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 sr=css==^ 
 
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 JOHNA.SEAVERNS 
 
THE 
 
 Farrier's and Horseman's 
 
 DICTIONARY, 
 
 BEING 
 
 A Compkat Syftem 
 
 o F 
 
 HORSEMANSHIP. 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 I. D I R E c T I o N s for the Know- 
 ledge of Horfes, or Infiruftions 
 how to make a righr Judgment 
 of their Goodnefs or Imperfedi- 
 ons. 
 
 II. For the Breeding of Horfes : the ' 
 Choice and Ordering of Mares, ^ 
 Stallions, and young Colts. 
 
 III. The Feeding, Dieting and Or 
 dering of Korfes for feveral Servi- 
 ces, and particularly of Running, j 
 Hunting, and V/ar-Hor.^s. j 
 
 IV. The Prognofticks, or Signs off 
 the Difeafes, and Maladies of Hor- 
 fes. 
 
 V. The beft Methods of curing all 
 
 Diftempers and Maladies incident 
 to them. 
 
 VI. With a large Coileriion of the 
 moft approved Recipe's of Medi- 
 cine? for each particular Dilcatc or 
 Malady, with the proper Directi- 
 ons for their Ufe. 
 
 VII. An Explanation of all the 
 Terms of Ait ufed in Horfeman- 
 fhip, either in common Riding, or 
 in the Academies for Riding the 
 Great Horfe. 
 
 VIII. An Explanation of all thofe 
 Terms of Art, either in the Me- 
 dicinal or Chirurgical Pra6tice of 
 Farriers, ^c. 
 
 The whole digefced into an eafy Alphabetical Order, 
 
 and ufeful for all, either Farriers, or Dealers in Horfes, whofe Bufinefs, 
 or Genrlcmen, whofe Diverfion and Inclination calls them to an Acquain- 
 tance ^vith that ufefdl and noble Creature. 
 
 By N. "B. $ I A I n n O 2. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for J, Darby, A. B ettes worth, F. Fayram, J. P Em- 
 berton, C. Riving TON, J. Hook e, F. Cl ay, J. B atley, 
 andE. Symon. M. DCC. XXVI. 
 
THE 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 ORSEMANSHI? is fo ufeful and delightful 
 a Study^ that it has been the Entertainment of 
 fome of the greateft Men in mofh Ages : And we 
 are in a f articular Manner indebted to the Duke 
 of Newcaftle for the many excellent Improvements that have 
 been made fince his Time, as well in the Knowledge of Hov 
 fes, as in the drejfwg and managing them* 
 
 The SuhjeB is very extenftve, and includes all that relates 
 to Horfesy viz. their Shape, their Colour, their Age, their 
 Temper, and the feveral Countries and Climates where they 
 are bred ; all which is neceptry, not only in difcovering the 
 true Goodnefs of Horfes, but alfo in finding out their Difea^' 
 fes, and may in fome meafure direct to the proper Remedies 
 and Method of C^re^ The fame is no lefs necejfary in dif- 
 
 A 2 covering 
 
i^ The P R E F A C E. 
 
 covering the proper Services for which all kind of Horfes are 
 the mofi quahjyd , fame are fcr the WarSy fome for Run- 
 ning and Huntings fome for the Saddle^ and others for no* 
 thing hut L-ibour : And therefore the Duke of Newcaftle, 
 who had both an uncommon Genim^ afid a clear accurate 
 Judgment^ was the mofi careful Obferver of thofe Things^ 
 and has excelled all orhersy in giving the trueft Marks of their 
 Goodnefsy as well ai of their ImperjcBions and Defe^Sy and 
 it was from hence ajfo that he made fuch great Advances in 
 the Manage y by affig?iin^ to every Horfe thofe Tasks y to which 
 they had a natural Difpoftion or Aptitude, 
 
 As that great M^fler in Horfemanfhlp made it his Study 
 diligently to obferve Nature, fo he copied after her in all his 
 Rules^ and it was his principal Aim to bring thofe Anions 
 that he difcovered to he the mofl graceful in a Horfcy to be- 
 come the mofl eafy and habitual \ that his mana£d Horfes 
 might not feem as if they were altogether modeled by Arty but 
 only to have their natural AStions regulated by ity knowing ve^ 
 ry well that this is the true VerfeUlon of Art : And there- 
 fore^ tho* many Improvements have been mMe fmce his Time 
 in Ridingy yet no one has been able to depart from his RuleSy 
 whichy as they are founded on NaturCy mufl be the mofl per- 
 feBy durable and lafiing. Neither was he wanting in thofe 
 Accomplifhments that are neceffary on the Riders Part y but 
 as he was himfelf a good Judge of what is eafyy genteel and 
 natural both in Man and Horfe y fo he laid down fuch Di- 
 regions as might render the Anions of the Ridery to corref- 
 pond and keep Time with the ABions of the Horfcy and in 
 all his Aids to make him work with Eafe and Pleafure, 
 
 We 
 
The PREFACE. v 
 
 IVe are alfo indebted to the French for feverd Things 
 necejfary to he known by every compleat Horfeman^ farticu- 
 larly to Solleyfell, and fome others of their heft Equeries^ who 
 have invented many of thofe Inftruments and Accotarements 
 that are proper in the Manage as well as for Ornament^ fuch 
 as Bits J Saddles y and other Furniture, both for the Horfe 
 and his Rider, which are daily improved by our own Riding- 
 Mafters for the more Bafe and Conveniency. SoUeyfell has 
 alfo been very particular and circumftantial in his Account of 
 the Dlfeafes, and has left us a great Variety of Remedies for 
 their Cure and Vrefervation, with many ufeful Obfervations, 
 concerning Shoeing, and the right Management of their FeeU 
 But the Knowledge of their Dlfeafes and their Cure, has of 
 late been reduced to much greater Certainty, and the Art of 
 Riding has been no iefs improved by our own A^aflers^ and 
 there feems nothing fo much wanting after the great Improve^ 
 tnents that have been made by different Hands in their feve- 
 ral Provinces^ as one compleat Syftem containing all that is 
 the mofl neceffary to be known concerning Horfes and Horfs' 
 manjlnp, whereof we have not as yet any perfeEt Example 9 
 for altho^ Sir William Hope by adding his Treatlfe of Ri* 
 ding to SoUeyfell'j JVorks, has defigned it to he an intire 
 Syftem of Horfe manftjlp, yet there are many things in that 
 Work which have been found defeUive, and others fuperfluouSy 
 efpeclally in the Dlfeafes and Cure of Horfes, which G'lhfoTi 
 ku taken Notice of in his Books \ be fides that SoUeyfell has 
 kept to no exaEt Method, hut has treated his Subject In a 
 d'fordc'ly Manner, which renders his Works in a great Mea* 
 fure unpfofitable to thofe who are not before-hand pretty well 
 verfed in the SuhjeB, Moft other Books that pretend to in- 
 
 elude 
 
m The PREFACE. 
 
 dude all the Parts of Horfemanjhlp are yet more defeBlve] 
 and for the mofi fart full of Blunders, And therefore it is 
 to he prefum^d, this new Attempt will not he unacceptable to 
 the Puhlick, in Regard fuffcient Care has heen taken to ren* 
 der it more perfect and compleaty than any other Treatife yet 
 extant upon the SubjeB. 
 
 It contains all that is exprejfed in the Title y and is com* 
 piled in the Manner of a Di^ionary^ that Method being of 
 the mofi univerfal Vfe in a Work of fo great a Variety ^ and 
 which conffts of fever al ArtSy wherein ally tho^ they relate to 
 the fame SuhjeBy have neverthelefs their different Principles^ 
 and abound with a confiderable Number of Terms, the mean'- 
 ing of which have in a great meafure heen left unexplained 
 hy the Writers in Horfemanjlnp \ which cannot but he the 
 greater Lofsy becaufe the Knowledge of thisy as of all other 
 Sciences depends very much in being frfi acquainted with the 
 Terms of Arty and other Principles. This is no doubt the Rea^ 
 fon why other Dictionaries of the like Intention have heen fo 
 well received hy the Publicky in Regard fuch Books are a great 
 Furtherance to Knowledge, and ferve infiead of a great many 
 Volumes and InflitutionSy which otherwlfe the Reader is obliged 
 to perufiy before he can arrive at any tolerable Infight into a^ 
 vy Art \ but that a Dictionary is as ufefui in Horfemanjhip 
 as any other Science, will appear undeniable to thofe that con- 
 ftdcr the Subject well. For, what a vafi Number of Terms 
 and Diftlnttions are made ufe of only in denoting the feveral 
 Colours of HerfeSy their Mixture and Marks ! Every thing 
 in their Shape is reprefented by fome proper F^efemhlancey 
 wherein they agree with other Animalsy as well as in their 
 Cefiurey their Going or other Anions- The whole of the Ma-' 
 
 nagCj 
 
The PREFACE. vii 
 
 mgCy both what relates to the Horfe and his Rider, conjifis 
 in a Variety of Terms, which are for the moft fan derlvsd 
 from the French and other Foreign Languages, and the fame 
 with ReffeEb to the Furniture, Ornaments, and other Appur- 
 tenances. Moreover^ the Knowledge of their Blfeafes abounds 
 mth a very great Variety^ and requires the underfianding of 
 tnofi phyjical Terms, which are the more numerous, as it 
 includes the feveral Farts of healing both internally and ex- 
 ternally, together with the Anatomical Part, whereunto may he 
 added all that relates to the Medicines, which requires the 
 Knowledge of many Terms, made ufe of both in Pharmacy and 
 Chymiftry, as alfo the Virtues and Properties of the Remedies 
 themfelves, whether Simple er Compound. And laftly, the Shoe- 
 ing, with fome other Things peculiar to the Farrier^s Province 
 relating to the Difeafes, which are fometimes exprejfed in 
 Terms different from thofe made ufe of in the Difiempers of 
 the Human Body, all which renders the Study of Horfeman^ 
 pip very tediom and difficult. 
 
 Now whoever confiders thefe Things, will readily acknow- 
 ledge, that no other Method is fo proper for a Work of this 
 hnd which contains all the Tarts of Horfe m an f.np. For here 
 you have not only all the Terms of Art clearly explained, but 
 the Art it felf methodically treated of^ according to the moft 
 approved Maflers in their feveral Provinces, and in the moft 
 eafy and familiar Manner. All that relates to the Goodnefs, 
 or to the Faults and ImperfeBions of Horfe s, and their Dif- 
 eafes, are explained under their proper Heads, and befides, the 
 Virtues of the mofl approved Medicines Simple and Compound, 
 which are defcribed in their Order. There are alfo proper 
 Remedies annexed to each Difeafe or Symptom^ their Prognof- 
 
 tickSf 
 
viii The PREFACE. 
 
 tlchi Signs and CaufeSy with References to thofe which have 
 an Aff^'^ity and Relation to each other. Tloe Method to pre- 
 ferve Health is alfo laid down according to the hefl Rules of 
 their Diet and Bxerclfe^ with fro^er Scqurings and other Re- 
 medies to he taken by way of Prevention. Every thing that 
 relates to Shoeing^ and to the Cure or Vrefervation of their 
 'Beet is lihwlfe treated of, with a Defcription of all the In- 
 flruments made ufe of by Farriers in their Trade or Pra^ice* 
 Alfo the he(h Method of breedings and the Order of dieting^ 
 and prepari:<g Horfes for a Race or Match, All the Furni- 
 titre and Appurtenances belonging to the Horfe and his Rider, 
 and the proper Furniture of the Stable are here alfo defcribed 
 with the Infiruments and Vtenfils made ufe of in the Riding 
 Academies. The Ltffons of the Manage are likewife ren- 
 dered very plain and eafyy and proper References made to 
 thofe which have any Affinity y with an Explanation of all fy- 
 nonymotu Terms, and their mofi proper Vfe and Application*.. 
 
 ' As to any Thing further we refer to the Wor\ it felfy and 
 pall only here tah Notice in general, that as all poffible Brevi- 
 ty has been fludied on the one hand^ fo there is 'nothing omitted 
 that is neccffitry to be known by the mofi skilful Horfeman. 
 
 TH E 
 
iwi ju')t"a] ' H».iuj».»w c^—— iWiaM w i »i — i 
 
 
 THE 
 
 Horse-man and Farriers 
 
 DICTIONARY 
 
 
 ABATE. 
 Bate, a Horle is iaid 
 to abax or taxke do.vn 
 his Curvers,when work- 
 ing upon Curvets, he 
 puts his two hind-legs 
 to the Ground both at 
 once, and obferves the fame exacl- 
 nefs in all the times. When a Horfe 
 harps or grapples with his two Hams, 
 and in working keeps his Legs very 
 low, he abates his Curvets with a 
 good grace, that is, his two hinder 
 Feet touch the Ground together. 
 A B C E S S. 
 Abcefs {ignifies that critical Dif- 
 charge of Humours, which docs not 
 pafs off by the common Emunflo- 
 ries,but is iepararcd from the Blood in 
 the Capillaries, where it gathers infjch 
 a Quantity as to break the VeiTe's, if 
 it have net vent given it chirurgically. 
 When Matter is lodg'd within the 
 common, but chiefly the larger In- 
 terftices of the Body, as thofe Fur- 
 rov/s or vacant Spaces between the 
 Mufcles^ or between the Mufclcs and 
 Bones: ''^ then forni? an Abce^, 
 
 ABCESSES. 
 
 I? Abcejfes be fmall, the Cure may 
 be effacled by opening them. You 
 make a large Orifice in the dependent 
 and lowermoft Part, and anTift with a 
 good Bandage to keep tliofe Parts clofa 
 together ; but i^ they are large and 
 deep, they mufl: be laid open the 
 whole length \ except the Skin can be 
 kept deprcf.'d by the Application of 
 Flax into the hollow Part ^ for as long 
 as there is any Lodgment for the 
 Matter, the Abcefs will bo conflantiy 
 fill'd. 
 
 The properefi: Dre-Tings are Tur- 
 pentine, or Turpentine mixt with 
 Honey, or the Yolks of Eggs with a 
 little E.-andy or S^^irit of Wine, and 
 if there be not an ill habit of Body, 
 thele will generally cure. 
 
 A B D O xM E N. ^ 
 
 The Abdomen in human Bodies, is 
 commonly call'd the lower Venter or 
 Belly. It contains the Stomach, Guts, 
 Liver, Spleen, Bladder, (^c. and is 
 covered with a Membrane call'd the 
 Feriton^.mn, Of a Horf? efpecially 
 the Abik?7m2 is to be underftood to 
 
A C 
 
 C 2) 
 
 A C 
 
 ir>ein all that cavity, which is belovv 
 the Midriff, and is cncompals^d b^ 
 
 -V 
 
 ipalj'd by 
 the fl-)ort R:bs,the Point of the Breaft- 
 tonc, Haur.ch bones, and Share rones, 
 and is fih'd with Guts and other En- 
 trails. 
 
 ABLUENTS. 
 Abluents iignifie fuch things as thin 
 and dilure tiie Blood. 
 
 ABSORBENTS. 
 Abfcrbents are Ibch Medicine; as 
 by the fottnels or porofry of their 
 con^ponent Parts either cafe up the 
 Afperiti(!s of" pungent Humours, or 
 dry away fup.rfiuous Moiilure, as 
 with a Spunge. 
 
 Superfluous Humidity relaxes and 
 foFtens the Fibres, by laying 3 Load 
 and V/eighr upon them, and by that 
 means dcftroys their Spring and Vi- 
 gour ; the ulc ot Ablorbents is to 
 drink them up. 
 
 The follow "ing are reckoned Ab- 
 forbents-y of Woods, Boa;, Guaiacnm, 
 Saffafras and Saunders i oi Barks, 
 Cuaiacum and Sr.JJafras 5 of Animals, 
 Crabs-claws, Crabs- eyes, Mother of 
 Pearl, and mod She- Powders. 
 A drying Abforbent Fowder. 
 
 * Take burnt tiartshorn, tVhite- 
 
 * chalk, and Bo'e-armmiack half an 
 
 * Ounce, pound them to a fine Pow- 
 
 * der tor one Dofe. 
 
 * Or, pound 2 Ounces of White- 
 
 * chalk to a fine Powder. 
 
 When a Horie eats Clay or Mud 
 outot the Wallsjif either of the fore- 
 mentioned be mix'd with his Water, 
 they willdr) up thcfc Juices that are 
 offenfive to his Stomach. They are 
 alfo very good in all Rheums and 
 Defluxions. 
 
 ACACIA. 
 
 Acacia is a fort of fmall Thorn 
 f^rov/ing in Egypt, from the Leaves 
 •and Fruit of which a Juice or Li- 
 qucr is drawn, and being dried bears 
 the fime Name with the Plant. It 
 is cold and very aftringent, and there- 
 fore is very good for ftopping Lasks, 
 
 Loofenefs or Scouring j but Apothe- 
 caries feldom fell that which is right, 
 but inftead of it the Juice of Sloes, 
 which they call by the Name of A- 
 cacia. 
 
 ACIDS. 
 
 Acids is a Name given to all Li- 
 quors and Subflances, which are com- 
 pos'd of Particles which affed the 
 Talle with Points fharp and pier- 
 cing. All Sours are Acids. 
 ACME. 
 
 Acme fignifies the Height of a 
 Diftemper • which is divided into 4. 
 Periods ; 1 . The Arche. the beginning 
 or fiift Attack. 1. The An.\baJ;s or 
 Ciowth. 3. T*^i. Acme or Height. 
 And 4 he Faracme, the Declenlion 
 ot the D-ftf^mp.T. 
 
 Ir.e Drink called ACOPU M. 
 
 ' Take ot Cafcoieum x Ounces, of 
 
 * Euphorbium (-nc Ounce, Adraces a 
 
 * quarter of a Pound, Bdellium an 
 
 * Ounce and a quarter, Opopanax 7. 
 
 * Ounces; Fox-greafe an Ounce, Pep- 
 ' per 2 Ounces; Laferpitium an Ounce 
 
 * and a halt-, Ammoniacum a quar- 
 
 * ter of a Pound j Pigeons-dung a 
 ' quar'^er of a Pound, Galbanum an 
 ' Ounce, Nitre 2 Ounces and a half, 
 
 * Spuma Nitri an Ounce and a half; 
 
 * Laudanum half a Pound, Pyrethrum 
 
 * and Bay- berries of each an Ounce 
 
 * and a half, Cardamum a quarter of 
 
 * a Pound ; Seed of Rue a quarter of 
 
 * a Pound ; Seed of Agnus Caftus 2 
 ' Ounces, Parfley Seed an Ounce; 
 « dry'd Roots of Iris, or Flower-de- 
 ' Luce, 2 Ounces and 3 quarters; of 
 
 * Oil of Bay as muchj of Oil of 
 
 * Spikenard a Pound and a half, of 
 
 * Oleum Cyprinum a Pound and half, 
 « the oldeft Oil of Olives 3 Pound, 
 ' Pitch 3 quarters of a Pound ; Tur- 
 
 * pentinc half a Pound, Of all theie 
 
 * that may be melted, melt every one 
 
 * feverally by it felf, and afterwards 
 
 * mingle them together with the reft 
 
 * of the Ingredients, after they have 
 
 * been reduc'd by pounding to a fine 
 
 *" Pov/derj 
 
A G 
 
 C3) 
 
 A C 
 
 * Powder: jct them boil a little on 
 
 * the Fire, then take it oil- and Irrain 
 
 * it into a dean Gai!y-pot, and keep 
 
 * it For ufe. 
 
 ' And if you find that it has^rown 
 
 * hard by long keeping, moilifie it 
 
 * with Oil of Cyprus, {o that it may 
 
 * be good and thick. 
 
 The Virtues and Ufe of it.] It is 
 hot in the working, or cile it would 
 not hold good in ca'le oF Surfeits, Con- 
 vuliions, TiredneFs, and the like; and 
 therein the chieF Virtues oFir confift, 
 being outwardly apply'd; but if it be 
 gi/en inwardly, it is not altogether 
 fo hot ; for it for the moll part helps 
 Fevers. Some adviFe not to give above 
 2 Spoonfuls of it in a Q^uart of good 
 ftrong Beer or Ale^ bur Mr. Mar'kha?n 
 adviFes to give 4. or f Spoonfuls of it, 
 in Sack or Muicadincj which are oF 
 thcmieives hot ihings. 
 
 Outwardly it helps Convulsions in 
 the Sinews and MuFcles; it draws 
 forth all noifbme Humour?, and diF- 
 burther.s the Head of all Grief, by a- 
 nointing a GooFe-fcather with it,'and 
 putting it up in the Nodrlls of a 
 Horfe. 
 
 It heals all Forts oFCramps,String- 
 Halts and Numbnefs, Colds and 
 Rheums ; it difTolves Obftrudions in 
 the Liver, and FoFtens and relaxes 
 where the Parts are too rigid and dry j 
 by bathing the Limbs, 'it refreflics 
 them when a Horfe is tir'd and wea- 
 ry. And if given inwardly by way 
 oF Drench in Wine, or ftrong Ale or 
 Beer, it helps all Ibrts of invvard DiF- 
 eaFes. 
 
 A C O R, 
 
 ^cor is 3 SourneFs at the Stomach 
 contraded by Indigeftion , From 
 whence arijfe Flatulencies and Four 
 Belchings. 
 
 ACTION. 
 
 Aci'tcn of the Mouth, is the A- 
 giration of a HorFe's Tongue and 
 Mandible, which keeps his Mouth 
 ircflj by champing on the Bridie. 
 
 When you fee this white ropy Foam, 
 a HorFe has the Aftion of the Mouth, 
 and it is a Sign oF FJealth, Mettle and 
 Vigour. 
 
 Aciion and Operation of the power 
 Animal, is to diFcern, to move and to 
 Fee!. 
 
 HorFes move by means oF the Vsr- 
 tf^e-motitey the A6lion and Operation 
 oF which is in the Contradtion and 
 Di'a'ation oF the Mufcles, whereby 
 every Member hath its moving, which 
 is owing chiefly to the right DiFpo- 
 Fition oF the nervous Fiuid, whereon 
 all the orlier Seiiies in a great Mea- 
 fure alio depend. 
 
 The Aciion or Operation of the 
 Vovpcr-vital, is originally From the 
 Heart, and Arteries which proceed 
 From it J whereby is meant the Cir- 
 culation of the Blood. Whether it be 
 dirturbed or hurt in a Horfe's Body, 
 every good Farrier or Horfe-marfhal 
 eaFilv knows by the unequal beating 
 oF his PuIFe 5 /. e. of the Arteries, 
 which come down from the HearC 
 to the inFide oF his Fore-legs, a little 
 below the Hunckles of his Shoulders, 
 and alfb croft both the Temples of 
 his Head. Nor is the thickneFs of the 
 Skin oFan HorFe any hindrance to 
 the feeling of this Motion ; For as 
 the Skin oF a HorFe is thicker than 
 a Man's, Fo his Arteries are larger, and 
 beat more ilrongly, and fo of confe- 
 quence may be Felt the more eafily. 
 
 The Aftions or Operations of the 
 Torper-natnral are to engender., to en- 
 crcafe, to nourtfh, to defire with ap' 
 petite, to attraci, to change, to digefi, 
 to retain and to expeU and many 0- 
 tker of che like kind. 
 
 Thefe Anions therefore ought io 
 be carefully look'd into, by every one, 
 v^hoFe bufinefs is to take care of 
 Horles, that he may by them learn, 
 not only the v/hole Effate oF the Bo- 
 dy of an Korie, but alFo what parti- 
 cular Member of i: may be ill af- 
 fccled. 
 
 B 3; As 
 
A C 
 
 (4) 
 
 A C 
 
 ^ctrulneff.unnim 
 
 if he find in a Horle much ior- 
 lenefs of his Limbs, 
 or dulnefs upon correcftion, it is a 
 token of Sicknefs in the Bmin, and 
 that the Fovper-ammal is diiorder'd, 
 in regard the Animal Spirits have their 
 Rile from the Brain. 
 
 Ii he finds his Pulfe beats much 
 too flow or too faf!:, it is a fign his 
 Heart is afflitlcd, and his Toroer-i^'ltd 
 evilly affeficd. 
 
 If he finds he confumes, pines a- 
 VAay, ar:d lofes his Stomach, it is a 
 ii^n that his inward Part's cut of 
 frame, and hi-s Voxoer-natural evilly 
 affefted. 
 
 .Again, Actions are, fome voluntary ^ 
 atvl fome involuntary. 
 
 Voluntary Actions are thofe, that a 
 Horie may either further or hinder, 
 Hay. or let wlien he pleaies, as tlie 
 moving of the Legs, i^c. 
 
 The involuntary Anions are thofe 
 that do not depend upon the Will of 
 a Horle, but arc done naturally and 
 of their ov^m accord i as of the mov- 
 ing of the Heart, and of the Arteries, 
 and of the Paflage of the Blood 5 the 
 firft of which b.ats fieeping and wak- 
 ing, and the other hath its courfe eve- 
 ry Minute. 
 
 The mofl: certain way of knowing 
 the true S'-a'.e and Condition of the 
 Health of a Horfe, is by bringing 
 Jaim to Adion. 
 
 A Horfe that by eale and pamper- 
 ing has been fudder.ly fatted, when 
 he is firfl: brought our of the Stable, 
 moves wich as much brisknefs, and 
 appearance ol: as much true Mettle as 
 any other; but in a little tim;ehewill 
 begin to flag, and if he be put into 
 i^ny Exercile that is a little violent, 
 he' will tremble and ftagger, and if 
 you look into his Eyes you may per- 
 ceive them troubled and full of red or 
 yellow S'.rokes. 
 
 The Eye is a Part that is weak and 
 delicate, and fo is eafily affe6fed in all 
 hy. habits 9f Bo^y, and 15 om of tli€ 
 
 fureH: Marks to know the Temper and 
 Difpofition of the Body. 
 
 All Animals whicfyare of a v/eak 
 and delicate Confiiiution, ^^all no iefs 
 Ihew the fame Prognofticks in (heir 
 Eyes, when they are kept too much 
 in the want of Food ^ and thisi.^ fuf- 
 ficicntly explain'd, in Lhat there is not 
 a fafficient Srock of Spirits to main- 
 tain the Circaiation in ih'e extremiie 
 Parts; f3 that rhe 'Blood which is 
 by theExercife hrov n into (he Eyes, 
 is not fufficieutly forwarded ; but is 
 damm'd up m thofe fmall Veffels, un- 
 til "he Horf • is brought to reft. 
 
 If a Hcrie fveats, when he isfirfb 
 brou:^ht into Adion, it is a fign that 
 he is not in perfed: good order : But 
 thi-^ appears moft nianifeftly in Hor- 
 fcs tha^ have been newly taken from 
 Grafs. 
 
 However, all Horfes which are not 
 enur'd to Exercife are no Iefs lubjedt 
 to this Infirmity, and are not fit for 
 Service, till they have been hardened 
 by conftant and daily labour of fon}€ 
 kind or another. 
 
 When you perceive your Horfe to 
 fweat, it is certainly the beft way to 
 have him rid every day ; but at firft 
 he ought to be rid very gently, or 
 elfe all thofe Accidents happen that 
 are cailomary to Men that are un- 
 ufed to travelling. 
 
 If it happens in hot Weather, and 
 the Bo'dy of the Horfe is in any pre- 
 vious difjrder, even of Plenitude, it 
 brinj^s him inro very much dan^^er of 
 falling into putrid or malignant Fevers. 
 A C U L E R. 
 
 Ac'iler; This Word is borrowed 
 from the French, in whofe Aca- 
 demies it is ufed, and fignifies that 
 a Ho'-fe in the Manage in working 
 upon the Volts, does not, at every 
 time or motion, go far enough for- 
 wards ; fo that his Shoulders embrace 
 or take in too little Ground, and that 
 his Croupe comes too near to the 
 Center of the Volt. This Horfe is 
 
m G 
 
 (s) 
 
 A G 
 
 {n\d to have Acule, becaufe the Horfe- 
 rnan did nor turn hi.'; Hand, and put 
 him on wi- h the Calf of his inner 
 Leg. There is in ^^orfes a natural In- 
 clinarion to commit this Fault, in 
 making Demi-volrs. 
 
 When the Italians work a Horie 
 upon the Demi-zolts, which they call 
 Repo!o?is ; thev afPeft to make them 
 cut fliort, or Aculsr. See Replou and 
 x.ntabhr. 
 
 ACUTE. 
 
 An Acute Difeafe, is any Difeafe 
 that is attended with an increafed 
 Velocity of Blood, and terminates in 
 a few Days. 
 
 ADDERS TONGUE. 
 
 Adders Tongue is hot and dry, good 
 for Wounds in the Breaft.and Bowels, 
 and for Ulcers and Inflammations. 
 
 AD PONDUS OMNIUM. 
 
 Ad Fondui omnium, a Term made 
 ufe of in Phyfical Prefcription;, and 
 iignifies that the !aft mentioned In- 
 gredient, ought to weigh as much, as 
 all the other before. 
 
 ADUST. 
 
 Adtifl Humours, are fuch as by long 
 heat, be<:omc of a hot and fiery Na- 
 ture, as choler and the like. 
 
 The Black ^G YPTi ACUIVI. 
 
 * Take a Pound of coarfe EngUflj 
 « Honey, Green CopperaSjDyer's Galls 
 « and Verdegreafe, of each 2 Ounces ; 
 
 * powder them and mix them toge- 
 
 * ther, fet them over the Fire in an 
 
 * earthen Pot, keep them continually 
 
 * ftirring, till it begins to boil, then 
 ? immediately take it off, for if it 
 
 * boil long it will turn red, and will 
 
 * not be 16 goodj then let it ftand to 
 
 * cool. 
 
 TheKed /EGYPTIACUM. 
 
 * Take i Pound of coarfe Honey, 
 
 * Green Copperas an Ounce, and 
 ' Verdegreafe 2. Ounces; reduce the 
 
 * Copperas and Verdegreafe to a fine 
 ' Powder, put it into an earthen Pot 
 f with a little Vinegar, and let it boil 
 f till it becomes red, then keep it for 
 ^ ufe. 
 
 The Qualities of the???.'] They are 
 both corrolivcs; ir beii^g their Nature 
 to cor ode and eat away all manner 
 of dead pioud, rotten Fiefli out of 
 any old ^ore or Ulcer. 
 
 The Black ^■yaiammk^ood to 
 mollify a Horlc's Hoofs, if they are 
 too dry or hard ; if there be any Cor- 
 ruption in the Foot, it will caufe it to 
 afcend above the Coronet where the 
 Hair is ; and alfo to reflore the Hoof 
 of a Horfe, when the Sole is taken 
 out. But this Unguent is to be u£'d 
 only at the third Drc(l;ng after the 
 Sole has been taken out. 
 
 A G A R I C K. 
 Agarlck is a fort of Fungus or 
 Mufliroom, that grows on the Larch 
 Tree, v/hich produces the Venice Tur- 
 pentine. Tho' the Tafte q[^ it is very 
 difagreeable and naufeous, yet it is 
 frequently given to Hor fes as a Purge; 
 it purges Phlegm ar.d Choler, is good 
 for the Liver and Kidneys • but being 
 mild in its Operation, it requires to 
 be given either in very large Qijanti- 
 ties, or v/ith other Ingredients that 
 are more fmart •, othcrwife it will 
 anfwer no other end but what the 
 Farriers call a Scourer:, for which In- 
 tenllon it is very good. 
 AGE. 
 Age of a Horfe, is the ipace of 
 time that is paft fince he was foaled; 
 this deferves to be particularly regar- 
 ded; becaufe a Horfe has the advan- 
 tage of being capable of fhewing and 
 fetting forth the different Progrefs of 
 his firft Years. 
 
 Firft, By the Number of his Tcethp 
 
 , accordingly as he either cafis them or 
 
 fhoots them forth one afrer another, 
 
 or as they change, and give place tp 
 
 frefli ones. 
 
 Secondly, In part by black Specks 
 or Marks, which Nature ha5. placed 
 upon fome of them. 
 
 Thirdly, By fome other Prefum- 
 
 ptions which are of lels certainty ; as 
 
 ■ B 5 thofe 
 
A G 
 
 C6) 
 
 A G 
 
 thofe which are taken from the Joints 
 or Knots of the Tail. 
 
 The youngeft of rheie Hoifes can't 
 be above the Age of i Years and a 
 half, becaule he is but now calling 
 his Nippers, 
 
 One that is cafiing his middlir.G; 
 Teeih, is between 3 "and a half, and 
 4. Years o'd. 
 
 The third Horie that is now pi:t- 
 ting forth his Tajhss, and his former 
 Teeth are Jud upon the Point of ap- 
 pearing, muft be about the Age of 4 
 Years. 
 
 But as for an eld T^ndipj Hc-r^c, 
 who has had Tricks play'd with his 
 Teeth, and his Ane has been counter- 
 feited, you may perceive that he is 
 countermark'd, by his corner Teeth 
 being long, and clear of Flefli. And 
 altho' it may ieem as if he had not 
 yet raz'd, and was not yet 7 Years 
 old^neverthelcfs he begin? io feel See 
 Kazie, Seel, Shell-tooth, Teethe &c. 
 To knorp the Age of a Horfe. 
 Firft, By his Teeth. You are to 
 obferve that a Horle has in his Head 
 jull 40 Teeth 5 6 great Wong-teeth 
 above, and 6 below on one fide, and 
 as many on the ether, thefc are cali'd 
 hisG^'/Wfn, thtic all make 24. Then 
 in the fore-part of hisMou h he hath 
 6 above and 6 below, thcfe are cali'd 
 Gatherers, and make 36. Then thtre 
 are 4 Tufl^es, one belov/ and one a- 
 bove on one lide, and one below and 
 one above on the other fide, which is 
 juft 40. 
 
 The firft Year of his Age he hath 
 his Toals-teethy which are only Grin- 
 ders and Gatherers; and they arefmall, 
 white, and bright to look upon j bat 
 he has no Tufies. 
 
 The fecond Year the 4 foremoft 
 Teeth in his Head are changed, fo 
 that they appear browner and bigger 
 than the other. 
 
 "When he is 5 Years old he chan- 
 geth the Teeth that are next to them, 
 and leaves nq apparent iQfils-teeih be- 
 
 fore; but only a on each fide a^ove 
 and 2 below, and they are fmall and 
 bright. 
 
 When he is 4 Years old, the Teeth 
 next unto them are changed, and 
 there are no more Foais-teeth left 
 than one on each fide above and be- 
 low. 
 
 At the Age of f Years, his fore- 
 mofl -teeth will be all changed, but 
 then the Titfies on each lide are com- 
 pieat 5 thoie which come in the pla- 
 ces of the lail Foals-teeth Tvh:ch he 
 calls, will be hoHov^, and they will 
 have a little black Speck in the midfl:; 
 this is cali'd the Mark m a Horfe' s 
 Mouth, and will continue till he is 8 
 Years old. 
 
 When a Horle is 6 Years old, he 
 puts up his new TuJJies, near about 
 which you may very plainly fee a 
 new little Circle of young Flefh 
 growing at the bottom ot the Tuflj, 
 and aifo ihtTufliw'i^l be white, fmall, 
 fliort and fliarp. 
 
 When he is 7 Years old, all his 
 Teeth will be at their full or perfect 
 Growth, ond the Mark in the Mouth 
 before mentioned, will appear very 
 plain. 
 
 When he comes to be 8 Years- 
 old, all his Teeth will be full fmooth 
 and plain, and the black Speck will 
 fcarcely be to be difirerned, and the 
 TufJjes will lock yellower than or- 
 dinary. 
 
 At 9 his foremoft Teeth will (hew 
 longer, more yellow and foul, than 
 they did before, and the Tufies will 
 be become blunrifh. 
 
 At 10 you cannot feel with your 
 Fingers any Holes at all in the infide 
 of his tifper Tufhes, which you may 
 always leel very perfedily till that 
 AgCi and befides that the Temples 
 of his Head, will begin to be crooked 
 and hollow. 
 
 When he is 1 1 Years old, his Teeth 
 will be very long, yellow, black and 
 foalj but he vv'iil cut even, and his 
 
 Teeth 
 
A G 
 
 ( 7) 
 
 A G 
 
 Teeth will ft:nd direcftly oppofiteone 
 again ft ii^' other. 
 
 When he is ii, his Teeth wil) al- 
 io be long, ycliovv, black and fou! i 
 and then his uppc- Teeth will over- 
 reach and har^ over hisnerher Teeih. 
 
 At 13 Yeais of A^e, his TnJJjes 
 will be worn {bn:cv\ har dole to his 
 Chaps ( if he has been much idden) 
 or elfe they will be bLck, foul and 
 long, like the Tud^es ot a Bear. 
 
 Secondly, By the Hoof: If fh'- Hoof 
 of an Horfe be fmouth. moift, hol- 
 low and well founding, it is a lign 
 he is your^; but on the contrary, if 
 his Hoof be rugged, and as it were 
 beamed one Seam over another, and 
 many, if they be dry, foul and rufly, 
 it is a fign he is very old. 
 
 Tl/irdlyy By the Tail. Take a Horfe 
 by the Stern of the Tail, clofe at the 
 fetting on by his Buttock, with your 
 Finger and Thumb, and feel hardj 
 and if you fed on each fide his Tail 
 a Joint ftick out more than the rell:, 
 about the bignefs of a hazel Nut, you 
 may judge the Horfe to be under t'. n i 
 but if the Joints be all plain, and you 
 can't feel no Cich Joint (ticking our, 
 than he is above that, and may be 
 fifteen. 
 
 Fourthly y '^y thz Eyes. If the Eyes 
 of a Horfe be round, full and daring 
 from his Head; if the Pits -^hat are 
 over his Eyes be fill'd fmoofh, and 
 even with his Temples, and have no 
 Wrinkles either under the Eyes or a- 
 bout the Brow, then the Horfe is 
 young ; bur if you fee the contrary 
 Signs to thtfe, he is old. 
 
 Fifthly, By his Sktn. If you take 
 up the Skin of a Horfe betwixt your 
 Finger and Thumb on any part of 
 his Body, and pluck it from theFlefh, 
 letting it go again, if it return fud- 
 denly to the place from whence it 
 came, and is fmooth and plain with- 
 out wrinkle, the Horfe is young and 
 full of ftrength ; but if on the con- 
 trary, when you have pulled it up, it 
 
 ftands, and does not return to its for- 
 mer place, he is very old, and very 
 much walled. 
 
 Sixthly, By his Hair. If any dark 
 cobured Horfe fliall grow grifTcl only 
 abovt che Eye-brows, or underneath 
 the M^'-n, or a whiiilh coloured Horfe 
 grow meane'ld, with Meanels that 
 are ei»^her white or black, uniVeriaily 
 over. Thefe are both infallible Signs 
 of exrrcme old Agiz. 
 
 ' ezicnthiy^ By the Bars of his Mouth, 
 If the Bar I of the ^lonth of a Horfe 
 arc ibtt, fliaiiow, and iiandle gently 
 and tenderly, the Ho-fe^ is voung and 
 in li\1; bu' if they be.'Teat, d.'rtp,and 
 handle rough and hard, then he is ve- 
 ry old. 
 
 AGGLUTINANTS. 
 
 Agglannccr.ts are Medicines which 
 are of an adhefi'/c, glewy Nature, 2nd 
 fuch as by paffing (lowly through 
 the Canals and VtlTels, are not onlv 
 by thar means difpofed to put a Oop 
 to the Iwift motion of a thin, fl^arp 
 Blood, but alfb to make up the De- 
 cays and Waftes, which have been 
 created by any fich DJfpofition in the 
 animal Body \ and this A/lrin^ents do, 
 by the property of (lopping the hur- 
 ry of the Blood, and by giving it a 
 more fi.m and adhefive Texture, and 
 as it were by blurting the Acrimony 
 of the Juices, which by their fliarp- 
 nefs abrade and wear out the Solids. 
 
 The following are accounted Ag- 
 glutinants : 
 
 As to Herbs, Archangel, Clary^ 
 Hounds-tongue, Fla?Uain, Shepherds- 
 Furfe, and Spleen-vport. Of Flowers, 
 the Ur^er Comfrey. Of Seeds, Be^»/, 
 Oats, Peaf, Rice, &c. 
 
 AGNUS CASTUS. 
 
 Agnus Caftus. The Leaves and 
 Roots are hot and dry, are of very 
 thin Parts, and are good againft Wind, 
 AGRIMONY. 
 
 Agrimony is cleanfing and aperitive. 
 
 The Juice is frequently us'd in Con- 
 
 tufions and frefh Wounds, and in Fo- 
 
 B 4 mentations 
 
A I 
 
 (8) 
 
 A I 
 
 rpentations for diffolving hard Tu- 
 mours, and drinking up fuperfluous 
 Humidiviesi for wliicii Intentions it 
 is very efficacious. It is recommen- 
 ded as good to open Ohio udlion.^ in 
 the Spleen and L.iver, and e{fc6rual a- 
 gainfi Droplies, and all evil habits, 
 and to hcnl inward Griefs, is good to 
 ilrengthen the Lungs, and for a bro- 
 ken Wind. 
 
 A G R I P P A. 
 
 The Ointment o'^ Agrippct is a ve- 
 ry excellent Remedy tor all watery 
 Tumours in the outward Parts, they 
 being anointed therewith. It alfo kills 
 Worms, and expels Water by pur- 
 ging. 
 
 AGUE. 
 
 A Tever which returns at certain 
 Periods, and begins generally with a 
 cold fhivering Fu, and ends with ex- 
 ceflive heat and fweating, and differs 
 only from an intermitting Fever in 
 this, "jiz,. That the latter returns at 
 uncertain times, and ieldom is atten- 
 ded WMth a cold Fit. 
 
 A I D. 
 
 To A'uh rjj:ft or faccour a Horfe, 
 iignifies to iuihin and help him to 
 work true, and obfirvehis times and 
 mor-ions with a juft cxacStnds. 
 
 A Horfe is to be cjjifted with the 
 Calves of the Legs ; to be helpeclwkh 
 a nice, tender Heel ; and to be aided 
 with the Tongtic. It is not enough 
 to aid a Horie with the Rod ; he 
 mutt have ha:Tner Aids. 
 
 uiids are fuch Helps or AiTiflan- 
 ces, which are given by a Hcjfe-man, 
 hy the gentle and moderate cffedls of 
 the Bridle, the Cavezon. the Spur, the 
 Toinfon, t.he Red, the Adc'^on of the 
 Legs, the Moti-on of the Thighs, and 
 the Sound of the Tongue. 
 
 Thele Aids are made ufe of to a- 
 void che neceiTity of that Correilion 
 which is Icmetimes necefTary in 
 break'vig and managing a Horfe, 
 
 A Perfcn will never ride well, un- 
 Ms h? is very attentive and active, 
 
 without being precipitate, not to iofe 
 or mifs the times, but to give the 
 Aids feafonably: For if that be not 
 obfcrv'd, the Horfe will be accuftomed 
 to dole upon it. 
 
 If a Hoife does not obey the Aids 
 of the Calves of the Legs, he is to be 
 help'd by the Spur, by giving him a 
 prick or two. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have his Aids 
 njery nice, when he takes them with 
 a great deal of Facility and Vigour. 
 
 A Gentlewan is faid to give his 
 Aids very fine ; when he animates 
 and roufes up his Horfe very £'afpna- 
 bly, and in order to make him ob- 
 ferve his Times or Motions juftly, 
 helps him at juft rums. 
 
 By the ExprePfion, This BarifknoTVs 
 the Aids, is meant ; he obferves or 
 anfwcrs the Aids j he takes them 
 fine. 
 
 By The Verfon does not give the 
 Aids of the Cavezcn with Bifcretion,^ 
 is meant that he m.akes a Correilioa 
 of them, which will baulk a Horfe. 
 See Brouiller. 
 
 Inner-A^ds, the inner-Heel, the m- 
 
 ner-Leg, the inner-Rein : Outer- Aids, 
 
 the outer-Heel, the outer-Leg, the out- 
 
 B.ein. See Infide-, Enlarge 2t.n(\Narrotv. 
 
 A I R. 
 
 Air of a Horfe, is a Cadence ancl 
 Liberty of Motion, which is accom- 
 modated to his natural Difpofition, 
 that makes him v/ork with the Ma- 
 nage, and rife with Obedience, jufl- 
 nefs of Meafure and Time. 
 
 The Word -<4r> is, by fome Riding- 
 Maflers, taken in a ftridl Senfe, to 
 fignify a higher, flower, or more art- 
 ful, or defigned iManage than the Ter- 
 ra a Terra ; but others rake it in a 
 larger "Acceptation, and include a Ter- 
 ra a Terra under that Scnfe : For 
 when a Horfe manages well a Terra 
 a Terra, they commonly fay ; the 
 Horfeman has / it the Air of the Horfe. 
 
 Generally fpeaking,the Gallop, Trot 
 
 gnd WMk are not accounted Airs^znd 
 
 ■ ■ yet 
 
A I f 9 ) A L 
 
 yet fome Riding-maflers, by the Term foundred, or become otherwise afFe£l<. 
 Air would underftand the Motion of ed in his Wind. 
 
 But if this Redundancy fhall hap- 
 pen very much upon the Stomach 
 and Guts, and the Glands and Fibres 
 in thofe Parts become lelaxed, then 
 probably violent Gripings and Loofe- 
 nefs will enfue. 
 
 Sometimes the Load fal's upon the 
 Eyes, Mouth and Glands about the 
 Throat, and then a Horfe is affefted 
 as with a Cold, and commonly cau- 
 fes a Running at the Nofe. 
 
 And if, when this PreiTare is made 
 upon the Body of an Horfe, he be 
 flefhy and full, oftentimes a very great 
 Stagnation of Blood in all Parts en- 
 fues, and terminates in a putrid or 
 malignant Fever; as the want of Cir- 
 culation difpofes the Blood and Hu- 
 mours to Corruption and Putrifica- 
 tion. 
 
 And fometimes it happens, as in 
 the Cafe of a flagnated pefti;ential 
 Air, the Obftrudions are fo fudden 
 and univerfal, that they fbon occaiion 
 death, by aifedling the Brain or other 
 principal Parts. 
 
 Again, when the Air is become 
 too much ratified, and the PielTure 
 of it is not fufficient to fqucezs the 
 Glands and Velfcls on the extremities 
 of the Skin and outward Pares, a Re- 
 dundancy mufl: unavoidably follow, 
 and the principal Bowels become load- 
 ed, jufl: as when the Air is too thick 
 and condens'd. 
 
 BefideSj the Glands are by this 
 means gorged, and the Matter they 
 contain ferments and turns corrupt, 
 and often is attended with this Ef- 
 fe£l, viz,. That it breaks out upon 
 the Skin, caufing a Foulnefs. 
 ALBUM GR^CUM. 
 
 Album Gr<zcumj or Dog's Turd, 
 is ufed for Hories in Cataplafms and 
 external Applications, to abate Swel- 
 lings and Inflammations, efpecially m 
 the Vives and other Diibrders about 
 the Throat, 
 
 ALBUM 
 
 Air 
 
 the Legs of a Horfe upon the Gallop, 
 and when he bends his fore-legs too 
 little in galloping, they'll fay, the 
 Horfe has not the natural Air. 
 
 A Horfe has not a natural ^/V, but 
 you fliould give or form an Air to 
 him ; and if his Haunches are very 
 good, if you do but learn him an Air, 
 hts capable of the Manage. 
 
 All Horfes have naturally an Airt 
 that is, they have motion enough 
 v/ith their fore legs to take a Ca- 
 de?ice, if they are put to work a Ter- 
 ra a Term. 
 
 A Horfe always takes his Leffon 
 with his own Air. Therefore you 
 fhould fix or confirm a Horfe in the 
 Air he lias taken. One Horfe takes 
 the Air of the Curvets, one prefents 
 him.felf with an Air for Caprioles. 
 
 High Airs, or high Manage, are the 
 motions of a Horfe, which rifes high- 
 er than Terra a Terra, and works at 
 Curzets, Ralotades, Croupades, and 
 Caprioles. And becaufe fuch a Horfe 
 has the beginning or firft S^eps of 
 rais'd Airs, and of himfeif affeds a 
 high Manage, this Difpofition of his 
 ought to be difcreetly ufed, that he 
 may not be baulk'd or difheartened ; 
 tor a Horfe of high Airs is apt to be 
 angry, when he is too much put to 
 it i and his Shoulders fliould be well 
 fuppled, before he is put to leap. See 
 Tefate and Leaping. 
 
 The Efecis of Air upon the Conjli- 
 pit ion of a Horfe.'] When the Air is 
 too thick, it is injurious by reafon of 
 its extraordinary Prcflure, hindering 
 Perfpiration ; fo that the Secretions 
 thereby become affcfted, and the Mat- 
 ter which ought to be carried off 
 through the Pores of the Skin, either 
 by Sweat or infenfible Tranipiration, 
 is forced to find a PafTage ibme other 
 "vay; or elfe the principal Bowels 
 have a Load laid upon them, and from 
 Hjicnce a Horfe may eafily turn chefl- 
 
A L 
 
 (10) 
 
 A L 
 
 ALBUM CAMPHORATUM. 
 
 Album Camphoratum is an excel- 
 lent Ointment, and one ot the 4 cold 
 Ointments. It is a great drier,is good 
 to afluage Pain ; is effectual for Scabs, 
 Burnings, and hot Inflammations, 
 Chafings, Frettings or Callings of the 
 Skin; it dries up Ulcers, and allays 
 the itching of them in the time ot 
 healing. 
 
 A L E H O O F. 
 Alehoof or Ground Ivy is cleanfing, 
 and good to remove Obftrudicas of 
 the Entrails, it is efficacious in in- 
 ward Wounds, Pains and Gripings by 
 Wind. Old Pains in the Joints and 
 in all Dileaies afTedling a Horfe's 
 Wind. 
 ALEXANDER or WILD 
 PARSLEY. 
 The Seeds and Roots are cleanfing 
 and attenuating ; but are not Ho hot 
 and dry as thofe of Garden Parfley. 
 They are good againft Wind, to pro- 
 voke Urine, for the Strangury, and 
 Obftru(f^ions of the Liver. 
 
 ALEXIPHARMICK, 
 Alexipharmjchy is a Name com- 
 monly given to thofe things that a- 
 vail in Fevers, efpecially thofe of the 
 malignant kind, by promoting Sv/eat. 
 But in a (Irifl Senfe to thofe things, 
 which prevent the Mifchiefs from the 
 Bites of poifonous Animals. They 
 are generally calculated to fuie and 
 inelt down the Vifcidities of the 
 Blood, and render the Impurities of 
 it fit for Separation, fb as to be e- 
 jed:ed by the common Outlets by 
 a moderate Breathing, or gentle Sweat. 
 * Take Rue, ScoVdium, and Cala- 
 « mint of each 4 Ounces, Contra- 
 
 * Yerva and Virgi.uan Snake-root of 
 
 * each 2 Ounces, of Saffron an Ounce, 
 « and make them, into Powder. 
 
 This may be given twice a Day to 
 the quanti y of ^ Spoonfuls in warm 
 {laic Beer, or white Wine, or in Hyf- 
 ibp-V/ater, Penny-royal -Water, or 
 Milk-Water: v,-i.:h a dadi of Treack- 
 
 Water,or itsSuccedaneum,and fhouH 
 be repeated till the Fever abates, keep- 
 ing the Horle moderately warm. Or, 
 * Take Bay -berries, long or round 
 
 * Birth- wort and Myrrh, of each 2 
 
 * Ounces, Calamus Aromaticus, Ga- 
 
 * langals, Celtick Nard, Spani/Ij An- 
 
 * gel'ca, Spikenard, Virginia Snake- 
 ' root and Zedoary,of each an Ounce; 
 
 * Anrifceds, Cubebs, Ginger and long 
 
 * Pepper, of each 2 Drams, of Cam* 
 
 * phire, and the driefl and cleaned O- 
 
 * pium.ofeach 4. Scruples, mix them 
 
 * and reduce them into a Powder, 
 
 The Dofe may be by way of 
 Drench, 2 Spoonfuls either in a Quart 
 of Beer, or a Decodion of Rue, Pen- 
 nv-royal or Savin ; repeat it twice a 
 Day in all the Difdrder^ before men- 
 tioned, till the Diftemper comes to a 
 Solution. Or, 
 
 You may make it into an Elcdlua- 
 ry with g times the Weight of the 
 Ingredients of Hone) , ar;d it will be 
 a good Succedaneum for the Venice 
 Treacle, and will be preferable to it 
 infome malignant Cafes. 
 
 * Take dry'd Rue, Virginian Snake- 
 
 * root and Savin, of each 4 Drams, 
 
 * Camphire and Opium of each 1 2 
 ' Grains, of SafFon 4 Scruples. Half 
 this quantity will be a Dofe. 
 
 This is to be given as the former 
 in all the fame Intentions. 
 
 ALEXITERIAL. 
 
 Alexiierial, the fame as Alexiphar- 
 ?nick. 
 
 ALKALI. 
 
 Alkali is generally taken to m.ean 
 all fuch Bodies as will ferment with 
 Acids. 
 
 ALKALIZATED. 
 
 Alkaliz,ated, is when any Liquor 
 is impregnated with an Alkaline Salt, 
 cither to make it a better DiiTolvent 
 for fome particular Purpofes, or to 
 load the Phlegm fo as not to rife in 
 Diftillation, whereby the fpirituous 
 Parts will go over more pure. 
 
 ALKANET. 
 
A L 
 
 (11) 
 
 A L 
 
 A L K A N E T. 
 
 Alkanet Root is cold and dry, and 
 is aftringent, and clcanfes cholerick 
 Humours. The Leaves are lefs pow- 
 erful, yet are aftrin^^ent, are good in 
 the Ye'iows, Fluxes, Bruifes and 
 Worms. 
 
 Confeciion of Alkermes. 
 
 This is recommended by Solleyfell, 
 and fome Italian Authors, as a great 
 Cordial in Fevers and all malignant 
 Diftempers: but it's a very dear one, 
 and therefore not commonly us'd for 
 Horfes ; but for thofe that will be at 
 the Charge of it, take the Recipe as 
 follows : 
 
 * Take the beft Pippin Cyder and 
 
 * Rofe-water of each 5 quarters of a 
 » Pound, of the Juice of Kermes one 
 
 * Pound, white Sugar half a Pound ; 
 
 * clarifie and boil them up to the 
 
 * confidence of Honey ; and if you 
 
 * wouid make it with the Sweers, 
 
 * add Amber-grcafe diilolv'd in fbme 
 
 * Drops of Oil of Cinamon, Musk, 
 
 * Powder of Cinamon, Aloes Wood, 
 
 * Pearls, and Leai Gold, for Decora- 
 
 * tion. 
 
 ALLANTOIDES. 
 
 Allantoides is the urinary Tunick 
 which is plac'd between the Amnion 
 and Chorion, whch by the Navel and 
 Urachus {oT PafT.ge by v/hich rhcU- 
 rine is convey 'd '"'rom the Fditus in 
 the Womb) receives the Urine that 
 comes out of the Bladder. 
 
 ALLHEAL. 
 
 There are fevcral kinds o^ Aliheah 
 all of which are moderately warm and 
 drying i they are of an aftringent qua- 
 lity, and being bruifed and boil'd in- 
 to an Ointment, are good for green 
 Wounds inwardly. It is good againft 
 Worms, Convuliions of the Sinews, 
 provokes Urine, cures the Bitings of 
 mad Dogs, ^c. 
 
 Srpeet ALMONDS. 
 
 Thefe are of a foft, cooling, and 
 Balfamick Quality, and the Oil is 
 good in all Piiordcrs of the Breaft aod 
 
 Kidneys, by taking off the alperitj^ 
 and fharpnefs of the HunrwDurs. 
 Bitter ALMONDS. 
 
 Thefe are more deterlive than the 
 other, and are good in the Difeafes of 
 the Spleen, Liver, Mefentery, and o- 
 ther Vifcera. The Oil, when it is 
 dropped into the Ears, loofens the 
 Wax, when it is too much hardened 
 in them, and by that means helps the 
 Hearing. 
 
 ALOES. 
 
 Aloes is the Juice of the Plant of 
 two forts, the Hepatick and the Sue- 
 cotri/ie. The Hepatick Aloes comes 
 commonly from Barbadoes in large 
 Shells like Gourds. It you break ir, 
 it is of a fort of Liver-colour, and 
 thence it is call'd Hepatick. It is of 
 a rank offenfive Smell, and more 
 rough in its Operation than the Suc- 
 cotrine, and therefore is what i? com- 
 monly adminillred to Hoifes, as a 
 Purge. 
 
 The Succotrine Aloes comes to us 
 from Arabia and JEgypt in Skins of 
 a blackifh Colour; if you break it, it 
 appears fliining, and the Powder is 
 yellowifh, and hath litrle or no Smell. 
 This is much (afer than the Hepatick 
 Aloes, and if the T^oie be enlarged, it 
 will work as eflfediuaily. 
 
 They are both powerful Purgers of 
 grofs and watery Humours; but the 
 Hepatick is beft for Worms. 
 To purifie Aloes. 
 
 DifTolve xht Aloes in as much warm 
 Water as is requifite to pafsit through 
 a Flanel, and then evaporate it to a 
 Confiftence. Or you may ufc Spirit 
 of Wine or Spirit of Tartar, but thefe 
 are apt to imbibe the Spirit of the -4- 
 hes, £0 that many of its Parts evapo- 
 rate with the Aloe^. 
 
 ALTERATIVES. ^ 
 
 Alteratives are thofe Medicines, 
 
 which have no immediate fenfible O- 
 
 peration, but do gradually gain upon 
 
 the Conftitution, by changing the 
 
 Humours 
 
A M 
 
 C lO 
 
 A M 
 
 Humours from a State of Diflempe- 
 rature to Health. 
 
 A L T H E A. 
 
 The Ointment of Akhea is one of 
 the 4 hot Ointments, it foftens, dif- 
 iblves and afTwages Pains in any part 
 of the Body^ and is efficacious a- 
 gainft StifFneis and Contra6lion of the 
 Nerves, helps in Palfies and Convul- 
 Coiis. 
 
 ALUM. 
 
 There are feveral iorts of Alum, 
 but the Koche Alum is chiefly us'd. 
 It is a Mixture o^ Mineral Alum with 
 Urine and Kali, 
 
 It is very rou^h and afl:rino;ent; 
 and therefore its Solution in Water, 
 or its Deco6tion, is of en made ufe 
 of to dry up too much humidity in 
 Ulcersj and its Powder when burnt 
 is of great fcrvice to eat off proud 
 FJcfli and other Excrefcences. 
 
 Being powdered and mixt with 
 Kutmeesor other fbftArom.itickln- 
 grediciiis, it is very good for Hories 
 that have LoodniefleS; when their Sto- 
 mach and Bowels a-e much relaxed, 
 or in fuch V/eaknelTcs as render them 
 feeble and inclinable to fweat. 
 Treparations of Ala m . 
 
 Melt Alutn in a clean Fire-n^ovcl 
 or Crucible, and let it bubble till it 
 Lecomes a white hard Subftance. 
 
 This is comimonly made ufe of fo 
 eat away proud Flefh, which it does 
 verv gently j but it very often leaves 
 a hardnefs and unevennefs in the Part 
 to which it is applied, and fo wan^s 
 the affiftance of dillblving Plaiflers af- 
 ter it. 
 
 Alum Water and Alum Tcjfet are 
 us'd to walh Ulcers and Tetters ; but 
 they cauie fuch a hardnefs and rough- 
 nefs of the Skin, that it frequently 
 cracks, and breaks out in frefh Pla- 
 ces, and is very detrimental to the 
 Hair of an Hone. 
 
 AMARA DULCIS. 
 
 Amur a diilcis or v^^oody Ni^htJJjade, 
 both FjLiit and Leaves are hot and 
 
 dry, are cleaniing and good for Ob- 
 flrudiions of the Liver, (hdrtnefs of 
 Breath, Bruiies and Yellows. 
 • A M A R U M. 
 
 The Ointment Amarum is good 
 for expelling of Water and killing of 
 Worms, by anointing the Belly and 
 Chelf, and betv/cen the Shoulders. 
 AMBER. 
 
 The Powder is an Ingredient in 
 manv Corrpofitions, and of it ielf is 
 both a D yer of Humidity and a 
 Strengthener. 
 
 The Preparations are chiefly a Salt 
 and Oil, which nrc both ufefui 
 
 The S^lt i-; a moll exxellent Reme- 
 dy in all Difeales of the Head, asithe 
 Vertigo, Epilepfy, and other Indiipofi- 
 tions wh^:h caufe the Staggcs. But 
 there is fcldom any that is genuit^e 
 to be hod of the Chymifts, who fell 
 that which is composed of other In- 
 gredients, made up with the Oil of 
 Amber ro give it the proper Smeil. 
 
 The Oil may be given in the fore- 
 mentioned Dilbrders of the Head, and 
 in all Fevers where the Nerves are af- 
 fefted, and may be mix'd with the 
 Spirit of Lavender, Spirit of Sal Ar- 
 moniack, or any other Cephalick Me- 
 dicine of the like Intention, and may 
 be given fingly in any proper Vehicle 
 from a Dram to two Drams. 
 
 The unredcified Oil is good for 
 removing violent Pain and Stiffnefs 
 in the Legs, in all Paralytick Numb- 
 neffes, Cramps, and other Convullive 
 Difbrders, and in old Grievances in 
 the joints. The rcȣtified Oil is more 
 penetrating, and therefore preferable 
 for a Horfe in many Cafes. 
 An A M B L E. 
 
 The Duke of NewcaJIle thus de- 
 fcribes an Amble. The Horfe re- 
 moves both his Legs of a fide : As 
 for example; take the far fide, he 
 removes his fore Leg, and his hinder 
 Leg of the fame Me at one time, 
 v/hilfi: the other 2 Legs on the near 
 fid.t fland AiH j and y/hen thofe Le^j 
 
 are 
 
A M 
 
 (13) 
 
 A M 
 
 are upon the Ground which he firft 
 removed, at the fame time they are 
 upon the Ground, the other fide, 
 which is the near fide, removes the 
 fore Leg and hinder Leg, on that fide, 
 and the other Legs on the far fide, 
 (land ftill. 
 
 Thus an Amble removes both his 
 Legs of a fide, and every remove 
 changes fides; two of a fide in an 
 Ay re, and two upon the Ground at 
 the fime time. And this is a perfe(5l 
 Amble. Or, 
 
 An Amble is commonly the firft 
 Pace of young Colts or Foals i but 
 as foon as they have fi:rength enough 
 to trot, they quit it. 
 
 That is done in the Breed, which 
 is commonly praftis'd in England-^ 
 for to put an Horfe upon an Amble, 
 they put Locks upon them, and Wifps 
 of Hay round the Pafterns of their 
 hinder Legs; but at the fame time it 
 is not confidered, that there is no 
 fiich thing as an Amble in the Ma- 
 nage; nor do Riding- mailers allow 
 of any thing but Pace, Trot and Gal- 
 lop. 
 
 And they give their Reafon for it : 
 That a Horie may be put from a 
 Trot to a Gallop without ilopping 
 him ; but a Horie cannot be put 
 from an Amble to a Gallop without 
 a flop, which lofes time, and inter- 
 rupts the Juftnefs and Cadence of the 
 Manage. 
 
 Amble free. A Horie which goes 
 a good Amble, when led by the Hal- 
 ter in one's Hand, is faid to be Amble 
 free. 
 
 Ambic broken. See Ajibin. 
 
 There are feveral Methods to make 
 an Horie Amble. 
 
 I. Ambling by the tlougyd FieU. 
 Some affirm there is no \vay fo ex- 
 cellent to make an Horfe Amble, as 
 to toil him in his Foot Pace throun[h 
 new plough'd Lands, but others dif- 
 approve of this, becaufe of the weak- 
 ii^£s zud lameijcfs tiiat fuch diiorder- 
 
 ly toll may bring to a young Horfe. 
 
 2. Ambling by the Galley. Some 
 teach their Horfes from the Gallop, 
 by fudden flopping, a more fudden 
 chocking him in the Cheeks of his 
 Mouth, and putting him into fuch 
 an amazednefs, between his Gallop 
 and Trot, that lofing both, he can't 
 chufe but find out Ambling. 
 
 But this Method is difapprov'd by 
 others, not only on the Account of 
 the too great Toil ; but becaufe it 
 fpoils a good Mouth ( if the Horfe 
 had one before) and lofes a good 
 Rein (if there were any) and expo- 
 ks him to the danger of an Hoof- 
 breach or Sincw-llrain,by over- reach- 
 ing and clapping one Foot againft ari- 
 other. 
 
 3. Ambling by Weights. Some pre- 
 fer Ambling by Weights as the beil 
 way, and overload their Horfe with 
 unreafbnable heavy Shoes. This is 
 alfb difapprov'd by others, becaufe 
 they n"jake him interfere, flrike fhoii: 
 with his hind Feet, and tho' his Mo- 
 tion be true, yet it is fb flow, that it 
 is not worth his labour. 
 
 Others fold great Weights of Lead 
 about their Feet-lock Pailerns, to thi.- 
 it is objeded, that thcfe Weights have 
 not only all the mifchiefs of the for- 
 mer, but put the Horfe in danger of 
 incurable Strains, the crufliing of the 
 Coronet, and the breeding of Ring- 
 bones, Crown-fcabs, and Quitter- 
 bones. 
 
 And whereas another loads his 
 Horfe upon the Fields with Earth, 
 Lead, or fomie fuch like mafify fub- 
 flance; this may occafion a fway- 
 ing of the Back, the over-flraining of 
 the Fillets, and a general difabling of 
 all the hinder Parts. 
 
 4. Ambling in Hand, or not ridden. 
 Some endeavour to make an Horfe 
 Amble in hand, before they mount 
 his Back, by the aififtance of Ibme 
 Wall, imooth Pale or Rail, and br 
 chocking him in the Mouth with the 
 
A M 
 
 (14) 
 
 A M 
 
 Bridle Hand, and by correding him 
 %vith a Rod on the hinder Hoofs, 
 and under the Belly, when he treads 
 talfe. Others do not appiove of this, 
 bccaufe it drives a Horfe to a defpe- 
 rate franticknefs, before he can be 
 made to underftand the meaning of 
 it ; as rearing, fprauling out his Legs, 
 and making a great many antick Po- 
 ftures, which are hardly ever re- 
 claimed when once fettled ; and be- 
 lides, after all this labour, as foon 
 as he mounts the Back of the Horfe, 
 he is as far to feek as to Ambling, 
 as if he had never known fuch a Mo- 
 tion. 
 
 f. Ambling by the help of Shoes. 
 Another prncures him a pair of hin- 
 der Shoes with long Spurns or Plates, 
 before the Toes, and of fuch a length, 
 that if the Horfe offers to trot, the 
 hinder Foot beats the fore Foot be- 
 fore it. This Method is not to be 
 approv'd, becaufe the Shoes are made 
 of Iron, and the Legs of the Horfe 
 of FleOi and Blood, and the hinder 
 Foot following the fore Foot with 
 Violence, every ftroke it gives muft 
 light upon the back Sinews, than 
 which no part is more tender, nor a- 
 ny Wound that brings a lamenefs 
 more incurable. 
 
 6. Ambling by fine Lifts. Some, to 
 make a Horfe Amble, fold fine foft 
 Lifts flreight about his Gambrels, in 
 the Place where an Horfe is gartered 
 for a Stiffle-ftrain, and turn him thus 
 to Grafs for i or 3 Weeks, and af- 
 terwards take away the Lift. This is 
 a Spanifij Method, but is difapprov'd; 
 for tho* a Horfe cannot then trot but 
 with pain, yet if they gain their Point, 
 they mufl: offend the Members, if 
 tkey do not hurt the Limbs j and if 
 they do not hurt the Limbs, they lofe 
 their labour; and if they do gain the 
 AmbUt it mufl be difgraceful, being 
 an ambling and cringing in the hin- 
 der Parts without comelinefs, fpeed, 
 •r clear deliverance. 
 
 7. Amblmg by the Hand only, O- 
 thers are of Opinion, that the true 
 way to make an Horfe Amble, is by 
 the Hand only. Which might be al- 
 low'd, if a Secret could be found out 
 to efFedf it, and a Man could make a 
 Horfe do all that he imagined. But 
 Horfes are rebellious Creatures, and 
 Men are furious ; and the leaft of ei- 
 ther of thefe will fpoil the whole O- 
 peration: and it is not pofilble for a- 
 ny Man to fudge an Horfe to any 
 new Motion, intircly unknown, but 
 he will refift with its utmofl Power 
 againft it. 
 
 And belides to perform this with 
 the hand alone, it mufl: be done only 
 from the Horfe's Mouth, and that 
 Mouth neceflarily be altered from his 
 firft manner of riding; for to ufe all 
 one hand, mud prefer ve all one Mo- 
 tion ; and then where will be his 
 Ambling, which Vv^as not known at 
 the firfl: backing. 
 
 Again at the firfl: backing an Horfe, 
 it is endeavoured all that is poffihle to 
 bring his Mouh to all fweetncfs, his 
 Rein to all flatelinefs, and the gene- 
 ral carriai^e of his Body to all come- 
 linefs. Now in performing this Coujfe 
 of Ambling only by the hand, the 
 Mouth mufl be changed from the 
 Chaps to the Cheeks of the Mouth, 
 which is from fweetnefs to hardneis, 
 the Rein muft from conftancy be 
 brought to unconftancy ; for the Eyes 
 which were wont to look upwards, 
 and theNofe and Muzzle which were 
 couched inward, muft neceflarily be 
 turned outwards, and the general 
 comelinefs of the carriage of the Bo- 
 dy will be brought to diforder and 
 falfe treading, or elfe the Horfe will 
 never be brought to the true art of 
 Ambling only by the hand; but fbmc 
 Horfes that have a natural Difpofition 
 to Ambling, take to it this way with 
 great Eafe. 
 
 8. Ambling by the Tramel. This 
 is allow'd to be the nearcftj the beft, 
 
 and 
 
A M 
 
 ( If) 
 
 A M 
 
 and the moft affured way, yet there 
 are a great many Errors in ir. 
 
 Ttrji, The Trarael is often made 
 too long, and fo gives no ftroke, and 
 that makes an Horfc hackle and fliuf- 
 fle his Feet confufedly ■■> or it is made 
 too Ihort, and that makes him roll 
 and twitch up his hinder Feet fo fud- 
 denly, that it does by cuftom bring 
 him to a llring-halt, and he will 
 fcarcely ever be recovered from it af- 
 terwards. ^ 
 
 Some lofe their labour by mifpla- 
 cing the Traniel, and to prevent fal- 
 ling, place them above the Knee and 
 above the hinder hooF. But this Me- 
 thod is not approved, as being neither 
 good nor handibmc ; becaule if the 
 Tramel be either too long or roo 
 loofe, fo as to give no offence to the 
 Sinews, and other Ligaments, about 
 which they muft of necefTity be 
 bound, when they are raifed £q high, 
 they cannot give any true ftroke, nor 
 can the fore Leg compel the hinder 
 to follow it. 
 
 And if they are fliort and ftrait, Co 
 that the fore Leg cannot flep for- 
 ward, but that the hinder muft go e- 
 qual wi^h it; then it will prefs the 
 main Sinew of the hinder Leg, and 
 the flefliy part of the fore Thighs, 
 that the Horfe cannot be ab'e to go 
 without halting before, and cringing 
 and crambling his hind Legs fo ill- 
 favour'dly, that it will be very un- 
 fightly to behold : belides it v/ill oc- 
 caiion Sweats, and draw down hu- 
 mours, that will be more noifome 
 than the Pace is bcnefic'al. 
 
 Some make their Tramel of fuch 
 coarfe and hard ftuff, or elfe gird it fo 
 ftrait, or elfe leave it fretting up and 
 down, fo loofe, that the Legs of the 
 Horfe are gall'd, fo that neii-her Hair, 
 nor Skin are left on them *, or if it 
 does nor do rhe laft. it leaves fuch un- 
 handfome marks upoa the Legs, that 
 are very unfightly. 
 
 To make a, Horfe Amble xoith all 
 the gracefulnefs and perfaJioa that 
 can be required. To Amble truly and 
 without controul. F/>y?, Try with the 
 hand by a gentle and deiib.-rate rack- 
 ing and thruding of the Horfe for- 
 ward and backward, by helping him 
 in the Weeks of his Mourh with the 
 Snaffle (which ought to be large, 
 fmooth,and full) and to correal him 
 with the Calves of the Legs, and 
 fometimes wiih the Spur, firit on 
 one fde, and then on the other. 
 
 There will be much labour fav*d, 
 if you can make him flrike into an 
 Amble, tho' it be very diforderlyj be- 
 caufe that proclivity oraptnefstoAm-^ 
 ble, will make him endure the Tra- 
 mel with more eafe and lefs danger, 
 and help him to find the Motion, 
 without ftumbling or amazement. 
 But if this Method does not fucceed, 
 a Horfe will not by this apprehend 
 the Motions or Intentions : It is not 
 good to ftrive with him that way a- 
 ny longer; but ufe the Tramel accor- 
 ding to the following Direcff ions. 
 
 The Vorni of the Tramel.'] Some 
 make the Tramels all of Leather, but 
 they a^e not the beff, becaufe they 
 will either ilretch or break ; if the/ 
 break, they fpoil the Operation hj 
 uncertainty, if they f^retch, all the 
 labour is lofl. Some make them oi 
 Canvafs, and that galls the Horie. 
 Others make them of flrong Lifts, 
 and thofe have all the Faults of the 
 formeri becaufe the foftnefs will not 
 permit them to lie clofe, and thegen- 
 tlenefs caufes them to flretch beyond 
 com pais, or elfe break upon every 
 flumble. 
 
 As to a true Tramel, the fide Ropes 
 ought to be fo firm, as not to yield 
 an hair's breadth ; the hofe fhould be 
 foft, and lie fb clofe, as not to rhovc 
 from its firfl place; and the Back- 
 band ought to be flat, no matter hov^? 
 light it is, and fhould be fo defended 
 
 from 
 
A M 
 
 C i6) 
 
 A M 
 
 from the Fillets as not to s:^!!. This 
 Tramel fhould be made as follows : 
 
 Fh'Ji, The fide Ropes ought to be 
 made of the beft, finefl:, and ftrongcft 
 Pack-thread, fuch as Turhey-thvead, 
 and twifled by a Rope-maker into a 
 delicate ftrong Cord; but no bigger 
 than a finall Jack Line; it fliould 
 have a Nocfe at each end, as flrong 
 as it is poflible for them to be made. 
 They muft not be twined too hard, 
 but gentle, and in a yielding condi- 
 tion, becaufe that will bring the Mo- 
 tion on mi ore eafily, and alfo keep 
 the Tramel from breaking. As for 
 the length of the fide Ropes, it fhould 
 be jufl 36 Inches, and fo equal one 
 to the other, that there cannot be a- 
 ny difference difcerncd between them. 
 
 The Hofe which are to be plac'd 
 in the fmall of the fore Leg, and the 
 fmall of the hinder Leg above the 
 Feet-lock, muft be m.ade of fine,fbft, 
 pliant Girt-web, and be lined with 
 double Cotton. Over the Girt-web 
 muft be faftened ftrong Tabs of 
 white Neat's Leather, well tallowed, 
 and fuited to an even length, and 
 ftamp'd with holes at equal diftances, 
 which muft pafs through the Noofes 
 of the fide Ropes, and may with ve- 
 ry ftrong Buckles be made longer or 
 fhorter a't pleafure. Thefe Hole, the 
 Girt ftiould be 4 Inches in length, and 
 the Tabs ten. 
 
 The Back-band ( if you Tramel all 
 the four Legs) fliould be made of 
 fine Girt-web, and lined with Cot- 
 ton, that being of no other ule, but 
 to bear up the fide Ropes. But an 
 ordinary Tape will &Tvey if you Tra- 
 mel but on one fide, if care be taken 
 that it carries the fide Ropes in an e- 
 ven line, fo as not either to rife or 
 fail ; for if it fhould rife, it would 
 Ihorten the fide Rope, and if it fhould 
 fall, it would endanger its tangling. 
 
 The true ufe of the TramelJ] Bring 
 t\\Q Horfe into an even fmooth Path, 
 
 without rubs or roughncfs, and loofc 
 his near fore Leg, and the near hind 
 Leg, then put the fide Rope to them, 
 taking care that he ftands at that juft 
 proportion, to which Nature her felt 
 hath formed him, without either 
 ftraining or enlarging his Members, 
 then by a fmall Tape faftened up to 
 the Saddle, ftay the fide Rope in that 
 even, juft length. 
 
 Then put him gently forward, 
 ftraining his Hcnd with your Hand 
 on the Bridie, and if there be occa- 
 fion for it, have an Affiftant to put 
 him forward alfoj and ^o with all the 
 gentlenefs you can, force him to Am- 
 ble up and down the Road, letting 
 him take his ov/n leifure, that he 
 may thereby come to undcrftand his 
 reftraint, and what your Mind is, as 
 to the Motion he is to perform. 
 
 And if he ftiould fiiappcr or ftum- 
 ble now and then, or if he happen to 
 fall, it is no great matter, you need 
 only to ftay his Head, and give him 
 leave to rife of himfelf, and then put 
 him forv/ard again with all the gen- 
 tlenefs you can, till he finds his own 
 Fault, and underftands the Morion, 
 and at length he will become perfcd:, 
 and Amble ia your Hand to your Sa- 
 tisf-adtion. 
 
 And that you may accomplifh this 
 with more eafe to your felf and lefs 
 amazement to the Horfe, it will be 
 proper to give the fide Ropes more 
 length than ordinary at the firft Tra- 
 melling, that the Twitches may be 
 lefs fudden, and the Horfe may appre- 
 hend it the fooner, by the Motion 
 coming the more gently. 
 
 But when the Horfe has arrived to 
 any Perfeftnefs, then put the fide 
 Ropes to their true length ; becaufe 
 an Inch too long, is a. Foot too fiow 
 in the Pace; and an Inch too fliort 
 will caufe rolling, a twitching up the 
 Legs, and indeed a kind of plain hal- 
 ting. 
 
 V/hm 
 
A M 
 
 ( I?) 
 
 A M 
 
 ^ when to alter the Tram el'] When 
 \h.c Horfe, being thus traraeleci on 
 one fide, will Amble perfe6l!y in your 
 Hand, then change it to the other 
 fide, and caufe him to Amble in your 
 Hand as you did before. Go on thus, 
 changing from one lide to another, 
 till with this half Tramel, the Horfe 
 will run and Amble in your Hand, 
 readily and Aviftly, without fnapper- 
 ing or ftumbling. 
 
 When the Horle has attained to 
 this, which he will by two or three 
 hours labour, if he be any thing tra- 
 ctable, then put on tlie v/hole Tra- 
 mel, v/ith the broad, flat, Back-ba'.id, 
 and tramel both fides equally, and 
 then run Kim divers times in your 
 Hand, at the utmoft length of the 
 Bridle, up and dov/n the Road ; then 
 paufe, cherifh, and go to it again; 
 aivd ply him thus till you have brought 
 him to be io perfecfi, that he will 
 Amble readily, truly, and fwiftly, at 
 v/Iiat time, in what place, and after 
 what manner you pleafe. 
 
 Then praftile him upon uneven 
 and uncertain ways, as up-hill and 
 down-hill, where there are clots and 
 roughnefifes, and hollownelfes and falfe 
 treading. 
 
 To mount his Back.'] When you 
 have prafitiied him upon all tht^fe, in 
 your Hand, till he is become pcrfeft, 
 you may venture to naount his Back, 
 which if you pieafe, may firfl: be done 
 by a Bov or a Groom, and make the 
 Horfe Amble under him, at the farhe 
 time flaying his Head to prevent dan- 
 ger, and to fee hov/ he ftiikes. 
 
 When you have try'd him thus, 
 you may mount him your (elf, and 
 increale his Pace more and more, 
 xvith all the gentlenefs and lenity you 
 can, till you have brought him to 
 Perfe6lion. 
 
 And do the fame on his Back that 
 was done by the Hand, fird: with the 
 whole Tramel, and then with the 
 ha'S Tramel i and alio change the 
 
 Trsmcl often, from one fide to ano- 
 ther, and then change the Grounds, 
 till you have brought him to your 
 Mind. Which is to be dene by daily 
 Excrcife, two or three times a Day, 
 or cfrener. 
 
 IVhch to ty,t"uel^ V-^hen the Horfe 
 is accompliflj'd thus as to the exa(2:- 
 ncfs of his flroke, the nimblere fs of 
 his Limbs, and the good carriage ot 
 his Head and Body, then you may 
 leave ctt the ufe of the Tramel, and 
 pra<fiiie him without it. But this is 
 bcft to be on the Fligh-Way, and not 
 in a . private fmooth Road, becaufe 
 that affords but a couzening Pace, 
 which is quitted upon every little 
 wearinefs; therefore it is beft to take 
 the High- Way for ;, 4 or j Miles in 
 a Morning, as you "find his aprnefs or 
 ability. 
 
 If in travelling thus, you find him 
 inclinable to forfake his Pace, either 
 through wearinefs, ignorance or pee- 
 vifli)^eis, then you fhould carry a half 
 Tramel in your Pocket, and alight 
 and put it on, and fo exercife him, 
 giving him eafe now and then, bring- 
 ing him home in his true Pace. 
 
 Thus you fhouid exercife him dai- 
 ly, every day encreafing it more and 
 more, till from one Mile he is brought 
 to many, which when you have done, 
 you may give him eafe, and let him 
 reft a day or two more, and then 
 put him to it again, and when yoa 
 find nei'her Errour nor Alteration in 
 him, you may take it for granted 
 your work is compleated. 
 
 But whereas fome Horfes are fan- 
 taftick, you will fometimes perceive 
 fome alteration in the Motion of his 
 Pace, then reform it with the hand, 
 and if that dees not do, make ufe of 
 the half Tramel, and that will not fail 
 to reform him. 
 
 You are to take notice of this, that 
 
 in teaching a Horfe to Arhble, you 
 
 are not prohibited the ufe of any help 
 
 whatibcver, whicla belongs to Horfe- 
 
 G ' maiifhip^ 
 
A M 
 
 ( i8) 
 
 A M 
 
 rhanrnip, as Bit, Cavezon, Chain, 
 Headflrain, Martingal, Mufroul, or a- 
 ny other neccflary Inll:rument ; be- 
 cauft this Motion is not drawn from 
 the Mouth but the Limbs. 
 
 Sir William Hope lays, that there 
 are many Horfes, that can do nothing 
 but Trot, yet Vv'hen they are preft in 
 the Manage will make a fhuftling 
 Amble, or Amble per fedily, which is 
 the worll Adion tor the Manage that 
 jJolTibly can be : to prevent thisj he 
 fiys there is nothing better than to 
 pull the Horl<^'s Head into the turn 
 as much as poffibly can be, and to 
 ride him alfo upon very narrow Cir- 
 cles, which will prevent him from 
 Ambling. And alio to give him the 
 Spurs foundly w^hen he Ambles, will 
 help to put him from it. 
 
 Altho' Ibme ftrcng Hor{es do Am- 
 ble, when they are preft in the Ma- 
 nage, yet for the mcft part, thofe Hor- 
 fes that either by Nature, or becauie 
 they are almoft wearied, are inclined 
 to Arrible in the Manage, are weak 
 Hories. 
 
 If a Horie does not Amble, but 
 Only wrangle in his going between a 
 falfe Trot and a falfe Gallop, you may 
 help it, by pulling the inward Rein ot 
 the Cavezon very hard with the hand, 
 or by tying it ftrait by the Pummel, 
 to put out his Crupper very much 
 upon large Circles, and efpecially, it 
 at the fame time, you give him the 
 Spur, within the turn, or both Spurs 
 if need be ; and this with good and 
 frequent flops will infalliby make him 
 trot right, and go juft, both upon his 
 Trot and Gallop, as he fhould do. 
 AMBURY or ANBURY, or 
 AUBURY. 
 Atsibury or Anbury, or Aubury, is 
 a bloody Wart on any part of the 
 Horfe's Body. The Cure is, to fear 
 it plain to the Body with an hot Iron ; 
 then to anoint the Sore till it be 
 whole, with the Juice of Plantain 
 mixt with Vinegar, Honey, and the 
 Powder of Ailum, 
 
 Some fay, it grows chiefly about 
 the Eye-brows,Noi1:rils or Privy-Parts, 
 and has a Root like a Cock's Stone. 
 
 The Method us'd by fome If, to 
 tie it about v/ith a thread or hair as 
 hard as it can be pulled,and the thread 
 or hair will eat it away by little and 
 little, fo that in 7 or 8 days it will 
 fall off of it fclf Some tie the Wart 
 with Horie-hair rather than with 
 thread, and that is a great deal bet- 
 ter, and will wear it off Ibcner and 
 fafter. But if it be fo flat, that no- 
 thing can be tied about it, then you 
 may take it away with a fl'iarp, hot 
 Iron, cutting it round about, and fo 
 deep as not to leave any of the Root 
 behind, and afterwards to dry it up 
 with the Powder of Verdegreafc. Or 
 thus, 
 
 * Take a very fl:arp hot Ironj take 
 ' theAmbury in your hand, and fear 
 ' it ou'to the bottom. Then mix a 
 
 * little Verdegreafe and Train Oil to- 
 
 * getherj heat them, and anoint the 
 
 * place once a day, till it be whole. 
 
 But if it grows in fuch a finewy 
 place, that it cannot be conveniently 
 cut away with a hot Iron, then it 
 may be proper to eat out the Core 
 with the Powder of Refalgar or Mer- 
 cury, and afterwards to ftop the hole 
 with Flax, dipt in the White of an 
 Egg for a day or two. And laft of 
 all to dry it up with the Powder ot 
 unflaked Lime, and Honev. 
 
 AMMONIACUM.^ 
 
 Am7?ioniacum, the beft fort is that 
 which is of a yellowifh Colour, free 
 from drofs and whitenefs in the mid- 
 dle. It is very opening and attenua- 
 ting, loofeneth and diflblveth Hu- 
 mours, and is good for all diforders 
 of the Lungs. Balls is the propereft 
 Form for it to be given in. And it 
 is alfo a good Ingredient in Plaifter. 
 AMNION. 
 
 Amnion is the innermoft Mem- 
 brane, with which the loetus in the 
 Womb is moft immediately covered ; 
 
A N 
 
 ( 19) 
 
 A N 
 
 and with which the reft of the Se- 
 cundines^ the Chorion and AlLrntois 
 are ejedled, atier liirth. It is very 
 thin, fmoorh and dear, and in it is 
 contained tiiat Matter, out of which 
 the Young i.^ firft formed, and by 
 which ir is afterwards nouriihed, e- 
 ven while tlie Conception is under 
 the form of an Egg : but that by 
 which the Youni/ is nouriihed, and 
 its Parts increaied, difrils into this 
 Membrane immediately out of the 
 Chorion, or outmoft Membrane for 
 the firft Months till the Navel-ftring 
 is perfctSled, and that there grows a 
 new Membrane betwixt thefe two 
 that contains a peculiar fort of Li- 
 quor. 
 
 But the Juice contained ir, tht Am- 
 nion from firft to laft (except that 
 out of which the Embryo is form'd) 
 is Chyle, which at firft comes from 
 the Choriofi, and is afterwards re- 
 ceived by the um.bilical Veins of the 
 Toetus, and difperled by the Arteries 
 for its Nouriftjment. 
 
 AMPUTATION. 
 
 Amputation is the cutting off' any 
 Limb or Part of the Body. 
 AMULET. 
 An Amulet is any thing that is 
 hung about the Neck, or any part of 
 the Body ; fuppos'd to be a Charm 
 againft Witchcraft or Difeafes. 
 ANA. 
 A.na in PhyficalPrefcriptions, figni- 
 fies equal Quantities of any thi-og. 
 ANACATHARTICK. 
 Anacathartick is what works up- 
 wards. 
 
 ANALEPTICKS. 
 
 Anahptichs are fuch Medicines as 
 cherifti the Nerves, and renew and in- 
 vigorate the Spirits. 
 
 ANAPLEROTICKS. 
 
 Anaplerotichs are fuch Medicines 
 as incarnate and fill up Ulcers, and 
 Wounds, with new Flefti^ 
 
 ANARRHOEA. 
 
 Anarrhce^t. is a Ipecies of Fluxion 
 oppofite to a Catarrh, when humours 
 regurgitate upwards. 
 
 ANASARCA. 
 
 Anafarca is a fort of Dropfy, 
 where the whole fubftance is ftuffed 
 with pituitous humours, and when 
 there is a more than ordinary humi- 
 dity and moifture under the Skin. 
 ANASTOMASIS. 
 
 A.n(tftomaJis is where the Arteries 
 open into the Veins: for the Veins 
 are only returns of the arterial Pipes, 
 or Arteries reveried, to bring back 
 the refluent Blood trom the Surface. 
 And fjmetimes it expreftes fuch an 
 Aperture of the Mouths of Veirels,as 
 lets out what they contain. 
 
 ANEURISM A. 
 Anenrifma is the Dilatation of an 
 Artery, which continually beats eafi- 
 ly receding to the touch, but filling 
 again, cauled by a Rupture of the ex- 
 ternal or outward Coat. 
 
 ANGELICA. 
 
 The Root of Angelica is ieldom" 
 us'd alone, but is a very good Ingre- 
 dient in feveral Compofitions. The 
 chief of its Virtues confifts in expel- 
 ling wind. 
 
 ANGINA. 
 
 Angina is fuch an Inflammation o£ 
 tlie Jaws or Throat as renders fwal- 
 lowing and breathing very difficult 
 and troublefbme. 
 
 ANIMAL SPIRITS. 
 
 The Animd Spirits are firft of all 
 form'd out of the Vital, or out of the 
 arterial Blood, which is conftantly 
 fent by the Heart to the Brain, where 
 there are innumerable Twigs of Ar- 
 teries difperfed, not only thro' the 
 cortical, but alio through the medul- 
 lary fubftance of it ; fome of thefe 
 Twigs fpring from the Plexus Cho' 
 roides tind Rete mirabile, and others 
 immediately from the Carotidcs them- 
 felves. 
 
 9. \ Thj 
 
AN C 20 ) 
 
 The fuperflucus Sentm is feparated 
 by the Giands, and that Portion of 
 the Biood that is not chancred into 
 animal Spirits, is taken up by the 
 Veins, and returned back again from 
 whence it came. 
 
 As fbon as thofe Spirits have been 
 elaborated, /. e. as ibon as the Blood 
 
 A N 
 
 has i.ndergone (o many diifeicrr Mo- 
 difications or Chanjires in the Capilla- 
 ry, or hair like Vefieb of the Brain, 
 fo as to render the Panicles of ir, 
 fine enough to pafs through the inner 
 medullar lubftance, they then enter 
 thofe Fibres which compofe it, and 
 feem to be nothing elk but a large 
 bundle of little P'prs, which pafs 
 from the external glandular Par: to the 
 CartmcuU Papi Hares. 
 
 Thcfelitrle Pariicles, or rather Spi- 
 rits are convey *d by thofe Pipes to the 
 uppc^r Pioceiles of the MedulU Oblon- 
 gata, that is to fay, the Corpora 
 Striata, the Nates, Tej^es, &c. and 
 are there emptied into the Nerves, 
 the inner fubftance of which is whire 
 and fibrous like the MeuulU from 
 whence they fpring. See Braiyj. 
 
 As to their Ufc, and how they be- 
 come Infiniments of Senfe and Mo- 
 tion, you mul'i conlider the fubflance 
 of a Nerve. See Nerves in Lefer N. 
 
 Now as to Motion to which the 
 Nerves are ec^ually fubfervient^ (vv'hich 
 fome terra voluntary in a Man, and 
 fpontaneous in a B^ute Animal, as 
 the one is faid to a6l by the deter- 
 mination of the Will^ 3nd the other 
 byinftinft; which diilin^rion feems 
 not to be very materia], lince boih 
 are faid to be produc'd by the deter- 
 minAtion of the animal Spirits) when 
 any living Creature gees to move, the 
 Spirits are fuppof:;d to le detach'd 
 into thole Parts that are put in mo- 
 tion, in a more than ordinary quan- 
 tity. 
 
 And as the arterial Blood does al- 
 "ivays accompany the Spirits, and is 
 equally determined with them, she 
 
 Mufcles are thereby fi.'ed or cmptiec?^ 
 according either as the IV ill or la- 
 fiincl direfts. 
 
 As to the Nature of thofe Spirits 
 that flow in 'he Nerves, and are ac- 
 coui^ted the rrtncipal caufe of Atfl'ion 
 in them, iome Perfons are of Opi- 
 nion, that they are of a vifcous and 
 clammy Nature, tho' comrofed of 
 very fine Particles. And this fort of 
 Coinpofition they think to be agree- 
 ab.e to that Elaflicity and Springi- 
 nds that is obiervable in the Nerves. 
 
 Others again deny, that there is 
 any liich thing as a Juice in the 
 Nerves \ becaufe when a Nerve is cue 
 afunder, there is no bore or cavity 
 to be perceived in it. But accorc-'ing 
 to the common and unalrera' le Laws 
 of Nature, all Baiies rhat are made 
 up of Parts, and thcle Parts made up 
 of other Parts, muO have Interftices, 
 altho' they may not be perceivable; 
 and altho' that Juice that flows in 
 them, whether between thefe Inter- 
 lliccs oniy, or any other way, be im- 
 perce'vable. that is it which is im- 
 properly called Animal Spirits. 
 
 In fnort the moll that can be faid 
 is this; that the Animal Spirit is the 
 moft fubti'e of all the Juices that are 
 found in an Animal Body, and there- 
 fore the bcfl fuited to the fer vices for 
 which it is appointed. 
 
 ANIMAL SECRETION. 
 
 Animal Secretion is that Separation 
 of Juices, which is performed by the 
 Glands. 
 
 ANIMALCULA. 
 
 AnimaliuU is ufed to exprefs thofe 
 fmall Creamrcs, which cannot be dif- 
 cern'd by the naked Eye, and which 
 are to be difcovered in many fluids 
 by the aHlftance o^ proper Glafles. 
 A N N I S E E D.- 
 
 Anrifeeds are us'd chiefly to com- 
 fort the Bowels and expel wind, and 
 are alfo given as- Correctors in purg- 
 ing Medicines. 
 
A N 
 
 (21 ) 
 
 A N 
 
 The compound Vo-^vJey of A mifeeds 
 call' J Dia-iifum. 
 
 Thi*^ Powder is accounted, a Cor- 
 dia', a Pc6lo;a!, and an Expelicr of 
 wind, and will be pr''>fi:ably ^^iven ro 
 Holies in all caCes arifmg from wind 
 and flatu '^ncy in the Bowels i and 
 being cnJow'd with thefe Properties, 
 muft neceflarilv be of extraordinary 
 {ervice to Horfe?, that are coniarap- 
 tive, purfive, or broken winded. 
 
 It ^s a fb good in all rod and hea- 
 vy Difpolitions, in that it wa-ms and 
 invigorates the Blood, and renders the 
 Spirits more h'v'e'y and a(9:ive It is 
 good in Co.'ds and Surfeits, and in 
 man'/ o'her Cafes, and the Dofe may 
 be from an Ounce ro two Ounces. 
 
 The Compofinon is as follows: 
 
 * Take o'i Anni feeds tv/o Ounces; 
 
 * Majlic'z and L:q'.orice of each an 
 
 * Ounce; Carrarpays:ind Fsnnel Scedsy 
 
 * of each f Drams; o? daemon, Ga- 
 
 * ivgal, Gi'iger and Mace, of each 
 
 * 5" Diams, long -white and ilnck Pep- 
 ' per-B:irk, dihinint^ C^JJi ., and 
 
 * Pellitory of ^p.iin, or c9ch i Drams; 
 
 * the greater CardH'noms, Cloves, 
 
 * Ciihebs, Scijfron and Spi'^enard^ of 
 « each one Dram, mixand make them 
 « into Powder. Or, 
 
 * Take Aunifeeds, the Seeds oF 
 
 * Carrarvay zr\<^ fweet Fennel, o''each 
 
 * a D-am; Cajior, C'mamony Cloves t 
 
 * Saff'on and N«f ;«^^, of each a Scru- 
 
 * pie; and make them into Powder 
 
 * for one Dofe. Or, 
 
 * Take Annifeeds, Bayb'vr'ies and 
 « Coriandsr, of each half a D-am; 
 
 * Cloves, Ginger, Mace and Nutmegs, 
 
 * of each a Dram ; of F;Owe's of 
 
 * Corn Poppies a Dram and a h^ilf. 
 
 * Mix and mike them into Powder 
 « for one Dof-. 
 
 The{e two lad may be mide in 
 any Country Town upon the Road, 
 and may be adminiftred in warm Ale, 
 or a Pint of white Wine, upon threat- 
 nings of a Colick after drinking cold 
 Water, or when a Horfc has been fet 
 
 up in a warm Stable without rub-* 
 bing; or any luch Accident or Ne- 
 gled. 
 
 Oil cf Annifeeds. 
 Oil of Annifeeds is a moft excel- 
 lent Peroral, and extraordinary gv-iod 
 in all Diforders of the Stomach whic h 
 proceed from wind. 
 
 ANODYNE. 
 An Anodyne h 2l Medicine that ai- 
 fwages P.iin. 
 
 A N O D Y N U M. 
 The Ointment Anodynum 's ufeful 
 in aiT^aging Tumors and TnBamma- 
 tion-, ard ea.ei Pains in any pirc of 
 the Body. 
 
 A N O R E X Y. 
 A-iorexy is an Inappetency or loath- 
 ing of Food. 
 
 ANTEPILEPTICKS. 
 Antepdepticks are Medicines againft 
 Convuliions 
 
 ANTHELMINTICKS. 
 A^helminticks are Medicines for 
 deflroying Worms. 
 
 St. ANTHONY'S FIRE. 
 St. Aathoufs Fire, is a vehement 
 Burning and Inflammation of the 
 FleOi, being of the nature of /'•^//J- 
 fire, and fometimes is very hard and 
 difficult to cure, v/here it is attended 
 with an ill habit of Body. 
 Things good in general for a St. An- 
 thony's Fire. 
 ' The juice of the green Leaves 
 
 * G? Gzrdsn Nigh-fiade, mixed with 
 
 * Bailey-Meal, is good for this and 
 ' all hot Inflammations. 
 
 ' The juice of Houfdeek tempered 
 
 * with white Lead. 
 
 * Alluin put to the Juice of white 
 
 * Beets,\\\Q Roots of' Cincjtiefo'd boiled 
 ' in Vinegar, the diftili'd Water of 
 
 * Colts-foot with Elder Flowers and 
 
 * Nsght'fhade, and applied. 
 
 ' Crab's-eUxps, the juice of JV-ill- 
 
 * penny-vpQTth, \yith the Leai'es and 
 
 * Flowers of Fecitherfe^a, are not on- 
 ly good for that, but all hot Inflam- 
 
 mations or Swellings. 
 
 9% 
 
 Ths 
 
A N 
 
 ( 22) 
 
 A N 
 
 « The Roots of Buglofs mLx'd with 
 ? Sdlet Oil and Barley-meal^ Water 
 
 * Sengreen or Frejlj - w^/er Soldier, 
 *■ Bucks-meat, the Leaves of the 
 
 * Goofeberry Bufh , or Hawk-vpeed 
 
 * bruiled, and applied with Salt. 
 
 ' The Juice of Kiciney--iyGrt, takes 
 
 * away all outward Heat and Inflam- 
 
 * mations. 
 
 * The Juice o^ Mallows oxMarflj- 
 *■ mallows, boiled in Sallet Oil, and ap- 
 
 * plied, is very good. 
 
 * The green Heads of Garden Vop- 
 
 * pies, hruiied and made into a Poul- 
 
 * tice with Barley-meal and Hog's- 
 
 * greale. and Vinegar. 
 
 * Garden Rue, made into an Oint- 
 
 * ment with Oil of Rofe?, Cerus, and 
 ^ a little Vinegar, is excellent good. 
 
 ' The Juice of Succory Leaves 
 
 * bruifed, alfo the Juice of Fr^rjlain, 
 
 * alfo an Ointment made of Woadi 
 
 * and ^11 Coolers and Repellents. 
 ANTiCOR, ANTICOW or 
 
 ANTOCOW. 
 
 Defcriptiot?.'] Aniicory Anticoto or 
 Antocofv (or Avant Cxur ) fome 
 iay, is a preternatural Swelling of a 
 round Figure, almof^ as big as the 
 half of one's Fift, which is occafioned 
 by a fanguine and bilious humour, 
 appearing in a Horfc's Bread, oppofite 
 to his Heart. An Anticor may kill 
 an Horfc, unleis it be brought to a 
 Suppuration by good Remedies. But 
 an Anticor upon an Engliflj Horle is 
 not dangerous, for the Swelling lef- 
 fens upon the Suppuration, which is 
 a good Sign. See Grafs. 
 
 A certain Author fays. That moft 
 Authors have been miftaken as to this 
 Diieafe; the generality of them attri- 
 buting it to the Heart ; and it is by 
 Solleyfell calPd a Swelling of the Ve- 
 ricardium, or Purfe of the Heart; 
 whereas it is an Inflammation in the 
 Gullet and Throat, and the very fame 
 that in Human Bodies is call'd the 
 Angina, 
 
 Caufe. ] This Dieale, fbme fay, 
 proceeds from too rank feeding, and 
 much fatnefs. 
 
 It proceeds from the fame Cau- 
 fes, which bring en a great many 
 Difeafes on HorSs, that is, hard ri- 
 ding, expcfing the Horfe to the Cold, 
 and letting him drink cold Water, 
 when he is hot. And from sny thing 
 elfe, whic!) mav caule a fudden Stag- 
 nation of the Blood. 
 
 The Signs of />.] The Signs of an 
 Anticor are all thole which do ac- 
 company a Fever- for while it is in- 
 ternal, it is always attended with a 
 Fever; but when it fliows it fel^ 
 outwardly, the Fever begins to abate, 
 except it continues to be both exter- 
 nal and internal. 
 
 There is alfo a faltering in the 
 fore Legs, a difability to bow down 
 his Neck, and a trembling all over 
 the Body. 
 
 Likewiie whiie the Inflammation 
 continues in the Gullet, the Horle 
 forbears eating, and tho' he frequent- 
 ly has an Inclination to drink, alcho' 
 the Waier be made moderately warm, 
 the firll Gulp will deter him from 
 attempting to drink again, until he 
 has forgotten the Pain and Agony, 
 which that put him to. 
 
 And the Pain of the Gullet is flill 
 more manifefl: from this,that helbg- 
 gers, and leems as if he would fall 
 down, whenever a Drench is given 
 him ; and alfo he gives feveral fliort 
 interrupted Groans, or rather Grun- 
 tings, and fometimes breaks out into 
 a cold damp Sweat about his Ears. 
 
 The Cure is, to let the Horle 
 Blood, and to give him two Spoon- 
 fuls of Diapente, in a Quart of Ale 
 and Beer for two Mornings together; 
 for that alone putteth away all Infe- 
 dion from the Heart. 
 
 Others advife, Firfi: to begin with 
 bleeding, and not to d.o it very fpa- 
 ringly, becaufe Horfes that are poor 
 
 and low. 
 
 are feldom affected with 
 
 thi: 
 
A N 
 
 (23) 
 
 A N 
 
 this Difeafe. And in this cafe it is 
 approv'd, to ftrike one or other of 
 the Veins on the hind Parts to make 
 a Revullion. 
 
 After the Horfe has been b'ooded 
 as bciore, he may have the folio v/ing 
 Gljfler : 
 
 * Boil two handfuls of Barley, and 
 
 * 2 Ounces of Sal V»lychrefl, reduc'd 
 
 * to a fine Powder in 2 Quarts oF 
 ' Water for a quarter of an hour, 
 
 * then add to the Dccoftion a quar- 
 ' ter of a Pound of frefh Barter, and 
 
 * a Pint of Urine, and 2 Ounces of 
 ' Oil of Rue. Give this blood warm 
 
 * twice a day. or oftener. 
 
 If the Hciie takes to food, you 
 muft not give him any thing but 
 moiftened Hay or fcalded Branj or 
 whatfbcver elfe you give him, muft 
 chiefly be fuch things, which are 
 proper to abate Heat, Inflammation, 
 and feverifh Symptoms ; and for that 
 purpofe, after he has been blooded, 
 give him fuch Remedies as are proper 
 to promote Sweat j as the following 
 Drench : 
 
 * Diflblve 2 Ounces of old Veyiice 
 
 * Treacle, in a Pint of Treacle Water, 
 
 * and as much Cardutis Water, [or 
 ' inftead of the Carduui Water and 
 
 * Treacle Water, you may ufe a Pint 
 
 * of ftaleBeer mix'd with fmall Beer] 
 
 * give him either of thefc, and cloth 
 
 * him warm, and give him warm 
 ' Water to drink.' Nothing is fo ef- 
 fectual to remove Inflammations, as 
 fweating, efpecially after blooding; 
 and therefore if it be difficult to pro- 
 mote Sweat, give him the followins: 
 Ball: 
 
 * Take 2 Ounces of old Venice 
 
 * Treacle, 15- Grains of Volatile Salt 
 
 * o£ Hart's- Horn, 6 Grains of Cam- 
 
 * phire in Powder, and one Dram of 
 
 * Matthewi's Pil], and make it into 
 ' a Pafte with Powder of Liquorifh 
 
 * or Sajpifras, give the Horie this, 
 
 * after the Operation of the Clyfter is 
 "= over/ 
 
 If you find the Symptoms begin 
 to abate, you may give him a gentle 
 Purge i the Countefs of V/armck's 
 Powder, othcrwile cali'd, Puhis Cor- 
 nach'tni, is the beil Purge of all, for 
 this ufe. 
 
 This \5 prepared as follows : ' Take 
 
 * 4 Ounces of Scammcny, prepar'd 
 
 * with the Fumes of Brrmjlone, two 
 
 * Ounces of Diaphoretich Antimonyy 
 ' and 2 Ounces of Cream of Tartar, 
 « rec'ure thefe to a fine Pov/dcr ; 
 ' make 2 Ounces of this up into a 
 ' Ball with Butter and Flower, and 
 ' give it with the umal Precautions.' 
 
 This Medicine does not only mo- 
 derarely purge the Belly, but keeps 
 the Pores open, and carries off a 
 great deal by Swear, and infenfible 
 Tranfpiration. 
 
 If the Swelling appears outwardly, 
 and the other Symptoms abate at the 
 fame time, you may then forbear 
 purging, becaule that Evacuation is 
 chiefly defign'd to difperfe the in- 
 ward diibrder ^ and then you fhouid 
 only apply Cataplafms and Poultices; 
 but at the fame time put Sal-prunel- 
 U, Salt-petre or Sal lolychrefiitm in- 
 to his Vv^'ater. 
 
 A preper Cataplafm may be com- 
 pounded of the Ingredients follow- 
 ing: 
 
 * Take of Ca7nomile and Melilot^ 
 
 * or their Flowers, of each 8 hand- 
 < fuls, and of Linfeed, and Fenugreek 
 
 * Seed?, of each 4 Ounces : Boil them 
 ' till moft of the Moifture has eva- 
 
 * porated, then pafs them through a 
 
 * Sieve, and add a quantity of Cow- 
 
 * Dung equal to the other Ingre- 
 
 * dients, and alfo as much Beef or 
 « Mutton Suet, as will be iufficient 
 ' to keep it moift. Apply this pret- 
 ' ty warm twice a day.' 
 
 Or inftead of this Poultice: ' Coro- 
 
 * Dungy with a fufficient quantity of 
 
 * Suet, or Ointment of Marfb-maU 
 \ lowi apply'd warm to the Part, may 
 
 Q ^ [ perhaps 
 
AN ( 24 ) 
 
 ' perhaps be efFeclrua] to bring the 
 ' Swelling to a due ripenefs. 
 
 When } ou perceive that it grows 
 fbfr, and the matter fcems ready for 
 a difcharge, you may open it by ap- 
 plying a hot Iron to rhe dependent 
 lowernioft Part, and then pur a Doi- 
 fil into the Mouth of the Wound, 
 and keep it in till the running abate5, 
 and apply Comprefles and proper 
 Bandage, to keep the elevated Skin 
 dole to the Flefli that lies under it, 
 that it may unite the fooner j but it 
 the Cavity of the ImpoRumation be 
 I arge, it may be proper to lay it open 
 with a hot Knife an Inch or more; 
 or with a cold Inftrument, or a pair 
 of Sciflbrs, if you would avoid a 
 Scar. 
 
 You may finifh the Cure by apply- 
 ing only the Ungaentum Bafiikum, 
 or a digeflive made with T^^r^entir.e, 
 the Tolks of Eggs, or Honey, mixt 
 with a little Brandy, or Sprit of 
 Wine. And if there does appear any 
 foulnefs, or if the Wound heal too 
 faft, or if ipungy Flefli happens to 
 rife, then you may apply Pledgets 
 dipt in Copperas Water, or a Solu- 
 tion of bi-c Vitriol, and that will 
 keep it frnooth and even. 
 ■ But if, as it does often happen, the 
 Swelling fhould incrcafe very fa{t,and 
 there does not appear any tendency 
 to Digellionj but it arifcs up towards 
 the Neck, and afFedls all the Mufcles 
 in thofe Fans ; there is then danger 
 that the Horfe will be fufPocated, and 
 will foon be ftrangled, if he lias not 
 ipeedy Relief. 
 
 In fuch cafe, if the Horfe be not 
 too much worn out, it will be con- 
 venient, belidcs repeated blooding, to 
 apply a hot fearing Iron to 5- or 6 
 places on the lower part of the Swel- 
 ling, and fo to cauterize thofe Parts, 
 that they may fpeediiv be brought to 
 Matter ; and they may Be drefs'd with 
 F kx and fine Hurds, dipt in Tar and 
 
 A N 
 
 Turpentine mixt before the Fire, ap- 
 plying them warm. 
 
 TheDefign of thisOperation i?,to 
 caufe the Humours to flow do.vn- 
 wards from the Swelling, by giving 
 Pain in thofe dependent and inferiour 
 Parts; and the Pain will be antici- 
 pated by making the Vents to dif- 
 charge the HuvTiOurs, for that will 
 diminifh the exceflivc violence of the 
 Pain ; which is alio an extreme to be 
 avoided. 
 
 And altho' a Swelling may perhaps 
 cafually happen in the fore Legs, or 
 Limbs, by cauteriling, yet you need 
 not be in any fear ; for that cannot 
 be of fuch ill coniequcnce, as when 
 it is upon the Neck and Throat; nor 
 will it continue long, if the llTues 
 are but dueiy taken care of 
 
 Monf lie Solleyfell advifes, to make 
 fmall Incifions in 8 or 10 places oi: 
 the Swelling with the Fleam or Lan-. 
 cet, and to thrufl: in pieces of black 
 Helhbore, about as big as the tag of 
 a point, into the holes between the 
 Skin and the Flefn. And if the Tu- 
 mour be large, to ufe white Hellebore, 
 and at the fame time to chafe the 
 Part with the Ointments of Agrippa 
 and hiar(lj-Mdlo-X!s. Thele Roots by 
 their hot burning quantity, will draw 
 down and increafe the Sv/e!iing, and 
 the Ointm.ents will ripen the incioled 
 Matter, and prepare it for a Dis- 
 charge. 
 
 He alfb adviles to make ufe o? Re- 
 toires or Rupt cries, to draw an im- 
 raediat^e Flux or Moiflu;e from the 
 difeafed Part. 
 
 Theie Ointments are of the fame 
 nature, with thofe which are made 
 to drav/ Blifters on Human Bodies, 
 and are compounded of like Ingre- 
 dieiits; which, becaufe they be made 
 ule of with more fafety, and are as 
 effcdtual as thofe that are more com- 
 pounded^ take as follows; 
 
 ' Take 
 
AN ( 2; ) 
 
 « Take 4 Ounces of Bafilicumy 
 ^ half an Ounce of Black-pepper, half 
 
 * an Ounce oF Ginger, and 2 Drams 
 
 * of Spanij7j flies. Beat the Fepper, 
 < Ginger and K/Vi into a fine Pow- 
 
 * der,then incorporate them with the 
 
 * Bafilicum. 
 
 ' Or, take a quarter of a Pound ot 
 
 * BaJiUcwTi, an Ounce of Red Frec't- 
 
 * pimte powdered, of Etiphorbtum 
 
 * lia!f an Ounce, and of SpanifJi- flies 
 
 * 2 Drams.' Or elle this which fol- 
 ]oivs, v/hich is more efficacious than 
 borh the preceding. 
 
 ' Take 4 Ounces of Oil of Bsiys, 
 
 * Buphorbiur/i in Powder 2 Ounce-^, 
 
 * of Spiinlfl} flies half an Ounce, fpread 
 
 * them by a little at a time on the 
 ^ Part affected, and dry them in with 
 
 * a hot Iron Bar. This you may re- 
 
 * peat as often as there fhall be occa- 
 
 * fion, and elpecially until they have 
 
 * drawn a good deal of reddifli Wa- 
 
 * ter 5 but in ibme parts they muft be 
 
 * us'd more fparingly.' 
 jl particular Receipt for the Anticor. 
 
 A N 
 
 After the Swelling has begun to 
 
 * appear, and a good quantity of Blood 
 
 * has been taken away on both fides 
 
 * of the Horie's Neck, give him the 
 
 * Drink of Diapente (lee Letter D) 
 
 * with Beer or Ale, with half an 
 
 * Ounce of London Treacle, and an 
 
 * Ounce of brown Sugar Candy, and 
 
 * it will drive the Sickncfs and Grief 
 
 * from his Heart j and afterv/ards a- 
 
 * noint the Swelling with the follow- 
 
 * ing Ointment; 
 
 * Take Bafdicon, Boar's and Hog's- 
 
 * greafe, of each 6 Ounces j incorpo- 
 
 * rare them weil together, and anoint 
 
 * the Swelling with it every day, rub- 
 
 * bing it, tili it become fofti then 
 
 * open it, and difcharge the Corrup- 
 
 * tion, and afterwards v/afh the Sore 
 
 * vf'nhCopperas Water, (See Copperas) 
 
 * and taint it with the Green Oint- 
 
 * men I, (See Green Ointment) and it 
 1 v/ill foon be whole. £. R. 
 
 ANTIMONY. 
 
 ui/itimony is a Metalline Subdance, 
 made up and compacted together, 
 like long fl^ining Needics. Its Metal- 
 line Parts approach fbmewhat to the 
 Nature of Lead ; but its Medicinal 
 Virtues proceed from its Sulphureous 
 Parts. It is more ufed in Phyiick of 
 Holies, than any other Metal what- 
 foever. The bell comes from Tran- 
 fjivania and Himgaria. It is an ex- 
 cellent Ingredient to put in Horfes 
 Provender, to clcanle and purify the 
 Biood, and to free the Body from 
 Colds and other Diflempers. The 
 manner of ufing it, is to beat it ve- 
 ry fmall, fift it fine, and ftrcw a quar- 
 ter of an Ounce Morning and Eve- 
 ning in a quarter of a Peck of Oats, 
 firfl: wetted with Ale or Beer. It is 
 fold by Druggifts. 
 
 Antimony reduc'd into a very fine 
 Powder, may be given in Subllance 
 to Hor/es, either in their Corn or \x\ 
 Balls. The beft way of reducing it 
 to Powder, may be to grind it on a 
 Marble Stone with a Muller^ for be- 
 ing {b prepar'd, a greater quantity of 
 it will enter into the Mafs of Blood ; 
 whereas when it is given in a coarfe 
 Powder, the greateft part of it, goes 
 no farther than the firft Pafiages. This 
 is apparent in the colour of the Dung, 
 which if it were ri^^htly prepar'd, 
 would not be near fo black, as it for 
 the moft part is. Chymifts exprefs 
 it by this Charadrer $ . 
 
 Diaphoretick Anti/nony. 
 
 Is a good Alterative and Provoker 
 of Sweat, and thence it is cail'd a 
 Diaphoretick. It is alfo accounted 
 good in the jaundice, and in all Ob- 
 flru<51:ions of rhe Vifcera, and Ibme 
 reckon it a Deftroyer of Worms. It 
 is feldom given alone ; but with o- 
 ther Ingredients, and particularly in 
 the Fulvis Cornachini. The way ol 
 preparing it is as follows ; 
 
 « Po^nd 
 
A N 
 
 (26) 
 
 A NT 
 
 * Pound and mix g parts of Sah- 
 « petre with one ot Antimony, then 
 
 * put them, by a Spoonful at a time, 
 ' into a red hot Crucible, then into 
 ' an earthen Pan full of Water, to 
 ' diilolve the Salt petre ; after you 
 
 * have wafh'd it feveral times, till it 
 
 * is fine enough, then fufrer it to 
 ' fettle, and pour off the Liquor by 
 < Inclination. Having thus purified 
 
 * the Antimony^ ipread it on a brown 
 
 * Paper, and lay it upon a Chalk-done 
 
 * to dry. 
 
 Lher of Antimony. 
 
 * Take 6 Pounds of Crude Ami- 
 « mony grofly beaten, 4 Pounds of 
 
 * the fecond Solution of Salt-petre 
 ' (becau;e that which is too white 
 ' and fine, is too violent.) Let the 
 
 * Salt-petre be pounded very fine, 
 
 * then mix it with the Antimony in 
 
 * an Iron Pot, or Brafs Mortar, that 
 
 * will hold it £0 as to leave two third 
 
 * Parts of it empty j then with a 
 " h'ghted Match, or piece of Charcoal 
 
 * enkindle the Matter^ and as fbon as 
 
 * it has taken Fire, get a pretty way 
 
 * off from the Pot, that the Fumes 
 
 * of the Antimony may not annoy 
 
 * you. When the Matter is j^rown 
 
 * cold, turn up the Pot or j^.'lortar; 
 
 * for the Liver will lie at the bot- 
 
 * tom, under the remaining part ot 
 
 * the Sah-petre-^-wlrich. is joined with 
 ' the Impurities of the Antimony^ 
 
 * commonly call'd the ScoriA. The 
 
 * Li"jer fnines like Glafs, and if the 
 
 * Operation has been rightly per- 
 
 * form'd, is of a very dark brown 
 
 * Colour i but if it be of a pale yel- 
 
 * Icwifh Colour, it is burnt, and net 
 ' fit for Hoiie5. 
 
 The Liver of Antimony muft not 
 be waflfd, for that deprives it of a 
 great part of its Virtues. The Scoria 
 is proper for other ufec, elpecially for 
 Glyfters. 
 
 This will reftore lofl: Appetites, 
 kill Worms, promote the Cure of 
 
 Wounds of the Farcin and Mange ; 
 will purify the Blood, by removing 
 Obftrudtions, and opening the Para- 
 ges; it will help a Cough, and fhort- 
 nefs of Breath, and fatten tired and 
 wafl:ed Horfes. 
 
 * Two Ounces of this Liver of 
 ' Antimony reduc'd to a fine Powder, 
 * may be given to a Horfe once a 
 ' day, mixed with Oats or moiflen'd 
 ' Bran. 
 
 The Effea of this Remedy does 
 not appear by any fenfible Operation; 
 but adis by infenfble Tranfpiration, 
 and carries off the Impurities of the 
 Blood, thro' the Pores and Glands ot 
 the Skin. 
 
 The Effedls of this Medicine may- 
 be feen by infenfible Tranfpiration, 
 by any one that fhall be preient 
 while a Horfe is curried, that is un- 
 der a Courie of it : For that a great 
 quantity of Filth and Impurity, may 
 be perceived flicking to the Skin, 
 which has been that way expell'd by 
 the Antim.ony. 
 
 Golden Sulphur of Antimony. 
 
 This Medicine, fays Solleyfell, imi- 
 tates the other Preparations ofAntimo- 
 ny ift its Operations on the Body ot" a 
 Horfe, by infenlibleTranfpiration pu- 
 rifying the Blood, cooling the inward 
 Parts, loofening the Skin from the 
 Bones, expelling watery Humours, 
 opening and fcouring the Paflage^^ 
 refif^ing Putrefadion, and encrealing 
 the natural Heat : It is good for a 
 Farcin, Scab, Cough, and the begin- 
 ning oP Purfivenefs. And he zA^^^ 
 there are few Pvemedies for a Horfe 
 of equal Virtue. 
 
 This Medicine is made, by boiling 
 any quantity of the Scoris. of the Ke- 
 guliis of Antimony^ in 20 times its 
 weight of Water, and while it is 
 hot, running it thro' a fine flraining 
 Cloth, then add diflilled Vinegar to 
 it, which will C3uie a red Powder 
 to precipitate, and continue to drop 
 
 the 
 
A N 
 
 ( 27) 
 
 A N 
 
 the Vinegar, till the Liquor ceafes 
 to be muddy, and afterwards wafli 
 it, till it is without Tafce c Smell ; 
 then drain it in a CoHia of Paper, 
 and let it dry in an earthen Difli over 
 a gentle warmth. 
 
 Sollevfell directs to prepare it as 
 follows. : ' To boil any quantity ot 
 
 * the Scorid of Reguh'.i of Antimony, 
 
 * in a ilifficienr quantity of Water, 
 
 * keeping it ilirring from time to 
 
 * time, till part oF the ScorU is dif- 
 
 * folved; and a rer the Solution has 
 
 * ftcod to fettle, ro pour o^ the clear 
 
 * Liquor, or to filtrate it through 
 
 * brown Paper, referving the drained 
 
 * Solution, and to throw away the 
 f grofs Subfnnce that remains upon 
 
 * the Paper. And at the fame time, 
 
 * to boil a fifficient quantity o^Tar- 
 ' tar in Water, keeping it ftirring 
 « till it is diifolved (which will be a 
 ' confiderable time) then to put the 
 
 * firft Water into an earthen VefTel, 
 
 * and to pour the Solution oi Tartar 
 *^ upon it by degrees. Immediately 
 
 * after which is done, you will feel 
 
 * a ftroncr {linking Smell, and the Li- 
 
 * quors thus mixt will precipitate, 
 ' or let a brown Powder fall to the 
 
 * bottom. And this is the GoUenSul- 
 
 * phitr oi Antimony iZnd muftbedry'd 
 
 * on brown Paper, and preferved for 
 
 * ufe. 
 
 * The Dofe is from half an Ounce 
 
 * to an Ounce, mixed with a double 
 ^ quantity of fine Wheat-flour, or 
 
 * by infufing it all night into a Quart 
 
 * of Winei tho' he accounts the beft 
 
 * way of giving all Metalline Sub- 
 
 * ftances is in a Pafte, becaule they 
 
 * are apt to fubfide and fail to the 
 
 * bottom in any liquid form, and fo 
 
 * a Horfe can never have his Dole 
 
 * rightly proportioned. 
 
 * This is to be repeated once a day 
 
 * for ijf or 20 days; and will with- 
 ^ out any other Remedy, reftore a 
 
 * Horfe to his perfedl Health, by con- 
 
 * fuming and diipelling the Humours, 
 
 * which prevent "him from growing 
 
 * fat j and will remove the inconve- 
 ' nience of the lanknefs in the Flanks 
 ' of lean Horfes, that eat a great deal 
 « of Hay. 
 
 Cinnabar of Antimony. 
 
 This is a very powerful Altera' 
 five, which is owing to the Mercu- 
 rial Particles, the Operation of v/hich 
 may be better underftood, by confi- 
 denng the Operation of ^mckfilveri 
 which fee. ■* 
 
 Mr. Solley fell's way of preparing it, 
 is as follows : ' Take an Ounce of 
 
 * Cruile Antimony, fifteen Ounces of 
 ' ^aick/iher, five Ounces of com- 
 ' mon Bximftone ; mix them well 
 ' together in a well luted Bolt Head, 
 
 * in a naked Fire ; hot enough to 
 ' make the Bolt Head red hot, and 
 ^ then the Cinnabar will rife. This 
 
 * being fir ft reduc'd to a Powder, may 
 
 * be given in a Parte or Ball, frorn 
 
 * half an Ounce to an Ounce.' 
 
 There is another Cinnabar of An- 
 timony, v/hich arifes in the fame Pro- 
 cefs with the Butrer of Antimony^ 
 and operates m.ore powerfully than 
 the former, and may be given to ro- 
 burt ftrong Horfes, in the fame Dole. 
 And either of theie, will have the 
 fame effeft as the Liver and Golden 
 Sulphur of Antimony would have ; 
 efpecially if they are manag'd rightly, 
 into proper forms with other fuitable 
 Ingredients. 
 
 Butter of Antimony. 
 
 This is a Cauftick in its Operation, 
 and is very eife£lual in taking away 
 mortified dead Flefh, in putting a 
 flop to Mortifications, and being 
 mixed with other Ointments, is re- 
 commended to cleanle rotten foul 
 Ulcers, in doing which it is not in- 
 feriour to any other Medicine what- 
 foever. 
 
 It is made of equal parts of Ami - 
 mony and Mercury Sublimate, in a 
 coated Retort. The Butter will rife 
 firfl with the fecond degree of hear, 
 
 and 
 
A P 
 
 C 2S ) 
 
 A P 
 
 fen^ the Cmnabixr laH:, in the Neck 
 of the Retort, after it has had the 
 highcfl: degree of fire for 2 hours. 
 
 AORTA ASCENDENS. 
 
 Aorta, afcendens is an Artery co- 
 ining from the left Venrricle of the 
 Heart, it fends out ^ Branches cali'd 
 CoronartA to the Hear^ before ir pier- 
 ces the Veyicardmm\hut after ii hath 
 pierced it, it afcends a Htrle and thon 
 It crooks fo:Vvard, ^vA forms the 
 Acrt.% defcenuens. 
 
 The Aorta, defcendeni is an Artery 
 that ddcend? out of the firft Bron- 
 chialis, which accompanies all the 
 Branches of the Bronchia,-, as it de- 
 fcends along the Vertebr& of rhe Tho- 
 rax, it fends out on c?.ch fide the In- 
 ter coRal Arteiies to the Diaphragm \ 
 it giver, the Vhrenka, and the CeHaca, 
 is the firft it f nds out, when it en- 
 ters the Abdofnen. 
 
 A P E P S Y. 
 
 Apepfy is a lofs of the natural Con- 
 pojQion. 
 
 APERIENTS. 
 
 aperients are opening Medicines. 
 APOPLEXY. 
 
 Apoplexy is a fudden Stagnation of 
 the Blood, cfpccially in the Brain, 
 caufcd by sn over plenitude and ful- 
 nefs, or when the Blood happens to 
 be of fuch a grcfs or vifcid Contex- 
 ture, that it cannot pafs neely thro' 
 the fmall Vcffels of the Bsainj but 
 by filling them too full prrffes upon 
 the Origin o! the Ner es, and de- 
 prives a Horie of jll Serfe and Mo- 
 tion at once, whereby he ials down 
 iiidderly. 
 
 It proceeds f om want of Exer- 
 cise, too much Food which inc-ea- 
 ics the quantify of the Blood ; or 
 when a Ho'fc happens to be kept 
 with UTiwhclf me Food. 
 
 The Tigris are g'ddii.efs and reel- 
 ing to and fro, and trembling, and 
 fomenmes falling down fuddenly, 
 without Senfe and Motion. - 
 
 The Cure is to make a power- 
 ful Revuhion, by taking a confdera- 
 ble quantity of Blood from the Neck, 
 and apply Volatile Spirits of Harts- 
 horn, or Sal Armoniack to his Nofe 
 to roufe himj afterwards purge hini 
 two or three times, but verv gently, 
 and then let him have an Ounce of 
 Native Cinnabar every Day for a 
 Month, made up into a Paffe, with 
 a (ufKcient quanti^-y of Fiower mixed 
 with Oil of Amber, which muft be 
 given every day before watering time. 
 See Ci'mab^r Balls. 
 APOSTLES OINTMENT. 
 ' T?ke of Turpentine, Roirn, Yel- 
 
 * lovo W.^x and Gum Ammouiack, ot 
 
 * each 2 Ounces and a half, of the 
 
 * Roots of long Birih-Tcort, Oiiba^ 
 
 * nu?7i, and Bdellium, of each an 
 ' Ounce and a half, of Myrrh and 
 ' Galbar.umy of each an Ounce; of 
 ' Oppoponax 6 Dram?, of Vcrdegreafs 
 ' 4 Drams, of Litharge t Ounces 
 
 * and a quarter, of Od of O ives 4 
 
 * Pounds, and as much Vinegar as is 
 
 * fiafficient to diflolve the Gums, and 
 
 * make the whole into an Ointment, 
 
 * after the following manner: 
 
 * Put the Litharge into the Oil, 
 
 * and boil it over a ilow Fire, keep- 
 
 * ing it continually ftirring, that it 
 
 * may not run over ; when you find 
 
 * they are well incorpora ed, tnke it 
 
 * off, and pour a quantity of IVater 
 ' gently irto it, to keep it from burn- 
 
 * ing. Dififblve the Gums in Vme- 
 
 * gar, and ft.ain them from all tbiG 
 
 * d:ofs; mix them with the Turpen- 
 
 * tine. Rofn and M'^'.x, and pur them 
 "^ in o the Oil and Liiharge, and boil 
 ' them all together, till the watery 
 
 * parts ave evaporated; then having 
 < firft rcduc'd the Litharge and B^rth- 
 
 * wort into a fine Powder, add them 
 
 * to the whole Compofition, Oirring 
 « them in; and ivhen all the Ingre- 
 ' dients are thoroughly incorporated, 
 ' take the Ointment off the Fire, and 
 
 * put it into aii open Pot to cook 
 
 «Anu 
 
A P 
 
 ( ^9) 
 
 A P 
 
 * And if thefe Dircfticns are followec^, 
 
 * the Oinrmeni: will be of a deep 
 < green Colour. 
 
 This is an admirable Ointment, for 
 deterging and cleanang foul Sores and 
 Ulcers. 
 
 A P O 2 E M. 
 
 Apozem is a Oeco6lion of Kerbs, 
 Roots, ^'C. together for any medici- 
 nal ufe 
 
 APPETITE LOST OR 
 DEPRAVED. 
 
 Appetite toft or depravd. In as much 
 as the Food of Horles docs, for the 
 moft part co lift of the moft fimple 
 Produffions of thc^ Earth, theii Sto- 
 machs cannot be liaMe to fo many 
 Difcaics, as mankind are. And there- 
 fo'-e when a Hone has loft his Appe- 
 tite, there is reofon to {lirpe6l that 
 diforder to b-* either a Sv mptom of 
 fome other DTeafe, or the effect of 
 fbme fudden Accident or Mifmanage- 
 ment. 
 
 It is very certain, that whatfbever 
 makes the Blood flow into the Sto- 
 mach in too great quanti'y, muft caule 
 a plenitude and fulnefs of the Vefieis, 
 which according to the degree of 
 plenitude, will lefTen the Appetite 
 and Digeftion : And if it comes up 
 to an Intiammaiion, or if thofe Vef^ 
 fels be very much diftended, it will 
 neceffarily not only cauie a want of 
 Appetite, but aifo a loathing too. * 
 
 And it is obfervable, that in all Fe- 
 vers and violent Colds, a Horfc does 
 forfake his Food; and thatlometimcs 
 he fliows his diilike to eating after 
 an immoderate Excrcife, or atrer ha- 
 ving been heated, he has drank cold 
 Watery or after he has been ridden 
 a long day's Journey in hot Wearhei ; 
 and in fhort, after all thole Errors, 
 that may be the Caufe of Fevers and 
 other Sicknefies. And becaufe fuch 
 Difbrders do frequently gooffwirh- 
 out any other viiible Symptom, than 
 the jofs of Appetite, they often are 
 attributed wholly to the Stomach. 
 
 But the Difcafes of the ^toxnicht 
 which, properly fpeak'ng, cauie the 
 want of Appr-ue, do nor immedii e- 
 ly depend on any other D.fei^e^ but 
 do either proceed from the quanrny, 
 or quality, of what is conraJn'd in 
 the Stomach j and in rhis cafe, the 
 Signs direr from the former; for in 
 the one, the Horfe wij] inrirely for- 
 iake his Food, but in i he other, al- 
 tho' he is dairty, yet he will ea% if 
 it be but a little, and w;il be capable 
 of doing lervice proportionable to his 
 feeding. 
 
 The Caufe.'] For the moft part it li 
 from a Lentor m the Bowels, or from 
 Ccftivenefs, or when a Ho^fe has 
 flood fom ■ time in the .Stable, and 
 had full feeding wirhout Exerciie in 
 Piopornon to his Food, v/hereby his 
 Sromach is not only kept too full; 
 but the Juices will become corrupted 
 by their Stagnation, and acquire fbme 
 ill qualities that will take away the 
 Appetite, or vitiate it. 
 
 And when a Horfe's Appetite is 
 vitiated, it may be perceiv'd, for that 
 he will, as it were by a fort of in- 
 ftindl, crave after fuch things as arc 
 very different from his natural Food, 
 as Clay or Mud out of Wails. 
 
 The Cure.] As for that want of 
 Appetite, which is the fudden Effe<fi 
 of fome fudden Accident, or ill Ma- 
 nagement, that is fiequently efFefted 
 by letting Blood only ; being com- 
 monly nothing e!ie but the Sym- 
 ptom of an approaching Fever, and 
 of fuch a one, where the Blood is hut: 
 little vitiated. 
 
 In fuch a cafe, you may take a- 
 way a Quart of Blood from the Neck 
 Vein, and then give him fjch things 
 as are cooling and proper to keep 
 down a Fcvcr. 
 
 Give fcalded Bran for his Diet, 
 and fharpen his Water as direfted cKe- 
 where in thole cales,give him mode- 
 rate Exercife, and he will fbon reco- 
 ver his Stom.ach. 
 
 But 
 
A P 
 
 (3^) 
 
 A P 
 
 But if the want of Appetite pro- 
 ceeds from a conftant fulneis, where- 
 by the Adion of his Stomach is hin- 
 dred, the fides not meeting together 
 lb, as to excite the Senfation of Hun- 
 ger. Or if this want of Appetite 
 proceeds from an evil quality in what 
 is contain'd in the Stomach, /. e. if 
 there be flimy Matter ingendred in 
 it, either by raw, indigefted Food, or 
 by reafon of the want of a free dif- 
 charge of the Dung 5 or if a deprav'd 
 i\ppetite be caufed by any fliarp, cor- 
 rofive Matter j or if there be a Sen- 
 sation of Hunger by Fits. In rhele 
 cafes, the mofl: rational Method of 
 Cure is, fir ft to evacuate and purge 
 the Stomach, by thofe things which 
 are proper to fweeten the juices, or 
 attenuate the vifcid Phlegm. 
 
 Purging Malicines are moft pro- 
 per to give Relief in ail Foulneflesof 
 the Stomach, becaufe a Hoi fe has no 
 right Difpofition to vomit, the Gullet 
 being a great length, and the Sto- 
 mach of a confiderable weight 
 
 But no purging Medicines, but 
 what are very moderate, ought to 
 be given to a Horfe that is cofl:ive, 
 except the Bowels have been firft 
 clcanfed by the ufe of Glyflers; be- 
 caufe if, when purging Medicines are 
 given at the Mouth, at the time 
 when his Guts are full of Dung, and 
 that is hardened, it very often proves 
 fatal. For if the Medicine cannot 
 make its way downwards, it will 
 immediately throw the Horfe into 
 Convulfions, becaufe he cannot throw 
 it upwards, as Men and fbme other 
 Animals do. 
 
 Therefore if a Horfe be coflive, 
 firfl have him rak'd, afterwards give 
 him this emollient Glyflcr: 
 
 ' Boil 5 Handfuls of common Mal- 
 
 • low Leaves, and half a Pound of 
 
 • Marfh- Mallow Roots, flic'd; Fenu- 
 
 • greek Seeds and Linfeed, of each 
 
 • 2 Ounces, for half an hour in three 
 
 • Quarts of Water, and ftrain all hot 
 
 * thro* a coarfe Cloth, then put in 
 
 * 2 Ounces of common Treacle, a 
 
 * quarter of a Pound of Honey, and 
 
 * 6 Ounces of Oil or Butter. 
 
 Injed this luke-warm into the 
 Horfe's Body ; holding his Tail as 
 long as poffibly you can clofe to his 
 Tuel; do the fame 2 or 3 days, or 
 until you find the Body of the Horfe 
 is fulKciently open, and fb a way is 
 made for purging, and then youm.ay 
 give him the following Drench : 
 
 * Boil the Roots of Gentian and 
 ' Zedoary flic'd, of each x Handfuls ; 
 
 * of Byjfop and Kue 1 Handfuls, of 
 ' Senna 1 Ounces, Fennel-feeds and 
 ' Annifeeds, of each an Ounce, brui- 
 
 * led, in 3 Pints of Water, till one 
 
 * third part is wafted j then diffolve 2 
 ' Ounces of Lenitive Elecluary in the: 
 
 * Decodfion, Let the Horfe be kept 
 
 * without eating for 2 hours in the 
 ' Morning before this Drench is gi- 
 ' ven him, and an hour after it, then 
 ' either ride or walk him gently for 
 
 * an hour more, and when the Phy- 
 ' lick begins to operate, give him to 
 
 * drink warm Water, that has Oat- 
 
 * meal ftrew'd into it.* 
 
 Or you may give him the follow- 
 ing Purging-Ball: 
 
 ' Take one Ounce of the befl A- 
 
 * loes, 4 Drams of Diagridium, an 
 
 * Ounce oiGalangal powdered, and 
 ' a Dram of Cloves, and make them 
 = up into Balls, tempering them with 
 
 * Flower and Butter. 
 
 Either of thefe 2 Medicines may 
 be given with fu ccefs, to recover a 
 loft Appetite, and may be repeated as 
 often as occalion fhall be, which need 
 not be often, except the Horfe has 
 wanted a good Appetite for fomc 
 confiderable time j and in the latter 
 cafe, you may purge the Horfe for a 
 Fortnight or 3 Weeks, fucceffively 
 twice a Week. And thofe days he is 
 not purged, you may give him in a 
 Decoftion, wherein a handful or two 
 of Rue has been boiled, the following 
 Powder: 'Taks 
 
A P 
 
 ( 31 ) 
 
 A P 
 
 *Take Powder o^ Gentian 4 Dram?, 
 
 * CnUmus Aromatkus^ Gdcmgal 3nd 
 
 * Zedoary, of each 5 Drams : Bay- 
 
 * herries and Cinnamon, of each two 
 
 * Drams. Pound them all together, 
 
 * and give half this quandty in the 
 
 * forcmentioned Deco(ftion, or, if you 
 « will, in'a Pint of white Wine, 
 
 If a Korfe be of a Conftitution 
 that is delicate and wafliy, and not 
 able to undergo much p'-^rgingj the 
 Intention of Purges, may be anlwered 
 by Glyfters, with the uie of fcalded 
 Bran, now and then, and the prece- 
 ding Powder given every Day, 
 
 If the Horfe be {Irong and robuff, 
 in order to relfore an Appetite, you 
 may give him Garlick and Rue, 
 champt and pounded with Butter and 
 Fiower. 
 
 But above all things, the ufe of 
 chewing Balls, and conftant Exerciie, 
 is recommended as abibJutely neceJP- 
 laryi and with the additional ufe of 
 the Medicines above direded, will 
 fbon recover a Horfe's Appetite, See 
 Arman. 
 
 A Powder to reftore the Appetite and 
 flrengthen the Sto'mach. 
 
 * Take Nutmegs , Jamaica Pepper^ 
 ' G^ilangals and Gentian, of each two 
 
 * Drams ; and of P^oche Alum fix 
 
 * Drams; make them into a Pow- 
 
 * der, and give it the Florid at one 
 ' Dofe, in warm Ale, which may be 
 
 * repeated once or twice a day, till 
 
 * the Diforder abates j and afrer that, 
 
 * give him a double Dofe of the Po w- 
 
 * der without the Alum, once a day, 
 
 * and continue it, and it m.ay be yet 
 ' more eiiicacious, if you drop 60 or 
 
 * 80 Drops of the HUxir ofVitricl in- 
 
 * to every Drench 5 for that this will 
 
 * recover the relaxed Fibres to their 
 
 * natural Tone, 
 
 But Care ought to be taken, that 
 in the ufe of all fuch things, they be 
 not continued too lone, left the Parts 
 become too rigid, which fometimes 
 proves of bad confcqueacej by put- 
 
 ting a flop to the conimon and or- 
 dinary Secretions, and £0 far as they 
 afPed: the Sromach, may caufe a Bu- 
 limy or Dog-Appetite, which muft be 
 rcdtifi-d by foft, emollient, mucila- 
 ginous Remedies, and by the ufe of 
 unduous things. 
 
 Cheroing Balls. 
 ' Take half a Pound of AJfa-fos- 
 
 * tida, thefam.e quantity of Liver of 
 
 * Antimony, 4 Ounces of the Wood 
 
 * of the Bay-tree, and as much fu^ 
 
 * niper-rooody and an Ounce of Pelli- 
 ' tory of Spain. Let the Woods be 
 '■ dry'd, and reduce every one of thefe 
 
 * Ingredients to a Powder, apart; 
 
 * then put them all into a Mortar, 
 ' and incorporate them with a fuffi- 
 
 * cient quantity of good Grape Ver- 
 ' juice ciarihed, pour it in by degrees, 
 
 * and when you have reduc'd them 
 
 * into a Mafs, make Balls of an Ounce 
 
 * and half weight, and dry them m 
 
 * the Sun. Wrap one of thefe Balls 
 ' in a Linen Rag, and tie a Thread 
 « to it, and let the Horfe chew it in 
 ' a Morning for 2 hours,and this will 
 
 * caufe him to cat aflbon as he is 
 ' unbridled. Do the fame at Night, 
 
 * repeating it, till the Horfe has re- 
 ' covered his Appetite. When one 
 
 * Ball is wafted, put in another. 
 
 Pills for the Stomach. 
 * Reduce half a Pound of Liver of 
 
 * Antimony, to a very fine Powder, 
 
 * and with the mucilage or thick 
 
 * ilimy Solution of G«w Tragacanth, 
 ' make Pills of the weight of 10 
 •' Drams, and lay them to dry. G'lwo, 
 ' a Horfe two of thefe Pills whole 
 
 * in a Pint of Wine, and keep him 
 ' upon the Bridle for 2 Hours after; 
 ' continue to do this every Day for a 
 ' Month. 
 
 A Bag to bring an Horfe to an 
 
 Appetite. 
 
 If a Horfe refufes to eat, tie An^ 
 
 gelica and AJfa-fcerida, of each half 
 
 an Ounce, to the Bit in a Linen Bag, 
 
 and let him champ upon it for two 
 
 hours. 
 
AP (3 
 
 fcours, and then let him eat 2 hours, 
 and then put the Bit in his Mouth 
 again, and repeat this ieveral times. 
 This will purge his Head, and mske 
 him throw much flimy Matrer, and 
 afterwards he will eat more hear- 
 tily. 
 
 A P P U I. 
 
 Appui or Stay upon the H^rJ, is 
 the Reciprocal Senfe between the 
 Hcrfe's Mouth and the Bridle Hand; 
 or the Sqt^^q of theAdion of the Bri- 
 dle in the Hand of the Horieman. 
 
 The tiue and right Appui of the 
 Har.d, is the nice bearing up or Stay 
 of the Bridie i fo that the Horle being 
 awed by the fenfibility and tender- 
 nefs of the Parts of his Mouth, does 
 not dare to reft too much upon the 
 Bit-mouth, nor chack or beat upon 
 the Hand to withHiand it. 
 
 A dull iienf Appui is us'd concer- 
 ning a IIorfe,that has a good Mouth, 
 but his Tongue is fo thick, that the 
 Bit cannot work or bear upon the 
 Bars : For the Tongue being not fen- 
 fible or tender, as the Bars, is be- 
 nummed or hardened by the Bit, and 
 ib the Appui is not good. The Bit 
 does not prcfs the Bars in the Quick, 
 by reaibn of the grofsnels, either of 
 the Tongue, or elfe of the Lips. 
 
 If a Korfe has a Reft or Stay that 
 forces the Hand, it fhews that he has 
 a bad Mouth. 
 
 A Horle is faid to have 7io Appui, 
 i. e. no Reft upon the Hand, that is, 
 he dreads the Bit-mouth ; he is ap- 
 prehcnfive of the Hand, and can't 
 iuffcr the Bit to prefs or bear, tho' 
 it be never fo little upon the Parts 
 of the Mouth-, end thence it is, that 
 he does not eafily bear the Bridle. 
 
 If a Horie has been taught a good 
 Appiii, and you would give hmi a 
 good Reft upon the Hand, you ought 
 to gallop him, and often put him 
 back. Alio a long ftretch Gallop is 
 alio very proper for the fame Pur- 
 pofe-j for ia his galloping he gives 
 
 o 
 
 A R 
 
 the Rider an opportunity of beariijg 
 him upon the Hand, 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have too much 
 Appui, when he throws himiHf too 1 
 much upon the Bit. A Horie that \ 
 has a fine Stay or Pvcft upon the 
 Hand, i. e. equal firm and Hght, or 
 one that obeys the Bridie. See Hand, 
 
 A full Appui upon the Hand, is a 
 firm Stay, without reftirg very hea- 
 vy, ;and without bearing upon the 
 Hand, Horfes delign'd for the Ar- 
 my ought to have a/«// Appui upon 
 the Hand. 
 
 A Horie which is ftopp'd with 
 fome force, but ftill fo, that he does 
 not force the Hand, is faid to have a 
 more than full Reji or Appui upon 
 the Hand. This Appui is good for 
 fuch a Rider, who depends upon the 
 Bridle, inftead of his Thigs. 
 
 AQUA F O KT I S. 
 
 Single Ac^ua Fortis is made by mix- 
 ing 2 parts of Nitre, with 3 parrs 
 of common Crude Vitriol in an ear- 
 then Pot, call'd a long Neck, with a 
 Receiver luted to it with Clay, Sand, 
 and cut Flax wrought together; leC 
 the Fire be augmented by degrees to 
 the third degree, and keep it fo till 
 the operation is finifl;ied. Chymifts 
 exprefs it by this Charafter N , 
 
 To make double Ac^ua Fortis, take 
 one part of Nitre, and 2 parts of 
 Vitriol, calcine it almoft to a redneis, 
 and draw it off with the fame Cau- 
 tions as before. 
 
 Thefe are made ufe of in Medi- 
 cines only as a Menfiruum in other 
 Preparations, But for Hories they are 
 often ufed in outward Intentions, to 
 eat off Excrefcencies, and to anfwer 
 the ieveral ends of Cauftick Medi- 
 cines. 
 
 ARABIAN HORSE. 
 
 Arabian Horfe. The Duke o^ Nev0- 
 caftle tells us, that the Arabian Horfe 
 is nurs'd with Camel's Milk, and that 
 there areftrange Reports in the World 
 of ihemj that be has been informed 
 
 by 
 
A R 
 
 (33) 
 
 A R 
 
 by iPcople of Credit, that the Price 
 of a right Arab'.an Horfe is looo, 
 2.OO0 and ^ooo Pounds, and that the 
 Arabs are as careful and diligent in 
 keeping the Genealogies of their Hor- 
 fes, as any Princes can be in keeping 
 any of their own Pedigrees. 
 
 They keep the Genealogies of their 
 Horfes with Medals, and when any 
 of th"ir Sons come to be Men, their 
 Fathers give them 2 Suits of Arms, 
 with 2 Scy meters, and one of thefe 
 Horfes, and pray to God to b!efs 
 them ; that is every one's Portion, 
 and his Horfe lies always in the next 
 Room to him. And that they fay, 
 that they will ride 80 Miles a Day, 
 and never draw the Bridle. 
 
 That he never faw but one, which 
 was a Bay, but a little Hoife, and no 
 rarity for Shape ; for he had leen ma- 
 ny EnglijJj Horfes far finer. 
 
 That one Markham^ a Merchant, 
 fold him to King J-ames for foo /. 
 and being trained up for a Courfe, 
 when he came to run, every Horfe 
 beat him. 
 
 ARCHANGEL. 
 
 ArchixngeU or deaA Nettle, is good 
 for Ulct^t"s, old Sores, Bruifes, Bur- 
 nings, and to d'lTolv'c Tumors. 
 ARCHED. 
 
 Arched Legs .Worses, are faid to have 
 Arched Legs, when their Knees arc 
 bended Arch-wife. This Term re- 
 lates to the Fore-quarters, ai:d this 
 Infirmity happens to thofe Horfes, 
 whofe Legs are fpoiled with travel- 
 ling, the Horfes which are called 
 Brafiicourts, have their Knees bended 
 Arch-wife ; but this Detbrmity is 
 natural to them. 
 
 ARISTOLOCHIA. 
 
 Arifidochia. is hot and cieanfing,and 
 if it be the Rotunda, it is the Wron- 
 ger ,• it draws and purges thin Water 
 and Phlegm, and opens the Lungs, 
 and refiits all forts of Poifon what- 
 foever, and the Bitings A venomous 
 Beafts, See Binh-tvorr. 
 
 A R M. 
 
 Arm of a Horfe. Sec Fore-thigh. 
 
 To Arm. A Horfe is faid to arm 
 himfeif, when he preff:s down his 
 Head, as if he would chock ; and 
 bends his Neck (o, that he refls the 
 Branches of the Bridle upon his Coun- 
 ter, in order to difobey the Bit-mouth, 
 and guards his Bars and his Mouth, 
 which are relieved by his over-ben- 
 ding his Neck. 
 
 When a Horfe arms himfeif, you 
 fliould give him a l:nee'd Branch, and 
 that will raife him, and make hini 
 carry his Head well. See to Carry 
 Lew. 
 
 To Arm -with the Lips. A Horfe 
 is faid to arm himfeif with the Lips, 
 when he covers the Bars with his 
 Lips, and makes the PrefTure of the 
 Bit too deaf and firm : It is common 
 for thick lip'd Horfes to do this. To 
 remedy this, you muft procure a Bit- 
 mouth to be forged with a Canoa 
 or Scatch Mouth that is broader near 
 the Bankers, than at the Place of its 
 PrefTure, or reft upon the Bars: And 
 this will prevent the Horfe from arm- 
 ing himfeif with his Lips. 
 
 Sometimes they fay j the Lip arms 
 the Bar, i. e. it covers or skreens it. 
 See Difarm. 
 
 Sir IVdham Hop cbferves, that ma- 
 ny Perfons have been much miftaken 
 as to the Vice of a Horfe, in a^rning 
 himfdf againfi the Bit ,• by faying 
 that, he is hard on the Hand, and tm- 
 der no Command, becaufe the Bran- 
 ches of the Bridle reft upon his Neck 
 or Counter fo, that you cannot pull 
 or help him at all with the Bridle- 
 hand i but therein they are deceived ; 
 lor many Horfes have been known 
 to arm themfelves againfl the Bit, as 
 much as any Horfes could do, and 
 yet were very commendable, and as 
 light on the Hand as any Horfes in 
 the World : For if a Horfe go per- 
 fedlly upon the Haunches, he mufl 
 of neceiUty be light upon the Hand, 
 I> let 
 
A R 
 
 let him arm him fd Fas he pleafesand 
 carry his Mead never fb low. 
 
 To prevent a Horle's arming a- 
 gainft the Bit, Mr. La Broue advifes, 
 to have a Ball oF Wood covered Vv^ith 
 Velvet, or any thing clfe that will 
 make it lock neat, and to pat it on 
 his Chaia, which, whenever he brir.g- 
 eih in his Head too much, will fo 
 preFs him between his Jaw-bones, as 
 to hinder hi.^ I-ie-ad from coming too 
 dofe to his Neck or Coun":er. 
 
 The only difiicuiry is in propor- 
 tioning the bigncfs oF the Ball, to 
 the diftance thar is between the jaw- 
 bones; fo; iF it be too fmall, it will 
 have no ef?^(ft; and if it be too big, 
 it will be too much (een, and, fo be 
 unhand Fo me. 
 The Confcci-cn called A R M A N. 
 
 Dr. Grey diredls, * To take 3 quar- 
 
 * ters of a Pound of Honey ot Rofesy 
 
 * and of the Crumbs of Tvhite Man- 
 
 * chet made into a fine Powder as 
 
 * much as will fjfiice, Cinamcn and 
 
 * Cord!(il--povcder ot Kutmegs^of c^ch. 
 
 * 5 quav ers cF an Ounce; powder 
 
 * them nne, 3rd mix rhcm all toge- 
 
 * ther, then put them into a Gaily- 
 « pot, and moiften them with Rcfe- 
 
 * Vinegar f oF a ccnFiiience the thick- 
 " ncFs oF Pap, and keep it for uFe. 
 
 The Virtues cf ibis Ar-o:an^ It is 
 good to provoke an Appetite to Meat, 
 and cauie a good Digeftion. It re- 
 moves all Anncyances from the Sto- 
 rnacb, and cools the inward heat of 
 the Body; it helps in all Fevers and 
 Agues, and is an excellent Rtmedy 
 againil: SurFeiis j it is aifo good For a 
 Quinfy in ihe Throat, prvoceeding 
 from a Cokl • as al^b againil- the Gri- 
 pings in the Beily or Gut?, proceeding 
 JTom Wind. It is a French Medi- 
 cine. 
 
 The marjicr of ujing /?.], This is 
 to be done bv putting ibme of it up- 
 on the end oFa Bull's Pizzle, and put- 
 ting it into a Horfe's Mouth, and let- 
 ting him champ upon it. But if it 
 
 Morning; fafting, keeping: him faftino; 
 
 ( 34 ) A R 
 
 be for a Quinfy or Fever, give w^m 
 a Drench of two HornFuIs of it in a 
 
 all 
 for 2 or 5 hours after. 
 
 If it be in a Fever, or any other 
 Difiemper, the Hovfe ought alfo to 
 champ on fome part of it j both to 
 cool his Mouth, and to roule him to 
 fome Adion, which is often of great 
 Service. 
 
 SoUeyfell's. Arman. 
 
 * Moifren a^Difliful of the Heart of 
 ' a White Loaf, crumbled fmall, with 
 
 * Verjuice, or Vinegary if you have 
 ' not Verjuice, add to it a fufficient 
 
 * quantity of Salt, and Hcney of Ro- 
 
 * fesy or of Violets (or common Ho- 
 
 * ney, if you have not the other ) then 
 
 * having put the thin Pafle into a 
 ' Pot, let it boil For a quarter of an 
 ' hour over a gentle Fire, till the fu- 
 ' perfluous Moifture is confumed ; 
 
 * then add to it, two Drams of pow- 
 ' dered Cinaf?7on, 18 Cloves, a grated 
 
 * Nutweg, and half a Pound of Srfgar 
 ' povx'dered 5 let them boil for halt a 
 
 * quarter of an hour Ov'er a gentle 
 
 * Fire, that the Ingredients may be 
 
 * thoroughly mixed; and the Spices 
 
 * may be incorpovared with the Bread. 
 ' You mufl: take care, that the heat 
 ' of the Fire be very gentle. For the 
 ' Icaft excefs of heat, will caufe the 
 ' Virtue of the Aromatick Drugs to 
 ' exhale. 
 
 Soak the great end of an Ox*s 
 Fizzle in Water for 4 or f hours till 
 it i- grown foFt,then make theHorie 
 chew it between his Grinders or 
 Jaw- teeth, to flatten it a little, or 
 beat it with a Hammer, and put of 
 this Arwan upon it, the quantity of 
 a Nur, open the Horic's Mouth, and 
 make him put cut his Tongue on 
 one fide, fo that he cannot ftir it, 
 then thruft the Fizzle with the Medi- 
 cine in as far as you can, but not 
 violently; but fuffcring the Horfc to 
 draw it into his Throat; then let go 
 his Tongue, and after he has champ'd 
 awhile. 
 
A R ( 3^ ) 
 
 avv'Kile, put more of the Arman on 
 the Fizzle, and give it him as before, 
 repeating it 5- or 6 times ^"ci let him 
 cat 3 hours after, if he vvi!], but not 
 before; then give him more of the 
 Arman afrer the iame manner, every 
 5 hours. 
 
 V/ipe the Fizzle with Hay, every 
 time that it is put into the Horie's 
 Mouth. 
 
 This Arnan is very proper for all 
 Horles that are lick, and forfake their 
 Meat, pi ovided they have no Fever ; 
 and it alvays both nourifhes and re- 
 (lOres lod Appetite. 
 
 An Arman is dclign'd for Food, as 
 well as Phyfick, fome may therefore 
 be given the Horle to iwallow in 
 Milk, Water, or any other convenient 
 Vehicle, bciides what is put into his 
 Mouth to champ upon. 
 
 But the following will be more 
 fuccefsful, and more fblly anfwer all 
 that can be propos'd by nn Armim, 
 and is a more elegant Arman than 
 that of SolleyfdL 
 
 * C'umbie the Heart of a fiale 
 
 * Quartern Loaf very fmall, and moi- 
 
 * freff it with the Juice of Lemons 
 ' very well; then put to it a fuffi- 
 ' cient quantity of Honey of Rofes, 
 
 * and let it boil over a gentle Fire 
 
 * till it_ comes to a thick Pap, ftir- 
 
 * ring it conftantly that it m.ay not 
 ' burn •, and afterwards add to it, 
 
 * of GaUngals finely powdered, an 
 
 * Ounce ; Cloves and Nutmegs finely 
 
 * powdered, of each 2 Drams, and 
 
 * keep ftirring of it, till the Pow- 
 
 * ders are well incorporated with the 
 « Bread. Then fofren it Vv-ith a fuf- 
 ' ficient quantity cF the fmall C'mna- 
 ' mon /4'Ii/(?r, that is called, yi^.7^C;»- 
 ' ncunon't hordeatrt. 
 
 This may he given s Horic almofi: 
 at Difcretion, bciides wh^at is given 
 him to champ upon by the Fizzle. 
 
 hs for fuch Horfes wliirh lofe their 
 
 A R 
 
 a violent Scouring and Loofenefs, he 
 recommends the following as the 
 moil: proper: 
 
 Moiften the Crumibs o^.roh'ite Bread, 
 
 Appetite, and forfake their Food from 
 
 ' with thcfuice of Lerii on s, or for want 
 ^ of that v/ith the Syrup of Lemons^ 
 
 * and make it into a thin Pap, with 
 ' a proper quantity of Spring-water, 
 
 * then let it boil ovei' a gentle Fire 
 
 * till it is grown thick. Obferving 
 ' the before-mentioned Dirediions: 
 ' Then add half an Ounce of pow- 
 ' dered Cina?non, of Galangals and 
 
 * Zedoary, of each half an Ounce; 
 ' Bole- Armani nch, Vo.r.egranate Bark 
 
 * and Ked Rofe Leaves, of each three 
 ' D'-ams; incorporate thefe with the 
 ' Bread, then with the Decoclion of 
 
 * 3 or 4, large Poppy-heads, Icsften it 
 ' toa fufficient confiftence, and fweet- 
 
 * en it with Loaf Sugar, and make 
 ' it into an Arman. 
 
 This will not only fortify the Sto- 
 mach, and reilore Appetite; but will 
 alio ftrengthen and corroborate the 
 Guts by ccntrafling the Glands, and 
 drinking up the luperfluous Humidity, 
 A R M O N I A C K. 
 
 Sal A^rmoniack. That which is na- 
 tural, is only prcduc'd in very hot 
 Countries, where the Earth has im- 
 bibed the Urine of Animals. But that 
 which is commonly fold in Shops, is 
 made as follows : 
 
 ' Take 15- Pound of Urine, and 
 
 * 3 Pound of Sea Salt, and a Pound 
 
 * and half of the Soot of Woodj 
 ' boil thefe together till they are in- 
 
 * corporated ; then put them into a 
 
 * fubiiming Pot with a proper Head, 
 ' and there will arife up what forms 
 
 * thole Cakes. 
 As to its Qnalities, it is Opening 
 
 and Diuretick. 
 
 VoUtUe Sal Armorriack. 
 * Take equal Quantities of Sal Af-^ 
 ' moniack and Salt of Tartar, put 
 ' them into a Retort or Matrafs 
 
 * with its Head, leaving it two thirds 
 
 D 2, empr-A 
 
A R 
 
 ( 56) 
 
 A R 
 
 ' empty, fet it inro a Sand Furnace, 
 
 * and encrenie the Heat to the third 
 
 * degree, till all is fliblimed. 
 
 This is an excellent Remedy in all 
 maligranr and peflilential Fevers j for 
 it does, by its great Volarility, rarifie 
 the vifciil Coagula'^ions of the Blood, 
 and prepares thim for ^oing off by 
 Sweat or inienhble Tianfpiration. 
 
 It may be given to a Horfe from 
 the quantity of a Dram ro 2 Drams. 
 The (ame Caution fhould be observed 
 in giving this, as in giving the Salts 
 of Harts-horn. And that is by rca- 
 fon of its Volatility, it ought not to 
 be made up into any form, till the 
 very Minute before it is uled; then 
 break ir with the Haft of a Knife, 
 and work it up into a Ball with other 
 proper Ingrcdient<^. 
 
 It is good agaip.ft the Vertigo, Epi- 
 lepfy, and all Difordcrs of the Head, 
 which caufe the Staggers. 
 
 Spirit of Sal Anr.or.iack. 
 
 * Powder Crude Armonmck and 
 
 * 5"^// of Tartar together, put them 
 
 * into a Cucurbit or Retort, fprink- 
 
 * ling them with Rain-water j draw 
 
 * them off, increniing the Fire to the 
 « third degree, and continue it, till 
 
 * the Salt be.^ins to diflblve in the 
 
 * Neck of the Retort. 
 
 This has the fame Virtues as the 
 Volatile Salt, and may be given from 
 2 Drams to half an Ounce in vphite 
 Water, or any proper Vehicle. It is 
 Cooling and Apperirive, and therefore 
 good in Fevers, ^c. 
 
 Spirit of Sal Armoniack roith 
 Amber. 
 
 The Oil of Amber in this Procefs 
 js added v ith a Delign, to make the 
 Medicine more adapted ^o the Difbr- 
 ders of the Head. In other Relpe(5ls 
 its Ufe is the fame. 
 
 All the Spirits drawn from Sd- 
 Ar/?:oniachyZre very effeftual in fome 
 outward Intentions, where there is 
 occafion for a powerful and penetra* 
 
 ting Remedy, as in Paralytick Numb- 
 nellcs. Cramps, and other Convulfivc 
 Diibvdcrs. 
 
 And when the Uvula or Palate is 
 fallen down, and become relaxed ( as 
 it happens very often upon catching 
 Cold } being applied to it with a Fea- 
 ther, it will dtaw it up. 
 
 AROMATICKS. 
 
 Aromaticks are Medicines of a 
 grateful, ipicy Scent. 
 
 ARRACH or ORRACH. 
 
 Garden Arrach is a Loofener of 
 the Belly, and a Strcngthener of the 
 Expullive Faculty, and being bruifed, 
 and laid to the Throat, relieves Swel- 
 lings ; and taken inwardly, is good 
 for the Yellows. 
 
 Wild or /linking Arrach is good 
 for the Farcin, being taken inwardlyj 
 and Diftempers of the Womb. 
 A R R A G O N. 
 
 The Ointment Arragcn has all the 
 fame Virtues with Martiarum, which 
 fee. 
 
 ARRAISTES, ARRESTS 
 or RAT-TAILS. 
 Arraijles, Arrefts or Rat-Tails^ 
 which is a kind of Scratches. This 
 is a very venomous Di£afe in a Horle, 
 and not m.uch unlike to the Scratch- 
 es. It is caufed fcveral ways; by 
 too much Reft, and not being rubb'd 
 and drefied well j or by too much 
 Reft, and want of Exercife ; the 
 Blood corrupting in a Horfe's Body, 
 falls down into his Legs, and that 
 caufc^ the Difeafe. 
 
 Ride him till he is warm, and that 
 will catife the Veins to fwell, and 
 appear the plainer; then bleed him 
 well on the Feet-lock Veins on both 
 lides, and the next day, wafh the Sores 
 with warm Water, clip away ail the 
 Hair from about the Sores^ and a- 
 noint the Parts grieved with the fol- 
 lowing Ointment: 
 
 * Take 
 
A R 
 
 (37) 
 
 A R 
 
 * Take of Green Copperas and Ver- 
 *^ clegreafe, of each 4 Ounces j beat 
 
 * them very fmall, and work them 
 
 * up to an Ointment, with half a 
 
 * Pound of common Honey, and a- 
 « noint the Sores every day with it, 
 
 * till they be whole.' See Rat -tails, 
 
 A R S E N I C K. 
 
 Arfenick is a ponderous Mineral, 
 loaded with corrofive Salts. There 
 are 3 forts of it. The Tel.'orv, which 
 is cali'd Orpiment, the Red cali'd San- 
 darachj and the IVhite cali'd Rats- 
 lane. It is made by mixing the Red 
 with equal Parts of common S^lt, 
 and fubiiming them together. It is 
 no way us'd, but in outward Appli- 
 cation, as a Cauflick to deftroy Ex- 
 crefcences. 
 
 ARSE-SMART. 
 
 Arfe-fmart is a Herb fo hot and 
 pungent on the Tongue, that it is 
 hardly tolerable, and therefore it has 
 obtained in all Chronick Diforders, 
 which proceed from a iluggifli and 
 heavy Motion of the Blood. It i^ 
 alfb good in all5'/'r^«^/^r;>j,and what- 
 foever caufes Pain and Unealinefs in 
 pilfmg. 
 
 ARTERY. 
 
 An Artery is a conical Channel, 
 conveying the Blood from the Heart 
 to all Parts of the Body. Each Ar- 
 tery is compos'dof 3 Coats, of which 
 thcfirfl icems to be a Thread of fine 
 Blood- Veflels and Nerves, for the nou- 
 rifhing the Coats of the Artery. The 
 fecond is made up of ciicular, or ra- 
 ther ipiral Fibres, of which there are 
 more or fewer Strata, accordine to 
 the bignefs of the Artery. Thefe Fi- 
 bres have a ftrong Elafticity, by which 
 they contrail themfelves with ibme 
 force, v/hen the Power, by which 
 they have been flretched out, ceaies. 
 The third and inmoft Coat is a fine, 
 wienie, tranfparent Membrane, which 
 keeps the Blood within the Channels, 
 which othervvife upon the Dilatation 
 
 o'-"an Artery, would eaiily feparate the 
 fpiral Ffbres from one ano her. 
 
 As the Arteries grow finaller, thefe 
 Coats grow thinner, and the Coats 
 of the Veins feem only to be Conti- 
 nuations of the Capillary Arteries. 
 
 The chief Diftribution of the Ar- 
 teries is inro Aorta, afcendens and 
 Aorta defcendens, from which they 
 are branched into all the leveral Parts 
 of the Body. See Ao'-ta. 
 
 A R T H R O S I S. 
 
 ArthroJJs is that kind or Articula- 
 tion, when a round head of a Bone 
 is received into a round hollow of 
 ano'her; luch as that of the Thigh 
 with the Ifchin'tn or Loin bones, and 
 as the Radiii4 receives the Humerm, 
 ARTICULATION. 
 
 Artiadatio?i is peculiar to the Bone?, 
 and is dillinguifhed into three Sorfc, 
 Diarthrojls, Synchondrojis, and Syn^ir^ 
 throfis. 
 
 1. D-arthro/is Is of two Sorts, the 
 Enarthrojis, or Ar thro din and Gingit- 
 mm. 
 
 The firfl \s when the round Head 
 of a Bone is received into a round 
 Cavity of another, fuch as the Arti- 
 culation of the Thi^h with the If- 
 chiura. The Property of this joining 
 is, that the Parts may move equally 
 to any fide. GmgUmns fee in its pro- 
 per place. 
 
 2. Syn<:hondro[is is when the Ex- 
 tremities of two Bones are joined to 
 one another by an intervening Carti- 
 lage. Thus the Bodies of the Verte- 
 bra, and the Extremities 01 the Ribs 
 and Sternum are joined together. 
 
 3. The Synarthrods-, which \z of 
 two Sorts, the Sutura. and Gompho- 
 fis. The Spitura, is, when two Bones 
 are mutually indented with one ano- 
 ther 5 the Teeth by which they are 
 indented, are of various Figures i fome- 
 timcs like the Teeth of a Sawifom.e- 
 times broad a: their Extremities, and 
 narrow at the Bale i ibmetimes the 
 fides of tlie Teeth a;e alfo indented, 
 
 D 3 ^ 
 
A S 
 
 C3S) 
 
 as frequently in the Sutura La-mbdot- 
 dalis. This fort of Articuhrion, is 
 called Dove-tailing, fuch as is ulcd by 
 Joiners. 
 
 Gor/j-^hofis is when one Bene is 
 joined to another, as a Pin or Nail is 
 in a piece of Wood, and the Teeth 
 only are articulated this way in their 
 Sockets. 
 
 A P. Z E L. 
 
 A Horfe which has a white Mark 
 upon the far Foot behind, is faid to 
 be Arzcl. Some fuperflitious Per- 
 lons fancy, that fuch'Horfes are un- 
 fortunate in Battle, and that by an 
 unavoi-^able Fatality; and this preju- 
 dice is fo llrong with fbme,that they 
 do not care to uie them. 
 
 ASARABACCA. 
 
 Afarabuca. Farriers commonly ufe 
 the Dccodion of this Herb to fquirt 
 up the Noie of a Horfe, that is trcu> 
 bled with the Staggers, and other 
 Diforders of the Head. Or the Herb 
 being dry'd and powdered, is ufed in 
 the fame Intention in the manner of 
 SnufF. The Roots ave hot and dry 
 more than the Leaves, and are good 
 to provoke Urine. 
 
 ASPERITY. 
 
 Ajperity is that rou[?hnels that a- 
 riles rrom the unequal Surfaces of a- 
 ny Bodies. 
 
 ASSAFOETIDA. 
 
 Aff^-Jmiiiia is drawn from the La- 
 zertree by Incifica, and is of a rank 
 fiir.king Smell It is very effeclaal in 
 all Diforders of the Nerves and ner- 
 vous Obftruftiors ; and particularly 
 in the Vertigo, Staggers, and other 
 Dilorders or the Head. The propereil: 
 form of giving this Medicine is in 
 Balls. 
 
 ASSIMULATION. 
 
 Afjlmulation iignif cs the Union of 
 Aliments to the Body, in Nourifh- 
 iiient; but in a more general Senfe, 
 fignifies the Redu£^ion of any Body 
 to the Nature cf another. 
 
 ASSIST. 
 
 To fiJJJft. See to A'uL 
 
 ASTRINGENTS. 
 
 Ajlringents are binding Medicine:: > 
 either fuch as ad; by the Afpe.ity of 
 their Particles, by which they corru- 
 gate the Membranes, and make them 
 draw up cloicr; or fuch as thicken 
 the Fluids, whereby they cannot run 
 off {Jo faft as before. 
 
 They ftrengthen and add to the So- 
 lids, by conilringing and drawing to- 
 gether the laxed,loofe and unbent Fi- 
 brer, prevent a further Diffipaticn and 
 Wafte, fo that the Body receives bene- 
 fit and gathers ftrengrh from its com- 
 mon Nourifliment. 
 
 The following are accounted Af- 
 triogents or Binders, Of Herbs : Bur- 
 net, Mint, Nettles Oak, Rupture- 
 wort, Sanicle, VVoad, Yarrow. Of 
 Flort>eri : Balauftines, Red Rofe-buds. 
 Of Fruits : Acorns, Ber-berries, Cy- 
 prefs Nuts, Crab Apples, 
 
 ATHEROMA. 
 Atheroma is a Tumour of a pappy 
 Confiifence, without Pain. 
 
 ATROPHY. 
 
 Atrophy is \yhen the Body wafles 
 infenfibly, as in a Confiimption. 
 ATTAINT. 
 
 Attaint. A Blow or Wound on 
 the hinder Feet of an Horfe, that he 
 received from another Horie that fol- 
 lowed him too clofe. 
 
 It is alio made ufe of, to fignifie a 
 Blow that a Horfe receives from his 
 fore or hinder oppcfite Foot; or a 
 Blow received by one of the hinder 
 Feet, ftriking againft the Coronet of 
 the fore Foot. 
 
 A Horfe cannot give him.felf a ru- 
 der Attaint, for it is found by a 
 Probe, that it penetrates between the 
 Hoof and the Coffin-bone; and that 
 gives rcafon to fufpeft that the Ten- 
 don is affeiSted, and that the Attaint 
 reaches to the Coronet. 
 
 A; 
 
AT CS 
 
 An upper Ait aim is a violent Blow 
 which is given by the Toe of the 
 hind Feet, upon the Sinew of the 
 fore Legs. Or is a Swelling of the 
 Mafter or Back-llnew of the fore 
 Legs near the Paftcrn Joint, and molt 
 comnioniy comes by an over-reach. 
 
 Thefe Att.xints being Strokes or 
 Knots, by over-reaching either on 
 the Back-Iincw of the fore Leg ,- on 
 the Heels or nether joints, may be 
 healed fifely by the following Medi- 
 cine; only for the over- reaches, be- 
 fore yoa apply the Salve, lay the Sore 
 plain open, without hollownefs, and 
 vvaili it with Beer and Salt, or Vine- 
 gar and Salt. 
 
 ' Gr'm'^ Vsrdegreafe and MtCreAfe 
 
 * together to an Ointment, put it in- 
 
 * to the Box by it felf, then melt to- 
 ' gether equal quantities of Hog's- 
 ' greafe and Turpentine, and put them 
 
 * into anoLher Box. Then take off 
 
 * the Scab, and make the Wound 
 
 * raw, and anoint it firft for 2 or 5 
 
 * days with the green Salve ofFenitf- 
 
 * greafsi this being a fliarp Salve will 
 
 * kill the cankerous hum,ourj when 
 
 * you perceive the Sore to look fair, 
 
 * take two parts of the yellov/ Salve, 
 
 * and one part of the green Salve, 
 
 * and mix them together; and anoint 
 
 * ihQ Sore v/ith it till it be whole i 
 
 * and make it ftronger or weaker, as 
 9 you fee occafion. 
 
 Things good in general for an up- 
 per or nether Attaint, or any Hurt by 
 over-reaching. 
 
 Let the Place be made bare with- 
 out hollownefs, and wnil'd with Beer 
 and Salt, or Vinegar and Salt^ before 
 the Salve be applied ; and then thofe 
 tilings that will cure a Mallender and 
 Seilanden, will cure this. 
 l?artic'iiUr Receipts good for an upper 
 Attaint. 
 
 * Take 2 Ounces o.^' Venice Turpen- 
 
 * tine, and beat it well ivith6 Spoon- 
 
 * fuls of BranJy, till it become a 
 I Salve, and anoint the Sere very 
 
 9) 
 
 A T 
 
 ' well with it, and dry it v/ell in 
 ' with a hot Iron; this ought to be 
 ' done 3 or 4 times, ar.d i-- w:;' r:f- 
 ' fl6t a Cu;c. 
 
 Another. 
 * Take an Ounce and half of San- 
 ' guis Draconis, 2 Ounces of Bole- 
 
 * Armoniack, i Ounces of Sallet-Oil, 
 ' Suet and Ho/j-greafe^ of each fix 
 
 * Ounces, M^jtick fix Ounces; melt 
 ' and mix them all well together, and 
 
 * apply it to the Swelling, and it will 
 ' take it avv-ay. 
 
 Another. 
 *■ Take 3 or 4 Handfuis of Saxi- 
 ' frage, the Suet of 2 Loirs cf Mut- 
 ' ton, mince the Si4et, and chop the 
 
 * Herbs fmall, and boil them v/ell in 
 
 * a Quart of white Wine. Then mix 
 
 * with them a good quantity cf 
 
 * Horfe-dung, newly made by a Horfe 
 
 * that is kept at Grafs, and work it 
 
 * up to a Salve, and ?.pp;y it hot to 
 
 * the Place Piaiiler-wife, and repeat it 
 ' every day, as long as you O^.al! think 
 ' there is occafion. It is an excellent 
 
 * Remedy.- 
 
 'Eor the nether Attaint. 
 
 Bind a ^izct of Fiileiing about the 
 Paftern-Joint pret' y hard, and that 
 will caule the Biifrer or Swelling to 
 appear the better; then with an Inci- 
 fion-Knife let out the corrupt Jelly, 
 fquetzing it out ; then wafn it with 
 Copper (is-H''ater:> and anoint it with 
 the s;reen Ointment. 
 
 The Method of Cure accord in": to 
 fbme old Farriers, is to drefs the ilbre 
 Place with a Plaifrer made of IVine- 
 Lees and Wheat-fionr^ laid hot to it, 
 or eife to clap a Piaifter or Searcloth 
 of black Soap and Bears-grenfe of e- 
 qual quantities, fcalding hot about the 
 fore place; or it' the Swelling will 
 not dilfoKe by any Salve, to draw 
 his Leg all downward with the Hair, 
 with a fine, thin hot drawing Iro;-;, 
 in many fmall Strikes from one end 
 of the Swelling to the other, and to 
 make the Strikes very thick together 
 D 4 an4 
 
AT (40 
 
 and fcmewhat deep, and then to a- • 
 noint the Burning 2 or 5 Days with • 
 Slack Soap,^nd then to turn theHorie ' 
 to grafs i but if he will not run at 
 grais, to give him fbme moderate • 
 Exercife. But the' this Burning takes ' 
 away the Swelling, yet the Seams of * 
 the Burning, wren they are cured * 
 will keep the Member big, as if it " 
 were ftill fwelled. * 
 
 Another way is to wafn the Leg < 
 with warm Water, then to fhave off ' 
 the Hair as fir as the Swelling reaches, * 
 snd to fcarific the Sore wirh the Point ' 
 of the Razor, that the Blood may ' 
 iflue forth, then having mixed half ' 
 an Ounce of Canthandes with half ' 
 an Ounce of Euphor Stum, and a quar- ' 
 tcr of a Pound of Soap, to ipread ' 
 this Ointment all over the Sore with 
 a Slice, and then to let him reft for 
 half an hour in the Place he was 
 drciled in; then fct him up in the 
 Stable, and let him ftand without 
 Litter, and tied up ib, that he may 
 not touch the Sore with his Mouth; 
 repeat this the fecond day, and the 
 third day anoint the place with frelli 
 Butter, and do this for 9 days; at the 
 end of which make him the follow- 
 ing Bathe: 
 
 ' Boil 3 Hardfuls of Mallows, one 
 
 * Handful of Sage, and a Rofe Cake, 
 
 * in a fufncient quantity of Beer, and 
 ' when the Mallotvs are foft, put in 
 
 * half a Pint of Sdlet-Oil, and half 
 
 * a Pound of Butter, and having 
 
 * warm'd it, every day wafh the fore 
 ^ Place, till it be whole. 
 
 ' Others cleave a Chicken or Pi- 
 ' geon, and clap it hot to the Swel- 
 
 * ling, and it will abate it ; or elfe 
 
 * mix Dialthea, Agr'sppa and Oil to- 
 
 * gether, and lay it to the Swelling. 
 
 ' Others take ^rankincenfe^ R?/in, 
 « Tar, Fenugreek, Eupkorbititn .and 
 « Turpentine, of each a quarter of an 
 ^ Ounce ; 3 quarters of an Ounce of 
 
 * 'Myrrhy 3 Ounces of IVax, of Suet 
 
 * and 0/7, of each an Ounces and 
 
 J 
 
 A T 
 
 having mixed 
 
 nd melted them to- 
 gether, lay it Plaifter-wiie to the 
 ' Sore till it be healed. 
 
 • Others take three quarters of an 
 ' Ounce of Sanguis Draconis , an 
 ' Ounce of 0/7, as much Bole-Armo- 
 ' niacky 3 Ounces of Maftick, and 5 
 ' Ounces o^ Suet, the Whites of half 
 
 * a dozen E-^gs, and three Ounces of 
 ' Stcine's-greafe ; and having mixed 
 ' and melted them together, lay it to 
 
 * the Swelling, and it will take it a- 
 ' way. Then rhey m.ake the Shoes 
 
 * of his hinder Feet fhorter than the 
 
 * Horn of his Toes by a quarter of 
 
 * an Inch, and let the Horn hang o- 
 
 * ver uncut away, and make the Fore- 
 
 * flioes no longer than the Heel j but 
 
 * rather iliortcr. 
 A 7iether Attaint, or Over-reach on 
 
 the T^^Jlern feints. 
 
 The nether Attaint, or Over-reach 
 on the midft. and in the hollow of 
 the Paftcrn Joint, is a little Bladder 
 full o'[ jelly, like unto a Wind-Gall; 
 and tho' U" be not apparent to the 
 Eye, yet it is eafy to be felt, and may 
 come as \vell by fome Wrench or 
 Strain, as by an Over-reach, and will 
 caufe a Horfe to halt much. 
 
 The chief difference between an 
 upper Attaint and a nether Attaint 
 is, that whereas the upper is upon 
 the Foot-lcck Joints, this is under 
 them, and is ufually upon the Heel 
 or Frufh. 
 
 The Signs are, the nether Joint to- 
 wards the Foot-lock will be very 
 hot, and fbmewhat fwelled, and the 
 little foft Bleb will eafily be felt. 
 
 In order for the Cure, fom.e roll 
 the Horfe with a fmall Cord fom.e- 
 what ftrait from the Knee to the ne- 
 ther joint, and then in the Paftern 
 between the Hoof and the Joint, 
 with a Fleam ftrike him in the midft 
 of his Swelling, and let out the Mat- 
 ter; then having beaten the White of 
 an Egg with Salt, dip Flax in it, and 
 lay it to the Swelling, and then un- 
 roll 
 
A T 
 
 (41 ) 
 
 A U 
 
 roll the Leg, and drefs it with this 
 S^Wc twice a day, till the Grief be 
 gone; but the Horfe mufl: not be 
 ridden nor laboured while he is un- 
 der Cure. 
 
 jin Attaint or Gver-reach on the 
 Heel. 
 This is when an Horr'e ftrikes the 
 Toe cf his hinder Shoe into his Heel, 
 juft upon the letting on of the Hoof j 
 but this Over-reach, if it be not ta- 
 ken care of, will fret and rankle fo 
 much inwardly, that it will endanger 
 the Hoof of the Horfe, and you may 
 commonly fee by the Cut, the Skin 
 hang over the Heel of the Horfe, 
 and It will caufe the Horfe to halt. 
 
 The way to cptre it is, firft to cut 
 away the Skin, and alfo the Hoot 
 and the Flefli, till the Sore is made 
 even and plain without any hollow- 
 nefs i then to walTi it very well wirh 
 Beer and Salt, and to bind on it Fiax 
 dipt in the White of an Egg, with a 
 little Bole-Armoniack, putting it on 
 frefh every day for 3 or 4 days, and 
 that will heal it. 
 
 ATTENUATING. 
 Attenuating Med'tc'mes are fuch as 
 dilute and render any Liquor thin and 
 fluid. 
 
 ATTRITION. 
 Attrition is fuch a Motion of Bo- 
 dies againft one another, as ftrikes off 
 
 fome fuperficial Particles, by which 
 means they wear lefs and lefs. 
 
 It is often made ufe of for the 
 Fridion, or rubbing fuch fupple Bo- 
 dies one againfc another, as will not 
 wear out; but occafions fome particu- 
 lar Determination of the Fluids they 
 contain; and thus the Senfations of 
 Hanger^ Pain or Pleafure, are oc- 
 caiioned by the Attritions of the 
 Organs fafliioned for fuch Impref- 
 fions. 
 
 A U B I N. 
 
 Atdin is a broken Going or V^ce 
 of a Horfe, between an Amble and a 
 Gallop, which is not efteemed. 
 A V E N S. 
 
 Avens, or Herb Bernet, is of a 
 drying and aRringent quality, and hv 
 a certain faline quality cleanfeth. The 
 Deco6^ion loofens the Belly, and is 
 good for Difeafes of the Chefi, and 
 inward Wounds, 
 
 A V E R T T. 
 
 Averti is a French Word us*d m 
 the Manage, as applied to the Pace 
 or Motion of a Horfe, and it figni- 
 fies a Motion that is enjoined, regu- 
 lated, and required in the LeiTons/and 
 fignifies the fame thing, as Fas ecou- 
 
 Pas d Ecolc, i. e. liftening 
 
 te and 
 Paces. 
 
 A U T O C O U. 
 
 AutocoM. See Araicor, 
 
 UUIL 
 
 i^ 
 
 B« 
 
 B A C K. 
 
 T T is iaid of a Horfe, he has VI- 
 X gour in liis Back ; he goes upon 
 his Fillets, he has good Loins. 
 
 A Horfe that works in the Ma- 
 nage upon his Loins, lowers his Hips 
 and his Neck, and raifes hJs Fillets, 
 
 A Horfe which his a v/eak Back, 
 is apt to ftumble. Such a Horfe de- 
 fends himfelfwith his Back, he leaps 
 and plays with his Fillets, and dou- 
 bles his Reins to incommode the Ri- 
 der, 
 
 To 
 
B A (42 
 
 To mount a Hcrfe, a-dos, is to 
 mount his bare Back, or without a ' 
 Saddle. 
 
 In buying a Horfe, look on the * 
 Chine of his Back, that it be broad, * 
 even and freight, his Ribs well com- * 
 palTed and bending outward, his Fil- 
 lets upright, llrong and iliort, and 
 not above a hand's breadth between 
 his laft Rib and his Huckle-bone. If 
 his Chine is narrow, he will never 
 carry a Saddle without wounding ; 
 and if it be bending or iaddie-back'd, 
 it fhows weaknefs. 
 
 If his Ribs are flat, there is not 
 liberty for Wind. 
 
 BACKING. 
 
 Backinz. See Coli. 
 
 ) 
 
 B A 
 
 JFor a Svpell'mg on a Horfe's Back 
 cccafio-ned by a bad Saddle. 
 SolUyfell recommends the follow- 
 ing RcitricHve, to repel and take it 
 away. 
 
 According to the largenefs oF the 
 Swelling, ' Take as many V/httes of 
 
 * Eggs as you fhall judge fuflicient, 
 
 * put them into a large Plate, and 
 
 * beat them with a pretty large piece 
 
 * of Allutn, till you raifc from them 
 
 * a ftrong thick Froth, v^hich may 
 ' be dene in about a quarter of an 
 
 * hour, then chafe the Swelling well 
 ' with this ftrong thick Froth, and 
 « lay as much of it on, as you can 
 
 * caufe it to imbibe, and leave it till 
 
 * the next Morning, and by that 
 « time, the Swelling will certainly 
 « be repelled and falling. 
 
 Another Remedy. 
 * Rub and chafe the Swelling very 
 ^ hard with good Bramiy,or Sprit of 
 
 * Wine, which is better ; when the 
 
 * part has been well foaked with it, 
 
 * iet fire to what Brandy, ^c. re- 
 « mains upon it with a piece of light- 
 
 * ed Paper, and when the fire has 
 •^ gone out of its own accord, the 
 I Swelling will alfo difappear. 
 
 ' Or after you have chafed it with 
 ' Brandy as before, rub it over with 
 ' black Soap to occafion a Frorb, and 
 
 * let it dry on the Swelling, and it 
 
 * will reilrisfl it, if there be no Mat- 
 
 * ter in it. 
 If black Soap cannot be gotten, the 
 
 more common may be ukd inilcad 
 of it. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Beat the White of an Egg to an 
 
 * Oil> then take Bole-Armoniack fine- 
 ' ly powdered, and Honey and Flour, 
 ' and mix them wich the Oil, well 
 
 * togetiierj and having fpread it on 
 ' thin Leather, lay it over the galled 
 
 * place, and it will not come off un- 
 
 * til it is well. E. R. 
 
 Another. 
 ' Eoil Soap in a few Spoonfuls of 
 ' Aqtia Vit£, and anoint the place 
 
 * with it, as hot as it can well be 
 
 * apply'd to the Swelling, and it will 
 
 * take it down ; the fame will Loam 
 
 * do, boiled in Vinegar to a Poultice, 
 
 * and apply'd hot to the place. 
 
 A?iOther. 
 
 * Mix Chim.ney Soot with Cream 
 
 * till it become a Salve, fpread a Plai- 
 ' fler of it, and lay it to the Gall or 
 
 * Swelling, and it will cure it. E. R. 
 
 Another. 
 ' Cut a Slice of a Wheaten Loaf, 
 
 * toaft it well, then fpread it with 
 ' Honey on both lines; prick it full 
 ' of holes, then toaft it again till the 
 ' Honey is well foaked in, and the 
 ' Toaft is become dry ; then put it 
 
 * into a Mortar, and beat it to Pow- 
 
 * der, and flrew it upon the galled 
 
 * place, and it vnW dry it up in a 
 ' imall lime. 
 
 Another. 
 
 ' Anoint a galled or fwelled Back 
 
 ' with Oil of Turpentine with a Fea- 
 
 ^ ther every Morning, and it will 
 
 ' heal it up, if g^il'd; iink it, or break 
 
 * ity if fvvclled. 
 
 For 
 
B A 
 
 (43 ) 
 
 B A 
 
 Tor a galled B^ck. 
 
 * Take three parts of Sheep's-dung, 
 and one part of Rye- flour, dry the 
 Fioar, and mix it well with the 
 Shecp's-dung, kneading it to aPaHe, 
 make it into a Oke and bake it, 
 and apply the Powder warm to the 
 place, and it will h.al it; or anoint 
 it with Turpentine and Verdegreafe 
 mixed together, being fird finely 
 powdered. Thele are good aifo for 
 an interfering or fliackle Gall. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Boil Salt and Water together very 
 well, wafli the place with it: Then 
 ilivW on the place Pepper finely 
 powdered, and it will heal it in a 
 flioit time. 
 
 Another. 
 ^ Wafh the Leaves of Arfe-ffnart^ 
 and lay them over the place, and 
 iF he ftands in the Stable, put the- 
 Water of the Leaves upon it ; but 
 if you put only the Leaves, you 
 may ride the Horie every ild^yy and 
 it will heal very fall. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Beat the Yolk of an E7g with live 
 Hcney ard the Juice of Celandine, 
 of each 2 Spoonfuls, and as much 
 Alliim and IV he At fioar as will bring 
 it to a Salve; drefs the Sore with 
 this once a day, and it will draw 
 and heal it. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take VKofm and common V itchy 
 of each three quarters of a Pound; 
 Mafiick and Incenfe, of each two 
 Ounces ; Eole-Armoniad^ Calba- 
 num and Turpentine y of each fix 
 Ounces : Melt and incorporate all 
 thcfe well together over a gentle 
 Fire, and as rhey begin to cool 
 make them up into Roils, and wiien 
 it is to be ufed, fpread it pretty 
 thin upon Leather or Cloth j but 
 if you would ufe it without Cloth 
 or Leather, to any outward Part 
 
 ; th^t is not broken^ you may lay it 
 
 * on thicker than you do on the Plai- 
 
 * fters, and while it is warm, clap 
 « Flocks of the Colour of the Horle 
 
 * on it. This is accounted a moft 
 
 * excellent def^nfe'-ive Plaifter for 
 
 * ftaying and drying up all ill Ha- 
 
 * raouis, and alfa very Ibvereign for 
 
 * alTuaging all S'.^'cllings. 
 SWAYING OF THE BACK. 
 
 Definition'] A fvpaying in the B^.ck 
 of a Horfc, is a Pain and Weaknef^ 
 in the Pvcins, caufed by a Fall, or the 
 carrying ibme heavy Burden, or fome 
 other violent Accident, And is pro- 
 perly to be underftood a Stretching 
 and Relaxation of the Mufclcs, and 
 Ligaments of thole Parts, and when 
 the Hurt is more inward, the Mala- 
 dy muft then confifl: in the ftreich- 
 ing of the Blood- Vefifels, (^c. And 
 when a Horfe is hurt inwardly, it 
 brings him into the greatefi: Diiordei-s 
 imaginable. And in a'l fuch cales, a 
 Horfe fliould be treated as if his hurt 
 was both inward and outward, as 
 there is a conlliant Sympathy between 
 both. 
 
 A Horle's Back may be [rociy\l or 
 flrain'd as dangeroudy by a F:fl in 
 riding, as \x the Horie had fal'en from 
 a high P.'ace ^ for when the Liga- 
 ments that keep the Bones firm are 
 flrctched or relaxed, the ftrength of 
 the Back is quite deflroy'd. 
 
 The fureft Sign of- a Horfe being 
 froay^d in the Back, is when he can- 
 not niove backward, efpecially in go- 
 ing up a fteep Place; by reaf^i of 
 the Weaknefs of his Back and the 
 Pain that he feels. 
 
 As to a Horfe being broken back'd 
 in the Senfe that the Fairier? mean, 
 Mr. Snape's Opinion is, that there is 
 no fuch thing; for if it were fo,the 
 Horfe could not furvive it m.any Mi- 
 nutes. 
 
 It is not probable, that the Spines 
 orProcefTes of the Back-bones fliould 
 be often broken, unlefs it be a very 
 poor, lean Horfe; becaule thefc are 
 
 for 
 
B A 
 
 (44) 
 
 B A 
 
 for the moft: part very well guarded 
 by the thick Mufcles of the Back. 
 
 The Cure. In order to cure a Horfc 
 of a fvpayd Back, and jirains of the 
 Hips, you muft bleed him plentifully 
 in the Neck, and then apply the cold 
 Charge and other Remedies that are 
 prefcribed for the ^.houUei% Wrench^ 
 Pifrht and Pl^te. (which fee in Let- 
 ter S) and inwardly thofe things that 
 are proper to promote Sweat 5 if the 
 common Remedies fail, he may be 
 fw eared in a Dunghil as Mr. Snape 
 advifes. He recommends an opening 
 Diet, and all imaginable endeavours 
 to prevent a Fever. 
 
 To gird him pretry tight about his 
 Reins, but not lb as to hinder the 
 Motion of his Flanks ; and he ought 
 to be hung up, or kept in a fteady 
 Poilure. 
 
 Bur if the Weaknefs continues, 
 then you may proceed to the Fire, 
 which is to be done by piercing the 
 Skin en the Mufcles, which lie on 
 each fide of the Spine, taking all pof- 
 fible care to avoid burning the Horfe 
 near the Flanks; becauie that will be 
 apt to caufe a violent Swelling in 
 the Shcarh, which would very readU 
 ]y bring on a Fever. 
 
 The Signs of this Injury, are a 
 continual reeling and roliir^g of the 
 !Horfe\s hinder Parrs in his going, 
 and a frequent taultering and fway- 
 sng. fomerirncs backwards and fome- 
 rimes lide-long, (b as to be ready ^o 
 fall to the Ground ; and alio when 
 the Horfe is laid, he gets not up a- 
 giin without a great deal of difE- 
 culty. 
 
 The Italim Farriers formerly took 
 this Method of Cure. ' They took 
 
 * 2 Ounces of the Fat of the Fruit 
 
 * of the Pine-tree, 3 Ounces of Oli- 
 
 * byfhumy an Ounce of Bole- Anno- 
 
 * m.-ck i Roj'm and Pisch, of each four 
 
 * Ounces 5 of Sanguis Draconis half 
 « an Ounce; Thele being all incor- 
 
 * porated together^ they laid it Piai- 
 
 ' fler-wife all over the Reins of the 
 ' Horie's Back, and never took it off 
 * till it fell off. The fame is recom- 
 mended by the befi: modern Authors. 
 The Farriers of our own Coun- 
 try, cover firft the Back of the Horfe 
 with a Sheep's-skin, taken hot from 
 the Back of a Sheep, and applied im- 
 media ely, the flefhy i]dc next to the 
 Back, laying a warm houfing Cloth 
 on the Skin, to keep the Horfe's 
 Back as hot as may be, letting it lie 
 till it begins to fmell; then they put 
 on a frefli one as before, repeating it 
 for 5 V/ecks. Bat if the Horfe does 
 not appear to mend with this, then 
 they draw his Back with a hot Iron, 
 right our on both fides of the ridge 
 of it, from the Pitch of the Buttock 
 to v/ithin a hands-brcadrh of the Sad- 
 die ; and then again overthwart, at 
 an Inch diftance one from the o- 
 ther i but ihey do not make the 
 ftroke deep, nor burned any more 
 than that every one may look yel- 
 low. Then they lay the following 
 Plaiftei- on the Burning: 
 
 ' Take of Pitch a Pound, of Rofen 
 
 * half a Pound, of Bole-Armomack 
 
 * half a Pound, make it into Pow- 
 
 * der; boil all in half a Pint of Tar, 
 ' ftirring it till all is melted, and 
 
 * throughly mingled; kt it be only 
 
 * lukewarm, rhen daub the Burning 
 « all over with it very th^ck,and then 
 
 * clap on as many Flocks of the Co- 
 
 * lour of the Horie, as can be made 
 
 * to keep on, which are not to be 
 < taken away, but fuffered to fall off 
 « of themfelves,and if ir be Summer 
 ^ time, the Horfe may be turned to 
 
 * Grafs. 
 
 ^or a. Back fxoankt in the Fillet of 
 
 the Loin : Or for a Wrench, 
 In the Back-bone about the Navel 
 place : Or for a Strain in the Kidneys 
 by being over-burthened in the Hin- 
 der-parts, or overflrained in the Kid-« 
 neys in Race- running. 
 
 Fc: 
 
B A 
 
 For any oF thefe Ailments 
 recommend to apply a hot Sheep's- 
 skin jufl: flea'd off a? before dircfted, 
 from the Horie's Rump to the midft 
 of his Back-bone, if it will reach Co 
 far, and to let it lie on 24, hours, 
 which will be fufficient, if the Hurt 
 be not great ; but if it be not enough, 
 to repeat it the fccond time, which 
 they fay will be fufficient, if the Grief 
 be never fo great, with the help of 
 the following Drink. 
 
 This will make the Horfe fweat 
 very much, and will draw out all 
 the Bruife, and ftrengthen his Back 
 in a fnort time. 
 
 But if a Horfe is fo weak that he 
 cannot (hnd or go, then they advile 
 to take a Sack or two and Ropes, 
 and to throw them over a Balk, and 
 to hang him for 9 or 10 Days, ap- 
 plying two hot Sheep-skins as before 
 direded, and no more. And while 
 the Cuie is performing, if it be a 
 great Strain, to give him the follow- 
 ing Drink. But it it be not great, it 
 will do him a great deal of Good. 
 
 * Take 3 Ounces of the Roots of 
 
 * Solomon's 5^^/, 4 Ounces of Polypody 
 ' of the Oak, of Wood Betony two 
 
 * Handful", or Garden Betony, if the 
 ' former cannot be had; cut it fmall, 
 
 * and if the Roots be green, llice 
 
 * them thin, if dry, pound them to 
 
 * Powder; boil them in a Gallon or 
 
 * better of ftrong Beer, till half is 
 
 * boiled away; when it is taken off 
 
 * the Fire, put in a quarter of a 
 
 * Pound of Honey, and a quarter of a 
 
 * Pound of Butter, give this to the 
 
 * Horle in a Morning falling 3 times 
 
 * every third day, letting him have 
 
 * all his Water he drinks warm, du- 
 
 * ring that time with a Handful of 
 
 * Bran in it. The Dofe may be a 
 
 * Quart at a time, and lee him f!and 
 
 * in the time of Cure. If Solomon's 
 
 * Seal cannot be had, the other things 
 
 * may do without it. You may alio 
 ' add to this Drink, Clary, Comfrey 
 
 ( 45- ) B A 
 
 fome * and Venny-royaU they being all knit-* 
 
 * ting and ftrengthenmg Htrbs. 
 For a Wrench in the Back, fbme 
 
 advife to fiiave of the Hair; but then 
 to take care not to Jay the Charge 
 on too hot. 
 
 * Take of the Horfe's Blood, Com- 
 
 * frey^ Sal-Armoniack , Bole-Armo" 
 
 * ntack, GaUanum, Majlick, Oliba- 
 ' num, Burgundy Fitch, Sanguis Dr a- 
 
 * conis, of each alike quantities, and 
 
 * pound them well together with 
 ' Wheat-mealy the White of an Egg 
 
 * and Vinegar, and lay it upon the 
 
 * Part aggrieved. Then clap on a 
 ' hot newly fiea'd off Sheep -skin as 
 
 * before direfted, all along the Ghine 
 
 * and Back, and to change it every 
 ' day, and in 5 or 4 Days it will be 
 
 * well. But the Charge muft lie on 
 
 * till it fall offof it feif. 
 ' It is alfb good to bathe his Back 
 
 ' with Branay well warmed, and 
 
 * mixed with the Powder of Bole- 
 
 * Armoniack. 
 If a Horfe be naturally weak in 
 
 the Back, or fway'd in the Back, thefe 
 two Difeales will not be abfblutely 
 cured ; but if you make a Charge of 
 Ccletoorts boii'd in Salle t -Oil and 
 Bean-r/?eal, and apply to it, it will 
 ftrengthcn it. 
 
 For a Back fwankt in the Fillets 
 or Loin, others recommend I/ing- 
 glafs boil'd in Milk, with a little Bole* 
 Armoniuk, being given for feveral 
 Mornings together, as very good, be- 
 ing a great Strengthener. 
 
 But Balls are the eafiefl and mofl 
 familiar way to cure thefe Diftem- 
 pers, which Balls are to be made as 
 follows : 
 
 ' Take common Turpentine and 
 
 * EngliJJj Liquorice powdered, and 
 
 * give him about the quantity of z 
 
 * Ounces of them for about a Fort- 
 
 * night together; and at the fame 
 ' time, apply a Plaifler of Oxicro- 
 
 * ceum and Faracelfui melted toge- 
 
 * therj ot each an eqi^l qu?antity to 
 
B A ( 46 ) 
 
 ' his Back. If the Qxkroceum be 
 
 * the larger quantity it will be the 
 
 * better 5 it fhould be fpread upon 
 
 * Sheep's-Jeather, and being laid on 
 
 * the Part aggrieved, fliculd not be 
 
 * taken cfl, but be let alone till it fall 
 
 * off. Or it you have a mind, you 
 ' may renew this Charge again at 
 
 * the Fortnights end. 
 
 This is a very excellent Plaifter 
 for a Back'Jimw Strain in the Foot- 
 lock Joint, and indeed in all manner 
 oF Strams v/hatibever. 
 
 Others advi/e immediately to bleed 
 the Horle in the Neck-Vems, and to 
 take away about two Pounds of 
 Blood, and to chafe his Back with 
 the Hand, till it grow warm, then 
 to apply two large Cupping-glafTes 
 one on each fide, in the Place that 
 he feems to be mod fenhble of Pain, 
 3rd to fcarifie the Part about the 
 Cupping'glalTes to let out the cxrra- 
 vafated Blood, and to recal the natu- 
 
 B A 
 
 Back wiiih a Bath oFproper Herb?^ 
 •fuch as is defer ib'd for battered and 
 decay'd Legs, applying two warm 
 Napkins, moifiened in the Decoc* 
 tion, and repeat the Bath and Fo- 
 mentation 6 times, that is, once a 
 day for 6 days. 
 
 ral Heat, to prevent the flowing of 
 the Humours, and to extinguifh the 
 extraneous Heat, that the Hurt has 
 cauicd. Then ei'her to put the Horfe 
 in a Frame, and hang him up, or if 
 ycu have no Frame, to indole him 
 with Grates in a Stable, £0 that he 
 may not be able to move his Body ; 
 kccring hira in this Pofture for 5- or 
 6 Weeks. 
 
 * To take Spirit of Wiae and Oil 
 
 * of Turpentine, of each an equal 
 
 * quantity, and to fhake them toge- 
 
 * ther in a Glafs Vial till they grow 
 ' white as Milkj and to anoint the 
 
 * Horle's Back with it, rubbing it 
 ' well in with the Hand. After- 
 
 * wards to apply the Red Honey 
 
 * Charge, laying it on hot, adding 
 ' halt an Ounce of Galls at every Ap- 
 
 * plication. Repeat this, every time 
 
 * applying a frefh Charge, without 
 
 * taking away the old. The Opera- 
 
 * tion of the Remedy will make the 
 
 * Back fwelli therefore this ought 
 ' not to furprize you, then wafli the 
 
 The Deco^icn. ' Boil fix fu 
 Puppies in Lees of Claret, 
 
 :ing 
 
 the 
 
 Flefh be feparated from the Bones; 
 
 ' then put in Mallores, MarjJj-Md- 
 
 * lotos, White Mullein, Shepherd's- 
 ' purfe, Camomde, Tarrciv, Melilot, 
 
 * St. Joh-as-wort, Hyjfop, Rofcmary, 
 
 * S/ige, Tr.yme^ Marjoram, Lavender^ 
 ' French Tobacco, or fo many of the 
 ' forts as you can conveniently get. 
 
 * Let thefe all bojl for about 5 hours, 
 
 * ever and anon pouring in more 
 
 * Lees, as they boil away; then ha- 
 
 * ving taken the Veflcl off the Fire, 
 ' add Oil of Linfeedsy Lillies and 
 
 * lVoro':s, of each fix Ounces; two 
 ' Pounds of Honey, and one Pound of 
 ' common Turpentir.e. Let thefe be 
 
 * all well mix'd and incorporated be- 
 ' fore the Matter grows cold, and 
 
 * ufe it as before directed.' This 
 may alfb be prepared as follows, 
 which is more Methodical. That is, 
 ^ Take the Vefiel off from the Fire, 
 
 * as fbon as the Puppies are boil'd to 
 ' a Mafii, and after it has flood a lit- 
 ' tie to cool, ftir it and beat it in a 
 
 * Mortar, and drain it through a 
 ' Sieve, throwing away the Dregs; 
 ' then put that which paffcd through 
 ' the Sieve, into the remaining Lees 
 ' in the Kettle, and boil it, and then 
 
 * put in the Honey and the Turpen- 
 ' tine, and afterwards the three Oil.-, 
 
 * till the Lees are wholly conilimed; 
 » then take it off, and apply it warm 
 
 * to the Part aggrieved. 
 
 As for the Bath, prepare it as fol- 
 lows; ' Bcfidcs the Herbs mentioned 
 ' in the laft Receipt, add Violet Leaves, 
 ' Merairy, Beets, Mint, Brank-urjlny 
 
 * Pellitcry of the Wall, Mug-n-'ort, 
 
 * R^.Cf lVorm-woo4ifaurs-Bstony,Covff- 
 
 ^JI>ps 
 
B A 
 
 (47) 
 
 B A 
 
 * flips with the Flower?, Dill-tops^ 
 
 * Bay-berries, y-unipsr- berries , and 
 
 * Ground Ivy. Boil a Kettle full of 
 
 * thefe Herbs in Lees oF Claret, and 
 < when it is taken off the Fire, add 
 ' 3 Pounds of common Honey, and 
 
 * ule it warm. 
 
 This, the Author iays, h the true 
 way of applying outward Remedies j 
 but thofe that cannot conveniently 
 make a Honey Charge, may apply the 
 Ointment of MontpelUer, for 2 or 3 
 days together, after they have chaf d 
 the Horfe's Back with the Mixture 
 of Oil of Turpentine and Spirit of 
 Wine, and after the Ointment may 
 make uie of the Baths and Fomenta- 
 tions above-mentioned. 
 
 When this is done, if the Horfe 
 void Blood at the Mouth and Nofe, 
 then he ought to have an Anodyne 
 GlyJIer daily for the firft 4 days, and 
 after that once in 2 day?, and at laft 
 every 3 days, and alio the following 
 Potion : 
 
 * Sal Tolychrejl an Ounce, ytmi- 
 ' per-berries beaten, an Ounce ; or of 
 
 * the Cordial-poTpder, once every 2 
 
 * days for 8 days together, in a Pint 
 
 * of F^ed-Tvine. 
 
 This will difToK^e and expel the 
 clotted and extravafatcd Blood and 
 refifi the Corruption of Humouvs, 
 loofen the Belly oF the Horfe, and 
 take away the preternatural f-^eir fhat 
 is the caufe of all thefe Dforders. 
 
 The Anodyr.e Gly/ler above-men- 
 tion'd, is as follows ; 
 
 ' Take Mallows and Violet Leaves, 
 
 * of each 3 Handfuls, Oi Lin feed hc2i- 
 
 * ten, one Handful? Milk an.i Tripe- 
 
 * broth, of each a Quart, or 2 QaaVts 
 
 * of either of them, if one of them 
 
 * cannot be had : Let them boil for 
 
 * half an hour, and then put in Ca- 
 
 * mojvMe and Melilot-flowers, of each 
 ' an Handful. Having (trained out 
 
 * the Liquor, put to it the Xolhs of 
 ' 6 Eggs, half a Pound ofO/ZofKc- 
 
 * fesj and half a Pound of Turpe-ntine 
 
 * diflblved in Yolks of E?gs, that if 
 ' may not grow hard. When thefe 
 
 * are miix'd, and the Horfe's Funda- 
 
 * ment has been raked jinjedt the Gly- 
 
 * fter lukewarm. 
 
 * The next day you may give the 
 
 * Glyfter of the warm Biood of a 
 « Caifor Sheep Thus, 
 
 ' Cut the Neck of the Calf or 
 ' Sheep, and receive its Blood into a 
 ' Pipe, which muft be heated, to 
 
 * prevent th'* Diffipation of the Spi- 
 
 * rirs, and the co-;ling of the Blood. 
 
 * Then injeft thiy Biood warm and 
 ' pure v/irhout any Mixture, into the 
 ' Horfe's Fundament, bv way of Gly- 
 ' fter. This will moiften and temper 
 ' the great Gut, and Nature makes 
 
 * fo good ule of it, that it is feldom 
 < or never ejefted, till the ufual time 
 
 * of dunging, when it appears clot- 
 
 * led among the Excrements. This 
 ' may be repeated every 12 hours, 
 ' and you need not give him any o- 
 
 * ther Glyfter but this, which he fays, 
 ' is richly vvorth a dozen. 
 
 Another Potion. 
 
 If the former Potion has not the 
 Eifedl deiired, then you m.ay bleed 
 the Horfe again, and give him this 
 thar 'ollows: 
 
 ' Half a Pint of common Oil, an 
 ' Ounce of the ^eeds of Creps pow- 
 
 * dered ; and if it be a large Horfe, 
 
 * an Ounce and a halfj Bole-Armo- 
 
 * niack and Mummy, of each half an 
 ' Ounce : Make a Potion of thefe 
 
 * Ligredienrs, and give it the Horfe 
 
 * as you perceive the Strain of his 
 ' Back; and alfb apply the Oils and 
 
 * Ointment of MontpelUer, adding to 
 
 * them Powder o^ Gaits, and atter- 
 
 * wards bathe and foment as before 
 ' dircaed. 
 
 Obferve, That the Votions are not 
 neccfTary for all Strains in the Back 5 
 but only when there is a Vein bro- 
 ken within rhe Body of the Horfe: 
 And that w,vf be known by the 
 Horfe's voiding Blood at the Mouth 
 
 or 
 
B A C 48 ) 
 
 "or Nofe. But if there be no appear- 
 ance of any Ruprure of a Vein, it 
 will be f- indent for the Cure to ap- 
 ply the Mixture of Turpentine and 
 Brandy, a oood Red Honey Charge, 
 or thf Ointntent of Montpelier. 
 
 But a!tho' in 'his Cafe Potions are 
 rot abfolutely neccHary, yet probably 
 the giving the Horfe one before you 
 proceed \o the Application of exter- 
 nal Remedies may haften the Cure. 
 
 And tho' the Cure miav be per- 
 formed, without the Horfes being 
 hung up from the Ground ^ yet care 
 mufi be taken to fix him in fuch a 
 Podure, that he may neither be able 
 to lie down, or ftir his Body for the 
 ipace o\ a Month. 
 
 And note, That whereas fbme do 
 in the Summer time pretend to cure 
 a Strain in a Horfe's Back, by ma- 
 king him fwim: This will not do in 
 vicieor Stains. 
 
 Alter a Hor{c is recovered, he muft 
 not be rid immediately, for the lead: 
 Exercre will bring him into a worfe 
 Condition than he was before. There- 
 fore he If.ou d he walk'd to Water for 
 a Month, after the Cure of a violent 
 Strain, and lels time in proportion 
 to the greamrfs of rhe Strains, and 
 every day whr n he ref urns from ^''^alk- 
 ing, you fl ou:d chafs his Back with 
 good Brandy or Spirit of Wine. 
 
 If the Methods before-mentioned 
 do not cfFc6l the Cure, then you 
 muft feparate the Skin from th:; FleOi 
 on the Reins or lower part of the 
 Back that is behind the Saddle. 
 
 There muft be 2 or 3 Indfions 
 made on each lide with a large Iron 
 Slice, and the Skin muft be feparated 
 about rhe breadth of lix Inches on 
 each fide the Back-bone, to the Hip- 
 bone. Then the holes muft be ftopp'd 
 with Slices of Hog's-lard of the thick- 
 nefs of a halt Crown, and the length 
 and breadth of 2 or 3 Fingers, to 
 prevent the Skin from growing to 
 the Flefti. 
 
 B A 
 
 Then the Skin v/hich is feparated 
 muft he rubb'd with an Ointment 
 made up of Populeum, and the Oint- 
 ment of Marfti- Mallows in equal 
 quantities, and the whole part co- 
 vered with a Lamb's-skin, the wool- 
 ly lide inwards, and a Saddle-cloth 
 muft be laid over that. 
 
 Then the Horfe muft be hung up, 
 or fixed in fiich a Pofture, that he 
 may not be able to ftir, and at Night 
 ycu muft give him a GlyRer of Sal 
 FolychreJiiGvery night for S nights one 
 after another, and in the mean time, 
 every day he m.uft have an Ounce of 
 u^jjA-fcetiJii powdered, given him at 
 the Mouth in a Pint of Wine. 
 
