- s.~.. a.:..U...:.S -.,',':; '....... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR -.:' i BUREAU OF STASTICS: 2:: 0. OP. AUSTIN, Chief of Bureau... 1 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES.. IN 1906 Showing the Trade of the Islands, the Chief Countries Participating D;nrcipal Articles Imported and Exported, and ']-. States with the I4 ,i_ -=! =t fm (S= 4Z:2FiC=5.ay,!gEs 3gL = =.......-= X se == =w== 7i < Sg f _S | | _ | I S::g:tf v _____W_ 9 I S } _ S | | E! B s,. B fi | | | | g g S | | | fi | E s B | aSE= w i | | S | S R |,....,,,. | R __ s fi X = g g | '__. R S g S | | | E f |! S S, E M |! Z | | | | 3N s s * E E S |! S _ - W X 3 - Z S *, X E S R I | N | | |. I * W X X I | N S N i l S Z S S, g u E E N __!! a |..... _..... S i E I fg E g | | | | E | i | X = S = __ _ _ _ _ B xa E I =3 X g * X _ _ _ u g E E S S | X I N _ _E * -_ fi w E S 5 5 | | | B * s _ 5 _ _ _ - S S | _ | - _ I E L * | _ _ _ _ _ _ | _ _ g R iil 1 Re i _ g _ g 1 - 1e1 D i E! 9e S S g e i 23 S 1 _ I S g | | I __ i lEi E ilE itil | i E g | - | | | m! | # _ I | E S _ _ _N |. m 8 i i _ i i - - I _ _ _ _ S - -. N _R_ _ R R 3 I __R___ E_ __E E E | _ s; S _ i =-=-SS=== — g e S I ______ S S S l-a-i-s-E Z — i ---i 3X l - - - X I _XEg__s__E _s X i _ _R R _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - R 3 3 i _ _ i,= B_ m_ _ s ____ _ _ _ l_ d__ ___ __ t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ w R3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ W =! == _ _ _ _ _ S _ _____|__ _ E _ _ _ _. _ g ____E_ ___ = == _ ___E__ ____E f __ = E N _ = ____M _ _ =_ _r - _g___ _ _-E_ = Xs=.st.Y' = * mi I ': r ' t I,, 4 rw i v +, I' J.E I -- -------- ____ __ ---------- _ ~ DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR BUREAU OF STATISTICS ~ ~ ~: ~:... 0. P. AUSTIN, Chief of Bureau THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906 Showing the Trade of the Islands, the Chief Countries Participating Therein, the Principal Articles Imported and Exported, and Details of Trade of the United States with the Islands During a Term of Years _ _ _ __ ------- _- __ __ WASHINGTON IGOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE JANUARY, 1907 tkv.......;,. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. I~~~~~~.W W :.4* 4 a ' ~ y * 4 -; - e.!s5 X^ *(,< ^ (& ' C.-', --:r 91 (i t I t.~ &, t. ".1I ~~~-N, 3 rr Sc "o, i-a t l CONTENTS. Introduction........................................ A few comparisons............. —............... Importations into the United States of possible Philippine products............................... Lines of future development................... Interchange of products....................... The Philippines as a distributing center........... Present commerce of the Philippines................ Share of the various countries in the imports.......... Distribution of exports.............................. The import trade........................................ Character and sources of imports...................... Share of imports drawn from the United States......... Imports of principal articles by countries............ Present market for articles produced in the United States. ---- -- - ----- -- Analysis of import trade in 1906.................. The export trade........................................ Possible development...................... Leading exports..................................... Distribution of exports............................... Possibilities of export trade... Exports to all countries.......................... Exports to the United States....................... Tariff........................................... Transportation..................................... Water transportation............................. Road building in the islands........................ Railways.............................. Regulation of shipping................... Land...... —........ --- -------------—.. -.. --- —..-..Agricultural products............................ Vegetable fibers......................... Sugar....................................... Tobacco....................................... ---... The cocoanut and its products..................... Page. 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 13 13 14 14 15 16 16 Agricultural products —Continued. Coffee.............................................. Cacao.......................................... Agricultural banks...................... Mining........................ -................. Forests....... —. --- —--------------—.. --- —India rubber..................................... Currency..............-.............. Language................................... Philippine students in the United States.................. Packing goods for shipment to the islands................. Commercial and industrial conditions and opportunities from a Philippine standpoint.......................... Official views of commercial, industrial, and financial conditions in 1906....................................... Industrial conditions..........-.................. Currency..................................... Financial conditions................................. Bonded indebtedness.................... Agricultural banks......................... Railroads.. -------------------- ---------- Railroads......................................... Benguet road.............................. Interisland shipping.................... Manila harbor........................................ Postal savings bank..................... Tariff................................................ American capital in the islands.................. Refund of duties on exports........................... Public lands........................................ Mining laws.................................. Specific recommendations....................... Commerce.......................................... Exports............................... Balance of trade.................................. Trade with the United States........................ Unnecessary importations............................. Page. 17 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 20 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 27 27 27 28 28 29 29 29 29 STATISTICAL TABLES. Values of principal agricultural and other exports from the Philippine Islands in specified calendar years, 1854 to 1905. Exports of principal articles from the Philippine Islands in specified calendar years, 1854 to 1905, and fiscal year 1906. Values of total imports and exports of the Philippine Islands during specified calendar years, 1855 to 1905, and in the fiscal year 1906, by countries of origin and destination..... Imports of principal articles into the Philippine Islands during specified calendar years, 1885 to 1905, by countries of origin............................ Imports and exports of merchandise, by great groups, during the fiscal years 1904 to 1906............................ Imports and exports of gold and silver during the fiscal years 1904 to 1906................................ Imports and exports, including gold and silver, by customs districts, during the fiscal years 1904 to 1906.............. Imports and exports of gold and silver, by countries, during the fiscal years 1904 to 1906.......................... Number and net tonnage of vessels engaged in the carrying trade during the fiscal years 1904 to 1906................ 19256 —07-2 Page. 30 30 33 Nationalities of vessels doing the carrying trade during the fiscal year 1906..................................... Imports into and exports from the Philippines Islands, by articles, during the fiscal years 1903 to 1906.............. Imports and exports of principal articles of merchandise into and from the Philippine Islands during the fiscal years 1903 to 1906, showing principal countries from which imported and to which exported.................... Total values of merchandise imported into and exported from the United States, in its commerce with the Philippine Islands, during the fiscal years 1850 to 1906.-....-....... Total imports into and exports from the Philippine Islands during the fiscal years 1900 to 1906, by principal articles.... Imports into and exports from the United States, in its commerce with the Philippine Islands, during the fiscal years 1895 to 1906, by principal articles......................... Imports into and exports from the Philippine Islands, 1890 to 1893, and 1899 to 1906, by countries................... Page. 41 42 45 62 63 65 66 39 39 40 40 40 3 :I S THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. INTRODUCTION. The purpose of this work, as indicated by its title, "The Commercial Philippines in 1906," is to present in concise form a picture of commercial conditions in the Philippines, past and present, and facts bearing upon the possible future development of that commerce. Population, area, climate, products, transportation, industrial methods, and customs are all so closely related to the subject as to require more or less attention in a discussion of the commerce and commercial possibilities of these distant islands; but these questions are discussed only in their bearing upon or relation to commerce present, prospective, or possible of development. The United States is a great consumer of tropical products, its imports of articles produced in tropical or subtropical climates aggregating over 500 million dollars per annum. The articles forming this commerce include sugar, coffee, tea, cacao, india rubber, hemp, jute, tobacco, fruits and nuts, spices, gums, silk, cabinet woods, dye woods, wool and hides, and many other articles of less importance. The Philippines, located in the Tropics, are capable of producing large quantities of all, or practically all, of these various articles. At present their productions for export consist chiefly of hemp, sugar, and tobacco, and the aggregate value of their exportations has never, because of crude methods, absence of transportation facilities, and lack of capital, exceeded 34 million dollars in any year; yet their possibilities are many times that amount. A FEW COMPARISONS. The area of the Philippines is 115,026 square miles, and their population 8 millions and their exports 34 million dollars in value. The Hawaiian Islands, with an area of 6,449 square miles and less than 200,000 inhabitants, exported, in 1905, 36 million dollars' worth.of merchandise. The area of the Philippines is over 18 times that of the Hawaiian Islands, and their population 50 times as great; yet their present production for exportation is actually less than that of the Hawaiian Islands, whose geographic and climatic conditions are similar and whose natural power of production is probably no greater per square mile or acre than that of the Philippines. Porto Rico, with an area of 3,606 square miles and a population of 1 million, exports about 24 million dollars' worth of merchandise per annum, or two-thirds as much as the Philippines, although its area is less than one-thirtieth and its population but about one-eighth that of the Philippines. In Porto Rico production and exportation have doubled in eight years under the application of American methods of production and transportation, and in the Hawaiian Islands production has increased thirty fold since the entrance thirty years ago of American capital and modern methods of development and production. The Philippines, in the absence of modern facilities of production and transportation, produce on an area of 115,000 square miles and with a population of 8 million people less than 34 million dollars' worth of merchandise for exportation, although the markets of the United States and of the whole Temperate Zone are constantly demanding tropical products of the kind which these islands might easily produce. The area of the Philippine Islands is 32 times as great as that of Porto Rico, whose exports in the fiscal year 1906 aggregated $23,257,530, against less than 34 millions of exports from the Philippines in their high record year. The area is 18 times and the population 50 times as great as that of the Hawaiian Islands, whose exports in 1905 aggregated 36 millions, or more than that of 'the Philippines in their high record year. The area is more than twice as great as that of the Dutch islands of Java and Sumatra, which, after supporting a population of 30 millions, export about 100 million dollars' worth of merchandise annually or three times that of the Philippines; about 3 times as great as that of Cuba, which, with a population of l~ millions, exported, in 1905, 110 million dollars' worth of merchandise; but little less than that of Japan (147,655 square miles), whose exports, after supporting a population of 46 millions, amounted in 1905 to 158 million dollars, and is practically 5 times as great as that of Ceylon, which, with a population half that of the Philippines, exported, in 1904, about 40 million dollars' worth of merchandise. In view of these facts, a discussion of not merely the present commerce, but the possibilities of increased production of articles required by commerce and of transportation possibilities and needs with reference thereto is necessarily a part of a study of this character. IMPORTATIONS INTO THE UNITED STATES OF POSSIBLE PHILIPPINE PRODUCTS. The United States brings into its ports from foreign countries from 75 to 100 million dollars' worth of sugar annually, and sugar is a natural product of the Philippine Islands; it also imports from 75 to 100 million dollars' worth of coffee annually, and the Philippines have produced, under favorable circumstances, large quantities of coffee of a high grade; from 40 to 50 million dollars' worth of india rubber annually, and there is reason to believe that rubber production is not only possible but entirely practicable in the Philippine Islands. Fiber importations into the United States, including chiefly hemp, sisal, and jute, amount to about 40 million dollars per annum, and these the Philippines are able to produce in unlimited quantities, with the possible exception of jute, which is still in the experimental stage. It also imports about 35 million dollars' worth of fruits, nuts, and spices, almost exclusively of tropical production, and practically all of which might readily be produced in the Philippine Islands; about 22 million dollars' worth of tobacco annually, chiefly from tropical countries, and a considerable share of this, used for cigar wrappers, comes from Sumatra, a comparatively near island neighbor of the Philippines; from 15 to 18 million dollars' worth of tea per annum, and the opinion of tea experts in the Orient is that the Philippines are about the only remaining undeveloped tea-producing area of the world; over 30 5 6 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. million dollars' worth of goatskins annually, practically all of which comes from tropical or subtropical countries. Its annual importation of 30 million dollars' worth of pig tin, produced almost exclusively in that part of the world in which the Philippines are located, and of 60 million dollars' worth of raw silk, produced almost exclusively in countries immediately adjacent to the Philippines, suggests further possibilities of development of entirely new industries in those islands; for while tin has been found in certain parts of the island, and conditions in certain other parts of the islands seem favorable to the silk industry, little has been done in either of these lines to develop industries which are now so important and profitable in comparatively near by sections of the world. LINES OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT. The future development of producing power, and consequently the development of commerce and commercial power in the Philippines, lies, apparently, chiefly in natural products. In no part of the tropical world has the production of manufactures developed in any considerable degree, except certain parts of India, where large sums of British capital have been invested in cotton manufacturing; yet India has become, with each year of her history, a larger importer of cotton manufactures, of which her imports now aggregate over 100 million dollars per annum. At present manufactures form but an infinitesimal share of the exports of the Philippine Islands, and as the manufacturing industries are not developed in the islands it follows that manufactures form a very large proportion of the imports and will continue to grow in proportion to the development of producing, exporting and therefore of purchasing power. The history of trade in practically all tropical countries is that imports keep pace with the exports and are composed chiefly of manufactures and those classes of foodstuffs not produced in tropical countries. Of the 30 million dollars' worth of merchandise imported into the Philippines in 1905, manufactures composed 52 per cent and articles of food and animals 38 per cent; while of the exports from the United States in the same time about 40 per cent was manufactures and 30 per cent foodstuffs. INTERCHANGE OF PRODUCTS. Thus the conditions of production and consumption in the two respective areas-the Philippine Islands and the United Statesthe one a tropical section and the other a temperate zone section, suggest a natural interchange of products. The Philippine Islands produce tropical products in considerable quantities and may enormously increase their production, while the United States consumes tropical products, in large quantities and is steadily increasing that consumption. The Philippine Islands consume manufactures and temperate zone foodstuffs in large quantities in proportion to their purchasing power, and the United States produces these articles for exportation in large and constantly increasing quantities. The experience of the United States thus far in its trade with its noncontiguous territories, especially those located in the Tropics, has been that the growth in sales of merchandise to those islands has been coincident with the growth of their producing and consuming power. The value of merchandise brought from the Hawaiian Islands to the United States is about 30 times as great as in 1875, the year preceding the removal of tariff restrictions between these tropical islands and the Temperate Zone mainland of the United States; and the value of merchandise sent to the islands front the United States is also about 30 times as great as in 1875. The value of merchandise brought from Porto Rico to the United States is now about 10 times as great as in the year immediately preceding annexation; and the value of merchandise sent to that island from the mainland is also 10 times as great as in the years immediately preceding annexation, less than a decade ago. In these cases, where the United States has become a large purchaser of the products of these tropical islands, their production has been stimulated, and they have in like degree increased their purchases of manufactures and foodstuffs from the United States. These facts seem, therefore, to justify, in a discussion of commercial possibilities in the Philippines, a consideration of the question of possible increase of production and exports and of local demand for the products of the United States. THE PHILIPPINES AS A DISTRIBUTING CENTER. Whether the Philippine Islands may become a great distributing center for American commerce in the Orient is a question upon which opinion is divided. The belief has been expressed by many that with the establishment of the excellent dock facilities recently supplied at Manila, the erection of great warehouses and depots for American goods, and facilities for exploitation of American products the Philippine Islands may prove an attractive trade center for prospective Asiatic dealers in merchandise of the character offered by the producers and wholesalers of the United States, and thus prove a great distributing point for American commerce in the Orient. The fact, however, that Manila is from two to five days' travel from the great commercial centers of eastern Asia, over seas proverbially rough and subject to typhoons, coupled with the further fact that excellent facilities for storage and distribution of merchandise at wholesale are already offered in the now well-established centers of Singapore, Hongkong, Shanghai, and the coast cities of Japan, has been urged by others as an indication that the chief interest in the Philippines as a commercial center lies in their domestic commerce and the possible great development which awaits it through increased production, and therefore increased consuming power, of the islands. PRESENT COMMERCE OF THE PHILIPPINES. The total commerce of the Philippine Islands in the fiscal year 1906 was $57,716,400, of which $25,799,266 was imports and $31,917,134 exports. Prior to American occupation the trade of the island was measured by calendar-year statements, and in the discussions which follow, with the purpose of comparing present conditions with those of earlier years, calendar-year statements are necessarily utilized. SHARE OF VARIOUS COUNTRIES IN THE IMPORTS. The total imports of the calendar year 1905 were $30,050,550 in value, against $14,250,717 in 1894, the last year under Spanish occupation for' which figures are available; $18,547,968 in 1884, $13,772,775 in 1874, and $11,522,974 in 1864. Prior to American occupation the share of the imports drawn from the United States averaged from 2 to 4 per cent, those from the United Kingdom from 25 to 38 per cent, those from Germany from 3 to 6 per cent, Spain from 8 to 24 per cent, China from 10 to 20 per cent, and those from Hongkong and the British East Indies from 10 to 25 per cent. Since American occupation the share of the imports drawn from the United States has averaged about 13 per cent (19 per cent 1905), from the United Kingdom about 17 per cent, from Spain about 7 per cent, from China 13 per cent, from Hongkong 5 per cent, from the British East Indies 8 per cent, and in recent years from the French East Indies about 15 per cent-this large share from the French East Indies being due to the heavy importations of rice from that section of the world consequent upon the shortage in rice production in the Philippines resulting from the loss of the carabao through disease and the reduction in other imports resulting from the disturbed conditions following the war. This abnormal condition, characterized by a great fall in the production of rice, and consequently heavy importation, is, however, being rapidly remedied with an increase in the available supply of carabao due to the importation of those animals under Government auspices and a return to domestic production, so that the importations of rice in 1905 amounted in value to only $6,745,975, against $12,552,382 in 1903. THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 7 DISTRIBUTION OF EXPORTS. The exports in the calendar year 1905 exceeded those of any earlier year, having amounted in that year to $33,454,774, against $16,541,842 in 1894, $19,793,383 in 1884, $17,389,374 in 1874, and $11,264,476 in 1864. Imports in the calendar year 1905 were valued at $30,162,471, or nearly 4 million dollars below those of the highrecord year 1903, when the total was $33,811,384. The exports are largely to the United States, about 40 per cent of the total having gone to that country in the calendar year 1905, about 25 per cent to the United Kingdom, nearly 10 per cent to Hongkong, about 8 per cent to France, and the remainder chiefly to European countries. THE IMPORT TRADE. CHARACTER AND SOURCES OF IMPORTS. The articles forming the imports into the Philippine Islands are shown in detail on subsequent pages of this report, all important articles imported in the fiscal years 1903, 1904, 1905, and 1906 being included in the tables. Other tables show the principal articles imported and the chief countries from which they are drawn. The principal articles forming the $30,055,050 of imports in the calendar year 1905 include cotton cloth closely woven, $3,566,766, of which $656,777 was from the United States, $2,036,885 from the United Kingdom, and $234,784 from Switzerland; cotton cloth loosely woven, $924,562, of which $42,979 was from the United States, $305,691 from the United Kingdom, and $] 34,089 from Spain; cotton yarn, $958,760, of which $2,837 was from the United States, $506,553 from the United Kingdom, and $174,037 from Japan; cotton wearing apparel, $98,317, of which $18,990 was from the United States and $39,010 from Spain; knit fabrics of cotton, $793,863, of which $11,725 was from the United States, $600,531 from Spain, and $129,213 from Germany; cattle, $776,282, chiefly from China; flour, $770,012, of which $522,865 was from the United States and $242,024 from Australia; fresh beef, $441,605, all of which was from Australia; illuminating oil, $637,843, of which $445,106 was from the United States, $138,427 from Russia, and $54,176 from the Dutch East Indies; coal, $454,698, of which $290,123 was from Australia and $140,449 from Japan; opium, $739,419, of which $551,531 was from the British East Indies and $103,868 from China; boots and shoes, $401,749, of which $200,644 was from the United States and $175,469 from Spain; condensed milk, $265,618, of which $98,770 was from the United States and $119,152 from the United Kingdom; lumber, $295,692, of which $112, 702 was from the United States and $118,666 from Australia; books, maps, etc., $157,249, of which $51,231 was from the United States; earthen and.chinaware, $130,559, of which $14,102 was from the United States and $28,920 from the United Kingdom; telegraph and telephone instruments, $122,421, of which $102,098 was from the United States; steel rails, $193,300, of which $22,792 was from the United States and $169,727 from the United Kingdom; iron sheets and plates, $300,844, of which $2,245 was from the United States and $290,606 from the United Kingdom; structural iron and steel, $169,476, of which $86,042 was from the United States and $65,687 from the United Kingdom; iron and steel manufactures as a whole, $2,577,611, of which $1,125,204 was from the United States, $925,138 from the United Kingdom, and $296,749 from Germany; lard, $174,919, of which $17,499 was from the United States and $148,453 from China; canned vegetables, $66,861, of which $34,737 was from the United States; potatoes, $173,080, of which $39,063 was from the United States and $105,421 from Japan; and rice, $6,745,975, of which $5,335,050 was from the French East Indies. $468,601 from the British East Indies, and $940,396 from other Asiatic countries. Tables on a subsequent page show the value of each article imported during a series of years, also the countries from which leading articles were imported, in order that those desiring to know the competing countries supplying the articles in which they are espe cially interested may have that opportunity by consulting the tables in question. 19256-07 ----3 SHARE OF IMPORTS DRAWN FROM THE UNITED STATES. It will be noted from a study of the tables that while the share of the United States in the import trade of the Philippine Islands has materially increased the share supplied of many articles is still comparatively small, notably so in certain articles of which the United States is a large producer. Prior to American occupation the share of the imports of the Philippines supplied from the United States seldom reached more than 3 per cent. During the period from 1900 to 1904 it averaged 13 per cent, and in 1905 it was 183 per cent. In the five years ending with 1894 the share supplied by the United Kingdom averaged 30 per cent, and in the five years ending with 1904 but 17 per cent. In 1905 it was also 17 per cent. In the five years ending with 1894 the share of the imports drawn from Spain was 24 per cent, and in the five years ending with 1904, 7 per cent. Thus the United States shows a large gain in the share of the imports and also in actual importations, which did not average as much as a half million dollars from the United States during the decade prior to American occupation, and have steadily grown until they now aggregate 54 millions, or 12 times as much as the annual average during the period 1884 to 1894. This proportion of less than 20 per cent which the United States is supplying of the imports of the Philippines, while very much greater than that prior to American occupation, is still in marked contrast with the share being supplied in Hawaii and Porto Rico, which are now customs districts of the United States. In the case of Porto Rico, 90 per cent of the merchandise entering the island is brought from the United States, and in the case of the Hawaiian Islands 814 per cent, the larger share of the imports drawn from foreign countries in the case of Hawaii being due to the presence of a large oriental population, which draws upon China and Japan for supplies of food and clothing, and to the fact that the nitrates required for the sugar estates are to be had only in foreign countries. IMPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES, BY COUNTRIES. An examination of the record of importations into the Philippines, article by article, shows that the failure of the United States to make a better showing in percentage of imports, or a showing which would compare favorably with that relating to its trade with Porto Rico and Hawaii, occurs largely in articles of a class produced in great quantities in the United States and available for exportation. Of flour, about one-third of the total imports is drawn from Australia and the remainder chiefly from the United States. Of fresh beef, of which nearly a half million dollars' worth is imported annually, the entire supply is drawn from Australia and none from the United States. Of lard, of which the imports amount to 175 thousand dollars, only 174 thousand dollars' worth, or 10 per cent, is from the United States, and 148 thousand dollars' worth from China. Of condensed milk, of which 265 thousand dollars' worth was imported in 1905, about 981 thousand dollars' worth was from the United States, and 119 thousand dollars' worth from the United Kingdom. Of closely woven cotton cloths, of which the imports were 34 million dollars last year, less than two-thirds of a million dollars' worth was from the United States, against over 2 million dollars' worth from the United Kingdom, which buys raw cotton from the United States, manufactures it, and ships it to our own islands, selling there over three times as much as the United States; and this is also true in general terms with reference to various other grades of cotton manufactures. Of. the total imports of cotton and cotton manufactures into the Philippine Islands, which amounted to $6,826,845 in 1905, the United States supplied $866,098; the United Kingdom, $3,344,478; Spain, $965,298; India, $369,437 (chiefly yarn); Germany, $286,856; Switzerland, $438,706, and China, $271,466. Japan, which is looked upon as a possible competitor of the United States in the sale of cotton manufactures in the East, has as yet supplied but small quantities of cotton imports to the Philippines, except as regards yarns. Of the $3,566,766 worth of closely woven cotton manufactures imported into the Philippines 8 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. in 1905, $22,904 was from Japan; of the $924,562 worth of loosely woven cotton cloths imported in 1905, $4,938 was from Japan, and the proportion in other grades was similar, except in yarns and thread, of which Japan supplied $174,037 out of a total importation of $958,760, while the United States supplied but $2,837 worth. Of boots and shoes the share supplied by the United States is not as large as might be expected in view of the fact that our exports of boots and shoes are larger than those of any other country of the world. The total importations of boots and shoes into the Philippines in 1905 was $401,749, of which $200,644 was from the United States and $175,469 from Spain. Of fresh meats, Australia is the largest purveyor, owing to the fact that the prices at which fresh meats from the Australian pastures can be placed upon the markets of Manila are much below those possible from the United States, the prices at which Austral- i ian meats are delivered in Manila being about the same as those current in the United States. Of silk, wool, and vegetable fibers, the United States is not a large exporter, and it is not, therefore, especially surprising that only $33,802 worth of the $946,628 of imports of this group in 1905 was drawn from the United States. Of iron and steel manufactures imported into the Philippines, the share supplied by the United States is scarcely what would )be expected in view of the fact that the total production of iron and steel in the United States is as great as that of the United Kingdom and Germany combined, and that the total exports have grown from 41 million dollars in 1896 to 161 millions in 1906. Of the $193,300 worth of steel rails imported into the Philippines in 1905, only $22,792 was from the United States and $169,727 from the United Kingdom; of the iron sheets and plates imported in 1905, valued at $300,844, but $2,245 was from the United States, against $290,606 trom the United Kingdom. Of the total iron and steel imports, amounting to $2,577,611 in 1905, the share of the United States was $1,125,204, against $925,138 from the United Kingdom, and $296,749 from Germany. Of wood and manufactures thereof, the share supplied by the United States is about the same as that of manufactures of iron and steel, being in 1905 $206,819 out of a total importation of $497,145. In mineral oil the United States encounters in the Philippines the rivalry of both Russia and Sumatra, the principal oil fields other than our own, and both lying nearer to that market than our own. The value of illuminating oil imported into the Philippines I from the United States in 1905 was $445,106, against $138,427 from Russia, and $54,176 from Sumatra. It can scarcely be expected that the United States will ever supply as large a percentage of the imports of the Philippine Islands as of those of Porto Rico. This is due to two causes —(1) the oriental population of the Philippine Islands demands certain classes of oriental products, and (2) in certain great staples of food the supply can be drawn at much less cost from the nearer-by sections of the world. In meats and flour, Australia,which lies much nearer and has excellent steamship connections, competes successfully with the United States, the prices at which Australian meats are laid down in the Philippines being so low as to render competition from the United States impracticable, while large quantities of pork and lard are drawn from the still nearer market of China, in which considerable quantities are available for exportation. Fur rice, of which the importations have been very large during the past few years, the great rice fields of French Indo-China, Siam, French India, and the British East Indies are the almost exclusive sources of supply. The quantity of rice brought into the Philippines in 1903 was 737 million pounds, of which 474 millions was from the French East Indies, 102 millions from China, 91 millions from British India, and 58 millions from Siam. PRESENT MARKET FOR ARTICLES PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES. Of the 30 million dollars' worth of imports into the Philippine Islands, probably 65 per cent is of a class produced in the United States, over 50 per cent being manufactures and 38 pel cent articles of food and animals, rice being, however, included in the last mentioned class. The market available in the Philippine Islands for products of the United States appears to be, therefore, at the present time, about 20 million dollars, and of this the United States now supplies about 54 millions, leaving to our rivals-chiefly the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, and Australasia-the remainder of the field. Of the imports in 1905, amounting to 30 million dollars, 54 millions was from the United States, a little over 5 millions from the United Kingdom, 54 millions from the French East Indies (almost exclusively rice), nearly 3 millions from China, nearly 2 millions fromn Spain, a little less than 2 millions from British East Indies, 14 millions from Germany, and 14 millions from Australia. The total imports from Europe as a whole were $10,775,000, or a little more than one-third of the grand total from all parts of the world. Of this Philippine market for over 30 million dollars' worth of merchandise the United States supplies but 183 per cent cent, while in the Hawaiian Islands she supplies about 80 per cent and in Porto Rico 90 per cent of the total merchandise entering those islands. ANALYSIS OF IMPORT TRADE IN 1906. The report of the Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs has the following regarding the imports of 1906: The leading item in reduced imports is rice, and the heavy decline in foreign purchases of this staple foodstuff of the islands from $7,456,738 in 1905 to $4,375,500 in 1906, indicating as it does an increase in local production, may be considered a very satisfactory feature of the returns. These imports show diminishing values in recent months and a total for the fiscal year the smallest since 1900. There is thus an approximate return to conditions existing prior to the advent of rinderpest and insurrection, and a practical supply of the islands' needs through home production seems to be indicated in the near future. A further factor in diminishing imports of 1906 is to be found in the effect of the passage of the new tariff and the consequent stocking up in anticipation of increased rates. This was notably so in the case of rice and opium, imports of which were exceptionally heavy in the months of April and May, 1905, and thus inflated the total of that year with what under normal conditions should have figured in the imports of the fiscal period of 1906. But eliminating the actual reduction of $3,081,238 in rice and $409,919 in opium imports there remains a diminished trade for 1906 to the value of $1,585,927 that does not appear to be entirely i explained' by disturbances incident to the inauguration of a new tariff, and must be due in a measure to unsatisfactory conditions in the import trade and to the reduced purchasing power of the islands referred to in the report of last year. Among other imports showing a heavy decline, illuminating oil is the most conspicuous, with a shrinkage in value of $434,580, while the half-million-dollar trade of 1905 in both coal and fresh beef is less by $107,000 in the former and by $80,000 in the latter commodity. Purchases of beer, distilled spirits, and wines drop off considerably, and the total beverage trade, with an' aggregate value of nearly $800,000 in 1905, is $143,000 less in 1906. Structural materials, as well as the miscellaneous schedule of iron and steel manufactures, show heavy declines, and the same is true of electrical and other machinery, their combined total representing a shrinkage of more than half a million, while cement imports are less by $40,000. The reduction of more than $60,000 in refined-sugar purchases may be considered in the light of a gain, being brought about as the result of local production by the Malabon refinery, recently put into operation after remaining idle for a number of years. The six and three-quarter million dollar cotton trade for the year furnishes the most noteworthy instance of increased imports, with a total of $325,000. Imports of wheat flour reach a value of $824,039 and are larger by nearly $100,000 than in 1905. The most conspicuous item in this decline in American trade is to be found in that of cotton cloths, which represents one-third of the total. This is to be attributed to the unfavorable operation of the THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 9 cotton textile schedule in the tariff of 1905, amounting in effect to a discrimination against this important American manufacture in the import trade of the islands. The fiscal year 1906 about covers the period of operation of this schedule, under which imports of American cloths have declined from $700,000 to $224,000. The discrimination against American cotton goods was more than corrected by the act of Congress approved February 26, 1906. Other important losses in American trade are to be found to the extent of $171,000 in illuminating oil and about the same amount in wheat flour-a decline in the latter case in the face of increased total imports that serves to emphasize the effect of the active competition which American wheat is meeting at the hands of Australia. In the reduced beer trade the United States is also a loser to the extent of $76,000. American electrical machinery still holds the market, but a market reduced 50 per cent in its demands, in which the American loss amounts to $100,000. On the other hand, in the increased imports of agricultural implements and of scientific instruments and apparatus, under which are included telephones, etc., the bulk both of the trade and the increase is credited to the United States, American gains in these schedules amounting to about $160,000. THE EXPORT TRADE. The export trade of the Philippine Islands is slightly larger than the import trade and assumes special importance by reason of its possibilities of growth-a growth which may be expected to result in corresponding increases in imports. The total exports of the islands in the calendar year 1905 were $33,454,774, against $30,050,550 of imports, the total exports being larger than those of any earlier year. Prior to American occupation the value of the exports of the islands seldom crossed the 20 million dollar line and had never but once (1889) been so much as 25 millions. In 1900 they aggregated practically 23 millions; in 1901, 244 millions; in 1902, 284 millions; in 1903, 324 millions, and in 1905, 331 millions of dollars, being thus in 1905 fully 60 per cent in excess of the average during the period, 1885 to 1894, preceding American occupation. POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENT. The question of the exports of the Philippine Islands seems really of greater importance than that of imports, because of the possibility of their very great development, their power of supplying many of the tropical articles now imported into the United States in large and steadily increasing quantities, and the probability that the increase of production and sales to the United States will be followed by a like increase in purchases from the United States. Such has been the case in a notable degree in the trade with Hawaii and Porto Rico-increased producing power and increased sales to the United States were followed by increased purchases of products of the United States. It seems proper then, in studying the exports of the islands, to consider not merely their present value or even the growth by which they have attained that value, but the class of articles produced for exportation, the world's demand for such articles, and the possibility or probability of enlargement of production in the islands. LEADING EXPORTS. The principal articles now forming the export trade of the Philippine Islands are hemp, sugar, copra, and tobacco. The value of these articles exported in the calendar year 1905 was: Hemp, $21,757,344; sugar, $5,073,233; copra, $3,244,703, and tobacco, in all forms, $2,281,703, these four articles aggregating $32,356,983, out of a total (xportation of $33,454,744. Hemp, it will be observed, forms 65 per cent of the total exports in 1905; sugar, 15 per cent; copra, nearly 10 per cent, and tobacco about 64 per cent. Not only does hemp form by far the largest item in the export trade, but the growth in its exportation has been much more rapid in recent years than in any other article entering the export trade. Prior to 1900, the value of hemp exported had never, except on two occasions (1889 and 1891) reached as much as 10 million dollars, having ranged from 6 to 8 millions per annum from 1880 to 1900. In 1.900 it exceeded 13 millions, in 1901 it was practically 16 millions, in 1902 it was over 19 millions, and in 1905, as above indicated, $21,757,344. 1 Meantime sugar exportations showed a decline.* In 1893 the total value of sugar exported was over 10 million dollars; in 1895, over 6 millions; from 1900 to 1904 the value ranged from 24 millions to 34 millions of dollars, and in 1905 was $5,073,233, or but half the figure of 1893 or 1883 and less than half the figure of 1881 or 1873, when the highest total of sugar exports from the Philippines was recorded, $13,970,243. Of tobacco, the exportation in all forms, whether manufactured or otherwise, has never reached as much as 5 million dollars in a single year, and on only two occasions, 1866 and 1867, crossed the 4 million dollar line, the average during the last decade having been about 2 million dollars per annum, almost equally divided between leaf tobacco and manufactures. DISTRIBUTION OF EXPORTS. In 1905 the value of leaf tobacco exported amounted to $1,367,212, and cigars, $892,561. Of the leaf tobacco exported, $866,756 worth went to Spain, and $386,469 to Austria-Hungary; and of the $892,561 worth of cigars exported, $316,680 worth went to Hongkong, $129,520 to British India, $106,401 to China, $95,015 to Australia, $81,505 to the United Kingdom, $27,381 to Spain, $22,846 to France, $14,956 to Germany, and $14,114 to the United States. Of the sugar exported in 1905, amounting to $5,073,233 in value, $2,741,801 worth went to China and Hongkong, $207,241 to Japan, and $2,102,023 to the United States. Of the copra exports, amounting to 34- millions in 1.905, 2 millions went to France, three-quarters of a million to Spain, about a quarter of a million to Germany, 118 thousand dollars' worth to British India, 82 thousand to the United Kingdom, and 8 thousand to the United States. Copra, which is the dried meat of the cocoanut, is now much utilized in European countries for its oils, which are used in the manufacture of soaps and in some cases, in a refined state, for food purposes. Of the hemp exportation, amounting in 1905 to $21,757,344, $12,648,143 worth went to the United States, $7,872,267 to the United Kingdom, $387,375 to Japan, $375,738 to Australia, $200,052 to Hongkong, $142, 634 to British India, $31,520 to Spain, and smaller values to others of the European countries. POSSIBILITIES OF EXPORT TRADE. The present exports of the Philippines are therefore small in value, confined to a few articles. Thirty-three million dollars is a small sum, considered from the standpoint of general international commerce and of this small sum practically two-thirds is a single article, hemp, while the value of sugar, tobacco, and copra now exported is but a trifle in its relation to international markets, or even to the exports of the islands themselves. It is rather in the possible future of these and other articles that interest in the study of the Philippine commerce lies. The world's demand for hemp, sugar, tobacco, copra, coffee, cacao, india rubber, tropical fruits, cabinet woods, and spices is continuous and steadily increasing. The demand of the United States for these and tropical articles of less importance, practically all of which could be produced in the Philippines, has grown from 140 million dollars in 1870 to over 500 millions in 1905, and the growth has been similar in other parts of the manufacturing and consuming world. Practically all these articles the Philippine Islands have shown an ability to produce, many of them in very large quantities, the measure of production depending largely upon the supply of capital for developing regions now undeveloped, the application of modern methods to production, and the creation of systems of transportation. These possibilities of enlargement of production of the articles required by the United States, and by the commercial world generally, seem so important as to justify a presentation here of statements by persons who have made careful studies of conditions in the islands, and whose views as to the possibilities of enlargement of Iproduction sre thus entitled to careful constideration. 10 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. The report of the Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Departnent, has the following regarding the exports of 1906: EXPOlRTS TO ALL COUNTRIES. 19,05. 1(06. Articles, j ----—. —f- —. __ ---- --- -— _ ------ fQuantities. Values. Tons. Dollars. Tons. Dollars. He:lmp................... 128,564 22,146,241 110,399 19,446,769 Sugar.-......-.......... 111,849 4 4,977,026 123,790 4,863,865 Copra....................... 36,963 2,095,355 6 5,112 4,043,115 Tobacco................!.......... 1,999,193......... 2,389,890 All other................... 1,134,800............ 1, 173, 495 Total-........... ---. —. -..-.-. - 32,352,615......... 31,917,134 EXPORTS TO TIE UNITED STATES. Hemp..................... 72,196 1 Sugar....., —.-........- 56,948 I Copra..................... 202; Tobacco.......... All other..........-........-.- - -.... 12,954,515 61, 068 11,168,22( 2,618,487 7,187 260,104 14,425.............. 0,820.. 31,003 6,720....0...... i 310,0 73,779............I 120, 078 Total........................ 15, 668,026.... 11,579,411 The $435,000 decline in exports is chiefly to be found in the item uf hemp, though there are also reductions to be found in manufactured tobacco and sugar. Increased values are to be noted in copra and unmanufactured tobacco, the other leading items of export. The predictions made concerning the effect of the disastrous typhoon of September, 1905, on hemp production are borne out by a decrease of 18,000 tons in exports to be found in the latter months of the period under consideration. The average price, though somewhat better than in 1905, has been by no means sufficient to offset the reduced quantity, and a deficit of $2,699,472 is shown in export values credited in 1906 to this normally most prosperous of the islands' industries. Copra exports to a large extent counterbalance this decline in hemp by an increase of $1,947,760 over the $2,000,000 trade of 1905. The average price per pound has also been slightly higher in 1906. France is still the leading purchaser and is credited with 60 per cent of the total. Sugar exports amount to 123,000 tons, a gain of 12,000 tons oter those of 1905, but in consequence of reduced prices yield a decreased value of $113,161. Of the total quantity Hongkong takes 60 per cent and China about 30. though in 1905 these markets were subordinated to shipments to the United States aggregating over half the islands' output. Unmanufactured tobacco exports show a value of $1,458,658 and an increase of $453,134. Export quantities increase 5,000,000 pounds and represent a recovery from the much reduced figures of 1905. Of this increase Austria-Hungary appropriates the greater part and becomes a prominent competitor with Spain for the Philippine leaf, these two countries taking about 80 per cent of the total. Manufactured tobacco exports decline from a value of $993,669 to $931,232, with Hongkong the leading buyer. With the United States and the United Kingdom consuming the great bulk of Philippine hemp, the more than two and a half million dollars reduction in these exports previously referred to has been chiefly at the expense of the former, and this large item, together with reduced purchases of sugar, explains the shrink -age of $4,088.615 in exports to the United States to be found in the statistics of 1906. TARIFF. The tariff of the Philippine Islands was jointly prepared by the Philippine'government and the Bureau of Insular Affairs in Washington, and in this form was submitted to the Congress of the United States and afterwards became a law. The law, which treats of the rates of duty on a very large number of articles and also deals extensively with the administration of the revenue laws, is too long to justify its presentation in this discussion. Copies of the tariff may be obtained by addressing the Bureau of Insular Affairs. War Department, Washington, i). C. The question of tariff rates on articles passing between the Plilippine Islands and the United States has been a subject of much discussion. The fact that the removal of all tariff duties on merchandise passing between the United States and Porto Rico and the Hawaiian Islands has been followed by a rapid development not only of the trade between those islands and the United States, but also by increased production in the islands and increased business activity, and prosperity among the people has been urged in support of a proposition for similar tariff relations between the United States and the Philippine Islands. Following the removal of duty between the United States and Hawaii under the reciprocity act of 1876 came an enormous increase in production, especially of sugar, for the markets of the United States, and with this came a similar increase in demands upon the United States for its manufactures and foodstuffs; and the production of the islands is now probably 30 times as great in quantity and 25 times as great in value as that prior to 1876, while the actual annexation of the Hawaiian Islands in 1900 still further stimulated production and commerce through the assurance of permanent government and a continued free intercourse of these tropical islands with a temperate zone country consuming tropical products. In the case of Porto Rico, the opening of the doors of the United States to its tropical products has also greatly stimulated production and therefore business activity and general prosperity, and the shipments from the island to the United States are now ten times as great as they were in the year prior to annexation, while shipments from the United States to the island have also increased in like proportion. These facts have been urged as reasons for the establishment of similar relations between the Philippine Islands and the United States, not merely that the removal of the duty on articles passing between the islands and the governing country would result in incerased trade, but that it would also result in a stimulation of the industries in the islands and enlargement of investment of American capital and American energy in their development. The demand for legislation of this character was recognized in part by the passage by Congress of an act reducing by 25 per cent the duty to be collected on articles of Philippine production entering the United States. A full application of the principle of free interchange of commerce between the dependency and the governing country has been, however, urged especially by the people of the islands and was commended by a large proportion of the members of Congress who visited the Philippine Islands in the summer of 1905. As a result, a bill providing free admission into the United States of all products of the Philippine Islands except sugar and tobacco, and reducing the rates of duty on those articles to 25 per cent of the rates now provided by law, and providing that on and after April 11, 1909, all articles the products of the United States shall be admitted into the Philippine Islands free of duty, and all Philippine products shall enter the United States free of duty, passed the House of Representatives during the first session of the Fifty-ninth Congress and is now pending in the Senate. The act, in the form in which it passed the House, is as follows: AN ACT To amend an act entitled "An act temporarily to provide revenue for the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes," approved March eighth, nineteen hundred and two. Be it enacted by the Senate and tHouse of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the second section of the act entitled "An act temporarily to provide revenue for the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes," approved March eighth, nineteen'hundred and two, is hereby amended to read as follows: "SEc. 2. That on and after the passage of this act there shall be levied, collected, and paid upon all articles coming into the United States from the Philippine Islands the rates of duty which are required to be levied, collected, and paid upon like articles imported from foreign countries: Provided, That all articles wholly the growth and product of the Philippine Islands coming into the United States from the Philippine Islands shall hereafter be admitted free of duty. except sugar, tobacco, and rice manufactured and unmanufactured, upon which there shall be levied. collected, and paid only twenty-five per centum of the rates of duty aforesaid: And provided further, That the rates of duty which are required hereby to be levied, collected, and paid upon the products of the Philippine Islands coming into the United States shall be less any duty or taxes levied, collected, and paid thereon THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 11 upon the shipment thereof from the Philippine Islands, as provided by law, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe; but all articles wholly the growth and product of the Philippine Islands admitted into the ports of the United States free of duty under the provisions of this act, and coming directly from said islands to the United States, for use and consumption therein, shall be hereafter exempt from any export duties imposed in the Philippine Islands: Provided, however, That in consideration of the rates of duty aforesaid, sugar and tobacco, both manufactured and unmanufactured, wholly the growth and product of the United States, shall be admitted to the Philippine Islands from the United States free of duty: And provided further, That on and after the eleventh day of April, nineteen hundred and nine, all articles and mnerchandise going from the United States into the Philippine Islands, and all articles wholly the growth and product of the Philippine Islands coming into the United States from the Philippine Islanuds, shall be admitted free of duty: And provided further, That in addition to said duty when levied, and in case said articles are admitted into the United States free of duty, there shall be paid upon articles of merchandise of Philippine Islands manufacture conming into the JUnited States and withdrawn for consumption or sale a tax equal to the internalrevenue tax imposed in the United States upon the like articles of merchandise of domestic manufacture, such tax to b)e paid by internal-revenue stamp or stamps to be provided by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue and to be procured by purchase from the collector of internal revenue at or most convenient to the port of entry of said merchandise in the United States, and to be affixed under sulch regulations as the Coiimmissioner of Intlernal Revenue, with the approval of the Secretary of the Tre asury, shall prescribe; and such articles of Philippine Islands manufacture mentioned in this proviso sIhall be exemipt from payment of any tax imnposed by the internal-revenue laws of the Philippine Islands: And provided further, That in addition to the dutv hereinbefore provided when levied, and in case said articles are admitted into the Philippine Islands free of duty, there shall be paid upon articles of merchandise manufactured in the United States and going into the Philippine Islands and withdrawn for consumption or sale, a tax equal to the like articles of merchandise whena manufactured in the Philippine Islands; such tax to be paid by internalrevenue stanips or otherwise as provided by the laws in force in the Philippine Islands upon the like articles; and such articles manufactured in the United States mentioned in this proviso and going into the Philippine Islands shall be exe(mpt froum payment of any tax imposed by the internal-revenue laws of the United States. All the moneys collected under this section as amended shall, until the eleventh day of April, nineteen hundred and nine, be paid over and disposed of as provided in section four of the act hereby amended, and shall not be covered into the Treasury of the United States. " SEc. 3. That on and after the day when this act shall go into effect all goods, wares, and merchandise previously imported from the Philippine Islands, for which no entry has been made, and all goods, wares, and merchandise previously entered without payment of duty and under bond for warehousing, transportation, or any other purpose, for which no permit of delivery to the importer or his agent has been issued, shall be subjected to the duties imposed by law prior to the passage of this act, and to no other duty, upon the entry or the withdrawal thereof: Provided, That when duties are based upon the weight of merchandise deposited in any public or private bonded warehouse said duties shall be levied and collected upon the weight of such merchandise at the time of its entry.' TRANSPORTATION. Transportation is, of course, an absolute necessity to the development of commerce. However fertile the soil and genial the climate, production is of little importance without some means of transporting the 'product to market, and the absence of methods of transportation has been and still is the chief obstacle to a levelopment of commerce in the Philippine Islands. The three great requisites to transportation in the Philippine Islands are: (1) An inter-island steamship system; (2) small steamer and barge and raft facilities for the numerous short rivers of the various islands; (3) railways to open up the interior of the islands; and (4) wagon roads by which the products of the interior may be transported to the river or railway and thence to the ocean for transportation by the inter-island steamers to Manila for transfer to the trans-Pacific lines. 19256-07 ---4 WATER TRANSPORTATION. The importance of an inter-island system of steamers will be realized when it is understood that the 8 million inhabitants of the Philippine Islands are scattered over scores of islands with a total area of 115,000 square miles and having a coast line of more than 10,000 miles, while a straight line from the most northerly to the most southerly point is over 1,000 miles, and from the farthest east to the farthest west over 500 miles. A steamer skirting the islands by the shortest possible route would travel about 2,500 miles, and if running on the mail route recently contracted for, starting at Manila and calling at way ports to the most southerly point of the islands and return, would travel over 2,000 miles. In addition to this, navigators must be thoroughly acquainted with the rocky coasts and channels and be expert in the management of vessels in the typhoons and other storms which prevail in this tropical region. Mr. John T. MacLeod, in the 1906 annual number of the Manila Bulletin, says that the cost of operating coastwise steamers in the Philippines is above that of any other civilized country, due in part to the diffic(ulties of transportationl above noted, but especially to the high cost of coal, mrost of which at present is brought froim Japan and Australia, the wages of employees, which are higher than in China for a similar class of boats, high prices of steamer stores, and the lack of harbor improvements, wharves, and facilities for loading or alischarging cargoes. These conditions can be in many particulars improved, especially with the development of coal in the Philippines (which is declared by experts to be superior in quality to that of Japan, which is now the chief reliance for steamships in all parts of the Orient), the imuprovement of harbors, the removal of dangerous rocks in passageways, and the construction of facilities for loading and unloading at less expense than under present conditions. The rivers of the various islands.