day. Integrity, enterprise, humanity: may these be
the landmarks of old Boston so long as the tide ebbs and
flows in her harbor.
The President offered the following sentiment: -
"Our Harbor: Nature's best endowment to our city."
The Hon. Josiah Quincy was called upon.
REMARKS OF HON. JOSIAH QUINCY.
MR. PRESIDENT, - I feel highly honored at being invited to celebrate with you the two hundredth anniversary
of one of the oldest military works, and the hundredth of
the incorporation of one of the oldest harbor improvements
in our land. The changes of two hundred years in the




13
civil, political, military, and economic relations of our land
would require volumes to record them. In I673 Charles
the Second was on the throne, the stipendiary and the vassal
of the French monarch. At his bidding, he had involved
England in war with Holland.  Like the third Napoleon,
he was unprepared. His flatterers and his courtesans had
appropriated the money intended for the navy to their own
indulgences; the cannon of De Ruyter and Van Tromp were
heard within the walls of London; and the smoking remains of the fleet at Chatham made the trembling Royalists
wish again for the head and the arm of Oliver Cromwell,
the greatest sovereign who ever ruled over Great Britain.
On this side of the water a few thousand of his Puritan followers were located on these shores. With the spirit of the
old Roundheads, they prepared to ward off the power that
had alarmed London and recaptured New York. They
were a mercantile people, their wealth consisted in small
vessels.  To protect these, they erected the Barricado.
This was far within the low-water line, but was in sufficient
depth at high tide to enable their little vessels to retire behind it in case of danger, and placed upon it cannon to
protect them. Either their insignificance or their warlike
preparation prevented an attack, and the Barricado rotted
away, leaving, within the recollection of some, island
wharves, one of which became part of what a century after
was incorporated as the Boston Pier or Long Wharf. In
I773 a great change had taken place; and the eighteen
thousand inhabitants of the town suffered, not from fear of
the Dutch, but under the tyranny of England. During that
year the Hutchinson letters were returned, the tea was
thrown overboard, and other acts performed that led to the
closing of Boston Harbor by the Port Bill, and ultimately
to the Revolution. It was the day of small things. John
Adams, in his Journal, speaks of the wealth of a Mr. Pem



I4
berton, who entertained his friends handsomely twice a
week on an income of two hundred pounds, or about one
thousand dollars a year. You, Mr. President, could not
furnish such an entertainment as we see before us once
a week during the year for twice the amount.
So much concerning the past. In locating the Barricado, our fathers built wiser than they knew.  An amicable rivalry has always existed between our city and our
prosperous neighbor, ever since the time when, according
to their great historian, Diedricht Knickerbocker, the
Yanokies had pushed their onion patches so near them that
the eyes of the Dutchmen filled with tears whenever they
looked towards New England.  Having the advantage of
their noble river, which for two centuries was almost the
only adequate means of transportation between the seacoast and the interior, they far exceeded us and became the
acknowledged emporium of the continent. Steam and the
railroad have caused a great change in our relations. For
thirty years railroads, radiating in every direction, poured
thousands of passengers into the city, but not one of them
reached deep water. The moment that that was done,
commerce revived, and Boston entered on a career of
prosperity that left but little to be desired. One essential
of that prosperity was, that all the railroads terminating on
the different sides of the city should have a wide avenue
connecting them with one another and all the wharves in
the city. And the line of the Barricado became the Atlantic Avenue. And I will conclude by wishing that one
of the earliest defences and the first great improvement
in Boston Harbor may for two hundred years more conduce to the safety and prosperity of the city and the
wealth of their proprietors.




I5
The President read the following sentiment: -
" The Massachztsetts Historical Society: Venerable for its age, and
highly interesting for its records of the learned and distinguished men
of our community in the past and in the present."
The I-Ion. George S. Hillard was called on to
respond.
REMARKS OF HON. GEORGE S. HILLARD.
When I look around me, Mr. President, and see what
members of the Massachusetts Historical Society are here,
I am reminded by your calling on me of what was said
by the mother of Brasidas, when her son was praised, —
"Sparta has many a worthier son than he."
But I thank you for giving me the privilege of being here
to-night, at the Centennial Anniversary of your Corporation.
I feel an interest in any thing which has lasted a hundred
years. I am glad that I live in a city which has chords
of feeling and sympathy stretching back over a hundred
years; for I believe in the "strength of backward-looking
thoughts." It was not my privilege to be born in Boston,
but I was early grafted upon that trunk and had the benefit
of its vigorous sap. I have lived here over fifty years, and
thus have the right to celebrate my golden wedding with
Boston.
Not that Boston is so very old a place when compared
with the age of the world; but the sentiment of antiquity
is one thing, and the fact of antiquity is another.  My friend
on my right (Mr. Quincy) tells me that his daughter now
lives in a South American city which was founded before
most of the Pilgrim Fatliers were born. I remember reading an anecdote of a young American in Florence, who
was showing his Italian teacher a scrap from an American
newspaper, headed "American Antiquities," and telling of




