PHARMACOP(EA GERMANICA.
TH E
GERMAN PHARMACOP(EIA.
TRANSLATED BY
C. L. LOCHMAN.
WITH
AN APPENDIX
EXPLANATOERY OF THE FRENCH METRICAL SYSTEM, AND TABLES
OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES, ETC.
PHILADELPHIA:
DAVID D. ELDER & CO.,
430 MARKET STREET.
1873.




Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by
C. L. LOCHMAN,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
PHILADELPHIA
PRINTED BY SHERMAN & CO.




INTRODUCTION
BY T HE  T RANSLATOR.
THE fact that hitherto no English translation has existed
of any of the Pharmacopoeias of the German States, and that
they were almost sealed books to many American pharmacists, has induced the translator to prepare one of the ".Pharmacopoea Germanica," or GERMAN PHARMACOP(EIA, which has
recently taken the place of the various Pharmacopoeias of the
German States, and is now the only legally recognized Pharmacopceia for the whole German empire.
The Pharmacopceia was compiled, after the establishment
of the Empire, by gentlemen of acknowledged ability in the
various departments of science, in Germany.
It will be appreciated for its concise, accurate, and scientific
descriptions of' Materia Medica and preparations; giving
briefly the characteristic marks by which the purity and
identity of a drug may be readily ascertained.
In view of the already large, and rapidly increasing German
population, including many physicians, the work, it is hoped,
will be acceptable to many pharmacists, who are frequently
called upon for medicines by the German names, or by the
Latin terms, in use in Germany.
In the English translation of officinal terms, especially of
chemistry, the nomenclature adopted in the late United States
Pharmacopoeia (Revision of 1870), has been followed, as far
as practicable. It must be remembered, however, that many
preparations, though bearing similar names to those of the




iv
United States Pharmacopoeia, are not of equal strength, and
many liquids vary in specific gravity, and that the articles
named, have reference to each other only in this Pharmacopoeia, and do not refer to any other.
The metrical system of weights and measures is established
by law in the German empire; but in the formulas of this
work, the quantity of every article is given in parts by weight,
and in no case by measure of capacity. The temperatures are
expressed in degrees of the centigrade (Celsius') thermometer. The specific gravity of liquids are taken at 150 of that
scale.
The manner of preserving articles " cautiously" or "very
cautiously," has reference to the separation and seclusion of
medicines, according to the instructions given at the heads of
Tables B and C.
The Latin and German names of the various medicines
contained in the Pharmacopoeia, at the head of each article,
with their synonyms, have been strictly adhered to, and the
English terms and synonyms are designated by being inclosed
in brackets [-].
To the Latin and German indexes, a full English index has
been added, as well as one of systematic names of the plants
and animals which furnish the articles of the materia medica.
The latter index is not found in the original work, but it was
considered of sufficient importance to be inserted in the translation.
An Appendix, explanatory of the centigrade and Fahrenheit's thermometers, and of the French metrical system of
weights and measures, has also been added, together with
comparative tables of weights and measures, and tables of
weights and measures of the United States and British Pharmacopceias.
The preface to the original work will explain the scope of
the Pharmacopoeia, the various tables admitted, and under
what auspices it has been prepared.
The translator hopes that the spirit of the age, which has
brought about the formation of common Pharmacopoeias for




NOTICE OF THE PUBLICATION
OF THE
PHARMACOP(EA GERMANICA,
OF JUNE 1, 1872.
By virtue of a resolution of the Federal Council,
(Bundesrathe) passed at its session on May 22d, of this
year (1872), it is hereby made public, that the Book
of Medicines, which, under the title of "Pharmracoposa
Germanica," has been adopted by a committee, appointed by the Federal Council, and which has been
published at the Royal Prussian Printing-Office, of R.
von Decker, at Berlin, shall take the place of the different Pharmacopoeias in use in the several States of the
Confederacy, from the first of November of this year.
For the Chancellor of the Empire,
Signed by
DELBRiUCK.
BERLIN, June 1, 1872.




V
whole empires, such as the British and the German, may, at
no distant day, induce the enlightened nations of the earth to
adopt a UNIVERSAL PHARMACOP(EIA upon a basis broad enough
to suit all nationalities, and to accept a uniform system of
weights and measures, so as to bring about unity and harmony
of the present incongruous systems of weights and measures,
terminology, and medicines of various strength which bear
similar names, all of which are liable to lead to serious errors.
Finally, the translator would avail himself of the present
opportunity of expressing his obligations to Mr. H. M. Wilder, of Philadelphia, who kindly read over the whole manuscript, and compared it critically with the original Latin text;
and for the warm interest he has taken in the progress of the
work, and especially for the labor bestowed on the revision of
the proof-sheets.
CARLISLE, PA., November, 1873.




PREFACE.
THE want of a Pharmacopoeia, that should be recognized
as authority throughout Germany, having been felt for a long
time, at the request of many persons, the Pharmaceutical
Societies, one of which exists in North Germany and the other
in South Germany, prepared a National Pharmacopoeia, which
appeared in an improved form in the year 1867, under the
title of "Pharmacopwea Germanice;" and it was presented to
the Cabinets of the various States of Germany for inspection,
and, should it appear suitable, for formal adoption.
The authorities of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, having called
the attention of the Federal Council, after the formation of
the North German Confederacy, to the want of a common
Pharmacopoeia, the matter was considered, and on the 19th
of December, 1868, it was resolved that a committee of physicians and pharmacists should be chosen, whose duty it should
be to compile such a Pharmacopoeia. The committee, having
assembled on the 28th of May, 1869, concluded that not only
the Prussian Pharmacopoeia but the Pharmacopoeia of Germany (Pharmacopcea Germanice), should be laid under contribution; and it was resolved, in regard to the medicines to be
introduced into the Pharmacopoeia, to get the opinions of all
the physicians and pharmacists throughout the North German
Confederacy, who enjoy a reputation and are of acknowledged
authority. The enterprise was interrupted by the operations
of the war, but after the establishment of the German Empire it was taken up again.
In pursuance of a decree, passed by the Federal Council,
on the 29th of April, 1871, a committee was chosen anew, to




Viii
prepare a Pharmacopoeia. The committee was also joined by
scientists from South Germany, to whom was committed the
same charge.
The work was commenced in September, 1871, with the
assistance of gentlemen from all parts of Germany, who enjoyed the highest reputation in the different departments of
science. The committee brought their labors to a close in
December of the same year.
It is apparent that this Pharmacopoeia, in the full sense of
the word, is not a new one; nor was it the intention of the
committee to produce such a one. The main object was to
collect the formulas of the different Pharmacopoeias in a
critical manner, and, as it were, to remodel the Prussian
Pharmacopoeia, as well as the Pharmacopoeia of Germany
("Pharmacopoa Germanice"), without leaving unnoticed the
recognized Pharmacopoeias of South Germany.
The new Pharmacopoeia became larger by the introduction
and description of many simple articles and preparations,
which have been recognized of late as excellent remedial
agents. It was concluded to retain the Latin language, partly
because it is everywhere understood, and partly because physicians prefer to write their prescriptions in that language.
As it was necessary to decide what medicines should be
introduced into the Pharmacopoeia, in general, proper attention was paid to all suggestions and wishes that came under
notice from the different parts of Germany.
The contents of our Pharmacopoeia will, no doubt, at the
present time, offer all that is considered necessary to the pharmacists of Germany. But as the articles are numerous and
varied, it was not considered proper to compel the pharinacists to keep on hand all the simple articles or preparations
adopted by the Pharmacopoeia. It cannot, therefore, be definitely stated which articles should be kept by the pharmacists
in general: that matter must be left to be determined by the
various States, according to the wants of the differentlocalities.
With regard to the form and arrangement of this Pharmacopoeia, the compilers have followed former works of this kind;




ix
the alphabetical order has been retained, and, for the most
part, the customary officinal names of the remedies prepared
from plants. On the contrary, as regards either simple articles or chemical preparations, it was considered preferable to
retain the names which had been in common use for a long
time by physicians and pharmacists, and which are also used
in medical and pharmacological works.
After the proper title at the head of each article, beside the
German names, there are given also such synonyms as were
considered of importance.
Where it treats of simple articles, whether derived from
vegetables or animals, the descriptions must necessarily be
short, but they are given with the utmost accuracy, as to the
characteristic marks, and stating also when the indigenous
plants, necessary to the pharmacist, should be collected.
As most of the chemical preparations are made in a better
and more scientific manner in the chemical establishments, it
was left to the pharmacist to draw his chemicals from those
sources or from dealers. Only certain directions are given in
our Pharmacopoeia for the preparation of such chemicals as
differ in composition, when prepared by different formulas.
Since the pharmacists are held responsible for the quality
and purity of all articles they keep on hand, brief methods
are given by which each chemical is to be tested, to establish
fully its purity and identity.
For this purpose are added to the Pharmacopoeia the names
of reagents, and of what concentration they should be, so that
the investigation may be properly carried out.
Finally, at the end of the work the following tables will be
found:
1. Table A, consisting of remedies which are of considerable therapeutic power and activity, giving the maximum
doses, both in the largest single dose, and the largest quantity
that may be administered during a period of twenty-four
hours.
2. In the tables B and C are enumerated the remedies which
are to be cautiously preserved, and kept separate from the




x
others, namely: such as are usually termed poisons, and such
as are possessed of very great therapeutic power and activity.
3. The table following gives the specific gravities of the
liquid remedies. The temperature of 150 of Celsius' (centigrade) scale has been established as the point at which the
specific gravity is to be taken, to which point all liquids to be
examined, at any time of the year, can be readily brought.
4. The specific gravities of alcohol, of different strengths,
are noted, and the degrees are given, which a correct areometer (hydrometer) must indicate.
The table printed at the beginning of the work, gives the
atomic weights of the different elements which are found in
the chemical formulas in the Pharmacopoeia.
A table of weights, which must be used in the shops, was
considered superfluous, as such weights are established by law
throughout the German Empire.
Finally, in order to find readily each separate article, treated
of in this work, two very accurate indexes are attached, one
of which gives the German names, and the other the Latin
terms of the remedies.
BERLIN, May, 1872.








xii
SYMBOLS AND ATOMIC WEIGHTS OF THE
ELEMENTS
AS USED IN THIS PHARMACOPCEIA.
Elements.               Symbols.    Atomic Weight.
Aluminum,........   27.4
Antimony (Stibium),...  Sb.... 122.0
Arsenicum,...As...  75.0
Barium,...Ba... 137.0
Bismuth,....... Bi... 210.0
Bromine,.....       Br....  80.0
Calcium,...Ca... 40.0
Carbon,...C... 12.0
Chlorine,.               C.  35.5
Chromium,..              Cr.... 52.0
Copper,...Cu... 63.5
Gold,                     Au...       197.0
Hydrogen,..........    1.0
Iodine,.......  I.... 127.0
Iron,...Fe... 56.0
Lead,...Pb... 207.0
Lithium,...Li....  7.0
Magnesium,.......  Mg...   24.0
Manganese,...            Mn...   55.0
Mercury,..              IHg...  200.0
Nitrogen,....... N... 14.0
Oxygen,.....                O... 16.0
Phosphorus,....           P...  31.0
Potassium (Kalium),..    K....  39.0
Silver,.                 Ag...  108.0
Sodium (Natrium),...  Na.... 23.0
Sulphur,...S... 32.0
Tin,..         Sn...  118.0
Zinc,... Zn..  65.0
The quantity of liquids, indicated by "parts," is always to be
determined by weight, and never by measure.




THE
GERMAN PHARMACOP(EIA.
Acetum.
[VINEGAR].                                        Essig.
Acetum crudum.  Acetum Fini.
A transparent, colorless or slightly yellowish liquid, of a
purely sour taste and odor. Twenty parts of vinegar should
contain sufficient [acetic] acid to saturate one part of anhydrous carbonate of sodium.
It should contain no free sulphuric or other foreign acids.
Acetum aromaticum.
[AROMATIC VINEGAR].                 Aromatischer Essig.
Take of Oil of Rosemary,....       1
Oil of Juniper,..      1
Oil of Lemon, each, one part,.      1
Oil of Thyme two parts,.....   2
Oil of Cloves five parts,...   5
Tincture of Cinnamon one hundred parts,. 100
Aromatic Tincture fifty parts,...     50
Diluted Acetic Acid two hundred parts,.. 200
Distilled Water one thousand parts.... 1000
Mix, and keep for three days in a cool place, then filter.
It should be a clear, brownish-red liquid, of an agreeably
sour and aromatic odor.
1




2
Acetum Colchici.
[VINEGAR OF COLCHICUM].                    Zeitlosenessig.
Take of Colchicum Seed, bruised,...   1
Alcohol, each, one part,....   1
Pure Vinegar nine parts.....   9
Digest for eight days, then express and filter.
Vinegar of colchicum is a clear, yellowish liquid.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Acetum Digitalis.
[VINEGAR OF DIGITALIS].                   Fingerhutessig.
Take of Digitalis Leaves, cut,..   1
Alcohol, each, one part,.....   1
Pure Vinegar nine parts.....    9
Macerate for eight days, express and filter.
Vinegar of digitalis is a clear, reddish liquid.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Acetum purum.
[PURE VINEGAR].                             Reiner Essig.
Acetum destillatumn.
Take of Diluted Acetic Acid one part,..   1
Distilled Water four parts.....   4
Mix them.
A transparent, colorless liquid, of a purely sour taste and
smell. It should contain six per cent. of acetic acid, so that
twenty parts are sufficient to saturate one part of anhydrous
carbonate of sodium.
Acetum pyrolignosum crudum.
[CRUDE WOOD VINEGAR].                   Roher Holzessig.
A brownish, or brown liquid, containing acetic acid, and
having an empyreumatic odor. Twenty parts should be sufficient to saturate one part of anhydrous carbonate of sodium.




3
Acetum pyrolignosum rectificatum.
[RECTIFIED WOOD VINEGAR].           Rectificirter Holzessig.
From ten parts of Crude Wood Vinegar, introduced into a
glass retort, eight parts are drawn off by distillation.
It forms a clear, colorless, or a yellowish or slightly brownish
liquid, of an empyreumatic odor, and a smoky, acid taste.
It should be preserved in well-stopped bottles.
Acetum Rubi Idai.
[VINEGAR OF RASPBERRY].                      Himbeeressig.
Take of Syrup of Raspberry one part,...   1
Pure Vinegar two parts....   2
Mix them.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Acetum Scillae.
[VINEGAR OF SQUILL].                     Meerzwiebelessig.
Acetum Scilliticum.
Take of Squill, dry and cut in small pieces,...   1
Alcohol, each, one part,....           1
Pure Vinegar nine parts.....    9
Macerate for three days, shaking frequently, then express
and filter.
It forms a clear, yellowish liquid.
It should be preserved in well-stopped bottles.
Acidum aceticum.
[GLACIAL ACETIC ACID].                          Essigsiaure.
Acidum aceticum concentratum.  Acetum glaciale.
A colorless, transparent liquid, of a pungent, acid smell,
which above 00 C.* becomes a crystalline mass, but regains
its fluidity at a temperature of 16~ C.; at 1180 C. it boils and
volatilizes entirely. Ten parts should dissolve one part of oil
of lemon. By the addition of a few drops of solution of permanganate of potassium, a permanent red color is produced.
Acetic acid, diluted with twenty parts of water, should not
* The translator has added the letter C. throughout the work, to the number of degrees,
to indicate the Centigrade Scale.




4
become turbid on the addition of chloride of barium, nitrate
of silver, or hydrosulphuric acid.*
It should be preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Acidum  aceticum  aromaticum.
[AROMATIC ACETIC ACID].             Gewiirzbafte Essigsaure.
Take of Oil of Cloves nine parts,.               9
Oil of Lavender,..          6
Oil of Lemon, each, six parts,.                      6
Oil of Bergamot,....    3
Oil of Thyme, each, three parts,.    3
Oil of Cinnamon one part.                             1
Dissolve, by agitation, in
Acetic Acid twenty-five parts....   25
It forms a clear, brownish-yellow liquid.
Acidum  aceticum  dilutum.
[DILUTED ACETIC ACID].                 Verdiinnte Essigsiiure.
Acetum concentratum.
A colorless, transparent liquid, of a very sour taste, having
a pungent acid odor, free from empyreuma. The specific
gravity is 1.040. One thousand parts are sufficient to saturate
two hundred and sixty-five (265) parts of anhydrous carbonate
of sodium, corresponding to thirty per cent. of acetic acid.
It behaves, in the presence of reagents, like acetic acid.
Acidum arsenicosum.
[ARSENIOUS ACID].                             Arsenige Salure.
[White Arsenic]. Weisser Arsenik.  Arsenicum album.
For medical purposes, only that which consists of whitish,
more or less opaque pieces, and not the powder, should be
employed.
By a strong heat it is entirely volatilized, in the form of
white fumes; it dissolves slowly in water, without a residue.
It should be preserved very cautiously.
* For the sake of brevity, the term " hydrosulphuric acid" is employed, in the translation, for " aqueous solution of hydrosulphuric acid," or " sulphuretted hydrogen water"
-" aq ua hydrosulphurata" (Schwefelwasserstoffwasser, Germ.), in the original.




5
Acidum benzoicum.
[SUBLIMED BENZOIC ACID].         Sublimirte Benzoesaiure.
Acidum benzoicum sublimatum.  Flores Benzoes.
It is prepared by sublimation from Benzoin.
It consists of white crystals, which change by age to a yellowish color; they are of a silky lustre, having the odor of
benzoin; readily soluble in two hundred parts of cold, and
twenty-five parts of boiling water; also, in alcohol, ether, oil
of turpentine, and in water of ammonia. When heated, they
first melt and are afterwards wholly volatilized.
A hot aqueous solution of the crystals must not evolve the
odor of bitter almonds, when heated with permanganate of
potassium.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Acidum boricum.
[BORACIC ACID].                                Borsaiure.
Acidum boracicum.  Sal sedativeun Hombergii.
In white, pearly, crystalline scales, which have scarcely an
acid taste; when heated they first melt with disengagement
of watery vapor, and then fuse into a mass, which, on cooling,
hardens into a transparent glass.
It is soluble in twenty-six parts of cold, and three parts of
boiling water, and also in alcohol. An aqueous solution
should not become turbid on the addition of nitrate of silver,
or chloride of barium; nor should it assume a red color with
sulphocyanide of potassium.
Acidum  carbolicum  crudum.
[CRUDE CARBOLIC ACID].                Rohe Carbolsa-ure.
[Impure Carbolic Acid].
A reddish-brown, more or less transparent liquid, of a
strongly empyreumatic smell; slightly soluble in water, more
freely in alcohol, and almost entirely so in a hot solution of
caustic soda. It should contain, at least, Jfifty per cent. of pure
carbolic acid.
1*




Acidum carbolicum crystallisatum.
[CRYSTALLIZED CARBOLIC ACID.  PURE CARBOLIC ACID].
Carbolsiure.
[Phenic Acid]. Phenol.  Acidum phenylicum.  Phenylsaure.
A crystalline, neutral, colorless or slightly reddish mass;
consisting of long-pointed crystals, of a peculiar odor and
very acrid taste. When exposed to fire it burns with a white
flame; melts between 250 and 30~ C. (the pure and anhydrous
at 42~), and boils at about 180~ C. it is slightly soluble in
cold water, and mixes in all proportions with ether, chloroform,
bisulphide of carbon and glycerin. Shaken with chloroform
or bisulphide of carbon, on account of the presence of a small
quantity of water, it becomes somewhat cloudy. It has the
specific gravity of about 1.060, when fused.
When shaken with no less than fifty parts, or at most sixty
parts of cold water, or with a small quantity of solution of
caustic soda, it yields a clear solution. The aqueous solution
is colored violet, when mixed with a few drops of solution of
sesquichloride of iron, which color lasts for some time.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Acidum chloro-nitrosum.
[NITRO-MURIATIC ACID].                    KTinigswasser.
Aqua regia.
Take of Pure Hydrochloric Acid three parts,...   3
Pure nitric Acid one part.....   1
Mix them.
It is only prepared when wanted for dispensing.
Acidum  chromicum.
[CHROMIC ACID].                             Chromsaure.
In columnar or needle-form, frequently pointed crystals of
a scarlet-red color; inodorous; deliquescent in the air, and
freely soluble in water and alcohol. When heated, they
become black, then melt and yield oxygen.
An aqueous solution, when boiled for some time with hydrochloric acid and a little alcohol; must not turn very turbid
on the addition of chloride of barium.
It should be cautiously preserved.




7
Acidum citricum.
[CITRIC ACID].                            Citronensaure.
In colorless, translucent, rhombic-prismatic crystals; permanent in the air, freely soluble in water, and alcohol, but
insoluble in ether; they effloresce at a moderate' heat, melt
at a higher temperature, and are charred at a red heat. A
solution, mixed with an excess of lime water, and heated,
yields a white precipitate, which disappears again on cooling.
An aqueous solution should not be rendered turbid by
hydrosulphuric acid, nitrate of barium, acetate of potassium,
oxalate of ammonium, or sulphate of calcium.
Acidum hydrochloricum.
[PURE HYDROCHLORIC ACID].               Reine SalzsIure.
[Pure ffuriatic Acid].  Acidum hydrochloratum. Acidum muriaticum.
A colorless, transparent liquid, entirely volatilized by heat,
having the specific gravity of' 1.124, and containing twenty-five
per cent. of anhydrous hydrochloric acid. When diluted with
five parts of distilled water, no change should be produced
by hydrosulphuric acid, nor should it become turbid with
chloride of barium, turn red with sulphocyanide of potassium,
or blue by a mixture of starch paste and iodide of potassium.
To test it for sulphurous or arsenious acid: —put a few
small pieces of pure zinc into a rather long test-tube, and
introduce the hydrochloric acid, diluted with two parts of
water, which should fill about one-tenth part of the tube;
into the upper portion of the tube is placed a pellet of cottonwool, saturated with a solution of acetate of lead, and the
mouth of the vessel is covered with a piece of white bibulous
paper, moistened with a solution of nitrate of silver. After
an active evolution of gas, for half an hour, in the absence
of sulphurous or arsenious acid, neither the cotton nor the
paper is blackened.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.




Acidum hydrochloricum  crudum.
[CRUDE HYDROCHLORIC ACID].               Rohe Salzsiure.
Acidum hydrochloratum crudum.
[Crude MAuriatio Acid]. Acidum muriaticum crudum.  Spiritus salis.
A transparent, yellowish, fuming liquid, of from 1.160 to
1.170 specific gravity, corresponding to thirty and thirtythree per cent. of anhydrous hydrochloric acid. It contains
traces of sulphuric and sulphurous acids, alumina and iron.
An acid, contaminated with arsenious acid, must be rejected.
It is tested as follows: —about ten grammes of the acid, after
adding one gramme of protochloride of tin, is either heated
or set aside for half an hour. The hydrochloric acid contaminated with arsenious acid, will then, on account of liberated
metallic arsenic, become turbid and brown.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Acidum  hydrochloricum  dilutum.
[DILUTED HYDROCHLORIC ACID].    Verdiinnte Salzsaure.
[Diluted Muriatic Acid].
Take of Pure Hydrochloric Acid,
Distilled Water, each, equal parts.
Mix them.
It forms a colorless, transparent liquid, having the specific
gravity 1.060.
It should be preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Acidum lacticum.
[LACTIC ACID].                                Milchsaure.
A clear, colorless, or yellowish, syrupy, inodorous liquid, of
a sour taste, having the specific gravity 1.24. It is charred
by a strong heat, burns with a bright flame, and is volatilized
without residue. It is soluble in water, alcohol, and in ether.
When mixed with solution of permanganate of potassium,
and heated, it emits the odor of aldehyd. If diluted with
water, it must not become turbid by hydrosulphuric acid,
chloride of barium, nitrate of silver, or oxalate of ammonium.
On being heated it gives off no odor of acetic or butyric acid.




Acidum  nitricum.
[PURE NITRIC ACID].                  Reine Salpetersdiure.
A colorless transparent liquid, wholly volatilized by heat;
having the specific gravity 1.185, corresponding to thirty per
cent. of nitric acid (NHO3).
The acid, diluted with an equal quantity of distilled water,
must not immediately assume a violet-red color on the addition of a few drops of chloroform, nor after the addition of
hydrosulphuric acid. Diluted with five parts of distilled
water, it must not become turbid with nitrate of barium or
nitrate of silver, nor be colored red by sulphocyanide of potassium.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Acidum nitricum  crudum.
[AQUA FORTIS].                             Scheidewasser.
It is colorless or yellowish, and is volatilized by heat without a residue; specific gravity of from 1.323 to 1.331, corresponding to fifty and fifty-two per cent. of nitric acid
(NI103).
It should be cautiously preserved.
Acidum nitricum  dilutum.
[DILUTED NITRIC ACID].          Verdiinnte Salpetersaiure.
Take of Pure Nitric Acid,
Distilled Water, each, equal parts.
Mix them.
A colorless, transparent liquid; specific gravity of from
1.086 to 1.089.
It should be preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.




10
Acidum nitricum  fumans.
[FUMING NITRIC ACID].         Raucheride Salpetersaiure.
Acidum nitroso-nitricum. Spiritus nitri fumans.
A transparent, brownish-red liquid, emitting red suffocating
fumes; specific gravity of from 1.520 to 1.525.
If largely diluted with water, it must become but slightly
turbid with nitrate of silver or nitrate of barium.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Acidum phosphoricum.
[PHOSPHORIC ACID].                       Phosphorsdure.
A colorless, transparent, and inodorous liquid, of a sour
taste, having the specific gravity of 1.1.20, which corresponds
to twenty per cent. of phosphoric acid (PH30).
When nearly saturated with carbonate of sodium, it yields,
on the addition of nitrate of silver, a light-yellow precipitate,
which is completely soluble in nitric acid, and in water of
ammonia. It must not become turbid when saturated with
hydrosulphuric acid gas, and kept for a considerable time in
a closed vessel. If it be colored by the addition of a few
drops of solution of permanganate of potassium, or solution
of indigo, and heated, it must in neither case become discolored. The diluted acid should not be rendered very turbid
by nitrate of barium.
The acid, evaporated to one-fifth of its weight, may be used
in place of dry or glacial phosphoric acid (Acidum phosphoricum siccum s. glaciale), when the latter is prescribed in a pill
mass.
Acidum succinicum.
[SUCCINIC ACID].                         Bernsteinsiaure.
Sal succini volatile.
It occurs in crusts of cohering, yellowish crystals, having
the odor of oil of amber. When exposed to heat, it is entirely
volatilized, giving out fumes that provoke coughing. It is
soluble in twenty-eight parts of cold water, 2.2 of boiling
water, freely in alcohol, and very slightly in ether, but insoluble in oil of turpentine.
A concentrated aqueous solution produces with solution of
acetate of potassium no crystalline precipitate. It is not
rendered turbid by chloride of barium, or chloride of calcium,
nor altered by hydrosulphuric acid. When colored with a
few drops of indigo solution, it is not discolored by the addition of sulphuric acid when heated. The acid rubbed with
caustic lime must not yield an ammoniacal odor.




11
Acidum sulfuricum.
[PURE SULPHURIC ACID].              Reine Schwefels~aure.
Acidum sulfurieum rectiflcatum.
A colorless, inodorous liquid, of an oily consistence, entirely
volatilized by heat, having the specific gravity 1.840, which
corresponds to 98.5 per cent. of sulphuric acid (SIO204).
When mixed with three times its volume of alcohol, it
yields no precipitate; diluted with water, it is not affected
by hydrosulphuric acid; it does not change the color of
indigo solution, nor discolor a solution of permanganate of
potassium when heated. It should not contain arsenious
acid, which is ascertained by the method used in testing pure
hydrochloric acid, excepting that the sulphuric acid be previously diluted with five or six parts of water.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Acidum sulfuricum crudum.
[CRUDE SULPHURIC ACID].              Robe Schwefelsdure.
Englische Schwefelsaure.
A transparent, generally colorless liquid, of an oily consistence; specific gravity of from 1.830 to 1.833, corresponding
to 91.8 and 93.1 per cent. of' sulphuric acid (SH204). Diluted
with five parts of water and filtered, then saturated with
hydrosulphuric acid gas, it should not yield, in a warm place,
a yellow precipitate, which is easily soluble in a solution of
carbonate of ammonium.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Acidum sulfuricum dilutum.
[DILUTED SULPHURIC ACID].  Verdiinnte Schwefelsaure.
Take of Pure Sulphuric Acid one part,....   1
Distilled water five parts......   5
The acid is dropped cautiously and gradually into the water
while it is stirred with a glass rod. The specific gravity ranges
from 1.113 to 1.117.




12
Acidum sulfuricum fumans.
[FUMING SULPHURIC ACID].   Rauchende Schwefelsaure.
[Nordhausen Oil of Vitriol]. Nordhauser Vitriolol.
A brownish, oily liquid, emitting white suffocating fumes;
specific gravity of from 1.860 to 1.900.
It should be tested like crude sulphuric acid.
Preserve it cautiously in well-closed, glass-stoppered bottles.
Acidum tannicum.
[TANNIC ACID].                                 Gerbsaure.
Tannin. Acidum gallo-tannicum.
A yellowish-white powder, burns when ignited, leaving
no residue; freely soluble in water, less so in alcohol. It has
a slight acid reaction.
The aqueous solution is entirely clear or nearly so, and on
being first treated with alcohol and then with ether, it does
not become turbid.
When the acid is shaken with ether, to which a small quantity of water has been added, a somewhat dense liquid is
formed, which subsides in the ether.
Acidum tartaricum.
[TARTARIC ACID].                         Weinsteinsiiure.
Sal essentiale tartari.
In columnar, monoclinic, colorless, and inodorous crystals,
frequently concreting together in crusts; they are permanent
in the air, charred by heat, and burn without a residue; soluble
in an equal weight of cold water, much more readily in boiling
water, and in three parts of alcohol.
The acid, dissolved in double its weight of water should
not become turbid by hydrosulphuric acid, nitrate of barium
or oxalate of ammonium.




13
Acidum valerianicum.
[VALERIANIC ACID].                         Baldriansaiure.
A colorless, transparent liquid, of a peculiar odor, having
a specific gravity of from 0.940 to 0.950 (responding to C,H,,
O2+H20); soluble in all proportions of ether, alcohol, and
water of ammonia.
Twenty-five parts of water scarcely dissolve one part of
valerianic acid, which. solution should redden blue test-paper,
but should not be rendered turbid by chloride of barium or
nitrate of silver.
The acid, neutralized by water of ammonia, which has been
diluted with an equal volume of distilled water, yields a reddish-brown, resinous precipitate, on the addition of a few
drops of solution of sesquichloride of iron, but the supernatant liquid should not assume a red color.
Preserve it in glass-stoppered bottles.
Aconitinum.
[ACONITIA OR ACONITIN].                        Akonitin.
A white or yellowish-white, inodorous powder, having a
bitter, followed by a sharp, taste, producing an acrid sensation
in the throat. It has an alkaline reaction and is very sparingly
soluble in cold water; more readily in water acidulated with
hydrochloric acid. It is soluble, also, in alcohol, ether, and
chloroform. It softens in hot water and runs together into a
resin-like mass, which afterwards dissolves, slowly, in fifty
parts of boiling water. It dissolves in sulphuric acid, with a
yellowish-red color, which, after twenty-four hours, is changed
to a brownish-red. When heated in a water-bath with phosphoric acid, it assumes a violet color.
It should be preserved with great caution.
Adeps suillus.
[LARD.  HOG'S LARD].                   Schweineschmalz.
a4ungia porci vel porcina.
Sus scrofa Linn.
It should be very white, nearly inodorous, and without a
rancid taste. It is prepared by rendering the fat attached to
the mesentery and kidneys.
2




14
2Erugo.
[VERDIGRIS].                                   Griinspan.
Spangrun.  Viride XEris.  Cuprumn subaceticum.
In the form of solid cakes or balls, of a green or bluishgreen color. It is pulverized with difficulty.
Only partially soluble in water. Soluble in dilute sulphuric
acid, acetic acid, and in water of ammonia; leaving only a
very small quantity of impurities behind.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Ether.
[ETHER].                                   Schwefeliather.
[Sulphuric Ether]. Ether sulfuricus.  Naphtha vitrioli.
A colorless, transparent liquid, which is free from acids, and
is wholly volatilized in the air, so that a saturated linen cloth
should be left without odor after spontaneous evaporation of
the ether. The specific gravity must not exceed 0.728.
It should be preserved in rather small, well-stopped bottles,
in a cool place.
AEther aceticus.
[ACETIC ETHER].                               Essiglther.
Naphtha aceti.
A colorless liquid, free from acids, having the Specific
gravity of from 0.900 to 0.904.
When shaken with an equal volume of water, the bulk of
water must not increase over one-tenth.
It should be preserved in well-closed bottles, in a cool place.
EAther petrolei.
[PETROLEUM NAPHTHA].                     Petroleumaither.
A liquid procured by distillation from American petroleum.
It is transparent, colorless, and very inflammable, possessing
but a slight petroleum odor. When poured drop by drop into
the palm of the hand it evaporates rapidly, leaving no odor.
It is not miscible with water, but swims on its surface. Its
specific gravity ranges from 0.670 to 0.675 and it boils at a
temperature of from 500 to 600 C. When boiled for a few
minutes with a fourth of its volume of spirit of ammonia and
a small quantity of nitrate of silver, the ammoniacal liquid
must not turn brown.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels, in a cool place.




15
ZEthylenum chloratum.
[BICHLORIDE OF ETHYLENE].  Aethylenchlorid.  Elaylchlorid.
[Dutch Liquid]. Elaylum chloratum. Liquor Hollandicus.
A clear liquid, of the odor of chloroform, having the specific
gravity 1.270; boils at a temperature of 85~ C.; scarcely
soluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol, and in ether.
Distilled water, shaken with it, must not alter blue testpaper, nor become turbid with nitrate of silver.
It should be preserved in well-closed bottles.
Aloe.
[ALOES].                                            Aloe.
[Cape or Shining Aloes]. Aloe capensis vel lucida.
Aloe spicata Thunberg aid of other species of Aloe.
In opaque, dark-brown masses, with a greenish tint, the
edges viewed by transmitted light are of a pale brown or
chestnut-brown color. The fracture is conchoidal and glassy.
It emits a somewhat peculiar nauseous odor by breathing on
it. It has a very bitter taste and yields a greenish-yellow
powder. It is partially soluble in cold water, leaving a soft
resin undissolved. With hot water it gives a turbid, and with
alcohol almost a clear solution.
Alumen.
[ALUM].                                            Alaun.
[Sulphate of Aluminium and Potassium].
In more or less transparent, colorless, octohedral, hard, and
slightly efflorescent crystals; soluble in about fifteen parts of
cold water, and in equal parts of boiling water; insoluble
in alcohol. A solution in water gives an acid reaction, and
is not affected by hydrosulphuric acid. A diluted solution
must not assume a bluish tint, immediately, on the addition
of ferrocyanide of potassium, but only after some time. Alum,
when heated with solution of caustic soda, should evolve no
ammonia, and the primarily induced precipitate should be
entirely soluble in an excess of the soda solution, and the
liquid formed must scarcely be rendered turbid on the addition
of hydrosulphate of ammonium.




16
Alumen ustum.
[BURNT ALUM].                        Gebrannter Alaun.
Alum is calcined in a sufficiently capacious vessel of unglazed clay, until it is wholly converted into a light, spongy
mass.
It is white, porous, easily pulverized, and has an acid reaction; it dissolves quite slowly, but almost wholly in water.
Alumina hydrata.
[HYDRATE OF ALUMINA].                  Thonerdebydrat.
Argilla pura s. hydrata.
Take of Alum ten parts........  1)
Dissolve it in
Warm Distilled Water eighty parts..         80
Then filter, and add gradually, while stirring constantly, of
Pure Carbonate of Sodium nine parts,..   9
dissolved in
Distilled Water eighty parts....  89
Let the precipitate subside, and, having poured off the
supernatant liquid, collect it on a filter, and wash with water
until the washings scarcely become turbid with nitrate of
barium. The precipitate is expressed between bibulous paper,
dried, and reduced to a very fine powder.
It is a white, light powder, adhering to the tongue; insoluble in water, but wholly soluble in diluted acids, and in solution of caustic soda; the alkaline solution is precipitated by
chloride of ammonium, but it does not become turbid with
hydrosulphate of ammonium, and, after the addition of hydrochloric acid in slight excess, is rendered only slightly cloudy
with chloride of barium.
Ammoniacum.
[AMMONIAC. GUM AMMONIAC].            Ammoniakgumnli.
Gumnmi-resina ammoniacum.
Dorema ammoniacum Don.
In roundish tears, from the size of a pea to that of a walnut,
either embedded in a brownish mass, or agglutinated irregularly together in a lump; of a yellow or a yellowish-brown
color externally. The fracture is slightly conchoidal, milk



17
white, and of a waxy lustre; translucent at the edges;
rather hard when cold, becoming soft by heat. It irritates
the fauces, when chewed, having a bitter taste and peculiar
odor; it yields a milky fluid when triturated with water, and
is but partially soluble in alcohol.
Brown gum ammoniac, intermixed with much impurity,
should be rejected. For pharmaceutical purposes it is exposed
to frost, then reduced to powder, and separated from impurities by means of' a sieve.
Ammonium carbonicum.
[CARBONATE OF AMMONIUM].         Fliichtiges Laugensalz.
Sal volatile siccum. Ammoniacum carbonicum. Reines Hirschhornsalz.
In dense, hard, fibro-crystalline, translucent and dry masses,
of a strongly ammoniacal, but no empyreumatic, odor. It
effloresces in the air, and is often covered with a white
powder. It is completely soluble in four parts of cold water,
but dissolves with some difficulty in alcohol. It effervesces
with acids, and is wholly volatilized by a moderate heat.
An aqueous solution, saturated with nitric acid, is not rendered turbid by hydrosulphuric acid, chloride of barium, or
oxalate of ammonium; and nitrate of silver produces only a
very slight cloudiness.
It should be preserved in very tightly-closed vessels.
Ammonium carbonicum pyro-oleosum.
[PYRO-CARBONATE OF AMMONIUM]. Brenzlich-kohlensaures
Ammonium.
Ammoniacum carbonicum pyro-oleosum. Sal volatile cornu cervi.
Take of Carbonate of Ammonium thirty-two parts..  32
Triturate it intimately into a powder with
Ethereal Animal Oil one part,....   1
which is added gradually by drops.
It forms a whitish powder, which turns to a yellowish color
by age. With water it yields a yellowish solution.
It should be preserved in a well-closed glass vessel.
2*




18
Ammonium chloratum.
[CHLORIDE OF AMMONIUM].                         Salmiak.
[Sal Amnmoniac]. Ammoniacum hydrochloraturn. Sal ammoniacum
depuratum.
In white, hard, fibro-crystalline cakes, or in a white crystalline powder; colorless and inodorous, permanent in the air,
and wholly volatilized by heat; soluble in three parts of cold
water, and in an equal part of boiling water.
The aqueous solution is not altered by hydrosulphuric acid,
hydrosulphate of ammonium, or chloride of barium. Ferrocyanide of potassium, dropped into a moderately dilute solution, produces only after some time a blue color.
Ammonium chloratum ferratum.
[AMMONIO-CHLORIDE OF IRON].                Eisensalmiak.
Ammoniacum hydrochloratum ferratum. Ammonium muriaticum
martiatum.
Take of Chloride of Ammoniurn sixteen parts...  16
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water thirty-two parts,...  32
and add of
Solution of Sesquichloride of Iron three parts..   3
Then evaporate the liquid to dryness in a porcelain capsule,
by means of a steam-bath, stirring constantly, and reduce the
remaining mass to a powder.
It forms an orange-yellow powder, deliquescent in the air,
and wholly soluble in water. It contains 2.5 per cent. of iron,
or 7.25 per cent. of sesquichloride of' iron.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels, in a dark place.
Ammonium phosphoricum.
[PHOSPHATE OF AMMONIUM]. Phosphorsaures Ammonium.
In colorless, transparent crystals, or in a white crystalline
powder. It dissolves readily in water, but is insoluble in
alcohol; it is neutral or but slightly alkaline.
An aqueous solution must not be affected by hydrosulphate
of ammonium, nor, after being acidulated with hydrochloric
acid, by hydrosulphuric acid, nor become turbid with chloride
of barium.




19
Amygdalae amarae.
[BITTER ALMONDS].                      Bittere Mandeln.
Semen amygdali amnarum.
Amygdalus communis Linn. a. amara D C.
Oblong-ovate, somewhat compressed seeds; covered with
a yellowish-brown, powdery skin (testa),which incloses a white,
fleshy, oleaginous embryo, separable into two cotyledons;
of a bitter taste, nearly inodorous, but diffusing a peculiar
odor when tritarated with water.
Old, rancid, or worm-eaten almonds are to be rejected.
Amygdalae dulces.
[SWEET ALMONDS].                         Siisse Mandeln.
Semen amygdali dulce.
Amygdalus communis Linn. (. duleis D C.
The seeds are similar to the bitter almonds, generally larger
and flatter, of a sweetish, oily taste; affording no odor when
triturated with water.
Old, rancid, or worm-eaten almonds are to be rejected.
Amylum marantae.
[ARROw-ROOT].                            Marantastarke.
[Alfaranta].
Maranta arundinacea Linn.
A very fine, white, opaque, tasteless, and inodorous powder;
insoluble in cold water and alcohol, giving with ninety-six
parts of boiling water a moderately thin, pellucid mucilage,
which, on the addition of iodine, assumes a violet-blue color.
When arrow-root is shaken for ten minutes, with ten parts of
a mixture-consisting of two parts of hydrochloric acid and
one part of water-the greater part should separate unchanged,
and it should not become mucilaginous, nor yield an herbaceous
odor similar to that of green, unripe bean-pods.
Under the same name, not unfrequently, occur in commerce,
the fecula of Curcuma leucorrhiza and angustifolia Roxb., from
Malabar, and the fecula of Manihot utilissima Pohl., from Brazil.
A compound microscope will easily show the difference of the
granules. In Maranta arrow-root they are egg-shaped or
oval, exhibiting well-marked layers, arranged (concentrically)
one above the other, and at their broader end, each one shows
a transverse fissure, or commonly a small eccentric nucleus.
Curcuma fecula consists of flattened, ovate, or oblong-ovate
granules; the one end of which is obtuse, the other end is




20
more or less pointed, and provided with a very eccentrically
situated point, or nucleus, surrounded by innumerable, very
delicate, semilunar layers. The Manihot fecula consists, originally, of two, three, or four adherent granules, which separate on drying, each one exhibiting a kettledrum-shaped form,
provided with a central point and concentric layers.
Care should be taken that it be not adulterated with potato
starch, which yields, by the above given reaction, a thick
mucilage, of the odor of green, unripe beans. The granules
appear, under the compound microscope, more or less eggshaped; one end obtuse, and the other considerably pointed,
on which is exhibited an eccentrically situated point, around
which run irregular concentric layers.
Amylum Tritici.
[WHEAT STARCH].                          Weizenstairke.
Triticum vulgare Villars.
A commercial article in irregular, angular masses, which
yield, on being rubbed, a very fine, bluish-white, opaque powder without smell and taste, insoluble in cold water and alcohol. Under the compound microscope it appears to consist of
lentil or nearly kidney-shaped disks, differing very much in
size, having central points and obscurely marked concentric
layers.
Wheat starch yields with ninety-six parts of boiling water
a somewhat milky-white mucilage, which is colored violet-blue
on the addition of iodine. When shaken with ten parts of a
mixture consisting of two parts of hydrochloric acid and one
part of water, it forms an inodorous mucilage.
Antidotum Arsenici.
[ANTIDOTE TO ARSENIOUS ACID]. Gegengift der arsenigen
Siure.
Take of Solution of Persulphate of Iron sixty parts,.  60
Common Water one hundred and twenty parts.. 120
Mix, and add of
Calcined Magnesia seven parts,....   7
previously triturated, intimately, with
Common Water one hundred and twenty parts,. 120
then shake together constantly, until a soft homogeneous
pulp is produced.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing. There
should be kept ready on hand, about 500 grammes of solution
of persulphate of iron, and 150 grammes of calcined magnesia.




21
Aquae destillatae.
[DISTILLED WATERS].                   Destillirte Waisser.
The distilled waters should possess, with the exception of
opium water, the peculiar odor and taste of the substances
from which they are prepared. They must be freed from the
undissolved essential oils. Mucilaginous, and colored waters
should be rejected.
They must be preserved in a cool place.
Aqua Amygdalarum amararum.
[BITTER ALMOND WATER].               Bittermandelwasser.
Aqua Amygdalarum amararum concentrata.
Take of Bitter Almonds twelve parts...            12
Bruise them, and express the fixed oil as much as possible, by means of a press, without the aid of heat. Reduce the mass to a fine powder and mix it thoroughly with
Common Water eighty parts,....  80
then add, of
Alcohol two parts,......   2
and distill off ten parts,.......  10
or so much, that one thousand parts of the well-mixed distillate contain one part of hydrocyanic acid, or that one thousand
parts, being first treated with ammonio-nitrate of silver, and
then with nitric acid, yield five parts of dry cyanide of silver.
Bitter Almond Water is somewhat cloudy, and has a strong
odor of hydrocyanic acid and oil of bitter almonds. The odor
of bitter almond oil must remain after the removal of hydrocyanic acid by means of nitrate of silver.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed bottles.
Aqua amygdalarum amararum diluta.
[DILUTED BITTER ALMOND WATER].             Kirschwasser.
[Cherry Water]. Aqua cerasorum. Aqua cerasorum amygdalata.
Take of Bitter Almond Water one part,....   1
Distilled Water nineteen parts....  19
Mix them.




22
Aqua aromatica.
[AROMATIC WATER].                             Schlagwasser.
Aqua cephalica. Aqua s. Balsamum.Embryonum.
Take of Sage Leaves four parts,...   4
Rosemary Leaves,......   2
Peppermint,.......   2
Lavender Flowers, each, two parts,...   2
Fennel Seed,.......   1
Cassia Bark, each, one part,....   1
Alcohol twenty-six parts,.....  26
Common Water one hundred and thirty parts.      130
Let the cut and bruised ingredients macerate for
twenty-four hours, then distill off seventy-two parts..  72
It should have a strongly aromatic odor. It is turbid.
Aqua calcarise.
[LIME WATER].                                  Kalkwasser.
Aqua calcarima ustae. Aqua ealcis. Calcaria soluta.
Take of Burnt Lime one part,.....   1
Having been slaked with a sufficient quantity of water,
mix it, under brisk agitation, with
Common Water fifty parts.....  50
Set aside for a few hours, stirring occasionally, and then
pour off the liquid, from the greater part of the sediment,
into a vessel furnished with a tightly-fitting stopper. It
should be filtered before dispensing.
It is clear and colorless after filtration. It has an alkaline
reaction, becomes turbid by heat and by blowing into it the air
of the lungs.
Aqua chamomillae.
[CHAMOMILE WATER].                         Kamillenwasser.
Take of German Chamomile Flowers one'art,..   1
Common Water a sufficient quantity.
Distill off ten parts.......  10
Or it may be prepared by mixing
Concentrated Chamomile Water one part,.   1
Distilled Water nine parts...              9




23
Aqua chamomillae concentrata.
[CONCENTRATED CHAMOMILE WATER].  Koncentrirtes
IKamillenwasser.
Take of German Chamomile Flowers ten parts...  10
Distill off by means of steam one hundred parts.. 100
Mix with the distillate
Alcohol two parts,.....   2
and again distill ten parts...                   10
It should be preserved in stopped glass bottles.
Aqua chlorata.
[CHLORINE WATER].                            Chlorwasser.
Aqua chlori. Chlorum solutum. Liquor Chlori. Aqua oxylmuriatica.
A clear, yellowish-green liquid, of a suffocating odor. It
instantly discolors blue litmus paper.
When shaken with so much metallic mercury, that the
chlorine be entirely absorbed, the remaining liquid must not
redden blue test-paper, or only in a very small degree.
One hundred parts of chlorine water, when shaken with
three parts of crystallized protosulphate of iron, previously
dissolved in water, acidulated with hydrochloric acid, must
no longer discolor a solution of permanganate of potassium.
It contains therefore nearly 0.4 per cent. of chlorine.
It must be protected from the light, and always kept in
small, completely filled, glass-stoppered bottles.
Aqua cinnamomi.
[CINNAMON WATER].                Einfaches Zimmtwasser.
Take of Cassia Bark one part,..1
Common Water a sufficient quantity.
Distill off ten parts.......  10




24
Aqua cinnamomi spirituosa.
[SPIRITUOUS CINNAMON WATER]. Weingeistiges Zimmtwasser.
Aqua cinnamomi vinosa.
Take of Cassia Bark one part,.....   1
Diluted Alcohol one part,.....   1
Common Water ten parts......  10
Distill off five parts.......   5
It is turbid at first, and afterwards becomes clear.
Aqua communis.
[COMMON WATER. WATER]. Qenleines Wasser. Wasser.
The purest that can be had should be used; either well,
river, or rain water.
When it cannot be had colorless, clear, and free from  bad
taste, it should be fltered through alternate layers of sand
and charcoal.
Aqua destillata.
[DISTILLED WATER].                     Destillirtes Wasser.
It should contain no foreign substances, excepting very
small traces of carbonic acid or ammonia.
Aqua florum aurantii.
[ORANGE-FLOWER WATER].              Orangenbliithenwasser.
Aqua florum naphe.
Take of Commercial Orange-Flower Water,
Distilled Water, equal parts.
Mix them.
It should be free from metallic impurities.
Aqua foeniculi.
[FENNEL WATER].                             Fenchelwasser.
Take of Fennel Seed, bruised, one part,...   1
Common Water a sufficient quantity.
Distill off thirty parts.....  30
Fennel Water is somewhat turbid.




25
Aqua foetida antihysterica.
[COMPOUND ASSAFETIDA WATER].  Zusammengesetztes
Stinkasantwasser.
Aqua Asce foctida composita. Aqua foetida Pragensis. Aqua antihysterica
Pragensis.
Take of Galbanum eight parts,.....   8
Assafetida twelve parts,.....  12
Myrrh six parts,.......   6
Valerian Root,.                               16
Zedoary Root, each, sixteen parts,..    16
Angelica Root four parts,.....   4
Peppermint twelve parts,.....  12
Wild Thyme (Thymus Serpyllum),..   8
Roman Chamomile, each, eight parts,..   8
Canada Castor one part.                         1
Cut and bruise the ingredients, introduce them  into
a retort, and add of
Diluted Alcohol one hundred and fifty parts.  150
Set the mixture aside for twenty-four hours, then add of
Common Water three hundred parts,... 300
and distill off three hundred parts..... 300
Compound Assafetida Water is turbid.
Aqua Kreosoti.
[CREASOTE WATER].                          Kreosotwasser.
Kreosotum solutum,.
Take of Creasote one part,...   1
Distilled Water one hundred parts.... 100
Mix by shaking.
Creasote Water is turbid.
Aqua Lauro-Cerasi.
[CHERRY-LAUREL WATER].              Kirschlorbeerwasser.
Take of Fresh Cherry-Laurel Leaves twelve parts..  12
They are cut, and by means of a wooden pestle, bruised
in a stone mortar, and, having poured upon them
Common Water thirty-six parts,...  36
Alcohol one part,......   1
distill into a well-cooled receiver ten parts,          10
or as much as will produce a water equal in strength to bitter
almond water.
3




26
Cherry-laurel water is clear or nearly so, having the penetrating odor of hydrocyanic acid.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed bottles.
Aqua Melissae.
[BALM WATER. MELISSA WATER].             Melissenwasser.
Aqua Melissce citratae.
It is prepared from Balm Leaves, or from Concentrated
Balm Water, like Chamomile Water.
It should be clear.
Aqua Melissae concentrata.
[CONCENTRATED BALM WATER].  Koncentrirtes Melissenwasser.
It is prepared from Balm Leaves, like Concentrated Chamomile Water.
Aqua Menthae crispae.
[CURLED-MINT WATER].                 Krauseminzwasser.
Take of Curled-mint (Mentha Crispa) one part,..   1
Common Water a sufficient quantity.
Distill off ten parts.......  10
It is slightly turbid.
Aqua Menthae piperitse.
[PEPPERMINT WATER].                   Pfefferminzwasser.
It is prepared from Peppermint, like Curled-mint Water.
Peppermint Water is slightly turbid.
Aqua Menthae piperitas spirituosa.
[SPIRITUOUS PEPPERMINT WATER]. Weingeistiges Pfefferminzwasser.
Aqua menthae piperitce vinosa.
It is prepared from Peppermint, like Spirituous Cinnamon
Water.
It is turbid.




27
Aqua Opii.
[OPIUM WATER].                               Opiumwasser.
Take of Opium, coarsely powdered, one part,..   1
Common Water ten parts.....  10
Distill off five parts.......   5
Opium Water should be clear and colorless. It has a faint
odor.
Aqua Petroselini.
[PARSLEY WATER].                        Petersilienwasser.
Take of Parsley Seed one part,.....   1
Common Water a sufficient quantity.
Distill off twenty parts.......  20
It is slightly turbid at first, and afterwards becomes clear.
Aqua phagedaenica.
[PHAGEDENIC WATER].               Phagedanisches Wasser.
[Yellow Wash]. Altschadenwasser. Liquor Hlydrargyri bichlorati corrosivi cum Caloaria usta.
Take of Corrosive Chloride of Mercury one part..   1
Powder it very finely, and mix with
Lime Water three hundred parts...        300
It is turbid and yields an orange-yellow precipitate.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Aqua phagedaenica nigra.
[BLACK WASH].                           Schwarzes Wasser.
Aqua Nigra. Aqua mercurialis nigra. Liquor Hydcrargyri chlorati mitis
cum Calcaria usta.
Take of Mild Chloride of Mercury one part,...   1
Lime Water sixty parts.....  60
Mix by rubbing them well together.
The liquor is shaken up and dispensed with its black precipitate.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.




28
Aqua Picis.
[TAR WATER].                                  Theerwasser.
Aqua picea.
Take of Tar one part......              1
Pour upon it
Hot Distilled Water ten parts....  10
Macerate for two days, stirring frequently, then pour off
the clear liquid.
Tar Water is clear, somewhat yellowish, and possesses the
odor and taste of tar.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Aqua Plumbi.
[LEAD WATER].                                   Bleiwasser.
Kuhlwasser. Aqua plumbica s. saturnina.
Take of Distilled Water forty-nine parts,...  49
Solution of Subacetate of Lead one part...   1
Mix them.
Lead Water is slightly turbid.  Before dispensing it is
shaken up.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Aqua Plumbi Goulardi.
[GOULARD'S LEAD WATER].              Goulard's Bleiwasser.
Aqua G(oulardi. Aqua vegeto-mineralis Goulardi.
Aqua Plunbi spirituosa.
Take of Common Water forty-five parts,.                  45
Solution of Subacetate of Lead one part,..   1
Diluted Alcohol four parts.....   4
Mix them.
It is turbid. Before dispensing it is shaken up.
It should be cautiously preserved.




29
Aqua Rosse.
[ROSE WATER].                                Rosenwasser.
Take of Fresh Rose Leaves two parts.                     2
Or of such as are preserved with one-half part of
chloride of sodium three parts,.....   3
Common Water a sufficient quantity.
Distill off ten parts........  10
Rose Water is clear.
Aqua Rubi Idai.
[RASPBERRY WATER].                        Himbeerwasser.
Take of Fresh, Expressed Cakes of Raspberries one
hundred parts,........ 100
Common Water a sufficient quantity.
Distill off two hundred parts...... 200
Or it may be prepared by mixing
Concentrated Raspberry Water one part,.       1
Distilled Water nine parts.....   9
Aqua Rubi Idaei concentrata.
[CONCENTRATED RASPBERRY WATER]. Koncentrirtes Himbeerwasser.
Take of Fresh, Expressed Cakes of Raspberries one
hundred parts,........ 100
Alcohol four parts,......   4
Common Warm Water a sufficient quantity.
Macerate for one night, then distill off twenty parts..  20
It is clear.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Aqua Salviae.
[SAGE'WATER].                               Salbeiwasser.
It is prepared from  Sage Leaves, or Concentrated Sage
Water, like Chamomile Water.
It is somewhat cloudy at first, and afterwards becomes
clear.
3*




30
Aqua Salviae concentrata.
[CONCENTRATED  SAGE WATER].  Koncentrirtes Salbeiwasser.
It is prepared from Sage Leaves, like Concentrated Chamomile Water.
Aqua Sambuci.
[ELDER FLOWER WATER].           Fliederblumenwasser.
H-ollunderbluthenwasser.
It is prepared from Elder Flowers, or from Concentrated
Elder Flower Water, like Chamomile Water.
It is somewhat cloudy.
Aqua Sambuci concentrata.
[CONCENTRATED ELDER FLOWER WATER].  Koncentrirtes
Flied erblumenwasser.
It is prepared from Elder Flowers, like Concentrated
Chamomile Water.
Aqua Tiliae.
[LINDEN FLOWER WATER].           Lindenbliithenwasser.
It is prepared from Linden Flowers, or Concentrated Linden
Flower Water, like Chamomile Water.
It should be clear.
Aqua Tilix concentrata.
[CONCENTRATED LINDEN FLOWER WATER]. Koncentrirtes
Lindenbliithenwasser.
It is prepared from Linden Flowers, like Concentrated
Chamomile Water.




31
Aqua Valerianae.
[VALERIAN WATER].                         Baldrianwasser.
It is prepared from Valerian Root, like Curled-mint Water.
It should be clear, and redden blue test-paper.
Aqua vulneraria spirituosa.
[WHITE ARQUEBUSADE].                Weisse Arquebusade.
[Spirituous Vulnerary Water]. Aqua tulneraria vinosa.
Take of Peppermint,.......   1
Rosemary Leaves,......   1
Rue Leaves,......   1
Sage Leaves,.......   1
Wormwood,.......   1
Lavender Flowers, each, one part.               1
Cut them and macerate for two days in
Diluted Alcohol eighteen parts,.              18
Common Water fifty parts....  50
Then draw off by distillation thirty-six parts...  36
It is cloudy, aind of a strongly aromatic odor.
Argentum foliatum.
[SILVER LEAF].                                Blattsilber.
It should be as free as possible from other metals.
Argentum nitricum crystallisatum.
[CRYSTALLIZED NITRATE OF SILVER].  Krystallisirtes salpetersaures Silberoxyd.
In colorless, four or six-sided plates; permanent in the air;
wholly soluble in water, alcohol, and ether.  They form
a colorless solution with water of ammonia. When heated
on charcoal, with the blowpipe, they first melt, then deflagrate, and are finally converted into a globule of pure silver.
The aqueous solution, after the complete precipitation of
silver, by means of hydrochloric acid, then filtered and evaporated, must yield no residue.
It should be cautiously preserved in a blackened, wellstopped bottle.




32
Argentum  nitricum  fusum.
[FUSED  NITRATE OF SILVER].    Geschniolzenes salpetersaures Silberoxyd.
[Lunar Caustic]. Rollenstein. Lapis infernalis.
It is white or grayish-white, solid, and exhibits a radiated
fracture. It is completely soluble in ten parts of alcohol.
With water of ammonia it forms a perfectly colorless solution.
It has the chemical properties of crystallized nitrate of silver.
It should be cautiously preserved in a blackened, wellstopped bottle.
Argentum  nitricum  cum  Kali nitrico.
[NITRATED LUNAR CAUSTIC]. Salpeterhaltiger liillenstein.
Argenturm nitricumn fusum mitigatum.
Lapis infernalis nitratus.
Take of Crystallized Nitrate of Silver one part,..    1
Nitrate of Potassium  two parts....    2
Mix by rubbing them together; melt the mixture in a porcelain vessel, and pour it into proper moulds.
In white, solid sticks, showing scarcely a crystalline fracture. One hundred parts, dissolved in water and mixed with
hydrochloric acid in large excess, should yield no less than
twenty-seven parts, well dried, chloride of silver.
It should be cautiously preserved in a blackened, wellstopped bottle.
Argilla.
[ALUMINA].                                                Thou.
[White Bole]. Weisser Bolus. Bolus alba.
A whitish, cohesive, friable earth, tenacious when moist,
but it disintegrates in water; consisting principally of pure
alumina.
When hydrochloric acid is poured upon it, but very little
effervescence should be produced.* It should be free from
sand.
* Dr. Buchner, in his German translation, says: "It effervesces but very little with
hydrochloric acid," and Dr. Hager, in his, says: "It must not effervesce at all." Latin
text-"Acido hydrochlorico affuso minime effervescat."




33
Asa fNetida.
[ASSAFETIDA].                                 Stinkasant.
Gummi-resina Asa fcetida. Teufelsdreck.
Scorodosma ftetidum Bunge. Ferula Asa feetida Linn.
In separate, or more or less conglutinated tears, or in
irregular masses. The surface of freshly broken pieces is
whitish, opaline, with a waxy lustre, assuming a purplish
color in a short time, and ultimately changing to a dirty
brown. Assafetida becomes sticky between the fingers, and
has a very disagreeable, garlicky odor, and an unpleasant
taste. When triturated with water, it produces a gray emulsion; it is but partially soluble in alcohol. Dark masses,
and those containing stones and other impurities, should be
rejected.
Assafetida should be powdered during frosty weather, and
separated from impurities by means of a sieve.
Atropinum.
[ATROPIA].                                       Atropin.
A crystalline, yellowish-white powder, of a peculiar taste
and alkaline reaction; soluble in about three hundred parts
of cold water, more readily in boiling water. and in alcohol.
It yields with concentrated sulphuric acid a colorless solution,
which, after some time, becomes yellowish; with nitric acid
it forms a yellowish, and ultimately a colorless solution. When
placed on a platinum foil, and exposed to heat, it emits a
white vapor, of a peculiar odor, and is wholly dissipated.
Even a highly diluted solution of Atropia will dilate the
pupil of the eye.
It should be very cautiously preserved.
Atropinum sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF ATROPIA].           Schwefelsaures Atropin.
A crystalline, white, neutral powder, of a bitter taste,
readily soluble in water, and alcohol. One part, dissolved in
one thousand parts of water, has a bitter, nauseous taste, and
dilates the pupil of the eye.
When exposed to heat on a platinum foil, it is decomposed,
and wholly dissipated, while emitting an acrid vapor. It
gives in general the reaction of Atropia.
It should be very cautiously preserved.




34
Auro-Natrium chloratum.
[CHLORIDE OF GOLD AND SODIUM].   Chlorgoldnatrium.
Aurum chloratum s. muriaticum natronatum.
Take of Pure Gold sixty-five parts....  65
Dissolve it in
Nitro-muriatic Acid two hundred and sixty parts. 260
Evaporate the solution, by the heat of a steam-bath,
until a small quantity, taken out, solidifies on cooling.
Then add of
Chloride of Sodium, in powder, one hundred parts, 100
and, while stirring constantly, reduce to a dry state by means
of the steam-bath.
It forms an orange-yellow powder, slightly deliquescent in
the air, wholly soluble in water.  When it is fully washed
with alcohol on a filter, there will be left a residue of nearly
one-half, which is insoluble in the alcohol. It should contain
fifty per cent. of chloride of gold (Au C13).
Preserve it cautiously in glass-stoppered bottles.
Aurum foliatum.
[GOLD LEAF].                                  Blattgold.
It is insoluble in nitric acid. The nitric acid, having been
in contact with the gold, must not become colored by the
addition of water of ammonia in excess.
Balsamum Copaivae.
[BALSAM OF COPAIBA].                    Kopaivabalsam.
Copaifera multijuga Hayne, and other species of Copaifera.
A strongly odorous, pellucid, yellowish or brownish-yellow
liquid, of the consistence of a fixed oil, having a somewhat
bitter and acrid taste. When evaporated, it does not diffuse
the odor of oil of turpentine, and it leaves a friable resin as a
residue.




35
Balsamum Peruvianum.
[BALSAM  OF PERU].                           Perubalsam.
Balsamum Peruvianurn nigrnum. Balsamum Indicum.
Myroxylon Sonsonatense Klotzsch.
A dark-brown liquid, showing a purplish-brown color in thin
layers when viewed by transmitted light; it is greasy to the
touch, non-drying in the air, of a syrupy consistence, and
has an acid reaction; specific gravity of from  1.15 to 1.16;
having a pleasant vanilla-like odor, and a somewhat bitter
taste; producing a persistent acrid impression in the throat.
It is almost wholly soluble in six parts of alcohol, forming a
cloudy solution; it yields no essential oil by distillation in
water.
One thousand parts of the balsam should neutralize seventyfive parts of crystallized carbonate of sodium.
It is not miscible with a large bulk of a fixed oil, but easily
so with an essential oil. When mixed with an equal weight
of concentrated sulphuric acid, it becomes heated, and, after
cooling and washing it with water, hardens entirely into a
compact mass, to which must adhere no fatty matter, occasioned by the admixture of balsam of copaiba or castor oil.
Balsamum Tolutanum.
[BALSAM OF TOLU].                            Tolubalsam.
Balsamum de Totu.
Myroxylon toluiferum Humboldt, Bonpland et Kunth (Myrosper.
mum toluiferum Richard).
A resinous mass; in the recent state it is soft, translucent,
yellow or yellowish, of the consistence of (European) turpentine; by age it turns to a brownish color, and ultimately
becomes quite brown, solid, and sometimes crystalline. It
has a fragrant odor, and an aromatic, somewhat sweetish
taste. It is soluble in acetone, alcohol, chloroform, and solution of caustic potassa, but insoluble in benzine, or bisulphide
of carbon.




36
Baryum chloratum.
[CHLORIDE OF BARIUM].                       Chlorbaryum.
iBaryta mntriatica.
In colorless, translucent, rhomboidal, tabular or lanmellar
crystals; permanent in the air; soluble in two and a half
parts of cold water, and in one and a half parts of boiling
water. The aqueous solution- is colorless, and has no effect
on test-paper; it is copiously precipitated by nitrate of silver,
and diluted sulphuric acid, but it is not rendered turbid by
hydrosulphate of ammonium, or hydrosulphuric acid.
Alcohol, shaken with the powdered crystals, must not take
up a deliquescent salt, nor burn with a red flame.
Benzinum.
[BENZINE].                                         Benzin.
Benzitnutm _Petrolei.
A transparent, colorless liquid, of a peculiar odor, produced
in the distillation of American petroleum. It is very slightly
soluble in water,* freely soluble in alcohol and ether; specific
gravity of from 0.680 to 0.700; boils between 600 and 800 C.,
and is very inflammable. It should not be mixed with benzole, procured by the dry distillation of stone-coal, which is
detected by the method used for testing petroleum-naphtha.
Benzoe.
[BENZOIN].                                        Benzoe.
Resina Benzoe.
Styrax Benzoin Dryander. (Benzoin officinale EHayne).
Either in agglutinated, shining tears, externally of a yellowish-brown or reddish-brown color, and internally milkwhite; or in solid, reddish-brown masses, interspersed with
paler tears. Benzoin has a very agreeable, vanilla-like odor.
Care should be taken that it be not adulterated with a
resin, commonly called Penang or Sumatra Benzoin, which
consists of numerous. whitish, opaque pieces, imbedded in a
scanty, pale-brown mass. Sumatra Benzoin has the odor of
styrax, and, when boiled with milk of lime, on the addition
of permanganate of potassium, exhales the odor of oil of'
bitter almonds.
* " Not at all soluble in water."-DR. HAGER, Ger. Transl.
"Very slightly soluble in water."-DR. BUCHNER, (Ger. Transl.




37
Bismuthum subnitricum.
[SUBNITRATE OF BISMUTH]. Basisches salpetersaures Wismuthoxyd.
Bismuthum hydrico-nitricum. Magisterium Bismuthi.
Take of' Pure Nitric Acid nine parts.                  9
Introduce it into a glass retort, and add gradually of
Bismuth, coarsely powdered, two parts,..   2
and facilitate the process of solution towards the end by a
gentle heat. When nitrous fumes no longer escape, add Distilled Water, in amount equal to one-half of the solution, or
until a white precipitate begins to fall. After the subsidence
of the precipitate, decant and evaporate the supernatant
liquid to the point of crystallization, or until it be three times
the weight of the metal employed. Of the crystals, which
have been washed with a small quantity of water, acidulated
with a little nitric acid, and carefully triturated, take one part,
mix it withfour parts of Distilled Water, and pour the mixture
into a vessel containing twenty-oneparts of Hot Distilled Water,
and stir briskly. Collect the resulting precipitate, immediately after cooling, on a filter, wash sparingly with water,
and dry it at a temperature not exceeding 300 C.
It is a very white, crystalline powder, which, when moistened with water, reddens blue test-paper. It is dissolved by
nitric or hydrochloric acid, without effervescence, forming a
clear solution.
The solution formed by the action of nitric acid, and somewhat diluted with water, is not rendered turbid by nitrate of
silver, nitrate of barium, or diluted sulphuric acid.
If the powder be boiled with ten times its weight of
diluted acetic acid, and the solution wholly precipitated
by hydrosulphuric acid and filtered; the filtrate should leave
no residue when evaporated in a porcelain capsule. When
heated with solution of caustic potassa, in excess, the resulting
liquid should emit no ammonia, and, if then diluted with
water, and filtered, should not become turbid with hydrosulphuric acid. To test it for arsenious acid: heat the preparation with an equal weight of concentrated sulphuric acid,
until all nitric acid is dissipated; then dilute it with six times
its quantity of water, and proceed as with pure hydrochloric
acid.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
4




38
Bismuthum valerianicum.
[VALERIANATE OF BISMUTH]. Baldriansaures Wismuthoxyd.
Take of Subnitrate of Bismuth thirty-two parts.        32
Rub it in a porcelain mortar with a small quantity of
distilled water until it is reduced to a very soft pulp,
then add it to a solution made with
Pure Carbonate of sodium twelve parts,..  12
Distilled Water thirty parts,....  30
previously mixed with
Valerianic Acid nine parts,....   9
digest for an hour, at a gentle heat, stirring occasionally, then
collect the precipitate on a filter upon cooling, wash with
cold water, and dry it on a tile in a moderately warm place.
It forms a white powder, having the odor of valerianic acid.
It is insoluble in water, but soluble in hydrochloric acid, and
in nitric acid. The solution produced by nitric acid is not
rendered turbid by chloride of barium, or nitrate of silver.
A gramme of the powder, repeatedly moistened with nitric
acid, yields, on being exposed to heat, about 0.79 of a
gramme of oxide of bismuth.
Borax.
[BORAX. BORATE OF SODIUM].                        Borax.
[Biborate of Sodium]. Natrum biboricum s. biboracicum.
In white, hard, crystalline pieces, or prismatic crystals;
soluble in from twelve to fifteen parts of cold water, and in
two parts of boiling water, yielding a colorless solution, which
turns yellow test-paper brown. The solution of borax is not
affected by hydrosulphuric acid, or carbonate of sodium, nor,
on being further diluted with water, rendered turbid by chloride of barium, or nitrate of silver. If a slight precipitate
should be produced, it disappears on the addition of nitric acid.




39
Bromum.
[BROMINE].                                         Brom.
A blackish-red liquid, recognized by its sharp, peculiar chlorine-like odor. Its specific gravity is between 2.95 and 3.00.
It boils between 58~ and 63~ C., and gives off, even at ordinary temperatures, yellowish-red fumes, affecting the eyes
and lungs dangerously. It is soluble in thirty parts of water.
Alcohol and ether dissolve bromine freely. It is entirely dissolved by solution of caustic soda; the resulting liquid,
mixed with fuming nitric acid, in slight excess, must not
communicate a violet color to bisulphide of carbon when
shaken together.
It should be cautiously preserved in a tightly-fitting, glassstoppered bottle, which must be inclosed in another larger
glass or metallic vessel.
Bulbus Scillae.
[SQUILL].                                   Meerzwiebel.
Scilla maritima Linn. (Urgilnea Scilla Steinheit).
The inner scales of the bulb, cut in pieces, which, on drying,
become horny in appearance; they are translucent, whitish,
and have a mucilaginous, nauseous, bitter taste.
Brown, tough or moist scales should be rejected.
Cadmium sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF CADMIUM]. Schwefelsaures Kadmiumoxyd.
In colorless, transparent, prismatic crystals, efflorescent in
the air, and readily soluble in water.
A solution in water, acidulated with a small quantity of
hydrochloric acid, throws down a lemon-yellow precipitate
on the addition of hydrosulphuric acid, which precipitate is
not soluble in water of ammonia. After a complete precipitation, in this manner, the (supernatant) filtered liquid leaves
no residue on evaporation.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.




40
Calcaria carbonica praecipitata.
[PRECIPITATED  CARBONATE OF CALCIUM].  Pricipitirter
Kohlensaurer Kalk.
[Precipitated Carbonate of Lime].
A white, crystalline powder, insoluble in water, wholly
soluble, with effervescence, in diluted acetic acid, hydrochloric
acid, or nitric acid.
When shaken with distilled water, the filtrate should
exhibit but a slight cloudiness with nitrate of silver, and
leave no residue on evaporation.
Calcaria chlorata.
[CHLORINATED LIME.  CHLORIDE OF LIME].    Chlorkalk.
Calcaria hypochlorosa. Calx chlorata.
A white or grayish-white powder, of a moderately strong
chlorine odor; but partially soluble in water, leaving a residue of hydrate of lime. With hydrochloric acid an abundance of chlorine gas is developed.
When one hundred parts of chloride of lime, triturated
with water, are mixed with an aqueous solution, containing one
hundred and ninety-six (196) parts of pure protosulphate of
iron, and then gradually mixed and shaken with hydrochloric
acid, a liquid is formed, which, when filtered, should contain
no protoxide of iron, and give, therefore, no blue color with
ferridcyanide of potassium. The chloride of lime, consequently, contains no less than twenty-five per cent. of active
chlorine.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels, protected from
the light.




41
Calcaria phosphorica.
[PHOSPHATE OF CALCIUM.   PHOSPHATE OF LIME].
Phosphorsaure Kalkerde.
Take of Native Carbonate of Lime twenty parts,..  20
dissolve it in
Pure hydrochloric Acid,...            50
Distilled Water, each, fifty parts,           50
allow it to settle for several hours, pour off the clear
liquid, and, if contaminated with iron, add of
Chloride of Lime one part,..   1
which has been rubbed to a paste with water. Let the
mixture digest for several hours, then add of
Water of Ammonia about two parts,.   2
so that it be in slight excess. To the filtered liquid add,
while stirring, of
Phosphate of Sodium fifty parts,...  50
dissolved in
Distilled Water three hundred parts... 300
Collect the resulting precipitate, after several hours, on a
filter, wash well with water, and dry it at a gentle heat.
It forms a light, dazzling white powder, insoluble in water;
slightly soluble in water contair.ing carbonic acid. It dissolves with difficulty, or but partially, in acetic acid, without
effervescence, and wholly in nitric acid, also without the
escape of gas; the latter solution is rendered but slightly
turbid by nitrate of silver, but no cloudiness is produced with
chloride of barium, and, after the addition of water of ammonia
in excess, a white, but in no case colored, precipitate should
be produced by hydrosulphate of ammonium.
Calcaria sulfurica usta.
[CALCINED GYPSUM].                    Gebrannter Gyps.
[Plaster of Paris]. Gypsum ustum.
A white, amorphous powder; when made into a paste with
half its weight of' water, the mixture becomes solid in a few
minutes.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
4*




42
Calcaria usta.
[BURNT LIMEB].                         Gebrannter Kalk.
Calcaria. Calxo via.
A dense, white mass, which, when moistened with about
half its weight of water, becomes strongly heated, and falls
into a white powder; with a larger quantity of water it forms
a thick paste. This paste should dissolve in dilute nitric acid,
almost without effervescence, leaving only a small portion
undissolved; and the solution, neutralized with water of ammonia, must not be affected, or but slightly so, by hydrosulphate of ammonium.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Camphora.
[CAMPHOR].                                     Kampfer.
Camphora offieinarum Nees. (Laurus Camphora Linn).
In white, pellucid masses, which break in irregular, angular,
lamellar pieces, having a shining appearance, and tough consistence; becoming friable when sprinkled with alcohol.
Camphor occurs in commerce in circular cakes, convex above
and concave on their lower surface. It has a peculiar, penetrating, fragrant odor, and leaves a cooling sensation on the
tongue. When heated, it melts, volatilizes, and burns with a
bright flame, producing a dense smoke. It is insoluble in
water, freely soluble in alcohol, ether, acetic acid, and in the
fixed and essential oils.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Cantharides.
[CANTHARIDES].                        Spanische Fliegen.
[Spanish Flies]. Canthariden. JIusce Hispaniewe.
Lytta vesicatoria Fabricius.
Shining, golden-green beetles (coleoptera), from one and a
half to three centimetres in length, furnished with black, filiform antennae; having an unpleasant odor.
They may be gathered in June and July, and should be
quickly and thoroughly dried, and cautiously preserved in
well-closed vessels.




43
Carbo animalis.
[ANIMAL CHARCOAL].                            Thierkohle.
Fleischkohle.  Carbo Carnis.
Veal, freed of its fat and cut in small pieces, with about
one-third part of small bones, is roasted in a suitable covered
vessel as long as -inflammable vapors escape. The residue,
when cold, is reduced to powder, and preserved in a closed
glass vessel.
A brownish-black powder of little luster, and scarcely any
empyreumatic odor, burning without flame when exposed to a
red heat; partially soluble in hydrochloric acid; the resulting
liquid, when filtered, on the addition of water of ammonia,
yields a precipitate of phosphate of calcium.
Carbo pulveratus.
[PREPARED CHARCOAL].                           Holzkohle.
Carbo prceparatus.
Charcoal, made of light wood, is heated so long as it yields
smoke and flame, and is then put into a closed vessel where
the fire is extinguished. It is freed from ashes, and, while
still warm, reduced to a very fine powder, which is immediately inclosed tightly in a vessel, in which it is preserved.
A black, dry, tasteless powder, which, when heated, burns
without flame.
Carboneum sulfuratum.
[BISULPHIDE OF CARBON].              Schwefelkohlenstoff.
Alcohol sulfuris.
A colorless liquid, of high refracting power, having a strong,
peculiar odor. It is scarcely soluble in water, freely in alcohol, ether and the oils; of the specific gravity 1.272. It
boils at a temperature of 460 C., is very volatile, and when
ignited, burns with a blue flame, producing carbonic and sulphurous acids.
It should not affect test-paper, moistened with water. A
solution of acetate of lead, shaken with bisulphide of carbon,
should not be colored.
It should be preserved in well-closed bottles, in a cold place.




44
Caricae.
[FIGS].                                           Feigen.
Fructus Caricce. lFici.
Ficus Carica Linn.
Consisting of fleshy, pear-shaped receptacles, with umbilicated apex, and filled with innumerable, very small, stony
fruits (seeds). Figs have an agreeable, sweet taste.
Large, very fleshy, and very sweet-commonly termed
Smyrna figs-should be selected. Dry, dark and nearly tasteless, or sourish, harsh or worm-eaten figs should be rejected.
Carrageen.
[IRISH  MOSS].                         Irliandisches Moos.
Perlmoos. Knorpeltang. Caragaheen. Pucus crispus.
Chondrus crispus Iyngbye; (Fucnus crispus Linn.), etc.
A flat or curled dichotomous thallus, with linear or wedgeshaped lobes; when dried it is cartilaginous, and of a yellowish-white color. A decoction gelatinizes on cooling.
Caryophylli.
[CLOVES].                                 Gewiirznelken.
Caryophylli aromatici.
Caryophyllus aromaticus Linn.
The flower buds with a nearly four-cornered, cylindrical,
glandular calyx tube; calyx four-parted, supporting a closed,
nearly globular, caducous corolla, which incloses the sexual
organs. Cloves have a brown color, and a very strong, aromatic odor, and when chewed produce a strong, burning sensation in the mouth.
Cloves should be heavy, of greater gravity than water, and,
when pressed between the fingers, give out an essential oil.
Sour, pale, and shriveled cloves should be rejected.