<now offer facilities for navigation by small steamers over a distance of perhaps 500 or possibly 1,000 miles, and for transportation by bamboo rafts for probably an equal listan( e at places not available for navigation by steam, and this will be increased by a proper attention to the development of these natural facilities for traffic. ROAD BUILDING IN THE ISLANDS. (limiatic conditions in the Philippines make road building very expensive. It is, however, an absolute necessity to commerce, for unless the products of the interior can be brought to the great arterie(s of transportation-the rail, the river, or the seaboard — and the merchandise obtained in exchange therefor transported to thI interior, the commerce of the islands must continue small and its development be very slight. As a result the Philippine Commissioni in the early part of its work made an appropriation of $1,000,000 for the construction of roads and bridges, which was expended under the direction of the military authorities in repairing and building the roads most needed at that time. Further appropriations we're made from year to year until there now exists some 300 miles of roads under the supervision of the Commission. In addition to this, various provincial boards have undertaken and completed many short stretches of road and enabled scores of communities to transport their products to market. The value of road building is illustrated by a development which followed the opening of a short line of some 10 miles in the island of Luzon in 1905 where formerly it was nearly impossible to obtain access to the coast during wet weather, and hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of cocoanuts, the chief product of the country, were allowed to go to waste because of the absence of means of transporting them to market. In a single year since the road was opened the exports of that section of the country have been doubled, the value of the land increased, and the industrial activity among the natives greatly improved. 12 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. RAILWAYS. Railways are the prime necessity for reaching the interior of the islands. At present the entire length of railways in the islands is approximately 200 miles, all of which are located in the island of Luzon, the most northerly island of the group, and consisting chiefly of a single line extending northwardly from Manila to Dagupan. The Congress of the United States recently authorized the Philippine government to enter into a contract with any railway company organized pursuant to the laws of that government or those of the United States or any State thereof to construct and operate railways in the islands and to guarantee interest at not to exceed 4 per cent per annum upon bonds issued by such corporations, limiting the contingent liability of the Philippine government to $1,200,000 per annum for a term not to exceed thirty years, the total amount of the bonds upon which interest may be guaranteed to be limited to the actual amount of cash invested in construction and equipment of the roads, al1 payments to be made by the Philippine government to be a lien upon the railroad, subject only to the mortgage or deed of trust given as security for the bonds. It is believed that the system of railways to be established through the above described legislation and subsequent action may be the beginning of very great developnent of the producing power of the interior of the islands, by offering facilities for the transportation of products easily grown, or produced from the mines and forests, which also promise products of great value. With a proper aid and encouragement to the interisland river steamship traffic and the construction of railways to the interior of the islands will come a further development of wagon roads, by which the products may be transported to the railways and rivers. This is being accomplished in some cases by direct appropriations by the Philippine government and in others by appropriations by the municipalities and local governments in the various parts of the islands. The entire railway system of the islands amounted prior to American occupation to about 200 miles of road, all located in the island of Luzon, of which Manila is the chief city. It is now to be greatly enlarged by the construction of about 700 miles of new railway, for which concessions have been recently awarded by the United States and Philippine governments under the authority above cited. Advertisements were issued in Washington in June, 1905, for bids for the construction of railways under the legislation above noted, chiefly in the great island of Luzon, which lies at the northern end of the Philippine group, and in the Visayan Islands, which occupy the center of the Philippine group and are large producers of sugar, hemp, and cocoanuts. As a result of these advertisements a syndicate, consisting of William Solomon Co., bankers; Cornelius Vanderbilt, and J. G. White & Co., of New York; Charles M. Swift, of Detroit; H. R. Wilson; Hleidelbach-Ickelheimer & Co., of New York, and the International Banking Corporation have agreed to construct about 250 miles of road in the Visayan Islands the gauge to be 3 feet 6 inches, construction to( be first class andti under government supervision, the first 100 miles to be completed within one and one-half years and thereafter at the rate of 100 miles per annum until the entire line of approximately 250 miles is completed. The franchise is perpetual and freight rates are subject to determination as provided by law. Surveys are already well in operation, and it is expected that the work of construction will begin soon. A concession for the construction of another system of roads to be built in the island of Luzon in conjunction with the existing railway in that island was granted to Speyer & Co., of New York, by which about 450 miles of new road is to be constructed and brought into conjunction with the existing road. This will give railway transportation from Manila both north and south into the most productive sections of the great island of Luzon. No guaranty was asked by Speyer & Co. on any of this construction. The corn pany is given twelve months to complete its surveys and thereafter two years in which to complete the first 150 miles, and agrees to complete 75 miles each year thereafter. The gauge is to be 3 feet 6 inches, the quality of construction and material up to first-rate modern standards, with due regard to local conditions. Much of this road is to be in the form of short branches from the existing lines. These roads, for which concessions have been already granted, will give to the Philippine Islands, in conjunction with the roads already existing, nearly 1,000 miles of railway, and the fact thatmore than one-half of these new lines are now proposed to be built without requiring any guaranty from the Philippine government suggests that it may be able to extend a guaranty to additional 1 ines in the near future without exceeding the limit fixed by which the Philippine government was authorized to guarantee bonds whose annual interest may reach, but not exceed, $1,200,000 per annum. Regarding railways, the Secretary of War in his annual report for the year 1906 has the following: In June and July last, with your approval and that of the War Department, concessionary grants were made by the Philippine government, one to the Philippine Railway Company, a corporation of the State of Connecticut, as assignee of J. G. White & Co., for railways in the Visayan Islands, aggregating 300 miles in length, and the other to the Manila Railroad Company, a corporation of New Jersey, as assignee of Speyer & Co., for railways in the island of Luzon, aggregating 425 miles of new construction and 200 miles of road now in operation. The former of these grants-that to the Philippine Railway Company-involved the guaranty by the Philippine government, under the act of February, 1905, of the payment of 4 per cent interest, for thirty years, upon 95 per cent of the ascertained cost of the railways to be constructed. The grant to the Manila Railroad Company for construction, maintenance, and operation of railways in Luzon, aggregating 425 miles of new construction and 200 miles of existing road, was without guaranty by the government, but involved a change in the Spanish concession for 120 miles of railway and a release and waiver by the company owning the existing railway of all claims against the United States. Anyone familiar with the conditions in the Philippines must be aware that no real prosperity can come to those islands and no substantial improvement be made in the welfare, education, and uplifting of the people until the means of intercommunication between the islands and between the various towns in each island shall be greatly increased. The most important step that can be taken in this way is the construction of railroads, for they not only in themselves furnish most important intercommunication and transportation, but they also make possible, and indeed bring about, the construction of wagon roads. The islands are peculiar in not having good harbors. In each island those living on the coast have to travel far to a good harbor to embark themselves or their agricultural products. Railways connecting the harbors with the coast and interior towns are much needed. The conditions in the Philippines with respect to railroads have been deplorable. Until 1892 there was no commercial railroad in the islands. At that time, under a grant made in 1887, the Manila and Dagupan Railroad, extending from Manila to Dagupan, 120 miles, through the valley of north Luzon, began operations. In August, 1898, when we took possession of the Philippines, this was the only railroad in an archipelago inhabited by nearly 8,000,000 people and with an area of 115,000 square miles. When it is considered that in Algeria, with a population of not exceeding 5,000,000 and an area of 184,000 square miles, there are about 2,000 miles of railway under operation; that in New Zealand, with a population of 850,000 and an area of 104,000 square miles, there are 2,400 miles of railway in operation; that in Queensland, with a population of 500,000 and an area of (664,000 square miles, there are 2,800 miles in operation; that in Tasmlania, with 172,000 inhabitants and 26,000 square miles, there are 120 miles in operation, it will be understood what a lack of progress there has been in the Philippines under the Spanish regine. The English company which owns the Manila and Dagupani Railroad was given a franchise to construct branch lines in December of 1902 ---'one from the main line to Cabanatuan, 55 miles in length, and one to Antipolo, 25 iniles in length. These and two other short branches have now been constructed and increase the existing mlileage to about 200 miles. The new grants will bring the mileage in tlhe whole archipelago up to between 900 and 1,000 miles. The history of the English franchise and the character of the new franchises, the methods by which they have been awarded, and THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 13 their terms and effect, 1 discussed ill a report made to you in June last. The syndicates to whom these concessions were granted were composed (of men of the highest financial standing. with respect to whose good faith and ability to comply with the terms of the franchise and construct the railways there can be no doubt. Considering the hesitation with which American capital goes into the Philippine Islands, I think the result is cause for congratulation. I have no doubt that with the construction of these railways, if the investment shall prove to be profitable, as I hope it may, the extension of the railway in every direction will be only a matter of time. They will greatly increase the exportation of hemp and cocoanut and other agricultural products of the island, and will encourage the production of rice.to a point where the amount raised in the islands will easily supply the demand for it, and no importal ion of rice will thereafter be necessary. I am glad to be able to say that an arrangement has been made by which the government has been relieved from the necessity for maintaining means of communication between many of the islands by a line of steamers, and private capital has been induced, with a prospect of subsidy, to carry the mails and maintain regular communication along prescribed lines with approved accommodations upon their ships. REGULATION OF SHIPPING. Regarding shipping, the report of the chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Department, for 1906, has the following: One of the specific recommendations submitted by the Philippine Commission in its report for the year 1905 was that the act of April 15, 1904, providing regulations for shipping, be repealed, or that the operation of sections 1 and 2 thereof, governing the transportation of persons and merchandise after July 1, 1906, be suspended until July 1, 1909. At the time of the enactment of the original act it was hoped that by July 1, 1906, the American shipowners would have ample facilities to care for the shipping between the United States and the Philippines; but it became manifest that this could not be done. There are not enough ships of American registry plying between the United States and the countries of the far Orient to accommodate the Philippine trade, which is itself insufficient to justify the establishment of lines for its special accommodation. It was equally to the interest of the American exporter and the Philippine consumer that the date on which this legislation was to become effective should at least be postponed, and the recommendation of the Commission was earnestly indorsed by all parties in interest. In consequence, by an act of April 30, 1906, the date upon which the coastwise laws should go into operation was postponed from July 1, 1906, to April I l, 1909. This date was decided upon, as it is the date the special commercial privileges granted by the treaty of Paris to Spain will expire. In the foreign trade of the islands the British flag continues to lead all competitors, handling on the basis of value about 60 per cent of imports and 75 per cent of exports. The Spanish flag has second rank in both incoming and outgoing freights in consequence of the regular service furnished by the Spanish mail steamship line plying between Liverpool and the Philippines. The German flag if third, while American vessels are in the fourth rank, carrying about 9 per cent of the total imports and a smaller percentage of the exports. Just to what extent the (listribution of the carrying tradle of the islands by flags will be affected by the recent abolition of tonnage dues is unknown. The tendency of these port charges has been to make Manila a branch-line station to the grand-junction supremacy of Hongkong in the Orient and to foster communication with the outside world through this port. With free.entry established at Manila for all comers, whether with large tonnage or small cargoes, direct shipments may be expected to increase. With a harbor and port equipment, the finest in the Orient, nearing completion at Manila, this legislation, which opens tho Philippines freely to the main lines of ocean communication, bids fair to be followed by important carrying-trade readjustments as well as much improved shipping facilities. in view of the small percentage of the United States trade with the islands carried in American vessels the further suspension of the United States coastwise laws until 1909, that otherwise under the terms of the Frye bill would have become operative in July, 1906, may be considered fortunate, especially for the American export trade to the islands. Whatever benefits might have accrued to American shipping through increased freights, there was wellgrounded fear of a serious discouragement to trade between the United States and the islands and a prejudicial effect on American exports exposed to the competition of countries enjoying lower freight rates. LAND. The quantity of land available for an enlargement of agricultural and mineral production is very great. The secretary of the interior for the Philippine Islands in his report for 1905 states that but 3,209,000 acres of land in the islands are counted as under cultivation, while there are some 30 million acres of land other than forest land, and that much of the 42 million acres of forest land has a rich soil and may advantageously be cleared and cultivated. From this it would appear that but an extremely small percentage of the land in the Philippine Islands available for agriculture is at present cultivated, and as most of that now devoted to agriculture is cultivated by the most primitive methods there seems no doubt that the possibilities of agricultural production are many times those of to-day, and that the agricultural products available for commerce and exportation should and readily could be multiplied tenfold. The Philippine secretary of the interior, in his last annual report, says: The restrictions imposed by act of Congress upon the amount of land which may be purchased are preventing sales. Unquestionably the most harmful of these restrictions is the one which limits the amount of land which an individual may purchase to 16 hectares, or about 40 acres. It has been abundantly demonstrated that there is but one way in which the inhabitants of the Philippines can be taught modern methods. namely, by the force of example. What is needed more than anything else is a number of farms scattered throughout the islands upon which such methods are employed. Many Americans would be glad to buy such farms, but under existing provisions of law are absolutely debarred from purchasing land enough to make it practicable to do so. Cocoanut raising should become a very important industry in these islands, but it takes trees from six to seven years to come into bearing, and but 75 trees at the outside should be planted to the acre. The average return under favorable circumstances may be estimated at 1 peso (50 cents) per tree per year, so that the owner of a 40-acre cocoanut plantation must look forward to a wait of six years without income from his trees, and must then content himself with an annual maximum income of $1,500 gold, from which the expenses of operating his plantation would have to be paid. In a similar way it may be readily shown that the 40-acre limitation absolutely prohibits the establishment of sugar, coffee, hemp, rice, and cocoanut plantations. In fact, I know of no tropical crop which can be raised on 40 acres of land which would justify an American in purchasing such a tract and settling upon it. The amount of public land which an individual may purchase should be increased to at least 1,000 acres. There can be no doubt that the prosperity of the country could be further greatly increased if the restrictions upon the amount of land which might be owned or controlled by a corporation were made less severe. Repeated recommendations have been made in the past that the amount of land which a corporation may hold be increased to 25,000 acres. I believe that no harm would result from such a provision, and that 10,000 acres is the minimum amount upon which a corporation could well afford to establ1ish an up-to-date plantation, equipped with modern mills, machinery, and implements. That land is still available in large quantities and at low prices is shown by the fact that Hon. Jos6 R. de Luzuriaga, of the Philippine Commission, in a statement about sugar-producing opportunities in the Philippine Islands, prepared for the United States census, says that "prices of available land vary according to quality and location from $2 to $2.50 Mexican currency per hectare." As the hectare is approximately 24 acres and $2.50 in Mexican currency is equivalent to $1.24 in United States currency, it would appear that the prices for sugar lands are extremely low. Large areas are entirely unoccupied, and in many cases quite available for homestead or sale by the Government, while in other cases much land nominally owned by individuals is uncultivated. The small proportion of land in the Philippines actually occupied and cultivated is due, in some degree, at least, to the habit which prevails among the people generally of living in villages or towns. In all parts of the islands the people engaged in agriculture live chiefly in villages and content themselves by cultivating but an acre, or at the most, a few acres of land; and as a consequence, 14 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. there are considerable areas between these various plantations uncultivated andc undeveloped, while in other parts of the islands there are areas undeveloped because of absence of population. The people of the Philippines are extremely gregarious. The isolated farmhouse, so familiar in rural sections throughout the United States, is practically unknown in these islands, whose inhabitants almost universally live in village communities and largely subsist on such products of the soil as can be cultivated or gathered from wild growths in the immediate vicinity of their dwelling places. The custom of living in villages is not due alone to the social, comnparny-loving disposition of the people. It was rendered necessary by the ladronisin and the raids of Moros that prevailed throughout the islands for centuries. The piratical Moros in earlier times raided the islands as far north as northern Luzon, until, half a century ago. Spain put a stop to it. These, with the marauding bands of ladrones that have infested the most productive portions of the archipelago, rendered farm life in the American sense impracticable, and forced the people to live in more or less closely settled communities for the purpose of protection and defense against the incursions of the robbers. This has been one of the greatest obstacles in the way of agricultural development, and is in a large degree the cause of the numerous small land holdings. Another reason is the great productiveness of the soil and the variety of the crops that can be raised on a small piece of land. The spaces of land between their villages are, as a rule, unpopurated, and these intervening tracts, frequently of great extent, are almost wholly uncultivated and practically unused, except in a limited way for grazing purposes, or in the utilization of such wild growths of fruits, vegetables, or fiber plants as they produce. The average size of all farms in the Philippines is only 8~ acres. In the United States the average size of all farms is shown by the census of 1900 to have been 146.6 acres, making a ratio as to size of about 17 to 1. Two other requirements for the development of the islands agriculturally are urged as absolutely necessary. One of these is an increase in the number of acres which may be held by individuals, corporations, or associations of persons for agricultural purposes. The existing law limits a single homestead entry to 16 hectares, or about 40 acres, and the amount of land which may be acquired by any corporation or association of persons to 1,024 hectares, or about 2,500 acres. This limitation, especially as to the area which may be owned by a corporation or association of persons, is believed to be a serious obstacle to the development of the production of great staples in the islands, especially sugar and tobacco. Sugar (an not be successfully produced under present conditions, except by the investment of large sums of money for machinery for its manufacture from the cane, and this necessitates the assurance of large supplies of cane to be grown and transported to the centrales under conditions which may be relied upon by those investing their capital and operating the manufacturing machinery; and it; is by reason of this fact that an increase in the amount of land which may be held by a corporation or association of persons is urged as an absolute necessity to the development of the producing power of the islands in this and other great industries upon which they must rely for development. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. VEGETABLE FIBERS. Manila hemp. ---The most important product of the islands at present is the fiber produced by the plant Musa textiles, known throughout the civilized world as manila hemp. It is not a hemp in the ordinary acceptation of the term, as the tiber is produced from the leaf of a large plant, similar in appearance to the banana plant or tree, while in most 'cases hemp is the fiber extracted from the inner bark of the stein of a plant. Manila hemp, or "abac'A," as it is termed, is apparently a strictly Philippine product, and holds a high rank, perhaps the highest rank, among the fibers of the world for manufacturing purposes. It has never been successfully grown elsewhere. The Philippine Islands have thuls apparently a monopoly of the produlction of the mIost important, or at least one of the most important, of the fiber plants of the world. Abaci has been introduced from the Philippines into India, Borneo, the West India islands, and elsewhere, but without success up to this time, and this failure to produce it elsewhere adds to the importance of the industry in the Philippines and to its probable great development. The opportunities for increasing its production in the Philippines are, according to Mr. IT. T. Edwards, fiber expert of the Philippine bureau of agriculture, almost unlimited. He says: Enormous areas of good abaca land are as yet untouched, while the greater part of the land already under cultivation might yield a greatly increased product if more careful attention were given to the various details of cultivation. The introduction of irrigation will make possible the planting of abaca in many districts where it is now unknown. The perfection of a machine for the extraction of the fiber will increase the entire output by nearly onethird, as this amount is now lost by the wasteful hand-stripping process. In each successive step, fromn the first selection of the land to the final treatment of the fiber, the progressive planter should have as his ultimate object the production of a given area of a maximum quantity of superior fiber at a minimum cost. With the industry established and conducted on this basis, abaca will continue to hold its place as the first product of the islands. The production of hemp has grown rapidly in recent years, the exportation having been in 1880 but 50,696 tons; in 1890, 50,530 tons; in 1900, 89,259 tons; and in 1.905,128,474 tons; while the value of hemp exported from the islands has grown from $4,931,882 in 1880 and $7,494,195 in 1890 to $13,300,841 in 1900 and $21,781,803 in 1905, forming in that year 65 per cent of the total value o;f merchandise exported from the islands. With the adaptation of machinery to the preparation of hemp for marketing, to take the place of the hand labor by which this is now performed, the area cultivated will doubtless greatly increase, and as the world is constantly demanding all of the hemp which the islands can at present offer there is reason to believe that this industry may be greatly developed and the exports of this article may alone amount to a hundred million dollars in value. Sisal.-Another plant of the hemp family which is likely to become an important factor in the wealth production of the Philippines is maguey, or sisal. Sisal ranks next to manila hemp among the coarse and strong fibers necessary for the manufacture of ropes, binding twine, and other work of this character. The plant grows upon a sandy or rocky soil and with small supplies of moisture, and therefore utilizes an area of little value for other purposes. So important has it become in the manufacturing industries of the world that its importation into the United States has grown from 34 million dollars in 1896 to 151 millions in 1906.. At present practically all of the sisal imported into the United States is brought from Mexico, which is the chief producer at present of the henequen plant, which is so closely allied to the fmaguey plant that their products are said to be of about equal value. The production of sisal hemp has within a comparatively recent period made Yucatan one of the richest States in the Republic of Mexico, and the experimients which have been made with the production of maguey in the Philippines seem to justify the belief that it may becomeof as great importance in those islands as henequen has in Mexico. While the plant was introduced many years ago, probably from Mexico, it is only during the last few years that planters in the Philippine Islands have given attention to its production and development, and therefore only recently that its value as a fiber plant and prospective value to the commerce of the Philippines have been realized. The machinery mused for fiber extraction in the sisal regions of Mexico applies, it is said, with equal satisfaction to the maguey plant in the Philippines. The plant, according to Mr. Edwards, is now found in nearly all parts of the archipelago and, in his opinion, "offers inducements to the small farmer and to the planter with large estates. While the future price of fiber, as of any other agri THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 15 cultural product, can not be predicted with any degree of certainty, this fiber is a staple commodity, the use of which promises to increase quite as rapidly as does its production. The growth of the maguey industry in the Philippine Islands during the past four years indicates that it will at no distant date become one of the important agricultural products of the islands." There is good reason to believe that the heniquen or maguey plant may be successfully grown not only in the Philippine Islands but in Hawaii and Porto Rico, and upon lands now considered of little value for other purposes, and in most cases so located that transportation from the plantation to market can be had almnost entirely by water. These conditions seem to offer opportunities for the production in our own islands of the large quantities of sisal now imported front foreign countries at a cost of 15 million dollars per annuom, an importation which is growing so rapidly as to suggest that the total market offered to our islands may reach a much larger sum within a comparatively short time, while the demand in (ther countries is proportionately as great as in the United States. Certainly there seems good reason to assert that the fiber industries of the Philippine Islands may, if properly developed and cared for, find markets for a hundred million dollars a year for their products. Prof. Dean C. Worcester, a member of the Philippine Conmmission, who has had long experience in the islands, says of the maguey or sisal plant, in a discussion of the prospective importance of that fiber in the Philippine Islands: This valuable plant, from different varieties of which are derived commercial fibers variously known as maguey, heniquen, and sisal, is a native of desert regions, and when once 'established is not injured by the severest droughts ever experienced in the Philippine Islands, the only effect of such long-continued periods of dry weather as occur here being to increase the percentage of fiber which the leaves contain. te. Maguey has a further advantage over abaca in that it can not be blown down or uprooted by violent winds. It has no known insect enemies of importance. In very exceptional instances plants may be observed with some of their leaves perforated by the great beetle which often attacks the trunks and leaves of growing cocoanut trees, but the plants are so rarely attacked by this insect that the damage caused is of insignificant importance. Another great advantage incident to maguey culture is that it may be grown upon soil so sandy and poor that it is absolutely worthless for the production of any other valuable crop. The plants grow well even in fissures in bare limestone rock, and the ideal maguey soil is a light loam coniposed of leaf mold and decomposed limestone. If fragments of undecomnposed limestone are present in abundance, so much the better. I have seen splendidly developed maguey plants growing in pure beach sand on the coast of Mindoro and Tablas. The cultivation of the soil before planting it with nmaguey is not necessary. It suffices to clear away the brush and grass with the bolo, and after planting to repeat this operation two or three times a year. In many parts of the Philippines conditions are ideal for maguey production. While the plants will, without suffering severely. stand periods of drought longer than any which have ever occurre(l in these islands, they reach their best development if watered by occasional periods of rain. Our rainy season not only renders it certain that young plants newly set out will speedily and firmly establish themselves, but assures the production by old plants of large crops of long leaves, while the occurrence of a well-marked dry season renders it equally certain that these leaves will produ)ce a good percentage of high-grade fiber. Anyone familiar with local conditions in the islands will certainly realize that Cebu, Siquijor, and Bohol offer ideal conditions for maguey cultivation. Cebu has a thick cap of limestone rock extending over the greater part of the island. In some places this limestone cap is left entirely exposed, but as a rule it is covered by a thin layer of soil composed of leaf mold and decomposed limestone. Conditions in Bohol are very similar to those in Cebu. Siquijor is one solid mass of limestone so recently upheaved from below the sea that comparatively little soil has yet been formed. Labor conditions in these islands are very favorable to the establishment of the maguey industry. Siquijor has 434 inhabitants to the square mile, Cebu 336, and Bohol 169, while the average density of population for the islands is but 67 to the square mile. Tme people of Cebu and Bohol are especially noted for their industry, while the inhabitants of all three islands are naturally orderly and law-abiding. 19256-7 — 5 It should not, however, be imagined that the area in which maguey culture can be successfully carried on is limited to two or three provinces. With the exception of Benguet, Lapanto-Bontoc, Nueva Vizcaya, Tarlac, and Nueva Ecija, every province in the Philippine Islands has a more or less extensive coast line. The sandy soil usually to be found along or near the seashore produces excellent maguey, while in the great interior plains of Cagayan and Isabela there are enormous areas admirably adapted to the growing of this valuable fiber plant. Every one of the important abacaproducing provinces miight grow maguey as well and its inhabitants would thus be insured against the danger of finding themselves left without resources during periods of long continued drought or after violent typhoons. The returns from maguey culture are good as well as certain. The production of sisal has within a comparatively few years made Yucatan one of the richest States in the Republic of Mexico. The demand for this fiber in the United States, where it is used for the manufacture of reaper twine, is constantly increasing. The imports in 1894 were valued at $3,742,073 gold, while in 1904 they had increased to $15,935,555 gold, an increase of 325 per cent in ten years. The annual yield of fiber per acre in Yucatan and Hawaii seems to be about 1,000 pounds. Jute.-Another fiber of which the importations into the United States are large is jute, the total value of its importations ranging from 2 million dollars in 1896 to 6~ millions in 1906. Whether this plant can be successfully produced in the Philippines or other of our own islands is uncertain. Experiments which have been made in the Philippines have not thus far proved satisfactory, and the world is at present chiefly dependent upon India for jute. A table showing the quantity and value of hemp exported from the Philippine Islands by years from 1854 to 1905, and the percentage which hemp formed of the total exports in each year named will be found on page 30. SUGAR. Sugar is perhaps the next important article after hemp in the production, present and prospective, of the islands. The exportation of copra, the dried meat of the cocoanut, has in recent years nearly equaled and in some cases exceeded that of sugar, but the enormous and permanent demand of the world for sugar, contrasted with the limited areas now producing that article, suggests that any natural sugar-producing area, if properly supplied with capital, labor, and transportation facilities, may be assured of permanent and constantly expanding markets. The world's consumption of sugar has grown from less than 3 million tons in 1875 to 41 millions in 1885, over 8 millions in 1895, and 12 millions in 1905. The money sent out of the United States in the purchase of sugar required in excess of the products of our own farins and plantations has grown from 31 million dollars in 1860 to 57 millions in 1870, 80 millions in 1880, 96 millions in 1890, 100 millions in 1900, and 144 millions in 1905, including in these latter figures the sugar brought from Porto Rico and the Hawaiian Islands and amounting to 46 million dollars in value. The production of sugar in the Philippine Islands has never at its very highest figure exceeded 350,000 tons, nor is the present production for export more than 100,000 tons annually. The United States demands annually 2 million tons and the whole world demands over 12 millions. The possibilities of production are considered far in excess of that at the present time, and there is good reason to believe that the sugar exports of the Philippines, which in 1905 were but 5 million dollars in value, mayreach several times that figure with the introduction of modern machinery for production, the enlargement of the area which sugar-producing estates may control, and the bringing into cultivation of large sugar areas not now utilized. The machinery at present used for extracting the juice from the cane is reported by those who have had opportunity to examine it as in practically all cases of an extremely primitive character, not only losing large quantities of the juice and consequently of the sugar, but requiring the use of expensive fuel for the reduction of the juice to sugar; while in the cane-sugar islands and countries where modern methods are adopted the entire fuel supply is obtained from the bagasse or stalk of the cane from which the moisture is so completely 16 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. extracted in its passage between the rollers that it is immediately available for fuel. In Porto Rico, in Cuba, and in Hawaii the stalks of the cane after leaving the rollers supply sufficient fuel for the entire work of evaporating the juice and turning it into sugar. Hon. Jose de Luzuriaga, of the Philippine Commission, in a chapter on sugar production in the Philippines, prepared for the Census, says: After the period of progress in the cultivation of sugar cane in the Philippines, which reached its greatest development in 1893, had passed, a decline set in which continued until 1895, followed by a depression from which the industry has been unable to recover. This depression is due to the vicissitudes agriculture has experienced, caused, first, by the competition of beet sugar; second, by the growth of hemp and cocoanut plantations, which have taken away considerable numbers of laborers from sugar estates; third, to the continual fluctuations in the price of sugar; and, last, to the war, the rinderpest, the cholera, miasmatic fevers, famine, and the locusts, which brought ruin to many plantations and a complete depression in the cultivation of the cane in nearly all of the sugarproducing provinces. In the period prior to 1893, under the auspices of peace, and when backed by the financial help extended by houses which lent money and furnished machinery on the crops, the cultivation of cane made rapid progress during a period of not quite thirty years. If the sugar industry has fallen into decay after reaching a high degree of prosperity in these islands, it is undoubtedly because of the overwhelming misfortunes which the planter is unable to withstand, in view of the fact that there are no banking or loan institutions here to which he can turn for relief. While the quantity of sugar produced in the Philippine Islands has never been sufficient to permit the exportation of more than 753 million pounds at the highest and 239 million pounds in 1905, it is believed that the production may be considerably increased both by the application of modern methods to the lands now cultivated, and by bringing under cultivation large quantities of additional available land. Even if this were done, however, it seems scarcely probable that the production would be sufficient to supply any considerable share of the demand of the United States for sugars of foreign production, since the entire quantity of sugar exported from the Philippine Islands to all parts of the world in 1905 only equaled 6 per cent of that brought into the United States from foreign countries, not including in this figure the quantity brought from Hawaii and Porto Rico, and the quantity exported from the Philippines in the year of their highest exportations was less than one-fifth of that brought from foreign countries to the United States in the fiscal year 1906. The total value of sugar exported from the Philippine Islands to all parts of the world in 1905 was but about 3 per cent of the value of sugar brought into the United States from foreign countries in that year. A table on page 31 shows the quantity of sugar exported from the Philippine Islands from 1854 to 1906 and the share which sugar formed of the total value of the exports in each year named. It will be noted that in the period irom 1860 to 1890 the share which sugar formed of the total exportation ranged from 25 to 50 per cent and in two or three years exceeded 50 per cent of the total exports; while in the period since 1900 it has formed only from 10 to 15 per cent of the total exports, and the quantity exported has fallen from about 700 million:pounds in 1895 to 239 million pounds in 1905. TOBACCO. Tobacco is classed by the recent census of the Philippines as the third agricultural product of the islands in point of commercial importance. Originally introduced from America into the Philippine Islands by Spanish missionaries in the latter part of the sixteenth century, its cultivation has extended throughout the group of islands, but is especially grown in the northern part of the most northerly island, Luzon. The consumption among the inhabitants of the Philippine Islands is large, and as a consequence the quantity available for exportation is comparatively small, having at no time in the last thirty years reached as much as $3,000,000 in value, while in many years the total value of leaf and manufactured tobacco exported was less than $2,000,000. Most of this article I exported goes in the natural form, the total value of leaf tobacco sent out of the islands in 1905 being $1,367,212, of cigars, $892,561, and of cigarettes, $14,250. Of the leaf tobacco exported, $866,756 in value went to Spain and $386,469 to Austria-Hungary, while none Was sent to the United States. Of the $892,561 worth of cigars exported, $316,680 went to Hongkong, $106,401 to China, $129,529 to British India, $95,015 to Australia, $81,505 to the United Kingdom, $27,381 to Spain, $22,846 to France, and $14,114 to the United States. While the area of land available for the cultivation of tobacco is much greater than that now utilized for that purpose, the greatest interest in the development of that industry, from the standpoint of the United States at least, lies in the possibility of production in the Philippine Islands of wrapper tobacco of the character now imported from Sumatra, which lies at a comparatively short distance from the Philippines. A table on page 31 shows the quantity and value of tobacco exported from the Philippine Islands from 1854 to 1905. THE COCOANUT AND ITS PRODUCTS. The cocoanut and its products now form a considerable and rapidly increasing percentage of the exports from the Philippine Islands. Copra, or the dried meat of the cocoanut, now ranks third in the total exports of the islands. Prior to 1890 the value of this article exported was very small, having on only two occasions exceeded 100 thousand dollars. In 1892, however, the value was threequarters of a milliot dollars; in 1894, over 1 million; in 1905 it was $3,244,703, and in the fiscal year 1906, $4,043,115. This large growth in the exportation of copra is due to the developments of recent years, by which the nuts may be readily transported in a dried or dessicated state to those countries which have facilities for utilizing the oil for manufacturing purposes. From it cocoanut oil and cocoa butter are manufactured, and the residuum, after expression of the oil, is an excellent food for stock, with many of the nutritive properties of cotton-seed oil cake. It is largely utilized in European countries for manufacturing, and of the 31 million dollars' worth of copra sent out of the Philippine Islands in 1905, over 2 million (lollars' worth went to France, three-fourths of a million dollars' worth to Spain, a quarter of a million dollars' worth to Germany, over 100 thousand dollars worth to India, and 82 thousand dollars' worth to the United Kingdom, while but 8 thousand dollars' worth was sent to the United States. The Philippine Census, discussing this industry, says that copra, while ranking fourth in value of exported commodities, is a comparatively new product and bids fair to become of much greater relative importance in the commerce of the Philippines than at present. Formerly the dried meat of the cocoanut was not exported, but the nuts themselves were shipped in limited quantities, and owing to the lack of detail and faulty classification the share which copra formed of the total exports of cocoanuts can not be determined prior to American occupation, as no distinction was, under Spanish rule, made in the custom-house records between exports of the nuts and of the dried meat. In no year prior to 1894 did the exports of cocoanuts and copra combined reach 1 million dollars in value. The Philippine Islands are especially adapted to the production of cocoanuts, and with the recent development of science by which it is so much used for foodstuffs and in manufactures, its importance as an element of industry and commerce in the islands assumes new proportions and promises to develop very greatly as a producer of wealth and as a factor in the commerce of the islands. Mr. William S. Lyon. of the Philippine bureau of agriculture, in charge of the division of plant industry in the Philippine Islands, in a recently published discussion of this subject, says that chemical science has within the past decade produced from the cocoanut a series of food products whose manufacture has revolutionized industry and placed the business of the manufacturer and producer upon a plane of prospe'rity never before enjoyed. Until recent years the demand THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 17 for the meat of the cocoanut or its products was limited to the uses of soap boilers and confectioners, but now its use has greatly extended. The conversion of cocoanut oil into dietetic compounds was undertaken in France in 1900, and now a large number of factories in France, Germany, Spain, England, and other European countries are turning out large quantities of "vegetaline," "cocoaline," and other products with suggestive names which are utilized by the thrifty Hollandish and Danish merchants in production of an imitation butter which is shipped by them to all parts of the civilized world. It was necessary to disguise the earlier products by subjecting them to trituration with milk or cream, but so perfect is the present emulsion that the plain and unadulterated fats produced in these European factories from the copra shipped from the Philippines and other tropical islands now find a ready market as butter, and these "butters" have so far found their readiest sale in the Tropics. The significance of these great discoveries to the cocoanut planter, says Mr. Lyon, can not be overestimated, for to none of these purely vegetable fats do the prejudices attach that so long and seriously have handicapped those derived from animal margarin or margarin in combination with stearic acid, while the low-fusion point of pure dairy butters necessarily prohibits their use in the Tropics, outside of points equipped with refrigerating plants. The field, therefore, is practically without competition, and the question will no longer be that of finding a market, but of procuring the millions of tons of copra or oil that this one industry will annually absorb in the immediate future. In view of the increasing demand for cocoanut products the industry, when prosecuted upon a considerable scale, promises, in the opinion of Mr. Lyon, to be for many years one of the most profitable and desirable enterprises which command the attention of the Philippine planter, while the area available for production of cocoanuts is very large and many times that now actually utilized. Tables on page 32 show the quantity and value of copra and cocoanuts and of cocoanut oil exported from the Philippine Islands from 1854 to 1905. COFFEE. Coffee is at present an inconsiderable item in the export trade of the Philippine Islands, or, indeed, of their production. Prior to 1890 it was an important and remunerative product of certain provinces and constituted a source of considerable wealth in the sections in which it was cultivated. In 1890 coffee ranked fourth in order of magnitude in the export trade of the islands, and did not fall below tobacco in the value of its exports, having been in 1890 7.4 per cent and in 1889 7.1 per cent of the total exports of the islands. Subsequent to 1890, however, the devastation of the coffee plantations by insects and disease caused a rapid diminution in thequantity produced and exported, but there is reason to believe that the same energy and scientific methods applied by the Dutch in Java to the protection of their coffee from insects and disease and a reestablishment of their coffee area might bring about a large coffee production in the Philippine Islands. The quality of the coffee of the Philippines is stated as especially fine, comparing favorably with that of the comparatively near-by island of Java. Coffee was brought to the islands by Spanish missionaries during the latter part of the eighteenth century, and its systematic cultivation commenced early in the nineteenth century. The possibility of the reestablishment of this industry in the Philippines is discussed by the Manila Daily Bulletin in its special annual edition of August 5, 1906, in which it says that natural conditions in the Philippine Islands for growing coffee are perfect and unexcelled elsewhere in the world, and notwithstanding the collapse of the islands as coffee producers, the fault is not that of the country but of those engaged in production. Java was, until 1880, it says, the second largest coffee-producing region of the world; then came the same disease as that which a little later swept the coffee plantations of the Philippines as if by fire, and at a single blow struck the production of Java coffee from a surplus of 165 mil lion pounds to barely enough for home consumption. The Dutch planters, interested in the maintenance of their plantations, brought scientific and careful treatment to bear upon the existing conditions of blight by insects and disease, and have so far reestablished their coffee industry that it now reaches an annual output of nearly 40 million pounds and commands the highest prices in the markets of the world. The Dutch producers of coffee in Java solved the problem by planting disease-resisting varieties of coffee, and have largely effected the restoration of their industry without recourse to other and more difficult and serious attempts to hold in check the disease by application of sprays or other methods of this character. Similar methods applied in the Philippines would, it is believed, result in the reestablishment of the coffee industry, while the large area known to be available for successful coffee growing suggests that the Philippine Islands may, with proper attention, be able to produce a considerable share of the 75 to 80 million dollars' worth of coffee imported into the United States each year. A table on page 32 shows the quantity and value of coffee exported from the Philippine Islands from 1854 to 1905. CACAO. Cacao is another article in which the production and commerce of the Philippine Islands may be largely developed. Cacao cultivation exists in nearly all parts of the archipelago, and with the growing demnand in all parts of the world for this product it seems probable that it may become an important wealth producer in the islands and add materially to their commerce. The census of 1903 says that the cultivation of the cacao plant, from the seed of which chocolate is obtained, is carried on in various portions of the islands, and in spite of crude and wasteful methods has proved a highly profitable and promising branch of agriculture. No appreciable commercial surplus of the product has yet been grown, practically the entire output being consumed in the islands; but the perfect adaptability of many sections to its successful cultivation, the superior quality of the chocolate produced from it, and the certainty of generous returns from the industry lead to the belief that this may be a remunerative branch of agriculture, and will hereafter be carried on more extensively and add materially to the value of insular exports. The growing popularity of this article in temperate as well as tropical countries is illustrated by the fact that the value of cacao and chocolate imported into the United States has increased from less than 3 million dollars in 1896 to nearly 10 millions in 1906. AGRICULTURAL BANKS. X The need of additional capital and capital available for the development of agricultural interests in the Philippines is a subject much discussed in the islands, and various methods have been proposed for accomplishing this object. Onhe which has been recommended by officials and business men is an agricultural bank, to be chartered by the authority of the Government and authorized to loan money on lands or by mortgage upon land or crops, subject, however, to government supervision as to rates of interest to be charged. lion. Henry C. Ide, the present head of the Philippine Commission, in his report as secretary of finance and justice, in 1905 urged the importance of the establishment of one or more agricultural banks for the primary purpose of advancing money to agriculturists mainly upon the security of their landed property. "The extreme need of capital for the development of agriculture is," he said, "entirely manifest." since "the people have not the money with which to employ the necessary labor or purchase the essential animals and agricultural machinery," while "abundance of money for these purposes at reasonable rates of interest would be one of the greatest boons." The insular government, he says, has not been in financial condition to enter upon the business of establishing directly such banks, but he calls attention to a scheme which has been worked out in Egypt, constituting a combination of private 18 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. enterprises with limited government aid, which, under circumstances somewhat similar to those existing in the Philippine Islands, has proven a great success. The Egyptian government, he says, set apart at the outset a small sum from its own funds for the purpose of making experiments among the people who were thriftless, poverty-stricken, and loaded down by the exactions of usurers. The experiment was tentative and upon a very small scale, beginning in 1896, but the success was demonstrated in limited localities and the work transferred to the Bank of Egypt and capital furnished through that bank. Finally an agricultural bank with this special purpose was established, and the loans carried by the Bank of Egypt were transferred to it. The rate of interest that may be charged to borrowers is restricted to 9 per cent at the most, and under this plan he states that very great relief has been furnished to the landowners of Egypt, the losses to the bank or the government have been very few, and habits of industry largely developed among the natives when they were released from the grasp of the usurers. Mr. Ide expresses the opinion that this system would be of great benefit in the Philippines, and recommends that Congress be asked to authorize the establishment of an agricultural bank by private capital, the principal to be guaranteed by the government of the Philippine Islands and interest at a rate not to exceed 4 per cent per annum, the rate of interest to be charged to borrowers in no case to exceed 10 per cent. The report of the chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs has the following on the subject of agricultural banks: There is pending another measure in both the Senate and House of Representatives on which there has yet been no legislative action and which would be of benefit to all classes of Filipinos. This is the bill providing for the establishment of an agricultural bank. The text of the bill as introduced is as follows: "That for the purpose of aiding in the establishment and operation of such an agricultural bank in the Philippine Islands as the general government thereof may hereafter specifically authorize, the Philippine government is empowered to guarantee an income of not exceeding four per centum per annum upon cash capital actually invested in such agricultural bank; such guaranty shall be granted by an act of the Philippine Commission." Heretofore the inhabitants of the islands away from Manila have had no place in which they could secure their savings and no place from which they could borrow on reasonable terms the money necessary in their agricultural or other industries. Where such loans can be obtained at all the borrower is forced to pay from 1 to 10 per cent a month, and there was absolutely no place in which money could be deposited with safety. One of these conditions is in a fair way of being met by the recent establishment in the islands by the Philippine government, as a part of the postal service, of a postal savings bank. This will immediately enable persons to deposit with the government small sums of money on which they will receive interest of 2~ per cent, to be increased later if the operation of the postal savings bank shows that it can be successfully done without loss to the government. To meet the second necessity, that of enabling the agriculturist to borrow money at a reasonable rate of interest, the Philippine Commission has recommended the passage of the act above quoted. The matter of an agricultural bank suitable to the needs of the Philippines has been the subject of earnest study by the Commission for many years. A comprehensive report on this subject has been made by the chief of the currency division of the islands, showing the results which have been obtained by similar institutions in other countries of the Far East, as well as in many European countries, and the legislation which is requested of Congress is simply to authorize the Philippine government to guarantee interest on the capital invested in this bank, with the merest outline of the organization and management of the bank. The Philippine Commission contemplates the passage by the Commission of a very comprehensive act governing the operation and management of this bank and its supervision by the Philippine government. In the United States, where private banks provide both for the safe deposit of savings and for the procuring of loans on reasonable and proper security, the necessity for both a guaranteed agricultural bank and a postal savings bank in the Philippines may not be apparent; but in the Philippines, where business outside of the city of Manila has been unable to attract private banks for any purpose, the necessity of these institutions to the encouragement of agriculture and to the progress of the people is most urgently felt. MINING. The mineral resources of the islands are declared by the recent census of the islands to be of very great importance. Unless all indications are deceptive, it says, the mineral wealth of the Philippine Islands is very great. Coal, equal in steam capacity to the best Japanese coal, is found in several places in the archipelago. Indeed, there are few provinces in which coal has not been found. Many of the prospects, which, on the surface appear almost worthless, may, with depth, develop into a better quality. Gold, also, is very widely distributed, but thus far the veins and placers are poor and can not be worked with profit under present conditions of transportation and labor. Valuable deposits of copper and iron have been discovered, and in years past have been worked to a limited extent. Indications of asphaltum and petroleum have also been discovered, yet the mineral production of the islands was, in 1902, practically nothing. A report of Dr. G. F. Becker, of the United States Geological Survey, states that coal has been found in a large number of places throughout the islands and is being mined on Batan by the United States for supply of army transports. Analyses, he adds, show that it equals the best Japanese coal, which, it may be added, is the chief reliance of practically all the steamships and war vessels while in the Orient. Samples of coal from the island of Cebu, which have been analyzed, also proved to be little, if any, inferior to the coals of Japan. The report adds: It is altogether probable that in the near future the Philippine Islands will produce not only enough coal for their own supply, but may furnish coal for a large part of the commerce of the Pacific, a fact of prime importance in determnining the course of that commerce. With cheap, good coal, and dock facilities at Manila, the traffic of that port may be vastly increased. The suggestion of a coal supply at the city of Manila, with its favorable docks and facilities for convenient lading, is especially noteworthy in view of the fact that Japanese coal now utilized by vessels in the west Pacific waters is in most cases taken by hand labor from the lighters which bring it alongside the vessel and consequently occupy much time of the vessels in the coaling operations. Iron deposits are also reported in various parts of the Philippines and in certain provinces appear to be extensive and rich. The ore in certain sections is hematite and magnetite, principally the latter, and runs from 50 to 63 per cent of metallic iron. FORESTS. The forests of the Philippine Islands are stated by the recent census to be of wide extent, embracing a great variety of woods, many of them highly valuable. Woods suitable for the finest cabinet work, for veneering, and for artistic purposes, and also woods adapted to ship or house building and other economic uses are found in great abundance. There are also many gutta percha, india rubber, and other gum-producing trees, dye and medicinal trees and plants, and various growths, all of which promise to add much to the productiveness and commerce of the islands with a development of methods by which they can be transported to the seaboard and thence to various parts of the world where woods of this character are in demand. The census of the Philippines states: Summarizing the information at hand, it appears that approximately 70 per cent of the area of the archipelago, or about 80,000 square miles, is forested. The forested area was estimated by Fernando Castro in 1.890 at about 48,112,920 acres, or 75,150 square miles. This estimate included all the woodland, public and private, and amounts to 66 per cent of the total area. An official estimate made in 1876 gave an area of about 80,000 square miles. Little is known concerning the stand of timber per acre. The forestry bureau has made