 In 48 hours you fhould uncover 
 the fore Place, and you will find it 
 very much fwoilen in order to a Cure. 
 Then take out the Slices of LarJy^ind 
 prefs out the red Water and Matter 
 from the Sore, and put in frefti Slices 
 of Lard, and chafe the whole with 
 an Ointment compos'd of Populeum 
 and the Ointment oi' Mar/Jj-MalloTvs. 
 Then cover it up again, and drefs it 
 after the fame manner every 4,8 hours 
 for the fpace of 1 2 days, after which 
 time put in no Slices of Lardj but 
 drefs it with the Duke's Ointment 
 alone, keeping it covered, and dref^ 
 fing it every day, till the Skin is a- 
 gain united to the Flefti, and the 
 Sores are healed. And after you have 
 left off the Slices of Lard for i o days, 
 take away the Lamb's-skin 5 for by 
 that time the Cure ought to be corn- 
 pleated ; but the Horie muft not he 
 permitted to ftir for 10 days longer, 
 or for 32 days after the beginning 
 of the Cure. After which time he 
 may be walked a Jittle, and if you 
 perceive he halts, ride him not to 
 Water 5 but lead him, accuftoming 
 him to travel by degrees. 
 
 Or if you pleafe, you may give 
 hiin the Fire with a red hot Iron, 
 
 inftead of feparating the Skin ,• ma- 
 
 king holes all over the fame part, at 
 
 an 
 
B A ( 49 ) 
 
 an Inch di^^ant one from the ether. 
 Then lay on a good Plaiiler, and i 
 Sheets of Paper over that. Then 
 either hang up the Korfe, or fix him 
 fo, that he mav not be able to ftir 
 for a Month: When the Scabs fall 
 
 B A 
 
 oif, voii fhould drefs the Sore wirh 
 the Duke's Ointment, and proceed as 
 before directed. 
 
 Thefe are the lafi: Remedies ; and 
 vhereas fome prefer the 'atter before 
 the former J ic is Sir William Hope's 
 Opinion, they are equally jpood, if 
 the Operation be performed as it 
 ou<jht to be.* The' indeed the latter 
 is the mod ealy. 
 To kno-{0 rohen the B^ch-fneTOi are 
 good and found. 
 
 Pafs the Hand all along the J^c.ch- 
 jme-vo of the Fore- leg: from the bend- 
 ing o{- the Knee to the Paflern 
 Joint, and obferve whether the Si- 
 new be large, firm and detach'd, or 
 v^ell fepara'^e from the Bone; and if 
 in pafijng the Hand along yoa fiiid 
 no hardnefs which rtops the Hand ; 
 if between the Back-linew and the 
 Bone, you meet with no moveable 
 kind of Jdi'/, which flips hom be- 
 neath your Fingers as you are palling 
 them along ; for wha'-foevcr hinders, 
 or is- an Impediment to the Motion 
 of the Backjinews is more or leis 
 prejudicial to the Korfe, according to 
 the quantity there is of itj and the 
 greater diflance there is between the 
 Sinew and the Bone, the broader the 
 Leg will be, which is v/hat is look'd 
 for; becaufe thofe Legs which are 
 broadcff and flatted:, are according to 
 the Opinion of the moft skilful al- 
 ways the befi ; now to xhave a broad 
 and flat Leg, is to have the Back- 
 fmew well feparated, and at a pretty 
 good dillance from the Shank-bone. 
 
 But there arc fbme Horfes, which 
 tho' they have the BMh-/inerPs of 
 their Fore-legs fomewhat feparate 
 frgm the Bones, yet their Sinews are 
 fo fmall and fo 'little detach'd, that 
 
 the Legs becom.e round with a very 
 ordinary labour and fatigue; fo that 
 how little humour foever falls down 
 upon them, yet if it fettle and grow 
 hard there, the Legs imimediately be- 
 come round with it ; but when the 
 Sinews are very well feparate from 
 the Bones, it is not fo. 
 
 Therefore thofe Legs, the Bach-J7- 
 ne-x>s of Vv'-hich are only a very little 
 feparate from the Bones, altho' they 
 be really detach'd, are called Veal or 
 Ox-legs^ becaufe their Sinews are al- 
 ^vays too fmall in Proportion to the 
 bignefs of the P^efl of the Leg, ©r 
 Shank-bone. 
 
 The next thing you ought to ob- 
 ferve, \s whethtr the Back-finew does 
 not as it were quite fail, jufl: beneath 
 the Ply or bending of the Knee: This 
 may be known, in that the great: 
 Back-Jmerv, which makes the whole 
 Motion of the Leg, diminiflies con- 
 fiderably of its bignefs, jufl: beneath 
 the bending of the Knee : For al- 
 though in the mofc Legs the Back^ 
 finevo be large, and otherwife firm, 
 that is to fay, all along the Back-fide 
 of the Fore-thigh, yet it always falls 
 a liLtle fmaller beneath the Ply or 
 bending of the Knee; but in lome, 
 that fmalnefs is too much to an Ex- 
 treme. 
 
 And indeed the Back-finevffs ought 
 not to be fo big near to the bending 
 of the Knee, as it is in the middle of 
 the Shank ; but in fe)me Horfes it di- 
 minifhes fo extraordinarily, that ia 
 that place it is no bigger than one's 
 Thumb ; or elfe it is fo fixed to the 
 Bone, that it appears but very little.* 
 This Im.perfeffion, tho' it be taken 
 Notice of but by few People, yet it: 
 very confiderably impairs tlie flrength 
 of a Horfe's Leg, and thofe Hories 
 that have their Back-finews Co very 
 fmall near to the Ply or bending of 
 the Knee, are very fubje6t to flum- 
 ble, or at leaft to trip and llrike with 
 their Toes againil the Stones. 
 
 E Mr.. 
 
B A 
 
 (^o) 
 
 B A 
 
 Mr. Markham's Mafier Medicine for 
 a Back-j.nevs) btrahi, 
 
 • Flea and bowel a fat fucking 
 
 * Maflif IVhelp, then fill the Body as 
 
 * full as it will hold with 6~«/f;7^, both 
 
 * grey and black one?, and afterwards 
 
 * roaft it at a moderate Fire 5 and 
 
 * when it begins to be warm, bafte 
 
 * it with 6 Ounces of Oil of Spike, 
 
 * ting'd yellow with Saffron, and 6 
 
 * Ounces of Oil of Wax: Save the 
 « Dropings, and keep all the Moif- 
 ' ture that falls from if, whilft one 
 
 * Drop will fall, for ufe. 
 
 ' Anoint the Strain with this, and 
 
 * work it in very hot, holding a hot 
 
 * Fire-fliovel over itj let this be done 
 
 * daily, Morning and Evening, till 
 ' you perceive an Amendment. 
 
 Another for the fa.me in the nature 
 of a charge. 
 
 * Boil a quarter of a Peck of Glo- 
 « vers Specks in 5- Quarts of Ale, till 
 
 * it comes to one Quart, and apply 
 
 * it hot to the Grief, and remove it 
 
 * not for j- or 6 days. 
 
 BACON. 
 The chief Ufe of Bacon as to Hor- 
 des, is in giving the Fire, by laying 
 it over the Part to be feared ; by 
 means of which the Efficacies of the 
 Fire may be communicated without 
 burning the Skin ; and that in fbme 
 Cafes i? very neceflary. The Rind is 
 chiefly made ufe of 
 
 BALAUSTINES. 
 Balaufiines are the Flowers of 
 pomegranates. They are very rough 
 and afti ingent. and therefore are made 
 ufe of in many Compofitions to flop 
 'Fluxes and bdimorrhages. 
 MARKHAM's HORSE BALLS. 
 * TdkcAnnifeeds, Carthamtn, Cum- 
 
 * min-feeds, Elicampane, Flour of 
 
 * Brimftone, Brown Sugar Candy and 
 
 * Fenugreek^ of each a quarter of a 
 
 * Pound, beaten and very finely 
 
 * fearced ; then diffolve 2 Ounces of 
 
 * the Juice of Liquorice in a Pint of 
 
 * White- wine 3 then take 6 Ounces of 
 
 ' Syrup of Colts- foot, Salle t -Oil and 
 ' live Honey, of each a Pinr, and 
 ' mix all with the foimcr Powders, 
 ' and wirh as much Wheat-four as 
 
 * will bind and knit them to^^ether; 
 
 * work it up into a ftiff Pafte, and 
 
 * either keep it dole in the Gally- 
 ' pot, which is the beft, and make 
 ' the Balls as you ufe them, or you 
 
 * may make thereof Balls as big as 
 
 * French Walnuts, Hulls and all, and 
 ' fo keep them in a clofe Gally-poti 
 
 * and when you have occafion to ule 
 ' them, take one and anoint it with 
 
 * fweet Butter, and give it the Horfe 
 ' in the manner of a Pill, and ride 
 ' him a little after it, then feed and 
 ' water him as at other times: Or 
 
 * it may be better to keep it in a 
 
 * Mafs in a Gaily -pot, and make them 
 ' into Balls as you ufe them. 
 
 Mr. Markham calls this the Mirror 
 avd Mafier of all Medici?ies, that will 
 make the Icaneft and unfoundefl: Hor- 
 fes fat, found, and fit either for Mar- 
 ket or Travel, in the fpace of 14. 
 days. 
 
 They are very cleanfing, and alio 
 emollient and foftening, which ren- 
 ders them efficacious and fafe in all 
 Colds and Surfeits after hard labour, 
 or any other ill ufage. They are al- 
 io very good for Horfes that are bro- 
 ken winded, or any ways confum- 
 ptive ; but efpecially where the Lungs, 
 the Li-ver, or any of the principal 
 Vifcera are defedfive, and there is no- 
 thing that will fooner help to raife 
 up lean jaded Horfes, they being part- 
 ly Diet, and partly Phyfick. 
 
 The following Receipt is an Im- 
 provement upon Markham, and in 
 every Refpeci to be preferred. 
 
 *■ Take Powder of Fenugreek, An- 
 
 * nifeeds. Cummin-feeds, Elicampane, 
 < Colts-foot, Flour of Sulphur, ot 
 ' each 4 Ounces ; Juice of Liquorice, 
 
 * one Ouncej Oil of Olives and Ho- 
 
 * «ey,ofeach8 Ounces j Genoa Trea^ 
 f gle, iz Ounces i 0/7 of Mnifeeds, 
 
 * one 
 
B A 
 
 ( SI ) 
 
 B A 
 
 f one Ounce; mix all together with 
 ' a Pound and half of IVheat-fT^eal, 
 
 * or what is Sufficient to n-.ake the 
 
 * whole into a Paile, and roll it into 
 
 * Bails, about the bignefs of a com- 
 < mon Wafh-ball. 
 
 This is of general Ufe in Coughs 
 and Colds j one Ball may bediilblved 
 in Water, or new warm Malt-wort, 
 which is much better, and given to 
 a Horie to drink every day for 12 
 or 14, days together, or as long as 
 there is occafion. 
 
 If you give the Balls on the end 
 of a Stick, you mud: make, them 
 fharp at both ends, and thick in the 
 middle; but it you give them in a 
 Horn of Beer, you fliould put down 
 a Horn-full of ftrong Beer afrer eve- 
 ry Ball, to clear the PafTage and pre- 
 vent {ticking. 
 
 If they are given to prevent Sick- 
 nef?, give them for 3 or 4 Mornings 
 together; if to cure cither Cold or 
 Glanders, for a Week together; if to 
 fatten a Horfc; for a Fortnight toge- 
 ther; but if they are ufed in the na- 
 ture of a Scouring to take away mol- 
 ten Greafe and foulneft, give them 
 inftantly after his Heat, and in his 
 Heat. 
 
 And if a Horfe has taken a little 
 Cold, as you may perceive by his in- 
 ward rattling, then give him a Ball 
 difiblved in a Pint of Sack. Or if the 
 Ball be diffolved in his ordinary Wa- 
 ter, and that made lukewarm, it 
 works the like effed, and fattens ex- 
 ceedingly. 
 
 If one of thefe Balls be given be- 
 fore Travel, it prevents tiring; if it 
 be given in the Heat of Travel, it re- 
 frefhes wearinefs ; and if it be given 
 after Travel, it prevents Surfeits and 
 inward Sicknefs. 
 
 BALM. 
 
 I?alm» it chears the Heart, opens 
 Ob{lru£lions in the Nerves, and is 
 good againft the Bitings of venomous 
 Beafts, and of mad Dogs. The De- 
 
 codlion is better than the diftill'd Wa- 
 ter. 
 
 Markham's B.'tlm for a Strain in the 
 ShotiUer or other Farts, either ap- 
 parent or hiddeUy or for any Wind- 
 gall or Sroellmg. 
 
 ' Melr 10 Ounces of Tiece-greafe 
 ' over the Fire, when it is melted 
 
 * take it off" and put to it 4 Ounces 
 < of Oil of Spike, and an Ounce ot 
 ' Oil of Origanum, and an Ounce 
 
 * and a half of the Oil of Exeter, and 
 ' 3 Ounces of the Oil of St. Johns- 
 ' ivortj Cur them well together, and 
 ' put them up into a Ga!ly-pot. 
 
 * Anoint the Part grieved with this 
 ' Ba-m hot, and rub and chafe it in 
 ' well, holding a hot Iron over a- 
 
 * gainft it 3 anoint it but once in 2 
 
 * days ; but rub and chafe it in well 
 
 * 2 or 3 times a day, and let the 
 ' Horle have moderate Exerciie. If 
 ' you cannot procure Viece-greafe, you 
 ' may ufe G oof e- greafe in the flead 
 
 * of it. 
 
 This he fays, has never failed him 
 in the IllnefTes before-mentioned. 
 BALOTADES. 
 
 Balotades are the Leaps of an 
 Horie between two Pillars, or upon 
 a ftrait Line, made with juftnefs of 
 time, v/ith the Aids of the Hand, and 
 the Calves of the Legs; fo that when 
 his Fore-ieet are in the Air, he fhows 
 nothing but the Shoes of his Hinder- 
 feet, without yerking out. 
 
 The Air or Manage of a Balotade 
 differs from a Capriole thus, viz.. 
 when a Horfe works at Caprioles, he 
 yerks or ftrikes out his hinder Legs 
 with all his Force, keeping them 
 near and even. 
 
 A Balotade differs alio from aCro//- 
 pade, that in the Balotade the Horie 
 fhews his Shoes, when he lifts or 
 raiies his Croup ; but in thtCrotipade 
 he draws his hinder Feet under him. 
 When you let a Horfe go upon Ca- 
 prioles, he will take to Balotades-, 
 for v/hen the great Fire and Mettk- 
 E i ot 
 
B A 
 
 C f2 ) 
 
 B A 
 
 of the CAprtole< is over, Horfes tske 
 to Bdotades of themielves, and then 
 to CroHpades^ unlefs they are made to 
 yerk out, and continue the Air of 
 Caprioles, bv a Poinfon in a hard 
 Hand. SeeTtWc. 
 
 To make a Crofs upon Balotades. 
 See Crofs. 
 
 BALSAM CAPIVI. 
 
 This is a very Sovereign Balfam, 
 good for all Diforders of the Brcafi:, 
 and in all Ulcerations of the Kidneys 
 and urinary Paflages. It is a Liquid 
 very proper for making up Pou'ders 
 and other dry Subftances into Balls 
 for the above-mentioned Intentions. 
 B A L S A M I C K S. 
 
 Balfamicks comprehend under them 
 all that is meant by Softening, Refo- 
 ring. Healing and Clean/ing--, and the 
 Medicines which go under thefe De- 
 nominations, are chiefly adapted to 
 Difeales of theBreafti as alio tothofe 
 oF the other Vifcera, viz. the Lher, 
 Spleen, Kidneys, &c. For when thele 
 have been any time in Diforder, the 
 Lungs for the moft part become alio 
 affefted. 
 
 B A L Z A N E. 
 
 JBalzane. See M^hite-foot. 
 BANDS. 
 
 Bands of a Saddle, are i pieces of 
 Iron, flat and about 5 Fingers broad, 
 which are nail'd upon the Bows of 
 the Saddle, on each fide one, con- 
 triv'd to hold the Bows in the Situa- 
 tion that makes the form of the Sad- 
 dle. 
 
 To put a Bow in the Band, is to 
 nail down the two ends of each Band, 
 to each fide of the Bow. 
 
 Befides thefe two great Bands, there 
 is a fmall one to the Fore-bow, which 
 is cali'd the Wither-band, and a Cres- 
 cent to keep up the Wither- Arch. 
 
 T.here is alfo a fmall Band to the 
 Hinder-bow to ftrengthen that. 
 BAN CLU E T. 
 
 A Banquet of a, Bridle, is that fmall 
 part of the Branch of it that is un-- 
 
 der the Eye, which being rounded 
 like a fmall rod, gathers and joins 
 the Extremities of the Bit to the 
 Branch, and after fich a manner that 
 the Banquet is not feen, being co- 
 vered by the Cap, or that part of ihe 
 Bit which is next to the Branch. 
 BANQUET LINE. 
 
 The Banquet Line is an imaginary 
 Line, which Bit-makers in forging a 
 Bit draw along the Banquet, which 
 is prolonged upwards and downwards 
 to adjuft the defigned force or weak- 
 nels of the Branch, in order to make 
 it (liff or eafie i for if the Sevil-hole 
 be on the out-fide of the Binquet 
 Line with refpedl to the Neck, the 
 Branch will be hard and ftiong. And 
 if the Sevil-hole is on the inlide of 
 the Line, taking the Center from the 
 Neck, the Branch will be weak and 
 ealie. See Branch and Shoulders, 
 TO BAR A VEIN. 
 
 This is an Operation performed by 
 Farriers upon the Veins of the Legs 
 of a Horfe, and other Parts of his 
 Body, with intent to ftop the Courfe, 
 and lelfen the Quantity of the malig- 
 nant Humours which prevail there. 
 It is done by opening the Skin above 
 it, and after difengaging it, and tying 
 it both above and below, and ftriking 
 between two Ligatures. 
 
 WJien Horfes have gotten Traverfe 
 Mules, or kib'd Heels and Rat-tails, 
 or Arrefts in the hinder Legs, it is 
 common to bar a Vein. 
 THE BARS OF A HORSE's 
 MOUTH. 
 
 The Ridge of the higheft Parts of 
 that Place of the Gum, which ne- 
 ver bears any Teeth, and h fituated 
 between the Grinders and theTufhes 
 on each fide of a Horfe's Mouth are 
 cali'd the Bars, io that that part of 
 the Gum, lying under, and at the 
 fide of the Bars, retains the Name of 
 Gum. 
 
 The Bars are that part of the 
 Mouth upon which the Bit fhould 
 
 have 
 
B A ( f3 ) B A 
 
 or fliould red; for and when they have fij done, they 
 
 have its Appui 
 tho' only a Single -canon bears upon 
 the Tongue, the Bars arc fo tender 
 and fcnlible, that they fee] the effeft 
 of it, even through the thicknefs of 
 the Tongue. 
 
 A Horfe's Bars being ienfible to 
 the Bit, is fiid to have a fine light 
 Mouth, and you may have him in a 
 •whole days rld:ng all along upon the 
 Hand, with an even, firm and light 
 Red or App-ti. 
 
 If a Horie has round hard B^rs^ 
 that are not very fenfib'e, he ought 
 to have a Bit made for him that will 
 rouze him, and make him feel it. 
 Such a Bit that pulls all along j that 
 is fuch an one, that does not bend to 
 give room to the Tongue in the mid- 
 dle. 
 
 Thofe Bars of a Horie, that have 
 been fo broken and cicatriz'd, that 
 they are grown unleniible, are cali'd 
 defpcrate Bars. 
 
 When a Horfe's Bars are fharp and 
 edg'd like thofe of a Barbary Horfe, 
 he feems to have a fine tender Mouth, 
 
 When a Horfe's Lip covers the 
 Bar^ it is faid his Lip guards. 
 
 A Horfe fhould have his Bars 
 fharp ridg'd and lean •■> for all the 
 Subjc6lion which a Horfe fuffers by 
 the Bridle proceeding from the Bars j 
 if they have not the above-mendoned 
 Qualities, they will be either very lit- 
 tle, or not at all fenfibic, fo that he 
 can never have a good Mouth i for 
 if they be flat, round and infenfible, 
 the Bit will not have its effect, and 
 to take hold of fuch a Horie by the 
 Bridle, or the Tail to govern him» 
 will prove much about one. 
 
 To fall foul on the Bar. A Horfe 
 is faid fb to do, when ftanding in the 
 Stable, he entangles his Legs upon 
 the Partition Bar, which is fet up to 
 feparate two Horfes, and keep them 
 from falling one upon another. 
 
 Barbs and vigorous ticklifh Horfes 
 |re very apt to fall fonl of the Bur, 
 
 flruggle and fling, and wound them- 
 fe'ives in the Hocks, Thighs and 
 Legs, even fo asfometimes to lame 
 them 'elves i v/hen you find them fal- 
 len foul of the Bar, immediately cut 
 the Cord that keeps up one end of 
 it, and let that end fall to the Ground. 
 BARB. 
 A Barb is a Horfe which isbrought 
 from Barbary. Thcie Horfes are com- 
 monlv of a flender light Size, and 
 very clean and thin in the Legs. 
 
 Engbflj and Spanifj Horfes are 
 much better bodied, an i have larger 
 Legs than Barbary Horfes have. The 
 Colts Of our Breed are chiefly come 
 of a Birbary Stallion. 
 
 Ba--bs are commonly by us chofen 
 for Stallions, becaufe they are always 
 mettled, and have good Wind and 
 Heels. 
 
 Barbs (as it is faid) may dye, but 
 they never g ow old. But it is quite 
 the contrary with Freezeland, large 
 Butch Horfes (RouJJins) for they 
 foon grow old, and are long a dy- 
 ings fb thac they prove troablefome 
 to their Owners. 
 
 The Duke of NevDcafile has this 
 Obfervation,that the Vigour and Met- 
 tle of Barbs never ceafe, but with 
 their Life. He adds, that a Barb is 
 next to the Spaniflj Horfe for Wii^ 
 dom ; but not near fo wife, and that 
 makes him much eafier to be drefl. 
 Befides he is of a gentle Nature, do- 
 cil, nervous and light. 
 
 He is as fine a Horfe as can be, 
 but fomewhat flender, and a litrle La- 
 dy like, and is fo lazy and negligent 
 in his Walk, that he will flumble in 
 a Bowling-Green i he trots like a 
 Cow, and gallops low , and no Ac- 
 tion in any of thofe Adions. 
 
 But he is commonly finewy and 
 nervous, and hath a clean Strength, 
 is excellently winded, and good at 
 length to endure great travel ; and 
 very apt to learn, and eafy to bedreft, 
 E 3 being 
 
B A (^4 
 
 being for the mofl: part of a good 
 Diipofition, excellent Apprehenpon , 
 Judgment and Memcry -, and when 
 he is fearch'd and wakened, no Horfe 
 in the World goes better in the Ma- 
 nage in all Ayres whatfoever, and 
 rarely upon the Ground in all kinds. 
 The Barb is nol ib fit a Horie for 
 a Stallion for the Manage, as for a 
 running Horfe, for he gets long and 
 loo/e Horfes. Therefore he advifes 
 not to breed of him for the Ma- 
 nage, except he be a fnort Florfe 
 from Head to croup, ftrong, ramolc*, 
 and racourf)', and of a Superfluity of 
 Spirit, which few B.r,'bs have 5 but 
 rather to breed of a SpHniJJj Florfe, 
 with choice I.nglijh Mares, or with 
 a well cholen Dntch Mare, which 
 makes an excellent Compcilticn for 
 the Manage. 
 
 BARBADOES TAR. 
 
 Burbadoes Tar is a very good Bal- 
 lamick, it is adminiflred to Horfes 
 that have Colds and other Diforders 
 of the Lungs with good Succefs. 
 BARBERRIES. 
 
 Barberries are of a grateful cooling 
 Tafte, and good in Fluxes and H.z- 
 morrhages, and alfb to corroborate 
 and ftiengthen the Stcmach. 
 BARBERRY BUSH. 
 
 The inner Rind of the Tree is 
 good to purge Choleric!: HtirKours^ 
 and is good {ox Scabs, Itch, Tetters, 
 Tellcrvs, BoUs^ and the Farcin. The 
 Leaves and Berries are cold in the fe- 
 cond Degree, and are good to flop 
 Lasks and bloody Fluxes. 
 
 BARBELS or BARBES. 
 
 Barbels are Knots of fuperfluous 
 Flefh, growing up in the Channels 
 of the Mouth of aHorfe; that is in 
 the Interval which feparate the Bars, 
 and lies under the Tongue. 
 
 The Cure.'] Clip them away with 
 a Pair of Sciflbrs, and let them bleed, 
 then prick them in the Palate of the 
 
 B A 
 
 Mouth with a Fleam, and wafh the 
 Pjace with Wine-Vinegar, Bole-Ar- 
 monlark and Salt, and fee that no Hay 
 Dufc flick upon the Place clipped, 
 and it will cure. 
 
 BARBELL E. 
 A Bardelle is a fort of Saddle in 
 the form of a great Saddle i but on- 
 ly of Cloth flufP'd up with Straw, 
 and tied tight down with Pack-thread 
 without either V/ood, Iron or Lea- 
 ther : Tiiey are commonly us'd in 
 Italy, where they trot their Colts 
 with fuch Saddles; and the Riders 
 are call'd Cavalcadcttrs or Scozone. 
 
 BARLEY. 
 
 Barky is of a cleanfmg and fome- 
 what emollient nature, very good for 
 the Liver, Lung?, Kidneys, and other 
 principal Bowels, thereby blunting 
 the fi-arpnels and acrimony of tick- 
 ling Rheums. It is alfb cooling, and 
 upon that Account proper for all hec- 
 tive broken winded Horfes, being 
 boii'd in their Water with Liquorice. 
 In Spain and i'?^7/)',andfbme Southern 
 Countries, they ufe little or no other 
 Provender but Barley. But their Ba)*' 
 ley is a longer and flendercr Grain, 
 and ©f a more compadt Subflance 
 than ours, and {b may afford more 
 folid Nouiifliment. 
 
 BARNACLES. 
 
 Barnacles are an Inftrument made 
 commonly of Iron, composed of 2 
 Branches, join'd at one end with a 
 Hinge, for the Ufe of Farriers to hold 
 a Horfe by the Nofe, and keep it 
 tight, by bringing to or almoffc clo- 
 fing the other end of the Branches, 
 and then tying them with a Strap. 
 This is done to hinder a Horfe from 
 flruggling and toffuig, when any In- 
 cifion is made upon him, or has the 
 Fire given him. The French call 
 them Mourailles, fbme of which are 
 made with Wood, with a Skrew, 
 which fort are ind^ttd very good. 
 
 The 
 
B A 
 
 C ss) 
 
 B A 
 
 The BARONS OINTiMENT. 
 
 Soi ley fell fays. That this Ointment 
 is good in all Gales where there is 
 occalion for Charges or Ointments. 
 It is fomething of the narure of a 
 Charge, and is recommended for 
 Strains in the Shoulders, Wrenches in 
 the Hoof or Thigh, B:-Hifed Legs, Sur- 
 butingi Wringing, Vricks^ Sinevo-fprung, 
 £cc. And for all manner of Dei^uxi- 
 ons or Feeblenefs in any part of the 
 Body J he direds to make it as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 * Take of Nevo V/^tx, Rofin, Fitch, 
 
 * and Turpentine^ of each half a Pound ; 
 *■ Oil of Olivesy one Pound i the 
 
 * Greafe of Badgers, Capons, Horfes, 
 
 * and Mules, and the Marrow of a 
 
 * Stag, of each i Ounces and a half; 
 
 * Oils ofCaflor, Camomde, St. Johns- 
 
 * rPort,Q^ FoxesyTurpentine and WormSy 
 
 * of each z Ounces , Oil of GnSian, 
 
 * or Oil of Petre, an Ounce. Set 
 
 * the Oil Olive over a clear Fire in 
 < a Bafon with the Pitch, F^ofin and 
 
 * Wax beaten together, keep them 
 
 * ftirring over the Flame till they are 
 
 * difiblv'd, and then add the Greafes 
 
 * and Marrow of Stags, and put the 
 
 * Turpentine in, and when they are 
 
 * incorporated well together in the 
 
 * laft: place, put in the Oils, and keep 
 ' ftirring it for half a quarter of an 
 ' hour, before you take it off the 
 ' Fire. 
 
 BASIL. 
 
 Garden Bafil apply'd outwardly to 
 the flinging of any venomous Beaft, 
 Wafps or Hounds, takes away the 
 Venom. 
 
 B A S I L I C O N. 
 
 Bafilkon is one of the beft Oint- 
 ments tor common Ufes, to be fpread 
 on Flax or fine Hurds. It is good 
 to cure any Wound or Sore, where 
 there is no ill Difpofition of the Blood 
 and Juices, or where the Part has not 
 been vitiated by applying improper 
 Medicines, or any other bad Managc- 
 
 Solleyfell diix£is the making it, as 
 follows : 
 
 * Take yellow Wax, Sheefs-fuet, 
 
 * Ro/in and Iflack Pitch, of each four 
 
 * Ounces; cut them into fmall pie- 
 
 * ces, put into a Bafon two Pound 
 
 * and a half oFo//t.'^ Oil, fet it over 
 
 * a pretty ftrong Fire, and v/hen it is 
 ' grown hot, put in the before-men- 
 ' tioned Ingredients ; when they are 
 ' thoroughly melted, drain all thro' a 
 
 * piece of Canvafs or coarle Cloth, 
 
 * and add half a Pound of Turpen- 
 ' tine, keeping it continually ftirring, 
 ' till it is cold. 
 
 The common way of making it 
 by the EnglifJj Apothecaries, is to 
 ' Take W^ix, Rofin and Pitch, of each 
 ' a Pound; of Oil of Olives, a Pound 
 ' and two Ounces ; melt them toge- 
 
 * ther, and make an Ointment. It 
 
 * being made after the laft manner, it 
 
 * is the common black Ointment, fo 
 ' much in Ufe for digefting all forts 
 
 * of Wounds and Sores. But for 
 
 * Horfes it is beft mixt withTurpen- 
 
 * tine. 
 
 BATHS. 
 
 Baths are Fomentations, and are 
 the moft comfortable things of any 
 to the Joints and Limbs of a Horfe; 
 for they dilTolve all ill Humours, and 
 give Heat and Warmth to all Mem- 
 bers that are benumbed with Cold, 
 or for want of Blood : They comfort 
 and ftrengthen them, and give very- 
 great eafe to pained Sinews. They 
 alTwage Swellings in or about any 
 part of the Body ; are good for fwel- 
 led, ftifF or benumbed Legs, or for a 
 Pain or Grief in any other Joint; or 
 for a Cramp, Convullion or String- 
 halt. They may be made as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 * Take Bay Leaves, and Rofemary, 
 
 * of each z Handfuls, boil them in 
 
 * Sallet-Oil and M^ifcadine, of each a 
 ' Pint, for half an hour. Before yoa 
 
 * bathe the Horfe with it, rub and 
 
 * chafe the Place very well v/ith a 
 
 " E 4. * Wifp 
 
B A 
 
 ( ^6) 
 
 B A 
 
 ■ Wifp or Hair-cloth ; then put the A Baih for Gourdy or Gouty Lep, 
 ' Horfe's Foot into fome broad Vef- 
 
 ■ iel to preferve the Bath, and bathe 
 ' him with it for a quarter oF an 
 
 ■ hourj then bind a piece of Sheep 
 or Lamb-skin upon the Place, with 
 the woolly fide to the Leg, and let 
 
 ■ the Horfe ftand fo for 24 hours. 
 This being repeated 5- or 6 times, 
 will make a pcrfedi: Cure. 
 
 ^ Bath for a Uo^-fe that is tired or 
 over-trazelleJ. 
 
 * Take 2, or 5 Handfuls of Mal- 
 lows, and as much S/^-ge^ and a Rofe- 
 Ciike; boil them all together in 
 Water, till the Water is all boiled 
 away, then put in a good quanti- 
 ty o\' SnUet-Od or Butter, and ha- 
 ving mixed them well together, 
 bathe the Horfc's Fore-lees with 
 it, and alfo all the Parts or' his Bo- 
 dy. Or, 
 
 * You may bleed the Horfe, and 
 mix Oil and Vinegar with his Blood, 
 and anoint his Body with it, and it 
 will help mofl: Infirmities. 
 
 A B.tth to dry up Humours. 
 
 ' Take of the Bark of the Roots 
 of Beech Trees, 5 Pounds, the Barks 
 of vourg Ajh, Elms and Oaks, of 
 each a Hindfulj Kofemary and Sa?e, 
 of each a Handful; of Cheflnuts» 
 the Rinds being taken of, Nep and 
 Tenny -royal, of each a Handful ; 3 
 or 4 white Onicns, peel them clean, 
 and cut them into imall Slices: 
 Boil them all in fix Quarts of Red- 
 Wine, and 4 Quarts of IVhit^ ■IVine 
 Vinegar ; walk the Horfe for a 
 quarter of an hour till he is warm, 
 and then bathe him with it pretty 
 hot, and fet him up warm ; repeat 
 this for 3 or 4 Days, and let him 
 not be fuffered to oq into any Wa- 
 ter for 8 or 10 Days, and let his 
 Drink be either fweet Maflies or 
 White V/ater for 3 or 4 Days. 
 
 ^, and prevent 
 excellent Bath. 
 
 vphichcor/ie either hy Farcin^ Scratch- 
 es, or the like, 8cc. 
 
 ' Put a Handful of Bay-Salt ^ a 
 ' pretty good Qpa;:tity of Soot, a 
 
 * Quarter of a Pound of Soap, into a 
 ' Quart or better of Chamber-lye^ and 
 ' alio a Handful or two o? MrJIetoe, 
 ' chopped fmail ; boil them all toge- 
 
 * ther, and bathe the Place very well 
 
 * with it for 3 or 4 Days, Morning 
 ' and Evening; this will both take 
 
 * down the Swellin 
 ' the Farcin. 
 
 Another very 
 * Take Sheep's-Suer, Ox-Eye and 
 
 * S'/nallage, of each a like Quantity i 
 « chop them fmall together, (lam.p 
 ' them in a {lone Mortar, and boil 
 ' them in the Urine of a Man, and 
 ' bathe the Parts aggrieved with it 
 ' warm, ferting the Hoiic's Foo; in- 
 
 * to a Veflcl. Then v/et Thumb- 
 ' bands of Hay in cold Water, aqd 
 ' wrnp up the Member, both above 
 
 * and below the Grief; repeat this as 
 ' of:en as you fi-all ieeoccafion. This 
 < is good for fwelled Legs upon Tra- 
 
 * vel, or any other Lamenefs that 
 
 * comes by Scroke, Strain, or odicr 
 
 * Accident. 
 
 B A Y. 
 
 A Bay Horfe is what is comrnoi)- 
 ly cali'd Red inclining to a Chefnut. 
 And this colour is various; either a 
 light Bay or a dark Bay, according as 
 it is lefs or more deep. There is ^- 
 {o coloured Hories, that are called 
 d.\ppled Bays. Bay Horfes are com- 
 monly called brorvn by the common 
 People. 
 
 All Bay Horfes have black Manes, 
 which diftinguilhes them froni the 
 Sorrel, that have red or white Manes. 
 
 There are light Bays and gilded 
 Bays, which are Ibmewhat of a yel^ 
 lowifJ} Colour, The Chefnut Bay is 
 that, which comes nearelt to the Co- 
 lour of a Chefnut-, 
 
 ^ - The 
 
B A 
 
 (n) 
 
 B E 
 
 The dark Bay is almoft Mack, ha- 
 ving only a little brovon Hair upon 
 the Fhnks and tip of the Nofe, and 
 this is fometimes cali'd a broron Bay. 
 All thefe kinds of Bays, and e- 
 ven the light Bay, have all their Ex- 
 tremities, that is, their Manes and 
 Tails black; and there never was a 
 Bay Horfe, that had not his Extre- 
 mities black. 
 
 BAY-BERRIES. 
 Bay-berries are hot and dry, and 
 are good for all manner of Rheumsy 
 Shortnefs of Wind, efpecially for any 
 Difcafe of the Lungs ; they are good 
 againfl Poifon, Confumptions, Phlegm, 
 help Tiredne/s, Cramps, Stone, Ob- 
 firucisons of the Li'ver, the Tellows, 
 Dropfy, and provoke Urine. 
 OIL OF BAYS, 
 Oil of Bays is accounted warm and 
 penetrating, and efficacious in re- 
 moving Pains and Swellings in the 
 Joints, and all nervous Parts. No 
 Oil h £o often preicrib'd for Difcafes 
 in Horfes as this is ; but it is feldom 
 made by the Apothecaries, who in- 
 ftead of it fell common Oil, with a 
 Mixture of ibme fweet fcented Oil. 
 You may make it as follows : 
 
 • Take what Quantity you pleale 
 
 * of Bay- berries before they are dry, 
 
 * and brui.e them; then boil them 
 
 * for fome tim.e in Water, and the 
 
 * Oil will fwim at the top, which 
 
 * h to be skimmed off when cold, 
 
 * and kept for ufe. 
 
 OINTMENT OF BAYS. 
 
 Ointment of Bays is warm and 
 comfortable to the Nerves, difcufles 
 Wind, and is very good in all old 
 Griefs in the Joints and Sinews, 
 Convulfions, Cramps and Paralytick 
 NumbnelTes. It is made as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 * Take half a Pound o^ Bay-leaves y 
 
 * a quarter of a Pound of Bay-ber- 
 ■ ries, 1 Ounces of Colevoort-leaves, 
 i of ^.eats loot Oil two Pounds and 
 
 * a half; boil them together till the 
 
 * watery parts of the Ingredients are 
 
 * evaporated, and then ftrain it for 
 
 * ufe.' This is fometimes fold in- 
 ftead of the Oil of Bays, and is no 
 great Impofiticn. 
 
 BDELLIUM. 
 Bdellium is an Arabian Gum, is in 
 Quality hot and dry, Ibftens and 
 draws away Moil^ure, and is good 
 in all forts of hard Swellings. An 
 excellent Mixture with a Poultice for 
 Hardneis and Knots in the Sinews i 
 and being drunk, is good to provoke 
 Urine. 
 
 A BEAK. 
 
 A Beak \s a little Shoe at the Toe, 
 about an Inch long, turned up and 
 faftened in upon the fore Part of the 
 Hoof. 
 
 Some advifc, that if you are to 
 travel in the Summer time, and the 
 Hone be very fenfible of the Fiies, to 
 have Beaks on the Toes of his hind 
 Shoes; becaule the Horie pulling up 
 his hind Feet to his Belly, to drive 
 away the Flies, and ftriking them 
 down again with great force, does 
 by this violent Motion often beat his 
 Shoes off, and fb breaks and fpoils 
 his Hoofs. Theie Beaks are alio ufe- 
 tul for thofe Hcrfes, which by reafbn 
 of any Itch, flrike violently while 
 they are in the Stable with their hind 
 Feet againfl the Ground, for it keeps 
 their Shoes fteddy in their places. 
 
 BEAN. See LAMPAS. 
 BEANS. 
 
 Beans are the mofl: nourifhin^ 
 Grain that Horfcs eat, they agree befl 
 v/ith thofe Horles that are clean and 
 free from Humours, and that do not 
 lie idle; but when a Horfe is foul, 
 Oats are better for him, being more 
 detcrfive and cleanfing. Bean-f^our is 
 ufed outwardly in Cataplafrns, to ri- 
 pen and draw. 
 
 BEARa 
 
B E 
 BEARD. 
 
 (^§) 
 
 B E 
 
 The Beanl, Under- beard, or Chuck 
 of a Horfe, is that part which is un- 
 derneath the lower Mandible on the 
 outfide, and above the Chin, which 
 bears the Curb of the Bridle. See 
 Curb and Genette. 
 
 The Beard fhould neither be too 
 flat, nor too high raifed or pointed \ 
 and if it have any of thefe Imper- 
 feftions, it is ill Hiaped, and thtCurb 
 can never be made to reft in its right 
 place, it fliould alio have but little 
 Flefh upon it, and almoft nothing but 
 Skin and Bone, without any kind of 
 Chops, Hardnefs or Swelling. 
 BEARS-FOOT. 
 Bears-foot or black Hellebore is hot 
 and dry, hotter in Tafte than the 
 •a>hite. The Roots are accounted good 
 in all melancholy Difeafes, and Mad- 
 nefs. Being powdered and ftrew'd 
 upon Ulcers, it eats away the dead 
 Flefh, and heals' them expeditioufly. 
 The Roots boiled in Vinegar is good 
 againft Scabs, Leprofy, Mange. If a 
 piece of the Root be put into a hole 
 made in the Ear of a Horfe or Beaft 
 that has a Cough, or eaten feme 
 poifbnous thing, and being taken out 
 in 24 hours, helpeth. 
 
 BEARS-GREASE. 
 This has been accounted a Ripe- 
 jier, being fuppos'd to be of a vola- 
 tile and penetrating Nature, by which 
 means it is the better fuited to rarify 
 the obflrufled Humours, and either 
 bring them to a Maturation, or ren- 
 der them fit to return back into the 
 Circulation ; therefore the antient Far- 
 riers hav * had it in high Efteem, for 
 the removing of hard obftinate Swel- 
 lings, Pain and Stiffnefs in the Joints 
 and Sinews; but others are cf Opi- 
 nion, it can have but little Efficacy 
 in many Cafes of that Nature. 
 BEAT. 
 ^eaf upon the Hand, See Chuck. 
 
 To beat the Bufi or the Powder. 
 
 A Horfe is faid fo to do, thst does 
 not at each time or motion take in 
 ground or way enough with his fore 
 Legs. 
 To beat the Buji at Terra a Terra. 
 
 A Horfe is faid fo to do, when he 
 does not embrace, or take in ground 
 enough with his Shoulders, and 
 makes all his times or motions too 
 fhort, as if they were made in one 
 place. 
 
 To beat the Bufl at Curvets. 
 
 A Horfe is faid fo to do, when he 
 does them precipitantly and too low. 
 To beat upon a Walk. 
 
 A Horfe is faid fo to do, when he 
 walks too fliort, and makes but little 
 way, whether in ftrait Lines, Rounds 
 or Paflaging. 
 
 BEAVER. See CASTOR. 
 BEECH. 
 
 The Leaves of the Beech-tree are 
 cooling, and are good for hot Swel- 
 lings. The Kernels of the Nut or 
 Maft, are fbmewhat moift. The Wa- 
 ter that is found in the hollow places 
 of the Tree, is good to bathe or a- 
 noint Scabs, Scurf, or running Tet- 
 ters. 
 
 BEETS. 
 
 White Beetf are temperate both as 
 to Heat and Moifture, are of a clean- 
 fing Quality, loofen the Belly, and 
 provoke Urine. 
 
 Red Beets are of an aftringent Qua- 
 lity, and therefore good to flop the 
 bloody Flux. 
 
 BELLY. 
 
 For a Horfe to have a good Body 
 and be full in the Flank, or to want 
 a Belly, fignify all one, and the fame 
 thing. 
 
 This Imperfe(£i:ion of wanting a 
 Belly, may proceed from feveral Cau- 
 fes/and may be known as follows: 
 
 u 
 
B E 
 
 ( S9) 
 
 B E 
 
 IF the laft of the fhort Ribs be 
 at a confiderabie diftance from the 
 Haunches, which is known by the 
 great fpace there is between that Bone 
 and the lad, or hindmoft Rib : For 
 akho' ilich Hories may for the time 
 have pretty good Bodies, yet when 
 they are put to any confiderable La- 
 bour or Exercife, they loie it, and 
 then are the Horfes that are faid to 
 have no Flank. 
 
 Alio when the Ribs of a Horfe are 
 too ftraitened in their Tour or Com- 
 pafs, he is faid to have no Flank; 
 this may be eafily perceived by com- 
 paring the height of them with that 
 of the Haunch- bones, for they ought 
 to be as high as the other; or but a 
 very little lefs, when the Horfe is luf- 
 ty and in good cafe ; becaufe when 
 he is lean, and has no Flefh on his 
 Ribs, they cannot appear Co high and 
 well rais'd as the Haunch-bones. 
 
 If a Horle be narrow chefted, it 
 not only hinders him from having a 
 good Body, but caufes his wind and 
 breathing never to be fb free, by rea- 
 fon of the lafl: or hindmoft Ribs 
 fqueezing and com.preiling too much 
 the inward Parts. 
 
 If ftrait ribbed Horfes be great 
 Feeders, then their Bellies will be 
 gulped up, and it not being pofTible 
 that the Entrails can be contained 
 within the Ribs, they will prefs 
 downwards, and make the fhape of 
 a Cow's Belly, which is very unhand- 
 fome in a Horfe. 
 
 Strait ribbed Hories are very diffi- 
 cult to faddle, and muft have Saddles 
 made on purpofe for them, they have 
 no Wind, and are fubje6t to a Cough j 
 but they have generally a good Chine 
 or Back. 
 
 If a Horfe's not having a good Bel- 
 ly, proceeds from Leannefs, or from 
 too much Fatigue, it is not fo eafily 
 to be apprehended, efpecially if his 
 Ribs have a good Turn or Compafs. 
 for Reft, with the Aftiftance of cool- 
 
 ing and moift Nourilhment, may fbon 
 recover him. 
 
 Thofe Horfes that are naturally 
 light bellied, altho' otherwife fat and 
 plump enough, cannot endure any 
 great Fatigue. 
 
 If you would chufe a Horle for 
 Courfing or Galloping, he wi 1 be 
 lighter and cleverer with flich a Bel- 
 ly, than if it were a great deal big- 
 ger. 
 
 Some Horfes may be made to have 
 a good Belly, but with difficulty, 
 thefe are fuch which are lufty, and 
 have a good deal of Flefti upon their 
 Ribs, but little or no Flank. 
 
 A Horfe that is ftraitened in the 
 Flanks, by not having his Ribs well 
 enough turned} but £o narrow com- 
 pafTed, that they do not allow fuffi- 
 cient room, eafily to lodge his En- 
 trails within them, has a great Im- 
 perfeftionj and this may be known 
 by the narrownefs of the Flanks, and 
 ftraitnefs of the Ribs that are next 
 to them ; yet if fjch a Horfe eats 
 his Hay and Oats heartily, and drinks 
 well, he may prove as good as any 
 for a Saddle, if he be not too tieryj 
 but for a Coach he is not approved. 
 
 Moft Horfes that have ftrait turn'd 
 Ribs, have good Chines or Backs. 
 For Mules have all of them their 
 fhort Ribs, or thofe next to their 
 FJanks ftrait turned, and they have 
 the ftrongeft and beft fliap'd Backs 
 that can be : and fo all Horfes that 
 have their Reins very much elevated, 
 have their Ribs alfo ftrait turned. It 
 is true, their Croups are not beauti- 
 ful, becaufe they are for the moft 
 part pointed J but then their Reins 
 are excellent : Such are call'd /o)»° 
 Sack' 4 Horfes. 
 
 If a Horfe be naturally light bo- 
 died, yet if his Ribs be well turned, 
 and he eats well, he may be fervicea- 
 ble, efpecially if his hind Hand be 
 large and well turn'd, and he be not 
 fiery, It is an infallible Maxim , that 
 i lories 
 
B E 
 
 (60) 
 
 B E 
 
 Hories that are light bodied and fie- 
 ry, deftroy themfelves in an inflant. 
 
 If a Horie which has no Flank, has 
 too fhort Ribs, if you do bring him 
 to a good Belly, upon the leafl Tra- 
 vel and Fatigue, he will lofe it again. 
 
 It is eaiy to know when Ribs are 
 too fhort, by their not extending 
 lb much downwards, as commonly 
 they ought to do. 
 
 It a Horfe that has no Belly, be 
 fretful or fiery, altho' he has a good 
 Appetite, he will never become well 
 bellied. 
 
 Horfes that have any great Pain 
 or Weaknefs in their hind Quarters, 
 are commonly light bellied ; and dai- 
 h' experience fhows that Horfes, that 
 imve only painful Scratches in their 
 hind Legs, will extremely lofe their 
 Bellies, and much more than if they 
 were any ways pained in their Hams 
 by Capelets, J- anions or Spavins, 
 which aff>.6l the nervou=; and fenfible 
 Parts, and where, of Coniequence, 
 iuch Infirmities mufl caufe exceflive 
 Pains. 
 
 Therefore, when you are viewing 
 a Horfe that is light bellied, imme- 
 diately look upon hisHams,and there 
 you will probably find one of the 
 principal Imperfeftions before-men- 
 tioned, or fomething rhat pains the 
 hind Quarters, that is in fome one 
 or other of its Parts. And fuch Hor- 
 fes cannot endure Fatigue, and fo are 
 rot fit for the Saddle, and much Icfs 
 for the Coach. 
 
 Painful Scratches in the hind Legs 
 of a Horfe, will fometim.es take a- 
 way a Horfe*s Belly j but then there 
 is no great hazard," becaufe they m.ay 
 be eaiily cured, except they are ner- 
 vous, that is, if they be upon the 
 Back-finew of a Leg, a pretty way 
 above the Paftern-joint, which is one 
 01 the mofl foublefpme external Ma- 
 ladies to cure. 
 
 Feeding Horfes with a great deal 
 of Hay, and a very few Oats, mak^s 
 
 their Bellies become very big, and in 
 the form of the Belly of a Cow with 
 a Calf. 
 
 And when a Horfe that is low, is 
 by earing abundance of Hay ( with- 
 out which he will fcarcely be rendred 
 plump) become fat and lufl:y, the 
 Hories Belly will at firfl either be 
 fwallowcd up or fall too low, and at 
 lafl pafs to the Croup i and infcnfibly 
 diminifli. 
 
 To remedy tbefe Bellies, which in- 
 cline to be thus Rvallowed up, or fall 
 too low. The Engli/Jj Method of 
 broad Surcingles of a Foot and halt 
 broad is good, the two Cufhions be- 
 ing adjufled fo as to the top of the 
 Ribs upon each fide the Back-bone, 
 in order to prevent the Back from 
 being gall'd with the Surcingle. 
 
 For girding this Surcingle, and 
 flraitening by a hole now and then, 
 the big or low Belly is made to pafs 
 fooner towards the Croup, and £0 
 diminifh inlenfibly. 
 
 BELLY ACH, OR FRETTING 
 IN THE BELLY. 
 
 It proceeds fr-om Crudities, and in- 
 digefled Matter in the Stomach and 
 Guts. 
 
 J^e Signs are much wallowing, 
 great groaning, and often ftriking at 
 his Belly, and gnawing upon the 
 Manger, 
 
 The Cure.] * Some prefcribe the 
 '•' anointing your Hand with Salf, 
 
 * Putter and Greafey and then to 
 ' thrufc it into the Horfe's Funda- 
 
 * ment, and rake him as far as you 
 
 * can reach, and afterwards to give 
 *■ him a Glyfter of PVater and Salf» 
 
 * and after that the following Po- 
 
 * tion : The Powder of Centaury and 
 ' Wcrmrcoody brew'd in a Quart qi 
 
 * Malmfey. Some make ufe of 4 
 
 * Suppohtory of Cafile Soap, and this 
 ' is eftcemed the beff. Others pre- 
 
 * fcribe, to give the Horfe good flor^ 
 f of X)/7/, boil'd in Watei- to drink. 
 
 Another, 
 
B E 
 
 Another. 
 * Boil two Handfuls of Malloro 
 Leaves in three Pints of ne-!x> Milk, 
 til] it comes to a Quart, then ftrain 
 
 fweeten it with 
 ^ive it the Horie 
 y way o 
 
 * the Decoction 
 
 * Loaf Sugar, and ^. 
 < lukewarm, cither by way of Drench 
 
 * or Glyfter. This 'will loofcn the 
 
 * Horfe's Body, and by that means 
 
 * will free him from the tormenting 
 
 * Pains he is troubled with. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Boil the Leaves of MaUorffs , 
 « Mar/J;-Mallo-iTs and Mercury, of 
 « ench 3 Handfuls, in 3 Qiiairs of 
 « Water for the fpace of an hour, 
 « ftrain the Dccodion, and add to it 
 ' a quarter of a Pound of Lenitive 
 ' Eleciuary, and half a Pint of Spirit 
 
 * of Pi^ine or Branny, half a Pint ot 
 « Sallet-Oil, or half a Pound of But- 
 
 * ter. Give it the Horie lukewarm 
 
 * by way of Glyfter, and caufe him 
 
 * to retain it as long as poffible. See 
 Gripes. 
 
 BELLY-BOUND, or COSTIVE- 
 
 NESS. 
 
 Runninpr Horfes are moft fub;e6l 
 to this Difeale, that are kept at dry 
 and hot Diet. 
 
 The Caufe.'] Some affirm, it pro- 
 ceeds from Glut of Provender, or o- 
 ver-much Feeding and Reft, or from 
 Wind, grofs Humours, or Cold, cau- 
 fing Obftrudions, and Stoppings in 
 the Cursi but others are of Opinion, 
 it rat\sr proceeds from much faft- 
 ing, bv which means the Gut wants 
 frefh Subftance to fill it, and To bakes 
 and dries up that lictle which is con- 
 tained in it : It being a certain Rule, 
 that nothing can overflow before it 
 is full. Or elfe it may proceed from 
 eating too much dry and hot Food, 
 which fucks up the Phlegm and Moi- 
 fture of the Body, and does not leave 
 fufficicnt, whereby it may be di- 
 
 ( 61 ) BE 
 
 gefted. But be it how it will, it k 
 a dangerous Diftemper, and is the 
 beginning of many other Ills. 
 
 The Signs are only the Horfes not 
 dunging. 
 
 ' Boil good ftore of Fumitory in 
 ' Water, and give it the Horfe to 
 ' drink, and this wiii caufe him to 
 ' dung. 
 
 The Cure.^ * Some boil Marjlf- 
 ' Malloros very well in Water, and 
 
 * to every Quart of the Decodlioo, 
 
 * put half a Pint of Oil or fweet But- 
 ' rfr,and an Ounce of Bsnedicia LaX' 
 ' at ay and give it by way of Gly- 
 ' fter, and faften his Tail hard to his 
 ' Tuel by a String, and then trot 
 
 * him up and dorvn a pretty while, 
 ' that the Medicine may operate ths 
 ' better, and then let his Tail loofe, 
 
 * and fjffer him to void all that is ia 
 ^ his Belly, then to pjt him up ia 
 ' the Stable, and -after he has ftood a 
 ' pretty while, give him a little well 
 
 * clarified Honey to drink i cover him 
 ' and keep him warm. 
 
 * Others ftamp Leaves of Laurel 
 
 * in a Mortar, and give it the Horfe 
 ' to drink in a Quart of Jirong Ale. 
 
 * Others give the Horfe an Ounce 
 ' of powdered Brimfione mixed with 
 ' Sugar in a Mafti to drink. 
 
 ' Others advife, that if the Difeafe 
 ' be not extremely violent, only to 
 ' rake his Fundament, and then to 
 ' gallop him in his Cioaths till he 
 ^ fwears, and then to give him a 
 
 * Handful or two of clear Rye, and a 
 
 * little Brinijlone mixed with it ; for 
 ' Brin'^fione given in Provender at a- 
 
 * ny time will fcour. 
 * But if the Diftemper be raging 
 
 ^ and violent, to beat well together 
 
 ■ a quarter of a Pound of vphite Soap, 
 
 ■ Spurge and Hempfeeds, of each a 
 ' Handful; and to give them the 
 
 ■ Horfe to drink in a Quart of new 
 
 * Ale, lukewarm, to keep him from 
 
 ■ eating after it, and to exercile him 
 
 ' tor 
 
B E 
 
 ( 62) 
 
 B I 
 
 « for above half an hour after; keep- 
 
 * ing him warm, and letting him 
 
 * have only warm Maflies to drink. 
 
 BENJAMIN. 
 
 This is the Refinous Gum of a 
 Tree. That is accounted the befl:, 
 which is of a fragrant Smell, and of 
 the colour of Frankincenfe. It is a 
 very good Balfamick, and uieful for 
 broken winded Horfes. 
 FLOWERS of BENJA- 
 MI N. 
 
 * Iloroers of Benjamin are made by 
 
 * putting 2 or 5 Ounces of Benja- 
 
 * min in grois Powder into a fub- 
 « liming Pot, putting on its cover 
 
 * without luting, and raifing a mode- 
 
 * rate Fire under it of Charcoal, or 
 
 * keeping it in the fecond degree of 
 < Fire in Sand. The Flowers will 
 
 * immediately begin to rife, and ad- 
 ' here to the infidc of the Cover, 
 
 * which mufl: be taken off once eve- 
 
 * ry hour, or hour and half, and 
 
 * wiped out upon a clean Sheet of Pa- 
 
 * per, with a Feather. Another Co- 
 
 * ver ought immediately to beclapp'd 
 
 * on, that nothing may be loft. 
 
 * When the Flowers begin to rife 
 ' yellow, take the melted Benjamin 
 
 * out of the Pot with a Spoon, and 
 
 * put in a frefh quantity of it, as at 
 
 * firft, and fo proceed, till you have 
 ' obtained the quantity you Iiave oc- 
 
 * cafion for. 
 
 In the Operation, Caution muft be 
 us*d, that the Fire be not too ftrong ; 
 becaufe it will throw up fome Oil, 
 and difcolour the Flowers. 
 
 It is an excellent Peroral, and 
 good in all Diforders of the Lungs, 
 proceeding from vilcid mucilaginous 
 Matter obftrufting the Glands, and 
 Branches of the Wind-pipe, and may 
 be given to a Horfe to the quantity 
 of 2 or 5 Drams,madeup into Balls, 
 with other Ingredients of the fame 
 Intention. 
 
 TINCTURE of BEN- 
 JAMIN. 
 
 * Put 4 Ounces of the moft pure 
 
 * and fragrant Benjamin into a Mat- 
 
 * rafsy and pour upon it a Pint of 
 
 * Spirit of Wine; fit the Matrafs with 
 
 * a Cucurbit, lute the Joint, and fet 
 ' it in a warm Sand for 5 or 4 Days, 
 
 * fhaking it now and then, until it 
 
 * acquire a fine and beautiful Tinciure, 
 
 * which decant for ufe. 
 
 This contains all the Virtues of 
 the Benjumin, and is an excellent In- 
 gredient to moiften all fuch Horfe- 
 balls, v/hich are defigned to hea! Dif- 
 orders of the Lungs, and procure a 
 good Wind. 
 
 B E T O N Y. 
 
 This Herb is accounted very good 
 in all Diforders of the Head and 
 Nerve?, which proceed from too 
 much Humidity and Moifture, which 
 caufe Catarrhs and Defluxions. The 
 Juice is ftid to be a great Healer, and 
 therefore is made ufe of in fome Plai- 
 fters and Ointments for that Purpofe. 
 It being dropped into the Eyes of 
 Moon-blin'd Horfcs, is very fcrvice- 
 able by conftringing the Glands, from 
 whence proceeds the Moiflure. 
 
 Water-Betony is hot and dry, and 
 good for Ulcers and Bruifes. 
 
 Wild Running Betony, that fmells 
 like Marjoram, bindeth Wounds and 
 conglutinatcs, is good for Difeafes in 
 the Liver, for old Sores and Wounds. 
 
 BIDET, See Nag. 
 
 BILBERRIES. 
 
 Bilberries are in quality cold and 
 dry, and aflringent. Some call them 
 Whorts and li^hortle-berries. There 
 are two forts of them, the B.ed and 
 the Black. The Red are more aftrin- 
 gent than the Black, and good to flop 
 Hemorrhages, ufed either outwardly 
 or inwardly. The Black are good in 
 hot Agues. They cool the Heat of 
 the Liver, ^c. and aflringe the Belly. 
 BILE 
 
B I 
 
 (63) 
 
 B I 
 
 BILE or CHOLER. 
 
 j The Simples which condenie, and 
 I cool Bile, are; Bu^lofs, Lettuces, Vhn- 
 I taneyiht common great HouJIeekjthe 
 I Cold Seeds, and that of Plantane and 
 I Tlea-wort \ the Flowers of white and 
 I yellow Water-lilies y of Violets, and of 
 ' Mallcros j the Herbs, Maiden-hairt 
 Eihlrje and the Succories. 
 
 ' Make aDecodion of alx)ut three 
 
 * Pints, of all or any part of thefe, 
 
 * and give it every Morning to thofe 
 
 * Horles that are fiery and cholerick, 
 
 * and of a bright Sorrel-colour, during 
 
 * v/hich time, the Horfe muft not 
 
 * eat Oats, but only wet Bian. And 
 
 * before this Decoftion is given him, 
 
 * he muft be ty'd up for 2 hours to 
 ' the Rack, and alfo for 2 hours af- 
 
 * ter; repeat this for 8 days, then 
 
 * purge him as you flmll fee occafion. 
 
 * Or if you will not be at the fbr- 
 
 * mer Trouble and Charge, then you 
 ' may flice fome of the fore-men- 
 
 * tioned Simples fmall, and mix a 
 
 * good quantity of them with his 
 
 * wet Bran. 
 
 ' But the be ft digeftive for Bile, 
 
 * Ibme account Sd Folyckreft, giving 
 
 * two Ounces at a tim.c in a Quart 
 
 * of Wine for 7 or 8 Days facceiTr/e- 
 
 * ly without IntermilTion, which will 
 ' prepare the Humour, make the 
 ' Heat temperate, and oftentimes 
 
 * purge and expel it, without the 
 
 * help of any orher Purgative. 
 
 BIRDS-FOOT. 
 
 All the different Species of Birds- 
 foot, are of a drying quality, and are 
 very proper to be ufed both outward- 
 ly and inwardly, for Wounds and 
 Bruifes. 
 
 BIRTHWORT. 
 
 Birthtport is of two forts, long and 
 round, but have both the fame Effi- 
 cacy. The Virtues that are afcrib'd 
 to them, are that they refifl Toifon 
 and Malignity, and therefore are us'd 
 in divers Compofitions of that Inten- 
 tion. They are among the principal 
 
 Ingredients of the Diapente. They 
 are alfb faid to be cleanjing and heaU 
 ing, and upon that Account are us'd 
 in outward Applications, and incor- 
 porated into Icveral Ointments and 
 Plaifters, and drawn off in Tindtures 
 with other Ingredients, to wafh 
 Wounds and Ulcers, eipecially the 
 Roots. 
 
 BISHOPS-WEED. 
 
 BifJjops-iveed is hot and dry, of a 
 bitter Tafte, and fomething fharp 
 withal. It provokes Luft and Urine, 
 is good againft the Wind, and the 
 Bitings of venomous Beafts. 
 BISTORT. 
 
 Bijiort, orherwife call'd Snake-weed, 
 is cold and dry. The Leaves and 
 Roots are excellent for refifting Poi- 
 fbn and the Plague j and are good in 
 all manner of Haemorrhages, flay 
 Lasks, and are good for Staling of 
 Blood, and the Yellows. 
 
 BIT or HORSE-BIT. 
 
 Bit figniiies the v/hole Machine of 
 all the Iron Appurtenances of a Bri- 
 dle ^ as the Bit' mouth J the Branches, 
 the Curb, the Sevil-holes, theTranche- 
 fil, and the crofs Chains : But fbme- 
 times it is ufed, to fignifie only the 
 Bit-mouth in particular. 
 THE BITING OF VENOMOUS 
 BEASTS. 
 
 Wounds caus'd by the biting of 
 venorrwtis Beajls, do often prove mor- 
 tal; becaufe the Poifon being com- 
 municated to the Blood, caufes in ic 
 lb fpecdy a P^arcfadfion, that the 
 whole animal Frame is put into an 
 immediate Difbrdcr. The Part woun- 
 ded fv.'-ell?, becomes inflam'd, and of 
 a livid Colour ; and the Progrefs of it 
 is more fudden, than any Gangrene 
 from whatfbever other caufe it pro- 
 ceeds. 
 
 As for the Bite of a 7n{id Dog, 
 fome are of Opinion, it is not fo 
 poiibncus as it is generally fuppos'd 
 to be ; but only as thofe Creatures 
 
 are 
 
B I 
 
 (64) 
 
 B I 
 
 are apt to ftrike their Jav/s with great 
 force; and by that means, wound 
 and bruiie the Sinews, and nervous 
 Parts. 
 
 As for the Bite of an Mder, that 
 is plainly venomous and' deadly ; as 
 appears from many Inftanccs, both 
 among Men and Brutes ; and the Biies 
 of Adders are conftantly follow'd with 
 a Drop or two of greenifh Matter, 
 which poifons the Wound, and in- 
 fedts the Body by its corrolive Qua- 
 lity. 
 
 The Cure.] There are many Rc- 
 inedies made ufe of 
 
 ' Some only apply Garlick, Onions, 
 ' Bay-Salt, and B^^con ftampt together 
 ' into an Ointment. 
 
 * Others ftamp Rue, Mufiard-feed, 
 
 * Tickled Herrings, and black Soap, 
 ' with a good Quantity of Bears- 
 ' greafe, or Decr's-fuet. 
 
 ' Some lay Venice-treacle, or Mi- 
 ' thridate over the Wound, which 
 
 * are good, efpecially if the fpirituous 
 
 * Embrocations are us'd often, which 
 < you find direfted in the Article 
 « Gangrene. 
 
 * Some give the Fire, and cut out 
 « the Bit that is wounded 5 but thcfe 
 
 * kfl: Operations are not to be per- 
 
 * formed on all Parts ; but chiefly 
 
 * when the Wound is made in the 
 ' Flcfh, and free from Nerves and 
 
 * Sinews. 
 
 * Viper-catchers, when they are 
 
 * bitten, anoint the Wound immedi- 
 
 * ately with Adders-fat, which they 
 
 * have always in readinefs, and that 
 ' efteds the Cure. 
 
 And the Efficacy of this has been 
 confirmed by many Experiments made 
 upon Dogs y and the healing Virtue 
 of Adders-fat, is owing to its clam- 
 my and' vifcid Parts ; and efpecially 
 in that it is more active and pene- 
 trating than other oily Subftances; by 
 ■which means it involves and fheaths 
 the volatile Salts of the Venom. And 
 for the fame Reafons, the Vipers Int 
 
 or Greafe, may be beneficial in all o- 
 ther Bites, and invenomed Wounds. 
 
 But if the Poifon is once gotten 
 into the Mafs of Blood, the chief 
 part of the Cure muft be performed 
 by inward means, while proper out- 
 ward Applications are ufed. 
 
 * Solleyfell recommends the EJfence 
 < of Vipers, which may be very good, 
 ' were it to be had at an eafy Rate 
 
 * in our Country. But however, if 
 ' this Di(afler hsppens to a Horfe of 
 
 * Value, 2 or 3 Ounces of the Pow- 
 
 * der of drv'd Adders, may be given 
 ' him in a Pint of Canary, and re- 
 
 * peated feveral times. 
 
 * But the Cure that is prefcribed 
 ' for Peftilenfial Fevers, chiefly con- 
 ' fifting of Counter -poifons, may be 
 ' very properly made ule of, and as 
 ' foon as the Malignity and Venom 
 
 * is overcome, the Sores may be ma- 
 ' naged as other Wounds and Ui- 
 
 * cers. 
 
 BIT-MOUTH. 
 
 Bit-mouth is a piece of Iron forged 
 ieveral Vv'ays, in order to be pur into 
 a Horfe's Mouth, to keep it in Sub- 
 jeftion. 
 
 Bit-mouths are of different Sorts,* 
 feme are Single- canon-mouths , and 
 fome have Canon-'mouths with an up- 
 fet or mounting Liberty, fbme Mouths 
 are after the form of a Barge, fome 
 Scatch-motiths, fome with two long, 
 turning O//^^^, and feveral other forts; 
 all either without Liberty, or with 
 different Liberties for the Tongue. 
 
 All Bit-mouths ought to be pro- 
 portioned to the Mouth of the Horfe, 
 according as it is more or lef) cloven 
 and wide, or more or lefs tender and 
 fenfible; according as the Tongue and 
 Lips are higher or flatter, and as the 
 Palate is more or lefs flefhy. 
 
 When a Horfe does not obey a 
 Bit-mouth that is well ordered, he is 
 faid to have a falfe Mouth. 
 
 The French call a Bit-mouth, that 
 is all of a piece, without a Joint in 
 
 the 
 
B L 
 
 ( 
 
 the middle, a Bit that prefles iie VEn- 
 tier. 
 
 BITUMEN. 
 
 Bitumen is a fort of Fatnefs of the 
 Earth that fwims above the Water, 
 ■which being thrown up upon the 
 Earth or Shore, condeniates and be- 
 comes hard, and looks like dry Pitch. 
 It mollifies, difcuffes, conglutinates, 
 and defends from Inflammation, It 
 clean les ail the Parts ot the Body of 
 grofs Humours, is good for Weak- 
 nefs of the Sinews, Palfcy, and Dif- 
 tempers of the Arteries proceeding 
 from a cold Caufe, 
 
 BLACK. 
 
 Bladi •■> More or Coal black, is the 
 Colour of a Horfe that is of a deep, 
 fhining, and lively black. 
 
 Black Hories are fuppos'd to have 
 a melancholick Humour predominant 
 in them. If he have a Star in his 
 Forehead, or a white Foot, it is ac- 
 counted a good Mark, and fuch Hor- 
 ies are iaid to be ftrong and fpright- 
 ly. But if a Horfe be all Coal black, 
 without a white Spot about him, he 
 will be melancholy, earthy and dull. 
 The Hungarians have a Notion, that 
 Men mounted on black Horfes, with- 
 out any white about them, are more 
 fuccefsful in War, than thofe of any 
 other Colour. 
 
 In Trance they look upon Jet black 
 Horfes, without any white Marks 
 at all, unlucky, and think that all Hor- 
 ies, that have not a white Star, or 
 Blaze in their Foreheads, are defec- 
 tive. And the Spaniards efteem thofe 
 Horfes that are all over black. 
 BLADDER. 
 
 The Bladder is feated in the low- 
 er Part of the Belly, within that Cir- 
 cumference, which is made by the 
 Loins, Hip-bones and Share-bones. It 
 is of an irregular Shape, fomething 
 refembling a Pear, compofed as the 
 Stomach and Guts of a Triple- coat 
 or Skin, the firft and ourermoft from 
 the Feritonmm or Rim of the Belly, 
 
 65- ) B L 
 
 the middlemoft Mufcular, the inner- 
 mofl very thin, white and bright, 
 and of an exquifite Senfe, having 
 Nerves both ft-om the Interco[ials, ^nd 
 Vertebr& of the Loins. Its Veins and 
 Arteries are Branches of the Hypo- 
 gajlricks. 
 
 The Bladder is perforated or bored, 
 not only where the Ureters enter in- 
 to it, but alfo in its Neck, to give 
 pafTage to the Urine, which runs a- 
 long rhe Urethra or Pifi-pipe, in or- 
 der to its Difcharge out of the Bo- 
 dy : The Neck of the Bladder is com- 
 poied of mufcular and flefhy Fibres, 
 v^hich form a fphinder Mufcle, which 
 opens and fliuts at pleafure. 
 
 The Ufe of the Bladder, is to re- 
 ceive the Urine from the Kidneys by 
 the Ureters, and to contain it till it is 
 {b full that by its quantity or (harp- 
 nefs, it becomes troublefome and un- 
 eafy to the Bead ; For as foon as it 
 becomes fb, by the Help of the Muf- 
 clcs of the Bel'y, and the middle muf- 
 cular Coat of the Bladder, it isprelfed 
 out by pilfing. 
 
 BLAZE. 
 
 Bla:Le is a white Mark upon a 
 Horfe, defcending from the Forehead 
 almofl to the Nofe. If the Blaze be 
 feparated, and divided in the middle 
 Crofs ways 5 fome fay, the Horfe 
 will be of an odd and fantaftick Na- 
 ture and Difpofition. And that if 
 the Blaze be thus divided in the mid- 
 dle, and the Horfe's near hind Foot 
 be white withal, then it will be a 
 good Mark, and in fome meifure 
 rcftify the Imperfection of the di- 
 vided Blaze. 
 BLEEDING AT THE NOSE. 
 
 The Caufe.'] The chief Caufe of 
 this Difeafe, is the thinnefs of the 
 Vein in the Head. 
 
 Ti?G.Cure.] ' Let the Horfe blood 
 ' in both the Plat-veins, and afcer- 
 * wards wind a Thumb-band of wet 
 ' Hay about the Neck, and throw 
 ' cold Water on the Thumb-band 
 F ' till 
 
B L 
 
 (66-) 
 
 B L 
 
 ' till the Blood is ftanched. Let the 
 
 * Band be Co long, that it may be 
 ' wound from the Ears to the Breaft. 
 
 ' The Juice of the Root or Leaves 
 
 * cf Net'tles, fquirted up the No{- 
 
 * tril?, will ftay the bkeding at the 
 
 * Nofe. 
 
 But that which is recommended 
 as the beft thing of all, to ftop bleed- 
 ing at the Nofe, is, * To hang a 
 
 * Hank ofCovemry blue Thread crofs 
 
 * a Stick, and to fet one end of it on 
 
 * Fire, and to fprinkle a little white 
 
 * Wine-vinegar on it, to keep it 
 ' from burning too fafl:, and to caufe 
 
 * the Horfe to receive the Smoak up 
 
 * his Noftrils, and it will flop the 
 « bleeding in a very fl:ort time, when 
 ' nothing elfe will do. 
 
 * Alfb the Juice of Coriander fquir- 
 
 * ted up the Noftrils, will (lay the 
 
 * bleeding: So will the Juice of Pen- 
 ' winkle. 
 
 * Take the Powder of Stone Ema- 
 ' chiUy and blow it up a Horfe's 
 
 * Nofe i or lay it to the Vein or 
 
 * Wound that bleeds, and it will 
 
 * ftanch them. 
 
 * Bruife the Root of Rhubarb in a 
 
 * Mortar, and ftop it into the Noftril 
 
 * that bleeds, and it will ftop the 
 
 * bleeding. 
 
 * Stamp Betony in a Mortar with 
 ^ Bay Salty or other nikite Salt with 
 
 * Wine-'vinegar, and put it into the 
 
 * bleeding Noftril, and it will ftop 
 
 * the bleeding. 
 
 To ftop Bleeding at the Kofe or in the 
 Mouthy where a great Gajlj has been 
 cut with a Fleam or Knife, or when 
 a Vein has been cut m the 6)uitter- 
 boncy and you find it difficult to ftop 
 the Bleeding. 
 
 ' Burn Linen Rags upon a Chafing 
 ' Difti of hot Coals, laving 5 or 4 
 
 * one upon another, making the Horle 
 
 * hold his Mouth over the Smoak all 
 
 * the Vvrhile; and as they are quench'd 
 
 * by the Blood falling out of the 
 
 <■ Horie's Nofe, you muft blow up 
 ' the Coals with your Mouth, till 
 
 * they have burnt the Rags as black 
 
 * as a Coal, then take the Rags thus 
 
 * burnt, and put them up an Hand 
 ' high into each of the Horfe's No- 
 
 * ftrils. Then hold up his Head, and 
 ' having 3 or 4 Quarts of ftrongBeer 
 < ready, pour it down his Throat, to 
 ' wafti down the Smoak and clotted 
 
 * Blood that lies in ir. 
 
 ' If he fnorts out thofe burnt Rags 
 
 * that you put in at firft, you muft 
 ' have others ready to put up his 
 
 * Noftrils again. And you ought both 
 ' when you fume him, as well as 
 ' when you ftop his Noftrils with 
 
 * burnt Rag?, to pour cold Beer down 
 
 * his Throat i becaufe the Blood run- 
 ' ning a contrary way, will be apt 
 ' to choak him. 
 
 If the Mouth of a Horfe be at 
 any time cut with a Fleam, by let- 
 ting him blood in the Mouth, the 
 Fleam glancing and cutting a Gafti in 
 his Mouth, which bleeds fo, that you 
 cannot ftop it, ' Then lay the burnt 
 ' Rags before- mentioned into the 
 ' Wound as hot as you can, and lay 
 ' another clean Rag over the Wound, 
 ' to keep the burnt Rags in, and in 
 
 * order to keep it clofe for 24 hours; 
 ' tye a fmall String overthwart on 
 ' each Iide of his Teeth, and then 
 ' you may take off the clean Rag; 
 
 * but you may let the burnt Rag lie 
 
 * on the Wound as long as you will, 
 
 * for that will draw and heal very 
 
 * much; and when they come out, 
 ' you may put in more, and do as 
 ' you did before. 
 
 If you cut a Quitter-bone till all 
 the Veins bleed, and you cannot o- 
 therwife ftanch the Blood, ' Then fill 
 
 * the Hole full of thefe burnt Rags, 
 ' and they v/ill ftop the Blood in a 
 ' ftiort time; but let them lie for 24 
 
 * hours, and they will draw it very 
 
 * white, £0 that you may fee what 
 
 * to do afterwards. This will ftop 
 
 * the 
 
 
B L 
 
 (67) 
 
 B L 
 
 « the Blood, either at the Nofe or fn 
 
 * any Wound. Gent. J-ockey. 
 THE BLEEDING OF A 
 
 WOUND. 
 
 * New Horfe-duno; tempered with 
 
 * Chalk and ftrong Vinegar, laid to a 
 
 * bleeding Wound, will flop it. Burnt 
 
 * Silk is likewife good for it. Two 
 
 * Ounces of the Horfe's Blood boil'd, 
 
 * and beat to Powder, and ftrew'd 
 
 * upon the Wound, will ftop the 
 
 * bleeding. 
 
 ' The Coam of a Smith's Forge 
 
 * laid to the Wound, will ftay bleed- 
 
 * ing. 
 
 AN INWARD BLEEDING. 
 
 * Shepherds-p0uch diftilled, and an 
 
 * Ounce given fading, will ftay an 
 ' inward Bleeding, whether natural, 
 
 * or unnatural j or Bur/a Pa/ioris brui- 
 
 * fed and apply 'd to the Place. 
 
 B L E Y N E S. 
 
 Solleyfell lays, Bleynes are Inflam- 
 mations caus'd by extravafated Blood 
 within the Coffin-bone, between the 
 Sole and the Bone of the Foot to- 
 wards the Heel, where it turns to 
 Matter, and occafions the following 
 Diforders : 
 
 He diftinguilhes Bleynes into three 
 Sorts : 
 
 T. The firft are generated in fpoil'd 
 and wrinkled Feet with narrow Heels, 
 and are ufually feated in the inward 
 or weakeft Quarter. Manag'd Hor- 
 ies are moft lubjedt to this Sort of 
 Bleyne, becaufe their Feet are ex- 
 tremely dry'd with the Dufl:, if they 
 be not carefully pick'd after they are 
 return'd from the Manage. 
 
 2. The fecond Sort, befides the 
 ufual Symptoms of the firft, infcdfs 
 the Grijlle; which muft be extirpaied 
 as in the Cure of the Quitter-bone. 
 This Sort of Bleyne is much more 
 dangerous than a ^Quitter-bone; for 
 many Horfes are kili'd by it, and 
 tho' fome efcape after a long and te- 
 dious Cure, yet others are lame for 
 rver after it. 
 
 It is Ibmetimes caus'd by an Over- 
 reach, which makes a Contufion 
 within, tho' it makes no Wound 
 without, and the bruifed Blood turns 
 to Matter, which endeavouring to 
 find a paflage, affc£ls the Grijile, and 
 being retain'd, grows to sl Scirrhous 
 Lump, which muft be taken out be- 
 low, and the Griftle above, and the 
 Sore cured by the lame Remedies 
 that will be prefcrib'd below for the 
 firft kind of Bleyne. 
 
 3. The third Sort of Bleyne is oc- 
 cafioned by fmall Stones and Gravel, 
 enclos'd between the Shoe and the 
 Sole; but this kind may be eafily 
 cured. 
 
 This Diftemper, he fiys, makes a 
 Horle halt very rauch, and if it be 
 negleded, you will be obliged to 
 make a large Inciiion, or take out the 
 Sole. And therefore in order to the 
 Cure of the firft kind o^ Bleyne, that 
 as loon as you perceive a Horfe to 
 be troubled with it, to pare the Hoof^ 
 and open the Bleyne to the Quick, in 
 order to let out the Matter, which is 
 of a brownifh Colour j and afterwards 
 to pour in Oil of Gabian, or de Mer- 
 ville, or the burning Balfam, and 
 charge the Hoof with a Remolade 
 made o^ Soot and Turpentine, and to 
 repeat this as oft as you fhall fee oc- 
 cafion, and by {o doing, it will pre- 
 vent the Impofthume from reaching 
 the Hair, which it would certainly 
 do, if you did not open a Paflage 
 for the Evacuation of the Matter. 
 
 But if you perceive an Impoft- 
 hume, mix Powder of Litharge with 
 Spirit of [Vine, and apply it to the 
 Place with F!ax. 
 
 Sometimes the Diftemper is fo 
 dangerous, as to occafion the cufting 
 of the Hoof--, for by realbn of the 
 Matter having been long ftagnated, 
 FeUnders and other Impurities are 
 generated, which confume and pu- 
 trify the Root of thc^uartsr, which 
 muft be cut off to the Cor9 tet. 
 
 F z And 
 
BL 
 
 (dS) 
 
 B L 
 
 And if the Cure be not perfected 
 by that Operation, then open the Sole 
 over againft the Part aggrieved, and 
 put a Probe in at the Corner of the 
 (Quarters, to learch the concavity and 
 bottom of the Sore. And if you 
 find nothing but Corruption, you 
 iTiUft make a large. Madon with a 
 Tlei;>.m or Razor, to let out the Mat- 
 ter, and difcover the bottom of the 
 Sore; but if there be no Scale or o- 
 ther Impurity in itjdref? the Hole as if 
 it h^d been caufed by a Prick or Nail. 
 
 The fccond fort of Eleyne is cured 
 as the firft; but during the Cure, in- 
 ilead of Oats, give the Horfe moif- 
 tfened Bran, with 2 Ounces of Liver 
 of Antimony every day, to divert the 
 Courfe of the Humours, and purify 
 the Blood. 
 
 The fame Remedies that are pro- 
 per for ^uitter-boies are good in 
 this Cafe. 
 
 The third fort of r>ley?:esy which 
 is occafioned by Stones or Gravel, 
 (^c. is to be managed as follows: 
 
 Pare the Foot, to difcover the 
 Sore,- and if there be no Matter gene- 
 rated, rake out the bruifed Sole; but 
 if the Matter be gathered, let it out, 
 and drefs the Sore, as if it were for a 
 a Prick or Nail. 
 
 If the Cure be begun in time, it 
 will foon be compleated ; but if it 
 has gathered ftrength, then you mufl: 
 have recourse to the Vulnerary IVater, 
 the burning Balfim, the Oils de Mer- 
 'uille, and of Gabian. In a word, it 
 depends upon the Evacuation of the 
 Ivlatrer below. 
 
 If the Shoe be ill fet on, or not 
 kept faft by the Nails, the Horie is in 
 danger, either of Surbating, or of the 
 BleyneSy and thofe Horfes that have 
 flat Feet, are moli liable to this In- 
 jury, becauie the Sand or Gravel en- 
 ters eafily between the Sole and the 
 Foot. 
 
 To prevent the firft Sort ofBleynes, 
 he adviies to keep the Horfe's 'Fee: 
 
 clean and moifr, making him ftand 
 f or 6 Hours every Day, with his 
 Fore- feet in his own Dung moillen'd 
 with Water. 
 
 It will alfb be convenient, when 
 he is fhod, to knock down the Heel, 
 that the Sinev/ may be extended, for 
 in thoi'e Horfes that have great Heels, 
 it is ufually crooked ; and the fame 
 Precaution will alfo prevent the Nar- 
 rownefs and Contradion of the Heels j 
 for Bleynes are almoft always occafi- 
 oned by the fhrinking of the infide of 
 the Hoof. To prevent which ill Con- 
 venience, he advifes to pare the Hoof^ 
 and fet on a Pantope JJyoe, and if a 
 Horfe be very much Hoof-bound, to 
 draw 3 or 4 Lines with a hot Iron 
 on the Hoof, from the lower part ot 
 the Coronet to the Shoe, and to keep 
 the infide Quarter very fupple and 
 moiff. 
 
 BLOOD. 
 HoTX) Blood is producd in the Bodies 
 of Anirnals. 
 In order to underftand how the 
 Blood is made, you are to confider 
 that the Subflance of a Horfe's Body 
 is fubjedf to a continual Difljpation. 
 Therefore Nature to repair that Di- 
 minution ot its proper Subflancc, has 
 given to Animals a natural Appetite 
 to Food, which they cut and grind 
 with their Teeth, and by the Help of 
 the Saliva or Spittle, and by the Af^ 
 fiflance of their Tongue, throw it 
 into their Stomach, where it is 
 changed into a white Liquor, called 
 Chyle. 
 
 When the Appetite is iatisfied, and 
 the Breaches which were made by 
 faffing are repaired, the lower Orifice 
 of the Stomach opens, and lets the 
 Chyle run into the fmall Guts; from 
 whence it is fuck'd by an infinite 
 Number of white Veins, which by 
 reafbn of their whitenef^, are call'd, 
 LacJeal Veinsy which are difperfcd 
 through the whole Mefeiitery, and 
 carry 'the Chyle into two Cifierns or 
 
 Re-' 
 
B L 
 
 (69) 
 
 B L 
 
 Receptacles, about the bignefs of a 
 Hen's Egg ; fituated in the middle 
 of the Mefentery, betwixt the two 
 Produftions of the D aphragm, ali a- 
 long the VertebrAs of the Loins. 
 
 From thefe Receptacles, there ariie 
 two Channels or Dud:s ca I'd iheH/o- 
 racick- duels-, bccaufe of their Situati- 
 on, or Chyh-ditBs becaufc of their 
 ufe ; the one upon the right lide, and 
 the other upon the left ; theie Du6ls 
 are about the bignefs of a writing 
 Qurll, and lie all along the great Ar- 
 tery, and afcending to the Sul^cUvifin 
 Veins y and there fuffer the Chyle to 
 mix with the Blood, and to be, in the 
 Courle of Circulation, thrown into 
 the right Ventricle of the Heart. 
 
 From thence, when the Heart com- 
 prciTes it felf, it is driven again into 
 the Lungs through the Fulmonary 
 Artery, and from the Lungs by the 
 Tuimonary Vein {-which Imh Anafto- 
 mC'fes or Communications with the 
 Tuimonary Artery ) it is carried into 
 the left Ventricle, where it is perfe(5l- 
 ed, and made more purcj and then 
 it is fent into the great Artery, from 
 whence it runs into all the Parts of 
 the Body for their Nourifliment. 
 
 Reafons for letting Blood. 
 
 1. Tlenitmle, which is an immode- 
 rate and exceffive quantity of Blood: 
 This is twofold ; one when the Vef- 
 lels are fo very full of Blood, that 
 they can fcarce contain it without 
 burfting ; the other is, when there is 
 more Blood than is neceflary for the 
 Entertainment of the Parts, fo that 
 Nature cannot govern ; for tho' there 
 is no fear of the Veins burfting, yet 
 a too great quantity of Blood gene- 
 rally opprefTcs and over-heats the 
 whole Body. 
 
 2. A fecond Reaibn is, the excef- 
 five Heat of Blood, that caufes it to 
 fiil the VciTels as in Fcversj in this 
 Cafe, bleeding rcfrefhes and appeafes 
 the Violence of it. 
 
 3. The third Reafon, that obliges 
 to let Blood, is to take away the 
 corrupt Humours, by leflening the 
 Quantity of bad Blood, which pro- 
 duces bad Effedls. 
 
 4. The fourth Reafon is, that 
 bleeding gives Vent to the Blood, 
 that hath not liberty enough to run, 
 and pafs fieely through its Veflels, 
 and fo facilitates its Motion. 
 
 f. The fifth is, to caufe a Revul- 
 fion by altering its Courfe, when the 
 Blood is carried from one Part to a- 
 nother with too great Impetuolity, 
 and in too great ^Abundance ; and 
 therefore we endeavour either to re- 
 tard its Courfe, or to turn it quite 
 another way. 
 
 6, The lixth Reafon is, to give 
 Eale and Relief to any fingle Part 
 that is overcharged with Blood, this 
 is done bv bleeding near the Part at- 
 flifted. 
 
 Bleeding is fometimes neceffary by 
 way of Prevention, for all Horles 
 that feed well, and labour but little. 
 
 Bleeding is alfo profitable for the 
 Farcy, Fevers, Mange, Strokes of all 
 kinds J for Defluxions upon any part 
 of the Body, for the Foundering, F?r- 
 tigo's, Head-aches, and many other 
 Difeafes. 
 
 But Blood-letting according to So!- 
 leyfell,h attended with Ill-convenien- 
 ces, when it is praclifed unleafona- 
 bly; for then it caufes a Revulfion of 
 the Spirits, which are the Source of 
 ftrength, and of the natural Heat. It 
 takes away the Aliment that is ap- 
 pointed for the Nourifhment of the 
 Parts. Therefore the ftrength of a 
 Horfo fliould be confulted, whether 
 he can endure bleeding or not ; and 
 alfo whether the Horfe be extenuated 
 or not i for if fo, he would rather 
 need to have it made up by feeding, 
 than to k)fe his Blood. 
 
 Bleeding will immediately attrafl 
 
 the Air into their Vacuities, and the 
 
 Air being an umVerfal Spirit, if it be 
 
 F 3 pure 
 
B L 
 
 ( 70 ) 
 
 B L 
 
 pure and clear, will not alter the 
 Blood, but fill it with pure Atoms, 
 which will redtify it : But on the 
 contrary, if it be moift, it will mix 
 the Blood with noifome Seroiiiiesi 
 with which the Veins do often a- 
 bound. 
 
 He likewifedifapproves of bleeding, 
 vvhen the Moon is in Oppofition to 
 the Sun, that is, when it is full 
 Mooni or ^/hen they are in Con- 
 junction, /. e. when it is new Moon i 
 or when they are in Square, Vv'hich 
 is the Quarters, becaufe in all rhele 
 times, bleeding is prejudicial. 
 
 He afferts, that before he made 
 thefe Obfervations, he caus'd Horfcs 
 to be bled, which once bleeding had 
 almofl: coft them their Lives; but 
 fince, chiefly by bleeding them at 
 proper and icafonable times, he mani- 
 feftly favedthem. 
 
 He alfo difTuades from bleeding 
 Horfes in xht So!Jiices or Eo^uinoxesi 
 becaiilc thefe are times when Nature 
 is a kind of Sufferer, and therefore 
 waits fome Crilis, or other extraor- 
 dinary Effect i but he would have it 
 done, eirher two Days before, or two 
 Days a:"ter. 
 
 If a Horfe be Cholerick, he adviies 
 to bleed him when the Moon is in 
 a Watery Sign ; fucb as Cancer, Scor- 
 pio, or Fi/ces ; if he be Sanguine, when 
 it is in any of the Earthy Signs, as 
 Tauvtti, Virgo and Capricorn; if he 
 be Fhlegmatick, when it is in one ot 
 the Fiery Signs, as Aries, Leo and 
 Sagittary 5 if he be Meiancholich, 
 when it is in an Airy Sign, as Gemi- 
 ni, Libra and Aquarius. 
 
 "When Hories are bled by way of 
 Prevention, he iays, it fliould be' for 
 young Horfes, the t'burth or fifth Day 
 of the Moon : And for old, when 
 it is 3 or 4 Days paft the full : But 
 both young and old fhould be let 
 blood as feldcm as pofTibly may be. 
 
 Nor fhould cold and phlegmatick 
 Kprfes be let blood j nor thofe that 
 
 work in an exceifivc cold Country, 
 no more than thofe in other Cli- 
 mates in the great Heats, becaufe in 
 that time, their Bodies have more 
 need to be ftrengthened than weak- 
 ened. 
 
 How to knov? rohen a Horfe wants to 
 he let blood. 
 
 If a Horfe flands in need of bleed- 
 ing, his Eyes will look Red, and his 
 Veins will fwell more than ordina- 
 ry; and he will have a certain Itch 
 about his Mane and Tail, and will 
 be continually rubbing them; and al- 
 fo will fhied fome of his Hair; he 
 will now and then pill about the 
 Roots of his Ears, or in thole Places 
 where the Head-ftall of the Bridle 
 lies; his Urine will be red and high 
 coloured, and his Dung will be black 
 and hard: Alfo if there be red Inflam- 
 mations or little Bubbles on his Back, 
 or he does not digefl his Meat well j 
 or if the Whites of his Eyes, or the 
 infide of his Lips either upper or ne- 
 ther, be yellow. And there are alfo 
 other Signs beHdes thefe. 
 
 In letting blood, do not take fo 
 much from a Colt as an old Horfe, 
 and but the fourth part from a year- 
 ling Foal; and have regard always to 
 the Age and Strength of the Horfe. 
 
 Before you let him blood, chafe 
 or exercife him moderately, and let 
 him refl a Day before you bleed him, 
 and 5 Days after, except on urgent 
 Occaiions requiring it, April and Oc- 
 tober are the two principal times for 
 that purpofe. 
 
 If the Horfe drink before he is 
 blooded, he will bleed the better, if 
 he be not heated. 
 
 While he is bleeding, put a Finger 
 into his Mouth, and tickle him in 
 the Roof and make him chaw and 
 move his Chaps, and that will caufe 
 it ro fpin out. 
 
 When he has bled fuf^iciently, rub 
 his Body all oyer with it, efpecially 
 
 the 
 
B L 
 
 (71 ) 
 
 B L 
 
 the Place where he is blooded; for 
 the antient Fyriers were of Opinion, 
 that it is endued with a certain na- 
 tural Virtue, to comfort the weak 
 and feeble Members of a Horfe, and 
 to dry up all evil Humours. 
 
 Tye him up to the Rack for an 
 Hour or two, left he bleed afrelh; 
 for that v/ill turn his Blood. 
 
 precautions to be obferved in letting 
 Blood. 
 
 When a Horfe is to be let blood, 
 he advifes that he not only reft the 
 Day before, but alfb the Day after. 
 
 That early in the Morning before, 
 he be ty'd up to the Rack, and be 
 neither watered nor curried, lead his 
 Spirits be too much moved and agi- 
 tated; to draw about 3 Pounds of 
 Blood, and to tye him to the Rack 
 again for 2 Hours. And then to give 
 him fome fcalded Bran or a Mafh, 
 which you may make as follows : 
 
 * Put half a Peck of Malt well 
 
 * ground into a wooden VeiTel, boil 
 
 * a Gallon of Water, and put as much 
 
 * of it into the Malt as will moiften 
 
 * it, ftirring the Malt well, and then 
 « put in the reft of the Water, and 
 
 * being well mixed, cover up the 
 ' Veftel with Cloths, and keep it 
 
 * warm, till you are ready to give it 
 
 * to the Horfe, which may be for 
 
 * two Hours; then ftir it about, and 
 
 * crufli aid fqueeze the Malt well, 
 
 * and then give it to the Horfe luke- 
 
 * warm. 
 
 Some who are very careful of their 
 Horfes, give them only Bran inftead 
 of Oats the Day before bleeding; the 
 Day it felf, and the Day after; and 
 for thefe 3 Days he fhould be fuf- 
 fered to reft, or at leaft that Day, and 
 have no-hing but Bran. 
 
 The Quantity of Blood fhould be 
 as the Horfe is a greater or a lefler 
 Feeder, and as his Veins are full and 
 ftretch'd, and accordingly as it ifTues 
 forth with Violence, conftantly re- 
 
 garding the Quality of the Difeafe, 
 his Strength, Age, and the Seafbn. 
 
 It is a conflant Maxim, never to 
 make too great Evacuations by bleed- 
 ing, except for very good and pr ef- 
 fing Reafons, becaufe a ^reat Diflipa- 
 tion of the Spiiirs is caus'd thereby, 
 which weakens a Horfe fo, that his 
 Members cannot fo ealily perform 
 their Fund:ions ; and becaufe by it 
 Crudities are formed in the Veins, 
 which are the Source and Original of 
 feveral Difeafes, 
 
 To judge of the ^ucintity and Qua- 
 lity of Blood. 
 
 He advifes to bleed a Horfe into a 
 Veftel, the Content of which you 
 know, that you may fee when 
 you have taken away a fufEcient 
 Quantity ; then to let it ftand to fix 
 and congeal, in order to know its 
 Quality. 
 
 While a Horfe is bleeding, he di- 
 rects to obferve, if it runs calmly 
 and flowly without any Impetuofi- 
 ty; and whether it fticks to your 
 Fingers when you touch it ,- which 
 if it does, it is a Sign that it is Vif- 
 cons, and will be likely to occafion 
 Obftru£lions. If fo, the Horfe re- 
 quires frequent bleed 'ng : For fuch 
 Blood is a Sign of Repletion, or that 
 the Horfe hath too great Abundance 
 of it. 
 
 Blood which froths much, beto- 
 kens Heat and Agitation of the Spi- 
 rits; thence you may conclude, he 
 has been over-heated, either by fuper- 
 fluous Nourifhment or too violent 
 Labour, or elfe that he is of a vigo- 
 rous Conftitution : And fuch a Horfe 
 fhould be let blood at leaft twice a 
 Year by way of Prevention. 
 
 When Blood coagulates quickly, 
 and hath a great many Fibres in ir, 
 it is a Sign it is thick and rerreftrial ; 
 but it it does not eafily congeal, it is 
 a Sign it is more fluid and fubtil. 
 
 F4. 
 
 If 
 
B L 
 
 (70 
 
 B L 
 
 If the Blood is ferous, that is wate- 
 ry, it is a Sign of weaknefs in the 
 Reins, or an Obftrudlion in the 
 Veins; or that the Pores of the Skin 
 are ftopt with Dud, the Horfe not 
 having been well curried, which 
 has hindred the infenlible Tranfpira- 
 tion and Exhalation of thofe Vapours, 
 which are the Excrements of the 
 third and laft Concodlion that is per- 
 fbrined in the Habit of the Body. 
 
 Blood, the Superficies of which is 
 yellow, but black beneath, betokcn- 
 eth a great deal of Hear, and that 
 Bile predominates. 
 
 Blood full of Phlegm and Water, 
 is a Sign that the Horle is of a cold 
 and moifl Conilitution, and that he 
 fhould never be let blood, but upon 
 neceffity. 
 
 Blood of a Earthy Colour, is a 
 Sign that a Horfe is Melancholy, and 
 therefore fl;ould be let blood but £^1- 
 dom. 
 
 If Blood be very red, it is a Sign 
 that it is good; if yellow, that it is 
 bilious-, if pale and whiit/Ij, t|iat it is 
 not well prcpar'd, and abounds with 
 Phlegm ; if it is liziJ and grsenifJ), it 
 is a Sign that it is melancholick and 
 terrejlrial. 
 
 In order to judge of the Quality 
 of Blood, it fliould not be fet where 
 the Sun may dry it, nor in the Smoke, 
 Wind, nor Duft, or any thing that 
 may be a hindrance to the making a 
 Judgment of it. 
 
 If Blood will not congeal and fix, 
 it is a Sign that the Horfe is full of 
 bad Humours, and that he ftands in. 
 need of being frequently bled in fmall 
 quantities, and purged to difcharge 
 the corrupt Humours, which by their 
 putrefying do over-heat the Biood in 
 tht Veins, and by that means are the 
 Caufe of all Difeafcs.. 
 . When the Blood is thick and vif- 
 cous, £o that if you break it with 
 your Fingers, it immediately rejoins, 
 and continues firm and has a good 
 
 Colour, it is a Sign of plenitude, and 
 that the Horfe requires frequent bleed- 
 ing. 
 
 To judge of Blood by the Tade, 
 the fvpeetefi Blood is the beft, and 
 moft natural: That which is infipid, 
 is Vituitous and Vhlegmatick ; that 
 which is bitter, is Bilious and Chole- 
 ric!;; that which is acid or fiiptick, is 
 Terrejlrial and Melancholy; and that 
 which is faltifi, is a Sign o!^ brack tfi 
 Vhlegm. 
 
 BLOODY FLUX. 
 The follawing Remedies are much 
 recommended, 'viz. 
 
 * Half a Handful of Shepherds-purfe, 
 ' and as mnch Tanners -bar I: takeiV out 
 ' of the Fat and dry'd, boiled in 3 
 ' Pints of Red'Tvine, till fbmething 
 ' more than one Pint is wafted away, 
 ' and having drained it hard, give it 
 ' lukewarm to the Horfe to drink j 
 
 * and it may not be aniifs, to add a 
 ' little Cinnamon to it. 
 
 ' Some diflblve a quarter of a 
 ' Pound of the Conferve of Sloes iri 
 ' a Pint of Red-wine, and give it the 
 
 * Horfe to drink. 
 
 Another excellent Receipt. 
 
 * Put an Ounce of ifmg-glafs into 
 ' a little fair Water, and let it diflblve 
 ' over the Fire, and then put it to 5 
 
 * Pints of new Milk over a gentle 
 ' Fire. Then ftrain it through 3 
 ' coarfe Sieve, to clear the juice from 
 ' the Dregs ; there will then be but 
 
 * a Quart left, and give it to the 
 ' Horle lukewarm in the Morning 
 ' faffing, and it will cure in 2 or 5 
 ' times. 
 
 ' In order to make the Ifmg-glafs 
 
 * diflblve the more eafily, it will be 
 ' befl to pound it in a Mortar, and 
 ' then to take it in pieces, and if it 
 
 * be good, it will flake off like a 
 
 * Wafer, and be tranfparent. 
 
 Some fay, a Bloody Vlux is only 
 an advanced degree of a Diarrhsa, 
 ^nd of that ibrt eipecially that pro- 
 
 ceedi 
 
B L 
 
 (73) 
 
 B L 
 
 ceeds from a Profufion of the Pan- 
 creatick and bilious Juices; for that 
 when the Difcharge from thofe Parts 
 is very much inlarged, it caufes a 
 greater Influx of Blood and Humours 
 towards them ; which, becaufe they 
 are more than can be converted in- 
 to the proper Juices, forces it felf 
 through the Interftices of the Veffels, 
 and is difcharg'd into the Guts with 
 thofe Juices. 
 
 That this Difbemper has different 
 Appearances ,• fometimes refembling 
 the Wafliings of Flefii ; fometimes it 
 has a Mixture of purulent Matter and 
 Corruption glong with it; and fome- 
 times there comes away little or no- 
 thing but pure Blood; but thi,": lafl: 
 ibrt for the moft part proceeds from 
 an Aperture of the H<imorrhoidal 
 yelFels. 
 
 Horles are "very ieldom troubled 
 with a Bloody Flux, and therefore 
 Solleyfell has not given it a Place a- 
 mong other Difeafcs of the like Na- 
 ture ; yet as the Diftemper is not in- 
 con(]flent with the Oeconomy of a 
 Horfe, and moft Authors do aver, 
 they have met with it in all its Ap- 
 pearances, make ufe of x.\\t following 
 Piredions tor the Cure: 
 • And becauie a Bloody Flux com- 
 monly happens, before the Body has 
 been very much wafted with a Loofe- 
 nefs, it may be proper firft to make 
 a Revu'fion, by taking away a mods- 
 rate Quantity of Blood from the 
 Keck-vein. 
 
 In all Fluxes of Blood, this is con- 
 venient from the inferior Parts, un- 
 lefs a Horfe fhould be exceeding 
 weak. 
 
 If after the Horfe has been blood- 
 ed, there be a Mixture of purulent 
 corrupt Matter, it will be proper to 
 purge moderately, with thoie things 
 proper for a Lax or Scouring, (which 
 fee in Letter L or S.) and alfb make 
 ufe of all the other Medicines that 
 are recommended to make a Revul- 
 
 fion by Sweat, and infenfible Tranfpi- 
 ration; and alfb the aflringent Gly- 
 flers, that you will find there iet 
 down, which in moil: Cafes will ef- 
 feft the Cure. Or make ufe of the 
 following Glyfler : 
 
 ' Boil a quarter of a Pound ofo^r;^- 
 £>ark, 2 Ounces of the Roots of 
 Torment il, a Handful of Balaujlines, 
 md the fame quantity of Red-rofe 
 Leaves, in a Quart of Forge-rpater. 
 Then flrain the Decodion, and add 
 to it 5 Ounces of Diafcord'mm, an 
 Ounce of Mtthridnte, and half aa 
 Ounce of Opium. Lnjedl it warm, 
 and repeat it as often as there fliall 
 be occafion. And if you have a 
 Syringe with a pretty' large Pipe, 
 you may fometimes add two Oun- 
 ces of Bole in Powder, or Sealed- 
 Earth. 
 
 ' Above all things, take Care not 
 to mix any Oil or Butter, or any 
 other greafy Matter with Glyflers 
 for this Purpoie; becaufe they are 
 contrary to the Nature of thefe Ap- 
 plications; and will not only ren- 
 der the Operation inefPedual, but 
 augments the Difeafe, and will in- 
 f!ead of affringing and fortifying 
 the Bowels, weaken them, by, cau- 
 fing a greater Relaxation of their 
 Fibres. 
 
 STALING OF BLOOD, or 
 FLUX OF URINE. 
 
 The Caufe of fialing Blood.'] Altho* 
 fialing of Blood may fometimes pro- 
 ceed from an Ulceration of the Kid- 
 neys, when they are worn and ab- 
 raded by Sand, or gritty Matter, or 
 by the Acrimony and Sharpnefs of 
 the Corruption that proceeds from 
 the Ulcer ; yet the moft ufual Caufe 
 of it happens, when the Renal Dudls 
 have been over much diflended, and 
 for the mofl part, Blood follows a 
 too great Profufion of Urine. 
 
 The Caufe of a Flux of Urine.] 
 
 An immoderate Flux of Urine often 
 
 happen?. 
 
B L 
 
 C 74) 
 
 B L 
 
 happens, when the Serum of the 
 Blood is too much attenuated and 
 thin J or when the Pores of the Skin 
 are too much conftringed and fhut 
 up, or elfe when the Renal Du£ls, 
 that is to fay the fmall Canals 
 which open into the Bafon or hollow- 
 part of the Kidneys, are too much 
 extended and dilated j and by that 
 means the Serum is feparated from 
 the Kidneys in too great quantity. 
 
 As to the too great Attenuation 
 of the ferous Parts of the Blood, that 
 is moft commonly caus'd by travel- 
 ling in hot Weather, or eating hot 
 and fpirituous Herbs in the beginning 
 of Grafs Seafon. And alfo by the 
 Pores of the Skin being obftrudled, 
 and fhut up by riding in Night Fogs j 
 or by a Horle being expos'd to the 
 Cold, when he has been over-heated. 
 ' The Renal Du^s may alfo be di- 
 Jated and extended, by eating Snow 
 with the Grafs in Winter; it being 
 faid to abound very much with Ni- 
 tre; or it may proceed from drinking 
 too much Water, efpecially when a 
 Horfe is put to hard Exerciie; for 
 by that means it fuddenly precipi- 
 tates, and falls downwards in too 
 great a quantity into the Reins, fo 
 that the Du6^s before-mentioned be- 
 come widened beyond their ufualDi- 
 mcnfions. 
 
 '■ The Cure.] Whether or no there 
 is only a too great Profulion of Urine, 
 or a Flux ot Blood, the Cure is to 
 be perform'd chiefly by (uch Medi- 
 cines, as ftrengthcn and agglutinate, 
 and by thofe things that will divert 
 the Humours another way by open- 
 ing the Pores. 
 
 But in cafe of Blood, a Vein is to 
 be opened in the Neck or Breaft, by 
 that means to make as quick a Re- 
 vulfion as may be,becaufe fomerimes 
 this fort of Haemorrhage proves fatal 
 to Horfes, and that very fuddenly 
 too. And afterwards cooling Glyf- 
 tcrs in which Sal Fclychreji or Sal 
 
 VrunelU has been diflblved, will be 
 very good, as follows: 
 
 ' Diffolve Sal Polychrefium, or Sal 
 
 * PrunelU, or Salt-'petrCj in 2 Quarrs 
 
 * of the Decodiion of Mallorvs or 
 
 * Mar/jj-mallotpsi pur in a quarter of 
 
 * a Pound of Oil or frefli Butter, and 
 
 * injed: itjukewarm. 
 
 You may alfo give the following 
 Drench for 2 or 5 Days : 
 
 * Take a Pint of Tlantane Water, 
 
 * half a Pint o^ Treacle Water, two 
 
 * Ounces of fapan-earth, the like 
 ' quantity of Bole, three Ounces of 
 
 * Diafcordium or Mithridate, and 10 
 
 * Grains of Sugar of Lead. Or you 
 may give the following Balls : 
 
 ♦ Take Gum-Arabick and Gum- 
 
 * Tragacanth, of each a quarter of a 
 
 * Pound ; dry'd Lio[uorice, the Seeds 
 
 * of Melons and white Poppies, of ezch 
 ' an Ounce ; Gourds and Cucumber 
 
 * Seeds, of each half an Ounce, and 
 
 * 2 Ounces of Starch ; powder them 
 
 * very fine, and make them into 
 
 * Balls, each weighing two Ounces, 
 
 * with the Mucilage of the Roots 
 
 * of MarJJj-mallovps and Fenugreek- 
 ^ feeds. 
 
 Give the Korfe one of thefe Balls 
 an Hour before his Water, Morning 
 and Afternoon, till his Urine ceafes 
 to be bloody. 
 
 If the Flux of Blood be violent, 
 
 * Diflblve 2 Ounces of Salt or Sugar 
 ' of Lead, in a Qtiart of Vinegar or 
 
 * Verjuice, and apply it cold to the 
 
 * Horfe's Breaft, and it will {fop it 
 
 * prefently ; except it proceeds from 
 
 * fbme pretty large Branch of an Ar- 
 
 * tery, and then it will probably 
 
 * prove mortal; except the Rupture 
 
 * be in the urinary Pai!age, where it 
 
 * may be reach'd by a Styptick In- 
 
 * jedion. 
 
 ' If the Horfe has a Fever, his 
 
 * feeding muft be very moderate; but 
 
 * if he has no other Accident but aj 
 ' Flux of Urine, he may be permit- 
 
 * ted to feed more liberally, and you. 
 
B L 
 
 (7S) 
 
 B L 
 
 * may ftrcw the Seeds of Gourds, 
 
 * Melons or white Poppes among his 
 
 * Oats i or you may cut 3 or 4 vehite 
 
 * Poppy Heads, and boil them in his 
 
 * Water j or you may give him now 
 
 * and then a Pint of /vjeet Oil. 
 
 All the things before- mentioned 
 are proper, to blunt the Afperity and 
 Sharpnels of the Urine, which abrades 
 the VefTels, and caules the Flux of 
 Blood. 
 
 r The Horfe muft not be fuffered 
 to drink too much Water, but ra- 
 ther let him have it a little and of- 
 teif, unlefs it be foftened as before di- 
 rected. 
 
 PISSING OF BLOOD. 
 
 If a Horfe be ridden long and 
 hard, or overheated by immoderate 
 Exercife during the great Heats of 
 Summer* it will cauie him to pifs 
 pure Blood. And this Difeaie is fre- 
 quently mortal ,• efpecially if fome 
 large Vein or VeiTel be broken, which 
 difcharges the Blood into the Blad- 
 der. ^ 
 
 But fbmetimes Horfes pifs Blood 
 in great Abundance, without Fever, 
 Lofs of Appetite, or any other Ap- 
 pearance ot Indifpofition; in this Cafe 
 the Flux ot Blood proceeds from the 
 excedive Heat of the Kidneys, and is 
 curable. 
 
 And tho' they may be thought to 
 pifs all Blood, it is not fo, for a lit- 
 tle Blood will tinge a great deal of 
 Urine, and if proper Remedies beap- 
 ply'd, thefirft Days of the Diftemper, 
 the Cure will be eafily accompliihedj 
 in order to which, 
 
 ' Bleed the Horfe, and give him 
 
 * every Morning 3 Pints of White- 
 
 * vine, made emetick by the Infufi- 
 
 * on of unwafli'd Crocus Metallorum, 
 
 * i. e. Liver of Atitimony. The Ni- 
 
 * tre will tinge the Wine with a 
 
 * red Colour, and make it ofadmira- 
 
 * ble Efficacy, for it will both cleanfe 
 
 * and heal, which are the two main 
 
 * Intentions of the Cure," Let the 
 
 Horfe be bridled 4 Hours before the 
 Wine is given him, and 4 Hours 
 after it. Repeat the Dofe every 
 Day for 6 or 7 Days, and the Flux 
 of Blood will ceale, and the Horfe 
 will be in a fair way of Recovery. 
 For the Emetick Wine does expel 
 all Impurities out of the Bladder, 
 and confolidates the Part ; which is 
 all that can be defired for the Cure 
 of this Diftemper. 
 
 ' If the PiJJmg of Blood be attended 
 with Heat; and a Palpitation of the 
 Flanks; then give the Horfe a good 
 cooling Glyfler every Evening 5 
 bleed him a fecond time, if there 
 be orcafion, and difTolve 2 Ounces 
 o? Sal Polychrefium in the 3 Pints 
 of Emetick Wine, and proceed thus 
 till the Horfe is cured. 
 
 « If the Sal Volychrejlum makes 
 him forfake his Meat, give him for 
 once or twice an Ounce of com- 
 mon Treacle, or that which is 
 call'd Diatejfaron, in his Emetick 
 Wine, and when his Appetite is re- 
 covered, return again to the Sal Po* 
 lychrefium ,• but you mufl: not ex- 
 ceed an Ounce or two at mofl. 
 Another Remedy. 
 
 * Take two Ounces of the bef! 
 
 * Treacle of Andromachiis, or if that 
 
 * cannot be eafily procured of D/4- 
 
 * teffaron ; of common Honey and 
 
 * fine Sugary of each 4 Ounces j mix 
 
 * and incorporate them well in a 
 ' Mortar, then add the Powder of 
 
 * Annifeeds, Coriander-feeds, and Li- 
 
 * quorice, ot each two Ounces; mix 
 
 * them well together, and difTolve 
 
 * the whole in a Quart of Claret. 
 
 * Let the Horfe be kept bridled three 
 
 * Hours before the Dofe is given him, 
 ' and as long after it, and bleed him 
 
 * the Day following. 
 
 The next Day after he has been 
 blooded, give him this Glyjler: 
 ' Put 2 Ounces of Scoria of Liver 
 
 * of Antimony finely powdered, into 
 
 * S Pints of Whey made of Cows 
 ' • - - « Milk, 
 
C 76) 
 
 B L 
 
 ' Milk. Boil it, and as fbon as it be- 
 
 * gins to rife in great Bubbles, take it 
 
 * off the Fire, and p^jt in 4, Ounces 
 
 * of Oil of Olhes, and injeft it luke- 
 
 * warm. If the Difeafe fhould con- 
 « tinue, as probably it will not, then 
 
 * repeat the whole Courfe. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take Knof-gra/s, Blood-wort of 
 
 * the Hedge, Garden Blood-rporr,Com- 
 ' frey. Poly podium of the Wall, and 
 
 * Shepherd's-purfe, of each a Hand- 
 
 * ful; fhred them rmall,and put them 
 
 * into a Quart of Beer, and boil them ; 
 « then put to them feme Salt, Leven 
 
 * SiUdSoot-j mix them well together, 
 « and give it the Horfe. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take 5 or 4 red Sprats, or a red 
 
 * Herring with a hard Row, chop 
 
 * them fmall, and (leep them in a 
 
 * Quart of Jirang Beer for half an 
 
 * Hour, and give it the Horfe luke- 
 
 * warm in a Morning fading, as long 
 
 * as you find him pifs Blood 5 or you 
 
 * may give it any time in the Day, 
 
 * with about a Spoonful of Bole-Ar- 
 
 * moniack in it, and it will efFc<5l the 
 
 * Cure in twice giving. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take 2 or 3 JVild-Briar-Apples, 
 ' if they be fmall, beat them to a 
 
 * Powder very fine, taking out the 
 « Sticks that are in them, and boil 
 
 * them in a Quart of Beer, and give 
 
 * it the Horfe fading as long as he 
 
 * dales Blood. If fome of the Pow- 
 
 * der of Hobgoblin be added to it, it 
 
 * will be the better, and will certain- 
 
 * ly cure him in 2 or 5 times gi- 
 
 * ving. You mud be fure not to 
 ^ bleed him, if you do, it will en- 
 
 * danger his Life. Thefe Apples are 
 
 * to be given when they are ripe, 
 
 * which h about the latter end of 
 
 * l\ov ember. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Chop a good Handful of Arfe- 
 
 * fmart very fmall, and boil it in a 
 
 * Quart of good Beer, let it dand to 
 ' cool, and give the Horfe it, as long 
 
 * as he dales Blood, with the Pov/- 
 
 * der of Bole- Ar moniack, and it will 
 
 * cure in 2 or 3 times giving. 
 
 BLOSSOM. 
 
 A Blojfom or P^^c^- coloured Horle, 
 is one that has white Hair, but all 
 over intermixt with Sorrel and Bay- 
 hairs. Thofe Hories are commonly 
 fo infenfible and hard both in the 
 Mouth and the Flanks, that they are 
 fcarce valued j and beiides they are apt 
 to turn blind. ^ 
 
 TO BLOW. 
 
 To blow upon the Hair. See Bouil- 
 lon. 
 
 A BLOWER. 
 
 After you have feen that a Horfe's 
 Flank is right and found, obferve 
 whether the Horfe be not a Blower 
 or IVheez^er, which is quite different 
 from Burfynefs. For he that is a 
 Blower or Wheezer, when ever you 
 either Gallop or Trot him., will in a 
 little time puff and blow fb exceed- 
 ingly, that it will furprize you ; but 
 then if you dop him, and view his 
 Flank, you will find it but very little 
 moved, and very near in the fame 
 Condition that it ought to be ; again 
 trot or gallop him a little, and you 
 will perceive him to blow furioufly, 
 as if he were going to burd ; but if 
 you dop and view his Flank, you 
 will perceive it move naturally : So 
 that one could hardly imagine, that 
 it was the Flank of the fime Horfe, 
 that but jud before blow'd and 
 wheez'd at fuch a Rate. 
 
 But for all this, thefe Blowers, 
 JVheezers, or flwrt Breathers, do not 
 otherwife want Wind ; for if this 
 Imperfcftion did proceed from want 
 of V/ind, their Flanks would be agi- 
 tated, and after Exercife, very vio- 
 lently; but it is not fo, for they have 
 their Flanks in a manner as good, as 
 any other Horfe; that are found ; aiid 
 
 hoki 
 
B L 
 
 (77) 
 
 B O 
 
 hold out very near as well, as if they 
 
 i had not that Imperfedtion. 
 
 I Tills Imperfe<£tion does not pro- 
 
 j ceed from any defedl in the Lungs, 
 
 or thofe Parts which depend upon 
 
 themi but from the narrownefs of 
 
 the Conduits of Refpiration, and 
 
 fometimes from a Dcfe6l in the Paf- 
 
 fage of the Nofe. 
 
 Again, there are other Horles which 
 are thick winded, and blow as they 
 are working ; but not lo much as 
 thofe which wheezle j but however 
 they pufF and blow very much, and 
 tho' their Flanks do not redouble, as 
 in a Purfy Horfe, to give them eafe, 
 yet they are not more moved or dif- 
 ordered by it, than the above-men- 
 tioned Blowers or Wheezers are. In 
 a Word, a thick-winded Horfe is 
 one v/ho hath his breathing a little 
 more free than a Blower y but yet 
 blows a great deal when he is exer- 
 cifed ; So that neither of them are 
 fit for any great Service. But how- 
 ever, a Pcrfon may be miftaken in 
 them, for a Horfe that has flood a 
 long time in the Stable without Ex- 
 ercife, will at the firft riding be out 
 of Wind, akho' he be neither a Blower 
 nor thkk-wmded. 
 
 There are aifb fbme Blowers or 
 Wheez.ersy that rattle and make a 
 Noife thorough their Nofcj as if the 
 PafTage's of Refpiration were flopped ; 
 but this Imperfedion goes and comes, 
 and proceeds only from abundance of 
 Phlcgmatick Stuff, and is no Sym- 
 ptom at all of the Horfes being Pur- 
 fy : For his Flanks Vv^ill no ways re- 
 double, nor will he have a CougJi 
 with ir, and therefore cannot be 
 Purfy. 
 
 But none of thefe Horfes are pro- 
 per for running or courling 3 for they 
 would feem as if they were going to 
 barfl at every Stretch they make: 
 And as for Journey Pads, ojie of the 
 beft Properties they can have, is to 
 have a good Windj becaufe they will 
 
 then perform with more Pleafure,' 
 both to the Rider and themfelves. 
 
 In buying of Coach-horfes, to pre- 
 vent being deceived, fee them draw : 
 For fome while they are Ihewing or 
 making their Parade, will trot mute- 
 ly with their Shoulders free and eafy, 
 and having a good Movement with 
 their Legs, will plant their Feet right 
 upon the Ground, and keep their 
 Heads high and firm, but yet being 
 harnefled, and put to a Coach, will 
 puff and blow Hkc Oxen, /. e. are 
 Blovpers. 
 
 BLUE-BOTTLE. 
 
 Blue-bottle is in quality cold, drjT 
 and binding. The Leaves being dry'd 
 and powdered, are good to be given 
 inwardly for broken Veins ; and gi- 
 ven in Plantain Water, is an Anti- 
 dote againft Poifon and the Plague. 
 The Juice of the green Herb, is good 
 to heal up Wounds. And the Juice 
 of the Leaves, dropp'd into the Eyes, 
 takes away Inflammations. 
 TO BOAR. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to boar, when he 
 fhoots out his Nofe as high as his 
 Ears, and tofles his Nofe in the 
 W^ind. 
 
 BOARS-GREASE. 
 
 Boars-greafe is faid to have the 
 fame efi'e6l with Bears-greafe (which' 
 fee) but that it is not quite fo effica- 
 cious. 
 
 BODY. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be well bodied, 
 when he is thick flanked, and high- 
 beliied. See Belly, and Light-belly d, 
 BOLE-ARMONIACK. 
 
 Bole-Armoniack is fuppos'd to have 
 fome imall Mixture Oi Iron in its 
 Compofition, and that its Medicinal 
 Virtues do in fome meafure depend 
 on that. That fort of it is accoun- 
 ted the befl that is of a pilifh red, fac 
 and foftilh upon the Palate. 
 
 It is an ctHcacious Medicine in all 
 ViarrhAAs, Scourings and Loofenejfesy 
 
 in 
 
B O 
 
 (7S) 
 
 B O 
 
 in all inward Wounds, Brulies and 
 Ulcerations, and in all kind of Rheums 
 and Defluxions, and h of as great 
 Service in external Applications, in 
 Charges, Plaifters and Ointments, to 
 dry up fuperfluous Humours, and to 
 ftrengthen Parts that are weak and 
 telaxed. 
 
 B O. L S T E R S. 
 ; The Boljiers of a Saddle, are thofe 
 Parts of a Saddle, which are rais'd 
 upon the Bows, both before and be- 
 hind, to hold the Rider's Thigh, and 
 keep him in a Pofture of wirhftand- 
 jng the Diibrders which the Horfe 
 inay occafion. Saddles in common 
 have no Bolfters behind. 
 
 It is common to u/e this Expref- 
 fion, the fetting of a Bolfier-, when 
 the Cork of the Saddle is put into 
 the Bolder to keep it light. That 
 Part of the Saddle call'd the Cork, 
 was formerly made of Cork, and 
 thence took its Name- tho' now 'tis 
 made of Wood. 
 
 BONES. 
 
 The Nature and Definition of Bones ^ 
 The Knowledge of the Bones, fays 
 Mr. Snape, is mod neceflaryj becaufe 
 without it, Perlbns muft needs be 
 ignorant of the Originals and Infer- 
 tions of the Mufclesj and upon Frac- 
 tures or Diflocations of them, it 
 were very unlikely that any fhould 
 let them right again, without the 
 Knowledge of their Shapes, and the 
 manner of their jointing one with 
 another. 
 
 The Bones are of the mod hard 
 and compact Subftance of the whole 
 Body, they are without Senfe, as are 
 alfo the Ligaments and Cartilages j 
 otherwife they would be unfit to an- 
 fwer their particular Fundiions,- but 
 n^twithftanding their Infenfibility, if 
 any of them happen to be difeafed, 
 they may caufe a great Pain, and 
 create a great deal of Trouble. 
 
 The difference of Bones.'] Bones are 
 diftinguifhed by their hardnefsor fofc- 
 
 nefs J thus the lower parts of the 
 Temple-bones are cali'd Tetrofa, Sto- 
 ny Bones; and fuch are alio the 
 Bones of the Teeth. Other?, in re- 
 lpe6l to thefe are fofr, fuch are the 
 fpungy Bones of the Nofe, and thofe 
 which are cali'd Appendices to any 
 Bone. And laftly, of a mean betv^^een 
 thefe, may be reckoned all the reft 
 of the Bones. 
 
 Uoi» many Bones a Horfe has, and . 
 vshere they are fituated. 
 Anatomifts fay, a Horfe has in his 
 Head 40 Teeth : The Bones in his 
 Head comprehend the Crocks and 
 Handles of the Skull, altho' they are 
 compos'd of Parts and Parcels of o- 
 ther Bones i alio the two f^at Han- 
 dle?, which fi-om the Palate, or the 
 Fork or Throat have y; thQ^Chine 
 has 5-2, the Breafi one; the Ri6s have 
 36, the Fore-legs and Forefeet have. 
 44,, and the Hinder-legs and Feet 40 : 
 So that the Body of a Horfe conlifts 
 of about 25-7 or 25-9, as are to be 
 feen together in the perfedt Anaromy 
 of a Horie. 
 
 A Bath for broken Bones, 
 * Tzke Knot- gr a fs, and Plantain, oi 
 f each two Handfuls ; Comfvey and 
 
 * Wormwoody of each a Handful; and 
 
 * boil them well in a Gallon of fiand" 
 
 * ing Lye, and while it is warm, 
 
 * bathe the afflidled Member with it; 
 
 * and at the fame time give the Horfe 
 
 * Elder Budsy gathered in March, 
 
 * boiled in running Water for feveral 
 
 * Mornings together, in half a Horn- 
 
 * ful o^Sallet-Oil and Vinegary and \t 
 
 * will avail much to the knitting of 
 
 * the Bones. 
 
 Bones broken and out of foint. 
 The replacing Bones that have been 
 disjointed, is a very unfuccefsful Ope- ' 
 ration ; fb that there are but lt\N In- 
 ftances of Horfes that have ever be- 
 come ferviceable after their Bones ' 
 have been difplac'd; but broken Bones 
 have frequently been recovered. 
 
 Whea 
 
B O 
 
 (79) 
 
 B O 
 
 When a Bone is fraftured, the 
 Horfe muft be rais'd in a Sling, and 
 one muft diftend the Member, and 
 draw it quite ftrait, while another 
 holds it with both his Hands 3 or 4 
 Inches above the fradlured Part. 
 Then it fliould be bathed with Vine- 
 gar and Bole, and be wrapped round 
 with a thick flaxen Cloth dipt in the 
 fame Liquor, lay'd on fmooth, and 
 rolled about with a Roller 2 Inches 
 broad, feveral of the Rounds being 
 laid over the fradlured Part, and car- 
 ried alio above and below ir, the tur- 
 nings being laid even, that the Splints 
 may lie on cIorc5 then i or 3 Splints 
 of Wood, wrapt up in Linen Cloth, 
 or Hurds muft be apply'd, fo that 
 the Ends do not prefs upon the Si- 
 news; and the Roller muft havefeve- 
 ral turns upwards and downwards, 
 until the Splints are become firm and 
 immoveable. 
 
 You muft frequently bathe the 
 Leg with Vinegar, or warm Lees of 
 Wine, both above and below the 
 DrelTing, for the firft Fortnight ef- 
 pecially, and keep the Horfe to a 
 laxative Diet ; this DreiTing muft be 
 kept on for 10 Days, taking Care to 
 make it tight, whenever it grows 
 flack. 
 
 If the Horfe is inclinable to fa- 
 vour the fradlured Limb, he will re- 
 cover without much Trouble 5 but if 
 it be otherwife, he ought to be kept 
 conftantly in a Sling, fo that the fi-ac- 
 tured Member may juft touch the 
 Ground. This is the Method moft 
 proper to be taken in all Fradlures of 
 the Legs and Pafterns. 
 
 If other Bones are broken, the 
 greateft Part of the Cure muft be left 
 to Nature, which will often reunite 
 them her own way, but probably 
 not without fome Deformity; but 
 when a Fradture happens on any large 
 Join!, or very rear it, or when a 
 Bone is much Jhivered and Iplintercd, 
 
 no great help is to be expecTted, either 
 from Art or Nature. 
 
 The Method of reducing Bones that 
 are out of Joint ^ When Bones arc 
 out of Joint, it is ufual to caft the 
 Horfe on a foft Place, and to put 4. 
 flrong Pafterns on his Feet, and to 
 draw him fo from the Ground, that 
 his whole Weight may in a manner 
 reft upon the disjointed Member. 
 
 Some tye a leathern Thong a- 
 bout the Paftern of the Horfe, and 
 tye the other end of it to a yielding 
 Shrub, and then whip him to make 
 him ftrain with all his Force, till 
 the Bone return to its proper Place; 
 but this Method, is not only cruel, 
 but dangerous, and feldom fiiccefsful. 
 
 BONE SPAVIN, See SPAVIN. 
 BORAGE. 
 
 The Leaves and Roots of Borage 
 are good againft Peftilential Fevers, 
 Poifon of venomous Beafts, the Yel- 
 lows, and Weakness. 
 
 BORAX. 
 
 Borax, fbme take it to be a natu- 
 ral Mineral Produdion, and others 
 take it to be a Compofition of Nitre 
 and Sal Armoniack. It has fomewhat 
 of the Virtues of Sal Armoniack, and 
 is good in Rheums and Injlammaticns 
 of the Eyes, when diftblved in Wa- 
 ter, and likewife to abate Heat in the 
 Mouth, and to dry up fiiperfluous 
 Moifture, in any part of the Body. 
 BOTTS, TRUNCHEONS, 
 and WORMS. 
 Diferent hinds.'] The antient Far- 
 riers were of Opinion, that 3 forts 
 of Worms were bred in the Body of^ 
 a Horfe. 
 
 I . Little fhort Worms with great 
 red Heads, and long fmall white Tails, 
 which they called Botts. z. Short 
 and thick Worms all of a bignefs 
 like a Man's Finger, v/hich they cali'd 
 Truncheons i and ^dly. Great long 
 Worms as big as a Man's Finger, and 
 
 in 
 
B O 
 
 (So) 
 
 BO 
 
 at leaft 6 Inches long, which they 
 called only M'hrms. 
 
 But Mr. Markham lays, he found 
 a fourth fort of a middle Size, red 
 and fiery, with thick (hort, (harp 
 Heads, called poifonous red Worms, 
 which are more poifonous and dan- 
 gerous than any of the formerj for 
 they will afcend up even to the 
 Throat of the Horfe, and choak and 
 kill him, and fometimes eat through 
 his Stomach, and fo ruin him. 
 
 Where bred.'] As for Botts, it is 
 his Opinion, that they are not bred 
 in the Guts, but in the Stomach, 
 becaufe having cut up many Horfes, 
 he never found one Bott in the Guts ; 
 but a great many of both the other 
 forts i nor he never cut up a Horfe, 
 but he found abundance of Botts in 
 Lis Stomach, but neither of the o- 
 ther Worms. 
 
 The Caufe.] They all proceed 
 from the fame Caufe, which is a 
 raw, grofs and phlegmatick Matter, 
 apt to Putrefadion, and ingendred 
 by foul and bad Feeding} and as they 
 proceed from the lame Caufe, fo the 
 Cure is alfo the fame. 
 
 The Signs.'] The Signs are thefe; 
 the Horfe will forlake his Meat, and 
 not ftand upon his Legs, but wallow 
 and tumble, and beat his Belly with 
 his Feet, and fometimes his Pains 
 will be fo violent, that he will beat 
 his Head againft the Ground. And 
 as for the red Worms, fome Horfes 
 have had their Stomachs eaten quite 
 through with them, fo that the 
 Meat which they eat, could not ftay 
 in their Stomach j but upon fwal- 
 Jowing fell into their Body, and 
 caufed it to fwell like a Tun, and 
 they died with extreme Torment. 
 
 The Cure.] The Method of Cure 
 among the antient Farriers was this : 
 
 * They gave the Horfe a Quartern 
 
 * of Hcney in a Quart of Milk luke- 
 
 * warm, and then walk'd him up and 
 
 down for an Hour, and then let 
 him reft all the Day after, giving 
 him as little Meat and Drink as 
 they well could, not fuffering him 
 to lie down. The next Day they 
 fteeped Rue and Savin, of each a 
 Handful, ftarap'd in a Quart of 
 Wort of new Ale, and added a little 
 Brim/lone and Chimney-foot, beaten 
 to a fine Powder, which having 
 flood for an Hour or two, they 
 flrained it hard through a Cloth, 
 and gave it the Horfe lukewarm in 
 the Morning fafting, and then put 
 on his Bridle, then fet him up, and 
 let him fland on the Bit for i or 
 5 hours, and then gave him fbme 
 Hay. 
 
 * Others gave the Horfe the Guts 
 of a Hen or Chicken newly kill'd, 
 thrufting them down the Horfe*s 
 Throat, which is excellent good,- 
 efpecially if a little Salt be mixed 
 with them. This is to be done 5 
 Mornings fucceffively, keeping thef 
 Horfe trom Meat and Drink, fof 
 3 or 4 hours after. 
 
 ' Others pounded 3 Ounces of the 
 Roots of Ciphers, with half the 
 weight of Vinegar, and put that 
 down the Throat of the Horfe; or 
 elfe gave him to drink a Spoonful 
 of Soap in a Pint of Milk, or Brim- 
 ftone and Milk, all which are fbve- 
 reign Remedies. Others ufed to 
 bind the Ordure of a Man, newly 
 made about the Snaffle or Bit, and 
 then rid him with it. 
 
 * Others us'd to chop fmall Savin,- 
 Southern-wood or Worm-wood, and 
 Tops of Broom, and mix it with 
 the Horfe's Provender. 
 
 ' Others us'd to chop the Horfe'v<; 
 Hair fmall, and mix it with Bay 
 Salt, and mix it with his Proven- 
 der. 
 
 * Others us'd to brew Aloes, Gen- 
 tian and Savin, oi each an OuQce, 
 with Honey and flrong Ale. 
 
 * Others 
 
B O 
 
 ( Si ) 
 
 B O 
 
 ' Others pat hot Embers into Wa- 
 « ter, and ftrain'd it immediately, and 
 « gave it the Horfe to drink. 
 
 * Others made little Balls of Ho- 
 
 * ney and Chalk, finely powdered, 
 
 * and putting them in Ale, made the 
 
 * Horle fwatlow them. 
 
 For the long iVorms!] For thefe 
 Worms efpecially, * Some took a 
 
 * quarter of a Pound of Anni feeds, 
 
 * of Bay 'berries and Liquorice a Pen- 
 
 * ny-worth togetherj Fenugreek and 
 
 * Turmerick of each a half-penny- 
 
 * worth, and the like quantity of 
 
 * Brimftone, and having powdered 
 
 * them, gave them the Horle to 
 
 * drink. 
 
 l^or Truncheons.'] « Some take i 
 
 * Spoonfuls oi Worm feed y'3,ndi as much 
 ' Brimjione as Powder of Savin, and 
 
 * give it the Horfe to drink in a 
 
 * Quart of Malmfey, Ale, or Beer. 
 
 * Others put as much black Soap 
 ' as the bignefs of a Walnut, and as 
 ' much Powder of Brimjione, and a 
 ' Head or two of Gar lick peeled and 
 ' bruifed into a Quart of Ale, and 
 
 * give it the Horle to drink. 
 
 If a Mare great with Foal, be trou- 
 bled with Botts or V/orms, the laft 
 Medicine may be given her, if the 
 Soap be left out; for that being a 
 violent Purger, may kill the Foal in 
 her Belly. 
 
 * Some pound a Handful of Hen's - 
 ' dung well in a Quart of Jlale AUy 
 
 * then put in a Handful of Bay Salt, 
 ' and a couple of Eggs to it, which 
 ' being all mixt together, they give 
 ' it the Horfe to drink. 
 
 * Others mix a half-penny worth 
 
 * of Allum, 2in6. as much Saffron in a 
 ' Pint of Milk, and give it the Horfe 
 ' to drink : Or give him green Wil- 
 
 * low, or green Reeds to eat. 
 
 * But the Medicine Tome beft ap- 
 
 * prove of, is the Guts of a young 
 ' Hen, or Vigeon rolled in a little 
 ' black So-ip, and then in Bay Salt, 
 
 * and thruft dowo the Throat of the 
 ' Horfe, 
 
 ' Some for Trunihedns give the 
 
 * Horle ro drink, Hen's-dttng, Minty 
 
 * Rue and Sage in Beer or Ale, and 
 
 * let him blood in the Noftrils. 
 
 ' But unlefs you fee the Horfe in 
 
 * Pain, you need give him nothing 
 
 * but Rofn and Bnmfione mixed to- 
 
 * gcthcr, and mixed with his Proven- 
 
 * der, but be fure that it be given 
 
 * falling, and let the Horfe not drink 
 
 * for a long time. 
 
 But this is recommended as the 
 Chief of all Medicines for all man- 
 ner of Worms: ' Take as much Vre^ 
 ' cipitate as will lie on a Silver Two- 
 
 * pence, and work it up with as much 
 ' Butter as a Trench Walnut, then 
 
 * wrap it up in another piece of But- 
 ' ter as big as a Hen's Egg, and give 
 
 * it the Horfe fafting, in the form of 
 ' a Pill, ride him a little after it, and 
 
 * give him no Wafer that Night, and 
 ' let him fall i Hours, and \hen he 
 ' may feed as at other times. 
 
 A Cure for the Botts. 
 ' Diflblve a good Spoonful or more 
 < of black Soap in half a Pint of 
 ' White-rvine, and when they are well 
 ' incorporated, and the Horfe has 
 ' flood ty'd up for i Hours, give it 
 
 * him to drink, and keep him fafting 
 
 * 2 Hours after it, and he will void 
 
 * Worms in great Quantities. This 
 is an approved Remedy. 
 
 Another excellent Receipt. 
 * Take a bit of black Soap about 
 ' the bignels of a Walnut, and the 
 
 * lame quantity of Flour of Brim- 
 ' Jio7je, and a little bruifed Garlicky 
 ' and ftcep them all Night in a Pint 
 
 * and half of new ftrong Beer, or 
 ' Sweet- wort, and give it the Horfe 
 ' the next Morning faftirlg, and tye 
 
 * him up to s^e Rack afterwards for 
 
 * ^ or 4 Hours, after which time 
 ' give him warm Water, and what 
 ' Meat you plsafe. 
 
 When Hor fes are taken from Grafs, 
 Solleyfell lays, they are fubjed to cer- 
 tain fmooth or velvered Worms, a- 
 G boat 
 
B O 
 
 ( 82) 
 
 B R 
 
 bout half the bignefs of Caterpillars, 
 which appear near the Fundament, 
 and are ufuaily call'd Botts. Thefe 
 are not dangerous, for you may take 
 them away with your Hand, with- 
 out any Medicine. 
 
 BOUILLON. 
 Bouillon is a Lump or Excrefcen- 
 cy ot" Flefli, growing either upon or 
 jufl: by the FruJJ7, {o that the FrujJ) 
 flioots out like a Lump of Flefh, and 
 makes the Horie halt i and this is 
 caird the Flefh blowing of the Frufh. 
 Manage Horles which never wet their 
 Feet, are fubje6l to thefe Excrefcen- 
 ccs, which make them very lame. 
 B O U L E T E. 
 
 Botilete is when the Fetlock or 
 Paftern-joint ( which the French call 
 Boulet) bends forward, and is out of 
 its natural Situation 3 v/hether it pro- 
 ceeds from violent Riding, or his be- 
 ing too fhort jointed i in which Cale 
 the leaft Fatigue will bring it. 
 BOUT. 
 
 A Horfe is laid to be a, Bout, when 
 he is over done^and quite Ipent with 
 Fatigue. 
 
 A Horfe is call'd Boute, when his 
 Legs are in a (Irait Line from his 
 Knee to his Coronet. Thofe Horfes 
 which are fliort-jointed, are apt to 
 be Boiiie i but thofe Horles which 
 are long jointed, are not. 
 BOWS. 
 
 The Borps of a Saddle are two pie- 
 ces of Wood laid Arch-wile, to re- 
 ceive the upper part of a Horfe's Back, 
 to give the Saddle its due form, and 
 to keep it tight. 
 
 The Fore-bow which fuftains the 
 Pomel, is compos'd of the Withers, 
 the Breaftsy the Voints or Toes, and 
 the Corking. 
 
 The Withers is the Arch which 
 ariles over the Horfe's Withers, two 
 or three Fingers. 
 
 The Breajls are plac'd where the 
 Arch or upper part of the Bow ends. 
 
 The Foints or Toes^ are the lov;er 
 part of the Bow, 
 
 The Corking is fo call'd, becaule 
 formerly maJe of Cork, but now are 
 made of Wood, upon thefe the Bol- 
 llers are fitted and made fall. 
 
 The Hind-bow bears the quilted 
 Roll or TrouJJ'eqiiin. 
 
 The Bows are covered wirh Si- 
 news, that is, with Bulls Fizzles 
 beaten and fo run ail over the Bows 
 to flrengthen them, and then they are 
 ftrengthened with Bands of Iron to 
 keep them tight, and on the lower 
 fide of the Bows, the Saddle Srraps 
 (with which the Girths are made 
 fall ) are nailed on. 
 
 BRAIN. 
 
 The Brain of a Horfe is much lefs- 
 in proportion, than the Brain or a 
 Man : but is compos'd of a medulla- 
 ry Subftance, and has moft: or all the 
 fame Parts, whicli are to be difco- 
 vercd in a Human Head. 
 
 It is divided into 3 Parts, viz.. the 
 Cerebrum, the Cerebellum or Brain- 
 Let, and the Medulla Oblongata. 
 
 The Cerebrum contains all that 
 Subftance that lies uppermoft in the 
 Head, and which is divided into tv/o 
 halves by the Falx; the outfide of it 
 is of an afliy Colour, and form'd in- 
 to feveral Convolutions and Windings, 
 but not with any vifible Regularity, 
 as the Cerebellum is ; the infide of it 
 is white, and therefore called the Cor- 
 pus Callofum. 
 
 The Cerebellum is feparated from 
 the Cerebrum by a Produ(5lionof the 
 Via Mater, which alio affords a par- 
 ticular Cover to all its Foldsj which 
 keeps them apart, and leparate from 
 each other. This is compos'd of 4. 
 Parts, two whereof are lateral, one 
 on each fide; the other two are in 
 the middle Handing l-iefore and be- 
 hind , they are fomething orbicular, 
 and are named the Frocejfm Vermicu- 
 hres, from the likenefs thc^ bear to 
 Worms in rotten Timber. 
 
 The Medulla Oblongata is the be- 
 ginning of the Sfinal Marrow, It is 
 
 oi 
 
B R 
 
 (S3) 
 
 B R 
 
 of an uniform white and cornpafl 
 Subftance, more hard than the Brain 
 or Cerebellum. It arifes our of the 
 Brain and Brainlet from 6 Roots, two 
 of which Spring from the upper and 
 fore-part of the Brain, which is call'd 
 the Corpora Striata -^ the other four 
 arife lower, and more backward, and 
 are thofc Protuberances that are cali'd 
 the Nates and Tefies. 
 
 It is round in Figure, being about 
 2 Inches long within the Skull; be- 
 ifore it palTes out at the Noll, from 
 whence it h continued along the CKtne 
 downwards to the Fundament i and 
 through all that pallage is call'd the 
 Spinal-r^arrow or Fith of the Back. 
 This has another Membrane bcfides 
 the Pia Mater and Dura Mater, which 
 forms the cutermofl or third Coat of 
 It, and is faid to arife from a ftrong 
 Ligament, that binds the fore-part 
 of the Rack-bones together. 
 
 Of the Parts of the Cerehellu?n. 
 
 1. The Kete mirabile that Iprcads 
 all over the bottom of the Brain, and 
 is a Ibrt of curious Net-v/ork of 
 Bloou-Vefieb, which are formed out 
 of the fmall Twigs, which fpring 
 from the largeft Branches of the Ca- 
 rotid and Cervical Arteries, and pafs 
 through the Skull by proper Holes in 
 the Bones of the Temples. 
 
 2. The GlanduU Pituitaria,v^hich 
 towards the bottom of the Brain is 
 inclofed within the Membranes, and 
 feated in a fmall Cavity in the Os 
 Cuneiforme, or Wedge-like Bone. 
 
 It has a Conduit, which is call'd 
 the Infundibttlum, or Funnel, that con- 
 veys the fnotry Excrements of the 
 Brain into it 5 and for that Reafon 
 Anatoraifts have thought, that there 
 was a PafTage from it to the Nofe. 
 
 But others will have it, that there 
 are two fmall Dufts, by which it is 
 fent off to the Jugular iVms j from 
 v/hence ibme are of Opinion, it is 
 poured again into the Blood and 
 mixed. 
 
 This Infundibutum, or Funnel, is 
 faid to take its beginning from the 
 fore-part of the third Ventricle, into 
 which this Moifture feems to be firft 
 feparated, and is only convey'd by it 
 to the Gland above-mentioned. 
 
 3. It has puzzled Anatomifts very 
 much, to find out proper Relem- 
 blances for feveral Parts of the Brain; 
 and thev have call'd fbme of them 
 by the Name of Nates or Buttocks, 
 and others, Tejles or Stones. 
 
 Thefe are four orbicular or round 
 Prominences, letting out from the 
 Medulla Oblongata, or the beginning 
 of the Spinal-riarro-w ; the Nates be- 
 ing the largef^, and the Tejles being 
 Appendages to them. 
 
 4,. The Corpora Striata, which are 
 fo named, becaufe they are flreaked 
 or chamfered, and are onlv the ends 
 of the two Thighs, which proceed 
 from the Nates or Buttocks. The 
 Medulla Oblongata adheres by thefe 
 to the Brain; and to the Cerebellum 
 and Brainlet it adheres by the Nates 
 and Tefies. 
 
 4.. The Glandula Pinealis. This is 
 a nored Gland, placed between the 
 Nates or Buttocks j Modern Anato- 
 mifts only make it the Penis or Yard 
 of the Brain; both by reafon of its 
 Situation, and as it feems to be of 
 ufe for the Separation of a little clear 
 Lympha from the arterial Blood. 
 
 5-. There is near this little Gland, 
 between the Nates or Buttocks, a 
 fmall Chink, which fome have call'd 
 the Antfi or Arfe i and others the 
 Vuha. 
 
 6. The Ventricles of the Brain. 
 Some reckon but one, fome three, 
 and fom.e four. Thefe are fl-ated in 
 the middle of the Brain, and reach 
 forwards to the Noie, and down- 
 wards towards the bottom of it; it 
 is in fliape like a half Moon 
 
 According to the lateft Anatomical 
 
 Enquiries, the Ufe of this Ventricle, 
 
 is to ferve as a Receptacle for that 
 
 Q z Portion 
 
B R 
 
 C84) 
 
 B R 
 
 Portion of the Serum, that is fepara- 
 tcd frcm the glandu'ou? Skin that in- 
 vefts them, and from the GlanJuIa 
 Pituitaria, and is fuppofed to be a- 
 gain imbibed by the Veins, and by 
 them condudled afrefli into the Mafs 
 of Blood. 
 
 7. The Fornix which is a kind of 
 Vault or Arch, which riles between 
 the Brain and the Medulla Oblongata, 
 and lerves to bear up the upper-part 
 of the Brain, from prefling too hard 
 upon the Parts that lie underneath. 
 And alfo the Septum Lucidum, which 
 is only a Partition that divides the 
 Ventricles. 
 
 As to the Aftion and U/e of the 
 Brain, it is very certain, that the Brain 
 is the chief Seat of the Animal Fa- 
 culty, as the Heart is the Fountain of 
 the Vital. The Animal Spirits being 
 prepared out of the Farenchyma, or 
 marrowy Subflance of it, are from 
 thence convey'd into the Nerves, 
 which communicate Senfe and Mo- 
 tion to all the Parts of the Body. 
 See Animal Spirits in Letter A. 
 
 8. Befides thefe internal Parts of 
 the Brain, there are alfo external ones, 
 as the Dura Mater, which lies imme- 
 diately under the Skull, and takes its 
 Name from its Texture, which is 
 very firm i and has been generally 
 thought, to give Origin or Beginning 
 to moft of the Membranes through- 
 out the Body. 
 
 9. The Falx, which is £0 call'd, 
 becaufe in Man it fends forth a Pro- 
 du£lion that refembles a Sickle, it be- 
 ing broad towards the hind-part of 
 the Head, and narrow and fharp to- 
 
 .,wards the Nofe, and curved at Top. 
 Tho' in a Horfe the Shape differs 
 fomewhat from that of a Man. It 
 is a double Membrane, as the Ferito- 
 n&ttm and Fleura. 
 
 This Membrane divides the upper 
 part or cortical Subftance of the Brain 
 diredly in the middle, into a right and 
 left lidc. 
 
 Within this Duplicature, there are 
 feveral Cavities, that are call'd the St- 
 nwss of the Dura Mater ; the longell 
 of them runs length ways from be- 
 fore to the Noll, where it is divided 
 into fome Branches ■■, two of which 
 defcend downward to the bottom of 
 the Occiput, and the third to the 
 Glandula Finealrs. 
 
 Thefe are thought to be Cifterns, 
 which contains the fuper-abounding 
 Blood, that is emptied into them by 
 the Arteries, and fuck'd up again at 
 leifure by the Veins. 
 
 10. The Fia Mater, -which is a ve- 
 ry thin Membrane, but of exquiute 
 Senfe, that immediately involves the 
 Brain, and adheres to it in all its 
 Convolutions and Folds: And many 
 Anatomifls have been of Opinion, 
 that all the Nerves arifing from the 
 Head, do derive their Coats from it, 
 and not from the medullar part it felf. 
 
 It has an infinite Number of Ar~ 
 teries, fpringing from the Carotids 
 and Cervical Arteries, and Veins from 
 the fugulars, all which are very 
 fmall, but finely interwoven one with 
 another. 
 
 The BRAMBLE. 
 
 The Brarr^ble or Black-bufJ}. The 
 Flowers and Leaves of the unripe 
 Fruit, are very drying and binding, 
 and are very good in all kinds of 
 Fluxes; The J3uds, Leaves and Branch- 
 es, while they are green, are good 
 for Ulcers, and putrid Sores. The 
 Leaves are good for Quinfey's, and 
 being dry'd and powdered, and llrew'd 
 on Cankers, heals them admirably, 
 they cool moderately, and abate In- 
 flammations of all kinds. 
 
 The Leaves of the Bramble are laid 
 to be cooling and ftrengthening, and 
 therefore may be given to Hories 
 chopped among their Hay, that are 
 troubled with too much inward Heat. 
 BRANCHES. 
 
 The Branches of a Bridle, are two 
 pieces 'of bended Iron, that bear the 
 
 Bit- 
 
B R 
 
 ( SO 
 
 B R 
 
 Bit-month, the Chains, and the Curh 
 in the Interval between the one and 
 the other. So that on one end they 
 anfvver to the HeaJ-JialL and on the 
 other to the Reins, in order to keep 
 the Head of-the Horfe in Subjection. 
 
 A hardy, bold or ftron^ Branch, is 
 fuch a one as brings in the Head. 
 
 A -we.ik Branch, is fuch an one ns 
 was formerly us*d to raife the Florfe's 
 Head; but now thefe fort of Branch- 
 es are difjfed, eipeciaily fince the Er- 
 rour of thoie Perions has been difco- 
 vered, who fancy'd that it rai/ed af- 
 ter the fame manner with rhe Knee- 
 Branches. See Banciuet and Shoul- 
 der. 
 
 BRANK-URSTN. 
 
 Brank-urfin or Bears-breach is 
 
 cooling, and helps Burns. The De- 
 
 codlion, taken inwardly, is good in 
 
 the BIoody-Hux and HecSlick Fevers. 
 
 BRASSICOURT. 
 
 BraJJicourt or Brachicourt, a Hor^ 
 is lb call'd, whofe Legs do naturally 
 bend Arch-wife j and it is by way of 
 Diftindion from an arch'd Horfe, 
 whofe Legs are bowed by hard la- 
 bour. 
 
 BRAY. 
 
 Bray is an obfolete French Word, 
 %vhich was made ufe of to fignify 
 the Entry of the Throat of an Horie, 
 or the Extremity oF the Channel to- 
 wards the lower Maxiilarv Bones. 
 BREAD.' 
 
 When a Horfe is match'd for a 
 running Courfe, after the Diet pre- 
 fcribed for him for the firfi: Fort- 
 night, there are three different Sorts 
 of Bread, that are to be given the fe- 
 cond, third and fourth Fortnight, 
 which are cali'd firft, fecond and third 
 Bread, which are to be made as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 The firfi Bread, 
 
 ' Some take three parts of clean 
 
 * Beans, and one part of Wheat, mix 
 
 * and grind them together, bolt it 
 
 * pretty fine, and knead it up with a 
 
 * good deal of frcft Yeaft or Lighren- 
 ' ingj bur as little Water as wf.l 
 ' poffibly ferve, labour it well in a 
 ' Trough, and break it j then cover 
 ' it up ^varm that it may fwell, then 
 ' bake it thoroughly, in the form of 
 
 * pretty large Loaves, let it be found- 
 ' iy foaked, and when it is drav/n 
 
 * out of the Oven, turn up the bot- 
 ' torn that they may cool, and let- 
 
 * ting them be three Days old, give 
 
 * them the Horfe to ear, having firft 
 ' chipt it v/cii, and crumbled it pret- 
 
 * ty fmall, mix it with his Oats that 
 
 * have been frtedj as for the Qjan- 
 
 * tity, you may give it at your Dif- 
 
 * cretion. The reft of the ordering 
 of the Horfe, you will find in other 
 Articles. 
 
 The fecond Bread. 
 
 The third Fortnight, the Bread 
 muft be finer as followeth : 
 
 ' Take of clean Beans and fine 
 ' Wheat, of each a like Quantity j 
 ' grind them well together, bolt it, 
 ' and knead it up with Yea ft or 
 
 * Lightening, and make it up as or- 
 
 * dered for the former Bread, and 
 « when the B'-ead is a little ftale, and 
 
 * the Cruft taken away as before, 
 ' give it the Horfe among his Beans 
 
 * and Oats. 
 
 The third Bread. 
 
 The fourth Fortnight, the Bread 
 muft be finer than either of the for- 
 mer. Thus, 
 
 * Take three parts of fine Wheats 
 
 * and one part of Beans, grind and 
 
 * bolt them thro' the fineft Bolter, 
 ' then knead it up with ftrong new 
 
 * Ale and Yeaft beaten together, and 
 
 * alfo the Whites of lo or 30 Eggs, 
 
 * according to the Quantity you bake; 
 
 * you muft not put in any Water, but 
 
 * inftead of it a fmall Quantity oF 
 
 * new Milk, then work it up, bake 
 ' it and order it as the former, and 
 
 * feed the Horie with it at his ordi- 
 
 * nary Meals, having firft cut away 
 ' the Cruft, and mixed it with clean 
 
 G 3 *Oatjf 
 
BR ( 86 ) 
 
 ' Oat<; well dry'd and drtCs't}, and of 
 
 B R 
 
 * ibnie pure fplit Beans. As for the 
 refl:, fee other Articles. 
 
 BREAK. 
 To 6reah a Horfe in trotting, h to 
 make him light upon the Hand by 
 trotting, in order to make him fit 
 for a Gallop. 
 
 To break a Horfe for hunting, is to 
 fupple him, and make him take the 
 Habir of run; 1117. 
 
 This Term ^roke is thus us'd: A 
 thick well-knit Horle is ftrong in- 
 deed j but it will be a long time be- 
 fore he is broke. 
 
 When this Horfe is broke, he'll run 
 well. 
 
 It is a furious Fatigue, to run a 
 Horfe ar full fpecd before he is broke. 
 BREASTS. 
 Breafs of /i Saddle, are part of the 
 Bow5. See Bores. 
 
 Bre.^ft of a Horfe. See Counter. 
 Breaf-flate or Tee, is a Strap of 
 Leather which runs over the Horfe's 
 Bread from one fide of a Saddle to 
 the other, in order to keep the Sad- 
 dle tight, and prevent it fiom Aiding 
 backwards, when the Horfe goes up- 
 on a rifing Ground. 
 
 ^ B R E A T H. 
 The Breath or Wind of a Horfe, 
 is a Term fometimes made ufe of 
 to fignify the eafy Rcfpiration of a 
 Horfei and fometimes the Eafe, Reft, 
 and Rcpofe of a Horfe 5 as give your 
 Horfe Breath, i. e. do not ride liim 
 down. 
 
 This Horfe is Majler of his Breath 
 or Wmd, \s a Term that is applied to 
 Horfes that fiicrt. And Jockcvs take 
 fuorting to be a Sign of a long win- 
 ded Horfe. See Snort. 
 
 Of fhortnefs of Breath cr Bur- 
 . . fivenefs. 
 
 Shortr:&fs of Breath or Turfvenefs, 
 may coine two fcveral. wavs ; either 
 naturaijy or accidentally : Naturally, 
 3s by the f^raitaefs of the Conduits 
 
 the Horfe, which convey his 
 Breath, when they want liberty td 
 carry his Breath freely, or being cloy'd 
 up with Fat, force Stoppings, r.nd 
 
 Obilruftions in his Wind- 
 
 and 
 
 thereby make the Lungs labour and " 
 work painfully. 
 
 Accidentally, either by running hard 
 af-ter drinking, or upon a full Sio- 
 mach, by which means the Humours 
 arc compell'd to fall down into the 
 Throat and Lungs, and there flop 
 the PalTage of the Breath. 
 
 The Signs'] are continual panting 
 and heaving of the Body without a- 
 ny coughing i great Heat of Breath 
 at his Noflnls, and a iqucezing and 
 drawing in of his Noie when he 
 breathes, and a coveting to hold out 
 his Head, while he takes his Wind. 
 
 Some Farriers prefcribe in order 
 for the Cure of this Diftemper, * To 
 ' give him the Kernels of Grapei 
 
 * plentifully in his Provender; for 
 ' they both fatten and purge. 
 
 ' Others ^idcnhQVen'^s-hatr,AfJjen 
 ' Keys, Iris, Fenugreek, Liquorice ^inti 
 
 * Raifins, of each a Dram and a half; 
 ' Arijlolochiat Almonds, Borage, Col- 
 
 * loquintida, Nettlefeed and Pepper, 
 
 * of each 2 Drams; of Aigaratitim 
 ' one Dram, and 2 Pounds of Ho' 
 ' ney. Thefe are to be dilTolved in 
 
 * Water, wherein Liquorice has been 
 
 * gently boiled orfimmered,of which 
 
 * the Horfe is to have a Pint given 
 ' him every Morning for 3 or 4' 
 
 * Mornings. ■ 
 < Others prefcribe Cloves, GaUn- 
 
 * gal, Grains of Par.idife, and Nut" 
 
 * megs, of each 3 Drams; of Carra- 
 
 * way-feeds and Bennel-feeds, a little 
 
 * larger Quantity; as much Saffrcn'y 
 
 * and of Liquorice half an Ounce. 
 ' Thefe are all to be beaten to a fine 
 
 * Powder, and 2 or 3 Spoonfuls of 
 
 * it are to be put into a Pint ot 
 
 * White-veine, and the Yolks of fouf 
 
 * ^iS^y S"^ given to the Horfe to 
 < drink, after v/hich his Head is to 
 
 * < be 
 
B R 
 
 ( §7) 
 
 B R 
 
 be tied up to the Rack for an Hour. 
 - An.1 after that he is to be ridden 
 ' or walked up and down gently, and 
 
 * kept fading at lead 4 or j- Hours 
 
 * after it, and then be turn'd to Grafs 
 
 * the next Day, and he will do 
 
 * well. 
 
 ' Ochers give the Horle 2 Ounces 
 .-* of the Powder of Moline or Long- 
 
 * vport, or Powder of Gentian in a 
 
 * Pint of running Water, for feveral 
 
 * Mornings. 
 
 ' Others bleed the Horfe in the 
 
 * Neck vein, and afterward^ give him 
 ' the following Drink : Half an Ounce 
 
 * of Franklncenfe in a Pint of 0/7, 
 ' and a Pint of limine, and half" a Pint 
 
 * of the Juice of Hore-hound, being 
 
 * well mixed together. 
 
 ' Ochers melt Honey, Butter, and 
 f Hog's-greafe together, and give the 
 
 * Horfe fbmething better than a Pint 
 
 * of it lukewarm. 
 
 * Eggs foftened in Vinegar j is an 
 
 * excellent Remedy for this fhortnefs 
 5 of Breath, being given increafing, 
 
 * that is, one the firft Day, three the 
 
 * fecond, and five the third ; but you 
 ' are aifo to pour a little Oil and 
 
 * Wine into his Noftrils, w|]ich is ve- 
 
 * ry good. 
 
 * Some prefcribe a Snake (having 
 
 * the Head and. Tail firft cut off, and 
 
 * the Guts and Entrails taken out} 
 
 * boil'd in Water, till the Bone part 
 
 * from the Flefh, then having thrown 
 
 * away the Bone, to give fomething 
 
 * more than a Pint of the Deco6tion 
 
 * every third Day, till he has taken 
 
 * the Decodion of three Snakes. And 
 
 * this is alfo excellent good for the 
 
 * dry Cough. 
 
 Some recommend the following as 
 excellent: 
 
 ' Take Annifeeds, Liquorice and 
 
 * Sugar -candy, and beat them to a 
 
 * fine Powder 5 brew 4 Spoonfuls of 
 
 * the Powder in a Pint of IVhtte- 
 
 * tpine, and half a Pint of Sallet-Oily 
 : and ufi this ever after a Horfe has 
 
 * travelled, and a Day before he tra- 
 ' vels. 
 
 Or thus: 
 ' Take IVheat-fiour, two Pounds; 
 
 * of Zlecairjpane and Gentian, of each 
 ' half an Ounce ; Annifeeds, Fenu- 
 
 * greeh, Brimflone, Cmnm.n and L'l- 
 ' quorice, of each 4 Ounces j powder 
 ' thefe very fine, and fearce them ; 
 
 * add 4 Ounces of Honey, and make 
 
 * all into a Caraplafm with White- 
 
 * Toine : Boil them till they come to 
 ' be of a Confidence to be made up 
 ' in Balls, and give the Horfe 3 or 4 
 
 * at a time, for 6 or 8 Mornings to- 
 
 * gether. This being often us'd, will 
 make a Horfe found in Body, Wind, 
 and Courage ,• but if he be tainted in 
 his Wind, then do thus.: 
 
 ' Put 3 Pints of ftrong Wine-vine- 
 ' gar into an earthen Pot that hns a 
 ' Cover, four Heads of Garlick clean 
 ^ peelfdand bruiit-d.and four new-laid 
 ' Eggs unbroken i cover the Pot ve- 
 
 * ry clofe, and bury it in a Horfe 
 ' Dunghil for 12 or 15 Hours; then 
 ' take ir up, and take out the Eggs, 
 ' and ufe it after the manner of the 
 ' Receipt before-mentioned. 
 
 The Organs of breathing. Sec 
 Lungs and Wind-pipe. 
 
 BREED. 
 
 A Breed is the Place where Stal- 
 lions and M:ires for Breed are kept, in 
 order to raiie a Stud ; as, AH the Mares 
 in this Breed have taken, /. e. they 
 are with Foal. 
 
 BREEDING OF HORSES. 
 
 The firft thing to be regarded in 
 raifing a beautiful and ufeful Race of 
 Horfes, is the Choice of a Stallion. 
 
 As to the Colour, the Duke of 
 Newcajlle prefers the light Bay with 
 the Mane, Tail, Extremities of the 
 Legs, and Lift along the Back all 
 6lack ; the Chefnu: or Scar let -My, the 
 Roan well mark'd, or a More's Head-y 
 the dark dappled Gray, and fome o 
 thers, being what are generally in 
 bigheft Efteem, as giving a good 
 Q 4 Tindlurc 
 
B R 
 
 (88) 
 
 B R 
 
 Tindurc to our Races. But he pre- 
 fers Barbs or Spaniards above all, he 
 having by both had very beautiful and 
 good' Colts i but efpecially by the 
 Barbs. And he alfo recommends the 
 Horfes of any other kinds that are 
 per ted:, and rightly turn'd for the 
 Manage, as thofc which are fitteft to 
 be uied for Stallions. 
 
 Bur as to Barbs.Spanifl} Horfes, or 
 any Horfes of anothtr Country, they 
 can never bf too ,bo!d and vigorous i 
 becaufe the btft Foreign Horle, loon 
 degenerates in his Race ,• and the 
 Colts that he begets, will rather tall 
 ihort of their Sire than improve. 
 
 That p Stallion ought to be free 
 froi'i Hereditary Difcmpers, 
 
 A Srailon ought to be free from 
 Hereditary Diftempers, fuch as he 
 may derive to his Race i and there- 
 fore he ought naturally to have good 
 Eyes, a good Wind, Legs free from 
 all manner of Excrefcen^ces: Such as 
 Spavins, Veji^nonsy Wind-galls, and 
 the like. He ought to have good 
 Feet, and Hoofs of a perfect and 
 good make. The lat'er, he fays, mny 
 be more particularly hereditary than 
 any of the other Imperfeftions be- 
 fore-mentioned; for as the goodnefs 
 or badncfs of the Foot does often 
 depend upon the Shape; and as it is 
 reafonable to believe, and alfo as cer- 
 tain, that Colts in that refpe<ft often 
 participate of their Sire ^ fo it is ve- 
 ry certain, that a Horie which has 
 bad Fter, that at the feme time are 
 of a Make, which difpofes them to 
 be fb, ought to be rejected as a Sral- 
 lion. 
 how to kfjorp -when the Dijle?npers of 
 
 a Hcrfe are hereditary » and vehen 
 
 not. 
 
 The other Infirmities which are 
 ^eem'd hereditary, may no doubt be 
 really fb; as Moans and Hefluxions in 
 the Eyesi but yet, fince while the 
 Horfe is young, the moft common 
 Accidents do often bring a Weaknefs 
 
 into his Eyes; and indeed fiich as can- 
 rot be eafily overcome, when wrong 
 Methods are taken at firft, viz.. by 
 ufing ftrong Eye-waters, and blow- 
 ing Powders into their Eyes, with- 
 out making ufe of fuch Cautions as 
 are ncccilary to fuch Parts, which are 
 naturally the moft tender : When 
 iiich Methods are taken, a Horfe 
 which had originally good Eyes, may 
 become fubjeS to Rheums and De- 
 fluxion? for ever after ; but they 
 would by no means be derived to his 
 Race. 
 
 If a Perlbn has known fuch a 
 Horle from the time that he was a 
 Colt, he may eafily know, whether 
 the Infirmity of his Eyes were here- 
 ditary or not, if he has obferv'd all 
 the Accidents that have happened to 
 him. and the immediate Tendency of 
 thofe Accidents. 
 
 If a Horle be weak-eyed naturally, 
 that Imperfeftion will (hew it felf 
 betimes, before the Eyes are come to 
 their full Strength and Vigour. If 
 it does not appear till the Horle is 
 arrived at his full Strength, it is ra- 
 ther to be attributed to Ibme Acci- 
 dent, than to his Sire. 
 
 As to the Imperfe£tions of the 
 Legs, fuch as Spavins, Wind-galls, 
 e^'c. they are alfo frequently caus'd 
 by Accidents : Tho' they are often 
 hereditary, and bear fotrie Relem- 
 blance to the Gout, which often runs 
 in the Blood of certain Families. But 
 as to thole Diftempers that are term'd 
 hereditary, they are moft commonly 
 brought on by fome Errour in the 
 Non-naturals in the beginning, or by 
 Ibme flight Accident; and there is 
 only this difference : That in an he- 
 reditary Diftemper, the Symptoms 
 continue at all times, either more or 
 \c{!s ; and do return again, if they 
 v/ear off upon certain Occafions; and 
 this is owing to Ibme peculiar Dit 
 pofition in the Body, that upon eve- 
 ry Error or flight Accident, render? 
 
 thenj 
 
B R 
 
 (89) 
 
 B R 
 
 them liable to fuch Relapfes. But 
 when a Diftemper is not hereditary, 
 it is the moft eafy to be overcome, 
 and is but feldom apt to return a- 
 gain, except by fbme extraordinary 
 Cauft. 
 
 As to the Imperfeiflions and Dif- 
 eales of the Lun^s, that affedl: a 
 Horie's Wind, they alfo may be call'd 
 Hereditary, as we fee ibme Families 
 more than ordinarily fubje6l to Ajlh- 
 mas-, but it is probable, that moft 
 Horles that are infe<3:ed in this man- 
 ner, may have had their Winds hurt 
 by fom.e ill ufage. 
 
 But a Horfe that blows, or is any 
 ways defetflive in his Wind, fhould 
 not by any means be made ufe of as 
 a Stallion ; for altho' it fhould not be 
 a natural Imperfedlion, it muft pro- 
 ceed from fome Imperfedtion in his 
 Lu7)gs or Liver, or fome other of his 
 inward Parts; and \i (6, the Colts 
 that he begets, will be weak and lan- 
 guifhing, 
 IVhat Mares are beji for Breeding. 
 
 The Mare ou^ht to be as perfedl 
 as the Horfe, that flie may give a 
 good Tinfture to the Breed. The 
 Duke of Ne-wca/ile prefers Spaniflj 
 Mares, or thofe of Naples to breed 
 on, they being delicately fhaped. But 
 Mr. Gi6fon fays, that the Mares of 
 Naples are not now what they have 
 been. And as to our own Engltflj 
 Mares they have very much degene- 
 rated 5 and he judges, it may be oc- 
 caiioned for want of a Law, to pre- 
 vent our fineft breeding Mares from 
 being fent out of the Kingdom. 
 
 The goodnefs of a Race is no 
 doubt very much owing to a Mare, 
 fo that altho' the Horfe be never fb 
 found, yet if the Mare be difeafed, in 
 all probability the Colt will be fb 
 too: For notwithftanding the Matter 
 proceeds altogether from the Horfe, 
 that gives Origin and Form to the 
 Colt, yet it being both in the Worab, 
 ^nd afterwards, nourifhed bvthe Mare, 
 
 it muft without doubt be tinftured 
 with the Conftitution of its Dam. 
 But an Indtfpofition that proceeds 
 from the Mare, may more eafily be 
 overcome, than one that proceeds 
 from the Sire. 
 
 The Mare ought to be of a deli- 
 cate fine Shape, and of a good Racci 
 for if fhe be of a coarfe clumfey 
 Make, the Colt may in that refpeci 
 take after her. 
 
 Sometimes indeed a very fine Colt 
 comes from an ordinary Mare, thati 
 has been covered by a fine Stallion; 
 but it often proves quite the contra- 
 ry, and fometimes the Colt does 
 participate of both, and will refem- 
 ble the Sire in fome things, and the 
 Dam in others. And it is the fame 
 in refpe(a to Colour. 
 
 Regard fhould alfb be had to the 
 Temper and Difpofition of the Mare. 
 A Mare that is fullen or ill natured 
 her felf, will but feldom produce a 
 good natured Coir. And probably it 
 may be owing to this, that when 
 the earlieft and firfl ImprefTions are 
 bad, they lay the Foundation of an 
 ill Habit; and therefore as the Tem- 
 per that is derived from, the Dam, 
 may in a great meafure be habitual, 
 fb it may more eafily be overcome 
 by prudent Management, than when 
 it is wholly derived from the Sire. 
 But a Mare of a good docible Tem- 
 per, may fometimes bring forth Colts 
 that are quite the reverfe of her felf, 
 if her Stallion was of a froward furly 
 Difpofition. 
 
 As to the Manner of Feeding. 
 
 Some are of Opinion, that the Man- 
 ner of Feeding both of Horfe and 
 Mare before covering ought to be a- 
 like, and on the fame kind of Diet. 
 And Solleyfell is fbmewhat of this 
 Mind. The Ancients, fays Mr. Gib- 
 fon, iis'd to pamper the Stallion, and 
 to w6rk or ride the Mare hard \ for 
 this he quotes Virgd: The Sum of 
 which i?, that the Stallion fhould be 
 pampered 
 
B R 
 
 (90) 
 
 B R 
 
 pampered and well fed with fuch 
 things as are proper to excite Luft, 
 and enable him to do his Bulinefs 
 .effectually, that the Mare may not 
 be defrauded, nor his Race degene- 
 rate. 
 
 But becaufe too much fat in Mares 
 is often prejudicial, and lefTens the ex- 
 c^uifite Senfe, they ought to have in 
 the Parts of Generation; and becaufe 
 it may likewife contribute to the 
 ftraitening the PaiTage into the Womb, 
 that may happen at its inward or 
 klTcr Neck, that ranknefs or exccf- 
 five growth of Fat, ought therefore 
 to be broken down by moderate 
 Feeding and Labour. 
 The Food of a Stallion before Co- 
 'vering. 
 
 As it is certain, that a Stallion ought 
 to be well fed when he is to cover 
 Marcs; fo his Food ought to be fuch 
 as affords the pureft and beft Nou- 
 rifliment: Tho' many ordinary Stal- 
 lions do cover Mares at Grafs, and 
 fcrve them very effcftually. 
 
 But if a Stallion be to cover a 
 good Number of Mares, it will be 
 iieceffary to follow the Duke ofiV^w- 
 f«/^/^'s Direftions, and feed him with 
 good clean Oats, Peafe, Beans, or 
 coarfe Bread, or fometimes with the 
 one, and fometimes with the other 
 by turns, for the fpace of 3 Months 
 before the time of Covering. 
 
 If, as it is ufual with fine Stal- 
 lions, he be kept in the Stable, he 
 ought to have the fvveeteft Hay ; nor 
 lliould he be fuffered to cat too much 
 of it, nor indeed of any thing elle 
 that may conduce to make him pur- 
 iive. For when he comes to cover, 
 nothing will do more prejudice to 
 his Wind. 
 
 As to other violent Exerciie.v^here 
 there is a Plenitude of Body, the 
 Reafbn is the fame: But yet there is 
 this difference between the A<5t of 
 Generation and all other laborious 
 Exercil^s, that belides the Agitation 
 
 of the Body, there \s alio a violent 
 Agitation of the Spirits too, which 
 during the time it lafls, puts the 
 Blood into a more, that is, much 
 more violent than the ftrongeft Fe- 
 ver; and for that reafon, if a Horle, 
 at the fame time his Body is pam- 
 pered, is not well in his Wind, he 
 may very readily fuffer in that A61. 
 The Exercife of a Stallion. 
 
 The Duke of Newcajlle prefcribcs 
 a Method very proper to prevent Ac- 
 cidents; that is to ride any Horfe, 
 who is to cover, twice a Day to 
 Water; and alio to walk him in fome 
 Field where he takes delight, every 
 time he is watered for the fpace of 
 an Hour at leaft ; for that the Air 
 and Exercife will digeft his Food 
 well, and invigorate his Spirits very 
 much, which will be of great Im- 
 portance in the Ad: of Generation. 
 
 And as to the Method of feeding 
 Mare<;; there is no other difference 
 but this, that they ought not to be 
 too fat, when they are to be horicd, 
 becaufe that will render them not ib 
 apt to hold, as when they are low in 
 Body. 
 
 The Seafon of Covering Mares. 
 
 The beft Seafon for Covering Mare?, 
 is generally allow'd to be at the latter 
 end of May, or beginning of fttne^ 
 that at their time of foaling the Grafs 
 may be ready and plentiful. Tho* 
 De Grey dire£ls to another Seafon; 
 but Mr. Gibfon is of Opinion, that 
 he is the only Man that ever did fb. 
 
 He adds, that except it be in hot- 
 ter Countries, Mares are never fb 
 much in Luft, nor dcfire the Horfe 
 fo eagerly, as they, do at that time. 
 
 The Age of Breeding Horfes and 
 Mares. 
 
 It is the general Opinion, that a 
 Horfe fhould never be fuffered to co- 
 ver a Mare before he is 6 Years of 
 Age, nor a Mare be covered before 
 fhe is three. For when before that 
 Age, Horfes are uicd as Stallions, 
 
 they 
 
B R 
 
 (91 ) 
 
 B R 
 
 they often deceive the Maresy and 
 Ixjfides are apt to injure their Confti- 
 turions, and fb lay the Foundation 
 o\ future Weakneis and Imbecilliry, 
 For that when they are young, part- 
 ly by Reafon of Novelty, and partly 
 from a Luxuriancy, they go about 
 thofe Afls with too much Violence, 
 And as in their Non-age their Blood 
 h apt to be vifcid, fo the Hazard 
 they run is the greater. 
 
 The Manner of Covering. 
 
 As the A61 it felf is natural, fo it 
 ought by no means to be forced, and 
 for that Reafon a Mare fliould never 
 be covered in Hand. But in order to 
 have the Mares rightly ferved, there 
 ought to be a piece of Ground paled 
 in and well fenced, into which the 
 Mare fhould be brought to the Stal- 
 lion, and fhou!d remain wi h him for 
 "2 or 3 Days. 
 
 The Duke of Newcajlle prefcribes 
 the Method following : 
 
 ' You ihould about the end of 
 
 * May or beginning of ^um, at 
 
 * which time there is commonly a- 
 
 * bundance of Grafs, put your Mares 
 
 * into an Inclofure well pallifado'd, 
 
 * or inclofed with Hedges, and that 
 
 * may be capable to feed them the 
 
 * whole time the Stallion is with 
 
 * them, or that th'ey are in Seafbn. 
 
 * In this Inclofure or Pafture all 
 
 * your Mares are to be put together, 
 
 * as well thofe which are barren as 
 
 * others ; then lead forth your Stal- 
 
 * lion, having fir ft taken off the Shoes 
 
 * of his hind Feet, thereby to pre- 
 
 * vent his hurting the Mares when 
 
 * he kicks or ftrikes out j but his 
 
 * Fore-ihoes muft be kept on for the 
 < Prefervation of his Feet. 
 
 ' * Then caufe him before you turn 
 
 * him loofe among the Mares to co- 
 
 * ver one twice in Hand, to render 
 •* him the more calm and gentlej 
 
 * after which take off the Bridle, and 
 
 * let him go freely to the reft, with 
 ^ whom he will become fo familiar. 
 
 * and ufe them fo kindly, that they 
 
 * will at laft make love to him j fo 
 
 * that not one of therp will be hor- 
 « fed, but as they are in Reafon. 
 
 * After he has ferved them all, he 
 « will try them again, one by one, 
 
 * and will only cover fuch as wiiling- 
 
 * ly receive him. He knows very 
 < well when they defire more of his 
 
 * Company, and when he has per- 
 
 * formed his work. So that thea 
 
 * he begins to heat at the Pallifade, 
 
 * that he may be gone j at which 
 
 * time he is to be removed, and 
 
 * your Mares put into a frefh Inclo- 
 ' fure. 
 
 * Thefe (fays he) are the wife 
 f means Nature makes ufe of, and I 
 
 * affure you, that of twenty Mares^ 
 ' there will not three faiU whereas; 
 
 * if you caufed them to be covered 
 ' in Hand, the one half would not 
 ' told. 
 
 * There fhould be built in that In- 
 
 * clofure, wherein the Stallion runs 
 ' with the Marcs, a little Lodge to 
 [ retire and preferve him from the 
 
 * fcorching Heats ^ in which there 
 
 * fhould be alfo a Manger, wherein 
 
 * you fliould give him his Oats, 
 ' Peafe, _fp]it Beans, Bread, or what 
 
 * elfe he likes beft. And he mud 
 
 * always be thus taken care of, while 
 
 * he is with the Mares, which will 
 
 * be about 6 or 7 Weeks. 
 
 IVhat Number of Mares a Horfe 
 may cover. 
 
 A certain Author obferves, that 
 according to the before- mentioned 
 Duke's Obfervation, a Horfe may- 
 have 20 Mares in a Seafon, when he 
 has been once ufed to covers but he 
 thinks, the fafeft way would be not 
 ro allow him fo many the firft Year; 
 it being manifeft from the Duke's 
 own Experience, that when a Horfe,- 
 at any Period of his Age, has more 
 than 20 Mares, he is apt to decline, 
 and have the Hair fall off from his 
 Mane and TaiL 
 
 He 
 
B R 
 
 C92) 
 
 B R 
 
 ' He directs that after fifteen a Horfe 
 (Viould be laid afide as a Stallion, o- 
 therwife the Race will degenerate: 
 But as to this, there is no certain 
 Rule, in that fome Horfes are more 
 vigorous at fifteen, than others are at 
 ten. But when a Horle is growing 
 old, he ought to be fpared as much 
 as may be, not only upon the Ac- 
 count of his Breed, but alfo, becaufe 
 if he reccires any Injury in the de- 
 cline of his Age, it will Coon render 
 him unfit for any Service. 
 
 As to how Mares fhou'd be or- 
 dered after Covering, aflifted in foal- 
 ing, (jrc. and how the Foals and 
 Colts fhould be ordered, you will 
 find under the Articles, Mare, Foal, 
 Colt, &c. 
 
 Some advife not to breed in fen- 
 ny moorifh Paftures, nor in Lands 
 too fertile nor too barren ; yet to in- 
 cline a littie to hardnefs, is better 
 than much ranknefs ; the one breeds 
 Health, and the other Dileafes. 
 
 The Situation is beft to be a litt?e 
 hillv^ and in fome Places ftony and 
 rocky; for they are very good for 
 Colts to play on, helps their Wind, 
 knits their Joints, and hardens and 
 makes their Hoofs tough; it is no 
 matter how rough and uncertain it 
 is, it will make them more fure 
 footed. 
 
 You ought to have three Sorts of 
 Grounds, one to ibai in, another to 
 iummer in, and a third to winter in. 
 The firft fhould be without Danger, 
 the fccond fhould not be without 
 Shelter, or under Woods to defend 
 from Storms and Tempefls ; and the 
 third fhould have good Hovels, Barns, 
 Sheds or back Stables, to lay up Win- 
 ter Provifion. 
 
 The Grounds fhould alfo have Par- 
 titions, that each fort may be put 
 by thcmfelves; as young or old. Race 
 or breeding Mares by themlelves ; 
 Weaftlings by themfelves, and Fillies 
 by themfelveS; and Sioned Colts by 
 
 themfelves; or clfe the Breed will 
 come to nothing. 
 
 SWEET-BRIAR. 
 
 The Balls of Sreeet-briar or Eglan- 
 tine are afiringenr, and good againfl 
 Bloody Fluxes, and to flop a Lask or 
 Loofenefs. 
 
 WILD-BRIAR. 
 
 The Balls of WtU-briar are great- 
 ly aflringcnt, and are very good to 
 flop a Lask or Bloody Flux, and effi- 
 cacious in flaling Blood, and alfo dry 
 up ill Humours. 
 
 BRIDLE. 
 
 A Horfe's Bridle is a Contrivance 
 made of Straps or Thongs of Lea- 
 ther and pieces of Iron, in order to 
 keep the Head of a Horfe in Subjec- 
 tion and Obedience. 
 
 Inflead of /lacking the Bridle, it is 
 ufual to fay, Jlack your Hand, loroer 
 your Hand, yield Toith your Hand. 
 
 Inflead of faying, Vull the Bridle^ 
 it is ufual to fay, Bear your Hand. 
 
 To hold by or cleave to the Bridle, 
 is the Fault of an ill Horfe-mao, 
 who clings to it as if it were to the 
 Mane, inflead of flacking his Hand, 
 wlien the Horfe is difbrderly. Such 
 a Perfon docs not by any means fit 
 firm; he either wants the Habit or 
 Force of clinging clofe with his 
 Thighs : He holds'by the Bridle as if 
 it were the Pommel of the Saddle, 
 when a Horfe fiies out. and is difor- 
 derly. 
 
 Touch or Check of the Bridle, 
 See Ebrillade and Sac cade. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to fwatloxo or drink 
 the Bridle, when he has too wide 
 a Mouth, and too fmall a Bit-}r:outh j 
 fo that the Bit rifes too high, and 
 gathers or furls the Lips, and mif- 
 places it fclf above that Place of the 
 Bars where the PrefTure fhould be, 
 and by this means the Curb is alfo 
 difplac'd and fhov'd too high. 
 
 Bridle-hand of a Horfe-man is the 
 Left-hand; the Right-hand is call'd 
 the Sword or Spear-hmd. 
 
BR ( 93 ) ^ ^ 
 
 When a Perfon defigns to travel, many make ufe of a light Saddle likd 
 
 Mr. Gibfon direfts, that whether a 
 Perfon makes ufe of a Bit or Snaf- 
 fle, that the Head-ftall of it be well 
 htted to the Head of the Horfej for 
 if it be too long, the Bir wiil hang 
 too low, which is not only very un- 
 fighrly, but every time the Rider 
 pulls the Reins, it will be apt to 
 grate the Horfe's Mouth, and hurt itj 
 and if the Head-fl-ill be too {hort,the 
 Bit will injure the Weeks of his 
 Mouth, and often caufean Ulcera- 
 tion. 
 
 When the Head is too narrow on 
 the upper Part, it draws the Ears of 
 the Horfe too ciofe together, which 
 i^ very troublelome to ibme Horfes. 
 
 But lockeys rommonly ufe this 
 Method with Horfes that are Leaf 
 8ared, to make them carry their Ears 
 uprighu 
 
 'iTa Bit with Branches be made 
 ufe of for a Journey, both that and 
 ail the other Iron-work fhould be as 
 light as may be; and .ought not to 
 be above twice the Weight of the 
 Snaffle, and as to the length of it, 
 it fhould be exaftly fit for the Mouth 
 ©f the Hoife, that it may not make 
 the Horfe at all uneafy ; for if the 
 Bit be too heavy, it will often caufe 
 him to hang too heavy upon the 
 Hand, and efpecially when he is faint 
 and tired, and this will be likely to 
 bring him to a bad Habit; and if the 
 Bit fhould be either too long or fhort, 
 it would injure the Mouth of the 
 Horfe, and cut his Weeks fo, that he 
 Avill never be cheerfully ferviceable 
 upon the Road, being continually up- 
 on the Fret. 
 
 He recommends SnafHes as lighte(^ 
 and fitteft for the Road, except a 
 Perfon would make an Appearance, 
 and then all things ought to be fuira- 
 ble ; but Houlfters,Houfings, and the 
 Appurtenances of a compleat Furni- 
 ture, are apt to make a Horfe too 
 warm in hot Weather, and therefore 
 
 a hunting Saddle, with the Houlins 
 of a very thin Cloth lin'd with Can- 
 vafs. 
 
 BRIDON, See SNAFFLE. 
 BRILLANT. 
 
 A Horfe is call'd BrilUnt that i5 
 brisk, high mettled and ftarely, as 
 having a raised Neck, a fine Motion, 
 excellent Haunches upon which he 
 rifes, tho' put on never fb little. 
 BRIMSTONE. 
 
 Brimftone is both a Balfamick and 
 a Clennfer, and therefore is in very 
 great Efteem in all Diforders of the 
 Lungs. It is feldom given inwardly 
 crude and unprepared; but it is very 
 likely, it would be more efficacious 
 to Horfes, in that it abounds mor« 
 with Salt than when it is purified, 
 by making its Flowers. It is a!fe> 
 good in outward Applications, and 
 particularly the Mange, in which for 
 real Efficacy, it is inferiour to no o- 
 ther Medicine of that Intention. For 
 Flowers and other Preparations of 
 Brimftone, See Sulphur. 
 BRINE. 
 
 Brh2e, or Water and Salt, is good 
 given inwardly to kill Worms, and 
 apply'd outwardly, to dry Humours, 
 and affwage Swellings. 
 
 TO BRING IN A HORSE. 
 
 This Expreflion to br'mg in a Horfe, 
 llgnifies to keep down his Nofe that 
 bores and tolTes his Nofe up to the 
 Wind. This is done with a good 
 ftrong Branch. 
 
 FOR A SWELLING IN 
 THE BRISKET BELOW THE 
 CHEST. 
 
 If the Swelling in the Brisket or 
 any other Part of the Breaft proceeds 
 from a Surfeit, and you apprehend 
 it will come to a Farcy, and you 
 perceive two or three Buds to ap- 
 pear; then give him two or three 
 Drinks ordered for the Pocky Farcy 
 
 every 
 
B R 
 
 (94) 
 
 B R 
 
 every third Day. And whether the 
 Swelling be broke or not, lay on a 
 Charge ot Soap and Brandy hot a- 
 bo ve the Buds, and heat it well in ; 
 after the Buds appear, lay Ailum and 
 S pittle upon it. Thefe Remedies are 
 fn'id to be fufficient tor Difeafes of 
 tiis Nature. 
 
 BROOKLIME. 
 Brooklime or IVater Pimpernel is 
 '•very opening and difcuffive, of a hot 
 pungent Tahe like Horfe-radifh. The 
 Juice of it fomewhat diluted in warm 
 Water, and given to young foul bo- 
 died Horfes once a Day for fome 
 time, will be of fervice. It is a great 
 Cleanfer of the Blood, and Provoker 
 of Urine. 
 
 BROOM. 
 Broom and Broom-rape. The Twigs, 
 Flowers and Seed are hot and dry» 
 and are efficacious in cleanfing and 
 opening, and elpecially the Seed. It 
 is good againft the Dropfy, and to 
 cleanfe the Kidneys and Bladder, the 
 Afhes of the Leaves and Tops are 
 diuretick, and therefore proper in 
 Dropfy's. 
 
 BUTCHERS-BROOM. 
 Butchers-broom is hot and dry, of 
 a cleanfing Nature, it opens Obftruc- 
 tions, provokes Urine, is good in the 
 Strangury and Yellows. 
 
 BROUILLER. 
 This Term is us'd in the Trench 
 Academics, and imports, that when 
 a Horfe is put to any Manage, he 
 plunges, traveries and appears in dif- 
 order. Thus they fay, Sit very clofe 
 upon that Barb, for he has his Aids 
 fo fine, that if you cling with your 
 Thighs never fo little beyond the 
 Due, and alter your Legs, you will 
 make him Brouiller, and hinder him 
 from working in the Manage : Or 
 this Gentleman is not Mafter of his 
 Legs, he makes his Horfe Brouiller j 
 i. e. he makes him traverle and caft 
 down his Head, the Spur being too 
 hard for him. 
 
 FOR BRUISES or SWELLINGS. 
 ' Ripen the Bruife, (y>c. with Hay 
 
 * boiled in Chamberlye, or by laying 
 
 * rotten Litter upon it; then let out 
 
 * the Corruption, and fill the hollow 
 
 * Place wiih powdered Rofin, and 
 i lay over it a Plaiftcr of Shoe-ma- 
 ' kers Wax, repeat this once a Day 
 
 * till it is whole; if it Iieals butflow- 
 
 * ly, drew on Powder of unflaked 
 
 * Lime, and Bole-Armoniack mixt 
 ' together, and if any proud Flefh a- 
 
 * rifesjay on burnt Allum or Verde- 
 
 * greafe to take it down. 
 
 Another. 
 ^ Boil a little fine Hay in the Yeafi 
 
 * 0^ Ale or Beer, and Vtrjuice, wheri 
 « they have been well boil'd, bind 
 ' the Hay to the Swelling, and pour 
 ' on the Liquor; repeat this for three 
 
 * or four Days, and it will take a- 
 
 * way the Swelling: Or rotten Lit- 
 ter and Hay boil'd in Urine will do 
 the fame. 
 
 Another for an inward Bruife, by 
 a Fall, or otherwife. 
 
 * Boil two Ounces of Powder of 
 
 * Bole-Armoniack, in two Quarts of 
 ' firong Beer or Ale, and alfo an 
 
 * Ounce of Powder of Iri/Jj Slate, let 
 
 * it boil but little ; give it a Horfe 
 
 * lukewarm For three or four Morn- 
 
 * ings together, and it will do well, 
 
 BRYONY. 
 
 There are two Sorts, white and 
 black, are both hot and dry martial 
 Plants; they purge the Bellv with 
 Violence, and therefore ought to be 
 uicd wirh Cor revives, and then are 
 good in all manner of Griefs in the 
 Head, and for the Joints and Sinews, 
 they alio provoke Urine. 
 
 They are reckoned opening and 
 cleanfing, and good in all Obftruc- 
 tionsof the Bowels, and fome Difbr- 
 ders in the Nerves, (y>c. efpecially the 
 Roots. 
 
 BRYONY' 
 
B U 
 
 (9S) 
 
 B U 
 
 BRYONY-WATER. 
 * Take Bryony Roots about fix 
 ' Pounds, Leaves of Rue and Mug- 
 
 * wort, of each three Pounds i Savin, 
 
 * two Handfuis i Feverfew, Cata- 
 
 * w/»r and Penny-royal, of each a 
 
 * Handful and a half j Bafil and Dit- 
 
 * r^«y of Crff^jOfeach alargeHand- 
 
 * fuh of Orange Peels, three Ounces} 
 
 * Myrrh an Ounce and a half, of Caf- 
 
 * tor three quarters of an Ounce, in- 
 
 * fuie all thefe in a Gallon of Spirit 
 
 * of [Vine for fbme Days, and draw 
 
 * them off in a common Still, to 
 
 * the Quantity of three Quarts or 
 
 * better. 
 
 This Water may be given to the 
 Quantity of five or fix Ounces dilu- 
 ted in any fimple Water to a Horfc, 
 in complicated Fevers, and efpccially 
 thofe that afi'ed the Nerves. It is of 
 great Efficacy in Vertigoes, Palfies, 
 Apopledfick and Epileptical Diforders, 
 and Diftempers that any ways affecl 
 the Head, and caufe a Horfe to reel 
 and ftagger. 
 
 BUCKBEAN. 
 
 Is ufed in all the fame Intentions 
 as BrookUme, which fee. 
 
 BUCKS-HORN PLANTAIN. 
 
 * boil it up to the Confidence of a 
 
 * Syrup, with a Pound and half of 
 ' Sugar, putting in three Drams of 
 
 * Nutmegs, and three Drams of Cin- 
 
 * namon, bruifcd and ty'd up in a 
 ' Rag. 
 
 Five or fix Ounces of this dif- 
 folv'd in warm Ale, with an Ounce 
 or two of Cream of Tartar, will 
 make a very good purging Drench, 
 and will commonly begin to work 
 three Hours after. 
 
 BUGLE. 
 Bugle taken inwardly h good to 
 diflblve congealed Blood caufed by a 
 Fall or Bruife, is efficacious in all 
 Wound Drinks. 
 
 BURDOCK. 
 
 The Root of Burdock is fomething 
 hot, but the Leaves are cooling and 
 moderately drying, and are very fer- 
 viceable in old Ulcers or Sores, in 
 Burns or Inflammations. The Juice 
 of the Leaves or Roots are good a- 
 gainft the Biting of venomous Beaf^s. 
 The Seed greatly provokes Urine, the 
 Powder being given in White- wine 
 or Ale. 
 
 BURNET. 
 
 _, , , n; . • • r J • The Herb Burnet is a Drier and 
 
 Bucks-horn Plantain is of a drvmg a a ; ., «. «. j . i i •» • 
 
 , . J. ^ r^ • J -/ID- AftrinCTent, yet moderately cool, it is 
 
 binding Qua ity, is good apainft Poi- „„ j ? n ui r • j 
 
 r- «= ^ 11^ ' • n. u Rood to Itop bleeding inwardly or 
 
 Ion, to Itop a Lask, gooa againlt the ^ .. m ^ t i d j f^i 
 
 -• ' • — ^ . _. ?5 , _ & outwarcj y, or a Lask or B oodyFlux. 
 
 Bloody Flux, and Bloody Urine 
 
 The Plant Bucks horn, aifo call'd 
 Harts-horn, Herb-ivy, Wort, Creffes, 
 or Swine Creffes, are of the fame 
 Quality as Bucks-horn Plantain. 
 BUCK-THORN BERRIES. 
 
 The Syrup is a very good Purga- 
 tive for Horfes, either to fweeten In- 
 fufions or purging Decoftions, it is 
 both very quick and powerful ia its 
 Operation. 
 
 SYRUP OF BUCK-THORN. 
 
 * Take Buck-thorn Berries when 
 
 * they are full ripe, and having pro- 
 
 • cur'd two Pounds of their Juice, 
 
 The Juice or Decodfion either of 
 the Herb or Root, is good for all 
 old Ulcers or running Cankers, and 
 moift Sores. The Seed is alfo good 
 for the fame Intentions. 
 
 BURNING. 
 Burning with hot Irons ftraineth 
 things enlarged, drieth up what is 
 too much moifienedjdifTolveth things 
 gathered together or hardened, draw- 
 eth back things that are difperied, 
 and helpeth old Griefs; for it ripen- 
 eth. difTolveth and makcth them to 
 run and ifiiie forth Matter. See Can- 
 terize and Cauflick, 
 
 BURNING 
 
B U 
 
 C96) 
 
 B U 
 
 BURNING COMPOSITIONS. 
 
 *rhe gentleft is Vnguentum Apofto- 
 hrum i next to that Verjuice and 
 Hog's-greafe beaten together ; next 
 Frecipifate and Turpentine mixt to- 
 gether ,' next Arfenick allay'd with 
 0/7, or fbme healing Salve; nextA/er- 
 cury Sublimate allay 'd with fome 
 fort of cooling Salve; but the word 
 is Litne and Soupy or Lime and ftron;^ 
 Lye beaten together; for they will 
 corrode and mortifie the ibundefl 
 Part that h. 
 
 It is ever better to burn with Cop- 
 per than Iron, becaufe Iron is of a 
 malignant Nature, and Steel ot an 
 indifferent Virtue between both. 
 
 Burning is either A^ual or Poten- 
 tial. 
 
 All ABual Burning is to burn with 
 Inftruments, and Potential Burning is 
 ro burn with Medicines, fuch as Cau- 
 ilicks or Corrofives. 
 
 You muft fometimcs burn under 
 the Sore, to divert Humours; and 
 fomctimes above, to defend and with- 
 hold Humours. 
 
 BURNING OF A MARE. 
 
 If a Mare has been covered, and 
 the Colt knit within her, and ano- 
 ther Horfe covers her, he is faid to 
 burn her. 
 
 BURNS. 
 
 Burns ought fir ft to be bathed 
 v/ith Spirit o\' Wine camphorated,zn^ 
 afterwards anointed with the Oil of 
 Rofes, St. fohns-vporty or Linfeed Oil 
 or Butter. 
 
 If ^e Burn be new, pounded O- 
 77ions apply 'd to the Part immediate- 
 ly will take away the Inflamma- 
 tion ; or black Soap and common Salty 
 or the Juice oi' Onions and Verjuice. 
 But the beft and fafeft oi all, is firft 
 to ufe camphorated Spirits of M^ine, 
 and afterwards to apply the follow- 
 ing Cataplafm : 
 
 ' Boil four Handfuls of Mallow, 
 
 * and as much Marfi-mallows, and a 
 
 * Pound ot Lh/eed in a Gallon of 
 
 * PTatei', uhti! mofl: of the Water is 
 
 * Wafted away, then pulp them 
 
 * through a Sieve, and put to it a 
 
 * Pound of frefti Butter, and three 
 ' Ounces of Camphire powdered, mix 
 
 * them well in a Mortar, and then 
 
 * dawb the Part with it, or fpread it 
 ' on a piece of limber Canvalfs, and 
 
 * lay it on. 
 
 But if the Burti be deep, it ought 
 to be fcarified with a Fleam, aftd the 
 fame Poultice is to be apply 'd o^er 
 it, to haften the E(car or burnt Parts 
 to a Suppuration. You may alio ufe 
 Bleeding and Glyfters, where there is 
 exceflive Heat, and Inflammation, 
 &c. 
 
 A BURN WITH GUNPOW- 
 DER, (^C. 
 
 * Put Varnijl) into fair Water, and 
 ' beat them very well together, then 
 
 * pour away the Water from the Var- 
 ' nifli, and anoint the Burn with a 
 
 * Feather dipt in the Varnijl), and in 
 
 * a few Days drefllng, it will kill the 
 
 * Fire; then heal the Sore with car- 
 
 * nefying and healing Medicines. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Boil Hogs-greafe, icumming off 
 
 * the Filth, and when it is well 
 
 * boiled, take it off the Fire, and iet 
 < it by to cool in an earthen Pan, for 
 
 * four or five Nights in the open 
 ' Air, then waftj it in fair running 
 
 * Water fo often, till it becomes 
 
 * white, then melt it down again, and 
 ' keep it for ufe. Anoint the Burn 
 « with it, and it will cure it. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Beat frefti Butter and the Whites 
 ' of Eggs together, till they become 
 
 * an Ointment, and anoint the Burn 
 ' with it, and it will quickly take a- 
 
 * way the Fire, and cure it tho- 
 
 * rooghiy. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take a Stone of quick Limt 
 ' that has been well burned ( that is 
 
 'ter 
 
C A 
 
 * to be known by its lightnefs) dif- 
 
 * folve it in fair ^ater, and when 
 
 * the Water is fettled, ftrain the clear- 
 
 * eft through a fine Clo'thi then put 
 < in as much in Quantity as the Wa- 
 
 * ter of the Oil of Hemp -feed or Sal- 
 
 * let Oil, and beat them well toge- 
 
 * ther, and it will make a precious 
 
 * Ointment tor all forts of Burns. 
 
 The Nature ot thefe 3 Unguents 
 is to leave no Scars. 
 FOR AN HORSE BURNT BY 
 A MARE. 
 This Injury may be known by 
 the mattering of the Horie's Yard 
 within. The Remedy for it is this: 
 
 * Boil a quarter of a Pound of Rcc.h- 
 
 * Allum in a Pint of White-vpine, let 
 ' it cool, and with a Syringe fquiit 
 
 * it as far into his Yard as you can, 
 
 * and in a few times doing it will 
 
 * cure it. G. fock. 
 
 BUTTER-BUR. 
 
 The Biitter-hur or Petajitis. The 
 Root is good againft the Plague, and 
 Peftilcntial Fevers, by provoking 
 Sweat. The Root powdered and gi- 
 ven in Wine, is an Antidote againft 
 Poifon. Is good for wheezing and dif- 
 ficulty of breathing. 
 
 B U T T E R I S. 
 
 A Butteris is an Inftrument of 
 Steel, fet in a wooden Handle, ufed ia 
 
 ( 97 ) C A 
 
 paring the Foot, or cutting the Hoof 
 of a Horfe. 
 
 BUTTOCKS. 
 
 The Buttocks of a Horfe that is 
 rightly fhap'd and in good order, Mr. 
 E. R. favs, fliould be plump and 
 round, full, and in an even level with 
 hi<; Body ; or if long, that it be well 
 rais'd behind, and fpread forth at the 
 fetting on of the Tail, for thefe are 
 comely and beautiful. 
 
 The narrow Pin Buttock, the Hog 
 or Swine Rump, and the falling and 
 down let Buttock are full of Defor- 
 mity, and fl^.ew both an Injury in 
 Nature, and that they are neither fit 
 or becoming for Pad, Foot-cloth or 
 Pillion.^ 
 
 BUTTON. 
 
 The Button of the Reins of a Bri- 
 Me, is a Ring of Leather with the 
 Reins put thro' it, running all along 
 the length of the Reins. 
 
 To put a Horfe umler the Button^ 
 when a Horfe is ftopt, having no 
 Rider upon his Back, the Reins be- 
 ing laid upon his Neck, and the But- 
 ton lowered fo far down, that the 
 Horfe's Head is brought in by the 
 Reins, and fixed to the true Pofture 
 or Carriage, 
 
 ?^?t?^^?^l^?|^?^?t?^^?^>^^^?^>^^Jt?t 
 
 CABBAGE. 
 
 THE Juice o'i Cabbages and Cole- 
 ■worts being drank, is good a- 
 gainft the Poifon of venomous Beafls, 
 Confuraptions, Obftrudlions of the 
 Liver, Sores and Scabs ^ 'cingdropp'd 
 into the Eyes mixt with Honey is 
 good to clear them. The Plant 
 
 boird in Broth, loofens the Belly j but 
 the fecond Decodiion binds. 
 CACHEXY. 
 A Cachexy is a bad Habit or Con- 
 ftitution; that is, when the Vifcera 
 are unfound, and the Juices diftem- 
 psred. 
 
 H 
 
 CADENCE. 
 
C A 
 
 C9S) 
 
 C A 
 
 CADENCE. 
 Cadence is an equal Meafure or 
 Proportion, which a Horfe obfervcs 
 in all his Motions, when he is tho- 
 roughly managed, and works juftly 
 at Gallop, Terra a Terra,, and the 
 Airsi fo that his Times or Motions 
 have an equal regard to one another, 
 that one does not embrace or take in 
 more Ground than the other, and 
 that the Horfe obferves his Ground 
 regularly. Ot fuch a Horfe it is ufual 
 to make uie oF thefe Terms follow- 
 ing; This Horfe works always upon 
 the fame Cadence j he follows the 
 Cadence 5 he does not change his Ca- 
 dence -^ he remains equally between 
 the two Heels. 
 
 He is fine and gentle in all his 
 Aids, and when put to the Manage, 
 he never interrupts his Cadence. 
 
 The Horfe has fo fine a Mouth, 
 and works with fo much liberty in 
 the Shoulders and Haunclies, that he 
 keeps his Cadence with great Facili- 
 ty: Nay, he takes a very good Ca- 
 dence upon his Airs, without flepping 
 falfe, without jumbling, and works 
 equally to both Hands. See Counter- 
 time and Time. 
 
 CALADE or BASSE. 
 Calade or Baffe is the Defcent or 
 floping Declivity of a rifing Manage- 
 ment Ground, being a fmall Emi- 
 nence upon which a Horfe is feveral 
 times rid down, putting him to a 
 Ihort Gallop, with his Fore -hams in 
 the Air, in order to make him ply 
 or bend his Haunches, and form his 
 Stop upon the Aids of the Calves of 
 his Legs, the Stay of the Bridle, and 
 the Cavezon, feafonably given; for 
 without thefe Aids he would throw 
 himfelf too much upon his Shoul- 
 ders, and not bend his Haunches. 
 
 Upon this Motion the following 
 Terms are uled : 
 
 Work the Horie in a Calade after 
 the Italian way, ride him ftrait, and 
 then you make good ufe of the C/?- 
 iade. 
 
 Thefe Calades will difcourage the 
 Horfe, and perhaps ruin his Hamsj 
 for you have chofen too f>eep a De- 
 clivity 5 and befides you do not make 
 the Aids of the Bridle accord with 
 thofe of the Calves of the Legs. 
 LAPIS C/^LAMINARIS. 
 CaLv/iine, Calaminar or Lapis Ca- 
 laminaris is ufed in Medicine altoge- 
 ther in external Applications, in Oint- 
 ments, Plaiflers or Powders as an Ab- 
 forbent and Dryer. And alfb being 
 reduc'd to an impalpable Powder in 
 Waters and Collyriums for the Eyes, 
 and is very ufeful in drying up 
 Rheums and Deflexions. 
 
 C A L A M I N T. 
 Cala-mint is a warm opening Herb, 
 and when rightly dry'd, is a very 
 good Ingredient in Cordial Powders. 
 I: carries off thin Humours, and 
 thickens thofe that are thin. Is good 
 for fiiortnefs of Breath, helps the Yel- 
 lows, and being given with Salt and 
 Treacle, kills Scabs and Worms. 
 C A L A M I T A. 
 Calamita is a Name given to Sto- 
 rax, becaufe it is often put up in 
 Quills. 
 
 CALLOSITY or CALLUS. 
 Callojity or Call'M fignifies a fort 
 of Swelling that is hard, infenfible, 
 and without Pain, fuch as often 
 happens to Ulcers. 
 
 CALOMEL. 
 Calomel is a Name commonly gi- 
 ven to MercHrim dulcis, when it is 
 often fublim'd. 
 
 CALTHROPS. 
 Water Calthrops being us'd as a 
 Poultice, are good for Inflammations 
 and Swellings, and the Farcin, efpe- 
 cially the Nuts being dry'd. They 
 refift Poifon and the Bitings of veno- 
 mous Creatures. 
 
 CAMOMILE. 
 Ca^nonnle mollifies and diffolves all 
 Griefs of the Liver, is good for Swel- 
 lings, Cholick, Pains in the Belly, 
 Colds, Yellows, r^f. 
 
 CAiM- 
 
C A 
 
 (99) 
 
 C A 
 
 CAMP HI R E. 
 
 Camphire is a pellucid Gam brought 
 fi-om China, and the Ifland of Bcr- 
 neo in the T.ajl-lndies i it is a moft 
 excellent Remedy in all kind of Fe- 
 vers, and all Peftilential Diftempers, and 
 a great Promoter of both the ienli- 
 ble and infenfible Tranrpiration, when 
 moft other things fail. It is alio use- 
 ful in many outward Applications. 
 ELIXIR OF CAiMPHIRE. 
 
 This is nothing but Cafnphire dif- 
 iblved in a Tincture drawn from 
 Sajfron with the Spirit of Wine. It 
 may be made by dillblving four Oun- 
 ces of Camphire in a Quart of the 
 faid Tindure. It is an admirable Re- 
 medy in all malignant and peftilential 
 Fevers. Keep it in a Vial clofe flopt, 
 it may be given to the Quantity of 
 two or three Spoonfuls in a Pint of 
 warm Beer, and will make an excel- 
 lent Cordial Drink. This is alfo pro- 
 per to mix with Venice-Treacle, Mi- 
 thrulate, London Treacle, or any o- 
 ther flich Medicine to promote 
 Sweat, and will fucceed, when few 
 other things will do it. 
 
 CAMPHIRATED. 
 
 Carr>*>!jirated fignifies fome Medi- 
 cine, (^-^c. with Camphire. 
 
 CANINE APPETITE. 
 
 A Canine Appetite is an inordinate 
 Hunger to the Degree of a Difeafe, 
 when any Perfons, ^c. are as vora- 
 cious as Dogs. 
 A CANKER IN ANY PART 
 OF THE BODY. 
 
 Defcription.] A Canker is a poilb- 
 nous creeping Ulcer, that frets and 
 gnaws the Flefh, to a great breadth, 
 the beginning of it is knotty, not 
 very much unlike to the Farcin. It 
 fpreads into divers Places, and when 
 it becomes exulcerated, it at lafl ga- 
 thers together into one Wound or 
 fikhy Sore, from which there runs a 
 fharp Lye, that fetches off the Skin 
 %vhere-ever it goes, and fo both en^ 
 
 creafes the Ulcer, and renders it in- 
 curable. 
 
 The Caufe] It proceeds from me- 
 lancholy and bad Blood, engendred 
 either by the ranknefs of keeping, or 
 by extreme Poverty ; and it this bad 
 Blood be mixt with fait Humours, it 
 cauics a more painful ai.d grievous 
 Exulceraticn. 
 
 It may alio proceed from ibme fil- 
 thy Wound, that has nor been well 
 dreft and kept ciean ; lb rhv the cor- 
 rupt Matter of it infeds the other 
 clean Parts of the Body. 
 
 The Cure.'] ' The aniiient Farriers 
 
 * uicd, firft o'-^ all to bleed the Horfe 
 
 * well in the Ve'ns next the Sore, 
 
 * and having boii'd Alun7 half a 
 
 * Pound, of green Copperas a quarter 
 
 * ot- a Pound, and a good Handful of 
 ' Salt, in two Quarts of running Wa- 
 
 * ter till half of it was wafled ; and 
 
 * waOied the Sore with a Clout ia 
 ' that Liquor being warm, and then 
 ' flrew'd on the Powder of unflak'd 
 
 * Lime once a Day for a Fortnight. 
 ' And if the Lime did not mortify 
 
 * the rank Flefh., and keep it from 
 
 * fpreading any farther, then they 
 
 * beat half a Pound of Soap, and half 
 
 * an Ounce o? ^uich-filzer together 
 
 * in a Pot till they were fo well 
 
 * mixed, that the ^Ack-Jdver could 
 
 * no- be perceived, and then having 
 
 * wafl^/d the Sore v^ith the former 
 ' Liquor, covered the Wound with 
 
 * an Iron Splice or Splatcr with this 
 ' Ointment, repeating this once a 
 
 * Day. And if it left fpreading, fa 
 
 * that the rank Flefh was well mor- 
 ' tified, and the Edges began to ga- 
 
 * ther Skin i then after they had 
 
 * wafh'd it, they drefs'd it with Lime 
 ' as before, until it was who'e, wi- 
 
 * ping off all the foul Matter that 
 ' came from the Sore, or wafhing it 
 
 * away with warm Water. And they 
 ' kept the Horle while under Cure 
 
 * to a thin Diet, and thorough Exer- 
 
 * ciie, 
 
 K 1 And 
 
G A 
 
 ( 100 ) 
 
 C A 
 
 And if this canketous Ulcei hap- 
 pened to be in the Tail of a Hor!e, 
 which may be perceived by the fal- 
 ling off of the Hairs, and alio by the 
 Wound : ' Then they made a Bolder 
 
 * of fbft Cloth or Spunge, and wet- 
 
 * ting it thoroughly wirh Vinegar, 
 
 * bound it on fall to the Sorej wet- 
 
 * ting it again as it grew dry, twice 
 
 * or thrice a Day,' or oftener, for 5 
 < or 4, Days, and then healing up 
 
 * the Wound with Hogs-greafe and 
 
 * Turpentine melted together, or fome 
 
 * fuch Medicine. 
 
 Some for a Canker in the Body, 
 
 * Boil or bake an Ounce of the Juice 
 
 * of the Root of Affedety, two Oun- 
 
 * ces of Orpiment and Arfenick, and 
 
 * three Ounces of unflaked Lime in 
 
 * an earthen Veffel clofe ftopt,' till it 
 
 * becomes a Powder, and having 
 
 * wafli'd the Sore with ftrong Vine- 
 « gar, ftrew the Powder upon it. 
 