something that had been dug up at Plymouth which bore
the date of I645; and his teacher, with a smile, told him
that every house he could see from his window had been
built more than a hundred years before that time.
But the life of the individual man is not to be measured
by the number of years carved upon his tombstone, but by
the amount of his thoughts, his deeds, his emotions. And it
is the same with communities and nations. When we compare our country as it is to-day with what it was a hundred
years ago, -when we compare the Boston of to-day with
the Boston of I773, and measure the prodigious progress
that has been made, - the earlier period seems very remote,
and all the moral effect of antiquity is secured to us.
The people of Boston, and the people of Massachusetts
generally, have a strong feeling of local attachment, and
are proud of their peculiar possessions and privileges. We
are all, for instance, very proud of Plymouth Rock, - we
talk and write a good deal about it. The mention of it
always strikes a sympathetic and responsive chord in our
breasts. There may be a touch of weakness in this. The
weakness and the strength of human nature are sometimes
strongly interwoven. Certainly it presents to a jeering and
mocking spirit a ludicrous aspect, and the opportunity has
not been lost. But let us not give it up, - not one jot or
tittle of it. From this source- call it weakness or call it
strength - comes the power which meets with a calm front
the flames of the stake and the blazing lines of battle.
There were two men in the latter half of the last century,
born at an interval of about eleven years apart, in different countries, and reared under different conditions and influences, and putting forth their powers in different directions, who were, however, much alike in this feeling of
strong local attachment; and these were Walter Scott and
Daniel Webster. I suppose no one has ever visited Abbots



'7
ford and the neighboring country without a feeling of disappointment at the tameness of the landscape around it,
and the absence of any thing like either grandeur or beauty.
And yet Scott loved that region with a strong and passionate love. So the region around the place of Mr. Webster's
birth is not very beautiful or striking, and yet Mr. Webster
was attached to it by ties which grew stronger as he grew
older.
This element of strong local attachment colored the lives
and minds of both these men. I need not say to you what
a charm it gives to the writings of Scott, and you will find
a similar grace in many of Mr. Webster's private letters.
And certainly no one would esteem it a weakness in either
of them.
I am reminded on this occasion of one from my relatives,
to whom, being his kinsman and legal representative, I
suppose I have the pleasure of being here to-night. I mean
the late James Savage: how he would have enjoyed this
gathering! He was a loving son of Boston, and his heart
warmed to every thing that belonged to her; and he was
one to whom the past history of Boston was full of interest.
The very east winds that blew here found favor in his eyes,
for they were a Boston institution. I said how he would
have delighted in being here with us this evening; but if
it be permitted to spirits that have passed into higher and
purer regions to retain the interests and affections of this
lower sphere, - if emotions born of earth can be transmitted to heaven, —we may be sure that he is here in
spirit, and sharing in the feelings of this hour and this
place.
I am sure you will permit me to offer as a sentiment, -
"The Memory of James Savage."
3




18
The President proposed the following sentiment: -
"The Poetry of Boston Pier: Good dividends."
Dr. 0. W. Holmes was called upon to confirm this
sentiment.
REMARKS OF DR. O. W. HOLMES.
I have occasionally been invited, Mr. President, to appear
at a banquet where I had reason to suspect I was counted
on for a few verses, or something of that nature, to justify
a committee for sending me an invitation. But to-night, I
am happy to say, I am here in my own right as a proprietor of Boston Pier. I am present as a host, and not as a
guest.
My inheritance in that venerable piece of property comes
to me from two generations certainly, probably from three.
We have all heard, and we have been this evening reminded, how our late honored co-proprietor, Mr. James
Savage, looked upon his Long Wharf property, and of the
special disposition he made of it in his will. It may not
be out of place for me to mention that my own grandfather,
whose name I bear, and who died in i8i8, also made a
particular and exceptional bequest -of his Long Wharf property. It had probably come to him from his father, Colonel
Jacob Wendell, and he considered it an heirloom, to be
carefully cherished, like the "Luck of Edenhall;" a nestegg, not to be made a commercial omelet of; a possession
not to be parted with, short of the grave or the almshouse.
I have another association, not without its interest to
myself, with this old possession of a fraction of Boston
Pier.
When I was a boy, living in the remote village of Cambridge, maintaining its intercourse with the town of Boston,