careful examinations at several places in tihe islands and has measured sample acres containing more than 1'0,000 cubic feet, or 100,000 board feet, per acre, and its reports large areas of virgin forest, of which the average stand is 7,000 cubic THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 19 feet per acre. It is probable, however, that this is much above the average of the wooded area of the islands; still, enough is known to hazard the conjecture that the average stand of timber in the islands may exceed 2,000 cubic feet per acre. If this estimate of average stand is not excessive, the amount of timber in the archipelago is in the neighborhood of 1,000,000 million feet broad measure, or more than double the amount in the States of Oregon and Washington together. The stumpage value of the above timber to the government, at an average of 3 cents gold per cubic foot, is not far from 3 billion dollars, and it is easy to foresee that when tile lumber industry reaches any considerable magnitude the receipts from it will form no inconsiderable part of the income of the government. The islands are well supplied with streams having sufficient volume of water f floating logs. Most of these can lbe made good driving streams by a little work in the way of re(moving snags and sand bars. It must be remembered, however, that most of the timber in the Philippines is too heav y to float and that the logs must be buoyed by bamboo poles. It may be discovered when logging operations on a large scale are instituted that logging railways will be more economical than driving the logs in the streams. Logging is carried on at present on a small scale and with very primitive appliances. The logs are dragged out of the woods by carabaos to the railroad or to the stream, idown which they are floated by the aid of bamboo. Fear was expressed in the early occupation of the archipelago by the Americans that capital might exploit and ruthlessly destroy the forests, regardless of the future. Stringent regulations were adopted with reference to the cutting of trees, including high and almost prohibitive taxes on lumber cut. This stringency has been materially reduced, however, with the purpose of encouraging a reasonable development of the lumber industry and the utilization of the vast quantities of valuable woods now going to waste through natural growth and passage to maturity and decay of the forests. The forestry bureau is inviting lumbermen with capital, the Filipino Chamber of Commerce is advertising the lumber resources of the islands in order to attract capital, and the new system of railways will offer opportunities for the transportation of this important article of commerce, for which the demand of the commercial world is continually and rapidly increasing. Most of the commercial woods of the Philippines are hard woods, except certain pine forests on the east and west coasts of the great island of Luzon, the most northerly of the group, and the huge calantas, or Philippine cedars, found throughout the islands. The hard woods are of such dense character and close texture that most of them, even when dried, sink in salt water, and the mahoganies, ebonies, and other furniture w(,oods are of great value and found in almost unlimited quantities. INDIA RUBBER. The possibilities and probabilities that india rubber may be successfully produced in the Philippine Islands are especially interest- I ing to the people of the United States, the largest rubber-consuming country of the world. India rubber and gutta-percha plants and trees are found in various parts of the islands in sufficient numbers to justify the belief that rubber cultivation may prove successful. Experiments made in establishing rubber plantations in Java, the Straits Settlements, and Ceylon have been so successful as to justify I the belief that the rubber production of the world will, in the not I distant future, come largely from cultivated trees instead of from the natural rubber forests, as at present. Indications seem to justify the belief that the Philippine Islands are capab)le of producing large quantities of this article. Data collected by Director Ahern and by Philippine botanists and collectors show that the cliniate, soil, and other conditions of the islands are favorable to rubber and gu ttapercha, while government nurseries have been already established in the islands for the distribution of rubber plants for the use of rubber plantations. The three great rubber-producing sections of the world at the present time are: (1) The Amazon Valley in South America; (2) the East indies, including British India, Ceylon, Burma, Straits Settlements, Java, and Blorneo; (3) Africa, including numerous foreign possessions and free states along the coast of Africa, and Madagascar; and (4) Mexico and Central America. The growing demand of the world for india rubber and the importance of the possible development of this industry in the Philippines are illustrated by the fact that the value of rubber imported into the United States alone hlas grown from less than.17 million dollars in 1896 to 50 millions in 1905. CURRENCY. Commerce with the Philippines lihs marked advantages over that with most oriental countries in having as its medium of exchange a stable currency and one easily comparable with that of the United States. The money of the Philippines is a silver coin about the size of the UInited States dollar, called a peso, and maintained at a value of 50 cents in United States gold coin. There are fractional silver and nickel coins, but they occupy the same relation to the peso that the fractional currency of the United States does to the dollar and are legal tender for only limited sums. This currency, while created by the government in recognition of the popularity of silver as a money metal, has a distinct advantage over the silver currency in use in most of the oriental countries in its stability, which is as absolute as that of the silver dollar in the United States. In many of the oriental countries commercial transactions, and cspecially commercial contracts for future purchases or delivery of merchandise, are rendered extremely uncertain by the fluctuating character of the currency, which is based upon the quantity of silver contained in the standard coin; bilt all thlis is eliminated in commercial transactions in the Philippines by the fact that the value of the peso is maintained at one-half tlhat of the United States gold dollar, irrespective of the current price of silver. The transition from the old Spanish peso, which was the basis of currency prior to American occupation, was accomplished without serious disturbance of business conditions. A system has also been established by which silver certificates representing the silver pesos are issued upon a basis similar to that by which silver certificates are issued in the United States, and these silver certificates are largely used in business transactions as silver certificates are used in the United States instead of the silver dollar. Considerable quantities of United States currency are also in circulation, and although the United States silver dollar is valued at 100 cents gold, against the Philippine peso of approximately thle same size, valued at 50 cents gold, the two coins and the silver certificates representing them and the gold certificates circulate side by sidel among the people in the islands, with an easy recognition of their relative value and a growing use of United States currency. Tle amount of money in circulation exceeds $30,000,000, or a per capita of about $4, against $1.84 per capita in China, $3.36 in Japan, $2.07 in India, and $0.63 in the Dutch East Indies. Another feature of Philipp)line currency which is of marked advantage in business transactionis between the Umnited States and those islands and in providing elasticity to their currency is found inl the system by which the Philippine treasury, through the sale of orders for tlie payment of gold in New York, aids ill tlle exchamnge of values between the islands and( the great financial center of thle governing country. While the amount of currency ill use in the gold-using countries is, says the Mamnla) Daily lulletin, adjusted through tranlsfers of gold when necessary, this contingency is provided for in the case of the Phili!ppine islands, where no gold is in, circulation, by the sale at the Philippine tre(asury of orders for the nayinent in New Yotk of gold il (quantities to suit the impurchaser. These orders, known as deumanid drafts, an(d telegraphic transfeim, are sold to all at a uniform rate, based upoI)n( the actual cost of shipping to New York the same amiount of gold coin. A mierchant in the United States wlhen lie finrds the bank's maie for cxcmhange higlIer than the actual cost of shipping gold, settles his balances b)y shipping gold; in the Philippines, wheire there is no gold., Il buys an order fr so iluch gold at exactly what:t would cost himii to( ship thle coin were it available, and is thus saved the trouble of making the shipment 19256-07 --- 20 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. and runs no risk of loss oI delay, and in like manner exchange is sold in New York payable in Manila under similar conditions. LANGUAGE. Another featulre of blsiness ill which the exporter or 'mporler of the United States finds a marked advantage ip commlerce with the Philippine islands as compared with that of most orientatl colmtries is the fact that the English language and American weights and measures, as well as currency, are more readily understood and more in use than is the case in other countries of the Orient. While a large proportion of the natives in the business centers still use the Spanish languae in their daily intercourse, and the terms of currency, weights, and measures to which they have been accustomed. the grow ing use If the English language and the terms of currency, weights, and measures utilized in the United States reduces greatly the; difficulty of business transactions in the Philippines. The English language is rapidly coming into use, especially in the business centers of the islands. The United States authomities. in developing a system ot government and of education in the Philippines, found in existence a large number of languages and dialects amcong the various groups of people sepaatedl by bodies of water or mountain ranges, and while the Spanish language was known to a conimparatively small number in each of these group', neither this nor any one of the native languaSes was sufficiently well known to be adopted as a general basis of education or of interisland conmmunication. As a consequence, after careful consideration the English language was decided urp(en as that which should be taught in the schools and used, as far as possible, from the first and its use encouraged continuously in the governtmental and business transactions throughout the entire group of islands. Over 1,000 American teachers were called from the United States and distributed through the islands, and instruction in the English language made an imuportant part of their work, especially in the preparation of Filipino teachers for extending instruction in English throughout the schools in the islands. As a result, there are now 700 American and 6,225 Filipino teachers at work in the schools of the islands, conducting there an educational work in the English language, and in this manner the use of English is being rapidly disseminated among the people, not only of the rising generation, but among those engaged in business through the nimedium of night schools. This condition, by which the English language is coming into use and comnmunications in that language readily understood, gives to commerce with the islands a marked advantage over that with other oriental countries. The annual report of the director of education for the Philippines, covering the activities of the educational work in the islands for the year ended June 30, 1906, shows 3,166 primnary schools in the islands, with an average attendance of 375,554 pupils. Seven hundred American teachers and 6,224 Filipino teachers are employed. All of the school divisions. the report says, conducted teachers' institutes, varying from four to six weeks in the different provinces. The instruction given was divided between the common branches of the intermediate course and special topics of instruction, such as school gardening, domestic science, primary indcustrial work, and methods of teaching. There are 2,454 primary school buildings in the islands owned by the miunicipalities, and in addition a number of buildings belonging to the provinces, but not constructed originally for school purposes, are used. Private instruction, the.report says, plays a large part in the intellectual life of the islands. Many of these schools are supported by the Catholic Church, with a history reacthing back several decades. Some of themm teach English, although in practically iall of them Spanish is the basis of instruction. The Filipino teachers. Dr. David P. Harrows, the director, says, continue to gain in reliability, strength of character, and moral purpose. FILIPINO STUDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES. There are now 184 Filipino students in the United States, according to the report of the Insular Bureau of the War Department for 1906. During the past year three students have been returned to the islands, two on account of ill health and one by reason of misconduct. With these exceptions there has been no case of serious illness, and the Filipino students have made creditable progress in their work and conducted themselves in an exemplary manner. Mr. William Alex. Sutherland, superintendent of Filipino students, reports that he has secured from various institutions more scholarships than have been needed by government students, almost every school that has been applied to for such scholarships having granted as many as were necessary. During the summer vacation almost 50 per cent of the students have been engaged in some work other than summer school work, the remainder having attended summer sessions of their respective schools. The 184 Filipino students in the United States are in 45 different institutions, most of them in technical or professional schools. Their distribution by States, according to the report of the Insular Bureau, is as follows: Illinois, 50; Indiana, 25; Iowa, 16; Pennsylvania, 15; District of Columbia, 13; Ohio, 12; New York, 10; Wisconsin, 9; Kansas, 8; New Jersey, 7; Nebraska, 6; Massachusetts, 5; Michigan, 2; Colorado, 2; Minnesota, 2; Connecticut, 1; and California, 1. PACKING GOODS FOR SHIPMENT TO THE ISLANDS. While the importance of properly packing goods for shipment by rail, by steamer, by lighter, and by native carriers under all conditions and in all sorts of crude ways has been frequently brought to the attention of exporters in the United States, a brief statement prepared in Manila by persons thoroughly familiar with existing custqms and the existing requirements of the present methods of transportation, printed in the annual number of the Manila Daily Bulletin, is of such practical value and presents in such condensed form the conditions absolutely necessary to the successful shipment of goods to the Philippines that it is deemed worthy of reproduction in this general discussion of Philippine commerce. The statement is as follows: The subject of packing and invoicing shipments to the Philippines has been discussed through the columns of trade papers and by private correspondence until it is worn threadbare, and there is nothing to be said that has not been previously made clear to American exporters. Regardless of this, the importers continue to experience the same difficulties and losses resulting from careless and indifferent packing on the part of American exporters. Credit must be given to a few who have taken the pains to follow instructions and pack their goods properly. The majority, however, apparently disregard the importer's instruction as to packing and invoicing in accordance with customs regulations. and continue to handle their shipments as if they were destined for a neighboring village instead of a country 10,000 miles away. The fact that the lightly constructed case must be transshipped and handled three or four times by oriental steveldores (compared with whom the ordinary baggage smasher at home is a tame proposition) is lost sight of entirely. That goods handled so often and in such a rough manner require strong and careful packing is evident even to the most inexperienced. Steamship companies will not admit claims for breakage or storage when found to be due to insufficient packing, and the importer is forced to stand the loss. He is not only obliged to lose the goods, but is forced to pay duty on such goods as per invoice. Shortage from theft commrlonly occurs with such goods as shirts, collars, cuffs, shoes, hats, etc. It rarely happens that shipments of these articles arrive intact, the loss from theft frequently amounting to sufficient to eclipse the importer's profit on the shipment. Special care should be taken in packing this line of goods. Double wooden cases, well strapped, give better protection against theft than single zinc-lined cases. The importer prefers to pay for the additional case rather than have a carefully ordered assortment spoiled in sizes by theft, without mentioning the mloney value of the goods l(ost. THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 21 The writer has often seen shipments of the above-named articles shipped by responsible firms in the United States in cases made from one-eighth inch to one-fourth inch pine boards, resulting in damage to the goods and heavy losses froin theft. Liquids also require careful packing, and it would appear that all shippers should realize the fact. Nevertheless I have observed instances in which liquids were packed in the same case with hardware. Goods paying duty on gross weight should never be packed in the same case with goods which are assessed on the net weight. This can be avoided by securing a copy of the Philippine tariff from the Bureau of Insular Affairs, at Washington, which can be had for the asking. Cases should be well strapped, and care should be taken that nails are not driven into the contents, as often happens. Machinery, if cased, should be fastened to the sides of the case so as to be firm, and any loose parts packed in the same case should be securely fastened so that they can not move about. An instance came under my observation recently in which an automobile was shipped to the Philippines by a leading manufacturing firm in the United States. It was found on arrival that some heavy loose parts, packed in the same case with the machine and not properly secured, had broken loose and shifted about, the damage resulting amounting to several hundred dollars. The importer was put to a great deal of trouble and expense, besides being deprived of the use of the machine for several weeks. Another important matter is the proper preparation of shipping documents. The shipping department of every manufacturer engaged in foreign trade should have posted in a conspicuous place printed instructions calling attention to the absolute necessity of obeying to the slightest detail the shipping and billing requirements received from the customer. Bill of lading should give rhark and number clearly, and should agree with marks and numbers shown on the invoice and manifest. Otherwise a correction must be filed at the custom-house, which means delay in dispatch. Proper care should be taken that the invoice shows the exact gross and net weight for each package in kilos, or, if this is not possible, at least the exact weight in pounds. Where different classes of goods are packed in one case, the net weight for each class should be shown separately, and not given in a lump sum. It is also necessary that the invoice state what the goods are made of, whether brass, iron, iron with brass, plain wood or veneered wood, crockery, plain or painted, etc., according to the tariff classification. It frequently happens that the invoice only shows the number of the articles as catalogued without indicating the class of goods. This causes great inconvenience to the importer, who is compelled to check the invoice against the catalogue, which he may not have in many cases, and renders it almost impossible for him to properly declare his goods. The result is not only vexatious delays, but often means a fine as well. Invoices must be forwarded to the importer in triplicate, one copy to be retained by him and two copies to be filed at the custom-house when entering his goods for duty. If the value of the shipment is $100 or more, a consular invoice is required, the lack of which will compel the importer to file a bond at the custom-house pending the presentation of same. The cost of this bond varies in accordance with the amount, but in no case is less than $2.54 plus 50 cents for stamps. Proper care should be taken that bills of lading reading to order be properly indorsed, otherwise a bill of lading bond will also be required. Customs officials do not recognize anything but properly made out papers. Another point which may be mentioned here is that drafts should not be forwarded before shipping papers or before the steamer carrying the shipment is on the way. It frequently occurs that drafts, even if drawn at thirty days' sight, are due long before the goods arrive. COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES FROM A PHILIPPINE STANDPOINT. The following paper on commercial and industrial conditions and opportunities in the Philippines was prepared by Hon. W. Morgan Shuster, formerly insular collector of customs at Manila, now a member of the Philippine Commission. It was originally delivered as an address in the Philippine Islands and a copy supplied by request to the Bureau of Statistics for publication in this document: There are only two possible methods of producing wealth in the Philippine Islands. One is to extract the same directly from the land and the adjacent waters, and the other is to establish here great manufacturing plants for the conversion of these more or less simple products into more valuable ones, or even the conversion of! imported crude materials into higher forms. These two methods of producing wealth are just as open to the people of the Philippine Islands as they are to anyone else in the world. We have the soil, the climatic conditions, and the territory sufficient to produce some large and valuable crops. Two other elements are necessary-labor and capital. Now, the production of wealth by the first method above mentioned, to wit, directly from the soil, requires a large supply of labor and comparatively I little capital. Four years ago the labor question in the Philippines appeared to be, at best, rather (doubtful. Since then, however, it has been conclusively demonstrated that under proper treatment I and conditions Filipino labor may be depended on. The railroads which are to be built here in the immediate future will prove this, to say nothing of the large enterprises which have been successfully carried on with Filipino labor since the American occupation of these islands. The second inethod of producing wealth is by establishing manufacturing plants for the conversion of simple products into more valuable ones. This method requires a fair amount of highly skilled labor and a rather large amount of capital. Which, then, of the two methods should we attempt to adopt first? I think that logic and practical conditions both urge the first method-the extraction of wealth directly from the soil. I do not mean by this to decry the establishment of manufacturing plants or the employment of the numerous other similar opportunities for the investment of capital. But I do mean that the great mass of the Filipino people, who are without capital, must put their shoulder to the wheel and produce their share of the world's wealth from the soil direct. * * * The principal exports of the Philippines, comprising practically all of the exports, are only four in number. Hemp, sugar, copra, and tobacco. There is no reason why that list should not include at least eight articles by adding thereto lumber, rubber, cacao, and coffee. There is no good reason for the exports of these islands not being $50,000,000 a year instead of a little over $30,000,000 a year, as they actually are. * * * While those interested in the Philippines should endeavor to extract our wealth in these islands directly from the soil for some time to come, it is not meant that we should refuse or overlook those opportunities for the establishment of such other industries as may already be practicable here. Perhaps nowhere else in the world is there such a splendid field for a shipbuilding plant as in these islands, especially for a plant adapted to the construction of medium-sized and smaller vessels. Until a method is discovered of laying rails and ties on the bounding ocean wave, there will always be need for a great number of boats in this archipelago. The more railroads we build, and the more those railroads develop the latent resources of the different islands, the greater will be the need for boats, large and small, to carry the goods between the islands and even to the neighboring countries of the Orient. For these reasons the establishment of the shipbuilding industry in the Philippines offers one of the best inducements to capital which we will have for some time to come. * * * Some years ago, the Filipino labor was considered a practical nullity. But things have greatly changed since then, and to-day there is unimpeachable testimony to the effect that the native labor is reliable, obedient, and economical, and obtainable in abundance by those who understand the Filipino and treat him well. So much for the general run of the labor for a shipbuilding plant. Now as to the "skilled" labor, the experienced artisans necessary to supervise all and actually do certain parts of the work, why, they either are here or they are not. If they are here in sufficient quantities, the problem is solved; if they are not, American shipwrights may be brought here, or those of any other nationality except Chinese. Where, then, is the difficulty about establishing a modern shipbuilding plant and( dry dock, or marine railway, or even two or three of them, in these islands? Another great opportunity here is in the lumber business. This industry is already past the starting stage, and within a few years lumber will be one of the principal products of these islands. Every possible effort should lie made by both the government and private persons to foster and encourage the use of native woods. At present the Philippines are importing quite a large amount of foreign timber. This should stop; with very few exceptions, wood for all classes of industries and constructions can be obtained within the limits of this archipelago. As for furniture, there should not be a piece of imported wooden furniture in the islands, except as a curiosity. And this latter is a condition which will actually exist as soon as the development of the lumber business here brings down the prices of native woods, as it inevitably will. * * * The most striking fact which is revealed by a study of the trade statistics of these islands during recent years is the number and amount of imported articles which should be produced here, thus retaining in the Philippines the large sums of money which are expended to pay for such products. With regard to rice, which 22 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. was the most prominent example of the above-mentioned condition, the situation has greatly changed in the past two years, and while considerable amounts are still imported, the decrease, due to local production, has been so great as to give cause for much satisfaction from an economlic standpoint. There are numerous other lines, however, in which great improvement could be made, and it may not be improper at this particular time, when the islands are suffering from commerciall depression, stagnation of trade, and scarcity of money, to dwell on the fact that no inconsiderable amount of rmoney is yearly lost to the people here through its being spent in foreign. countries for articles which can and should be produced in the Philippines. Indeed, the production of these articles here would have thrown the balance of trade decidedly in favor of these islands instead of the figures being practically at a parity, as is the case at present. It is a well-known fact that the pineapple produced in the Philippine Islands in its wild state (for no cultivation whatever has been given to this fruit) compares very favorably with the world-famous pineapples of the Straits Settlements, for which Singapore has become a permanent shipping point. The comparison does not hold good in size for the very patent reason that no attempt has been made in the Philippines to improve the fruit by cultivation. In many parts of the islands pineapples mature and are wasted, no effort being made to market them. The possibilities in this particular line are evident, and this popular fruit might easily become a source of wealth to the islands with the expenditure of a small amount of capital, coupled with intelligent labor. Nature will attend to replenishing the stock from year to year, and all that the grower would have to do would be to apply improved methods to its cultivation and take steps properly to safeguard and dispose of the fruit at maturity. Pineapples stand shipment very well, inasmuch as they can be transported before entirely ripe. The demand for this fruit in the United States is enormous, and it is understood that the supply at the present time is received largely from the Hawaiian Islands. The possibilities of a source of wealth from this one product would be enhanced many fold by the introduction of canning plants here, as has been done in the Straits Settlements. The money spent annually in these islands for meat goes to foreign countries, although there lies in the northern part of Luzon an expanse of grazing lands which would support unlimited cattle and produce beef for all local consumption. This is not a mere theory, for it is a fact that in former years cattle were produced in sufficient quantities to meet the domestic demands, and the importation of cattle on the hoof was neither necessary nor profitable. Statistics show that during the last fiscal year cattle were imported to the value of $828,206. Millions of dollars are spent in the Philippines each year by the Army, the Navy, the insular government, and private individuals for lumber, imported extensively from the United States. While it is well that a market has been found in these islands for United States lumber, yet a large percentage of this commodity should, by all the laws of political economy, be obtained for local consumnption in these islands, which, with their virgin forests of timber, admitted on all sides to possess lasting qualities and a durability not found in the timber of other sections of the world, await the woodman's ax. It may come as a source of surprise to most people to learn that last year there were imported into these islands eggs valued at $265,512 gold, notwithstanding the fact that the successful raising of poultry is as easy of accomplishment here as in any other part of the world. The imported eggs come entirely from the Chinese Empire. Large sums are also expended annually by the people of these islands for foreign-grown vegetables, such as potatoes, cabbages, onions, and tomatoes, in their natural state, no reference being intended to the canned articles which the climatic conditions of the islands make it necessary to import. All the vegetables mentioned in the foregoing list have been and can be produced in the Philippine Islands, and this fact alone makes it a, regrettable commentary on economic conditions that enormous sums are each year spent abroad by an impoverished people for such articles. The investment of outside capital is not required to raise all the indigenous fruits, vegetables, and poultry needed for home consumption. Nature would respond with bounteous returns if aided by a little enterprise and proper endeavor. The past year has seen the completion and successful operation of a cocoanut-oil manufactory established by New York capital in the outlying district of Pandacan, adjacent to Manila. At this place the raw copra is successfully converted into various kinds of cocoanut oil and by-products of the cocoanut. These manufactures find a ready market here and in the neighboring countries, where the demand is constant and on the increase. What has been done with the cocoanut should be attempted in other lines, and thus keep here the large sums which are paid annually for labor, profit, and other items incident to the manufacture of articles which should be produced in the Philippine Islands, but are at the present time obtained for its inhabitants only through the medium of importlatlion. Th1l- Philippine Isla.nds, although prodlucing what was admitted to l,, the fillest hemp ini the world, of grades for which there is demand from all quarters of the world, vet do not manufacture from this valuable raw product the rope. twine, and other articles daily needed in almostf every line of trade. The establishment of ropemaking plants, when, rope and binding cord could be manufactured would not. invol\e a very great outlay of capital, and if such an enterprise were started it would aid very materially in keeping at home an important item of the country's wealth and yearly income which goes abroad for those very necessary articles. The remarks made above with reference to hemp apply equally well to sugar. Fortunately, however, there is a sugar refinery in operation at Malabon, which converts a large quantity of the raw material into refined sugar for local consumption. The marked decline in value of sugar inports into these islands for the last fiscal year over the corresponding period preceding (the figures being $93,638 and $159,741, respectively) attests the success of the enterprise and should mark out a clear path to others with capital to invest in local industries. Sugar is exported from the Philippines at a value of 2 cents per pound, and in its changed condition this same r necessity is imported at double that price, exclusive of duty, freight, commissions, and other incidental expenses. In other words, the inhabitants of the Philippine Islands give almost 3 pounds of one of their chief products for 1 pound of the identical staple in a refined' form. * * * The cement-making industry offers an inviting field for some enterprising investor in the Philippines. There is a well-defined formation of limestone (the greater part of which is suitable for cement) underlying all the principal islands of this archipelago. This limestone has been thoroughly investigated with a view to ascertaining its cement-making qualities, at Binangonan (Laguna de Bay), and to a certain extent in the island of Romblon. At both places a very excellent quality of material was found, and fortunately the beds are well located with regard to transportation facilities. It is believed that still more favorable locations may be found, or possibly a better stone be discovered, if a careful search I were made. * * * In conclusion, it may be said that the agricultural and the industrial development of the Philippines await but reasonable efforts on the part of those interested in either branch, and the returns to be obtained from labor or capital expended here are quite as great as in any of the other undeveloped countries of the world. OFFICIAL VIEWS OF COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL AND FINANCIAL CONDITIONS JN 90o6. The 1906 report of the Philippine Commission contains the following on conditions in the Philippine Islands: INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS. Reference has been made in several former reports to the great depression in agricultural interests which lie at the foundation of everything in the Philippine Islands, a depression resulting mainly from the terribly destructive ravages of rinderpest and surra, which had destroyed the cattle and horses to such an extent as to render agricultural industry almost impossible and to paralyze lumbering operations and every industry requiring draft animals, either for the purpose of transportation or cultivation. Locusts had also contributed to the general devastation, and war and asiatic cholera had been ruinous not only to industry but to all the agencies of industry. The return of prosperity after such a series of deterring and destructive features must necessarily be slow. The last year, however, has shown greater progress in this direction than any former one since the establishment of civil government, although many discouraging features still exist. Better conditions of order have made possible cultivation of lands in regions before unsafe and dangerous. The health authorities have been very largely able to cope with rinderpest and to stay its ravages, so that by the processes of nature the number of animals has considerably increased. Aside from hemp, tobacco, and sugar, crops are in a more prosperous condition than in any former year under American administration. The hemp industry has suffered a marked diminution, mainly the result of a severe typhoon occurring on September 26, 1905, which swept through the hemp regions and blew down and overturned the plants. The reduction in the production of tobacco is due in part to droughts, in part to the low price of the product, and in part to discouragement because of the failure to secure relief from the heavy and prohibitory duties charged on this product on admission into the United States. But there has been a great amount of new planting of certain prod THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 23 ncts in ground before lying fallow. Enormous numbers of new plants of hemp, or abaca, and maguey (a most useful fiber plant), and of cocoanuts have been set out. There has been a large increase in the area planted to rice, and the production of that cereal, vital to the islands as a food element, has been great. In some of the provinces many miles of new roads have been constructed out of provincial and municipal funds, and important areas lhave been opened up to cultivation by the new means of transportation thus afforded. The reports of the provincial governors for the fiscal year are in marked contrast with those for prior years in reference to agricultural conditions. They nearly all present a more hopeful aspect than before and indicate a gradual return of prosperity. Statistics of the production of different crops are not available, but the importation of rice affords to a considerable degree a measure of the present producing capacity of the islands of this important cereal. Rice was imported, for the fiscal year 1904, to the value of P23,097,628; in 1905, P14,913,476, and in 1906, rP8,743,464.1 The results are, therefore, that in the fiscal year 1906, Pi14,354,164 less went out of the islands to pay for imported rice than was the case two years before. Possibly some portion of this reduction arose from the decreased purchasing power of the people, particularly in the hemp provinces, for the last year where the typhoon destroyed so large a portion of the hemp crop, and thereby made less money available for the purchase of rice in those regions; but it is believed that the greater part of the reduction in the imports of rice came from the increased domestic production. If the same ratio of decreased importation I continues for two or three years more, the islands ought to be selfsustaining in this particular article of food consumption. Another indication of returning prosperity may be found in the fact that the total value of exports during the year exceeded that of imports by iP12,239,056, not including currency, which is nearly 1P8,000,000 more than the record for any previous year since American occupancy. Had it not been for the destructive typhoon which materially diminished the exportation of hemp the showing would have been probably T-4,000,000 more favorable. The total customs receipts for the year were, however, 8" per cent less thian for the immediately preceding fiscal year, this reduction arising from diminished importations of opium, rice, and materials for streetrailway equipment, and the diminlished collection of export duties on hemp arising from the destruction of the hemp plants by the typhoon. Another contributing element was the reduction l)y legislation in license fees for vessels and the abolition of clearance charges for interisland service, action which, however, is believed to be in the interest of the commercial prosperity of the islands. Another indication of prosperity is the increased purchases of improved agricultural machinery, which not merely indicates improvement in purchasing power on the part of the people, but also furnishes the material for constantly enlarged production. Another encouraging feature is the fact, hereinafter referred to, that between ten and twenty million dollars of United States money will doubtless be expended, largely within the islands, during the | next two or three years in the construction of railroads, which will not'only furnish immediate employment to a large number of people and cause a great distribution of funds in that way, but; will also furnish an increased local market for many of the products of the islands. On the whole, we believe the industrial outlook to contain moore encouraging features than at any former period since American occupation. CURRENCY. As was stated in'our last report, the new Philippine currency has become the money of the islands, aided to a minor extent by United States money, and the old fluctuating Mexican, Spanish-Filipino, Chinese, and other foreign coins previously circulating here have| already been eliminated. The silver certificates authorizel by act (If Congress have been found to be of the greatest convenience in co(minercial transactions. At the end of the fiscal year 1905 the amnount of such certificates in circulation was P110,450.000, while there were in circulation at the end of the fiscal year 1906, P14,410,000. Under the law as it existed at the time of our last report, silver certificates could not be issued in greater denomininations than P10 each., equivalent to $5 United States money. This limitation involved great inconvenience in handling large sums of money. Legislation by Congress during the year authorizing the issue of such certificates of T20, P150, Pl100, and P500 denominations has furnished a greatly needed relief. Banks especially make use of the larger denominations for holding their reserves, by reason of the greater ease in counting and less space occupied. The steady appreciation in the market value of silver has had a serious effect upon the stability of our new currency. The price of iValue of peso in United States currency, 50 cents. 19256-07 —7 silver at this writing is such that it would cost nearly PiL. 11 to purchase silver enough to make a peso laid down in Manila, including interest, mintage charges, packing, transportation, etc. The bullion value of a peso is materially in excess of its face value, and there would be a very tangible profit in melting down or exporting our silver coins for bullion purposes. As a temporary expedient until necessary legislation could be obtained froin Congress, and not as a scientific method of dealing with the problem, the Commission prohibited the exportation of Philippine coinm; or bullion obtained from melting the same. So far as is known, no Philippine coins or bullion made therefrom have been exported since the passage of the act referred to. Meanwhile Congress has come to our relief by authorizing the recoinage of the existing coins and the purchase of additional bullion for coinage on a basis of not less than 0. 700 parts of fine silver in 1,000, as against the existing coinage, which contains 0.900 parts, and by authorizing the placing of gold coins of the United States in reserve for the payment of silver certificates thereafter issued, instead of requiring payment in silver coins, at the option of the government. Under the authority of this act of Congress, $750,000 United States gold coin have been placed in the reserve vault for the redemption of silver certificates, in lieu of 1,500,000 silver pesos. This transaction released that number of silver pesos for circulation and thereby increased the money available for current use to that extent. Additional coinage, however, is deemed expedient to supply the present and. growing needs of the islands, particularly in view of the large amount of money that will be re(quired during the period of the construction of railroads. The rise of silver has been so great, by reason of the renewed purchase of silver bullion by the United States Government for coinage purposes and for other causes, and the continuance of the high price is so probable, that it now appears that the new coinage ought to be upon a basis of 0.700 parts of fine silver instead of any higher proportion. The new coins would circulate side by side with the old ones, just as the Spanish-Filipino pesos circulated side by side with the Mexican, although having about 12 per cent less intrinsic value. Under such a proportion, the new coins would still have a larger relative intrinsic value at the present price of silver than did the existing ones at the time of their coinage. The new coinage act will require, in accordance with the act of Congress, the approval of the President of the United States before becoming effective. It is believed, however, that very early action is advisable, substantially along the linms here outlined. It should be remarked that, aside from a limited amount of United States money, the only paper money in circulation in the islands consists of the silver certificates above stated, together with about P1,500,000 notes of the Spanish-Filipino Bank. As was stated in our last report, the certificates of indebtedness issued to obtain funds for the purpose of maintaining a stable goldreserve fund have been gradually reduced in amount. The $3,000,000 of certificates maturing May 1, 1905, and $3,000,000 maturing September 1, 1905, were paid in full, and only $1,500,000 were issued in their place, making a reduction of $4,500,000 during the period covered by our last report. The last set of certificates, to the value of $1,500,000, matured September 1, 1906, and were retired at maturity and a new series issued to run one year to the amount of $1,000,000, the amount derived therefrom being ample to meet all requirements for maintaining the parity of the gold standard when added to the gold-standard fund already accrued. Should a new coinage of all the existing Philippine coins be made on the basis above indicated, several million pesos more resulting from the se(ignorage on the new coinage could be added to the gold reserve, constituting an ample fund for that purpose, so that the outstanding series of certificates of indebtedness would be retired and probably none need thereafter be issued. Incidentally, attention is invited to the fact that the several series of certificates, although running for but one year, have been sold at such premiums that the rate olef interest thereon has been in the vicinity of 2 per cent only upon the whole, and that the proceeds lhave been kept on deposit in banks in New York, where such rates of interest have been received that the sales of the certificates have ibeen a source of profit to the insular government, and it has thus had its gold-standard fund kept strong and safe, not only without cost but with a direct profit to the insular treasury. FINANCIAL CONDITION. The insular finances are in much better condition than they have bee(n for several years. During the fiscal year 1905 there was an excess of expenditures over net income receipts of P1,398,723.92. At the close of the fiscal year 1906( there had been for the year an excess of receipts over net lisbursements amounting to P3,180,647.43. This favorable result is due in part to greater economy in expenditures, in part to increased collections by the bureau of internal revenue, more than sufficient to counteract the decrease in customs receipts, and in part 24 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. to the construction of public works out of the proceeds of bond issues authorized by Congress, instead of from current receipts as before. The condition of the general treasury at the close of the fiscal years 1901 to 1906, inclusive, is shown by the following tabulation, each total showing the amount available for appropriation, or deficit, at the end of the year: 1901 -—...-... P7, 800, 000. 00 1904 (a deficit of). P540, 599 52 1902........... 8, 000, 000.00 1905 (available). 585, 021. 36 1903.......... 4,346,000.00 1906...-...-.... 2,572,268.38 Without the internal-revenue law, however, the government would have been unable to meet its obligations. The favorable statement for the last two years shows that the government is now upon a sound basis financially, and that the resumption of appropriations from current funds for permanent public works is now practicable. It is deemed undesirable to exhaust the whole.borrowing power of the government as given by Congress for the construction of public improvements, but there should be somne reserve left in the authority referred to to meet special contingencies. With persistent economy in the expenses of administration a considerable sum can be provided each year from current revernues for the construction of important works of a lsting character and essential to the prosperity of the islands. It is believed from the best forecast that can be made that the operations of the fiscal year 1907 will show a surplus of approximately 1P3,000,000 of net receipts ab)ove net expenditures, aside from the surplus accumulated at the end of the fiscal year 1906. Assuming that a reasonable surplus should at all times be maintained to meet contingencies, it is still apparent that the government will be able from current revenues during the ensuing year not merely to provide for an adequate surplus but also to resume the' construction of most needed public works fromi current revenues. BONDED INDEBTEDNESS. The bonded indebtedness of the insular governuient, aside from 12,000,000 of certificates of in(lebtedness relating to the goldstandard fund, reference to which has hereinbefore been inade, consists of the friar land purchase bonds, below referred to, and of two series of public improvement 4 per cent bonds, P5,000,000 of which bonds had been sold prior to our last report. The secon(dl series of P2,000,000 was sold in February, 1906, on which a premium of P167,494 was received. These bonds run thirty years, but may be paid at the expiration of ten. It is assumed that they will be paid partly by a sinking fund and partly by the issue of a new stries at the expiration of ten years, from which it will be observed, figuring them as ten-year bonds, that they were sold on most favorable terms. In addition to the bonds last above mentioned, the insil iar government has issued, for the purchase of the "friar" lands, bonds to the amount of P:1.4,000,000. These bonds are likewise. payable in thirty years, redeemable in ten, and bear 4 per cent interrest. The insular government has no other bonded indebtedness. A G RICULTUIRAL BAN KS. In our last report was set forth the extreme need of capital to aid agriculturists in developing their properties, aind recoinniendations were made that authority be asked of Congress for the estatlishmient of an agricultural bank by act of the Comnmission, the capital for which should be furnished by private parties, and the principal of which should be guaranteed by the government of the Philippine Islands, with interest at the rate of 4 per (ent, per annunm, with a limit which the govertmnent o, the Phlliippine Islands couldl be called upon to pay in any one year, not to exceed $200.000. This recomnientlation was nade largely upon the basis of the successful working of the Egyptian Agricultural Bank under circuinstances quite similar to those which exist in the islands, as was set forth in our last report. This recomntendation is rten(ewl. It is understood( that a bill was introduced in the last C(ongress for the acconmplishmintr of the results sought; but, owing to press of (other business, or for other r1easons. was not; emnacted. In the bill introdulced ill Congress it appcars that the limit which the government of the Philippine Islands Umigllt be' called upon to pay in any one yeaar was fixed at $500,000 instead of $200,000. The increased prosperity >f the islands resultilng from( the establishment of slth a bank would lmndoubtedlv be such that the government could well afford to assiune a conttingent and( possible liability to the amtount of.$50.0000 per year, anld or forimlr recommlendations are modifiedl to that extent. The Filipino people have been greatIv interested in this lmrpositioni. It is tbelitved that no single step can be taken that could give greater satisfaction to) 11t general mass of the people than the successful inauguration and carrying on of such a bank. It would not only be a great element of aid in the prosperity of the islands, but likewise to the peace and contentment of the people. RAILROADS. The need of additional modes of transportation in the islands has from the beginning been realized as most urgent, and their existence as necessary to any large progress. The death of so large a proportion of the draft animals emphasized this fact. It was useless for the agriculturist to bestow his labor on the production of commodities beyond those necessary for the bare utilities of life, when there was no means of transporting them to other parts of the islands where there was a market, or to the great markets of the world. It probably is not true that railroads would immediately develop the sparsely inhabited portions of the islands in the same way that has so often occurred in the United States, because the Filipino is not inclined to migrate; but it is true that many of the well-settled portions of the islands produce but a very small fraction of what nature intended and of what would so largely and directly add to their means of support and prosperity. This need has been realized by all who have studied the Philippine problems, by natives as well as foreigners. Much difficulty, however, has been experienced in inducing American capital to enter the islands for this purpose. On June 12, 1905, proposals for bids for the construction of railways for eleven routes, aggregating 1,113 miles, in the islands of Luzon, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Leyte, and Samar, were advertised in Washington and Manila. The bids were opened in Washington on December 20, 1905, and were three in number-one for all the lines called for in the island of Luzon, one for the lines in the provinces of Albay and Ambos Camarines in Luzon, and one for lines in three of the Visayan islands-Panay, Negros, and Cebu. - None of the bids complied strictly with the termis of the proposals, and it was deemned necessary to reject them all and readvertise, the new advertisements being in some respects modified to meet the reasonable requests of one or more of the bidders. On January 20, 1906, the new bids were opened, when it was found that there were but two bidders, Messrs. Speyer & Co. for the lines in Luzon, and the Visayan Syndicate for the lines in Negros, Panay, and Cebu-a syndicate composed of Messrs. William Salomon & Co., Cornelius Vanderbilt, and J. G. White & Co., of New York, and Charles M. Swift, of Detroit, with whom were associated the International Banking Corporation, H:. R. Wilson, and Heidelbach & Co., of New York. The last-named bid being within the termis of the proposal, was accepted and a concession awarded to the syndicate.. On May 28, 1906, after the formi of the concession had been agreed upon between a representative of the syndicate and the Secretary of War, an act was passed by the Commission authorizing the governor-general to execute the concessions, which was done on July 10, 1906. The syndicate transferred their concession to a company called the Philippine Railway Company, organized under the laws of the State of Connecticut. The agreement for the conlcession has been accepted by the railway company and the governo(r-general has notified them that surveys must begin forthwith. The salient points of the concession are1. An agreenment to build. 295 miles of railroads in the islands of Panay, Negros, and Cebu on routes specified. 2. A guaranty by the government of 4 per cent on the firstmiortgage- bonds issued for the construction of the railroads, none of which could be sold below par, the proceeds all to be expended for the construction and equipment of the roads; the sums, if any, paid by the governmient in pursuance of its guaranty to constitute a lien upon the railroad andl its equipument, the guaranty to cease at the end of thirty years. 3. The concession is perpetual. 4. Taxation is fixed at one-half of I per cent tof the gross earnings for thirty years and 14 per cent for fifty years. After that period the rate of taxation is to be fixed by the government. 5. lThe' copany is given six imonths in which to complete its plans and surveys and twelve months in which to complete the lirst 100 miles of the route after same have been approved, and 100 muil'es to be comnplfted heach year thereafter. 6. Provisimom is iumade for the entry of the material necessary for the conistruction andt equiLpment of the road free of duty. 7. Th'Fi privilege is given of using rights of way 100 feet wide in thile public doimain, excepting such parts as have been heretofore leased or set aside for public purposes. 8. The gatige is to be 3) feet 6i inches and the quality of the const rumet ii tto be up to first-gradle modern standards. No bids were received for Leyte and Samnar, owing probably to the disturbed conditions existing in those provinces, which have gre(at natural resources and will undoubtedly be inmviting fields for inyvestors whein conditions becomle normal. The Speyer syndicate presented two bids for lines in Luzonone for a line from Daaupan, the northern terminus of the existing iManila and Dagupan Railway, to Laoag, Iocos Norte, a distance of 168 miles, for which the full amount of the guaranty was asked for a period of thirty years; the second for lines aggregating 390 niles, which were to run from Manila south and southeast and THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 25 through the provinces of Batangas and Tayabas, and likewise lines in the southern peninsula through the provinces of Amnbos Camarines and Albay, and branch lines from these roads andt from the Manila and Dagupan Railway, now existing, the control of which had been secured l)y the Speyers previous to bidding. The proposition made by the Speyers contained sonme objectionable features which the government did not feel justified in granting, such as: That portions of the lines called b)ranches were to be so awarded as only to be optional with the conipany to build, instead of being compulsory; that no definite time was stated for the coinpletion of the surveys or the construction of the railroads; that taxation was to be continued permanently at the low rate of 1 2 per cent of the gross earnings; that the rates for government freight and officials were to be established permanently at the present high figures of the Manila and Dagupan Railway, and that the power of the government to grant franchises to coimpeting lines was to be limited. After some months of negotiations these points were satisfactorily adjusted, and the terms of the adjustient agreed upon. put into the form of a legislative concession, and acceptance of the concession by the syndicate and a tdeposit of the securities provided for in the advertisements made. As finally agreed upon, the company is1. To build 428 miles of railroads throughout the island of Luzon. 2. No guaranty is granted on any of this construction. 3. The initial rates are to be based upon those niow enjoyed by the Manila and Dagupan Railway and the governmient has the power to regulate them at any time. 4. The existing Manila and Dagupan Railway and all of its branches withdraws any claims which it has or may have against the municipal, provincial, or insular governments, or the Government of the United States, by reason of injury to or destruction of the railroad during the insurrection, and comes under the new charter on exactly the same basis as the new lines. 5. The concession is a perpetual one and the government is free to grant franchises for competing lines at any time. 6. Taxation is fixed at the rate of one-half of 1 per cent of the gross earnings for thirty years, 1 per cent for fifty years, and thereafter to be fixed by the government. 7. The company is given twelve months in which to complete its surveys and thereafter two years in which to complete its first 150 miles, and is to complete 75 miles each year thereafter. 