 * Some pound Garlick with Hogs- 
 
 * greafe, till it comes to be a Salve, 
 
 * and having wafli'd the Sore with 
 
 * either Vinegar, Alum-xoater, Cop- 
 
 * peras-vpater, or old Urine, anoint it 
 
 * once or twice a Day till it be 
 « whole. 
 
 * Others account it the beft to 
 « mix Alum, Ginger and Vinegar to- 
 
 * gether, till they become a Salve, 
 
 * and anoint the Sore with it, which 
 
 * will both kill the Poifon and heal 
 
 * the Ulcer. 
 
 A CANKER or LITTEROUS 
 ULCER IN THE HEAD. 
 
 This Difeafe v/ill (bmetimes fet 
 upon the Eyes, and fbmetimes the 
 Noftrils. It may be known by the 
 rawnefs, and running of yellow Wa- 
 ter. 
 
 For the Cure. ' Take half a Pint 
 
 * of Sallet-Oil, three Ounces of Bur- 
 
 * gundy Fitch, and an Ounce of Oil 
 
 * of Turpentine, boil them together 
 
 * in a Pipkin a pretty while, then 
 
 * take it off the Fire, and put in a 
 
 '■ Penny-worth of Verdegreafe beaten 
 fine, and boil all together to a 
 
 ■ Salve ; but take Care to prevent it 
 
 ■ from boiling over, which the Ver- 
 ' degreafe will cauie it to do, unlefs 
 ' you have another Pipkin Handing 
 
 * ready to pour fome of it into as 
 ' there fjiall be occafion ; which you 
 ' are to put in again; you muft keep 
 
 * it ftirring all the while, and when 
 
 * it is come to be of a moderate 
 ' Confidence, take it off and keep 
 
 * it for ufe. 
 
 If this Medicine be apply'd to a 
 Canker in the Nodrils : * Then tye a 
 ' Rag about the end of a Stick, and 
 ' dip it in White- wine Vinegar and 
 ' Salt, and run it up the Horfe's NoC- 
 ' trils,to rub off all the Scales; when 
 
 * you have wafli'd it clean, take a 
 ' Feather, and if one be too fhorr, 
 ' put two together, and dip it in the 
 
 * cold Salve, and run it up his Noftrils 
 
 * once a Day. 
 
 If the Can her be in the Head, Face 
 or Eyes, ' Rub the Canker with Tow 
 till it bleeds, and when it has done 
 bleeding, anoint it with a Feather 
 dipt in the Salve before-mentioned, 
 and ftrew Wheat Bran upon the 
 Salve, which will make it keep on 
 the better. Drefs it once a Day till 
 you find it heal, and once in two 
 or three Days while it is healing 
 up. Let him ftand all the time of 
 Cure. 
 
 CANKER IN THE MOUTH. 
 
 A Canker in the Mouth is Rawneis 
 of the Mouth and Tongue, which is 
 full of very fore Blifters, fi-om whence 
 runs a very hot and fharp Lye, which 
 frets and corrodes, or rots the Fielh 
 wherever it comes. 
 
 The Signs are the apparent Sign 
 of the Sore, hs will flaver at the 
 Mouth, and the Roots of his Tongue 
 will be eaten with the Canker, the 
 Sides of his Mouth will be hot, raw 
 and yellow, bclides the forlakirg of 
 
 his 
 
C A 
 
 ( loi ) 
 
 C A 
 
 his Food, 3nd indeed becaufe he can- 
 not fwallow it down, but lets it lie 
 half chew'd between his Jaws, and 
 fometimes when he has chew'd it, 
 he will thiuft it ou: again, and his 
 Breath will imell very ftrong, efpe- 
 cialiy when he is fafting. 
 
 The Caufe.] This Diftemper of- 
 ten proceeds from Ibme unnatural 
 Heat, which comes fiom the Sto- 
 mach, and fometimes from the Ve- 
 nom of filthy Food. 
 
 The Cnre.] ' Some take Alum a 
 
 * Pound, of Honey a quarter of a 
 
 * Pint, Sage and Coiumhrne Leaves, 
 
 * of each half a Handful 3 boil all 
 
 * thefe in three Pints of running Wa- 
 
 * ter, till a third part be wafte'^, and 
 
 * waih all the fore Places with it, 
 
 * till they bleed once a Day, till they 
 
 * be whole. 
 
 * Some firft caft the Horie, and 
 
 * having opened his Mouth with a 
 
 * Rolling Pin, they take out all the 
 
 * (linking Grafs, ^c. with a crook- 
 5 ed Iron, wrapt about with Tow or 
 
 * Flax, from under his Jaws, and 
 ^ the Root of his Tongue, and walh 
 
 * all the lore Places with the fame 
 
 * Iron dipt in Tow, and ftrong Wine 
 ' Vinegar heated warm, after which 
 
 * they teed him with warm Mafhes 
 
 * and hot Grains for at leaft a Week i 
 
 * but he mull not have any Hay^ and 
 •= he will foon be whole. 
 
 ' Others take feven Drams of the 
 « Juice of Dajjvilil Roots, and the 
 " fame Quantity of the Juice of 
 
 * Hounds-tongue, an Ounce of Alurriy 
 
 * ieven Drams of Vinegar^ and mix- 
 
 * ing thefe together, v/aih the Can- 
 
 * ker with it once a Day till it is 
 
 * whole. 
 
 Others account this the bcft way 
 of Cure, ' To take Allum and Gin- 
 
 * ger, of each equal Quantities, and 
 
 * to powder them very fine, and mix 
 
 * them to the Confiftence of a Salve 
 f v/ith ftrong Vinegar, and having 
 [ waflied the Canker clean, either 
 
 ' with Allum-Tvater, or Vinegar, to 
 
 * anoint it with the Salve before- 
 
 * mentioned, and it w.ll kill the 
 
 * Canker in two or three times dref- 
 
 * fing, and heal it quickly. 
 
 Another. 
 
 ' Boil half a Pound of the beft 
 
 ' Roch Allum, and a Handful of Re4 
 
 « S^ge in a Pint of the beft White- 
 
 ' Wtr.e Vinegar, and wafh the Horfe's 
 
 * Tongue and Mouth with it. 
 
 If the Canker has eaten any Holes 
 in the Horfe's Mouth, and cauied ma- 
 ny Sores : ' Boil a Handful of red 
 ' Sage, an Handful of unfet Hyfop^ 
 ' and ten or a dozen Sprigs of Rofe^ 
 ' mary in two Quarts of running 
 ' Sfrmg Water (and if it be Summer 
 
 * time, five or fix Walnut Leaves^ 
 
 * and four Ounces of Roch Allum ) 
 ' till it is half wafted, then pour it 
 ' into an earthen Pan, Herbs and all, 
 
 * and being cold, take ten or twelve 
 ' Spoonfuls of the Liquor, an.i ha- 
 ' ving a Linen Rag ty'd to a Stick, 
 ' dip it in, and wafh the Horfe's 
 ' Mouth and Throat all over, holding 
 ' his Tongue in your Hand, and af- 
 
 * terwards throw a Handful of Salp 
 ' into his Mouth; after that dip a 
 
 * Rag ty'd on the end of another 
 
 * Stick into Tar, and rub it all over 
 
 * the fore Places of his Mouth, and 
 
 * once in three Days give him a Cor- 
 
 * dial of M'^lite-wine and Honey, and 
 ' ride or work him upon it. Thefe 
 
 * things will bring him to a Sto- 
 
 * mach, cleanfe it, take away the 
 ' Heai- of it, and comfort it, cut the 
 
 * tough Phlegm there, loolen his Bo- 
 
 * dy, and cure the Canker in a fhort 
 
 * time; unlefs his Tongue and Mouth 
 ' be very much eaten indeed. 
 
 There will be no need to wafh 
 his Mouth afterwards with the V/a- 
 ter and Tar ; for the Cordial, Wine 
 and Honey v^dll heal it alone. His 
 Hay and Provender muft be clean and 
 moift; but no Chaff, for that will 
 ftick in his Mouth. 
 
 H 3 CANKER 
 
C A ( 102 ) 
 
 CANKER IN THE NOSE, or 
 ANY OTHER PART OF THE 
 BODY. 
 
 * Take Vinegar and the Juice oF 
 
 * Tlantd'm, of each a like (^.-antity, 
 
 * ^nd the lame Weight oi- Allum 
 
 * powdered, and anoint the Sore two 
 
 * or three times a Dav with it, and 
 
 * it will kill it, and cure it. 
 
 CANKER IN THE TONGUE. 
 
 The Mouth and Tongue of tJie 
 Horle will be raw within, and his 
 Breath will ftink, and roping Slaver 
 will ifTje from his Mouth. ' Boil 
 ' the Quantity of an Egg of Roch- 
 
 * Allum, in three or four Spoonfuls 
 
 * of White rrine Vinegar, with a 
 
 * Handful of Columbine Leaves cut 
 
 * fmail, and a Spoonful of Honeys 
 
 * wain his Tongue with this once a 
 
 * Day rill it is "whole, with a R^ag 
 
 * ty'd on a Stick: Two or 3 times 
 
 * dreffing will effed: the Cure. 
 
 CANON MOUTH. 
 
 The Camn Mouth of a Bit is a 
 round but long piece of Iron, coniif- 
 titH^ iometiraes of two pieces that 
 Couple, and bend in the middle j and 
 ibnir times only of one piece, that 
 does not bend as in the Canon Mouth 
 a Trompe. 
 
 All forts o'[ Canon Mouths are con- 
 trived to keep the Horfe in Subjedi- 
 on, and rif<; gradually towards the 
 middle, and afcend towards the Pa- 
 late; that io the void fpace left un- 
 derneath, may give fome liberty to 
 the Tongue. 
 
 CANTHARIDES. 
 
 Cantha fides or Spanifh r/;>i,abojind 
 with a ilibtile Cauflick Salt, where- 
 by they foon raife the Skin into a 
 Blifter: And for that reafbn are ufed 
 in Cauftick Ointn-.ents to drain off-' 
 thin ferous Humours, and to difTolve 
 hard Excreicences in the Nerves and 
 finewy Farts. They are alfo of gi-eat 
 Efficacy inwardly to fcour the urina- 
 
 C A 
 
 ry Paflages from tough and flimy 
 Matter; but it is not very fafe to 
 give them to Horfes in thefe Inten- 
 tions, bccaufe they are apt to caufe a 
 Srrangury, if not well guarded by 
 foftning and oily Remedies. 
 CAPARISON. 
 A Caparifon is a Horfe-cloth. or a 
 fort of Cover for a Horfe, which is 
 ipread over his Furniture. 
 
 For Led Horfes it is commonly 
 made of Linen Cloth, with the Arms 
 of the Mafter in the middle, which 
 covers the Croupe, and v/ith two 
 Cyphers on the two Sides; and is 
 bordered round with Woollen. 
 
 Caparifons for the Army are Some- 
 times a great Bear's Skin, and thofe 
 for Stables in the Summer time are 
 of fingle Buckrum, and thofe for the 
 Winter of Cloth. 
 
 C A P E L E T. 
 A Cape let is an Imperfedion on 
 the Tip of the Hock, it being move- 
 able and more fwell'd than ordinary. 
 
 When a Capdet is fmali, it does a 
 Horfe no great harm, and fcarce 
 hinders his Work, and were it not 
 for fear that it might grow bigger, 
 it would be the mod inconfiderable 
 Imperfedfion to which the Ham is 
 fubjcd ; but when it grov/s large, it 
 becomes painful, and of conlequence 
 caufes the Horfe to lofe his Body. 
 
 Many times large Coach Horfes 
 after a Journey, have fmall Capelets, 
 which afterwards wear off by Reft, 
 CAPILLARY VESSELS. 
 Capillary Vejjels are Ramifications 
 of the Arteries and Veins, where they 
 become fmall like Hairs. 
 
 CAPITAL LEES. 
 
 Capital Lees are the flrong Lees 
 maide by Soap Boilers from Pot Aflies, 
 which are ufed as a Cauflick. 
 CAPITAL MEDICINES. 
 
 Capital Medicines are the Venice 
 Treacle, Miihridate, Sec, 
 
 CA« 
 
C A 
 
 ( 103 ) 
 
 C A 
 
 CAPRIOLES. 
 
 Caprioles are Leaps Firma a Fir- 
 ina, or luch as a Horfe makes in one 
 and the fame place, without advancing 
 forwards, and in fuch a manner, that 
 v/hen he is in the Air and Height of 
 his Leap, he yerks or flrikes out 
 with his hinder Leg?, even and near. 
 
 A Capriole is the mofl: difficult of 
 all the high Manage or rais'd Airs. It 
 is different from the Croutade in this, 
 that the Horfe does not fhow his 
 Shoes i and from a Balotade, in that 
 he does not yerk out in a Balctade. 
 
 A Horie will never work well at 
 Caprioles, unlefs he be put between 
 two Pillars, and taught to raife firft 
 his Fore-quarters, and then his Hind- 
 quarters, while his Fore are in the 
 Air. To do which you muft give 
 the Aids of the Whip and the Poin- 
 fon. 
 
 To teach a Horie to make Ca- 
 pricles,2.nd yerk out handfomely with 
 hi5 Hinder-feet, you muft ftay and 
 help him with your Hand, and your 
 Heels. 
 
 Concerning this Motion, they fay; 
 this Leaping Horfe takes to Caprioles 
 oit himfeif, for he makes equal Leaps, 
 and that upon the Hand, /. e. with- 
 out forcing the Hand, and refting 
 heavy upon the Bridle. See to Terk. 
 C A R A C O L. 
 
 A Car a col is an oblique Fifie or 
 Tread, traced out in Semi Rounds, 
 changing from one Hand to another, 
 v/ithcut obferving a regular Ground. 
 
 When the Horie advance to charge 
 in Battel, they ride fometimes in Ca- 
 racals to amufe the Enemy, and put 
 them in doubt, whether they are a- 
 bout to charge them in the Front or 
 in the Flank. 
 
 Canzcol is a SpanifJj Word, and in 
 that Language figni'rics the Motion 
 that is made by a Squadron of Horfe, 
 when in an Engagement, the firft 
 Rank has no fooner nr'd their Piftols; 
 but they divide and open into two 
 
 half Ranks, the one wheeling to the 
 right, and the of her to the left, along 
 the Wings of the Body to the Rear. 
 
 The fame order is obferv'd by eve- 
 ry Rank after firing; and the wheel- 
 ing or turning from the Front to the 
 Rear, is call'd a Caracol. 
 
 To Caracole, is to go in the form 
 of half Rounds. 
 
 CARDAMUM. 
 
 Cardamum is of the lame Virtue 
 and Efficacy with Anni feeds. The 
 Seeds are good to cleanle the Reins, 
 and caufe a Horfe to dale. 
 CARDUUS. 
 
 Cardum Bened\cim-> or the Bleffed 
 Thijlle, is an extraordinary Stomach- 
 ick. It is a proper Ingredient in all 
 fjch Balls, or other Compofitions ex- 
 hibited to corroborate and ftrengthen 
 the Stomach. The diftilled Water is 
 a good Vehicle in Cordials. The Herb 
 being dry'd, is beft in Cordial and 
 Stomachick Powders. 
 
 ELECT. CARIOCOSTINUM, 
 
 ' Take Cloves, Zedoary, Cw/nin- 
 ^ feeds, Ginger, of each four Drams; 
 • Hermod.iciils and Diagridiu,m, of 
 ' each an Ounce; reduce them into 
 ' Powder, and make them into, an 
 ' Ele'vfluary with three times their 
 ' Weight of Honey. 
 
 Halt this Quantity may be given 
 at once to a very ftrong Horie. It is 
 an admirable Purge, and fometimes 
 is given to Horfcs to the Quantity 
 of four Ounces. It may be made 
 into a Drench by mixing it in Ale 
 milk-warm, and will purge fo pow- 
 erfully as even to ftir the Humours 
 in the remoteft Parts, whereby it 
 cannot but do great fervice in many 
 Cales, where there are cold Phleg- 
 matick Swellings and Humours about 
 the Joints, ^c. 
 
 CARIOUS. 
 
 A Cmom is a foul Bone, or one 
 inclining to Rotteanef?. 
 
 H 
 
 CAR- 
 
C A 
 
 CARRAWAYS. 
 
 Carravpays are endued with much 
 the lame Virtues as Annifeeds. They 
 break the Wind, and provoke Urine. 
 The Seeds are good tor Coids in the 
 Head or Stomach. 
 
 CARREER. 
 
 A Carreer fignifies the Ground that 
 is proper for a Manage, and the 
 Courieor Race of a llorfe that does 
 not go beyond 200 Paces, 
 
 Concerning a dneer, theie Terras 
 are ufed : 
 
 This Bar6 makes a good dirreer, 
 from pacing to flopping. 
 
 This Engitjl) Hoifc does not fur- 
 n'tJJ} his Carreer ■■, that is, he does not 
 finifli hisCourfe with the £m.elwiFr- 
 Titk, nor does move fo fhort and 
 fwift at the middle, and end, as he 
 does at the beo;inning. 
 
 This Spanifh Horfe is fit For the 
 Ring, he has a fliort and fwift Car- 
 reer, and holds it for a hundred Pa- 
 ces. 
 
 TO CARRY LOW. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to carry low, that 
 lowers his Head too much, and has 
 naturally a fofr, ill f]-,aped Neck. 
 
 All Horfes which arm themfelves, 
 carry low : But a Horfe may carry 
 low without arming: For when he 
 arms himfelf, his Neck is too fupple, 
 and he wants to evade the Subjeftion 
 of the Bridlci but when he does car- 
 ry low, he has his Neck ill placed, 
 and ill made. 
 
 When a Horle carries loWyjoumzy 
 try whether a French Branch or a 
 Gigot will raife him; but tho' they 
 can redlify Nature, it is doubtful whe- 
 ther they can change it. 
 
 TO CARRY WELL. 
 
 To carry well, or in a becoming 
 Pofture, IS laid of a Horfe whofe 
 Keck fs rais'd or arched, and that 
 holds his Head high, without con- 
 ^raint, firm and well placed. 
 
 ( 104 ) C A 
 
 CASSIA FISTULARIS. 
 
 C^JJia Fifiularis \s a Cane which 
 grows upon a large Tree in fome 
 Parts of Brajil; it contains a black 
 Pu'p in the infide \vhich is extreme- 
 ly fwect, and is that part which is 
 made uie of in Medicine •■, it purges 
 very genrly, and is the chief Ingre- 
 dient in the Lenitive E!e6iuary. 
 TO CAST A HORSE. 
 
 When you arc to perform any O- 
 peration that requires the Horfe to be 
 cajl. In fuch Caie you muft bring 
 him upon fome even fmooth, fbfc 
 Place, or into a Barn, where foft 
 Straw is laid, and having a long P. ope 
 double it, and caft a Knot a Yard 
 from the Bought ; then put the 
 Bought about his Neck, and the 
 double Rope betwixt his Fore-legs, 
 and about his hinder Pafterns, and 
 underneath his Fetlocks; then put the 
 Ends of the Rope underneath the 
 Boughts of his Neck, and draw them 
 fuddenly, and they will overthrow 
 him; then make faft the Ends of 
 the Rope, and hold down his Headj 
 taking Care to have good ftore of 
 Straw under ir. 
 
 To brand a Horie on the Buttock, 
 or to do any thing about his hinder 
 Legs, that he may not ftrike: Take 
 up his contrary Fore-leg, and when 
 you brand the Horfe, let the Iron be 
 red I)ot, and the Hair feared away, 
 and the Flefh fcorched in every P.acc 
 before you let him go. £. R. 
 FOR A HORSE THAT CAST . 
 FORTH HIS DRINK. 
 
 This Infirmity proceeds either from 
 a Cold in the Stomach, or other Cau- 
 ies, as a Cold in the Head, where the 
 Rheum binding about the Roots and 
 Kernels of the Tongue, ha^h as it 
 were ftrangled and made llreight the 
 Pailages to the Stomach. 
 
 To prevent this, ' Give him Cor- 
 
 ' dial and warm Drinks; as Malm- 
 
 ' fiji Cinmrnon, Amifeeds and Cloves^ 
 
 ! well 
 
C A 
 
 ( lo;) 
 
 C A 
 
 ^ well brewed and mingled together, 
 < and anoint his Breaft and under his 
 « Shoulders with Oil of Cyprus, Oil 
 
 * of Spike, or Oil of Pepper, and purge 
 « him with Fumes or Pills j for fuch 
 
 * Fumigation joining with thefe hot 
 « Olh, will loon dilTolve the Hu- 
 
 * mours. 
 
 Sometimes this Defe£^ proceeds 
 from a Glut of Provender, or by eat- 
 ing raw or green Food, as Beans, 
 Peas, (^c. Then give him comforta- 
 ble things : ' As Diapente boiled in 
 
 * Beer or Ale : Or keep him fafting, 
 
 * and let him have no Meat, but 
 
 * what he will take out oF your 
 ' Hand, -viz. Bread, Hay, Oats, (^c. 
 ' Let his Drink be new Milk till his 
 
 * Stomach returns again. In order 
 
 * to bring him to a Stomach, p\it a 
 
 * piece oF four brown Bread that has 
 
 * been fteeped in Vinegar into a Bag, 
 
 * and hang it at his Nofe to fmell 
 
 * to it. 
 
 CASTING HAIR or HOOF. 
 
 Horfes cajl or Jljed their Hair at 
 leafl:' once a Year. Every Spring they 
 cafl: their Winter Coat, and take a 
 'Summer one J and fometimes at the 
 End of Autumn they put on their 
 Winter Hair^ if they have been ill 
 curried, or ill clothed, or kept in a 
 cold Stable. 
 
 Sometimes they cafl their Hoof, 
 and this Frequently happens to thofe 
 Coach-horfes that come from Hol- 
 lami; For that being bred in a moift, 
 marfhy Ground, it caufes their 
 Hoofs to be too flabby, and of too 
 weak a Confiftence 3 fo that when 
 they come into a dryer Country, 
 where the Provender they are fed 
 with is lefs juicy, they gradually caft 
 their Hoof by reafon that their Foot 
 grows, and another firmer Hoof is 
 formed. 
 
 As to thofe Horfes that caft their 
 Hoofs, the Farrier fhould give them 
 3 good Form in fhoeing them j or elie 
 
 their Feet will grow flat, and like an 
 
 Oifler Shell. 
 
 CASTOR. 
 
 Caflor is a Kernelly Subflance, 
 grov/ing in the hind Parts oF a Bea- 
 ver. Ic is by fame miftaken For the 
 Beavers Stones. It is brought to us 
 either From NeTx>- England or RuJJia, 
 the latter is the beft, the other being 
 often adulterated or faftitious. The 
 Nevp-EngUnd Caftor is in Cods that 
 are long and crumpled. The KuJ]7a. 
 Caftor is round Cods, the beft is of 
 a reddifh Colour, and a volatile pun- 
 gent Scent. It is a great Comforter 
 of the Head, and ufefui in all Difor. 
 ders of the Nerves. 
 
 SPIRIT OF CASTOR. 
 
 ' Take the beft RuJJia Caftor Four 
 ' Ounces, Flower oF Lu'vender an 
 ' Ounce, Sage and Kofemary, oFeach 
 
 * four Drams; Cinnamon fix Drams, 
 
 * Mace and Cloves^ of each two 
 
 * Drams, digeft in three Quarts of 
 
 * Spirit of Wine, and draw of the 
 
 * Spirit. 
 
 This has all the Virtues oF the 
 Tincaure oF Caftor, but is efteemed 
 better in many Refpeds, becauFe of 
 the Aromaticks. It is a very good 
 Cordial, and particularly ferviceable in 
 the Staggers, and in all Diforders of 
 the Head, which proceed from the 
 Nerves. It may be given to the 
 Quantity of two or three Ounces in 
 Milk, Water, or a Decoftion of Rue^ 
 Scordium, or Fenny -royaU or any o- 
 ther proper Vehicle. 
 
 OF CATAPLASMS and 
 POULTISES. 
 
 Tho' ibme make a Diftindion be- 
 tween Poultifes and Cataplaftns, the 
 difference is inconiiderable. Their 
 ufe is to ripen or expel Tumours, to 
 abate Heat and Inflammations, and 
 in divers other outward Intentions j 
 for they have this advantage beyond 
 fome other external Forms, viz.. An 
 additional Heat and Warmth, befides 
 
 what 
 
C A (I 
 
 what is in the Ingredients them- 
 felvesj and as moft oF them have al- 
 fo fomething very emollient in their 
 Compofiticn, they ibften and relax 
 the Skin, by which means an En- 
 trance is made the more eaiily to 
 thoie Ingredients that are adapted to 
 attenuate the vifcid Juices which 
 cnufe Obftrudlionsj Co that the ob- 
 ilrudled Matter is either return'd by 
 the common Courfe of Circulation, 
 or difcharg'd by the Pores, ^c. and 
 £o thofe Intentions are commonly 
 Fiiuch iboner anfwer'dby Cataplafms, 
 than by Plaiflers or Ointments of any 
 kind. 
 
 CATHARTICKS. 
 
 Catharticks are purging Medicines 
 ot any fort. 
 
 CATHOLICIC. 
 
 Catholick fignifics univerfal. Hence, 
 a Catholick Medicine is one that is 
 fuppos'd to purge ail Humours. 
 CATHOLICON, 
 
 A Cathclicon is an univerfal Medi- 
 cine, the fame as Pa?mcea, or a Me- 
 dicine fuppos'd to purge all Hu- 
 naouis. 
 
 A CathoUcon for Glyjlers from 
 Solleyfell, 
 
 * Take of the Roots o: Flower- a'e- 
 « luce oi^ Florence, four Ounces j Sen- 
 
 * nay fine Aloes, and Hermodacl'des, 
 *^ of each two Ounces, Indian Fine 
 
 * Kuts, half an Ounce j black and 
 " white Hellebore, of each one Ounce; 
 
 * reduce all the Insured ients into a 
 " grois Powder, and put them into 
 
 * a large Pot, with three Pints of 
 
 * Water y half an Ounce of Spirit of 
 
 * Vitriol, znd two Ounces of i^Z-^r//- 
 « nelU powdered; let them ftand in 
 
 * a cold Infufion three Days, and as 
 « many Nights ftirring them from 
 
 < time to time; then flrain out the 
 ' Liquor thro' a very thick Canvals 
 
 * Bag, and evaporate it with a gen- 
 
 * tie Heat over a clear Fire, till there 
 
 < be about a Pint remaining, to which 
 
 06) 
 
 C A 
 
 ' add twelve Ounces of common 
 
 * Honey, and boii it to the thicknefs 
 ' of a Syrup. Then put in jFallap 
 
 * and Turbithy of each two Ounces ; 
 
 * ColoquimiJa and Gum Gotte, of 
 
 * each one Ounce, Scainjnony half an 
 
 * Ounce, green Anntfeed and Fennel- 
 'feeds, of each one Ounce; all re- 
 
 * duc'd to a fine Pov/der and well 
 
 * fearced ; boil'd to the thicknefs of 
 
 * an Eleftuary, ftirring perpetually. 
 Its Dofe is from three Ounces to 
 tlirce Ounces and an half; diifolv'd 
 in any of the ufual Decotlions for a 
 Glyfter; he fays, it operates very ef- 
 feftually, and is an univerfal Purger 
 of all corrupt and bad Humours. 
 
 CATMINT. 
 
 Catmint is a Plant that is in flow- 
 er moft of the Summer Months, and 
 is an Herb very ferviceabLe in Fevers, 
 and where the Nerves are affeffed ; 
 and for that reafbn is a good Ingre- 
 dient in Cordial Powders. 
 
 CAVALCADOUR. 
 
 Cavalcadoitr is a French Word, and 
 fignifies the ^uerry, that's Mailer of 
 the Horfe. 
 
 In Italy the Word fignifies one 
 who trots Colts with Bardellc Sad- 
 dles. 
 
 CAVALIER. 
 
 Cavalier in the Manage fignifies 
 one that underflands Horfes, and is 
 praftifed in the Art of riding them ; 
 but in a Warlike Senfe, it fignifies all 
 Soldiers that ride on Horfe-back. 
 CAVALLERISSE. 
 
 Is an old Italian Word, and figni- 
 fies a Perfbn well verfcd in the Art 
 of breaking and governing Horfes. 
 
 CAVESSE DE MORE, See 
 Moor s- he ad. 
 
 CAVESSON or CAVEZON. 
 
 A Cavezon is a fort of NoiebancJ, 
 fometimes of Iron, and fbmetimes 
 of Leather or Wood; fometimes fiat, 
 and fbmetimes hollow or twilled ; 
 which is put upon the Nofe of a 
 
 Ka-fe 
 
C A 
 
 Horfe to wring it, and by that means 
 to forward the fuppling and breaking 
 of the Horie. 
 
 An Iron Cavezon fives and fpares 
 the Mouths of young Horfes, when 
 they are broken ; for by the help of 
 it, they are accuftomed to obey the 
 Hand. And to bend the Neck and 
 Shoulders without hurting their 
 Mourhs, or ipoiling their Bars with 
 the Bit. 
 
 It is a Semicircle or Band of Iron 
 bent to an Arch, compofed of two 
 or three pieces joined together by 
 Hinges, which is clapp'd on theNofe 
 of a young Horfe. 
 
 Some of them are twifted or 
 wreathed, and fbme are flat, which 
 bear equally upon the Nofe. Thele 
 are the beft. 
 
 CavefTons of Leather or Wood, are 
 rnade ufe of when Horfes are put 
 between two Pillars i and then they 
 life this ExprelTion, A Horfe takes 
 the Ropes, they mean the Ropes or 
 S trapes of that fort of Cavezon. 
 
 A Cavejjon a Stgtiette, or biting 
 CavelTon, is hollow in the middle, and 
 notch'd like a Saw, upon the two 
 fides of its Concavity, to pinch the 
 Nofe of a too furly or fliff-necked 
 Horfe J but is now in difufe. 
 
 The Cavejfon Camare was armed 
 with little Teeth en very fharp points 
 of Iron; which tore and abuled a 
 Horfe, fo that it is alfo in diiufe in 
 the French Academies. 
 
 All Iron CuveJJons are mounted 
 with a Head-flail, a Throat-band » and 
 two Straps or Reins with 5 Rings; 
 one Rein is pafs'd through the mid- 
 dle Ring, when it is intended to 
 make a Horfe pafs round a Pillar ; or 
 round a Man that ftands in the Cen- 
 ter inflead of a Pillar, 
 
 The two Reins which the Rider 
 holds in his Hand, or makes faft to 
 the Saddle, are pafTed through the z 
 fide Rings, to keep a Horfe's Head in 
 3ubje£lion, and to fupple his Shoulders. 
 
 ( 107 ) C A 
 
 CAUTERIZING. 
 
 Cauterizing is called by fbme. 
 Burning, Searing, Bliflering, or giving 
 the Fire. The Violence of Fire fe- 
 parating and digefting all manner of 
 Humours, v/hereby a Difcharge is 
 made, which gives Relief in the 
 moft obflinate external Maladies. 
 
 There are two Methods of cau^ 
 terizing, one aBual, which is done 
 by the Hand and an Inftrument, /'. e, 
 a hot Iron ;the other potential, which 
 is performed by applying Cauflick or 
 Corrofive Medicines. 
 
 Aciual Cautery is ufed principally,' 
 when there is any Apofthumation in 
 any Sinew, Part, or Member, or a- 
 mongft any of the moft principal 
 Veins; alio when a Joint is to be 
 difmembred or cut away, or when 
 any Incifion is to be made, where 
 there is a tear of any Flux of Blood; 
 or where the Skin or Mufcles are 
 fhrunk or ftraitened, and many fuch 
 like Cafes. 
 
 Totenttal Cautery is to be ufed in 
 old cankered Ulcers, Wens, or any 
 fpungy Excrefcence of Fie(h or Bone 
 whatfoever. 
 
 The Antients accounted an aciual 
 Cautery, if rightly ufed, a notable 
 Remedy for flopping all Corruption 
 in Members, to keep perfect their 
 Complexion, and to ftanchthe Blood; 
 but great Care muft be taken in 
 handling the Iron, not to touch Si- 
 news, Tendons, Cords, nor Liga- 
 ments, that the Members be not ut- 
 terly difabled, or Cramps or Convul- 
 fions bred; unlefs when you difmem- 
 ber or cut away any Joint ; as when 
 you make Curtals, geld Horfes, or 
 the like; and then you ufe the Cau- 
 tery only to fear the Veins, Sinews, 
 and LigamentSi till all Flux of Blood 
 is flopp'd. 
 
 An aciual Cautery binds together 
 
 loofencd Parts, and attenuates things 
 
 blown and puffed up, dries up fuper- 
 
 fluous MoiflurCj loofcns, difperfes and 
 
 divides. 
 
G A 
 
 ( To8) 
 
 C A 
 
 divides ill Matter gathered into Knots, 
 aflwages old Griefs, and re£lifies thofe 
 J*arts of the Body that are any ways 
 corrupted, and reduces them to their 
 firft perfed State, and will not faffer 
 any Quantity of ill Humours to grow 
 or encreafe : For the Skin being fe- 
 parated and opened with the hot Iron 
 ;all Putrefadion whatfbever, is by 
 Virtue of the Fire firft digefted and 
 ripened, and then ib diflblved, that 
 the Matter ifllies out freely at the 
 Holes, by which means the grieved 
 Part is eafed and healed, which when 
 once clofcd and fliut up, the Place is 
 ftronger, better knit together, than it 
 was before. And the chief blemifh 
 of a Cautery is, that it leaves a Scar. 
 
 The Inftruments for cauterizing 
 jnay be made either of Gold or Sil- 
 ver j but Copper will do very well, 
 as alfo Iron, or Steel j thele fhould be 
 made in divers forms, to be ufcd 
 fuitably to the Parts to be cauterized. 
 Seme like a Knife; others with thin 
 or broad Edges, called drawing or 
 fearching Knives, for drawing ftrait 
 Lines. Some like Bodkins ftrait and 
 crooked, for flefhiy Excrefcences, or 
 to open Impofthumes. Some like 
 Hooks cr Sickles, to be ufcd to a 
 crooked Wound, or linuous Ulcers, 
 for burning but dead Flefh. Others 
 with Buttons at the Ends, to burn 
 into found Fleik, where any new 
 Sore or IfTue is to be made, for the 
 drawing or keeping back Humours. 
 
 In the ufing of the Inftruments, 
 two things are to be minded. The 
 Jieating of the Iron, or the bearing 
 of the Hand. 
 
 The Back of the Iron muft not 
 be fo hot as the Edge ; that is, it 
 mufl: not be red hot for fear of it 
 being too hot, and caufing an In- 
 flammation •■, and if it be too hot, 
 you muft cool it in Water. 
 
 As to the bearing of the Hand, the 
 lighter it is done the better ; and in 
 this Cafe the thicknefs or thinncfs of 
 
 the Horfe's Skin is to be confidered, 
 and this is mofl: commonly to be 
 known by his Hair ; for if that be 
 (hort and fine, his Skin is thin, if 
 long and rough, it is thick. 
 
 A fine Skin muft be cauteriz'd 
 with a light Hand, and the thick 
 Skin with a heavy one j and in both 
 of them fo, that the Skin muft only 
 look yellow, which a fine Skin will 
 fooner do, than a thick Skin; be- 
 caufe the thicknefs and roughnefs of 
 the thick Skin, choaks the Heat of 
 the Iron, and therefore it muft be 
 done with a lighter Hand on the thin, 
 and a heavier on a thick Skin. 
 
 Again, in drawing you muft al- 
 ways draw with the Hair, and not 
 againft it. And you muft never give 
 fi-e to any iinewy Place, except there 
 be fome apparent Swelling or Im- 
 pofthumation; nor to any Bone that 
 is broken or out of joint, for fear of 
 caufing a general Weaknefs in the 
 whole Member; nor g've Fire {q 
 deep, nor lay the Hand fo heavy as 
 to disfigure the Horfe, more than 
 need requires. 
 
 A POTENTIAL CAUTERY. 
 
 This is a fearing of the Flefh by 
 corrcfive, burning Medicines, the O- 
 perafion of which is fo ftrong, that 
 it comes neareft to the Nature of 
 Fire, and fo burn and confume what- 
 ever they touch. 
 
 Totmial Cauteries exceed one ano- 
 ther in certain degrees, fome being 
 ftronger than others. 
 
 Corrofives are alfo fimple or com- 
 pound. 
 
 The fimple Corrofives are B.och- 
 Allum, either burnt or unburnt, the 
 Spunge of the Sea fomewhat burnt, 
 the Powder of corrofive Mercury^ 
 Red'Coraly Lime, the Shavings of an 
 Ox or Harts- horn, Verdegreafe^ P/ie- 
 (ipitate, and the like. 
 
 Compound Corrofives are Unguen- 
 tum Apofiobrum, and jEgypttacum, 
 Ungimitum Car ace am , black Soap and 
 
 Ltma 
 
C A 
 
 ( 109 ) 
 
 C A 
 
 Lime, and the like. Thefe are to be 
 appJy'd to Sores, Ulcers, or Excre- 
 tions after they are corroded. 
 
 Thefe are the milder Caufticks, the 
 ftronger are white or yellow Arfe- 
 nick, Refalgmry or any other Medi- 
 cine compounded with them ; be- 
 lides Sandracha, Aconiium, Chryfo- 
 colla. 
 
 And if you would have your Fu- 
 trefaBrjes to be Cauftick, /. e. breed- 
 ing a Scar, and hot in the fourth de- 
 gree ; then ufe unflak'd Lime, and 
 the burned Dregs of Wine ■■, thefe are 
 to be apply'd to Amburies, Cankers 
 and Carbuncles. 
 
 Caufiick Medicinei are fuch as are 
 made of ftrong Lee^ called Cafttel- 
 iium, or Magiflm of Roman Vitriol^ 
 Aqua-fortis, Sal-Nitre, Apt urn y Can- 
 thartdes, Cyclamen, jirong Garlick, 
 Onionsy Melanacardiu7n, and the Stones 
 or Grains of Briony, &c. 
 
 But as for Arfenick, fublimate Mer- 
 cury, or Refalgar, they are not to be 
 ufed alone ; but if the SubHance 
 whereon they are to v/ork, be very 
 great, to allay them with JJnguen- 
 tum Apo^olorum-, or elfe if it be but 
 very little, Vvrith Hog's-greafej Turpen- 
 tine, or the like. 
 
 Corrofiue and burning Medicinei 
 are uled to cleanfe and deftroy all 
 foulnefs, that obftrufts and hinders 
 the Cure of any Ulcer, to keep down 
 a preternatural Growth of fungous 
 Flefh, to eat away Excreicences, to 
 open AbfcefTes and Impofthumes, and 
 to ftop up the Mouths of Blood Vef- 
 fels,by that means to prevent anH'^- 
 morrhage of Blood, and the actual 
 Cautery is made u{e of to the fame 
 Purpofes. 
 
 It is certain, the Effects of Fire 
 are very extraordinary as to Hories, 
 in old Griefs in the Joints, Sinews, 
 and nervous Parts; after they have 
 baffled all manner of artificial Com- 
 pofitions. 
 
 Nor is this flrange, if it be confi- 
 dcred, that thofc Parts are very com- 
 pa£l and folid, being compos'd of a 
 vaft number of Fibres and nervous 
 Threads, which are laid fo clofe to- 
 gether, that there is not any cavitjr 
 or interface to be difcerned in them, 
 when they are cut afunder; and there- 
 fore when thefe are obftru6led, no- 
 thing can be fuppofed to be able to 
 give them relief, but what is of the 
 moft powerful Efficacy. 
 
 As to the manner of its Operation, 
 adiual F^irc contributes to remove Ob- 
 flrudlion?. Firjl, As by cauterizing 
 and burning the outlide, a Difcharge 
 is made, and confequently a Deriva- 
 tion of Matter from the Part ob- 
 ftrudled, which muft: neceflarily give 
 more liberty to the inclofed Fluid. 
 Secondly, As the Heat that is com- 
 municated in this manner by the ac- 
 tive Particles of Fire, muft of necef- 
 lity give a new Life and Motion to 
 the viicid Juices, which being thus 
 imported, they do thereby become 
 more fit to make their way through 
 their proper Vents and PafBges; and 
 alfo as it forces the relaxed Fibres to 
 contrail themfelves. 
 
 There are many plain Inflances of 
 the EfFefts of Fire; in that, many 
 Country People cure Kibes by hold- 
 ing the Heels over burning Coals, or 
 a hot pair of Tongs, altho' they do 
 not fear the Skin. And many of t!ie 
 good EfPedls that proceed from the 
 Application of Ointments to hard 
 obrtinate Swellings, and aching Pains 
 in Horfes, are more owing to the 
 hot Bar of Iron, made ule of in rub- 
 bing in the Ointments, than any 
 medicinal Efficacy in the Ointments 
 themfelves, many of them being no- 
 thing better than Hog's-lard. 
 
 The Fire is of good ufe in Ring- 
 bones, Quitter-bones, Scratches, and 
 for loofening all grijly and horny 'Ex- 
 (refcendes, which grow out upon the 
 
 Legs 
 
C E 
 
 C no) 
 
 C H 
 
 Legs and Feer, or any other part of 
 the Body, where by fearing their Sub- 
 ftance, and piercing the Skin near the 
 Root, the Humours that nourilli them 
 have a flop put to them, {o that it 
 caufes them to rot and fall off. 
 
 The feared and burnt Parts ought 
 immediately to be bath'd with Spirit 
 of M^ine, and afterwards anointed 
 with Beej-yvax and Oil melted toge- 
 ther, or with common Tar, till the 
 Efcars fall off. 
 
 If there be a very great Heat and 
 Anguifh, and a Tendency to fwell, 
 then camphorated Spirits may be ufed 
 two or three times a Day, or the Ca- 
 taplafm for the Cure of Burns. 
 
 But thefe Accidents mav in great 
 j-neafure be prevented, and the whole 
 Intention anfwered more efFedlually, 
 if Fomentations, Baths, or attenua- 
 ting Oils are made ufe of, before the 
 Operation, fuch as the Oil of Earth- 
 Tppcrms, or the Soldier's Ointment. 
 For if this be done, the Grievance 
 will yield the more eafily to the Im- 
 prefTions of the Fire, and the burnt 
 Parts come fooner to a Suppuration. 
 
 In performing the Operation, the 
 Iron ought to be heated in a clear 
 Fire, and rubb'd on Woollen to cleanie 
 it well, and Care muft be taken not 
 to pierce the Skinj but rather to re- 
 peat the Stroke the ofrener, till it 
 becomes of the Colour of a pale 
 Cherry. But efpecially great Care 
 muft be taken of finewy Parts, ^c. 
 CELANDINE. 
 
 Celandine is of two forts, the great- 
 er and the lefs, but they are not dif- 
 ferent as to their Virtues i the greater 
 is moH: in ufe. They are of a de- 
 terfive and cleanfing Quality, and 
 therefore of fervice in all Obflru£ti- 
 ons of the Vifcera. They are good 
 m the Yellows, and other Chronical 
 Diflempers. The Juice of it takes 
 off Films, Specks, and Clouds from 
 the Eyes. The lefTer Celandine ta- 
 
 ken inwardly, is good for the Far- 
 cin. 
 
 CENTAURY. 
 
 There are feveral forts, rhe lefTer is 
 chiefiy made ufe ofj it is an excel- 
 lent Stomachick, and likewife profit- 
 able in all malignant Diflempers, and 
 is a good Ingredient in all Cordial 
 Powders, and in all Cafes of lofl Ap- 
 petite. 
 
 CEPHALICK3. 
 
 Cephalicks are thofe Medicines that 
 are good for Diflempers of rhe Head, 
 CEPHALICK WATER. 
 
 ' Take Male Piony Root 8 Oun- 
 
 * ces, Angelica and Wild-Valerian^ of 
 ' each 4 Ounces ; Sage, Rofemaryt 
 ' Betony, Marjoram with their Flow- 
 
 * ers, of each four Handfulsj fVater- 
 
 * Germander eight Handfuls, Gallant 
 
 * gal, Zedof^ry, and Nutmeg, of each 
 ' four Ounces} let the whole be in- 
 
 * fus'd in twelve Quarts of Spirit of 
 
 * Wine, the hard Ingredients being 
 
 * firff bruis'd. and after a Weeks In- 
 
 * fufion, add Cinnamon, Cloves, Car' 
 
 * damoms and Cubebs, of each an 
 
 * Ounce } draw off the Spirit, which 
 ' will bring with it the Virtue of all 
 ' the Ingredients. 
 
 This Water is intituled to the fame 
 Virtues as the former, and be given 
 to the Quantity of four or fix Oun- 
 ces, when mixed with fomething that 
 is not fo flrong as it felf. 
 C E R U S. 
 
 Cerm\'i> a Pieparaiion of Lead with 
 Vinegar, which is of a white Cc; 
 lour. 
 
 C H A C K. 
 
 To chack or beat upon the Hand. 
 A Horfe is faid fb to do, when he 
 does not keep his Head fleddy; but 
 toffes up his Nofe, and fhakes it all 
 on a fudden to avoid the Subjeftion 
 of the Bridle. 
 
 A TurkifJj Horfe is apt to this 
 Fault ; the beft Bits nor the befl Hand 
 caa never fix his Head, 
 
 A Horfe 
 
G K 
 
 ( III ) 
 
 C H 
 
 A Horfe is faid to chack upon the 
 Hand like a Croat or Croatian Horlej 
 which proceeds from this, that his 
 Bars are too (harp and ridged, or 
 edged, that he cannot bear the Pref- 
 fure of the Bit, tho' never fo gentle. 
 
 If a Horfe had not too fenfible or 
 tender a Mouth, he would not beat 
 upon the Hand : In order to fix and 
 iecure his Head, there need only be 
 a fmall lion band ( which anfwers to 
 a Martingal) put under his Nofe- 
 band. This will hinder him from 
 beating upon the Hand, but will not 
 break him oF the Habit; for as foon 
 as the Martingal is taken off, he will 
 return to the fame Vice again. 
 CHALK. 
 
 Chalk is of a very aftringent Na- 
 ture, and good in Hsemonhages and 
 Loofenefles, and alfo to fweeren the 
 Juices of- the Sromach, when they 
 are turn'd fj-.arp and acid. It is good 
 for thofe Horles that are apt to eat 
 Clav or Mud out of the Walls, ^c. 
 ' C H A N F R I N. 
 
 The Chanfrin is the fore-part of 
 the Head of a Horfe, which extends 
 from under the Ears, along the In- 
 terval between the Eye Brows, down 
 to his Nof?. 
 
 Chanfrain is. an old French Word, 
 but much ia u{e to fignifie that the 
 Star in a Horle's Forehead extends 
 downwards almofl: to the Nofej with- 
 out either being fo broad above as to 
 touch the Eye-Brows, or extending 
 fo much downwards, as to go to the 
 tip of the Nofe. Thofe Horfes are 
 alfo called ivhite faced, and the Mark 
 is good ; but if the white either touch 
 the Eye- Brows, or defcends to the 
 tip of the Nofe, then it will not be 
 good : And it is a common faying of 
 fuch a Horfe, That his Star is drink- 
 ing, or that he drinks out of his 
 vphite. 
 
 CHANGE. 
 
 To change a Horfe, or to change 
 Handj is to turn or bear the Horfe's 
 
 Head from one Hand to the other, 
 from the left to right, or from the 
 right to the left. 
 
 A Horfe fliould never be changed 
 without puHiing forwards upon the 
 turn; and after the turn he (hould be 
 pufli'd on flrait, in order to a flop. 
 
 Horfe- men fiy, this Horfe changes 
 from the right v/ith an ugly grace. 
 CHANNEL. 
 
 The Channel of the Mouth of a 
 Horfe, IS that concavity in the mid* 
 die of the lower Jaw, which is ap- 
 pointed for a Place for the Tongue; 
 which being bounded on each fide by 
 the Bars, terminates in the Grinders 
 or maxillary Teeth. In this Channel 
 the Barbies grow. 
 
 CHAPELET. 
 
 A Chapelet is a couple of Stirrup 
 Leathers, mounted each of them 
 with a Stirrup, and joining at top 
 in a fort of Leather Buckle, which is 
 call'd the Head of the Chapelet y by 
 which they are fadened to the Pom- 
 mel of a Saddle, after they have been 
 adjufled to the length and bearing of 
 the Rider. 
 
 They are made ufe of both to a- 
 void the trouble of taking up or let- 
 ting down the Stirrups, every time a 
 Perfon mounts on a different Horfe 
 and Saddle, and to fupply the want of 
 the Academy Saddles, which have 
 no Stirrups to them. 
 
 CHAPERON. 
 
 The Chaperon oF a Btt-mouth, is a 
 Word that is m.ade ufe of only for 
 Search-mouths, and all fuch as are 
 not Cinon-mouths ; and it fignifies 
 the End of the Bit that joins to the 
 Branch jufl by the Banquet. 
 
 The Chaperon is round in Scatch- 
 mouths; but it is oval in others. And 
 that part which in Canon and other 
 Mouths is called Chaperon ,• in Canon- 
 mouths is cali'd Fonceau. 
 
 C H A R B O N. 
 
 Charhon in French f j-rnifies a Coal, 
 and is made ufe of to fignify that lit- 
 tle 
 
C H 
 
 ( 112) 
 
 C H 
 
 th black Spot, or Mark that remains 
 after a large Spot in the Cavity of a 
 Horfe's corner Teeth, when he is a- 
 bout feven or eight Years of Age, 
 when the Cavity fills and the Tooth 
 being fmooth and equal, is faid to be 
 rais'd. 
 
 CHARGE. 
 
 A Charge is a Preparation or a fort 
 
 'of Ointment of the confidence of a 
 
 thick Decodion, which is apply'd to 
 
 the Shoulder^fplaits, Inflammations, 
 
 and Sprains of Horfes. 
 
 The Parts affefted are to be rubbed 
 and chafed with this Compofition, 
 after which they may, if you plcafe, 
 be covered with finking Paper. 
 
 Charges are made two ways, 'viz. 
 cither with Emielluresy i. e. with a 
 Mixture of Honey, Suet, Turpentine, 
 and (Jther Drugs: Or with a Rewo- 
 iaJe, which is a Mixture of the Lees 
 of Wine with the Drugs of the E- 
 tniellure. 
 
 Farriers ufually confound the Names 
 of Charge^ Zmiellure and Remolade, 
 and ufe one for the other indifferently. 
 
 A Charge is of a middle Nature, 
 between an Ointment and a Plaifter, 
 or between aPlaifter and a Cataplafm, 
 or does participate of all three, 'viz.. 
 being partly made up of Meals, Oils, 
 Pulps, and partly of Gums and refi- 
 nous Ingredients, which give a ftiff- 
 nefs and body to Plaifters, and there- 
 fore Charges are only a kind of foft 
 or liquid Plaifters. They are the beft 
 adapted to Creatures that are cover'd 
 with Hair, for a Plainer is in many 
 Cafes liable to Inconveniencies, be- 
 cause of its ftiffhefs; and therefore it 
 muft be made hot, and poured upon 
 the Part, or the Hair muft be fhav'd 
 away; and on the other hand. Oint- 
 ments prove ineffectual, becaufe of 
 their flipperinefs, or at leaft produce 
 no other Effect, but to fbften and 
 relax the Parts to which they are ap- 
 ply'd; whereas a Charge made into a 
 fit body and confiftence,will infinuate 
 
 it felf, notwithflanding the Hair and 
 Charge adhere as faft to the Skin, as 
 any common Plaifters do to the na- 
 ked Body of a Man. 
 
 They are of different Tn^^entions, 
 fome being chiefly emollient, others 
 difcuffive, and fome altogether repel- 
 lent; of which kind moft of thofe 
 call'd cold Charges are ; fome are ftil'd 
 defenfive or ftrengthning. Their prin- 
 cipal ufe, is to heal Parts that are 
 weakned by Falls, Bruifes, Sicknefs, 
 or any other kind of Accident, where 
 the Joints, Nerves, and Sinews' are 
 afFefled, to bring down cold and 
 Phlegmatick Swellings, and fome- 
 times to dry up watery Corruptions, 
 which create an Ulcerous Difpofition 
 in the Legs, and other Parts of the 
 Body. 
 
 CHASTISEMENTS. 
 
 Chafiifewents are the fevere and ri- 
 gorous Effects of the Aids; for when 
 the Aids are given with feverity, they 
 become Punilbmenr. 
 
 CHAUSSE-TROP-HAUT. 
 
 This is a French Term, which is 
 
 ufed of a white-footed Horfe, which 
 
 is faid to be fo, when the white 
 
 Marks run too high upon the Legs. 
 
 CHEST. 
 
 The Chefi or Middle-ienter. By 
 thefe Anatomifts undei ftand all that 
 cavity which is circumfcrib'd above 
 by the Collar-bones, and below by 
 the Midriff; before by the Breafl- 
 bone, behind and on both fides by the 
 Back-bone and the Ribs. The con- 
 taining Parts of it are the Mufcle?, 
 the Bones, the Pleura, and the Me- 
 dioftinum.. 
 
 The Imperfection of being narrow 
 chejled, hinders a Horfe from having 
 a good Body, and from having his 
 "Wind and breathing free, by the 
 hindmoft Ribs Iqueezing and com- 
 prefTins; the inward Parts too much, 
 CHEST FOUNDERING. 
 
 Monf Solleyfell fays, that this In- 
 firmity is known hy the fame Symp- 
 toms 
 
C H 
 
 ( 113 ) 
 
 C H 
 
 toms almoft as Purfivenefs; the only 
 difference that can be made is. that 
 youno; Hories are fubjedl to be Chefc- 
 foundred as well as old ; whereas 
 thofe Horfes that are fix Years old 
 and upvs'ardi, are troubled with Pur- 
 iivenefs ; at leafi: it is a Dileale that 
 rarely happens to very young Horfes, 
 and when it does, they have their 
 Purfivenefs from their Sire or Dam. 
 
 This kind o'i foundering is a pre- 
 tematural Heat caufed by the Fer- 
 mentafion of Humours in the Guts 
 and Pafiages of Rcfpiration j but rho' 
 the Symptoms are much the fame 
 with that of Purfivenefs, yet they are 
 more violent. 
 
 Another Author fays, this Diftem- 
 per of Cheji- foundering comes the 
 ncarefc of any to a ?leurify or Veri- 
 pnewmony in a Human Body, which 
 is an Inflammation of the Lungs or 
 Tleura, accompanied with pain and 
 difficulty of breathing. 
 
 The Caufe.] This Diftemper is 
 occafioned oftentimes by riding a 
 Horie from his Wind, and beyond his 
 Strength. It frequently attends the 
 melting of the Greafe,2Lnd may fbrae- 
 times be occafioned by the Applicati- 
 on of a violent Cauftick too rough- 
 ly, for Cure of Dileafes in the Feet; 
 but in this laft Cafe the Difeafe is not 
 dangerous, becaufe it may be eafily 
 cured by injecting a Glyller or two 
 with Sal Polychreji. 
 
 Sometimes this Diftemper follows 
 Ibme others, when the Humours that 
 fomented them are not intirely eva- 
 cuated, and continue to fend up fharp, 
 hot and malignant Vapours, which 
 irritate the Lungs, and caufe that ex- 
 traordinary Motion that is in them. 
 
 Horfes are alfo fubjedl to this Dif- 
 temper, if they are {cd upon bad Pro- 
 vender when they are young ; as 
 Grafs frozen in Meadows, which pu- 
 trefies the Body, and breeds a Fer- 
 ment, which caufes r' er this, or 
 fome o'-hcr dangerous Dif^empers. 
 
 It may be eafily cured, if not ac- 
 companied with a Fever by the Ap- 
 plication of proper Remedies; but it 
 it be, it is ofLcntimes mortal. 
 
 It proceeds from a Cold, and from 
 all the fame Caufes that a Cold pro- 
 ceeds from; as expofing a Horfe to 
 the cold Air, and riding of him at 
 that time into cold Water, or lerting 
 him drink cold Water when he is 
 hot, and therefore it is fometimes 
 produc'fi by a Cold. 
 
 It alfo proceeds from feme other 
 Caufes before- mentioned ; but the 
 mod common and ordinary Caufe, is 
 the over-riding a foul-bodied Horfe 
 that has not been ufed to Exercife. 
 
 Younc!; Horfes are the mod: fubjed: 
 to this Diflemper, their Bodies being 
 more apt to be foul, and their Blood 
 of an unequal fluidity. 
 
 The Sig:<js arc] An exceffive heaving 
 of the Flanks, flarting with Pain as 
 often as the Horfe attempts to move; 
 when it is violent, it is always at- 
 tended with a Fever; but the Fever 
 being only an effeft of the Inflam- 
 mation, it goes oil as fbon as that is 
 removed. 
 
 The Cure.'] As for the Remedies 
 made ufe of, they ought to be tem- 
 perate, and rather cooling than heat- 
 ing, to flop the Fermentation and E- 
 bullition of the Humours; but Re- 
 medies for Purfive Horfes, mufl be 
 rather hot than cold. And they ought 
 to be in a liquid form to dilute and 
 qualify the heat of the Ingredients. 
 
 The followincT Ele£luary will per- 
 form the Cure, if regularly adminif^ 
 tred and repeated for a confiderable 
 time. 
 
 ' Take Sal Polychrefi, and ripe fw 
 
 * niper -berries i of each half a Pound; 
 
 * Elecampane, Juice o? Liqtiorice.^nd. 
 
 * MarfJ}-?r.alIovps, of each four Oun- 
 ' ces;' Saffzfras and Zedoary, of each 
 
 * two Ounces ; and one Ounce of 
 
 * dry*d Speedwell. Thefe are all to 
 « be reduc'd to a Powder, each apart j 
 
 I * then 
 
C H 
 
 ( 114) 
 
 C H 
 
 ' then boil a fufficicnt Quantity of 
 
 * Colts-foot, rvhste Mullein, and red 
 
 * Maiden hair in a Gallon of Water ; 
 
 * then drain out the Deco6tion, and 
 
 * add to it five VcuvAso^ Honey, and 
 « boil it till It is half as thick as a 
 
 * Syrup, till two Quarts of the De- 
 
 * codlion be co;i funded, keeping; it all 
 
 * the whilpskimmingi mix the Povv- 
 
 * ders with the Ho-ney, while it is 
 
 * half cold, till they be well ipcor- 
 
 * porated and reduc'd to an Eicdtua- 
 
 * ry, which if it be in Summer time 
 
 * muft be fet in a Pot for 50 Days; 
 
 * but if it be in cold Weather, it 
 
 * muft {land a longer time to fer- 
 
 * ment. 
 
 This Ele^luary powerfully ^allays 
 the boiiino; and preternatural heat of 
 the Sromacb, and therefore it is an 
 cxcellfnr Remedy for fiery and mct- 
 tlefome Horfes, that pine awav after 
 hard L. bour or violent Exerciie, al- 
 though they be not troubled with a 
 Cough. 
 
 If a Horle eat heartily, he may be 
 cured of Chpfl-fohndering by giving 
 iiim every Da), from one to two 
 Ounces of Lri/pr of AntiryjC'.y, mixed 
 v/ith moiften'd Bran, bur i'f he has 
 bil his Aprctite, this will not do. 
 
 Vi the Horfe be young and not 
 troubled with a Fever, the fureft and 
 esfieft way will be to turn him out 
 to Grafs, when the Herbs begin to 
 fpring, and to leave him in the open 
 Fields under the Dew, during the 
 Months of A^ril and Ma)\ for the 
 young dewy Grafs will fcower his 
 Body, and open the Paflages. Alio 
 green Bnley is an excellent Remedy 
 in this Diftemper. 
 
 But if the Seaion does not permit 
 the following the Direcftions laft pre- 
 fcribed, you may do as follows : 
 
 * Feed the Horfe with Wheat- 
 
 * f^eaves and Barley y and do not let 
 
 * himhaveeitherH^_yorO;i/'.f,Lethim 
 
 * biocd in the Flanks in the new of 
 
 * ih^ Moofli and the next Day give 
 
 ' him the foftening and opening Gly t 
 ' ter following : 
 
 ' Pound the five openmg Roots,v\z, 
 
 * The Roots of Grafs, Madder, £- 
 ' ringo or Sea-holm, Capers and Refl- 
 
 * h.irro-a>,oi each an Ounce; and halt 
 ' an Ounce of SaL Po/ychreji; boil 
 
 * them for a quarter of an Hour in 
 
 * five Pints of Water; then add the 
 ' five [oWovj'mg fofrenifjg Heri>s iMaU 
 
 * lows, Marflj-malion->Sy Mercury y Vio- 
 ' lets, and Pellitory of the Wall, of 
 
 * each a Handful; then boil rhcm for 
 ' a quarter of an Hour more; then 
 ' ftrain the Decoftion, and add halt 
 ' a Pound of Ho>r€y prepar'd with 
 
 * the Herb Mercury-, and j»i e the 
 ' Horfe this by way of Glyfler in 
 
 * the Evening for five or fix Days to- 
 ' gether. 
 
 ' The next Day after you have gi- 
 ' ven the lad G'yffer, take two Hand- 
 
 * fuls of whire Midlein, and Colts- 
 
 * foot ; chop them, and boil them in 
 
 * three Pints of Warer for a quarter 
 
 * of an Hour, with half an Ounce of 
 ' Sal Tolychrefl powdered. When 
 
 * you hive ♦^aken the Veilcl off from 
 ' the Fire, put in three Handfuls of 
 
 * fVefli Corii-poppy Flowers, or half 
 ' an Ounce of the fame Flowers dry'dj 
 ' then cover the Pot, and let them 
 ' ftand to infufe till the Liquor is 
 ' half cold; then ft'ain it, and put in 
 
 * an Ounce of the Juice of Liquo- 
 
 * rice, and give the Horfe all the De- 
 ' codion, and in;e£l the Glyffcr at 
 ' Night, and repeat the Decodion 
 
 * the next Morning. 
 
 Repeat this once in two Days for 
 twelve Days, and if during that time 
 the Horie fnould forfake his Meat» 
 you muft endeavour to renew his Ap- 
 petite by making him champ upon 
 chewing Balls two Hours in a Mor- 
 ning, and as long in the A ftcrnoon j 
 and forbear to make farther ufe of 
 the Decodion, till the Horfe begins 
 to eat heartily again. But yovi may 
 prevent this Inconvecience> by gi- 
 ving 
 
C H 
 
 C 115- ) 
 
 C H 
 
 ving him two Ounces of Liver of 
 Antimony in Bran every Day, when 
 he does not take the Dccoftion. 
 
 It the Remedies befoie-mentioned 
 Jhould prove ineffeftual, and the Dis- 
 temper continue for a con(iderab!e 
 time, it may at length come to a 
 Purlivenef^, to prevent which, if the 
 Horfe be of a Ph!egmatick ConQitu- 
 tion, flow and lazy, you may give 
 him the following Medicines to ex- 
 pel the thick and ilimy Phlegm. 
 
 * Cut two or three Pounds of fat 
 
 * B.^con into thin Slices, and let it lie 
 
 * in fteep in Water till it be frefh, 
 
 * changing the Water every two 
 
 * Hours for five or fix times 5 in the 
 
 * mean time, take Carduta Benedtc- 
 
 * tii4 a Handful, red Cole-^wrt (not a 
 
 * headed Cabbage) and -white Mul- 
 
 * le'rn, of each tv/o Handfulsi when 
 
 * you have chopt them fmall, pound 
 
 * them to mafli with the Bacon in a 
 
 * Mortar. Make this into Pills like 
 
 * Tennis Balls,and roll them up with 
 
 * Powder of Liquorice. Give the 
 < Horfe fix or feven of them, and if 
 
 * he takes them with difficulty, give 
 
 * him a little Wine in a Horn after 
 
 * each Pill, and after he has taken 
 
 * them all, wafli his Mouth with a 
 
 * Pint of Wine, and afterwards pour 
 
 * it down his Throat. Let him ftand 
 
 * bridled four Hours before, and as 
 
 * long after. 
 
 If the Horfe be of a forrel Colour, 
 or fiery and full of Metal, this Medi- 
 cine will make him extremely fick ; 
 but a couple of Glyflers adminiftred 
 in the height of his Sicknefs, will 
 probably prevent the ill cffedls of itj 
 if in the mean time he be i:requently 
 walked.. 
 
 But this muft never be given to a 
 Horfe in the beginning of a Difeaie, 
 or when it is accompanied with a 
 Fever : for it will purge him to 
 death. 
 
 If this Jafl Remedy be attended 
 v/ich Succsfs, in order to compleat 
 
 the Cure, you muft begin the former 
 Courfe w::h Deco£lions and Glyf^ 
 ters i but if it fhiouid prove ineffec- 
 tual, make ufe of the following Re- 
 medy : 
 
 ' Take the Leaves of red Cohroort 
 ' (net headed Cabbage, for thac 
 ' would be hurtful ) and Carduus Be- 
 ' nediclus, whtte Mullein and Colts^ 
 ' foot, of each three Handfuls i and 
 
 * one hhndfalof yiiniper-6erries,2ind 
 
 * boil them in two Quarts of Water 
 ' for half an Hour; then take them 
 
 * off the Fire, and put in twoHand- 
 
 * fuls of frefh Com-pcppy Flowers, or 
 ' one Handful of dry ones^ cover the 
 ' Pot prefently, and letting it fland 
 
 * till it is almoft co d, ftrain the De- 
 ' codtion, and put in as much Saf- 
 
 * fron as will tinge it vellow, and al- 
 ' fo two Ounces of Liquid Co-nferve 
 ' of Ro/es, having given the Horfe a 
 
 * Glyfier the Day before, give him 
 ' this to drink ; give him the fame 
 ' Glyfier again in the Evening, and 
 
 * repeat the fame for twelve Days. 
 ' if the Horfe 's Stomach be not dif^ 
 ' ordered, and if it be, forbear till 
 
 * his Appetite is reflored. 
 
 After the twelve Days are expired, 
 if his Flanks be found, and have no 
 Palpitation, forbear to charge Nature 
 with more Medicines i but leave her 
 to compleat the Cure. And fince 
 the Remedies may have augmented 
 the preternatural heat, which caufes 
 the Diftcmper, and have heated and 
 walled the internal Parts 3 it will be 
 neceffary to dcftroy the preternatural 
 heat, and reflore the natural, and al- 
 fo to remove the remaining O'bflruc- 
 tions. To do this, ' Give che Horfe 
 ' every Day an Ounce of Sal Fru- 
 ' nella in Powder, and two Nut- 
 ' 'I'^'^^g^ gra'-ed and mixed with moif- 
 ' tcned Bran, 
 
 This Remedy mufl be made ufe 
 of for a coniiderable time, unlefs the 
 Horfe foriakes his Meat, and then 
 two Ounces of L/^'e'r of Aatimony 
 
 I 2 
 
 Wil^ 
 
C H 
 
 ( ii6) 
 
 C H 
 
 will te better to be us'd inflead of 
 the Sal TnmelU-. becaule that will 
 procure an Appetite, and not cool the 
 Body fo much as the other. 
 
 But Horfes are frequently faid to 
 be Cheft-foundredy when there ap- 
 pears no Symptoms of much Pain; 
 cut only anOppreflion; this proceeds 
 from the fame Caufes, and aifo pro- 
 duces many of the fame Eftccisj as 
 breaking the Wind of a Horfe, melt- 
 ing his Greafe,and thofe Difeafes that 
 follow fuch an Opprefiion of the 
 Lungs and other Bowelsi in this cafc 
 the Cure is to be attempted after the 
 iime manner, as if there was Pain 
 and Inflammation ; only you may be 
 more fparing in bleeding. For when 
 a Horfe is fb opprefs'd that he cannot 
 breath, but is in danger of Suffoca- 
 tion, then you muft repeat bleeding 
 as the IcfTer evil of the two. 
 
 In fuch a Cafe, bleeding in the 
 Flank-veins, or thofe that are on the 
 infide of the Thigh, is recommen- 
 ded to caufe a RevuUion ; which 
 will be both fafer, and anfwer the 
 Intention much better, than bleeding 
 in the Neck or Plat-veins (which is 
 the common Pra£lice) for oftentimes 
 it caufes a greater derivation upon 
 the Lungs and Pleura. 
 
 And whereas a Horfe that is Chejl- 
 foiindred, oftentimes has a great in- 
 ward Heat and Coftivencf, efpecially 
 in the beginning, he ought to have 
 an emollient Glyfler given him, as 
 follows: 
 
 * Take UaUovps, and Mav/Jj-mal- 
 
 * loTvs, of each three Handfuls, Mer- 
 ' cury and Tellitory, of each one 
 ' Handfuh boil them in three Quarts 
 
 * of Water for the fpace of half an 
 
 * Hour; flrain the Decoftion, and add 
 
 * half a Pound of Treacle, coarfe 6'«- 
 
 * gar or Honey, and as much Oil or 
 
 * Butter iinjzS: this Blood-warm, and 
 
 * repeat it as often as is needful' And 
 if there is no Symptoms of Pain, 
 but only a heavinefs and opprelTion, 
 
 which neither hinders the Horfe al- 
 together from feeding or lying down, 
 then the Method prefcrib'd for a 
 Surfeit may be followed ( fee Surfeit 
 in Lerter S ) and if he is alfo addifted 
 to a Cough, the Remedies good for 
 a Cough may be made ufe of. 
 
 But if the Horfe be in Pain, and 
 full of Agony; when he has been 
 firft bled and had a Glyfler, give him 
 the following Drench to promote 
 Sweat: 
 
 * Take half a Pint of Treacle IVa- 
 
 * tcr, and a Pint and a half of Af/7ib 
 
 * Water j diffolve {ix Grains of Cam. 
 ' fhire in the Treacle Water^xh^n add 
 ^ an Ounce and a h'll'i ov Venice Tre a- 
 ' cle or Mithridate, or two Ounces 
 ' of London Treacle; mix chem alto- 
 
 * gether, and give them to the Horfe 
 
 * with a Horn. 
 
 Walk the Horfe a little, clothe him 
 well, and when he wants to drink, 
 give him warm Water, flrew'd with 
 Oat-meal, 
 
 Afterwards give him twice a Day 
 the following Balls, one in the Mor- 
 ning, and another in the Afternoon, 
 an Hour before watering time: 
 
 * Take two Ounces of Conferve 
 
 * of red Rofes, one Ounce of Sper?na 
 ' Ceti, of Fenugreek and Linfeeds 
 
 * pov/dered, of each an Ounce and 
 
 * a half; two Ounces of Liquorice 
 
 * Powder; make thefe Ingredients up 
 ' into four Balls, with Oil of fweet 
 
 * Almonds, or fweet Oil. 
 
 Give him thefe Balls for feveral 
 Days, and when the violent Sym- 
 ptoms are abated, you may by de- 
 grees inure him to Exercrfe, and that 
 with a cleanfmg Diet will efred the 
 Cure. 
 
 C H E V A L E R, 
 
 Chevaler is a Trench V/ord, and a 
 Horfe is faid Chevaler, when in paf- 
 fing upon a Walk or a Trot, his far- 
 fore-leg crofTes or over-Japs the other 
 Fore-leg every fccond Tmie or Mo- 
 tion, See Tajfage, 
 
 CHICK- 
 
C H 
 
 ( 117) 
 
 C H 
 
 CHICKWEED. 
 
 Chkkweed is cooling without bind- 
 ing, and is good for ail manner of 
 Swellings and Impofthames, Scabs, 
 Uicers that are attended with too 
 great an Inflammation. 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 Chind. This Root now comes 
 from Sfiitn, tho' formally from th-j 
 Country from whence it takes its 
 Name. It is very drying, and great- 
 ly promotes Pcifpiration, and there- 
 fore Solleyfell prefcrihes its Decocti- 
 on in the Farcin; it \s Hkev/ife good 
 to open Obflrudions, or difcufs Swel- 
 lings in the Spleen, Liver, and other 
 Vifcera; but being dear, it can only 
 be given to Horfes of Value. That 
 is accounted the beft: which is white 
 within, light and mealy. 
 CHINE. 
 
 Chine or Spine of the Back, is the 
 Back-bone or Ridge of the Back of 
 a Horie. 
 
 C H O L I C K. 
 
 Caufe.] This D\[Q3ife,Solley/ell f^ys, 
 is cauled by the fharpnefs of Hu- 
 mours, v/hich boil and ferment in 
 the Entrails, by reafon of fome lalt 
 and fpirituous Liquor falling into 
 thofc Parts; and fometimes it pro- 
 ceeds from Wind or Crudities, which 
 Nature is not able to digeft. 
 
 Signs ] A Horfe that is troubled 
 with this Diftemper often tumbles, 
 toffes, lies down, and ftarts up again 
 fuddenly; and tho' a Horfe may be 
 troubled with the Cholich that has 
 not the Vives, yet the Vi'ves never 
 appear without the Cholick. 
 
 Firfl, As to that kind of Cholick 
 that is caufed by eating too much 
 Provender, by which means the Sto- 
 mach not being able to digeft fb 
 much Food, is fili'd with Crudities; 
 which do in a manner ftifle the na- 
 tural Heat, and raiie windy Vapours, 
 which either fall upon the Guts, or 
 remain in the Stomach, cauling vio- 
 knt Pains, 
 
 Cure^ This may be performed 
 by affixing Nature to digeft the Ali- 
 ments, after the Guts have been emp« 
 tied by a Glyfter, which Glyfter muft 
 be a Deco<ftion proper to expel Wind, 
 to which you muft add a Quart of 
 Emetick M^'ine, or a fufficient Quan- 
 tity of the Infufion of Crocus Metal- 
 lornm. 
 
 As foon as the Glyfter is ejected, 
 give rhe Horfe to drink a Pint of 
 A(ina Vit£, in which an Ounce of 
 Treacle has been di{rolved,and a Pinch 
 of Sajfroni as much as may be con- 
 veniently taken up between the two 
 Fingers. 
 
 If this does not efFedl the Cure, 
 walk the Horie abroad in his Cloths, 
 and do not fuffer him to Ive down 5 
 and when you fct him up in the Sta- 
 ble, hold a Warming-pan of live Coals 
 under his Belly for a quarter of half 
 an Hour, keeping him well clorh'd. 
 
 Alio Orvietan and Ejfence of Vi- 
 pers, where they can be had, are ve- 
 ry good in this Cafe. 
 
 The fecond Kind of Cholich. 
 
 The moft ufual fb. t of Cholick, is 
 that which proceeds from A'^ind, and 
 Horfes that are given to ticking are 
 very fubjedf to it; for bv excrciling 
 that ill habit they fill their Bodies 
 with Wind, which afterwards cau- 
 fes Griping. 
 
 When windy Vapours abound in 
 the Body, they ftretch and diftend 
 the Guts beyond their Meafure, and 
 occafion violent Pains, blowing up 
 the Horfe's Body, as if he were rea- 
 dy to burft, which Swelling is the 
 peculiar Sign of the Wind Cholick. 
 
 Sometimes Wind caufes that dan- 
 gerous fort of Cholick cali'd the Con- 
 'volvulus, which is a Motion of the 
 Inteftines contrary to Nature, tending 
 from below upwards, and may pro- 
 ceed either from the Irritation of the 
 Spirits, or the malignant Fermenta- 
 tion of the Excrements, which are 
 retained in the Guts, ■ ' - 
 
 I ^ srhis 
 
C H 
 
 ii8 ) 
 
 C H 
 
 This fome call the Red ChoUck. 
 
 The Cure of the Wind ChoUck.'] 
 The Cure is performed by bleeding 
 the Horfe in the Flanks, and under 
 the Tongue, and by walking him 
 frequently \ for Exerciie rouzes and 
 invigorates the natural heat, and makes 
 it able to expel the Wind that caufes 
 the Diforder. 
 
 Cover the Horfe well, and walk 
 him a Trot, and fometim.es a Foot- 
 pace, and if the Violence of the Pain 
 does not abate, give him the follow- 
 ing Glyfter: 
 
 * Take a Pound of large fat Ttgs^ 
 ' chop them, and boil them in three 
 
 * Quarts of Water for full half an 
 
 * Hour; cut two Handfuls of Rue 
 
 * fmall, put it in, and boil it pretty 
 
 * briskly for a quarter of an Hour 
 
 * more 5 let the Decoction half cool, 
 
 * then Orain it, and pour ofF two 
 
 * Quarts of the clearefr, and put to it 
 
 * half a Pint of Sallet-Oil, and give 
 « it by way of Gl)flcr, lukewarm. 
 
 This Glyjler will draw all the 
 Wind into the Pirait Gut, and after- 
 wards expel it: It ufually ftaysa great 
 while in the Body, and for that rea- 
 son woiks the more effedually, 
 
 A\(o the following is very good in 
 this Gale: 
 
 * Boil an Ounce of Sal Volychref- 
 
 * turn, and half a dozen Handruls of 
 
 * Sa.^e in three Quarts of Claret, till 
 
 * one Quart is waded, llrain it, and 
 
 * add two Ounces of O// ofi?^/.sand 
 
 * inje£f the whole into the ilorfe's 
 
 * Body by way of Giyffer. 
 
 If this Glyftcr does not cure the 
 Horfe, then an Hour after he has e- 
 jeded it, ' Give him a Pound of Sal- 
 " let-Od, with a Quart c'i Aqua Vi- 
 *■ td in a Horn, cover him warm, 
 
 * trotting him one quarter of an Hour, 
 
 * and walking him a Foot-pace ano- 
 •^ ther. 
 
 Or you may ufe the following: 
 
 * Boil two Ounces of the Scorsa of 
 ^ Liver Qi Anti^nony finely powdered 
 
 ' in five Pints of Beer a little while, 
 ' but very briskly; then put in three 
 
 * or four Ounces of good Od of 
 
 * Bays; make a Glyfler, and injed: it 
 ' lukewarm, and repeat it every two 
 ' Hours, till the Cure is compleated. 
 This he fays, is the beft Remedy that 
 can be invented. 
 
 The following Carm'matne Oil, is 
 alfo a fpecifick iNlcdicine for the IVirJ 
 Choltck. 
 
 ' Take Calamint, Teiiny-royaU Ori- 
 ' ganu'iTiy or rodd Marjoraffi ^nd Rue, 
 
 * all dry'd in the Sh-'.de, of each one 
 ' Handful; Carrot, Cummhi and ¥en- 
 ' net Seeds, of each one Ounce, of 
 
 * Bay-berrici one Ounce; powder the 
 
 * Herbs and Seeds, and put them all 
 ' in an earthen glaz'd Pot, with two 
 ' Pound of Sailct Od, and a Pint of 
 ' White -re ire; cover that Pot with 
 ' another fomething lefs, and lute it 
 ' with Pafte: Boil them over a flow 
 ' Fire, till half of the Wine is waf- 
 
 * ted, which will be in about fix 
 
 * Hours ; then flrain out the Oil after 
 
 * it is half cool'd, and add four Ouu- 
 ' cts of the Piilpoi' ColoquintiJaythen 
 < pur it into the fame Pot again, co- 
 ' ver it, and lute it as before; and 
 
 * boil it again for fix or eight Hours 
 
 * with a gentle heat; then boil it 
 
 * briskly for half an Hour;^ake it off 
 
 * the Fire, let it ffand till it is half 
 ' cold, then uncover the Pot, and 
 « prefs out the Oil, and keep it in a 
 ' Veilel for ule. 
 
 Three or four Ounces of this Oil 
 in an ordinary Glyfler, willeffcflually 
 expel the Wind, and bring away the 
 tough and vifcous Humours, which 
 generally are the Caufe of the Dif- 
 temper. 
 
 The third Kind of ChoUck. 
 
 This kind is not fo ealily known 
 as the other, and often kills a Horfe, 
 which the others but feldom do. 
 
 The Caufe.'] It is caus'd by a fort 
 
 of glewy "Phlegm, which owes its 
 
 fl.arpneis 
 
G H 
 
 ( 119) 
 
 C H 
 
 fiiarpncfs either to its Rot tcnncfs and 
 Ccrruprion, or to its Saltnefs and bi- 
 ting Qjaiiry, and forces Nature to 
 violent SriUi^.^lings; the Horle ftrives 
 in vain to dung, fwears in the Flank 
 and Ears, and v.'-hen he voids any 
 Excrements, ;hev are in a lirt'e quan- 
 tity, and little elfe bur Phlegm, that 
 cannot be f paratcd from the Gut^ 
 without Pain ; after vvhich he fnall 
 be eafy for a Momenr, and will feem 
 to be perfc£lly well ; but his Tor- 
 ment returns again pre!ently. 
 
 The Ssgns.] While the Horfe is in 
 the violence of his Agony, he fre- 
 quently lies down, ftarts up again on 
 a fudden, looks at his Flanks, and 
 will not eat, and if he has a Fever 
 with ir, he is in great danger, unlefs 
 the beating and heaving of his Flank 
 be aflvvaged by timely Remedies. 
 
 A Looiencfs ofi-en precedes this 
 ibrt of Cholick, which lafts a whole 
 Day, and carries off all the grofs Ex- 
 crements in the Body of the Horfe,- 
 but the tough and glewy Humours 
 ftick to the Guts, and do not come 
 away. 
 
 The Cure.'] * Take two Qiiarts 
 
 * ot Milk, or Tripe-broth, four or five 
 
 * Ounces of- Sallet-Oil, or fre^fJj Btit- 
 
 * ter, two or three Ounces o^ Sugar, 
 
 * and the Xolks of fix E^gs ; mix 
 
 * them for a Glyller, and give this 
 
 * every three Hours, adding to it 
 « two Ounces of good Diaphoretic,': 
 
 * Antimony . 
 
 It is a!fo convenient to give the 
 following Mixture at feveral times: 
 * Take Oil o'i B.ofes, and common 
 
 * Oil, or" each a Pound ; 0'^ P.ofs--wci- 
 
 * ter a Pint, and half a Pound of Sn- 
 
 * gar i mix them, and pour down 
 
 * his Throat a Glafsfull in a Horn e- 
 
 * very three Hours, 
 
 This will open and fcour the Guts, 
 cut the thick Humours, allay the 
 Pain i and by its flipper inefs gliding 
 through the Inteftines, qualify the 
 11^.31 pnefs and heat of the Humours. 
 
 Walk the Horfe gently without 
 heating of him for a quarter of aa 
 Hour alter every Dole, that the Hu- 
 mou-s may not be farther enraged. 
 
 When the Horie has been freed 
 from his Pain, feed him with Bran 
 for feven or eight Davsj but becaufe 
 tho' the Difremper may be appeas'd, 
 it is not pcrfedily cured, you muft 
 remove the Caufe by a convenient 
 Purg'^, as follows: 
 
 ' Take a Pound and a half of O- 
 ' live Oil. half a Pint of Ckret Wine, 
 
 * Flour of Linfeed three quarters of 
 ' an Ounce, of the ?ulp of Collo- 
 ' qui'itida two Ounces and a half, 
 ' half an Ounce of Mijletoe of the 
 ' Apple-tree beaten, half a Handful 
 ' of C.^fr/omile Flowers, 2ud two fmall 
 ' Lily Boots, cut into round Slices. 
 ' Put all the Ingredients into a Pot 
 ' covered exaflly with another fbme- 
 
 * what lefs, and lute the Veflels where 
 
 * they join with Clay tempered with 
 
 * a little Hair or Wool. Let the Clay 
 ' cry, and then boil all gently till 
 
 * the Wine is wafted, which will be 
 
 * in about eight or ten Hours, then 
 ' fet it by till it is half cold, drain it, 
 ' and give it the Horfe lukewarm in 
 ' a Pint of Tripe, Sheep's-head or 
 ' Flefh Broth, without any Fat upon 
 ' it. If the llorie be hard to be 
 wrought upon, you may afterwards 
 give him a larger Quantity. 
 
 Let the Horfe be kept upon the 
 Bridle for fix Hours before, and five 
 Hours after. 
 
 You may make what Quantity 
 you pleafe of this Oil, for it will 
 keep good for fe en Years. 
 
 There is alfb another kind of Cho- 
 lick, that is, when Horfes cannot flale 
 or pils, and is occziioncd mod com- 
 monly either by Obftrudlions in the 
 Neck of the Bladder, and urinary 
 Pafiage, or an Inflamrharion of the 
 Bladder. 
 
 This Difeafe does not appear fo 
 
 much in the Stable, as abroad in travel. 
 
 I 4. Th^ 
 
CH 
 
 The Signs are . hefei] The Horfe will 
 often make an ota to ftale, but can- 
 not; will ^.xWc h" Belly with his 
 hinder Foot, '.nd oftentimes ftamp; 
 he will forfake his Meat, and his Fel- 
 ly will appec! fuller than o-dinary to- 
 wards his F'ank, and he will be de- 
 iirous to lie down and walbw. 
 
 The Cure.'] ' Make a Deco6lion 
 
 * of '■be five foftening; Heibs, iiz. 
 
 * Mallorrsy l^^arfij-n-allorfs. Mercury, 
 
 * Vtolet Leaves, and Pe Hit cry of the 
 
 * Wall) wirh an Ounce of tiie Sctd 
 
 * of Gromwel powdered j itrain the 
 
 * Deco<fi-ioi . and add half a Pound 
 
 * of con- men Turpentine, diffolv'd in 
 
 * the Tolks of half a dozen Egzs> and 
 
 * three Ounces ot common Catholt- 
 < cum, and inject it by way of Glvf- 
 
 * ter , or inflead of the Turperaine, 
 ' you ma) rriix two Ounces of Spi- 
 
 * rit of Ti'-rpenttne ^vith the Glyfter. 
 
 * When the Horfe has ejedied the 
 
 * Glyfter, give him two Ounces of 
 « the Powder of Colophony in a Pint 
 
 * of M'^hite-vpine, and it will cauie 
 
 * him to dale. 
 
 * The Antients ufed to ^ive the 
 
 * Horfe a Glyftcr, 'made either of 
 
 * wild Cucumber St or elfe Hens-dung^ 
 *■ Nitre, and Jirong Vinegar, and to 
 
 * labour him after the Giyder. 
 
 * Some give the Horle the Urine 
 
 * of a Child to drink, oraGIyiler of 
 
 * Soap and fait Water. 
 
 * Others give him five Drams of 
 
 * Myrrhe in good IVirte, and gallop 
 
 * him afrer it. 
 
 * Some give the Horie Smallage 
 ? and Vfirjly in his Provender, and 
 
 * then travel him till he f vcats. 
 
 But others approve the follow- 
 ing Medicine as the beft : ' To 
 
 * put two Ounces of Sugi^r, Cinna- 
 '^ mon. Cloves and Pepper, of each 
 
 * half an Ounce, into a Qjart of 
 
 * Md}:-ifey ; to boil them awhile, 
 
 * and to put in a Spoonful of Honey 
 
 * lukewarm, and to ride him for a 
 f full Hqut after 3 but before he h 
 
 ( I20 ) C H 
 
 rid, it will be good to anoint all 
 his Flanks with Oil of Bays, or Oil 
 of Spike ; and if he does not dung; 
 while you ride h''m, then you muft 
 rake him, and if there be occafion 
 for it, force him to dung by thruft- 
 ing a pilled Onion jagged crofs- 
 ways into his Fundament, that the 
 tickling of the juice may inforce 
 Ordure. And he muft not diink a- 
 ny cold Water, o' eat any Grafs or 
 green Corn for four or five Days 
 after, and keep him in a warm Sta- 
 ble upon wholfome dry Meat. 
 
 Others diie6l ' To boil good flore 
 of the Herb Dill in the Water that 
 you give the Horfe ro drink ;but if 
 he cannot dung, then you may l^oil 
 good ftore of Fuwitory in his Wa- 
 ter, and it will make him dung 
 without danger or hurting. Or, 
 
 ' Take Pcnagreek, Bay-berries and 
 
 P epper, of t2i(:\\ four Ounces i Grains 
 
 '■ and Ginger, of each an Ounce ; of 
 
 ■ Sengrecn one Pound, V/ater Crejfes 
 
 ■ two Handfuls, Sage and MtKt, of 
 ' each a Handful; pound rhe Spices, 
 ' and ftamp the Herbs, and boil them 
 = in a Qiiart of White-roine ; flrain it, 
 ' and put two Spoonfuls of Honey to 
 ' the Decodion, and give it the Horfe 
 ' lukewarm. 
 
 Another. 
 * Take of Cinnamon, Cloves and 
 ^ Pepper, of each an Ounce ; powder 
 ' them finely, mix them, and boil 
 ' them a little in a Quart of Canary, 
 ' take it eft, and put in a Spoonful 
 ^ of Honey ; give it the Horfe luke- 
 
 * warm, clorhe him and li^iter him, 
 ' and keep him without Meat for 
 ' three or four Hours after it ; then 
 ' give him fome Hay, and an Hour 
 
 * after that a fweet Mafli and White- 
 
 * Water. 
 CHOLOGOGUES. 
 
 Chologogues are thofe Medicines that 
 purge Cholcr, 
 
 CHRO-; 
 
C I 
 
 ( 121) 
 
 C L 
 
 CH RONICK. 
 
 Chronhk Diftempers are fuch as are 
 of long continuance, and are the con- 
 fequence ot" fome natural Defe£l in 
 the Conflitution, or irregular Manage- 
 ment. 
 
 TO CICATRIZE. 
 To cicitrize is to apply fuch iMedi- 
 cines to Ulcers and Wounds, as heal 
 and fill them up with Flefh. 
 CINNABAR. 
 Cinnabsir is of two forts, the Na- 
 tive and Fidlitious. The true Cinna- 
 bar is very heavy, and of a beautiful 
 red Colour, having continually a 
 great deal of Sulphur and ^uickfilver 
 in its Compofition, which render it 
 one of the moft efficacious Renaedies 
 in the World, and is of the greateft 
 Service in moft Difeafes of the Head, 
 as the Vertigo and Staggers, the 'Fal- 
 ling Evil, 6cc. By its 'fubrilty and 
 folidity, it is enabled to pafs thro' the 
 moft minute Pafla^es, and breaks 
 thro' the little Obftru6:ions, which in 
 the Fibres and nervous Meanders are 
 the Occafion of fuch Diforders. And 
 is therefore of the greateft Efficacy in 
 opening all Obftruftions in the Ca- 
 pillaries and fmalleft VefTels in any o- 
 ther part whatfoever, in fcouring and 
 cleanfing the Glands, and opening 
 the Pores of the Skin, by promoting 
 Tranfpiiation; and therefore is very 
 ferviceable in the Mange, Farcin, and 
 all other Foulnefs which infe6l the 
 outward Parts. The beft comes from 
 ■Hungary, and feveral Parts of Ger- 
 many. The Taciitious Cinnabar is 
 made of Sulphur and ^uichjilver, 
 and is that which is commonly to 
 be met with in the Shops: It is not 
 fo bright and beautiful as the other, 
 neither is it fo mild in its Operati- 
 on, but is made ufe of- with very 
 good fuccefs in all the fame Inten- 
 tions. 
 
 CINNAMON. 
 Cinnamon is an Aromatick both in 
 yiavour andTaftej it is wonderfully 
 
 grateful to the Stomach, which it 
 helps to ftrengthen mightily, as alfo 
 the Bowels, and is very ferviceable 
 to all Rheums and Defludions, and 
 in all Looienefles. 
 
 CINQUEFOIL. 
 Cinquefotl or five leavd Grafs. The 
 Roots boil'd in Vinegar are good for 
 all hard Swellings^ Knots and Ker- 
 nels in the Flefli, Inflammations, St. 
 Anthony's Fire, all foul and running 
 Scabs. 
 
 CISTS, or CISTUS. 
 Cijls or Ci/ius are fuch Tumors 
 where the obftrufled Matter coiledls 
 as in a Bag, which may be all taken 
 out at once. 
 
 CITRONS. 
 Citrons are gratefully cooling and 
 agreeable to the Stomach; and there- 
 fore their juice is very proper ia 
 thofe Compolitions the Farriers call 
 Armans, in order to promote a good 
 Appetite; they have a Place in Scl- 
 leyfell, but are fcarce in this King- 
 dom. 
 CLAMPONNIER or CLAPPO- 
 NIER. 
 CUmponnier, Sec. fignifies a long 
 jointed Hor{e, whofe Pafterns are 
 long, flender, and over pliant. 
 CLARIFICATION. 
 Clarification relates chiefly to De- 
 codlions of Plants and Root?, which 
 abound with many grofs and vifcid 
 Parts; it is performed by beating up 
 the Whites of Eggs with a Switch 
 until they come to a Froth, which 
 upon boiling them in the Dccodtion 
 will entangle the groifer Parts, and 
 raife them to the Top in a tough 
 Scum, which may be taken off, ei- 
 ther with a Spoon, or by paffing it 
 through a Flannel. 
 
 CLEFT. 
 A Cleft is a Defedl in a new, Ibfr, 
 rough, uneven Hoof, which grows 
 on a Horfe's Feet upon the Hoof 
 caft. 
 
 CLEFTS, 
 
C L 
 
 C 122 ) 
 
 c o 
 
 CLEFTS, CRACKS or 
 CHOPS. 
 
 Thefe Clefts appear on the Bought 
 of the Vajlernsj and are caus'd by a 
 iliarp and malignant Huoiour which 
 frets the Skin, and is accompanied 
 with Pain, and a very noifome Stench. 
 
 The Cure.] * Shave the Hair off 
 
 * from the fore Places, and if there 
 
 • be no Swelling, apply the rphite 
 ' Honey Charge, and that will quick- 
 
 • \y heal the Chops. 
 
 If the Fiefh be foul, and retard the 
 Cure, ' You muft touch it with Sp't- 
 
 * rit of Vitriol, and apply the white 
 
 • Ho?7ey Charge two Hours after, and 
 
 • renew the Charge till the Cleft is 
 
 * healed. 
 
 ' Alio the Oil of Hemp-feed or Lin- 
 
 * feed is an excellent Remedy in this 
 
 * Calei for it will aliay the fharp- 
 
 • nefs of the Humours, and very of- 
 ' ten heals and dries up the Chops. 
 
 * Take Lmfeed-Oil and Brandy in 
 
 • equal Quantities, fhake them togc- 
 « ther in a Glafs till they are well 
 
 * mixed, and then anoint the Chops. 
 jAnd if this Rem.edy does not prove 
 cfied:ual, apply the drying Ointment. 
 
 CLIVERS. 
 
 Clhers, or Goofe-grafs cieanfes the 
 Blood, and is good for the Liver, 
 helps in the Yellows and the biting 
 of venomous Beaftsj it Hops Lasks, 
 Bloody Fluxes, and bleeding Wounds, 
 being bruilcd and laid to tliem j and 
 nho clofes up green Wounds. The 
 Herb di y'd and powdered, is good to 
 drew upon old filthy Ulcers. 
 TO CLOSE. 
 
 To clofe a Pafiade jufl:ly, is, when 
 a Horfe ends the Paffade with a De- 
 mi-volt in good order, well nar- 
 rowed and rounded, and terminates 
 upon the iame Line upon which he 
 parted: So that he is ftiil in a Condi- 
 tion to part from the Hand hand- 
 fomely at the very lafS: Time or Mo- 
 tion of his Demi-volt, 
 
 CLOSE BEHIND. 
 
 Clofe behind \s a Term ufed of an 
 Horfe, whofe Hoofs come too clofe 
 together. 
 
 CLOVES. 
 
 Cloves are the Fruit of a very 
 large Tree : They are hot and aro- 
 matick, and iirengthen the Stomach 
 and Guts, are very good to expel 
 Wind and Flatulencies ; and in Difor- 
 ders in the Nerves, the Effential Oil 
 is often made ufe of as a Correftor 
 of Purging Pills, and may alfb be 
 prefcribed in Purging Horfe Balls. 
 CODS. 
 
 The Caufe.] The Swelling of the 
 Cocis or Stones y Solleyfell fays, may 
 proceed from leveral Cau£'s. For 
 fometimes they are fluff'd with fe- 
 rous Humours that defcend along the 
 Produ6lion of the Peritoneum ; fome- 
 times the Defluxion is caus'd by the 
 Stroke of another Horfe, and fome- 
 times the Guts fall into the Cods, by 
 reafon of fome Strain or Wrench. 
 
 The Cure.] The ufual Cuftom is 
 to ride the Horf- into the Water, 
 which by its cold nefs repels the Hu- 
 mours which flow to the Cods f and 
 it they are only full of Wind, or d'lC- 
 tended with a flight Inflammation, 
 this may fuflice; but a' there be a 
 violent Inflammation, he adviies to 
 apply the following Poultice. 
 . ' Take yellow Wax, jreflj Butter, 
 
 * and Oil of each half a Pound, and 
 
 * boil them in half a Pint of flrong 
 ' Vinegar, till the Vinegar is almofl: 
 ' wafted, then take it off the Fire, 
 
 * and put in an Ounce of Camphire 
 ' powdered, and having made the 
 ' Poultice, apply it to the Cods of 
 ' the Horfe. Let it lye on for four 
 ' Hours, and then apply another of 
 
 * the fame, without taking sway the 
 ' firft.' And if it be a limple In- 
 flammation, the Swelling v/ill be af- 
 fwaged, and the Pain abated; but if 
 the Swelling remains after the Heat 
 and Pain are taken awav, and the 
 
 Codi 
 
c o 
 
 ( 123) 
 
 c o 
 
 . ... is hang down very low, then it 
 is a Sign 'that the Horfe is afflided 
 with a Hydrocele, that is, when by a 
 Relaxation of the Peritoneum, the 
 Cods are fili'd with Water, which 
 being retained too long in the Part 5 
 by reafon of the great difficulty of 
 expelling it thro' the Pores, may cor- 
 rupt and ulcerate the Stones, and at 
 length caufe a Gangrene. 
 
 To prevent which after the Heat 
 and Inflammation is abated by the 
 Poultice, apply the following ajiria- 
 gent Poultice : ' Mike a fort of Gruel 
 ' of Barley Meal and Vinegar, and 
 ^ when it is almofl boiled, add half 
 
 * the quani'v of Chalk, and a good 
 
 * quantity of Oil cf Rofes and ^uin- 
 
 * ces, and two Pugils of Salt, Ap- 
 
 * ply this as hot as you can bear to 
 ' touch it with your Hand, and bind 
 « it on. 
 
 But if this Remedy proves alfo in- 
 effedual, and the Stones fti'! hang ve- 
 ry lo'.v, and by feeling the Cods, you 
 have reafon to think, they contain a 
 great deal of Water, the Horfe muft 
 be gelded, which do at the Full of 
 the Moon. And as foon as the Inci- 
 fion is made, a Pint or more of red- 
 difh Water will coroe our, which 
 caus'd the Swelling, and if the Stones 
 are not already ulcerated, the Wound 
 may be eafily healed. 
 SWELLING OF THE CODS, 
 or STONES. 
 
 Some fay, this Swelling or Inflam- 
 mation may proceed either from 
 ibme Wound, or by the flinging or 
 biting of fbme venomous Beaft, or 
 fome great Strain in running or leap- 
 ing, Oi by being bitten by fome other 
 Horfe. 
 
 ' The Cure may be perform 'd by 
 
 * bathing the Cods with Water 
 ' wherein the Roots of -wildCucura- 
 
 * hers and Salt have been boiled, and 
 
 * then anointing them with an Oint- 
 
 * ment made of Oil, Goati-greafe^'md 
 I the White of an Egg, 
 
 ' Others bathe the Ct)d in warni 
 « Water, in which Nitre and Vine- 
 
 * gar is put, and then anoint them 
 
 * with an Ointment made of Chalk, 
 
 * Potters Earth, Ox-dung, Vinegar, 
 ' and Cufnmin IVater, mingled toge- 
 
 * ther : Or elfe with the Juice of 
 ' Kt^ht-fJjade, or with Hemlock which 
 ' grows on Dung-hills. And if there 
 ' be occaflon, they let him blood in 
 ' the Flank-veins. 
 
 Some think that this Diflemper 
 often follows fome Sicknefs or Sur- 
 feit with Cold ; being a Sign of an 
 Amendment from that Sicknefs; and 
 they in order to make a CurCf do 
 as follows : ' They make a P'aifler 
 
 * of equal Quantities of Bean Floury 
 ' Wheat Mtal, Cummin and Hogs- 
 ' greafe, which they fpread all over 
 ' the Horfe's Cods and Stones. 
 
 • Some bathe the Cods of the 
 ' Horfe with Vinegar, in which 
 
 * Groundfel has been boil'd, or elfe 
 ' with a Quart of good Ale-voorty 
 
 * and boil in it Crums of brown 
 
 * Bread flrongly leavened, and a Hand- 
 ' ful of Cummin made into Powder, 
 ' and having made a Piailfer of it 
 
 * with Bean 'Four, apply it as hot as 
 
 * it can be born to the Part ag- 
 
 * grieved : Or, they boil Cow-dung in 
 ' Miih, and lav it as hot as it can be 
 ' born to the Part aff^ected. 
 
 But this Inflammation may fome- 
 times proceed from ranknefs of Seed ; 
 and you may difcover it by the much 
 moifl fliminels of the Yard. If it 
 be thus, you fliould firft make hira 
 cover a Mare, and then keep him 
 without Provender, and bleed him a- 
 bove the great Vein, that is, between 
 his Lips, and having made a Plaifler 
 of hard Eggs beaten in his own Dung, 
 lay it to his Cods, and wafh them 
 once a Day with cold Water. 
 
 ' Some us'd to bleed the Horfe ia 
 
 ' his Flap k -vein, and anointed his 
 
 ' Cods with Feathers dipt in an Oint- 
 
 ( ment made of Oil of Rofes and Vi- 
 
 * negar. 
 
c o 
 
 C 124 ) 
 
 c o 
 
 * ne^ar, of each half a Pint; and two 
 
 * Ounces of Bole-Armoniack beaten 
 
 * to Powder, being mixt together, 
 ^ and made lukewarm, and the next 
 
 * Day ride him into the Water, fb 
 
 * deep as to wafii his Cods well, then 
 ^ to ride him gently to the Stable, 
 
 * and when he is become dry again, 
 ^ to anoint him as before, and repeat 
 
 * this every Day till the Horfe is 
 
 * well. 
 
 Some are of Opinion, that this 
 Diftcmper may proceed from ill Hu- 
 mours and corrupt Blood, that re- 
 forts to the Cods ; the Method they 
 take to cure it, is, < To lay a Charge 
 
 * of Bole-Armoniack and Vinegar all 
 ' over the Cods, and repeat it once a 
 
 * Day till the Swelling is abated, or 
 
 * breaks of it felf: and if it breaks, 
 
 * they put in a Tent of Mel-rofatum. 
 
 * and make him a Breech of Canvas 
 « to keep it in, putting in a frefh 
 " Tent every Day, till he is well. 
 
 For a Bruife or Bite on the Cods that 
 caufes them to fwcll much. 
 
 * Firft bathe them well in warm 
 
 * Whey or Milk (but Whey is the 
 
 * beft) as hot as the Horfe can bear 
 ' it 3 repeat the bathing for three or 
 
 * four Days fucceffively; then having 
 « made a Bag to put to the Horie's 
 ' Cods to keep them warm ; and a- 
 
 * noint the Cods with the Oil of To- 
 
 * puleon cold, once or twice a Day, 
 
 * till the Swelling of them abates, 
 ' and then apply a Charge of CrowH- 
 ' Soap and Brandj to aflv^'age the reft 
 
 * of the Swelling, and to knit the 
 
 * Veins and Strings of the Cods a- 
 
 * gain. 
 
 * Lay it on ho^, and heat it well 
 
 * in, and three or four Days after, 
 ^ ride the Horfe into a River or Pond 
 ' up to the Belly, and it will fall in a 
 ' iliort time. If the Cods be fwell'd 
 ^ much, and it has been long done, 
 ' and is hard, do not meddle with i«- 
 ^ 0\ Jock. 
 
 COFFIN. 
 
 The Coffin of a Horfe is the whole 
 Hoof of the Foot above the Coronet, 
 including the Coffin-bone. 
 
 The Coffin-bone is a fmall fpongy 
 Bone, inclofed in the midft of the 
 Hoof, and poflefllng the whole form 
 ot the Foot. 
 
 A COLD. 
 
 Befinition.'] A Cold is an imper-- 
 fea Fever, and affedls the Body in 
 many Circumftances, and more efpe- 
 cially affefts the Lungs, and the Parts 
 appertaining to them. 
 
 Caufes.'] They are caufed by all 
 thofe things that caufe a Stagnation 
 of the Pores ; as when a Horfe has 
 been very much heated, and in this 
 Condition expos'd to the (harp Air, 
 without being cool'd by degrees, and 
 the Sweat rubb'd off, which ftrikes a 
 Chillincfs and Damp all over the Bo- 
 dy; or fuffering him to drink cold 
 Water while he is very hot; or a 
 Horfe that has been tenderly kept, 
 being expofed to the Night Air. 
 Sometimes many of the fame Symp- 
 toms with a Cold will happen, when 
 the Air is too thin and rarefied ; for 
 by that means the PrelTure not being 
 fufficient to force the Blood through 
 the fmall Veflels of the Lungs, cau- 
 fes a Stagnation there, and a difficul- 
 ty of breathing, which will be at- 
 tended with a Cough, and this kind 
 if it be not fpeedily cured, is the 
 moft dangerous. 
 
 The Signs are Dulnefs, want of 
 Appetite, a Cough, and running at 
 the Nofe ; fomenmcs it afiecls the 
 Eyes, and in moft young Horfes cau- 
 fes Swellings about the Kernels of 
 the Throat. 
 
 The firlr thing that fome Authors 
 advife to be done in a Cold, is, if the 
 Horfe be in good Cafe and full of 
 Flefh, to take away a large Quantity 
 of Blood from the Neck-vein; but if 
 he be low and poor, it may be inju- 
 rious to take much frcjin him. 
 
 But 
 
c o 
 
 ( i^n 
 
 c o 
 
 But nevcrthelefs, as all Colds for 
 the moft part do more or left affedt 
 the Lungs, Blood ought to be taken 
 away, cipecially in the beginning of 
 the bifcafe, altho' it be but in a Imall 
 Quantity. For in all Cafes where 
 the Blood is too vifcid, it is necefla- 
 ry to give it more room in the Vef^ 
 
 It tlie Horfc labours and breathes 
 widi difticulty, and fometimes fcems 
 to be in much pain, then you may 
 bleed him again a fecond timej and 
 if his Blood be of a florid red Co- 
 lour, and has little or no Serum in it, 
 and his Pain {till continues, you may 
 bleed him a third time in twelve 
 Hours more, to prevent an Irapoft- 
 humation : For Horfes are fome- 
 times in the beginning of a Cold 
 feizcd with a Pleurify or Peripneu- 
 mony, when the Cauleof their Ago- 
 ny is unknown to all about them. 
 
 If the Horfe be Coftive after he 
 has been blooded, give him the fol- 
 lowing Glyfter: 
 
 ' Boil Mallows and Marflj-mallowsy 
 
 * of each three Handfuls ; Mercury, 
 ' and Pellitory, of each one Handful 
 
 * in three Quarts of Water for half 
 
 * an Houri ftrain the Decoftion, and 
 
 * add to it half a Pound of Treacle, 
 
 * of coarfe Sugar or Honey half a 
 
 * Pound, and as much Oil or Butter, 
 
 * inje6l this Blood-warm, and repeat 
 
 * it as often as it fhall be necefTary. 
 
 If a Lax or Loofenefs does hap- 
 pen, it ought not to be ftop'd too 
 fbon : For fometimes it goes oif that 
 way, efpecially if the Horfe has been 
 furfeited ■■, but if ir fhould continue 
 too long, and cauie painful Gripes, 
 then you fiiould treat it according to 
 the Method laid down for the Cure 
 of a Loofenefs attended with a Cho- 
 lick. 
 
 Every violent Cold is attended with 
 a Lois of Appetf'e ,• in order to re- 
 cover ir, give the Horle chewing 
 Balls every Day, more or lefs, and 
 
 keep him up to moderate ^eediW? 
 And you may give him the follow- 
 ing Arman t 
 
 ' Take half a Pound of Honey of 
 
 * Rofes, and crumble the infide of a 
 
 * Manchet very fine -, Cinnamon and 
 
 * Nutmegs, of each an Ounce 5 Cala- 
 ' mus Aro^aticus, GalUngal and Ze^ 
 
 * doary, of each an Ounce and a half* 
 
 * Powder all thefe very fine, and in- 
 
 * corporate them with the Honey of 
 
 * Rofei, and add as much Syrup of 
 
 * Lemons as will make it in the con^ 
 
 * fiftency of a thin Pafle. 
 
 Give the Horfe now and then the 
 quantity of a Walnut of it, upon the 
 End of a Bull's Pizzle, firft fbak'd in 
 Water, and afterwards beat fofrj pull 
 his Tongue to one fide, and put the 
 Pizzle up to the back part of his 
 Mouth, and let him chew upon it 
 afterwards. 
 
 In the Cure of a Cold, a due Care 
 of the feeding and dreffing of a 
 Horfe, is as material as any thing can 
 be, and fo alfo is his Exercife; all 
 his Food ought to be moderate and 
 opening, as fcalded Bran or Barley 
 inftead of Oats ; and as to his Water 
 that fhould be with fuch things as 
 are diluting, and will promote Dif- 
 charges by Sweat and Urine, as 5";?/- 
 Folychrejium, Sal FrunelU, crude Sai 
 Armoniuk, and crude Tartar j fiich 
 things as are prefcrib'd in putrid and 
 malignant Fevers. 
 
 A violent Cold comes the neareft 
 to malignanffevers, and is frequent- 
 ly the Fore-runner of them ; and there- 
 fore all thofe things are proper that 
 are necefTary to carry off the grolfer 
 Parts of the Serum, for that \s the 
 means to recover a due and uniform 
 Circulation of the Blood, 
 
 Moderate Exercife does alfo great- 
 ly forward this, and rubbing and dref^ 
 fing. And if (as it often happens 
 in the beginning of a Cold ) that the 
 Horfe is inclinaMe to fweat ; or if be 
 hes under a heavy Oppreflion, then 
 
 you 
 
C O ( 126 ) 
 
 you may cafily promote thofe Dis- 
 charges by warm clothing. Or if you 
 fee it neceflary, • By giving him an 
 
 * Ounce oK Ve^'iice Treacle in a Pint 
 
 * oi White-vp'tne or Treacle-xoater. 
 
 If the running at the Horfe's Nofe 
 continues too long after the other 
 Symptoms are in a great meafure 
 gone, ' Give him every Day an 
 
 * Ounce of a Decodlion made of 
 
 * three or four Handfuls of red Rofe- 
 
 * Leaves, and an Ounce of Pomegra- 
 
 * nate Bark, an Ounce and half of 
 
 * Diafcordium difTolv'd in it, and fy- 
 
 * ringe hisNofe frequently with fbme 
 
 * of the Decoftion, or elfe with Ho- 
 
 * ney o'i Kofes. This will present it 
 from turning to the Glanders, except 
 the Horfe be Confumptive, and if fo, 
 it will be very hard to ftop it. 
 
 Another Medicine. 
 
 * Take a Handful or better of the 
 ' Mofs that grows upon an Oaken 
 « Pale or Timber Stick, boil it in 
 
 * three Pints of neto Milky with a 
 
 * green Root of Elecampane thinly 
 
 * fliced, and fome Liquorice. When it 
 
 * has boiled till the Mtlk is half waf- 
 
 * ted, flrain it and prels it thorough- 
 « ly, and while it is cooling, put in 
 ' a good piece of fweet Butter, and 
 « of ordinary Treacle fo much as will 
 
 * fufficc, and give it the Hoife blood- 
 
 * warm. 
 
 Another. 
 « Take Tar and Butter the Quan- 
 < tity of an Egg, mix and give it 
 
 * three Mornings roll'd up in Flour. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Take of Bay -fait. Honey and Tar, 
 
 * of each two Spoonfuls j as much 
 
 * Diapente as will lie upon a Six- 
 
 * pence, and the Quantity of a Nut- 
 'meg of 6!ach Soap, and as much 
 
 * beaten Tunnerick as will work all 
 
 * together till the S^tlt is melted ; 
 ' then take two Egg-fb.ells, fill them 
 
 * v»'ith this Compoiition^ crack the 
 
 c o 
 
 ■ shells, and give them the Horie, 
 ride him a little after it, and let him 
 
 ' faft two or three Hours; then give 
 him a Mafh, and let him eat Hay 
 after it. E. R. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take a Quart of White wine 
 
 ■ Vinegar, four Heads of Carlick, pill 
 ' them clean, and five new laid Eggs, 
 ' fet them in a Dunghill for four 
 ' and tv^renty Hours j then take out 
 ' the Eggs, and wipe them clean, 
 f and ftrain the Vinegar from the 
 ' Garlich, and put inco it two Spoon- 
 
 * fuis of honey, and three Ounces of 
 
 * Treacle of Je^ne. Mix thefe well, 
 
 * and give the Horfe every Morning 
 
 * two Horntuls, and one Egg as long 
 
 * as it lafts. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take an Ounce of Rhubarb, and 
 
 * half an Ounce of CaJJJa, the fame 
 
 * Quantity of Myrrhe ; one Penny- 
 
 * worth of Englijly Treacle. Make 
 
 * thefe up into three Balls with frefh 
 
 * Butter J roll them in Bran, and give 
 
 * them to the Horfe in the Morning 
 ' faftinir. -E- B- Thefe ought to be 
 given for a confidcrable time. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Put an Ounce of the Powder of 
 
 * the Roots of Elecampane, Honey 
 
 * and Treacle, o'^ each a Spoonful, in- 
 
 * to a Quart o^ new Milk bloodwarm. 
 « Ufe this twice a Week till the Cold 
 ' is gone. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take Diapente and Liquorice Pow- 
 der, of each an Ounce ; of pow- 
 dered Aloes half an Ounce ; eight 
 Cloves ot Garlick,p€eYd andhruiied, 
 and two Spoonfuls of Sallet OU i 
 put all into a Quart of Beer, and 
 give it the Horfe in a Morning fail- 
 ing, and keep him warm for a 
 Day or two after it. 
 
 Or 
 
CO C 127 ) 
 
 Or this Cordial. 
 « Beat the Yoiks of four new-laid 
 
 < Eggs very well, and diflblve them 
 ' in '^a Quart of Ale. put in a little 
 
 * Annifecd and Liquorice, and three 
 
 * J^Jutmegs powdered finely, add two 
 
 * or three Spoonfuls of common 
 ' Treacle, four Ounces of bro-pon Sw 
 
 * gar-ca72dy, a piece of Butter, and 
 
 * as much Pepper finely powdered as 
 ' wilUie upon a Sixpencej fet hem 
 ' on the Fire while the Butter and 
 ' Treacle is melted, and give it the 
 « Horjfe blood warm for four or five 
 
 * Mornings together. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take four Ounces of Horfe Spice, 
 
 * an Ounce of the Roots of Elc 
 
 * campxne powdered; Diapente and 
 
 * Flour of Brimjlone, of each half an 
 ' Ounce 5 common Treacle and Ho- 
 ' ney, of each a Penny-worth i Sal- 
 ' let-Oil a quarter of a Pintj make 
 « all thefe into a Pafte with a little 
 
 * Wheat-flour, make it into Balls, and 
 
 * give the Horfe one every Morning 
 
 * as long as they laft, wrapped up in 
 
 * fweet Butter. 
 
 Balls for a Cold. 
 
 * Take of Cloves a quarter of an 
 f Ounce, red Tar, Fenugreek, Dia- 
 ' pente. Syrup of Colts foot and Ho- 
 
 < f2ey, of each tv/o Ounces ; of the 
 « Flowers of Rofemary or Leaves 
 « dry'd one Ounce, and a little Malt- 
 
 * flour, work them up into a Pafie, 
 
 * and make them into Balls, and give 
 
 * the Horfe a couple of them at a 
 
 * time in a Morning fafting for three 
 
 * Mornings fucceffively, exercife him 
 
 * after ir, and it will cure him. 
 
 For a Cold nervly taken, 
 * Put Diapente, Sallet-Oil and Ve- 
 
 * nice Treacle, of each two Penny- 
 
 * worth into a Pint and half ofy?ro«^ 
 
 * Beer, and give it the Horfe luke- 
 
 * warm fafting. letting his Water be 
 
 * warmed for tv/o Days, giving him 
 
 c o 
 
 * a Malh of Ground Malt, and keep-^ 
 
 * ing him warm during the time of 
 
 * Cure. 
 
 For a new Cold with a Cough. 
 
 * Take Annifeeds, Bays and I,/- 
 
 * quorice, of each a half Penny- 
 ' worth, of Sugar-candy 2 Penny- 
 ' worth; reduce them all to a Pow- 
 ' der, and few them up in a fine 
 
 * Linen Rag, and tie it to the Bit 
 ' or Snaffle of the Bridle, and you 
 
 * may go a Journey ; for it cures 
 
 * bed with Riding and Exercife. 
 
 For an old Cold of a Tears fianding, 
 when a Horfe is knotted With Ker- 
 nels under his Throat between his 
 Jaws. 
 
 * Take of Turwerich, Lignum Vit^ 
 and Annifeeds, of each an Ounce, 
 beat them fmall j White-wine Vine- 
 gar and Aqua Vita, of each a quar- 
 ter of a Pint 5 a Handful of unfeC 
 Leeks, pound them well in a Mor- 
 tar, and wafh out the Mortar with 
 a Pint and a half of flroag Beer i 
 give thefe to the Horie lukewarm 
 in a Morning fafting, and tie him 
 up to the Rack for fix or fevea 
 Hours, littering and clothing him 
 warm ; at fix or feven Hours end, 
 give him fome fweet Hay, and at 
 Night fome warm Water and Bran, 
 and the next Morning warm Wa- 
 ter and Bran, and then give him 
 two Ounces of Honey in half a Pint 
 of White- wine lukewarm ; ride him 
 three or four Miles, fet him up in 
 the Stable, litter him and clothe 
 him warm, and having taken Care 
 to have ready boiled againfl he 
 comes in, this that follows, give it 
 him 3 half a Peck of Oats, two 
 Ounces of Turwerick, and two 
 Ounces of Coriander Seeds, hm(k all 
 together. 
 
 * On the third Day in the Mor- 
 ning fafbing, give him a Cordial of 
 ' three Pints of fiale Beer, a quarter 
 
 *of 
 
c o 
 
 * of a Pint of Honey, and the fame 
 
 * Quantity of Butter, with a good 
 
 * piece of Houfhold Bread ; firft boil 
 « the Bread and Beer together, and 
 
 * then put in the Honey. 
 
 * On the fourth Day in the Mor- 
 
 * ning after he has been ridden a Mile, 
 
 * give him this Drink : Bay-herries, 
 ' long Pepper, Toly podium and Su?ar- 
 
 * candy, of each an Ounce, pounded 
 
 * fmall, and put into a Quart of 
 ' firong mild Beer, heat it lukewarm, 
 
 * then ride him two or three Miles, 
 
 * clothe and litter him up warm, 
 
 * keep him faffing for four or five 
 
 * Hours, and give him burften Oats 
 ' with two Ounces of Tenugreek, 
 
 * and two Ounces of Coriander as 
 
 * before ( if Coriander Seeds are not 
 
 * to be had, Carravpay Seeds mav 
 
 * ferve). GiVe him that Night of the 
 « Oats and Seeds, and mix the V/a- 
 « ter in which the Oats and Seeds 
 « were boiled with cold Water, and 
 
 * give it him to drink, and g\wt him 
 
 * no other. 
 
 After the Horfe has refted for a 
 Week, give him the Drink that is 
 firft prefcribed in this Receipt, and 
 do every Day as before direded. 
 
 Then the third Week give him the 
 fame things again, after the fame 
 manner, and at the fame diftance of 
 Days, and it will cure him in 2 or 4 
 Weeks. ^ ^ 
 
 The firft Drink loofens the Fihh, 
 opens the Lights, and fets them a 
 running. A Cordial of White-tvine 
 and Honey will keep him to his Sto- 
 mach, and help him to void Filth 
 at the Nofe and Mouth, and will 
 much nourifh him within ; they 
 cleanfe the Stomach, Breaft and Bow- 
 els, and much wafte the Quinfey in 
 the Throat, and cut the tough thick 
 Phlegm. ^ 
 
 The Drink of Polypody, 5cc. pur- 
 ges the Veins, Blood and Liver, 
 and will flop the wafling of the 
 Body. 
 
 (128) 
 
 c o 
 
 That Day Morning you give him 
 the firfl Drink, apply a Charge of 
 Soap and Brandy made into a Salve 
 to the Kernels between his jaws, 
 and in a Weeks time they will be 
 fallen flat, and not break. Lay on the 
 Charge fcalding hot, and heit it well 
 in. If you perceive the yellow Mat- 
 ter become white, it is a good Sign 
 of a fpeedy Cure. 
 
 For a Cold long taken, roith a dry 
 Cough andfljortnefs of Breath. 
 
 * Take th'-ee quarters of an Ounce 
 
 * of Elecampane, and diffolve it in 3 
 
 * Pint and half ot/^v^^^ Canary, give 
 
 * it the Horfe in a Morning fafting, 
 
 * and ride him gently a little after j 
 
 * repeat this feveral times, till the 
 
 * Malady decreafes. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take anOunceof5>r///»ofCo/^/- 
 * foot, Annifeeds, Elecampane Roots 
 ' and Liquorice, of each half an Ounce, 
 
 * make them all into a fine Powder i 
 ' and an Ounce of brown Sugar-can- 
 ' dy, divide it into two parrs : Then 
 ' take a fufficient quantity o'c fweet 
 
 * Butter, and make it up pretty ftifF 
 ' into three Balls, and roll them in 
 
 * the other half of the powdered Su- 
 
 * gar-candy, and give ft the Horfe 
 ' fafting, and ride him gently for 
 
 * half an Hour after, then fet him up 
 ' warm, and keep him fafling for 
 
 * three Hours, fuffer him not to drink 
 
 * any cold Water, unlefs it be upon 
 ' Exercife, and fprinkle his Hay with 
 
 * Water, and his Oats with Ale or 
 ' Beer. 
 
 For an old Cold. 
 
 * If there be occafion you may 
 
 * bleed the Horfe in the Neck- vein; 
 ' if not, give him Wheat- bran boiled 
 
 * in Water inftead of Oats ; fet the 
 
 * Water on the Fire, and when the 
 
 * Water begins to boil, put in the 
 
 * Bran, and let it boil for a quarter of 
 
 * an 
 
c o 
 
 C 129 ) 
 
 c o 
 
 I « an Hour, then iet it by i and about 
 ! * four or five a Clock in the Mor- 
 I * ning give it him as hot as he can 
 
 * eat ir, and Jct him have the iarae 
 
 * Water to drink, and at Night give 
 
 * him'Oatsand white Water to drink, 
 
 * cover him and litter him up warm. 
 
 ♦ If it be in the Summer time, let 
 
 * not the Stable be too hot. tor that 
 
 * will both take away his Stomach 
 
 * and make him faint j give him eve- 
 
 * ry Night when he has his Water, 
 
 * among his Oats as much of the 
 
 * following Powder as an Egg-flitll 
 
 * will hold, for eight Days iuccef- 
 
 * lively, or longer, if there be occa- 
 
 * iion. 
 
 ' The boiled Bran will dry up all 
 
 * the corrupt grofs Humours, that 
 
 * caufe the Cold. 
 
 ' The Powder to be given him, is; 
 ' Fenugreek, Cummin- feeds, Stjilers^ov 
 ' Stleris Montant, Cloves, Ginger, Lin- 
 ' feed and Kutmegs, of each two 
 •' Ounces, and fix Ounces of quick 
 ' Brimfione. Reduce them to a fne 
 ^ Powder and mix them together, 
 ' and give them in his Oats to the 
 
 * Quantity of what an ordinary Egg- 
 
 * Ihell will holdi but firft water him 
 ' with white Water \ afterwards rub 
 ' him all over very well, clorh him 
 
 * and litter him warm, and put a 
 
 * little Wheat-ftraw into the Rack, 
 ^ for an Hour before you give him 
 ' his Oats, which give him with this 
 
 * Powder, and afterwards let him 
 
 * have Hay at your Picafure. It will 
 
 * be good to air him once a Day a- 
 ' bout an Hour before Sun ier, and 
 
 * and an Hour after Sun riling, if the 
 
 * Weather be Sun-fliiny: Keep up his 
 ' Stomach with White-wine, Honey 
 
 * and Cordials. G. Jock. 
 
 Tor a Cold with a %'iolem Cough. 
 
 * Firfl: give the Horfe Wheat-bran 
 
 * boiled with the Powder above- 
 ' mentioned, and h:s Oats as above 
 ' direfted ; but no: more than three 
 
 * or four Days, or till you perceive 
 ' he has purged fufficiemly ; then keep 
 
 * him to the white Water ( which is 
 
 * Water heated with Wheat-Bran or 
 
 * Barley- Meal) let him eat the Bran 
 
 * as hot as he can, and drink the W"a- 
 
 * ter a little warm. 
 
 ' Every time about an Hour be- 
 ' fore he is wa-^ered, having wrapped 
 
 * a Linen Cloth about a Stick of a 
 
 * Foot long, and a little bigger than 
 ' your Thumb, it being wrapped 4. 
 ' or 5" times double, dip it m Oil of 
 
 * Bays, and put it into his Mouth 
 ' with a Leather Thong, or fmall 
 ' Cord faftened to each end ol- the 
 ' Stick, and faften it over his Ears 
 ' like the Head ftall of a Bridle, and 
 ' let him drink with it in his Mouth, 
 ' and ftand with it an Hour after, till 
 
 * he has lick'd and fucked up the Oil j 
 ' and after he has purged fufficient- 
 
 * ly, at the end of three or four 
 ' bays, when you give him the 
 ' Oats, give him alfo the following 
 ' Powder amongft them : 
 
 ' Of Cardamum one Ounce, of 
 
 * Fenugreek two Ounces, of Fennel- 
 ' feeds four Ounces, pounded but 
 ' groily, that he may not blow them 
 
 * away while he is eating the Oatsj 
 ' put a Spoonful of thefe into them, 
 
 * keep him w^arra, and ufe him as 
 
 * is prefcrib'd in the foregoing Re- 
 ' ceipt. 
 
 For a rattling Cold in the Head. 
 
 • Take a quarter of a Pint of M«/- 
 
 * tard made with White-roine Vine- 
 
 * gar, and put another quarter of a 
 ^ Pint of IVine to it, to make it li« 
 ' quid i add to it an 2gg well bea- 
 ' ten, and two Spoonfuls of Sdlet- 
 ' Oil, make it lukewarm, and work 
 
 * it well together till it foams a- 
 
 * gain, and give it the Horle in three 
 ' Parts, one Part down his Mouth, 
 
 * and the other Parts one at each 
 
 * Noflfil. 
 
 K: Tot 
 
c o 
 
 ( 130) 
 
 c o 
 
 For a Cold and Surfeit. 
 
 * Take two Handfuls ot Mallom» 
 
 * Herb of- Grace or Rue, and Celan- 
 
 * dine, of each one Handful, and a 
 
 * Pint of Hemp- feed j pound the Seeds 
 
 * and chop the Herbs, and boil them 
 
 * in two Qtjarts of Water till one 
 
 * half is walled ; then pur in a yccQ 
 
 * of Butter, and give it the Horfe 
 
 * lukewarm, and order him as a Horfe 
 
 * is ufuali'y ordered after drenching. 
 
 A Tttme for a Horfe that is flop fa in 
 his Head, and -voids flinkmg Mat- 
 ter at his Nofe. 
 
 * Take uiuripigme??t.-':m and Colts- 
 
 * foot powdered, of each two Drams, 
 
 * and alfb Venice Turpentine; make 
 
 * them into a ftitf Pafte, and then 
 
 * into fmall Cakes about the fize of 
 *■ a Sixpence, dry them a lirtle, then 
 
 * put one of thefeCikcs into a Chai- 
 < fingdifh of Coals, cover it with a 
 
 * Funnel, and fume the Horfe, not 
 
 * only while he is taking Phyfick, 
 
 * but at other times alfb. 
 
 Tor any Cold that is not the Glan- 
 ders. 
 
 * Take two Ounces of Pepper finc- 
 ' ly beaten, four Spoonfuls of Sallet- 
 
 * Oil, two Spoonfuls of M«/?^r<^/, and 
 
 * four Onions roafted very foft, and 
 
 * cut fmall, and two Spoonfuls of 
 ' Elecampane finely powdered j min- 
 
 * gle all thcfe together, and make 
 « them into Balls with frefl) Butter, 
 
 * and give the Horfe three' Balls at a 
 
 * time, and three times giving will 
 
 * cure him ; but he muft not be tra- 
 
 * veiled during the time. 
 
 For an old, grievous, fefiered, rotten 
 Cold, and to dry up a foul running 
 Glanders. 
 
 * Put as much ftrong Muflard 
 
 * made with Wme Vinegar into a 
 
 * Pint of the beft Verjuice, and take 
 
 * alfo an Ounce or be;ter of Koch- 
 l jillnm finely powdered ^ thenwlien 
 
 * you give this to the Horfe with a 
 ' Knife or Spoon, put fbme of the 
 ' Allum into the Horn, and fo give 
 
 * it the Horfe, part at his Mouth, and 
 ^ part at both his Noffrils, but efpe- 
 
 * cia'.ly at that Noftril that runs moft, 
 ' then ride and chafe him a little af- 
 
 * ter ir, and fet him up warm. And 
 ' about Noon, give him a warm 
 ' Mafh, and let him have no cold 
 
 * Water, but when he may have 
 ' Exercife after ir. Give him this 
 
 * Drench for three Days together, 
 
 * and it will be fufficient. G. 7. 
 
 COLEWORTS. 
 
 Coleworts abound with a nitrous 
 Salt, and therefore are cooling and 
 promote Urine plentifully ; they are 
 good to allay Heat and Inflammati- 
 on, and therefore fome apply them 
 ftampt to Burns and hot Swellings. 
 THE COLLAR BONE. 
 
 The Collar Bones are two in Num- 
 ber; they are firfl united to the Breaft 
 Bone one on each fide; they are 
 called ClavicuU, either becaufe they 
 refcmble the antient Keys, which 
 were in the fliape of an It.zlian 5, 
 or elfe becaufe they look up and en- 
 clofe the Cheff. The Heads of them 
 are fpungy and open; but their mid- 
 dle is fomewhat thin and flat, and 
 fomewhat more folid; they are joined 
 to the top of the Breafl: Bone by one 
 end; and to the firfl Rack Bone of 
 the Back by the other end, differing 
 from thofe in Men which are joined 
 with the Shoulder. They help to 
 fupport the Shoulder Blades, and hin- 
 der them fiom flidlng forward up- 
 on the Breaft Bone, and Shoulder 
 Bones j which frequently happens up- 
 on a Fradui e or Diflocation of thele 
 Bones. 
 
 COLT. 
 A Colt is either He or She of a 
 Mare's cafling. 
 
 When Colts are about four Years 
 old, they bfgin to be back'd,and then 
 tbey lole the Name of Colts. 
 
 About 
 
G O ( 13- 
 
 About the Age of four or four and 
 a half, the upper Tufhes cut the 
 Skin, till which time they are not 
 capable of any great Labour or Fa- 
 tigue. 
 
 The beft Time to wean Colts. 
 If a Colt be nor well weaned, 
 well fummered, and well wintered 
 the three firft Years, and efpecially the 
 firft Year, when he moans for his 
 Dam, he will feldom come to be a 
 good Horfe. The beft Time oF the 
 Year to wean Colts in, is at Candle- 
 mas or Shrovetide., according to the 
 Time the Colt was foaled. 
 
 When Colts are weaned, they fl-;ould 
 be brought to fome Houie tor that 
 Purpole, quite out of the hearing of 
 tluir Dams, there they fhould be fhut 
 up, and not fuft'ered ro come out for 
 a Fortnight. There muft alfo be Paf- 
 ture adjoining, that they may feed 
 and play every fair Day, after that 
 Fortnight is elapfed from the Time 
 you begin to wean them till the Grais 
 he. fully grown in May i then put 
 them into Cow Pafture, where by 
 feeding neither in high nor rank 
 Grafs, they may not hurt their 
 Reins, or grow thick-necked; nor 
 their Growth be hindred for Want 
 of feeding; but feeding in a fliort 
 fweet Grafs may thrive well till they 
 have forgotten their Dams. 
 What feeding is the hefl for Colts from 
 two Years old and upwards. 
 Some fay, that wet lying, want 
 of feeding in the Winter, and old 
 rank feeding in Summer from two 
 Years old and forwards, fpoils the 
 gveateft part of the whole Breed of 
 England, which otherwife would 
 breed tiie beft Horfes for all kind of 
 fervice in the World. For wet lying, 
 and want of feeding in the Winter, 
 caufes the Horfe to be heartlefs and 
 ill fliapen, and fubjefl to all cold and 
 watery Dif:a(es both in Body and 
 Limbs. 
 
 t ) CO 
 
 And over rank feeding in the Sum- 
 mer, efpecially from two Years old 
 and upv^'ards, makes an Horfe bad 
 reined and flothful ( being over-laden 
 with fat Flefti) ever ready to be 
 more-foundred, and catch the Glan- 
 ders and Cough upon every Cold. 
 
 The beft Summer feeding for Colts 
 from two Years old and upwards, is 
 where there is a large Walk, and 
 hungry fliort Feeding, yet not 'lo 
 bare, but that he may fill his Belly 
 once a Day, if he travel for it, and 
 not hinder his Growth : But by all 
 means you fhould keep your Horfe 
 Colts from knowing any Mare till 
 they be five Years old. 
 
 Some fay, the reafon of our En- 
 gliJJj Horfes being taken up fo young, 
 is, becaufe being large and well fed, 
 if they fliould run till they came to 
 their full ftrengrh, they would be fo 
 fturdy and milchievous to break, that 
 they would do Mifchief to them- 
 felves and their Breaker. But others 
 look upon this Notion erroneous j 
 and fay, there is no Horfe fo fturdy ^ 
 and wilful, but that he may be tamed 
 and managed with Watching and 
 Hunger within a Month, if his Kee- 
 per will ufe diligence. 
 
 The Way to manage afitn-dy Horfe. 
 
 That when he comes into the 
 Houfe.and will not fufrer his Keeper 
 to handle him and take up his Feet, 
 YOU fhould let him have no Feeding, 
 but what he takes oat of his Keeper's 
 Hands. 
 
 The U^inter Feeding. 
 As for Winter Feeding, there fhould 
 be a Hovel or Houle made tor them 
 adjoining to the Winter Pafture, in 
 which there muft be a Rack, to give 
 them Fodder in bad Weather, whi- 
 ther they fliould be brought ever/ 
 Night, when it is like to prove wet; 
 but' in frofty Days and Nights, it is 
 beft to pin them abroad. 
 
 K 7 Ther? 
 
c o 
 
 ( 13^ ) 
 
 c o 
 
 There ought f o 're one Failure kept 
 nigh to the Hou£' where the Mare 
 Colts are fed in the Winter-time ; 
 which fliould not be fed in before 
 Shrovetide, bccaufc that Time and the 
 middle o{' May (before v/hich, Graft 
 is not faflicicntly grown in moil: 
 Places for Horfes to Red on) is the 
 Time of the grcareft Danger of Hun- 
 ger in all the Year. 
 
 At what A^e Colts may hejl be 
 badid. 
 
 Some recommend upwards of four 
 Years old as the befl: Time, or if 
 there be good dole Ground to keep 
 him in, rathtr at five Years old and 
 upwards: For then his Joints and Si- 
 news will be ftrong and well knit, 
 his Hoofs tough and not brittle, his 
 Chine ftrong, his Eye light good, lo 
 that he can fcarcely be hurt either in 
 breaking or in reafbnab'c riding; and 
 befides he will iafl a good Horfe till 
 24. or 25" Years old. Whereas if a 
 Colt be taken up at 2 or 3 Years 
 old as is common, he will afterwards 
 many times be blird, britrle-hoof'd, 
 weak back'd, full of Wind-galis and 
 Splints, and fliow himfelf to be an 
 old ftilf Horfe before he is 10 Years 
 old, as the moft part of Spa-niJJ} 
 Horfes do, becaufe they are taken up 
 fo young; for in Spam they have no 
 good clofe Ground to let their Colts 
 run longer in. 
 
 Others fay, that if you take two 
 Colts that are equally well fhap'd, be- 
 got by the fame Stallion, upon two 
 Mares equally beautiful, and keep one 
 of them warm in the Winter-time, 
 and feed him with dry Food till he 
 is three Years old, he will have as 
 good Legs, and will be as nervous, 
 as difcharged of Flefh, and almofl: as 
 well fliap'd as his Sire ; fuppofing 
 him to be either a Bxrb or a Spmipj 
 Horfe ; but on the contrary, if you 
 let the other run all the Winter in 
 the Fields, till he is three Years old, 
 
 his Head and Neck will be big and 
 thick, his Shoulders charg'd with 
 Flefli, and as tor his Nature and Size, 
 will be a mofl lubberly and perfed: 
 Cart- horfe. From whence the Ef- 
 fects of dry Food and warm houfing 
 may be obferved, and how much 
 they contribute to the Beauty of Hor- 
 fes. 
 
 THE COLT EVIL. 
 
 This Didemper was by the antient 
 Farriers, and efpecially by the Z/^i- 
 /m;7/, accounted to be a continual fland- 
 ing Ere(5fion, together with an un- 
 natural Swelling of the Yard, pro- 
 ceeding either from fome Wind, 
 which fills the Arteries and hollow 
 Sinews or Pipes of the Yard i or elle 
 f om the abundance of Seed, pro- 
 voked by the na^u^al Heat of the 
 Horfe. But however it may be in 
 their hot Country, which may af- 
 ford Beafls of more hot Natures than 
 ours doth, our Farriers fay, that in 
 our Horfes that are of a colder Tem- 
 per, it is only a Swelling ot the 
 Sheath of the Yard, and of that part 
 of the Belly about the Yard, together 
 with the Cold proceeding from cor- 
 rupt ^ttdi, which Cometh out of the 
 Yard, and remaining within the 
 Sheath, there putrifieth. 
 
 And Geldings as well as Horfes are 
 fubjc6l thereunto, Ix^caufe they want 
 natural Heat to expel their Seed. 
 
 Others fay, the Colt-Evil is a con- 
 tinued Stiffriefs in the Yard of a 
 Ho'-fe, and is fo call'd, becaufe it is a 
 Difeafe incident to Colts ; and comes 
 by their having free liberty with 
 Mares before they are able to cover 
 them. 
 
 But the D'lCc^fi that is generally 
 cali'd by that Name in England, is 
 only a Swelling of the Sheath. 
 
 The Signs of it are the outward 
 Swelling of the Sheath and Cod, and 
 fometimes there is a Stoppage of the 
 Urine. 
 
c o 
 
 ( ns ) 
 
 c o 
 
 The Cure.'] ' This may cafily be 
 cured, if taken in rime, by bathing 
 the Sheath with a warm Fomenta- 
 tion made with emoilient Herbs, 
 ^c. as Mallorvs, Marf})-rnaUovos, 
 Camomile, l/l^orm-ppood, and the like, 
 mixed with (omt Spirit oi Wine i 
 but if the Swellino; be prettv hard, 
 and the Signs of Heat and Inflam- 
 mation appear, ihen the Horie 
 fhould be both let Biood and purged, 
 and his Yard fiiould be ty'd up to 
 his Belly, a Hole being made in the 
 Bandage for the Paflaj^e of his Wa- 
 ter. 
 
 * Or, waih the Sheath clean with 
 lukewarm Vinegar, asid then draw 
 out the Yard, and wafli that in like 
 manner, and afterwards ride the 
 Horfe daily, MorrJng and Evening, 
 up to the Belly in deep running 
 Water; totTing him to and fio to 
 allay the Heat of his Members, till 
 the Swellings goes dov/n ; and it 
 may be proper to f.vim him now 
 and then. 
 
 ' Some bathe his Yard and Cods 
 with the Juice of Houfe-leek, or, 
 v/ith Wa er in v^hich Kmholm has 
 been boiled. 
 
 ' If this Diflcmpcr prevents the 
 Horfe from ftaling, give him black 
 Soap in new Ale to drink. 
 
 * 0;hers wafh the Horfe 's Sheath 
 and Cods with Butter and Vinegar, 
 made warm, or his Yard and Cods 
 with the Juice of Hem'.cck. 
 
 ' Some mix Bean-fiour, Vinegar 
 and Bo'.e-Arr/7oniack, and lay it Plaif^ 
 ter-wife on the Sheath and Cods. 
 ' Or make a Plaifter with IVine- 
 lees, Houfe-leek and Br^w, mixed to- 
 gether, and lay it to his Sheath and 
 Cods. 
 
 ' Others direft to take the Pow- 
 der of- the Herb Azens, and the 
 Leaves of Betony, and to ftamp them 
 well with White-vpine to a moift 
 Salve, and to anoint the Part there- 
 with. 
 
 COLTS-FOOT. 
 
 The Leaves of Colts-foot while it 
 is green, have a biting Quality, but 
 the dry'd Leaves are not £o biting. 
 They are good for fhiort Windednels, 
 Wheezings, Inflammations, St. An- 
 thonfs. Fire, and Burnings. 
 
 SYRUP OF COLTS FOOT. 
 
 * Take of the Juice of Colts-foot 
 ' and Sugary of each a likeQuanrity, 
 ' and boil them into the Confidence 
 ' of a Syrup. 
 
 It is much uied in the Difeales of 
 Hor£^s^ being order'd in all Colds, 
 broken winded and confumptive Ca- 
 fes; but a large Quantity of the De- 
 coition ir. much more depended on: 
 The Syrup is very proper to make 
 thofe dry Ingredients into a Parte, 
 which are dciigned for perioral Balls 
 COMMENCE. 
 
 To commence or initiate a Horfe, 
 is to put him to the firft Lellons ia 
 order to break him. 
 
 COMPLEXION. 
 Complexion is nov/ ufed for the 
 fame as Temperament, as Sanguine, 
 Phlegmarick, or Cholerick. 
 
 Some jay, that by the Colour of 
 a Horle, you may ever make a Judg- 
 ment of his Complexion: For from 
 that Element that i5 predominant in 
 him his Complexion is drawn Thus, 
 
 If a Horie participate? more of the 
 Fire than of any other Element, then 
 he is accounted a Cholerick Horfe, and 
 his Colour is either a bright Sorrel, a 
 Coal-b'flck without any ivhite, or an 
 Iron-gray, unchangeable; that is,fuch 
 a Grey as will never turn a Dapple- 
 grey, a White or a Flea-bitten, and 
 theie Horfes are of Nature, light, 
 hot, fiery, and feldom of any great 
 Strength. And thefe Horfes are ve- 
 ry fubjecl to Fefiilential Fevers, Tel- 
 lows and Inflammations of the Li- 
 ver. 
 
 Therefore in purging thefe Horfes 
 
 for Choler, Care ought to be taken 
 
 K 3 that 
 
c o 
 
 that it be done moderately, and not 
 with any extraordinary Strength in 
 the Potion or Drench. Becaule the 
 Horfe being not accounted Urcng in 
 his bed: Strength, if any violent thing 
 be made ufe of, that little Strength he 
 has would be abated by it, and fo the 
 Horfe would be injured. 
 
 It a Horfe participate more of the 
 Air than the other Elements, he is ot 
 a fanguine Complexion, and his Co- 
 lour is either a 6n^h Bay or a dark 
 Bay, which has neither a fcouling 
 Countenance, mealy Mouth, nor W^/Ve 
 Flank, or a -white, Ilez-bhien, rckite 
 Lyard like Silver, or black with a 
 white Star, rphite Rach or n^hiie 
 Foot. 
 
 Thefe Horfcs arc of a Nature plea- 
 fant, niinble, free, and of a good 
 Strength. The Difeafes they are 
 moll incident to, are a Confumpn- 
 on of the Liver, Glanders, Leprofv, 
 or any Diicafe which is infeaious. 
 They are of a good (Irong Conflitu- 
 tion, and are able to endure Strength 
 in their Medicines, efpecially any 
 thing that cools the Blood. 
 
 It a Horfe participates more of 
 Water than of the other Elements, 
 then he is of a phlegmatick Com- 
 plexion, and his Colour is either Milk- 
 white, or Yellow- dun, Kne-glen>'d or 
 Ttcd-ball, in whom there \s an equal 
 Mixture of Colours, that is, as much 
 white as of the other Colour. Or 
 elfe, if the Bay, the Black, or the 
 T>u7i exceed the J^Fhite, he is faid to 
 be of that Complexion of which the 
 Colour prevails moli. Thefe Horfes 
 are of a llow Nature, and ant to lofc 
 Flefb. ^ 
 
 The Difeafes they are moft in- 
 cident to, are Colds, Head-aches, 
 RkeHins, St agger s,2ir\d fuch like. They 
 •are able to endure the reafonable 
 Strength of any Medicine j bccaufe 
 the great Quantity of Phlegm that 
 they abound with, is fufHcient for 
 
 ( 134 ) CO 
 
 both Nature and the Potion to v/ork 
 upon. All cold fimples are very pre- 
 judicial to them 5 becaufe they bind 
 too foon, and fo alfo are thofe that 
 are violently hot in the third degree ; 
 becaufe they difperfe too fuddenly, 
 and therefore Simples of a moderate 
 Quality are the beft-. 
 
 If a Hor£" participates more of the 
 Earth than of the other Elements, 
 then he is of a melancholy Com- 
 plexion; and his Colour is of aAfow/g- 
 dtiriy Che [nut y Buffet, AfJjey, Grey, 
 Dark, Bay with r//eaiy Mouth, red or 
 ■ivhite Flank, or a red^ifi Bay, ha- 
 ving long white Hair like Goaf's- hair 
 growing on his Leg?. Th-ie Ho'fes 
 are ot a Nature heavy and [aint- 
 hearred, the Diftafes they are moft 
 fubjcd" to, are the Dropfy, Frenzy, 
 Jnflarri}7iAttons in the Spleen, and fuch 
 like. They are commonly of a bet- 
 ter Strength than they are apt to 
 fl.ow by their Adfions, and are able 
 to endure the Strength of any rea- 
 fonable Medicine. All cicarri2,ing and 
 dry Simples are prejudicial to rhem, 
 and the cold and moifl aie mofl be- 
 neficial. 
 
 Farriers make a fifth Complexion 
 or Conftitution, which is calfd the 
 Compoiition or Mixture of Com- 
 plexions; that is, when a Horfe par- 
 ticipates of all the four Elements e- 
 qualiy, and this they account the 
 moft perfect Complexion ; fuch a 
 Horfe is always one of thefe Co- 
 lours; either a fair bro-scn Bay, dap- 
 pled or not dappled, a dxppled Gray, a 
 Black full of Silver- hair, a fair Roan, 
 red or black. And thefe Horfes are 
 of Nature, moft excellent, mofb tem- 
 perate, the firongeff, the gentlefl and 
 moft healthful ; and tho* they may 
 have any Difeafe, yet they are natu- 
 rally inclined to no Difeafe ; but what- 
 fbever Diftemper comes upon them, 
 it h accidental, and not from any 
 overflo^v of natural Diftemperature. 
 
 ' 0/ 
 
c o 
 
 ( i3S) 
 
 C O 
 
 0/ the Colour of Horfes, 
 
 A modern Author objects againft 
 the Notion that mod Wrireis have 
 entertain'd concerning the different 
 Colours of Hories, as depending up- 
 on the Predominancy of their Hu- 
 mours, that it is very abfurd, and can 
 only lerve to lead Perfons into Error. 
 
 And whereas they have thence at- 
 tributed White to 'Phlegm, Black to 
 Melancholly, the Sorrel to Bile or 
 Choler, and the Bay to Blood: And 
 thence have drawn thefe Conclullon?, 
 that thole Horfes are the beft that 
 participate of an even and uniform 
 Mixture of all thofe Colours, which 
 denote an equality of the fame Hu- 
 mours ; and thcfe are according to 
 Solleyfell and fome of our beft Au- 
 thors, the dappled Grey, the dark and 
 burnt Sorrel, the dark and brovi>n 
 Bay and dappled Bay. the Roan with 
 a dark Head, and the Flea-bitten or 
 Starling Colour i there feems to be 
 very little reafbn for them, and that 
 they are but refined and empty Spe- 
 culations. 
 
 For tho' there is in all Animal Bo- 
 dies, Humours that have been diftin- 
 guifhed by thole Appellations ; yet 
 we are very 1-ar at a Lofs to know 
 how far thefe predominate or in- 
 fluence themj and whether they can 
 be rightly apply'd to the Colour of 
 Horfes is all together a Myftery. Ef- 
 pecialiy fince the fame does not hold 
 any Correfpondence with other Ani- 
 mals: For what reafon fliould there 
 be why a red Sorrel Horfe fhould be 
 of a cholerick Conftituiion more 
 than a red Cow, or that a black 
 Horfe (liould participate more of Me- 
 knchoily, than a black Dog, or a 
 black Oxe. 
 
 Tho' it is known by Experience 
 that white and dun Horfes, and alfo 
 jet black, and thofe that approach the 
 nearefl to thofe Colours are com- 
 monly faint and wafhyj and that on 
 the other Hand, the dappled Grey ^ the 
 
 dark or burnt Scrrel, 2cc. and thofe 
 that approach neareft to them are 
 ordinarily the beft: Yet all this may 
 be better accounted for than by the 
 Humours ; as thofe Colours are a 
 kind of Medium between the two 
 Extremes of li^ht and dark, and fo 
 may denote a more exadl Tempera- 
 ture both of the Fluids and Solids, 
 than when the Colour of a Horlc ap- 
 proaches too far to the one or the o- 
 ther; but even this is not always to 
 be depended on. 
 
 COMPLICATION. 
 A Complication of Dileafes is when 
 the Body labours under divers Dif- 
 tempers at a time, and efpecially if 
 they have any affinity to one ano- 
 ther. 
 
 COMPRESS. 
 
 Comprefs is the way by which Far- 
 riers do with Bolflers, i^c. fuit their 
 Bandages to any particular Part or 
 Purpofe, 
 
 TO CONGLUTINATE. 
 
 * Iris lilyrica beaten and lifted, 
 ' mixed with Honey, Currans and 
 
 * Pepper, and given a Horfe ^o drink 
 ' with Wine and Oil, conglutinares 
 
 * any inward Rupture or Burftnefs 
 ' whatfocver. 
 
 ' Dragant, Sa_ffron, the Fruit of the 
 ' Fi'ne^ v/irh the Yolks of Ejgs given 
 
 * to drink with irine and Oil. will 
 ' cono^lutinatc any inward Member 
 ' or Vein broken. 
 
 * Incenfe and Ma/tick cut, will do 
 
 * the fame ; and Poligimo boiled in 
 ' Wine, and given to drink, is good 
 
 * likewifc. 
 
 * The Roots and Seed of Afpara- 
 
 * gm boiled in Water, given to a 
 
 * Horle, and three Days after, if But- 
 
 * ter and Honey, Opopana.x and Myrrh 
 
 * be given him, will conglutinate a- 
 
 * ny inward Ulcer or Rupture. 
 
 CONGLUTINATION. 
 Conglutination is the uniting Parts 
 together by means of their natural 
 K 4 Moifture, 
 
CO (I 
 
 Moirrure,and the help of Bandage, or 
 by the fupplv of vifcid Particles. 
 CONSISTENCE. 
 
 Confijlence is the particular deforce 
 of hardneft or fotrnefs of anv Bod v. 
 OF THE CONSUMPTION OF 
 THE FLESH. 
 
 This Difeale is a general falling a- 
 way of the whole Body, or a waf- 
 ting of the Fjeni. which proceeds 
 from divers Caafes; as inward Sur- 
 feits by bad food, or unclean, moiil 
 Lodgirig,or elptciaily from difbrderly 
 Labour, ns by takinc^ great and fud- 
 den Colds after violent Hca: s or the 
 likei all which raufe the wafting or 
 failing away of the Fiefh. 
 
 The Signs are] An unnatural and 
 caukiefs Leannels, a dry and hard 
 Skin, cleaving hard to his Sides, want 
 of Appetite, a fa'ling away of the 
 FiJet^s and a genera! Confunnption of 
 Buttocks and Shoulders. 
 
 The Cure.] ■ The Anticnts ufcd to 
 
 * boii a Sheep's-head unflay'd in lix 
 
 * Quarts of Ale or running Water, 
 
 * tif the Flefh be boiled off from the 
 ' Bones, then they (trained ir thro' a 
 
 * Cloth, and added to it half a Pound 
 
 * of Sugar ; Cinnamon, Ccnferve of 
 
 * Rofes, Barberries and Cherries of 
 
 * each an Ounce ; thcfe all being 
 
 * mixed together, they gave a Quart 
 
 * of it lukewarm to the Horie every 
 
 * Morning fafting, till tvvo Sheep 's- 
 
 * head? have been ufed ,• and after e- 
 
 * very tirr.e he drank, cauied him to 
 
 * be gently walked, or ridden up and 
 
 * down, according to his Strength, 
 
 * and that abroad, if the Weather 
 
 * were warm, if not, in fbme co- 
 
 * vered Places he is not to drink for 
 
 * two Hours after the takinr^ it, nor 
 
 * drink cold Water for fifteen Days. 
 « Give him what Food or Provender 
 
 * he likes beft, but by a little at a 
 
 * time; becaufe a Glut of ir would 
 ^ take away his Appetite, and the Nu- 
 
 * tnment which fliould proceed from 
 « whoiefome Feeding. 
 
 36 ) CO 
 
 CONSUMPTION, or DRY 
 
 MALADY. 
 
 Defcription and Caufe.] This is a 
 Wafting of the Lungs, which gene- 
 rally proceeds from Coids and Sur- 
 feits, which not being minded, taints 
 the Lungs. 
 
 Tioe Signs ?^ The Flefh and ftrong 
 Eftate of the Body of the Horfe, will 
 conlume and w.ifte away, his Belly 
 will be gaunt, his Back-bone hid, and 
 his Skin ftretched or flirunk up, £0 
 that i^' you ftrike upon him with 
 your Hand, it will found hollow like 
 a Taber ; his Hair will hardly (hed, 
 and he will either utterly refufe his 
 Meat, or if he eats it, it will not 
 digeft, nor will he thrive or get 
 Fkfti; tho' he attempts to cough he 
 cannot, except faintly, as tho' he had 
 eaten fmall Bones, 
 
 The Cure.] * Purge the Horfe's 
 
 * Head with fuch Fumes and Pills as 
 
 * are good for the Glanders, then 
 ' give him Colervorts chopt fmall 
 ' with his Provender, and now and 
 ' then the Blood of a f^jcking Pig 
 ' warm. 
 
 ' Others inftead of the Blood give 
 < the Juice of Leshs, mixt wirh 0/7 
 
 * and ^ine, or elie M^me and Fran- 
 
 * kincenfe, or Sallet Oil, and the Juice 
 
 * of Rue mixt together. 
 
 * Purge his Body clean, with com- 
 ' fortable and gentle Purges, and then 
 
 * to let him run at Grafs a Winter 
 
 * and Summer, and he will certain- 
 « ly either mend or end, for ianguifli 
 
 * long he cannot. 
 
 CONTAGION. 
 Contagion is the communicating or 
 transferring a Difeafe from one Body 
 to another, by certain Steams or Ef- 
 fluvia tranfmitted from a fick Body, 
 CONTORSION. 
 Contorfion is the twifting a Mem- 
 ber from its natural Situation. 
 CONTRA INDICATION. 
 Contra Indication is an Indication 
 which forbids that to be done, whidi 
 
c o 
 
 ( 137) 
 
 c o 
 
 the main Scope of a Difcafe points 
 out at firft. 
 
 CONTRAYERVA. 
 
 Contrayerzia. It is of a redifh Co- 
 lour, rough and wrinkled, having 
 many fmall Fibres fhooting from it, 
 ibmething refembling thofe in fome 
 Radifhes. It is very good in all ma- 
 lignant and pe/lilential Fevers, and to 
 a Horfe of Va'ue may be given in 
 Powder with any proper Liquid to 
 jthe Quantity of half an Ounce, or 
 made up in'^o a PaOie with Flour and 
 Liquorice Powdery or it may be gi- 
 ven in a lefTer Qiiantity when mixed 
 with other Ingredients of the fame 
 Intention. 
 
 CONTUSION. 
 
 A Contufion is a Bruife which flag- 
 nates the Juices in the Capillaries for 
 ibme time. 
 
 CONVULSION. 
 
 ConvulJJon is an involuntary Con- 
 tra6lion of the Fibres and Mufcles, 
 whereby the Body and Limbs are 
 preternaturally diftorted. 
 
 COPPERAS WATER. 
 
 * Put a Quart of fair Water into 
 
 * a clean Skiller, and put to it four 
 
 * Ounces of green Copperas ^ half a 
 < Handful of common Salt, and half 
 « a Spoonful of Honey, and a Sprig 
 
 * of Rofe7?7ary, boil them till one half 
 
 * is wafted, and juft before you take 
 
 * it off the Fire, put in a Bit of Al- 
 
 * lum as big as a Hazle Nut, then 
 
 * take it offand drain it, and when 
 
 * it is cold, put it into a Glafs Bot- 
 f tie, and keep it clofe ilopt for ufe. 
 
 When you are about to drefs a 
 Sore, firft wafh it with this Water, 
 and if the Wound be deep, in j eft it 
 with a Syringe. 
 
 This Water is good to cure any 
 Sore or Wound, but it is better when 
 a Sore has been wafh'd with it, to 
 ufe the green Ointment after it. See 
 p'mimer^t. 
 
 CO R A L, 
 
 Red Coral is an Excrefccnce, or as 
 fome will have it a fort of Plant 
 growing at the Bottom of the Sea 
 on fmall Rocks in many Places in 
 the Mediterranean. It arifes like a 
 Weed or Shrub, and is not very hard 
 before it is, gathered and expofed to 
 the Air, but then becomes harder 
 than Marble it felf. Being reduc'd to 
 a very fine Powder, it is efteemed as 
 a great Sweetener of the Juices of 
 the Stomach, and is adminiftred with 
 good Succefs in all Defluxions, Loofe- 
 nefTes and IfTues of Blood. 
 
 CORDIAL. 
 
 All thofe things are tcrm'd Cor- 
 dials which raife the Spirits, and give 
 fudden Strength and Chearfulnefs, or 
 Comfort the Heart. 
 
 TO CURE THE CORDS. 
 
 The Cords are a Difeafe which fo 
 affefts a Horfe that he can neither 
 lift up his Head to the Rack, nor put 
 his Head to the Ground, no not to 
 his Knees. 
 
 It proceeds from an extreme Cold, 
 that lodges in the Stomach, and cau- 
 feth the Cords to fet and fhrink quite 
 up, fo that a Hor{e can neither life 
 his Head up nor down j but only eat 
 his Meat out of the Crib; it makes a 
 Horfe afraid to lie down ; and if he 
 is once kid he cannot riie. 
 
 The Cure.'] Firft make a com- 
 fortable Drink thus : * Take a Pint 
 
 * and half of ftrong Beer, a quarter 
 
 * of a Pint of White-wine Vinegar, 
 
 * and put in two Ounces of Honey ^ 
 
 * and two Ounces of frefh Buttery 
 
 * an Ounce ot Annifeeds beaten fmall, 
 
 * half an Ounce of Diapente,ar\d three 
 ' Penny-worth of Engli/I} Saffron, 
 ' which dry before the Fire in a Pa- 
 « per, and crumble it fmall with your 
 
 * Fingers, fet them on the Fire till 
 
 * the Butter and Honey are melted^ 
 
 * then take them off, and give it the 
 I Horfe lukewarm fading, and then 
 
 * either 
 
CO (I 
 
 ' either ride or walk him till he is 
 
 * warm, then put him up in the Sta- 
 
 * ble, and tie him up to the Bit for 
 
 * five or fix Hours, being well cloth- 
 
 * ed and littered, afterwards give him 
 
 * a little Hay, and then a Mafli ; but 
 
 * no other warm Water that Night. 
 
 * The next Morning give him ano- 
 
 * ther Mafh, and about nine or ten a 
 
 * Clock wa m Water and Bran, and 
 
 * keep him thus for four or five 
 
 * Days. 
 
 When you cut him, it muft be 
 done atthever^ Bottom of the Bread j 
 there you w;l] fee the Vein, and un- 
 der the Vein lies the great Sinew, as 
 big as the Pipe of a Tobacco-pipe 
 jufl by the infide to the Top of his 
 Leg. Diaw the Skin afide that lies 
 over the Vein, and cut that part of 
 the Skin an Inch or better, which 
 may juft fall upon the Vein again. 
 Having cut this, with the Point of 
 your Cornet Horn, make a little way, 
 and you will perceive a little blue 
 Film lye over the Vein j this you 
 mufl: chafe In pieces with the Point 
 of the Cornet Horn til you can fee 
 the Vein, then draw the Vein afide 
 with one Hai d, and put the End of 
 the Cornet Horn under the Sinew, 
 and raile it up with it above the Skin, 
 and cut it quite aiundcr,3nd let it go, 
 snd put a little Butter and Salt into 
 the Wound, and then iieal it up wirh 
 healing Salves walk him for a Week 
 twice a Day for an Hour at a time. 
 
 If you find by the Operation of 
 the firft Drink that the Cold breaks 
 at his Nofirils, then give him the 
 fame Drink agn-'n at the diftance of 
 three or four Days between each 
 Drink, and order as before directed. 
 
 If there be occafion, give him a 
 third Drink. It is an extreme Cold 
 that O.uts the Cords 5 and the Drink 
 will break the Cold, and the Horfe 
 will do well, and fiir his Head again 
 h^^ % frort time. G. 'foch. 
 
 38) 
 
 c o 
 
 CORNERS. 
 
 Corners or Angles of the Volte, are 
 the Extremities of the four Lines of 
 the Volte, when you work in a 
 Square: Terms ufed are; To make 
 the foui Corners 5 To v ork upon the 
 four Corners. See Fo:ir and square. 
 CORNER TEETH. 
 
 The Corner Teeth of a Horle are 
 the four Teeth, which are placed be- 
 tween the middling Teeth and the 
 Tufhes i and are two above and two 
 below, on each Side of the Jaw, 
 which n-cot forth when the Horfc 
 is four Yea s 2vA a half old. 
 CORNET. 
 
 The Cornet-) or Coronet or Cronet 
 of a Horfe is the loweft Parr of his 
 Paftern that runs round the Coffin, 
 and is diftinguiflied by the Hair that 
 joins and cov^ers the upper Part of 
 the Hoof. 
 
 The Coronet of a Horie fliould 
 fcarcely be elevated above ihe Hoof; 
 but appear only by the difference of 
 the Hair, which in a beautiful Foot 
 is finely xveav'd. 
 
 When the Coronet is large, it de- 
 notes an over great Relaxation and 
 Moifture in thar Part, which is apt 
 to ulcerate, and fcmetimes it is a 
 Sign that the Foot is over much 
 dr/d. 
 
 CORRECTOR. 
 
 A Correcior is fuch an Ingredient 
 in a Compofirion, as guards againll 
 or abates the force of another. 
 C O R V E T S. 
 
 Corvets are Leaps of an indifferent 
 height, which a Horfe makes in rai- 
 fing firfl his two Fore-legs in the 
 Air, and making the two Hinder- 
 feet follow with an equal Cadence i 
 io that the Haunches go down toge- 
 ther after the Fore-feet have touch'd 
 the Earth, in continual and regular 
 Reprizes. 
 
 Terms 
 
CO ( 139 ) 
 
 Terms ufed arc, A Horfe that's put 
 to the Air oFCorvets; a Horfc that 
 makes Corvers; that works at Cor^ 
 vets, that takes to Corvets of him- 
 feif. 
 
 That Horfe beats the Dufl: in his 
 Corvets tor he plays them too faft 
 and too low. This Horfe has been 
 work'd in Corvets with Co little 
 Care, that he has got a Jardon. Since 
 this Hnrfe has got the Spavin, he'll 
 abate his Corvets from the greateft 
 height, for it being a dry Spavin, it 
 will make him life his Legs. 
 COSTIVENESS. 
 
 If a Horfe be Cojiiva in his Body, 
 ' Make a Decotlion of Marjlj-mal- 
 
 * lows, take one Quart of it, put to 
 
 * it half a Pint of Sallef-Oil, or half 
 ' a Pound of fre(Jj Butter, of Bene- 
 
 * diBd Laxativa an Ounce; give the 
 
 * Horfe this in a Glyfter : Then clap 
 
 * his Tail to his Tuel, and hold it 
 
 * clofe, and make him keep it for 
 ' half an Hour at lead, and when it 
 
 * has worked, give bim a fweet 
 
 * Mafli, and keep him to Mafhes and 
 
 * white Water for two or three 
 
 * Days. 
 
 COUCHED, See VOLTE 
 COUGHED. 
 
 A COUGH. 
 
 Definition ] A Cofigh is a Motion 
 of the Lungs raifed naturally from 
 its expulfive Power, to caft out the 
 hurtful Caufe. 
 
 The Caufe.] A Cough is faid to 
 proceed from a Diftention of the 
 Lungs, whereby the Paflages of Re- 
 fpiration are ftreighrened, or eTe from 
 a Defluxion of Rheum, from the 
 Kernels of the Wind pipe, which 
 are then relaxed and diftended j Far- 
 liers diftinguifh a Coueh into Ti^et and 
 i^ry, and when the Difcharges from 
 thence are pretty confiderable, they 
 call it a wet Cough j but when a 
 Horfe coughs v/ithout difcharging 
 much, the/ call i: a dry Cough,' and 
 
 c o 
 
 the latter they account a bad Prog-, 
 noflick. 
 
 But a dry Cough is not (as they 
 imagine) always a bad Prognoftick; 
 for it often happens in the beginning 
 of a Cold, being only caufed by the 
 Oppreflion of the Lungs, the fmall 
 Veffels that are towards the Extremi- 
 ties of them being over- charged Co 
 as to hinder the Air which the Horfe 
 draws in from penetrating through 
 the whole Subf^ance of them ; and 
 by being repuifed back again on a 
 fudden, caufes him to Cough. 
 
 The fame Symptoms alfo often ap- 
 pear in narrow chefted Horfes upon 
 having taken a flight Cold ; but if a 
 dry husky Cough does continue after 
 the common Symptoms of a Cold 
 are gone, then there is great reafon 
 to fufpecl, that it will be of ill Con- 
 fequence, as being the Fore-runner of 
 a Confumption. 
 
 The Cure.'] See the Article Cold; 
 as for the Cough give him the fol- 
 lowing Drench : 
 
 ' DifTolve a quarter of a Pound of 
 
 * Spanifl) Liquor ice, and two Ounces 
 ' of Sugiir-Cizmly in a Pint of Hyffop- 
 < water ; take of Elec.zmpane Roots, 
 ' Birthroort round or long, and Gen- 
 
 * t:a.n, of each half an Ounce; Lin- 
 
 * feed and Fenugr eel-- feeds y of each 
 
 * three Drams; Cianamomn^ Galin- 
 
 * gal, of each two Drams; povv-dcr 
 ' them, and mix them v/ith the H)f- 
 
 * fop-water, and put to rhem a Pint 
 
 * of IVtKc or Ale, and give it the 
 
 * Horfe in a Horn. 
 Repeat this once a Day till the 
 
 Cold is loofened, and the Horfe be- 
 gins to feed heartily, and his E3'e3 
 look bri?k and lively, and the Mat- 
 ter at his Nofc fif he runs there) 
 grov/s thick and well digefted. Or, 
 ' Boil three or four Heads of white 
 ' Poppies, two Handfuls o^ Colts- foot, 
 ' four Ounces of Lmfeed in three 
 ' Pints of Water, till one is wafl-ed; 
 
 * then put to it a quarter of a Pound 
 
 • of 
 
c o 
 
 ( 140 ) 
 
 c o 
 
 * of Spanif^j Liquorice, diflblved in 
 
 * tiyjjop-water as dire£led above j and 
 
 * add to it the Powders in the for- 
 
 * mer Receipt. 
 
 Solleyfell recommends the follow- 
 ing Pov\der: 
 
 * Take Bay-berries^ Gentian, round 
 
 * Birth-vporty Myrrhy Floxper-de-lucey 
 
 * Shavings of Harts, horn, and Ele- 
 *■ campane-feeds, and Sa-^in, of each 
 ' two Ounces ; Cinnamon half an 
 
 * Ounce, Flowers of Corn Poppies 
 
 * dry'd, two Ounces, and Cloves two 
 
 * Drams : Give for a Doe of this 
 
 * two Ounces, having been infufed all 
 
 * Night in Wine. 
 
 Or you may give one of Marh- 
 harr/'s Horie Balls in a Morning for 
 feveral Days togethei-. See the Com- 
 pofition in Article B. 
 
 For a dry Cough, (Jjortncfs of Breath, 
 or Purfvenefs. 
 
 * Cut a piece of the white Fat or 
 
 * Lard of Bacon four Fingers long, 
 
 * and near two Fingers thick both 
 
 * ways, then make holes in it with 
 
 * a Knife, and ftop them with as 
 < many Cloves of Garlick as you can 
 
 * conveniently get in ; then having 
 
 * Amnfeedsy Liquorice, Brimjlone and 
 
 * Sugar-candy alJ in Powder, and equal 
 
 * Quantities mixed together, roll the 
 
 * Bacon in this Mixture, and give it 
 ' the Horfe in a Morning faflmg 
 
 * till you perceive an Amendment, 
 
 * and ride him after it, and fprinkje 
 
 * his Hay with Water. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Take Annifeeds, Fenugreek, Juice 
 
 * of Liquorice, long Pepper, London 
 
 * Treacle and Turmerich, of each an 
 
 * Ounce; reduce the hard Simples 
 
 * into Pov/der, and add to them Ho- 
 
 * ney and Sugar-candy, of each two 
 
 * Ounces; incorporate all together, 
 
 * and make it into Balls about the 
 
 * bignefs of a Pullet's Egg, and ^ive 
 
 the Horfe two or three of them in 
 a Morning fafting, and alfo two 
 new-laid Eggs after them ; and at 
 Noon give him a Mafli, keep him 
 warm, repeat this the fecond or 
 third timie. 
 
 For a defperate dry Cough. 
 
 * Take of burnt Sack a Pint, ReJ. 
 Wine Vinegar and Sallet-Oil, of 
 both a quarter of a Pint, Fenugreek, 
 Liquorice, long Pepper and Turme- 
 rick, all powdered, of each a Spoon- 
 ful; give it the Horfe half at one 
 Noflril, and half at the other ; repeat 
 this twice a Week, and ride him 
 after it, keeping him fading for 
 two Hours, and keep his Head and 
 Breaft warm. 
 
 Another for a dry Cough or rotten 
 Lungs. 
 
 * Take Fleeampane, Flour of Brim- 
 fione. Fennel-feeds, Linfeed and Li- 
 quorice all powdered, of each aa 
 Ounce, and mix all well together 
 in a Pound of clarified Honey; put 
 two Ounces of this into a Pint of 
 f-weet IVine, and give it the Horfe 
 
 Moriiing and Evening, and ridehirn 
 after it, and let him faft an Hour 
 after riding. 
 
 Another. 
 
 ' Slice a Handful of Rue very 
 fmall, and boil it in a Quart of 
 new Milk, till a fourth part is waf- 
 ted, then add Annifeeds and Liquo- 
 rice finely powdered, of each two 
 Spoonfuls, and the fame Quantiry 
 of Treacle, and a piece ot fweet 
 Butter ; give it the Horie luke- 
 warm. Keep him fading for two 
 Hours after it, then give him a 
 Mafli of fweet Malt, and then 
 Hay. 
 
c o 
 
 ( 141 ) 
 
 c o 
 
 "for a Cough of the Lungs, ftrangling 
 in the Guts, and to clear his Pipes, 
 and enlarge his Breafi. 
 
 If the Horfe be defigned to hunt 
 or run, then about a Week before, 
 give him this Drench. 
 
 * Take a piece of Butter as large 
 ' as a Turkeys Egg, beat it in a Mor- 
 ' tar with the Powder of Anmfeeds 
 ' and Liquorice, of each a quarter of 
 ' an Ounce, and a little Flour of 
 ' Brimfione; divide this into three 
 ' parts, and make each hollow like a 
 ' Pye, and put a Spoonful of Syrup 
 ' of Horehound into each of them, 
 ' and clofe them up : Then having 
 ' made a Quart oFftrong Beer warm, 
 ' fill a Horn, and put one of thefe 
 ' Balls in it, and throw it down the 
 ' Horfe's Throat, pouring down two 
 ' Hornfuls of Beer to wafh it down, 
 ' to clear his Paflage for the remain- 
 
 * ing Balls. 
 
 A wet Cough or Catarrh. 
 
 The Signs of this Diftemper are. 
 A Horfe after coughing will always 
 caft out either Water or Matter out 
 of his Ncftrils, or with his Teeth 
 champ or chaw the 'hick Matter he 
 cafterh out of his Throat : He will 
 alfo often cough without Intermif- 
 fion, and when he coughs, he will 
 not much bow down his Head j nor 
 abftain from his Meat: And when he 
 drinks, fome of the Water will iffue 
 out of his Noftrils, his Eyes v/ill 
 look red and fwoln. 
 
 The Cure.] * Keep him very v/arm, 
 ' then give him hot Drinks and Spi- 
 
 * ces, ^^Sack ox flrong Ale, in which 
 
 * is put Cinnamon, Cloves, Ginger, 
 
 * Trep.cle, long Peppery and Srvine's- 
 
 * greafe, or f-weet Oil, or froeet But- 
 ' ter. 
 
 ' Some mix a good Quantity of 
 
 * Behjcimin, with the Yolk of an Egg, 
 
 * and putting it into an EgjT-fl">ell, 
 
 * put it down the Horfe's Throat, and 
 
 then ride him moderately for j 
 quarter of an Hour. 
 'Some boil a Peck of Barley in 
 two or three Gallons of running 
 Water, till the Barley is burff, and 
 alio Annifeedsy Liquorice and Rat' 
 Jins, of each a Pound 5 then ftrain 
 it, and put a Pint of Honey, and a 
 quarter of- a Pound of Sugar-candy 
 to it- and keep it in a Pot clofe to 
 ferve the Horfe for four feveral 
 Mornings, and keep the Horfe 
 warm. As for the Barley and 9- 
 ther Ingredients, they may be made 
 hot every Day to perfume the Horfe 
 withal in a clofe Bag, and if he 
 eats it, it is fo much the better j af- 
 ter this he fhould have moderate 
 Exercifc, and drink no cold Water 
 till his Cough abates, and as it a- 
 bates, fo the Water may be warmed 
 the Ms. 
 
 If by the heavinefs of the Horfe's 
 Head, or the ratling of his Noflrils, 
 you perceive that the Cough pro- 
 ceeded moil from the flopping of 
 his Head, * Give him three or four 
 
 * good round Pills of Butter and Gar- 
 
 * lick well kneaded together, for four 
 ' or five Mornings, and then ride 
 
 * him moderately for an Hour, 
 
 A dry Cough. 
 
 This is a grofs and tough Humour, 
 which cleaves hard to the hollow Pla- 
 ces of the Lungs j which flops the 
 Wind-pipe, fo that the Horfe can 
 hardly draw his Breath. 
 
 It proceeds from ill Government, 
 from the Rheum which diffils from 
 the Head, and falls down to the 
 Bread, and there the Horfe is enforced 
 to caft it out. 
 
 The Signs.'] If you give him hot 
 Meats, as fpiced Bread, Straw, dry 
 Hay, or fach like, this will encreafe 
 his extreme couij;hing ; and if he 
 eat cold and moifl Meats, as Grafs, 
 Forage, Grains, and fuch like, the 
 Cough will abate and be lefs. Tho* 
 
 he 
 
c o 
 
 ( I40 
 
 c o 
 
 he coughs but feldom, yet when he 
 does, it is violently and long toge- 
 txher, and driiy with a hollow Sound 
 from his Cheft. He alfo bows his 
 Head down to the Ground, and while 
 he coughs forfakes his Meat, yet ne- 
 ver cafts our any thing, either at his 
 Mouth or Noflrils. 
 
 This fort of Cough, if neglefted, 
 and not taken in time, will be incu- 
 rable, and denotes a broken Wind. 
 
 The Cure.] ' Put three Pints of 
 ' the ftrongefl; Vinegar, four Esgs, 
 
 * Shells, and all unbroken, and four 
 
 * Heads of G,Tr//c.(', pilled and bruifed 
 
 * into a clofe earthen Pot, and fet the 
 « Pot into a warm Dung-hill for 24, 
 
 * Hours, then take it out and open 
 
 * it, and take out the Eggs which 
 ' will be as foft as Silk, and lay them 
 
 * by, and ftrain the Liquor through 
 
 * a Linen Cloth, and add to it four 
 
 * Ounces of Honey, and two Ounces 
 
 * of Sugar-ccndy \ Liquorice and An- 
 
 * 'nifeeds, of each two Ounces, fine- 
 
 * ly powdered ; and having kept the 
 ' Horfe all Night fafting, the next 
 ' Morning with a Drench-flaff, ^c. 
 ' put one of the Eggs down the 
 
 * Horfe's Throat, and after itaHorn- 
 
 * ful of the Drink aforefaid being 
 
 * made lukewarm ; then give him 
 ' another Egg, and another Hornful 
 
 * till he has taken three or all four. 
 
 * Then clothe him warm, keep him 
 
 * upon the Bridle for two Hours, and 
 ' afterwards give him either Oafs, 
 
 * Hay or Grnfs ; but by no means 
 ' give him any Hay, but what has 
 « been fprinklc'd with Water. Then 
 
 * let him have cold Water for the 
 ' fpace of nine Days. And if you 
 
 * have given the Horfe but three Eggs 
 
 * the firft Morning, give him the 
 
 * fourth, and the remainder of the 
 
 * Drink the next Morning. 
 
 ' If }0u do not find the Cough to 
 
 * wear away, then purge his Head 
 
 * with Pills proper for the Head. 
 
 * Keep him fafting for three Hours 
 
 after he has taken his Pills, warm 
 clothed and littered in the Stable, 
 you muft alfo give him now and 
 then a warm IVlafli, and trot him 
 moderately abroad once a Day. 
 ' Some tor this dry Cough, boil 
 Lady's Mantle, Lions- foot, Smallage 
 and Spurge, of each a like Quanti- 
 ty in a Quart of old I^'ine or run- 
 ning Water, till fome part of it is 
 wafted away, and then give it the 
 Horfe to drink. . 
 
 * The Juice of the Herbs given in 
 Wine is as good. 
 
 ' Others make a fort of Pills of 
 v^'hite Currants and Hoyiey of equal 
 Quantities, of Marjoram two Oun- 
 ces, of Penny-royal an Ounce, of 
 frefh Grea/e five Pounds, and nine 
 Heads of Garlick, and having melt- 
 ed that which is to be melted, and 
 pounded that which is to be pound- 
 ed, the Pills being made, they dip 
 them in Honey, and give the Horfe 
 this in four or five Days. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take four or five Roots of Ra- 
 dijl:es, four Heads of Garlick, for- 
 ty Grains of Pepper, and five Oun- 
 ces of fweet Butter, and flamp 
 them all well together, and give 
 the F^orfe a Ball of it every Day 
 for a Week together j keeping him 
 fafting for two Hours after it. 
 
 A good Receipt for a wet Cough. 
 
 * Take Myrrh, Galbantim, Herica, 
 Iris, and Opoponax, of each two 
 Ounces i of Turpentine four Oun- 
 ces, of red Storax three Ounces, 
 Opium and Hen- bane, of each half 
 an Ounce i and after you have pow- 
 dered them very fine, give the Horfe 
 two or three Spoonfuls in a Pint 
 of old WinCi or a Quart of Ale. 
 
 Another. 
 
 ' Take Oil de B^y and fweet But- 
 ter, of each half a Pound, of Gxr- 
 « lick 
 
CO (14 
 
 lick a Pound, and beat them with 
 a wooden Peftle, not pilling rheGar- 
 licky and then put in the Oil and 
 Butter; this make into Balls with 
 a little Wheat-pur, and give the 
 
 ■ Horfe three or four Balls of it, as 
 
 ■ big as Walnuts every Morning for 
 = a Week and more, keeping the 
 ' Horfe from Meat for three Hours, 
 
 ■ and from Drink till Night, and 
 '- then the Drink mufl: be warm, and 
 = his Meat may be either Grafs or 
 f Hay fprink'ed with Water : As for 
 
 * his Provender, that ought to be 
 ' Oats with Fenugreek fprinkled a- 
 •' mong it. 
 
 And if the Cough is not per- 
 ceived to abate in a Fortnight, keep 
 him to the fame Phyfick and Diet 
 for a Week longer. 
 
 Another. 
 
 • Take three Spoonfuls of fwept 
 
 * Butter, and as much Tar, and work 
 ' them well together with the fine 
 ' Powder of Liquo^'ice, Anmfeeds and 
 
 * Sugar -cancl-j, till it is reduced to a 
 ' hard Pafte, then make it into three 
 ' round Balls, and put four or ft /e 
 
 * Cloves of- Garlich into each Ball, 
 ' and give them to the riorfc, and 
 
 * warm him with riding, both be- 
 
 * fore he has taken them, and after ; 
 ' give it fading, and let him faft two 
 ' Hours after it. 
 
 A?mher. 
 
 ' Take a piece four Inches long of 
 « the v/hite Lard of Bacon, and about 
 
 * two Fingers broad, and two Fin- 
 
 * gers thick, make holes in it with 
 
 * a Knife, and flop it with as many 
 
 * Cloves of Garlich as you can v/cU 
 
 * get in : Then roll it in the Powder 
 
 * of Liquorice, Aw^ifeeJs, Sugar-candy 
 
 * and Brimjlone, all equally mixed to- 
 
 * gether, and give it the Horfe in a 
 
 * Morning fafling at leafl twice a 
 
 * Week continually, and ride him af- 
 
 * ter it, and take care that all the 
 
 3 ) 
 
 C O 
 
 « Hay he eats be finely fprinkled with 
 « Water. 
 
 The heji of Medicines for a dry 
 Cough. 
 
 * Take two Ounces of Syrup of 
 
 * Colts-foot, the ?owdeT of Annifeeds, 
 ' Elecampane and Liquorice, of each 
 ' half an Ounce, of Sugar- candy an 
 ' Ounce; work the Syrup, Powders 
 
 * and Sugar candy into a fliff Pafte, 
 ' and make Pills or fmall Balls of it, 
 
 * and roll them in an Ounce of Su- 
 ' gar-candy, and give it to the Horfe 
 
 * falling, and exercife him gently for 
 
 * an Hour after it. Repeat this for 
 ' feveral Mornings till you find an 
 ' Amendment. 
 
 COUNTER. 
 
 The Counter of a Horfe is that 
 part of a Horfe's Fore-hand that lies 
 between the Shoulder and under the 
 Neck. 
 
 The Counter of a Horfe fbmc fay, 
 fhould be full and large, for that al- 
 ways denotes Strength and Cornell- 
 nefs. 
 
 Mr. Solleyfell does not prefer a 
 Tlanders Horfe for being too large in 
 the Counter, becaufe they are there- 
 by rendrcd the more heavy and un- 
 adive; but being Ho'fes chiefly de- 
 fign'd for drav/ing, this may not be 
 to be found fault with ; and tho' a 
 large Horfe that is narrow on the 
 Brcafl: may be more adive, yet it is 
 probable and likely that he will be 
 faulty in fbme other refpe£f, as fome- 
 tim.es the narrownefs in the Chell: is 
 the Caufe of the Imperfedion in a 
 Hone's Wind. 
 
 COUNTER-MARK'D. 
 A Horfe is faid to be counter- 
 mark' d, when his Corner- teeth are 
 artificially made hollow, by a Farrier 
 with his Graver, a falfe Mark being 
 made in the hollow Place, in Imita- 
 tion of the Eye of a Bean; to con- 
 ceal the Horfc-'s Age, and to make 
 
 him 
 
c o 
 
 ( H4 ) 
 
 C R 
 
 him appear not to be above Cix Years 
 old. 
 
 The way they make the Cavity or 
 hollow black immediately after they 
 have engraved ir, is by putting a little 
 double Ink into it, and there lettif^g 
 it dry, which will remain as long as 
 the Teeth continue hollow. Some 
 burn a Grain of Rye in the hollows 
 of the Teeth with a red hot Iron, 
 which makes them perfeaiy black ; 
 for there comes a kind of Oil from 
 the Rye, which by the burning 
 cleaves extremely clofe and faft to 
 the hollows of the Teeth, which are 
 newly cut. 
 
 One way to difcover this Cheat 
 may oftentimes be difcovered by 
 Marks or Scratches of the Graver 
 made on the Teeth by the flipping 
 of the Graver ; the Horfe not ftand- 
 ing quietly while it is done. 
 COUNTER-POISE. 
 
 The Counter-poife or Balance of a 
 Horfe's Body is the liberty of A6^ion 
 and the Seat of a Horfe-man, which 
 is acquired by pradifing in the Ma- 
 nage: So that in all the Motions the 
 Horfe rnakes, the Horfe-man does 
 not incline his Body more to one 
 fide than to the other, but continues 
 in the middle of the Saddle, bearing 
 equally on his Stirrups, that he may 
 give the Horfe the feafonable and pro- 
 per Aids. 
 
 COUNTER-TIME. 
 
 Counter-time is the Defence or Re- 
 fiftance of a Horfe that intenupts 
 his Cadence, and the Meafure of his 
 Manage. This is occafioned either by 
 a bad Horfe-man, or the ill Temper 
 of the Horie. 
 
 Terms ufed. This leaping Horie 
 has rriade two or three Counter -times, 
 and inftead of raifing his Fore -quar- 
 ters, has continued to yerk behind. 
 That Horfe has broke the juftnefs of 
 his Manage by his Counter-times 5 and 
 his Rider has feconded the Aids of 
 the Heels but forrily. 
 
 COUNTESS'S OINTMENT. 
 * Boil two Pounds of Honey in a 
 
 * Pint of Aqua VitA in a clean glas'd 
 
 * earthen VefTel o' er a very gentle 
 
 * Fire, keeping continually ftirring 
 ' with a Slice, till the Honey is tho- 
 
 * roughly heated, and incorporated 
 ' with the Aqua Vit£, then add Ve- 
 
 * netim Borax, Gall and Verdegreafe^ 
 
 * of each a quarter of a Pound, fine- 
 ' ly ftrained thro' a Searfe with a 
 
 * quarter of a Pound of -a^htte Vitriol 
 
 * beaten, let them boil nil together 
 
 * over a gentle Fire, confiantly (lir- 
 < ring them till all the Ingredients are 
 
 * well incorporated into an Oint- 
 
 * ment. 
 
 This is a very good Ointment in 
 all Ulcers, to clean Quitter-bones and 
 other foul Ulcers afrer cauftick Ap- 
 plications. 
 
 COW-DUNG. 
 
 Coix>-dting IS very good in Cata- 
 plafms for removing hot inf^am'd 
 and hard Swrellings, by rarefying the 
 enclofed Humours, and helping Tranf- 
 piration thro' the Pores: And for that 
 reafon it is often apply 'd to fliff 
 gourd y Legs, and to the Soles for 
 foundering, for which it is very fer- 
 viceable, if it be mixed with Brandy 
 and Oil to prevent its hardning upon 
 the Part. It is alfo us'd ro flop up 
 Horfes Feet to prevent their Hoofs 
 and Soles growing too hard : But 
 Solleyfell fuppofes this to be a vulgar 
 Error, and what has for the moft 
 part a quite contrary Effe6l, and is 
 the Caufe of foundering and hard- 
 ning when it is conffantlv ufed. 
 COW-PISS. 
 
 Cow-pifs is feldom or never given 
 inwardly to Horfes, but is fometimes 
 apply 'd outwardly to fliff and tir'd 
 Legs, in which Cafe it docs good. 
 It alfo promo:es Dung plentifully, 
 when given by wav of Glyifer. 
 CRABS-CLAWS. 
 
 Crabs-clavjs are great Abibrbents, 
 and therefore often given to fweeten 
 
 the 
 
C R 
 
 ( i4r ) 
 
 C R 
 
 the Blood, they are alfb very good 
 to fweeren the Juices of the Sto- 
 mach and Guts, and are ferviceable 
 in all Cafes where the Appetite is 
 deprav'd, and being abforbent and 
 dr} ing, they are good in Loofenelles. 
 CRABS-EYES. 
 
 Crabi-eyes have the iame Virtue 
 with the Claws, only that they are 
 accounted ibmewhat more effica- 
 cious. 
 
 CRACFC or CLEFT. 
 
 Crack or Cleft is a Chop in the 
 Pafterns or Fetlocks of a Horfe, 
 v/hich difcharges red (linking Water. 
 FOR THE CRAMP. 
 
 Cramps are accounted the con- 
 trafting or drawing together of the 
 Sinews of any Member. 
 
 The CHre.l ' The Method for 
 
 * it is, to chafe and rub the con- 
 
 * trafted Member with Vinegar and 
 
 * O//, and then to wrap it all over 
 ' with wet Hay or rotten Litter, or 
 
 * elfe with Woollen Cloths, whicii 
 
 * are a preient Remedy. 
 
 * Some direft to fweat the Horfe 
 
 * Well in a Dung-hill, and to anoint 
 
 * him with this Ointment; Take of 
 
 * Hogi-greafe half a Pound, of Tur- 
 
 * fentine two Ounces, of Pepper a 
 
 * quarter of a Dram, of nevv IVax 
 
 * four Ounces, of Sallet Oil haif a 
 
 * Pound; boil them all together, and 
 
 * anoint him with it. Or, 
 
 * Take Camomile, Crowfoot, Fen- 
 
 * nely MalloTPSy Pimpernel^ Primrofe- 
 
 * leaves and Rofemary, of each three 
 
 * Handfuls, fteep them in fair Wa- 
 ' ter for 4.8 Hours, and then boil 
 
 * them till they are tender, and bathe 
 
 * the Horfe with this Morning and 
 
 * Evening for four Days together, 
 
 * applying the Herbs to the Place 
 
 * with a Thumb-band of Hay wet- 
 ' ted in the fame Liquor, and about 
 
 * Noon anoint the Member daily 
 « with Petroleum^ Nerval, and Oil of 
 
 * Spihe together. 
 
 Another. 
 ' Tate a Quart of Ale, and a 
 
 * Pound o^ bUck Soapy and boil them 
 
 * till they look like Tar, with fome 
 
 * Brandy, and anoint the Part ag- 
 
 * grieved with it. 
 
 Horfes are fubje£l to a certain 
 fort of Cramp, which keeps their 
 Houghs fo ftitf, that they cannot bend 
 them at their coming out of the 
 Stable, and fbmen'mes walk fifty Pa- 
 ces drawing their Leg after them, 
 as if the Joint of the Hough were 
 perfeftly unmoveable. The Diflcm* 
 per proceeds from the weaknefs ot 
 the Sinews. The moft effecaual way 
 to give prefent eafe, is to lift up the 
 Horle's Leg as if you were going to 
 fhoe him, and to bend his Hough 
 forcibly, tho' this will not prevent 
 the return of the Diftemper. Apply 
 the following Balfam, and Spirit of 
 M'^ine, and the Honey-charge to iireng- 
 then the Part. 
 
 * Take a fufficient Quantity oF 
 ' Rofe-leaves, put them into a two 
 
 * Quart Glafs Bottle j and put the 
 
 * like Quantity of the Flowers of 
 
 * Sr. Johris-toort into another Bottle 
 ' of the fame fize,and pour into each 
 ' Bottle a Pint and half of Sallet Oil, 
 ' flop ihem up flightly, and fet them 
 
 * To, that they may be expofed to 
 
 * the Sun, during the Heat of the 
 
 * Summer Months, from May or 
 
 * ytme. 
 
 ' Take alfb a good Quantity of 
 
 * Balfn, Tobacco Flowers, the Flowers 
 ' and Leaves of Rofemary, Milfoil and 
 ' Orpin, chop them iii;ll, and put 
 ' them in a three Pint earthen Pot, 
 
 * with a Quart of Olive Oil, and co- 
 
 * ver the Pot with a Hog's-bladdcr 
 
 * or wet piece of Parchment, three 
 ' or four times doubled, and prick'd 
 ' in feveral Parts with a Needle. Let 
 ' this alio ftand in the Sun daring the 
 
 * great Heit, ftirring the Herbs and 
 
 * Flowers twice every Diy for the 
 ' fpace of a Month i and afterwards 
 
 1^ * pour 
 
C R 
 
 ( 14^) 
 
 C R 
 
 * pour out what is contain'd in the 
 
 * Pot and Bottles into a Bafbn, and 
 
 * add to it a Quart of Jiron^ IVine, 
 
 * a Pound of Horfe-greafe, half a 
 
 * Pound of Badger' s-greafe^ or if that 
 
 * cannot he had, Capon's or Hefi'i- 
 
 * greafe ( not the Fat that falls into 
 
 * the Dripping-pan; but the Greafe 
 
 * that is feparated from the Entrails 
 
 * before they are roafted or boiled) 
 
 * a Pound of Sugar, and four Hand- 
 
 * fuls of Camcmiie and Melilot Flow- 
 
 * ers; boil all rhefe together over a 
 
 * clear Fire, keeping it conftantly ftir- 
 
 * ring till all the Moifture is wafted 
 
 * away, and the Flowers and Herbs 
 
 * are left dry, then prefs out the Li- 
 
 * quor thro' a Hair Strainer, and boil 
 
 * it in a Bafon with two Pounds of 
 
 * Venice Turpentine to the confiftence 
 
 * of a Balfam, which fliould be kept 
 ' in a Vial lightly itopt. 
 
 This Balfim may be mixt with 
 the Vnguenturyi ApoJIolorum, Mgyp- 
 tiacum or Schrnifs Ointment, to cleanfe 
 Sores, and prevent the Growth of 
 proud FleflL 
 
 GREAT. 
 
 A Creat is an Ufl^er to a Riding- 
 mafter, or a Gentleman bred in the 
 Academy, on defign to render him- 
 ielf capable to teach the Art of Ri- 
 ding the great Horfe. 
 
 CREPANCE. 
 
 A Crepance is an Ulcer feated in 
 the roidft of the Fore-part of the 
 Foot about an Inch above the Coro- 
 net, which is caufed by a bilious 
 fharp and biting Humour that frets 
 the Skin, or by a Hurt given by 
 ftriking of the hinder Feet. 
 
 It lometimes is caufed by a Hurt 
 received in leaping over a Bar, and 
 may happen equally in the fore or 
 hinder Foot. 
 
 The Cure.'] * Solleyfell direds to 
 
 * wafli the fore Place with warm 
 
 * Wine or Urine ; and if there be a 
 
 * Swelling or Inflammation, you may 
 
 * applj the white Uoney-charoe, and 
 
 * that will abate the one and allay 
 ' the other. But as the mofi: effec- 
 ' tual Remedy, he recommends black 
 
 * Soap mixt with Spirit of Wine, 
 
 Horfes that have falfe Quarters or 
 cloven Hoofs like Oxen, are fom.e- 
 times troubled with Crepances. Thefe 
 Cracks or Clefts proceed from the 
 drinefs of the Hoof, which bruifes 
 the Fien>, between the HDof and the 
 Bore cf the Foot ,• and the putrefied 
 Flefli affefts the Tendon and Griftlej 
 fo that Nature endeavouring to expel 
 what offends her, burfts the Hoof in 
 the middle of the Quarter, and the 
 Matter finds a Paffage thro' the Cleft, 
 near the hairy Part of the Foot. 
 
 This Diftemper is to be cur'd by 
 the Method he prefcribes for the 
 Quitter-bone (which fee); for the 
 corrupted Tendon muft be feparated, 
 fince it is no more to be reckoned as 
 a part of the Foot. 
 
 Tho' Clefts in the Foot are not 
 always accompanied with Crepances ; 
 but the Diftempers are fometimes u- 
 nited, in which Cafe you may look 
 upon a Horfe to be in a dangerous if 
 not defperate Condition. 
 
 CREPITATION. 
 
 Crepitation is a Noife which fbme 
 Salts make over the Fire in Calcina- 
 tion. 
 
 CREST-FALLING. 
 
 A Hcrfe is faid to be Creft-fallen, 
 when the upper Part of his Neck 
 called the Creft, leans only to the one 
 fide or the other, and will not ftand 
 upright as it ought to do. 
 
 This Infirmity proceeds common- 
 ly from Poverty or very hard Keep- 
 ing, and efpecially when a fat Horfe 
 falls away fuddenly upon any inward 
 Sicknefs. 
 
 ' The antient Method of Cure was 
 ' firft to draw the Horfe's Creft well 
 
 * on the contrary fide a full Straw's 
 
 * breadth deep, with a hot Iron ha- 
 
 * ving an Edge half an Inch broad, 
 [ both the beginning and ending 
 
 * fome- 
 
C R 
 
 C 147) 
 
 C R 
 
 fomewhat beyond the fall 5 {o that 
 the firft drawing may go all the 
 way hard upon the Edge of the 
 Mane,clofe by the Roots of it, bear- 
 ing the right Hand downward in- 
 to the Neck-ward. Then they 
 made another drawing beneath an- 
 fwerable to that, and as far diftant 
 from the fiifl: as the Fall is broad, 
 as it were compaffing all the Fallj 
 and on the other lide, and betwixt 
 thofe two Drauj^hts, they drew a 
 third Draught right in the middle, 
 and with an Iron Button, almoft 
 an Inch about they burned a Hole 
 at each end, and made divers Holes 
 in the Spaces between the Draughts, 
 about three Fingers diftant the one 
 from the other. Having done this, 
 they anoint it with frefh Butter for 
 a Week or more to kill the Firej 
 and then having boiled a Handful 
 of Mallorps and a Handful of Sage 
 in running Water, they wafli'd the 
 Burning away till it be rav/ Flefh, 
 and dry it up with the Powder oi 
 Lime and Honey. 
 
 * Others firfl: caft the Horle upon 
 a foFt Dunghill or other fott Place, 
 and with a Knife cut away the 
 Flefh on the hanging or under fi.^e 
 of the Creft, even from the fore- 
 end to the hinder end fix Inches 
 broad, and two Inches thick, or 
 fomewhat more in the middle 
 where it is thickeft, then groping 
 the Creft wiih their Hand, they 
 pare away the thickeft part of it 
 till it come to be all of a thick- 
 nefs, then they cover the Place with 
 large Handfuls of Swine's-dung, and 
 hold it to the fore Place for an 
 Hour together, till the Blood be 
 ftanched. Then they let the Horfe 
 rife, fet him up in the Stable, ty- 
 ing him ib, that he may neither 
 rub his Neck nor lye down, and 
 the next Morning ftrew all o^-er 
 the fore Place gojd ftore of burnt 
 AllHrn beaten to Powder, ml let 
 
 * him ftand two Days without ftir-^ 
 
 * rir;g, that the Wound may not 
 ' bleed again, then at the end of 
 ' theie two Days, they bathe the 
 ' Sore gently with a fine Linen 
 ' Cloth dipt in warm U^ine, then 
 
 * they dry it, and throw more burnt 
 
 * Allum upon it, and anoint all a- 
 
 * bout the outfide of the Edges of 
 ' the Sore with Unguentu?n Al' 
 ' him Camphor at um more than Inch 
 ' broad, A iter this manner they drefs 
 
 * him once a Day on that fide of 
 
 * the Crefl: which was fallen, and 
 
 * draw his Mane on the contrary fide, 
 
 * and plait it in many Plaits, and 
 
 * fallen a Stick of half a Yard long 
 
 * to thole Plaits with Thongs of 
 
 * Leather, and then hang a piece of 
 
 * Lead (with a Hole in it, heavy e- 
 < nough to poize the Crefl: up even) 
 
 * and keep it in its right Place to the 
 
 * middle of the Stick, then they draw 
 
 * the Creft on that fide the Weight 
 
 * hangs with a Drawing Iron, from 
 ' the Top of the Creft to to the Point 
 
 * of the Shoulder, and make feveral 
 ' Stroaks an Inch and an Inch and 
 ' a half one from another, and lay a 
 ' Plaifter of Pitch, Tar and Rofia 
 « melted together upon the burnt 
 ' Place, letting the Weight hang till 
 
 * all the fore Places be healed, and 
 ' this makes the Creft ftand upright 
 
 * and ftrongly. 
 
 The following is recommended as 
 an infallible way to raife up the 
 Crefl when it is fallen, and keep it 
 up when it is rifen. ' Firft to raife 
 ' up the fallen Crefl: with the Hand, 
 ' and to place it as it fliould be, and 
 
 * to let one who ftands on that fide 
 ' held it up with one Hand, and 
 ' thrufl: cut the Bottom or Founda- 
 « tion of it with the other ; fb that 
 
 * it may ftand upright; and then to 
 
 * drav/ his Neck at the Bottom of 
 
 * the Creft with an hot Iron, broa- 
 ' difh on the Edge, and then in the 
 ' midft of the Creft, and laftly at the 
 
 L % * letting 
 
C R 
 
 ( 14S) 
 
 C R 
 
 * fetting on of the Hair. It muft be 
 ' drawn juft thro' the Skin, but no 
 
 * deeper 5 for this will enlarge and 
 
 * open the Skin, then with the Hand 
 
 * to gather up the Skin, on the other 
 
 * fide from whence the Creft fal^s, 
 
 * and to flav the Skin with two Plaif- 
 
 * ters of Shoemakers "Wax laid one 
 
 * againft another, at the Edge of the 
 
 * Wound that it may not fhrink up- 
 
 * wards or downwards, then to clip 
 
 * away with a pair of SciiTars all the 
 
 * fpare Skin that was gathered up 
 
 * with your Hand, and then to ftitch 
 
 * it together in divers Places with a 
 
 * Needle and red Silk, and to ftirch 
 
 * the Edges of the Plaifter together 
 
 * alfo to keep the Skin from break- 
 
 * ingi then to rnoint the Sore with 
 
 * Turpentine, Honey and IVax melted 
 
 * together, and alio the Places that 
 
 * were drawn with the hot Iron, 
 
 * with Tiece-greafe warmed, let this 
 
 * be repeated twice a Day till all be 
 ' well, and take care that the Splints 
 
 * do not fhrink. 
 
 CROATS. 
 
 Croats or Cravats are Horles 
 brought from Croatia, in Hungary ; 
 which for the miOft part beat upon 
 the Hand, and bear up to the Wind ; 
 that is, bear their Neck high, and 
 thruft out their Nofc, fliak'rg their 
 Head. The Croats are fubjett to the 
 hollow or Shell-tooth. 
 
 CROSS. 
 
 To make a Crofs in Corvetsj to 
 make a Crofs in Balotades, is to make 
 a fort of Leaps or Airs with one 
 Breath, forward, backwards and fide- 
 waj s, as in the Figure of a Crofs i 
 but wliereas fome Peribns talk of 
 making a Crofs in Caprioles, that 
 can't be 5 for if Horfes fhould make 
 Caprioles backwards, they would ap- 
 pear refly, and what are called Ra- 
 mingues, which would not work ac- 
 cording to the juft exadnefs of the 
 Manage. 
 
 The mofl vigorous Horfe that I'si 
 cannnot with one Breath mark the 
 whole Crofs in Caprioles. 
 
 CROUPADES. 
 
 CroHpades are higher Leaps than 
 thofe of Corvets that keep the fore 
 and hind Quarters of the Horfe in 
 an equal height, fb that he trufles his 
 hind Legs under his Belly, without 
 yerking or fhooing his Shoes. 
 
 Croupades differ from Caprioles or 
 Balotades in this, that in Croupades 
 the Horfe does not yerk, as he does 
 in the other two Airs. 
 
 High Croupades arefuch as are rais'd 
 above the ordinary height. 
 CROUPE. 
 
 The Croupe of a Horfe is the 
 extremity of the Reins above the 
 Hips. 
 
 The Croupe of a Horfe fhould have 
 a moderate tall, taking a fhort com- 
 pafs from the Head of the Haunch- 
 bone quite down to the Dock, form- 
 ing a Gutter or Channel in the mid- 
 dle. 
 
 The Haunch-bones ought not to 
 be placM too near each other -, but at 
 a moderate diflance; nor fb high as 
 to be in view of each other. 
 
 The Dock fhould be in propor- 
 tion to the lize of the Horfe, rather 
 ibmewhat large and fliff, and the 
 Hair of the Tail not too thick and 
 bufliy. 
 
 The Tail fljould be placed neither 
 too high nor too low j both extremes 
 being unfeemly ; and Solleyfell makes 
 this Obfervation, that wfien the Tail 
 is plac'd too high, the Breech of a 
 Horfe refemblcs a Plumb; and when 
 it is too low, it is a Sign of Weak- 
 nefs in the Back. 
 
 The Croupe or Bone which lies 
 under the Crupper, which is alfb call'd 
 the Os Sacrum, is feated at the lower 
 end of the Back, adhering to the lafl 
 Vertebra of the Loins above ; and to 
 the firfl of the Bones of the Dock or 
 Rump below. It is in Figure Ibme- 
 
 thing 
 
C R 
 
 ( M9 ) 
 
 G R 
 
 thing triangular 5 and from a broad 
 beginning grows narrow toward the 
 Tail. It IS hollow on the infide; 
 uneven outwards, becaufe of the Muf- 
 cles of the Back and its Ligaments 
 cleaving to it. 
 
 It has fc^rcely any oblique Procef- 
 fes except on its firft Vertebra, and 
 the other ProcefTes are either very 
 Tmall or very obfcure. 
 
 There are certain Sinms on each 
 fide toward the Edges of it, to which, 
 by intervening Cartilages, the Haunch- 
 bones adhere. 
 
 It has fix VertebrA, and the Spines 
 of ii grow lefs gradually, the nearer 
 they approach to the Rump, and fo 
 alfo do the Vertebra themlelves. 
 
 Alfo the Spinal Marrow has a Paf- 
 ftge in it, as in the other Vertebra, 
 out of which there are feveral other 
 Perforations for the Egrcfs of the 
 Nerves. 
 
 In making Volts, the Shoulders of 
 a Horie fhould be oppofite to his 
 Croupe. Thofe who made ufe of 
 this ExprelTion meant, that a Horie 
 walking fideways, and upon two 
 Tijles^ his Shoulders make one Trait, 
 v/hile the Croupe makes another; 
 but this is not a juft way of fpeak- 
 ing ; For at that rate the Shoulders 
 are not oppofite to the Croupe in a 
 ftrait Line, by reafon that half the 
 Shoulders march before the Croupe, 
 and the Horfe bending his Neck a 
 little, looks into the Volt. 
 
 To gain the Croupe, is v/hen one 
 Horie- man makes a Demi-tour upon 
 another, in order to take him upon 
 the Croupe. 
 
 Without flipping the Croupe, this 
 Term is ufed for Volts and a Gallop, 
 and fignifies without traverfing, with- 
 out letting the Croupe go out of the 
 Volt, or the Tread of the Gallop. 
 CROWN'D. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be crown'd, when 
 he is lb hurt or wounded in the Knee, 
 hy a Fall, or any other Accident, that 
 
 the Hair fheds and falls off without 
 ever growing again. 
 
 CROWN SCAB. 
 
 Defcription,] The Crown Scab^ 
 fome defcribe to be a ftinking filthy 
 Scab that breeds round about the Cor- 
 ners of a Horfe's Hoof, and is a can- 
 kerous and painful Sore. 
 
 The caufe.] It is often caufed by 
 a Horfe having been bred in a fenny 
 marfh Ground, where the Cold has 
 frruck corrupt Humours up to his 
 Feet. This is more painful in the 
 Winter than in the Summer. 
 
 Others fay, it proceeds from a 
 fharp malignant ^Matter, which owzes 
 through the Skin above the Cronet or 
 Coronet, and frets off the Hair, and 
 hardens into a white mealy Scab. 
 
 Sometimes it is accompanied with 
 a Moiilure, and lends forth a (linking 
 Matter. 
 
 The Signs] Are fhe Hairs of the 
 Coronet will be very thin and ftaring 
 like Briftles, and the Coronet will 
 always matter and run with Water. 
 
 The Cure.'] ' The antient way of 
 ' Cure was to lay Soot and Salt beat- 
 
 * en together, mingled with Greafe 
 ' or Suet, and fVax and Pitch melted 
 ' together on the Skin of Bacon, and 
 ' to lay it on. And if the Flefh did 
 
 * chance to grow proud, they eat it 
 ' away with powdered Verdegreafe» 
 ' or with the Scrapings of a HartV 
 ' horn, or an Ox-horn finely pow- 
 i dered. 
 
 * Some mix a little Bole-Armo- 
 
 * niack, and four Ounces of Turpen- 
 ' tine, with Soap and Hogs-greafe, of 
 
 * each half a Pound, and being well 
 ' mixed make a Plaifter, and bind it 
 
 * faft on, renewing it every Day till 
 
 * the Running ceafes, and then wafh 
 
 * it with ftrong Vinegar lukewarm 
 
 * once a Day till the Sore is clean 
 
 * dry'd up, not permitting the Horfe 
 
 * to come into any wet, till the Sore 
 
 * is healed. 
 
 1^3 
 
 < Others 
 
C R C i5'o ) C U 
 
 ' Others only bathe it connantly ' fhaved off from the Part affefte ', 
 
 * with old 6ta!e boil'd up with Saltt 
 
 * which will dry up the Humour, and 
 
 * heal it. 
 
 Solleyfell fays, there are two forts 
 of Crown Scabs, one is humid and 
 fends out Seiofities through the Pores j 
 which rometimes increale fo as to 
 mounr up lo the Paftern-joint, and 
 caufe pait of the Hair to fall away^ 
 elpecially if the Humour be very 
 Iharp j but if the Horfe labours in 
 dry Grounds, then they dry up, 
 fometimes in Summer-time, Co that 
 there is little or no Moifiure to be 
 perceived j but if the Hair be fallen 
 off, then the part will continue bald 
 and ugly. This laft is common to 
 old Coach-horfeS;but rarely in young. 
 
 The other kind is dry, and never 
 expels any Moifiure, but only fends 
 forth a kind of itchy Scurf, v/hich 
 makes the Hair flare, and keeps the 
 Coronet fv/di'd. The Swelling is ea- 
 iijy perceived by the Coronets being 
 bigger, and more elevate than the reft 
 pf the Hoof, 
 
 * Firft fcrnpe ofF the Scabs gently, 
 
 * and then wafh the Sore with Cop- 
 
 * per as or V/triol-%\ater, or Spirit of 
 
 * IVifie, in which Tobacco has been 
 
 * infus'd. Some apply Soap andi"^//-, 
 but if the Malady has been of long 
 ftanding, and is grown obftinate, the 
 following Plaifter will be very good : 
 
 * Take twelve Ounces of Rcfii, 
 « nine Ounces of Titch, fix Ounces 
 
 * of Turpentme, of Verdegreafe and 
 ' Bnmjione together, nine Ounces, an 
 < equal Quantity of each 5 melt that 
 
 * which is to be melted over a gen- 
 
 * tie Fire,, and then put in the Verde- 
 
 * greafe and Brimfione, having been 
 
 * finely powdered ; ftir them well iv, 
 ' and if it be too hard, put in a little 
 
 * more Turpentine ; and if a fmall 
 
 * Quantity of ^uickfilver be incor- 
 
 * porated with it, it will be the 
 
 * more efFeaual. This is to be fpread 
 '^ on Leather, . and the Hair being 
 
 • is to be apply'd, and is to lye as 
 « long as it will ftick on. 
 
 This may alfo be apply'd to the 
 Legs and Pafterns, if the Difeafe 
 fpreads above the Coronet to thofe 
 Parts, and you may give the Horfe 
 now and then a little Antimony a- 
 mong his Oats till he is cured. 
 
 But if the Coronet fhall become 
 ulcerated by reafon of this Scab, and 
 fome part of the Grille be infefted, 
 all that is ufelefs muft be extirpated, 
 and the Sore muft be healed up, as is 
 done in the Cure of Ulcers. 
 C U B E B S. 
 
 Cubebs are a hot Spice of fava in 
 the Eafi-Indies, and are ufeful in all 
 Difbrders of the Nerves proceeding 
 from too great an humidity. 
 CURB. 
 
 A Curb is an Iron Chain, made 
 faft to the upper part of the Branches 
 of the Bridle, in a Hole call'd the 
 Eye, and running over the Beard of 
 the Horfe. 
 
 Term. This Horfe will rever be 
 right upon the Hand, unlefs he has a 
 longer Curb, for the uneafinefs of his 
 Beard, caus'd by this Curb, makes 
 him tofs his Nofe up to the Wind, 
 and caufcs him to chack and beat up- 
 on the Hand. 
 
 To give a Leap tipon tl^ Cur by h 
 to fhorten the Curb, by laying one of 
 the Mails or S like Joints o'f the Chain 
 over the refl-. 
 
 A Curb is alfb a hard and callous 
 Tumour, which runs along the infide 
 of a Horfe's Hoof j /. e. on that part 
 of the Hoof that is oppofite to the 
 Leg of the lame fide. 
 
 Defcription.'] A Curb is by fbme 
 defcrib'd to be a Swelling on the d- 
 newy Parts of the Leg a little below 
 the Elbow of the Hough ; but fome- 
 what higher than the Spavin on the 
 infide, and is generated of the fame 
 Matter that nourifhes the Ligaments 
 and Tendons j it is narrow below, and 
 broader 
 
c u 
 
 ( l;l) 
 
 G U 
 
 broader and higher at its upper Part, 
 and lonv-nmes caufes a Horle to 
 halt, by hindiing the Adlion of the 
 Joint. 
 