I9
then a place of some forty thousand inhabitants, by a stagecoach running twice a day, my father used to bring home
accounts of a certain festival he was in the habit of attending; namely, the Annual Dinner of the Proprietors of Long
Wharf.
These dinners were given, if I remember right, at the
Exchange Coffee House, and probably were such as did
credit to the establishment, for it was a point to have the
first salmon of the season on the table; and the accounts
brought back from them excited not a little my boyish
admiration and appetite.
It gives me great pleasure, you may well suppose, Mr.
President and gentlemen, to be here this evening, and to
see two sons of mine at the other end of the table. I hope
they will succeed their father and their grand and greatgrand  and  great-great-grand  parents, as owners of an
interest in this fraction of our globe, which was not
formed when " heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in
them is," were called out of chaos, but which, compared to
the new land on which they and I live, might almost be
called antediluvian.
And now for the inevitable manuscript to which these few
remarks are the prelude:Dear friends, we are strangers; we never before
Have suspected what love to each other we bore;
But each of us all to his neighbor is dear,
Whose heart has a throb for our time-honored pier.
As I look on each brother proprietor's face,
I could open my arms in a loving embrace;
What wonder that feelings, undreamed of so long,
Should burst all at once in a blossom of song?
While I turn my fond glance on the monarch of piers,
Whose throne has stood firm through his eight score of years,
My thought travels backward, and reaches the day
When they drove the first pile on the edge of the bay.




20
See! The joiner, the shipwright, the smith from his forge,
The red-coat, who shoulders his gun for King George,
The shopman, the'prentice, the boys from the lane,
The parson, the doctor, with gold-headed cane,
Come trooping down King Street, where now may be seen
The pulleys and ropes of a mighty machine;
The weight rises slowly; it drops with a thud;
And, lo! the great timber sinks deep in the mud!
They are gone, the stout craftsmen that hammered the piles,
And the square-toed old boys in the three-cornered tiles;
The breeches, the buckles, have faded from view,
And the parson's white wig and the ribbon-tied queue.
The red-coats have vanished; the last grenadier
Stepped into the boat from the end of our pier;
They found that our hills were not easy to climb,
And the order came, " Counter-march, double-quick time!"
They are gone, friend and foe, - anchored fast at the pier,
Whence no vessel brings back its pale passengers here;
But their wharf, like a lily, still floats on the flood,
Its breast in the sunshine, its roots in the mud.
Who - who that has loved it so long and so well -
The flower of his birthright would barter or sell?
No: pride of the bay, while its ripples shall run,
You shall pass, as an heirloom, from father to son!
Let me part with the acres my grandfather bought,
With the bonds that my uncle's kind legacy brought,
With my bank-shares, - old Union, whose ten per cent stock
Stands stiff through the storms as the Eddystone rock;
With my rights (or my wrongs) in the Erie, - alas!
With my claims on the mournful and Mutual Mass.;
With my Phil. Wil. and Balt., with my C. B. and Q.;
But I never, no never, will sell out of you.
We drink to thy past and thy future to-day,
Strong right arm of Boston, stretched out o'er the bay.
May the winds waft the wealth of all nations to thee,
And thy dividends flow like the waves of the sea!




21 I
The President proposed the following sentiment: -
"The Great Cities of the West. Not rivals, but co-workers. We
are brought nearer every day by the bonds of sympathy and common
interests."
The Rev. Dr. Eliot, of St. Louis, who was obliged
to leave the company before the speaking commenced,
left the following response to this sentiment: —
REMARKS OF REV. DR. ELIOT.
It may seem presumptuous for me, who am only a clergyman and teacher, to respond to a sentiment which ought to
be answered by a merchant or business man. But fortunately I was elected, a few weeks ago, an honorary member of the St. Louis Merchants' Exchange, so that you may
fairly admit me, for a half hour at least, as one of your
honored and honorable body.
When I went westward, thirty-eight years ago, there were
no " great cities of the West; " but, among those which are
now great, St. Louis was the least, -Pittsburg, Buffalo,
Detroit, Louisville, Cincinnati, and St. Louis.
I do not name Chicago, for at that time Chicago was not.
It was a sort of cross between an Indian fort and a mudpuddle. Now, rising with indomitable energy, a literal
Phcenix from the fire, it is becoming one of the most beautiful cities of the world, and contains 400,000 inhabitants.
Among the rest, St. Louis was the smallest, least known,
and most insignificant. In 1830 it contained 5,840 people,
and has doubled every seven years from that time to this.
In I864 it had I65,000; in I870, 3I3,00o; and in the present month, by census just closed, it numbers 428,000.
Thirty-eight years ago, we imported from Eastern States
our bacon and flour and furniture and every thing else.
Now Missouri stands, by United States census of I870, the