45
Castoreum Canadense.
[CANADA CASTOR]                    Canadisches Bibergeil.
Castoreum Anglicum vel Americanum.
Castor Americanus Cuvier.
The sacs are similar to those of the Siberian Castor;
furnished externally with closely attached, inseparable membranes, filled with a resinous, somewhat hard mass, having a
shining fracture, and a weak odor.
Care should be taken that they be not confounded with
factitious sacs, which consist of a resin, covered with a membrane.
Castoreum  Sibiricum.
[SIBERIAN OR RUSSIAN CASTOR].   Sibirisches Bibergeil.
Ca8toreum lfloscoviticum, Rossicum, Polonicum, Germanicum, Europa3um.
Castor Fiber Linn.
Consisting frequently of two, more or less connected, glabrous, obovate, dark-brown sacs; having two exterior, rather
thick, easily separable membranes, and two interior, thinner,
and laminated ones, which traverse the cavity containing the
castor. Recent castor is a thick, yellowish-brown, somewhat
unctuous mass; when dry it becomes brown, opaque, friable,
and effervesces with acids; it has a strong, peculiar odor.
Catechu.
[CATECHU].                                       Katechiu.
Pegu-Catechtc. Terra Japoniua.
Acacia Catechu Wildenow.
In irregular masses, covered and interspersed with leaves;
externally of a dark liver-color, and internally of a uniform,
dark-brown; porous and shining; inodorous, and of a somewhat bitter and a very astringent taste; soluble, partially, in
water, and wholly in alcohol.
The so-called Gambir Catechu, in cubic pieces, and of a darkbrown color, with a dull, yellowish, earthy fracture; or in
masses, not colored uniformly, but partially I'ver-brown, and
partially dark-brown, with a dark, dull, earthy fracture, is to
be rejected. And also the Catechu which is prepared from
the seeds of Areca Catechu Linn., which occurs in circular, flat
cakes, dark-brown and shining internally, and strewn with
rice chaff on the surface.




46
Cera alba.
[WHITE WAX].                                 Weisses Wachs.
In white, brittle pieces; translucent in thin laminae; of the
specific gravity 0.97, not melting under a temperature of 630
or 640 C., otherwise, having the properties of yellow wax.
Care should be taken that it be not adulterated with paraffin, stearic acid, Japan or vegetable wax, or other fatty
substances.
Cera flava.
[YELLOW  WAX].                                 Gelbes Wachs.
Cera citrina.
Apis mellifica Linn.
In a more or less yellowish mass, breaks with a granular
surface, softens by the heat of the hand, of a peculiar honeylike odor, having the specific gravity 0.96, melting at a temperature of 620 or 630 C., soluble in twenty parts of ether at
a temperature of 150 C.
When thrown upon red-hot coal, the wax should not emit
vapors of a fatty odor. It is wholly soluble in oil of turpentine. Shaken with cold, diluted alcohol, the filtrate should
leave no resin, when evaporated.
Ceratum AEruginis.
[GREEN  CERATE].                              Griines Wachs.
Grunspancerat.  Ceratum viride.  Enplastrum viride.
Take of Yellow Wax twelve parts,.                           12
Burgundy Pitch sixparts,.....    6
Turpentine* four parts.....    4
Melt them at a gentle heat, strain and diligently mix
w-ith
Verdigris, finely powdered, one part.                1
Pour the pantially-cooled mass into paper capsules.t
The cerate has a deep-green color.
* See Terebinthina.
t Small paper moulds, made by turning up the four edges of rectangular pieces of paper, to form the plaster in flat, square or rectangular cakes, which are sometimes cut into
still smaller pieces after being removed.




47
Ceratum Cetacei.
[SPERMACETI CERATE].                        Walrathcerat.
Jmplastrum Spermatis Ceti.  Ceratum labiale album.
Take of White Wax,.......   2
Spermaceti, each, two parts,.   2
[Expressed] Oil of Almonds three parts..   3
Melt them at a gentle heat, and pour the mass into paper
capsules, and when cold, cut it into square cakes.
It should be white and free from rancidity.
Ceratum Cetacei rubrum.
[RED LIP SALVE].                   Rothe Lippenpomade.
Ceratum labiale rubrum.
Take of [Expressed] Oil of Almonds ninety parts,.      90
Alkanet Root four parts......   4
Digest until the oil has assumed a bright color, then strain
and add of
White Wax sixty parts,.....  60
Spermaceti ten parts.......  10
Melt in a proper vessel, add of'
Oil of Bergamot,......   1
Oil of Lemon, each, one part,....   1
and pour the mass into paper capsules.
It should be red and free from rancidity.
Ceratum  Myristica.
[NUTMEG CERATE].                           Muskatbalsam.
[Nutmeg Balsam]. Balsamum Nuoiste,.
Take of Yellow Wax one part,.....   1
Olive Oil two parts,......   2
Oil of Nutmeg six parts......   6
Melt and pour the mass into paper capsules.
The cerate should have an orange-yellow color, and an
aromatic odor.




48
Ceratum Resinae Pini.
[YELLOW  CERATE.  RESIN CERATE].             Gelbes Cerat.
Ceratum Piois. Ceratum Resinae Burgundica. Ceratum s. Emplastrum
citrinum.
Take of Yellow Wax four parts,.....   4
Burgundy Pitch two parts,....   2
Suet,.....            1
Turpentine, each, one part..                  1
Melt and pour the mass into paper capsules.
Resin Cerate is tenacious and of a yellow color.
Cerussa.
[WHITE LEAD].                                    Bleiweiss.
Plumbum carbonicum s. hydrico-carbonicum.
A very white, heavy mass, partially pulverulent, adhering
to the fingers, insoluble in water, but wholly soluble with
effervescence in diluted nitric or acetic acid.
The solution produced by diluted acetic acid, yields a brown
precipitate with hydrosulphuric acid; the filtrate must not
be rendered turbid by carbonate of sodium.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Cetaceum.
[SPERMACETI].                  CWalrath.
Sperma Ceti.
Physeter maerocephalus Linn, and other species of Physeter.
In irregular, very white, glistening, semi-translucent, foliated
masses, unctuous to the touch, of a feeble odor, and insipid
taste; specific gravity of from 0.94 to 0.95, melting between
450 and 50~ C., soluble in warm alcohol and ether.
Rancid or yellowish spermaceti should be rejected.
Cetaceum saccharatum.
[SACCHARATED SPERMACETI].                  Walrathzucker.
Praparirter Watrath. Cetaceum cum Saccharo. Cetaceum prceparatum.
Take of Spermaceti one part,.                            1
Sugar, best white, powdered, three parts,.   3
Mix, and rub them carefully into a very fine powder.




49
Charta nitrata.
[SALTPETER-PAPER].                       Salpeterpapier.
Take of Nitrate of Potassium one part,....   1
dissolve it in
Distilled Water four parts..   4
Soak bibulous paper in the solution and then dry it.
Charta resinosa.
[ANTI-RHEUMATIC PAPER].                     Gichtpapier.
Charta antirrheumatica 8. antarthritica.
Take of Black Pitch,.......   6
Turpentine, each, six parts,....   6
Yellow Wax, four parts,.....   4
Resin (Colophony) ten parts.                  10
Melt them together at a gentle heat, strain carefully, and
spread the mass on paper.
It forms a brown, shining, adhesive plaster.
Chininum.
[QUINIA].                                        Chinin.
[Quinine].
An amorphous, white, very bitter powder, of an alkaline
reaction, soluble in one thousand and two hundred parts of
cold water, in two hundred and fifty parts of boiling water,
more readily soluble in alcohol, less so in ether. When heated
in water, it melts and attaches itself to the sides of the vessel.
It is readily charred by heat and burns without residue. It
dissolves easily in water, acidulated with sulphuric acid, which
solution, though greatly diluted, is fluorescent. When this
solution is mixed, first with chlorine water, and afterwards
with water of ammonia in considerable excess, it changes to
a green color.
Quinia or salts of quinia, treated with concentrated sulphuric acid, must not assume a red color. When heated with
milk of lime, no ammoniacal odor should be evolved.
Dissolved in any diluted acid, on the addition of water of
ammonia, it throws down a precipitate which disappears if
ether be immediately added and the mixture shaken; and the
liquid separates in two perfectly transparent layers.
5




50
Chinium bisulfuricum.
[BISULPHATE OF QUINIA]. Saures Schwefelsaures Chinin.
Chininum sulfuriocum acidum.
In prismatic, white, shining crystals, of a very bitter taste,
soluble in eight or ten parts of water, and in two parts of alcohol, giving an acid reaction.
It is tested like quinia to ascertain its purity.
Chininum ferro-citricum.
[CITRATE OF IRON AND QUINIA].             Citronensaures
Eisen-Chinin.
Take of Citric Acid six parts,......   6
dissolve it in
Distilled Water one hundred parts,... 100
and add of
Powdered Iron three parts,...3
which is dissolved at a gentle heat, and when no more hydrogen gas escapes, the solution is filtered. Evaporate the
filtrate to one-fourth its weight and add of
Quinia one part,.......   1
and evaporate the liquid to the consistence of a syrup, and
spread it, by means of a brush, on plates of glass or porcelain,
and dry it in a moderately warm place.
It forms shining, transparent, reddish-brown scales, of a
very bitter, ferruginous taste; readily soluble in water and
and sparingly so in alcohol. An aqueous solution throws down
a dark-blue precipitate on the addition both of ferrocyanide
and ferridcyanide of potassium.
Chininum hydrochloricum.
[HYDROCHLORATE OF QUINIA.          MURIATE OF QUINIA].
Salzsaures Chinin.
Chininum hydrochloratum s. muriaticum.
In white crystals of a silky lustre, frequently deposited in
tufts; of a very bitter taste; soluble in about twenty parts of
cold water, and in from two to three parts of alcohol.
A solution made with one part of the salt and one hundred
parts of water, must not be rendered cloudy, in the least, by
sulphuric acid, and but very slightly so by chloride of barium.
It is tested like quinia to ascertain its purity.




51
Chininum sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF QUINIA].             Schwefelsaures Chinin.
In snow-white, flexible and very tender, acicular crystals;
of a silky lustre. Sulphate of quinia has a very bitter taste;
it is soluble in about eight hundred parts of cold water, in
thirty parts of boiling water, and in sixty parts of alcohol,
and readily soluble in acidulated water, but of difficult solution in ether.
Twenty cubic centimetres of distilled water, at a temperature of 150 C., are poured upon two grammes of sulphate of
quinia, in a cylindrical glass vessel, and thoroughly shaken, so
that an emulsion-like liquid is produced. After a maceration
of half an hour at a temperature of 15~ C., the liquid is filtered. Five cubic centimetres of this filtrate are introduced
into a test tube, and seven cubic centimetres of water of ammonia cautiously poured upon them, avoiding the mixing of
the liquids as much as possible; if the tube be now closed
with the finger and gently turned, there should be formed immediately, or after a short time, a perfectly clear liquid.
It is tested further like quinia to ascertain fully its purity.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Ohininum tannicum.
[TANNATE OF QUINIA].                  Gerbsaures Chinin.
Take of Sulphate of Quinia one part..   1
Dissolve it with a few drops of diluted sulphuric acid in
Distilled Water thirty parts,....  30
and add gradually a solution, previously made, of
Tannic Acid three parts,.....   3
Cold Water thirty parts....         30
Let the precipitate subside in a cool place, collect it on a filter, wash with a small quantity of water, and dry it at a very
gentle heat.
A yellowish, amorphous powder, of a peculiar odor and bitter, astringent taste. It dissolves sparingly in alcohol, and
very sparingly in water. In hot water it melts into a mass.




52
Chininum valerianicum.
[VALERIANATE OF QUINIA].          Baldriansaures Chinin.
In white, shining crystals, of a very bitter taste, having a
weak odor of valerianic acid; they are neutral to test-paper
and dissolve in about one hundred parts of cold water, in forty
parts of boiling water, and in six parts of alcohol; but dissolve with difficulty in ether. When dissolved in water and
mixed with diluted sulphuric acid, the solution becomes
fluorescent. The aqueous solution must not become turbid
with chloride of barium, or but very slightly so.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Chinoidinum.
[QUINOIDIN.  CHINOIDINE].                      Chinoidin.
Chinioideum.
A brown or dark-brown, brittle, resinoid mass, having a
conchoidal, shining fracture and a bitter taste; sparingly
soluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol, and in diluted acids.
It yields, when rubbed with boiling-hot water, a colorless
fltrate, which is not colored by solution of caustic potassa.
It leaves but a very small quantity of ashes after incineration.
Chloralum hydratum crystallisatum.
[HYDRATE OF CHLORAL].   Krystallisirtes Chloralhydrat.
In dry, transparent, colorless crystals, having an aromatic
odor, which, when the crystals are heated, becomes slightly
pungent. The taste is somewhat bitter and slightly acrid;
readily soluble in water, liberating no oily drops; also soluble in alcohol, ether, petroleum-naphtha, benzine, and in bisulphide of carbon. The crystals fuse at a temperature of
from 560 to 580 C., and solidify at about 150 C.; they boil and
are entirely volatilized at about 950 C.
Hydrate of Chloral, heated in solution of caustic po.tassa,
renders the same cloudy, but the solution soon becomes clear
on the separation of colorless chloroform. Heated with sulphuric acid, it is decomposed with the separation of chloral,
but the liquid must not become brown. An aqueous solution
is neutral to test paper, and, when acidulated with a little
nitric acid, must not throw down a precipitate of chloride
of silver, on the addition of nitrate of silver. It should not
become moist in the air.
Preserve it in well-closed vessels.




53
Chloroformium.
[CHLOROFORM].                                Chloroform.
Formylum trichloratum.
A transparent, colorless, and completely volatile liquid,
specific gravity of from 1.492 to 1.496, having a peculiar odor
and a sweetish taste; sparingly soluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol, ether, and the oils; boiling at a temperature
of 610 or 620 C.
Distilled water shaken with chloroform, must not change
blue test-paper, nor be rendered turbid by nitrate of silver.
When chloroform is dropped into a solution of iodide of
potassium, made with twenty times its weight of distilled
water, the solution must not turn red.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-stopped, blackened,
glass bottles.
Cinchoninum.
[CINcHONIA].                                  Cinchonin.
In white, often moderately thick, shining crystals, of an
alkaline reaction. They have an indifferent taste at first, but
afterwards peculiarly bitter; sparingly soluble iu water, more
freely in alcohol and chloroform; almost insoluble in ether.
They are charred and then wholly dissipated by heat.
Cinchonia is freely soluble in diluted acids. The acidulous
solutions show no fluorescence; if first treated with chlorine
water, and then with water of ammonia in excess, they are
not colored green; or, when shaken with water of ammonia,
and then with ether, the resulting precipitate of cinchonia,
is not redissolved.
Cinchoninum  sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF CINCHONIA].   Schwefelsaures Cinchonin.
In white, hard, prismatic crystals, of a very bitter taste,
soluble in about sixty parts of water, and in about seven parts
of alcohol; insoluble in ether, readily soluble in acidulated
water. The aqueous solution is slightly alkaline, otherwise it
gives the same reactions as the salts of cinchonia.
5*




54
Coccionella.
[COCHINEAL].                                 Cochenille.
Coccus Cacti Linn.
In egg-shaped grains, flat or concave beneath, convex above,
marked with transverse wrinkles. They are of a dark-purple
or gray color, and are dusted with a white powder. They
yield a dark-red powder, and impart a red color to alcohol.
The fraudulent admixture of lead may be detected when
cochineal is triturated with water.
Codeinum.
[CoDEIA].                                        Codein.
In white or yellowish-white, often clearly defined rhombic
crystals, of an alkaline reaction and a bitter taste; when
boiled in water they melt before dissolving; soluble in eighty
parts of cold water, more readily soluble in alcohol, and ether;
they dissolve in the same proportion in water of ammonia as
in water; slightly soluble in solution of caustic p9tassa, and
readily so in diluted acids. With concentrated sulphuric acid
they yield a colorless solution, which turns blue on the addition of very little solution of sesquichloride of iron. Codeia
is charred and then entirely dissipated by heat.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed bottles.
Coffeinum.
[CAFFEINE].                                     Kaffein.
[Thein]. Theinurm.
In colorless, soft, flexible, generally quite long and delicate
crystals, of a silky lustre, having a bitter taste; soluble in
about one hundred parts of cold water, in one hundred and
sixty parts of absolute alcohol, and in three hundred parts of
ether. They are dissolved freely in boiling water, so that a
boiling saturated solution yields a soft crystalline mass upon
cooling. When heated with chlorine water, or mixed with
concentrated nitric acid, they are decomposed, and leave a
yellow mass on being evaporated at a gentle heat, which,
when moistened with water of ammonia, assumes a purplishred color. They are completely volatilized by heat.




Colla piscium.
[ISINGLASS].                                  Hausenblase.
Ichtlhyocolla.
Aeipenser Huso Linn., and of other species of Acipenser.
In horny membranes, consisting either of leaves, or rolls
twisted together in the form of a lyre; being tough and of a
whitish color, transparent, iridescent, insipid, and inodorous;
almost wholly soluble in boiling water, and boiling diluted
alcohol. The solution, upon cooling, forms a gelatinous mass.
Yellow, brown, and less soluble isinglass should be rejected.
Collodium.
[COLLODION].                                    Collodium.
Take of Cotton one part,......    1
Nitric Acid, of the specific gravity 1.420, seven
parts,........    7
Sulphuric Acid, of the specific gravity 1.833,
eight parts,.......   8
or, if a nitric acid of that specific gravity is not on hand,
take of
Nitric Acid, specific gravity of from  1.382 to
1.390, eight parts,....   8
Sulphuric Acid, of the specific gravity 1.833,
twenty parts.......  20
The nitric and sulphuric acids are mixed, the mixture
allowed to cool to the temperature of the air, the cotton is
then introduced, so as to saturate it with the acids, and the
whole is set aside from twelve to twenty-four hours. Then
remove the compact mass, wash thoroughly with distilled
water, express and dry it.
Agitate one part of this mass with a mixture of eighteen
parts of Ether and three parts of Alcohol, and, after repose,
pour off the clear liquid from the sediment.
Collodion is of a syrupy consistence, and should be preserved in well-stopped bottles.




56
Collodium cantharidatum.
[CANTHARIDAL COLLODION].  Blasenziehendes Collodium.
Collodium cantharidale. Collodium vesicans.
It is prepared like Collodion, but in place of ether, the
Cantharidal Ether, Agther cantharidatus, is used, which
is prepared in the following manner:
Take of Spanish Flies, in coarse powder, four parts,     4
Ether six parts...         6
After due maceration, the filtrate should consist of
four parts,.....   4
which should be preserved in a well-stopped bottle.
It forms a clear, brownish-green liquid.
Collodium elasticum.
[ELASTIC COLLODION].               Elastisches Collodium.
Collodium flexile.
Take of Collodion fifty parts,.                        50
Castor Oil one part.....       1
Mix by agitation.
Colophonium.
[RESIN].                                      Geigenharz.
[Colophony]. Kolophonium. Besina Colophonium.
A light yellow or yellowish-brown, translucent, brittle, very
friable resin; exhibiting a broad and flat conchoidal fracture;
nearly inodorous and tasteless, melting at a temperature of
135~ C.; readily soluble in alcohol, ether, and in the fixed
and essential oils.




Conchsae praeparatee.
[PREPARED OYSTER SHELLS].  Praiparirte Austerschalen.
Oyster shells are boiled in common water, and cleaned from
their impurities by means of a stiff brush, and are then well
washed, dried, and reduced to an impalpable powder.
Prepared oyster shells form a white and very fine powder,
which effervesces with hydrochloric acid; the resulting solution yields but a slight precipitate with water of ammonia.
Coniinum.
[CONIA.  CONIINE].                                Coniin.
A colorless or yellowish, oily liquid, of a peculiar, penetrating odor, having the specific gravity 0.89; miscible in all
proportions with alcohol, ether, chloroform, and the oils. It
is soluble in one hundred parts of cold water.
The aqueous solution has an alkaline reaction, becoming
cloudy on warming, and regaining its limpidity on cooling. It
is readily soluble in water, acidulated with hydrochloric acid,
which solution must not yield a precipitate with bichloride
of platinum. Conia does not become turbid when heated; it
is entirely volatilized by heat.
It should be preserved very cautiously in well-closed vessels
protected from the light.
Cortex Cascarillae.
[CASCARILLA BARK].                        Kaskarillrinde.
Croton Eluteria; Croton Cascarilla Bennett.
A compact bark, consisting of longitudinally curved, or quilled
pieces, about two millimetres thick, having a thin periderm
(corky layer), white externally, with intersected, furrowed
fissures; this layer is often partially removed. The inner
bark is a little thicker, also fissured on the outside, of a reddish-brown color and horny fracture; the cross section is
marked with striated rays, collected in wedge-shaped bundles.
The bark when chewed produces a burning sensation in the
mouth; it has a bitter taste and aromatic odor.
The intermixed branches are to be rejected.




58
Cortex Chinae Calisayse.
[CALISAYA BARK.  YELLOW  CINCHONA].  Ialisayarinde.
Konigschina.  Cortex Chinwa regius.
Cinchona Calisaya Weddell.
The liber (inner bark) of the trunk; it is fiattish, of a reddishyellow color, from one to two centimetres in thickness, showing
on a transverse section, radially arranged bast-cells dissociated
by the (intercellular) parenchyma; having, on the exterior
surface, large, slightly conchoidal depressions with sharp margins, or being frequently covered, interruptedly, with hard,
cortical scales, consisting of alternate pale and dark layers.
It has a uniform fracture with very short and rigid fibres, and
a smooth interior surface, which, owing to protuding cellular
fibres, has a shining appearance.
The preference is given to the so-called Bolivian MonopolyBark. Calisaya Bark should not be confounded with the
yellow or red Pitaya bark,which is brought from New Grenada.
It should contain no less than two per cent. of cinchona
alkaloids.
Cortex Chinae fuscus.
[BROWN CINCHONA*].                   Braune Chinarinde.
[Pale Bark. Gray Bark].  China grisea.
Cinchona miecrantha Ruiz et Pavon, and of other species of
Cinchona.
The bark of the branches, nearly three millimetres in thickness, consisting of quills from the size of a goosequill to that
of the little finger, having in the middle layer a nearly black,
resinous circle; the fracture is smooth towards the exterior
surface, and fibrous inwardly.
The Huanuco bark, of a cinnamon color, exhibiting white
patches on the outer surface with numerous, longitudinal
fissures, being almost without transverse ones, and the Loxa
bark of a brown color, externally ash-gray, with numerous,
remote, transverse fissures, should have the preference, and be
employed. The inferior barks should be rejected; such as are
very smooth, or scaly wrinkled, externally, and have a liver
color, and such in which the resinous circle is wanting in the
middle layer, and the outer surface is of a dark color.
* Cinchona pallida, U. S. Pharmacopceia.




59
Cortex Chinae ruber.
[RED CINCHONA].                       Rothe Chinarinde.
Cinchona succirubra Pavon, and of other imperfectly described
species.
In flat, or somewhat curved or arched.pieces of bark, from
a half to two centimetres thick. The outer layer is of a
dark brownish-red color, covered with oval, warty protuberances, frequently furrowed longitudinally, being either of a
corky or compact consistence. The liber is thick, brownishred, and fibrous, having a splintery fracture, and, on a transverse section, the bast-cells are arranged radially in the
parenchyma.
The taste is astringent and very bitter, when the bark is
chewed. Thin, quilled, light and pale pieces are to be rejected.
The bark should not be confounded with Cinchona rubiginosa,
which is more fibrous and of almost an orange-red color.
Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae.
[CASSIA Bark].                             Zimmtkassie.
[Chinese Cinnamon]. Chinesischer Zimmt. Cortex Cinnamomi Chinensis.
Cinnamomum Cassia Blzume.
The inner bark of the branches, about one and a half millimetres thick, in single rolled quills, and of a yellowish-brown
color. The fibres, on the outer surface, are pale, scattered,
and rather indistinct. The fracture is nearly smooth, the odor
agreeable, and when the bark is chewed its taste is burning,
astringent, non-mucilaginous, and sweetish.
Cortex Cinnamomi Zeylanici.
[CEYLON CINNAMON].                         Zeylonzimmt.
Cinnamomum acutum. Cortex Cinnamomi acuti.
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Breyn; (Laurus Cinnamomum LXinn).
The inner bark of the younger branches, consisting of very
thin, brittle quills, several being rolled together; having a
pale yellowish-brown color, and exhibiting on the outer surface conspicuous, scattered, pale fibres. It has a closely
fibrous fracture, a strong, peculiar, fragrant odor, and sweet
taste; producing a burning sensation when chewed, being
only slightly astringent.




60
Cortex Frangulae.
[EUROPEAN BUCKTHORN].                    Faulbaumrinde.
[European Black Alder]. Cortex Rhamni Frangulce.
Rhamnus Frangula Linn.
A quilled bark, about one millimetre in thickness, gray or
brownish-gray externally, with'small, white, warty protuberances, which are generally lengthened transversely. The old
bark is slightly fissured, covered with a very thin corky layer,
which is separable in scales, and of a purplish color on the
inside. The bark is internally brownish-yellow; it has a
smooth, reddish-brown inner surface, and a fibrous fracture;
the fibres are of a lemon-yellow color.
The bark of the younger trunks, and the larger branches
of the indigenous shrub, are gathered in the spring.
Cortex Fructus Aurantii.
[BITTER ORANGE PEEL].                 Pomeranzenschale.
Cortex Pomorum Aurantii.
Citrus vulgaris Risso. a. amara Linn.
The peel of the ripe fruit, in elliptical sections, each cut consisting of the fourth part of the rind; when dry it is yellowishbrown, glandular; spongy and white internally, of a bitter
taste, and grateful odor.
Only the peel, freed from the interior skin, the Flavedo
[yellow part of the rind], should be used; but the Flavedo of
the thin, hard, CuraQao orange peel, with a dirty-green color
externally, should not be substituted, neither the rind of the
[sweet] orange from Citrus Aurantium Risso, which is distinguished by its orange-yellow color; and also by its odor.
Cortex Fructus Citri.
[LEMON PEEL].                             Citronenschale.
Citrus Limonum DC. et Citrus medica LInn.
The dried rind of the ripe fruit, occurring in commerce in
spiral pieces; externally glandular and of a lemon-yellow color;
having a thin spongy, white interior layer. It has a grateful
odor and a weak, bitter taste.




61
Cortex Fructus Juglandis.
[GREEN WALNUT HULLS].             Griulle Wallnussschale.
Cortex Nucum rJuglandis.
Juglans regia Linn.
The exterior green pericarp (hull) of the ripe drupe (stonefruit). It separates easily from the bony nut-shell; is fleshy,
green on the outside, whitish and somewhat spongy internally,
and tinges the skin brown. It has an aromatic odor, and a
somewhat astringent, bitter and weak acidulous taste.
Cortex Mezerei.
[MEZEREON BARK].                         Seidelbastrinde.
3Kellerhalsrinde.
Daphne l~ezereum Linn.
A bark consisting of thin, rather long strips, having a
brownish periderm, which can be readily removed, and underneath a thinner green layer. The liber is very tough, flexible,
finely fibrous, yellowish-white, and of a silky lustre. Its taste
is very acrid.
The bark should be gathered in the early spring, from the
trunk and larger branches.
The bark of- Daphne i5aureola Linn., may also be used; it
is distinguished from the former by its green liber.
Cortex Quercus.
[OAK BARK].                                 Eichenrinde.
Quercus pedunculata fEhrhart, and Quercus sessilifiora Martyn.
A bark from one to two millimetres in thickness, the outer
portion is brittle, the inner tough and band-like fibrous, having
a very thin, separable, shining, silver-gray periderm, a brown
middle layer, and a brownish or yellowish liber, narrowly
tesselated on the transverse section; it separates later in thin,
narrow, flexible bands. The taste is astringent and bitter
when chewed.
The bark is gathered in the spring from young trunks, and
from not too old branches, of trees growing abundantly in
Germany.
6




62
Cortex Radicis Granati.
[BARK OF POMEGRANATE ROOT].          Granatwurzelrinde.
Punica Granatum Linn.
In longitudinally curved or quilled pieces of bark, of different sizes, rarely more than one and a half millimetres in
thickness; on the outer surface they are ruggedly-warty,
more or less fissured, grayish or brownish-yellow; internally
greenish-yellow and not striated radially. The inner surface
is of a pale cinnamon color, smooth or covered with very
thin, yellowish-white adhering splinters. The bark has a
uniform fracture, and an astringent and mildly bitter taste
when chewed.
Crocus.
[SAFFRON].                                       Safran.
Crocus Sativus Linn.
The dried stigmas about three centimetres long, almost
tubular, but are compressed into a somewhat semi-cylindrical
form; they widen towards their upper extremity, are finely
notched, have a deep orange-yellow color and generally remain attached to the very short, yellow style. Saffron has
a fragrant odor and a somewhat bitter taste, and when chewed
colors the saliva a reddish-yellow.
It should be protected from the light, and care should be
taken against adulterations.
Cubebae.
[CUBEBS].                                      Cubeben.
Baccc v. Fructus Cubebce.
Cubeba offlicinalis Miquel. (Piper Cubeba Linn. ftl.)
The dried, somewhat hard drupes, covered with a thin,
pericarp, nearly globular, rugous-reticulated, one-seeded and
attenuated at the base into a stipe four or six millimetres
long; of a dark, grayish-brown color, and of about the size
of black pepper; burning when chewed, and of a strong aromatic odor.




63
Cuprum aceticum.
[ACETATE OF COPPER].            Krystallisirter Griinspan.
[Neutral Acetate of Copper. Crystallized Verdcigris]..Erugo crystallisata.
In dark-green, prismatic crystals, efflorescent in the air,
having a nauseous metallic taste; soluble in fourteen parts
of cold water, in five parts of boiling water, and also in
alcohol to which has been added a small quantity of acetic
acid. Acetate of copper is wholly soluble in water of ammonia, with an intense blue color. An aqueous solution,
heated with an excess of caustic soda, and filtered, should not
become turbid with hydrosulphuric acid.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Cuprum aluminatum.
Lapis divinus.
Take of Pure Sulphate of Copper,....  16
Nitrate of Potassium,....         16
Alum, each, sixteen parts......  16
Powder, and mix the ingredients, then fuse them in a
porcelain capsule at a gentle heat. Remove them from
the fire and add rapidly a mixture of
Camphor, powdered,..                  1
Alum, powdered, each, onepart....   1
Pour the mass into a porcelain vessel, and when cold, break
it into pieces.
It forms a light-blue mass, having the odor of camphor;
soluble in sixteen parts of water, leaving but a slight residue.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Cuprum oxydatum.
[BLACK OXIDE OF COPPER].                    Kupferoxyd.
A black powder, which should not contain particles soluble
in water. It is completely soluble in diluted sulphuric acid.
When concentrated sulphuric acid is poured upon it, no
nitrous vapors should be developed. When dissolved in
diluted sulphuric acid, decomposed with a large excess of
hydrosulphuric acid, the filtrate leaves no residue after evaporation.
It should be cautiously preserved.




64
Cuprum sulfuricum ammoniatum.
[AMMONIO-SULPHATE OF COPPER].  Schwefelsaures Kupferoxyd-Ammoniak.
Ammoniacum cuprico-sulphuricum. Cuprum ammoniacale.
Take of Pure Sulphate of Copper one part...   1
Dissolve it, by stirring, in
Water of Ammonia three parts.                   3
To the filtered liquid add of
Alcohol six parts.......   6
Collect the resulting precipitate on a filter, and dry it
between bibulous paper without heat.
A dark-blue, crystalline powder,. efflorescent in the air,
soluble in one and a half parts of cold water, which solution
has an alkaline reaction, is clear, but upon the addition of a
greater portion of water becomes turbid.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Cuprum sulfuricum crudum.
[CRUDE SULPHATE OF COPPER].         Roher Kupfervitriol.
[Blue Vitriol]. Blauer Vitriol. Vitriolum Cupri.
In blue, rhomboidal-prismatic crystals, or in crystalline,
translucent masses; soluble in four parts of cold, and in two
parts of boiling water.
It is almost entirely soluble in water of ammonia with a
dark-blue color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Cuprum sulfuricum purum.
[PURE SULPHATE OF COPPER].          Reiner Kupfervitriol.
In translucent, rhomboidal crystals, of a rich deep-blue
color; they effloresce slowly in dry air; are soluble in three
and a half parts of cold water, and in equal parts of hot
water; insoluble in alcohol.
The aqueous solution, to which has been added a large excess of water of ammonia, is of a dark-blue color. The watery
solution, on being first acidulated with a little sulphuric acid,
and then decomposed with an excess of hydrosulphuric acid,
yields a filtrate, which leaves no residue on evaporation.
It should be cautiously preserved.




65
Decocta.
[DEcocTIONS].                              Abkochungen.
Decoctions, that are ordered without a given quantity of
the substance to be used, are made, so, that from one part of
the substance ten parts of colature (strained decoction) are
gained. To prepare ten parts of colature of a concentrated
decoction, one and a half parts of the substance are used; and
to prepare ten parts of colature of a highly concentrated decoction, two parts of the substance must be taken.
The quantity of medicinally active substances must always
be prescribed by the physician.
The substance, from which the decoction is to be made, is
put in a suitable vessel and cold water poured upon it, the
vessel is kept in a steam-bath for half an hour, stirring occasionally, and the liquid is then, while still warm, strained by
expression.
For the preparation of Decoction of Salep,'see Mucilage of
Salep.
Decoctum Sarsaparilla compositum fortius.
[ZITTMANN'S STRONGER DECOCTION].          Stiirkeres Zittmann'sches Decoct.
Take of Sarsaparilla Root, cut, one hundred parts..   100
Pour upon it
Common Water two thousand and six hundred
parts,.                   2600
digest for twenty-four hours, then add of
Sugar, powdered,......   6
Alum, powdered, each, six parts,...   6
and heat them in a covered vessel, in a steam-bath, for
three hours, stirring frequently. Towards the end of
the boiling, add of
Anise, bruised,....        4
Fennel Seed, bruised, each, four parts,..   4
Senna, cut, twenty-four parts,....  24
Liquorice Root, cut, twelve parts.             12
Strain by expression, and set aside for a short time.
The clear, decanted liquid should be two thousand and
five hundred parts......... 2500
6*




66
When not otherwise directed, a colature of two thousand and five hundred grammes is divided. into eight portions.
N.B. —-When Decoctum Zittmanni is prescribed, it is
prepared in a similar manner, except to the sugar and
alum is added of
Mild Chloride of Mercury four parts,           4
Cinnabar (Red Sulphide of Mercury) one part,    1
inclosed in a linen bag.
Decoctum Sarsaparillae compositum mitius.
[ZITTMANN'S MILDER DECOCTION]. Milderes Zittmann'sches
Decoct.
Take the residue of the Stronger Decoction, and
Sarsaparilla Root, cut, fifty parts...  50
Pour upon them
Common Water two thousand and six hundred
parts,. 2600
and expose to the heat of a steam-bath, for three hours,
in a covered vessel, stirring frequently. Toward the
end of the operation, add of
Lemon Peel,.......   3
Cassia Bark,.......   3
Small Cardamoms,.   3
Liquorice Root, each, cut and bruised, three parts.   3
Strain by expression, and set aside for a short time.
The clear decanted liquid should be two thousand and five
hundred parts..                           2500
When not otherwise directed, a colature of two thousand and
five hundred grammes, is divided into eight portions.
Dextrinum.
[DEXTRIN].                                      Dextrin.
Take of Potato Starch one hundred and fifty parts,. 150
Cold Distilled Water seven hundred and fifty
parts,........   750
Crystallized Oxalic Acid four parts..         4
Mix carefully, and expose them, in a covered vessel, to the
heat of a steam-bath, stirring frequently, so long as unaltered
starch can be detected by solution of iodine. Then add of
Precipitated Carbonate of Lime,




67
a quantity sufficient to neutralize the acid, and set aside for
two days in a cool place. Then filter the liquid and evaporate
it, by means of a steam-bath, until a mass is formed which no
longer adheres to the fingers.  It is then drawn out into
threads, and dried at a gentle heat.
Dextrin should be dry, inodorous, easily powdered, similar
to gum arabic, and wholly soluble in an equal weight of water,
which solution, on the addition of a double quantity of alcohol, throws down a copious precipitate. An aqueous solution
is not colored blue by tincture ef iodine.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Elaeosacchara.
[OLEOSACCHARATES].                            Oelzucker.
Take of Best White Sugar, powdered, two grammes,        2
Any of the essential oils one drop.
Mix them.
Electuarium  e Senna.
[CONFECTION OF SENNA].                    Sennalatwerge.
Electuarium lenitivum.
Take of Senna, powdered, ten parts,...       10
Coriander Seed, powdered, one part...   1
Mix and add of
Simple Syrup fifty parts,....50
Purified Tamarind Pulp fifteen parts...  15
Prepare a confection by means of a steam-bath.  It is
greenish-brown and should be preserved in a dry and cool
place.




68
Electuarium Theriaca.
[THERIACK].                                        Theriak.
Theriaca.:Electuarium theriacale.
Take of Opium, powdered, one part,....   1
Sherry Wine three parts...                   3
Macerate for a day, stirring occasionally, then add of
Angelica Root, powdered, six parts,..         6
Virginia Snake Root, powdered, four parts,.   4
Valerian Root, powdered,....   2
Squill, powdered,......   2
Zedoary Root, powdered,.....   2
Cassia Bark, powdered, each, two parts,..   2
Small Cardamoms, powdered,....   1
Myrrh, powdered,                                  1
Pure Protosulphate of Iron, powdered, each,
one part,........    1
Purified Honey seventy-two parts...  72
Make into a confection, which should be preserved in a cool
place. It has a brown color.
One hundred parts contain one part of opium.
Elemi.
[ELEMI].                                             Elemi.
Gummi v. Resina Elemi.
From an undetermined Plant growing in Yucatan.
In irregular, solid, or, occasionally, soft, slightly translucent
masses, of a greenish-yellow or orange-yellow color, and
strong, peculiar odor. It melts readily, and is soluble in
boiling alcohol.
Other species of Elemi, and masses mixed with pieces of
bark, should be rejected.
Elixir amarum.
[BITTER ELIXIR].                            Bitteres Elixir.
Take of Extract of Buck-bean,..   2
Extract of Orange Peel, each, two parts..        2
Dissolve them in
Peppermint Water,......  16
Diluted Alcohol, each, sixteen parts,..      16
and add of
Spirit of Ether (Spiritus cethereus) one part.    1
Bitter Elixir has a dark-brown color.




69
Elixir Aurantii compositum.
[HOFFMANN'S STOMACH  ELIXIR].    Hoffmann'sches
Magenelixir.
Elixair viscerale Hoffmanni.
Take of Orange Peel six parts,.....    6
Cassia Bark, bruised, two parts,...    2
Pure Carbonate of Potassium one part,..    1
Sherry Wine fifty parts.....  50
Macerate for eight days, express and strain.
To the colature add of
Extract of Gentian,......    1
Extract of Wormwood,...   1
Extract of Buck-bean,.....    1
Extract of Cascarilla, each, one part...   1
After repose, filter.
It forms a clear liquid, of a brown color, having a peculiar,
aromatic odor, and a bitter taste.
It should be preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Elixir Proprietatis Paracelsi.
[ACIDULATED ELIXIR OF ALOES].              Saures Aloe'elixir.
Take of Aloes, coarsely powdered,....    2
Myrrh, coa1'sely powdered, each, two parts,.   2
Saffron, powdered, one part....    1
Pour upon them
Alcohol twenty-four parts,.....  24
Diluted Sulphuric Acid two parts...    2
Macerate for eight days and filter.
It forms a clear reddish-brown liquid.
Elixir e Succo Liquiritiae.
[PECTORAL ELIXIR].                               Brustelixir.
EElixir e Succo Glycyrrhizca..Elixir pectorale.
Take of Purified Liquorice two parts.                       2
Dissolve it in
Fennel Water six parts,.....    6
add of
Anisated Spirits of Ammonia two parts..           2
It forms a cloudy, brown liquid, which must be shaken up
before dispensing.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.




70
Emplastrum ad Fonticulos.
[FONTANEL PLASTER. ISSUE PLASTER]. Fontanellpfiaster.
Take of Burgundy Pitch three parts,....   3
Suet one part,.......   1
Lead Plaster thirty-six parts.                36
Melt them at a moderate heat, and spread the mass, in
uniform thickness, on thin linen cloth; double the spread
cloth a number of times, and, having placed wax-paper between each layer, perforate it with a cylindrical iron punch,
three centimetres in diameter.
They form very adhesive circular pieces of plaster.
Emplastrum adhaesivum.
[ADHESIVE PLASTER].                          Heftpfiaster.
Take of Crude Oleic Acid eighteen parts,...  18
add, while stirring constantly, of
Litharge, in very fine powder, ten parts..    10
Heat them by means of a steam-bath, until a plaster
is formed. Before cooling, add of
Resin three parts,......   3
Suet one part.......   1
A yellowish and very adhesive plaster.
Emplastrum adhaesivum Edinburgense.
[EDINBURGH ADHESIVE PLASTER]. Edinburger Heftpflaster.
It is prepared like Adhesive Plaster, but in place of
Resin and Suet, take
Black Pitch, three parts......   3
A dark-brown and very adhesive plaster.




71
Emplastrum adhaesivum Anglicum.
[ENGLISH COURT PLASTER].              Englisches Pflaster.
Taffetas adhlesivum.
Take of Isinglass ten parts......  10
Dissolve it in a sufficient quantity of
Common Hot Water,
so that a colature [solution] is obtained, which should be
one hundred and twenty parts.... 120
Take sixty parts of this solution, and by means of a
brush, spread a sufficient number of coatings on stretched
silk (taffeta), which should measure, for each thirty grammnes of Isinglass, one hundred and four (104) centimetres
in length and forty-two (42) centimetres in breadth.
Each coating should be allowed to dry.
The remaining sixty parts of this Isinglass solution
are gradually mixed with
Alcohol forty parts......  40
Glycerin one part,......   1
and this mixture is brushed over the fabric in the same manner [as the previous solution.]
Finally, the reverse side of the fabric is coated with a sufficient quantity of Tincture of Benzoin, and the plaster is then
well dried, and preserved in a dry place.
It is lustrous, and, when moistened, becomes very adhesive
to the skin.
Emplastrum Ammoniaci.
[AMMONIAC PLASTER].                   Ammoniakpflaster.
Take of Yellow Wax,.......   4
Burgundy Pitch, each, four parts.               4
Melt, strain through a linen cloth, and to the partiallycooled mass add of
Purified Ammoniac six parts,....   6
Purified Galbanum two parts,....   2
previously dissolved by means of a steam-bath, in
Turpentine four parts.....   4
The plaster is formed into rolls.
It has a greenish color.




72
Emplastrum aromaticum.
[AROMATIC PLASTER].                 Aromatisches Pflaster.
[Stomach Plaster].  Mfagenpflaster.  Enmplastrum stomachicum.
Take of Yellow Wax thirty-two parts,....  32
Suet twenty-four parts,...  24
Turpentine eight parts...   8
Melt them, and to the partially-cooled mass, add of
Oil of Nutmeg (expressed) six parts,..   6
Olibanum, powdered, sixteen parts,...  16
Benzoin, powdered, eight parts,...   8
Oil of Peppermint,...         1
Oil of Cloves, each, one part...           1
They are intimately mixed, formed into rolls, and kept in
wax-paper.
Aromatic Plaster is grayish-brown and has an aromatic
odor.
Emplastrum Belladonnae.
[BELLADONNA PLASTER].                  Belladonnapflaster.
Take of Yellow Wax four parts,....   4
Turpentine,....   1
Olive Oil, each, one part....   1
Melt them, and to the partially cooled mass add
gradually of
Belladonna Leaves, powdered, two parts...   2
It forms a brownish-green plaster.
It should be preserved in a dry place.
Emplastrum Cantharidum ordinarium.
[CANTHARIDES PLASTER].             Spanischfliegenpflaster.
[Blistering Plaster]. Blasenpfiaster. J3mplastrum vesicatorium
ordinarium.
Take of Cantharides, coarsely powdered, two parts,.   2
Common Olive Oil onepart...            1
Mix, and place them in a steam-bath for several hours,
then add of
Yellow Wax four parts,....           4
Turpentine one part,.                           1
melt and mix well together. When cold, form the plaster into
rolls.
The plaster is greasy and soft to the touch, interspersed,
regularly, with shining green particles.
It should be preserved in a dry place.




73
Emplastrum Cantharidum perpetuum.
[PERPETUAL CANTHARIDES PLASTER].  Immerwahrendes
Spanischfiegenpflaster.
Take of Resin,.                   50
Yellow Wax, each, fifty parts,....  50
Turpentine thirty-seven parts,....  37
Burgundy Pitch twenty-five parts,...  25
Suet twenty parts......  20
Melt them with a gentle heat, and add of
Cantharides, in very fine powder, eighteen parts,  18
Euphorbium, in very fine powder, six parts..   6
It forms a greenish-black plaster.
Emplastrum Cerussee.
[WHITE LEAD PLASTER].                    Bleiweisspflaster.
Froschlaichpflaster. Emplastrum album coctum.
Take of Litharge, in very fine powder, ten parts,..  10
Olive Oil twenty-five parts.....  25
Boil them in a copper vessel, stirring constantly, until
the Litharge is dissolved, adding from time to time a
little warm water, then add of
White Lead, in very fine powder, eighteen parts,  18
and continue the boiling, and the adding of a moderate quantity of warm water, to prevent burning, until a plaster is
formed, which, when cold, is formed into rolls.
The plaster is white, heavy, hard, and, when moderately
heated, tenacious.
Emplastrum Conii.
[CONIUM  PLASTER].                     Schierlingspflaster.
-Emplastrum Cicutce.
It is prepared from Powdered Conium Leaves, like Belladonna Plaster.
7




74
Emplastrum Conii ammoniacatum.
[CONIUM PLASTER WITH  AMMONIAC].   Mit Ammoniakgummi versetztes Schierlingspflaster.
Emplastrum Cicutce cum Ammoniaco.
Take of Ammoniac, powdered,....      2
Vinegar of Squill, each, two parts..   2
Evaporate by a gentle heat to a somewhat tough consistence, then mix them intimately with
Conium Plaster nine parts.....   9
It is formed into rolls.
The plaster is somewhat soft, not very tenacious, and has
a dirty-green fracture.
Emplastrum foetidum.
[ASSAFETIDA PLASTER].                   Stinkasantpflaster.
Eimplastrum  asm fetidce.
Take of Yellow Wax,..                              4
Burgundy Pitch, each, four parts...        4
Melt, strain, and to the partially cooled mass add of
Assafetida, powdered, six parts,...   6
Ammoniac, powdered, two parts,...   2
previously dissolved, by means of a steam-bath, in
Turpentine four parts...   4
It forms a tenacious, yellowish plaster.
Emplastrum  fuscum.
[BREAST PLASTER].               Schwarzes Mutterpflaster.
Emplastrum Matris fuscum Ph. Saxon.
Take of Red Oxide of Lead, in very fine powder, thirtytwo parts,.......  32
Olive Oil sixty-four parts......  64
Boil them in a copper kettle, stirring constantly, until
the mass assumes a dark-brown color.
Then add of
Yellow Wax sixteen parts.....  16
Pour it into paper capsules.
A dark-brown, soft, and tenacious plaster.




75
Emplastrum fuscum oamphoratum.
[UNIVERSAL PLASTER].                   Universalpilaster.
Schwarzes Mlfutter.pflaster. Nurnberger Pflaster. Emplastrum nigrum 8.
universale s8. Noricum. Emplastrum fuseum Ph. Bor.
_Emplastrum Minit adustum.
Take of Emplastrum fuscum one hundred parts.. 100
Melt, and add of
Camphor one part,......   1
previously dissolved in a small quantity of Olive Oil, then
pour the plaster into paper capsules.
It must have the odor of camphor.
Emplastrum Galbani crocatum.
[GALBANUM PLASTER WITH  SAFFRON].   Mit Safran versetztes Mutterharzpflaster.
_Emplastrum de Galbano crocatum.
Take of Lead Plaster twenty-four parts,.              24
Yellow Wax eight parts.....   8
Melt them, and to the partially cooled mass add of
Purified Galbanum twenty-four parts,..  24
previously dissolved, by means of a steam-bath, in
Turpentine six parts,......   6
then add of
Saffron, powdered, one part,                    1
which has been rubbed into a pulp with a small quantity of
Alcohol.
It is formed into rolls.
The plaster is yellowish-brown, and softens readily.
Emplastrum Hydrargyri.
[MERCURIAL PLASTER].                 Quecksilberpflaster..Emplastrum tnercuriale.
Take of Mercury eight parts,....   8
Turpentine four parts.                         4
The mercury is intimately rubbed together with the
turpentine, to which has been added a little Oil of Turpentine, and then to the mass is added, gradually, under
constant stirring, of
Lead Plaster twenty-four parts,...  24
Yellow Wax six parts,.....   6
which have been previously melted together.
The plaster, after cooling, is formed into rolls.
It has a gray color, and no globules of mercury should be
detected by the naked eye.




Emplastrum Hyoscyami.
[HYOSCYAMUS PLASTER].                 Bilsenkrautpflaster.
It is prepared from Powdered Hyoscyamus Leaves, like
Belladonna Plaster.
Emplastrum Lithargyri compositum.
[COMPOUND DIACHYLON PLASTER].             Gummipflaster.
[Compound Lead Plaster]. Zugpflaster. Emplastrum Plumbi
compositum. Emplastrum diachylon compositum.
Take of Lead Plaster twenty-four parts,...  24
Yellow Wax three parts..   3
Melt them together with a moderate heat, and to the
partially cooled mass add of
Ammoniac, powdered,.....   2
Galbanum, powdered,....   2
Turpentine, each, two parts,..   2
which have been previously melted in a steam-bath.
Mix them well, and form the plaster into rolls after cooling.
It forms a brownish-yellow, tenacious plaster.
Emplastrum Lithargyri molle.
[WHITE BREAST PLASTER].           Weisses Mutterpflaster.
Emplastrum AMatris album Ph. Saxon.
Take of Lead Plaster three parts,.....   3
Lard two parts,......   2
Suet,........                1
Yellow Wax, each, one part....   1
Melt them together, strain, and pour into paper capsules.
A somewhat yellowish plaster.




77
Emplastrum Lithargyri simplex.
[LEAD PLASTER].                              Bleipflaster.
Emplastrum Plumbi simpleo,.  Enmplastrum diachylon simplex.
Take of Olive Oil,
Lard,
Litharge, in very fine powder, each, equal parts.
Boil them with a moderate heat, stirring constantly with a
spatula, and adding occasionally a little warm water until a
plaster is formed, which make into rolls.
Lead Plaster is white and tenacious; it is not greasy, and
contains no undissolved oxide of lead.
Emplastrum Meliloti.
[MELILOT PLASTER].                      Melilotenpflaster.
It is prepared from  powdered Melilot, like Belladonna
Plaster.
Emplastrum  Mezerei cantharidatum.
[CANTHARIDATED PLASTER OF MEZEREON].  Mit Canthariden versetztes Seidelbastpflaster.
Take of Cantharides, coarsely powdered, thirty grammes,  30
Mezereon Bark, cut and bruised, ten grammes,.  10
Acetic Ether one hundred grammes,..       100
Macerate for eight days, shaking frequently; then express, and dissolve in the filtered liquid,
Sandarac four grammes,.....   4
Elemi,........   2
Resin, each, two grammes..                     2
Spread this solution, by means of a brush, on stretched
silk (taffeta), measuring three thousand square centimetres; the silk having been previously covered with a
solution of
Isinglass twenty grammes,....  20
Distilled Water two hundred grammes,.. 200
Alcohol fifty grammes......  50
7*




Emplastrum Minii rubrum.
[RED-LEAD PLASTER].              Rothes Mennigepflaster.
Emplastrum s. Ceratumn de Minio rubrum.
Take of Yellow Wax,....... 100
Suet, each, one hundred parts,.              100
Provence Olive Oil forty parts...        40
Melt them together, and to the partially cooled mass,
add of
Red-Lead, in very fine powder, one hundred
parts,........   100
Camphor three parts.                            3
which were previously rubbed together, and thoroughly
mixed with
Provence Olive Oil sixty parts....  60
It forms a uniform mass, which pour into paper capsules.
The Plaster has a red color and the odor of camphor.
Emplastrum  opiatum.
[OPIUM PLASTER].                          Opiumpflaster.
H-auptpflaster.  Emplastrum Cephalicum.
Take of Elemi eight parts,......   8
Turpentine fifteen parts,.....  15
Yellow Wax five parts..   5
Melt them together with a moderate heat, and, to the
strained mass, add of
Olibanum, powdered, eight parts,...   8
Benzoin, powdered, four parts,...   4
Opium, powdered, two parts,....   2
Balsam of Peru one part,.....   1
and make into a plaster.
Opium Plaster is brown and tenacious.




79
Emplastrum oxycroceum.
[SAFFRON PLASTER. OXYCROCEUM PLASTER]. Safranpilaster.
OOxycroceumpflaster. Emplastrum Galbani rubrum.
Take of Yellow Wax,.......   6
Resin,........   6
Burgundy Pitch, each, six parts...      6
Melt them together with a moderate heat, and, to the
strained mass, add of
Ammoniac, powdered,....   2
Galbanum, each, two parts,....   2
previously dissolved in
Turpentine three parts....         3
Then add of
Mastic, powdered,......   2
Myrrh, powdered,......   2
Olibanum, powdered, each, two parts,..   2
Saffron, powdered, one part,....   1
previously rubbed together.
The Plaster is formed into rolls.
It is reddish-brown and tenacious.
Emplastrum  Picis irritans.
[IRRITANT PITCH PLASTER].         Reizendes Pechpfiaster.
Take of Burgundy Pitch thirty-two parts,...  32
Yellow Wax,.......  12
Turpentine, each, twelve parts..              12
Melt them together by-means of a water-bath, and
add of
Euphorbium, in very fine powder, three parts..   3
The Plaster has a yellow color.
Emplastrum saponatum.
[SOAP PLASTER].                            Seifenpflaster.
Take of Lead Plaster seventy-two parts,....  72
Yellow Wax twelve parts......  12
Melt them with a moderate heat, and to the partially
cooled mass, add, while stirring, of
Castile Soap, well dried and powdered, six parts,    6
Camphor one part,...   1
which has been previously dissolved in a little Olive Oil. The
plaster is formed into rolls after cooling.
Soap Plaster is whitish, somewhat soft, and not slippery.




80
Emulsiones.
[EMULSIONS].                                Emulsionen.
Emulsions of Seeds are made, when not otherwise directed,
by using one part of Seeds,......   1
and Water sufficient, that ten parts..            10
of colature (strained emulsion) are procured.
Oil-Emulsions are made, when not expressly otherwise
directed, by using of
Any desired oil two parts,....   2
Gum Arabic, powdered, one part,...   1
Distilled Water seventeen parts...       17
Remark.-When no other oil is prescribed, for an Oil-Emulsion, Almond Oil is invariably used.
Emulsio Amygdalarum composita.
[COMPOUND ALMOND EMULSION].           Zusammengesetzte
Mandelemulsion.
Take of Sweet Almonds four parts,...   4
Hyoscyamus Seed one part,..   1
Diluted Bitter Almond Water sixty-four parts,   64
make an emulsion, and add of
Best White Sugar six parts,....   6
Calcined Magnesia one part.....   1
The emulsion is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Euphorbium.
[EUPHORBIUM].                              Euphorbium.
[Gum Euphorbium].
Euphorbia resinifera Berg.
In dirty-yellowish, round, somewhat three-cornered pieces,
from the size of a lentil to that of a hazelnut, frequently perforated with from one to three holes; friable, translucent,
and inodorous. Its powder produces very violent sneezing.
It is partially soluble in water, alcohol, and in ether.
It should be separated from the admixture of small branches
and fruit, as much as possible, and cautiously preserved.




81
Extracta.
[EXTRACTS].                                    Extrakte.
The substances used for the preparation of Extracts should
be finely and uniformly cut or bruised; and when distilled
water is not directed to be used, a water, as free as possible
from carbonate of lime, should be taken.
Maceration should be conducted at a temperature of between
100 and 200 C.; digestion at a heat of from 350 to 400 C.
Frequent stirring, or shaking, must be used in both cases.
The aqueous liquids are evaporated immediately to one-third
their volume, and are then set aside, in a cool place, for several
days and decanted from their sediment. The alcoholic and
ethereal liquids are decanted, filtered, and then, by means of
a steam-bath, brought to the consistence of an extract, while
stirring constantly. The alcohol and ether, used, may be
previously distilled off.
The steam-bath should be so arranged, that the temperature of the liquids, to be evaporated, does not exceed the boiling point of water. In evaporating ethereal liquids, the
temperature must not exceed 50~ C.
Extracts are prepared of three degrees of consistence:
1. Thin extracts-of the consistence of fresh honey.
2. Thick extracts-which, when cold, cannot be poured
from a vessel, but may still be drawn out in threads
by means of a spatula.
3. Dry extracts-which-are pulverizable. They are prepared by evaporation in a porcelain vessel, and
brought to the consistence of a tough mass, which
becomes friable when cold. The mass is removed
with a spatula, while still warm, drawn into thin
ribbons and dried on paper with a moderate heat,
reduced to a coarse powder, and immediately inclosed in a vessel, previously warmed.
The thick extracts are preserved in tightly-covered, glazed
earthen or porcelain vessels. The thin and dry extracts are
kept in cork-stoppered5 glass vessels; all must be kept in a
cool and dry place.
The extracts should possess the taste and odor of the substances from which they were prepared, and be free from
copper and tin.
It is recommended that a small quantity of the thick narcotic extracts be mixed with Dextrin, and kept ready prepared, as follows: Ten parts of powdered Dextrin are gradu



82
ally mixed with an equal quantity of extract, in a warm,
porcelain capsule, the mass is then dried at a temperature of
400 to 500 C., and the heat continued, until there is no longer
a diminution of weight.
The dried and still warm mass is rubbed, and mixed with
a sufficient quantity of powdered Dextrin, to make its weight
double that of the extract employed.
Of this powder, double the weight of thick extract prescribed is dispensed.
Extractum Absinthii.
[EXTRACT OF WORMWOOD].                Wermuthextrakt.
Take of Wormwood two parts....   2
Pour upon it
Alcohol,........    6
Common Water, each, six parts,                6
digest for twenty-four hours, and express. Treat the
residue in the same manner with
Alcohol,........   3
Common Water, each, three parts...   3
Evaporate the mixed and filtered liquids to the consistence
of a thick extract.
Extract of Wormwood is greenish-brown, forming a turbid
solution with water.
Extractum Aconiti.
[EXTRACT OF ACONITE].                  Eisenhutextrakt.
Take of Aconite Root, coarsely powdered, two parts..   2
Pour upon it
Diluted Alcohol four parts,....   4
macerate for eight days in a covered vessel, stirring
frequently, and then express. Treat the residue in the
same manner with
Diluted Alcohol three parts....   3
Evaporate the mixed and filtered tinctures, with a moderate
heat, to the consistence of a thick extract.
Extract of Aconite is yellowish-brown, forming a yellowishbrown and turbid solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.




83
Extractum Aloes.
[EXTRACT OF ALOES].                         Aloiextrakt.
Take of Aloes, powdered, one part....        1
Pour upon it
Distilled Water four parts.....   4
Macerate for forty-eight hours, stirring frequently. Then set
the mixture aside to settle, afterwards strain, and convert
the clear liquid into a dry extract.
Extract of Aloes is in the form of a yellowish-brown
powder, forming a turbid solution with water.
Extractum  Aloes Acido sulfurico correctum.
[VITRIOLATED EXTRACT OF ALOES].   Mit Schwefels~aure
versetztes Aloeextrakt.
Take of Extract of Aloes eight parts....   8
Pour upon it
Distilled Water thirty-two parts,...  32
add, drop by drop, of
Pure Sulphuric Acid one part,....   1
then evaporate the liquid, in a porcelain vessel, to a dry
extract.
The extract is in the form of a dark-brown powder, forming
a somewhat cloudy solution with water.
Extractum Aurantii Corticis.
[EXTRACT OF ORANGE PEEL]. Pomeranzenschalenextrakt.
Take of Orange Peel one part.....   1
Pour upon it
Alcohol,.......           2
Common Water, each, two parts,...   2
digest for three days, then express.
Pour upon the residue
Alcohol,........   1
Common;Water, each, one part...         1
Digest again for three days, and express.
From the mixed and filtered liquids, prepare a thick extract.
Extract of Orange Peel is reddish-brown, forming a nearly
clear solution with water.




84
Extractum Belladonnae.
[EXTRACT OF BELLADONNA].            Tollkirschenextrakt.
Take of Belladonna Leaves and Branches of the fresh,
flowering plant twenty parts....  20
Sprinkle with
Common Water one part,...   1
bruise them in a stone mortar and express forcibly.
Pour upon the residue
Common Water three parts,..   3
and repeat the process. Heat the mixed liquids to 800
C., strain and evaporate, by means of a steam-bath, to
two parts,..........   2
then add of
Alcohol two parts,......   2
mix, set aside for twenty-four hours, stirring occasionally, and strain through a linen cloth.
Rub the residue with
Diluted Alcohol one part,...   1
and again express. Mix the liquids, filter, and evaporate to
the consistence of a thick extract.
Extract of Belladonna is dark-brown, forming a brown and
almost clear solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Calami.
[EXTRACT OF CALAMUS].                   Kalmusextrakt.
It is prepared from Calamus Root, like Extract of Wormwood.
It is reddish-brown, forming a turbid solution with water.
Extractum Cannabis Indicae.
[EXTRACT OF INDIAN HEMP].        Indischer Hanfextrakt.
Take of Indian Hemp one part.....   1
Pour upon it
Alcohol six parts,......   6
digest for three days, and express.
Pour upon the residue
Alcohol four parts,......   4
digest as before, and express. From the mixed and filtered
tinctures prepare a thick extract.
Extract of Indian Hemp is dark-brown, and insoluble in water.
It should be cautiously preserved.




85
Extractum Cardui benedicti.
[EXTRACT OF BLESSED THISTLE]. IKardobenediktenextrakt.
Take of Blessed Thistle one part.....   1
Pour upon it
Hot Water six parts,.....   6
digest for six hours, and express. Pour upon the residue
Hot Water three parts,.....   3
again digest as before, and express.
From the mixed liquids prepare a thick extract.
The Extract is brown, forming a turbid solution with water.
Extractum Carnis Liebig.
[EXTRACT OF MEAT].                        Fleischextrakt.
FJxtractum Carnis.
A brown extract-like mass, having the agreeable odor of
roasted meat, forming readily a clear solution with water.
The aqueous solution, with the addition of a little common
salt, has the flavor of beef-broth. One hundred parts of the
extract should not lose, at the temperature of 1100 C., more
than twenty-two parts of moisture, and, after combustion,
there should be left not less than eighteen parts of ashes,
which contain but a small quantity of chloride of sodium.
One hundred parts of the extract, digested in alcohol, should
yield a liquid which, on being filtered and evaporated, should
leave an extract amounting to no less than fifty-six parts.
Extractum Cascarillae.
[EXTRACT OF CASCARILLA].                Kaskarillextrakt.
Take of Cascarilla Bark, coarsely powdered, one part..   1
Pour upon it
Boiling Water four parts,.....   4
set them aside for twenty-four hours, then express.
Pour upon the residue
Boiling Water two parts,                       2
digest, and again express. Allow the mixed liquids to settle,
and evaporate the clear portion to the consistence of a thick
extract.
Extract of Cascarilla is dark-brown, forming a turbid solution with water.
8R




86
Extractum Centaurii.
[EXTRACT OF EUROPEAN CENTAURY].   Tausendgiildenkrautextrakt.
It is prepared from European Centaury, like Extract of
Blessed Thistle.
The Extract is reddish-brown, forming a turbid solution
with water.
Extractum  Chamomilla.
[EXTRACT OF CHAMOMILE].               Kamillenextrakt.
Take of German Chamomile two parts.                  2
Pour upon it
Alcohol,........   8
Common Water, each, eight parts,...   8
digest for twenty-four hours, then express.
Pour upon the residue
Alcohol,........   4
Common Water, each, four parts,...   4
again digest for twenty-four hours, and express.
From the mixed liquids prepare a thick extract.
The Extract is greenish-brown, forming a turbid solution
with water.
Extractum Chelidonii.
[EXTRACT OF CELANDINE].             Schillkrautextrakt.
It is prepared from the flowering Celandine, like Extract
of Belladonna.
It is dark-brown, forming a turbid solution with water.




87v
Extractum  Chine fuscae.
[EXTRACT OF CINCHONA].                      Chinaextrakt.
Take of Brown [Pale, U. S. P.] Cinchona one part..   1
Pour upon it
Diluted Alcohol four parts,...        4
digest for twenty-four hours, stirring occasionally, and
express. Pour upon the residue
Diluted Alcohol two parts,.....   2
again digest for twenty-four hours, and express.
From the mixed and filtered liquids prepare a thick extract.
The Extract is brown, forming a turbid solution with water.
Extractum Chinae frigide paratum.
[COLD-PREPARED EXTRACT OF CINCHONA].  Kaltbereitetes
Chinaextrakt.
Take of Brown [Pale, U. S. P.] Cinchona two parts..   2
Pour upon it
Distilled Water twelve parts,.               12
macerate for two days, and express.  Mlacerate the
residue in a similar manner with
Distilled Water six parts,..6
and express forcibly.  Mix, and allow the liquid to settle,
pour off the clear portion, and evaporate to one and a half
parts, which strain, after cooling, and evaporate to the consistence of a thick extract.
The Extract is reddish-brown, forming a turbid solution
with water.
Extractum Cinae.
[EXTRACT OF SANTONICA].            Zittwerbliithenextrakt.
Take of Santonica (Flores Cinc) two parts....   2
Pour upon it
Ether,........    3
Alcohol, each, three parts,.   3
macerate for three days, pour off the liquid, express the
residue, and repeat the process with
Ether,.......   2
Alcohol, each, two parts......   2
From  the mixed and filtered tinctures prepare a thin
extract.
Extract of Santonica is dark-brown, and insoluble in water.




88
Extractum Colocynthidis.
[EXTRACT OF COLOCYNTH].             Koloquintenextrakt.
Take of Colocynth, freed from seed, and coarsely cut,
two parts........   2
Pour upon it
Diluted Alcohol twelve parts,..          12
digest for several days in a moderately warm place,
stirring occasionally, and then express forcibly. Pour
upon the residue
Diluted Alcohol,......   5
Common Water, each, five parts.                5
Digest for twenty-four hours, stirring frequently, and express.
Mix the liquids, allow them to settle, decant the clear portion from the sediment, strain, and make a dry extract.
A yellowish-brown powder, forming a turbid solution with
water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Colocynthidis compositum.
[COMPOUND EXTRACT OF COLOCYNTH]. Zusammengesetztes
Koloquintenextrakt.
Take of Extract of Colocynth three parts,...   3
Aloes, powdered, ten parts,....  10
Extract of Rhubarb five parts,....   5
Resin of Scammony eight parts..   8
Sprinkle them with diluted alcohol, mix, and dry the mixture with a gentle heat.
It forms a coarse, brown powder.
Preserve it cautiously.
Extractum Colombo.
[EXTRACT OF COLUMBO].                  Kolomboextrakt.
It is prepared from Colombo Root, like Extract of Orange
Peel, excepting that it is evaporated to a dry extract.
A yellowish-brown powder, forming a turbid solution with
water.




89
Extractum Conii.
[EXTRACT OF CONIUM].                 Schierlingsextrakt.
It is prepared from fresh Conium leaves, like Extract of
Belladonna.
It is brown, forming an almost clear solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Cubebarum.
[EXTRACT OF CUBEBS].                  Kubebenextrakt.
It is prepared from Cubebs, like Extract of Santonica.
It is brown and insoluble in water.
Extractum Digitalis.
[EXTRACT OF DIGITALIS].               Fingerhutextrakt.
It is prepared from the fresh leaves and branches of the
flowering Digitalis, like Extract of Belladonna.
It is brown, forming a turbid solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Dulcamarae.
[EXTRACT OF BITTERSWEET].             Bittersiissextrakt.
It is prepared from the twigs of Bittersweet, like Extract
of Blessed Thistle, exceptfour parts of Hot Water are used
in the first digestion and two parts in the second.
The Extract is reddish-brown, forming a turbid solution
with water.
8*




90
Extractum  Fabae Calabaricae.
[EXTRACT OF CALABAR BEAN].   Kalabarbohnenextrakt.
Extractum LPhysostigmatis.
Take of Calabar Bean, coarsely powdered, one part.   +   1
Pour upon it
Diluted Alcohol five parts,....   5
digest for twenty-four hours, and strain with expression.
Pour upon the residue
Diluted Alcohol three parts,....   3
and operate as before. Reduce the mixed and filtered liquids
to the consistence of a thick extract, by means of a steam-bath,
while stirring constantly.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Ferri pomatum.
[FERRATED EXTRACT OF APPLES]. Aepfelsaures Eisenextrakt.
Take of Sour Apples fifty parts.....  50
Convert them into a soft pulp, which mix with cut
straw and express. Set the liquid aside to settle, decant
from the sediment, filter and heat it by means of a steambath, with the addition of
Powdered Iron one part,...   1
or as much as will be acted upon, leaving a small portion undissolved. To the solution, when cold, add a quantity of
Water sufficient to make the liquid amount toforty-eightparts,
then filter and reduce to the consistence of a thick extract.
The Extract has a greenish-black color, forming a nearly
clear solution with water.
It contains from seven to eight per cent. of iron, and sometimes much less, according to the acidity of the apples employed, and the amount of acid developed by fermentation.




91
Extractum Filicis.
[EXTRACT OF MALE FERN].              Wurmfarnextrakt.
Take of Male Fern Root, recently dried and powdered,
one part.......... 1
Pour upon it
Ether three parts,..   3
and macerate for three days. Decant the liquid, express
the residue, and pour upon it
Ether two parts........   2
After due maceration, express again, and from the clear,
decanted and mixed tinctures, prepare a thin extract.
Extract of Male Fern is greenish, and insoluble in water.
Extractum  Gentianae.
[EXTRACT OF GENTIAN].                   Enzianextrakt.
Take of Gentian Root one part.                        1
Pour upon it
Common Cold Water six parts,...   6
macerate for forty-eight hours, and then express.
Pour upon the residue
Common Cold Water three parts,...   3
macerate for twelve hours, and again express.
From the mixed and strained liquids prepare a thick extract.
Extract of Gentian is brown, forming a clear solution with
water.
Extractum Graminis.
[EXTRACT OF COUCH-GRASS].              Queckenextrakt.
Take of the Root of Couch-Grass, finely cut, onepart,.   1
Common Hot Water six parts.....   6
Digest for six hours and strain. Evaporate the colature
immediately to the consistence of syrup. Mix one part of
this extract with four parts of Cold Distilled Water; filter
and evaporate to the consistence of a thick extract.
The Extract is reddish-brown, forming a clear solution with
water.




92
Extractum Gratiolae.
[EXTRACT OF HEDGE-HYSSOP]. Gottesgnadenkrautextrakt.
It is prepared from fresh Hedge-Hyssop, like Extract of
Belladonna.
The Extract is brown, forming a brown, turbid solution
with water.
It must be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Helenii.
[EXTRACT OF ELECAMPANE].           Alantwurzelextrakt.
It is prepared from Elecampane Root, like Extract of
Orange Peel.
The Extract is brown, forming a turbid solution with water.
Extractum  Hyoscyami.
[EXTRACT OF HYOSCYAMUS].            Bilsenkrautextrakt.
It is prepared from the fresh leaves and small branches of
the flowering Hyoscyamus, like Extract of Belladonna.
The Extract is of a greenish-brown color, forming a brown
and turbid solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Lactucae virosae.
[EXTRACT OF ACRID LETTUCE].          Giftlattichextrakt.
It is prepared from the fresh flowering Acrid Lettuce,
like Extract of Belladonna.
The Extract is brown, forming a nearly clear solution with
water.
It should be cautiously preserved.




93
Extractum Ligni Campechiani.
[EXTRACT OF LOGWOOD].            Campecheholzextrakt.
Take of Logwood, chipped, one part,....   1
Common Water eight parts....   8
Boil to one-half, strain, and boil the wood again with
Common Water six parts......   6
From the mixed and decanted clear liquids, prepare a dry
extract.
A reddish-brown powder, forming a turbid solution with
water.
Extractum Liquiritiae Radicis.
[EXTRACT OF LIQUORICE ROOT].           Siissholzextrakt.
_Extractum Glycyrrhizae.
It is prepared from Liquorice Root, like Extract of Gentian.
The Extract is yellowish-brown, forming a clear solution
with water.
Extractum Malti.
[EXTRACT OF MALT].                         Malzextrakt.
Take of Barley Malt, bruised,.....   1
Common Water, each, one part...   1
Mix, set aside for three hours, then add of
Common Water four parts,...   4
digest for an hour, at a temperature not exceeding 650 C.;
then heat the mass to the boiling point, and strain immediately by expression.
Evaporate the clear liquid as rapidly as possible, stirring
constantly, to the consistence of a thick extract.
Extract of Malt is yellowish-brown, having an agreeable,
sweet taste.
It should be preserved in a cool place.




94
Extractum Malti ferratum.
[FERRATED EXTRACT OF MALT]. Eisenhaltiges Malzextrakt.
Take of Extract of Malt ninety-five parts,...  95
mix it with
Pyrophosphate of Iron with Citrate of Ammonium two parts,......   2
previously dissolved in
Distilled Water three parts....   3
The Extract has a sweetish, slightly ferruginous taste.
Extractum Mezerei.
[EXTRACT OF MEZEREON].                 Seidelbastextrakt.
Take of Mezereon, finely cut, one part.....   1
Pour upon it
Alcohol four parts,......   4
digest for several days, stirring occasionally, then express strongly. Pour upon the residue
Alcohol three parts,......   3
and manipulate as before.
Evaporate the mixed and filtered liquids to the consistence
of a thin extract.
The Extract is of a greenish color, insoluble in water. It
should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum  Millefolii.
[EXTRACT OF YARROW].                Schafgarbenextrakt.
It is prepared from equal portions of the Flowers and the
Leaves of Yarrow, like Extract of Wormwood.
The Extract is greenish-brown, forming a turbid solution
with water.




95
Extractum Myrrhae.
[EXTRACT OF MYRRH].                     Myrrhenextrakt.
Take of Myrrh, bruised, one part......   1
Pour upon it
Distilled Water five parts,..   5
and macerate for two days, stirring frequently. Prepare from
the decanted and filtered liquid a dry extract.
In the form of a brownish-yellow powder with a reddish
tint, forming a turbid solution with water.
Extractum Opii.
[EXTRACT OF OPIUM].                       Opiumextrakt.
Take of Opium, powdered, four parts..           4
Pour upon it
Distilled Water sixteen parts,.             16
macerate for twenty-four hours, stirring frequently,
then strain with expression. Pour upon the residue
Distilled Water twelve parts,....  12
again macerate for twenty-four hours and strain as before.
Set aside the mixed liquids, that they may settle; filter, and
convert them into a dry extract.
Extract of Opium is in the form of a reddish-brown powder, forming a turbid solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Pulsatille.
[EXTRACT OF PULSATILLA].         Kiichenschellenextrakt.
It is prepared from the flowering Pulsatilla,* like Extract
of Belladonna.
The Extract is brown, forming a turbid solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
* Vide Herba Pulsatillee.




96
Extractum Quassiae.
[EXTRACT OF QUASSIA].                   Quassiaextrakt.
It is prepared from Quassia Wood, like Extract of Logwood,
except that it is brought to the consistence of a thick extract.
The Extract has a brown color, frequently interspersed
with small crystals, forming a brown and turbid solution
with water.
Extractum Ratanhae.
[EXTRACT OF RHATANY].                  Ratanhaextrakt.
Take of Rhatany Root, coarsely powdered, one part..   1
Pour upon it
Common Water four parts..   4
Set aside for twenty-four hours, stirring frequently,
and strain by expression. Pour upon the residue
Common Water three parts....   3
Set aside again for twenty-four hours and strain as before.
Allow the mixed liquids to settle, pour off the clear portion,
and convert it into a dry extract, by evaporating it in a
porcelain capsule.
A shining, reddish-brown powder, forming a turbid solution
with water.
Extractum Rhei.
[EXTRACT OF RHUBARB].                Rhabarberextrakt.
It is prepared from Rhubarb, like Extract of Wormwood.
The Extract is yellowish-brown, forming a turbid solution
with water.




97
Extractum Rhei compositum.
[COMPOUND EXTRACT OF RHUBARB].   Zusammengesetztes
Rhabarberextrakt..Extractum catholicum s. panchymagogum.
Take of Extract of Rhubarb three parts,...   3
Extract of Aloes one part.....   1
Pour upon them
Distilled Water four parts,.               4
allow them to soften in a moderately warm place, then
add of
Jalap Soap one part,......   1
previously dissolved in
Diluted Alcohol four parts..4
Evaporate the mixture to the consistence of a dry extract.
A dark-brown powder, forming a brownish-yellow and
turbid solution with water.
Extractum Sabinae.
[EXTRACT OF SAVINE].                  Sadebaumextrakt.
It is prepared from Savine, like Extract of Wormwood.
It has a greenish-brown color, forming a turbid solution
with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum  Scillae.
[EXTRACT OF SQUILL].                Meerzwiebelextrakt.
Take of Squill, coarsely powdered, one part,...   1
Diluted Alcohol four parts....   4
Macerate for four days, then strain and express. Decant the
clear liquid, filter, and convert it into a thick extract.
It is yellowish-brown, forming a nearly clear solution with
water.
9




98
Extractum Secalis cornuti.
[EXTRACT OF ERGOT].                  Mutterkornextrakt.
Ergotinum. Ezxtractum hwmostaticum.
Take of Ergot, coarsely powdered, one part,...   1
Distilled Water two parts......   2
Macerate for six hours, strain and express. Pour upon
the residue
Distilled Water two parts,..   2
and operate as before. Evaporate the mixed and filtered
liquids to the consistence of a thin syrup, and add of
Diluted Alcohol one part,...            1
mix, and set aside for a day, stirring frequently, then filter,
and evaporate to the consistence of a thick extract.
The Extract has a reddish-brown color, forming a clear
solution with water.
Extractum  Senegae.
[EXTRACT OF SENEKA].                     Senegaextrakt.
It is prepared from Seneka Root, like Extract of Columbo.
A yellowish-brown powder, forming a turbid solution with
water.
Extractum  Stramonii.
[EXTRACT OF STRAMONIUM].         Stechapfelkrautextrakt.
It is prepared from the fresh leaves of Stramonium, like
Extract of Belladonna.
The Extract is dark-brown, forming a nearly clear solution
with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.