8. The right of entry of material for the construction and equipment of the railroads is given free of duty. 9. The privilege is given of using rights of way 100 feet wide through the public domain, excepting such parts as have ibeen set aside for public uses and such improved lands as may be taken from the so-called "friar lands," for which payment must 1)e made. While the road contracted for does not reach Laoag, at the north end of the islands, it extends 35 miles north of Dagupan to San Fernando, La Union, and will undoubtedly be eventually extended to Laoag, thus forming practically a north and south line from the north end of the island down to the mountains of Tayabas. The concession was transferred by Speyer & Co. to the Manila Railroad Company, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of New Jersey. It will thus be) seen that the final steps have now been taken for the construction of between 700 and 800 miles of new railroad lines, which will open tip much of the most populous portions of the whole archipelago and bring vast producing areas into direct copnection with water transportation at the various ports. The terms seclure(l are, on the whole, favorable to the public, and are the most favoralble that could be obtained after protracted advertising and individual effort to induce capital to come to the islands. The burden of the guaranty assumed will be entirely within the possibilities of the insular treasury, and will be far more than compensated for by the increased development and producing power of all the regions reached by the new lines. BENGU TET ROAD. The concession of the Manila Railroad Company requires it to extend its railroad, among other directions, northeasterly to Camp One, in the gorge of the Bued River, where the Bienguet road proper begins, and climbs up through the gorge to Baguio, the capital of the province of Benguet, at an elevation of 5,000 feet. The railroad will probably be completed during the coming year. The Be-gnet road proper has been completed at a very large expense, and was extensively used during the past heated season. Very large numbers of people during the past nmonths of March, April, and May, and a portion of June, escaped the heat of Manila and the lowlands by going to the mountain resort of Baguio, where comfortable hotel facilities are furnished and a sanitarium is maintained, and a con siderable number of people have built cottages. The road received a most thorough trial by two unseasonable typhoons which swept over Luzon in the month of May last, accompanied by a rainfall of 54 inches at Baguio during the month. As a result of this terrific deluge the road was closed only four (lays, and the slides that were brought down were rapidly cleared away by gangs of Igorot workmen, and the roadbed experienced very little damage. During the year the township of Baguio has been surveyed, residence and business lots staked off, and all of those that have been offered for sale have found ready purchasers. A site has been laid off for the governor-general's residence, and plans have been drawn for its erection during the coming year. Sites for churches, schoolhouses, residence for the archbishop of Manila, weather bureau observatory and country club have been marked off and sold to different organizations, and! the early construction of buildings will ensue. Sites for the (construction of constabulary barracks and school, a hospital, and cottages for empi)loyees have been laid aside, and their construction is also in contemplation. The temperature at Baguio is nearly 20 degrees lower on an average than that at Manila, and this, in the Tropics, means a great opportunity for recuperation and renewal of strength without the excessive cost and length of time involved in a trip to colder countries. The military authorities have had a large tract of line land at; Baguio reserved for their use, and it is expected that a large post will be there established, a beginning having been already made by the construction of temporary barracks and residences for the commanding g(eneral and other officers. No doubt is enltertained that the expenditure incurred in building this road will bh eventually fully justified. BIaguio will perform the saume functions as a suunmmer capital in the Philippines that Simnla does in India. INTMR1IS AN 1) SHIPPING. F14reight aind passenger traffic and the carrying of mails from island to island lave been in the hands of coinmmnercial shipping lines and of the bureau of navigat io, heretofore known as the bureau of coast guard and transportation, t ih latter consistinig of'a considerable number of steamers ownedl and omeralted by the insular government. The cominlercial service hlas been. bad, and the system of government operation has been expensive, although indispensable, and has lik ewise t(ended to take from the commercial lines a large amount of trafflic which naturally hbelonged to them and to make their enterprises less profitable. In the interest of commerce and of the develop)lment of the shipping of the islands, and( particularly of improving tlie elhracier of the service to be rendered, as well as, it is hoped, in the interest of econoiny, for the governmenlt, advertisements were publisheod o ffering to make five-ryear contracts with commercial lines for go vern ment services, mails, passengers, and freight, on condlition that the shipownters should bring their vessels up to modern standar(ls of comlfort and hygiene, and should so maintain thein under governmentm supervision, wxithl penalties for failure to comply with the specifications. Bids were opened on March 1, 1906, and after considerable negotiation and an extension of the time for bidding to ilmeet thie needs of some of the large coimpanies which had not made tenders, contracts were finally closed with four companies which hatd been operating steamers in the interisland trade for service on eleven roumtes, with annual subsidies amounting to P219,357.80. The contracts, which extend over a five-year period, providing the conditions are all comp)lied with, require that tme mails shall be carriel fre(; that the ships shall he immnediiately put in such condition as to mteeti rigid requirements in standartds of safety and sanitation; that they shall start at regular times, on a regular schedule, and w1ake ceralain stops every trip, untder penalty of fines imposed for (each (oft(ense, the whole service to be under the direct supervision of the secretary of comnmerce and police, through a llbureau chief. Tlhe contracts provide definitely thle rates that are to be charged on each route for t he tnransportation of freight and passengers, the same rates being available in all cases for the government and for private shippers, including the military authorities. One of the vessels belonging to the insular government has, by reason of the contracts aforesaitd,l een leased to the military authorities. and four others have been laid up on Engineer Island, reducing the expenses to the government about P50,000 per year each, or PT250,000 in all, the sum thus saved, therefore, being greater than the total amount of the subsidies to be paid under the contracts. Thlie prices fixed for transportation are estimated to produce an average reduction of about 20 per cent on all classes of service on the routes below that now charged for like service. This last fact is believed to be an important one in its relation to the development of the commerce of the islands. MANILA HARBOR. Ttie tcontracts for dredging the Manila Harbor and the extension of the east breakwater have been substantially completed. The aggregate of all expenditures for this work has been 1P7,604,000 and for the improvement of navigation on the Pasig River 26 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. P1,361,000, making a total for the port of Manila and the Pasig River of r18,966,000. The harbor is considered now a safe one during typhoons or other storms, and it is probably the best in the Orient. Contracts have already been awarded for the construction of two new large steel and concrete wharves, one 600 by 70 feet and the other 650 by 110 feet. These wharves will have sheds to cover them, and when completed should, together with the new harbor, have a very marked effect on the carrying trade of the islands. All harbor dues at ports in the Philippine Islands have recently, by authority of Congress, been abolished by the Commission, so that Manila is now, having neither tonnage, harbor, or light dues, the only absolutely free port of the Orient. A harbor made safe and free from all charges, with magnificent wharves upon which freight can be loaded and unloaded with the utmost facility upon and from steamers lying at their sides, constitute such improvements and facilities that Manila may well expect a material and permanent increase in the shipping that shall visit these shores. Extensive improvements, involving nearly T2,000,000, are also under way in the harbors of Iloilo and Cebu. POSTAL SAVINGS BANK. On May 24, 1906, an act was passed creating in the bureau of posts a division of postal savings banks and authorizing the establishment of the same througnout the archipelago. It is believed that this will meet a much-needed requirement, and is one of the most important pieces of new legislation enacted. The Filipinos have little opportunity to make investments of their savings or to make them secure in any manner, least of all in a manner to yield any income. Such a condition discourages thrift. Practically the only means of saving heretofore in the provinces was by burying mioney in the ground. The money thus concealed was liable to be lost, and if it were kept about the.house it was a temptation to robbers, and in any event was idle and unremunerative. Money deposited in the postal savings bank will all be invested in the island(s in the most conservative and safe securities. Americans and a few Filipinos have made use of postal money orders, payable to themselves, as a means of safeguarding their earnings for a time. Such an investment of course draws no interest, and it is estimated that there is now a million pesos held in this form. The money so held can not be used by the government for the purpose of reinvestment, and is therefore entirely stagnant in the comnmunity. The postal savings bank will tend gradually to win the Filipino from his love of gambling and of putting his money on the hazard of the cockpit, induce him to save his little funds, and enable him to buy a homestead or agricultural machinery, or to enlarge his existing possessions. TARIFF. There has been great and bitter disappointment throughout the Philippine Islands at the failure of Congress at its last session to furnish relief from the excessive duties now imposed by the Dingley tariff upon imports of sugar and tobacco products from the Philippine Islands into the United States. The people had strong expectations that relief in this direction would be afforded them. This was the principal ray of hope which came to them in the midst of their losses from rinderpest, locusts, droughts, and low prices for their products. The news that the House of Representatives had, by nearly three-fourths majority, passed a bill to afford the desired relief filled them with great hopes, to be followed only by despair when the Senate refused to take action at all. Believing, as the people do, that they are being treated with great injustice in this respect by the Congress of the United States, not only discouragement but disaffection results. They feel that the islands are being exploited for the benefit of interests in the United States by coinpelling the insular treasury to refund export duties which it collects upon products imported into the United States and there consumed, a refund which goes solely for the benefit of manufacturers of cordage and other users of hemp in the United States; by the passage of laws, although delayed in their operations, compelling all commerce between the United States and the islands tobe carried on in American bottoms, which will undoubtedly greatly enhance the cost of transportation by the granting of a monopoly; by changes in the cotton schedule of the Philippine tariff such as to increase the price of cotton goods in the islands for the benefit of mnanufacturers of cotton goods in the United States, changes which were made discriminative in such way as to exclude foreign manufacturers and thereby enable American manufacturers to fix their own prices free from English and German competition, and by the imposition of such heavy duties upon sugar and tobacco products imported into the United States as to constitute a total pro hibitionr and to close to the Filipinos the markets of a c(ountry which they are asked to consider their own, the favorable Spanish markets before available having been closed to them. Arguments upon this subject have been so often submitted by the Commission that it is useless to repeat them in detail. The Filipino asks for justice and fair treatment, and nothing is more apparent to the unprejudiced investigator than that such justice and fair treatment require a reduction of the Dingley tariff upon sugar and tobacco at least to 25 per cent of its present rate upon those commodities imported from the Philippine Islands into the States, which can be made without the slightest impairment of the interests in the United States which have heretofore combined to prevent the act of justice sought. The United States now takes one-fourth of 1 per cent of the cigars exported from the Philippine Islands. If it took all that are exported it would add a little over 1 per cent of the total number of cigars now being manufactured and consumed in the States. From the last annual report made by the United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue to the Secretary of the Treasury it appears that there is a fairly regular annual increase of over 2 per cent in the number of cigars consumed in the United States. During the fiscal year 1904 there were 7,354,788,520 cigars manufactured in that country, and in the fiscal year 1905 there was an increase of 225,466,540 cigars manufactured and consumed. In the fiscal year 1906, 94,341,542 cigars nmanufactured in the Philippine Islands were exported to all countries, more than 60 per cent of them to China; but if all had been exported exclusively to the United States they would only supply the natural increase in the cigar consumption there for about five months, after which the entire present Filipino cigar exporting trade, having been assimilated in the American market, the American manufacturer would continue with all of his old trade plus 2 per cent increase from year to year. But if there were an absolutely free admission of the Filipinomade cigars into the United States only a comparatively small portion of those( produced would seek the American market. Manufacturers would not be willing to abandon their present markets nor to send all their cigars to the United States. A greater portion of the cigars produced here are of a very inferior quality or grade and are sold in China, and would not find purchasers at all if sent to the United States. Even of the better class of cigars produced in tie islands many of them would continue to go to Europe, Africa, and other regions where they have heretofore been sold, and from whence goods are imported into the islands. Comparatively few people in the United States have acquired a taste for Philippine cigars, and the demand for them would be only gradual. The area of lands suitable for raising good tobacco in the islands with any satisfactory means of transportation is very limited. It will be nmany years before, under the most favorable circumstances and alluring hopes of lucrative trade, tobacco planters could possibly increase the yield of their present holdings or increase their present holdings so as to supply sufficient leaf for the manufacture of a greater percentage of cigars than are being manufactured here to-day. The supply of tobacco leaf is at present inadequate to meet the demands of the local manufacturers to make cigars for domnestic consumption, and most of the leaf is totally unsuited for making cigars for export to the United States and to European markets. The American cigar market would not be appreciably affected by the advent therein of the Philippine cigars, and it would almost immmediately become a negligible factor in the cigar problem of that country. But a reduction of the Dingley tariff upon cigars would produce an immense moral encouragement to producers in the islands and a feeling of fair treatment and cause an elimination of the present feeling of injustice and resentment. It would also open up a market for a portion of the better cigars made here at remunerative prices, and would stimulate and encourage the improvement in the quality of the leaf tobacco. TIhe export of sugar from the Philippine Islands has during the past year been greatly reduced. The droughts that have prej vailed in the sugar-producing regions of the islands during the past year and the failure to open the markets of the United States so i that reasonable prices might be realized have discouraged the sugar planters to the last degree. The Commission, with the utmost earnestness, renews its recoin| endation that Congress be asked to amend the Dingley tariff in such way as to provide free entry into the United States of products of the Philippine Islands or at least to reduce the duties on those articles to 25 per cent of the present rate. %AMFRIf(AN CAPITAL IN TtE ISLANDS. It is familiar to all who know anything of conditions in the islands that there is, and long has been, a tremendous lack of capital to (level()p the latent resources of tie islands. The United States is so teeming with enterprises and industries which are highly profitable that it has been difficult to induce American capital to enter the islands and aid in the long-sought development thereof, yet, in spite of this fact, a brief resum6 will show that American THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 27 enterprise and business sagacity have already made great progress in a field that a few years ago was almost wholly occul)ied by foreigners. The ancient and inefficient systems of lighting and street transportation in the city of Manila have disappeared, and in their places modern, up-to-date systems, in whiche millions of American money are invested, have been inaugurated and are receiving their just reward in large profits. Harbor works at MJanila have involved an expenditure of over $4,000,000, the contracts for which have been held by enterprising Americans. Harbor works at Iloilo and Cebu are under way, both in the hands of Americans. An antiquated telephone system in Manila has been supplanted by a modern one, all inaugurated and carried on with American capitala system which will probably gradually extend itself throughout. the whole of the island of Luzon, as authorized by the franchise. Concessions have been granted for the construction of 300 miles of railway in the Visayan islands, and work is already under way, due wholly to the business enterprise and tlie aggregation of American capital. More than 400 miles of now railway in the island of Luzon are now under way, to be constructed by a company organized under a charter granted by the legislature of one of our States and with American capital. These two enterprises alone will undoubtedly involve between ten and twenty million dollars of expenditure. Electric lighting plants have been instituted at Iloilo and Cebu under American auspices and with American capital. Where the field before was occupied by three (reat banks, two English and one largely Spanish, an important Anmerican bank has already captured at least its fair share of all the banking business of the islands. Contracts involving millions of dollars for new waterworks and sewer systems for the city of Manila have already been awarded and awarded to American capital. Contracts have likewise been awarded to citizens of the United States for the construction of two immense steel and cement wharves or piers at Manila. While American. enterprise has not taken it. proper place in the water transportation of the islands, yet such capital is not wanting here, and the Philippine Transportation Company is making a success. Large lumber concerns have been inaugurated and are carried on in different parts of the islands by Americans, and are seizing considerable portions of the business for both imported and domestic lumber. The largesti private stationery and printing establishment in the islands is in the hands of Americans. The second largest establishment in the world for the manufacture of cocoanut products is doing business in the islands, wholly with American capital and under American control. One of the largest importing and exporting wholesale corporations in the archipelago has, under American management and with American capital, already captured a most formidable portion of current business. Many varieties of most useful and valuable machinery for saving labor and increasing production have already been introduced by Americans, and this is a growing business. American lawyers, physicians, dentists, and merchants are here found in every direction, finding remunerative employment. In some portions of the islands, particularly in Mindanao, American enterprise has made substantial advances in development of the latent and inexhaustible agricultural resources. The most important product of the islands, abaca or hemp, which has no real rival in the markets of the world, is undoubtedly soon to receive a tremendous impetus through new appliances which American skill and American capital are bringing to bear upon this important product. A great aggregation of American capital already interested in the business of purchasing hemp in the islands has absorbed one or two of the larger and older companies and made itself a factor in the handling of that most important commodity. Whatever development in the mining industry has been made is practically all in the hands of hardy and rugged Americans, backed by American capital. The American newspaper man, enterprising here, as at home, is a most important factor in shaping public sentiment in the islands. All this progress has been made, not by depriving Filipinos of industries that before were theirs, but by the introduction of new capital and new business sagacity that have enabled Filipinos in nearly every case to obtain greater and larger remunerative employment and greater prosperity than ever before. The unoccupied field is still large and will furnish for many years to come outlet for surplus energy and money of citizens of the United States to benefit both themselves and the inhabitants of the islands. REFUND OF DUTIES ON EXPORTS. The Commission has repeatedly called attention in its reports to the action of Congress providing for a refund of duties paid on articles exported from the islands to the United States and consumed therein. The reasons that led the Commission heretofore to recommend the repeal of that provision are still operative. Since the passage of that act on March 8, 1902, the amount of duties collected and paid into the Philippine treasury by exporters that has 91256-07 ----8 been taken from that treasury and handed over to manufacturers in the United States down to June 30, 1906, is $1,471,208.47. Nothing i is more apparent than that this money has been taken out of the poverty of the insular treasury to be delivered directly into the hands of manufacturers of cordage and other users of Philippine hemp in the United States for their enrichment. The cordage interests are prosperous and do not need this help; the Philippine Islands are poor. It is believed that legislation which takes money directly from the Philippine treasury and passes it over to a particular industry in the United States is not founded on sound principles of political economy or of justice to the Filipinos. We renew our recommendation for the repeal of this provision. PUBLIC LANDS. The Commission has heretofore repeatedly called attention to the provision of section 15 of the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, limiting the sale of any portion of the public domain to any individual to an amount exceeding 16 hectares or to any association or corporation to an amount exceeding 1,040 hectares. However beneficent the purposes that were in the minds of the legislators when these limitations were imposed, the practical effect has been to prevent the development of agricultural industry on any large scale in the islands. Most liberal provisions are made by the public-land act for the easy acquisition of homesteads by Filipinos or others, but there are very few instances of these provisions being taken advantage of. Down to June 30, 1906, but 805 applications have been received for homesteads throughout the whole islands, either from Filipinos or Americans, and during the last fiscal year not one sale of public lands was made nor one lease issued. The Filipino is not migratory like the American; he remains largely where his ancestors have lived before him and where the local ties are such that he is unwilling to disrupt them by seeking larger facilities or better lands or greater opportunities for enriching himself in new localities. The islands have many acres of arable and fertile land absolutely unoccupied. The people have no means of engaging in large industries, and it would be the greatest of boons if the lands could be more largely occupied and developed, and an example furnished to the inhabitants of what modern appliances and modern-methods of cultivation can do and opportunities furnished for the employment of a large number of natives and the cultivation of large haciendas. Capital is not in the islands; it will not come without assurances of fair returns on money invested. The legislation referred to prohibits any such assurance, but, on the contrary, makes it certain that an industry thus established must be a failure. There is abundant land for the use of all the capital that can be coaxed into the islands, with limitations fairly liberal, and still leave more land for the Filipinos than will be occupied by them apparently for hundreds of years. We respectfully but urgently renew our recommendation that this legislation be modified, and that firms, corporations, or associations be allowed to acquire public lands not exceeding 10,000 hectares for each individual, association, or corporation. MINING LAWS. The mineral resources of the islands have never been to the slightest degree, so far as we are aware, exploited or worked by Filipinos aside from the insignificant gatherings by Igorots of small handfuls of gold and small amounts of copper in the mountains of Luzon. The people have no knowledge of mining operations, no disposition to engage in explorations for the discovery- of minerals or for the hazardous business of developing them; nor have they financial resources to enable them to do so. There are undoubtedly deposits of gold, copper, and of coal in the islands, but whether they are in such quantities and such locations that they can be profitably developed and brought into utility has not yet been determined, nor will it be determined probably in the lifetime of living men unless proper opportunities and facilities can be furnished for investigation, exploration, experimentation, and development. This work must be done primarily by Americans. If unsuccessful, Americans suffer the losses; if successful, they will make the profits, but they will thereby furnish remunerative employment to a great number of Filipinos and markets for large amounts of native products. The development of the mineral resources is of vital importance, particularly that of coal. If coal can be developed sufficient in quantity to warrant its working, every manufacturing industry in the islands will receive a stimulus and all navigation and transportation by steam will be immediately facilitated and cheapened. Should it be shown that the industry is a profitable one, there is no reason why enterprising Filipinos should not themselves engage in it. But they would be hampered, limited, and prevented from any successful enterprise by the stringent limitations imposed by the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1902, limiting the number of mining claims that may be owned by any one person 28 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. or corporation. Nor is any definite provision made for the granting of any licenses for exploration and mining of gold or other precious metals in navigab] e and shoal waters between low and mean high tide on shores, bays, and inlets of the islands. On the island of Masbate, particularly, considerable deposits of gold have been found in the shoal waters, and several hundred thousand dollars have already been expended in the introduction of machinery for dredging the streams, but apparently without adequate provision of law. It is believed that the act of Congress referred to should make specific provision on this subject, so that licenses, under proper restrictions, may be granted for the carrying on of what is being already done for the benefit of the islands without any definite authority of law. It is most desirable, also, that the time within whichl one may perfeet a coal claim and purchlase thi( land should be extended. Careful exploration is necessary before malking the final great expenditure involved in developing a coal mnie. ('reat ditliculty is involved in getting experts to come to the islands for the purpose of making explorations, inl securing the services of diamond-drill men, etc., all of which necessarily results in the lapse of considerable time, if a thorough investigation is to be iuade as to the value of the claim before paying for it. There should be an extension of the time within which one may perfect a coal claim and purchase the land. It is also desirable that that portion of the act of Congress which forbids the filing of more than one mining claim by an indiv id al upon the same vein or lode be so amended as to probhiit the owning or holding of more than one mining claim ait one timee. This will enable a miner, if he ascertains that a clain on which he has filed is worthless, to abandon it and to file another claim upon a lode or dleposit. The mining laws in general ought to be liberal in order to induce the exploration and development of the resources of the islands, instead of being surrounded by such restrictions as to make such development practically impossible. SPECIFIC iIECOMMIENJ)ATIONS. The Commission begs to make the following specific recommllendations, some of which, as above stated, are renewals of recommendations made in former reports: First. Legislation which shall reduce the duties on sugar and tobacco exported from the Philippine Islands into the United States to not more than 25 per cent of the present rates fixed by what is known as the " Dingley tariff law." Second. That the amount of land which may be acquired, owned, and used for agricultural purposes in the Philippine Islands by any individual or corporation be extended to 10,000 hectares. Third. That that provision of the act of Congress which forbids the filing of more than one mining claim by the same individual or corporation upon a lodle or deposit le amended so as to prolii hit only the owning of more than one claim at any one tilnfe by the same individual or corporation upon a lode or deposit, and so as to make specific provision for the granting of licenses for the exploration of mining for gold and othter precious metals by citizens of the United States or persons who hafinIve legally declared tlheir intention to become suchll of the Phil ippi ne Islands, in navigable waters and all shoal waters betwe ten low and nmean high tide upoim slhores, lbays, andl inlets of the Ph}ilipline Islands, su}bject to such l1 imitations and regulations as ltay be provided ' by th' gov:erimn(nt, of tlhe Philippiin(e Islands, as to exeln pt navigation froilm artilicil ob)struction or to irotect prior vested lights. Fourth. That section 56 of the at of Conlgress approved July 1 1902, entitled "An act temiporarily to provide revenue for thle Philippine Islands, and for other purposes," imlay be so amended as to extend the time for (levelopment and paymilent of coal claims to three years. Fifth. That that portion of section 2 of the act of Congress approved March 8, 1902, entitled "An act temporarily to provide revenue for the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes," which requires that all export duties upon articles exported froimn the Philippine Islands and consumed in the United States shall 1)e refunded, - be repealed. Sixth. Tihat tlie Philippine governimeit be authorized to establ ish in the islands an agrictultural btank by private capital, -lie principial of which shall be guaranteed by the 'government of the Philippine Island., and interest not to exceed 4 per cent per annumn, witl a limited total liability of the government dulrin g any singl(e year inot to exceed $400,000,.and thle flabiliy not lto (e xt nd byontd twe(ntyfive years. Seventh. Thiat lte work of t}le (oalst, and geodetic survey, liht huouse construction an(t service b)e pali(l for bIy aIpp)ro!prliatiois nii.tde from tlhe Treasury of the UJnited States, the work' to be carried on by the protper bureaus of the govetrnment of the Plilippine Islandls; that the' expense of the quarantine service be borne by the (IGoverrnment of the United States, and that topographical surveys be authorized and made by the United States Government. Eighth. That existing legislation by Congress be so modified as to leave the question of the absolute prohibition of the importation of opilium, after March 1, 1908, to the determination of the insular authorities, as circumstances may require. COMMERCE. The report of the Philippine secretary of commerce for 1906 treats t)f the commerce of the islands as follows: There is a tendency among the merchants of Manila to complain of bad times, ans d the newspapers are filled with statements that the financial and agricultural condition of tlhe islands is critical. It is beyond question that many of the merchants have had difficulty in making both ends meet (luring the year just past and that the profits of somne of tihe larger ftirns have been very small. There is no question but that t lere t must l) some hardships to existing industries witlh a clianae so radical as that which is now taking place in th1 Philippine) Islands, viz, the opening of opportunities to the individual, the education of the poorer classes, the 'change in tihe fundaniental system of government to one more democratic in theory, tlhe improvement of the means of transportation, and the effect of bringing more modern methods of production and manufacture to these islands, the improved and cheaper system of communications, as the railroads, steamboats, telegraph, and telephone, X and the improvedl porlt facilities, are sure to revolutionize business and busin( ss methods in the islands. Such a fundamental change as this severs old ties and underlnines oul systems, to replace which it takes time and necessitates a period of growth, dturing which it is probable that there will be imore or less hardship felt in the coinmmnercial world, the one most directly affected by these changes. In seeking for the cause of the undoubted depression that exists one finds that credits have been much curtailed, and, while the banks have had large reserves, it has been difficult for merchants to obtain large amounts of credit. It is believed that a thorough analysis of the sittlation will demonstrate that this hardness of money has had imore to do with this feeling of depression and the bad times of which merchants complain than an actual shortage of production. It is true that the production has been somewhat reduced, but it is also true that prices have ranged in the more important products fairly high. TlIe very tdestructive typhoon which swept the islands on Septemnber 26, 1905, very materially reduced the crops in the eight provinces of Samar, Sorsogon, Albay, Ambos (Canarines, Tayabas, Batangas, Laguna, and C(avite. The hemip destroyed has had a miarked effect on the total producti(on of hemp inl the archipelago, showing a falling off of 17,986 tons, the total amount shipped during the six muonths ending June 30, 1906, being 48,227 tons, as opposed to 66,213 tons shipped for the corresponding period of the previous year. This shortage of hemp has resulted in an increased price, tlie price going from an average of I346 per ton in the first six mionthis of:1905 to an average of P'378 per ton in the first six months of 1906. While the storm (id not, destroy many cocoaniut trees, it shook off tihe growing nuts andi greatly damiage(l the year's crop, particularly in I'aguna. Apart from this diffi(culty there has been a drought in Mindanao, ( Cebu, amnd (t her o fthe southiern islands, and somewhat of a pest of locusts wlhi.h (ldid considerable damage in somet of theu provinces directly north of Manila. It nlmust always be expected t fhat each year will bring forth something that thireatens ior destroys part of the crop, but in spite of these trout)1les the gross exports oif the islands, excluding currency, amo(unted to -P63,836,760, as opposed to -P64,711,730 for the previous year. For the eight fiscal years since American occupation the figures of exports and imports are as follows: Yoar. I mports. | Ex ports. T'Total.. Pesos. Pesos. PesOs. I So-.................................. 26. 2233, 134 29, 2)0,334 55,513, 468 I _0t( _.._ _................................ 41,202,8761 39, 42, 6;94 80,845,570 190}1. -............... - - - i, 552. 400 46. 445,9 ( 10(i, 991}8,096 1.................................. 4,058,714 49.0 S8, 716 13, 148. 4:;0 19.................................. 5, 95.', sti) (i, 300 240 132,257,130 1(I9.................................... 6i. 4t42.502 t0. 452, 254 1,26, 89., 75(i I!~ )....................................... i i 4 71, 753(8;!i 4, l 1,730 126. 4(9, 82<6 4 e................................... 51, 597, 71 t } 3,: S3i, 76t 115, 434, 470 A coimn::>arision of these figures will show a state of continuious gr'owth front 19(}0 to 190:3, itn whlich yea'r th(i American troops were so lheavily withdrawn from, til islanids, amnd thtn thliere was a slight falling off of impo)erts and exports of atbut 4 per cent in -1904 over tihe preceding year, and less than 1 per cent in 1.905. In 1906 the falling off amounted to about 9 per cent. As conditions were so unsettled in 1898 and 1899, it is not fair to draw comparisons, but the slight THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 29 decrease since the best year of American occupation is not enough to justify anybody saying the trade is paralyzed. A further analysis of the imports reveals the fact that the imports of rice show the following totals by fiscal years: 1899 -........ P3,877,864 1903.............. 30, 122, 646 1900............. 6, 372, 396 1904.-............ 23,097, 628 1901........... 10, 981,916 1905............ 14, 913,476 1902.....-...... 13, 156, 962 1906.-...........:. 8, 743,964 It will be seen that of the falling off of imports in the past two years 5P14,844,792 is accounted for by the decrease in rice importa- tion, leaving a net decrease of imports of all other commnodities of 5P491,128, which can be taken as negligible. It will also be seen that the exports have decreased about 1 per cent, not a very considerable amount. It is a matter for great congratulation that the people of the islands should be raising their own food supplies. In the United States the railroad earnings are ordinarily taken as a barometer of general prosperity. I beg to call attention to the I comparative annual reports of gross earnings of the Manila and Dagupan Railway Company. During the past two years 80 miles have been constructed in addition to the 120 miles originally built but as the completion of these lines has been only during the last half of the present fiscal year the result of their operations does not have a marked effect on these figures, which are fairly comparative for a given mileage: Year. Gross earnings. Year. 1893....................... 1894................... 1895....................... 1896.............. 1897.................. 1898..9............... 1899........................ 500, 000 550,000 600,000 600,000 725,000 775,000 175,000 1900....................... 1901.............. 1902................. 1903.................. 1904................... 1905....................... Gross earnings. P725,000 1,300,000 1,200,000 1,575,000 1,475,000 1, 694,000 BALANCE OF TRADE. During the fiscal year 1906 the total value of imports was P51,597,704 and the exports P63,836,760, showing a balance infavor of the islands of P12,239,056, which is nearly P8,000,000 more than the record for any previous year. Had it not been for the destructive typhoon, which materially diminished the exports of hemp, the showing would have been probably 1P4,000,000 more favorable. Currency is excluded in statements of both imports and exports. During the whole period of American occupation the total imports into the Philippine Islands have amounted to P437,802,312, and of exports 5P419,758,814, showing for the whole period an excess of 5P18,043,898 of imports over exports. TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES. The total value of imports for the fiscal year 1906 from the United States was P8,666,040, a decrease of P3,012,984 from the corresponding preceding year. The total value of Philippine products exported to the United States was -P23,160,338, a decrease of t8,197,412 as compared with the corresponding preceding year. While there has been a loss in the total of both the exports and imports, the United States has sustained a greater loss, relatively, than other countries from which Philippine imports are received and to which Philippine products go. The use of flour in the Philippine Islands is increasing, but the total value of importations of this coimmodity from the United States during the last fiscal year was P892,154, showing a loss of P335,820 as compared with the year immediately preceding. This reduction may probably be attributed mainly to the prevalence of the boycott among the Chinese, the principal retailers in flour in the Philippine Islands. The value of the importation of cotton' goods from the United States during the last fiscal year was P557,592, showing a decrease of P970,584 from the value of the importations of the preceding year, or a loss of two-thirds, notwithstanding the fact that there has been an increase in the total imports of cotton goods during the same period. This reduction can doubtless, in considerable part, be also attributed to the Chinese boycott. UNNECESSARY IMPORTATIONS. It is doubtless true that.many articles are imported into the Philippine Islands which ought to be produced here in sufficient quantities for the whole of the local consumption. Among these articles may be mentioned rice, to which reference has before been made; cattle (during the last fiscal year cattle, mainly for beef,were imported to the value of P848,452, while the islands abound in excellent grazing lands); lumber (the importations of this commodity by the Army, Navy, and insular government and private individuals amounting to millions of dollars in value, while the islands themselves have virgin forests of most valuable timber, possessing lasting qualities and of a durability not found in the timber of other sections of the world); eggs (of which P531,144 worth were imported last year, every peso of which is an unnecessary importation); fresh vegetables and fruits (great quantities of which are imported every year from China), and refined sugar (the whole of which should be produced and refined in the islands, instead of being exported in the form of raw sugar and again reimported as the refined product). The very small extent of territory covered by railroads in the Philippine Islands vitiates the use of these figures as a barometer of general prosperity, and they merely indicate that there is a sufficient increase of production and movement of freight in the six provinces traversed by the railroad to show that those provinces at least are not stagnant. In the 1906 report of the Philippine secretary of finance occurs the following: EXPORTS. The total value of all exports from the islands for the fiscal year was P63,836,760, a decrease of P874,970 as compared with the preceding year. The decreases are in hemp and sugar, while there was an increase in the exports of copra and tobacco, hemp alone sliowiag a loss of P5,398,944, and sugar an additional loss of '226,322, while copra shows an increase of P3,897,386 and tobacco T787,704. The value of the total exports of sugar for the year was P9,727,730, of which T'520,208 went to the United States. Practically no market, therefore, for Philippine sugar in the United States has been found during the past year. The total value of exports of tobacco products during the year was P4,779,780, of which the United States received but P62,006. STATISTSTICAL TABLES. VALUES OF PRINCIPAL AGRICULTURAL AND OTHER EXPORTS FROM PHILIPPINE ISLANDS IN SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1854 TO 1905 * [From Census of Philippine Islands, 1903.]! PRINCIPAL AGRICUL- i TURAL PRODUCTS I ALL OTHER EXPORTS. EXPORTED. PRINCIPAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS EXPORTED. ALL OTHER EXPORTS. YEAR. Values. Dollars. 1854....................i 5,329,313 1855.................... 5,876,712 1856.................... 8,564,171 1857.................... 10,785, 606 1858.................... 6,906,272 1860..-.................. 7,985,401 1861.................... 6,763,085 1.862.................... 7,778,641 1863.................... 9,01.9,133 1864....-.......... 9,083,728 1865.................. 16,978,452 1866.................... 19,480,446 1867 -...................20,533,233 1873................... 23,081,481 1874................... 15,830,842 1875................... 17,766,456 1876.................... 12,893,168 1877...-.......... 14,460,327 1878................... 14,400,492 1879. --- —---—..-..... 12,962,344 1880................... 19,172,767 1881.................... 20,837,569 Per cent Values. of total. es Dollars. 79.21 1,399,094 91.36 555,888 89 24 1,033,119 85. 29 1,860,841 69. 79 2,989,085 79.03 2,119,374 79.90 1,701,689 80.82 1,846,362 84. 86 1,608,912 80.66 2,178,617 77.14 5,030,102 83.47 3,857,786 89. 41 2,430,867 96 23 904,442 91.05 1,555,189 96.19 703,712 95.00 678,964 93.58. 992,365 90.94 1,434,592 78.02 3,651,815 92.29 1,627,799 95.29 1,030,373 Per cent of total. 20.79 8.64 10.76 14.71 30.21 20.97 20. 10 19. 18 15. 14 19.34 22. 86 16. 53 10.59 3.77 8. 95 3.81 5.00 6.42 9.06 21.98 7.71 4.71 Total value of exports. Dollars. 6,728,407 6,432,600 9,597,290 12,646,447 9,895,357 10,104,775 8,464,774 9,625,003 10,628,045 11,262,345 22,008,554 23,338,232 22,964,100 23,985,923 17,386,031 18,470,168 13,572,132 15,452,692 15,835,084 16.614,159 21,100,566 21,867,942 Values. Per cent Values. Per cent V of total. vaes of total. YEAR. Dollars. 1882.................... 17,806,869 1883................... 21,037,177 1884.................... 15,086,813 1885.................... 17,423,515 1886.................... 14,594,281 1887.................... 17,676,451 1888.- -.................. 18,706,583 1889.................... 24,076,954 1890.................... 18,,96,151 1891.................... 19,347,762 1892.................... 18,630,367 1893 —. -------- 21,174,160 1894................15,752,190 18J5.................... 14 892,462 1898a................... b,962,329 1899)....................1 4,186,438 1900.................... 21,159,718 1901.................. 22,854,974 1902.................... 27,360,475 1903................. 30,389,131 1904.......................27,279,999 1905....................31,669,528 96. 53 91.43 76.09 85.00 72.60 90.94 96.35 93. 81 88.14 92. 63 97. 24 95.21 95. 26 79.06 96.07 Y5. 55 92.04 93. 27 95. 43 93.90 93. 59 94. 67 Dollars. 639,946 1,972,093 4,740,579 3,073,901 5,509,278 1,761,443 708,368 1,5,87.383 2,556, 33 1,538,669 527,987 1,066,390 783,022 3,944,916 203,027 660,144 1,830,655 1,648,379 1,311,429 2,007,615 1,869,501 1,785,246 3.47 8. 57 23.21 15.00 27. 40 9.06 3.65 6.19 11.86 7.37 2.76 4.79 4.74 20.94 3.93 4.45 7.96 6.73 4.57 6.10 6.41 5.33 Total value of exports. Dollars. 18,446,815 23,009,270 19,827,392 20,497,416 20,103,559 19,437,894 19,414,951 25,664,337 21,552,784 20,886,431 19,158,354 22,240,550 16,535,212 18,837,378 5,165,356 14,846,582 22,990,373 24,503,353 28,671,904 32,396,746 29,149,500 33,454,774 a Five months (August to December, inclusive). b Not including cocoanut oil, dyewoods, and indigo, the values of which are included with those for "all other exports." c Not including cocoanut oil and dyewoods, the values of which are included with those for "all other exports." EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES FROM PHILIPPINE ISLANDS IN SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1854 TO 1905, AND IN FISCAL YEAR 1906. HEMP. R. YEAR. Quantity. Pounds. 1854........................................................................... 26,500,505 1855........................................................................... 41,264,093 1856.50.......2................................... 50,203,323 1857........................................................................... 61,528,774 1858.......................................................................... 54,538,347 1860........................................................................... 57,735,421 1861......................................................................... 51,473,794 1862............................................................. 65,968,054 1863............................................................................. 58,977,724 1864........................................................................... 62,184,749 1865...................9................ 649,939,697 1866.......................................................................... 55,312,462 1867.......................................................................... 62,840,522 1873................................................................. a 90,305, 749 1874........................................................................... 91,419,028 1875........................................................................ 74,484,543 1876........................................................................... 85,811,824 1877.................................-........... -............................. 82,212,426 1878........................................................................... 100,2 9,388 1879........................................................................... 86,956,951 1880........................................................................... 112,105,627 1881.................................................. 130,927,796 1882........................................................................... 100,725,72 1883........................................................................... 108, 366,679 1884..................................................-.......-....-...... 111,938,790 1885........................................................................... 117,003,115 1886.......7........................................................... 106,358,041 1887..................................................... 163,984,327 1888................................................................... 180,094,363 1889................................................................ 159,195,793 1890..................................................0....................... 104,122,751 1891.......................................................................... 187,188,181 1892......................................................................... 155,405,519 1.893......................... 20i, 665,430 1894........................................................................... 212,739,048 195.......................................................................... a 236,628,428 1898 c,......................................................................... 59,830,399 1899........................................................................... 154,667,520 1900........................................................................ 200,341,120 1901........................................................................... 278,335,679 1902.......................................................................... 249,760,000 1903..................................................3....................... 308,564,480 1904.......................................................................... 272,466,880 190........................................................................... 287,577,46 920,880 1905.......................... 287,577,920 AW. MANUFACTURES. TOTAL. Values. Quantity. Values. Quantity. Dollars. 1,477,499 2,698, 320 2,751,902| 2, 723,392 2,231,288 1,899,848 1,461,915 1,830,550 1,980,142 2, 687, 961 5,037,002 6,799,671 7.473, 313 5,387,511 4,717,031 3,684, 208 3,635,300 3, 221,699 3,599,013 3,332,698 4,820,058 7,908,874 6, 102,996 6,583, 252 6,236,393 5.495,300 4,337,838 8,157,310 8,105,289 10.399,783 6,927,249 10,327,905 6,884,515 7,698,420 7,240,938 6,521,509 3,039,767 7,993,574 13,290,400 15,976,640 19,290,610 22, 000,588 20,944,177 21,757,344 Pounds. 4,415,007 2,628,236 3,558,097 2,996, 428 2,724,903 3,003,876 3,311,530 4,289,898 3,826,216 2,448,052 2,952,332 1,594,329 1,504,020 (a) 5,167,020 1,449,752 2,085,728 2,079,299 4,478, 266 1,356,927 1,453,720 1,257,707 1,310,597 898,117 683,261 576,038 672, 211 356,883 281,810 7,350,882 9,065,778 (b) 235,010 326, 616 397,505 (a) (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) Dollars. 149,247 107,439 106,265 231,685 218,025 347,183 264,522 340,923 303,566 170,811 372, 499 284.532 314,338 (a) 198,765 103,748 125,483 156,987 303,226 96,699 111,824 121,916 127,734 82,019 04,215 43,330 41,118 27,353 22,024 72,640 566,946 40,451 18,297 24,228 21,458 (a) 1,200 29,819 d 10, 441 15,395 19,489 31,131 34,283 24,459 Pounds. 30,975, 512 43.892,329 53,761,420 64,525,202 57,263,250 60,739,297 54,785, 324 70,257,952 62,803,940 64, 632,801 52,892,029 56,906,791 64,344,542 90,305.749 96,58ti,048 75,934,295 87,897,552 84,291,725 104,747, 654 88,313,878 113,559,347 132,185,503 102,036,269 109,264, 796 112,622,051 117,579,153 107,030,252 164,341,210 180,376,173 166,552,675 113,188,529 187,188,181 155,640,529 206,992,046 213,136,553 236,628,428 59,830,399 154,667,520 200,341,120 278,335,679 249,760,000 308, 564,480 272,466,880 287,577,920 Values. Dollars. 1,626,746 2,805,759 2,858,167 2,955,077 2,449,313 2,247,031 1,726,437 2,171,473 2,283,708 2,858,772 5,409, 501 7,084,203 7,787,651 5,387,511 4,915,796 3,787,956 3,760,783 3,378,686 3,902,239 3,429,397 4,931,882 8,030,790 6,230,730 6,665,271 6,300,608 5,538,630 4,378,956 8,184,663 8,127,313 10,472,423 7,494,195 10,368,356 6,902,812 7,722,648 7,262,396 6,521,509 3,040,967 8,023,393 13,300,841 15,992,035 19,310,099 22,031,719 20,978,460 21,781,803 Per cent of total value of exports. 24. 18 43. 62 29. 78 23. 37 24. 75 22. 24 20. 40 22. 56 21. 49 25. 38 24. 58 30. 35 33. 91 22. 46 28. 27 20.51 27.71 21.86 24,64 20.64 23.37 36.72 33. 78 28.97 31.78 27. 02 21.78 42.11 41.86 40.81 34. 77 49. 64 36. 03 34. 72 ~43.92 34.62 58.87 54.04 57. 85 65.26 67.35 68.00 71.97 65.11 a The quantity of manufactured hemp is included with that of raw hemp, not having been separately reported. c Five months (August to December, inclusive). b Manufactured quantity not specified. d Six months ending December, 1900. 30 Tilt COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 31 EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES FROM PHILIPPINE ISLAN1)S IN SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1854 TO 1905, AND IN FISCAL YEAR 1906 — Continued. SUGAR. Per cent YEAR. Quanitity. Value. It value of exports. Pounds. Dollars. 1854....................................... 105,168,469 2,225,022 33.07 1855....................................... 78,418,076 1,725,630 26.83 1856......................................... 106,167,418 3,705,434 38.61 1857........................................ 80,787,336 4,576,531 1 36.19 1858................................... 60,157,634 2,249,195 22. 73 1860......................................... 09,788,671 4,136,296 40.93 1861......................................... 101,507,363 3,166,678 37.41 1862......................................... 136,541,588 3,561,289 37.00 1863.............. -..................... 114,775,708 3,341,056 31.44 1864........................... 99,287,037 3,513,603 31.20 1865......................................... 103,245,027 6,383,629 29.01 1866......................................... 91,024,096 6,039,496 25. 88 1867......................................... 123,635,864 6,526,351 28.42 1873......................................... 87,854,669 13,970,243 58.24 1874......................................... 223,482,899 6,104,729 35.11 1875......................................... 282,435,764 9,028,775 48.88 1876...................................... 287,804,287 6,773,177 49. 91 1877-...................................... 271,153,187 8,309,585 53. 77 1878-...................................... 269,012,397 7,496,824 47.34 1879.............................-.......... 290,697,297 6,846,510 41.21 1880 -.-. —..... —........-............. 399,452,085 10,265,788 48.65 1881 —....-. ---... --- —--- -...... 460,333,589 11,035,833 50.47 1882......................................... 331,621,172 7,972,780 43.22 a Five months (August to December, inclusive). YEAR. Quantity. alue. I; --- —— _ — ~~~ Pounds. 1883..................3............... 433,941,524 1884........................................ 269,244,105 1885....................................... 450,228,879 1886...................................... 407,717,730 1887....................................... 376,444,815 1888....................................... 354,913,911 1889........................................ 503,682,477 1890.. --- —. —...........-................ 319,317,533 1891............................... 304,714,598 1892...........-.................. 557,318.903 1893........................................ 576,551,183 1894.................................. 464,391,023 1895......................... 752,803,783 1898 a........1.............................. 18,662,420 1899............................... 189,215,450 1900.......................................! 143,719,971 1901. —..1.-..........-.-..-.-. — --..-.-. --- — 125,381,318 1902........................ 217,365,785 1903........................................ 188,069,955 1904...................................... 191,917,157 1905........................................ 239,196,273 1906 b................................... 277,289,222 b Fiscal year ending June 30, 1906. Dollars. 10,546,185 6,013,982 8,646,735 7,016,348 6,153,511 6,274,385 9,098,548 7,266,798 5,698,949 7,766,326 10,370,574 5,474,422 6,068,485 394,680 3,458,370 2,397,144 2,549,147 3,342,473 3,324,554 3,092,734 5,073,233 4,863,865 Per cent of total value of exports. 45. 83 30. 33 42. 18 34.90 31.t66 32.32 35. 45 33.72 27.29 40. 54 46.63 33.11 32. 22 7. 64 23.29 10. 43 10. 40 11. 66 10. 26 10. 61 15. 16 15. 24 TOBACCO. LEAF. MANUFACTURED. TOTAL. YEAR. Quantity. Value. 1854.............................................. 1855............................................................... 1856............................................................... 1857.................................. 1858............................................................... 1860............................................................... 1861.............................................................. 1862.............................................................. 1863............................................................... 1864............................................................... 1865.................. —..........-. —.-.....-..-...-.............. 1866................................................................ 1867........... ---..................................-..-........... 1873................................ 1874............................................................ 1875.............................................................. 1876................................................... '1877............................................................... 1878.....................-...................................... 1879....................................................... -. 1880............................................................... 1881...............-............ 1 882.......................................... 1883.............................................................. 1884.............................................................. 1885.. --- —------------—.............................. --- —-—.... 1886........... —................................................... — 1887.................................... 1888........................................... 1 1889............................................................... 1890............................................................... 1891............................................................... 1892............................................................... 1893............................................................... 1894........................................................... 189 58................................................. 1899.............................................................. 1900................................................. 1901.......................................................... 1903.........................................................I 1903................................................................ 1904.......................................................... 1905............................................. 1906 f..................................... -............ Pounds. 9,270,702 5,563,272 12,073,997 13,885,106 8,461,923 2,069,376 2,717,172 7,334,111 8,359,468 6,182,970 6,985,123 8,711,761 10,593,154 5,919,415 10,013,049 12,428,283 1,546,558 4,774, 577 2,104,511 23, 602,450 917,368 3,335, 968 12, 474,982 7,420,990 2,747,967 12,855,858 11,242,618 9,455,634 21,476, 444 20,147,092 19, 443, 666 19,992,014 26,755,841 23,687,5.30 15, 474,345 22,177,002 4, 446,142 14,050,310 22,028,546 17,391,596 20,196,283 19,249,094 18,640,377 19,830,072 21,359,892 Dollars. 789,720 467, 610 1,136,161 1,455,171 876,551 157,382 226,963 1,086,018 1,086,018 1,241,977 2,216,843 2,540,571 2,999,117 1,414,686 2,210,633 2,471,432 369,972 356,437 498,832 129,030 331,462 593,941 1,960,123 1,242,138 483,565 1,285, 567 759,542 640,36(6 1,341,040 1,404,372 1,321,073 1,259,230 1,553,811 1,464,091 702,641 1,111,716 450,750 776,841 1,033,900 748, 485 955,166 954,259 989,514 1,367,212 1,458,658 Quantity. Pounds. a 85,314, 000 (c) d 150,083 a 131,562, 000 a 97,512,000 a 117, 396,000 (C) a 57,556, 000 a 214, 354, 000 a 64,569,000 a 72, 862,000 a 180, 709, 000 a 67,612, 000 a 108,580,000 a 95, 027, 000 a 83,287,000 (c) (c) a 112,051, 000 a 194,654, 000 3,753,235 2,802,375 3,714,255 1.750,331 1,763,885 2,145,021 1,799,941 1,604,329 3,720,935 2,711,951 3,054,555 2,748,777 3,519,342 2,833,116 2,522,867 2,915,581 (c) (C) (c) (c) (C) (c) (c) (~) Value. Dollars. 361,506 410,780 353,970 1,140,291 836.926 1,025,760 973,267 492,099 1,816,121 737,520 1,627,128 2,159,731 1,789,458 900,066 1,266,183 940,655 719.845 819,249 1,383,647 1,061,749 1,896,620 123,090 388,039 1,345,810 1,102,439 1,005,753 1,249,553 917,894 1, 109,512 850, 509 1,148,561 891,907 981,189 969,609 872,903 1, 164,376 948,458 1,154,412 1,227,332 1,883,456 1,007,458 992,616 1,029,231 914,291 931,232 Pounds. b 9, 270,702 b 5,563,272 b 12,073,997 b 13,885,106 b 8, 461,923 b 2,069,376 b 2,717,172 b7,334, 111 b 8,359,468 b 6,182,970 b 6,985,123 b 8,711,761 b 10, 593,154 b 5,919, 415 b 10,013, 049 b 12, 438, 283 b 1,546,558 b 4,774 577 b 2,104,511 b 23, 602, 450 4,670,603 6,138,343 16,189,237 9,171,321 4,511,852 15,000,879 13,042,559 11,059,963 25,197,379 22,859,043 22,498,221 22,740,791 ' 30,275,183 26,520,646 17,997,212 25,092,583 b 4, 446,142 b 14,050,310 b 22, 028,546 b 17,391,596 b 20,196,283 b 19,249,094 b 18,640,377 b 19,830,072 Quantity. Value. Dollars. 1,151,226 878,390 1,490,131 2,595,462 1,713,477 1,183,142 1,200,230 1,578,117 2,902,139 1,979,497 3,843,971 4,700,302 4,788,575 2,314,752 3,476,816 3,412,187 1,089,817 1,175,686 1,882,479 1,190,779 2,228,082 717,031 2,348,162 2, 587, 948 1,586, 004 2,291,320 2,009,095 1,558,260 2,450,552 2,254,881 2,469,634 2,151,137 2,535,000 2,433,700 1,575,544 2,276,092 1,399,208 1,931,253 2,261,232 2,631,941 1,962,624 1,946,875 2,018,745 2,281,503 2,389,890 Per cent of total value of exports. 17.11 13.66 15. 53 20. 52 17. 32 11.71 14.18 16. 39 27.31 17. 58 17. 47 20.14 20.85 9.65 20.00 18. 47 8.02 7. 61 11. 89 7.17 10. 56 3.28 12. 73 11. 25 8. 00 11.18 9. 99 8.02 12. 62 8.79 11. 46 10.30 13. 23 10. 94 9.53 12.08 27.09 ( 13.01 9. 84 10.74 6. 85 6.01 6. 92 6. 82 7.49 a Cigars. b Pounds of raw tobacco only. 19256-07 — 9 c Quantities not specified. d Boxes. e Five months (August to December, inclusive). f Fiscal year ending June 30, 1906. 32 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES FROM PHILIPPINE ISLANDS IN SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1854 TO 1905, AND IN FISCAL YEAR 1906 -Continued. COFFEE. Per cent Per cent Y'EAR. Quantity. Value. of totl YEAR. Quantity. Value. valt value xports value of export s. exports. 1854........................................ 1855........................................ 1856........................................ 1857........................................ 1858......................................... 1860............................ 1861........................................ 1862............................... 1863.......................... 1864........................... 1865............................. 1866.................................... 18674................................ 1873............................ --- —.. 1874.........-.............. —......... 1875........................................ 1876........................................ 1877....................................... 1878......................... 