L-AW AND INSTRUCTIONS
FOR TARING THE
CENSUS
OF THE
STATE OF MICHIGAN,
IN TIHE YEAR 1874.
ISSUEI) BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE.
LANSING
BW. s. GEORGE & CO., STATE PRINTERS AND BINDERS.
1874. 
















LAW AND INSTRUCTIONS
FOR TAKING TN]&
OP THN
STATE OF MICHIGAN
IN TTTE YEAR 1874.
ISSUED BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE.
LANSING
W. S. GEORGE & CO., STATE PRINTERIS AND BINDERS.
18s4.




n ROM TIIE
CONSTITUTION OF MIII[HIGAN.
ARTICLE IV.
SEc. 4. The Legislature shall provide by law for
an enumeration of the inhabitants in the year eighteen
hundred and fifty-four, and every ten years thereafter;
-and at the first session after each enumeration so made,
and also at the first session after each enumeration by
the authority of the United States, the Legislature
shall re-arrange the Senate districts, and apportion
anew the representatives, among the counties and
districts, according to the number of inhabitants, exclusive of persons of Indian descent, who are not
civilized, or are members of any tribe. Each apportionment, and the division into representative districts
by any board of supervisors, shall remain unaltered
until the return of another enumeration.




CENSUSJ LAW.
AN ACT to provide for taking the
census and statistics of this State. approved February 9, 1853, as amended by Act 101, Session Laws of 1873.
SECTION i. The People of the State Duty of suof fMichi~gan enact, Thatt it shall be ad asessthe duty of the supervisor of each ors to tako
census and
township and ward, and assessor of statistics.
each assessment district, at the time
of taking a list of the taxable property, or between the first Monday of
April and third Monday of May, in
the year one thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four, and every  ten years
thereafter, to go to every dwellinghouse in their respective township,
ward or assessment district, and by
personally inquiring of the head of
every family, or some competent person, to ascertain and take an enumeration of all the inhabitants therein
(except uncivilized Indians belonging
to some tribe), in the following order,
to wit: The names of all males of
the age of twenty-one years an d Lunder




4                   CENSUS LAW.
forty-five (designating  the  married
from  the unmarried); the names of
those of forty-five and under seventyfive; the names of those of seventyfive and under ninety; the names of
those of ninety and under one hundred; and the names of those over
one hundred; the number of females
of the age of eighteen years and under forty (designaLting  the married
from the unmarried); the number of
the age of forty and under seventyfive; the number of the age of seventy-five and over; the number of children under the age of five years; the
number of the age of five and under
ten (designating the males from  the
females); the number of males of the
age of ten and under twenty-one, and
the number of females of the age of
ten and under eighteen; the number
of colored persons; the number of
blind; the number of deaf and dumb;
and the number of insane persons
and idiots; the number of marriages
and the number of deaths the preceding year, as near as can be ascertained; andl the occupation or profession of all males over twenty-one
years of age.
Statistics to  SEC. 2. And it shall also be the duty
be collected. of the suplervisors and assessors of




CENSUS LAW.                    5
each city and township, at the time Idem.
mentioned in the preceding section
for taking the census of his township
or ward, to ascertain and set dlown in
a table prepared for that purpose the
whole number of acres of taxable
land; the whole number of acres of
land owned by individuals and companies; the number of acres improved; the whole number of acres of
land exempt from  taxation, and for
what cause, and its value; the numb2r
of acres sowed with wheat then on
the ground; the number of acres and
the number of bushels of corn harvested the preceding year; the number
of acres harvested and the nunmber of
bushels of wheat raised the preceding
year; the number of bushels of all
other kinds of grain; the number of
bushels of potatoes and the number
of tons of hay the preceding year;
the number of acres planted with the
following varieties of trees: peach,
pear, apple, plum, cherry; the number
of acres planted with grape vines,
with  raspberry  canes, strawberry
plants, currant and gooseberry bushes;
and the number of acres planted with
melons and with garden vegetables,
and the quantity of each of' the following articles produced during each