99
Extractum  Strychni aquosum.
[AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF NUX VOMICA].  Wassriges Krirhenaugenextrakt.
Eatractum Nueum tomicarum aquosumn.
Take of Nux Vomica, coarsely powdered, one part..   1
Pour upon it
Boiling Common Water four parts,.   4
set aside for twenty-four hours, stirring frequently, and
then express. Pour upon the residue
Boiling Common Water three parts,..   3
and operate as before.
Allow the mixed liquids to settle, decant the clear portion,
and convert it into a dry extract.
A yellowish-brown powder, forming a greenish-white and
turbid solution with water.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Extractum Strychni spirituosum.
[ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF NUX VOMICA].  Weingeistiges
IKrahenaugenextrakt.
Extractum Nucum vomicarum spirituosum.
Take of Nux Vomica, coarsely powdered, two parts..   2
Pour upon it
Diluted Alcohol four parts,...   4
digest for twenty-four hours, stirring occasionally; then
pour off the clear liquid, and express. Pour again upon
the residue
Diluted Alcohol three parts,....   3
and operate as before.
Evaporate the mixed and filtered tinctures to a dry extract.
A brown powder, forming a turbid solution with water,
having a very bitter taste.
It should be cautiously preserved.




100
Extractum Taraxaci.
[EXTRACT OF DANDELION].             Lowenzahnextrakt.
It is prepared from the dried entire flowering plant of Dandelion, like Extract of Blessed Thistle.
The Extract is brown, forming a nearly clear solution
with water.
Extractum Trifolii fibrini.
[EXTRACT OF BUCKBEAN].               Fieberkleeextrakt.
It is prepared from Buckbean leaves, like Extract of Blessed
Thistle.
The Extract is dark-brown, forming a clear solution with
water.
Extractum Valerianae.
[EXTRACT OF VALERIAN].                 Baldrianextrakt.
It is prepared from Valerian Root. It is made into a thick
extract, like Extract of Orange Peel.
The Extract is dark-brown, forming a turbid solution with
wvater.
Faba Calabarica.
[CALABAR BEAN].                          Kalabarbohne.
Semen Physostigmatis.
Physostigma venenosum Balfour.
The seeds are oval or oblong, more or less kidney-shaped,
somewhat compressed; about four centimetres in length, two
centimetres in breadth, and eleven millimetres in thickness;
covered with a brown, slightly shining, granular, wrinkled
integument (testa), inclosing two, oval, whitish, brittle cotyledons. The seeds are convex on the one side, and more or
less sinuous on the other, exhibiting a deeply furrowed margin
of the hilum.
The seeds should be cautiously preserved.




101
Farina Hordei prasparata.
[PREPARED BARLEY FLOUR].    Praiparirtes Gerstenmehl.
Barley Flour is introduced into a cylindrical, tinned vessel,
and pressed, so as to have two-thirds of the vessel filled.
The closed vessel is then exposed to the heat of a steam-bath
for thirty hours. When cold, the upper layer is removed and
rejected, and the remaining reddish-yellow mass is converted
into a powder, and preserved in a dry place.
Fel Tauri depuratum  siccum.
[REFINED DRY OX-GALL]. Trockne gereinigte Ochsengalle.
[Purified Oxc Bile].
Take of Fresh Ox-gall,
Alcohol, each, equal parts.
Mix thoroughly, set aside a short time, then filter, and distill off the alcohol by means of a steam-bath.
Add gradually to the residue, stirring repeatedly, a sufficient quantity of moist animal charcoal, previously purified
by hydrochloric acid, until a small portion, taken out and
filtered, shows only a slight yellow color. The whole is then
filtered, and the liquid converted into a dry extract.
It forms a yellowish-white powder, giving a clear solution,
of the same color, both with alcohol and water. The powder
attracts moisture readily, and leaves, after combustion, only
a very little white residue, which has an alkaline reaction.
One hundred parts of fresh ox-gall yield about seven parts
of refined dry ox-gall.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Fel Tauri inspissatum.
[INSPISSATED OX-GALL].         Eingedickte Ochsengalle.
[Inspissated Ox Bile].
Ox-gall is heated and then strained through linen cloth,
and evaporated by means of a steam-bath, in a porcelain
vessel, without stirring, to the consistence of a thick extract.
It has a brownish-green color, forming a clear, greenish
solution with water.
9*




102
Ferrum carbonicum saccharatum.
[SACCIIARATED  CARBONATE  OF IRON].    Zuckerhaltiges
kohlensaures Eisen.
Take of Pure Protosulphate of Iron five parts...   5
Dissolve it in
Hot Distilled Water twenty parts,...  20
then pour it into a solution of
Bicarbonate of Sodium four parts,...   4
Warm Water fifty parts,...              50
contained in a sufficiently capacious glass flask, with a
narrow neck. Fill the empty part of the flask with
boiling water, and set the mixture aside for two hours.
Draw off the supernatant liquid from the precipitate, by
means of a syphon, and then fill the flask again with
distilled water, and shake it; pour the clear liquid off
again, and repeat the operation until the decanted liquid
shows but a slight turbidity with chloride of barium.
Then introduce the precipitated mass, free from water,
into a porcelain capsule, containing
Sugar, powdered, eight parts,.   8
and by means of a steam-bath evaporate to dryness, and
reduce to powder.
It has a greenish-gray color, and at first a sweetish taste,
afterwards slightly ferruginous. Hydrochloric acid dissolves
it with copious evolution of carbonic acid gas. This solution
should scarcely become turbid on the addition of chloride of
barium. Saccharated Carbonate of Iron contains twenty per
cent. of carbonate of iron.
A brown preparation, that effervesces but slightly with
acids, should be rejected.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Ferrum chloratum.
[PROTOCHLORIDE OF IRON].                    Eisenchloriir.
Ferrum muriaticum oxydulatum.
Take of Pure Hydrochloric Acid five hundred and twenty
parts,........   520
introduce it into a sufficiently capacious flask, and add,
in successive small portions, of
Iron, in wire or filings, one hundred and ten
parts........   110




103
When the evolution of gas has nearly ceased, place
the flask in a steam-bath for several hours; then filter
from the undissolved portion of iron, and immediately
evaporate, with a rather strong heat, in a porcelain
vessel, until a pellicle begins to form. Then add of
Pure Hydrochloric Acid one part,..   1
evaporate the whole, stirring constantly, to a stiff pasty mass,
which, when removed from the fire, solidifies into a saline
mass. Powder, and introduce it into rather small, previously
warmed bottles, which must be tightly closed.
A light-greenish, saline powder, forming a clear solution
with an equal weight of water when acidulated with a few
drops of hydrochloric acid. This solution should not become
turbid on the addition of three times its volume of alcohol,
nor afford a precipitate with chloride of barium.
Ferrum citricum oxydatum.
[CITRATE OF IRON].             Citronensaures Eisenoxyd.
Take of Citric Acid one part...,..   1
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water four parts,....   4
and mix gradually with
Hydrated Oxide of Iron,
recently precipitated, and still moist, a sufficient quantity, so
that after a digestion at a gentle heat, for some time, with
repeated stirring, a small portion remains undissolved. The
filtered liquid is then evaporated, at a moderate heat, in a
porcelain capsule, to the consistence of a syrup and spread upon
plates of glass or porcelain, and allowed to dry.
The salt consists of, mostly thin, dry, amorphous, translucent scales, of a brownish-red color, having a mildly ferruginous taste. It is readily and wholly soluble in cold water,
yielding a yellowish solution, which affords no precipitate on
the addition of water of ammonia.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.




104
Ferrum  citricum  ammoniatum.
[CITRATE  OF IRON  AND  AMMONIUM].   Citronensaures
Eisenoxyd-Ammonium.
Ferrum citricum tcum Ammonio oitrico. Ferro-Ammonium citricum.
Take of Citric Acid two parts.....   2
Dissolve it in
Distilled water eight parts,....   8
mix gradually with
Hydrated Oxide of Iron,
recently precipitated and still moist, a sufficient quantity,
so that after a digestion for some time, at a gentle heat,
with repeated stirring, a small portion (of the oxide)
remains undissolved.  Then filter the solution, add a
little water through the filter to wash it, and dissolve
in the filtered liquid
Citric Acid one part,......   1
and add of
Water of Ammonia,
a sufficient quantity, so that the ammonia shall be in slight excess. Then evaporate the liquid in a porcelain capsule, with
a moderate heat, to the consistence of syrup, and spread it
on glass or porcelain plates, and allow it to dry.
In dry, amorphous scales which are mostly thin and translucent, having a reddish-brown color, and at first an acrid,
saline taste, afterwards slightly ferraginous.
The aqueous solution yields no precipitate on addition of
water of ammonia, but when heated with solution of caustic
potassa, peroxide of iron is thrown down with evolution of
ammonia.
Ferrum iodatum.
[IODIDE OF IRON].                 Eisenjodiir.  Jodeisen.
Take of Powdered Iron three parts,....   3
Distilled Water eighteen parts,.              18
Iodine eight parts.......   8
Introduce them into a glass flask, heat the mixture moderately until a greenish liquid is produced, then filter and add
a little water through the filter to wash it.
Eight parts of iodine employed, correspond to ten parts of
iodide of iron.
Iodide of iron should be prepared extempore after this formula, and added to the mixtures prescribed by the physician.
If it is to be added to a pill-mass, the liquid is previously
evaporated to a proper consistence with a gentle heat.




105
Ferrum iodatum saccharatum.
[SACCHARATED IODIDE OF IRON]. Zuckerhaltiges Jodeisen.
Take of Powdered Iron three parts,....   3
Distilled Water ten parts,.....  10
Iodine eight parts.....   8
Introduce them into a glass flask, set aside in a warm
place, agitate frequently, until the red color of the liquid
is changed to a greenish color.
Then filter into a porcelain capsule, containing
Sugar of Milk, powdered, forty parts,          40
add a little distilled water through the filter to wash it, mix
well and evaporate to dryness, by means of a steam-bath,
stirring constantly, until it is reduced to a dry state, and
then rub the mass to powder.
A yellowish-white powder, soluble in seven parts of water,
forming almost a clear solution. It contains twenty per cent.
of iodide of iron.  An aqueous solution, mixed first with
starch and then cautiously with chlorine water, is colored a
deep blue.
It should be cautiously preserved in rather small, well-closed
vessels.
Ferrum lacticum.
[LACTATE OF IRON].              Milchsaures Eisenoxydul.
A crystalline powder, of a light greenish-yellow color,
nearly inodorous, sparingly soluble in alcohol, soluble in fortyeight parts of water, forming a greenish-yellow solution, which
is scarcely rendered turbid by acetate of lead. When heated
with solution of caustic soda and filtered, the filtrate, to which
has been added a little sulphate of copper, and gently heated,
does not coagulate, nor is it rendered turbid with a red
coloration.




106
Ferrum  oxydatum  fuscum.
[HYDRATED OXIDE OF IRON. HYDRATED PEROXIDE OF IRON].
Eisenoxydhydrat.
Ferrum oxydatum hydratum. Ferrum hydricum.
Take of Solution of Persulphate of Iron forty parts,.  40
Distilled Water one hundred and sixty parts.. 160
Mix, and add of
Water of Ammonia thirty-two parts,..    32
diluted with
Distilled Water sixty-four parts,.          64
or so much ammonia that it shall be in slight excess. Collect
the resulting precipitate on a filter, wash it with water,
express, and dry it at a gentle heat.
It forms a very fine powder, of a reddish-brown color,
yielding, with hydrochloric acid, a clear saffron-colored liquid,
which, when diluted with twenty parts of water, must show
but a slight turbidity on the addition of chloride of barium.
It should be preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Ferrum  oxydatum  saccharatum  solubile.
[SACCHARATED OXIDE OF IRON].                Eisenzucker.
Take of Solution of Sesquichloride of Iron,...  20
Simple Syrup, each, twenty parts...  20
Mix, and while stirring, add slowly of
Solution of Caustic Soda forty parts,.     40
and set aside for twenty-four hours. Then pour the
clear liquid into
Hot Distilled Water three hundred parts,.    300
stir, and allow it to settle. Decant the supernatant
liquid, and again pour distilled water upon the precipitate, collect it on a filter, and wash it with distilled
water so long as the water runs off colorless, and gives
a rather strong alkaline reaction. Allow the precipitate
to drain, to free it from most of the water, mix it in a
porcelain capsule with
Best White Sugar, powdered, ninety parts,.  90
and evaporate to dryness, by means of a steam-bath,
stirring constantly. Then mix with
Best White Sugar, powdered, a quantity sufficient that the whole shall be one hundredparts. 100




107
Reduce the mass to powder, and preserve it in a well-closed
vessel.
It forms a reddish powder, of a sweet and mild ferruginous
taste. It is wholly soluble in five parts of water, yielding a
reddish-brown liquid, having a feeble alkaline reaction. It
contains three per cent. of metallic iron.
Ferrum phosphoricum.
[PHOSPHATE OF IRON].        Phosphorsaures Eisenoxydul.
Take of Pure Protosulphate of Iron three parts,..   3
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water eighteen parts,.              18
then add to the liquid a solution of
Phosphate of Sodium four parts,...   4
Distilled Water sixteen parts....  16
The resulting precipitate is immediately collected on a
filter, washed with water, dried at a temperature not exceeding
250 C., and reduced to powder.
It forms a very fine powder, of a grayish-blue color, which,
when heated, turns to a grayish-green. It is insoluble in
water; but diluted hydrochloric acid, with a gentle heat, dissolves it, forming a golden-yellow solution.
It should be preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Ferrum pulveratum.
[POWDERED IRON].                            Eisenpulver.
XIimatutra Martis praeparata.
A very fine, gray, heavy powder, of a metallic lustre. On
the addition of hydrochloric acid, only traces of hydrosulphuric acid gas should be developed, which may be detected
by paper saturated with a solution of subacetate of lead.
When the solution, made with hydrochloric acid, is completely
oxidized by nitric acid, and an excess of water of ammonia
added, and filtered, the filtrate should not be rendered turbid
by hydrosulphate of ammonium.




108
Ferrum  pyrophosphoricum cum Ammonio citrico.
[PYROPHOSPHATE OF IRON WITH CITRATE OF AMMONIUM].
Pyrophosphorsaures Eisenoxyd mit citronensaurem
Ammonium.
Take of Pyrophosphate of Sodium eighty-four parts..  84
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water five hundred parts,.       500
pour this solution gradually into
Solution of Sesquichloride of Iron eighty-four
parts,.......  84
previously diluted with
Distilled Water eight hundred parts... 800
Add the resulting precipitate, well washed with water
and still moist, to a solution consisting of
Citric Acid twenty-six parts,...  26
Distilled Water fifty parts,....  50
then add of
Water of Ammonia so much
that the ammonia shall be in slight excess. When the solution is completed, evaporate the yellowish liquid, with a gentle
heat, to the consistence of syrup, and spread it in thin layers,
on flat plates and dry it properly.
In thin, greenish-yellow scales, of a mild ferruginous taste,
readily and completely soluble in water. The solution is not
precipitated by water of ammonia, but, when heated with
solution of caustic potassa, it yields, with the evolution of
ammonia, a yellowish-white precipitate.
Ferrum reductum.
[REDUCED IRON].                       Reducirtes Eisen.
[Iron reduced by IHydrogen]. Ferrum Hfydrogenio reductum.
A very fine, black, heavy powder, without lustre. It is
converted into peroxide of iron by heating it in the air. It
is wholly soluble in diluted hydrochloric acid, with the evolution of perfectly inodorous hydrogen gas, forming a bluishgreen solution, which is but slightly reddened by sulphocyanide of potassium.
When digested with aqueous solution of bromine at a
gentle heat, it must not leave more than one half of the iron
undissolved, which, however, should be perfectly soluble in
hydrochloric acid.




109
Ferrum sesquichloratum.
[SESQUICHLORIDE OF IRON].  Krystallisirtes Eisenchloril.
[Perchloride of Iron]. -Ferrum muriaticum oxydatum.
A yellow, crystalline mass, deliquescing slowly in the air,
wholly soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, having but a
feeble odor of hydrochloric acid (Fe, C16 + 12 H2 0).
A solution with fifty parts of water is colored brown by
ferridcyanide of potassium, but no blue precipitate should be
thrown down. When mixed with a solution of protosulphate
of iron, no blue coloration is produced on the cautious addition of pure concentrated sulphuric acid.
It should be preserved in a well-closed, glass-stoppered
bottle.
Ferrum sulfuricum crudum.
[CRUDE PROTOSULPHATE OF IRON].               Eisenvitriol.
[Copperas. Green Vitriol]. Gruner Vitriol. Ferrum sulphuricum venale.
Vitriolum Miartis.
In crystalline masses, or in transparent, rhomboidal, prismatic crystals, of a green color. It is sometimes contaminated
with copper or other metals, and is, therefore, unfit for medicinal use.
Ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum ammoniatum.
[SULPHATE OF IRON AND AMMONIUM].    Schwefelsaures
Eisenoxyd-A m monium.
Ammoniakalischer E-isenalaun.
Take of Solution of Persulphate of Iron three hundred
parts,........ 300
Sulphate of Ammonium twenty-eight parts,.  28
Distilled Water one hundred parts... 100
Mix them in a porcelain capsule, and evaporate to crystallization.
The crystals are allowed to form by the gradual cooling of
the liquid, and, having poured off the mother liquor, are
quickly washed with a little water, and dried at a gentle
heat.
10




110
In octahedral crystals, of a pale amethyst-violet color, soluble in four parts of cold water. The aqueous solution gives
the reactions of sesquioxide of iron, ammonia, and sulphuric
acid. When heated with an excess of solution of caustic
potassa, it liberates ammonia, and throws down a precipitate
of hydrated sesquioxide of iron. The liquid separated by
filtration, acidulated with hydrochloric acid, and then treated
with carbonate of ammonium in excess, must not yield a white
precipitate of hydrate of alumina.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Ferrum sulfuricum purum.
[PURE PROTOSULPHATE OF IRON].  Reines schwefelsaures
Eisenoxydul.
[Sulphate of Iron]. Reiner Eisenvitriol. Vitriolum l!Lartis puurnm.
In translucent crystals, or in crystalline powder, of a light
bluish-green color, soluble in less than two parts of cold, and
in equal parts of boiling water; insoluble in alcohol; efflorescent in dry air.
The characteristic marks of its purity are similar to those
of powdered iron.
It should be preserved in small, well-closed vessels.
Ferrum sulfuricum siccum.
[DRIED PROTOSULPHATE OF IRON]. Entwissertes schwefelsaures Eisenoxydul.
Take of Pure Protosulphate of Iron a desired quantity.
Expose it to a heat of 100~ C., in a porcelain capsule, until it
is changed to a whitish mass, then reduce it to powder, and
preserve it in a well-closed vessel.
A fine, greenish-white powder, slowly soluble in water,
without a residue.




111
Flores Arnica.
[ARNICA FLOWERS].                  Wohlverleihbliithen.
Arni kabluthen.
Arnica montana Linn.
The fiorets are of a pale orange-yellow color, provided with
hairy, scabrous, fragile pappus. They are pubescent at the
ovary and inside the tube; the ray-florets are pistillate
(female), ligulate, and three-toothed, about four millimetres
broad. The disk florets are perfect (hermaphrodite), tubular,
with a five-toothed margin. Only the rayed flower-heads,
deprived of the involucre, should be dispensed. The flowers
have an acrid, but mildly bitter taste, causing sneezing when
rubbed between the fingers.
They should not be confounded with other flowers of the
Composite family, from which they are sufficiently distinguished by the above-given characteristic marks; and they
should not have been attacked by the black larvae of the
arnica fly, Trypeta Arnica.
Flores Aurantii.
[ORANGE FLOWERS].                  Pomeranzenbliithen.
Citrus Aurantium Risso, and amara LTinn.
The recent flowers, of a very fragrant odor, with oblong,
somewhat fleshy, very white petals; not having the roseate
tint on the outside like those of Citrus Limonum Risso. The
flowers have polyadclphous stamens, one-styled ovary, and
a small, toothed calyx.
Flores Chamomillae Romanae.
[CHAMOMILE. ROMAN CHAMOMILE].  Riomische Kamille.
Anthemis nobilis Linn.
Flower-heads radiate, becoming double by cultivation; involucre imbricate; receptacle convex, and furnished with
obtuse, lacerated palea (chaff). The disk-florets are tubular,
yellow, but mostly converted into larger, white, ligulate
florets without pappus.  The flowers have a strong, aromatic odor, and a bitter taste. They should not be confounded
with the much smaller and double ones of Fever-few (Pyrethrum
Parthenium Smith), and Sneezewort (Achillea Ptarmica Linn.)




112
Flores Chamomillae vulgaris.
[GERMAN CHAMOMILE].                              Kamille.
Gemeine Kamille.
Mlatricaria Chamomilla Linn.
Flower-heads radiate, with an imbricated involucre, and a
conical, naked receptacle; ligulate, white ray-florets, and
tubular yellow disk-florets, without pappus.
The flowers have a strong, peculiar odor, and a bitter taste.
They should not be confounded with the flowers of Pyrethrum inodorum Smith, and Anthemis Cotula and arvensis Linn.
The flowers of Pyrethrum inodorum and Anthemis arvensis are
larger, and have convex, medullary receptacles, which, besides,
are chaffy in Anthemis. In the fetid flowers of Anthemis Cotula
the receptacle is medullary, and provided with bristly chaff.
Flores Cinae.
[SANTONICA. LEVANT WORMSEED].              Wurmsamen.
Zittwersamen. Semen vel Anthodia Cince. Semen Santonici. Semen
sanctum.
An undetermined species of Artemisia; tribe Seriphidiae.
The unexpanded, smooth flower-heads, having- an oblong,
prismatic shape, a greenish, yellowish, or brownish color;
about two millimetres long, inclosing a few florets. The
involucre is imbricated, consisting of keeled scales, with membranous margins, dotted on the dorsal side with minute,
golden-yellow glands. The outer scales are ovate, and smaller
than the inner, oblong ones. Santonica possesses a peculiar,
camphorous, but disagreeable odor and taste.
The so-called Levant Wormseed should only be used; the
old and brown should be rejected.
The flowers known as India Wormseed, which are larger,
and have often open flower-heads, and are somewhat hairy,
covered with larger glands; and the more globular, grayish,
downy, known as Barbary Wormseed, should be rejected.




113
Flores Kosso.
[Koosso].                                          Kosso.
[Cusso]. Kusso. Kossobluthen. Flores Brayerce anthelminthic.
Hagenia Abyssinica Willdenow, (Brayera anthelminthica Kunth).
Compressed, branching, hairy, bracteate panicles of crowded
female flowers. They are perigynous, bibracteolate, often
deflorated; the roundish bracts, and the four or five outer,
oblong, membranous, and reticulated sepals, of a reddish or
greenish color, and about one centimetre long, are inclosed
in a short, top-shaped, hairy involucre. The flowers possess
a bitter, nauseous taste.
They should be preserved in well-closed vessels, protected
from the light, and, before dispensing, freed from the larger
branches of the panicle.
Flores Lavandulae.
[LAVENDER FLOWERS.]                     Lavendelbliithen.
-Flores Lavendule.
Lavandula officinalis Chaix, (Lavendula vera DC.)
Flowers blue, with a violet-hairy, striated, five-toothed calyx,
the upper tooth the largest; corolla bilabiate. They have a
penetrating, aromatic odor.
The flowers must be gathered before they are quite open.
Flores Malvae arboreae.
[HOLLYHOCK FLOWERS].                          Stockrosen.
Flores Malvae hortensis vet Alcee.
Althaea rosea Cavanilles.
Flowers with a double, tomentose calyx, of which the outer
one is often six-cleft, and the inner one five-cleft; the corolla
is malvaceous, of a dark-brown color, often double, about five
centimetres long, having monadelphous stamens. The flowers
are mucilaginous, and mildly astringent.
The fully opened and perfect flowers must be gathered; the
mouldy and worm-eaten should be rejected.
10*




114
Flores Malvae vulgaris.
[COMMON MALLOW FLOWERS].   Gemeine Malvenblithen.
Flores Mialvmw silvestris.
[Malva silvestris Linn.
Flowers with a double calyx, of which the outer one is
three-parted, and the inner five-cleft, and a very delicate, fivepetalled corolla, nearly two centimetres long, of a roseate
color, which changes to a lilac by drying; having monadelphous stamens. The flowers are mucilaginous.
Flores Millefolii.
[YARROW FLOWERS].                    Schafgarbenbliithen.
Summitates MilUefolii,.
Achillea Millefolium Linn.
Flower-heads radiate, small, with a few florets; the heads
disposed in a corymb; receptacle chaffy; involucre ovoid, imbricated with roundish, subtomentose scales, having scarious
margins. The florets are white, or rose-colored, without
pappus; rays mostly five, pistillate, and very broadly ligulate;
disk-florets few, tubular, perfect. The flowers have a bitter
taste, and aromatic odor.
Flores Primulae.
[COWSLIP.  PRIMROSE FLOWERS].           Schliisselblumen.
Jilores Primulw sveris.
Primula officinalis Jacq. (Primula veris Sm.)
The corolla is funnel-shaped, about two and a half centimetres long, of a lemon-yellow color, with a concave, fivelobed border, marked.with five saffron-yellow spots in the
throat. For use they are separated from the calyx. They
have a feeble, honey-like odor, and sweetish taste.
They should be gathered in April and May. They must
not be confounded with the flowers of Primula elatior Jacq.
(Ox-lip Primrose), having a corolla with an entire border.




115
Flores Rhoeados.
[RED POPPY].                              Klatschrosen.
Papaver Rhueas Liunn.
The petals of Red Poppy are roundish, very delicate, attenuated at the base, about five centimetres broad, of a dull-purple
color when dry, having frequently a black claw. They are
nearly inodorous, somewhat mucilaginous, with a slightly
bitter taste.
Discolored, mouldy, and worm-eaten petals should be rejected.
Flores Rose.
[PALE ROSE].                                      Rose.
[Hundred-leaved Rose]. Centifolienrose.
Rosa eentifolia Linn.
The recent petals, concave, of a pale red color, having a
very agreeable odor; when dry they are paler, and less
fragrant. In preserving them with salt, two parts of the
petals and one part of common salt are strewn in alternate
layers, in a suitable vessel; the layers pressed down and
loaded with stones, and the vessel kept in a cool place.
Flores Sambuci.
[ELDER FLOWERS].                        Fliederblumen.
Hollunderblithen.
Sambucus nigra Linn..
Five-branched, many-flowered cymes; corolla epigynous,
rotate, of a yellowish-white color, having a peculiar taste
and odor.
Elder Flowers should be gathered in dry weather, and dark
ones must be rejected.




116
Flores Tiliae.
[LINDEN FLOWERS].                        Lindenbliithen.
Tilia ulmifolia and Tilia platyphyllos Scopoli.
Three to seven-flowered cymose peduncle, which is connate
one-half its length, to a dry, leaf-like, linear-oblong, net-veined
bract, of a greenish-yellow color. The flowers are yellowishwhite, with five petals and five sepals, numerous hypogynous
stamens. The ovary is nearly globular, tomentose.
Linden Flowers have a feeble odor when dry, and a sweetish
taste.
They should be preserved in well-closed vessels, and kept
no longer than a year.
Flores Verbasci.
[COMMON MULLEIN FLOWERS].                  Wollblumen,
Konigskerzenblumen.
Verbascum thapsiforme Schrader, and other species of
Verbascum.
Corolla rather large, rotate, nearly regular, of a goldenyellow color (stamens five), three upper ones whitishdowny, and shorter than the two lower ones, which are
smooth; anthers, long decurrent. The flowers have a faint
odor, are mucilaginous when chewed, and of a sweetish taste.
They should be gathered in dry weather, separated from
the calyx, and preserved in well-closed vessels, which are
warmed before the introduction of the flowers.
Folia Alth.ae.
[MARSHMALLOW LEAVES].                     Altheeblatter.
Eibischkraut. Herba Althwaee.
Althsea officinalis Linn.
The leaves are petiolate, sub-cordate, pointed, three or fivelobed, or entire, dentate, and covered on both sides with a
soft down. They are mucilaginous when chewed.




117
Folia Aurantii.
[ORANGE LEAVES].                    Pomeranzenblaitter.
Citrus vulgaris RUsso.
The leaves are oblong, pointed and smooth, exhibiting pellucid dots. The jointed petiole is provided with rather broad
wings (lateral appendages), and is obovate or obcordate in
form. The letaves have a bitterish taste, and, when rubbed,
exhale a fragrant odor.
They should be collected in summer, and not be confounded
with the leaves of Citrus Limonum and medica Risso, in which
the wings of the petiole are much smaller, or entirely wanting.
Folia Belladonnae.
[BELLADONNA LEAVES].                Tollkirschenblatter.
Belladonnablatfer. Rerba Belladonnce.
Atropa Belladonna Linn.
The leaves are oval, narrowing toward the petiole, entire,
pointed, of a dark-green color on their upper surface. The
younger leaves are pubescent, the older only slightly so on
the nerves. They have a faint, narcotic odor, and a weak,
disagreeable, somewhat bitter taste.
The leaves should be gathered from the perennial plant
(growing spontaneously in the mountains of Middle and
Southern Europe), while blossoming in the summer months,
and be quickly dried; they have a dark-green color. They
should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
The powder should be prepared from the recently dried
leaves, and kept in a well-closed vessel, in a dark place.
Preserve them cautiously.
Folia Digitalis.
[DIGITALIS, OR FOXGLOVE LEAVES].       Fingerhutkraut.
Herba Digitalis purpurewe.
Digitalis purpurea Linn.
The leaves are oblong, narrowing towards the petiole, crenate, wrinkled, more or less tomentose, especially on their
under surface; they have a bitter nauseous taste.
The leaves must be gathered from the flowering plant,
growing spontaneously, and not from the cultivated one; and
should be dried in the shade, cautiously preserved in a vessel,
protected from the light, and renewed once a year.




118
Folia Farfarae.
[COLTSFOOT].                           Huflattigbliitter.
Herba Farfarce vel lTussilaginis.
Tussilago Farfara Linn.
The leaves are roundish-cordate, angular-sinuate, toothed,
light-green above, and- covered with a whitish down beneath;
of a bitter and slightly astringent taste.
They should be gathered in May, and not be confounded
with the younger leaves of Petasites officinalis Mcench, which
are kidney-heart-shaped, and grayish-woolly beneath; nor
with the' kidney-shaped leaves of Petasites tomentosus DC.
Folia Hyoscyami.
[HiYOSCYAMUS LEAVES].                      Bilsenkraut.
[Henbane Leaves]. Herba Byoscyami.
Hyoseyamus niger Linn.
The leaves are hairy, oblong-ovate, sinuate-dentate. They
have a nauseous, narcotic odor.
They should be gathered from the spontaneously-growing,
flowering plant, and be cautiously preserved, but not kept
longer than a year.
Folia Juglandis.
[EUROPEAN WALNUT LEAVES].              WallnussblItter.
Juglans regia Linn.
The leaves are impari-pinnate, consisting generally of nine
large, oblong-ovate leaflets, bearded beneath at the angles of
the veins; the lateral leaflets are only jointed. They have a
peculiar odor, and a somewhat bitter taste.
The leaves should be gathered in June, quickly dried, and
carefully preserved. The dried leaves should have a green
color.




119
Folia Laurocerasi.
[CHERRY-LAUREL LEAVES].            Kirschlorbeerblatter.
Prunus Laurocerasus Linn.
The recent leaves; they have a short petiole, are oblong,
eight to sixteen centimetres long, remotely serrate, coriaceous,
smooth, veined, and provided with glands on their lower surface towards the angles of the veins.  The odor of the
rubbed leaves does not differ from that of bitter almonds.
The taste is bitter and astringent.
They should be gathered in July and August.
Folia Malvae.
[COMMON MALLOW].                         Malvenblatter.
lerba trmalc.
Malva vulgaris Fries, ([i1alva rotundifolia Bauhin),  Malva
silvestris Linn.
Leaves with long petioles, nearly kidney-shaped, or heartshaped, roundish, loosely hairy, five or seven-lobed. The
lobes are serrate, broadly obtuse, or extended. The leaves
are mucilaginous when chewed.
Folia Melissae.
[BALM, OR MELISSA LEAVES].              Melissenbl'atter.
Bierba Melissme.
Melissa officinalis Linn. a. citrata Bischoff.
The leaves are petiolate, ovate, or nearly heart-shaped,
crenate-serrate, of a green color, paler beneath; glandular,
and slightly hairy on the nerves. They have an agreeable
odor, and a mildly bitter taste. They should not be confounded with the leaves of Nepeta Cataria Linn. A. citriodora,
which are grayish-woolly underneath.




120
Folia Menthae crispae.
[CURLED-MINT].                      Krauseminzbl/tter.
Herba Menthe cris8pce.
Mentha crispa Linn., et Mentha crispata Schrader.
Leaves subsessile, cordate or rounded-ovate, blisteredwrinkled, wavy, incised-toothed, obtuse or pointed, hairy or
smooth, glandular.
The leaves have a burning taste, when chewed, and a peculiar odor. They should be gathered during the summer
months.
Folia Menthae piperitae.
[PEPPERMINT].                             Pfefferminze.
Herba Menthae piperitce.
Mentha piperita Linn.
Ijeaves with rather long petioles; oblong, pointed, sharplytoothed, subglabrous, glandular, of a fragrant odor and camphorous taste, followed by a sensation of coolness in the
mouth.
The leaves should be collected in the summer months, and
should not be confounded with the leaves of Mentha viridis
Linn., which are sessile and less aromatic.
Folia Nicotianae.
[TOBACCO LEAVES].                        Tabaksblatter.
Herba Tabaci.
Nicotiana Tabacum Linn.
Leaves large, oblong-lanceolate, entire, pointed, narrowing
towards the base, with glandular hairs on their surface;
brown when dried. They are acrid, when chewed, and have
a peculiar odor.
The leaves of Virginia tobacco, of one year's growth, should
only be employed.




121
Folia Rosmarini.
[ROSEMARY LEAVES].                     Rosmarinblatter.
H~erba Rosmarini vel Roris marini.
Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.
Leaves rigid, linear, rugose, glandular, revolute at the edge,
hoary beneath, with a prominent nerve, having a camphorous
odor and taste.
The leaves of the plant growing spontaneously in Southern
Europe should have the preference.
Folia Rutae.
[RUE LEAVES].                            Rautenblatter.
Iferba RtRut.
Ruta graveolens Linn.
Leaves petiolate, nearly tripinnately parted, thickish,
grayish-green, glandular; terminal segments spatulate.
The fresh leaves have a strong odor, and a burning, somewhat bitter taste, which become milder in the dried leaves.
They should be gathered before the plant is in blossom.
Folia Salviae.
[SAGE LEAVES].                             Salbeiblatter.
Herba Saltice.
Salvia officinalis Linn.
Leaves petiolate, oblong, wrinkled, crenulate, and thinly
tomentose. They have an aromatic odor, and a bitter, astringent taste.
The leaves should be gathered before the plant begins to
blossom.




122
Folia Sennae.
[SENNA].                                  Sennesbla/tter.
[Alexandria or Tripoli Senna]. Alexandrisehe odor Tripolitanische
Sennesblatter.
Cassia lenitiva Bischoff (Senna acutifolia Batka).
Leaflets subcoriaceous, oval or oblong, widest in the middle,
oblique at their base, pointed, mucronulate, veined, more or
less puberulent, and of a pale, grayish-green color. They
have a peculiar odor, and a somewhat bitter, nauseous taste.
The Alexandria or Tripoli Senna should only be used, and it
is not necessary that it shall be entirely free from the leaves
of Solenostemma Arghel Hayne, which are rigid, lanceolate,
with an equal base, one-nerved, glaucous, and pubescent; but
the senna should be as free as possible from pods and leafstalks. The following kinds should not be employed: the
leaflets of Cassia angustifolia Vahl, which are oblong-lanceolate, acute, widest at their base; the wild (inferior), East
India or Mecca senna; the cultivated Tinnevelly senna, with
large, unbroken leaflets; nor the obovate leaflets of Cassia
obovata Colladon, commonly called Aleppo or Italian senna.
Senna leaves, known as small senna (Senna parvee), consisting of fragmentary leaves, should not be employed, on
account of their frequent adulteration.
Folia Sennae Spiritu extracta.
[SENIA EXHAUSTED BY ALCOHOL]. Mit Spiritus ausgezogene Sennesblaitter.
Senna leaves are macerated with four parts of Alcohol for
two days, then expressed and dried.
Folia Stramonii.
[STRAMONIUM LEAVES].                   Stechapfelblatter.
Herba Stramonii.
Datura Stramonium %inn.
Leaves petiolate, ovate, acute, sinuate-dentate, dark-green
above, paler beneath, and puberulent on the nerves; having
a narcotic odor, and a bitter, nauseous taste.
The leaves should be gathered when the plant is in blossom,
and be cautiously preserved, but not kept longer than a year.




123
Folia Toxicodendri.
[POISON OAK. POISON IVY].             Giftsumachbliitter.
Herba Rhois Tozciodendri.
Rhus Toxicodendron lMlichaux.
Leaves long-petiolate, ternate, with membranous, acute
leaflets, the middle one being petiolate and oval, and the two
lateral sessile, ovate, with unequal sides. The fresh leaves
abound with an acrid juice, which darkens when exposed to
the air, and, when applied to the skin, produces inflammation
and swelling; the leaves should therefore not be touched with
the bare hands.
They should not be confounded with the leaves of Ptelea
trifoliata Linn., which are similar in appearance, but have all
the leaflets sessile.
The leaves must be gathered in June and July, and be
cautiously preserved, but not kept longer than a year.
Folia Trifolii fibrini.
[BUCKBEAN LEAVES].                    Fieberkleebla tter.
Bitterklee. Dreiblatt. ilerba Trifolii fibrini.
Menyanthes trifoliata Linn.
Leaves petiolate, ternate, with subsessile, thickish, oval or
oblong, obtuse, slightly repand-crenate, smooth, and lightgreen leaflets. They have a very bitter taste.
They should be gathered in May and June.
Folia Uvae Ursi.
[UVA URSI].                        Barentrauben blatter.
[Bearberry Leaves]. Folia Arctostaphyli. Herba TrUae Ursi.
Aretostaphylos Uva Ursi Sprengel (Arbutus Uva Ursi Linn.)
Leaves coriaceous, obovate, entire, smooth, shining, and
net-veined on both sides. Their taste is somewhat bitter and
astringent.
They should not be confounded with the leaves of Cowberry (Vaccinum Vitis-Idaea Linn.), with revolute margins,
beneath dull, veined, and marked with brown dots.
The leaves should be gathered in summer.




124
Fructus Anisi stellati.
[STAR-ANISE].                                  Sternanis.
Semen Anisi stellati.
Illicium anisatum iLoureiro.
Carpels drupaceous, about eight in number, disposed in a
star-like form; they are boat-shaped, compressed, rather hard,
externally grayish-brown and wrinkled; internally smooth;
one-seeded, and dehiscent at the upper suture. The seeds
are compressed, chestnut-brown and shining. Star-Anise has
a slightly acrid and sweetish taste, and an aromatic odor.
It should be as free as possible from stalks. The unripe,
small, and shriveled carpels, and the slightly odorous, should
be rejected.
Fructus Anisi vulgaris.
[ANISE].                                            Anis.
[Aniseed. Anise Fruit]. Gemeiner Anis. Semen Anisi vulgaris.
Pimpinella Anisum Linn.
The4fruit (schizocarp) is broadly ovate, slightly compressed
at the sides, densely covered with short, downy hairs; of a
grayish-green color. It is about two millimetres long, consisting commonly of the adherent mericarps, which have five
ridges and numerous vittme (oil-tubes). They have a sweetish,
somewhat burning taste when chewed. Their odor is aromatic.
The fruit should be perfectly ripe, and as free as possible
from stalks, particles of earth, and other impurities.
Fructus Aurantii immaturi.
[ORANGE BERRIES].                   Unreife Pomeranzen.
Aurantia immnatura.
Citrus vulgaris Risso (Citrus Aurantium, a. amara Linn.)
The unripe, dried berries; globose, glandular, many-celled,
hard; about the size of a cherry, of a dark-green color,
having an aromatic odor, and a bitter taste.




125
Fructus Cannabis.
[HEMP-SEED].                                Hanfsamen.
Hanfkorner. Semen Cannabis.
Cannabis satliva Linn.
The nutlets are broadly ovate, somewhat compressed, submarginate, smooth, and of a greenish-gray color, containing
a single, oleaginous seed.
The old and rancid seeds should be rejected.
Fructus Capsici.
[CAPsICUM].                           SpanischeP Pfeffer.
[Cayenne Pepper]. Piper Bispanicum.
Capsicum annuum et longum Fingerhut.
A juiceless, conical berry, generally of a red color, shining,
supported by a slightly flat calyx; hollow, incompletely two
to three-celled, with a thin, leathery pericarp. The seeds are
flat, yellowish, and. attached to a thick sporophore (placenta).
Capsicum, when chewed, produces an acrid, burning sensation
in the mouth, and, on being powdered, violent sneezing.
Fructus Cardamomi minores.
[SMALL CARDAMOM].                   Kleiner Kardamom.
[Officinal, or MlMalabar Cardamom]. Semen Cardamomi minoris. Cardamomum minus vet Malabarfcum.
Elettaria Cardamomum White et Matoni.
A chartaceous, triangular, striated, three-celled capsule, from
eight to twelve millimetres long, of a straw color, containing
small, hard, brown, wrinkled seeds, with' obtuse angles, being
furrowed on one side, and white internally. The seeds have
a strong, aromatic odor, and a burning taste when chewed.
Capsules, deprived of their seeds, should not be bought;
neither should the less aromatic, Ceylon, or Long cardamom,
nor the round Java cardamom, be employed.
Only the seeds, separated from the capsules, must be used
for the preparation of powder.
11*




126
Fructus Carvi.
[CARAWAY SEEDS].                                Kiimmel.
[Caraway Frluit]. Kummelsamen. Semen Carvi.
Carum Carvi Linn.
The fruit is oblong, much compressed on the sides, about
four millimetres long. The mericarps are readily separable;
they are narrow, lessening towards both ends, with five
whitish, filiform ridges, and broad, brownish channels; in
each one a single vitta. They have a slightly burning taste
when chewed, and a peculiar odor.
The fruit should be entirely ripe, and as free as possible
from stalks and other impurities.
Fructus Ceratoniae.
[ST. JOHN'S BREAD].                        Johannisbrot.
[Sweet-pod]. Siliqua dulcis.
Ceratonia Siiiqua Ltin.
Legumes, with cross septa; very much compressed, juiceless, fleshy; externally of a chestnut-brown color, and obtusely
four-cornered on a cross section. The mesocarp is somewhat
thick, lacunose, of a brownish color, and sweet taste. The
cells are one-seeded, and covered with a paper-like endocarp.
The seeds are flattened, very hard, and shining.
Very dry and worm-eaten pods should be rejected.
Fructus Colocynthidis.
[CoLOCYNTH].                                Koloquinten.
Colocynthis. Poma Colocynthidis.
Citrullus Coloeynthis Arnott (Cueumis Colocynthis Linn.)
The dried baccate fruit, deprived of the rind; it is globose,
about the size of an apple, having a very light, spongy,
whitish, and very bitter pulp, and numerous parietal seeds,
nidulant in the pulp.
Very fleshy colocynth, with comparatively few seeds, is
preferred; hard and brown should be rejected.
It should be cautiously preserved, and must be deprived of
the seeds before use.




127
Fructus Colocynthidis praeparati.
[PREPARED COLOCYNTH].            Praiparirte Koloquinten.
Take of Colocynth, deprived of seeds, and finely cut,
five parts,.......   5
Gum Arabic, powdered, one part.                 1
With sufficient Distilled Water make a paste, which, when
dry, reduce to a fine powder, and preserve it cautiously in a
well-closed vessel.
It forms a yellowish powder, which has a very bitter taste.
Fructus Coriandri.
[CORIANDER SEEDS].                      Koriandersamen.
[Coriander Fruit]. Semen Coriandri.
Coriandrum sativum Linn.
The fruit is globose, hollow, crowned with the calyx, two
to three millimetres in diameter, and of a yellowish-brown
color. The mericarps are mostly coherent, numerously
striated on the back, and without vittue. The taste of coriander is sweetish, burning when chewed, and the odor is
aromatic.
Fructus Foeniculi.
[FENNEL SEEDS].                           Fenchelsamen.
[Fennel Fruit]. Semen Faeniculi.
Feeniculum offleinale Allione (Anethum Foeniculum Linn.)
The fruit is oblong, somewhat terete, of a brownish, or
greenish color, about four millimetres long; mericarps easily
separable; with five pale, keeled ribs; channels brown, in
each a single vitta. They have a somewhat sweetish taste,
burning when chewed, and a peculiar odor.




128
Fructus Juniperi.
[JUNIPER BERRIES].                    Wachholderbeeren.
Bacew eJuniperus.
Juniperus communis Linn.
The berries are globose, about the size of a pea, fleshy, trigibbous at the top, three-seeded; externally black, and covered
with a bluish-green bloom; the flesh is of a greenish-brown
color; the seeds are osseous, and glandular. The berries
have a sweetish taste at first, afterwards somewhat bitter;
their odor is aromatic.
Juniper Berries that are unripe, green, gray, or brownishred, and those that are too old, must be rejected.
Fructus Lauri.
[BAY BERRIES].                                Lorbeeren.
Baccae Lauri.
Laurus nobilis Linn.
The dried drupes are oval, wrinkled, and of a brownishblack color, about the size of a small cherry; the mesocarp
is thin; putamen brownish-red and papery; seeds consisting
of two fleshy, oleaginous, easily separable, nearly hemispherical cotyledons, of a brownish color. Their odor is peculiar,
and their taste oily and bitter.
Fructus Myrtilli.
[MYRTLE BERRIES].                          Heidelbeeren.
[Whortleberries. Bilberries]. Baccae Mfyrtilli.
Vaceinium Myrtillus Linn.
Berries globular, umbilicate, many-seeded, dry, wrinkled,
and of the size of a pea, with a black color; filled with a
bluish-purple pulp, having a sweet-acidulous and mildly astringent taste. The berries should be sufficiently soft, not wormeaten, or mouldy.




129
Fructus Papaveris.
[POPPY  HEADS].                              Mohnkopfe.
Capita vel Capsulae Papaveris.
Papaver somniferum Linn.
The immature capsules [heads], about the size of a walnut,
ovate-oblong; crowned with the large, radiate, peltate stigma;
provided with numerous, parietal sporophores [placentme], and
many dry seeds. Poppy heads have a nauseous, bitter taste.
Fructus Petroselini.
[PARSLEY SEEDS].                        Petersiliensamen.
[Parsley Fruit]. Semen Petroselini.
Petroselinum sativum Hoffman.
The fruit is ovate, compressed on the sides, about two millimetres long, smooth, and of a grayish-green color; mericarps
easily separable; with five filiform ribs; channels elevated in
the middle, each one with a single vitta. The fruit has a
slightly burning taste, and a strong odor.
Fructus Phellandrii.
[FINE-LEAVED WATER-HEMLOCK SEEDS].   Wasserfenchel.
Semen Phellandrii aquatici.
(Enanthe Phellandrium Lamarck.
The fruit is oblong, subterate, narrowing towards the top,
crowned with the calyx, about four millimetres long, and of
a brown color. The mericarps are generally coherent, with
five obtuse ribs; channels narrow, with single vittme. Their
odor is disagreeably aromatic, and their taste bitterish. The
fruit should be perfectly ripe.
It should not be confounded with the fruits of Cicuta virosa
Linn., and Sium latifolium Linn., which are recognized by
their subglobose or ovate form, and their greenish color.




130
Fructus Rhamni catharticae.
[BUCKTHORN BERRIES].                   Kreuzdornbeeren.
Bacece Spinae cervinae. Baccaef Rhamni cathartica.
Rhamnus cathartica Linn.
The recent mature drupes; globose, about eight millimetres
in thickness, supported by an orbicular disk [base of the
calyx]. The drupes are black, and filled with a greenishviolet juice; they contain mostly four cartilaginous, obtusely
three-cornered nutlets (pyrenve), which are one-seeded and
grooved (campylospermous). The drupe of Alder Buckthorn
(Rhamnus Frangula Linn.), contains two or three nutlets,
which are flat (orthospermous), and of a pale brownish color.
Fructus Sabadillae.
[CEVADILLA SEEDS].                        Sabadillsamen.
Semen Sabadillce.
Sabadilla officinalis Brandt.
The carpels are in the form of three capsules united, papery,
light-brown, opening at the ventral suture, many-seeded, and
about twelve millimetres long, with the seeds generally fallen
out. The seeds are elongated, angular, narrowing upwards,
of a brownish-black color, internally white, four to six millimetres long, having an exceedingly bitter and very acrid,
persistent taste.
Cevadilla seeds should be cautiously preserved.
Fructus Vanillae.
[VANILLA].                                       Vanille.
Siliqua VanillUc.
Vanilla planifolia Andrews.
The not fully ripe, dry capsules (pods), somewhat fleshy,
pressed in a triangular shape, tapering toward both extremities, striated, flexible, and frequently covered with minute
crystals. They are from one and a half to two and a half
decimetres long, and from four to eight millimetres wide, of
a dark-brown color, one-celled, and closely filled with a granular
pulp, which has a very agreeable taste, and an odor resem



131
bling that of Balsam of Peru, and consists of innumerable,
exceedingly small black seeds, which are agglutinated and
covered with a very thin, balsamic layer.
Very unripe, slender, or juiceless fruit should not be employed, nor if already opened at the two valves; neither the
fruit that occurs in commerce as Laguayra and Pompona
Vanilla, which are thicker, but of a much feebler odor.
Fumigati Chlori.
[CHLORINE FUMIGATION].                 Chlorraiucherung.
For stronger fumigation, equal weights of Common Salt and
Black Oxide of Manganese are mixed, and two parts of Crude
Sulphuric Acid, previously diluted with one part of water
poured upon them.
For milder fumigation, Vinegar is added to Chlorinated
Lime, previously made into a paste with water.
Fungus igniarius praeparatus.
[AGARIC OF THE OAK].                    Feuerschwamm.
[Spunk. Surgeon's Agarie]. Boletus igniarius vet Chirurgorum.
Polyporus fomentarius Fries.
In very soft, rust-brown slices, deprived of the hard rind
and hymenium. They must not have been treated with
nitrate of potassium.
Fungus Laricis.
[LARCH AGARIC].                      Larchenschwamm.
[White Agaric. Purging Agaric]. Agaricus albus. Boletus Laricis.
Polyporus officinalis Fries (Boletus Laricis Linn.)
In light, spongy, fibrous pieces, which are friable, but tough,
and not easily pulverized. They have a yellowish-white
color, and a sweetish taste at first, afterwards bitter and acrid.
The decorticated agaric is only employed; the worm-eaten,
however, must be rejected.




132
Galbanum.
[GALBANUM].                                   Mutterharz.
Gumnmi-resina Galbanum.
Fernla erubescens Boissier.
Either in distinct, orin agglutinated tears, of irregular shape,
from the size of a pea to that of a hazelnut, having a paleyellow, reddish- or brownish-yellow color. Their fracture has
a waxy lustre, and a yellowish color. Sometimes it consists
of more or less soft, greenish, or pale-brown lumps, having a
lighter or darker marbled fracture.
Galbanum has an acrid and bitter taste, and a strongly balsamic odor.
It is powdered in cold weather, and separated from impurities by means of a sieve.
Gallae.
[NUTGALL.  GALLS].                              G allIpfel.
Gallce Hlalepenses v. Levantice v. 1turicce.
Quercus infeetoria Olivier.
Excrescences produced by the puncture of the gall-fly,
Cynips Galke tinctorice, on the leaf-bud of a species of a shrubby,
evergreen oak, growing in the East. Galls are more or less
globular, and covered with sharp, warty protuberances; they
are heavy, hard, and often exhibit a circular hole. They
have a greenish-gray color, varying from a lighter to a darker
shade, and an astringent taste when chewed.
The light, spongy, smooth-the so-called German gallsshould be rejected.
Gelatina.
[GELATINE].                                Weisser Leim.
[White Glue].
It should be almost colorless and inodorous.




133
Gelatina Carrageen.
[CARRAGEEN JELLY].               Irliandisch-Moosgallerte.
Karrag eeng allerte.
Take of Irish Moss one part,......   1
Common Water forty parts,                     40
boil for half an hour by the heat of a steam-bath, and
strain by expression. Then add of
Best White Sugar two parts,.   2
and evaporate the whole, stirring constantly, to ten parts.  10
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Gelatina Lichenis Islandici.
[ICELAND MoSS JELLY].            Islindisch-Moosgallerte.
Take of Iceland Moss, washed in cold water, three parts,   3
Common Water one hundred parts,..        100
boil for half an hour by means of a steam-bath, and
strain by expression. To the strained liquid, add of
Best White Sugar three parts,..            3
and evaporate the whole, stirring constantly, to ten parts.  10
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Gelatina Lichenis Islandici saccharata sicca.
[DRY SACCHARATED ICELAND MOSS JELLY]. Trockne gezuckerte Islandisch-Moosgallerte.
Take of Iceland Moss, cut, sixteen parts,...  16
Purified Carbonate of Potassium one part.      1
Pour sufficient Common Water upon them  so that
they shall be covered, then set aside for twenty-four
hours, and stir occasionally. Having poured off the
liquid, diligently wash the moss with common water,
until the bitter and alkaline taste is removed. Then
pour upon the washed moss
Common Water two hundred parts,... 200
and boil for four hours, by means of a steam-bath, stirring occasionally, and strain. Repeat the boiling of the
moss with a fresh quantity of water. Strain the liquids,
and add of
Best White Sugar six parts,.6
and boil until the mass is no longer sticky. It is then pulled
to pieces and dried. The dried mass is weighed, and an
amount of sugar added sufficient to make the sugar and the
dried jelly equal in weight.
It is a grayish-brown powder, and has a sweet, mucilaginous,
afterwards bitterish, taste.
12




134
Gemmae Populi.
[POPLAR-BUDS].                          Pappelknospen.
Oculi Populi.
Populus nigra Linn., and other species of Populus.
The buds are conical, invested with sticky, resinous, imbricated scales (tegments). They have a pleasant odor. The'
buds are gathered in spring, before they open, and are employed in the recent state, or dried for future use.
Glandulae Lupuli.
[LUPULIN].                                IHopfenm ehl.
Lupulin.
Humulus Lupulus Linn.
A somewhat resinous powder, of a golden-yellow color,
changing by age to a yellowish-brow-n; consisting of very
small, top-shaped, at the vertex roundish, glands; filled with
a lemon-yellow balsam of a peculiar odor and bitter taste.
The glands are separated from the recently dried strobiles of
the hop by means of a hair-sieve. They must not be kept
over a year, and must be free from sand.
Glycerinum.
[GLYCERIN].                                    Glycerin.
A transparent, colorless, inodorous syrupy liquid, of a sweet
taste. It is neutral to test-paper, and has a specific gravity
varying from 1.23 to 1.25. Soluble in all proportions of water,
alcohol, and spirit of ether. Insoluble in ether, chloroform,
and the fixed oils. The aqueous solution is not rendered
turbid by oxalate of ammonium, or hydrosulphuric acid.
Heated with solution of caustic potassa, it is not colored
brown, nor should this alkaline mixture turn red on the addition of sulphate of copper. When heated with diluted sulphuric acid, and evaporated, the liquid is not colored black.
Mixed with alcohol and concentrated sulphuric acid, it must
not give off the odor of butyric ether. Glycerin should not
separate metallic silver from a solution of nitrate of silver, to
which has been added water of ammonia.




135
Gummi Arabicum.
[GUM ARABIC].                        Arabisches Gummi.
Gummi Miimosce.
Acacia Nilotica Delile. Acacia Seyal Delile. Acacia tortilis Hayne.
In irregular, rounded or angular pieces of various size.
They are translucent, colorless, or slightly yellowish; finely
and numerously fissured. They have a small conchoidal,
glassy fracture, which is often iridescent.  Gum  Arabic
becomes mucilaginous when chewed. It is insipid and inodorous.
It forms readily a mucilage with water, which becomes
turbid on the addition of alcohol.
Gutta Percha depurata.
[PURIFIED GUTTA PERCHA].                    Guttapercha.
Gutta Tuban.
Isonandra Gutta Hooker.
Occurring in a white or yellowish-white mass, sometimes
streaked with a red coloring matter, formed into rolls of four
or five centimetres in thickness, which are nearly inelastic,
but flexible. It becomes soft and plastic at a heat of between
650 and 70~ C., and melts at the temperature of boiling water.
It is insoluble in water, partially soluble in alcohol, and ether,
entirely so in the essential oils, bisulphide of carbon, and
chloroform. It should be preserved under water.
Gutti.
[GAMBOGE].                                         Gutti.
Gummigutf. Gummi-resina Gutti.
Garcinia Morella Desrousseaux, (Garcinia Gutta Wight).
Mostly in cylindrical, brittle rolls, of an orange-yellow color,
with a broadly conchoidal fracture, which is smooth, and of a
waxy lustre; the edges of the broken pieces are somewhat
translucent, and the powder has a lemon-yellow color. It is
inodorous, and tasteless at first, afterwards sweetish, and
causes a burning sensation in the mouth. Gamboge is partially dissolved by alcohol and ether. It produces, when
rubbed with water, a light-yellow emulsion, and forms with
a dilute solution of caustic potassa, or carbonate of potassium,
a dark orange-yellow solution, from which the resin, of a
lemon-yellow color, is precipitated by acids.
It should be cautiously preserved.




136
Herba Absinthii.
[WoRMwOOD].                                  Wermuth.
Summitates Absinthii.
Artemisia Absinthium Linn.
The herb with the flowering panicle; the leaves are
whitish-gray, silky, pinnately two or three-cleft; the terminal
segments spatulate; the upper leavds are undivided. The
flower-heads are subglobose, nodding, with a villose receptacle,
and small, yellowish florets. Wormwood has a very bitter
taste, and a strong aromatic odor.
It should be gathered in July and August, and be separated
from the larger stems.
Herba Cannabis Indicae.
[INDIAN HEMP].                          Indischer Hanf.
Cannabis sativa Linn.
The flowering branches of the female plant, being partially
in fruit, covered with appressed hairs, and rough to the touch.
It occurs in the form of compressed, dense bundles or whisps,
of the leafy flowering tops, agglutinated by the exudation of
a resin. The floral leaves are entire, lanceolate, linear, serrate.
The calyx is bract-like, vaginate, inclosing the female flower,
and later the well-known fruit, and is covered with brownishred glands.  Indian Hemp has a peculiar narcotic odor,
especially when warmed.
That which is grown in India only should be used.
Herba Cardui benedicti.
[BLESSED THISTLE].               Kardobenediktenkraut.
Folia Cardui benedicti.
Cnicus benedictus Linn.
Leaves about two decimetres in length, lanceolate or oblonglanceolate, narrowing to the petiole, sinuately pinnatifid,
acutely dentate, hairy, and of a very bitter, saline taste.
The herb with the flowers should be gathered.




137
Herba Centaurii.
[EUROPEAN CENTAURY].                Tausendguldenkraut.
Herba Centaurii tninoris.
Erythraea Centaurium FLersoon (Gentiana Centaurium rinn.).
The flowering herb; stem angular, simple at the base, and
cymo-corymbosely branched above. The leaves are opposite,
sessile, oblong-oval or narrow, three to five nerved and entirely smooth. Corolla red; anthers spirally twisted after
flowering. European Centaury has a bitter taste.
It should be gathered in July and August.
Herba Chelidonii.
[CELANDINE].                                 Schiollkraut.
Chelidonium majus Linn.
The entire fresh herb is filled with a saffron-colored, bitter,
acrid juice. Branches jointed, slightly hairy; leaves almost
lyrate, beneath bluish-green, pubescent, particularly at the
nerves, with roundish, crenate lobes. Flowers yellow, with
four petals, in umbel-like clusters.
It should be gathered in May.
Herba Chenopodii ambrosioidis.
[MEXICAN TEA-PLANT].    Mexikanisches Traubenkraut.
[Mexican Tea]. Jesuitenthee. Herba Botryos Mexicance.
Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn.
The flowering herb; the leaves are scattered, oblong or
lanceolate, tapering to both ends, remotely dentate, smooth,
of a bright-green color, glandular beneath. The flowers are
apetalous, very small, and arranged in axillary glomerules.
It produces a burning sensation in the mouth when chewed,
and has a bitter taste, and a strong balsamic odor.
It should be gathered in July.
12*




188
Herba Cochleariae.
[COMMON SCURVY-GRASS].                        Lbffelkraut.
Cochlearia officinalis Linn.
The fresh flowering herb; radical leaves petiolate, roundish,
subcordate, repand, mostly wanting; cauline leaves almost
clasping, ovate, sinuate-toothed.  The flowers are white
and the silicles turgid. The rubbed herb exhales a volatile
acrid odor. It has a bitter burning taste.
It should be gathered in the spring.
Herba Conii.
[CONIUM LEAVES].                         Schierlingskraut.
[Hemlock. Common or Spotted Hemlock. Poison Hemlock]. Bierba Conii
maculati. Hferba ficutce.
Conium maculatum Linn.
The flowering herb, smooth throughout, with decompound
leaves, which have a sheathing base, and the lower ones hollow petioles; the upper ones are sessile, and nearly opposite;
terminal segments oval-oblong, incised-serrate and mucronate.
Flowers umbellate, small, white, with nearly globular ovaries,
and more or less unripe fruits, furnished with crenulated ridges
(ribs). The herb has a peculiarly nauseous odor. The genuine
plant is readily distinguished from other allied species of Umbelliferae, such as Anthriscus silvestris Hofm., C(hcerophyllum
hirsutum, bulbosum, temulum L., fthusa Cynapium L., Cicuta
virosa L., &c., by means of a magnifying glass, when the
crenulate ridges (ribs) of the ovary or unripe fruit are discernible, and also by its peculiar odor, when the dried leaves
are moistened with solution of caustic potassa. It is distinguished from species of Anthriscus and Chcarophyllum by the
entire smoothness of the hemlock.
Hemlock leaves should be gathered in summer from plants
with brown or red-spotted stems, be separated from the larger
branches, and cautiously preserved, but should not be kept
longer than a year.
The powder should be prepared from the recently dried
leaves, and be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels, and
in a dark place.




139
Herba Galeopsidis.
[HEMP-NETTLE].                                  Hohlzahn.
Blankenheimer Thee. Lieber'sche RKrauter.
Galeopsis ochroleuca Lamarck.
The flowering herb, with a four-angled stem, softly pubescent, not swollen below the joints (nodes); the leaves are
opposite, petiolate, ovate-oblong; upper ones oblong, somewhat silky-pubescent on both sides and of a yellowish-green
color. The flowers are large, arranged in axillary whorls
(verticillasters), which are more distant below.  Corolla
bilabiate, yellowish-white, externally hairy, four times the
length of the spiny-tipped, toothed calyx. The herb has a
faint odor, and a saline, bitterish taste.
Care should be taken that it be not confounded with
Galeopsis Ladanum L., having lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate
leaves, and small purple flowers; nor with Galeopsis versicolor
Curt., with a bristly-hairy stem, swollen below the joints.
Herba Gratiolae.
[HEDGE HYSSOP].                       Gottesgnadenkraut.
Gratiola officinalis Linjn.
The smooth flowering herb, with a stiff, four-angled stem,
branching above. Leaves opposite, sessile, lanceolate, remotely
serrate, three to five-nerved. Flowers solitary, axillary, with
a bibracteolate peduncle, and a sublabiate, white corolla.
Hedge Hyssop produces a burning sensation in the mouth
when chewed, and has a bitter, nauseous taste.
It should be gathered in June and July, and must be
cautiously preserved.
Herba Lactucae.
[ACRID, OR STRONG-SCENTED LETTUCE].            Giftlattich.
Herba Lactucce virosce.
Lactuea virosa Linn.
The fresh, milky, panicled herb. Leaves horizontal, with
sagittate, clasping base, oblong, entire or sinuate, with mucronate teeth; prickly on the midrib. Flower-heads radiate,
few-flowered, yellow. The plant has a disagreeable, narcotic




140
odor, and an unpleasant, bitter, saline taste. It should not
be confounded with Lactuca Scariola Linn., which is known
by its sinuate-pinnati.fid, vertical leaves.
The biennial herb, with the flowering branches, should be
gathered, either from the wild-growing plant, particularly
that found in Western Europe, or from the cultivated herb,
and should be made into extract in its recent state.
Herba Linariae.
[COMMON TOAD-FLAX].                          Leinkraut.
Bierba cuttm floribus Linarice.
Linaria vulgaris Ailler.
The fresh flowering herb, with scattered, crowded leaves,
which are sessile, linear, pointed, entire, smooth, and threenerved. Flowers in a raceme, yellow, personate, spurred at
their base.
The leafy, flowering tops should be gathered in summer.
Herba Lobeliae.
[LOBELIA].                               Lobelienkraut.
[Indian Tobacco]. Herba Lobelice inflatae.
Lobelia infiata LXin.
The flowering herb; somewhat hairy; leaves scattered, lower
ones with short petioles, oblong, unequally toothed. Flowers
in racemes, small, epigynous; segments of the calyx linear,
equalling in length the corolla, which is bilabiate, and of
a pale violet color; capsule inflated. The herb has a mild
taste at first, which becomes acrid when chewed.
Lobelia cultivated in Germany may be employed, but should
be freed from the larger stems.
Herba Majoranae.
[SWEET MARJORAM].                               Meiran.
Origanum Majorana Linn.
The flowering herb; paniculate, hoary-tomentose; leaves
opposite, oval or oblong, obtuse and entire. Spikes with four
rows of imbricated, roundish bracts. Marjoram has an aromatic odor.
The plant should be gathered in summer.




141
Herba Meliloti.
[MELILOT].                                     Steinklee.
fMelilotenklee. Summitates Metlioti.
Melilotus officinalis Persoon.
The flowering branches with ternate leaves and awl-shaped
stipules. Corolla papilionaceous, small, yellow, with ovary and
fruit covered with silky hairs. Melilot has a peculiar odor.
The branches of the biennial plant should be gathered in
July and August.
Herba Millefolii.
[YARROW].                             Schafgarbenkraut.
[Milfoil]. Folia Millefolii.
Achillea Millefolium Linn.
Doubly pinnate leaves; lanceolate in their outline; villose
on the petioles and nerves of their lower surface. The segments are decurrent, lanceolate, acuminate, mucronate, and
glandular beneath. Yarrow has a bitter taste.
It should be collected in June.
Herba Polygalae.
[BITTER MILKWORT].                   Kreuzblumenkraut.
[European Bitter Polygala]. Herba Polygalee amarae.
Polygala amara Linn.
The flowering plant; growing in a tufted form (cespitose),
with slender yellow roots. The numerous stems rise to the
height of about ten centimetres. The lower leaves are the
larger, spatulate or obovate, and disposed in a rosette; the
upper ones scattered, lanceolate. The flowers are small, blue
or white, racemose. Two of the (five) sepals are wingedshaped and petaloid. The plant has a very bitter taste.
It should not be confounded with other species of Polygala,
from which it is distinguished, particularly, by its rosulate
leaves and its very bitter taste.
It should be collected in May and July.




142
Herba Pulsatillae.
[PULSATILLA].                              Kiichenschelle.
[Meadow Anemone and Pulsatilla Anemone].  Herba Pulsatillae
nigricantis.
Anemone pratensis and Anemone Pulsatilla Linn.
The fresh flowering herb; clothed with soft hairs, having
pinnately two to three-cleft radical leaves, with linear segments; the leaves are not developed at the time of flowering;
scape one-flowered; involucre foliaceous, many parted, distant from the dark-violet or sky-blue, campanulate flower.
The whole herb is inodorous, but exhales, by rubbing, a very
acrid vapor, and when chewed produces a violent burning.
It should be collected in April and May.
Herba Serpylli.
[WILD THYME].                                    Quendel.
[Mother of Thyme].  iFeldkiummelkraut. Wilder Thymian.
Thymus Serpyllum Linn.
The flowering herb; with a thin prostrate stem. Leaves
opposite, small, flat, varying from narrow to broad, glandular
on both sides, ciliate at their base. Flowers in subcapitate
whorls, with corolla and calyx bilabiate. The plant has a
fragrant odor and a somewhat bitter, astringent taste.
It should be gathered in summer.
Herba Spilanthis.
[SPEARLEAVED SPILANTHUS].                     Parakresse.
Herba Spilanthis olerawece.
Spilanthes oleracea Jacquin.
The flowering herb; with a branching stem; leaves opposite, petiolate, oval, subcordate, repand-crenate, three-nerved,
margin scabrous. Peduncles axillary, solitary, longer than the
leaves, each with one flower-head, which is discoid, dense,
ovate, having numerous florets, first brown, changing to
yellow.
When the herb is chewed it produces a burning sensation
in the mouth, and a copious flow of saliva.




143
Herba Thymi.
[THYME].                                  Gartenthymian.
R'omischer Quendel.
Thymus vulgaris Linn.
The flowering herb with a slender, erect, puberulent stem.
Leaves opposite, small, oblong, with revolute margins, not
ciliate, glandular on both sides, beneath hoary-puberulent.
Whorls axillary, the upper ones crowded. Calyx and corolla
bilabiate. Thyme has a fragrant odor.
Herba Violae tricoloris.
[PANSY].                                   Freisamkraut.
[Heartsease].  Stiefnmutterchenthee.  Herba Jacewe.
Viola tricolor Linn.
The flowering herb; stem angular; leaves scattered, petiolate, oblong, crenate; stipules lyrate, longer than the
petiole. Flowers axillary with long peduncles. Corolla labiate, spurred, two to three-colored, or yellowish. When chewed
somewhat burning, with a bitterish taste.
The herb with light-blue flowers should have the preference.
The cultivated must be rejected.
Hirudines.
[LEECH].                                        Blutegel.
Sanguisuga medicinalis et Sanguisuga officinalis Savigny.
The first species, called the German Leech, is rough-grained,
above [back] of an olive-green color, with six pale, rusty-red,
longitudinal stripes, which are spotted with black. Beneath
[belly] it is greenish-yellow, marked with black spots and
black margins. The other species, known as Hungarian
Leech, is smooth; above greenish or blackish green, with six
rusty-red, black-spotted, longitudinal stripes; beneath of an
olive-green, unspotted, but marked with a black stripe on
each side.
Those previously employed are to be rejected.
The horse-leech, Hcemopis (Hippobdella Blainville), Sanguisorba Savigny, is inappropriate for use, and is distinguished
by its irregular spots on the back, without stripes.




144
Hydrargyrum.
[MERCURY].                                      Quecksilber.
[Quicksilver]. Mercurius vivus.
A liquid, bluish-white metal, of a metallic lustre, and usually
containing small quantities of lead, bismuth, tin, and zinc.
Hydrargyrum bichloratum corrosivum.
[CORROSIVE CHLORIDE OF MERCURY]. Aetzendes Quecksilberchlorid.
[Bichloride of Mercury. Perchloride of Mercury. Corrosive Sublimate].
Aetzender Quecksilbersublimat. Mercurius sublimatus corrosivus.
In white, translucent, heavy, crystalline masses, of a radiated structure and granular fracture. It melts when heated,
and is afterwards entirely volatilized. It dissolves in sixteen
parts of cold, and in three parts of boiling water; also soluble
in three parts of alcohol, and in four parts of cold ether.
It should be very cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Hydrargyrum biiodatum rubrum.
[RED IODIDE OF MERCURY].    Rothes Quecksilberjodid.
[Biniodide of Mercury]. Rothes Jodqueclksilber. Mercuriuts iodatus
ruber. Deutoioduretum Hydrargyri.
Take of Corrosive Chloride of Mercury four parts,            4
dissolve it in
Distilled Water seventy-two parts...    72
Then dissolve
Iodide of Potassium five parts,...     5
in
Distilled Water sixteen parts....    16
Filter both solutions and mix them with agitation.  Collect
the resulting precipitate on a filter, and having washed it
thoroughly with distilled water, dry it.
It forms a very fine, bright scarlet powder, very sparingly
soluble in water, wholly soluble in alcohol. Exposed to heat
it volatilizes without leaving a residue.
It should be very cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.




145
Hydrargyrum chloratum mite.
[MILD CHLORIDE OF MERCURY].          Quecksilberchloriir.
[Subchloride of Mercury. Calomel]. Calomel. lydrargyrum chloratum
mite Icevigatum. Hydrargyrum muriaticum mite.
Mercurius dulcis. Calonmelas.
It is prepared by sublimation. A very fine, heavy, yellowishwhite powder; insoluble in water or alcohol. Infusible, but
wholly volatilizable by heat. It is blackened when mixed
with a solution of caustic potassa or soda, but yields no ammoniacal odor. When shaken with ten times its weight of
cold water or alcohol, and filtered, the filtrate should not be
affected by hydrosu]phuric acid. It is soluble in nitric acid
of the specific gravity 1.4, with evolution of a yellowish-red
vapor.
It should be cautiously preserved in vessels protected from
the light.
Hydrargyrum  chloratum  mite vapore paratum.
[MILD CHLORIDE OF MERCURY PREPARED BY STEAM].
Durch Dampf bereitetes Quecksilberchloriir.
Calomelas vapore paratum.
A very soft, white powder, which, when rather strongly
triturated in a porcelain mortar, assumes a yellow color, but
behaves in other respects likle calomel prepared by sublimation.
It should be cautiously preserved, and kept in a dark place.
Hydrargyrum depuratum.
[PURIFIED MERCURY].             Gereinigtes Quecksilber.
Take of Mercury one hundred parts,.... 100
Nitric Acid,....   5
Distilled Water, each,'five parts,...  -
Introduce them into a suitable glass vessel, and digest for
three days, shaking frequently. Having poured off the acid
liquid, wash well the mercury with distilled water, and dry
it completely by means of a steam-bath.
When the metal is exposed to a strong heat it is dissipated,
leaving no residue.
13




146
Hydrargyrum iodatum flavum.
[GIREEN IODIDE OF MERCURY, U. S. P.]. Quecksilberjodiir.
[Iodide of Mercury. Protiodide of 3Mercury]. Gelbes Jodquecksilber.
Hydrargyrum iodatum. Protoioduretum Hydrargyri.
Take of Purified Mercury eight parts,....   8
Iodine five parts.......   5
Triturate, gradually, the iodine in a porcelain mortar with
the mercury, moistening the mixture with a few drops of
alcohol, until no more globules of mercury are visible, and
the mixture has assumed a greenish-yellow color. Then wash
the mass with alcohol, and dry it in a warm place.
In the form of a fine, heavy, greenish-yellow powder, which
becomes brown when exposed to the light. It is insoluble in
ether, sparingly soluble in water, and scarcely so in alcohol.
It is wholly volatilized by heat. Alcohol, when well shaken
with the powder, and separated by filtration, is scarcely
altered by hydrosulphuric acid.
It should be very cautiously preserved, and protected from
the light.
Hydrargyrum nitricum oxydulatum.
[SUBNITRATE OF MERCURY].  Salpetersaures Quecksilberoxydul.
[Mtercurous nitrate.]
In small, colorless crystals, which cannot be dissolved in
water without decomposing the salt; but it is completely
soluble in water, acidulated with nitric acid. It yields with
lime-water a grayish-black precipitate. The solution, formed
by the action of nitric acid, and wholly precipitated by hydrochloric acid, and filtered, is not altered by protochloride of
tin, or hydrosulphuric acid.
It should be very cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.




147
Hydrargyrum oxydatum rubrum.
[RED OXIDE OF MERCURY].         Rothes Quecksilberoxyd.
[Red Precipitate]. Rother Quecksilberpracipitat. Mercurius praecipitatus ruber.
A very fine, heavy, lustreless, yellowish-red pooder; volatilized by heat without the evolution of yellowish-red vapors.
Completely soluble in hydrochloric or nitric acid; not affected
by oxalic acid.
It should be very cautiously preserved, and protected from
the light.
Hydrargyrum  oxydatum  via humida paratum.
[PRECIPITATED RED OXIDE OF MERCURY].   Pracipitirtes
Quecksilberoxyd.
Take of Corrosive Chloride of Mercury one part...      1
Dissolve it in
Hot Distilled Water six parts,....   6
pour this solution, while stirring constantly, into a
Boiling Solution of Caustic Soda one part,.   1
which has been previously diluted with
Distilled Water six parts......   6
Separate the resulting precipitate, wash it well with boiling
water, and dry it with a gentle heat.
A very soft, heavy, reddish-yellow powder, which is nearly
wholly volatilized by heat. It turns white when mixed with
a solution of oxalic acid.
It is dispensed only when expressly prescribed.
It should be very cautiously preserved, and protected from
the light.




148
Hydrargyrum praecipitatum album.
[AMMONIATED MERCURY]. Weisser Quecksilberprd~ipitat.
[White Precipitate]. RHydrargyrum amidato-bichloratum. ilydrargyrum ammoniato-muriaticum. Mercurius prccipitatus albus.
Take of Corrosive Chloride of Mercury two parts...   2
Dissolve it in
Hot Distilled Water forty parts....  40
Pour the cold, filtered solution, while stirring, into
Water of Ammonia three parts,.                    3
or so much that it shall be in slight excess; then collect
the resulting precipitate in a filter, allow it to drain as
much as possible, and wash it twice, each time with
Distilled Water eighteen parts,....  18
and afterwards dry it in a dark place.
A very white powder; insoluble in water, but readily soluble in hot nitric acid. It is colored yellow, with evolution of
ammonia, when heated with solution of caustic soda. It is
entirely volatilized by heat, without fusing.
It should be very cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels,
and protected from the light.
Hydrargyrum  sulfuratum  nigrum.
[BLACK SULPHURET OF MERCURY]. Schwarzes Schwefelquecksilber.
[JEthiops Mineral]. XEthiops mineralis.
Take of Purified Mercury,
Washed Flowers of Sulphur, each, equal parts.
Rub them together at a moderate heat, until they are converted into a uniform black powder, in which no globules of
mercury can be detected with the aid of a lens.
A very fine, black, heavy powder; insoluble in water,
alcohol, hydrochloric or nitric acid. When heated it burns
with a blue flame, leaving no residue. Digested with hydrochloric acid, and filtered, the filtrate is not affected by hydrosulphuric acid.




149
Hydrargyrum sulfuratum rubrum.
[RED SULPHURET OF MERCURY].                    Zinnober.
[Sulphide of Mercury. Cinnabar. Vermilion]. Cinnabaris.
A bright red powder, burning when exposed to heat with a
blue flame, evolving vapors of sulphurous acid, and leaving no
residue. It is insoluble in water, alcohol, hydrochloric acid,
or nitric acid; insoluble also in a diluted solution of caustic
potassa or soda, but soluble in cold nitro-muriatic acid.
Cinnabar, when shaken with nitric acid, does not change
its color: if this mixture be gently heated and diluted with
water, it yields a colorless filtrate, which is not colored
black by the addition of hydrosulphuric acid. When well
shaken with water and solution of caustic potassa or soda,
and heated, the mixture yields a colorless filtrate, which is
not altered by hydrochloric acid, but on the addition of acetate
of lead it throws down a white precipitate.
Infusa.
[INFUSIONS].                                   Aufgiisse.
Infusions which are ordered without a given quantity of the
substance to be used, are made so that from one part of substance ten parts of colature (strained infusion) are procured.
To prepare ten parts of a colature of a concentrated infusion,
one and a half parts of the substance are used; and to prepare
ten parts of a colature of a highly concentrated infusion, two
parts of the substance are taken.
The quantity of medicinally active substances must always
be determined by the physician.
The substance is put in a suitable vessel, boiling water
poured upon it, then covered and exposed to the heat of a
steam-bath for five minutes. The vessel is then set aside, and
the cold infusion is strained with expression.
13*




150
Infusum Sennae compositum.
[COMPOUND INFUSION OF SENNA].             Wiener Trank.
[Vienna Black Draught].
Take of Senna, cut, two parts,....   2
Pour upon it
Boiling Water twelve parts,..           12
and expose to the heat of a steam-bath for five minutes,
stirring frequently. Then express, and dissolve in the
colature
Tartarate of Potassium and Sodium two parts,    2
Common Manna three parts,..   3
and strain. The colature should be fifteen parts...  15
It has a brown color.
Iodoformium.
[IODOFORM].                                    Jodoform.
In very small, crystalline plates, of a greasy feel, and lemonyellow color, having the odor of saffron, and a disagreeable,
iodine-like taste. It melts at from 1150 to 1200 C.; is volatile
in boiling water, and entirely volatilized at a higher temperature. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in eighty parts of
cold, and in twelve parts of boiling alcohol, and also in twenty
parts of ether.
It should be cautiously preserved in a glass-stoppered bottle.
Iodum.
[IODINE].                                            Jod.
In heavy, grayish-black, crystalline scales, of a metallic
lustre. They are dry and friable, having a peculiar odor. It
is very slightly soluble in water, but dissolves in ten parts of
alcohol, and freely in ether, chloroform, and bisulphide of
carbon. A solution of starch is tinged a violet color by a
very small quantity of iodine.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.