22
fifth manufacturing State; and St. Louis is the third manufacturing city, ranking Boston itself in this great interest,
New York city and Philadelphia alone standing before us.
Yet our manufactories are all new, our resources are not
half developed, our race scarcely begun. With I5,ooo
miles of river communication, and direct, continuous railroad connection already established, with St. Paul and
Omaha, and Denver City and Cheyenne, and San Francisco, with Galveston and New Orleans and Mobile and
all the great Eastern cities to -the extreme " Down-East,"
we expect and promise to do more in the future than in the
past.
By what agency and by whose help?  We may sometimes say by our own right hands, and as the result of
our unequalled natural advantages.  But we may trace
no small part of our progress to New England energy, to
Yankee immigration, and to the commercial enterprise of
Boston merchants.
All social interests depend upon industry and education,
and in these we have ever looked to the example and
inspiration of the old Bay State.
About thirty-five years ago our Board of Public Schools
sent a committee to select a dozen Yankee teachers from
this neighborhood, and that was the proper beginning of
our Public School system there, of which I can truly say
that, if in thoroughness and efficiency it is second to that
of any other city, it is only to that of Boston. It is my firm
belief that it was by the public schools of St. Louis, by
their influence of twenty-five years, that St. Louis and Missouri were saved to the Union when the great struggle
came.
We are still striving to emulate Boston in this great work;
and, to keep the parallel good, are laboring to establish our
Harvard University there, - that is, a University which may




23
do for the Valley of the Mississippi what Harvard has done
and is doing for you here.
What Harvard has done and is doing! Gentlemen, do
you know, do you understand, do you fully appreciate
what that is? What Harvard is doing for Boston, for New
England, for the United States! Sometimes you must go
to a distance to see things in their true proportions, and at
1,200 miles I think we may see them more truly than you
can see them here. I know you are proud of Harvard.
It bears a merchant's name and has been reared by merchants' gifts, and no man dies with honor who does not
remember Harvard in his will. Yet I venture to say that
not half the truth is known, and you do not reckon the debt
due to Harvard at one-half its real amount. If you did,
the year would not pass without its prosperity and working
strength being doubled! Not $200,000 to make up the remaining losses from the Boston fire, but two millions, would
find its willing and welcome way there, to make Harvard
University what it ought to be, the mother of colleges and
the educator of the nation.
With unequal steps, we in St. Louis are striving to do
some university work. We, too, look to the merchants to
build us up, and to the manufacturers who, with us, belong
substantially to the same class. Education is the great
bond of union and the basis of national prosperity. It is
an expensive attainment, and the cost of it comes from the
merchants' purse; but, gentlemen, whether you consider it
in a moral, intellectual, social, or financial point of view,
there is no other investment that pays half as well.
The President remarked: We have with us Doctors
of Divinity, Doctors of Law, and Doctors of Medicine, from all of whom we take advice.  I propose -
"The Professions."
The Rev. Dr. Lothrop will respond.




24
REMARKS OF REV. DR. LOTHROP.
MR. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN, -I am taken by surprise. I had agreed to speak for my friend, the learned
judge on my left, in case he should be called up; and I
think it highly probable that, under the inspiration of speaking for him, I might have made a very good speech. But,
called up and constrained to speak for myself as a Doctor
of Divinity, I am doubtful about the result. However, sir,
I thank you for your complimentary allusion to the D.D.'s,
and I thank you and your colleagues for the kind invitation
which has given me the pleasure of being present at this
interesting anniversary. Any thing that survives for a century, and holds its own, and keeps its place amid all the
changes of earth and time that a century brings with it,
shows that it has a right to be, and becomes an object of
earnest interest; and so this venerable Corporation of the
Boston Pier or Long Wharf, first chartered under the
Colonial Government, older than our present august and
gigantic nationality, full of years, and of a usefulness and
success greater even than its years, - this Corporation may
rightfully give emphasis to its one hundredth birthday, and
from this eminence or vantagce-point in its career look back
upon the past with grateful satisfaction, and forward into
the future with encouragement, resolution, and hope.
Mr. President, I share in the sympathy and interest
awakened by the historic associations and memories connected with this Corporation, to which allusion has been
made; and were the outer end of the Boston Pier or Long
Wharf a sentient, thinking being, capable of speech, I
should like to put a few questions, have a little conversation
with her. I should like to ask her how she felt in the days
of her infancy, when she found herself far out there on the
borders of the harbor channel formed by the Mystic and




25
Charles Rivers, and seemed to the short quays and wharves
around to intimate an intention of walking over to one of
the islands, or, if possible, of stretching down below the
lighthouse. I would like to ask her whether, shortly
after she assumed her station, she felt her majesty insulted,
or shared in the general joy, when she looked back over
her right shoulder and saw the Boston Tea-Party at Griffin's, now Liverpool Wharf, converting the harbor into a
gigantic teapot, of whose contents however no one would
partake. I would like to ask her how she felt when the
troops destined to attack the American redoubt on Bunker's
Hill embarked in boats from  her side, and whether the
roar of that conflict was music to her ear; and whether she
was glad or sullen, a few months after, when the breastworks on Dorchester Heights loomed up before her in the
morning light, and soon she saw the British Lion slink
away before the flag of the American Union, and the British ships depart, carrying with them the British soldiers and
such of the Tory citizens as chose to go with them. Again,
I would like to ask her how she felt some thirty years after
this when the embargo left the ships rotting at her sides,
and she seemed a sort of useless piece of furniture for a
commerce paralyzed or destroyed; and, further, I should
like to inquire whether she did not feel a little proud some
ten or fifteen years after the embargo and the war of I8I2,
when her old mother, Boston, became prominent in the East
India trade and that of our North-west coast, and monster
ships, as they were then thought, of three or four hundred
tons' burden, landed at her sides noble cargoes of Canton
silks and teas, or thousands of hides to serve as the basis
of that largest and most productive of Massachusetts manufactures, the boot and shoe trade. And I would like to
know, also, how she felt - whether she was most stunned,
or frightened, or disgusted - when the negro, Read, steward
4