6                  CENSUS LAW.
Idem.    of the two preceding years: apples,
peaches, pears, plums, cherries, grapes,
strawberries, currants, gooseberries,
melons and garden vegetables, and the
value thereof as nearly as it can be
ascertained; the number of sheep,
and the number of pounds of wool
sheared the preceding year; and the
number of sheep and the number of
-swine over six months old; and the
number of pounds of pork marketed;
the number of neat cattle (other than
oxen and cows) one year old and over;
the number of horses one year old
and over; the number of mules; the
number of work oxen and the number
of milch cows; the number of pounds
of butter and cheese made the preceding year; the number of pounds of
sugar manufactured the present year;
the number of pounds of fruit dried
for market; the number of cans of
fruit and vegetables canned for market during the preceding year; the
number of cans of pickles manufactured for market; the number of
pounds of peppermint oil manufactured the preceding year; the number
of flouting mills, and the number of
runs of stone in each; the number of
barrels of flour made by each the preceding year; and the number of oil




CENSUS LAW.                   7
mills, and the number of gallons of Idem.
oil made the preceding year; the
number of breweries, and the number
of barrels of beer made the preceding
year; the number of distilleries, and
the number of gallons of liquor made
the preceding year; the number of
gallons of wine made the preceding
year; and the number of barrels of
cider made the preceding year; and
the number of barrels of fish caught
the preceding year, and the amount
of capital invested; the number of
saw mills, and the number of feet of
lumber sawed by each the preceding
year and the amount of capital invested; the number and kind of all mannfactories, the number of persons employed in each, the amount of capital
in vested and the value of the products
for the past year, designating  the
number of said mills and factories
operated by steam and the number by
water power; the number of mines
worked, the amount of capital invested, and the number of men employed,
specifying the kind of mineral, the
aggregate quantity in pounds, and its.
valuation at the place ot mining; the
amount of capital invested and the
number of men employed; and the,
value of all the merchandise imported




S                    CENSUS LAW.
the preceding year for the purpose of
sale.
Duty oSec-  SEC. 3. The Secretary of State shall
t otef  prepare proper blanks for taking the
census and statistics, and shall transmnit to the several county clerks of all
the organized counties of the State a
sufficient number for each township,
ward, or assessment district in each
county, on or before the first day of
January, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four,
and every tenth year thereafter; and
it shall be the duty of the county
clerk to receive and retain the same
in his office, and on or before the second Monday in April hext thereafter,
cause to be delivered to the supervisor
of each township and ward, and assessor of each assessment district in the
county, a sufficient number of said
blanks for the supervisor or assessor
to take the census of his township or
ward, or assessment district (as the
case may be), and to make a condeinsed
statement thereof, as prescribed in the
next succeeding section.
census snd   SEC. 4. It shall be the  duty of
tattbe codesed each supervisor and assessor to conbysupervis- dense the census and statistics of his
or and asSessor,   township, ward, or assessment district,
so as to show the aggregate number of




CENSUS LAW.                       9
each class, to write out distinctly the
names of all males over the age of
twenty-one years; and when so arranged he shall nmake duplicate copies,
and personally deliver or forward the
same to the  county clerk of their
respective counties, on or before the
first day of July, next thereafter; and Duty of
it shall be the duty of the county countyclerk.
clerk to forthwith seal up one copy
and send it by mail to the Secretary
of State, and the other he shall file
and carefully preserve in his office.
SEc. 5. If any supervisor or assessor When pershall be sick, or otherwise unable to s, e,tdtoap
pelform, or omit to perform the duties do the duty
of supervisor
required by this act, the township ororassessor.
city board shall immediately appoint a
suitable person to do the duties of such
supervisor or assessor, who shall take
and subscribe the constitutional oath
before entering upon the duties of his
office.
SEC. 6. Any supervisor or assessor Penalty for
neglecting or refusing, without good auty.
cause shown, to perform all the duties
prescribed in this act, shall forfeit the
sum of one hundred dollars, to he recovered by an action of debt, in the
name of the people of the State of
Michigan, for the use of the county
where such failure occurred.
2