 Solleyfell fays, a Curb is a large and 
 hard Tumour, generated of phlegma- 
 tick Matter, feated on the inlic^e of 
 the Hough, higher than the Spavin, 
 on the Subilance of the Tendon that 
 flrengrhens the Part : It is a long 
 Swelling refembling a Pear, cleft 
 through the middle into two pieces 
 higher above than below, and fome- 
 times makes the Horfe halt. 
 
 It is moft common to draught 
 Horfes; for the Hough is apt to be 
 ftrained by that kind of labour, and 
 the great Sinew being afterwards 
 weakened, all the Humours flow 
 thither, and are fed by the Mafter- 
 Vein of the Thigh, that runs near the 
 Place. 
 
 The Caufe.'] It may be occafioned 
 by backing a Horfe too foon, and 
 fbmetimes proceeds from the weak- 
 nefs and fmalnefs of the Hough. 
 
 The Cure.'] * Firft tie up the con- 
 
 * trary Leg, as is ufual for a Blood 
 
 * Spavin, then fear it length Vv^ays 
 
 * down the Horfe's Leg upon the 
 
 * Curb with a hot Iron till the Skin 
 
 * looks yellow; then draw the hot 
 
 * Iron crofs in two or three Places 
 
 * as for a Blood Spavin, and having 
 < driven a Horfe-nail through a Stick, 
 
 * fb that the Point may come through 
 
 * the Stick the breadth of a Straw, 
 
 * ftrike it ten or twenty times ac- 
 
 * cording as the Burning goes with 
 
 * the Point of the Nail in the fired 
 
 * Places i then rub it well with a 
 
 * Handful of Salt to ftop the Blood, 
 
 * and half an Hour after wipe off the 
 
 * Salt, and lay on a Charge of Soap 
 
 * and Brandy, heating it in well with 
 
 * a Bar of Iron, and as the Iron 
 
 * cools, flake it over it to dry it in 
 
 * the better. Let the Charge lye on 
 
 * till it comes off of it fclf. Let the 
 
 * Horfe f!and in the Stable for three 
 
 * or four Days, after which you may 
 
 * ride him every Day. 
 
 ^nether. 
 
 * Firft make a S.it wi'h a Pen- 
 
 * knife upon the Top of the Excref- 
 
 * cence the length of a Barley Com 
 ' or li'tle more, a.^d then whh a 
 
 * fi.'ie Corner raiie die Skin from the 
 
 * Bone, and having made v: hollow 
 ' the compafs of the Excreicence and 
 « no more, dip Lint in the O./ of 
 
 * Origa-auni, and rhrufl: it into the 
 
 * Hole, and cover the Knob, and let 
 
 * it abide fo till it rots, and Nature 
 ' cafts out both the Mediciae and the 
 
 * Cure. 
 
 You may firft rrv rhofe Medicines 
 prefcribed for the Hough Bony, which 
 fee in Letter H, or you may ufe the 
 Phifter of l^rogs with four rimes the 
 ufual quantity of ^uicl-filver ; ha- 
 ving firft fliaved away the Hair. This 
 fliould be renew'd once a Fortnight. 
 
 This Plaifler may be had of the A- 
 pothecary when befpoke ; it may be 
 made as follows: 
 
 The Mercurial Plai/ler. 
 
 * Take Frogs, Number three. Earth* 
 
 * worms four Ounces, a Pound of 
 
 * Hog's-Urd, and a Pint of White- 
 
 * wine: Boil it till the watery parts 
 ' are evaporated; drain the Lard, then 
 
 * put to it half a Pound of Litharge^ 
 
 * then boil it again with frefli Wine 
 ' till the whole oe incorporated, then 
 
 * add Wax and Oil of Bays, of each 
 
 * two Ounces, Frankincenfe an Ounce, 
 
 * and Adders fat an Ounce and a half; 
 ' half an Ounce of Euphorblum fine- 
 
 * ly pow^dcred, and half a Pound of 
 
 * ^uickfilver firfl incorporated in a 
 ' Mortar, with two Ounces of Od 
 
 * of Spike, two Ounces of Turpen- 
 
 * tine, and half an Ounce of Liquid 
 
 * St Of ax. Let this be made into a 
 
 * Piaifter, and kept for ufe. 
 
 Or it may be attempted by the 
 
 fame Remedies as are prefcribed for 
 
 h 4 ths 
 
c u 
 
 (i;0 
 
 c u 
 
 the Spavin ; but with little Succefs; 
 for the chief Hope is in giving the 
 Fire; and that fometiraes proves in- 
 efifeduai , for it only prevents the in- 
 creafe of the Curb, but does not ef- 
 fefluailv difioive it. 
 
 * The ancient way of Cure, was 
 
 * firft to fbave off the Hair, and then 
 « to prick it in 3 or 4 Places with a 
 ' Fleam, and to lay Man's Dung on 
 
 * it twice a Day for three or four 
 
 * Days together} and then they laid 
 ' Cat,bctnum rwice a Day ro it, till it 
 
 * rottea, and the Ma^^^er ifTued out j 
 
 * afterwards wafli'd it with Urine, 
 
 * and laft of all heaVd it up with 
 
 * Honey and Oil boiled together, a- 
 ^ nointing it twice a Day till the Curb 
 
 * was gone i but all the Salves mull: 
 
 * be apply 'd warm and nevr made, 
 ' and if an IfTue be made in the Bot- 
 
 * tom of the Curb, it may do well. 
 
 * Others hold a hot Iron as nigh 
 
 * the Sore as may be, but fo as not 
 
 * to touch it, and when it has been 
 
 * warmed, vent it fix or feven Pla- 
 
 * ct%y and having mixed a Spoonful 
 
 * of Salt, half a Spoonful of Nerve- 
 
 * Oil, the White of an Egg, and a 
 
 * Penny-weight oi Verdegreafe toge- 
 
 * ther, they dip Flax in it, and lay it 
 
 * to the Curb, and this in a few Dref- 
 
 * fings takes it away. 
 
 * Some chafe and rub the Curb 
 ' well with their Hands, and having 
 
 * pounded red Walvport Leaves and 
 
 * Barrage well together, they lay it 
 
 * on the Curb, repeating theAppIica- 
 
 * tion once a Day for a Week. 
 
 * Others mix a Pint of fVine Leesy 
 
 * half a Vmtoi CHfnm'm- feeds, and as 
 
 * much Wheat- fiour as will thicken 
 *- it, and being well mixed and made 
 
 * warm, they lay it on the Sore by 
 « way of a Charge, repeating it once 
 ' a Day for three or four Days, and 
 
 * when the Swelling is almoft down, 
 
 * they drav/ it with a thin hot Iron 
 I in this Fcroi ■(, and lay fitch and 
 
 * Rc[in melted together, and warm 
 
 * over the burned Part, and alfo forae 
 
 * Floes ot the Horfe's Colour on the 
 
 * Pitch, ^c. and let them remain 
 
 * till they fall off of themfelves, and 
 
 * to let the Horfe reft, and not to 
 
 * come into wet for 9 Days. Some 
 
 * add Tar to the Vitch and R(?//«,and 
 
 * is not amifs; but that it will not 
 ' flick fo well. 
 
 « Others flit the Curb the whole 
 ' length, and then having dip'd a 
 
 * Linen Cloth in warm Wine» they 
 ' ftrew Vinegar upon it, and bind it 
 
 * on the Curb, repeating it once a 
 
 * Day till the Curb is gone. 
 
 Mr. Markhatn upon his own ex- 
 perience prefers the following Me- 
 thod of Cure : 
 
 ' Firfl to bind the Hoof of the 
 
 * Horfe flrait, a little about the Cod, 
 ' with a broad Incle, and then to 
 ' beat, rub and chafe the Curb with 
 
 * a fmooth Hazle Stick, and to ftrike 
 
 * a Fleam as deep as you can into 
 ' the Curb in two or three Places, 
 
 * and to prefs out the corrupted 
 
 * Blood j then with the Point of a 
 
 * Knife, to thruft as deep as you can 
 ' into every Hole, the quantity of 
 
 * two Barley Corns of tohite MercU" 
 
 * ry, and to let the Horfe refl for 24. 
 
 * Hours after it^ and then to anoint 
 ' the fore Place with hot melted 
 
 * Butter once a Day, at leafl, till it bp 
 ' whole. 
 
 He adds, that whatibever cures a 
 Splint or Spavin will cure a Curb. 
 
 OF CURRYING and DRES- 
 SING OF HORSES. 
 
 The well currying and drejjing of 
 Horfes contributes very much not 
 only to their Beauty, but alfb to 
 their Health and Vigor 5 becaufe a 
 Horfe that is well curried and drefl, 
 will be maintained fatter, more beau- 
 tiful, and more agreeable with a lefs 
 quantity of Food, methodically diflri- 
 
 buteds 
 
c u 
 
 ( if3 ) 
 
 C Y 
 
 buted, than with a greater quantity 
 were he not carefully curried and 
 drefs'd. 
 
 For when Duft remains too long 
 upon the Skin of a Horfe, it ftops 
 the Pores; and hinders the fharp Hu- 
 mours from exhaling ; fb that thofe 
 Superfluities that remain in the Blood, 
 alter, and corrupt it i which being 
 done, it will be very unfit to nou- 
 rifh the Horfe, fo that he will be- 
 come lean, or at leaft not fatten. 
 
 And as the Excrements of the 
 third Concodlion are of two forts, 
 the one fubtile which exhales, and e- 
 vaporates by infenfible Tranfpiration, 
 and the other more grofs and thick, 
 which cleaves to and remains upon 
 his Skin, and as they are both natu- 
 rally laltifh, fo this acquires a new 
 Acrimony, by remaining upon it, and 
 makes Horfes of Vigor unquiet and 
 dull; and this Excrement does abound 
 in all Creatures; but efpecially in 
 Horfes, whofe Skins are extremely 
 porous. 
 
 OF CURTAILING HORSES, 
 ^ee TAILS. 
 
 CUT. 
 
 To cut or geld a Horfe, k to take 
 off his Stones ; after which he is cali'd 
 a Gelding, by way of diftinftion from 
 % Stone-Horfe. Term, Commonly 
 
 your flrong thick bodied Butch Hor- 
 fes, are Stone Horfes and not Geldings. 
 
 To cut the Round, or cut the Volte, 
 is to change the Hand, when a Horfe 
 works upon Volts of one Tread ; fo 
 that the Volt being divided into two, 
 he turns and parts upon a right Line 
 to recommence another Volt. In this 
 fort of Manage, the Riding-maflers 
 are ufed to cry, Coupez-cou^ez, U 
 Rondy Cut, cut the Round. 
 CUTANEOUS. 
 
 Cutaneous fignifies any thing con- 
 cerning the Skin, and is applicable 
 either to a Diflemper or Remedy. 
 CUTICLE. 
 
 The Cuticle is the firfl and outer- 
 mofl Covering of the Body, com- 
 monly call'd the Scarf Skin. 
 
 CUTTLE-BONE. 
 Cuttle- bone is the Bone of a Salt 
 Water Fiih when levigated and pre- 
 pared on a Marble : It is fuppos'd 
 to have the fame Virtues as Crabs- 
 eyes i it is fometimes ufed to Horfes 
 by blowing its Powder, which is ve- 
 ry rough, into the Eyes to take off 
 Specks and Films. 
 
 C Y S T I C K S. 
 
 Cyfiicks are Medicines for the Dif- 
 orders of the Bladder, 
 
 DAISIES. 
 
D A 
 
 (1^4) 
 
 D E 
 
 D. 
 
 DAISIES. 
 
 DAiJies are good for Wounds in 
 the Breaft, and therefore are a 
 proper Ingredient in Oils, Ointments, 
 and Pkifters. The large wild Daifies 
 are very good Vulnerary or Wound- 
 herbs. They are efficacious in Brui- 
 ies by Falls, Inflammations, Kernels, 
 Ruptures, Swellings and Ulcers. The 
 diftill'd Water of either fort is very 
 refrefliing to the inward Parts, and al- 
 lays the Heat of Choler. 
 
 DANDELION. 
 
 'Dandelion flowers in April and 
 l/lay^ is opening and cleanfingi it is 
 goud for the Obftruftions of the Gall, 
 Liver, Spleen and Yellows. The Juice 
 pf it is outwardly very ferviceable in 
 iFoul and rotten Ulcers. 
 
 DAPPLE BLACK. 
 
 Dapple black is a black Horie, that 
 has Spots or Marks in his black Skin 
 or Hairs that are blacker and more 
 fliining than the refl-. 
 
 DAPPLED BAYS. 
 
 Horfes are call'd dappled Bays, that 
 have Marks ot a dark Bay. 
 DARNEL. 
 
 DarneU the red fort. The Meal of 
 it is good to flop Cankers, Gangrenes 
 and tor putrid Sores, foul Scabs and 
 Ring-worms. If you ufe it with 
 Radifli-roots and Salt, with Brim- 
 ftone and Vinegar, it is good for dif- 
 iblving Knots and Kernels j and if it 
 be boiJed in Wine with Linfced and 
 Pigeons-dung, it will diflblve thofe 
 that are hard to be diffolved. Being 
 boiled in Wine, it is good to flop 
 
 Lasks and the Bloody Flux. And a 
 Poultice being made of the Meal, is 
 good to draw out Splinters. 
 DECEIVE. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be deceived, up- 
 on a Demivolt of one or two Treads 
 when working for inftance to the 
 right, and not having yet furniflied 
 above half the Demivolt, he's prefs'd 
 one Time or Motion forwards, with 
 the inner Leg, md then is put to a 
 Reprize upon the left, in the fame 
 Cadence with which he begun j and 
 thus he regains the Place where the 
 Demivolt had been begun to the right, 
 and works to the left. Thus a Horfe 
 may be deceived upon any Hand. 
 DECOCTION. 
 
 A Decociion is a fort of Broth, 
 made of divers Herbs, as Mallovos, 
 MarfJj-mallowsj Camomile, Tellitory, 
 Lily-roots and the like, boiled in Wa- 
 ter to a half or a third part, ^c. In- 
 ftead of which fometimes fat Beef- 
 broth is made ufe of, or the Broth 
 of Sheep's-heads, Milk, Whey, or 
 fome foch kind of Liquor. G. j. 
 DEER'S SUET. 
 
 Deers Suet. This as well as all 
 other fat things is of ufo in outward 
 Applications j both in Ointments and 
 Cataplafms; they relax and foftenthe 
 Tone of the Fibres, fo that the Mat- 
 ter which was inclofed, has more 
 fpace given it in order to its being 
 rarefied, fo as either to return back 
 into Circulation, or to turn to Pu- 
 trefadtbn, and by that means become 
 fitted for a Difoharge ; and they are 
 all more or lefs powerful according 
 
 - ■ " to 
 
D E 
 
 C iSS) 
 
 D I 
 
 fp their feveral degrees of confiften- 
 cy ; and as they are more or lefs 
 penctraring. there being fome, as the 
 Vipers-fat, that abound more than o- 
 thers with volatile Purts. 
 
 DEFLUXION. 
 
 Defuxion llgnifies 3. running off or 
 flov/ing of any liquid thing, and it is 
 generally uied to exprcfs the Rheum 
 in a Catarrh, or a fudden Discharge 
 of thin Humours upon any part. 
 DENTRIFICE. 
 
 Bentrifice is a Medicine to cleanfe 
 or faften Teeth, of what form fo- 
 ever, whether in Liquid or Powder. 
 DEOBSTRUENTS. 
 
 Deohjiruents are fuch Medicines that 
 open Obflrudiions. 
 
 DEOPPILATORY. 
 
 Deoppilatory is the lame as deoS' 
 firuent. 
 
 DEPHLEGMATION. 
 
 Bephlegmation is fuch an Operati- 
 on as takes away the Phlegm from 
 any fpirituous Fluid ,• as by repeated 
 Difriiiation, it is at length left all be- 
 hind. 
 
 DEPHLEGMATED SPIRIT. 
 Dephlegmated Spirit is fuch Spirit 
 as has no mixture of Phlegm. 
 
 DESICCATIVES. 
 
 Deficcaiives are drying Medicines, 
 fuch as arc made ufe of to dry up 
 the humidity in old Sores and Ul- 
 cers. 
 
 DESPUMATION. 
 
 Defpumation is the Clarification of 
 any Liquor by throv/ing up its foul- 
 nefs in a Froth, and taking that off. 
 DESQ^UAMATION. 
 
 Befquamation is the cleanfing of 
 carious Bones, which flake off like 
 Scales. 
 
 DETERGENTS. 
 
 Detergents Medicines are fuch as 
 are foftening and adhefive, and alio 
 by a peculiar Adlivity or Difpofition 
 to motions joined with a Suitable 
 
 Configuration of Parts, are fitted to 
 abrade and carry along with them 
 fuch Particles as they lay hold on in 
 their Paffage. All Medicines of this 
 Intention are fuppofed to clcanie and 
 heal, that is, incarnate, and fill with 
 new Flefh all Ulcerations, and Foul- 
 nelles occafioned thereby, whether in- 
 ternal or external. 
 
 DEVIL'S-BIT. 
 
 TieviVs-bit is good for Bruifes in- 
 ward or outward , and to expel 
 Wind. It is alio good againft the 
 Plague, and all Peftilential Dileaies, 
 Fevers, Poiibns, and the Bitings of 
 venomous Beafts. 
 
 DEVUIDER. 
 
 DevuiJer is a Term that is uied in 
 the Academies, and is apply'd to a 
 Horie that working upon VoltSt makes 
 his Shoulders go too fafl: for the 
 Croupe to follow, £0 that inftcad of 
 going upon two Treads as he ought, 
 he endeavours to go only upon one : 
 Which proceeds from the refinance 
 he makes in defending aMinft the 
 Heels J or from the Fault of the 
 Horic-man, he being too hafiy with 
 his Hand. 
 
 DIAGRIDIUM, 5^5 SCAM- 
 MO NY. 
 
 DIAHEXAPLE. 
 
 * Take the Roots of round Arifio- 
 
 * lochia^ wafh, fcrape, and make them 
 
 * as clean as you can; then takei?^^- 
 ' berries excorticated, and funiper- 
 
 * berries not excorticated ; the purefl 
 
 * and beft Drops of Myrrh, and the 
 
 * fineil (havings of Ivory, of each a 
 < like quantity; pound them toge- 
 
 * thcr all but the Myrrh, and then 
 
 * beat the Myrrh by it felf and fearce 
 
 * it; then mix them together, and 
 
 * prefs it into a Gallipot, and keep it 
 
 * for uie. 
 
 The Virtues of it. 
 It cleanfes, fupples and attenuates 
 old grofs Humours, helps Digeftion, 
 heals all Diieaies of the Liver and 
 
 Sto- 
 
D I 
 
 ( 1^6 ). 
 
 D r 
 
 Stomach; and being given in a Pint 
 of Canary, it cures all Colds ; it 
 breaks Phlegm, helps Staggers, and 
 allDifeafesoftheHead. 
 
 It is a fovereign Remedy againft 
 all manner of Poifons, cither inward 
 or outward j the biting of venomous 
 Beafts, fhort Windednefs and Purfive- 
 cefs. 
 
 It cures all Difeafes of the Lungs, 
 as Glanders and Rottennefs, gives 
 eafe in all Gripings and Windinefs of 
 the Belly, provokes Urine, takes a- 
 way Infedion, and kills Worms. 
 
 It recovers Tiring and Wearinefs, 
 helps Cramps and Convulfions, helps 
 the Yellows, the Gargils, and the 
 Dropfy Diafcerides. E. R. 
 DIAPENTE. 
 
 * Take Arijlolochia (the round is 
 
 * better than the long) Myrrh and 
 
 * Bay-berriesy of each half a Pound, 
 
 * peel off the outward Hu.^ks, white 
 
 * Ivory and Harts-horn, of each four 
 
 * Ounces; cut the outward Rind of 
 ' the Arijlolochia and grate it-fmall, 
 
 * do not dry it ; but having grated 
 
 * it, beat it fmall either by it felf, or 
 
 * with the other things in a Mortar ; 
 
 * fearce them, and after you have ta- 
 
 * ken out the fineft, pound the coar- 
 ' fell, and Co do till you have made 
 
 * it all very fine, then put it into a 
 
 * Bladder, and keep it for ufe. 
 
 An Ounce of this Diapente may 
 be given for one Dofe, altho' you 
 give other things with it. And an 
 Ounce of Diapente is a good Dofe 
 of it felf in a Pint of firong Beer for 
 a Cold newly taken. 
 
 DIAPHORETICKS. 
 
 Biaphoreticks are Medicines that 
 promote Difcharges by Sweat, and 
 are alfo termed Sudor ijicks, Febri- 
 fuges, Alexipharmicks or Counterpoi- 
 fons y becaufe of their extraordinary 
 ufe in all malignant and peflilential 
 Fevers. 
 
 DIAPHRAGM. 
 
 The Diaphra^ra divides the Trunk 
 
 of the Body into two Cavities, the 
 Thorax and the Abdomen, i| 
 
 DIARRHiEA. > 
 
 A Diarrhaa is a Flux of the Bel- 
 ly. It is cured either by purging off 
 the Caule, or reftringing the Bowels. 
 DIASCORDIUM. 
 
 * Take Scordium ( otherwise call'd 
 ' "WsLtev Germander ) one Ounce, Bole- 
 
 * Armoniack an Ounce and a half, 
 ' Earth of Lemnos, Cinnamon, CaJJia 
 
 * Bark, Dittany of Crete, Tormentils, 
 ' Bifiorty Galbanum, Gentian, Gum 
 
 * Arabick, of each half an Ounce j 
 
 * Opium and Seeds of Sorrel, of each 
 
 * a Dram and a half, Ginger and long 
 
 * Tepper, of each two Drams ; Sto- 
 
 * rax four Drams and a half, d'\£- 
 
 * pumed Honey two Pound and a 
 
 * half, Sugar of Kofes one Pound, 
 
 * Canary half a Pint, mix all into an 
 
 * ElecSluary. 
 
 This is call'd Confeciio Fracajlorii, 
 from Fracafloriuf its Author. 
 
 It is a great Cordial and Aftrin- 
 gent, and therefore is proper in all 
 JoofenefTes, and in all Defluxions of 
 Rheum, fuch as fret^uently happen in 
 Colds, 
 
 DIATESSARON, MITHRIDATE, 
 or HORSE-TREACLE. 
 
 * Take two Ounces of Powder of 
 
 * Diapente, heat a clean Mortar, and 
 ' put to it two Ounces of clarified 
 
 * or live Honey, work it to a Treacle 
 
 * with a wooden Peftle, and put it 
 i into a Gallipot for ufe. 
 
 Virtues. 
 It is good againfl all Poifons and 
 infedlious Difeafes, and expels all 
 Sicknefs from the Heart, is good in 
 all Fevers and defperate dangerous 
 Sicknefs j bleeding being firfl ufed, if 
 occafion be. The Dole may be an 
 Ounce given in a Pint and a half of 
 Canary, you may if there be occa- 
 fion, add to it an Ounce of London 
 Treacle. 
 
 ELETCUARY 
 
D I 
 
 ( 15-7) 
 
 D I 
 
 ELECTUARY OF DIATESSA- 
 RON. 
 » Take Arijloloch'ta Rotmdny or 
 '- Birthworty Bay -denies and Gent tan y 
 
 • of each two Ounces ; powder them 
 '■ fine, put them into a ftone Mortar 
 ' warmed, with two Pounds of cla- 
 ' rified Honey, and work them into 
 f a Treacle, and put it into a Galii- 
 
 • pot for ule. 
 
 Virtues. 
 
 It refifts Peftilence and Poifbn, cures 
 the biting of any venomous Beaft; is 
 good for the falling Sicknefs and Con- 
 vullions, and all cold Diftempers of 
 the Brain; as alfo for Colds or Coughs 
 wet or dry ; Surfeits, Glanders, Yel- 
 lows, Inflammations of the Blood 
 and Liver, and many other Difeafes. 
 DILATATION. 
 
 Dilatation is the laying open any 
 Orifice, or the Lips of a Wound wi- 
 der, or the Extenfion of any Veflel. 
 DILL. 
 
 Bill is hot and dry, and clafled 
 with Annifeedsy Carraroays, and other 
 Carminatives. See Annifeeds, it is 
 good againft Wind, and provokes U- 
 rine. 
 
 OIL OF DILL. 
 
 This is drawn from the Seeds, and 
 has all the Virtues of the Plant. It 
 expels Wind, and therefore ufed up- 
 on occafion, as a Corrector to the o- 
 ther Medicines. 
 
 DILUENTS or DILUTORS. 
 
 Diluents are common Wheys, Pti- 
 
 fans or Juleps, which in refpeft to 
 
 the Blood in a State of Vifcidity are 
 
 thinner, and therefore faid to thin it. 
 
 TO DILUTE. 
 
 To dilute is to thin a Fluid by ad- 
 ding a thinner to it. 
 
 DISARM. 
 
 To d'lfarm the Lips of a Hor/e, is 
 to keep them fubjecl, and out from 
 above the Bars j when they are £o 
 large as to cover the Bars, and pre- 
 
 vent the true Appui or Stay of the 
 Mouth, by bearing up the Bit, and 
 fb prevent the Horfe from feehng the 
 effe<5fs of it upon the Bars. 
 
 If you give a Horfe a Bit with a 
 Canon-coupe or C«r, it will difarm 
 his Lips ; or elfe put the Olives upon 
 him, and they will have the iame 
 efFea. 
 
 TO DISGORGE. 
 
 To difgorge is to difcufs or diiperfe 
 an Inflammation or Swelling. 
 
 DISPENSATORY. 
 
 Difpenfatory is a Book of Rules di- 
 redling the Quantities of the Ingre- 
 dients and manner of compounding 
 Medicines. 
 
 TO DISUNITE. 
 
 A Horfe is fiid to difunitey who 
 drags his Haunches and gallops faft, 
 or upon an ill foot. 
 
 DITTANY. 
 
 Dittany of Crete is endow'd with 
 the fame Virtues as Birthwort, and is 
 good in all diibrderly Emotions of 
 the Nerves, and nervous Juices, and 
 therefore is ufed in Convuliions, which 
 ariie from thence. 
 
 DIURETICKS. 
 
 Diureticks are fuch Medicines as 
 promote the Difcharges by Urine, 
 wherein there are feveral Intentions, 
 which are to be anfwered according 
 to the feveral ways by which the Bo- 
 dy becomes indifpofed by its Suppref- 
 fion, 
 
 A DIURETICK SYRUP. 
 
 * Take Roots of Marjh-mallorcs 
 
 * four Ounces, flice them, the Roots 
 ' of Grafs f Afparagui, and Kaifins 
 
 * ftoned, of each an Ounce; Tops of 
 
 * lir two Handfuls, of Bay-berries 
 
 * and funiper-berrieSi of each an 
 
 * Ounce j boil them in four Quarts 
 
 * of Water till it is wafted to one 
 
 * Quart, afterwards boil them in an 
 
 * open VefTel to the coniiftency of a 
 
 * Syrup with three Pound of Sugar. 
 
 A dock:. 
 
D O 
 
 ( lyS) 
 
 D R 
 
 A DOCK. 
 
 A Dock is a large Cafe of Leather, 
 as long as the Dock of a Horfe's Tail, 
 which covers the Tails of leaping 
 Horfes, and is fattened by Straps to 
 the Crupper, and has leathern Thongs 
 which pafs between his Thighs, and 
 along the Flanks of the Saddle-ftraps 
 to keep the Tail tight, and to hinder 
 it from whisking about, or making 
 the Horfe appear broader at the 
 Croupe* 
 
 DOCK: 
 
 The red Dock is good againft Cho- 
 ler, but the yellow is beft. The Seeds 
 of moft kinds of Docks are good to 
 flop Lasks and Fluxes. 
 
 The fharp pointed Dock is an ex- 
 cellent Ingredient in Drinks for the 
 Yellows and all Obftrudlions in the 
 Liver, and alfo in the Farcin, and all 
 foulnefs of the Skin, especially being 
 boiled with other Ingredients. It is 
 alfo good in Ointments. 
 
 THE DOCTOR'S OINT- 
 MENT. 
 
 ' Melt a Pound of Tallow, and 
 
 * while it is very hot, add of frefh 
 
 * Butter and Oil of St. John^s-XQorti 
 
 * of each half a Pound ; then take 
 
 * the Pot off the Fire, and when it 
 
 * has flood while it is half cold, mix 
 < with it Borax and Realgar both 
 « finely powdered, of each four Oun- 
 « ces ; Powder of Verdegreafe fix Oun- 
 
 * ces, and keep them flirring till all 
 
 * is perfeftly cold. 
 
 This Ointment is very good for 
 cleanfing Quitter- bones, and other foul 
 Ulcers after cauftick Applications. If 
 inftead of the Oil of St. John's-mrt, 
 you put in ten or twelve Ounces of 
 Honey, the Ointment will be the bet- 
 ter. It is alfo very good for all Ul- 
 cers about, the Coronet, and will 
 caufe a new Hoof to grow very 
 fiiiooth, whenever there is occafion 
 "for (harp Applications to it. 
 
 DODDER. 
 
 Dodder is good to purge Choler 
 and Phlegm from the Head, for Ob- 
 ftrudions of the Liver, Galls and Yel- 
 lows. 
 
 DOG'S-GRASS. 
 
 Dog*s-grafs or ^ick-grafs h good 
 in Obftrudions of the Liver and Gall, 
 Stoppage of Urine and Inflammati- 
 ons. The Seed being boiled provokes 
 Urine, and flops Lasks. 
 
 DOG'S-TURD. 
 
 Album Gr&cum, or Dog's -turd is 
 efteemed good in Cataplafms ufed 
 outwardly to abate Swellings and In- 
 flammations, efpecially in the Vives 
 or other Diforders about the Throat. 
 DOUBLE. 
 
 To double the Reins is faid of a 
 Horfe, when he leaps feveral times to 
 throw his Rider. 
 
 DOVE'S-FOOT. 
 Dove's- foot or Crane's-bill being 
 boil'd in IVine, is a good Wound- 
 drink for inward Wounds, Hurts or 
 Bruifes, and to cleanfe and heal out- 
 ward Sores, green Wounds and Ul- 
 cers. 
 
 DRAGONS. 
 
 Dragons is in great efleem in Far- 
 riers Books as a Refifter of Poifon, 
 and all kind of Malignity. 
 
 DRAGON'S-BLOOD. 
 
 Dragon's-blood is very much ufed 
 becaufe of its agglutinating quality, 
 and is upon that account often given 
 in Fluxes and HsEmorrhages, and for 
 the fame reafon it is a good Ingre- 
 dient in flrengthening Plaifters. 
 DRENCH. 
 
 A Drench is a Potion or Drink 
 prepared for a fick Horfe, and com- 
 pofed of feveral Drugs in a liquid 
 Form. 
 
 DRESSING. 
 A Horfe fliould be curried or drefs'd 
 tv^ice a Day, that is before Water, 
 and when he has been curried, he 
 
 ;^K)uld 
 
D R 
 
 (if9) 
 
 D R 
 
 ftould be well rubbed with the 
 Hand, and with a Rubber : His 
 Head Hiould be rubbed with a wet 
 Cloth, and his Cods cleaned with a 
 dry one, or elfe will grow fcabby 
 between the Legs. His Fore- top, 
 Main and Tail fhculd be wetted with 
 a wet Mane-comb i and where the 
 Hair is thinneft, there he Ihould be 
 curried the gentled. 
 
 DROPSY. 
 
 The Bropfy is an ill Habit of Bo- 
 dy, proceeding from Surfeirs and im- 
 moderate Labour, alters the Colour 
 and Complexion of the Horfe, and 
 changeth the Hair in fb unnatural a 
 manner, that the Horfe will hardly 
 be known to be the fame Horfe, e- 
 ven by thofc that knew him perfedt- 
 ly well. 
 
 There is a Drynefs or Confumpti- 
 on of the Flefh, which the Farriers 
 call a Dropfy, which is apparently 
 feen when the Horfe by diflike lofes 
 his true natural Colour, and when a 
 Bay Colour turns to Dunnefs j a Black 
 to Duskifhnefs, and a White to an 
 Afhinefs, and when he lofes his Spi- 
 rit, Strength and Alacrity. 
 
 This does not come from want of 
 Nutriment, but from the want of 
 good Nutriment ; the Blood being 
 corrupted with Phlegm, Choler or 
 Melancholy (and as was formerly 
 thought ) either from the Spleen, or 
 the Weaknefs of the Stomach or Li- 
 ver, caufing a bad Digeflion. 
 
 Some are of Opinion, it proceeds 
 from foul feeding, or much idlenefs ; 
 but more probably either from difbr- 
 derly riding, or from hunger, or 
 from barren woody keeping. That 
 there is little or no difference be- 
 tween it and the Dropfy. 
 
 As for the Dropfy, it is diflin- 
 guifhed by fome into three forts ^ 
 firft an univerfal Swelling of the Bo- 
 dy, but efpecially the Lungs; by the 
 abundance of Water that lies between 
 ;he Skin and the Flefh. The fecond 
 
 is a Swelling in the Covering or Bot- 
 tom of the Belly, as if the Horfe 
 were with Foal, which is only a wa- 
 terifh Humour that lies between the 
 Skin and the Rim, The third is a 
 Swelling in the ftme Place, by the 
 like Humours which lie betwixt the 
 great Bag and the Kell. 
 
 The Signs of this Difeafe.'] Are 
 fhortnefs of Breath, Swelling of the 
 Body or Legs, the lofs of the natural 
 Colour, no Appetite to Meat, and a 
 continual Thirf! i the Back, Buttocks 
 and Flank will be dry, and fhrunk 
 up to the Bones. The Veins will be 
 hid that they cannot be feen ; and 
 wherever you prefs your Finger hard 
 againfl the Horfe's Body, the print 
 will remain fome time, and the Flefh 
 will not rife for a good while after. 
 When the Horfe lies down he will 
 fpread out his Limbs, and not dra;^ 
 them round together, and his Hair 
 will fhed with the leafl rubbing. 
 
 Some make but two Dropfys, a 
 wet Dropfy and a windy Dropfy ; 
 but they are all one with thofe be- 
 fore-mentioned, have the fame Signs, 
 and the fame Cure. 
 
 The Cure.'] * The antient Farriers 
 ' ufed to cover the Horfe warm with 
 « many Cloths, and put him into a 
 ' Sweat, either by Exercife or other- 
 
 * wife. They rub his Body againfl 
 « the Hair, and give him for the 
 
 * greatefl part of his Food, Colercorts, 
 
 * SmalUge and Elming Boughs, or a- 
 
 * ny thing that will keep his Body 
 ' fbluble, and provoke Urine ; but if 
 
 * this Food be wanting, he may have 
 ' Grafs or Hay fprinkled with Wa- 
 « ter, and fometimes a fort of Pulfs 
 f called Cicke, fleeped four and twen- 
 
 * ty Hours in Water, and afterwards 
 
 * lain to drain. 
 
 ' Some give the Horfe Farpy 
 < flamp'd and mix't with IVme^ or 
 
 * elfe the Root of the Herb Fun^ix, 
 
 * (lam^ t and mixed with {Vine, 
 
 < Some 
 
DR 
 
 (iSoJ 
 
 D U 
 
 * Some Farriers are for flitting the 
 
 * Belly a Handful behind the Navel, 
 
 * that the Wind and Water may if- 
 ' fue out by degrees ; but this is 
 
 * fcarce to be done without the ut- 
 
 * ter fpoiling and killing of the Horfe j 
 ' becaufe the Horfe will never be 
 
 * drefs'd but by Violence, and that 
 « Violence will bring down his Keli, 
 « fo that it will never be recovered. 
 
 And as for Dropfys in the Belly, 
 thefe they fay are rarely cured ; but 
 as to the Dropfy, /. e. when the Legs 
 fwell, and the Colour of the Hair 
 changes. 
 
 Some Moderns fay, that tho' all 
 ZngliJJj Authors have reckoned a 
 Dropfy among the Difeafcs of Hor- 
 fes, and affirm that they have cured 
 it all in its different kinds; yet that 
 which moft ufually happens to Hor- 
 ies, is what Farriers call the univer- 
 fal Dropfy, that lliews ft felf more 
 or lefs in all the external Parts of the 
 Body, but efpeciaily the Legs and 
 Thighs; and as has been obferved in 
 Cafes of Greafey when that happens 
 both before and behind, it generally 
 proceeds from a Dropfical Difpofi- 
 tion. 
 
 The Caufes.'] Thefe are attributed 
 to all kinds of ill ufage; but efpeciai- 
 ly to bleeding and purging Horfes be- 
 yond their Strength ; in that fuch un- 
 feafbnable Evacuations make the Blood 
 languid and flow in its Motion ; and 
 for want of Spirits it has not force 
 enough to reach the Paffages of the 
 Skin, fo as to make the ufual Dif- 
 charge ; but the ferous Parts of it 
 burfl through the fmall VefTels, and 
 are depofited under the Skin or flefhy 
 Pannicle. 
 
 The Cure.'] Tho' this Diftemper 
 is fbmetimes caufed by purging to 
 cxcefs, in that it divefls the Blood 
 from its fpirituous and balfamick 
 Parts; yet purging muft again be 
 rnade ufe of to attenuate the Vifcidi- 
 tles of its Serum i but thefe Medi- 
 
 cines mufl be fuch as befides their 
 purging Quality, have a Quality pro- 
 per to communicate Warmth and 
 Vigour to the Blood, ^c. For which 
 purpofe the following is recommen- 
 ded : 
 
 * Take an Ounce and a half of ^a- 
 ' lapy two Ounces of Seeds of Dwarf 
 
 * Elder, Nutmegs and Ginger, of eacn 
 ' half an Ounce, of Gawl>age two 
 
 * Drams ; reduce them into a fine 
 
 * Powder, and make them into Balls, 
 ' with a quantity of Turpentine that 
 
 * is fufficient for that Purpole. Dip 
 
 * them in Oil, and give them the 
 
 * Horfe with the ufual Precautions. 
 ' Give them every other Day for 
 ' fourteen Days, and thofe Days the 
 ' Horfe does not purge, give him an 
 
 * Ounce or fix Drams of Antimony. 
 
 And in order to promote fweating, 
 which is of great fervice, give him 
 the following Dofe as often as you 
 fliall fee occafion. 
 
 * Take a quarter of a Pound of Ve- 
 
 * nice Treacle, two Drams of Uat- 
 ' thew's Pill, Camphire and Salt of 
 
 * Harts-horn, of each fifteen Grains; 
 
 * mix all well together, and give 
 
 * them to the Horfe in a Quart of 
 
 * hot Ale. And if this fliould not 
 
 * raife a Sweat, cover him in a Dung- 
 < hill. 
 
 Alio in this cafe regard is to be 
 had to the Diet of the Horfe : For 
 tho* he ought not to be fed too 
 high; yet his Food fhould be fuch as 
 is proper to make fbmc amends for 
 the lofs he mufl fuftain by fo many 
 Purges, Sweatings, and other Evacua- 
 tions; and therefore he may be al- 
 low'd once a Day after the Operation 
 of his Phyiick, a large Meafure of 
 clean Oats, with two Ounces of Car- 
 ravoay-feeds, and an Ounce of Seeds 
 oi Dwarf Elder flrew'd among them, 
 DUCK'S-MEAT. 
 
 Duck's-meat is good in Inflamma-; 
 tions and St. ^thonfz Fire, 
 
 THE 
 
D U 
 
 ( i6i ) 
 
 D Y 
 
 THE DUKE'S OINTMENT. 
 « Take clear pure Linfeed Oil one 
 « Pound, Flour of Brimjione a quar- 
 
 * ter of a Pound, put it into a 
 
 * Matrafs or Glafs-vial with a long 
 
 * Neck, letting it ftand in a mode- 
 
 * rate Sand heat for an Hour, and 
 
 * then augment the Heat, and keep 
 
 * it up to the fame degree till the 
 5 Flour is perfeftly dilTolv'd. Then 
 « melt a Pound o^ Tallow, Boar's or 
 
 * Horfe's-greafe with a quarter of a 
 
 * Pound of IVax in another VefTel, 
 
 * and pour the Linfeed Oil and Tlour 
 
 * of Brimjione into it, before they are 
 « quite cold, then take it from the 
 
 * Fire, and ftir the Ointment with a 
 
 * Slice o\ Alconet till it is quite cold. 
 
 This Ointment is good to rub the 
 "Withers or Hams, or any other Parts 
 of a Horfe, when they are inflamed 
 or fwell'd by Blows or Bruiles i it 
 generally takes down the Swelling, 
 abates the Heat and Inflammation 
 without bringing it to a Suppuration. 
 It is alfo good to anoint any part that 
 is mangy. 
 
 DULL. 
 
 The Marks of a dull ftupid Horfe 
 are white Spots round the Eye, and 
 on the Tip of the Nofe, upon any 
 general Colour whatfoever. 
 
 Thefe Marks are hard to be diflin- 
 guifhed in a white Horfe, but tho' 
 the common People account thefe 
 Spots to be Signs of Stupidity; they 
 are a great Sign of the Goodnefs of 
 a Horfe, and the Horfes that have 
 them are very fenfible and quick up- 
 on the Spur. 
 
 DUNG. 
 
 If the Dung of a Horfe be clear, 
 crifp, and ot a pale and v/hitifh yel- 
 
 low Complexion, and hangs together 
 without Separation, more than as the 
 Weight breaks it in its falling, being 
 neither fo thin that it will run, nor 
 fo thick but that it will lye a little 
 flat on the Ground, and fomething 
 refemble the Ordure of a found Man 
 in Savour and Subftance; the Horfe 
 is then clean, well fed and without 
 Imperfcdion. 
 
 If the Dung be well coloured, but 
 falls from him in round Knots or 
 Pellets, and all his Dung be alike, it 
 is a Sign of foul Feeding, and that he 
 has eaten too much Hay or Litter, 
 and too little Corn. 
 
 If the Dung be in round Pellets 
 and blackifh or brown, it is a Sign 
 of inward Heat in the Body ; if it 
 is greafy, it is a Sign of foulnefs, and 
 that his Greafe is moulten, but can- 
 not come away. 
 
 If he voids Greafe in grofs Sub- 
 fiance with his Dung, if the Greafe 
 be white and clear, then it comes a- 
 way kindly, and he is in no danger ; 
 but if it be yellow and putrified, the 
 Greafe has lain long in the Body, and 
 Sicknefs will likely enfiie, if not pre- 
 vented. 
 
 If the Dung is red and hard, the 
 Horfe has had too flrong Heats, and 
 Coftivenefs will follow. 
 
 If the Dung be pale and loofe, it is 
 a Sign of inward Coldnefs of Body, 
 or too much moifl feeding. G. J. 
 DYER'S-WEED. 
 
 Dyer s -weed is of a quality cutting, 
 attenuating, opening and digefting -, it 
 is good againft the biting of veno- 
 mous Beafts and Poifon, apply*d el^ 
 ther inwardly or outwardly. 
 
 M 
 
 E. ear; 
 
E A 
 
 ( i6i) 
 
 E A 
 
 ^^@^^^@t@^t@^@^^0^@^^^^ 
 
 EAR. 
 
 SOlkyfell %s, the Ears of a Horfe 
 (hould be little, narrow, ftrait and 
 hardy, and the whole Confidence of 
 them thin and delicate j they ought 
 to be well placed, that \s, there (hould 
 be but little diftance betwixt themj 
 they fhould be placed upon the very 
 Top of the Head, and their Points 
 when ftiled or pricked up fliould be 
 nearer to one another than their 
 Roots. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have a bold, 
 hardy, or brisk Ear, when he carries 
 his Ears pointed forward, as much as 
 poiTible, in galloping or travelling. 
 "When a Horfe is travelling, he fhould 
 keep his Ears firm. 
 
 When the Ears oF a Horfe are low, 
 they are not right plac'n, and then 
 they are alio commonly long, and lol- 
 ling, and are called Leave-ears j but 
 fuch Horfes are commonly very du- 
 rable ; tho' it is very unbecoming. 
 
 The Ear \s divided into the exter- 
 nal and internal. The external is that 
 part which a Horfe moves back- 
 wards and forwards at pleafure. The 
 life of it is partly for Ornament, and 
 partly to gather all Sounds and to 
 tranfmit them to the internal. 
 
 The internal Ear confifts of feve- 
 ral Parts that are very curious, and 
 are fcated in the Cavity of the Os 
 IBetrofum. As follows : 
 
 I. The Drum with its Cord and 
 Mufcles. The Brum is a very thin 
 nervous round and transparent Mem- 
 brane, arifing from the Ibfter procefs 
 of the auditory Nerve expanded. It 
 is very dry, that it may be the apter 
 for hearing, or give the better Echo 
 
 to the Sound j and ftrong, that it 
 may be the better able to endure loud 
 Sounds, or outward Harms or Inju- 
 ries} for if this be once broke, or a- 
 ny ways relaxed, there will a Deaf- 
 nefs unavoidably eniue. 
 
 2. The Concha, which is a Cavi- 
 ty within the Membrane of the 
 Drum. In this Concha are four lit- 
 tle Bones, which are bound toge- 
 ther by a fmall Ligament proceeding 
 from the Cord of the Drum. The 
 firft of ,thefe is call'd the Malleolus 
 or little Hammer^ and lies upon the 
 fecond, which is call'd the Incui or 
 Anvil. The third is call'd the Stir- 
 ropy which in a Horfe is triangular 
 like the Greek Letter A. Upon the 
 upper Part of the Stirrop ftands the 
 longeft Foot of the Anvtl. And the 
 fourth is call'd Orbicular, from its 
 round fhape and is tied with a flen- 
 der Ligament to the fide of the Stir- 
 rop, and is there faftened to the An- 
 "M. The ufe of thefe Bones is to 
 defend the Membrane of the Dr«w, 
 and prevent it from being torn or 
 beat inward, by the violent Vibrati- 
 ons or (ha king of the outward Air 
 in loud Sounds, and thus are aflfiftant 
 to the Senfe ot Hearing. When the 
 external Air beats upon the Drum, 
 it is driven againft the Hammer, and 
 that ftrikes upon the Anvil -^ as the 
 Anvil bears againft the Stirrop, and 
 as this force is more or lefs ftrongj, 
 fo the Stirrop opens the Oval Win- 
 dow more or kk» and the Sound ap- 
 pears louder or lower in Propor- 
 tion. 
 
 The Cavities within the Os Fetro- 
 fum are three. The firfl, in which 
 
 thefe 
 
E A 
 
 ( 163) 
 
 E A 
 
 thefe little Bones are fituated, is cal- 
 led the Concha, from its reiemblance 
 to the Shell of a Taber. When 
 the Membrane is ftruck upon by any 
 outward Sound, the Echo is made 
 in this Cavity, as in a common 
 Drum. 
 
 Nature hath placed divers Inftru- 
 ments in this Cavity j fome of which 
 are for Puliation, as the four before- 
 mentioned little Bones; ibme are for 
 conducting the Air into the other 
 Cavities; of this fort are the two 
 fmall Perforations commonly called 
 the Windows. The third ibrt are for 
 Purgation, and are thofe by which 
 the pituitous Matter, which is col- 
 letled in this Cavity, is difcharged 
 towards the Palate and Nofe. 
 
 As to the Oval Window : The 
 firft of the two Perforations, which 
 is the upper and larger, takes its 
 Name from its Figure ; this is kept 
 fhut next the Concha by the Balis of 
 the Stirrop, as often as the Sound cea- 
 fcs. The other Perforation called Ro- 
 tunda is round, and is always open, 
 and hath no covering, being divi- 
 ded by the Os Squammofum into two 
 Pipes, one of which tends to the 
 Cochlea^ the other into the Laby- 
 rinth. 
 
 The lecond Cavity of the inward 
 Ear is the Labyrinth, whole ule is to 
 modulate the Sounds by its leveral 
 Turnings and Windings (which are 
 fomething circular) in fuch manner 
 that they may be leifurely commu- 
 nicated to the auditory Nerve, which 
 is difperfed through the Membrane 
 that invells this Cavity. 
 
 Befides thefe two Windows, which 
 open into this Cavity, there is one 
 Perforation which opens out of it 
 into the inner Cavity called the Coch- 
 lea, into which the Air pafles afrer 
 it has been agitated in this Cavity 
 and the Concha. 
 
 There are alio befides thefe four 
 other fmall Holes for the Ingrefs of 
 
 the nervous Fibres, that are inferted 
 on the Membrane which invefts it. 
 
 5. The Cochlea, is the third and 
 inncrmofl: Cavity, and takes its Name 
 from its likenels to a Snail's Shell, 
 elpecially as to its fpiral windings; it 
 is a great deal lefs than either of the 
 two former, but invefted with a 
 thin Membrane as the others are, in- 
 to which alio the flender Fibres of 
 the auditory Nerve enter. 
 
 This Cavity is fill'd with the in- 
 ternal, inbred Air, as well as the for- 
 mer, and by this the Echo is made 
 to the Impulle of the external Air 
 upon the Tympanumy which is the 
 Vehicle of Sound ; and the auditory 
 Nerves being inferred into the Mem- 
 brane that cloaths all thofe Cavities, 
 it is alFeded with it, and by that 
 means comes to be communicated 
 to the Original of the Nerves, where 
 all Sounds are diftinguifhed. 
 
 Wide-eared, a Horfe is laid to be 
 •wide-earedy if the Root or lower part 
 of the Ear is placed too low. 
 IMPOSTHUME IN THE 
 EAR. 
 
 The Caufe.'] Impofthumes in the 
 Ear may proceed from fome great 
 Blow upon the Head, or from wring- 
 ing with a hard Halter, or by a bad 
 Humour congealed by the Ear from 
 an extreme Cold. 
 
 The Signs Are a burning and 
 painful Swelling about the Roots of 
 the Ears, and the other Parts there- 
 abouts. 
 
 The Cure.'] Some advife firft to 
 ripen thelmpofthumewith thisPlaiA 
 ter : ' Take half a Pint of Li?;feeJ 
 ' finely powdered, the lame quantity 
 
 * o? Wheaten-flour, a ?'mt of Honey, 
 ' of Barrovos-greafe one Pound; put 
 « them into an earthen Pipkin, fee it 
 
 * on the Fire, keep them continually 
 < ftirring with a Stick, till they ire 
 
 * thoroughly mingled and incorpora- 
 « ted together ; fpread a Plaifter the 
 
 * breadth of the Swelling, but no lar- 
 
E A 
 
 ( 164) 
 
 E B 
 
 ' ger, and lay it on warm ; let it lye 
 
 * on for 2.4 Hours, and put on a 
 « frefli Plaifter once every 24 Hours, 
 
 * till it either breaks or grows ripe 
 
 * that you may launce it; which do 
 « downwards, that the Matter may 
 
 * have paflage out ; and tent it with 
 
 * a Tent of Flax, dipp'd in the fol- 
 
 * lowing Salve: 
 
 * Take Mel Rofatum, Sallet Oil 
 ' and Turpentine, of each two Oun- 
 
 * ces, and mingle them together; and 
 « make a Biggin of Canvafs for the 
 
 * Horfe to keep in the Tent, and put 
 « in a frefli Tent once a Day till it 
 
 * is well. 
 
 * But if the Horie has only a Pain 
 « in his Ears, without any great In- 
 ' flammation ; then put a little hUck 
 
 * Wool dipt in Oil of Mile into his 
 ' Ear, and that will give him eafe. 
 
 * But if the Impofthume be broke 
 
 * before you perceive it, and theMat- 
 
 * ter run from his Ears, then mix e- 
 
 * qual quantities of Oil of Kofes, Ve- 
 
 * nice Turpentine and Honey well to- 
 
 * gether, make it lukewarm, and dip 
 
 * Slack TVool into it, and put it into 
 
 * the running Ear, repeating it once 
 ^ a Day till it ceafes to run. 
 
 * Alfo the Juice of I'vy that grows 
 
 * on a Pale or Wall, being put into 
 « the Ear will flay the running of it, 
 « altho* it has been of long conti- 
 
 * nuance, and will help old Ulcers 
 « and Impofthumes bred there, and if 
 ' you think it too fliarp of it felf, 
 ' you may mix it with Oil of Ro- 
 
 * Take Pepper, beat it and fearce 
 
 * it, the Juice of a Handful of Rue, 
 ' two Spoonfuls of white Wlne-vl- 
 
 ' ' negary and one Spoonful of try'd 
 
 * Hog* s-gr eafe, and dip black Wool in- 
 
 * to it, and flop the Ears with it, 
 « and ftitch them up fo that it can- 
 
 * not come out; repeat this once in 
 
 * two Days till the Swelling is gone, 
 « and it will cure it, whether the 
 I Swelling, Impofthumation or In- 
 
 ' flammation be in the Ears, FaceJ 
 ' Head or Throat of the Horfe. 
 
 The fame Medicine will be of ufe 
 if the Grief be in any part of the Bo- 
 dy ; the fwelled Place being anointed 
 once a Day with it. 
 
 SEALED EARTH. 
 
 The beft fort oi fealeJ Earth is of 
 a dark purple Colour, and very rough 
 upon the Palate, and is fuppos'd by 
 feme to be the infpiflate Juice of a 
 Fruit in the Eajl Indies, whofe Qua- 
 lities are much like our E?igllJJj Sloes, 
 It is ufed for the fame Purpofes as 
 Aflringents and Dryers, as is alfo 
 Earth of Japan, Earth of Lemnos, 
 and Earth of Samos ; but the Earth 
 of J-ap.m is efteemed the moft ef- 
 ficacious, being very powerful as to 
 flopping all Fluxes in the Belly, and 
 drying up all Rheums and Defluxions 
 of what kind foever. 
 
 OIL OF EARTH-WORMS. 
 
 * Take a Pound of Earth-worms 
 
 * well cleanfed, Olive Oil four Pounds, 
 ' and White-wine a Pint; boil them 
 
 * together till the Wine is evapora^ 
 
 * ted, and the Worms are become 
 ' crifpy, then flrain out the Oil for 
 
 * ufe. 
 
 This is accounted good in all Griefs 
 in the Shoulders, Loins, Hips, Legs, 
 and in all the nervous Parts, whether 
 they proceed from Wounds or Brui- 
 fes, by cold Surfeits or by any other 
 Accidents. 
 
 EBRILLADE. 
 
 EhrllUile is a Check of the Bridle, 
 which a Horfe-man gives a Horfe by 
 a Jerk of one Rein, when he refufes 
 to turn. It differs from a Saccade in 
 this, that the latter is made by a Jerk 
 with both Reins at once. Moft Per- 
 fons do confound thefe two Words 
 under the general Name of a Check 
 or Jerk of the Bridle ; but it is al- 
 ways a Chafllfement and no Aid, and 
 the ufe of it is baniflied the Acade- 
 mies. 
 
 EBUL« 
 
E F 
 
 ( i6s ) 
 
 E G 
 
 EBULLITION. 
 
 :EhHll'ttion is any boiling up, like 
 that of Water over the Fire ; but is 
 generally ufed to fignify that llrug- 
 gling or Effervefccnce that arifes frorn 
 the mingling together of any alkali- 
 zate and acid Liquor : And hence a- 
 ny inteftine and violent Motion of the 
 Parts of a Fluid, which are occaf.o- 
 ned by the ftruggling of Particles ot 
 different Properties is called by this 
 Name. 
 
 ECAVESADE. 
 
 An Ec Ave fade is a Jerk of the 
 Cuvezun. 
 
 E C H A P E. 
 
 Hand which ferve to conduft the 
 Horfe. There are four EfPedts of the 
 Hand, or four ways of ufing a Bri- 
 dle, viz.. To pufli a Horfe forward, 
 or give him head ; to hold him in ; 
 and to turn the Hand either to the 
 right or left. 
 
 EFFERVESCENCE. 
 Ejftr'jefcence lignifies a greater de- 
 gree of motion or ftruggling of the 
 fmall Parts of a Liquor, than is com- 
 monly underftood by Fermentation 
 or Ebullition 5 and as fuch occafions 
 great Heats. 
 
 EFFLORESCENCE. 
 
 Ifflorefcence is a flowering out, and 
 An Echape is a Horfe got between j^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ -^ ^^^ breaking out of 
 Stallion and a Mare of different fome Humours in the Skin, as in the 
 
 Meafles and the like, 
 
 EFFLUVIA. 
 Effluvia are thofe Particles that are 
 continually flying off from Bodies j 
 the fubtilty and finenels of which 
 appears from their being able a long 
 time together to produce very fenli- 
 ble Effedls, without any fenfible Di- 
 
 a 
 
 Breeds. French Term. 
 
 E C H A P E R. 
 Echciper is a French Term ufed in 
 the Academies, which implies to give 
 him head, or put on at full fpeed. 
 E C O U T E. 
 Ecoute is a Pace or Motion of a 
 Horfe i he is faid to be Ecoute or lif- 
 
 tening, when he rides well upon the minution of the Body, from which 
 Hand and the Heels, compadlly put they arife : And the confiderable Ef- 
 
 upon the Haunches; and hears or lif- 
 tens to the Heels or Spurs, and con- 
 tinues duly ballanced between _ the 
 Heels without throwing to either 
 fide. This is when a Horfe has a 
 iine Senfe of the Aids of the Hand 
 and Heels. 
 
 E C U R I E. 
 An Ecurie is a Place covered for 
 the Lodging or Houfing of Horfes. 
 E C U Y E R. 
 An Ecuyer in the Academy or Ma- 
 nage, is the Riding-mafter. In the do very greatly abate Heat and In-" 
 Court of France, he is a Querry who flammation. 
 
 helps the King in mounting his Horfe, The Yolks are frequently given 
 
 e^c. and alfo a Queen's Gentlemen to help a Horfe's Wind, being both 
 
 Ufhers, and Mafters of the Horfe to emollient and cleanfing. Being min- 
 
 Perfons of Quality. gled with Turpemine, they are a very 
 
 EFFECTS. good Ingredient to fofcen and abate 
 
 EffeBs of the Hand are accounted the fliarpnefs of the TurpentimyVjKxch. 
 
 the Aids, r. e. the Motions of the when ic is ufed by it fclf as aDigel- 
 
 • M 5 tive. 
 
 fe£ls they may have upon other Bo- 
 dies, within the Sphere of their Adi- 
 vity. 
 
 EGGS. 
 The Whites of Eggs are ufeful in 
 outward Applications; for they bind 
 and aftringe by their Tenacity, and 
 are thereibre good to keep down a 
 Swelling, and prevent the too great 
 Relaxation of the Parts, after a 
 Wound or Bruife. And alfo being 
 beaten into a Foam with Allum» they 
 
E L 
 
 C 1^6) 
 
 E M 
 
 ti've, draws fo flrongly, as to hinder 
 the Reunion of Wounds or Ulcers. 
 
 EGUILLETTE, See YERK. 
 EJECTION. 
 
 'EjeBion is the Difcharge of any 
 thing by Vomit, Stool, or any other 
 Eir.uniiory. 
 
 ELDER. 
 
 Elder Leaves are cleanfing 5 but 
 they are mcrtjy ufed outwardly in 
 Cataplafms to mollify and fofcen en- 
 flamed hard Swellings. The Bark of 
 the Root is good againft the biting 
 of venomous Beafts. The Juice is 
 good for Inflammations in the Eyes, 
 Burns or Scalds. 
 
 Elder-berries are generally account- 
 ed modernteiy deterfive and cleanling, 
 and efficacious not only in all Ob- 
 ftrudions in ihQ Vi/cera but in out- 
 ward Foulneflesj and therefore the 
 Syrup made of their Juice, is a very 
 proper Liquid to make up divers 
 kinds of Medicines into form. 
 DWARF ELDER, or DANE- 
 WORT, or WALLWORT. 
 
 The Leaves are not much in ufe, 
 ( fee the Bark ) it is more powerful 
 than the common Eider, and has all 
 the Virtues of it. 
 
 ELECAMPANE. 
 
 Elecampane is good for Colds, 
 Coughs and Ihort Windednefs warm, 
 opening and cleanfing, and very effi- 
 cacious in removing Obftrud:ions of 
 the Lungs proceeding from Colds, 
 Surfeits or any other Mifmanage- 
 ment, caufing Purfivenefs. It is alfo a 
 Reftoratjve, healing inward Ulcers, 
 and giving frefli Vigor to the Solids 
 after they have been wafled by Hec- 
 tick and Confumptive Diibrders. It 
 5s a very excellent Root, and 'very 
 well adapted to Horfes. The beft 
 way of ufmg it, is either in Powder 
 or made into Balls. 
 
 ELECTUARY. 
 
 EleBuary is a Form of Medicine 
 made of Conferves, Powders, Spices, 
 &c, into the confiftence of Honey- or 
 
 the Pap of a roafted Apple, to be di- 
 vided into Doies, when taken like a 
 Bole. 
 
 ELIXIR. 
 
 Elixir is a Medicine made by ftrong 
 Infufion, where the Ingredients are 
 almoft diffolved in the Menflruum, 
 and gives it a thicker confidence than 
 a Tinfture. 
 
 EMBARRER, See BAR. 
 EMBRACE. 
 
 To embrace the Volt. A Horfe is 
 faid to embrace the Volt, when in 
 working upon Volts, he makes good 
 way every time with his Fore-legs. 
 
 If a Horfe does not embrace a 
 good deal of Ground ; he'll only beat 
 the Duft, that is, he'll put his Fore- 
 feet juft by the Place from whence 
 he lifted them up. Thus the Term 
 oppofite to embracing the Volt, is to 
 beat the Buft, 
 
 Such a Horfe has embrac'd a good 
 deal of Ground ; for from the Place 
 where his Fore- feet flood to where 
 they now fland, he has embrac'd, or 
 gone over a Foot and an half. 
 
 A Horfe cannot take in too much 
 Ground provided, his Croupe does 
 not throw out, that is provided it 
 does not go out of the Volt. 
 EMBROCATION. 
 
 Embrocation is the rubbing into a 
 Part diftempercd any medicinal Li- 
 quors or Spirits. 
 
 E M E T I C K. 
 
 Emetick is apply'd to any thing 
 that works by vomiting. 
 
 The difference between Emetick 
 and Purgative Medicmes is this i that 
 the Particles of Purgative Medicines 
 do not immediately vellicate the Fi- 
 bres of the Stomach, dilate the Ori- 
 fices, and attenuate the Matter con- 
 tained in the Glands of the Stomach j 
 but aft gently, and affift the natural 
 Morion of Digeflion; and fo are car- 
 ried down into the Guts, ^^incey. 
 
 EMIELLURE, See CHARGE. 
 
 EMPLASTER, See PLASTER. 
 EMOL" 
 
E M 
 
 (167) 
 
 E N 
 
 EMOLLIENTS. 
 
 Emollients are fuch things as fheath 
 and foften the Afperities of the Hu- 
 mours, and relax and fupple the So- 
 lids at the fame time. The manner 
 of thefe Medicines performing both 
 Operations may eafily be conceived : 
 For by what means foever, the Jui- 
 ces have obtain'd any Iharpnefs or af^ 
 perity, either in the Stomach or any 
 other Parts, fb as to vellicate and ren- 
 der the Fibres and nervous Parts ve- 
 ry uneafy; fmooth, foft and yielding 
 things wrap up their Points, and ren- 
 der them imperceptible, whereby 
 they may by the proper Courle of 
 Circulation, be gradually brought to 
 fbrae convenient Emundlory, with- 
 out doing any Injury by the way. 
 
 Such Parts likewife draw the Fi- 
 bres into Spafms, and keep them too 
 tenle, and by that means occafion 
 th" word of bbftruftions. Therefore 
 i I all fuch Cafes, Emollients lubri- 
 cate and moiften the Fibres, fo as 
 to relax them into their proper Di- 
 menfions, upon which the Diforders 
 ceafe, that proceed from a contrary 
 Diipofition. 
 
 EMPIRICK. 
 An Impirick is one who has had 
 no true Education in, or Knowledge 
 of, the Grounds of the Pradice of 
 Phyfick, but ventures upon hear-fay 
 and Obiervation only. 
 
 EMULGENT. 
 The emulgent Veflels are Arteries 
 and Veins that belong to the Kid- 
 neys. 
 
 EMULSION. 
 An Emulfion is a Form of Medi- 
 cine made by bruiiing oily Seeds and 
 kernels, and drawing out their Sub- 
 ftance by fome Liquor, that thereby 
 becomes milky. And thefe are gene- 
 rally of the emollient kind. 
 
 EMUNCTORIES. 
 "Emunclories are thofe Parts of the 
 Body, where any thing excrementi- 
 
 tious is leparated and colleded to be 
 in readinefs to be eje6led. 
 
 ENCRAINE. 
 
 Encraine is an old oblblete Word, 
 fignifying a Horfe wither-wrung, or 
 ipoil'd in the Withers. 
 
 ENDIVE. 
 
 Endive is fomewhat binding, and 
 a fine cooling, cleanfing Plant. 
 
 The Garden Endive is colder, and 
 not fo dry and cleanfing. The Juice 
 or the Water of it, is good to cool 
 the exceflive Heat of the Stomach 
 and Liver, or any Inflammation in 
 any part of the Body; and being ap- 
 ply'd outwardly, it is good for Ul- 
 cers, hard Swellings and peftilential 
 Sores. 
 
 ENLARGE. 
 
 To enlarge a Horfe, or make him 
 go large, is to make him embrace 
 more Ground than he covered. This 
 is done when a Horle works upon a 
 Round, or upon Volts, and approach- 
 es too near the Center, ib that you 
 would have him gain more Ground, 
 or to take a greater Compafs. 
 
 To enlarge a Horfe, he is to be 
 prick'd with both the Heels, or aided 
 with the Calves of the Legs, bearing 
 your Hand outwards. When your 
 Horfe narrows, enlarge him, prick- 
 ing him with the inner Heel, and 
 fuftain him with the outer Leg in 
 order to prefs him forwards, and 
 make his Shoulders go. 
 
 Upon fuch occafions the Riding- 
 matters cry only Urge, Urge. 
 ENTABLER, 
 EntaHer is a Word ufed in the A- 
 cademies, and is apply'd to a Horfe, 
 whofe Croup goes before his ShouK 
 ders, working upon Volts ; for in a 
 regular Manage, one half of the Shoul- 
 ders ought to go before the Croupe. 
 
 A Horfe entables, for in working 
 
 to the right, he is inclin'd to throw 
 
 himfelf upon the right Heelj which 
 
 Fault you may prevent by taking 
 
 M 4. hold 
 
EN ( 168 ) 
 
 hold of the right Rein, and keeping 
 your right Leg near, and removing 
 your Leg as far as the Horfe's Shoul- 
 der. 
 
 A Horie cannot commit this Fault, 
 \vi:hout committing that Fault which 
 in the Academies is called Aculery 
 which fee. But Aculer may be with- 
 out Emabler. 
 
 ENTERFERING. 
 
 interfering is when a Horfe thro' 
 a natural ftraitnefs in his Pace, or by 
 reafon of an ill and too broad fliooirg, 
 goes fo narrow behind with his hin- 
 der Feet, that he hits the one againft 
 the other, upon the infide of his 
 Legs, even with the Paftern-joint ; 
 and by this hitting, there grows hard, 
 mattery Scabs, which are fo fore, 
 that the Horfe oftentimes halts. 
 
 The Signs?^ Thefe are the ftrait- 
 nefs of his going, and the Scabs. 
 ^ The Cure.'] The Method of cu- 
 ring this Infirmity, confifts as much 
 in Prevention as in Salve. As to the 
 Prevention, that is by keeping the 
 Horfe from hitting the one Leg a- 
 gainfl: the other j and this is done by 
 the Method of making his hinder 
 Shoes, thar he may go wider and 
 not touch. When the Hurt is re- 
 ceived, the Salve to cure it is this 
 that follows : « Take May Butter, or 
 « f refh Greafe or frefli Butter, a good 
 
 * quantity of Kofji, and as much 
 
 * Nerve Oil; fry them in a Pan, then 
 
 * Jet it ftand till it is cold, then put 
 ^ it up in a Pot, and put a little Cow- 
 
 * dung to it, and apply it to the Sore 
 ' Plaifter-wife, and it will heal it. 
 This is o;ood alio to cure the prick 
 of a Nail. 
 
 In order to help or hide it for a 
 fmall time, fome advife to faften a 
 nev/ Cord to his Dock, and having 
 made divers hard Knots in it, draw 
 it between his Legs, and faften it to 
 his Girths ; or elfe rub good ftore of 
 Starch between his Thighs. 
 
 E R 
 
 E N T I E R. 
 
 I.ntier is a French Word, and flgni- 
 fies a fort of refty Horfe, that re- 
 fufes to turn} and is £o far from fol- 
 lowing or obferviug the Hand, that 
 he refills it. In fuch cafe it is faid. 
 Your Horjfe is E'atier on the right 
 Hand ; He puts himfelf upon the 
 right Heel, and will not turn to the 
 right. 
 
 It a Horie is Entier, and refujfe to 
 turn to wliat Hand you would have 
 him ; provided he flics or parts for 
 the two Heels, you have nothing to 
 do to remedy it, but to put the blew- 
 cafile upon him, that is, to fupple 
 him with a Caveflbn, made after the 
 Duke of Newcajlle's way. 
 
 ENTORSES, See PASTERNS. 
 
 ENTRAVES and ENTRA- 
 VOUS, See LOCKS. 
 
 ENTREPAS. 
 Entrepas is a broken Pace or Go» 
 ing; and properly a broken Amble; 
 which is neither Walk nor Trot ; but 
 has fomewhat of an Amble. Horfes 
 that have no Reins or Back have this 
 Gate, and go upon their Shoulders; 
 or of fuch as are fpoil'd in their 
 Limbs. 
 
 E P A R E R. 
 
 Ep^rer is a Word ufed in the Ma- 
 nage, and fignifies the flinging of a 
 Horfe, or his yerking and ftriking 
 out with his Hind-legs. In Caprioles 
 a Horfc m^uft yerk out behind with 
 all his force ■■, but in Balotades, he 
 ftrikes but half out ^ and in Croufades 
 he does not ftrike out his Hind-leg5 
 at all. 
 
 ERGOT. 
 
 An Ergot is a fort of Stub, like a 
 piece of foft Horn, about the bignefs 
 of a Chefnut, which is plac'd behind 
 and below the Paflern-joint, and is 
 commonly hid under the Tuft of the 
 Fet-lock. 
 
 To difergoty h to take out the £r- 
 gott which is to be done, by cleaving 
 
 it t© 
 
E S 
 
 ( 1^9 ) 
 
 EU 
 
 it to the quick with an Incifion- 
 Icnife, in order to pull up a Bladder 
 full of Water that lies hid under the 
 Ergot. They frequently perform this 
 Operation in Holland upon all four 
 Legs, with a deiign to prevent wate- 
 ry Sores and other foul Ulcers. 
 E R I N G O. 
 
 Eringo or Sea-holly is hot and moifl:, 
 is good for the Yellows, Dropfy, 
 Cholick, provokes Urine ; the Roots 
 bruifed and apply'd outwardly, are 
 good for the Farcin ; or taken in- 
 wardly for the fame Difeafe. It is 
 accounted a Strengthener of the Parts 
 of Generation, and a great Provoker 
 to Venery, and therefore may be pro- 
 per to be given to old Stallions a- 
 mong their Oats, being firft reduc'd 
 to a Powder, or made into Balls with 
 Flower. 
 
 ERRATICK. 
 
 Erratick Pains are wandering Pains. 
 
 ERRHINES. 
 Errhines are Medicines to fnuff or 
 put up the Nofe to caufe fiieezing, 
 to enliven the Spirits, or purge the 
 Head. 
 
 ERUCTATION. 
 Eruciat'ion fignifies belching. 
 
 ERUPTION. 
 
 Eruption is a breaking out. 
 ESCHAR. 
 
 Efchar is a hard Cruft or Scab 
 made by Efcharoticks or Cauftick 
 Medicines. 
 
 ESCLAME. 
 Efclame is an old Erench Word, 
 ufed to fignify a light-bellied Horfe. 
 ESQUIAVINE. 
 Efquiavine is an old French Word, 
 that fignifiec a long and fevere Chaf- 
 tifement of a Horfe in the Manage. 
 ESSENTIAL OILS. 
 EJfential Oils are fuch as are really 
 in a Plant, and drawn from it by 
 Piftillation, in diftindtion from tbofc 
 made by Infolation. 
 
 ESSENTIAL SALTS; 
 
 Ejfentid Salts are fuch as will 
 Chryftallize in the Juice, or an In- 
 fulion of Plants, in diftmclion from 
 thofe made by Incineration. 
 e's T R A C. 
 
 Efrac is a Trench Word, to figni- 
 fy a light bodied, lank bellied, thin 
 flank'd and narrow chefted Horfe. 
 ESTRAPADE. 
 
 "Ejlrapade is the Defence of a Horfe 
 that will not obeyj who to get rid 
 of his Rider, rifes mightily before ; 
 and while his Fore -hand is yet in the 
 Air, yerks furioufly with his Hind- 
 legs, ftriking higher than his Head 
 was before} and during this Counter- 
 time goes back rather than advances. 
 ESURINE SALTS. 
 
 Efurine Salts are fuch as are of a 
 corroding Nature, and abound in Pla- 
 ces near the Sea fide, and where great 
 quantity of Coal is burnt. 
 
 EVACUATION. 
 An Evacuation is any Diminution 
 of the animal Fluids, whether it be 
 by Catharthicks or Blood-letting, or 
 any other means. 
 
 EVACUATORS. 
 
 Evacmtors are all fuch Medicines 
 as exert their Efficacy on the Sto- 
 mach and Bowels by Vomit or Pur- 
 gation. 
 
 EVAPORATION. 
 Evaporation is that Operation in 
 Pharmacy, by which Liquids are 
 ipent or drove away in a Sreara, fb 
 as to leave fbme part ftronger,or of a 
 higher confidence than before. 
 EUPHORBIUM. 
 EHphcfrbium is of extraordinary- 
 Heat and Subtilty, and therefore is 
 reckoned among the Cauftick Medi- 
 cines. The Tindure of it is apply 'd 
 to Bones that are laid bare, and are 
 foul, to haften their Exfoliation ; but 
 it IS chiefly made ufe of in Plaifters 
 and Ointments. 
 
 EXAR- 
 
E Y 
 
 C170) 
 
 E Y 
 
 EXAil'TlCULATION. 
 
 ^xarticulation is a Bone being diC- 
 jointed j the fame as Luxation, 
 EXCORIATION. 
 
 Excoriation is a pulling off the 
 Skin. 
 
 EXCREMENTS, 5"^^ DUNG. 
 EXPECTORATION. 
 
 lExpecioration is the promoting thofe 
 Difcharges which are made by cough- 
 ing; as bringing up Phlegm, or any 
 thing that obftruas the Veffels of the 
 Lungs, and ftrengthens the Brearh. 
 EXPRESSED OILS. 
 
 Zxpre(fed Oils are fuch Oils as are 
 procured from any Bodies only by 
 prefling; as the Oils of Olivesl Al- 
 monds and the like. 
 
 TO EXTEND. 
 
 To extend a Horje is a Phrafe made 
 ufe of by Ibme Perfons to lignify to 
 make a Horfe go large. 
 
 EXULCERATION. 
 'Exulcercition is the fame as an Ul- 
 cer ; but is generally ufed to fignify 
 the beginning Erofion;:, which wear 
 away the Subilance, and form an Ul- 
 cer. 
 
 EYE-BRIGHT. 
 
 The diftilied Water is good to help 
 sll Infirmities of the Eyes that caufe 
 dimneis of Sight. 
 
 EYE. 
 
 A Horfe unJJjod of one lye is a ral- 
 lying Expreflion, meaning that the 
 Horie is blind of one Eye. 
 
 The Eye of the Branch of a Bridle ^ 
 is the uppermoft part of a Branch, 
 which is flat with a hole in it, in 
 order for the joining the Branch with 
 the Headflaff, and for keeping the 
 Curb faft. 
 
 The Eye of a Bean, is a black Speck 
 or Mark in the Cavity of the corner 
 Teeth of a Horfe, which is formed 
 there about the Age of five Years 
 and a half, and remains till fcven or 
 eight i and thence it is, that it is u- 
 
 fually iaid. Such a Horfe has no Mark, 
 and fuch a one has his Markjlill. 
 
 The Eye is compos'd of three Hu- 
 mours and four Tunides. 
 
 The outermoft Humour is call'd 
 the Aqueous or watery Humour, be- 
 ing thm and fluid like Water ; it fills 
 up the Space between the Cornea or 
 horne)^ Coat, and Chryjlalline Hu- 
 mour in the fore-part of the Eye. 
 
 The next Humour is the Chryfial- 
 line, which takes its Name from its 
 brightnefs, being as tranfparent as 
 Chryftial; this is inclofed in the Vi- 
 treous or glafly Humour; and is ac- 
 counted the chief Infirument by which 
 the Rays of Light are colle(5ted upon 
 the filamentous Expanfion of the Re- 
 tin a. 
 
 The laft Humour is call'd the Vi- 
 treou4 0T glaify Humour, which is not 
 fo iblid as the Chryftalline ; but in 
 quantity exceeds both that and the 
 watry Humour ; it is partly Con- 
 vex, excepting that Cavity where it 
 receives and furrounds the Chryftal- 
 line. Tho' it is not fo bright as the 
 Chryftalline, yet it is transparent ; lb 
 that the vifible 3pecies received into 
 the Chryftalline Humour, might not 
 be reflefted, or return defil'd by dark 
 and coloured Tindures, whereby the 
 Sight fhould be difturbed; but that 
 they might have a free Paflage thro* 
 it to the Retina. 
 
 As for the Tunides, the firft of 
 them is call'd Adnata,2ind arifes from 
 the Pericranium, and is Ipread over 
 all the White of the Eye; by this is 
 the Eye kept firmly within its Or- 
 bit or Socket : It is of a very ex- 
 quifite Senfe, and hath many fmall 
 Arteries and Veins creeping thro' it, 
 which are very diicernable when 
 there is any Inflammation in that 
 Part. 
 
 Thefecond is the Sclerotica, which 
 
 is the firtl of its proper Coats, and 
 
 takes the Name of Sclerotica from 
 
 its hardnefs : It arifes from the Durx 
 
 Maters. 
 
E Y 
 
 ( 171 ) 
 
 E Y 
 
 Mater, is opaque on its hind-part, 
 but on its fore-part clear and tranfpa- 
 rent like Horn j and thence is call'd 
 alio Tt*r,icci Cornea or Horney Coat. 
 
 The third is call'd ChoroiJes, which 
 Name it has from the Refemblance 
 it bears to the Chorion, that enwraps 
 the Fcetus in the Womb. 
 
 This as the former arifes from the 
 Tia Mater, as it alfo forms the inner- 
 moft Coat of the Optick Nerve. It 
 is blackifli on the infide, and open on 
 the fore-part the whole Breadth of 
 the Fupilla, 
 
 The fore-part of this Coat is h*ke- 
 wife diftinguilh'd from the back-part 
 by the Name of Uvea, becaufe of its 
 refemblance to the Colour of a Grape. 
 
 The Ligamentum Ciliare belongs to 
 this, which confifts of (lender Fila- 
 ments like the Hair of the Eye-lids. 
 The ufe of thefe Filaments is to con- 
 ftringe the Chryftalline Humour, by 
 contrading or opening the Perforati- 
 on of the Uvea. 
 
 The fourth or innermoft Tunicle of 
 the Eye, is an Expanfion of the fiib- 
 flaiice of the Optick Nerve, and is 
 caird the Retina ,• becaufe it encom- 
 pafles the glall/ Humour like a Net. 
 
 The whole Eye is of a convex 
 globular Figure, inclofed within their 
 proper Lids ; which is an Orbit or 
 Socket made for that Purpofe out of 
 the Bone. 
 
 OF THE EYE-LIDS. 
 
 The Eye-lids ferve as a Safeguard 
 to prcferve the Eyes from Duft, and 
 other external Injuries. 
 
 They are compofed of the Skin, 
 Membrana carnofa or flefhy Panni- 
 cle and Mufcles, all are very thin. 
 The inner Membrane is a Produdion 
 of the Pericranium -y it is very fmooth, 
 that it may move the more glibly 
 upon the Eye. The Edges or Extre- 
 mities of the Eye-lids are hard and 
 griftly; partly to ftrengthen them, and 
 partly that they may meet the more 
 clofely together« 
 
 The Fat that lies among the Mufl 
 cles, is of the fame ufe as it is in 
 moft other Parts, to keep the Eye 
 moift and eafy in its Motion, 
 
 All Difeaies of the Eyes preceed 
 from fbme or other of the following 
 Cauies : 
 
 1. From external onesj as. Wounds, 
 Bruifes, Duft, or fbme other thing 
 getting within the Eye-lids. 
 
 2. From internal Caufes, as the 
 Effeft of Sicknefs, or fbme Indifpo- 
 fition of the Blood. 
 
 5. From an ill Conformation of 
 the Eye it felf j as when an Eye is 
 too large or too fmall j or when the 
 Pupil or clear tranfparent part of it 
 is narrow, and fbmewhat longifh ; 
 for in fuch cafe the Chryftalline Hu- 
 mour being too much comprefs'd 
 by the circumambient Parts, if any 
 Rheum or Flux of Humours fall in- 
 to an Eye thus defeftive, the Infirmi- 
 ty will be apt to increafe, and the 
 Retina or Bottom of the Eye will 
 in time be quite hid, and {0 blindnefs 
 fucceed. 
 
 But notwithllanding, if a Horfe be 
 of a hearty Difpofition, Eyes that 
 are thus defective , may continue 
 good during the Horie's Life, if care 
 be^ taken of them, and they meet 
 with no Accident. 
 
 A WOUND or BLOW ON 
 THE EYE. 
 
 If a Horfe receives a M^und or 
 Bloxo on the Eye, or fo near it as to 
 caufe an Inflammation in the Eye; 
 ibme direft in the firft Place, to o- 
 pen the Neck- vein, and to take a- 
 way a moderate quantity of Blood ; 
 which they rather approve of than 
 opening of the Vein near the Eye ; 
 becaufe it will not caufe £0 great a 
 Derivation towards the Eye, as when 
 the Eye-vein is opened, Becaufe when 
 an Orifice is opened too near an af- 
 fefted Part, the Blood is apt to flow 
 in too great quantity towards that 
 
 Parti 
 
E Y 
 
 ( I70 
 
 E Y 
 
 Part; and the Eyes efpecially being 
 ill a dependent Pofition in a Horfc, 
 lie Blood therefore falls into them by 
 a very eafy defcent. 
 
 IF, after bleeding, the Eye is fo 
 Xfiuch fwell'd that it cannot be o- 
 penedj which happens oftentimes by 
 the immediate Flux of Blood into the 
 $lye-lids, then ufe the following Ap- 
 plication : 
 
 5 Spread Gonferve of red B.ofes 
 
 * pretty thick on a Pledgit pf fine 
 ' Flax, or clean Hurds, and lay it o- 
 ' ver the Eye, and at the fame time 
 ' apply above the Eye-pits and about 
 
 * the Temples, Flax dipt in a Charge 
 
 * made with Vinegar, Bole-Armo- 
 ' niack, and the White of an Egg, 
 
 * and this will allay the Heat, check 
 
 * the Blood, and prevent it from 
 
 * flowing too fait towards the Eye. 
 
 * Cover the whole Dreffing with 
 
 * a Bandage of thick, but fott Can- 
 
 * vafs about four or five Inches broad, 
 
 * which fliould be ftitch'd to the up- 
 
 < per part of the Collar 5 fo as to co- 
 
 * ver the half of the Face, when the 
 
 * Malady is but in one Eye, and it 
 
 * fhould reach dovin to the middle 
 « of the Horfe's NoJ[c, and be ty'd 
 
 * behind with two pieces of ftrong 
 
 * Tape, faflened one to each of the 
 
 * lower Corners, and not fo tight, as 
 
 < to hinder the A<Slicn of the lower 
 
 * J^w". 
 
 « It will alfo be proper to moiften 
 « the Edges of the Eye-lids twice or 
 ? thrice a Day, with warm Honey of 
 
 * Rofes and Red-vpine. 
 
 Some other Evacuations bcfides o- 
 pening a Vein, may be very fit to be 
 uledjbecaufe where the Eye isbruifed 
 or wounded, and there is a great Ten- 
 dency to an Inflammation, the In- 
 creafe ot the quantity of Blood mud 
 needs be prejudicial. 
 
 This may be done rather by purg- 
 ing Glyfters, or every now and then 
 fome kind of- Phyfick that js very 
 inoderate j becaule ftrong Purges 
 
 would be apt to make the Blood flow 
 too much to the difeaied Part, by 
 putting the Blood into too great an 
 Agitation. 
 
 And in order to keep the Horfe's 
 Body cool, ' Give him fcalded Bran 
 
 * inftead of Oats, and now and then 
 
 * a Malt-maflj ; and now and then 
 
 * diffolve half an Ounce of purified 
 ' Nitre, or Sal FrunelU into hisWa- 
 
 * ter. Give him gentle Exercife, but 
 ' fuch as will rather cool and retrefli 
 ' his Body, and create an Appetite, 
 
 * than excite too great a Heat. 
 
 If any proud Flefh appears upon 
 the Wound, * Then once a Day, lay 
 « a little Powder of Tutty made very 
 ' fine on the Excrefcencej or take 
 ' equal Parts of Tutty well prepar'd, 
 
 * burnt Allum and Sugar- candy finc- 
 
 * ly powdered, and holding a little 
 ' betv/een your Finger and Thumb, 
 
 * put it upon the 'Fungta. 
 
 This will eafily cure a Wound or 
 Blow, if the Eye be not very much 
 bruiledj or the Wound is but fuper- 
 ficial, and is clear from the Fupilla of 
 the Eye; but when it is otherwifc, 
 there is great danger of Blindnefs, if 
 not Death. 
 
 Sometimes a violent Blow or 
 Wound ftretching or cutting the 
 I.lufcles, caufes the Eye of a Horfe 
 to burfl fbmewhat out of its Socket. 
 In fuch a cafe, the firfl thing you 
 fhould do, is to reduce it, putting it 
 carefully into its Place, and then you 
 may apply to it the Charge that i^ 
 before direded, and manage him as 
 before direded, in order to keep his 
 Body cool and open, and when it be- 
 gins to matter, drefs it with the fol- 
 lowing Digeflive: 
 
 ' Take two Ounces of Honey of 
 
 * Rofes, half an Ounce of 0/7 of Ro- 
 
 * fes, and the Yolk of ari Egg, flir 
 
 * and mix them well together, warm 
 
 * it before the Fire, and dip in it a 
 
 * Pledget of Flax, and apply it to 
 < the Horfe's Eye once or twice a 
 
 I Day, 
 
E Y 
 
 ( 173) 
 
 E Y 
 
 '" Day, and continue the Reftringent 
 
 * Charge over the Dreflin^, until the 
 
 * Cure !3 compleated. Tho' indeed 
 if the Mufcles are much relaxed or 
 wounded, the Succefs will be very 
 doubtful. 
 
 And as to the Horf^'s Diet, in 
 mofl: Accidents where the Eye is 
 bruifcd or wounded, a Hor'e ought 
 not to have any Oats given him, hut 
 what are boil'd fofr, betore the word 
 Symptoms are pift ; but efpecially in 
 this laft cafe, where the Eye has been 
 thrull out of its Socket, his Diet 
 ought to be only fcalded Bran, with 
 now and then a mixture of Oatsj 
 becaufe the Action of the Jaw in 
 chevv^ing hard Food, would be a hin- 
 drance to the Cure. 
 ^ If the Eyes of a Horfe be affeaed 
 cither by Duft, or ibme other thing 
 blown into his Eyes, or if they be 
 injured by fharp frofty Winds or the 
 like, and the diforder do not wear 
 off immediately upon reft, then you 
 fliould look into the Horfe's Eye, to 
 fee if there be any Corn or'Oiarp 
 Sand or Gravel flicking to any Cor- 
 ner of his Eye; and if there is, wipe 
 it out with a bit of fine Spunge, 
 made fmall at the Point, and faflened 
 with a waxed Thread to the end of 
 a Stick. 
 
 But if there be no fuch thing, 
 fimple and eafy things will be fufii- 
 cient in the beginning, as Vlantam, 
 and red Rofe-water, or the Leaves of 
 Tlantain and red Rofes boiled in Wa- 
 ter. The Eyes being wafhed three or 
 four times a Day with theDecodlion 
 made blood warm. 
 
 For a Stripe or Blovp upon a> Horfe's 
 Bye, cr Bite by another Horfe. 
 
 * Quickly after it is done, wafn 
 
 * the eye with a little Beer, and 
 
 * blow a little Powder oz Smdevoir^ 
 ' or the fine Powder of white Salt 
 
 * into the Horfe's Eye ; but if it be 
 
 * very fore, and has been of fome 
 
 continuance, take a fmall Loaf of 
 Bread, and pull out all the Crumb* 
 and fill it full of burning Coals un* 
 til it be well burnt within j then 
 take off that Crufl, and put it into 
 White-mm, and when it is well 
 fbaked, lay it to the Sore i then 
 mix So^p'Tvater with cold Water^ 
 and wafli the Eye-brows with it, 
 and it it does not go away, then 
 let the Horfe blood in the Temple-^ 
 veins, and if you perceive he rubs 
 his Eyes, bleed him at the Veios 
 under his Eyes, and wafh his Eyes 
 with cold Soap-water, 
 
 * But if his Eya looks red with 
 the Blow, lay on a Plaifter of red 
 Lead and Sdlet Oil beaten well to« 
 gether. 
 
 * Some flamp Tiantain, and mi.^" 
 the Juice with M^hite-wine, and 
 apply it to the Eye; others ftamp 
 Nettles with a little Beer, :knd fquirt: 
 it into the Eye ( having firfl ftrained 
 the Juice) two or three times, and 
 then put a little of the fine Powder 
 o^ Sander oir into the Eye, and keep 
 it from Wind and Cold. And if he 
 mufl be ridden, a woollen Cloth 
 fhould be put before his Eye. And 
 it may alfb be proper to let him 
 blood on his Eye-veins, and then 
 twice dreffing will probably be fuf- 
 ficient. 
 
 * Some anoint the Eye for three 
 Days together with Hen's or C^- 
 pon's-greafe to mollify it, and then 
 with a Feather wipe a little live 
 Honey warm into his Eye ; or put 
 the Juice of Plantain or Thy ma 
 mixed with Honey into his Eye; 
 Others put thsAfljes of an old Shce 
 burnt in the Oven into the Eye of 
 an Horfe ; or blow the Powder o^ 
 a grey Whetflone into the Eye, 
 both which laft are fpeedy Reme- 
 dies. Some mix the Juice of Smal- 
 lage and Fennel with the White of 
 an Egg, and once a Day put it into 
 the Eye of the Horfe, till it is well. 
 
 For 
 
EY 
 
 (174) 
 
 EY 
 
 Tor a "Blow, Bruife) or Bhe on 
 the Eye. 
 
 Solleyfell fays j if the Eye be very 
 big and fwollen, and fend forth Mat- 
 ter, you may conclude that the Sore 
 will be tedious i becaufe the Blow, 
 Bite, ^c. has certainly fpoiled and 
 corrupted fome part within the Eye ,* 
 and if it continue to run for a Fort- 
 night, the Horfe is in great danger 
 of lofing his Eyej except he voids 
 the Strangles by his Eyes, 
 
 If, when a Horfe begins to opetl 
 his Eyes, the Chryfialline Humour that 
 was darkened by the Blow, feems 
 to be covered with a fort of greenifh 
 Cloud, it is a dangerous Sign. 
 
 If red Spots like Clots of Blood, 
 appear and remain on the fame Parr, 
 it is an ill Sign, and denotes that the 
 Blow was violent, and the Contufi- 
 on great, and betokens the Malady to 
 be of long continuance ; but at the 
 iame time, it is a Sign of the ftrength 
 of Nature, in expelling that which 
 offends the Eye. 
 
 If during a long and tedious Dif- 
 eafe, the Subftance or Ball of a Horfe's 
 Eye grows h£si that part is irreco- 
 verably loft. 
 
 When the Swelling disappears in 
 the upper part of the Eye, tho' the 
 Parts hdow continue ftill fwollen, it 
 is a Sign that the Diftemper abates, 
 and that the Swelling under the Eye 
 will not continue long. 
 
 If the Chryfialline Humour of the 
 Eye be hurt, as it moft commonly is 
 by a violent Blow, the Horfe will 
 be in great danger of having his Eye 
 mark'd with a white Spot or Pearl, 
 which is fometimes about the bignefs 
 of a Lentil, and fometimes of a Pea. 
 
 If the Blow be fmall, he advifes 
 immediately to cut the Tip of the 
 Ear on the fame Side, and make a 
 "Wound equal to the thicknefs of a 
 half Crown, and to fqueeze as much 
 Blood out of it as you can, and the 
 Horfe will inftantly open his Eye. 
 
 If you would fee the infide of a 
 Horfe's Eye that is fore, cover the o- 
 ther Eye with your Hand, and v/alk 
 the Horfe, and he will open the fore 
 Eye as wide as he can, and fo you 
 may have a View of the Eye. 
 
 If the Blow be large, he advifes to 
 open the Vein of the Eye or Neck, 
 and take away a good quantity of 
 Blood ( but a Horfe that has a Rheum 
 muft never be thus let blood) and 
 the bleeding will prevent all Accidents. 
 
 Summer-dew and Night-air are 
 good for Difeafes of the Eyes, by al- 
 laying the Heat, and afterwards you 
 may apply a Reftringent Medicine to 
 his Eye, as follows : * Take of the 
 
 * Ointment call'd Album Rhafis, half 
 
 * a Pound, of Salt of Lead extradted 
 ' in preparing the Oil, four Ounces; 
 
 * reduce it into a fine Powder, or if 
 
 * you cannot have that, the S^/^ com - 
 ^ monly us'd by Chymifts, and a- 
 
 * noint the Parts about the Eye a 
 ' Foot round Morning and Evening 
 ' for a confiderable time, or put in- 
 
 * to hh Eye the Solution of Lapis 
 
 * mirabilis in Water, which is the 
 
 * only fovereign Remedy, and may 
 
 * ferve inftead of all others. After 
 
 * you have ufed Reftringent Medi- 
 
 * cines or Charges for fome Days, 
 
 * and the Difeafe is come to its 
 
 * greateft height, beat Ground-ivy and 
 
 * the Leaves of Celandine, fqueeze 
 
 * out the Juice, and ftrain it through 
 
 * a brown Paper, and put it into the 
 
 * Horfe's Eye Morning and Evening, 
 
 * this will cleanfe, dry and clear the 
 
 * Eye, and prevent a Web or Film. 
 
 * Or, take a piece of white Cop- 
 
 * peras the bignefs of a Walnut, and 
 
 * the fame quantity of Verdegreafe^ 
 ' beaten to Powder ; ^ pound thefe 
 
 * well together, and mix them with 
 
 * as much frefi Butter as a Walnut, 
 
 * and once a Day put into the Horfe's 
 
 * Eye as much as a Pea, till it be 
 « well and clear. Or you may ule 
 the following Ointment : 
 
 * Take 
 
E y 
 
 ( i7f ) 
 
 E Y 
 
 « Take Lapis Calaminaris and heat 
 ' it red hot, then quench it in a Pint 
 "^ and half of White-roine, heat it and 
 
 * quench it for twelve times, then 
 
 * put to the Wine half as much Juice 
 
 * oi Houjleek drained, mix them well 
 
 * together j drefs the Horfe's Eye 
 
 * with a Feather dipt in this, two or 
 
 * three times a Day, till the Sight is 
 
 * recovered. 
 
 * Or Hcney, powdered Ginger, and 
 
 * the Juice of Celandine mixed toge- 
 
 * ther, and licked into the Horfe's 
 
 * Eye with a Feather twice a Day, 
 
 * will be a good Cure. 
 
 RHEUMS and INFLAMMA- 
 TIONS IN THE EYES. 
 
 Tho' Rheums and Inflammations 
 do moft commonly attend the flight- 
 eft Diibrders of the Eyes ; yet if after 
 a Wound or Bruife has been healed,^ 
 the Eye continues weak and out of 
 order, a Horfe will become very fub- 
 jedV to thofc Diibrders for the future, 
 at what times foever he changes his 
 Air or Diet, or is ridden or wrought 
 harder than ordinary, ^c. 
 
 In like manner any weaknefs in 
 the Eye that happens from any other 
 Caufe, as after a Cold or Sicknefs, if 
 there has not been fufHcient care 
 taken to check the influx of the Hu- 
 mours, or take off the acidity and 
 fharpnefs of them, the Eyes will 
 become injured, and be fubjeft to 
 Rheums and Defluxions, and to ma- 
 ny other Accidents. 
 
 Thofe Symptoms alfo do fome- 
 times attend on, or are the Effcfts of 
 an ill habit of Body; whether that is 
 caufed at firft by an over-fulnefs, or 
 debility and lownefs, or any other 
 Caufe by which the Blood comes vi- 
 tiated ; for as the Eyes are very ten- 
 der, and exquiiitely fenfible, it is ne- 
 cefTary, that in all fuch Indifpofitions 
 they fhould be as fenfible aflFeded, as 
 any other Part of the Body. 
 
 Cure.'] ' If the Eyes are only en« 
 
 * flamed, and have not a Deflexion 
 
 * of Seru7n upon them, wafh them 
 f once or twice a Day with a iit- 
 
 * tie White or Red--a>ine y or Wim 
 
 * wherein the Leaves or Tops of the 
 ' common Briar have been boiled. 
 Or, 
 
 * Boil Camemle and Rofe-leaves, 
 « of each a Handful in a Quart of 
 
 * Water, till a quarter part of it is 
 
 * wafted, ftrain it, and add to the 
 
 * Decodlion two Drachms of Cam' 
 ' phire that has firft been diflblved in 
 ' two S^oonMs o^ Brandy y^LndmoiC- 
 
 * ten the Horfe's Eyes with this two 
 
 * or three times a Day. Gil>f. 
 
 For Inflammations in a Horfe's Eye: 
 ' Bleed the Horfe upon the Tem- 
 
 * pie-veins and the Eye-veins, and 
 
 * then wafh his Eyes with Milk and 
 
 * Honey mixt together. 
 
 * And others, after bleeding wafhi 
 < the Horfe's Eye with Honey and 
 ' Aloes Hepatica mixt together, or 
 
 * Aloes diifolved in White-Toine. 
 
 Solleyfell fays, when the Difeafe is 
 caufed by a Defluxion, you ought to 
 confider, whether it be proper to the 
 Eye it felf, or be occafioned by its 
 Sympathy with fome other part that 
 is affedled ; for if fb, when that i5 
 cured, the Diftemper of the Eye will 
 vanifh, as for Example: 
 
 If the Liver be hot, and produce 
 thin and boiling Blood, this may 
 caufe a Defluxion and Heat of the 
 Eye, altho' the Eye may be other- 
 wife found ; in this cafe the Difeafe 
 of the Eye is wholly owing to the 
 Blood, and the fame may be faid of 
 the other Parts. 
 
 But when the Diftemper is proper 
 to the Eye, the fubftance of that 
 Part is immediately affefted, either by 
 a Defed in its Formation, or for 
 want of Spirits to animate it, or by 
 reafbn of the lofs of part of its fub- 
 ftance, which Cafes are the moft dan- 
 gerous, and almoft incurable. 
 
 Rheums 
 
Rheums which proceed from Sym- 
 pathy will yield to good Medicines; 
 but there are but very few that will 
 cure a Dileale that is feated in the 
 Subftance of tlie Eye; and for that 
 reafon it is, that thofe Diftempers 
 which increafe and abate according 
 to the Courfe of the Moon, are al- 
 mofl: incurable. . 
 
 Cun.'} In curing any Difeafe of 
 the Eye, the Horfe muft not have a- 
 ny Oats, but be fed with moiften'd 
 Bran 5 you muft neither work him 
 hard, nor keep him in too hot a Sta- 
 ble j for the great Heat of the Stable 
 as well as the extreme Cold will 
 augment the Diftemper. 
 
 If it be a Rheum, the Horfe muft 
 not by any means be let blood, for 
 bleeding would caufe to lofe his 
 Sight. 
 
 In this cafe he directs to take up 
 the Eye-veins in the manner follow- 
 ing : Open the Skin over the Vein, 
 and with a proper Inftrumcnt fepa- 
 rate the Vcffel, and tye a Thread a- 
 bout it, not taking any Blood out of 
 it, nor cutting it^ this will fufficient- 
 ly divert the too abundant flowing 
 of the Blood that way, which heats 
 the Eye by too much Nourifhment. 
 
 His method of doing it without 
 an Incifion, is as follows : He tyes a 
 Cord or String about the Neck of 
 the Horfe, to make the Veins fwell, 
 then he pierces the Skin above the 
 Vein with a crooked Needle, made 
 like a Semicircle, having a ftrong 
 Thread faftened to it; and runs it 
 under the Vein, making it come out 
 on the other fide. 
 
 Then he tyes the Thread about the 
 Vein with a double Knot, and makes 
 another Knot on the fame Vein, a 
 large Finger's breadth from the for- 
 mer, and then takes up the Vein on 
 the other fide after the fame manner. 
 And thus the Vein is ftopp'd with- 
 out any outward Scar, and by this 
 method more Veins may be taken 
 
 E Y 
 
 up in two Hours, than can by Inci- 
 sion be done in a whole Day, and 
 belides the Courfe of the Blood is as 
 effectually ftopp'd as by the other 
 way. 
 
 This will caufe a little Swelling in 
 the Temple, which you may eafily 
 remove by chafing it every Day with 
 Aqua Vitd, and after the Scab, or ra- 
 ther the Thread that ty'd the Veins 
 is fallen off, the Wound will quickly 
 clofe up without any further trouble. 
 
 If you would cut the Sinew un- 
 der the Vein, fince you cannot make 
 ufe of the crooked Needle, you muft 
 ncceffarily have recourfe to Incifion ; 
 but if you are afraid to cut the Si- 
 new, thinking it too hazardous an 
 Operation, you may take up the 
 Vein with the Needle, and if the 
 Holes that are made with the Needle 
 fliould bleed a little, there is no need 
 to be concerned at it, for the Blood 
 will immediately ftop as foon as the 
 Cord is taken from the Horfe's Neck. 
 
 Under the Eye-vein is a Sinew that 
 is as big as the Neck-vein, when 
 you have found it, you may feparate 
 and cut it; becaufe the Communica- 
 tion it has with the Optick Nerve 
 that furniflies the vifual Spirits, that 
 conftitute the Faculty of feeing, is 
 partly the Caufe of Rheums, and 
 even of the Diftemper they call 
 Moon Eye. For when the Optick 
 Nerve grows loofe, foft and flaccid, 
 the Spirits which ought to have been 
 carried to the Eye, not being able to 
 find a Paflage that way, are ftopp'd 
 and diffipated ; Co that the Eye being 
 depriv'd of its ufual Supplies, grows 
 hot, and if at the fame time there 
 happens to be the leaft Conjunction 
 of any other Caufe, as the Diforder, 
 Heat or Corruption of the Blood, a 
 Rheum is immediately form'd, which 
 either increafes or abates according as 
 the Caufes that forment it. 
 
 But as fbon as this other Eye- 
 Nerve has been cut, the Optick Nerve 
 
 with 
 
E Y 
 
 C 177) 
 
 E Y 
 
 with which it communicates, imme- 
 diately grows ftiff, the Spirits refume 
 their wonted Courfe, and the Dis- 
 temper is palily cured by proper Re- 
 medies, and the Eye returns vigo- 
 roufly to its former task. 
 
 If any Perfon wan^s a Confirma- 
 tion of what he iays, he direds them 
 to fatisfy their Curiofity by the fol- 
 lowing Experiment : Upon alive Colt 
 of a fmall Value, to fcpavate the 
 Skin from his Head, and they will 
 preiently perceive the Communicati- 
 on of the two Nerves and Sinews, 
 and that as loon as they have cut the 
 one, the other Optich Nerve will be 
 ftiffer and more flretch'd, and that 
 this may be eafily found, altho' it lies 
 near the Bone. But as for thole who 
 have not Courage enough to venture 
 on this Operation, may content them- 
 felves with taking up the Eye-vein. 
 
 If both the Eyes be affefted, then 
 this Operation is to be perform'd on 
 both Sides. 
 
 He gives ft as his Opinion, that 
 the moft frequent Caufes of the lofs 
 of Eye-fight in Horfes is the too 
 great Abundance of Nourifljment, and 
 the defedl of vtfud Spirits; and the 
 two above-mentioned Operations do 
 remove both: For the cutting of the 
 Nerves promotes the Courie of the 
 Spirits, and the taking up the Vein 
 keeps back the fuperfluous Nourifh- 
 ment ; which will yet be more ef- 
 fedlually performed, and the Cure 
 hallened by taking up the two y«- 
 gulars, commonly cali'd the Neck- 
 veins. 
 
 When a Horfe is troubled with 
 Rheums, he ought to have fome- 
 thing to cool his Blood. And an 
 Ounce of Sal PrunelU being every 
 Day mixed with his Bran, will allay 
 the Heat and abate the Defluxion : 
 But if you fliould perceive this too 
 much to weaken his Stomach, and 
 that he forfakes his Meat, you may 
 give him Liver of Antimony inftead 
 
 of Sal FrunelU, till his Appetite is 
 recovered, and then give him SalPru- 
 nelU again. 
 
 lor an 'Eye that is fwollen^ hot^ closed 
 up, red and blood- fJwtt en. 
 
 He advifes a Reftringent Charge as 
 follows: * Mix Eole-Armoniack pow- 
 
 * dered with Vinegar, and the Whites 
 
 * of two Eggs, till it is brought to 
 ' a kind of Pafte, and apply it to the 
 ' Eye for about fix Inches round 
 
 * Morning and Evening, and bathe 
 
 * the Eye with Aq^ia Vit^, or ufe 
 ' the following Remedy: 
 
 ' Boil a new laid Egg very hard, 
 
 * take off the Shell, cut it through 
 
 * the middle, and take out the Yolks, 
 ' and in the place of it, put a piece 
 ' of white Vitriol about the Size of a 
 
 * Nut, then join the two pieces of 
 ' ^gg together, and wrap it up in a 
 
 * fine Linen Rag, and put it into a 
 
 * Glafs of Rofe-Tvater^ and let it in- 
 ' fufe there for fix Hours i throw a- 
 
 * way the Egg, but keep the Water 
 ' for ufe. Put 8 or TO Drops of this 
 
 * Water with a Feather Morning and 
 f Evening into the Horie's Eye, and 
 ' it will fbon cure. 
 
 If you ufe Aqua VitA, you muft 
 foak a little fine Spunge in it, and 
 bathe the Eye with it 5- or 6 times 
 a Day, and it is as good a Remedy- 
 as you can have, either for Rheums 
 or Blows. 
 
 If you want a prefcnt Remedy, 
 ufe this that follows: 
 
 * Take the White of a new laid 
 ' Egg, and an equal quantity: of Kofe- 
 ' water, and as much white Vitriol as 
 
 * a fmall Nut 5 beat them with a 
 
 * Stick, and put fome of it into the 
 ' Eye. It will divert the Rheum, 
 ' and take away the Heat. 
 
 A good Eye Water. 
 
 ' Take four Handfuls of Ale-hoof 
 
 ' or Ground Ivy, v/hich grows in 
 
 ' fhady Places, which differs from 
 
 < common Ivy, beat it in a Marble 
 
 N \ Mortar 
 
E Y 
 
 ( 17S ) 
 
 E Y 
 
 * Mortar with the Whites of 6 Eggs 
 
 * boiJed hard ; then add to it half a 
 ' Pint of IVhire-wine, a quarter of a 
 
 * Pint of Rofe-vcatevy white Viiriol 
 ' and Suga.r-canj, of each an Ounce 
 
 * aiid a hajf j beat them, and inror- 
 ' porate them very well togeiher 
 
 * with the Peftle, then ftrew upon 
 
 * them an Ounce of white Salt, Co- 
 « ver the Mortar, and fet it in a Cel- 
 « kr for fi'/e or fix Hours, put it in- 
 
 * to .'- 1-lypccras Bag of clean wbire 
 
 * Serge, and hang it up over a VelTcI 
 
 * to receive the Liquor, then pu' it 
 
 * up irto a Glafs Bottle; put f^me 
 
 * of this Liquor into the Horie's Eye, 
 
 * Morning and Evening. 
 
 There are but few Rbeums that 
 this Water will not cure; bu* if a 
 white Film or Skin fliOuid remain 
 
 ' Eyes with it, and apply the follow- 
 
 * ing Ointment: 
 
 ' Take a Pound o^ Album Rhafis, 
 
 * S^tlt of Lead half a Pound, reduced 
 
 * to fine Powder ; incorporate them 
 ' we!' together, and anoint the Parts 
 
 * about the Eyes fix Inches round 
 
 * Morning and Evening conftantly j 
 ' but you muft not anoint the Eyes 
 » with it. This muft be kept on 
 6 with a Clo h made fit for the 
 « Hoife's Head, to be ty'd on. 
 
 A Charge to divert Defiuxions in 
 the Eyes. 
 
 ' Roali three or four Pippins under 
 ' the Afhes, take out the Seeds; beat 
 
 * the Apples in 3 Mortar, fprinkling 
 ' them with Rofe-tv ier, or the dif- 
 
 * tilled Water of Lettuce or Succory^ 
 
 Upon the Eye, you may take it off * and apply them to the Eve with 
 
 with the following Powders. 
 IPor a Vffhite Film in the Eye. 
 
 * Beat Sal Armoniack, and put it 
 
 * into the Horfe's Eye, and repeat 
 
 * this till ih: Cure is compleated. 
 Nothii.g IS rrore ef^e£i:ual Or, 
 
 ' Pur a little :ialt into your Mouth 
 
 * faftir.g, and when ir is melted, wafh 
 
 * the Horfe's Eye with the Spittle. 
 Or, 
 
 * Beat common Salt very fine, and 
 
 * put it into the Eye; this is better 
 
 * than all other Remedies, except 5^/ 
 
 * Ar}7}07jiack, 
 
 * Salt of Lead^ commonly called 
 « the Salt or Magi fiery of Saturn^ is 
 
 * an excellent Remedy to confume 
 
 * a white Film that is caus'd by a 
 
 * Rheum. 
 
 Another Eye Water. 
 
 * Put a piece of Blus or Cyprus 
 
 * Copperas into any of the following 
 
 * Waters, either rlantaiuy Fennel, 
 
 * Eye- bright. Rue, Celandine, Rofes, 
 
 * Chervil, or common Water. Let it 
 
 * infufe, and the Water will be of a 
 
 * greenilh blue Colour j and wafh the 
 
 Ibtt Wax, and renew the Charge 
 
 * frequently: Rotten Apples unroafl- 
 
 * ed, may fcrve inflead of f^und ones. 
 
 * This will take away the Pain and 
 ' Inflammation, and give eafe for 
 ' fome time ; and in the mean time 
 ' you may attack the Caufe, and re- 
 
 * move it by taking up the Neck- 
 
 * vein, and cutting the Sinev/ as be- 
 
 * fore direfted. 
 
 * The Cruf^ of a white Loaf hot 
 
 * from the Oven, fbaked in Cow's 
 ' Milk, and apply'd warm to the 
 
 * Eye by way of Poultice, will af- 
 
 * iWage Heat and Pain, 
 
 You mufl: never mix Fat, or any 
 oily Ingredient with any Remedy for 
 the Eyes. 
 
 Another Author diredis, *To blow 
 
 * fine Bote or Bole-Arwoniack into 
 
 * the Horfe's Eye, and it will drive 
 
 * back the Rheum ; but if you can- 
 
 * not blow it in, mix it with Butter 
 
 * and rehite Sugar- candy beaten to 
 
 * Powder, and make it up into little 
 
 * Balls, and put one of them into his 
 ' Eye once or twice a Day. Or, 
 
 * Mix like quantities q? Butter zvA 
 [ Salt together with a ICnife, and 
 
 * put 
 
E Y 
 
 ( 179 ) 
 
 E Y 
 
 * put a piece as big as a Walnut into 
 ' the Horle's Ear, on that fide the 
 » Rheum offends, and^ lee it lie there 
 « for four or five Hours, and this 
 
 * will dry up the Rheum and clear 
 ' the Eye. The Ear muft be tied or 
 
 * iewed up clofe. 
 
 LUNATICIC or MOON EYES, 
 or MOON-BLIND. 
 
 Definition.'] When a Defluxion of 
 Rheum has remained fo long as to 
 caufe an obftinate Stagnation in the 
 final] Arteries of the outer men: Coat 
 of the Eye, call'd Timica adnata, and 
 alfb a Relaxarion of the final! Ker- 
 nels, which are feated at each of the 
 Angles of it, the Cure becomes very 
 hard and difficulty but by the length 
 of time, it deftroys the tranfparency 
 and clearnefs of the Cornea by the 
 Lentor and Corrofivcnefs of the Mat- 
 ter, fo as to caufe Blindnefs j and this 
 is call'd, being Moon-biind. 
 
 But fometimes it happens that the 
 Rheum in a great Mcafure dries up, 
 and then the Eye of a Horfe will a- 
 gain look clear and tranfparent, unlefs 
 the Matter has been fo fliarp as to 
 corrode the Cornea. 
 
 But in as much as thofe Parts have 
 been £q much weakened, and the 
 Glands fo much relax'd, every little 
 Error in Feeding or Exercile, or eve- 
 ry flight Cold, or even the fharpnefs 
 of the Air will caufe the Humours 
 to return. And thefe Alterations-gave 
 occafion to the antient Farriers (who 
 were apt to afcribe too much to the 
 Influence of the Planets) to attribute 
 this Diforder to the Moon. 
 
 Nay, even Solleyfell himfelf was of 
 the Opinion, as appears in that he 
 fays, that the Eyes of thole Horfes 
 which are troubled with that Dif- 
 temper, are darkened with a Rheum 
 at certain times of the Moon, where- 
 as at other times, they appear £o 
 bright, that you would conclude they 
 were perfedily found. And that fome 
 
 enjoy an Interval of fix Months, o* 
 thers are troubled with a Return of 
 the Diftemper once in three Months, 
 and fome grow Lunatick every two 
 Months. 
 
 Kind of the Bifeafe?^ But a mo- 
 dern Author is of Opinion, that this 
 Infirmity has a near Affinity with 
 tliat which in Man is call'd the Epi- 
 phora, and relembles it in its Caufe, 
 Signs and Effc6fsj excepting that it 
 is more fatal to the Sight of Horfes, 
 becaufe of the dependent Pofition of 
 a Horfe's Head ; by which means the 
 Humours have a ftronger Tendency 
 towards the Eyes. 
 
 The Caufe.] For the moH: part it 
 commonly proceeds from a Horle's 
 wanting the common Difcharges 
 thro' the Pores of the Skin, and by 
 Urine; and from whatfoever may 
 cauie too great an Accumulation of 
 the Serum in the Blood. 
 
 The Sijins^^ The Eyes appear hot, 
 fwollen, dark, and troubled with a 
 continual Rheum and Weeping, and 
 as Solleyfell fays, with a faint Yellow- 
 nefs under the Apple, which is the 
 fureft Sign, as it muft needs be the 
 conftant Effedl of excefiTive Heat and 
 Mcifture in thofe Parts. 
 
 The Cure.] This is chiefly to be 
 performed by Purgatives, and fuch 
 as are the moft efficacious to fufe 
 and melt down the ierous Parts of 
 the Blood. For in this Cafe, letting 
 Blood is needlefs, and frequently hurt- 
 ful. And therefore, if the Horfe be 
 Coftive, firft give him an opening 
 Glyfter or two, and then give him 
 the following Balls. 
 
 * Take two Ounces of the cleared 
 ' {\^\mng Aloes, half an Ounce of r«r- 
 
 * Sith Root finely powdered, four 
 ' Ounces of Liquorice Powder, and 
 ' two Drams of Diagridium ; mix 
 
 * tihem with a fufficient quantity of 
 
 * frefh Butter, and make them into 
 ' Balls. Give them the Horfe in 
 
 * Wine, or any other Liquor to wafh 
 
 N z • them 
 
E Y 
 
 ( iSo) 
 
 E Y 
 
 and you may for a 
 him the followino; 
 
 them down, 
 change give 
 Purge. 
 « Aloes and Jalap powder 'd, of 
 
 * each an Ounce and a halfj three 
 
 * Ounces of Cream of Tartar, and 
 
 * one Dram of Diagridium j give 
 
 * theie in a Quart of either White- 
 
 * tpine. Ale or Beer, not warmed, be-^ 
 
 * caufj if it were warmed, fome of 
 
 * the Ingredients would be apt to 
 ' run into Lumps. 
 
 * But if the Horle cannot well be 
 
 * got to take this, becaufe of the 
 
 * Bitternefs, then you may make the 
 
 * Aloes, Jalap and Diagridium into a 
 
 * Pafle with Liquorice Powder and 
 
 * Butter, and dilfolve the Cream of 
 
 * Tartar in the Liquor which you 
 
 * give h m to wafli it down with, or 
 
 * in fome warm Water after it be- 
 ' gins to work. 
 
 ' Walk the Horfe half an Hour af- 
 « ter taking itj let this purging be 
 
 * repeated twice in a Week, or ac- 
 
 * cording to the Strength of the 
 
 * Horfe, during which time, let his 
 
 * Food be moderate, but fufficient 
 
 * to fuftain Nature ; for purging will 
 
 < impair the ftrongeft Horfe, if his 
 ' Food be not in fome Meafure pro- 
 
 * portionatc. 
 
 During the time he i<? under this 
 Courie, you m.ud conftantly Morning 
 and Evening wet his Eyes with one 
 or other of the Waters, which are 
 direded for Rheums and Inflamma- 
 tions ; and alfo bathe them three or 
 four times a Day with the following 
 Decoftion Vv^arm. 
 
 * Boil Leaves of Mallows and Marfh- 
 
 * mallorcs, of each a quarter of a 
 
 * Handful 5 red Rofe -leaves and Meli- 
 
 * lot-jloroers, of each the fame quan- 
 ' titv 5 one -white Foppy Head fliced, 
 
 * and an Ounce of Fenugreek-feeds in 
 
 * a Quart of Water, till one fourth 
 
 < Part is wafted away. This will be 
 
 * of good Ufe to blunt the Acrimo- 
 ny and Sharpnefs of the Serum, 
 
 * If you boil the before- mention'd 
 
 • Ingredients in Water, add two or 
 ' three Cra^ Apples, and then pound 
 ' them in a Stone Mortar, and pulp 
 
 * them thro' a Sieve, the Pulp will 
 ' be excellent to lay over the Eye to 
 ' allay the Heat, and check the influx 
 
 • of the Humours. 
 
 You may alfo now and then touch 
 the Corners of the Horfe's Eyes with 
 a little of the following Ointment : 
 
 ' Take frefj Butter half a Pound, 
 
 * two Ounces of -ophite Wax, an Ounce 
 ' of Tntty finely prepared, four Drams 
 ' of Sugar of Lead, two Drams of 
 ' rvhite Vitriol, and four Scruples of 
 ' Ca?nphire; mix thefe together, and 
 ' make an Ointment. 
 
 Having proceeded as before dire(5l- 
 ed, when you perceive the Symp- 
 toms begin to abate, you fliould ride 
 the Horfe moderately every Day in 
 fome fliadv Place; for moderate Ex- 
 ercife will contribute to mend the 
 Defers of his Conftitution. 
 
 But the Horfe fliould not be rid- 
 den too much in the Sun, nor where 
 the Light is too ftrong, for that may 
 be prejudiciah and as the Eyes have 
 been impaired by a long Defluxion, 
 fo they fhould have time to recover 
 that Weaknefs. 
 
 Ard for the fame Reafon you 
 muft not hy sfide too foon proper 
 Applications; but conftantly ufe fuch 
 things as will comfort and ftrength- 
 en the Parts. They may indeed be 
 fuch as are of a more gentle Operati- 
 on, than thofe that were ufed during 
 the Violence of the Diftemper ; and 
 fuch as follows : 
 
 TheDecodion ox Plantain, Ground- 
 Ivy, red Rofe-Leaves, or their diftill'd 
 Waters, with thofe of Eye-bright, 
 Celandincy Chervil and the like for 
 outward ufe. Thefe it will be pro- 
 per to continue for a confiderable 
 time. 
 
 And if you perceive any the leafl: 
 
 return of the Diltemper, you may 
 
 diifolve 
 
E Y 
 
 ( iSi ) 
 
 E Y 
 
 diflblve a finall quantity of white Vi- 
 triol, or a Dram of the Tr.ches in 
 four Ounces of Water; ard this Me- 
 thod will cure any Horlc, who has 
 not Ibme natural Defect in his Eye, 
 or that has been too much injured 
 by the Corrolion of the Diftcmper. 
 ' Others dirc(5l to lay all over the 
 
 * Temples of the Horfe's Head, the 
 ' Plaiftcr of Pitch, Rojin and Majiich, 
 ' in equal quantities, and melted to- 
 
 * gether, and Flocks of the Colour 
 
 * of the Horle clapp'd upon them. 
 
 ' And then under each Eye about 
 
 * four Fingers bsnearh, to make a 
 
 * Slit wiih a fharp Knife an Inch 
 
 * lon^, and at leaft an Inch wide of 
 
 * the Eye-vein; and then with a Co- 
 
 * ronet to loofen the Skin, about the 
 
 * breadth of a Groat, and to put in 
 
 * it a piece of round Leather as broad 
 
 * as a Two-pence, with a Hole in 
 
 * the middle of it, to look to it once 
 
 * a Day, to keep the Hole open for 
 
 * ten Days, that the Matter may not 
 
 * be flopp'd, but run continually, 
 
 * then to take out the Leather, and 
 
 * heal the Wound with a little Flax 
 
 * dipt in the following Salve: Take 
 
 * M^^x, Honey and Turpentine, of each 
 
 * a like quantity, and boil them to- 
 
 * gether, which being a little warmed 
 
 * will become liquid. But you muft 
 « not take away the Piaifters that are 
 
 * on the Temples, till they fall off 
 
 * of themielves; and when they are 
 
 * fallen off, to make a Star with a 
 
 * fmall hot drawing Iron, in the 
 
 * midft of each Temple-vein where 
 
 * the Plaifters lay, which Star Ihould 
 
 * have a Hole in the midft, made 
 
 * with the Button of the hot draw- 
 
 * ing Iron. 
 
 * Some inftead of the Slits under 
 
 * the Eye, and the pieces of Leather, 
 
 * which is a plain Rowel, only take 
 
 * a fmall blunt hot Iron, and burn 
 
 * five Holes all of a Row, about an 
 
 * Inch and a half beneath the nether 
 
 * Lid, burning thole Holes even un^ 
 
 ' to the Bone, and then once ano'nt 
 
 ♦ them with frcfn Greafc, or fweet 
 
 * Bu:ter. 
 
 i>olleyfell dirc(£ls to make a Seton 
 on the Horfe's Pole, between his 
 Earc, by thrufting a fluvp Iron red 
 hot quiic througn the Part where his 
 Mane begins, and upon which the 
 Head-ftall of the Bndle refts, and put 
 a plaited Cord into the Hole, one 
 half Hair, and the other Hemp a- 
 nointed witii Bafdicum., which you 
 mull turn round, and draw backward 
 and forward every Morning, to let 
 out the Matter. 
 
 Others keep the Seton open with 
 a leaden Ring. 
 
 Some make two Setcns, one on 
 the Fore-part of the Head on the 
 Tuft where the Mane lies over the 
 Forehead, and another behind, where 
 the End of the Head-ftall reftsi but 
 this he fays, is not of any great Be- 
 nefit. 
 
 And it is very convenient to take 
 up the Eye-vein, when the Rheum 
 is at the Height, and to cut the 
 Nerve that lies under the faid Vein, 
 And if you do not think it pro- 
 per to cut the Nerve, yet you muft: 
 of neceflity take up the Vein with a 
 crooked Needle. And he adds alfo, 
 that taking up the Jugular Veins, 
 will very much promote the Cure. 
 
 And it is alfo very profitable in 
 this Diftemper, to rowel them at the 
 Side of each Eye, on the flat Part of 
 the Cheek- bone, in order to divert 
 the Humour from flowing to the 
 Eyes, and eipecially to evacuate that 
 which is already fallen upon them. 
 
 The manner of performing this 
 Operation, he gives as follows : 
 
 Cut the Skin with a Launce or 
 Razor over-thwart, and feparate it 
 from the Flefti, about three Inches 
 upwards with a Handle of a Slice ; 
 then put a piece of Lead two Inches 
 long, and an Inch broad into the 
 Hole, railing up the Skin a little be- 
 N 3 low 
 
E Y ( 182 ) 
 
 low the Incifion made by theLaunce, 
 to keep the Lead fure. 
 
 Theie Rowels are to remain for 
 twelve or fifteen Days, and the Mat- 
 ter is to be made to run out twice a 
 Day, by prelfing the Part gently 
 downwards. 
 
 The Orifices that are made either 
 by a Seton or Rovrel will heal of 
 themfelves, when the Cord or Lead 
 has been taken out. 
 
 A little Strav/, or a piece of an old 
 Shoe, or a Gentian Root may ferve 
 inftead ot Lead. 
 
 After this is done, you ufe the fol- 
 lowing Water: 
 
 ' Take three or four Handfuls of 
 
 * Rtie, cut it Imall, and put it into a 
 
 * Silver Difli, or glazed ear hen one, 
 
 * fet it over a Chaffing difh of Coals, 
 
 * and cover it with another Difh, let 
 ' it have a gentle Heat; take it off 
 
 * the Fire frequently, and with a Fea- 
 
 * ther take up the Water that fticks 
 
 * about the Difh, do this till you 
 
 * havc gotten a fmall Glafs-full of 
 
 * Water, in which diflblve a piece of 
 ' whire Vitriol of the bignels of an 
 
 * ordinarv Walnut, and bathe the Eye 
 
 * with this Morning and Evening. 
 
 * Ar.d if this be not efficacious e- 
 « nou2h, you may ufe the Laps mi- 
 
 * rabilis before-mentioned. 
 
 And if the Eye being very much 
 inflamed, both thefe fhould fail, then 
 you may have recourfe to the Oil of 
 Lead, which may be made as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 ' Take three Pound of Cerufe, re- 
 
 * duce it to Powder, by rubbing it 
 ' on the Bottom of a Searce turned 
 
 * upwards ,• put it into an earthen 
 
 * Pot v/ith five Quarts of diftilled 
 
 * VtKegar, and digeft them in a Sand 
 
 * Furnace for three Days and three 
 
 * Nights i ftirring the Bottom of the 
 «= Matter now and then with a 
 '^ wooden Slice; then filtrate the dif- 
 
 * tilled Vinegar, thus impregnated 
 f with the Sah of Lead, and evapo-- 
 
 E Y 
 
 ■ rate all the Moif^ure, and the true 
 
 * and fixed Salt of Lead will be left, 
 
 * which is to be put into a Glafs Re- 
 
 * tort, of fuch Size, that two thirds 
 
 * will remain empry. 
 ' This Retort is to be plac'd in a 
 
 * Sand Furnace, and at fi.ft muft 
 
 * have a very gentle Fire, which is to 
 
 * be augmented gradually, till nothing 
 
 * come out of the Retort; then the 
 
 * VefTels being let alone to cool, the 
 
 * Oil of Lead will be found in the 
 
 * Recipient; which you may make 
 
 * ftronger by evaporating a third part 
 ' of the Phlegm ; but it will be ftrong 
 ' enough without it. The remaining 
 
 * Matter is the Salt of Lead. 
 Seven or eight Diops of the Gil 
 
 of Lead put into the Eye every Day, 
 is an incomparable Medicine. 
 
 If the Defluxion is fo copious, that 
 it cannot be ftopp'd by the O//, then 
 you may make ufe of a refli ingent 
 Remedy apply 'd to the Forehead, as 
 follows : 
 
 * Take Bole-Armoniack, fine Tran- 
 
 * kincenfe and Ma/lick in equal quan- 
 
 * titles, powder them, and mix them 
 
 * with the Whites of Eggs, znd Juice 
 
 * of Hotifeleek^ fpread this on a piece 
 
 * of Leather, and apply it to the 
 ' Horfe's Forehead from one Temple 
 
 * to the other, repeating every Day 
 
 * once or twice, as the Rheum is 
 ' more or lefs violent; faften it on 
 
 * with a proper Bandage. 
 
 I' ills for this Infirmity. 
 
 ' Take of fine bright Aloes two 
 
 * Ounces, Agarick half an Ounce, 
 
 * Troches Alhandal three Drams; re- 
 ' duce the Lngredients to a grofs 
 
 * Powder, and mix them with a 
 ' Handful of Betony Leaves beaten, 
 
 * and a Pound oi freflj Butter ; make 
 
 * up the Mafs into Pills about the big- 
 ^ nefs of a Tennis Ball, give them 
 
 * the Horfe in Wine, and walk him 
 « for half an Hour after. If the Horfe 
 
 * be of a middle Size, this Dole will 
 
 *bo 
 
E Y 
 
 ( 1S3 ) 
 
 E Y 
 
 '- be fufficient to purge him 5 but if 
 
 * he he large, you may add another 
 
 * Dram of the Troches AlhamUl. 
 
 * Or, you mav give the Horfe two 
 
 * Ounces of FiluU AureA or LuctSy 
 
 * having given him a purging Glyfter 
 
 * the Day before. Hope. 
 
 To cauterize or burn the Parts above 
 the Eyes. 
 
 Solleyfell advifes, about the acth 
 Day of the Moon to draw a Line 
 with a red ihot Knife from Ear to 
 Ear, under the Head-ftall of the Bri- 
 dle, that the Mark may be hid, and 
 to draw the Knife backwards and 
 forward?, till the Line it makes, is 
 of a Cherry Colour ; then burn a Star 
 over the Eye-veins, without piercing 
 the Flefhjfor then the Scar would never 
 wear out. After the Scab is fallen off, 
 bathe the Sore Morning and Evening 
 with Aqusi Vit<£, and there will fel- 
 dom remain any Scar, tho' you nei- 
 ther apply Fitch nor Buttery but if 
 you do pierce th;^ Skin, then every 
 Morning and Evening, you muft 
 bathe the Part Vv'ith Aq^ua Vitd. mix'd 
 with Honey. 
 
 He fays, he has feen Moon-ey'd 
 Horfes cured by this way of burning} 
 and the worft that can happen, is, 
 that you may prelerve one Eye by 
 putting out the other : For if both 
 the Eyes be fubjefl to this Infirmity, 
 the vifual Spirits of that which is 
 loft, will retire to the other, and 
 ftrengthen it. The manner of doing 
 which is as follows : 
 
 Thruft a threaded Needle into the 
 Horfe's worft Eye, making the Point 
 come out into the Part oppofite to 
 that where it entered, and leave the 
 Thread hanging at it feven or eight 
 Days ; during which time the Eye 
 will continue to fend forth Water till 
 it grows dry. Then take out the 
 Thread, and by degrees the vilual 
 Spirits will pafs to the other Eye. 
 
 Modern Authors fay, that whereas 
 moft Farriers, when they find this 
 Infirmity obftinate, rowel Horfes neaf ' 
 the Eyes, and take up the Kech-'uc'ms j 
 as CO rovpell'mgt they are ot Opinion, 
 that it may be of fervice, becaufe by 
 that means many fmail Vefiels both 
 Veins and Arteries are opened 5 fo 
 that a leller quantitv oh Blood muft 
 be carried towards the Eye. 
 
 But as to whatfoever Succefs may 
 have been attributed to the taking up 
 of Veins for WeaknclTes and Defeds 
 in the Eyes, there is but little to be 
 faid in Favour of that Operation; 
 fince the return of the Blood is hin- 
 dred by tying up the Veins, and 
 therefore it can be only fuppos'd to 
 be ot lervice where the Eye is ftirunk, 
 and is in dinger of periftiing for v/ant 
 of Nouriftimcnt. 
 
 Of the Hanf. 
 
 Befcrlption'] The Hari> is fbme 
 part ot the Kernellv Subftance, which 
 lies at the Corners and Bottom of- the 
 Eye, which being relax'd very much, 
 and as it were fbak'd by the conti- 
 nual Flux cf the Rheum, in time 
 enlarges to fuch a degree, that it 
 thrufts out the under Eye-lid like a 
 piece of Spange, and by that means 
 caafes both Paia and continual Weep- 
 ing. 
 
 Others fiy, the Haro is a Griftle 
 which grows betwixt the nether 
 Eye-lid and the Eye, and ibmetimes 
 covers more than one half of the 
 Eye.^ 
 
 TheCaufel] It proceed? from grofs 
 and tough phlegmy Humours, that 
 defcend down from the Head, and 
 knitting together, do ac laft grow to 
 a Horn or hard Griftle. 
 
 The Stgns are a watering of the 
 Eye, and an unwiliingnefs to open 
 the nether Eye-lid, and an apparent 
 Shew of the Haw it ie!f, if you put 
 down the nether Lid of the Horfe's 
 Eye with your Thumb, 
 
 N 4. In 
 
E Y 
 
 (184) 
 
 E Y 
 
 In this Cale when all things pro- 
 per to harden and conftringe the 
 glandulous Subftance, and fo to make 
 it contrad: it felf, have hetn apply 'd, 
 and rhey have not anfwered the In- 
 tention ^ but the Excrefcence is grown 
 fo laige, that it cannot be eafily de- 
 flroy'd by any Application that would 
 not endanger the Eye it felt, then you 
 muft proceed to cutting, which is to 
 be performed in the manner follow- 
 ing : 
 
 The man72er of cuttwg the HatvPj^ 
 Firft caft the Horfe, and £'cure him 
 fo, that he cannot move, then take 
 a Needle threaded with a Wax Thread, 
 and pierce the under Eye-lid below 
 the Griftle, which furrounds it near 
 the Corner towards the Noie. Then 
 give the Thread to lome other Per- 
 fon to hold, to keep the Eye-lid o- 
 pen, and you may plair.ly fee the Ex- 
 crefcence. Then you mufl: take hold 
 of the upper part ot the Excrefcence 
 with a fine Hook, and draw it up- 
 wards, that all the Parts to which it 
 adheres may be feen, and with a ve- 
 ry finelnftrument feparate firfl- above 
 from the Eye-ball, and then below 
 from the under Eye-lid. And if it 
 happens to grow tar backwards to- 
 wards the outer Corner of the Eye, 
 then you fhould draw another Thread 
 through the under E'.e-lid about the 
 middle, pafllng the Needle alfo under 
 the Griftle, that the Eye-lid being held 
 back, it may be the more eafily fepa- 
 rated ; and having thus freed it trom 
 its Adhefions above and below, you 
 muft cut it off as near as may be to 
 the inner Corner and Bottom of the 
 Eye, and dry up the Blood and Moif- 
 ture with a Spunge. 
 
 Having thus pcrform'd the Opera- 
 tion, wafli the Eye with Red rp'tns or 
 Aqua Vitdiy and becaufe an Inflam- 
 mation may be ready to fucceed the 
 cutting, you may endeavour to pre- 
 vent it by a Reftringent Charge of 
 Vinegart Bok-Armonldckj 2cc. laid 0- 
 
 ver the Eye and Temples, till it comes 
 to be in good Temper. 
 
 You may alfo drop a little Honey 
 of Rofes into the Eye, and that will 
 bring the Matter to a good Digef- 
 tion. 
 
 But if you find the lafl: Appea- 
 rance of a frefh Excrefcence, which 
 is pretty commion in thofe moifl: 
 Parts, efpecially where they cannot 
 be kept down by the Application of 
 Bandages, then you muft make uie 
 of Vitriol-water, or the Solution of 
 the Lapis mtrabilis,zr\d. keep the Eye 
 as much as may be from Light. All 
 thefe means will give a great Check 
 to the Humours, and the Conflux of 
 them will be lefs for time to come. 
 
 Cure. Put a Needle and double 
 Thread thro' the Tip of the Horfe's 
 Ear, then pet the Needle alfo thro' the 
 Horfe's upper Eyc-Hd upv/ards, and 
 draw the upper Eye-lid, and faften it to 
 the Ear; then put the nether Eye-lid 
 down with your Thumb, and you 
 will fee the Haw very plainly. Then 
 thru ft the Needle thro' the Edge of 
 the Haw, and draw it out with the 
 Thread, fo that you may lap it about 
 your Finger, to hold it ftill ; then 
 with a very fharp Knife, cut crofs 
 the Griftle of the infide next the 
 Horfe's Eye, and feparate the Skin 
 and Fat fi-om the Griftle, and cut the 
 Griftle quite out; then cut the Threads, 
 ar.d draw them clean out, both of 
 the Eye-lids, and out of the Haw. 
 
 This being done, wafh the Eye 
 with Ale, Beer, or IVhite-wine, and 
 pluck away all the long Hairs from 
 about the Eyes of the Horfe, and 
 leave no Blood in the Eye. 
 
 You muft take care in the Opera- 
 tion, not to cut away too much of 
 the Wafti or Fat by the Haw, or a- 
 ny part of the Black that grows a- 
 bout the End of the Haw, for that 
 will make the Horfe Blear-eyed. 
 
 Some, when they have cut out the 
 Haw, anoint the Eye for fix Days 
 
 with 
 
E Y 
 
 ( iS;) 
 
 E Y 
 
 with Salht Oil, the Marrow of Sheeps 
 Shanks and Salt mixt together. 
 
 Some flamp Ground-Ivy in a Mor- 
 tar with the Juice of Ivy- berries, and 
 mix them with Water or White- 
 wine, and lay it to the Eye of the 
 Horfe Piai(l:cr-wife, repeating it Mor- 
 ning and Evening, and it '^will eat a- 
 waythe Ha\v. \ 
 
 Some after the Haw is cut away, 
 lay on a Plainer of Ccmomile and Ho- 
 ney beaten together. 
 
 Solleyfell alfb direfts, to perform 
 the Operation as follows : 
 
 To do it ( if poffible) in the Wane 
 of the Moon. Firft having caft the 
 Horfe, to apply a fmall piece of Mo- 
 ney mark'd to the Corner of the Eye, 
 between the Eye and the Haw, which 
 is a Cartilage that all Horfcs have 5 
 by the help or which you may thruft 
 a threaded Needle into the Haw, 
 without hurting the Eye. 
 
 Then pull back the lower Eye-lid 
 with your Finger, and draw forth 
 the Thread faftened to the Haw, 
 which will follow and draw after it 
 a piece of glandulous Flefh. Pull it 
 forth gently, cutting by degrees with 
 a Launce that which holds it on each 
 fide, and as }Ou draw out the Haw, 
 the piece of Flefh that flicks to it 
 will follow. 
 
 In this manner you mufl: proceed, 
 pulling and cutting, till you have ta- 
 ken out a piece of glandulous Flefi;, 
 half a Finger long, and of the bignefs 
 of an Inch, and in the Operation 
 from time to time, keep wafhing a- 
 way the Blood with Water, that you 
 may fee what you are doing. 
 
 When the Haw is taken out of 
 each Eye, take up the Eye-vein, and 
 afterwards every Morning wafh the 
 Eye with Aqua VitA, or with the 
 Solution of Lapis mirabilis in Water. 
 The Horfe muft afterwards eat no 
 Oi^ts, but only moiflened Bran for 
 fifteen or twenty Days. 
 
 Mr. Marhham fays, whenever a 
 Horfe has one Haw, he has two. 
 
 Jor Filf?2s, Wehsy and other Bifeafes of 
 the Eyes, which gaiife Dimnefs^ or 
 lofs of Sight. 
 
 Horfes that have been for fome 
 time troubled with a Defiuxion or 
 Rheum, have thin Subflances grow- 
 ing over their Eyes, fo as to obfcure 
 the Sight, and thefe Ibmetimes cleave 
 fo clofely to the Eye, that it is very 
 difficult to remove them. 
 
 Alfo fbmetimes the Cornea or hor- 
 ny Coat of the Eye is rend red ob- 
 fcure, fo that the Light cannot pafs 
 thro' it, and that from the fame Cau- 
 fes or fbme fl'ght Wound. 
 
 Sornetimes the Caufes of Dimnefs 
 and Biindnefs are more internal, and 
 as the Opinion of fome is, may pro- 
 ceed from a Condenfation or curdling 
 of the aqueous Humour of the Eyej 
 which tho' naturally clear and tranf- 
 parent, yet by means of excefllve 
 Heat, they become thick and opaque 
 like the White of an E;^? when it is 
 boil'd. ""^ 
 
 Biindnefs is alfo fometimes caufed 
 by fome foreign Master gathered in 
 the watery Humour of the Eye, 
 which in time increafes to that de- 
 gree, as to obftrua the Light from 
 pafTing through the chryftalline and 
 glaffy Humours into the Ketma or 
 Bottom of the Eye. 
 
 In a Human Eye this Defedl: is 
 cali'd a Cataraci, and according to 
 its different Appearances, Farriers call 
 it Specky Fear I or Dragon^ according 
 to the Progrcfs it has made in the 
 Eye, or its different Appearances. 
 
 When it is very fmall, and appears 
 only in the Bottom of the watery- 
 Humour of the Eye, they call it a 
 Bragon i if it be more towards the 
 Surface, a Speck j and when it is grown 
 to a confiderable largenefs, {o as to 
 
 cover 
 
E Y 
 
 ( iS6) 
 
 E Y 
 
 cover the whole Pupil oy Apple of 
 the Eye, or when it h grown very 
 large, they call it a Fear I. 
 
 But there is one fort of Blindnefs, 
 which is as common to Horfes as 
 any other, and that is, when there is 
 no vifible Defe<fl in the Eyes ^ but the 
 outward Coat and Humours appear 
 tranfparent and without blemifli. And 
 this ibrt of Blindnefs is as difficult 
 to be renoov'd as any, becaufe the 
 Fault lies in the Compreflion of the 
 Retina cr Optick Nerve j by the Vef- 
 fels that are interwoven in it being 
 too greatly diftended. 
 
 As to external Blindnefs^ As when 
 the Eye is only covered with a Film, 
 or Membranou?: Suhfiance, except that 
 takes its Original from a Scar made 
 on rhe clear tranfparent part of the 
 Cornea or horny Coat, it may be 
 cured by outward Applications, and 
 iu.^h as are eafy and limple; fuch as 
 the Juice of Celandine, 'Eye-bright, &C; 
 dropt into the Eyej but when there 
 is a Scar, or , when the Film adheres 
 very clofe to the Subftance of the 
 Eye, it will be neceflary to ufe Re- 
 medies of a more powerful Operati- 
 on; as camphor^ztea Water, or Lapis 
 mirabilis diffolved in Water, or the 
 following Water, which is recom- 
 mended as the moft effedual of any, 
 nor only to clear the Eyes from Films, 
 e^c. but alfb in all Rheums and De- 
 fluxions, and even to cure thofe where 
 there has been an apparent Defect on 
 the Cornea. 
 
 * Take eight Ounces of tmjlak'd 
 ' Lime, and pour upon it two Quarts 
 
 * of boiling Water ; let it fettle and 
 
 * grow clear, then pour it off gently 
 ' from the Lime, and filter it through 
 
 * a brown Paper, then put it in a 
 ' clean Brafs or Copper Pan, and put 
 
 * into it two Ounces of crude Sal- 
 ' Armoniack to diffolve; let it ftand 
 ^ in the fame Veflel, till it is of a 
 
 * very beautiful blue Colour, and fil- 
 
 * ter it the fecond time. Drop four 
 
 * or five Drops of this every Day in- 
 
 * to the Horfe's Eye, or oftener if 
 
 * there be occafion. This Water will 
 
 * keep good a long time. 
 
 As tor thoie Remedies that are 
 made of Shells, Powder of Glafs, and 
 Powder of Flint, or oiTurhi/h Whet- 
 ftones, the Succefs of them is only 
 their fharp Points, which tear the 
 Subfiance of thofe things, that grow 
 over the Sight, while they roll about 
 in the Eyej but as they cannot be 
 diflblved, but often flick in the Cor- 
 ners and in the foft Flefh in the Bot- 
 tom of the Eye, and fo caufe violent 
 Inflammations, they therefore ought 
 not to be ufed, unlefs in defperate Cafes. 
 
 As to thofe Defects that are in- 
 vpard.'] Tho' fbme of them cannot 
 be cured ; yet there are means to be 
 ufed, which will adrainifter help in 
 thofe Cafes. 
 
 The Signs."] If one or more of the 
 Humours of the Eye fliall be coagu- 
 lated and thickened as is before-men- 
 tioned, this will be apparent; becaufe 
 the Bottom of the Eye, which is 
 plainly vifible in an Horfe, muft then 
 be hid, and nothing but the Colour 
 of the condenfed Humour through 
 the Cornea can be feen ; but this fort 
 of Blindnefs happens but very rarely, 
 unlefs it is caufed by a Wound or 
 Bruife, and if fb, it is incurable. 
 
 The next inward Imperfe6tion of 
 the Eyes is a CataraSi or Pearl. This 
 Defe6l lies within the Cornea, and is 
 not to be cured in Horfes; becaufe 
 no outward A pplication can reach it, 
 but what at the fame time would 
 deftroy the Eye. Therefore the com- 
 mon Praftife of ufing Corrofives, to 
 eat off a Cataract, \s in vain. 
 
 And as to internal means, that will 
 but little, if at all avail, and as to 
 couching of Catarads in Horfes, they 
 being unmanageable, itgenerally grows 
 
 Ai 
 
E Y 
 
 ( 1 
 
 As to the TPay of knomng Cata- 
 racis.] They d-ffer in thcii Colours, 
 fome being yellovfi, feme i?Uck, and 
 fome white j but thofe Catarafls 
 which Horfes have, are eicher of a 
 Tphitijlj Coiour, a Pearl blue, or in- 
 clinable to green -y when they begin, 
 they are but fma'l, but grow larger 
 as the Matter that fornns them is 
 continually falling into tlie warery 
 Humour. One Sign to know a Ca- 
 tarad before it is ripe, is by rubbing 
 the outfide of the Eyej for that will 
 make it fhift its place a little. 
 
 The Cure.'] If a Horfe has Strength 
 enough, Mr. Gi6fon direfts bleeding 
 for a Gutta Serena in the firit place, 
 and after that, purging two or three 
 times with thofe Purges before di- 
 reded for Moon-Eves j and alfb rowel- 
 ling j and thefe Cafes being obftinare, 
 the Antimonid Balls dired:ed for the 
 Farcin, or the Cinnabr.r Balls, or fuch 
 as are appointed tor the Staggers, 
 which if continued for fome rime, 
 will prevent Blindr.efs. 
 
 But if the Retina be fo much 
 comprefs'd as to lofe all Senfe, the 
 Cafe is very defperate^ for this fort 
 of Blind nefs, is feldom if ever to be 
 cured, except it be in its Infancy. 
 
 Tor a Pin, Web or Pearl in a 
 Horfe' s Eye. 
 
 * Some advife to take an Egg, 
 
 * and make a hole in the Top, and 
 
 * put out half the While, to fill the 
 
 * Vacancy up with Salt and Ginger, 
 
 * powdered and well mixt together, 
 
 * then to roaft the Egg extreme hard, 
 
 * fo as ir may be beaten to fine Pow- 
 ' der, having before iapt it in a wet 
 
 * Cloth, then wafh the Horfe's Eye 
 
 * Morning and Evening with the 
 
 * Juice of Ground-Ivy or Eye- bright 
 
 * Water, then blow fome of this 
 
 * Powder into his Eye, and it will 
 
 * be a certain Remedy. 
 
 * Others advife to take as much 
 
 * DialthAft as the quantity of a Wal- 
 
 87 ) E Y 
 
 * nut, and put to it of Powder of 
 
 * Verdegreafe to the quanti^-y of an 
 ' Hazlenur, mix themi well together, 
 ' and put a bit the bignefs of a Pea 
 ' every Day in the Horfe's Eye. And 
 this they fiy, will take off any Film 
 whatfoever. Or, 
 
 * Take a oi«re of rhe faltejl Beef 
 
 * you can polTibly oqx, and dry it ia 
 ' an Ovt:i., and afterwards reduce it 
 
 * to Powder i take the fame quanti- 
 
 * ty of Liquorice Sticks, dry them, 
 
 * and beat them to fine Powder, and 
 
 * feiTCc it through a Cloth ; blow 
 ' this Powder once a Day into the 
 ' Eye of the Horle, and in three or 
 
 * four times doing, it will take off 
 ' the Fi'm. 
 
 ' If at the fame time a Rheum at- 
 ' tend the Eye, ro (lop that, dip a 
 ' little Fiax or Hurds in fome melted 
 
 * Ro/n, and lay it in the Hole of the 
 
 * Horfe's Eye. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take i&hite Copperas, powder it, 
 
 * lift it thro' a very fine Sieve, with 
 
 * the fame quanricy of white Sugar- 
 
 * ca>2dy beaten, blow "hi-^ Powder in- 
 
 * to the Horfe's E)e once a Day; and 
 
 * when you find it to amend, once 
 ' in two or three Days will be faf- 
 ' ficicnt. Or, 
 
 * Beat AlabaJJer, fearre it fine, and 
 
 * blow it into the f-iorfe's Eve once 
 ' a Day, and it will take the Film 
 ' off. 
 
 For any fore Eye, or dim Sight, 
 
 ' Take a Pint of Snoxp-water. and 
 ' diUblve in it three or four Drams 
 ' of Tvhite Vitriol, and wafn the 
 ' Horfe's Eyes three or four times 
 
 * with this Water. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take Rofe-lea-ves. Euface, Mai- 
 
 * den-hair. Endive, Succory, Smallage^ 
 
 * Red-Fennel, Celandine znd Hill-wort y 
 
 * of each two Ounces i wafli them 
 
 • clean. 
 
E Y 
 
 (i88) 
 
 E Y 
 
 clean, and lay them in White-mne 
 to deep for 24 Hours, and then 
 diftil them. The firft Water will 
 be like Gold, the fecond like Silver, 
 and the third like Balm. This Wa- 
 ter is faid, to have recovered Sight 
 that has been loft for fome Years. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take the blackeft Flint you can 
 get, and calcine it ; then powder it 
 finely, and fift it through a fine 
 Sieve, and put Powder of Ginger to 
 it, and blow it into theHorfe's Eye, 
 as you fee occafion. 
 
 Another. 
 
 ' Take Bay-Salt or common Salt^ 
 beat it very fmall, and mix it with 
 frejh Butter ; then make it up into 
 
 • Balls of the bignefs of Hazle-nuts, 
 and put one of them into the Horfe's 
 Eye, holding your Hand over it, till 
 it is all melted. Do this once a 
 
 • Day, and if it be taken in time, it 
 will take off any Film. 
 
 Another for a Film, or rehite Shin 
 over the Eye. 
 
 * Take the Root of black Sallow, 
 burn it to Afhes, and add to it the 
 like quantity of Sugar-candy, and 
 grated Ginger finely fearced, and 
 blow it into the Horfe's Eyes, Mor- 
 ning and Evening. 
 
 For a Fear I, Fin, or Web. 
 
 * Take a new-laid Egg, and roaft 
 ' it very hard, then cut it in two, 
 
 length ways; take out the Yolk, 
 and fill the empty holes with white 
 Vitriol finely powdered, then clofe 
 the Egg again, and roaft it the fe- 
 cond time, till the Vitriol is melt- 
 ed ,• then beat the Egg-fhell and all 
 in a Mortar, and ftrain it, and with 
 that Moifture drefs the Horfe's Eye. 
 
 * You may fill the Holes wirh 
 ' Myrrh fearced fine, inftead of Vi- 
 ' triol, and hang the Egg up that it 
 
 may drop, and drefs the Eye with 
 that Moifture. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Mix Verdegreafe and burnt Al- 
 lum, of each like quantities, finely 
 beaten and fearced with Ointment 
 of MarJJj mallows, and put a bit a- 
 bout the bignefs of a Pea in the 
 Horfe's Eye once a Day, and it will 
 cure him. 
 
 Another. 
 
 ' Take half a dozen Egg-fiells, 
 ' cleanfe away the inner Film from 
 ' them as clean as may be. then lay 
 ' the Shells between two Tiles, and 
 
 * lay them in hot glowing Embers, 
 ' and cover them all over and on e- 
 
 * very fidej let them lie till they are 
 ' thoroughly dry'd, then beat them 
 
 * to a fire Powder, and fearce it ve- 
 
 * ry fine, and blow a little of the 
 ' Powder into the Horfe's Eye with 
 
 * a Quill. Morning, Noon and Night, 
 
 * and it will be a certain Cure. 
 
 For a Pearl in the Eye. 
 
 * Take a good quantity of xohite 
 ' Salt, wrap it up in a wet Cloth, 
 
 * and put it into the Fire, and burn 
 
 * it to a Coal ; when you take it 
 ' out and open it, you will find a 
 ' Core about the bignefs of a Bean, 
 ' take out the Core, beat it to Pow- 
 
 * der, mix it with a little White- 
 
 * wine, znd when it has ftoodawhile, 
 ' take the thickeft of that that lies 
 
 * on the Bottom, and put it into the 
 
 * Horfe's Eye, and wafh his Eye with 
 
 * the thin ; do this once a Day, till 
 
 * the Pearl is gone. 
 
 For foul fore Eyes, or Sight at- 
 mojl loft. 
 
 * Take Tacamahacca, Majlich, Ro- 
 ' fin and Fitch, of each equal quanti- 
 
 * ties J melt them with Flocks of 
 
 * the Colour of the Horfe, and lay it 
 ' as a Detenfative on each fide. his 
 
 ' Tern- 
 
E Y 
 
 ( 1S9) 
 
 E Y 
 
 ' Temples, as big or bigger than a 
 « Crown piece ; then underneath his 
 ' Eyes upon the Cheek Bone (with 
 « a round Iron ) burn three or four 
 
 * Holes, and anoint them with fweet 
 ' Butter i then wafh a Handful of 
 « Celandine ck^n inlVhite-T»ine,hTulfc 
 
 * it and (train it, and to the Juice of 
 ' it, put the third part of the quanti- 
 
 * ty of Mother's Milk, and a good 
 < quantity of white Sugar-candy 
 
 * fearced, and put fome of it into 
 
 * the Horfe's Eye Morning and Eve- 
 
 * ning. 
 
 This is proper for the worfl: of 
 fore Eyesi but if the Difcafe be not 
 extreme, you may ufe the Medicines, 
 and omit the defcnlative and bur- 
 ning. 
 
 Tor 'Eye-lUs fwelled outwards. 
 If the Eye-lids of a Horfe are fo 
 fweli'd that the infides of them are 
 turned outwards, and look very red, 
 as if they were full of Bladders; and 
 yet the Ball of the Eye is very found 
 and good. * Then only keep him 
 
 * warm, with a Hood of Linen made 
 ' fit for his Head, and anoint him 
 
 * with Rofe-water, Honey and white 
 
 * Sugar-candy, and in two or three 
 ' Days time they will return again.- 
 ' Then bleed him, do not clip or 
 
 * meddle with any of the Bladders, 
 
 * on any part of the Eye ; for that 
 
 * may be very injurious, it will ei- 
 
 * ther blind him, kill him, or at the 
 
 * beft make him blear-eyed. 
 
 F. FACTITIOUS^ 
 
F A 
 
 ( 190 ) 
 
 F A 
 
 ©C)O OC:>QGC)QQQQOC)Q Q(^Q QOOQOOQOQ 
 
 F. 
 
 FACTITIOUS. 
 
 Tr> ABitioHs fignifies any thing made 
 JP by Art in Oppoiinon to what 
 is the produce of Nature. 
 FACULTY. 
 
 Faculty is a Power or Ability to. 
 perform any Aftion. Some diftin- 
 guifh Faculty into natural, vital and 
 animal. By the firft they undcrftand, 
 that by which a Body is nourifhed 
 and augmented, and another like it 
 generated. The lital Faculty is that 
 by which Liie is preferved, and the 
 ordinary Fundlions of the Body per- 
 formed. The animal Faculty, the O- 
 perations of the Mind, as Imaginati- 
 on, Memory, i^c. 
 
 FALCADE. 
 
 A Horie is faid to make Falcades, 
 when he throws himfelf upon his 
 Haunches two or three times, as in 
 very quick Corvets i which is done 
 in forming a Stop and half Stop. 
 Therefore a Falcade is that Adion 
 of the Haunches and of the Legs, 
 which bend very low, when you 
 make a Stop and half Stop. To ex- 
 prefs this Adlion, or in Relation to it, 
 thefe Terms are u{ed : 
 
 Th.^t Horfe fiops well, for he makes 
 tvpo or three Falcades, andfiniJJjes his 
 Stop with a Pefate, 
 
 That Horfe has no Haunches^ be 
 ycill make no Falcades. 
 
 The Falcades of the Horfe are fo 
 much the prettier, that in making 
 them his Haunches are lore. 
 
 Stop your Horfe upon the Haunch- 
 es, in making them, ply them well, 
 fo that forming his Falcades, he may 
 refume his Gallop without making a 
 Pefate i that h, without flopping or 
 
 marking one time, and thus he'll 
 make a half Stop. 
 
 THK FALLING EVIL. 
 
 This Diftemper is the £'me in 
 Horfes, that the Falling Sicknefs is in 
 Men, and does for a certain time de- 
 prive them ot all Senfe whatloever. 
 And altho' it is not commonly inci- 
 dent to our 'Englifj Racers, yet it is 
 to the French, Italian and Spanifj 
 Horfes. 
 
 The Caufe.'] It proceeds from 
 cold and grofs Phlegm, which fome- 
 times gathers in the fore-part of the 
 Head, betwixt the Panicle and the 
 Brain, which when any hot Vapour 
 difperfes it over the whole Brain, it 
 piefently caufes this Falling. 
 
 Signs:] The Horfe will fall of i 
 fudden, both by the Refolurion of 
 his Members, and the Diftention of 
 his Sinews, all his Body will quake 
 and quiver, and he will foam much 
 at his Mouth; but when you think 
 him paft all Hope of Recovery, he 
 will on a fudden flart up, and fall to 
 his Meat. 
 
 The way to know whether theie 
 Fits will come often or feldom, is to 
 feel the Griflle that is betwixt his 
 Noflrils; and if it be warm, he will 
 be infefted with it but feldom j but 
 if cold, often. 
 
 The Cure.] * Firfl bleed him in 
 
 * the Neck- vein, taking away good 
 
 * flore of Blood, and within four or 
 
 * five Days after, bleed him in his 
 
 * Temple-veins and Eye-veins. Then 
 
 * anoint his Body all over with a 
 
 * comfortable Fridtion, and bathe his 
 
 * Head and Ears with Oil of B^^yst 
 
 * Liquid Vitch and Tar mixed toge- 
 
 * ther. 
 
F A 
 
 ( 191 ) 
 
 F A 
 
 * ther, and put {bme of it into his 
 ' Ears, and make him a fort of a 
 ' Hood ot Canvafs hn'd with Wool! 
 ' to keep his Head warm, and give 
 
 * him a Purge or Scouring. 
 
 You may alfo give him fbmething 
 to caufe him to fneeze, and it the 
 piicaie flill continues, pierce the Skin 
 of his Forehead in divers Places with 
 a hot Iron, and anoint it with fiveet 
 Butter ; this will draw out thole grofs 
 Humours tKat opprefs the Brain, and 
 while he continues under his Courfe 
 of Phyfick, keep the Stable very 
 warm, and let his Diet be thin. 
 Mark. 
 
 Another Medicine. 
 
 Let him blood on both fides of 
 his Neck, and the Morning in which 
 he has been let blood before he drinks, 
 give him the following Drink : 
 
 ' Take Mijletoe that grows upon 
 
 * an Apple-tree, the Leaves of which 
 
 * are like thofe of Ivy ; dry it, and 
 
 * rub it to Powder, (this you fliould 
 
 * prepare at your Leifure) and give 
 
 * him a Spoonful of this Powder in 
 
 * half a Pint of Sack, and keep him 
 
 * in the Houfe till he is well, and let 
 
 * the Water he drinks be lukewarm. 
 
 ' To the Mijletoe may be added 
 
 * three Drams of the Theriaca Dia- 
 
 * tejiaron, or a Dram or Dram and 
 
 * a halt of Oil of Pepper. 
 
 The Falling-Evily Planet -fir uck, 
 Night-Mare, or Valfey. 
 
 A certain Author fays, thefe Dif- 
 tempers are all of one Nature, tho' 
 they look with different Faces, and 
 proceed ail from a Hke Caufe. 
 
 When it caules the Horfe to fall 
 down, it is call'd the Palling Evil j 
 when it weakens but one Member 
 only, it is call'd Planet-Jiruck i when 
 it oppreiTes a Horfe's Stomach, and 
 makes him fweat in his Sleep, it is 
 call'd the Night-Mare i and when it 
 ipoils fame fpecial Member by fome 
 
 ftrange Contraflion, it is called the 
 Pal/ey. 
 
 The Caufe.'] The Caufe is cold 
 Phlegm, a thick Humour engendered 
 about the Brain, benumming the 
 Senles, and weakening the Members. 
 
 The Cure.] For any of thefe In- 
 firmities, give the Horfe the follow- 
 ing Purging-Pill: ^ Beat three Spoon- 
 
 * fuls of Tar, and three Spoonfuls of 
 ' fweet Butter together, with Pow- 
 ' der of Anni feeds. Liquorice znd SU" 
 ' gar-candy, till it comes to be a 
 
 * Parte, and make it into three round 
 
 * Balls, and give them to the Horfe. 
 
 * Keep him warm both before and 
 « after, and alfb fafting for two or 
 
 * three Hours before and after. 
 
 The Falling Evil and Convulfons. 
 
 This is what comes under the De- 
 nomination of an Epilepjy, and feems 
 to be no other than an Apoplexy or 
 Vertigo attended with Convulfions, ei- 
 ther as the Caufe or Effeft. 
 
 A Horfe when he is attack'd with 
 the Falling Evil, drops down on a 
 fudden, his Eyes and Teeth become 
 fix'd j but his Head and Body is fhook, 
 and extremely agitated ; Froth comes 
 out of his Mouth, his Flanks heave 
 and labour; and there is alfb fome- 
 times an involuntary Difcharge of 
 Dung and Urine. 
 
 The Caufe ofConvulfions,] What- 
 foever waftes the Body, or any of 
 its Parts, caufes Convulfions, as long 
 Sicknefs, hard Labour, violent Purg- 
 ings, or immoderate Bleeding. And 
 on the contrary, whatfoever over-fills 
 the Body, and is the Original of 
 Obflrudtions in the Blood VefTels, or 
 Nerves, or caufes a Weaknefsand De- 
 bility in the Stomach ; and befides 
 thefe. Wounds, or whatfoever elfe 
 caufes Pain or Inflammation. 
 
 The Cure] The method of Cure, 
 is the fame with that of the Vertigo, 
 But this is always to be obferved for 
 a Rule, that Evacuations by bleeding 
 
 and 
 
F A 
 
 ( 192 ) 
 
 F A 
 
 and purging muft not be ufed when 
 the Difeafe proceeds from lownefs of 
 Spirits 5 unlefs feme particular Cir- 
 cumftances render it necelTary to uie 
 them moderately. 
 
 FALSE. 
 
 ThisHorfe is fa!fe, th^t is, he Gal- 
 lops talfe. See Gallop. 
 
 FALSE (QUARTER. 
 
 A fiJ/e Quarter is a Reft or Chink 
 in the Quarter of a Horfe's Hoof 
 from top to bottom j it generally 
 happens on the infide of it, that be- 
 ing the weakeft and thinneft part. 
 
 Caufe.'] It proceeds from the dri- 
 nefs of the Hoof j but efpecially when 
 a Horfe has been ridden in a dry, 
 fandy or ftony Ground in hot Wea- 
 ther, or in frofty Weather, when the 
 Ways are hard and flinty. It fbme- 
 times is caufed by bad fhoing, and 
 by pricking the Horfe, and all thofe 
 other Accidents by which a Horfe 
 becomes Hoof-bound : For the nar- 
 Townefs of the Heel, and the brittle- 
 nefsofthe Quarters, do always ren- 
 der a Horfe liable to all the (aid Ac- 
 cidents. 
 
 The Signs:] The Horfe will halt 
 much, and the Reft will bleed, and 
 when the Shoe is off, the whole So- 
 rance is to be feen. 
 
 This Accident is both painful and 
 dangerous, for as oft as the Horfe 
 fets his Foot to the Ground, the 
 Chink widens and gapes ; and when 
 he lifts it up,^ the fharp Edges of the 
 divided Hoof, pinch and wound the 
 tender Flefh that covers the Coffin- 
 Bone, and Blood for the moft part 
 follows. And as it is very difficult 
 to effed a Re-union, it muflof courfe 
 make a Horfe lame. 
 
 The Cure.-] ' Take off the Shoe, 
 
 * and take away as much of the Hoof 
 ' on that fide the Sorance is, that 
 
 * when the Shoe is fet on again, the 
 
 * Chink may be wholly uncovered; 
 
 * then with a drawing Iron open 
 
 * the Chink to the Quick, and fill 
 
 * the Rift with a Roll ofHurds dipt 
 ' in this Ointment: i:2ktWax,THr- 
 
 * pent'me and Sheep's- fuety of each e- 
 ' qual quantities, melt them together, 
 
 * dip the Hurds in it, and flop the 
 ' Rift with it, renew the fame once 
 
 * every Day till it is whole. The 
 
 * Rift being thus clos'd on the top 
 
 * with this Ointment, draw the place 
 
 * betwixt the Hoof and the Hair with 
 
 * a hot Iron over- thwart that place, 
 
 * and it will make it grow and fl^.oot 
 
 * downwards; but do not ride him 
 
 * with any other Shoe till his Foot 
 
 * be hardened and become found. 
 
 Some fear the Coronet above the 
 Crack, without piercing the Skin, 
 juft where the Hoof begins; and alfo 
 fear the Chink about the middle of 
 the Hoof with another Iron, which 
 does very well, if they do but take 
 care to keep the Hoof moifl with 
 Applications of Tar, Honey and Greafe. 
 
 Some v/hen the Pain is violent, 
 pour Aqua forth into the Rift to 
 deaden the Part, having made a bor- 
 der of Wax on each fide to prevent 
 it from fpoiling the Reft of the 
 Hoof. Again, there are other?, who 
 take a f^at piece of Wood about an 
 Inch broad; but {o flender, that it 
 will bend like a Hoop, and long e- 
 nough to go twice round the Hoof; 
 and firfl drawing the whole length 
 of the Cleft, they apply to the Sore, 
 V Itchy Turpentine and Suet melted to- 
 gether, and faften the Hoof with 
 pieces of Lift or Filleting, which is 
 a Contrivance to ferve inftead of a 
 Bandage, and to keep the Chink u- 
 nited, and hinder it from jarring 
 when the Foot is moved; becaule 
 the leaft motion will be apt to dif- 
 compofe that tender Subftance which 
 is growing up in the Cleft, and apt 
 to caufe an Impofthumation, which 
 will caufe the Hoof to open again. 
 
 Some are of Opinion, the follow- 
 ing Method will be as fuccefsful, and 
 more eafy. 
 
 Firfl 
 
F A 
 
 ( I 
 
 Firft with a drawing Iron, draw 
 the whole length of the Clefc very 
 gently, afterwards having Tur, Ho- 
 ney and Suet melted together, anoint 
 the Hoof with it j then dip a thin 
 Pledget in the lame, and by it a^ong 
 the Cleft. Then having Ropj-Yarn 
 ( fuch as the Sailors ufe, which is 
 Hemp moi'len'd in melted ?itch and 
 T^r, and fpan loofe) begin at the Co- 
 ronet, and apply it down the Hoof, 
 defcending dovv^nwards one Lay clofe 
 to anorher, as clofe as the Hoops of 
 a Wine-Cask are one to another; ha- 
 ving laid a fmooth Pledget of Flax 
 behind to keep it from fretting the 
 Heel. This you ought to open once 
 in three or four Days, that the Ciefc 
 may be dreft, and »':hat you may the 
 better prevent any inconvenience that 
 othcrwMic might happen in opening 
 it. You may get a thin Staple made, 
 contriv'd with Points like Horfe- 
 fhoe Nails, caft off obliquely, to take 
 a flender hold the Plate crolTing the 
 Cleft, where part of the Shoe is cut 
 off", and the Nails coming out on 
 each fide the Cieft on the upper part, 
 to be riveted as the other Nails. 
 
 hy this Method a Cleft may be 
 cafily cured in any part of the Foot, 
 provided the Horfe be not very old 
 or difeaicd. 
 
 ' Sonie cut away the old corrupt 
 
 * Hoof, and then take ieven Whites 
 
 * of Eggs, the Powder of Incenfe, of 
 
 * Majiich, oi\VerJegreafe, of unflah'd 
 
 * Lime and Salt, of each three Oun- 
 
 * cesj and having mix'd them well 
 
 * together, dip in as much Hurds as 
 
 * will cover the fore Hoof, and lay 
 
 * it on, and afterwards lay Hog's- 
 ' greafe an Inch thick about it, and 
 
 * alfo below it, and bind it on fb, 
 
 * that it may remain un.lirred for a 
 
 * Fortnight, and then renew the Ap- 
 
 * plication. This will make the Hoof 
 
 * perfedl. 
 
 But if within the falfe Quarter 
 there be any corrupt Matter gathered. 
 
 93 ) FA 
 
 that c-iufcs the Horle to halt : Lay 
 your Finger upon it, and if the 
 Horfe flirink at iu open it to let out 
 the Matter with a drawing Knife, 
 and having mixed together Horfe- 
 dung. Vinegar y Oil and Salt^ lay it 
 on Plaifier-wile, and it will heal it, 
 and make the Hoof good. But you 
 muft be cautious in flioeing the Horfe 
 till his Hoof is hardened. 
 
 THE FARCIN. 
 No Diffemper has more exercis'd 
 the Skill of Farriers than the Farcin. 
 Some afcribe irs Original to naughty 
 and corrupt Blood, or by eating cor- 
 rupt and naughty Food, and lying ia 
 Swines Litter and fuch like Caufes. 
 
 The Sieur Solleyfell accounts it to 
 be an Uicer caus'd by the Corruption 
 of Blood, and that it makes the Con- 
 dition of a Horle either hopeful or 
 defperate by a certain Poifon, accor- 
 ding as it is more or lefs malig- 
 nant. 
 
 Others fay, the immediate Caufe 
 of it, is a languid and heavy motion 
 of the Blood, and other Juices which 
 are contain'd in the fmall Veflels of 
 the ex'reme and outward Parts of 
 the Body of an Horfe, and that the 
 chief Seat of it is in the Skin and 
 flediy Pannicle. 
 
 Mofl Authors having didinguifhed 
 the Farcin into feveral kinds, viz, 
 the dry, the ivet, the flying, the /«- 
 roard, the corded Farcin^ and the 
 Fiircin that puts forth red or yel- 
 lowifh FleHi, and that which is of 
 a livid or black Colour, and refembles 
 the Fundament of a Hen. 
 
 As to the Tfpet and dry, they differ 
 only as there is more or lefs Moifture 
 in the Ulcers and Parts where it is feat- 
 as the fiying Farcin, which appears 
 fometimes in one place, and fbme- 
 times in another; the inward Farcin, 
 which is faid only to be felt on the 
 Breaft; but does not elevate the Skin, 
 and often dilappears fuddenly, and be- 
 comes the immediate Caufe of Sick- 
 O ncis. 
 
FA ( 194 ) 
 
 Jiefs. Thefe, while they are not fixt, be expeded 
 
 F A 
 
 and have Properties that are quite 
 foreign from a Farcin, cannot pro- 
 perly be cali'd a Farcin -^ tho' they 
 may degenerate to a true Fr.rcin. 
 
 As to all the other kinds, thev are 
 only different Effefts of that which 
 makes its firft appearance like a knot- 
 ted Cord, and it is this fort aione 
 that in property of Speech conftitutes 
 a true Farcin. 
 
 The Farcin has its chief Scat in 
 the Skin, and thin mufcular Pannicle 
 that lies under it, it is cauied when 
 the Juices in thofc Parrs are become 
 vifcid, and fo of confequence flow 
 and languid in their motion ; where- 
 by the cuticuiar Difcharges are ob- 
 ilrudled, fo that the Matter turning 
 fharp and corronve, breaks thro' the 
 Skin. 
 
 The Caufes are various, fometimes 
 it proceeds from Infedion from o- 
 ther Horles, fometimes from unwhol- 
 ibme Food, fometim.es full Feeding 
 with too little Exercife; and where 
 there happens to be an ill habit of 
 Body, it will even proceed from Spur- 
 galling, or any thing elfe that frets 
 the Skin; and it is oftentimes theEf- 
 fed: of hard Travelling or hard La- 
 bour, or whatfoever elfe caufes a De- 
 bility and Weaknefs. 
 
 Firft, that Farcin that has its riie 
 upon the Head and upper Parts, is 
 eafily cured, becaufe it cannot have 
 deep Root; but if once it comes to 
 affedl the Emundlories and Kernels 
 about the Jaws, and towards the 
 Ears, it is then more hazardous, and 
 if it be negledcd, will be apt to breed 
 the Glanders. 
 
 That fort of Farcin that is fuperfi- 
 cial, and only atfcds the Hide, can- 
 not be of any danger, altho' it fliould 
 be univerfal, having overfpread the 
 whole Body; but on the other hand, 
 if it has been originally leated in the 
 Pannicle, or if it appears to grow 
 deeper, and affedl the Pannicle, it may 
 
 that it will be more 
 difficult and obftinate; but vet even 
 in this Cafe, if it neither affedls the 
 glandulous and kernelly Parts, or the 
 Knots do not break and degenerate 
 into a Caries or Scirrhus, it will net 
 be very difficult to remove it. 
 
 But yet the Farcin that is the raofl 
 fuperficial and the kaPt rooted, if it 
 be of long continuance and without 
 abatement, it may infenfibly and gra- 
 dually become of bad confequence, 
 by diHurbing the Offices of Secreti- 
 on; for while the Humours do con- 
 tinually tend towards the Knots and 
 Sores, the Pores of the Skin become 
 obftrudled, and not having a due and 
 regular difcharge there, inward Dil^ 
 orders may be produc'd by the leaft 
 Error in Feeding or Exercife. SiO 
 that it may be frequently obfervcd, 
 that Horfes which have the Farcin 
 do alio become broken-winded and 
 confiimptivej and fometimes liable to 
 the Yellows, and many other Difea- 
 fes, which either renders them incu- 
 rable, or at bell makes the Cure dif- 
 ficult. 
 
 When a Farcin begins in the ex- 
 treme and moft dependent Parts, it 
 is very difficult to be removed; or if 
 in the Proceis of the Difeafe, the 
 Humours fail downwards upon the 
 Limbs, it is difficult to be cur'd; be- 
 caufe it is generally attended with the 
 Greafe. 
 
 The Cure.'] In order to the Cure, 
 the Farrier ought firfl to confider the 
 Condition of the Horfe, if he be fat 
 and lufty when the Difeafe feizes 
 him ; if fo, there ought to be fbme 
 abatement in his Diet; but on the o- 
 ther hand, if the Horfe be lean and 
 out of heart, not having had fuffi- 
 cient Nourifhment,or having laboured 
 beyond his Feeding and Strength, 
 there fnould be fome Augmentation 
 of his Diet : For on the one hand, as 
 that Lenior and flownefs of the Jui- 
 ces which caufes a Farcin, is often- 
 times 
 
F A 
 
 ( I 
 
 times occcfioned by a tc i great Ple- 
 niiude and fulnel's of -pj Veilcls : So 
 poornefs frequently p'o.iuccs thefinne 
 cffefts i hecau.e in the lafi: Caic the 
 Blocd being divefted of its Spirits, 
 becomes languid and fiuggifh,and by 
 conlequcncc is rend red the more lia- 
 ble to be obilru6led in the extreme 
 Parts where the Veflels arc fmalkft. 
 
 And therefore according to the O- 
 pinion of Solley felly purging will be 
 of no great fervice, but injurious to 
 Horfes that have the Furcin. As to 
 a Horfe that is low in Flcf!?, tin's is 
 fo plain, that it requires no Proof, 
 and therefore fhould never be made 
 ufe of but in flich Circum fiances as 
 make it uravoidablc, as when there is 
 an exrrcmie Codisenefs, nnd in this 
 Cafe, laxative Glyfters are the mofl 
 proper. 
 
 Bur on the contrary, if the Horfe 
 be fat and full bodied, purging will 
 be lefs injurious to him, and lo may 
 be moderately us'd, yet it h not at 
 all fuited to make a perfcft Cure of 
 the Farcin j but on the contrary has 
 ruined many Horfes, under the Ma- 
 ragement of ignorant Farriers that 
 know no other way of carrying off 
 Dileafes, but by repeated Purgings ; 
 they only imagining the Blood of 
 the Horfe to be fui! of Corruption, 
 and that the Medicines they ufe, have 
 fome Eleftive Property to draw that 
 off with the Dung. 
 
 But Expeiience hath fufficiently 
 taught, that in all Purgations the 
 good mufl neceffarily be drained a- 
 way with the bad ; and therefore 
 Purgations are feldom prcijtable in 
 the Foulnefles of the Skin and out- 
 ward Parts, but rather injurious. And 
 thofe things can only be expected to 
 be fuccefsful tliat do more immedia- 
 tely work upon the Blood and Hu- 
 mours, by changins; the Contexture 
 of them, and rendring them fo thin, 
 that their excrementi^ious Parts will 
 go off by the nearefr and moft pro- 
 
 9S ) F A 
 
 per Outlets. And it has appeared 
 evidently, that thofe Medicines that 
 have been endued with fuch Proper- 
 ties, have been the moH: effedual in 
 curing the F.vcin. 
 
 If a Horfe then be plethorick and 
 full bodied, this habit may without 
 dcubt be an incumbrance to Nature, 
 and in this Cafe there will be Pain 
 and Infiammation in the Knots and 
 Tumours; and for all this the Mat- 
 ter rriay not be rightly difpos'd to 
 come to a laudable Digeftion. 
 
 When the Symptoms ar-e fuch, 
 you mav begin the Cure by bleeding 
 the Horfe plentifully in the Neck; 
 b-it you ought not to repeat it, un- 
 lefs it be required by fome urgent 
 Circum fiances. 
 
 And after the Horfe has been bloo- 
 ded, you may give him one or two 
 moderate Purges, fuch as follows i 
 which are more particularly fuited to 
 the Nature of the Farcin. 
 
 ' Tike Aloes powdered one Ounce,' 
 
 * hlyrrh the fime quantity, half aa 
 
 * Ounce of Diaphoretick Antimony, 
 < and two Dram.s of famakci Fep- 
 ' per: Make them into Balls with as 
 ' mju ch I lour and Honey as fhali be 
 ' fufiicicnt. 
 
 This is fo mild a Purge, that it 
 may be given alm.ofl: to any Horfe; 
 but this that follows is Ibmething 
 ftronger. 
 
 ' Take two Ounces o^ Aloes ^ Gum 
 ' Guiiuicam and ^thiops MineraU of 
 ' each half an Ounce, and 2 Drams 
 ' of S.zlt of Tartar : Make them in- 
 
 * to Balls with a faff.cient quantity 
 ' of F'our and Honey. 
 
 This is fo aptly liiited to the Na- 
 ture of the F.2rc':n, that no Medicine 
 can be better,- but if for fome ro- 
 bufr Horfes you would have it flrong- 
 er;, you may give the following : 
 
 ' Take an Ounce or Ounce and a 
 
 « half of the Countefs of PFarwick's 
 
 ' Powder, call'd alfo Pulvis Co-na' 
 
 ^ chinh and one Ounce of JEthiops 
 
 O 2 ' Miner aU 
 
FA (196 ) 
 
 make them up in- 
 vvith Flour and Ho- 
 
 F A 
 
 ' Mineral^ and 
 
 * to two Balls 
 
 • my. 
 
 You may gi^e either of thefe to a 
 Horfe according to his Strength ; but 
 you mufl: take care that he drinks 
 nothing but white Water warm, till 
 the Phylick is quite gone out of his 
 Body 5 which will be about a Week 
 or ten Days afrcr the firft Dofe, if" 
 he be purged three times. 
 
 IF upon having done as before di- 
 redled, you perceive the Knots and 
 little Tumours to ripen well, then 
 you need do nothing but give the 
 Horfe twice a Day half an Ounce of 
 Venice Treacle or Mtthridate, or an 
 Ounce of London Treacle in a Pint 
 of warm Ale or White-vp'me every 
 Day till all the Matter is difcharged. 
 
 Or if the Knots and little Tu- 
 mours do terminate in dry, horny 
 Exxrefccnces like V^ax, you may re- 
 peat the laft directed after the worft 
 Symptoms a'C over, v/hich are the* 
 Swelling and Inflammation about the 
 Roots, only every other Day ; and 
 when the Excrciccnces begin to fall 
 off in drelTing the Horfe, or that they 
 may be pick'd off with your Nails, 
 without hurting the Horfe, then you 
 may forbear applying any more Me- 
 dicines, and nnilh the Cure by gi- 
 ving him due Exercifc. 
 
 But when the Obflruftions have 
 been of long (landing, and that in 
 all thofe Parts where the Difremper 
 is feated, there is an ill Difpofition, 
 and the Sores and Ulcers begin to 
 have a bad Tendency ; then you muft 
 have recourfe to the Medicines that 
 are endued with the Qualities above- 
 mentioned. 
 
 In the firfl place I (hall mention 
 fuch as are the moft limple and eaf/ 
 to be had. 
 
 There have been many Inflances, 
 that Antimony given to a Horle in his 
 Corn, has cured the Farcin^ the' it 
 has not always fucceeded. 
 
 But fometimes the unfaccefsful- 
 nefs of it, may have proceeded ra- 
 ther from the Fault of the Keeper of 
 the Horfe than the Medicine, who 
 ought while the Horfe is under a 
 Courfe o? Antimony, give him daily 
 both moderate Feeding and moderate 
 Exercife. 
 
 The Dofe o'^' Antimony to be gi- 
 ven a Horfe for tlie Farcin fhould be 
 two Ounces mixed with his Oats, 
 and about an Hour after he fliould 
 be wa'k'd abroad for an Hour or 
 an Hour and half, and when he is 
 brought into the Stable, he fl^ould 
 be well rubb'd j but the Comb mufl 
 be fparingly us'd, leH: it wrankle the 
 Sores j after the Horfe has been 
 drefs'd, he fhould be clothed mode- 
 rately warm. 
 
 If the Ajjtimory fhall open the 
 Horfj's Belly, it wf;l then loie. much 
 of its Virtue, and the Horfe will be- 
 come wcaki if you find it fo, you 
 may give it in Balls made of Vetiice 
 Treacle or London Treacle, brought to 
 a fit confiflency v/ith a fmall' quan- 
 tity of Floury after this manner you 
 may continue to give it till the 
 Loofenefs abates. 
 
 If the Weather be frofly, you fhould 
 fometimes warm the Water and /Irew 
 it with Oatmeal ; or you may fet it 
 for fome time before the Firej for 
 if the Water be exceffive cold, it will 
 be apt to chill the Horfe's Body, 
 which during the Operation of the 
 Antimony is kept in a more than or- 
 dinary Heat. But Antimony may be 
 given with more advantage in the 
 manner following : 
 
 ' Take a Pound of crude Antimo- 
 
 * ny, half a Pound of ^uichjilver, a. 
 
 * quarter of a Pound of Flour of 
 
 * Brimjione ; rub them in an Iron 
 ' Mnrtar for two or three Hours, till 
 ' they are reduc'd to an impalpable 
 
 * black Powder ; then take twelve 
 ' Ounces of the Rafpings ofGuaia- 
 
 * cfrm Wood, Zedoary and Galangal, 
 
 * of 
 
F A 
 
 C 1 
 
 ' of each a quarter of a Pounds Bay- 
 
 * berries, Jr.n'tper-herrie':, Carraway- 
 
 * fee^li and Coriander -feeds, of each 
 
 * tvv^o Ounces : Reduce them to a 
 
 * fine Powder, and mix them in the 
 
 * Mortar with the black Powder. 
 
 Take two Ounces of this Pow- 
 der, and make ic up inro a Ball or 
 Pafre, with as much Honey as is fuf- 
 ficient, and give \z the Horfe every 
 Day, and ft will efeft the Cure; al- 
 tho' the Farcin be the mofl: invete- 
 rate, unlcls the Horfe be broken win- 
 ded, or has fome other inward Im- 
 perfedlion, or any unufual Accident 
 Ihould hnppen. 
 
 You may alio give the following 
 Drink for the Farcin, from which 
 you may expe£l good Succefs -, but 
 then it muH: be continued a coniider- 
 able timei for it is not one or two 
 Dofes that will be fafficient. 
 
 • Take of Guaiacum Wood half a 
 
 * Pound, Sa[fafras and Box Wood, of 
 
 * each a quarter of a Pounds the Bark 
 ' of V/alnut-treey and the Roots oF 
 
 * fnarp pointed Doch, of each two 
 
 * Ounces; rafp the Woods and Bark, 
 
 * a Quart of Hog-lice, tye them in a 
 
 * hnen Bag. Put all thefe Ingredients 
 
 * into three Gallons of nero Wort, and 
 
 * alfo two Ounces of flic'd Liquo- 
 
 * rice--, let them work together, arid 
 
 * when it has done working, give 
 
 * the Hor/e every Morning a Quart 
 ' of this Liquor, and towards the E- 
 
 * vening another Quart or oftener. 
 
 Solleyfell recommends the follow- 
 ing Medicine : Take Guaiacum, Saf- 
 fafras and Sarfaparilla, of each two 
 Ounces finely powdered. This is to 
 make three Dofes, and, he fays, is 
 a Specifick, which by a continued 
 ufe infallibly cures the Farcin. This 
 is to be given in a Quart of White- 
 Tvine, and let him (land bridled till 
 Noon, then give him moifl:enedi?r^» 
 and Hay, and fuffer him not to eat 
 or drink after two a-ciock; then let 
 him ftand bridled till fix the next 
 
 97 ) FA 
 
 Morning, and then give him another 
 Dofe, and fo for three Dofes, keeping 
 him bridled for lixtcen Hours before 
 taking each Dofe, and fix after, al- 
 lowing him bur two for eatin^. He 
 alfb recommends the Roots of Solo- 
 moris-6eal, ivbite Mullein, and the 
 ^ueen of the Meadovps for the fame 
 purpofe. 
 
 ' Take Native Cir.nabar half a 
 ' Pound, Gum Guaiacam a quarter 
 ' of a Pound, (inflead of which, it 
 ' the Horfe be of fmall Value, the 
 
 ♦ fame quantity of Guaiacmn Wood 
 ' rafp'd may ierve) Zedoary and G/»- 
 ' Ungal, of each an Ounce, Diapho- 
 ' retick Anti7nony two Ounces; re- 
 
 * duce thele into a fine Powder, and 
 ' put it up in a Gallipot, and keep it 
 ' clofe covered. 
 
 You may give a Horfe two Oun- 
 ces of this Powder, fometimes in 
 Mithridate, fometimes in Venice Trea- 
 cle, and fometimes in Ho-ney made 
 into a ftifF Pafle, and in the form of 
 a Ball putting it down his Throat; 
 repeat this every Day. You have no 
 need to keep the Horfe from feeding* 
 for it ought to digeft wi:h his Food, 
 and if he would gather it up clean, 
 might be given him with his Oats. 
 
 Solleyfell fays, when rhe Farcin is 
 inveterate or of long continuance thq 
 Blood being utterly corrupted by the 
 Poifon that is lodg'd in it, acquires 
 fo virulent an Acrimony, that it ul- 
 cerates the Lungs or the Liver, by its 
 exceffive Heat and Malignity : For 
 when the Blood returns from the 
 Brain, according to the ellablifhed 
 Laws of its Circulation, to the n>ht 
 Ventricle of the Heart, it pafTes from 
 thence by the Vena Arteriofa to the 
 Lungs, which confiding of a fpungy, 
 foul and moift Subffance, are heated 
 by the fharp Spirits conrain'd in the 
 deprav'd Blood. 
 
 This preternatural Heat caufes a 
 
 Corruption of the weakeff Parts, and 
 
 afterwards an Ulcer, which at laft 
 
 O 3 con- 
 
F A 
 
 ( 19B ) 
 
 F A 
 
 confumes the whole Subdance ot the 
 Lungs. This yoa may eanly be con- 
 vinc'd of by opening the Body of an 
 Horle that has 6y'd of an inveterate 
 Tarcin, whofe Lungs you will find 
 wholly putrefy'd and full of Ulcer?, 
 caused by the hot and corrupt Blood, 
 which alio vitiates and ulcerates the 
 Liver. 
 
 From whence it appears, that the 
 Cure depends chiefly upon the cool- 
 ing oF the Blood, and the utter De- 
 ftrudion of that Poifcn that caufcs 
 the Farci/2, and all its loaihfom Symp- 
 toms. 
 
 The moft dangerous and ftubborn 
 Tarc'my he iays, 'is that which is ac- 
 companied wiih a running at the 
 Nofe, and as foon as you perceive 
 this Symiptom, you may conclude the 
 Horfe will die, cfpecially if the Horle 
 has Icfl: his Appetite, and the Matter 
 that rur.s cue is mixt with Blood j 
 unlcfs the running at the Noie pro- 
 ceeds from the Strangles, and even in 
 that Cafe the Difeafe is fatal. 
 
 The Cure \s very difficult, when 
 the Farcin firH: appears on the hinder 
 Legs near the Paitern, or on the Fet- 
 lock-Joint, and even in the Hough, 
 afcending along the Thigh ; for it is 
 a Sign of the violence of the Infecti- 
 on, and the Weaknefies of the natu- 
 ral Heat ; when the Farcin Knots 
 appear at fo great a dillance from the 
 Heart. 
 
 The Cure is alfb very difficult, 
 when the Knots cannot be brought 
 to a Suppuration, but thruft forth a 
 piece of red brounifli Flefli inftead 
 of Matter. V\^h!ch Flcfh grows very 
 faft, end cannot be extirpated, either 
 by burning or cauftick Ointments. 
 
 F.%rc'ms that are brought from the 
 Cramp are very rarely cured, becaule 
 the Blood is wh' lly corrupted by vio- 
 lent or unfc'afonabie Exerciies, and by 
 the Dcfed or Excefs of Nourifl-;merit, 
 which alfo is very often unwhol- 
 ibnie. 
 
 The Farcin in the Head is the lead 
 dangerous and the moft: calily cured 
 of all other kinds, unlefs when there 
 is a Knot or Kernel bctv/een the two 
 Jaw-bones, which is ufually nou- 
 rilhed by a certain phlegmatick Mat- 
 ter that comes from rhe Lungs thro* 
 the Wind -pipe; for thcfe Kernels can 
 hardly be diflblvcd in lels than three 
 or four Months, and in the mean 
 timiC the Horle is in danger of faliing 
 into the Glanders. 
 
 It may be concluded that the Cure 
 will be difficult, when the Thighs 
 are much fwollen, and when there 
 are hard Knots on the Shearh, or 
 when the Swellings break, and infiead 
 of Matter, puts forth apiece of black- 
 ifli Flefh like a Hen's Fundament. 
 
 But the Farcin that is the mofl: 
 dangerous, and fcarceiy curable, is 
 when the Horfe is naturally of a 
 fqueamiHi and tender Stomach; be- 
 caule then the Remedies necellary for 
 a Cure cannot be given him, with- 
 out deftroying his Appetite. 
 
 When the Knot that appears firll 
 is healed, the Horle is comimonly in 
 a fair way for Recovery ; akho' at 
 the fame time there fliculd be feve- 
 ral ether Knots in his Body ; but this 
 is not an infallible Rule. There is a 
 fort of Farcin that" the Italians call 
 tlie V£r?ne, becaule it feems to gnaw 
 and bite between the Flelli and the 
 Skin, as Worms gnaw the Bark of a 
 Tree. It may eafily be known by 
 the Knots and Cords that run along 
 the Veins, and fpread over the whole 
 Body. It may aifo be difcovered by 
 Tumours and Ulcers, and as foon as 
 an ulcerated Swelling is perceived in 
 the Emundories, which are Kernels 
 fituated between the Jaws and the 
 Neck, and on the Breaft and Thighs 
 near the Cods, and defign'd by Na- 
 ture to receive the Impurities of the 
 Body, and the Defluxions that tali 
 upon thofe Parts, it may be conclud- 
 ed, that the Horfe is troubled wirh 
 • the 
 
F A 
 
 ( r 
 
 the Tarcin, which is more or Icfs 
 dangerous according to the degrees 
 of the Uxeration, and the fticldng 
 oF the Kernels in the Flefh : For it 
 it be feared only in the Subftance of 
 the Hide, and may be eauly mov'd 
 with the Fingers, it may be pretty 
 eafily cured, before it breaks the Skin. 
 
 In the Cure of the Farcin, one oF 
 the mofl: promilmg Signs of a fpeedy 
 Recovery, is when the Cords or Knots 
 grow loofe and moveable ,■ for then 
 the Difeafe may be cured with a 
 moderate Care. 
 
 Solleyfe'l fays, that Horfes which are 
 troubled with the Farcin, are ufually 
 brisk and lively, they eat and drink 
 as when they were in Health, and do 
 not difcover the leafl: Signs of Sick- 
 nefs by their A«£fions 3 are as capable 
 of enduring Labour a? ever, and e- 
 ven moderate Exercife promotes the 
 Cure, by diflfipating and expelling part 
 of the Humours that cauies the DiP 
 eafe. 
 
 Whereas fbme reckon up feven or 
 eight forts of Fsircln, he diuinguifhes 
 it into four kinds, to which all the 
 refl are reducible. 
 
 1. The flying Farcin, v/hich is 
 knov/n by certain Knots that are 
 fpread over the whole Body, and ap- 
 pear fometimes in one place, and 
 Ibraetimes in another, like Corns in 
 Men. It is cali'd the flying Farcin, 
 becaufe it quickly over-runs rhofe 
 Parts that did not feem to be infed- 
 ed before. This kind is eafily cur'd, 
 becaufe it has not a fixe Seat or Root 
 in the Emundories. 
 
 2. The corded Farcin. This kind 
 or degree of the Diflemper, is at- 
 tended with hard Swellings like the 
 Ropes or Strings which run between 
 the Flelli and Skin along the Veins, 
 efpecially the Veins of the Thighs, 
 Neck, Brisket, and all along the Bel- 
 ly. Thefe Cords are befet with Tu- 
 mours or Knots, which break forth 
 into Ulcersjand evacuate Matter, and 
 
 99 ) F A 
 
 the Colour of the Lips of them, dif- 
 fers according to the variety of the 
 corrupted flumours. 
 
 If the Blood predominate, they are 
 red, if it degenerates into Choler, by 
 the reafon ot the Liver being defi- 
 cient in feparating the Bile from the 
 Mafs of Humours, they look yellorst. 
 
 If Phlegm abound, they are vpbite, 
 and if there be a Redundancy of 
 burnt, black, and melancholick Hu- 
 mours, they are of a blackifh Co- 
 lour, which is the moft dangerous of 
 all the four Cafes. 
 
 5. The F.ircin that refcmbles a 
 Hen's Fundament, is a very dange- 
 rous kind of Farcin, and h:ird to be 
 cured. It is known by great Tu- 
 m.ours and Bunches that breaks the 
 Skin, without voiding any Matter. 
 The Lips of the Uicer are in a man- 
 ner always callous and foul, and of 
 a reddifli black Colour, which is a 
 token of burnt and melancholick 
 Blood. 
 
 4. The internal Farcin. In this 
 kind the Knots are fcatcd between 
 the Flefli and the Skin, without ha- 
 ving any vifible and external Swel- 
 ling; they are like Corns, and taflen 
 the Flefh to the Skin. If the Cure 
 be not timely begun, the Diieafewill 
 enter the Body, infccl the inward 
 Parts, and kill ti^e Horfe. Sometimes 
 the Knots are faflened to the infide 
 of the Skin only, and are not rooted 
 in the Flefh-, they appear commonly 
 on the fore-part of the Breafl, anci 
 are very eafily cuv'd. 
 
 The Cure.] There is nothing that 
 promotes the Cure m.cre eafily than 
 bleeding in the beginning of the Dif- 
 eafe; for it prevents the Blood from 
 being corrupted, by facilitating and 
 quickening its Circulation, and gives 
 Nature an Opportunity to produce 
 better Blood in the room of that 
 which is taken away; but this muft 
 be taken away in a moderate quan- 
 tity. 
 
 O 4. Sweat- 
 
F A 
 
 ( 2CO ) 
 
 F A 
 
 Sweating alone would be fufficient 
 topurifie the Biood; but the bcTt Su- 
 dorihcks arc not ftrong enough to 
 procure fuch a pleniitul Evacuation 
 as v/ould be nccefiary to cure this 
 Diftemper in a Horfe. 
 
 After a Horfe has been let blood, 
 whatever JVlethods you intend to pur- 
 fue, you may it you pleafe make 
 uie of a Purge, to prepare the Body 
 of rhe horle, and open the Obftruc- 
 tions, and ^he Medicines that are 
 hereafter prefcrib'd will purify the 
 Bloud more effeclually, tho' after all 
 Puigation is not abfolutclv necefiary. 
 
 The two toDcwing Purges are of 
 very good uie in this Cafe, and Sol- 
 leyfill fays, he ha cured fevcral Hor- 
 fes of a lefs malignant kind of Far- 
 cin, with a Dole of one of thofe 
 Medicines. 
 
 ^ A Turge. 
 
 * Take oi clear or Sticcotrhie Alces 
 
 * an Ounce and half. Jalap Roots 
 
 * and Mercurtta dulc'ts, of each half 
 
 * an Ounce j of old Treacle the like 
 
 * quantity i beat the hard Ingredients 
 
 * to Powder, and when you make 
 
 * uf of the Medicine, mix it with a 
 
 * Quart of /^^i/?f, putting in the -r4/c5ei 
 
 < juil before rhe Medicine is admi- 
 
 * niftred, or otherwile it will imme- 
 
 * diately grow hard and fink to the 
 ' bottom.. Then give the Horfe half 
 
 * a Pint of Wtne in the finie Horn 
 
 * rinfpg ir. Keep the Horfe faft- 
 
 < ing five Hours befoie and fix Hours 
 
 * after it, and give him nothing to 
 
 * eat all that Day and the Day after 
 
 < but moidened Br ^71, nor muft he 
 
 * cat any Hay the Day before, nor 
 
 * as long as the Purgation continues. 
 
 pills for the ¥a,rcm. 
 
 * Take Sena Leaves, and Roots of 
 
 * HerrTJodaciyls of each an Ounce j 
 
 * fine Sc-iJnmony four Drams, Agaric 
 ' three Drams, Cmnabar an Ounce, 
 
 * Tenml[eed2.x\di Gm£er,ot ezch two 
 
 * Scruples; Cinnamon and Cloves, of 
 
 * each a Dram i reduce all thefe In- 
 
 ' gredients to a grofs Powder, make 
 
 * them up incoPiils with two Pound 
 ' o^ 'i\t^ Hog's -lard-; and obferve the 
 
 * famiC Diredions as were prefcribed 
 
 * for the foregoing Remedy. 
 
 After the Horfe has been bled and 
 purged, there will be no occalion 
 for any more inward Remedies, only 
 when the Knots are ripened, they 
 mufl: he opened to give a Paifage to 
 the Matter; and if, inftcad of drying 
 up, the Lips continue to be fwell'd, 
 Hrew fine Realgar Powder upon them 
 once. 
 
 After nine Days the Scab will fall 
 off, and leave the Sore fair and clean, 
 which may afterwards be drv'd up 
 with the Powder of the Caput tr<or- 
 tUH?n, that remains after the Diftilla- 
 lation of Spirit of Vitriol. 
 
 Give the Horfe every Day an 
 Ounce of the Root of the hundred 
 headed Thifile powdered, or two 
 Ounces of the green Root in moif- 
 tened Bran. This Plant muft be ga- 
 thered in the Spring, when it begins 
 to flioot,dry it in the fliade, and beat 
 it to Powder. The Root of the 
 J^ucen of the Meadoros gathered at 
 the fame time, and given in the fame 
 quantity, is no lefs eflFeftual ; for 
 thefe two Roots are the true fpecifick 
 Remedies ot the Farcin. 
 
 A fpecifick Remedy for the Farcin. 
 
 * Let the Horfe be fed with moif- 
 
 * tened Bran inflead of Oats ; bleed 
 
 * him, and if you think it necefiary, 
 ' give him a Purge; then two Days 
 ' afrer, give him three Dofes of Cin- 
 ' nai>ar Pills, a Dole every two Days: 
 
 * Make him cat an Ounce of the 
 
 * Root of Tvhite Mullein, J^een of 
 ' the Meadows, or hundred headed 
 
 * Thifile, once every Day in moif- 
 
 * tened Bran ; when the Knots break, 
 
 * draw out the Matter, and afterwards 
 
 * dry up the Sores with Powders. 
 
 Another eafy Remedy. 
 ' Let the Horfe be blooded plen- 
 
 * tifuily, and give, him every Mor- 
 
 * ning 
 
F A 
 
 ( 201 ) 
 
 F A 
 
 * ntng three Pints of Emetick Wine 
 ' or Be-^r till he is found, making 
 ' him fafl: tv/o Hours before and af- 
 ' ter. The Horfe muft eat nothing 
 
 * but Brany and may be ridden mo- 
 
 * derately wher. the Knots break, 
 
 * ftrew them with Powder of fubl't- 
 
 * mate^ Hellebore Roocs, or apply a 
 « Cauflick. 
 
 If the Horfe's Legs are fvvelied, 
 you mav chafe Yhem with the fol- 
 lowing ForiHgal Ointment. 
 
 To cure the Farcin by giving the 
 lire. 
 
 In the beginning of the Difeafe, 
 furround the Knots with a Line 
 drawn with a hot Iron, without 
 piercing the Skin, which frequently 
 puts a ftop to the Farcin. 
 . When thofc Knots that are capa- 
 ble of Suppuration appear to be full 
 of Matter, open them with a red 
 hot Iron, wherever they are feated ; 
 altho' it be on the Hough or Mafter 
 Sinew of the Fore-leg. The opening 
 Oi the Tumour prevents thofe Dif- 
 orders that might have been occa- 
 fioned, if the Matter had been re- 
 tain'd longer 5 and if you put in your 
 Inftrument no farther, than till it 
 reach the Matter, you will never do 
 the leaft Injury to the Part, but on- 
 ly aflifl: Nature to expel what of- 
 fends her. 
 
 When you have furrounded and 
 ftopp'd the Cords and Knots with 
 the Rales of Fire, open a Vein, and 
 take away a good quantity of Blood, 
 and give the Hor.'e a Purge mixed 
 with Mercurius clulcis or Cinnabar. 
 
 If new Knots appear afterwards, 
 let them ripen, and if they will not 
 come to a Suppuration of themfelves, 
 burn them with a red hot Iron. 
 
 When the Scab falls off, if new 
 pieces of Flefh like Mufhrooms fpring 
 up, it is a Sign that the Difeale is 
 dangerous, and that the Cure will be 
 difficult, and the Fleili muft be con- 
 fumed either with a repeated Appli- 
 
 cation of the red hot Iron, or of one 
 of the following Caufticks. 
 
 When the Knots or Swellings that 
 come to a Suppuration have been 
 burnt, and the Scab is fallen off, wafh 
 them every Day with Urine, and drefs 
 them with the Portugal Ointment. 
 (See it in Letter P.) 
 
 Having cleans'd the Sores and wafh'd 
 them v/ith the fecond Water or hot 
 Urine, if you think fit, anoint them 
 every Day with a Pencil made of 
 Hog's Briftles dipt in the Ointment, 
 till they are dried up. 
 
 Many Horles have been cured by 
 this Ointment without giving the 
 Fire, or ufing any other Remedy but 
 bleeding. Bleeding is ufeful in the 
 beginning and end, but not in the 
 middle of the Cure. If fome of the 
 Knots are fituated where you cannot 
 fafely give the Fire, you may apply 
 Caufticks, which will produce the 
 fame EfFed:. 
 
 A Cautery or Cauflick for the Farcin. 
 
 ' Mix Powder of Sublimate with 
 
 * Spirit of IVine, and apply it to the 
 
 * Part, where you would raife an Ef- 
 
 * car : Four or five Days after, a- 
 ' noint it with Bafilicum, to haften 
 
 * the falling away of the Efcar. 
 
 Another. 
 * Take Corrojive Sublimate and red 
 
 * Precipitate, of each an Ounce, Fer- 
 ' degrecfe and Vitriol, ef each two 
 ' Ounces; Powder o£ Cantharides zn 
 ^ Ounce, Arfenick two Ounces ; in- 
 ' corporate them with eight Ounces 
 
 * of Bajilicuin, or if you would have 
 
 * a gentler Cauftick with double the 
 
 * quantity of BafiUcum. 
 
 This Cauftick will burn the Part 
 to which it is apply'd in 24- Hours, 
 and the Scab or Efcar will fall off in 
 three or four Days. 
 For a Farcin that refembles a. Hen's 
 Fundament. 
 The Humour that foments this 
 'kind of the Diftemper, partakes £0 
 
 much 
 
FA ( 202 ) 
 
 much of Melancholy, that the Knots 
 are feldom or never brought to a 
 Suppuration 5 and put forth a fort of 
 foul proud Flefli, that can hardly be 
 extirpated by Remedies. 
 Tills. 
 ' Take Sena Leaves and Salt of 
 ' Tartar, of each an Ounce ; Alces, 
 
 * Turbith and Mercurim dulcis, of 
 
 * each half an Ounce, Nutmeg and 
 
 * Ginger, of each a Dram and a half, 
 
 * black Hellebore prepr.red 5 Drams, 
 
 * Annifeed and Fennel-feed, of each 
 
 * half a Dram, Rhubarb two Dramsj 
 
 * reduce the Ingredients to a grofs 
 
 * Powder, and make them into Pills 
 
 * with a Pound offi-eflj Butter. Keep 
 
 * the Horfe upon the "Bridle 6 Hours 
 « before and after; when he has ta- 
 
 * ken the Pilis, cover him, and walk 
 
 * him gently for half an Hour. The 
 
 * Horfe muff be bled the Day before 
 
 * the Pills are given him. 
 
 For an inveterate Farcin. 
 
 An inveterate Farcin is one that is 
 of long ffanding, and deeply rooted, 
 the Cure of which is very difficult, 
 and if the Subftance of the Liver and 
 Lungs is wafted and corrupted im- 
 practicable j but as it is fcarcely to be 
 perceived, whether thofc Parts are fb 
 affeded or not ; you may firfl try 
 this Experiment. 
 
 Spread two Ounces of Ajfa foatida 
 on a Stick, and wrap a Cloth about 
 it, put it into the Horfe's Mouth, 
 and make him champ upon it for 24 
 Hours, without being flilTer'd to ear 
 or drink all the while. 
 
 This will draw out a great quan- 
 tity of filthy Humours, if the Lungs 
 be not con fumed, or the Liver ulce- 
 rated, and perhaps the Horfe will re- 
 cover. 
 
 The Decodions of Guaiacum, Saf- 
 fafras, Sarfaparilla and China Root 
 are very proper in this Cafe, and may 
 be given every Morning for 7 or 8 
 Days before Purgation. 
 
 F A 
 
 If the Body of the Horfe be full 
 of raw, tough and vifcous Humours, 
 to which flclhy Horfes are very fub- 
 je6i: ; the Decodlion of Guaiacum 
 will cut, attenuare and prepare the 
 Humours for being expeil'd by Na- 
 ture, or evacuated by a purging Re- 
 medy. 
 
 If the Horfe be lean and dry, full 
 of hot and cholerick, or melancholy 
 Humours, the Decoflion of China 
 Roots will prepare them without aug- 
 menting their Heati for it may con- 
 veniently enough be given in a Con- 
 fumption, and ill habit of Body. 
 
 The Decodion of Sarfaparilla is 
 of a middle Quaiity between the two. 
 Decociion of Guniacum. 
 
 * Infnfe 10 Ounces of the Shavings 
 ' of Guaiacum in 9 Pints of Water 
 
 * for iz Hours, letting it (land on 
 ' hot A flies; then boil them in a co- 
 ' vered Vellel with a gentle Heat, 
 
 * till a third part is wafled, ftrain it, 
 
 * and give the Horfe a Qiiart a Day 
 
 * for 8 Days, keeping him upon the 
 ' Bridle for 3 Hours before, and 5 
 ' Hours after, you may afterwards 
 
 * give him a Purple. 
 FARRIER'S POUCH. 
 
 A Leathern Bag, in which a Far- 
 rier carries Drivers, Nippers, Shoes, 
 for all forts of Feet, Nails, and what 
 is proper for fl^oing a Horfe. 
 FAT. 
 
 Fat is an oily and fulphureous part 
 of the Blood, depofited in the Cells 
 of the Membrana adipofa, from the 
 innumerable little Veffels which are 
 fpread among them. 
 
 The Fat is to be found immediate- 
 ly under the Skin in all the Parts of 
 the Body, except the Forehead, Eye- 
 lids, Lips, upper part of the Ear, Yard 
 and Scrotum. 
 
 In fome the Veficles of the Mem- 
 brana adipofa are fo full, that the 
 Fat is an Inch or more thick ; and in 
 others they are almofl fiat containing 
 little or no Fat. 
 
 There 
 
F A 
 
 C ^^3 ) 
 
 F A 
 
 There are two forts of Fat, the one 
 white, and the other yellow, fbtt and 
 Jax, which is eaiily melted, call'd Pin- 
 guedo; another white, nrm, brittle, 
 which is not ib ealily melted, cali'd 
 Suet or Tallovs>. 
 
 Some reckon the Marrow oF the 
 Bones for a third part of Fat. 
 
 Dr. Grevp is ci Opinion, that the 
 Fat of Animals is a curdling or coa- 
 gulating of the oily Parts of the Blood, 
 either by fome or' its own faline Parts, 
 or by the nitrous Parts of the Air 
 mingled with it : Whence it \s, that 
 feme Animals, as Rabbets and Field 
 Hares 5;row fat in frofty Weather j 
 the oiiy Parts of the Blood being then 
 ordinarily coagulated with a greater 
 abundance of nitrous Salts, received 
 from the Air into their Bodies : And 
 for the fame reafon it is, that the 
 Fat of Animals is hard j whereas that 
 of Fin-ies is foft, and runs all to Oilj 
 becaule the Water in which they live, 
 has but few nitrous Parts in it, in 
 comparifbn of the Air. This Opinion 
 he fupports by many Experiments. 
 
 The Fat that lies between the flefliy 
 Pannicle and the common Membrane 
 of the Mufcles is diftinguiflied from 
 that which covers the Caul, by its 
 oilinefs, and is iaid to be generated 
 of the more unduous parts of the 
 Blood, working thro' the Veffels, and 
 dctsin'd there by the clofenefs of the 
 fiid Pannicle. It is not one continued 
 covering in Horfes, as it is in Bul- 
 locks and fbme other Animals; but 
 chiefly fills up the Inrerftices of the 
 Mufcles externally, and is not only a 
 Defence as the other Teguments, but 
 fervcs to make a Horfe look plump, 
 ftnooth and beautiful. 
 
 To fnake a km Horfe fat. 
 
 If the Horfe wants bleeding, firfl: 
 bleed him, and give him Wheat-Bran 
 in the Morning inftead of Oats; let 
 the Bran be prepared as follows : Set 
 a Kettle of Water over the Fire, make 
 
 it boil, then put in the Bran, and let 
 it boil for at leail a qurter of an 
 Hour, let it fliand and cool, and early 
 in the Morning gi\e him this Bran 
 as hot as he can eat it, and let his 
 Drink be the fame Wa er, and at 
 Night give him Oats and white Wa- 
 ter; litter him well, cover him warm j 
 but the Stable ought not to be kept 
 too hot in Summer-timie. When you 
 give him his Oats at Night, give him 
 an Eggl>,ell full of the following 
 Powder tor 8 Days, or as you fhall 
 fee occafion. The Bran being prepared, 
 dries up the bad, grofs and corrupt 
 Humours, and prepares the Body the 
 better to affume Luft, Strength and 
 Flefli, being affilled with the follow- 
 ing Powder. 
 
 The Foicder. 
 
 * Take Cumminy Temtgreek, Sileris 
 
 * Montani, Cloves, Gm^er, Nut?negs 
 ' and Linfeedsy of each four Ounces,- 
 
 * quick Brimflon? twelve Ounces, re- 
 
 * duce them all to Powder, and give 
 
 * the Horfe the quantity of an Egg- 
 
 * fhell with his Oats every Night j 
 
 * but firft let him be watered with 
 ' white Water. White Water is two 
 ' or three Ilancifuls of Bran ftirred a- 
 
 * mong his Water; then rub him,lit- 
 
 * ter him, and clothe him well, and 
 
 * give him clean Wheat-rtiaw in his 
 ' Rack, to feed on for an Hour, and 
 
 * afterwards give him hisO^ts mixed 
 
 * with this Powder. When he has 
 
 * eaten them, give him Hay; keep 
 ' him moderately warm, and you 
 ' will perceive him mend apace; but 
 
 * you muft alfo put two Handiuls of 
 
 * Nettlefeeds in'o his Oats every time, 
 
 * for that will pijncipaliv cauie him 
 
 * to battle. It will be good to air 
 
 * him Morning and Evening ar. Hour 
 
 * after Sun-rifing, and an Hour be- 
 
 * fore Sun-iet, if the Weather be 
 
 * warm, and the Sun fhir.es. This 
 
 * Method will make a lean Horfe fat 
 
 * in 12 or I J Days, 
 
 Another, 
 
FA ( 204 ) 
 
 Another Receipt. 
 