26
of the Canton packet, owned by J. & T. H. Perkins, and
then in the stream nearly ready to sail, -mad because he was
left in charge of the ship, and not permitted to go ashore
and participate in the saturnalia of the artillery election,blew it up with two casks of powder that were on board,
scattering large portions of the cargo on the waters, and
sending his own dismembered body no one ever precisely
ascertaining where.
Again, I would like to ascertain her emotions when, some
thirty-three years ago, she saw the first Trans-Atlantic steamship come snorting up the harbor against wind and tide;
and whether it was a mortification or relief to her to see
that noble steamer, instead of coming straight to her outstretched arm, turn aside to a grand and goodly dock prepared for her at East Boston, or Noddles Island as her
infant vocabulary would have called it. Further, I would
like to know whether she was not a little bit angry, seeing
nothing like it had ever been done for her, when about
I844 or I845, the harbor being one mass of ice down to the
Castle and a little beyond, a thousand men were employed,
and in forty-eight or sixty hours a sufficiently broad and
noble channel was cut through the ice, that one of those
steamships might depart on time, and bear across the Atlantic and publish to the world this testimony to the commercial energy and enterprise of Boston. Again, as she
remembers that in the days of her infancy State Street was
the head of Long Wharf, and recollects probably the late
Mr. De Grand's exultant exclamation when the first railroad
west reached the heart of the Commonwealth, - viz.,
"that Worcester was now the head of Long Wharf," - I
should like to ask her how she feels now, when she has
half a dozen heads, - Ogdensburgh, Chicago, St. Louis,
Omaha, and San Francisco, - and finds that some of the
silks and the teas, and the various merchandise that used to




27
come to her by ships from the East, is now brought to her
by railroads from the West; and the traffic in this direction,
large now, is to be largely increased so soon as the Hoosac
Tunnel, through which we can almost see, is completed.
These are some of the questions I would like to put
to that excellent old lady, Long Wharf, if she could only
think and feel and speak. Shze cannot; but you, sir, and
your associates and the records of this Corporation, can
speak for her; the century itself can speak for her, and
with all its mingled incidents tell of a wonderful and glorious progress, and present that progress, the changes of
the past and the conditions of the present, as the indications of a future equally wonderful and glorious in the advancement to be made. I know, sir, that we are rather
short-sighted creatures, that we cannot see far ahead. The
fable of the frogs finds some fulfilment in us. They determined to find out what lay beyond the high hill that bounded
their valley, and so they toiled up, hopping and panting
all the way; and when they got to the top, they stretched
themselves up tiptoe on their hind legs, to see as much as
they could, but having eyes only in the back of their heads
they could see only the valley and the landscape over which
they had travelled. It is something so with us. What is
behind us, the past, is the only thing certain and clear.
Yet there is force in Patrick Henry's famous words, " I
know of no way of judging of the future but by the past;"
and, so judging, do we not feel that there is a glorious and
progressive future before our city? If we take a copy of
Bouner's map, and look at this little peninsula and its
surroundings as printed on that; or go back to Winthrop's
time, or beyond that, to the days when the Indian roamed
unmolested, and his canoe was the only bark upon the
waters of our bay, and then from some commanding height
look down upon our present thronged city, upon its wharves,




28
ships, warehouses, and railroad depots, its churches, schools,
hospitals, asylums, and varied institutions for the culture of
art and science; and if we cast our eyes upon the surrounding panorama of hills, and see them also crowned with
schools, churches, comfortable dwellings, and a rich culture, - do we not feel that it presents a scene which Nature
made beautiful at first, and which man has not marred, but
made more beautiful and glorious by what he has introduced? And if we will but remember that the end of all
this energy, enterprise, and material progress is not simply
that we get rich and live luxuriously in costly houses, with
gorgeous furniture and splendid equipages, but character,
- such development of the faculties of an intellectual,
moral, and religious nature, as shall make us useful and
honorable here, and fit us for glory, honor, and immortality
hereafter, - if we will but remember this, and adhere to it
as the great end to be aimed at, is it not clear that, with all
its increased facilities, our dear old city of Boston has a
glorious future before it, and is destined to grow in wealth
and population, in commercial, social, and moral power?
Permit me in closing to give this sentiment.
c" Boston: Let it adhere to the public spirit, energy, enterprise, the principles of integrity and religious faith that have hitherto marked it, and it
must become a city great and glorious, a city set on a hill that cannot
be hid."
The President proposed:" The Merchanz: The promoter of industry and of progress."
The Hon. Alpheus Hardy was called on to respond.
REMARKS OF HON. ALPHEUS HARDY.
MR. PRESIDENT, -I have no speech to make.  Having
been for the most of the past forty-eight hours in the cars,
and having arrived in this city too late even to meet you at