10                    CENSUS LAW.
Proseenting   SEC. 7. It shall be the duty of the
t or oey to  county, township, or city clerk (as the
feitures.   case may be), to notify the prosecnting attorney of the county of any forficiture  under  this  act, who  shall
immediately commence a suit for the
recovery thereof, and  prosecute the
same to a final termination.
Com pensa-   SEC. 8. The supervisor of each townptrvisonrU- ship and ward, and  the ass-ssor, of
andassess- each assessment district, shall be alors.     lowed, in addition to the sum allowed
by law fbr taking the assessment of
his township, ward, or assessment distfict, two dollars for every one hundred persons by him  returned, if the
number shall exceed one thousand
and five hundred; and two  dollars
and - fifty cents per hundred for any
number less; and ten cents per mile
for conveying  the  returns  to  the
county clerk's office, which shall be
in lull for all services performedi under the provisions of this act; and the
sum due each supervisor and assessor
for services, shall be calculated at the
rate aforesaid by the county clerk to
which the proper returns are made,
and his certificate of the amount due
shall be paid by the treasurer of said
rrovlso.   County: Provided, That before a supervisor or assessor shall be entitled




CENSUS LAW.                    11
to receive any compensation, he shall
attach a certificate to each copy of
said returns, signed by him, in the
following form, to wit: "I do hereby F,,rm of
certify that the census and statistics e"' icate ta
set forth in the schedule hereunto annexed, has been consolidated and arranged from enumeration and statistical lists, made by actual inquiry at the
dwelling, or personal inquiry of the
head of every family, or of a competent person acquainted with the facts,
by myself, in the towsnship of
-, or ward number -, in
the city of -- --—, or assessment district in the city of -     -
(as the case may be), and that the said
schedule has been made in every repect in conformity with the act for
taking the census and statistics for the
year eighteen hundred and fifty-four,
and every tenth year thereafter, and
the amendments thereto, and is correct and true, according to the best of
my knowledge and belief."
SEC. 9. The Secretary of State shall Report of
condense, in a tabular form, the ceun- tate  of
sus and statistical returns made to
him, and, as soon as may be, cause
three thousand copies to be published
in pamphlet form, and transmit foun' iMtrihution
copies to each organized township in thereof.




12                   CENSUS LAW.
the State, one for the use of the supervisor, one for the use of the township
clerk, and two to be deposited in the
township library; and twen ty-five copies to the mayor of the city of Detroit,
and ten copies to the mayor of any
other city in the State, for the use of
the several city libraries, and one copy
to each of the members of the LegisProviso.  lature and its officers: Provided, That
in counties having less than five thousand inhabitants, the supervisor in
each town shall be entitled to three
dollars for taking the census and statistics in his town extra.
Common     SEC. 10. In the city of Detroit the
Council of
Detroit to  common council shall appoint a perappoihnt   son in each ward to discharge the duties required by this act to be performed  by  the  supervisor of each
P'roviso.  township or ward: Provided, There is
no assessor elected in said wards.
Columns to   SEC. 11. It shall be the duty of the
be footed. persons required in this act to take
said census, to have the several columns of figures footed, and the aggregate amount put down.
Governor to  SEC. 12. That the Governor appoint
appoin t   marshals to take the census in the uncertaincases. organized territory not otherwise provided in this act, who shall receive
sulch compensation as the board of su



CENSUS LAW.                    13
pervisors of theorganized  county to
which such unorganized territory is
attached  for judicial purposes shall
allow.
This act shall take effect immediately.