1879..................................... 1880........................................ 1881........................... Pounds. 1,879,578 1,246,479 2,641,336 2,701,323 3,241,240 1,994,861 4, 600,206 2,595,544 2,574,953 3,976,955 4,112,527 3,749,026 4,932,859 6,828,457 6,292,524 9,244,368 8,359,136 9,942,168 5,361,245 8,552,195 11,309,106 12,270,261 Dollars. 145,344 109,272 215,120 205,055 308,646 192,805 432, 419 266, 500 326,964 528/511 866,566 879,734 1,119,447 1,100,461 990,574 1,194,260 1,018,307 1,349,176 711,967 986,680 1,677,198 853, 531 2.16 1.70 2.24 1.62 3.12 1.91 5.11 2.77 3.08 4.69 3.94 3.77 4.87 4.59 5.70 6. 47 7.50 8.73 4.50 5.94 7.95 3.90 1882............................. 1883................................... 1884..... --- —............................... 1885.................................... 1886............................ 1887........................................ 1888......-.. —.... --- —-------------------—......... 1889.... 1890.............................. 1891..................................... 1892..................................... — 1893.-..................................... 1894........................................ 1895..... —... —. ---............-........... 1898 a............................... 1899........................................ 1900..... ----.. ---.......-....-.... -...... 1901................................... 1902........................................ 1903....................................... 1904..............-................. --- —-- 1905........................................ Pounds. 12,352,244 16,805,201 16,599,677 12,054,378 15,776,973 10,908,244 13,865,292 13,709,647 9,876,317 6,264,437 2,994,671 642,595 1,329,718 381,991 4,184 75,646 29,826 68,228 16,459 8,337 22,492 13,736 Dollars. 1,041,317 1,120,328 1,286, 402 818,453 1,058, 479 1,611,171 1,501,239 1,818,050 1,588,803 956,419 434, 423 103,456 177,518 12,549 837 12,132 3,142 5,437 2,432 1,095 3,153 2,482 5.64 4.87 6.49 3.99 5.27 8.29 7.73 7.08 7.37 4.58 2.27.47 1.07.07.02.08.01.02.01 (b) (b) (b) COPRA AND COCOANUTS. 1854........................................ 1855....................................... 1856............................ 1857....................................... 1858.............................. 1860................................ 1861............................ 1865....................................... 1866...................... 1867 -............................... 1873........................................ 1874....................................... 1875............................. 1876.............................. 1877.................................. 1878........................ 1879............................... 1880....................................... 1881....................................... (C) (c) (d) (d) (d) (d) (d) (d) e 55,807 f 81,145 f 115,532 e 379,000 e 1,056,000 (d) (d) 180,557 e 488,495 e 1,304,299 e 1,362, 825 e 1,559,947 18,479 97,488 14,160 81,980 53,249 21,187 29,966 1,716 3,030 4,752 3,964 13,605 3,174 3,143 1,312 7,432 13,639 13,284 12,593 0.27 1.52.15.65.54.21.35.01.01.02.02.08.02.02.01.05.08.06.06 1882................. 1883........................................ 1886.......................... 1887.............................. 1888........................................ 18894............................. 1890........................................ 189201................................ 1893............................... 1894.............................. 1898 a...................................... 1899........................................ 1900........................................ 1901........................................ 1902........................................ 1903.......................... 19046........................................ 1905........................................ 1906 i...................................... e 763,000 e 1, 314, 892 e 584,851 e 2, 367,503 e 6,560,282 e8,377,983 (d) (d) (d) (d) g 5,498, 453 g 33,848, 610 g 143,058,696 g71,688,682 g130,571,522 g 181,117,084 g 85,036,548 g122,903,419 145,851,913 7,817 14,169 5,778 36,228 131,418 209,763 85,785 743,700 414,720 1,171,721 / 126,637 h 727,256 h 3,184,853 h 1,627, 200 h 2, 701, 783 3,820,060 1,981,823 3,244,747 4,043,115 0. 04.06.03.19.68.82.40 3. 88 1. 86 7. 09 2.45 4. 90 13. 85 6. 64 9.42 11. 79 6.80 9.70 COCOANUT OIL. 1854....................................... 1855........................................ 1856....................................... 1860................................................. 186........................................ 1862...................................... 1863........................................ 1864........................................ 1865....................................... 1866........................................ 1867...............-..........-..... 1873........................................ 1874................................... 1876................................. 1877........................................ 1878................................. 1879....................................... 1880........................ 188.1............................ 1882........................................ k 54,900 (0) "5,290 (d) (d) (d) 770,741 201,157 (1) o 5,427 12,767 15,869 4,347 15 ' 50,732 819,811 2,809,218 755,565 142,479 1,761 9,194 3 14,816 19,858 1,920 11,455 13,734 7,041 6,824 1,624 1,945 438 699 15 2,147 36,645 163,887 36,821 5,007 142 0.14 (in).15.20.02.12.13.06.03.01.01 (in) (M).01.23.99.17.02 (Wn 1883........................ 1884.......................... 1885................................. 1886................................. 1887.........-...................... 1888......................... 1889.................................... 1890............................... 1892.................................. 1893........................................ 1894....................................... 1898 a..................................... 1899....................................... 1900........................................ 1901........................................ 1902................................. 1903................................... 1904............................ 1905....................................... 838 72,340 317,460 588,769 750,655 1,263,615 3,368,091 915,237 1,880,092 323,135 1,007,127 P 14,733 P 16.705 P 37 P65 P 803 P 254 p9 P 2,727 44 2,672 11,332 14,703 21,116 21,813 73,223 27,289 50,733 10,337 30,321 q 5,415 q 4,923 105 20 346 81 5 899 (m) 0.01.06.07.11.11.29.13.26.05.18.10.03 (,n) (i) (m) (M) I P a Five months (August to December, inclusive). o Pounds of copra. Quantities of cocoanuts not reported. m Less than one-hundredth of 1 per cent. b Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. h Includes values of copra and cocoanuts. n Tinajas. c Quantity not reported. i Fiscal year ended June 30, 1906. o Liters. d Quantity in doubt. J Quantity and value of copra only. p Gallons. e Number of nuts. k Gantas. q Includes all oil exported. Cocoanut oil not sep-! Poundsof copra. I Quantity not specified. arately reported. THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 33 VALUES OF TOTAL IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1855 TO 1905, AND IN THE FISCAL YEAR 1906, BY COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN AND DESTINATION. [Compiled by the Insular Bureau of the War Department. 1855 to 1894, gold and silver included; 1900 to 1904, coin movement and United States Government supplies are excluded. Figures prior to 1900 are taken from "Estadistica general del conercio exterior de las Islas Filipinas," issued by the Spanish Government.] IMPORTS. YEAR. 1855............ 1856...- -....-.-.- -.1857................ 1858.............. 1859....-...... 1860................ 1861............ 1862.............. 1863.. —.. — -.-.. 1864............. --- 1865................. 1866.-.-.-.-...-. —.1867......... 1868..-..-.. --- —-... 1869................. 1870................ 1871............... 1872................. 1873.......... 1874................ 1875................ 1876...... ----...... --- 1877............... 1878................ 1879.......... 1880....-........ 1881.......-..... 1882................. 1883................ 1884.... ---......-.. 1885......... — 1886................ 1887................. 1888................. 1889......-.. --- —--- 1890............. 1891............... 1892....... --- —1893....... 1894............... 1900............... 1901............ 1902.......... 1903.............. 1904................ 1905....-..-...... 1906.......... United States. Dollars............. I 294,454 398,585 45, 762.......... 403,368 70,944 94,270 146, 657 152,372 160,276 87,976 29,999............ 32,132 71,984 137,828 71,920 141,632 121,152 194,717 442,132 771,266 1,377,863 868,049 398, 215 129,117 424,697 403,034 462,936 558,255 540,506 347,338 208,392 956,706 362,878 2,153,198 3,534,255 4,153,174 3,837,100 5,098, 820 5,589,946 4,333,893 United Kingdom. Dollars. 2,653,265 3,673,790 3,840,584 5, 479,299 7,158,154 2,988,505 2,646,112 3,774,'144 3,991,372 5,354,412 4, 443, 587 3, 634,792 3,492,349 2,990,633 2,856,999 4,536,695 3,787,311 2,823,434 N 5,740,089 5,297, 873 5, 899,064 5,042,505 5,168,087 6,935,859 5,366,384 4,859,600 7,174,927 5,583,293 5,767,568 5,122,687 5,196,192 4,247,883 3,526,211 5,576,931 5,692,579 5,639,274 4,619,133 4,341,024 5,105,907 5,224,020 Germany. France. Spain. China. Dollars............ 120,257 123,157.....i.i;..~ 161,058 255,531 74,664 226,060 292,004 6,006 141,151 227,335 135, 286 256,418 202,798 295,590 199,237 294,536 256,471 485,766 608,637 216,960 1,298,010 1,063,219 1,158,662 517,340 874,286 1,380,664 185,454 312,092 527,587 1,246,248 928,093 1,631,816 2,205,695 2,262,039 1,761,996 1,454,822 1,435,808 1,360,961 Dollars. Dollars.............. 302,175............ 904,577 1,260 467,827 28,301 644,305..... 525,579 22,831 1,160,043 13, 1(9 658, 605 86,197 912,621...... 497,419 82 350,051.. 343,003......i/.ii............. 1B 6,117 514,522............ 443,490 624,123......... 550,032..... 908,204..... 685,296.. 697,325 7. - 749,854...... 1,365,661 967 2,040,195 169,720 675,382 323,123 879,103 365,739 1,477,277 292,825 1,425,708 217,226 1,913,737 432,686 659,771 678,254 1,021,443 22,166 1,124,859 171,888 3,376,257 272,866 4,397,642 477,026 5,104,875 398,197 5,244,459 978,095 1,989,235 1,907,074 1,934,251 1,204,727 2,917,546 1,292,154 2,045,965 853,176 2,002,853 899,043 1,971,631 833,858 1,787,310 Dollars. 3,354, 747 4,085,699 908,525 2,020,379 2,230,209 2,230,554 3,630,813 5,826,389 4,000,293 c2, 862, 334 c 2, 570, 333 c399,383... 498,093 445,998 1,324,648 1,171,265 1,259,991 987,805 691,205 555,103 471,918 426,218 646, 660 406, 102 490,319 390,610 3,280,205 4,315, 168 3,903,722 3,534,735 3,029,940 2,237,471 2,296,176 3,127,569 3, 884,9(66 4,938,185 4,628,431 3,093,082 2,860,911 2,654,214 Dollars..4,610,913. 1, 165, 738 1,531,358 510,042 308,417 226,495 304,291..........304' 291 Dollars........................ " (d)..... (d) (d) I 12,878 417 29,214 65,984 297,174 51,023 45,614 793 457 1,115 7,618 990 157 62 78,900 13,782 31,193 38,861 37,972 182,678 86,247 441,319 1,061,131 726,637 811,737 835,012 832,557 657,386 Dollars. 1.588, 016i 1,026,271 370,024.... i — - - --- 448,092 537,518 339, 708 536,936 398, 731 285,234 447,460 195,849 1 --- —-- --- 8,171,979 8,574, 411 7,305,543 5,830,839 10,718,841 8,553,184 10,233,159 14,714,459 9,953,207 8,408,755 10,324,858 7,171,697 4,783,174 5,259,945 3,936,590 1,007,715 1,990,739 2,541,158 1,812,692 987,652 158,741 220,181 1,745,124 3,384,065 1,668,326 2,715,524 2,107,698 1,909,718 1,515,042 Dollars........ 3,405 11,503 6,504 120 159,921 349,844 34,244 5,284 508,024 246, 407 568,548 164,124 512 131,563 803,829 1,644,227 489,713 862,975 877,763 1,185,387 2,058,608 1,558,423 1,711,893 1,003,074 517,933 443,723 760,084 2,359,039 5,575,199 8,168,721 6,375,522 5,347,130 3,854,217 Hong- n British French..ong- I Japan. East East kong.a Indies. Indies. Other countries. Dollars. ""56,315 322,280 366,309 93,114ii 91,217 246, 410 183,496 146,460 164,362 208,081 200,483 326,012 194,440 126,786 96,518 95,621 517,568 71,310 140,039 61,535 25,181 30,696 1,011,228 395,329 415,882 382,290 495,047 621,110 598,296 369,851 653,584 760,941 744,552 1,849,495 3,033,678 2,725,701 3,420,581 3,107,305 3,871,404 f 3, 274,074 Total. Dollars. b 5,040, 709 7,348,972 10,531,459 6,123, 448 b6,704,298 9,281,321 10,625,124 7,344,356 7,890,572 11,522,974 9,390,960 9,316, 402 7,924, 405 (e) (e) (e) (e) b 23,027,505 131,482,193 13,772, 775 11,921,990 10,968,252 18,441,856 15,667,320 15,921 857 22,943,987 18,491,716 18,964,600 18,559,332 18,547,968 16,046,519 15,697,554 13,498,252 15, 651,860 18,221,316 16,273,345 16,798,294 16,314,901 15,890,502 14,250,717 24,863,779 30,162,471 33,342,166 33,811,384 29,577,731 30,050,550 25,799,266 a Hongkong included under China from 1856 to 1867 and from 1888 to 1894; under British East Indies from 1873 to 1887. d Included under China. b Distribution by countries not reported. e Figures not available. c Includes Cochin China and Japan, not separately reported. f Of which $1,523,668 was from Australasia. 34 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. VALUES OF TOTAL IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1855 TO 1905, AND IN THE FISCAL YEAR 1906, BY COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN AND DESTINATION-Continued. EXPORTS. _I YEAR. United United Germany. France. Spain. China. HongStates. Kingdomkong.a Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dolol l ars. Dollars. Dollars. DI ollars. 1855.....................................-........ 1856.......-..... 3,562,483 2,137,705............ 76,626 1,365,677 884,667............ 1857................ 3,277,686 2,230,032............ 101,090 1,882,373 1,388,131 I-.......1858 -..-.... - 2,262,615 1,766,757 173,386 1,109,691 2,762,347 1859- ------- - -- ----- ----- ----- -- ------ - ------- - - -------.......... 1860..... 3,165,59. 2, 50., 931......... 85,092 433,8991 2,229,016............ 1861................. 1,444,337 2,721,869 40 156,104 453,706 1,765,140....... 1862........-.... 1,569,535 3,371,929 38,654 117,880i 1,184,264 1,501,742............ 1863...-...... 1,532,503 2,604,0311...... 114,022 1,205,948 3,861,v0!............ 1864................ 2,719,113 4,159,369 97,811 557,798 2,018,876........... 1865..-....-......- 2,841,741 2,235, 894............ 178,066 1, 411050 3,,o65,896......... 1866............. 3,802,818 3, 378, 408 2,373 87,896 867,389 c2,109,087........ 1867................. 3,423,496 3,556,024............ 104,263 1,286,639 c1,950,426!............ 1868-........................................................ 1869..................!.......................................................... 1870-.................................................' 1871.- - - ---- -- - -- 1. --- - --—.......K......................1872. —.~....~..... —. —. —... —. —~ ---- —.. -------- --------— 1 ---------—. --- —------------------ 1873 ------------- 7,942,979 9,638,598........... 138, 434 1,923,337 2c214o,039 s...3.7.24 1874 5,341,238 6,096,230..1.13i..........73................. 59240 1875-............. 5,786,136 8,120,024 -—.................. 1, 70,828 40,854 1......... 187663................. 5,8,177 4,713,913 62,2181............ 877............... 4 5,41, 65,871...... 626,259 4,133........... 1878............. 5,116,346 4,556,648..906.......... ------- - 90,545 14176......... 1,879.........-..0.i 4,5330,353 4,'602, 213,69...... —... 123,715 913, 90246............ 1880.............. 9, 375,742 5, 463, 720 54, 453............ 1,002, 627 35,607............ 1881......-...-.. -- 8,217,141 8,315,455....................... 973330 60,829.. —. ---1882................. 6,674,704 6,234,798...........-......... 2,237,629 12,660 -........1883.............-. 10,482,104 5,319,478............. 2,484,572 12,434............ 1884 --- —----- - 6,856, 540,,339,765 873 I.......- 3601,039 29,636.......-.. 1885 -............ 8,411,697 1 2,863,552 811 54,142 3,016,877 55,526. --- —------- 1886 -.............. 6,665,609 1,937,289 487 12,086 5,383,615 52,298......... 1887-........... 9... 9,040,192 2,839,190 3,927 17,922 1,765, 491 64,236.......... 1888 -. 6,947,793 21,476 8,769 2,340,146 3,722,316.........1889.....- 8, 593, 380 6,704,031 71,130 5,029 2,246,691 5,899,079 1890 3.......... 212,422 5,966,071 33,657 5,200 2,302, 502 7,516, 363......-..-. 1891 -.. -.... 4,389,609 8,939,868 12,530 64,486 2,076,625 3,322,538........... 1892..-....-....... 2,903,648 6,371,119 1,839,109 5,778,448........ 1893................. 2,994,897 9,959,94' 19,728 241,844 1,919,253 4,866,640.... --- —-. 1894................. 3,683,092 4,335,089 14,398 615,402 1,424,449 3,375,546 1900-............ 2,960,851 8,105,220 126,729 2,533,607 1,566,972 238,827 3,870,994 1901.............4,546,292 11,126,226 81,432 1,323,513 1,263,150 118,003 2,924,974 1902 -.............. 11,475,948 8,017,526 99,791 2,315,788 749, 829 675,974 3.000,266 1903................ 13,071, 426 9,464,630 309,033 3,094,211 860,575 438,668 1,854,608 1904................. 11,654,968 9,035,479 134,769 1,588,851 1,164,448 862, 531 2,209,562 1905..... 14,840, 407 8,207,351 338,755 2,223,228 1,662,058 923,506 2,804,053 1906. -.............. 11,579, 411 7,499,627 459,426 2,703,328 1,803,055 1,705,980 3,658,781 I I Japan. Dollars. 988 999 (d..... (d) 302 19 32,592 4,055 77,322 33,067 1,757 20,936 4,937 2,528 1,251 44,920 128.023 305,682 617,539 794,453 1,584,218 708,345 1,628,889 821,978 651,162 532,245 British East Indies. Dollars. 104,073 674, 152 330,736 502,879 291,068 149 630 1,174,365 216,169 310,722 1,058,206 337,416 3,405,482 3,413,188 2,057,168 2,558,650 2,975, 549 4,623,199 6.247,709 4,589,371 4,054.889 3,027,884 4,437,402 5,700,872 6,003, 551 5, 417,461 5,379,923 1,648,176 936,259 1,172,250 828, 494 1,574,910 513,885 842,432 1,009,388 728,163 816,244 662,698 644,267 645,736 663,487 Austral- Other asia. countries. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars.................... b 6,269,630 1,309,946 203,606 9,644,783 2,871,974 219,820 12,645,258 1,035,007 479,039 9,920,566.. '................. b 9,709,586 890,253 282,404 10,099,069 1,303,824 308,522 8,444,610 1,452,952 241,058 9,628,643...... 137,288 10,630,057 428,337 167,003 11,264,476 472,930 183,791 11,000,090..... 361,830 11,668,007 373,535 455,753 11,487,552..... 1.......... i..............1 -(e)............(............ e) 1............ 17,071,451......... 730,111 23,992,980 559,265 300.294 17,389,492 614, 533 86,841 18,466,384 130,570 81, 663 13,576,582 28,376 104,866 15,446,147 238,930 246,252 15,828,096 186, 437 85,337 16, 612,278 167,063 412,619 21,105,257 124,449 51,900 21,875,315 139,153 113,785 18,440,613 226,322 15,301 22,977,613 176,426 88,183 19,793,383 1.12,211 20,551,434....... 43,245 20,113,847 316,180 19,447,997 221 158,994 19,404, 434 86,268 1,126,927 25,671,322 247 1,337,578 21,547,541 9,950 1,189,339 20, 878,359............ 568, 693 19,163,950 46,579 1,314,766 22,183,223 1,278,259 355,636 16,541,842 621,892 1,161,440 22,990,373 621,200 186,182 24,1503,353 285,682 526,511 28,671,904 395,614 616,394 32,396,746 465, 396 567,251 29,149,5C60 493,364 665,154 33, 454,774 462,062 849,732 31,917.134 a Hongkong included under China from 1856 to 1867 and from 1888 to 1894; under British East Indies from 1873 to 1887. b Distribution by countries not reported. c Includes Cochin China and Japan, not separately reported. d Included under China. e Figures not available. THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 35 IMPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES INTO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1885 TO 1905, BY COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN. [Compiled by the Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Department.] PAPER AND PAPEIR MANTUFACTURES. YEAR. 1885.. -.............. 1886.... —..-..-. ---... — 1887-..................... 1888..... ----. —.-....-. — 1889...................... 1890.............-... —..1891..................... 1892...................... 1893...................... 1894-..................... 1900..................... 1901 9(1................ 1902...................... 1903................ 1904................ 1905....-..-..... ---.-. United States. Dollars. 1,444 17 1........................... 12 284 110 62, 764 299,541 172,793 146,668 309,130 128,599 United Kingdom. Germany. France. Spain. I~~~~~~i~rngdo. Spin. China. British East Hongkong.a Indies. Dollars. 30,254 32,516 43,505 46,131 31,223 91,433 80,468 41.604 15,187 14,326 16,049 23,385 24,882 33,089 37,104 28,069 Dollars. I Dollars. 37,579 15,042 71,137! 7,524 36,821 16,397 Do, 4oo 75,394 2,634 18,612 17,308 44,590.44,024 84,168 103,911 61,760 57,868 70,427 41.389 1o, uoo 18,679 229 8,777 37,774 34,409 29,586 73,421 75,614 85,845 123,151 97,674 58.501 Dollars. 83,234 78,679 46,158 89,954 58,049, 108,247 163,748 201,173 201,051 233,201 103,855 143,212 138,063 130,478 166,231 68,905 Dollars Dollars. Dollars. 197,802.............. 36,841 162, 736.......... 46,873 164,645............... 43,332 107,619..11,976 134,447.............. 9,073 181.109............. 9,272 252,278.............. 4,650 209,787............. 3,013 100,601......... 99 103,545 117 19,408 24,407 3,156 42,138 1,951 5,985 46,881 7,338 8,050 43,608 4,290 1,972 34,179 13,342 3,982 28,766 1,609 4,865 Other countries. Dollars. 23,750 39,107 49,413 40,782 65,086 49,347 25,851 28,103 36,967 19, 289 75,877 82, 856 67,287 66,534 80,103 92,488 Total. Dollars. 425,946 438, 589 400,272 379,968 391,961 442, 271 554,384 538,774 433,188 444,198 463,105 778,593 612,899 607,658 812,172 453,191 WOOD AND WOOD MANUFACTURES. 1885................ - 6,285 59,903 85,162 33,398 19,612 14013..68,571 15,384 302,328 1886..................... 10,865 142,530 122,649 92,781 19,566 10,290... 114,773 92,706 606,160 1887...................... 9,387 64,674 23,909 13,576 18,476 6,197........... 62,583 23,798 222,600' 1888.................. 908 66,061 47,281 17,130 24,823 23,230 11,066 40,748 231,247 1889.................. 617 21,522 62,262 27,812 5,809 99,327.............. 15,682 24,738 257,769 1890...................... 4,715 124,675 13,914 2,719 19,254 156,418...-.-........ 17,641 60,293 399,629 1891..................... 404 23,661 4, 083 469 31,875 141,290.............. 55,000 12,406 269,188 1892-.................... 538 7,608 4,162 2,769 33,133 36,105.............. 197 3,874 88,386 1893...................... 546 4,833 14,884 2,486 10,686 26,592............. 89 3,745 63,861 1894....................10.. 8,628 12,285 3,104 31,893 20,796...115 2,477 79,398 1900...................... 10,692 8,557 56,171 11,042 16,198 8,604. 36,030 43,568 32,642 223,504 1901...................... 81,716 14,905 86,237 23,556 14,614 41,643 14,932 123,917 131,052 532,572 1902................ 230,803 14,860 65,135 13,350 18,696 21,459 20,743 49,061 40,131 474,238 1903...................... 225,704 8,406 83,172 16,415 15,856 23,333 1,4,900 28,316 123,608 539,710 1904................ 310,197 3,763 52,157 7,729 4,933 22,605 10,919 24,194 187,321 623,818 1905...................... 206,819 7,437 31,757 12,384 6,629 21,183 8,234 33,216 169,486 497,145 TYEAR. AI?United United States. Kingdom. 1885..............-...-................. 1886............................... 1887.................................... 1888.................................... 1889.................................... 1890................................... 18901 --- —-- ------------------- 1891........:..................... 1892.......................... 1893..................... 1894.................... 1900.................................... 1901............................ 1902..................... 1903.............................. 1904.............................. 1905................................... II -- -- I- - -- - - - - - - I Dollars. 80,032 347,666 340,475 279,256 383,039 527,169 273,800 137,496 732,030 212,951 12,003 124,342 326,999 331,543 423,950 514, 271 Dollars. 33,313 492 697..........141 125 20,596 25,748 36,527 37,961 58,528 10,587 34,189 8,152 20,099 42,112 OILS. Briti, Spain. Russia. China. Hongkong.a Itn Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Do....................... ------------—....................................... 49,158.......................................... 110,740.............. 82....... —. 455,674............. 213............. 194,913.............. 339 248,654 35,530............ 1,272 262,956 94,098............. 383 374,637 108,837.......... 2,005 255, 912 5,830 71, 609 40,662 281,619 61,237 10,589 4,639 191,341 58,074 11,174 912 256,518 31,792 3,377 368 350,458 33,293 1,922 28,444 150,497 2,512 4,111 sh East dies. liars. 23,968 79,210 5,160 49 15 114 5,340 64,470 8,372 6,831 16,066 14,423 58,025 5,909 8,582 7,569 Other countries. Dollars. 90 50 63 3,243 91,431 55,209 1,386 2,528 7,258 15,856 66,555 46,567 33,388 62,699 Total. Dollars. 137,403 427,418 346,332 328,470 493,998 986,407 586,293 567,446 1,136,641 744,128 429,211 559,315 750,996 684,770 872,060 832,215 CHEMICALS, DRUGS, PAINTS AND DYES. YEAR. United United States. Kingdom. Germany. France. 1885...................... 1886...................... 1887................ 1888............. —...... 1889................... 18900............... 1891...-.......... 1892...................... 1893.......-.............. 1894.....................1900...................... 1901.... --- —............... 1902.. ---..-.-. ---.. —. 1903..................... 1904................... 1905...................... Dollars. 4,563 4,880 3,533 170 1,975 3,992 1,675 871 2,469 2,166 46,546 57,222 97,237 88,786 140,904 65,142 Dollars. 57,025 34,566 60,934 59,908 42,053 122,859 88, 870 70,768 69,115 59,566 137,552 187,823 208, 689 205,156 188,138 56,580 Dollars. 36,852 49,137 21,917 33,803 36,336 6,389 4,931 5,550 20,365 17,966 84,030 99,845 109,524 88,645 81,179 55,847 Dollars. 15,285 11,899 13,888 13,460 9,356 1,850 I,602 13,542 11,111 17,690 34,360:38,961 42,159 58,026 32,397 42,161 Spain. Dollars. 8,362 10,520 9,219 7,026 7,443 14,013 47,410 81,607 74,661 71,082 24,238 18,397 31,706 29,661 52,821 16,020 China. Dollars. Dollars. 17,279............ 17,275.............. 4, 617.............. 287,632.............. 215,454.............. 286,675.............. 104,737 i............ 31,963.............. 39,471.............. 42,510 111,4011 454,482 351,043 46,323 276,992 95,217 309,664 71,628 249,744 55,258 135,460 2, 670 IHongkong.a British East Indies. Dollars. 260,589 236,697 260,535 4,824 113,967 140,925 47,441 4,840 7,748 4,518 133,886 690,964 112,238 359,583 484,606 557,811 countrier Total. countries. Dollars. 4,579 3,615 5,348 7,287 10,524 13,989 41,811 6, 648 5,639 4,258 26,548 25,441 27,640 63,506 76,897 111,588 Dollars. 404,534 368,589 379,991 414,110 437,108 590,692 338,477 215,789 230,579 219,756 1,053,043 1,516,019 1,001,402 1,274,655 1,361,944 1,043,279 a Hongkong included under British East Indies from 1885 to 1887 and under China from 1888 to 1894. 36 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES INTO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1885 TO 1.905, BY COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN-Continued. GLASS AND EARTHEN WAREll, EART AND STONE. United States. Dollars. 1885...................... 559, 1886-..-. —.......-....... 3 1887....1.............. 118 1888 —.-.... --- —-—.. ---.- 1889 ---.....................51 1890 —. ----......... ---- - 35 1891............................. 1892.-.-. --- —-.-. --- —- 115 1893............. 1,147 1894..................... 574 1900..............202,896 1901...-.. —.... —... — 318,460 1902.-.... —.......-..... -- 55,093 1903.-..-..-. —.... --- —--- 33,948 1904.................. 42,190 19-5..o —........ — 27,5104 KmUnited n Germany. Spain. Belgium. China. Hongkong.a British East ~Kingdom. I I I~I China. llongkongs Indies. Dollars. 42,544 64,011 89,068 181,856 321,416 157,060 118,788 96, 825 90,036 81,559 38,191 118,146 83,494 99,672 64,710 48,439 Dollars. 68,313 87,409 39,858 58,874 97,101 50,275 23,760 44,180 121,549 70,037 65,068 155,245 140,612 123,903 86,787 48,767 Dollars. 24,755 3,638 7,437 2,993 8,358 5,692 23,923 29,903 24,024 27,095 24,137 46,703 39,651 40,060 20,498 15,973 Dollars. 5,076 12,437 9,880 12,159 69,514 101,469 36, 992 45,632 30,833 24,012 19,652 28,718 33,621 16,295 26,224 17,726 Dollars. 14,087 22,691 27,260 93,862 179,447 193,843 157,068 126,289 131,937 161,990 22,958 85,013 58,030 57,016 169,305 64,794 Dollars........ 6,95i 26,048 40,435 34,581 22,612 2,919 Dollars. 156,604 59,771 67,059 9,745 16,447 6,621 5,872 3,511 1,574 2,363 19,931 27,853 6,160 3,347 3,851 10,854 Other countries. Dollars. 21,277 22,717 12,516 25,505 20,920 13,385 12,589 24,531 39,216 24,850 64,903 81,690 83,534 79,025 50,829 23,481 Total. Dollars. 333,215 272,677 253,196 384,995 713,254 528,380 378,992 370,986 440,316 392,480 544,687 887,876 540,630 487,847 487,006 260,457 FISH AND FISHI PRODUCTS. -— _C --- —— ~l~-C — -II I? I I YEAR. United United Spai. States. Kingdosm. I China. I ongkong.a I British East Other Total. Indies. countries. Dollars. 1885 —.....-...-..-...... --- —-- —. -----......... 136 1886............................ 275 1887 -.. ----..-.... — - -................ ----............... 1888............................. -- -—....- 35 1889.... —.... —......-..-...-..... —. --- —-----...-. — I 16,823 1890...-....... ---...... -.... 36 1891...-.........-..-.-....... ---......... —... 20 1892.............-....-...-.... —.. —. —..... 1 42 1893......-............... --- - -- -- - -. -................ 1894 -.. —...... —................ --- —------.......... 1900..............................-.......... 5,452 1.901................................................ 7,453 1902 --- —---------------------- 74,562 1903.................3.................. i.... 45,29 6 1904............... 39,370 1905 —, ---.. -. —........-.-.-..- -..-.-. --- —.-..-.....- 70,964 Dollars. 1,554 3,117 1,711 2,272 3,510 5,613 13,464 3,193 2,627 2,927 3,471 4,718 53,186 19,315 18,903 6,696 Dollars. 587 294 112 1,548 3,086 2,170 2,011 1,643 1,890 3,210 33,458 57,468 204,846 117,402 69,520 82,180 Dollars. 2,957 5,594 2,463 32,369 321,791 48,975 48,374 41,155 33,451 31,689 12,488 75,540 119,393 71,360 78,276 72,681 Dollars. 50,035 1,676 24,213 682 154 271 Dollars. 98,511 21,043 32,306 6,632 5,251 5,008 6,148 4,440 4,411 9,281 4,264 7,478 23,473 4,074 9,683 5,913 Dollars. 3,304 2,369 2,818 3,470 5,347 1,132 564 1,382 5,802 8,121 11,212 15,472 48,368 20,442 16,375 16,589 Dollars. 107,049 32,692 39,410 46,326 355,808 62,934 70,581 51,855 48,181 55,228 120,380 169,805 548,041 278,571 232,281 255,294 LIQUORS AND BEVERAGES. I I I I I I I I_- - -— _r^ - 1 —~ — ~ - YEAR. United United I British East Othe Germany. France. Spain. China. Hongkong.a ies c te Total. States. Kingdom. - Indies. countries. — l1-11- -— 1 --- —---------— ~ --- —— I --- — -1 ---1 — Ii ---- ----------- i --- —------- ----- 1885-...... —....... --- —1886...... —. --- —---—.. 1887.. —............... 1888......-...-........ 1889.-........ —......... 1890.... —................ 1891.......-...... --- —-.. 1892.....-................ 1893...............-.... 1894...................... 1900.................. 1901.............. 1902...................... 1903.....-....... 1904...................... 1905...................... Dollars. 2, 146 28 304 33 199 242 23 270 1,512 1,067,102 899,655 708,389 397,890 315,012 285,133 Dollars. 74,121 64,998 88,494 71,806 63,197 104,085 85,851 91,612 83,763 72,597 69,046 108,538 115,288 92,075 99,700 93,365 Dollars. 90,209 61,094 53,641 61,531 69,067 7,769 17,714 50,059 65,692 44,952 47,690 33,501 29,329 44,679 47,839 36,769 Dollars. 30,78.5 11,025 3,812 16,224 90,720 361 761 14,375 32,351 32,283 84,365 124,577 88,991 59,346 57,832 71,631 Dollars. 817,994 666,614 1,014,454 169,384 270,051 281,160 695,968 1,001,980 1,078,623 978,516 161,344 193,680 283,702 214,446 183,451 151,850 Dollars. 3,059 1,194 3,999 26,085 80,519 69,367 61,410 72,607 18,050 19,059 2,886 28,975 12,384 9,278 6,700 4,950 Dollars. 36,793 65,984 9,085 3,345 2,749 Dollars. 271,042 87,624 58,278 40,977 107,208 46,399 17,737 28,021 14,596 19,758 44,391 49,225 37,908 18,690 9,489 13,508 Dollars. 44,265 161,003 42,169 58,115 189,817 59,172 23,521 72,813 48,323 29,543 31,945 84,477 108,044 82,054 65,083 74,520 Dollars. 1,333,621 1,053,580 1,265,151 444,155 970,778 568,555 902,985 1,331,467 1,341,668 1,198,220 1,711,243 1,559,421 1,450,019 927,543 788,455 734,471 I I I i I I I I I --- —------- ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS. 1885............-.. ---. 1,924 1886...................... 899 1887...................... 1,959 1888.................... 1 1889......-........ ----... 633 1890...................... 431 1891.................. 776 1892...................... 25 1893...................... 1,232 1894......................1 1,140 1900.............. 19,041 1901............... 74,451 1902................... 106,460 1903...................... 130,306 1904...................... 202,097 1905..-............. 250,173 19,810 34,659 25,104 37,005 46,487 65,295 47,265 43,519 32,489 25,160 20,525 31,406 46,874 40,444 24,686 30,337 26,560 19,279 15,254 8,311 17,924 1,173 35,719 9,804 39,532 20,085 74,254 57,192 54,198 36,507 31,583 30,558 9,728 6,673 6,831 9, 973 7,182 1,482 3,331 4,431 14,307 13,151 27,721 33,127 16,849 21,586 13,200 16,537 21,848 18,465 9,714 12,047 12,294 30,782 112,930 81,790 177,782 131,942 106,953 187,305 404,372 346,336 193,213 190,194 5,079 4,607 5,595 19,695 22,167 28,413 45,510 17,942 12,444 24,324 8,270 55,080 212,545 723,087 776,331 1,031,003.......-i;65i' 42,490 335,270 143,661 23,089 6,182 18,060 17,263 14,909 10,706 9,603 9,510 13,304 5,962 356 596 97,164 166,510 172,669 31,174 7,503 8,848 3,594 6,893 4,525 8,020 6,179 12 864 14,763 4,792 3,929 6,125 24,778 44,748 80,163 91,326 88,468 111,587 106,603 108,738 83,891 105,758 122,469 149,950 273,598 168,265 282,071 222,523 409,797 692,309 1,429,400 1,564,427 1,360,170 1,675,419 a Hongkong included under British East Indies from 1885 to 1887 and under China from 1888 to 1894. THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 37 IMPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES INTO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1885 TO 1905, BY COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN-Continued. CEREALS AND CEREAL. PRODUCTS (EXCEPT RICE). YEAR. United United States. Kingdom. na 2/y. Elpain, i ('llnLL.. T -British East I Other Total. -many. ISpain. China. Tlongkong.a indies. cotuntries. I S~~~~~~~~~~Ttl Gern 1885......................... 1886................................... 1887................................ 1888................................. 1889......................... 1890................................. 1891.................................... 1892......................... 1893.................................... 1894.......................... 1900.................................... 1901......................... 1902................................. 1903.................................... 1904.................................... 1905................................... Dollars.. 146 2 191 84,022 5,615 45,682 177,261 124,580 149, 405 555,003 703,240 838,456 782,377 589,493 Dollars. 509 569 3,262 2,359 635 577 2,169 873 1,132 664 16, 478 12,535 38, 491 33,966 21,278 27,371 Dollars. 228 742 15 542 517 59 306 229 705 1,040 45, 535 37, 768 40,250 48,574 49, 604 2, 480 Dollars. 5,822 6,534 10,096 9,925 10,148 10,930 13, 665 5,600 10,113 4, 632 15,235 14, 588 29,257 17,253 8,983 7,132 Dollars. 2,940 1,892 10,333 423, 812 382,695 735,231 428, 437 553,679 392,831 385, 557 37, 498 72,207 128,515 75,620 78,373 72,553 Dollars. Dollars. -..............- 500,887.-. -............ 460,941.............. 433,870.............. 2,811..............- 2,573........-...... l 22,500......_........ 890 571..............! 914...-.....-...- 794 374,490 i 26, 851 1,231 10,888 24,716 36,709 2,867 39, 961 1,170 50,564 937 46,020 Dollars. 2,169 1,658 2,290 1,432 2,037 1,022 987 417 3, 990 2,869 23,924 31, 422 29,838 35,801 49,017 259,283 Dollars. 512,701 472,338 460,057 524,903 398,605 750,319 452,069 607,051 586, 46 520,136 689, 416 735,642 1,031,016 1,092,498 1,041,366 1,005,269 RICE. CINA. BRITISH EAST INDIES.j FRENCII EAST INDIES. SIAM. OTHER COUNTRIES. TOTAL. YEAR. /................ ---------—.. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Pounds. Dollars. Pounds. Dollars. Pounds. Dollars. I Pounds. Dollars. ] Pounds. Dollars. Pounds. Dollars. 1885........... 36,574 1,238 52,730,117 709,781 35,882,206 457,070 4,856,714 71,430 59,024 2,578 93, 5(64,635 1,242,097 1886. —...... 3,192,054 31,164 85,041,546 1,416,189 50,183,080 584,130 -----........ 918,174 12,133 139,334,854 2,043,616 1887.......- - 479, 478 5, 455 100,754,235 1,004,678 65,734,034 702,980 2,590,140 35,750,783,598 64,:819 176, 341, 485 1,813,682 1888.......... 33,983,900 620,916 25, 667, 471 203,180 111,014, 626 1,030,552 7,440,252 99,107 3,652,970 41,347181,759,219 1,99, 102 1889........... 45,776,092 1,790,190 18,588,061 147, 423 120, 661,958 1,878,238 2,961,091 40,940 323,465 6,029 188,310, 667 3,862, 820 1890-. — ---- 20,118,924 268,963 15, 809,323 147, 429 120,053, 6 3 1, 145, 603 — 912,255 10, '284 156, 894,138 1,572,279 1891......-... 28,085,356 282,999 8,034, (78 76,096 141,265,592 1,420,421....................... 4, 8.56, 229 44,078 182, 241,, 855 1,823, 594 1892........... 25,277,950 196, 355 11,719,876 91,037 101,137,608 785, 622........................ 113,129 879 138,248,563 1,073,893 1893. —......... 15,074,391 104, 786 4,293,602 29,847 70,896, 098 492,824.... —............... 125, 18 874 90,389,709 628,331 1894........... 13,818, 543 80,551 9,165,192 51,864 74,739,485 424, 664 -.. --- ——......-.....,198,692 6, 800 98,921,912 563,879 1900.. ---...-.. 201,121,848 2,478, 890 8,292,064 132,181 44, 070, 934 741, 498 1, 894-, 442 31,811 66,134,825 980,676 321,514,113 4,365,056 1901......... 107,987,106 1,448,231 52,685,988 702,969 173, 767, 827 2,283, 704 40,561,035 653,990 1,209, 433 19,447 376,211,389 5,108,341 1902........ 177,090,981 2,439,011 17,541,887 250,062 412,894,601 5,572,027 26, 625,302 436, 30 5,307,306 86,928 639, 460,077 8,784,388 1903.. —....... 101,884,851 1,663,848 90,940,942 1,547,634 474, 068, 030 8,152,068 58,281,754 989,090 11,907,597 199,742 737,083,174 12,552,382 1904.................................... 66, 510, 582 874, 405 489,039,371 6,371,981 29, 832,405 455, 6i09 498, 209 8,759 585, 880, 567 7,710, 754 1905........... 1,232 32 33,108,515 468,610 i 384,651,049 5, 335,050 c 65,522,71)8 c 939,158 128,380 3,125 483,411,974 6, 745,975 MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS. YEAR. United United States. | Kingdom. Germany. I Spain. China. Hlongkong.a British East Indies. Dollars. 1885................................. 18,044 1886............... —.. ---........ 688 1887.................................... 10,688 1888................................... 835 1889................................ --- —------—.. 930 1890.................................... 221 1891.. 1............... 1,308 1892..................................... 9 950 1893.................................... 14,274 1894..................................... 5,636 1900.................................... 55,918 1901................................... 25,545 1902......................... 108,461 1903........................... 97,961 1904........................... 101,119 1905................................. 143,076 Dollars. 39,758 39,860 24,712 33,873 56, 640 64,692 88,047 73,571 91,772 45,107 46,007 45,577 96, 103 73,717 54,591 35,818 Dollars. 15, 623 18,827 5,700 18,114 24, 623 2,979 3,591 4,567 19,138 14,628 7,078 8,654 3,098 2,202 1,753 1,747 Dollars. 214,437 166,097 255,665 107,655 51,379 149,910 247,369 328,335 417,081 345,462 29,851 52, 407 6(0, 592 64.698 51,191 35,991 Dollars. 18,063 9,420 10,178 101,558 95,251 84,516 127,377 113,076 111,253 105,451 44,969 148,214 263,1968 320,274 321,711 270,163 Dollars. I Dollars. I.............. 103,702............... 99,1642......... ---.. 96,336 '..............,: 15,837 14,5(i8.............. 14,3568.............. 13,703....-. -.......... 10,208....-......... i 5,603.............. 5,332 80, 28"2 3,221 5, 386 2,470 38, 620 5,828 5,884 1,594 1,852 1,559 2,007 3,505 Other countries. Dollars. 9,795 11,620 9,865 15, 0(2 16,073 19,218 10,197 12,893 12,872 10. 740 42,077 69, 484 167, 719 80, 6)07 394,123 516,188 Total. Dollars. 419,422 344,154 413,144 292,964 259, 464 334,895 491,592 552,600 671,993 532,356 3(19, 403 357,737 744, 389 646,937 927,899 1,008, 495 a Hongkong included under British East Indies from 1885 to 1887, and under China fronm 1888 to 1894. b longkong included under British East Indies from 1885 to 1887; under China from 1888 to 1894, and under " Other Countries " from 1900 to 1904. c Include all other Asia, not elsewhere specified. 38 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPI$(ES IN 1906.' IMPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES INTO THE PHILIPPINE ISLA'SS DURING SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1885 TO 1905, BY COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN-Continued. DAIRY PRODUCTS. YEAR. 1885...................... 1886...................... 1887...................... 1888...................... 1889...................... 1890...................... 1891...................... 1892...................... 1893-..................... 1894...................... 1900...................... 1901...................... 1902..................... 1903...................... 1904..................... 1905...................... U nited United ranc ates. Kningdo France. Spain. Netherlands. China. llongkong.a I - -- I - -- I - -- I Dollars. Dollars. 383 10,286 85 14,999 952 15,682 400 12,640 320 19,730 729 22,543.............. i 30,638.......-......! 20,590.............. 15,420............. 12,847 33, 520 37,244 25,474 97,333 51,088 130,904 63,012 122,333 89,752 102,262 99,760 136,661 Dollars. 5,587 5,597 105 5,362 8,257 3,549 5,278 1,854 4,202 19,964 10,716 13,021 26,517 30,248 11,121 Dollars. 550 654 1,459 1,477 885 1,658 5,292 2,056 4,113 4,579 6,065 1,069 419 463 747 1,271 Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 227 92.............. 2,089 261.............. 804 156.............. 425 6,642.............. 3,868 8,072............... 119 4,419.............. 404 3,814.............. 1,303 3,316.............. 10,583 2,290.............. 4,708 1,614.............. 12,952 13,657 79,408 18,913 18,306 2,647 19,982 35,824 18,509 11,998 39,277 2,453 11,574 25,135 305 21,454 24,354 504 British East Other To Indies. countries. oa Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 25,693 9,299 52,117 30,028 5,518 59,231 7,983 5,475 32,616 2,633 9,593 39,172 1,452 8,774 51,358 2,420 5,416 37,304 2,178 7,632 53,507 414 6,100 39,057 720 16,925 51,905 319 15,068 43,337 3,400 29,777 235,987 5,644 38,263 218,365 5,785 63,423 338,955 62 58,961 325,076 791 80,143 340,957 555 100,946 396,626 COTTON AND COTTON MANUFACTURES. YEAR. 1885...................... 1886...................... 1887...................... 1888......... —.......... 1889..................... 1890..................... 1891..................... 1892..................... 1893...................... 1894..................... 1900..................... 1901..................... 1902..................... 1903...................... 1904...................... 1905...................... United United rmn States. Kingdom. Ge any. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 6,976 5,082,133 230,664 13,167 3,718,982 217,559 778 3,299,224 91,167 675 5,230.,720 157,999 1,655 3,379,980 190,678 2 3,098,610 15,011 2,725 2,675,023 43,076 1,174 3,716,426 94,827 420 2,931,104 313,833 634 2,526,377 268,001 99,594 4,188,773 582,850 116,335 3,480,279 635,718 385.730 3,416,966 693,196 346,009 2,585,605 324,165 442,083 2,556,888 298,173 866,098 3,344,478 286,856 Spain. Switzerland. China. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 140,833 117,211 5,209 279,069 58,665 1,433 103,964 53,928 6,689 101,637 53,709 232,390 537,134 42,612 165,504 288,092 936 158,839 1,207,592 8,229 221,722 1,544,626 30,737 503,485 2,122,020 159,929 226,736 2,533,377 112,147 341,590 1,233,590 572,458 107,896 804,094 549,311 211,433 1,108,591 443,950 168,764 630,476 287,228 95,992 891,189 365,303 224,428 965,298 438,706 271,466 on oa British East Other Hongkong.a Indies. countries. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars............... 531,043 70,251.............. 686,889 92,934............. 453,085 103,782.............. 388,451 169,078.............. 988,022 355,921.............. 1,747,202 94,275.............. 1,057,562 98,642............. - 570,771 99,540.............. 12,893 126,333............. 25,454 93,635 764,970 697,188 535,757 6,054 683,458 623,637 100,553 392,599 535,080 7,753 309,500 482,060 10,506 329,814 461,298 12,372 369,437 272,134 Total. Dollars. 6,184,320 5,068,698 4,112,617 6,334,659 5,661,506 5,402,967 5,314,571 6,561,586 5,893,268 5,901,215 8,783,076 7,110,319 7,245,429 5,068,788 5,579,682 6,826,845 YEAR. 1885...................... 1886...................... 1887...................... 1888...................... 1889...................... 1890-.................... 1891...................... 1892...................... 1893..................... 1894...................... 1900................... 1901...................... 1902...................... 1903...................... 1904...................... 1905..................... SILK, WOOL, VEGETABLE FIBERS, AND THEIR MANUFACTURES. United United British East Other States. King m. Germany. France. Spain. China. Hongkong.a I. Total. States. Kingdom. Indies. countries. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 306 729,903 212,986 100,481 53,256 38,845......... 284,103 53,739 1,473,619 3,442 490,311 265,571 89,729 44,504 45,682......... 297,506 56,716 1,293,461........... 339,778 107,541 80,136 198,307 47,976............ 269,907 77,650 1,121,295 731' 513,338 242,194 170,119 26,263 350,289....... 109,482 135,180 1,547,596 850 483,634 421,396 135,802 20,046 215,646.............. 135,304 55,004 1,467,682 39 546,318 42,142 6,874 23,688 432,748............. 196,715 175,604 1,424,128 869,070 100,372 18,976 270,679 640 894..375,585 171,161 2,446,737 1,599 213,978 139.760 99,859 411,055 366,406..69,193 139,834 1,441,684 7,102 226,453 362,735 163,414 497,394 282,823.............. 7,362 65,880 1,613,163 5,511 162,552 245,518 119,940 350,739 234,468.......... 11,684 47,375 1,177,787 9,480 61,880 156,291 129,557 48,252 127,563 232,853 60,544 123,644 950,064 36, 481 157.066 247,428 250,128 96,546 485,213i 23,032 82,225 365,044 1,743,163 33,207 207,672 310,570 273,283 152,601 455,525 60,733 47,380 281,976 1,822,947 23,833 158,933 202,452 157,184 80,150 345,879 19,585 30,127 189,519 1,207,662 61,329 146,152 176,788 119.850 49.320 318,865 34,483 23,701 152,681 1 083,169 33,802 128,397 142,261 119,417 34,199 298,045 23,274 47,393 119,840 946,628 JEWELRY, AND MIANUFACTURES OF GOLD AND SILVER. 1885..42 28,776 44,786 25,578 9,435 2,398.............. 30,053 1886........................ 11,659 20,567 10,401 29,775 4,387.............. 10,097 1887...................... ' 11,807 10,536 7,017 10,349 3,454.............. 4,203 1888...................... 443 18,264 36,192 29,045 2,577 19,909..........476 1899..................... 18,819 34,526 18,823 1,461 16,191.............. 1,541 1890"............................ 15,045 4,942 448 430 26,177.............. 19,026 1891..................... 26,877 2,084 16,161 3,484 '23,020............. 4,155 1892.................... 22,613 3,496 8,724 2,359 7,470.............. 3,637 1893.................. 2,271 11,083 8,910 1,940 2,670..............169 1894............' 7 3,473 6,360 13,780 1,965 3,306.............564 19.00............... 7,458 5,104 5,456 165,382 275 1,069 8,120 6,358 1901............18,378 4,374 20,537 612,512 2,342 5,947 2,040 10,432 1902..................... 14,320 1,513 22,087 149,046 918 2,841 7,760 9,816 1903..... 11,825 314 13,123 291,047 1,322 1,922 2,518 4,200 1904..................... 8,594 1,530 24,699 102,024208 1,159 2,321457 1905..................... 26,496 966 35,568 141,329800 1,237 2,296 1,945 a Hongkong included under British East Indies from 1885 to 1887, and under China from 1888 to 1894. 3,831 144,899 12,563 99,449 17,494 64,860 16,233 123,139 22,217 113,578 36,027 102,095 15,616 91,397 27,712 76,011 1,998 29,041 4,783 34,238 11,931 211,153 19,308 695,870 9,502 217,803 6,005 332,276 2,416 143,408 9,960 220,597 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 39 IMPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES INTO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING SPECIFIED CALENDAR YEARS, 1885 TO 1905, BY COUNTRIES od ORIGIN-Continued. IRON AND STEEL AND THEIR MANUFACTURES. United United British Other YEAR. States. Kingdom Germany. France. Spain. China. Ilongkong.a East s. countries. Total. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 1885...................... 2,969 383.489 100,445 9,035 7,593 2,186 -.....-........ 45,128 22,281 573,126 1886................. 1,559 468,403 126,735 5,799 28,081 6,986 1.............. 36,772 36,174 710,509 1887...................... 775 448,238 53,070 5,096 5,526 4,652.............. 31,010 37,356 585,723 1888...................... 3,607 391,984 79,332 7,441 13,872 21,842.............. 5,944 32,735 556,757 1889................... 100,519 616,095 94,303 7,840 9,610 70,728........... 21,022 83,045 1,003,162 1890...................... 455 1,051,625 18,201 499 28,564 123,516.............. 24,020 255,355 1,502,235 1891................... 78 597,219 18,020 1,142 73,524 71,254.............. 19,945 90,086 871,268 1892.................. 3,481 614,078 48,194 4,330 82,686 54,478.11,457 35,096 853,800 1893...................... 8,206 537,289 150,319 15,801 75,126 23,350..4,692 16,208 830,991 1894...................... 1,562 396,199 123,443 18,700 109,335 16,168............ 2,178 16,586 684,171 1900................. 175,543 673,734 250,944 134,796 23,100 8,322 111,651 41,737 67,859 1,487,686 1901.................... 609,533 739,535 427,358 257,922 16,195 41,634 11,351 276,965 83,069 2,463,562 1902..................... 534,010 811,471 433,280 99,680 29,789 21,487 | 57,933 33,535 119,271 2,140,456 1903............... 557,327 822,104 491,748 142,778 18,262 25,761 43,612 16,507 152,548 2,270,647 1904............. 1,100,482 744,329 304,093 104,315 23,729 32,608 44,356 21,874 92,316 2,468,102 1905..................... 1,125,204 925,138 296,749 74,026 14,451 34,449 22,307 4,862 80,425 2,577,611 a Hongkong included under British East Indies from 1885 to 1887, and under China from 1888 to 1894. SUMMARY OF FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE, BY GREAT GROUPS, D)UieING THE FISCAL YEARS 1904 TO 1906. [From the Summary of Commerce of the Philippine Islands, published by the War Department, June, 1906.] 1904 1905 1906 1904 1905 1906 GROUPS. I — GROUPS. Value Per ValuePer V.alue Per Value. Vaue. Per Value. Per cent. cent. cent. cent. cent. cent IMPORTS. Free of duty: Articles of food and animals............ Manufactured articles Articles in a crude condition, or partly so.................. Articles of voluntary use, luxuries, etc.... Miscellaneous........ Total free of duty... Dutiable: Articles of food and animals............ Manufactured articles Articles in a crude condition, or partly so............ Articles of voluntary use, luxuries, etc.... Miscellaneous........ Total dutiable...... Free and dutiable: Articles of food and animals............ Dollars. 1,353,660 211,994 931 35,232 6,136 84 13 Dollars. 1,301,166 192,779 Dollars. 1,836,539 56,058 84 12 96 3 i...... 2,226..... 439 2 48,030 3 688 1 15,783 1 9,898 1,607,953 100 1,559,984 100 1,903,622 100 15,045,075 48 10,975,516 37 7,395,720 31 13, 543,244 43 15,380,222 53 14, 218,113 60 1,000,150 3 1,011,719 4 805,530 3 1,920,686 6 1,846,414 6 1,350,648 6 103,653. 102,495. 125,633. IMPORTS-continued. Free and dutiable-Con. Manufactured articles Articles in a crude condition, or partly so.................. Articles of voluntary use, luxuries, etc.... Miscellaneous....... Total free and dutiable.............. Per cent of free........... Total import duty collected.............. EXPORTS. Products of agriculture... Products of manufacture. Products of forest....... Products of mining.... Miscellaneous products... Total exports...... Dollars. 13,755,238 1,001,081 1,955,918 109,789 42 3 6 Dollars. 15,573,001 1,013,945 1,894,444 118,278 51 3 6...... 805,969 1,351,336 135,531 Dollars. 14,274,171 55 33,220,761 100 30,876,350 100 25,799,266 100............ 5 5............ 5............ 7 6,736,505...... 6,664,431. 6,064,456...... 28,281,723 94 30,472,654 94 30, 077,363 94 1,354,673 4 1,414,941 4 1,398,890 5 210,887 1 151,086 1 106,651...... 508...... 3,186...... 5,828...... 402, 836 1 310, 748 1 328,402 1 30,250,627" 100 32,352,615 10 31,917,134 100 3 5 1 31,612,808 100 29,316,366 100 23,895,644 100 Total export duty collected.................. 1,390,913 1,300,666 1,290, 234 16,398,735 49 12,276,682 40 9,232,259 36 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF GOLD AND SILVER DI)UTRING TIHE FISCAL YEARS 1904 TO 1906. 40 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. SUMMARY OF FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS-Continued. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS, INCLUDING GOLD AND SILVER, BY CUSTOMS DISTRICTS, DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1904 TO 1906. IMPORTS. EXPORTS. PORTS. a 1904 1905 1906 1904 1905 1906 Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Manila............................................................................ 28,760,235 26,034,004 21,863,773 27,904,883 26,876,377 23,726,596 Iloilo.......................................................................... 2,447,670 1,817,576 1,683,172 2,831,824 3,796,181 3676, 883 Cebu............................................................... 2,662,961 2,634,414 1,700,752 3,489,224 5,663,913 4,789,274 Jolo............................................................................... 269510 274,110 231,772 120,117 138,355 142,533 Zamboanga,.......................................................................... 152372 187,878 306,851 60,901 86,623 129812 Balabac........................................................................... 2,478 9,845 12,347 2,254 9,725 12,128 Bongao................................................................... 2,430 4,466 4,764 111 4,755 7,452 Cape Melville.................................................................................... Puerto Princessa................................................................. 4,315............................ 450..............I............... Puerto Princessa-..-4..3.15-450.....-.... 45... Jurata....................................................................................................... 2,856............................ 4,401 Sitanki..................................................................................................... 322............................ 617 Total....................................................................... 34,303,480 30,962,293 25,806,609 34,411,623 36,575,929 32,489,696 a Ports of Bongao. Cape Melville, and Puerto Princessa opened October 15,1903. Port of Cape Melville closed and Port of Balabac opened February 25, 1904. Port of Puerto Princessa closed October 15, 1904. Port of Jurata opened July 3, 1905. Port of Sitanki opened February 15, 1906. IMPORTS AND) EXPORTS OF GOL)D AND SILVER, BY COUNTRIES, DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1904 TO 1906. IMPORTS. EXPORTS. COUNTRIES. 1904 1905 1906 1904 1905 1906 Gold ore: Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. United States............................................................................................... la — a_......... 8 Uinited States...-85.........8.............. 8...... 8 U nited K ingdom............................................................................................................. 3,000........................ H ongkong............................................................................... - 250 Total ----3,088............5.......5........8.... T otal...................................................................................................................... 3,085............ 258 Gold bullion: U nited States........................................................................................ 77 24........................ 750 U nited K ingdom.....................................................................................................................,250............ Fraongkongce.....-............................................................2..2............ 345...........................................0.. China................................................................................................. 27................................................ Total.............................................................................................. 2,699 24 3,250 750 Gold coin: United States-........................................................................................ 40,352............................................... France.............................................................................................. 39 262.................................... Spain.......................................................................... 1,042 719 5,052............ 00............ China3................................................................................. 730 6,740................... 6,000............ ongkong......................................4,700................................. 67,000 70,370 18,340 Silver ullion: Spain I-400 Silver coin: United States....-............................................................................. 210,400........................ 10,629 100 United Kingdom............................................................................................................. 130,434 380,000 7,353 G e pany...................................................................................... 1,042...719..0.2....[............ 508............ SS pa n... 7,017...........-........................ 546............ China- - ----... —.......................................... 110,080........................ 146,111 426,530 46,329 Hongkong-............................................................................... 296,633 344 1,450 2,979,933 3,249,953 498,773 Japan..................................................................................... 73 0..........'................................ British East Indies....................................................................... 7,639.........- - -834,433 75,228259 French East Indies............................................................ 152,174........................................................... British East Indies....................................................................... 297,004................................................. Mfex;ico-,l.,.,,,.....,............-297,004. Total................................................................................... 694 1,450 4,090,911 4,143,394 552,814 Total gold and silver1...4.............7...7.......................................... 1,082,719 85,943 7,343 4,60,996 4,223,34 572,562 NUMBER AND NET TONNAGE OF VESSELS ENGAGED IN TIHE CARRYING TRADE DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1904 TO 1906. THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. SUMvMARY OF FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS-Continuled. NATIONALITIES OF VESSELS )DOING TIHE CARRYING TRADE DURING THE FISCAL YEAR 1906. IMPORTS FROM 41 COUNTRIES. American. British. jFrench. I German. Spanish. 'Norwegian. All other. I Total. Dollars. IDollars. D Dollars. Dollars. Doll Dollars. Dollars. Dollars& United States.................-........-.. ---....-................ 790,940 3,181,510 -.-......- - 290,06 70,496 40 864 4,333,917 United Kingdom..................................................... 300,240 1,508,078 22 315,068 3,099,35 9 1,248 5,224,020 ~Germany................................. 23,688 771,790...... 502,017 63, 374 92.. -1,3609 France.............1..-..6.9. 994 3.d3..1.834.1..20.................... 7,264 419, 682 112,769 294,374. ---....... 31834,120 Spain.....-...-..........-............. —............ 82,501 9,890...... 33,802 1,665.984 52 133 1,792,362 Italy -..........................-....................................I 395 127,252 1.......... 8,576 60,661 981 197,865 Austria-Hungary..................-.............................. 1,003 70,509... 11,935 2,146......... 3195 88,788 Belgium..............-..-..............................5..........- 5,456 86,002.......... 138,220 29,843..............259,521 Denmark......................................................... 943 467........ 7,151 1 143............8,704 Malt a..............286 1........ -...........2....... 86 Netherlands........ —...................................... 2,129 0,244 1..8,967 48,825...................... 10,165 Portugal. -.. —.... ---.-.. ----------.......-.. 67 1... -.. -..- 52...............119 Russia -.......... —.-..-..-..... -.....-.. -... -...-..-...... ----. 282 43,298 - - - 348...................43,928 Switzerland...-..- -....-. ---..-.......-....... ---........-. --- —. 1,803 325,9105,630 188,803............ 808 592,954 Sweden and Norway —....................... —...................................... 295..... --- 262............ 1,613 12,170 N orw ay a........................................................................ 1,101 - -.. 182.......... - -............. 1283 Swedei a.............................. 7................................521.......... 93............................1,31428 Turkey........ — -—......................................... 284.......... 9....- 293 China.............................................................. 221,526 2,585,586 1,659 41,736 3557 116 34 2,654,214 ongkong............................................................ 1,809 294,825... 8,146 261 6 694 305,741 Japan....... ---.... ---............................... 141,633 381,215 14,731 17,349............102,458 657,386 British East Indies-......-...-.............-..-..-... --............ 46,284 1,012,244........ 171,816 283,249....,004 1........ 12,004,5597 Dutch East Indies................................................... 15 0,885.......... 14,875 4,677.............70,592 French East Indies................................................. 831,885 2,359,424 49,98 526,250 132 86,538....3,854,217 Aden..........................................5.................. 29-,-825................ ----------—.115 K orea...........................3.1............................4-633 3- ---- --- -312 17 - -, — 39........................! 351 Turkey in Asia....-.. --- - -..-........................5.0. 50 1,0 4....................50 Australasia.................-.............................. 4,895 1,398,853.. -- - 78,492 i 118 29,263 12,047 1,523,668 Other Asia..........................-......................... 1,759 224,077.......... 48,621 4,93 40,239........... 319,289 British Africands - - -....................................................... -........................2.. 4,. 12 6........... 7 8472 CAnar Isla............................................................... 1................... Cana da......ry I l n s.....-.. -............................. -- --- ---..... -............... 1....... ---- --- - ------ -- - - -. - --—........................ Guamt.......A............................................... 14 --- —-------------— 7.................[ 7........14 aawa..............................................543 200...........- 743 G- am........................... -----------------------------------------— 14 --------------- - -----—.. 314 H aw aiiT.............................................................. 543200 I ---------- -.. 