29
the beginning of this feast, I am unable suitably to respond
to this toast, "The Merchants."
While I have no interest in the gold-tipped shares of
Long Wharf Corporation, I have very distinct and vivid
recollections of the wharf, dating back now forty-six years,
when my youthful feet walked up that pier, then to me
miles long. I well remember that long dock, lined with
vessels, the New York packets' crossing jib-booms afloat
where the Custom House now stands; the old firms, then
the active business men of the times, whose names are interwoven in the history and prosperity of Boston. When
I came to this city, City Wharf was a depot of oyster-shells,
and all north of it inferior pile piers used mainly for lumber. Since then, all the noble stores north of Long Wharf
have been erected; but, of them all, there are none, nor is
there in this or any other city in the world, a block so noble
and well adapted to heavy business purposes as the "State
Street Block," built in part upon the Long Wharf property.
In selling the lots, this Corporation got the best of the
bargain: the buyers got all they bought, and it was good;
but they paid the full value, and made only a moderate
investment. But, for all that, we are proud to have been
associated with you, Mr. President, in the erection of a
block of stores which are an ornament to our city, unequalled in their style, just proportions, and adaptation to
general business. It was my privilege to suggest the name,
"State Street Block."  The history of Long Wharf is
identified with the business history of Boston, -a history
yet to be written, but one containing a record of a line of
men as noble, as honest, as benevolent, as charitable, as
Christian as any merchants of which any city can boast.
Bright as is her past, Boston has a brighter future. The
Tunnel completed, our railroads enlarged, our imports and
exports must increase; and now that coal and labor have




30
advanced in England, so as to bring the cost of Englishbuilt ships near that of ours, we shall soon listen to the
music of the hammer and the axe in our ship-yards. To
speak of individual merchants, - of their peculiarities, heroism, magnanimity, and enterprise, -would lead me into
a speech; and I close, thanking you, Mr. President, for
the pleasure you have afforded me this evening, and wishing the Long Wharf Corporation in the future that success
which has attended it in the past.
The President proposed the following toast:" The Historians of Boston,"
and called on the Hon. N. B. Shurtleff to respond to it.
REMARKS OF THE HON. N. B. SHURTLEFF.
MR. PRESIDENT, - I thank you for your kindness in
inviting me to be present with the Proprietors of Boston
Pier, or, as the structure which you represent is more
commonly called by Bostonians, the Long Wharf. You
name this a Centennial Celebration, because your charter
was approved by Governor Hutchinson about one hundred
years ago, on the I4th of July, I772; yet I think you have
a good right to call it a Bi-Centennial Celebration, for the
old Barricado, which extended formerly from North Battery Wharf to the old sconce near Battery March Street,
and which may fairly be considered as the origin of the
Pier, was undertaken in the fall of I673, just two hundred
years ago. It mray not be out of place, on this occasion,
to mention that this curious construction of our fathers was
about twenty-two hundred feet long, between the points
above-mentioned, and passed over the position in the
harbor of the old island wharves, so well remembered by
elderly people, and the famous T, which of late years has




3 I
so largely extended its borders. Although this structure
was built by a company of forty-one persons, each individually building his portion of it, nevertheless it was substantial and uniform, being about fifteen feet in height and
twenty in breadth at top, and of sufficient strength to support heavy guns, and to serve as a breast-work in case of
inimical harbor attacks. In the olden time, it served very
well for the purpose of a dock, large openings having been
left for the passage of vessels.  The present Atlantic
Avenue, the resolve and order for the laying out of which
were approved by the Mayor on the I8th of December,
i868, marks the site of the old Barricado, which, in course
of time, became useless, as neither the Dutch nor other hostile vessels ever dared to molest Boston before the days of
the American Revolution, and gradually fell into decay,
and was removed.
It is pleasant to be here in this company, as the original
Proprietors of the Pier are largely represented by their
descendants to-day. The old merchants of Boston are here
personified by many who bear their names, follow their
pursuits, and honor their memories. I think I can point
out some through whose veins flows the blood of the excellent Major-General John Leverett, who built the first
batteries and afterwards served the colony so well as Governor.  There are descendants here of Captain Oliver
Noyes, who was foremost in building the Long Wharf; of
Andrew Oliver, who procured the act of incorporation; and
of the Clarkes, Minots, and Brimmers, who owned the T.
These all now enjoy the results of the forethought, energy,
and public spirit of their renowned ancestry, - the sterling,
thrifty, and industrious old merchants of the olden time of
our metropolis.
The building of the Long Wharf was one of the grandest
undertakings and achievements of its day. It was in by