INSTRUCT IONS.
TO COUNTY CLERKS.
You will receive by express a supply of
blanks, and pamphlet law and instructions
-for taking the census and statistics of the
-State for 1874.
The blanks comprise five printed schedules,,and a quantity of ruled paper.
The schedules numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, are for
the original work of taking down, the information required to be obtained.
The other schedule a:id ruled paper are for
the copies of condensed statement of aggregates, and names and occupations of males
over twenty-one years of age, which enumerators are required to make, in duplicate, and
personally deposit with, or forward to the,clerk of their respective counties on or before the first day of July; one of which you
are forthwith to seal up and send to the Secre-:tary of State.
After the spring election, and on or before
Cthe second MTonday in April, you will, as re



INSTRUCTIONS.              15
quired by law, cause to be delivered to the
Supervisor of each township and ward and
assessor of each  assessment district in the
county, and in the city of Detroit to the persons appointed in accordance with law, by
the common council, to take the census and
statistics in wards where there is no assessor,
a sufficient number of said blanks on which to
take and return the census and statistics of
his township, ward, assessment district or territory assigned him, and one copy of the
pamphlet law and instructions to each.
In making the distribution of the schedules
YOU WILL OBSERVE THE FOLLOWING:
The calculation for the nunlber of each of
the schedules numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, necessary to
be printed, is based on an assumed population
of one million five hundred thousand, and the
nnumber of sheets which it took to take the
census and statistics for one thousand inhabitants in 1864.
Calculating by' the number used in 1864, it
is found that:
1 sheet of SCHEDULE 1 is sufficient for a
population of 318.
1 sheet of SCHEDULE 2 is sufficient for a
population of 400.




16            INSTRUCTIONS.
1 sheet of SCHEDULE 3 is sufficient for a
population of 400.
And that of SCHEDULE 4 BUT 1 sheet will
be required by any enumerator, except in
rare cases in cities where manufacturing establishments are very numerous.
Of the SCHEDULE  FOR T'HE  CONDENSED
STATEMENT to you and the Secretary of State,
two copies to each enumerator will be sufficient,
and the RULED PAPER for names, etc., to accompany the condensed statement, you will distribute at the rate of one sheet for a population
of eight hundred, or a district containing 240
voters. A reasonable surplus of all the schedules and of the pamphlets, has been printed;
a part of which is sent to you, and the remainder kept at the office of the Secretary of Stalte
to supply any deficiency which may be discovered; but as the type is distributed and no
more can be printed in proper time, YOU MUST
BE SURE TO ESTIMATE THE BLANKS NECESSARY
IN EACH CASE CLOSELY, or the supply will be
exhausted.
Should you discover that from  any cause
there will not be enough of any of the blanks,
make application without delay to the Secretary of State for the kind and quantity needed.




ISTRUCTIOWS,               17
TO SUTPERVISORS AND ASSESSORS,
AND OT'HER ENTUMERATORS.
(Supplemental to the notes on the Schedules.)!. Enter the items in all the schedules as
well as in the lists of names carefully, with.
good black ink, to save time in deciphering
defaced pencil marks, and for the sake of accuracy.
2. Make the enumeration and take the statistics by.families, numbering and designating
them so as to know when you are done.
3. All PERSONS TEMPORARILY ABSENT from
home on a journey or visit are to be counted in
their own family, but children and youth absent
from home for purposes of education, on the
first of May, and subsequently during the time
of taking the enumeration, will be counted in
the family where they are then living. Sailors,
fishermen, railroad men, expressmen, etc., if
they have a home and family in any particular
place, will be counted with such family, and
not where they may be temporarily, if away
from home.  Care must be exercised lest the
classes of persons rqferred to in this paragraph
be counted more than once,