151
Kali aceticum.
[ACETATE OF POTASSIUM].                 Essigsaures Kali.
Terra foliata Tartari.
A very white, nearly neutral, crystalline powder. It is
very deliquescent in the air; soluble in an equal part of water,
and in four parts of alcohol.
An aqueous solution is not altered by hydrosu]phuric acid,
hydrosulphate of ammonium, or chloride of barium; and
nitrate of silver renders it but slightly turbid.
It should be preserved in well-closed bottles.
Kali bicarbonicum.
[BICARBONATE OF POTASSIUM]. Saures oder doppelt-kohlensaures Kali.
In translucent, colorless crystals, permanent in the air,
slowly soluble in four'parts of water, and scarcely soluble in
alcohol.
It is tested like pure carbonate of potassium.
Kali carbonicum crudum.
[CRUDE CARBONATE OF POTASSIUM].  Rohes kohlensaures
Kali.
[Pearlash. Crude Potash]. Rohe Pottasehe. Cineres clavellati.
A whitish salt, having generally a greenish or bluish tint.
It has an acrid, alkaline taste, and is deliquescent in the air.
The greater portion of it is soluble in an equal part of water.
It forms a dry powder, and if dissolved in an excess of
hydrochloric acid, the solution is not altered by hydrosulphuric acid. The salt does not communicate a yellow color
to the flame of alcohol. It should contain no less than sixtyfive per cent. of carbonate of potassium, nor more than eighteen
per cent. of water.




152
Kali carbonicum depuratum.
[PURIFIED CARBONATE OF POTASSIUM].  Gereinigtes kohlensaures Kali.
[Carbonate of Potassium]. Kali carbonicum e cineribus claveltatis.
A dry, white, granular powder, almost wholly soluble in
an equal part of water.
Its aqueous solution, mixed with an excess of hydrochloric
acid, must not be altered by hydrosulphuric acid, and be rendered but slightly turbid on the addition of chloride of barium.
It contains about eighty per cent. of carbonate of potassium,
and from fifteen to eighteen per cent. of water. The anhydrous
salt should contain no less than ninety-two per cent. of carbonate of potassium.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Kali carbonicum purum.
[PURE CARBONATE OF POTASSIUM].  Reines kohlensaures
Kali.
[Salt of Tartar]. Kali carbonicum e Tartaro. Sal Tartari.
It is very white, wholly soluble in an equal part of water,
forming a clear solution. A diluted solution, treated with an
excess of nitric acid, must not be affected by hydrosulphuric
acid, or nitrate of barium, and should be rendered but slightly
turbid by nitrate of silver.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Kali causticum fusum.
[CAUSTIC POTASSA].                               Aetzkali.
[Potassa, U. S. P.] Aetzstein. Kali hydricum fusum. Lapis causticus
chirurgorum.
In white, dry, brittle sticks, having a crystalline fracture.
It is very caustic; deliquescent in the air. When dissolved
in double its weight of water, and then mixed with four times
its weight of alcohol, it should yield but a very slight crystalline precipitate, or watery deposit. It should effervesce but
little with nitric acid; and, when treated with an excess of
sulphuric acid, the solution should not discharge the color of
indigo solution. Otherwise it behaves, in the presence of
reagents, like solution of caustic potassa.
It should be cautiously preserved.




153
Kali chloricum.
[CHLORATE OF POTASSIUM].                Chlorsaures Kali.
Kali muriaticum oxygenatum.
In colorless, lamellar or tabular crystals, permanent in the
air, and of a shining lustre. They dissolve in sixteen or
seventeen parts of cold, and in three parts of boiling water.
Its aqueous solution should be rendered but slightly turbid
by nitrate of silver.
Kali hypermanganicum  crystallisatum.
[PERMANGANATE OF POTASSIUM]. Uebermangansaures Kali.
In very dark-brown, acicular, or prismatic crystals, of a
steel lustre. They dissolve in sixteen parts of cold, and in
two parts of boiling water.
It should be preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Kali nitricum.
[NITRATE OF POTASSIUM].                          Salpeter.
[Saltpetre. Nitre]. Kalisalpeter. Nitrum depuratum.
In transparent, colorless, prismatic crystals, permanent in
the air; or in the form of a white crystalline powder. It is
soluble in three parts of cold, and in less than half its weight
of boiling water.
A dilute aqueous solution is not rendered turbid by chloride
of barium, and only slightly so by nitrate of silver.




154
Kali sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF POTASSIUM].             Schwefelsaui'es Kali.
Tartarus vitriolatus deputat-us. Arcaqtum duplicatsum deputrcatum.
In hard, white, prismatic crystals, or in crystalline crusts;
permanent in the air, even at an elevated temperature; soluble in nine parts of cold, and four parts of hot water.
The aqueous solution is neutral, and is not rendered turbid
by hydrosulphate of ammonium, or carbonate of potassium.
Kali tartaricum.
[TARTRATE OF POTASSIUM].  Neutrales weinsaures Kali.
Tartarus tartarisatus.
In colorless, translucent crystals; soluble in three-fourths
of a part of cold, and in half its weight of boiling water.
The aqueous solution is neutral, or scarcely alkaline; it is
not altered by hydrosulphate or oxalate of ammonium; and,
when acidulated by nitric acid, neither by hydrosulphuric
acid nor chloride of barium; with nitrate of silver it becomes
only slightly turbid.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Kalium  bromatum.
[BROMIDE OF POTASSIUM].                      Bromnkalium,
Kali hydrobromnicum.
In white, shining, cubic crystals; permanent in the air, and
readily soluble in water, and alcohol.
It is not colored by diluted sulphuric acid. The aqueous
solution, to which has been added, first a small quantity of
fuming nitric acid, and then chloroform, must not communicate a violet color to the chloroform when the mixture is
shaken.  When distilled with a mixture of bichromate of
potassium and sulphuric acid, it yields a red liquid (distillate),
which is decolorized on the addition of water of ammonia in
excess, but must in no case turn yellow, which would indicate
the presence of chlorine.




155
Kalium ferrocyanatum.
[FERROCYANIDE OF POTASSIUM].            Ferrocyankalium.
[Yellow Prussiate of Potash]. Blutlaugensalz. Ferro-Kalium
cyanatum. Kali Borussicum.
In large, yellow, prismatic, or short, four-sided, tabular
crystals, adhering together in a mass. They do not effloresce
in the air; dissolve in four parts of cold, and in two parts of
hot water, but are insoluble in alcohol.
The salt does not effervesce on the addition of diluted sulphuric acid; but, on heating the acid mixture, it develops
hydrocyanic acid. A highly diluted aqueous solution does
not become turbid with chloride of barium.
Kalium jodatum.
[IODIDE OF POTASSIUM].                        Jodkalium.
Kali hydroiodicum.
In colorless, cubic crystals, which do not become moist in
dry air. They are soluble in three-fourths their weight of
water, and in six parts of alcohol, giving a neutral, or very
slightly alkaline solution.
The aqueous solution is not rendered turbid by lime-water,
or chloride of barium, nor turned brown by diluted sulphuric
acid.
The precipitate thrown down from the solution by nitrate
of silver, then well washed and shaken with water of ammonia, yields a liquid which, when filtered, should only become
turbid with a large excess of nitric acid, without yielding a
precipitate.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Kalium sulfuratum.
[SULPHURET OF POTASSIUM].              Kalischwefelleber.
[Liver of Sulphur]. Hepar Sulphuris acd usum internum.
Take of Washed Sulphur one part,.....   1
Pure Carbonate of Potassium two parts...   2
Mix them  intimately, expose the mixture in a porcelain
vessel to a moderate heat until it ceases to swell, and is com



156
pletely fused, and a small portion is found, on trial, to dissolve
wholly in twice its weight of water. Then pour the mass
into a porcelain mortar, and, either break it into pieces, or
powder it coarsely, and introduce it immediately into a dry
vessel, which must be well closed.
This preparation has a liver-brown color, changing to a
greenish-yellow. It dissolves wholly in about two parts of
water, and it is also soluble in alcohol.
Kalium sulfuratum ad balneum.
[SULPHURET OF POTASSIUM FOR BATHING]. Schwefelleber
zum Bade.
Kali Sulphwu'atum pro balneo. IBepar Sulphuris pro balneo.
Take of Sulphur one part,.....   1
Dried Crude Carbonate of Potassium two parts.   2
Mix them, and expose the mixture, in a sufficiently capacious, covered, iron crucible, to a moderate heat, until it
ceases to swell, and is converted into a uniform mass, which
pour upon an iron plate, or into an iron mortar. It may then
be broken in pieces, or coarsely powdered, and should be immediately introduced into vessels, which must be well closed.
It has a yellowish-green color, and dissolves in distilled
water, leaving but a slight residue.
Kamala.
[KAMEBLA. KAMALA].                               Kamala.
Glandulce Rottlere.
Bottlera tinctoria Roxburgfh.
A somewhat resinous powder, of a brownish-red or brickred color, consisting of very small, depressed-roundish glands,
which contain club-shaped vesicles, filled with a balsamic
substance.
It should be as free as possible from minute, stellate hairs,
with which it is generally mixed, and which are much lighter
than the glands, and it should contain no sand.




157
Kino.
[KINO].                                             Kino.
Gummi vel Resina KKino.
Pterocarpus Marsupium Martius.
In small, irregular, angular, shining fragments, of a darkbrown color, with reddish translucent edges, very friable,
yielding a red powder. It is inodorous, but has a very astringent taste. It swells in cold water, and becomes paler, but
gives to the water a reddish color. It forms a turbid solution
with hot water, and a dark-red with alcohol.
Kreosotum.
[CREASOTE].                                      Kreosot.
Buchenholztheerkreosot.
A clear, colorless liquid, changing to a yellowish or reddish
color by age. It has a penetrating odor; boils at above 2000
C.; is wholly soluble in eighty parts of cold, and in twentyfour parts of hot water. It dissolves also completely in all
proportions of alcohol, ether, the oils, and in solution of
caustic potassa.
It should not be miscible with water of ammonia, nor
should a watery solution turn blue on the addition of solution
of sesquichloride of iron.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Lactucarium.
[LACTUCARIUM].                             Giftlattichsaft.
[Lettuce Opiums. Lactucarium Germanicum.
Lactuea virosa Linn.
In irregular, dry and friable pieces, of a yellow or yellowishbrown color,-with a waxy fracture, strongly narcotic odor,
and a somewhat bitter taste. When triturated with water,
it affords a turbid solution, and leaves a tough mass as a residue. Alcohol and also ether dissolve it partially.
It should be cautiously preserved.
14




158
Laminaria.
Laminaria Cloustoni E~dmonston, (and partly Laminaria digitata
Lamourouxc).
Consisting of stipes, from fifty to one hundred centimetres
in length, and from one-half to one centimetre in thickness;
cylindrical or slightly compressed, deeply furrowed, wrinkled,
and horny. They are somewhat elastic, of a brown color,
occasionally covered in the depressions of the wrinkles with
a white salt, consisting of chloride of sodium. When macerated in water they assume an olive-green, or leek-green
color, a cartilaginous consistence, and swell up to about four
times their former thickness.
The thicker stipes are to be preferred.
Lichen Islandicus.
[ICELAND MOSS].                       Islandisches Moos.
Isliandsche FZlechte,
Cetraria Islandica Acharius, (Lichen lslandicus Linn.)
Thallus erect, foliaceous, irregularly incised, with fringed
and channeled lobes; brown on the upper [fertile] surface,
paler beneath, and at the base of a blood-red color. When
dry it is stiff, brittle; becoming soft when moistened, and
somewhat leathery, having a bitter taste. A decoction gelatinizes on cooling.
Iceland Moss is frequently mixed with foreign Lichens,
especially of the family of Cladoniaceae, and also with various
mosses, pine-leaves, and other impurities, which may be easily
removed from the cut moss by means of a sieve.
Lichen Islandicus ab amaritie liberatus.
[ICELAND MOSS FREED FROM BITTERNESS].   Entbittertes
Islaindisches Moos.
Take of Iceland Moss, cut, five parts,....   5
Pour upon it
Tepid Common Water thirty parts,..         30
Solution of Carbonate of Potassa one part..   1
Set aside for three hours, then, having poured off the liquid,
wash the moss well with cold water.




159
Lignum Campechianum.
[LOGW OOD].                                    Blauholz.
Campecheholz.
HBematoxylon Campechianum Linn.
In large logs from the trunk of the tree, externally of a
bluish-black color, and internally dark brownish-red. It is
hard, heavy, showing large fibres on its split surface; and
on the cross section, very close, wavy, concentric rings (layers),
which are crossed by the medullary rays. Logwood has a
feeble, peculiar odor, and a sweetish taste, which becomes
astringent by chewing, and imparts a violet color to the
saliva. It is found in the shops in the form of chips or turnings, which sometimes exhibit a shining, golden-green tint.
Lignum Guajaci.
[GUAIACUM WOOD].                            Guajakholz.
[Lignum Vitm]. Pockholz..Franzosenholz. Iignum sanctum.
Guajacum oficinale Linn.
A heavy, dense, and hard wood, with a resinous, greenishbrown heart-wood (duramen), and a lighter, pale-yellow sapwood (alburnum). When exposed to heat it exhales a benzoinlike odor.
The commercial raspings should not be too largely mixed
with the whitish raspings of the sap-wood, or with other
woods.
Lignum Quassise.
[QUASSIA].                                      Quassia.
Quassiaholz. Lignum Quassiae Surinacmensis.
Quassia amara Linn.
A light, whitish wood, having on the transverse section
medullary rays, crossed by very narrow (fine) concentric
rings, which are discernible by means of a lens. It occurs
in cylindrical billets of about eight centimetres in thickness,
covered with a thin, easily-separable bark, which is sometimes
wanting. The wood has a very bitter taste.
The commercial raspings should not be employed, neither
the wood of the so-called Jamaica Quassia (Picrasma excelsa
Planchon), which occurs in pieces of the trunk, about three
decimetres in thickness, having on the transverse section
broader medullary rays and concentric rings, which are visible to the naked eye, and it is covered with a thicker bark.




160
Lignum Sassafras.
[SASSAFRAS WOOD].                              Sassafras.
[Sassafras Root]. Fenchelholt.
Sassafras officinalis Nees.
In the form of large, branched, woody roots, consisting of
crooked pieces varying in size. The root is covered with a
rather thick, corky bark, externally gray and fissured, and
internally of a rusty-red. The wood is light, somewhat
spongy, of a pale-brownish or pale-reddish color, and on the
transverse section, especially at the commencement of each
annual concentric ring, it is plainly porous. It has a fennellike odor, and a somewhat sweetish taste.
Linimentum ammoniatum.
[LINIMENT OF AMMONIA].             Fliichtiges Liniment.
[Volatile Liniment]. Linimentum volatile.
Take of Provence Olive Oil four parts,....   4
Water of Ammonia one part....   1
Shake them together in a glass bottle until they have completely united.
It is a whitish, semi-fluid mass; the constituent parts should
not separate on repose. It should be- free from rancidity.
Linimentum ammoniato-camphoratum.
[AMMONIATED CAMPHOR LINIMENT]. Fliichtiges Kampferliniment.
[Volatile Liniment of Camphor].
Take of Camphorated Oil (Oleum camphoratum) four
parts,........   4
Water of Ammonia one part....   1
Shake them together in a glass bottle until they have completely united.
The Liniment is whitish, semi-fluid, and of a uniform consistence.




161
Linimentum saponato-ammoniatum.
[AMMONIATED SOAP LINIMENT]. Fliissiges Seifenliniment.
[Volatile Soap Liniment].
Take of Common Hard Soap, in shavings, one part..   1
Dissolve it by digestion in
Common Water thirty parts,....  30
Alcohol ten parts,......  10
then add of
Water of Ammonia fifteen parts,...  15
and mix.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
L'nimentum saponato-camphoratum.
[CAMPHORATED SOAP LINIMENT].                 Opodeldok.
[Opodeldoc].
Take of Common Hard Soap, powdered, sixteen parts,.  16
Castile Soap, powdered,.....   8
Camphor, each, eight parts....   8
Dissolve them, with a gentle heat, in
Alcohol three hundred and twenty parts,.   320
then filter the warm liquid by means of a covered funnel, and, having added,
Oil of Thyme one part,.....   1
Oil of Rosemary two parts,...   2
Water of Ammonia sixteen parts,               16
pour it into small, wide-mouthed bottles, which should be
then well closed, and allowed to cool in cold water, as quickly
as possible.
The Liniment has a yellowish-white color, and a soft, semisolid consistence. It is somewhat translucent and opalescent,
melting readily with the warmth of the hand.
14*




162
Linimentum  saponato-camphoratum  liquidum.
[SOAP LINIMENT].                    Fliissiger Opodeldok.
[Liquid Opodeldoc].
Take of Castile Soap, in shavings, thirty parts,..  30
Diluted Alcohol two hundred and thirty parts,. 230
Camphor five parts......   5
Dissolve with a gentle heat. Add of
Oil of Thyme one part,.....   1
Oil of Rosemary two parts,....   2
Water of Ammonia eight parts..                  8
Filter the cold liquid.
It should be clear and yellowish.
Liquor Ammonii acetici.
[SOLUTION OF ACETATE OF AMMONIUM]. Essigsaure Ammoniumfulissigkeit.
[Spirit of Mindererus]. Spiritus fMindereri.
Take of Water of Ammonia ten parts,....  10
add of
Diluted Acetic Acid nine parts,....   9
or sufficient to effect neutralization.
Then add of
Distilled Water a sufficient quantity,
so that the whole shall be thirty parts....  30
It should be clear, colorless, entirely volatilizable, and as
nearly neutral as possible. The specific gravity is from 1.028
to 1.032. It contains fifteen per cent. of acetate of ammonium.
It should not become turbid on the addition of either hydrosulphuric acid, or chloride of barium.
Liquor Ammonii anisatus.
[ANISATED SPIRIT OF AMMONIA].   Anishaltige Ammoniumfliissigkeit.
Ammoniacumn solutuAn anisatum.
Spiritus Salis ammoniaci anisatus.
Take of Oil of Anise one part,.....   1
dissolve it in
Alcohol twenty-four parts,.....  24
add of
Water of Ammonia five parts,...   5
and mix.
It forms a clear and yellowish liquid.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.




163
Liquor Ammonii carbonici.
[SOLUTION OF CARBONATE OF AMMONIUM].  Kohlensaure
Ammoniumfliissigkeit.
Take of Carbonate of Ammonium one part,...   1
dissolve it in
Distilled Water five parts.  -..         5
A clear, colorless, completely volatilizable liquid, of a specific gravity between 1.070 and 1.074.
It should be preserved in well-closed, glass-stoppered bottles.
Liquor Ammonii carbonici pyro-oleosi.
[SOLUTION OF PYRO-CARBONATE OF AMMONIUM]. Fliissiges
brenzlich-kohlensaures Ammonium.
Take of Pyro-carbonate of Ammonium one part,..   1
dissolve it in
Distilled Waterfive parts,.....   5
set aside for a few days, then filter.
A clear, somewhat yellowish liquid, becoming gradually
yellowish-brown; entirely volatilizable, and having a specific
gravity between 1.070 and 1.074. It must be preserved in
well-closed vessels, protected from the light.
Liquor Ammonii caustici.
[WATER OF AMMONIA].                        Salmiakgeist.
[Solution of Ammonia. Liquor of Ammonia]. Aetzammoniakflussigkeit. Spiritus salis ammoniaci causticus.
A transparent, colorless, and completely volatilizable liquid,
without an empyreumatic odor, having the specific gravity
0.960.
It should become but slightly turbid when mixed with an
equal weight of lime-water. When accurately saturated with
nitric acid, and then largely diluted with distilled water, it
should be rendered only slightly turbid on the addition of
nitrate of silver, and should not be altered by hydrosulphate
of ammonium, or hydrosulphuric acid. Oxalate of ammonium
should cause no cloudiness.
It contains ten per cent. of ammonia (N H,3).
It should be preserved in well-closed glass-stoppered bottles.




164
Liquor Ammonii caustici spirituosus.
[SPIRIT OF AMMONIA].    Weingeistige Aetzammoniakfflissigkeit.
Spiritus Ammoniaci caustici Dzondii.
Ammoniacal gas is passed into alcohol, of the specific gravity
0.830, until the liquid Shows the specific gravity of from 0.808
to 0.810.
It contains about ten per cent. of ammonia (N H,).
When diluted with water, it behaves in the presence of
reagents like water of ammonia.
It should be preserved in well-closed glass-stoppered bottles.
Liquor Ammonii succinici.
[SOLUTION OF SUCCINATE OF AMMONIUM].  Bernsteinsaure
Ammoniumfuiissigkeit.
Ammoniacum succinicum solutum. Liquor Cornu Cervi succinatus.
Take of Succinic Acid, powdered, one part,...   1
dissolve it in
Distilled Water eight parts,....   8
and add of
Pyro-carbonate of Ammonium one part,..   1
or sufficient to effect neutralization.
Set the liquid aside for twenty-four hours, then filter.
A clear, brownish liquid, gradually changing to a darker
brown. It has no effect on test-paper, and possesses an empyreumatic odor. Its specific gravity ranges from 1.050 to 1.054.
When mixed with three times its weight of alcohol it should
remain clear; and, if evaporated to dryness, it should be
afterwards volatilized without a residue, at a higher temperature.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.




165
Liquor Ferri acetici.
[SOLUTION  OF ACETATE OF IRON].    Essigsaure Eisenfliissigkeit.
Take of Solution of Persulphate of Iron ten parts,.  10
dilute it with
Distilled Water thirty parts,....  30
and, while stirring, add of
Water of Ammonia eight parts,...   8
previously diluted with
Distilled Water one hundred and sixty parts,. 160
taking care that there shall be an alkaline reaction.
The resulting precipitate is placed on a linen strainer,
well washed with distilled water, then expressed until
the weight shall amount to five parts....   5
Put this moist oxide of iron in a flask, and pour upon it
Diluted Acetic Acid six parts,...   6
and set aside for several days in a cool place, stirring
frequently, then filter.  Add to the filtered liquid a
quantity of distilled water sufficient to make the whole
amount, by weight, to ten parts..                     10
t forms a dark, reddish-brown liquid, of an acetous odor,
becoming turbid by heat, and having the specific gravity of
from 1.134 to 1.138, corresponding to eight per cent. of iron.
When mixed with an excess of water of ammonia, the filtered
liquid should not become turbid on the addition of hydrosulphuric acid; and, when evaporated to dryness, it should be
afterwards volatilized, without a residue, at a higher temperature.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Liquor Ferri chlorati.
[SOLUTION OF PROTOCHLORIDE OF IRON]. Flissiges Eisenchloriir.
Ferrum chloratum solutum. Liquor Ferri mnuriatici oxydulati.
Take of Pure Hydrochloric Acid five hundred and twenty
parts.........   520
Introduce it into a sufficiently large flask, and add, in
small quantities at a time, of
Iron, in filings or wire, one hundred and ten parts. 110




166
When the evolution of gas has nearly ceased, place
the flask in a steam-bath for several hours; then filter
the liquid quickly from the undissolved iron, and mix it
with
Pure Hydrochloric Acid one part,.   1
and add sufficient Distilled Water to make the whole
amount, by weight, to one thousand parts... 1000
It contains ten per cent. of iron. Its specific gravity varies
from 1.226 to 1.230.
It is a clear solution, of a pale green color, and does not
become turbid when mixed with alcohol. tHydrosulphuric
acid should cause but a very slight white cloudiness. When
mixed with an excess of solution of caustic soda, and cleared
by filtration, the filtrate is not rendered turbid by hydrosulphuric acid.
It should be preserved in small, well-closed bottles.
Liquor Ferri sesquichlorati.
[SOLUTION OF SESQUICHLORIDE OF IRON]. Fliissiges Eisenchlorid.
[Solution of Perchloride of Iron]. Ferrum sesquichloratum solutum.
Liquor Ferrn muriatici oxydati.
A clear solution of a saffron-yellowish-brown color, having
a specific gravity varying from 1.480 to 1.484. It contains
fifteen per cent. of iron, or forty three and a half per cent.
(43.5) of anhydrous sesquichloride of iron.
When mixed with four times its volume of alcohol, and set
aside for a considerable time, it should remain transparent.
Diluted with water, it is not rendered turbid by chloride of
barium. The diluted solution, mixed with an excess of water
of ammonia, yields a filtrate, which, when supersaturated with
sulphuric acid, must not decolorize a few drops of permanganate of potassium, or solution of indigo, added; nor should
the filtrate be affected by hydrosulphuric acid; and, when
evaporated,'it is afterwards volatilized, without a residue, at
a higher temperature.
It should be preserved in glass-stoppered bottles, and be
protected from the light.




167
Liquor Ferri sulfurici oxydati.
[SOLUTION OF PERSULPHATE OF IRON]. Fliissiges schwefelsaures Eisenoxyd.
[Solution of Tersulphate of Xron].
Take of Pure Protosulphate of Iron forty parts...  40
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water forty parts,....  40
then add of
Pure Sulphuric Acid seven parts...   7
Heat the mixture to the boiling point in a porcelain
capsule, and very gradually add of
Pure Nitric Acid twelve parts,...      12
or so much that, after the reaction has ceased, a small
portion does no longer decolorize a solution of permanganate of potassium. Then evaporate the liquid to a
resin-like mass, and dissolve it in
Distilled Water forty parts,.40
filter and add distilled water sufficient so that the specific
gravity shall be between 1.317 and 1.319.
A clear solution, of a brownish-yellow color, and the consistence of syrup, containing eight per cent. of iron. After
adding an excess of water of ammonia, the filtered liquid is
not rendered turbid by hydrosulphuric acid; and, when
evaporated to dryness, is afterwards volatilized, without a
residue, at a higher temperature.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels, and be protected from the light.
Liquor Hydrargyri nitrici oxydulati.
[SOLUTION OF SUBNITRATE OF MERCURY]. Fliissiges salpetersaures Quecksilberoxydul.
Hydrargyrum oxydulatum nitricum solutum. Liquor Bellostii.
Take of Subnitrate of Mercury one hundred parts... 100
Reduce it to a very fine powder in a porcelain mortar,
and add of
Pure Nitric Acid fifteen parts,....  15
dissolve, without heat, in
Distilled Water eight hundred and eighty-five parts. 885
A clear, colorless solution, containing ten per cent. of subnitrate of mercury. It behaves in the presence of reagents
like subnitrate of mercury.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.




168
Liquor Kali acetici.
[SOLUTION OF ACETATE OF POTASSIUM].  Fliissiges essigsaures:Kali.
Hali aceticum solutum. Liquor Terrce foliatce Tartari.
Take of Diluted Acetic Acid one hundred parts,.. 100
add, in small portions at a time, of
Bicarbonate of Potassium forty-eight parts.    48
Heat the solution in a porcelain vessel, and add sufficient
Bicarbonate of Potassium
to effect neutralization.
Then add a sufficient quantity of
Distilled Water to make the whole amount to
one hundred and forty-two parts..... 142
A clear, colorless, neutral liquid, having the specific gravity
of from 1.176 to 1.180. Three parts should contain one part
of dry acetate of potassium. It behaves, in the presence of
reagents, like acetate of potassium.
Liquor Kali arsenicosi.
[SOLUTION OF ARSENITE OF POTASSIUM].   Fowler'sche
Tropfen.
[Fowler's Solution]. Solutio arsenioalis Fowleri.
Take of Arsenious Acid, in small pieces,..   1
Pure Carbonate of Potassium, dried, each, one
part....                                  1
Place them in a test-tube, and pour upon them
Distilled Water one part,..                 1
and boil until a clear solution is obtained, then mix with
Distilled Water about forty parts...  40
Finally, add to the cold liquid,
Distilled Water sufficient so that the whole shall
be, by weight, ninety parts....  90
Preserve it very cautiously, and dispense according to legal
regulations.
NoTE.-Ninety parts of Solution of Arsenite of Potassium
contain one part of Arsenious Acid.




169
Liquor Kali carbonici.
[SOLUTION OF CARBONATE OF POTASSIUM]. Fliissiges kohlensaures Kali.
Take of Pure Carbonate of Potassium eleven parts..  11
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water twenty parts,.               20
or so much water that the specific gravity of the liquid shall
be between 1.330 and 1.334. Three parts of the solution should
contain one part of dry carbonate of potassium.
It should be clear and colorless. It behaves in the presence
of reagents like pure carbonate of potassium.
Liquor Kali caustici.
[SOLUTION OF CAUSTIC POTASSA].             Aetzkalilauge.
[Solution of Potassa. Liquor Potassce]. Kali hydricum solutum.
Lixivium causticum.
A clear, colorless, or slightly yellowish, very corrosive liquid,
having a specific gravity of between 1.330 and 1.334; threeparts
contain one part of hydrate of potassium (K H O). It should
effervesce but very little on addition of nitric acid. When
supersaturated with diluted nitric acid, nitrate of silver should
render it but slightly turbid, and chloride of barium only very
slightly so.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Liquor Natri carbolici.
[SOLUTION OF CARBOLATE OF SODIUM]. Fliissiges carbolsaures Natron.
Take of Pure Carbolic Acid five parts....   5
Melt it with a gentle heat, and add of
Solution of Caustic Soda one part,...   1
Distilled Water four parts.....   4
A clear liquid of a specific gravity from  1.060 to 1.065,
having a feeble alkaline reaction. Miscible with all proportions of water, and alcohol.
It is only prepared when wanted for dispensing.
15




170
Liquor Natri caustici.
[SOLUTION OF CAUSTIC SODA].             Aetznatronlauge.
[Solution of Soda. Liquor Sodae].  Natrum hydricum solutum.
A clear, colorless or slightly yellowish, very corrosive
liquid, having a specific gravity of between 1.330 and 1.334.
It contains from thirty to thirty-one per cent. of hydrate of
sodium (Na HO).
It behaves in the presence of reagents like solution of
cau stic potassa.
It- should be cautiously preserved in well-closed, glass-stoppered bottles.
Liquor Natri chlorati.
[SOLUTION OF CHLORINATED SODA].         Bleichfliissigkeit.
[Labarraque's Solution]. Liquor Natri hypochlorosi.
Take of Chlorinated Lime twenty parts.                 20
Introduce it into a glass vessel, and shake it frequently
with
Common Water one hundred parts,..   100
then add of
Commercial Carbonate of Sodium twenty-five
parts,....        25
previously dissolved in
Common Water fifty parts..            50
Set aside for a few hours, then decant the clear liquid.
A clear, colorless liquid, having a slight odor of chlorine.
One thousand parts should contain at least five parts of active
chlorine. The solution must therefore, when mixed with forty
parts of pure protosulphate of iron, and the necessary quantity
of hydrochloric acid, assume only a brown color on the addition of ferridcyanide of potassium, and must not throw down
a blue precipitate.




171
Liquor Plumbi subacetici.
[SOLUTION OF SUBACETATE OF LEAD].               Bleiessig.
[Goulard's Exatract]. Acetum plumbicum s. saturninum.
Plumbum hydrico-aceticum 8olutum.
Take of Acetate of Lead three parts,....   3
Litharge, in very fine powder, one part...   1
Mix well by rubbing them together; then introduce them
into a porcelain vessel, cover it, and, by means of a steambath, heat the mixture until it melts into a white mass. Then
add of
Warm Distilled Water ten parts,...  10
stir and filter the liquid when nearly cold.
A clear, colorless liquid of a feeble alkaline reaction; having
a specific gravity of between 1.235 and 1.240.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed bottles.
Liquor seriparus.
[ESSENCE OF RENNET].                          Laabessenz.
[Rennet- Wine].
Take the fourth stomach (abomasus) of a suckling calf,
wash it with water, and scrape off and collect the inner mucous
membrane.
Add three parts of this fresh membrane..   3
to twenty-six parts of Sherry Wine,....  26
and then add of
Chloride of Sodium one part....       1
Macerate for three days, stir frequently, and then filter.
Essence of Rennet is a clear, yellowish liquid. It should
be but slightly acidulous.




172
Liquor Stibii chlorati.
[SOLUTION OF CHLORIDE OF ANTIMONY]. Spiessglanzbutter.
[Solution of Terchloride of Antimony. Mfuriate of Antimony. Butter
of Antimony]. Butyrum Antimonii s. Stibii.
Take of Levigated Black Sulphuret of Antimony one
part,.....                 1
Hydrochloric Acid five parts....   5
Introduce them into a flask, and digest with a gradually
augmented heat as long as gas continues to be developed.
Then filter the cool liquid through asbestos, and distill from
a glass retort until the distillate becomes milky when mixed
with water.
Afterwards, mix the residual liquid in the retort with
Diluted Hydrochloric Acid a quantity sufficient so
that the specific gravity shall be between 1.34 and 1.36.
Solution of Chloride of Antimony is a clear, yellowish, oily
liquid. It is wholly volatilized at a moderate heat. When
mixed with from four to five parts of water it forms a pulpy
mass; the liquid, separated by filtration, and mixed with tartaric acid, should not become turbid on the addition of sulphate
of sodium, nor blue when treated with water of ammonia.
It should be cautiously preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.
Lithargyrum.
[LITHARGFE].                                 Bleigltte.
[Oxide of Lead]. Plumbum oxydatum.
A yellowish or reddish-yellow, heavy powder; completely
soluble, or very nearly so, in diluted nitric acid, with scarcely
any perceptible effervescence.  This solution, when mixed
with an excess of sulphuric acid, yields a filtrate, which, when
supersaturated with water of ammonia, does not exhibit a
blue color, and deposits but a mere trace of sesquioxide of
iron. Litharge, when repeatedly boiled with diluted acetic
acid, should leave only a very small amount of metallic lead
behind.
It should be cautiously preserved.




173
Lithium carbonicum.
[CARBONATE OF LITHIUM].          Kohlensaures Lithion.
A white, inodorous powder, of an alkaline reaction; soluble
in water and alcohol. It melts when heated, and on cooling
hardens into a crystalline mass.
One part should not dissolve in less than one hundred parts
of water. When dissolved in hydrochloric acid, the solution,
evaporated to dryness, leaves a residue which must be completely soluble in a mixture of equal weights of alcohol and
ether, and its aqueous solution must not be rendered turbid
by oxalate of ammonium, or carbonate of sodium.
Lycopodium.
[LYCOPODIUM].                           Bairlappsamen.
Streupulver. Semen ylcopodii.
Lyeopodium clavatum Linn.
A very fine powder, which, when viewed under the microscope, is found to consist of very small, four-angled-roundish
cells, with reticulated ridges, and having the form of a triangular pyramid, with a very convex base. Lycopodium is
very mobile, adhering to the fingers, of a pale-yellow color,
floating on water, with which it mixes with difficulty. When
thrown into flame it burns very quickly, with a crackling
noise, and without smoke.
It should be quite dry, free from foreign substances, not be
mixed with the deeper colored pollen of pines, hazelnut, and
other plants, all of which may be best detected by means of
the microscope. Neither should it be adulterated with starch,
or the flour of peas, which may be recognized by it striking a
blue color with a few drops of solution of iodine. It should
also be free from sand.
15*




174
Macis.
[MACE].                                            Macis.
Muskatbluthe. Arillus Mlyristice.
Myristica fragrans Houttuyn.
The covering (arillus) of the fruit; it is egg-shaped, thin,
somewhat horny, brittle, of an orange-yellow color, and
unctuous lustre; not parted at the base, but perforated; slit
at the upper part, and numerously divided. In commerce it
occurs in a compressed state, or in fragments.  It has a
burning taste when chewed, and a peculiar aromatic odor.
Magnesia carbonica.
[CARBONATE OF MAGNESIUM].              Weisse Magnesia.
Lagcnesia alba. Mlagnesia hydrico-carbonica.
A very white, coherent mass, which is very light, devoid
of taste, and readily reduced to powder. It dissolves in nitric
acid with effervescence, yielding a solution which does not
afford a precipitate with carbonate of ammonium, and is rendered but slightly turbid by chloride of barium, or nitrate of
silver, and is not altered in the least by hydrosulphuric acid.
The water in which it has been boiled, when filtered and
evaporated, should leave but a very slight residue.
Magnesia citrica effervescens.
[EFFERVESCING CITRATE OF MAGNESIUM]. Brausende citronensaure Magnesia.
Take of Carbonate of Magnesium twenty-five parts,.  25
Citric Acid seventy-five parts,....  75
Distilled Walter a sufficient quantity.
Mix, and reduce them to a rather thick paste, which
dry at a temperature not exceeding 300 C. Take of
this dry mass fourteen parts,......  14
and mix with
Bicarbonate of Sodium thirteen parts,..  13
Citric Acid six parts,..   6
White Sugar, in very fine powder, three parts.    3




175
Moisten the mixture with a sufficient quantity of alcohol,
and pass it through a tinned-iron sieve, to form a coarse,
granular powder. Lastly, dry the powder in a moderately
warm place.
It should be preserved in well-closed bottles.
Magnesia lactica.
[LACTATE OF MAGNESIUM].             Milchsaure Magnesia.
Take of Lactic Acid one part,.....   1
Distilled Water ten parts,.....  10
mix, heat gently, and add of
Carbonate of Magnesium a sufficient quantity
to effect neutralization. Then filter and evaporate, that
crystals, or crystalline crusts, may form.
The salt consists of colorless, prismatic crystals, or of crystalline crusts. It is permanent in the air, and has scarcely a
bitter taste. Soluble in about twenty-six parts of cold, and
in three and a half parts of boiling water; insoluble in alcohol.
The aqueous solution must not affect test-paper.  When
exposed to heat, the salt loses water, and at an increased temperature is calcined, and leaves a residue, consisting of magnesia, equal to half the weight of the salt.
Magnesia sulfurica.
[SULPHATE OF MAGNESIUM].                       Bittersalz.
[lpsom Salts].'Sal amarum. Sal Anglicum.
In small, colorless, prismatic crystals, very slightly efflorescent in the air, possessing a bitter, cooling, saline taste.
Soluble in three parts of cold, and in equal parts of boiling
water, forming a neutral solution.
The solution is not altered by hydrosulphuric acid, or tincture of galls, nor rendered turbid by nitrate of silver. If one
part of the salt, and three parts of carbonate of barium be
boiled with a sufficient quantity of water, the solution, when
filtered, must have no alkaline reaction.




176
Magnesia sulfurica sicca.
[DRIED SULPHATE OF MAGNESIUM]. Entwassertes Bittersalz.
Sulphate of Magnesium is allowed to fall into powder, in a
moderately warm place, until it has lost one-fourth part of
its weight. It is then passed through a sieve.
A fine, white powder, of the chemical purity of the crystallized salt.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
When Powdered Epsom Salts (Pulvis Magnesia sulfuricr),
is prescribed, the Dried Sulphate of Magnesium (Magnesia
suifurica sicca), is dispensed.
Magnesia usta.
[MAGNESIA].                        Gebrannte Magnesia.
[Caicined IMagnesia].
A bulky, very white, and fine powder. It should dissolve
in diluted sulphuric acid without effervescence.  In other
respects it behaves, in the presence of reagents, like carbonate
of magnesium.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Manganum hyperoxydatum.
[BLACK OXIDE OF MANGANESE].                  Braunstein.
[Peroxide, or Binoxide of Manganese].
In heavy crystalline, or compact masses, of a grayish-black
color, and metallic lustre; they are friable, and soil the
fingers. Heated with hydrochloric acid, chlorine is evolved.
When ten parts of the very finely powdered mineral is
digested in two hundred parts of hydrochloric acid, with
forty parts of pure protosulphate of iron, and afterwards
heated to the boiling point, a liquid is formed, which, when
filtered, must not assume a blue color on the addition of ferridcyanide of potassium. It must, therefore, contain no less
than sixty per cent. of pure peroxide of manganese.




177
Manna.
[Manna].                                          Manna.
Fraxinus Ornus idnn.
The purest Manna [Flake Manna], consists of pieces from
seven to twenty centimetres in length, and from two to four
centimetres in width, being more or less flattened, cannulated,
or triangular. They are dry, light, friable, and only slightly
viscid, having a. white or yellowish-white color, and a fibrous
fracture. Their taste is sweet, without being acrid. This
Manna is dispensed when Select or Cannulated Manna
(Manna electa vel canellata), is prescribed.
Common Manna [Manna in sorts], or Gerace Manna, occurs
in masses, and is composed of agglutinated fragments or
grains, of a whitish or brownish color. They are somewhat
viscid, and have a sweet and subnauseous, acrid taste.
The coarse, fat or Puglia Manna (Manna crassa, pinguis
seu de Puglia), in crumbling, soft, viscid, and brownish masses,
mixed with a great deal of impurities, and often in a state of
fermentation, should be rejected.
Mastix.
[MASTIC].                                         Mastix.
[Mastich]. Afastiohe. Resina Mastiche.
Pistacia Lentiscus Linn. y. Chin DC.
In somewhat spherical, pale-yellow, friable tears, of about
the size of a pea, externally dusty. The freshly-broken pieces
are glassy, shining and transparent. Mastic becomes soft
when chewed. It dissolves partially in cold and in boiling
alcohol.
Mel.
[HONEY].                                          Honig.
Apis mellifica Linn.,
When freshly collected, honey is a translucent, syrupy
liquid. By keeping, it is changed into a granular, opaque
mass, of a whitish-yellow, yellow, or brownish-yellow color.
It has a very sweet taste, and a peculiar odor, and forms,
with water and with diluted alcohol, a slightly turbid solution.
Honey must be free from acidity, and not be adulterated
with flour.




178
Mel depuratum.
[CLARIFIED HONEY].                    Gereinigter Honig.
Take of Honey one part,......   1
Common Water two parts.....   2
Heat them in a tinned vessel, and let them stand at a temperature of about 1000 C. for an hour, avoiding ebullition.
Filter the liquid when it has cooled to between 500 and 40~ C.,
and evaporate, by means of a steam-bath, to the consistence
of a syrup, and lastly strain.
Clarified honey is clear, and forms a clear mixture with
water. It has a yellowish-brown color, and should be free
from sour or empyreumatic odor and taste.
It should be preserved in a cool place.
Mel rosatum.
[HONEY OF ROSE].                             Rosenhonig.
Take of Pale Rose one part,......   1
Hot Water six parts......   6
Set aside for a night, then express and filter. Mix
the filtered liquid with
Clarified Honey ten parts,.....  10
and evaporate to the consistence of a syrup, by means of a
steam-bath, and strain.
Honey of Rose is clear, with a brown color.
It should be preserved in a cool place.
Minium.
[RED LEAD].                                     Mennige.
[Red Oxide of Lead].
A heavy, orange-red powder. Partially soluble in nitric
acid, leaving the brown peroxide of lead; but completely soluble, or nearly so, in the same acid on the addition of oxalic
acid or sugar. The solution thus produced, treated with an
excess of sulphuric acid, and filtered, must contain no copper,
and but a mere trace of iron.




179
Mixtura gummosa.
[GUM ARABIC MIXTURE].                      Gummi-Mixtur.
Take of Gum Arabic, in very fine powder,.15
White Sugar, in very fine powder, each, fifteen
parts,........  15
Dissolve them in
Distilled Water one hundred and seventy parts.  170
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Mixtura oleoso-balsamica.
[HOFFMAN'S BALSAM  OF LIFE].  Hoffmann'scher Lebensbalsam.
Balsamum Titce Hoffmanni.
Take of Oil of Lavender,......   1
Oil of Cloves,.......   1
Oil of Cinnamon (cassia),.                       1
Oil of Thyme,.......    1
Oil of Lemon,.......   1
Oil of Mace,.....   1
Oil of Orange flowers, each, one part,..    1
Balsam of Peru three parts,....   3
Alcohol two hundred and forty parts... 240
Mix and set aside for several days in a cool place, shake occasionally, and filter.
A clear, brownish-yellow liquid.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Mixtura sulfurica acida.
[SULPHURIC ACID MIXTURE].               Haller'sches Sauer.
In place of Elioir acidum Halleri.  [lraller's Acid Eliwir].
Take of Pure Sulphuric Acid one part,....    1
and add, by drops, while stirring, to
Alcohol three parts.......   3
A clear, colorless liquid of the specific gravity from 0.998
to 1.002.
It should be preserved in glass-stoppered bottles.




i80
Mixtura vulneraria acida.
[THEDEN'S VULNERARY WATER].   Theden'sches Wundwasser.
Take of Vinegar six parts,......   6
Diluted Alcohol three parts,....   3
Diluted Sulphuric Acid one part,...   1
Clarified Honey two parts......   2
Mix and filter.
It is clear and yellow  at first; afterwards it becomes
brownish.
Morphinum.
[MORPHIA].                                      Morphin.
In white, shining, prismatic crystals, not efflorescent in the'
air; or in a crystalline powder. It has an alkaline reaction
and a bitter taste. It is scarcely dissolved by cold water,
ether or benzole; but it is more readily soluble in alcohol, and
freely so in diluted acids, solutions of caustic potassa, and
soda, and also in lime-water. When gradually heated, morphia fuses, and, at an elevated temperature, chars and burns
without leaving a residue. It is dissolved, without coloration,
by sulphuric acid; but, if afterwards heated and allowed to
cool, a blood-red color is produced in the mixture by a very
little nitric acid.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Morphinum  aceticum.
[ACETATE OF MORPHIA].              Essigsaures Morphin.
A white or whitish powder, having a slight odor of acetic
acid and a very bitter taste. Soluble in about twenty-four
parts of water, to which has been added a few drops of diluted acetic acid.  It dissolves with greater difficulty in
alcohol.
It behaves in the presence of reagents like morphia.
It should be cautiously preserved in closed vessels.




181
Morphinum hydrochloricum.
[MURIATE OF MORPHIA].                Salzsaures Morphin.
[Hydrochlorate of MJorphia].
In white crystals of a silky lustre, frequently united in
tufts; of a very bitter taste. Soluble in twenty parts of cold
water, and in sixty parts of alcohol; both solutions are neutral.
It behaves in the presence of reagents like morphia.
Preserve it cautiously.
Morphinum sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF MORPHIA].          Schwefelsaures Morphin.
In colorless, light, acicular crystals of a silky lustre; readily
soluble in water and in alcohol, forming neutral solutions.
It behaves in the presence of reagents like morphia.
Preserve it cautiously.
Moschus.
[MUSK].                                          Moschus.
Moschus mosehiferus Linn.
Musk is at first in the form of an unctuous mass, but afterwards crumbles into grains of various sizes, with a brown
color and fatty lustre. If triturated it may be spread out in
a thin layer. It is secreted in a peculiar sac, lined internally
with a thin, brown membrane, firom which the musk is removed for use, and separated from adhering membranes and
hairs. The taste is bitterish, and the odor peculiar, very persistent, and exceedingly penetrating. The sacs are almost
semi-globular in form, from three to four centimetres in width,
somewhat flattened on one side, and without hairs; on the
other side convex, with yellowish-brown, appressed hairs
(stiff and of a darker shade at the apex), disposed in a concentric manner around the two orifices near the middle of
the sacs.
Care should be taken against adulterated musk: where the
sacs have been opened and the genuine musk partially removed, and afterwards filled with foreign substances. Russian
or Kabardine musk should be entirely rejected; the sacs of
which are filled with a paler mass, of a much weaker and
urinous odor.
16




182
Mucilago Cydoniae.
[MUCILAGE OF QUINCE SEED].              Quittenschleim.
Take of Quince Seed one part,.....   1
Rose Water fifty parts.....  50
Let them stand for half an hour, shaking frequently, then
strain.
Mucilago Gummi Arabici.
[MUCILAGE OF GUM ARABIC].               Gummischleim.
Take of Gum Arabic one part,..1
wash it with distilled water, then dissolve it in
Distilled Water two parts,.   2
and strain.
Mucilago Salep.
[MUCILAGE OF SALEP].                      Salepschleimn.
Take of Powdered Salep one part,.....   1
Cold Common Water ten parts...            10
Shake them well together in a flask, and add of
Boiling Common Water ninety parts,.       90
and shake again, until cold.
It should be freshly prepared for dispensing.




183
Myrrha.
[MYRRH].                                        Myrrhe.
Gummi-resina M~yrrha.
Balsamodendron Ehrenbergianum Berg, perhaps also
Balsamodendron Myrrha Nees.
Myrrh occurs in pieces of irregular forms and variable sizes,
covered with a fine powder or dust. The pieces are uneven
on the surface, sometimes roundish in shape; have a yellowish
or reddish-brown color, are friable, and, when broken, the
fractured surface presents a waxy lustre, and a paler or deep
reddish-brown color, and is sometimes marked with light colored veins. Myrrh has a peculiar balsamic odor and a bitter
taste. Of a given quantity, the larger part is dissolved by
water, forming a yellowish-brown and turbid solution, but
only the lesser part is taken up by alcohol, yielding a reddishyellow solution, which assumes a violet color on the addition
of nitric acid.
Dark-brown pieces of a disagreeable odor, the alcoholic
solution of which is not colored violet by nitric acid, or pieces
which are entirely soluble, or merely swell up in water, are
to be rejected.
Natrium chloratum purum.
[PURE CHLORIDE OF SODIUM].             Reines Kochsalz.
[Common or Culinary Salt.  Mfuriate of Soda].  Natrum
Muriaticum purum.
In small, white, cubic crystals, or in crystalline grains, of
a salty taste; soluble in two and eight-tenths parts of water.
When heated it decrepitates.
An aqueous solution is neutral, and is not rendered turbid
by hydrosulphuric acid, hydrosulphate of ammonium, oxalate.
of ammonium, nitrate of barium, or carbonate of sodium.




184
Natrum  aceticum.
[ACETATE OF SODIUM].                  Essigsaures Natron.
_Terma foliate Tartar! ciystallisata.
In prismatic, colorless, inodorous and transparent crystals;
efflorescent in the air; soluble in three parts of cold, and in
equal parts of boiling water; also soluble in alcohol. When
heated they first undergo the watery fusion, then become anhydrous and enter into igneous fusion, and finally, at a redheat, are decomposed, emitting the odor of acetone.
When dissolved in about forty parts of water, the solution must not become turbid on the addition of hydrosulphuric acid, chloride of barium, or nitrate of silver.
Natrum bicarbonicum.
[BICARBONATE OF SODIUM].  Doppelkohlensaures Natron.
In very white, inodorous, concrete, crystalline crusts or
pieces, permanent in the air, having a mild saline and slightly
alkaline taste.  Soluble in fourteen parts of cold water,
but insoluble in alcohol. A solution of the salt in one hundred parts of water, is not altered by hydrosulphuric acid.
When supersaturated with nitric acid, chloride of barium
and nitrate of silver cause but a slight cloudiness in the solution. If six grammes of an aqueous liquid containing three
decigrammes of corrosive chloride of mercury be mixed with
a solution of two grammes of the bicarbonate of sodium in
thirty grammes of cold water, the mixture must become but
slightly cloudy after three minutes' repose.
Natrum carbonicum crudum.
[COMMERCIAL CARBONATE OF SODIUM]. Rohes krystallisirtes kohlensaures Natron.
[Sat Soda]. Soda. Natrum carbonicum crystallisatum crudum.
Sal Sodae crldus.
In large, colorless crystals, or in crystalline masses, containing from thirty-three to thirty-five per cent. of anhydrous
carbonate of sodium. The aqueous solution, supersaturated
with nitric acid, should be rendered but very slightly turbid
by chloride of barium or nitrate of silver. Neither the alkaline solution, nor one acidulated with hydrochloric acid, should
be affected by hydrosulphuric acid.




185
Natrum carbonicum purum.
[PURE CRYSTALLIZED  CARBONATE OF SODIUM].   Reines
krystallisirtes kohlensaures Natron.
Natrum carbonicum depuratum. Sal Sodle depuratus.
In colorless, transparent crystals, of an alkaline taste, efflorescent in the air, soluble in two parts of cold, and in onefourth part of boiling water; forming alkaline solutions.
Neither the alkaline solution, nor one acidulated with hydrochloric acid, should be altered by hydrosulphuric acid. A
solution, supersaturated by nitric acid, should not be rendered
turbid by nitrate of silver or nitrate of barium.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Natrum  carbonicum  siccum.
[DRIED CARBONATE OF SODIUM].            Getrocknete Soda.
Coarsely powdered, pure crystallized Carbonate of Sodium
is allowed to effloresce in a warm place until it has lost about
half its weight. The dried, white powder is then passed
through a sieve and preserved in a well-closed vessel.
This dried soda is dispensed when Powdered Carbonate of
Sodium is prescribed.
Natrum nitricum.
[NITRATE OF SODIUM].            Gereinigter Chilisalpeter.
[Cubic Nitre. Chili Saltpetrel.  Nitrum cubicumn.
In colorless, transparent, rhomboidal crystals. They are
anhydrous, permanent in dry air, and have a cooling, saline,
somewhat bitter taste. Soluble in two parts of cold, and in
less than its own weight of boiling water.
16*




186
An aqueous solution should not become turbid on the addition
of hydrosulphuric acid, or carbonate of sodium; and nitrate
of barium, or nitrate of silver should render it but very
slightly cloudy. The solution, shaken with bisulphide of
carbon, which has been mixed with chlorine water, must not
communicate a brownish-yellow or violet-red color to the
former. Neither must bisulphide of carbon, when shaken
with the watery solution, to which has been added diluted
sulphuric acid, and a little zinc, assume a violet-red color.
Natrum phosphoricum.
[PHOSPHATE OF SODIUM].          Phosphorsaures Natron.
In colorless, transparent, oblique-rhomboidal crystals, efflorescent in dry air. It has a mild saline taste, and is soluble
in six parts of cold, and in two parts of boiling water, with
an alkaline reaction. It should not effervesce with any of
the acids.
The aqueous solution, acidulated with a little nitric acid,
should become but very slightly turbid with chloride of
barium, and nitrate of silver. Neither should the alkaline
solution, nor one acidulated with hydrochloric acid, be affected
by hydrosulphuric acid.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Natrum pyrophosphoricum.
[PYROPHOSPHATE OF SODIUM]. Pyrophosphorsaures Natron.
In colorless, oblique-rhombic prisms, permanent in the air.
When heated they lose water, at an increased temperature
undergo the watery fusion, and on cooling form a transparent,
crystalline mass. When dissolved in ten parts of cold water,
the solution has an alkaline reaction, and yields, on the addition of nitrate of silver, a white precipitate, the liquid at the
same time becomes neutral.
The aqueous solution, acidulated with nitric acid, should
become but very slightly turbid with chloride of barium, or
nitrate of silver. Hydrosulphuric acid does not change the
alkaline, or the acidulated solution,




187
Natrum pyrophosphoricum ferratum.
[FERRO-PYROPHOSPHATE OF SODIUM]. Pyrophosphorsaures
Eisenoxyd-Natron.
Take of Pyrophosphate of Sodium two hundred parts.. 200
Rub to powder, and, avoiding heat, pour upon it
Cold Distilled Water four hundred parts... 400
While stirring constantly, add, in successive small portions, of
Solution of Sesquichloride of Iron eighty-one
parts,........   81
previously diluted with
Distilled Water two hundred and twenty parts,. 220
with the precaution, that a new portion of the liquid is
added only after each previously formed precipitate has
been redissolved.
The greenish liquid obtained in this manner is filtered,
and mixed with
Alcohol one thousand parts..... 1000
The resulting precipitate is washed with a little alcohol,
expressed between folds of bibulous paper, and dried at a
gentle heat.
It forms a white, amorphous powder, dissolving slowly in
cold water, forming a greenish liquid, which yields a precipitate on the addition of alcohol.
The solution is decomposed when boiled, while yielding a
white precipitate.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Natrum Santonicum.
[SANTONATE OF SODIUM].           Santoninsaures Natron.
In colorless, transparent, tabular, or laminar crystals, of a
bitter, saline taste, and alkaline reaction. Soluble in three
parts of cold water, and in twelve parts of alcohol, but it dissolves much more readily in boiling water, and boiling alcohol.
The aqueous solution deposits santonine on the addition of
acids. An alcoholic solution of potassa colors it red. Light
scarcely affects the salts.
It should be cautiously preserved.




188
Natrum subsulfurosum.
[HYPOSULPHITE OF SODIUM]. Unterschwefiigsaures Natron.
Natrum hyposulfurosum.
In colorless, transparent, inodorous prisms, permanent in
the air, having a saline, afterwards bitterish taste. They
readily dissolve in water, forming a feebly alkaline solution.
If hydrochloric acid be added to an aqueous solution, it
becomes turbid after a while, and disengages sulphurous acid.
A strong aqueous solution yields, with chloride of barium, a
white precipitate, which must be entirely soluble in a larger
quantity of water.
A solution of one part of the salt with two parts of water,
should dissolve, at least, one part of iodine, which solution
must be colorless, and should not change the color of testpaper.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Natrum sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF SODIUM].                       Glaubersalz.
[Glauber's Salt]. Natrum sulphuricum depuratum. Sal mirabile
Glauberi depuratum.
In colorless, transparent crystals, which readily effloresce
in the air, and deliquesce when exposed to heat; soluble in
three parts of cold water, in a third part of water at a temperature of 330 C., and in two-fifths at a temperature of 1000
C., forming a solution which should not affect test-paper.
An aqueous solution is not altered by hydrosulphuric acid,
or hydrosulphate of ammonium; and nitrate of silver should
cause but a very slight cloudiness.
Natrum sulfuricum siccum.
[DRIED SULPHATE OF SODIUM]. Entwassertes Glaubersalz.
It is prepared from Crystallized Sulphate of Sodium, like
Dried Carbonate of Sodium (Natrum carbonicum siccum).
It should be preserved in a well-closed vessel.
This preparation is dispensed when Powdered Sulphate of
Sodium is prescribed.




189
Olea aetherea.
[ESSENTIAL OILS].                      Aetherische Oele.
[Distilled Oils. Volatile Oils].
The essential oils are mostly prepared by distillation, more
rarely by expression.
They should be clear, and possess the odor of the substances
from which they are prepared in a high degree. They must
entirely volatilize by heat, and mix with all proportions of
the fixed oils, and absolute alcohol, forming clear solutions.
They are so slightly soluble in water, that if shaken with a
large bulk of it, the essential oils scarcely suffer diminution of
volume. Most of the essential oils are lighter than water.
They should be preserved in well-closed vessels, in a cool
place, and be protected from the light.
Oleum Amygdalarum.
[EXPRESSED OIL OF ALMOND].                      Mandelol.
[Almond Oil].
It is prepared from Sweet or Bitter Almonds. The seeds
are coarsely powdered, inclosed in a bag, and expressed between cold plates. The cake is then powdered, and the expression repeated as before. The oil is set aside for a while,
then filtered.
It should be clear. It has a yellowish color, and a peculiar,
mild odor, without rancidity. It does not thicken in the cold.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Oleum animale aethereum.
[ETHEREAL ANIMAL OIL].              Aetherisches Thieroil.
[Rectifled  Animal Oil. DippelPs Animal Oil]. Oleum animale
Dippelii.
Crude animal oil (oleum animale fcetidum) is distilled with
a gentle heat, by means of a sand-bath, as long as a thin oil
passes over, which is to be mixed with four times its weight
of water, and redistilled as long as the distillate continues to
be colorless, or but slightly yellow. The oil is afterwards
separated from the water.
The oil is transparent, colorless, or slightly yellow, and
possesses a very strong odor. Oil that has acquired a brown
color should be rejected.
It should be preserved in small, well-closed bottles, which
should be kept under water.




190
Oleum Anisi.
[OIL OF ANISE].                                   Anisoil.
A thin, colorless, or slightly yellow, oil. It concretes between 60 and 18~ C., and forms a crystalline mass. It is soluble in from four to five parts of alcohol.
Oleum Aurantii Corticis.
[OIL OF ORANGE].                   Pomeranzenschalenoil.
A thin, yellowish oil, which, with five parts of alcohol, forms
a turbid solution.
Oleum Aurantii Florum.
[OIL OF ORANGE FLOWERS].          Pomeranzenbliithenoil.
[Oil of Neroli]. Oleum Florum Naphce. Oleum Yeroli.
A thin, yellowish, or reddish-yellow oil, soluble in an equal
weight of alcohol.
Oleum Bergamottae.
[OIL OF BERGAMOT].                          Bergamotttil.
Citrus Bergamia Risso.
A thin, pale yellow, or greenish-yellow oil, soluble in all
proportions of alcohol.
Oleum Cacao.
[BUTTER OF CACAO].                          Kakaobutter.
[Oil of Theobroma. U. S. P.] Butyrum Cacao.
Theobroma Cacao Linn.
It is yellowish-white, of a feeble peculiar odor, and bland
taste. It is of a firmer consistency than mutton suet, and
melts at a temperature of 300 C.




191
Oleum Cajeputi.
[OIL OF CAJEPUT].                              Cajaputoil.
]lelaleuca Leuncadendron Linn., et Melaleuca minor Smith.
A green or yellowish-green oil, soluble in all proportions
of alcohol.
Oil contaminated with copper should be rejected.
Oleum Cajeputi rectificatum.
[REFINED OIL OF CAJEPUT].         Gereinigtes Cajaputol.
Take of Oil of Cajeput one part,.....   1
Common Water six parts...                  6
Distill as long as a colorless, or slightly yellow oil passes
over.
Oleum Calami.
[OIL OF CALAMUS].                              Kalmusbl.
A yellow, or brownish-yellow, thickish oil, soluble in all
proportions of alcohol.
Oleum Camphoratum.
[CAMPHORATED OIL].                            K ampferol.
[Liniment of Camphor].
Take of Camphor one part.                               1
Dissolve it in
Provence Olive Oil nine parts...... 9
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.




192
Oleum Carvi.
[OIL OF CARAWAY].                             Kiimmelol.
A thin, colorless, or pale-yellowish oil, soluble in all proportions of alcohol.
Oleum Caryophyllorum.
[OIL OF CLOVES].                               Nelkendl.
A thickish, yellowish, or yellowish-brown oil, heavier than
water, soluble in all proportions of alcohol.
Oleum Chamomillae aethereum.
[OIL OF GERMAN CHAMOMILE].  Aetherisches Kamillen6Jl.
A thick, dark-blue oil, having at a low temperature nearly
the consistence of butter; soluble in from eight to ten parts
of alcohol.
Oleum Chamomillae infusum.
[INFUSED OIL OF CHAMOMILE].           Fettes Kamillenoil.
In place of Oleum Chamonillce coctum.
Take of German Chamomile two parts,....   2
Alcohol one part.....   1
Mix, and set aside in a well-closed vessel for several
hours, then, having added of
Provence Olive Oil twenty parts,..      20
digest in a steam-bath, shaking occasionally, until the alcohol
is all evaporated, then express, set aside for a few days, and
filter.
It is clear, and of a yellowish-green color.




193
Oleum Cinnamomi Cassiae.
[OIL OF CINNAMON].                              Zimmtoil.
[Oil of Cassia].  Zimmtkassienol. Oleum Cinnamomi.
Oleum Cassice.
A thickish, yellowish, or yellowish-brown oil, heavier than
water, soluble in all proportions of alcohol.
Oleum Cinnamomi Zeylanici.
[OIL OF CEYLON CINNAMON].         Zeylonisches Zimmtoil.
A thickish, yellowish, or brownish-red oil, heavier than
water, soluble in all proportions of alcohol.
Oleum Citri.
[OIL OF LEMON].                               Citroneniol.
Oleum de Cedro.
A thin oil; when recently prepared somewhat cloudy, becoming clear and yellowish by age, and dissolving in from ten
to twenty parts of alcohol.
Oleum Cocois.
[COCO-NUT OIL].                                 Kokoso"l.
[Cocoa-nut Oil].
Coeos nucifera Linn.
A white, fatty substance, solid and somewhat granular when
cold, becoming soft at 150 C., and liquid at 230 C., having a
peculiar odor.
17




194
Oleum Crotonis.
[CROTON OIL].                                  Kroton1l.
Tiglium officinale Klotzsch.
A thickish, yellowish, or brownish-yellow fixed oil. The
taste is at first bland, but becomes very acrid on the tongue,
and produces blisters. It has a disagreeable odor. It is soluble in thirty-six parts of alcohol, and easily soluble in ether.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Oleum Foeniculi.
[OIL OF FENNEL].                               Fenchel1l.
A thin, colorless or yellowish oil, congealing between a
temperature of 40 and 180 C., to a crystalline mass, soluble
in from one to two parts of alcohol.
Oleum Hyoscyami infusum.
[INFUSED OIL OF HYoSCYAMUS].    Fettes Bilsenkraut6l.
In place of Oleum Hyoscyami coctum.
It is prepared from Hyoscyamus Leaves, like Oleum Chamomillke infusum.
It has a brownish-green color.
Oleum Jecoris Aselli.
[COD-LIVER OIL].                             Leberthran.
Gadus Mlorrhua Iinn., Gadus Callarias inn.,
Gadus Carbonarius Lionn., and of other species of Gadus.
A clear, yellowish or reddish-brown oil, of a fishy odor,
without rancidity.




195
Oleum Juniperi.
[OIL OF JUNIPER BERRIES].             Wachholderbeeriol.
Oleum Fructuum Juniperi.
A thin, colorless, or slightly yellowish oil, soluble in twelve
parts of alcohol, forming a turbid solution.
Oleum Juniperi empyreumaticum.
[OIL OF CADE].                                  KEadeol.
Oleum cadinum.
Juniperus Oxycedrus Linn.
An empyreumatic, dark-brown semi-fluid oil, similar to tar.
Oleum Lauri.
[OIL OF BAYS].                                Lorbeerol.
[-Expressed Oil of Bays]. Oleum laurinum. Oleum Lauri unguinosum
s. eapressum.
A granular, green, or yellowish-green oil, of the consistence
of an ointment, having the aromatic odor of the bay-berries;
soluble in one and a half parts of ether.
The green color is not changed by water of ammonia.
Oleum Lavandulae.
[OIL OF LAVENDER].                           Lavendeliol.
A thin, yellowish, or greenish-yellow oil, soluble in its own
weight of alcohol.




196
Oleum Lini.
[FLAXSEED OIL].                                    Leinoil.
[Linseed Oil].
A clear, yellowish, fixed, drying oil, of a bland taste, and
a peculiar odor. It concretes at a temperature of' 160 C.
Soluble in one and a half parts of ether, and in five parts of
absolute alcohol.
Oleum Lini sulfuratum.
[SULPHURATED FLAXSEED OIL].        Geschwefeltes Leinil.
[Balsam of Sulphur]. Balsamum Sulphuris.
Take of Flaxseed Oil six parts.                          6
Heat it in a sufficiently capacious iron vessel, and
add of
Sublimed Sulphur one part.                      1
Boil them, stirring constantly with a spatula, and avoiding
the boiling over of the mixture, until they have united into
a homogeneous mass.
It has the consistence of [European] turpentine, and a
reddish-brown color. It is completely soluble in oil of turpentine.
Oleum Macidis.
[OIL OF MACE].                                    Macisol.
Muskatbluthenoi;
A thin, colorless, or yellowish oil, soluble in six parts of
alcohol.
Oleum Majoranae.
[OIL OF SWEET MARJORAM].                        Meiranil.
A thin, yellowish oil, soluble in all proportions of alcohol.




197
Oleum Menthae crispae.
[OIL OF CURLED-MINT].                     Krauseminz61.
A thin oil, becoming thicker, and pale-yellow or greenish
by age. Soluble in all proportions of alcohol.
Oleum Menthae piperitse.
[OIL OF PEPPERMINT].                      Pfefferminz51.
A thin, colorless oil, sometimes of a yellowish or greenish
color, becoming thicker by age. Soluble in equal parts of
alcohol.
Oleum Myristicae.
[EXPRESSED OIL OF NUTMEG].                Muskatnussol.
[Butter of Nutmegs]. Mlluskatbutter. Oleum Nucistce expressurn.
Butyrum Nucistce.
An oil of the consistence of suet, occurring in commerce in
quadrangular cakes, of an orange-yellow color, with a yellowish-white, or reddish-mottled appearance, having the
peculiar odor of the nutmeg. It is completely soluble in four
parts of boiling ether, and melts between 450 and 480 C.
Oleum Olivarum.
[OLIVE OIL].                                   Olivenol.
[Sweet Oil].
There are two kinds in use:
1. Best Olive Oil, or Provence Olive Oil (Oleum Olivarum
optimum seu Provinciale), of a pale-yellow color, a feeble, peculiar odor, and a bland taste.
2. Common or Green Olive Oil (Oleum Olivarum commune
seu viride), of a yellow or greenish-yellow color, and a more
or less disagreeable odor. Both oils congeal into an unctuous,
granular mass at a temperature of a few degrees above 0~ C.
17*




198
Oleum Papaveris.
[POPPY OIL].                                     Mohn1l.
A yellowish, fixed, drying oil, almost without odor, having
a bland taste.
Oleum Petrae Italicum.
[CRUDE PETROLEUM].                               Stein1l.
Petroleum crudum.
A clear, yellowish or reddish liquid, iridescent, having a
peculiar bituminous odor; soluble in the fixed and essential
oils, also in ether and absolute alcohol. It dissolves with difficulty in alcohol. Specific gravity from 0.75 to 0.85.
Oleum phosphoratum.
[PHOSPIHORATED OIL].               Phosphorhaltiges Oel.
Take of Phosphorus, well dried, one part,...   1
Expressed Oil of Almonds eighty parts...  80
Having introduced them into a flask, place it in hot water
to melt the phosphorus. Then shake the vessel, and, when
the solution is completed, set aside, in a cool place, for half
an hour. Pour off cautiously the cold oil from the, perchance,
slight deposit of phosphorus.
It is clear, fuming, having the odor of phosphorus.
It is only prepared when wanted for dispensing.
Oleum Ricini.
[CASTOR OIL].                                  Ricinusdl.
Oleum Ca8toris vet Palmce Christi.
Iicinus communis Linn.
A rather thick fixed oil, colorless or yellowish, congealing
by cold, and having a bland taste. Soluble in all proportions of alcohol.
Rancid Castor Oil, and that which is acrid and irritating
to the throat, should be rejected.




199
Oleum Rosse.
[OIL OF ROSE].                                   Rosenil.
Otto or Attar of Roses.
Rosa moschata Miller; Rosa Damascena Miller, and of other
species of Rose.
A pale-yellow, volatile oil, rather thick and crystalline,
liquefying between 150 and 250 C. Soluble at 170 C. in ninety
parts of alcohol.
Oleum Rosmarini.
[OIL OF ROSEMARY].                           Rosmarin5l.
Oleum Anthos.
A thin, colorless oil, soluble in equal parts of alcohol.
Oleum Sabinae.
[OIL OF SAVINE].                             Sadebaumil.
A thin, yellowish oil, soluble in equal parts of alcohol.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Oleum Sinapis.
[OIL OF MUSTARD].                    Aetherisches Senf1l.
[Volatile Oil of Mustard. -Essential Oil of Mustard].
A thin, yellowish, or yellow oil, heavier than water, of a
very pungent odor. It is soluble in fifty parts of water, and
in all proportions of alcohol.
When the oil is shaken with three times its volume of pure
sulphuric acid, keeping the mixture cool while shaking, it
should, after twelve hours, be converted into a thick or crystalline mass, which should not have a brown color.
Preserve it cautiously in well-closed vessels.
Oleum Succini rectificatum.
[RECTIFIED OIL OF AMBER].        Gereinigtes Bernsteinoil.
A thin, colorless, or yellowish oil, soluble in from ten to
twelve parts of alcohol.




200
Oleum Terebinthinae.
[OIL OF TURPENTINE].                       Terpenthinol.
[Spirits of Turpentine]. Spiritus Terebinthinwa.
A thin, colorless, or slightly yellowish oil. An oil having
an empyreumatic odor should be rejected.
Oleum Terebinthinae rectificatum.
[RECTIFIED OIL OF TURPENTINE].   Gereinigtes Terpenthinol.
It is prepared from Oil of Turpentine, like Rectified Oil of
Cajeput.
It is thin, colorless, and soluble in about twelve parts of
alcohol.
Oleum Terebinthinae sulfuratum.
[SULPHURATED OIL OF TURPENTINE].    Schwefelbalsam.
Balsamum Sulphuris terebinthinatum.
Take of Sulphurated Flaxseed Oil one part,...   1
Oil of Turpentine three parts.....   3
Dissolve by digestion. After repose decant the clear liquid
from the deposit.
It is clear, and of a reddish-brown color.
Oleum Thymi.
[OIL OF THYME].                               Tbymianol.
A thin, colorless, sometimes yellowish or greenish oil, soluble in equal parts of alcohol.
Oleum Valerianae.
[OIL OF VALERIAN].                            Baldrianol.
A somewhat thick, brownish, or greenish-yellow oil, soluble
in all proportions of alcohol.




201
Olibanum.
[OLIBANUM].                                  Weihrauch.
[Frankincense]. Gummi-resina Olibanum. Thus.
Boswellia papyrifera llochstetter.
In roundish tears of different sizes, having a whitish, brownish-yellow or a brownish-red color, with a powdery surface.
The tears are friable, have a waxy lustre; when chewed they
soften and dissolve to some extent, producing a sensation of
coldness in the mouth.  They melt partially by heat, and
diffuse a balsamic odor. Alcohol dissolves the greater part,
and, when they are triturated with water, a milky fluid is
formed.
Opium.
[OPIUM].                                          Opium..fohnsaft. Laudanum. Meconium.
Papaver semniferum Linn.
Opium occurs generally in roundish or somewhat flattened
lumps, having a weight of about three-fourths of a kilogramme. They are enveloped in poppy leaves, and covered
with the fruits of a species of Rumex. The masses are somewhat soft when fresh, internally of a pale-brown color, consisting of grains or small tears, which are visible on the cut
surface. Opium is darker when dry, and has a reddish-brown,
shining fracture.  It is partially soluble in alcohol and in
water, and has a nauseous, narcotic odor, and a bitter taste.
Dried and powdered opium should contain no less than ten
per cent. of morphia.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Oxymel Colchici.
[OXYMEL OF COLCHICUM].   Herbstzeitlosen-Sauerhonig.
Take of Vinegar of Colchicum one part,...   1
Clarified Honey two parts.....   2
Mix, evaporate in a steam-bath to two parts,..   2
and strain.
It is clear with a brownish-yellow color.
It should be preserved in a cool place.




202
Oxymel Scillae.
[OXYMEL OF SQUILL].             Meerzwiebel-Sauerhonig.
It is prepared from Vinegar of Squill like Oxymel of Colchicum.
It is clear, with a yellowish-brown color.
It should be preserved in a cool place.
Oxymel simplex.
[SIMPLE OXYMEL].                             Sauerhonig.
Take of Diluted Acetic Acid one part,...   1
Clarified Honey forty parts.....  40
Mix them.
It is clear, with a yellowish-brown color.
Pasta Guarana.
[GUARANA].                                      Guarana.
[Paullinia].
Paullinia sorbilis Mllartius.
Guarana generally occurs in the form of cylindrical rolls,
less frequently in flattened or globular masses.  They are
prepared by removing the seeds from the pods, drying them
in the sun, powdering, and, with a little water, kneading them
into a paste, which is dried in the sun, or by the smoke of a
fire. The masses are hard, and have a dark-brown color, a
peculiar odor, and an astringent, bitterish taste, which is similar to that of cacao. They break generally with a flat surface, which has a feeble lustre; not unfrequently containing
separate seeds, and they dissolve partially in water.




203
Pasta gummosa.
[MARSHMALLOW  PASTE].                        Gummipasta.
[Opaque Gum Paste]. Pasta Althcea3.
Take of Gum Arabic,....... 200
White Sugar, each, two hundred parts... 200
Dissolve them in
Cold Distilled Water six hundred parts... 600
Allow the liquid to settle, strain from the impurities,
and evaporate it in a copper kettle, placed in a steambath, to the consistence of honey, while stirring with a
wooden spatula. Then add of
Fresh White of Eggs one hundred and fifty
parts,........   150
previously beaten to a thick froth. Continue the stirring,while evaporating the paste with a gentle heat, until
it drops with some difficulty from the spatula in motion.
Finally, having added
Oleosaccharate of Neroli* one part,...   1
pour the mass into paper capsules, and dry it in a warm
place. Then remove from the capsules, and cut it into strips,
and preserve it in a dry place.
Marshmallow Paste is very white.
Pasta Liquiritiae.
[LIQUORICE PASTE].                          Siissholzpasta.
Pasta Glycyrrhizae.
Take of Liquorice Root, cut, one part....       1
Pour upon it
Distilled Water twenty parts,.                20
macerate for twelve hours, then strain and filter, and,
having diluted the liquid with
Distilled Water ten parts,.                    10
add, and dissolve
Gum Arabic, previously washed with water,
fifteen parts,......  15
White Sugar nine parts.....   9
* See Elveosacchara, page 67.




204
Pour the liquid through a woolen strainer, heat it for
an hour in a steam-bath, and, having removed the film, evaporate immediately, without stirring, until a drop placed on a
cold metal plate congeals to the consistence of stiff jelly.
Then, after removing the film, pour the mass into paper capsules, which have been placed inside tin ones. Dry the paste
sufficiently with a gentle heat, remove it from the paper capsules with the aid of steam, cut it into narrow strips, and dry
it properly.
The paste has a brownish-yellow color, is translucent, and
free from empyreuma.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels, in a dry place.
Phosphorus.
[PHOSPHORUS].                                  Phosphor.
A translucent, white or yellowish, wax-like substance,
which occurs generally in the form of small cylindrical sticks.
When exposed to the air it diffuses an odor somewhat similar
to garlic. It is luminous in the dark; ignites very readily,
and melts under water at a temperature of 440 C., to a clear,
oily fluid. It is insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol
and ether, more readily so in the fixed and essential oils, and
dissolves with still greater facility in bisulphide of carbon.
It contains frequently traces of sulphur and arsenic.
It should be very cautiously preserved under water, in a
glass bottle which must be inclosed in a tin case.
Pilulae aloeticae ferratae.
[FERRATED PILLS OF ALOES].            Italienische Pillen.
[Italian Pills]. Pilulce Itaicce nigrc.
Take of Pure Dried Protosulphate of Iron,
Aloes, powdered, each, equal parts.
Mix, and beat them into a pilular mass by means of a
sufficient quantity of alcohol, and divide into pills, each weighing ten centigrammes.
They have a shining, black color.