32
gone days one of the most distinguishing features of our
ancient peninsula. Topographers and tourists speak of it
with admiration and astonishment, and describe it with
praise as a work to be wondered at in a settlement so young
as was ours when it was accomplished. On all our old
maps it makes a prominent appearance. Its long rows of
substantial and useful buildings, and its wharf privileges,
gave to our town a convenience and prestige for business
that made it for many years the great commercial metropolis of the New World.
What, Mr. President, would the people of our ancient
days —our own venerated ancestors- think of the thrift
and energy of the present generation? Would they believe,
sir, if they could look down upon us now and see, as we do,
the advances we have made in improving their old territory,
how we have reclaimed from the waters nearly half of
our present habitable territory? Would they recognize the
old town, the old pier, and the old streets? I think not.
They knew nothing of the great central region of our
country, nor of the great Pacific West. They did not
dream that their Wharf was within the time of a few generations to be the terminal wharf of the long stretch between Boston and San Francisco, the eastern limit of the
great iron chain that binds the Atlantic to the Pacific, and
nearly half surrounds the habitable world. And yet, sir,
the time may not be far distant when greater changes may
come over our beloved city. We may yet see your own
sanguine and reasonable hopes realized, and our whole
inner harbor converted into a noble dock for our shipping;.
our neighboring towns united in a common destiny with
our city, and extending their borders eastward until they
nearly meet over the water, as a grander Barricado than
that of our fathers; and our own grand old Boston Pier
extending itself miles eastward to increase the facilities for




33
business, not only for our own city, but for our great and
free country.
The last speaker of the evening was H. WELD
FULLER, Esq., who said:MR. PRESIDENT, - I am not on the programme; and I
had no intention of saying any thing to-night. But, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour and the delightful
utterances of others, always welcome and distinguished, I
beg leave to add a word. Passing over the "Field" after
the exhilarating " Snow " storm raised by our worthy collector, and the engagement of our "flIoZlnes," I cannot,
as a mere gleaner, find much to bring you. Nothing is
probably expected. But, sir, the spirit of the occasion
cannot be corked up, and it must break the silence I had
intended to keep.
In your excellent opening remarks, Mr. President, you
traced back the inception of our venerable structure to the
year 1673; and we might well have called this the second
instead of the first centennial, for its origin, uses, and
changes have long been a part of our national history.
Originally, Boston Harbor was known as the "Cove."
From the foot of " Fleet Street " (next to Scarlett's Wharf,
near Copp's Hill) at the north, to the South Battery, near
Fort Hill, at the south, the inward sweep was almost a
semi-circle; and firom the middle of the arch the Boston
Pier struck out as a radius upon the flats. In the Dutch
and French wars, this wharf and the North and South
Batteries were deemed essential points for the'defence of
the shipping and the protection of the town. On an old
map the British flag is drawn flying from these three
extremities! Two "barricados" were early made from
the wharf towards the Batteries, one on either side; but




34
these were many feet nearer the shore than those last
erected.  In  October, I708, the "Great and General
Court of Massachusetts," held at Boston, appointed the
selectmen of Boston a committee to consider what measures were necessary to repair "the wall" or " out wharf"
before " the cove in Boston,"' and to cause a new survey to
be made of the flats and the "circular line to be staked
out." Pursuant to this order, a new survey and plan was
made soon afterwards by Jacob Sheafe, surveyor, and the
"circular line " is thereon laid down in a broad red line.
The old barricados or " outer walls " were fully drawn
upon this map; and several hundred feet beyond them two
new barricados (one north and the other south of Long
Wharf) are laid down as new "barricados proposed" to
be built. This map, as copied by Mr. Francis Jackson,
may now be found at the rooms of the Historic Genealogical Society of our city. The plan is finely drawn and
was highly satisfactory, and the town voted to build as
proposed, and to accept the proposal of Oliver Noyes and
his associates for its construction. The work was done and
completed in I709 and I 7 Io; and, as Mr. Quincy has stated
here, the general direction of these last-named barricados
was nearly the same as our new Atlantic Avenue. Long
Wharf and King Street (now State Street) had the same
position in regard to the semi-circular cove and the barricados as the arrow  has to a half-strained bow!  This
wharf was a great work for the times. Abbe Robbin,
writing in I78I, describes Long Wharf as a "superb
wharf, wide enough for stores, and about two thousand
feet long."
The old surveyor, Bouner, on his map of I722, represents Long Wharf with buildings far down towards the
water. And Price, on his map of I743, represents the end
of it as fortified i