18             INSTRUCTIONS.
4. Each page of the original schedules
should be numbered in order as filled, and
whenfilled, in the blank prepared for that pur
pose, at the upper left-hand corner, numbering
the first page of the first sheet PAGE 1; the
first page of the second sheet PAGE 3, and so
on. Exercise the utmost care to preserve your
schedules, when filled, from loss or damage.
Always carry the pamplet law and instructions.
5. Fill both sides of the schedules and be
careful not to lose or spoil the blanks or the
supply printed may-be exhtausted.
6. Enumerate DIVORCED PERSONS, aS to social condition, with "widowers" and "widows";
those merely separated but not divorced, with
the "married."
7. Designate the "PROFESSION, OCCUPATION
OR TRAlDE "  closely, as:  "Stone  Mason,"
"6Brick ATason," "Clerk  in Store," "Bank
Clerk," "Retired Merchant," " Ca.rpenter and
Joiner,"  " Carpenter,"  "c Cabinet  Maker,"
"' Shoemaker," "' Huckster," s" Dry Goods Merchant," " Coal Dealer,"" Grocer," "Apprentice
to Carpenter," "Works in Paper Mill," "Farmer," "Farm Laborer," "Miner," "R. R. Engineer," "Brakeman," "Hatter," "Hat and Cap
Dealer," "Circuit Judge," "Probate Judge,"




INSTRUCTIONS.             19
(Judges will be understood to be lawyers, the
occupation of other officials should be stated),
" Fire Insurance  Agent," "Life Insurance
Agent," etc.
Reserve the term  manufacturer for proprietors of large establishments, giving always
the branch of manufacturing.
Distinguish between farmers and farm laborers.
(Call no man agent, artist, professor, speculator, etc., without further explanation.
If a man works in (or Ilr) a fictory, state
the fact, naming the kind of factory.
O. Report none BLIND who are not totally
so, and only those INSANE of whose insanity
there is no question.
Call none " DEAF AND DUMB " who are
merely deaf and not dumb, or dumb and not
deaf. Only such persons as can neither hear
nor speak are meant.
The fact of IDIOCY can generally be best determined by the public opinion of the neighborhood.
9. As to MARRIAGES AND DEATHS, care
should be taken to have it understood that the
period covered by the inquiry is from  the I.st
of January, 1873, to the 31st of December, 1873,




20            XISTRUCTiOXS.
10. The amounts of the various PRODUCTS
will be estimated, where no exact account is
kept, from the best information which can be
obtained f'omz the proprietor or manager.
11. By " IMPROVED LAND " is meant cleared
land, whether used fobr gazing, grass, or tillage,
or lying idle.
12. On all the Schedules where values are
stated, omit fractions of a dollar, or cents.
13. Where a MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENT carries on more than one kind of business, each kind should be tWaken separately, as
to the kind of~ manufjactlures and their value.
14. With MINEs include QUARRIES, designating them properly as to the products. The
reduction or manufact;ure of the products of
mines, or quarries, whether connected with
mines, or quarries, or otherwise, will be classed
as manufacturing, and the works or mills for
such purposes included under the head "Manufactories of all Kinds."
15. After condensing  and  making  your
DUPLICATE  COPIES  OF  AGGREGATES  ANDI
NAMES AND OCCUPATIONS fos delivering to the
county clerks, on or before the 1st day of July,
one copy of which he is to forward forthwith
to the Secretary of State, roll up the original




STRraCTIONS.                21
blanks on which you Aave taken the enumeration
and statistics, and forward them by mail or express to the Secretary of State.  BY so DOING
YOU WILL SAVE A GREAT DEAL OF CORRESPONDENCE WHEN THE CONDENSATION FOR PUBLICATION IS GOING ON I'N  THE OFFICE OF THE
SECRETARY  OF  STATE.  Errors will always
creep in, in copying, etc., and it is very important that the originals be at hand to refer
to when the accuracy of any, particular item
seems improbable.*
16. By the preparation of the schedule on
which to copy the condensed statements, which
you are to deposit with the county clerk, A
GREAT SAVING OF LABOR TO ENUMERATORS
over the method heretofore in use, has been
projected, and it is hoped by the Department,
of State that you will show your appreciation
of its efforts to so simplify and reduce your
work, under the law, as to render as far as
possible the compensation allowed you, commensurate with your labor, by taking pains
to-make the statistics of this census as perfect
as possible, and the best of the series.
* If, at the time of condensing, yon find errors in the Schedales and correct them, change the incorrect marks in the original
Schedule immediately, to fave subsequent annoyance,