205
Pilulas Ferri carbonici.
[PILL OF CARBONATE OF IRON].          Vallet'sche Pillen.
[ Vallet's Mass]. Pilulce ferratce Valleti.
Take of Pure Protosulphate of Iron twenty-four parts,  24
and dissolve it in boiled Distilled Water seventy-five
parts, to which has been added one-twentieth part of its
weight of Simple Syrup.
Likewise dissolve
Pure Carbonate of Sodium twenty-five parts,.  25
in seventy parts of Distilled Water, sweetened as above,
and filter.
Mix the liquids in a vessel, which should be completely filled by them, and close it tightly. Pour off the
supernatant liquid from the precipitate, and fill the vessel again with sweetened water. Shake well and let it
stand for twelve hours. Then pour off the liquid again
from the precipitate, and repeat the operation with
sweetened water, until only a mere trace of sulphate and
carbonate of sodium may be detected. Then inclose
the precipitate in a linen cloth saturated with simple
syrup, express forcibly, and mix, without delay, with
Honey fourteen parts,.....  14
previously warmed by means of a steam-bath.
Evaporate the mass in the steam-bath until the residue
shall be twenty-one parts,.                          21
so that a pilular mass may be formed, which should contain
one-half its weight of carbonate of protoxide of iron.
Twenty-five decigrammes of the mass, after the necessary
addition of powdered marshmallow root, are formed into
twenty-five pills which are dusted with powdered cassia.
Each pill contains five centigrammes (0.05) of carbonate of
iron.
Pilulae Jalapae.
[PILLS OF JALAP].                         Jalapenpillen.
Take of Jalap Soap three parts,.....   3
Jalap Root, powdered, one part...   1
Beat them into a pilular mass, and divide into pills, each
weighing ten centigrammes, and dust them with lycopodium.
18




206
Pilulas odontalgicae.
[ODONTALGIC PILLS].                           Zahnpillen.
[Tooth-ache Fills].
Take of Opium, powdered,......   5
Belladonna Root, powdered,.   5
Pellitory Root, powdered, each, five grammes,.   5
Yellow Wax seven grammes,....   7
Expressed Oil of Almonds two grammes,..   2
Oil of Cajeput,
Oil of Cloves, each, fifteen drops.
Mix them in a moderately warm mortar, and beat into a
pilular mass; form  it into pills, each weighing five centigrammes, and dust them with powdered cloves. They are of
a soft consistence.
They should be preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Pix liquida.
[TAR].                                            Theer.
Resina empyreumatica liquida.
A thick, oily, blackish-brown, semi-translucent liquid, heavier
than water. It has an unpleasant empyreumatic smell, and
a bitter, burning taste.
Warm water, shaken with tar, acquires an acid reaction.
It is procured by the destructive distillation of the wood
of the Abies genus, or of Beech.
Pix navalis.
[BLACK PITCH].                               Schiffspech.
Pix nigra. Pix solida. Resina empyreumatica solida.
A black, opaque, resinous mass, brittle when cold, becoming
soft between the fingers by the warmth of the hand, and
having the odor of tar, from which it has been procured by
distilling off the volatile portion.




207
Placentae Seminis Lini.
[FLAXSEED OIL-CAKE].                       Leinkuchen.
[Linseed Oil-cake].
The cake left after the expression of linseed oil.
Plumbum aceticum.
[ACETATE OF LEAD].                Essigsaures Bleioxyd.
[Sugar of Lead]. Bleizucker. Saccharum Saturni depuratum.
In colorless, translucent crystals, soluble in two parts of
cold, and in half its weight of boiling water, also in eight
parts of alcohol.
The aqueous solution throws down a white precipitate on
the addition of water of ammonia; the liquid separated from
the precipitate by filtration should have no blue color.
It should be preserved cautiously in well-closed vessels.
Plumbum Iodatum.
[IODIDE OF LEAD].                               Jodblei.
An orange-yellow powder, soluble in one thousand and
three hundred parts of cold, and in two hundred parts of
boiling water, leaving no residue, and forming a colorless
solution. It is fused and decomposed by heat, emitting violetcolored vapors.
It should be cautiously preserved.




208
Plumbum tannicum pultiforme.
[SOFT TANNATE OF LEAD]. Breiartiges gerbsauresBleioxyd.
Cataplasma ad decubitum.
Take of Oak Bark, cut, eight parts....               8
Boil it for half an hour in
Common Water a sufficient quantity to yield
forty parts,......  40
of strained decoction.
To the filtered decoction, add, while stirring, of
Solution of Subacetate of Lead about four parts,    4
or add as long as a precipitate is thrown down.
The precipitate, collected on a filter, consists of about
three parts, by weight, and is of the consistence of a
rather thick liniment. Mix this precipitate, in a gallipot, with
Alcohol one part.......   1
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Potio Riveri.
[SOLUTION OF CITRATE OF SODIUM].    River'scher Trank.
[River's Effervescing Draught].
Take of Citric Acid four parts,....   4
Distilled Water one hundred and ninety parts.. 190
Introduce them into a bottle, which should be nearly
filled, dissolve by agitation, and add gradually of
Pure Crystallized Carbonate of Sodium nine
parts......    9
As soon as it is dissolved by agitation, close the bottle.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.




209
Pulpa Tamarindorum cruda.
[CRUDE TAMARIND PULP].          Rohes Tamarindenmus.
[Tamarind]. Tamarindi. Fructus Tamarindorum.
Tamarindus Indica.inn.
The pods of the East India Tamarind afford, after the
removal of the external cortical shell (exocarp), and bruised,
a fleshy, tough, brownish-black pulp, containing the papery
membranes of the cells, and bundles of fibres, and also the
hard, chestnut-brown seeds. Tamarind pulp has a vinous
odor, and an agreeable, acid, and feeble astringent taste.
Egyptian Tamarind pulp should be rejected. It consists
of black, hard, lenticular masses, about fifteen centimetres
wide, as also the pulp, which has been mixed with tartaric
acid, and often made with water, into a soft, black mass;
frequently mouldy, and of a very sour taste. The soft, yellowish-brown pulp of West India Tamarind, frequently in a
state of fermentation, should also be rejected.
A piece of bright iron, left in contact with the pulp for
some time, should not exhibit a deposit of copper.
Pulpa Tamarinda depurata.
[PREPARED  TAMARIND PULP].    Gereinigtes Tamarindenmus.
Mix equal parts of Crude Tamarind Pulp, and Hot
Water, and set them aside, stirring frequently, until the
mass assumes a uniform consistence.
Then pass the pulp through a hair-sieve, by means of
a wooden spatula, and evaporate it in a porcelain vessel,
with a steam-bath, to the consistence of thick extract.
Afterwards, mix with each six parts,....   6
of the pulp, while still warm,
White Sugar, powdered, one part...   1
It has a blackish-brown color, and an agreeable sour taste.
It should be preserved in a cool and dry place. Care should
be taken that it is not contaminated with copper, which may
be detected with a polished iron blade.
18*




210
Pulvis aerophorus.
[EFFERVESCING POWDER].                    Brausepulver.
Take of Bicarbonate of Sodium ten parts,...  10
Tartaric Acid nine parts,.....   9
White Sugar nineteen parts....  19
Convert each ingredient separately into very fine powder,
then dry, and mix them.
The powder should be preserved in well-closed vessels, or
be prepared when called for.
It should be quite dry, and effervesce strongly when thrown
into water.
Pulvis aerophorus Anglicus.
[SODA POWDERS].                Englisches Brausepulver.
Soda-Powder.
Take of Bicarbonate of Sodium, powdered, two grammes.   2
Dispense it in blue or red paper.
Take of Tartaric Acid one and a half grammes...  1
Dispense it in white paper.
Pulvis aerophorus laxans.
[APERIENT EFFERVESCING POWDERS].           Abfiihrendes
Brausepulver.
[Seidlitz Powders]. Seidlitzpulver. PuZvis aerophorus Seidlitzensis.
Take of Tartrate of Potassium and Sodium, powdered,
seven and a half grammes,....  7
Bicarbonate of Sodium, powdered, two and a
half grammes.                               2~
Mix them.
Dispense separately with the above
Tartaric Acid, powdered, two grammes...   2
REMARK.-This formula is intended for one dose.




211
Pulvis aromaticus.
[AROMATIC POWDER].                 Aromatisches Pulver.
Take of Cassia Bark, powdered, five parts,...   5
Small Cardamoms, powdered, three parts,. 3
Ginger, powdered, two parts....   2
Mix intimately.
Pulvis arsenicalis Cosmi.
[ARSENICAL POWDER OF COME].          Cosmisches Pulver.
Take of Red Sulphuret of Mercury one hundred and
twenty parts,.                            120
Animal Charcoal eight parts,....   8
Dragon's Blood twelve parts,....  12
Arsenious Acid forty parts....  40
Mix intimately, so as to form a powder.
It should be very cautiously preserved.
Pulvis gummosus.
[COMPOUND POWDER OF GUM ARABIC].    Gummipulver.
Take of Gum Arabic, powdered, three parts,...   3
Liquorice Root, powdered, two parts,..   2
White Sugar, powdered, one part...   1
Mix them.
Pulvis Ipecacuanhae opiatus.
[COMPOUND POWDER OF IPECACUANHA].    Dower'sches
Pulver.
[Dover's Powder]. Pulvis Dowers.
Take of Sulphate of Potassium, powdered, eight parts,.   8
Opium, powdered,......   1
Ipecacuanha, powdered, each, one part...
Mix them intimately together.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
REMARK.- Ten parts contain one part of opium.




212
Pulvis ad Limonadam.
[LEMONADE POWDER].                     Limonadenpulver.
Pulvis refrigerans Ph. Badensis.
Take of White Sugar, powdered, one hundred and twenty
grammes,....... 120
Citric Acid, powdered, ten grammes,..  10
Oil of Lemon one drop.
Mix them intimately together.
The powder is only prepared when wanted for dispensing.
Pulvis Liquiritiae compositus.
[PECTORAL POWDER].                           Brustpulver.
Pulvis Glycyrrhizae compositus. Pulvis pectoralis Kurefll.
Take of Senna, powdered,......   2
Liquorice Root, powdered, each, two parts,. 2
Fennel Seed, powdered,.....   1
Washed Sulphur, each, one part,... 1
White Sugar, powdered, six parts...   6
Mix them.
Pulvis Magnesiae cum Rheo.
[MAGNESIA AND RHUBARB].                    Kinderpulver.
[Infant Powder]. Pulvis infantum. Puluis antacidus.
Take of Carbonate of Magnesium sixty parts,..  60
Oleosaccharate of Fennel* forty parts,..  40
Rhubarb, powdered, fifteen parts...  15
Mix them.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
* See Elseosacchara, page 67.




213
Pulvis temperans.
[REFRIGERANT POWDER].        Niederschlageudes Pulver.
Pulvis refrigerans Ph. Gtermanice.
Take of Nitrate of Potassium, powdered, one part,.   1
Bitartrate of Potassium, powdered, three parts,   3
White Sugar, powdered, six parts....   6
Mix them.
Radix Alkannae.
[ALKANET ROOT].                        Alkannawurzel.
Alkanna tinctoria Tausch.
The root is subcylindrical, nearly simple, with numerous
heads (crowns), and about one and a half centimetres in
thickness. It has a dark purple, soft, light bark, which
readily separates in laminis, and imparts a red color to the
saliva, and a purple color to alcohol, the fixed and some essential oils, and the cerates, but not to water. The ligneous portion is hard, whitish, and is often fissured radially.
The drug, when consisting principally of the bark, is to be
preferred; the root destitute of the bark should be rejected.
Radix Althaeae.
[MARSHMALLOW ROOT].                      Altheewurzel.
Eibischwurzel.
Althaea officinalis Linn.
The root is long, about the thickness of a finger, white
when deprived of its outer bark. The liber is rather thick,
strongly fibrous and flexible. The ligneous portion is fleshy;
brittle and farinaceous when dry. It has a somewhat sweet,
and very mucilaginous taste.
The root of the plant, either growing wild or cultivated,
may be taken up in the beginning of the spring, or in autumn,
and should be separated from the root-stock, woody and
decayed parts, deprived of the outer cortical portion, and
quickly dried.




214
Radix Angelicae.
[GARDEN-ANGELICA ROOT].                     Engelwurzel.
Radix Archangelicac.
Archangelica offieinalis Hoffmann.
The roots are long, from four to six millimetres in thickness, soft, furrowed, issuing from a rather thick, upright rootstock (caudex), which is about eight centimetres in length,
somewhat spongy, and exhibiting close, slightly elevated
rings towards the upper part. The bark of the root is rather
thick, of a grayish-brown color externally, white within, and
provided with numerous yellow, shining receptacles, filled
with balsamic matter, the vessels being much broader than
their pores. The ligneous portion is yellowish, and radially
marked. The root produces a burning sensation in the
mouth when chewed, with a sweetish taste at first, afterwards
bitter. It has a strong odor.
Worm-eaten roots should be rejected. The root of Angelica
silvestris Linn., must not be substituted; it is smaller, thinner,
having fewer and much smaller balsamic receptacles.
The root of the second year's growth should be gathered
in the spring, and should be well dried, and preserved in
well-closed vessels.
Radix Arnicae.
[ARNICA ROOT].                            Arnikawurzel.
Wohlverleihwurzel.
Arnica montana XLnn.
The root-stock (rhizome) is horizontal or oblique, varying
in length; about three millimetres in thickness. It is hard,
contorted, premorse (ending abruptly), having obscure rings,
a rough, brown surface, and being furnished with rootlets.
Its bark is rather thick, white within, surrounding with its
balsamic ducts the yellowish, radially marked, ligneous portion, which is provided with a large and whitish pith. The
rootlets are rather long, and about one millimetre in thickness, hard, brittle; externally brown, whitish internally, and
their bark is provided with balsamic ducts.
The root, when chewed, causes an acrid, burning sensation
in the mouth; has a bitterish taste, and a strong, peculiar odor.
The root is to be collected in the spring or autumn, and
should not be confounded with the roots of Achyrophorus
maculatus, Hieracia, Betonica and Fragaria, in which the balsamic ducts are wanting; neither with the roots of Virgaurea
and Eupatorium, which have a thicker root-stock.




215
Radix Artemisiae.
[MUGWORT ROOT].                          Beifusswurzel.
Artemisia vulgaris Linn.
The roots are rather long, about two millimetres in thickness, contorted, somewhat branched and furrowed; their
color is externally of a light-brown. and white within; issuing
from all sides of a perpendicular, cylindrical, woody root-stock,
which is about two and a half centimetres in thickness. The
transverse section of the roots exhibits an interrupted ring
of-brownish-red balsamic ducts, arranged around the central
ligneous portion.
The roots should be gathered in the spring or autumn,
separated from the root-stock, and from the decayed portion,
but should not be washed. They are to be dried immediately,
and preserved in a well-closed vessel, and be renewed once a
year. In preparing the powder from the recently dried
roots, the central ligneous portion should be rejected.
The powder should also be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Radix Asari.
[ASARABACCA].                             Haselwurzel.
Rhizoma Asari,
Asarum Europmeum linn.
The root-stock is obtusely-quadrangular, elongated, about
two millimetres in thickness, remotely jointed, somewhat
dichotomously branched; branches single-jointed. It has a
grayish-brown color. A dark-brown ring divides the thickish
bark from the radiated, thin, brownish, ligneous portion,
which incloses a large, farinaceous pith. The taste, when
chewed, is burning and pepper-like. The odor is camphorous.
Before dispensing, the root should be separated from both
the kidney-shaped, petiolated leaves, which generally remain
attached to the commercial drug.




216
Radix Bardanae.
[BURDOCK ROOT].                           Klettenwurzel.
Lappa offliienalis Allione, and of other species of Lappa.
The root is nearly simple, long, as thick as a finger, wrinkled, and of a grayish-brown color externally, pale-brown internally. It has a thickish bark, which is furnished frequently,
within, with minute, tomentose, lacunal, whitish cavities. The
ligneous portion is radiated, inclosing a thin, lacerated, snowwhite pith. The root, when chewed, is mucilaginous and
sweetish, afterwards somewhat bitter. Its odor is rather
feeble.
The root of the first vear's growth should be gathered in
autumn, and that of the second year's in spring, and should
be preserved in a dry place. It occurs generally cut lengthwise.
Radix Belladonnae.
[BELLADONNA ROOT].                    Belladonnawurzel.
Atropa Belladonna Linn.
The root is long, about four centimetres thick, provided
with long simple branches; fleshy when fresh, and farinaceous
when dry; longitudinally striped and wrinkled, and of a yellowish-gray color externally, and whitish internally; provided
with closely-situated, yellowish, porous, woody bundles (fascicles), which are more scattered toward the centre, and are
arranged in a circle around the root. It has a powdery
fracture.
The root may be gathered, either in the spring or autumn,
from the not too old, wild-growing plant, but it must not be
scraped. The root occurs frequently sliced lengthwise. Roots
that are woody, tough, dark-colored, mouldy, or worm-eaten,
should be rejected.
It should be cautiously preserved, and not kept longer than
a year.




217
Radix Carlinae.
[CARLINE THISTLE].                         Eberwurzel.
Carlina acaulis Linn.
The root is long, about two and a half centimetres thick,
nearly simple, and often many-headed; furrowed longitudinally, and of a brown color externally; very frequently split
lengthwise to the centre, and the woody portion laid open,
which is netted-wavy, and internally of a rather pale color.
The somewhat thin bark, and the fleshy wood, are radiated
and furnished with brownish-red resiniferous ducts. The
roQt has a burning, bitter taste, and a disagreeable odor.
It should be collected in the autumn.
Radix Colombo.
[COLUMBO].                             Kolombowurzel.
[Calumba Root]. Radix Columbo.
Jateorrhiza Calumba Miers, (Cocculus palmatus Wallich).
In nearly circular segments, three to four centimetres in
diameter, and from four to twelve millimetres in thickness,
wrinkled and grayish-brown externally; farinaceous, and of a
greenish- or brownish-yellow color internally. The segments
are concave on both sides, inside of the broad elevated margins, or raised again around the centre. A dark-colored ring,
traversed by numerous radial lines, divides the raised margin.
From the concave surfaces emerge scattered woody bundles
(fascicles). The root has a very mucilaginous, and a very
bitter taste. It is colored blue when sprinkled with solution
of iodine.
19




218
Radix Gentianae.
[GENTIAN ROOT].                           Enzianwurzel.
Gentiana lutea Linn.
A very long, somewhat branched root, two and a half centimetres or more in thickness; the heads (crowns) are short
and numerous. The root occurs generally split longitudinally; the pieces are furrowed lengthwise, and marked with
close, transverse wrinkles at the upper portion.  Externally the root is yellowish, or reddish-brown, and internally
it is of a reddish, or orange-brown color. It is brittle when
dry, often spongy and porous, and has an uneven fracture.
The cortical portion is thin, and separated from the thick,
fleshy, ligneous portion by a dark-colored ring. It has a very
bitter, persistent taste. The root of other species of Gentian,
about as thick as a finger, rigid, externally more of a grayishbrown color, but otherwise very similar to the genuine root,
need not be rejected; but care must be taken against the
admixture of the root of White Hellebore (Veratrum).
The root should be gathered in the spring.
Radix Helenii.
[ELECAMPANE].                               Alantwurzel.
Radix Elnule.
Inula Helenium Jinn.
It occurs in commerce in long slices of the main root, about
four centimetres in breadth, together with the cylindrical,
thinner, decorticated branches, sometimes also split longitudinally; of a yellowish, or brownish-white color. It has a
bitter taste, and a peculiar odor. The dried root is hard and
brittle, but is tough when moist. It is furnished internally
with numerous small, shining oil-receptacles. The somewhat
thick bark is separated by a dark-colored ring from the fleshy,
ligneous portion, which contains narrow, lemon-yellow, fascicled vessels, and broad medullary rays. The pith in the
main root is rather broad (large), but it is wanting in the
branches.
The root may be gathered either in the spring or autumn.




219
Radix Hellebori viridis.
[EUROPEAN GREEN HELLEBORE].          Grine Nieswurzel.
Helleborus viridis Linn.
The rhizome (root-stock) is closely beset with rootlets, and
is branched towards the top. The branches are ascending,
nearly spindle-shaped, annulated, and about four centimetres
long, and four millimetres thick, showing on a transverse
section, a rather thick bark, and a somewhat large pith, with
broad, inwardly-truncated bundles of woody fibres (fascicles),
which are somewhat separated, and arranged in an interrupted ring. The rootlets are close together, about ten centimetres long, and one and a half millimetres in thickness.
They are brittle, externally, as well as the rhizome, brownishblack, and internally mostly of a dirty-white.
The root should not be confounded with the root of Helleborus niger L., Adonis vernalis L., Actcea spicata L. The pedate,
herbaceous, unequally and sharply-serrated leaves, remaining
attached to the rhizome, should be removed before dispensing.
The root of Helleborus niger is characterized by the branches
of the root-stock exhibiting, on a transverse section, narrow,
wedge-shaped bundles of woody fibres, and by being furnished
with rootlets of a foot in length, and about three millimetres
in thickness, and having a dark-brown color: the root of Adonis
by a nearly simple and almost conical rhizome, beset very
closely all around with rootlets. The root of Actcea is known
by its spreading-branched rhizome, and long, tough rootlets.
The root should be gathered in early spring, before the
plant begins to blossom, or in the autumn.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Radix Ipecacuanhae.
[IPECACUANHA].                            Brechwurzel.
Cephaelis Ipecacuanha Willdenow.
The root is contorted, from two to four millimetres in thickness, tapering towards both ends. It has a knotty appearance
in consequence of incomplete, puffed, closely-situated rings.
The cortical portion is thick, horny; externally varying in
color from a dark to a light-brown; internally brownish,
without radial marks, and easily separable from the whitish,
thin, ligneous portion.
It should be cautiously preserved.
In preparing the powder, the ligneous portion, constituting
about one-fourth the weight of the root, must be rejected.




220
Radix Levistici.
[LoVAGE ROOT].                        Liebstockelwurzel.
Levisticum officinale Koch.
A rather long root, about four centimetres in thickness.
It is soft, slightly branched; externally marked with transverse wrinkles; furrowed longitudinally, and of a yellowishbrown color; internally of a pale-yellow color. The cortical
portion is rather thick, lacunose, and provided with orangecolored balsamic ducts, which are arranged in a scattered,
nearly concentric manner. The ligneous portion is dense
and soft. Its odor is peculiar, and its taste disagreeably
sweetish and burning.
Radix Liquiritiae glabrae.
[LIQUORICE ROOT].                   Spanisches Siissholz.
[Spanish Liquorice Root]. Radic Glycyrrhizce Htispanica.
Glycyrrhiza glabra LJinn.
A very long, nearly simple root, about two centimetres in
thickness. It is heavy, externally of a brownish-gray color,
-and longitudinally furrowed; internally of a deep-yellow color.
The bark is rather thick, the inner portion of which, as well
as the hard, coarsely and rigidly-fibrous, dense wood, is
marked on the transverse section with linear, medullary rays.
The root has a sweet, and slightly acrid taste.
Spanish Liquorice Root should not be used for the preparation of powder; for that purpose only the Decorticated Root
(Radix Liquiritice mundata), should be selected.
Radix Liquiritiae mundata.
[DECORTICATED OR PEELED LIQUORICE ROOT]. Siissholzwurzel.
[Russian -Liquorlce Root]. Radix Liquiritice Russica. Radio
Glycyrrhizwe echinatce.
Glycyrrhiza echinata Linn.
A long root, about four centimetres in thickness, being
decorticated, and mostly separated from the large root-stock
(corm). It has a yellow color. The liber is rather thin; the
ligneous portion is thick, light, fissured radially, and has a
very fibrous fracture. It has a very sweet taste.




221
Radix Ononidis.
[REST-HARROW ROOT].                  Hauhechelwurzel.
Ohonis spinosa Linn.
A very long, tough and flexible root, about as thick as a
finger, deeply furrowed longitudinally; many-headed; heads
frequently rather long. The cortical portion is very thin,
and externally of a deep-brown color. The ligneous portion
is hard, whitish, and fibrous; the transverse section shows
eccentric, rather plain, irregular, fan-like rays. It has a
sweetish-bitter and burning taste.
The root may be gathered either in the spring or autumn.
It occurs in commerce generally in longitudinal slices.
Radix Pimpinella.
[BURNET SAXTFRAGE AND GREAT PIMPINEL]. Pimpinellwurzel.
Pimpinella Saxlfraga et Pimpinella magna Linn.
A rather long root, often many-headed, from the thickness
of a quill to that of the little finger, mostly simple and
straight. It is furrowed longitudinally, warty, and at the
upper part marked with transverse wrinkles.  It has a
brown-yellowish color. The cortical portion is thick, and
internally either snow-white or yellowish. When snow-white,
it is traversed by narrow, yellowish rays, containing small,
brownish-red, resiniferous ducts; when yellowish, the transverse section exhibits brownish rays, which are confluent
around the lemon-yellow, radiated, woody portion, forming a
brown ring. The root has a sweet but hot taste when
chewed, and a hircine odor.
The roots should be gathered in the beginning of spring,
or in the latter part of autumn, from the plants designated
above.
The root of the black variety of Burnet Saxifrage (Pimpinella Saxifraga varietas nigra), may also be employed. It is
externally black, or brownish.black, and the bark internally
is marked with gray or bluish rays. But it must not be confounded with the root of Mountain Parsley (Peucedanum Oreoselinum Moench), the ligneous portion of which consists of an
interrupted woody rinlg, composed of numerous wedge-shaped,
19*




222
vascular bundles, arranged in a radial manner; nor with the
root of Cow-parsnip or Bear's-claw (Heracleum Sphondylium
L.), which is paler, more spongy, and lacunose, and furnished
with fewer resiniferous ducts, and frequently consists of
strong, branched, uneven crowns (rhizomes), beset with rootlets.
Radix Pyrethri.
[PELLITORY ROOT].                       Bertramwurzel.
Radix Pyrethri Germanica.
Anacyclus officinarum Hayne.
A long, simple, brittle root, about four millimetres in thickness, externally grayish-brown, and wrinkled longitudinally;
internally of a lighter shade. The bark is rather thick, furnished with a ring of balsamic ducts, and the woody portion
presents a radiated structure. When chewed, the root has a
burning taste, and causes a copious flow of saliva.
The root must be separated, before dispensing, from the
adherent branches and leaves. The root of Italian Pellitory
(Pyrethrum Italicum), about the thickness of a finger, and
which is often deteriorated by age, and worm-eaten, should
be rejected.
Radix Ratanhae.
[RHATANY ROOT].                          Ratanhawurzel.
Krameria triandra Ruiz et Pavon.
A woody root, with a rather thick trunk, many-headed at
the top, and branched below. The branches are long, about
one and a half centimetres thick, cylindrical, divaricate, and
sometimes occur without the main trunk. The bark is thin,
cinnamon-colored, and has a slightly fibrous fracture, and a
very astringent, bitterish taste; the woody portion is somewhat paler, almost tasteless, very finely radiated, porous, and
at least six times thicker than the bark.
The Rhatany brought from Peru, in its entire state, and
not that which is partly decorticated, should alone be employed. The root imported from Grenada, or from Texas
and Brazil, all of which have a thicker bark, should be
rejected.




223
Radix Rhei.
[RHUBARB].                                  Rhabarber.
Undetermined species of Chinese Rhubarb.
Consisting of pieces (segments) of various forms; hard, completely peeled or trimmed, frequently perforated, breaking
with an uneven surface, externally yellow, and generally
covered with a powder. They are internally marbled, with
alternating white and red lines, radiately disposed, but variously winding, and intersecting each other. The root is
gritty between the teeth when chewed, and imparts a yellow
color to the saliva. It has a peculiar odor and Taste. The
dark-brown, spongy, worm-eaten, and mouldy rhubarb, should
be rejected.
The root is imported from China, either overland, by way
of Moscow, and is then called Russian, or Moscow Rhubarb;
or by sea, via Canton, and is then known as Chinese, or East
India Rhubarb.
The Russian drug-formerly very highly prized, but not
so much valued at present-is distinguished from the Chinese
by its darker color, lighter weight, and by the very numerous
whitish and red figures, radially arranged on the transverse
section.
The following kinds of Rhubarb, cultivated in Europe,
should not be employed: that which is known as Austrian
Rhubarb, presenting on the cross section alternating red and
white radial lines, which are straight; and the so-called
English Rhubarb, which is furnished, only towards the circumference, with distinct radial lines, and is marked towards the
centre with white and red spots, being without radial figures.
Powdered Rhubarb should be preserved in well-closed
vessels.
Radix Saponariae.
[SOAPWORT].                               Seifenwurzel.
Saponaria offieinalis Linn.
The root is rather long, terete, gradually tapering, about the
thickness of a goose-quill and. upwards, wrinkled lengthwise,
and furnished with the remains of a stem, which is provided
with protuberant nodes. The bark is externally brownishred, internally white, and separated by a dark-colored ring
from the ligneous portion, which is not radiated, of a pale
lemon-yellow color, whitish and medullary in the middle.




224
The root is acrid when chewed, producing a foam in the
mouth, and has at first a sweetish taste, afterwards somewhat
bitter.
The root may be gathered in the spring or autumn.
Radix Sarsaparillae.
[SARSAPARILLA].                            Sassaparille.
Radix Sassaparillce vel Salsaparillae.
Smilax mredica Schlechtendal, and of other species of Smilax.
The roots are very long, about six millimetres in thickness,
striped externally, and of a grayish-brown or brownish-red
color, consisting of a middle bark (mesophlceum), which is
solid, rather thick, either mealy and white, or horny and
brownish; of a closed woody ring, and a white mealy pith;
not furnished with complete medullary rays. The corm (rhizome), from which the secondary roots spring, frequently
accompanies them in the commercial drug, but should be
separated before dispensing.
The Mexican Sarsaparilla, which is deeply furrowed, and
has a shriveled and thin middle bark, and a rather thick
woody body, should be rejected, as well as all the lacerated,
lean, or such as have a strawy appearance.
Radix Scammoniae.
[SCAMMONY ROOT].                     Scammnoniawurzel.
Convolvulus Seammonia Linn.
A very long, cylindrical, often many-headed root, about
two centimetres in thickness, longitudinally ribbed, and of a
brown color externally; paler within, and furnished with
resinous specks. The bark is thin, and the woody portion
consists, as shown on a cross section, of scattered but close
porous woody parts, radially arranged, and separated by the
cellular tissue.
It should not be confounded with Turpeth Root (Convolvulus Turpethunm), which exhibits, on a cross section, separated
woody cylinders, of various thicknesses, around the radiated
porous wood, inside the thick bark.




225
Radix Senegae.
[SENEKA ROOT].                            Senegawurzel.
Polygala Senega Linn.
A subcylindrical root, tuberculous at the top (basis), about
six millimetres in thickness, gradually tapering towards the
lower extremity; somewhat branched and twisted; provided
with a sharp, keel-shaped process on the concave side of the
root, but is knobby on the other side. It has a yellowish
or grayish-brown color. The cortical portion is rather thick,
yellowish within. The woody part is yellow, and, on the
opposite side to the one keeled, it is flat or concave. The
root has a feeble odor, and when chewed produces an adrid
sensation in- the fauces.
Radix Serpentariae.
[SERPENTARIA].            Virginische Schlangenwurzel.
[Virginia Snakeroot].
Aristolochia Serpentaria Linn.
It consists of a horizontal, contorted, somewhat flattened
root-stock (rhizome), two to three millimetres in thickness,
furnished along the upper side with the short and thin remnants of the stems, on the lower side with numerous very
thin, brittle, pale-brown rootlets, about eight centimetres in
length. The woody portion of the rhizome is thicker on the
lower than on the upper side, and unequally radiated. The
wood of the rootlets is four- or five-angled. Serpentaria has
a bitter taste, and when rubbed a camphorous odor.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Radix Taraxaci.
[DANDELION ROOT].                    L6wenzahnwurzel.
Taraxaeum officinale Weber.
The dried root; about thirty centimetres in length, and at the
top (basis) about two and a half centimetres in thickness. It
is cylindrical, tapering gradually toward the lower extremity;
generally with numerous heads, and not much branched. It
is furrowed longitudinally, and has externally almost a blackish-brown color. The bark is thick; white internally, and
spongy; presenting on the transverse section numerous concentric rings. The woody portion is porous, and of a lemonyellow color. It has a bitter taste.
The root should be collected in the autumn.




226
Radix Taraxaci cum herba.
[ROOT AND HERB OF DANDELION]. LMwenzahnwurzel mit
dem Kraute.
The fresh plant, gathered in the spring; it gives out a
milky juice when wounded. The root is somewhat fleshy, of
a more or less pale or blackish-brown color externally. The
leaves are arranged in the form of a rosette (rosulate); they
are runcinate, denticulate, nearly smooth. It has a sweetishbitter taste.
It is used for the preparation of extract.
Radix Valerianae.
[VALERIAN ROOT].                               Baldrian.
Radix Valeriane nminoris vel montance.
Valeriana oficinalis Linn.
The root-stock (corm), about four centimetres long, and
two and a half centimetres thick-sometimes provided with
stolons-is beset all around with very numerous, long, terete,
striated rootlets, about two millimetres in thickness, white
when fresh, and grayish-brown when dried. Their cortical
portion is brownish within, and the woody part is thin, and
of a somewhat lighter shade. Valerian is acrid, and bitter
when chewed, and has a strong, peculiar odor.
It should be gathered in the autumn, dried, and preserved
in closed vessels.
Resina Draconis.
[DRAGON's BLOOD].                          Drachenblut.
Sanguis Draconis.
Dmmonorops Draco BZlume.
A brownish-red, opaque, brittle, inodorous, and insipid resin,
affording a powder of a cinnabar color. Completely soluble
in alcohol, but only partially soluble in ether, and the fixed
and essential oils. It occurs in sticks of scarcely the thickness of a finger, covered with palm leaves, or comes in the
form of cakes.




227
Resina Guajaci.
[GUAIAC].                                    Guajakharz.
[Guaiacum Resin].
Guajacum officinale Linn.
Guaiac occurs in globular pieces, from the size of a hazelnut to that of a walnut, or in irregular masses; covered on
the outside with a greenish powder. It is friable, and has a
yellowish-green, or nearly a chestnut-brown, and glassy fracture. It has a peculiar but rather feeble odor. It is colored
green or blue by oxidizing agents. Soluble in alcohol, and
in solution of caustic potassa.
Resina Jalapae.
[RESIN OF JALAP].                           Jalapenharz.
Take of Jalap Root, coarsely powdered, one part...   1
Pour upon it
Alcohol four parts,......   4
and digest for twenty-four hours. Express when cold, and
pour upon the residue two parts of Alcohol, and operate as
before. Distill off the alcohol from the mixed and filtered
tinctures by means of a steam-bath, and wash the resin with
common hot water until the water runs off nearly colorless.
Then heat the resin, by means of a steam-bath, until a small
sample is found to be brittle, and readily pulverizable when
cold. Afterwards form the resin into small rolls.
It has a shining fracture, is friable, and of a yellowishbrown color; completely soluble in alcohol. Ether dissolves
only a small part of it.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Resini Pini.
[BURGUNDY PITCH].                           Fichtenharz.
Resina Pini Burgundica. Pix alba.
From various species of Abies.
A yellow or yellowish-brown, opaque or translucent resin,
having a shining fracture. It softens by the heat of the
hand; has a terebinthinate odor, and is nearly wholly soluble
in alcohol.




228
Resina Scammonie.
[RESIN OF SCAMMONY].                   Scammoniaharz.
It is prepared from Scammony Root, like Resin of Jalap.
It has a greenish-brown color, a shining fracture, and dissolves completely in alcohol.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Rhizoma Calami.
[CALAMUS].                              Kalmuswurzel.
[Sweet Flag]. Radix Calami.
Acorns Calamus Linn.
A subeylindrical, flattened rhizome, about two and half
centimetres in breadth. Externally of a greenish, reddish,
or brownish color; rather closely annulated, and marked with
scars on the under surface, where the rootlets have been cut
off. It is whitish internally, and has a spongy structure,
owing to its very numerous air-passages. It has a strong,
peculiar odor, and a bitter taste. The peeled rhizome only
should be used for medicinal purposes.
It should be gathered in the latter part of autumn.
Rhizoma Caricis.
[SEA SEDGE].                            Rothe Quecke.
Sandriedgraswurzel. Radix Carieis.
Carex arenaria Linn.
A very long, subeylindrical, somewhat flattened rhizome,
about three millimetres thick; branched, and of a pale grayish-brown oolor, with remote nodes, at which only it is provided with lacerated, sheathing scales, and rootlets. The
rhizome is filled with a white pith, and a dark-colored ring
separates the bark (interrupted by the broad and circularlyarranged gaps), from the woody portion, which consists of
dense woody bundles scattered through a scanty white cellular tissue. It causes a slight acridity in the fauces when
chewed, and has a sweetish taste at first, afterwards somewhat bitter.
It should not be confounded with the rhizome of Carex
hirta Linn., which is reddish-brown externally, and provided
with rootlets between the nodes, and has a tough, white bark.
It should be gathered in the spring.




229
Rhizoma Chinae.
[CHINA ROOT].                             Chinawurzel.
Radix Chinae.
Smilax China Linn.
The rhizomes are of various sizes and shapes, mostly oblong
and curved, about twenty centimetres in length, and five centimetres in thickness; heavy and compact, freed from the
rootlets, and partly from the outer bark. Externally of a
reddish-brown, and internally of a reddish-white color, dotted
with dark-colored specks, and provided with an abundance
of starch. The root is mucilaginous when chewed, and has
a somewhat harsh, but sweetish taste.
The light, spongy, as well as the paler rhizomes, should be
rejected. Care should be taken that they are not contaminated with litharge, which is used to fill the perforations
produced by worms.
Rhizoma Curcumae.
[TURMERIC].                                  Kurkuma.
Radix Curcume.
Curcuma longa Linn., et Curcuma viridifiora Roxburgh.
The rhizomes are either oval, of the size of a walnut (round
Turmeric), or cylindrical, and about fourteen millimetres in
thickness (long Turmeric). They are compact, heavy, somewhat horny; externally yellowish-brown, more or less annulated; on the transverse fracture fiattish, orange-yellow, and
provided with a darkish ring. They have a feeble ginger-like
odor, and a burning, somewhat bitter taste when chewed,
coloring the saliva yellow. A solution of the coloring matter
has a bright-yellow color, which is changed to a brown by
the alkalies, and also by boracic acid.
20




230
Rhizoma Filicis.
[MALE FERN].                           Wurmfarnwurzel.
Radix,Filicis maris.
Polystichum Filix mas Roth.
The rhizomes vary in length, and are about two and a half
centimetres thick. They are fleshy when fresh; light, spongy,
and internally of a green color, inclining to a cinnamon shade
when dry; furnished with rather large, vascular bundles (fascicles), interruptedly arranged in a ring. The rhizomes are
closely enveloped on their whole outer surface by the residue,
or base of the footstalks (of the fronds), and numerous brown,
chaff-like scales. The former arise obliquely, and point in
one direction, are angular, fleshy, dark-brown externally,
and green internally; these, together with the scales, characterize them from other similar-looking rhizomes. Their
taste is sweetish-bitter, and their odor peculiar, and somewhat nauseous.
The rhizomes should be collected in the autumn, and not
kept over a year.
The rhizomes, previous to the preparation of the powder,
must be freed from the residual footstalks, scales, and rootlets, and, including the peeled footstalks, carefully dried, and
the green powder preserved in well-closed vessels. Powder
of a cinnamon-brown color must be rejected.
Rhizoma Galangae.
[GALANGAL ROOT].                                Galgant.
Radix Galangce.
Alpinia officinarum Fletcher Hance.
The rhizome is as thick as a finger, about five centimetres
long, cylindrical, short, somewhat branched, often geniculate;
striated longitudinally; externally of a reddish-brown color,
and marked with whitish, circular rings. Internally of a
cinnamon color, and marked with a brown circle; it is very
fibrous. It caiJses burning in the mouth when chewed, and
has a somewhat bitter taste, and a peculiar odor.




231
Rhizoma Graminis.
[COUCH-GRASS ROOT].                     Queckenwurzel.
[Quickens]. Radixa Graminis.
Agropyrum repens Beauvois.
A very long rhizome, about two millimetres in thickness,
branched, hollow, cylindrical, and remotely jointed. It is
furnished with radicels and scales only at the joints (nodes).
It has a pale straw-color, and a sweet taste. Most of the
cut roots occurring in commerce may be employed.
It should be gathered in the spring.
Rhizoma Imperatoriae.
[MASTERWORT].                            Meisterwurzel.
Radix Imperatoriae.
Imperatoria Ostruthium Linn.
An elongated rhizome, nearly cylindrical, branched above,
swollen and flattened, about two centimetres in breadth.
Externally of a grayish-brown color, annulated, warty; internally fleshy, and of a pale lemon-yellow, with a thin woody
portion. The bark and the broad pith are provided with
large balsamiferous receptacles. It has a strong odor, and a
bitter, burning taste.
The root may be gathered in the spring or autumn.
Rhizoma Iridis.
[FLORENTINE ORRIS].                     Veilchenwurzel.
[Orris Root]. Radix Iridis Florentinca.
Iris Florentina Linn.
Decorticated, somewhat flattened, solid, hard, and jointed
rhizomes, of various lengths, nearly four centimetres in
breadth; marked with scars on the lower surface where the
rootlets have been cut off; they are often mixed with clubshaped branches. Orris root has a whitish color, and an odor
resembling that of the violet.




232
Rhizoma Tormentillae.
[TORMENTIL].                           Tormentillwurzel.
[Tormentilla Root]. Radix Tormentille.
Potentilla Tormnentilla Sibthorp.
The rhizome is knobby; its form is irregular, straight or
crooked, with numerous heads, about two and a'half centimetres in thickness, and eight centimetres in length; solid
and hard. Externally of a dark red-brown color, gibbous,
and marked with scars where the filiform rootlets have been
cut off. Its color internally is brownish-red. It has a thin
bark; is provided with a ring of whitish woody bundles, and
a large pith. Its taste is strongly astringent.
The root should be gathered in the spring.
Rhizoma Veratri.
[WHITE HELLEBORE ROOT].              Weisse Nieswurzel.
Radix Veratri albi. Radix Hellebori albi.
Veratrum album Linn.
The rhizome is conical, about eight centimetres in length;
at the upper part four to five centimetres in breadth, often
many-headed. At the top it is tufted, caused by the cut
edges of the leaves. It is externally of a blackish- or brownish-gray color, obscurely annulated, and marked with whitish
scars where the numerous rootlets have been cut off. It has
a dirty-white color internally, is hard, and exhibits a brown
ring under the bark. It has a burning taste, and when
rubbed excites very violent sneezing.
It should be cautiously preserved.




233
Rhizoma Zedoariae.
[ZEDOARY ROOT].                           Zittwerwurzel.
Radix Zedoarice.
Curcuma.Zedoaria Roscoe.
The root (corm) is oval, annulated, about two and a half
centimetres thick. The rootlets and outer bark are cut away,
and it is divided transversely, and sometimes longitudinally.
It is compact, tough, of a pale grayish-brown color, and provided with small, resiniferous glands. It causes burning in
the mouth when chewed, has a bitterish taste, and a strong
camphorous odor.
A light, worm-eaten article is to be rejected.
Rhizoma Zingiberis.
[GINGER].                                        Ingwer.
Radix Zingiberis.
Zingiber officinale Roscoe.
The rhizome is compact, heavy, two-ranked, and shortly
branched, flattened, and about two centimetres broad. Either
the entire surface is scraped, or only the two flat surfaces,
and not the edges. Internally of a pale yellowish or whitish
color, with a darker ring under the bark, and provided with
small, very numerous, resiniferous receptacles. It has a
somewhat fibrous fracture, and causes burning in the mouth
when chewed. It has a peculiar, aromatic odor.
Very white ginger, bleached with lime, sometimes occurring
in commerce, must not be employed.
Rotulae Menthae piperitae.
[TROCHES OF PEPPERMINT].             Pfefferminzkuchen.
[Peppermint Lozenges].
Take of Sugar Lozenges two hundred parts,... 200
Oil of Peppermint one part,....   1
Alcohol two parts.......   2
Pour the oil of peppermint and alcohol into a glass vessel,
and turn it around so that the inner surface becomes moistened with the mixture. Then introduce the sugar lozenges,
and shake them well around in the vessel to moisten them
completely.
They should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
20*




234
Saccharum.
[SUGAR].                                         Zucker.
Sugar should be very white and dry.
Saccharum Lactis.
[SUGAR OF MILK].                            Milchzucker.
In cylindrical masses, or in the form of crusts, which consist of whitish, translucent, prismatic crystals, without odor.
They have a sweetish taste, and are gritty between the teeth;
soluble in six parts of cold water, but insoluble in alcohol.
Sandaraca.
[SANDARACH].                                   Sandarak.
Resina Sandaraca.
Callitris quadrivalis Ventenat.
In longish, pale lemon-yellow, transparent grains (tears),
dusted with a whitish powder, breaking with a glassy surface,
and not becoming soft when chewed; of a bitterish taste.
When heated, sandarach diffuses an agreeable odor, melts
and inflames. It dissolves partly in cold alcohol, completely
so in hot alcohol, and in oil of turpentine.
Santoninum.
[SANTONIN].                                     Santonin.
Acidum santonicum.
In small, shining, inodorous, crystalline scales; scarcely
soluble in cold water, soluble in two hundred and fifty parts
of boiling water, forty-four parts of cold, and in three parts
of boiling alcohol, in seventy-five parts of cold, and two parts
of hot ether, also in three parts of chloroform, forming




235
neutral solutions. Santonin is nearly soluble in diluted acids,
but freely so in solution of caustic potassa or soda, or limewater. It is precipitated from the alkaline solutions by any
of the acids. When cautiously heated, it melts at a temperature of 170~ C., and, if allowed to cool slowly, forms a
crystalline mass, but if it cools rapidly, the mass will be
amorphous. When heated somewhat above the melting-point,
it is sublimed partly without decomposition. It forms, with
an alcoholic solution of caustic potassa, a scarlet liquid, which
gradually becomes colorless. It assumes a yellow color on
exposure to light.
It must be cautiously preserved and protected from the light.
Sapo domesticus.
[COMMON HARD SOAP].                           Hausseife.
It should be as white and hard as possible, and dissolve in
eight parts of boiling alcohol, which solution should form, on
cooling, a nearly translucent, gelatinous mass.
Sapo jalapinus.
[JALAP SOAP].                              Jalapenseife.
Take of Resin of Jalap,.......   4
Medicinal Soap, each, four parts,...   4
dissolve them in
Diluted Alcohol eight parts,....   8
and evaporate by means of a steam-bath, stirring constantly,
to the consistence of a pilular mass, or so that the whole shall
be nine parts by weight.
Jalap Soap has a brownish-gray color, and is soluble in
alcohol.




236
Sapo medicatus.
[MEDICINAL SOAP].                    Medicinische Seife.
Take of Solution of Caustic Soda sixty parts...  60
Pour it into a porcelain vessel, heat it by means of a
steam-bath, and stir constantly, while adding gradually
of
Provence Olive Oil one hundred parts.        100
Digest, stirring frequently, until a hard soap is formed.
Dissolve this soap in
Distilled Water three hundred parts,... 300
and add a solution of
Chloride of Sodium twenty-five parts,..  25
Distilled Water seventy-five parts....  75
Boil and stir until the soap has completely separated
from the liquid portion, and, when it has cooled, wash
it with Distilled Water. Dissolve it again in
Hot Distilled Water sixty parts,...  60
or sufficient to form a homogeneous mass, which pour, while
still warm, into a box lined with a wet linen cloth. Remove
the soap when cold, cut it into pieces, dry it in a moderately
warm place, and lastly, convert into powder.
It should form a white powder, without a rancid odor, and
be completely soluble in water, and in alcohol. The watery
solution should not be altered by hydrosulphuric acid.
Sapo oleaceus.
[CASTILE SOAP].                                 Oelseife.
Sapo Hispanicus. Sapo Venetus.
Castile Soap should be white, hard, not becoming moist
and tough when exposed to the air, and be free from rancidity. Completely soluble in alcohol, and in water.




237
Sapo terebinthinatus.
[TEREBINTHINATED SOAP].                 Terpenthinblseife.
Balsamum vitce externum.
Take of Castile Soap, powdered,.....   6
Oil of Turpentine, each, six parts,..   6
Purified Carbonate of Potassium, in very fine
powder, one part......   1
Mix them thoroughly, so as to form a mass of the consistence of an ointment.
It is white at first, changing to a yellowish color.
Sapo viridis.
[SOFT-SOAP].                                  Griine Seife.
Sapo kalinus. Sapo niger.
A lubricous, soft, yellowish-green mass, of a nauseous smell.
Saturationes.
[NEUTRAL MIXTURES].                          Saturationen.
When a Neutral Mixture (Saturation) is prescribed, without directions for its preparation, Solution of Citrate of Sodium
(Potio Riveri), is always dispensed.
When a Neutral Mixture is prescribed, for which the acid
and the alkaline base are especially given, it should be prepared like Solution of Citrate of Sodium (Potio Riveri).
Sebum.
[SUET OR TALLOW].                                     Talg.
Bos Taurus Linn. Ovis Aries Linn,
A solid, white, fatty substance, of a peculiar smell, melting
at a temperature of between 450 and 50~ C.
Rancid Suet should be rejected.




238
Secale cornutum.
[ERGOT].                                    Mutterkorn.
Claviceps purpurea Tulasne.
The grains of Ergot consist of the sterile beds (Stromata
sterilia) of fungus spores.  They are obtusely-triangular,
generally curved, tapering towards both ends, or sometimes
only towards the upper extremity, and are marked with
three furrows.  They have a violet-blackish color, often
covered by a bloom, paler internally, and not unfrequently
provided at the apex with a soft, dull-white appendage
(calyptra). The grains are about two and a half centimetres
long, and three millimetres broad. Their odor is nauseous.
Ergot should be collected only from the spikelets of rye
(Secale cereale Linn.), and in its dry state, preserved in wellclosed vessels, and, when possible, be renewed every year.
Worm-eaten, mouldy, rancid-and ergot which has an ammoniacal odor-should be rejected.
Semen Colchici.
[COLCHICUM SEEDS].                      Zeitlosensamen.
Colchicum autumnale Linn.
The fully ripe seeds of colchicum are subglobose, upwards
of two millimetres thick, and horny; externally dark-brown,
pitted, and, if not too old, somewhat glutinous; internally
of a pale-gray color. They have a very bitter, nauseous taste.
The seeds should be gathered in the beginning of summer,
cautiously preserved, but not kept longer than a year.
Semen CydoniEe.
[QUINCE SEEDS].                           Quittensamen.
Quittenkcorner.
Cydonia vulgaris Persoon.
Quince seeds are wedge-shaped, angular, or compressed,
about six millimetres in length, of a chestnut-brown color,
and covered with a whitish, opaque coat, abounding in mucilage; a number generally adhering together. They swell up
in water, and owing to their softened, mucilaginous coat, become lubricous. Thev should be free from the well-known
apple, pear, and grape seeds.




239
Semen Foeni Graeci.
[FENUGREEK SEEDS].                    Bockshornsamen.
Trigonella Feenum Graecum Linn.
Fenugreek seeds are very hard, nearly rhomboidal-fourcornered, obliquely truncated at both ends, yellowish-brown,
and about three millimetres in length, with hook-shaped embryo, and a strongly elevated radicle under the shell (testa).
They have a disagreeable, strongly melilot-like odor, and a
mucilaginous, bitter taste when chewed.
Semen Hyoscyami.
[HYoSCYAMUS SEEDS].                       Bilsensamen.
Hyoseyamus niger Linn.
Hyoscyamus seeds are very small, compressed, nearly kidney-shaped, finely pitted, and grayish-brown; internally
whitish, and have an oily, bitter taste.
The seeds should be perfectly ripe.
They are to be cautiously preserved, but not kept longer
than a year.
Semen Lini.
[FLAXSEED. LINSEED].                        Leinsamen.
Linum usitatissimum Linn.
The seeds are ovate, compressed, about four millimetres
long, of a chestnut-brown color, shining; when softened by
water, become lubricous. They have an oily, mucilaginous
taste. They should not be preserved longer than a year, and
be free from the seeds of Lolium arvensis Schrader.
The seeds of the plant cultivated in Germany should be
used in the preparation of flaxseed meal.




240
Semen Myristicae.
[NUTMEG].                                   Muskatnuss..Mlux moschata.
Miyristica fragrans Houttuyn.
The kernel is oval, about two and a half centimetres long,
reticulated externally, frequently dusted with a white powder. Internally it is pale-brown. The dark, orange-yellow
projecting ridges of the inner integument give it a marbled
appearance. It has an aromatic odor and taste.
Mouldy and worm-eaten nutmegs, as well as the oblong
and longer kernels of Myristica fatua Ioutt., which have a
weaker odor and tftste, should be rejected.
Semen Papaveris.
[POPPY SEEDS].                              Mohnsamen.
[Maw Seeds].
Papaver somniferum Linn.
Poppy seeds are kidney-shaped, reticulated-pitted, whitish,
and have a. sweetish, oily taste.
Old and rancid seeds should be rejected.
Semen Quercus tostum.
[ROASTED ACORNS].                          Eichelkaffee.
[Acorn Coffee].
Acorns are roasted in a closed, hollow, iron cylinder over a
fire, the cylinder being turned round, until they have acquired a brown color, and are then, upon cooling, reduced to
a coarse powder.
They form a brownish powder of a somewhat pyroligneous
odor, resembling roasted coffee, and of scarcely an astringent
taste.




241
Semen Sinapis.
[BLACK MUSTARD SEED].             Schwarzer Senfsamen.
Brassiea nigra Koch.
Black Mustard Seeds are roundish, one millimetre in thickness, finely pitted, externally of a rust-brown color, internally yellow. They afford a yellowish-green powder, which,
when moistened with water, exhales a strong, pungent odor,
and when chewed has at first a bitter, oily taste, afterwards
causes a sharp burning in the mouth.
The seeds should not be adulterated with the seeds of
Brassica Rapa Linn., which are one and a half times larger,
also smoother, of a dark-brown color, and less pungent; nor
with the larger seeds of the black variety of Sinapis alba
Linn.
Powdered Mustard should always be kept teady, freshly
prepared.
Semen Stramonii.
[STRAMONIUM SEEDS].                    Stechapfelsamen.
Semen DaturE,.
Datura Stramonium Linn.
Stramonium Seeds are kidney-shaped, compressed, lightly
pitted; externally dull black, and internally white; about
two millimetres long, and but a little more in width. They
have a disagreeable, bitter taste.
The seeds should be fully ripe, and be cautiously preserved.
Semen Strychni.
[Nux VOMICA].                             Kraihenaugen.
Brechnuss. Strychnossamen. Nuux vomica.
Strychnos Nux vomica Linn.
The seeds are disk-shaped, circular, about two and a half
centimetres in diameter, umbilicated in the centre, clothed
with a coat of very dense, silky, appressed hairs -of a yellowish-gray color. The seeds are horny, split and whitish within;
of a very bitter taste.
The commercial powder should not be employed.
Nux Vomica must be cautiously preserved.
21




242
Serum Lactis.
[WHEY].                                       Molken.
Serum Lactis dulce.
Take of Fresh Cow's Milk two hundred parts,.. 200
Essence of Rennet one part.                  1
Mix thoroughly, heat them to a temperature ranging between 350 and 400 C., set aside, and after complete coagulation of the milk, separate, by straining, the whey from the
curd (casein).
Whey should have a yellowish-white color, and be free from
acidity.
Serum Lactis acidum.
[ACID WHEY. SOUR WHEY].                 Saure Molken.
Take of Fresh Cow's Milk one hundred parts... 100
Heat it to the boiling point, and add of
Bitartrate of Potassium one part...   1
After complete coagulation, strain the cold whey from the
curd, and filter.
It has an acidulous taste, and is somewhat turbid.
Serum Lactis aluminatum.
[ALUM WHEY].                            Alaunmolken.
Alum Whey is prepared like Acid Whey, except in place
of Bitartrate of Potassium, there is employed
Alum, powdered, one part.....   1
Serum Lactis tamarindinatum.
[TAMARIND WHEY].                  Tamarindenmolken.
Tamarind Whey is prepared like Acid Whey, except in
place of Bitartrate of Potassium, there is employed
Crude Tamarind Pulp four parts...   4
It has a reddish-brown color.




243
Sinapismus.
[MUSTARD POULTICE].                            Senfteig.
Take of Black Mustard Seeds, powdered, a desired quantity.
Mix it with an equal quantity of
Common Water,
and form a poultice of a somewhat soft consistence.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Species aromatices.
[AROMATIC SPECIES OR HERBS].    Aromatische Krauter.
Take of Peppermint,.......   2
Rosemary Leaves,......   2
Wild Thyme,.......   2
Sweet Marjoram,......   2
Lavender Flowers, each, two parts,...   2
Cloves,.......    1
Cubebs, each, one part.....   1
Having them, separately, finely cut and bruised, remove
the fine dust and mix.
It should be preserved in a closed vessel.
Species ad Decoctum Lignorum.
[WooD TEA].                                    Holzthee.
Take of Guaiacum Wood, rasped, four parts,...   4
Burdock Root, cut,......   2
Rest-harrow Root, cut, each, two parts,..   2
Peeled Liquorice Root, cut,....   1
Sassafras Wood, cut, each, one part...   1
Mix them.
Species emollientes.
[EMOLLIENT SPECIES OR HERBS].   Erweichende Krauter.
Take of Marshmallow Leaves,.....   1
Common Mallow Leaves,.....   1
Melilot,.......   1
German Chamomile,......   1
Flaxseed, each, one part.....      1
Bruise them to a coarse powder, and mix.




244
Species ad Gargarisma.
[TEA FOR GARGLING].                 Species zum G(urgeln.
Take of Marshmallow Leaves,
Elder Flowers,
Common Mallow Flowers, each, equal parts.
Cut and mix them.
Species laxantes St. Germain.
[ST. GERMAIN T1aA].                   Saint-Germainthee.
Take of Senna, exhausted by alcohol, sixteen parts,.  16
Elder Flowers ten parts,.....  10
Fennel Seeds,.......   5
Anise, each, five parts.....   5
Cut, bruise, and mix them.
When it is dispensed, add of
Bitartrate of Potassium three parts..           3
Species pectorales.
[PECTORAL TEA].                                 Brustthee.
Species ad Infusum pectorale.
Take of Marshmallow Root, cut, eight parts,...   8
Peeled Liquorice Root, cut, three parts,.   3
Florentine Orris, cut, one part,....   1
Coltsfoot, cut, four parts,.....   4
Common Mullein Flowers, cut,...   2
Star-anise, bruised, each, two parts...   2
Mix them.
Species pectorales cum Fructibus.
[PECTORAL TEA WITH FRUITS].  Brustthee mit Friichten.
Take of Pectoral Tea sixteen parts,....  16
St. John's Bread, cut, six parts,...   6
Pearl Barley four parts,.....   4
Figs, cut, three parts......   3
Mix them.




245
Spiritus.
[ALCOHOL].                                        Weingeist.
Spiritis Vini rectificatissimus. Alcohol Vini.
A clear, colorless liquid, entirely free from fusel oil, wholly
volatile, and neutral in its reaction. Its specific gravity
varies from 0.830 to 0.834, which correspond to from 91 to 90
per cent. of absolute alcohol by volume.
Spiritus aethereus.
[SPIRIT OF ETHER].                       Hoffmnannstropfen.
[Hoffman's Anodyne]. Aetherweingeist. Liquor anodynus mineralis
Hoffmanni.
Take of Ether one part,.......   1
Alcohol three parts.......    3
Mix them.
A clear, colorless liquid, with a specific gravity of from
0.808 to 0.812.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Spiritus AZtheris chlorati.
[SPIRIT OF CHLORIC ETHER].             Versiisster Salzgeist.
Spiritus Salis dulcis. Spiritus muriatico-aethereus.
Take of Black Oxide of Manganese, broken into pieces
of the size of a hazelnut, a sufficient quantity.
Fill with these pieces a flask (or matrass) up to the
neck. The flask must have a capacity of one hundred
and twenty parts of water, by weight. Pour upon the
manganese, but without covering the whole of it,
Crude Hydrochloric Acid six parts,...    6
Alcohol twenty-four parts,.....  24
previously mixed; and, having connected the flask with a
refrigeratory, distill twenty-five parts. Then neutralize the
distillate by means of slaked lime, and redistill, with a gentle
heat, twenty-one parts.
It forms a clear and colorless liquid, free from acid, with a
specific gravity of from 0.838 to 0.842.
21*




246
Spiritus AEtheris nitrosi.
[SPIRIT OF NITROUS ETHER].    Versiisster Salpetergeist.
[Sweet Spirit of Nitrej. Spiritus nitroso-aethereus. Spiritus nitricoaethereus. Spiritus Nitri dulcis.
Take of Alcohol forty-eight parts,.....  48
Pure Nitric Acid twelve parts..                  12
Introduce them into a glass retort, and distill off forty
parts.........    40
Add to the distillate, while stirring, a sufficient quantity of
Magnesia to neutralize the acid. Set it aside for twenty-four
hours, then pour off the clear liquid, and redistill it by means
of a steam-bath.
Spirit of Nitrous Ether is clear, of an agreeable etheral
odor, nearly colorless, as free as possible from  acid, and has
a specific gravity of between 0.840 and 0.850.
It should be preserved in small; completely-filled, wellclosed bottles, and kept in a cool place.
Spiritus Angelicae compositus.
[COMPOUND SPIRIT OF ANGELICA].   Zusammengesetzter
Enigelwurzelspiritus.
ITn place of Spiritus theriacalis.
Take of Garden Angelica Root, cut, sixteen parts,.        16
Valerian Root, cut,.....   4
Juniper Berries, bruised, each,four parts..   4
Introduce them into a retort; pour upon them
Alcohol seventy-five parts,.....  75
Common Water one hundred and twenty-fiveparts,  125
and macerate for twenty-four hours.
Then distill off one hundred parts,.... 100
in which dissolve
Camphor two parts,......   2
and lastly, filter.
A clear, colorless liquid.




247
Spiritus camphoratus.
[SPIRIT OF CAMPHOR].                       Kampferspiritus.
Take of Camphor one part,......   1
dissolve it in
Alcohol seven parts,......   7
and add of
Distilled Water two parts......   2
Spirit of Camphor is clear and colorless.
Spiritus Cochleariae.
[SPIRIT OF COMMON SCURVY-GRASS].  LOffelkrautspiritus.
Take of the fresh flowering Common Scurvy-Grass eight
parts........    8
Pour upon it
Alcohol,........   3
Common Water, each, three parts,...   3
and distill off four parts....                     4
A clear, colorless liquid.
Spiritus dilutus.
[DILUTED ALCOHOL].                     Verdiinnter Spiritus.
Verdunnter Weingeist. Spiritus Vini rectifcatus.
Take of Alcohol seven parts,......   7
Distilled Water three parts....   3
Mix them.
Diluted Alcohol is clear and colorless.  It has a specific
gravity of from 0.892 to 0.893, and contains from  sixty-nine
to sixty-eight per cent. of absolute alcohol by volume.




248
Spiritus Formicarum.
[SPIRIT OF ANTS].                         Ameisenspiritus.
Take of Ants, recently gathered and bruised, ten parts,   10
Alcohol,........  15
Common Water, each, fifteen parts...          15
Macerate for two days, then distill off twenty parts..  20
A clear, colorless liquid, which reddens blue test-paper.
Twenty parts, mixed with one part of solution of subacetate
of lead, should form a mixture almost entirely filled with
feathery crystals,
Spiritus Juniperi.
[SPIRIT OF JUNIPER].                   Wachholderspiritus.
Take of Juniper Berries, bruised, five parts,...   5
Alcohol,........  15
Common Water, each, fifteen parts..             15
Macerate for twenty-four hours, then distill off twenty
parts........   20
Spirit of Juniper is clear and colorless.
Spiritus Lavandulae.
[SPIRIT OF LAVENDER].                     Lavendelspiritus.
It is prepared from Lavender Flowers, like Spirit of
Juniper.
Spirit of Lavender is clear and colorless.




249
Spiritus Melissae  compositus.
[COMPOUND SPIRIT OF BALM].                Karmelitergeist.
Take of Balm Leaves fourteen parts,....  14
Lemon Peel twelve parts,.....  12
Coriander Seeds,......   6
Nutmeg, each, six parts,.....   6
Cassia Bark,.......   3
Cloves, each, three parts......   3
Having cut and bruised the ingredients, pour upon
them
Alcohol one hundred and fifty parts,... 150
Common Water two hundred and fifty parts,. 250
and distill off two hundred parts..... 200
Compound Spirit of Balm is clear and colorless.
Spiritus Menthae crispse Anglicus.
[ENGLISH ESSENCE OF CURLED-MINT].  Englische Krauseminzessenz.
Take of Oil of Curled-mint one part,....   1
Alcohol nine parts.......   9
Mix them.
It is clear and colorless.
Spiritus Menthae piperitse Anglicus.
[ENGLISH ESSENCE OF PEPPERMINT].  Englische Pfefferminzessenz.
Take of Oil of Peppermint one part,....   1
Alcohol nine parts.......          9
Mix them.
It is clear and colorless.




250
Spiritus Rosmarini.
[SPIRIT OF ROSEMARY].                    Rosmarinspiritus.
Spiritus Anthos.
It is prepared from Rosemary Leaves, like Spirit of Juniper.
Spirit of Rosemary is clear and colorless.
Spiritis Saponatus.
[SPIRIT OF SOAP].                            Seifenspiritus.
Take of Castile Soap, in shavings, one part.               1
Dissolve by digestion, with a gentle heat, in
Alcohol three parts,......   3
Rose Water two parts,....   2
and filter.
Spirit of Soap is clear, with a yellowish color.
It should be preserved in not too cold a place.
Spiritus Serpylli.
[SPIRIT OF WILD THYME].                    Quendelspiritus.
It is prepared from Wild Thyme, like Spirit of Juniper.
It is clear and colorless.
Spiritus Sinapis.
[SPIRIT OF MUSTARD].                           Senfspiritus.
Take of Oil of Mustard one part,.....   1
Alcohol fifty parts.......  50
Mix them.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.




251
Spongiae ceratee.
[WAXED SPONGE. SPONGE TENT].          Wachsschwammne.
It is prepared by freeing finely-porous sponge from foreign
matter, drying and cutting it in proper shape, dipping the
pieces in melted yellow wax, forcibly compressing them between heated plates, and, when cold, freeing them from superfluous wax.
Spongiae compressae.
[COMPRESSED SPONGE].                      Presschwarnm.
It is prepared by carefully freeing finely-porous, select
sponge from shells and gravel, cutting it into longish pieces,
which are moistened with hot water, and each wound closely
with pack-thread, to compress them into cylinders about as
long as a finger. These are dried and preserved with their
binding threads.
Stibium sulfuratum aurantiacum.
[GOLDEN SULPHURET OF ANTIMONY].            Goldschwefel.
Sulphur Stibiatum atcrantiacum. Sulphur auratum Antimonii.
A very fine, orange-yellow, inodorous powder, insoluble in
water, and alcohol, but soluble in hot concentrated hydrochloric acid, leaving a residue of sulphur. On heating in a
glass tube, it yields sublimed sulphur, and a residue of black
tersulphuret of antimony.
It is completely soluble in solution of caustic potassa. It
should dissolve in from sixty to eighty parts of water of
ammonia, leaving but a small amount of a residue, which is
soluble in tartaric acid.  When triturated with distilled
water, the filtered liquid should have no acid taste, and
should not be rendered turbid by nitrate of silver. Triturated with an equal part of bicarbonate of sodium and some
water, the filtered liquid does not assume a yellow turbidity
on the addition of hydrochloric acid in excess.
It should be protected from the light, and preserved in
well-closed vessels.




252
Stibium sulfuratum crudum.
[BLACK SULPHURET OF ANTIMONY]. Schwefelspiessglanz.
[Crude Antimony]. Antimonium crudum.
In heavy, blackish-gray, shining lumps, soiling the fingers,
and having a radiated, crystalline fracture. When heated
with hydrochloric acid, it is decomposed with the evolution
of hydrosulphuric acid gas.
It should be as free as possible from arsenic, lead, and
copper.
Powdered, it should almost entirely dissolve when boiled
with ten parts of hydrochloric acid. One part of this clear,
decanted solution, when mixed with an equal volume of alcohol, should form but a slightly turbid mixture, which, when
treated with an excess of water of ammonia, should not yield
a very blue filtrate. Another part of the same solution,
mixed with hydrochloric acid, and a small quantity of protochloride of tin added, must not assume a deep-brown color
on being heated.
Stibium sulfuratum laevigatum.
[LEVIGATED BLACK SULPHURET OF ANTIMONY].  Fein zerriebenes Schwefelspiessglanz.
Stibium sulphuratum nigrum laIvigatum.
It should be entirely free from arsenic, and as much as
possible so from lead and copper.
Stibium sulfuratum rubeum.
[KERMES MINERAL].                        Mineralkermnes.
[Oxyosulphuret of Antimony]. Sulphur stibiatum rubeum. Kermes
minerale.
Take of Commercial Carbonate of Sodium twenty-five
parts........   25
Dissolve it in
Common Water two hundred and fifty parts,. 250
previously heated to the boiling point in an iron kettle,
and, while stirring, add of
Levigated Black Sulphuret of Antimony one
part..                              1




253
Boil for two hours, and constantly replace the water that
is evaporated; then filter the boiling hot solution into a vessel
containing a little Hot Water. After cooling, collect the precipitate on a filter, and wash it on the same with Distilled
Wader until the liquid runs off colored, and no longer affects
red test-paper. Finally, express between folds of bibulous
paper, and dry it in a dark, luke-warm place (250 C.), rub
it to fine powder, and preserve it in well-closed vessels, which
are to be protected from the light.
Kermes Mineral is a very fine, reddish-brown powder, containing minute crystals, which may be detected by means of
a lens.
Stipites Dulcamarae.
[BITTERSWEET].                         Bittersiissstengel.
Solanum Dulcamara Zinn.
The stems or twigs of Bittersweet are straggling and often
twining, from four to eight millimetres in thickness, nearly
five-angled, marked with scattered scars left by the fallen
leaves. They are more or less warty, striated or furrowed
longitudinally, and most generally hollow. The periderm
is greenish or brownish-yellow, and separates readily from
the thin bark, which is at first of a green, and finally of a
whitish color. The woody portion is very porous, and at first
green, changing to a yellowish color, and frequently furnished
with concentric rings. The bark has a bitter, and the wood
a sweet taste.
The twigs of the two or three years old plants should be
gathered in autumn, when they have shed their leaves. They
should not be confounded with the stems of Lonicera Periclymenum L., which are cylindrical, and marked with opposite
scars of the fallen leaves.
Strychninum.
[STRYCHNIA].                                  Strychnin.
In small, hard, columnar crystals, of a very bitter taste;
scarcely soluble in cold, and but slightly in boiling water;
almost insoluble in ether, and in absolute alcohol; it dissolves
a little more readily in diluted alcohol. One hundred parts
of alcohol, of the specific gravity 0.889, dissolve five parts of
22




254
strychnia, forming a solution of an alkaline reaction, and
which, even though largely diluted, possesses a bitter, afterwards disagreeable, taste.
Strychnia, dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid without
the aid of heat, yields, on the addition of a small crystal of
bichromate of potassium, a blue or violet color, speedily
passing through red to green. The above alcoholic solution
of Strychnia affords, on the addition of solution of caustic
potassa, a precipitate which is insoluble in an excess of the
alkaline solution. Salts of Strychnia, on which has been
poured concentrated nitric acid, must only become yellow
when heated. Strychnia should form, with dilute nitric acid,
a colorless, and in no case a red, solution.
It should be very cautiously preserved.
Strychninum nitricum.
[NITRATE OF STRYCHNIA].        Salpetersaures Strychnin.
In small, hard crystals, frequently of a silky lustre; soluble
in sixty parts of cold, and in three parts of boiling water;
very sparingly soluble in absolute alcohol, more readily in
diluted alcohol. The solutions are neutral, and have a very
bitter taste.
It behaves in the presence of reagents like Strychnia.
It should be very cautiously preserved.
Styrax liquidus.
[LIQUID STORAX].                       Fliissiger Storax.
Liquidambar orientale Miller.
An opaque mass, of a more or less gray color, and the consistence of rather thick [European] turpentine. It contains
sometimes a little water, and has a peculiar pleasant odor.
It is almost entirely soluble in alcohol.
Succinum.
[AMBER].                                     Bernstein.
In yellow, or yellowish-brown, transparent or opaque pieces.
They are brittle, have a conchoidal, shining fracture, and are
scarcely soluble in alcohol, ether, the fixed and essential oils.




255
Succus Juniperi inspissatus.
[EXTRACT OF JUNIPER BERRIES].           Wachholdermus.
Boob Juniperi.
Pour upon one part of fresh Juniper berries, bruised, four
parts of Hot Common Water, and when cold, express moderately. Allow the liquid to settle, then strain and evaporate
it to the consistence of a thin extract.
It is brown, and forms a turbid solution with water.
Succus Liquiritiae crudus.
[LIQUORICE].                                      Lakriz.
[Crude Extract of Liquorice]. Extractum Glycyrrh.ize crudum.
Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.
Liquorice occurs in the form of rolls, which are nearly
cylindrical, about fifteen centimetres in length, and about
two and a half centimetres in thickness, of a brownish-black,
shining color; brittle when cold, and breaking with a black,
glossy fracture. It has a sweet taste, with scarcely any
acridity. It dissolves largely in water.
Succus Liquiritiae depuratus.
[REFINED LIQUORICE].           Gereinigter Lakrizensaft.
[Pureifed Extract of Liquorice]. Extractum Glycyrrhiece depuratun.
Liquorice (crude extract) is introduced into an upright
cask, placed in layers, with washed straw between each layer,
and covered with Cold Common Water, and allowed to macerate for thirty-six hours. The liquid is then drawn off through
a faucet, and the maceration is repeated, as often as necessary,
with fresh portions of Water. The strained and perfectly
clear liquids are then evaporated, by means of a steam-bath,
to the consistence of a thick extract.
Refined Liquorice has a brown color, and forms a clear
solution with water.




256
Succus Sambuci inspissatus.
[EXTRACT OF ELDER BERRIES].                   Fliedermus.
[Inspissated Elder Berry Juice].
Heat fresh, ripe Elder Berries, with constant stirring,
until they burst open, then express. Allow the expressed juice to settle, then strain and evaporate it to the
consistence of a thick extract. To twelve phrts,..  12
of this inspissated juice, while still warm, add of
White Sugar, powdered, one part.                1
Care should be taken that it be not contaminated with
copper, which may be detected by means of a polished iron
blade.
It has a reddish-brown color, and a seweetish, acidulous
taste. It forms almost a clear solution with water.
Sulfur depuratum.
[WASHED SULPHUR].            Gereinigte Schwefelblumen.
[Washed or Purifled Flowers of Sulphur]. Flores Sulphuris loti.
Take of Sublimed Sulphur, passed through a sieve, twelve
parts,........  12
Distilled Water eight parts,....   8
Water of Ammonia one part....   1
Mix so that they form  a pasty mass, which digest for
three days, stirring occasionally; then introduce it into a
conical linen strainer, and wash thoroughly with distilled
water. Lastly dry-, and pass it through a sieve.
Washed Sulphur is a fine, dry, inodorous, and tasteless
powder, of a lemon-yellow color. When heated it volatilizes,
leaving but a very small residue. Entirely soluble in solution
of caustic potassa. When moistened with water, it must not
redden blue test-paper. Digested with water of ammonia, it
yields a filtrate which must not be affected by hydrochloric
acid in excess.
It should be preserved in a well-closed vessel.




257
Sulfur iodatum.
[IODIDE OF SULPHUR].                        Jodschwefel.
Take of Washed Sulphur one part,.....   1
Iodine four parts.....   4
Mix by rubbing them together; introduce the mixture into
a fiasik, and apply a gentle heat until it melts into a uniform
mass, which, when cold, reduce to powder.
Iodide of Sulphur has a blackish-gray color, metallic lustre,
and volatilizes entirely by heat.
It should be cautiously preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Sulfur praecipitatum.
[PRECIPITATED SULPHUR].                   Schwefelmilch.
[Milk of Sulphur]. Lac Sulphurls.
A very fine, yellowish-white, nearly inodorous powder. It
is not gritty between the fingers, and leaves but a small
residue when volatilized by heat.
It must not redden moistened blue test-paper. Water,
hydrochloric acid, or water of ammonia, digested with it, and
filtered, should not on evaporation leave any residue.
It should be preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Sulfur sublimatum.
[SUBLIMED SULPHUR].                     Schwefelblumen.
[Flowers of Sulphur]. Flores,Sulphuris.
Care should be taken that it be but slightly contaminated
with selenium and arsenic. Water of ammonia digested with
it, and filtered, should not be rendered turbid, or but very
slightly so, on the addition of hydrochloric acid in excess.
22*




258
Summitates Sabinae.
[SAVINE].                              Sadebaumspitzen.
[Savine Tops]. Herba Sabinw.
Sabina officinalis Garcke.
The coarctate (contracted) branches, with very short, stiff
leaves, which are furnished with a sunken gland on their
dorsal side. The younger leaves, in four rows, are imbricated,
rhombic, and somewhat obtuse; the older ones are more or
less separated, spreading, and pointed. They have a strong,
disagreeable, and persistent odor, and a nauseous, resinous,
bitter taste. The branches should not be confounded with
those of Red Cedar (Sabina Virginiana, Berg.), which are more
spreading, and diffuse a feebler odor.
They should be cautiously preserved, but not kept longer
than a year.
The tops of the shrub, cultivated in Germany, of the plant
indigenous in Southern Europe, may be gathered in April and
May, and employed.
Syrupi.
[SYRUPS].                                       Syrupe.
Syrups are prepared, when not otherwise ordered, by dissolving White Sugar in the clear liquid, with the aid of heat,
and raising the temperature to the boiling-point.
The strained syrups, when entirely cold, are introduced
into perfectly dry vessels, well closed, and kept in a cold-place.
They should be all clear, with the exception of Syrup of
Almonds, have no deposit, and be free from fermentation.
Syrupus Althaeae.
[SYRUP OF MARSHMALLOW].                      Eibischsaft.
Take of Marshmallow Root, cut, one part...        1
Wash it with cold distilled water; then pour upon it
Cold Distilled Water twenty parts,.       20
macerate for two hours, and strain through a woolen
cloth without pressure. In fifteen parts....  15
of the strained liquid, dissolve
White Sugar twenty-four parts,.              24
so that a syrup may be formed.
Syrup of Marshmallow is clear, with a slight yellow color.




259
Syrupus Amygdalarum.
[SYRUP OF ALMONDS].                         Mandelsyrup.
Syrupus emulsivus.
Take of Sweet Almonds, decorticated (blanched), four
parts,....                4
Bitter Almonds, decorticated, one part...   1
Rub them to a very smooth paste with a little water,
and gradually add of
Distilled Water eleven parts,....  11
Orange-Flower Water one part,..           1
express forcibly, strain through a woolen cloth, and dissolve, with a very gentle heat, in eleven parts..  11
of the strained liquid,
White Sugar, powdered, twenty parts...  20
Syrup of Almonds is turbid and whitish.
Syrupus Aurantii Corticis.
[SYRUP OF ORANGE PEEL].         Pomeranzenschalensyrup.
Take of Orange Peel, cut, two parts,....   2
Genuine White Wine fourteen parts,..         14
digest for two days in a closed vessel, then express and
filter.
Dissolve in eleven parts......  11
of the filtered liquid
White Sugar eighteen parts,....  18
so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of Orange Peel has a yellowish-brown color.
Syrupus Aurantii Florum.
[SYRUP OF ORANGE-FLOWERS]. Pomeranzenbliithensyrup.
In place of Syrupus Capillorum Veneris.
Take of White Sugar nine parts,..9
dissolve it in
Orange-Flower Water five parts,                  5
so as to form a syrup.
The Syrup is colorless.