 * Take dry'd Elecampane, Cummin, 
 AnnifeecIs^Turmerick, of each a quar- 
 ter of a Pound, and a Handful of 
 Croundfel ,• boil all thefe together in 
 two Gallons of Ale, with lix Heads 
 of Garlick well bruifed and picked, 
 then ftrain it, and give the Horfe a 
 Quart of it blood-warm in a Mor- 
 ning fafting, and ride him after it, 
 but not fo as to hear him j do this 
 for 4 Mornings together, and in a 
 little time turn him to Grafs, if the 
 Year be fbfonable, and he will fat- 
 ten apsce; but if the Time of the 
 Year will not permit to put him 
 to Grafs, then give him this Pow- 
 der among his Oats. 
 
 ' Tike Elecampane dry'd, znd Cum- 
 min in like quantities, beat and fcarce 
 them well, and give him half an 
 Ounce of this Powder well mixt 
 with his Provender for a Fortnight, 
 and you will find him thrive won- 
 derfully. If you give him alfo fea- 
 ■ fonable Airing, moderate Exercife, 
 Mafnes and white Water. 
 
 Things to fatten a Horfe in general. 
 
 * Colervorts fodden and mix'd with 
 Wheat-bran, and given infread of of a Horle's Body, and particularly 
 Provender; or Beans boiled in two between the Eyes. 
 
 F E 
 
 * When he is glutted with one 
 ' Meat give him another; give him 
 ' Bread; if he leaves his Bread, give 
 
 * him Malt, or any Grain that he will 
 '- eat with a good Appetite; or give 
 ' him half an Ounce of Brimjlone for 
 ' many Mornings together, finely 
 ' beaten with a ra^v Egg, and a Pen- 
 ' ny- weight of the Powder of Myrrh 
 
 ■ in a Quart of Ale. But the bed 
 ' thing to make him fat, and to caufe 
 ' him to keep it, is to give him for 
 
 ■ three Mornings together a Pint of 
 ' froeet Wme, and two Spoonfuls of 
 '- Vinegar mingled with it; this will 
 
 * remove all Infeftion and Sicknefs 
 
 * from the inward Parts. Then feed 
 
 * him with Provender atleafl: 4 times 
 
 * a Day, r/2:. after his Water in the 
 
 * Morning, after his Water at Noon, 
 
 * after his Water in the Evening, and 
 ' after his Water at 9 at Night. 
 
 FATIGUED, See TIRED. 
 FEATHER. 
 
 Feather upon a Horie is a fort of 
 natural frizzling of Hair, which in 
 fome Places rifes above the lying Hair, 
 and there makes a Figure reiembling 
 the tip of an Ear of Corn. 
 
 There are Feathers in feveral Parts 
 
 Gallons of Water, till they fwell or 
 burft, and mixt with a Peck of 
 Wheat-Bran, and given in the man- 
 ner of a Mafli, will fatten fuddcnly. 
 Farch'd IVheat, mingk'd with Ale 
 or Wheat-Bran mixed anicng his 
 Provender, or Buck-Wheat given 
 inftead of his Provender. In the 
 mean time the Horfe mufi: be kept 
 clean and well drefled, or elfe his 
 Meat will do him but little good, 
 and it v/ill be beft to give him but 
 a little Meat at a time, that you may 
 not clog him. Or, 
 ' You may give him Bay -berries. 
 Earth- Nhfs, Sage, Sarin ar.d Bears- 
 greafe mixed with a Quart of ^//;g 
 or Jile ; or feed him a Month toge- 
 ther with fcalded Bran. 
 
 Some are of Opinion, that when 
 the Feather is lower than the Eyes, it 
 is a Sign of a weak Sight ; but this 
 Remark is not always certain. 
 
 A Ro?nan Feather is a Feather up- 
 on a Horfe's Neck, being a Row of 
 Hair turned back and raifed, which 
 forms a Mark like the Blade of a 
 Sword julf by the Mane. 
 
 feVther-few. 
 
 Feather-few is good for a Cough, 
 and to cleanfe the Reins of the Blad- 
 der, and to expel the Stone of it. It 
 purges Phlegm and Choler, is good 
 for the Wind-Cholick, and performs 
 all that bitter things can do. 
 FEBRIFUGES. 
 
 Febrifuges are Medicines ferviceable 
 in or againfl a Fever. 
 
 FEED- 
 
F E 
 
 ( 205- ) 
 
 F E 
 
 FEEDING. 
 
 Solleyfell fiys, it is a regular Me- 
 thod ot' feeding Horfes at certain 
 Hours, and orderly drefiing that makes 
 Horfes fat and lufty, and not the great 
 abundance of Food nor Reft alone, 
 which preicrves them plump and 
 hearty. 
 
 Horfes which are lean, f^and in 
 need of a greater Allowance of Food, 
 than thofe that a long time hive 
 been plump and in good Cafe; but 
 when once they are accuflomed to 
 hard Meat, they may be maintained 
 with one half, nay with one third 
 part of that Meat, which they were 
 allow'd, provided that they work but 
 moderately. 
 
 The Allowance of Food for Horfes 
 of Manage, is lefs than for any other 
 Horfes whatfbever ; bccaufe they have 
 but a moderate Labour ; for tho' it 
 is violent, yet it is not of long con- 
 tinuance; and cannot properly be cal- 
 led a Labour, but rather an Exercife 
 for evacuating their bad Humours, 
 and to excite their Appetite. 
 
 I. Hay ccmmjonly fpoils Horfes 
 that eat too much of it, efpecially if 
 they be more than 6 Years old i but 
 if they be under that Age, it will do 
 them little harm to eat it moderate- 
 ly, if they be neither fat, or inclined 
 to become burthened with Flefh. 
 
 Horfes fliould not be fufiPered to 
 eat their Litter, for if it have ferved 
 but two Days, it both fpoils their 
 Wind, and makes them fweat much; 
 fo that if they are put to extraordi- 
 nary Labour, they will become purfy. 
 
 ^. New threfh'd Wheat-flraw is 
 better than Hay for an Horfe, that is 
 fat and does not labour or travel but 
 little , becaufe it preferves his Wind 
 better; and does not alter his Flank, 
 and alfo the Fat and Flefh which it ' 
 produces, is more firm, than of thofe 
 that are fed with Hay. 
 
 % . Horfes fliould never be fuffered 
 to drink too cold or too fharp Water; 
 
 becaufe fuch Water v/eakens their 
 Stomach, engenders Crudities, and 
 caufes Obflru6fions in the Liver : And 
 from that all Cholicks and Gripes 
 in the Belly do commonly proceed. 
 Cold and fharp Water hinders a lean 
 Horfe from growing fat, and if he 
 be fat, it will contribute to make 
 him lean. 
 
 IF there be any particular Meat, 
 Drink, or other Nourifhment that is 
 good for a Hone, if the Horfe refufe 
 it, it fhould not violently he thrufl 
 upon him, or he be crammed with 
 it; but he fhould be won thereto but 
 by gentle Degrees, and cunning En- 
 ticements, and length of Time ; by 
 tempting him when he is mofl hun- 
 gry, or m.ofi: thirfly, and if he get 
 but a Bit at a time, or a Sup at a 
 time, it will foon encreafe to a great- 
 er quantity; and always let a Horfe 
 have lefs than he defires. 
 
 And that he may the fboner be 
 brought to it, mix the Meat he loves 
 bed with that he loves worfl, till 
 both become alike familiar, and fb the 
 Horfe will be a Stranger to nothing 
 that is good and wholfome. 
 TO FEEL. 
 
 To feel a Horfe in the Hand, is to 
 obferve, that the Will of the Horfe 
 is in the Hand ; that he tafles the 
 Bridle, and has a good A^pui in obey- 
 ing the Bit. 
 
 To feel a Horfe upon the Haunches^ 
 is to obferve, that he plies or bends 
 them, which is contrary to leaning 
 or throwing upon the Shoulders. 
 FEET. 
 
 Solleyfell fays, that fbme Horfes ^^ 
 Feet will appear to be weak, when 
 they are really good, and the little 
 Horn that they have is tough, folid, 
 and capable to ferve : Others again 
 appear good, which are pained for 
 being too fat and full of Flefh. The 
 fureft way then is to chufe Feet of 
 a good Shape, and where there feems 
 to be nothing to be found fault with, 
 
 and 
 
F E ( 206 ) 
 
 and with the right Method of fhoing 
 thofe that are bad may be recovered, 
 and thofe that are good may be main- 
 tained in that Condition. 
 
 F E 
 
 Firft to begin with the Hoof, it 
 fliould be in form very near round, 
 and not longifb,efpecially towards the 
 Heel i for long Feet are worth no- 
 thing. The Horn fhould be tough 
 and folid, high, fmooth,and of a dark 
 Colour, and if polTible without any 
 Circles. 
 
 A Perfbn may know thofe Hoofs 
 that are brittle, when the Horfe by 
 often lofing his Shoes has fpoil'd his 
 Feet, by having many pieces broken 
 fii5m the Horn around his Foot, and 
 feveral Deficiences in it near the Shoe. 
 Brittle Hoofs fplit in the Places where 
 the Nails are rivetted, which fome- 
 times takes away the very Piece. 
 
 A bad Hoot may be known by 
 lifting up the Foot, and obferving 
 whether it has a Shoe forged on pur- 
 pofe for it, and that it is pierced ex- 
 traordinarily, and the Holes of itplac'd 
 in fuch Parts as is not very ufual, be- 
 caufe the Horfe had not Horn enough 
 to take hold in the ufual Places, where 
 the Nails are driven, fometimes Peo- 
 ple being obliged to pierce the Shoes 
 near to the Heel. 
 
 When a Foot is circled, and the 
 Circle does not make the Horfe halt, 
 yet it is a Sign that the Hoof is ei- 
 ther altered, or that the Quality of 
 the Horn is naught. 
 
 Thofe Horfes that have a thin Horn 
 are faid to have fat Feet, which is 
 rot to be known but by feeing the 
 Foot pared. Such Horfes halt and 
 mean their Feet a long time after 
 they are fliod, before they recover 
 Strength in them. 
 
 As to a Horfe's Foot it ought to 
 be minded, if he have not a Cleft in 
 It, which is called a falfe Quarter, 
 which is occafioned by a Horfe's caft- 
 ing his Quarter and getting a new 
 one •. For then the Horn beginning 
 
 to grow is uneven and ugly, and big* 
 ger and fofter than the reft ot the 
 Hoof. 
 
 Some Horfes have over-reaches or 
 calkin Treads upon the Coronet, which 
 in curing become hollow and grov'd ; 
 but then the hollow oF the Tread 
 defcends proportionably as the Hoof 
 groweth, and is vifible upon it; but 
 if there remain no Swelling upon 
 the Coronet, it does the Horfe little 
 or no prejudice. 
 
 Some Clefts are very dangerous, 
 for that when Farriers have fome- 
 times fired the Coronet, and have 
 burnt down a little upon the top of 
 the Horn, a Cleft or Groove is caufed 
 on the Hoof, which renders it ugly 
 and hard as long as the Hoof In (Is, 
 which is very prejudicial, becaufe it 
 commonly ftraitens and dries up the 
 Foot in that part. 
 
 You fliould lift up the Foot and 
 obferve it ; the Heel fliould be pretty 
 high, broad, large and open ; that is, 
 not be hoof-bound, which is being 
 being too narrow and ftrait. 
 
 You fhould likewife obferve, if the 
 Frog or Frufh be proportionable to 
 the Foot ; for if it be too little and 
 dry, it is a Fault ; and fo it is, if it 
 be too large and fat. 
 
 Moft Horfes that have low Heels, 
 have large and fat Frufhes, fo that 
 they cannot walk, but they touch the 
 Ground. 
 
 Confider alfo, if the Sole be flrcng 
 and the whole Foot hollow, and at 
 a pretty diflancc from the Shoe. It 
 is an excellent Sign in Coach- Horfes 
 to have hollow Feet ; but thofe that 
 fell Horfes have them made hollow 
 by the Smith, fo that it is difficult 
 to be known. 
 
 V/hen the Sole h higher than the 
 Hoof, and the whole Foot is quite 
 filled up upon the lower part, fe> that 
 inftead of the Foot being hollow, the 
 Sole is in a manner round and bilged, 
 they are then call'd Crown Soles. 
 
 Theff 
 
F E 
 
 ( -07 ) 
 
 F E 
 
 Thefe kind of Feet have always the 
 upper p:irt of them fram'd like an 
 Older Shell, that is, flat and ugly, 
 fach Horfes are fit for nothing but 
 the Plough. 
 
 There are other kind of Feet, 
 which are called weak, becaufe, tho* 
 their Heels be indifferent high, yet 
 they are but thin j that is, they have 
 but a fma'l thicknefs at the Point 
 of the Frufli, betwixt it and the 
 upper part of the Hoof, and tho' tlie 
 Sole be hollow, yet they have Co lit- 
 tle flrcngth in their Feet that they 
 eafily hair. You fliould alio examine 
 if a Horfe be ftrait heel'd or hoof- 
 bound. Hoof-binding is known when 
 the Heels do not take a high tour or 
 compafs, but ftraircn towards the 
 Cleft of the Frufh ; fb that there is 
 not above a Finger's breadth diftance, 
 upon each lide of the Cleft, and the 
 whole Heel is little more than two 
 Fingers broad ; whereas a Hor/e 
 fhould always have four at the Heel, 
 h{s or more according to the Hze of 
 the Horfe's Foot. 
 
 Some narrow-heel'd Horfes have 
 high Heels } but they are fo weak, 
 that by prefling the two fides of the 
 Heel one againfi the other, they yield 
 and move, which is a Sign of ten- 
 dernefs in the Foot. 
 
 Some Horfes have the back parts 
 of their Paderns next to the Heels, as 
 if they were pointed, and by that 
 means their Feet are too long, thofe 
 have commonly bad Feet, and are al- 
 moft always hoof-bound. 
 
 Hories that are hoof-bound are fub- 
 je6i: to have Clefts in their Quarters j 
 this proceeds from the drinefs of the 
 Foot. Thefe are known by looking 
 to the Quarters of the Hoofs upon 
 the infide, which will be found clo- 
 ven from the Coronet to the Shoe, 
 quite thorough the Horn, and fuch 
 Quarters are almoft always ftraitened. 
 Cloven Quarters are always a Token 
 of a dry Foot, and of a bad Tempe- 
 rature. 
 
 Sometimes the Horn of the Hind- 
 feet cleaves juft in the middle of the 
 fore-part of the Hoof, from the Co- 
 ronet to the Shoe. This is an Im- 
 pertc£lion that is very troublefome, 
 and fometimes makes the Horfe to 
 halt. They are cali'd Ox-feet. 
 
 It h a great Imperfeftion on the 
 one hand to have Feet too large op 
 far, and on the other hand to have 
 them too little. Thofe Horfes that 
 have them too big and large, are for 
 the moft part very heavy, and but 
 rarely light. 
 
 When a Hoof is higher on the 
 outfide than the infide, it will make 
 a Horfe interfere, and when it is 
 higher on the infide, it will make a 
 Horfe flraddle, fo that a fair fmooth 
 Table is the mofl: agreeable. 
 FENNEL. 
 
 Fennel is very penetrating, and good 
 in ail Cholicks and Difbrders which 
 arife from Crudities; it is alfb diure- 
 tick, and thereby cleanfes the Kid- 
 neys, Ureters and Bladder. It is of 
 the fame nature with Annifeeds. 
 
 HOG'S-FENNEL. 
 Hog's-Fenyiel or Sot^ -Fennel is good 
 againft Wind in the Belly or Stomach, 
 is a gentle Loofener of the Belly, and 
 purges Phlegm or Choler. 
 
 FENNEL-GRANT. 
 Fennel-Grant is an Aftringent, and 
 good againfl: the Bloody Flux. 
 FERME A FERME. 
 Fer)ne a Ferme is a Word peculiar 
 to the Manage of Schools, fignifying 
 in the fame place, without flirring or 
 parting. This Term \s us'd. This 
 Horfe leaps upon Firmsi a, Firma, and 
 works well at Caprioles. 
 FERN. 
 Fern is of two kinds, Male or Fe- 
 male. The green Leaves are good to 
 purge the Belly of Cholerick Hu- 
 mours. The Roots are good to kill 
 Worms, an Ointment maide of them 
 bruis'd with Hog's-greafe, is good for 
 Wounds, 
 
F E ( 2c 
 
 Wounds, the Powder of the Roots 
 is good to dry up Moifture in ma- 
 lignant Ulcers. 
 
 WATER-FERN. 
 
 Water-Fern or Ofmond-Royal has 
 the fame Virtues with the Ferns be- 
 fore-mentioned ; but more efficacious. 
 They are good tor Wounds, Bruifes 
 or the like. The Decoftion of the 
 Root in Wine, provokes Urine, and 
 cleanfes the Bladder very effedlually. 
 FETLOCK. 
 
 Fetlock is a Tuft of Hair as big as 
 the Hair of the Mane, that grows 
 behind the Paftern-Joint of many 
 Horfes : Horfes of a low lize have 
 fcarce any fuch Tuft. 
 
 FEVERS. 
 
 That Horfes are troubled with Fe- 
 ters, and alfo of different kinds has 
 been found by conflant Obfervation. 
 
 Defcript'wn.'] Some defcribe a Fe- 
 ver to be an unnatural and immode- 
 rate Heat, which proceeds firlt from 
 the Heart, and difperfes it ielf not 
 only thro' all the Arteries i but even 
 the Veins of a Horfe's Body, and 
 thereby hinders all the Actions and 
 wholefom Motions of it. 
 
 Solleyfell fays, a Fever in a Horfe 
 is a preternatural and unufual Heat in 
 the Body, proceeding from an Ebul- 
 htion or violent Fermentation of the 
 Humours, which weakens the natural 
 Heat, and renders it unfit tor the re- 
 gular Difcharge of its Fund:ions. 
 
 He compares it to the Ebullition 
 of Wine in a Cask, where that Li- 
 quor is agitated, heated, dilated and 
 fermented ; and if it be flraitened or 
 have no Vent, it breaks impetuoufly 
 thro' all Obflacles, fpreads its Steams 
 and Vapours all around, and appears 
 £o troubled and muddy, that we can- 
 not difcern the leaft drop of Wine in 
 the Veffel. But after thefe diforderly 
 Motions, the Impurities that were 
 contained in the Wine are feparated, 
 the Lees fall to the bottom, and a 
 fort of Scum floats on the top, and 
 
 S ) F E 
 
 the concavity of the Vcflel is covered 
 with a crufty Subrtance. 
 
 So when an Ebullition or Fermen- 
 tation happens in the Mafs of the 
 Blood, let it proceed from what Caule 
 foever, the Blood is agitated, and put 
 into a diibrderly Morion, it ilvelis 
 and breaks out ot the Veflels that are 
 no longer able to contain it ^ it ac- 
 quires a Heat that is obvious to Senie, 
 and fills the whole Body with Steams 
 and Vapours, which llupify the Head •■, 
 and the mixture of it is fo extremely 
 perverted, that when a Vein is opened, 
 that which runs out feems to be cor- 
 rupt Matter rather than Blood. 
 
 When Nature overcomes the Dif^ 
 temper, fhe feparates and expels the 
 impure fuperfluous Humours : And 
 it is this Itruggle of Nature, that cau- 
 fes the burning Heat, extreme Thirll, 
 heavinefs of the Body, difficulty of 
 breathing, the extreme beating of the 
 Arteries and Heart, and all the nume- 
 rous Train of Symptoms that ufually 
 accompany Fevers. 
 
 Others diftinguifli Fevers into Jim- 
 pie and complicated. A fimple Fever 
 they fay, is only an increafe of the 
 velocity of the Blood j that is to fay, 
 it runs more fwiftly thro' all its 
 Channels than, is ufual but prelerves 
 an uniformity in its Motion. 
 
 A complicated Fever, befides the in- 
 creafe of motion in the Blood, has 
 feveral other Symptoms j and thefe 
 Difeafes which are the Concomitants 
 of fuch velocity in the Blood, do of- 
 ten caufe thofe Fevers in which the 
 motion of the Blood is not regularly 
 and uniformly augmented, but is dif. 
 orderly, admitting of divers Periods. 
 
 Befides this general Diftinftion of 
 Fevers into fuch as are [imple and 
 complicated^ the latter are alfo to be 
 divided into heclick Fevers^ putrid 
 Fevers^ and thofe that are call'd pejli- 
 lential Fevers, and laf^ly, fuch as are 
 intermitting, whether Quotidian, Ter- 
 tian or Quartern, 
 
 OF 
 
F E ( 2op ) 
 
 ? A SIMPLE CONTINUED F£- 
 VEil. 
 
 The Caufe. It niiy proceed from 
 divers Causes, as fiom xkVnz in very 
 hot an 1 dry V)^e,ifhei- ; for th? Blood 
 by that mems beini once pur into Mo- 
 tion, becoin:j> riiiefied, an 1 the out- 
 ward Ha conrribu es to keep up the 
 inward Ri'efail^ion. 
 
 2. Hories are fonnetiines affefted 
 with vw^ Fever by being turned cut 
 to G.afs in hot an.i dry Weather, in- 
 to fauU Inclo'u es, where they have 
 buc httie Air, and where they have 
 not Cvonvenient Shelter from the Heat 
 of the Sun. 
 
 3. Sometimes this kind of Fever 
 may b-^ c-mfed by a Horfe beinj; bled 
 in a hot Seafon, in the Heat of the 
 Sun without houfin^ them ; becaufe 
 during that Operation the Biood is 
 put into a "reacer Motion than it was 
 be ore, and that new M -tion is fur- 
 ther encreafed and kept up by the ad- 
 ditional Heat of the Wenther. 
 
 4. A Fever may be caufed by the 
 eatini» hot ^nd fp^rituous Herbs, or 
 any other Food which communicates 
 too great a Heat and Warmth to the 
 B ooH ; efpec;a!!v betoe he has been 
 accuftomed to Tuch Feeding. 
 
 5. Sucr» a Fever m.iy fouietimes be 
 cnufed by outward Cold hindring Per- 
 fpiration, efpeciaily wh°n its £(Ff(fts 
 are fudden ; kv,- in fuch a Ca"e the 
 Qaintirx of the BlooJ muft be enciea- 
 fe 1 fuddenlv, ^n\ an imirjediate and 
 fpeedy Rarefi£iion of tne Blood will 
 fo low i.. 
 
 The Sign< of a jimple Fever. The 
 Si^ns are violent Heat and a Fu'nefs 
 o^ t! e V.flTeh, which will be vfible 
 to the Eve j a Drynef; en the Rojf 
 of tne Mourh and Pah.te, and a 
 Rmgh nefs on the Toni>ue ; The 
 Heart and Fianks wiH beat without In- 
 termiTu n ; a continual W-.kffulnefs 
 an-i R-ftlefnefs, thai it the Horfe be 
 in ih Fi''!d he will be connnu illy mo- 
 ving from one Place to another \ he 
 
 F E 
 
 will go ofrfH to {he \V7afer and not 
 drink, wi 1 fmell at tie Gicun and 
 not feed. An.^ if he be in ihc Stable 
 he wi'i fhew the fame Si n^. and be 
 apt to iLike at any one thai comes 
 near him. 
 
 The C r\ A fimple F-ver is fO 
 be cured by only brin. ingj the Blood 
 to a more quiet and fedcue S^f% 
 which is to be at-empted in the fi.lt 
 place by bleeding, then by Clvfters, 
 and ah fuch Tl ings as will juft keep 
 the Body coo' and open. 
 
 If the Horfe be let Blood in the 
 Summer- time, W'h''e he is at graf^ he 
 ought to be houfed ; and the Cool of 
 the Morning is the beft time to per- 
 form it in : His feeding fliould be 
 moderate, and it wi'I be proper to 
 mix his Food wiih Vine-leaves, StraW" 
 berrieSy and So^^rel. and fuch like cool- 
 ing Things, As for his Dr;nk it will 
 be fo much the better if the fame 
 Th:n_s be boiled in his Water, and a 
 little Oameal fliew'd upon it ; and 
 alfo fometimes 2 or 3 Drams of Sal 
 Prunella^ or purfied N:tre, may be 
 difTolved in it, and his Water fhould 
 always be wa'-m. 
 
 As for the Heat and Drynefs in the 
 Mouth it will be very tood to mix 
 Vir.'egar or Verjuice with Water, as 
 much as will give k a grateful Sour- 
 nefs and R ^u^hnefs on the Palate, 
 and to f.veeten it w:ch a little Honey^ 
 to tie a Rag to a Stick, and to dip it 
 into this Liquor, and to rub his 
 Tongue and Roof gently with it. 
 
 Tins will very much refredi a feve- 
 rifh HorTe, and difpofe him to refl : 
 but if thofe Parts are become cruity 
 and very hard, you may ufe the Vi- 
 negar or Verjuice without the Water, 
 
 If the Horfe be coftive, give him 
 an emollient Clyf^cr ; but rake him 
 fi:ft, to brin^ out as much of the har- 
 dened Excrements as conveniently 
 may be. The Clyftsr may be as 
 follows ; 
 
 P Take 
 
F E 
 
 ( Jio ) 
 
 F E 
 
 * Take Mallow i and MarflhMal- 
 ' lows of each a large Handful, Ca- 
 
 < mojnile half a handful. Fennel- feeds 
 bruifed half an ounce ; boil thefe 
 
 * in 3 Quarts of "^arer till one third 
 ' part is wafted : Srrain the Decodi- 
 ' on and difiblve in it 5 ounces of 
 ' Lenitive Elefiuary, and a quarter 
 
 * of a Pound of Ho^s-Urd, Oil^ or 
 
 * Butter. Give this blood-warm, and 
 
 * hold his Tail clofe to his Funda- 
 ' ment. 
 
 If there be any S'gns of an Inflam- 
 mation in the Gu's, as it fometimes 
 is when the Fever is ftrong, the Ex- 
 crements very hard and black, and 
 the Horfe ftrains often to dun^, and 
 is in pain, then you may add an ounce 
 and half or two ounces of Sd Poly- 
 chrcfium, or an ounce of i^ream of 
 Tartar, and 2 Drams of Salt fare, 
 or Sal PrunelU •, thefe will both 
 allay the Heat, and make the Cly- 
 rter fomething more purgative. 
 
 Ycu may repeat this Clyfter once a 
 day, or at leaft till you perceive an 
 Abatement of the Fever, or the Horfe 
 becomes orderly in his Body. 
 
 If the Horfe be hard to v;ork up- 
 on, you may add a handful of com- 
 mon Salt, or 9 or 4 ounces of T;- 
 num Benedi^um, inftead of the Le- 
 nitive Electuary, Let the Pot es of 
 the Horfe be kept open by drefling ; 
 but no more than ufual. 
 
 SolUyfell direfts to take ^ Pounds 
 of Blood from the Neck-Vein, and 
 the fame Day to give him the follow- 
 ing CI) fter : 
 
 ' Boil 2 ounces of Sal Polychref- 
 
 * turn, and 2 handfuls of whole Bar- 
 1 /e'V in 3 quarts of VCater, and after 
 c they have had a Waulin or 2, add 
 ( Pellitcry of the Wall, Violet Leaves, 
 i Blites, and Mercury, of each 3 hand- 
 « fuls ; when they have boiled for the 
 ' fpace of half a quarter of an Hour 
 « fct it by till it is half cold, then (train 
 
 * it, and put in 5 ounces of Lenitive 
 
 < Ele^iiary^ and a quarter of a pound 
 
 = oi Oil of Rofes, and injed the Clyf- 
 ' ter lukewarm. 
 
 An Hour after he has voided the 
 Clyfter, tie a Chewing-Ball to his Bit, 
 and give him 2 ounces of Powder of 
 Liver of Antimony^ in a quart of Beer, 
 or a Ptifan, that may expel the Hu- 
 mours by Urine, without heating the 
 Body. 
 
 As for his Drink you may give him 
 4 ounces of Sal PrunelU in his Wa- 
 ter, and mix a little Flour in it. 
 
 As for his Food, give him little or 
 no Hay, and lefs Oats, and give him 
 Leaves of Succory y Dandelion, or Vine 
 Leaves^ for Hay and Oats heat the 
 Body, conftipate the Belly, and har- 
 den the Excrements. 
 
 If the Difeafe lafts above 3 Days, 
 take half an ounce of Ajfa fastida, 
 and as much Savin grofly beaten, an 
 ounce of Rafpings of Liquorice, and 
 as much Sugar, put them in a linen 
 Bag, and tie them to the Bit, and 
 make him champ upon it frequently. 
 
 This Medicine will purge the Brain, 
 and make him eat voluntarily, which 
 is the beft way of Feeding, and after- 
 wards you may give him Liver of An* 
 timony powdered, with moiftened 
 Bran, and that will infallibly reftore 
 his Appetite. 
 
 If his Averfion to Meat continues, 
 boil a pound and a quarter of Barley 
 Flour in 2 quarts of Water to a thick 
 Broth, fweeten Jt with 2 ounces of 
 Sugar, and o^ive it him lukewarm. 
 This will be fufficient for 24 Hour?, 
 and then ynu may repeat it. 
 
 If the Violence of the Diftemper 
 does not abate, then you may bleed 
 him a fccond Time, and continue the 
 Ufe of Clyfters, and rub his Body fre- 
 quently, which is very profitable in 
 thofe Cjfes. 
 
 OF A PUTRID FEVER. 
 Putrid Fevers, and all Fevers of a 
 complicated kind are more incident to 
 young Horfes, than thofe that are 
 paft their Prime. 
 
F E (21 
 
 The Cctufe. Some Authors afcribe 
 if to the unequal fluidity of the Blood 
 of young Animals, not being fuffici- 
 enrly comminuted by frequent Circu- 
 lations thro' the Lung.«:, and therefore 
 is the more apt, efpecially upon any 
 Chan e, to pu rify, or at leaft to put 
 on the Appearance of Putrefadion, 
 And alfo young Horfes having ftrong 
 and vigorous Appetites are apt to 
 over-gorge themfelves, and alfo with 
 unwhoiefom Food, which caufes Cru- 
 dities in the Stomach and firfl PalTa- 
 geSj whereby the Blood becomes con- 
 taminated. 
 
 Alfo fuch a Fever may be brought 
 on a Horfe by Cold taken abroad in 
 the Night, or in Weather that h fog- 
 gy and unwhoiefom (if he has been 
 ufed to warm and tender keeping) 
 which ftops the PafTages of Perfpira- 
 tion, efpecially where there is a grofs 
 Habit of Body. 
 
 The S'lgns, They are common 
 with all other Fevers, viz.. an inor- 
 dinate Hear, the Mouth will be clam- 
 my and parched, and the Flanks will 
 heave and beat j but then there is this 
 Difference between it and a fimple 
 Fever, that it is not resular, but is 
 fometimes more and fometimes lefs ; 
 and whereas in a (imple legitimate 
 Fever a Horfe is watchful and reftiefs, 
 he will in this, for the moft part, be 
 unaftive and dull, will hang his Head, 
 and take little or no notice of any one 
 that comes near him : His Body will 
 fh.ike and quiver, and if he offers to 
 walk he will reel and ftagger. 
 And this proceeds either from the 
 Want or CppreiTion of the Animal 
 Spirits. 
 
 The Cure, The Cure \s to be per- 
 formed after the fame manner as in a 
 continued Fever, by Bleeding, Purg- 
 ing, and Cjyflers, and fuch Things 
 fhould be acminifter'd as will attenu- 
 ate the Blood, and help to bring it to 
 a proper Texture for pafling the pro- 
 per Channels equally^ and to ihrow 
 
 I ) F E 
 
 off the morbifick matter by Secretions 
 
 agreeable to Nature. 
 
 And for this Purpofe all thofe 
 Things are proper as promote the Di(^ 
 charges by Sweat and [Trine, And 
 therefore you may diffolve Sal Prunel- 
 la or purified Nttre in his Water^ oc 
 ufe So/Z-^y/i-Z/'s Febrifuge, as follows; 
 
 * Take a brazen Pot with a Cover^' 
 
 * put into it a quart of Water, and 2 
 ' ounces of 5^/^ of Tartar, let it ftand 
 ' over the Fire till the Sale is difTolv^d, 
 ♦■ then pour out the Water into a Pail, 
 ' and after the fame manner diffolve 
 
 * in another quart of Water an ounce 
 ' of Sal Ammomack powdered, then 
 ' mix thefe two together, and fill the 
 ' Pail with common Water. If the 
 
 * Horfe refufe to drink it, qualify 
 
 * the unpleafant Tafte of it with a lit-? 
 ' tie B;irley Flour. 
 
 This will both allay the excefUve 
 Hear, and contribute to promote both 
 Sweat and Urine. 
 
 If there be Signs of Concod'on, 
 which you may difcover by the En^ 
 creafe of the Fever, and by a Cloud 
 or Sediment in his Urine, if you pre» 
 ferve it in a glazed Pan for that Pur- 
 pofe, then you rnay give him the fol? 
 lowing Cordial : 
 
 ' Take the diftill'd Water of Car^ 
 
 * duuSj Scabious, and Marigolds^ of 
 ' each a Pint, or the fame quantity 
 ' oi Milk Water inftead of them, and 
 ' put an ounce of Mithridate into \t^ 
 
 * Dillblve it and give it the Horfe ia 
 
 * a Horn ; clothe him warm, and 
 ' when he begins to (wtM plentifully 
 ' give him a Draught of wani Was 
 ' ler with White Wine in it. 
 
 The Horfe 's Mouth ought to be 
 kept clean and moift, as before direct 
 ed ; and during the whole Courfe of 
 the Fever he fhould be well rubb'd, to 
 keep the PaOages of Perfpiration as 
 free and open as may be, and that the 
 Blood may be forwarded that is ape 
 to languifh in the faiall Veflels to? 
 wards the Skin. 
 
 P 2 ^ Aui 
 
F E (21 
 
 And for as much as vomiting is 
 
 prop'-r and a Horfe cann >! vomit by 
 conviii{iveThrows,thore Helps fhouiJ 
 be ufed that may in part anfwer the 
 Intention. Therefore, * Put Ajj'a. 
 
 * Foetida and Savin^ of each half an 
 
 * ounce into a linen Rag ; (or Pol'i- 
 
 * pody of the Oak, or £.tezn juniper- 
 
 * wood, or any th-ng elfe that is of 
 
 * an ungrateful Re'ifh) and faften it 
 
 * to the'^Bit for him to champ upon.' 
 Do this once a-day for ihe fpace of 
 
 an H ur, efpecially at the be^^inning 
 of the Diftenipe . 
 
 This wi!' anfwer fome of the In 
 tcntions f .r vomiting : for by ftraining 
 to cou^h, vomit and fneeze, the 
 whole Body is fhock and aftuatei, 
 and by this means much of the Lentcr 
 may be fqueez'd out thro' tht.- fma'lell 
 Veflels, and by that means mny b ing 
 the Difttmper to a more fpeedy Solu- 
 tion. 
 
 But tho chewing Bills, &c. may 
 be of ftrvice in thofe Fevers where 
 there is a Lentor or il wnefs of Blood 
 in the fmall Arteries ; yet fome are of 
 opinion they cannot be proper m a 
 legitimaie Fever, aUho Monf. So icj- 
 fill recommends the ufe of tnem ; 
 becaufe ftraining may have a tenJency 
 to Qiw the Blood too much, which is 
 fuppofed to be in too g«eat a Hurry 
 before. 
 
 If the Fever ends with a Defluxlon 
 of Rheum ar theMourh and Nofe, as 
 it \s not very uncommon ; then 
 ' Tr^ke a handful vC Red-ro/e Leave', 
 < and boil them in a quart of Water : 
 
 * let the Deco£l:ion cool a Ittle, and 
 « then diflbive in it an ounce of Diaf- 
 « cordium for a Drenc^.' Give this 
 for 2 or 3 Days fuccellive'y, and it 
 will (iigcft that Humcur, and by de- 
 grees dry it up. 
 
 ScluyftU fays, < Above all you iriuft 
 
 * frequently repeat the ufe of Cly- 
 « fters, injrding 3 or 4 every day, if 
 « there be occafion ; for there is no 
 
 2 ) F E 
 
 * Remedy gives greater Eafe, and re- 
 ' lieves a Horfe more cff<?<aually.*' 
 The CKfteis may be as fo lows : 
 
 * Reiiucc 4 ounces of Sror a of Li- 
 ' ver of AntinioH'j into fine Powder j 
 ' and boil ii in 5 pints of H^/?')*, made 
 ' of Cows-mi;k ; and afrer it has h<id 
 
 * 2 or 3 brisk \5^.iulins take it off the 
 
 * Fire, and pur in 2 heads of Cotio. 
 
 * qiiinttda flic'd fnail, and when it 
 ' is half cold prefs out the Decodion, 
 ' and add a quarter of a pound of 
 ' Butter to it, and injeft it luke- 
 
 * warm.' 
 
 This purgative Clyfter wHI give 
 the Horfe cafe wi hour heaiinghi> Bo- 
 dy : But this Clyf^er muft not be ufed 
 daily ; but the fol'owing may be re- 
 peated feveral tinies .i-day. 
 Another, 
 
 * Boi' a good quant'ty of emollient 
 ^ or foftening Herbs, and Fenneljeeds 
 ' beaten ; two hanMus of whc.'e 
 ' Barley^ and an ounce and half of 
 
 * 5^/ Polychrelium j and adJ to the 
 ' Decodion when ftramed, cJl cf 
 ' Rojes and Violets, of each 4 ounces j 
 
 * of Beijed.cij Laxativ^j 2 ounce* ; 
 
 * or 3 ounces cf Extta6ied Caffu* 
 
 This Clyfler will evacuate il e Im- 
 purities which are ccntainM in ihe in- 
 ftrftines, and comforts the fuperior 
 Parrs. 
 
 He advifes to rub the Horfe againfl: 
 the Hair, to open the Pores, and let 
 out the fuliginous Vapours. 
 
 He adds. He has feen fome Horfes 
 cur'd by thefe Remedies ; and the 
 fame Medicines given to others with- 
 out fuccefs : And that when the Fe- 
 ver continues 3 days without Inter- 
 miflion, he laid afide the ufe of Me- 
 dicines, and mamedia ely order'd the 
 Horfe to be thrown upon the Dung- 
 hil, for in all his Prci£lifc he never 
 found any Horfe elcap'd af er that 
 fatal Period, thofomciirr;es they lin- 
 gred out 5 or 6 Days longer ; becaufe 
 the Liver is quite burnt up, and con- 
 
 funied 
 
F E 
 
 (213 ) 
 
 F E 
 
 fumed by the V'olence of the Heat. 
 Dunn J the 3 Days of the uninteirup- 
 cd Continuance of the Fever, as ii has 
 appear'd by difledlinJ Horfes that have 
 died of a Fevr. 
 
 PESTILENTIAL FEVERS. 
 Under the Title of peftilential Fe- 
 vers, all thofe kinds of Fevers that 
 have a hii,h Decree o( Malignity in 
 them mav be inc'uJed, and many of 
 the S'cknefles peculiar to forae Seafons 
 are fuch. Bur when rhey come to be 
 a Pli^ue or Murrain, the who'e Mfs 
 of B ood becomes vitiated fo fudden- 
 Jy, that they generally prove mortal, 
 before proper Helps can be apply'd ; 
 there not be ng rime left for the com- 
 mon Means to operate duly. 
 
 Tno'e peftilential Fevers that are of 
 the ordinary kind, d ffer from other 
 ma'ign.mt Fc-veis only in degree. 
 They have the fame Lenror of B'ood, 
 the one as the other, and often pro- 
 ceed f om the f.ime Cau'es. 
 
 The Cauje. Thefe Di tempers fome- 
 time? proceed ff om unsvholefom Food, 
 and efpetia'ly f-om eating fuch Herbs 
 as are of a cold, vifcid Nature, and 
 therefore apt to bei^et Crudities ; or 
 from excedive Exercife upon a full 
 Body or the Pke. which \n the Procefs 
 of the Diftemper br'n :s on Sympronis, 
 which bear an Aflin-'ry to thofe that 
 are obfervable m the Piajue. 
 
 T'^e Signs. The Signs are much 
 like tho'e of putrid jnd m.ilignant Fe- 
 vers, only that the H.-rfe is more 
 ftupid, and has rnoft commonly a 
 Swelling ani Inflimraition of the 
 Kerne's aDout his Throat ^ which is 
 caufed bv a Srazn.ition of the luxes 
 in thofe fma 1 Veflels. 
 
 And when the DiftempT is very 
 vioien', a grea: deal of Warer runs 
 from the Eyes, and a yllowifh Mai- 
 ler diftils from the Nofe, and fome- 
 times from the Mau;n to ) ; and 
 fometimfj* i: is r;7py and mixed with 
 Blood ; a cKi.nmy Sweat han^s on 
 the Ear?, aad alfo the £)es ait infla- 
 med. 
 
 Trie Cure. Forafmucb as this Dif- 
 temper proves mortal, and tb.u (ui- 
 denly too, which proceeds from an 
 over Diftenrion of the fmall Blood- 
 vefiels of the Brain, which caiifes a- 
 pop'eclick Diforders. Therefore the 
 Neck-vein ought to be opened imme- 
 diately, and a Clyfter given Toon af- 
 ter. For which Purpofe the follo\\ ing 
 is proper ; 
 
 ' Boil 2 handfu^s of Marjli- Mal- 
 
 * lows, onehandrulof Rue, and one 
 
 * bitter Apfle m 5 pints of Wa- 
 
 * ter, til! it comes f^ 2 quarrs ; then 
 ' add to the Dfcodion 4 ounces of 
 ' Oil or Hcgi'lard^ and 2 ounces of 
 
 * the Powder or Species call'd H>2ra 
 
 And befides thefe Evacuations'here 
 muft be a conftint u(e of internal 
 Means, and the moft powerful coun- 
 ter Poifons are accounted the moft 
 proper- fuch a.s Veni e Treacle^ ton- 
 don Treacle, Mtlhridate, Sec. Powder 
 or Pills of Gentian, Bij}ort^ white 
 Ditra^y, Tormenti', C 'nirjyerva^ 
 V^rrjnhin Sn.\i-fOut^ snd the like. 
 And you m .y give the H^rfe this cor- 
 dial Infufion following ; 
 
 (Or !f you c^n have'ihe d.ftil.'d Wa- 
 ters of them, of each a qa.iit.) 
 
 ' T.'.ke o{ Card:4i4-^ Q^^eenof the 
 
 * jMeadow'j M^nygolds an-i I'Va.ter- 
 
 * Germander, or each a la ge hand- 
 ' ful ^ tn'u'e them in a gillon of 
 ' boiling ^yater, and give the Horfe 
 < everv dav a quirt of this Infufion at 
 ' tw'c^, adding to each pint half <in 
 ' ounce of Vence Tretde or A'.inri- 
 ' date '^ an -I it will make the Piition 
 
 * more effi.McI"U«, if vou -^d-^ (am- 
 ' phorated Sp-rus rf iVine^ \vh ch yoa 
 
 * miv dr> r.s fo'lovvs : 
 
 * D.lTj've 2 dr I -» . of Cii'n^ihirf fn 
 ' half a pint of rtfl fied Sp>< -r of H'i^e 
 
 * Of Fren h B'-a- dy, and mix ? or { 
 ' fpoonfu.s iji h, w' h each Dof- of 
 ' me corJim' Infiifi ;n.' T-m's wM oi 
 of grew EiO-acv u> o ccumt ths 
 Malignity oi the DiTca^e. 
 
 r I 
 
 Kcfp 
 
F E ( 214 
 
 K.eep the Horfe warm cioth'd, and 
 kt his Body be frequently rubb'd. 
 
 If the D.feafe proceeds from Infec- 
 tion, then Horfes that are well ought 
 not to ftand in the fame Stable with 
 the Sick ; and the Stable (hould be 
 perfumed by burning Pitchy Oitba- 
 nuniy Franhincenfe, green 'juniper- 
 tpood^ and the like. 
 
 If the Difeafe goes off, by difcharge 
 of corrupt Matter from the Nofe, as 
 In the Glanders, then you may give 
 the Horfe for feveral Days, Dtafcor- 
 dium diflblved in a Deco£lion or In- 
 fufion of Red-rofe Leaves. And if 
 there be an Impofthumation, you 
 may do the like. 
 
 The Sieur Soileyfell recommends 
 the following Medicine in p?ftilential 
 Pevers, by which when there was a 
 Mortality among the Horfes in Oer- 
 tnany^ he cured a great many. 
 
 ' Take Treacle that is not above 3 
 « Months old, and Aloes Hepatka 
 < powdeied, of each an ounce ; Con- 
 
 * fedion of Hyacirithy and Alkermes 
 « without M«5^,of each half an ounce; 
 
 * make a Decodion with Scabious^ 
 
 * Cardius BemdiClus, and Speedwell^ 
 « of each a large handful, and difTolvc 
 '^ the forementioned Ingredients in it.' 
 
 The next Day after he had admi- 
 tiiftred this Medicine, he gave Cly- 
 fters \ and if the Violence of the Dif- 
 temper did not abate, he repeated the 
 Remedy again, with only half the 
 Qj_iarjtity of rr^<3c/^, Aloe^ and Con- 
 fedions 5 but the fame quantity of 
 the t)ecodion. This he fays cured 
 all Horfesto whom it wasadminiftred. 
 
 On this a certain Author obferves. 
 That the chief Efficacy of this Medi- 
 cine lies in the Decodion and Trea- 
 cle \ and therefore the Alkermes and 
 iiyactnth being dear, may be omitted, 
 Ot fomething of the fame Nature ufed 
 In their Head. 
 
 SolleyfLlL fays, That a peftilential 
 Fever is to be cured by ftrengthening 
 Ka- urej in correding the Malignity 
 ^f the Poifon ih- 1 caufes the Diforder. 
 
 -) F E 
 
 For this purpofe, C'yilers muft b^ 
 frequently injeded, and repeated Do- 
 fes of cordial Pills, or the Eleduaiy of 
 Kermes muft be given ; obferving 
 almoft the fame Diredions that are 
 given for the Cure of the Ant'tcor, 
 
 That he once obferv'd a great Mor« 
 tality of the Horfes in Germany 5 
 That few efcap'd that were once (t\- 
 zed with the Diftemper ; that mod 
 part of them voided a great deal of 
 Water at their Eyes ; were troubled 
 with a Fever; had a ftrong Averfion 
 to their Food 5 the Tips of their Ears 
 were cold, and a greenifh Matter con- 
 ftantly dropp'd from their Nofe. 
 And that after feveral Remedies had 
 been try'd in vain, he at laft invented 
 one that performed a great number of 
 Cures. 
 
 That as foon as the Difeafe appear- 
 ed, the Horfe was blooded before he 
 was fuffered to drink ; and '\^ the 
 Horfe had drank, the letting blood 
 was deferred till the Day following ; 
 And that after he had been kept upon 
 the Bridle for 2 or 3 Hours, the Re» 
 medy beforementioned was given, 
 and then he ftood bridled for 2 Hours, 
 and was walked for half an Hour. 
 OF A HECTICK FEVER. 
 
 A hedick Fever is frequently ac». 
 companied with an internal Ulcer in 
 the Lungs, or fometimes with an In- 
 firmity in the Liver ; and then the 
 Yellows or Jaundice often attend it ^ 
 fo that it is often an Effed of fome 
 inward Diftemper. 
 
 Some fay the hedick Fever in Hor- 
 fes, is a dangerous and mortal Dif- 
 temper, being in a Horfe the firft 
 original Breeder of a Confumption, 
 
 The Caufe. An hedick Fever 
 proceeds from Weaknefs firft brought 
 on the Body of the Horfe, by bad 
 Keeping or other hard Ufage 5 or is 
 often the Efl^ed of fome preceeding 
 Sicknefs, which has gone off by fome 
 imperfed Crifis, or by fome ufual 
 Evacuation exceeding or being fup- 
 prelsU JBut hedick Diforders are 
 
 ofca- 
 
F E ( 215 ) 
 
 occafioned by nothing more than an fore defcrlbed 
 
 unskilful and injudicious ufe of Phy- 
 
 fick : for by this means many Horfes 
 
 under the Notion of carrying off foul 
 
 Humours, have had their vital Spirits 
 
 wafted to that degree, that they have 
 
 not been fufficient to anfwer the com- 
 mon and ufual Funftions of Life. 
 The Signs* Many of the common 
 
 Symptoms of a legitimate Fever do 
 
 accompany a Heclick, as Heat, Dry- 
 
 nefs of the Mouth and Tongue, and 
 
 few or no Intermiffions of the Dif- 
 
 eafe, unlefs it be after feeding that 
 
 the Fever is a little more rais'd, and 
 
 the Spirits more a£live than at other 
 
 Times ; but yet by the leaft Exercife, 
 
 they are brought again to their deje£Ved 
 
 State, fo that the Horfe will fcarce be 
 
 ab!e to move, but will look tired and 
 
 jaded, as if he had been put to fome 
 violent Exercife. The Flefh becomes 
 flabby, and he will break out into 
 Sweats while he ftands in the Stable. 
 The Horfe will never eat with an 
 Appetite, and when you draw out his 
 Tongue, it will be raw, and almoft 
 fcalded ; his Flefh will be loofe and 
 flabby, and his Body will be fubjeft to 
 a continual Trembling. 
 
 If the Diftemper is attended with 
 any kind of internal Ulcer, it may be 
 known by its Extremes ; for where 
 there is an inward Ulcer, it will fome- 
 times be choaked up by Inflamma- 
 tion, and the Horfe will fometimes 
 difcover the Signs of violent Pains in 
 fome particular Parr. 
 
 The Cure, The Cure is to be per- 
 formed by duly adminiftring all thofe 
 Things which are proper to recover 
 Nature, and whatfoevcr will by de- 
 grees remove the Difeafe. And 
 when the Horfe mends and improves 
 upon the Augmentation of his feed- 
 ing, it is a very good token, v/hereas 
 the contrary is a bad one. 
 
 And particularly you fhould g've 
 the Horfe fuch Things as are proper 
 to abate Heat and feverifh Symptoms. 
 And thofe Things that have been b?- 
 
 F E 
 
 for removing a fimpl* 
 and legitimate Fever may be proper j 
 but with this Caution, not to make 
 ufe of bleeding but when you fufpeft 
 a Pain and Inflammation in the inter- 
 nal Parts. And this may be known 
 by an Oppreflion, and unufual heav- 
 ing of the Flanks, ^c. 
 
 Nor are Clyfters good, but rather 
 hurtful in this Cafe, unlefs when there 
 is an Increafe of the Symptoms by 
 
 too much Coftivenefs ; and even then 
 you (Viould ufe thofe that are of the 
 moft eafy and mild Operation. And 
 as to the Reftoratives, they ought to 
 be fuch as may come into the Diet of 
 a Horfe ; fuch as Mallows, Agrimo- 
 ny, H^rehound^ Melilot, and the like. 
 Alfo the Powder of Diapente may be 
 very proper, and all thofe Pedorals 
 that are ordered in confumptive and 
 broken- winded Cafes, 
 
 Us Corn fhould be given by little 
 at a time and often. As for his Drink, 
 2 or 3 handfuls of French Barley 
 fliould be boil'd in it ; which will botli 
 be a good Reftorative and abate the 
 Acrimony that conftantly attends 
 thofe Difeafes. 
 
 Give him moderate Exercife, walk- 
 ing him ou: gently once a-day when 
 the Weather prefents. Give him no 
 more Drefling than is ufual at other 
 Times, nor let his Clothing be too 
 heavy. 
 
 Firft wafh his Tongue either with 
 Syrup of Mulberriei, or Alum, run- 
 n'in^ Water, Sjge, and Woodbind 
 Leaves boiled together, and afterwards 
 oive him the following Drink : 
 
 ' Take Aloe$ one ounce, Garlicl^ 
 ' h2^f ^nouncs,Annifeeds znd Liquo- 
 
 * rice of e-ich a dram : powder them, 
 ' and give them in a quart of White- 
 ^ 'juine, fweetened with Sugar-candy 
 
 * or Honey^ lukewarm, in a Morning 
 
 * faftinJ.' Give him nothing to drink 
 but Mafhes, or Malt and Water, and 
 let his Food be fweet Hay, or green 
 Cornblades, and always chafe him a 
 little after he has taken his Medicine. 
 
 P 4 Lsc 
 
F E (21(5 
 
 "Let Mm ftind warm, be well do- 
 tlieJ, 3nJ fcft t>r 2 or 3 Hours, 
 INTERMITTING FEVF.R?. 
 
 Di'fcrir^non. All Fevers that have 
 anv Tenfiole Space bet-veen rheir Fit.«, 
 free from the Difcafe, are Tiid to !n- 
 tc rn r : And under this Title are com- 
 prehended Shjotidlant^ Tertians^ and 
 §lua^tans, which proceed f-om the 
 fame Caufe, and admit of the fame 
 Method of Cure. 
 
 The Caufe. Intermitting Fevers 
 may eafily be brought on by all thofe 
 Thin:zs that can any way vveiken and 
 deflroy the natural Tone of the Sto- 
 mach ; and therefore they are often- 
 times the EfFed of (ome Fever, Sur- 
 feit, or Cold, that has been taken in 
 low and marfny Grounds, thac have 
 not been cleaily carried off, but by 
 continuinj; long have lef a Debility 
 and Weaicnefs behind them. 
 
 Intermitting Fevers may a'fo owe 
 their Original to eating Herbs of a 
 cold vifcid Nature, which in fome 
 Scafons grow very plentifully. 
 
 But nothing is more apt to br'ng 
 on Iniermitting Fevers th^ti a fre- 
 quent and unslcjlful UCt of Phyfick. 
 For the firft Scene of A^l.on tor all 
 fuch Th n:;s being the Stomach, the 
 Tone of its Fibres are thereby relaxed 
 or broken, fo that it is rendered unfit 
 fpfBciently to perform Digeftion ; 
 and by that me^ns the A'iinents nor 
 being comminuted in the S;omach as 
 much as they ou2ht to be, much of 
 the grofs and vifcid Parts of it are 
 tranfmitted into the Mafs of B'ood, 
 and fo its Motion in the fmall V-^fTeis 
 of the Extremities is rerarded. 
 
 The Signs, There appears firfl a 
 Coldncfs with Trembh'ng of the Bo- 
 dy , attended with a Debility and 
 J^aflitude, which is followed by an 
 extreme Heat and Drought, which 
 fuddenly ends in a large Sweat, and 
 as fpon as that is over the Horfe will 
 eat his Mestj and feem to be quite 
 ^ell till anpthei- fit comes upon him. 
 
 F E 
 
 The Cure. This oug' t to b<^ rc- 
 membied, that in all inttnnit ing 
 Fevers the Blood is rendeied * i^ctd 
 and thick j and it will be nectlTiry to 
 break thofe V.'ciduies, n or/!er to 
 bring the Diflen.per to a S lur on ; 
 and this happens dur.ng the hot Fi' ; 
 fo that a preat deal of ih.t L-.nior is 
 thiown » fF.n Sweat. 
 
 Bui in as much as the Sromach fti'l 
 continues in its weak and deb'^ta-ed 
 Condition, a conf^.int Supply vUrttn 
 Vilcidity \s coninunicatf. d fo the 
 Blood, and iheieJore the Dile.ile le- 
 turns. 
 
 If there be no Alterat'cn *'n tie 
 Habit of the Body, ;ht Di eafe will 
 be ap' to re urn at cer an T u-e^, and 
 the D. fiances beavetn the Fsfs w I be 
 equal; becau'e, fuppufing near ire 
 fame Quantity of the common and 
 ufual Food to be eaten, and trat there 
 is the fiine Capacity of Di tftion left 
 in the Sc' ni<ich, and bt fides thcfe 
 that al t' e c mmun Dif hurges are the 
 fame or n ar the fame, in 48 or 72 
 Hours (whxh are the Intervals in 
 Tertiam and 6luatta> s) iherefore the 
 Blood will probably in ih.^t time ac- 
 quire a Degree of Vi!ci<''ity that will 
 be equal to what it had at the Begin- 
 ning of that Spnce • that is immedi» 
 ately before the So u -on ot tie fore- 
 going Fit, and therefore another Fit 
 will be apt to return at the famedif^ 
 tance of T'me. 
 
 But if there is any Alteration, by 
 which the Stomnch is rendered weak- 
 er ; or if the Horfe in that tinie eats 
 Food of a harder Digeflion, than what 
 he had been ufed to eat 5 or if the 
 common Dif'harces have been ob- 
 flrufred more than ordinarily j or if a 
 an unufual qaanti y of the thinner parts 
 of the Blood hath been exhr.ufled, then, 
 it is probable, the Fits will re;u n of-' 
 tt-ner, becaufe the fan;e Dct^ree of 
 Vifcidity will the focner be in^encired 
 in the Blood, But on the other hand^ 
 the Sterna^ gains moie Suength in 
 
F E 
 
 ( 21 
 
 the Intervals, and the B^ood becomes 
 moie thin An^ at^e nua c^ then the 
 yit will n> t rerurn ar the u<u3l times ; 
 bur if it reiuns H al', it will be later; 
 >\nd if ihe (<ime R.U'O of ExercO", 
 Di t, or Ppyfick be coniinu d, the 
 h'oO'i uii; bevom- more atrcnuared, 
 an ^ thf S'Oiuach will acquire its wont- 
 ed Tone ; fo fh<?t conleqiientl) the 
 Dife^ife ui ' re I -n no more, 
 
 1^ the HuiTe be youn'^*, and has 
 not been much weakened by 
 the length of the SickneO, you miy 
 take away a modtrate Qii.intiiy ^'f 
 B.ood from the Neck ; but if he be 
 old, or much weakened by the Df- 
 temper, it wid be more hu.tful than 
 
 prcjfi ^D t*. 
 
 And wlien the Fit is over give hfm 
 the fcUovvin'4 Dv>ie : 
 
 ' T-ke 2 ounces of Gen 'lan Root, 
 
 * Camttntl-' Fiv we-% GaiUn^ai and 
 
 * Z' 'oaryt of cac\\ ai ounce, of Gum 
 
 * Guaiactw and :viyrrh, of ("ach an 
 
 < ounce- an:! a l.jlf ^ make ihe.ii into 
 
 * a fine PoA'.ltr, ..nd g've rhem the 
 
 * Hor c t » (he qujnn'ty vf an outue 
 
 < in R J lA,... ?Md Water. 
 
 Or if the H ^ife be of fmall v.^lue, 
 inflead o^ the -jmw you irav ufe 2 
 ounces of t e B^ik of S'f[' f as, or 
 an ounce ui O.^k, Bark, fine v pow- 
 dered. 
 
 Rep at this Dofe 3 or 4 times a 
 day, ro prevent the Return of the Fi*-, 
 if pofllble. 
 
 But if the Horfe rends to be Lix or 
 loofe, then vou aia\ tnak'upeich 
 Dof- of the Powder into a P,.fte wth 
 Diaf.ordium, and give it hin) ei;h?r 
 whole or di[r)lved in any convenient 
 Liquo-. A Loolenefs fh )uld bv all 
 tne.ins be p evented j bec^ufe m all 
 aguifh D'ft mper-^, a LoofeneG con. 
 tributes ro we.iken ^ Horfe, and con- 
 fequently to increafe the D ftemper. 
 
 As for the Jc-fuits Bwk^ the mod 
 fimple Prep-vrations commonly prove 
 more efficaciou": th.in thofe that have 
 more Time and Labour beftowfid on 
 ihenj, Therciore, 
 
 7 ) FE 
 
 ' T ke a quarter oP a Pound of the 
 ' Ba>k^ mai-e into fine Powder^ and 
 
 * divide it in o 6 Papt'rs for fo many 
 
 * Dofes, and give one of them as 
 ' foon as the Fit i« q lite gone off, in 
 « any common Liqu'd, that is not 
 ' purging and ojve 2 more in the 
 
 * fpace c.f 12 Hours, and gi\e the 
 « 4th 2 Hours before the Return o 
 ' the next Fit. 
 
 And if the Fit returns but once in 
 two Da\s, then repeat the 84r;t ia 
 the fame manner the Day followin'' j 
 bur if the Fit does not return at its 
 itfua* T me, probably 5 or 4 Dofes 
 n)ore will make a perfedf Cure, 
 
 If a Lo fenefs happens you may 
 give the B<irk, as above direded in 
 Diajcordium, till that Svmptom goes 
 off; for the Medicine will lofe much 
 of it<: Effic.icy during the Loofenefs, 
 as it Will alfo if it be given during the 
 Time of the Fir» 
 
 You mav tie a Chewing-Ball to the 
 Bit lo; an Hour cr an Hour and half, 
 every Murning, except when the Fit 
 is upon him, which will haften his 
 Recovery ; ride him gently for 2 
 H urs a Day, that will contribu'e 
 much 'o invig >rate his Sromach, and 
 flren::then all the folid Parts. 
 
 Let his Ous be ciean and nouriCi- 
 in:, and feed him often, tho but a 
 little at a time, and if he has been 
 ufed to Bread, the fined will be befV 
 for him j bit be fure not to give him 
 any thing harfh and fcourmg. 
 
 It will be of Service to rub him 
 well, v^'hen the D ftemper bcz'ns to 
 wear off, becaufe t'lia: keeps a Hor'e 
 In a fort of moderate Exercife j but if 
 he is emptv, or has been newly re- 
 lieved of his Fir, he fhuuld not be fa- 
 tigu'd too much. 
 
 A CLU A R T A N. 
 
 A Qj^iartan Fever is cali'd a third 
 D.iy one. If the F;(S begin on Mon" 
 day, he will be well on Tuefday and 
 Vy'ednejday. 
 
 Cdufe^. It proceeds from the 
 fame Caufes as ihe Tanan dues j but 
 
F E 
 
 ( US ) 
 
 F E 
 
 <?oes not appear to be Co violent in 
 the working, but continues much lon- 
 ger : for romerimes they will laft g, 
 6, 9 Months, or the whole Year, if 
 great Care be not taken. 
 
 Signs. There needs no better Sign 
 to know it, than the coming and go- 
 ing of the Fits. 
 
 The Cure. That is the fame as 
 for the Tertian •, only if the Fits do 
 not leave him at the firft taking of 
 the Medicine, you muft give it a fe- 
 cond Time ; and fo on. 
 
 QUOTIDIAN FEVER. 
 
 This Fever feizes a Horfe every 
 Day with one Fir, and will at firft 
 appear fomewhat violent ; but feldom 
 lafts long if the Farrier have any Dif- 
 cretion. 
 
 The Caufe. It often proceeds ei- 
 ther from hard Riding, either after 
 Water or a full Stomach ; and then 
 being Immediately after his Hear, fet 
 up in the Stable, and neither ftopp'd 
 nor rubb'd r, fo growing cold fud- 
 dcnly after that Heat, it begets a Sha- 
 king, anJ fo of Confequence the Ef- 
 fects of a Fever. 
 
 Signs. This Diftemper may bs 
 known by the Eyes being waterifh 
 and blood- fhotten ; by the Breath 
 being hot and fetch'd fhorr, by a 
 loathing of Food and ftiffnefs in the 
 Limbs ; but above all, to know it is 
 ^ QuotidiaVj thefe Signs together 
 with the Sicknefs, will not continue 
 above 6 or 8 Hours in one Day, and 
 then the Hoife will be chearfu! and in. 
 Health again till very near the fame 
 Hour oF the next Day j and at that 
 lime the Fit will begin again. 
 
 And this is to be taken notice of, 
 That by how much more the Fit al- 
 ters its Hour«, the more Hope there 
 i^ of the Horfe's Health ; as if it takes 
 him at 8 a Clock the one Day, and 
 4 a Clock the other, and fo on. 
 
 The Cure. While he is in the Fit, 
 oive him nothing bur a Marfii made of 
 Malt and Water lukewarm, and walk 
 him up and down gently ; and when 
 
 the Fit \$ over, fet him up, and rub 
 his Body and Legs very well, and 4 
 Hours after give him the following 
 Drink : 
 
 * Boil half a handful oC Wormwood 
 « in a quart of ftrong Ale, and add 
 
 * long Pepper and Grains 2 ounces j 
 ' of the beft Treacle 1 ounces j and 
 
 * of the Powder dried of Rue an ounce. 
 
 * When a third Part is wafted, ftrain 
 
 * it, and put in 3 ounces of Sugar • 
 
 * candy powdered, and give the 
 ' Horfe a hornful of it lukewarm/ 
 
 Repeat this the fecond or third 
 Time if the Fit continues^ and it will 
 cure him. 
 
 THE TERTIAN FEVER. 
 
 A Tertian Fever is one that comes 
 every other Day, and the Horfe is 
 one Day fick and one Day found ; 
 but it IS not fo violent as a Quotidian^ 
 but lafts much longer. It happens 
 moft commonly in the Spring of the 
 Year, when the Blood begins to en- 
 creafe, and moftly to Colts and young 
 Horfes. 
 
 Caufe It proceeds from the fame 
 Caufes that the (siuotidian does ; and 
 fometimes from Ranknefs and ill 
 Blood. 
 
 The signs. The Signs are the fame 
 as beforementioned : and the chiefeft 
 is, That the Horfe will be apparently 
 fick ; as fuppofe on the Monday, then 
 vvell on the Tue/day, and fick again 
 on t\)Q IVednefday , and fo on. This 
 Fever always begins with a Shaking. 
 
 The Cure, ' As foon as you per- 
 ' ceive the Horfe begin to ftiake, 
 ' bruife Stone-crop in a Mortar, and 
 « put 4 fpoonfuls of the Juice of it 
 ' in a quart of ftrong Ale, and give 
 
 * it the Horfe to drink : walk him 
 ' moderately for an Hour, then fet 
 
 * him up in the Stable, clothe him 
 ' warm that he may fweat for aa 
 
 * Hour, then cool him ; but let him 
 
 * have no cold Water till his Fits 
 
 * leave him ; and give him for his 
 
 < Provender the oldeft and dryeft 
 
 < Oars you can get. And keep him 
 
 ' faftina 
 
F E (2 
 
 « faftingand empty pretty long on his 
 
 ' good Days before his Fits come.* 
 
 AN AUTQMN PEVER. 
 
 As for the Fevers before-mentioned, 
 they ufually feize Horfes in the Spring 
 of the Year, the new Blood being 
 always apteft to be inflamed. 
 
 And as to thofe that come in Au- 
 tumn, they are ufually of longer Con- 
 tinuance than the o;her. 
 
 The Signs, The Signs are the fame 
 as the other ; they bein? the fame 
 Fever, only altering the Time of the 
 Year. 
 
 The Cure, Bleed the Horfs in the 
 Neck-vein, and Palate of the Mouth, 
 and oive him the following Dtink : 
 
 * Take of Germanier 2 ounces ; 
 
 < Gum Tragacanih and dry'd Rofes, 
 
 < of each half art ounce : powder 
 ' them fine, and put them into a 
 
 * quart of Ale; add 2 ounces of O- 
 
 * live-oily and as much Honey, and 
 
 * give it the Horfe to drink luke- 
 
 * warm. Wa'k hfm a little while, 
 
 * and afterwards fet him up warm. 
 
 * Let him have no cold Water, and 
 
 * let his Provender be drv Oats,' 
 
 A SUMMER FEVER. 
 
 This is by fome accounted the worfl 
 of all Fevers ; efpecially thofe that 
 feize Horfes in the Dog-days ; be- 
 caufe according to the Opinion of the 
 antfent Farriers, all Accidents are then 
 moft furious. 
 
 The Si. m. The Arteries will beat 
 palpably ; and when the Horfe ftalej, 
 you may perceive he fheds his Seed 
 alfo. 
 
 The Cure, The Antients ufed to 
 bleed the Horfe in the great Vein 
 under his Haunch, almoft 4 Inches 
 beneath his Fundament. But Mark- 
 ham fays, confidering the Vein is not 
 eafily found by every Farrier, and 
 that there is great danger of cutting an 
 Artery inftead of a Vein, it is as 
 well to bleed him in the Neck-vein, 
 and 2 Hours after to give him the 
 following Drink : 
 
 • Pound a handful of PurJIamf 
 
 19) 
 
 F E 
 
 « fqueeze out the Juice, and mix it 
 ' with Gum tragacanth, Annifeeds, 
 
 * and Damask-rofe Leaves powdered : 
 ' mix thefe with a quait of ftrong 
 
 * Ale, fweeten it with Sugar-candy 
 
 * or Honey, and give it the Horfe for 
 
 * 5 Mornings fuccelTively ; and keep 
 
 * the Horfe warm during his lllnefs. 
 
 A WINTER FEVER. 
 
 A Fever which feizes a Horfe in 
 the Winter, is not fo dangerous as to 
 his Life as the Summer Fever ; yet 
 it will be a Diftemper of long Conti- 
 nuance, and requires great Circum- 
 fpedion in the Cure. 
 
 The Caufes and Signs, Thefe are 
 the fame as thofe formerly defcrib*d. 
 
 The Cure. Firft purge his Head 
 with fneezing Medicines \ then bleed 
 him in the Neck and Palate of the 
 Mouth, and 2 Hours after give him 
 the following Drink : 
 
 ' Boil 5 ounces of Rue, half an 
 ' ounce of rcund Pepper, Bay-berries, 
 
 * and the Seed of SmalUge, of each 
 
 * half an ounce, in white Wine, and 
 
 * give it him to drink lukewarm.' 
 
 Some put 2 ounces of Salle t -oil, 
 2 fcruples of Myrrh, one fcruple of 
 Saffron, and a fpoonful of Smallage 
 St^A into a pint of new Milk, and 
 give it the Horfe to drink lukewarm. 
 But the Horfe that drinks this muft be 
 of good Strength •, for if he is weak, 
 it will be too ftrong. 
 
 The Italians ufed to boil half an 
 ounce of Ari/hlochia, Gentian, Hyf- 
 fop. Southernwood and Wormwocdy 
 of the Seed of each half an ounce ; 
 of dry fat Tigs 3 ounces, and half a 
 handful o^ Rue in running Water, till 
 one half was wafted 5 and when the 
 Decoftion begins to thicken, they 
 take it from the Fire, ftrain ir, and 
 give it the Horfe lukewarm. 
 
 But fome approve of the firft Me» 
 dicine as the beft. 
 
 As for his Diet, the Horfe muft be 
 kept fafting long before his Fits come ; 
 and as for his Drirk, let it be only 
 warm Mafties of Malt and Water. 
 
 If 
 
F I 
 
 ( 220 ) 
 
 F I 
 
 IftVie Tits continue, and bring the 
 Ho fe low, then comfort and quicken 
 his natura' Heat by rubbing anH cha- 
 fing his Body all over, either in the 
 Sun or by a gentle Fire, with fome 
 wholefom F i<^ion. 
 A FEVER THAT COMES BY A 
 SURFEIT OF MEAT. 
 Si^ns, Tne Horle will heave and 
 beat upon his Back, his Breath will 
 be (hoit, hot and dry ; and he will 
 draw his Wind only at the Nofe with 
 great Violence. 
 
 The Cure. Let the Horfe blood \n 
 his Neck, the P.ilate of his Mouth, 
 and under his Eyes, and give him 
 fneezing Medicines to purine his Head ; 
 keep him on a fpare Diet, making 
 him f^ft more than h^if the Djv, and 
 give him Diink buf once in 24 Hours, 
 and let that be on'y warm Water. 
 Chafe his Body once or twice, uith a 
 wholefom Fndion. And if he grow 
 coftive during the Cure, rake him, 
 and give him a Suppofiiory or Cly- 
 fter. 
 
 FIBRE. 
 I'lhre is an animal Thread, of which 
 there are different Kinds -, fome are 
 foft and flexible, and a little elaftick, 
 and thefe are either hollow like fmall 
 Pipes, or fpon^ious and full of little 
 Cel's, as the nervous and flefhy Fi- 
 bres j others are m^re foiid, flexible, 
 and with a ftrong Elafticity or Spring, 
 as the membranous or cartilaginous 
 Fibres ; and a third fort are hard and 
 inflexible, as the Fibres of the 
 Bone. 
 
 FIERY EVIL. 
 When you perceive the Horfe be- 
 gin to refufe his O.u?, bleed him in 
 the Temple- Veins, and give him the 
 following Medicine. 
 
 « Tak'e Devils bit and Fumitory, 
 « of each a handful, Cumwin-feed an 
 < ounc?, Ajfi Fdnda half an ounce, 
 ' and put them into a Pot that has a 
 ' Cover, with a quart of Strongs 
 ' baer or V/hits-i^ine \ cover the Poc 
 
 ' with a Hog's Blidder and Paper, 
 
 * put the Cover of ti^e Pot ove^ all^ 
 ' and place it in a Kettle, wiih a 
 
 * Straw Rope between the bottom of 
 
 * the Kettle snd Pot : then put Wa» 
 
 * ter in the Keti'e. fi 1 ng t within 
 an Inch of the top of fi.f Pot, and 
 let it bo'l for an hcur over a ftrong 
 Fire j then take it out, let it ftand 
 to cool, then uncover it, ftrain out 
 the Liqu r, and give ii ^ne Hoife 
 to drink b ood-warm, 2, or 3 b' urs 
 after be has be^rn bloOvied : then let 
 him ftand up in the Bii I? for 4 
 hours, and at Ni.;nt give him a Cly- 
 flerwith Sal F.'iychrejluw. 
 ' Make a Dtc* ftion according to 
 the ufual manner with Sal Poiy^ 
 chrejiam. or mx an ounce uf Po' 
 lyrh*ejlum powdeiM witii five pints 
 of Be, and put them into a bra- 
 zen pot with a Cuver, and boil 
 thenj for ha!f a quarter of an hour, 
 W'th an ounce of Co'oqr.tntida^ 
 fl ced fmall ; Oram the Deco£lion, 
 and add to it half a p- und of Ho- 
 ney of VioLts, and give it by way 
 of Cljfter for two days together in 
 the Evening, 
 
 Next Morning after the ^x^ClyJler, 
 bridle the Horfe, and pour a quart of 
 St'ong-beer or Wine upon the i^rofs 
 Subftance that was left in the Pot, 
 and cover it and boil it, but not in 
 a Kettle, for an Hour ; then ftrain 
 it, and give it the Horfe, keep hini 
 upon the Bridle for 4 hours, and give 
 him mo ften'd Br.?n and warm Wa- 
 ter to dr:nk ; and in the Evening giv^ 
 him the fame Clvfter again. 
 F i G. > 
 
 Tin is a fort of Wart on the Frufh, 
 and fometimes all over the Body of 
 the Horfe. 
 
 Tig$ are fpung^y Excrefcences, which 
 moft commonly j^row out on the 
 Feet of fuch Horfes as are high and 
 hollow, wuh large flefhy Hoels. Or, 
 as 
 
 Solley 
 
F I ( 12 
 
 SAh'jfel fays, a F'e is an Excref- 
 cente of fpungy and fibrous Flefh, 
 Ilk- a Wart, orowin^ on ftrong, 
 hi.ib, and hollow Feer, which have 
 Jar/e Heels, and feldo.u or never 
 gr< -v .;n fliofe thai are vvv.akj (lender, 
 or f!^t. 
 
 Thefe T'ltiours are, for the mod 
 p.^-"', 'eatcd on rhe top, or on the 
 Cut ^.'f rne Frufh, and (Seldom appear 
 in iny omer place, except it be by 
 reafon of ht-ir iiavinci not been t?.ken 
 cae of in time ; for if they be per- 
 mirted to yrjw old, or if they are 
 dr-e' ^vith ilron^ O-ntments, they 
 <pc.id ro rh^e corner of the Sole at 
 the Heel, rhe S; -e-qujrters, or Toe ; 
 or if tl-e) be un k-ltuHy dre{s d, they 
 flick to the G/iltle or Bone of rhe 
 F)jt, and a te \vards nfe to the Hair, 
 apLv>iring on the Cronet^ and are al- 
 v !vs attenaed with Roitenncfs and 
 
 (.a fe. They are c^ufed by all the 
 Acv! cnrs that happen to the Feet ; 
 as Sjrbacing, F-sun ienn ?, z^c, and 
 f -qjem y are i\.\<: Confequence of a 
 Jooi conilnu'd GDurdinefs in the 
 Lejs '^.v..\ P ferns. They are, for 
 the noft p^:', 'ea ed on the top- fide 
 o tne VwiS' ; bii. vvtien they are let 
 a'oiie to Mcw od, or are dried up 
 Wtn ftiunc Oinriij.ncs, they take 
 anofher (lou'l , and fpread to the 
 corner of the H^e!. They are, as 
 nK'lV .»th-f Exce cencp<i of that k,nd, 
 bre'. and naur fh d from tne frtnie 
 Mat^t-r, tha fulUins and nou ;fhes 
 t;ic fi.riewv and nervou*- Parr, and are 
 to be cu''d oni\ by Exnrpation. 
 
 5 Ubvftii 1 ,yj! ihev 3-e moiften'd 
 and nourifh-d &v a Kimour whicn is 
 de.'ved from the S news, whtcn be- 
 inj; lieftitute of 'he Spirits th u pre- 
 fervM it in lis natural C nli ion, while 
 it continued in he S ne\v>, c^e^ene- 
 rates into a noifjni Pufref.ction, 
 Wh'ch- can hardly oe llopp'd. 
 
 Thoie -.^) which irow on tliC 
 FA«y7;, felduia caufe Lamenefs in 
 
 t ) 
 
 F I 
 
 the beginning ; but by unskilful 
 Drefling being dried, or too lono" 
 neglede.-", they fpread under the 
 Sole, and penetrate to the Hair that 
 fticks to the Griftle or the Bone of the 
 Foot, and there grow painful. 
 
 They grow in the form of Warts 
 when they grow on the FrrtfJj, or are 
 only diftinguiOiible by that fibrous 
 and fpongy Flcfh that appears under 
 the Sole, and corrupts part of it. 
 
 Figs are commonly the Sink that 
 d.eins all the corrupt Humours ia 
 the Body, that flow thither in preat 
 Abundmce , and tho they are not 
 the original Caufe of the Diftemper, 
 do increafe the Malignity of thofs 
 Excrefcences. 
 
 Thefe Humours are fcmerimes fa 
 exceffive'y redundan', that it is impof. 
 fib!e either ro exhauft the Source of 
 them, or to divert the Stream that 
 (lows from it : fo that the Figs }\ - 
 creafe to a very hrge Size, and infc£t 
 and corrupt the whole Par', and 
 fometimes fpoil the Bone of the 
 Foot. 
 
 When a Horfe has for a confide- 
 rable time been troubled with thi? 
 D'fferaper, his Foot becomes de- 
 form'd, and grows yifibly larger than 
 the other. 
 
 The Figs that appear on the Frujlj^ 
 and are not faften'd to the G iftl-, 
 do not make the H.")rre haU, unlefs 
 they accident;il]y touch the Gound ; 
 fo that unlefs the Part be careully 
 examined, a Min may be eafily de- 
 ceived. 
 
 Cure, Therefore if the Fi2s bs 
 on the fide of the Frufh, you muft 
 pare away fo much of the Huus^h as 
 may make room to reach the Sore 
 wi'h a Fleam or Lancet ; then you 
 muft cut the Sole about the Fig, and 
 take it clean ou; ; but y.^u mull take 
 all the Cafe poffible to avoid wound- 
 ing rhe large Blood-VefTeis, 
 
 Drefs it fid wi:h dry Kurds to 
 
 flop the bleeding, and if it requires a 
 
 ftypiick 
 
F I (2 
 
 ftyptick Remedy, make ufe of fome 
 of thofe you will find either under 
 the Articles Styptick or Wounds, 
 When this firft Dreflin» has lain on 
 2 or 3 Days, take it ofi, and if any 
 part of the Excrefcence be left, ap- 
 ply JE^yptiacum fpread on Bolfters 
 or Pledgets of Hurds to deftroy it, 
 and mix with every ounce of the 
 jEgypiiacum half a Dram of Arfnick^ 
 or corro/ive Sublimate : The quan- 
 tity of the Arfenick may be en- 
 larged or diminillied, as you find the 
 Horfe is able to bear it, or as the Cir- 
 cumftances of the Sore may require; 
 and afterwards heal up the Sore with 
 a good digeftive and fpirituous Ap- 
 plications. 
 
 But if the Fig has an Infertion in- 
 to the finewy or grifly Subftances of 
 thofe Parts, the Sole muft be taken 
 up ; and if ycu find any part of the 
 Griftle corrupted, it is to be cut off 
 with a Razor, or other fliarp Inftru- 
 menr. 
 
 If it happens that the Bone is 
 ulcerated, and turns carious, it may 
 be touch'd with a hot Iron, and af- 
 terwards drefs'd with Pledgets dippM 
 in a Tin£lure of Myrrhy Aloes, and 
 Frank'mcenfe ; and alfo with warm 
 Turpentine, Honey of Rofes, till the 
 Bone is cover'd, and afterwards heal 
 up the Sore with fome good Degeftlve. 
 Another Method, 
 
 Cut away the Hough, fo that there 
 may be a convenient Space between 
 the Sole and the Hough, that the 
 Pig may be the more enfily cured; 
 then bind a piece of Spunge ti^ht 
 on the Sore, and it will eat it off to 
 the very Root, then heal it up with 
 the green Ointment. 
 
 Or you may cut it away clofe 
 with an Incifion Knife, or (which is 
 the better way) burn it off v.ith an 
 hot Iron ; then lay try'd Hog's 
 Creafe to it for two days, to take 
 away the Fire. Then take the tops of 
 the moft angry NettUs ycu can getj 
 
 22 ) F I 
 
 pound them well, and fpread them 
 on a linen Cloth that is juft the big- 
 nefs of the Fig, and ftrew powder'd 
 VerdegYeafe on the chopp'd Nettles 
 and bind it upon the Sore, renewing 
 it every day till the Hough has reco- 
 ver'd the Sore. 
 
 Solleyfell fay.?, before any Reme- 
 dies arc apply'd to the Figs, if there 
 be any watery Sores or Swellings 
 upon the Leg. apply to them the 
 white Honey Charge, which will af- 
 fwage the Swelling, take away the 
 Part, difljpate the Humours that nou- 
 ridi the Fig, and hinder the Cure. 
 As to tho(e lE'tgs that grow on the 
 Irufl}, 
 
 Pare the Foot, and cut away (o 
 much of the Hough, that you can 
 reach the Sore with your Fleam or 
 Lancet; then cut the Sole about the 
 Fig, and take it out, even the very 
 Roots of it, or the Cure will not be 
 compleat : but this refers to fuch as 
 are not faften'd to the Griftle- bone. 
 The Sore being thus laid open, ufe 
 the Medicine following. 
 
 * Take two pounds of Honey, one 
 
 * pint of Aqua vit£, fix ounces of 
 ' Verdegreafe, reduced to a fine Pow- 
 ' der, and 4 ounces of fine pow- 
 
 * der'd Litharge, and 2 drams of 
 « Arfenick powder'd and fearfed fine 3 
 ' boil thefe with the Honey over a 
 ' gentle Fire till they are of the 
 <■ Confidence of an Ointment, and 
 « apply it to the Fig on bolfters of 
 « Flax.' 
 
 If the Part be made to bleed by 
 the Incifion, (which you fliouid avoid 
 if you poflibly can) then apply for 
 the firft Dreffing the refiringent 
 Charge made of Turpentine and Soot^ 
 laying it on warm, and binding it on 
 with PvOllers, Bandage and Splents, 
 to ftop the Blood j and two days af- 
 ter apply the Ointment above-men- 
 ticn'd warm, binding it on hard with 
 Rollers and Splents, placing Tents at 
 the fide to keep it firm, and to keep it 
 
 fl-om 
 
F I (22 
 
 from fpreading, and leaving part of 
 the Frufh that" touches the Fig unco- 
 ver'd. 
 
 You muft take care that the Flax 
 is dry, and the Tents are rolled hard, 
 before the Ointment is put upon 
 them : and the Horfe muft be kept 
 very dry, for Moifture will obftrud 
 the Cure. 
 
 In 48 hours time take off this 
 Dreffing, wipe the Sore with dry 
 Flax, and if you perceive any more 
 Fibres or Roots that muft be laid 
 open, then wafh the Fig with the 
 fecond Water, and apply the Oint- 
 ment as before direfted. 
 
 When you take off the Dreffing 
 with a Slice or Spatula^ feparate the 
 little Scabs or Scurfs, which the Oint- 
 ment has produc'd, and take all the 
 care imaginable to prevent it from 
 bleeding. 
 
 If you don't perceive any confl- 
 derable £fFe£ts of the Ointment, after 
 you have drefs'd it once or twice, 
 add 3 ounces of ftrong Aqua fortts 
 to one half of the Compofition, 
 mixing them when coid, and letting 
 them ferment, and it will difTolve the 
 Fig. 
 
 When you take ofF the Drefling, 
 if you find that the Fig has been fuf- 
 ficiently mortify'd^ 3pply the firft 
 Ointment, and afterwards you may 
 have recourfe to the fecond, as occa- 
 fion ferves, obferving the Varieties 
 of Circumftances with great Care and 
 Exaftnefs. 
 
 If the Flefh grows too faft in any 
 Part, apply the Ointment, with the 
 addition of Aqua fortts j but the 
 Cmple Ointment will be fufficient, 
 if you defign only to dry the Part. 
 
 If the fig is faften'd to the Griftle, 
 or Bone of the Foot, and communi- 
 cates with thofe Parts, when it feems 
 to be cur'd on one fide, it fpreads, 
 and fometimes runs even to the 
 Heel, under the Quarters, which fre- 
 quently muft be cat. And after you 
 
 J) Fl 
 
 have made an Incifioninto the Quar- 
 ter, you muft remove the Griftle with 
 the Caufticks prefcrib'd in the Chap- 
 ter of the Jitter-Bone ; for it is 
 impoflible to cure the Fig, without 
 taking away the Griftle. 
 
 If the Fig be very large, as it fome- 
 times is as big as a Flen's Egg, then 
 after you have fearch'd it all round to 
 find out the hollow places under the 
 Scale, where the Roots of the Fig 
 lurk, it will be convenient to lay 
 them open with a crooked and dou- 
 ble edg*d Fleam, to cut out the whole 
 Fig with a fharp Buttrefs, and take 
 entirely our all the Putrefadion and 
 corrupt Flefli, and let the Horfe 
 bleed freely ; lengthen his Shoes, and 
 tye a Cord about the Paftern to ftop 
 the Blood, 
 
 Then cover the Wound with fine 
 Salty and lay Flax moiften'd with 
 Turpentine, boil'd with Soot, over 
 that ; and if the Blood fhould flow fo 
 faft that you can't ftrevv the Wound 
 with Salt ; mix the Salt with the Com- 
 pofition, and apply it warm. Bind the 
 Foot up carefully with an iron Splent, 
 laid crofs-wife, to keep on the Dref- 
 fing; and lay the fame Defenfative 
 about the Cronet^ and let it lie on 
 for 3 days, keeping the Horfe in a 
 dry place. If the F:g be upon the 
 hinder Foot, as it commonly is, the 
 Excrements of the Horfe muft be 
 taken away immediately, as often as 
 he dungs, that it may not prejudice 
 the Sole by any Moifture. 
 
 When the Dreffing is taken off, 
 the Part muft be carefully cleanfed 
 with dry Flax and a Slice, and then 
 the Ointment apply'd with Bol- 
 fters, <^c. as before direded ; but 
 then you need not a Defenfative foe 
 the Cronet. 
 
 Two days after take ofF the Dref- 
 fing, obferve the Colour of the 
 Flefli, and if it be foul, wafh it with 
 the fecond Water, and apply the 
 Ointment, with the addition of Aqua 
 
 form ', 
 
F 1 (2 
 
 fertts; and where the Pie fh Is clean 
 and fair, apply only the (imple Oini- 
 njent. Repeat this for fome days. 
 
 If the Horfe lofe his Appetite, tie 
 a chewing Ball to the Bit, and give 
 him good Clyfters, and Sal Poly- 
 ehrefitim and iiioil>en'd Bran to ear. 
 
 If the Fiii IS faften*d to the Griftie, 
 or Bone of the Foot, the fureft way 
 is to take out the So'e, as \s dixtCtzd 
 in the Chapter of tiarrow Hcels^ 
 and then drefs tl^e r i^ as before ; and 
 if there is occafion, you may either 
 cut out the Griftle, or conlume it 
 with C.iuft;ck5, 
 
 But ii is beft never to apply a 
 Cauftick, where 'tis podible to per- 
 form the Operation vvth a Razor 5 
 becaufe in ufing an Inftrument, a 
 Perfon miy fee what he does, and 
 may direft and guide it as he pleafe«, 
 Which cannot be done fo well w;th a 
 Cauftick ; and befides, an Incifian is 
 not fo painful as a Caufiick : And 
 even ahho ti^ere is a Scale of a B.>ne 
 in the Foot to be fepirated, a red- 
 hot Iron is beiier than a Cauftick j 
 and for the fame purpofe he apply M 
 ^gyptiacum w'th i^ugar or white 
 Vuriol^ or Brax povvder'd, mix*d 
 with Sfi'it of Wine, 
 
 Violent Cauteries are dangerous in 
 this Cafe, they hurt the Bone of the 
 Foot^ and c<iure an Exfoliation, which 
 \s more troublefome and tedi ms 
 than the Cure of the D feafe it felF; 
 and befides they repel the Humou s, 
 which caufe feveral confiderable Dif- 
 Ordrrs. 
 
 During the time of the Cure, it 
 m:y be convenient to give the Horfe 
 every Day Liver of Antimony in 
 moiftenM Bran, to caufe a Revulfion, 
 by dimin Qiing the quantity of Hu- 
 mours that fall on the Part. After 
 you have compleated the Cure, in or- 
 der to prevent any farther Danger, 
 you may take up the Paftem-Vans of 
 the fore Foot , for they carrying a 
 great deal of fuperfluous Blood to ihe 
 
 24 ) F I, 
 
 lower part f f the Foot, the Blood is 
 oftentimes chan ,ed ui o Co rupion 
 and Miner, and tne Nju.iftiment of 
 the Fig IS intercepted by iaking up the 
 Vein, and the Danger o\ a Re'apfe 
 prevented. 
 
 When the Cure is perfe£t''d, no 
 Roots nor Corruption apj.earin j, and 
 the Flefh every where clean and 
 fweet, and only a large H I'ow lefc 
 in rhe Foot oppofi e to the Frufliy 
 ftew the whole Parr with doftn^ 
 mix'd with Flax, and that will fill 
 the Wound up with Flefh, if it be 
 kept on with Bolft-rs of Flax, and re- 
 ncw'd every two Days, 
 
 If, as it ofen happ-ns, the Flefh 
 grows too faft afier one or two Ap- 
 p icaMons, wifti he Part with the lis- 
 cond Wa.er, an:l ftrevv it with ct'opp'd 
 F ax and Povvder of R'fm^ and co- 
 ver It wuh dry F'ix and Splents. 
 
 It has be.^n frequently obferv'd, 
 that when H.rles have ha ^ four Figs, 
 one in each Foot, that tn ee of them 
 may be eafilv cured ; but the tourth 
 h almoft always incurab'e, becauf'e 
 the Humours that fed all the r<^ft, are 
 difcharg*J upon the fourth only. 
 
 If the Part be fi Td up wuh F efti, 
 . then dry it with the Powder of Lalcin'd 
 Tartar, which will p'oduce a Sairf j 
 but this S.iirf tnuft not be takeri 
 away tid a fail off of i: (ef. And 
 afterwards you may app'y about <i.e 
 who'e Foot a reft'- ngcPt Ch-r;e, 
 made of the Powder of u Jla 'd 
 Lime^ m'^ed with the fe-cond W te^, 
 or Aqna vUtgy and reduc'd to a Pafte. 
 Or eife with the iflacle rejinngent 
 Cha^gc^ which will compleat the 
 Grovvrh of the Sole and Frufo ; and 
 then you may reftore the na ural 
 Shape of both thofe Parts by the help 
 of iron Inftruinents, and ai'er that 
 the Hor'e will q-iickly be in a condi- 
 tion fir for Labour. 
 
 Obleive all the Precautions above- 
 ment(on*d. After you have cut off 
 the upper paxt of the Pig, bum the 
 
 reft 
 
F I ( 1 
 
 reft with a hot Knife, which prevents 
 bleeding ; and then apply Bolfters 
 with Oil of Bay, to take away the 
 Pain of the burning, ^c. 
 FIGS. 
 
 Figs are ufeFul in feveral medicinal 
 Intentions 5 but erpecially in Difor- 
 ders of the Longs, being very foft 
 and balfamick : They were highly 
 efteem'd by tne Antients for outward 
 Application to Carbuncles and pedi- 
 lential Buboes ; and are very ufeful 
 in ripening of" Boils, and feveral forts 
 of inflam'd Swellings. 
 
 I ILAMENTS. 
 
 Filaments are Httle Threads,Scrings, 
 or Fibres of any thing. 
 
 FILTRATION. 
 
 Filtration is a Method by which 
 Liquors are made fine and clear, and 
 \s chiefly ufed in Tinftures, when 
 fome Portion is drawn from the In- 
 gredients, or fufpended in the Tinc- 
 ture, which h not neceiTary thereto, 
 but difturbs and renders the refl: un- 
 p'enfant both to the Palate and 
 Sight. 
 
 The Filtration In ufe, is ftraining a 
 L-'quor thro' Paper, Vvhich, by re.u 
 Con of the fmal'nefs of its Pore?, ad- 
 mits only the finer Parts thro', and 
 keeps the ref\ behind. 
 
 F 1 N G A R T. 
 
 Fi'^gart is an obfolete Trench 
 Word, which fignifi'f;s' a Horfe that 
 kicks againfl: the Spurs. 
 
 FINITE UR. 
 
 liniteur is an old Word in the 
 Italian Academies, which fignifi^s 
 the End of the Career or Courfe. 
 FIRE. 
 
 To give the Fire to an Horfe, is 
 to apply the Firing-iron red-hot to 
 iovnt preter- natural Swelling, in or- 
 der to difcufs it i which is frequently 
 done, by clapping the Firing iron 
 upon the Skin, without piercing 
 thro*. See Cauterizing. 
 
 FIRING-IRON, 
 
 Ths Firing-iron is a piece of Cop- 
 
 25 ) F I 
 
 per or Iron about a Foot Ion?, on© 
 end of which is made flat, and forced 
 like a Knife ; the back of it being 
 about half an Inch thick, and the 
 fore-edge not above the fifth or fixth 
 Pan of the thicknefs of the back, 
 FISTULA. 
 
 A Vijlula u a deep, hollow, crook- 
 ed Ulcer, for the mofl. part fpringing 
 from malignant Humours, engender- 
 ed in fome Wound, Canker or Sore, 
 that has not been well cured. Some- 
 times it is caufed by a Bruife feftering 
 inwardly, which did either burft 
 forth of it felf, or was opened by a 
 Farrier ; fometimes it proceeds from 
 a Wrench or Pinch of a Collar in. 
 drawing, or by being wrung with the 
 Tree of a Saddle. 
 
 Signs, The Sign to know It, is the 
 Hoiiownefs defcending downwards 
 fiom the Orifice, v^'hich is much 
 ftraiter at the Mouth than at the Bot- 
 tom, and fends forth thin Matter 
 from :r. 
 
 d^re. Firfl fearch it to the bottom 
 with a leaden Probe, or fomething 
 that will b^nd as the hoiiownefs of 
 the Sore Icids it ; and when you 
 have come at the bottom, open it 
 dovvn-.v-rds '\f it cm poiTiblv be 
 done, that the Corruption may ilTue 
 out the better 5 then ten^ it for 2 or 
 3 days with try'd Hog's Grcaje, to 
 Widen the Orifice, and then injeft 
 the following Water. 
 
 ' Take as much Suhlifvate and 
 •■ Precipitate as will lie on a filver 
 ' Threepence, Allum and ivhite Cop-* 
 ' peras of each 3 ounces, rub the 
 ■' bottom of an earthen pot with a 
 ' little Oil to keep it from burniniz, 
 ' and burn all the Ingredients in it. 
 ' Then boil 2 quarts of fair Water 
 
 * by it Ct\{\ fcum it as It boils, take 
 ' it oft the Fire, and put in as much 
 
 * Powcier as will lie upon a Shilling 
 ' at twica. If you would have it 
 ' ftronger, take one half of Smith*s 
 ' Water, and a third part of White* 
 
 Q. * uuin§ 
 
F li ( 226 ) F 1 
 
 wine Vinegar^ and make a Lye of * Do this once or twice a day, and \i 
 
 * them, with ihe Afhes of afl^sn Wood 
 
 < and the Whitc-V/'we Vinegar^ and 
 
 < make a *>7atei- with this Powder 
 « and Lye in the former Ingredients, 
 » as before direfted. Injeft this Wa- 
 « ter with a Syringe into the Sore, 
 « and it will In a Ihoit time both kill 
 
 < the Fiftula and heal it. 
 
 Or thus, 
 « Powder 2 ounces of Verdegreafe, 
 « and boil it in a quart of good Ho- 
 
 * ;zgy for 3 quarters of an hour, then 
 ' drain it into a Galleypot, and keep 
 
 * it for ufe.* This is a very precious 
 Ointment to tent a YiJluU or Poli- 
 Evtl ; it fearches to the bottom, and 
 eats away all the bad f leili, and fo 
 caufes it to heal the better. 
 
 A Water far the Fiftuls. 
 « Take either a pint of good IVhite- 
 « wine, or White-wine Vinegar^ -or 
 
 * Verjuice -, bruife a handful of Sage- 
 « leaves and put into ir, boil it pret- 
 ' ty well, then drain out the S.ige- 
 ' leaves, and in the Deccdion dif- 
 
 < folve an ounce nnd a half of Ro-^ 
 
 < man Vitriol, h.ilf an ounce of 
 
 < burnt Allanj, and ha!i' an ounce 
 ' of Verdegreafe finely powder'd ; 
 « when it is cold put in a Glafs, (lop 
 ' it up c'ofe, and keep h for ufe. 
 « Warm it uhen you dref*; the Sore, 
 
 * and with a Syringe injed it to the 
 
 * bottom once or twice a day, and 
 
 * it will cure it in 5 or 6 weeks time. 
 
 Another Rsccipr. 
 « Take Bay-filt^ Burnt and Roch- 
 « nlluw of each half an ounce, as 
 ' much of the Leaves of Radivced 
 
 * and Elder'tops as you think tit'ing, 
 ' according to the hollownefs of the 
 " Sore; bruife and mix them very 
 
 * well together, with a handful or 2 
 
 * of gre'^ Snails, Shells and all, and 
 « ftop the hole of the Fijlula with it 
 ' to the bottom ; bur frrO: wafh and 
 « cleanfe it very well with a Syringe 
 f with the Water abovc-memion'd^ 
 
 * will be well. 
 The antient Farriers ufed to fearch 
 
 the bottom of the Fijlula with a Goofe 
 or Swan's Quill, or with a fmall Rod 
 well cover'd with a fine linen Rag $ 
 and when they had found the bottom^ 
 with a Razor they cut it large enough 
 for the Matter to have free PafTage 
 downwards : but care muft be taken 
 not to cut any Mafter-Sinew or main 
 Tendon. Then they ftaunch'd the 
 Blood either with Swine's Dung, or 
 fome fuch thing ; and having boil'd 
 an ounce of Verdegreafe with a pint 
 of Honey for 3 quarters of an hour 
 over, a foft Fire, they cleanfed the 
 Sore, by tying a Tent of Flax or fine 
 linen Rag to the point of a Quill, 
 and with a Thread draw it foftly in- 
 to the Wound 5 then they cut the 
 Quill or Feather fo long, that they 
 might take good hold at the nether 
 end of the Tent, which then was to 
 come out at the bottom of the Sore, 
 Then they dipp'd another Tent in 
 the Salve aforefaid, and with a Needle 
 and Thread made faft the Tent to 
 the firfl: Clout at the upper end of ir, 
 and drew our the firft Tent down- 
 wards, and fo the^Tent with the Me- 
 dicine was eailiy drawn into the 
 Wound, and the firft Tent cleanfed 
 the Sore very clean. If there was a 
 great deal of Matter, they drefs'd it 
 twice a d-iy ; but no more than once 
 a day with this Medicine, and after- 
 Vv'ards with the Medicine following. 
 * Take Tarpe-pjine, Sv^incs-greafe, 
 
 * Honey, and Sheeps-fuet, of each a 
 ' like quantity, melt them together, 
 
 * and make a Salve of it, and drefs 
 
 * the Sore with it for 4 days, for 
 ' one day you drefs him with the for- 
 ' mer Medicine made of Honey and 
 
 * Verdegreafe, Let not the Tent be 
 
 * too big after the firft and fecond 
 
 * Drefting, and prefently after the 
 
 * firft Dreiling cover the fore place, 
 
 * and 
 
F I ( 22 
 
 « and wind about the fame with the 
 
 * following Poultice. 
 
 ' Boil 2 gallons of fa\r Water, 
 ' (cum it very well, then put in Mal- 
 
 * loivsj Violei-lsaves, and Oatmeal^ 
 
 * of each 3 handfuls ; boil them 
 
 * well, then pound a Pound of Ho^s- 
 
 * ivort, and as much freflj Butter^ 
 
 * and boil it till it become a Pap or 
 
 * Pafte, and apply it hot to the Sore. 
 
 * When you open the Sore, let no 
 
 * Hair get into it, and keep it not 
 
 * too hot. 
 
 If the ¥iJluU be in the Withers of 
 the Horfe, you muft tye his Head up 
 to the Rack, that he can neither lie 
 down, nor put down his Head 
 lower than the Manger. If you 
 fuffer him to feed on the Ground, 
 when he has any grievous Sore in the 
 Withers, it wilf hardly be poflible 
 iever to cure him. 
 
 If the Wound heals a-pace, and 
 matters but a little, it will be fufE- 
 cient to drefs hiin once a day. 
 
 Others having prob'd the bottom 
 of the Fijlula with a Quill or Lead, 
 and if it be in a place that they can 
 boldly cut, they^open it with a Lancet 
 or Razor, and make a flit right 
 againft the bottom wide enough to 
 put in their Finger, to feel if there 
 be any Bone or elfe Griftle perifhed, 
 or fpungy, or loofe Flefh 5 they get 
 it out, and then tent it with a Tent 
 of FlaXj dipped in this Ointment. 
 
 ' Take of u^loes, M<^rrh, and Sar- 
 
 * cocalUj of each an ounce, Verde- 
 
 * greafe 1 ounces, Hone'^ 6 ounces, 
 
 * melt thefe on a gentle Fire, and 
 
 * make them into a Salve, then drefs 
 
 * the Tent with it lukewarm, and 
 
 * bolfter the Tent with a Bolfter 
 
 * of Flax. Make the Tent lefler 
 ^ and leffer till it be whole.* This 
 Salve will purge the liftula of Putre- 
 faftion, incarnate 2nd breed the 
 Flefh, and conglutinate and eat away 
 all the bad Flefti. 
 
 Then clofe it up, and fprinkle a 
 
 7 .) F L 
 
 Iftiie unflak'd Lime : but i^ the 
 FtjiuU be in fuch a place, that ydu 
 can neither cut againft the bottom, 
 or tye the fame, then there is no 
 Remedy, but every time you drefs ir^ 
 to pour into it either thro' fome 
 Q;ji]l, or with a Syringe, fome white 
 Copperas-water^ or Alium-roater, Do 
 this twice a day at leaft till it is whole. 
 
 Some, after they have fearcHed the 
 Fijlula to the bottom, having boiled 
 an ounce of Camphtre, an ounce of 
 Mercury Precipitate, 6 ounces of 
 green Treacle 5 of red Sage, Tar row 
 and Ribwort, each two handfii'S, of 
 Honey and Bears-greafe, each a pintj 
 in 4 quarts of WhitC'tUine Vinegar, 
 till half of it be confumed ; wafh and 
 cleanfe the Wound with it. 
 
 Then, in order to heal it, thef 
 take Oil of Rofes, Virgins-wax and 
 Rajtn, of each a like c|uantity> lo 
 ounces of Turpentine, as much Gitm 
 of Ivy, and t)eers-fuet\ boil thefe 
 together to a Salve, and drefs the 
 Sore with it till it is whole, Wheti 
 you have put a Tent in it, cover it 
 with a Pialler of Fitch, Rofin, Ma- 
 fticky Turpentine and Hogs-gnafi^ 
 melted together. 
 
 water-flAg. 
 
 The yellow Water-flag or Flower 
 de-Luce, are very af^ringent, coolii^ 
 and drying. Are good againft Lasks 
 and Fluxes either of Blood or Hu-* 
 mours. The Juice is good to be ap^ 
 plied to all foul Ulcers, 
 FLAME. 
 
 FlatJie or Fleam, is a fitiall Inftrii- 
 ment of fine Steel, compos'd of 2 oe 
 5 moveable Lancets for blooding 
 Horfes, and fometimes for making 
 Incifion. 
 
 flAndrins. 
 
 Flandr'mt are Horfes bred in FliH^ 
 ders, 
 
 !?LANKSo 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have little Flank^^ 
 to be forrily bodied, to be gaunt-belf 
 hed and thin-gmted, when his Flanks 
 
F L (228 
 
 turn up like a Greyhound, and his 
 Ribs are fl^t, narrow and fhort. 
 
 A well flank'd Horfe, is fuch a one 
 that has wide and well-made Ribs, 
 and a good Body. 
 
 If a Horfe has a full Flank, confi- 
 der if he have it not too large ; be- 
 caufe if it be too much fwallowed up, 
 that is, if over-againft that Part of 
 the Thioh, which is call'd the Stiffle, 
 the Flank fall too low, it is a great 
 Advance to Purfivenefs, efpeciaily if 
 the Horfe be not very young. 
 
 If the Horfe make a String or Cord 
 in breathing, which is, when in the 
 AA of Refpiration, he attrafts to him 
 the Skin of his Belly, where his Ribs 
 fail, fo that he makes as it were a 
 Channel or Groove all along them, it 
 is a Token that his Flank begins to 
 alter ; or at leaft, is a certain Sign 
 that the Horfe's Body has been over- 
 heated, that he has been fick, or will 
 in a fhort Time be fo. 
 FLAPS. 
 
 When a Horfe is faid to have the 
 fUpiy you may perceive his Lips to 
 be fweird on both fides of his Mouth ; 
 and that which is in the B ifters, is 
 like the White of an Egg. You muft 
 to cure it, cur fome Slafhes with a 
 Knife, and rub it once with Salt, and 
 it will cure. 
 
 FLAX. 
 
 Tlax Or fine Hurdt^ are common- 
 ly ufed in Pledgets, Tents and Dofii s, 
 to convey proper Remedies to 
 Wounds or Ulcers, and to fill up 
 all vacant Interftices and Spaces, which 
 fnight any ways hinder the reuniting 
 of the divided Part<^, bv caufinga too 
 great Afflux of the Matter toward 
 them. 
 
 The Kurds or Drefliings of Flav, 
 when clean'd from the Skins^ are 
 better than the Flax it felf, as it \s 
 more capable of being mideinto fuch 
 Porms as are necefiary for the Inten- 
 tions above mentione.''. 
 
 FLAX -WEE D. 
 
 ^laX'Weedox Toad- flax, are all the 
 
 ) 
 
 F L 
 
 Kinds of them of the fame Tempera- 
 ture with Snap-dragons : Are good to 
 provoke Urine, open Obflruftions and 
 Spleen, and agalnft Poifon, Ulcers 
 and the Yellows, as alfo agalnfl 
 cankerous Ulcers and Fiftula. 
 FLEA- WORT. 
 
 The Seed being fried, is good for 
 the Flux and Lask of the Belly. The 
 Seed is good in hot Agues and burn- 
 ning Fevers ; and in Difeafes of the 
 Breaft and Lungs, caufed by Heat ; 
 for Breakings out in the Skin and Im- 
 poflhumes. ' 
 
 DEAD FLESH. 
 
 Dead fie j}} is known by its Infen- 
 fibility, and partly that it is fpungy, 
 naughty and hollow; not fubftantial as 
 the true Flefh is, and is either of a 
 blackiOi or an high red Colour, 
 
 When any fuch dead Flefh grows 
 in any Wound, Ulcer or Sore, it mufl 
 be taken away j for the Sore will not 
 heal till it is cleanfed of the fame ; 
 which may be done as follows. 
 An Ointment to eat away dead 
 tlefl), and to heal the fame. 
 
 ' T^Vtoi Roche- Allnmytrdegreafe 
 ' and Vinegar, of each one ounce j 
 
 * and 2 ounces of common Honey ; 
 ' Honey cf Rofei 1 ounces ; and alfo 
 ' 2 drams of Sublimate, Reduce all 
 ' into a fine Powder, fet it on the 
 ' Fire, let it boil a few Waulins, 
 
 * keep it flirring ; when it is done, 
 ' put it up in a Galleypor, and cover 
 
 * ir clofe for ufe. Lay it to the Sore, 
 ' fpread ir upon Lint or fine Hurds, 
 ' and renew the Application once 
 ' a-day.' 
 
 Some ufe white or black Helle- 
 tore, Qnick-fulphur^ Litharge', ^jljes 
 of Avellan, Ink, Orp.ment, un- 
 flak'd Lime, Galls, Soot, Roche-AU 
 lam, of each half SiW ounce ; and 
 they will confume dead Flefh. Or, 
 
 6}«;Viy?;a;erextinft,3ndVerdegreafe, 
 of each like quantities made into pow- 
 der. And alfo the Juice of Borrage, 
 Dock, Fumitory and Scabious, of 
 each like quantities ; and a little old 
 
 Oil 
 
F L 
 
 ( 229 ) 
 
 F O 
 
 Oil and Vinegar boil'd together over 
 a gentle Fire, with a HttleTar added, 
 will eat away dead FleQi. 
 
 Some lay to the Sore Cantharides 
 Ox-dang and Vinegar mixed together. 
 
 Others porunce the Sore with a 
 Razor ; and then anoint it with 
 Greafe^ and ftrew a good quantity of 
 Orpiment upon it. 
 
 Others firft wa(h the Sore with 
 ftrong Vinegary with a little Viiriol 
 2ktiAAllHW, and then XdktVerdegreafe^ 
 of each half an ounce ; ofunflak'd 
 Ltmezni. Tartar^ of each an ounce ; 
 and having mixM them together, drefs 
 the Sore with it. 
 
 Others beat 5^//, unflak'd Lime 
 avidOi/ier-fhsUs together, with ftrong 
 Lye or old Urine^ till it come to be a 
 Pafte ; then they bake it in an Oven, 
 and afterwards reduce it to Powder, 
 and ftrew it upon the Sore. 
 
 Others wafli the Sore in Ale, in 
 which Nettle-feeds have been boiled, 
 and then ftrew powder of Vtrdegreafe 
 upon it. 
 
 TO KEEP FLIES FROM A HOR- 
 SE'S HEAD. 
 
 ' Anoint the Horfe's Head wiih 
 
 * Oil and Bay-berries mingled toge- 
 < ther ; or rub his Head all over in 
 
 * Water in which Rue has been fteep- 
 
 * ed, having been firft bruifed •, or a- 
 
 * noint round his Eyes with Linfeed- 
 
 * oily or in Water wherein Devils- 
 
 * dung has been diflolved, or the 
 
 * Water in which bruifed Ivy Leaves 
 
 * have been fteeped ; or Pellirory of 
 ' Spain^ and it will keep them a- 
 ' way.* 
 
 TO FLING. 
 
 To Hing^ is the fiery, obftinate 
 Action of an unruly Horfe. To fiing 
 like a. Cow, is to raife only one Leg, 
 and to gise a Blow with it. 
 FLl X- WEED. 
 
 Flix-weed is good for Lasks and 
 bloody Fluxes, and all forts of Wx- 
 morrhages \ for Sores and purrified 
 Ulcers, 
 
 FLOKES. 
 
 Flokes or Shuvmgs of Cloth, are 
 chiefly ufedinfpreading over Plafters, 
 which are applied w^arm out of the 
 Veflel, to the Part affefted ; which is 
 accounted a much better way than 
 fpreading upon Leather or flaxen 
 Cloth. They ought to be laid on ve- 
 ry thick, that nothing elfe, as Hay or 
 Straw, c^r. may ftick to it, or pull off 
 any part of it ^ and the nearer they 
 are to the Colour of the Horfe, the 
 handfomer they appear. 
 
 FLOWER DE-LUCE. 
 Tlower de-Luce purges Choler and 
 tough Phlegm ; is good for the Dropfy 
 and Yellows, and all forts of Haemor- 
 rhages ; provokes Urine, and is good 
 for the Cholick, Ulcers, and Fiftulas, * 
 FLUELLIN. 
 Fluellin or Luellin is a good Af^ 
 tringenr, and is profitable in hot 
 Swelling*, Wound?, Ulcers and Can- 
 kers 3 and for a Lask and bloodyFluT. 
 TO FLY. 
 A Horfe is faid to fly the Heels, 
 when he obeys the Spurs. 
 FOAL. 
 Foals fhould run with their Dams 
 at le^ft a full Year, and if they be 
 choice Ones, two Years will be better 9 
 the Advantage the Foal will receive, 
 will make amends for the want of the 
 Ufe of the Mare. 
 
 But you may wean him at fewen 
 Months 5 but then be fure to keep 
 them well, for they w:ll hardly gain 
 in 3 Years after, what they lofe the 
 firft. 
 
 At the weaning give the Colt 5^- 
 z'in and tuner for feveral Mornings, 
 or elfe it will be in danger of being 
 deftroyed by the Worm and OargiU 
 Alfo beware of the Strangle, for ft is 
 apt to infeft a Foal, and if not taken 
 in time will d^ ftroy ir. 
 
 The firft Winter be not fparing of 
 
 Hay or Corn, that is, Oats in the 
 
 Chaff or in the Sheaf. Or give him 
 
 <l 3 any 
 
230 
 
 F O ( 
 
 any OfFal that comes from any Grain 
 whatfoever. 
 
 When you wean your ordinary 
 Poals, at the Age of 7 Months, your 
 better at a Year or two, let them not 
 be within the hearing of one another. 
 And keep them very high the fecond 
 Year ; but the third and fourthj put 
 fihem to hard Grazing. 
 
 Sclleyfell fays. That whereas many 
 are of opinion, that Foa'.s fhouM fuck 
 t'lW they are a Year or two old ; it is 
 an Error, for it makes them dull and 
 ill-fhaped. 
 
 He advifes to wean Poals the be- 
 ginning of the Winter, when ft be- 
 gins to grow cold, about the middle 
 o^ November. That when they are 
 put in the Stable, it fliould be warm 
 and dean, provided with Racks and 
 Mangers, pretty loiv fet ; they Hiou'd 
 be allowed good (lore of Litter, and 
 (land together untied. That they 
 fhould be handled as little as poflible, 
 while they are fo very young, for 
 fear of hurting them ; ih.it they fhoi:ld 
 be fed with good Hay and Wheat- 
 brsn, which will canfe them to drink 
 heartily, and fo'make them have a 
 good Belly. 
 
 He obfetves, That Foals fed with 
 Grain, as he has ordered, do not 
 
 trow fo high upon their Leas, but 
 ecoms broader and better knit than 
 if they had eaten nothing but Hay 
 and Bran, and are more fie for fervice, 
 and to endure Fatigue. 
 
 When ihe Weather is good^ to 
 drive them out into fome Court or 
 inclofed Place, where they may have 
 ^he Sun and Air, and room to play, 
 ilnd to put them ip grafs about the 
 J^nd of May^ or as foon as there \s e- 
 nough in any of the Inclofures to feed 
 them. 
 
 At the End of the Year about the 
 fame Seafon, he advifes to take them 
 up again, they being then about a 
 Tear arjd a half old ; and to put them 
 ^mo the Stable again, and to lie ihcai 
 
 ) F o 
 
 as the reft of the Horfes, and to make 
 them as gentle and familiar as pofH- 
 ble. The next Summer when 
 they are 2 Years old, to put them to 
 Grafs again, where they Diould have 
 a Lodge to retire into in the Heat of 
 the Day. Or elfe you may keep 
 them ftill in the Stable, that they 
 may be the m.ore fit for barkmg ; but 
 they fliould never be bock'd till they 
 are full 3 Years old at lead. 
 
 It will be good to houfe Foals 
 every Winter, and to put them to 
 Grafs all Sum.m-er, till they be paft 
 3 Years old, which will render them 
 the ftronger to endure Fatigue. 
 
 That it m.atters not much what 
 kind of Paftures they are put into, if 
 it be but dry, and have a WAtering- 
 place in it ; for if they can fill iheir 
 Bellies once in- 24 Hours, it is 
 enough. 
 
 Nor is it any matter to feek after 
 Diverfity of Failures, as many do 5 
 as rocky, mountainous, meadowy, or 
 level ; for provided you can but 
 have the Ccnveniency of feparating 
 thofe of a Year old from thole of 2 
 or 3, and Co of the reft, you may 
 feed them as you pleafe ; yea, that 
 a Man may bring up a very fine 
 Horfc in his Court : and that the 
 Barbs, Turks y Neapolilans, and Spa- 
 n'^ft) Horfes are fo fine, nervous, and 
 fo free from fuperfluous Flefli, of fo 
 delicate Size, and fo well propor- 
 tion'd, is, becaufe they are brought 
 up in a hot Climate, and with a dry 
 kind of Food. 
 
 Tne Secret then of rightly bring- 
 ing up Horfes in a cold Countr)', 
 confifts in nothing elfe but keeping 
 them warm in the Winter, and feed- 
 ing them wi;h a dry kind of 
 Food, and in turning them out ia 
 Summer to dry Paftures, See Colt, 
 FOE NU GREEK. 
 
 Foenugrcek is much ufed to Horfes, 
 and agrees yery well with their ro- 
 buft Conftitutions, It abounds with 
 
F O 
 
 C231 ) 
 
 F O 
 
 a mucilaginous Juice, by which it fof- 
 tens and heals invvaid Sores, loofens 
 the Body, and is very ferviceable in all 
 broken-winded, confumptive Cafes. 
 It is alfo ufed outwardly, and is very 
 good for difcuding, ripenini^ and di- 
 gefting Tumours, and the Decodlion 
 of it is ufeful in emollient Clyfters. 
 F O M E N T A T 1 ON. 
 
 Fomentation h a fort of partial 
 Bathing, call'd alfo ftuping •, which is 
 applying hot Flanels to any Part, dip- 
 ped in medicated Decodions, where- 
 by the Steams breathe into the Parts, 
 and difcufs obflrrufted Plumours. 
 FOOT. 
 
 The Foot of a Horfe is the Extre- 
 mity of the Leg from the Cronet to 
 the lower Part of the Hoof. 
 
 The 4 Feet are diftinizuifhed by 4 
 different Names. The 2 Fore-feet 
 are by fome call'd the Hands of a 
 Horfe; but that Term is now out of 
 ufe. The common Term is the Far- 
 fore-foot, to denote the right Foot 
 before \ and the Near-fore-(oot, the 
 Stirrup-foot, and the Bridle-hand- 
 foot, to denote the left Foot before. 
 
 Of the two Hinder-feet, the right 
 is called the Far-hind-foot 5 and when 
 Spears were in ufe, it was called the 
 Spear-foot ; becaufe in reding the 
 Spear, the Socket of it anfwered the 
 Right foot. 
 
 The left Hind-foot is called the 
 Nearrfoot behind 
 
 FAT FOOT. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have a fat Fjot, 
 that the Hough is fo thin and weak, 
 that there is greac Danger of his be- 
 ing prickM in the Shoeing, except 
 the Nails be driven very fhorr. 
 
 The Foot of a Horfe is faid to be 
 robb'd or ftolen, when it is worn and 
 wafted by G,oing without Shoes ; fo 
 that it is difficult to fhoe him for v»rant 
 of a Hough. 
 
 The Foot of a Horfe is faid to be 
 worn or wafted, when he has but lit- 
 
 tle Hough, and not enough for ShocT 
 ing. 
 
 TO SKIN A SORE FOOT. 
 Anoint the fore Foot every day 
 with Turpentine, and it wiil not only 
 gather Skin, but Hough alfo. Alfo 
 •white Lead and Train-oil beaten toge- 
 ther will do the like. 
 FOR A STQB, or OTHER HURT 
 IN OR ABOUT THE FOOT. 
 Boil Bees-wax^ Pitch, Hogs-grcafc 
 and Turpentine together in an ear- 
 then VefTel, not putting \n the Tur- 
 pentine till a little before you take it 
 off the Fire ; clean the Wound, and 
 pour it in fcaldlng hot. Dip Hurds 
 or Tow in ir, and ftuflf the place 
 hurt with it, and it will heal it in a 
 fhort time. 
 
 FOOT-FOUNDERING. 
 The Horfe will fet th-u Foot which 
 is founder'd before the other. 
 
 The Cure. Pare the Hough down 
 to the Quick ; if it does bleed, it is 
 no great matter ; then fet on the 
 Shoe very hollov/. Then make a 
 pretty thick Cake of Flax or Tow, 
 and upon it fpread Venice Turpen- 
 tine 2i good thicknefs, and lay it all 
 over the bottom of the Hough, and 
 put a piece of the upper Leather of 
 a Shoe to keep it in. Renew this 
 Application at the end of 3 days. If 
 the Foot grow again, pare him to the 
 Quick again, and lay on a new 
 Plafter every third d:^y, till you find 
 he ooes better. 
 
 Let the Horfe run in low Ground'-, 
 This Plafter will exceedingly draw 
 down the Humours. Continue this 
 for a Month, or a little more, and it 
 will cure him perfeftly, if he has not 
 been founder'd too long. 
 
 You may alfo, in order to forward 
 the Cure, let him blood at the Toes ; 
 He ought not to so in a dirty place. 
 FOUNDERED. 
 Befcription and Caufe. Founder- 
 ing, Solleyfeli fays, is a Khewnatiftn^ 
 0.4 04- 
 
F O 
 
 r 
 
 br preter-natural Defluxion of Pnarp 
 and acid Humours, which are fre- 
 quently mixed with Phlegm. This 
 Defluxion is fometiir.es caufed by a 
 Defeft or Stoppage of Tranfpiration, 
 and frequently by a fuddtn Suppref- 
 fion of a plentiful Sweat ; which be- 
 ing fpread thro' the whole Habit of 
 the Body, caufes violent Pains and 
 UnweildinefTes, or Unfitnefs for Mo- 
 lion j fo that the Legs cannot per- 
 form their ufual Offices without Pain 
 and Difficulty. 
 
 Foundering is of two forts : The 
 firft kind is caufed by violent Exer- 
 cife, and riding a Horfe from his 
 Wind, and beyond his Strength. 
 
 The fecond kind of Foundering 
 that feizss on a Horfe in the Stable, 
 is causM either by eating too great a 
 quantity of Oats, or by reafon of ihe 
 Pain which lanne Horfes ufually fuf- 
 fer. This is more hard to cure than 
 ihe former. 
 
 Another fort of Foundering ufually 
 feizes on Horfes in the Army, by 
 reafon of their eating green Corn ; 
 but this may be cured by Bleeding, or 
 fome trivial Remedy, and that in 24. 
 Hours time. 
 
 When Foundering; falls upon the 
 Feet, the Cronet fwells, and is fepa- 
 rated from the Hough. 
 
 Cure, You muft endeavour to 
 prevent the Humours which fpread 
 thro' the Sinevv's of the Legs, from 
 falling upon the Feet ; for that De- 
 fluxion either loofens the Hough, 
 fpoils the Bone of the Foot, or makes 
 the Feet irrecoverably feeb'e and lame. 
 
 In the firft place, bleed the Horfe 
 in the Neck, receive the Blood into 
 an earthen Pan, mix it with a pint 
 of Brandy^ and charge his wiiole 
 3-egs to the Hough, Then pour 
 boihng hot Oil of Bay into bis Feet, 
 with FlaA: and Splents to keep it in ; 
 and apply the fame round the Cro- 
 net, with Flax and a Bandage. 
 
 Half an hi>ui- after you have done 
 
 232 ) F o 
 
 this, give the Horfe 4 ounces of 
 good Treacle^ and as much Salt of 
 Tartar^ in a quart of Wine, and 
 keep him two Hours on the Bridle, 
 without ftirring him from his place. 
 Afterwards give him a Clyfler with 2 
 ounces of Sal Polychreflum^ and 
 another 2 hours after. An hour af- 
 ter the fecond Clyfter, unbridle him, 
 and give him Bran and Straw to ear, 
 and white Water to drink, and don't 
 futFer him to lie down for 48 hours. 
 Renew the Application of Oil of Bay 
 to his Feet every 10 hours ; and if he 
 be not found, the next day repeat the 
 Potion and Clyfters, but not the 
 Bleeding, 
 
 Another Remedy* 
 
 As foon as you perceive your Horfe 
 to be founder'd, bring him to the 
 Bank of a River, and open the Neck- 
 vein, flackening the Cord, that he 
 may not bleed. Then lead him into 
 the Water, up to the Middle of his 
 Belly, and ftraiten the Cord till the 
 Blood iffue out ; and when he has 
 bled about 4 pounds, flacken it a- 
 gain, and keep him in the Water half 
 an Hour, after the Blood is ftopped. 
 
 When you hav6 brought him into 
 the Stable, fluff his Fore-feet with 
 boil'd Barley apply'd hot, with Splents 
 to keep it in ; and give him the fol- 
 lowing Potion : 
 
 *■ Cut 6 large white Onions into 
 ' Slices, and boil them in a quart 
 
 * and half a pint of Wine 5 then 
 
 * ftrain out the Decoction, and 
 ' fqueeze the Onions very hard, and 
 ' put it to 2 ounces of Ajfa Toetida 
 
 * powdered, and give the Horfe the 
 ' whole to drink.' 
 
 About an Hour after, give him 
 the following Clyfter : 
 
 * Beat 2 ounces of the Scoria of 
 ^ Liver of Antimony to pov!deY] and 
 ' boil it in 5 pints of Beer, giving it 
 
 * but one Wauiin before you take it 
 ' from the Fire, and put in a piece 
 ' of frefh Butter, about the bignefs 
 
 I * of 
 
F O (2 
 
 ' of an Egg, and injeft the Clyfter 
 < lukewarm.' 
 
 Let the Horfe ftand upon the Bri- 
 dle, till an Hour after he has ejedted 
 the Clyfter, and then give him ano- 
 ther, and ftop his Feet with frefh 
 Barley, as before. Then unbridle 
 him, and give him molftened Bran 
 and Straw to ear, and white Water 
 to drink. Litter him well, and fuf- 
 fer him not to lie down for the fpace 
 of 48 Hours •, and afterwards repeat 
 the Clyfters, and apply more hot 
 Barley to his Feer, from time to time. 
 Another Remedy, 
 
 But to all other Remedies, Solley- 
 fell prefers the Stinking Pills, which 
 he ufes after the following manner : 
 
 He caufes the Horfe to be let blood, 
 and all his 4 Legs to be rubbed with 
 his own Blood mix'd with Brandy, 
 and boiling Oil of Bay to be poured 
 into his Feet ; and alfo to be apply'd 
 moderately hot about the Croner, 
 with;FIaxandaBandage. HalfanHour 
 after he has been blooded, he gives 
 him 2 Stinking Pills^ with a quart of 
 Wine or Beer, if it be in the Summer- 
 time, and repeats the fame Dofe an 
 Hour after. And alfo a third time, 
 an Hour after the fecond. And an 
 Hour after he has taken the third 
 Dofe, he gives him a Clyfter of the 
 Decodion of the Scoria ot Liver of 
 Antimon's^ or Sal P-lychrejinm^ in 
 Beer or Whey ; and after he has ejeft- 
 ed the Clyfter, fufifers him to eat and 
 drink • but does not permit him to 
 lie down till he is out of danger. 
 
 When the Pills are given m the 
 Morning, the Horfe \s ufually cured 
 before Night ; but if not, he gives 
 him the 3 Dofes as before, and the 
 next Day repeats the Clyfter?, and 
 renews the Application of the Oil of 
 Bay, This he continues to do, till 
 the Horfe is completely cured : And 
 adds, that he has given to feme Hor- 
 fes ^o Pills in 4 Days. 
 
 AUer a violent Foundering there 
 
 33 ) F o . 
 
 oftentimes remains a certain Numb- 
 nefs, StifFnefs and Unwieldinefs, which 
 may be removed by walking the Horfe 
 gently, and injeding 2 or 3 Clyfters 
 every Day, with Scori<& of Liver of 
 Antimony, or Sal Polychre/lum ; but 
 thofe Horfes are ape to be foundered 
 upon the leaft Excefs. 
 
 A Horfe muft not be fufFered to 
 eat Corn for fome time after the Cure 
 of this Diftemper, till he be fully re- 
 covered : for eating of Oats, has of- 
 tentimes caufed a Relapfe into a worfe 
 Condition than before. 
 
 As for the fick Horfe, when he 
 perceives any confiderable Amend- 
 ment, he fufifers him to lie down, 
 and that fometimes is in iefs than 6 
 Hours : But if the Cure proceeds 
 more flowly, as it commonly does 
 when the Foundering is inveterate, 
 or attended with a Fever, then he 
 does not permit him to lie down 
 for 48 Hours; and after that time, 
 the Pofture cannot obftrud the 
 Cure, 
 
 He highly difapproves the Pradice 
 of bleeding a Horfe in the Veins of 
 the Thighs ; becaufe the Humour 
 that caufes the Foundering, is by ^hzt 
 means drawn to the Part afted^ed, in- 
 ftead of being diverted from it ; 
 whereas bleeding in the Neck, eftec- 
 tually caufes a Divcrfion. 
 
 And as for letting the Horfe blood 
 in the Toe, that is a more dangerous 
 Error ; for by that means the Ha- 
 mour is drawn to the Foe, from 
 whence it ought to be diverted, by all 
 means poflible, 
 
 PAINS IN THE FEET AFTER 
 FOUNDERING. 
 
 The Pains that oftentimes remain 
 after Foundering, hinder the Horfe 
 from walking fteadily, and from fet- 
 ting his Foot flat upon the Ground ; 
 for he treads only upon his Heel to 
 eafe his Toes. 
 
 The Humour that caufed the Foun- 
 dering, falls down from ihe Les, and 
 
 ^ Hides 
 
Sol 
 
 F o r 234 ) 
 
 Aides between the Bone of the Foot very inveterate, 
 
 and the Hoof; and the natural Heat 
 
 being as it were ftifled by the (harp 
 
 Humour, the fore-part of the Foot is 
 
 deprived of its appointed Share of 
 
 Nourifhment, and of confequence is 
 
 dry'd, harden'd and weaken'd. 
 
 The End of the Bone next to the 
 Toe, falls down upon the Sole and 
 fhrinks 5 fo that it muft neceflarily be 
 feparated from the found Part of the 
 Bone. 
 
 If aHorfe treads only on his Heels, 
 fo that you have reafon to think that 
 the fore-part of the Foot is withered 
 or dried up : And if you perceive it to 
 be hollow, by knocking upon the 
 Hoof, p'uck off the Shoe, and pare 
 the Foot a little, and fet on a pan- 
 toffle Shoe. 
 
 When a Horfe is fhod in this Con- 
 dition, the Sole muft always be left 
 as firm as may be ; for the Succefs of 
 the Cure depends chiefly upon that, 
 and on the fUling away of the dry 
 part of the Bone, which m.iy alfo be 
 promoted by the ufe of the following 
 Decoftion. 
 
 If a Horfe be troubled with Pains 
 of the 
 
 F O 
 
 the Horfe will cei. 
 tainly recover. 
 
 If the fore-part of the Bone of the 
 Foot is dried and falls down upon the 
 «^-'- it will be very good to :ake up 
 
 in his Feet without any Signs 
 Drynefs or Separation of the Bone, 
 then you need only pare the Feet, and 
 fet on very eafy Shoes, and apply the 
 following Decoftion : 
 
 The VecoH'wn: 
 ' Take a quart of Brandy, a pint 
 
 * and half of ftrong Vinegar, and a 
 ' pound of Oil of Bay ; put to it a 
 
 < fufEcient quantity of Bean-flower, 
 
 * to the Confiftency of a thick Broth, 
 
 * keep it ftirring continually, while it 
 
 * is upon the Fire. 
 
 « Then pour it boiling hot into the 
 
 * Foor, and lay on the Tow and 
 f Splints to keep it in, and as focn as 
 ^ the Broth is grown fo cool, that 
 
 < you can bear to put your Hand in 
 ' it, apply it to the Cronet with Tow.' 
 Kepeat this Application 3 times every 
 24 Hours 5 and if the Pains be not 
 
 the Pa(iern-Fein, after the Broth hath 
 been applied, the fooner, to exhauft 
 the Humour that is carried to the Foot 
 with the Blood. 
 
 If the Foot be Co extremely (hrunk 
 and dried up that the Horfe cannot 
 go nor fcarce ftand, then you muft 
 take out the Sole, and fear the End 
 of the Bone of the Foor, fuffering it 
 to fall quite away, and the Sole will 
 grow again, and the Horfe may re- 
 cover if you fet on a Pantoffle Shoe, 
 and let the Foot have time to gather 
 Strength j but you muft not expeft 
 that it will be ever good, handfome, 
 or fit for fervice, 
 
 Mr. Markham fays, A Horfe is 
 faid to be foundred in his Feet, when 
 he has fuch a Numbnefs, pricking 
 and rin;>ing within his Hoofs, that he 
 has neither fenfe nor feeling in his 
 Feet ; juft like a Man whofe Feet are 
 fcid to be afleep, by hard and crook- 
 ed Sitting. 
 
 It comes moft commonly when a 
 Horfe is vety far, and has his Greafe 
 molten in him, and then is fuddenly 
 cool'd by the Saddle being taken off 
 too foon, and by ftanding ftill in the 
 Cold, or by letting him ftand in fome 
 Qiallow Water, a little higher than 
 his Fetlock. 
 
 A Horfe alfo may be foundered by 
 wearing ftrait Shoes, efpecially in the 
 Summer Seafon, when a Horfe tra- 
 vels upon the hard Ground. 
 
 The Signs, The Signs to know k 
 by are thefe : The Horfe goes crouch- 
 ins, and drawing his Fore-feet within 
 the Compafs of ^almoft half a Peck, 
 and will ftand fo timoroufly, as tho 
 he ftood upon Needles. 
 
 Sometimes a Horfe will be found- 
 dred in his Fore-feet and not in his 
 hinder Ones, which may be known 
 
 by 
 
F E (2 
 
 by bis treading only on his hinder 
 Feer, and not on his Fore-feer, and 
 will go as tho his Buttocks would 
 touch the Ground ; and fometimes he 
 will be foundered on his Hinder-Teer, 
 and not on his Fore-feet. And this 
 may be perceived by his Fearfulnefs 
 to fet his Feet upon the Ground ; be- 
 ing always fo weak behind, that he 
 will ftand quivering and quaking, and 
 continually be deHrous to lie down. 
 And fometimes he will befoundred in 
 all bis four Feer. The Cure of all is 
 much the fame. 
 
 The Cure, Some direft. That If 
 the Horfe be foundred in his Fore-feet, 
 (0 bleed him in the 2 Breaft-veins of 
 his Fore-legs, fomewhat above the 
 Knees, and a'.fo in the two Spur- 
 veins, and the Veins of the 2 hinder 
 Feet, a little above the Hoof, be- 
 tween the Hoof and the Paftern ; 
 taking from thefe Veins a quart or 3 
 pints of Blood, which \% to be faved 
 in a VefTel, and ftirred with a Stick, 
 to keep it from clearing ; and being 
 put all into one Veffel, ftop the 
 Wounds with fome Horfedung, and 
 make a Charge with the Blood as fol- 
 lovverh; 
 
 ' Put to the Blood as much Wheat- 
 * meal. Bran and all, as will make 
 ^ the Blood fomewhat thick ; and 
 
 35 ) 
 
 F E 
 
 or 10 Eggs into the Blood, 
 
 !s and all r rjnr! ntn- in a1^ 
 
 ' break 
 
 ^ Shells and all ; and put m aJio a 
 
 * a pint of ftrong Vinegar, and a 
 ' good quantity of Bole-Armor/iacl^ 
 
 * powdered : (iir them together, and 
 ' lay them for a Charge ail along up- 
 
 * on the Reins of the Horfe's Back, 
 ' upon his Buttocks, and down his 
 ' Shoulders. When this Charge is 
 
 thus laid on, dip two long Tinen 
 Rags in the fame Charge, and gar- 
 ter the Horfe above the Knees of 
 
 * his Fore- legs pretty hard, and do 
 ^ the like by" his hinder Legs ; then 
 ' walk the Horfe upon the hardeft 
 
 * Ground you can find for 2 or 3 
 ' Hour?, forcing him to go by one 
 
 ' beating him forward with a Stick or 
 
 * Wand. If he goes unwillingly,then 
 
 * tie him up to the P^ack, fo that he 
 ' may not lie down for 2 or 3 Hours; 
 ' then walk him about again for 5 
 
 * Hours more, and then put him up 
 
 * in the Stable, and let him (ttd ; 
 ' and 2 or 2 Hours after his feeding, 
 
 * you may give him Drink, which 
 
 * muft be a v;arm Mafh of Malt and 
 
 * Water ; and then let him feed a 
 ' little after, and then ride him a lit- 
 
 * tie ; and it will alfo be good to let 
 
 * him ftand an Hour or two in a 
 ' ftandingPool of Water up to the 
 < Belly, having one upon his Back, 
 
 * and after that to ride him a little 
 
 * again, then to fet him up in the 
 ' Stable, to drefs him and cover him, 
 ' and (o by little and little to ride 
 ' him a day or two ; and then you 
 ' may venture to ride him a Journey 5 
 
 * for it is riding that brings the 
 « Horfe to the perfeft Ufe of his 
 
 During the Cure, you need not 
 remove or ftir his Shoes, and in 24 
 Hours, you muft rub the Charge 
 from his Back, and after 12 Hours 
 take oft his Garters, and rub his 
 Knees and Houghs with your Hand 
 and a Wifp, to take away the Numb- 
 nefs. 
 
 If the Horfe will not bleed in the 
 Veins before-mentioned, then you 
 may bleed him in the Neck-vein. 
 
 If you begin the Cure of the Horfe 
 within 24 Hours after he is iirft 
 foundered, he will be found again in 
 24 Hours after, and if he be let alone 
 longer, the Cure will be longer per- 
 forming. 
 
 The antient Farriers and Italians^ 
 did not much differ in their Method 
 of Cure, from that lad recited j only 
 in the Charge, they added half a 
 quartern of Sanguis Draconis, and 
 as much Bean-flour as Wheat-flour 5 
 and half a pound of Turpentine. 
 
 And if the Horfe did not recover 
 
 in 
 
F O 
 
 ( 
 
 in 4 Days, they concluded, That the 
 noxious Humours lay only in the 
 Horfe's Feet, and therefore fearchsd 
 his Feet with Buttrefles, paring the 
 Soles of his Feet (6 thin, that they 
 could fee the Water ilTue thro' the 
 Sole. Then they bled him well at 
 the Toes, and {topped the Veins 
 with Turpentine and Hogs-greafe 
 melted together, put upon Flax, and 
 fattened to his Shoes. Then they 
 cramm'd the Place where they let him 
 blood, hard with Tow, to ftop it 
 well, and ftuff'd his Feet with Hogs- 
 Sreafe and Bran boiled or fry'd toge- 
 ther, as hot as it could be done ; and 
 put a piece of Leather upon the flop- 
 ping, and 2 crofs Splents upon the 
 Leather : and having beaten 2 Eggs 
 in a DiQi, and made it thick with 
 Bole-armoniack and Bean -flower, 
 they made 2 P'afters big enough to 
 clofe the Foot round fomewhat above 
 the Cronet, and bound it fall with 
 a Lift or Roller, and kept it on for 
 2 Days. 
 
 But they clerinfed and (lopped the 
 Soles of his Feet once a-day, and re- 
 newing the Plafters on the Cronets 
 every 2 Day?, till the Horfe \vas 
 well. During which time, he was 
 not walk'd for fear of loofening his 
 Hoofs ; but if he began to mend, 
 they walked him foftly once a-day 
 upon foft Ground, to exercife his 
 Feet and Legs •, hut did not fuffer 
 him to eat much, or drink cold Wa- 
 ter. 
 
 But if his FcLindering broke out 
 above the Hoof, which m'ght be 
 perceived by the loofcnefs of the 
 CofKn above the Crone', then they 
 pared all the fore Part of the Sole 
 clean away, leaving the Heels who'e, 
 that the Humours might have the 
 freer Paffage downwards ; and then 
 they flopped him, and dreffed him 
 above the Cronet. 
 
 If the Horfe chanced to fall flck 
 during the Cure, or grow dry in his 
 
 236 ) F O 
 
 Body fo that he could not dung, then 
 they firfl raked him, and afterwards 
 gave him a Clyfler of xMallows, by 
 boiling 3 handfuls ofthem in 2 quarts 
 of Water till it came to one \ and 
 put to the drained Decoiftion, half a 
 pound of Butter, and a quarter of a 
 pint of Sallet-oil : And when the 
 Horfe had voided the Clyfter, they 
 gave him the following comfortable 
 Drink. They put a little Cinnamon, ' 
 Mace and Pepper powdered, into a j 
 quart of Malmfey, and a quarter of j 
 a pint of Oil, all being made luke- 
 warm. Then they walked him a 
 good while, and afterwards tied him 
 up to the Rack, and hanged him with 
 Canvafs and Ropes, fo that he might 
 ftand upon the Ground, becaufe the 
 lefs he lies down the better. 
 
 Some only take Hogi-greafe^ Sallei- 
 oil. Turpentine and Verdepeafe, of 
 each a like quantity ; and an ounce 
 of Wax; and having boiled all toge- 
 ther, dip Flax or Tow in it, and ha- 
 ving pared theHorfe's Feet thin, and 
 let him blood in the Toes, they ftop 
 all his Feet with that Ointmeut very 
 hot. Or elfe they take Hemlock and 
 Nettle-roots, and Elder Peelings, of 
 each a handful ; and having boil'd 
 them in Boars-^reafe or Hogi-lard^ 
 they bleed the Horfe in the midft of the 
 Foot on the Toe- vein, and bathe and 
 chafe his Joint and Leg with it all a- 
 bout,rrom his Knee to his Fetlock,and 
 then clap it to, and bind a Cloth faft 
 to it as hot as it can be borne. This 
 they do once a-day till the Horfe is 
 well. 
 
 But Mr. Markham, tho he approves 
 of ihefe, prefers the following Me- 
 thod : 
 
 Fiift with a very fharp drawing 
 Knife, (becaufe it can hardly be done 
 w.th a Buttrefs) draw every part of 
 the Soles of the Hoife's Feet as thin as 
 can be, even till the Water and B'ood 
 iflue out, and at the very fharp End 
 of the Horfe's Foot, you W-H fee ^ 
 
 Vein. 
 
F O (137 
 
 Vein. Then lift up tl»e Hoof with 
 the (harp End of the Knife, and let 
 the Vein bleed J (which will fpin out a 
 great way, as long as the Hoof is held 
 open) and when it has bled a little 
 above a pint, to dofe the Hoof, and 
 flop the Vein. 
 
 Then to tack a hollow Shoe, (made 
 for that Purpofe} on his Foot, and 
 then to dip Tow in Hogs-greafe and 
 turpentine, and clap it upon the Vein 
 very hard. Then having 2 or 3 Eggs 
 roafted hard, to take them burning 
 hot of the Fire, and burft them in the 
 Sole of the Horfe's Foot j then to 
 pour upon them boiling hot Hogs- 
 grcafe, Turpentine and Tar, and to 
 pur in as much Flax as will fill up the 
 hollow Shoe, and then to lay over it 
 a piece of Leather, to keep all the 
 reft in, and to fplenr nh^e. 
 
 After the fame manner all the Hor- 
 {t^s four Feet are to be drefs'd, if they 
 be all foundredj or (o many as are 
 foundred only. Repeat the Drefling 
 3 Times in a Fortnight, and the 
 Horfe will be as found as ever. 
 
 If the Horfe is foundred by the 
 ftraitnefs of a Shoe, which indeed is 
 rather a Frettize^ which is a Degree 
 lefs than foundring ; then firft take 
 off his Shoe, and bleed him on the 
 Toe, and ftopthe Place with bruifed 
 Sage, and tack on the Shoe again, and 
 ftop it with Hogs-greafe and Bran 
 boiled together, as hot as poflible. 
 And do this twice in one Fortnight, 
 and it will help him. 
 
 Sir William Hope advifes. That 
 when the Foundering falls upon the 
 Feet, fo that the Cronet fwells and is 
 fepaiated from the Hoof, that as foon 
 as ever you perceive thcfe Sign<:, to 
 make feveral Incifions with a fharp 
 Lancet, lengthwife along the Cronet, 
 piercing; the Skin to open a PafTage 
 for the Humour, which will iflue out 
 like a reddidi Wner. 
 
 Then to apply an aftringent Charge 
 made of Bole Armoiintck^ Vinegar and 
 
 ) 
 
 F O 
 
 Whites of Eggs, or unflak'd Lime^ f^t 
 in a convenient Place till it crumble 
 to Powder ; and having reduc'd it to 
 a Pafte with the fecond Water and 
 Spirit of Wine, to drefs the Sores 
 with Vinegar and Salt, (which will 
 prevent the Humour from loofening 
 the Hoof) which it will be apt to do 
 without fome Care to prevent it. 
 
 The Sole muft not be taken out, 
 till the dry and faplefs Part of the 
 Bone be ready to fall, that is, till it 
 burft the Sole. 
 
 When you perceive that the Foun- 
 dering is fallen upon the Feet, and 
 that the Bone of the Foot prefTes the 
 Sole, you muft defer the taking out 
 of the Sole as long as you can, and 
 endeavour to preferve \t, that it may 
 contain the Bone of the Foot in its 
 proper Place, You muft not open 
 the Heel, but rub the Hoof near the 
 Cronet, with a quarter of an Onion 
 every Day, till the Juice penetrate the 
 Hoof. 
 
 But for the moft part, afloonasthe 
 Foundering falls upon the Feet, and 
 the Bone of the Foot appears to be 
 dry'd, you may accounr the Horfe 
 intirely loft, or unfit for any Ser- 
 vice, unlefs for labouring on {oil 
 Ground. 
 
 FOREHEAD. 
 
 Solleyfell fays. That the Forehead 
 or Brow of a Horfe, fhould befome- 
 what broad ; and fome approve it 
 not altogether flat, but s little raifed ; 
 becaufe they think it makes a Horfe 
 look more bold and ftately. But he is 
 of opinion, a flat Forehead is moft 
 beauriful. 
 
 Horfes that are call'd Difh-faced, 
 have the fore-part of their Head from 
 a little below their Eyes, to the Place 
 where the Nofe-band of the Bridle 
 refts, a little low and hollow. Such 
 Horfes are commonly durable 5 but 
 very often ftubborn and ill-natur'd. 
 
 All the fore-part of the Flead in ge- 
 neral, ftiould be narrow, contraiy to 
 
 that 
 
F O 
 
 ( 238 ) 
 
 F R 
 
 that in Men : for if it were too broad, 
 it would be an Imperfeftion. 
 
 A Horfe fhould have in his Fore- 
 head a Feather, which is a natural 
 Frizzling, or rather Turning of the 
 Hair, which forms as it were a Cen- 
 tre, from whence the reft of the 
 neighbouring Hair proceeds. 
 
 If he has 2 of them, one near the 
 other, or that touches the other, the 
 Mark is fo much the better. 
 
 Some Perfons are of opinion, That 
 if the Feather be above the Eyes, it is 
 a fign of a ftrong Sight ; but if be- 
 Jow, of a weak Sight. But Experi- 
 ence fhews the Uncertainty of this 
 Obfervation. 
 
 If a Horfe be not white or dappled, 
 or approaching to the Colours, he 
 ought to have a Star or Blaze in his 
 Jorehead. It is for the moft part a 
 Defed, not only as to the Beauty, 
 but alfo as to the Goodnefs of the 
 Horfe, if he be of any dark Colour, 
 and is without one. 
 
 FOX-GLOVES. 
 
 Tox Gloves, the Juice is good to 
 heal green Wounds and old Sores, 
 to cleanfe, dry, and heal them ; it 
 purges the Body of tough Phlegm, is 
 good to open Obftrudions of the 
 Liver and Spleen, for Breakings out 
 on the Skin, and the Farcin^ 
 FRANKINCENSE. 
 
 'Brank'mcenfe h a Ripener or Draw- 
 er ; being of a very warm, penetra- 
 ting Nature, and very flicking ; and 
 upon that account is a very good In- 
 gredient in all Plafters that are of that 
 Intention. And therefore is very 
 rr.uch ufed in outward App'icaiions. 
 Is good for Wounds old and new, 
 and alfo for Ulcers. 
 
 HERB - FRANKINCENSE. 
 
 Herb-Fmnkwcenfe , The Seedsand 
 P.oots are in quality hot and dry, dl- 
 gefting, diffolvins and mundiiying. 
 FRENZY. 
 
 TrenzTj and Madnefs, is a Difeafe 
 ll at our Engliffj Horfes are not fub- 
 jtCt to i but Italian Authors, and fome 
 
 Engli/Jj ones^ have rank'd it with ih^ 
 Difeafes of the Branj vc There- 
 fore you may take notice of the foU 
 lowing Things, that are moft likely 
 to produce thefe Diforders. 
 
 The Cctufe. Firft, An excefllve 
 Hurry of the Blood, in a legitimate 
 fimple Fever; but that Symptom will 
 abate by the ufe of thofe Things that 
 are proper to aifuage the Violence of 
 a Fever, 
 
 Secondly, A Frenzy may be cau- 
 fed by Blood, or Matter coliefted 
 upon the Brain, whether that Blood 
 or Matter be caufed by Wounds or 
 Bruifes, or from a Rupture or Dif- 
 tracl'ion of the VefTels, they having 
 been 6verfulf, and diftended beyond 
 Meafure ; or when there is any foreigrt 
 Subftance grown within the Skull; 
 but then fuch Frenzies will commonly 
 end in a fudden Death. 
 
 Thirdly, A Frenzy may follow 
 the Bite of a venomous Creature. And 
 this Frenzy will affeft the Head as 2 
 peftilential and malignant Fever does. 
 As to Internals, it ought to be 
 treated in the fame manner. And as 
 to the Wound, you will find under 
 the Article Wound, or Bite of a ve- 
 nomous Creature. 
 
 Fourthly, That Frenzy which may 
 moft properly be call'd Madnefs, may 
 happen without the Concurrence of 
 any oiher Difeafe, and \s moft likely 
 to be caufed by excefTive Luft^either 
 in 3 Horfe or Mare, being occafioned 
 by too high Feeding, and being kept 
 from Copulation. But this alfo may 
 be cured by bleeding and purging, and 
 a low Diet. 
 
 FROUNCE. 
 
 To cure a frounce. Let the Horfe 
 blood in the two largeft Veins under 
 jhe Tongue, and wafh the Sore with 
 Vinegar and Salt ; or burn the Pim- 
 ples on the Head, and walh them 
 with A!e and Salt till they bleed, 
 F R U S H. 
 
 Defcription. The Vrptjhy or Iro^f 
 is a fort of tender Horn^ that grows 
 
 in 
 
F I 
 
 im the middle of the Sole, and 
 fome diftance from the Toe; ic di- 
 vides into 2 Branches, running to- 
 wards the Heel, in the Form of a 
 Fork. 
 
 Markham fiys, theFrufh, (or as 
 fome call it the Frog) is the tendered 
 Part of the Hoof towards the Heel, 
 and is faOiioned like a forked, Ar- 
 row-head 5 being only upon that Part 
 of the Foot that Farriers cut out, when 
 they fay they cut forth the Seal of 
 the Horfe's Foot. 
 
 This Frufh oftentimes breeds a 
 Rottenefs or Corruption, proceeding 
 from Humours which come out 
 of the Legs, by means of which the 
 Legs are kept free from Wind-galls, 
 and all other Humours and Swellings, 
 by reafon that the Humours have 
 a PafTage that way. But notwith- 
 ftanding this, the Injury is greater 
 than the Benefit, becaufe it makes 
 the Foot of a Horfe fo weak and ten- 
 der, that he cannot bear to tread up- 
 on any hard Ground. 
 
 The Signs, The Horfe will halt 
 very much when he travels, either 
 upon ftifF, dirty Ways, orloofefto- 
 ny Ground, and always goes beft up- 
 on green Swaith ; and always halts 
 moft, when the Paflage of the Hu- 
 mour is ftopp'd with any Gravel that 
 is got into the Frufh 5 and if a Stop 
 be not put to it, will run continually, 
 and ftink fo that it can fcarce be endu- 
 red; and in fomePlaces ic will look raw. 
 
 The Cure. The antient Farriers 
 ufed to rake off the Shoe, and pare 
 away all the corrupted Places, till 
 they made them raw, fo that the 
 Water iiTued out of the raw Places ; 
 then having made the Shoe wide and 
 large enough, they tack'd it on again : 
 then they took a handful of Soot, and 
 a handful of Sab, and bruifed them 
 well together in a Difh, and temper- 
 ed them with the Whites of 3 Eggs, 
 and dipping Tow into it, ftopped all 
 the Foot, and efpecially the Frufh ; 
 
 239 ) ^ I 
 
 at then fplented it to keep it from fal- 
 
 ling out, and renew'd the Applica- 
 tion once every Day, for a Week. 
 This Markham fays will certainly 
 cure. 
 
 While the Horfe is under Cure he 
 muft reft, and not go into any Wer, 
 and at 7 Days end, you muft leave 
 flopping his Foot, and ride him a- 
 broad ; and always when he comes 
 in, wafti his fore Foot, to cleanfe it 
 from Gravel and Duft. 
 
 Some take off the Shoe, and pare 
 the Foot well, and keep the Sore 
 clean from Dirt and his own Dung, 
 waftiing ii 3 or 4 times a day with 
 Urine, and that Medicine will cure as 
 well as any other. 
 
 SolleyfellfzySy That when you per- 
 ceive a Lump or Excrefcency of live 
 Flefh faftened to the fide of the 
 Frufh, which commonly caufes the 
 Horfe to halt, if it be feated on one 
 of the hinder Legs, lar^e and high 
 enough above the Frufh, you muft 
 immediately cut it off with a red hot 
 Knife, and fear the Part to flop the 
 Blood ; and either drefs the Sore with 
 the Counteffcs Ointment, or with the 
 Powders of Crude Allum, Galls and 
 M^hite Vitriol, in equal quantities 5 
 being apply'd with a Bolfter of Flax ; 
 and lay over it, and the whole Frulh 
 and Sole, a Rejiringent Charge, made 
 of Turpentiney Soot and Ac^ua Vit&, 
 boil*d gently, snd incorporated by 
 being kept continually ftirred. Let 
 ihis lie on for 3 Days •, then take it 
 off, and touch the Part with Spirit of 
 Vitriol J then renew the former Ap- 
 plication, and the Cure will fpeedily 
 be perfeded. 
 
 But fometimes, after the above- 
 mentioned Remedies have been re- 
 gularly apply'd, the Swelling returns 
 and muft be cut again with a red hot 
 Knife ; after which apply the Court- 
 tejfcs Ointment : And when you take 
 off the Drefling, wafh the Part with 
 Spirit of Wine, and then drefs it with 
 
 the 
 
F R ( 240 ) F U 
 
 the Ointment, and continue to do And this do ever after Travel 
 
 after the fame manner till the Sore is 
 healed. In the mean time, you may 
 touch it with the Spirit of Vitriol, 
 and apply white Vitriol to promote 
 the Cure, by cleanfing, drying and 
 ftrengthenin^ the Part, and make ufe 
 of the ufual Drefliags of Bolfters, 
 Bandage or Splents. 
 
 If none of thefe Remedies will 
 prevent the Return of the Tumour, 
 then you muft pluck off the Frujliy 
 and drefs the Part as is direfted in the 
 Article o{ Figi, 
 
 Sometimes the Clefc of the FrujJ) 
 h impofthumated, by reafon of the 
 Heat of the Stable j fo that the Horfe 
 halts downright, and Matter mix'd 
 with red Water falls upon the Frufh. 
 But this Cafe is not dangerous, but 
 may eafily be cured by ths following 
 Method : 
 
 Firft cleanfe the Part by thrufting a 
 Spatula or Slice vvrap'd about with 
 Flax 5 and repeat the fjme (o often 
 till no Moifture appear on the Flax. 
 Then put into the Cleft a little Spirit 
 of Vitriol ov Second Water, and ftop 
 it with Flax moiftened either in of 
 thefe Liquors, and repeat this till the 
 Symptoms difappear. 
 A CERTAIN CURE FOR THE 
 
 RUNNING AND ROTTEN 
 
 FRUSH. 
 
 Being prepared with a quirt of old 
 Urine, in which a quar:er of a pound 
 of powdered Alum has been boiled, 
 and kept in a clofe VefTel^ and a good 
 handful or two of flrong fliarp Net- 
 tlesy which being fp-ead upon a Plate, 
 and diy'd before the Fire, or in an 
 Oven after the drawina of KouQiold 
 
 Brejd, and then bn 
 
 into a 
 
 fin< 
 
 Powder, and as much Pepper finely 
 powdered mix'd with them, and kept 
 in a Galiey-pot for ufe ; firfl cleanfe 
 the Foot, then wafh the fere Place 
 with the Urine and Allum made very 
 warm ; fcour the Sores well, and 
 then dry them with a Rag of Lawn 
 or fome fine Linen, and Arew die Pow- 
 der upon ihem, covering them all. 
 
 as al. 
 
 fooncea-day in the time of Reft, 
 FUNDAME NT. 
 Tailing of the Fundament. 
 
 Horfes fometimes by reafon of the 
 bloody Flux, and fometimes by a na- 
 tural Weaknefs in the inward Bowels, 
 proceeding from the Refolution of the 
 Mufcles, will often have their Funda- 
 ments fall down to a great length, cau- 
 fing great Pain. 
 
 7he Caufe. This may come partly 
 by overmuch ftraining to dung, when 
 a Horfe is coftive, and partly by too 
 much Moifture. 
 
 The Cure, Firft examine whether 
 the Fundament be inflamed, i. e. if it 
 be much fwelled. If it be not infla- 
 med, then, ' Anoint it with Oil of Ro- 
 ' fes^ warm'd over a chafing Difh of 
 ' Coals : Or with warm red Wine, if 
 
 * you have not Oil of Rofes. And 
 
 * if it be inflamed. Bathe it well with 
 ' a foft Spunge, dip'd in the Decoc- 
 ' tion of Mallows^ Camomile^ Lin- 
 ' feed and Fennugreek j and anoint it 
 
 * well with 0// cf Cam 077J He ^nd Dill 
 ' mingled together, to afluage the 
 ' Swelling. And then with a gentle 
 
 * Hand, and warm linen Cloths, put 
 ' k fofily into its place 5 and then 
 
 * bathe all the Tuel wi;h Red Wine, 
 ' in which Acacium, Acorn Cups^ 
 
 * Galls f and the Parings of Quinces 
 ' have been boiled. Then throw 
 ' upon it, the Powder of Bole Ar- 
 
 * moniacli^ or Frankincenjc, or San- 
 
 * guts Draconisy or Afyrrh, or fuch 
 ' Ike. And then give him to drink 
 
 * the dry Pills of Pomegranates beaten 
 
 * to powder, either wiih Wine or 
 ' Vvarm Water, and keep the Horfe 
 ' warm, and his Body in moderate 
 ' Temper, neither too fbluble or 
 
 * loofe, nor too coftive or hard- 
 ' bound, but in a mean Temper; 
 ' for either of the ExtremiCS are hurt- 
 « ful. 
 
 FUNGUS. 
 Tungtis is an Excreftence of Flefli, 
 arrowing Out upon the Lips of a 
 
 Wound. 
 
 G A. 
 
G A 
 
 GALANGAL. 
 
 Galangal is a fmal! knotty Root, 
 of a reddifli colour, heavy and well 
 fcentcd, and extremely hot to ihe 
 Tafte, fold by Dniggifts and Apo- 
 thecaries ; IS a very ufeful Simple, 
 and inferior to few in the Materia 
 Medica, being endu'd with feveral 
 Properties. It is a great Cordial and 
 Stren'Jthener of the Nerves, and by 
 its penetrating warmth proves very 
 ferviceable in expelling Wind, and 
 deftroying Crudities in the Stomach 
 and Guts, and for that caufe is a 
 proper Ingredient in all Compofl- 
 tions defign'd to ftrengthen the Sto- 
 mach, and reftore the Appetite. 
 G A L B A N U M. 
 
 Galbarjum is warm and emollient, 
 and very ufeful in all diforders of 
 the Nerves. It is alfo a proper In- 
 gredient in all emollient and foften- 
 ing Plafters ; and is frequently us'd 
 to ripen and diffblve hard impaded 
 Tumors. The Fume taken up the 
 Noftrils, helps in the Vertigo, 
 Apoplexy, Staggers, and all diforders 
 affeding the Head. 
 
 GALL. 
 
 The Gall of a Hoi fe is fubjed to 
 many diforders ; See Yellows, or 
 Jaundice. 
 
 A Horfe has no Gall-bladder, yet 
 he has a fufticient ftore of G<ill, 
 that is feparated by its proper Veflels, 
 and convey'd diredly into the fiift 
 Gat, which is about lo or 12 In- 
 ches below the undermoft Orifice of 
 the Stomach ; this Liquor called 
 Gall is feparated from the Blood, 
 which is imported to the Liver from 
 the Spleen, tfy-c. 
 
 G ALLS. 
 
 Galls are rough and aftringenr, 
 cleanfe and mundify, are good to 
 ftop Lisks and Fluxes, they are 
 made ufe of in ftrengthening PUf- 
 
 G A 
 
 ( 241 ) 
 
 ters. Galls reduc'd into Powder 
 are alfo us'd in fome Ointments. 
 A GALLED BACK. 
 ' Beat the white of an Egg to an 
 ' Oil, and mix it welUvith Bole-ar" 
 
 * mon:ack^ Flower and Honey ; the 
 
 * Armoniack fiifl: reducM to Powders 
 ' Spread it on thin Leather, and 
 ' apply it to the part galTd, and let 
 
 * it lie there till it comes off of ie 
 ' felf, and it will be well. £". K, 
 
 GALLING. 
 ' If a Horfe galls betwixt the 
 
 * Legs either thro' heat or ill drefTing, 
 ' crufh a raw Egg between his Leg?, 
 ' and rub the galled part well witii 
 
 after the Sores are made dry, 
 Chafe the galled Parts with Sfirit 
 of Wine, G. J. 
 
 Another Retnedy<, 
 ' Take 2 or 3 Spoonfuls of Aqua" 
 v'ttA^ and boil it with a piece of 
 Soap^ and anoint the part with it 
 as hot as it can be endured, and 
 it will take down the Swelling. 
 Another, 
 
 * Mix Chimney Soot with Cream^ 
 till it become a Salve ; and having 
 made a Plafter of ir, lay it to the 
 galled and fwclled part, and k 
 will cure it. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Boil Loam in Vinegar to a 
 Poultice, and apply it very hot to 
 the galled Place, and it will take it 
 
 ' down. 
 
 Another, 
 *■ Cut a Slice of Kvheatcn Bread^ 
 '' toaft it very well, fpread it well 
 ' on both fides with Honey^ prick 
 ■ it full of holes and toaft it again 
 ' till the Homy is thoroughly foaked 
 ^ into it, and the to^ft is become 
 
 * dry ; then pound it to Pov;der In 
 ' a Mortar, and ftrew it upon the 
 ' galled place, and it will dry it up 
 
 • in a fhort time. 
 
 GALLOP, 
 
G A 
 
 ( 2 
 
 GALLOP. 
 
 ^ Gallop is the motion of a 
 Korfe, when he runs at full Tpeed ; in 
 which making a kind of a leap for- 
 wards, he lifts both his Fore- Legs, 
 very near at the fame time ; and 
 while thefe are in the Air, and juft 
 upon the point of touching the 
 Ground, he lilts both his Hind-Legs 
 almoft at once. 
 
 To Gallop united, or to gallop 
 upon the good or right foot, is when 
 a Horfe which gallops right out, 
 having cut the way or led with ei- 
 ther of his Fore-leg«, continues al- 
 ways to liii that Leg firft ; fo that 
 the Hinder Leg of a die. with the 
 leading Fore-Leg, muft alfo be raifed 
 fooner than the other Hind-leg. As 
 for Inftance, if the right Fore- Leg 
 leads before the left, then the right 
 Hind-Leg mufb alfo move fooner 
 than the left Hind-Leg 5 and the 
 Horfe mult coniinue to go on in 
 this order. 
 
 To gallop Falfe, is to difunite or 
 to drag the Haunches, or to change 
 Feet. To gallop upon the falfe Foot, 
 is when the Ga'loper having led 
 with one of the Fore-Legs, whether 
 right or left, does not continue al- 
 ways to let that Leg out firft, nor 
 to make the Hind-Leg, with a fide 
 with the leading Leg, to move be- 
 fore its oppofite Hind-Leg ; that is 
 to fay, the orderly going is inter- 
 rupted. 
 
 A Horfe which gallops falfe, gal- 
 lops with an unbecoming Air, 
 and incommodes his Rider. If a 
 Horfe gallops falfe, or difunites, the 
 way to put him upon the right Foot, 
 and uniting his Haunches well, is to 
 bring to with the Calves of your 
 Le-is ; and then with the out Spur, 
 that is, with the Spur that is oppofite 
 and contrary to the fide upon which 
 he difunites ^ fo that if he difunites 
 with the left, you mud prick hiai 
 with the right IkqU 
 
 42 ) G A 
 
 A Horfe is faid to gallop finCj 
 when he gallops upon his Haunches, 
 and does not prefs heavy upon the 
 Bridle'; he bends his Fore-Legs well, 
 has a good Motion with hinr-, is well 
 coupled, and keeps his Legs united. 
 
 A Gallop is diftinguifhed into the 
 great Gallop or the Hunting Gallop, 
 or the Gallop with the long Stretch, 
 the Gallop with all the Heels ; i. e. 
 with full Speed, and the fljort light 
 Gallop, which is a flow Gallop, 
 
 To a ^ood Gallop thefe Poftures 
 are requifite, That the Horfe takes 
 up his Feet nimbly from the Ground, 
 but does not raife them high, neither 
 rolleth nor beateth himfelf •, that 
 when he ftretches out his Fore- Legs 
 his hinder follow nimbly, and does 
 neither cut his Knee (which is called 
 the fwift cut) nor crofleth, nor doth 
 clap one Foot before the other, and 
 always leads with his far Fore- Foot, 
 and not with the near : Such a Horfe 
 is faid to gallop comely and moft 
 true, and is the fitted for Speed. 
 A Horfe is faid to gallop ftro7igly, 
 but not fvvifily, when he gallops 
 round, and raifes his Fore-Feet j 
 fuch a one is fitted for the gveat 
 Saddle and the Wars. If a Horfe 
 gallops flow, but fure, he is fitted 
 for Travelling ; but if he labours his 
 Feet confufedly, and gallops pain- 
 fully, he is not fit for any Service 
 that requires Galloping. E, R, 
 GALLOP A DE. 
 
 Gallopade, is a Hand-gil!cp, o: 
 Gallop upon the hand, in which a 
 Horfe galloping upon one or two 
 Treads is well united, and well rac- 
 courred or knit together, well cou- 
 pled, and well fet under him. 
 
 It is call'd the fine Gallopade, 
 the fhort GalLp, the lidening Gallop, 
 the Gallop of ihe Schools. 
 
G A 
 
 ( 243 ) 
 
 G A 
 
 It is ufual to fay this Horfe mak«s 
 a Gallopade^ and woi-ks with one 
 Haunch in ; that is, indeed of going 
 upon one Tread, whether right out 
 or in a circle, he has one Haunch 
 kept in fubjedlion, whatever the 
 turner changeof the Hand is ; the 
 the inner Haunch, which feems to 
 be the Center of the Ground, is 
 more narrowed, and comes nearer 
 to that Center than the Shoulder 
 does ; and fo the Horfe goes not 
 ahogether to that fide, and his way 
 of working is a little more than 
 one Tread, and fomeihing lefs than 
 two. 
 
 The difference between working 
 with one Haunch, and working up- 
 on Vaults, and managing upon 
 terra a terra, lies in this, that in 
 galloping upon Vaults and working 
 upon terra a terra, the two Haun- 
 ches are kept fubje(ft, and are with- 
 in the Vault; but in Galloping, a 
 Haunch in only one is kept fub- 
 
 GAMBOGE. 
 
 Gamboge is fuppos'd to bs the 
 Juice of a fort of Spurge hardened. 
 It purges watery and phlegmaiick 
 Humours violently, and fliould al- 
 ways have Salt of Tartar given with 
 it, or fome other lixivious Salt to 
 Corred it, 
 
 GANACHES. 
 
 Ganaches are a Name by which 
 the French call the two Bones that 
 are one on each fide of the Head of 
 a Horfe, on the hinder parr, oppofite 
 to the Neck or Onfet of the Head, 
 which form the lower Jaw, and 
 give ft motion. In this place it is, 
 that the Glands or Kernels of the 
 Strangles and the Glanders are 
 plac'd. 
 
 GANGRENE. 
 
 A Gangrene is an Inflammation, 
 ivhich is fudden, violent and ex- 
 ^ejive, caufing ijitglerable Pain, 
 
 and is the beginning of a Mortifica- 
 tion. 
 
 The Caufe. It fometimes proceeds 
 from an ill habit of Body, butmofl 
 commonly from a Puncture, or 
 Wounds in the tender and fenGble 
 Parts, or when fplincs of Bones or 
 other (harp and pointed marter flick 
 into the Flefh or Sinews ; and a 
 Gangrene and Mortification are of- 
 ten procured by the ill Management 
 of a large Wound. 
 
 The Signs. The Pain is fudden, 
 exceflive and violent, the Part s of 
 a deep red Colour inclinable to pur- 
 ple ; it differs in this from a Moit;- 
 fication, that in the latter the Part 
 looks black, becomes Toft, pei-ifhecf, 
 dead and without fenfe, by reafon 
 that there is an abfolute Stop put to 
 the Blood. 
 
 The Cure» Thi;, is to be perform'^ 
 by applying fpirituous Medicines, as 
 camphorated Wine, allowing two 
 Ounces of Camphire to every quart 
 of Spirits, which may be mixed with 
 Spirits of Scurvy-Grafs, or Spirits 
 of Turpsntine \ or the following 
 Fomentation may be us'd. 
 
 * Take common V/orm-jL-ond and 
 
 * St. John's JVort, of each one 
 ' handful j C-^momtle Flowers and 
 
 * Centaury, of each half a H^nd- 
 
 * ful ; of common ylflies half a 
 
 < Pound, ^do{ Bay berries 6 Oun' 
 
 * ces : Boil thefe ingredients in 5 
 ' quarts of IVaier, till one half be 
 ' waflcd ; flrain the Decoflion, and 
 ' add to it a pint of Spirit of Wine 
 ^ camphorated. 
 
 ' Bathe the Part that is gangren'd 
 
 < with Flannel or Woollen-tloth, 
 ' dipt in the forementioned Fomen- 
 ' tation •, then wring them out, and 
 ' apply them to the Part almoft 
 ' fcaldinghor. It may al fo be 
 
 * wafhed with the Fomentation, a 
 ' fixtb part of Spirit of Sal Armo- 
 
 R 2 • niack 
 
G A 
 
 ( 2 
 
 * niack being added to it, at the time 
 
 * of ufing ir.* 
 
 Thofe things that are prefcrib'd 
 for Chefi'founderiyig^ and are proper 
 to promote Sweat, may be given 
 inwardly : But if the Ga»q_rene does 
 not yield to the foremention'd Medi- 
 cines, the Part fhould be fearched to 
 the C^aick, wiih the Fleam or Lancet, 
 in order to bring it to a fuppuration ; 
 and then you muft apply to it Horfe- 
 dung boiled in Ale or Wine, after 
 the manner of a Poultice. And 
 when the Wound comes to matter, 
 drefs it with JE^ypiiacum made hot ; 
 and if it rtili continues foul ^nd tends 
 to a Mortification, you may mix but- 
 ter of Antimony with the Ointment, 
 which is a very eflScacious Remedy j 
 or you may mix 6q drops of Aqua 
 fortfs with every Ounce of JEgypti- 
 acum. SolUyjelL direfts to make ufe 
 of Lime-water, and if that does not 
 prove efFedual, to make ufe of the 
 following Medicine : 
 
 ' Take half a Pound of crude 
 
 * Allom^ a quarter of a Pound of 
 
 * crude Copperas grofly beaten, an 
 
 * Ounce and a half of Verdegreafe 
 
 * finely powdered ; boil all in 2 
 ' quarts of vinegar, till half is con- 
 
 * fum'd, and without ftraining of it 
 
 * referve it for ufe in a Glafs- Bottle ; 
 
 * or if you think it too weak, add 
 
 * an Ounce of Aquafortis to a 
 
 * quart, and fhake them well to- 
 
 * gather. 
 
 * Make the Liquor hot, and (ivti's 
 
 * the Part wirh Pledgets of Flax or 
 
 * Kurds dipt into it.' 
 
 In all large Mortifications, the 
 dead Flefh muft be cut away and 
 extirpated with a fharp inftrument ; 
 but great Caution is to be ufed not 
 to hurt any of the Nerves or Sinews, 
 which are either found or poflible 
 to be recovered, either by the 
 Jnftrument or the Applitations. 
 
 44 ) . ^ ^ 
 
 The Applications ought chiefly to 
 confift offuch things as are fpirituous, 
 drefling with Honey of Rofes beat 
 up with the white of an Egg, with 
 one fourth part of camphorated 
 Spirit of Wine : and after this, fuch 
 things are to be us'd that are 
 proper to promote the Growth of 
 good Flefh. Gibf, 
 Things good for a Gangrene inward 
 or outward. 
 
 *■ Bruife the Leaves of Bugle, and 
 ' apply them, or wafh the Gangrene 
 
 * with the Juice ; Briony, either 
 ' Leaves, Fruit or Roots is good, 
 ' but muft be correfted, becaufe a 
 ' great Purger. The Meal of Dar- 
 « nel is good, to ftay Gangrenes, 
 
 * Cankers, or any other eating or 
 
 * fretting Sores. 
 
 * Mallows, Brook- lime. Water' 
 ' creffes. Elder-leaves, Bran and 
 ' mouldy Hay, being boiPd in the 
 ' dregs of Jlrong-Beer and apply*d 
 « very hot, is good to flay the 
 
 * fpreading of a Gangrene, if it can 
 ' be done by any thing. To bruife 
 
 * Nettles and apply to it is good, 
 ' and fo is the Decodion of the 
 ' Rootsof the Leaves or Bark of the 
 ' Tamarisk-Tree^ and alfo to bathe 
 
 * the Part with it is !;ood. 
 
 Of G A R D E D or^S W E L L E D 
 
 LEGS. 
 
 If the Legs of a Horfe be fwell'd, 
 
 only by reafon of the Greafe being 
 
 fallen into them, and there is no 
 
 other outward Ulcer, and if thefe 
 
 Swellings cannot be afluaged by 
 
 bathing in cold fountain Water or 
 
 any other common helps ; then boil 
 
 a Pound of Hogs-greafe in 2 quarts 
 
 of Wine-lees, or the Grounds of 
 
 Jirong Beer or Ale, and put in as 
 
 much Wheat-bran as will thicken it, 
 
 and make k into a Poultice : make 
 
 a Hofe of woollen Cloth, fill it with 
 
 the Pouhice, and put it on the 
 
 Horfe "s 
 
G A 
 
 ( 245 ) 
 
 G E 
 
 yorre*s Leg as hot as he can fufFer 
 ft i clofe up the Hofe, and let it 
 be kept on for 2 days, and on the 
 third open the Hofc at the top, but 
 ftir not the Poultice, but pour into it 
 hot melted greafe as long as it will 
 take it in, and that will renew the 
 efEcacy of the Poultice : then clofe 
 up the Poultice again for 2 or 3 
 days longer, afterwards open the 
 Leg, rub it down, and if you fee 
 any occifion for it you may apply 
 another, and it will compleat the 
 Cure. 
 
 But if there be Ulcers, Chops and 
 Sores befides the Swelling, then ap- 
 ply the Poultice before- mentioned 
 for a Week, and afterwards boil a 
 handful of Salt in a quart of ftale 
 Urine, the fame quantity of Allum, 
 and half an Ounce of white Cop- 
 peras, and wafh the Sore with it 
 once or twice a day; after it has 
 been a little dried, anoint it with 
 jEgyptiacum. 
 
 G A R L I C K. 
 ^Garlick is much us'd in Medicines 
 for Horfes, it is a Root that is well 
 furnifhed with fubtile and volatile 
 Parts, by which it is rendred ex- 
 ceeding opening and difcuffive ; 
 and for that reafon is very fervicea- 
 ble in all Obftiudlions in the Lungs, 
 which caufe Purfivenefs. It pro- 
 motes Urine, deftroys Worms, is 
 good againft the biting of a mad 
 Dog, or other venomous Beaft, and 
 Infections ; and is very efFedual in 
 carrying off Crudities and indigefted 
 Matter in the Stomach and Guts, 
 which caufe Cholicks and Pains. It 
 is alfo us'd in outward Applications, 
 as Cataplafms for difculling obfti- 
 nate Swellings and Impofthumes j it 
 is good for foul Ulcers. 
 
 G A S K O 1 N S, See Thighs. 
 GATE. 
 
 A Gate is the Going or Pace of 
 a Horfe ; Is is commonly Gid, this 
 
 Horfe has a good Gate, but the other 
 has a broken Gate, /. e. this Horfe 
 goes well but the other does not. 
 
 A cold Gaffy is when a Horfe does 
 not bend his Knees as he ought to 
 do, and raifes his Legs fo little, that 
 he grazes or fweeps the Ground. 
 GATHERERS. 
 
 Gatherers are thofe Teeth with 
 which Horfes draw their Fodder, 
 or cut their Grafs when they are 
 grazing ; they grow before in place 
 of the Foal-Teeth, they are 6 above 
 and as many below, and are divided 
 into 3 kinds, i/z. Nippers, themid^ 
 die Teeth or Separaters, and the out" 
 ward or corner one*. The Nippers 
 are the two Teeth in the middle 
 both above and below, are thofe 
 which a Horfe firft changes ; the 
 middle Teeth or Sefaraters, which 
 are the 2 next the Nippers, one on 
 each fiJe of them, both above and 
 below (are called Separaters, becaufe 
 they feparate the Nippers from the 
 corner Teethj are thofe that change 
 the next. And the outward and 
 corner ones, which are thofe next 
 the Tuflies, both above and below. 
 
 are thofe he cafteth laft. 
 
 which the Age of 
 known. 
 
 and by 
 may be 
 
 that is 
 cut out. 
 
 a Horfe 
 Hcpe. 
 
 GELDING, 
 A Geldmg, is a Horfe 
 gelded, or has his Stones 
 fo that he is not fi: for a Stal- 
 lion. 
 
 Of GELDING COLTS or 
 HORSES. 
 In Gelding of Horfes regard Is to 
 be had, firft to the Age of the Horfe, 
 fecondly to the feafon of the Year, 
 and laftly to the ftate of the Moon. 
 
 As for the Age, if it be a Colt 
 the Operation may be perform'd at 
 9 or 15 days old, if his Stones be 
 come down ; for the fooner he is 
 gelt the better it will be for his 
 Growth, Shape and Courage 5 tho 
 
G E 
 
 f H^ ) 
 
 G E 
 
 a Hoife may be gelded at any Age, 
 if care be taken in the Cure. 
 
 As for the feafon of the Year, the 
 beft time is accounted to be about 
 ^pril and May^ or in the beginning 
 of June St the funheft ; or elfe a- 
 bouc the fall of the Leaf, which is 
 at the latter end of September, 
 
 As for the ftate of the Moon, the 
 Wane of the Moon is accounted the 
 fitteft tinae. 
 
 Ihe manner of Geld':ng» 
 The Foal, Coh or Horfe, nriuft 
 be cad upon fome foft Place, after 
 which you muft take the Stones be- 
 tween your Fore- Finger and great 
 ringer, and flit the Cod, and prefs 
 out the Stones 5 then having a pair 
 of Nippers made very fmooth, either 
 of Steel, Box, Wood or Brazile, 
 clap the (trings of the Siones be- 
 tween them, very near to where the 
 Stones are fet on, and prefs them fo 
 hard that th^re may be no Flux of 
 Blood ^ then fear away the Stone 
 wiih a thin arav^ing cauterizing Iron, 
 niade red hot. 
 
 This being done, you mufl: take 
 a hard Plafter, made of Wax, 
 Rofin and waQi'd Turpentine mel- 
 ted together, and melt ic upon the 
 head of the Strings with the hot 
 Iron ; andaferwards fear the Strings, 
 and melt more of the Salve, till 
 there is a good thicknefs of the 
 Sjlve laid upon the Strings. 
 
 When you have done this to one 
 S^one, let the Nippers loofe, and 
 ^o the like by the other Stone, and 
 fill the two flits of the Cod with 
 white Salt, and anoint the outfide of 
 the Cod with Hogs-greafe ; and 
 then let him rife, and keep him in a 
 warm ftabie. 
 
 Do not tie him up, but let him be 
 at liberty to walk up and down j 
 for moderate Exercife is very good 
 for him. 
 
 If you fitid that he fwells very 
 isjucb in hh Cod or Sheath, ?he^ 
 
 chafe him up and down, and mak» 
 him trot an Hour in a Day, and he 
 will foon recover and be made 
 found. E» R. and Markh, 
 
 It is an eafy Operation to geld a 
 Foal, and is feldom attended with 
 any ill accidents ; but if the Stones 
 of a Horfe (hould be bruifed or other- 
 wife hurt, and fo become irrecover- 
 able, it will require the skill of the 
 beft Artift to extirpate them. 
 
 When the Horfe has been caft on 
 a Dunghil or fome foft place as be- 
 fore direfted, the Scrotum or out- 
 ward Cafe muft be cut open on each 
 fide, when both Stones are to be 
 taken out ; and when but one, that 
 fide where the diftempered Stone 
 lies. 
 
 Afterv^rards a waxed Thread is to 
 be tied round the Strings, to flop 
 the Blood, and the Strings muft b? 
 cut between the Ligature and the 
 Scone with a pair of fharp ScifTars or 
 Knife ; and afterwards you muft ap- 
 ply to the Wound Pledgets, having 
 firft dipt them \\\ the common Di- 
 geftive mixed with Spirit of Wine, 
 and laid a Bandage over all Comr 
 prelTes ; The Bandage muft be fuch 
 as is direded to difpend the Sheath. 
 If any Inflammation follows, 
 you muft apply warm Fomentation? 
 and fpirituous things, and keep the 
 Horfe to an opening Diet, and gire 
 him Barly-vvater for his Drink. 
 
 This Mr. Gibfon accounts a fafer 
 Method than that which is generally 
 in ufe, 'VIZ.. to apply an adual 
 Cautery, and then to fill the Place 
 with Salt J for tho this may fucceed 
 well enough with a Colt or Foal, 
 while the fpermatick Veflels are 
 but very fmall, yet a Horfe that 15 
 come to his maturity, muft needs 
 thereby be expofed to many Acci- 
 dents. 
 
 GENET. 
 A Genet is a fmall fiz'd well pro- 
 portioned Sfanip} Horfe* Some call 
 
 well 
 
G E 
 
 ( 247 ) 
 
 G I 
 
 well made and proportioned Italian- 
 Horfesj Genet a. 
 
 GE N ETTE. 
 
 A Genette \s a Turkij}) Bit, the 
 Curb whereof is one iniire Piece, 
 made like a large Ring, and placed 
 above the liberty of the Tongue. 
 W'hen they bridle an Horfe, they 
 make his Chin go thro' this Curb, 
 which furrounds his Beard. Thefe 
 forts of Bits are much in ufe in the 
 Trench Academies. 
 
 To ride with the Legs a U 
 Ge-aettfy i. e, in the Spani/J) Fa- 
 (inon^ is to ride fo (hort that the 
 Spurs bear upon the flank of the 
 Horfe. This is accounted a piece 
 of Gallantry and handfom carriage 
 in Spa'in^ when they ride upon their 
 Genettes in going to Court, before 
 the Ladies ; but would be looked 
 upon as an indecency in England 
 and France, G. D. 
 
 GENTIAN. 
 
 Gentiaa, Feltworf, or Baldmony, 
 is a Root of general ufe for 
 Horfes, as well as for Men, it be- 
 ing an Opener and Difcuflive, and 
 alfo a great promoter of Tranfpira- 
 tion, both fenfible and infe-njibU ; 
 but it is principally us*d as a Sto- 
 machick. It is an ingredient in the 
 Diapente, and a very material one, 
 and alfo in feveral other Compofi- 
 tions, which are us'd for Horfes ; it 
 provokes Urine, and is good to refill 
 Poifon. It is very efficacious in 
 deftroying Worms and verminous 
 Matter ; and when the Pouder of k 
 is made up into Cataplafms, and 
 apply'd outwardly, it is very difcuf- 
 five ; as alfo when it is boil'd in. 
 Fomentations. It will alfo make a 
 good Tent to open a pafT^ge into 
 Jinuous or cavernous Ulcers, where 
 it will not be fafe to ufe an Inftru- 
 ment. The Juice, or a Decoction 
 taken inwardly, is good for the Farcin 
 sad the Yellows, 
 
 G.ERM AND E R. 
 
 Gertnander has a cutting Faculty, 
 it opens and cleanfes, is good in the 
 Jaundice, and all D;ftempers occa- 
 fioned by the abounding of Choier, 
 ^c. and fome recommend it in 
 malignant and peftilential Sick- 
 neffes : Is good for the Yellows. 
 ^G 1 G O T. 
 
 Gigot, a Branch after the form of 
 a Gigot or Leg, is a branch the 
 lower Part of which is round, call'd 
 Gargouelle, 
 
 GIGGS. 
 
 Giggs, are little foft Swellings, or 
 rather Puftules with black Head5, 
 which grow on the infide of a 
 Horfe's Lips, next under his great 
 Jaw-Teeth. Sometimes they will 
 be as b:g as a Walnut, and fo very 
 painful as to caufe the Horfe to let 
 his meat fall out of his mouth, or 
 at beft to hold it in his mouth un- 
 chaw'd ; fo that being hindred 
 from earing, he cannot be expecled 
 to thrive. 
 
 Mr. Gib/on fays, they for the mod 
 part grow out on the infide of a 
 Horfe's Lips, and fometimes to- 
 wards the Palate 5 but thofe of the 
 Lips are the largeft. 
 
 The Cau/e, Thefe Giggs, Blad- 
 ders or Flaps, proceed either from 
 eating too much Grafs, or that 
 which is bad ; or Hay or Provender 
 that is rough and pricking. 
 
 The Signs, The Signs are appa- 
 rently to be felt, and need no Do- 
 fcription. 
 
 Th2 Cure, Draw the Tongue of 
 the Horfe out on one fide of his 
 Mouth, and flit the Swellings, and 
 with a Probe pick out all the Kernels 
 that are like Wheat- Corns, very 
 clean ; then temper the Y'olk of 
 an Egg thick as Leven with Salt, and 
 make it into little B.ills, and thrufl: 
 one into every Hole • repeat this 
 once a Dav tiil the Horfe is well. 
 
 R 4 Or 
 
G L 
 
 ( 248 ) 
 
 G L 
 
 Or you may flit them with an 
 Incifion Knife, and thruft our the 
 Corruption, and wafb the fore 
 Place either vviih Vinegar and 
 Salt, or AUoni Water. 
 
 Some burn theSwellings with a hot 
 Iron, and afterwards wafh them 
 with Beer and Salt, and that will 
 heal them. 
 
 In order to prevent this Difeafe, 
 It will be proper to draw out the 
 Horfe*s Tongue, and to wafh it with 
 Wine, Beer and Ale, and this will 
 prevent any Blifters from breed- 
 ing on it, or any other Difeafe. 
 Markh, 
 
 GINGER. 
 
 Ginger is very hot and penetra- 
 ting ; and f::ir that reafon a great 
 Comforter of the Nerves, and \s 
 ufed in many Compofitions for 
 ftrengthening the Stomach and 
 Guts. 
 STINKING GLADWIN. 
 
 Stinking Gladwin purges Choler 
 andPhlegm, is good for theStrangury 
 and Urine ; the Roots are very good 
 in Wounds, and draw forth Splinters 
 or Thorns out of the flefh j boiled 
 in Vinegar they diflblve hard Swel- 
 lings. The Juice of the Leaves and 
 Roots heal the Mange, and all other 
 running and fpreading Scabs. 
 GLAND. 
 
 A Gland is a Convolution of 
 fmall Arteries, whofe laft Branches 
 are Cylindrical ; or, which is the 
 fame thing, part of an infinite long 
 Cone. So that a Gland is nothing 
 but a Branch of an Artery, whofe 
 fartheft Extremity becomes the ex- 
 cretory Duft of the Gland, j^m/w- 
 ce'^^ p. 182. 
 
 GLANDERS. 
 
 The Glanders in a Horfe is the 
 running of corrupt Matter from the 
 Nofe, which differs in Colour, ac- 
 
 has 
 
 nity, or has been 
 longer continuance. 
 
 of fhorter Q|f 
 Kvhite^ 
 
 beini 
 
 cording to the degree of the Malig- proceed a little moifture 
 
 ytllow, green or black. 
 
 The Ca.'^fe, Authors have afcrib'd 
 this Difeafe to various Caufes, fome 
 to Infeftion, fome to the Lungs, 
 others to the Spleen, fome to the 
 Liver, and others to the Brain • and 
 after it has been of fo long (landing, 
 that the Matter is become of a 
 blackifh Colour, which is ufual in. 
 its lafl Stage, they are of the opi- 
 nion, that it comes from the Spine, 
 and therefore have call'd it the 
 mourning of the Chine, which fee: 
 which Error Mr, Snape has taken 
 notice of. See Mourning of the 
 Chine, 
 
 There will be fome Kernels and 
 Knots that may be felt under the 
 Caul ; and as they grow bigger and 
 more infiam'd, fo the Glanders in- 
 creafes more under the Horfe's Body. 
 A late Author is of opinion, that 
 the chief feat of this Dillemper is in 
 a little foft fpungy Elefii, which is 
 eafily dilated by the leaft Influx of 
 Blood ; and thence it is that fome 
 Horfes have a running at the Nofe 
 from a very flight cold ; but when 
 this fpungy Subftance happens to be 
 very much relaps'd, then it is eafy 
 to imagine how the running will be 
 apt to increafe. 
 
 For a more clear underftanding 
 of this matter, let it be confidered 
 in all its Stages. 
 
 At the firft this Diftemper is only 
 a Superfluity of Matter, which pro- 
 ceeds from the foft fpungy Flefh 
 that is in the upper part of the Nofe, 
 which is caus'd by a too great plenty 
 of Blood in thofe Parts, which en- 
 larges that glandulous flefh ; fo that 
 there is a great quantity of Matter 
 continually difcharg'd from thofe 
 Excretory Dufts : from whence does 
 fcarce per- 
 ceivable, 
 
 I 
 
G R 
 
 ( 249 ) 
 
 G R 
 
 celvable, which ferv'd only to re- 
 frefh thofe parts that are the Organs 
 of Swelling. 
 
 And whether this great Difcharge 
 proceeds from a Cold or Sn-angles, 
 inward Wafte or InFeftion, it will 
 in a little time turn to an Ulcer, 
 and the Matter being pent up will 
 acquire a great degree of Putrefac- 
 tion, turn corrofive, and wafte and 
 deftroy thofe Veflels, and the Matter 
 will be often lireaked with Blood. 
 
 But when this Diftemper comes 
 to its laft Stage, the noifom Scink, 
 and difcoloui'd Corruption, is a 
 fign that the Bones are ulcerated as 
 well as the Flefh ; for the Bone in 
 which this fpungy Flefh is feated, is 
 alfo fpungy it felf, and the Matter 
 that then comes from it, is of an 
 afhy black Colour ; and when it has 
 continued for fome confiderable 
 time, it wafles and deftroys the Paf- 
 fages of the Nofe. Which laft 
 niention'd degree of this Diftemper 
 is hardly to be cured, as it alfo is 
 when it is turned to an Ulcer. 
 
 The Cure. There are in Authors 
 a great number of Remedies pre- 
 fcrib'd, which being too many to be 
 inferted here, I fhall only kt down 
 fome few that are accounted the 
 beft. 
 
 When the Diftemper is new, and 
 the Running (imple, and proceeding 
 from a Cold, if the Horfe has 
 ftrength enough to bear Purging, 
 
 you may give 
 or ofrner, the 
 
 him once or twice, 
 following Drench in 
 a Morning, with the ufual Pre- 
 cautions. 
 
 * T.ike a Handful of common 
 ^ Burdock-voois and flice them, and 
 ' of Guaiacutn and SaJJ'afras-vjood^ 
 
 * each 8 Ounces, Sena one Ounce, 
 
 * Monks-rhubarb a quarter of a 
 
 * Pound, 2 Ounces of ^^/^/j bruifed, 
 
 * and Annii and fvjeet Fen'/iel-fetds 
 [ an Ounce and a half; boil the 
 
 ' Roots and Woods in 2 quarts of 
 
 * Water for an Hour, and then put 
 
 * in the other Ingredients, and 
 
 * fweeten one quart of the ftrained 
 ' Decodlon with a quarter of a 
 ' Pound of Hony. Warm his Wa- 
 ' ter, and fweeten it with Honey,* 
 
 Or you may give him the follow- 
 ing Balls : 
 
 ' Take of JaUp and Aloes^ of 
 ' each an Ounce and a quarter, 
 ' finely powdered, and half a dram 
 
 * of Salt of Tartar ; add as much 
 ' Wheat-flower and Butter as will 
 ' make them into a Pafle^ and make 
 
 < them into two Balls, and give 
 
 * them to the Horfe, as the former. 
 
 < After this Phyfick has work'd 
 ' fufficiently, make a Deco<flion of 
 
 * Red-Rofe Leaves, and diflblve in 
 ' it an Ounce and a half, or two 
 
 * Ounces of Diafcordium, this will 
 « contribute very much to make the 
 
 * Running at his Nofe abate ; and 
 
 * if it be in the firft Stage of this 
 
 * Difeafe, if you fweeten the De- 
 ' coclion with Honey, leaving out 
 ' the Biafcordium^ and inied into 
 ^ his Nofe, it will be fufficient.* 
 
 Every thing that is proper ro 
 promote a Tranfpiration thro' the 
 Pores, being conducive to the 
 fame end ; '^ Therefore boil a 
 
 * Pound of Guaiacum^ and half a 
 
 * Pound of Sa(J\fras, and a quarter 
 « of a Pound of Liquorifh, in Wa- 
 ' tcr, for his ordinary Drink. 
 
 But if the Horfe will not drink 
 this, then take this Method : « In- 
 
 fufe a Pound and 
 Guaiacurn-SMOod in 
 Water. 
 
 a quarter of 
 9 quarts of 
 ^ for 12 hours in hoc Afhes, 
 then boil them in a cover'd Vef^ 
 fel over a gentle Fire till one third 
 part is wailed \ then ftrain the 
 L-'quor, and give him a quart a 
 day for 8 days running, keeping 
 him upon the Bridle 3 hours be- 
 fore, an4 three hours after. If 
 CHa'tacutfi' 
 
f' 
 
 G L ( z 
 
 GUaiacum-yjQo^ be not to be bad, 
 Box-wood may fufiice. 
 
 Or if you han't a mind to keep 
 the Horfe upon the Bridle after this 
 Deccclion, you may let him have 
 Meat within an hour or an hour and 
 a half; and before his Corn give 
 liim Water wherein LiquorilTi has 
 been boird, or Honey diflblv'd. 
 
 If the preceding Methods don't 
 abate the running, and the Kernels 
 under his Jaws continue hard and 
 Iwell'd, you may make ufe of the 
 following Cuaplafm for feveral days 
 together. * Take a Pound of Lin- 
 « feed, half a Pound of Fenugreek- 
 « feed finely powdered, and boil 
 « them in 2 quarts of Vinegar over 
 < a clear Fire, till they come to a 
 ' Poultice, keeping them continu- 
 *• ally ftirrini^, till it begins to thick- 
 
 • en ; and then put in a Pound of 
 ' Ointment of Marfhmallows, and 
 *■ apply P'liT of it hot to the Ker- 
 ' ncls, covering the part with a 
 
 * Lamb's Skin.* This Apph'cation 
 v^'ill either c'ifTolve the Kernels, or 
 break them, if the Horfe be not far 
 son?- in tlie Diftemper. 
 
 But if no emollient or fuppura- 
 «Ive Medicines will remove them, 
 ibme approve ol opening them with 
 a Cauftick, as being both f:\(e for 
 the Horfe, and an Ulcer eader to 
 heal in thofe parts than in the Nofe. 
 
 But if thefe Swellings ftill conti- 
 nue, with the other Symptom?, if 
 the Horfe be not in a wafting Con- 
 dition, it may be proper to rowel 
 iiiin ; but if he be, it will haften his 
 Death. And the moft proper place 
 may be the infide of his Thigh to 
 ^anfe a Revulfion. 
 What is to be done when the Parts 
 are ulcerated. 
 
 Yqu may know when the Parts, 
 from Vvhence the Running proceeds, 
 ape become ulcerated, \x\ that, in 
 fitch cafe the Metier will be clammy 
 
 50 ) G L 
 
 and vifcid, and ftick like Pafte to 
 the infide of his Noftrils. Then you 
 ought to ufe Injedions as follows. 
 
 ' Firft-, burn Brtmftone, or Au- 
 ' rtpigmentum under the Horfe*s 
 ' Nofe to cleanfe it, convey it up 
 ' his Nofe by a Funnel.' This will 
 make hira fneeze, and throw out 
 a great dgal of Matter ; then with 
 a Syringe fquirt fome blue Water 
 up his Nofe, to be made as fol- 
 lows. 
 
 ' Take unflack'd Lime half a 
 ' Pound, and having poured upon 
 ' it 2 quarts of boiling IVatcr, let 
 
 * it ftand till it is fettled and grown 
 ' clear, then decant it by Inclina- 
 
 * lion ; and having filtred it thro* 
 ' a brown Paper, put it into a Brafs 
 
 * or Copper Pan ; put into it 2 
 
 * Ounces of crude Sal Armoniack^ 
 
 * and let it fland in the VefTel till 
 ' it is of a fine blue Colour.* 
 
 Or you may ufe this that fol- 
 lows : ' Take a quart of White- 
 
 * wine, and infufe in it 4 handfuis 
 ' of red Rofe-leaves for 48 hours ; 
 
 * pour ofFthe Wine, and mix it with 
 ' two quarts of Plantain- water, a 
 
 * Dram of Orpiment, and a Dram 
 ' of Verdegreafey Aloes and M^rrh 
 ' of each 3 Drams, all finely poW" 
 
 * dered before they are mixed. 
 
 GL A SS W ORT. 
 
 Giafswort is very hot and pene- 
 trating, and a very powerful Promo- 
 ter of Urine ; The Afhes are dry, 
 hot, and are of a cauftick Qiiality. 
 GOAD. 
 
 A Goad is a Stick arm'd at one end 
 with a blunt pointed Iron, to prick 
 and aid a leaping Horfe. The 
 French call it Valety and fome of 
 them have Rowels upon them, only 
 the Points were beaten down ^ and 
 when a Horfe is firft begun round 2 
 Pillar, without a Rider, they prick 
 his Flanks with a Goad, to make 
 him know the Spur, and obey it 
 
 \Yi;h^ 
 
<j R 
 
 (2 
 
 without refifting. The name of 
 Coad is moft commonly made ufe 
 of when the Inftrument is ufed to 
 Oxen, and Valei when to Horfes; 
 but it is not now much in ufe in the 
 Manage Schools. 
 
 G O A T's R U E, 
 
 Solleyfell recommends Goat''s Rue 
 as a great Cordial, and fome other 
 Authors have given it a great Name ; 
 but others are of opinion it has no 
 great Title to any fuch Virtues. 
 GOING. 
 
 Going is the Gate or Pace of a 
 Horfe. 
 
 GOOSE-GRE ASE. 
 
 Goofe-greafe^ is fofcening and e- 
 mollient, and therefore ufed to ri- 
 pen and difcufs, 
 
 GORGED. 
 
 Gorged^ fi^nifies fwell'd ; as, the 
 
 Legs of that Horfe are gorged ; 
 
 that Horfe has his Paftern Joint 
 
 gorged. 
 
 G b U R D Y LEGS. See 
 
 ptveird Legs, 
 
 GRAINS OF PARADISE. 
 
 Grains of Paradifcy are good to 
 comfort a cold and weak Stomach, 
 and are good a<^ainn: the Farcin. 
 G R^A PES. 
 
 Mangy Humours that happen in 
 the Lei^s of a Horfe, are by fome 
 called Grapes. 
 
 GRAPPLE. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to Grapple ; the 
 ExprefTion is peculiar to the hinder 
 Legs, and may be either with one 
 or with both Ls^s : A Horfe is faid 
 to grapple with one Leg when he 
 raifes it precipitantly higher th.in the 
 o:her, v*'Ithout bending the Ham. 
 He grapples both Legs when he 
 lifts them both at once, and raifes 
 them precipitantly, as if he was cur- 
 vetting ; therefore it is ufual to lay 
 your Horfe grspp'es or h^rps, fo 
 that he muft needs hays the Saing- 
 Jjalt in his Houcrh? 
 
 51 ) GR 
 
 GRASS-ROOTS. 
 
 Grafs-Rcots^ are one of the lef^ 
 fer opening Roots, and are good in 
 all Compofitions for cleanfing the 
 inward Parts : They are good in the 
 Yellows and Dropfy j and are by 
 their emollient Softnefs good againft 
 Purfivenefs, and broken- winded and 
 confumptive Cafes. Their Opera- 
 tion is chiefly by Urine. 
 
 GRAVELLING. 
 Gravelling is being fretted with 
 Gravel, c^c. under the Foot, be- 
 tween the Sole and the Shoe, fome- 
 times on the infide, and fometimes 
 on the outfide of the Foot, and 
 fometimes on .both (ides of the 
 Heel. 
 
 The Catife, It comes by means of 
 Gravel-ftones getting between the 
 Hoof, or Calking, or Spungeofthe 
 Shoe, which eats thro' the Hoof into 
 the Qiiick of the Foot, efpecially of 
 fuch Horfes as have fofc and weak 
 Heels or if the Shoe lies fo flat that 
 the Gravel bein^ gotten in cannot 
 get out again. 
 
 Cure. ' If a Horfe be gravelled, 
 take off his Shoe, and with a Draw- 
 ing-Iron draw till you come to the 
 quick ; p'ck out all the Gravel,and 
 fqueeze out the Mitter and Biocd 
 clean, and then wafli it with Coppe- 
 ras-Water ; then having me'ted 
 Sheep s Tallow^ and Bay Salt toge- 
 ther, pour it in fcalding hot, and 
 ftop up the Hole with Hurds, and 
 put the Shoe on acain. But let not 
 the Horfe travel till he is thorovvly 
 well, nor wet his Foot. When 
 the Gravel is out, (top his Foot 
 with Hogs-greafa and Turpentine, 
 melted together, by pouring it in 
 fcalding hot : Or you may pound 
 Hogs-greafe^ Bees-w^x, Verjuice^ 
 and the Juice of Houfelech, in a 
 Mortar together, and having melt- 
 ed it, dip Fiax in it, and ufe it as 
 you did the p:Ker, Or after you 
 • have 
 
G R (2 
 
 * have wafh'd the Foot with Cham- 
 
 * ber-lye and Salt, or Beer and 
 ' Salt, and having melted Pitchy 
 
 * Virgim-ivax^ Deers-fuet^ Boars- 
 ' gree/e^ together with the Juice of 
 
 * Hjufeleek^ put it into the Foot, 
 ' and ftop it with Hurds; and then 
 
 * i^ti the Shoe on again. Or you 
 
 * may dip Flax in the White of an 
 
 * Egg^ and put into it, and heal 
 
 * it with the Powder of Oalh and 
 
 * Tartar mixed together.' 
 
 GRAY. 
 
 Orays are of leveral Sorts, and 
 being compos'd of dark-coloui*d 
 Hairs and white, differ according as 
 they have more or lefs of either 
 Colour \ the branded Gray, or 
 Gray blackened, as it were with 
 pieces of Coals, is one that has 
 Spots wholly black, difpers'd here 
 and there upon the Gray, and^-hich 
 are about the bignefs of the Palms 
 of one's Hand. 
 
 The dappled Gray is a very com- 
 mon Colour \ thefe Horfes have on 
 their Croups, Spots of a d<uker 
 Gray than the reft of their Body, 
 refemb'ing little round Wheels or 
 Circles. 
 
 The light or Jilver Gray, is a 
 bright and lively Colour, in which 
 there is a very fmall Mixture of 
 black Hairs, and no more than to 
 diftinguifh it from the white. 
 
 The fad or pondered Gray has a 
 great Mixture of black Hairs in ir, 
 and is a preity Colour ; when the 
 Main and Tail are white, the blacJ^ 
 Gray is almoft the fame, having a 
 great deal of black, and but a lutle 
 white. 
 
 The brownifl) or fandy coloured 
 Gray, is when there are bay coloured 
 Hairs mixt with the black, and is a 
 very good Colour. 
 
 GREASE. 
 
 Greafe is a Swelling and Gourdi- 
 ncfs of the Legs, which generally 
 
 52 ) G R 
 
 happens to a Horfe after his Jour- 
 ney. 
 
 The Cure, If the Greafe be an 
 Attendant of fome other Difeafe, 
 it will be in vain to attempt the 
 Cure before that Difeafe be remov'd, 
 that is the original Caufe of it ; 
 and therefore if it be a Hectick, the 
 Tellows, or the Farcin^ 5cc. the 
 Direction givoi for thofe Dlfeafes 
 are to be foiiow'd, and in the mean 
 time proper Applications are to be 
 ufed outwardly for the Greafe. 
 But if the Greafe proceeds from 
 common and ordinary Accidents, 
 and the Horfe has no other Dif- 
 tempers upon him, then thofe Ap- 
 plications that are peculiar to that 
 Diftemper are to be foUow'd. 
 
 If the Horfe has been well fed 
 and pampered, then you ought 
 to begin the Cure with Bleeding and 
 Purging, fo as to diminifh the Re- 
 dundancy of the Humours ; but 
 thefe ought to be ufed with Modera- 
 tion, and it may be better to efFe<^ 
 it with fpare Diet and daily La- 
 bour. 
 
 After moderate Evacuations, it 
 may be proper to make a Rowel 
 on the Infide of the Thigh, or on 
 the Belly, and to keep it open for 
 a Month, or longer, as there fhall 
 be occafion : and in the mean time 
 to give the Horfe the Cinnabar or 
 Antimon'mc Balls. {See Antimoniac 
 Balls and Cinnabar Bal',5.) And 
 while you are ufing thefe inward 
 Applications, the Legs fhould be 
 frequently rubb'd v*^ith Wifps of 
 Hay and a Brufh, and Baths and 
 Fomentations appiy'd either to 
 draw the Humours off by Tranfpi- 
 ration, or to put into a State fit to 
 return back again j and the fol- 
 lowing are proper. 
 
 ' Take four handfuls of common 
 * V/ort»wood, St. John^s Wort, Ca^ 
 « momjlsy or the Flowers of it, 
 
 ' and 
 
G R (2 
 
 * and Centaury, of each two hand- 
 
 * fuls, of £/(^er-flowersone handful, 
 ' of Bay-berrys two Ounces, and 
 ' boil them in a Gallon of Water 
 ' till one third is waf1;ed. Let this 
 
 * be a Fomenration : Add to this a 
 ' third of Spirit of Wine or Eran- 
 ' dy, and dip Woollen Cloths in 
 
 * thi?, and having wrung them out, 
 ' apply them as hot as the Horfe 
 ' can bear them to his Legs ; and 
 
 * let this be repeated three or four 
 ' times a day. 
 
 * Sometimes the Sinews are af- 
 ' fefted, and then the Legs will be 
 ' rruch infiam'd ; in fuch cafe you 
 
 * may boil in the Decoction a good 
 ' quantity of the Afhes of the green 
 
 * Twigs of V'meSy Walnut-tree or 
 
 * Oaky and add more Water. 
 
 * If the other Ingredients are not 
 ' eafy to be had, you may make a 
 
 * good Fomentation by boiling the 
 
 * before-mentioned Aflns alone in 
 ' Water, or the Afhes of any other 
 
 * Green Wood. Or you may mix 
 ' Black^ Soap with the Lees of Wine, 
 
 * and apply it warm, or Cow Dung 
 ' boiPd in Vinegar^ to the Horfe's 
 ' Legs. Or the following Poul- 
 
 * tice : 
 
 ' Take half a Pound o£ Honey ^ 
 ' and incorporate with it three Oun- 
 
 * cts of Turpentine with a Spoon, 
 ' then add Fenugreek and Lin feed- 
 ' Meal of each two Ounces, Bay- 
 ' berrys and Juniper-berrys, dry'd 
 
 * and powdered, of each an Ounce ; 
 ' boil them in three Pints of the 
 ' Lees of Ae^ Wine, to the Confif- 
 ' tence of a Poultice; then take it 
 
 * oft the Fire, and put in an Ounce 
 ' of Powder of Ca?nphire ; fpread 
 
 * this Compofition on Cloth?, and 
 ' put it to the Horfe's Legs warm, 
 ' faftening it on with a Roller. Do 
 
 * this from two Days to ei^ht 
 < Days.* ' "" 
 
 I When the Swelling is new> 
 
 53 ) GR 
 
 ' and has a Tendency to break, the 
 
 * camphorated Spirit of Wine alone 
 
 * will do, an Ounce of Camphire 
 
 * being difiolv'd in a Pint of Spi- 
 •^ rits ; for the great Warmth of it 
 
 * checks the Heat and Itching of 
 ' the Leg?, which frequently pre- 
 ' cedes Chops and Sores.' 
 
 Young tender Horfes are very lia- 
 ble to the Greafe, fo that their Legs 
 will fwell by the Imprcillons of cold 
 Air. 
 
 The following Plafter will be 
 good in fuch Cafe% both to diflT- 
 pate the Humours, and to defend 
 the Legs and Patterns from the Air, 
 and other outward Injurys : 
 
 ' Take common Pitch and Did' 
 ' chylony or de Minio^ of each a 
 ' quarter of a Pound, Rofm half a 
 ' Pound, Myrrh^ Oalbanum, and 
 ' Franhince-nfcy of each two Oun- 
 
 * ces. Bole jir7noniac\, and Dra- 
 *■ gon^s Bloody of each an Ounce, 
 
 * and of Olive Oyl a quarter of a 
 ^ Pin: ; ftrain the Oalbanum and 
 
 * diffolve it in the Oyl, with the 
 
 * Pitch and Diachylon, over a 
 ' gentle Fire, and then add the 
 ' other Ingredients, keeping them 
 
 * continually ftirring till the whole 
 ' is incorporated. 
 
 ' Yoa may either fpread It upon 
 
 * Leather, or fpread it hot to the 
 ' Horfe's Legs with a wooden Slice, 
 ' and roll it with a Roller, and let 
 ' it lie on as long as it will (tick j 
 ' and if there be occaflon, you 
 ' may renew it again when it be- 
 ' gins to crumble and fall off.' 
 
 ' Two of thefe Plafters will lafl 
 ' the whole Winter, and will 
 •^ be fufHcient of themfelves, with 
 
 * daily and moderate Exercife ; 
 ' but when the Infirmity is ob- 
 
 * ftinate, the Horfe (hould be 
 
 * turned out to grafs.' 
 
 THE 
 
G R 
 
 (2 
 
 THE DRY GRIPES, OR ASTRIC- 
 
 TION OF THE BOWELS. 
 
 The Caufe. The Dry Gripes pro- 
 ceeds from the Dung hardening and 
 obftruding the Paflages of the Bow- 
 els. When the Matter is pent up 
 in the fiift PalTiges, /. e. in the Sto- 
 mach and Guts, and putrifies m 
 thofe PUceSjthe Juices turn four, be- 
 come vifcid and ropy, and fo fret the 
 tender Membrane which is on the in- 
 fide of the Guts : This Vifcidnefs al- 
 fo entangles the Wind, and by that 
 means caufes a Diftenfion and Swel- 
 ling, fo that the Belly becomes as 
 light as a Drum : And befides, when 
 the Excrements are very much har- 
 dened in the great or ftrait Gut, they 
 occafion a PreiTure upon the Neck of 
 the Bladder, and ftop the PafTages 
 of the Urine, fo that the Horfe can- 
 not pifs ; and fometimes the Fun- 
 dament fwells, and all Parts towards 
 the Sheath, 
 
 The Signs. The Horfe will fome- 
 times tumble and wallow with all 
 four Feet upwards ; and fome will 
 fwell as if they would burft, and 
 their Bladder will be in danger of 
 breaking, and he will be in danger 
 of his Life, [^ fpeedy Relief be not 
 given. 
 
 The Cure. ' Firft let the Horfe be 
 
 * rak'd with a great deal of Caution, 
 « and then give him the following 
 
 < Clyfter : Boil the Leaves of Mal- 
 
 < lows^ Mar (I}- Mallow Sy and Mer- 
 •^ cury^ of each three Handfuls, for 
 
 * half an Hour, in three Quarts of 
 
 * Water; thenftrain iheDecodion, 
 ' and add to it a Qiiarter of a Pound 
 ' of Lenitive Ele^uary, half a 
 « Pound of Oil or Butter, and half 
 « a Pint of Brandy, or Spirit of 
 *^ Wine ; give it the Horfe by way 
 ' ofCIyfter, and caufe him to retain 
 ^ it as long as you can. 
 