35
We can imagine what must have been the commerce of
the country in I709, when we know that in the contract for
the construction of the last barricado it was provided that
the spaces for the admission of vessels should be sixteen
feet in width!
Nor can it be strictly said that Long Wharf was always
useless as a battery; for history declares that from this
wharf was fired the shot which penetrated the upper works
of Commodore Bank's ship, and induced him to make off
with his fleet, he blowing up the lighthouse as he went!
This good old structure has not only protected and borne
up goods and treasures of vast amount, but it has been
often trodden by illustrious feet. Here it was that Governor
Shirley, in I745, after the reduction of Louisburg, made
his brilliant entry; and here it was that General Thomas
Gage landed in May, I774, with all the pomp and circumstance of a great chieftain, with gay troops and guards of
honor. And it was from here that the fifth and thirty-eighth
British regiments embarked for Breed's Hill, - many of
them never to return.
It was off this wharf in the stream that Collingwood,
afterwards so famous under Nelson, anchored and gave
his orders. To this day every great procession and every
gorgeous display must pass up State Street. And the place
where of yore this outgrowth commenced, near to the old
Cradle of Liberty, is still the favorite place of interest and
observation.
But how the scene has changed! ay, almost within the
lifetime of some who hear me! Within the last seventyfive years, large vessels have been built and launched
where the discarded Custom House now stands, on Custom
House Street! And within less than half that time the
water has flowed across Boston Neck. The few original




36
acres of Old Boston have been doubled by accretion; and,
notwithstanding her repeated and direful disasters, she has
advanced and is advancing greatly. True it is that she
has just met with a terrible calamity. The " Great Fire"
may have swept away eighty millions of her property; but,
thank God, it has not taken away, and cannot take away,
any of the pluck or brains or honor of the city.  When she
finds enough of her own loaves and fishes left for her poor
and needy, she returns with hearty thanks the sums contributed by her distant friends, and adds interest for the
keeping! Where will you find a parallel for this?  I am
proud of this self-reliance, and of the city which declines
to feed on others, while she has enough for her family at
home. I know, Mr. President, it is in bad taste to trumpet
our own praises, but, sir, I (like my honored firiend Hillard) am only a graft from the Pine Tree State, and feel
that we have a right to speak well of our benefactors.
As I was born before the separation of Maine from Massachusetts, I feel that I have a title to a share of the honors
which belong to any part of the old Commonwealth.  Boston is a power throughout the land, and such she has ever
been.  She from  the first has been the sentinel of freedom. She has stood upon the watch-towers and sounded
the alarm and rallied the hosts.  Her patriots have lighted
the fires, and her statesmen have held up the torches of
liberty and pioneered the way.  Her capital and counsels
have penetrated the whole West and the Southern States.
She is to-day the mainspring of many of the great enterprises which are developing the country.  Nor is there any
thing to fear for the future. The grass will not grow
upon her wharves nor her business wane. These great
iron rivers which are running out and radiating through the
land are constantly bringing to the seaboard the great




37
products of the West, and taking in return the fruits of
commerce. Soon the great Hoosac Mountain will be tunnelled; and then we may see, what we have long desired,
an export trade, which shall make a fit return for our
imports. This has been the great deszeraltunz, and its
accomplishment is near. The " Great Fire" cannot delay
this, and the preparation for it is going rapidly forward.
The Lowell Railroad Company have already driven piles
and laid their road for hundreds of feet from their old track
to the deep water near the Navy Yard, and are filling an
immense area for elevators, storehouses, and commercial
accommodations. And by the time when the tunnel shall
be opened they will be fully equipped for the emergency.
The future of Boston is apparent now. She need feel no
distrust. If she has just now had a " Great Fire," we must
remember that before I712 she had eight great fires! In
the "great fire" of I7II, as we read, some sailors who
tried to save the bell on the old meeting-house, and climbed
up to the belfry, were consumed in their attempt. And in
the great fire of I760 scarcely a building was left standing
below Kilby Street.  Strange it is that experience so seldom
profits us! It has been said to be like the stern-light of
the ship, which only illumines the track she has passed
over.  But Boston, in most essentials, has profited by the
experiences of the past.  She has never lost sight of the
principles or patriotism of the fathers. She has learned
many a practical lesson fi-om the past. And even now
New England is the most liberty-loving, God-fearing, hardworking, self-relying, philosophic, patriotic, and persevering portion of this continent.  In literature, invention, and
art, in love of law and order, and devotion to the commonweal, she stands paramount. Her footsteps are phosphorescent, and light follows her steps wherever shle moves.




38
We thank you, Mr. President, for your kindness and
thoughtfulness in calling us together on this occasion, and
we may well say it has been good for us to be here.
The occasion closed at a late hour, with a general
expression of satisfaction.