260
Syrupus Balsami Peruviani.
[SYRUP OF BALSAM OF PERU].               Perubalsamsyrup.
Syrupus balsamious.
Take of Balsam of Peru one part,.....   1
Distilled Water eleven parts,.                11
digest for several hours in a closed vessel, with frequent
agitation.  When cold, dissolve in ten parts...  10
of the decanted and filtered liquid,
White Sugar eighteen parts,....  18
so as to form a syrup.
The Syrup has a yellowish color.
Syrupus Cerasi.
[SYRUP OF CHERRIES].                          Kirschsyrup.
Take of fresh dark-purple Sour Cherries a desired
quantity.
Bruise them, together with the seeds, and set aside
for three days; then express the juice, and set it aside
until it has become clear by fermentation.
Dissolve in five parts.......   5
of the filtered juice,
White Sugar nine parts,.....   9
so as to form a syrup.
The Syrup has dark purple color.
Syrupus Chamomillae.
[SYRUP OF CHAMOMILE].                      Kamillensyrup.
Take of German Chamomile three parts,...   3
Boiling Distilled Water fifteen parts...     15
Set aside for a few hours in a closed vessel, and dissolve in ten parts........  10
of the filtered liquid,
White Sugar eighteen parts,....  18
so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of Chamomile has a yellowish-brown color.




261
Syrupus Cinnamomi.
[SYRUP OF CINNAMON].                          Zimmtsyrup.
Take of Cassia Bark, coarsely powdered, two parts,.   2
Spirituous Cinnamon Water twelve parts,..  12
Rose Water two parts......   2
Digest for two days, in a closed vessel, and filter.
Dissolve in eleven parts......  11
of the filtered liquid,
White Sugar eighteen parts,....  18
so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of Cinnamon has a reddish-brown color.
Syrupus Croci.
[SYRUP OF SAFFRON].                            Safransyrup.
Take of Saffron one part,....                   1
Genuine White Wine twenty-four parts.            24
Macerate for thirty-six hours in a closed vessel, and
dissolve in twenty-two parts......  22
of the filtered liquid,
White Sugar thirty-six parts,....  36
so as to form a syrup..It has a saffron-yellow color.
Syrupus Ferri iodati.
[SYRUP OF IODIDE OF IRON].                Eisenjodiirsyrup.
Take of Powdered Iron two parts.....   2
Introduce it into a sufficiently large flask, containing
Distilled Water thirty parts,...  30
and add gradually of
Iodine four parts......   4
Dissolve by gently agitating the flask, and, if necessary, by the application of a gentle heat. Then filter
the solution into a porcelain capsule, containing
White Sugar, powdered, sixty parts,..        60
and add Distilled Water through the filter to wash it
and the undissolved iron well. Dissolve the sugar with
a very gentle heat, and evaporate the liquid, by means
of a steam-bath, so that one hundred parts...  100
shall remain.




262
Freshly prepared Syrup of Iodide of Iron is nearly colorless, but it changes to a yellowish color. It contains five per
cent. of iodide of iron.
It should be preserved in a small, very tightly-closed bottle,
which should contain a piece of bright iron wire. The vessel
should be kept in a light place.
Syrupus Ferri. oxydati solubilis.
[SYRUP OF OXIDE OF IRON].                    Eisensyrup.
Take the mass (one hundred parts) which is procured
in the preparation of Saccharated Oxide of Iron by the
mixing of the moist precipitate with sugar; and digest,
by means of a steam-bath, for two hours, adding water
which is lost by evaporation. When the mass has cooled,
add of
Simple Syrup a sufficient quantity to make the
whole amount to three hundred parts..    300
It forms a clear syrup of a dark red-brown color, and of a
sweet, mildly ferruginous taste. When mixed with five
parts of water it deposits no sediment. It contains one per
cent. of iron.
Syrupus Foeniculi.
[SYRUP OF FENNEL].                           Fenchelsaft.
Take of Fennel Seeds, bruised, two parts,...   2
Boiling Distilled Water twelve parts,..  12
and digest for three hours in a closed vessel.
Dissolve in ten parts.......  10
of the filtered liquid,
White Sugar eighteen parts,....  18
so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of Fennel has a brownish-yellow color.
Syrupus gummosus.
[SYRUP OF GUM ARABIC].                     Gummisyrup.
Take of Mucilage of Gum Arabic one part,..       1
Simple Syrup three parts......   3
Mix them.
The Syrup is nearly colorless




263
Syrupus Ipecacuanhae.
[SYRUP OF IPECACUANHA].                Ipecacuanhasyrup.
Take of Ipecacuanha, bruised, onepart,....   1
Diluted Alcohol five parts,....   5
Distilled Water thirty-six parts,...  36
and digest for twenty-four hours in a closed vessel.
Dissolve in forty parts.                            40
of the filtered liquid,
White Sugar sixty-six parts,....  66
so as to form a syrup.
The Syrup has a yellowish color. One hundred parts correspond to one part of Ipecacuanha.
Syrupus Liquiritiae.
[SYRUP OF LIQUORICE].                      Siissholzsyrup.
Syrupus Glycyrrhizce.
Take of Peeled Liquorice Root, cut, four parts,..   4
Common Water eighteen parts,...              18
and macerate for one night. Bring the expresed and
filtered liquid to the boiling point, then evaporate, by
means of a steam-bath, so that there shall remain, after
cooling and filtration, seven parts,..                 7
in which dissolve
White Sugar,....                    12
Clarified Honey, each, twelve parts...     12
Syrup of Liquorice has a yellowish-brown color.
Syrupus Mannae.
[SYRUP OF MANNA].                           Mannasyrup.
Take of Common Manna three parts....   3
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water twelve parts...  12
To the filtered liquid add of
White Sugar sixteen parts..                    16
Heat them to the boiling-point, so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of Manna has a yellowish color.




264
Syrupus Menthae crispme.
[SYRUP OF CURLED-MINT].               Krauzeminzsyrup.
It is prepared from Curled-Mint Leaves, like Syrup of
Chamomile.
It has a greenish-brown color.
Syrupus Menthae piperitae.
[SYRUP OF PEPPERMINT].                Pfefferminzsyrup.
It is prepared from Peppermint, like Syrup of Chamomile.
It has a greenish-brown color.
Syrupus opiatus.
tSYRUP OF OPIUM].                           Opiumsyrup.
Take of Extract of Opium one part.                     1
Dissolve it in a small quantity of Genuine White Wine,
and mix with
Simple Syrup one thousand parts... 1000
Syrupus Papaveris.
[SYRUP OF POPPIES].                     Beruhigungssaft.
Syrupus Capitum Papaveris. Syrupus Diacodii.
Take of Poppy Heads, deprived of seeds and cut,..   3
St. John's Bread, cut, each, three parts,..   3
Peeled Liquorice Root, cut, two parts...   2
Pour upon them
Hot Common Water fifty parts,                 50
digest for two hours, in a steam-bath, and express. Evaporate the filtered liquid, by means of the steam-bath, so
that there shall remain, after filtration, fifteen parts,.  15
in which dissolve
White Sugar twenty-five parts....  25
Syrup of Poppies has a yellowish-brown color.




265
Syrupus Rhamni catharticae.
[SYRUP OF BUCKTHORN].            IKreuzdornbeerensyrup.
Syritpus Spinae cervinca. Syrupus domnesticus.
It is prepared from fresh Buckthorn Berries, like Syrup
of Cherries.
It has a violet color.
Syrupus Rhei.
[SYRUP OF RHUBARB].                         Rhabarbersaft.
Take of Rhubarb, cut, twelve parts,....  12
Cassia Bark, bruised, three parts,...   3
Pure Carbonate of Potassium one part,..   1
Distilled Water one hundred parts..          100
Macerate for one night. Dissolve in eighty parts.  80
of the strained and filtered liquid,
White Sugar one hundred and forty-four parts.. 144
Syrup of Rhubarb has a brownish-red color.
Syrupus Rhoeados.
[SYRUP OF RED POPPIES].                   Klatschrosensaft.
Take of fresh Red Poppies twelve parts,.                12
Hot Common Water twenty parts,...  20
macerate for a night. Express gently and strain.
Dissolve in twenty parts......  20
of the liquid,
White Sugar thirty-six parts,...       36
so as to form a syrup.
The Syrup has a deep-red color.
23




266
Syrupus Rubi Idai.
[SYRUP OF RASPBERRY].                      Hinmbeersyrup.
The Juice of Raspberry is prepared from the bruised fresh
raspberries, like the Juice of Cherries.
Dissolve in five parts.....          5
of Raspberry Juice, thus prepared,
White Sugar nine parts,.....   9
so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of Raspberry has a red color. The red color of the
Syrup must not change to yellow on the addition of half its
volume of nitric acid.
Syrupus Sarsaparillae compositus.
[COMPOUND  SYRUP OF SARSAPARILLA].    Zusammengesetzter Sassaparillsyrup.
Take of Sarsaparilla, cut, twenty-four parts,...  24
Guaiacum Wood, rasped,.....  16
Sassafras Wood, cut,.                          16
China Root, cut, each, sixteen parts,..     16
Brown [Pale] Cinchona, bruised, eight parts,.   8
Anise, bruised, three parts......   3
Pour upon them
Hot Common Water two hundred and fifty parts. 250
Let them digest gently for a few hours, then express.
Evaporate the filtered liquid, in a steam-bath, so that
there shall remain eighty parts,.....  80
in which dissolve,
White Sugar one hundred and thirty parts,. 130
so as to form a syrup.
The Syrup has a brown color.




267
Syrupus Senegae.
[SYRUP OF SENEKA].                           Senegasyrup.
Take of Seneka Root, cut, two parts,..   2
Distilled Water twenty-two parts,...  22
Alcohol three parts,....   3
macerate for two days, then express and filter.
Dissolve in twenty-two parts.                         22
of the filtered liquid,
White Sugar thirty-six parts,....  36
so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of Seneka has a yellowish color.
Syrupus Sennae cum Manna.
[SYRUP OF SENNA WITHI MANNA]. Sennasyrup mit Manna.
Take of Senna, cut, ten parts,.                         10
Fennel Seeds, bruised, one part,...   1
Hot Common Water fifty parts...          50
Set them aside for a few hours, shaking occasionally,
then express. Dissolve in the liquid
Common Manna fifteen parts,....  15
and strain.
Allow the liquid to settle, and dissolve inflfty-flve parts  55
of the clear portion,
White Sugar fifty parts,....  50
so as to form a syrup.
The Syrup has a brown color.
Syrupus Simplex.
[SIMPLE SYRUP].                            Weisser Syrup.
syrupus Sacehari. Syrupus albus.
Take of White Sugar eighteen parts,..             18
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water ten parts,...            10
so as to form a syrup.
Simple Syrup is colorless.




268
Syrupus Succi Citri.
[SYRUP OF LEMON].                      Citronensaftsyrup.
Take of Lemons a desired number.
Express them, and dissolve in ten parts...  10
of the expressed, clarified and filtered juice,
White Sugar eighteen parts,....  18
so as to form a syrup.
Syrup of' Lemon has a yellowish color.
Tartarus boraxatus.
[BORO-TARTRATE OF POTASSIUM].            Boraxweinstein.
Kali tartaricum boraxatum. Cremor Tartari solubilis.
Take of Borax two parts..                                2
Introduce it into a porcelain vessel, dissolve it in
Distilled Water twenty parts,....  20
and add of
Bitartrate of Potassium five parts...   5
Let the mixture remain in a steam-bath, stirring frequently,
until the Bitartrate of Potassium has dissolved. Evaporate
the filtered liquid in the steam-bath to a tough mass, which
becomes friable on cooling. Draw out this mass into ribbons,
and dry them with a gentle heat; then reduce them into
powder, and introduce it immediately into a previously warmed
vessel, which must be well Closed.
A white powder, very deliquescent in the air, having a
sour taste, and dissolving in an equal part of water.
The aqueous solution should not be affected by hydrosulphuric acid, or hydrosulphate of ammonium.
Tartarus depuratus.
[BITARTRATE OF POTASSIUM].                     Weinstein.
[Cream of Tartar. Acid Tartrate of Potassium]. Kati bitartaricum
purum. Cremor Tartari. Crystalli Tartari.
In white, hard, irregularly-formed crystals, or in a white
crystalline powder, of an acidulous taste; soluble in one hundred and eighty parts of cold, and in from eighteen to twenty
parts of boiling water; insoluble in alcohol. Solution of carbonate of potassium, and diluted solution of caustic potassa,
dissolve it entirely, the former solution with effervescence.




269
Cream of tartar should not be colored when hydrosulphuric
acid is poured upon it. The aqueous solution, mixed with a
little nitric acid, should not be rendered turbid by chloride
of barium, and only very slightly so by nitrate of silver.
Dissolved in water of ammonia, the solution should not be
altered by hydrosulphate of ammonium, nor precipitated by
oxalate of ammonium.
Tartarus ferratus.
[FERRO-TARTRATE OF POTASSIUM].           Eisenweinstein.
Ferro-Kali tartaricum. In place of Gflobuli martiales.
Take of Iron Filings one part,.                         1
Bitartrate of Potassium, commercial, powdered,
five parts.......   5
Mix and convert them into a paste, with common water, in
an earthenware vessel. Digest with frequent stirring, adding
water as much as is lost by evaporation, until a uniform black
mass is obtained, and a sample of it is found to be almost
wholly soluble in water, forming a greenish-black solution.
Then dry the mass in a moderately warm place, and reduce
it to powder.
It forms a dirty-greenish powder, which assumes a brown
color by age. When heated it diffuses a peculiar odor, burns
and leaves a residue, which has a strongly aklaline reaction.
It dissolves almost wholly in sixteen parts of cold water,
forming a blackish-green solution.
Tartarus natronatus.
[TARTRATE OF POTASSIUM AND SODIUM].   Seignettesalz.
[Rochelle Salt. Seignette Salt. Tartaratecd Soda].
Natro-Kali tartaricum. Sal polychrestum Seignet4.
In rather large, transparent, rhombic prismatic crystals,
soluble in one part and a half of cold, and one-third part
of boiling water.
The aqueous solution should not be altered by hydrosulphuric acid, hydrosulphate of ammonium or oxalate of
ammonium; and, after the addition of a little nitric acid,
chloride of barium should produce no cloudiness, and nitrate
of silver but a slight one.
23*




270
Tartarus stibiatus.
[TARTRATE OF ANTIMONY AND POTASSIUM]. Brechweinstein.
[Tartar Emnetic. Tartarated Antimony].
Tartarus emeticus. Stibio-Kali tartaricum.
A very white crystalline powder, of a feebly sweetish nauseous metallic taste. It chars upon the application of heat;
is soluble in fifteen parts of cold, and in two parts of boiling
water; insoluble in alcohol. It slightly reddens blue test
paper.
The aqueous solution, to which has been added a little tartaric acid, should not be rendered turbid by chloride of barium, nitrate of silver or oxalate of ammonium; and when
mixed with acetic acid; should not be altered by ferrocyanide
of potassium.  When dissolved in hydrochloric acid, the addition of a small quantity of protochloride of tin should produce
no brown coloration in the solution on warming it.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Terebinthina.
[TURPENTINE].                                 Terpenthin.
[European Turpentine]. Terebizthina communis.
Pinus Pinaster Aiton, and of other species of Pinus.
A balsam of a variable consistence. It is somewhat granular, tenacious, opaque, and flows with difficulty. Its color
is whitish, yellowish, or brownish-yellow. It has a strong,
peculiar odor, and a bitter taste.
Terebinthina laricina.
[VENICE TURPENTINE].                  Larchenterpenthin.
Terebinthina Laricis. Terebinthina Veneta.
Larix decidua Miller.
A balsam which is generally transparent, sometimes slightly
cloudy; it is homogenous, tenacious, and of a somewhat
thick consistence. It has a yellowish or greenish-yellow
color, a balsamic odor, and a bitter taste.




271
Tincturae.
[TINCTURES].                                   Tincturen.
Tinctures are prepared, when no other process is given, in
the following manner: The ingredients are coarsely powdered, or finely cut, and the extracting liquid (menstruum) is
poured upon them in a bottle, which should be only partly
filled. Maceration or digestion, according to directions, is
then carried on for eight days, in a shady place, shaking
frequently each day.
Maceration is conducted in well-closed vessels, at a temperature of between 15~ and 200 C.; digestion in vessels only
half filled and closed with a piece of bladder, pierced with a
needle, at a heat of between 350 and 40~ C.
When the maceration or digestion is completed, the cold
liquid is poured off, and the residue expressed, which is done,
if necessary, by means of a press. The liquid is then allowed
to stand for twenty-four hours in the place where the tincture
is intended to be kept, and is filtered in the same place, the
funnel being covered with a glass plate. The small quantity
of liquid lost by evaporation, during the preparation of the
tincture, is not allowed to be replaced.
The tinctures should be clear, free from sediment, and possess the peculiar odor of the substances from which they are
prepared.
They should be preserved in well-closed vessels, in a shady
place, which has a temperature of about 150 C.
Tinctura Absinthii.
[TINCTURE OF WORMWOOD].                 W ermuthtinktur.
Take of Wormwood one part,......   1
Diluted Alcohol five parts...... 5
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
Tincture of Wormwood has a brownish-green color.
Tinctura Aconiti.
[TINCTURE OF ACONITE ROOT].              Eisenhuttinktur.
Take of Aconite Root, bruised, one part,...   1
Diluted Alcohol ten parts......  10
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
The Tincture has a yellowish-brown color.
It should be cautiously preserved.




272
Tinctura Aloes.
[TINCTURE OF ALOES].                            Aloitinktur.
Take of Aloes one part,.......    1
Alcohol five parts.......    5
The tincture is prepared by digestion.
Tincture of Aloes has a blackish-brown color.
Tincture Aloes composita.
[COMPOUND TINCTURE OF ALOES].            Zusammengesetzte
Aloetinktur.
[Swedish Bitters]. In place of Eliooir ad longam witam.
Take of Aloes nine parts,......   9
Gentian Root,.......    1
Rhubarb,........    1
Zedoary Root,.......    1
Saffron,........    I
Larch Agaric, each, one part....   1
Cut and bruise the ingredients, and pour upon them
Diluted Alcohol two hundred parts,... 200
and prepare the tincture by digestion.
Compound Tincture of Aloes has a reddish-brown color.
Tinctura amara.
[BITTER TINCTURE].                          Bittere Tinktur.
Take of Orange Berries,......   2
European Centaury,......   2
Gentian Root, each, two parts,....   2
Zedoary Root one part.....   1
Cut the ingredients, and pour upon them
Diluted Alcohol thirty-five parts,...  35
and prepare the tincture by digestion.
Bitter Tincture has a brown color with a faint greenish tint.




273
Tinctura Arnice.
[TINCTURE OF ARNICA].                     Arnikatinktur.
It is prepared from Arnica Flowers, like Tincture of Aconite
Root.
Tincture of Arnica has a brownish-yellow color.
Tinctura aromatica.
[AROMATIC TINCTURE].                Aromatische Tinktur.
Take of Cassia Bark, coarsely powdered, four parts,.   4
Small Cardamom,......   1
Cloves,........    1
Galangal Root,...   1
Ginger, each, coarsely powdered, one part,.   1
Diluted Alcohol fifty parts....  50
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
Aromatic Tincture has a brownish-red color.
Tinctura aromatica acida.
[ACID AROMATIC TINCTURE]. Saure aromatische Tinktur.
In place of Elixir Vitrioli Mynsichti. [Elixir of Fitriol].
It is prepared like Aromatic Tincture, except to the
Diluted Alcohol fifty parts,...      50
is added, before digestion,
Pure Sulphuric Acid two parts..                2
The Tincture has a brownish-red color.




274
Tinctura Asse foetidee.
[TINCTURE OF ASSAFETIDA].            Stinkasanttinktur.
It is prepared from Assafetida, like Tincture of Aloes.
Tincture of Assafetida has a yellowish red-brown color.
Tinctura Aurantii Corticis.
[TINCTURE OF ORANGE PEEL]. Pomeranzenschalentinktur.
It is prepared from Orange Peel, like Tincture of Wormwood.
Tincture of Orange Peel has a brownish color.
Tincturae Belladonnse.
[TINCTURE OF BELLADONNA].           Belladonnatinktur.
Take of the fresh Leaves of Belladonna, with the flowering branches, five parts....   5
Having bruised them in a stone mortar, pour on
Alcohol six parts,......   6
and prepare the tincture by maceration.
Tincture of Belladonna has a brownish-green color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Benzoes.
[TINCTURE OF BENZOIN].                  Benzoetinktur.
It is prepared from Benzoin, like Tincture of Aloes.
Tincture of Benzoin has a yellowish brown-red color.
Tinctura Calami.
[TINCTURE OF CALAMUS].                  Kalmustinktur.
It is prepared, by maceration, from Calamus Root, like
Tincture of Wormwood.
Tincture of Calamus has a brownish-yellow color.




275
Tinctura Cannabis Indicas.
[TINCTURE OF INDIAN HEMP].            Indischhanftinktur.
Take of Extract of Indian Hemp one part...   1
Dissolve it in
Alcohol nineteen parts,.....  19
and filter.
Tincture of Indian Itemp has a greenish color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Cantharidum.
[TINCTURE OF CANTHARIDES].        Spanischfliegentinktur.
Take of Cantharides, coarsely powdered, one part,.   1
Alcohol ten parts,......  10
and prepare the tincture by maceration.
Tincture of Cantharides has a yellowish-green color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Capsici.
[TINCTURE OF CAPSICUM].           Spanischpfefertinktur.
It is prepared from finely-cut Capsicum, like Tincture of
Cantharides.
Tincture of Capsicum has a brownish orange-yellow color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Cascarill1e.
[TINCTURE OF CASCARILLA].               Kaskarilltinktur.
It is prepared from Cascarilla Bark, like Tincture of Wormwood.
Tincture of Cascarilla has a reddish-brown color.




276
Tinctura Castorei Canadensis.
[TINCTURE OF CANADA CASTOR]. Tinktur aus Canadischem
Bibergeil.
It is prepared from Canada Castor, like Tincture of Cantharides.
The Tincture has a dark-brown color.
Tinctura Castorei Sibirici.
[TINCTURE OF SIBERIAN CASTOR]. Tinktur aus Sibirischem
Bibergeil.
It is prepared from Siberian Castor, like Tincture of Cantharides.
The Tincture has a reddish-brown color.
Tinctura Catechu.
[TINCTURE OF CATECHU].               EKatechutinktur.
It is prepared from Catechu, like Tincture of Wormwood.
Tincture of Catechu has a dark-brown color.
Tinctura Chinae.
[TINCTURE OF CINCHONA].                 Chinatinktur.
It is prepared from Brown [Pale] Cinchona, like Tincture
of Wormwood.
Tincture of Cinchona has a reddish-brown color.




277
Tinctura Chinae composita.
[COMPOUND TINCTURE OF CINCHONA]. Zusammengesetzte
Chinatinktur.
flixir roborans Whyttii.
Take of Brown [Pale] Cinchona six parts,...   6
Orange Peel,......   2
Gentian Root, each, two parts,....   2
Cassia Bark one part......   1
Having cut and bruised the ingredients, pour upon
them
Diluted Alcohol fifty parts,....  50
and prepare a tincture by digestion.
The Tincture has a reddish-brown color.
Tinctura Chinoidini.
[TINCTURE OF QUINOIDIN].                 Chinoidintinktur.
Take of Quinoidin two parts......   2
Dissolve it in
Alcohol seventeen parts,.....  17
Pure Hydrochloric Acid one part,...   1
and filter.
The Tincture has a brown color.
Tinctura Cinnamomi.
[TINCTURE OF CINNAMON].                     Zimmttinktur.
It is prepared from Cassia Bark, like Tincture of Wormwood.
The Tincture has a reddish-brown color.
Tinctura Colchici.
[TINCTURE OF COLCHICUM.]                  Zeitlosentinktur.
[Tincture of Colchicum Seed]. Tinctura Seminis Colchici.
It is prepared from well bruised Colchicum Seeds, like
Tincture of Aconite Root.
Tincture of Colchicum has a yellow color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
24




278
Tinctura Colocynthidis.
[TINCTURE OF COLOCYNTH].            Koloquintentinktur.
It is prepared from Colocynth, freed from the seeds, like
Tincture of Cantharides.
The Tincture has a yellow color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Croci.
[TINCTURE OF SAFFRON].                    Safrantinktur.
It is prepared by maceration from Saffron, like Tincture of
Aconite Root.
Tincture of Saffron has a dark orange-yellow color.
Tinctura Digitalis.
[TINCTURE OF DIGITALIS].              Fingerhuttinktur.
It is prepared from the fresh Leaves of Digitalis, like
Tincture of Belladonna.
Tincture of Digitalis has a brownish-green color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Digitalis aetherea.
[ETHEREAL TINCTURE OF DIGITALIS].  Aetherische Fingerhuttinktur.
Take of Digitalis Leaves one part,.....   1
Spirit of Ether ten parts......  10
Prepare the tincture by maceration.
It has a dark-green color.
It should be cautiously preserved.




279
Tinctura Euphorbii.
[TINCTURE OF EUPHORBIUM].             Euphorbiumtinktur.
It is prepared by digestion from Euphorbium, like Tincture
of Cantharides.
Tincture of Euphorbium has a reddish-yellow color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Ferri acetici aetherea.
[ETHEREAL TINCTURE OF ACETATE OF IRON].  Aetherische
essigsaure Eisentinktur.
Take of Solution of Acetate of Iron nine parts,..   9
Alcohol two parts,......   2
Acetic Ether one part.....   1
Mix them.
The Tincture has a brown color.
It contains six per cent. of Iron.
Tinctura Ferri chlorati.
[TINCTURE OF PROTOCHLORIDE OF IRON]. Chloreisentinktur.
Take of Protochloride of Iron, recently prepared, twentyfive parts........  25
Dissolve it in
Diluted Alcohol two hundred and twenty-five
parts,........ 225
add of
Pure Hydrochloric Acid one part,...   1
mix and filter.
The Tincture is clear, with a yellowish-green color.
It should be preserved in rather small, well-closed bottles.




280
Tinctura Ferri chlorati aetherea.
[ETHEREAL TINCTURE OF CHLORIDE OF IRON]. Aetherische
Chloreisentinktur.
Spiritus lPerri chlorati cathereus. Liquor anodynus martiatus.
In place of Tincttura tonico-nervina Bestuscheffii.
Take of Solution of Sesquichloride of Iron one part,.   1
Spirit of Ether fburteen parts..              14
Mix and expose the liquid to the rays of the sun in wellclosed, cylindrical bottles, until the brown-yellow color has
wholly disappeared; then set aside in a shady place, opening
the bottles occasionally, until the mixture has assumed a yellowish or brownish-yellow color.
The Tincture is clear, with a yellowish or brownish-yellow
color. It contains one per cent. of Iron.
It should be preserved in well-closed glass-stoppered bottles.
Tinctura Ferri pomata.
[TINCTURE OF FERRATED EXTRACT OF APPLES].  Aepfelsaure Eisentinktur.
Take of Ferrated Extract of Apples one part..   1
Dissolve it in
Spirituous Cinnamon Water nine parts,.   9
and filter.
The Tincture has a brownish-black color.
Tinctura Formicarum.
[TINCTURE OF ANTS].                      Ameisentinktur.
Take of Ants, freshly collected, freed from impurities,
and bruised, two parts,.....   2
Alcohol three parts.......   3
Prepare the Tincture by digestion.
It has a brown color.




281
Tinctura Gallarum.
[TINCTURE OF NUTGALL].                  Gallaipfeltinktur.
Take of Nutgall, coarsely powdered, one part,..   1
Diluted Alcohol five parts.....   5
The tincture is prepared by digestion.
Tincture of Nutgall has a yellowish-brown color.
Tinctura Gentianae.
[TINCTURE OF GENTIAN].                    Enziantinktur.
It is prepared from Gentian Root, like Tincture of Wormwood.
Tincture of Gentian has a brownish-red color.
Tinctura Guajaci.
[TINCTURE OF GUAIAC].                    Guajaktinktur.
It is prepared from Guaiac, like Tincture of Aloes.
Tincture of Guaiac has a dark red-brown color.
Tinctura Guajaci ammoniata.
[AMMONIATED TINCTURE OF GUAIAC]. Ammoniakalische
Guajaktinktur.
Take of Guaiac, powered, three parts,....   3
Alcohol ten parts,......  10
Water of Ammonia five parts....   5
Prepare the tincture by maceration.
It has a greenish-brown color.
24*




282
Tinctura Hellebori viridis.
[TINCTURE OF EUROPEAN GREEN HELLEBORE]. Nieswurzeltinktur.
It is prepared from European Green Hellebore, like Tincture of Aconite Root.
The Tincture has a yellowish-brown color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Iodi.
[TINCTURE OF IODINE].                         Jodtinktur.
Take of Iodine one part........   1
Dissolve it in
Alcohol ten parts......  10
Pour off the clear liquid front the sediment.
Tincture of Iodine has a dark red-brown color.
It should be cautiously preserved in a glass-stoppered bottle.
Tinctura Iodi decolorata.
[COLORLESS TINCTURE OF IODINE]. Farblose Jodtinktur.
Take of Iodine,........  10
Hyposulphite of Sodium,.....  10
Distilled Water, each, ten parts...     10
Digest at a gentle heat, and shake occasionally, until
solution is effected; then add of
Spirit of Ammonia sixteen parts,...  16
shake for a few minutes, and add of
Alcohol seventy-five parts.....  75
Let the mixture stand for three days in a cool place, then
filter.
It forms a clear, colorless liquid, having a peculiar and feebly ammoniacal odor, and a specific gravity of between 0.940
and 0.945.
It should be cautiously preserved.




283
Tinctura Ipecacuanhae.
[TINCTURE OF IPECACUANHA].          Ipecacuanhatinktur.
It is prepared from Ipecacuanha, like Tincture of Aconite
Root.
The Tincture has a reddish-brown color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Kino.
[TINCTURE OF KINO].                         Kinotinktur.
Take of Kino, powdered, one part,....   1
Alcohol five parts.......   5
Prepare the tincture by maceration.
Tincture of Kino has a dark red-brown color.
Tinctura Lobeliae.
[TINCTURE OF LOBELIA].                   Lobeliatinktur.
It is prepared from Lobelia, like Tincture of Aconite Root.
The Tincture has a brownish-green color.
Tinctura Macidis.
[TINCTURE OF MACE].                        Macistinktur.
It is prepared from Mace, like Tincture of Aloes.
Tincture of Mace has a reddish-yellow color.
Tinctura Moschi.
[TINCTURE OF MUSK].                     Moschustinktur.
Take of Musk one part..                              1
Triturate it intimately in a mortar with
Distilled Water twenty-five parts,..    25
add of
Diluted Alcohol twenty-five parts;...  25
then prepare the tincture by maceration.
Tincture of Musk has a reddish-brown color.




284
Tinctura Myrrhae.
[TINCTURE OF MYRRH].                     Myrrhentinktur.
It is prepared from coarsely powdered Myrrh, like Tincture
of Aloes.
Tincture of Myrrh has a brown reddish-yellow color.
Tinctura Opii benzoica.
[CAMPHORATED TINCTURE OF OPIUM]. Benzoeisaiurehaltige
Opiurntinktur.
[Paregoric -Elixir]. Eliair paregoricum.
Take of Opium, powdered, one part,....   1
Sublimed Benzoic Acid four parts,...   4
Camphor,........   2
Oil of Anise, each, two parts,....   2
Diluted Alcohol one hundred and ninety-two
parts.........   192
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
It has a yellow-brownish color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
REMARK.- Two hundred parts..... 200
of the Tincture contain the soluble portion of one part    1
of powdered Opium.
Tinctura Opii crocata.
[TINCTURE OF OPIUM  AND SAFFRON].           Safranhaltige
Opiumtinktur.
[Sydenham's Laudanum]. Laudanum liquidum Sydenhami.
Take of Opium, powdered, sixteen parts,...  16
Saffron six parts,......   6
Cloves, powdered,......   1
Cassia Bark, powdered, each, one part,..   1
Sherry Wine, one hundred and fifty-two parts.. 152
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
It has a dark saffron-brownish color, and a specific
gravity of from 1.018 to 1.022.
It should be cautiously preserved.
REMARK.- Ten parts.                                10
of the Tincture contain the soluble portion of one part    1
of powdered Opium.




285
Tinctura Opii simplex.
[TINCTURE OF OPIUM].              Einfache Opiumtinktur.
[Laudanum]. Tinctura Thebaica. Tlinctura Meconii.
Take of Opium, powdered, four parts,....   4
Diluted Alcohol,......  19
Distilled Water, each, nineteen parts...  19
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
It has a dark reddish-brown color, and a specific
gravity of from 0.978 to 0.982.
It should be cautiously preserved.
REMARK.- Ten parts..                              10
of the Tincture contain the soluble portion of one part    1
of powdered Opium.
Tinctura Pimpinellae.
[TINCTURE OF PIMPINEL].                  Pimpinelltinktur.
It is prepared from  Radix Pimpinella, like Tincture of
Wormwood.
The Tincture has a brownish-yellow color.
Tinctura Pini composita.
[TINCTURE OF WOODS].                          Holztinktur.
Tinctura Lignorurn.
Take of young Pine-shoots (Turiones Pini), cut, three
parts,........    3
Guaiac Wood, rasped, two parts,...   2
Sassafras Wood, rasped,.....   1
Juniper Berries, bruised, each, one part,.   1
Diluted Alcohol thirty-six parts....  36
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
It has a brown color.




286
Tinctura Ratanhae.
[TINCTURE OF RHATANY].                  Ratanhatinktur.
It is prepared from Rhatany Root, like Tincture of Wormwood.
Tincture of Rhatany has a dark red-brown color.
Tinctura Resina Jalapae.
[TINCTURE OF RESIN OF JALAP].       Jalapenharztinktur.
It is prepared from Resin of Jalap, like Tincture of Cantharides.
The Tincture has a brownish color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Rhei aquosa.
[AQUEOUS TINCTURE OF RHUBARB]. Wissrige Rhabarbertin ktur.
Take of Rhubarb, cut, one hundred parts,... 100
Borax, powdered,......  10
Pure Carbonate of Potassium, each, ten parts.. 10
Pour upon them
Boiling Distilled Water eight hundred and fifty
parts,........   850
set aside for a quarter of an hour, then add of
Alcohol one hundred parts,..... 100
mix, and set aside again for one hour and a quarter.
Express gently, and to the filtered liquid add of
Cinnamon Water one hundred and fifty parts.. 150
The Tincture is clear, with a red-brown color, and an odor
of Rhubarb.




287
Tinctura Rhei vinosa.
[VINOUS TINCTURE OF RHUBARB]. Weinige Rhabarbertinktur.
In place of Tinctura Rhei Daretii.
Take of Rhubarb, finely cut, eight parts,...   8
Orange Peel, cut, two parts,....   2
Small Cardamoms, powdered, one part,..   1
Sherry Wine one hundred parts..              100
Prepare the tincture by digestion, filter, and dissolve
in it
White Sugar, powdered, twelve parts...  12
The Tincture has a yellowish-brown color.
Tinctura Scillae.
[TINCTURE OF SQUILL].               Meerzwiebeltinktur.
It is prepared from dried Squill, like Tincture of Wormwood.
Tincture of Squill has a yellow color.
Tinctura Scillae kalina.
[ALKALINE TINCTURE OF SQUILL]. Kalihaltige Meerzwiebeltinktur.
Take of Squill, dried, eight parts,....   8
Caustic Potassa one part,.....   1
Diluted Alcohol fifty parts.                  50
Prepare the tincture by maceration.
It has a brownish color.
Tinctura Secalis cornuti.
[TINCTURE OF ERGOT].                 Mutterkorntinktur.
It is prepared from powdered Ergot, like Tincture of Aconite Root.
Tincture of Ergot has a brownish-red color.




288
Tinctura Spilanthis composita.
[TINCTURE OF SPILANTHUS].                     Paratinktur.
[Paraguay -Roux].
Take of Spear-leaved Spilanthus, dried and coarsely
powdered,.......   2
Pellitory Root, coarsely powdered, each, two
parts,........    2
Diluted Alcohol ten parts.                      10
Prepare the tincture by digestion.
It has a greenish-brown color.
Tinctura Stramonii.
[TINCTURE OF STRAMONIUM].         Stechapfelsamentinktur.
It is prepared from coarsely powdered Stramonium Seeds,
like Tincture of Aconite Root.
The Tincture has a brownish-yellow color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Strychni.
[TINCTURE OF NUX VOMICA].            Kriahenaugentinktur.
Strychnostinktur.
It is prepared from Nux Vomica, like Tincture of Aconite
Root.
Tincture of Nux Vomica has a yellow color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Strychni aetherea.
[ETHEREAL TINCTURE OF NUX VOMICA].   Aetherische
Krah enaugentin ktur.
Aetherische Strychnostinktur.
Take of Nux Vomica, coarsely powdered, one part,         1
Spirit of Ether ten parts.....  10
Prepare the tincture by maceration.
It has a yellowish color.
It should be cautiously preserved.




289
Tinctura Thujae.
[TINCTURE OF ARBOR VITE].          Lebensbaumtinktur.
Tinctura Thujce occidentalis.
It is prepared from the fresh Leaves of Arbor Vitse (Thuja
occidentalis) like tincture of Belladonna.
The Tincture has a greenish-yellow color.
Tinctura Toxicodendri.
[TINCTURE OF POISON OAK].           Giftsumachtinktur.
It is prepared from the fresh Leaves of Poison Oak, like
Tincture of Belladonna.
The Tincture has a yellowish-green color.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Tinctura Valerianae.
[TINCTURE OF VALERIAN].                Baldriantinktur.
It is prepared from finely cut Valerian Root, like Tincture
of Wormwood.
Tincture of Valerian has a brown color.
Tinctura Valerianae aetherea.
[ETHEREAL TINCTURE OF VALERIAN].           Aetherische
Baldriantinktur.
Take of Valerian Root, coarsely powdered, one part,.   1
Spirit of Etherfiveparts......   5
Prepare the tincture by maceration.
It has a yellow color which assumes a brownish tint by age.
Tinctura Vanillae.
[TINCTURE OF VANILLA].                 Vanillentinktur.
It is prepared by maceration from Vanilla, like Tincture
of Wormwood.
Tincture of Vanilla has a reddish-brown color.
25




290
Tinctura Zingiberis.
[TINCTURE OF GINGER].                     Ingwertinktur.
It is prepared from coarsely powdered Ginger, like Tincture
of Wormwood.
Tragacantha.
[TRAGACANTH].                                  Traganth.
[Gum Dragon]. Gummi Tragacantha.
Astragalus Creticus Larnark, and of other species of Astragalus.
It occurs in thin, flat, roundish pieces, which are spirally
twisted, or more or less tortuous; curved like a sickle, and
traversed by semi-circular, concentric, striated elevations;
or in thin, filiform, somewhat cochleate-twisted pieces, traversed by smaller concentric, striated elevations. Tragacanth
is a tough, white, or yellowish-white, almost translucent, inodorous substance, horny, and difficult of pulverization. It
swells up when macerated in cold water, and yields a thick
mucilage with boiling water.
Trochisci.
[TROCLEs].                                      Pastillen.
[Joz eng es].
Troches are to be prepared by adding the whole amount
of the intended medicinal substance to sugar, which has been
previously moistened with diluted alcohol; or it is mixed
with a cacao-mass, softened by heat. The mass is well worked,
spread out by means of a roller, and then properly divided
into troches, each containing a definite quantity of the medicinal substance. The amount of sugar or cacao-mass must
be so regulated that each troche shall weigh one gramme.
Trochisci Ipecacuanhae.
[TROCHES OF IPECACUANHA].          Brechwurzelpastillen.
Take of Ipecacuanha, bruised, two parts,...   2
Hot Common Water ten parts,...         10
set aside, in a warm  place, for several hours, then strain.
lMix the filtered liquid with
White Sugar, powdered, a sufficient quantity
to make the mass amount to four hundred parts,.. 400
from which prepare troches, each weighing one gramme.
Each troche contains the soluble portion of five milligrammes (0.005) of Ipecacuanha.




291
Trochisci Magnesia uste.
[TROCHES OF MAGNESIA].              Magnesiapastillen.
They are prepared with Magnesia and Cacao-mass, so that
each troche shall contain one decigramme (0.1) of Magnesia.
Trochisci Morphini acetici.
[TROCHES OF ACETATE OF MORPHIA].   Morphinpastillen.
They are prepared with Acetate of Morphia and White
Sugar, so that each troche shall contain five milligrammes
(0.005) of Acetate of Morphia.
Trochisci Natri bicarbonici.
[TROCHES OF BICARBONATE OF SODIUM].  Natronpastillen.
Take of White Sugar, powdered, eighteen parts,..  18
Bicarbonate of Sodium, powdered, two parts..   2
Mix, and with alcohol form a mass, which divide into
troches, each weighing one gramme.
Trochisci Santonini.
[TROCHES OF SANTONIN].               Santoninpastillen.
They are prepared with Santonin and Cacao-mass of two
degrees of strength, so that each troche of one kind shall
contain five centigrammes (0.05), and each troche of the
other kind twenty-five milligrammes (0.025) of Santonin.
Each kind must be kept in a separate vessel.
Tubera Aconiti.
[ACONITE ROOT OR TUBER].             Eisenhutknollen.
Aconitum Napellus, Linn.
The roots (tubers) are conical, with the broad part at the
top, where each is provided with the remains of a stem, or




292
bud [of the incipient stem]. They are frequently united in
pairs; in such cases they are of different age. When dry
the roots are hard, from five to eight centimetres in length,
two to three centimetres in thickness at their upper extremity.
The root of the present (one) year's growth is heavy, compact, and whitish internally; that of the last (two) year's
growth is light in weight, brownish internally, and often hollow. Roots of both ages are brown externally, furrowed,
and somewhat marked with scars where the rootlets have
been cut off. On the cross section of the root is seen the
thick and dotted bark, separated from the wide (large) stellately circumscribed pith by the very thin, darker-colored,
circular, stellated woody part, which is marked with seven or
eight very prominent rays.
The roots of Aconitum CammarumJacquin, should be rejected.
They are smaller than those of Aconitum Napellus; they are
about two centimetres long, and about twelve millimetres
thick at the top, and have an unequally stellated wood and
pith, and are marked with but slightly prominent rays. The
roots of Aconitum Stoerkianum Reichenbach, should also be
rejected; a number of them are generally united. They are
much larger, their wood and pith are not stellated, but obtuseor roundish-angled.
The roots of the wild-growing plant should be collected;
they must be cautiously preserved.
Tubera Jalapae.
[JALAP].                                 Jalapenknollen.
[Jalap Root or Tuber]. Radix JTalapae.
Convolvulus Purga Wenderoth, (Ipomcea Purga Rayne).
The tubers are globular, pear-shaped, or oblong, of various
sizes, and are either entire or divided. They are compact
and heavy; externally wrinkled, and of a brown color; covered in the depressions of the wrinkles with a blackish resin.
Internally of a light-brown color, and marked with numerous
darker-colored concentric zones, which contain shining resiniferous cells.
Jalap should be cautiously preserved. The powder should
contain at least ten per cent. of resin.




293
Tubera Salep.
[SALEP].                                           Salep.
Radix SaZep.
Orchis Morio Linn, and of other species of Orehis.
The tubers are irregularly ovate, or oblong, rarely palmate;
from one to two and a half centimetres in length, somewhat
translucent, of a horny consistence, and of a dirty-white or
whitish light-brown color. Powdered Salep yields a mucilage
with water.
Care should be taken that the tubers are not mixed with
colchicum root.
Turiones Pini.
[YOUNG PINE-SHOOTS].                    Fichtensprossen.
[Pine Buds]. Gemmce Pini.
Pinus silvestris Linn.
Cylindrical shoots [of the branches], upwards of five centimetres in length; they are glutinous when fresh, owing to
a resinous exudation. The axis is green, closely imbricated,
with numerous narrow scarious, rusty-colored scales, each of
which supports and incloses a small pair of rudimental leaves,
which are surrounded by a transparent sheath. They have a
strong balsamic-resinous odor, and a bitterish-resinous taste.
They should be collected in the beginning of spring, upon
a clear day, quickly dried, and preserved in closed vessels,
but not kept longer than a year.
Unguentum acre.
[ACRID OINTMENT].              Scharfe Salbe.  Hufsalbe.
Take of Yellow Wax fifteen parts,.                    15
Resin thirty parts,......  30
Turpentine sixty parts,..               60
Lard two hundred and fifty parts...   250
Melt them together, add of
Cantharides, in fine powder, fifty parts,..  50
Euphorbium, in fine powder, ten parts,..  10
and mix.
The Ointment has a greenish-brown color.
25*




294
Unguentum  arsenicale Hellmundi.
[HELLMUND'S ARSENICAL OINTMENT].          Hellmund'sche
Arseniksalbe.
Take of Arsenical Powder of Come one part,..   1
Hellmund's Narcotic-balsamic Ointment eight
parts........    8
Mix them very thoroughly.
The Ointment has a grayish-brown color.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum basilicum.
[BASILICON OINTMENT].                      IKinigssalbe.
Take of Common Olive Oil six parts,....   6
Yellow Wax,.......   2
Resin,........   2
Suet, each, two parts,.....        2
Turpentine one part.......   1
Melt them with a gentle heat, and strain.
It has a yellowish-brown color.
Unguentum Belladonnae.
[OINTMENT OF BELLADONNA].              Tollkirschensalbe.
Take of Extract of Belladonna one part,...   1
Wax Ointment nine parts..                      9
Mix them very thoroughly.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum Cantharidum.
[CANTHARIDES OINTMENT].             Spanischfiiegensalbe.
JUnguentum irritans. In place of Unguentum ad Lonticulos.
Take of Cantharides, bruised, one part,....   1
Provence Olive Oilfourparts..... 4
Digest them in a steam-bath for twelve hours.
Express when cold, filter and add of
Yellow Wax two parts,.....   2
Melt them with a gentle heat, and stir constantly while
cooling.
A greenish Ointment.




295
Unguentum cereum.
[WAX OINTMENT].                            Wachssalbe.
Take of Provence Olive Oil five parts,....   5
Yellow Wax two parts.....   2
Melt them by means of a steam-bath, and stir while cooling.
Wax Ointment has a yellow color.
Unguentum Cerussae.
[OINTMENT OF WHITE LEAD].                Bleiweisssalbe.
[Ointment of Carbonate of Lead].  Unguentum Plumbi subCarbonfci.
Unguentum Plumbi hydrico-carbonici. Unguentum album slmplex.
Take of Lard two parts,.......   2
White Lead, in very fine powder, one part.    1
Mix them very thoroughly.
A very white Ointment.
Unguentum Cerussae camphoratum.
[CAMPHORATED OINTMENT OF WHITE LEAD].  Bleiweisssalbe mit Kampfer.
Take of Camphor, powdered, five parts,...   5
Ointment of White Lead one hundred parts.. 100
Mix very thoroughly.
A very white Ointment.
Unguentum Conii.
[CONIUM OINTMENT].                     Schierlingssalbe.
Take of Extract of Conium one part,....   1
Wax Ointment nine parts..                     9
Mix them very thoroughly.
The Ointment is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.




296
Unguentum diachylon Hebrae.
[HEBRA'S OINTMENT OF LEAD].    IIebra'sche Bleisalbe.
Take of Lead Plaster,.......   1
Flaxseed Oil, each, one part...      1
Mix them properly at a gentle heat.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum Digitalis.
[OINTMENT OF DIGITALIS].                 Fingerhutsalbe.
Take of Extract of Digitalis one part,...      1
Wax Ointment nine parts.....   9
Mix them very thoroughly.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum Elemi.
[OINTMENT OF ELEMI].                        Elemisalbe.
Balsamum Arcaei.
Take of Elemi,
Venice Turpentine,
Suet,
Lard, each, equal parts.
Melt them by means of a steam-bath, and strain.
Ointment of Elemi has a greenish-gray or yellowish color.
Unguentum flaium.
[YELLOW  OINTMENT].                         Altheesalbe.
In place of Unguentum Althae. [Marshmallow Ointment].
Take of Turmeric, powdered, ten parts,.              10
Lard five hundred parts.                     500
Digest for half an hour, in a steam-bath, then add of
Yellow Wax,.......  30
Burgundy Pitch, each, thirty parts....  30
Melt them together and strain.
The Ointment has a yellow color.




297
Unguentum Glycerini.
[GLYCERIN OINTMENT].                       Glycerinsalbe.
Take of Wheat Starch two parts,.....   2
Triturate it with
Distilled Water one part,.....   1
and add of
Glycerin ten parts.......  10
Heat them by means of a steam-bath, until they are converted into a translucent, uniform mass.
Unguentum Hydrargyri cinereum.
[MERCURIAL OINTMENT].            Graue Quecksilbersalbe.
Unguentum Neapolitanum.
Take of Purified Mercury'six parts,....   6
Old Mercurial Ointment one part....   1
Rub them sedulously together, until the globules cease
to be visible; then mix with
Suet four parts,.                              4
Lard eight parts,...   8
which were previously melted and allowed to cool.
Mercurial Ointment has a bluish-gray color. No globules
of mercury can be detected in it by the naked eye.
Unguentum Hydrargyri praecipitati albi.
[OINTMENT OF AMMONIATED MERCURY].  Weisse Quecksilbersalbe.
Tnguentum Hydrargyri amidato-bichlorati.
Take of Ammoniated Mercury one part,...   1
Lard nine parts..                              9
Mix them very thoroughly.
A very white ointment.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.




298
Unguentum Hydrargyri rubrum.
[OINTMENT OF RED OXIDE OF MERCURY].              Rothe
Quecksilbersalbe.
Take of Red Oxide of Mercury one part,...   1
Lard nine parts.......   9
Mix them very thoroughly.
A red ointment.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum Hyoscyami.
[OINTMENT OF HYOSCYAMUS].             Bilsenkrautsalbe.
Take of Extract of Hyoscyamus one part,...   1
Wax Ointment nine parts...... 9
Mix very thoroughly.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum Kalii iodati.
[OINTMENT OF IODIDE OF POTASSIUM].   Jodkaliumsalbe.
Take of Iodide of Potassium twenty parts,...  20
Hyposulphite of Sodium one part...   1
Dissolve, by rubbing them together, in
Distilled Water fifteen parts,...   15
and mix with
Lard one hundred and sixty-five parts... 165
It forms a very white Ointment.
Unguentum leniens.
[COLI CREAM].                              Cold-Cream.
Take of White Wax four parts,.....   4
Spermaceti five parts,..                   5
Expressed Oil of Almonds thirty-two parts..    32
Melt them in a steam-bath, and when cool, while constantly stirring, gradually add of
Rose Water sixteen parts.....  16
To each fifty grammes of the ointment mix
Oil of Rose one drop.
Cold Cream is a soft and very white ointment.




299
Unguentum Linariae.
[OINTMENT OF TOAD-FLAX].                Leinkrautsalbe.
Take of Common Toad-Flax, cut, two parts.... 2
Sprinkle it with
Alcohol one part.......   1
Let it stand for several hours in a warm place; then
add of
Lard ten parts,.                            10
digest in a steam-bath until the alcohol is entirely dissipated,
then express and strain.
The Ointment has a greenish color.
Unguentum Majoranse.
[OINTMENT OF SWEET MARJORAM].             Meiransalbe.
It is prepared from Sweet Marjoram, like Ointment of
Toad-Flax.
The Ointment has a green color.
Unguentum Mezerei.
[MEZEREON OINTMENT].                    Seidelbastsalbe.
Take of Extract of Mezereon one part,....   1
Wax Ointment nine parts.....   9
Mix very thoroughly.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum narcotico-balsamicum Hellmundi.
[HELLMUND'S NARCOTIC-BALSAMIC OINTMENT]. Hellmind's
narkotisch-balsamische Salbe.
Take of Acetate of Lead, very finely triturated, ten parts,  10
Extract of Conium thirty parts....  30
Mix very thoroughly, and add of
Wax Ointment two hundred and forty parts,. 240
Balsam of Peru thirty parts,....  30
Tincture of Opium and Saffron five parts..   5
It forms a brownish Ointment.




300
Unguentum ophthalmicum.
[EYE-SALVE].                                Augensalbe.
Take of Expressed Oil of Almonds thirty parts,..  30
Yellow Wax nineteen parts....  19
Melt, and when cool add of
Red Oxide of Mercury one part,...   1
and mix.
It forms a reddish Ointment.
Unguentum ophthalmicum compositum.
[COMPOUND EYE-SALVE]. Zusammengesetzte rothe Augensalbe.
TJnguentum ophthalmicum St. Yves.
Take of Lard one hundred and forty parts,... 140
Yellow Wax twenty-four parts,.               24
Red Oxide of Mercury fifteen parts,..     15
Pure Oxide of Zinc six parts....   6
Mix, and add of
Camphor five parts,......   5
previously dissolved in
Expressed Oil of Almonds ten parts...  10
It forms a yellowish-red Ointment.
Unguentum opiatum.
[OPIUM OINTMENT].                           Opiumsalbe.
Take of Extract of Opium,......   1
Distilled Water, each, one part...1
Rub them together, and mix very thoroughly with
Wax Ointment eighteen parts....  18
The Ointment is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.




301
Unguentum oxygenatum.
[OXYGENATED OINTMENT].                 Oxygenirte Salbe.
Take of Lard fifty parts....... 50
Melt it in a porcelain vessel, and add of
Pure Nitric Acid three parts....   3
Heat them with a gentle heat, stirring constantly with a
glass rod, until the mixture no longer reddens blue test-paper.
Then pour the mass into paper capsules, and preserve the
cold ointment in a closed vessel.
It has the consistence of a cerate, a yellowish color, and
an odor as if it were rancid.
Unguentum Plumbi.
[OINTMENT OF SUBACETATE OF LEAD].              Bleisalbe.
Bleicerat.
Take of Yellow Wax eight parts,.....   8
Lard twenty-nine parts..                   29
Melt them  in a steam  bath, and mix the partially
cooled mass with
Solution of Subacetate of Lead three parts,. 3
and stir while cooling.
The Ointment has a yellowish color.
Unguentum Plumbi tannici.
[OINTMENT OF TANNATE OF LEAD]. Gerbsaure Bleisalbe.
Unguentum ad Decubitum.
Take of Oak Bark, cut, sixteen parts,....  16
Distilled Water eighty parts,....  80
digest for two hours in a steam-bath, and express.
To the strained liquid, while stirring constantly,
add of,
Solution of Subacetate of Lead eight parts..   8
Collect the resulting precipitate on a filter, and express it gently between folds of bibulous paper, so that
the weight of the moist pulp shall be eight parts,..   8
and mix it thoroughly with
Glycerin Ointment five parts..
It should be preserved in a cool place.
The Ointment has a reddish-brown color.
26




302
Unguentum Populi.
[OINTMENT OF POPLAR-BUDS].                   Pappelsalbe.
Pappelpomade. UTnguentum  Populeum.
Take of Fresh Poplar-buds, bruised, one part,..   1
Lard two parts..                               2
Boil with a moderate heat, until all moisture is dissipated;
then express and strain.
The Ointment has a greenish color.
Unguentum  rosatum.
[ROSE OINTMENT].                              Rosensalbe.
Take of Lard fifty parts,.......  50
White Wax ten parts...                  10
Melt by means of a steam-bath, and mix the partially cooled mass with
Rose Water five parts.....   5
Rose Ointment is very white.
Unguentum  Rosmarini compositum.
[COMPOUND ROSEMARY OINTMENT].             Rosmarinsalbe.
[Nerve Ointment]. Nervensalbe. Ulnguentum nervinum.
Take of Lard sixteen parts,......  16
Suet eight parts,.......   8
Yellow Wax,..   2
Expressed Oil of Nutmeg, each, two parts.       2
Melt by means of a steam-bath, and mix with the
partially cooled mass
Oil of Rosemary,......   1
Oil of Juniper Berries, each, one part...   1
The Ointment has a yellowish color.
Unguentum Sabinae.
[SAVINE OINTMENT].                        Sadebaumsalbe.
It is prepared from Extract of Savine, like Ointment of
Belladonna.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.




303
Unguentum Sulfuratum compositum.
[COMPOUND SULPHUR OINTMENT].    Zusammengesetzte
Schwefelsalbe.
Take of Washed Sulphur,...                    1
Sulphate of Zinc, powdered, each, one part,.   1
Lard, eight parts......   8
Mix them.
The Ointment has a lemon-yellow color.
Unguentum Sulfuratum simplex.
[SULPHUR OINTMENT].                       Schwefelsalbe.
Take of Washed Sulphur one part,.....   1
Lard two parts.......   2
Mix them.
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum  Tartari stibiati.
[ANTIMONIAL OINTMENT].                     Pockensalbe.
[Tartar EJmetic Ointment].
LUnguentum stibiatutm. Unguentum Stibio-Kali fartariei.
Take of Tartar Emetic two parts...2
Rub it into a very fine powder, and mix thoroughly
with
Lard eight parts.......   8
It is prepared only when wanted for dispensing.
Unguentum Terebinthinae.
[TURPENTINE OINTMENT].                  Terpenthinsalbe.
Take of Turpentine,.......   1
Yellow Wax, each, one part....       1
Melt them with a gentle heat; mix with
Oil of Turpentine one part,....   1
and stir while cooling.
Turpentine Ointment is somewhat soft, and has a yellowish
color.




304
Unguentum Terebinthinae compositum.
[COMPOUND TURPENTINE OINTMENT]. Zusammengesetzte
Terpenthinsalbe.
Unguentum digestivum.
Take of Venice Turpentine thirty-two parts,...  32
Yolk of Egg four parts.....   4
Stir them thoroughly together; then triturate with
Myrrh, powdered,......   1
Aloes, powdered, each, one part,...   1
Province Olive Oil eight parts.....   8
The Ointment is soft, and has a tawny chestnut-brown color.
Unguentum Zinci.
[OINTMENT OF OXIDE OF ZINC].                  Zinksalbe.
Take of Commercial Oxide of Zinc one part,..   1
Rose Ointment nine parts......   9
Mix them very thoroughly.
The Ointment is very white.
Vanilla Saccharata.
[SACCHARATED VANILLA].                  Vanillenzucker.
Take of Vanilla, finely cut, one part,.... 
White Sugar nine parts....         9
Rub them together until they are mixed and converted
into a whitish-gray powder.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Veratrinum.
[VERATRIA].                                    Veratrin.
A whitish powder, which readily conglomerates, and is
sometimes crystilline. It has an alkaline reaction, and an
acrid taste devoid of bitterness; but, even in the most minute
quantity, producing violent sneezing. Scarcely soluble in
cold or hot water; completely soluble in three parts of alco



305
hol; also soluble in ether and diluted acids. It chars by a
somewhat strong heat, and finally burns away at a red heat,
leaving no residue. The acidulated aqueous solution, on the
addition of solution of caustic potassa, yields a white precipitate, which is insoluble in an excess of the alkaline solution,
but dissolves readily. in alcohol, ether, or chloroform.  Its
alcoholic solution yields no precipitate with bichloride of
platinum. Veratria forms, with concentrated hydrochloric
acid, a cherry-red solution upon the application of heat.
When mixed with sulphuric acid, it at first assumes a yellow
color, which changes by a gentle heat to a scarlet, and finally
to a violet color.
It should be very cautiously preserved.
Vinum.
[WINE*].                                               Wein.
Vitis vinifera Linn.
For pharmaceutical purposes are used:
Genuine White Wine, Vinum generosum album;
Genuine Red Wine, Vinum generosum rubrum;
Sherry Wine, Vinum Xerense.
Vinum aromaticum.
[AROMATIC WINE].                       Aromatischer Wein.
Take of Aromatic Spices two parts,....   2
White Arquebusade five parts,....    5
Genuine Red Wine sixteen parts...  16
Macerate for eight days, then express and filter.
Aromatic Wine is clear, with a reddish-brown color.
* Dr. Hager, in his Commentary on the Phar. Germanica, puts the percentage, by
volume, of alcohol of the respective wines as follows: White and Red (French) Wines,
from 10 to 12 per cent.; Sherry, from 16 to 20 per cent.; and Hock (Rhine Wine), from 8
to 10 per cent.
26*




306
Vinum camphoratum.
[WVINE OF CAMPHOR].                       Kampferwein.
Take of Camphor, powdered,......   1
Gum Arabic, finely powdered, each, one part..   1
Mix by rubbing them intimately together, and, while
constantly stirring,'add of
Genuine White Wine forty-eight parts...  48
It forms a whitish-turbid liquid.
Vinum Chinae.
[WINE OF CINCHONA].                          Chinawein.
Take of Calisaya Bark five parts,...   5
Genuine Red Wine one hundred parts... 100
Macerate for eight dars, then express and filter.
Wine of Cinchona has a red color, and a bitter taste.
Vinum Colchici.
[WINE OF COLCHICUM SEEDS].          Zeitlosensamenwein.
Take of Colchicum Seeds, coarsely powdered, one part,    1
Sherry Wine ten parts.....  10
Macerate for eight days, then express and filter.
Wine of Colchicum Seeds has a yellowish-brown color.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Vinum Ipecacuanhae.
[WINE OF IPECACUANHA].                Brechwurzelwein.
Take of Ipecacuanha, coarsely powdered, one part,.   1
Sherry Wine ten parts.....  10
Macerate for eight days, then express and filter.
It is clear, with a yellowish-brown color.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.




307
Vinum Pepsini.
[WINE OF PEPSINE].                           Pepsinwein.
Vinum pepticum. Essentia Pepsini.
Take the stomach of a hog, or the fourth stomach
(abomasus) of an ox. Turn it inside out, and having
freed it from the undigested matter, wash it with cold
water; then strongly scrape off, by means of a bone
spatula, the peptic mucus from the mucous membrane.
Mix carefully one hundred parts..... 100
of this Mucus with
Glycerin fifty parts,.               50
which has been previously diluted with
Distilled Water fifty parts..              50
Introduce the mixture into a capacious flask; add of
Genuine White Wine one thousand parts,.. 1000
Pure Hydrochloric Acid five parts,...   5
and shake briskly. Then macerate, at a temperature not
exceeding 200 C., for three days, shaking frequently, and
finally filter.
Wine of Pepsine is a clear, yellowish liquid, and has a
vinous, somewhat acidulous taste.
Vinum stibiatum.
[ANTIMONIAL WINE].                           Brechwein.
Vinum emeticum. Vinum Stibio-Kali tartarici.
Take of Tartar Emetic one part..... 1
Dissolve it in
Sherry Wine two hundred and fifty parts,.. 250
and filter.
Antimonial Wine is clear, with a brownish-yellow color.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Zincum aceticum.
[ACETATE OF ZINC].                Essigsaures Zinkoxyd.
In colorless, tabular, crystalline scales, soluble in three
parts of cold, and in one part and a half of hot water, also
soluble in alcohol. A slightly acidulous solution affords, with
solution of caustic potassa, a white precipitate, which is redis



308
solved in an excess of the alkaline solution, forming a liquid
which yields again a white precipitate with hydrosulphuric
acid.
The aqueous solution, on the addition of carbonate of ammonium, throws down a precipitate, which is entirely redissolved in an excess of carbonate of ammonium; in this solution
no cloudiness should be produced by a drop of phosphoric
acid.
It should be cautiously preserved.
Zincum chloratum.
[CHLORIDE OF ZINC].                           Chlorzink.
Zincum muriaticum.
A white powder, which readily deliquesces in the air. It
melts when heated, and is dissipated in white fumes, leaving
a residue, which becomes yellow at a red heat. It-is readily
soluble in water, forming a somewhat turbid solution, which
becomes clear on the addition of hydrochloric acid; this solution should not be rendered cloudy on the addition of alcohol.
All the characteristic marks of the purity of chloride of zinc
are similar to those of sulphate of zinc.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Zincum ferrocyanatum.
[FERROCYANIDE OF ZINC].                  Ferrocyanzink.
Take of Ferrocyanide of Potassium six parts..6
Dissolve it in
Distilled Water sixty parts,...      60
and gradually add a solution made of
Sulphate of Zinc eight parts,..   8
Distilled Water one hundred and eighty parts.. 180
Let the mixture stand in a warm place that the precipitate
may fall, and until the supernatant liquid has only an opalescent appearance. Then bring the supernatant liquid on a
filter, and pour that which passes repeatedly back on the filter
until the liquid runs off clear. Finally, transfer the precipitate to the same filter, wash it well with distilled water, and
dry it at a gentle heat.




309
A white powder, insoluble in water, water of ammonia
and diluted acids. When exposed to a red heat it leaves a
residue of an alkaline reaction, which, when dissolved in
hydrochloric acid, throws down a blue precipitate on the
addition of ferrocyanide of potassium.
It should be cautiously preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Zincum lacticum.
[LACTATE OF ZINC].               Milchsaures Zinkoxyd.
In white, shining acicular crystals, or white crystalline
crusts; or in the form of a very white powder. It is soluble
in sixty parts of cold water, and in six parts of boiling water;
insoluble in alcohol.
It must not blacken when concentrated sulphuric acid is
poured upon it. Sixty parts of water should wholly dissolve
one part of lactate of zinc upon the application of a gentle
heat, forming a solution which reddens litmus paper, and has
an acidulous, astringent taste, free from bitterness, and, on
the addition of hydrosulphuric acid, yields a white precipitate; but it must not be rendered turbid by chloride of
barium, nitrate of silver, or acetate of lead. The same solution gives, when mixed with carbonate of ammonium, a white
precipitate, which should be soluble in an excess of the
reagent. The solution thus formed should not become turbid
on the addition of phosphate of sodium, but remain permanently clear.
It should be cautiously preserved in a well-closed vessel.
Zincum oxydatum purum.
[PURE OXIDE OF ZINC].                 Reines Zinkoxyd.
A rather soft powder, becoming yellowish when heated.
Water that has been shaken with oxide of zinc, and filtered,
is not rendered turbid by chloride of barium, or nitrate of
silver, and should leave no residue when evaporated. It dissolves without effervescence in acetic acid, forming a solution
which should not become turbid by water of ammonia in
excess, but the solution yields, on the addition of hydrosulphuric acid, a white precipitate, which is soluble in hydrochloric acid.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.




310
Zincum oxydatum venale.
[COMMERCIAL OXIDE OF ZINC].         Kaiufliches Zinkoxyd.
[Flowers of Zinc]. Zinkweiss. Flores Zinci.
A white powder, becoming yellowish when heated, and dissolving readily and completely in acetic acid.
Dissolved in any diluted acid, on the addition of solution
of caustic potassa, it throws down a white precipitate, which
is entirely soluble in an excess of the alkaline reagent. It is
employed merely in preparing Ointment of Oxide of Zinc,
and for other preparations of zinc.
It should be preserved in well-closed vessels.
Zincum sulfocarbolicum.
[SULPHO-CARBOLATE OF ZINC]. Carbolschwefelsaures- Zinkoxyd.
Phenylschwefelsaures Zinkoxyd. Zincum sulfophenylicum.
In transparent, colorless, rhombic prisms, having but a
feeble odor of carbolic acid, or being entirely without smell,
dissolving readily and wholly in water and alcohol.
The aqueous solution yields a precipitate on the addition
of hydrosulphate of ammonium, and, when mixed with an
excess of the reagent, the filtered liquid, when evaporated,
leaves a residue, which is entirely dissipated by a strong heat.
Its aqueous solution turns violet on the addition of a few
drops of solution of sesquichloride of iron. Sulpho-carbolate
of Zinc contains about fifteen per cent. of oxide of zinc.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.
Zincum sulfuricum.
[SULPHATE OF ZINC].            Schwefelsaures Zinkoxyd.
[Pure White Vitriol]. Reiner weisser'Vitriol. Vitriolum album purum.
In colorless and inodorous, generally prismatic, crystals,
slowly efflorescing in the air. It is soluble in equal parts of
water; scarcely soluble in alcohol.
Its aqueous solution, on the addition of water of ammonia,
yields a precipitate, which is entirely soluble in an excess of
the reagent, and should not be colored when treated with
hydrosulphuric acid.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.




311
Zincum valerianicum.
[VALERIANATE OF ZINC].         Baldriansaures Zinkoxyd.
In small white crystals, of a pearly lustre, having a greasy
feel, and the odor of valerianic acid. It dissolves in ninety
parts of cold, and in a less proportion of hot water; also
soluble in alcohol.
It should yield valerianic acid, when water, mixed with a
few drops of hydrochloric acid, is poured upon it. It is entirely
soluble in an excess of water of ammonia, and the resulting
solution should not be affected by chloride of calcium, nor by
phosphate of sodium.
One hundred parts of Valerianate of Zinc should contain
nearly thirty parts of oxide of zinc.
It should be cautiously preserved in well-closed vessels.








REAGENTS.
Acidum aceticum dilutum: DILUTED ACETIC ACID.
Acidum hydrochloricum: PURE HYDROCHLORIC ACID.
Acidum nitricum: PURE NITRIC ACID.
Acidum oxalicum: OXALIC ACID, dissolved in twenty parts
of Distilled Water.
Acidurn sulfuricum: PURE SULPHURIC ACID.
Aciduml sulfuricum dilutum: DILUTED SULPHURIC ACID.
Acidum tannicum: TANNIC ACID, dissolved in nine parts of
Distilled Water, with one part of Alcohol.
Acidum tartaricurn: TARTARIC ACID, dissolved in five parts
of Distilled Water, when used.
AEther: ETHER.
Ammonium carbonicum: CARBONATE OF AMMONIUM, dissolved in five parts of Distilled Water.
Ammonium chloratum: CHLORIDE OF AMMONIUM, dissolved in ten parts of Distilled Water.
Ammoniurn oxalicum: OXALATE OF AMMONIUM, dissolved
in twenty parts of Distilled Water.
Amylum: STARCH.
Aqua bromata: BROMINE WATER. Bromine is dissolved in
forty parts of Distilled Water.
Aqua Calcarise: LIME WATER.
Aqua chlorata: CHLORINE WATER.
Aqua hydrosulfurata: AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF HYDROSULPH1URIC ACID.
Argentum nitricum: NITRATE OF SILVER, dissolved in twenty
parts of Distilled Water.
27




314
Argentum sulfuricum: SULPHATE OF SILVER, dissolved in
one hundred parts of Distilled Water.
Baryum chloratum: CHLORIDE OF BARIUM, dissolved in ten
parts of Distilled Water.
Baryta nitrica: NITRATE OF BARIUM, dissolved in twenty
parts of Distilled Water.
Benzolum: BENZOL.
Calcaria sulfurica: SULPHATE OF CALCIUM, a saturated
aqueous solution.
Carboneum sulfuratum: BISULPHIDE OF CARBON.
Charta exploratoria coerula: BLUE TEST-PAPER.
Charta exploratoria lutea: YELLOW TEST-PAPER.
Charta exploratoria rubra: RED TEST-PAPER.
Chloroformium: CHLOROFORM.
Cuprum metallicum: METALLIC COPPER.
Cuprum sulfuricum: SULPHATE OF COPPER, dissolved in ten
parts of Distilled Water.
Ferrum sulfuricum crystallisatum: CRYSTALLIZED PROTOSULPHATE OF IRON precipitated with Alcohol.
Ferrum sulfuratum: SULPHURET OF IRON.
Hydrargyrum bichloratum: BICHLORIDE OF MERCURY, dissolved in twenty parts of Distilled Water.
Kali aceticurn: ACETATE OF POTASSIUM, dissolved in Jive
parts of Distilled Water.
Kali bichromicumn: BICHROMATE OF POTASSIUM, dissolved
in ten parts of Distilled Water.
Kali hypermanganicum: PERMANGANATE OF POTASSIUM,
dissolved in ten thousand parts of Distilled Water.
Kali sulfuricum: SULPHATE OF POTASSIUM, dissolved infifteen parts of Distilled Water.
Kalium ferricyanatum: FERRIDCYANIDE OF POTASSIUM, dissolved in ten parts of Distilled Water, when used.




315
Kalium ferrocyanatum: FERROCYANIDE OF POTASSIUM, dissolved in ten parts of Distilled Water.
Kalium iodatum: IODIDE OF POTASSIUM, dissolved in twenty
parts of Distilled Water.
Kalium sulfocyanatum: SULPHOCYANIDE OF POTASSIUM,
dissolved in twenty parts of Distilled Water.
Liquor Ammonii caustici: WATER OF AMMONIA.
Liquor Ammonii sulfurati: SOLUTION OF HYDROSULPHATE
OF AMMONIUM.
Liquor Ferri sesquichlorati: SOLUTION OF SESQUICHLORIDE
OF IRON, diluted with Jive parts of Distilled Water.
Liquor Natri caustici: SOLUTION OF CAUSTIC SODA, diluted
with two parts of Distilled Water.
Magnesia sulfurica: SULPHATE OF MAGNESIUM, dissolved in
ten parts of Distilled Water.
Natrum carbonicum: CARBONATE OF SODIUM, dissolved in
ten parts of Distilled Water.
Natrum phosphoricum: PHOSPHATE OF SODIUM, dissolved
in ten parts of Distilled Water.
Natrum  subsulfurosum: HYPOSULPHITE OF SODIUM, dissolved in ten parts of Distilled Water.
Platinum bichloratum: BICHLORIDE OF PLATINUM, dissolved
in twenty parts of Distilled Water.
Plumbum  aceticum: ACETATE OF LEAD, dissolved in ten
parts of Distilled Water.
Solutio Indici: SOLUTION OF INDIGO.
Spiritus: ALCOHOL.
Spiritus absolutus: ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL.
Stannum chloratum: PROTOCHLORIDE OF TIN, dissolved in
ten parts of Distilled Water, to which is added a small
quantity of Hydrochloric Acid.
Tinctura Iodi: TINCTURE OF IODINE.
Zincum metallicum purissimum: CHEMICALLY PURE METALLIC ZINC.




TABLE A.
Designating the largest doses (maximum doses), for an adult,
which the Physician must not exceed in his prescription,
when intended for internal use, except he adds the exclamation point (!).
Latin and English Names of the Medicines.  Grammes.
For a single Aggregate
dose.  for a day.
Acidum arsenicosum: Arsenious Acid,.        0.005  0.01
Acidum carbolicum cryst.: Crystallized Carbolic Acid,........... 0.05   0.15
Aconitinum: Aconitia,.                      0.004  0.03
Aqua Amygdalarum amararum: Bitter Almond
Water,...............   2.0   7.0
Aqua Lauro-Cerasi: Cherry-Laurel Water,.    2.0   7.0
Argentum nitricum: Nitrate of Silver,.      0.03   0.2
Atropinum: Atropia,..0.001  0.003
Atropinum sulfuricum: Sulphate of Atropia,    0.001  0.003
Auro-Natrium chloratum: Chloride of Gold
and Sodium,..                     0.06   0.2
Baryum chloratum: Chloride of Barium,        0.12   1.5
Cantharides: Cantharides,.           0.05   0.15
Codeiaum: Codeia,.                          0.05   0.1
Coniinum: Conia,..                      0.001  0.003
Cuprum sulfuricum: Stlphate of Copper,.  0.1   0.4
Cuprum sulfuricum pro emetico refracta dosi:
Sulphate of Copper, as an emetic, in divided
doses,..1.0
Cuprum  sulfuricum  ammoniatum: AmmonioSulphate of Copper,.             0.1   0.4
Extractum Aconiti: Extract of Aconite,       0.025  0.1
Extractum Belladonnme: Extract of Belladonna, 0.1   0.4
Extractum Cannabis Indices: Extract of Indian
Hemp,.                                    0.1 0.3




317
Latin and English Names of the Medicines.  Grammes.
For a single Aggregate
dose.  for a day.
Extractum Colocynthidis: Extractof Colocynth, 0.06   0.4
Extractum Conii: Extract of Conium,...  0.18   0.6
Extractum Digitalis: Extract of Digitalis,.. 0.2   0.8
Extractum Fabae Calabaricae: Extract of Calabar Bean,..                                0.02  0.06
Extractum  Hyoscyami: Extract of Hyoscyamus,................ 0.2   1.0
Extractum Lactuc'e: Extract of Acrid Lettuce, 0.6   2.5
Extractum Opii: Extract of Opium,.... 0.1   0.4
Extractum Pulsatillse: Extract of Pulsatilla,. 0.2   1.0
Extractum Sabinw: Extract of Savine,...  0.2   1.0
Extractum Stramonii: Extract of Stramonium, 0.1   0.4
Extractum Strychni aquosum: Aqueous Extract
of Nux Vomica,.                             0.2   0.6
Extractum Strychni spirituosum: Alcholic Extract of Nux Vomica,.                      0.05   0.15
Folia Belladonnse: Belladonna Leaves,... 0.2   0.6
Folia Digitalis: Digitalis Leaves,..      0.3   1.0
Folia Hyoscyami: Hyoscyamus Leaves,.  0.3   1.0
Folia Stramonii: Stramonium Leaves,..  0.25   1.0
Folia Toxicodendri: Poison Oak,.... 0.4   1.2
Fructus Colocynthidis prmeparati: Prepared Colocynth,.                                   0.3 1.0
Fructus Sabadillse: Cevadilla Seeds,       0..25   1.0
Gutti: Gamboge,.                             0.3 1.0
Herba Conii: Conium Leaves,.                 0.3   2.0
Hydrargyrum bichloratum corrosivum: Corrosive Chloride of Mercury,.0.03   0.1
Hydrargyrum biiodatum rubrum: Red Iodide
of Mercury,.                               0.03   0.1
Hydrargyrum  iodatum flavum: Green Iodide
of Mercury,............  0.06   0.4
Hydrargyrum  nitricum  oxydulatum: Subnitrate of Mercury,.                         0.015  0.06
Hydrargyrum  oxydatum rubrum: Red Oxide
of Mercury,............  0.03   0.1
27*




318
Latin and English Names of the Medicines.  Grammes.
For a single Aggregate
dose.  for a day.
Kreosotum: Creasote,......... 0.05   0.2
Lactucarium: Lactucarium,.                   0.3   1.2
Liquor Hydrargyri nitrici oxydulati: Solution
of Subnitrate of Mercury,.                 0.1   0.5
Liquor Kali arsenicosi: Solution of Arsenite of
Potassium,.0.4 2.0
Morphinum: Morphia,.......               0.03   0.12
Morphinum aceticum: Acetate of Morphia,. 0.03   0.12
Morphinum  hydrochloricum: Muriate of Morphia,.                                     0.03   0.12
Morphinum sulfuricum: Sulphate of'Morphia,  0.03   0.12
Oleum Crotonis: Croton'Oil,.....  0.06   0.3
Opium: Opium,.0.15 0.5
Phosphorus: Phosphorus,.                     0.015  0.06
Plumbum aceticum: Acetate of Lead,..    0.06   0.4
Radix Belladonnse: Belladonna Root,.          0.1   0.4
Radix Hellebori viridis: European Green Hellebore,...........0.3   1.2
Rhizoma Veratri: White Hellebore Root,.    0.3   1.2
Santoninum: Santonin,.                       0.1   0.5
Semen Strychni: Nux Vomica,.                 0.1   0.3
Strychninum: Strychnia,.                     0.01   0.03
Strychninum nitricum: Nitrate of Strychnia,. 0.01   0.03
Tartarus stibiatus: Tartar Emetic,.... 0.2   1.0
Tinctura Aconiti: Tincture of Aconite Root,. 1.0   4.0
Tinctura Belladonnae: Tincture of Belladonna,  1.0   4.0
Tinctura Cantharidum: Tincture of Cantharides,.                                       0.5 1.5
Tinctura Colchici: Tincture of Colchicum,.    2.0   6.0
Tinctura Colocynthidis: Tincture of Colocynth,  1.0   3.0
Tinctura Digitalis: Tincture of Digitalis,.. 2.0   6.0
Tinctura Digitalis -etherea: Ethereal Tincture
of Digitalis,..                 1.0 3.0
Tinctura Iodi: Tincture of Iodine,..     0.3   1.2
Tinctura Opii crocata: Tincture of Opium and
Saffron,.                                  1.5 5.0




319
Latin and English Names of the Medicines.  Grammes.
For a single Aggregate
dose.  for a day.
Tinctura Opii simplex: Tincture of Opium,     1.5   5.0
Tinctura Stramonii: Tincture of Stramonium,  1.0   3.0
Tinctura Strychni: Tincture of Nux Vomica,. 0.5   1.5
Tinctura Toxicodendri: Tincture of Poison
Oak,.                                     1.0   3.0
Tubera Aconiti: Aconite Root,...... 0.15   0.6
Veratrium: Veratria,.             0.005  0.03
Vinum Colchici: Wine of Colchicum,.          2.0   6.0
Zincum chloratum: Chloride of Zinc,.        0.015  0.1
Zincum lacticum: Lactate of' Zinc,....   0.06   0.3
Zincum sulfuricum: Sulphate of Zinc,... 0.06   0.3
Zincum sulfuricum, pro emetico refracta dosi:
Sulphate of Zinc, as an emetic, in divided
doses,..1.2
Zincum valerianicum: Valerianate of Zinc,.    0.06   0.3




TABLE B.
Containing the names of medicines, which are usually called
poisons, and which mustbe preserved very cautiously in
closed apartments.
Acidum arsenicosum: Arsenious Acid.
Aconitinum: Aconitia.
Atropinum: Atropia.
Atropinum sulfuricum: Sulphate of Atropia.
Coniinum: Conia.
Hydrargyrum bichloratum corrosivum: Corrosive Chloride
of Mercury.
Hydrargyrum biiodatum rubrum: Red Iodide of Mercury.
Hydrargyrum iodatum flavum: Green Iodide of Mercury.
Hydrargyrum nitricum oxydulatum: Subnitrate of Mercury.
Hydrargyrum oxydatum rubrum: Red Oxide of Mercury.
Hydrargyrum praecipitatum album: Ammoniated Mercury.
Liquor Hydrargyri nitrici oxydulati: Solution of Subnitrate
of Mercury.
Liquor Kali arsenicosi: Solution of Arsenite of Potassium.
Phosphorus: Phosphorus.
Pulvis arsenicalis Cosmi: Arsenical Powder of C6me.
Strychninum: Strychnia.
Strychninum nitricum: Nitrate of Strychnia.
Veratrinum: Veratria.
Other medicines, kept in the Pharmacies, which are of
nearly the same therapeutical activity, must be likewise
kept in the same closed apartments, according to the legal
regulations for the preservation of poisons.