 If the Horfe is not much re- 
 lieved in 4 Hours time^ then give 
 him this that follows : 
 
 54) GR 
 
 ' Take Leaves of Mallows^ and 
 ' Marflj Mallovps, of each 3 Hand- 
 ' fuls. Fenugreek, and Linfeeds^ of 
 *= each 2 Ounces, Annifeedi^ Cori- 
 *■ afider Seeds, and Cummin Seeds, 
 ^ of each 2 Drams, Bay-berries, Cu' 
 ' bebs, and Jamaica Pepper, of each 
 ' I Dram ; boil all thefe in Water 
 ' for the fpaceof half an Hour, or 
 
 * infufe them in boiling Water for 
 ' the fpace of 2 Hours j then (train 
 
 * if, and add to the Decodion a 
 ' Pint of Emedch Wine, and give it 
 ' the Horfe bv way of Clyfter. 
 
 ^ But if the Horfe, befide his Cof- 
 tlvenefs, has violent cholick Pains, 
 which proceed from Wind and 
 Phlegm, when the grofler Excre- 
 ments have been difcharg'd, give 
 him the following Clyfter. 
 
 ' Boil of the Tops of Centaury 
 
 * the lefs one handful, of Worm- 
 ^ wood the fam.e Quaniity, the 
 ' Tops of Red-Kofe Leaves two 
 ' handfuls in two Qiiarts of Wa- 
 ' ter, till one fourth Part is boiled 
 ' away ; and having ftrained the 
 
 * Deco£lion, put in half a Pint of 
 ' Treacle-Water or Spirits of Wine, 
 
 * and two Ounces of Diafcordium ; 
 ' and when it is diflblved, give it 
 ' by way of Clyfter.' 
 
 This will quiet the Pain, be as a 
 Cordial to the Bowels, compofe the 
 Spirits of the Horfe, and take off 
 the violent Gripings immediately j 
 which, if it fiiould return, the fame 
 may be repeated, and you may put 
 in 3 Ounces of Diafcordium inftead 
 of 2. 
 
 And to remove the Caufe of the 
 the Diftemper, that it may not re- 
 turn again, gentle Purging may be 
 ufeful, with the VCe of thofe things 
 that are hot and penetrating. After 
 the Violence of the Gripings and 
 Cholick Pains are ceas'd, and iha 
 Stoppage of the Bowels removed, 
 the following Purje will be pro- 
 per : 
 
 'M 
 
G R (2 
 
 * Boil a Handful of Mallows, 
 
 * and as much Ma-rf})- Mallows, and 
 ' 6 Ounces o^ Mar (JjA'I allow P^ootSy 
 
 * of Bay-berries an Ounce, 5''^^' 
 
 * per- berries the fame Quantity, and 
 ^ 2 Ounces of Se«4, in 3 Pints of 
 < Water, :ii; one third is confumed j 
 'and when you have drained the 
 
 * Decoftion, put In 2 Ounces of the 
 ' Svrup oi Buckthorn* 
 
 ' Give this to the Horfe, keeping 
 
 * him fading 2 Hours before, and 
 
 * 2 Hours after ; walk him abroad 
 
 * for an Hour, and when he comes 
 ' home give him Tripe-broth ftrew'd 
 
 * with Oatmeal, in a Horn, if he 
 
 * refufe to drink it.' 
 
 If the Fundament of the Horfe 
 fee fwell'd, and he cannot ftale, 
 and that Symptom does not wear 
 off after the ufe of the fore-men« 
 tioned Apph'caiions, then you muft 
 have recourfe to fuch Things as 
 are proper to keep down an Inflam- 
 mation. To which Purpofe the 
 following Medicine will be ufeful : 
 ' BoiUwo handfuls of Ksd-B^ofe 
 Leaves for half an Hour in a 
 Quart of Water j then add to it 
 a little Brandy, Spirits of Wine 
 or Kura, and having dipt a 
 Spunge in it, bathe the Horfe's 
 Fundament and Sheath with it 
 as hot as he can endure it, every 
 now and then j mix Spirits with 
 n, every time it is ^i^q^. 
 ' r.ccp his Y^rd up to his Belly 
 by an eafy Bandage, becaufe that 
 Part being dependent, the Hu- 
 mours ^o more eafily fall into 
 it : And if this happens to a 
 Stone-horfe, his Stones ought to 
 be kept up in a Bag.' 
 And in as much as Coftivenefs, 
 and the dry Gripes, are occafioned 
 by vifcid flimy matter, which is 
 ingendred in the firft PafTages, it 
 will be very proper, after the fore- 
 going Means have been \}ik^i and 
 
 5S ) G R 
 
 the moft material Symptoms hava 
 been removed, to give the Horia 
 fuch Things as are proper to cany 
 off the Remains of thofe Vifciditys. 
 For which the following Powdei 
 will be of great ufe : 
 
 « Take Blrthwort and Gentian^ 
 ' of each two Ounces, Calamus 
 ' Aro7?iaticus, Galangal and Zedoa- 
 ' ry, of each half an Ounce, th« 
 ' Tops of dry'd Wormwood, ani 
 ' the lelTer Centaury, of each thrc« 
 ' Qi-iarters of an Ounce, Bay-her- 
 ' rys. Ginger, N^itmegs and Black- 
 
 * pepper, of each a Quarter of aa 
 ' Ounce ; let all be finely powder- 
 ' ecf, and kept in a Glafs ; give 
 ' the Horfe a fpoonful of this Pow- 
 ' der every Morning in White>- 
 
 * Wine, Ale, or a decoclion of 
 ' F<tie, keeping him fafting two. 
 ' Hours before, and one afier.* 
 
 G R O M ^ E L. 
 
 Gromwel Seeds are a powerful 
 Diuretick, and do verv much force 
 by the urinary Padages ; and there- 
 fore are fuccefs fully adminiftred ia 
 all Sroppaees in thofe Parts. 
 
 GROtfND IVY, or GILL. 
 
 This Herb is of a pungent, ni- 
 trous and earthy Tr.fte, and an ef- 
 ficacious Remedy in nioft Difeafes 
 of the Lungs and Bread:, and is 
 therefore proper in broken-winded 
 and confuroptive Cafes ; the bed 
 way of aJminiftring it to Horfes, 
 is the Powder of the Herb being 
 dry'd : and fo it is an excellent In- 
 gredient in peroral Balls, being 
 compounded with other Balfa- 
 micks, CT'f. 
 
 G R O tJ N D PINE. 
 
 Ground Fine is accounted a "ood 
 Reftorative, and very efficacious ia 
 healing Ulcers. 
 
 GROUNDSEL, 
 
 This is a Plant that grows out 
 of Old Walls, and on the Tops of 
 Houfcsj it is cooling and digtfting, 
 
 9nd 
 
G U 
 
 ( 256 ; 
 
 G U 
 
 and goo>j againft all Di feafes co- 
 ming from Hear, alfo the Yellows ; 
 it provokes Urine, and is chipfly 
 made ufe of to Horfes in ripening 
 Cataplafms, and the decodion of 
 it may be of ufe in Clyfters, 
 GROUPADES. 
 
 Groupades is corruptly ufed for 
 Croupades. 
 
 GRUME. 
 
 Grume is a thick, vifcid Confif- 
 
 tence of a Fluid, like what we call 
 
 ropy, as the White of an Egg, or 
 
 clotted like cold Blood. And hence, 
 
 G R U M O U S. 
 
 Grumous Blood xs that which is 
 too thick for Circulation, and ftag- 
 nates. 
 
 G U A I A C U M. 
 
 Gttaiacum is a Gum drawn from 
 the Guaiacufn Wood : It is a great 
 Promoter of infenfible Perfpira- 
 tion, and is therefore ufed as a 
 Sweetner of the Blood, It is good 
 in the Minge, Leprofy, Farcin, 
 and all Foulnefles of the Skin, and 
 in many other Diftempers of long 
 Handing. 
 
 GULLET. 
 
 The Gullet is hollow and round. 
 It begins at the Root of the Tongue 
 behind the Head of the Wind-pipe, 
 and pafles under ir, turning a little 
 to the right, to give way to the 
 great Artery ; afterwards it inclines 
 to the left, and paifes thro' the 
 Midriff, and is inferted into the Sto- 
 mach, towards irs left fide. 
 
 It confifts of three Coats or Ca- 
 fes ; the OutermcJ} of which feems 
 to come from the Pleura, dec. the 
 mid diem oft Coat is mufcular and 
 thick, and confifts of two Ranks of 
 flefhy Fibres, which afcend and de- 
 fcend obliquely crofs one another j 
 the tnnermoft Coat is membranous, 
 having only ftrait Fibres ■, the Veins 
 communicate with thofe of the 
 Breaft and Neck, and fo do its 
 
 Arterys alfo. At the Beginning of 
 it, there are two large Glands or 
 Kernels, which feparate a Moifture 
 to keep the Infide of it glib. 
 
 Where it is inferted into the 
 Stomach, it is compos'd of a pretty 
 thick Subftance, which is made up 
 of circular and flefhy Fibres, by 
 which it contrafts and dilates itfelf, 
 either to (but up the Stomach, or 
 to give way to the Aliment at plea- 
 fur e. 
 
 This is call'd the left or upper 
 Orifice of the Stomach; and that 
 whereby it difcharges itfelf into 
 the Duodenum, is call'd its right 
 or lower Orifice. G'lbfon. 
 G U M. 
 
 Gum is a vegetable Subftance, 
 which differs from a Refin, in that 
 it is more vifcid and lefs friable, and 
 generally diffolving in aqueous Men- 
 ftruums 5 whereas Refins being 
 more fulphureous, require a fpiriiu- 
 ous DifTolvent. 
 
 GUM LACKE. 
 
 Gum Lac\e Is a Comforter of the 
 Heart and Liver, and opens Ob- 
 flruftions, expels Urine, and is 
 good for the Yellows. 
 GUNSHOT WOUNDS. 
 
 All Wounds m^de by Gun-fhot, 
 are attended with iofs of Subflance 
 and Contufion, and therefore are 
 not liable to fuch great Haemorrha- 
 geg of Blood, as they are which are 
 made by a fharp cutting Inftrument, 
 
 The Cure of them is more or lefs 
 certain and eafy, according to their 
 Size and Shape ; for a fmall Wound 
 is more eafily cur'd than a large 
 one, and one that is round more 
 eafily than one which is ragged 
 and torn, which are made by Stones, 
 old Nails, Splint?, (i^c. 
 
 The Cure. The firft Thing to 
 be done in the curing thefe Wounds 
 xs, to take out the Bullet, Stone, 
 vc, if it be prafticable ; but that 
 
 is 
 
H A 
 
 C 2J7 ) 
 
 H A 
 
 IS nor always pradicablc, becaufe 
 they are oftentimes lodg'd within 
 the Cavity of the Body, and in 
 the thick flefhy Parts. 
 
 If this be done, it ought to be 
 done without tearing the Flefh too 
 much ; but if it be not pradica- 
 ble, a Counter-opening fhould be 
 made on the outfide, towards 
 the Bottom of the Wound, where 
 any hardnefs is perceiv'd j but this 
 muft be perform'd without touch- 
 ing the large Vefiels : and this 
 being done, the Bullet is to be 
 drawn out with the Fingers, or an 
 Inftrument. 
 
 The next thing to be attempt- 
 ed, is to bring the Wound to a 
 good and iaudible Digeflion, that 
 it may caft off the mortified Flefh ; 
 For this the common Digef^ive, 
 with a little Mixture of Oyl of 
 Rofes will be very good, being 
 poured daily into the Wound. 
 You ought alfb often to cleanfe the 
 Wound with Spirit of Wine, and 
 to bathe the hot and inflamed Parts 
 with it. 
 
 ' If the Inflammation is very great, 
 
 * and you perceive any threaten- 
 
 * ings of a Fever, it will be p oper 
 
 * to take away a moderate Quan- 
 
 * lity of Blood, and give laxative 
 
 ' Clyfler?, and alfo to apply a 
 ' Poultice made of Barley-Flower^ 
 ' Fefjni^reek-Meal, and Meal of 
 ' Linfeed, boil'd in Milh, till it is 
 ' thick, adding a good Quantity of 
 
 * Ointment of Mar/lj- Mallows, to 
 ' moifte.n it, and putting an Ounce 
 
 * of Powder of Ca7nphire into e- 
 
 * very Porringer-full of the Poul- 
 
 * tice. 
 
 « Put a very foft and fnort Tent 
 ' into the Orifice^ and apply the 
 
 * Poultice over the Inflammation 
 
 * twice a day.* 
 
 When large VefTels are wound- 
 ed, and there is a very great Hae- 
 morrhage, then drefs it fiift with 
 a foft Tent, dipt in a Solution of 
 Stiptick-Powder ; and if the Wound 
 goes thro' any Member, you muft 
 drefs both Orifices alike. 
 
 When a Wound is among Si- 
 news or other nervous Parts, then 
 apply to it a Mixture of the com- 
 mon Digeftive, and Oyl of Tur» 
 pentine, and bathe it now and 
 then with camphorated Spirits. 
 
 It ought to be remembred. That 
 Wounds made with Gunfhot, can- 
 not bear any Bandage, farther 
 than it is neceffary to keep on 
 the Drefling, till the mortified Part 
 and Scar is caft of. 
 
 Jfel,fol'^lll)-l,l.,^£^'^££Jl^^^l.^afe££^ 
 
 H. 
 
 HAIR. 
 
 HAir is the firft Thing in a 
 Horfe that prefents itfelf to 
 our view, and may be call'd the up- 
 permofl Covering of the Body, and 
 lerves both for Ornament and De- 
 fence. If you obferve a Horfe's 
 Hair in general, buc efpecially a- 
 
 bouc the Neck, and thofe Parts 
 that are uncovered, and if they be 
 fleek and fmooth, and clofe, then 
 the Horfe is in good cafe ; but if 
 they are rough and flaring, or any 
 way unnaturally difcoloured, then 
 the Horfe is inwardly cold at the 
 Heart, oi elfe there is fome Sick= 
 S nefs 
 
HA (2 
 
 nefs creeping upon him. It is often 
 callM the Coat of a Horfe ; it is a 
 Defence from the Injurys of Cold 
 and Hear, nnd thofe Accidents to 
 which he wou'id be expos*d in his 
 feeding among Shrubs and Bufhes ; 
 and the long Hair that grows on 
 the Footlock, is a Defence to the 
 prominent Part of it, in travelling 
 on ftony Ways, or in frofty Wea- 
 ther, which elfe would be too 
 much expos'd to Wounds and Erui- 
 {es. 
 
 The Fore- top. Mane and Tail of 
 a Horfe, coniribute very much to 
 the Beauty of an Horfe ; being a 
 fuirable Decoration to a Creature of 
 fo much Fire and Mettle. 
 
 Hair, which the French call Po'tl^ 
 is ufed 10 fignify that Part of the 
 Flank, that ufes the Prick of the 
 Spur : So they fay. After you have 
 pricked your Horfe, do not leave 
 5'our Spur in his Hair : And alfo. 
 Remove your Spur from the Hair, 
 and prefently recover your Legs to 
 their Place, for you always leave 
 your Spurs in his PoiU 
 
 Pale.Ha.ir is thofe Parts of the 
 Shin, that approach more to White 
 than the refl, not being of fo high 
 a Tinge. 
 
 Staring-Hair is an Expreflion 
 made ufe of concerning a Horfe, 
 whofe Hair briftles up, or ftands 
 upright. This Diforder is ufually 
 caufed by a Horfe not being well cur- 
 ried or covered, or hous*d too coldly. 
 
 To rub a Horfe a Poil, is to rub 
 him down with the Grain, or as the 
 Hair naturally lies, and not againft 
 the Hair. 
 
 TO MAKE HAIR COME SOON, 
 THICK AND LONG. 
 
 If any Place be bare or thin of 
 Hair, or if it be fhort, the antient 
 Farriers ufed to wafh the Place with 
 the Urine of a young Boy, and af- 
 ter that walh it with the Lee of un- 
 
 58 ) HA 
 
 flak'd Lime, Ccrufe and Litharge, 
 and it is fa id it would come foon 
 long and thick. 
 
 Others fay, if you wafh the 
 Place with Water in which the 
 Roots of Alth&a have been boil- 
 ed, and dry it gently with your 
 Hand, it will much encreafe ; The 
 fame fay, if you wafh the Place 
 with Oyl mingled with Hair, Afties 
 of burnt Nut-Shells, or burnt SnaiU 
 Shelby it will encreafe it. Others 
 fay, that if you anoint the Place 
 with Goats-Milk,in which Agrimony 
 is pounded, or with Oyl, in which 
 a Mole-Warp has been boiled, it 
 will increafe the Hair much. Others 
 bruife Nettle-Seed, with Honey-Wa- 
 ter and Salt, and rub the Piace 
 with ir. Others anoint the Place 
 with the Juice of a long Onion, or 
 of Radijhes, Others mingle Alum, 
 Uoney, Goats-Bung, and the Blood 
 of a Swine, flirring them well to- 
 gether over the Fire, till they are 
 ready to boil, and rub the bare 
 Place with it hot. 
 
 Others pound the Root of a 
 White Lilly, and boiling it in Oyl, 
 anoint the Place with it. Others 
 boil Tar, Oyl o^ Olives, and Honey 
 together, and anoint the bare Place 
 with ir. 
 
 Others recommend this as the 
 beft of all : Burn Oreen-Walnut- 
 Shells to powder, and mix it with 
 Honey, Oyl and Wine, and anoint 
 the bare Place with it, and it will 
 quickly and wonderfully increafe 
 Hair. 
 
 TO MAKE HAIR SMOOTH, 
 SLEEK AND SOFT. 
 
 Keep the Horfe warm at heart, 
 for the leaft inward Cold will 
 make the Hair fiare ; then make 
 him fweat often, for that will raife 
 up the Dufl and Sweat that makes 
 his Coat foul. And when he is in 
 a great Sweat, fcrape off all the 
 
 white 
 
H A 
 
 ( 2JP ) 
 
 H A 
 
 ;vhite Foam, Sweat and Filth that 
 rhall be raifed up, with an old 
 Sword- Blade, and that will lay his 
 Coat even and finooth. When 
 yoM let the Horfe bloody rub him 
 all over with his own Blood, and 
 let him cont-nue To for 2 or 3 Days, 
 then curry and drefs him well, end 
 it will make his Coat fhine like 
 Gla fs. 
 
 OF THE SHEDDING OF 
 THE HAIR. 
 
 The Caufe. The reafon of the 
 fhedding the Hair from the Mane 
 of an Horfe, fome fay Is, that there 
 are little Worms that eat and fret 
 the Roots of the Hair afunder. 
 
 * The Cure, Firil: anoint the 
 
 * Mane and Creft wMth black Soap, 
 ' then having made a ftrong Lye of 
 ' Water and Afies, or Urine and 
 ' -^y7;f jjWafh the Mane all over with 
 
 * it, and it will help it. 
 
 HOW TO TAKE OFF HAIR 
 
 IN ANY PART OF THE 
 
 BODY. 
 
 Diflblve 8 Ounces of unflak'd 
 Lime in Water, and boil it till a 
 Quarter of it is confumed ; then put 
 to it an Ounce of Orpiment^ and 
 lay a Plafter of it to any Part of 
 the Horfe, and in a few Hours it 
 will bring off all the Hair. 
 
 Some boil Ruji and Orptment in 
 Water, and wafli the Place with it 
 very hot, and it will quickly take 
 off the Hair. See Mange. 
 H A L B E R T. 
 
 Halbert is a piece of Iron i Inch 
 broad, and 3 or 4 Inches long, fol- 
 dered to the Toe of a Horfe's'^Shoe, 
 that fers out before, to hinder a 
 lame Horfe from reftin^ or treading 
 upon his Toe. 
 
 Halbert Shoes do of neceffity con- 
 ftrain a lame Horfe to tread or reft 
 on his Heel, when he goes a mo- 
 derate Pace.; which lengthens aod 
 
 draws out the Back-Sinew, that vra? 
 fomewhai fhrunk before, 
 HALTER. 
 
 A Halter for 2 Horfe is a Head- 
 ftal of Hungary Leather, mounted 
 with one, and fometimes wiih two 
 Straps, with a fecond Throat-band^ 
 \\ the Horfe is apt to unhalter him- 
 lelf. 
 
 HALTER-CAST. 
 
 Halt er-C a/I, is an Excoriation of 
 the Paftern, occafioned by the Hal- 
 ter being entangled about the Horfe's 
 Foot, by his endeavouring to rub 
 his Neck with his hinder Feet. 
 
 Ihe Cure. « Take L'mfeed Oil 
 
 * and Brandy^oftQch an equal Quan- 
 
 * tity, fhake them together in a GhCs 
 ' till they are .well mixed, and a- 
 
 * noint the Part Morning and Everi- 
 ' ing, having firft clip'd away the 
 « Hair. Note, The Foot muft be 
 ' kept very clean.' 
 
 A fimple Hurt may be cured by 
 applying the Duke's Ointment, or 
 by IVine and Cil in equal Quantities^ 
 boird together till the Wine is eva- 
 porated, the remaining Oil being 
 apply'd once a Day to the Hurt. 
 
 Soleyfell fays, That he once curedi 
 a Horfe, who being ty'd with two 
 Chains had entangled h:s Foot, and 
 with violent Struggling had cut the 
 Infide of the Paftern to the Bone $ 
 which occafioned a great Swelling 
 in his Leg and Paftern, fo that there 
 was danger of a Gangrenci 
 
 Having ordered the Hair to be 
 clip'd away, he apply'd the Honey 
 Charge once a Day, always rubbing 
 his Leg with the Duke's Ointment. 
 
 The Farriers had doom'd the Horf^ 
 to irrecoverable Lamenefs, yet he 
 was cured in a Month, and did not 
 halt above fix Weeks 5 tho the Gro- 
 net was fvvoUen and inflamed, Cd 
 that he was afraid he would have cad 
 his Hoof, 
 
 s* 
 
 There- 
 
HA r 2 
 
 Therefore he drefs'd the Hurt in 
 the Hollow of the Paftern with the 
 white Honey Charge, apply*d an 
 Aftringent to the Cronet^ made of 
 the Powder of unflak'd LimCy with 
 the fecond Water, binding it up 
 with a Cover, and another upon the 
 Honey Charge. 
 
 HALTING. 
 If a Horfe halts, his Grief muft be 
 either in his Shoulder, in his Legs, 
 or in his Feet. 
 
 If his Grief be in his Shoulder, it 
 muft either be on the Top of the 
 Shoulder-blade, which is called the 
 Withers ; or the bottom of the 
 Shoulder-blade, joining to the Mar- 
 row-bone, which is the Fore- pitch 
 of the Bread ; or in the Elbow, 
 which joins the nether End of the 
 Marrow- bone and the Leg together. 
 The signs to know where the 
 Grief is, Firft as to the Shoulder ; 
 If a Horfe does not lift up his Leg, 
 but trails it on the Ground, it is in 
 his Shoulder, and the Hurt is new ; 
 Or if the Horfe in going cafts out one 
 Leg more than the other, and with 
 his Knee in a manner unbent, it is 
 in his Shoulder, and the Hurt is olJ. 
 If you take hold of the Headftal of 
 the Bridle, and with both Hands 
 turn the Horfe as fhort as poflibly 
 can be, and in turning he favours 
 his Leg on the lame fide, then the 
 Grief is in his Shoulder. If a Horfe, 
 while he ftands in the Stable, ftretch- 
 es out his Foreleg, and fets it out 
 farther than the other, it is a Token 
 the Grief is probably in the Shoul- 
 der, but not certainly. 
 
 To know in what Part of the 
 Shoulder. If a Horfe halts more 
 when one is upon his Back than 
 when one is nor, it is a Sign that 
 the Grief is in the top of the Withers. 
 And if the Horfe (brinks much, and 
 offers to bite at you, when you 
 gripe and handle him upon (he top 
 
 (5o ) HA 
 
 of the Shoulder-blade, you may be 
 fure the Grief is in the Withers. 
 
 If a Horfe goes ftooping to the 
 Ground, and treads his Steps very 
 thick, it is a Token that the Grief is 
 in his Breaft, between the upper part 
 of the Marrow-bone, and the nether 
 part of the Spade-bone. And if you 
 prefs your Thumb hard upon that 
 part, the Horfe will fhrink, and be 
 ready to fall down. 
 
 If when you take the Elbow of 
 the Horfe betwixt your Finger and 
 Thumb, and gripe it, he prefently 
 takes his Foot from the Ground, and 
 lifts up his Leg, and makes an Offer 
 to bire you, then the Grief is only 
 in the Elbow. 
 
 When a Horfe's Grief is in his 
 Leg, it is either in his Knee, his 
 Shank, or his Paftern Joint. If it 
 be in his Knee, or his Paftern Joint, 
 then wher he goes he will not bow 
 his Knee, or Paftern Joint, like the 
 other, but will go very ftiiHy upon 
 them. 
 
 If the Grief or Pain be in the Hor- 
 fe's Shank, it will be apparent to be 
 feen, and is by reafon of feme Splint, 
 Screw, Wind-gall, or fome other 
 fuch vifible Malady. 
 
 If that which caufes the Horfe to 
 halt be in his Foot, then it is either 
 in the Cronet, in the Heel, or in 
 the Toe, in the Quarters, or in the 
 Sole of his Foot. 
 
 If it be in the Cronet it will be 
 vifibJe, the Skin will fome way or 
 other be broken, or fwelled ; or if 
 you lay your Hand upon it, it will 
 burn or glow exceedingly: And then 
 the Horfe has got fome Strain in 
 the Joint, within the Hoof. 
 
 If it be in the Heel it is alfo vifi- 
 ble, as by an Over-reach or other- 
 wife, and the Horfe will tread alto- 
 gether upon his Toe, 
 
 If the Grief be upon any of the 
 
 Quarters (/. e* from the middle of 
 
 I the 
 
HA (2 
 
 the Hoof to the HeeJ) then he will 
 halt more when he goes on the Edge 
 of a Bank, than when he goes upon 
 plain Ground. And you may diftin- 
 guilh whether it be in the inward or 
 outward Quarters, by the Horfe's 
 coming towards you, or going from 
 you, upon fuch Edge or Bank. 
 
 Sometimes a Horfe will halt upon 
 his Quarters by being prick'd with a 
 Nail, To know whereabouts the 
 Grief is, take a pair ofPincers, and 
 nip the head of every Nail and his 
 Hoof together, and by that means 
 you will difcover which Nail it is ; 
 draw that Nail : And alfo if the Nail 
 (ink in, there his Pain is. 
 
 If the Caufe of his halting be in 
 his Toe, which is feldom oc never 
 feen, then he will tread altogether 
 upon his Heel. 
 
 If the Malady is in the Sole of the 
 Foot, by the Horfe having trod upon 
 fome Nail or Stub, or by furbating 
 and the like, then he will halt alike 
 upon any Ground whatfoever, ex- 
 cept upon the Stones, upon which 
 he will halt mofV. 
 
 If a Horfe halt behind, the Grief 
 muft neceflarily be in his Hip (which 
 fome call the Huckle-bone) or in the 
 ftifF in the Hoof, in the Ham, in 
 the Leg, in the nether Joint, in the 
 Paftern, or in the Foot. 
 
 If a Horfe halt in the Hip, by 
 reafon of any new hurt, he will go 
 Cdelong, and will not follow fo well 
 with that Leg as with any other : 
 Nor will he be able to turn upon 
 that Side, without favouring his Leg 
 very much. But if the Hurt be old, 
 then the fore Hip will ftirink and be 
 lower than the other ; and it will 
 be moft eafily difcern'd when he 
 goes up a Hill, or on the Edge of a 
 Bank, fo that the worft Leg may go 
 on the higher fide, for then he will 
 halt fo much the more j it being 
 painful to him to go fo unevenly, 
 ivxcnchipg his J-eg. 
 
 61 ) HA 
 
 If the Hurt be in the Stiff, when 
 the Horfe goes he will caft the flifF 
 Joint outwards, and the Bone which 
 is on the infide will be fomething 
 bigger than the other ; and he will 
 not be able to do any more than 
 touch the Ground with his Toe. 
 
 If the Hurt be in the Hoof, k is 
 vifible to be feen, and may be feir, 
 being occafioned by fome Spavin, or 
 elfe by fome Strain or Blow ; and 
 then the Swelling will appear moft 
 evidently. And the like may be faid 
 of the Ham, in which the SeUander 
 and fuch vifible Sores may be feen, 
 which caufe the Horfe to halt. 
 
 If the Grief be in the Leg,Paflern, 
 or Foot, it may be difcovered by the 
 Tokens that have been mentioned 
 before. 
 
 To know if a Horfe has any hid- 
 den Infirmity in him that will make 
 him halt ivhen he comes to travel, 
 
 Caufe one to run the Horfe in his 
 Hand, at the length of the Halter, 
 and obferve if he fet down his Legs ; 
 for if any of them be infirm he will 
 favour it : And if you perceive not 
 that he favours any Leg, ride him 
 roundly up and down the Road, and 
 afterwards let him ftand flill for an 
 Hour, and after that run him again 
 in the Hand at the Halter*s length, 
 as before, and if he has any Imper- 
 feftion as to halting, he will (tew 
 if, by favouring that Limb that has 
 any Grief. 
 
 Jo know whence thefe Griefs 
 proceed, if the Grief proceeds from 
 a cold Caufe, then a Horfe will halt 
 moft when he is cold, and leaft 
 when he \s hot, and has travelled 
 much ; But when k proceeds from 
 a hot Caufe, then he will halt moft 
 when he is travelled or chafed. 
 
 For the Cure of all manner of 
 
 Haltings, fee the Remedies under 
 
 their proper Heads, as Hip^ Hoof^ 
 
 shoulder. Spavin^ Strain^ Stroke^ &c, 
 
 ^1 KAMS, 
 
HA {%6%) 
 
 H A 
 
 HAMS. 
 The Hami of a Horfe fhould be 
 large, full, and not much bended, 
 dry, difcharged of Flefh, nervous 
 and fupple ; all which Qualities are 
 as neceiTary for the Goodnefs, as 
 light Shape and Becuty of the Hams. 
 
 The lr/iperfe£iions to which the 
 Hams are fubje^. Obferve if there 
 be a Capalet upon the Tip or Point 
 of the Hock ; This is to be known 
 by the Tip of the Hock being mo- 
 vable, and more fweli'd than ordi- 
 nary. If a Capalei be fmall, it is no 
 great prejudice to a Horfe, and is 
 one of the leaft Imperfedions to 
 which the Ham is liable ; but if it 
 grows large it will be pninfu!, and 
 caufe the Horfe to lofe his Body. 
 
 Again, you niuft ob(erve if there 
 be any fort of Wind- Gall (which is 
 a Swelling compos'd of a foft and 
 fpungy Flefln) growing between the 
 Flefh and the Skin, and fituate in 
 the Hollow next to the Hock, and 
 beneath the big Sinew, a little above 
 the Capalet^ and bending of the 
 Ham. 
 
 Again^ below the Capalet, and a 
 little inclining towards the infide, 
 upon the backfide of the Ham, comes 
 a Swelling called a Curb, which fre- 
 quently makes a Horfe to halt, and 
 keeps the whole Leg ftifF, becaufe 
 the Ply and Bending of the Ham is 
 troubled with it. 
 
 Below the Curb and Varijfe^ but 
 incre upon the infide, and upon the 
 iJpper Part of the Inftep, beneath 
 the bending of the Ham, come the 
 Spavins, which commonly lame a 
 Horfe at laft. 
 
 HAND. 
 
 A Hand is the meafure of a Fill 
 tlenched, by which the Height of a 
 Korfe is meafured. A Horfe for 
 V^ar fiiould be i5 or i8 Hands 
 high. 
 
 Spear-hand, or Sivord-har.d^ \s a 
 Horfsman'^ right Hand. 
 
 Bridle-hand^ Is a Horfeman*s left 
 hand. A Horfeman fhould hold his 
 Bridle-hand 2 or 3 Inches above the 
 Pommel of the Saddle. 
 
 A Horfeman is faid to have no 
 Hand^ when he makes not ufe of 
 the Bridle but unfeafonably, and 
 knows not how to give the Aids or 
 Helps of the hand with due nicety. 
 
 To keep a Horfe upon the hand, 
 fignifies to feel him in the Stay up- 
 on the hand, and to be always pre- 
 pared to avoid any furprize from a 
 Horfe. When a Horfe always o- 
 beys, and anfwers the EfFeds of the 
 hand, he is faid to reft well upon 
 the hand. 
 
 A light Hand, a good Horfeman 
 ought to have a light Hand^ which 
 means, that he ought only to feel 
 the Horfe upon his hand, fo as to 
 refift him whenever he attempts to 
 flip from it ; and afloon as he has 
 made his Refiftance, be ought to 
 lower the Bridle inftead of cleaving 
 to it. 
 
 If a Horfe, by a too great Eager- 
 nefs to go forward, prefles too much 
 upon the hand, the hand ought to 
 be flack*d at certain times, and at 
 other times to be kept hard, in or- 
 der to difappoint the Horfe from 
 prefling continually upon the Bit. 
 
 A good Hand is the before-men- 
 tioned Facility or Liberty of the 
 Horfeman, of flackening or ftifFning 
 the hand. 
 
 To jlack the Hand, or to yield 
 the Hand, is to flacken the Bridle. 
 
 To hold up the Hand, or to 
 fuflain the Hand, is to pull in the 
 Bridle. 
 
 To guide a Horfe upon the Handy 
 is to turn or change Hands upon 
 one Tread. 
 
 To force the Hand, a Horfe is 
 faid to do fo, when he does not fear 
 the Bridle, but runs away in fpite of 
 the Horfeman. 
 
 To 
 
HA ( 2^3 ) HA 
 
 it is very proper to knit and bind all 
 
 To work a Horfe upon the Handy 
 IS to manage him by tiie Effeds of 
 the Bridle, without any other Helps 
 except the Calves of the Legs. 
 
 To make a Horfe part from the 
 Hand, is to put on at full fpeedj and 
 to fuffer a Horfe to flip from the 
 Handy is the fame. 
 
 Tore-hand. The Parts of the 
 Fore-hand are the Head, Neck, and 
 Pore-quarters. 
 
 Hind-hand includes all the other 
 parts of the Body of the Horfe. 
 
 To beat upon the Hand, See 
 Beat, 
 
 To change the Handy or turn. 
 See Change, 
 
 The Efe^s of the Hand, See Ef- 
 fe^s. 
 
 To feel a Horfe upon the Hand, 
 See Feel. 
 
 Fall Hand. Sec Appui, 
 
 To haflen the Hand, See Hafle, 
 
 To he heavy upon the Hand, See 
 Heavy, 
 
 To part from the Hand. See 
 Part, To make a Horfe part right 
 from the Hand, he fhould not put 
 himfelf upon his Back or Reins, but 
 bring down his Hips. 
 
 To prefs upon the Hand, See 
 Pref, 
 
 The Stay of the Hand, See jip~ 
 pui, 
 
 H A Q^U E N E. 
 
 Haqaene is an old French Word 
 for an ambling Horfe. 
 HARD. 
 
 A Hard Horfe is one that is infen- 
 fible of the Whip or Spur. 
 HART EVIL, or STAG EVIL. 
 
 The Hati-Evil is a kind of Rheum, 
 or Defludion, which falls upon the 
 Jaws and other Parts of a Horfe, 
 and hinders him from eating : And 
 fonietimes this Difeafe alfo afFeds 
 the hinder Parts. 
 
 H A R T S.H O R N. 
 
 The Shavings of Harti-horn are 
 very ftrengthning, and the Jelly of 
 
 forts of Horfe-balls, that are given 
 in confumptive broken-winded Ca- 
 fes, and in all Cafes whatfoever 
 where binding and ftrengrhening is 
 required. Alfo Harts-horn burnt or 
 calcined is very good in all Loofe- 
 nefles, that proceed from the Sharp- 
 nefs and Acrimoy of the Juices. 
 VOLATILE SPIRIT, SALT, and 
 OIL OF HARTS-HORN. 
 
 All thefe are made by one and the 
 fame Procefs ; as follows : 
 
 Put folid Pieces of Harts-horn in- 
 to a Retort, or Iron Pot, that has a 
 Copper Head, filling it about 2 
 thirds ; fet it on a naked Fire, in- 
 creafe the Fire by degrees, till the 
 whole is raifed. 
 
 The Salt and Spirit are to be rec- 
 tified afterwards : And in reflifying 
 them, the Salt will come over Into 
 the Receiver, but the Volatile Sale 
 will ftick to the Neck of the Retort, 
 
 The Spirit is only a fmall Portion 
 of the Volatile Salt, diluted in the 
 Phlegm. It is very efficacious in 
 promoting Difcharges by Sweat, and 
 is proper in any Diforders that af- 
 fect the Nerves ; But the Volatile 
 Salt is endued with all thofe Proper- 
 ties in a much higher degree. 
 HARTS 'TONGUE. 
 
 Harts Tongue is of a binding dry- 
 ing Quality, is good to ftrengthen 
 the Liver, for a Lask, and the biting 
 of Serpents. 
 
 HAUNCHES. 
 
 The Haunches or H;ps of a Horfe 
 are thofe Parts of the Hind-quar- 
 ters which extend from the Reins or 
 Back to the Hoof or Ham. One 
 of the moft neceflary Leflbns in ma- 
 naging the great Horfe, is that of 
 putting him upon his Haunches j 
 which in other Terms is called to 
 couple him well, or to put him well 
 together, or compad. 
 
 A Horfe that does not bend or 
 
 lower his Haunches, throws himfelf 
 
 S 4 too 
 
H A 
 
 ( 264) 
 
 H E 
 
 too much upon his Shoulders, and 
 lies heavy upon the Bridle. To 
 make a Horfe bend his Haunches, 
 you muft frequently make him go 
 backwards, and make ufe of the 
 Aidsof the Hand, and of the Calves 
 of the Legs, in giving him good 
 Stops; and if this Management docs 
 not Cacceed^ you fhould try him up- 
 on a Calade, or doping Ground, af- 
 ter the Italian Fafhion. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have his Haunch- 
 es in fubjedion, and to falque very 
 wellj when in making his Falquades 
 he holds his Haunches very low, and 
 bends them admirably v;ell. 
 
 To drag the Haunches , \s to 
 change the leading Foot in gallop- 
 ing, SomeHorfes have their Haunch- 
 es too long, and altho they may 
 walk well, yet their Fore-quarters 
 are quickly ruined, becaufe the Hind- 
 quarters prefs upon them with (o 
 much Violence, that the forepart 
 cannot refift it. Such Horfes will 
 climb very well, and therefore are 
 excellent in hilly Countries ; but 
 then they are no wife fure upon a 
 Defcent, becaufe they cannot ply 
 their Hams, 
 
 This may be known by the Hor- 
 fes galloping, for they can never 
 perform it flowly, becaufe they can- 
 not fo ply their Haunches under 
 them, as to make them capable of 
 galloping flowly. 
 
 It may be known when the 
 Haunches are to© long, as a Horfe 
 ftands in the Stable \ for if he camps 
 with his hind Feet farther back than 
 he ought, and the Top or Onfet of 
 his Tail doth not anfwer in a per- 
 pendicular Line with the Tips of his 
 Hocks, as it always does when their 
 Haunches are of a juft Length. 
 
 HAWKWEED. 
 liawkiveed is of feveral forts, but 
 ihey are all fomewhat dry and adrin- 
 
 gent, are good againft V^ind, to 
 provoke Urine, the biting of veno- 
 mous Beafts, Ulcers, Burnings, In- 
 flammations 5 and being made into 
 a Poultice, for Cramps and Pains 
 in the Joints. 
 
 HAWTHORN. 
 
 The Berries of the Havjtkorn are 
 of a very aftrinoent Qiiality, and 
 therefore are efficacious m flop- 
 ping Lasks. The Seed cleared from 
 the Down, bruifed, and given to 
 drink, is good againft tormenting 
 Pains in the Belly. 
 
 HEAD. 
 
 The Head of a Horfe \s an Ex- 
 preffion made ufe of to import the 
 Adion of his Neck, and the Effeft 
 of the Bridle and the Wrift. 
 
 Head in and likervife the Hips. 
 You muft palTage your Horfe 's Head 
 and Croupe in, /'. e. Work him (ide- 
 ways, upon two parallel Lines, at 
 Step or Trot ; fo that when the Horfe 
 makes a Vault, his Shoulders mark a 
 Pifle or Tread, at the fame time 
 that his Haunches give the Track 
 of another 5 and the Horfe plying or 
 bending his Neck, turns his Head a 
 little within the Vault, and fo looks 
 upon the Ground he is to go over. 
 
 The Head of a Horfe is an ef- 
 fential part of his Beauty, which if 
 it be not fliap'd well, a Horfe can 
 never look well. 
 
 The Head of a Horfe fhould be 
 fmall, narrow, lean, and dry ; every 
 Horfe which has a big and grofs 
 Head, may, becaule of its weight, 
 come eafily to reft and loll upon the 
 Bridle, and fo incommode the Hand 
 of the Rider ; and a Horfe that has a 
 large Head can never appear ftately, 
 unlefs he have a long and very well 
 turned Neck, and place his Head 
 well. 
 
 Horfes that have their Heads grofs 
 and charged with Flefh, are fubjeft 
 to the Infirmities of the Eyes j but 
 
H E 
 
 this is not to be underftood of a 
 Horfe that has a Head very big with 
 Bones, and but a very little Flefh 
 upon if. Thofe Heads that are over 
 charged with Flefh are called fat or 
 grofs Heads. See Forehead, Ears, 
 Eyes, CT'f. in their proper Places. 
 
 There are 8 Pair of Mufcles pro- 
 per to the Head only, and 4 Pair 
 that are common to the Head and 
 Neck. 
 
 As the Mafipideaw, which are 
 reckoned the firft proper Pair by 
 modern Anatomifts ; thefe have each 
 of them a double Beginning ; one 
 from the Breaft.bone, which is ner- 
 vous, and the other from the Col- 
 lar-bone, which h flefhy ; from 
 whence they afcend obliquely to the 
 mamillary ProcefTes of rhe Temporal 
 Bone, into which it is inferted. 
 PERFUMES AND PURGES, TO 
 
 CLEANSE THE HEAD OF 
 
 ALL FILTHY AND GROSS 
 
 MATTER. 
 
 Horfes that have gotten Colds, 
 Catarrhs, Glanders, Murs, Rofes, or 
 Rheums, ^c. ought to have Perfumes 
 adminiftred to them ; for they do not 
 only break a Cold, but didipate thofe 
 Humours which annoy the Head, 
 Brain, and Stomach of the Horfe, 
 and often expel, and caufe him to 
 void much filthy Matter at the Nofe 
 and Mouth, which would clog, {top, 
 and pefter his Head and Body. Per- 
 fumes alfo do frequently dry up 
 many bad Humours that are engen- 
 dred in the Head and Brain. The 
 Perfumes proper for fick Horfes are 
 many. Some of which are thofe 
 that follow : 
 
 The Juice of Omons being fnufFed 
 up the Nofe, will draw forth rough 
 phlegmatick Humours. The Leaves 
 of the Wind flower being (lamped, 
 and the Juice of it fquirted up the 
 Nofe of a Horfe, will purge his 
 Head of filthy (limy Humours i And 
 
 r 2^j ) HE 
 
 the Juice of Daiftes will do the 
 like -, fo will alfo the Juice of Cole- 
 worts, or of Red Beets, The Juice 
 of Sage will draw forth thin Phlegm. 
 The Juice of Marjoram will draw 
 forth much Phlegm. The Juice of 
 Primrofei is good to pur^e the Brain ; 
 And the Juice of Celandine will 
 purge the Head of foul and filthy 
 Humours. The Juice of the Leaves 
 or Berries of lv<^^ which grows upon 
 Walls , 6ots greatly purge the Head. 
 
 Ferula^ or Fennel-giant^ or White 
 Hellebore, or Sneezing Root, dry*d, 
 powdered, and blown up the Nofe, 
 or wild white Hellebore, will purge 
 the Head and Brain from grofs and 
 flimy Humours. The Juice of (link- 
 ing Gladden fquirted up the Nofe, 
 will draw down great Quantities of 
 filthy Excrements. Alfo Muftard- 
 feed powdered and blown up the 
 Noftrils, will purge the Head. The 
 Smoke of Pellitory^ Pimpernel^ and 
 Rofemar^j, taken up the Head, is 
 good for any Obftruftions in it. Or 
 Oil of Bay put up the Horfe's Nof- 
 trils with a Feather, is good for any 
 Cold or Obftrudion. The Juice of 
 Sneezezvort fquirted up the Noftrils, 
 will bring away flimy Phlegm from 
 the Brain. The Juice of the Leaves 
 of Elder purges the Head of all 
 grofs and vicious Humours. 
 
 The beft Perfume is Olibanum, 
 Benjamin, Storax, and frankin- 
 eenfe, being grofsly bruifed together, 
 and ftrew'd upon a Chafing-difli of 
 Coals, hold the Horfe fo as to take 
 the Smoke up his Noftrils, thro' a 
 Funnel, and it will bring away a 
 great deal of tough Matter from 
 Head and Brain, fo that it will go 
 near to extinguifh the Fire. It is 
 a moft excellent Comforter of the 
 Brain, and caufes great Chearfulnefs 
 to the Heart, and rejoices the whole 
 Body, 
 
 HEAD- 
 
H E 
 
 ( 255 ) 
 
 H E 
 
 HEAD-ACH. 
 
 Caufes, The Headach proceeds 
 cither from fome inward Caufe, or 
 feme Cholerick Humour collected 
 together in the Panicles of the Brain, 
 or elfe from fome extreme Heat or 
 Cold, or from fome fudden Blow, 
 or from fome noifome Smell. 
 
 Others believe it proceeds from a 
 Biftrsftion of the Fibres of fome 
 Blood-Veflels in the Brain, or Mem- 
 branes of ir, which is caufed by fome 
 of the fmaileft Particles of the .-^e- 
 rum being ,ftiuck into the Pores or 
 Interftices of the faid VefTels, by 
 the frequent Occurfions of the 
 Blood, 
 
 Signs. The Horfe will hang down 
 his Head ^nd Ears, drop this CTrine, 
 his Sight will be dim, his Eyes fwol- 
 len and waterifh. 
 
 Tho thofe Symptoms are indeed 
 common to other Diftempers, yet if 
 a Horfe has them without a Fever, 
 and frequently puts his Head againfl 
 the Stall or Manger, it will be proper 
 to have recourfeto Remedie?,fuch as 
 B'eeding, Purging, Rowelling, and 
 alfo Chewing Balls, vc. 
 
 The Cure. The antient Farriers 
 ufed to let the Horfe blood in the 
 Eye- Veins, and fquirt warm Water 
 into his Noflrils, and to give him no 
 Meat all that Day ; the next Morn- 
 ing they gave him warm Water, and 
 fome Grafs, and at Night they gave 
 him Barley and Vetches mixed to- 
 gether, and fo keep him warm till 
 be is well. 
 
 Others approve of firft making 
 fneeze, by fuming him, as the beft 
 Method ; and afterwards to let him 
 blood in the Palate of the Mouth, 
 and to keep him faftingfor 12 hours 
 after, and having boiled fome Eu- 
 phorbium and Frankincenfe in Wine, 
 to pour it up his Noftrils, and after- 
 wards to feed him and keep his 
 Head warm. Or, 
 
 ' « Let the Horfe blood for 3 
 « Mornings fucceffively, then walk 
 « him a while, clothe him, cover his 
 ^ Temples with a Plafter of Pitch, 
 « and keep him very warm 5 keep the 
 * Stable dark, and give him Meat ve- 
 ' ry fparingly.* 
 
 HEAD FARCIN. See FARCIN, 
 SIGNS OF HEALTH. 
 Nature, good Digeftion, and good 
 Nourifhment. 
 
 Moderate Feeding and Diet, 
 Moderate Labour. 
 Moderate ufe of Sleep and Wa- 
 king. 
 
 Moderate Spending on Mares. 
 Moderate Journies. 
 Wholefome Air. 
 
 Not to be exercis'd too foon after 
 Grafs. 
 
 To be kept from raw and green 
 Meats, 
 
 Not to eat or drink being hot. 
 Not to be v/aQi'd or walk'd at 
 the end of a Journey. 
 
 And to give h'lm with his Proven- 
 der fuch Powders and Simples ^s are 
 recommended on feveral occafions 
 elfewhere. 
 
 Sir William Hope^ in order to pre- 
 ferve Horfes in Health, recommends 
 to give them of Liver of Antimony 
 2 ounces every Morning, prepared 
 as follows ; or of the Lieutenant's 
 Powder. 
 
 * Take of good crude ^«?/w<?»y, 
 grofly beaten, 9 Pounds, Salt Pc 
 tre of the fecondSolutionjS pounds 
 and a quarter ; pound it very 
 fmall, and put them both in an 1- 
 ron Pot or Brafs Mortar, and mix 
 them well together : let the Pot 
 be of that fize that 2 third parts of 
 it may remain empty, fet it on fire 
 with a lighted Match or Charcoal; 
 then fet the Pot at a diftance off, 
 fo as you may not be ofltended 
 with the Fumes of the Antimony, 
 When the matter is cold, turn up 
 « the 
 
H E 
 
 ( 2^7 ) 
 
 H E 
 
 « the Pot or Mortar, and the Liver 
 < will lie at the boitom, under the 
 
 * remaining Part of the Salt-Petre^ 
 
 * which is joined with the Impu- 
 ' ritys of the ^Ktimonyy and is 
 ' call'd the Scoria,* 
 
 They are thus diftingutHied; The 
 liver Qiines Hke Glafs, and is of a 
 very dark brown Colour ; if it be 
 nor, you have committed fome Er- 
 ror in the Operation. If ir be of a 
 pale yellowifh Colour, it is burnt, 
 and not fit for Horfes. 
 
 This will not only prevent Dif- 
 cafes, but put the Horfe into a con- 
 dition to undergo the greateft Fa- 
 tigue, 
 
 HE AM. 
 
 The Heam in Beafts is the fame 
 as the after-Birth in Women. 
 THINGS GOOD TO EX- 
 PEL THE HEAM. 
 
 Thyme^ Penny-royal^ Winter- 
 fuccory or common Hore-houndy 
 boiled in White->3^ine and given 
 the Mare. Dittany given or put 
 up in a PelTary, expels the Secun- 
 dine as well as drives forth the dead 
 Foal. And fo alfo m\\- Angelica^ 
 MexanderSy Parjly-feed, Fennel^ 
 Bay-berrys^ Hops zvi<\ Savin* 
 
 The Powder of the Infide of the 
 wrinkled Skin of the Gizzard of 
 a Hen that lays, dryed and given 
 in White- Wine, is accounted excel- 
 lent. 
 
 HEART. 
 
 The Heart is the principal Foun* 
 tain of Life, which fends Blood 
 and Nourifhment to all Parts of 
 the Body, for which Purpofe, it is 
 admirably fuited. It is feated in 
 the midft of the Cheft, being en- 
 compalfed by the Lobes of the 
 Lungs. 
 
 The Heart of a Horfe, differs 
 little from that of other Animals, 
 except that it is not fo broad in pro- 
 portion at its Bafis or Root, nor 
 does not fo gradually grow narrow 
 towards its Point, 
 
 The Subftance of it is flefhy and 
 very folid, that it may better en- 
 dure the Perpetuity of Motion, 
 and expel the Blood with more 
 Force to all Pai ts of the Body. 
 
 There is afcrib'd to it a twofold 
 Motion, call'd the Sy^ole 2nd Diaf- 
 tole J the former is the Contraftion 
 of it, when its Top is drawn to- 
 wards its Bafis, for expelling the 
 Blood into the Arteries • the latter . 
 is the Dilatarion oF it, when it is 
 fillM with Blood from the Veins. 
 
 So often as we feel toe Pulfe 
 beat, fo often is the Heart cona-ac- 
 ted ; for it is the Syfiole or Con* 
 tradion of the Heart, which com- 
 municates that Vibration or Pulfa- 
 tion to all the Arterys. 
 
 The Heart is inclofed as in a 
 Purfe, in the Fsricardium^ the ufe 
 of it is to cover the Heart, and be 
 a Defence to it ; to contain a Moif- 
 ture not only to keep it glib and 
 eafy in its Mou'on, but a'fo to 
 keep it cool. 
 
 The Heart has alfo befides the 
 Pericardium, two Membranes, 
 one that covers all its outfioe, and 
 another that lines it thro' all its in- 
 fide. It is (tor'd with Fat towards 
 its bottom, which keeps it moifl 
 and glib, as the Water in the Feri- 
 cardmrn does the reft of its Sub- 
 flance. 
 
 Within the Heart there are two 
 Ventricles or Caverns, which are 
 divided into right and left, by a 
 flefhy Partition^ the right Ventri- 
 cle fends the Biood into the Lungs, 
 by the pulmonary Artery : and the 
 left detaches it into ail the Pans of 
 the Body. 
 
 The Heart has likewife two Au- 
 ricles or little Earlets, {(o called' by 
 reafon of the Refemblnnce they 
 bear to Esrs) being feateci like twa 
 Purfes on each fide of its B.fis. 
 The Ufe of theai is to meafure 
 out the Blood, in certain Propor- 
 tions, 
 
HE ( 268 ) 
 
 ft enters tlie Head, Times. 
 
 H E 
 
 fions, before 
 
 left by rufliing in with too great Im 
 petuofity, ft might not only caufe 
 the Valves to be violated, but alfo 
 caufe a Suffocation in the Heart ft- 
 felf, and thereby the vital Faculty 
 be quite deftroyed. 
 
 HE ARTS-E A SE. 
 
 Hearts-Eafe is of a moift Quali- 
 ty, the Juice fs fat and flimy, like 
 that of Mallows^ and therefore is 
 moiftening and fuppling 5 it \s good 
 in Inflammations of the Lungs and 
 Breaft. 
 
 T>5^0 HEARTS. 
 
 A Horfe that works in the Ma- 
 nage W'th conftraint and irrefoluti- 
 on, and can't be brought to con- 
 fent to ft, is faid to be a Horfe of 
 two Hearts. 
 
 HEATH. 
 
 The Heath-Bufl) has a digeftive 
 Quality, the Flowers and Leaves 
 are good to lay upon the Bitmgs of 
 venemous Beafts ; and the Bark 
 and Leaves may be ufed for the 
 famelntentfons as Turmerkk.. 
 HEATS TO BE GIVEN 
 
 RUNNING HORSES. 
 
 Two Heats in a Week are 
 enough for any Horfe, of what 
 condition or ftate of Body fcever. 
 
 One Heat ought to be given on 
 that Day of the Week that the 
 Horfe is to run bis Match 5 as for 
 Example, Suppofe the Match-day 
 is on Tuefday, your heating-Days 
 are Tuefdays and Saturdays, and 
 the Tuefday always to be the fliarp- 
 er Heat, becaufe it is the Match- 
 day, and fo there will be 3 Days 
 betwixt that and the other Heat. If 
 the Match- day be Thurfday, then 
 the Heating-days are Thurfdays and 
 Mondayty and (o of the reft. 
 
 In cafe of rainy and foul Wea- 
 ther, you fhould not give a Heat, 
 but upon cafe of Necefiity; but ra- 
 ther defer Hours, and change 
 
 And to provide againft 
 uncertain Weather and Showers, 
 you muft procure a lined Hood for 
 the Horfe, with Imed Ears, and the 
 Nape of the Neck lined to keep 
 out the Rain. For nothing '\s more 
 dangerous than cold Wet falling 
 into the Ears, and upon the Nape 
 of the Neck, and the Fillets. 
 
 The Heats muft alfo be given as 
 early in the Morning as poftible ; 
 (the Weather being feafonable) the 
 beft Time is by the fpring of the 
 Day, but not by any Means in the 
 Dusk 5 for that is both unwholfome 
 for the Horfe and unpleafant to 
 the Man, and alfo dangerous. £. R» 
 and G. L 
 OF HEAT IN THE MOUTH 
 
 AND LIPS OF A HORSE. 
 
 That violent and unnatural Heat 
 that afcends up from the Stomach 
 into the Mouth, fometimes only 
 heats and inflames the Mouth and 
 Lips, and makes them fwell and 
 burn, fo that the Horfe can take 
 no pleafure in feeding, but refufes 
 his Meat. 
 
 The Cure. « Turn up that Lfp 
 
 * that is moft fwell'd, and jag it 
 ' lightly with a Launcet, to make 
 
 * it bleed, and then wafh it and all 
 
 * his Mouth and Tongue, with 
 
 * Vinegar and Salt.* 
 
 FOR A SUDDEN HEAT BY 
 HARD RIDING, SO THAT 
 THE HORSE'S GREASE IS 
 MELTED. 
 
 The Signs, If a Horfe be over- 
 ridden and his Greafe melted, you 
 may know it by his panting at the 
 Breaft and girting Place, and heav- 
 ing at the Flank that Night he 
 comes in fo hot, and his Body will 
 be very hot that Night, and the 
 next Morning* 
 
 The Cure. ' Put an Ounce of 
 ' Diafcordium beaten fmall into a 
 
 * Pint of Sackj and haying mixed 
 
 f them 
 
H E 
 
 < them well, give them to the Horfe 
 « cold ; the Morning is the beft 
 
 < time, but it may be given any 
 
 < time. Let his Vf^ater be wavm- 
 
 < ed for 3 or 4 Days, and burften 
 ^ Ojts, boiled Barley and Mafres^ 
 
 < made of ground Malt,, Litter him 
 
 < well, and clothe him warm. 
 « This will purge and cleanfe him, 
 « and qualify the Heat and Work- 
 ' fng of his Body.' 
 
 If the Horfe has loft his Appe- 
 tite and forfakes his Meat, in order 
 to reftore his Appetite, give him 
 
 2 Ounces of Honey^ in half a Pint 
 of White-Wine, lukewarm in a 
 Mornins, after he has drunk cold 
 Water. ^ This will make him fta'e, 
 clear his Bladder, and bring him to 
 his Stomach. Ride him a Mile or 
 two gently, keep him warm, and 
 litter him well ; continue this for 
 4 or 5 Days, or a Week, and at 
 
 3 Days end, give him Win^ and 
 Honey as before direded. 
 
 But if after all this Means he 
 does not take to his Meat, but is 
 bound in his Belly, and dungs fmall, 
 then give him the following Cor- 
 dial 2 or 5 Times, at the Diftance 
 of 2 or 3 Days betwixt each Dofe, 
 ' Boi! half a penny Brozvn-Loaf in 
 ' 5 (Quarts of J}ale Beer very well, 
 f when It is taken off the Fire, put 
 « in a Quarter of a Pound of freJJj- 
 ^ Butter^ and a quarter of a Pound 
 
 * of Honey ; give him this luke- 
 
 * warm in a Morning fafting, and 
 ' ride him gently a Mile or two e- 
 ^ very Morning and Evening, as 
 ' well thofe Mornings he takes 
 ' not the Cordial, as when he does, 
 ' Clothe and litter him warm ; 
 
 * and this Cordial will recover his 
 ' Appefte, and make him loofe in 
 ^ Body and dung foft. 
 
 ' Boil a Pound of Venmgreek in 
 f Water, till the Oats burft ; pour 
 f the Water from the Oats, and 
 
 * put cold Water to if, and Ut 
 
 ( 269 ) HE 
 
 him drink it 4 or 5 Hours after 
 he has taken the Cordials, Put 
 fome of the Oats and Fennigreel^ 
 hot into the Manger, and if he is 
 not forward to eat them, ftrew 
 
 ftrong-Ale. 
 
 < fome Wheat Bran upon it, and 
 « probably he will eat them to^e- 
 ♦ ther.' 
 
 A Fortnight or 5 Weeks after he 
 has been thus melted, and that you 
 have given him the former Medi- 
 cines, give a Purge of Aloes^ or as 
 much Powder of Alechoacan as will 
 lie upon a Shilling, at 3 or 4 Times, 
 in a Pint of Wine, or a Qiiart of 
 G.I, 
 HEAVY. 
 
 To reft heavy upon the Handy is 
 faid of a Horfe, who, by reafon 
 of the SoFtnefs of his Neck, the 
 Weaknefs of his Back, and the 
 Weight of his Fore quarters or 
 Wearinefs, throws himfelf upon 
 his Bridle ; but without making 
 any Refiftance, or any Effort to 
 force the Horfeman's Hand. 
 H E C T 1 C K. 
 
 He^fk\ may be applyed to any 
 Thmg that is become habitual. 
 But it is only joined to th^t kind of 
 Fever, which is flow and conti- 
 nual, and ends in a Confumption. 
 
 This is the Reverfe of thofe Fe- 
 vers which arife from a Plethora^ 
 or too great a Fulnefs from Ob- 
 ftruftion ; becaufe it is attended 
 with too lax a ftate of the excre- 
 tory PafTages, and generally thofe 
 of the Skin ; whereby fo much runs 
 off as leaves not Refiftance enough 
 in the contraftile Veffels to keep 
 them fufficiently diftended, fo that 
 they vibrate the oftener, agitate the 
 Fluids the more, and keep tbein 
 thin and hot. 
 
 HEDGE-MUSTARD. 
 
 Hedge- Mnj\ard is pungent and 
 biling like the common Muftard, 
 and is good for Horfes that are 
 purfive^ ^nd any ways difordsred ia 
 
 their 
 
HE ( 270 ) 
 
 H E 
 
 their Lungs. It flowers about July 
 and Auguft, 
 
 HEEL. 
 
 The Hiel is the hinder Part of 
 the Foot, and has two fides where 
 the Qiiirters terminate, or the 
 lower hinder Part of the Foot cooi- 
 prehended between the Quarters, 
 and oppofice to the Toe. Some 
 narrow heel'd Horfes have very 
 high Heel?, but fo weak, that by 
 preflino the two (ides of the Heel 
 one againft another, they yield and 
 move, which is a lign of Tender- 
 nefs in the Foot. 
 
 Some narrow heel'd Horfes have 
 very low Heels ; but then that Part 
 of the Hoof next to the Heel and 
 v^hich refts upon the Heel, is much 
 more ftraitened than that which is 
 next to the Croner, and this is 
 that which Hoof bindeth a Horfe. 
 
 Opening the Heels : fo fome call 
 paring the Foot and cutting the 
 Heel low, and almoft clofe to the 
 Trufih, taking it down within a Fin- 
 ger's breadth of the Cronet or 
 Top of the Hoof, fo that they fe- 
 parate the Qiiarters at the Heel, 
 and by that means weaken and 
 take away the Subftance of the 
 Foot, and make it clofe and be- 
 conne narrow at the Heels. This 
 Sir W. Hope does not approve, be- 
 caufe it ruins the Feet. 
 
 The Heel of a Horferaan. This 
 being that Part which is armed with 
 a Spur, the Word Heel is ufed for 
 the Spur itfelf, as this Horfe under- 
 ftands the Heels vt'ell. 
 
 To ride a Horfe from one Heel 
 to another ^ is to make him go fide- 
 ways, fometimes to one Heel and 
 fometimes to another ; as for In- 
 ftance. When you have gone 10 
 Paces in frying from the right Heel, 
 you may make him without flop- 
 ping, go flill fide ways in frying 
 the left Heel, and fo on by Turns. 
 
 OF NARROW HEELS* 
 
 A Horfe that has narrow Heels 
 and IS Hoof bound, the Quarters 
 of his Foot are narrower towaro* 
 the Shoe, than the Cronet ; fo 
 that the (oft Subflance that is be- 
 tween the Hoof and the Coffin is 
 prefs'd upon, and thereby caufes 
 the Horfe to go lame. 
 
 Sometimes the Hoof preffes on 
 both Quarters, but moft common- 
 ly only on the infide, it being 
 much weaker and more eafily bent 
 than the other ; and fometimes 
 the whole Hoof is fhrunk in the 
 upper Part in fuch manner, that 
 it makes a hollow Circle under the 
 Cronet, and preffes {o hard, that 
 it intercepts the Nourifliment that 
 fhould go to the Foot. 
 
 The Caufe, This proceeds fome- 
 times from a Drynefs in the Hoof, 
 but very often from flrait (hoeing, 
 and by the Quarters of the Hoof 
 being weakened by having been 
 pared too deep ; fometimes it pro- 
 ceeds from having been foundered, 
 and other Accidents to which the 
 Feet of Horfes are liable. 
 
 The Cure. ' Shoe the Horfe with 
 
 * Lunets or halfMoons, or with 
 ' pantoffle Shoes, fuch as are de-^ 
 
 * fcribed by Monf. Solleyfelly or 
 « any other which will fufficiehtly 
 
 * prefs out the Quarters j having 
 
 < done this, anoint the Hoofs 
 
 * with foftening Remedys, fuch as 
 
 < are ordered in the Article for 
 
 < brittle or too foft IDofs, and let 
 ' the Horfe fland for fome Days 
 ' in his own Dung. But if this 
 
 * does not relieve the preflure and 
 « binding of the Hoof, then you 
 
 * may make ufe of an Operation. 
 
 ' If the Hoof happens to be 
 
 * bound all round the Cronet, 
 
 * then give it the Fire ; make feve- 
 
 * ral Rafes from the Griftle of the 
 
 * Cronet to the Shoe, and pierce 
 
 * the Hoof about the bignefs of a 
 
 ^ Crown- 
 
HE (2 
 
 « Crown-piece; make ufe alfo of 
 
 < the fame Operation on the other 
 
 * fide of the Heel, for the Fire will 
 ' foften the Hoof and make it 
 ' ftretch ; when you have done 
 
 * this, keep the Foot conftantly 
 
 * mollified and fofcened, £as has 
 
 < been direfted.* 
 
 But fometimes in Cafes that are 
 the moft obftinate, it will be ne- 
 ceflary to take out the Sole ; which 
 Solleyfell efteems the beft and moft 
 fpeedy Remedy. The Method is 
 as follows : 
 
 After the Sole is removed, he 
 direds to cleave the Frufh with a 
 Fleam, and to fix a Splint of Iron 
 to the Part, which muft be fo pla- 
 ced, as to open the Heels, and keep 
 them wider than they were before 
 by an Inch or two. Kib'd Heels, 
 fee Mules, 
 
 HEIGHT. 
 
 It is an Imperfedion to an Horfe 
 when they are let too high upon 
 their Legs, that is, when their Legs 
 are longer than the Proportion of 
 their Bodys requires •, whereby not 
 only their Beauty but Goodnefs is 
 diminifhed. 
 
 Some have determined a Mea- 
 fure for them as follows : Take a 
 String and meafure from the Hor- 
 fe*s Withers to his Elbow, and 
 whatever length that is, he fhould 
 have the fame Diftance betwixt the 
 Elbow, and the lower Part of the 
 Heel ; for if he have more, his 
 Legs will be too long. 
 
 Some meafure their Colts at a 
 Year old, and take the Diftance 
 from the lower part of the Heel to 
 their Elbow, and are of opinion 
 that their Body will always grow, 
 until there be the fame Diftance 
 between their Elbow and Withers, 
 as there was between the Elbow 
 and lower Part of the Heel ; being 
 of this Opinion, that the Legs of 
 
 71 ) HE 
 
 aCoh at a Year old, are as Ion<» 
 as they will be. This Sir IV. H)pg 
 fays h true in fome, but he fhinks 
 not in all ; and of the fa:ne Opi- 
 nion is the Dul^e of NezvcjJlU. 
 HELLEBORE. 
 
 Hellebore is of two Sons, White 
 and Black. 
 
 The White Hellebore pur2,es vio- 
 lently, and tho it is but feldooi pre- 
 fcrib'd for Men, yet in fome Cafes 
 it is very fuccefsfully adminiftred to 
 Horfes. A Water made from it is 
 very good to wafh and cleanfe foul 
 Ulcers and mangy Eruptions on the 
 Skin ,• and it is alfo ufed in feveral 
 Ointments of the fame intention. 
 
 Blacl(^ Hellebore has been in great 
 efteem in all chronical Cafes, it 
 works powerfully on the Blood as 
 an Alterative, and when it is too. 
 thick, renders it more thin and 
 fluid. 
 
 HELPS. 
 
 In order to teach a Horfe his 
 LefTons, (See Leflbns) there are fe- 
 ven Helps neceflary to be known, 
 in order to advantage him and pu- 
 nifh him for his Faults in them. 
 They are the Voice, the Rod, the 
 Bit or Snaffle, the Calves of the 
 Legs, the Stirrups, the Spur and 
 the Ground. 
 
 THE VOICE. 
 
 When the Voice is fweet, and ac- 
 companied with Cherifhings, it is 
 an Help, and when it is rough or 
 terrible it is a Corredion -, and ef- 
 peciaiiy when it is attended with 
 Thraaienings or Strokes. 
 THE ROD. 
 
 Th': Rod is an Help by its fha- 
 k:ng, and a Corredion by fmiting. 
 THEBITORSNAFFLE. 
 
 The Bit is an Help by its fweet- 
 nefs, and the Snaffle by its fmooth- 
 nefs 5 and on the other hand, they 
 are Corredions 5 the one by its 
 hardnefs, the other by its rough- 
 
 nsfs. 
 
HE (272 ; 
 
 nefs, and both by their flatnefs and 
 fquarenefs. 
 
 THE CALVES OF THE LEGS. 
 The Calves of the Legs are Helps 
 
 H E 
 
 when they are gently laid to the 
 fides of the Horfe ; but when they 
 are ftricken hard againft them, 
 they are Corre6l:ions, becaufe they 
 give warning that the Spurs are to 
 ibilow. 
 
 THE STIRRUP S. 
 
 The Stirrups or Stirrup-Leathers^ 
 are Helps when they are thruft 
 forwards with a quick Motion ; but 
 Coire<^ions when they are ftruck 
 againft the hinder Part of the 
 Shoulder. 
 
 THE SPUR. 
 
 When the Spur is delivered in 
 any Motion that asks Quicknefs and 
 ^o'^'ty* (whether on the Ground 
 or above the Ground) is a Helpj 
 but when upon account of any 
 Sloth it is ftricken hard upon the 
 lides, or any Fault committed, it is 
 a Corredion. 
 
 THE GROUND. 
 
 The Ground when it is plain 
 and fmooth, and not painful to 
 tread upon is an Help ; but on the 
 other hand, when it is rough, deep 
 and uneven, (for the Amendment 
 of any Fault) it is a Corredion. 
 HEMLOCK. 
 
 This Herb has in moft Ages 
 been accounted a Poifon, and for 
 that caufe has been but rarely pre- 
 fcribed to be taken inwardly \ but 
 being ftamp'd and made into a 
 Poultice, has been very fuccefsful to 
 difcufs cold Tumours, CT'c. 
 HEMP. 
 
 Hemp- Seed is commonly clafs'd 
 among Coolers j but Mark.ham 
 fays, it is hot and dryes away all 
 Colds; and fome give it 10 Horfes 
 to fatten them. It is good for 
 the Wind and the Yellows, opens 
 QbHru^ions of the hmt and Gall^ 
 
 IS good for hot Inflammations. 
 The Seed loofens the Belly, and 
 ftrew'd among a Horfe*s Proven- 
 der, allays troublefome Humours 
 that offends the Bowels. 
 
 HENS-DUNG. 
 
 Hens- Dung is very prejudicial to 
 Horfe?. Therefore if a Horfe has 
 fwallowed Hens-Dung or any o- 
 ther venemous Thing ^ put 2 
 Spoonfuls of Sugar-Candy powder- 
 ed, and as much Powder of Dia- 
 pente into a Pint of Sallet Oyl \ 
 brew them well together, and give 
 it him to drink ; or if you cannot 
 procure Diapente, give him in- 
 ftead of it fo much of the Shavings 
 of Ivory, or of an old Stag's Horn, 
 efpecially of the Tips of it burnt ; 
 or you may give him 1 Spoonfuls 
 of the Powder of SoW'Thijile, in a 
 Pint of Ale or Beer. 
 
 H E R B E. 
 
 Herbe in French fignifies Grafs 5 
 and is made ufe of in their Acade- 
 my s to (ignify a Reward, or (bme 
 good fluff given to a Horfe who 
 has worked well in the Manage. 
 H E R B E R. 
 
 Herher is a Word ufed to (Ignify 
 the following Application for Tome 
 Difeafe?, as the Anticor, Difeafes 
 of the Head, ^c. they put a Piece 
 of Hellebore Root into a Horfe 's 
 Counter, and that makes it fwell and 
 fuppurate. 
 
 HEREDITARY. 
 
 An Hereditary Vifeafe xs fuch 
 as is tranfmitted from the Parents, 
 in the firft Rudiments of the Foetus^ 
 which is the Origin of many chro- 
 nick Cafes. 
 
 HERMODACTILS. 
 
 HirmodatTils is a Root that is 
 brought to us from Syria \ it pur- 
 ges gently and is very efficacious in 
 fecuring the Glands and promoting 
 Secretions •, and for that Reafon is 
 a good Ingredient in all purging 
 
 3alls, 
 
H I 
 
 ( 273 ) 
 
 H I 
 
 Balls, efpecially againd tnofe flug- 
 gifh Difeafes that hinder a Horfe 
 from thriving. 
 
 HIDE BOUND. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be Hide- 
 bound, when his "Skin fticks fo 
 hard to his Ribs and Back, that 
 you cannot with your Hand pull 
 up or loofen the one from the 
 other. . 
 
 The Caufe» It fomctimes comes 
 by Poverty and Bad-keeping ; at 
 other Times from over-Riding or 
 a Surfeit, the Horfe being fuffered 
 when he is hot, to ftand long in the 
 wet ; or from a corrupt Drynefs of 
 the Blood, which not having its na- 
 tural Courfe caufes the Skin to 
 Ihrink up, and cleave to the 
 Bone?. 
 
 The Signs. Befides that his Skin 
 cleaves to his Bones, his Body is 
 lean, his Belly gaunr, and the 
 ridge-B^ne of his Back ^^rAs upi 
 His Entrails will be dry'd up, and 
 his Dung will ftink very much. 
 
 The Cure. ' If this comes by 
 
 * Travel, and may be made up by 
 
 * Good- keeping, it is not fo properly 
 
 * a Difeafe ; and if it be the EfFt:^ 
 
 * of fome other Difeafe, if that be 
 
 * cured which is the Caufe, the Ef- 
 < fed will ceafe. 
 
 ' If the Caufe cannot be eafily 
 
 * known, the Remedys that are pre- 
 
 * fcrib'd f3r the Yellows^ can hardly 
 
 * be amifs ; for there are but few of 
 
 * Hide-bound Horfes they will not 
 
 * recover. 
 
 ^ Some dired firft to let the 
 
 * Horfe biood, and then to give 
 
 * him to drink 3 or 4 Mornings 
 
 * together a Qiiart of l^sw-MU'^^ 
 
 * with 2 Spoonfuls of Honey, and 
 
 * one Spoonful of coarfe Treacle ; 
 ' to give him to eat either fodden 
 
 * Barley, warm Grains and Salt^ 
 
 * or fplit Beans^ and to let his 
 
 * Drink be Mafliss : Or bleed the 
 
 Horfe on either fide the Neck, or 
 on both the fide-Vens ; then 
 having boiled Mailows, Smal- 
 la^e^ RofcmAry, and Bay-Leaves 
 in W'^ater till they sre fofc • bathe 
 the Body of the Horfe with it, 
 and v/hen he is become dry a^ 
 gain, anoint him with an Oint- 
 ment made of Hogs-Greafe, Ca- 
 ynomile^ Grcundfely and Sfnal- 
 Uge chopt fmall and boiled in 
 the G'eafe, This will loofen the 
 Skin : Or, 
 
 ' Rub him all over againft the 
 Hair, and then lay en him a 
 Sack well-foaked in Water, and 
 drained a while before it is laid 
 on, and upon that as many 
 Clothes as will bring him to a 
 Sweat. This will be a very good 
 way to reftore him -, but do not 
 permit him to fweat above an 
 Hour, and take care that he be 
 cooled by degrees. Or, 
 * Take i2Handfals o^ A^rimo^ 
 ny, Ealm^ Bay- Leaves, Saint 
 Johii^s Wort, Mint, Penny -Roy al^ 
 Harts-Tongue, Eringo, Madders^ 
 Kofemary, Rus, Sage, Thyme, 
 Roots of Grafsy or fueh of them 
 as can eafiiy be had, and boil 
 them in z Gallons of Water, oc 
 Lees of Wine, then take a Hand- 
 ful of thefe Ingredients and rub 
 all over the Hor fe's Body with 
 them, as hot as he c?.n bear 
 them. Then mix equal Parts of 
 Ointment o^ 3ia'(J}-MaIlo7vs, and 
 oil of Rue, and chafe all about 
 his Belly, Throat and Jaws^ oc 
 sny Part where the Hide is much 
 fhrunk ; then dip an old Sheet 
 in the Liquor, wring it out and 
 cover him with ir^ 
 warm Paig or Quilt over all 
 « This may be repeated for 3 or 
 4 Days, and it will conduce to 
 attrad the Spirits and Nourifh- 
 ment to the dry Skin. But un- 
 T * UCs 
 
 binding a 
 
HI ( 
 
 « lefs the internal Obftru£lions are 
 
 • removed by inward Applications, 
 
 * it will be of no £;reat Service/ 
 
 When a HoiTe becomes Hide- 
 bound by Travel, and has no in- 
 ward Indifpofition, there needs no- 
 thing but a due Care in Exer- 
 cife. But if the Veflels have 
 been contrafted and leiTened in 
 their Bore and Capacity, his Food 
 ought firft to be moderate, or 
 elfe there will be a larger Quan- 
 tity of Blood fenc into thofe 
 Veflels, than they are capable at 
 once of receiving, and fo will of 
 necedity caufe many Diforders. 
 
 And this is the Reafon why 
 fbme lean tired Horfes that have 
 been fuddenly fattened by Jockys, 
 become fuch Jades; bvoken-winded 
 or lame, or lofe their Eye- fight upon 
 the leaft Service. Therefore fuch 
 a Horfe fhould have his Food and 
 Exercife encreafed by degrees, and 
 juftly proportioned to the Aug- 
 mentation of his Strength. 
 HIND HAND, See HAND. 
 HIERA PICRA. 
 Take Cinatnon^ Arahacha, Maf- 
 tk\y SpiJ^enardznd Saffron, of each 
 6 Drams, of the fineft and cleaned 
 ^loes^ 12 Ounces and a half, reduce 
 them into Powder according to art. 
 It is an admirable Remedy for 
 Horfes in all Cholicks, being given 
 after the great Gut has been well 
 rak*d, or there is a free Pailage 
 downwards. It operates very kind' 
 ly and gently, and efFedually de- 
 ftroys thofe cold Vifciditys which 
 harbour and entangle Wind, and 
 for that reafon deftroys Worms. 
 
 The Dofe may be from an Ounce 
 and a half^ to z Ounces or upwards 
 to a Horfe, in his full Strength and 
 Prime, 
 
 The befl: way of giving it, is in a 
 Ball or Pdfte, made with Flower 
 and Butter, or fweet Oil, 
 
 m) HI 
 
 HIPS. 
 
 Hipi are the Fruit of the common 
 Briar, and being made into a Con- 
 ferve, are a great Balfamick and 
 very efficacious in all Diforders of 
 the Breaft, and are therefore very 
 proper to be work'd up with other 
 Ingredients, in peroral Balls. 
 HIP, See HAUNCH. 
 HIP SHOT. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be Hip-diot, 
 when he has wrung or fprained his 
 Haunches or Hips, fo as to relax 
 the Ligaments that keep the Bone 
 in its due Place. 
 
 The Signs, The Horfe will 
 halt very much and go fide-long, 
 and will trail his Leg a Itttle after 
 him J that which is hurt will be low- 
 er than the other, and the Flefli 
 will fall away on the fide of his 
 Buttock. 
 
 The Cure. « This is a Cafe of as 
 ' difficult a Cure as any, if it be 
 
 * not taken in hand immediately 
 
 * after the Injury received ; for a 
 ' thick hard Subftance will grow 
 
 * within the Pot of the Huckle- 
 ' Bone, that there will not be room 
 
 * for the Bone, and Co it will be ih- 
 
 * curable. 
 
 ' But if it be taken in time, firft 
 ' caft the Horfe on his Back, and 
 ^^having put^a ftrong Pattern on the 
 
 * Leg that is grieved, draw that 
 
 * Leg upright with a Rope, and 
 
 * putting your Hands on each fide 
 « of his Thigh, guide it into the 
 ^ Pot, then let down his Leg 
 
 * gently, and help him to rife 
 « with all the Eafinefs imaginable, 
 
 * and lead him into the Stable, and 
 ^ lay on his Hip and Back a Charge 
 
 * of Pitch and Rojin melted toge- 
 
 * ther warm, then clap on the 
 ' Charge- Flocks of the Colour of 
 
 * the Horfe, and turn him out to 
 
 * grafs, till he go upright, 
 
 < But 
 
(2 
 
 Hip. 
 
 H.p, 
 
 with 
 
 Dial- 
 
 H O 
 
 * But if the Horfe be not 
 fhof, but only hurt in the 
 then make an Ointment 
 Oil of Bays^ Nerve Oil, 
 thea and Sivmes-greafe, of each 
 half a Pound, melt them toge- 
 ther, keeping them continually 
 ftiriM till they are weil mixed, 
 and anoint the fore Place with it 
 againft the Hair once a day for a 
 Fortnight, and make the Oint- 
 ment fink well in, by holding 
 a heated Bar of Iron over the 
 Place anointed, waving it to and 
 fro till the Ointment has penetra- 
 ted the Skin. If at the end of 
 the Fortnight you perceive not 
 any Amendmentj then flit a Hole 
 downwards in his Skin, an Inch 
 beneath the Hip-Bone, wide e- 
 nough to thruft in a Rowel with 
 your Finger. And then with a 
 Cornet and a Quill, blow the 
 Skin from the Flefli above the 
 Bone and round about it, broad 
 enough for the Rowel to lie flat 
 and plain, within the Skin and 
 Flefh. Make the Rowel of foft 
 Calves Leather, cut a Hole in the 
 middle, and tie a Thread to it, to 
 pu',1 it out when it requires clean- 
 fing. If you roll the Rowel a- 
 bout with Flax and tie ir M on, 
 and anoint it with the foregoing 
 Ointment, it will draw the bet- 
 ter. 
 
 ' As for the manner of putting 
 in the Rowel, it muft be at firft 
 thruft in double, and afterwards 
 fpread open with theFinger. When 
 it is put in, it fhould be tented with 
 a good large Tent of Flax dipt 
 in Turpentine and Hogs-greafe, 
 mixed together and warmed. 
 This Rowel and Hole fhould be 
 cleanfed once a day, and a frefti 
 Tent put in daily for 12 or 14. 
 Days, and every Day before the 
 Horfe is diefs'dj he flwuld be 
 
 75 ) 
 
 H O 
 
 ^ walk'd up and down gently fori 
 ' quarter of an Hour, to caufe th^ 
 
 * Humours to come down. 
 
 ' After the Rowel has been in a 
 
 * Fortnight, take it out and heal 
 
 * the Wound with the fame Salve^ 
 ' leffening the Tent every day till 
 ' it is whole $ and when it is (o^ 
 
 * take a hot drawing Iron and 
 
 * draw Lines right over the Hip- 
 
 * Bone 8 or 9 Inches long, Co that 
 
 * the Place that was rowell'd, may 
 ' be juft in the middle ; bat don'c 
 ' fear h'm more than juft to make 
 ' the Skin look yellow. When 
 ' this is done, lay all over that 
 
 -' Place and his Buttocks a Charge 
 
 * made with a Pound of Pitchy 
 « half a Pound of Kofin, and half 
 ' a Pint of Tar boil'd together | 
 
 * fpread this on warm with a Clout 
 ' ty'd to a Stick, and then clap on 
 ' Flocks of the Colour of the Korfe, 
 ' and put him to grafs if it be 
 ' Summer-time, for walking will 
 
 * do him sjood.' 
 
 HOGS DUNG. 
 
 Hogs-Bun'!, as well as Hog Lice^' 
 is fuppofed to abound with a pun- 
 gent nitrous Salt, and for that rea- 
 fon is very detei five and cleanfing ; 
 and therefore is ufed for the fame 
 Purpofes, but is not fo remarkably 
 efficacious. 
 
 HOGS LICE. 
 
 Hogs Lice are the fame that fome 
 csWWood Lice; they are faid tobe 
 very deterfive and cleanfing, whicb 
 Quality is fuppofed to proceed firoiri 
 a nitrous Salt, deiived from what 
 they feed on. They are good to' 
 open all Sorts of Obftiu(ftions eveii 
 of the moft minute PaftasJes, and 
 therefore are of great Efficacy in 
 all Diforders of the B^eins and Kid- 
 neys, and Liver, as the Yel. 
 lows ^ as alfo in the Affe^ons of 
 the Nerves. 
 
 T 2 
 
 ?fc-7. 
 
H O 
 
 r 276 ) 
 
 H O 
 
 They are alfo good in many Dif- 
 iorders of the Eyes, to prevent 
 B'lindners, when there are any 
 Symptoms of the Gutta Si.rena» 
 
 The niofl; fimple Preparations of 
 thofe Infeds, are accounted to have 
 the greateft Efficacy, and therefore 
 they need only to be ftamp'd in a 
 Mortar, and made into Balls, with 
 rlower and other proper Ingre- 
 dients. 
 
 HOLD. 
 
 Hold is an Exprefllon that is ufed 
 of a Mare that conceives, who is 
 faid to hold after fhe has been co- 
 vered, that is, to retain. 
 HOLLOW. 
 
 Hollow-toot h^d^ fee Shell Tooth- 
 ed. 
 
 HOLLY HOLM. 
 
 Hollj-Hoim : The Berrys are hot 
 and dry, good to expel Wind ; 
 being dried and powdered they are 
 af^ringent, flop Lasks and Fluxes ; 
 being not dryed, they purge the 
 Body of grofs phiegmatick Hu- 
 mours • the Bark and Leaves are 
 good in Fomentations for difloca- 
 ted Joints. 
 
 HONEY. 
 
 Hone^j \s hot and dry, cleanfes 
 the Sromach and Entrails, cleanfes 
 the Bladder and Reins, and incar- 
 nates Wounds ; that Honey is ne- 
 ver the wcrfe for Horfes,that is not 
 altogether purged from the Wax, 
 becaufe it is more deterfive and 
 cleanflng than that which is, and 
 therefore of greater Efficacy in 
 Dlforders of the Lung?, and in- 
 ward Ulcerations. 
 
 Hone'j is alfo of good ufe out- 
 Tvardly, in deterging and cleanfing 
 all Wounds and Ulcers. 
 
 A HONEY CHARGE. 
 
 Mix half a Pound of Wheat-Flow- 
 er mth White Wine, to the Confif- 
 tence cf Grue^, then boil it over a 
 gsndc Fire, keeping it conftaniiy 
 
 ftirring till it is well united ; then 
 having melted half a Pound of £«r- 
 guKdy Pitch in a Skillet, add 3 
 quarters of a Pound of Honey, and 
 half a Pound of common Turpen- 
 pentine, and incorporate all well to- 
 gether, which muft be mixed with 
 the Gruel moderately hot. Take 
 the VefTel off the Fire, and rut in 
 
 1 Pound of Oriental Bole powder- 
 ed, and fo make a Charge. 
 
 This is good to bring down 
 Swellings in the Legs, which are 
 caufed by Blows or any fuch Acci- 
 dents. 
 
 THE RED HONEY CHARGE. 
 Take Sheeps-Suet melted, 12 
 Ounces, Capons-Greafe, or Greafe 
 of a Hcg or Horfcy half a Pound, 
 the Oil drawn from the Bones of an 
 Oxov sheep, 4 Ounces; or if nei- 
 ther of thefe are to be had, Lin- 
 feed Oil or Oil-Olive, the fame quan- 
 tity ; Claret of a deep Colour and 
 thick Body, a Quart ; Black- Puch 
 and Burgund'y-Pitch, of each half 
 a Pound ; of common Turpentine, 
 half a Pound j of Oil of Bay, 2 
 Ounces; of Cinnamon powdered, 
 
 2 Ounces ; of Cinnabar in Pow- 
 der, 2 Ounces ; common Honey, 
 half a Pound ; of Cummin- Seeds, 2 
 Ounces ; of good Ac^ua VitA, a 
 quarter of a Pint j of fine Oriental 
 Bole in Powder, a Pound and a 
 half; and a quantity of V/heat- 
 Ilower, fufEcient to thicken the 
 whole M'Xture, 
 
 Put the Oreafes or Oils, Suets 
 and Claret, into a Kettle, Bafon, 
 or that that will bear the Fire ; 
 put it over a gentle Fire, encreafing 
 the Fire by degrees, and boil them 
 till part of the Wine is waffed, 
 keeping them ftirring all the time, 
 which will be abou: 2 Hours ; and 
 then put in the Biail^ and Burgun- 
 dy-Pitch, and when they are melted, 
 put in ihs OH of Bays ; then take 
 
 the 
 
HO C 2 
 
 the Vefiel ofF the Fire, and put in 
 the Turpentine and Cinnabar, and 
 keep mixing them with the reft, 
 for about a quarter of an Hour. 
 
 When the Compofition is grown 
 half cold, put in the Honey, and 
 after that the Cummin-Seed, keep- 
 ing it ftirriniT •, and then add the 
 Bole, which (hould be fuch as will 
 not. harden in the mixing, but in- 
 corporate with the other Ingredi- 
 ents ; and when it is all grown 
 almod: cold, put in half a Pint of 
 fine ftrong Aqua. Viu, keeping it 
 ftirring till it is thorowly mixed, 
 and then put in the Flower, as 
 much as will reduce it to the Confif- 
 tence of an Ointment, keeping it 
 (lill ftirring till it is quite cold. 
 
 If the Cinnabar be not to be had, 
 you may beat an Ounce of Q^iic\- 
 filver in a Mortar, with an Ounce 
 oi Od o^ Turpentine till it \s quench- 
 ed, and mix that with the Compo- 
 fition ; but the Cinnabar is much 
 the beft, and not (o prejudicial to 
 the Nerves. 
 
 If this be defisned to ripen a 
 Swelling, SolleyfeU direfts to add 
 to it, Fsgeons-Dung^ Goats-Dung^ 
 Pitch, Rofin, or Tarpevtirie, 
 
 It will keep good for 2 Years, 
 and may be ufed in Summer with- 
 out warming -, but in Winter it is 
 beft to warm it. 
 
 This Medicine SoUeyfe'l fays is 
 fo eener^lly ufeful, that it is not 
 pollible to reckon up all its Ver- 
 tues ; but feme of thofe he men- 
 tions are thefs : That it is good for 
 tired and jaded Horfes, Strains in 
 the Hips or Shou'ders, Legs fwell'd 
 or decav'd. Sinew Sprains, Suiba- 
 ting. Pain in the Feet, fwaging of 
 the BjcI', Wrenches, and Sit Fafts ; 
 and that it ripens and diflolves all 
 manner of Swellinas. 
 
 HONEY CFIARGE. 
 
 Take thick. Lees of Wine 3 Pints, 
 EogS'greafe half a Pcaiid, boil them 
 
 77 ) HO 
 
 together for half an Hour, till thejr 
 are well incorporated 5 then add of 
 Black Pitch and Burgundy Pitch 
 beaten, common Turpentine, and 
 Hmey, of each half a Pound ; keep 
 them ftjrring over the Five till they 
 are well mixed, and then add fine 
 Bole Armoniac or Sole of Eiois, a 
 quarter of a Pound take the VelTel 
 off the Fire, and keep it ftirring for 
 a quarter of an Hour long-jr, and 
 if the Charge is not thick enough, 
 make it fo with Wheat-Tlower. 
 
 This Charge is made with lefs 
 trouble, will be little inferior to 
 the Red-H'-ney-Charge, in all Cafes 
 where that is proper, if there be an 
 Ounce of Quick-fiher added, as be- 
 fore direfted. 
 
 THE WHITE HONEY 
 CH.ARGE. 
 
 Take 9 large IVhite-Lilly-Roots^ 
 chop them and boil them with at 
 leaft a Gallon of Ber, or Barley- 
 Water or Whey, which is rathei* 
 better when the Roots begin to 
 grow and ftick to the Fingers ; 
 take of the Leaves of Mallows and 
 Afar ff}- Mallows 3 pick'd from their 
 Stalks, of each 5 Handfu's ; or if 
 you cannot get the Marjh-Malloms^ 
 double the quantity of the former ; 
 boil both Roots and Herbs to a 
 Mafh, and pour in. Bur or Whey 
 from time to time, to fupply 
 what evaporates. When they are 
 thorowly boiled, ftrain the Decoc- 
 tion th.ro' a Hair-Sieve turned up- 
 fide down (as it is ufual to extraci: 
 the Pulp of Cajpa.) Throw away , 
 ihe arofs Subftance, and boil the, 
 ftraining for fome time with half a • 
 Pound of Tallow, and half a Pound 
 of Butter, keeping them continu- 
 ally ftirring ; then take the VeiTel 
 off the Five, and when the boiling 
 is perfedly ceafed, put in Honey 
 and Cinamcn, of each half a. Pound, 
 incorporate them thorowly with 
 the reft of the Ingredients i then 
 T- 5 put 
 
HO ( 278 ) 
 
 H O 
 
 quantity of Wheaten-Vlow- 
 
 , fufficient to thicken the whole, 
 
 put in 
 gr 
 
 and make a Charge. 
 
 Solleyfell is of opinion, it would 
 be better to boil the Compofitron 
 till all the Moifture is evaporated, 
 fo that there would be no need to 
 thicken ir, and that it would be 
 fnore emollient. He recommends it 
 for Pains, Wart?, Clefts, Mules, Rat- 
 tails, Scratches, and Halter-caft. 
 It is good to bring down the Swel- 
 lings and Gourdinefs of the Legs, 
 and efpecially to foften horny Ex- 
 crefcences, cjrc. 
 
 HOOF. 
 The Hoof or Horn of a Horfe's 
 Toot, is a fort of Nail of a Finger's 
 depth, that furrounds the Soleand 
 the Coffin-Bone. 
 
 THE FORM OF AGOOD 
 HOOF. 
 The Horn of the Hoof fhould be 
 of a dark Colour, fomewhat (bi- 
 lling, high and fmooth ; the white 
 is commonly brittle • to be excel- 
 lent, it fhould be of the Colour of 
 a Deer's Hoof, and the whole 
 Foot of a round Shape, but a little 
 larger below than above. 
 
 A perfeft Hoof is round, tough, 
 fmooth and fliorr, fo that the 
 Horfe may tread more on the Toe, 
 than on the Heel j and alfo right, 
 and fomewhst hollow within, but 
 not too much, having a narrow 
 Frufb, and broad Heels. 
 TO KNOW A BAD HOOF. 
 The Hoof fliould not have Cir- 
 cles, that is a fign they are britle, 
 and that the Horfe by often fboe- 
 ing, has had his Feet fpoiled by 
 having many pieces broke from the 
 Hori5 round his Foot. 
 
 Lift up the Foot, and confiier it 
 h have a Shoe forged purpofely for 
 If, and be very much pierced, and 
 jhe Holes of it made in fuch Parts 
 where it is not very ufual, that fo 
 
 the Horfe might be fhod the more 
 conveniently ; becaufe there was 
 not Horn enough to take hold by in 
 thofe Places, where the Nails are 
 commonly driven. 
 
 Sometimes they are forced to 
 pierce the Shoes nigh the Heels, be- 
 caufe the Fore-part is bad ^ for it is 
 not ufual to drive Nails near the 
 Heels, except the Toe is fo much 
 fplit and broke, that they can place 
 no Nails In it. 
 
 Circles in Horfes Feet, are a fign 
 that they are alter'd ; and if they 
 quite furround the Feet and be 
 higher than the reft of the Hoof, 
 they make a Horfe halt ; but if they 
 do not. Circles round the Foot is 
 a fign that the Hoof is either alter- 
 ed, or that the nature of the Horn 
 is naught. 
 
 An imperfeft Hoof is one that 
 wants the forementioned Proper- 
 tys : If it be not round, but broad, 
 and fpreading out at the fides and 
 Qtiarters, fuch a Horfe has com- 
 monly narrow Heels, and in time 
 will be flat-footed, which fort of 
 Foot is weak, and will not long 
 carry a Shoe, nor travel far, but 
 furbate. And treading more on his 
 Heels than his Toes, will caufe him 
 to go low on his Pafterns*. And 
 this fort of Feet, by reafon of their 
 Weaknefs, will be very fubjed to 
 falfe Quarters and Gravelling. This 
 is feen in fuch Horfes as are bred 
 in moift Grounds, and very com- 
 mon in Flanders, 
 
 If Hoofs are brittle and rugged, 
 and full of Circles, it is a fign that 
 the Foot is not in good temper, 
 but that it is too hot and dry, and 
 that makes it too brittle. 
 
 If the Hoof be long, then 
 it wiir make the Horfe tread all 
 upon the Heels, and go low on his 
 Paftcrns, and caufe Wind-galls. 
 
 If 
 
HO ( 279 ) 
 
 If a Hoof be crooked, viz, broad 
 without, and narrow within, fo 
 that the Horfe is fplay-footed, it 
 will caufe him to tread more in- 
 
 H o 
 
 ward than outward, and interfere 
 or ftrike one Leg fo hard againft 
 the other, as to lame him. If he 
 be broad within, and narrow with- 
 out, tho it is not fo bad as the o- 
 ther, yet it will make him gravel 
 fooner on the outfide, than the in- 
 fide. 
 
 Hoofs that are flat and hollow 
 within, are liable to the Inconveni- 
 ences of the firfl: imperfed Hoof. 
 If it be too hollow, it will be apt 
 to dry too faft, and make the 
 Horfe Hoof- bound, which will 
 caufe him to halt. 
 
 If the Frufh be broad, then the 
 Heels will be weak, and fo fofr, 
 that you may almoft bend them to- 
 gether ; and fuch a Horfe will ne- 
 ver tread boldly on Stones or hard 
 Ground. 
 
 If the Heels are narrow and ten- 
 der, the Horfe will in time grow 
 Hoof-bound. 
 
 The Infirmitys to which Hoofs 
 are liable, are, to be brittle, the 
 Cafting of the Hoof, Hoof-bound, 
 Hoof-hard, Hoof-hurt, loofe-Hoof, 
 falfe Quarters ; for which there are 
 divers Remedys. 
 
 HOOF-BOUND. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be Hoof- bound 
 when he has a Pain in the Fore-feet, 
 occafioned by the Drynefs and 
 Contraftion, or Narrownefs of the 
 Horn of the Quarters, which ftrait- 
 ens the Quarters of the Heels, and 
 oftentimes makes the Horfe lame. 
 A Hoof-bound Horfe has a nar- 
 row Heel, the fides of which come 
 too near one another, infomuch 
 that the Frufli is kept too tight, and 
 has not its natural Extent. 
 
 The Caufe, This Imperfection 
 is fomctimes caus'd by a Drynefs of 
 
 the Hoof, fometimes from ftraft- 
 fhoeins, and by paring the Quar- 
 ters of the Hoof too deep, and fo 
 weakening them ; fometimes it 
 proceeds from being foundered. 
 The Cure, ' Pull off the Hor- 
 ' (t^s Shoes, and fhoe him again 
 ' with half Moon and Lunec Shoes; 
 ' then eafe the Qiiarters of the 
 ' Hoofs on both fides of the Feet, 
 
 * from the Cronet down to the 
 ' bottom of the Hoofs, with the 
 ' drawing Iron or Rape, and fo 
 ' deep, that you may perceive as it 
 ' were a Dew to come out j and 
 ' if you make two Rafes it may be 
 
 * the better, and will enlarge the 
 
 * Hoof the more. Having done 
 
 * this, anoint the Hoofs next to 
 ' the Hair about the Cronet, with 
 ' the following Ointment. 
 
 * Tskt Turpentine iialf a Pound, 
 
 * of Wax or Veers-Suer, of each a 
 ' quarter of a Pound, Tar and 
 ' Sallet-Oils of each a quarter of a 
 
 * Pint. Melt them all together, 
 ' except the Turpentine^ then put 
 
 * in the Turpentine^ and ftir it ail 
 ' together till it \s cold ; and with 
 ' this anoint the Hoofs once every 
 
 * Day, till you fee an Amendment. 
 ' You muft ride him once a 
 
 ' day upon foft Ground, and then 
 ' take off his half- Moon- Shoes, 
 
 * and pare the Soles, Frufhes, and 
 ' Heels fo thin, that you may per- 
 
 * ceive the Dew come forth, and 
 
 * the Blood ready to ftart. Then 
 ' tack on his Shoes agnin, and ftop 
 
 * them both within and without, 
 ' with this Charge following. 
 
 ' Take IVheat Bran^ and Cow 
 
 * or Ox-Dunc, half a Pound of 
 ^ dried Hogs-Qreafe, and as much 
 ' Kidney-Fat of Mutton ; Tar and 
 ' Turpentine, of each a quarter of 
 « a Pound. Melt them together, 
 
 * except the Turpentine, and whea 
 ' you take it off the Fae, put in 
 
 T 4 the 
 
H O 
 
 ^ the Terpentines ftirilng it conii- ' 
 ' nually till it is well mixed. Lay 
 •= this Charge on hot every Day, 
 ^ for nine Days together, t5 caufe 
 
 * the Sole to rife, if this will not 
 ' do, you nauft tnke out the Sole 
 " clean : Stanch the bleeding with 
 ^ the tender Tops of Hyjfop ftamp- 
 
 * ed, and apply to it the Oil cf 
 
 * Snails^ and Red-Netiles, This 
 ' will bring en a new Hoof, then 
 
 * {hoe him with Lunets again, and 
 '^ turn him out to grafs. 
 
 TheCil cf Sna:h. « Take ico 
 
 * Snails, and put them inio a Bag 
 
 * with Bay-5alt, hang them up near 
 
 * the Fire, and ;m Oil will drop 
 
 * from them. M x this with Red- 
 ' Hetties, and ufe it once a day, 
 ^ for 3 Days. 
 
 ' Then heal up the Feet with 
 
 * green OinimemJ' See Ointment, 
 in Letter O. 
 
 OF BRITTLE HOOFS. 
 The Caufe. Enttle or diy Hoofs, 
 many times are occafioned by (land- 
 ing too dry ; a hot; and dry Confti- 
 tution, or from any Infirmity that 
 deprives ihem of their due Nourifh- 
 iTient. 
 
 The Cure. ' The moft proper 
 *^ way is to foften them by grealy 
 *■ and unftious Remedys ; as Hcgi- 
 
 * Lard, Sheep or Ox-Stict, OUve- 
 ' Oil, or by all thefe mixed toge- 
 
 * ther. Bur they will be more ef- 
 
 * fediual if they be rr.ade into an 
 
 * Ointment, with Galhanum^ Oliba- 
 ' num and Wax. Or, 
 
 ' Tar, Talloiv and Honey, being 
 
 * incorpor;ued together, will prove 
 
 * a very good Medicine, if the 
 
 * Hoof is liable to no other Acci- 
 ' dent but Drynefs. Or, 
 
 ' Take 2 Ounces of Soap, 4 
 
 * Ounces of «»/i,^:J^'^ L'mie^ and as 
 ' much jirong L<je as will make it 
 ' fofr, and ftop the Horfes Feet 
 
 * Vvith It^ till they corns to a pro* 
 
 ( 280 ) HO 
 
 per Softnefs ; or hot glowing Em- 
 bers on the Hoof will foften it.* 
 ' Clarify a Pound of Dogs-Greafe 
 with Rofiwary, and mix it with 
 half the quantity of Cow-Dung^ 
 boil them and flop the Horfe*s 
 Feet with them, either hot or 
 cold. Or, 
 
 ' Mix Dogi-Grea[e, T<;jr and Tur- 
 pentine , of each equal Qiianti- 
 tys, boil them together a while, 
 except the Turpentine ; which put 
 in juft before you take it off 
 the Fire, and appiy it, and it 
 will caufe the Hoofs to grow 
 ftrong.' 
 
 ' Take Shcpps-Sust, Turpentine^ 
 ■ Hogi-Greafe and unwrought Wax^ 
 ' of each a Pound : of Sallet- 
 • Oil a Pint, and Dogs-Greafe 2 
 ' Pound ; boil them together and 
 ' keep them in an earthen Veflel for 
 ' ufe, anoint the Hoofs well 2 or 3 
 ' times a day, efpecially at tiie fet- 
 ' ting on of the H^ir ; and {l:op 
 ' (hem with Ccw-Bung and Dogs- 
 ' Greafe melted together.' 
 
 SOFT HOOFS. 
 The Caufe. This Infirmity is 
 often caufed by a moift humid Con- 
 flitution, or fbanding very much on 
 v;et Litter, or going in marfhy wet 
 Grounds, or from any Infirmity 
 that may bring a Moifliire into the 
 Feet, as gourcy or fwell'd Legs and 
 Pafterns, f^c. 
 
 The Cure, ' Bathe them daily 
 ' in Vinegar, Verjuice, Ccpperas- 
 ' Water, and fuch like Things of an 
 
 * aftriclive Qiiality. If you boil 
 ' Qalls m thefe, 'they will be the 
 ' more efteftnal; Let the Horfe 
 ' ftand crj', and give him moderate 
 ' Feed'ng. 
 
 ' Take of the Juice of Gar lick 4. 
 
 * Ounces, of Hogs- Greafe i Pound, 
 ^ mingie v^ith them hah a H^indful 
 ' of the Dung cf an jfs cv Ccix', 
 ' boil thea) all well together, (top 
 
 ' the 
 
HO (2 
 
 t the Feet of the Hoof with 
 « this Mixture, and anoint the 
 
 < Cronets, and it v;ill prove of 
 « good Effed. Or, 
 
 * Burn an Old-Shoe, and then 
 
 * boil it in Vimgar^ and bathe the 
 
 * Horfe's Feet with this twice a 
 
 < day, and it will harden them. 
 ' Or boil Bran, Galls powdered 
 
 < and Salt in Vinegar, and bathe 
 « the Horfe's Hoofs/ 
 CASTING OF THE HOOF. 
 
 The Defcripttcn, A Horfe is 
 faid to call: his Hoof, when the 
 whole Coffin of the Hoof becomes 
 loofened and falls off from the 
 Bone. This may be remedied by 
 Care and proper Application ; A 
 new Hoof may be procured, if the 
 Coffin-bone, cs^c, be not hart. 
 
 The Ca»fe, Horfes fometimes 
 caft their Hoofs by reafon of fome 
 Prick, Stub, Foundring, Surbatin?, 
 or fome Accident or other that 
 caufes an Impofthumation in the 
 Foot, fo that the Hocf, and fome- 
 times the Coffin-bcne, bein^ 
 fpuni^y and eafiiy broken, fall off 
 in large Pieces. But the hft 15, 
 when it happens, a defperate Cafe. 
 
 The Cure* ' Take 2 Pound of 
 
 * Turpentine, of unwrought Wax 
 
 * a Pound, of S'^^fpi-Sj^e; a Pound, 
 
 * of Sallet-Oil a Pint, of Tar the 
 
 < fame quantity ; boil them all to- 
 
 * gether, and keep them continually 
 
 * ftirring till they are well mixed, 
 ' Then being provided with a lea- 
 
 * ther Boot, with Thongs to be 
 ' tied about the Hcrfe^s Pafberns, 
 ' drefs his Foot with this Salve, 
 
 * being laid upon Flax or Tow, 
 ' and bolder the Foot with fo!c 
 ' FIpx, tlint the Boot may not hurt 
 ' him. Drefs it once a day till 
 
 * the Hoof begins to harden, and 
 
 * when the Hoof is perfecl, put 
 ' the Horfe to urn fs. 
 
 [ If the Part groy/s fungous. 
 
 81 ) HO 
 
 then you (liould ufe Qiarper Ap- 
 plications ; fuch as thefe that 
 follow ; 
 
 ' Take Rofin one Pound, dif- 
 folve the Rojin in 2 Pound of 
 Oltve-0'd ever a gentle Fire, 
 take it off, and when it begins 
 to grow cool, put in Aloes^ 
 Maftick, Myrrh and OUbanum, 
 finely powdered, of each 4 Oun- 
 ces, and make an Ointment for 
 ufe. 
 
 * When you ufe ir, mix equal 
 Parts of JEgyptiacum with it ; 
 diffolve them over the Fire, foak 
 Pledgets in it, and drefs the whole 
 Hoof; put an eafy Bandage on 
 it, and put it again into the 
 Boot. 
 
 ' If you find occafion to have 
 this Ointment ftronger, there 
 may be two Ounces of white 
 Vitriol Of burnt Alum, and an 
 Ounce of Orpiment be added 
 to every Podnd of the Oint- 
 ment. If it be drefs'd with this 
 once a day, as before directed, 
 the Hoof may be prefervei 
 fmooth. 
 
 < It is not good to do as fom.e 
 
 do, to pull away the old Hoof 
 
 before ic falls off of itfelf, as 
 
 foon as they perceive the new 
 
 Hoof a growing ; for the old 
 
 Hoof IS a Cover and Defence 
 
 to the new one, and being as it 
 
 were a Mold, makes it grow 
 
 m.ore even and fmooth. And 
 
 for I he moft part. Nature herfelf 
 
 will throw it off as foon as it 
 
 becomes ufelef;.' 
 
 TO MAKE A HOOF GROW 
 
 IN A FORTNIGHT'S TIME. 
 
 Take 2 Qujrts of fre Pn Hogs- 
 
 Greafe, and a Peck of Damash- 
 
 Rofes clean pick'd, m.ake the Greafe 
 
 boiling hot and then put in the 
 
 Rcfes ; ftir them about till they 
 
 are wetted with the Grsafe, take 
 
 them 
 
H O 
 
 ( 282 ) 
 
 H O 
 
 ^ 
 
 them off the Fire, put them into 
 an earthen Veflel with a clofe 
 
 Cover, and fet 
 after Bread has 
 It ftand till it is grown cold, then 
 
 it into an Oven 
 been drawn ; lee 
 
 fee it in a 
 3 Weeks 
 
 hot Hoife-Dunghill for 
 then melt it again, 
 ftrain out the Rofes, and keep 
 the Liquor in an earthen Veflel 
 clofe covered for ufe. 
 
 Take off the Horfe's Shoes, and 
 having warmed 3 Balls of Horfe- 
 Dung, and a Spoonful of Tar in 
 a Pint of the Oil, bind up his Feet 
 with a Pair of leather Buskins with 
 a thick Sole, pour the Liquor in 
 and let him ftand fo for a Week, 
 and pour in frefh every day, but 
 take away none of the old. Af- 
 terwards tack on his Shoes, flop 
 his Feet, and anoint them with 
 the Medicine of Dogs-greafe and 
 Rofemar'j. 
 
 HOREHOUND. 
 
 Horehound is of two Sort.s the 
 ivh'ite and black j both are account- 
 ed a good Peroral, and proper in 
 all Diforders of the Breaft, which 
 proceed from Colds or Surfeits ; 
 it is alfo good to cleanfe old Sores 
 and Ulcers. 
 
 HORN. 
 
 By horn is fometimes meant the 
 Hoof. See Hoof. 
 
 To give a Stroke with the Horn^ 
 is to let a Horfe blood in the Roof 
 of the Mouth, with the Horn of a 
 Stag or Roe- Buck • the End or Tip 
 of which is fo fnnrp, as to produce 
 the End of a Lancet. They ftrike 
 with the Horn either in the middle 
 of the fourth Notch, or Ridge of 
 the upper Jaw. 
 
 HORN-H IPPED. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be Horn-hip- 
 ped, when the Tops of the two 
 haunch Bones appear too high. 
 HORSE BREAD. See BREAD. 
 
 Horfe Breads which is made of 
 
 clean Beans, Peafe, or Fitches, feed- 
 eth exceedinoly. 
 
 HORSE MINT. 
 
 Horfe Mint is very much like 
 Spear Mint^ both in its Form and 
 Qualities, and is very deter five and 
 cleanfing ; and therefore is a proper 
 Ingredient in all Scowrings. 
 HORSE RADISH. 
 
 Horfe Radifl Is a powerful Diure- 
 tick, efpecially if it be compounded 
 with fome Acid, as the Juice of Le- 
 mons, and the like ; and is very ef- 
 fedual in the Dropfy, Yellows, and 
 other chronical Diftempers. It is 
 very opening and cleanfing, and 
 therefore good in all Obftruftions in 
 the fmalleft Veffeis ; and by its great 
 Volatility it ftrengthens the Nerves, 
 and roufes the Spirits, when they are 
 iluggifh and unadive. 
 
 The beft way of giving it may be 
 by working it with fome other In- 
 gredients in new Wort. 
 
 HORSE SPICE. 
 
 ' Take Annifeeds, Englifh Li- 
 
 * quorice, Grains^ Fennel-feeds^ and 
 
 * Flower of Br/ w/?<?we, of each half a 
 ^ pound ; flice the Liquorice^ and 
 
 * dry ir, and beat it altogether in a 
 ' Mortar: And if you p'eafe, you 
 ' may alfo add a pound of FAecanj" 
 ' pane, dry'd, and pounded fmall in 
 
 * a Mortar, together with the other 
 
 * things. Some direft to add to 
 ' thefe 2 ounces of Rhubarb, and 
 ' 2 ounces of Turmeri:k. Thefe 
 ' may either be all put together, or 
 ' kept feparate till ufed ; and then 
 ' mix'd according to the fame pro- 
 ' portion as to the quantity. The 
 ' Quantity to be given a Horfe 
 
 * ou.^ht to be greater or fmaller, ac- 
 ' cording to the Strength or Con- 
 
 * ftitutionof the Horfe ; but (hould 
 ' not be above an ounce at a time. 
 
 * Mix it with a Spoonful of good 
 
 * Sallad Oil, and a Spoonful or ttvo 
 ' of the Treacle of Jean^ diflblved 
 
 ' in 
 
H O 
 
 in a quart of ftrong Beer, 
 ■ very good to make a Horfe thrive, 
 ' or for a Cold.' 
 
 You may alfo give a Horfe an 
 ounce ofthem in a Morning fading, 
 in 3 pints of Ale, or ftrong Beer, 
 made lukewarm, after he has been 
 let blood, to prevent Difeafes. Let 
 him ftand in the houfe, and give him 
 warm Water to drink, and a Mafh. 
 
 If the Rhubarb be left out, you 
 may give the Horfe a greater quan- 
 
 tity, 
 
 that beino a ereat Purger. 
 
 HORSE TAI L. 
 
 Horfe Tail is of an aftringent qua- 
 lit}', is good to cure Wounds, even 
 when the Sinews have been cut a- 
 funder, for inward Ulcers of the Blad- 
 der, and outward Sore?, provokes 
 Urine, is good for Lasks, and pif- 
 Cng of Blood. 
 
 HOUGH. 
 
 The Hough or Ham of a Horfe 
 is the Joint of the hinder quar- 
 ter, which joins the Thigh to the 
 Leg. 
 
 HOUGHBONNY. 
 
 Befcription, The Hough Bonny is 
 9 round Swelling, or hard Tumour, 
 which grows upon the Tip or very 
 Elbow of the Hoof or Hough. 
 
 Caufe. It generally proceeds from 
 feme Stroke or Bruife ; and if ir be 
 neglefted till the Subftance of the 
 Swelling becomes hard like Glue, it 
 will be difficult to cure* 
 
 But if it be taken in time, the 
 Soldier's Ointment^ or Ointment of 
 Marfly Mallows^ and Ointment of 
 
 Amber^ 
 
 being 
 
 chaf'd into the Part 
 
 with a hot Bar of Iron, will efFed 
 the Cure • and if not, that of Dia- 
 chylon^ with Gums melted, and pour- 
 ed warm upon the top of the Hough, 
 renewing it as it wafte?, will do if. 
 
 But if'tbe Swelling fhould encreafe 
 and turn to an Impofthume, then it 
 will be proper to ripen it with Cata- 
 plafms, and to open it with a hot 
 
 ( 283 ) H u 
 
 It is Iron, piercing it from below up- 
 wards, and afterwards drefs it with 
 the common Digeftive of Turpew 
 tine and Honey, or with the Yolks of 
 Eg^s, mix'd with the Spirit of Wine *, 
 and make a firm Bandage over the 
 Part. But if the Hardnefs proves 
 obftinate, and does not give way, 
 then with a round hot Iron pene- 
 trate a little way into the body of the 
 Swell'ng, and draw feveral fuperfi- 
 cial Lines, and drefs them as is di- 
 refted for thofe Wounds made by 
 giving the Fire. 
 
 HOUNDS TONGUE. 
 
 Hounds Tongue, is good to thicken 
 the Juices, and is therefore very ufe- 
 ful in all Deflujfions and Catarrhs, 
 Flujces and Haemorrhages. It flow- 
 ers in July* 
 
 HOUSELEEK. 
 
 Houfeleeky or Sengreen, is of a 
 cooling quality, and is good for all 
 Heats inward and outward ; it cools 
 hot Inflammations in the Eyes, and 
 other Parts of the Body 5 it is good 
 for Burns, Cankers, Tettars, Ring- 
 worms, <^c. 
 
 HOUSING. 
 
 Bwt-houfingy is a piece of Stuff, 
 which is faftened to the hinder part 
 of the Saddle, that covers a Horfe's 
 Croupe, either for the fake of Or- 
 nament, or to hide the Horfe's Lean- 
 nefs, or to fave the Clothes of the 
 Rider from bein;^ d^wb'd and foil'd 
 by the Sweat of the Horfe. 
 
 Shoe-houfing, is a piece of Cloth, 
 bordered with a F/inge, and often- 
 times put round the Saddle, fo as to 
 cover the Croupe, and to hang down 
 to the lower part of the Belly, to fave 
 the Stockings of thofe that ride with 
 Shoes. 
 
 HOUSSE. 
 
 Hmjfe is a faddie Cafe or cover- 
 
 ing of Leather, 
 
 oyer a Saddle to fave it. 
 
 Cloth, ifyc, to put 
 
 HU. 
 
H U 
 
 HUMIDITY. 
 
 Humidity is that Quality that is 
 ufiully caird Moiftute : It differs 
 from Fluidity, in that it depends 
 altogether on the Congruity of the 
 component Particles of any Liquor 
 to the Pores and Surfaces of fuch 
 particular Bodys as it is capable of 
 adhering to. 
 
 Thus Quick- filver is not a moift 
 'Liquor in refpeft to our Hands and 
 Clothes, and many other Things it 
 will not ftick to ; and even Water 
 itfelf that is the great Standard of 
 Moifture and Humidity, is not ca- 
 pable of wetting every Tning ; as it 
 will not wet the Feathers of Ducks, 
 Swans, and other Water- Fowl ; 
 nor the Leaves of" Cabbages, and 
 many other Plants, on which it 
 ftands and runs eafilv off in glo- 
 bular Drops. But Quick- filver may 
 be cali'd a moift Liquor in refped 
 to Gold, Tin or Lead, to the Sur- 
 faces of which, it will prefently ad- 
 here. 
 
 HUMOUR S. 
 The four Humours that help to 
 conflitute a natural Body are. Bloody 
 Fhlegm, Choler and Melancholy j 
 and without thefe an animal Body 
 cannot be made. 
 
 The Bhod, (if it 
 PerFeclion) is hot and 
 takes moll from Hear, 
 fore is fubordinate to 
 Fountain of" the Blood is the Heart, 
 which difperfes it into all the Parts 
 of the Body, and thereby principally 
 nourifhes and preferves them. t 
 
 Pkle^m is cold and moift, bu, 
 Coldnefs is its principal Qisjlity 
 and therefore has reference to Wa- 
 ter. It helps the Motion of the 
 Joints and Mcmberr. 
 
 Choler is hot and dry, but its 
 principal Quality is Heat. That 
 Portion which is voided into the 
 Guts, excites and provokes the Bo- 
 dy to void its Excrements, 
 
 ( 284 ) H U 
 
 Melancholy is cold and dry. 
 THE HUNGRY EVIL. 
 
 Jhe Defcription. The Hungry- 
 Evil is an unnatural and over-hafty 
 
 p 
 
 be in its 
 moift, but 
 and there- 
 Air. The 
 
 Greedinefs in a Horfe, to devour 
 his Meat fafter than he can chew it, 
 and may be known by his fnatch- 
 ing at his Meat, as if tie would de- 
 vour it whole. 
 
 Some fay that when a Horfe is 
 troubled with thefe Imperfeftions, 
 he will about 3 Hours after he has 
 eaten greedily, fall into a Fit, as if 
 he were deprived of the ufe of his 
 Limbs, and be almoft unable to 
 ftir his Feet, being equally unfen- 
 fible of^Carefles and Threatenings, 
 and will ftand motionlefs and fuffer 
 himfelf to be beaten, and fpurr*d 
 without ftirring. And fuch Horfes 
 tho great Eaters, are ufually lean. 
 
 The Caufe. Some fay it proceeds 
 from a great Emptinefs or lack of 
 Meat ; fometimes by a Cold out- 
 wardly taken, fometimes by travel- 
 ling in Froft and Snow, the out- 
 ward Cold rendring the Stomach 
 cold, whereby all the inward Pow- 
 ers are become weakened. 
 
 The Signs. It may be knov/n by 
 the Alteration of the Horfe's feed- 
 ing, for having loft all Tempe- 
 r:?nce, he will fnatch and chop at 
 he would devour the 
 
 as n 
 
 his Meat 
 Manger. 
 The Cure. 
 
 Give him large Sli- 
 ces of white-Bread toafted, and 
 foaked in Canary ; or give hm 
 IVheat-Flower and Wine mingled 
 together : Or make him Bread of 
 Fine-N/ity Meal mingled with 
 wine 5 or give him Wheat-Meal 
 and Mill^, mixed together to 
 drink. But nothing is better than 
 to feed him moderately many 
 Times a day, with good 
 
 Bean- 
 
 Bread well baked, or Oats well 
 dried and fifced. 
 
 If 
 
J A 
 
 C 285 ) 
 
 J A 
 
 ^ If the Horfe be taken with one 
 
 * of h!S ftupid Fits before-men- 
 ' tioned, upon the Road, foiTie di- 
 
 * red to get oif his Back, and let 
 ' him eat Grafs heartily, and then 
 ' to remount.' 
 
 THE H URLE BONE. 
 The Cure. < TsktOdoi Turpcn- 
 
 * tine and firo77g Beer, of each e- 
 
 * qual Quantitys, (hake them well 
 
 * together in a Glafs viol, and a- 
 
 * noinr the grieved Part with it, as 
 ' alfo the Brawn and indde of the 
 ' Thigh down to the Gambrels ; 
 
 * dry it in well with a hot Iron. 
 
 * Continue to do this daily, work- 
 ' ing the Bone in well with your 
 
 * Hand, to bring it to its right 
 
 * Place, and it will cure it in a few 
 < Days. 
 
 ' AUho the Medicine is fharp and 
 
 * biting, and will make the Skin 
 
 * puff and heave up, yet you need 
 ' not be under any Appreaenflon, 
 ' for there is no Danger. 
 
 ' After the Horfe has been a- 
 ' nointed, tie him up to the Rack 
 
 * for about half an Hour, that he 
 
 * may not come to the Part to bite 
 
 * it J and as he (lands in the S:a- 
 ' ble, put a Wedge of Wood about 
 ' the breadth of a Six-pence be- 
 ^ tvveen his Toe and his Shoe ; 
 
 * but this muft be taken out when 
 
 * he is ridden out, and when you 
 
 ' bring him into the Stable, yo« 
 ' mult put it in again, 
 
 *^ After the Horfe has been once 
 ' anointed, and the Bone put int3 
 ' its Place again, you may put upon 
 ' it a Charge of Oxycroceufn and 
 ' ParacelfuSf and that will ftrength- 
 ' en h CO that degree, that it will 
 ' not flip out again, 
 
 * But the beft and fpeedieft Cure 
 ' is to pen him, which the Farriers 
 ' know how to perform.* E, K. 
 HYDROPIC K. 
 
 Hydrcpick fignifys, one that is 
 roubled with a Dropfy 5 alfo a 
 Medicine contrived againft that 
 Diftemper. 
 
 HYSSOP. 
 
 Hyjfop \s an Herb that \s both 
 warm and cleanfing, and therefore 
 is very ufeful in ali Diforders of the 
 Lungs and other Vifcera^ proceeding 
 from Colds and Surfeits. 
 
 It may be given either in a De- 
 co£tion fweetened with Honey or 
 Sugar Candy dried and powdered, 
 and mixr with other Ingredients 5 
 or in fome Liquid by way of 
 Drench, which is the moft proper 
 for Horfes, or made up into Balis. 
 HEDGE-HYSSOP. 
 
 Hedge-Hyff'-p is a of a drying 
 Quality, and outwardly apph'ed, 
 it is good for Pains in the joints, 
 and to cleanfe old Ulcers. 
 
 WG' 
 
 J- 
 
 JACK BY THE HEDGE. 
 Tvid^ by the Hedge, or Sauce a- 
 Jl lone ; the green Leaves are 
 good to heal Ulcer?, the Seed boiled 
 in Wine, is good againil the Wind- 
 Cholick, 
 
 JALAP. 
 
 ^alap is of two Sorts ; both of 
 Whiih are brw-u^ht to us from New 
 
 Spain J that which is the beft, is of 
 the darkeft Colour, which when it is 
 broke, looks of a black and fnining 
 Colour. 
 
 It is an excellent Purger of wa- 
 tery and pituitous Humours *, the 
 be(l way to give it to Horfes is in 
 Subftance, in fome proper Mixture, 
 being powdsvsd, from an Ounce or 
 
 2 
 
J A ( J 
 
 2 Ounces, or more to a Horfe that is 
 ftrong and robuft 
 
 JAPAN EARTH. 
 
 This ^apan Earth is the infpif- 
 fate Juice of a Fruit in the Eajl In- 
 dies, which, when it is dry, refem- 
 bles a fattifli Earth. 
 
 The beft of it is of a dark purple 
 Colour, and very rough and au- 
 ftere upon the Palate, not unlike 
 our Englijl) Sloes, except that ic 
 leaves a fomewhat more fweetifh 
 Relifh in the Mouth. 
 
 It is accounted very powerful in 
 flopping all Fluxes of the Belly, and 
 drying up all manner of Defludions 
 and Rheums. 
 JARDES, OR JARDONS. 
 
 'gardes or Jdrdons^ are hard 
 callous Tumours, a little below the 
 bending of the Ham on the out- 
 fide ; altho this Diftemper can 
 fcarce be difcerned at firft, yet m 
 time it will make the Horfe halt, 
 and grow fo painful as to caufe him 
 to pine away, and become light- 
 bellied. This Diftemper is moft 
 common to manag'd Hoifes that 
 have been kept too much upon 
 their Haunches. You may firft at- 
 tempt the Cure by applying the fol- 
 lowing Plafter, call'd the Mercurial 
 Plajler, 
 
 *■ Take 3 Frogs, 4 Ounces of 
 
 * Earth-Worms, half a Pound of 
 « Hogs -Lard, and a Pint of White- 
 ' Wme^ boil them till the watery 
 
 * Parts are evaporated j then zdd 
 
 * half a Pound of Litharge and 
 « frefti Wme^ and boil it till the 
 
 * whole is incorporated. Then put 
 « m 2 Ounces of Way, and the 
 ' fame Quantity of Od of Bays, 
 ' and an Ounce and half of Adders- 
 
 * Eat ; Huphorbium finely powder- 
 ' ed, half an Ounce, and Fran- 
 ' kincenfe one Ounce, and ffhack- 
 ' /ilver 8 Ounces, firft incorporated 
 
 * in a Mortar with 2 Ounces of 
 
 J A 
 
 85 ) 
 
 ' Turpent'mey and the fame Quan= 
 
 ' tity of Oil of Spike^ and half an 
 
 ' Ounce of Liquid St or ax, make it 
 
 * into a Plafter, and keep it for 
 
 * ufe. 
 
 ' If the Diftemper proves obfti. 
 ^ nate, and does not fnbmitto this, 
 
 * you may treat it as is direded, for 
 ' a Bone Spavin, &c.' 
 
 The Signs. This Imperfedion 
 may be known thus : If upon the 
 infide andthejardon without, there 
 be as it were a Circle that joineth 
 them, and invironeth the Nerve 
 of the Inftep, it is incurable. 
 
 Solleyfell fays, he never faw this 
 Circle but it was attended with ei- 
 ther a Jardon or Spavin ; bur he- 
 has feen Spavins and Jardons with- 
 out it. 
 
 J A R R E T I E R. 
 
 Jarretier is an old French Word 
 that fignifys a Horfe, whofe Hoofs 
 are too clofe together. 
 
 JAUNDICE, See YELLOWS. 
 JE WS E ARS. 
 
 Jews- Ears grow out of Alder \ 
 they are efteemed cleanfing and 
 healing, and for that reafon are 
 made ufe of againft inward Ulcers, 
 and alfo outwardly in Cataplafms. 
 The Decoft on of them is good to 
 wafh foul Ulcers ; they are ufed to 
 Inflammations of the Throat and 
 Jaws. 
 
 IMBECILLITY. 
 
 Imhecillity is Weaknefs, a State 
 of Languor or Decay, in which the 
 Body is not able to perform its 
 ufual Exsrcifes or Fundions. 
 IMBIBE. 
 
 To imbibe is to drink in, as when 
 a porous Body takes up one that is 
 liquid. 
 
 IMMATURE. 
 
 Immature fignifys unripe, or 
 crude. 
 
 IM- 
 
I M (2 
 
 IMPOST HUMES. 
 
 Impofthumes are Swellings in any 
 Part of the Body, which proceed 
 from a Colkdion of corrupt 
 Humours making it to fweli, and 
 at laft proceed to an Inflammation, 
 and break out into foul Matter and 
 running Sores. 
 
 The^Canfe. They are caufed by 
 unwholfome Feeding, or corrupt 
 Blood, and fometimes by fome 
 Blow or Bruife, or Cold taken in 
 the Head, and are at firft very 
 hard and fore. They muft be ri- 
 pened before they are cured. 
 
 The Cure. ' All cold Impof- 
 ' thumes or Swellings require the 
 « Application of hot Simples, and 
 
 * all hot ones require cold. If the 
 ' Swelling impofthumates, it may be 
 ' known by the Heat, and when it 
 
 * is fit to be opened, it is to be done 
 ' with a hot Iron. 
 
 * Bruife of the Roots of Mallows 
 
 * and White- Lillys^ equal Quanti- 
 
 * tys, and boil them in Linfeed- 
 
 * Oil and Hogi-greafe till they are 
 
 * foft, and apply them to the Part 
 ' in manner of a PJafter, and it will 
 
 * foon ripen, break and heal ft. 
 ' Or you may anoint the Place 
 ' twice a day with the Ointment of 
 ' Populeon. Or, 
 
 ' Melt together alike Quan- 
 
 * titys of Gum-Arabick^ Sanguis 
 
 * Draconisy Incenfe^ Majhcky Pitch 
 ' of Greece, Turpentine and 
 ' new V/ax, ftrain them and lay 
 
 * them Plafter-wife to the Impof- 
 ' thume, and let it lie on without 
 
 * removing, and it will both ripen, 
 ' break and heal it. Or, 
 
 ' Having dried Southern-Wood 
 
 * to Powder, make a Salve with 
 
 * i the Tolkt of Eggs and Barley- 
 
 * Meal, and lay it to the Impof- 
 
 * thume, and it will do the fame.' 
 
 ' AN IMPOSTHUME IN THE 
 EAR. 
 f Boil the Clay cf a loam or 
 
 87 ^ 
 
 I M 
 
 ^ mud-Wall, Straws and all, \t\ 
 
 * firong Vinegar, and apply it to the 
 
 * Sore in manner of a Plafter, and 
 
 * it will fearch to the bottom and 
 
 * heal it. If any dead Flefh arife, 
 ' you muft cut it away.* 
 
 IMPREGNATION. 
 
 Impregnation fignifys the Emif- 
 fion of the Male Seed, in Coition, 
 by which the Female conceives, or 
 becomes with Young. In Pharma' 
 cy it is ufed for the fating one Bo- 
 dy with another ; (o any Menjiru- 
 um \s faid to be impregnated with 
 a Body which \s diiTolved and incor- 
 porated with if, as much as the 
 Pores of it are able to receive. 
 IN, INNER, INSIDE, WITHIN, 
 
 AND THEIR CONTRARYS, 
 
 THE OUT, OUTSIDE, AND 
 
 WITHOUT. 
 
 The Inner-Heel, the Inner-Leg^ 
 the In-Rein j this manner of fpeak- 
 ing relates to feveral Things, ac- 
 cording as a Horfe works to the 
 right or left upon the Vaults, or as 
 he works along by a Wall, a Hedge, 
 or the like. And thefe Terms are 
 ufed to diftinguifh on what fide the 
 Horfemen is to give the Aids. 
 
 For a-long by a Wall, that i§ 
 cali'd the In-le:^ that is from the 
 Wail, and the Outer-Leg is the Leg 
 of the fide with the Wall. 
 
 And in working upon Vaults, if 
 a Horfe works to the right, then 
 the right Leg and Heel a-e the In- 
 ner-Leg and Heel; and fo confe- 
 quently the Left-Leg and Heel muft 
 be the Outer-Leg and Heel. And it 
 will be direfVly the contrary, if the 
 Horfe works to the left. 
 
 But inftead of thefe Terms, 
 Riding-Mafters now commonly ufe 
 the Terms Ri^ht and Left, 
 
 To put a Horfe in, /. e. to breed 
 or drefs him ; by which is meant 
 to put him right upon the Hand and 
 Heels. 
 
 IN- 
 
IN (2 
 
 INANIMATE. 
 
 hmn'mmte is warning, or that 
 hath not animal Life. 
 
 IN APPETENCY. 
 
 Inappetef2cy is a want or lofs of 
 Appetite. 
 
 INCANTATION. 
 
 Incantation is Witchcraft, or 
 curing Dlfeafes by muficai Charms. 
 INCARNATION. 
 
 l7icarnatton is the healing or 
 fining up Ulcers or Wounds with 
 new FleOi. 
 
 INCARNATIVES. 
 
 Incarnat'ives are Medicines that 
 fill up Wounds, ^c. with new Flefh. 
 INCORDING OR BURSTNESS, 
 See RUPTURE. 
 
 Inccrding or Burjinefs^ \s when 
 the Rim or thin Film that holdeth 
 up the Guts in a Horfe's Body is 
 broken, To that the Gu:s fall down 
 either into the Horfe's Cods or 
 Flank, which may be caus'd either 
 by a Strain in leaping over fome 
 Hedge or Ditch_, ^c. or by run- 
 ning a Horfe beyond his Strength, 
 the flipping of his hinder Feet, or 
 o:her Accident?. 
 
 INCORPORATl ON. 
 
 Incorporation is the embodying 
 or mixing the Panicles of difte- 
 rent Bodys together, as that 
 they appear one uniform Sub- 
 ftance or Compofition of the 
 W'hole) fo that the Ingredients or 
 Eodys that are mix'd, are not dif- 
 cerncd n\ any of their particular 
 Qualitys. 
 
 TO INCRASSATE. 
 
 Toincra[fateFi\\\ds^ is to render 
 them thicker than before, by the 
 2\iixiure of lefs fiuid Particles. 
 TO INDURATE. 
 
 To indurate, is to give a harder 
 or firmer Confidence to a Thing, 
 to a greater Solidity of the Parti- 
 cles. Thus a Humour is indura- 
 ted by the Addition of earthy and 
 foHd Particles, 
 
 88 ; 
 
 I N 
 
 INFECTION. 
 
 Infection is a manner of commu- 
 nicating a Difeafe by fome effluvia 
 or Particles, which fly off from dii^- 
 tempered Bodys, and mixing; with 
 the Juices of others, occaflon the 
 fame Diforders as in the Bodys they 
 came from. 
 
 INFLAMMATION. 
 
 An Infiafn f nation is when the 
 Blood is obftruded, fo as to 
 croud in a greater Quantity into any 
 particular Part, and give it a greater 
 Heat and Colour than ufual. 
 
 Anoint an Inflammation with the 
 Oil of Fopuleon, and rub it in cold 
 with your Hand once a day, or 
 twice at the mofl, till it is down. 
 See Impoflhume. 
 
 INFLATION. 
 
 An Inflation is a blowing up, or 
 a flretching, or filling any Part with 
 a flatulent or windy Subftance. 
 INFUSION. 
 
 Infupoii is a way of drawing out 
 the Vertues of Plants, Roots, and 
 the like, by fteeping them in fome 
 Liquor j and this is ufually done in 
 thcfe Bodys that are of a laxer Tex- 
 ture than tho(e that require a De- 
 coction, and whofe Parts are fo 
 light, that they will not well admit of 
 a greater Motion without the Hazard 
 of flying; away in the Vapour. 
 I NG RE DIE NTS. 
 
 Ingredients are all thofe Simples, 
 that go into the Compofiticn of 
 any one Medicine. 
 
 INJECTION. 
 
 Injef^iofi is the throwing in any 
 Medicine made to be injeded by a 
 Clyf^er-pipe, Syringe or any other 
 Inftrument into any Part of the 
 Body. 
 
 INSOLATION. 
 
 I>?foUtion is an Infuflon made la 
 the Warmth of the Sun. 
 
 TO INSPISSATE. 
 
 To infpijfate is to thicken, or 
 
 to bring a Liquid to a thicker Con- 
 
 iiftence> 
 
I N 
 
 ( 289 ) 
 
 I N 
 
 iiftence, by evaporating the thinner 
 Parts ; and thui Juices, as that of 
 Liquorice^ are infpiflated. 
 INSTEP. 
 
 Injiep is that Part of the Hinder- 
 Leg of a Hoffe that correfponds 
 to the Shank in the Fore-Leg, ex- 
 tending fl'om the Ham to the Paf- 
 tern Point. 
 
 INSTINCT. 
 
 Inflinfl is that Aptitude, FltneH;, 
 or Dlfpofition in any Creature, 
 which by its pecuh'ar Formation, it 
 is naturally endowed with. 
 
 INTEGUNENT. 
 
 Integument among Anatomifls, 
 fignifys the common Coverings of 
 the Body, whether the Cnticula^ 
 Cut'ts^ or the Membranes of any 
 particular Part ; as the Alufcks are 
 call'd Integuments, 
 
 INTENTION. 
 
 Intention among Phyficians, \5 
 that Judgment or particular Method 
 of Cure that a Phyfician forms to 
 himfelf, from a due Examination of 
 the Symptoms. 
 
 INTERMITTENT, OR 
 INTERMITTING. 
 
 Intermittent or Intermitting Fe- 
 vers, are fuch as go off and foon 
 return again j fo alfo any other 
 Diftempers 'are called intermittent^ 
 in oppofition to thofe that are al- 
 ways continued. See Ague. 
 TO I NTERFERE. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to interfere, 
 when the fide of one of his Shoes 
 ftrikes againft and hurts one of his 
 Fet-Iocks, or the hewing one Leg 
 againft another and ftriking off the 
 Skin. 
 
 The Caufe. It proceeds fiom 
 Weaknefs and Straitnefs of the 
 Horfe's Pace ; and Shackle-Gal- 
 ling is any galling under the Fet- 
 lock. 
 
 The Cure* « Anoint with Tur- 
 * ^entine and Verdegreafe mixed 
 
 ' together, or if it does not rankle 
 ' too much, with Tiirpenti-.ie kne,' 
 See Enter fere. 
 
 INTESTINES. 
 
 Internes are the Inward? or 
 Boweis of Animals. 
 
 IN VETE RATE. 
 
 Inveterate D-feafes are obftinate 
 Difeafes, and fuch as have been of 
 Icng Conrinuapce. 
 
 INVOLUNTARY. 
 
 An involuntary Excretion is any 
 natural Excretion which happens 
 thro' want of Power to reftrain it. 
 
 Invoiuntvry Motions are al! fuch 
 convulfive Motions where the Muf, 
 cles are invigorated ro ^ftion, with- 
 out the confent of the Mind. 
 I N U S T I O N. 
 
 Liu/liozi among Su'.'geons is the 
 Operation of the Cautery or burn- 
 ing. 
 S A I N T :? (? HzV's WORT. 
 
 Saint John's IVt^rc is a moit -ex- 
 cellent vulnerary Herb, and of great 
 Efficacy in inward Wounds and 
 Ulcers. It is good outwardly to 
 difcufsSwellings,2ithet- in Cataphfrns 
 or Decoc"^ions. .And inwardly it is 
 good to open Obftru6lion«, for 
 Confumptions, and broken-W'nd- 
 cdryeil. Diforders of the L;v<-r, 
 Dropfys, and Diforders of the 
 Kidneys, Bleedings inward or out- 
 ward. 
 
 JOINT. 
 
 Horfes that are fhort-jointed or 
 fliort-Iego*d, are faid to become 
 ftrait upon their Members, efpeciaily 
 if their Heels are left too high in 
 (hoeing ; thofe Horfes which are 
 long- jointed, on the contrary, ply 
 and bend their Patterns fo far back 
 and near to the Ground, thit they 
 are not fo fubjed to be ftrait-mem- 
 bred. 
 
 IRISH SLATE. 
 
 Iriflj Slate is fomething refem- 
 
 bling a Coal-ftone ; It is fattifh 
 
 U and 
 
K E ( 2po ) K E 
 
 and is fweetned, principally to be a Vehicle 
 of other Foims, not being fo fit to 
 take alone. 
 
 JUNIPER. 
 Juniper Berrys are good againft 
 Poifon, the Plague, and biting of 
 venemous Beafts ; are very effi- 
 cacious in deterging and cleanfing 
 the Vifcera ; for which reafon they 
 are very good in the Yellows, 
 and all Obftrudions of the Liver^ 
 Spleen and Mefentery, And ha- 
 ving; much of the Turpentine kind 
 in them, they fcour the Kidneys 
 and urinary Paflages, they provoke 
 Urine ; and by reafon of their 
 Warmth, are very ufeful in all 
 Diforders that proceed from Wind 
 and Flatulency in the Bowels. A 
 Lye made of the Aflics, and the 
 Body being bathed with it, is good 
 
 and fomething bituminous, 
 therefore frequently prefcrib'd to 
 heal the Accidents that happen from 
 violent Bruifes, v'c. 
 IRON. 
 
 The aftringent Crocus of Iron, 
 IS fometimes adminiftred among 
 other Ingredients to Hor fes, to 
 ftrengthen in cafes of Debility and 
 Weaknefs, and to dry up Loofe- 
 nt(s and Hsemorrhages, And the 
 Water of Smiths Forges, wherein 
 they have quenched their hot Iron, 
 is good for the fame Intentions, 
 but efpecially being given by way 
 ofClyfter. 
 
 ISINGLASS. 
 
 Ifmolafi is the Jelly of a T'tfl) 
 dried into the Confiftence of a 
 Gum, is of a very glutinous and 
 binding Quality, and is very effi- 
 cacious in all Weaknefles. It h 
 good alfo in all Defludlions and 
 Hsemorrhages, vc, 
 
 JTCH IN THE TAIL. 
 
 If a Horfe has the Itch in his 
 Tail, mix yellow Arfenick with 
 fre(lj Greafe, and rub it hard in, the 
 Sore being made raw before. 
 J U B E B S. 
 
 Jubehs are pretty much of the 
 Nature of Figs, but are dryer and 
 ufed in moft of the fame Intentions. 
 JULEP. 
 
 yulep is a Medicine made of 
 fimple and compound Water 
 
 for the Mange. 
 
 IVY. 
 Ivy growing either upon Walls 
 or Trees, is of an aftringent Qiia- 
 lity. The Leaves or Flowers ap- 
 plied outwardly, comfort the 
 Nerves and Sinews ; the Flowers 
 are good to flop Lasks and bloody 
 Fluxes ; the yellow Berrys are good 
 for the Yellows, and provoke U- 
 rine j it cleanfes foul Ulcers, Sores, 
 and green Wounds 5 the Juice of 
 the Berrys and Leaves fquirted up 
 the Nofe, purges the Head of 
 Rheum, and cures the Ulcers there. 
 
 ^^^tt^l^HJI^iic 
 
 KERNELS. 
 
 SOlkyfell in treating of the Faults 
 and Imperfedions of Horfes, 
 advifes to examine if there be any 
 Swelling, Hardnefs or moving Ker- 
 nel, between the two Jaw-Bones. 
 
 If there are, and the Horfe be young, 
 it is a fign that as yet he has not 
 caft his Gourm or Strangle ; or at 
 leaft, that he haih caft it but im- 
 perfedly. 
 
 Tho 
 
K E 
 
 (2 
 
 ' Tho a Horfe be above the Age 
 of a Coir, and thofe Kernels bs no 
 bigger than large Peafe, and altho 
 there roay be a pretty Number of 
 ' them, they are of no great confe- 
 i quence, for Exercife and Sweating 
 ' will in. a lliort time difcufs them. 
 But if the Horfe be above 6 Years 
 old, they are a little more to be 
 feared, but not Co much as to de- 
 ter you from buying the Hcrfe. 
 Thefe Kernels may proceed either 
 from a Rheum or Cold, or from 
 a Remainder of a Gourm or Stran- 
 gle, which have been neglefted to 
 be difcufs 'd. 
 
 If there be fixed to the Jaw- 
 Bone a fixed painful Kerne), it is 
 almoft always a fign of the Glan- 
 ders, efpecially if the Horfe be paft 
 7 Years of Age ; but if he be not 
 quite 6, it may be only the Stran- 
 gle, efpecially if he have no Cough 
 with it : for commonly a Cough 
 is only the EfFeft of the Strangle. 
 
 If a Horfe has any kind of Ker- 
 nels between his J aw- Bones, whe- 
 ther fixed or loofe, you fhould flop 
 his Noftrils with your Hand, and 
 having kept him a pretty while 
 without breathing thro' them, if, 
 when you let him go, he forces 
 himself to fneeze, you rauft 
 obferve if the Noftrils run, and 
 if he throws out Matter refem- 
 bling the Whites of Eggs in 
 great Quantity, and of an impof- 
 thumous Confiftence, then it is to 
 be feared ; but if it be in fmall 
 Quantity, then it is not to be re- 
 garded : and if what he cafteth out 
 in great Quantity be vifcous, and 
 cleave to the Infide of the Noftrils, 
 it is a fign of great Malignity, ef- 
 pecially if the (harpnefs of the Hu- 
 mour have occafioned any Ulcer 
 there. And it may be juftly fuf- 
 pefted to be the Glanders ; and if 
 the Horfe is 8 Years old, he is not 
 to be ventured upon, 
 
 Pi ) K I 
 
 If there be a fix'd Kernel tha 
 the Horfe will not fufFer to be hand ' 
 led by reafon of the Pain it put 
 him to, and csfts only at one Nof- 
 tril, and if the Kernel be hard, al- 
 tho not painful, and tho the Horfe 
 be not 6 Years old, if he does not 
 cough with ir, there is a great deal 
 of Reafon to conclude that it is the 
 Glanders. 
 TO CURE KERNELS 
 
 UNDER A HORSE 'S 
 
 THROAT. 
 
 * Firft fear them with i Candle, 
 
 * then lay a piece of frefh or falc 
 ' Butter on a piece of red Cloth 
 ' and rub it well in, and in a Fort- 
 ' night's time the Kernels will be 
 ^ difperfed. And if the Horfe have 
 ' a Running at his Nofe, it will 
 ^ flop w'hen the Kernels are gone, 
 ' Anoint the Knots or Kernels 
 
 * twice a day, for the /pace of a 
 ' Week. If it be in Summer, you 
 ' may let the Horfe run abroad 5 
 
 * but if it be in Winter, you fhould 
 ' keep him within Doors, Or, 
 
 * Mix Soap and Brandy, and ap- 
 
 * ply it hot to the Kernels, and 
 ' heat it in with a hot Iron ; and it 
 
 * will either fink them flat or break 
 ' them.* 
 
 K IB'D-HEELS. 
 
 Ktb'd-Heeli^ fays a certain Au- 
 thor, are a Scab breeding behind, 
 fomewhat above the neither Joint, 
 which grow over-thwart the Fet- 
 lock. 
 
 Solleyfell defines them to be 
 Chops and Clefts, which furround 
 the back Parts of the Paftern Joint?, 
 where they ply and bend. Thefe 
 Chinks as a Horfe is travelling fhuc 
 and open, by reafon of the Motion 
 made by the Paftern Joint, and 
 caufes them to be very painful and 
 hard to be dried up, becaufe the 
 Movement that keeps them ftill o* 
 pen, augments the Defcent of the 
 Humour iha: nourifhes them. 
 
 U 2 Ocher? 
 
K I r 292 
 
 Others call them Chinks and ' 
 
 Sores, on the Infide of the Hind- ' 
 
 pafterns and in the Heels. * 
 
 The Caufe, They are caufed by * 
 Gravel or Dirt which v;ounds the 
 
 Parts, or by travelling in deep ' 
 
 Roads ; or fometimes they proceed * 
 
 from being bred in cold Grounds, ' 
 
 or for want of good Drefling after ' 
 
 the Horfe has been rid in foul * 
 
 Ways : For the Dirt (licking to the ' 
 
 Legs frets the Skin, and makes ' 
 fcabby Rifts ; which are very pain 
 
 ) 
 
 K I 
 
 ful and caufe the Legs to fwell, ef- 
 pecially in Winter and Spring-time, 
 and then he goes very ftiffly. 
 
 Mr. Gibfon fays, that they moft 
 commonly proceed from Gourdi- 
 nefs, the Matter beginning firft to 
 difcharge itfelf in that Part. 
 
 The Cure, « If they proceed 
 only from riding in deep gravelly 
 Roads, then the Cure may be 
 efFeded by keeping them clean, 
 and vvafhing them frequently with 
 Chamber'lye or Brine, 
 
 * If they proceed I'rom the Greafe^ 
 ' they will fend forth abundance of 
 ' (linking Matter, and will be more 
 
 * difficult to be cared. 
 
 * As long as the Swelling is large, 
 
 * they mud not be drefs>'d v;ith 
 ' Medicines that dry too faft, but 
 
 * with thofe that are moderately 
 
 * cleandng. 
 
 * Firft bathe all the Chinks and 
 
 * Sores with Spirits of Wine every 
 ' Time you drefs them •, and then 
 
 * make ufe of one Part of ^gyp- 
 
 * tiacum, and two Parts of Bafi- 
 
 * Ucon. 
 
 ■' If there be a great Foulnefs 
 
 * and Rottennefs, ufe Mgyptiacufn 
 
 * alone, and if you find that will not 
 
 < do, then you may, with every 
 ^ 2 0\ince%^ of JEgyptiacum^ mix 
 
 < a quarter of an Ounce of white 
 
 < Vitriol^ as much Powder of Galls, 
 
 * and half a Dram of cerrofive Sub* 
 
 z 
 
 ^ limate In fine Powder ^ and when 
 ' they are become clean, the Cure 
 
 * may be compleated by Q^ickfilvtr 
 
 * and Turpentine mixed together. 
 ' You ought always to keep a 
 
 ' Cloth over the Dre(Iings, by ty- 
 
 * ing and faftening it on with a 
 ' Roller, forming a Crofs with it, 
 ' on the Infide of the Paftern, that 
 
 * the Turns may be made above 
 ' and below the Joint, that the 
 ' Aftion may not in the leaft be hia- 
 ' dred. 
 
 ' You Ihould alfo take care to 
 ' difiipate the Swelling according to 
 ' the Method prefcribed in the Cure 
 ' of the Greafe falling into the LegSy 
 ' in the Articles Oreafe or Legs, 
 
 * And if the Conftitution be faulty, 
 ' which may be eafily known by 
 ' the Difpofiiion of the Sores, 
 ' then you fhould alfo adminifter 
 
 * inward Remedy s.' 
 
 KICKER. 
 
 A Kicker is an unruly fort of 
 a Horfe, who refifts the Spur, or 
 cleaves to the Spur ; that is, he de- 
 fends himfelf with Malice againft 
 the Spur \ fometimes doubles the 
 Reins, and frequently yerks to fa- 
 vour his Difobedience. The Tremh 
 call him Ramingue, 
 
 KIDNEYS. 
 
 Their Situation, The Kidneys 
 are placed in the Loins behind the 
 Stomach and Guts ; the Right-Kid- 
 ney under the Liver, and the Left 
 under the Spleen. 
 
 The Form, That on the Right- 
 fide is fomething triangular, and 
 that on the Left is much broader 
 below than at the top, not unlike 
 an Egg in (hape. 
 
 Their Subfiance. Their Sub- 
 ftance is chiefly glandular j on the 
 outfide they have a vaft Number of 
 litde Kernels that feparate the Urine 
 from the Blood ; and from them 
 proceed an equal Number of Pipes 
 
 or 
 
K I ( 293 
 
 or Conduits, which run from the 
 Circumference towards the Center, 
 like the Spokes of a Cart- Wheel. 
 
 The Uiine is convey 'd by thefe 
 pipes or Conduits into other Glands, 
 which are call'd the CaruncuU Pa- 
 pllares, which are as big as fmall 
 Held Beans. And when the Urine 
 has undergone a farther Change in 
 thefe Glands, it is empty'd into the 
 Pelvis or Bafon, which is in the 
 Center of each Kidney. 
 
 This is a membranous Subftance, 
 and nothing elfe but an Expanfion 
 of the Ureters, which are two Pipes 
 by which the Urine pafles from the 
 refpeclive Kidneys to the Bladder. 
 
 Their Vejfels, They are nourifh- 
 «d by the Eraulgents which are their 
 own proper VeiTels. The Artery 
 fprings dire(^ly from the Aorta, 
 and the Vein has as near a Commu- 
 nication with the Cava* Their 
 Nerves fpring from the fame Branch 
 of the Intercoftal, which goes to 
 the Stomach ; and for that Reafon, 
 the leaft Diforders in the Ureters or 
 Bladder, caufes fuch fudden Sick- 
 nefs. Gibfon. 
 
 OFPAIN INTHE KID- 
 NEYS, PAININPISS, 
 
 OR THE STONE. 
 
 Thefe Difeafes proceed all from 
 one Caufe, which is only Gravel 
 or hard Matter collefted in the Kid- 
 neys, and fo (lopping the Conduits 
 of the Urine. 
 
 Ths Signs, The Horfe will often 
 ftrain to pifs and cannot. < 
 
 The Cure. * Steep a Handful of ' 
 ' Maiden- hair all Night in a Quart ' 
 * of ftrong Ale, and give it the * 
 ' Horfe to drink in the Morning ; * 
 ' repeat it every Morning till the * 
 ' Horfe be well.' « 
 
 POU THE STONE,C7'^. IN ' 
 THE KI DNEYS. ' 
 
 ' Take Dodder^ Net tie- Roots, ' 
 \ Parjley-Roots, Saxifrage and 5^e- 
 
 ) 
 
 K I 
 
 ra^e, of each a Handful; bruife 
 them and boil them in White- 
 V/ine over a gentle Fire, till one 
 third Part is wafted \ then put in 
 half a Pound of H(3»gy, 3 Ounces 
 of ths Lard of a Goat^ as much 
 Sallet-Oil, and a Handful of Salt. 
 Boil all together, ftrain the De- 
 coftion, wring it out hard, and 
 give the Horfe every Morning 
 fafting, a Pint of it Blocd-vjartn. 
 And if it has grown too thick by 
 boiling, you may make it thinnei* 
 by putting in fome V/hite-Wine. 
 < It muft not be boiled, but only 
 warmed after the firft Boiling. 
 Repeat this as long as you fee 
 occafion.* G. I, 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Take the reddeft RadiJIj Roots, 
 wafn them clean, flice them and 
 fill a Pot with them; then put 
 to them a Quart of Ak or Beer ; 
 ftop the Pot fo clofe that no Air 
 can get to it, let it remain -or 24 
 Hours ; then ftrain the Roots 
 from the Liquor fqueezing them 
 very hard, and give it the Horfe 
 in a Morning fafting ; then ride 
 him gently, and fet him up in the 
 Stable warm ; cover and litter him 
 well, and it will in a little time 
 caufe him to pifs freely. Repeat 
 this for feveral Mornings fuccefs- 
 fully, and give him white V/atec 
 for his Drink, during the Cure, 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Make a ftrong Decoftlon, C^hac 
 is, boil the fiift Quantity of Wa- 
 ter to an half Pint 3 times over) 
 of keen Onions clean pealed, and 
 Par/ley. Then put a good Spoon- 
 ful of London-Treacle to a Quart 
 of it, and the fame Quantity of 
 Powder of E^Z'djeli. Do this as 
 often as you fee the Horfe offend- 
 ed : or i{ the Infirmirv be great, 
 repeat it for divers Mornings. 
 
 U 
 
 K N E £. 
 
K N ( 2P4 ) K N 
 
 KNEE. « comes off of itfelf ; keep the 
 
 The Knee of a Horle is the Joint « Horfe within Doors. The Oil of 
 
 of the Fore Qiiarter?, that joins the 
 Fore-Thigh to the Shank. 
 
 The Knee fhould be flit and 
 large, without any Swelling or 
 Roundnefs upon the Top of it j 
 end the Shank broad, flat and fhorr, 
 the back-Sinew well detachM from 
 it j and near to the Paftern Jo-nt, 
 ftiotild be perceived the two little 
 Bones that lie upon each fide the 
 Shank-Bone : but thefe little Bones 
 do but feldom appear, except in 
 fmali fiz'd Horfes, fuch as BarOary 
 and SpaniJJj Horfes. The back- 
 Sinews alfo ought to be firm and 
 large, without any Hardnefs. 
 BROKEN KNEES. 
 IF old broken Knees which h.ive 
 been long healed up, are much fwdVd 
 and hard, then mk an Ounce and 
 a half of Oil of Turpentine, and 
 the fame Quantity of /Iro^^ Beer 
 together, fliaking ihem well toge- 
 ther in a Glifs, and with it bathe 
 the fwell'd Knee with your Hand. 
 Then 2 or 3 Days after, apply the 
 Charge of Crown Soap and Brandy 
 hor. 
 
 The Charge, 
 * Boil the Soap and Brandy till 
 they come to a white Salve, and 
 lay it on with .1 flat Stick. This 
 will make a Horfe fwe'il very 
 much, but within 2 or 9 Days af- 
 ter ic has taken its courfe, it will 
 fall as flat as may be. 
 f Let the Charge lie on till it 
 
 Wor7ns is alfo a great Mollifier of 
 ' a hard and bony Part, and hard 
 « SwelKngs.' G. 7. 
 
 KNOB. 
 For any old hard crufty Knobs 
 or Swellings which have been of 
 long ftanding, tho they are never 
 fo hard, make ufe of the Oil of 
 Turpentine and Beer^ as direfted 
 above, and the Charge of Soap and 
 Brandy : and if you pleafe, you 
 may heat it in well with a hot Iron. 
 And in 4 or 5 Days time, you may 
 ride the Horfe where you pieafe. 
 It will take it quite down. G. 1, 
 KNOT. 
 If you find a Knot or Kernel 
 that feels foft, and flips up and 
 dov/n within the Skin in any Part 
 of the Body of a Horfe, then flit 
 the Skin with an incifion Knife 
 oyer againfl it ; making n fo wide, 
 that you may pinch the Knot out 
 to cut it off. Then with a hot 
 Iron, fear the Infide of it to ftanch 
 the Bleeding ; then flop the 
 Wound either with the Powder 
 Oi BoU-Armoniack^ or Hard-Wool » 
 The next Day open it^ and 
 waOi it clean with a linen-Rag 
 tied upon a Stick, dipt in Verjuice 
 or Wmte Wine Vinegar ^ drying up 
 the Mjifture with a linen Rag. 
 Then heal it either with a fort of 
 green Ointmentj or any other pro- 
 per Salve» 
 
 L. L A C- 
 
L A 
 
 ( 2P J ) 
 
 L A 
 
 mmmmmmmmmm^mmmmmmmmmmm^mm 
 
 LACTEAL. 
 
 LAHeal Veins are long and {len- 
 der Pipes, the Coats of which 
 are fo thin, as to become invifible, 
 when they are not diftended with 
 Chyle or Lympha, 
 
 They arife from all the Parts of 
 the fmall Guts, by fine capillary 
 Tubes, which, as they run from 
 the fides of the Guts to the Glands 
 in the Mefentery, unite and form 
 large Branches j thefe are callM the 
 Vena La^ed prim't Generis. 
 
 The Mouths of thefe Ladeals 
 that are open into the Cavaties of 
 the Guts, from whence they re- 
 ceive ihe Chyle, are fo fmall, that 
 they cannot be feen by the beft 
 Microfcope, 
 
 It is necefiary that they fliould 
 be fmaller than the fined Arteries 
 m the Body, that nothing might 
 enter which might ftop the Circula- 
 tion of the Blood. 
 
 The fame Extremity of the Lac- 
 teals, haslikewife a Communication 
 with the capillary Arterys of the 
 Guts, by wh'ch they receive a Lym- 
 p>ha, which dilutes and propels the 
 Chyle forwards, and wafhes the 
 Lafteals and Glands that they may 
 not fur, and fo be obftrufted by 
 the ChyWi (laying upon them when 
 fafting. 
 
 The other Extremity of the Lac- 
 teals, difcharges the Chyle into the 
 veficular Cells of the Glands, which 
 are difperfed up and down the 
 Mefentery, and from thefe other 
 Lafteals of a larger fize arife, 
 which carry the C^jyle immediately 
 into the Keceptaculum Chyli. 
 
 The LaHeal Veins have Valves 
 
 at feveral Diftances, which hinder 
 the chyle from returning back into 
 the Inteftines. 
 
 LADIES MANTLE. 
 
 Ladies Mantle is good againft 
 Inflammations, and to ftop Hae- 
 morrhages and Fluxes of all forts ;, 
 it is one of the beft Wound-herbs 
 applied either outwardly or in. 
 wardiy. 
 
 LADIES SMOCK. 
 
 Ladies Srnoci^ or Cuckow-Flow 
 ers, all the Sorts of them differ 
 very little from Water-Crefles ; 
 they provoke Uriue, and are good 
 to warm a cold Stomach. 
 
 LAMBS- SKIN. 
 
 Lamhs'Skin is very good to be 
 applied over Dreflings that are 
 defigned to ripen Tumours ; and 
 for that reafon it is often applied 
 over Cataplafms, which are laid to 
 the Throat and Jaws for the Vives 
 and Strangles, 
 
 It IS alfo good for Pains and 
 ftifnefs of the Joints, which pro- 
 ceed from cold Caufes, by reafon 
 of its Warmth, (wherein its Vertue 
 chiefly confifts) which muft of ne- 
 ceffity contribute to the diflolving 
 of Obftruftions, in that it promotes 
 a Tranfpiration and breathing ia 
 the Parts. 
 
 Before thefe Skins are ufed for 
 thefe Purpofes, the flefhy fide muft 
 be well beat or rubb'd to make 
 them limber, and the woolly 
 Side \s to be applied to the Part 
 afiPeaed. 
 
 LAM E, 
 
 Lame of the Bride^ is a Term 
 
 ufed by way of Raillery, to fignify 
 
 the fame as lame of one Ear y which 
 
 V 4 is 
 
L A 
 
 ( 296 ) 
 
 L A 
 
 is when a Horfe halts upon a Walk 
 or Trot, and keeps time to his 
 halting with the Motions of his 
 Head ; for all Horfes that are lame, 
 do not keep time after that rate. 
 LAMENESS. 
 
 The way to knovv if a Horfe do 
 not halt, will be beft upon the Step 
 or Trot, for it is to be but very 
 little perceiv'd upon a Gallop, ef- 
 pecialiy if the Lamenefs lies in the 
 Fore-quarters. 
 
 Therefore the beft way is, to have 
 them trotted along the Street in the 
 Hand, for fo Lamenefs cannot well 
 be concealed and difgu'fed 
 
 Then when the Horfe is trotted 
 in the Hand, you muft obferve, the 
 lifting up, keeping up, and fet ting 
 down of his Fore-Legs •, if he keeps 
 his Reins ftreight and equal, with- 
 out rocking or fwingin : his Head 
 high, well plac'd and firm ; for if 
 he halt, he will mark every time in 
 his Trot, with a Motion of his 
 Head. 
 
 When a Horfe rocks. It is when 
 one of his Haunch-Bones goes up, 
 and the other down, always one 
 after the other every Step he mark- 
 eth with his Tror. See Halting, 
 LAMPAS. 
 
 The La:^pas is a Swelling, or a 
 Lump or Excrefcency of llefb, a- 
 bout the bignefs of a Nur, (in the 
 Roof of the Mourh, which rifes 
 above the Tee;h fbmetimes more, 
 and fometimes iefs. It proceeds 
 from the abundance of Blood, re- 
 forting to the firft Furrow of the 
 Mouth ,idjoining to the Fore-Teeth. 
 This will hinder a Hoi-fe from feed- 
 ing, by reafon of its Sorenefs, and 
 caufe ihe Horfe to let his Meat fall 
 half chewed out of his Mouth. 
 Young Horfes are moft fubjed to 
 this Malady, but moft Horfes have 
 ij either firft or lad. 
 
 The Care. < Jloaft an Onion, 
 
 « and while it is very hot, put it 
 
 * upon a Clout or Hurds and rub 
 
 * the Lampas well with it, 2 or 3 
 ' times a day till it is well ; but the 
 
 * beft Method of Cure is burning 
 ' it. 
 
 « Heat an Iron made for that 
 
 * Purpofe hot, burn it, but care 
 ' muft be taken not to penetrate 
 
 * too deep, fo as to fcale the thin 
 ' Bone, which lies under the upper g 
 ' Part, which would be attended 
 
 * with troublefome and dangerous 
 
 * Confequences.' 
 
 LAPIS I NFERNALI S, 
 OR, THE IN FERNAL 
 STONE. 
 ' Take 2 Ounces of the ColcO' 
 
 ' thar of Vitriol^ (which is Vitriol 
 
 * calcin'd to a Rednefs) Tartar 
 ' calcined, and Q^ick-Lime, of each 
 ' 3 Ounces, of Sal Armoniacl^, 
 ' one Ounce ; boil them \n a Quan- 
 ' tity of Water fufficient to make 
 ' a ftrong Lixivium, ftrafn it and 
 
 * evaporate it to a Drynefs.* 
 
 Let this be kept very dry. It is 
 a very ftrong Cauftick, and will 
 very foon defiroy the Part to which 
 it \s applied. 
 
 Solleyfell prefcribes another Me- 
 thod in irakingthe Lapis Infernalis^ 
 or perpetual Cauftick, as follows : 
 
 * To pur an Ounce of ftrong Jqua 
 
 * Fortis to half an Ounce oi Silver' 
 ' Lace^ and to evaporate them in 
 ' a Mitrafs, over hot Alhes to a 
 ' Drynefs. 
 
 THE LAPIS MEDIC A- 
 
 M E N T O S U S, O R, M E- 
 
 DICINALSTONE. 
 
 * Take common Green Vitriol, 
 
 < and IVhite Vitriol, of each 4 
 
 « Ounces ; of Alum 6 Ounces, 
 
 ^ Sandiver and common Salt^ of 
 
 * each 3 quarters of an Ounce, of 
 
 * Salt ot Tartar one Ounce j pound 
 
 * them grofly, and mix them with 
 
 * 2 Ounces of Vinegar : Put all 
 
 together 
 
L A 
 
 ( 2P7 ) 
 
 L A 
 
 ' together into an earthen Pan that 
 ' will contain 3 or 4 times as 
 ' much J melt them over the Fire, 
 ' ftirring them often, and when 
 ' they begin to thicken, put in 2 
 
 * Ounces of Venice-Cerufe, and an 
 ' Ounce of Bole-Armenian finely 
 
 * powdered ; mix them with all 
 
 * imaginable Care, keeping them 
 
 * conftantly ftirring till they grow 
 
 * hard, then fet it by to cool j break 
 
 * the Pot, and put the Stone up for 
 < ufe.' 
 
 This Stone is proper to be ap- 
 plied dry to Ulcers ; and being dif- 
 folved in Plant atn-Water^ \s good 
 to wafh them ; and being a great 
 Healer and Drier, it both heals and 
 cicatrizes moift humid Ulcers : It is 
 alfo good for drying up Rheums 
 and Defluftions on the Eye?. 
 LAPIS MI RABI LIS, OR, 
 
 THE WONDERFUL 
 
 STONE. 
 
 * Take white Vitriol one Pound, 
 
 * Rpchc Alum 3 Pound and a hal^ 
 
 * fine Bole Armoniack a quarter of 
 ' a Pound, Litharge of Gold or 
 
 * Silver one Ounce ; make ail into 
 
 * a fine Powder, then put them in- 
 ' to a n^w well-glazed Pot, with 9 
 ' Pints of W-uer ; let them boil 
 
 * gendv over a fmall Fire, (that is, 
 
 * clear from Smoak) fet equally 
 
 * round the Pot, till the Water is 
 
 * quite evjporated, and the Matter 
 
 * that is 3t the bottom, is perfectly 
 ' dry \ then take off the Por, let it 
 ' cool, the Matter ought to be hard, 
 
 * and the longer it is kept, the 
 
 * harder it will grow.' 
 
 This is ufed for all the fame In- 
 tentions as the Lafis MadtcamentO' 
 fus. 
 
 Solieyfell direft?, ' To put a quar- 
 
 * ter of an Ounce of this to 2 Oun- 
 
 * ces of Water, which in half an 
 
 * Hours-time being dillolved, upon 
 I fhaking the Bottle, will make the 
 
 « Water as white as Milk, and will 
 
 * take off Spots and Films from the 
 
 • Eyes, if the Cornea be not hurt, 
 ' being now and then dropt into 
 ' the Eye with a Feather.* 
 
 LARD. 
 
 Lard has the fame Vertues that 
 Boars-Greafe has, and is chiefly 
 ufed in all Ointments and Plafters, 
 inftead of Oil. 
 
 LARGE. 
 
 To go large. A Horfe is faid to go 
 large or wide^ when he gains or 
 takes in more Ground in going 
 wider of the Center of the Volt, 
 and defcribing a greater Circum- 
 ference. 
 
 LARYNX, 
 
 The Lar<^nx is united to the 
 Wind- Pipe, and is composed of 
 5 Cartilages or Griftles ; the Sub- 
 ftance of it is foft, and in fhape of 
 an Ivy-Leaf, and ferves as a Valve 
 to prevent any thing from falling 
 into the Wind-Pipe, 
 
 The Cartilages are mov'd by fe- 
 veral Pair of Mufcles, to frame and 
 modulate the Voice in ail Creatures, 
 and are the Inftruments of neiohin^ 
 
 r too 
 
 m Horfes. 
 
 A LASK, LAX, OR LOOSE- 
 NESS, OR SCOURING. 
 
 The Kinds and Caufes. Lasks are 
 of feveral kinds. A Lail^ often- 
 times fucceeds a Coftivenefs up- 
 on the critical Difcharge of fome 
 Difeafe : In this Cafe it is not beft 
 to ftop it, becaufe it is very feldora 
 if ever, that bad Accidents do at- 
 tend fuch a Scouring, unlefs the 
 Difeafe by its long Continuance, 
 has wafted the Body. Secondly^ 
 Lasks proceed chiefty from want of 
 Digeftion : In this Cafe a Horfe 
 will fall away fuddenly, and lofe 
 hisFlefh, as alfo his Appetite. 
 
 The signs. When this happens, 
 many things which the Horfe eats, 
 will come from him whole, fo that 
 
 his 
 
LA ( 2p8 ) 
 
 bis Dung will be full of Shreds of 
 Hay, and fometimes there v/ill alfo 
 beflimy Matter. 
 
 The Cau/es. All Laiks derive 
 their Original from Cold, and ill 
 Ufage-, but efpecially, from foul 
 corrupt Feeding, and want of Ex- 
 ercife. 
 
 The Cure, All things that are 
 proper to (Irengthen the Stomach 
 are good in this Cafe, and efpe- 
 cially Diapente ; which Medicines, 
 are to be repeated daily for fome 
 time : and if the Loofcnefs does 
 not begin to abate, tho the Horfe 
 begins to recover his Appetite, he 
 may have this Clyfter, 
 
 L A 
 
 -J* 
 
 * leaves, of the Roots of Gentian 
 
 * and round Birth-wort, of each 
 
 * an Ounce ; Anriifeed<^ Bay-berrys 
 
 * and Fennel-feeds, of each 2 Drams; 
 ' Galengal half an Ounce. Bruife 
 ' the Roots and hard Ingredients, 
 
 * and either infufe all the Ingredi- 
 
 * ents in 3 Quarts of boilins; Wa- 
 •^ ter for 4 Hours, or boii it for half 
 ' an Hour ; decant the Liquor, and 
 ^ add to it 3 Ounces oi Oil of Rue, 
 
 * anJ give it the Horfe.* 
 
 You may repeat this Clyfter once 
 or twice, but if the Loofenefs does 
 ftill continue, and the Horfe grows 
 weaker, and refufes his Food, it is a 
 bad Sign. 
 
 Thirdly, Some Lasks and Scou- 
 rings happen when the Pores of the 
 Skin, the Urine, and other Evacu- 
 ations of Nature are obftrufted ; 
 in this Cafe they will be of different 
 Colours and Confirtences, according 
 as the Juices that flow into them 
 are predominant. 
 
 Sometimes they will be clear and 
 watery, or clear and glafiy, and that 
 is when moft of it is deriv*d from the 
 inteftinal Glands. 
 
 Sometimes it will be tinctured 
 yellowifh, when it proceeds moftly 
 
 from the Gall-pipe and pancreatick 
 Duft. And fometimes it will be of 
 a deep reddifh Colour, when a great 
 Qiiantity of Gall is difcharg'd with 
 the Excrements. 
 
 The Cure, Firfl: of all give the 
 Horfe the following Purge : 
 
 ' Boil 3 Ounces of furky Khu' 
 ' harlr, and 4 Ounces of Monks 
 ^ Rhubarb fliced, and 2 Handfuls 
 ' of Red Kofe leaves in 3 Pints of 
 « Water for an Hour ; and diffolve 
 ' in the Decoftion half an Ounce of 
 ' DUphoretick Antimony, or an 
 ' Ounce of Cream of Tartar, and 
 $ 2 Ounces of the bed Rhubarb 
 ' powdered, and give it the Horfe 
 « m a Pint of Red Wine. 
 
 * But if the Horfe be of fmall 
 ' value, you may make ufe of 2 
 ' Ounces of Pulvis Cornachini, and 
 ' an Ounce of Diaphoretick Anti- 
 ' mony, and after he has taken 2 
 
 * or 3 Purges, it will be proper to 
 ^ ufe fuch Medicines as promote 
 ' Sweat and other Secretions, to 
 
 * caufe a Revulfion, and diminlfh 
 ' the Difcharge of the Dung, as fol- 
 
 * lows : 
 
 ' Mix 2 Ounces of Venice-Trea- 
 
 * els or Mithndate, with a Pint of 
 « Treacle-Water, ftir it well about, 
 ' and give it the Horfe with a Horn. 
 
 * Or, 
 
 * Boil 2 Ounces of Scorzoneray 
 ' and Virginian Snake-weed, Red 
 
 * Rofe leave'.. Water-germander, and 
 
 * Rue, of each half a Handful, for 
 ' half an Hour in a Quart of Wa- 
 « ter, and having ftram'd the De- 
 
 * coftion, add to it 2 Ounces or 2 
 ' Ounces and a half of Viafcor- 
 « dtum," 
 
 If the Horfe has alfo a Fever 
 which encreafes with the Lask^ 
 then you may give him the follow- 
 ing Clyfter ; 
 
 *" Boil half a Pound of Guaia^ 
 
 ^ cum^ a qua'ter of a Pound ofSaf- 
 
 fafravk^ 
 
L A 
 
 C 299 ) 
 
 L A 
 
 * fafrax in a Gallon of Smiths forge- 
 ^ water, till it comes to 2 Quarts ; 
 
 * then add to the Decoiftion the 
 
 * Leaves o^ Bramble, the Leaves of 
 
 * Brier 2nd Red- Rofe-leavesy ofeach 
 
 * a Handful ; let them boil for a 
 
 * Quarter of an Hour longer, ftrain 
 
 * the Decodion, and add to it 4 
 ' Ounces of Diafcordimn without 
 
 * Homy, and half a Dram of 
 
 Thefe Clyflers mufi: be retainM 
 as long as poiUble ; and when one 
 is difcharg'd, it muft be follow'd 
 with another till the Loofenefs is 
 quite ftopp'd. 
 
 The fjurth Kind, This proceeds 
 from vifcous flimy Matter, which 
 hinders the Chyle from entring into 
 the milky Veflels, and the Excre- 
 ments confifting chiefly of the Chyle, 
 are of a pale light Colour. 
 
 The Cure. ' DifToive 6 Ounces 
 
 * of Epfom-SaltSt and 2 Ounces of 
 ^ Cream of Tartar in 4 Qiiarts of 
 ' Water, and give it the Horfe at 
 ' feveral times in a Horn. 
 
 ' Alfo difTolve Sal Prunella and 
 ' Salt of Tartar, in his Water that 
 ' he drinks in common. Thefa 
 
 * will wafh oif the vifcid Matter that 
 ' adheres fo clofely to the Guts, and 
 ^ obftrufts the Chyle from eniring 
 ^ into its proper Vefiels. 
 
 ' Feed the Horfe with the beft 
 
 * and cleaneftHay, and Bran moif- 
 
 * tened with Clajret, and parch'd 
 ' Barley.' 
 
 Other particular Receipts. 
 
 * Mix Bean-Flower and BoU-Ar' 
 ■ moniack, of each 3 Ounces with 
 ' Claret or fiale Beer, and give it 
 ' the Horfe Blood-warm. Or, 
 
 * Boil fome Cafia, and Pcme^ 
 
 * granate Rinds finely powdered, 
 
 * in a Pint of Plantain-water^ 
 
 * and half a Pint of Claret, and 
 make a Caudle of it with the 
 
 * Yolks of two Eggs and fome Su- 
 
 * gar, and give it the Horfs luke- 
 
 « warm. This will cure in 2 or 3 
 
 * times. Or, 
 
 • Boil 1 Spoonfuls of Cummin' 
 ^ feeds powdered in 3 Pints of fiale 
 
 * Beer, till one half is wafted ; then 
 ' having ftamped Knot-Grafsy 
 
 * Plantain and Shepherds-Pouchy 
 ^ apart, put into the Beer 4 or 5 
 ' Spoonfuls of each of them ; boil 
 ' them a little, and give the Horfe 
 ' one half at Night, and the other 
 ' the next Morning. If the Herbs 
 ' cannot be had, then inftead of 
 
 * the Juice ufe the diftilled Water. 
 ' Or, 
 
 * Set a Qnart of Red Wine on 
 ' the Fire, and put into it an Ounce 
 « and a half of Powder of Bole- 
 
 * Armoniack, and 2 Ounces and a 
 ' half of the Conferve of Sices, 
 ' mix them well together, take 
 ' them off the Fire, and put in a 
 ' Spoonful or two of Cinnamon^ 
 ' powder ; brew them well toge- 
 ' ther, and give them the Horfe. 
 ' Keep him fafting for 2 Hours af- 
 ' ter, and let him not eat any 
 
 * waQi'd Meat. You may give him 
 
 * Hay, Bread, and Oats, but not 
 ' unlefs you mix them v/ith Beans 
 ' or Wheat.' 
 
 Another, 
 ^ Dry and powder 2 ox wild 
 ' Briars that are not too large, and 
 ' boil them in a Quart of Beer, with 
 ' a little of the Powder of Bole Ar-^ 
 ' moniack, and give it the Horfe 
 
 * Blood-warm, and it will cure him.' 
 
 Another, 
 ' Powder of Bole Armoniacli^ the 
 *^ Quantity of a Walnut very fine, 
 ' and give it the Horfe m a Pint 
 ' oi Claret: 
 
 Another. 
 ' Put the Yolks of 4 new-iaid- 
 ' Eggs into a Quart of Claret^ half 
 ' an Ounce long Pepper, and half an 
 ' Ounce of the Grains of Farad ife ; 
 ' boil them and give them the Horfa 
 ' lukswarin.' Or, 
 
 ' « Boil 
 
LA ( 300 ) LA 
 
 Boil an Ounce of the inward fing and mundifying, are very good 
 
 Bark of an Oa.k, in a Quart of 
 new Milk, with half an Ounce of 
 long Pepper powdered, and give 
 the Horfe one half over Night, 
 and the other half the next Mor- 
 
 ning fafting 
 
 Another, 
 ^ M"x an Ounce of Spikenard 
 with the Entrails of a Pullet or 
 
 large 
 
 Chicken, all but the Giz- 
 
 * zard, and put it down the Throat 
 ' of the Horfe, and it will infallibly 
 
 * ftop the Scouring.' 
 
 Another, 
 * Put an Ounce of Bd& Arfnoni- 
 
 * ack^ and a Penny-worth o^ Alum 
 ' m powJer into a Quart of Milk, 
 
 * anJ ftir it continually till the 
 
 * Milk becomes all of a Curd, and 
 ' give it the Horfe lukewarm, and 
 ' it will ft^y the Lask tho it be ne- 
 
 * ver fo violent,* 
 
 LAUDANUM. 
 
 Lcttidanur/i is only a Tin£lure 
 drasvn from Opium^ with Spirit of 
 Wine or Canary ^ by being fet in 
 digeftion \n hot Sand. 
 
 It is never made with Opium a- 
 lone, but always with fomething 
 to corre(fi: the Opium and fuit it 
 to fome particular Intention. 
 
 It is fometimes made with Sd 
 'volatile Oleofu?n^ to prevent the ill 
 Confequencc of its narcotick Qua- 
 lity. Sometimes it is made with 
 the Juice of Quinces, to prevent a 
 too great Relaxation of the Sto- 
 mach and Bowels, which too fre- 
 quent ufe of Opiates often caufes. 
 Sometimes it is made with Cam- 
 phirc to promote Sweat, where \t is 
 necelTary to give a Turn to the Dif- 
 temper by promoting fome other 
 Secretion. And fometimes it is 
 made with Tin£^ure of Tartar, and 
 fometimes Sal 'volatile Oleofum, 
 LAUREL. 
 
 Laard or Bay-herrys^ are clean- 
 
 in all Cafes that proceed f-om Wind j 
 by their diffufive Warmth, they 
 ftrengtben the Stomach and Guts 5 
 they are helpful to provoke Urine, 
 and are alfo ufed in divers outward 
 Applications. 
 
 LAVENDER. 
 
 Lavender is very good in all Dif- 
 orders of the Head and Brain pro- 
 ceeding from a cold Caufe, agreea- 
 ble to the Stomach and comfortable 
 to the Nerves, and is ufed in all 
 paralytick Diforders, both internally 
 and externally. 
 
 The Decoftion of this Plant is 
 good to bathe the Legs of a Horfe, 
 when they are tired and ftiff with 
 travelling ; but boiling, it ought to 
 be covered very clofe, or elfe the 
 volatile Parts will quickly evaporate 
 and fly away. 
 
 It may alfo be given in Powder, 
 or Infufion, or the Spirit of it may 
 be given to the Quantity of a quarter 
 of a Pint at a time diluted in fome 
 proper Vehicle. 
 
 It flowers in ^ane^' and July, 
 The Flowers diftill'd, are good to 
 provoke Urine, and for the Cho- 
 lick. 
 LAVENDER COTT ON. 
 
 Lavender-Cotten refifts Poifon, 
 is good for the Bitings of venemous 
 Beafts. The Powder is good for 
 the mattering of the Yard. 
 FRENCH LAVENDER. 
 
 French Lavender is an Aftrin- 
 gent, it removes Obftrudions, 
 cleanfes and ftrengthens the En- 
 trails. 
 
 SEA LAVENDER. 
 
 Sea Lavender is very aftringent ; 
 the Seed powdered and taken in 
 Wine, is good for the Cholick, 
 Stranguary and Hemorrhages. 
 LAX ATI VE. 
 
 Laxatives or laxative Medicines, 
 
 are fuch as loofen the Body, and 
 
 occadon 
 
L E 
 
 C 30 
 
 bccafion a frequent avc/ding of the 
 Ordure. They, by rfonit fmooth 
 foftning QinlitYjiatct: awa' all Ten- 
 fity of the Fibres, am' facilitate the 
 PafTige of the Contents ol the In- 
 teftinal Tube ihxi' h -, for which 
 reafon al! oilv SubHrances come un- 
 der this Clal's, 
 
 TO LEAD. 
 
 A Horfe wheii he goes upon a 
 ftrait Line, always leads or cuts the 
 way with his riJ-ht Poor. 
 
 LEAF-EARED. 
 
 The Ci4fe, Some prefcribe the 
 Method following ; To place the 
 Horfe's Ears as you woa'd h;we them 
 ftand, then to bind the Ears fjft in 
 thofe Places, io thai they cannot be 
 moved, with pieces of Wood, 3 
 fingers broad, with long Strings 
 tied to them ^ then there will ap- 
 pear a great deal of empty wrinkled 
 Skin, betwixt the Head and the Root 
 of the Ear?, which bein^ pull'd up 
 with the Finger and Thumb, you 
 muft clip away with a fiiarp Pair of 
 Sciflars, clofe to rh- Head, and ftitch 
 the 2 fides of the Skin together, with 
 a Needle and red Silk, and af er- 
 wards heal up the Sore, with a Salve 
 made of Turpen'ipe,Deers Suet, and 
 Honey, of each a Ike Qiiantity ; 
 and afterwards take away the Splinrs 
 that held up the Ears, <ind in a fhort 
 time the Ears will keep the fame 
 place wherein they were fet. Al^tk. 
 TO MAKE A LEAN HORSE 
 FAT. 
 
 * Take Annifecdi^ Curnmin, Ele- 
 ' campan?y and Turmsruky of each 
 
 * a quarter of a pound, boil them 
 ' with a handful of G^oundfely and 
 
 * 6 heads of Garltck bruifed, in 2 
 ' Gallons of >l/g ; ilrain the Decoc- 
 
 * tion, and give the Horfe a quart 
 ' of it in a Mornin^^;, blood-warm ; 
 ' let him be rid after taking it, bur 
 ' not fo as to heat him.' Do this 
 for 4 Mornings together, at leaft. 
 
 I ) L E 
 
 and turn him to Grafs prefently. If 
 in the Summer, and he will quickly 
 fatten : But if the Seafon does not 
 permit, fo that you muft keep him 
 in the Stable, give him the follow- 
 ing Powder ; 
 
 ' Take equal Q^iantities of Cunj' 
 
 * min and Eleca7npane, dried, pow- 
 « dered, and finely fearfed, and give 
 ' him half an ounce of this Pov.-der 
 ^ for a Fortnight, mix'd with his 
 
 * Provender, and you will find him 
 ' mend very much in his Flefb j but 
 ' he muft alfo have feafonable Air- 
 
 * ings, moderate Exercife, Maflies, 
 ' and White Water,' 
 
 TO M^KE A LEAN HORSE 
 FAT IN A FORTNIGHT. 
 If the Horfe wants bleeding, bleed 
 him. For his Morning^s Meal, in- 
 ffead of Oats, give him Wheat- 
 Bran, prepared as follows : ^ Boil 
 
 < Bran in a large Kettle of Water, 
 
 * fet it by till next Morning, then 
 « heat ic again, and give him the 
 
 < Bran as hot as hs can eat it, and 
 « let his Drink be the fame Water ; 
 ' and at n^ght give him Oats and 
 
 * White Water. Litter him well, 
 ' cover him warm, but the Stable 
 ' ought not to be kept too hot in 
 ' Summer-Time.' With the Oats 
 that you sive him a nights, for 8 
 Days, ojve him as much of the fol- 
 lowing 'Powder as an Egg-fheli will 
 hold. 
 
 < Take Cloves^ Cmnmiriy Fer.m- 
 
 * greek^ Ginger^ L'mfeed^ Nutmegs, 
 ^ and Sileru Montani, of each 4. 
 
 * ounces ; of quick Brirr>fio72ey 3 
 ' quarters of a pound \ reduce all 
 
 * to a Powder : Water him at night 
 
 * with White Water, (/. ^. 2 or 3 
 
 * handfuls of Bran ftrewed among 
 
 * his Water) give him every Night 
 ' as much as an Egg-fhell will hold 
 ' among his Oats : But firft rub 
 ' him, litter him, clothe him well, 
 ' and give him Wlieat- Straw in the 
 ■ « Rack 
 
L E (30 
 
 < Rack to feed upon for an Hour, 
 
 * and afterwards give him the Pow- 
 
 < der in his Oats, and 2 handfuls of 
 
 * Nettle-feeds, which is the princi- 
 
 * pal Ingredient to make him battle; 
 
 * when he hath eaten them give him 
 
 * Hay at pleafure. Air him in the 
 
 * Morning an hour after Sun-rifing, 
 ' and in the Evening an hour before 
 
 * Sun-fetting, if the Weather be 
 
 * warm, and the Sun fhines.* 
 
 LEAP. 
 
 Each Leap of a Leaping Horfe 
 ought to gain or make not above a 
 Poot and half of Ground forward. 
 LEAPING HORSE. 
 
 A Leaping Horfe, is one that works 
 In the high Manage j who makes his 
 Leaps in order, and with obedience, 
 between two Pillars, upon a ftrait 
 Line, in Vohs, Capricoles, Balo- 
 tadesy or Croupades. A Gallop, a 
 Terra a Terra, and Corvets, arc 
 not reckoned in the Number of 
 Leaps, becaufe the Horfe does not 
 rife fo very high in thefe. 
 LEEKS. ■ 
 
 Leeks are attenuating, and loofe- 
 ning of all ill Humours in the Bo- 
 dy. 
 
 LEES. 
 
 Lees of Wine are only ufed in out- 
 \^'ard Applications, and are ufeful in 
 the Greaie, and other Swellings of 
 the Legs, which proceed from a too 
 great Relaxation of the Parts ; and 
 for thefe Reafons : Firft, becaufe 
 they abound with Spirits 5 and fe- 
 condly, becaufe they have fome Share 
 of Sharpnefs from the Tartar, by 
 which they force the relaxed Fibres 
 to contrad themfelves. 
 LEGS. 
 
 Of the four Legs of a Horfe the 
 two before have feveral Parts, each 
 of which has a peculiar Name : So 
 that by the Name of Fore Leg, is 
 commonly underftood that part of 
 the Fore-quarters which extends from 
 the Hough to the Paftern, and is 
 
 2 ) L E 
 
 called the ShanJ^ : the part In tht 
 hinder Quarters that anfwers to that 
 is called the Injlep : But in common 
 Talk the fore and the hind Quarters 
 are confounded ; and without any 
 Diftindion it is ufual to fay, the four 
 Legs of a Horfe. 
 
 The Horfe's Leg flacks 5 /. e, he 
 flumbles. 
 
 The Legs of a Horfeman. If a 
 Horfeman gives the Adion of his 
 Legs feafonably, and with Judgment, 
 it is an uiid to a Horfe. It confifts in 
 approaching more or lefs with the 
 Calf of the Leg to the Flank of the 
 Horfe, and in bearing it more or 
 lefs off, as occafion requires. 
 
 A Horfeman ought to give this 
 Aid with a great deal of nicety, in 
 order to animate the Horfe ; and the 
 more hidden and unperceiv'd it iSy 
 the finer it is : For in ftretching the 
 Ham he makes the Horfe dread the 
 Spur i and the Fear of the Spur, has 
 as much effed as the Spur it felf". 
 FOR THE SWIFT CUT, OR 
 
 ANY HEWING ON THE 
 
 LEGS. 
 
 Put 2 or 3 Spoonfuls of Honey 
 into a Pint of White Wine^ ftir them 
 well, and boil them till they are in- 
 corporated, and come to the Con- 
 fiftence of an Ointment. Take it 
 off, and put in as much Turpentine 
 as Honey, and (lir all well together : 
 Strain it, and with this Salve fome- 
 thing hot bathe the Sores tw'ice a 
 Day. 
 
 FOR A SWELLING IN THE 
 LEGS. 
 
 If a Surfeit fall down into a Hor- 
 fe 's Legs, and threatens as if it 
 would proceed to a Farcin, and 
 grows hard, or 2 or 3 Buds appear, 
 you may prevent it by the Drinks 
 for the Pocky Farcin, 2 or 3 times, 
 at 3 Days diflance between every 
 Dofe, and charging the fvvell'd Legs 
 with Soap and Brandy, if it be not 
 broken before ; then ride the Horfe 
 
 into 
 
L E (30 
 
 into a River, twice 3 Day, and keep 
 him in it for half a quarter of an hour 
 at a time. 
 
 LEMON. 
 
 The Juice of Lemons has an a- 
 greeable Roughnefs, by which 
 means it is ufeful in all Difordersof 
 the Stomach, which proceed from 
 the Fibres of it being over much re- 
 laxed. It may be conveniently e- 
 nough made up into Armans which 
 are contrived to promote a good 
 Appetite. 
 
 LENGTH. 
 
 To paffage a Horfe upon his own 
 Lengthy is to make him go round 
 at 2 Treads, at a Walk or Tror, 
 upon a Spot of Ground To narrow 
 that the Haunches of the Horfe be- 
 ing in the Center of the Voir, the 
 Horfe ftill working between the 2 
 Heels, without putting out his 
 Croupe, or going at laft fafter or 
 flower than he d\d at firfl-. 
 LEPROSY. 
 
 The Leprofy is a cankered Man- 
 ginefs, which is very infeftious and 
 fpreads over all the Body ; h pro- 
 ceeds from abundance of Melan- 
 choly, corrupt and filthy Bloody 
 infefted by Surfeits, taken by over- 
 hard-Riding or Labour. 
 
 The Signs. The Horfe will be 
 all mangy, and fcurfy, full of Scabs 
 
 and raw Places about the 
 
 Neck, 
 and 
 
 and will be always rubbing 
 fcrubbing. 
 
 The Cure. ' Firft let the Horfe 
 ' blood ; then having put a quar- 
 *• ter of a Pound of the beft Tohr.c- 
 ' CO into a Quart of old Urine ; fee 
 ' it on a Fire of Embers^ and let it 
 
 * fimmer, but not boil for a whole 
 ' Night ; (tra:n it and wafh the 
 
 * infefted Place with it, whether it 
 
 * be in the Mane or any obfcure 
 
 * Place, and it will cure.* See 
 Mange, ^c, 
 
 LESSONS. 
 Lepns are thofe Actions and 
 
 3 ^ LE 
 
 Motions that are to be taught a 
 Horfe, as -Walk, Trot, c'allop 
 Stopping, Advancing, Retiring, ere 
 LETHARGY, ORSLEEP- 
 ING-EVIL. 
 
 This Difeafe makes a Horfe fleep 
 continually, and deprives him of 
 Memory, Appetite, and all Alacrity of 
 Spirit. White and dun Horfes are 
 moft fubjed to this Diftemper. 
 
 The Cauje. It proceeds from 
 Cold, and grofs Phlegm, by which 
 the Brain is too much moiftened, 
 and thereby Heavinefs and S'eepi- 
 nefs is caufed. 
 
 Tho the Horfe is not abfolute'y 
 deprived of Senfe and Motion, yec 
 by a Preffure of the fmall Artetys 
 upon the Nerves, and the too great 
 thicknefs of the nervous Juice ; the 
 Senfes both external and internal, 
 become dull, and caufe a perpetual 
 Inclination to fieep, which, as it 
 impairs the animal Faculty, at length 
 weakens and decays the Bod}'. 
 
 The Cure, ' Keep the Horfe 
 ' conn'nually awake by Noifes and 
 ' Frights J and then bleed him in 
 « the Neck and Palate of the Mou:h, 
 « and let his Drink be Water, in 
 ' which Camomile, Wheat-bran^ 
 
 * Mother-wort, Salt and Vinegar, 
 ' have been boiled ; make it luke- 
 ' warm, and it will not be impro- 
 
 * per to put Parjliy-feed and Fennel' 
 ' feed inro it, for they will provoke 
 ' Urine. 
 
 ' Alfo perfume his Head ani 
 
 * make him fneeze, and anoint the 
 ' Palate of his Mouth with Honey 
 ' andMuftard. 
 
 ' Bathe his Legs and flop his 
 ' Hoofs with Bran, Salt and Vine- 
 ' gar, boil'd together. Apply it as 
 ' hot as it can be born, and let 
 ' the Stab be lightfome and full of 
 « Noife. 
 
 ' If the Horfe be in good cafe, 
 
 * Take a moderate C^uantity of 
 ^ Blood from him j but if he is 
 
 very 
 
L I 
 
 ^ very poor, and the Diftemper 
 ' takes its R'fe from Exinanition, 
 
 * then if you bleed or purge the 
 ' Horfe at all, you muft do it (pa- 
 
 * ringly. 
 
 * And as far the Horfe's Strength 
 « is able to bear the Adion, give 
 
 * him daily chewing Balls of the 
 
 * moft ftinking Things. Thefe 
 
 * will roufe his Spirits and put bis 
 
 * Blood into a brisker Motion. To 
 
 * that purpofe you may hold to his 
 
 * Nofe Volatile Salts, or Spirits, as 
 
 * Sd Armoniack^ and Harts-horn, 
 ' You may alfo give him daily for 
 
 * a confiderable time, Clnnabar- 
 
 * P'tllsy fuch as are direfted in an 
 
 * Appoplexy and Vertigo, Put Kow- 
 
 * els or Iflues into his Belly, but ef- 
 
 * pecially a Hair-Rowel thro' his 
 ' Skin, behind the Pole of his Head. 
 
 * This will be fufficient of itfelf; if 
 ' the Horfe be weak, keep the 
 
 * Horfe well, giving him Food of- 
 ' ten, tho but a little at a time* 
 
 Another Remedy, 
 ' After the Horfe has been blood- 
 ' ed, take green Boughs of an 4/7;- 
 ' Tree, and fet them on fiie in 
 
 * fome clean Place ; quench the 
 ' Coals with Ale, drain ir, and give 
 ' the Horfe a Hornful of it at each 
 
 * Noftril, having the Cold firft ta- 
 « ken off.' 
 
 It will alfo be proper to open his 
 Porehead, and to put therein a Slice 
 or two of an old Onion, and to let 
 them be there till they rot. E, R, 
 LIBERTY. 
 
 Liberty of the Tongue, is a void 
 Space left in the middle of a Bit, 
 to give place to the Horfe's Tongue, 
 which is made by the Bit's arching 
 in the middle, and rifing towards 
 the Roof of the Mouth. 
 
 The different form of the Liberty, 
 gives name to the Bit, and thence 
 they are call'd ; a fcatch Mouth a 
 Pignatelk, i. e, with the liberty 
 
 ( 304 ; LI 
 
 after Pignatelh's Fafhion. A Canon 
 Mouth With the Liberty, like a Pi-, 
 georii-mcK 
 
 LICE. 
 
 The Vermin or Lice that breed 
 upon a Horfe, are like Geefe-Lice, 
 but fomething larger ; they breed 
 moft commonly about the Ears, 
 Neck, Main and Tail, and alfo all 
 over the Body. 
 
 The Signs, The Horfe will be 
 always rubbing and fcratching, and 
 tho he eats a great deal of Meat, yet 
 he will not thrive j and he will 
 fret and wear away all his Mane 
 and Tail by continual rubbing. 
 And when the Sun fhines, you 
 may perceive the Lice running on 
 the Tops of the Hairs. 
 
 The Caufe, They proceed from 
 Poverty or feeding in Woods, 
 where Trees are continually drop- 
 ping upon them. 
 
 The Cure, * Put half an Ounce 
 ' of Qutic^^-filver to a Pound of 
 ' Soap^ mix and beat them well to- 
 ' gether, till the Quick-filver is kill- 
 ' ed, and anoint the Horfe with it, 
 ' and it will quickly kill the Lice. 
 'Or, 
 
 *■ Take Staves-Acre and Soap^ 
 ' and mix them well together, and 
 
 * anoint the Horfe with it. Or 
 ' boil unripe Mulberries and their 
 ' Roots and Stalks in ftrong Urine, 
 ' and wafh the Horfe with it, and 
 
 * afterwards anoint his Body with 
 ' Sanguis Draconis, the Juice of 
 « Leeks^ Oil, Pitch, Salt and 
 ' Swine S'greafe, mix'd well toge- 
 ' ther ; or chafe the Body over 
 
 * with Quickrfilver and foft Greafe, 
 ' mix'd well till the <^uick-filver is 
 ' killed, and it will deftroy the Lice 
 
 * in 2 or 3 Dreflings. 
 * Or you may wa fhthe Horfe 
 
 «■ with a Decoftion made either 
 ' of the Herb or of the Seed of 
 ' Henbane* 
 
 Or 
 
L I 
 
 ( 305 ) 
 
 L I 
 
 Or, * Wafh him in Staves-acre 
 
 * and green Copperas^ boiled in run- 
 
 * nfng Water, or with Coiv-pifs^ for 
 
 * J or 4 Days together, or with 
 
 * Tobacco cut fmall and boil'd in 
 
 * fmall-Beer^ with fome powdered 
 
 * Alum, 
 
 Or, « Anoint the Bread and 
 
 * Flanks of the Horfe with Whale- 
 ^ oil or Train-oil, and dip a broad 
 ' woollen Lift into it, and hang it 
 
 * about his Neck. This they will 
 
 * all come to, and it will deftroy 
 « them.' 
 
 LIGATURE. 
 
 A Ligature is any thing that h 
 tied about. 
 
 LIGHT- BELLIED. 
 
 A light 'bellied Horfe^ h a Horfe 
 that commonly has flat, narrow and 
 contrafted Sides, which makes his 
 Flank turn up like the Flank of a 
 Grey-hound. See Lean, 
 LIGHT. 
 
 A Coach-Horfe is call'd light 
 when he ftirs nimbly, and dreads 
 the Whip, or has a light Trot. 
 
 Light upon the hand, A Horfe 
 is faid to be thus, who has a good 
 tradable Mouth, and does not reft 
 too heavy upon the Bit. 
 
 Thofe Horfes who have a thin 
 Fore-head, (/'. e. but fmall Shoul- 
 ders) are moft commonly light upon 
 the hand. 
 
 LIGHTEN. 
 
 To lighten a Horfe, (i, e, to make 
 a Horfe light) in the Fore-hand, is 
 to make him freer and lighter in 
 the Fore-hand, than behind. 
 LILIES. 
 
 IVhite'Liltes are good to cool 
 Inflammations, both inward and 
 outward, and are very much us'd in 
 emollient Poultices ; they are good 
 to expel Poifon, and in peftilential 
 Fevers, An Ointment made of 
 the Hoots with Hogs-greafe, cleanfes 
 Ulcers mightily j the Oil is good to 
 
 bring any hard Swelling to ripenefs 
 in order to breaV. 
 
 LILY OFT HEVALLEY. 
 Lily of the Valley, or May Lily, 
 The diftill'd Water is good for 
 Inflammations in the Eves. 
 WATER-LILIES. 
 The Seed of [Vater- Lilies, is of 
 a drying Qiiality ; the Leaves and 
 Flowers are cooling, and good for 
 all Inflammations inward and out- 
 ward : The Seed is good to ftay 
 Haemorrhages or Fluxes of Hu- 
 mours; and alfo for the mattering 
 of the Yard. 
 
 LIME-STONE. 
 Lime-Stone is drying and corro- 
 ding J having been thorowly burnr, 
 and reduc'd to a Calx in a Kiln, it 
 imbibes the Particles of Fire fo 
 plentifully, that it becomes as effi- 
 cacious as the Fire itfelf, and i? fre- 
 quently ufed as a Cauftick, to burn 
 and take away all forts of preterna- 
 tural Excrefcences. 
 
 The Water in which Lime has 
 been flak'd, is very efficacious in 
 drying up all fuperfluous Moifture, 
 that is very commonly found in 
 Ulcers that are corrofive and ma- 
 lignant, and in tetrous Eruptions 
 on the Skin. Alfo being taken rn- 
 wardly, is a great Drier and Abfor- 
 benr. 
 
 LINIMENT. 
 Liniment is a Form of an exter- 
 nal Medicine, made of an unclious 
 Subftance, to rub over any Part 
 with. 
 
 LINSEED. 
 Linfeeds are of a foft and emol- 
 lient Nature, and abound with a 
 fine Mucilage, which blunts and 
 fheathes the Afperity of the Juices : 
 It is of great Efficacy to Horfes in 
 all Colds and other Difeafes that 
 affeft the Lungs, and other Parts. 
 They are alfo helpful in Cho- 
 licks, Difordets of the Kidneys, 
 X and 
 
L I 
 
 *nc! urinary Paflages 
 
 the fame Efficacy. They are alfo 
 
 very ufeful in outward Applications, 
 
 in emollient and ripening Cata- 
 
 plafms, 
 
 LIP. 
 The Li;> of a Horfe, is the Skin 
 that covers the (ides of his Mouth, 
 and furrounds his Jaws. They ufe 
 this Phrafe, The Horfe arms or 
 guards himfelfiv'uh his L':ps, when 
 his Lips are fo thick, that they cover 
 
 ( 305 ) L I 
 
 The Oil has monly call'd Litharge of Gold, It 
 is in great ufe for Plafters ; for it 
 diflblves by being boiled in Oil, 
 and gives a proper Confiftence, as 
 in the Diachylon, 
 
 LIVER. 
 The Subftance of the Liver is 
 flefhy, bearing a Refemblance to 
 congealed Blood. The Situation of 
 it, is on the upper Part of the 
 lower Belly, on the right fide, un- 
 der the fhort Ribs. The Liver of a 
 
 the Bars^ and keep off the prejjure of Horfe has 4 Lobe?, which encom 
 
 the Curb. 
 
 Thin and little Lips contribute 
 to a Horfe 's having a good Mouth ; 
 but the contrary, "if they be large 
 and thick. 
 
 LIQ^UEFACTION. 
 
 Liquefatiion is a melting or ma- 
 king into a Liquor. 
 
 LIQ^UID. 
 
 Liquid or Liquidity^ is fuch a 
 Property in Bodies as is alfo expref- 
 fed by Fluidity ; but this goes fur- 
 ther than that, and fuppofes a Pow- 
 er of wetting, which all Fluids will 
 not do. And proceeds from a pe- 
 culiar Confitiurjtion of Particles, 
 which difpoft-sthem to adhere to the 
 Surfaces of Bodies, that are dipt or 
 immers'd into them. See Humi- 
 dity. 
 
 LIQ^UORICE. 
 
 Liquorice is a warm Emollient, 
 and fomewhat deterfive ; it is excel- 
 lent and good in all Diforders of the 
 Bread and Lungs, arifmg from 
 Cold, as Coughs, fhortnefs of 
 Bre;?th ; it is therefore a necelTary 
 Ini^redient in Medicines for broken- 
 v;inded Horfes. 
 
 LISTENING. 
 
 A lijlening Pace, is a flow Pace : 
 As, A Horfe n^oes a liftening Pace, 
 LITHARGE. 
 
 Litharge Is a Subftance that arifes 
 in the Purification of Silver ^ but 
 Irom, its yellow Colour, it is com- 
 
 pafs the Stomach, and keep ic 
 warm. 
 
 There are three Ligaments which 
 tie it •, the chief of which is call'd 
 the Sufpenfory of it, and is a Pro- 
 dudion of the Peritoneum j it is 
 very ftrong and nervous, and arifes 
 from the Midriff towards its right- 
 fide, and is inferted in the thickeft 
 Part of ir, where the uppermoft 
 Cover of it expands itfelf, and forms 
 the proper Tegument of the Li- 
 ver. 
 
 It is kept fufpended in fuch a 
 manner, that it can neither fall 
 downward nor fideways by another 
 Ligament that is fix'd to the Bread- 
 bone, in conjunction with the firfV. 
 
 The third Ligament is the Umbi- 
 lical Vein, by which the Toetus is 
 nourifhed, and is very neceffary in 
 a Horfe ; becaufe it preferves the 
 Liver when the Horfe gallops or 
 leaps, from falling forwards, and 
 bearing too hard upon the Mi- 
 driff. 
 
 The Veins of the Liver, are the 
 principal Branches of the Cava^ or 
 hollow Vein, the other Branches of 
 which, receive all the Blood that is 
 brought in by the Porta, forming 
 the hollow Vein above mentioned, 
 by a Combination of all the Roots 
 of them in one great Trunk. 
 
 The Liver is a conif ant Recepta- 
 cle of all the Blood that is return'd 
 
 fronj 
 
 \ 
 
LI 
 
 (3 
 
 Tom the Sp'een, Pancreas and 
 jurs, where it is fuppofed to under- 
 ;o fuch Changes and Alrerations, by 
 he Separation of the Gall, as are 
 lecefTary before it goes into the 
 iearr, to fit ft for a fiefh Progrefs 
 ill the Parts of the Body. 
 DF THE CONSUMPTION 
 OF THE^ LIVER. 
 
 The Caufe* Some are of opinion, 
 :he ConTumption of the Liver pro- 
 reeds from fudden Cold after Heat, 
 aken either by drinking or lianding 
 till, O'hers think it comes from 
 extreme Heat got by Travelling ; 
 vhich inflaming the Blood, does 
 tfterwards putrify, corrupt and ex- 
 ilcerate the whole Subftance of the 
 Liver. Others are of opinion, it 
 proceeds from corrupt Meats and 
 weet Drinks. 
 
 The Signs. The Horfe loaths his 
 vieat, and ftretches our his Body at 
 ength as he Hands ; he feldom if 
 sver lies down ; his Breath Amks 
 very much, and he puts out foul 
 Matter at one or both of his No(^ 
 trils ; and he will always have a 
 hard Knob or Kernel about the blg- 
 nefsofa Walnut about the nr'ddie 
 of them, on that fide which he caft- 
 eth. 
 
 The Cure of this Difeafe is ac- 
 counted defperate ; bu' ye: it does 
 not bring a fudden Deaths but a 
 wafting and Iini.ring Infi.mity. 
 
 The Prefervativr-i The Difeafe 
 being accounted incurable, fome 
 recommend the following as a good 
 Prefervative, 
 
 * Give the Horfe to drink half a 
 
 * Pint of Canary^ With the fame 
 
 * quantity of the Blood of a young 
 
 * Pig^ luke warm,' 
 
 Others, < Let not the Horfe have 
 
 * any Food for 3 Days but Worm- 
 
 * wort, and Oats b.;ked in an 
 
 * Oven, and keep him hd'in'y the 
 t Night before he takes his Medi- 
 
 07 ) LI 
 
 ' cine J or elfe put into his ^J^'^ort' 
 
 ' 2 or 3 Spoonfuls of the Powde^ 
 
 ' of Agrimony, Red-Rnfe-leavei, 
 
 * SacchanAm B^ofaceiitn^ D'tarrho" 
 *• don Abbatisy DifantUon and Li- 
 ' qucricei'^ 
 
 Others prefcribe, ' Sulphttr and 
 ' Myrrh, finely powdered, mixed 
 
 * with a new laid Eg^, to be ou 
 
 * yen him in half a Pint of Malm-' 
 
 * fey. Tnis they repeat clivers 
 ' times, and leparate him from 
 ' other Horfe5, accounting the Dif- 
 ^ eafe inFeftious.' 
 
 LIVERWORT. 
 
 This Herb is accounted very d?° 
 terfive and cleanfin^ ; and is there- 
 fore prefcvib'd m all Obftru<fi-'ons 
 and Difeaies of the Liver and Kid- 
 neys. 
 
 It has a great EfScacy in promo* 
 ting Urine, and therefore cleanfes 
 the Kidneys and urinary PalTa^zeSb 
 It helps all Infumiiiattons in any 
 parr of the Body, the Yellows, and 
 the maitermg of the Yard* 
 
 It takes its N^me from the Re- 
 femblance it bears in its Lc.ve? to 
 the Liver and Spleen* It orov,-s in 
 watery Places, near Sprin'gs, and 
 flowers in Ji^ne, refembling Stars, 
 
 The beft way of ufing it is bf 
 wo: king it in new Ale, and giving 
 it the Horfe in a Plorn, at feveral 
 times. 
 
 LIXI VI ATE SALTS. 
 
 Lixiviate SaltSy are all thofe thai 
 are made by Incinersf'on, 
 LIXIVIUM. 
 
 Lixivium is a Liquor made by 
 the Infufion of Afhes, or any burnt 
 Subftances, which is more or lefs 
 pungent and penetrating, as it is im- 
 pregnated with Salts and fiery Par- 
 ticles abounding in it ; and thac 
 which remains after the Evapora- 
 tion of fuch a Liquor, is cali'd a 
 Lixiyial. 
 
 X 2 
 
 1 A T K^ 
 
L u r 30 
 
 LOATHING OF FOOD, 
 
 See APPETITE. 
 LOCKS. 
 Locks are Pieces of Leather about 
 the breadth of 2 Fingers, turn'd 
 round and ftufiPd on the Infide, to 
 hinder the Patterns of a Horfe be- 
 ing hurt by them, when they are 
 clapp'd round them. 
 
 LONG-JOINTED. 
 A Long-jointed Horfe is one 
 Whofe Pattern is flender ; pliant 
 long jointed Horfes are apt to have 
 Wind-galls. 
 
 LOO SE-STRIFE. 
 Loofe- Strife or Willow- Herb^ is 
 good in all Hemorrhages, inward 
 and outward, as Bloody Fluxes, 
 Bleeding Wounds, zjrc. 
 LOVAGE. 
 Lovage is an Opener and Digefter 
 of Humour?, warms a cold Sto- 
 mach, provokes Urine, is good for 
 Pains in the Belly proceeding from 
 Wind, and refifts Poifon. 
 LOYAL. 
 He is faid to be a loyal Horfe^ who 
 freely bends all his Force to obey 
 and perform any Manage he is put 
 to, and does not defend himfelf nor 
 refitt, altho he is ill-treated. 
 