1........... ---------- - -743 Totrala........................................................ 2,267,208 14,936,500 66,400 2,4333,373 5,820,663 157,968 i 124,497 25, 806,609 July to September, 190........................................... 518,308 4,396,815.......... 735,675, 1 370, 510 40,453 2,784 7,064,545 October to December, 1905.........7............... 425,6993,578,902 7,387 417,280 577,727 98,776 8,509 6,114,280 January to March, 1906............................................... 606,016 3,734,314 54,175 619,563 1618,80 18,690 13,243 6,664,891 April to June, 1906.............................................. 717,185 3,226,469 4,838 660,855 1,253.536 49 9, 961 5,962,893 Total........................................................... 2,267,208 14,936,500 66,400 2,433,373 5,820,663 157,968 124, 497 25,806,609 EXPORTS TO United States.................................................... 1,248,361 United Kingdom.......................................... 109,939 Germany,..............1................................... 1,244 France......................... —.......................... 1, 475 Spain. Spain.................................................................... | Italy -................................. -........... ---.. 620 Austria-H ungary................................................... - - - - Belgium....... --------................................... 175 Denmark.............................-............................... Gibraltar....................................................... M alta -.................................................................... N etherlands...................................................................... Portugal. -- -. -.. -... Switzerland............................................. China................................................................. 3,076 Hongkong........................................ -------- 95,989 Japan............................................................... 169,117 British East Indies......... -..- -......................... 20.443; Dutch East Indies............................................. 4016! French East Indies................................ -................. -- ------- 181 i Portuguese East Indies.............................................. K oread................ -......................................... Australasia...................................................... -.... - --- Turkey in Asia................. -................................. Otherkey in Asia......1 --......................................., British Africa............. -.............. French Africa...................................................... Egypt................................................. Other Africa................................................................. Canada -...........................! 225 Mexico.......................................................... A rgentina............................................................. Chile.............................................................. Uruguay.............................................i Peru..................................................................,............ Guatemala............................................... j Hl aw aii...................................................... 775:, hanwaii....... 175 Total.......................... 1,655,932 July to September, 1905...................................... 541,002 October to December, 19)5.....54..0................................. 631,540 January to March, 190;.................................. 215, 691 April to June, 1906.............................................. 267, 699 9,509,770...... 822,138....................580, 269 6,877,633 192,052 4,323 323,033 - —... ----......... 7, )506., 980 347,395 4.610 [ 95,141 10,684............ 352 459,426 2,543.005 60,993 5,345 92, 425 85 2, 703, 328 23,750.............. 1,764,045............ 15,66o00 1,803.455 11,320 2,090 7,376 48,824........... 1,030 71,260 4, 375 600 300 4.700............ 369,04(6 379,021 114. 269 19, 461 16, 30 24.(;5.......... 7,961 182 81 7, 350 t 1 945............................. 9,295 1,379 13,896! 251 6,843...... -.. 22,369 - -851.......... -- -i --- —----..............798 16. 676 2,779 1, 464 37,683. - 250 (5,852......... j.......-.......... 7,380 S7380 1,672 818 724............3,214 1.148,900 32,625 255,454........... 311,254 1,000 1,752,309 3, 571,026.......... 265 635. 162,309 81, 185 4,176,144 185,256...... 161,799................i 16,073 532.245 244,157 I 17,065 325, 286 56, 70.......... 125 663, 746 8,567 I 3,252 j 10 222 8,182......i...... 805 35,044 6,129 1.... 25................... 6,335 2(67................................ 2................67 60 80............. 606........................; 746 2,274.......... 1,260.................................3,534 334, 951.......... 8,618 1,020............ 117,473 462062 85 17,473-462......06.................................... 85 4,407.......... 84 827........................ 5,318 8, 760..........it............[ ----------—............-............ 8, 7(0o............ i....................- 70......... 70 166 - -...................... ~ 457 -................... 623 166ir r~ i......... 457.70. 615 750............ 1,840........................ 3,205 10,716. '., /10,941 10,716.......... I............................................10 941............................. 1,661............ 1 661.............. ] 8,422.-..................... 8,437 120......!,.............. 8............120.....'.8 4...8, 4................18,432 4....................... I............. 4 1,89.0............... 65 1,89......I............. 2.665 24,987,934 351,086 i 1, 989,996 2,420,140 473,563 611,045 32, 489.696 6,648,998...... 741,104 641,600 129,298 279,545 8,981, 547 5,605,095 48. 965 4 025 536, 731 49,520 173,93:14 7533.10 6.148.978 123,384! 349, 892 578,122 3, 289 73,350 7,522, 7061 6,584,863 178, 737 410,975 663, 687 261,456 84,216 8, 451. 633 24,987,934 351,086I 1,989,996 2,420,140 | 473,563 611,045 32, 489,696 __ __i__ _____ j___ ____ __ ____ i____ ___ __ _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Total.......................................................... 1,655,932 a Not separately reported prior to January, 1906. 42 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS INTO AND EXPORTS FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, By ARTICLES, DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906. IMPORTS. ARTICLES. 1903 Agricultural implements: Mowers, reapers, and partsI Dollars. of-......... --- —- 94 Plows, cultivators, andI parts of -- 6, 395 All other, and parts of - -.... 22,462 Aluminum, and manufactures of 2, 645 Animals: Cattle............. 729,004 Horses............ 27,197 M ules-............. 9,322 I-logs-............ 3,797 Sheep-....... -- - - 2,275 All other-........... 8,871 Articles brought in baggage. 2,118 Art works...- ---------- 533 Bones, hoofs, horns, etc-..... 24,111 Blacking: Stove polish -------- 23 All other-........... 15,486 Books, music, maps, etc.: Books and maps for use in schools........... 28,844 All other.. — -------- 78,402 'Brass, and manufactures of: Pigs and bars.. ---- ----- 12,534 Manufactures of.. --- —- 99,981 Breadstuffs: Bread and biscuits..96,035 Barley.. — -- - - - -- - - - 219 Bran, middlings, etc....... 19,231 C orn.. — - -- - - - -- - - - 47 Corn meal.. -~........ 164 O ats.. — - -- - - - -- - - - 9,6,55 Oatmeal.. --- —------ 3,232 Macaroni, versnicelli, etc... 7 1, W5 6 Rye..................W heat.. — -- - - - -- - - - 90 Wheat flour.......... 727,9150 Preparations of......... 2,387 All other........... 26,011I Total breadstuffs. --- —- 756,438 Bricks: Building............ 3,644 Fire.............. 2, 929 Bristles.............. 560 Brooms and brushes....... 17,137 Cider............... 1,136 Candles. --- —------- - - 125,265 Cars, carriages, etc.: For steam railways...... 1,176 For other railiways...... 3,918 Cycles, and parts of. --- —-- 20,170 All other, and parts of.... 67,276 Celluloid, and snanufactures of. 35,014 Cement........ --- — 62,343 Crockery. — - ----- --- - 454 Clays and other earths...... 5,660 Coal and coke: CoalAnthracite........ 37,580 Bituminotss........ 399, 499 Coke........... 3,177 Clocks and watches: Clucks, and parts of...... 17,065 Watches, and parts of..... 95,317 Cocoa..............- 198,044 Coffee............... 74,013 Cop er,, and manufactures of: Ingots, bars, etc..... — 64,667 Manufactures of........ 109,368 Cork: Cork stoppers......... 16,259 All other............ 12,686 I I I I 1904, i I I i I i i I I i i i Ii i i t I I i Dollars. 301 3,906 5,685 4,0M0 834,560 54,349,18, 597 1,436 4,072 617 1,373 18,415 24 9,396 129,092 134,021 10, 783 165,392 I I i I i i i I i i Ii I i I i i i i i Dollars. 10,694 54,321 5, 562 772,812 4467 13,899 550 275 2,162 3,769 24,406 10 11,180 89,237 142,671 4,149 155,864 i i i I Ii I i I II I z i i I ii i I I i i i I i i i I 1 i I i i I i Dollars.~ 346 28,675 i 124,684 4,191 i 828,206 16,666 i 1,226 I 128 2,698 i 4,683 i 22,529 169 12,514 1906 7 I : i I I 1; i, i I ii I t I i : I I I I i I i r i i i i I i i i I i 26,644 93,724 9,648 122,987 I i 48,696 31,940 38,344 616 106 9 46,900 43,565 34,544 578 1,716 28 1,066 887 1,446 46,115 56,968 35,172 4,237 2,517 1,378 77,305 86,598 75,829...........8 3 87 24 115 842,608 727,591 824,0-34 14 2,093 14,341 27,810 25,922 27,041 1,096,332 979,935 1,052,284 3,182 1,305 243 5,200 7,302 2,329 5,420 5,213 959 9,439 11,167 15,357 720 456 691 94,714 56,294 70,935 1,648 44,033 131 2,820 60,313 152,629 15,860 9,348 4,443 87,916 94,113 57,460 13,137 42,751 25,536 140,252 236,495 196,293........ 539 32 10,916 4,569 52,445 2,912 5,721 6,335 8,414 9,495 14,389 65,129 I 71,451 78,487 178,651 149,656 149,982 61,341 79,054 91,191 69,298 45,110 52,076 81,047 150,'876 109,437 14,679 16,259 14,222 9,158 4,502 4,056 I I Chemicals, drugs, and dyesContinued. Dollars. Roots, herbs, etc....... 24, 494 Quinine, etc.......... 8,327 Vanilla buans...... 181 All other............. 224,336 Chinaware.............. 50,188 Earthen and stone ware...... 93,766 Eggs................ 294,414 Fertilizers: Natural............. 636 Manufactured.......... 25,005 Fireworks............. 14,439 Fans................ 23,067 Fibers, vegetable: Esparto, rushes, etc...... 73,858 Flax, hemp, etc., raw..... 512 Manufactures ofYarns and twines..... 21,437 Bags for sugar...... 12,609 Carpets. 1,069 Cordage and rope.... 21,899 Cloths and damaskse.. 153,022 Knitted goods....... 1,241 Tulles and laces..... 22 Wearing apparel. --- — 5, 987 All other......... 39,350 Total fibers....... 331,506 Fish, including shellfish: Fresh, other than salmon.. 1,898 Dried, smoked, or curedCod, haddock, etc.... 11,867 Herring.......... 530 All other. --- —-- 24,010 PickledMackerel. --- — -- - 460 All other......... 8,526 Salmon-I Canned.......... 71,971 All other. — - ------ 4,761 Canned fish other than salsnon and shellfish --- Caviar. — - - -- - - - - 1,177 All other. --- ------ 207, 186 ShellfishOysters.......... 7,201 All other shellfish.... 67,943 All other fish and fish pro-. ducts.........._ 24,956 Fodder.............. 14,049 FruitsApples, green or ripe — 5,051 Prunes.......... 56 Raisins. --- — -— _ 12,502 All other. — ------- 60,798 Preserved fru.,itsCanned.......... 54,176 All other. — - ------ 4,715 Nuts............. 67,024 Gums and resins: R osin. — - - - - -- - - - - - 974 T ar.............. 5,049 Turpentine and pitch. 109 i Turpentine and spirits of 12,644 Caoutchoucandgutta-percha 83 Glass and glassware: Glass packages, paying duty separate f rom. contents, no Wind.............10,357 Wnow glass......... 14,964 All other........... 251,153 Glucose and grape sugar ----- 2,769 Glue................ 16,971 Grease, and soap stock...... 2,240 Gunpowde r.......... 206 All other explosives...... 11,610 Games and toys. --- —---- 13(1,920 Hair, and manufactures of... 1,059 1hay. i --- —------ 36,782 IHides and skins: CGoatskins......_... 629 Hides of cattle......... 48,218 All other........... 18,991 Honey. — - - - - - - - - - - - - 2,283 Hops)5............I --- 21, 763 Hats and caps........... 258, 189 Ink: Printers'............ 2,721 All other.......... 9, 158 Instruments, electrical......... 82,262 incandescent electric lamps... 12; 381 Iron end steel, and manufa-ctures of: Fine. articlesNeedles and pins, etc., 217, 419 All other.......... 19,084 Pig iron........... 5,813 Biar iron............ 54,052 Bars and rods of steel.... 43,164 I 'I Dollars. 17,470 5,398 218 229, 727 31. 016 59,303 i 282,074 29,1550 4,949 11,972 ARTICLE~S. 1903 1 1904 I II I I i I I I ii i J i Ii I I 1905 IDollars. 10,960 10,043 41 595,856 26,203 i 71, 626 1 268,224 649 11 28,742 i 1,925 21,334 64,513 70,346 58,204 155 995 484 17,570 23,991 22,143 380 19,125 79,607 -839 551 803 33,527 32,563 41,817 102,477 61,757 48,755 233 114 99 1,075 294 639 5,395 1,496 1,559 33,306 49,832 84,314 2.59,470 261,064 337,824 I I 1906 Dollars. 25,103 13,994 356 236,802 24,955 102,006 265,518 6 25,692 2,260 22,608 I I I i i I I I I I I I I I i 3 1 3 3 L i 2 L I 310 14,337 1,032 22,940 302 4, 189 30,019 3,302 1,757 88,323 7,039 54,713 3, 737 62,718 9, 289 225 14,648 63, 824 49,926 4,489 64,600 1,360 1,807 1,268 25,089 176,355 3,227 11,386 356 1,806 43,138 97,980 2,479 76,243 321 9, 186 3,094 681 17,170 1 18, 862 2,288 8,517 54,532 6,078 i i i i i I i i i i i i i i i II i i i i I i i nJ i I i i i i I I 594 11,273 310 28, 507 326 176 41, 603 653 90,623 7,543,59,703 633 66,748 842 151 7,390 54, 910 40,292 1, 129 63, 613 1,335 2,039 160 is; 215 10,244 124,021 1,743 12,936 70, 188 75,999 628 80,676 14 21,260 966 1,924 14,588 102,612 1,619 9,962 77, 636 7,394 2,346 8, 418 364 24,231 141 8 67, 441 521 1,840 104, 423 3,805 48,532 846 74,818 5,928 28(9 9,040 58,773 43,597 1,350 80,062 1,240 1, 089 848 12,655 6 20, 435 126,005 4,499 15,621 423 35,383 93,884 1, 877 37,633 27 3,549 7, 765 1,460 7,995 83,739 1,689 6,503 185,185 13,440 I I F, - I I Cotton, and manufactures of: Cotton, raw.......... 66,079 Manufactures of — ClothsClosely woven. 3,620,278 Loosely w vn813,692 Wearng apparel....... 267,188 Carpets............ 5 Yarn and thread...... 641, 163 Quiltings and piqus...... 46,738 Velveteens and corduroys,.. 33,317 Tulles ansd laces....-~.... 118,093 Knit fabrics.......... 516,219 Waste, cops and mill..... 9,679 All other..... --- —- 151,565 42, 514 82,911 I I 2,433,224 659,252 199,697 463 779,910 23,18.5 13, 78-5i 50, 4701) 594,308 15,636 149,910 I 3, 357, C 780,544 68,952 201 997,519 8,730 26,600 55,161 764,109 11, 09S5 276,445 I I 112,040 3,191,875 1,116,269 9 1, 47 743 1, 092,563 11,866 15,141 48,151 777,749 13,377 282,027 6,753,648 I I I - —. --- 11 Total cotton goods.....6,284,370 Chesnicals, drugs, acid dye.: Acids......-...... 16,220 Ashes, pot and pearl..... 9,192 (Copper, sulphate of..... 2.58 Dyes. -7,840 Mineral wacs69,273 Medicines, patent.... 29,019 Opium............. 721,551 4,962,354 6,429,873 1-,, -- I -I 14,268 8,715 12,468 4,359 1,542 1,207 33 5,492 3 99, 9,8&58 65,142 I 18,708 47,960 54,401 53,644 25,182 47, 186 28,067 770,596 850,385 1 440,464 1 3 2 1 z. 25, 396 4,181 6,450 60,595 58,852 20,282 9, 103 16,676 81,603 28,180 22,546 3,114 8,284 49,515 31,591 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 43 MPORTS INTO AND EXPORTS FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, BY ARTICLES, DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. ARTICLES. 1903 1904 190 Iron and steel,Tand "manufactures of-Continued. Hoops, bands, and scroll.._ Rails for railwaysIron..................... Steel..................... Sheets and plates-.. Iron................... Steel................... Structural iron and steel.... Wire and wire cables........ Builders' hardware.......... Saw s........................ All other tools............... Car wheels-............ ---.Castings not elsewhere specified....... —........... CutleryTable..... --- —-....... All other... --- —---—. — Firearm s.................... Total iron and steel..... Machinery and machines: Cash registers........... —. Electrical machinery........ Laundry machinery......... Metal working.............. Printing presses, and parts of-....... —........-....... Pumps and pump machinery Sewing machines, and parts of.......................... Shoe machinery............. Steam engines, and parts ofLocomotives............ Stationary.............. Boilers, and parts of engines................... Typewriter machines........ Sugar machinery............ Other machinery........... Detached parts of. —.. ---Total machinery.......... Nails and spikes: Cut.......................... Wire......................... All other, including tacks.. Pipes and fittings...... —....... Safes........................ Scales and balances.............. Stoves and ranges........... All other iron and steel manufactures.......................... Grand total iron, and manufactures of............. Jewelry........................ Lamps.......................... Chandeliers..................... All other manufactures of gold or silver...................... Lead. and manufactures of: Pigs, bars, and old.......... Pipe......................... All other manufactures of... Leather, and manufactures of: UnmanufacturedSole leather............. Upper leather........... All other upper.......... All other unmanufactured.................. Manufactures ofBoots and shoes......... Harness and saddles. - - Trunks, valises, etc...... All other................ Lime...................... M alt............................ Malt liquors: BeerIn wood................. In bottles a.............. All other malt liquors....... Total malt liquors........ Marble and stone, and manufactures of: Marble, rough, in slabs or blocks..................... Marble, wrought, chiseled, etc......................... Stone, paving, unwrought... All other.................... Dollars. 1,126 10,754 646 224,597 27,334 69,397 19, 643 24,213 6,302 76,033 89 26,753 5,721 60,393 13,458 Dollars. I Dolla 1,397 7,508 249,089 237,126 19, 681 49,580 34,403 14,989 5,934 125, 488 1,363 24,040 4,106 07,794 71,118 227 246, 14 163 40, 25, 3, 105 5, 60, 4 46, 9 5 1906 ARTICLES. 1903 1904 irs..! Dollars. Dollars. Do r. I Matches........................ 104,735 105,866 Metal and met.al compositions: 341 559 Tin- 1 341 55i TinyIn sheets, bars, and in-..... 18 gots........ ---......... 8,701 13, 849,115 11,232 Manufactured articles, 1 til.................... 44,687 35,520 744 281,921 Metal and metal composti-,372 15,194 tions....-......... ---.... 6,477 2,956 527 86,989 Manufactures of......... 5,031 i 7,534 893 I 31,375 jMusical instruments:,160 14,064 Organs...................... 159 1,167 285 2,076 Pianos........ - -! 17,119 I 20,091,584 89,331 All other.................... 35,297 30, 502 800 2,746 Oilcloths: i For floors............. 317 798,569 66,263 All other......... -.i 31,455 24 613 Oils:! 503 4,411 i Animal oils —,914 56,313 1 Fish oil........... 2,128 I 277,952 13,692 Lard oil....:......... 2,792 4,218 -- - ----- j Whale oil................i............ 135,903 791,234 All other................- 2,341 2,666 __-_ - -______ — ' Mineral oilsl'etroleum, crude —.-... 928 392 510 1,228 All other crude mineral.. 2,762 I 348 334 86,105 Refined or manufac-................ |-tured641............ 1Naphtha and gaso- i |!line................ 5,357 14,126 757 3,238 iiKerosene, petroleum. 052,557 485,435,258 12,829 lLubricating paraffin oil............ 24,677 48,064,553 46, 431 Residuum and mum- I n.. ---...-.-..... ecral tar............ 4,418 15,396 1 Vegetable oils-,143 116,371 | Cotton seed oil........ 28 24,290 79,582 Linseed oil.............. 40,989 32,668 Olive oil................. 46,977 41,835 686 44,181 Volatile or essential oils696 29,933 Peppermint oil...... 989............ 455 12,071 All other essential 403 209,802 oils................ 13,887 9,400 469 68,418 All other vegetable oils.. 36,256 36, 699 59 --, lp'amnts, pigments, and colors:,195 610,189 Carbon gas and lampblack.. 1,686 1,238 = -. Zinc, and oxide of........... 16,946 I 14,586 Allother.................... 127,319 142,009 715,991 1,069,090 1,116 3,053 2,340 2 7,378 19,532 184 31.........,...... --- 696............ 60I 28,399 8,791 11 19,626 21,399 39, 119,348 122,109 50,............ 53....... 3,845 20,143 22 36,113 43,148 43: 45,183 47, 617 107 20,714 48,631 34 3,693 17,646 10 219,952 285,624 266, 79,698 136,993 119 587,629 774,026 893 580 4,558 1 43,000 44,805 33 11,526 21,184 21 39,534 94,556 106 24,892 13,406 10 16,376 15,311 12 5,854 10,022 10, 456,709 375,978 439 1,902,491 2,412,936 2, 646, 217, 307 258,928 160 28,668 14,759 23 305 80....... 40,946 20,432 15 7,441 14,422 4 2,080 3,542 2 8,631 12,729 14 1,034 1,823 2 494............ 1,387 1,135 5 57,895 88,126 74 541,363 344,3 82 356 18,851 16,149 10 7,816 5,295 1 57,937 35,625 41 347 317 37,259 51,696 34 282 2,6011....... 452,292 269,697 251 35,557 1 38,113 27 488,131 310,411 278 1905 Dollars. 40,486 13,406 37,886 6,075 1,520 672 19,690 19,332 402 36,127 793 2 3,758 38 2.802 13,447 792,897 37,190 10,546.....,.;ia.' 37,142 34,054 3 4,287 37,169 1,799 14,549 145,833 1906 Dollars. 57,055 18,265 27,868 3,858 2,927 1,372 20,208 15,136 226 22,351 360 11 29 2,008 40 750 9,170 358,297 67,914 10,985 56 55,924 34,067 255 4,844 28,623 1,984 12,952 124,023,,J6 ) 1,10(,739 24,191 175 18,380 656 50,603,633 3,917,721 9,612 412 11,909 336 275,458,123 395,227,165 150,884, 582 28.900... 78,112 28,282,661 5,625,695 1,517,544 14,337 604 2,604 150....... 5,426 4,728 [,461 51,836 i, 605 336,552 5, 0 8,148, 916 4,225,445 53,126 242 195, 696 43,053..... 32,133 241 161,788, 491 31,556:,732 225,477 i I Ii i i Ii il iI H i i I I i i I I I i I I; li iI i i ii i i i iI i i I il i ; I I I I 11 i I Paper, and manufactures of: In sheets.................... 12,997 All other. --- —---—.. ---.- 247,241 Manufactures ofPaste and carton pierre. 14,060 Wrought........... 1,591 Paper for printing purposes................. 92.269 Wrapping paper........ 6,136 Blank books and headed paper....... ---.......-i 29,015 Writing paper and envelopes................ 76,607 Wall paper............. 880 Straw paper and straw- board................. 19,736 S.nd or glass paper..... 2,703 Total........... 503, 235 P'araffin and wax................ 137,430 Perfumery and cosmetics....... 83, 308 Plated ware................ 67,582 Provisions: Beef productsBeefCanned...........- 20, (686 Fresh................ 82,155 Salted or pickled.... 838 Cured............... 811 Tallow............. 3,101 Hog products -. Bacon..... ---.. ----...... 7,768 Hams and shoulders.., 155,130 Pork Canned.............. 10, 062 Fresh-............. 5,728 Salted or pickled.... 1,204 Lard............ 185,894 Lard products, and substitutes for............ 2,501 M utton...................... 4,614 Oleomargarine.............. 6,38 Imitation butter........ 55,220 Poultry and game...... ---.- 13,390 All other.................... 127,423 Dairy products B utter............. 48,401 Cheese................... 43,959 M ilk................................. Condensed milk......... 247,36(6 Rice............................. 10,061,323 3,844 251,243 893 2,819 73,820 26. 305 26,584 74,723 322 24,223 6(,030 633 250,120 452 488 89,571 55,906 30,546 71,770 146 11,618 3,811 7,226 196,468 150 309 6(13,041 39,747 34,615 58,106 628 8,523 1,164 I 490,8061 j 515.061 409,977 ___-.4_._... 6. 100, 637 59,341 75,474 67,677 77, 519 36, 382 65,487 619,209 21,408 23, 433 204,262 499 426 I,508 11, 135 167,181 14,635I 7,642 231 262,140 6i,059) 18,264 330 31. 895 9,624 95,266 56,583 38,518 2,494 251,261 11,548,814 11,505 491,289 461 421 6,603 20.649 148,914 1,625 24,928 145 197,988 10, 8)4 31,239 819 23,714 4,478 95,042 82, 7136 46,668 3,778 233, 667 7, 456,738 43,415 389,015 1,627 34 4,544 10,933 144,689 770 20,286 378 164,353 9,426 23,335 70 33,554 8,658 94,232 70,630 42,384 11,428 284,492 4,375,343 I I i 3,957 i 2,504 2,244 2,928 961 619 10,352 9,177 3,754 1,475 1 9,294 1,516 1,604 I 5,567 a A small quantity of beer imported In bulk from Germany in iron casks included with bottled beer. 44 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS INTO AND EXPORTS FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, BY ARTICLES, DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906-Continued. IMPbfTlS-Continued. L:- -- -, - - - -,- - 7 - - -—. -, - - --- - - -- -, - "-. - -.- -. - - - - - - - -- - - -- - -- - - - -- - -- - - " - -. - -- I - - -.1 - - -. -, ARTICLES. 1908 Rubber: Dollars. Belting, hose, and bagging_.. i 13,097 Boots and shoes............. 13,55( I All other.....3.............i 63.244 Samples with commercial value. 3,636 Salt............................ 20,985 Seeds: I Flax and timothy seed..... 350 All other........:...... ----. 11,290 Shells and mother-of-pearl...... 22,191 Silk, and manufactures of: Raw............. 75,144 i Manufactures of — Yarn and thread........ 111,683 Velvets and plushes..... 40,958 Tulles and laces....... 76,838 Knit fabrics........... 1,872 All other............. -- 359,376 Total.............. 665,871 Spices: Pepper......-..... --- —----- 12,338 All other.......... ----...-. 7,940 Soap: Common................ 8,499 All other.................... 29, 472 Spermaceti and spermaceti wax................-......... 6,670 Spirits, distilled: Brandy........3...... 33,285 WhiskyBourbon (Scotch)....... 41.825 Rve...... —. —. --- —-------- 101,717 All other distilled.......... 130. 854 Total spirits.............. 307,681 Starch.............. ----.. — 4,072 Stereotype and el ectrotype j plates........ ------------- 260 Straw and palm leaf............ 2,897 Sugar and molasses: Molasses................... 444 Sirup....... --- —-....... 3,652 Sugar — Raw............9....... 329 Refined............. 143,117 (Candy and confectionery.... 42,473 Tea......-..............-......- 46, 777 Trees, plants, and moss....... 755 Tobacco, and manufactures of: UnmanufacturedLeaf................... 3.205 All other............... 107 Manufactures of — Cigars.....-..1.-....-.. 1,194 Cigarettes............. 5,430 Plug (chewing).......... 39 Powder and snuff....... 8 All other................ 1,58: Varnish11,715.............. t 11,715 Vegetables: Beans and pease............ 85,616 Onions...............'9.....! 91.218 lPotatoes....... - --—... - 123,579 Vegetables, canned.......... 103, 700 Dried pulse.................. 9,868 All other............... 99,530 Vi ne aur.................. ---.| 3.093 1904 Dollars. 31,252 7,150 70,096 378 5,176 1905 1906 ARTICLES. 1903 1904 Dollars. 31,837 8,827 56,194 149 5,109 Dollars. 26,135 9,136 70.695 1,645 1.852 Vessels: Steam-..... ---. —........... Sailing.............. ----.... Whalebone...................... Walking sticks, umbrellas, etc.. Dollars. 24,705 17,415 34 29,532 Dollars. 18,324 19,503 281 11,492 Dollars. 72,063 16,502 8 9,026 Dollars. 3,290 22,966 6 14,059 1905 1906 20 i...-..-..-. 7,584 4,812 15,366 16,454 IWines: 40 In bottles................... 8, 617 j In other coverings.......... 10,880 I Sparkling liquors............ 590 84 52 238,228 161,341 124,001 25,510 59,670 '15,846 29,309 23,373 21,971 2,022 1,978 3,063 250,381 234,275 207,164 546,040 480,721 372,097 12,807 8,974 9, 421 6,828 5,712 6, 380 10 837 14,716 21,155 23'. 947 29, 703 26, 487 768 4, 636 239 22.396 26, 468 17,042 16,17' 4 144 16,308 82,542 79 496 20,992 106. 468 159,598 145,183 227,578 269, 706 199,525 11 Total wines............... Wood, and manufactures of: UnmanufacturedTimberPine wood, unplaned. Sawed............... lHewn............... Logs and other...... Lumber — Boards, deals, and planks........... Joists and scantlings. Shingles............. ShooksBox.... —. ---... --- All other-.......... Staves................ IHeading............. All other............ Manufactures ofOrdinary cases in which imported goods are packed............. 1 Doors, sashes, and blinds.; Furniture, not elsewhere specified...-..-.. --—.. IHogsheads and barrels, empty................. Trimmings and molding. Wooden ware........... All other............... Wool, and manufactures of: Raw........................ Manufactures of — Carpets... --- ——... Flannels and blankets...i Wearing apparel....-.... I Woolen yarn...........! Cloth, spun or twilled.... All othermanufactures of Total wool —...-.. 55,224 29,364 29,882 33,547 154,419 202,458 126,493 100,978 49,269 34,841 36,713 39,055 258,912 266,663 193,088 173,580 4,146................. 905 2,405. 2,480. 709 --- —7,113 80,640 96,117 13,691 172, (645 250,803 334,832 344,623 345 18,008 366 196. --- —-—.......... 905 800 8,983 31,435 4, 560 149 2,695 4,171 948....... 1,212 4,1861 465 1,713 342..9,055 2,249. 6, 536 2,839 2,856. I........................ 531j 7,700 464 315 72,668 86,090 67,315 45,112 505 699 1 57 2,052 14,371 8,029 3.493 5,739 15,179 4,466 7,508 2,142 79,096 96,967 78,539 71,851 7,425 4,641 7,976 9,271 3,986 4,023 2,511 3,125 10,686 15,377 20,236 8,279 36,705 41,920 23,821 40, 212 3,192 4,277 3,957 3,378 116,057 123,105 50,961 50,787 111,131 88,086 73,997 64,715 289,182 281,429 183,459 179,767 4, 365 7 437 (666 4.998 194, (AIl 27,400 36,)6 01 928 2, 646 105 516 5,066 34 98 4,260 17,802 70,909 105, 109 173, 327 71,774 8, 455 73,264 1,514 4,625 780 3,003 159,741 21,951 37,957 1,195 5,627 90 275 3.616 10 542 4,739 13,313 67, 130 92,872 201,433 59, 182 2,105 98,960 2. 192 6, 464 I 59 2,408 4.079 207 93, 638 30.452 38,231 365 i 8, 106 1,983 3.129 11I 1,223 9,205 20,553 67,949 94,578 14(i, 714 66. 858 553 81, 976 1,525 Zinc, and manufactures of..1.... 20,466 Gold and silver: GoldIn bullion.......................... Gold coin..........-...- 57,985 SilverIn coin................. 1,933,435 Philippine currency...I............ Spanish -Fili p i n o paper I money......Z......... Copper coin........................... United States currency......i -.....-... All other articles not elsewhere specified....................... 223,654 Grand total importations. 35,099,842 Of above free of duty............ 3,765,843 1 22,450 1,772 1,080,947 21,222 2,699 82,550 694 196 19,319 24 5,869 1,450 133,668 25,799,266 1,903,622 1,411........................ 12,500 i............ 25,0(X) 10{4,989 113,168 34,327,481 30,999,988 2,714.183 1,683,623 EXPORTS. Animals: HIorses and mules -........ --- 1,280 2, 510 1,280 All other.................- 92 3,533 437 Animal products................ 8,383 |...................... Bamboo, and manufactures of: fats................................................ 79,500 Mats and mattings.................................. 1,099 All other........................................ 38 Bejuco, and manufactures of: Bejuco............................. 673 H ats..m6......................................... 6, 854 Furnitu re................ -- --— 50 All other......................................... 9 Books, maps, and engravings... 2,1 22 4,755 i 3, 865 Buri, and mnaniufactuires of: fHats......................................... 17,760 M ats.............................................. 1,049 Cacao......................... 11 109 210 Coffee........................... 1,378 2,793 2,552 Chemicals, drugs, dyes, etc.: Indigo................ 11,878................... Tintarron...........1........... - 1,940.;i...... All other................... 3,355 2,833 741 Copper, and manufactures of: Old copper.........................6...... 47,966 All other.................... 12,070 26,119 23 Earthenware stone, and china.. 207 559 } 104 298 830 30 151,782 501 3, 347 324 3,880 10,613 419 1,799 Fertilizers.-.............. Fibers, and manufactures of: Hem p...................... Maguey.................... Cotton, raw................ All other unmanufactured... Bags........................ Cordage................... Twine.........-........... Sinamay textiles.......... All other manufactures. -.-. I- --- ---- -I 21,701,575 o171776 504 7,771 385 18. 20i1 Fish: Trepang.................... 6,856 All other................... 12,648 Fruits and nuts: Bananas......................... Cocoanuts.................. 63 Copra...................... 4,472,679 Betelnuts.............................. Candlenuts................... All other nuts...584.... 584 All other fruits, green or ripe, 409 Gums and resins: Almaciga.................... 7,302 Copal.................41,186 Glue......................... 12,618 Pitch........................ 651 1,232 j........................ 21,794,960 22,146,241 19,446,769 188,219 219,054 357 823 161,63i4 ' 125 1 494 4,955 47,049 313 30,767 19,804 23,453 3,382 60 5,856 7,687 7,258 4,184 5,911 4,517 9,335 48,669 30,654 3,202 31,818 919 528 963........ 51 2,527,019 2,095, 352 4,043,045 400 75 8..... 1,949 53 102 5, 534 9,910 11,015 4,7,051 27,561 28,534 33,454 14,017 20,506 10,211 11,840 6,632 352 1,500............ 0. 434 650 559 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 45 1 MORTS INTO AND EXPORTRTS FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, BY ARTICLES, DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906-Continued. EXPORTS-Continued. ARTICLES. 1903 Gums and resins-Continued. Dollars. Gutta-percha......................... Rubber............................... All other................... 11l,872 Glass and glassware: Empty bottles.................. All other.............. 724 Grease.............-.....6..... 0618 Hats, all other not elsewhere specified.............................. Hides: Hides of cattle.............. 46,023 Hides of carabao........... All other.............. 622 Horns, bones, and hoofs. 1,101 Iron: Iron ore..................... 165 Scrap iron................... 2746 Iron and steel, and manufactures of........................ 18,084 Jewelry and precious stones: Pearls.......................... All other............................. Knitted goods................ 300 Leather: Unmanufactured............. 6,784 Manufactures of........... 119 Metal, compositions and manufactures of................... 5,716 Oils: Olive oil........... 140 Animal oils...-........... 40 Cocoanut oil.......... 355 Candle-nut oil............. llang-ilang oil.............. 104,139 All other.... --- —---—. 2,300 Paraffin and stearin and wax: Paraffin and stearin......... 1,125 Beeswax............... All other................. Perfumery and cosmetics....... 3,278 Provisions: Meats, salted, pickled............... Cheese....................... 28 All other meat and dairy products................. 2,151 Rice husks........................ Straw manufactures, hats...... 137,369 Seeds: Ajonjoli.............. 7,428 Sesam e............................. All other................... 3.938 Shells: Mother-of-pearl............. 89,585 Tortoise shell........- i, 343 All other....-..-........ 25,025 = =r =_ ^~ ___ _. =:_::1_::::_:__I:~ ___: L___:___-I:T _1:: _~r-::I:_ — ---- -- -- - -::::::__~::..:. —. ~ ~ __L~__:. ---..... - I 1904 Dollars. 24,109 1905 i Dollars. I 1,3811 93; 24,523 1,9101 30I 23,013 "- 3,'842 l 70 19i06 Dollars. 18,123 5 13,429 2,785 40 13,197 2,159 2,044 10,716 460O 11,1600 D~ollars. Dollars. I- — ollars. Dollars. ARTICLES. Silk, rnanufacture~s of........... 7,654 Soap,, C omm oon --------------------.. 54 A ll other -------------------- 34 S ice's -------------------------—. 10 Sfarch...........:: --- —-----------------—; Spirits,tid wines:: R m n ----------------— ~ 21 All other distilled........... -90, lt62 Wines....,..............~.... 7I Sugar and molasses: M olas se~s ------------------— I....... Sirup..~~..............~....~.........._.... Sugar r Raw or brown.....,....; 3, 955, 828 Refintec...... ---------—. 2, 380 C.,,o-idv an confecillollcr v_,.,1288 --— '54.... ----- P 41,30 i 58 4, 542 i L 639 I 988 i 24 2)3 1 359.......... I --- —-----— ~~............. I ---— 211 1,437 194 1 190 1 gt 1 906 1. s 47,127 325 3,838 100 3,756 31,494 56 4,223 1,519 1),690 48 73 1,,804 103,247 2,424 13,794 2,056 22,875 1 -----—. ---- i 8,524 i I 84 i 30 1 335 1,748 1,029 4, 863,865i 44 1,577 12, 668,507 ' 4,977,026 18 2, 95!87 2, 725 445 785 75 - -- 4y (W i 2, 131 1,715 / 2,875 Tobacco:: Ulnmanufatcture~d............ 902, 610 Cigars.... ------------------- 947,144 Ci~garettes --- --------------- 20,699 All o~ther.....,....,........... 1, 305 1,021,949 12, 586~ i - 10,183 1?0005, 404 968,022 16, 404 6,~208 I.,458,,658 c904, 250 16, sol 10,181 2,389,890 ~.......~.... i * 583 9 100,349 1 2317 87..... - 5, 740 21,,940 1,055 6 6, 952 886i 1,200 I --- —------- 1 1,275 1 T'otal tobabcco.. -----------; 1, 881, 7 58 2. Vegetables:! s Beans a~nd dried pease..... 41 l~otatoci? s ------------------—. 40 All other ilegetable~s... _ ------ 27 Wrood: Cablinet ware, etc........... 2, 238 All other malnufactured ---—. 2y 419 Mahogany -------— ~,~ SSapan.....,.................. 29,782 Ali other unman ufalcturec)(l... 3 Zinc in blocks..,..........._..... All other articlces -not elsecwhereu specified.............~...~...... 81, V'5 Reexportation: P~rovisions ------------------- ----------—. A ll other --------------------—: 59, 452 Gold and silver-: G old in ore -----------------— ~ ~ 100 Gold in bul-~lion ---------..........., I Gold inl coin.............~.... 17R,49C SilvcrI in coin --------- 5,9 77, 4114 Almer~icanl bills. ------------------ ti1 005 2, Coppe-r coins ---------- 1,962... Ph ilippi ne paper monecy......... 4,000) Spanish Ibank notes-......... ------—..,.. 013,287 5-7 586i 6, 748 640 ll1 030 3, 181..... 4,514 46, 725 27, 142 21 400, 32,030 3,50 3,6 108,718 40, 898 139,950 1,165 14,599 136,069 3, 085........... 3,250 7, (00 76,6l70 1118,44% 4,143,319,427,'707 539,156 185,355 1, (")o 8,500.~~~..~..j 750 37 337 49 2,913 3 16, 326i 3,093 4,391 48, 21 7 7,146 81,163 258 '750 18,340 534,816 196i,230 3,475 1,996,038 92 1 Loj 1........ I --- —-----—.............-....-..... — 1,114 5 20.......... 7,068 5,723 8462 32,527 4,387 26,888 i 5,055 2,143 175....~........' 109 2,560 13,028 189 80,932 ( 02. (;08 62, 018 8, 600 12,392Fr 13,951l t4,66 I LS.2 3o. 435 I I I Gralld total --------------- 31), 674, 318i37, 033,185 i 37, 116, 810 32,671,239 i I I IMPORCTS AND ExplrJRTS OF PRINCIPAL ARL~TICLES OF MERCHIANDISE INTO AND) FROM I`NE PHILIPPITNE ISLANDSL) DURING THI`], FIS(3At, YEARS 1903.ro 1906, SHOWING, PRINCIPAL, COUNTRIES F.ROM: WHIC:H IMPOPTRTED AND TO witicil ExYpoRT 1903 1904 1905 1906 ART'ICLES AND COUNTRIES. Quantities. I Values. Quxantities. valdues. Qua~ntities., vallies. ---- Dollars. Dollars........... 9,892 1.............. 65, 671 Quantities. IValues. Dollams i 153,705 Agricultural implements..................................I --- —------- Dollars. 28,951 Imported from — U1nited States ---------------------------------,dut.. United KEiingdom...........~................... ut.. Germany.................~................. dt. Animals: Cattle.,,.............................~......... dut.. -no.. Imported fromUnited States...........,~..... ------— dut -.no — China....,....................,...........dut..no. - Hono~gkong.............................dut. -nlo.. Dutch East Indies...........~......... dut..no.. French East Indies..,......I............dut..no.. Australasia...........,................ dut.. no.. 6,465 ------------—. 61 815 159 1....,~801...... 1296............ 18,008.............../ 2,808 1...~........... 4,190 i........,.., ~ 25,111............. 781 '..............~.................... 55 _...~......... 2,261 29, MIC ~ 728,818 35,828 1 &34,5(0 19,108 6,471 483 37,55 24 474,739 i:i I,417 150,10(,)i 4, 082 4,951 i ('16 1, 440 1 101 729,942 91, 163 23 1,964 6,36122 '30, 25Ci ' 772,812 (54 2,470 28,967. 720,946 170 ' 4,747 249 ' 5, 297 120 ' 3, 583 632 1 34, 366:ro0 729 i 27,788 227 i 2,132 188 828,206)( 755,787 7, I W 483,735 9,5533 16,666 IT orses........_........._........................ dut-no..: 570 Imported from — U~nited States.........,............ -,dut..no,........ United Kilngdoml..............,......... dut..no..:...,.......... China.............,..................... dtt. -TIO-.; 158 British East Indies-.....,............ dut- -no.. 27 Austra~lasiat............................. dut..no.. 22 - 27,383 499 1 54,349 406 44, 679 I 128.......,............ 1 7,89,5 o I3 3,649 i 7 3,696 1 256 i 628 34,647 149 15,380 1 24 1,556 1 1,508 226i 26,235 I i 389 19 1,340 3 i 741 105 1 14,1gt6 46 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FRO-M WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. 1908 1904 1905 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. 1906 Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Dollars. 9,322 Quantities. Values.' Quantities. Values. Animals-Continued. I Mules........................................ dut-no. Imported from — United States..........................dut..no.. China.................................dut..no-. Australasia...............du............no.. Bones, hoofs, horns, horn tips, and waste..............dut..Imported from — United States-...................................dut.. United Kingdom...............................dut.. Germany.......................................dut. - France............................dut. Spain..........................................,dut..Belgium..................................... dut.. Dhina............................... dut - apan.......................................dut. British East Indies.....-............. ---..-....dut.. Books, music, maps, engravings, and other printed matter: Books, maps, and scientific instruments for use in schools...........................................free.. Imported fromUnited States-...........................free.. France......................................free.. Spain.......................................free.. All other............................................dut.. Imported from — United States............................... dut.. United Kingdom..........................dut... Germany..................................dut. - France......................................dut.. Spain........................................dut.. Belgium....................................dut.. Switzerland................................dut.. - China.......................................dut.. Hongkong..................................dut.. Japan.......................................dut.. Brass, manufactures of.................................dut.. Imported fromUnited States...................................dut.. United Kingdom...............................dut.. Germany..d.... France..........................dut.. Spain..............................................dut.-. China...........................................dut.. Hongkong......................................dut - - Japan...........................................dut. - British East Indies..............................dut.. Dutch East Indies..............................dut.. Breadstuffs: Bread and biscuit -..d......................dut..lbs.. mported from — United States.......................dut-..bs.. United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. Germany........................dut.Ibs.. France.................dut.lbs.. Spain..................................dut..lbs.. British East Indies....................dut..lbs.. Australasia........................dut. bs 77 135 Dollars. 18,597 Dollars. 13,899 Dollars. 137..21....................... 5,851 5,800. 77 9,322 115 12,74663 6,575........................ -------------- ------------ --------------..........-.16 1,524........................... 16 1,524. 5.i.............. 24,215.............. 18,415...... 24,406.............. 22,529 -::...... -- 6 142............ 5,428.............. 6,382....... 7 951 ------------ --- -.............. 2 21,756.............. 1,825............. 1,30566 1,802........... 1,022.............. 1955....-... 8,42 -.............. 2,315.............. 3,955861............ 2,76300.....1,148 55.............. 852.............. 716.............. 43, 67...., 2.......... 2i 1294,876............,.............. 6,382...... 951.............. 122,274.. 16...7.............. 1,825...-... ---- 9136.............. 1,22.......1....... 1,716..-............,23269....2,066........... - 1,35108.............. 2,094.......... 842............ 2,33032.............. 1,86 1.............. 91,763 28,8235......... 129,092.....89,237..26,644................ 10. 1...............9122,244036........ 64,957110......512,174 12169 i......50.1..1812,809 78,402.. 134,032........... 93,724 2532,902......... 45,299.... 2, 1,9. 9,0362_...4.1... 5,277........... 4,0757.............. 847.11,155........3,736...... 4,080...........,252............. 4,004 25,144.............. 50,28645,590.............. 35,130.............. 8,041............. 6,951. -— 5,985.............. 4,558..124..........370.......... 1,207.............. 546........,255.......... — 3,089......2,132.............. 2,317.............. 1,901.. 11,16............2,021.............. 4,251.............. 5,259.............. 4,434.............. 5,087........ 9..5....1.......... 165,392......1...6..... 122,932... 34,960.....78,088....0.... 70,392............. 46,083.20,658.-...........i 33,004..2...... 24,975.20,159 26,395............ 31,25927,575.............. 28,703.............. 5,793. --- —--—.-. 9,255........... 12,156.............. 7,633 -.- -3,549........ 3,0963,331....."....-...- 1,866............,839.......... 3,403 ----- 3,212............. 2,943 16., 12............................ 2,501. ---..-. — - - 2,176.............. 2,498.2.,........ 711....... -- --— 605........... — 1,740.............. 2,079 - 1,446.... 1450..............0..........1,570 1...4........... 48.......60.6...2.....- 4,824............... 2,550 775,443 96,035 496,454 48,696 320,781 31,940 365,042 39,346 35,607 313,236 9,720 18,049 143,131 227,221 1,707 17,440 4,083 36,206 1,295 2,059 24,670 25,180 170 126,295 231,106 5,780 22,065 20,923 78,642 1,672 103,505 8,981 24,768 626 2,741 5,068 5,575 145 46,115 86,636 128,388 3,267 5,823 10,428 40,482 22,160 7,582 15,087 450 719 1,857 3,824 995 59,612 237,624 5,844 19,716 12,926 15,128 3,910 6,390 25,486 580 2,094 2,237 1,293 339 Oats..................................................... 9,655 121,164 56,968 97,008 Imported from — United States..d...t.......... dut.bush.. Australasia.........................dut..bush.. Macaroni and vermicelli......................dut. lbs.. Imported from —! United States.........................dut.Ilbs- - United Kingdom.....................dut..lbs.. Spain..................................dut- bs.. I China..................................dutlbs. British East Indies....................dut. -.lbs. W heat flour....................h........... dut.. bbls.. Imported fromUnited States........................dut..bbls.. United Kingdom....................dut..bbls.. Spain..................... dut.. bbls... China.................................dut. bbls. HIongkong..........................dut. bbls.. Ja pan -..... ---..................... t..bbls.. British East Indies..................dut..bbls. | Australasia..........................dut..bbls..j d -...- I -... — I{ - 9,214 5,005 52,473 24,810 110,614 53,286 i 63,665 1,922 992 48,394 1.9,925 10,529 3,666 33,245 35,172 22,511 12,621 1,947,648 71656 2,108,920 77,305 2,455,260 86,598 1,670,573 75,830 _____ _, 86,598 t 1,670,573 75,830 7,404 472 6,786 508 16,774 801 12,440 884 19,747 702 28,448 1,130 12,529 613 1,345 119 47,570 3,540 89,300 5,810 52,597 3,339 37,610 2,495 1,583,875 60,087 1,274,367 56,584 1,392,276 65,613 1,292,192 63,958 228,634 4,074 680,814 11,699 957,554 15,152 311,606 7,334 188,263 727,950 205,987 842,908 168,319 727,591 195,866 824,039 177,398 1 3 7,672 2,169 1 7 1,012 686, 291 i 203,446 15............ 28,899............ 8,383......... 5 1 33 20 j 4,318 2,517 i 833,056 20 3 8497 9,742 140,601............63 63 613,987 1 39 332 107,102 996 1 20 447,454 4,293 5 87..........ii 160 371,564............. 1'334 32 67 334 1 32 27,584 112,897 87,585 I, ________________I I I.I i l I _ I —, I i -- - -; — -- -- - I- - THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 47 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS —Continued. 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTI (,LES ANDI CUOUNTIRIES. Bricks, fire....d................................dutImported fromUnited States..................................dut. United Kingdom.................. d....... dut.. China d.................................. dut.. Brooms and brushes...................................dut.. Imported fromUnited States................................. -dut-.. United Kingdom.......................... dut - Germany --- —---------------------------------- duot.. France............ —..................dut.. Spain-d -.....-.....-.............. —.-.-dut-. Candles..............................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States.............................dut..lbs.. United Kingdom..........................dut..lbs.. Germany. -—... ----.... —. —. —. -— dut..lbs.. Spain......................................dut..ibs.. Belgium..................................dut.. lbs. - Netherlands.................. dut.Ibs.. China......................................dut..lbs.. HIongkong......................... dut..lbs.. Japan................................. dut. lbs.. British East Indies -dot A................. dut.-lbs. Cars, carriages, and other vehicles, and parts of: Cars, and parts ofFor steam railways............................ dut.. Imported fromUnited States.......................... dut.. United Kingdom...................... dut.. For other railways...................... dut.. Imported fromUnited States..................dut.. United Kingdom.........d.... o...... dut.. Germany...............................dut.. Belgium................................dut.. Cycles, and parts of...................................... Imported fromUnited States.............................dut.. France..................-............. dut.Carriages, and parts of................d.............dut.. Imported fromUnited States.........do................ dut.. United Kingdom...-.... --- —-........... dut - - Germany -dot.....-..-..............dut. France..............d..o......... dut.. Spain........dot............. Celluloid, and manufactures of.................dut.. Imported fromUnited States.......................... dutUnited Kingdom............................... dut Germ any......................................dilt_France -do...-...........................dutSpain.................dut.. Austria-Hungary......................... dut -.. Belgium d................................. dut-. Cement................................................. dut.. Imported fromUnited States..................................dut.. United Kingdom..dot.................. dut.. Germ any.......................................dut.. Belgium....................................... dut.. Denmark....d.............................. dut.. China.............................................dut Hongkong.....................................dut.. Japan..............d t....................... dut.. Coal, bituminous................................dut. tons.. Imported fromUnited Kingdom........................dut..tons.. Japan..................................dut.. tons. - Australasia.................... dut.tons. Clocks, watches, and parts of: Clocks, and parts of............................... dut.. Imported from — United States................... dut.. United Kingdom....................... dut.. Germany............................. dut. France................................. dut.. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Dollars. Dolla rs. Dollars. Dollars....... 2,9295............... 7,302......... 2,329......... 8.........8.............................. 1,439.-.-...... 363.............. 916.............. 1,152............ 5,210o.............. 1,133........ 366...... 366.............. 2,092.............. 472.............. 174......... 17,137 94.............. 439.............. 11,167.............. 15,357...-.... 1,825 ---- -5,302............. 4,850.............. 6,324 3,158.............. 674.............. 1,271........... 1,496.............. 4,016............ 1,2792.......... 2,315..........3,050..-. —.2,283 -----— 76638...........779...... —! 125.............. 15 960..............25 1,250,865 125,265 857,053 94,714 580,390 | 56,294 755,698 70,935 402 54 7,105 682 11,531 1,260 315 54 268,205 I 27,282 177,286 16, 488 95, 643 7,998 42,145 3,861 49,208 4,433 36,986 3,533 26,513 2,460 11,436 995 423,308 42,712 299,343 42, 418 141,619 17,969 126,922 15,227 22,920 2,123 16,685 1,452 19,917 1,627 50,765 4,188 29,149 2,886 50,683 4,598 3,740 362 3,023 286 148,947 14,367 117,466 10,465 161,920 13,681 103,779 9,205 57,276 5,412 2,699 265 5,907 499 76,342 5,869 60, 380 5,963 41,940 3,874 10,392 896 4,019 244 181,571 19,154 106,825 10,928 103,108 9,521 295,582 26,838 1,176 1,64844,033 131.............. __ 1............................ 4 0..............131................................................................ 2,307....................................... 56.............. 343............. 41,726............. 131............ 3,918............... 2,820........... 60,313............... 152,629..................................... 2,820..........821............. 33,637 ' "2;.5'... 2,915..................... 682............. 105,461.............. 795............................ 275. —............ 637......................................................58,535.............. 12,894 58,535 - { 812,894............ 20,170..8................ 9,348.......... 4,443..............18,549 -......... 14,406.............. 8,818.............. 3,130....690 -941... 929.41..8........... 69403 -- -- 7,276 -............... 87,916.............. 94,113.5........7... 57460.............. 36,301 --------- - 59,062.............. 39,476.......... 30,142............. 8,594.............. 7,795.............. 9,772.............. 5,787..... 2,856....55.......2... 9,040........... 5,717.11,811...... 13,556.............. 26,864........13,996 4,105.............. 517.............. 7,822.......808.............. 35,014............ 53,137....,...... 42,751............... 25,38.-......... 9,778...........9,049 -..........7,237 —.-....... 6,127............. 264 - -.............. 577.........710 -.... 1,372 -8,257- 8,975.-6..7............. 4,.. 6,519.... - 14.1772 94.......... 69,919.6............ 14.............. 6,030.7.........i77..... 090.....1,925-........1,785 ---...5..... 425.............. 437............. 888..............129.358 -42............. 40.............. 2, 430307........... 1,871........ 62,343............ 140,252.............. 236,495........ 196,293..............,428.......... 1,078..10, 322.............. 14,695 -.....-.. - 7,132............. 14,662............ 12,402.............. 13,923 11,200....6......... 12,567........ 61,154.............. 52, 494.............. 7,077.....I2.....956..16,095............................................................... 1,305..............,709 9,031.............. 795............ 0,895............99,58940,602 24,323.............. 25998,270.............. 46, 308.............. 279........... 2,571.............. 15,557............ 9,030 147,845 435,311 182,468 559,256 188,760 522,127 173,811 414,766 11,025 27,808 5,878 14,079 11,364 31,254.............. 11,706 36,922 14,516 42,175 6i4,125 229,784 3,771 11, 900 124,555 368,210 161,389 500,224 112,896 259,31 167,961 391,673.............. 17,065. ----. 8,414 — - 9,495.............. 14,589.............. 3,252............. 3,1742............ 2,244.............. 4,667.............. 1,746............. 368.............. 351..............787.............. 3,300...............,026.......... 2,576.............. 3,304.............. 1,580.............. 1,370................ 1,280...........2,543 48 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. I 903 1904 1905 ARTICLES A )ND COUNTRIES. Clocks, watches, and parts of-Continued. Watches, and parts of...............................dut.. Imported fromUnited States.................dut.. United Kingdom.................. dut.. Germany.................................. dut. - France.................................... dut.. Switzerland.................. dut.Cocoa.........d........-....-........... dut..Ibs.. Imported froinUnited States.............................dut.lbs.. United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. British East Indies........................dut. l.tbs.. Dutch East Indies (..-...-....-.. ----...dut.. bs.. Coffee..........-...-............................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States........................... dut..lbs.. United Kingdom.......................... dut lbs.. China-.....-...-.........-...............dut.lbs.. British East Indies.....................dut..Ibs.. Dutch East Indies.........................dut..lbs.. Copper, and manufactures of: Ingots, bars, and sheets.......................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States...d..........l..........dut. bs.. United Kingdom...................... dut..lbs.. Spain...do................dut..lIbs.. Manufactures of..............do...................dut.. Imported fromUnited States...d...........................dutUnited Kingdom.........................dut.. Germany...................do................dut.. France..d..o... ---.-...........dut.. China.......................................dut.. Hongkongkong.................................dut.. Japan......................................dut.. British East Indies.............. ----......dut.. Cork, and manufactures of cork bark: Cork stoppers..............................dut.. Imported fromUnited States..............................dut.. United Kingdom..........................dut.. Germany..................................dut.. Spain.........................-..o..-....dut.. Cotton, and manufactures of: Cotton, raw............................dut..Ibs.. Imported fromUnited States................... ---dut..lbs.. Manufactures ofClothsClosely woven.............................. dut.. Imported fromUnited States................ dut.. United Kingdom...................dut.. Germany..................... dut.. France.-............................ dut.. Spain...............................dut. Italy...........-................ dut.. Austria-Hungary................... dut.. Belgium................,...dut.. Netherlands........................dut.. Switzerland........................dut.. China-........-..-... —........dut.. Hongkong.....do............. dut- - Japan...............................dut.. British East Indies.................dut.. Loosely'woven.............................dut.. Imported from — United States..................... dut.. United Kingdom...................dut.. Germany..........................dut.France..............................dut.. Spain..............................dut.. Italy.d.............................dut.. Netherlands -........................dut.. Switzerland.(ll................... dut, China......t..................... dut. Japan..............................d ut. British East Indies..............dut.. 1906 Quantitties. Values. Quantities. Values. I Quantities. Values. I Quantities. Values. Dollars. 95,317................ Dollars. 65,129 Dollars. I i Dollars. 71,451............. i 78,487.............. 28,120.............. 17,901............. 18,018........... 26,418.............. 408....................541..............104.............6... 867..0..........180........... 35,098......... 28,165....... I.. 30,468 —....... --- 24,674.............. 24,277.............. 16,132............. 21,064............ 23,021 1,380,655 202,949 1,353,561 178,651 1,242,258 149,656 1,296,586 149,982 3,587 1,219 12,478 2,733 8,043 1,634 16,223 3,501 10,038 1,757 5,254 2,230 2,271 1,059 2,544 1,094 1,238,681 179,228 1,229,472 161,685 1,189,035 141,582 1,216,935 135,974 87,083 12,768 89,347 8,892 31,830 3,459 54,875 8,051 851,153 74,013 776,961 61,341 854,035 79,054 1,013,678 91,191 19,012 2,540 112,690 15,481 59,596 8,930 49,463 7,338 53,527 4,629 39, 461 1,351 3,727 363. ------- 74,943 6,632 18,780 1,612 125,974 12,253 35,202 3,692 608,767 50,706 548, 604 39,274 620,290 53,140 874,332 74,861 81,646 8,097 52,252 13,256 43,115 4,200 51,480 4,946 522,082 64, 667 537,875 69,298 363,314 45,110 367,490 52,076 114,578 15,566 141,337 18,380 17,040 2,362 12.906 2,385 345,252 39,240 354,603 45, 412 327,040 39,653 345,847 47,524 77 72............... 10,586 1,584................................ 109,368.8............ 81,047.......150,876............ 109,437 26,412..............25,655......... 104,028. 68,179.............. 26,12.............. 25,655.............. 1, 028.............. 68,179 29,186........ 25,192.......... 17,606.......22,317.............. 15,037.............. 10,176... --- —---- 11,295.-.......-.- 8,307.............. 12,976.............. 6,710............. 5,516.............. 3,616.............. 7,647........... 8,256...........- 5,122.............. 3,730 3,921.............. 1,749............. 1,549......... 574.............. 2,311.............. 1,587........... 2,170.......... 1,045 2,892.........6.. 2,925........245.............. 16,259......... 14,679............ 16,259 —.. ---- 14,222.............. 59 I........1...18.... 51............91 980 i.........-.- 2,418...........- 1,911....1,819..............,305.............. 547.-.... ---... —609..............765 12,661............ 11,406 —.. 13,424.......11,314 600,864 66,079 284,610 42,514 726,683 82,911 929,684 112,040 596,624 65,754 276,136 41,560 705,294 81,364 925,548 111,593........... 3,686,543 —............ 2,433,224...............3,357,606............. 3,192,018........ 319,117.............. 230,896.............. 648,159............ 210,716...........2,S 69,986. 1 5336108..... 1,533,386.............. 1,936,918............ 2,210,084 -. 201,130.............. 66,929.-. --- —---- 60,963.............. 54,551.............. 55,700............. 42,967.............. 30,842............ 53,148 254,746........... 103,078........... 160,423............. 87,906........... 32,956 -........ —... 26,300-.......... 22,019.............. 56,170.............. 5,313.............. 1,377................. 1,539............. 4,178.............. 62,994.............. 13,473.9,109.............. 20,044............. 38,931 20,948.34,588...7..4..... 73,844.. 181,002..... 61.... 206, 627...177,602.......... 199,142 78,178........... 74,566...... 74078......... 116,343........ 43,375....-....... 4,086.............. 2,640.............. 10,275............ 28,572.............. 13,009. --- 18,566.............. 20,173.............. 113,167............ 94,761.............. 80,143.............. 75,399 ~.........6 813,702............ 659,252 5.......... 780,544.......... 1,116,290............. 17,200K............. 27,774............. 53,570.............. 12,235........... 340,630.............. 193,774.....233,807............... 481,958.............. 58,698.............. 6,821............ 2,538...........7,338. 9,436............ 2,139.............. 4,899..........5,834........ 92,468........... 56,396............. 106,552............ 126,752.............. 17,319.11,897......3....... 33,351..........36,505.............. 6,315............. 13,964.............. 9,710............. 78,055............. 96,126.............. 0,775.............. 123,430.......25,318........... 23,691.............. 23,618........... 50,200............. 996.............. 12, 922............ 7,840.17,111..... 161,3382.............. 221,355 -.............. 224,756.............. 241,033 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 49 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Quantities. I I Values. Dollars.,)(;7 1 RO Quantities. 1 Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Cotton, and manufactures of-Continued. Manufactures of-Continued. W earing apparel................................ dut................ Imported fromUnited States. —... —............. dut................ United Kingdom................ dut............ Germany...........d.......-........dut-..-.... —.... --- France..................d-......... dut —.-........-. _ Spain...........................dut.............. Switzerland............................dut.............. China.................... dut....-............ Hongkong...........................dut........... Japan...-................-.-.. —.-dut............... British East Indies.....................dut.............. Yarn and thread................ dut..lbs.. 2,815,741 Imported fromUnited States --................. dut..Ibs.. 8,252 United Kingdom..................dut..lbs.. 1,103, 349 Germany........................dut..lbs.. - 155,762 Spain......d..... ----..........dut..lbs.. 49,349 Italy. -..........d..b............... dut.-lbs.. 191,322 Austria-Hungary...............dut..lbs.............. Belgium........................... dut- -.lbs.. 19,255 Netherlands................ dut..lbs.. 30,327 Switzerland.......................dut.. Ibs.. 57,109 China..............................dut..lbs._ 163,210 Japan................ —. ----. ---dut._Ibs.. 626,924 British East Indies..... do........dut..lIbs-. 295, 492 Quiltings and piques...........................dut_-.... —.... Imported fromUnited States..........................dut.............. United Kingdom...................... dut.. -—..-.... Germany............-..-.. ----. —.-..dut......... France......d.............................dut Spain....................d...............dut. Velveteens, corduroys, etc-.....-. ----...,dut............... Imported fromUnited States.dot......................... United Kingdom.......dot ---.-.-..... d.............. Germany......d......................d....'........... Spain.......................................dut. -..-..-..- ---.Tulles and laces...............................dut............... Imported fromUnited States......... --- ——..-. —.... dut................ United Kingdom ---. ----. ---........... dut................ Germany.............................dut.. t............. France..................... d......... dut,.............. Spain...-.......-.-... ----....... dut............ Knit fabrics..................... do..............dut.......... Imported fromUnited States.......................dut................ United Kingdom.d................ dut........ —...... Germany.....................dut............ France.......... --- ——...............dut................ Spain.................................. dut........i.-..... Switzerland....................... du.....dut.......... China.........dt.............dut............. Japan-........................................dut. -I. —. —...-... British East Indies....................dut................ Australasia..........................dut................ Waste, cops, and mill.................... dut.. lbs..! 167,509 Imported fromUnited States.....................dut..Ibs.. 7,324 United Kingdom.............. dut..lbs.. 111,988 Spain..............................dut..lbs.. 28,468 Japan..................d.. o......dut..Ibs.. 15,085 Chemicals, drugs, and dyes: Mineral waters, and other nonalcoholic beverages..free....... Imported from — United States........................... free-............... United Kingdom...........................free................ France....fr...............free................ Spain........e....................free................ Japan........................... free............... Medicines, patent and proprietary..............dut................ Imported fromUnited States.............................. dut. United Kingdom...........................dut. Germany............................................... France.dot........................................dut.. Spain.dot....................................... I i i ........ Dollars. 199,697 Dollars. 68,952 Dollars. 91,852 LZU f, IOiJ 26,843............. 25,631.............. 15,990.............. 17,798 17,468.............! 11,404............. 14,042........1,821 48,216............. 32,0(64.......... 9,280........... 10,981 13,335 8.............. 8,773........... 2.695............. 2,057 133,397........-.. — 105,319......... 12,479............. 36,423 2,215 2.781.....5,615. --- —2,960 4,944 2,327........... 2,913.9,213 697.......... 3,150......... 1,013.............. 451 5,281........... 4,932..1,976............ 3,961 7,875............ 1,877.......... 2,090.. 1,413 641,164 3,238,952 779,910 3,985,179 997,519 3,842,395 1,093,097 1,479 16,380 3,337 11,594 2,490 8,070 2,010 353,985 1,054,631 355,066 1,549,286 480,767 1,459,730 578,025 35,574 180,739 42,160 101,330 29,134 70,548 20,489 15,932 52,361 16, 92 52,381 18,550 67,515 17, 439 36,723 150,528 28,024 129,748 32,263 107,880 23,215............ 6,867 1,486 35,472 8,084 15,926 3,649 5,051 198,9,38- 54,682 267,531 74,883 167,466 50,095 06,056 16,295 6,769 15,6688 3,641 16,046 4,508 15,539 75,557 ' 32,116 166,337 65,431 378,156 132,192 25,051 278,782 39,704 384,173 55,667 299, 306 47,789 86,584 913,461 149,364 1,073,5868 191,236 916,303 159,394 41,132 222,140 33,639 195,338 34,253 324,454 50,986 46,738............... 23,104.8,730........... 11,884 2,782........... 1,452.............. 323................... 408 14,176.............. 7,742.............. 2,472.............. 6,498 10,819.......... 4,968............ 2,887........595 1,022........ --- —-- 1,424.............. 715.............. 1,392 33,317...........-.. 13,866.............. 26(,6001.......... 15,141 3.............. 244.............. 192..............49 15,601.............. 6,815.....-........ 15,838.-.-........ 7,474 12,309. ----. --- —-- 1,.426.............. 3,902.............. 2,294 737.............. 1,815.............. 2,199.............. 1,543 118,093-.......... 50,470.............. 55,161. ----48,151 753..1.......... 78. 68............. 164........... 244 52,320.......... 34,377.............. 3,9770.......3.... 34,975 46,589.......... 6,483........... 8,232.............. 3,494 8,618........... 6,088........... 7,094.............. 7,053 1,201.............. 547.............. 1,476........102 516,219............ 594,308.............. 4,109.............. 777,749 7,364 11,187 124,360 15,380 339,190 5,827 3,409 2,450 2,100 --------------............. I --- —--------- i - ------------.......................................... ------ I... -- I............................ 8,422 14,191 92,633 10,047 453,784 4, 146 4,306 3,803 2,801 30 12,837 15,137 148, 687 8,920 552,814 12,050 5,791 2,035 3,973 10,697 16,476 121,690 12,089 584,331 12,547 7, 671 1,549 971 9,679 259,987 15,636 148,119 11,095 213,825 13,377 457 29,714 2,253 12,289 1,090 17,091 1,078 6,143 142,649 1 7,632 77,984 5,607 36,780 2,119 1,950 43,727 3,485 33,617 2,747 26,180 2,365 872 40,419 2,026 18,731 1,124 128,189 7,315 70,152....... 4.....54....... 53,644 8,400.......... 9,074.............. 4,427 8,965 1,469............ 1,697............. 3,360.2,436 3,011.............. 2,370............. 4,123.............. 6,674 6,295.... 2,859........... 7,242............... 3,776 46,527............... 27, 536............ 34,235.............. 30,218 29,019.............. 25,182..... 47,186.............. 28,067 9,938.............. 11,610 i............ 953 1......1...... | 1,850............. 2,585........ 1,570............. 8,128 5,802............ 4,664 -—............. 3,694........... 19,087 3,401 2,661 11,935 8,305 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.......... 9,829 3,832 1,341 5,217 7,049 50 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMI'POITS-Continued. 1903 1904.. 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. -.........__.._ Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. ~ ---~~~~~un i t e.I Values.~ ------- - -- --- ------ I- Quani~ties9. VIB~ Chemicals, drugs, and dyes-Continued. Opium.........................................dut. Abs.. 259,472 Imported fromChina................................. dut..lIbs.. 122,122 Hongkong.............................dut..lbs.. 45,056 British East Indies....................dut..lbs.. 91,874 Other Asia......................................... Quinine and all alkaloids and cinchona......... free........... Imported fromUnited States..............................free................ Germany........................... free................ France...................................... free................ Dutch East Indies.........................free................ Earthen, stone, and china ware: Earthen and stone ware............................dut.............. Imported fromUnited States..............................dut................ United Kingdom.................... dut........ Germ any...................................dut................ France....-...-...........-... —......dut................ Spain..................................... dut................ Netherlands................................dut................ China........................dut................. Chinaware.......................................dut................. Imported fromUnited States...................... dut................ United Kingdom...........................dut.............. Germany..................................dut................ France....................................... China............................. dut................. Hongkong..................................dut.............. Japan..................dut..................... Eggs..............................................free..doz.. 1,886,927 Imported fromChina.....................................free..doz.. 1,881,650 Hongkong................................free.. doz. 5,256 Fertilizers, manufactured........................dut.. tons.. 358 Imported from — I --- United Kingdom........................dut..tons.. 352 Germany.................................dut..tons............ Spain...................................dut.. tons.. 6 Fans....................................................dut................ Imported from — United States.....dut............................... France..........................................dut................ Spain...........................dut............... Austria-Hungary........................... dut............ Switzerland...................................dut............... China..................................... dut............. Hongkong.......................dut................ Japan................................ dut........... British East Indies..................... dut............ Fibers, vegetable: Unmanufactured...................................dut............ Imported fromUnited States.............................. dut................ China.......................................dut................ Japan......................................dut................ British East Indies................ dut................ Germany..........................dut................ Manufactures ofYarn and twine- -....l............... -dut..lbs.. 111,708 Imported fromUnited States.....................dut..lbs.. 2,017 United Kingdom..................dut..lbs.. 8,131 Germany..........................dut..lbs.. 34,644 Spain..............................dut..Ibs.. 3,195 Switzerland.......................dut. Ilbs.. 11 China.............................. dut..lbs. - 61,688 Bags for sugar.................... dut..no............. Imported fromUnited States......................dut..no.. 285 British East Indies............... dut..no.. 25,572 Cordage and rope...................... dut..lbs.. 140,248 Imported fromUnited States................ dut..Ibs.. 17,261 United Kingdom..............dut..lbs... 7, 256 Germany....................... dut..lbs.. 7,189 Spain..............................dut..lbs.. 73,755 Dollars. 721,552 249, 770 Dollars. 770,596 254,770 68, 960 407,493 38,787 268,129 I 370,025 109,547 i 241,266 ~- -......... 81,252 23,657 130,006 14,659 43,593 11,335 186,493 26,381 Dollars. 850,383 139,319 34,201 599,961 76,179 150,292 Dollars. 440,464 17,828 1,025 128,859 2,367 51,226 4,679 376,516 7,651 7,448.............. 5,398.............. 10,043.............. 13,994 210............. 228............. 47.............. 391. 2,642.............. 4,347.............. 6,027.............. 8,889 1,10451.1,,505.............. 3,629 1,390..81............. 1,830.............. 68 93, 766 2,625.............. 6,344 23,023.............. 20,142 16,263........-..... 4,955 2,232 ------—... 644 3,309.............. 2,693 15,553.............. 5,472 26,482.............. 15,481 13,769 21,157 6,885 2,459 1,569 1,498 46,413 3,587 34,576 14.428 1,410 1,700 7,218 30,491 50,188.............. 31,016........... 26,203.............. 24,955 I, ls i ~......... 3,715............. 5,981........... 18,480 i......... 1,990.............. 9,962 i.............. 631 I.............. 2,574.............. 4,897 5,055 6,566 2,492 5,574 707 3,101 2,789 1,945 6,463 1,761 5,770 1,051 4,404 361 2,678 8,389 2,046 4,459 979 2,481 294,414 2,465,741 282,074 2,443,223 244,438 2,655,128 265,512 293,613 2,461,702 281,529 2,437,933 243,909 2,651,274 265,126 799 i 3,971 535 5,290 529 870 87 25,005 390 29,550 355 28,742 714 25,698 24,534 219 11,091 138 6,978 255 7,700 11 1,158......................... 457 171 18,459 206 20,606 450 17,797 23,067.......... 11,972.. 21,334.............. 22,608 278.............. 304.............. 304.63 1,240........... 1,039........... 1,171.............. 1,138 884........... 1,649.......... 2,266.........653..........................1.............. 405.............. 1,980 6........................................ 11..............59 5,889.............. 1,486.......... 1,974.1,146 656........506.............. 784.160 13,145............. 5,411.............. 13,252.16,438 524........... 1,111............. 1,029........................ 74,439............... 64,668.............. 71,341..58,689 315............ 3,634...........2,471.............. 389 36,123.............. 34,838......3.... 39,261.............. 27,058 11,225.............. 8,825 '............. 12,089............. 9,655 15,240.............. 10,349.............. 8,940.............. 6,975 1,076............. 609.......... 2,785.............. 4,599 21,453 104,439 17,570 105,949 23,991 115,061 22,143 684 11,090 1,276 1,201 560 1,825 896 1,171 4,619 832 7,779 2,132 12,354 2,351 5,721 33,056 4,931 24,019 4,173 29,981 5,164 817 13,279 2,679 2,417 540 19,652 2,708 2 9 7 3,953 868.......................... 12,517 36,954 6, 786 56,881 14,255 42,581 9,877 12,609 6,890 380 349,535 19,125 1,095,406 79, 007 12................................. 10,430 4, 964 278 349135 19,104 592,022 42,500 21,899 263,888 33,527 311,101 42,563 358,167 41,817 3,069 884 983 12,186 52,036 35,656. 13,893 85,159 6,391 3,077 1,543 13,282 35,999 34,268 25,567 40,660 3,846 7,073 3,242 6,417 97, 241 24,303 28,112 49,342 11,307 3,044 3,212 6,877 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 51 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINcOPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. 1903 1904 1905 i 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. --- —---- - Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Fibers, vegetable-Continued. Manufactures of-Continued. Cordage and rope-Continued. Imported from-Continued. China..............................dut..lbs.. Hongkong.........................dut..lbs.. British East Indies................dut..Ibs.. Cloths and damasks....:.......................dut.. Imported fromUnited States....................... dut.. United Kingdom................ dut.., Germany..........................dut.. France..................................dut.. Spain.................................- dut. China...................................dut.Fish, including shellfish: Dried, smoked, or cured-Cod, haddock, hake, and pollock.........................................dut.. bs.. Imported fromUnited States.........................dut..lbs.. United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. Germany..............................dut..lbs. France.................................dut. -lbs.. Denmark..............................dut-.lbs.. Sweden and Norway........-....... dut..lbs.. Salmon, canned..........dut............-..-.dut. bs.. Imported fromUnited States..l................ dut..bs._ United Kingdom.....................dut.-bs.. Japan................................ dut. -lbs.. Fruits, canned.........................................dut.. Imported fromUnited States........................... dut.. United Kingdom......................dut.. Spain......................... dut.. China...................dut.. Glass and glassware: Window glass...................................-.dut.. Imported fromUnited States.................. dut.. United Kingdom...................-...... dut.. Germany...................................dut.. France.....................................dut.. Austria-Hungary................. dut.. Belgium....................................dut.. China......................................dut.. All other.................................. dut.. Imported from — United States............................dut.. United Kingdom...........................dut.. Germany...................................dut.. France......................................dut.. Spain..............................dut................. Italy...................................... dut.. Austria-Hungary...........................dut.. Belgium................................... dut.. China.....................du.............. dut.. Hongkong.................................dut.. Japan......................................dut.. Gunpowder and explosives: Gunpowder....................................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States...................... dut..lbs.. All other explosives............................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States......................dut..Ibs.. United Kingdom......................dut. I.bs.. Germany..............................dut..lbs.. Games and toys.............d..................dut. Imported fromUnited States.......................... dut.. Germany......................................dut.. France.....dut............................. dut.. Spain..........................dut.. Austria-Hungary......................... dut.. China.d..............................dut.. Hay..............................................dut..tons.. Imported fromUnited States................... dut..tons.. British East Indies......................dut..tons.. Australasia......................... dut..tons.. I Dollars. 24,310 3,713 170 24 3,'262 169 60,807 545 10,003 Dollars. 7,815 90 571 Dollars. Dollars. 79,703 i 13,932 84,727 10,677 21,350! 2,718 | 34,022 4,048 61,805 i 4,099 | 31,272 1,731 I-.............. 153,027.............. 102, 477....................... 48, 755.......... 1,269............ 2,026 I.............. 484.............. 199.............. 48,061............. 45,472.............. 31,295.............. 20,887.............. 9,634....1,362..2,390.............. 250............. 2,119.............. 1,059......1,521.............. 1,491 5,368.............. 2,907.............. 898.............. 6,061.. --- —--- 78,086.............. 44,365............. 23,349............... 18,378 174,088 11,867 234,054 14,337 172, 631 11,273 138,961 8,418 59, 885 3,614 109,604 5,904 107,457 6,560 101,215 5,658 14,998 902 32,884 2,355 15,993 1,214 106 10 28,178 2,093 49,955 3,151 19,186 1, 306 16,429 1,204 7,990 498 19,935 1,301 12,628 897 14,500 1,003 11,000 938.................10,604 852......................... 42,315 3,178 17,699 1,235 5,038 365. 1,093,984 71,971 696,695 30,019 825,656 41,603 1,346,160 67,441 442,438 J 33,823 474,665 20,053 725,267 36,302 1,077,369 54,915 283,591 15,362 152,374 7,080 48,089 2,567 20,772 1,179 1,458 _ _76 1,501 _ 72 44,836 2,328 238,190 10,769.............. 54,176.............. 49,926...40,328......... 43,597.......... 7,003.............. 23,399.21,184.22,759 2,986.. 3,83.............. 2,306.............. 6 3,275 14,649........... 13,719.............. 5,577.........7,641.......... 12,714.............. 5,443.5,270.............. 3,703.............. 14,964.......... 11,382.............. 10,244... 20,435.............. 1,252.............. 1,041.............. 880.........427.............. 4,069............ 3,800..3,628...7,238.............. 247. 34.............. 30628.............. 1,711 364.............. i 172....-.... 441......333 24.............................. 608......................1,711........... 2,332.............- 1,429.............. 376...........3,395 4,647........................ 3245 5,734.............. 250,804.............. 170,337.............. 124,021.......125,996.............. 36,962.............. 35,378.............. 15,175.............. 13,240 17,675.I....,.......1 18,030......... 12, 408.............. 11,806 36,962 35,378.. 15,175.............. 13,240........]...I 86,358.......... 53,948.............. 40,760............. 43,458 19,314.............. 15,230.................. 12,676.............. 13,704; 37,267.............. 15.444............. 13,138.............. 15,176 _.............. 39............. 607.............. 2,565.............. 1,439.... 1,591.............. 2,706 2,303.............. 2,265.............. 10 837.......... I 7,739 I.............. -10,837.............. 7395,.549 3399 10,103.............. 6,515 1.............. 4,830 6,260.............. 5,323.............. 1,096 980........i.... 2,150 16,301............ 13,694.12327.............. 11,564............,.................564 866 206 11,509 1,806 53,807 4,267 | 823 423 110 I 35......................... 50,686 3,960 823 423 72,387 11,610 435,473 43,138 744,010 70,188 256,294 35,383 24,424 i 7, 457 313,612 36, 185, 726, 31 65,134 243,335 30,527 784 324 2,678 488 I 2,010 727 2.683 1,047 1.160 239 4,372 1,240 8,219 3,541! 5,857 2,382.............. 130,920...........97,980.. 75,999............. 93,887............ 14,352.............. 11, 556............ 7,889......... 7,825.............. 21,345.............. 15,910.............. 13,854.........21,717 j.............. 6,670............. 4,350............. 2, 438..4,821....... 77,777............. 57,931.............. 44,796 51,576........ 467..3............. 65......... 1,258 3,138.4,151.............. 4,645......1,937 1,559 36,782 3,192 I 76,243 4,339 80,676 2,070 37,633 I 553 12,475 184 4,508 6543 15,723.1; 1.329 39,392 135 3,483 1,646 31,702 2,677 52,053 281 6,839 1,368 21,681 1,735 24 311 32,699 662 4,269 52 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND PFROM THE PHILIPPINE ISANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Quantities. I Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. I Dollars. 48,218 Hides of cattle......................dut.. Ibs.. 476,856 Imported fromUnited States.............................dut.- lbs. _ 1,457 China..................:.................. dut.. lbs.. 119,379 British East Indies.......................dut..lbs.. 284,640 Hats and caps......................dut................. Imported fromUnited States...........................dut............. United Kingdom...............................dut............... Germany.....................................dut. France........_..................... dut............... Spain...........................................dut-.......... Italy...........................................dut. Austria-Hungary........................ dut......:. — Instruments and apparatus for scientific purposes, telegraph, telephone, and other electrical........................dut.............. Imported fromUnited States................................. dut-.......... United Kingdom..............................dut................ Germany......d........................dut..... France.......................dut............... Spain...........................................dut............. Incandescent electric lamps............... dut................ Imported fromUnited States........................... dut.............. United Kingdom...............................dut............ Germany......................................dut................ France..........ot.......................... dut................ Spain.... I.......................dut................ Iron and steel, and manufactures of: Bar iron......................dut..Ibs.. 3,168,961 Imported fromUnited States...................... dut..Ibs.. 14,698 United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. 1,798,946 Germany.s..............................dut.Ibs.. 86,222 Belgium...............................dut..lbs.. 1,152,673 Sweden and Norway................ dut..Ibs.. 53 China....dt.b...s...........dut..Ibs.. 7,037 Hongkong.................... dut..Ibs.. 39,285 Bars and rods of steel.........................dut.. lbs-. 1,940,458 Imported from --- United States..................... dut..lbs.. 53,623 United Kingdom......................dut..Ibs.. 1,733,614 Germany........d................... dut..bs. 39,833 France.................................dut..lbs.. 19,902 Castings, not elsewhere specified........ --- —-.... -dut............... Imported fromUnited States.................... dut................ United Kingdom...........................dut............... Germany...................................dut.............. Cutlery: Table.........dut................... Imported from — United States................................ United Kingdom.......................dut.............. Germany........................ dut.......dut.......... France................................dut..,................ All other........................................dut,.............. Imported from --- United States...........................dut................ United Kingdom......................dut................ Germany...............................dut............... France........................... dut.............. Electrical machinery......................... ut................ Imported from — United States...............................dut................ I United Kingdom...........................dut............... Germ any...................................dut............... Franced ot....................dut................ Locks, hinges, and other builders' hardware...... dut................ Imported fromUnited States..............................dut................ United Kingdom...........................dut...... Germany..................................dut................ 91,717 Dollars. 9,186 Dollars. 149,103 21,260 22,374 Dollars. 3,549 1,373.................1,307 420 12,248 28,937 3,098 104,399 16,191.............. 26,987 52,726 5,791 44,704 5,069 20,979 3,098 258,189............. 118,862.............. 102,612 83,739 10,951 21,100 94,306 19,112 64,004 26,610 3,125 7,832 6,737 46,639 15,196 10,449 16,378 1,763 10,386 9,639 40,214 12,035 11,622 12,186 600 10,053 5,700 16,248 5,438 10,230 27,038 622 82,262.............. 54,532......... 77,636 -—..., 186,191 62,699........... 36,274............. 57,127....... 151,077 6,258........ —.... 2,416......... 3,016......... 18,557 4,461............. 4,841............ 6,681.......... 7,699 3,791.............. 8,061 —.............. 3,010............ 4,670 1,269......37........... 1,335 —... ---. -- 212 12,381.............. 6,078........... 7,394.............. 13,440 9,750 —.-......... 3,189 --—..... 4,140.........-. - 11,795 74............. 9......274.......65 1,384.............. — 1,949............. 1,210......-.... 977 500. —......... 688....... —..... 887............. 261 236.............. 19.............. 363.......................... 54,052 3,610,819 61,074 5,101,918 81,903 3,079,938 49,515 710 222,242 4,616 281,522 4,823 69,286 1,478 31,417 2,564,451 42,333 2,805,139 41,659 2,120,156 32,963 1,029......................... 54,453 2,283 1,197 44 18,062 676,140 10,308 1,585,490 23,627 797,261 12,525 1......-. — -.-...... -.... -. 206,313 4, 380................... 154 16,935 436 51,752 1,261 45,581 1,076 649 98,697 2,315 92,052 3,355 37,928 899 I ~~~~~,315 -. 43,164 1,410 33,207 703 4,754 1,872,124 345,860 896,611 375,182 84,705 58, 852 8,120 20, 628 6,531 18,489 1,203,235 152,765 842,564 69,082 24,651 28,180.1,308,621 3,703 12,870 1,438 7,940 68,252 847,943 75,842 32,758 31,591 2,108 14,313 1,664 8,164 26,755............. 24,040....... 66,569..............66,263 2,105.............. 7,680.............. 17,439............. 22,393 13,775.............. 8,688..36,162........... 25,588 7,092.... —..... 4,564....... 6,578........-...- 9,328 5,721......, 4106............ 4,503.......... 4,411 2868.............. 317.............. 114.............. 191 1,237 —......207.............94.............. 632 3,179.. ---------- 2,614.......... 2,935.............. 2,568 5028/........ 820...894.............. 556 60,393.............. 67,794............ 46,914.............. 56,313 7,254.............. 10,936............- 6,207.........8..... 747 3,410.............. 2 565............. 2,521............ 3,922 41,707.............. 46,946........... 34,548.............33,024 4,375 — 2............. 2,261............. 61.......... 4,102 7,378............. 19,532.............. 184,334.............. 86,105 4,550 1,145 1,306 239 16,269 1,480 105 984 177,314 2,829 2,523 1,655 24,213 1.............. 14,989.............. 77,309 2,993 5,429 139 14,064 6,446 3,639 3,270 25,030............. 5,546.............. 5,480.............. 10,690.............. 7,048.............. 6,583 1,655.............. 9,942 5, 447.............. 7,604 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 53 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. I I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1908 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Iron and steel, and manufactures of-Continued. Needles, pins, pens, hooks, hairpins, and surgical instruments.........d.....u.-.......................dut.. Imported fromUnited States.......... -.............. dut.. United Kingdom........ —.....,..........dut.. Germany..................................dut.. France.................................... dut.. Pipes and fittings...................-........ dut..lbs.. Imported from — United States.........................dut..lbs.. United Kingdom...... --- —--—.........dut..lbs.. Pig iron............................dut..tons.. Imported fromUnited Kingdom....................dut..tons.. China...............................dut..tons.. Printing presses, and parts of... --- —..... —... ---- dut.. Imported fromUnited States......-....................dut.Germ any...................................dut.. Pumps, and pump machinery..-.............dut.. Imported fromUnited States.................... dut.. United Kingdom -.....-............. -..... dut.. Rails for railways, steel.....................dut..tons.. Imported fromUnited States.................. dut..tons.. United Kingdom.......-............ dut. tons.. Sheets and platesIron..d................................... dut..lbs. Imported fromUnited States-.................... dut.Ibs.. United Kingdom..................dut..lbs.. Spain.............................dut..lbs.. Belgium. -.....-...... —. —.-. ---.dut..Ibs.. Steel......................................dut- bs. Imported from- - United States.....................dut..bs.. United Kingdom..................dut..Ibs.. Germany...-..dot........... dut.- bs.. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 27,519....-......... 25,396.............. 20,282............. 22,547............... 4,219..............-5,519............. 4,611............. 5,216.............. 3,915 - - 3,819....-...... 2,269.............. 2,831.............. 10,263.............. 11,9247,935............ 9,169.............. 3,602............. 1,672.3,012.............. 1,592 937,860 39,534 2,773,181 94,556 4,611,979 106,656 1,575,577 50,603 536,669 26,320 2,468,724 83, 608 4,153,270 91,707 1,164,547 40,391 298,137 10,049 244,436 7,785 415,274 13,134 380,747 8,868 983 5,813 379 6,450 1,041 16,676 498 8,284 I" --- —---------- -- 1 877 i 5,657 303 4,808 1,030 16,458 428 6,998 106 156.......................... 11 218 60 1,103......... 28,399...... 8,791..... 11.757.............. 3,238..............I 26,904.............. 1,975............. 10,103 8.............899.............. 985.............. 3,082.. —......... 1,332.............. 2,135.......... 19,626.-............. 21,372 39,258.............. 12,829............... 14,327............. 11,201. -............. 34,068 -. ---- --- 9,032 2.............. 2,819 -............. 6,253 -...-....... 2,406............. 2,382 15 646 7,082 249,09 618 227,115 341 11,250 '.-................... 74 4,414 927 22,407 273 8,428 10 434 3,661 98,172 7,691 204,708 27 1,136 ~ - - ~! --—.... 8,003,560 59,945 7,823,991 363 27,639 948,087 220,506 562,894.i 8,309 224,597 1 9,154,875 237,126 10,248,550 1 246,744 10,443,522 281,921 -1 1,967 217,631 25 415 139,334 8,931,868 2,152 7,117. 4,991 229,373 288 109 43,780 9,930,953 65,090 156,266 i J 1I -:I- -- --— i I -- — I - - 27,334 4,368 19,203 412 980,150 19,681 320,768 526,954 6,208 9,839........ 678,297 126,487 429,163 9,959 i Steam engines, and parts of — Locomotives.......dut.. no.. I T i I Ii i I I i L iI i - -- -- --- I —. --- I --- 1, 967 238,587 2,215 2,433 317,543 9,898,956 15,367 119.731 14,372 3,095 8,511 260 804,929 120,025 482,606 25,609 15,194 2,009 8,036 604 I _1 9,108 265,395 312 2,148 3 3,845 7 20,143 6 22,143 8 Imported from- United States -........ du.n........... no. 3 | 3,845 United Kingdom..................dut. no.............. France-.-.......................... dut. no...................... Stationary engines.......................dut.no. 39 36,113 Imported from — United States.....................dut..no.. 23 I 21,368 United Kingdom..................dut..no.. 12 9,921 Germany..............-d t....... dut.. no...................... Boilers, and parts of engines..................dut-.............. 45,183 Imported from — United States -dot-....................-..... 11,252 United Kingdom..................dut.................: 22, 758 Germany-..-.. —..-........-..... -.....dut.........-...... 2,812 China..................................dut................ 1,272 Hongkong.............................dut................. 3,018 Japan '............................... 400 British East Indies.................... dnt.............. 2,366 6 13,683 6. 6,460........... 22,143 2 6 16,371 1,196 15,175 = - -' i - '" I-= i --- —---- l I 59 43,148 -I 27 43,290 -I -- - - 79 42 8 22,944 12,948 16 5 3 36, 766 3,626 2,396 79,582 62,428 13,755 1,716 49 20 6 i) —~ ----~= --- —" --- t: - I - I ___ __ -F.............. 47,644.............. 107,686 -.............. -i- -. - 13,871 I.............. 14,915.............. 4,928 '. 13,797................................... *IIf I Ii f 42,151 48,306 605 3,273 6,119 5,000 2,232 44,181 9,589 21,744 2,014 4,991 5,028 Sewing machines, and parts of.....................dut... Imported fromUnited States-dot......................... dut... United Kingdom...........................dut.. Germany................................... dut... Austria-Hungary..o..................... dut... Structural iron and steel.................... dut..tons.. Imported fromUnited States....................... dut..tons.. United Kingdom.....................dut..tons.. Germany............................ dut. tons. -.............. 119,348.............. 122,109 50,553-..............6, 46,431.............. 1 30,199.............. 24,105 i.............. 22,870.............. 20,619.............. 239............. 288 i.............. 473.............. 527 284,341.............. 95,626 i............. 24,357............... 25,090.............. 210........................................ 2,375............-............. 2102,3375,8 28 135126 8,9 _1 844 69,397 806 49 580 2,873 163527 1,326 86,989 6 298 172 9,786 1,332 82,871 723 767 64.906 96 5,549 1,408 67,942 339 2 242........................!16 3,529 141 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~141 42,341 27, 416 8,592 =I* 54 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. ~ ~ - - - -1 -- -- = -- -- - -- - - ------ 1903 1904 1905 r 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Iron and steel, and manufactures of-Continued. Sugar' and brandy machinery......................dut.. Imported fromUnited States....................... dut.. United Kingdom..........................dut.. Germany..................................dut.. Tools, n. e. s........................................dut.. Imported fromUnited States..............................dut.. United Kingdom............................dut.. Germany............................ dut.. France.................................. dut.. Typewriter machines...........................dut..no.. Imported from — United States.........................dut..no. United Kingdom...................dut..no.. Wire.................................d...dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States.........................dut..lbs.. United Kingdom.......d........dut-.bs.. Germany............dut..Ibs.. France...............................dut..bs.. Wire and wire cables..................... dut..tons.. Imported fromUnited States..........d........... dut..tons.. United Kingdom.................dut..tons.. Germany.............................dut..tons.. Spain dut........................dut..tons.. Detached parts of other machinery and machines.. dut.. Imported fromUnited States..............dut.. United Kingdom.....do.........dut.. Germany.............................. dut.. France........................-............dut.. Other machines and apparatus.....................dut.. Imported fromUnited States............................ dut.. United Kingdom...........................dut.. Germany............................. dut.. France.....-.......-.....................dut.. Spain....................................... dut.. Jewelry, and other manufactures of gold and silver: Jewelry.............................................dut.. Imported fromUnited States............................... dut.. Germany.......................d........ dut.. France................................... dut. Lamps, chandeliers, and other devices for illuminating purposes................................................. Imported fromUnited States............................. United Kingdom..............................dut.. Germany......................................dut.. Leather, manufactures of: Boots and shoes...........................dut..prs.. Imported fromUnited States............dut..prs.. United Kingdom......................dut..prs.. Germany...............................dut..prs. France................................dut..prs. Spain.................................-dut..prs.. Austria-Hungary.....................dut..prs.. Switzerland.......................... dut.. prs.. China..................................dut. prs.. Japan......................... dut..prs.British East Indies....................dut.prs.. Malt liquors: Beer, in bottles.........d......................dut..doz.. Imported fromUnited States......................... dut..doz.. United Kingdom................dut.. doz.. Germany........................... dut-.doz.. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 3,693......17,64...10,455.............. 12,071........... 450.................. 0............. 1......203 3,243. 1....... 17,646....... 10,30410, 009.............. 76,033............. 125,488............. 105,717.......... 89,331......... 27,218.......... 55,678.............. 57,367.............. 42,066.............. 18,763.............. 35, 641...............21,101.............. 21,821.............. 29,014.............. 19,173........... 13,979........................ 6,116........3,071.............. 6,673 603 20,714 1,037 48,631 569 34,696 555 29,933 593 20,084 1,024 47,750 541 33,087 526 28,161 1 65 8 658 25 1,519 23 1,400 1,867,316 43,000 1,930,074 44,762 1,541,723 33,739 1,087,599 24,191 827,972 17,442 886,188 18,834 1,005,455 20,642 499,905 10,762 384,065 8,773 533,432 14,164 137,945 3,667 383,215 8,840 493,893 12,067 319,297 7,465 326,857 7,875 118,525 2,843 1,339 107 9,565 543 27,920 597 42,482 656............. 19,643 302 34,403 443 40,893 307 31,375..6,513 96 14,545 253 25,877 109 10,504.......... 6,513 118 10,389 74 5,814 89 12,475 3,380 59 4,321 53 3,162 56 4,330 6 638 15 2,527 23 2,406..............4.............. 79,698.......... 136,993............. 119,469.............. 68,418 22,696............. 58,604.............. 38,358.............. 36,305.............. 26,548.............. 22,082.............. 10,957.............. 2,343........... 21,417........... 5,374.............. 4,913.......7,332.......... 24,049.............. 7,550.............. 8,844.............. 219,952............ 285,677............. 267,044.............. 209,802.............. 80,953...13.................. 181,736............. 124,979............. 68,921.............. 67,316............. 24,781............ 25,032......12,679............ 30,881.27,986......... 14,717 41,839.............. 47,877.17,793............. 40,815........4,390.............. 1,219.......... 2,119.............. 262.............. 217,307.............. 258,928............ 160,165.............. 150,939.............. 8,842..............5,076......... 14,461.............. 20,292 16,338..12............ 22,926......... 39,933.............. 182,599......... 231,658......... 118,104.....80,281 28,973........14,839.. 23,582 9.8......... 28,979.3,806............. 962.....3,711.............. 4,667.............. 3,514............. 3,502.............. 1,909 15,386.............. 15,2479,842............. 20,271 789,066 541,370 463,785 344,382 438,511 356,605 392,410 336,553 40,670 73,604 46,867 85,486 101,409 161,018 103,879 176,332 5,998 10,942 1,903 933 939 669 2,626 3,185 31,808 19,950 28.979 15,767 10,711 7,645 7,803 3,570 6,317 6,779 2,807 3,547 960 899 1,316 1,669 583,352 382,277 306,091 210,431 277,705 173,613 248,760 140,146 54,551 30,313 27,702 14,559 4,453 2,093 5,170 2,953 1,059 549 4 10 8,704 2,160 560 217 49,576 12,632 32,663 8,931 19,652 5,232 13,097 5,018 8,486 1,078 11,369 1,494 10,566 1,456 5,804 1,183 3,742 1,444 2,945 1,469 2,716 975 1,727 798 241,766 452,292 181,298 269,697 166,346 251,236.............. 193,926 3180 19 90 8,7915 77 0,71 7 65,83, 7 206,782 3,574 20,953 I 395,891 150,192 214,153 6,009 2,121 4,281 24,594 i 24,793 43,418 141,461 4,282 17,592 206,519 8,148 31,832 130,155 12,435 50,041 =1 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 55 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHIIIPPINE ISLANDS IIDURIN(; 'TiE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL (COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTE) AND TO WHICH EXPOTEDi) —Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. 1903 1904 1905 Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1906 Quantities. Values. Dollars. 289,449 ' 18,265 Metal, and metal compositions: Tin, in sheets.................................dut. lbs.. Imported fromUnited States...............-....- dut.Ilbs.. United Kingdom..................... dut..lbs.. China..................................dut..Ibs.. Manufactured articles..............................dut.. Imported fromUnited States............................... dut.. United Kingdom...................... dut.. Germany...................................dut. - France........................ —. ---. --- —- dut.. Oils: Mineral oils, refined or manufactured — Naphtha, including the ighter products of distillation............................ dut..galls.. Imported fromUnited States....................dut..galls.. Illuminating oils............................ dut..galls.. Imported from — United States...-.................dut..galls.. Russia...............................dut.galls.. Dutch East Indies..-.......... dut..galls.. Lubricating and heavy paraffin oils..........dut..galls-. Imported fromUnited States........................dut.galls.. United Kingdom.............. dut. galls-.. Germany............................dut..galls. Vegetable oilsLinseed oil............................. dut..galls.. Imported fromUnited States....................dut..galls. United Kingdom............... dut..galls.. Paper, and manufactures of: Paper pulp.........................................dut.. Imported fromUnited States..............................dut.. United Kingdom...........................dut.. Germany...................................dut.. France......................................dut.. Spain.................................... dut-. Austria-Hungary.. -................. --- —..dut.. China.......................................dut.. IHongkong..................................dut.. - Japan.......................................dut.. Paper for printing purposes...................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States......................... dut. lbs.. United Kingdom......................dut.. Ibs.. Germany..............................dut..lbs.. France.................................dut.. lbs.. Spain..................................dut..lbs.. Austria-Hungary..................... dut..lbs.. Wrapping paper, paper bags and boxes.......dut..Ibs.. Imported fromUnited States........................ dut..Ibs.. United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. Germany..............................dut..lbhs.. France.................................dut..lbs.. Spain..................................dut..lbs.. Writing paper and envelopes.................dut.. Imported from — United States............................. dut.. United Kingdom...........................dut.. Germ any...................................dut.. France......................................dut- - Spain.......................................dut.. Italy..ng'. /~i.l.i.:.. ZZ.-.-.iii.-.-. — dut.. Austria-Hungary...........................dut. - Belgium....................................dut.. Blank books and headed papers....................dut.. Imported fromUnited States..............................dut.. United Kingdom......................... - dut.. Germ any...................................dut.. France......................................dut.. Spain.......................................dut.. 7: 7:.1 I -I.i i 1 i I 133,609 Dollars. 8,701 229,089 Dollars. 13,849 223,001 Dollars. 13,406 1,649 208 5,610 1,152 7,270 1,357 29,572 5,535 79,523 4,464 131,895 8,870 131,037 i 6,890 87,455 4,602 35,210 2,209 76,384 2,8660 75,652 i 3,806 128,723 4,271............. 44,687..........-.. 35,520............. 37,886.............. 27,869.............. 6,658 -..-.... --- —.... 4,310............ 6,320.............. 4,749 7,520.............. 8,419.4,764 3,959 16,976.............. 17,139 16,784.............. 14,974.............. 2,149......................... 2,149....... 45...... 2642............. 1,360 22,908 5,357 46,890 14, 126 64, 742 13, 447 i 68, 604 9,10o 22,493 5,120 45,005 13,446 61,695 12,936 67,865 8,899 6,295,533 652,362 4,684,264 485,35 36 9,290,605 792,897 4,579,918 358,317 2,928,284 325,576 2,379,440 246,519 5,755,939 443,512 3,779,454 272,231 2,966,926 283,951 2,304,219 238,762 i 3,131,864 302,620 399,514 39,267 390,394 41,155..402,140 4(i,656 397,730 46,365 68,397 24,504 123,664 1 48,134 116,845 37,190 1 295,885 67,914 61,968 21,159 111,435 43,159 104,482 32,274 270,344 60,911 3, 401 2,047 7,199 2,926 4,948 1,717 i 13,292 3,759 65 71 711 535 913 548 1,646 789 72,026 40,989 71,475 32,688 117,932 37,142 115,860 35,924 1,011 592 4,824 2,115 17,949 5,715 7,496 2,567 66,528 37,844 65,747 30,156 92,036 28,418 91,545 29,164 247,241.......... 251,243.............. 250,120........... 203,695 35,245............. 38,399.............. 48,647.36,769............... 7,645.......83....... 8378.............. 6833 6,972......... 19,675.......... 13,811.....6... 6,857.............. 8,737........... 95,752.............. 94,710.............. 71,324.............. 68,780............. 43,314........... 33 885.............. 50,253...... 31,148............. 24,356......... 40 073....... 44,210 32,520 9........... 858.......... ' 12 191.............. 11,074.............. 8,545.............. 720........... 957.............. 571.............. 3,350.............. 5,557.............. 6,734.............. 9,106.......... 5,336 2,634,631 92,269 1,783,007 73,820 2,421,532 89,571 1,772,408 63,041 1,787,831 55,853 478,265 a20,619 1,108,526 36,399 1,026,896 31,887 45 161 1,952 84,484 3,759 104,763 4,274 80,328 3,105 415,540 15,601 621,738 21,504 650,716 20,004 309,378 13,136 100 275 3,453 218,259 5,8 80 29,445 1,033 4,904 363 189,798 11,957 321,109 19,811 269,905 18,984 129,622 6,276 40,743 1,296 39,045 1,498 176,394 6,245 1 127,129 4,809 139,204 6,136 495,969 26,305 1,312,740 55,906 900,672 39,747 21 927 519 66,036 4,443 551,068 20,846 198,040 9,745 7,702 251 i 43,296 4,493 32,851 4,189 80,021 4,006 20 262 444 127,036 6,257 134,984 8,849 122,145 9,046 21 945 840 74,869 3,187 46,622 4,845 19,595 1,8,51 15,048 324 136,066 5,340 103,143 6,517 51,564 5,323......... 76,607 7.. 747,7237,.770..58,111... ]....t 25,360.............. 27,162............. 27,663............ 26,084 5,780....... 7,253. — ---- 5,339............. 3,034............. 9,386.............. 7,867 --- --..... 4 518......5,249..............- 1,878..............i 1,........... 1,580..............| 1,415............. 21,228.............. 23,605........... 23,219....... —.... 12,888...663.......... 76...... 1,778............. 3,697 26.......... 26...... 1,68.........1.... 6105...............878..............' 1,744..............1 1 3552,56.............. 1.2 022.............. 6,644............ 5,349.............. 64819,841.......'.'..... 7,895.....6....... 6,449.... 4...... 4,945.............. 7,088 1,733 514............. 5.......... I 1 73.............. 230..............552.1.......785.............. 5........... 8.............. 1,025.6..............1........5.................... 8,370 f 56 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL AWRICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICHii EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Paraffin and wax.....-........................ dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States.....................-dutl..bs.. United Kingdom.......dut.......... dut.lbs.. China.................. dut..Ibs.. Japan.d.......................... dut..Ibs-. Perfumery and cosmetics...............................dut.. Imported fromUnited States..............dut.. United Kingdom...............................dut.. Germany...................................... dut.. France.......................................... dut.. Spain...........................................dut.. Pianofortes.......................................... dut.. Imported from — United States.................... dut..no.. Germany.................................-dut..no.. France................................ dut.. no.. Spain...........................-..:..... dut.. no.. Plated ware...................................dut.. Imported from — United States..................................dut. United Kingdom.............................. dut.. Germany.....................................dut. France...................................... dut. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 1,838,720 137,430 1,873,034 100,637 1,071,671 59,341 1,037,415 65,487 349,464 15,537 405,409 27,493 519,306 19,783 582,941 25,844 101,636 4,656 15,350 1,093 37,130 1,548 5,322 425 232,984 20,513 48, 898 4,542 228,243 12,199 210,736 17,589 1,056,296 82,618 1,392,060 66,325 269,227 24,717 173,808 16,012...-........ 83,308.............. 75,474.. 67 677 69,209.............. 8,455.............. 9,331.1.....0..... 10167............. 9,513.............. 4,653.............. 4,993.............. 1923............. 2,910.............. 5,709............. 7,213.............. 3,571............. 4,267.............. 57,555............. 51,142.............. 49,200.............. 47,345.............. 3,977 1,226........Q... 986.............. 708 106 17,119 145 20,091 134 19,690 133 20,208 4 670 4 706 4 441 7 988 19 2,893 27 4,548 51 7,216 63 8,508 41 6,690 18 2,548 22 3,254 17 3,912 38 6,201 96 12,289 54 8,381 41 5,706........... 67,582 3............. 7719..............36,382.............. 21,408............. 24,395.............. 35,858.............. 15,963............. 10,209......w......... 2,351 -...............986............. 13,204.......... 11,742.............. 5,581............ 2,184............. 16,679.............. 23,451. 13,361.............. 4,637, i iiiii I Provisions.............................. free.. Ibs. 1 998,166 82,155 2,735,284 204,262 10,379,978. 491,289 7,914,518 411,240 Beef, freshImported fromHongkong.............................free. l.bs.. Australasia.....r................. free..lbs. Beef, canned.................................- dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States...................... dut..lbs.. Bacon.................................. dut..lbs. Imported from — United States..........................dut..lIbs.. Spain............................. dut..lbs.. China..................................dut...bs.. Hams and shoulders...........................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States..........................dut..bs.. United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. France................................dut..Ibs.. Spain.................................. dut..lbs.. China................................dut..lbs.. Pork, fresh...................................free..lbs.. Imported from — United States..-........l..-....... free..lbs.. Australasia............................free...bs.. Lard...........................................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States..........................dut..s. United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. Spain........................... dut..lbs..| China..l............................ dut..bs. All other meat products.......................dut..lbs..I Imported from — United States..........................dut..lbs..1 United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. Spain..................................dut..lbs.. Switzerland.d............................dut. Ibs. China..................................dut.. bs..I Butter............................... dut. lbs.. Imported fromUnited States.....l.....................dut.lbs.. United Kingdom......................dut..lbs.. Germany........................ dut..lbs.. France........................ dut..bs.. Italy...................................dut..bs. Australasia.............................ut lbs. 31 9 88 10.......................... 998,166 82,155 2,735,253 204,253 10,379,890 491,279 7,914,518 411,240 175,095 20,686 239,579 23,433~ 116,121 11,505 227,736 21,190 109,399 11,522 236,697 22,959 115,206 11,354 220,708 20,506 65,146 7,768 82,311 11,135 163,304 20,649 69,471 10,933 46,284 4,625 50,340 6,261 134,646 16,264 45,238 6,414 9,640 1,704 16,278 2,830 9,633 1,740 10,952 1,985 2,728 267 7,570 890 4,781 831 4,082 761 1,545,493 155,130 1,477,063 167,181 1,439,535 148,914 1,203,605 144,689 108,448 13,504 171,043 18,594 231,721 24,904 154,687 23,577 251,865 30,013 325,917 41,655 212,428 22,762 101,583 16,110 21,393 2,628 33,798 3,619 17,420 1,922 16,481 2,631 16,311 3,912 25,834 6,747 20,075 4,767 7,465 2,113 1,079,529 98,908 848,125 88,108 853,522 83,140 806,766 81,026 38,026 5,728 59,418 7,642 409,628 24,928 379,276 20,286 16,045 2,171 40,241 5,141....................................... 21,981 3,557 19,177 2,501 409,628 24,928 379,276 20,286 2,792,463 185,894 3,722,227 262,140 2,983,064 197,088 2,871,099 164,357 165,266 15,4321 208,38q9 15,581 243,914 16,886 211,493 14,011 26,410 1,653 60,549 4,582 33,783 2,384 35,181 1,721 24,596 1,831 14,277 1,819 19,621 2,827 1,584 149 2,419,854 157,617 3,392,838 237,011 2,615,725 171,880 2,558,214 144,879.............. 157,443.............. 140,012 453...133,589.............. 34,890.... 41,313.............. 42,823.38,097.............. 11,113....... 9,807....7,418.............. 5,938.... 0,591......0591 40,575.......... 32,281.............. 33,169 868 102 1,043 242 1,362 485................. 114,865 16,164 57,979 10,469 66,792 11,894. 189,332 48,401 251,846 56,583 392,221 81,736 310,244 70,630 3,313 7, 452 11,43,5 11,310 686 102,022 741 1,685 4.083 3,479 90 25,047 2,035 9,192 2.729 17,038 48,162 147,214 467 2,229 726 4,992 9,344, 32,330 937 19,648 14,939 12,800 57,167 274,958 183 5,417 4,365 3,684 12,192 52,586 468 3,918 11,941 10,789 253, 874 79 1,154 4,037 3,088....53, 984 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 57 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMIPORTS-Continued. — ^11 --- —----------------------- ------------------------- -------— 1. — 1-1.. ---1 ---- — - -.. _ -----— ~ --- —------- - ---- -------- --- 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Provisions-Continued. Imitation butter.............................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States......................dut..lbs.. United Kingdom.....do...l.......... dut..Ibs.. China..................................d t..lbs.. Cheese........................................ dut..Ibs.. Imported fromUnited States.................... dut..lbs.. United Kingdom.....................dut..Ilbs.. Germany..dut......................... dut..bs. France.......................... dut..lbs.. Spaind..ot. -................... dut..bs.. Belgium................................ dut..lbs.. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 32 Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 324,635 55,220 189,429 31,895 146.045 23,714 203,701 33,624 7,330 1, 172 3,377 651 3, 465 467 7,950 i 1,339 152,366 25,728 104,492 18,204 39,327 6,267 21,160 3,467 127,011 21,153 74,858 11,978 94,547 15,604 154,017 25,597 347,643 43,959 329,945 38,518 380,027 46, 668 376,105 42,384 I 4 4 395 2,4 10,749 113,978 13,866 92,893 1,659 1,168 1,374 13,700 1,81)0 13,370 283 90 6,373 96,177 40,366 75,275 3,971 1,346 656 11,270 5,244 9,615 836 136 5,944 141,497 12,854 49,467.8,428 7,949 700 16,796 1,823 6,388 1,149 749 10,279 122,213 8,719 51,852 664 1,474 900 1_4,230 1,543 6,269 100 256 I - Milk, condensed............................. dut..lbs.. 3,070,038 Imported fromUnited States...........................dutlbs.. 569,073 United Kingdom.......d.............dut..lbs.. 1,358,908 France................................ dut..lbs.. 42,838 Italy.....................dut..Ilbs........... Switzerland..........................dut..lbs.. 99,820 China.................................. dut..lbs.. 680,467 Rice............................................... dut..Ilbs.. 677,238,885 Imported fromUnited States................dut..lbs.. 14,665 Spain..............................bs 92,489 China..d................................... dut..bs.. 159,421,408 Hongkong.................................dut..Ibs.. 2,713,093 Japan......................................dut..lIbs. _ 18,168 British East Indies.......................dut..lbs. 60,911,597 Dutch East Indies...........do........... dut..,bs............... French East Indies......l........... dut..lbs.. 416,312,108 Siam......................................dut..Ibs.. 36,258,577 Other Asia...................... d......... bs 1,496,780 Rubber, manufactures of: Belting, hose, and bagging...............dut..lbs.. 35,025 Imported fromUnited States...........................dut. bs.. 28,084 United Kingdom.dot l.......... dut.. lbs...2,365 Boots and shoes......................... dut..prs................ Imported fromUnited States.........................dut..prs................ United Kingdom......................dut..prs............. Germany........do........... dut..prs................ France........................ dut. -prs................ Silk, manufactures of: Yarn and thread..........d...................du..lbs.. 42,983 Imported fromUnited States....................... dut..lbs.. 4 United Kingdom.....................dut. lbs.. 787 China..................................dut..Ibs.. 40,840 Hongkong............................dut..Ibs.. 911 Velvet and plushes............................... Imported fromUnited States.............d......... dut.............. United Kingdom...........................dut Germany..................... dut................ France.........dot....................... dut................ Belgium.................................... dut.............. Tulles and laces....................................dut.. Imported fromUnited States............................. dut. United Kingdom............... ---...-...dut................ Germ any...................................dut.............. France................................................ France dut. Spain.................................................. Belgium....................................dut.............. Soap: Common soap.................................dut..Ibs.. 278,160 Imported fromUnited States.........................dut..lbs.. 59,498 United Kingdom......................dut-.lbs.. 39,482 China..................................dut..lbs.. I 98,710 247,366 3,233,052 251,261 3,018,676 233,667 3, 776,761 284, 495 49, 757, 079, 701 90,551 1,076,545 88,298 1,479,961 106,947 105,670 1,353,198 I 103.992 1.260,631 i 97,192 1,634,449 128,052 2,645 298,655 18,.338 (69,931 4, 374 17,252 876......-.................... 49,766 ' 3,402 2,889 161 8,386 126,978 9,500 248,147 16,149 357, 205 24,580 54.060 335,517 25,614 267,145 20,569 254,891 21,079 10,061,323 727,139,614 11,548,814 563.282.346 7,456,738 304,351,232 4,375,500 281.......................................... 2,673 67,010 3,214 42,639 2,046 56,722 2,572 2,527,736 288 3......................... 41,809............................................................................ 512 2,588,910 33,324 16,032 392 21,643 478 923,129 84,576,569 1,322,509 40,551,991 583,901 18,507,488 263,931.. —... --- —-. 65,004 1,126 436,779 5,389 3,029 43 5,946,483 581,497,876 9,194,135 459,299,772 5.962,993 264,686, 524 3.798,853 595,803 50,453,538 853,015 62,934,913 902,013. 22,897 7,890,419 141,488.................-.... 21,074,594 309,591 11,682 83, 494 31,252 74,811 31,837 62,725 26,135 9, 092 56,937 24,334 61,278 26,395 50,958 19,876 1,083 14,255 4,344 9,136 3,347 8,614 4,271 14,971.. 7,150 8,875 8,827 7,468 9,136 1,5908 3,634 3,253 3,295 4,774 4,630 5,845 607 1,195 683 434 327 81 80 4,339............. 349 1,635 814 175 211 1,665 85 102 999 578 636 603 111,673 84,900 238,228 59,216 161,341 63,276 124,001 27 326 384 932 1,715 262 557 1, 65 1,371 3,846 3, 643 9,85( 341 877 106,483 80,958 227,1639 53,278 147,389 W60,34 117,557 2,499 8 30 429 1,132 1,210 2,604 40, 958.............I 25,510............ 59,670.....15,846 16............. 18,328.......... 14,630............ 1,071............. 4 2,317 18,157 3,080 1,897 87 13,627 41,310 823 3,796 54 4,267 8,570 509 1,049 76,838............. 9,309.............. 23,373............ 21,971 353 i 3,470............. 3,470!.............. 13,637 1 43,206 1............ 6,734............ 695.............. 32 3,419 2,986 16,356 1,735 272 387 1,123 3,312 15,396 1,052 1,033 27 1,489 3,272 9,414 1,248 1,635 8,499 285,819 10,837 311,794 14,716 488,760 21,163......., 2,489 1,080 2,544 96, 226 35,171 107,012 5,227 1,369 2,918 172,281 43,599 89,572 9,709 178,710 1,602 205,863 3,094 71,908 8,432 8,178 2,167 58 ~~~~THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE ]FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH ExPoRTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. 1908 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Values. Quantities' IValues. Quniis Vales Quantities. Values. Quantities. Soap-Continued. All other.................... dut. - lb)5..I Dollars. 112,475 29,472 Imported f rom- I United States..............dut. A bs,. 1 35,456 United Kingdom............du-t..Ihbs. - 33,'812 Germany................dut..lbs.. 26,257 France.................dut - Abs. - 10,112 Spain..................dot..Abs.. 957 1, 025 6,990 3,646 5,523 272 89,959 28,717 28,255 16,126 11,372 499 Dollars. 23,947 5,838 9,037 2,450 5,165 138 Dollars. 29,677 137,778 35,921 33,211 31,583 10, 419 3,101 7,633 10,870 3,832 4,808 694 163,765 56,598 53,609 16,565 7,809 9,591 Dollars. 26, 483 6,727 11,576 2,097 2,698 1,420 _________________ I________________ _____________ _______________ I I - -I Spirits, distilled: Brandy.................. dot.. pf -galls.. Imported fromUnited States............dut..pf. galls.. United Kingdom..........dut..pf.galls.. Germany..............dut..pf.galls..France...............dut. -.pf.galls.. Spain.dot...............dtpf.galls.. Whisky.................. dot..pf.galls,.. I mported fromUnited States.......... dot..pf-galls.. United Kingdom.(lot...... dtt.pf.galls_. All other............ dut..pf. galls.. Imported fromUnited States...........dut..pf galls.. United Kingdom......... dut..pfi.galls.-. Germany.............dot..pf~galls.. France...............dot..pf~galls.. S5pain.do..............tt.. pf -gall s-.. Netherlands............ dot..pf.gl.. China................dot..pfigalls.. IHongkong.............dot..pf galls..British East Indies.........dot..pf.galls.. Canada ------------— dot.. pf. galls. sugar, candy and confectionery: Sugar, refined..................dot..lhs.. Imported from17nited States............. dut..lbs.. United Kingdom............dotit. lbs.. Germany...... -—...... dut..lhs.. China.............._-_dut, lbs.. llongkong............... dat..lhs.. Candy and confectionery.... ------- dot..I.... Imported fromUnited States......... --- —dot..Ibs.. United Kingdosn............dut..lbs.France..................dot. lbs.. Spain................dot..lbs.. Tea......................... dot..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States................dot..lbs.. United Kingdom.do.................dt.b. China.................... dut..bs.., Hlongkong.................dut..11)...Japan.-..............dot..lbs.. British East Indies.(lot.......... dul-bs -.Varnish.do............. At..galls.. Imported fromUnited States..............dot..galls.. United Kingdom.............dot. galls.. Germany.................dut..galls.. Vegetables: Beans and pease...............dut..bush.. Importe.d fromUnited States............dut..bush.. Spain.................dot..bush.. ChIna................ dut..bush.. Hlongkong...............dot..bush.. Onions........... -----— free...ush.. Imported fromUnited States.free.............fr-bh. United Kingdom...........frec..bush.. S'pain -................free..bosh.. China.free..................fe.bs. Hongkong...............free..bosh.. Japan~~~~~~~free-.bush... Ariis Es t' Indie's f r ee..boush.. 13,748 1 33,285 7,652 1 22, 396 9,183 26,468 4, 820 17,042 1,923 1,811 915 1, 406 114 264 820 1,217 927 3,375 271 1,306 273 1,194 498 2,215 140 380 544 1,553 704 2,522 51 244 7,540 19,492 3,035 9,068 6, 358 16,629 1,626 6,807 2,585 6,328 2,373 7,512 1,684 5,777 1,447 5,379 59, 712 143,542 38,539 98,714 36,945 83,640 16,618 37,300 35,120 85,851 26,880 74,474 34,128 77,572 6,638 16,407 13,256 294,011 9,824 20,347 2.715 5,832 7,660 16,044 123,287 1 130,854 101.,799 1 106,408 117,413 1 159,617 106,518 16,625 14,236 2,857 7,138 3,095 34,0152 8, 789C 10,664 20,383 602 32,994 16,642 5,169 15,268 9,534 21,481 6,382 5,227 13,972 1,361 6, 586 21,090 1,29.2 3,165 1,446 37, 572 2,322 934 24,632 2,593 9,097 34,613 3,078 7,795 4,243 21,424 2,809 1,232 14,521 7,319 9,425 30,379 1,827 a, 012 34,750 4,832 752 14,462 8,656 24,663 52,859, 4,200 10,407 9,723 20,717 5,297 1,769 7,871 21, 441 18,704 24,245 2,766 2,787 1,583 22,759 1,424 720 29,197 2, 253 145,183 38,309 51,289 5,453 5,329 4,772 14,708 1,531 1, 589 16,241 5,793 5,401,853 143,117 6,638,521 194,661 4,693,398 159,741 2,613,131 93,649 79,433 2,555 1.32,630 4,210 40,588 1,360 30,`685 1,478 219, 516 6,498 181,750 4,893 87,941 3,043 16,003 769 35,228 828 64,703 1,694 125,043 3,935 23', 571 741 3,319,914 85,658 4,098,460 116,835 3,104,872 105,706 629,075 24,085 1,570,221 42,937 1,944,272 61,594 1,207,073 41,503 1,792,494, 63,139 252,322 42,473 179,057 27,400 137,403 21,951 205,192 30,456 23,150 4,522 5.9,319 10,351 38,747 6,120 79,491 11,701 30,361 3,417 23,139 2,706 21,866 3,163 32,599 4, 928 16,835 3,277 9,477 1,875 6,131 1,356 18,802 3,016 156,540 27,472 58,329 11,166 57,900 10,276 60,646 9,516 4,55,118 40,777 3.37,962 36,601 295,222 37,957 307,708 38,232 279 7 6..............321 59 157 32 3, 309 610 2,850 608' 2,388 485 922 171 422,707 42,435 300,352 30,067 253, 769 27,762 263,142 29,806 13,010 1,386 2,862 423 2,826 602 848 167 6,959 606 11, 514' 1,746 20,551 6,007 21,684 4,438 8,854 1,664 19,858 3,582 15,329 3,037 19,028 3,257 12,593 11,715 18,068 17,802 27,586 13,313 21,749 20,553 8,926 7,701 15,124 13,887 23,266 9,304 17,044 15,347 653 1,023 1,041 1,699 1,067 1,404 1,526 2,307 2,177 1,886 686 646 1,302 1,079 1,686 1, 425 104,770 85,616 54,308 70,909 47,282 67,130 41,242 67,949 4,290 2,395 5,039 8,054 3,312 5,081 3,356 6,511 12,225 29,937 7,695 35,750 5,366 27,379 6,564 31,130 87,062 52,168 40,803 26,270 36,678 32,532 30,580 29,471 861 748 9 9 911 1.083 24 29 127,763 91,218 117.890 105,109 115,079 92,872 103,285 94,578 26,539 21,918 4,750 4,332............... 4,700 3,229 220 159 2,456 3,062 2,349 2,999 965 638 38 50......... 282 419 56 39 3,1521 4,475 4,634. 5,3 6,381 6,342 26,348 28,114 6,223 6,340 185 195 801 814 101 147 60,683 251.217 70,093 54,817 68,379 45,869 40,739 27,985 18,666 23,150 24,131 30,457 30,972 34,116 19,7195 24,0.39 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 59 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTEI) AND) TO WIICH EXPORTED-Continued. I IMPORTS-Continued. 1908 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. alues. --- ntiti- ----- -- -s. Q Vu Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. I Vegetables-Continued. Potatoes.................................... free..bush. - Imported fromUnited States.......................free..bush.. United Kingdom...-.............. free..bush. - China................................free..bush.. Japan........................ free..bush.. British East Indies..................free..bush.. Australasia..........................free..bush.. Canned vegetables..-...........................dut..lbs.. Imported fromUnited States....... -.................dut..Ibs.. United Kingdom...........-.......dut..lbs. - Germany.............................. dut..Ibs.. France..du...t...................... dut..Ibs.. Spain.................................. dut..lbs.. Switzerland............-.............dut..bs. China......l..........................dut..bs.. All other (including pickles and sauces)............dut.. Imported fromUnited States............................. dut. - United Kingdom...........................dut - Germany...................................dut.. Spain....................................... dut.. Japan........................................ dut. - China....................................... dut.Vessels: Steam.................................... dut.. -gr. tons.. Imported fromUnited States....................dut..gr. tons.. United Kingdom.................dut..gr. tons.. China.............................dut..gr. tons.. Hongkong........................dut..gr. tons.. Japan............................dut..gr. tons.. Wines: In bottles.....................................dut.. doz.. Imported fromUnited States.........................dut. doz.. United Kingdom......................dut. doz.. Germany..............................dut.. doz.. France................................dut.. doz.. Spain.................................dut.-doz.. Italy............................... dut.. doz. - In other coverings...........................dut..galls.. Imported fromUnited States........................dut..galls.. United Kingdom....................dut..galls. Germany............................dut. galls.. France.............................. dut. -galls.. Spain................................dut..galls.. Italy.................................dut.. galls.. Sparkling liquors and cordials......................dut.. Imported fromUnited States..............................dut.. United Kingdom...........................dut.. Germany...................................dut. France......................................dut.. Wood, and manufactures of: Logs and other.....................................dut. Imported fromUnited States..............................dut.. Germany...................................dut.. China.......................................dut.. Hongkong..................................dut.. British East Indies.........................dut.. Dutch East Indies......................... dut.. Australasia.................................dut.. Boards, deals, and planks....................dut..M ft.. Imported fromUnited States......................dut..M ft.. Germany.............................dut..M ft.. 'Spain.................................dut..M ft.. Belgium.................... dut.. M ft.. Netherlands..........................dut..M ft.. China................................dut..M ft. Hongkong............................ dut..M ft. British East Indies...................dut. M ft. Australasia..........................dut..M ft.. I Dollars. 12o, 605 I Dollars. 173,327 Dollars. 265,430 201,433 I Dollars. 454,191 146,764 I 176,657 225, 409 I 38,119 28,621 51,784 45,145 31,626 26,912 53,178 26,674 111,022 63,699 145,735 100,816 174,026 119,754 350,724 84,762 4,850; 5,473 1,397 1,264 666 1,245 876 923 16,102 1 19,609 20,786 20764 29,528 42,360 6,038 7,869 1,748,710 103,700 1,324, 35(6 71,774 1, 153,425 59,182 1,269,146 66,848 561,958 27,291 673,210 31,193 678,525 30,296 670,235 31,092 61,272 4,132 30,358 1,943 24,271 1, 7154 13,414 1,464 6,001 669 8,558 774 10,980 1,160 10,357 901 45,868 4,689 19,303 2,529 12,528 1,492 16,944 2.107 802,640 52,002 452,602 27, 452 270,996 14,910 353,844 18,529 5,269 562 264 21 4,500 432 6,169 574 161,703 9,124 92,647 5,380 101,393 6,162 144,661.9,035. 99,530........ 73,264............. 98,960........... 81,976.............. 13,988.......... — 12,964.............. 21,353............ 16,395 18,737.............. 8,860............. 7.66.............. 11,534. 1,996.............. 1.S6. --- —-----. I 1,345............623.............. 12,873............. 10,967.............. 10,575............. 10,556...................... 6......- --- 10,477.............. 13,292.............. 5,914.............. 31,006............. 22,232.............. 39,041-. --- 34,653 678 23,689.... -- -- 18,324 413 72,063 31 3,290 6 1,372 13 1,033 1 450 12 1,320 103 10,598....................................................................... 508 1,456...80 21...................320............... 59 10.143.............. 17,291 11 1,398 19 1,970 2 120..........................321 48,895................... 12,804 55,224 5,435 29,364 6,166 29,882 7,116 33,547 494 2.432 245 1,337 257 1,283 452 2,000 242 1,354 131 1,085 91 886 52 466 184 1,302 140 880 127 603 213 1,129 852 3,386 411 1,970 462 1.907 489 2,087 9,786 42,388 3,451 20,475 4,466 22,950 5,013 I 24,759 22-2 666 293 1,011. 89 786 398 1,295 457,192 154, 41y 490,16! 202,458 350,054 126,493 323,059 101,039 8,640 3,658 4,029 1,957 2,310 801 5,056 2,487 120 180 4 5 347 256 268 297 25 46 208 115 185 116 165 98 1,915 [ 34 1,777 943 2,442 1,155 566 375 442,632 147,924 477,736 195,578 240,483 120,762 313,559 95,722 958 479 3,286 2,590 2,158 2,662 2,221 1,424.............. 49,. 34,841.............. 36,713.......... 39,055....... 4 684...... 1,091...........................1.............. 583.1,400.............. 1,995.............. 957 1,9..1 90............ 1,519.............. 1,750.........895............... 23,411.............. 30,154.............. 32,689........... 35,350 _ _.............. 7,11.............. 8 0,640.............. 96,217.............. 14,596.............. 6,040.............. 12,819 3...... 25,524.............. 11,215:....... --- - 481...... 720.........633.......... 326..............331..........945....290......545.............. 8,408..........3, 03.................................................................. 62 \.................733.. 1,175 9,167 172,645 13,974 250.803 23,082 334,832 18,774 344,623 6,133 90,526 11,513 170,338 19,219 199,992 15.228 216,747 416 19,646 6 361 126 14,735 74 9,915 15 543 13 631 34 3, 966 1 843 102 6,152...................... 113 14,565 55 7,663 19 1,414 19 854 11 1,407 12 890 290 7,576 150 4,044 75 920 43 2,684 116 1.840 4 405 24 732 12 252 1.993 38,;57 861 12,125 751 10,652 1.321 25,114 36 1.795 1,5?02 60,396 2.703 87,244 1.936 71,976 60 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OP PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. IMPORTS-Continued. 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. -----— __ --- —---------------------- ] Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Wood, and manufactures of-Continued. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Furniture...........................................dut................ 72,668.............. 92,730.............. 67,315.............. 45,112 Imported from — United States..............................dut-..... ----..... 17,027.............. 30,952.............. 36,129.............. 18,303 United Kingdom........................... dut............... 333 559.............. 2,757............ 1,535 Germany..................................dut.............. 17,991 23,799............ —.. 10,027 4,992 France......................................dut................ 2,501.......... 5,841.............. 3,113....4,602 Austria-Hungary.... -................... dut................ 5,040.............. 10,355.............. 3,997.............. 8.034 China.......................................dut.. -..,........... 6,007.............. 4,659.............. 3,317............ 2,717 Hongkong..................................dut..-.......-...... 7,026..........:... 5,114.............. 3,905.............. 1,946 Japan.......................... dut.............. 3,116....-..... 1,445.............. 1,612 1,256 British East Indies......................-..dut............. 1,361.............. 1,368.............. 1,217..............723 All other manufactures of wood.........5.......... dut............... 112,538.............. 110,731.............. 90,061.............. 82,099 Imported from- United States.m................ dut24,834 39,577.............. 39,232 34,920 United Kingdom...........................dut............... 6,486.............. 6,197.............. 4,034.............. 4,420 Germany.................................. dut................ 30,582.......... 19,608... -- -- 10,659. —.. -.- - 13,419 Wool, manufactures of: Flannels and blankets............d................ dut.. 10,686 15, 367.............. 20237............. 8,279 Imported from- I United States...-.t............... -........dut... --- 1,646.............. 3,011.............. 3,702.............. 307 United Kingdom..........................dut-..-. --- —----- 2,616.1,395 6.............. 11.656.............. 1,466 Germany................................... 553 1,219 -1,284 195 Hongkong..................................dut..1.............. 62 4, 308.............. 1,972 -50 Wearing apparel..................................dut............ 36,705.........92023,82140,212 Imported fromUnited States -d3..............-..........,dut..893. 2,211.............. 3,790.............. 2,993 United Kingdom...........................dut................ 3,289.............. 2,054.............. 4,651.............. 2,499 Germany...................................dut...............i! 2,224 ------------ 14,818 --—........ ---- 4,688.......... 16,971 China.................t 122-...d..-.............. 122 4,424.............. 2, 669.......12, 836 Hongkong-..............-... -............dut................ 14,652........... 6,324503 Cloths, spun or twilled.-...........................-dut................ 116,057 -..-........ 123,105...1.......... 50,961 -.....-....... 50,787 Imported from- United States..3................... dut 568 2,933.................. 751 732 United Kingdom-................... dt.....-dut................I 36,123 8.-....... 27,753 -7 --- —- 11,575.............. 9,090 Germany..................................dut. -- -..... 33,123 -- --- 24,317.......... 10,030 -.......... 11,104 France............................... dut.............. I 22,340............ 20,747.............. 13,908.............. 15,576 Spain-..............-..............-....-..dut —...............1 4,547.............. 6,322..............,662 1,429 Belgium.................................. dut.......,707...... 26,503.............. 8,948.............. 8,978 Switzerlandd...6......8.................dut........ 6,444 - 11,815............. 2972 2,137 in, nd manufactures of............................. dut.- -.. 20, 466.............. 22450........... 21,222... 19,319 Imported fromUnited States................dut............... 5,854 - 2,965.............. 1,97.............. 1,283 United Kingdom..............................dut................ 4,333............. 9,702.............. 6,304 3,593 Germany............................ dut................ 4,410-.............. 4,756.... 7,454.............. 9,929 France..................................... dut................ 1,907...........1,919.......... 3,377.............. 1,853 EXPORTS. Bamboo manufactures: HIats......-.........................free.. no.Exported toUnited States................-. —....free.no.. United Kingdom.....................free..no.. Germ any............................... free. no.. France...................-..............free..no. - Italy............................. free. no.. Austria-Hungary......................free. no.. Copra d............................................ dut..lbs.. Exported toUnited States..... -...........dut..lbs.. United Kingdom....................... dut..bs.. Germany........ -d....o........... dut. Abs.. France.....................................dut..lbs.. Spain-...................-................. dut. Abs.. Italy...... -.................. -—.-.-.-.dut..lbs.. Portugal-.........d...................dut. lbs.. R ussia.....................................dut.. Ibs.. Hongkong -d...................... dut.. bs. Japan..................-...................dut.. lbs.. British East Indies. -....................dut..bs.. Fibers, vegetable, textile grasses, and manufactures of: Hemp (manila)..............................dut. tons.. Exported toUnited States.......-................dut..tons.. United Kingdom.....................dut..tons.. Germany.............................dut.. tons.. France..t....................... dut..tons.. Spaino................................duttons.. Italy.................................dut..tons.. 254,581 | 79, 500 329,984 151,782........................I.......... --- - ------- ---- -20,970 8,100 50, 424 23,321................................................... 127,382 28,000 57,371 20,771.....................................-.............. 2,972 2,250 28,773 11,387......-.....................-....... -............. 95,407 36,335 150,330 80,678.................................................. 3,325 1,665 5,792 3,565.................................. —...-............. 2,000 2,150 13,346 6,110 215,193,333 4,473,029 119,341,505 2,527,019 82,797,227 2,095,355 145,851,913 4,043,115 134,629 9,173 383,680 9,231 452,118 14,425.......... 17,242,212 444,439 7,054,960 146, 845 614,108 17,446 3,346,398 89,952 9,481, 245 263,780 3,339, 600 63,610 3,389,707 91,300 12,394,232 359,535 168,418,421 3,259,659 88,336,350 1,903,297 49,703,949 1,288,861 89,322,718 2,455,189 10,115, 517 187,398 14, 653,252 282,388 24,085,006 569,391 33,485,056 902,810.......................... 667,920 12,522 1,335,840 28, 800 890, 560 22,680 70(6,059 11,520 1,113,200 24,720 66,792 1,440 242,640 5,200 946,457 28,301..........................2,730 315 10.. — --......... 14,573 800............. 516,001 16,717 11,319 I 256 226,037 5,708 44,528 1,220 4,927, 601 197,529 2,546,674 58,563 2,809,360 74, 454 4,652,144 114,727 130,159 21,701,575! 129,742 21,794,96 128,564 22,146,241 110,399 19,446,769 70,526 12,314,312 50, 968 7, 877,618 6.86'.'.249,82698 94 I 14,868..............I............ 60, 912 59,939 67 269 90 29 10,631,591 9,679,005 10,678 36,377 13,469 4,567 72,196 48, 856 42 140 63 73 12,954,515 7,936,650 6,000 21,530 9,422 13,080 61,068 42,723 256 144 167 47 11,168,226 7,131,470 47,385 22,270 28.770 14,655 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 61 IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM TIlE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. EXPORTS-Continued. 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES. Quantities. Values. I Quantities. I Values. Fibers, vegetable, textile grasses, and manufactures ofContinued. Hemp (manila)- Continued. Exported to-Continued. Belgium............................. ut.tons.. Netherlands.......................... dut. tons.. Hongkong............ d..... dut..tons.. J apan,................................dut. -tons.. British East Indies..................dut..tons.. Canada...............................dut.tons.. Australasia.........................dut..tons. 180 3,959 1,195 778 32 1,573 Dollars. 28,918 658, 126i 189,313 119,593 4.000 225,517 2;31 970 2,438 1,242 1,000 35 1,983 Dollars. 32,467 161.100 435,988 217,149 164,947 5,000 324,272 Quantities. 113 315 1. 790 1,940 922 105 2,009 Values. Dollars. 11,000 57,230 312,041 336.373 135,194 20,000 333,206 Quantities. Values. Dollars. 236 34,351 14 3,000 885 151,992 1,666 297,751 1,048 178,313 1,826 318,651 I 2 1 3 I Maguey............................I...-...- free..tons-............ 1,878 188,219 Exported toUnited Kingdom...........-... --- — free_. tons............. Japan................................free.. tons...I........... 1,587 291 159.410 28,809 2,277 1,365 446 219,054 126,880 46. (640 ------------- Manufactures of: Bags....f.............................free............... Exported toChina..................................free.............. Hongkong................................ free.............. British East Indies.............. --- —..... -free............... Hats (n. e. s.)............................ —. —...-. —.........-.. Exported toUnited States..............................free.. no-............... United Kingdom.................... — - free.. no............... Germany.-......... —.-. ---—.....- free.. no............ France........................ --- —--— free.. no............ Italy....................................... free-. no............. Ilang-ilang oil....-.....-..-......-...-... ---- 5,093 Exported toUnited States............................ free.. galls. 250 United Kingdom....................- free..galls.. 56 Germany................................free. galls. 131 France...................................free. -galls.. 4,186 Spain...................................ree. -galls. 31 Straw manufactures, hats, etc.......... --- —----.. — --—.. Exported toUnited States......f...................free.............. United Kingdom...................-.........free....-.. ----.... France..... ----.................-. free.............. H ongkong................................free. --.-....-...... Iliongkongfree. Dutch East Indies..........f....r.e..... ----. f e - -.. —.....-.- -- Australasia...................................free..... --- —... Shells: Mother-of-pearl...........................free....-..r... Exported toUnited States.....f............. free-.............. Italy.................................. f r........... Hongkong. —.............................fe.......... e. British East Indies.......-................fraee.. I.......-..... 574 —.-.......... 4.955........... 47,049.............. 313.............. —.......................... l1,471..-.............................. 44,378.............. —. --- —----—.- -----—. --- —-............. 50,933 23,013 35, 603 13,197 ---------- -- --- -—.................. 16,096 8,551 17,08 5,6159..-..-. --- —-—.... —.-.......... —..... 16, 434 4,025 21 40 "............ I......................2,534 1190 1,044 464...................................... 14,915 9,015 13,466 4,855 1 4 1 | 591 575 1,402 1,550 1 103, 789 4, 724 103,247 4,269 100,349 5,009 93,172 9,564 2, 880 2,260 80,115 1,480 547 28 137 4,007 5 13,821 800 2,408 86,001 217 466 34 38 3, 691 27 21,275 4,500 1,300 71,764 1,350 271 44 89 4,574 9 7,262 1,610 2,000 80,900 400 137,369...84,625.............. 32,527......... 4,387 65, 984.............. I6,536.............. 1,450.............. 1,992 9, 602....10,364..............50.......................... 46,415 35 484.............. 15645 -............ 275 2,035.............. 1,040.............. 2,191........... 63.-2..4.......9..9........8 I.............. 1,136.............. 1.021 244......79...7,99...........25,373............ ---............... -- 5'3731'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 89,858 125 I 1,128 88,317.............. 80,932............................ 3,500........................... 28............. 1,849....................... 74,707.............. 92,614.. -...-........ 62,018 I II I I II i I..... i I.........................i............... 61,370 9WA) 1,145 90,334 Sugar and molasses: Sugar, raw or brown..................................... Exported toUnited States........................ dut..lIbs. United Kingdom......................dut. Is.. China..............d............. t.. lts.. lIongkong............................dut.. lbs.. Japan........................... dut. Ibs.. Australasia —.. ---.. —............. dut..Ibs.. Tobacco: Cigars.................................................... Exported toUnited States..............................dut... United Kingdom...........................dut.. Germany...,...........................dut-... France......................................dut... Spain.................... —..-...-..- dut.. Italy........................... d.............ut.. Austria-Hungary...........................dut-. - Belgium................................... dut... Denm ark...................................dut. - Gibraltar...................................dut.. Malta.............................dut... Netherlands.dot........................ dut.. China.................................... dut... Hongkong.............................. ut-. Japan................d......o.......... ut..British East Indies..................... dut... Dutch East Indies.........................dut.. _ French East Indies.........................dut... Aden...................dut.. 246, 151, 547 75, 916, 518 14, 02(, 857 19,029,108 59,6192,385 77, 486, 525 154 3,955, 568 165,709,433 2, 668,507 i 250,542,682 4, 977,026 277,289,222 1,335, 826( 153,982 309,990 886, 282 1, 269, 485 3 25, i32, 500 354, 144 26,275,358 ", 455,:869 63,374,699 1,050,817 50, 426, 537 807,6613 127, 5,,818 1, 101, 657 42,891,973 (68, 513, 990 10,471,244 2, 618, 487 22, 168 837,431 1,337,158 161,782........... 16,099, 0(i8 85,905,385 167,797,909 7, 486, 860 4, 863, 865 2(10,104 1,519,629 2,919,188 (164,944.............. 947,504.............. 968,869.............. 971,177........... 904,250 I1_ ~~~I~-I — - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.......................................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -...................................................................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -....................................................................... 3,866............ 128,211. 28, 994 —........-.29,293 1.......... 1,563. 3,864. 5,776............. 515. 8,042............ 2,970. 2,696. 58,561............. 355,628. 5,869.............. 162,884. 14,085......... 7, 886. 718. 1,795.............. 85,113.............. 15,1137.............. 25,374.............. 2,664.............. 4,798.............. 3,947.............. 3,305.............. 200.............. 8,346.............. 1,950 F......... 870........... 98,759............. 376,154.............. 17,569 I.............. 169,985 i............. 21,080.............. 7,871. 622.............. 6,790 94,185 5, 4461 19,028 11,700 5,718 5, 417 1,288 4,975 5, 761 1,695 2,555 113,921 393,534 7,497 150,522 10,847 10,676 740...................iI _....................I -......................... --------—:::: 23,405 84,179 20,399 27,917 24,984 2,847 4,700 5, 437 9,120 7,163 1,798 1,570 107,550 285,208 6,794 114,692 7,404 6,034 746 ** 62. THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF MERCHANDISE INTO AND FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1903 TO 1906, SHOWING PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES FROM WHICH IMPORTED AND TO WHICH EXPORTED-Continued. EXPORTS-Continued. 1903 1904 1905 1906 ARTICLES AND COUNTRIES....-....... ---... ______________...... Quantities. Values. Quantities, values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Tobacco-Continued. Cigars-Continued. Exported to-Continued. Korea.................................... dut.. Siam........................................dut.. Canada.....................................dut.. Argentina..................................dut.. Australasia..d......t.....................dut.. UnmanufacturedLeaf................................................. Exported toUnited States.....................dut..lbs.. United Kingdomn.....-........... dut..lbs.. Germany...-............. dut..Ibs.. France........................... dut..lbs.. Spain............................dut..Ibs_. Austria-HIungary -.....-......-... dut. lIbs.. Belgium........................... dut. -.lbs.. Netherlands.......................dut.. Ibs.. Portugal..........................dut..Ibs.. China..............................dut..lbs.. HIongkong.........................dut..Ibs...Japan............................ dut..bs.. British East Indies................dut..bs.. Dutch East Indies................dut. lbs.. Egypt-.............................dut..Ibs.. Uruguay..-................ dut..Ilbs.. Australasia.......................dut. lbs.. Hawaii.. -...........-..-. —.dut.lbs. - Dollars. 710 5,180 8,227 '""83660: Dollars. 368 3,064 13,397 1,215 90,328 Dollars. 1,360 2,633 10,640 4,835 93,327 Dollars. 3,459 10,941 8,124 116,617 20; 630,168 902, 870 19,044,290 1,021,949 16,276,266 1,005,4041 21,359,892 1,458,658 1 - -- I I -~~~~~~6,7626 105,0 244,377 309,731 18,009 33,816 14,624, 495 3,284,877 709,989 576,210 193,045 3,209 6, 358 6,116 315,514 91,627 3,384 101,522 16, 459 6, 729 42,293 15,024 2,240 1,106 531,669 153, 107 59, 440 40,563 5,556 374 1,421 1,346 27,054 10,731 155 2,700 2,793 1,627 211 10,349 59,952 755,277 13,073,021 3,425,488 99,297 728,279 374, 416 1,038 8,510 4,607 230,332 73, 652 i55, 457 21,014 3,476 35 1,981 4,586 31,472 646,405 225,145 7,677 47,779 15.761 125 1,078 683 21,250 9,163 5,725 1,230 910 21,950 5,731 378,157 13,455,065 473,356 559,139 205,147 226,400 14,642 103,461 30,799 195,400 106,923 329,740 122,667 17,773 5,155 6,985 895 16,810 830,533 29,715 26,901 13,182 6, 460 1,382 11,328 3,601 15,614 11,624 18,708 6,921 2,116 1,000 107,923 6,14,? 221,712 13,0 00 44,288 1, 968 360,053 22,564 12, 453,220 838,595 4,561,561 357,006 1,075,113 69,450 898,518 50,757 45,448 2,180 18,245 1,211 1.04,884 9,035 39,890 6,055 20,072 1,292 226,685 22,102 270,727 16,297 26,556 4,099....................... TOTAL VALUES OF MERCHANDISE IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM THE UNITED STATES IN ITS COMMERCE WITH THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1850 TO 1906. IMPORTS. YEARS. ------------— Fe -DilT Free. Dutiable. Total. - - - -—.-.- - - - - Ii,i Dollars. 1850...... 22,361 1851...... 20,390 1852..... 4,286 1853...... 35,336 1854...... 103,684 1855...... 65, 623 1856...... 35,744 1857...... 63,217 1858...... 73,255 18959..... 61,073 1860...... 90,427 1861...... 210,562 1862...... 1 1,311 1863...... 13,458 1864...... 57,412 1865...... 121,120 1866...... 57.891 1867...... 172.372 1868..... 110,24J 1869 a.... 268,438 1870 a.... 338, 161 1871a.... 213,236 1S72 a. — 287,784 1873.... — 36,847 1874..... 141,097 1875..... 251.781 1876...... 170,994 1877...... 212,734 1878..... 142,239 Dollars. 1,310,082 1,234.106 1,517,837 2, 429,747 2,861,598 2, 92,333 2,891,126 3,590, 546 2.960,734 2,802,681 2,795,739 3.317,960 1,024,461 1,869,801 1,727,816 2,241,536 3,610,103 3,300,999 3,853, 435 4,025,453 6. 347. 525 5,425.072 7,493,845 5,8?4,788 6,059,074 6,573.406 5.298.403 6,969,550 7,748,689 Dollars. 1,332, 443 1,254, 496 1,522,123 2,465,083 2,965,282 2.757,956 2,926.870 3,653,763 3,033,989 2,863,754 2,886,166 3.528,522 1,065,772 1.,S3,259 1,785, 228 2,362,0656 3.667,994 3,473,371 3.963,0684 4,293,891 i, 685,686 5, 638, 0 I 7,781,629 6, 171, 635, 200: 171l 6,930,l87 5, 469,397 7,182,284 7,890,928 EXPORTS. Domestic. I Foreign. Total. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 16,817 1,450 18,267 125,544 4,800 130,344 211,791 9,927 221,718 64,375 1.000 65.375 27,852 4,128 31,980 46,862 7, 129 54, 491 130,427 11,537 141,964 66,133 4,713 70,846 57,649 590 58,239 361i, 895 2,713 364,608 29,761........... 29,761 26, 763 -......... 26,763 24,950 i........... 24,950 48,010 1........... 48,010 83,140... 83,146 98,934...........- 98,934 45, 636......... 45,636 56,202 560 202 165, 993 10,9731 176,966 212,460 9,339 221,799 119,805 9,481 129,286 328,512 5, s86 8 334,3.8 17,570......... 17,570 15.050 226 15,276 89,889........... 89, 889 72,243........... 72,243 74,828........... 74,828 69,613 1,758 71,371 IMPORTS. EXPORTS. YEARS. IFree. Dutiable. Total. Domestic. Foreign. Total. Dollars. 1879..... 162,400 1880..... 245,358 1881.... 243,042 1882.....I 226,919 1883.....I 9,584 1884.....i 71,005 1885 47,294 1886.. 2,204 1887....I 37,423 1888.... 45,876 1889..- 35,264 1890.... 33,158 1891.... 3,087,268 1892.... 6,239,642 1893.... 9,117,170 1894....6.992,364 1895.... 3,657,952 1896.... 2,599,020 1897..... 3,086,057 1898... 3,387,168 1899... 3.401,157 1900... 5,031,989 1901... 4,278,172 1902... 6,355,548 1903....10,957,761 1904....11,133,293 1905.11,096,891 1906.... 10,848,712 Dollars. 5,370,667 6,357,990 8,916.381 9,743,236 10,006,533 12,268,526 7,742,462 9,484,708 8,577,407 10,222,402 10,557,908 11,559,468 2,079,941 69,011 42,687 15,978 1,073,414 2,383,837 1,297,683 443,247 1,008,617 939,219 142,740 257,152 414,823 933,654 1,561,013 1,489,215 Dollars. 5,533,067 6,603,348 9,159,423 9,970,155 10,076,117 12,339,531 7,789,756 9,566,912 8,614,830 10,268,278 10,593,172 11,592,626 5,167,209 6,308,653 9,159,857 7,008,342 4,731,366 4,982,857 4,383,740 3,830,415 4,409,774 5,971,208 4.420,912 6,612,700 11,372,584 12,066,947 12,657,904 12,337,927 Dollars. Dollars. s189.......... 11,938........... 62,458. 405 145,105 4,453 128,834. 194,925 i...... 169,354....... 132,937........ 147,682........... 165,903........ 179,647.......... 122,276 488 124,572........... 60,914........... 154,378....... 145,466........... 119,255........... 162,341 105 94,597........... 127,787 17 401,258 2,935 2,635,624 4,825 4,014,180 12,884 5,251,867 6,603 4,028,677 10,232 4,831,860 1,040 6,198,384 2,236 5,458,867 577 Dollars. 189 11,938 62,863 149,558 128,834 194,925 169,354 132,937 147,682 165,903 179,647 -122,764 124,572 60,914 154,378 145,466 119,255 162,446 94,597 127,804 404,193 2,640,449 4,027,064 5,258,470 4,038,909 4,832,900 6,200,620 5,459,444 a Included in "All other Spanish possessions." THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 63 TOTAL IMPORTS INTO AND EXPORTS FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1900 TO 1906, BY PRINCIPAL ARTICLES. IMPORTS. ARTICLES. 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I {no.... Animals: Cattle...-...dol..........s..... ~ -- j blbls_. Breadstuffs: Wheat flour.-................................ -.- s All other~~~~~~~~~~~~dolls.. All other.................................................dolls.. (tons.. Coal...................................................... dolls..Clocks and watches.......................................... dolls.. Cocoa.. lbs....................................................... dolls. Coffee....................................................... - ~dolls. Copper: Ingots, bars, etc.................................. lbs.... dolls. Manufactures of.........................................dolls. ]lbs-.. Cotton, and manufactures of: Raw......................... o.. ldolls.. Manufactured cloth......................................dolls.. Wearing apparel...........-.-.....-.............- dolls.. Yarn and thread...................................... lbs..Idolls.. All other................................................dolls.. Chemicals, drugs, and dyes: Opium....................... lbs.... Idolls. All other................................................dolls.. Earthen, stone, and china ware..............................dolls.. Fibers, vegetable: Unmanufactured.........................dolls.. Manufactured...........................................dolls.. Fish and fish products, including shellfish...................dolls.. Fruits and nuts, including preserved fruits..................dolls.. Glass and glassware........................................ dolls. Hats and caps...............................................dolls. tlbs... Iron and steel, and manufactures of: Iron, bar........... ls.. Idolls.. Sheets and plates l....................................... Steel, bars and rods....................................{ i '[dolls-. Rails.{ ~~~~~~~~~~tons.. Rails.................................................... t n. Idolls. Builders' hardware, saws and tools.....................dolls.. Machinery-Sewing machines............................dolls.. All other, including parts of.. -...............-.....-dolls.. All other manufactures of iron and steel.................dolls.. Jew elry......................................................dolls.. Leather, manufactures of: Boots and shoes.................dolls.. All other.................................................dolls.. Malt liquors: Beer in bottles.......................... do.... dolls.. All others................................................dolls.. Musical instruments........................................ -dolls.. Oils: Mineral-Illuminating..............a........-.......... Idolls.. All other, including residuum........................dolls.. Vegetable-Olive.......................................fgalls.. 'dolls.All other.............................................dolls.. Paints, pigments, and colors................................dolls.. Paper, and manufactures of................. ---.. —.........dolls.. Paraffin and wax............................................dolls.. Provisions: Meat products-Beef, fresh...............f....lbs.... fdolls.. fibs.... Bacon, hams, and shoulders....................... dls. [dolls-. Lard................................................ lbs.... dolls.. All other meat products, including oleomargarine and imin'tation butter......................................dolls. Dairy products-Butter and cheese.....................dolls. Condensed milk................................... lbs-. - dolls... R ice.{ — - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -lbs... Rice.........................................................^ Idolls.. Rubber, manufactures of.................................... dolls.. Silk, manufactures of —........ —..........................d(olls.. Spirits, distilled.fpf galls.. ]dolls. Spir ts, istiled................................^ lb s... Sugar, refined............................................. dl is. Vegetables, including pickles and sauces.....................dolls.. Wines........................................................dolls.. Wood: Lumber-Boards, deal, and planks............ M feet. - -dolls... A ll other.............................................dolls.. Furniture................................................dolls.. All other manufactures of..................... ---— dolls-. Wool: Cloth, spun, etc................... —...............dolls.. All other manufactures of...............................dolls.. All other articles, n. e. s.....................................dolls.. Total merchandise.....................................dolls.. Bullion and specie: G old....................................................dolls.. Silver....................................................dolls. i t 4,555 129,000 94,024 399,000 295,000 87,548 462,000 93,000 610,737 160,000 149,710 33,000 131,221 17,000 79,000 412,722 37,000.... i;.i.ds. 1,615,578 518,000 5,408,000 152,517 476,000 620,000 132,000 6,000 202,000 101,000 170,000 525,000 /......,..... 4i 7,438,241 314,000....... i 666' 1.4,000 20,000 319,000 54,000 149,000 74,000 638,000 ~...i6~666' 829,344 161,000 36,130 49,000 66,000 152,000 462,000 I 2,266 74,000 120,839 501,000 185,000 125,264 504,000 159,000 842,604 165,000 21,710 2,000 227,943 35,000 68,000 69,000 7,034,000 773,000 5,684,839 1,161,000 4/3,000 221,672 619,000 218,000 111,000 31,000 300,000 170,000 210,000 442,000 88,000 3, 092,258 6(9,000 6, 544,613 218,000 536,225 15,000 2,000 84,000 128,000 204,000 1,140,000 402,000 218,000 116,000...."i;i,'666 1,031,000 17,000 50,000 1,944,459 451,000 33,000 41, 4f 5 36,000 76,000 125,000 475,000 65,000 297,132 19,000 900,052 114,000 1,223,555 92,000 147,000 147,000 1,105,423 97,000 392,932,908 5,4(1,000 73,000 637,000 249,064 412,000 479,841 18,000 338,000 347,000 92,000 45,000 37.000 132, 000 126, 000 102,000 3,385,000 15,435 482,000 175,511 686,000 243,000 124,392 496,000 142,000 1,333,114 203,000 300,044 29,000 295,580 41,000 118,000 505,267 59,000 4,345,000 735,000 2,826, 349 707,000 1,179,000 286, 442 820,000 251,000 146,000 46,000 376,000 371,000 285,000 540,000 233,000 4,207,756 71,000 7,296,745 216,000 1,656,874 41,000 81 5,000 159,000 158,000 515,000 933,000 417,000 300,000 150,000 363,097 502,000 46,000 72, 000 4,337,005 498,000 1061,000 30,785 31,000 201,000 135,000 669,000 69,000 373,759 32,000 1,546,671 167,000 1,762,131 120,000 217,000 103,000 1.,675,393 156,000 477,087,198 6,578,000 88,000 855,000 267,343 510,000) 3,5?5.889 128,000 719, O)0 390,000 8,441 239,000 69,000 85,00 (X0) 198,000 212,000 116, (11) 3,333,000 29,783 729,000 188,263 728,000 229,000 157,801 473,000 112,000 1,380,655 203,000 851,153 74,000 522,082 65,000 109,000 600,864 66,000 4,500,000 267,000 2,815,741 641,000 876,000 259,472 722,000 389,000 144,000 74,000 257,000 432,000 204, 01) 289,000 258,000 3,168,961 54,000 8,003,560 225,000 1,940,458 43,000 15 1,000 106,000 119,0(0 468 000 886,0 CO( 217,000 541,100 145,000 241,766 452,000 36,000 53,000 6, 295,533 652,000 38,000 50,946 47,000 92,000 146,000 503,000 137.000 998,166 82,000 1,610,639 163,000 2,792,463 186,000 250,000 92,000 3,070,038 247,000 677, 2?8,885 10.061, 000 94, o00 591 00 196,747 308,0001 5,401,853 143,00) 514,000 259,000 9,167 173,000 32,000 73, 00 113,000 j 116,00() 1661,000 2,507,000 35,828 835,000 205,987 843,000 253,000 182,468 559,000 74,000 1,353,561 179,000 776,961 61,000 537,875 69,000 81,000 284,610 43,000 3,092,000 200,000 3,238,952 780,000 848,000 249,770 771,000 354,000 90,000 65,000 195,000) 232,000 207, OCO 194, 060 119,000 3,610,819 61, OCO 9,154,875 237,000 1,872,124 59,000 7,082 249, (;0 146,000 122,000 652,000 817,000 259,600 344,000 148,000 181,298 270,000 41,000 52, 01) 4, 684,264 485,000 78,000 47,951 42,000 79,000 158,000 491,000 101,000 2,735,284 204,000 1,559,374 178,000 3,722,227 262,000 210,000 95,000 3, 233,052 251,000 727,139,614 11,5'9, 00) 1C8, 100 545,000 147,(90 228,000 6, (6:'8,5'21 195.(00 503,0100 2(67,000 13,974 251,000 61,000 93,000 111,000 123,000 154,000 2,718,000 30,256 773,000 168,319 728,000 252,000 188,760 522,000 81, 000 1,242,258 160,000 854,035 79,000 303,314 45,000 151,000 726, 683 83,000 4,138,000 09,000 3,985,179 918,000 1,142,000 208,129 850,000 340,000 122,000 71,000 200,000 244,000 171,000 142,000 103,000 5,101,918 82,010 10,926,847 261,000 1,203,235 28,000 8,618 227,000 134,000 51,000 843,000 1,021,000 160,000 357,000 137,000 1(66,346 251,000 27,000 40,000 9,290,605 793,000 64,000 47,C)40 34,000 83,000 162,000 515,000 59,000 10, 37, 1978 491,000 1,602,839 170,000 2,983,064 198,000 213,000 128,000 3,018,676 224, 000 563,282, 346 7,457,000 97,000 481,000 163,541 270, 0(0 4, 693,398 1 (), 000 522,100 193,100 23,C82 3:25,000 13,010) 67, 000 90,000 51,00o 125,0o0o 2,718,000 30,729 828,000 195,866 824,000 229,000 173,811 415,000 93,000 1,296,586 150,000 1,013,678 91,000 367,490 52,000 109,000 929,684 112,000 4,308,000 92,000 3,842,395 1,093,000 1,149.000 150,292 440,000 391,000 127,000 59,000 279,100 203,000 119,000 146,000 84,000 3,079,938 50, (000 11,248,451 297,000 1,308,621 32,000 341 11,000 105,100 46,000 564,000 683,000 151,000 137,000 125,000 194,000 32,000 37,000 4,579,918 358,COO0 89,000 50,302 34,000 70,000 139,000 410,000 65,000 7,914,518 411,000 1,273,076 156,000 2,871,099 164,000 218,000 113,000 3,776,761 284,000 304,351,232 4,376,000 106, 000 372,OCO 127,956 200,000 2,613,131 94,000 459,000 174.000C 18,774 345,000 6,000 45,000 82,000 51.00( 120,000 2,764,000 I A I. I i i i i i I 453,000 242,311,382 3,113,000...... ifi(;.'o& 196.6(60 118,327 303,000 1,355,556 52,000 244,000 320,000....... io.. 12,000 109,000 10936,000 3,217,000 I 20,601,000 149,000 2,293,000 t I 30,279,000 508,000 2,031,000 32,142,000 278,000 8,653,000 32,972,000 50,000 2,077,000 33,221,000 2,000 1,081,0 0 30,876,000 85,000 1,000 25,799,000 6,000 2,000 25,807,000 I I Grand total............................................dolls.. 2 23PO43,000 1 32,818,000 4.11073,000 35,099, OM I I I 34,304,000 1 - 30,9-C)2, 000I I I 64 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. TOTAL IMPORTS INTO AND EXPORTS FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1900 TO 1906, BY PRINCIPAL ARTICLES-Continued. EXPORTS. ARTICLES. 1900 1901 1902 1908 1904 1905 1906 Animals: Horses and mules.............................. -2..6 1o, s 1 2,00 1,00 Idolls................ --- —~dolls 1,000 2, 000 1,000 3,000 1,000........... Bamboo, manufactures of: Hats...........no-.. -- -- --------—.............. 254,581 329,984 1do -----------— ll --- —------------------ -........... 80,000 152,000 Buri manufactures.................................... dolls.:...... 19,000 11,000 C o ffe e b s..fibs 8,792 81,994 23,495 9,263 21,067 14.562 10,033 Coffee....................................................... olls 2,000 7,000 3,000 1,000 3,000 3,000 2,000 Copper, and manufactures of................................dolls.. 35,000 24,000 19,000 12,000 26,000 48,000 61,000 Fibers: Hemp. tons.. 75,476 109,231 108,265 130,159 129,742 128,564 110,399 y................................................ Idolls.. 11,399,000 14,453,000 15,841,000 21,702,000 21,795,000 22,146,000 19,447,000 Cordage.................................................. dolls................ 5,000 12,000 8,000 31,000 20,000 24,000 All other manufactures of fibers..................... dolls.. 7,000 2,000 6,000 19,000 12,000 60,000 13,000 Fruits and nuts: Copra lbs.... 81,799,665............................215,193.333 119,341,505 82,797,227 145,851,913 bruits'''~~` ana`''''~'''' n... dolls. 1, 691;000 2,648,000 1,002,000 4,473,000 2,527, 000 2,095,000 4,043,000 Gums and resins............................................. dolls - - -. 134,000 152,000 174,000 112, 000 87,000 63,000 Hides and <skins Ilbs.... I.............. 2,307,197 536,337 610,645 689,587 121,106 262,380 es and skins............................................. dolls 277,000 160,000 77, 000 76,000 47,000 15,000 15,000 Oils: Ilan-ilan oil........oJgalls.... — -. --- —--------- 3,607 5,093 4,724 4,269 5,009 Ollu~s:. ~ ~~Ilang-llu-ang oil............. *dolls-........7 42,000 71,000 104,000 103,000 100,000 93,000 Seeds of all kinds........................................ dolls..4,00 3............0 3,000 11,000 29000 1800 2000 Shells: Mother-of-pearl................1...................... 132,000 65, 000 690,000 81,00 93,000 62,000 All other.................................................. dolls.....41,00......0 36,00.....0 31,000 23,000 25,000 44,000 Straw, manufactures of: Hats..d.........................dolls..9............ 92,000 181,000 137,000 85,000 33,000 4,000 ~~Sugar: Raw or b~rown | ~lbs.... 163,941,204 123,747,492 149,491,539 246,151,547 165,709,433 250,542,682 277,289,222 ugar: Raw or brown...................................... dols. 2,867,000 2,293,000 2,761,000 3,956,000 2,669,000 4,977,000 4,864,000 Tobacco: tUnmanufacturedf..........i...._. lbs... 14,010,356 17,929,100 21,044,615 20,630,168 19,044,290 16,276,266 21,359,892.d.. olls 818,000 954,000 785,000 903,000 1,022,000 1,005,000 1,459,000 Cigars..............................................dolls. 1,188,000 1,250,000 1,667.000 1 948, 000 969,000 971,000 904,000 Cigarettes................................................dolls.. 2,000 11,000 10,000 21,000 13,000 16,000 17,000 All other manufactures of............................... dolls 174,000 3,000 40,000 11,000 10,000 6,000 10,000 Wood: Cabinet woods.....................................dolls 24 000 3900 71,000 33,000 96,000 65,000 19,000 All other merchandise....................................... dolls..i 1,268,000 872,000 1,123,000 380,000 517,000 333,000 520,000 IReexports...................................................dolls................ 48,000 1,000 29,000 78,000 137,000 88,000 Total merchandise...................-..................dolls. 19,751,000 23,215,000 23,928,000 33,120, 000 30,251,000 32,353,000 31,917,000 Bullion and specie:, 1 30,1,5006 82 31,91, Gold.............................................. dolls..I 1161.006 3,000 806. 18000 70,000 80,000 19,000 Silver............................................... dolls.. 855.000 2,911,000 2,423,000 6,369,000 4,091,000 4,143,000 553,000 Grand total........................................ dolls.. 21,767,000 26,431,000 27,157,000 39,669,000 34,412,000 36,576,000 32,489,000 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. 65 IMPORTS INTO AND EXPORTS PROM THE UNITED STATES IN ITS COMMERCE WITH THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DURING THE FISCAL YEARS 1895 TO 1906, BY PRINCIPAL ARTICLES. IMPORTS. ARTICLES. 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 Chemicals, drugs, and dyes: Indigo.............................. free..lbs..i........ Coal: Bituminous.............dut..tons........... Copper: Pigs, bars. ingots, etc..free..Ilbs.......... Fibers, vegetable, and textile grasses: Manila.................. free..tons.. 45,865 All other..................free..tons.. i 1,10 Sugar, not above No. 16D.S.... 164, 865, 'Dollars. Chemicals, drugs, and dyes: Indigo..free.......... Coal: Bituminous...................dut............ Copper: Pigs, bars, ingots, etc.......free............ Eartiien, stone, and china ware......dut........... Fibers, vegetable, and textile grasses: Manila.......................... ree 3,572,236 All other.........................ree. 11,851 Household and personal effects, etc.. free............. Iron and steel, and manufactures of..dut............ Metals, metalcompositions, and manufactures of............................ dut... Straw and grass, manufactures of....dut.. 26, 14 Sugar, not above No. 16 D. S.. 67 2....0 1,043,801 Tobacco, and manufactures of.......dut. 1,19 All other free and dutiable articles...... 8,92( Total free of duty................... 3,657,952 Total dutiable....................... 1,073,414 Total imports of merchandise....... 4, 731,361 35,584 38,533 872 5,450 145,075,344172,463,577.................. i.....i 408... 4 ---- - 911 3801..........-... 72,752-. --- — 33,597 32, 1871 25,7931 34,384..... 7...3.....4............ 62.... 280.49..490,542 -------- I --- —-- 51, 625, 280,49, 490, 542i 4, 693, 3334l1, 424, 000 48,170 5,129 29, 489, 60066 56,8701 63,955 8' 217 18,773,333161, 570,614......... I.......... 56,5114 57,650........... 1 77,997, 42469,372,887 Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. I Dollars. o Dollars. Dollars. I Dollars. Dollars. Dollars.............................................................................| 44......................... --- —----- --------- 685 — 464....................................... 191.......... - ------— " 310i 1,118 1,029 746 142 422 215. 38 2,499,494; 2,701,651 3,069,673 3,394,338 5,018,7641 4,254,416' 6,318,470 10,931,18611, 044,789 11,076,28610,818,683 68,838 384,1551 309,2651................ 6,09.'........ 1,016 38,354....... 100 567 149' 1241' 5 1,226 611 1, 662 8,126 3.782 7,002 3,322............................ i! 951 1,449 1,511 973 76 76| 103 93..... 455 704 511! 1, 284' 244 3151 2411 681 81,3521 72,2137 1,522 7 10 17' 323 2401 921 167i 233.................. ----i- -. —....i.!................... - - - --- --------- -- -. -....... 2,270,'902| 1,199,'202 381 279i 969 323 925,5 103,8571 188 159 270,729 884,160| 1,498,3991 1,424,136 808| 2,338 3,2421 4,470 1,392 15,6961 7,0061 57,719, 046 3,44 5,896 60,877 24,108 65, 310' 39,915 8,3401 35,8001 v4,0271 103, 106 83,284' 72,0461 84,745 11813,291,0689141 84,1 2,599,0201 3,086,0571 3,387,1681 3,401,157- 5,031,98' 4,278,1721 6,355,548'10,957,761 2,383,83;1 1,297,6834 443,2471 1,008,617i '939,21 142,740[ 257,152, 414,82:; 11,133,293 11,096,891 10,848,712 933,654 1,561,013 1,489,215 12,066,947 12,657, 90412,337,927 4,982,857 4,383,74 3,830,415 4,409,774, 5,971,208 4,420,912 6,612,700 11,372,584 i I i _ __ — - EXPORTS. DOMESTIC EXPORTS. Animals: Horses......................... no....................... Mules......................... no............... Coal................................tons.................. Cotton, manufactures of: Cloths....yds.. 7,150 18,823 Hay...........tons....................... Oils: Mineral, refined............... galls.. 1,085,500, 1,130,769 Spirits, distilled....................galls....................... Varnish.............................., 354! 1. 138 Dollars. Dollars. Agricultural implements.................. 1,5921 1,096 Animals:; Horses.................................i..................... Mules...........................-......... --- —- --—.-...Books, maps, engravings, etchings, etc.... 44 627 Breadstuffs.............................. 11,293 18,290 Cars, carriages, other vehicles, and parts of. 9591 5,182 Chemicals, drugs, dyes, and medicines..... 320i 3,390 Clocks and watches, and parts of......... 2,576 45 Coal............................. Cotton, manufactures of: Cloths................................. 900' 2,527 All other.............................I 2,455 7,187 Fruits and nuts........................... I 2 Hay....-..-...-.......... --........... Instruments, etc., for scientific purposes... 120 676 Iron and steel, and manufactures of....... 13,343; 10,204 Leather, and manufactures of............. 1,4911 3,503 M alt liqusors............................... 245 1,415 Oils: Mineral, refined..................... 67,837j 89,958 Paper and manufactures of............ 20! 1C Provisions, comprising meat and dairy wproducts................................. 396i 1,718 Spirits, distilled.......................................... Varnish................................. 2,6051 1,50C Vegetables....................................... 571 W ines............................................... ---- --- Wood, and manufactures of............ 277, 262 All other articles...................... 12,782: 14,151 Total domestic exports.............. 119,255 162,341 Total foreign exports............................. 105 Total exports of merchandise....... 119,2551 162, 44C I::::::::::::::::::::: 2~4,58"~"~i i 47 1,578.............................. 2.........I........................I2............................... 1,703 1,175...]...................................I.................... 4,810 44,7401 64,4191 56,7841 84,149 44,3481 56, 657 136,352 58,073 12,578 8,6221 22,728 327 571 954,5631 3,372.211 5,868,689? 5,046,74915,957,161 3,836,059 600 10,544 16, (93 19,134 9,8591 16,129 4,666 8,210 600,837! 1,057,306i 153 29,861 1,247,8931 2,605,83;9 2,889,1071 3,446,9511 7,625,544 1,873,645.........!........ 21 334 83,258 167,072 119,877 52,481 22,787! 33,086 26,986 2, 483 3,540i 2,040! 4,566 6,029i 7,952 6,981 12, 865i 5,629 19,765 Dollars. Dollrs I Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. rDollars. 2,262- 14521 60 1,725 3,128 14,144 9,203 28,583 22,335 211,550 115.160.................................... 230, 400 1... -.- 230,40 117,500..............................I.... --.... 48-:.~....,... 4,499 18, 770 44,160 140, 574 64 4,01 47,8411 79, 79( 10,068 200 12,599 168, 726 570,376 435 444 278,891 346, 94( 315,457 1, 707 2,511 1,649 54,117 180,696 101,213 77,904 85,739 112,402 3,316; 3,2411 13,748 48,955 38,147 77, 224 60,366 68, 929 76, 371........... --. —..i 2,615 19,014 12,659 53,557 9,459 10,165 6,924.......... 14, 430 100, 978 142,6 33 144,995 210, 374 137,617 157,068 346,083 1,9490 1,304 1,895 19,457 57,407 161,863 264,947 253,371 767, 30 224.......... 3, 232 10, 2871 19,9007 84, 7821 51,623! 68, 888 82,935 156.... 3,869 27,2171 18,410 31,249, 32, 626 25, 018 33,327........ |..... --- — 7,820 162,1991 32.3,944 358 8161 18, 046 320,224 89,97[ 3,054, 2,744:,040 13,1121 35,839 69 400! 106,7181 58, 668' 182,158 9,036' 7, 431 19, 584 383,892' 503,127 957.342 657, 3531 778, 7(7' 1, 316, 18 220' 1,012 1, 167:2,909 25, 449 121,0031 147 723 268,575 227, 22 663; 337 91,817 j563,950i 762,176 466,404 310, 495 191, 66 188,941 45,908, 65,995 46 7,21' 119,424 235,397 279, 648 418, 83 799, 00(.......... 544 145i 542,843 66,141 284,788 111,340 94,646, 143,771 544 905 33,090i 60.244 47,374 156, 863 127,936 311,191 310,25.......... -. 40. 9301 156.252; 316,0241 185, 188 124, 875 40,526 78,013 2,2391 3,449 1,617 3,529 6,557i 7, 111 4, 864 10,711 6,051................. 1,635 54,8141 187,6981 58,213 92,551 95,267 94,315...................I. 10. 9501 8,397 22,652 24, 170 8, 397 2, 818 4,237 343; 406 7,862 84,127} 41,5601 418,994 499,563 621 171 291, 29 12,8691 21,826 33,411 98,584 233,620 611,398 410,8341 526,1981 (24,12 DollUrs. 115,800 350 379,14771 379,775 98,914 95,099 5,761 148,705 189,516 214,380 48,490 155,042 188,366 833.918 406,935 81,349 210,104 130,184 490,705 64,431 17,421 112,346 4,018 431,249 986,868 94,597, 127,787: 401,2581 2,635, 624 4,014,180l 5,251,867! 4,028,677 4,831,8601 6,198,384 5,458,867.....| 1 7s1 2,9351 4,8251 12,8184 6,603| 10,232 1,0401 2,236 577.......... 17~ 2,935~ 41825I.2 I I 5,459,444 66 THE COMMERCIAL PHILIPPINES IN 1906. IMPORTS INTO AND EXPORTS FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, 1890 TO 1893 AND 1899 TO 1906, a BY COUNTRIES. IMPORTS (MERCHANDISE ONLY). COUNTRIES. 1890 i 1891 i 1892 1893 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 EUROPE: Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Doars. Dollars. Dollars. Austria-Hungary.....................-......... ---- 2,000 19,000 63,000 72,000 66,000 107,000 126,000 105,000 93,000 94,000 89,000 Belgium............................... 522,9000 294,000j 176,000. 78,000 114,000 120,000 275,000 243,000 219,000 275. CO 299,000 260,000 France........................... 22,000 172,000! 273,000[ 477,000 292,000i 486,0001 1,684,000 1,525,000 1,183,000 1,180,000 832,00 834,000 Germany............................ 185,0001 312,000: 527,000 1,246,000 923,0001 1,210,0001 2,135,000 2,357,000 1,999,000 1,601,000 1,499,000 1,361,000 Italy....................................................... 9,000i 32,000 66(i000 92,0001 146,000! 186,000 150,000 118.000 153,000 198,000 Netherlands............................ 6,000 6,000i 13, 000 41, 0001 178,000 200,0001 179,000 159,0001 163,000 91,000 103,000 150,000 Spain-................... 748,000i 3,376,0001 4,398,0006 5,105,000 29,7033,000 2,091,000 2,161,000 2,389,000 2,621,000 2,009,000 1,931,000 1,787,000 Switzerland............................ 1,000 800 0 8. 47, 000 207,000; 174,0001 216,0001 893,000 883,000! 481.000 480,000 445, 00 593,000 United Kingdom........................ 5,768,000 5,123,0001 5,196,0001 4,248,000J 3, 239,0001 3,946, 000i 6,956,000 5,523,0001 5,172,000 4,128,000 4,848,000 5,224,000 Russia........................................ 249,000 315,000 232,000 287,000 239,000 303,000 44,000 AMERICA: United States......................... 541, 347,000 208,000 957,00 1,352,000 1,000000 2,85,000 4,035,000 3,944,000 4,633,0001 5,761,000 4,334,000 ASIA: i British East Indies....................................................... 810,000, 1.192,000 2,183,000 2,995,000 2,235,000 2,570, 000 2,008,000 1,515,000 Dutch East Indies...................................................... 25. 00 27,000, 21,0001 78,000i 84,000 18,000 79,000 71,000 China (including HIongkong).... —... --- 3,904,000 3,535,000 3,030,000 2,237,000 8,306 000i 8,338,000 6,681,000 6,121,000! 6,390,000i 3,617,000 3,150,000 2,959,000 French East Indies.................... 1,558,000 1, 712,000 1,003,000 518,000................... 1,914,000 3,244,0001 5,956,0003 9,205,0001 5,969,000 3,854,000 Japan.................................. 31,000i 39,000 38,000 183,00 184,000 260,000! 806,000 923,0001 701,000! 803,000 1,018,000 657,000 Singapore..-..-... —.... --- —----- -...- 2,541,000 1,813,000 988,000 156,000........................................... ----- - Siam 46800-50,-10,00 8170......0.........-............................ 468,000 504, 000 610,000 857,000! 903,000.......... OCEANIA: I Australasi~a............... —......... 17,000 48,000 120,000 65, 000 616,000 544, 000 442,000 523,000, 618,000 1, 101,000 1,366,000 1,524,000 Sulu Islands..................................-.....- 4,0 000 5' ''................................................................. AFRICA: Iln.90 100 Egypt. —........-.................. ----.. — 40,000 7,000 12, 000 3,000'........i 3,0001 4, 000 3, 000 4,000 4,000 4,000 2, 000 AL.L OTHER COUNTRIES 7........................-. ---- 7,000 14,0001 10,0001 53,000 93,000[ 50,000| 199,000| 111,000 343.000 Total................................15,884,000l6,798,000 161 315, 00015,891,000 19,189, 00020, 01,000 30,279, 000 32, 142, 00032, 972, 00033,221, 00030, 876,00025, 799,000 EXPORTS (MERCHANDISE ONLY). EUROPE: Austria-Hungary............................................... 1,000 173,000 289,000 89,000 162,000 253,000 37,000 379,000 Belgium................................................. 45, 000........... 3,000 47, 000 142,000 55,000 44,000 183,000 France. --- —-- - ----- -.... 242,000 575,000 1,392,000 1,934,000 956,000 3,679,000 2,127,000 1,492,000 2,703,000 Germany. 20,000 24,000 97,000 82,000 76,000 307,000 107,000 130,000 459,000 Spain............................ ---.. --- —............ 1,839, 000 1, 919,000 977,000 1,226,000 1,655,000 869,000 755,000 966,000 1,434,000 1,803,000 United Kingdom..................7............0-.......... 6,371,00 9,90,000 3,32,000 6,225,000 10,705,000 8,283,000 8,802,000 10,123,000 8,291,000 7,500,000 AMERICA: I United States................................... 2,904,0001 2,995,000 3,935,000 3,526,0001 2,573,000 7,696,00013,869, 00011, 104, 00015,671,000 11,579,000 Canada ------- --- -------................... 5,000 15,000 8,000 11,000 12,000 18,000 31,000 11,000 British East Indies............... I......................... 4,000 368,000 938000 759000 671,000[ 836,000! 658,0001 624,000 663,000 Dutch East Indies...................001..... 27000 22,000 00000 00000 3,000 China (including Hongkong)............................. 5,778,0003 4,867,000 4,014,000 4,145,000 2,771,000 3,646.000, 2,528,000 2,782,000 3,368,000 5,365,000.lapan........................................... 128,0001 306,000 1,022,000 1,032,000; 1,444,000 926,0001 1,502,000 1,205,000 549,000 532,000 Sinfgapore.- -...... ----. --- —-- I --- — 1,575 000, 510 000................ A FRICA:............................................................. — -.................... British Africa.....................................000... 3,000 4,000! 17,000i 122,000[ 12,000' 52,000 1,000 9,000 Egypt......... 387,000- 1,157,000 41,000 334, 000 320,0001 10001 2,000 2, 000 000 1,000 OCEANIA: Australasia................................ ----...... 47,000 320,000' 5;4, 000 600,000 438,000 336,0001 443,000 446,000 462,000 ALL OTIER COUNTRIES......................................... 182, 000i 111,000 12,000 63,000 44,000 70,000 150,0001 326,000' 191,000 233,000 Total........................................... 19,164, 000122,183,000 14, 847,000 19,751,000123, 215, 00023, 928, 00033, 120,000 30, 251, 00032, 353, 000 31,917,000 a No data available for period 1894-1898, inclusive. The data prior to 1899 were taken from Bulletin No. 14, Section of Foreign Markets, Department of Agriculture, and include bullion and specie. For the years 1899 to 1905 the figures were taken from the Monthly Summary of Commerce of the Philippine Islands, Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Depitrtmrent. The years 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, and 1899 are calendar years, the remainder fiscal years. b Includes imports from Sulu Islands. 0 C~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 9~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~o 4% I :*'f t 1, j S ~i ir:s a Q;d B.d E a I I-n r r tf 1 E; i a s:f i;~-. S ~ 4~ 4 ]is f*: f ri^lS I "-io,, - - " G, I - i o. Dim I, i o i 6^0 Ae l, T "*r t * * D UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 13 9011111111111111115 03497 454611 1 3 9015 03497 4546 421,858 -.- I f. t )A,i;~ u.,, n. i f "-. ~pl 11 T 7 i, ~ ~ I f 4. -, i 1, t I ', "f:B, "; ~j."5''i ~1 Jr..rf $ lu anYF" Y'i ~: r, *r- i