TABLE C.
Names of Medicines which must be kept cautiously and
separate from the others.
Acetum Colchici: Vinegar of Colchicum.
Acetum Digitalis: Vinegar of Digitalis.
Acidum carbolicum crystallisatum: Crystallized Carbolic Acid.
Acidum chromicum: Chromic Acid.
Acidum hydrochloricurn: Pure Hydrochloric Acid.
Acidum hydrochloricurn crudum: Crude Hydrochloric Acid.
Acidum nitricum: Pure Nitric Acid.
Acidum nitricum crudum: Aqua Fortis.
Acidum nitricum fumans: Fuming Nitric Acid.
Acidum sulfuricum: Pure Sulphuric Acid.
Acidum sulfuricum crudum: Crude or Commercial Sulphuric
Acid.
Acidum sulfuricum fumans: Fuming Sulphuric Acid.
JErugo: Verdigris (Subacetate of Copper).
Aqua Amygdalarum amararum: Bitter Almond Water.
Aqua Lauro-Cerasi: Cherry-Laurel Water.
Argentum nitricum crystallisatum: Crystallized Nitrate of
Silver.
Argentum nitricum fusum: Fused Nitrate of Silver.
Argentum nitricum fusum cum Kali nitrico: Nitrated Lunar
Caustic.
Auro-Natrium chloratum: Chloride of Gold and Sodium.
Bromum: Bromine.
Cadmium sulfuricum: Sulphate of Cadmium.
Cantharides: Cantharides.
Cerussa: White Lead (Carbonate of Lead).
Chloroformium: Chloroform.
Codeinum: Codeia.
Cuprum aceticum: Acetate of Copper.
Cuprum aluminatum.
Cuprum oxydatum: Black Oxide of Copper.
Cuprum sulfuricum ammoniatum: Ammonio-sulphate of Copper.




322
Cuprum sulfuricum crudum: Crude or Commercial Sulphate
of Copper.
Cuprum sulfuricum purum: Pure Sulphate of Copper.
Euphorbium: Euphorbium.
Extractum Aconiti: Extract of Aconite.
Extractum Belladonnse: Extract of Belladonna.
Extractum Cannabis Indicas: Extract of Indian Hemp.
Extractum Colocynthidis: Extract of Colocynth.
Extractumn Colocynthidis compositum: Compound Extract
of Colocynth.
Extractum Conii: Extract of Conium.
Extractum Digitalis: Extract of Digitalis.
Extractum Fabme Calabaricae: Extract of Calabar Bean.
Extractum Gratiolhe: Extract of Hedge-Hyssop.
Extractum Hyoscyami: Extract of Hyoscyamus.
Extractum Lactucae: Extract of Acrid Lettuce.
Extractum Mezerei: Extract of Mlezereon.
Extractum Opii: Extract of Opium.
Extractum Pulsatille: Extract of Pulsatilla.
Extractum Sabinse: Extract of Savine.
Extractum Stramonii: Extract of Stramonium.
Extractum Strychni aquosum: Aqueous Extract of Nux
Vomica.
Extractum Strychni spirituosum: Alcoholic Extract of Nux
Vomica.
Faba Calabarica: Calabar Bean.
Ferrum iodatum saccharatum: Saccharated Iodide of Iron.
Folia Belladonnse: Belladonna Leaves.
Folia Digitalis: Digitalis Leaves.
Folia Hyoscyami: Hyoscyamus Leaves.
Folia Stramonii: Stramonium Leaves.
Folia Toxicodendri: Poison-Oak Leaves.
Fructus Colocynthidis: Colocynth.
Fructus Colocynthidis praeparati: Prepared Colocynth.
Fructus Sabadillve: Cevadilla Seeds.
Gutti: Gamboge.
Herba Conii: Conium Leaves.
Herba Gratiolse: Hedge-Hyssop.




323
Hydrargyrum chloratum mite: Mild Chloride of Mercury.
Iodoformium: Iodoform.
Iodum: Iodine.
Kali causticum fusum: Caustic Potassa.
Kreosotum: Creasote.
Lactucarium: Lactucarium.
Liquor Kali caustici: Solution of Caustic Potassa.
Liquor Natri caustici: Solution of Caustic Soda.
Liquor Plumbi subacetici: Solution of Subacetate of Lead.
Liquor Stibii chlorati: Solution of Chloride of Antimony.
Lithargyrum: Litharge.
Morphinum: Morphia.
Morphinum aceticum: Acetate of Morphia.
Morphinum hydrochloricum: Muriate of Morphia.
Morphinum sulfuricum: Sulphate of Morphia.
Natrum santonicum: Santonate of Sodium.
Oleum Crotonis: Croton Oil.
Oleum Sabinse: Oil of Savine.
Oleum Sinapis: Volatile Oil of Mustard.
Opium: Opium.
Plumbum aceticum: Acetate of Lead.
Plumbum iodatum: Iodide of Lead.
Pulvis Ipecacuanhae opiatus: Dover's Powder.
Radix Belladonnae: Belladonna Root.
Radix Hellebori viridis: European Green Hellebore
Radix Ipecacuanhae: Ipecacuanha.
Resina Jalapoe: Resin of Jalap.
Resina Scammoniae: Resin of Scammony.
Rhizoma Veratri~: White Hellebore.
Santoninum: Santonin.
Semen Colchici: Colchicum Seeds.
Semen Hyoscyami: Hyoscyamus Seeds.
Semen Stramonii: Stramonium Seeds.
Semen Strychni: Nux Vomica.
Spiritus Sinapis: Spirit of Mustard.
Sulfur iodatum: Iodide of Sulphur.
Summitates Sabinte: Savine.
Tartarus stibiatus: Tartar Emetic.




324
Tinctura Aconiti: Tincture of Aconite Root.
Tinctura Belladonne: Tincture of Belladonna.
Tinctura Cannabis Indicam: Tincture of Indian Hemp.
Tinctura Cantharidum: Tincture of Cantharides.
Tinctura Capsici: Tincture of Capsicum.
Tinctura Colchici: Tincture of Colchicum.
Tinctura Colocynthidis: Tincture of Colocynth.
Tinctura Digitalis: Tincture of Digitalis.
Tinctura Digitalis aetherea: Ethereal Tincture of Digitalis.
Tinctura Euphorbii: Tincture of Euphorbium.
Tinctura Hellebori viridis: Tincture of European Green HelTinctura Iodi: Tincture of Iodine.              [lebore.
Tinctura Iodi decolorata: Colorless Tincture of Iodine.
Tinctura Ipecacuanhoe: Tincture of Ipecacuanha.
Tinctura Opii benzoica, Camphorated Tincture of Opium.
Tinctura Opii crocata: Tincture of Opium and Saffron.
Tinctura Opii simplex: Tincture of Opium.
Tinctura Resinae Jalapea: Tincture of Resin of Jalap.
Tinctura Stramonii: Tincture of Stramonium.
Tinctura Strychni: Tincture of Nux Vomica.
Tinctura Strychni aetherea: Ethereal Tincture of Nux Vomica.
Tinctura Toxicodendri: Tincture of Poison-Oak.
Tubera Aconiti: Aconite Root.
Tubera Jalapse: Jalap.
Vinum Colchici: Wine of Colchicum.
Vinum Ipecacuanhbe: Wine of Ipecacuanha.
Vinum stibiatum: Antimonial Wine.
Zincum aceticum: Acetate of Zinc.
Zincum chloratum: Chloride of Zinc.
Zincum lacticurn: Lactate of Zinc.
Zincum sulfocarbolicum: Sulphocarbolate of Zinc.
Zincum sulfuricum: Sulphate of Zinc.
Zincum valerianicum: Valerianate of Zinc.
Other medicines, occurring in the Pharmacies, which are
of nearly the same therapeutical activity, must likewise be
kept apart from the others, and in the same place with the
medicines named in Table C.




SPECIFIC GRAVITIES OF LIQUID MEDICINES,
AT 150 C. (590 F.).
Acidum aceticum dilutum: Diluted Acetic Acid, 1.040
Acidum hydrochloricum purum: Pure Hydrochloric Acid..  1.124
Acidum nitricum purum: Pure Nitric Acid,    1.185
Acidum phosphoricum: Phosphoric Acid,.    1.120
Acidum sulfuricum: Pure Sulphuric Acid,      1.840
Acidum sulfuricum dilutum: Diluted Sulphuric
Acid,.............. 1.113 —1.117
AEther: Ether,.                             0.728
ZEther aceticus: Acetic Ether,.....  0.900-0.904
Chloroformium: Chloroform,... 1.492-1.496
Glycerinum: Glycerin,....         1.230-1.250
Liquor Ammonii acetici: Solution of Acetate
of Ammonium,.                             1.028-1.032
Liquor Ammonii caustici: Water of Ammonia, 0.960
Liquor Ammonii succinici: Solution of Succinate of Ammonium,......... 1.050-1.054
Liquor Ferri acetici: Solution of Acetate of Iron, 1.134-1.138
Liquor Ferri sesquichlorati: Solution of Sesquichloride of Iron,.                     1.480-1.484
Liquor Ferri sulfurici oxydati: Solution of Persulphate of Iron,......1.317-1.319
Liquor Kali acetici: Solution of Acetate of
Potassium,.1.176-1.180
Liquor Plumbi subacetici: Solution of Subacetate of Lead,.                             1.235-1.240
Liquor Stibii chlorati: Solution of Chloride of
Antimony,                                  1.340-1.360
Mixtura sulfurica acida: Sulphuric Acid Mixture,.                                    0.998-1.002
Spiritus: Alcohol,..........  0.830 —0.834
28




326
Spiritus aethereus: Spirit of Ether,....  0.808-0.812
Spiritus AEtheris chlorati: Spirit of Chloric
Ether,.............. 0.838-0.842
SpiritusiEtheris nitrosi: Spirit ofNitrous Ether, 0.840-0.850
Spiritus dilutus: Diluted Alcohol,.....    0.892-0.893
Tinctura Opii simplex: Tincture of Opium,. 0.978-0.982
ALCOHOLMETRICAL TABLE.
Proportion of Absolute Alcohol by Volume, and also by Weight,
in 100 parts of Spirit of different Specific Gravities, at 150
c. (59~0 F.)
100 Vols. contain           100 Vols. contain
Specific          Alcohol by  Specific         Alcohol by
Gravity at Alco- Water. Weight in Gravity at Alco- Water. Weight in
15~ C.  hol.      100 parts.  15~ C.  hol.    100 parts.
1.0000   0 100       0      0.9751  21  80.81   17.12
0.9985   1  99.05    0.80   0.9741  22  79.92   17.96
0.9970   2  98.11    1.60   0.9731  23  79.09   18.79
0.9956   3  97.17    2.40   0.9721  24  78.13   19.63
0.9942   4  96.24    3.20   0.9711  25  77.23   20.47
0.9928   5  95.30    4.00   0.9700  26  76.33   21.31
0.9915   6  94.38    4.81   0.9690  27  75.43   22.16
0.9902   7  93.45    5.62   0.9679  28  74.53   23.00
0.9890   8  92.54    6.43   0.9668  29  73.62   23.85
0.9878   9  91.62    7.24   0.9657  30  72.72   24.70
0.9867  10  90.72    8.06   0.9645  31  71.80   25.56
0.9855  11  89.80    8.87   0.9633  32  70.89   26.41
0.9844  12  88.90    9.69   0.9620  33  69.96   27.27
0.9833  13  88.00   10.51   0.9607  34  69.04   28.14
0.9822  14  87.09   11.33   0.9595  35  68.12   29.01
0.9812  15  86.19   12.15   0.9582  36  67.20   29.88
0.9801  16  85.29   12.98   0.9568  37  66.26   30.75
0.9791  17  84.39   13.80   0.9553  38  65.32   31.63
0.9781  18  83.50   14.63   0.9538  39  64.37   32.52
0.9771  19  82.60   15.46   0.9522  40  63.42   33.40
0.9761  20  81.71   16.29   0.9506  41  62.46   34.30




327
ALCOHOLMETRICAL TABLE. —Continued.
i00 Vols. contain          100 Vols. contain
Specific         Alcohol by  Specific       Alcohol by
Gravity at:Alco- Water. Weight in Gravity at Alco- Water. Weight in
15~ C.  hol.     100 parts.  150 C.  hol.   100 parts.
0.9490  42  61.50  35.18   0.8855  72  31.30  64.34
0.9473  43  60.58  36.09   0.8830  73  30.26  65.72
0.9456  44  59.54  37.00   0.8804  74  29.20  66.82
0.9439  45  58.61  37.90   0.8778  75  28.15  67.93
0.9421  46  57.64  38.82   0.8752  76  27.09  69.04
0.9403  47  56.66  39.74   0.8725  77  26.03  70.16
0.9385  48  55.68  40.66   0.8698  78  24.96  71.30
0.9366  49  54.70  41.59   0.8671  79  23.90  72.43
0.9348  50  53.72  42.53   0.8644  80  22.83  73.59
0.9328  51  52.73  43.47   0.8616  81  21.76  74.75
0.9308  52  51.74  44.41   0.8588  82  20.68  75.91
0.9288  53  50.74  45.37   0.8559  83  19.61  77.09
0.9267  54  49.74  46.33   0.8530  84  18.52  78.29
0.9247  55  48.74  47.29   0.8500  85  17.42  79.51
0.9226  56  47.73  48.26   0.8470  86  16.32  80.72
0.9205  57  46.73  49.24   0.8440  87  15.23  81.96
0.9183  58  45.72  50.21   0.8409  88  14.12  83.22
0.9161  59  44.70  51.20   0.8377  89  13.01  84.47
0.9139  60  43.68  52.20   0.8344  90  11.88  85.74
0.9117  61  42.67  53.19   0.8311  91  10.76  87.04
0.9095  62  41.65  54.20   0.8277  92   9.62  88.37
0.9072  63  40.63  55.21   0.8242  93   8.48  89.72
0.9049  64  39.60  56.23   0.8206  94.  7.32  91.08
0.9026  65  38.58  57.25   0.8169  95   6.16  92.45
0.9002  66  37.54  58.29   0.8130  96   4.97  93.89
0.8978  67  36.51  59.33   0.8089  97   3.77  95.35
0.8954  68  35.47  60.38   0.8046  98   2.54  96.83
0.8930  69  34.44  61.43   0.8000  99   1.28  98.38
0.8905  70  33.39  62.50   0.7951 100   0.00 100.00
0.8880  71  32.35  63.58




APPENDIX
BY THE TRANSLATOR.
THERMOMETERS.
The Centigrade thermometer, used in this work under the
name of Celsius' thermometer, has been long used in Sweden,
and is now most generally employed in scientific writings.
It marks the freezing-point 0~ (zero), and the boiling point
1000; the degrees being counted upwards and downwards from
the freezing-point; the temperatures below 0~ being indicated
by the prefix of -the negative algebraic sign (-), as in all
thermometers.
In Fahrenheit's thermometer the freezing-point of water
is placed at 32~, and the boiling-point at 2120; the number
of intervening degrees being 180.
It is evident that 180 degrees of Fahrenheit are equal to
100 of the Centigrade scale, and that one degree of the first
is equal to 5 of a degree of the latter, or that a Centigrade
degree is to a Fahrenheit degree as 1 is to 9.
RULES FOR CONVERTING CENTIGRADE TO FAHRENHEIT
DEGREES.
Double the number of Centigrade degrees, subtract onetenth and add 32; or multiply by 9 and divide by 5, and add 32.
EXAMPLES.
150~ C. X 9+32     590 F.
-100 C. X 9 + 32 -    14~ F.
200C. x 9- +32 —     40F.
In the formulas with the sign (-), the number must be
treated as an algebraic negative quantity, and when multiplied by 9 and divided by 5, the difference between the quotient
and 32 will either be the number of degrees above or below
zero of Fahrenheit-above if less, and below if greater than
thirty-two. See table on page 336.




329
FRENCH SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
The French system of weights and measures is connected
together in a manner far more philosophical than any other
system; and, as it is the one generally adopted by scientific
men on the continent of Europe, and is gradually being introduced into the writings of men of science everywhere, it is
essential that the principles upon which it is based should be
understood.
The introduction of the Metric System into this country
had been long recommended, and in 1866 its use was authorized by Congress. To furnish a convenient standard of comparison, and render the public familiar with the new measures,
it was also authorized that the new five-cent piece should
weigh five grammes, and be one-fiftieth of a metre in diameter.
The standard of reference of the French Metric System is
a measurement of one of the great circles encompassing the
earth itself. The ten millionth part of a quadrant of the
meridian constitutes the unit of the system. This quadrantal
arc was fixed at 6213 miles and 1450 yards English measure;
consequently the ten millionth part of this, called the METRE,
is equivalent to 39.37079 English inches, nearly 3~ inches
more than our standard yard, or a fraction of an inch longer
than the second's pendulum. The cube of the tenth part of
the metre was taken as the unit of the measure of capacity,
and denominated LITRE. The weight of distilled water, at
its greatest density (4~ C. or 39,2~ F ), which this cube is
capable of containing, was called KILOGRAMME, of which the
thousandth part was adopted as the unit of weight, under the
name of GRAMME. The multiples of these measures, proceeding in the decimal progression, are distinguished by employing
the prefixes, deca (ten), hecto (hundred), kilo (thousand), and
myria (ten thousand) taken from the Greek numerals; and
the subdivisions, following the same order, by deci, centi, and
milli, from the Latin numerals.
English writers have not agreed upon a uniform system of
notation or abbreviation. The French write 35 metres 429
millimetres thus: 35m429, and 13 grammes 26 centigrammes,
13gm'26. Some American writers have proposed to place
the initial of the unit at the left of the numerical expression,
as in our Federal money, thus: M35.429, and G13.26.
A period divides the unit and multiples from the subdivision, as seen in the figures of the following
28*




330
TABLE OF WEIGHTS.
Grammes.
1 MIilligramme  =the thousandth part of 1 grm. or     0.001
1 Centigramrne = the hundredth          " " "         0.01
1 Decigramme  = the tenth             "    " c        0.1
1 Grarmme       = weight of' a cubic centimetre of
water at 4~ C. (unit of weight),  1.0
1 Decagramme = ten grammes,...                   10.0
1 Hectogramme = one hundred grammes,...   100.0
1 Kilogramme  = one thousand grammes,.    1,000.0
1 Myriagramme = ten thousand grammes,... 10,000.0
RELATION OF THE METRICAL WEIGHTS TO TROY
WEIGHTS, USED IN THE UNITED STATES
PHARMACOP(EIA.
Troy Grains.
Milligramnme.0154
Centigramme.1543
Decigramme               1.5434
Gramme                  15.4340       lb   3    gr.
Decagramme             154.3402  -   0  0  2  34.3
Hectogramme           1,543.4023      0  3  1  43.4
Kilogramme           15,434.0234  =   2  8  1  14
Myriagramme  -  154,340.2344         26  9  4  20
Metrical              Exact equivalents  Approximate equivalents
Weights.                 in grains.           in grains.
Milligramnmes.
1...... 0154..
2...0308 
3.......0463
4  -=.0617.. 
5..0771..            
7..1080...... 
8..1234....
9...1389
Centigramm es.
1......1543....... 
2 -..3086......  3
6
8  -        -......234.......617389......
5....... 7717.            4
6 -.9260.....-T-O
7... 1.0803.........1
8  =                  1.2347......... 1
9   _   1.3890......... Ii




331
Metrical              Exact equivalents    Approximate equivalents
Weights.                 in grains.           in grains.
Decigrammes.
1  -..... 1.543.. 1~
2 —.... 3.086...... 3
3...... 4.630...... 4
4...... 6.173.                           6
5...... 7.717...... 7
6...... 9.2t0...... 9
7 -.... 10.803......11
8........12.347......12
9.......13.890......14
Exact      Approximate
Metrical        equivalents  equivalents in
Weights.        in grains.   Troy Weights.
Grammes.
1 —...   15.434... gr. xv.
2...   30.868... 3ss.
3  -...   46.302... 3ij.
4...  61.736..  i.
5...   77.170....    iv.
6  -...   92.604... 3iss.
7...  108.038...  3vss.
8...  123.472... 3ij.
9...  138.906... 3vij.
Exact equivalents
in Troy Weights.
Decagrammes.                                      drs.  grs.
1  =...  154.340... 3iiss..         2 34.34
2...  308.680... 3v.... 5  8.68
3...  463.020... 3viiss..  7 43.02
4... 617.360......... 10  17.36
5  -...  771.701... 3xiij...  12 51.701
6...  926.041... 3xv... 15 26.041
7  --.. 1,080.381... 3xviij.    18   0.381
8... 1,234.721..    3xx...  20 34.721
9  -... 1,389.062... 3xxiij.. 23  9.062
Hectogrammes.                                        Ounces.
1 -... 1,543.402... 3iii v...  3.2154
2  =... 3,086.804... 3vj 3iij..  6.4308
3  -.. 4,630.206... ~ix3v...  9.6462
4  -. 6,173.609... Ibi 3vij... 12.8616
5... 7,717.011...  bi ~iv... 16.0770
6... 9,260.413... fbi 3vij..    19.2924
7..  10,803.816... fbi 3x 3iv.   22.5078
8..  12,347.218...  bij 3i 3v.. 25.7232
9  =..  13,890.620... lbij 3v... 28.9386




332
Exact         Approximate        Exact
Metrical      equivalents    equivalents in   equivalents i n
Weights.      in grains.     Troy Weights.    Troy Weights.
Kilogranmne.                                          Ounces.
1  =..  15, 434.023.. lbij viij. 32.1542
Myriagramme.
1..  154,340.23       lb i.x. 321.542
six.3iv..
RELATION  OF TROY WEIGHTS (OF THE U. S. PHARMACOP(EIA) TO METRICAL WEIGHTS.
FRACTIONS OF A GRAIN IN MILLIGRAMMES.
Grain.    Milligrammes. Grain.    Milligrammes. Grain.    Milligrammes.
=    1.012      1   -    2.591      1         8.098,'    ~ - 1.079     1         2.699              10.798
--    1.295,'o   =    3.239     1  =   12.958
1.349     1   -    4.049       --   16.197
=-   1.619'    --   4.319      1        21.597
1   -    1.799                5.399          =   32.395
2.159                   6.479
GRAINS IN EQUIVALENT METRICAL WEIGHTS.
Grains.   Centigrammes. Grains.   Decigrammes. Grains.  Gramlmes.
1   =     6.479    6   -      3.887   16   -    1.036
7         4.535   20           1.295
Decigrammes.  8       5.183   24          1.555
2         1.295    9          5.831   25           1.619
3   =    1.943   10   =        6.479   30          1.943
4   -    2.591   12            7.775   40    =    2.591
5   =    3.239   15   -    9.718   5()             3.239
60         3.887
DRACHMS, OUNCES, AND POUNDS IN EQUIVALENT
METRICAL WEIGHTS.
Drachms.    Grammes. Ounces.   Decagrammes. Ounces.  Hectogrammes.
1   -    3.887    1           3.1103    8   -    2.4882
2         7.775    2   -      6.2206    9   -    2.7992.
3         9.3309   10   -    3.1103
Decagrammes.                   11          3.4213
3    -    1.166            Hectogrammes. Pounds.
4   --    1.555    4   =    1.2441    1    -    3.7324
5   -     1.943    5   -      1.5551    2   -    7.4648
6   -    2.332    6   -    1.8661               Kilogrammes.
7   =    2.721    7   -       2.1772    3          1.1197




333
RELATION OF THE METRICAL WEIGHTS TO AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHTS, AS STATED AND USED IN
THE BRITISH PHARMACOP(EIA.
1 Milligramme,.....      0.015432 grs.
1 Centigramme,........           0.15432   "
1 Decigramme,.........            1.5432    "
1 Gramme,  -.....           15.432   "
1 Kilogramme, =  2 lb. 3 oz. 119.8 grs., or 15,432.348  "
The British pound contains 7000 Troy grains, and it is
divided into 16 ounces, each containing 437.5 grains.
I pound = 453.5925 grammes. 1 ounce - 28.3495 grms.
i grain = 0.0648 grms.
MEASURES OF LENGTH.
Metres.
1 Millimetre  = the thousandth part of one metre, or 0.001
1 Centimetre - the hundredth   "    "       "    "  0.01
1 Decimetre  -the tenth          " 4 "      "' "  0.1
1 Metre      = the ten millionth part of a quarter of the
meridian of' the earth (unit of length).
1 Decametre  = ten (10) metres.
1 Hectometre - one hundred (100) metres.
1 Kilometre = one thousand (1000) metres.
1 Myriametre   ten thousand (10,000) metres.,
Relation of the Metrical Measures to English Measures of
Length, the Metre being at 32~ and the Foot at 62~.
English Inches.
1 Millimetre  =.03937
1 Centimetre.39371
1 Decimetre          3.93710     Miles. Fur. Yards. Feet. Inches.
1 Metre      -      39.37100 --   0   0      1   0  3.371
1 Decametre -    393.71000 -   0   0    10   2  9.710
1 Hectometre =   3,937.10000 =    0   0   109   1  1.100
1 Kilometre  =  39,371.00000 -    0   4   213   1 11.000
1 Myriametre =393,710.00000 =    6   1   156   1  2.000




334
Table for the Conversion of Metrical into English Measures of
Length.
METRICAL TO ENGLISH.         ENGLISH TO METRICAL.
Millimetres to Inches.    Metres to Feet.  Inches to Millimetres.  Feet to Metres.
1 -0.03937  1 --  3.2809      1 =  25.4    1 - 0.3048
2 = 0.07874  2 --  6.5618    2 --  50.8    2 - 0.6096
3     0.11811  3 -   9.8427    3    76.2    3 - 0.9144
4   0.15748  4-  13.1236    4 - 101.6    4 - 1.2192
5 -  0.19685  5 -  16.4045    5 -127.0    5 -- 1.5240
6    0.23622  6   19.6854    6= 152.4    6   1.8288
7   0.27559  7 -  22.9663    7   177.8    7   2.1336
8    0.31496  8 - 26.2472    8 - 203.2    8 - 2.4384
9 -- 0.35433  9 -- 29.5281    9 - 228.6     9 -=2.7432
25 mm =nearly               4 in. =  father
1 inch.                  i more than 0loom
MEASURE OF CAPACITY.
1 Millilitre =   1 cub. centi m., or the meas. of 1 grm. of water.
1 Centilitre -    10 "        "        "   10  "    "
1 Decilitre -   100 "     "      "    "  100  "    "
1 Litre    -  1000 "      "         "  "1000  "    "
or one cubic decimetre and unit of capacity.
English Cubic Inches.  Wine or Apoth. Measure.
1 Millilitre..061028  -     16.2318 minims.
1 Centilitre -.610280  -      2.7053 fluidrachms.
1 Decilitre  =       6.102800  -      3.3816 fluidounces.
1 Litre     =       61.028000   -     2.1135 pints.
1 Decalitre        610.280000         2.6419 gallons.
1 Hectolitre =   6,102.800000  -     26.4190 "
1 Kilolitre  -   61,028.000000  -    264.1900   "
1 Myrialitre - 610,280.000000  =   2641.9000   "
The British Pharmacopoeia estimates the Litre at 1 pint,
15 oz. 2 drs. 11 m. (imperial measure).




335
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE U. S. PHARMACOP(EIA.
One Pound, lb    -      12 Ounces,   -       5,760 Grains.
One Ounce, i    -        8 Drachms,  =         480   "
One Drachm, 3    -       3 Scruples,   -        60   "
One Scruple,........  20   "
One Grain, gr.-                                 1   "
One Gallon,       C -  8 Pints,          -61,440 Minims.
One Pint,         0     16 Fluidounces,   =  7,680    "
One Fluidounce,  f  -=   8 Fluidrachms,  -   480    "
One Fluidrachm, f3... -   60  "
One Minim,                                            cc...  1  "
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES OF THE BRITISH
PHARMACOP(EIA.
Weights.
1 Grain, gr.
1 Ounce, oz..........          437.5 grains.
1 Pound, lb.  =  16 ounces,... -  7000        "
Measures of Capacity.
1 Minim,       min.
1 Fluid drachm, fl. drm.                 60 minims.
I Fluid ounce,  fl. oz......         8 fluid drachms.
1 Pint,        O..20 fluid ounces.
1 Gallon,      C.......            8 pints.
Measures of Length.
1 line..                      - inch.
1 inch.........              seconds pendulum.
12 inches.......          1 foot.
36  "..          =   3 feet - l1yard.
Length of pendulum vibrating seconds of 
mean time in the latitude of London, in  39.1393 inches.
vacuum at the level of the sea,...
Relations of Measures to Weights.
1 Minim is the measure of                       0.91 rater
1 Fluid drachm is the measure of               54.68  "
1 Fluid ounce   "       "    "      1 ounce or 437.5   "
1 Pint          "       "    "1.25 pounds or 8750.0   "
1 Gallon        "       "    " 10 pounds or 7 0,000.0   "




336
~C.           F.  F. ~F.
0          32.0           60         140.0
10          50.0          61          141.8
15          59.0           62          143.6
16          60.8          63          145.4
17          62.6           64         147.2
20          68.0    i      70          158.0
25          77.0           80          176.0
30          86.0           85          185.0
33          91.4           95          203.0
35          95.0          100          212.0
40         104.0          110          230.0
42         107.6          115          239.0
44         111.2          118          244.4
45         113.0          120          248.0
46         114.8          170          338.0
48         118.4          180          356.0
50         122.0          200          392.0
56         132.8
58         136.4




INDEX
OF THE ENGLISH NAMES.
Page                               Page
Acid acetic, aromatic,.       4 Agaric of the oak,..   181
"    "   diluted,.           4    "  surgeon's,.              131'' "(  glacial,..       4 Alcohol,........ 245
" arsenious,.                4     "   diluted,...    247
" " antidote,...    20 Alkanet root,...             213' benzoic, sublimed,.         5 Almonds, bitter,..19
" boracic.......  5 " sweet,..                                 19
" carbolic, crude,..      5 Aloes,.......              15
" " crystallized,.           6   "          Cape,..           15
"    "     impure,.          5   "  shining,.                  15
"    "    pure,....   6 Alum,.                                15
" chromic,......   6   "  burnt,...                    16
"  citric,.......   7   "  whey,.......    242
"  hydrochloric, crude,.   8 Alumina,.......    32
" " diluted,                  8 " hydrate,.....  16
it"     "       pure,..   7 Aluminium and potassium sul" lactic,.......   8   phate,.                           15
" muriatic, crude,.         8 Amber,........ 254
It"   "     diluted,...   8 Ammonia, liquor,... 163
I" " pure,.... 7                   "      solution,....  163
" nitric, diluted,....   9       "      spirit,..... 164
"    "   fuming,.           10      "      water,.....  163
r"    "   pure,.....   9 Ammoniac,.......  16' nitro-muriatic,.            6 Ammonium, acetate solution,   162
" phenic,..6                            carbonate,..     17' phosphoric,....          10        "         "    solution, 163
" succinic,......    10        "      chloride,....    18
" sulphuric, crude,...    11,'    phosphate,.        18
"      "    diluted,.        11       "      pyro-carbonate,    17
r"   "a    fuming,           12        "          "   solution, 163
"  "    pure,.      11        "     succinate, solu" tannic,.......  12                         tion,.          164
" tartaric,......  12 Angelica root,......  214
" valerianic,.....  13 Anise,.                              124
Aconite root,......   291   "  fruit,....... 124
"  tuber,...... 291   "  seed,......    124
Aconitia,........  13 Antimony, butter,.... 172
Aconitin,.......  13           "     chloride, solution,  172
Acorn coffee,...... 240          "     crude,.....    252
"   roasted,....       240      "      muriate,.          172
29




338
Page I                              Page
Antimony, oxysulphuret,.. 262 Burdock root,......   216
it    and potassium  tar-      Burgundy pitch,.227
trate,.... 270 Burnet saxifrage.....   221
tartrate,..       270 Butter of antimony,.... 172
sulphuret, black,. 252 1         Cacao,..... 190
it         it      "t          i  it    nutmegs,....          197
levigated, 252
it         "t    golden, 251
It    tartarated,... 270 Cadmium, sulphate,.39
it    terchloride, solution, 172 Caffeine,........  54
Anti-rheumatic paper,...  49 Calabar bean,......   100
Appendix,...,         328 Calamus.                      228
Aqua fortis,.                   9 Calcium, carbonate, precipitated, 40
Arnica flowers,.         111    "    phosphate,....  41
"   root,...... 214 Calisaya bark,...                 58
Aromatic herbs,.243 Calomel,........ 145
Arrow-r6ot,.......  19 Calumba root,.                      217
Arsenic, white,.....       4 Camphor,.......    42
Asarabacca,.215 Cantharides,.42
Assafetida,.......   33 Capsicum,.......   125
Atropia,.....8. 33 Caraway,.126
sulphate,.... 33                    seed,.               126
Carbon, bisulphide,....  43
Cardamon, Malabar,..   125
Balm,.......... 119    "         officinal,....  125
Balsam, nutmeg,.               47   "         small,.            125
Peru,......  35  Carline thistle,.                  217
sulphur,.....   196 Carrageen,.                       44
"    Tolu,......  35    "            jelly,.             133
Barium, chloride,.             36 Cascarilla bark,.....  57
Bark, gray,.......  58 Castile soap,..236'  pale,.......    58 Castor, Canada,..45
Barley flour, prepared,        101    "L  Russian,.....  45
Bay berries,.......   128,   Siberian,.                45
Bear's claw,....... 222             oil....... 198
Bearberry leaves,.       123 1 Catechu,........    45
Belladonna leaves,.... 117 Cayenne pepper,.                  125
"     root,.....   216 Celandine,...... 137
Benzine,........  36 Centaury, European,...    137
Benzoin,........  36 Cerate, green,......  46
Bilberries,......    128  " nutmeg,..                             47
Bismuth, subnitrate,.          37 i       resin,..          48
"    valerianate,           38'  spermaceti,...  47
Bittersweet,....... 253    "   yellow,.                         48
Black Alder,......  60 Cevadilla seeds,..... 130
"   draught, Vienna,..    150 Chamomile...... 111
"   wash,......    27                German,... 112
Blessed thistle,..... 136    "         Roman,... 111
Bole, white,...            32 Charcoal, animal,.              43
Borax,....38   I'    prepared,.                         43
Bromine,........  39 Cherry-laurel leaves,.                119
Buckbean leaves,..... 123 China root,....... 229
Buckthorn berries,.          130 Chinoidin,.......  52
it    European,             60 Chloral, hydrate,.              52




339
Page.                               Page
Chloride of gold and sodium,.  34 Decoctions.......    65
Chlorine fumigation,.          131     "    Zittmann's, stronger,  65
"    water,.23                     "         "      milder,.  66
Chloroform,.......  53 Dextrin,.                        66
Cinchona, brown,.....  58 Digitalis.......   117
"   _ pale,.....  58 Dippel's animal oil,.              189
c"    red,..  59 Dover's powder.....    211
C h    yellow,... 58 Dragon's blood,.....    226
Cinchonia,........... 53 Dutch liquid......           16
it     sulphate,             53
Cinnabar,....         149
Cinnamon, Ceylon,.             59 Elderberry juice, inspissated,. 256
c"      Chinese,.           59 Elder flowers,.                115
Cloves,......            44 Elecampane,......              218
Cochineal,...     54 Elemi,.....       68
Coco-nut oil,...... 194 Elixir, aloes, acidulated,..  69
Cocoa-nut oil,...... 194'"  bitter,......  68
Codeia,.54    "  Haller's acid,.                                  179
Cod-liver oil,...... 194'"  Hoffmann's stomach,            69
Colchicum seeds,..... 238         "  paregoric,.             284
Cold cream,.                  298    "  pectoral,.69
Collodion,.....  55 Emollient herbs,..... 243
"9    cantharidal,...  56    "         species,...    243
4"    elastic,.....   56 Emulsions,.......    80
Colocynth,.......   126    "          almond, compound,   80
C"    prepared,.... 127 Epsom salts,....               175
Colophony,.......              56 Ergot,........                238
Coltsfoot,.                    118 Essence of curled-mint,..      249
Columbo,.......               217     "      peppermint,..    249
Confection of senna,.          67    "       rennet,..... 171
Conia,.                        57 Ether,.........  14
Coniine,....     57    "' acetic,.....    14
Conium leaves,...           138     "  sulphuric..          14
Copper, acetate, neutral,.    63 Ethiop's mineral,.....   148
"   ammonio-sulphate,        64 Ethylene, bichloride,...  15'   oxide, black,..       63 Euphorbium,......    80
"   sulphate, crude,.      64 Extracts,........  81
",   "'   pure,...  64 Extract of aconite,...             82
Coriander fruit,..... 127         "     acrid lettuce,...    92
it    seed,.                127     "      aloes......  83
Corrosive sublimate,.         144      "          "  vitriolated,  83
Couch-grass root,.            231      "     apples, ferrated,     90
Cowslip........   114           "     belladonna,...    84
Cow-parsnip,......   222'    blessed thistle,.    86
Cream of Tartar,.             268      "     bittersweet,..      89
Creasote,.... 157'     buckbean,.... 100
Croton oil,....... 194           "    calabar bean,..       90
Cubebs,......                 62      "     calamus,.            84
Curled-mint,......   120              "     cascarilla,.         86
Cusso,.........  113   "   chamomile,..    86
"     celandine,.          86
"     centaury, European,  86
Dandelion root,..          225      "     cinchona,....  87
it  ", and herb,.    226           "        " coldprepared,  87




340
Page                               Page
Extract of colocynth,...  88 Flaxseed,..239
"    compound,  88        "    oil,....   196
"     columbo,.           88'     " cake,..   207
conium,.89 Flies, Spanish,......  42
couch-grass,...  91 Flowers of sulphur,...    256
cubebs,.            89    I"    zinc,..... 310
dandelion,... 100 Fontanel plaster.....    90
"    digitalis,....  89 Fowler's solution,.               168
elderberries,... 256 Foxglove leaves,..... 117
"    elecampane,.       92 Frankincense,.                 201
"    ergot,.              98
"    European centaury,  86
gentian,..     91 Galangal root,..        230
" hedge hyssop,..  92 Galbanum.......    132
"    hyoscyamus,.         92 Galls,.........    132'    Indian hemp,..  84 Gamboge.....        135
juniper berries,.. 255 Garden angelica-root,.        214
"    lettuce, acrid,..  92 Gelatine,.                      132'    liquorice, crude,    255 Gentian root,......   218
" "    purified,. 255 Ginger,                        233
"   " rr refined,. 255 Glauber's salt,...... 188
root,.     93 Glue, white.                  132
" logwood,...             93 Glycerine,.                    134
"     male fern,...  91 Gold-leaf,..34
"    malt,...      93   "  and Sodium, chloride,.  34
"I    L'"  ferrated,..  94 Goulard's extract,....   171
"   meat,.85 " lead-water,...                              28
"     mezereon,.           94 Guaiac,........ 227
" myrrh,.                 95  " resin,...... 227
"    nuxvomica, alcoholic, 99 Guaiacum wood,.                159
"' " r           aqueous,  99 Guarana,..                     202
"    opium,.....  95 Gum ammoniac,.                     16
"    orange-peel,..      83       a" rabic,.......         135
p" ulsatilla,.            95   "  dragon,......  290
"    quassia,.96   "  euphorbium,..80
r" hatany,....  96   "  paste, opaque,...    303'    rhubarb,.            96 Gutta-percha, purified,.       135
"~'      "    compound,  97 Gypsum, calcined,.                41
"    santonica,.          87
"    savine,.....   97
squills,.           97 Haller's acid elixir,.... 179
" seneka,.....  98 Heartsease,.......                       143
stramonium,..      98 Hedge hyssop,..139
"     valerian,.         100 Hellebore, green, European,    219
"     wormwood,...  82                white,.....   232
"    yarrow,....  94 Hemlock,........                      138
Eye-salve,....... 300      "    common,.... 138
"    compound,.           300      "    poison,.....         138
"    spotted,.....    138
Hemp-nettle,......   139
Fennel fruit,..            127   "   seed,....... 125
"   seeds,...... 127 Henbane leaves,.....   118
Fenugreek seeds,..... 239 Herbs, aromatic,..... 243
Figs,.........                44   "   emollient,.              243




341
Page                               Page
Hoffmann's anodyne,.          245 Iron, tersulphate, solution,.. 167
balsam of life,.  179 Isinglass,.......       55
e"    stomach elixir,      69 Issue plaster......   70
Hollyhock flowers,..        113
Honey,.........  177
"    clarified,..... 178 Jalap resin,.......  227
"    of roses,..... 178   "  root,..       292
Hyoscyamus leaves,.... 118   "  soap,....... 235
"      seeds,.... 239 " tuber,...... 292
Juniper berries,..         128
Iceland Moss,..... 158
"    "  freed from bitter-    Kamala,........ 166
ness,.... 158 Kameela,......  166
dry, saccharated, 133 Kermes mineral,....          252' " Ijelly,.... 133 Kino,..                               167
Infusions,....... 149 Kousso,..118
"    of senna, compound, 150
Iodoform,....... 150
Iodine........    150 Labarraque's solution,...  170
Ipecacuanha,......   219 Lactucarium,......  167
Irish Moss,......    44 Laminaria,....... 158
('            18 jelly..133 Lapis divinus,.                 63
Iron, acetate, solution,..   165 Lard,.........    13
"  ammonio-chloride,         18 Laudanum,.                    285
and ammonium, citrate,. 104      "       Sydenham's,.    284
I"    "           sulphate, 109 Lavender flowers,..... 115
"  carbonate, saccharated,. 102 Lead, acetate,...... 207
" citrate,....    103  " iodide,.207
"  by hydrogen,..   108   "  oxide,.                    172
"  iodide,..104   "                 "  red,.             178
"'    "   saccharated,      105   "   red,.178
"  lactate,..            105   "  subacetate, solution,.    171
"oxide, hydrated,.         106   "  sugar,...        207
"    "   saccharated,       106'  tannate, soft,.         208
"  perchloride......109   "  white,.48
"      solution,.    166 Leech,.                      143
"  peroxide, hydrated,      106 Lemon peel,.                    60
"  persulphate, solution.    167 Lemonade powder,.... 212
it phosphate,.         107 Lettuce, acrid,...... 139
" powdered,.               107    "    strong-scented,        139
"  protochloride,.         102    "    opium,.157
it r   solution,. 165 Lignum vite,...... 159
"  protosulphate, crude,    109 Lime, burnt......   42
a t "(  dried,.. 110   "   carbonate, precipitated,  40
c"     "r       pure,       110   "   chloride,.....    40
"  pyrophosphate, with cit-        "   chlorinated,.40
rate of ammonium,      108   "   phosphate,.41
"  and quinia, citrate,      50 Linden flowers,.116
"  reduced,..            108 Liniment of ammonia,..    160
"'          "    by hydrogen,    108  "      camphor,..    191
"  sesquichloride,....   109'"          volatile,..    160
"  solution,.  166 Linseed,.                          239
" sulphate,..    110   " oil.196
29*




342
Page                                Page
Linseed oil cake,..... 207 Mercury, ammoniated,.             148
Lip salve, red,......    47      "    bichloride,.          144
Liquor of ammonia,...    163              biniodide,...      144
Liquorice.......   256              chloride, corrosive,. 144
paste,.....  203           "t       "    mild,.    145
"     root,.220                    c"'. cc    by
it"  "  peeled,.        220                    steam,.. 145
C      cc, Russian,. 220       "    iodide,....   146
~"   "c  Spanish,          220     It      c    green,         146
Litharge,........ 172                       red,.       144
Lithium, carbonate,.... 173'    perchloride,.       144
Liver of sulphur,.....   155      "    protiodide,.          146
Lobelia,........ 140       "    purified,.           145
Logwood,..                   159      "    red oxide,.          147
Lovage root,......   220       c,'   precipitated,  147
Lozenges,...290                  "    subchloride,... 145
Lunar caustic......    32        "    subnitrate,... 146
It:'   nitrated,..      32               "   C   solution, 167
Lupulin,....  134   "  sulphide,..   149
Lycopodium,......   173    "'   sulphuret, black,.    148,","    red,           149
Metrical system,.....   329
Mace,......... 174 Mexican tea,...... 187
Magnesia.......   176          "   " plant,.137
calcined,...    176 Mezereon bark,.61
"    and rhubarb,..    212 Milfoil,....... 114, 141
Magnesium, carbonate,..    174 Milkwort, bitter,.....   141
"    citrate, effervescent,  174 Mixture, gum arabic,... 179
I"   lactate,.... 175       "I   neutral,.            237'    sulphate,.           175      "    sulphuric acid,       179
it      "4   dried,.    176 Morphia,...     180
Male fern,....... 230           II   acetate,.            180
Mallow, common,... 119,"    hydrochlorate,          181
"   flowers, common,.    114       "    muriate,..181
Manganese, binoxide,           176,    sulphate,.... 181
it     black oxide,        176 Moss, Iceland,....    158
I"     peroxide,... 176   "              freed from bitterManna,........    177                     ness,....   158
Maranta,....19   "                   "   dry, saccharated,  133
Marjoram, sweet,.....   140,c     "       jelly,.... 133
Marshmallow leaves,...    116    "   Irish,..44
"'     paste,.... 203'             jelly,.             133
("    root,.... 213 Mother of thyme,.                142
Masterwort.......      231 Mountain parsley,...         22
Mastic,...177 Mucilage of gum arabic,                      182
Mastich,........ 177            "       quince seed,       182
Mawseeds,......   240              " salep,...       182
Meadow anemone,...  142 Mugwort root,......   215
Measures of length,.          333 Mullein flowers, common,.. 116
9(     capacity,           334 Musk,.                         181
Melilot,........ 141 Mustard poultice,..       243
Melissa leaves,...... 119    "    seed, black,..    241
Mercurous nitrate,.... 146 Myrrh,.......            183
Mercury,........ 144 Myrtleberries,.        128




343
Page                                Page
Naphtha, petroleum,.            14 Oil of nutmeg, expressed,       197
Neutral mixture,.....   237    "  olive,....... 198
Nitre,... 153  " orange,......  190
"    cubic,... 185    "    "4  flowers,.           190
Nutgalls........    132   "  peppermint,.      197
Nutmeg,....            240   "  phosphorated,.            198
"    balsam,..          47       poppy.......              198
"  cerate,..                47,c rose,..199
Nux vomica,...              241'"  rosemary,.                199, savine,                    199' sweet marjoram,..         196
Oakbark,......        61," theobroma,.              190
Odontalgic pills.....   206   "  thyme,. 200
Oil of almond,......   189   "  turpentine,..... 200
t"   "I  expressed,.. 189   "            "    rectified,.. 200
"  animal, ethereal,... 189   "  valerian,...... 200
a "    rectified,.          189   "  vitriol,                    11
A"    "    Dippel's,... 189   "    "   Nordhausen,.           12
"  anise,....... 190 Oils, distilled,...... 189
amber, rectified,... 199   "  essential,......   189
bays,.......    195   "  volatile,                           189
"  expressed,.         195 Ointment, acrid,...   293
bergamot,.190,"    antimonial,... 303
"  cade,.......   195          "    arsenical, Hellmund's, 294
"  cajeput......  191                "    basilicon,.          294
I     "   rectified,... 191        "    belladonna,... 294
"'  calamus,......  191       "    cantharides,... 294
"  camphorated,.... 191             "    conium,.             295
"  caraway,......  192      "    digitalis,..         296
"  cassia,.......           193      "    elemi,.....         296
castor,.                198      "    glycerin,...    297
Ceylon cinnamon,.. 193         "    Hebra's lead,... 296
"  chamomile, German,.. 192         "    Hellmund's arsenical, 294
",  infused,.. 192       "         "      narcotic"  cinnamon,.....  193                     balsamic,... 299
"  cloves,.......             192   "    hyoscyamus,.... 298
"  coco-nut,...... 193         ~'  lead, Hebra's... 296
"  cocoa-nut,..... 193               "         "   subacetate,.. 301' cod-liver,.               194      c"    "   tannate,... 301
c" roton,..  194       "    marshmallow,.. 296
"  curled mint,.             197      "    mercurial,.          297
"  fennel,.                  194      "    mercury, ammoniat'd, 297
"  flax-seed,...... 198              "I    red oxide,. 298
"  "  sulphurated,    196      "    mezereon,.           299
"  juniper-berries,.        195      "    narcotic-balsamic,' lavender,......           195                   Hellrmund's, 299
" lemon...... 193  " nerve,.302
"  linseed,.196                      "    opium,.....   300,"  ",  sulphurated,.. 196   ",   oxygenated,... 301
"  mace,.......    196              "'   poplar-buds,... 302
"  mustard,.199                      "    potassium, iodide,. 298
"     "    essential,.. 199      "    rose,..   302
"  volatile,...... 199          "    rosemary, compound, 302
"  neroli,......    190      "    savine,.              302




344
Page                               Page
Ointment, sulphur,.303 Pills, jalap....   205
"I      " C compound,. 303   "  odontalgic,....    206'    sweet marjoram,.. 299   "  toothache,.206
"    tartar emetic,.     303 Pimpinel, great.....   221
toad-flax,..    299 Pine buds,.......  293
turpentine,.        303   "  shoots, young,.... 293
"        I "    compound, 304 Pitch, black,...... 206
"    wax,.               295 Plasma,........   297
"    white lead,...  295 Plaster, adhesive,.          70,'       "  camphorat'd, 295    "          "    Edinburgh,.  70'    yellow,....    296'   ammoniac,.71
zinc, oxide,         304     "   aromatic,                72
Oleosaccharates,.....              6 7    assafetida,           74
Olibanum,....2 01    "9   belladonna,....   72
Olive oil,........  198'"   blistering,..            72
Opium,...201                 "   breast,.         74
Opodeldoc,                     161    "    white,.76,, liquid,                162    "   cantharides,              72
Orange berries,...... 124    "           "       perpetual,  73
"'  flowers,..            111.'    conium,                    73
"    leaves,.                117    "        " with ammoniac,  74
peel, bitter,...   60    "   court, English,...  71
Orris root...     231    "    diachylon, compound,   76
" "Florentine,..    231    "    fontanel,.....  70
Ox bile, inspissated,.        101    "   galbanum with saffron,  75
"    purified, dry,         101    "'   hyoscyamus,..  76
Ox gall, inspissated,..    101    "    issue,......    70
"    refined, dry,...  101    "    lead,......  77
Oxymel of colchicum,... 201              "  compound,..  76
" simple,                   202    "   melilot,.77
"    squills,               202    "   mercurial,                75
Oyster shells, prepared,  57    "'   mezereon,  cantharidated,.77
" opium,.78
Pansy,.             143    "    oxycroceum,              79
Paper, anti-rheumatic,          49    "'   of Paris,.      41
"t  saltpetre,.....    49   "'   pitch, irritant,.      79
Paraguay Roux,...         288    "    red-lead,.         78
Paregoric elixir,.....  284    "   saffron,.....  79
Parsley fruit,......   129   c,  soap,.....        79
"    seed......   129    "   stomach,.....   72
Pearlash........    151    "   universal,....  75
Pectoral tea,.            244    "   white-lead,..         73
"      "  with fruits,       244 Poison-ivy,.......  123
Pellitory root,......   222 Poison-oak.......   123
Peppermint......   120 Polygala, European, bitter,    141
"      lozenges,..    233 Pomegranate root, bark,.        62
Petroleum, crude,.             198 Poplar buds,......   134'i    naphtha,...   14 Poppy heads,......   129
Phagedenic water,.            27   "   red.......   115
Phosphorus,.......    204   "   seeds,....... 240
Pills, aloes, ferrated,...   204 Potash, crude,...        151
6" iron, carbonate,         205   "    prussiate, yellow,.    155
C" Italian,... 204 Potassa,........ 152




345
Page                                Page
Potassa, caustic,.         152 Quinia, bisulphate,..    50
t       It"  solution,.. 169    "   hydrochlorate,..       50
"    solution,..... 169    "   and iron, citrate,.         50
Potassium, acetate,.          151    "   muriate,.....  50
solution,. 168    it  sulphate,.               51
"c    arsenite,    ". 168    "   tannate,                      51
~"    bicarbonate,.       151    "   valerianate,.            52''   bitartrate,... 268 Quinine,........          49
~"    borotartrate,.. 268 Quinoidin,.......    52
e"    bromide,....   154
l"    carbonate,... 152
"    crude,    151 Reagents,........  313
a   "  pure,    152 Rennet, essence,.171
cc' "        purified,  152    "   wine,.                  171
It    solution,  152 Resin,.                         56
r"    chlorate....   153   "   of jalap,.                227
r" ferrocyanide,           155 " scammony,.228
e"    ferrotartrate,       269 Rest-harrow root,.              22I'"   iodide,.            155 Rhatany root,...... 222
nitrate,....    153 Rhubarb,......         222
"     permanganate,.    153 River's effervescing draught,. 208
1"    and sodiumtartrate, 969 Rochelle salt,...... 269
it    sulphate,..       154 Rose, hundred-leaved,..    115
"     sulphuret, for bath-        "  pale,....... 115
ing,.            156 Rosemary leaves,....            121
i"    sulphuret, for inter-    Rue leaves,.                   121
nal use,.... 155
it    tartrate,.....  154'"       "'  acid,         268 Saffron,........   62
Powder, aromatic,.           211 Sage leaves,....... 121
arsenical of Come,    211 Sal ammoniac,......    18
"   Dover's,..... 211 Sal soda........184
IC  effervescing,..      210 Salep,........  293
It     t:    aperient, 210 Salt, common......   183
gum arabic, comp'd,. 211   "  culinary,...... 183
"   infant,.....   212   "  of tartar,.               152
"   ipecacuanha, comp'd, 211 Saltpetre.......   153
"   lemonade,....212                Chili.. 185
"   pectoral,.....    212          "    paper,.....           49
"   refrigerant,.         213 Sandarac........  234
"   Seidlitz,.....  210 Santonica,.....  112
" soda,..... 210 Santonin,........                   234
Precipitate, red,.....   147 Sarsaparilla,.               224
"      white,..         148 Sassafras root,...... 160
Primrose flowers,.....   114      "   wood,...... 160
Pulsatilla,.......  142 Savine,.258
9"   anemone,....   142    "   tops,.258
Scammony resin,..... 228
s"    root,..... 224
Quassia,........   159 Scurvy-grass, common,... 138
Quickens,.......  231 Sea sedge,.......   228
Quicksilver,.                  144 Seidlitz powder,.         210
Quince seeds,......   238 Seignette salt,...... 269
Quinia,........    49 Seneka root,..225




346
Page                               Page
Senna,......... 122 Solution, iron, tersulphate,         167
"   exhausted by alcohol,   122   "      Labarraque's,.       170
"   Alexandria,....   122   "          mercury, subnitrate,  167
"   Tripoli,...... 122   "       potassa,..169
Serpentaria,....... 225   "         potassium, acetate,    168
Silver leaf.......   31   "                 arsenite,. 168
"   nitrate, crystallized,   31   "          "     carbonate,  169
" fused,..  32 "   soda,... 170
Soap, Castile,..     236   "        "  caustic,.       170
"  common, hard,.         235   "        "  chlorinated,.    170
"  jalap,.......  235''    sodium, carbolate,    169
liniment,.....  162   "                  "   citrate,.  208
"    volatile,... 161 Spanish flies,......   42
"         "    camphorated,. 161 Specific gravity of liquids,.    325
medicinal,.. 236 Spermaceti,...48
"  soft,.                  237      "      saccharated,        48
"  terebinthinated,... 237 Spilanthus, spear-leaved,.      42
Soapwort,.......  223 Spirit of ammonia,.... 163
Soda, caustic, solution,... 170    "        "c   anisated,. 162
"  chlorinated, solution,   170    "    angelica, compound,. 246
"  muriate,.....  183    "             ants,.....   248
powders,..210    "    balm, compound,.  249
solution,.....    170    "    camphor,....   247
tartarated,..... 269    "    chloric ether,..    245
Sodium, acetate,..... 184   "C    ether,.....  245
"    biborate,.....   38    "           "  chloric,.    245
"     bicarbonate,.... 184    "          "  nitrous,... 246
"    borate,....         38    "    juniper,.....   248
"    carbolate, solution,    169    "    lavender,..   248
carbonate, commercial, 184    "     Mindererus,... 162
" I    dried,      185   I'    mustard,..... 250
"        c "   pure, crys'd, 184   i'    nitrous ether,..    246
"    chloride, pure,... 183'"   rosemary,.... 250
citrate, solution,.. 208   ",   soap,...        250
ferro-pyrophosphate,   187    "     wild thyme,.         250'    hyposulphite,.        188 Spirits of turpentine,.       200
C    nitrate,..185 Sponges, compressed,.    251''    phosphate,.          186     "     tent,...             251
pyrophosphate,.      186     "     waxed,.....    251
santonate,....187 Spunk,........ 131
sulphate,.... 188 Squill,....... 39
"    dried,.     188 St. Germain tea,.....  244
Solution, ammonia,.... 163 St. John's bread,..... 126
"9    ammonium, acetate,. 162 Star-anise,....... 124
it         "1  carbonate,  163 Starch, wheat,......   20
99" "           pyrocarb.,. 163 Storax, liquid,... 254
"   succinate,.  164 Stramonium  leaves,....  122
"1    antimony, chloride,. 172      "6       seeds,.... 241
"    terchloride, 172 Strychnia,. 253
iron, acetate,... 165       "    nitrate.... 254
"  perchloride,.. 166 Sublimate, corrosive,.       144
" persulphate,. 167 Suet,...... 237,, protochloride,. 165 Sugar.,                         234,"," sesquichloride,. 166   "   of lead,...... 207




347
Page                               Page
Sugar of milk,...... 234 Tallow........  237
Sulphur, flowers,.....  257 Tamarinds,......       209
9"     It   purified,      256      "     pulp, crude,..    209
"    washed,.. 256        "      "  prepared,.. 209
"    iodide,..... 257 Tamarind whey,..... 242
"    liver,......   155 Tar,.....   206
milk,...... 257 Tartar emetic,...... 270
"    precipitated,.      257 Tea, for gargling,..244
"  sublimed,.. 257    Mexican,.                             137
Swedish bitters,..... 272  "  pectoral......  244
Sweet flag.......  228                   with fruits,.    244'"  marjoram,.....   140  "  plant, Mexican,.            137
oil,....... 197  "  St. Germain,.....  44
pod,....... 126 " wood,... 243
spirits of nitre,...  246 Theden's vulnerary water,.    180
Sydenham's laudanum,.        284 Theine,........    54
Syrups,... 258 Theriac,.......   68
Syrup of almonds,..       259 Thermometers,...  328, 336'    balsam of Peru,.    260 Thyme,........ 143
"    buckthorn,..        265   "    mother of,.... 142
"  chamomile,.    260 "  wild,..         142
"    cherries,..         260 Tinctures,.    271
"    cinnamon,.... 261 Tincture of aconite root,.         271
"     curled mint,... 264         "    aloes,..... 272
i"   fennel,....          262               "'  compound,. 272
"    gum arabic,.    262         "    ants,.....  280
it   ipecacuanha,... 263          "    arbor vite,... 289
" iron, iodide,.          261       "    arnica,....  273
i"     "  oxide,.         262 " aromatic,..                  273
lemon,..            268       "'             acid,.    273
liquorice,...    263       "'   assafetida,... 274,'    manna,.             263       "    belladonna,...   274
"    marshmallow,.        258      i'  -benzoin,....   274
"-    opium,.....  264             "    bitter,.....  272
"     orange flowers,      259            calamus,.... 274
it      "   peel,.        259       "    cantharides,... 275
"    peppermint,.        264'    capsicum,....    275
i    poppies,.            264       "    cascarilla,.        275:'    "'    red,... 265           "    castor, Canada,.   276'    raspberry,.         266''   Siberian,. 276
"    red poppies,...    265       "    catechu,.....   276
"    rhubarb,..    265'    cinchona,.          276
"    saffron,..    261          "       " compound, 277
"     sarsaparilla, comp'd, 266      "    cinnamon,.         277
"     seneka,..    267       "    colchicum,.        277
"     seneka with manna,. 267        "        "    seeds,.    277'C   simple,.             267       "    colocynth,           278'" digitalis,            278
it"     "    ethereal,   278
Table A,........ 316            "    ergot,..... 287
"  B,.......               320 "          euphorbium,...       279
"C,.                       321    "  ferrated extract of
" alcoholmetric,.          326               apples,.280
"  of weights,.            330       "    gentian,.           281




348
Page                               Page
Tinctureofginger,..... 289 Troches of sodium, bicarbonate, 291
guaiac,..         281 Turmeric,.......               229
"   ammoniated, 281 Turpeth root,......  224
"    hellebore, European,    Turpentine,.......  270
green,....   282           "    European,... 270
"    jalap, resin,... 286       "    Venice,.... 270
"    Indian hemp,.. 275
"    iodine,..   282
"   colorless,    282 Uva ursi,..123
"    ipecacuanha,..    283
iron, acetate, ether'l, 279
"       "  chloride, "    280 Valerian root,......  226
"   "  protochloride,  279 Vallet's mass,......  205
"    kino,..    283 Vanilla,........                130
"    lobelia,.           283    "4   saccharated,...    304
mace,..       283 Veratria,........    304
"    musk,.       283 Verdigris,...          14
"    myrrh..... 284   i"    crystallized,..   63
"    nutgalls,....   281 Vermilion,....        149
"    nux vomica,.    288 Vienna black draught,..    150;C    " "          ethereal, 288 Vinegar,........    1
" opium,..  285  4 aromatic,.                               1
C"    "1 camphorated, 284        "    of colchicum,..       2
I"     " and saffron,. 284      "    of digitalis,...   2
orange-peel,.. 274     "    pure,......            2
pimpinel,..    285     "    of raspberry,.         3
poison-oak,.       289     "    of squill,.   3
quinoidin,.       277     "    wood, crude,.         2
"    rhatany,.          286     "      "  rectified,         3
rhubarb, aqueous,.  286 Virginia snakeroot,.          225
" " vinous,    287 Vitriol, blue,......   64
" saffron,...          278     "   green,......    104
spilanthus,... 288     "   white, pure,.... 310
"    squill,.           287 Volatile liniment,..... 160
It"    "  alkaline,.    287         soap liniment,..  161
"    stramonium,...    288
"    valerian,.... 289'   "    ethereal,. 289 Walnut hulls,......  61
vanilla,..   289      "   leaves, European,.    118
"    woods,.            285 Wash, black,......  27
"    wormwood,...   271    "  yellow,......    27
Toad-flax, common,.... 140 Water of ammonia,...    163
Tobacco, Indian,.....  140    "  aromatic,..   - 22
"    leaves,.            120    "  assafetida, compound,.  25
Toothache pills,.           206   "'  balm,......  26
Tormentil,....... 232    "  bitter almonds,..            21
Tormentilla root,..... 232             " "   "    diluted,  21
Tragacanth,...  290    "  Chamomile,...             22
Troches,.....  290    "              concentrated,  23
of ipecac.,.... 290    "  Cherry,.                    21
magnesia,.       291    "      "   laurel,..      25
"'     morphia, acetate,. 291    "  chlorine,.....  23
r"     peppermint,.       233    "  cinnamon,.               23
("     santonin,.         291    "       "    spirituous,.  24




349
Page                              Page
Water, common,.....  24 Whey, alum,..                   242
" creasote,.25 " sour,........ 242
"  curled mint,.           26   "   tamarind,.              242
"  distilled,.24 Whortleberries,.....                      128
"  elder flower,.          30 Wine,......... 305
it"    "    concentrated,  30   "   antimonial,....  307
"  fennel,.  24   "   aromatic,.....    305
"  lead,.28   "   camphor,.....   306
" I'  Goulard's,..        28 " cinchona,.....    306
"  lime,.......  22   "   colchicum seed,.            306
"  linden flowers,..     30   "   ipecacuanha,.           306
cc"      "  concentrated,  30   "   pepsin,...       307
"  melissa,.....   26   "   red, genuine,...   305
"  opium,.                 27 " sherry,...    305
I'  orange flowers,...  24   "   white, genuine,... 305
"  parsley......           27 Wood tea.......               243
"  phagedenic,.27    "   vinegar crude,.                   2
"  peppermint,              26    "      "   rectified,         3
It"     "      spirituous,  26 Wormseed, Levant,.... 112
"  raspberry,.....    29 Wormwood,......    136
it      "    concentrated,  29
"  rose,.                  29
"  sage,.......            29 Yarrow,.......        141
"    "  concentrated,..  30    "    flowers,.....  114
"  tar,......   28 Yellow wash,......  27
"  Theden's vulnerary,. 180
"  valerian,.....    31
"' vulnerary, spirituous,.  31 Zedoary root,......  233
~ "    "      Theden's,    180 Zinc, acetate,...... 307
Waters, distilled,.....   21   "  chloride,.             308
Water-hemlock seed,..        129   "  ferrocyanide,.           308
Wax, white,......  46   "  flowers,...... 310
"  yellow,......    46   "  lactate,.....    309
Weight and measure,..    329   "  oxide, commercial,.    310
Weight and measure of U. S.         "    "   pure,.... 310
Pharmacopoeia,.            335   "  sulphate,.....    310
Weight and measure of British       "  valerianate,....  310
Pharmacopoeia,..335 Zittmann's decoction, milder,   66
Whey,...   242   "              "   stronger, 65
"I  acid,.                 242








INDEX
OF THE LATIN NAMES AND SYNONYMS.
(The Synonyms are in Italics).
Page                               Page
Acetum,.                       1Acidum lacticum,.      8
"   aromaticum,.         1    I"   muriaticum,.      7
"   Colchici,..        2    "          "     crudum,.   8
concentratum,.         4    "   nitricum,.         9
"   crudum,.1                            "   crudum,          9'   destillatum,..      2    "         "   dilutum,         9'   Digitalis,.2'        "   fumans,         10'   glaciale,..        3    "'  nitroso-nitricum,         10
plumbicum,..       171    "   phenylicum,..   6
purum,...   2    "   phosphoricumrn,.            10
"   pyrolignosum crudum,   2            santonicum.           234
"'  pyrolignosum   rectifi-        "   succinicum,.         10
catum,..       3    "   sulfuricum,..        11
i Rubi Ideei,..          3    "          "    crudum,.  11
"   saturninum,.       171     "               dilutum,     11
"   Scille,...    3               "    fumans,       12'L  scilliticum,..  3    "          "    rectificatum,  11
i   Vini,.                  I  tannicum,.                     12
Acidum aceticum,.               3'   tartaricum,..       12
I'      "   aromaticum,    4    "   valerianicum,..  13
"   concentratum,   3 Aconitinum,...    13
"e      "   dilutum,         4 Adeps suillus,.                 13,"   arsenicosum,.        4 Aerugo,.                        14
benzoicum,               5    "   crystallisata,.       63
"    sublimatum,   5 Aether,...          14'   boracicum,..         5    "  aceticus,.          14
"   boricum,..          5    "  cantharidatus,.         56
"   carbolicumr crudum,      5    "  Petrolei,.          14
"     crystallisa-        "   sulfuricus,.            14
tum,        6 Aethiops mineralis,.           148
chloro-nitrosum,         6 Aethylenum chloratum,.         15
"   chromicum,.          6 Agaricus albus,.         131
citricum,.7 Alcohol Sulfuris,.                        43
gallo-tannicum,.       12'   Vini,...   245
"   hydrochloratum,.        7 Alo,...        15
"     crudum,   8   "  Capensis v. lucida,.           15
"   hydrochloricum,.   7 Alumen,.                          15
":~       L' "    crudum,   8    CC   ustum,.          16
t"'"   dilutum,   8 Alumina hydrata,.                  16




352
Page                               Page
Ammoniacum;.          16 Aqua fcetida antihysterica,     25
Ammoniacum carbonicum,          17         "   Pragensis,.        25
It     I" pyro-oleosum,  17   "  fortis,...   9
It     cuprico-sulphuri-       G" Goulardi,..           28
cum,.        64   "  Kreosoti,.             25
cc      hydrochloratum,    18   "  Lauro-Cerasi,..        25
t"      hydrochloratum-         "  Melissee,..         26
ferratum,        18   "      "    citratce,.      26
it     solutum anisatum, 162           "    concentrata,      26
it     succinicum  solu-        "  Menthbe crispoe,.        26
turm,.      164              piperitee,.       26
Ammonium carbonicum,            17          "  spirituosa,  26
"r'"  pyro-oleos.,  17                     vinosa,      26
chloratum,.       18   "  mercurialis nigra,.        27
"1       "'   ferratum,  18   "  nigra,...  27
muriaticum  mar-            Opii,...  27
tiatum,.       18   "  oxymuriatica,.            23
"      phosphoricum,      18   "  Petroselini,..         27
Amygdalae amarve,.             19'  phagedvenica,..        27
"I   dulces,.             19            i I     nigra,       27
Amylum Marante,.               19   "  picea,...  28
"   Tritici,.         20   "  Picis,...  28
Anthodia Cince,.         112   "  Plumbi,..28
Antidotum Arsenici,.        20   "       "    Goulardi,..  28
Antimonium crudum,            252   "       "'  spirituosa,        28
Aquae destillate,.         21   "  plumbica,..          28
Aqua Amygdalarum amararum,  21   "  regia,..            6
Aqua Amydalarum amararum             "  Rose,.29
concentrata,..        21   "  Rubi Idoei,.              29
Aqua Amygdalarum  amara-             "       "     concentrat,.  29
rum diluta,.       21        S talvie,.30
"  antihysterica Pragensis,    25          I "   concentrata,.  30
"  aromatica,...  22   "  Sambuci,..             30
"  Asce fctida compos.,      25   "'   concentrata,.  30
"  Calcarie,.          22   "  saturnina,..          28
~"    "    ustce.       22   "  Tilie,..           30
Calcis,...    22   "  concentrata,..             30
"  cephalica,...  22   "  Valeriane,..            31
"  Cerasorum,.           21   4'  vegeto-mineralis Goulardi,  28
" Cerasorum arnygdalata,.  21   "  vulneraria spirituosa,       31
"'  Chamomille,..         23            "      vinosa,.       31
14    t"       concentrata,  23 Arcanum duplicatum depuratum, 154
"  chlorata,.         23 Argentum, foliatum,              31
i'  Chlori,.           23      It    nitricurn  crystalli"  Cinnamomi,.              23               satum,.         31
it     "'      spirituosa,.  24     "c    nitricum fusum,       32
"r    " ~     vinosa,        24      "'  cum
communis,.          24              Kali nitrico,      32'  destillata,.          24      "      nitricum, fusum
Embryonumn,.             22              mitigatum,.        32
"  Florum Aurantii,.        24 Argilla,.                       32
F' Florum Naprhe,.         24    "    hydrata,..          16
"'  Fceniculi,.          24    "   pura,..               16




353
Page                               Page
Arillus Myristicce,.      174 Cadmium sulfuricum,.     39
Arsenicum album,.        4 Calcaria,.42
Asa feetida,.  33    "    carbonica prsecipitata,   40
Atropinum;...  33    "    chlorata,.              40
"     sulfuricum,.     33    "    hypochlorosa,..  40
Aurantia immatura,.    124    "    phosphorica,             41
Auro-Natrium chloratum,.  34    "    soluta,.               22
Autum chloratum natronatum,   34    "    sulphurica usta,.        41
"   foliatum,..      34    "    usta,.                 42
"'  muriaticum natronatum,  34 Calomelas,...   145
Axungia Porci,...  13        "    vapore paratum,. 145
porcina,..        13 Calx chlorata,.                 40
"  viva,.                 42
Camphora,...  42
Cantharides,.                 42
Bacece Cubebe,...       62 Capita Papaveris,....  129
"   Juniperi,..       128 Capsulce Papaveris,.           129
"   Lauri...         128 Caragaheen,....  44
"   Myrtilli,..      128 Carbo animalis,..  43'   Rhamni catharticce,     130   "   Carnis,.                  43
Spince cervince,.    130   "  prceparatus,.              43
Balsamum Arccei,..       296   "  pulveratus,                 43
t"    Copaivoe,.        34 Carboneum sulfuratum,.          43
C"   de Tolu,..         35 Cardamomum minus,               125
t"    Emb2ryonum,.         22        "      Malabaricum,    125
4"   Indicum,...  35 Carice,.              44
"     1Nucistee,...  47 Carrageen,.44
"     Peruvianum,..         35 Caryophylli,.44
r"  "  nigrum,  35       "      aromatici,          44
t"    Sulphuris,.       196 Castoreum Americanum,..  45
it       it"    terebinthi-         "     Anglicum,             45
natum, 200       "     Canadense,            45
"     Tolutanum,..  35         "    Europceum,..  45
("    Vitee externum,      237    G" ermanicum,.              45
"('VitCe bHoffmanni,    179      "    Moscoviticum,.       45
Baryta muriatica,.           36      "     Polonicum,            45
Baryum  chloratum,             36      "     Rossicum,.            45
Benzinum,...    36            Sibiricum,            45
"     Petrolei,.           36 Cataplasma ad decubitum,       208
Benzoe,.                      36 Catechu,.                       45
Bismuthum hydrico-nitricum,.  37 Cera alba,...  46
Bismuthum subnitricum,         37   "  citrina,...  46
1"    valerianicum,        38   "  flava,...  46
Boletus Chirurgorum,          131 Ceratum Aeruginis,               46,"   igniarius,.          131    "    Cetacei,.             47
",  Laricis,.           131    "            rubrum,         47
Bolus alba,...    32          citrinum,.             48
Borax,.              38    "    labiale album            47
Bromum,.                      39         "        "  rubrum,..  47
Bulbus Scille,..              39    "    de Minio rubrum,         78
Butyrum Antimonii,            172           Myristicae,            47
t"    Cacao,.           190    "    Picis,..48
9"9    Nucistce,.          197    "    Resinae Pini,           48
t"   Stibii,.            172    "           "  Burgundicce,  48
30*




354
Page                               Page
Ceratum viride,..       46 Cortex Cinnamomi Zeylanici,.  5-9
Cerussa,.                      48    "   Frangulae,.            60
Cetaceum,..             48   i"  Fructus Aurantii,.         60
"    cum Saccharo,.       48                 Citri,           60
prceparatum,.       48    "       "   Juglandis,        61
"    saccharatum,.        48    "  Mezerei,                   61
Charta antarthritica,.     49    "  Nucum Juglandis,           61
"   antirrheumatica,.       49    "  Pomorim Aurantii,         60
IC  nitrata,..        49    "   Quercus,                  61
"   resinosa,..        49        Radicis Granati,.        62
China grisea,.                58    "  Rhamni Frangulce,.  60
Chininum,....  49 Cremor Tartari,                               268
bisulfuricum,.       50    "       "   solubilis,.    268
ferro-citricum,      50 Crocus,.          62
"     hydrochloratum,       50 Crystalli Tartari,             268
hydrochloricumrn,.  50 Cubeb,...                62
"     muriaticum,.     50 Cuprum aceticum,.               63
"    sulfuricum,.        51    "   aluminatum,               63
it        "c   acidum,.  50    "    ammoniacale,               64
"     tannicum,.     51    "    oxydatum,.              63
"     valerianicum,.       52    "    subaceticum,             14
Chinioideum,.                 52    "    sulfuricum  ammoniaChinoidinum,..             52                         turn,   64
Chloralum hydratum crystalli-                   "      crudum,.  64
saturn,   52    "               purum,       64
Chloroformlum,..      53
Chlorum solutum,..    23
Cinchoninum,3   ecocta,.                                          65
"      sulfuricum,       5  Decoctum Salep,                 182
7 s77fi       *                Sars3parill composiclineres clavellati,.       151SarsaparillcomposiCinnabaris,.. 149                             tum fortius,        65
innaari... 149   "   Sarsaparillve composiCinnamomum acutum,..           59                  Mi             66
Coccionella,.                54tu  mitius,                       66
Codel nurnr  54                      "    Zittmanni,             65
Coffeinum,..               4 Deutojoduretum Hydrargyri,    144
Coll piscium,..5 Dextrinum,....   66
Collodium,..    55
"     cantharidale,.      56 Elaeosacchara,.                 67
"     cantharidatum,       56 Elaylum chloratum,.              15
"     elasticum,.     56 Electuarium lenitivum,           67
"t   fiexile,..       56       "      e Senna,            67
"    vesicans,..       56       "      Theriaca,           68
Colocynthis,...   126       c      theriacale,         68
Colophonium,...  56 Elemi,....  68
Conchae prweparate,...     57 Elixir acidum Halleri,         179
Coniinum,....  57          amarum,                  68
Cortex Cascarill,...  57'   Aurantii compos.,            69
Chine Calisaye,.        58        ad longam vitam,.      272
i"  fuscus,..  58 "8  paregoricum,..    284
"  regius,.        58   "  pectorale,                 69
ruber,.       59   "   Proprietatis Paracelsi,    69
Cinnamomi acuti,.        59   "   roborans Whythii,.       277
"     Cassie,.  59   "   e Succo Glycyrrhizc,.  69
t: s     r    Chinensis,    69   "        "   Liquiritive,      69