 A Loyal- Month is an excellent 
 Mouth : Mouths of that kind are 
 faid to be Mouths that have a full reft 
 upon the Hand. 
 LUNAR C AUSTICK, See 
 
 SILVER CAUSTICK. 
 LU NAT I C K, 5^^ MOON- 
 EYES. 
 LU NETTE. 
 A Lur,ettet is a half Horfe- (hoe, 
 and is fo cali'd, it being a Shoe that 
 has not the Spun^es, (which Name 
 is given to the Part of the Branches, 
 that runs towards the Quarters of the 
 
 Foot.) 
 
 LUNETTES. 
 
 The Lunettes of a Horfe are 2 
 
 fmall Pieces of Fdr, made round 
 
 8 ) L U 
 
 and hollow, to clap over the Eyc> 
 of a Horfe that is vicious, and apt 
 to bite and ftrike with his Fore-Feet, 
 or that will not fufFer his Rider to 
 mount him. 
 
 LUNGS. 
 
 The Lungi are the chief Inftru- 
 ments of Refpiration or Breathing 5 
 they take up the greateft Part of the 
 Cavity of the Cheft, and are divided 
 into 2 Lobes j one of which lies on 
 the Right- fide of the AIediaJ}i?inm, 
 and the other on the Left. 
 
 They are compofed of the vari- 
 ous Ramifications or Branchings of 
 the Veins, Arteries and Nerves, 
 together with the Wind- pipe. 
 
 The Extremities of the Branches 
 of which arc curioufly interwoven 
 together, fo that they form an infi- 
 nite Number of VefTels, or Air- 
 Bladders, which refemble fmall 
 Grapes when they are extended, but 
 are not eafily perceivable at any 
 other time. 
 
 When a living Creature fucks in 
 the Air, thefe little Bladders are 
 dilated and full, and when the Air 
 is omitted as in Expiration, they 
 become empty. 
 
 A great Part of the Bulk of the 
 Lungs is compofed of Blood- 
 vefTels, which are partly a Branch 
 from the great Artery, but principally 
 the pulmonary Artery and Vein. 
 Thefe Veins and Arteries have fre- 
 quent Inofculations or Communi. 
 cations one with another, by which 
 means they become curioufly inter- 
 woven towards the VeftcuUy or 
 Air-Bladders. And moft Anatomifts 
 are of opinion, that this kind of 
 Sirufture is defign'd, that every 
 minute Particle of the Blood in thofe 
 Parts, may be impregnated with 
 Air. 
 
 There are alfo a great Number 
 
 of Lymphaticks that attend on the 
 
 Veins and Arteries thro* the whole 
 
 Surface 
 
L U ( 309 ) 
 
 >urface of the Lungs, to receive the Trees 
 uperfluous Moifture, that is feparated 
 jy the Glands, which they after- 
 vards difcharge into the Thoracick 
 
 There are alfo belonging to the 
 Lungs Nerves, which fpring from 
 .he recurrent Branches of the 
 wandr'mg Pair, Thefe bear the 
 Blood- VefTels company thro' their 
 whole Subftance, and are divided 
 into innumerable Branches. 
 
 The Lungs are the chief Or- 
 gans of Refpiration, and are m 
 every refped fuited to receive the 
 Air : and as the Wind-pipe with all 
 its Branches is made up of cartila- 
 ginous Pvings, which aft in concert 
 with its mufcular Coat, it thereby 
 becomes endued with a fort of 
 Elafiicity or Spring, by which, as 
 often as the Air is drawn in, it is 
 extended, and when it is expired, 
 it becomes contrafted. 
 
 Befides, The ufe of the Lungs in 
 Refpiration, they invigorate the 
 Blood, and render it more fit for 
 the feveral Fundions of Life, by 
 the Air which they perpetually draw 
 in. 
 
 Nor will this appear irrational, 
 when it is confidered, That the 
 whole Mafs of Blood, does take its 
 courfe thro' the Lungs, before it is 
 detached thro any Part of the Body ; 
 fo that during the Progrefs of it 
 there, it is purged from its thin- 
 ner Impurities, which vifibly fly off 
 from the Mouth and Nofe in breath- 
 ing; and not only fo, but alfo from 
 its groffer Parts, which are difcharg'd 
 thro' the Pipes of the Afpera Artertay 
 by Expedoration. 
 
 OF FRETTED BROKEN 
 AND ROTTEN LUNGS, See 
 COUGH, See alfo CONSUMP- 
 TION. 
 
 LUNGWORT. 
 Lungwort \s a fort of Mofs, 
 which grows on feycral kinds of 
 
 L Y 
 
 IS good for Coughs, and all 
 Difeafes of the Lungs, and broken- 
 winded Horfes. 
 
 LUST. 
 
 The following Simples are effi- 
 cacious to provoke Luft in Horfes, 
 The Seeds of Clary, the Pith of 
 the Stalk of the Burdocl^ before the 
 Bur is come forth j an Ounce of 
 Cloves given in Milk will provoke 
 it exceedingly; the Seed of the 
 Aflj-tree powdered with Nutmegs^ 
 is a great Encreafer of Luft, and 
 alfo the Decoftion of Afparagus, 
 given for fome time. Bread made 
 of Potatoes and Beans is a great 
 Provocative ; fo alfo is the Seed of 
 the wild Rochet ; and fo alfo are 
 Muflard-feed, Nettle-feed, and the 
 Roots of Chervil^ and FenneU 
 giant : alfo, Kaifms of the Sun, 
 Pine- Nuts, fweet Almonds ; the 
 Pizzle of a Hart or Bull, or Boars^ 
 Stones dried and powdered, and 
 given among the Horfe's Proven^ 
 der. 
 
 LUXATION. 
 
 Luxation is a flipping of any 
 thing out of its place ; and com- 
 monly fignifies, the disjointing of 
 Bones in any Part of the Body. 
 LYMPH, OR LYM PHA. 
 
 Lymph or Lympha, are generally 
 ufed to fignify, fuch a tranfparent 
 Fluid as Water ; and therefore in 
 Anatomy is ufed to fignify that 
 which is contained in the Veffels, 
 caird Lymphadutis or Lymphaticl^s, 
 LYMPHADUCTS. OR 
 LYMPHATICKS. 
 
 LymphaduHs or LymphatickSy 
 are (lender pellucid Tubes, the Ca- 
 vities of which are contra£led ac 
 fmall and unequal Diftances, by 2 
 oppofite femilunar Valves, which 
 permit a thin and tranfparent Li- 
 quor to pafs thro' them towards the 
 Heart ; but they fnut like Flood- 
 gates upon its returning. 
 
 X 3 
 
 M. 
 
M A 
 
 ( 310 ) M A 
 
 mm'^wmm^^^^^mwimm^^^ 
 
 M. 
 
 M. 
 
 THIS Letrer M in Prefcriptions 
 is frequently ufed for Mani- 
 fuhis, and Signifies an handful ; and 
 fometimes it is put at ihe end of a 
 Hec'ip^ for M'ifce^ mingle, or mix. 
 MACE. 
 M^ce is the outer Rind or Cover 
 ^o the Nutmeg ; it is taken off from 
 ix, and has the fame Virtues ; But 
 the exprefTed Oil is fomewhat more 
 penetrating than that of Nutmegs, 
 MACERATION. ^ 
 Maceration is an Infunon either 
 with or without Heat, wherein the 
 Ingredients are intended to be al- 
 jnoft wholly dilTolved. 
 
 MACUL/E. 
 MacuU are Spots upon the Skin. 
 
 MADDER. 
 Miidder is good for BruTes in- 
 ijvard or outward, provokes Urine, 
 is good to open all Obftrudions in 
 the Liver and principal Bovvel.<:, and 
 n not only a good Balfaniick, but 
 pf the greatejft Efficacy in the Yel- 
 lows. It may be given either fteep- 
 cd in new Ale or Wort, or in the 
 ■form of Balls. 
 
 MADEFACTION. 
 MadtfA^lon is properly the re- 
 ftiving fo much Mofture that the 
 Body is quire foaked thro* bv it, 
 MADNESS, OCCASIONED BY 
 THE BITING OF A MAD 
 DOG, 
 
 If either Man, Horfe, or other 
 Beaft, be birten by a mad Dog, if 
 the Skin or Elein be wounded, firii 
 fcraps the V¥^ound with an Iron In- 
 ftrument till you have cleanfed h 
 irery well , ^ijt 40 mi cut away any 
 
 part of it, unlefs it be fo rent and 
 torn that it cannot be united to 
 the Member ^ after you have done 
 this, waQi and bathe the Wound 
 with Water made fomewhat warm, 
 mix'd with as much Salt as you can 
 take up between the ends of your 
 Fingers, 
 
 Having thus cleanfed the Wound, 
 apply the following Poultice to it. 
 
 « Take K«^,S^^^, and Field Dai- 
 
 * fies^ both Leaves and Flowers, of 
 ^ each a Pugil, or as rruch as you 
 ' can take up between the Ends of 
 ' your Fingers, You may take a 
 ' greater quantity of the Daifies 
 
 * than of the other 2 Herbs. Take 
 
 * alfo a convenient quantity of the 
 ' Roots of Sweet Briar ^ or Eglan-^ 
 < tine^ and alfo of Sfanijl) Scorz.O" 
 
 * nera. Chop the Roots very fmall, 
 
 * efpeciolly the Roots of the Sweet 
 
 * Briar^ and add to them 5 or 6 
 ' Heads of Garlicky about the fize 
 
 * of a fmall Nut. Pound the Roots 
 ' in a Mortar, together with the 
 
 * Sa^e^ then put in all the reft of 
 ' the Ingredients, and add as much 
 
 * Bay Salty as you can take up be- 
 
 * tween the ends of your Fingers j 
 
 * or if it be white Salt, fomething 
 
 * more. When you have pounded 
 ' them together to a Mafli, apply 
 
 * part of it to the Wound, by way 
 ' of Poultice, and bind it well on, 
 
 * letting it lie on till the next Day ; 
 
 * and if the Wound be deep, you 
 ' may pour fomeof the Juice of the 
 
 * fame MaQi upon it.' This Poul- 
 tice muft be renewed daily, for 9 
 Days fucceilively, then pour half 9 
 Glafs of white Wini into the remain- 
 ing 
 
MA (31 
 
 ing part 'of the Mafh, Incorporate 
 them together in a Mortar, and ftrain 
 them thro' a linen Cloth, and give 
 the Horfe the Liquor to drink fad- 
 ing, keeping him fafting for 3 hours 
 after, and wafh his Mouth with 
 Wine and Water. Repeat this alfo 
 for p Days fucceffively. 
 
 If the Wounds are not well In 9 
 Days, you may drefs them as fimple 
 Wounds. 
 
 As to Dogs you may put In Milk 
 inftead of Wine, becaufe Dogs will 
 drink Milk more readily than Wine. 
 
 This Medicine is good for Man as 
 well as Beaft. This Potion will pre- 
 ferve the Heart from the Venom, 
 prevent the ill Effefts of the Poifon, 
 if it have already feized on that part. 
 After the End of 9 Days the Man 
 may be permitted to converfe with 
 his Friends, but not before ; efpeci- 
 ally if he his been bitten long before 
 the Application of the Medicine. 
 MAIDEN-HAIR. 
 
 Maiden-hair is of two forts, the 
 white and the black ; bur the black 
 is moft ufed : They are both count- 
 ed Reftoratives,and are ufed in Com- 
 pofitions for decay'd Lungs,are good 
 for Shortnefs of Breath, Stoppage of 
 Urine, and to ftop Bleedings and 
 Fluxes. The beft way of ufing it is 
 in Decodions with Barley, Liquo- 
 rice, and other Pectorals. 
 GOLDEN MAIDEN-HAIR. 
 
 The Golden Maiden-hair has all 
 the Virtues of the former. 
 MALENDERS. 
 
 'Defcription, The Malenders are 
 certain Chops or Chinks which ap- 
 pear on the bending of the Knees 
 of the Fore- Leg?, and difcharge a 
 red, fharp, and biting Water ; they 
 are very painful, and caufe a Horfe 
 to halt, or at leaft go ftiff at his firft 
 going out of the Stable. 
 
 Signs, They may be known by 
 the ftaring and bri(lled Hairs ihac 
 
 I ) MA 
 
 grow about them, and they have of- 
 tenrimes a Scab. 
 
 The Cure, Thefe Sores are not to 
 be compleatly cured, becaufe that 
 may beof ill Confequence ; but on- 
 ly are to be allay 'd by qua'ifying the 
 Sharpnefs of the Humour by the ufe 
 of Alialtes, 
 
 Firft of all, the Filth and Corrup- 
 tion, that fticks on the Hair or Skin, 
 \s to be wafh'd or fcour'd off with 
 black Soap, and then with Unne, or 
 good Lye ; or elfe the Chink muft 
 be rubb'd with good Butter, fry'd 
 till it is black. 
 
 The beft way \s to mix equal 
 Quantities of Lin feed Oil and Aqua 
 Vit£, fhaking them together till the 
 Mixture grows white, and to anoint 
 the Sores with it once a Day. 
 
 Or anoint the Malenders wich Oil 
 of Nuts^ fhaken with Water, after 
 they have been rubb'd with black 
 Soap. 
 
 Album Rafis will dry a Malen- 
 der^ when it grows too moift, and 
 will affwa^e the Inflammation, The 
 Oil of Rofes, if it be rightly prepa- 
 red, is an excellent Allayer of Sharp- 
 nefs, 
 
 Another* 
 
 * Firft rub the Malender with a 
 
 * dry Cloth, and afterwards anoint 
 ' It with Crown Soap, and Red Mer» 
 
 * cury Precipitate, mixed together j 
 
 * and after it has been once anoint- 
 ' ed, pluck off the Hairs which 
 
 * grow in ir, and on the Edge of it, 
 
 * and drefs it 3 times more, once 
 
 * in 2 Days ; then anoint it with 
 ' SalUt Oil ; but before it is a- 
 ' nointed you muft always rub it 
 ' dry.' 
 
 Another, 
 < Wafh the Malender with a La- 
 
 < ther of black Soap warm, or with 
 
 < ftale chamber Jye ; then lay 10 it a 
 ' Poultice of Mar/h'Mallow Roots 
 
 * aiid Linfed^ foltened with Lm- 
 
 X 4 fi(d 
 
M A 
 
 ( 312 ) 
 
 M A 
 
 ' feed Oily with which, you may, 
 
 * every time you anoint it, mix half 
 ' an Ounce of Cnmphire in Pow- 
 ' der, and tye it on with a Roller ; 
 
 * continue this till the Scabs fall off, 
 
 * and the Sores grow clean : Then 
 
 * take Turpentine and Q^^icl^filvsr 
 ' in equal Quantities, ftir them to- 
 
 * gether m a Mortar till they are 
 
 * well incorporated, and having 
 
 * fpread a Pledget with this Oint- 
 ' menr, lay it to the Sore, tying it 
 ' on ; drefs it arrefti daily till the 
 
 * Cure IS compleated ; wafliing the 
 ' Chinks conftantly with Brandy or 
 < Spirit of Wine. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * After you have dipt off the Hair 
 
 * which grows upon it and about it, 
 ' rub off the Scab with an Hair- 
 
 * Cloth, or the back of the ScifTars 
 ' or Knife, and that will caufea yel- 
 ' low matter to iflue out, which 
 
 * wipe off c'ean ; and having mix'd 
 ' a groat*s- worth of Oil of Pigrum, 
 
 * with human Ordure, daub it upcn 
 
 * a Linen Cloth with a flat Stick, 
 
 * and bind it on the Sore ; Let it 
 
 * lie on for a Week, then clennfe it 
 
 * and drefs it again, and it will cure 
 
 * it. Afier the Horfe has been 
 ' dreffed the firft time he may be 
 ' cither rid or turned out. 
 
 Anothtr, 
 ' Firft pu'l off the dry Scab, and 
 
 * leave no Hair growing in the Ma- 
 ' lender, then take 2 Spoonfuls of 
 ' Black Soap, and as much Alloniy 
 
 * and a foft roe'd Picldcd Herring 
 
 * out of the Barrel, pound them well 
 
 * together in a Mortar, and apply 
 ' them to the Sore, repeating it once 
 
 * a Day for 5 Days, and it will heal 
 
 * it. 
 
 Another* 
 
 * Grind Verdegreafe and foft Greafe 
 
 * together to an Ointment, put it 
 ^ into a Box for ufe ; take off the 
 ' Scab, and make it raw, and anoin 
 
 * the Sore wiih it for 2 or 3 Daytt 
 
 * and it will kill the cankerous Hu- 
 ' mour ; Then,when the Sore lookf 
 ' fair, take Hogs Greafe and Oil of 
 
 * Turpentine, of each a like quanti- 
 ' ty, and melt them together, and 
 
 ' take 2 parts of this, and mix with ; 
 
 * I part of the former Verdegreafe ' 
 
 * Salve, and anoint the Sore with it 
 ' till it is whole, making it ftronger 
 « or we;iker with the Verdegreafe^ as 
 ' you find occafion. 
 
 Another, 
 ' Take the Shreds that Glovers 
 
 * cut off from white Leather, boil 
 
 ' them till they are foft in white ' 
 ' Wine Vinegar ; then lay it hot to 
 ' the Sore, and bind it on ; renew 
 
 * this daily till it is well. This will 
 
 * bring away the Roots of the briftly 
 
 * Hairs that feed the M^lender, and 
 
 * cure it foon. 
 
 MALIGNANT. 
 
 Signifies luch a Difeafe as is great- 
 ly malignant, and is generally ap- 
 plied to fuch Fevers as are epidemi- 
 cal, or infeftious. 
 
 MALLOW. 
 
 AdarJJj- Mallows are emollient and 
 foftning, and therefore are good to 
 fheathe and blunt thofe fharp Juices 
 that irritate the Fibres ; are good in 
 the Strangury, and thofe Diforders 
 that caufe Heat and Scalding of the 
 Urine. They are of common Ufe 
 in Cataplafms and Fomentations, to 
 forward the ripening or difcuffng of 
 all hard Tumours, Inflammations, 
 Impofthumes, and Swellings. 
 MALT LONG, OR MALT 
 W O R M. 
 
 Defcription. This is a cankerous 
 Sore above the Huft, juft upon the 
 Cronet, which breaks out into Knobs 
 and Branches, out of wh-ch there 
 iffues a (harp Lye or Humour. 
 
 The Cure. « In the Summer-time 
 
 * beat blac'i Snails and the Roots of 
 
 * Burs well together, and lay ihera 
 
 * to the Sore ; repeat this once eve- 
 « ry Day. But if it be in the Win- 
 
 < tec 
 
M A 
 
 r 3 
 
 « ter-time, take tfee Scrapings of a 
 Pot or Kettle, and beat it well in 
 a Mortar, with a Handful of the 
 
 * green Bark or Peel of an Elder- 
 
 * Tree and lay it to the Sore, re- 
 
 * newing it once every Day, and it 
 
 * will heal it. 
 
 Af^other, 
 * Others pound equal Quantities 
 
 * of Garlicky Pepper, and Honey in 
 ' a Mortar, and anoint the Horfe's 
 
 * Tongue with fome of it, and alfo 
 ' by fome of it to his Pafterns, and 
 ' that will cure it.' 
 
 MANAGE. 
 
 Manage fignifies both the Ground 
 fet apart for the Exercife of riding 
 the great Horfe, and alfo the Exer- 
 cife itfelf. 
 
 The Manage or Ground for ma- 
 naging Horfes, is in great Academies 
 a covered Place for bad Weather, 
 and alfo an open Place for fair Wea- 
 ther. And there is always fuppos'd 
 a Center in the middle of the Ma- 
 nage, for regulating the Rounds and 
 Volts 5 and fome have a Pillar in. 
 the Center, to tie the Horfes to that 
 are beginning to learn. Upon the 
 Sides of the Manage there are pla- 
 ced Pillars by 2 and 2, to learn the 
 Korfe? to raife the fore-quarters, by 
 tying them with Ropes. 
 
 Manage^ the Exercife, is a parti- 
 cular way of making a Horfe, or ri- 
 ding him. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to manage, w'hen 
 he works upon Volts and Airs. Ma- 
 nag'd ; a Horfe is faid to be tho- 
 rowly managed, that is well broke, 
 bred and confirmed, in a particular 
 Air and Mjina^e, 
 
 High Manage, is the high and 
 rais'd Airs, which are proper for 
 leaping Horfes. 
 
 MANE. 
 
 The Hair of a Horfe's Mane 
 fhould oe long, thin and fine, if it 
 be frizzled, fo much the better; 
 Large and thick Manei are a Bur- 
 
 ij ) MA 
 
 den to the Neck, and make It often* 
 times incline, and lie to one fide j 
 and are apt without great Care, to 
 become a Neft of Filth and Dirt ; 
 and alfo occafion the kch, if not 
 carefully look'd after. 
 TO DYE A MANE OR TAIL 
 RED OR SCARLET. 
 « Take 2 Ounces of Madder (a 
 ' Root that may be bought at the 
 ' Druggifts) beat it coarfly, and 
 ' put it into a glaz'd Pot, that will 
 ' endure the Fire, with a Pint and a 
 
 * half of CUret V/ine, and a fmall 
 « Glafs full of Olive or Walnut Oil. 
 
 * Put the Horfes Tail or Mane, into 
 
 * the Pot, and ftop the Pot all 
 ' about with a coarfe Cloth, or 
 
 * Wifps of Hay or Straw, fo that 
 ' nothing may evaporate out of it ; 
 ' then hold a Chafing -Difh of 
 ' burning Charcoal under the Pot, 
 ' and wiih a pair of Bellows keep 
 ' blowing under it, till the Dye has 
 
 * boil'd about a quarter of an Hour. 
 
 * And to keep the Heat of the Fire 
 ' from the Horfe, let a Board be 
 ' held between the Chafing-Difh 
 ' and the Horfe. 
 
 You muft take care not to let any 
 of the Hoifc's Dock be put into the 
 Pot, but only the Hair, becaufe the 
 Horfe will not bear it. When the 
 Liquor hds boil'd about a quarter of 
 an Hour, you may take out the 
 Tailor Mane, and wafla it immedi- 
 ately in clean Water, and it will be 
 a beautiful Scarlet. If the Colour 
 be not fo deep tinged as you would 
 have it, put the Hair into the Pot 
 again the fecond time, to frefh Li- 
 quor, and when you take it our^ 
 waQi it in tlean Water as before, 
 and the Colour will laft as long as the 
 Hair, altho it be wallied everyday. 
 
 tiungariaiiSf Polontans and Croa- 
 tians pra£t;fe this upon white Hor- 
 fes ; and it makes a pretty Shew 
 enough: They are only white Manes, 
 and Tails, that will take the Colour. 
 
 TO 
 
MA (3 
 
 TO DYE MANES OR TAILS, 
 OF A YELLOW OR GOLD 
 COLOUR. 
 • Take the Root callM Terra 
 
 * Merita, and ufe it as you are 
 
 * dire^led to the former, and it will 
 
 * tinge the Hair of a yellow or 
 « Gold colour.* 
 
 M A N E - S H E E T. 
 
 Mane-Sheet^ is t Covering for 
 the upper Part of a Horfe's Head, 
 and all round his Neck, that has 2 
 Holes for the Ears to pafs thro*, and 
 then joins to the Halter upon the 
 Fore-part of the Head, and likewife 
 to the Surcingle, or long Girth upon 
 the Horfe's B<ick. 
 
 MANGE. 
 
 This Diftemper has its chief Seat 
 in the Skin and fleOiy Pannicles j 
 on the Surface of the Skin only, 
 and Scarf Skin ; and therefore is 
 feldom attended with Pain and In- 
 fianimation, but only an Itching, 
 But if the Horfe has been ill-mana- 
 ged, or the Difeafe is fuffered to be 
 of long Continuance, it will take 
 deeper Root, and caufe Boils and 
 Sores, which fometimes are of ill 
 tendency. 
 
 Tho thofe Horfes that are old, 
 are chiefly fjbjed to this Diften^per, 
 yet young Horfes of en have it if 
 they be fuffered to reft after hard 
 Labour, without bringing him off 
 by degrees. 
 
 Ths Caufe, It proceeds from a 
 too great quantity of vifcid Serum, 
 which corrupt and foul Feeding 
 breeds in the Bodies of Horfes ^ 
 fuch as the too often eatin^i of hot 
 MaQies, Grains, want of Exercife, 
 and being well curried, and fome- 
 tiajes horn want of Food and due 
 Nourifhment, and fometimes from 
 Jnfe^ion t>om other Horfes. 
 
 The Signs, The Hair will fall 
 cff, efpecially about the Loins and 
 Hims, and from the Joints more 
 or lefs, as the Diilempei* prevails j 
 
 14 ) M A 
 
 very frequently from the Rump, 
 and fometimes from the Head and 
 Neck. The Skin in thofe Places 
 will grow thick and hard, and 
 fometimes crufted, by reafon of 
 the Heat and Corrofivcnefs of 
 the Matter, 
 
 The Cure, * Firft let the Horfe 
 
 * blood, and put a quarter of a 
 ' Pound of the beft Tobacco into a 
 ^ Quart of old Urine, and let it 
 ' fimmer over the Fire, but not 
 ' boil ; and having ftrained it, 
 
 * wafh the mangy Part, either 
 ' Mane, or any other Place with it. 
 Or, 
 
 ' Put a Pound of Tobacco Stalks, 
 and half a Pound of Ali*r^, a 
 pennyworth of Mercury, and a 
 Pint of Salty into a Gallon of 
 Ale, boil it till half is confumed. 
 Bleed the Horfe the day before 
 you ufe it, and cuTy him ; when 
 the Horfe is drefs*d, wafh the 
 Manger with fcalding Water, 
 and fmoke the Saddle with Alum 
 or Brtm[ione, burnt Hay or 
 Stravu,^ 
 
 Another, 
 ' Boil a Pound of green Coppe» 
 ras, and 1 Ounces of Alum, 
 and 2, Ounces of Tobacco chop'd 
 fmall, into 2 Quarts of runniug 
 Water, till it is wafted to 1 Qiiart, 
 wafh the Horfe all over with it 
 warm, when you have rubb'd off 
 the Scabs j tie the Horfe up to 
 the Rack, for 3 or 4 Hours, 
 This will cure in twice drefiing. 
 
 FORANUNIVERSAL 
 MANGE, ORLEPRO- 
 S Y 1 N A FOUL SUR- 
 FEITED HORSE. 
 < Firft bleed the Horfe, and 
 
 ' fcrape off the Scabs or Scurf. Then 
 
 < take of Verjuice and Vinegar, a 
 « Pint, Train- Oil, old Vrine and 
 ' Cow-pifs, of each a Pint ; boil 
 
 < in them: Alum^ Bole-Armoniack 
 
 < 2nd Brimjicne^ of each a quarter 
 " of 
 
 3 
 
MA (3 
 
 * of a Pound ; Bay-Sah a Hand- 
 
 * ful, of Verdegreafe 2 Ounces ; 
 
 * walli the Horfe well with this 
 
 * very hot. And it will not be a- 
 
 * mifs to mix with ihefe, a Pint of 
 
 * the Blood you take from the 
 
 * Horfe. Do this 2 or 3 times. 
 Or, 
 
 « Having firft fcraped away the 
 
 * Scurf, wafh the Horfe with Soap- 
 
 * Leesy and it will cure in once or 
 f twice drefling. Or, 
 
 ' Wafh the Sores with Mother 
 
 * of Salt-Petre^ the beft and ftrong- 
 ^ eft, as hot as the Horfe can bear 
 ' if, and it will cure m 3 or 4 
 
 * times dreffing.' 
 
 A Dr'mk^ and outward Applica- 
 tion, 
 
 • Heat a Quart of ftrong Beer 
 
 * lukewarm^ and put into it the 
 
 * blackeft Kofm^ Annifeedi and Tar- 
 
 * mericky of each an Ounce finely 
 
 * pounded. Give it the Horfe in a 
 
 * Morning fafting, putting a little 
 ' Flower of Brimftone at the Mouth 
 
 * of every Horn, not exceeding an 
 
 * Ounce in the whole. Keep the 
 
 * Horfe fafting for 4 or 5 Hours 
 
 * after it, and order him as a fick 
 < Horfe.' 
 
 The outward Application, 
 ' Firft curry off the Scabs, till 
 
 * Blood and V^ater appear, about 
 ' 3 Days after he has taken the 
 
 * before-mentioned Drink. 
 
 * Then having mixed equal Quan- 
 
 * titles of Beer and Oil of Turpen- 
 
 * tine together with forae powdered 
 
 * Brimftone^ and incorporated them 
 
 * well, by fhaking them in a glafs 
 
 * Viol ; lie the Horfe up to the 
 ^ Rack, and anoint him all over, 
 
 * tie him {o that he may not bite at 
 
 * it, for it is a pretty (harp Medi- 
 ^ cine, but the Smart will be over 
 ' in about half an Hour. If the 
 ^ Horfe be well in heart you may 
 
 * give him the aforefiid Drink, 
 J and anoint him 5 uaies, if the 
 
 15 ) 
 
 M A 
 
 * Cure be not efFeded before. 
 
 * But if he be lean one may fuffice.* 
 Other more moJern Praclitioners, 
 
 difapprove of the common Prac- 
 tice of blooding Horfes, drainins^ 
 the Blood from feveral Parts of 
 the Body at once, viz,, the Neck, 
 Plat- Veins and Tail, as very per* 
 nicious, efpecially to Horfes chat are 
 low, and out of heart ; becaufe ic 
 often makes the Difeafe degenerate 
 into an ill Habit, which is often fol- 
 lowed by Boils and Ulcers ; and by 
 weakening the whole Body, adds to 
 the Caufe of the Diftemper. 
 
 The only fervlce that Bleeding 
 can be of, is to Horfes that have a 
 Redundancy of Blood, to lefl\n its 
 quantity, and to give a freer Pailage 
 and Ciculation to it, in the ex- 
 treme Paris, in order to the more 
 due performing of the Secretions in 
 the Skin. And in this Cafe, it may 
 be neceffary, after which they re^ 
 commend the following Drench : 
 
 ' Give the Horfe in a P nt of 
 
 * Ale, an Ounce of the Powder of 
 
 * Jalaps Cream of lanar^ and 
 ' Di^phoretick Amimmy^ of each 
 
 * half an Ounce ; of Diagridium, 
 ' 2 Drams, mixing them well to- 
 ' gether. Or, 
 
 ' Boil an O'jnce of Senna, 5 
 ' Drams of Jalap in grofs Powder, 
 
 * a Handfjl of the Roots of iliirp- 
 
 * pointed Dock fliced, in 3 Pints of 
 ' Water till one Pint is wafted ^ 
 
 * ftrain the Deco£l;on, and add to 
 ' it 2 Ounces ol Syrup of B:ick- 
 ' thorn.' 
 
 You may give the Horfe either 
 of ihefe, with the ufual Precau-. 
 tions ; but there is no occafion for 
 repeating them often : For Purging 
 is only neceffary for curing the 
 Itch, as Blooding is, as it gives gentle 
 Helps by cooling and refrePnini a 
 Florfe that is pleihorick and full- 
 bodied. 
 
M A 
 
 ^ 3 
 
 But it is outward Applications 
 that muft compleat the Cure ^ the 
 Diftemper being feared ourwardly, 
 and not To deeply roofed. 
 
 * M'x together common Sulphur 
 
 * and frejl) Butter, of each a Pound, 
 ^ with a quarter of a Pound of Oil 
 
 * o^'Tur pent hie ^ and anoint all the 
 
 * Parts with it once a day. Or, 
 
 ' Boil a Pound of Roots of fharp 
 ^ pointed D(7c/?, in a Quart of Vi' 
 
 * fjegur^ till they are very foft 5 
 ' then pulp them thro* a Hair-fieve, 
 
 * then ha\ iniz melted half a Pound 
 
 * of Uogi-Lard, with a Quirter of 
 « a Pound of Bee<-Wax, mix them 
 
 * with the Pulp, and mix the 
 
 * whole up with a Pound of the 
 
 * Flour of Jiiiiriftone,* 
 
 Anciker, 
 
 * Mix a quarter of a Pound of Pow- 
 
 * der of Elecampane Roots, and 2 
 « Ounces of the Roots of whire Hel- 
 « lehore powder V, with half a Pound 
 
 * of Flour of Br'tmjlone ; make a 
 ' ftifFOintment by niixingOintment 
 
 * of Tobacco with them. P>-ub the 
 
 * Parts with either of thefe, drying 
 ' them in with a hot Iron once a day, 
 ' and if will kill the Mange foon. 
 
 As for fretting the Skin to a 
 Rawneff, that appears not to be 
 recefl^ry, for that oftener does harm 
 than good, by exciting too great 
 Pain, and caufing too great a Deri- 
 vation of Humours towards the in- 
 fe^ed Parts, and by th-it Means 
 makes the ufe of corrofive Means 
 neceflarv ; the Diftemper being 
 rendered too powerful tor milder 
 Applications. 
 
 A5 ^or Copperas and Alum M'a- 
 teYy feme do not approve of them, 
 becaufe they are often prejudicial : 
 For that they contribute nothing to 
 the Cure of this Difeafe, and only 
 allay the HeAt and Itching; which, 
 tho they fome times do effeft, yet 
 as they do very much obftruft the 
 Pores, by hardening the Skin, they 
 
 X6 ) MA 
 
 thereby render it fubje(f\: to crack, 
 and the Pans to frefh Heat and In- 
 flammation, and fo produce Ulcers 
 and Boils. 
 
 Therefore they recommend ra- 
 ther, the rubbing of the diftemperM 
 Places with a woolen Cloth, to pro- 
 duce a moderate Heat in the Parts, 
 that the Sulphurs may the more eafi- 
 ly penetrate into the fmall Canals 
 and Veflelsj than when the Parts oa 
 which they are daubed, are either 
 raw or incrufted. And then the 
 foregoing Medicines may be ufed or 
 thefe mercurial Ones following : 
 
 < Take half a Pound of Ouickpl-- 
 
 * ver, and kill it in 4 Ounces of 
 ' Turpentine^ then by degrees, add 
 
 * to it a Pound of Hogi-Lardy or 
 ' frefh- Butter. Or, 
 
 * Take a quarter of a Pound of 
 ' Qnickjilver^ and kill in it a quarter 
 ' of a Pound of Turpentine ; then 
 ' add 2 Ounces of Precipitate finely 
 
 * powdered, and half a Pound of 
 ' Hogs-Lard^ or Butter.* 
 
 In fome moift and watery Cafes, 
 §luichjilver^ Br'tmjlone, Soot and 
 black Soap^ may be of ufe. But as 
 for ArfentcJ^j and other cauftick and 
 burning Remedies, they fhould not 
 be ufed, but in fome extraordinary, 
 degenerate Circumftances ; as where 
 there are Excrefcences which are 
 dead and without Senfe, which will 
 not give way to more mild Reme- 
 dies. 
 
 The Antimonial or Cinnabar 
 Balls^ that are prefcnb'd in the Far- 
 cin^ will be very proper in an inve- 
 terate Mange. 
 
 M A N I P U L U S. 
 
 Manipulus fignifies a Handful. 
 MARES. 
 
 The Choice cf Mares, A Mare 
 for Breeding ought to be of a good 
 and lively Nature, and as free as can 
 be from Defe<fts and Difeafes, tho 
 it is impofiible to find sbfolute Per- 
 fef^ion J but what is amifs in the 
 
 Mare 
 
MA (3 
 
 Mare fhould be repairM by the Horfe. 
 For dull heavy Horfes and Mares will 
 breed Colts of a heavy Nature, and 
 if they be infected with Difea fes that 
 are natural, their Colts will for the 
 moft part be troubled with the fame 
 Difeafes. 
 
 The Age of a Mare, A Mare may 
 be covered from q Years old and 
 upwards, and fhe will bear till 
 13 ; but if fhe be covered at 4 Years 
 old, (he will nourifli her Colt beft, 
 and will not be good for Breeding 
 after 10 : For commonly the Colts 
 of a Mare after 10, and a Horfe af- 
 ter 1 2, are heavy, weak, and floth- 
 ful. 
 
 The Time of Covering, Some fay 
 the bed Time for covering a Mare 
 is from the end of Ma"j to the end 
 oCJuly ; and then the Mare always 
 going with Foal a Year wanting a 
 Month, or 12 Lunar Months, and 
 10 Days, (except a young Mare with 
 her fii-ft Colt, which may come foon- 
 cr) will foal at a Seafon when there 
 will be plenty of Grafs for the Nou- 
 rifliment boih of herfelf and Colt ; 
 whereas if a Mare be covered in Fe- 
 bruary, March, or April, fhe will 
 foal at a time of the Year when 
 Grafs will be fo fcarce, that fhe will 
 be put to it for Nourilliment for her- 
 felf and Colt. 
 
 Some advife that a Mare be co- 
 vered from the end oi' the firft quar- 
 ter of (he Moon to the Full, or at 
 the Full ^ and they fay the Coirs 
 will be ftronger, and of a hardier 
 Nature, and that thofe Mares, which 
 are covered after the Change, will 
 bring tender, nice Coirs : And that 
 the Mare will foal the fame time of 
 the Moon that fhe was covered. 
 
 If another Horfe covers a Mare, 
 after fhe hath been covered, and the 
 Mare knit within, he will burn her. 
 
 Stud-Mares fhould be handled, to 
 make ihem tame and eafy ; work- 
 
 '7) 
 
 M A 
 
 ing them with Moderation will not 
 hurt them ; And if they are reduc'i 
 to a Tamenefs, they may the more 
 eafily be reniov'd from one Pafture 
 to another, in order to be covered, 
 and their Colts may be taken from 
 them without much Trouble ; where- 
 as wild M-ires are not only iroubie- 
 fome to keep, but do alfo fometimcs 
 by their Rafhnefs deftroy their Colts 
 in their Bellies. 
 
 How to order a Mare before Co' 
 ver'mg. Keep the Mare in the Houfe 
 for 5 or 6 Weeks before fhe \s, co- 
 vered, and give her good Feeding, 
 of Hay and Oats clean fified, that 
 Ihe may have both Strength, ^c, to 
 perform the Work of Generation. 
 Take from her near a Quart of Blood 
 from either fide of the Neck, 15 or 
 6 Days before flie is covered. 
 
 Some a{Ierr, that if a Mare be co- 
 vered, when one of the firft mafcu- 
 hne Signs do reign, which are either 
 Ar'tes, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, or 
 Leo, flie Vv'iil bring a Horfe-Colt; 
 and if when one of the feminine 
 Signs predominates, as Virgo, Libra^ 
 Scorpio, Sagittary, Capricorn, A- 
 quarius, Pifces, (he will have a Mare- 
 Coit ; efpecially if the Wind be ei- 
 ther Weft or North, but Weil is 
 beft. 
 
 Some advife that 4 or 5 Days 
 before the Mare be brouiiht to the 
 Horfe to be covered, Hie be put in- 
 to (ome clofe Pafture, with a ftonei 
 Nag to wooe her, that fhe may be 
 able to abide the great Korfe ; but 
 then this Nag muft not be lefi un- 
 fettered any longer than he is care- 
 fully watched j becaufe it any time 
 after the Mare is difpofed to be co- 
 vered, he be at liberty, fhe will be 
 fure to be covered by him, tho he 
 be not fo high as fhe by a Cubit. 
 
 When you find that the Mare will 
 abide (he Nag, and gives Signs that 
 Ihe is defirous to be covered, pro- 
 Vender 
 
M A 
 
 (3 
 
 Vender theHorfe we!), you defign to 
 
 cover her, and let him not have too 
 much Drink the Night before he is 
 to cover her : The next Morn- 
 ing bring him to the Mare, at Sun- 
 rifing, or fhe to him, into fome 
 Place that neither of them can leap 
 out, where when fhe hath been co- 
 vered twice or 3 times, let her be left 
 gr.izing with her Colt by her, without 
 Water; but take up the Horfe, and 
 rub him and provender him well till 
 the next Evening, then put him to 
 her again for a'l that Night, unlefs 
 you perceive the Horfe to chafe fo 
 much that he will injure himfelf : If 
 fo, take him from her till the next 
 Morning ; and then put him to her 
 ihe third Time, except you perceive 
 the iMare has been fatisfied with the 
 fecond, and letting him cover her as 
 often as he will from 4 of the Clock 
 in the Morning till S, take him away, 
 and lead the Mare into fome Water, 
 and let her drink bur fparingly ; then 
 turn her to the Stud, but fo that no 
 Horfe come at her for a xMontb to 
 beat her. 
 
 Some advife to bring the Mare in- 
 to fome broad Place, and to tye her 
 to a Port, and then to bring to her 
 fome Stone- horfe to dolly wirh her, 
 to provoke her to an Appetite, and 
 then to let the Srallion be led our by 
 two Men in the Morning fafting, and 
 to fuffer him to leap her, and when 
 he is difmouniing, 10 throw a Pail 
 full of cold Waier upon her Sh.ipe, 
 the Coldnefs of which v?ill caufe her 
 10 flirink in and trufs up her Body, 
 and by that means retain her Seed 
 the better. Then to take away the 
 Horfe, and fet up the M^re, not 
 fuffeving her to est or drink for 4 or 
 *5 Hours .ifter, and then to give her 
 a M;jfli and White Water. 
 
 It may be known, whether fne 
 ftands to her Covering or not, by 
 ihcfe Sgns. ll (lie does not neij^h 
 
 18 ) MA 
 
 at the Sight of a Horfe, and keep* 
 a good Stomach, nor pifTes often, 
 nor opens and fhuts her Shape of- 
 ten ; and if 4 Days after her Belly 
 be more gaunt, and her Hair fleck- 
 er and clofer to her Skin. 
 
 When Mares chafe and gallop up 
 and dowti Morning and Evening, 
 throw up their Nofes, lift up their 
 Tails, ride on one another's Backs, 
 pifs often, and open and clofe their 
 Shapes often, it is a Sign of Luft-, 
 and that they i^ve fit to take Horfe. 
 
 How to order it that no Mare 
 JJjall go barren, When all your 
 Mares have been covered, then about 
 Lat?7mas^x\-\t Month o^ July, or the 
 beginning of Auguj}^ procure a 
 Mare or two, that havenot been co- 
 vered that Year, and when you have 
 by the former Dire£lions brought 
 them to a Difpofition to be cover-* 
 ed, turn them among your Stud- 
 Mares with fome other Stallion, that 
 you do not account your beft Horfe; 
 and he by covering that Mare of 
 Mares that you turn*d in v;ith him 
 into the Stud, will incite any of the 
 Mares, that have not conceived by 
 their firft Covering, to be covered 
 by that Horfe again : And by this 
 means no Mare will be kept barren 
 all the Year, and fo you will have 
 a Colt that Year of every Mare, tho 
 not by your beft Horfe, 
 
 This Horfe may be fufFered to 
 run amonii the Mares 3 Weeks or a 
 Month : But if, when he is turned 
 into the Stud-Mares, there is not put 
 in with him a Mare that is ready to 
 be covered, he will beat all the 
 Mares, and lO injure tho fe that had 
 conceived. 
 
 Hoiv to order a Mare after Covers 
 ing, Lee her Diet be the fame after 
 fl:!e has been covered as before, for 
 the firft 5 Weeks or a Month ; af- 
 terwards keep her fweet and clean, 
 without Exercife for 3 Weeks or a 
 Month 
 
MA (31 
 
 Month longer, and turn her not out 
 of the Houfe before Midfummer j 
 pare her Feet well, and let her have 
 a thin pair of Shoes. Take her in 
 again the latter end of September, if 
 not fooner, and keep her till (he 
 foals loofe in the Stable, with good 
 Store of Straw, that when the Foal 
 falls, it may fall fofr. 
 
 A Mare that is in the Stud, (hould 
 be taken out a Fortnight before her 
 time of Foaling, and be put into 
 fome rank fenced Pafture, with feme 
 other gentle Mare or Gelding ; this 
 will make her lufty, able to foal 
 without danger, give plenty of Milk 
 to her Colt, when fhe has foaled, 
 and foon ready to be covered again. 
 
 Hew to a(fijl (t Mare tn Foaling. 
 When a Mare cannot bring forth 
 her Foal, hold her Nofe harJ,fo that 
 fhe cannot take her Breath ; and If 
 that does not do, DifToIve Madder^ 
 the quantity of a Walnut, in a Pint 
 of old Ale, and give it her, being 
 made warm. 
 
 If a Mare cannot difcharge her 
 Secundine, Take 2 or 3 Handfuls of 
 Ten -.el ^ boil it in running Water, 
 and give her half a Pint of it mix'd 
 with half a Pint of Canary^ or a 
 Pint of ftrong Beer and Ale, with a 
 fourth Part of Sallet Oil ; mix them 
 well together, make it lukewarm, 
 and give it her in at her Noftrils, 
 and hold them clofe a good while. 
 Or elfe give her fome ^r^^;? Rye^ or 
 green Wheat, 
 
 How TO order a Mare after foal- 
 ing» When fhe hath foaled, let her 
 not en Her Heam, for that will dry 
 up her Milk ; and when fhe hath 
 lick'd her Foal, milk and ftroak her, 
 before you let the Co it fuck •, this 
 will both caufe the Milk to come 
 down, and alfo multiply it, and 
 keep it from curd 11 nj,. 
 
 If it (hou d curdle, get as much 
 Milk as you can from the Mare, 
 
 P ) MA. 
 
 and boil the Leaves of Lavender or 
 Spi\e in h^ and bathe her Udder 
 with it warm, till it breaks, or the 
 Knobs and Knots are diflblved. 
 
 When fhe has foal'd, give her 
 white Water and fweet Mafhes, and 
 a Month after give her a Mafh with 
 fome Brimftone or Savin, which 
 will be a great Prcfervative againft 
 the Cold. 
 
 If fhe be moderately labour'd or 
 exercis'd, it will be better both foe 
 the Mare and Colt ; if you keep her 
 from raw Meats wh'lf^ fhe is in the 
 Stable, tfjis will both increafe her 
 Milk, and caufe the Colt to thrive. 
 The Colt muft not be fufFered to 
 fuck while the Mare is hot, left he 
 be furfe'td. 
 
 Some chufe to have a Mire foal 
 in December or 'fanaar'y, notwith- 
 ftanding moft objeft againft ix, for 
 thefe Reafons ; That they fay the 
 Weather is cold, and there is but 
 little Grafs ; fo that the Mare and 
 Foal muft needs be houfed, and fej 
 with Food that will dry up her Milk, 
 and fo ftarve the Foal. 
 
 To this they reply, That the Win- 
 ter Seafon muft needs be the beft-, 
 both for the Mare and the Foal ; they 
 being then kept in a warm Houfe : 
 And as for the Mare, if fhe be well 
 fed, fhe will have plenty of Milk, 
 which v;ill be more nourifhing than 
 that which is got at graf5. 
 
 This will make tre Colt more 
 lufty, and of bigger Bone and Sta- 
 ture, cleaner limb'd, an 1 more neat- 
 ly hoof'd and jointed, 2nd in berter 
 Cafe than a Colt, which has been 
 foaled in May or ^«»f, cr any of 
 the hotter Months. 
 
 For tho Grafs yields more Mi'k, 
 yet beina thin and watery, 1: is not 
 fo nourifhing, bein:^ not (o fubftan- 
 tial as the Winter Food. And be- 
 fides, the pinching Colds, Rains 
 and Floods in Winter, will nip the 
 
 Coir, 
 
M A 
 
 ( 
 
 X^olt, make the Mare feeble, fo that 
 her Milk will decay for want of her 
 former Plenty of Food and dry 
 Lodging. 
 
 The bejl M^res for Manage, Are 
 thofe vvhic are fhort from the 
 Head to the Croup, curious Fore- 
 hands, but not too long , fine Heads, 
 and w^el! hung in good Bodies, fhort 
 rather than long, fhort and good 
 Legs ; fhort Patterns and bending, 
 good Feet, fhort Backs, full of Spi- 
 rits and Strength, and good Na- 
 tures. 
 
 MA RIG OLDS. 
 
 Marigolds are of a Quality incli- 
 ning to the Nature of Saffron, they 
 comfort the Heart and Spirits, and 
 expel any peflilential malignant Qua- 
 lity that may annoy them. The 
 Juice of the Leaves mingled with 
 Vinegar, are good to anoint a hot 
 Swelling to afluage it. 
 
 MARJORAM. 
 
 Marjoram h very good in many 
 Diforders of the Head, being dried 
 and blown up the Nofe in the man* 
 ner of SnufF. It is good for the 
 Difeafes of a cold Stomach. It \s 
 ferviceable in all Diforders of the 
 Neives, when the Spirits are low ; 
 and being a very powerful Drier, 
 it \s accounted very efficacious in all 
 Catarrhs and Defluftions. It is 
 much ufed in malignant and epide- 
 mical Diftempers, being accounted 
 an Antidote againfl Poifons, and the 
 Bitings of venemous Beafts. 
 MARK. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to marl^^ that is, 
 to fhow his Age by a black Spot, 
 caird the Bud or Eye of a Bean, 
 which appears about the Age of 5 
 and a half, in the Cavity of the 
 cornerTeeih, and is gone when the 
 Horfe is 8 Years old ; and then he 
 ceafes to mark^ and then they fay 
 he is raz'd. 
 
 When a Horfe is 6 Years old. 
 
 110 ) MA 
 
 People look only to the cornei 
 Teeth, the Separaters and TufneSj 
 to know if he have the Mark ; be- 
 caufe the fiift Teeth which grow up 
 after a Horfe has cafl his foal Teeth, 
 are the Gatherers, and as they put 
 out fif ft, fo the Mark wears firft ouc 
 of them. Next af:er them the Se- 
 paraters grow up, and they by de- 
 grees iofe their Mark, and laft of 
 all the corner Teeth put forth. And 
 thefe are the Teeth only that Per- 
 fons look at, to know if a Horfe 
 have yet his Mark ; for there is little 
 to look to in the reft, unlefs the 
 Horfe is naturally hollow or fhdl- 
 tooth'd. 
 
 When a Horfe' s corner Teeth 
 are a little hollow and black in the 
 middle, he is faid to have the Mark ; 
 but befides the blacknefs, they mult 
 have a little hollow in the middle, 
 about the breadth of the thicknefs 
 of a Farthing, and the black Speck 
 muft be in the bottom of it. 
 
 This is the manner that a Horfe 
 of 6 Years old marks, and the a- 
 forefaid corner Teeth are above the 
 Gums, about the thicknefs of one's 
 little Finger, in fome more, in fome 
 lefs. 
 
 At ^, a Horfe will have his cor- 
 ner Teeth the breadth of ones little 
 Finger above his Gums, and the 
 black and hollow Part of his Teeth 
 will be diminifhed, but the his 
 Tufhes will be at their full length j 
 at 7 Years old, his corner Teeth will 
 be yet longer, or about the thicknefs 
 of the fecond Finger, and the hol- 
 low almoft worn out and gone. 
 
 At 8 Years old, the Horfe will 
 have raz'd, that is, none of his 
 Teeth will have any hollow in them, 
 but flat quite over, which is calleci 
 razed, and then they will be above 
 the thicknefs of the middle Finger, 
 above the Gum. 
 
 MARKS 
 
MA (3 
 
 MARKS OF A GOOD HORSE. 
 
 A Scar in the Forehead alone, is 
 look'd upon 10 be a very good 
 Mark, 
 
 One, two, three, or 5 with a 
 Crofs, is a manner of fpeaking 
 which Perfons ufe, as the good 
 Marks of a Horfe. 
 
 One, fignifies only a Star in the 
 Forehead. 
 
 Two, fignifies a Star in the Fore- 
 bead, and the near-hind- Foot white, 
 svhich is accounted an excellent 
 Mark. 
 
 Three, fignifies a Star in the Fore- 
 head, and two hind' Feet white, 
 ivhich is accounted a good Mark. 
 
 Three with a Crofs, fignifies a 
 5tar in the Forehead, and two crofs- 
 Tanfmitted white Feet ; they are 
 ;he far fore-Foot and near- Hind, 
 vhich are alfo accounted pretty 
 jood, 
 
 MARTINGAL. 
 
 A Martingal, \$ a broad Strap 
 made £^^ to the Girths under the 
 Belly of a Horfe, and runs between 
 :he two Legs to faften the other 
 End. under the Nofe-Band of the 
 Bridle. 
 
 A MASH. 
 
 * Put half a Peck of ground Malt 
 ^ into a Pail, then put to it as much 
 
 * fcalding Water as will wet it well. 
 ' Then ftir it about for half an 
 ' Hour, till the Water is very fweet, 
 ' and give it the Horfe lukewarm. 
 
 This Mafh is to be given to a 
 Horfe after he has taken a Purge, 
 to make it work the belter, or in 
 the time of a great Sicknefs, or af- 
 ter hard Labour, <o'c. Or, 
 
 * Take half a Peck of Malt, and 
 
 * boil a Gallon of Water, and put 
 
 * 2 Quarts to the Malt, ftirring it 
 
 * well, then pour in the reft of the 
 
 * Water, and cover it up clofe till 
 
 * it h grown lukewarm,| and then 
 ' give it the Horfe. Or you may 
 
 ii ) 
 
 M A 
 
 ' fqueeze out the Malt and give him 
 * onty ihe Liquor, if you would 
 ' not have him eat the Malt.* 
 MASTER-SINE W. 
 There is a large Sinew that fur- 
 rounds the Hough and divides I'c 
 from the Bone by a hollow Place, 
 where the Wind-galls are ufuaDy 
 fcated ; which is the largeft and moft 
 vifible Sinew m a Horfe's Bady. 
 This is oftentimes relax'd or ftraia- 
 ed. 
 
 The Caufe, It is occafioned by 
 being drained by hard Riding, go- 
 ing down a fteep Place, a SlTp, or 
 Fail, or too heavv a Burden. 
 
 Th Signs. When a Horf- walks 
 the Leg will feem to hang at the. 
 Hough, becaufe the Motion of it is 
 not regulated by the Mafter Sinew ; 
 and fometimes it will appear as if 
 the Bone were broken, tho at the 
 fime time it will feem perfeftly 
 found, when the Horfe ftands with 
 his Foot fix'd on the Ground, the 
 Hough being extended in its natural 
 Pofture. But if at the fame time 
 the Mafter-Sinew be handled, it will 
 be more moveable than that of the 
 other Leg. And if the Horfe be 
 caufed to move his hinder Parts, the 
 Sinew may be perceived to be loofe 
 as if it were broken. 
 
 It is only the lifting up of the 
 Foot when the Horfe goes, that dif- 
 covers the Strain. 
 
 The Cure, Firft let the Horfe 
 Blood in the Neck ; and then put 
 him in the Poftuie as is direded for 
 a fway'd Back, and ufe the follow- 
 ing Application : 
 
 * Take the Koots of Comfrey and 
 ' Mar flj- Mallows, dry them and 
 ' pound them grofly, and take 2 
 « Ounces of the Powder, or 4. Oun- 
 ' ces of the green Roots ; boil them 
 « in Lard in an earthen Vellei, with 
 ' a clofe Cover j when they are 
 * boii'd lender, add the Leaves of 
 Y * Mallows^ 
 
MA (32 
 
 < Mallows^ MarJJj-Mallows^ Hyffop^ 
 1 Speedwell and Sanicle chopt fmall, 
 « of each a Handful ^ boil all toge- 
 
 < theiVand if there be occafion, pour 
 « in frefh Wine to keep it from 
 
 < burning. When they are grown 
 
 * foft, take them up, pound them 
 
 * in a ftone Mortar, ftrain them 
 
 * thro' a Hair-Sieve. Then heat 
 
 < the Matter that is ftrained, with a 
 ' quarter of a Pound of Badgers- 
 
 * Greafe^ and apply it hot to the 
 ' Part, and cover it with Flax and 
 ' an old linen Cloth. But firft a- 
 
 * nointthe Place with the following 
 
 * Ointment ; 
 
 * Take an Ounce ofO// oiRofes, 
 
 * Oil of Camomile and juniper, of 
 
 * each half an Ounce ; warm them 
 
 * in an earthen Veflel, with one 
 
 * Dram of Caftoreum in Powder. 
 
 * When it grows lukewarm, anoint 
 
 * the Part afFe£led gently, for the 
 ' Remedy is very penetrating. 
 
 * Anoint it but once in 2 Days, 
 
 * for fear of an Inftammation \ and 
 
 * if you perceive by the Swelling of 
 
 * the Sinew, that the Oils produce 
 « too great a Heat in the Part, a- 
 
 * noint it only with warm Oil of 
 
 * Kofes^ as long as the Inflamma- 
 
 < tion contijoues.' 
 
 As often as you drefs it, lay a 
 little frefh Poultife upon the old. 
 
 In the beginning of the Cure 
 the Horfe muft be put »into a Place 
 made with Grates and Pofts, that 
 he may not roll or move his hin- 
 der Parts. 
 
 Or elfe he may be flung. 
 
 When the Strain feems to be cu- 
 red, inftead of riding the Horfe, you 
 muft give him the Fire, beginning 
 very high with a Stroke or Line in 
 the middle of the Sinew, and 2 un- 
 der it from the upper Part of the 
 Thigh, till you come under the Top 
 or Elbow of the Hough. 
 
 And then bum the Part between 
 
 2 ) MA 
 
 thefe Lines, making crofs Lines at 
 about a Fingers- breadth diftancefVom 
 each other, till the Skin is of a cher- 
 ry Colour, but it muft not be pier, 
 ced. Then fear the Thigh- Vein 
 with a Star of Fire, and fear the 
 lower Part of the fame Vein with fe- 
 veral Lines. Cover the burnt Part 
 with a Plafter of black pitch, and 
 Flocks over that. When the Scabs 
 fall off, wafh them with Brandy till 
 they are dry, and walk the Horfe 
 gently for fome time before you 
 travel him. 
 
 MASTER -WORT. 
 
 Majier-Wort. The Root of it is 
 very hot, equal to Pepper, and is 
 good in all cold Difeafes and Grief; 
 of the Stomach, for Shortnefs of 
 Breath, and to expel Urine, provokes 
 Sweat, cleanfes and heals green 
 Wounds. 
 TO TEACH A HORSE TO 
 
 FOLLOW HIS MASTER. 
 
 * Make a Cake with a Pound of 
 
 * Oatmeal, a quarter of a Pound of 
 ' Honey^ and half a Pound of I«- 
 ^ narce. Put it into your ;Bofom 
 ' next to your naked Skin, and ex- 
 ' ercife yourfelf till you fweat, which 
 ' Sweat rub upon the Cake ; keep 
 
 * the Horfe fafting a Day and a 
 ' Night, and give him the Cake to 
 ' eat, and when he has eaten it, 
 
 * turn him loofe, and he will not 
 
 * only follow you, but when at any 
 « time he milTes you, he will hunt 
 
 * for you, find you out, and know 
 
 * you, tho you are in the Company 
 
 * of never fo many ; when he comes 
 
 * to you, you muft ipitin his Mouth, 
 
 * and with your Finger rub Spittle 
 ' on his Tongue, and he will never 
 
 * forfake you.' 
 
 MASTICATION. 
 
 Majlication Signifies chewing ; it 
 
 h an Aftion whereby the Aliments 
 
 are broken and divided into fmall 
 
 Pieces by the Teeth, and mixed 
 
 With 
 
M A (32 
 
 with the Saliva, in order to their 
 being more eafily digefteci in the 
 Stomach. 
 
 MASTIC A TORS. 
 
 AUjIicaiors are thofe Medicines 
 as .ire intended for chewing, in or- 
 der ro evacuate more than ordinary 
 by the fah'val Glands, as chewinij 
 Balls, &€. 
 
 M A S T I C Ke 
 
 Majlick is a white Gum in nnall 
 GranuU or Grains, hard and white ^ 
 it is efteemed a very great Strength- 
 her in all WeaknefTes, and for that 
 reafon is made ufe of in Fluxes and 
 Haemorrhages. It is alfo good in 
 broken-winded confumptive Cafes, 
 and in Diforders of the Kidneys ; 
 and alfo in outward Applications, in 
 feveral Pl.ifters. 
 
 M A S T 1 G A D O U R. 
 
 Maftigadour is a Slabbering or 
 Snaffle of Iron, made all fmooth, 
 and of a Piece, guarded with Parer- 
 Nofters, and compos'd of three 
 Halfs of great Rings made into the 
 Form of Demi-Ovals, of unequal 
 Sizes ; the leflTer being inclofed with- 
 in the greater, which ought to be 
 about half a Foot high. It is mount- 
 ed with a Head-Srall, and 2 Reins. 
 
 A Korfe by champ'n:^ upon the 
 Maftigadour^ keeps his Mi)U'.h fiefh 
 and moiO, by the Froth and Foam 
 that he draws from his Brain. 
 MATTERING OF THE YARD. 
 
 Mattering of the Tard^ is fome- 
 times caufed by the fh.irp frolly 
 Air whicK caufes an Ulceration ; but 
 it moft ufually is caufed by a Hor- 
 fe's being hurt by being too eager in 
 covering a Mare : For the Yard be- 
 ing of a loofe fpungy Subftance, if 
 it happens to be bruifed, it is apt to 
 become fore and ulcerated. And 
 when the thin Skin is only fre^ed off 
 from any Part of it, from thence a 
 l^i"ge Difcharge of ftmking Matter 
 will iffue, which if due Care be not 
 
 3 ) MA 
 
 taken, may prove of ill Confe- 
 quence. 
 
 If It be taken in time, it may be 
 cured by Bleeding alone, and ba- 
 thing the Part with Sprit of Wins 
 made warm. 
 
 And becaufe the Spirits will itiake 
 the Yard fmart very much, it will be 
 bed when he is bathed, to do it ouc 
 of the Stable, left being unruly, hd 
 fhould lame himfelf, tho the Smarc 
 will not laft above a Minute or two. 
 
 If the Excoriation or Ulcer be in- 
 ward, it will be proper to in]c^ the 
 following Mixture, 
 
 The way to diftinguifh whether it 
 be inward or no, v;ill be by the 
 Matter that proceeds from the uri- 
 nary Paflage. 
 
 For tho Farriers pretend to kcio\^ 
 it by the Pain in piffing, that will 
 not be fufficient, for the lead Sore 
 outwards, is more or lefs attendee! 
 with an Inflammation, and fo will 
 caufe the fame Signs as the Urine 
 paffes thro' the Part that is infla- 
 med. 
 
 « Take a Qc^n of Plantain Wa^ 
 
 * ter or Rcfe-lVater, 4 Ounces of 
 ' Venice-Turpe'/ztine and the Yolks 
 ' of 2 E^gs^ and 2 Ounces of Ho* 
 ' ney : mix 'hefe well together in a 
 ' Mortar, and pour the Plantain- 
 ' Water or Kofc-l'Vater, on them 
 ' by degrees, till they are well in- 
 ' corporated. Then add 8 Ounces 
 ' of Brandy or Spirit of M'^ine^ in 
 
 * wh'ch a Dram of Cafnphire has 
 ' been diflolved. Put this into ai 
 ^ Glafs-Viol for ufe^ and fhake it 
 ' when you are going to efe it» 
 
 Another. 
 ' Boil 2 Ounces of Roch-Alum, 
 » \t\ a Quart of White- Wine till the 
 
 * Alum is difTolved, and injedt it 
 « with a Syringe, blood-warm into 
 
 * the Horfe's Yard, as far as it may 
 « be, 4 or 5 limes a day, till he is 
 
 « well, 
 
 1 2 MAT- 
 
MA ( 32 
 
 MATTHE WS-PILL. 
 
 Is one of the beft and fafeft Pre- 
 parations of Opium, It is a very 
 excellent Medicine in all Colds, and 
 where there is a running at the Nofe, 
 which would turn to the Jaundice : 
 Por if the Lungs of the Horfe be 
 found, and he is not otherwife de- 
 cay'd, \t will prevent it turning to 
 the Glanders* It is alfo good to 
 promote Secretions by Sweat and 
 Urine. The Dofe may be from 2 
 to I Drams, or half an Ounce, 
 
 The Preparation is as follows : 
 
 * Take of Extrad of Opium ^ 
 
 * "Black Hellehorey Liquorice and 
 ' Soap of Tartar, of each 8 Ouncesj 
 
 < beat and mix the Ingredienis well 
 
 * together ; reducing the Hellebore 
 « and Liquorice firft into a fine 
 
 * Powder ; mix with it 2 Ounces 
 
 * ofEngliff) Saffron, with 6 Ounces 
 
 * of the Mafs cut into fmall Pieces, 
 
 * beating them together till the Saf- 
 
 * fron is perfedly incorporated and 
 « mix'd with it, fo that you cannot 
 
 * difcern any Part of it from the 
 
 * reft. Then beat that very well 
 
 * wiih the whole Mafs ; and if it 
 
 < happens to be too dry, you may 
 
 < add Oil of Turpentine, as much 
 
 * as will fuffice to make it of a fit 
 ' Confiftence to be made into Pills. 
 « Put the Mafs into a Glafs or Galley- 
 
 * pot, with a wide Mouth ^ tie it 
 « over clofe with a Bladder, and 
 
 < keep it for ufe.' 
 
 MATTRASS. 
 Mattrafs is the Name of a Chy- 
 inical Glafs-VefiTe!^ made for Digef- 
 tionor Diftillat'on. 
 
 MATRIX. 
 Matrix is the Womb of a Fe- 
 male. 
 
 MATURATION. 
 Maturation fignifies the Suppu- 
 ration of excrementitious or extra- 
 vafated Juices into Matter, and dif- 
 fers from Concoftion or Digeftion j 
 
 4) 
 
 M A 
 
 which is a raifing the alimentary and 
 natural Juices to a greater Perfeftion 
 in their proper Canals. Medicines 
 of this Clafs are called RIpeners. 
 
 SWEET- MAUDLIN. 
 
 Sweet- Maudlin is good to pro- 
 voke Urine, purge Flegm and Cho- 
 ler, and to dry up thin Rheums in 
 the Head and Stomach, 
 
 MEADOW-SWEET- 
 
 SolUyfell recommends it as very 
 good in malignant and peftilential 
 Fevers. It is alfo call'd Glueen of 
 the Meadows, 
 
 MEATANDDRINK. 
 
 If there be any particular Meat 
 or Drink that you would have the 
 Horfe eat, ((^c, that you know is 
 good for him, and he refufes it, do 
 not thruft it violently upon him, but: 
 win him to it by gentle Means and 
 Allurements, and efpecially when he 
 is moft hungry and dry, and if he 
 take but a little at a time, it will 
 foon encreafe to a greater Q^iantity ; 
 and always give him lefs than he 
 would have : and in order to bring 
 him the fooner, to mix that he loves 
 moft with that he loves leaft, till 
 both become alike familiar. And 
 by this Means the Horfe will not be 
 a Stranger to any thing that is good 
 and wholfome. 
 
 MECONIUM. 
 
 Meconium is an Extrad made 
 from Englijh Poppies, and has the 
 fame Vertues as Opium^ iho not in 
 (o high a degree. 
 
 MEDICINE. 
 
 Medicine comprehends thefe ^ 
 Parts, Phyfiology, Pathology, Se* 
 miottca, Hygieana, and Jherapew 
 tica. 
 
 M E L I L O T. 
 
 Melilot or Kings-C liver, is a Plant 
 that is very opening and difcuffive, 
 and for that Reafon is much in ufe 
 in Cataplafms, Fomentations and 
 Piafters. 
 
 MELLET. 
 
ME (32 
 
 MELLET. 
 
 The Meliet is a dry Scab, which 
 grows upon the Heel of the Fore- 
 Feet. 
 
 Ths Cure, ' Take a Pint of or- 
 
 * dinary Honey, Black- Soap half a 
 
 * Pound i mix them together, then 
 
 * put to it 8 or 10 Spoonfuls of Vi- 
 ' negar, and as much Alum finely 
 
 * beaten and unburned, as 2 Hem- 
 ' Eggs^ and 4 Spoonfuls of Rye- 
 
 * Flower ; when thefe are all mix*d 
 ' together and the Hair has been 
 
 * clipp'd away, apply it by way of 
 ' Piafter, as far as the Sore ex- 
 
 * tends ; let it lie on for ij Days, 
 ' then take it off and wafh the fore 
 
 * Leg and Foot with the Broth in 
 
 * which powdered Beef has been 
 
 * boiled, and then roll his Legs up 
 
 * with Thumb-Bands of foft Hay, 
 
 * wetted in the fame Broth. When- 
 ' ever the Sore is drefs'd, the dry 
 
 * Scab muft be taken off, and any 
 
 * crufty Matter that fhall be on the 
 
 * Place ; and it muft be wafh'd ve- 
 
 * ry clean.' 
 
 MEMBRANE. 
 
 A Membrane is a Herb of feveral 
 forts of Fibres interwoven together, 
 for the covering and wrapping up 
 fome Parts. 
 
 MENSTRUUM. 
 
 All Liquors are call'd Menftru- 
 UPiSy which are ufed as Diflblvents, 
 or to extrad the Vertues of Ingre- 
 dients by Infufion, Decoction, vc, 
 M E R C CJ R Y. 
 
 The Herb Mercury^ call'd French 
 or Dogs-Mercury, is emollient and 
 foftening, like Mar (Ij- Mallows, but 
 is accounted more deterfive and 
 cleanfing. It '\s much ufed in De- 
 coftions, Clyfters and Fomenta- 
 tions. 
 
 The Juice purges Choler and wa- 
 tery Humours, clears the Breaft and 
 Lungs from Flegm ; being put up 
 the Noftrils, it purges the Head of 
 
 5 ) 
 
 M E 
 
 Rheums, and is alfo good for the 
 Yellows. Being applied as a Poul- 
 tice, lavs InflammAtions. 
 M E R b a R I IJ S D U L CI S, 
 OR, CALOMEL. 
 
 This is good to kill and deftroy 
 Worms, and wormy Matter ; it 
 adds to and quickens the Operation 
 of Phyfick, that \s purgative, and 
 works as a powerful Alterative, and 
 by that Means becomes of the great- 
 eft Service in the Farcin and Mange^ 
 and moft Difeafes that are chronicaL 
 But it often proves prejudicial in 
 heftick Diforders, and in all thofa 
 Cafes whereby the Body is too much 
 relaxed. 
 MERCURIAL-HONEY. 
 
 ' Take 3 Pounds of the Herb 
 
 * Mercury, pick it and cleanfe it 
 
 * well, boil it with 4 Pound of 
 
 * Honey, and skim it now and then, 
 
 * till they come to the Confiftence 
 ' of a Syrup.' 
 
 About 8 Ounces of this being put 
 among Clyfters, is cleanfing and 
 purging. 
 
 HIGH-METT LED. 
 
 Some Perfons confound Fierynefs 
 with Vigor or High-Mettle. 
 
 Fierynefs is an earneft and immo- 
 derate Defire of Horfes to go for- 
 wards, and are fubjed to fret, tram- 
 ple and dance, and put themfelves 
 all in a Sweat, thro' the defire they 
 have to gallop, nor will fuft'er any 
 Horfe to go before them. Such 
 Horfes are good for nothing but to 
 fatigue the Rider and themfe'vej. 
 
 A vigorous and true mettled 
 Horfe, is one that is fomewhat cold 
 in his Acl:ions, but very obedient to 
 the Spurs ; vvhofe Sides are all very 
 fenfible ; tho we cannot fay, but 
 fiery Horfes are fometimes very 
 high mettled ; but it is their Fault 
 to be (o, with this fretful and fiery 
 Difpofiiion. 
 
 Y 5 MES- 
 
(325 ) 
 
 M I 
 
 MES-AIR. 
 ^es-Air is a Manage half a Ter- 
 ra-a'Terra^ and half a Cor'vet. 
 MESARCHURES. 
 Mefarchures are Wrenches of the 
 Paftern. 
 
 MIDDLE TEETH. 
 The Middle Teeth are the two 
 Teeth next the Nippers, one on 
 each fide, both above and below, 
 and are called Separaters, becaufe 
 they feparate the Nippers from the 
 corner Teeth. 
 
 MILK TEETH. 
 The Milk Teeth are thofe fmall 
 Teeth which come forth before, 
 when a Foal is about 3 Mont'<is old, 
 and which he begins to caft about 2 
 Years and a half after, in the fame 
 order as they grew, and therefore 
 fhey are called Milk or Eoal Teeth. 
 M 1 N Tc 
 Spear Mint is a good Cordial to, 
 and a great Strengthner of the Sto- 
 rnach ; therefore the Powder of the 
 dry'd Herb is a proper Ingredient 
 in any Compofition to reftore a de- 
 cayed Appetite 5 the Juice taken in 
 Vinegar is good to ftop inward 
 Eleedmgs. It is alfo very ufeful in 
 outward Applications, as Bathc^ and 
 Fomentations, to give SpriniJ and 
 Vigour to the Nerves, when relaxed 
 with Travel or hard Riding. The 
 Juice being mixed with Barley Meal 
 diilblves Impofthumes. 
 
 HORSE MINT. 
 Horfe Mint is good for Shortnefs 
 of Wind, and th'e Cholick, againft 
 she Bitings of venomous Beafls, and 
 the Farcin. 
 
 MIRROR OF MEDICINES. 
 ? Take Annifeeds, Cummmfeeds^ 
 ^ Carthamus, Elecampane^ and Yen- 
 ^ nigreek^ of Flour of Brymfione^ 
 f and brown Sngarcandy^ of each a 
 ? quarter of a pound ; let them be 
 ? finely powdered and fearfed, then 
 I diirplve 3 Q^nces of the Juice of 
 
 M I 
 
 ' Liquorice in a Pint of White Wine, 
 ' then mix 6 Ounces of Syrup of 
 « Colts- foot^ of Sallet Oil a Pint, and 
 ' the fame quantity of live Honey, 1 
 
 * Thefe Ingredients being mixed j 
 « with the Powders, work them in- I 
 « to the Confiftence of a ftiffPafte 
 
 « with Wheat Flower, make them 
 ' up into Balls as big as French Wal- 
 « nuts, Hulls and all, and put them 
 
 * into an earthen Vefl'el, and keep 
 
 * them clofe covered for ufe. 
 
 This Mr. Mar\ham fays will 
 make the leaned and unfoundeft 
 Horfes that may be, fat, found, and 
 fit either for Market or Travel, in a 
 Fortnisiht. 
 
 When you ufe them rub it over 
 with fweet Butter, and give it the 
 Horfe in the manner of a Pill, and 
 ride him a little after it : Then give 
 him his Meat and Water as at other 
 times. If it be to prevent Sicknefs, 
 repeat this for 3 or 4 Mornings run- 
 ning. 
 
 If it be to remove Sicknefs, then 
 give it the Horfe once a Week or 
 more. 
 
 If it be to cure Molten Greafe, 
 then prefently after his Heat, and in 
 his Heat. 
 
 But if it be to fatten a Horfe, give 
 it for a Fortnight. They may alfo 
 be given diffolY'd in fweet Wine, 
 Ale or Beer : And in this cafe ufe 
 the fecond Balls, which are made as 
 follows : 
 
 « Take Wheat Meal 5 pound, of 
 « Annifeeds one ounce, of Curri' 
 « minfeeds 5 drams, of Carthamus 
 
 < 9 quarters of a Grain, of Fenni- 
 ' greek feeds 5 grains, of Bnmjione 
 
 * 3 quarters of an ounce, of Sallet 
 ' Oil half a pint and an ounce, of 
 
 * Floney g quarters of a pound, of 
 
 < White Wine a quart. Let the hard 
 
 * Simples be finely powdered and 
 
 < fearfed, then all together with the 
 ' Liquids;, kneaded and made into 
 
M O 
 
 « a Pafte, and into Balls as big as 
 ' one's Fift, and one of them dif- 
 ' folved in cold Water is to be gi- 
 ' ven to the Horfe every Morning 
 < and Evening.' 
 
 This is alfo the beft Scouring that 
 can be given to a Horfe. 
 MISLETOE. 
 
 Mifletoe grows on various Trees, 
 but that which grows on the Oak is 
 beft : Mixed with equal parts of 
 Rofin and >5^ax, it heals old Ulcers 
 and Sores. It is generally account- 
 ed good againft Apoplexies and Ver- 
 tigoes, and other Difeafes of the 
 Head, and therefore is prefcribed for 
 Horfes that are fubjed to the Stag- 
 gers. There needs no great E.e- 
 ftri£lion as to the Dofe, whether 
 given In Powder or Decoftion. The 
 Juice put into the Ears, heals Im- 
 pofthumes in them in a few Days. 
 MOISTURE. 
 
 A Plafler to dry up fuperjluous 
 Moijiure, and to bind Parts that 
 are loofened, * Take Bitumen half 
 
 * a Pound, of the pureft part of 
 
 * Yranliincenfe an ounce and a half, 
 ' of Bdellium Arabicum half an 
 ' ounce, o{ Deers-fuet half a pound, 
 
 of Galbanum and Populeon^ each 
 half an ounce, of Drops of Storax 
 
 half an ounce, of common Wax 
 
 ' half a pound, of Re/in 4 ounces, 
 ' Vifcus Itaiicus 3 quarters of an 
 ' ounce, of >i/>i?«iw^ half an ounce, 
 ' of the Juice of H'jjjop half an 
 
 * ounce, of the Drops of Armoni- 
 
 * ack half an ounce, of Pitch 4 
 ' ounces. Melt all thefe, difTolve 
 ' and incorporate them well tog*?- 
 ' ther, according to Art, and make 
 « a Plafter. 
 
 MOLTEN GREASE, 
 The Caufe. This Diftemper is 
 defin'd by fome to be the melting of 
 the Far, by over hard Riding or La- 
 bour. 
 
 Others fay, more truly, that vjoU 
 ten Qrcafi is only a different Spe^ 
 
 ( 3*7 ) MO 
 
 cies of a Diarrhcsa, and when the 
 Scouring is large, as frequently hap- 
 pens to fome full-bodied young Hor- 
 fes, a greafy matter like Fat comes 
 away in their Dung ; and this is by 
 Farriers called Molten Greafe, which 
 is of the fame Nature with the grea- 
 fy Diarrhoea^ and feems to be oc- 
 cafioned when the Glands of the In- 
 teftines are more than ordinarily 0- 
 pened, whereby that matter is eva- 
 cuated from the Blood into the Guts, 
 which fhould be otherwife depofited 
 in the Fat. 
 
 Fat Horfes are moft fubjed to 
 this Diftemper, it being commonly 
 caus'd by Repletion or Fulnefs. 
 
 The Signs, The Horfe will pant 
 attheBreaft and Girting- Place, which 
 may be feen the Night you bring hinj 
 in, and the next Morning, and alfo 
 his Body will be very hot and burn* 
 ing. The Horfe will forfake his 
 Meat, lie down, rife again fudden- 
 ly 5 and if you put your Hand into 
 his Fundament, the Excrements you 
 draw out will be cover'd with a whi- 
 tifh Membrane or Film like Greafe, 
 
 The Cure, ' Firft bleed the Horfe, 
 
 * x.2i\it Senna and Bay-berries o^ q^qh 
 ' half an ounce, of Aloes, Khu- 
 ' barb, and Saffron, of each 2 
 
 * drams, of Duke's Powder, and 
 
 * Cordial Powder of each 2 drams, 
 
 * Afcer they are reduc'd all to a fine 
 ' Powder, mix them with White 
 « Wine and Sallet Oil of each half a 
 ' pint, and a quarter of a pound of 
 ' live Honey. Make this Compofi« 
 « tion blood-warm, and give it the 
 « Horfe fafting, or at leafl let him 
 ' have no Meat for 3 Hours before, 
 ' and as many after ; and for 5 or 
 
 * 6 Days after let him drink nothing 
 « but white Water or Mafhes, and 
 
 inftead of Oats give him prepared 
 Bread or Bran j or if you do give 
 him Oats, mix with them linni^ 
 grec\ feed bruifed* 
 
 V4 
 
 Amthtfi 
 
MO (32 
 
 Another, 
 ^ DlfTc'lve an ounce of Diafcer- 
 ' dium in a Pint of Carary^ or a 
 
 * Quart of Ale or heer^ and give it 
 
 * the Horfe cold in a Morning (aft- 
 
 * ing, and afterwards let him be or- 
 ' dered after the manner of fick 
 ' Horfes, with Mafhes, burften Oats, 
 
 * warm V^ater, and warm Cover- 
 
 * 'ng, (l^c. 
 
 FOR A HORSE THAT IS MOL- 
 
 TEN, AND BREAKS OUT. 
 
 When you perceive Swelh'ngs like 
 Bags under the Horfe's Belly, "about 
 the girding-place, anoint them once 
 a Day with Bacon-greafe till they be 
 rotten, then lance one of the Swel- 
 lings to let out the Corruption, 
 fqueezing it out. Then anoint the 
 Swelling all over with Traw-Od^ 
 wafhing the V\7ound well with a 
 3tick having a Linnen Cloth tv'd at 
 the end of it, and dip'd in the Train- 
 Od. 
 
 If the Swelling run towards the 
 Cods, then with a piece of Iron 
 JDade in the Form of a Fleam, put 
 into the end of a Stick, and made 
 red hot, firike him thro" the Skin 
 in 6 or 8 Places, according as the 
 Swelling is in Largenefs : Squeeze 
 out the Corruption, and dab it with 
 Urine and Salt made fcalding hot, 
 and afterwards anoint it within and 
 without with Tran-Oil^ repeating it 
 once a Day, and afterwards once in 
 2 or 3 Days, as it heals. Take care 
 that Cold or Wind pet not into any 
 of the Wounds, for they will caufe 
 them to fwel! very much. If they 
 do, you muft anoint the Swelling all 
 over with Ointment of Populeon, 
 and that will certainly aiTwage the 
 Swelling. 
 
 Others direct. 
 
 As foon as ever you fufpeft the 
 Horfe'i Greafe to be molten, let the 
 Fundament of the Horfe b? drawn 
 h) a Hand and Arm dawbed with 
 
 8 ) 
 
 M O 
 
 frefli Butter^ drawing away not on- 
 ly the Dung but the flimy Matter. 
 After he has been well rak«;d, bleed 
 him in the Neck, and half an hour 
 after give him the following Clyt 
 ler: 
 
 * DifTolve 2 ounces of Benedi^a 
 ' laxativa^ an ounce of either Sal 
 
 * Gemm&, Sal PolychriJIum, or the 
 ' Scoria of the Liver of Antimony^ 
 
 * in 2 quarts of the common De- 
 
 * coftion, adding a quarter of a 
 
 * a pound of Honey of Violet s, a 
 ' pint of Urine of a healthful Man, 
 ' and the fame quantity of Emetick 
 ' Wine.'* After the Horfe has taken 
 this Clyfter let him be walked gent- 
 ly for half an hour, to caufe him to 
 void it ; and about an hour after, 
 when the Clyfler has done working, 
 give him half a pint of the Juice of 
 Hotifleek, in a pint of White Wine, 
 and walk him gently for an hour 
 more. Or, 
 
 Firft rake the Horfe, then let him 
 reft fome time j having procured a 
 young Sheef, Lamb, or Calf to be 
 brought into the Stable, cut the Neck 
 of it, and receive the Blood into a 
 Pipe mjde hot before, to prevent 
 the Blood from cooling, err. and 
 injeft this B'ood by way of Clyfter 
 into the Fundciment of the Horfe. 
 You may repeat this every 12 hours. 
 
 Both the foregoing Medicines are 
 recommended as excellent. 
 
 It is a general Rule, and next to 
 infallible, that when this Difeafe is 
 accompanied with a running at the 
 Nofe, few Horfes recover it, and 
 efpecially if they avoid a great quan- 
 tity of Matter. But if the Humours 
 are frothy, it is a certain Sign of 
 Death. 
 
 Another Remedy, 
 
 Firft bleed the Horfe, and if it be 
 in Summer-time, an hour after give 
 him 2 finking Pills t which are made 
 as follows ; 
 
 < Take 
 
M O 
 
 ( 3^9 ) 
 
 M O 
 
 < Take the beft and deaneft A(]a 
 
 * Fcetida, Liver of Antimorr), and 
 
 * Bay-berries of Provence or liai<y^ 
 
 * of each an equal quantity j reduce 
 < them to a fine Powder, and in- 
 
 left Foot of the Horfeman upon the 
 left Stirrup. 
 
 M O N E Y-W O R T. 
 
 Mof^ey-zvcrr,ov Herb Iwj Pence, 
 is good to flop Lasks and Bloody 
 Fluxes, Haemorrhages either inward 
 or outward, and for all Wounds in- 
 ward or outward. 
 
 MOON-EYES. 
 
 Thofe Horfes are called Moon- 
 
 corporate them with the Peftle m 
 
 the Mortar, with a fufficient quan- 
 tity of the beft. Vinegar, pouring \n 
 
 the Vinegar by degrees, till they 
 
 are well made into a Mafs : Then 
 
 make it up into Pills, weighing, eyed^ Moon-blind, or Lunat'uk^ that 
 
 when they have been dry'd on a " 
 
 Sieve, 3 ounces the 2 Pills, or 
 
 better.' Give th.e Horfe 2 of thefe 
 pills in a pint of Wine or Beer • 
 then give him 2 Pills more an hour 
 after, and a little after give him 2 
 Pills more the third time. And half 
 an hour after give him the following 
 Clyfter : 
 
 ' Take 2 ounces of the ScorU of 
 
 * Liver cf Antimony finely powder- 
 ' ed, and boil it in 5 pints of Beer 
 
 * or Whey^ taking it off from the 
 
 * Fire after it has had 2 or 3 brisk 
 ' Wambles, and put in a quarter of 
 
 * a pound o^ frejlo Butter. 
 The laft prefcribed Method of 
 
 Cure is generally attended with Suc- 
 ct[Sj if feafonably begun. 
 
 Another Author fays, that the 
 Molten Greafe being for the mofl 
 part only the Concomitant of every 
 large Scowring, the Symptom does 
 generally vi'ear off in the Procefs of 
 the Difiemper, and requ'res no par- 
 ticular Management different from 
 what is prefcrib'd for the third fort 
 ofLask or Lax, which fee. 
 MONKS RHUBARB. See RHU- 
 BARB. 
 MONTOIR. 
 
 This Word fetches its Original 
 from Italy^ where the Riding-maf- 
 ters mount their Horfes from a 
 Stone as high as the Siirrups, with- 
 out putting their Foot into the Siir- 
 rup. Trie Word is ufed in France 
 to fignify the Poife cr Reft of the 
 
 have a Weaknefs in their Eyes that 
 encreafes or decreafes according to 
 the Couife of the xMoon ; fo that 
 in the Wane of the Moon their Eyes 
 are nr.uddy and troubled ; but clear 
 up at the New of the Moon : Such 
 Horfes are in danger of lofing their 
 Eye-fight. 
 
 The before-mentioned Defcn'p- 
 tion of this Imperfedlion is difap- 
 proved by a la^e Author, tho Sotley- 
 fel feems to give into this Opinion, 
 and fays, that the Eyes offuch Hor- 
 fes that are troubled v;ith this DlC- 
 temper are darkened with a Rheum 
 at certain times of the Moon, where- 
 as at other times they appear fo bright 
 that you would conclude they were 
 perfectly found ; and thn fome en- 
 joy an Interval of 6 Months, and 
 others are troubled with a Return of 
 this Diftemper once in 5 Month?, 
 and fome grow Lunatick every two 
 Months, 
 
 Some account it of much the fame 
 Nature with that InSrmi:y which is 
 CallM the Epiphora in Men, which 
 it refemb!es both in its Sign, Caufe, 
 and EfFefts •, excepting that it is 
 often more fatal to the Sight of 
 Horfes tnan Men, by reafon of the 
 dependent Pofition of their Heads, 
 by which the Humours have a 
 ftronger Tendency towards the 
 Eyes. 
 
 The Infirmity proceeds from a 
 Defiuxion of Rheum, continu-ng fo 
 long as to occalion an obftinate 
 Stagnation 
 
M O 
 
 Stagnation in the fmall 
 the outermoft Coat of the Eye, cal- 
 led Adnata Tunka^ and a Relaxa- 
 tion of thofe fmall Kernels which 
 have their Situation at the Corners 
 of it \ and then it becomes very hard 
 to be cured, for at length it deftroys 
 the Tranfparency and Clearnefs of 
 
 the Cornea (o as to caufe Blindnefs, 
 
 by the Lentor and Corrofivenefs of 
 the Matter, Horfes vi^hen this hap- 
 pens to them are faid to be Moon- 
 blind. 
 
 This Diftemper does not always 
 go on in a continued Progreffion, 
 but frequently the Rheum dries up 
 Very confiderably ; and in this cafe, 
 if the Humour has not been fo fharp 
 as to corrode the Cornea^ the Eye 
 of the Horfe will look clear and 
 tranfparent again ; but the Parts ha- 
 ving been very much weakened, and 
 the Glands very much relaxed, the 
 Humours will be apt to return upon 
 every little Error in Exercifeor Feed- 
 ing, or by the Sharpnefs of the Air. 
 And thefe Changes and Alterations 
 caufed the antient Farriers to afcribe 
 the Encreafe or Decreafe of the Dif^ 
 temper to the Influence of the 
 Moon. 
 
 The Si^ns. The Eyes will appear 
 hot, fwoUen, and dark, and be af- 
 feded with a continual Rheum and 
 Weeping ; and, as fome obferve, 
 with a continual Yellownefs under 
 the Apple, which is look'd upon as 
 
 ( 330 ) MO 
 
 Arteries of and aftewvards give him the follow- 
 ing Balls. 
 
 ' Take 2 Ounces of the cleareft 
 ' fhining Aloes^ half an ounce of 
 ' Turbith Root finely powdered, Li- 
 ' quorice Powder a quarter of a 
 ' \>o\xn^yD'tagridium 4 drams ; make 
 ' thefe Ingredients up into large 
 ' Balls, with a good quantity of 
 
 * fredi Butter, and give them the 
 
 * Horfe with W^ine to wadi them 
 ' down.' And for a Change you 
 may give him the following Purge ; 
 
 * Take 3 ounces o^ Cream of Tar- 
 
 * tar^ Aloes and '^alap finely pow- 
 ' dered, of each an ounce and half, 
 ' of Diagridium one Dram. Give 
 ' the Horfe this in a quart either of 
 ' Wine, Beer or Ale, not warmed, 
 ' becaufe fome of the Ingredients 
 ' v;ill be apt to run into Lumps if 
 « hot.* 
 
 Or you may make the Aloes^ 
 ^alap^ and Dlagndium into a Pafte, 
 with Powder of Liquorice ^ and a 
 good quantity of frejl) Buttery and 
 difTolve the Cream of Tartar in the 
 Liquor with which it is to be wafhM 
 down, or in fome warm Water af- 
 Walk the 
 
 the fureft Sign. 
 
 It being the con- 
 
 ftant EfFe£l of Heat and Moifture in 
 thofe Parts. 
 
 The Caufe. It proceeds mofl 
 commonly by the Body not having 
 the common Difcharges by the Pores 
 of the Skin and Urine, and by every 
 thing that may caufe a too great Ac- 
 cumulation of the Serum of the 
 Blood, whether occafioned at firil 
 by a Cold, or any othef Caufe. 
 
 The Cure, Firft open the Body 
 of the Horfe by a Cl}fter or two. 
 
 ter it begins to work. 
 Horfe for half an hour, after he has 
 taken this Dofe, and repeat the Dofe 
 twice a Week, or according to the 
 Strength of the Horfe. His Food 
 ought to be fulEcient for the Sup- 
 port of Nature, becaufe Purging 
 wi'il weaken the flrongefl Horfes, 
 but withal it ought to be mode- 
 rate. 
 
 You ought alfo while you follow 
 this Method of internal Applications 
 to wet his Eyes Morning and Night, 
 wi.h one or other of the following 
 Wdters : 
 
 * Take an Ounce of the Lapis 
 ' M:t abtl'is in aGlafs Bottle, with 8 
 
 * Ounces of Water, which when it 
 ' is diirolv'd, being fhaken, will 
 
 * make the Water as white as Milk. 
 
M O ( 33 
 
 •" ' Take an Ounce of Roman-Vi' 
 f triol, and as much Bole-Armoniack, 
 ^ and a quarter of an Ounce of 
 
 * Camphtre ; reduce them to Pow- 
 
 * der together ; fprinkle a quarter 
 
 * of an Ounce of this Powder into a 
 
 * Pound of boiling Water, and ftir 
 ' it well about. Then take it off 
 
 * the Fire, let it (land to fettle ; 
 ' then decant it off very clear by 
 ' Incb'nation. This is an excellent 
 ' Water for either Man or B^afl:, in 
 « all Rheums and Defludions of 
 ' the Eyes.' 
 
 While the Eyes are wetted with 
 one of the foregoing Waters Mor- 
 nings and Evenings, you fhould al- 
 fo bathe them 3 Or 4 times a day 
 with the following Decoftion : 
 
 *■ Take the Leaves of Mallows^ 
 ^ and Marfl)' Mallow i, of each 2 
 
 * Handfuls ; of Red-Kofe-leaves and 
 
 * Flowers of Melilot, of each a 
 
 * Handful ; the Heads of 4 Poppies 
 ^ diced, 4 Ounces of the Seeds of 
 ' Vennigreek ; boil them all in 4 
 ' Quarts of Water to 3. And the 
 ^ Eyes being bathed with this, will 
 
 * very much blunt the Acrimony 
 
 * and fharpnefs of the Serum,'* 
 
 If you alfo boil the fame Ingre- 
 dients with 8 or 10 Crab-Apples, 
 and afterwards pound them in a 
 ftone Mortar, and pulp them thro' a 
 Sieve, and lay them over the Hor- 
 fts Eye, by way of Cataplafm, it 
 will allay the Heat, and put a Check 
 to the flowing in of the Humours. 
 
 It will alfo be proper now and 
 then to touch the Corners of the 
 Horfe's Eyes with a little of the fol- 
 lowing Ointment : 
 
 ' Take half a Pound of frefh 
 
 * Butter, 2 Ounces of white- Wax, 
 
 * an Ounce ofTuty finely prepared, 
 
 * Sugar q{ Lead 4 Drams, oi white 
 
 * Vitriol 2 Drams, and Camphire 4 
 
 * Scruples. Mix them together, and 
 { ma}ce an Ointment.' 
 
 I ) MO 
 
 As foon as the Symptoms begin 
 to abate, let the Horfe be rid mode- 
 rately daily in a fhady Place ; and 
 that Exercife will contribute much to 
 the amending his Ccmftiiution ; but 
 if he be ridden too much in the Sun, 
 or in too ftrong a Light, it will be 
 injurious. 
 
 After thefe Applications have been 
 continued till the Diftemper be con- 
 flderably abated, you may make ufe 
 of outward Things that are com- 
 fortable and ftrengthening to the 
 Parts, tho of more gentle Operation 
 than thofe that were ufed during the 
 Violence of the Diftemper. 
 
 Such as the Deco<flions of Plan- 
 tain, Ked-Kofe-leaves, Ground- Ivy, 
 or their diftill'd Waters ; with the 
 diftiird Waters o^ Eye-bright^ Celan- 
 dine. Chervil^ and the like. 
 
 And if you perceive the leaft To- 
 kens of the return of the Diftemper, 
 add to them a fmall quantity of the 
 vjhite Vitriol^ or the white Troches 
 of Kaficy viz. 4 Drams of Vitriol^ 
 to 8 Ounces of Water, or 2 Drams 
 of the Troches. 
 
 This Method being conftantly fol- 
 lowed, will certainly cure, if they 
 have no natural Defe£l in them, or 
 it has not been too much hurt by 
 the Corrofivenefs of the Humour. 
 
 When this Diftemper proves ob- 
 ftinate, rowel the Horfe near the 
 Eyes \ fome fay at the fide of each 
 Eye, which maybe not amifs, if it 
 be upon the Mufcles on the Fiat of 
 the Cheek-Bone. 
 
 Some make a Seton under th« 
 Poll, by putting a large 3 edged 
 Needle thro' under that Part of the 
 Horfe's Neck, v/here the Mane be- 
 gins. This may be done without 
 Blood, by ufing a ftiarp Iron almoft 
 red hot, and when the Flefti has 
 been pierced, to pafs a large probe 
 Needle thro' it, with a hempen 
 Cord plattedj or a hair One d'pp'd 
 
M O 
 
 ( 33^ ) 
 
 M O 
 
 I 
 
 In Wax or Bafilicon, to follow the 
 Iron. Upon this Cord you muH: 
 every now and then put frefh Oint- 
 ment to keep the Wound running. 
 
 Some take up the Eye- Veins. 
 The beft Method of peiforming this 
 Operation, is the Method that Mr. 
 Solleypll ufed, who did not make 
 an Incifion into the Vein itfelf, but 
 ties it with a wax Thread, which 
 ftops the Communication as effec- 
 tually. 
 
 When all things that are proper 
 to harden and conftringe the glan- 
 ciulous Subftance have been applied 
 without Succefs, and the Excrefcence 
 (which is call'd a Haw) is grown 
 too large to be taken away by any 
 outward Application which would 
 not endanger the Eye, then Cutting 
 will be neceflary. 
 
 The Gutting out the mw. Firft 
 you muft caf\ the Horfe and fecure 
 him {o that he cannot move. Then 
 take a Needle and a wax Thread, 
 and having firft pierc'd the Eye lid 
 below the Griftle v^hich furrounds 
 it, near the 'Corner towards the 
 Kcfe, then the Thread is to be gi- 
 ven to fome Perfon to hold, to keep 
 the Eye-lid open that the Excref- 
 cence may be plainly feen. This 
 being done, the upper Part of the 
 Excrefcence muft be taken hold of 
 with a fine Hook, and drawn up- 
 ward.*;, that all the Parts to which it 
 adheres miy be feen, which \s to be 
 feparated firft above from the Eye- 
 Bail, and then below from the under 
 Eye-lid, by a very fine Inftrumenr. 
 And if the Haw grows pretty far 
 backwards towards the outer Corner 
 of the Eye, then you ought to draw 
 another Thread thro' the under Eye- 
 lid about the middle of it, putting 
 the Needle alfo under the Gnftle, fo 
 that by holding the Eye-lid back, the 
 H?.W may be more eafily feparated. 
 /rd when it has been thus feparated 
 fiom all its Adhefions, it iiiuft be 
 
 cut as near to the inner Corner and 
 Bottom of the Eye, as may be, con- 
 ftantly drying up the Blood and Moif^ 
 ture, with a foft Spunge. 
 
 After the Haw has been cut out, 
 you may wafh the Eye with Red- 
 WinCy or Aqua Vit£, and lay a re- 
 ftringent Charge to it, to prevent a 
 freih Inflammation, which will be 
 apt to follow. 
 
 The reftringent Charge may be 
 made with Vinegar, Bolt-Arrnoniacky 
 6cc. which may be laid over the Eye 
 and Temple. 
 
 Till the Part is come to be in good 
 Temper, you may alfo drop a little 
 Honc^ of Rcfes into the Eye warm, 
 which is proper to bring the Matter 
 to a good Digeftion. 
 
 But if there fhall be never {o little 
 of a frefti Fxcrefcence appear, then 
 you may ufe the Vitriol Water^ or 
 the Solution of Lapis Mirabilis be- 
 fore mentioned, and keep the Eye 
 from the Light. 
 
 MOON-WORT. 
 
 Moon-lVort is good for Wounds 
 inward and outward, to flop inward 
 Bleeding, as broken Veins, bloody 
 Fluxes, (^r. 
 
 MOOR*S-HEAD. 
 
 Moors-Head fignifies the Colour 
 
 of a Roan-Horfe, who befides the 
 
 Mixture or blending of a gray and 
 
 a bay, has a black Head, and black 
 
 Extremities, as the Mane and Tail, 
 
 MO Pv FOUNDING, See COLD. 
 
 MORTIFICATION, See GAN- 
 
 GPvENE. 
 
 FREE MOSS. 
 
 Vree Moffes are aftringent, and 
 more or lefs according to the qua- 
 lity of the Tree they grow on. That 
 of the Oak is very aftringent, and 
 good to ftay Fluxes and inward 
 Bleedings. Mo/s boil'd in Milk with 
 the Powder of Annifeeds, Elecam- 
 pane and Liquorice, is an excellent 
 
 Medicine for a Cough or Cold. 
 
 MO. 
 
M O 
 
 (333) MO 
 
 MOTHER. WORT. 
 
 Mother-Wort is of an aftringent 
 and cleanfinj; Qiiality. It comforts 
 the Heart, provokes Urine, cleanfes 
 the Cheft, and warms and drys up 
 cold Humours \n the Body, 
 MOTION. 
 
 The Motion of a Horfe, fignifies 
 the Freedom of the Motion of the 
 Fore-Legs, when the Horfe bends 
 them much in the Manage. 
 
 Motion alfo fignifies the Liberty 
 of the Adion of the Fore- Hand, 
 when we fay this Horfe has 3 pretty 
 Motion ; v/hen he trots right ou*-, 
 and keeps his Body (Irair, and his 
 Head high, and bends his Fore-Legs 
 handfomely. 
 
 MOUNTAIN FLAX, See FLAX. 
 M O U R A I L L E. 
 
 Is an Inftrument call'd Barnacles^ 
 which is ufually made of Iron, ha- 
 ving 2 Branches joined at one End 
 by a Hinge, but fome are made of 
 Wood, which Farriers ufe to hold a 
 Horfe by the Nofe with, in order to 
 hinder a Horfe from ftruggling and 
 toiling, when any Incifioa is made 
 upon him. 
 MOURNING OF THE CHINE. 
 
 Defcription, This Diftemper cal- 
 led the Mourning of the Chim^ \s 
 by fome call'd the moiji Malady ; 
 and according to the opinion of 
 fome, is a fort of corrupt Diftillation 
 from the Brain. 
 
 The Signs. The Matter that K- 
 fues from the Noftrils, is dark, thin, 
 and reddifh, with little Screaks of 
 Blood in it. 
 
 The Caufe, It proceeds from a 
 Confumption caufed by Cold, whch 
 afterwards grows to a Pofe, then to 
 a Glanders, and laftly to that which 
 is call'd the Mourning of ihe C^nne^ 
 which is the laft degree of the Glan- 
 ders. 
 
 The Cure. ' Take Auripigmen- 
 • turn and Tujfilagim, made into 
 2. 
 
 * powder, of each 2 Dram% mix 
 
 * them with Turpentine^ till they 
 
 * become a Parte ; make them into 
 '^ Cakes, dry them before the Fire 5 
 
 * lay one or two upon a chafing 
 < Difh of Codls, fetting a Funnel 
 
 * over them, fo that the Smoke 
 
 * may go up into the Noflrils of the 
 
 * Horfe, and afterwards ride him 
 ' till he fweats. Do this every day 
 
 * in the Morning before you water 
 
 * him, till the running at his Nofe 
 
 * ceafes, and the Kernels under his 
 ' Chaps are ^rown lefs. Or, 
 
 ' Fill a Pot full of the middle 
 ' green Bark of an Elder-tree^ thac 
 « grows by the Water-fide, then fill 
 
 * up the Pot with running Water, 
 ' boil it till half is wafted, then fill 
 
 * it up again, and boil it as before ; 
 
 * repeat this 3 feveral times, and 
 
 * when it has the laft time boil'd 
 
 * till one half is wafted, take it 
 ' ofFand ftrain it thro' a linen Cloth, 
 
 * and then add part either of Oil of 
 
 * Oats^ Olive Oil, Hogs Oreafs or 
 
 * frejl) Butter^ to the Decoction. 
 
 * Then having warmed it, give 
 ' the Horfe faftin^ a Quart of it j 
 ' one Hornful at his Mouth, and a- 
 
 * nother at the Noftril, at which he 
 ' cafts out moft Matter. Let his 
 ' Body have a good Fridion, and 
 ' his Head a good Bathe. Let his 
 ' Diet be foc'den B.irley and fweec 
 ' Hay, and his Drink warm Water 
 ' and Mafties. And if it be in the 
 ' fummer Time, you may let him 
 
 run at grafs.* 
 See Glanders the laft degree. 
 
 MOUSE-EAR. 
 Monfe-Ear is of an aftringent 
 Quality ,• it is good againft the Yel- 
 lows, ftops Hemorrhages inward 
 or outward. The Juice of it is 
 good to ftop the fpreading of Can- 
 kers and Ulcers. 
 
 MOUTH. 
 
M U 
 
 MOUTH. 
 
 The Obedience and Compliance 
 of a Horfe, is owing partly to the 
 tender or quick Senfe of his Mouth, 
 which makes him afraid of being 
 hurt by the Bit ; and partly to the 
 natural Difpofition of his Members, 
 and his own Inclination to obey. 
 
 A fine, tender, light or loyal 
 Mouth } a Horfe is faid to have fuch 
 a one, if he ftops when the Horfe- 
 man does but bend his Body back- 
 wards, and raife his Hand, without 
 flaying for the pull or check of the 
 Bridie. ^ 
 
 A falfe Mouthy is a Mouth that 
 is not at all fenfible, tho the Parts 
 may look well, and may be well 
 form'd. 
 
 A fixed or certain Mouthy is 
 when a Horfe does not check or 
 beat upon the Hand. 
 
 A Mouth oj a full Appui, is one 
 which has not the nice Senfe of 
 fbme fine Mouths ; but neverthe- 
 lefs has a fix'd and certain reft upon 
 the Hand, and fufFers a Hand that 
 isfomething hard, without checking 
 or beating upon the Hand, without 
 bearing down or refifting the Bit ; 
 fo that he will bear a Jerk of the 
 Bridle, without being much moved. 
 
 The general Qualifications of a 
 good Mouth, are to have the feel- 
 ing equal, firm and gentle, the Stop 
 eafy and firm, to have neither Swel- 
 ling, Hurt nor Bruife ; to have ihe 
 inward Parts of his Mouth frefh and 
 full of Froth. This Froth is a Sign 
 of the right Conftitution of a Horfe ; 
 for his Mouth being always moift, 
 he will not over-heat fo eafily, and 
 it is a fign he delights in the Bi^, 
 becaufe it makes his Mouth froth, 
 and thereby gives him Pleafure. 
 MUGWO RT. 
 
 Mu^wort is an Herb of an open- 
 ing and difcudive Quality, and there- 
 fore is good in Baths and Fomenta^ 
 lions, fot Legs decayed, titM and 
 
 334 ) M U 
 
 ftifF. Al/b it is good to expel 
 dead Foal. 
 
 the 
 
 IN 
 
 MULES, See KIB'D HEELS, 
 LETTER K. 
 MUNDlFICATION\ 
 Mundijication fi^nifies a making 
 clean, or cleanfing of any Body. 
 MURRAIN. 
 The Signs, A Horfe will hang 
 down his Head, and will have much 
 Gummy thick Water drop from his 
 Eyes, as big as the End of a Finger, 
 and will go weakly and ftaggering : 
 oftentimes the Head will fwell very 
 big, and he will fall away in his Flefh 
 on a fudden, altho he eats his Meat 
 very well 4 
 
 The Cure* ' Boil Wormwood 
 and Ked-Sage^ of each a Handful, 
 Diapente, Dialphera^ London 
 Treacle, MithridAte^ Rhubarb^ 
 and Saffron^ of each the Quan- 
 tity of an Hazel Nut, and 2 
 Cloves of Garlicl^y in a Quart 
 of good Beer till it comes to a 
 Pint and a half, and give it the 
 Horfe fafting lukewarm, and af- 
 terwards a Mafh fome time after. 
 Give him warm Water for a 
 Week, and fometimes burften 
 Oats, and now and then a little 
 clean fweet Hay. The Sweating, 
 performs the Cure. If one Do(e 
 be not fufficienr, give him another 
 3 Days after.' 
 
 MUSCLE. 
 A Mufcle of the Body, is a Bundle 
 of thin and parallel Plates of flefhy 
 Threads or Fibres, enclofed in one 
 common Membrane. The Mufcles 
 move the Parts of the Body. 
 M U S T A R D • S E E D. 
 Mufiard-Seed cleanfes the Blood, 
 ftrengthens the Stomach, is fingu- 
 larly ufeful in all thole Diforders 
 which arife from too much Humi- 
 dity ; it is a great Strengthner of 
 the Stomach, and a Deftroyer o? 
 tbofe Vifcidities that eaufe DiforJers 
 in ihe Nerves^ and \inn^ on Ver- 
 
N A 
 
 (3 
 
 ficroes, and the Staggers. It is alfo 
 ufeful in all Difordcrs pf the Lungs, 
 Dropfys and Obftruftions in the 
 urinary Paflages, and loofens the 
 Belly ; and being ufed in outward 
 Applications, removes aching Pains 
 in the nervous and fenfible Parts; 
 refifts Poifon. 
 
 MaTTON-SliJET. 
 
 Mutton-Suet is accounted not fo 
 penetrating as Deer s- Suet, but in o- 
 ther. Refpefis differs very little from 
 if* It is chiefly ufed in Plafters and 
 other external Applications. 
 MUZZLE. 
 
 The ufe of a Muzzle ^ is to keep 
 a Horfe from eating up his Litter, 
 or any thing that you do not give 
 him to eat, or gnawing Mud, Mud- 
 walls, Boards, CT'c. Some of them 
 are made of Leather, and ftamped 
 full of Holes or elfe clofe ; but they 
 areunfavouiy and unwholfome,and 
 indeed all Leather is unpleafant : 
 and befides, they being too clofe, 
 are too hot. And if the Leather be 
 alumed, the Alum is offenfive, and 
 if it be greas'd, the Greafe is as un- 
 pleafant, and they both make a 
 Horfe fick, make him forbear reft, 
 and retain his Dung longer in his 
 Body th.^n he would otherwife do. 
 
 The beft Muzz'e for the Summer- 
 lime, is the Net-Muzzle, which is 
 made of ftrong Packthread, knit 
 very thick, and with fmall Mafhes at 
 the bottom, growing wider and wi- 
 der up to the middle of the Horfe's 
 
 35 ) N A 
 
 'Head, and then are bound about 
 the Top with ftrong Tape, having 
 a Loop upon the near Side, and a 
 long String of Tape on the far Side, 
 to be faftened to the Head of the 
 Horfe. 
 
 The beft Muzzle for >5^inter- 
 time, is that which is made of ftrong 
 double Canvas, with a round bot- 
 tom, and a fquare lattice Window 
 of fmall Tape before both the Nof- 
 trils ; having alfo a Loop and a 
 String to faften it about the Head of 
 the Horfe. 
 
 MYRRH. 
 
 Myrrh is a fovereign Remedy, 
 warm and bitterilh, and is there- 
 fore very good in all Diforders of 
 the Stomach, and in moft inward 
 Sickneffes and Foulnefles, which 
 caufe Eruptions in the Skin, as the 
 Farc'wy Mange^ dec. It congluti- 
 nates, binds and cleanfes Wounds, 
 incarnates them. It is of an excel- 
 lent VCq in intermitting Fevers, 
 and Diforders of the Breaft, Reins, 
 and Bladder. The Tinfture of 
 Myrrh ^ either ufed by itfelf, or 
 with Aloes, is very ferviceable ia 
 all outward Applications, where 
 Bones or Sinews are foul. 
 
 MYRTLE-BERRYS. 
 
 MsrtieScrrys are of a rough and 
 aftringenc Qiiality, and therefore 
 very good in all Loofenefles and 
 Hsemorrhages, and alfo to loofea 
 ill Humours. 
 
 eo;5QO^os^csc^a^::^^x5Q^i^'>^c^.^ 
 
 N. 
 
 N 
 
 NAG. 
 AG is z. Horfe of a fmall, 
 low Size. 
 
 NAILS. 
 
 Street Nails, This is a common 
 
 Expreft^on, as. Tour Horfe has got 
 a Street Nail ; denoting a Wound 
 received by a Horfe in the Street, by 
 treading upon a Nail, fticking or 
 lying with the Point upwards, which 
 Tome- 
 
N A 
 
 ( 3 
 
 fometimes runs thro* the Sole, and 
 reaches to the Coffin-bone, and 
 lames the HoiTe. 
 
 Nails cf the Bridle Hand, The 
 different Pofition of ihe Nails of the 
 left Hand of the Horfeman, gives to 
 the HoiTe a Faculty of changing 
 Hands, and forming his Departure 
 and Stop, by reafon that the Mo- 
 tion of the Bridle follows the Pofi- 
 tion of the Nails. 
 
 To turn a Horfe to the right the 
 Kails muft be turned upwards, by 
 moving the left Hand to the right. 
 To give a Horfe the Head the Nails 
 muft be turned downwards. To 
 change to the left, the Nails muft 
 be turned downwards, and fo to 
 bear to the left. To flop a Horfe 
 the Nails muft be turned upwards, 
 and the Hand raifed or lifted up. 
 NARCOTICKS. 
 
 Narcoiicl^i are Medicines that 
 caufe Reft and Sleep, and are alfo 
 accounted Strengtheners 5 not fb 
 much from the manner of their O- 
 peration as their Eft'eds, For tho 
 J^arcotkks, or Ofiate!^ do neither 
 add any thing to the Blood that can 
 have any fuch Effed as the Aggluti- 
 iiants have •, nor do they draw up 
 the Fibres to a better Tone, as Af- 
 tringents do, nor dry up fuperflu- 
 ous Moifture as the Abforbents do ; 
 yet they add to the Strength and 
 Vigor of the Solids, by giving a 
 Check to the inordinate Sallies of 
 the Blood and Spirits, by compo- 
 iing the Body to Reft. 
 
 NARRO W. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to narrow, when 
 he does not take Ground enough, 
 and does not bear far enough out 
 to the one hand or to the other, 
 NARROW HEELS, See 
 HEELS. 
 N A TURAL FACULTY. 
 
 Natural Faculty h that Power 
 arifing from the Circulation of the 
 
 36 ; N A 
 
 Blood, which is confpicuous in all 
 the Secretions which are performed 
 within the Body, that Secretion a- 
 lone excepted, which is made at the 
 
 Origin of the Nerves. 
 
 "n o n-n a t u r a l s. 
 
 The Non-Naturals are fix : Afr, 
 Meat and Drink, Sleep, Watching, 
 Motion and Reft, Retention and 
 Excretion, and the Paflions of the 
 Mind. 
 
 THE NATURE OF HORSES 
 IN THE GENERAL. 
 
 A Horfe is a Creature by Nature 
 valiant, ftrong and nimble, and of 
 all other Beafts the moft apt and 
 able to endure the moft extreme 
 Labour ; the quality of his Com- 
 pofition being fo moift, that ex- 
 treme Heat will dry up his Strength, 
 and extreme Cold freeze the warm 
 Temper of his Spirits. He is gen- 
 tle and loving to Mankind, docile, 
 and when an Impreftion is fix'd in 
 his Brain, not apt to be forgetful. 
 He is wakeful above moft other 
 Beafts, and will go thro' his La- 
 bour with a moft empty Stomach, 
 He is naturally cleanly, and of a 
 grateful Scent, and fo not apt to 
 be offenfive to any by his ill Sa- 
 vour. 
 
 NAVELGALL. 
 
 A Navel Gall is a Bruife on the 
 Top of the Chine of the Back, be- 
 hind the Saddle, right againft the 
 Navel. 
 
 The Caufe, It is occafioned ei- 
 ther by the Saddle being fplit be- 
 hind, or the Stuffing being wanting, 
 or by the crupper Buckle fitting 
 down in that Place, or fome hard 
 Weight or Knobs lying direftly 
 behind the Saddle. 
 
 It feems fometimes like a harden- 
 ed brown Jelly, and fometimes 
 black and mortified, and if it be 
 negleded, turns to a foul fungous 
 Excrefcence, and fometimes after 
 
 long 
 
N E (3 
 
 long Continuance to a finuous and 
 fiftuious Ulcer. 
 
 The Cure* * If the Skin be not 
 < broken^ Dab it with £ra;z^)f, and 
 
 * in a few times it will take down 
 
 * the Swelling ; Or Oil o^ Turpentine 
 
 * will do the like. If the Skin be 
 
 * broke, boil as much powdered 
 
 * Verdegreafe as half the quantity of 
 
 * a Nutmeg, in a quarter of a Pint 
 
 * o{ Train-oil, and anoint it with it, 
 ' Or you may add 2 or 3 Spoon- 
 
 * fuls of the Ointment of AlarfJj- 
 
 * Mallowsy boiling them together j 
 
 * or if it be old done and hard, cut 
 
 * out the Crufh, and fear the Wound 
 ' within, with a hot Iron, and ha- 
 ' ving dipp'd Cotton in the green 
 
 * Ointment, put it into the Wound. 
 Others dired, That if there be 
 
 Moifture and Senfibility in the Part, 
 ' To take 4 Ounces of Turpentine^ 
 
 * and 2 OuncQS of Q^ick/ilvery (or 
 
 * any lefler Quantity to that Propor- 
 
 * tion) and having incorporated 
 
 * them very well by rubbing in a 
 
 * Mortar, to fpread them on 
 
 * Kurds or Flax, and to lay 
 
 * fiiiooth dry Pledgets of Hurds, or 
 
 * Bolfters of flaxen Cloth over the 
 ' Swelling, on each (ide of the 
 
 * Spine, and to gird them on with a 
 ' Surcingle.* 
 
 But if the Part be dead and life- 
 iefs, to cut it to the Quick, and af- 
 terwards to drefs it, as direded lor 
 thedrefling of Wounds. 
 
 NAVEL- WORT. 
 
 Navel or Penny.wort^ cools, re- 
 pels, fcours and waftes ill Humours. 
 NECK. 
 
 The Nec\ of a Horfe (bould be 
 lean, and have but little Elefh upon 
 it J and to be well fhap'd, it fliould 
 rife with a Slope upwards, at the 
 outgoing from the Withers, dimi- 
 nilhing gradually towards the Head, 
 and framing very near fuch a Com- 
 pafs or Turn as the Neck of a Swan 
 ^oes. U (hould be long, raifed. 
 
 37 ) 
 
 N E 
 
 lean and thin towards the Mane, arid 
 the whole Neck confidered in the 
 Bulk, fhould neither be too flender, 
 nor too much turned 5 bccaufe either 
 of thefe 2 Extremes will give the 
 Horfe occafion to arm himfelf, or 
 reft his Chin upon his Counter. 
 
 Of a Horfe whofe Neck is char- 
 ged with Flefh^ they fay he is a Cock 
 throppled Horfe, a falfe Neck, a 
 thick Neck. 
 
 A Alares Neck is a Term ufed of 
 the Neck of a Horfe that is too flen- 
 der and fine, having but little Flefti 
 upon it. 
 NEEZING, OR SNEEZING. 
 
 Needing is a manner of purgng 
 a Horfe's Head, ;. e. by cmfing him 
 to fneeze or fnort violently at the 
 Nofe, and to c^ft out all filthy and 
 grofs Matter, which othervvife wou'd 
 offend and oppiefs the Brain. This 
 Neezing is efF.fted by divers ways g 
 By Fumes or Smoaks, Powders, 
 Oil?, err. The fharpnefs of which, 
 tickle the tender and quick Parts of 
 the Head, and caafe this Needing, 
 
 This manner of Purgation is very 
 wholefome, fir it both cleanfes and 
 feparates grofs Matter, and com- 
 forts and ftrengthens the Bra-n. 
 
 As Garlick Stalks broken inro 
 Pieces, and Frankincenfe on a cha- 
 fing Difh of Coals, fet under the 
 Horfe's Noftiils ; Od of Bay, Ett- 
 phorbium and White Hdlebore, a- 
 nointing Feathers therewith, and 
 thruft up into the Horfe *s Noftrils ; 
 and abundance of other things that 
 are good againft various Diftempers 
 of the Head. 
 
 There are abundance of Thfngj 
 that produce this EfFed 5 as the ftale 
 Uiine of a Man, or the Urine of ati 
 Ox that has had much ref^, being 
 fquirted up a Horfe 's Nofe : The 
 Powder of Gum Dragant, Eufeus 
 and Damask Rofes, mix'd and 
 blowu up his Noftrils with a Quill, 
 
 Z NEIGH- 
 
N E ( 338 ) 
 
 NEIGHING. 
 
 Neighing is the Cry of a Horfe, 
 If you are upon any Expedition that 
 you would not have your Horfe to 
 neigh or make a Noife ; then tie a 
 L'ft of woolen Cloih in many Folds 
 about his Tongue, and he will nei- 
 ther neigh nor nnake any exiraordi- 
 nary Noife with his Voice. Pro" 
 batum efi, 
 
 NETTLES. 
 
 Nettles are good to provoke tJ- 
 rine 5 the Juice is good to cleanfe 
 Sores and Wounds, fuch as are fret- 
 ting and corroding ; accounted to 
 be peculiarly efficacious in removing 
 the Narcotick EfFe£ls of Hemlock and 
 Henbane, and on that account are 
 very ferviceable for Horfes who 
 have eaten thofe Herbs to their hurt. 
 They are alfo of good ufe in {pop- 
 ping Hitmorrhages, and in particu- 
 lar bloody Urine. Some apply Net- 
 tles ftamped to the Eyes, to take off 
 Specks and Films ; but they do not 
 otten fucceed in thofe Intentions* 
 
 N E P. 5^e C A T - M I N T. 
 NEPHRITICKS- 
 
 N I 
 
 Are Medicines good againll the 
 Gravel or Stone in the Kidneys, by 
 their power in diflolving or breaking 
 their Hony Concretions in ihofe 
 Parts. 
 
 NE RVE. 
 
 A Nerve is a long and fmall Bun- 
 dle of very fine Pipes or hollow Fi- 
 bres, wrapt up in the Vkra and 
 4^. a Mater : the laft of which does 
 not Qr.)y cover them all in common, 
 bu: nlfo cndcfes every Fibre in par- 
 ticular* The beginning of all the 
 Nerves is the medullary Subftance 
 Oi tiie Brain, ant^ it is probable that 
 every Fibre of the Nerves, anfwers 
 to every Part of the Brain at one 
 End, and to a particular Part of the 
 Boriy ics other End, that whenever 
 an impreflion is made upon fuch a 
 3?aft ot the Bi-ain^ the Soi^i oiay 
 
 know that fuch a Part of the Body 
 is affefted. 
 
 The Nerves alfo ordinarily accom- 
 pany the Arerties thro' the whole Bo- 
 dy, that the animal Spirit may be kept 
 warm, and in Motion, by the con- 
 tinual Heat and Pulfe of the Arteries. 
 
 They have alfo their Blood-vef- 
 fels as the other Parts of the Body 
 have, Thefe Blood- veflels are not 
 only fpread upon their Coats, but 
 they run almoft among their medul- 
 lary Fibres, as is viflble among 
 the Fibres of the Retina, 
 
 NIGHT-MARE. 
 
 This as fome Authors defcribe, h 
 Is an Infirmity that affefts a Horfc 
 only in the Night-time ; which fa 
 violently ftops the drawing of hij 
 Breath, that his ftruggling and ftri- 
 ving will throw him into a great 
 Sweat, and make him faint. 
 
 The Signs, Some direft to ob- 
 ferve the Horfe in the Morning, 
 whether he fweats in the Flanks. 
 Neck and (hort Ribs, which if h« 
 does, you may be fure he has it. 
 
 The Caufe, Some think it pro* 
 ceeds from a continual Crudity, ot 
 raw Digeftion of the Stomach ; 
 from whence grofs Vapours afcend 
 up into the Head, and opprefs not 
 only the Brain, but all the fenfitiye 
 Parts alfo. 
 
 Others are of opinion it is an 
 Infirmity of the Stomach, and in- 
 ward Bowels, which being cloy'd 
 with much Glut and Fat, hinders (in 
 the Night-time) the Spirits and Pow- 
 ers from performing their natural 
 Office ; fo that the Beaft by the 
 ftoppage of his Breath, being as it 
 were ftrangled by ftruggling in his 
 Sleep, puts his Body into a violent 
 Swear, and by that means grows 
 faint. 
 
 Others are of opinion, that it \i 
 
 an ordinary Infirmity engendred by 
 
 fuperfluity gf Cold, grofs and un- 
 
 wholfomo 
 
N I 
 
 ( 339 ) 
 
 N I 
 
 l^holfome Food got in the Wmccr- 
 feafon, which Nature thro' the Help 
 of warm Clothes, and a warm 
 Houfe, does expel in the manner 
 before defcribed. 
 
 The Cure, ' Give the Horfe 
 
 * moderate Exercife Morning and 
 
 * Evening, both before and after 
 
 * his watering, and gallop him 
 
 * gently on the hand; for a good 
 
 * while after he has been watered. 
 
 ' When you bring him into the 
 
 * Houfe, rub him well down^ and 
 
 * give him fome Oats, wirh a 
 
 * Handful of Hempfeed mix'd with 
 
 * it.» 
 
 But you muft not make the Horfe 
 fweat in his Exercife. This Exer- 
 cife you need not ufe longer than 
 you find the Horfe fweats in the 
 Night-tim.e. This Medicine and 
 Exercife will nor only cure the 
 Night- Mare, but alfo any Cold 
 ftewly gotten. 
 
 Another, 
 
 Others dire<n: to give the Horfe 
 the following purging Pill : 
 
 ' Tike Tar ^ndfzueet Butter^ of 
 
 * each 3 Spoonfuls ; pound them 
 
 * well in a Mortar with Powder of 
 
 * Liquorice^ Annifeeds and Sugar- 
 
 * Candy, till it comes to a Parte, 
 ' then make it into g round Balls, 
 ' and put into each Ball 2 or 3 
 
 * Cloves of Garlicky and give them 
 ' to the Horfe j keep him warm 
 
 * both before and after, and alfo 
 
 * fafting 2 or 3 Hours before^ and 
 
 * as many after.* 
 
 This Medicine (a certain Author 
 fays) will alfo cure the falling Evil, 
 a Horfe that is Planet-ftruck^ or the 
 t^alfey : which, the they appear 
 with feveral Faces, are ill Nature 
 all one, and proceed from the fame 
 Caufe ; which is only cold Phlegm, 
 thick Humours ingendred about the 
 Brain, benumming the Senfes, and 
 
 weakening the Members ; fome- 
 times opprelling the Stomach of the 
 Horfe, and making him (v^^^^it in 
 his Sleep, and then it \s called the 
 Night-Mare ; fometimes caufing the 
 Horfe to fall down, and then^'t is 
 call'd the fulling Evil-, fometimes 
 weakening but one Member only, 
 and then the Horfe is faid to be 
 PUnet'ftriick ; and fometimes it 
 fpoils one fpecial Member by fome 
 ftrange Contraction, and then it is 
 cali'd Palfiy, 
 
 Another Remedy, 
 ' Put a Handful of Salt^ and a 
 ^ quarter of a pound of brown Sx- 
 
 * gar-candy into a Pint of Sallet* 
 ' Od^ mix them well, warm them 
 ' on the Fire^ and give it the Horfe 
 
 * for 2 Mornings fuccelTively, and 
 ' it will cure him. If the Horfe 
 ' has Strength, bleed and pur^e 
 ' him.' "^ "" 
 
 NIGHT-SHADE, 
 
 Common Night-Shade \s good td 
 cool Inflammations inward or out- 
 ward, and there is no danger in the 
 ufing it, as in other Ni;;ht-Shades$ 
 It is alfo good for corroding Ulcers 
 and Fidulas ; and a Cloth wet lA 
 the Juice and applied to a Swelling 
 will take it down. 
 
 NIPPERS. 
 
 The Nippers are 4 Teeth xrS. ths 
 Fore-part of a Horfe's Mouth j 
 two in the upper and two in the low- 
 er Jaw. 
 
 The Horfe puts them forth be- 
 tween the fecond and third Year* 
 NITRE. 
 
 Nitre or Salt Petre, is either fijc* 
 trafted out of the Earth, of 
 found in Clefts and Caverns undeir 
 Ground, aud in Cellars or Vaults 
 between the joinings of the Stones 
 or Bricks. 
 
 We have the greateA Quantities 
 from the Ea I}- Indies, 
 
 Z 2 ti 
 
N O 
 
 C 340 ) 
 
 N U 
 
 It is fuppofed to be compofed of 
 fix'd, volatile, nitrous and aerial 
 Sairs, in equal Qiiantities ; for which 
 re^fon ic is very cooling and diure- 
 tick. 
 
 NOSE- BAND. 
 
 A Nofj-hand is the Part of a 
 Head (1^1 ; of.! Bridle that comes over 
 a Hor fe's Nofe. 
 ELEEDING AT THE NOSE. 
 
 Young Horfes are moft fubjed to 
 this Infirmity. 
 
 The Caufs. It proceeds frequent- 
 ly from the abounding of Blood, or 
 bccaufe the Vein which endeth in 
 that Place, is either broken, fretted 
 or opened. 
 
 The Cur?. * Squ'rt the Juice of 
 
 * the Roots of Kettles, up the Nof- 
 ^ trils of the Horfe, and lay a Wad 
 ' of Hay dip'd in cold Water on the 
 « Nape oFihe Neck of the Horfe, and 
 
 * when it grows vvArin, apply ano* 
 ' ther cold one. Or, 
 
 < Put a quarter of a Pound of 
 
 * Bole-Armon'mch. into a Pint of 
 ' Red Wine, made lukewarm, and 
 
 * pour one half into the Noftril that 
 
 < bleeds, and hold the Horfe's Head 
 ' up that the Wine may not come 
 « out, and give him the other half 
 
 * the next Morning, after the fame 
 
 * manner. Or, 
 
 * Bleed the Kovfe on the Breaft- 
 
 * Vein, on that fide that he bleeds 
 
 * at the Nofe ; Then take an Ounce 
 
 * of Irankincenfe^ and half an Ounce 
 ' o^ Aloes \ reduce them to a fine 
 
 * Powder, and mix them well with 
 « the Whites of 3 Eggs, to the 
 c Confiftence of Honey, and thruft 
 fi it up the Horfe's Noftrils with foft 
 
 * Hair, and fill the Hole full of 
 
 < Adies, Dung, either Hogs or Hor« 
 
 « fes Dung, mix'd with Chalk and 
 « Vinegar, Or, 
 
 ' Garter the Horfe with 2 Whip- 
 ' Cords exceeding hard, about 10 
 
 * or 12 Inches above the Knees of 
 « his Fore-Legs, and jufl: beneath 
 ' his Elbows, and then lay Cloths 
 
 * dipt in cold Water, on the Nape 
 < of his Neck, or wet Hay, repeat- 
 
 * ing it feveral times to keep the 
 ^ Part cool, and it will ftanch it 
 
 * foon. This has fucceeded, when 
 « other Remedies have failed,' 
 
 NOSTRILS. 
 
 The lioflnh of a Hotfe fliould be 
 large and extended, that the Vermi- 
 lion or Red that is a little within 
 them, may be perceived ; efpecially 
 when the Horfe fneezeth. The 
 widenefs of the Noftrils does very 
 much contribute to the Eafe of a 
 Horfe in Breathing. For this Rea- 
 fon the Spaniards and others cut 
 up the Noftrils of their Horfes, to 
 facilitate their Breathing. There fs 
 alfo another Advantage that attends 
 ir, that it prevents a Horfe's neigh- 
 ing, which is very convenient fot 
 them that are fent out upon a Party, 
 NUTMEGS. 
 
 "Nutmegs are of great EfEcacy in 
 all Obftrudions of the Nerves ; be- 
 ing great Comforters both of the 
 Head and Stomach, and powerful 
 Expellers of the Wind, and Promo- 
 ters of Urine. 
 
 NUTRITION. 
 
 Nutrition is all that pafTes in the 
 firft Scene from Maftication, to the. 
 Entry of the Chy.'e into the Blood, 
 And alfo the Appofition of new 
 Parts, in the place or ftead of thofe 
 Parts that are worn off by Aclion. 
 
 O. O A K E N 
 
O A 
 
 ( 341 ) 
 
 O I 
 
 O. 
 
 OAKEN APPLES. 
 
 OAken Apples are hot and pier- 
 cing, and much of the Na- 
 ture of Galls. 
 
 OAK BARK. 
 
 Oak Bark, or Leaves, is of a ve- 
 ry aftringent quality, and the De- 
 coftion of itj by means of its Rough- 
 nefs, is very efficacious in flopping 
 Fluxes or Hemorrhages. The dif- 
 till'd V^aier of the Oaken Buds is 
 good, applyM either inwardly or 
 outwardly, to aflwage Inflamma- 
 tions. Acorns provoke Urine, and 
 expel Poifon. The Steams of it 
 are very ferviceable in reuniting 
 Wounds, and in drying up the 
 Moifture of Ulcers. The Powder is 
 accounted good for Agues and inter- 
 mitting Fevers. The Water found 
 in hollow Oaks is good to anoint 
 foul Scabs. 
 
 OATS. 
 
 The whiteft and heaviefl Oats are 
 the beft ; ihofe that are called Polo- 
 nian Oats, or cut Oats, for thofe 
 only are wholefome : Thofe which 
 are unfweet breed Diftempers, thofe 
 which are moift caufe Swellings, 
 thofe which are new breed Worms, 
 and fuch as are but half drefs'd de- 
 ceive the Stomach. Black Oats may 
 be made fhift with in a time of Scar- 
 city ; but they make foul Dung, and 
 fo prevent the State of a Korfe's 
 Body from being known. 
 
 TO MAKE OIL OF OATS. 
 
 ' Warm 4 Gallons of Milk on 
 
 * the Fire, and put to it half a pound 
 
 * of burnt Alum, which will turn it 
 
 * to Curds ; then take ofFthe Curds 
 ^ and ftrain it, and put into the 
 
 * Whey half a peck of clean husk- 
 
 * ed Oats, that have not been dry- 
 
 * ed, and fet the Whey over the 
 ' Fire till the Oatsburft and become 
 
 * foft j then pouF/them into a Co- 
 
 * lander, to drain the Whey from 
 ^ them, and afterwards fry them m 
 ' a Frying-pan, keeping them con- 
 ' ftantly ftirring, till a Smoke or 
 ' Vapour afcends from them, and 
 
 * as it were they run about the Pan, 
 ' Then take them off and put them 
 ' into a Prefs, and prefs them very 
 
 * hard, and what comes from them 
 ' is the Oil, which is to be kept in 
 ' a Glafs Vial. 
 
 This Oil is the moft excellent and 
 fovereign of a'l Simples and Medi- 
 cines for a Horfe's Body, being ex- 
 tracted from the moft natural, whol- 
 fome, and beft of his Food. 
 
 Four or 5 Spoonfuls of this Oil in 
 a Pint of fweet Wine, or a Q^ia;t 
 of flrong Ale, being given the Horfe, 
 and fome of the Whey being pour- 
 ed into his Noftrils, will cure the 
 Glanders better than all other Me- 
 dicines : And being given after the 
 fame Method is the beft of Puiges, 
 carrying oft" all thofe venomous and 
 filthy Humours that feed the moft 
 incurable Farcin. 
 
 OBEY. 
 
 A Horfe \s faid to obey the Hand?, 
 Heels, Aids, or Helps ^ i, e. To 
 know and anfwer them according 
 to Demand. 
 
 OINTMENT. 
 
 * Put a piece of Rcjin, of the 
 
 * Bignefs of 2 Walnuts in a clean 
 ' Skillet, and when it is melted put 
 ' in a piece of IVax of the fame 
 
 * quantity, and when that is melt- 
 
 * ed put in a pound of iry'd Hogs- 
 
 Z 3 * grca^e^ 
 
O I 
 
 C 342 ) 
 
 O I 
 
 * greafe, and when that is melted 
 ' put in 2 Spoonfuls of Honey : 
 * S(ir them all well together, and 
 
 < when they are well melted, put in 
 ( a pound of common Turpentine ; 
 
 < when it is all difTolved take it off 
 « the Fire, put in 2 Ounces of Ver- 
 
 degreafe finely powdered, ftir 
 them well together, and take care 
 that it does not run over, for the 
 Verdegreafe v/ill make it rife. 
 Then (^ti it upon the Fire again 
 till k begins to fimmer, then take 
 it ofFprefently, for if it boils too 
 much it will turn red, and lofe its 
 he;i!ing Virtue, and become cor- 
 rofive ; then ftrain it into an 
 earthen VeHel, and keep it clofc 
 CGvered for ufe. 
 The Virtues, This Ointment 
 cures Sores, old or new Ulcers, Fif- 
 tu'as, Poll-Evil, ere. for it will not 
 fuf^er dead or proud Flefh to grow 
 n?ar the Place where it comes, nor 
 will any Flies come near it. If a 
 Horfe, Mare, <^c, being gelt or 
 fpay'd, be anointed with it, the Flies 
 wid not come near the Place, nor 
 will the Sores fefter or fwell ; but 
 nothing muft be laid on the Sore, 
 as Cloth, Hurds, ^r, 
 
 OINTMENT NAPLES. 
 * Take Realgar and S*blimate^ 
 
 * of each 3 ounces, Arjcnick and 
 
 * Euphorbiumy of each an ounce 
 
 * and a half ; reduce them to a fine 
 ' Powder, and incorporate them 
 
 * without Hear, with 3 quarters of a 
 
 * pound of puie Oil of Bay, and 
 
 * make an Ointment, 
 
 This Ointment is good for the 
 TarciKy WartSy ^iter-hories, and 
 Scratches, and all manner of Ex- 
 Crefcencies. 
 
 This Ointment muft be kept in a 
 gla^^d pot^ and when you ufe it 
 you are to open the Knots or Swel- 
 iinss with a lancet, and having 
 ^ifd a little Cotton imo the Qiiji^ 
 
 menr, put k into the Holes, with* 
 out heating it at all, and if you find 
 it is fallen out the next Day, put in 
 frefh as before. 
 
 THE OINTMENT OF OLDEK^ 
 BURGH. 
 * Put 3 Pounds of common Ho- 
 ' ney into a new well glaz'd Pot, 
 
 * fet it over a very fmall Fire, and as 
 ' foon as it begins to boil take it 
 ' off the Fire, and add of Verde- 
 ' greafe finely powdered 6 ounces, 
 
 * and Vitriol grofly beaten the fame 
 ' Quantity, and incorporate them 
 
 * with th^ Honey ; then put the 
 
 < Pot on a fmall Fire as before, and 
 
 < ftir if well abour, and add 3 oun- 
 ces of Galls very finely powdered. 
 Then take it off the Fire a fecond 
 time, and keep ftirring it for fome 
 time, and put in an ounce and 
 half of Sublimate beaten fine, 
 and ftii- all together till it is cold. 
 
 This is good to dry up the Pains 
 and other watry Humours in the 
 Legs and Patterns, Mules, Rats- 
 Tail?, and oiher watry Sores : But 
 Care muft be taken that it be gently 
 ufed, and not too much where the 
 Tendons and Sinews are bare. 
 
 If it be to be apply 'd to Excref- 
 cencles that are infenfible and dead, 
 it may be made ftronger by adding 
 6 ounces of Aqua fortis, 
 OINTMENT OPPODELDOCK. 
 ' Take the dry Roots of Angeli-^ 
 ca. Long B'lrthvportf Comfry and 
 Marf})-MalloivSy of each 3 oun- 
 ces ; the vulnerary Herbs, viz,. 
 Adder S'Tongue, Colts-Foof, La- 
 dies- Mantle^ Moufe-Eary Peri' 
 wincle^ and Sanicle, of each a 
 handful, the Leaves of Lavender^ 
 Kofemary and Sage^ of each 5 
 handfuls (and if the 3 lafl be in 
 feafon) the Flowers of each 2 
 handfuls, Cumminfeed^ 2 ounces, 
 juniper-berries 4 ounces. Cam' 
 ^h\r^ an ounce^ Cajioreum in 
 ^ powdeJf 
 
O I 
 
 (343 ) 
 
 O I 
 
 f powder an ounce. Stamp the 
 « Roots, and cut the green Herbs, 
 
 < and beat the dry Herbs and Juni- 
 
 * per-berries j throw away the Sralks 
 « and Husks : put them into a Glafs 
 ' Cucurbit, or the lower Part of an 
 
 < A'.embick, and pour upon them 7 
 
 * Pints of reftified Spirit of Wine. 
 
 * Then fit a clofe head to it with- 
 
 * out any opening, fuch as is com- 
 
 * monly ufed in Circulation of Sub- 
 ' dances ; or elfe you may in the 
 
 < ftead of it ufe a Mattrafs, having 
 
 * a long Neck, and large enough to 
 
 * contain all the Ingredients before 
 
 * mentioned, which being put in, 2 
 
 * thirds of it will remain empty. 
 
 * Then having another fmaller Mat- 
 
 * trafs turn it bottom upwards, and 
 
 * put the Neck of the fmaller into 
 ' that of the larger, making a Vef- 
 
 * fel of Rencounter : Lute it well 
 
 * with 2 or 5 Doubles of Paper, 
 
 * dawbed over with the Whites of 
 ' Eggs, and tye it about with Thread. 
 
 * When the Luting is dry fet it into 
 
 * Balneo MarU^ and let it digeft for 
 
 * 10 Hours, fixing the Mattrafs m 
 ' the Middle of the Kettle, with a 
 
 * Lay of Straw under it, fo that it 
 
 * may be 2 Inches from the bottom 
 « of the Kettle.' For the firft 8 
 Hours the Water muft be kept fo 
 hot that you can fcarce endure your 
 Finger in it, and for the 2 laft hours 
 the Heat muft be augmented, but 
 yet not fo much as to make the Wa- 
 ter boil; in the mean time the Di- 
 geftion will be perform'd, and the 
 Spirit of Wine impregnated with 
 the Tindure of the Ingredients, in 
 which their Virtue principally con- 
 fifts, by the Circulation of the Spi- 
 rits raifed by the Heat, which in 
 their afcending and defcending ex- 
 traft the Tinfture. When the Tinc- 
 ture is fufficiently extrafted let it 
 cool, and ftrain it thro' a Linen 
 Cloth, and then pouc ic imo the 
 
 Mattrafs again, and add to it 2 
 pound of fpeckled Cafide Soap, fli- 
 ced very fmall. Fit the Veflel of 
 Rencounter to the Mattrafs, lute it 
 up we!}, and digeft it as before, till 
 the Soap be fo perfeflly mixed with 
 the Spirit, that the whole is come 10 
 the Form of an Ontment. 
 
 This Solleyfell recommends as 
 good for Shoulder-Splaifs, Hip ftiot 
 Horfes, and for Strains, Difloca- 
 lions, and Wrenches in all Pans. 
 
 It is warm and penetrating, and 
 therefore very ferviceable in all old 
 Griefs, efpecially where the Flefti 
 and Sinews are (hrunk. The way 
 of ufing it is to chafe the Pan with 
 a Wifp of Straw, till it grows hot, 
 and then with your Hand to rub the 
 Ointment on the Part till it fink in- 
 to the Skin, laying on freOi Oint- 
 ment 3 or 4 times, and to continue 
 rubbing it all the v/hile. Repeat 
 this once a Day for a Week, and if 
 the Grief be in the Shoulder, rub it 
 over with Spirit of Wine, pouring 
 it on by degrees, till you have ufed 
 half a Pint at every App ication ; 
 keeping continually rubbing, that if 
 any part of the Ointment be upon 
 the Hair it may fink into the Skm. 
 
 After the firft Application of the 
 Ointment, two of the Horfe's Legs 
 muft be bound, a twifted Wifp of 
 Straw being put about each Paf- 
 tern, tying them together with a 
 Cord about half a Foot long, or 
 more, according to the Size of th« 
 Horfe. 
 
 The Ointment before- mentioned 
 may be made with lefs Trouble by 
 putting the Ingredients into a large 
 ftrong Glafs Bottle, that will bear 
 the Heat of Afhes, or hot Sand, and 
 digefting them in the Spirits of 
 Wine i or it may ftand for fome 
 Days near the Fire (and then it vvill 
 be beft to ufe Tariarized Spirits) 
 and forae fay it will be more eiFec- 
 
 tual 
 Z 4 
 
1 ( 344 ) 
 
 O R 
 
 tual If Inftead of one ounce of Cam- 
 phire you put in two. The Tinc- 
 ture being made by Digeftion, as !aft 
 direded, take it away trom the Fire, 
 and fet it in a cold Place to fettle ; 
 then pour it off gently, take out 
 the Ingredients, poui* the Tinfture 
 in again, and put in the Caftile Soap 
 iliced, as before direded. Then fet 
 it again in hot Aflies, or a gentle 
 Sand Heat, till it is well incorpora- 
 ted, and come to the Confidence of 
 9n Ointment. 
 
 OISTERSHELLS. 
 
 The white Infide of O'tjler-fljells, 
 which feme call Mother of Pearl, 
 \s accounted to have the fame Vir- 
 tues as Pearl, and being fcraped off 
 and calcin'd, is prepared as fuch. 
 It is efteem'd as a Cordial, and there- 
 fore oond in Fevers where there h 
 an Acidity and Sharpnefs in the firft 
 Palfjges. They are alfo accounted 
 /ibfoiben'.s, and therefore good in 
 all Dircafes which proceed from too 
 rnuch Moiftnre and Humidity. 
 TO MAKE AN OLD HORSE 
 SEEM YOUNG. 
 
 In order to do this. Jockeys take 
 a fmaii crooked Iron, no larger than 
 a Corn ofWhear, and putting it in- 
 to the Fire make ir red hot, and 
 ^i:h it burn a little Hole in the tops 
 f)f the outmoft Teeth on each fide 
 the nether Chap before, next to the 
 Tu Qies, where the Mark was worn 
 put, and then they pick it with aa 
 Aw'-blade, and make the She!! fine 
 and thin ; then they fcrnpe ail his 
 Teeth white and clean with a Qiarp 
 Scraping-Iron. Having done this, 
 they take a fine Lancet and make a 
 little Hole only thro* the Skin, a- 
 hove ti^.e Hollows of the Eyes or the 
 Korfe which are fiirunk down, and 
 put a Crew or Raven Quill injo the 
 lioles, and blowthem up with Wind, 
 till the Holiownefs be quite filled 
 jjj|>j then thev take out the QuilL and 
 
 lay their Finger on the Hole for a 
 little while, and after that the Wind 
 will keep in. By thefe Methods they 
 will make a Hotfe look as if he 
 was but 6 Years old. 
 
 O L I B A N IT M. 
 
 Olibanum is a fort of Gum much 
 like Maftick, except that it is fome- 
 thing yellowifb, foft, and in larger 
 Grains. It is efteem'd a good Bal- 
 famick, fomething deteriive and 
 cleanfing. 
 
 O N I O N S. 
 
 Onions are very efficacious in 
 cleanfing the urinary Pafiages from 
 Slime and Filth, and tho they are of 
 a pungent and volatile Nature, yet 
 they being fomething oily and fofr, 
 they do by that means become bal- 
 famick and healing, and are very 
 good for Horfes in all Diforders of 
 the Lungs. They are alfo a good 
 Ingredient in Poultices and Difchar? 
 ges to drav/ or difcufs Tumours. 
 OPIUM. 
 
 Opium is the infpiflate Juice of 
 Poppies, which grow very plenti- 
 fully in Turkey, from whence we 
 have moft of it. It is of great ufe 
 in Phyfick, being much ufed in thofe 
 Cafes where there is Pain and Reft- 
 lefnefs : It is alfo good in all Ca- 
 tarrhs and Defluxions, and Lasks, 
 which proceed from an Acrimony 
 and Sharpnefs of the Juices. 
 OPOPONAX. 
 
 Opoponax is a Juice of a yellowifli 
 Colour, and of a Smell fomething 
 fetid, that flows from a Tree when 
 it has been wounded. It is ac- 
 counted a gentle Purger and Scourer 
 of the Glands, but it is moftly made 
 ufe of in Plafters, in which it is a 
 good Drawer and Ripener. 
 ORACH. 
 
 Stinking Orach is opening and 
 difcutient, and is ufeful in iiiany 
 Diforders of the Nerves. 
 
 ORANGES, 
 
O R 
 
 ORANGES. 
 
 The fweet Orange is the fitted: for 
 Food, but the bitter is endued with 
 a Quality that far exceeds the other 
 by an Agreeablenefs to the Sto- 
 mach. Oranges, Lemons, and Ci- 
 trons are clafled together, but the 
 bitter Orange is not fo aftringent as 
 the Lemon and Citron. They are 
 all very proper to moiften an Ar- 
 inan Parte, and to remove a Loath- 
 ing of Food in Horfes. 
 SYRUP OF ORANGES. 
 
 ' Take a quart of the Juice of 
 ' Oranges^ and let it (land till it \s 
 ' fettled; thendiflblveinit 4 pounds 
 
 * of Sugar, with a gentle Heat. It 
 is grateful and cooling, and proper 
 in Drinks for fimple and legitimate 
 Fevers, and to mix with Armans^ 
 to reftore loft Appetite. 
 
 Syrup of Lemons or Citrons is to 
 be made the fame way, and is good 
 in the fame Intentions. 
 ORPIMENT. See ARSENICK . 
 ORPINS. 
 
 Orpins are ufed outwardly to cool 
 the Heat or Inflammation in Hurts 
 or Wounds, and are good for Scalds 
 or Burns. 
 ORRIS, OR FLOWER-DE-LUCE. 
 
 The Florentine Orris is the beft ; 
 it is accounted a good Peroral, and 
 good in all Obftruilions of ihe 
 Lungs. 
 
 SOLLETsElVs ORVIETAN. 
 
 * Take Sage, Rue, Goats-Rue, 
 
 * (or if that cannot be had CtnqfoiL 
 
 * may ferve) and Rofemary, of each 
 ^ a handful ; Carduus Benediclusy 
 ^ Bohemian (or Enilijh) Angelica, 
 
 * Bijiort, Birthzvorr, Dittany of 
 
 * Greet, White or Bafiard Dittany, 
 ' Aromatick Reed, Coftmary, Ga- 
 
 * lengal. Gentian and Fdrjly-feed, of 
 
 * each half an ounce, Bay-lnrries, 
 
 * and juniper-berries, of each a 
 
 * quarter of an ounce, Cinnamon, 
 
 * Cloves and Nutmeg, of each a 
 \ dram and a half, Sealed Earthy 
 
 345) OS 
 
 « prepared with Vinegar, and Old 
 
 ' Treacle, of each half an ounce, 
 ^ Ponder of Vipers 2 ounces, JVal- 
 f w«r5cleans'd and dry'd, andCrMw?^ 
 ' of V/hite Bread dry'd, cf each a 
 ' quarter of a pound. Clarified Ho- 
 ^ ney 3 pound and a half, and make 
 ' an Eieftuary according to Art.' 
 
 Let the Walnuts be fiift choppM, 
 and then beaten with the Bread, af- 
 terwards drain them thro* a Scarce 
 turned upfide down, adding the 
 Powders and other Ingredients, and 
 add the Treacle and Hmey at laft, 
 which will ferve inftead of Leavtn 
 to ferment the reft. 
 
 If 
 
 you 
 
 would make the utmoft 
 
 Improvement of this Medicine, you 
 may add 2 ounces of the Hearts and 
 Livers g^ Vipers to the like Qi-iintity 
 of the Powder of thofe Animals. 
 
 He fays it is an excellent Medi- 
 cine in ail Cafes that require Hear, 
 or at leaft where Heat is not to be 
 avoided. It \s good to ftrengthen 
 a weak Stomach, where there is but 
 little Stomach, or that Horfes quite 
 fcrfake their Meat ; or H ?rfes that 
 have eat a venomous Plant or Ani- 
 mal. That it w-ill raife Horfes that 
 are lean and wafted, and dtftroy 
 Worms that make them pine away. 
 But it muft not be ufed till 3 Months 
 after it be prepared, becaufe it muft 
 ferment fo long before it comes to 
 Perfed:ion. You muft give ft in 
 Wine, and walk the Horfe aiter- 
 wards well clothed. 
 
 OSSELETS. 
 
 h{\ Offi'let is a little hard S'loft-ince 
 arifing en the Infide of a Hjrfe*s 
 Knee, amonsj the fmad Bones ^ it 
 grows out of a gummy Subftsnce 
 which faftens thofe Bones together. 
 
 It is always on the infide of the 
 Knee, and never on the outfide, 
 appearing to be cf the fame Sub- 
 ftance with the Knee it (cS, and on- 
 ly diftinguifhable flom the Knee by 
 its being a little lower. 
 
 The 
 
O V ( 34O 
 
 The Caufe. They have much the 
 fame Origin as Splents, and proceed 
 from a Horfe's being drained while 
 he is young, before his Joints are 
 well knit. 
 
 The Cure* They are more difE- 
 cult to be cured than Splents are, 
 becaufe of their being fituated among 
 the fmall Bones which are in the 
 Joint, and therefore only to be at- 
 tempted by giving the Fire. But if 
 they be difcovered before they are 
 come to a great Degree of Hard- 
 nefs, they may be made to yield to 
 milder Remedies,by treating them as 
 Splents, which fee. 
 
 OVER-DONE. 
 
 This \s faid of a Horfe when his 
 Wind is broke and his Strength ex- 
 haufted by Fatigue, 
 
 OVER-REACH. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to over-reach 
 when he brings his hinder Feet too 
 far forwards, and ftrikes his Toes 
 againft the Spungesof his Fore-fhoes. 
 Horfes fometimes over-reach by rea- 
 fon of a Weaknefs in the Back, and 
 fometimes by being fuffered to bear 
 too much upon the Shoulders, and 
 fometimes when they are tired. 
 
 Cure, Where there \s a Wound, 
 fearch it well to the bottom, and 
 pick out all the Gravel, and wafh it 
 with Stale ; then put a handful of 
 Nettles and a handful o'iSalt into a 
 Cloth, and bind them to the Sore ; 
 
 o X 
 
 repeat this for 2 or 3 Mornings, and 
 then have the Shoe fet on with a 
 Leather under it, and afterwards 
 pour on fome Hogs-greafe fcalding 
 hot, and then fome Rofin fcalding 
 hot, and then prefently after put in 
 fome wheat Bran. 
 
 Another, 
 
 Having firft wafhM the Wound 
 with Water, or Water and Salt, 
 when it is dry take a large Onion, 
 and a fpoonful of powdered Pepper^ 
 and a piece of Crown Soap about 
 the fize of an Egg, and pound them 
 together, and make them into a 
 Salve, which lay upon a Linen 
 Cloth, and apply it to the Wound ; 
 let it lie for 24 Hours, and then 
 drefs it as before, repeating it till it 
 is cured. And if this quantity of the 
 Medicine be not enough, make more 
 of it. 
 
 OXIMEL OF SCLUILLS. 
 
 Take Vinegar of Squills a pinf, 
 and a pound and a half of Honey, 
 and boil them to the Confiftence of 
 a Syrup. 
 
 It is very good for moft of the 
 peroral Diforders in Horfes, efpe- 
 cially fuch as proceed from a too 
 great Abundance of humid phlegma- 
 tick Matter ? it cuts and loofens 
 tough Phlegm : It is a very good 
 Ingredient in all Balls or Drenches 
 for Diforders of the Lungs, 
 
 p. 
 
P A 
 
 ( 347 ) 
 
 P A 
 
 Pin phyfical PrefcriptionSjftands 
 • for Pugil, and fignifies the 
 eighth Part of a Handful. 
 
 P. JE* fignifies^P^r/e^ M^uales^ 
 equal Parts of any Ingredients. 
 
 P. P» in Prefcriptions, fignifies 
 ?uWn Patrttmy i, e, Jefuits Pow- 
 der. 
 
 PAIN. 
 
 Pain \s an uneafy Senfatlon, pro- 
 ceeding fiom a Solution of Conti- 
 nuity in the Nerves, Membranes, 
 Canals and Mufcles. And the Cau- 
 fes of Pain, may be all thofe things 
 that are capable to diftrad the Parts 
 of the Nerves, or Membranes from 
 one another. 
 
 PALLIATION. 
 
 Palliation is the quieting of 
 Pain, and fending againft the worft 
 Symptoms of a dangerous Diftem- 
 per, when nothing can be diredly 
 leveird at the Caufe. 
 
 Palliative Medicines, are fuch as 
 are for the foregoing Purpofe. 
 PALPITATION. 
 
 Palpitation fignifies a beating or 
 panting, and is frequently ufed for 
 that Alteration in the Pulfe of the 
 Heart, upon Frights or any other 
 Caufes,as makes it felt ; for the Con- 
 ftancy of a natural uniform Pulfe, 
 goes on without Diftinftion. 
 
 The remote Caufes of this Dif- 
 eafe, are violent Exercife, hard Ri- 
 ding, bad Food, corrupt Water, and 
 every thing that is apt to caufe Heat 
 and Obftru(aions. 
 
 The Signs, The Heart beats with 
 fuch force againft the Horfe's ildes, 
 
 that you may perceive the Motion of 
 the Skin at every Stroke ; and by 
 laying your Ear to the fide oi the 
 Horfe, you may hear it. 
 
 Tho this Diftemper fometimes is 
 very vehement and impetuous, it is 
 feldom mortal, unlefs it be attended 
 with a Fever, which rarely happens. 
 The Cure, The Remedies pro- 
 per in this Cafe, are thofe that 
 ftrengthen the Heart, cherlfh and 
 revive the Spirits, difpel thick Va- 
 pours, and refift their Malignity. 
 And Bleeding is a fovereign Reme- 
 dy, which may be done more th-nn 
 once a day, if the Vio'ence of the 
 Palpitation does not abate. And it 
 is always perform'd moft fuccefs'ul- 
 ly by frequent Clyfters, B'eeding, 
 and Cordial Remedy?. 
 
 ' Boil Baivm, Berate and Bit- 
 glofs^ of each a Handful, in a 
 good Qiuntity of \J7a;er, for half 
 a quarter of an Hou>', till there \s 
 but a P.nt of Water left. 7'hen 
 take it off, and put in 2 Hnndfuls 
 of Sorrel^ and let it ft.ind till it is 
 cold ; then difTilve an Ounce and 
 a half of Conferve of Kofes, and 
 half an Ounce of Cmfection of 
 Hyacinth^ without Muik or Am- 
 her-^reafe, and 10 Grains of 
 Saffron in the ftrained Liquor ; 
 and give it the Horfe to drink 
 lukewarm, and 2 Hours after he 
 has taken it, give him the follow- 
 ing Clyfter : Repeat the Potion 
 once a day. 
 « Take Camomile, Melilot, Mag^ 
 * wort and Kue, of each 2 Handfuls; 
 
 an 
 
P A ( 348 ) 
 
 « an Ounce and a half of Sal Po- 
 
 * lychrejium, and boil them for 
 
 * half a quarter of an Hour in a fuf- 
 
 * ficient quantity of Water, till it 
 
 * comes to 3 Quarts ; then fqueeze 
 ^ out the Herbs, and add 2 Ounces 
 
 * of Linfeed powdered, and as much 
 ' Fenniireek feed to the Decoflion, 
 ' and boil it a quarter of an Hour 
 
 * longer ; then add to the Liquor 
 
 * being (trained, aPint of the C/ri«^ 
 
 * of a CoWy and Oil of Bay and 
 
 * frefJ) Butter, of each 3 Ounces.' 
 
 Give the Horfe this Clyfter every 
 6 Hours. Keep him to a fpare Diet, 
 give him moiftened Bran, but no 
 Oats ; and walk him frequently a 
 Foot-pace. 
 
 When the Palpitation is allay'd, 
 you may give him the following 
 Purge ; 
 
 'If he be a Horfe of a very large 
 ' fize, take 2 Ounces oF j^loes, 
 
 * but if an ordinary (ize, an Ounce 
 
 * and a half of Aganck powdered, 
 
 * and Flower-de-Luce of Florence^ 
 
 * of each an Ounce ^ make a Pow- 
 
 * der, and give it him in a Qi^iart of 
 ' Mlk, keeping him upon the Bri- 
 ' die for 5 Hours before^ and 4 
 ' Hours after.' 
 
 The Medicine will hardly operate 
 ttil the next day ; and then you muft 
 walk him till the Evacuuion ceafes, 
 anl afterwards you may give him his 
 ufual Allowance of Oats. 
 P A L S E Y. 
 
 A Palfey is a Privation of Mo- 
 tfon, or Senfe of Feeling, or both, 
 proceeding from fome Caufe below 
 the Cerebellum, joined with a Cold- 
 ncfs^ Softnefs, Fiaccidity, and at 
 Uii a wafting of the Parts. Or as 
 others define it, it is an Inability to 
 Motion, that arifes either from a 
 F:mlr of the Blood or animal Spirits, 
 or from both together ; which fome- 
 
 P A 
 
 When the Caufe of k [proceeds 
 from the animal Spirits, then the 
 Senfation is in a manner loft j and 
 fometimes there is alfo an Inability 
 to Motion, and by reafon that the 
 nervous Fluid is rendered thick, and 
 unapt to Motion j and the Nerves 
 themfelves are become relax'd and 
 moift, and of confequence unfit for 
 lively Vibrations : There will be 
 fometimes a Numbnefs and Infenfi- 
 bility to the Touch, butftill the Ca- 
 pacity of ^Motion may be prefer- 
 ved. 
 
 But when the Palfey proceeds 
 from a Defeft in the Blood, as 
 from the over great Humidity of 
 ity then the Mufcles are ftretch'd 
 out in 
 laxed ; 
 
 Tone, they become not capable to 
 be contraded. And fo altho the 
 nervous Juice be diftributed, yet by 
 reafon of the too great Relaxation, 
 the Motion is loft, the the Senfe 
 may remain. 
 
 Sometimes the Palfey is occafion- 
 ed by the Bloods being too thick. 
 
 length, and their Fibres re- 
 and fo having loft their 
 
 rimes fezas the whole Body, fome- 
 times one fide, and fometimes only 
 2 particular Part. 
 
 And in this Cafe, tho there is a 
 Concourfe of Spirits, yet by reafon 
 of the thicknefs of the Blood, it 
 cannot be rarified fuddenly enough 
 to produce Motion. 
 
 But when the Blood and Spirits 
 are both affeded in a Palfey, both 
 Senfe and Motion will be loft. 
 
 Country People when they find 
 the UCe of a Horfe 's Limbs fudden- 
 ly taken from him, being ignorant 
 of the Caufe, they think him to be 
 Planet-Jlrucky or Shrew-run, as 
 they call it, when moft of thefa 
 Accidents are occaGoned by the 
 Palfey. 
 
 The Caufe, A Palfey may pro- 
 ceed from any of thofe things which 
 caufe a too great Humidity in the 
 Blood and Spirits, fo as to caufe a 
 Relaxation and Loofenefs in the 
 CanaU 
 
P A 
 
 ( 349 ) 
 
 P A 
 
 Canals or Pibres ; or wben the 
 Blood only is render'd Co thick, that 
 it cannot be fuddenly ratified ; and 
 by that means the Nerves and ani- 
 mal Juices alfo become affeded. 
 And this is ufually caufed by a moift 
 Temperament, Climate or Seafon, 
 or by feeding on cold vifcid Herbs, 
 and efpecially in a marlty Ground, 
 and lying frequently upon if. 
 Things alfo that are of an oppofite 
 Nature, will alfo produce the Pal- 
 fey, as the Ufe of hot Things ; but 
 this feldom or never happening to 
 Horfes, I Qiall only take Notice of 
 the Cure of that fort of Palfey that 
 proceeds from Humidity. 
 
 The Cure, * Give the Horfe 
 
 * chewing Balls compos'd of Savin^ 
 
 * Rofemary and Lavender Flowers, 
 
 * all reduc'd to powder, and beat 
 
 * up with Affa. Fastida, and a good 
 
 * Quantity oiOi\ of Amber,* Tye 
 thefe up in a Rag and on to the 
 Bit. 
 
 Alfo give him at proper Inter- 
 vals, fuch Clyflers as have been 
 prefer ibed for an Apoplexy ; which 
 fee» 
 
 As for external Applications, Rub 
 the Parts where the Motion is lofl 
 or impair'd, with 0:1 of Petre, Oil 
 of Amber y Oil of Sajfafrax, and the 
 like, mix'd wich the Soldiers Oint- 
 ment, or the Ointment of Marjh- 
 Mallows f and with a little Spirit of 
 Sal'Armoniacky or fome other vola- 
 tile Spirit. 
 
 It will be very proper to fweat 
 the Horfe, either in a Dunghil, or 
 with very warm Clothing 5 and alfo 
 to give him Drinks frequently ; as 
 the Decoftion of Giiaiacum, SaJJa- 
 frax, See, and fuch as are ordered 
 in the Farcin. 
 
 Roweling is alfo good, which 
 may be done in feveral Places ; which 
 will difcharge a great deal of moift 
 vifcid Matter, and ftrengthen the 
 Kerves and mufcular fibres. 
 
 Others advife to let the Horfs 
 Blood in the Neck-Vein and Tem- 
 ple-Veins, on the fide contrary to 
 that where he wryeth his Neck ; and 
 anoint his Back all over with Oil of 
 Petroleum, and fwaddle his Neck 
 all over with a wet hay Rope, even 
 from his Breafl to his Ears. Alfo to 
 to give him a Pint of old Mufcadim 
 every Morning, for 9 Mornings fuc- 
 ceffively 5 into which put a Spoon- 
 ful of Gentian, Manna, Myrrh ^ O- 
 poponax, long Pepper and Storax, all 
 powdered ; but there muft not be fo 
 much Myrrh and long-Pepper^ as of 
 the other Ingredients. 
 
 PANDICULATION. 
 
 Pandiculation is the ReftlefneO, 
 Stretching and Uneafinefs, which u- 
 fually accompany the cold Fit of an 
 intermitting Fever. 
 
 P A N N E L S. 
 
 The Pannels of a Saddle, are two 
 Cufhions or Bolfters ftuffed with 
 Hair, and placed under the Saddle, 
 one on each fide, touching the Hor- 
 fe*s Body ; to hinder the Bows and 
 Bands from galling or hurting his 
 Back. 
 
 PANTON-SHOE. 
 
 A Panton-Shoe, is a Shoe con- 
 trived to recover a narrow and Koof^ 
 bound Heel; having Spunges much 
 thicker on the Infide than the Out- 
 fide ; fo that that Part which refts 
 upon the Horn or Hoof, runs flope- 
 wife, with defign that the thicknefs 
 of the Infide of the Shoe, may bear 
 up the Heel, and throw or pufhit to 
 the Omfide. They are alfo ufed to 
 thofe Horfes that have falfe Quarters- 
 PARMASITTY. 
 
 Parmafitty is an Oil that is taken 
 out of the Head of a particular 
 kind of Whale, which is firfl boil- 
 ed, and afterwards fet in a cool 
 Pfece, and by fome peculiar kind 
 of Management, fhoots into Flakes 
 like a chriftalliz'd Salt. That which 
 is the whiteft and has the leaft Rank- 
 
 ne^ 
 
PA (3 
 
 ttefs of fmell, is accounted the beft. 
 
 It is an excellent Medicine for in- 
 ward Diforders, efpecially thofe of 
 the Lungs^ Ureters and Bladder. It 
 is alfo very good in all inward 
 WoundSj Bruifes and Ulcerations ; 
 and alfo to dry up any fuperfluous 
 Moifture that proceeds from the 
 Glands. 
 
 PAROXYSM. 
 
 Paroxyfm is the height or fit of 
 any Diftemper, that returns at cer- 
 tain Times. 
 
 PARSLEY. 
 
 Par/ley is an Herb that is open- 
 ing and difcudive, and good in all 
 Diforders of the Bowels, which 
 proceeds from too much (limy Mat- 
 ter. It is an efficacious Cleanfer of 
 the Kidneys and urinary PafTages. 
 It is alfo ufeful in outward Applica- 
 tions, as Cataplafms, ctt, 
 PARSLEY BREAK - STONE. 
 
 Far/ley Brea\(lorje or Parjl-y* 
 Peff^ is of a cutting Quality, pro- 
 vokes Urine, helps the Strangury, 
 and breaks the Stone. 
 
 PARSNIPS. 
 
 Par/nips procure Luft, provcke 
 Urine ; but the wild Parfnipi or 
 Madnip^ the Root is of a more 
 cutting, attenuating and cleanfing 
 Quality, and more ufed in Phyfick. 
 It is good againft the Bitings of ve- 
 nomous Beafts •, and againft Wind 
 in the Bowels and Stomach. The 
 Seed is more made ufe of than the 
 Root. 
 
 COW -PARSNIPS. 
 
 The Seed of Cow-Parfntps is of 
 a cutting Quality, and good for a 
 Cough, fhort Windednefs, falling 
 Sicknefs, and Yellow?. The Root 
 fcraped upon a Fijiulay takes away 
 the hard Skin that grows upon it. 
 
 The Seed is good to cleanfe the 
 tough Belly from Phlegm. 
 PART. 
 
 Part or Depart j a Word ufed in 
 
 JO ) 
 
 t>A 
 
 Academies, to fignify the Move art 
 Aftion of a Horfe, when put on at 
 Speed. 
 
 P A S S A D E. 
 
 APajfadeis a Tread or Way 
 which a Horfe makes oftener than 
 once upon the fame Extent of 
 Ground j palling and repading from 
 one End of its length to the other * 
 which cannot be done without chang- 
 ing the Hand, or turning and ma- 
 king a Demitour on each of the 
 Ends of the Ground. 
 
 There are feveral forts ofpajfadef^ 
 according to the different Ways of 
 turning, in order to part or put on 
 again, and return upon the fame 
 Pifte or Tread. This is call'd clo* 
 fing the PaflTade. 
 
 A Pajfade of one time, or a Paf- 
 fade in Ftronette, or half Pironetti 
 of one Time, is a Demivolt or Turn 
 made by the Horfe in one Time of 
 his Shoulders and Haunches. 
 
 This is the moft perfeft of all 
 Paflades; and in order to make this 
 Pajfade^ the Horfe muft ftand ftrait 
 upon the PaflTade line ; and when 
 he puts forwards, he forms a half 
 Stop, and makes Falcades 2 or 3 
 times after fuch a manner, that he 
 is ftill upon the ftraifLine ; and ac 
 the laft time he prepares to turn 
 nimbly, and retain or fix his 
 Haunches as a Center, fo that the 
 Demivolt is performed in only one 
 Time of the Shoulder : And tho 
 the Haunches likewife make a Time, 
 they make it upon the Center, or 
 upon the fame Spot ; and as the 
 French call it, de Perme a Ferme, 
 
 A furious Pajfade^ is fueh as is 
 ufed in Duels. 
 
 In order to make thefe Pajfades j 
 the Horfe muft be put ftrait for- 
 ward, and make a half Stop towards 
 the Extremity of the Line; being 
 kept ftrait without traverfing. Thea 
 there is 10 be | DemiyoUs made at 
 
P A 
 
 3 Times in fuch a manner, that the 
 Horfe do prefent ftrait upon the Paf- 
 fade-line the third Time, and is rea- 
 dy to fet out again a Gallop. 
 
 This fhort Gallop muft be conti- 
 nued half the length of the PalTade ; 
 and then the Horfe muft be put on 
 furioufly at full Speed, and make a 
 half Stop at the End of the PafTade ; 
 and then a Demivolt of 5 Times. 
 
 This is to be continued as long as 
 the Horfe's Wind and Strength v;ill 
 hold. 
 
 A Paffade of ^ Times, or a De- 
 mivolt of 5 Times, is a Demitour 
 made at the End of the ftrait Line, 
 one Hip in, in 5 Times of a Gal- 
 lop upon the Haunches ; and ought 
 to have clofed the Demivolt at the 
 5 th Time, and to prefent upon the 
 Paflade - line, ftrait and ready to 
 turn. 
 
 The Demivolts of ^ Times, or 
 Periods, are the moft ufual Airs of 
 changing the Hand or Turning, that 
 are praftis'd in the Academies, 
 PASSAGE. 
 
 To pajfage a Horfe, is to make 
 him go upon a Walk or Tror, upon 
 two Piftes or Treads, between the 
 two Heels and the fide-ways ; fo 
 that his Hips make a Trait, parallel 
 to that made by his Shoulders. 
 PASTERN. 
 
 The P aft em of a Horfe is the low- 
 er Part of the Leg, between the Fet- 
 lock or Paftern Joint, and the Cro- 
 net. 
 
 The Pajhrn of a Horfe fhould be 
 (hort, efpecially in Horfes of a mid- 
 dle Size. Thofe Pafterns which are 
 too long are weak, and cannot en- 
 dure Travel, and are called long- 
 jointed. 
 
 Large Horfes that have too Ihort 
 Pafterns, the Paftern Joint is apt to 
 bend forward, efpecially if they have 
 alfo high Heels. 
 
 PASTERN JOINT. 
 
 The Paftern ^oint or Fetlock of 
 
 (351) PA 
 
 a Horfe*s Leg, is a Joint above the 
 Paftern, which ferves for a fecond 
 Knee in each Fore Leg. and a fe- 
 
 Fore Leg, and 
 cond Ham or Hough, to each hindec 
 Leg. 
 
 The Paftern Joint fhould be pro- 
 portionable to rhe fize of the Horfe, 
 broad and without any Swelling or 
 Sore. 
 
 The Paftern Joint Is fometimes 
 crowned, that is without any v^ays 
 being galled or hurt. There is a 
 Swelling goes round it beneath the 
 Skin, in form of a Circle, and about 
 half the breadth of a Finger. The 
 Humours having gatherM there thro* 
 Travel, and congeal'd in that Part 
 of the Paftern Joint in form of a 
 Circle or Ring, and beneath the 
 Skin, which is a fign that the Hor- 
 fe's Legs are worn. 
 A STRAIN IN THE PASTERN 
 JOINT. 
 
 The Caufe, A Horfe may receive 
 a Strain in the Paftern Joint, either 
 by a Wrench in the Stable, or by 
 treading awry upon fome Stone, or 
 in a Cart Route. 
 
 The Signs, The Joint will fwell 
 and be fore, and the Horfe will 
 halt. 
 
 The Cure. ' Some boil a Quart 
 ' of ftale Urine till the Foam rifes, 
 « and then ftrain it, and put in a 
 
 * Saucer of Honey, a quarter of a 
 
 * Pound of Sheeps Suet, a handful 
 ' of Mallows, and a handful of 
 ' Tanfey, and boil them ail together 
 ' till the Herbs are fofr, and lay 
 ' them by way of Poultice to the 
 ' Joint, and cover it over with a 
 « blue Cloth.' This they repeat 3 
 Times, and it helps the Strain. 
 
 * Others mix half a Pound of 
 
 * Nerve Oil, and half a Pound of 
 
 * Dialthea together, and chafe the 
 
 * fore Place with it.* This they 
 repeat once a day till the Ointment 
 is fpent, giving the Hoife reft. 
 
 • Orhers 
 
P E ( 
 
 ^ Others take equal Quantities of 
 
 * Populeon^ Nerve Oil^ and blacl^ 
 
 * Soap, and having heated them a- 
 
 * noint jhe fore Place with it. 
 PATHOGNOMICKS. 
 Pathognomkk Signs, are fuch 
 
 Signs of a Difeafe as are infeparable^ 
 telling the Eflence or real Nature of 
 the Difeafe. 
 
 PARTHOLOGY. 
 
 Parthology is a Difcourfe upon 
 fuch Signs as are the Difcoverers of 
 Difeafes. 
 
 PATIN-SHOE. 
 
 A PatinShoe \s a Shoe under 
 which a fort of half Ball of Iron, 
 hollow within, is foldered. It is 
 u(ed to Horfes that are Hip-Qior, 
 and put upon the found Foot, 
 that the Hoife not being able 
 to ftand upon that Foot without 
 Pain, may be oblig'd to bear upon 
 the lame Foot, and by that means 
 keep the Sinews from flirinking, and 
 the Haunch from drying up. They 
 are alfo ufed to Horfes that are 
 fprained in the Shoulders. 
 PAW. 
 
 To paw the Ground. A Horfe 
 is faid fo to do, when his Leg being 
 pained or tired, he does not reft it 
 upon the Ground, fearing to hurt 
 himfelf as he walks. 
 
 PEACH. 
 
 Peach Flower ov Peach hUjfom 
 coloured Horfes, are very beautiful 
 to the Eye ; but very rarely fenfible 
 and obedient to the Spurs. 
 
 PEACOCKS- DUNG. 
 
 Peacocks-Dun^, and that of moft 
 other Birds, abounds with fharp, 
 penetrating nitrous Salts ; which are 
 good in all Diforders of the Head, 
 and may be adminifter'd in Lethar- 
 gies, the Staggers and the Palfey. 
 PECTORALS. 
 
 Pectorals are fuch Medicines as 
 arc good in Diftempers of the 
 Breaft. 
 
 3J2 >> P E 
 
 PELLITORY. 
 
 Pellhory o^ Spain is a fpicy Root % 
 h cleanfing and binding, and pro- 
 per to expel vifcid and phlegmatick 
 Humours out of the Glands. The 
 Powder of it blown up the Noftrils, 
 is an excellent Purgerof the Head. 
 P ENNY- ROYAL. 
 
 Penny-Koyal is of a warm, fjb- 
 tile and penetrating Nature, and ve- 
 ry good in all Fevers attended with 
 a Heavinefs and Oppreffion of the 
 Spirits : It is alfo ferviceable in the 
 Y'ellows. 
 
 PEONY. 
 
 The Root of the Male Peony ^ is 
 reckoned a great Cordial, and a Re- 
 fifter of Poifon. The Flowers are 
 oood in all nervous Diforders, 
 PEONY WATER COMPOUND, 
 
 ' Take Lilies of the Valleys frefh 
 ' gathered half a Pound, Flowers of 
 ' Lavender and Rofemary, of each 
 ' half a large Handful ; the Roots 
 
 * of Male Peony, long Birthwort 
 
 * and Mijletoe, of each an Ounce ; 
 ' o^ Penny-Koyal.^ Rue and Savin^ 
 
 * of each 2 Handfuls ; Cajior and 
 ' Myrrh, of each an Ounce 5 C«- 
 
 * belsy Cloves and Nutmegs, of 
 
 * each an Ounce and a quarter ; 
 ' put them into 3 Gallons of Spirit 
 ' of Wine, and draw off the fame 
 
 * Quantity.' 
 
 The Water is a very good Anti- 
 eplleptlck, and is ufeful in all Verti- 
 goes, Palfeys, Apo^leBlck and Epi- 
 leptick Diforders ; and Diforders 
 that in any fort affed the Head, 
 which caufe a Horfe to reel and 
 ftagger. 
 
 PEPPER. 
 
 Pepper is good in moft Diforders 
 of the Head and Stomach, and in 
 all Crudities and Flatulences of the 
 Bowels. 
 
 The Black Pepper is the true ge- 
 nuine Pepper *, the White being the 
 fame fmooth'd and whiten*d in Hd- 
 
 landp 
 
P E 
 
 (3 
 
 land, and impos'd on us as a diffe- 
 rent kind. 
 
 'JAMAICA PEPPER. 
 
 J-ama.ca Pepper^ Pimento, cr all 
 
 Sp'ice^ is very giaterul to the Sto- 
 
 i mach ; comforts the Bowels, and is 
 
 t good in mod Diforders of the 
 
 ' Nerves. 
 
 P E P. A C U T E. 
 Pe^ acute Dtfeafas a;e fuch as are 
 very fharp, being greatly aggravated 
 with violent Symptoms. 
 
 PERCOLATION. 
 Percolation is a {training thro' ; 
 and a Term that \s ufually applied to 
 anima! Secretion ; becaufe the Office 
 of the Glands, refeuibles that of a 
 Strainer, in tr.infmitting the Liquors 
 that pa(s thro' them. 
 
 PER DELI Q\3 I U M. 
 Per Deliqu'ii^m fignifieSj by xMelt- 
 ing •, fo Salt of Tartar diffolv'd in 
 the Air, is call'd Oil of Tartar^ per 
 Deliquium. 
 
 PERI WINCLE. 
 Pertwincle is of an aftrin^ent 
 Quality ; it is good to (lop Haemor- 
 rhages inwnrd or outward. 
 PERIODICAL. 
 Periodical DiJIefnfers are fuch as 
 retuin after a certain fpace of Time. 
 PERSE. 
 Perf'y Hgnifies by itfelf . fo fome 
 Things are (aid to be drawn by Dif- 
 tiilaiion, without the additional 
 Helps of any Thing to raife them 5 
 as, Spirit and Salt of Harifhorn, and 
 all other Animals. 
 
 PERSPIRATION, 
 Perfpirarton fign'fies a b'eathing 
 rhro*, 3Sj To perfpire thro' the Pores 
 of the Body. 
 
 PERU VI AN-BARK. 
 Viruz'ian or Jefnits Bark, is not 
 ifluch us'd to Horfes ; it has been 
 given with good Succefs in intermit- 
 ting SickneiTes, when there has 
 been a continual Propenfity to fweat. 
 It ':s good againft Agues, and thofe 
 Diftempers that are auendsd with a 
 
 53) PH 
 
 Weaknefs and Relaxation of to4 
 Body. 
 
 P ETFR'S WORT. 
 
 St. Pettr^s-Wort is much of the 
 fame quality as St. John'i-Worts 
 but not fo hrong. It is good to 
 purge cholerick Humours, to helpJ 
 old Pains, and Griefs, and Burnings 
 by Fire. 
 
 PETROLEUM. 
 
 Petroleum or the Oil of Petri, h 
 a certain Oil made o^Salt-Petre and 
 Bitumen j or a fort of Mineral, dif- 
 tlH'd by a fubterraneous Heat, iri 
 fome Mountains of Italy and iV^- 
 pleiy from whence it drains down^ 
 and lies upon the Surface of Lakes, 
 ZP'c* It is of a very penetrating 
 quality, and is frequently us'd in. 
 outward Applications, to remove 
 violent Pains and hard Swellings iti 
 the Joints, and nervous Parts^ 
 PESATE, OR PESADE* 
 
 A Pafate is the Motion a Horfe 
 makes in railing or 1 fting up his 
 Fore-quarters, keeping his bind Legs 
 upon ihe Ground without ftirring y 
 fo that he does not mark any Time 
 with his Haunches, till his Fore-legs 
 reach the G.ound. 
 
 P H A G A D E M I C Kc 
 
 Ph^gadcrnick Medicines, are Me- 
 dicines that eat away fungous or 
 proud Flefh. 
 P H A R M A C E U T I C A. 
 
 Pharmacetitica is that Part of 
 Phyfick that teaches the \J{e. of Me- 
 dicines. 
 
 PHLEGMi 
 
 Phlegr/i is the moR: vifcid and 
 glutinous Part of the Blood, which 
 IS feparated in the largeft Glands^ 
 where th^ Contortions of the Arte- 
 ries are greateft, and give the great-. 
 eft Retardation to the Velocity of 
 the Blood ; as in the Glands abouC 
 Mouth and the Head* The watery 
 Part of all Vegetables and Plants^ 
 isalfo caliM their Phlegmv 
 
 Aa 
 
 F H L E Q- 
 
PI ( 354 ) 
 
 PHLEGMAGOGUES. 
 
 Phlegmapzues are fuch Medicines 
 as are fuppos'd to purqe Phlegm. 
 PIAFFEUR. 
 Piaffeur \s a proud, ft.^tely Horfe ; 
 who being full of Metile or Fire, 
 reftlefs and forw.ird, makes ihis 
 Motion the more that you endea- 
 vour to keep him in, and bends his 
 Leg up to his Belly : He fnorts and 
 traverfes, if he can, and by his fie- 
 ry Adions fhews his reftlefsnefs. 
 PICKER. 
 Picker 5 an iron Inftruraent bent 
 or crooked on one fide, and flat and 
 pointed on the other, for cleanfing 
 the infide of the Feet of manage 
 Horfes, and pick out the Earth and 
 Sand that is got into them. 
 TO PIERCE. 
 To pierce a Hot fe's Shoe lean^ is 
 to pierce it too near the Edge of 
 the Iron. 
 
 To pierce a Horfe's S\\otfat, is 
 to pierce it further in. 
 
 P IGEONS-DUNG. 
 Pigeons-Bung is endued with 
 much the fame Qualities as Peacock^s- 
 Dung \ but it is more penetrating, 
 and therefore for the moft part ufed 
 n Cataplafms or Poultices, to ripen 
 and difcufs Tumours. 
 PIGS. 
 Pigs-ey'd ; (o Horfes are faid to 
 be, that have little Eyes. 
 PILLAR. 
 There is in moft great Manages 
 a Pillar fix*d in the middle of the 
 manage Ground, to point out the 
 Center. 
 
 There are alfo in all Manages o- 
 ther Pillars, upon the Circumference 
 or Side ; thefe axe placed at certain 
 Diftances, by two and two. In 
 order to diftinguifli thefe from that 
 of the Center, they are call'd the 
 two Pillars. When thefe latter are 
 fpoken of, it is ufual to fay. Work 
 the Horfe between the two Pillars, 
 And when the former is fj^joken of. 
 
 p I 
 
 it is caird working round the Pillar. 
 
 The Ufe of the Pillar in the Cen- 
 ter,is for the regulating the Extent of 
 Ground, fhat the Manage upon Volts 
 may be performed with method and 
 juftnefs . and that they may work in 
 a Square by Rcjle, and meafure upon 
 the 4 Lines of the Volts . and alfo 
 to break unruly high mettled Horfes, 
 without endangerino the Rider, 
 
 The two Pillars are plac'd at the 
 Diftance of 2 or 3 Paces, the one 
 from the other. The Horfe is put 
 between thefe, to teach him to rife 
 before, and yerk out behind, and 
 put himfeif upon rais'd Airs, c^c, 
 either by the Aids or Chaftifement. 
 PIMPERNEL. 
 
 Pimpernel is of 2 forts, but both 
 of a drawing Quality ; \s good to 
 draw Sphnters out of the Fiefli, and 
 being put into the Noftriis, purges 
 the Head, cleanfes Ulcers, clofes up 
 Wounds, open.": Obftniftions of the 
 Liver and Spleen, provokes Unne, 
 is good againfl Venom taken from 
 venomous Beafts, and the Bitings of 
 mad Dogs. 
 
 PIMPLES. See CAMERY, OR 
 FROUNCE. 
 GROUND-PINE. 
 
 Ground-Pine, or Chawpetys, h 
 good in the Strangury, and all Dif- 
 eafes of the Liver and Spleen j o- 
 pens the Body gently, expels the 
 dead Foal ; is good for all Pains in 
 the Joints, dropfical Cafes, and the 
 Yellows ; to cleanfe fou; Ulcers, and 
 clofe up the Lips of Wounds. 
 PITCH. 
 
 Common Pitch is drawn from the 
 PineTree by the Heat of Fire, and 
 IS the Jaft running j Tar being the 
 firfl-, and is thinner. Tar is the 
 hottefl, but much more drying ; i$ 
 » Ripener and Drawer, being of an 
 adhefive and ftiptick Quality ; and 
 therefore h ufed in Plafters for that 
 Intention, to give them a Body and 
 due Coniiftency. 
 
 BVR^ 
 
PI (3 
 
 B U RGUND r PITCH. 
 
 Burgundy Pitch is of a more 
 compad anJ folid Body than com- 
 mon Pitch, and h a Ripener and 
 Drawer 3 and us'd for the fame In- 
 tentions as 'he former, and fome- 
 times is us'd fingly by it f If, 
 PISSING BLOOD. 
 
 The Cauj'e, if a Horfe be ridden 
 long and hard in the gr^^at Heats of 
 Summer, or over-heated by immo- 
 derate Exercife, he will pifs Blood ; 
 and if fome Vein or large VefTel be 
 broken, which difcharges the Blood 
 into the Bladder, the Diftemper will 
 frequently prove mortal. 
 
 Sometimes a Horfe pifles Blood 
 in great abundance without a Fever, 
 not lofing his Appetite, or fhovving 
 outwardly any other Irvdifpollion. 
 And in this cafe, the Flux of Blood 
 proceeds only from the exceliive 
 Heat of the Kidneys ; this may be 
 eafily cured. 
 
 The Cure, * Take Bkcdwort of 
 
 * the Garden^ and Bloodivort of the 
 
 * Hedge, Comfrey, Knotgrafs, Po- 
 
 * lypodium of the Wall, and Shep- 
 
 * herds Purfe, of each a handful 5 
 ' fhred them fmall, and boil them 
 ' in a quart of Beer, add a little 
 ' Sab, Leaven and S^ot, and having 
 
 * m x'd it well, give it the Horfe to 
 
 * drink. Or, 
 
 ' Fiift let the Horfe blood, and 
 ' give him every Morning three 
 ' pints of White-Wtne, made eme- 
 « tick, by infufing in it unwallied 
 
 * Crocus MetalUrum, otherwife 
 < call'd Liver of Antimony.' 
 
 Let the Horfe be kept upon the 
 Bi idle 4 Hours before you give him 
 the Wine, and as long after it. 
 
 Repeat this Potion daily, for a 
 Week, and the pilling Blood will 
 ceafe. 
 
 If the Horfe does not only pifs 
 Blood, but that is attended with a 
 Heat and Palpitation of the Flanks, 
 then give him a good cooling Cly- 
 
 55 ) PI 
 
 fter every Evening ; and if there be 
 occafion bleed him a fecond Time 
 and diffolve 2 ounces of Sal Poly^ 
 chreflum, in the 3 pints of F.meticK 
 Wine -, repeating this till the Horfe 
 recover. 
 
 If the Sal Polychrefium occ?.(ions 
 him toforfakeh's Meat.then give hira 
 for once or twice, an ounce of com- 
 mon Treacle, or Viateffaron in his 
 Erneticli-Wine ; and when he has re- 
 covered his Appetite, then ufe the 
 Sal Polychrep.ura again : but you 
 muft not exceed an ounce, or two ac 
 moft. 
 
 Another, 
 
 'Take 2 ounces of Viatejfaror!^ 
 
 * Fi77e S4gar and common Horiey^ 
 ^ of each a quarter of a pound 5 
 ' thefe having been well m.ixed and 
 ' incorporated in a Mortar, add to 
 ' them Annifeed, Coria^.dcr-feed, 
 *■ and Liquorifl}, all reduc'd to a fine 
 
 * Powder, of each 2 ounces • when 
 
 * they have been well m;x*d, put all 
 
 * into a quart of Claret -, give it the 
 ' Horfe, keeping him on the Bridle 
 ' 3 Hours before, and as long af- 
 ' ter.* 
 
 The next Day bleed the Horfe, 
 and Pive him the followinf' Clv- 
 fter : "" ^ ■ 
 
 Put 2 ounces of Scori& of Liver 
 ' of Antimony reduc'd uo a fine 
 
 * Powder, into 2 quarts and a pint 
 
 * of Whey ; boil it, and as foon as 
 < it begins to rife in great Bubbles, 
 
 * take it off, and put in a quarter of 
 
 * a pound of Oiive-Oil, and injed it 
 
 * lukevv'arm.' If once does not 
 cure, repeat the whole Courfe a fe<. 
 cond Time. 
 
 PIS T E. 
 Pijle is the Track or Tread a 
 Horfe-man makes upon the Ground 
 he goes over ; fo that he may either 
 mark i or 2, if he be a ready 
 Horfe, as the Rider hath a mind to 
 it ; As for Example, if the Ridec 
 makes him go but an ordinarv Gal- 
 A a 2 ' lop. 
 
PL r 3 
 
 lop, in a Circle, or rather Square, 
 then he will maik but one ; but if 
 he either make him gallop with his 
 Haunches in, or go Terra a Terrra^ 
 then he will mark 2 Piftes , and the 
 fame if the Rider make him pafTage, 
 or go (ideways, either in a ftraic 
 Line, or upon a Circle. 
 
 P L A G IT E - W A T E R. 
 * Take Roots of Mafler-worty 
 
 * Angelica^ Butter Bur, and Peo- 
 
 * »y, of each a quarter of a pound ^ 
 
 * Viper-grafsy and Spignel, of each 
 
 * 4 ounces ; Virginian Snake-root, 
 ' an ounce ; Leaves ofBaitm, Car- 
 ' duusy Water-Germander, Kofe- 
 ' mary. Marigolds, with their Flow- 
 
 * ers ; Dragons, Goats-llue and 
 < Mint, of each 2 handfuls ; put 
 
 * them into a Gallon of reftify'd 
 
 * Spirit of Wine, and 2 Gallons of 
 
 * coir.mon Water \ let them infufe 
 
 * for a Week, and draw ofF 2 Gal- 
 ' Ions ; put it into a VefTei, and 
 
 * hang in it a quarter of an ounce of 
 
 * Saffron, ty'd to a Rag.' 
 
 This is accounted one of the beft 
 cordial Waters, and is very effica- 
 cious in all Fevers of a malignant 
 kind J it is good to raife the Spirits, 
 and promote a Breathing thro' the 
 Pores. 
 
 A Pint, or a Pint and a half, may 
 be given to a Horfe without any 
 weaker Liquor to dilute if. A 
 Draught of it at any Time, will be 
 good for a Horfe that has been fur- 
 feited with a glut of Piovender. 
 PLANET STRUCK. See PAL- 
 
 SEY, and NIGHT-MARE. 
 PLANTED. 
 
 Planted, as how a Horfe \s plant- 
 ed ; i. € . framed as to his Body up- 
 on his Limb?. 
 
 Planted Coat ; a Horfe Is fa id to 
 have a planted Coat, which has his 
 Hair long and ftaring. 
 
 PLANTAIN. 
 Plantamis cooling and aggluti- 
 
 56) 
 
 P O 
 
 n3ting, and therefore efKcacious fn 
 flopping Fluxes and Haemorrhages 
 of Blood. The Juice is good for 
 all Pains in the Bowels ; the Seed 
 for the Yellows, and Obftrudions in 
 the Liver, 
 
 The Juice or Decoftion, is very 
 efficacious in healing Wounds and 
 fanious Ulcers. 
 
 A Cataplafm of this Plant with 
 Powder of Camphhe^ is very good 
 for Pains and watery Sores in the 
 Legs, and Paflerns. 
 
 RIB-WORT-PLANTAIN. 
 KiL'-\Vort'Planta:n, has the fame 
 Qiialities with the cummon Plan- 
 tain. 
 
 WATER-PLANTAIN. 
 Water-Plantain, is good againfl 
 Burns and Scalds ; and alfo to flop 
 Fluxes of Blood. 
 
 P O I N S O N. 
 A Poinfon is a pointed Iron fix'd 
 in a wooden Handle, which a Horfe- 
 man holds in his right-Hand, to 
 prick a leaping Horfe in the Croupe, 
 or beyond the End of the Saddle, 
 to make him yerk out behind. 
 POINT. 
 A Horfe is faid to make a Point, 
 when he doe? not obferve the Round 
 regularly in working upon Volts, 
 but by putting a little out of his or- 
 dinary Ground, does, by his angular 
 Tread, make a fort of Angle or 
 Point. 
 
 P O L L - E V I L. 
 The Poll-Evil is a large Swelling, 
 Inflammation or Impofthume in 
 the Horfe 's Poll, or Nape of the 
 Neck, juft between the Ears towards 
 the Mane. 
 
 The Caufe, It is fometimes cau- 
 fed by the fretting of a new Halter 
 or Collar ; fometimes from ill Hu- 
 mours gathering in the Part ; and 
 fometimes from a Blow. 
 
 The Signs* There will be a vi- 
 able Swelling between the Horfe 's 
 
 Ears^ 
 
P O (3 
 
 Ears, and on each fide of his Neck, 
 which in time will break of it felf, 
 bur is apt to ror more inwardly than 
 outwardly, and will become a hol- 
 low crooked Olcer, full of fliarp 
 Matter. 
 
 The Cure. If it be taken in 
 time, it will require no other Cure 
 but what is common to other Boils 
 and inflam'd Tumours, that is, to 
 ripen it, and bring it to matter •, but 
 fometimes it turns to an Ulcer, but 
 this is generally for want of Skill. 
 
 For under the Bone of the Poll, 
 there is a fmail SinuSy where the 
 Matter is apt to lodge, if the Part 
 be not carefully kept firm with a 
 Bandage ; But many Perfons on 
 the contrary, thruft in long Terns, 
 and they raife the Fledi, and open 
 a way into the Sinus ^ and by fo do- 
 ing, caufe an Ulcer, where there 
 would otherwife be none j where- 
 as a better way would be, (if there 
 be a large Cavity) to lay it open, 
 and when it is ulcerated, to treat it 
 as Ulcers are treated. See Ulcers, 
 
 ' Some advife to fhave off the 
 ' Hair from the Swelling, and then 
 
 * to lay on a Plafter of black Shoe- 
 ^ makers-wax, with fome Majlick 
 
 * melted in it, being fpread upon 
 
 * alum'd Leather, letting it lie on 
 ' till it has ripened and broke it. 
 
 * Then to take a pint of wine Vi- 
 negar, and having made it boiling 
 hot, to mix the quantity of a pint 
 of Loam with it, Straws and all, 
 and apply it to the Part as hot as 
 the Horfe can endure it ; repeating 
 this Application once a day, till it 
 be healed. 
 
 Another, 
 * Slit the Sore to let out the Cor- 
 
 * ruption ; cleanfe it of dead or proud 
 
 * Fiefh •, wafti it with Alum-water^ 
 ' and pour in Oil of Turpentine,^ 
 Drefs it thus once a day, and it will 
 heal it. 
 
 57 ) p o 
 
 Another, 
 « Kill an ounce of ^ickfilver 
 ' in fafting Spittle ♦, then mix it 
 
 * well with Ho^s-greafe^ and Powder 
 ' of Brimflone to the quantity of 
 
 * a Hens-Egg, and anoint the Swel- 
 ' ling well with it : then take green 
 
 * Copperas and Bay-Salt^ of each 
 ' a handful, finely powdered -, 
 
 * mix them with half a pound of 
 ' H'^gS'greafey and a pennyworth 
 
 * of Tar ; boil them, and apply 
 ' them hot to the Part by a Clout 
 ' ty'd to the End of a Stick : Do 
 ' this for 3 or 4 Mornings fuccef- 
 ' fively, immediately after you have 
 ' anointed with the Quiickfilver 
 ' Ointment, after which you need 
 ' to ufe only warm Tar^ and it will 
 
 * cure. For the fcalding will fo 
 ' put a Stop to and take away the 
 
 * Malignity of the FilVala, that it 
 
 * will not break forth any more. 
 
 Another, 
 « Others direft, That when you 
 perceive the Swelling firft, to a- 
 noint it all over with half an 
 ounce of Oil of Turpentine, which 
 in 4 or 5 days time, will fhrink 
 up the Skin like a Purfe j then if 
 you perceive the Swelling begin to 
 fall, melt together in a Pipkin, a 
 quarter of a pound of Burgundy 
 Pitch 'y the fame quantity of ^/^c^r 
 Pitch, and 2 ounces oi MaJlicJ^, 
 and fpread it over the Swelling 
 with a flat Stick ; then lay ou 
 Shearings of Cloth, or Flocks 
 upon the Pitch ; and when the 
 Plafter comes off, which perhaps 
 will be 2, 3, or 4 Weeks, if 
 you find the Swelling is come 
 down, do no more to it. 
 
 * But if it be much fwe I'd ftill,and 
 there be proud Flefh, and if it be 
 not broken, lance it, and cutaway 
 the proud Flefh, and fill the^iZound 
 with fine Tow, Flax or Kurds, 
 
 to dry up the Blood, letting it He 
 A a ^ tot 
 
PO (3 
 
 for 6 Hours : After that rake 
 them ;^vvay, and apply the follow- 
 ing Medicine ; 
 
 ' Put a quart of Sa'lct Oil into a 
 Pipkin, fet ir on th» Fire ; add to 
 ft 2 ounces ot Oil of Turpentine, 
 6 ounces of Burgundy Pitch ; 
 when they have been boiled a 
 pretty while, take it off the Fire, 
 and put in 2 pennyworth of Ver- 
 de^reaj% finely powdered ; fee it 
 oiF from the Fire left it boil over ; 
 then fet it again on a gentle Fire, 
 ' and boil it till it comes to a S^lve, 
 ' keeping it ftirring all the while ; 
 • then take it off, and put it in a 
 ^ Pot for ufe.' 
 
 Drefs it once a day with this Me- 
 dicine at firft, when it begins to 
 healjoncein 2 D3ys,3nd it will quick- 
 ly heal it : If 50U cut a Hole at the 
 lower Part of the Swelling, to drain 
 it, it will heal the fooner. When 
 you lay it open, dab or throw on a 
 good deal of wheaten Bran. When 
 the Plailer comes off, cut out the 
 dead, proud, white Jelly Flefh, till 
 you come at the red Flefh that is 
 found ; don't be hindred bec^ufe of 
 its bleeding much, but take care not 
 to cut the white Pax that runs alon» 
 the Top of the Neck, (wh-ch by 
 fom.e is caird the Crefs) for if that 
 be cut, the Neck will fall. 
 
 There is in a Pell Evil, a white 
 Pith near the Top of the Neck by 
 the Pax-Wax, pull it out with your 
 Nippers ; it will come out like a 
 Plug, and there is no fuch a Thing 
 in a Fiftiila. 
 
 POLYPODY. 
 Polypody of the Oak, Fern, or 
 Indian Polypody, are good to purge 
 Choler and Phlegm, for the Cho- 
 lick, Cough, fiiortnefs of Breath, 
 and Diltillation of thin Rheums up- 
 0n the Lungs. ■ 
 • PQMEGR AN ATE, 
 pomegranate h 3 great Affringentj 
 
 5§ ; 
 
 P o 
 
 its Venues coming near thofe of 
 the QHifice \ the Bark alfo is a great 
 Aftringent, and {^^ that Reafon of- 
 ten adminiftred in Fluxes and Hae- 
 morrhages, as well in the Powder, 
 as \x\ the Decoftion, and a'fo is ufed 
 in Ciyfter Decoftions. It is good 
 to provoke Urine. 
 
 POMPHOLIX. 
 
 Pompholix is a metaliick Powder 
 of a white Colour, fhat is gotten in 
 making of Brafs. It is a good Dry- 
 er ; an Unguent made of it, call'd 
 TJnguentum DiAmpempholigos , is u- 
 fed to cicatrize and dry up Ulcers in 
 Horfes •, but it requires Skill in the 
 Ufe of it.i 
 
 PONTLEVIS. 
 
 Pjntlevii is a diforderly refifting 
 Adion in a Horfe, in difobeying his 
 Rider, when he in running rears up 
 feveral Times, and rifes fo upon his 
 hind Legs, that there is a danger of 
 his coming over. 
 
 POPPIES. 
 
 Englifh Poppies are of two forts, 
 the black and white. They abound 
 with a gummy Juice, that may be 
 extraded into An Opium. 
 
 The chief Virtues of Poppies, con- 
 fift in a narcotick Quality, caufing 
 Sleep, and therefore are ufeful in all 
 tormentino Pains, efpecially thofe in 
 the Bowels, and therefore are fervice- 
 able in Decodion?, for Drinks and 
 Clyfters, to promote a Breath- 
 ing thro' the Pores ; they give a 
 Check to Lasks and Hemorrhages. 
 
 The Corn Poppey Flowers are 
 chiefly us'd, and reckoned a good 
 Anodyne and Narcotick, and there- 
 fore good in the Cholick. 
 SYRUP OF WHITE POPPIES. 
 
 ' Takethe Heads of Garden white 
 ' Poppies with their Seeds,a pound ; 
 ' the Heads of black Poppies, 12 
 ' ounces ; bruife them and let them 
 • fteep 24 hours in 2 gallons of 
 I Water, which boil to 3 quarts ; 
 
 ■" ■ ' t preis 
 
PR (35P). PU 
 
 the Liquor out hard, and ftufF it in well between the Shoe and 
 Foot •, and if you pleafe, you may 
 put a piece of fhoe Leather between 
 the Shoe and the Kurds, or fplimer 
 it with a Stick. 
 
 If he has been prick'd with a ftreet 
 Nail, pluck out the Nail, and heat 
 it red hot, and put it into the Hole 
 as far as it went at firft, and that 
 will prevent it from rankling and 
 fettering ; then pour in the T>4rpe)h- 
 t'tne^ Butter and Pitch, fcalding hot ; 
 fet on the Shoe, and ftufF it as be* 
 fore. 
 
 Another* 
 
 ' Firft open the Sore, and take 
 
 * out all the Corruption to the very 
 
 * bottom, as far as the Nail went ; 
 
 * then take 5 or 4 Houfe-SnaiU, 3 
 < little Salt, and a bit of Soap, the 
 ' bignefs of a Walnut ; beat them 
 ' all together, and lay it to the 
 ' Hurt, for 24 Hours.* Do this 
 once a day till you fee it heal ; then 
 drefs it but once in 2 Days. 
 
 When you drefs it, you muft lay 
 Flax, Hurds, or Tow over it, and 
 a piece of Leather over that, or 
 Splinters to keep the Medicine in ; 
 and if it break out or be foft above 
 the Tops of the Hoof, lay fome of 
 the fame Medicine to it, and bind it 
 on with a linen Cloth* 
 
 PRODROMUS. 
 
 Prodromm is a Diftemper that k 
 the Forerunner of another, as a Ver^ 
 tigo is to an Apoplexy. 
 
 PRUNES. 
 
 Prunes are cooling, and gently 
 laxative, 
 
 PUNCH. 
 
 A punch Horfe, is a well fet^ 
 well knit Horfe ; is fhort back'd, 
 and thick (houldered, with a broad 
 Neck, and well lin'd with Flefh. 
 
 PUNCTURE. See PRICK li^ 
 THE FOOT, 
 
 ' prefs 
 
 ' boil it up to a Syrup, with 3 pound 
 
 « of Sugar.' 
 
 This Syrup is good to ftop Coughs 
 proceeding from Rheums and De- 
 fludions. 
 
 PORTER. 
 
 Porter fignifies to carry. The 
 French ufe it in their Manage, for 
 direfting or pufhing on a Horfe a: 
 pleafure, v;hether forward, or upon 
 Turns. 
 
 PRESS. 
 
 To prefs or puJJ) a Horfe forward, 
 is to aflift him with the Calves of 
 the Legs, or to fpur him to 'make 
 him go on. 
 
 Pre/} upon the Hand. A Horfe 
 is faid to prefs upon the Hand or re- 
 fift, when either thro' the ftiffnefs 
 of his Neck, or from an Ardour to 
 run too much a head, he ftretches 
 his Head againft the Horfeman's 
 Hand, refufes the Aid of the Hand, 
 and withftands the EfFed of the 
 Bridle. 
 
 PRESTESSE. 
 
 Prefiejfe is a Word ufed in the 
 Trench Academies, to (ignify the 
 Diligence of a Horfe working in the 
 Manage, 
 
 PRICKING. 
 
 When a Horfe has been prick'd 
 in the Foot, when he ftands ftill, 
 he will ftand moftly on his Toe, 
 
 If a Horfe has been prick'd in 
 fhoeing, to know where the Ail- 
 ment lies, before you take off his 
 Shoe, try by nipping him with the 
 Pinchers, or by knocking with the 
 Hammer upon the Head of the Nails 
 where the Hurt lies ; and then take 
 off his Shoe, and pare him by de- 
 grees, till you have come to the 
 bottom of the Woutid, and made it 
 clear ; then having Turpentine^ 
 frefl) Butter and Pitch boiled toge- 
 ther, pour it in fcalding hot j after- 
 wards dip Kurds of Tow in it, and 
 
 A^ 4 
 
 ?Qa. 
 
P u 
 
 ( 360 ) 
 
 P u 
 
 PURSIVENESS. 
 Thofe Difeares,whore principal Seat 
 Is in the Lungs, proceed from an Ul- 
 .cer,or fome inward W3fting,by which 
 the fmall Veffels are v/orn or abra- 
 ded, by theSharpnefsand Acrimony 
 pf the common Difcharges, or from 
 fome Stagnation whith hinders the 
 Air from penetrating ^o as to lift up 
 the Lungs in the A£l of Refpiration ; 
 or when there is tough and mucila- 
 ginous Matter feparatedin the Bran- 
 ches of the Wind-pipe, the Horfe 
 may be faid to be purfi ve or broken- 
 Winded. 
 
 The Caufe. Purjivenefs may be 
 caus'd by Cold, Surfeits, and other 
 Difeafes, that have not been thorow- 
 ly carried off, but chiefly by obfti- 
 nate Colds ; becaufe they do in a 
 more efpecial manner, afFed the 
 Liings. Purfive Diforders may alfo 
 be caufed by unwholfome Food and 
 bad Air, h^ird Riding when a Horfe 
 is full ; for thereby the Blood is 
 thrown into the Lungs fo impetu- 
 oufly, and in fuch great Quantity, 
 that it fudoenly caufes foundring and 
 Inflammation; and this is often fol- 
 lowed by an inward Abfcefs or Ul- 
 ter, which proves incurable. 
 
 The Signs, The Signs are com- 
 monly a heaving and beating of the 
 Flanks, a wheezing and rattling^ and 
 fometimes the Kernels about the 
 Throat will fwell, and there will be 
 a glandered Running at the Nofe, 
 which laft Cafe \s defperate. 
 
 The Cure, The principal Thing 
 to be obferved, is the conimon Feed- 
 ing and Exercife, which fhonld be 
 inoHpra^e, and his Exercife not upon 
 a full Stomach : He muft neither 
 jiaye too plentiful Feeding, or too 
 much Witer to drink ; for when the 
 Sfornach is full, it makes the Sto- 
 mach which lies level with the Luna?, 
 more apt tc prefs foiward on the 
 ^iHriff, and hinders the Adion of 
 
 And thofe Horfcs that have their 
 Pipes obftrufted with thick mucila- 
 ginous Matter, their Diftemper is 
 more violent by fits than it is at o- 
 ther Times, and therefore require 
 Medicines of a more powerful Effi- 
 cacy. 
 
 ' Take Galhanum and Gutn-^m- 
 ' moniacufVy of each half a pound ; 
 
 * Burdock-Kocts, a pound ; let them 
 ^ be well pounded in a Mortar, with 
 
 * a quarter of a pound of Flowers 
 
 * of Benjamin y adding by degrees, 
 ' Sweet-Oil, till it becomes a Pafte 
 ' fit to be made into Bplls i then 
 ' make it up into Balls, weighing 
 ' each 2 ounces.' 
 
 Give the Horfe daily 2 of thefe 
 B.^lls, one in the Morning, and the 
 other in the Afternoon, 2 Hours 
 beTore he is watered ; and keep him 
 ail that while ty'd up to the Rack. 
 
 Or you may give him the follow- 
 ing : 
 
 ' Stamp 8 Heads of GarlicJ^, 2 
 
 * ounces of Horfe-RadjJJ;^ in a Mor- 
 ' tar ; then add to them 3 Ounces 
 
 * of Flowers of Btimfione, and 
 ' make them into a Mafs, with a fuf- 
 
 * ficient quantity of Sweet-Oil ; 
 ' make thefe into 4 Balls.* Let 
 the Horfe have one of them in the 
 Morning, and another in the After- 
 noon, as direded above. 
 
 All thofe Remedies that are pro- 
 per for a Cold, are alfo good m 
 this Cafe. 
 
 You may give the Horfe inllead 
 of his Oats, fometimes fcalded Bar- 
 ley, and Barley boil'd in his Water, 
 with Liquorice. 
 
 Thofe Horfes that are not only 
 purfive but confumptive, before they 
 begin to fall away, may be thus or- 
 dered : Let them not eat too much 
 Hay, nor drink too rnufb Waierj 
 efpecially at one Time, 
 
 * Give them Linfeed and fenni-' 
 ^ ^reek'f^eds in their Corn, and 
 < fonii; 
 
P u 
 
 ( l6i ) 
 
 p y 
 
 ^ fometlmes Fennel, CarawWjs and 
 ' Annifeeds, Roil Barley and Li- 
 
 * qnonce, and Honey in their Wa- 
 " ter ; bur the Liquorice muft not 
 
 * be always put in, efpecfally if they 
 
 * wafte much in their Fiefh.' 
 
 Give them fome Exercife every 
 day ; but let it be moderate and in 
 good Weather. This will break the 
 toughnefs of -he Blood, and keep 
 the Difcharges free and open. 
 
 if at any time fuch a Horfe is Cei- 
 zed with dn Oppre(fion, and a great- 
 er Difficulty or breathing than ordi- 
 nary, it will be proper to open a 
 Vein in i);'? Flank, and to take thence 
 a fmall quantity or Blood. But this 
 h only to be done in Cafes of Necef- 
 fity. Bur give him the following 
 Balis : 
 
 ' Take Myrrh and Gum-Benz,oin^ 
 
 * of each half a pound ; Gum-Ara- 
 
 * hitk^ Round-Bir;hwort^ Harts- 
 
 * Horn or Ivcry Shavings, and the 
 
 * Roots of Orice, of each a quarter 
 ' of a pound ^ Oalangal and Zedca- 
 ^ ry^ of each 2 ounces ; Cummin^ 
 ^ Fennel and Fennigreek-feed, of 
 ' each 3 ounces ; reduce them to a 
 
 * fine Powder, and make them in- 
 
 * to a ftifF Parte, with Hmey or Sy- 
 ' rup of Colts-foot ; then work 2 
 ' ounces of the common Baljam of 
 
 * Sulphur, among the whole Mafs. 
 f Make Balls thereof about the fize 
 ^ of a large Walnut, and oive the 
 
 * Horfe one in the Morning, and 
 ' one- in the Afternoon, an Hour 
 
 * before you water him.' 
 
 PUT. 
 Put is ufed for the breaking or 
 
 managing a Horfe ; as, To put a 
 Horfe to Corvets, to put a Horfe 
 to Capriols, e^c. 
 
 TQput a Horfe upon his Haunch- 
 es, is to make him bend them in 
 galloping in the Manage^ or upon a 
 Stop. 
 
 PUTPv^EFACTION. 
 
 Putrefafiion is Rottennefs j any 
 kind of Fermentation or inteftine 
 Motion of Bodies, which tends to 
 the deftruftion of that Form of their 
 Exiflence, which is faid to be their 
 natural State, 
 
 PUTRID FEVER. 
 
 A Putrid Fever is a kind of Fever 
 where the Humours or part of them 
 have fo little circulatory Motion, 
 that they fall into an inteftine one, 
 and putrefy. 
 
 P Y E - B A L D. 
 