355
Page                                 Page
Elixir viscerale Hoffmannii,.  69 Emplastrum  opiatum,..  78
"   Vitrioli Mynsichti,. 273        "c      oxycroceum,.79
Emplastrum adhaesivum,.  70        c       Picis irritans,.  79
It       I'  Anglicum,   71          c       Plumbi comp.,.76,"        c"  Edinburg-              c          "   simpl.,      76
ense,.  70        "       saponatum,.  79
c"     album coctum,.  73          "       Spermatis Ceti,.  47'      arAmmoniaci,.  71         "       stomachicum,.  72
"      aronaticum,.  72           "       universale,..  75
Asce fcetidce,.  74     "c       vesicatorium ordi-:"      Belladonn,.  72                    narium,..  72
Cantharidum  or-             I4      viride,...  46
dinarium,   72 Emulsio Amygdalarum  com"  perpetuum, 73   posita,.                         80'   ecephalicum,..         78 Emulsiones,...  80
Cerussae,..  73 Ergotinum,...  98
Cicutce,..  73 Essentia Pepsini,... 307
"'        "  mcum Am-    Euphorbium,... 80
moniaco,.        74 Extracta,..             81
"'     citrinum,..  48 Extractum Absinthii,..  82
"'     Conii,...  73        "      Aconiti,...  82
"   arnmonia-            "      Aloes,..        82
catum,   74:       c" Acido sulfurico'"     diachylon comp.,.  76                     correctum,.  82
"c          "    simpl.,   77       "      Aurantii Corticis,.  82
fetidum,..  74       "     Belladonnse,..  84
ad Fonticulos,.  70       "      Calami,..         84
fuscum,             74      "      Cannabis Indic.,.  84
Ph. Bor.,  75       "      Cardui bened.,.  85
"     campho-             "      Carnis,..         85
ratum,.  75':    "  Liebig,.  85
Galbani crocatum,  75'     Cascarill,..  85
Galbani rubrum,.   79      "      catholicum,..  97
de Galbano croca-           "      Centaurii,..  86
tumrn,..  75        "      Chamomille,..        86
Hydrargyri,.  75  Chelidonii,.                      86
Hyoscyami,.  76         "      Chinve frigide para-,"     Lithargyri corn-                            tum,..       87
posit.,.  76      "        "   fuscae,..  87
r         c "    r molle,.  76     "      Cinoe,.            87
"e        "    simplex,   77       "      Colocynthidis,.  88
"c     Matris album Ph.             "           "      compoSax.,       76                          situm,   88
cc"      "   fuscum Ph.             "     Colombo,..  88
Sax.,.  74       "     Conii,...  89
Meliloti,..  77       "      Cubebarum,..  89:"     mercuriale,.        75      "     Digitalis,..  89
(      MMezerei canthari-'    Dulcamarse,..  89
datum,,..  77        "      Fabae Calabaricne,.  90
"      Minii adustum,.  75         "     Ferri pornatum,.  90
t''" rubrum,.  78       "     Filicis,...  91
"'    de Minio rubrum,   78         "      Gentianae,..  91:"     nigrum,..  75         "      Glycyrrhizce,..  93
"c     Noricum,..  75          "           "it    crudum,  255




356
Page                                Page
Extractum  Glycyrrhizme depu-       Ferrum hydricum,... 106
ratum,.. 255    "    Hydrogenio reductum,  108
c"    Graminis,..  91    "    jodatum,... 104
" Gratiole,..  92    "        "    saccharatum, 105
hcemostaticum,.  98    "    lacticum,... 105
"     Helenii,...  92    "    muriaticum oxydatum, 109
"     IHyoscyami,.         92    "            oxydulatum,  102
Lactucae virosse,.  92    "    oxydatum fuscum,. 106
t"    Ligni Campechiani,  93'        "    hydratum,. 106
t"    Liquiritive Radicis,  93    "         "     saccharatum
"     M~Malti,...  93                        solubile,  106
"(         "6 ferratum,.  94    "    phosphoricum,.. 107
"t    Mezerei,.,  94    "    pulveratum,.. 107
I"    Millefolii,..  94    "    pyrophosphoricum cum
Myrrhse,..  95               Ammonio citrico. 108
"     Nucum  vomicarum            "'   reductum,..         108
aquosum,.         99    "    sesquichloratum,        109,"    Nucumn  vomicarum                       " "    solutum, 166
spirituosum,.  99   c"   sulfuric. crudum,. 109
c"    Opii,...  95    "           "    oxydatum ampanchymagogum,.  97                        moniatum, 109
Physostigmatis,.  90    "        "    purum,.. 110'"    Pulsatills,           95    "        "    siccum,..    110
"     Quassie,..  96    "    sulfuricum venale,. 109
"'    Ratanhae,..  96 Fici,...       44
Rhei,...  96 Flores Alcece,.                    113
"6     "i  composit.,.  97    "  Arnicsee,... 111
"     Sabinae,...  97    "  Aurantii,.       111
Scillse,..     97    "  Benzoes,.                    5
Secalis cornuti,.  98    "  Brayerce anthelminthicce,  113
"     Senegoe,..       98    "  Chamomill. Romanse,. 111
Stramonii,..  98    "         "      vulgaris,    112
Strychni aquosum,.  99    "  Cine,..   112
"  spirituosum,   99    "  Kosso,.... 113'"    Taraxaci,.. 100,' Lavandulae,.                 113
Trifolii fibrini,. 100    "  Lavendulac,              113
~"    Valerianoe,. 100    "  Malvoe arboreae,           113
"    "    hortensis,.      113
"    "    silvestris,.     114
Faba Calabarica,... 100    "    "    vulgaris,.           114
Farina Hordei praeparata,. 101    "  Millefolii,                114
Fel Tauri depurat. siccum,. 101    "  Primule,                  114
I"   "  inspissatum,.       101    "      "     veris,          114
Ferro-Ammonium citricum,. 104    "  Rhceados,                    115
Ferro-Kali tartaricum,.. 269         Rose,..   115
Ferro-Kalium cyanatum,.    155    "  Sambuci,                    115
Ferrum  carbonicum  sacchar-           "  Sulphuris,               257
atum,... 102    "'         "    loti,.. 256
chloratum,... 102    "  Tilie,...   116
t"   solutum,. 165    "  Verbasci,                   116
citricum ammoniatum, 104    "  Zinci,...   310
cumAmmonio             Folia Althaese,                116
citrico,. 104' Arctostaphyli,             123
"    oxydatum,. 103    "  Aurantii,... 117




357
Page                                 Page
Folia Belladonnae,.            117  Gallcxe Halepenses,.        132
"  Cardui benedicti,         136    "  Levanticce,.         132
"  Digitalis,.           117    "  Tircicce,.          132
"  Farfarse,.            118 Gelatina,..                     132
H' yoscyami,.               118   4"       Carrageen,.       133
"  Juglandis,.             118    "       Lichenis Islandici,. 133
"  Laurocerasi,.            119          "              "  sac"  Malvse,.              119                  charata sicca,  133'  Melisse,... 119  Gemmce Pini,.                    293
"  Menthae crispee,          120    "    Populi,.       134'"  Menthoe piperite,..    120 Glandule Lupuli,.      134
"  Millefolii,... 141    "        Rottlerce,... 156
cc Nicotiane,.             120  Globuli Martiales,.    269
"  Rosmarini,.             121 Glycerinum,..          134
" Rute,...  121 Gummi Arabicum,.                   135
"  Salvise,...   121    "'   Elemi,.                     68
"  Senne,..              122    "   Kino,.                   157
"        Spiritu extracta,  122    "   Mimosce,..       135
"  Stramonii,.             122   T" Tragacantha,.            290
"  Toxicodendri,             123  Gummi-resina Ammoniac.,           16
"  Trifolii fibrini,.. 123    "       "   Asa fetida,.  33
"  Uvae Ursi,.             123    "       "   Galbanum,         132
Formylumn trichloratum,.        53   c"    Gutti,.               135
Fructus Anisi stellati,         124    "       "   Myrrha,           183,    ", vulgaris,.          124    "       "  Olibanum,.         201,"    Aurantii immaturi,    124 Gutta Percha depurata,.           135, Cannabis,.                125    "  Tuban,...   135
"    Capsici,.            125 Gutti,....   135'   Cardamomi minores,  125  Gypsum ustum,.           41, Caricc,...   44
"c   Carvi,.             126 Hepar Sulphuris ad usum interIt   Ceratonise,.           126                     num,.        155
It   Colocynthidis,          126    "             pro balneo,. 156
it         "    praeparati,  127 Herba Absinthii,.             136
9"    Coriandri,.           127    "   Althcece,... 116
I    Cu bebce,.            62    "   Belladonnce,.             117
"    Fceniculi,.            127    "   Botryos Mexicance,         137
it   Juniperi,.             128    "   Cannabis Indicse,.. 136
I,    Lauri,.            128    "   Cardui benedicti,..       136
",   Myrtilli,.            128    "   Centaurii,..137
"    Papaveris,.            129    "        "      minoris,       137
I"   Petroselini,            129    "   Chelidonii,.              137
Phellandrii,.. 129    "   Chenopodii ambrosioidis, 137'    Rhamni catharticae,    130    "   Cicutce,.          138'   Sabadillse,.            130'  Cochlearise,... 138
"    Tamarindorum,.         209    "   Conii,.                  138'    Vanille,.             130    "'  maculati,.        138
Fucus crispus,.                 44    "   Digitalis purpurece,       117
Fumigatio chlori,.            131    "   Farfarce,.          118
Fungus igniarius prseparatus,   131     "   cum  Floribus Linarice,  140
"    Laricis,.           131   "'  Galeopsidis,.              139'   Gratiolse,.       139
Galbanum,.                     132   ",  Hyoscyami,.              118
Galle..                       132    "   Jacece,.                  143




358
Page                                Page
Herba Lactucae,.            139 Hydrargyrum  oxydulatum  nivirose,.. 139                  tricum solutum,  167
Linariae,.           140       L   prsecipitatum album, 148
"    cum Floribus,.  140      "    sulfuratum  nigrum,  148
"   Lobelie,.            140..rubrum, 149
"    in-flatce,.     140
"   Majoranve,.            140
Malve,.                 119 Ichthyocolla,...  55
Meliloti,.           141 Infusa,.. 149
Melissce,.          119 Infusum Sennae compositum,   150
Menthce crispce,        120 Jodoformium,.                   150
*   "    piperitce,.    120 Jodum,.             150
"   Millefolii,... 141
Nicotiance,..        120
"   Polygalae,.           141 Kali aceticum,..       151
tr"     "    amarce,..     141   "      "     solutum,.       168
"   Pulsatille,... 142   "  bicarbonicum,.                  151
"'    nigricantis,   142   "  bitartaricum purum,. 268
Rhois Toxicodendri,. 123   "  Borussicum,... 155'
"  Roris marini,            121  L"  carbonicum crudum,. 151
"  Rosmarini,.             121   "              depuratum,. 152
"  Rutt?-,..            121   "       "      e cineribus claSabince,.      258                     vetlatis,. 152
"  Salvice,...      121   "       "      e Tartaro,. 152
"  Serpylli,                142   "       "      purum,.         152
Spilanthis,             142   "       "      solutum,. 169,, "r         oleracece,. 142   "  causticum fusum,.. 152
"  Stramonii,               122   "  chloricum,... 153
Tabaci,.                120   "  hydricumfusum,.. 152
"   Thymi,                  143  11"      "    solutum,.. 169
Trifolii fibrini,.    123   "  hydrobromicum,.. 154
"' Tussilaginis,.           118' hydrojodicum,..155'   Uv  U Usi,              123   "  hypermanganicum crystalViolve tricoloris,.. 143         lisatum,..     153
Hirudines,.143   "  muriaticum oxygenatum,. 153
Hydrargyrum,... 144   "  nitricum,.153
c    amidato-bichloratum,  148   "  sulfuratum pro balneo,  1. 56
"    ammoniato -muriati-         "  sulfuricum,.            154
cum,.. 148   "  tartaricumr,.            154
"    bichlorat. corrosivum, 144   "      i     boraxatum,      268
"    biiodatum rubrum,. 144 Kalium bromatum,.                 154
"    chloratum mite,. 145    "   ferrocyanatum,             155
chloratum mite lcevi-        "   jodatum,.             155
gatum,.. 145    "   sulfuratum,.                155
"    chloratum  mite va-               "   "    ad balneum, 156
pbre paratum,. 145 Kamala,...    158
"    depuratum,.. 145 Kermes minerale,.                252
jodatum,..       146 Kino,.             157
"    flavum,. 146 Kreosotum,..                 157
"    muriaticum mite,. 145       "6    solutum,              25
"    nitricumoxydulatum, 146
oxydatum rubrum,. 147
"    viahumida        Lac Sulvhuris,.. 257
paratum,  147 Lactucarium,..       157




359
Page                                Page
Lactucarium Germanicum,        157 Liquor Hydrargyri chlorati miLaminaria,... 158             tis cum Calcaria usta,  27
Lapis causticus chirurgorum,    152    "   Hydrargyri nitrici oxy"  divinus,.                 63            dulati,..       167
"  infernalis,                32        IKali acetici,.. 168
c"     "     nitratus,        32    "         arsenicosi,..   168
Laudanum,   2....201    "           "  carbonici,.. 169
"i  liquidum Sydenhami, 284                 caustici,.. 169
Lichen Islandicus,..       158    "   Natri carbolici,.. 169
"   " -r ( ab amaritie     "     "   caustici,.. 170
liberatus, 158              chorati,.. 170
Lignum Campechianum,. 159    "               hpochiorosi,      170
Guajaci,.    159       IPlumbi subacetici,. 171
159    i   Potassce,... 169'I Surinamemsis,  159    "   seriparus,.      171," Sodee,.170
sanctum,               159    "
sanctum,... 159    "   Stibii chlorati,.. 172
"    Sassafras,... 160    It  Terrcefoliatce Tartari,  168
Limatura Martis prceparata,. 107
Linimentum ammoniatum,. 160 Lithium carbonicum,..           173
"      ~ammoniato- cam-       Lixivium causticum,             169
phoratum,. 160 Lupulin,.             134
saponato- ammo-        Lycopodium,...   173
niatum,.. 161
("    saponato-camphoratum,.. 161 Macis,...1. 74
c"    saponato-campho-        Magisterium Bismuthi,            37
ratum liquidum, 162 Magnesia alba,.       174
1c     volatile,.      160      "    carbonica,            174
Liquor Ammonii acetici,        162       c   citrica effervescens,. 174.,     c"   anisatus,       162      "    hydrico-carbonica,    174
",      "c   carbonici,    163       "    lactica,.           175
c       r,;c    py_-          "    sulfurica,.           175
ro-oleosi,. 163               I "    sicca,     176
",   LC" caustici,          163      "    usta,..        176
"r'~   " Lspirit-      Manganum hyperoxydatum,    176
uosus,. 164 Manna,..                        177'"  succinici,. 164 Mastiche,..... 177
"   anodynus martiatus,     280 Mastix,.                       177
"    mineralis Hoff-     Meconium,....   201
manni,   245 Mel,....  177
"   Bellostii,.167   " depuratum,.                        178
"   Chlori,.                23   " rosatum,....  178
Cornu Cervi succinatus,  164 Mercurius dulcis,.           145
F Ferri acetici,.   165      "    jodatus ruber,.      144
"     "'  chlorati,.. 165      "    prcecipitatus albus,. 148
('    LL muriatici oxydati,  166                 "    ruber,   147
"(   ci'"  oxydulati, 165        "    sublimatuscorrosivus, 144
",  "c sesquichlorati,      166      "    vivus,... 144
"L   "(  sulfurici oxydati, 167 Minium,..                     178
E Hollandicus,.        15 Mixture ghtmmosa,.             179
"   Hydrargyri  bichlorati          "    oleoso-balsamica,      179
corrosivi cum  Cal-         "   sulfurica acida,.       179
caria usta,.      27    "    vulneraria acida,        180




360
Page                                Page
Morphinum,.... 180 Oleum cadinum,... 195
t"   aceticum,            180    "   Cajeputi,.            191
c"   hydrochloricum,   181,*           "    rectificatum,    191
"     sulfuricum,.       181    "c  Calami,.             191
Moschus,..181    It  camphoratum,                        191
Mucilage Cydoniae,.            182     t  Carvi,..192
"    Gummi Arabici,        182    "   Caryophyllorum,.         192
"    Salep,.           182    "   Cassice,..       193
Museae Hispanicce,...  42    It  Castoris,... 198
Myrrha,.....               183    "   Chamomillae sethereum,  192
It       I "      coctum,. 192
It       4 "      infusum, 192
Naphtha Aceti,.             14   6"  Cinnamomi,.              193
Vitrioli,...  14                     Cssi,        193
Natrium chloratum purum,       183     t       "      Zeylanici,   193
Natro-Kali tartaricum,         269    "   Citri,... 193
Natrum aceticum,.             184   4"  Cocois,... 193
"    biboracicum,.        8    It  Corticis Aurantii,.      190
"    biboricum,.            38    "  Crotonis,.             194
"   bicarbonicum,           184    "  de Cedro,.             193
carbonicum crudum,  184    c, Florum Naphce,              190
crystallisatum        F' tceniculi,.             194
crudum,      184    "  Hyoscyami coctum,         194
"  "  depuratum,    186.      "     infusum,      194'~       "t purum,.         185    "  Jecoris Aselli,           194
siccum,.. 185    "  Juniperi,.              195
"    hydricum solutum,      170,, "    empyreumati"    hyposulfurosum,.    188                    cum,.  195
"   muriaticum purum,    183,c  Lauri,.                    195
"    nitricum,.            185   c,   "6  expressum,.         195
"    phosphoricum,.        186    It   "c  unguinosum,         195
pyrophosphoricum,      186    "   laurinum,.             195
"    ferratum, 187    "  Lavandulse,.              195
"   santonicum,.. 187    "   Lini,...       196
"   subsulfurosum,.        188          II " sulfuratum,.. 196
"    sulfuricum,            188    cc  Macidis,.             196
"    siccum,     188'   Majoranse,.             196
Nitrum cubicum,.            185    "   Menthae crispae,.       197
"   depuratum,.            153    "      "    piperitse,.. 197
Nux moschata,.                 240   M" yristicse,.               197
" vomica,.                  241  N" eroli,..    190
"  Nucistce expressum,      197'  Olivarum,.             197
Oculi populi,... 134    "  Palmce Christi,            198
Olea mtherea,.... 189    "  Papaveris,..            198
Oleum Amygdalarum,             189    "   Petrae Italicum,.. 198
"  animale aethereum,       189    "   phosphoratum,            198
t"    "    Dippelii,.    189    "  Ricini,..       198
"   Anisi,.                190    "   Rosae,.                 199
"  Anthos,.             199    "  Rosmarini,.              199
"  Aurantii Corticis,       190    "  Sabine,.              199
"      "    Florum,         190    "   Sinapis,.            199
"   Bergamottse,            190    "   Succini rectificatum,    199
"  Cacao,..190    "   Terebinthinae,                     200




361
Page                                Page
Oleum Terebinthinae rectifica-      Pulvis infantum,... 212
tum, 200   "   Ipecacuanhoe opiatus,   211
rr"      "   sulfuratum,   200   "   ad Limonadum,.            212
"   Thymi,.             200   "   Liquiritime compositus,  212
Valeriane,..        200   "   Magnes. cum Rheo,         212
Olibanum,... 201   "   pectoralis Kurellce,. 212
Opium,.             201   "   refrigerans Ph. Badens., 212
Oxymel Colchici,.          201    "       "   Ph. Germanice, 213
"    Scillse,..      202   "   temperans,..          213
"    simplex,.          202
Radix Alkannrs,..        213
Pasta Althcece,..       203   "   Althe,... 218
"   Glycyrrhizce,..      203    "   Angelicse,.      214
"  Guarana,..         202   "   Archangelicce,.       214
gummosa,..         203   "   Arnicae,                  214
"  Liquiritive,              203  A" rtemisie,.              215
Petroleum crudum,..        198   "   Asari,..       215
Phosphorus,.... 204   "   Bardanae,..           216
Pilulie aloeticse ferrate,.   204'  Belladonne,..         216
ferratce Valetti,.     205   "   Calami,..       228
"   Ferri carbonici,.      205   "   Caricis,.                 228
I talicce nigrc,.      204;'  Carline,..         217
Jalapse,..    205   "   Chince,...   229
"   odontalgicse,.      206   "   Colombo,..          217
Piper Hispanicum,..        125   "   Columbo,..         217
Pix alba,.                    227   "   Curcumce,.         229
" liquida,.206  "  Enulce,...  218
navalis,.206   "   Filicis maris,.      230
" nigra,.           206   "   Galangce,..         230
" solida,                     206'   Gentianae,..        218
Placentae Seminis Lini,.      207 1      Glycyrrhizce echinatce,. 220
Plumbum aceticum,.. 207   "            "  Hispanica,. 220
"    carbonicum,.         48   "   Graminis,..         231
"    hydrico-aceticum  so-        "   Helenii,..        218
utum,. 171   "   Hellebori albi,.                232'    hydrico-carbonicum,   48   "   Hellebori viridis,.       219
" iodatum,... 207   "   Imperatorice,.      231
"    oxydatum,.        172'"  Jalapce,..       292
"    tannicum pultiforme, 208   "   Ipecacuanhae,.         219
Poma Colocynthidis,.       126   "   Iridis Florentince,.     231
Potio Riveri,..208   "   Levistici,.                      220
Protojoduretum Hydrargyri,    146   "   Liquiritive glabree,       220
Pulpa Tamarindorum cruda,. 209   "           "      mundata,      220
It'  " depurata, 209   "'       "      Russica,      220
Pulvis aerophorus,..       210   "   Ononidis,..         221,c       "     Anglicus,. 210   "   Pimpinelle,.               221
"i      " r    laxans,. 210   "   Pyrethri,... 222
"   "  Seidlitzensis, 210   "     "      Germanica,. 222
antacidus,...      212        Ratanh,... 222
"   aromaticus,..        211        Rhei,...   223
"   arsenicalis Cosmi,       211    "   Salep,...   293
"   Doweri,..         211   "   Salsaparillce,.       224
"   Glycyrrhizce compositus, 212   "   Saponariae,..    223
"   gummosus,..          211   "   Sarsaparillke,.      224
81




362
Page                                Page
Radix Sassaparillee,           224 Sal sedativwum Hombergii,.        5
"   Scammoniae,.            224   " Sodce crudus,               184
"   Senegae,.            225  "   L  depuratus,.             185
"   Serpentarie,.           225  " Succini volatile,.           10
"   Taraxaci,.            225  " Tartari....   152
"    cum herba,    226  " volatile Cornu Cervi,.         17
Tormentillce,.         232  "    "   siccum,.               17
Valerianre,.          226 Sanguis Draconis,                226
minoris,      226 Sandaraca,                      234
"r       "    montance,      226 Santoninum,...  234
"   Veratri albi,.          232 Sapo domesticus,                235
"   Zedoarice,.           233       Hispanicus,.          236
"   Zingiberis,.           233   "  jalapinus,                 235
Resina Benzoe,.                36   "  kalinus,.... 237
Colophonium,             56'' medicatus,                 236
"   Draconis,.            226   "  niger,.                 237
"   Elemi,.                   68   "  oleaceus,.                 236
empyreumatica liquida,  206   "  terebinthinatus,           237
"( Gj   solida,. 206   tc Venetus,.                 236
"   Guajaci,.       227   "  viridis,...  237
"   Jalape,.             227 Saturationes,.                237' Kino,... 157 Sebum,.         237
"   Mastiche,.            177 Secale cornutum,..      238
Pini,.... 227 Semen Amygdali amarum,              19' Burgundica,.      227    C'"           dulce,.        19
Sandaraca,.            28.. 4    "   Anisi stellati,      124
"   Scammonire,.             228    "        "  vulgaris,        124
Rhizoma Asari,.             215    "   Cannabis,                125
it   Calami,.             228    "   Cardamomi minoris,       125
Caricis,.           228    "   Carvi,.                 126
"    Chinae,...   229    "   Cine,....   112
"    Curcumre,.. 229    "   Colchici,                 238
"    Filicis,.           230    "   Coriandri,... 127''   Galang,... 230         C (Dydonis,              238
"    Graminis,             231   Daturce,.                 241
Imperatorire,        231    "   Fceni Graeci,            239'    Iridis,...      231    "   Fceniculi,               127'C   Tormentillve,         232    "   Hyoscyami,.              239
"'    Veratri,.           232        Lini,.                 239
"    Zedoarioe,            233    "   Lycopodii,.              173
"t   Zingiberis,           233    "   Myristicae,              240
Roob Juniperi,.              255'   Papaveris,                 240
Rotulae Menthae piperitae,     233    "6  Petroselini,             129
Phellandrii aquatici,    129
"   Physostigmatis,         100
Saccharum,....  234    "   Quercus tostum,.         240'"    Lactis,.           234    "  Sabadillce,               130
I    Saturni depuratum,  207    "  sanctum,                   112
Sal amarum,...   175    "   Santonici,                112
Anglicum,...   175'   Sinapis,                  241
" ammoniacum depuratum,        18    "   Stramonii,... 241
" essentiale Tartari,          12    "   Strychni,                241
"mirabile Glauberidepuratum, 188 Serum Lactis,...                242
" polychrestum Seignetti,. 269       "'"  acidum,           242




363
Page                                 Page
Serum Lactis aluminatum,. 242 Spiritus Vini rectificatissimus,.  245
"     "'  dulce,...242              "   rectificatus,. 247
t"   cc  tamarindinatum,  242 Spongiae cerate,... 251
Siliqua dulcis,.               126     "    compressse,... 251
"   Vanillce,.       130 Stibio-Kali tartaricum,.. 270
Sinapismus,.243 Stibium  sulfuratum  aurantiaSoda,..                        184                            cum, 251
Solutio arsenicalis Fowleri,    168 Stibium sulfuratum crudum,. 252
Species aromatice,..       243     "         "     laevigatum,  252
ad Decoctum Lignorum, 243'         "    rubeum,. 252
"   emollientes,.       243     "    sulphuratum   nigrum
"   ad Gargarisma,.         244            lcevigatum,.       252
"   ad Infusumr pectorale,. 244 Stipites Dulcamarse,.        253
"   laxantes St. Germain,  244 Strvehninum,...        253
"   pectorales,.            244       "       nitricurn,.       254
(1"      "  cum Fructibus,  244 Styrax liquidus,... 254
Sperma Ceti,...  48 Succinum,... 254
Spiritus,.             245 Succus Juniperi inspissatus,    255
oethereus,..       245    "   Liquiritia crudus,         255
" JEtheris chlorati,   245    "         "    depuratus,    255
"r         "r   nitrosi,     246    "   Sambuci inspissatus,      256
Ammoniaci caustici          Sulfur depuratum,..         256
Dzondii.       164    "  iodatum,..          257
Angelicoe compositus, 246    "  proecipitatum,.          257
"    Anthos,... 250    "   sublimatum,.       257
camphoratus,.        247 Sulphur auratum Antineonii,    251
Cochlearioe,.      247    "    stibiatum aurantiacum,  251
dilutus,..       247''    rubeum,         252
Ferrichloraticethereus, 280 Summitates Absinthii,.        136
"    Formicarum,.         248      "      Meliloti,.       141
" Juniperi,..           248       "      Millefolii,.      114
"    Lavandulao,.       248              Sabinve,.       258
"    Melissse compositus,. 249 Syrupi,.                         258
"    Menthae crispse Angli-      Syrupus albus,..267
cus,  249          Althee,..        258
"    piperitse An-                Amygdalarum,.          259
glicus,  249          Aurantii Corticis,      259
Mindereri,..    162    "          "   Florum,         259
"    muriatico-cethereus,    245    "    Balsami Peruviani,. 260
"    Nitri dulcis,.      246    "    balsamicus,.       260
"  fumans,.          10    "    Capillorumn Veneris,. 259
"    nitrico-cethereus,      246    "    Capitum Papaveris,    264
nitroso-cethereus,     246    "    Cerasi,... 260
"    Rosmarini,.       250    "    Chamomillse;.          260
"    Salis,...   8    "    Cinnamomi,.           261
"  ammoniaci anisa-           "    Croci,.            261
tus,  162    "    Diacodii,..       264
"     "'      "causticZus,  163    "    domesticus,..    265
"  dulcis,.       245'    emulsivus,.             258'   saponatus,..        250   F' erri jodati,.. 261
Serpylli,..      250'      " oxydati solubilis,  262
"    Sinapis,... 250    "    Faeniculi,.. 262
Terebinthince,.      200    "    Glycyrrhizce,.         263
"    theriacalis,..    246    "    gurnmosus,.       262




364
Page                               Page
Syrupus Ipecacuanh,.. 263 Tinctura Benzois,.. 274, Liquiritisa,              263     ~    Calami,... 274
Mannae,               263      "    Cannabis Indicae,. 275
"    Menthae crispa,.. 264       "    Cantharidum,.. 275
i "   piperitam,   264     "    Capsici,... 275
"    opiatus,              264      "    Cascarillse,.. 275
"    Papaveris,             264     "    Castorei Canadensis, 276
Rhamni catharticee,   265     "       "    Sibirici,     276
Rhei,...    265        "    Catechu,... 276
Rhceados,             265     "    Chinae,... 276
Rubi Idaei,.         266              " "  composita,. 277
"c   Sacchari,              267     "    Chinoidini,.      277
"    Sarsaparille  compo-           "    Cinnamomi,.. 277
situs,              266     "    Colchici,... 277
Senegoe,              267      "    Colocynthidis,.. 278
Sennm c. Manna,       267'   Croci,... 278
"    simplex,               267     "    Digitalis,.. 278
"    Spince cervince,      265      "          e  therea,.'78
Succi Citri,          268      "    Euphorbii,.. 279
Ferri acetici setherea, 279
c"  chlorati,.. 279
Taffetas adhaesivum,            71     "    "  oetherea, 280
Tamarindi,...   209             t "  pomata,.. 280
Tartarus boraxatus,           268      "    Formicarum,.. 280
"    depuratus,            268     "    Gallarum,... 281
"    emeticus,             270     "    Gentianee,... 281
"    ferratus,             269     "    Guajaci,... 281
"    natronatus,           269'           "    ammoniata, 281
"    stibiatus,.          270'    Hellebori viridis,. 282
"    ta tarisatus,         154     "    Jodi,... 282
"    vitriolatus depuratus,  154   "      "  decolorata,. 282
Terebinthina,...  270      "    Ipecacuanha,.. 283
r"    communis,          270    K" ino,... 283
"t    laricina,          270     "    Lignorum,.. 285
Laricis,         270           Lobeliae,... 283
("      Veneta,          270''    Macidis,... 283
Terra foliata Tartari,        151           Meconii,... 285
"6 "',,~ " ~ crystallisata,  184'    Moschi,... 283
Japonica,..  45       "    Myrrhve,... 284
Theinum,.                      54     "    Opii benzoica,.. 284
Theriaca,.                 68            "  crocata,.       284
Thus,.          201'     "  simplex,.. 285
Tinctursa,.               271      "    Pimpinella,.. 285
Tinctula Absinthii,           271'   Pini composita,. 285'4   Aconiti,              271,'   Ratanhbe,... 286
it   Aloes,                272     "    Resinme Jalapn,. 286
c" composita,      272      "    Rhei aquosa,.. 286
"    amara,                272            I "  Darelii,.. 287
Arnicae,              273     "      "  vinosa,.. 287
"    aromatica,            273     "    Scillae,              287,, I"   acida,             273     6,  "  kalina,.. 287
Asoe fcetidwe,        274     "    Secalis cornuti,.. 287, Aurantii Corticis,    274        "    Seminis Colchici,     277
"    Belladonnao,.    274     "    Spilanthis composita, 288




365
Page                                Page
Tinctura Stramonii,.       288 Unguenturn irritans,            294
Strychni,..       288      K" alii jodati,            298
"' etherea,     288       "      leniens,           298
Thebaica,..       285       "      Liarire,           299
"    Thuje,... 289          "      Majoranae,.       299
"r'' occidentalis,    289       "      Mezerei,            299
"    tonico-nervina Bes-             "      narcotico-balsamituscheffii,  280             cum Hellmundi,  299
" Toxicodendri,.          289      N" Neapolitanum,           297
"    Valeriane,.  289            "      nervinum,          302
It"      "    oetherea,. 289        "      ophthalmicum,    300
"    Vanille,..        289       "            "  composi"    Zingiberis,.      290                           turn, 300
Tragacantha,..    290       "           "  St. Yves, 300
Trochisci,.           290       "      opiatum,           300'    Ipecacuanhs,.        290      "C    oxygenatum,          301
" Magnesive ustoe,         291       "      Plumbi,            301
Morphiui acetici,    291          "         "  hydrico-carNatri bicarbonici,    291                        bonici, 295'   Santonini,.        291       "        "  subcarbonici, 295
Tubera Aconiti,..        291                    tannici,     301
" Jalapae,..         292       "     populeum,           302
"   Salep,.               293        "      Populi,            302
Turiones Pini,...   293        "      rosatum,           302'"    Rosmarini compositum,  302
Unguentum acre,.293                     "      Sabinae,           302
I"    album. simplex,     295       "      stibiatum,         303
t"    Althcece,.       296       "     Stibio-Kali tartaarsenicale Hell-                                 rici,  303
mundi, 294         "     sulfuratum  combasilicum,.       294                       positum, 303
-' 4 Belladonnoe,     294           "      "   simplex, 303
Cantharidum,       294       "      Tartari stibiati,. 303
cereum,.       295       "      Terebinthinme,     303
I"    Cerusse,.. 295               "          "   composi(("       "  camphora-                                 turn  304
tum, 295       "       Zinci,.           304
1"    Conii,.. 295
ad Decubitum,      301
diachylon Hebroe, 296 Vanilla saccharata,.            304
i"    digestivum,.       304 Veratrinum,...   304
"r    Digitalis,.      296 Vinum,.                         305
"l s  Elemi,... 296    "   aromaticum,.. 305
"4   ~flavum,.. 296    "   camphoratum,.            306
"'    ad Fonticulos,     294    "   Chin,.. 306
Glycerini,.. 297    "   Colchici,... 306
Hydrargyri amnidato-     "   emeticum,.             307
bichlorati, 297    "   Ipecacuanhoe,           306,, ", cinereum,. 297    "   Pepsini,..                307
"  proEcipitati         "   pepticum,                307
albi, 297    "   stibiatum,.. 307
"  rubrum,. 298    "c  Stibio-Kali tartarici,    307
"r    iHyoscyami,.       298  Viride Eris,.                  14
31*




366
Page                                 Page
Vitriolum album purum,.. 310 Zincum lacticum,                    309'apri,                64     "   muriaticum,               308
Martis,               109     "   oxydatumn purum,          309
"r     "(  purium,.        110     "        "    venale,.. 310
"    sulfocarbolicum,  310
slfophenyliZincum aceticum,... 309                               cum,  310
"   chloratum,... 308       "   sulfuricum,..    310
"   ferrocyanatum,.. 308         "   valerianicum,.        311




INDEX
OF THE GERMAN NAMES.
Page                                 Page
Abkochungen,..     65 Anis,.               124
Aetherweingeist,..    245' gemeiner,                    124
Aethylenchlorid,..  15 Anisl,.             190
Aetzammoniakfliissigkeit,       163 Arabisches Gummi,                135
it      weingeistige,  164 Arnikabluithen,... 111
Aetzkali,.                      152 Arnikatinktur,                   273
Aetzkalilauge,.. 169 A rnikawurzel,                    214
Aetznatronlauge,..    170 Arquebusade, weisse,              31
Aetzstein,..         152 Arrow-root,...    19
Akonitin,...   13 Arsenige Siure,                     4
Alantwurzel,.... 218        "       "   Gegengift,.  20
Alantwurzelextrakt,..  92 Arsenik, weisser,...    4
Alaun,.....  15 Arseniksalbe, Hellmundsche,   299'". gebrannter,..     16 Atropin,.                         33
Alaunmolken,.                   242     "    schwefelsaures,.        33
Alexandrinische Sennesblatter,  122 Aufgiisse,.                 149
Alkannawurzel,..  213 Augensalbe,.... 300
Alo,.....  15           "       zusammengesetze
Aloeelixir, saures,..   69                 rothe,.       300
Aloeextrakt,..83 Austerschalen, priiparirte,.   57
I"    mit Schwefelsaure,ersetztes,.  83
Aloetinktur,.... 272 Bdrentraubenblatter,.. 123
"     zusammengesetzte,  272 Barlappsamen,                      173
Altheebltitter,..    116 Baldrian,.... 226
Altheesalbe,.... 296 Baldrianextrakt,... 100
Altheewurzel,.... 213 Baldrianl,                         200
Altschadenwasser,..   27  Baldriansdure,...   13
Ameisenspiritus,... 248 Baldriantinktur,                  289
Ameisentinktur,.         280 28               atherische,     289
Ammoniakgummi,.        16 Baldrianwasser,                   31
Ammoniakpflaster,..  71 Beifusswurzel,                    215
Ammonium, brenzlich-kohlen-          Belladonnabldtter,..       117
saures,..  17 Belladonnaextrakt,.               84
filissiges brenzlich-    Belladonnapflaster,...  72
kohlensaures,. 163 Belladonnatinktur,.            274
phosphorsaures,.  18 Belladonnawurzel,.                216
Amlnoniumfliissigkeit, anishal-      Benzoe,.                        36
tige,  162 Benzosiisure, sublimirte,.         5
bernsteinsaure,  164 Bcnzoitinktur,... 274
essigsaure,. 162  Benzin,.                         36
c"     kohlensaure,. 163 Bergamottl1,.                      190




368
Page                                Page
Bernstein,.                254 Brechweinstein,... 270
Bernsteinol, gereinigtes,.     199 Brechwurzel,...          219
Bernsteinsiure,                 10 Brechwurzel-Pastillen,.. 290
Bertramwurzel,... 222 Brechwurzelwein,... 306
Beruhigungssaft,               2641 Brom,..... 39
Bibergeil, canadisches,         45 Bromkalium,...           154
"'    sibirisches,          45 Brustelixir,...   69
Bilsenkraut,.                118 Brustpulver,...  212
Bilsenkrautextrakt,..  92 Brustthee,.                      244
Bilsenkrautil, fettes,         194     "'    mit Frfichten,        244
Bilsenkrautpflaster,            76 Buchenholztheerkreosot,.. 157
Bilsenkrautsalbe,              298
Bilsensamen,.                 239 Cajeputol,                      191
Bitterklee,..          123      "' gereinigtes,           191
Bittermandelwasser,             21 Calomel,.         145
Bittersalz,....   175 Campecheholz,                   159
"     entwiissertes,       176 Campecheholzextrakt,             93
Bittersiissextrakt,             89 Canadisches Bibergeil,           45
Bittersiissstengel,            253 Canthariden,....   42
Blankenheimer Thee,.. 139 Caragaheen,....   44
Blasenpflaster,...       72 Carbolsiure,....    6
Blattgold,.                 34       c'    rohe,...   5
Blattsilber,....   31 Carrageengallerte,... 133
Blauholz,.                 159 Centif'olienrose,,          115
Bleicerat,... 301 Cerat, gelbes,....   48
Bleichfluissigkeit,... 170 Chilisalpeter, gereinigter,     185
Bleiessig,...               171 Chinaextrakt,.               87
Bleiglitte,...          72        i'      kaltbereitetes,   87
Bleioxyd, essigsaures,.. 207 Chinarinde, braune,..  58
i"  gerbsaures breiartiges, 208'i    rothe,..
Bleipflaster,....   77 Chinatinktur,....  276
Bleisalbe,..            301       "    zusammengesetzte,  277
"     gerbsaure,           301 Chinawein,...   306
~"    Hebra'sche,          296 Chinawurzel,....  229
Bleiwasser,....   28 Chinin,..                      49
i"    Goulard's,           28    "   baldriansaures,..  52
Bleiweiss,..          48    "   gerbsaures,...  51
Bleiweisspflaster,...  73    "   salzsaures,..          50
Bleiweisssalbe,.       295    "   saures schwefelsaures,.  50
99      mit Kampfer,. 295    "   schwefelsaures,..  51
Bleizucker,.... 207 Chinoidin,....  52
Blutegel,.        ~.. 143 Chinoidintinktur,.. 277
Blutlaugensalz,... 155 Chloralhydrat, krystallisirtes,   52
Bockshornsamen,                239 Chlorbaryum,..        36
Bolus, weisser,                 32 Chloreisentinktur,..        279
Borax,..                       38'    "         dtherische,   280
Boraxweinstein,                268 Chlorgoldnatrium,..          34
Bors'iure,.       Chlorkalk,..        40
Braunstein,....  176 Chloroform,                              53
Brausepulver,..             210 Chlorriucherung,..          131
"'     abfiihrendes,     210 Chlorwasser,....             23
i"     englisches,       210 Chlorzink,                      308
Brechnuss,....  241 Chromsure,...      6
Brechwein,....  307 Cinchonin,....   53




369
Page                               Page
Cinchonin, schwefelsaures,     53 Eisenoxyd, pyrophosphorsaures
Citronenl,...      193   mit citronensaurem AmmoCitronensaftsyrup,            268   nium,.         108
Citronens-ure,                  7 Eisenoxydhydrat,.             106
Citronenschale,                60 Eisenoxyd-Natron, pyrophosCochenille,...      54   phorsaures,... 187
Codein,...         54 Eisenoxydul, entwassertes
Cold-Cream,...  298                 schwefelsaures, 110
Collodium,....   55        "c     milchsaures,. 105
"I    blasenziehendes,     56        "      reines schwefel",   elastisches,          56                 saures,.. 110
Colophonium,                   56        "      phosphorsaures,.  107
Coniin,..                     57 Eisenpulver,... 107
Cosmisches Pulver,.           211 Eisensalmiak,...  18
Cubeben,.                     62 Eisensyrup,... 262
Eisentinktur, aipfelsaure,.   280
it    sitherische essigDecoct, milderes Zittmannsches, 66               therische essig"'  stirkeres Zittmannsches, 65 Eisenvitriol,.      109
Dextrin,.                     66        it109
Dower'sches Pulver,           211              reiner,            110
Drachenblut,.226 Eisenweinstein,                   269
Dreiblatt,.                123 Eisenzucker,                   106
Elaylchlorid,.15
Elemi,.....  68
Eberwurzel,.217 Elemisalbe,                                      296
Edinburger Heftpflaster,       70 Elixir, bitteres,                68
Eibischkraut,...  116 Emulsionen,...   80
Eibischsaft,...    258 Engelwurzel,                    214
Eibischwurzel,... 213 Engelwurzelspiritus,  zusamEichelkaffee,...   240  mnengesetzter,.             246
Eichenrinde,...    61 Engl. Krauseminzessenz,         249
Eisen, reducirtes,            108'   Pfefferminzessenz,        249
"   zuckerhaltiges kohlen-       Englisches Brausepulver,. 210
saures,.. 102       "     Pflaster,.          71
Eisenalaun, ammoniakalischer, 109 Enzianextrakt,                   91
Eisen-Chinin, citronensaures,.  50 Enziantinktur,                281
Eisenchlorid, fifissiges,.. 166 Enzianwurzel,   2...  18
94     krystallisirtes,    109 Essig,..         1
Eisenchlorfir,.              102'  aromatischer,               1,4    fuiissiges,        165   "   reiner,..           2
Eisenextrakt, ipfelsaures,     90 Essigither,...  14
Eisenflassigkeit, essigsaure,  165 Essigsdure,..            3
Eisenhutextrakt,.            82      "      gewfirzhafte,.       4
Eisenhutknollen,.           291      "      verdiinnte,           4
Eisenhuttinktur,... 271 Euphorbium,.                     80
Eisenjodiir,...       104 Euphorbiumtinktur,              279
Eisenjodiirsyrup,... 261 Extrakte,                         81
Eisenoxyd-Ammonium, citronensaures,... 104
Eisenoxyd-Ammonium, schwe-         Faulbaumrinde,                  60
felsaures,... 109 Feigen,.           44
Eisenoxyd, citronensaures,    103 Feldkfimmelkraut,               142
I"    flussiges schwefel-     Fenchelholz,                    160
saures,. 167 Fenchell,....   194




370
Page                                Page
Fenchelsaft,...   262 Granatwurzelrinde,.              62
Fenchelsamen,.             127 Grunspan,.                      14
Fenchelwasser,.             24      "     krystallisirter,      63
Ferrocyankalium,... 155 Griinspancerat,                     46
Ferrocyanzink,.            308 Guajakharz,...  227
Feuerschwamm,.              131 Guajakholz,...   159
Fichtenharz,...   227 Guajaktinktur,                   281
Fichtensprossen,               293        "C   ammoniakalische,  281
Fieberkleeblitter,.          123 Guarana,..                     202
Fieberkleeextrakt,.           100 Gummi, arabisches,.           135
Fingerhutessig,.         2 Gummigutt,.                   135
Fingerhutextrakt,.             89 Gummi-Mixtur,                   179
Fingerhutkraut,.            117 Gummipasta,...  203
Fingerhutsalbe,...  296 Gurnmipflaster,                    76
Fingerhuttinktur,.            278 Gummipulver,                    211
C"       atherische,. 278 Gummischleim,                    182
Flechte, islandische,          158 Gummisyrup,.        262
Fleischextrakt,.            85 Guttapercha,...  135
Fleischkohle,...    43 Gutti,..         135
Fliederblumen,.            115 Gyps, gebrannter,                41
Fliederblumenwasser,            30
"'     concentrirtes,  30
Fliedermus,.... 256 Haller'sches Sauer,... 179
Fliegen, spanische,..       42 Hanf, indischer,..        136
Fontanellpflaster,              70 Hanfextrakt, indischer,.        84
Fowler'sche Tropfen,           167 Hanfk6rner,.                   125
Franzosenholz,.            159 Hanfsamen,...   125
Freisamkraut,.                 143 Haselwurzel,..         215
Froschlaichpflaster,.          73 Hauhechelwurzel,.. 221
Hauptpflaster,....  78
Hausenblase,....  55
Galgant,.                     230 Hausseife,.                 235
Gallipfel,.                132 Hebra'sche Bleisalbe,           296
Gallapfeltinktur,.           281 Heftpflaster,                    70
Gartenthymian,.. 143        "      Edinburger,         70
Gegengift der arsenigen Siiure,  20 Heidelbeeren,..             128
Geigenharz,...    56 Hellmund'sche Arseniksalbe,   294
Gerbsiture,..                12 Hellnmund's narkotisch-balsamGerstenmehl, priiparirtes,     101   ische-Salbe,..            299
Gewiirznelken,.             44 Herbstzeitlosensauerhonig,      201
Gichtpapier,...    49 Himbeeressig,.         3
Giftlattich,...    139 Himbeersyrup,                   266
Giftlattichextrakt,.           92 Himbeerwasser,                   29
Giftlattichsaft,.            157        "      concentrirtes,     29
Giftsumachblaitter,.          123 Hirschhornsalz, reines,          17
Giftsum achtinktur,..      289 Hoffmann'scher Lebensbalsam,  179
Glaubersalz,...   188 Hoffmann'sches Magenelixir,.  69
It    entwissertes,       188 Hoffmannstropfen,               245
Glycerin,.            134 Hohlzahn,....139
Glycerinsalbe,...      297 Hollunderbliithen,..        115
Goldschwefel,...   251 Hollunderbliuthenwasser,          30
Gottesgnadenkraut,.           139 H1llenstein,                     32
Gottesgitadenkrautextrakt,      92       "     salpeterhaltiger,    32
Goulard's Bleiwasser,           28 Holzessig, rectificirter,.      3




Page                                Page
Holzessig, roher,...   2 Kali, chlorsaures,... 153
Holzkohle,...   43   "  essigsaures,..         151
Holzthee,                      243       fflissiges, essigsaures,  168
Holztinktur,...  285            "   kohlensaures,    169
Honig,...           177   "  gereinigtes kohlensaures, 152
"  gereinigter,             178   "  neutrales weinsaures,      154
Hopfenmehl,....    134   "  reines kohlensaures,                152
Huflattigbl/itter,             118   "  rohes kohlensaures,        151
Hufsalbe,                      293   "  saures oder doppelt-kohlensaures,... 151
Indischer Hanf,... 136   "  schwefelsaures,               154
Hanfextrakt,..84         uibermangansaures,.       153
"    Hanfextrakt,           84
Indischhanftinktur,            275 Kalisalpeter,.                 153
Ingwer,                        233 Kalisayarinde,                   58
Ingwertinktur,                 290 Kalischwefelleber,.155
Ipecacuanhasyrup,. 263    l, gebrannter,.42
Ipecacuanhatinktur,            283  i"  pracipitirter kohlensaurer, 40
ld-cacnhes aMoos,             844 Kalkerde, phosphorsaure,         41
Irlandisch-Moosgallerte,         133 Kalkwasser,                    22
Irl.ndisch-Moosgallerte,.. 133 Kalmusextrakt.8
Islandische Flechte,.158 Kalmusextrakt,                     84191
Moos                        Kausil,. 19158
Kalmustinktur,                 274
Islaindisches Moos, entbittertes, 158 Kalmustntur                  274
Isl/andisch-Moosgallerte,.. 133   almswrzel ala,               228
Islindisch-Moosgallerte, trock-     Kamalale,                      15
ne gezuckerte,               133 Kamille.                        112
Italienische Pillen,... 204          rmisne,              1
Kamillenextrakt,.           86
Jalapenharz,.                 227 Kamillenol, atherisches,.      192
Jalapenharztinktur,            286      It      fettes,.        192
Jalapenknollen,                292 Kamillensyrup,.         260
Jalapenpillen,.         205 Kamillenwasser,                  22
Jalapenseife,.235                        "(        concentrirtes,  23
Jesuitenthee,...   137 Kampfer,..          42
Jod,....   150 Kampferliniment, fliichtiges,  160
Jodblei,.207 Kampferl,...  191
Jodeisen,.            104 Kampferspiritus,... 247
"    zuckerhaltiges,        105 Kampferwein,..306
Jodkalium,...   155 Kardamom, kleiner,.          125
Jodkaliumsalbe,                298 Kardobenedilktenextrakt,         85
Jodoform,...       150 Kardobenediktenkraut,.          136
Jodquecksilber, gelbes,        146 Karmelitergeist,                249
It      rothes,         144 Karrageengallerte,               133
Jodschwefel,...   257 Kaskarillextrakt,.            85
Jodtinktur,..             282 Kaskarillrinde,.          57
"     farblose,           282 Kaskarilltinktur,.          275
Johannisbrot,...   126 Katechu,.                         45
Katechutinktur,.         276
Kade61,.             195 Kellerhalsrinde,.          61
Kadmiumoxyd, schwefelsaures,  39 Kinderpulver,.         212
Kaffein,.              54 Kino,.              157
Kakaobutter,.... 190 Kinotinktur,...              283
Kalabarbohne,..    100 Kirschlorbeerbldtter,.. 119
Kajabarbohnenextrakt,.         90 Kirschlorbeerwasser,.         25




372
Page                                Page
Kirschsyrup,...   260 Kupfervitriol, reiner,            64
Kirschwasser,...    21       "        roher,            64
Klatschrosen,...   115 Kurkuma,...   229
Klatschrosensaft,.           265 Kusso,.          113
Klettenwurzel,.            216
Knorpeltang,..                44
KInigschina,..        58 Laabessenz,                     171
KEnigskerzenblumen,            116 Larchenterpenthin,.             270
KEinigssalbe,...   294 Ldrchenschwamm,..            131
KInigswasser,..       6 Lakriz,.                    255
Kochsalz, reines,.           183 Lakrizensaft, gereinigter,      255
Kokosoil,.....           193 Laugensalz, fliichtiges,         17
Kolomboextrakt,.              88 Lavendelblithen,                113
Kolombowurzel,.             217 Lavendell,....  195
Kolophonium,..56 Lavendelspiritus,                             248
Koloquinten,..                126 Lebensbalsam, Hoffmannscher, 179
"      priaparirte,.      127 Lebensbaumtinktur,              289
Koloquintenextrakt,             88 Leberthran,.                  194
i"   zusammengesetztes,  88 Leim, weisser,..         132
KEoloquintentinktur,           278 Leinkraut,...   140
Kopaivabalsam,.              34 Leinkrautsalbe,                 299
Koriandersamen,.             127 Leinkuchen,....  207
Kosso,..                113 Leinol,..       196
]Kossobliithen...   113   "    geschwefeltes,            196
EKrkhenaugen,.                 241 Leinsamen,....  239
Krahenaugenextrakt,wassriges,  99 Lieber'sche Kraiuter,            139
t"      weingeistiges,  99 Liebstickelwurzel,              220
Kriihenaugentinktur,.    288 Limonadenpulver,                212
it        *therische, 288 Lindenbliithen,,                 116
EKrauter, aromatische,         243 Lindenbliuthenwasser,            30
"    erweichende,           243          "       concentrirtes,  30
"    Lieber'sche            139 Liniment, flufichtiges,         160
Krauseminzblatter,.            120 Lippenpomade, rothe,             47
Krauseminzessenz, engl.,       249 Lithion, kohlensaures,          173
Krauseminzl,...   197 Lobeliatinktur,                  283
Krauseminzsyrup,.             264 Lobelienkraut,                  140
Krauseminzwasser,.             26 Lffelkraut,.... 138
Kreosot,...       157 Lffelkrautspiritus,.          247
Kreosotwasser,.             25 Lowenzahnextrakt,.             100
Kreuzblumenkraut,              141 Lowenzahnwurzel,                22.5
Kreuzdornbeeren,.             130       I"      mit dem Kraute, 226
Kreuzdornbeerensyrup,          265 Lorbeeren,.                  128
Krotonol,.              194 Lorbeerl,...   195
Kubebenextrakt,.              89 Lupulin,.         134
Kiichenschelle,.           142
Kiichenschellenextrakt,.       95
Kiihlwasser,...    28 Macis,.          174
Kfimmel,.            126 Macisol,.196
Kiimmell,...   192 Macistinktur,...  283
Kiimmelsamen,.             126 Magenelixir, Hoffmann'sches,.  69
Kupferalaun,...    63 Magenpflaster,.                  72
Kupferoxyd,...    63 Magnesia, brausende citronenKupferoxyd-Ammoniak,                      saure,....  174
schwefelsaures,           64 Magnesia, gebrannte,.. 176




373
Page                               Page
Magnesia, milchsaure,         175 Muskatbalsam,                    47
"    weisse,              174 Muskatbiithe,...  174
Magnesiapastillen,            291 Muskatblithenol,               196
Malvenblitter,                119 Muskatbutter,...  197
Malvenblithen, gemeine,       114 Muskatnuss,...  240
Malzextrakt,....   93 Muskatnussl,....  197
"     eisenhaltiges,     94 Mutterharz,...  132
Mandelemulsion, zusammenge-        Mutterharzpflaster, mit Safran
setzte,.                80   versetztes,.         75
Mandeln, bittere,              19 Mutterkorn,                     238
"    susse,                19 Mutterkornextrakt,               98
Mandelol,                     189 Mutterkorntinktur,              287
Mandelsyrup,...  259 Mutterpflaster, schwarzes,   74, 75
Manna,.         177        "       weisses,          76
Mannasyrup,...        263 Myrrhe,...     183
Mastix,..                    177 Myrrhenextrakt,                  95
Marantastirke,                 19 Myrrhentinktur,                 284
Meerzwiebel,...   39
Meerzwiebelessig,               3 Natron, doppelkohlensaures,   184
Meerzwiebelextrakt,            97    "    essigsau'res,           184
Meerzwiebel-Sauerhonig,       202    "   flissiges carbolsaures,  169
Meerzwiebeltinktur,           287    "    phosphorsaures,.    186
it       kalihaltige,  287    "   pyrophosphorsaures,   186
Meiran,.         140    "   reines krystallis. kohMeiran6l,                     196            lensaures..    185
Meiransalbe,.... 299    "   rohes krystallis. kohMeisterwurzel,                231            lensaures,           184
Melilotenklee,.... 141    "   santoninsaures,.. 187
Melilotenpflaster,             77    "   unterschwefligsaures,  188
Melissenblatter,              119 Natronpastillen,                291
Melissenwasser,                26 Nelkenil,... 
"      concentrirtes,    26 Nervensalbe,.                  302
Mennige,                      178 Nieswurzel grine,               219
Mennigepflaster, rothes,       78       "     weisse,             232
Mexikanisches Traubenkraut,. 137 Nieswurzeltinktur,.             282
Milchs-iure,...    8 Niirnberger Pflaster,            75
Milchzucker,.                234
Mineralkermes,                252 Oel, phosphorhaltiges,          198
Mohnkopfe,...  129 Oele, atherische,                189
Mohn6l,.                     198 Oelseife,.                     236
Mohnsaft,...        201 Oelzucker,...   67
Mohnsamen,...    240 Ochsengalle, eingedickte,         100
Molken,.                     242       "     trockne gereinigte,  100
"   saure,.               242 Olivenol,..                    197
Moos, entbittertes, islandisches,  158 Opium,...          201
i' irlindisches,.           44 Opiumextrakt,                    95
"  isliandisches,.         158 Opiumpflaster,                   78
Morphin,..      180 Opiumsalbe,...  300
" essigsaures,             180 Opiumsyrup,.                  264
"    salzsaures,           181 Opiumtinktur, benzoesiaurehal"    schwefelsaures,.     181                  tige,         284
Morphinpastillen,             291        "       einfache,.      285
Moschus,..                   180        "       safranhaltige,    284
Moschustinktur,               283 Opiumwasser,.... 27
32




374
Page                               Page
Opodeldok,.. 161 Pulver, aromatisches,.    211
"    fiuissiger,.. 162    "   cosmnisches,... 211
Orangenbliithenwasser,..  24    "   Dower'sches,.. 211
Oxycroceumpflaster,..  79    "   niederschlagendes,. 213
Pappelknospen,                134 Quassia,.                      159
Pappelpomade,                 302 Quassiaextrakt,.          96
Pappelsalbe,...   302 Quassiaholz,...   159
Parakresse,.          142 Queckenextrakt,.          91
Paratinktur,...   288 Queckenwurzel,.             231
Pastillen,.               290 Quecke, rothe,.         228
Pechpflaster, reizendes,.     79. Quecksilber,...   144
Pegu-Katechu,                  45 Quecksilberchlorid, atzendes,   144
Pepsinwein,...   307 Quecksilberchloriir,.         145
Perlmoos,.                 44          "       durch Dampf
Perubalsam,...    35                     bereitetes, 145
Perubalsamsyrup,.            260 Quecksilber, gereinigtes,.     145
Petersiliensamen,.           129 Quecksilberjodid, rothes,       144
Petersilienwasser,.           27 Quecksilberjodar,.            146
Petroleumither,                14 Quecksilberoxyd, pricipitirtes,  147
Pfeffer, spanischer,          125          "'       rothes,. 147
Pfefferminze,...      120 Quecksilberoxydul, flfissigessalPfefferminzessenz, engl,.    249                    petersaures, 167
Pfefferminzkuchen,            233          it      salpetersaures, 146
Pfefferminzil,.               197 Quecksilberpflaster,.          75
Pfefferminzsyrup,.           264 Quecksilberpraicipitat, rother,. 147
Pfefferminzwasser,.           26            "          weisser,  148
-"      weingeistiges,  26 Quecksilbersalbe, graue,.. 297
Pflaster, aromatisches,        72         "t        rothe,.      298
"    englisches,            71         "        weisse,.     297
Phagedanisches Wasser,.       27 Quecksilbersublimat, itzender, 144
Phenol,.                    6 Quendel,..    142
Phenylsaure,.                  6    "    romischer,.         143
Phosphor,.                204 Quendelspiritus,.         250
Phosphors-aure,                10 Quittenk6rner,.         238
Pillen, italienische,.       204 Quittensamen,.                 238
"   Vallet'sche,.           205 Quittenschleim,.        182
Pimpinelltinktur,.           285
Pimpinellwurzel,              221
Pockensalbe,...   303 Ratanhaextrakt,.          96
Pockholz,.                159 Ratanhawurzel,.         222
Pomeranzen, unreife,          124 Ratanhatinktur,.         286
Pomeranzenblaitter,           117 Rautenblitter,...       121
Pomeranzenbliithen,.. 111 Rhabarber,...   223
Pomeranzenblifthenil,         190 Rhabarberextrakt,.              96
Pomeranzenbliithensyrup,. 259,       c        zusammenPomeranzenschale,.            60                      gesetztes,  97
Pomeranzenschalenextrakt,      83 Rhabarbersaft,.         265
Pomeranzenschalenol,          190 Rhabarbertinktur, wassrige,    286
Pomeranzenschalensyrup,       259          "         weinige,     287
Pomeranzenschalentinktur,. 274 Ricinusol,..         198
Pottasche, rohe,              151 River'scher Trank,.            208
Pressschwamm,                 251  i Romische Kamille,.         111




375
Page                               Page
Rose,..                     116 Sassaparillsyrup, zusammengeRosenhonig,...  178   setzter,.                      266
Rosenol,..                   199 Saturationen,.                 237
Rosensalbe,.... 302 Sauer, Heller'sches,                        179
Rosenwasser,...   29 Sauerhonig,...   202
Rosmarinbl-itter,             121 Scammoniaharz,.              228
Rosmarinol,.                199 Scammoniawurzel,.              224
Rosmarinsalbe,                302 Schafgarbenblfithen,            114
Rosmarinspiritus,             250 Schafgarbenextrakt,              94
Schafgarbenkraut,.            141
Scheidewasser,                  9
Sabadillsamen,                130 Schierlingsextrakt,.            89
Sadebaumextrakt,.              97 Schierlingskraut,.           138
Sadebaumil,..       199 Schierlingspflaster,.           73
Sadebaumsalbe,                302          "    mit AmmoniakSadebaumspitzen,              258   gummi versetztes,              74
Safran,..                     62 Schierlingssalbe,.           295
Safranpflaster,...      79 Schiffspech,.             206
Safransyrup,...  261 Schlagwasser,...    22
Safrantinktur,.              278 Schlangenwuirzel, virgin.,      225
Saint-Germainthee,.           244 Schliisselblumen,.            114
Salbe, Hellmund's narkotisch-      Schillkraut,...       137
balsamische,          299 Schillkrautextrakt,.            86
"   oxygenirte,.           301 Schwarzes Wasser,.              27
"   scharfe,                293 Schwefelather,.              14
Salbeiblatter,.              121 Schwefelbalsam,.. 200
Salbeiwasser,.                29 Schwefelblumen,.      257
"      koncentrirtes,.  30         C        gereinigte,. 256
Salep,.                  293 Schwefelkohlenstoff,             43
Salepschleim,...        182 Schwefelleber zum Bade,         156
Salmiak,.                     18 Schwefelmilch,..         257
Salmiakgeist,.... 163 Schwefelquecksilber, schwarzes, 148
Salpeter,...   153 Schwefelsaure, englische,        11
Salpetergeist versusster,     246        "        rauchende,       12
Salpeterpapier,                49        "        reine,           11
Salpetersaures Wismuthoxyd,              "        rohe,            11
basisches,....   37        ~'       verdiinnte,.   11
Salpetersiure, rauchende,      10 Schwefelsalbe,.                 303
t"    reine,              9        "   zusammengesetzte, 303
t"    verdiinnte,.   8 Schwefelspiessglanz,.   252
Salpetersaures Silberoxyd, ge-              "   fein zerriebenes, 252
schmolzenes,                 32 Schweineschmalz,.               13
Salpetersaures Silberoxyd, krys-   Seidelbastsalbe,.          299
tallisirtes,...   31 Seidelbastextrakt,.             94
Salzgeist, versiisster,       245 Seidelbastpflaster, mit CanSalzsiiure, reine,               7   thariden versetztes,          77
" rohe,                     8 Seidelbastrinde,.  61
"    verdiinnte,..   9 Seidlitzpulver,. 210
Sandarak,.                234 Seife, grii ne...      237
Sandriedgraswurzel,           228   "  medicinische,              236
Santonin,.                234 Seifenlinement, flussiges,     161
Santoninpastillen,            291 Seifenpfiaster,.                79
Sassafras,.                   160 Seifenspiritus,..           250
Sassaparille,.... 224 Seifenwurzel,.                            223




376
Page                               Page
Seignettesalz,.               269 Sfissholzextrakt,               93
Senegaextrakt,..        98 Siissholzpasta,..       203
Senegasyrup,...   267 Siisshpz, spanisches,           220
Senegawurzel,..         225 Sfissholzsyrup,                263
Senfol, atherisches,          199 SSi ssholzwurzel,              220
Senfsamen, schwarzer,.       241 Syrup, weisser,                267
Senfspiritus,...   250 Syrupe,..                     258
Senfteig,..                  243
Sennalatwerge,..        67
Sennasyrup mit Manna,.        267 Tabaksblaitter,                120
Sennesblitter,..         122 Talg,.....287
"      mit Spiritus aus-     Tamarindenmolken,             242
gezogene,     122 Tamarindenmus, gereinigtes,   209
Sibirisches Bibergeil,.     45'       rohes,.. 209
Silberoxyd, krystallisirtes sal-  Tannin,...                12
petersaures,     31 Tausendgfildenkraut,           137'"    salpetersaures ge-      Tausendgiildenkrautextrakt,    86
schmolzenes,.32 Terpenthin,.       270
Soda, getrocknete,..      185 Terpenthinol,.                200
Soda-powder,.                210       "       gereinigtes,     200
Spangriin,,.          14 Terpenthinolseife,.           237
Spanische Fliegen,...    42 Terpenthinsalbe,                303
Spanischer Pfeffer,..     125        "   zusammengesetzte, 304
Spanisches Siissholz,.     220 Teufelsdreck,.                 33
Spanischfliegenpflaster,.     72 Theden'sches Wundwasser,    180
Spanischfliegenpflaster, irmmer-  Thee, Blankenheimer,           139
wahrendes,...  73 Theer,.... 206
Spanischfliegensalbe,.     294 Theerwasser,.                  28
Spanischfiiegentinktur,.     275 Theriak,.                      68
Spanischpfeffertinktur,.     275 Thierkohle,...     43
Species zum Gurgeln,.   244 Thierol, itherisches,           189
Spiessglanzbutter,..      172 Thon,..... 32
Spiritus, verdiinnter.  247 Thonerdehydrat,                   16
Stechapfelblitter,..     122 Thymian, wilder,               142
Stechapfelkrautextrakt,.      98 Thymianl,....  200
Stechapfelsamen,..       241 Tinktur, aromatische,.   273
Stechapfelsamentinktur,.     288     "    aus Canadischem BiSteinklee,.           141            bergeil,.          276
Steinoil,.                   198     "    aus Sibirischem  BiSternanis,.... 124              bergeil,.          276
Stiefmiitterchenthee,.     143'    bittere,... 272
Stinkasant,...        33     "    saure aromatische,    273
Stinkasantpfiaster,..      74 Tinkturen,....  271
Stinkasanttinktur,..      274 Tollkirschenblitter,           117
Stinkasantwasser, zusammen-        Tollkirschenextrakt,           84
gesetztes,...    25 Tollkirschensalbe,..   294
Stockrosen,...   113 Tolubalsam,....              35
Storax, flfissiger,..    254 Tormentillwurzel,.            232
Streupulver,...   173 Traganth,.                  290
Strychnin,.                  253 Trank, River'scher,            208,"   salpetersaures,      254   i"   Wiener,                 150
Strychnossamen,..        241 Traubenkraut, mexikanisches, 137
Strychnostinktur,... 288 Tripolitanische Senesbltter,. 122
It       atherische,   288 Tropfen, Fowler'sche,         168




377
Page                               Page
Universalpflaster,             75 Wermuthtinktur,.              271
Wiener Trank,.             150
Wismuthoxyd, baldriansaures,  38
Vallet'sche Pillen,.         205        "    basisches salpeterVanille,.... 130       sauresf..              37
Vanillentinktur,              289 Wohlverleihbluithen,.. 111
Vanillenzucker,               304 Wohlverleihwurzel,              214
Veilchenwurzel,               231 Wollblumen,.                   116
Veratrin,.                    304 Wundwasser, Theden'sches,    180
Virginische Schlangenwurzel, 225 Wurmfarnextrakt,.                91
Vitriol, blauer,               64 Wurmfarnwurzel,.               230
"    griiner,              109 Wurmnsamen,.                   112
"    reiner weisser,.      310
Vitriolol, nordhauser,         12
Zahnpillen,....  206
Zeitlosenessig,....        2
Wachholderbeeren,.  128 Zeitlosensamen,.                      238
Wachholderbeer6l,.          195 Zeitlosensamenwein,             306
Wachholdermus,.255 Zeitlosentinktur,.. 277
Wachholderspiritus,           248 Zeylonisches Zimmttl,           193
Wachs, gelbes,                 46 Zeylonzimmt,..  59
"t   griunes,                46 Zimmt, chinesischer,            59
"     weisses,               46 Zimmtkassie,.                  59
Wachssalbe,.                295 Zimmtkassienol,.             193
Wachsschwaimme,..         251 Zimmtil,..                     193
Wallnussblaitter,             118      "    zeylonisches,.       193
Wallnussschale, griine,        61 Zimmtsyrup,.... 261
Walrath,.                     48 Zimmttinktur,.              277
"    priparirter,           48 Zimmtwasser, einfaches,.        23
Walrathceerat,...   47         "      weingeistiges,     24
Walrathzucker,                 48 Zinkoxyd, baldriansaures,       310
WAisser, distillirte,.        21'"   carbolschwefelsaures, 310
Wasser..                      24      "    essigsaures,.    307
destillirtes,..  24           kiiufliches,.    310
"    gemeines,.            24           milchsaures,.    309
"    phagediinisches,       27      "    phenylschwefelsaures, 310
"    schwarzes,             27      "    reines,.            309
Wasserfenchel,.               129      "    schwefelsaures,       310
Weihrauch,...   201 Zinksalbe,....  304
Wein,.             305 Zinkweiss,....  310
aromatischer,            305 Zinnober,. 149
Weingeist,...   245 Zittmann'sches Decoct.,milderes, 66
Weingeist, verdiinnter,.     247        "t         "c  st-irkeres, 65
Weinstein,...   268 Zittwerblathenextrakt,.          87
Weinsteinsaiure,               12 Zittwersamen,...  112
Weizenstiirke,.                20 Zittwerwurzel,.             233
Wermuth,...   136 Zucker,.                        234
Wermuthextrakt,.              82 Zugpflaster,...   76
32*








INDEX
OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES.
Page                                 Page
Acacia Catechu...  45 Asarum Europseum... 215
"'  nilotica... 135 Astragalus Creticus..          290
"   Seyal.... 135 Atropa Belladonna..  117, 216
"   tortilis.            135
Achillea mnillefolium.  114, 141
"    Ptarmica... 111 Balsamodendron  EhrenbergiAchyrophorus maculatus. 214                       anum. 183
Acipenser Huso...  55                       Myrrha. 183
Aconitum Cammarum.. 292 Benzoin officinale...  36
-"    Napellus.. 291 Betonica..                       214
4"    Stoerkianum.. 292 Boletus Laricis... 131
Acorus Calamus... 228 Bos Taurus.. 237
Actaea spicata.                219 Boswellia papyrifera.. 201
Adonis vernalis... 219 Brassica nigra.                   241
-LEthusa Cynapium... 138        "    Rapa... 241
Agropyrum repens... 231 Brayera anthelmintica.. 113
Alkanna tinctoria... 213
Aloe spicata....  15
Alpinia officinarum.       230 Callitris quadrivalvis.. 234
Althaea officinalis.    116, 213 Camphora officinarum.          42
c   rosea.                  113 Cannabis sativa..  125, 136
Amygdalus amara..     19 Capsicum annuum... 125
It    communis..19                longum... 125
"     dulcis...  19 Carex arenaria... 228
Anacyclus officinarum.. 222    "   hirta...          228
Anemone pratensis... 142 Carlina acaulis... 217
"    Pulsatilla.. 142 Carum Carvi.... 126
Anethum Fceniculum.. 127 Caryophyllus aromaticus.  44
Angelica silvestris... 214 Cassia lenitiva... 122
Anthemis arvensis... 112 Castor Americanus...  45
"4    Cotula... 112   "   Fiber..                  45
"     nobilis..        111 Cephaelis Ipecacuanha.. 219
Anthriscus silvestris.      138 Ceratonia Siliqua... 126
Apis mellifica...   46, 177 Cetraria Islandica... 168
Arbutus Uva Ursi... 123 Chaerophyllum bulbosum. 138
Archangelica officinalis.. 214                   hirsutum. 138
Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi. 123           "         temulum. 138
Aristolochia Serpentaria.       225 Chelidonium majus... 137
Arnica montana.         111, 214 Chenopodium ambrosioides. 137
Artemisia Absinthium.. 136 Chondrus crispus...  44
I"    vulgaris... 215 Cicuta virosa.                   138




380
Page                                 Page
Cinchona Calisaya...  58 Fraxinus ornus.. 177
"    micrantha..  58 Fucus crispus...                    44,"    succirubra..  59
Cinnamnomum Cassia               59
9C      Zeylanicum.  59 Gadus Carbonarius.. 194
Citrullus Colocynthis.       126    "   Cellarias.. 194
Citrus amara.             60, 111 i       Morrhua.. 194
"'  aurantium..  111, 124 Galeopsis Ladanum.. 139
Bergamnia                 19.  0         ochroleuca             139
Limonumn.   60, 111, 117 Garcinia gutta.. 135'   medica..       60, 117      "   Morella.. 135
vulgaris.   60, 117, 124 Gentiana Centaurium. 137
Claviceps purpurea... 238         "    lutea.. 218
Cnicus benedictus,... 136 Glycyrrhiza echinata. 220
Cocculus palmatus...         217            glabra.. 220
Coccus cacti....  54 Gratiola officinalis..        139
Cochlearia officinalis.. 138 Guajacum officinale..  159, 227
Cocos nucifera..        193
Colchicum autumnale.. 238
Conium maculatum.. 138 Haomatoxylon Campechianum   159
Convolvulus purga... 292 Hemopis.                          143
"4     Scammonium. 224 Hagenia Abyssinica. 113,c     Turpethum.         224 Helleborus niger.. 219
Copaifera niultijuga..34'    viridis.            219
Coriandrum sativum.. 127 Heracleum Sphondylium. 222
Crocus sativus...  62 Hieracia.                        214
Croton Cascarilla...  57 Hippobdella... 143
Eluteria...  57 HIumulus Lupulus.. 134
Cubeba officinalis..        62 Hyoscyamus niger..  118, 239
Cucumis Colocynthis.. 126
Curcuma longa... 229
"    viridiflora.. 229 Illicium anisatum.. 124
Zedoaria... 233 Imperatoria Ostruthium.    231
Cydonia vulgaris... 238 Inula Helenium.. 218
Cynips galle tinctoria.. 132 Ipomcea purga.                    292
Iris Florentina.. 231
Isonandra Gutta.. 135
Daenmonorops Draco.. 226
Daphne Mezereum..          61
Datura Stramonium.  122, 241 Jateorrhiza Calumba              217
Digitalis purpurea... 117 Juglans regia.        61 118
Dorema Ammoniacum..  16 Juniperus communis. 128
" Oxycedrus. 195
Elettaria Cardamomum.. 125
Erythrawa Centaurium.. 137 Krameria triandra 
EupatoriKrameria triandra... 222
Eupatorium                      214
Euphorbia resinifera..  80
Lactuca scariola..        140
Ferula asa foetida.  33      "    virosa.  189, 157
" erubescens. 132 Laminaria Cloustoni. 158
Ficus Carica.                  44      "      digitata... 158
Fceniculum officinale           127 Lappa officinalis... 216
Fragaria....    214 Larix decidua... 270




381
Page                                 Page
Laurus Camphora                  42 Physeter macrocephalus            48
Cinnamomum.              59 iPhysostigma venenosum            100
nobilis                 128 Picrasma excelsa                  159
Lavandula officinalis           113 Pimpinella Anisum.. 124
Lavendula vera                  113      "      nmagna               221
Levisticum officinale           220      "      Saxifraga            221
Lichen Islandicus               158 IPinus pinaster                  270
Linaria vulgaris                140    "   silvestris                293
Linum usitatissimum.. 239 Piper Cubeba                       62
Liquidambar orientale           254 Pistacia Lentiscus.            177
Lobelia inflata                 140 Polygala amara                   141
Lolium arvensis                 239     "     Senega.       225
Lonicera Periclymenum           253 Polyporus fomentarius.. 131
Lycopodium clavatum.            173      "     officinalis           131
Lytta vesicatoria                42 Polystichum Filix mas.         230
Populus nigra.                 134
Potentilla Tornentilla          232
Malva rotundifolia.            119 Primula elatior.             114
"   silvestris          114, 119     "    officinalis.           114
"'  vulgaris... 119    "    veris.                  114
Maranta arundinacea.     19 Prunus Laurocerasus.    119
Matricaria Chamomilla.         112 /Pterocarpus Marsupium.         157
Melaleuca Leucodendron          191 Punica granatum.               62
"     minor                 191 Pyrethrum inodorum.. 112
Melilotus offilcinalis          141              P Parthenium.. 111
Melissa offlicinalis.       119
Mentha crispa.                 120
c" rispata            1... ]20 Quassia amara.. 159
"   piperita                 120 Quercus infectoria..    132
Menyanthes trifoliata.       123     "   pedunculata               61
Moschus moschiferus.. 181       "   sessiliflora...  61
Myristica fatua.            240
"    fragrans.        174, 240
Myrospermum toluiferum.          35 Rhamnus cathartica.    130
Myroxylon Sonsonatense           35      "    Frangula..   60, 130
It    toluiferum,            35 Rhus Toxicodendron.. 123
Ricinus communis.              198
Rosa centifolia                 115
Nepeta Cataria                  119    "  Damascena                  199
Nicotiana Tabacum               120   "  moschata.               199
Rosmarinus officinalis.      121
Rottlera tinctoria.         156
(Enanthe Phellandrium.. 129 Ruta graveolens.       121
Ononis spinosa..    221
Orchis Morio.                  293
Origanum Majorana               140 Sabadilla officinalis.           1.. ]21
Ovis Aries.            237 Sabina officinalis..    258
Salvia officinalis.       121
Sambucus nigra... 115
Papaver Rhceas.       115 Sanguisorba.... 143
"    somniferum   129, 201, 240 Sanguisuga medicinalis.. 143
Paullinia sorbilis              202       c'    officinalis          143
Petroselinum sativum.. 129 Saponaria officinalis. 223
Peucedanum Oreoselinum. 221 Sassafras officinalis... 160




382
Page                                Page
Scilla maritima..        39 Tilia ulmifolia                 116
Scorodosma fbetidum.        33 Trigonella Fenum grsecum        239
Secale cereale.               238 Triticum vulgare                 20
Senna acutifolia               122 Trypeta Arnica... 111
Sinapis alba                   241 Tussilago Farfara.            118
Smilax China.                 229
"   medica                  224
Solanumn Dulcamara             253 Urginea Scilla.                  39
Spilanthes oleracea.          142
Strychnos nux vomica.. 241
Styrax Benzoin...  36 Vaccinium Myrtillus.. 128
Sus scrofa....  13 Valeriana officinalis. 226
Vanilla planifolia...    130
Veratrum album... 232
Tamarindus Indica... 209 Verbascum thapsiforme.             116
Taraxacum officinale.. 225 Viola tricolor.                 143
Theobroma Cacao..         190 Virgaurea.... 214
Thymus Serpyllum... 142 Vitis vinifera..      305'i   vulgaris... 143
Tiglium officinale... 194
Tilia platyphyllos... 116 Zingiber officinale.. 233




THE READER WILL PLEASE MAKE THE FOLLOWING
CORRECTIONS:
Page 23.-14th line from top, for discolors, read decolorizes.
"  23.-21st  "   "   "  " discolor, read decolorize.
60.-2d    "  "   "       European Buckthorn, read Alder Buckthorn.
" 171.-6th   "  "  bottom, for Sherry Wine, read Genuine White
Wine.
" 305.-9th                       Aromatic Spices, read  Aromatic
Species.