 A Pye-bald Horfe, is a Horfe 
 that has white Spots upon a Coat of 
 another Colour j fo there are Pye- 
 bald Bays, Pye-bald Blacks, Pye- 
 bald Sorrels, zp'c. 
 
 P y R O E T. 
 
 Pyroets are of one Tread or Plftey 
 or of two. 
 
 A Fyroet of one Tread, is an m- 
 tire or very narrow Turn, which a 
 Horfe makes upon one Tread, and 
 almoft in one Time, in fuch man- 
 ner, that his Head is plac'd where 
 his Tail was, without putting out his 
 Haunches. 
 
 Pyroets of two Treads or Pijles^ 
 are Turns of two Treads upon a 
 fmall compafs of Ground, almoft of 
 the length of the Horfe. 
 
 Qi 
 
au 
 
 r 362 ) 
 
 au 
 
 ^^^mmmimmmm^mmm^mmmmmm^ 
 
 QPl ftands in Phyficians Pre- 
 • fcripiions for fflu.intum pla- 
 cet, and fignifies as much as you 
 pleafe. 
 
 i^. V, (lands Tor Quantum vis, 
 as much as you will. 
 
 §i.S, ftands for quantum fatis, 
 and fignifies a fuf^icient Quantity, 
 (QUALITY. 
 
 Quality m general fignifies the 
 Properties or Affedtions of any 
 Thing, by which it acquires fome 
 particular Denomination. 
 QUARTAN. 
 
 A §}uartan is an intermitting Fe- 
 ver, where the Fit returns every third 
 Day, the two fick Days being reck- 
 oned, and the two intermitting ones 
 making four. 
 
 Q^U ARTER. 
 
 To work a Horfe from Quarter 
 to Quarter, is to ride a Horfe 3 
 times in end upon the firll of the 4 
 fides of a Square ; then changing 
 the Hand, to ride him 5 times along 
 the fecond 5 at the third time to 
 chan;^e your Hand, and fo to pafs 
 to the third and fourth, obferving 
 the fame Method. This is called in 
 French Quart en quart. 
 
 FALSE Q^IT A R T E R. 
 
 Take off the Shoe, and takea- 
 way fo much of the Hoof on that 
 fide on which the Sore is, that the 
 Chink may be wholly uncovered 
 when the Shoe is fee on again. 
 Then with a Drawing-Iron open the 
 Chink to the quick, and fill up the 
 Rift with a Roll of Hurds, dip'd in 
 the following Ointment : 
 
 ' Take Turpentiney Wax, and 
 * Sheep Suety of each a like quan- 
 
 * tity, melt them together, and dip 
 
 * the Hurds in them, and (lop the 
 
 * Rift with them : Do this once a 
 ' day, till it is whole.' The Rift 
 being clofed at top with this Oint- 
 ment, draw the Place between the 
 Hoof and the Hair, overthwart the 
 Place with a hot Iron, and that will 
 make it grow and fhoot downwards. 
 Ride not the Horfe with any other 
 Shoe, till the Foot be hardened and 
 grown found. 
 
 QIJEEN OF THE MEADOWS. 
 
 Qlueen oj the Meadows, called al- 
 fo ^Mead-Sweet, or Meadow-Sweety 
 is of an aflringent Quality, and good 
 for Hxmoirhages inward or out- 
 ward, flops the Flux of the Belly, 
 heals old Ulcer?, Fidulas and Can- 
 kers. The didiird Water is good 
 for Inflammations in the Eyes. 
 QU i C K-L I M E. See L 1 M E- 
 STONE. 
 
 Quich-Lime is Lime-done un- 
 burnt. It is only a kind of a Pit- 
 done, which is very hard : It has 
 not of it felf any other Virtues than 
 what are common to feveral other 
 Stones ; but after it has been well 
 burnt in a Lime-Kiln into a Cak, 
 and plentecufly imbibed the fiery 
 Particles, it becomes as efficacious 
 as the Fire it felf, and is ufed as a 
 Caudick, to burn and dedroy pre- 
 ternatural Excrefcencesof any kind. 
 Q^U I C K S C A B. 
 
 A Quic^ Scab putrefies and cor- 
 rupts the Blood and Flefh, and at 
 length breaks out into a loathfome 
 and infeftious Difeafe, much like 
 to the Mange and Leprofy. 
 
 U 
 
au 
 
 ( 363 ) 
 
 Q.U 
 
 It is called a S}uick Scab, becaufe 
 it runs from one Mennber to ano- 
 ther ; for it will be fometimes in 
 the Neck, and at other times in the 
 Bread: ; fometimes in the Mane, 
 and then another time in the Tail. 
 
 It is a fcorbutick Diforder. 
 
 The Cai'fe, It comes fometimes 
 by a Surfeit gotten by hard Riding 
 or Labour. 
 
 The Cure. Let the Horfe blood, 
 a fmall quantity, and clip away the 
 Hair from the Part where the Sore 
 \s^ and clear the Place from Scurf 
 and Scabs, and wafh the Parts with 
 Lime- Water. 
 
 ' Boil Mallows and MarfJj-mal- 
 ' lows, equal Qiian'ities, in fair Wz- 
 ' ter, till they are foft, and bathe the 
 ' Sore for 2 or ^ Days facceflively 
 
 * with the Decoftion warm : After- 
 ' v;ards take half a Pint of Honey ^ 
 
 * Alum, Copperas, and Verdegreafe 
 
 * finely powdered, of each 2 oun- 
 ' ces. Turpentine, and Ouickfilver 
 
 * killed, oF each an ounce, and mix 
 ' all together with the Honey to an 
 
 * Ointment, and drefs him with it 
 ' every Day till he is well. 
 
 Q^U I'C K S I L V E R. 
 
 Quick filver is a fluid Mineral, that 
 runs in certain Veins of Earth. It 
 is good for the Farcin. It is feldom 
 or never given in Subftance, but the 
 Preparation : See Mercury. Some 
 prefcribe to eive a Horfe a quarter 
 of a pound of it in Sallet-Oil, for 
 the twifting of the Guts. 
 QUINCES. 
 
 Quinces are a Fruit very rough, 
 and of an aftringent Quality ; they 
 ftrengthen the Stomach, and are 
 good to ftop Fluxes of all kinds. 
 The Syrup is very cooling, and 
 proper to fweeten feveral Drinks in 
 Pevers. 
 
 Q^UITTER-BONE. 
 
 Quiiter-Bone is a hard round 
 Swelling upon the Cronetj between 
 
 the Heel and the Quarter, and grows 
 moft commonly on the Infide of 
 the Foot. Or an Impofthume 
 breeding between the Hoof and 
 Coffin-bone, on the upper Part, and 
 appears by a Swelling on the Cronet. 
 
 The Caufe. Sometimes it is cau- 
 ftd by Gravel underneath the Shoe, 
 or by fome Bruife, Stab, Piick of 
 a Nail, or the like ; which having 
 been neglefted, breaks out about 
 the Hoof : Or it may proceed from 
 bad Humours that defcend down to 
 that Place, or by a Blow, Strain, or 
 Over-reach ; and fometimes it is 
 caufed by a long continued Swelling 
 of the Legs and Pafterns, 
 
 The Signs, The Horfe will halt 
 much, and the Swelling is vifible, 
 and will come to a Head in 4 or 5 
 Days, and break out with Marter at 
 a little deep Hole like a Fiftula. 
 
 The Cure, Some dired to open 
 n^ and to put Oil of Vitriol into it, 
 which will fo eat about the Bone, 
 that you may thruft it out. If ic 
 eats too much the eating of it may 
 be ftopp'd by Cold Water, or Cop>' 
 peras Water, which will both keep 
 it fweet and clean, and hinder proud 
 Flefh from growing in it. It may 
 be healed up with Salve made of 
 Turpentine and ^j^ickfilver j always 
 wa filing it before it is drefs'd with 
 Copperas Water, or Auripigmentujn 
 finely pov^dered, and fteeped 28 
 Hours in White Wine, Do the 
 fame alfo after the Bone or Grif^Ie 
 is taken out, and heal it up with 
 Copperas Water and Green Ointment^ 
 and let not the Horfe come into Wa- 
 ter during the time of Cure. 
 
 Others fay, That if this Ulcer be 
 not of a long ftanding, you may 
 cure it by applying to it JE^yptia- 
 cum mixed with BafUicon, or Tur- 
 pentine . 
 
 But if it be of a long Continu- 
 ance, fo that th^ Matter by lodging 
 between 
 
Q^U 
 
 ( 3^4 ) 
 
 Q.U 
 
 between the Hoof and Coffin-bone 
 may probaby have rotted the Coffin- 
 bone, or Tendons of the Mufcles 
 which pafs between that Bone and 
 the Hoof, then it will be necelTary 
 to open the Swelling with a Razor, 
 or fome fharp Inftrument, and to 
 cut away all that is corrupted and 
 rotten, either under the Hoof, or 
 any other Pait of the Foot, and alfo 
 to rafp down fome Part of the Hoof, 
 to make room for the Operation. 
 
 And if any Bits fhall remain, that 
 are not eafily to be come at with the 
 Inftrument, rhev ought to be taken 
 off by Dozels of Flax, dip'd in JE- 
 gyptiacutn, made warm and apply*d, 
 laying Pledgets foaked in hot Tar 
 over all. 
 
 But if it is difficult to feparate that 
 griftly Subftance, then having made 
 a Paile of Spirit tf Wine, Myrrh, 
 Aloes^ and Subtimatey in equal 
 Quantities, and reduc'd into fine 
 Powder, apply to the Grille that re- 
 mains, and lay Pledgets foaked in 
 hot Tar over it. 
 
 And when you perceive that it is 
 cleared from the fuperfluous Sub- 
 ftances, and looks clean, then heal 
 up the Ulcer with Tar, Honey^ and 
 Turpentine^ and wafh it now and 
 then with Copperas or Vitriolated 
 Water. 
 
 ' Another Remedy, 
 
 Tent it with Hogs-greafe and Ver- 
 degreafe ground together, for a Day 
 or two, then pour fcalding hot 
 Greafe into the Hole, and after- 
 wards lay over it a Planer of Pitch 
 and Tar for 24 Hours -, and if the 
 Bone doe^ not rife, take it out with 
 a Pair of Nippers, and heal it with 
 a proper Salve. 
 
 Another, 
 
 Boil Verdegreafe finely powdered 
 in Honey, till it is red, and tent the 
 Wound with it til! it \s whole ; be 
 fure to keep the Wound open, that 
 
 it may not heal up above before it 
 be well healed at the bottom. 
 Another, 
 
 Put Arfenicl^ powdered fine, the 
 quantity of a fmall Bean into the 
 Bottom of the Sore, andftopupthe 
 Orifice with Hurds, tying a Cioth 
 over it that the Horfe may not bite 
 it off, which if he did it would poi- 
 fon him j and keep him firm up to 
 the Rack, till the Anguifh of the 
 Arfenick is over. Let it lie for 24 
 Hours before you open it, and then 
 if \t look black it \s a Sign that it 
 hath anfwered the End. 
 
 Then in order to allay the Fiie, 
 and bring on the Flelli, tent it with 
 Turpentine and Hogi-greafe melted 
 together, and cover the Tent with a 
 Plainer made of Pitch, Rojin, Tur- 
 pentine and Wax melted together : 
 Drefs it with this every Day, till the 
 Core or fharp Griflle is got out, for 
 the Sore will never heal till that is 
 out ; and heal it up with green 
 Ointment. 
 
 In order to perform this laft O- 
 peration others direft, To take up 
 the Vein in the Small of the Leg ; 
 if the Quitter- bone be on the Infide 
 of the Leg above the Hoof, then you 
 are to take up the Vein in the Infide 
 of the Leg, if it be on the Outfide 
 of the Leg, then you muft take up 
 the Vein on the Outfide of the Leg, 
 which is the way to further the Cure, 
 by taking up the Vem that feeds it. 
 See the manner of taking up a Vein 
 in the Article Vein, 
 
 When the Vtm has been taken up 
 let it bleed well, and put fome But- 
 ter and Salt into the Wound. Then 
 having fearched the Quitter-bone to 
 the Bottom with a little Tow or 
 Hurds or Linen Cloth wound about 
 the End of the Inftrument, pufing 
 it in where you fee the Matter come 
 out ; and when you have cleanfed 
 the Wound then put ia the Arfentck 
 
 as 
 
Q.U ( 3> 
 
 as before direfted, letting it lie on 
 48 Hours : And when you take a- 
 way the Clothes and Huids, put the 
 Horfe's Foot in a Pail of Water for 
 a quarter of an Hour, or lead him 
 into a clear River, that no Sand or 
 Dirt may get into the Wound. 
 
 This pucting the Foot in Water is 
 to be repeated once a Day for a 
 V^'eek, and take off his wet Hurd 
 Cloths, and put on dry ones ^ and 
 I you need do no more till the Quit- 
 ter-bone comes out. Then heal the 
 '■ Wound as follows : 
 
 Put a Pennvworth of Honey into 
 a Pipkin, fet it on the Fire, and when 
 it is hot put in a Pennyworth of Ver- 
 deqreaje^ and 3 or 4. Spoonfuls of 
 White Wme Vinegar ; let them boil 
 for half an hour, let it cool, dip 
 Tow in it, and put to the Wound, 
 and lay dry Tow or Hurds over it, 
 and tie a Cloth over all, and thus 
 drefs it once a Day till it begins to 
 heal 5 and afterwards but once in 2 
 Dciys, and fo feldomer and feldom- 
 er ttll ir is well. 
 
 You muft remember this, not to 
 put in Arferucl(^ but once. 
 
 If proud Flefh fhould grow in it 
 while you are healing it, fcald it 
 with Butter and Salty and that will 
 keep it down. 
 
 And after the Core is ou^, it may 
 be very proper, before you fet about 
 the healing it, to wafh the Sore well 
 with White Wine Vinegar^ and after- 
 wards to wafh it with White Wine 
 Vinegar^ Honey^ and Verdegreafe 
 boiled together j and afterwards to 
 heal it with the Salve in the Receipt 
 following : 
 
 Others dired if it be far gone, to 
 
 5 ) 
 
 au 
 
 takeofFa Quarterof the Hoof, right 
 under the Uttitter-bone, that it may 
 drain the better : To draw it down 
 with a Dra wing-Knife to the quick, 
 and to pull away the Piece of Hoof 
 W'th a Pair of Pincers, and after- 
 wards to lay a Piece of a Hare's Skin 
 lightly to it to flop the Blood, and 
 not to meddle any more with it for 
 2i Hours ; then to take away the 
 Skin, and to wafh it with Wine Vi- 
 negar, and to fcald it with Butter 
 and Salt as hot as you can, to kill 
 the Ranklina;, and to prevent dead 
 Flefti from growing. This is to be 
 repeated three times, once every o- 
 ther Day ; after which take Verde- 
 greafe the quantity of 5 Hazel Nuts, 
 reduce it to Powder, and boil it in 
 a Pint of Wine Vinegar, and the fame 
 quantity of Honey, Itirring it con- 
 {\antly while it boils, for half an 
 Hour together •, then to take it off, 
 and having put it in an earthen Vef- 
 fel, anoint the Wound once a Day 
 with it till it \s whole ; and then in 
 order to make the Hoof grow, to 
 anoint that with Talhw, Tar, Dogs 
 Greafe, and Turpentine boiled to- 
 ge'.her. The Turpentine muft not 
 be put in till a little before it is ta- 
 ken off the Fire, and muft be well 
 ftirred. 
 
 If there is a Probability of effeft- 
 ing the Cure without pulling off the 
 Hoof, do not do it ; for that will be 
 a long time in curing to Compleat- 
 nefs. Let the Horfe be kept dry in 
 the Houfe during the Time of Cute. 
 
 This Way is certain, tho not the * 
 eafieft, but will do when others 
 fail. 
 
 R. 
 
R A 
 
 ( i66 ) 
 
 R A 
 
 ^l^?«@ll0BiO^iie»«0ii^s0llo» 
 
 R. 
 
 RSet at the beginning of Pre- 
 • fcriptions, ftands for Keci- 
 pe, i. e. take. 
 
 RACKING. 
 
 A racking Pace of a Hoife, is the 
 fame as an Amble, only that it is a 
 fwifter Time, and a (horter Tread j 
 and the it does not rid fo much 
 Ground, yet it is fomething eafier. 
 RADICAL. 
 
 Radical Moijiure, is a Term of 
 an extenfive Signification ; but if it 
 be limited to any particular Senfe, is 
 to be underftood to mean the Mafs 
 of Blood, which is the Piomptuary 
 from whence all the other Fluids in 
 a human Body are derived. 
 
 HORSE-RA DISH. 
 
 Horfe-Radifl} is of an expelling and 
 cleanfing Quality •, it provokes U- 
 rine, is good in the Strangury, Drop- 
 fy, and all lUnefs ; being bruifed 
 and applied outwardly to old Griefs, 
 takes them away. 
 
 R A G O T. 
 
 A Kagot is a Horfe having (liort 
 Legs, a broad Croupe, and a ftrong, 
 thick Body ; and differs from a 
 Gouffat in this. That a GouJJ'at has 
 a thicker Neck, and more Shoul- 
 ders. 
 
 R A G >5^ O R T. 
 
 Ragwort otherwife call'd Stagger- 
 wort, or St. ^ames^S'Wort, is clean- 
 ling, digefting and difcuffive 5 the 
 Juice is good to heal all green 
 Wounds, and cleanfe and heal foul 
 Ulcers in any part of the Body j al- 
 fo for Ulcers in the Mouth or Throat, 
 hard Swellings and Impofthuma- 
 
 tions i alfo to ftop Catarrhs, thin 
 Rheums and Diftillations from the 
 Head into the Eyes. 
 
 RAISE. 
 
 To raife,\s fometimes ufed to fig- 
 nify the placing a Horfe's Head 
 right, and to make him carry well, 
 to hinder him from carrying low, or 
 arming himfelf. It fometimes fig- 
 nifits to make a Horfe work, as to 
 raife him on Caprioles^ on Corvets 
 or Pe fades, 
 
 RAISINS. 
 
 There are 2 forts commonly ufed^ 
 Kaifim of the Sun, and Malaga 
 Raifins i they are only Grapes dried; 
 they are deterfive and cleanfing, and 
 therefore very feiviceable in all Foul- 
 nefies of the Lungs, which are cau- 
 fed by tough, mucilaginous Phlegm. 
 They are cooling and relaxing to the 
 Bowels, and promote Urint. The 
 Malaga Raifins are the moft balfa- 
 mick of the two, and for that rea- 
 fon more fuitable to a wafted Con- 
 ftitution that needs repairing. 
 RAKE. 
 
 A Horfo is faid to raJ^e^ when be- 
 ing shoulder -fplaity or having ftrain- 
 ed his Fore-quarters, he goes fo 
 lame, as to drag one of his Fore- 
 legs in a Semicircle. This is more 
 vifibie when he trots, than when he 
 paces. 
 
 RAKING. 
 
 Raking of a Horfe, is to draw his 
 Ordure out of his Fundament when 
 he cannot dung ; in doing which, 
 the Hand (hould be anointed with 
 Sallet-oil, Butter or Hogs-greafe. 
 
 RAMI- 
 
R A 
 
 ( 3^7 ) 
 
 R A 
 
 RAMIFICATION. 
 
 Ramification is a Colledion of 
 fmall Branches of Nerves or Blood- 
 yeflelSj fhooting out from the lar- 
 ger ones. Hence in Anatomy , 
 the Branchings of an Artery, Vein, 
 or Nerve, are called its Ramifi- 
 cations, 
 
 RA MI N G UE. 
 
 A Kamingue is a reftive Horfe 
 that refifts the Spurs, or cleaves to 
 them, /. e. defends himfelf vit:oufly 
 againft the Spurs ; fometimes dou- 
 bles his Rein, and frequently yerks 
 to favour his Difobedience. 
 R A M P I N. 
 
 Rampiriy Co the French call a 
 Horfe that does not reft his hinder 
 Feet all equally upon the Shoe, but 
 raifes his Heel, and goes upon the 
 Toes of his hind Feet. 
 
 RANCID. 
 
 Thofe Thmas are faid to be ran- 
 cid^ that contra^ a ftrong offenfive 
 Smeil by keeping ; of which Kmd, 
 are all fat oily Seeds, and whatever 
 abounds with Oil. 
 
 RASE. 
 
 To rafe upon the Ground, is to 
 gallop near the Ground, as is the 
 Faculty of Englifn Horfes. They do 
 not rife enough in their Gallop, raife 
 not their Fore-quarters high eiioughj 
 and go but coldly. 
 
 R A SURE. 
 
 A Rafure is the fame as Abrajion^ 
 or any thing done by fcraping or 
 (Havinii, 
 
 R A T - T A I L S. 
 
 Defcripion. Rat Tails are cal- 
 lous hard Swellings upon the hinder 
 Legs of a Hone under the Hough, 
 running along the Sinew. They 
 are called Rat-Tails, from the Re- 
 femblance they bear to the Tail of 
 a Rat. 
 
 They are alfo diftinguffhed from 
 the Scratches^ Warts and other Ex- 
 crefceflces in the Legs and Pafterns^ 
 
 in that they generally creep from the 
 Pattern to the middle of the Shank, 
 along the Mafter-finev/, or on the 
 fide of it ; and admit of the fame 
 Method of Cure. 
 
 Cure» ' Take a pound of green 
 
 * Viinoly and boil it in 2 quarts of 
 ' running Water, with Alum^ Muf- 
 ' tard^ iidge and Hyjfop^ of each 2 
 
 * handtuls : And the Night before 
 ' this is appiy'd to the Part, anoint 
 
 * all the Sores with ftrong Muftard, 
 ' and make them raw ; and the next 
 ' day wafti them with this Water, 
 ' and it will cure.' 
 
 Some of them are dry and hard, 
 and fome moift. 
 
 If they are hard, you may either 
 loofen them or cut them off with 
 a hot Knife •, and after you have 
 done this, drefs them with Turpen- 
 tine, Tar znd Honey^ and if you fee 
 occafion, you may mix Verdegreafe 
 and white Vitriol , or Hog-greafe^ 
 BritnftGne, Soap, Hrney artd Sootj 
 boil'd to a Poultice ; adding an 
 ounce of Verdegreafe powdered, to 
 every 8 ounces of the Compofition. 
 Another. 
 
 * Shave away the Hair, and leave 
 ' the Sore raw ^ wafti it with old 
 
 * Vinegar warm \ then take Vine- 
 ' gar^ black Soap and Muflard, of 
 
 * each equal Quaniities, and Ox- 
 ' gall 5 mix them well together, 
 
 * and rub the Sore with it, and bind 
 ' a Cloth on it.' Do this once a 
 day till it is whole ; afterwards a- 
 noint it with Neats-foot oil to fupple 
 the Joints again. 
 
 Another, 
 ' Take half a pound of black- 
 Soap ; a quarter of a pound of 
 ' Quicl^-lime powdered, and make 
 
 * an Ointment with a fufficient 
 ' quantity of Vinegar/ 
 
 RATTLE-GRASS. 
 Rattle-zrafs is of 1 forts, the red 
 and the yellow. The red fort is ef- 
 ficacious 
 
R E 
 
 ( 3^8 ) 
 
 R E 
 
 ficaciousm. healing Fiftulas and hol- 
 low Ulcers, and other Hsemorrha- 
 ges^ being boiled in red Wine and 
 given. The yellow fort is good for 
 Coughs and dimnefs of Sight. 
 RAZE. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have razed^ 
 when his corner Teeth ceafe to be 
 hollow ; fo that the Cavity where 
 the black Mark was is filled up, and 
 the Teeth are even, fmooth, and ra- 
 zed or fhav'd as it were, and the 
 Mark does not appear. This is a 
 fign the Horfe has almoft entred in- 
 to his eighth Year. 
 
 REALGAR. 
 
 Realgar or Rejalgar, is a Com- 
 pofition of Sulphur, Orpiment and 
 unflaked Lime 5 a very ftrong Cor- 
 rofive ; is us'd in outward Applica- 
 dons as a Cauftick to eat oflF proud 
 Flefh, and deftroy preternatural Ex- 
 crefcences, ^c. 
 
 REAR. 
 
 To rear up, is when a Horfe fi- 
 fes upon his hind Legs as if he 
 would come quite over. 
 
 RECl PI EN T. 
 
 Recipient is a Veflel which is made 
 the Receiver in Diftillation. 
 
 RECIPROCATION. 
 
 Reciprocation is when 2 Difeafes 
 or Symptoms, fucceed one another 
 alternaielv. 
 
 RECREMENT. 
 
 Recrement fignifies any fort of 
 ufeful Moifture , as thofe fecreted 
 Juices in the Body, which are after- 
 wards of ufe when mix'd with o- 
 thers, as the Lympha and Spittle, 
 RECRUDESCENT. 
 
 Recrude/ceni is ufed of any Dif- 
 temper that was gone off, and re- 
 turns again, as the Paroxifms of 
 intermittent Fevers. 
 
 R E D - L E A D. 
 
 Red-Lead is nothing but Lead cal- 
 cin'd to aRednefs. It is of a very 
 drying Qualityj and for shat reafon 
 
 ufed in Plafters and Ointments of 
 that Intention. 
 
 R E F L L^ E N T. 
 
 Refluent fignifies flowing back, 
 and IS generally faid of the venal 
 Blood, becaufe it flows back to the 
 He5rt. 
 
 REFRIGERATORY. 
 
 A Rtfrigeratory is a Cooler, be- 
 ing that part of a Vefl^el ufed in 
 Diflillation, that is placed about the 
 Head of a Still, and filled with Wa- 
 ter to cool the ccndenfing Vapours. 
 This is now done by a Worm or 
 fpiral Pipe, running thro' a Tub of 
 cold Water. 
 
 REINS, 
 
 A Horfe Ihould have double 
 Reins, that is, when he has them a 
 little more elevated upon each fide 
 oftheB^ck-bone, than upon it; and 
 that paflilng your Hand along it, 
 you find it large, well furnifh'd and 
 double, by the hollow that goes all 
 along the Back-bone. The Back 
 fhould be firm, and not at all hol- 
 low or bending from the Withers to 
 the Croup, but ftrait. 
 REINS. 
 
 The Reins for Horfesare 2 Straps 
 of Leather meeting in the Bridle- 
 hand of the Horfeman in order tcr 
 make the Bit bear, and keep the 
 Horfe under Subjeiftion. 
 
 FALSE RE IN. 
 
 A falfe Rein is a Lath of Lea- 
 ther pafs*d fometimes thro* the Arch 
 of the Banquet, to bend the Horfe's 
 Neck. 
 
 RELAXATION. 
 
 Relaxation is a flackening or un- 
 bending any Parts or VefTels. 
 R E M O L A D E. 
 
 Remolade is a Charge. 
 R E M O U L I N. 
 
 Remoulin is a Star upon the Fore- 
 head of a Horfe. 
 
 RENETTE. 
 
 RsnstH is an Inftrument of po- 
 lifh'i 
 
R E 
 
 ( 3^9 ) 
 
 R E 
 
 Jjfh'd Steel for founding the Foot of 
 a Horfe in cafe he is piick'd. 
 R E P A RT. 
 To repart is to put a Horfe on, 
 or to make him part a fecond time. 
 REPELLENTS. 
 Repellents are Medicines which 
 prevent fuch an AfHux of the Fluids 
 to any particular Part as will raife it 
 into a Tumour, or drive them back 
 when they are collecled. 
 
 REPERCUTIENTS. 
 Reperctitients are the fame as Re- 
 pellents. 
 
 R E P O L O N. 
 A RepoLon is a De-mivolt^ the 
 Croupe in, clos'd at 5 times. 
 REPRISE. 
 Repr'ife is a Leflbn repeated, or a 
 Manage recommenced. 
 
 REST-HARROW^. 
 Refi-harroiv,oi\\tx\\'\{''Q called Cam- 
 mocl^^ is of a hot attenuating Na- 
 ture. The Bark of the Root pow- 
 erfully provokes Urine, and opens 
 Obftruftionsof the Liver and Spleen. 
 RESISTING. 
 A Horfe \s faid to refift the Hand, 
 when either thro* Fierynefs, or an 
 cxceflive Defire to go forward^ he 
 very much oppofes the Hand of the 
 Rider who would reftrain him. 
 RESTORATIVES. 
 Are fuch Medicines as add to the 
 Bulk of the Solids, and repair a 
 wafted Ccnflitution. 
 
 R E S T Y. 
 A Refty or refi'if Horfe \s a vici- 
 ous unruly Horfe, that (hrugs him- 
 felf fhort, and will go no where but 
 where he pleafes. 
 
 RETAIN. 
 To retain^ fpoken of Mares, is to 
 hold, u e. Haying conceived after 
 Covering. 
 
 RETENTIVE. 
 Retentive Faculty, or Retention, 
 is that State of Contraftion in the 
 folid Parts, which makes them retain 
 what they contain. 
 
 RETIRING. 
 This LeiTon oi: Retinng a Horfe 
 ought to be made very perfeft in i 
 He ought not (O retire in a confufed 
 manner, but with a brave Pvein, a 
 condant Head, and a dire^ Line ; 
 he nuift not draw or fweep his Legs 
 one after another, but take them up 
 clean, and nimbly, and loftily, as if 
 he trotted forward. 
 
 R E T O I RS. 
 Retoirs are Ointments that raifq 
 Blifters. 
 
 R E T R A I t. 
 Retrait \s a Prick in the Footj 
 which does not always happen by 
 Carelefnefs, but fometimes by rea* 
 fon of the Weaknefs of the 'Nai'^ 
 and the Hollov.mefs of the Shank^ 
 the Point then bending awry into the 
 Q^iiick, inftead of going right thro*, 
 or li' it be hollow, fhivers in the 
 driving into Parts ; in the pulling 
 out of which one rafeth the Qiiick, 
 or eife breaks afunder and fo itays 
 behind. A Retrait may alfo be 
 
 17^' 
 
 caus'd by fliarp Splents or Stubs 
 fticking in the tender Pans within 
 the Sole. 
 
 Any of thefe caufe great Pain, and 
 if neglefted VviU foul t^he Bone. 
 
 The P.eafon of this will be plain' 
 i^ it be confidered, that the 'Foot of 
 a Horfe confifts of a very open and 
 fpungy Bone, full of little Holes fot 
 the Pjfiage of Veffels, and alfo fe- 
 veral Sinus's for the Infert^^n of 
 Mufcles, that compofe moft of thg 
 Subftance lying between it and the 
 Hoof ; for which reafon when thofe 
 fenfible Parts are wounded by any 
 Accidents, they are apt to ulcerate^ 
 and are not to be cur'd without dif- 
 ficulty, if they are not taken in time. 
 
 The Signs. When the Qiiick is 
 touch'd, the Horfe will fhrink and 
 ftruggle, and will halt much. 
 
 To find out the Grievance^ There 
 
 h a greater Difficulty in this thania 
 
 Other Grievances, becaufe in thofe 
 
 -B b Vine 
 
RE (37 
 
 V.ms that are covered with Flefh, 
 there will be an outward Swelling, 
 altho the Caufe be in the Bone: 
 But (he Parts fubjed to this Accident, 
 are a.l included in the Hoof as in a 
 Box, and the hardnefs of the Hoof 
 hinders its fwelling, fo that the Dan- 
 ger may eafily be overlooked. 
 
 Examine the Foot of the Horfe 
 with a Hammer, if it be by a Piick in 
 fhoeing, and knock on the Clench 
 of every Nail ^ for when you ftrike 
 upon the Nail where the Grief- is, 
 the Horfe will fhsink up his Foot ; 
 and if that does not do, pinch his 
 Foot all round wiih a Pair of Pin- 
 cers, till you have difcuvered where 
 the Grief lies. 
 
 The Cure, If it be only a Prick 
 in fhoeint^, it is fe'dom attended 
 with any bad Accidenr, unlefs the 
 Blood of the Horfe be diftempered ; 
 and then you need only to draw the 
 Nail out carefully, and pour a little 
 Oil of Turpentine, or Spirit of 
 Wine, into the Orifice, or, which 
 is better, a little melted Wax, and 
 fo to let it reft for fome Days with- 
 out a Nail, and not let the Horfe go 
 into Water. 
 
 In drawing out the Nails you muft 
 obferve, whether they are bow'd, 
 or if there be any Flakes, or if 
 Blood or Matter ifliie at the Hole ; 
 for if a Nail has been bow'd, it may 
 caufe Lamenefs, by preffng upon 
 the foft Parts ; and a Flake may 
 fometimes remain in the Foot, which 
 will be difficult to get out, and yet 
 it will be impoftible to perform the 
 Cure while it remains there. 
 
 When you have difcover'd the 
 grieved Part, fearch it to the bot- 
 tom with the Horn of your Buttrefs, 
 or with a Probe, and then fearch 
 the Hole to the bottom where it 
 was riveted to the Hoof; and if 
 you find it does not pierce to the 
 Quick, nor caufes any Pain, thruH; 
 
 o ) 
 
 R E 
 
 a Nail into the Hole, and prefs the 
 Joint of it towards the Flefn ; and 
 if you find this pains the Horfe, 
 then apply proper Remedies. 
 
 If the Place be impofthumated, 
 after you have caus'd an Evacuation 
 of the Matter, put into the Hole 
 boiling Oil, with a little Sugar, and 
 (lop the Hole with a little Cotton ; 
 then tack on the Shoe with 3 or 4 
 Nails, and ftop the Foot with a Re- 
 niolade, and that will draw the Heat 
 into the Sole, and prevent the Mat- 
 ter from rifing up to the Hair, and 
 take away the Pain. And alfo you 
 rhuft apply a reftringent Charge a- 
 bout the Foot, keeping it from 
 Moifture ; and drefs it every day till 
 the Horfe h well. 
 
 If any Piece of Flake or Nafl re- 
 main in the Quick, you may take a 
 Piece of a dry Spunge, and make it 
 into the Form of a Tent, and draw 
 a Thread thro' the End of it, and in- 
 troduce ir. Repeat this daily, pa- 
 ring the Sole very thin over the O- 
 rifice, that it may have liberty to 
 ftretch and widen, and that the Piece 
 cf Nail or Flake may become loofe, 
 and fo come away with the Matter, 
 
 But if after all this has been done, 
 the Lam.enefs fhould continue, and 
 the Matter that ifTues from the Sore 
 is thin and bloody, or yellow, vifcid 
 or {linking, it \s a Token that there 
 is an Ulceration either in the Bone, 
 or among the Sinews, 
 
 If it be fo, the Sole h to be taken 
 off, and Incifions mufl be made 
 with a Raforor Fleam, till the bot- 
 tom of tiie Sore may be thorowly 
 obferved. But in doing this, great 
 care mufl be taken that the large Si- 
 news be not wounded, if it \s pofH- 
 ble, except they are mortified and 
 rotten. 
 
 At the firfl: Time of drefling, af- 
 ter Scarification, you need not apply 
 any Thing but dry Lint, or Lint 
 
 dip'd 
 
R E 
 
 ( 
 
 dip'd In Spirit o£ Turpentine ^ which 
 may lie on for 2 or 3 Days ; by 
 that Time the Wound will be digef- 
 ted, and the Blood will turn to 
 Matter. 
 
 if you find that the Coffin-bone 
 is foul, then fcale it by applying 
 fome cauftick Medicine, as fubli- 
 mate Powder mix'd up with Honey, 
 fpread upon a Pledgee, or with Spi- 
 rit of Vitriol ; or it may be feared 
 with a hot Iron, and after the Scales 
 are fallen off, dip Pledgets in Tinc- 
 ture of Myrrh and Aloes ; drefs the 
 Sore with them till you have covered 
 the Bone: And alfo dip Pledgets in 
 a warm Digeftive of Turpentine, 
 Spirit of Wine and Honey made 
 warm, and lay them over the firft 
 Pledgets. 
 
 If any proud Flefh fhall grow m 
 the Wound, keep that down wich 
 proper Remedies. 
 
 On fuch Occafions, there will 
 happen Heat and Inflammation \ 
 to prevent which, ' Charge the Hor- 
 
 * fe's Hoof with Vinegar^ Bole, and 
 
 * the Whites of Eggs ; and if you 
 ^ perceive that the Angnifh reaches 
 ' higher, the Leg and Paftern may 
 ' be charged with Wlne-lees and 
 
 * Vinegar^ mix'd together.' The 
 Horfe muft during the Cure, be kept 
 to a moderate Diet. 
 
 But v/hen all thefe Methods have 
 been follow'd, and the Lamenefs 
 ftill continues, and the Cure appears 
 difficult, you have reafon to fufped, 
 that the Anguifh of this Sore, has 
 been the Caufe of an Ulceration in 
 fome other Part of the Foot. In 
 fuch cafe it will be proper to rafe 
 the Hoof in feveral Places, and to 
 apply to the Rafures or Chinks 
 made in the Hoof, Pledgets of clean 
 Kurds foaked in Honey, Turpentine 
 and Tar melted together, with a 
 fourth Part of Spirit of Wine, made 
 pretty warm, and to let it remain 
 
 371 ) R I 
 
 for 2 Days, and after the firft dref- 
 fingto drefs it daily, till the vacant 
 Spaces in the Hoof are filled up 
 and to treat the grieved Part as an 
 Ulcer. See Ulcer. 
 
 RHEUM.. 
 
 A Rheum is a thin watery Mat- 
 ter, ouzing thro' the Glands chiefly 
 about the Mouth. 
 
 RHUBARB. 
 
 Rhubarb is an Indian or Arabian 
 Root. The beft fort of Rhubarb is 
 of a yellowifh Colour and Nutmeg- 
 grain, with red Srreaks : It is a gen- 
 tle Purger, and has an aftringent 
 Quality, by which it can do no in- 
 jury in the weakeft Diforders : It is 
 very efficacious in flopping Loofe- 
 nefles, and ftrengthening the Solids 
 after they have ' been relax'd and 
 weaken'd by Difeafes, 
 
 It \z excellently good in the Yel- 
 lows, and all Diforders of the Kid- 
 neys and Ulcers. Two ounces '\% 
 but a moderate Dofe. 
 
 MONKS-RHUBARB. 
 
 MonkS'Rhulsarh, or RhapontlcHtny 
 refembles the foreign Rhubarb : It 
 \s not reckoned among the Purser?, 
 but is very deterfive and deanfing ; 
 and tho it h not fo accounred of 
 for flopping Hsemorrhages and Flux- 
 es, as the former, yet it \s ufed in 
 many of the fame Intentions, ar.d 
 particularly ajamft the Yellows. It 
 grows plentifully m feveral Parts of 
 Er.gUnd, 
 BASTARD-RHUBARB. 
 
 Bafiard-Khuharb has all the Pro- 
 perties of the Monks-Rh^ibarb , it 
 cures the Yellows. The Seed boil'd 
 in Wine, is good for the Farcin, 
 provokes Uime, cleanfes and cools 
 the Blood. 
 
 RIBS. 
 
 The Ribs of a Horfe, fliould be 
 circular and full, taking their Tout 
 and Compafs trom the very Back- 
 bone J fo that thofe Pans they con- 
 B b 2 taLa 
 
RI r 37 
 
 tain, as the Lung*;, ^c, may be 
 the more eafily lodged, and that the 
 Horfe aifo may have the better Bel- 
 ly, and fuller Flank. 
 
 TO RIDE. 
 
 To ridsy IS ufed in the Academies 
 for to learn to ride, as, H& rides 
 under a good Majler. 
 
 RIDGES. 
 
 The Ridges of a Horfe's Mouth, 
 are Wrinkles, or Riiings of the 
 Flefh in the Roof of the Mouth, 
 running acrofs from one fide of 
 the Jaw to the other, Uke flcfhy 
 Ridoes, with interjacent Furrows, 
 or finking Cavities. It is common- 
 ly in the third or fourth Ridge that 
 the Farriers {^rike,in order to bleed a 
 Horfe whofe Mouth is over- heated. 
 RING-BONE. 
 
 The Ring-bone is a hard, callous 
 Subftance, growing in the hollow 
 Circle of the little Paftern, jufl a- 
 bove the Cronet. 
 
 It fometimes goes quite round like 
 Ring, and thence it is call'd the 
 Ring-bone ; or as others define it, 
 is a vifcous flimy Humour, like a 
 Giift'e upon the Top of the Cro- 
 ner, which fometimes goes round 
 about it, and reforting to the Bones, 
 and being of their own Nature, cold 
 and dry, grows hard, and cleaves to 
 fome Bone, and in time becomes a 
 Bone. 
 
 The Caufe, It is fometimes he- 
 recfitnry, or natural, coming from 
 the Stallion or Mare ; and fome- 
 times it comes by Accident, by fome 
 Strain, Blow of a Horfe, e^'r. 
 
 The Signs, There will be a bard 
 Swelling round about the Cronet of 
 the Hoof, which will be higher 
 than any Place of it ; and the Hair 
 will flare and be briflly, and the 
 Horfe will halt. 
 
 The Ci4re, The Method that is 
 in mofl common Ufe, is firft to 
 ftiave the Hair^^and co fcaiify the 
 
 2 ) R I 
 
 the hard Subftance, and to apply to 
 it flrong cauflick Medicines, as Ar- 
 fenicky Realgar ^ GlHicklime, &c. 
 Others dired to caft the Horfe, or 
 tye up his contrai^ Leg, and to 
 flrike 4 or 5 Holes in the very Edge 
 of the Ring-bone, at equal Diflances; 
 then to take as much white Mercu' 
 ry or Arfenick powdered, as will 
 lye upon the Fleam, and to put it 
 into one Hole, and fo into all the 
 Holes, and to bind it on for 24 
 Hours. Or, 
 
 Apply unflak'd Lime powder'd, 
 pretty thick over the Part, and faf- 
 ten it with a Cloth, and afterwards 
 ride the Horfe into Water, and let 
 him fland fometime in it, and that 
 will loofen the Subflance of the 
 Ring-bone ; fo that it will eafily 
 fall off. After which there is no- 
 thing more to be done, but to heal 
 it up like an Ulcer. 
 
 In doing this, the Cronet ought 
 to be very carefully guarded ; be- 
 caufe if it were not, there would be 
 apt to be a gathering of Matter un- 
 der the Hoof, which would quickly 
 corrode the Coffin-bone. 
 
 Others cut the Ring-bone ftrait 
 downwards to the Cronet in feveral 
 Places, and put in Rowels ; which, 
 by bringing a Rottennefs and Cor- 
 ruption all about the Part, caufe 
 the Excrefcences to loofen or melt 
 away. 
 
 S)lleyfell direfl:s to take out the 
 Sole, and to drefs it twice, and af- 
 terwards to cut the Skin in feveral 
 Places above the Croner, laying the 
 Ring-bone bare ; then to cut the 
 Ring-bone thro* the Incifions with a 
 hot Knife, till you reach the bot- 
 tom ; not all at once, but by re- 
 peated gentle Strokes* and in the 
 mean Time, to make a Cleft into 
 the Frufli, and to keep it open by 
 applying to it Pledgets dip'd in Htf- 
 ney. Tar and Turpmine, and to 
 
 drefs 
 
if 
 
 R I C 375 
 
 drefs all the feared Parts with the 
 fame, till the Scars fall off. 
 
 Any of the fore-mentioned Me- ' 
 thods may cure the Ring-b 
 rightly manag'd ; and if at any time 
 they fucceed nor, it muft be when 
 the Horfe is old or difeafed, or when 
 it happens to be a natural Imper- 
 feftion. The Excrefcences which 
 are ever apt to rife on the Parts, 
 muft be carefully kept down, and 
 as foon as the Pain 
 
 are over, the 
 
 and Angnifh 
 Sores ought to be 
 
 drefs'd with JEgyptiacum^ or fome 
 other cleanfing Ointment. You 
 muft alfo fill the hollow Parts round 
 about the Paftern with Kurds dip'd 
 in Spirit of Wine, or vitriol Water, 
 and bind on a Bandage over all, 
 from beneath the Cronet almoft to 
 the Knee, as tight as the Horfe can 
 bear it. The taking this Method 
 will prevent the ill Confequences 
 that are apt to arife in the Cure. 
 RINGWORM, OR TETTER. 
 ' Take 5 drams of Precipitate^ 
 
 * put it into a Phial, with as much 
 
 * fair Water or more than will co- 
 ' ver it ; ftop it up clofe, and wafh 
 ' the Ring-worm twice a day with 
 
 * this Water: When you have done, 
 ' fhake the Glafs, and ftop it clofe 
 
 * again, and fee it by till the next 
 ' drefting. 
 
 ' But if it be in a flefhy Parr, 
 ' bathe the Sore twice a day with 
 
 * the Juice o^ Southernwood^ Maud- 
 ' I'm and R«^, of each a like quan- 
 ' tity, ftamped together and ftrain^d, 
 
 * and it will cure it. 
 
 Another* 
 * Take Elecampane Roots and red 
 
 * Dock Roots, of each a like quan- 
 ' tity 5 (lice them thin, and put 
 ' them into g Pints of Urine with a 
 
 * handful of Bay -Salt, and boil it 
 
 * till one Pint is wafted ; then with 
 
 * a Clout ty'd to a Stick, wafn the 
 
 * Sore hot 4. or 5 Mornings run- 
 
 * ning, and it will kill it. 
 
 R o 
 
 An^fther. 
 ' Take one P<art of Plantain 
 ' Water, and 2 Parts of Beef-bi-ine ; 
 
 * boil it together and clarify it, and 
 
 * anoint the Worm with it, and it 
 ' will kill it. 
 
 R I P E N E R S. 
 
 Ripeners are drawing Medicines, 
 externally apply'd ; which, by their 
 Adiviry and Warmth, penetrate 
 the Pores, and mix with, and rari- 
 fy any cbftruded Matter ; fo that 
 it may be rendered fit for Difcharge, 
 by laying the Part open, either by 
 Inciflon or Cauftick. 
 
 RIPOSTE. 
 
 Rtpofle \s the vindi(5tive Motion 
 of a Horfe, who anfwers the Spue 
 with a Kick of his Foot. 
 RIVET. 
 
 Rivet is the Extremity or End of 
 the Nail, which rtfts or leans upon 
 the Horn, when a Horfe is Qiod. 
 R O A ^s^ 
 
 A Roan Horfe, is a Horfe of a 
 bay, forrcl or black Colour, wirh 
 gray or white Spots interfperfed 
 very thick. 
 
 A ROAN WITH A BLACK- 
 MOOR'SHEAD. 
 
 A Roan Horfe with a Black- 
 moor's Head, h when the Party-co- 
 loured Horfe above-mentioned, has 
 a dark, blackifti Head, and black 
 Extremities. 
 
 ACLARET-ROAN. 
 
 A Claret-roan Horfe, is when 
 the Mixture above-mentioned, is 
 predominant upon a deep Sorrel. 
 ROCHET. 
 
 Rochet or Rocket, The wild Roch* 
 ket provokes Urine, expels Poifon, 
 kills Worms, e<r- The S-ed of 
 the Winter-Rechet or Crejfes pro- 
 vokes Urine, helps in the Siran guryj 
 is a good Vulnerary,and applied out- 
 wardly cleanfes and heals foul Ul- 
 cers and Sores. 
 
 ROD. 
 Rod is a Switch which the Horfe- 
 B b g luaa 
 
R O ( 
 
 man holds in his right Hand, 
 conJii<fl: the Horfe, and fecond the 
 EfFefts of the Hand and Hee]. 
 ROPE. 
 A Rope, Cord or Strap, is any of 
 lar to which the 
 
 thefe tied round a P 
 
 Horfe is failened, when they begin 
 
 to quicken and fupple him, and 
 
 teach him to flee from the Sbamb- 
 
 ner, iind not to gallop falily or in- 
 
 compaftly. 
 
 In thofe Manages where there h 
 no Pillar, a Man ftands in the Cen- 
 ter of the Ground, and holds the 
 End of the Rope. 
 
 ROPES. 
 
 Ropes of 2 Pillars, are the Ropes 
 or Reins of a CavefTon, ufed to a 
 
 Horfe that works between 2 Pil- 
 lars. 
 
 ROSE. 
 
 Kofes chiefly ufed in Phyfick, are 
 cither F.ed or Damask, The Red 
 are moft in efteem being aflnn^ent ; 
 and therefore are good toftop Lasks, 
 and pifl[ing of Blood, 
 
 The Dtcodion isj^ood in Loofe- 
 nefles an-! Haemorrhages, Defluc- 
 tions and CaiarrLs 
 
 The Horey cl P.cfes is an excel- 
 lent Balfam for \V'o:>ncls, and may 
 very fafely be apisiid to B )nes rhat 
 are laid bare: ^nd aifo to Sinews 
 and nervous P.irt5, where mofl o- 
 ther Applications would be inju- 
 rious. 
 
 The Confcrve \s excellenrly good 
 in all Difordeis of the Lun s. 
 
 Damask Rofes being d:{}ih'd, the 
 Water is efteem'd to be cordi.i!, 
 but is cnicflv ufed m Oiftempers of 
 the Eyes. 
 
 ROSEMARY. 
 
 Kcfemary is a great Rel'ever of 
 the Spiriis, and very good in all 
 Diforders of the Head, as the Verri- 
 goes or Staggers. 
 
 ROSIN. 
 
 RoJinSzs feveral of the Qualities 
 
 374 ^ R o 
 
 to of Pitch, and of the Virtues of Tur- 
 pentine, and is frequently given to 
 Horfes inwardly. It is ufed for 
 Diforders of the Breaft, and in ma- 
 ny outward Applications, as Plaf- 
 ters, cr*:. 
 
 ROUND. 
 
 A Round in the Academies is a 
 circular Tread. 
 
 TO ROUND. 
 
 To round a Horfe, is a general 
 Term for all forts of Manage upon 
 a Round : So that to round a Horfe 
 upon Trot, Gallop or not, is to 
 malce him carry his Shoulders and 
 his Haunches roundly orcompaftly, 
 upon a lavger or fmaller Circle, with- 
 out traverfing or bearing to a Side. 
 R 6 U S S I N. 
 
 A Kouffin is a ftrong, well knit, 
 well ftow'd Horfe. 
 
 ROWEL. 
 The Eng^ifh Manner cfRowellm^, 
 
 This the Surgeons ca 1 a Seaton, 
 and is performed as follows : 
 
 Having found out the Place of the 
 Horfe 's Grief, he is to be caft upon 
 fome fofc Place ; then you are to 
 make a little Slit, a HandtuI below 
 the Place thro' the Skin, juft big e- 
 nouah to put in a Swan's Qiiill, then 
 to blow all the Skin from the Flefh 
 upuard, even to the top, and all over 
 the Shoulder ; then to (fop the Hole 
 with your Thumb and Fin<;er> and 
 to beat the Pace you have blown 
 up all over with a hafle Stick, and 
 with your Hand to fpread the Wind 
 into every Place, and then to let it 
 go ; then having either Horfe Hair 
 or red Sarfenet, half the bignefs of 
 a Mans little Finger, firft anointed 
 wish Aveet Butter or Hogs-greafe, in 
 
 the Roweiiing Needle, thruft it in 
 at the fi. ft Hole, and put it upwards, 
 drawing it out about 6 Inches ; and 
 if you pieafe, you may put in ano- 
 ther above that, and having ty'd the 
 !W0 Ends of the Rowels together, 
 
 dravf 
 
R O 
 
 (375 ) 
 
 R O 
 
 draw them to and fro in the Skin, 
 and anoint them every day with 
 frefh Butter or Hogs-greafe, to make 
 the Corruptions iifue out the better. 
 
 Some are of opinion, that thefe 
 lonj hair or fi!k Pvowels, make a 
 double Sore, and a great Scar ; and 
 therefore rather approve of making 
 their Rowels of round Pieces of ftiflf 
 Leather, of the upper Part of an old 
 Shoe, with a round Hole in the mid- 
 dle, and put it in double, and fpread 
 it open when it is in, laying it Hat 
 between the Skin and the Flefli, fo 
 that the Hole of the Leather may 
 be juft againft the Hole in the Hor- 
 fe's Skin ; take it out and cleanfe 
 the Rowel once in 2 or 3 Days, and 
 having anointed it with frefh Butter 
 or Hogs-greafe, put it in again. 
 
 This Rowel is beft plac'd towards 
 the lower Part of the Interftice, 
 where the Furrow is not fo deep, 
 and v/here the Matter will eafily run 
 off; But Caution ou2,ht to be ufed 
 not to put in the Rowel too near 
 the Tendons, but where these is 
 fome Subfiance of Flefh. 
 
 The French Manner ofRowelling. 
 This is call'd by Surgeons the Fontt- 
 cle or Fontafielle, and is thus per- 
 formed : 
 
 Cut open the Skin with an incifion 
 Knife, upon the loweft Part of the 
 Horfe's Breaft to that fide that is 
 lame, not crofs the Breaft, but 
 right down, half the length of your 
 Finger ; then having put your Fmger 
 between the Skin and the Flefb, and 
 raifed ihe Skin from the Flefh round 
 about the Hole the breadth of a fix 
 Pence, and having a Piece of the 
 upper Leather of a 
 Shoe, cut in the Form 
 as in the Margin ^ ha- 
 ving cut a round Hole 
 in it, put a Needle and 
 Thread thro' it, as is 
 to be perceived by the two Pricks at 
 
 ..1 'iij <rv ai I, II 
 
 the Top and bottom of the Hole ; 
 then take a Quill-pipe, and cut it fo 
 that the Wind may go thro' it, or a 
 Tobacco-pipe, and put one End of 
 it into the Hole in the Horfe's Breaft 
 upwards, and blow up the Skin 
 from the Flefh, and beat the Wind 
 upwards to the top, and all over his 
 Shoulder ; and after you have blown 
 it 2 or 3 Times, run the Needle and 
 Thread once thro' the Row^l, and 
 once thro' the Skin, and fo draw 
 the Rowel into the Cut, placing the 
 Hole in the Rowel juft againft the 
 Hole that has been cut in the Horfe's 
 Breaft, fo that it may not move, and 
 then run a Stick or two with the 
 Needle and Thread over-thwart the 
 Cut to keep in the 
 Rowel, as you 
 may fee in the 
 Margin ; then a- 
 noint it with Butter, and let the Row- 
 el be in the Hole for a Week, after- 
 wards cut the Thread, and take it out. 
 
 It is beft to blow up the Skin with 
 a Breath that does not ftink of To- 
 bacco, for that will make the Place 
 fmell the more. 
 
 IfaHorfe be rowelled for/any 
 Swelling, the long Rowel Pnould be 
 put in the fame way that the Veins 
 run, and felJom or never crofs-wife ; 
 and for Swellings, the more the Skin 
 is blown the better 5 for the Wind 
 is that which caufes the Putrefac- 
 tion, and caufes the feftered Hu- 
 mours to diflo've, and diftil down 
 from the Hollows of the Joints, in- 
 to thofe open Places where it falls 
 away in Matter, and fo the Breaft is 
 cured. 
 
 This Way is prefer'd by many, 
 becaufe it is not fo apt to caufe an 
 Abfcefs, and is therefore the more 
 eafily dry'd up. 
 
 Rowelling is an artificial Vent 
 
 which is made to difcharge noxious 
 
 Humours, by making a Pvevulfioa 
 
 'Bb 4 ot 
 
R U ( 375 ) R u 
 
 f5^ Diverfion from any Part which be had of the State of his Body: 
 
 >s weaken'd or relax'd by old obfti 
 nate Obftiudions. And for (his 
 Purpofe, it is ufelul in many of the 
 fame Intentions as the Fire ; and 
 is very good in all Aches, cold, 
 phlegmatick Swellings, and fome- 
 times Lamenefs and Infirmities of 
 the Legs. It alfo fometmes gives 
 relief; \^ here there is a fulnefs and 
 redundancy of Humours, and in moft 
 ofihofe Dife^fes that the Eyes are 
 liable to be affeded with. But Row- 
 elling is very prejudicial to poor, 
 Jean, hide- bound Hor fes, and thofe 
 ghaf 3i'e hedit k and confumptiveje^r. 
 RUBBING. 
 
 Ruhhhg much, hard and well, 
 does a KoiTe good, and pveferves 
 both Legs p.ni Body \n Strength ; 
 ? Horfe loves it, and it does him 
 more 2cod than much Ment. 
 IllJBICAN'COLOUR. 
 
 A Horfe of a Rubican Colour \s 
 one that is hayjorrei, or black, with 
 a light grey or whi:e upon the 
 Flank5, bur fo that this grey or 
 ^hiie is not predominant there. 
 RUE. 
 
 Rue is a Herb of g-:neral Ufe j 
 is excellent in malignant and pefti- 
 !ential Fevers, and all thofe Difor- 
 j^ers that proceed from the Nerves 
 tni nervous Juices, provokes Urine, 
 kills Worms, ftops Bleeding, and is 
 good for the Farcin. The Juice of 
 it after it has been ft.imp'd, beino put 
 into the Enrs of a Horfe, wiilnffrft 
 fhofe Parts with fuch a Pungency as 
 to remove a Fit of the Staggers, and 
 fuch kind of Difciders. 
 R U N. 
 
 To run a Horfe (in the Acade- 
 Plies) is to put him to his uimoft 
 Speed, .'hat is, to a fu.ious, quick 
 zm refclute Gallop, as long as he 
 ^an hold n. 
 
 RUNNING- HORS E» 
 
 If a Hcrfe either is, or h to be 
 |i;3tfh-d for a Kgce^ regard oughi to 
 
 1. Whether he be very fat, foul, 
 and either newly taken from Grafs 
 or Soil. 
 
 2. If he be very lean and poor, 
 by being over- ridden, Diforder, or 
 any Infirmity. 
 
 9. If he be in good Plight, ha- 
 ving had good Ufage and moderate 
 Exercife. 
 
 If the Horfe be in the firfl State, 
 he will require longer time of keep^ 
 ing, to bring him into order, at leafl 
 2 Months or more. 
 
 If the Horfe be in the fecond 
 State, then the longer the better, 
 but not fo long as in the former 
 State, becaufe Greafe cannot offend 
 fo much, and Exercife may be given 
 together with Feeding. 
 
 If the Horfe be in the third State, 
 (which is a Mean between the two 
 Extremes) then \t may be fufficient 
 to diet him for a Month or fix 
 Weeks. 
 
 But befides thefe 3 Generals, re- 
 gard mufl be had to the particular 
 ftare of a Horfe's Body ; as if a 
 Horfe be fat and foul, yet naturally 
 free and apt to fpend, and quickly 
 to loofe his Flefh, he mufl not be 
 manag'd with fo ftrid a Difcipline, 
 nor will he endure fo violent Exer- 
 cife as one that is of a hardy Confli- 
 tution, and wi'l ^tsd heartily, and 
 be fat with any fort of Food and Exf 
 ercife. 
 
 Again, If a Horfe that is of a har- 
 dy Conflitution, be extreme poor 
 by ill Ufage, or being under any 
 fort of Diforder, and is apt to reco- 
 ver his Flefii foon and to hold it 
 long, fuch a Horfe is not to htd fo 
 liberally, nor manag*d fo tenderly, 
 nor exercis'd fo fparingly, as a Horfe 
 that IS of a tender Confiitution, a 
 weak Stomach, and yet of a free 
 S^'n'n^ provided that regard always 
 be had to his Limbs, the Imperfec- 
 tion pf LajTicnefs, crc, 
 
 If 
 
R U ( 377 ) R U 
 
 If a Horfe to run a Match is fat and put in a Wifp on each fide the 
 
 Heart of the HoiTcj that the Girths 
 may be equally tight ; put a warm 
 Breaft-cloth before his Bread, Co 
 that it cover both his Shoulders. 
 
 Then take fome Beer in your 
 Mouth, and fpurt it into the Mouth 
 of the Horfe j then mount his Back 
 and rack him, /. e. walk him a foot 
 Pace, neither an Amble nor a Trot, 
 for a Mile, 2 or 9, as near as can 
 be to the fteepeft Hills thereabouts, 
 where the Ground is fmooth and 
 found. Then gallop him gently 
 up the fteep Hills, and afterwards 
 walk him gently down, that he may 
 cool as much in coming down as he 
 warm'd in going up. This ihould 
 be done before the Rifing of the 
 Sun, fo that by that time the Sun is 
 rifen or foon afcer, you may have 
 finifh'd the Exercife, and then wa- 
 ter him at fome freOi, clear River, 
 Pond, o'c, 
 
 Afcer he has been watered, having 
 drank as much as he lifteth, gallop 
 and exercife him moderately, and 
 walk him a pretty handfome Space, 
 and let him drink again if he will, 
 and ii he does gallop him again j 
 but if he does nor drink, gallop him 
 to make him thirfty ; and always let 
 him have Exercife both before and 
 after Watering. 
 
 When you think he has drank 
 fufficiently ride him gently home, fo 
 that he has not a wet Hair about 
 him ; and before you lead him inio 
 the Stable^ having ordered the S;a- 
 ble to be well cleaned when you 
 went out, againft you come back, 
 and the foal Litter to be laid near 
 the Stable- Door, alight, and having 
 placed the Horfe over the Straw, by 
 whiftling, and raifing the Straw up 
 under him, endeavour to make him 
 pi fs. 
 
 Then carry him into the Stable, 
 and tie the Bridle up to the Rack, 
 
 and 
 
 and foul, either by (landing at Soil, 
 running at Grafs, or any other 
 Means of high Feeding or Reft, then 
 for the firft Fortnight having wafh'd 
 his Bridle in Beer, put it on early 
 in the Morning, tie him up to the 
 Rack, cleanjout the Stable, and drefs 
 him well, 
 
 Firft curry him well over from 
 Head to Tail, from Shoulder to 
 Knee, from Buttock to the hind 
 Cambril ; then duft him clean with 
 your Cloth, <^c, then beginning at 
 his Forehead, curry or brufla him o- 
 ver wtih a French Brufh down his 
 Temples, Cheeks, Neck, Shoulders 
 and Forelegs, even to the fetting on 
 of his Hoofs, and along his Sides, 
 and Under his Belly ; and |laftly, all 
 over his Buttocks and hinder Legs, 
 down to the Ground ; then ftroke 
 him all over with your wet Hand, 
 fo as not to leave one loofe Hair a- 
 bout him, rubbing him ftill with 
 your Hand till he is complearly dry. 
 
 Alfo wet your Hands, cleanfe his 
 Sheath, his Yard, his Cods and his 
 Tuel, leaving no Part undeanfed, 
 cither Ears, Noftrils, between his 
 
 hind Thighs, ^c. And after that, 
 rub him well all over with an hair 
 Cloth, but efpecially his Face, Eyes, 
 Cheeks, between the Chaps, the 
 Top of his Forehead, Nape of his 
 Neck, 5^c. and down his Leg?, 
 Fetlocks, and about the Pafterns. 
 
 Then rub him all over with a 
 clean woollen Cloth, beginning 
 with his Head, and proceeding to 
 all the Parts of his Body as before di- 
 refted, then comb down his Mane 
 and Tail with a wet Mane-Comb, 
 
 Then fold a body Cloth, either of 
 Kerfy if k be Winter, or Cotton if 
 it be Summer, round about the Hor- 
 fe's Body, and put on the Saddle, 
 girding the foremoft Girth pretty 
 light, but the other fomfithing flack, 
 
R U 
 
 ( 378 ) 
 
 R U 
 
 and rub down his Le^s as hard as 
 you can with hard Wifps ; take off 
 his Breall-Cloih, rub his Head and 
 Breaft verj' well with a dry Cloth, 
 then take off his Saddle and Body 
 Cloth, and rub his Back and all his 
 Limbs ^ then clothe him with a li- 
 nen Sheer, and over that a good 
 Houfing-Cloth, and put a woollen 
 Body-CIoth over all. Gird them on, 
 ft'iiff his Surcingle round with foft 
 Wifps ofa reafonablc Bignefs, then 
 pick his Feet and ftop them with 
 Cow-Dung, and give him fome 
 clean Hay, bundled up hard toge- 
 ther, and let hiai tear it out of the 
 Rack as he ftands upon his Bridle, 
 for an Hour or an Hour and a half. 
 Afterwards take a clean Rubber and 
 rub his Head, Face, and Nape of 
 his Neck ; the Rubber fhould be 
 new rouj,h hempen Cloth : then 
 take off his Bridle, clean the Man- 
 ger well, and give him bout a quart 
 of good old dry Oats, having firft 
 fifted them thro' fuch a Sieve, as 
 will let a light Oat go thro' but not 
 a full Oat ; if he eats thefe with a 
 Stomach give him as many more, 
 and let him ftanJ til! eleven a Clock, 
 then rub him again over the Head, 
 Neck and Face, and give him ano- 
 ther quart of Oats, fifted as before ; 
 then having made the Stable as dark 
 as you can, leave him till one of 
 the Clock, which will caufe him to 
 feed, lie down and take reft. It is 
 ufual to arm the Stalls all over with 
 Canvafs for the purpofe aforefaid. 
 About one a Clock rub his Head, 
 Face and Neck as before, and give 
 him another quart of fifted Oats, 
 cleaning out the Stable ; then give 
 him a Lock of Hay, and leave him 
 till 3 a Clock in the Afternoon if 
 it be Winter, or 4 if Summer. 
 
 Then wet the Snaffle with Beer, 
 bridle him, tye him up to the Rack, 
 wke off his Clothes, and dtefs him 
 
 exaftly after the fame manner you 
 did in the Morning in all Points. 
 Bring him our, endeavour to make 
 him pifs upon the foul Litter at the 
 Stable-door, and afterwards mount 
 him, and ride him as you did in the 
 Morning, but not upon Hills, and 
 air him in all points as you did in 
 the iMorning, galloping him both 
 before and after his Water, and 
 rack him gently home again. 
 
 If you would have your Horfe to 
 empty his Body, it will be proper, 
 even from the Stable- door, in all 
 your Paffages, to let him fmell to e- 
 very old and new Dung that is in 
 your Way, for that will caufe him 
 to empty himfelf, and repair his 
 Stomach. 
 
 The Horfe having been thus wa- 
 tered and aired till within Night 
 (nothing being wholfomer, nor con- 
 fuming Foulnefs fooner than early 
 and late Airings) then rack him 
 home to the Stable-door, and do 
 exaftly the fame that you did in the 
 Morning, and leave him on the Bri- 
 dle for an Hour or Hour and half; 
 then having rubb'd him as in the 
 Morning, take off his Bridle, cleanfe 
 the Manger, and give him a quart 
 of the fame fifted Oats as before, 
 and let him ftand till 9 a Clock. 
 
 At 9 rub his Legs with hard 
 Wifps as before, and all Parts of 
 his Head, Neck, and Fore-parts, 
 with a clean Cloth, and having 
 turn'd up his Clothes rub his Fillets, 
 Buttocks, and hinder parts, put 
 down his Clothes, give him another 
 quart of Oats, tofs up his Litter, 
 give him a little Bundle of Hay tied 
 hard as before, and leave him for 
 that Night. 
 
 He muft always ftand upon good 
 ftore of frefh dry Litter Day and 
 Nighr, and Wheat Straw if to be 
 had, or elfe of Oat Straw, for Bar- 
 ley and Rye Straw are both unwhol* 
 
 fome 
 
firft Fortnight. 
 harJen his FleiTi 
 
 R U ( 37P ) R U 
 
 fome and dangerou?, the firft heart- you may give him another Handful' 
 burns, and theUft fcours. 
 
 This is the Method that the Horfe 
 muft be conftantly managed for the 
 This Exercife will 
 , and confume his 
 Foulnefs, that the next Fortnight he 
 ii)3y have gentle Heats. 
 
 As to the Heats. Two Heats in 
 a Week will be enough for any 
 Horfe, let his State of Body be what 
 it will. 
 
 One of thofe Heats fViould al- 
 ways be on that Day of the Week 
 that the M.'.tch is to be run upon ; 
 as fuppofe the Match is to be run 
 on a Tuefdayy then Tuef'ays and 
 Saturda'ji are the Heating-Days, 
 and that on Tuefday muft always be 
 the fharper Hea:, 
 
 In very r^iny and foul Weather 
 it h unwholfome and dangerous to 
 give the Heats, therefore they fhculd 
 ar fuch Seafons be omitced, except 
 there be sn abfj'ute Necedity, and 
 the Hours and Times changed ; and 
 for fuch Weather the Horfe on^ht to 
 have a warm lin'd Hood, with li- 
 nen Ears, and the Nape of the Neck 
 lined to keep out Rain, nothing be- 
 ing more dangerous than for cold 
 Wet to fall into the Ears, and on 
 the Nape of the Neck and Fillets. 
 
 The fee on d Tortnighi''s Keeping, 
 All Things are to be done the fe- 
 cond Fortnight, as to DreflTng, ctt. 
 that were direded to be done the 
 firft, only the Horfe is now to have 
 a quart of ciean fifted Oats before 
 his Bridle is put on, and when he 
 has eaten them he is to be bridled, 
 drefs'd and manag'd in all points 
 as before ; except that when you 
 bring him home, you are not to put 
 any Kay into the Rack, only let 
 him tear out of your Hand, as he 
 ftands upon the Bridle, as much 
 fweet, fine, vvell-dufted Hay as you 
 can gripe ; which if he eat greedily 
 
 and after he has ftood upon the Bri- 
 dle for an Hour or better, rub him 
 as before direded, give him a Loaf 
 of the firft Bread, that is at leaft 3 
 Days old, for nothing is more fur- 
 feiting or dangerous than new Bread, 
 See the Article Bread. But \i Ne- 
 cefTity compels to give it before it 
 has that Stalenefs, or if it be clam- 
 my and dank, then cut it into Sli- 
 ces and lay it in a Sieve to dry, and 
 crumbling it into fmall Bits, give it 
 him among a quart of good fifted 
 Oats, as before. But if it be 5 Days 
 old, then break 3 or 4 Shivers that 
 may be about the quantity of this 
 quart of Oats, and having broken 
 it fmal!, mingle it with his quart of 
 Oats. 
 
 Then about 1 1 a Clock, and ha- 
 ving done as before dire(fted at that 
 time, give the Horfe the fame quan- 
 tity of Bread and Oats that you gave 
 him in the Morning, and then leave 
 him till one a Clock at Noon, or 
 after, if the next Day \s not to be 
 one of his Heating- Days, 
 
 At one give him the fame quan- 
 tity of Bread and Oats as you d\d in 
 the Forenoon ; and in like manner 
 every Meal after, for that Day, do- 
 ing in every point as before directed. 
 
 But if he be to have a Hear the 
 next Day, then give him only a 
 quart of f.veet fifted Oats, and when 
 he has eaten them biidie him, tie 
 him up to the Rack, and order hitn 
 in all Things as before direfted, 
 and having drefs'd him, cloth'd him, 
 and faddled him, air him and water 
 him as before ; and when you have 
 brought him home, order him ac- 
 cording to former Direction^ only 
 let him not have any Hay at all. 
 
 Let him ftand an Hour on the 
 Bridle, give him a Quart of Oats, 
 let him eat them, and put a clean 
 fweet waOi'd Muzzle on his Head, 
 
 and 
 
^nd leave him till Nine at Night : 
 This Muzzle is to prevent him from 
 eating his Litter, or gnawing Walls 
 or Boards, or eating any thing but 
 what you give him. See the Article 
 
 At Nine at Night (and having 
 done as before direded for that 
 time) give him a Quart of Oats, 
 when he has eaten them up, put on 
 his Muzzle, and tofs up his Litter, 
 and leave him for that Night. 
 
 Viiit him the next Morning early ; 
 if he is laid, don*t difturb him, but 
 if he be on his Feet, give him a 
 Quart of good (ifted Oats, being 
 rubbed between your Hands, and 
 waflied in a little Strong; Ale or Eeer, 
 but not made too moift. When he 
 has eaten them, bridle him, clothe 
 him, and drefs him, as before 6i- 
 reded ; put on his Body-Cloth and 
 Breaft-Cloth, faddle him, draw the 
 Bridle-Rein over the top of the 
 Rack, fo as to draw his Head aloft; 
 then having wafh'd a new-laid Egg 
 clean, break it into r,is Mouth, 
 caufe him to fwallow it down, after- 
 wards wafh his Tongue and Mouth 
 with a little Beer, and lead him 
 out of the Stable, and caufe him to 
 pifs or dung at the Stable- Door, if 
 you can j then mount him, and 
 rack him gently to the Courfe, 
 making him frequently fmell to 
 Dung. 
 
 When you are arrived within a 
 Mi'e or thereabouts of the Starting 
 Place, take off the Body-Cloth and 
 Breaft-Cloth, gird the Saddle on 
 again, and fend a Groom to the 
 end of the Place with clean dry 
 rubbing Cloths, ^c. Afterwards, 
 having rack'd him gently up to the 
 Starting Poft, and beyond it, caufe 
 him to fmell to the Poft, and do 
 the fame at the Weighing Poft, that 
 he may take notice of the begin- 
 ning and ending of the Courfe, 
 
 S 
 
 o ) 
 
 R U 
 
 and there ftart the Horfe roundly 
 and fharply at near a 5 1 quarters 
 Speed, and run him through the 
 whole Courfe, according as you 
 find his Strength of Body and Chear- 
 fulnefs of Spirit 5 but do not put 
 him to any Extremity above his 
 Strength or Wind : and when he 
 yields a little, give him a little Eafe, 
 that he may do all with Pleafure, 
 and not with Pain; for the latter 
 will difcontent him, and make it 
 irkfome to him ; whereas the for- 
 mer v;i!l delight him, and fo increafe 
 his Labour. 
 
 During the time you are courfing 
 him, you ought narrowly to ob- 
 ferve on what Ground he runs beft, 
 whether upon rough or fmootb, le- 
 vel or rifing, wet or dry ; and as 
 you find his Nature or Difpofition, 
 it fhould be manag'd to the beft 
 Advantage. 
 
 After the Courfe has been ftrong- 
 ly and fvviftly courfed over, gallop 
 him a little flightly up and dow« 
 the Field, to rake his Wind and 
 chear his Spirits; then ride him to a 
 warm Place, as fuppofe under fome 
 Hedge, Bufhes, or Tree, into fome 
 hollow Place or dry Ditch, or other 
 Place defended from the Air, and 
 there take a grazing Knife, or a 
 piece of thin hard old oaken Wood, 
 made like a broad long Knife, with 
 a (harp Edge, and holding it with 
 both Hands, fcrape off all the Sweat 
 clean from every Part of the Horfe, 
 continuing to do this till no more 
 Sweat rifes, moving and ftirring 
 him up and down ever and anon, 
 and then rub him all over with 
 Cloths till he is very dry. Then 
 take off the Saddle, glafs, fcrape 
 and rub his Back, put on his Body 
 and Breaft-Clothes, faddle him again, 
 and mounting his Back, gallop him 
 gently a little Space, frequently rub- 
 bing his Head, Neck and Body, as 
 
 you 
 
R U (38 
 
 you fit upon his Back ; then walk 
 him about till he is cooled, and 
 rack him gently back to the Stable, 
 fometimes galloping and fometimes 
 racking : But let him not have a 
 wet Hair about him when you bring 
 him in. At the Stable Door dif- 
 mounr, entice him to pifs and dung, 
 lead tiim in, tie his Bridle up to the 
 Rack, and having it ready pre- 
 pared, give him the firft Scouring, 
 which you will find under the Arti- 
 cle Scouring, 
 
 As foon as he has had the Scour- 
 ing, let one immediately fall to rub- 
 bing his Legj, while another takes 
 off the Saddle and Clothes ; and 
 when his Body is dry, run it flightly 
 over with the Curry-Comb^ then 
 duft him, and rub him all over well 
 with dry Clothes, but efpecially his 
 Head, the Nape of his Neck, and 
 about his Heart. 
 
 Then clothe him as at other times, 
 and wifp him round with large 
 Wifps ; and it may alfo be proper, 
 if the Seafon is cold, to throw a lit- 
 tle ioofe Blanket over him. 
 
 After the Horfe has taken this 
 Scouring, he muft faft 2 Hours, and 
 be kept waking by Adion and Noife, 
 making him move up and down as 
 he ftands ; For Sleep, Stillnefs, and 
 Reft, are very prejudicial both to the 
 Horfe, and the working of the Me- 
 dicine, and Aftion and Motion very 
 profitable ; they enliven the Spirits, 
 move the Humours that are to be 
 remov'd : while, on the other hand, 
 Stillnefs and Reft keeps the Spirits 
 dull, and the Humours fo lock'd 
 up, that the Operation is hinder- 
 ed. 
 
 Let the Horfe ftand upon his Bri- 
 dle, without eating, for two Hours 
 or more ; then with your Hand 
 examine the Roots of his Ears j and 
 putting your Hand under his Clothes 
 againft his Hearty feel his Fillets, 
 
 I ) R u 
 
 Flanks, and the nether Parts of his. 
 Thighs J and ii you perceive any 
 new Sweat arife, or any coldnefs of 
 Sweat •, or if you perceive his Body 
 beat, or that he fetches his Breaft 
 faft, it is a Token that there is a 
 great deaJ of Foul nefs ftirred, which 
 makes the Horfe a little Heart- 
 fick, and therefore do not then give 
 him any thing to eat : But take off 
 his Bridle, put on his Collar, and 
 turn up his Litter, and leave the 
 Stable, that he may lie down for 
 two Hours at leaft, by which 
 time the Sicknefs will be over. 
 
 But if you do not find any of 
 the before-mention'd Signs of the 
 Phyfick being in its Operation, then 
 take a handful of Wheat Ears, be- 
 ing Pollard that is without rough 
 Beards, and offer the Horfe the 
 Ears by three or four together, and 
 if he eats it, give him another ; 
 and when he has eaten them, give 
 him a little Bundle of Hay tightly 
 done up, pull off his Bridle, and 
 rub his Head well. 
 
 An Hour after this, give him a 
 Quart of good fiftsd Oats, with two 
 or three Handfuls of fpelted Beans, 
 well cleanfed fiom Hulls, Duft, ^c, 
 and alfo break in among the Oats 
 and Beans three or four good thick 
 Slices of Bread chipr, and then leave 
 him for at leaft three Hours. 
 
 In the Evening before you drefs 
 him, give him the like Quantity of 
 Oats, Beans and Bread, and when 
 he has eaten them, tye him up by 
 the Bridle, drefs him as before diredl- 
 ed, clothe him, and let him ftand, 
 neither riding nor watering him j 
 for the Horfe being inwardly foul, 
 and the Scouring yet operating 
 in his Body, Water would be inju- 
 rious. 
 
 But let him ft^nd an Hour upon 
 the Bridle, and afterwards having 
 wafti'd thie^ Pints gf clean fihed 
 
 Oats 
 
R U 
 
 C 38a ) 
 
 R U 
 
 Oats in Strong Ale or Beer, give 
 them the Horfe, which will cool 
 and refrefh him inwardly, as if be 
 had drank Water. 
 
 Let him reft a little after he has 
 eaten this, and then at thefe Times 
 of Feeding before-mentlon'd, give 
 him Oats and fpelt Beans, or Oats 
 and Bread, or all three together, 
 or each fingle by it felf; letting him 
 feed plentifully that Night, and put 
 a little Hay in the Rack when you 
 leave him for all Night. 
 
 The next Morning, as early as 
 you can, feed him, drefs him, 
 clothe hira, faddle him, take him 
 abroad, and give him an Airing, and 
 water him, as has been before di- 
 reded ; and when he comes b^ck, 
 give him Oats, Beans and Bread, 
 as before direfted, but give him 
 but very little Hay ; and let 
 the Management upon the Heat- 
 ing Days, and the Preparation Day 
 before, be according to former Di- 
 reftions for the fecond Fortnight. 
 
 The Horfe having received four 
 found Heats, and four good Scour- 
 ings, his Body will be fufficient'y 
 cleans'd. 
 
 The Manner of Keeping for the 
 third Fortnight, This third Fort- 
 night, you fhall, as you did the fe- 
 cond Fortnight, give the Horfe the 
 fecond Bread, (the way of making 
 which you will fee in the Article 
 Bread) being at leaft three Days 
 old, having the Cruft cut clean 
 away, and alfo fifted Oats and fpelt 
 Beans, as before ; And alfo give him 
 the fame Airings and Dreflings; 
 and alfo manage him on his 
 Heating Days, and Day before his 
 Heat, as in the fecond Fortnight, 
 only with this Difference, 
 
 His Heats mufl not be fo violent 
 as before, but more pleafurable, fo 
 that if the firft Heat be violent, the 
 fecond Ihali be more pleafurable 
 
 and eafy ; but none of them fhould 
 over-ftrain the Horfe, or make his 
 Body fore. 
 
 In the next place, when the 
 Horfe is brought home after his 
 Heats, he muft not have any more 
 of the former Scouring j but in the 
 ftead of it, immediately after you 
 have given him his Heat, and he 
 has been a little cool'd and cloth'd 
 up, in the Place where you fir, 
 rub him. As you fit upon his 
 Back, draw his Head up high, or 
 raife it fome other way, and give 
 him of the Cordial Horfe-Balls a 
 piece fomething bigger than a French 
 Walnut, Hull and all. See Cordial- 
 Balls in Letter C. 
 
 The fourth Fcrtni^ht^s Keeping, 
 The fourth and laft Fortnight the 
 Horfe's Bread mufl: be made much 
 finer than either of the former. See 
 third or la/l Bread, in the Article 
 Bread. Feed the Horfe at his or- 
 dinary feeding Times, as in the third 
 Fortnight, with this Bread, the Cruft 
 being cut clean off, and Oats 
 well funned, beaten, and rubb'd 
 with the Hand, winnow'd, fift- 
 ed, and nicely drefs'd ; fo that nei- 
 ther foul ones or light ones may re- 
 main, nor any thing elfe : and alfo 
 the pureft fpelted Beans that can 
 be. 
 
 For this Fortnight you need not 
 give him any Scouring at all,, and 
 the firft Week of this Fortnight 
 the heating Days muft be ordered as 
 in the foregoing Fortnight j but the 
 laft Week, you muft forbear one 
 Heat, and muft not give him any 
 Heat for five Days before the 
 Match, but only give him long and 
 ftrong Airings, to keep him ia 
 Wind. 
 
 And Morning and Evening, du- 
 ring the whole Fortnight, you fhould 
 in the Stable burn Olibanum^ or 
 Irankincenfe^ with St or ax or Jeffa- 
 
 min.^ 
 
R U 
 
 ( 383 ) 
 
 R U 
 
 mine, on a Chafing-difh of Coals, 
 which will be very vvholefome and 
 pleafant to the Horfe. 
 
 During this time, when you give 
 him any wafhM Meat, wadi it in 
 the Whites of Eggs, or Mufcadine, 
 and not in Ale or Beer, the former 
 bein :; more who'.efome, and not (o 
 linble to procure Purfinefs. 
 
 During this laft Fortnight, the 
 Horfe muft not have any Hay but 
 what he eats out of your Hands after 
 his Heats, and that muft be well 
 cleans'dj and in fmall (Quantities 5 
 except the Horfe be a very great 
 Feeder, and very tender and apt to 
 lofe his Belly. 
 
 If the Horfe be a dean Feeder, 
 and will not eat Litter, then you 
 need not ufe the Muzzle till three 
 Days before the Match ^ but if he 
 be a foul Feeder, put it on all the 
 Fortnight. 
 
 The Day before the Match, feed 
 the Horfe well in the Morning both 
 before and after the Airing, and 
 water, as at other times, before 
 Noon ; and after Noon, abridge him 
 of his Proportion of Meat a little. 
 Before and after you give him his 
 Evening Airing, feed him as at 
 Noon, and water him as at other 
 times ; but do not ftay out after 
 Sun-fet. 
 
 This Day the Horfe muft be 
 coord, ftiod, and every thing that 
 is ornamental to him is to be done ; 
 but not fo as to give him any Of- 
 fence, or hinder him in his feed- 
 ing. 
 
 The Morning the Horfe Is to run 
 the Match, take off his Muzzle be- 
 fore Day, rub his Head well, and 
 give him a good Quantity of Oats 
 mafh'd with Mufcadiney if he likes 
 it, or elfe in Whites of Eggs. If 
 lie does not like either of thefe, 
 give him dry Oats finely drefs*d, 
 iuix*d with a little Wheat, or the 
 
 lighteft Bread, but no Bean?. Of 
 any of thefe Foods, give him {o 
 much as may keep Life and Soul 
 together. 
 
 If he is a Horfe that does not 
 empty well, but is apt to retain his 
 Meat long, walk him out in the 
 Places where he ufes to empty, and 
 allure him to Dung and Pifs ; which 
 he having done, carry him into the 
 Stable, put on his Muzzle, and let 
 him ftand till Orders are given to 
 lead him out : but if he is a Horfe 
 that empties freely, you need not 
 carry him out, but let him ftand 
 quietly. 
 
 Juft befare you lead him out, or 
 bridle him, if you think him too 
 empty, give him three or four 
 Mouihfuls of the wafh'd Meat be- 
 fore direfted, and having wafh'd the 
 Snaffle in a little Mufcadine^ put it 
 on, and drefs him ; pitch the Saddle 
 and Girths with Snoeiiiaker*s Wax, 
 and faddle him, girding it on mode- 
 rately, that tho he feel ir, there 
 may be no Straitnefs. 
 
 Then cover him with a white 
 Sheet, and lay his ordinary Clothes 
 over that, and his Body and Ereaft 
 Clothes over them, wifping them 
 round with f->ft Wifps; and if there 
 be a Clorh of State, put that over all. 
 Juft before you draw our, give 
 the Horf- half a Pint of Mufcadint 
 in a Horn. 
 
 In ail th^ Leadings upon the 
 Courfe, let the Motions be gentle 
 and calm, let him fmell to ev?ry 
 Dung, to allure him to dung ; walk 
 him upon long Ruilies, Ling or 
 Heath, to allure him to pifj, ; and 
 if that does not do, then towards, 
 the latter end, break fome Wifp 
 under his Belly to make him pifs. 
 
 If any Foam or Froth arifes 
 about his Mouth, wipe it off with a 
 clean Handkerchief ; and having 
 with you a Bottle of fair Water, 
 
 now 
 
S A C 384 ) 
 
 now and then waQi his Mouth with 
 it. 
 
 At the Starting Place, before you 
 take off his Clothes, rub and chafe 
 the Horre's Legs well with hard 
 Wifps, pick his Feet, wafh his 
 Mouth with Water, and unclothe 
 
 s A 
 
 him, and let the Rider mount. 
 RUPTURE. 
 < Take Bole-Armoniack powder'd, 
 
 * common Pitch, Irankincenfe^Maf- 
 
 * tit\ and SangmsDraconis^o^t^c^i an 
 
 * Ounce, make them into a Plafter, 
 ^ and lay them upon the Rupture 
 
 * and Loins of the Horfe, letting 
 « it lie till it fall ofF of it felf j 
 ' which alfo, by giving him ftrength- 
 
 * ning Things inwardly, will cure 
 
 * him. 
 
 RUPTURE-WORT. 
 
 Rupture-wort is agglutinating ; ijh 
 good in Ruptures, Fluxes, Mattering 
 of the Yard, Stoppage of Urine, 
 fof Obftrudions of the Liver, Yel- 
 lows, Wounds and Worms; dries 
 up the Moiflure of Piftulas and Ul- 
 cers, 
 
 RYE. 
 
 Ry Is accounted the moft deter- 
 five and cleanfing of all Grains 
 that are common, and therefore 
 good to cleanfe and fcour feme 
 grofs foul bodied Horfes : It being 
 alfo fuppuraiive and diffentient, it 
 IS ufed in Charges and Caca^ 
 plafms. 
 
 s. 
 
 S A C C A D E. 
 
 ASaccade is a Jerk which the Ri- 
 der gives the Horfe, in pul- 
 ling or twitching the Reins of the 
 Bridle all on a fudden, and with 
 one Pull, when a Horfe lies heavy 
 upon the Hand, or obftinately arms 
 himfelf : It may be with more or 
 lefs Violence. This fort of Cor- 
 reftion is made ufe of to make a 
 Horfe carry well, but ir ought to be 
 ufed but feldom, and with Difcre- 
 tion too. 
 
 SADDLE-BACK'D. 
 
 A Horfe is fa id to be Saddle-back' d 
 that is hard to fit with a Saddle. All 
 Horfes that are faddle-back'd 
 have their Backs low, and a rais'd 
 Head and Neck, and cover a Man 
 well ; but it is accounted an Imper- 
 fec'tion, for fuch Horfes are gene- 
 xally weak. 
 
 SAFFRON. 
 
 The Englijl) Saffron is the beft. 
 
 efpecially that of Efjex and Cam" I 
 bridgefl/tre. Tho there \s a great 
 deal brought from Spain* It is a 
 great Cordial, and is ufed both in- 
 ternally and externally. It ftrengthens 
 the Heart, is good for a Confump- 
 tion in the Lungs, and Shortnefs of 
 Breath ; is excellent againft epide- 
 mical Difeafes, as ^e Plague, and 
 is good for the Yellows. 
 SAGE, 
 
 Sage Is of feveral forts, but that 
 with broad Leaves, and the red 
 leaved is accounted the beft. It is 
 good in moft Difordersof the Head 
 and Brain, which arife from the 
 Nerves, and in fweetning the Blood, 
 efpecially of thofe Horfes that are 
 of a cold and moift Temperament. 
 It ftrengthens the Sinews, and be- 
 ing put in Water is good to wafti old 
 Sores. 
 
 WOOD SAGE. 
 
 Wood Sa^e is not of fo hot and 
 drying 
 
S A 
 
 C 35j ) 
 
 S A 
 
 drying a Quality as Garden Sage, 
 but is digeftive and difcufling of 
 Swellings and Knots in the Flefh. 
 It is good for green Wounds, Sores, 
 Ulcers, and provokes Urme. 
 S A K E R. 5^e D O C K. 
 SALGEMMA. 
 
 Sal Gemma trhot and dry, clean- 
 ing and aftringenr. 
 
 SAL NITRE. 
 
 Sal Nitre is good to comfort the 
 Sinews, and take away Tirednefs 
 and Wearinefs. 
 SAL PO LYCHRESTUM. 
 
 Place a Crucible, or Iron Por, 
 in the midft of a Heap of live Coals, 
 make it all over red hot, even at 
 the bottom, then with a Ladle throw 
 in about an ounce of Sulphur and 
 fine Nitre finely powdered, mix*d 
 in equal Quantities ; this being 
 thrown in will take Fire, and break 
 into a Flame, as foon as ever it 
 touches the Crucible or Pot. As 
 foon as the Flame is over, ftir the 
 matter that is left at the bottom of 
 the Crucible, c^c, and then throw 
 in the reft of the Sulphur and Nitre, 
 by much the fame Quantities, ftill 
 ftirrin" it at the bottom with an I- 
 ron Inftrument, that the Fire may 
 the more effedually penetrate it. 
 When you have thrown in the 
 whole, cover the Crucible, and heap 
 the Fire all round, and on the Top 
 of it, letting it cool of it felf. When 
 it is cold reduce it to a fine Powder, 
 of which there will be about a pound 
 and half, if yeu have thrown in 4 
 pounds o^ Sulphur and Nitre, 
 
 If the Nitre was very fine, and 
 you have rightly performed the O- 
 peration, the Powder will be of a 
 pale Rofe Colour, if not it will be 
 white as Snow, which is fit for ufe, 
 or of a grayjjij Colour, which will 
 be worth nothing. That which is 
 of a Rofs Colour is better than the 
 vjhiti. Bin let the Op«rauon be 
 
 Healing, or 
 
 never fo cxa(\]y performed, and the 
 Nitre be never fo good, it will not 
 always be produced of that Colour, 
 fo that it feems to be by Accident. 
 SANATIVE. 
 
 Sanative fignifies 
 conducing to Health. 
 
 SANDERS. 
 
 Sanders, red, white, and yellow, 
 are of an aftringent and ftrengtbning 
 Quality ; they repel Humours, and 
 ftop Dcfluxions, and cool Inflam- 
 mation5. 
 
 SANGUIS DRACONIS. 
 
 Sanguis Draconis is of an aftrin- 
 gent Quality, and good to ftay Flux- 
 es of Blood. 
 
 SANGUIFICATION. 
 
 Sanguification fignifies making 
 Blood in the Body of Animals, 
 which is made from the Chyle, by 
 the Attrition of the Arteries thereup- 
 on, as the Chyle is made out of the 
 Aliments by the Contraftion an4 
 Attrition of the Stomach. 
 SANICLE. 
 
 Sanicle is accounted a good Vul- 
 nerary. See All-heal or Heal-all, 
 SARACEN'S CONSOUND. 
 
 Saracen's Confound, or Saracen^s 
 Wound-wort, opens Obftru£lions of 
 the Liver and Gall, the Yellows, 
 and inward Wounds and Bruifes. 
 SARCOCOLLA. 
 
 Sarcocolla is a Gum of the Eu- 
 phorbium Kind, it cleanfes, incar- 
 nates, and comforts Wounds. 
 SARCOTICKS. 
 
 Sdrcoticl^ are Medicines that fill 
 up Ulcers with new Flefh ; they are 
 the fame as Incarnatives. 
 
 S ARS AP ARILLA. 
 
 Sarfapanlla is accounted a great 
 Sweetner of the Blood. 
 
 S A T Y R I O N. 
 
 Satyrion is accounted not only a 
 Cordial, but a Reftorative. 
 SAVIN. 
 
 Savin is a very powerful Cleanfer, 
 C c and 
 
S C ( 386 ) 
 
 and for that Reafon is very proper 
 
 s c 
 
 to be given to Horfes in all their 
 Scourings. The Juice mix'd with 
 Homey is very good to cleanfe foul 
 Ulcers, and to kill Tetters and other 
 truptions on the Skin. Being dried 
 and nn.ix'd with Honey, it is good for 
 ♦he Farcin, and to expel the dead 
 Poal. It is accounted very efficaci- 
 rus in deftroying Worms : There- 
 fore the elTential Oil is fometimes 
 apply'd outwardly to the lower Bel- 
 ly for that purpofe. 
 
 SASSAFRAS. 
 
 SajTafras is the Wood of a large 
 Vlrgintan Tree \ it has a p]eaf<5nt a- 
 ron)atick Hear, and has the fame 
 Qi_i.Ui(ies as Guaiacum^ only it is 
 not fo powerful a D.ier. it is apt 
 to pall the Appetite, snd therefore 
 foould be ^iven with Siomachicks. 
 SAVOURY. 
 
 Savoury, both Si^mrner and Win- 
 ter are good to expel Wind in the 
 Stomnch and Bowels ; but the Sum- 
 mer Savoury is the moft efficacious 
 in provoking of Urine, and in cut- 
 ting away tough Phlegm in the 
 Cheft and Lungs. 
 
 SAXIFRAGE. 
 
 Saxifrage is accounted a good Di- 
 uretick, and to be endowed with 
 Virtues againft Gravel, and for dif- 
 fo'ving; the Stone. 
 BURNT SAXIFRAGE. 
 
 B^rni Saxifrage^ihtt Seed«, Leaves, 
 and PxOOiS, have the fame Virtues as 
 Parfley. They provoke Urine, are 
 good to eafe Chcl>ck Pcins; The 
 Juice of it put into Wounds is good 
 JO dry up Moifture. 
 
 SCABBARD. 
 
 Scabbard, Co is the Skin called 
 that ferves for a Sheaih or Cafe to a 
 Hurfe's Yard. 
 
 SCABBED HEELS. 
 
 Scabbed Heels is an eating Putre- 
 faOion on a Horfe's Frufb, W'hich 
 has a verv roifom Smel!, and i.s bard 
 10 cure. Sec trajb. 
 
 SCABIOUS. 
 
 Scabious is of feveral Sorts ; all 
 are generally accounted good Pefto- 
 rals, and of great Service in all fud- 
 den Diforders of the Lungs and 
 Pleura, as Coughs, Short-winded- 
 nefs, i^c, 
 
 A SCALD OR BURN. 
 
 Clarify Hog's-Greafe by fctting it 
 over the Fire, and skimming off the 
 Filth that arifes ; when it is well 
 boiled, fet it by to cool 4 or 5 nights 
 in the open Air, afterwards waiS it 
 in clear running Water till it is very 
 white, then melt it down again, 
 and keep it for ufe, to anoint Parts 
 fcalded or burnt. 
 
 Another, 
 
 Beat ffefli Butter and the Whites 
 of Eggs together, till they are come 
 to the Form of an Ointment, and 
 anoint the Part with it, and it will 
 take out the Fire and heal. 
 SCAMMONY. 
 
 Scammony is the infpiflated Juice 
 of a Root, and is a ftrong Purger. 
 SCARIFICATION. 
 
 Scarification is the making an In- 
 cifion in the Skin with a Lancer, or 
 fuch like Inftrumenr. 
 
 SCATCH MOUTH. 
 
 A Scatch Mouth is a Bit that dif- 
 fers from a Canon Mouth in this, 
 that the Canon is round, whereas a 
 Scatch is more than an Oval. There 
 is alfo a difference between that part 
 of the Scatch Mouth that joins the 
 Bit Mouth to the Branch, in that 
 the Canon is ftay*d upon the Branch 
 by a Fonceau, whereas the Scatch- 
 Mouth is ftay'd by a Chaperon 
 which furrounds the Banquet, The 
 EfFeft of the Scatch Mouth is fome- 
 thing greater than that of the Canon 
 Mouth, and keeps the Mouth more 
 in Subjedion. Snajfics are com- 
 mcnlv Scatch Mouths, 
 SCHOOL. 
 
 School in the Academies^ Is a Term, 
 made ufe of to expiefs borh the Lef- 
 
 fon 
 
S C (3 
 
 ion and the Labour, both of the 
 Horfe and Horfeman, 
 
 SCLEROTICKS. 
 Scleroticks are Medicines which 
 harden and confolidate the Pans 
 that they are applied to. 
 
 s c o R D 1 a M. 
 
 From this Herb Diafcordlum takes 
 its Name. It is alfo called Water 
 Germander, It is very efficacious 
 in all Fevers, and efpecially ihofe of 
 the worft Kind. It grows plenti- 
 fully m watery Grounds, and flow- 
 ers in June and ^«/y. It dries 
 well, and will keep a long time in 
 Powder, m a clofe Galley-pot well 
 flopped. 
 
 SCOURING S. 
 
 Scourings are wholefom, natural, 
 and gentle purging Medicines, which 
 do not ftir up a great Flux of Hu- 
 mours, and only keep the Body clean 
 from fuch Evils as would arife and 
 grow. Thefe Scourings are proper 
 to be given to Horfes that are full 
 bodied, or ftand much in the Sta- 
 ble. 
 
 The moft natural Scouring for 
 Horfes is Grafs, and the beft Grafs 
 for Scouring is that of a new mown 
 Meadow, for that will rake the Guts 
 very well, and a Horfe will not foon 
 gather Flefc in fuch Paftuie, at leail: 
 in ic; Days time, which is the moft 
 that fhould be allow'd, for after that 
 the Horfe will fatten upon it ; which 
 if you would have him do, you 
 fhould take him out thence, and put 
 him into Grafs that has not been 
 mown. 
 
 This fort of Scouring will empty 
 a Horfe well of all his bad Humours 
 anJ Surfeits, eafc his Limbs won- 
 derfully, and do a great deal of 
 good to his Legs and Feet, purify 
 his Blood that has been corrupted, 
 and make him nimble and fprighi- 
 
 i(i!£t to this aie the Ehdcs of 
 
 87 ) 
 
 s c 
 
 green Corn, either Wheat, £ar/ey 
 or Rye, which are called Sorraie> 
 which being given a Horfe fcr a 
 Week and no more, deanfe and 
 cool his Body very much. Likewife 
 the Leaves of green Sallows, and the 
 Elm ; green Thirties being cut and 
 given a Horfe for < Days, are good 
 Scourers. Al fo a Peck of Mai ► made 
 into a Mafh, with a Handful or 
 more of beaten Hempfeed, is alfo 
 a good gentle Scouring. 
 
 A Medicinal Scouring, 
 Pick out the Stones of 20 Rat- 
 fins of the Sun, flit half a fcore Figs 
 roundwife,'and boil them in 2 quarts 
 of running Water till the Water '\% 
 wafted and thickened j then take 
 Annifeeds, Liquorice, and Sugar, 
 all powdered fine and fifted, and 
 mix them with the Ingredients be- 
 fore- mentioned, ftamping them, and 
 working them together till they be- 
 come a ftifF Pafte. Make pretty 
 large round Balls of this Compod- 
 tion, and cover them with Butter, 
 and give the Horfe as many as you 
 think proper. You (hould exercife 
 him both the Day before and im- 
 mediately before he takes them j 
 warm him thoroughly to raife up his 
 Greafe, and ftir the Humours, and 
 make the Medicine work more ef- 
 fedually. 
 
 Another very good Scouring, 
 Take oi Annifeeds 6 ounces, of 
 ' Cummin Seeds an ounce and half, 
 
 * of Carthafnus 3 drams, of Brim* 
 
 * Jlone ^ ounces ; powder all thefe 
 ' very fine, and fearce them : then 
 ' take a quart and 4 ounces of Sal- 
 ' let Oily of Honey 3 pound, of 
 
 * White Wine 4 quarts ; making ic 
 ' into a ftiffPaft, working it very 
 
 * well with fine Wheat Meal, and 
 
 * kneading it thoroughly, ana keep 
 
 * it in a Pot for ufe. When a Horfe 
 
 * has been hunting, or is very 
 
 * thirfty in a Morning, diflolve a 
 
 C c 2 ♦ BalL 
 
s c 
 
 ( 388 ) 
 
 s c 
 
 '. B.^U of this as big as a Man's 
 
 * Fift in a Gallon cr two of cold 
 
 * Water, and give it the Hoife to 
 
 * drink ^ nnd in the dark, left he 
 
 < fhould d (like the Colour, for it 
 ' will make the W^ter as white as 
 « Milk. If he drinks this Mixture, 
 
 < give him xMeat ; but if he does 
 ' not drink it, keep him fafting till 
 
 < he flK-ill drink it, which he will 
 
 < do by that time it has been offer- 
 « ed him twice or thrice : when he 
 « has once drank of it, he will like 
 « it very well, and he cannot have 
 
 < too much of it, if he has Exer- 
 ' cife : It is an excellent Medicine 
 
 * for all inward Infirmitief. 
 
 There are Variety of Scourings, 
 which being appropriated to par- 
 ticular Diftempers, may be found 
 under their proper Heads. 
 SCOURINGS FOR A RUNNING 
 HORSE. 
 
 * Put an ounce of the cleared and 
 
 * fineft Hoji/i^ finely powder'd, into 
 ' a pint of fzvcet Canary, brew 
 
 * them till they are very well incor- 
 ' pornted together; and then add 
 ' half a pint of the beft Sallef Oil, 
 
 * and brew them very well together 
 
 * in like manner ; then fwceten it 
 
 * with an ounce and half of Sugar 
 « Candy finely powder'd, fet it 
 
 < over the fire till it is jiift luke- 
 « warm; and when the Horfe is juft 
 ' come home from his Hear, his 
 « Head being tied tip to the Rack, 
 f give k him in a Horn. 
 
 T/je ftccnd Scour in it. 
 
 For the fecond Scouiinjj, give 
 ih,e Horfe one of the following 
 Cordial Balls, about as big as a 
 Trench Walnut, Kuil and all. 
 
 ' Take Cummin- Seeds yVenunreek- 
 « Seeds^ and Elecampane Roots, 
 ^ Flozver of Bri',?jJior.e^ and Su^ar- 
 « Cdndy^ of each 4 ounces; 
 ' let tl-iem ail be finely powdered 
 • and fearced^ the juice of LivioriJ]} 
 
 ' 2 ounces : put to them a pint of 
 
 * White Wme, and fet them on the 
 ' Fire ; then mix with them two 
 ' ounces of the Chymical Oil of 
 ' Ann'tfeed, and 6 ounces of Syrup 
 
 * of Coltsfoot'^ add to thefe the 
 ' beft Oil of Olives^ Honey and 
 ' Syrup, or melted Sugar^ of each 
 ' a pint. Having mixed them all to- 
 ' gether, make them into a Pafte 
 ' with wheaten Flower, and make 
 ' them into Balls for ufe ; or you 
 
 * may put the Pafte into an earthen 
 ' Pot, and ftop it clofe, and make 
 ' the Balls as you ufe them. 
 
 SCRATCHES. 
 
 The Scratches are a fort of dry 
 Scabs, Chaps, or Rifts, breeding 
 between the Heel and the Paftern 
 Joint, and fometimes extend them- 
 felves even to the Hoof of the hin- 
 der Legs ; and fometimes (tho but 
 feldom) are upon all four Legs : 
 They are call'd by feveral Names, 
 as Crepances, RatZ-Taits, &c. 
 
 The Caufe, They fometimes come 
 by Negligence, the Heels not being 
 rubb'd down well after a Journey, 
 or by want of Cleanlinefs under or 
 near a Horfe's Heels ; fometimes 
 after Heats, Surfeits, or any kind 
 of violent Exercife ; or when Care 
 has been wanting to cure the 
 Greafe. 
 
 The Signs, At firft it begins with 
 a dry Scab upon the Paftern Joints, 
 like Chaps or Chinks, and will 
 caufe a Swelling in the Legs, and 
 Gourdinefs, and run with frettingj 
 waterifti Matter : The Hair will di- 
 vide, ftare, and curl, and the Horfe 
 at his firft fetiing out will go 
 lame. 
 
 The Cure. Clip the Hair from 
 the Horfe's Heels very clofe, and 
 fcrape off the Scabs, and wafh the'V 
 Part with Urine and Salt, or Brine; 
 then take unflak'd Lime, Salt and 
 Soot, of each equal quantities, all 
 reduc'd 
 
s c 
 
 C 38P ) 
 
 s c 
 
 recJuc*d ro- a fine Powder ; boil 
 them in the ftrongeft White Wine 
 Vinegar, to the Confiftence of a 
 Pouhice, then foften it with ny'd 
 Hog's Greafe, and make an Oint- 
 ment, and anoint the Places till they 
 are cured. 
 
 The Horfe's Legs mud be kept 
 dry during the time of Cure; and 
 every time you drefs the Horfe, 
 you muft wafh off the former 
 Dreding with fcalding hot Urine or 
 Brine. 
 
 jinother, 
 
 * Work up Verdegreafe, finely 
 
 * powder'd with Hojiey, mto an 
 ^ Ointment, and anoint the Sores ; 
 
 * obferving the former Diredions, 
 
 * and it will cure. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Bleed the Horfe in the Shackle 
 ' Veins and Spur Veins, and in the 
 
 * Fore-toe Veins ; but let there be 
 ' 3 Days diftance between bleeding 
 ' him in one Toe- Vein and the 
 ' other J then rub the Sores till they 
 
 * bleed with a Hay Thumb-rope, 
 
 * and having boil'd half a pound of 
 
 * Allum in a quart of Chamberlye, 
 
 * and a quarc of ilrong Brine, 
 ' wafh the Sores with this hot very 
 
 * well ; and if in March, put the 
 *■ Sperm of Frogs into an earthen 
 
 * Veflelj and in 7 Days time it will 
 ' turn to a fort of Oil j fpread this, 
 
 * and the round things that appear 
 
 * in the Sperm, on a (~loth, and 
 
 * bind it to the Sores, and repeat it 
 
 * feveral times, obferving the for- 
 ' mer Diredions : This has cured 
 ' ihcm, when held incurable. 
 
 j^nother, 
 ^ Boil a piece of Bread in Vine- 
 ' gar to a Poultice, and lay it to 
 
 * the Scratches^ and it will draw out 
 ' the Core ; then take as much Ho- 
 ' my as will fill an Egg-fhell, half 
 
 * an ounce of Verdegreafe, and a 
 
 ' piece of Brlmjlone of the fame 
 * bignefs, but noi of an equal wei^ihr, 
 ' boil them together till they look 
 ^ black, and anoint the Sorts with 
 ' ir, and it will heal and cu e.' See 
 Crepances, Rai-taiU, &cc, that which 
 is good for one, being good for 
 ail. 
 
 S C R IT P I N. 
 
 Some call a thro' Splent on borh 
 fides of the Legs, the great Bone 
 Scrupin, 
 
 The Cure. Fiift tye the Head of 
 the Horfe clofe to a ftrong Poft, 
 and afterwards tye up his contrary 
 Leg ; then beat and bruife the Splent 
 on both fides with a Blood Stick, 
 till it be fomewhat foft ; or x'c the 
 Horfe will not bear the beatinti^of 
 it (landing, you muft caft him \v'n\\ 
 a Rope. " When it has been beaten 
 foft, take a Shilling's-worth of Oil 
 of Origanum, and rub both fides of 
 the Splent with it with your Fingers ; 
 but take care you anoint no vvhere 
 elfe with ir. 'Tye up the Horfe's 
 Head for 2 or 3 Hours, and comrary 
 Leg, for it will fmart. This will 
 take off the Hair a little, but it will 
 foon grow again. Do this 2 or 3 
 times, and it will be fallen in a 
 Week's time, were it ever fo large. 
 If the Splent be fmall, one Dref- 
 fing will be fufficient ; or if it be a 
 Blood-Splenr, this will break the 
 Hair a little, biK not the Skin, and 
 you may turn him out if you 
 pleafe. 
 
 SCURVY-GRASS. 
 
 Scurvy-Grafs is a very great 
 Cleanfer, opens and purges the 
 Blood, the Liver and Spleen, and 
 of great ufe in all cold and grofs 
 phlegmatick Temperaments; It is 
 alfo a Diurettck. 
 
 SEA-MOSS, 
 
 This Plant is generally call'd Co* 
 
 ralline : h is a Sea-Plant growing on 
 
 C c 3 the 
 
S E ( 390 
 
 the Rocks and Shells of Fifhes, or 
 on Coral, the latter of which is the 
 bed : it is frequently given to 
 Horfes for the Worms, it being a 
 Worm-killer. 
 
 SEA-SCURVY-GP.ASS. 
 This has the fame qualities with 
 the former, but does not come up 
 to it in Power, except as a Diu- 
 retickj and in that it is ftrongcr. 
 SEAT. 
 Seat \?i the Pofture or Situation 
 of a Horfeman upon the Saddle : 
 Seat is alfo ufed fometimes for Put j 
 as feat a Horfe upon the Haunches, 
 i. e, put him upon the Haunches. 
 SECESSION. 
 Secelfion \s the going off by Se- 
 cretion, as the Excrements are par- 
 ticularly faid to be formed by the 
 Secedion of thofe Parts, whereof 
 they confift-, from the animal Fluids, 
 th.o' iheir proper Outlets. 
 SEEL. 
 A Horfe is faid to feel when he 
 begins to have white Eye-brows, 
 which is when he is about 1 5 or 16 
 Years of A;e. 
 
 SELENDER. 
 The Selenden and Malenders are 
 borh the fame, only with this dif« 
 ference, that the SeUnder breeds on 
 the bending of the Hough in the 
 hind Legs, and the Maler/der on the 
 bendintr^ of the Knee on the infide 
 of the fore Leg ; and they both pro- 
 ceed from one Caufe, and there- 
 fore require the fame Cure. See 
 1^1 alar. dtr. 
 
 S E N A. 
 That is the bcft rr.3t is (harp- 
 poin-ed, and of a bright green 
 colour and frefh; It is a ve;-y fmart 
 Purge, operates quickly, ^nu •: much 
 fafer for Horfes, than Scum'77ony 
 and other Gums and infpi;Tate Juico?. 
 \f \t be correded with any of :he 
 hot carminative Seed?, or Ginger^ or 
 Wonnwood^ or Salt of Tartar, 
 
 S H 
 
 SEPARATERS. 
 The Separates are a Hot fe*s 
 middle Teeth. 
 
 SERPEGER. 
 Serpeger is a Word ufed in the 
 Academies, to fignify the riding of 
 a Horfe in a ferpentine Way, or in 
 a Tread with waved Turnings ; 
 But it is a Term now grown out of 
 ufe. 
 
 SERPENTINE. 
 A Horfe is faid to have a Serpen- 
 tine Tongue, that has a frisking 
 Tongue, that is always in Motion ; 
 and fometimes palTes over the Bit, 
 inftead of keeping in the void Space, 
 which is call'd the Liberty of the 
 Tongue. 
 
 S E V I L. 
 The Sevtl of the Branches of a 
 Bridle, is a Nail turned round like a 
 Ring, having a large Head made 
 faft in the lov/er part of the Branch, 
 caird Gargoville, See Banquet. 
 SH ACKLEGALL. 
 You may fiift bathe the place 
 with Salt and Urine, or Salt and 
 Water, or warm Vinegar, to take 
 out (he Venom ; and afterwards 
 
 * Take Rye-fiower and dry it well, 
 ' and mix one fourth Part of ic 
 
 * with three Parts of Sheeps-dung 
 
 * newly made -, knead it fnjo a Pafte, 
 ' make it into a Cake, and bake ir, 
 ' then powder \t, and apply the 
 ' Powder warm to the galled place, 
 ' and it will heai it ; or you may 
 
 * anoint n with Verdegreafe^ pow- 
 
 * dered fine, and Turpentine, mix- 
 < ed together ; or, 
 
 Boil Honty and Verdegreafe to- 
 
 ' gether till it look red, and anoint 
 ' the place with n twice a day, and 
 ' ftrew on the Sore chopt Flocks to 
 ' keep on the Ointment. 
 
 S H A M B R I E R. 
 
 A Shambrier is a long kathern 
 
 Thong, faften'd to the end of a Cane 
 
 or Sticky to animate a Horfe, or \o 
 
 pnnilb 
 
. S H (3 
 
 punifli him if he refufe to obey the 
 Horfeman. 
 
 SHANK. 
 
 The Shank of a Horfe's Leg, is 
 that part of the Fore-leg that reaches 
 from the Knee to the Fetlock or 
 Paftern Joint. 
 
 SHEDDING OF HAIR. See Hair 
 
 or Caji, 
 
 HORSE-SHEET. See Caparifon. 
 
 SHELL. 
 
 A Shell-toothed Horfe^ is one that 
 bears the Mark in all his Fore teeth 
 without any Artifice, and naturally 
 from five Years to old Age; and 
 there ftill keeps that hollow place, 
 with a black Mark call'd the £ye of 
 the Bean : fo that at twelve or fif- 
 teen, he has the Mark of a Horfe 
 that is not fix Years old. 
 
 For in other Horfes the hollow 
 place in the Nippers is fill'd, and 
 the Mark difappears towards the fixth 
 Year, by the Tooth*s being worn. 
 Much about the fame Age it is half 
 worn out in the middling Teeth ; 
 and it difappears in the corner Teeth 
 towards the eighth Year. 
 
 But sfcer a (liell toothed Horfe has 
 mark'd, he ftill marks equally in the 
 Nippers, the middling and the cor- 
 ner Teeth ; the Caufe is, thefe Teeth 
 being harder than thofe of other 
 Horfes, do not wear fo much, and 
 therefore do not lofe the black 
 Spot. 
 
 SHEPHERD'S PCRSE, or SHEP- 
 HERD'S-POaCH. 
 
 This Herb is healing and aggluti- 
 nanr, and is therefore of ufe in all 
 Hemorrhages, either at the Nofe, 
 Fundament, or Yard ; The Juice of 
 it apply'd to frefh Wounds foon 
 cicatrizes and cures them. It is 
 good for the Yellows, pilling of 
 Blood ; and being made into a 
 Poultice, helps Inflammations. 
 SHORT-BREATHED j See PUR- 
 SiVENESS or BREATH. 
 
 91 ) s H 
 
 SHORT- J DINTED. 
 
 Horfes are faid to be (hort-joint- 
 ed, who have a (hort Paftern. Sec 
 
 SHOULDER. 
 
 The Shoulder of a H.)rfc is that 
 Joint which is in his Fore- quarters, 
 which joins the End of liis Shoulder- 
 blade with the Extremity of his Fore- 
 Thigh. 
 
 Or the shoulder of a Horfe is that 
 Part of his Fore-hand which lies be- 
 tween the Withers, the Fore-thigh, 
 the Counter, and the Ribs. 
 
 The Shoulder of the Branch of a 
 Bit, is that part of it that begins 
 at the lower part of the Arch 
 of the Banquet, over-againft the 
 middle of the Fonceau or Chape- 
 ron, and forms another Arch under 
 the Banquet, 
 
 The Shoulder of a Branch make 
 a greater or lefTer Circumference^ 
 according as it isdefigned to fortify 
 or weaken the Branch. 
 SHOULDER PIGHT, SPLAIT, 
 STRAIN or WRENCH. 
 
 In order to have a true Notion 
 of the Hurts and Accidents in the 
 Shoulders, it will be neceflary to be 
 apprised. That the Blade-bone is not 
 fix'd to the Body by jointing as o- 
 ther Members are, but by Appofi- 
 tion, it being laid upon the Extre- 
 mity of the Side or Ribs, and is kept 
 in its proper Situation by Ligaments 
 and Mufcles, under and above it ; 
 fo that when a Horfe receives a 
 Strain in the Shoulder, thofe Liga- 
 ments or Mufcles are ftietch'd and 
 relaxed ; and when this Relaxation 
 \s violent, it is call'd a fhoulder 
 Splait, iyc. 
 
 The Caufe. This Injury may 
 
 come feveral Ways-, either by turn= 
 
 ing or ftopping the Horfe too fud- 
 
 denly upon uneven Ground, or by 
 
 C c 4 going 
 
S H 
 
 (19 
 
 going haftily out at a Door, or thro* 
 a narrow PafTage, by a Slip or Slide, 
 by a Fall, Rack or violent Strain, 
 a Hart or Bruife on the Withers, CT'f. 
 The Signs. The Horfe will halt 
 and go lame, and fometitnes trail 
 his Leg after him with a Sweep, and 
 the fhoulder Point will fometimes 
 ftick out farther than its fellow. 
 
 But when the Hurt is not fo vio- 
 lent as to fhow a Loofenefs and a 
 Swelling in the Shoulder, it is not an 
 eafy matter readily to determine 
 whf^ther the Lamenefs be in the 
 Foot, the Shoulder, or in any other 
 Joinr. 
 
 And therefore to come to a right 
 Knowledg of that, it h an ufual 
 Practice to unfhoe the Horfe, and 
 examine all the Parts from the Shoul- 
 der to the Sole. But the Weaknef- 
 fes of the Shoulder, may be diftin- 
 guifhed from that of the Foot by the 
 following Obfervations : 
 
 If the Weaknefs be in the Shoul- 
 der, the more the Horfe is warmed 
 by Exercife the lefs he will halt ; 
 whereas if it be in the Foot, he will 
 halt mod when he \s ridden^ And 
 when the Wrench is violent, he will 
 be apt to caft his Leg outwards, and 
 form a Circle as he goes. But if he 
 does not in his Gaite difcover any of 
 thefe Signs, the fureft way will be 
 to turn him fhort on the lame Side ; 
 for, that will try it more than any 
 thinf; ; for then if his Grief lies m 
 h\s Shoulder, he will fet his Foot to 
 the Ground hardly, and favour his 
 Shoulder as much as he can. 
 
 The Cure* Some advife to fwim 
 the Horfe in a deep Water, which 
 may probably make the Joint go in- 
 to its right Place again. Then ha- 
 ving made two Pins of Afhen-wood 
 fharp at the Points, and of the thicks 
 nefs of a Finger, and of the length 
 of 5 Inchesj to flit the Skin an Inch 
 
 2 ) s H . 
 
 above the Point of the Horfe's 
 Shoulder, and an Inch beneath, and 
 to thruft in one of the Pins from the 
 upward P^rt downwards, fo that 
 both the Ends may equally ftick 
 with the Skin ; and then to make 
 2 other Holes crofs-ways to the two 
 fiift Holes, fo that the 2 Pins may 
 form a Crofs exaftly. The firft 
 Pin ought to be made fomething 
 flat in the middle, that the other be- 
 ing round, may prefs the better 
 without Stop, and lie the clofer. 
 And if the wooden Pin will not ea- 
 fily pafs thro*, you may make the 
 Way with the iron Pin j then ha- 
 vmg a piece of Line fomething big* 
 ger than a Whipcord, having a Loop 
 made at one End, put the Loop o- 
 ver the End of one of the Pins, (b 
 that it may lie between the End of 
 the Pins and the Skin. You muft 
 faften the laft End with Packthread 
 to the reft of the Cord, fo that it 
 may not flip. 
 
 The Pins and Cord ought both 
 to be firft greafed with Hogs-greafe. 
 This being performed, fet the Horfe 
 up in the Stable, and let him ftand 
 at reft for 9 or lo Days ; put a paf- 
 tern Shoe on the fore Leg, and pre- 
 vent him from lying down as much 
 as may be. Then after the Expira- 
 tion of that Time, anoint the Part 
 with Dialthjia or Hogs-greafe, and 
 put him to grafs, and let him run 
 there till the Pins are rotted off. 
 
 If in a Months time the Horfe 
 be work'd in a Cart, it will do him 
 good as to the fettling bis Shoulder, 
 and make him the fitter for riding. 
 
 Some again fay, that Swimming 
 a Horfe for a Shoulder.Splair, from 
 an Opinion that the Joint is our, is 
 abfurd, for that if it were really fo 
 the Horfe muft fwim with 9 Legs, 
 which is almoft impoftible. But yet 
 they allow that fwimming is fome- 
 times 
 
 ^ 
 
S H ( 393 ) . S H 
 
 1$ ferviceable cold reftrlngent Charge of F/;7^^4r or 
 
 times fuccefsful, and 
 in all old Griefs, as a cold Bath is, 
 by helping Perfpiration, and giving 
 a more lively Motion to the ob- 
 ftrufted Matterj and for this they re- 
 commend the Morning as the mod 
 proper Time for this Exercife, the 
 Water being then coldeft ; and that 
 in order to render it ferviceable, it 
 muft be continued for fome time. 
 
 And as to any kind of Labour 
 they difapprove of It, nor will they 
 allow him to be ridden, being of 
 opinion that a Weight upon the 
 Horfe's Back, muft needs add to the 
 Weaknefs, the greateft Strefs lying 
 upon the Shoulders ; But they are 
 not againft walking him out daily, 
 if the Weather be good, and the 
 encreafing his Exercife as the Shoul- 
 der recovers Strength. 
 
 But there ought to be a Diftinc- 
 tion made between a new Hurt and 
 an old one ; for if the Strain be frefh, 
 the firft Application fhould be of 
 fuch Medicines as are proper to al* 
 lay the Heat and Inflammation, 
 and to prevent a too great Afflux 
 of Matter to the Part : becaufe 
 there are in all the moveable Parts 
 of the Body, certain vifcid and glevvy 
 Humours, which facilitate the Mo- 
 tion of the Joints. Now thefe Wa- 
 ters upon the receiving of this In- 
 jury, and the Relaxation of the Li- 
 gaments or Mufcles, fpread them- 
 felves thro' the Parts that are dilated 
 and torn by the Wrench of the Shoul- 
 der, and do there grow thick and 
 hard, when let alone any Time, 
 Therefore in fuch old Grief, thofe 
 Medicines are chiefly to be made ufe 
 of, that are proper to attenuate the 
 fuperfluous Humours, and render 
 them fit to pafs thro' the Pores. 
 
 Therefore in the firft Cafe, where 
 the Hurt is frefti, bleed the Horfe 
 on the contrary fide, and apply a 
 
 Verjuke, Bole, and the Whites of 
 E^gs 5 and the fooner this is done the 
 better. And this fhould be repeated 
 4 or 5 times a day, with a Spunge 
 dip'd into the Charge. After this 
 has been done, apply the following 
 Plafter : 
 
 ' Take a pound of Pitch, De 
 
 * Mi»io Plafter, or Diachylon |2 
 ' ounces. Turpentine half a pound, 
 ' and Oiive-Od 4 ounces ; melt 
 ^ them all together in a Pipkin over 
 
 * hot Embers, keep them conrina- 
 
 * ally ftirring, and when they are 
 ^ diiiblved, put in half a pound of 
 
 * Bole finely powdered. Aloes and 
 ' JV/yrr//, of each 2 ounces.' Spread 
 this while warm on the Horfe's 
 Shoulder, and clap Flocks of the 
 Colour of the Horfe over ir. 
 
 But when the Lamenefs happens 
 to be of an old ftandin^, fome ad- 
 vife to let the Horfe blood m the 
 Plait - Vein, to the quantity of a 
 Quart, and the lamer he is to 
 take the more Blood away ; and 
 when he has bled about a Q^iarr, 
 to put a good HanJful of Salt inro 
 a Bowl, and to let him bleed a 
 Q^iart more into that Salt, keeping 
 the Salt and Blood ftirring all the 
 while he is bleeding into the Bowl, 
 that it may not clotter. Then ftop 
 the Plait- Vein with a piece of L-ad, 
 that may nip the Mouth of the Vein 
 together that it may not bleed. 
 
 Then having an ounce or an 
 ounce and a half ofoHofrurpennne, 
 and the fame Quantity of ftrong Beer 
 in a glafs Phial, fhake them well to- 
 gether, and bathe the Horfe's Breaft 
 and Shoulder well with it wirh 
 your hand, and a'fo the bottom of 
 his Breaft, between his Legs ; then 
 bathe all the forementioned Parts 
 over with the Blood and Salt j 
 then fet the Horfe up in the S.able, 
 
 and 
 
S H 
 
 ( 394 ) 
 
 S I 
 
 and tie both his Fore-legs together 
 3s clofe as you can with a Lift or 
 Garter, and alfo his hind Legs with 
 3 Surcingle. 
 
 The next D^y untie him, take 
 him out and walk him, and if he 
 goes any thing tolerably, get up 
 and ride him gently for the Space of 
 a Mile 5 then fet him up in the Sta- 
 ble, and tie his Fore - Feet a- 
 gain as you did before. 
 
 If he does not go well the firfl: 
 day, only walk him, and do not ride 
 him the fecond Day. And the third 
 Day tie his Legs again, and befides 
 that, having made a Stick flat on 
 both fides in the Form of a Wedge, 
 about the breadth of a fix Pence, 
 rfrive it in between the Toes of his 
 Shoes and his Foot, Co that it may 
 not come out, always keeping his 
 Legs clofe tied while he ftands in 
 the Stable, and peg him with a 
 Wedge ; but when you take him 
 out of the Stable, to walk or ride 
 bim, untie his Legs and take out 
 the Wedge. Do this every Day 
 and Night till the Horfe is well. 
 This Method being taken, will 
 cure the Horfe in one Weeks time, 
 whether the Kurt be new or old. 
 Another Method of Cure. 
 
 *■ Take the Soldiers Otniment, 
 
 * (fee Ointment^ or Nerve Otnt- 
 
 * ment^ a pound, Ointment of 
 •* Mar (Ij-M alow? 3 quarters of a 
 ' poi:nd. of xcti\?iZ^Oil of Atnbir 
 ^ half a pound 5 mix them well to- 
 < oe'her, and chafe the Part twice 
 ' a day with it, drying it in wuh a 
 
 * hot Iron, held as near as it can 
 ' be born ; and at fome Intervals 
 ' with Spirits of Wine campiiorated; 
 •^ or you may ufe the Ointment 
 ' of MonipeUer, which is much 
 " commended by SolleyfelL* 
 
 But if the Lam.enefs does not 
 give way to thefe Remedies, either 
 rowel the Horfe or i^iye the Fire; 
 
 fome prefer the laft, as being 
 lefs painful than the ufual Method of 
 Roweliing, by bruifing and blowing 
 up the Shoulder, 
 
 To do this : Make a Circle the 
 breadth of a Trencher round the 
 Joint with a hot Iron, and pierce 
 the Skin within the whole Circle, 
 making the Holes about an Inch the 
 one from the other ; and having 
 melted Rofin and yellow Wax to- 
 gether, apply to each Hole till the 
 Scars fall ofFj and afterwards drefs 
 them daily with Turpentine and 
 Honey, and apply the Platters as a- 
 bove direfted, /. e. of Pitch, De 
 Mmio^ O'c, till the Sores are dried 
 up. 
 
 SIDEWAYS. 
 
 To ride a Horfe fideways, is to 
 paflage or make him go upon 2 
 Treads, one of which is mark'd by 
 his Shoulders, and the other by his 
 Haunches. 
 
 S I G N E T T E. 
 
 A Signette is an iron Caveflbn 
 with Notches or Teeth j that \s, a 
 Semicircle of hollow and vauhed 
 Iron, having Teeth like a Saw com- 
 pofed of 2 or 3 Pieces joined with 
 Hinges, and mounted with a head 
 Stall and 2 Ropes, as if they were 
 the CavefTons that antiently were 
 ufed to be put upon the Nofe of a 
 fiery, ftiff-headed Horfe, to keep 
 him in fubje(flion. 
 
 SINEW, See NERVE. 
 SINEW CUT. 
 
 * Bruife the Leaves of Nep or 
 
 < Woodh'wey in a Mortar very well, 
 
 < Vv^ith May-butter^ and apply it to 
 
 * the Sinew that is cur, and it will 
 ' be very efficacious in knitting it 
 
 * together.* 
 
 The Herb Alheal is very good, 
 and Wood'Betony and Comjrey are 
 very good to join Sinews together. 
 And fo is the Powder oCRed-lVheaf^ 
 dried and boii'd in Vinegar, 
 
 SINEW' 
 
S I 
 
 ( 35^) 
 
 S I 
 
 SINEW-SHRUN K. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be Sinew • 
 fl)runk» when he has been over- 
 ridden and fo fatiguM, that he be- 
 comes gaunt-bellied by a StifFnefs 
 and Contraftion of the 2 Sinews 
 which are under his Belly. 
 
 The Caufe. It is occafioned fome- 
 tlmes by hard Labour, or fome Indif- 
 pofition, as the Reliques of a foun- 
 dering or excefliive Heat of the Bo- 
 dy, which ftraitens the Guts and the 
 two Sinews that run along the Belly, 
 from the Sheath to the girding 
 Place, reaching to that Part of the 
 Belly that the Horfe touches with his 
 Thighs when he goes. 
 
 The Signs. Thefe Sinews grow 
 hard and ftifF, and fo painful that 
 he lofes his Flefhj and the ftraitnefs 
 of his Guts proceeds from the Dry- 
 nefs and (hrinking of his Sinews. 
 
 The Cure, Firft of all let the 
 Horfe blood in the Neck, and the 
 next day chafe the Sinews with the 
 following anodyne Ointment : 
 
 * Take the Ointments of Marflj- 
 
 * Mallov^Sy Rojes and Populeon^ of 
 ^- each an ounce or two, and anoint 
 ' the Sinews, and dry it in with a 
 
 * hot Iron. Or, 
 
 ^ Take the Fat of Chickens, Hens 
 ' or Caponsy that you find near the 
 
 * Guts or about their Bread 5 melt 
 
 * h and ftrain it thro' a linen Cloth, 
 ' and anoint the Sinews with it as 
 
 * the former.' 
 
 The next Day or fome Days af- 
 ter, take hold of the Sinews with 
 your Fingers, and tenderly part them 
 from the Belly. The next Day a- 
 noint them with one of the prece- 
 ding Ointments, and draw them 
 from the Belly as before. Repeat 
 this till you find them fufficiently re- 
 laxed and lengthen'd, and the Hor- 
 fe's Pain will ceafc, and he will re- 
 cover his Vigour and Strength. 
 
 * Alfo put 2 double Handfuis of 
 
 ' Barley into a Bowl or Pan, and 
 
 * let a Man that drinks" unmixM 
 
 * Wine pifs on them; let them (land 
 
 * all Night to infufe : the next Mor- 
 
 * ning pour off the Urine, and 
 
 * boil a handful of green Fennel' 
 
 * feeds in a pint of Water for a 
 ' quarter of an Hour, and fprinkle 
 ' the Barley with the Scum that ari- 
 ' Cqs from this Decodion. Mix 
 ' this Barley v;ith a little Oats, and 
 
 * give it the Horfe to eat every Mor- 
 
 * ring for 15 Days.* If he refufe 
 to eat thiSj keep him hungry, uiving 
 him nothing elfe till he dots^ and 
 that will bring him to k ; and the 
 eating of it will promote the Cure 
 effedually, and reftore his Appe- 
 tite. 
 
 You may give the Horfe Pvye 
 fprinkled with boiling Water, and 
 afterwards drain'd and cool'd, in- 
 ftead of Oats. 
 
 Give him alfo a double Handful 
 of Wheat, before you fufFer him to 
 drink, and that wiii open his FInnk.% 
 and m.ike him lufty. Or you may 
 give l^:ii) Honev-Water, or moiften- 
 ed Bran, 
 
 But \{ after aU the Horf?: Oiould 
 continue lean and meagre, g've him 
 either the golden Sulpi^ul^, or Liver 
 of Antimony in his Bran. 
 SHRINKING OF THE SINEWS. 
 
 ' Some others recommend to boil 
 
 * a handful of Red-Rofss dried, nnd a 
 ' handful of Chickzreed in a Pint of 
 < Caf7ary, and a Pin: of Ale, till a 
 « fourth Part is wafted ; then to pue 
 ' in a Pint of Troiter-cH, boi'inii it 
 ' ftill for a cood while, and keeping 
 ' it conftantly ftirrinp.' Then flrain 
 it, and anoint the Part ag^riev'd 
 with it, chafing it in well with your 
 Hand, and drying it in with a hot 
 Iron. When you bind it up, put 
 fome of the Herbs to the P^rt, and 
 3 or 4 Times drefUng will compleac 
 the Cure. 
 
 SINEW" 
 
S I 
 
 (^96 ) 
 
 S I 
 
 SINEW. SPRUNG. 
 ' Boil a pint of Linfeed-Oil, and 
 ^ put in 3 Pennyworth oi^ Aqua Vi- 
 
 * tAf ftir them well together, and 
 ^ anoint the Horfe's Leg with it, 
 
 * and it will cure.* 
 
 A NE>57 SINEW STRAIN. 
 
 A sinew Strain is always either 
 opon the Sinews that grow behind 
 on the Fore-leg, or behind upon 
 tlie Sinews of the after Leg ; above 
 the Fetlock Joint, upon the back 
 Part boih of the fore and after Leg, 
 much about the Ankle-bone. 
 
 Strains in the hinder Legs are 
 much more dangerous than thofe in 
 the Fore-legs j the Cure is tedious, 
 and often unfuccefiful. 
 
 The Signs, When thefe Sinews 
 are over drained, they will fwell 
 and be knotted, and it may be per- 
 ceived both by the Swelling and the 
 Horfe*s going ; it will be fo fore that 
 \{^ ycu pinch it between your Fingers 
 and Thumb, the Horfe will winch 
 very much. 
 
 The Cure. * Mix equal Quanti- 
 ' ties of Nerve-Oil and Turpentine 
 ' together, and anoint the Part with 
 
 * it 3 or 4 Times, or more, till it 
 
 * ii well, and dry it in with a hot 
 
 * Iron. But do not anoint but once 
 
 * in 2 or 3 Days, and let the Hoife 
 
 * reit during the Time of Cure' 
 
 Whether it be before or behind, 
 let the Horfe blood if you would 
 l;avc a fpecdy Cure. 
 
 ' Raving firft clipped away the 
 
 * Hair in the P^liern, right over the 
 ^ fliackle Veins, apply Soa/? and 
 « Brandy hot, and ory it in with a 
 ' hot Iron. This with once dref- 
 
 * (in?, will take away his Lamenefs 
 
 * m 48 Hours. The Soap and Bran- 
 
 * dy Charge will, if it be well heat- 
 
 * ed in with an hot Iron, keep on 
 ^ for a Fortnight ; and when you 
 ' perceive the Scurf to rife, anoint 
 
 * ii with Tr oner-Oil once in 2 flays j 
 
 this will ftrcngthen the Sinews, 
 
 * therefore continue it (ill the Horfe 
 ' goes well. Neither ride him, nor 
 
 * let him come into the Water for 
 
 * 4 or 5 Days, or a Week.* After 
 the Charge has been applied, the 
 Cure will be compleated. 
 
 ' Take the quantity of an Egg of 
 
 * Bole-Armoniackf the Whites of 
 ' 5 or 4 E^gs, a handful of Blue- 
 
 * clay, White-wine Vinegar and 
 ' Brandjy of each half a Gill, and 
 ' an ounce of Oil of Turpentine : 
 
 * work all well together with your 
 ' Hand for a quarter of an Hour, 
 
 * then lay it on the back Sinew 
 
 * with fome Flax, like a Charge, 
 
 * and it will cure if it be a new 
 ' Hurt. 
 
 Another Remedy, 
 
 * Firft bleed the Horfe in the 
 ' Oiackle Veins in the Partem ; 
 ' then bathe the Strain with Aqua- 
 ' Vit£, rubbing it in cold with your 
 ' Hand ; then having kill'd and. 
 < flead one of the fatteft Cats you 
 
 * can get, and taken out her Guts, 
 ' pound the Flefh and Bones very 
 
 * well in a Mortar, and bind It clofe 
 ' to the finew Strain from the Paf- 
 ^ tern, as high up the Leg or Legs, 
 
 * as it will go, with a Cloth j and 
 
 * let the Horfe not go into the Wa- 
 
 * ler till he is cured. Or, 
 
 * Having kill'd a Cat, and cut off 
 ' her Head and Legs, and rip'd her 
 
 * open at the Back, lay her Infide 
 « with the Guts warm to the Sinew, 
 ' with ihe Back clofing together, 
 ' upon the Fore-part of the Leg of 
 
 * the Horfe. Let it lie on 24 Hours, 
 ' and then lay on another after the 
 
 * fame manner, and fo a third. 
 
 * After this has been done and is 
 ' dry, beat a piece of Coi'tSnap, as 
 ' big as an Egg, with an ounce of 
 ' Oil of Turpentine, and half a Gill 
 ^ of Brandy, and rub it on the Si- 
 f new, and heat it in well with a 
 
 « hot 
 
S I 
 
 ( 397 ) 
 
 S K 
 
 < hot Iron, and it will cure it tho it 
 
 * be an old Hurt/ 
 
 As foon as a Misfortune of this 
 nature happens, alight immediately, 
 and lead the Horfe to a Place where 
 he may reft, and do not fuffer the 
 Part to cool. Then immediately 
 diflblve a Piece of white Vitriol, a- 
 bout the bignefs of an Egg, in a 
 Quart of cold Water ; dip it in the 
 vitriolated Water, and wrap it feve- 
 ral Times round the Joints, laying 
 ft on with another Cloth. Do this 
 again and again every fix Hours, 
 and it will cure in 2 Days, if it be 
 in the Fore-leg ; but if it be in the 
 Hinder-leg, the Cure will require a 
 longer Time. 
 
 * If it happens fo that you cannot 
 
 * procure the Vitriol, ufe Spirit of 
 ' Wine or Aqi4a Vit£, and apply the 
 
 * Red-Honey Charge warm about 
 
 * the Joint with Flax, and let it lye 
 
 * for 24. Hours. Repeat this every 
 
 * Day till the Horfe is found, which 
 
 * if it be not effefted in 12 Days, 
 ' then take Spirit of Turpentine and 
 
 * Aqua Vit&y of each equal Quan- 
 
 * tiiies ; and having mix'd them 
 
 * well by fhaking them in a Glafs, 
 ' chafe the Joint with the Eflence, 
 
 * rubbing it in with your Hand, and 
 
 * tye up the Horfe fo that he may 
 ' not bite it, for it will fmart very 
 ' much. This will fink in in an 
 ' hour's Time j then apply the Ho- 
 
 * ney Charge to the Joint, and re- 
 
 * new the Charge but not the Ef- 
 
 * fence, every 2 Days. 
 
 ' If the Strain be fo violent as to 
 
 * make the Horfe fick, and forfake 
 
 * his Meat, bleed him plentifully in 
 ^ the Neck, and bathe his Leg 2 or 
 
 * 3 times a day with a Fomentation 
 
 * mz6t\s\i\\Bawm, Lavender ^Mar' 
 
 * jorar/7, Mint, Penny-Royal^ Rofe- 
 
 * mary^ Rue and Wormwood, dip- 
 ' ping woollen Cloths in it, wring- 
 ' ing them out, and applying them 
 
 * hot, and thefe will ftrengthen gnd 
 
 * comfort the nervous Parts. After 
 
 * you have done this, bathe it with 
 
 * camphorated Spirit of Wine, and 
 
 * wrap about it a Cloth dip'd in the 
 ' fame, and tye it on with a Ban- 
 
 * dage.' 
 
 You may alfo give the Horfe fuch 
 internal Medicines as are good to eafe 
 Pain, and promote Sweat j and when 
 the Anguifh is over, apply a good 
 ftrengthening Charge, or Plafter of 
 Pitch, Diachylon, Dragom-Blood^ 
 Bole, &c. 
 
 THE SIT-FAST. 
 
 The Sit-fafi are hard Knobs grow- 
 ing under the Saddle. 
 
 Turn the Point of a long Nail 
 inwards, and catch hold of the Edge 
 of the dead Skin or Horn, and it 
 will rife from the found Skin ; then 
 cut away the hard and dead Skin from 
 the Flefh with a (harp Knife, then 
 pour hot Butter into it Morning and 
 Evening, and it will heal it. And 
 when the Flefh is made even, dry and 
 skin it over cither with Soot and 
 Cream, or Honey and Lime mixM 
 together. Or you may wafh the 
 Wound with Urine or White-Wine, 
 and dry it up with the Powder of 
 burnt Oifter- (hells, or Bole-Armo- 
 niack. 
 
 Or, You may ftamp green Cab- 
 bage-leaves with Hogs-greafe, and 
 having work'd them to an Oint- 
 ment, lay it on the Horfe's Back ; 
 put on the Saddle, and ride him, to- 
 make the Ointment fink into his 
 Back the better. 
 
 SKITTISH. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be skittifi, that 
 leaps inftead of going forwards, 
 that does not fet out or part from 
 the Hand freely, nor employ him- 
 felfashe ought to do. 
 SLABBERING BIT, See 
 MASTIGADOUR, 
 
 SLACK* 
 
so 
 
 SLACK. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to Jlacl^ his Leg, 
 when he trips or ftumbles. 
 S L E E P 1 N G . E V 1 L. See 
 LETHARGY. 
 SLOES. 
 
 Sloes are of a rough auftere Quali- 
 ty, and good in all FoulneiTes which 
 proceed from a too great Relaxation 
 in the Bowels. 
 
 They ought therefore to be ga- 
 thered before they are fully ripe. 
 The Way of ufing them is in their 
 Syrup, which is a very proper Li- 
 <|uid to mix with other Ingredi- 
 ents. 
 
 S M A L L A G E. 
 
 Smallage is accounted one, of the 
 five opening Roots ; it opens Ob- 
 ftruftions in the Liver and Spleen, 
 purifies the Blood, provokes Urine, 
 is good againft the Yellows : the 
 Juice is good to cleanfe foul Ulcers, 
 the Seed is good to expel Wind, 
 and kill Worms : The Roots are 
 good to ail the fore-mention'd Pur- 
 pofes, and preferable to the Herb. 
 SNAFFLE. 
 
 A Snaffle^ caL'd alfo a watering 
 Bit, is commonly a [catch Mouth, 
 accoutred with 2 little very rtrait 
 Branches and a Curb, mounted with 
 
 a Ilead-ftall, and 2 Reins of Lea- 
 ther. 
 
 SNAILS. 
 
 S'la'ds with Shells, or ihofe with- 
 out, are very conglutinating, and 3 
 good Ingredient in Compofitions 
 for Ruptures ; Thofe with the Shells 
 inwardly are good Reftoratives. 
 SNAKEWEED. 
 
 Snakeweed, one fort is call'd Bif- 
 lort^ which grows in feveral Places 
 in England I But the Virginian 
 Snakeweed is the beft, which is a 
 gocid Antidote in all malignant and 
 peftilential Fevers. The Biflort, ac- 
 cording to the Opinion of fome, has 
 the fame Virtues, tho not in fo 
 high a Degree by far, and its chief 
 
 ( 3P8 ) SO 
 
 Efficacy confifts in ns aftrlngefit 
 
 Quality ; by which it is frequently 
 fuccefsful in (lopping Fluxes and 
 Haemorrhages of Blood. 
 
 SNORTING. 
 
 Snorting is a fort of found, that 
 a Horfe full of Fire breaths thro' hii 
 Noftrils ; and is a fign of much Met- 
 tle and a good Wind. 
 SOAP. 
 
 Black: Soap is extremely penetra- 
 ting, by reafon it has fo much o£ 
 the Pot-afh Lixivium in it ; and 
 therefore it is generally ufed in out- 
 ward Applicatioils, and very feldom 
 in inward ones. It is good to re- 
 move exceflive Pains in the Joints, 
 and nervous Parts. It is good for 
 Galls and Swellings, occafioned by 
 the Saddle. 
 CASTILE or VENICE SOAP. 
 
 Is generally ufed in inward Ap- 
 plications, being penetrating and* 
 deterfive ; it is very efficacious in- 
 fcouring and cleanfing the Gland* 
 and fmalleft Paflages, and rarefying' 
 the Juices which they contain. It 
 is alfo good in feveral Difeafes of 
 the Vifcera, but efpecially in thofe 
 of the Liver and Kidneys ; and alfo 
 particularly in the Y'ellows. 
 SOAP- WORT. 
 
 Soap-iJLort or Bruife-wort ; the 
 Juice of it is good to heal green 
 Wounds. It provokes Urine and 
 is good for the Dropfy. 
 SOLDIERS-OINTMENT, 
 or M A R T 1 A T U M. 
 
 ' Take frefh Bay-leaves one 
 
 * pound and a half. Rue a pound 
 ' and a quarter, Marjoram one 
 
 * pound, M»r half a pound, Bafil^ 
 ' Rofcmary^ Sage and Wormwood^ 
 ' of each 4 ounces, o\ Oil-Olive 10 
 
 * pound, Yelloiv-wax two pound, 
 
 * Malaga Wine one pint 5 bruife 
 « the Leaves and boil, till the Wine, 
 
 * and all the aqueous Parts are con- 
 < fumed, then ftrain it for Ufe.* 
 
 This is an excellent Ointment for 
 
 the 
 
s o 
 
 the Nerves, and better 
 which goes under the Name of the 
 Nerve-Ointment. Nor is there any 
 thing in the Form of an Ointment 
 better to remove all old Griefs in 
 the Shoulders, Hips, Legs, and in 
 all Cramps and Convulfions of the 
 Sinews, WeaknefTes in the Nerves, 
 and paralytick Numbnefles. 
 SOLE. 
 
 The Sole of a Horfe's Poet, is as 
 it were a Plate of Horn, which in- 
 virons the Frufh, and covers the 
 whole bottom of the Foot. It is 
 much tenderer than the other Horn 
 that encompafles the Foot. 
 
 The Soles of a Horfe's Feet ought 
 to be thick and ftrong, and the 
 whole lower Part of the Foot where 
 the Shoe is plac'd hollow. 
 
 High-foled Horfes, are fuch whofe 
 Soles are round underneath, fo that 
 they are higher than the Hoof. 
 This oftentimes makes a Horfe halt, 
 and renders it necelTary to ihoe him 
 with a vaulted Shoe. 
 
 There are feveral Infirmities which 
 make it neceflary to take out the 
 Sole, which when it is done, ought 
 to be done without touching the 
 Horn or Hough j for if the Horn 
 be taken off, it makes a Hoof-caft. 
 S O L U T I V E. 
 
 Solutive fignifies laxative, 
 SOOT. 
 
 Soot is lookM upon to be a great 
 Aftringenr, and therefore is frequent- 
 ly made an Ingredient of Cata- 
 plafms, to dry up the over-great 
 Humidity and Moifture of fome forts 
 of Ulcers, And it is fometimes u- 
 fed to put a Stop to Gangrenes and 
 Mortification?. 
 
 SORANCES. 
 
 Sorances are Sores, or the Parts 
 of the Body that are fore. 
 SORES. 
 
 The following Medicines are good 
 
 (399) S P 
 
 than that to wafh all manner of Sores or Ul- 
 cers. 
 
 The Juice of Fox-glove is good 
 to wafh Sores, it will cleanfe, dry, 
 and heal them. So is Alehoof brui- 
 fed in Wine, and Alum is good to 
 wafh them, and Flixweed made into 
 a Salve will fpeedily heal them, 1st • 
 them be ever fo foul and malig- 
 nant. If you anoint any Scab or 
 Sore in the Skin with the Juice of 
 the Leaves or Roots of (linking Glad- 
 win, it will take them away. The 
 Juice of Purflain is very good to 
 wafh Sores, and to allay their Heat* 
 
 Meadov,^-fweet, Rag-wort, the 
 Juice of the Leaves of green Tobac- 
 co, and alfo wild Tanfey boil'd with 
 Vinegar and Honey, will heal moft 
 corrupt, running Sores. 
 
 SORREL-COLOUR. 
 
 Sorrel-colour in Horfes is a reddifh 
 Colour, v;iih which the Mane 
 ought to be red and white. There 
 are various forts, which are diftin- 
 guifhed according to the Degrees of 
 its Deepnefs ; a bright or light Sor- 
 rel, and a burnt Sorrel. Horfes of 
 this Colour are generally good. 
 S O U R I S. 
 
 Souris is a Cartilage in the Noftrils 
 of an Horfe, by the means of which 
 
 he fnorts ; The cutting of this Car- 
 tilage the French call Effouripr, 
 
 SOUTHERNWOOD. 
 
 Southernwood ; the Seed is an 
 Antidote againft Poifon, and is good 
 to kill Worms 5 it is us'd to draw 
 Thorns out of the Fiefh, and the 
 Allies of it is good to dry up old Ul- 
 cers, where there is no Inflamma- 
 tion. 
 
 S P A S M O D I C K. 
 
 Spafmodick Medicines are fuch as 
 are good againft Cramps and Con- 
 vulfions iti the Mufcle5 and Si- 
 news. 
 
 BONE 
 
S P ( 400 ) S P 
 
 ox SPA- news upon the Bent of the Leg. 
 
 BONE-SPAVIN, or 
 
 yiN. 
 
 This DiTeafe is a bony Excref- 
 ccnce or Crull as hard as a Bone, 
 that grows on the infide of the 
 Hough, not far from the Elbow, 
 and is generated of the fame Mat- 
 ter by which the Bones or Liga- 
 ments are nourifhed : It is at firft 
 like a tender Grift!e, but by degrees 
 comes to a hardnefs. 
 
 The Cauje, It is caus'd moftly 
 by putting a Horfe too young to a 
 Fatigue beyond his Strength, or an 
 over-ftraining of him, which in time 
 makes him lame 3 which turning the 
 Blood into ill Humours, it falls 
 down, and takes its Seat in the 
 Hough, caufes it to fwell and grow 
 as hard as a Bone : tho fome 
 Horfes are foaled with this Imper- 
 feftion. 
 
 The Cure. The Method of Cure 
 is to take away this bony Excref- 
 cence, which if it adheres to the 
 Bone, as part of its Subftance, is 
 hardly prafticable : but when it does 
 not, it may be taken away by giving 
 the Fire artificially, or by caurtick 
 
 Ointments ; becaufe 
 
 thefe bring a 
 
 Flux of Matter, and a conftant Moi- 
 fture into the Part, which by degrees 
 will loofen that hard Subftance from 
 its AdhelTon, and then it may be 
 taken off with eafe. 
 
 Some advife, if the Spavin be as 
 big as an Egg, to beat it with a 
 Blood- Stick till it is foft, then to 
 anoint the Bone-Spavin with Oil of 
 Origanur?;^ rubbing it with your Fin- 
 gers where it has been bruifed ; 
 then 2 Days after to anoint the cord 
 Sinews in the Bent of the Leg with 
 2 or 5 ounces of Oil of Szcallows, 
 to give liberty to the Sinews that are 
 frjrunk 5 but of this Oil of Swallows 
 you rauft iay on but an ounce at a 
 time, and at 3 or 4 Days diftance, 
 nor any where elfe but upoa the Si- 
 
 After this Oil is well foaked in, the ■ 
 Horfe may be ridden or work'd. 
 
 But if at the fame time that the 
 Bone-Spavin comes, there come alfo 
 Blood Bags, then it may by no 
 means be feared with a hot Iron ; 
 but then you muft lay on the 
 Charge of Soap and Brandy hot, and 
 dry it well in with a hot Iron, 
 Others dire£t:, firft to fhave away 
 the Hair, then to rub the Part with 
 a round fmooth Stick j then having 
 fpread on a piece of thick Leather 
 (having a Hole cut in the middle of 
 it for the Humour to come thro*) 
 common or Burgundy Pitch and Ro- 
 Jifiy to lay it over the refl of the 
 Hough to guard it ; then to apply 
 the following Ointment to the Tu- 
 mour. 
 
 ' Take Brimjlone and Qt4ic\^ 
 
 * JUver of each one ounce, rub 
 
 * them in a Mortar till they are 
 
 * reduc'd to a black Powder ; 
 
 * then mix with them (either in 
 ' a Mortar or on a Marble) Spaniflt 
 ' Flies and Euphorbium of each 5 
 ' Drams, the Apojlles Ointment 2 
 ' ounces, and corrofive Sublimate 
 ' one Dram. 
 
 This Ointment is to be laid upon 
 the Tumour over the Plafter of 
 Pitch and Rofin, and guarded either 
 with a Pledget of clean Hurds, co- 
 vered with a Bandage round the 
 Hough, or another fticking Piafter 
 over all. 
 
 The Operation of this Ointment 
 will be thus. Firfl, it will draw out 
 a thin Water, but after it has been 
 applied 2 or 3 Days, it will form a 
 Scar, which is to be fcarified with a 
 Fleam or Lancet ^ and the Applica- 
 tion is to be repeated every other 
 Day, till the bony Excrefcence be- 
 comes either loofe, or the Subftance 
 of it difTolvM : And when it is ta- 
 ken away, drefs the Ulcer with Ho- 
 
S P 
 
 ( 401 ) 
 
 S P 
 
 my of Rofes and TinHure of M'^rrh 
 made WArm, and Ileal it with Ba-ili^ 
 con m:x'd with Turpentine^ Sec, 
 BLOOD-SPAVIN-. 
 
 This is a ioh round Swelling on 
 the infide of the hinder Hoi]^h, or 
 on the very Huckle of the Hou^h: 
 they are foft and very fore. 
 
 The Method of Cure is, firfl: to 
 bind up the Vein above, and to let 
 it blood only from below : then to 
 (ie it fift with 2 Shoemaker's Ends 
 on both fides, and to flit the Vein 
 in two pieces, and to apply to the 
 Swelling on'y Linfted bruis'd in a 
 Mortar, mix'd with Cow-dung, heat- 
 ed in a Fryiniipan. 
 
 If it breaks and runs, it is to be 
 healed with a Platkr of Phch, and 
 the Horfe will never more be trou- 
 bled with the Spavin : But if the 
 Swelling came by a Strain br Bruife, 
 then anoint the Sore with Paich- 
 greafe melted, drying it in with a 
 hoc Iron; then wrap a linen Cloth 
 
 about 
 
 and it will afl^vacre al 
 
 Swellings whatfoever. 
 
 Put the Noofe or Head-ftall of a 
 ftrong Halter about the Neck of 
 the Horfe, clofe to his Shoulders, 
 and put the other end of the Halter 
 about the Pjftern of the After-foot 
 from the Ground, which the BLood- 
 Spavm is not upon, and draw it 
 Wifh the Halter trom the Ground, 
 and tie it to the Head-ftall of the 
 Halter, fo that he cannot fet it 
 down ; when you have done this, 
 you may take up the Vein, and 
 fear him as he (lands. 
 
 But the beft way will be to cnft 
 him, and to tie his other three Lei^s, 
 but to let the fpavined Leg be at 
 Liberty ; then firft draw the Skin 
 crofs with your Fingers on one fide 
 of the Vein in the fmall of the 
 Ham, in the in fide his Leg, before 
 you take up the Vein, half a Foot 
 above the spavin Piace, and rut a 
 Hole in the Skin down his Le^ an 
 
 Inch and a half loner, fn that part of 
 the Skin that wtil be nghc over 
 the yein; then let go the Cut 
 and the Skin will lie over the 
 Vein. When you have done this 
 chnfe or (ret the thin Skin or F,lni 
 m p eccs with the Point of your 
 Corne:-horn length- ways, as ' the 
 Wound is cut, fo tnar you can fee 
 the Vein lie blue ; then by decrees 
 run the Point of your Cornet-horn 
 between the Vein and the Skin and 
 raile the Vem above the Skin,' and 
 then put 2 fiiort Shoemaker's Ends 
 between the Vein and the Fjeflj, a 
 httle d:(lant the one trom the other 
 in order to tie or take up the Vein' 
 when it has done bleeding, bur no: 
 before , then iJit a Hoie m the Veiii 
 len^th.ways with a Penknife j but 
 by no means crofs the Vein left 
 you lliould cut the Vein in pi'eces. 
 The Vein mull be opened as it h'es 
 upon the Horn, and when n hath 
 bled enough, tne two Ends that 
 you put under it before, muft be 
 tied pretty hard, one above the Slit 
 of tne Vem, and the odier below 
 the Silt of the Vein, pretty ju(^, 
 and leave the end of ihe Band hano- 
 ing without the Skin the ien^^th Sf 
 an Inch, to keep the Hole open 
 that the Matter may ifc out at k* 
 and that the Skm may not heal up' 
 before the w-^xed Tineads h'.ve 
 eaten the Vein in pieces, which they 
 Will do wuhin a Week. 
 
 VVnen you have thus tied up the 
 Vein, put a linle piece of Buiter 
 and Suit mix'd together into the 
 Hole or Wound to heal it uo. 
 
 Then it you have performed the 
 Operation lland.n^', before you let 
 down his Leg, or'if you have done 
 It lying, take a Nail^lod, and 
 make it with a thick Ed^e, bendinT 
 or hooked backward , heat it hot* 
 and in me Bent of the Leg make 
 one long Streak downwards, and 
 fear it between the Sinsws till the 
 Dd ihia 
 
S P 
 
 ( 40 
 
 
 
 tV.tn look ye'low. Mal<re the 
 SeArii-.g iKus in the Bent of 
 the Leg. bcliflpT rhe S'n<?WS, 
 bur noi upon tie Sii.evvs, 
 and then you ivu[\ Clav him 
 both on the in(ide and the 
 on (lie of the Knee, where 
 the Swelling appears, with 
 one L'ne and two Crofles ; 
 crofsit ihus : 
 When you h.we feared it thus, 
 you muft apply this Chai-g". 
 
 * Take a quTter of a P'nt of 
 * Brandy or Aqua 1 it a, and boi! 
 in it a pennyworth of Cmwn 
 Soap, till they become a white 
 Salve, then with a flat Stick lay it 
 over the Swelling ns hot as you 
 can, and heat it well in with an 
 Iron Bar. It will be fufficient to 
 lav the Ch.>rL:e on but once. Let 
 it lie on for a Week, and then 
 ride the Horfe, n'rho he hah?, 
 but you muft rida him but mode- 
 rately, then with your Hand rub 
 an ounce of Oil d Szvallozvs well 
 in upon the Sinews of the Bent of 
 
 his Leg, to reach and J^ive them 
 
 liberty. Do this for every 4 or 5 
 * Davs, and it will compleat the 
 « Cure in 4 or 5 Dreflings.* 
 
 When at any time the Horfe 
 comes f om Work or Ridin,^, take 
 care that his Le^s be w-ifli'd, and 
 when they are dry, rub this Oil on 
 thelienc ot his Leg, and upon his 
 Sinews; but then you need not dry 
 it in with an hot Iron, it will be fuffi- 
 cient to rub it in well with the Palm 
 o*^ your Hand, and the Blood-Spavin 
 will noc be feen in a Fortnight's 
 time, and the Swelling will be quite 
 gone. 
 
 If a Biood-Spavin be taken on the 
 firft coming out on a young Horfe, 
 thin you fhouid fire it but lij^htly, 
 and apply the before- mention'd 
 \ Charge to it, and it will be com- 
 pleatly cured in nne Drellin^, 
 
 Defcription. The Blood Spavin is a 
 
 2 ) S P 
 
 foit Swe'ling T^hlch grows thro* the 
 Hough, and is commonly full of 
 B'oodj ?nd is biggell upon the in- 
 (jde •, and being fed by the Mafti:r- 
 Vein, makes it greater than the 
 Swelling on rhe outiTile: It runneth 
 down the infide of the HcUj^h down 
 the Leg to the Paftern. 
 
 This Dfeafe is occalicned by the 
 Conuptlon of the Blood, taken by 
 hard Riding when the Horfe is 
 youn^ and tender, which by over- 
 much heating, makes it (o thin and 
 flexible, that the Humour falls down 
 and refides in the Hough ^ which 
 makes the Joint ftiff, and caufes the 
 Horfe ro go w4th great Pain 
 ani DiflScu'ty : the Part growing 
 hard, makes it more eafy to cure 
 than the Bone. Spavin, See SPA- 
 VIN. 
 
 The Blood-Spavin is a Dilitation 
 and Swelling of the Mafter-Vein 
 on the infiJe of the Hough ; and 
 Monfieur Soileyfell compares if right- 
 ly to the Varix in M n. The Cure 
 may be perform'd by taking up that 
 part of the Vein that forms the Tu- 
 mour, and healing the Wounds 
 with proper Digeftives, and good 
 Bandage ; an-! fome are of Op'nion, 
 th-n it is fuaicient to tie a Ligature 
 about the Swelling, then to make 
 an Aperture in the V^ein, and then 
 to unbind •:he Ligaiure, and to ap- 
 ply a reftringent Charge of the 
 Whites of Eg^^, Bole and Vinegar, 
 with a firm Bandage ; but this is not 
 fo certain, efpecially when the Spa- 
 vin is formed under the great Joint 
 of the Hough, and when the Vein 
 takes a winding Turn round it : for 
 in this cafe it will be apt to grow 
 again as foon as the Bandage is 
 taken away ; but a cold Charge is 
 neceflary all round the Jo-'nt, when 
 the Ve:n is taken up, to prevent 
 the Swelling that muft follow upon 
 the Operation. 
 
S P (40 
 
 A Remedy, 
 < Take up the Veins that feed it 
 < bot 1 above an.-i b-eio-.v, after th^t 
 ' give it the F.re, anJ charge the 
 
 * Part with hot Pitchy and clap 
 
 * ¥Uk upon it , then 4 Days after 
 
 * app y to the SoxzOA of Po^uleon 
 ' aaJ Frtfl) Bntter, meiicd together 
 
 * over a Lcntie tire, and when the 
 
 * Scar is fallen off, apply to it a 
 
 * Blanco or White ^ made of Jejfoe j 
 
 * and continue this Application till 
 
 * the is whole. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * M.ike a Slit with a Knife the 
 
 * length of a Barley-corn, or fome- 
 ' thin'^ longer, upon the top of the 
 
 * Excvefcence , then raife the Skin 
 
 * from the Bone with a fine Cornet, 
 ' and make it hollow round the Ex- 
 
 * crefcence, and no farther 5 th%n 
 
 * thruft into the Hole fome Linr, 
 
 * dipt in the Oil of Oriianum^ and 
 
 * cover the Kmh^ and let it lie on 
 
 * till it rots, and Nature cafts out 
 
 * bo:h the Medicine and Core. 
 
 Another, 
 ' Cleanfe a piece of Elecampane 
 
 * Root very weil, then wrap it up 
 
 * in a Paper and road it ; rub the 
 « Spaiin, and chafe it well, then 
 
 * b'nd on the Elecampane hot anc 
 
 * hard ; but not fo hot as to fcald 
 ' off the Hair^ and at twice dref- 
 
 * fing it will take it away. 
 
 To abate the Pain of the Bone- 
 Spavin, 
 « Mix O.l of Camomile and Oil 
 
 * of Turpentine toi^ether, a penny- 
 ' worth of eaA ; fhaking i: in a 
 
 * glafs Vial, and anoint the Part 
 
 * aggrieved. 
 
 Or thus, 
 
 * Boil an ounce of Peeper pow- 
 ' der'd, and an ounce of Roch At' 
 
 * lum^ in a Pint of Annifeed-v.'ater, 
 
 * till one half is wafted *, ftrain it 
 
 * and put it in a Glaf?, and waih the 
 
 * Part with this once or twice a Day. 
 
 3 ) s p 
 
 Another Method of C-:ri, 
 
 * Take the Oinimcriti of Mnrff}" 
 ' Mallows, Matiatur/} and A'rip- 
 ' pa, of each a quarter of a pound, 
 ' of Oil of Flower- di-l:tce 2 ounces 
 
 ' Oil of Earth-zvorjns, the Seeds of 
 
 * Dwarf Elder ^ of each 6 ounces ; 
 ' mix them together, warm rhem, 
 ' and apply them by way of Piafter 
 ' to the Spavin. Do this for 8 oc 
 ' 10 Days ; if you find no Amend- 
 ' ment, fhaveoff the Hair, and lay 
 
 * on the following Piafter, 
 
 * Take Diachylon with the Gums 
 ' one ounce, Ammoniacum Bdel- 
 ' li^w, Cin7,abar, and Op.por.ax, of 
 ' each 3 quarters of an ounce, of 
 ' Tiirpentim and Od of piksy of 
 ' each half an ounce, and a fuffi- 
 
 * cient quantity of new Wax ; let 
 ' the Gums be macerated mVinegar^ 
 ' and boil them over a gent'e Fire, 
 ' ftram them thro* a linen Ciotb, 
 ' and then add the reft of the In^'re- 
 
 * dients, an! make a Plaifter, lay 
 ' it on the Part letting it l:e 5 or 
 ' 6 D-iys, and then give ti^e Fire. 
 
 Alfo at the fame time fear the 
 Vein above and under the Thigh, 
 and draw a Line along it from the 
 Part where it is feared or barr'd 
 above, to that where it is barr'd 
 below, 6 Inches under the Hough ; 
 becaufe if this great Vein be not 
 ftopp'd, it will continually feed the 
 Tumour. 
 
 BLOOD. 
 
 Mr. E, R. fays a Horfe after 
 Travel, hath ever more Blood 
 than any Beaft vvh^Hfoeve--, and 
 therefore it is good to w\e Blood 
 from him, to prevent the Yellows, 
 or other Dsfeafes that may follow. 
 
 That Blood doth ever produce 
 white and thick Matter j Choler, a 
 warerlfti and thin Matter, but not 
 much ; fait Phlegm, great Abun- 
 dance of Matter ; and Melancholy, 
 many dry Scabs. 
 
 D d 2 That 
 
( 4^4 ) 
 
 S P 
 
 That you Oiould never !er Blood, 
 except it be cirher to divert Sicknef^, 
 and preferve Hea'th^ or to refrefli 
 and cool the B'ood, or elfe to di- 
 niinifli the Blood, or to purge bad 
 Humours. 
 
 S P A Y I N G. 
 
 Some fay if you fpay a Mare Colt 
 9 Days after fne has been foaled, 
 file will prove fair, gallant, and 
 well. 
 
 SPEAR. 
 
 The Feather of a Horfe, that is 
 cali'd the S/rolie of the Spear, is a 
 Mcirk in the Neck or near the Shoul- 
 der of roni2 Barlis, Turkey and 
 Spanijh Horfes, like the Blow or 
 Cut of a Spear in ihofe place?, ha- 
 ving as it were fome appe^r.ince oF 
 a Scar: This Feather is an infallible 
 Sign of a g;ood H rfe. 
 
 SPEAR-FOOT. 
 
 The Spiar-hcct of a Horfe is the 
 far Foot behind. 
 
 SPEAR-HAND. 
 
 The Spear- Hand is the Hoife- 
 llian's ric.ht Hand. 
 
 S P E C I F I C K. 
 
 Specifick Medicines, th"s is a Term 
 made ufe of to fijch Medicines 
 whofe Operat'ons cannot be ac- 
 counted for, but are of certain Ef- 
 ficacy. 
 
 SPEEDWELL. 
 
 The Herb Steedu-eU, otherwife 
 cali'd S:, Faiii's Betony, is a clean- 
 fing vulnerary Herb, and much ac- 
 counted of as to Obftruftions in the 
 Lungs ; and Solleyfell accounts it a 
 good Fehrifii'^e. 
 
 SPERMA^CETI, or P A R- 
 MASITTY, 
 
 Is an Oil which comes from the 
 Head of a certain Whale, and by 
 fome peculiar Management that is in 
 the Knowledge of fom.e few Per- 
 fons, it is brought to fhcot out into 
 F'akes, not n uch unhke the Crv- 
 fta!h2<nion of Salts, and to look 
 Very whiie. 
 
 SPERMATiCK PARTS. 
 
 The Spern.at'ick Parts are thole 
 whereby the Seed is prepared. 
 SPINE. 
 
 The Spine is the Back-bone, 
 SPLEEN-WORT. 
 
 Spleen-wort, tho this Herb has 
 been reckon'd a powerful Cleanfer 
 of the Spleen, and therefore re- 
 commended for Horfes in thofe 
 Cafes, and thofe of a heavy and 
 dull Difpofition ; yet the chief of 
 its Virtues confill in binding and 
 ftrengthning. 
 
 S P L E N T S. 
 
 A Spler.t is a callous hard Sub- 
 ftance, or an infenfible Swelling, 
 which breeds on or adheres to the 
 Shank-bone, and when ir grows 
 big, fpoils the Shape of the Leg. 
 When there is but one, it is cali'd a 
 fmgle Spient ; but when there is ano- 
 ther oppoflte to it on the out-fide of 
 the Shank-bone, it is cali'd ^pegg'dy 
 or pinnd Splera. 
 
 The Caufe. Sometimes it may be 
 caus'd by a Blow or Hurt on the 
 Shank-bone, which injures the Pc 
 riojieiim or Skin that furrounds the 
 Shank-bone ; and the Humours ga- 
 thering in that Part, form an Excref- 
 cence. It may alfo be caufed by a 
 Horfe beins; over-ridden or hard- 
 
 work'd when he 
 
 yoi 
 
 before 
 
 and his 
 
 folid enough to 
 
 ues of Travelling ; for 
 
 his Legs are ftrong enough 
 Bones are become 
 bear the Fati 
 
 that Part being drained, is render'd 
 fubje£l to Defluxions, and if the 
 Humour fi-p between the Bone and 
 iis Membrane, it breeds a hard 
 Lump, and by decrees increafes and 
 draws its Nourifliment from the 
 Bone. 
 
 If the Shank-bone of a young 
 Horfe be examined after the Fle/h 
 is clean fcr^ped off, there may be 
 feen two Appendages grooving to 
 the Shank-bone (but in old Horfes 
 i( is oftentimes worn our, except in 
 2 ihe 
 
S P 
 
 ( 405 ) 
 
 S P 
 
 he midd'e.) Thefe Appendages are 
 in fhjpe 1 ke a Bodkin, broader at 
 the top, and narrower a- the bot- 
 tom, being joined to the Shank by 
 Appofnion, and fanned by a gum- 
 my Matter like G'ew. 
 
 This being obferv'd, it will be 
 cafily underftood, that if a young 
 Horfe be prefs'd with any extraordi- 
 nary Weight towards his Shou'ders, 
 before thefe Bones are firmly uni ed 
 and cemented together; and efpe- 
 ciaMy when i:e goes down Hill hea- 
 vy loa.^ed, the Load bearing hmd 
 upon his Fore-legs, caufes thefe bo- 
 ny Appendages to give way, and be- 
 come diftorted ; and notwithftandin^ 
 the Horfe doth not grow lame imme- 
 diately, yet it caufes a Redundancy 
 of this glewy Matter, and that 
 ouzes from between the Bones on 
 the indde of the fliank, and is 
 fbrm'd into a SpUnt. 
 
 And when this D;ftortion is vio- 
 lent, and where the Horfe \s of a 
 delicate and tender Make, the Af- 
 flux of the Matter will be the 
 greater, and (o will ouze thro' 
 the oppofiie alfo, and become a 
 pegg'd and thorough Solent, appear- 
 ing as if a Wedge were ftiuck quite 
 thorough the Bone. 
 
 The Cure, ' Wafh the place, and 
 
 * fhave away the Hair ; knock and 
 
 * rub it with the Blood-ftdfF, then 
 ' prick it with the Fleam j then ha- 
 
 * ving S^.U and Vervain, of each a 
 ' handiul, pounded together to an 
 ? O ntmenr, apply it to the Parr, 
 ^ and bind it up with a Roller, 
 
 * ftden it, and let it ren-iain 24. 
 ' Hours, and then unbind it, and 
 
 * it is cured. 
 
 Another. 
 * t)ip a Siick or Feather into Oil 
 
 * of Vitriol, and touch the SjAent 
 
 * with it, and it will eat it away. 
 ' If you perceive it eat too much, 
 
 * bathe it with cold Water, and that 
 
 * will ilop iij ot boil fome ^reen 
 
 ^ Copperas in Water, and wafli the 
 ' Sore with ir, and it will both 
 
 * cleanfe the Sore from any part 
 ' of the remaining SA^nt, arid alfa 
 ' heal it. 
 
 Another, 
 ' Boil an ounce of Nerve Oil, and 
 ' as much Canthavides as will lie 
 « upon a Sxpence, in as much of 
 < the Od of Viptn, \n them boil 
 ' but gently ; anoint the S:/^«f with 
 
 * this, ciofs the Ha'r, and dry it in 
 ^ with a hot Iron •, tie the Hoi f;:'s 
 ' Head up to the Rack for 24. 
 ' Hours, and fqueeze out the Cor- 
 
 * ruption. Repeat this the fecond 
 
 * or third time. 
 
 Another Mihcd of Cure, 
 If a young Horfe has a Splent, 
 and it is not of a lon^ (landing, 
 you may attempt to dilTolve it v»-ith 
 the Mercurial Plafter fpread on 
 Leather, and continued on a long 
 time ; as <:;ft-:n as a fiefh Plaftcr is 
 put on, it muft be fhavcd. 
 
 But if it will not be taken away 
 without being brought 'to a Sitt'pu- 
 rati on, then after you have rubbed 
 it foundly with the Hani'? of a 
 Hammer, and bruifed th- Subftance 
 (o as it may be brou:^'n 10 im.poft- 
 humate, by the App'ica ion of the 
 muci age Ph^f^er, or a P.;u'tice mac'e 
 of the Roots of Marjh-Mallcu's^ 
 Fennu^reek^ and Li>fte'i Fcvjder, 
 Bean-Flower^ and the Ik*, with 
 a good qunn.ity of Otniment of 
 Marfh-Ma lows, you m-'y difcharge 
 the Ma ler as a comn on Boil or 
 Impof^hume, by mak'ng a ftr.iir In- 
 cifion upon n fr m be'ow upv^ards. 
 If you would cure ir wi:h more 
 Ex'ped t'on, then you may\ apply 
 the cauft'ck Oin:menf diietfbed in 
 the B'^ne S/avin, wh'ch fee \ but it 
 muft not remain longer than till 
 the Efcar is formed. 
 
 An other. 
 * Shave off the Hair, knock the 
 * S^lenty and rub and foften ir, 
 D d 3 ihen 
 
S P 
 
 ( 406 ) 
 
 S P 
 
 anotnLT 
 time being 
 to another 
 
 tben lay a piece of the Rind of 
 Bacon that is not very hz on the 
 Splent, with the f<it (Ide outwards; 
 when yoj have (o done, apply a 
 flir Cautery or red hot Iron about 
 the bignefs of a ShiU!n;7, hold 
 that to the Sk'n, 
 Iron in the mean 
 heating, apply that 
 part of the Skn over the SpJent, 
 Do after thi: manner till the 
 Swelling is diffolv'd, then lay a 
 Pbfter on the Sore, and Shavings 
 of Cloth over that, and take care 
 ' that the Horfe do not come at it 
 ^ with his Teeth. 
 
 After a S/le>7t has been remov'd, 
 a firm B ndage ought to be kept 
 over the Part for fome time, to 
 prevent iis return j for if the Parts 
 be not kept very cicfe, the fame 
 Matter that csufed ir at firft, may 
 be apt to caufe it again. 
 
 When it h.. opens fo that the 
 Bone is laid oare, ir is to be treat- 
 ed as is direfted for the Cure of 
 Wouncj.;. 
 
 If J very 01 
 (Sr '?«■/, there is 
 
 nisiJng a Cure; fr.- the Ma.t r is 
 often become 'o hard, that it can- 
 not be in:jde to yield by any Me- 
 thods but what are very hazardous. 
 
 Again, when the Diieafe is in the 
 Bone, it is inrurab'e. And this is 
 fometimes taken to be a Splent, yet 
 it is lor the id oft part a Miftake, be- 
 ing only vvhat proceeds from a 
 Caries or an Ulcer in the Boni ; 
 which hav'ng been healed, in time 
 grows to a hard flinty Subftance : 
 \vhich may be diftingu fh'd by its 
 buiicliing cut and unevennefs. 
 Another, 
 This following Medicine is not 
 to be apply 'd to a Splsnt that has 
 been meddled with before, where 
 the Hair is come off and the Skin 
 very thin, and the Swelling ftill re- 
 iiai'ns j for the Medicine is too 
 
 \ Horfe has rot a 
 no great H'pe of 
 
 ftrong, and will foon eat the Skin 
 in piece?. But if it has not been 
 medaled with before, be ii fmall or 
 great, it will cure ir. j 
 
 ' Take half a quarter of an ounce | 
 of Cantharldes finely powdti d, 
 
 mix them with Nerve Oil the 
 quantity of a Walnut, pound them 
 well together, and fp^cid them on 
 a piece of Leather as broad again 
 as will cover the Sple?zt ; bind it 
 on it with Tape, let it lie 8 or 10 
 Hours, then take it off, and ftroke 
 down the Part with 5 our F'n2ers 
 twice or three times a Day till you 
 perceive it is quite fal'en : for 
 you will fee it fweat out Drops of 
 
 * Water as you fq-iC' ze t with your 
 ' F.ngers and Thutnb, for the Mc». 
 ' dicine will have d,flolv*d the 
 
 * S'lenr into a Water. 
 
 it it be a fmali S lent, hying 
 this Plaifter on once will be fufH- 
 cient } but if ii be l.^rgp, ir may re- 
 quire i' to be done twice : This wilL 
 not diminifti a Htir. but fink it flar. 
 The Ho:(e muft be kept in the 
 Houfe Houfe all the time of Cure, 
 When the Medicine is taken off, 
 flie Horfe Diay be nd. You muft 
 not make more of this Medicine 
 at at a time than you ufe, for it will 
 not krep. 
 
 FOP. A THROUGH SPLENT 
 ON BOTH SIDES THE LEG. 
 
 Some call this the great £one- 
 Scrupw. 
 
 Tie the Horfe's Head to a ftrong 
 Poft, and tie up tne contrary Leg, 
 or c:.ft him witti a Rope; then b<wt 
 and bruife the Splent on both fides 
 with a B!ood ft'.ck till it is pretty 
 foft •, then rub a Shilling's-worth of 
 Oil of Riggrum on both fides the 
 Splent with your Fingers, but do 
 not rub it beyond the Splent. Tie 
 up the Horfe's Head and his con- 
 trary Leg for 3 Hours, for it will 
 fmart very much. This Medicine 
 will take off the Hair a iitile, but it 
 
 will 
 
S T 
 
 ( 407 ) 
 
 S T 
 
 V i ! foon come on aga'n of ihe 
 » iv.e colour. 
 
 V. tiie spUm be n'Ver fo l^rge^ 
 ,: or tiuies drefling will fetch it 
 c. un, fo that it will be qu: e fallen 
 in a We-rk'stime ; but one will 
 ferve fvT a fma!! one. You may 
 turn the H rfe out if you will. 
 S ? a N G E. 
 
 The Spunge of a Horfefhae Is the 
 ExieTiity or Point of the Shoe chat 
 anfwers to the Heel of the Horfe, 
 upon which the Ca'kins are made. 
 SPUR-GALLING. 
 
 Wafti the place daily with Urine 
 and Salt^ or Water and Salt^ or 
 with warm Vinegar^ or ftamp the 
 Crops of Leaves of Nettles, and 
 bind to the place : Sfirit of H'me is 
 alfo very good. See Galling, 
 S CLU A R E. 
 
 To work in a Square. The Vi(\e 
 or Tread of a Voir, inftead of be- 
 ing circular, and tracM upon a Cir- 
 cumference round a Center, is fome- 
 times ufed in. a Square ; the four 
 fides equally remov'd from the 
 Center or Pillar which reprefents it 
 in the middle of the Manage- 
 Ground : fo that to work in a 
 Square, is to ride along each of 
 thefe four fides, turning the Hand 
 at every Corner, and fo palling 
 from one fide to another, 
 SQ^U ILLS. 
 
 Squills, otherwife call'd Ssa- 
 Onionsy are very deterfive and 
 cleanfing, and being infufcd in Vine- 
 gar, are very good for Horfes that 
 are purfive, or fhort winded, for 
 they cut the tou^h Fie:m. 
 SciulNSEY. See STRANG- 
 L I N G, <L7c, 
 STALING. 
 To make a Horfe dale, 
 
 * Take keen Radijl) Roots, wafh 
 < them, flit them, bruife them, and 
 ' put as many as will fiil a two- 
 \ quart Pan, having a good quan- 
 
 * tJty of flrong Ale already in if ; 
 « let the Veflel be clofe ftoppM, 
 ' and ftand to fteep 24 Hours, 
 
 * then ftrain out the A'e, fqueez- 
 « ing the R.oois pretty hard, and 
 ' give the L quor to the Horfe ro 
 ' drink fafting; then ride h.m up 
 
 * and down a little, and fet him up 
 ' warm. Repeat this for two or 
 ' three Mornings. 
 
 Aaoiher, 
 
 * Take Broom-fe«;i^ Grom-JoeU 
 
 * ftedy ParjU-^ fcedy and the Powder 
 ' of the Rjot of Horfe-rad jhy well 
 ' dry'd ^ reduce thefe all into a fine 
 ' Powder, and give the H^rfe a 
 ' Spoonful in a Pint of Wban' 
 
 * Wine and a Pint of Ale. 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Tdke Burnet, Dill, Annifeeds, 
 
 * and Smallage, of each equal qnan- 
 
 * titles, dry them wtP, reduce 
 
 * them to Powder, and give the 
 ' Horfe a Spoonful in eiiher a 
 ' pint of White-zvtne or a quart of 
 
 * Ale. 
 
 Another, 
 ' Take the Seeds of Burdock, 
 « Fennely Nettle', Par/ley^ 2nd Ivy- 
 
 * berries, thorough rip?, of each 
 
 < half an ounce ; put them to fieep 
 « in a pint of Whiie-wine and a 
 « quarter of a pint of Ale, and 
 
 < give it the Horfe fjn:ing. Repeat 
 ' it for 2 or 3 Mornings together, 
 
 < and exeicife him afer it. 
 
 Artoth r. 
 « DifTolve as much CaTile-Soap as 
 
 < a large Walnut in a quart of 
 
 < warm Beer, put in alfo fome 
 
 * Parjlyped bruifed, give it the 
 « Horfe in the Morning fafting, 
 « ride him moderately, and fet him 
 ' up warm. 
 
 Another, 
 • Bruife Burdock-feeds, give the 
 * Horle 3 or 4 fpoonfuls of them m a 
 
 < quart of Beer boil'd, put a piece of 
 
 < Batter to it as it is cooling, and 
 
 D d 4 < give 
 
S T 
 
 ( 4°8 ) 
 
 S T 
 
 * give ir the Horfe luke-warm. 
 
 * Gtrlick is very good to |M-ovoke 
 
 * a n.:>rre ro Qale, 
 STALING BLOOD. See 
 
 BLOOD and P I S S i N G. 
 
 Stallion, 
 
 A Stallion Is a Stone-Horfe fhut 
 up with Stud Marcos for making a 
 Breed or Rdce of Horfes, 
 
 A5ri?//;o??, f me fay, ought not to 
 be younger than 4 Years when he 
 covers a Mare,cind he will beget Colts 
 from that Age to 20 Years old -, but 
 bed from 5 to 12. 
 
 A Staliio'a fhouIJ be of a good 
 lively Nature, and not fubjed to any 
 natural Difeafes. 
 
 A S'.allion (landing at ha "d Meat, 
 will not fad to get a Colt on a Mire 
 going to Grafs ; yet the be ft Diet 
 for him for the whole time he fh.ili 
 cover, V II be Grafs ; and when he 
 has tafted of his Grafs with them, he 
 will like his H.iy the worfe. 
 
 If you cover abroad, one Stallion 
 will ferve 1 2 Mare??, if you require 
 no o;l;er Service from him; but if 
 you keep him in the Stable, where 
 he ha? extraordinary Feeding, he will 
 ferve fifteen. 
 
 He will ferve for ^ or 7 Years, to 
 cover every Year 7 or 8 Mares, and 
 do Service the reft of the Year be- 
 fides, if kept in the Stable; but be- 
 ing turned abour, he will not ("as 
 fome fay) laft above 3 Years, and 
 do no other Service. 
 
 The beft Horfes for Stallions, ei- 
 ther for a Man's own Service, or 
 Divertifement, are good beautiful 
 S'irbs, or Spanifl} Horfes, of a good 
 Colour and well match'J, and fuch 
 as are p,ood nstur'dand tra<n:.ible, for 
 his his Race will refemble him : They 
 can never be too bold and vigorous, 
 for the Colts that they beget v.-ill 
 rather degenerate than improve, 
 'i'hey ought not to have any of the 
 hereditary Imperfedtions (bllowing ; 
 cithu' oi the £;£3, fucb as De- 
 
 fluxion?, Moon-Bllndnefs, &c. or 
 of the Hams, as Spavins, Jardons, 
 Curbs^ Vedi^'nons, e/c. or of the 
 Flank, rts ChLft. foundering, Purfive- 
 nef«, ^-. as to the Feet, either ten- 
 der, of bad Shape^ or Hoof-bound, 
 if they are hereditary, and have not 
 come by Accident. 
 
 The Sbayiijlj Stalliovs bege: Colts 
 of a lefler Size than B.irh(^ and be- 
 fides the Mares do not hold fo well 
 to them as to the Barhs ; for of ten 
 Mjres cover'd by a S^anijl] Korfe, 
 one half of them will not be with 
 Foal. 
 
 A Stallion fhould at lead three 
 Months before the time he is to 
 cover be fed with good Oats, Peas 
 or Beans, or with coarfe Bread, 
 and but little Hay, but a good deal 
 of Wheat-Straw, and be taken out 
 tvv'ce a-day to water ; and after he 
 has drank Vv^ell, fhould be walked up 
 and down for an Hour, without 
 making him fweat, to bring him to 
 a Wind, otherwife he would be fub- 
 )tdi to become purfive or brokea- 
 winded. 
 
 The Stallion and Mare to be co- 
 verM fhould feed both alike. If the 
 Siallion be kept to hard Meat, i. e, 
 with Hay and Oats, the Mare Diould 
 be kept fo too ; if the S allion be at 
 Gra% the Mare fhould be put to 
 Grafs a!fo, otherwife they will not 
 fo readily hold ; whereas on the con- 
 trary, they will not more eafily re- 
 tain. 
 
 Young Bjirbs are not fit to be 
 made ufe of as Siallions, before 
 they be at leaft 6 or 7 Years o'd ; 
 for if they are, they generally der 
 ceive the Mnref. 
 
 To ^ive the Stallion to Mares, or 
 to make a Stallion cover a Mare m 
 hand, is to hold the Stallion by the 
 Halter or Bridle while he covers 
 her. 
 
 The Duke of Newcajlle difap- 
 proYcs of covering Mares in hand 5 
 
 and 
 
ST ( 409 ) ST 
 
 and afferts, that they ou;ht to be ' powder'dj 2 Drams of Ox-Gall, 
 
 left 10 their natural Liberty, atij by 
 fo doing, the Foal will be of belter 
 xMake. 
 
 STAGGERS, or STAVERS. 
 
 The common Defcrip'.ion that is 
 given of the Siaggers is, that it is 
 a Gijainefs in the Head, which, 
 when it fezes the Brain, turns to 
 Madnefs. 
 
 The Ca->fe. It fo me times pro- 
 ceeds from corrupt Blood, or grofs 
 and tou:h Humours thit opprefs the 
 Brain. Mod Horfes are fubjeft to 
 if not taken in 
 
 this Diftemper, 
 
 and 
 time, is very dan:;ero!js. Some- 
 times it comes bv hard Pv^din^ and 
 Labour, which inflames and puni- 
 fies the Blood, and puts ihe wiiole 
 Body into Diforder. Sometimes it 
 is cuifed by turning the Horfe out 
 to Grafs too foon, before he is cold, 
 and by han^in;! down his Head to 
 
 ;ing down his 
 fetd^ which ftirs and thins the Hu 
 
 mours, fo that they fall down to the 
 H?ad, and by degrees feizs the 
 Brain. 
 
 Thu' Skns. The Horfe will be 
 dim-fighr'^d, reel and fta^ger, and 
 by reafon of Angu-fh, vviil bt^ac his 
 Head againft the 'AZall, thruft: it in- 
 to hi« L'trer; his Eyes will look 
 waierifh, and he will forfake his 
 Mear. 
 
 The Cure. Firft let 
 blood, tiien diifolve the 
 a haz^e Nur of fwcet Bniter and 
 fidt in a S-iucer of White Wine 
 Vinegary dip L'nc or fins Fh^x in- 
 to ir, and ftop his Ears with it, and 
 fow them up ; and it having lain 
 there 12 Hours, it will cure him : 
 Or, 
 
 * Stamp Honey and Garlick to^e- 
 ' ther, and do the fame, and it 
 ' will cure, as before : Or, 
 
 the Horfe 
 quantity of 
 
 « Cajhreum^ Grains^ Varmf) and 
 ' Vinegar^ of each 5 Drams ; boil 
 « them altogether till the Vinegar \s 
 ' v.'afted, then drain it, put it into 
 ' the Horfe 's Ears, and ftitch ihem 
 * up, as before direded. 
 
 As to thefe Rtmedies, 2 certain 
 Author fays, that tho they are fome- 
 tirnes efficacious in fimpie an.d com- 
 mon Cafes, yet they cughi to be 
 ufed w'th Caution, m reu.ard they 
 ftimolate the tender and fenHble 
 Membrane which covers tho:e Part.*?, 
 nnj by that means rouze w.e Blood 
 :o a quicker and more biisk Motion ; 
 and ir rhe App'ica^cns prove too 
 ftronj, have niide them run quite 
 mad <o that they coii'd fcarce be 
 p'.even'el from knocking out their 
 Bra-ns againft the Wails; and I'bme- 
 times inftead of giving Relief, that 
 violent Agitation has made the Fits 
 the oftn?r return upon them. 
 hiternal Remedies. 
 
 ^ Firft let the Horfe blood, then 
 ' take the Seeds of Creffes^ Ditl^ 
 ^ Fopjyey^ ParJJey, and S-nalUge, 
 < and alfo Pepper and Siffron^ of 
 ' each 4. Drams j reduce them to a 
 ' fine Powder, and put them inco 
 ' a Gallon of Barley IVater. As 
 ' foon as it is taken boilin:^ from 
 ' the Fire, flraiii it, and give the 
 ' Horfe a quart of it, and fprinkle 
 ' his Hay with it, and the next 
 ' Morning give him anor! er quart 
 ' faflin2 ; let him not drink any 
 
 ' cold Vv'ater, nor any thing but 
 
 * white Water, givinfi him now 
 ^ and then a fweet Mafb for 4 or ^ 
 
 * Days, and it vv^ill efF:d a Cure. 
 
 THE MAD STAGGERS. 
 The Signs, The Hcrfe will wan- 
 der up and down, will have a blue 
 Film over his Eves, look dull and 
 
 *■ Take an ounce and a half of heavy-headed, and have a white 
 ipfuer Almonds, a halfpenny- Foam at his Mouih : This is the 
 
 worth of black Helebore finely 
 
 fame 
 
ST r 4^ 
 
 fame wiih the Epilepfy, or Falling 
 Evil. 
 
 The Cure. Within a Day or 
 two, that you difcover his Illnefs, 
 let the Hoife blood in bo'h iiis 
 Neck Vein% and wuh the Point of 
 a Cornet in the third Furrow of the 
 Palate of his M>'Uth ; and if you 
 alfb run an Aw! into the Grifties of 
 his Nofe, fomething above h'S No- 
 ftril?, it will be he'pful , for the 
 bleeding at the Month and Nofe, 
 Will ^^(^ the Pain in hs Head. 
 
 * Bruife together a handful of 
 
 * Kue, 3 Cloves of Garlicl^, with 2 
 
 * Spoun'uls of Bfandy^ and S:ilt 
 
 * and /'r.^'4r each a Spoonful, put 
 ' one half into one E^r, and the 
 < other ha'f into the other, ftitch 
 
 * them up, or tie them with a 
 ' woollen Lift; then having pound- 
 
 * ed Salks and Peelings of Gariick, 
 f with AL-tjiick or Franklncenfe^ 
 ^ make B'llets about the fize of a 
 
 * Bulfc-r, and burn them on a Cha- 
 
 * fing difli of Coa's, and convey 
 ^ the Fume into his Noftiils with a 
 ' Funnel. Do this 2 or 3 times a 
 « Day. A To give him as much 
 *• red foppey-Sei'd beoten, as will lie 
 ' upon a Sixpence in two Hoinfuls 
 ' of Beer up his Noftrils every 
 ' Morning* 
 
 This will help him to refl-, which 
 wi'I mightily refrcfh hiiv. Let him 
 be kept dark and warm, give him 
 burften Oats and Mr.flies of Malr, 
 and co:d Water to drink, and let 
 what you put into his Ears remain 
 there 24 Hours, then t.ike it out. 
 
 A certain Author fay?;, that the 
 Sia^gers in Horfes, in a!! ineir dif- 
 ferent Appearances, are reducible 
 cither to Vertii/oes or Apoplexies, 
 and proceed from much the fame 
 Diforders. 
 
 The firft is, when a Horfe falls 
 down upon the Road in a very 
 hot Davj or when he falls upon 
 
 o ) ST 
 
 bird Rldin!^, the Head \s affe^Ved 
 a^ter the {du^t manner as '\n an Apo- 
 plexy. 
 
 2. When a Horfe falls down 
 wl-rn he k at Grafs which is com- 
 monly the flirt or fecond Day alter 
 he ha-; been tuin'd ou , that is 
 w^-en the Ho'f 'sHeadis affeft d af- 
 ter the lane manner as n an Apo- 
 p'exy, and proceeds chief!) troin 
 his feeding with his Head to the 
 Ground. 
 
 3. ^y'hen a Horfe falls down in 
 the Stab'e, or when he is nr.v.y 
 brought ou: mto the Liahr, or vv'hen 
 his Exercife is but moderate, it is 
 either a rrue Apoplexy or a Veriigo, 
 or prottabl' bwth, 
 
 if ihe Sia-^ers be of the fift 
 kind, if the Horfe be not weak, 
 take away a P nt of Blood from 
 the Neck, th?n afterward.* from 
 one of the Veins beh'nd t.^ke 
 away a Q^iart : This alone \\\\ 
 cure, if afterwards he have mode- 
 rate cleanfing D et, and be for fl)me 
 time hu'den'd with proper Exe'cife. 
 
 But if the S aigeti be the Refult 
 of a true Apoplexy, give him chew- 
 ing BaUs of jijfu l£tida^ Siv'tn^ 
 and the moft fetid ffinking Things ; 
 for thefe Smells will pu- him upon 
 conftant Aftion, and forward the 
 Mofion of the Blood in the fmall 
 VefTels where it is cbftni^^ed. 
 
 You may alf> give him the fol- 
 lowing Clyfter, which SaileyfelL re- 
 commends 
 
 ' Take 2 ounces of the Sor'tA 
 
 * of i\\t Li'ver o\ Antimony^ reduce 
 « \t to a fine Powder, boil it in. 
 
 * 2 quarts and a p-nt of Beer j and 
 
 * when It has had half a dozen 
 < warms, take it off the Fire, and add 
 « 4 ounce;: of Ufiguentum Kofaium^ 
 
 * ox B ^rinr^ ox Hog^i-Lird^ and in- 
 ' jecl ir iuke-warm. Or this, 
 
 ' Boil two bitter Apples in two 
 « quacLS and s pint of Water, pour 
 
 * out 
 
S T 
 
 (4 
 
 * out the W^tr. and pvn f^ it 3 
 ' ounces of rhe ^<'i:e oi' B <c\ wrn' 
 
 * berries^ ov 4. oi Syrupy a q nrrer 
 ' of a pound of O;/ or Butter. Re- 
 
 * peat this 2 or ? rimes, and after- 
 
 * svards ijive the t<>1j jvv.ng Drench. 
 
 * Take one hi ter Attie^ boil it 
 
 * in a qu;irt of F^^r, ftr^in heDe- 
 
 * cc^ion, let it ft^nd till it is ilmod 
 *■ ccid, put in halt an ounce of 
 *" Pou'der of J-ilap.^ and 2 Drams 
 
 * of DlagridiutTi, You may repeat 
 
 * this 2 or 5 times as the Horfe's 
 
 * Strength is. 
 
 Rub .Tid excrcife him well, and 
 1"* his ^\iter be warm and fpr'nlcled 
 VI' h Oa meal vvhile he is under the 
 Couvfe of Phyfick. 
 
 As to thdt kind of S'/^^^erj which 
 p'-cceeds from a Verfioo, a milder 
 Method if Ci're will be more fuita- 
 b!e. in this cafe give the following 
 Ci}fter. 
 
 ' Boil an ounce of 3'iw.7, and 4 
 ' ounces of common Treac/g in two 
 
 * qiaris and a p nt of Watery and 
 
 * injrd it with the ufual quantity of 
 
 * Oil or Lard. Repeat this for 2 
 'or 3 Days, and give him the 
 
 * Drench following, 
 
 * InfuHs Tops of Rofemary and 
 ' Rue, of each a handful, Ga'engul 
 ' bruifed 2 ounces. A' geUcn Roots 
 ' 4 ounces, the Roots of Af^i/^ 
 
 * peony h If a pound, in S Gallons 
 ' of n^vj TVort • and after it has 
 
 * worVM fufficiendv, give the Horfe 
 
 * 2 qmn^ of it a Day, letting h-'m 
 
 * ft-^nd upon the Bridle an Hour 
 ' be'ore, and a<; long afer. 
 
 But if the Difeafe continues ob- 
 ftinate, and there is danger of a 
 Relapfe, then Recourfe muft be had 
 to thofe M dicnes, which will ef- 
 fe^ually remove the Caufe : For 
 which purpofe the following Balls 
 are proper. 
 
 ' Tdke Ctnnahar^^.ni. the cleaned 
 ^ Ajfa F£!ida, of each a pound, 
 
 * Bay-bernes haif a pound, ot Cajhr 
 
 II ) ST 
 
 ' a quirter of a pound ; reduce 
 
 * .hem infj - fiae Powder, thea 
 < .nake thcu; up into a fliffP.ifte, 
 ' with a« much Oil of Amber added 
 « by deg ees as is fufficient; then 
 ' make it up into Balls, weighing 
 
 * each an ounce and a half, and 
 ' give the Ho;f^ o.ie every Morn- 
 
 * ing in a quirt of the medicated 
 ' Ale, and keep him upon the Bri- 
 ' die, as before direfted. 
 
 The laft prefcribed Remedies are 
 proper not only in thnt kind of 
 Staggers where the Horfe reels and 
 turns round, but alfo in the other 
 when he i ji's of a fudden. 
 
 If the Horfe be of fmall Value, 
 you mav leave out the Caftoreum ; 
 but then the Medicine will not pro- 
 bably have the fame immediate Effi- 
 cacy. 
 
 S TAR. 
 
 To make a white Star in a Horfe $ 
 
 Forehead, or elpwhere. 
 
 Shave off the Hair with a Razor 
 as wide as you would have the Star 
 to be, then dip a Feather or bit of 
 Silk into a little Oil of Vitriol (for 
 it will eat Linen and ^5^ool!en) 
 and ju(t wet the place you have 
 fhaved all over : This will eat away 
 the Roots of theH.iir, and the next 
 Hair that comes in its place v.'ill be 
 white. Once doin^ it with Vitriol 
 will be fufficient. 
 
 To mAke a red Sar, 
 
 Put iS penny-worth of S'lver^ an 
 ounce of Aq^ua fortis^ and half 3 
 quartern of Aqua -vitA into a Glafs, 
 and make them pretty hot, and 
 anoint the part where you would 
 have the Star, and it will prefently 
 change the Hairs to a peifeft red 
 Colour : Rut this will laft no longer 
 than till the fhedding of the Hair, 
 and therefore muft be repeated, if 
 it is to be continued. 
 
 To make a black Star, 
 
 Wafh the part you would have 
 black often with the Roots of Fern 
 
 and 
 
S T 
 
 (_4I2 ) 
 
 S T 
 
 ancJ Sa^e boiled in Lye, and it will 
 turn white H^iiis into black. Or, 
 
 If you anoint the place with 
 S)ot or Shoemaker^s Ink, Galls and 
 Ru/l, beaten together, it will do 
 the Tame. 
 
 STAR OF BETHLEHEM. 
 Star of Bethbhem, the Root 
 roarted, and app!y*d w'rh Wney in 
 the manner of a Pouhicp, heals old 
 eatino Ulcers, and fofteneih and dif- 
 penfeth hard Tumours. 
 
 STARLING. 
 Starlings or Flea-bitten Cchur, 
 is a Colour that fomething refem- 
 bles the brown or black Grey ; but 
 oniv that it is more freckled than 
 they, having a great deal more white, 
 which makes it fo much the livelier : 
 Ir is called the Starimg-Coiour^ be- 
 caufe it refembles the Colour of the 
 BrcAft and Back Feathers of the Bird 
 call'd a Starling, 
 
 STARTING. 
 Geldlrgs are more apt to ftart 
 than Sione-Hor(es, and alfo thofe 
 that have bad Eyes, and thofe that 
 have been long kept in a Sta- 
 ble without airing. Thofe Jiartwg 
 Horfes are apt to take many Ob- 
 \cdis they fee to be othei wife than 
 they are,' and thereupon will ftop 
 and fly out, and ftart fuddenly to 
 one fide, and w-iU not eafily be 
 brought near it. The way to cure 
 them, is not to beat them in their 
 ConHcrnation, but to make them 
 advance gently tov;ards that which 
 fcares them, till they d;fcover what 
 it \i^ and sain AfTurance. 
 " STAY. 
 To ftay the HarJ^ to /lay cr 
 fufia'm the Horp, is to hold the 
 Bridle firm and hi.h. 
 
 STEGNOTICKS. 
 Stegnotkks are the fame as Aftrln- 
 gents. 
 
 STEP AND LEAP. 
 The Air of a Step and Lea^, is 
 
 the high Manage of a Horfe, tfiat 
 marks a Corvct between two Leaps 
 or Caprioles ; whici), upon this Oc- 
 cafion, is cali'd a Leapy in fuch 
 manner that at every Leap or Ca- 
 priole he raifes his Forc-leus^ and his 
 Haunches follow, yerkinj^ or ftnking 
 out his Hind-legs at the end of every 
 Lenp. 
 
 When a Horfe is inclined to this, 
 fort of Manage, he is to be put 
 forwards with the Aidi of the Hand, 
 the Calves of the Leas, the Poirif.n, 
 and the HeA^ which muft be all 
 employ'd dextroufiy to make him 
 lift before and behind, and give him 
 a good A^'pui or Stay. 
 
 Two Steps and a Leap is a Manage 
 or Air, compounded of two Cor- 
 vets ternfiinating in a Capriol. 
 STERNUTATION. 
 
 Sternutanorif or Sneezing, 
 
 IS a 
 
 convulfive Motion or Shaking of the 
 Nerves and Mufcles, firft occafion'd 
 by an Irritation of thofe in No- 
 ft'rils. 
 
 STERNUTATORIES. 
 
 Sternutatories are Medicines which 
 procure Sneezing. 
 
 STICKFAST. See SITFAST. 
 
 HURTS IN THE STIFFLE. 
 
 TheSt'.ffle fome define to be the 
 great Mulcle, or the part of the 
 Hind-leg which advances towards a 
 Horfe's Belly, and is a moft dange- 
 rous Part to receive a Blow on. 
 Others fay the Stiffie Bone is the 
 Knee-pan of a Horfe \ and when 
 a Horfe goes downright lame, he is 
 faid to be fl'iffled. 
 
 The Caufe, This Infirmity comes 
 common-y by a Blow or Strain, by 
 which the Ligaments which cover 
 that Bone are fometimes (o m>uch 
 relax'd, that it becomes loofe, mo- 
 ving upwards, downwards, and fide- 
 ways, by being touch'd wi'h the 
 Hand : But the Bone is not mif- 
 plac'd^ 
 
S T 
 
 (4^3 ) 
 
 S T 
 
 plac'd, as n-any fancy ; for that 
 cannot be, uh'qCs the broad Liga- 
 ments were cur. 
 
 The Signs. The Bone, as fome 
 imagine, will ftick out ; but it is not 
 the Bone, but a Swelling : The 
 Horfe will go lame, anJ not care 
 10 fet his Fooc on the Ground, but 
 enly on the Toe. 
 
 The Cute. App'y fuch things as 
 are proper to flrendthen the Liga- 
 nienis that are relaxed ; and if it be 
 occafioned by a new Strain, ufe 
 Vmeqar, BJe^ &c. and then a 
 Plafter made of Dra<(c7i's Bloody 
 Alyrrh, Olibanum^ Pnch, 6cc. Re- 
 duce the other Ingredients inro 
 Powder, melt the Pitch, and rtir 
 them in it hot, then pour it on :he 
 ftiffled place warm, and lay on it 
 Flocks, c^c. 
 
 Put not the Horfe to any hard 
 Exercife, but let him go to Grafs ; 
 or ii' he be kepr at home, let him be 
 led out for the fpace of an Hour 
 every Day, til! he is able to under- 
 go greater Fari;:ue. 
 
 Thofe that have this Notion that 
 the Stiffie Bone is out of its p'ace, 
 prefcribe the foliOwing Method of 
 Cure, 
 
 Firft fwim the Hor^e for half an 
 Hour, till he fvveat behnd his Ears, 
 by which rime the Bone will come 
 into its p'ace ; when he comes out 
 of the Water, lead him home gent- 
 ly, and fet him up in a warm Sta- 
 ble ; peg him on the contrary Foot 
 behind, all the time he is undercure, 
 wi.i'e he is kept in the Stable. 
 
 As foon as he is dry, apply to the 
 S-.'ffie the Charge of Crown Soap 
 and Brandy hot, and heat it well 
 in wiih a hot Iron. If it fvveil at 
 ill ft, if will foon fill again, and in 
 a fhor: time it will be a complcat 
 Cure: or inftead of the Soap and 
 hrandy^ vou may rub in half an 
 Ounce of lurpsntins, aiid as much 
 
 Strong Beer fliaken together in a 
 Glafs. 
 
 STIRRUP. 
 
 To lofe the Stirrup^ is to let it 
 flip off from the Foot. 
 
 The Stirrup- footy is the near Fore- 
 foot. 
 
 Stirrup-bearer is an End of Lea- 
 ther made faft to the End of the 
 Saddle to trufs up the Stirrups, when 
 the Rider is alighted, and the Horfe 
 is carried into the Stable. 
 
 S T O M A C H I C K. 
 
 Stomachick^s are xVIedicines that 
 are good for the Stomach, 
 STONE. 
 
 The Difeafe call'd the Stone, is 
 an Aggregate of many of the harder 
 P-irts of the Urine, pent up by the 
 Onirnefs of the urinary Duels oi* 
 Pada^es. 
 STONES IN THE BLADDER. 
 
 The Stane in the Bhddtr, is a 
 Difeafe that tho it may fometimes, 
 yet does but feldom happen to Hor- 
 Ces ; but when it does, you may 
 ufe the following Remedy : 
 
 * Make a ftroni Decoclion, that 
 ' is^ boil your fi ft quantity oi Wa- 
 ter to half a pint 3 times over, 
 ' with Ontc?is clean pilled and Far- 
 ' Jley, then put to i <:[j.i\i of it, a 
 large fpoonfli! of London-Treac'e^ 
 
 * and the fime quantity of Powder 
 ' of Eig-fl}dis, finely fearfed. Give 
 ' this the Horfe to drink, when ycu 
 ' perceive him out of order; but i£ 
 
 * the Diforder be great, repeat it ibr 
 ' feveral Mornings. 
 
 ' Put a quart of Ale or Beer, In- 
 ' to a 2 quart Por, and fill up the 
 ' Pot with Radijh'RootSy clean 
 
 * wafh'd and cut in:o fmall Pieces : 
 Stop it up clofe, and let it ftand 
 
 * for 24 Hours ; then ftrain the Lf- 
 ' quor out, prefting the Roots hard, 
 ' and give the Horfe the Liquoir 
 
 * fafting i ride him gently after ir, 
 ' and then fet him up v»arm, cover- 
 ed 
 
ST (4 
 
 « ed and littered. Repeat h for fe- 
 ' vera! Mornings, ani it will make 
 ' him pifs freely. Give him white- 
 
 < Water for his D ink all the Time 
 ' he is under Cure. 
 
 STONECROP. 
 
 Stone-Crop, or fmall Houfeleek, is 
 of a CO. ling Quality, and fomewhat 
 aftringeni ; u ftops Bleeding inward 
 and outWAfd, is good for fretting 
 Sores and Ulcers, and the Futcra, 
 STOP. 
 
 A Stop is a Paufe or Difcontinua- 
 tion of Going. 
 
 Ha'.f a S:op is a Stop not finifh'd 
 by a Pejate'y fo that the Horfe after 
 falcading 5 or 4 Times upon the 
 Haunches, refumes and continues 
 Hs Gallop without making Pefates 
 or Corvets. 
 
 STO RAX. 
 
 There are 2 forts of Storax^ the 
 one caird Liquid Storax, and the o- 
 ther Storax Calamita ; the latter of 
 which is moft in ufe. It is an ex- 
 cellent Balfamick and Peroral ; It 
 is alfo of a moft agreeable and fra- 
 grant Scenr, and being very pene- 
 trative, is ocod in many nervous Dif- 
 orders, and efpecially thofe that af- 
 fed the Head. It is alfo an excel- 
 lent Remedy in confumptive and 
 broken winded Cafes. 
 
 Storax is a fweet Gum,of a warm- 
 ing, and mollifying Quality, and an 
 excellent Perfume for the Head, 
 drawing away ill Humours from 
 thence. 
 
 STRAINS. 
 
 ' Boil a pound o^ MHtton-S-tet^ 
 
 < 1 handfuls of Sheeps-Vung, a pint 
 c o^Wheat-hran^ a handful of chop'd 
 
 < //^7}', and 4 ounces of Sweet-Soap 
 « in a quart of Ale to a Poultice ; 
 
 < and then take it off the Pire, and 
 « add a quartern q^ Brandy, and half 
 « a pint of White-Wine Vinegar ; ap- 
 
 < ply it hot to the Griefs and give 
 
 < the Horfe moderate Exercife.* 
 
 14 ) ST 
 
 FOR AN OLD STRAIN. 
 ' Take Brandy^ Oil of Bay ^ BoU' 
 
 * Armoniark, H ■i-^rea/e, Black- 
 ' Soap, and Oil of Su<ilo'jL's, of 
 
 * each half a pound, boil ihtm toge- 
 
 * ther till the 3: undy is incorporated ; 
 
 * then take Ca'n:7nil:^ ALjVtce, Kue 
 ' and Red'SagCy of each a han^^ful ; 
 « Bay-berrys half a handful 
 ' dry'd and finely powder'd, and 
 ' n.ix'ng them wi h the Ointment 
 ^ make a Salve. Anoint the Part 
 ' agij/iev'd for 9 Days once a day, 
 ' drying it in with a hot Iron, and 
 ' itwi'lcure.' 
 
 TO HELP A NEW STRAIN 
 IN 24 HOURS. 
 ' Take a large handful o*^ Parfleyy 
 ' chop it fmail, and boil it in a 
 ^ quart of Groufids of ylle or Eeer^ 
 ' till it is fof: ; then put in a quar- 
 ' ter of a pound oi/vjcet- B:4tter, ^nd 
 ^ when it is melted take it off the 
 ' Fire, and put in a pint of WraC' 
 
 * Vinegar^ and if it be too thin, 
 
 * thicken it with Wheat-bran^ and 
 ' lay it upon Hurds, and "pply it in 
 ' the manner of a Poultice to the 
 ' Part as hot as it can be borne, re- 
 ' move it once in 1 2 Hours, and 
 
 * let the Horfe have moderate Exer- 
 « cife.' 
 
 You may alfo ufe Markham*s 
 Balm. See Balrr^, 
 
 STRAIT. 
 
 Topart^ orgofirait or right out, 
 is to go upon a Tread traced in a 
 ftrait Line. 
 
 STRANGLES. 
 
 This Difeafe is a Swelling under 
 the Throat of a Horfe between the 
 two Jaw-bones, and it bears a Re- 
 femblance to that which is call'd a 
 Squinfey in a human Body ; but as 
 it is not fo much feated on the Glands 
 as on the Mufcles, it comes the 
 more readily to an Impofthumation. 
 
 The Caufe, Some fay that this 
 is an Inflammation of the Throat, 
 
 pro- 
 
S T 
 
 (4'5 ) 
 
 S T 
 
 proceeding from fome cholerlck or 
 bloody F'uxion, which corn"<; out of 
 th<? Branches oFthe Throat- Veins in- 
 to thofe Parrs, nnd (here breeds 
 fome hot Inilamm^tion ; bein^ ftir- 
 red up bv a hard cold Winter; or 
 by a Cold taken after hard Riding 
 and Labour. 
 
 Ths Sin:, The Horfe's Head 
 and Eyes will fwed, his Temples 
 will be hollow, his Tongue will 
 han^ out of his Maurh, and the ?aC- 
 fage of his Tnruat will fwell, Co that 
 he cannot either eat or drink, and 
 his Breath will be hor. 
 
 The Cure, When the Swelling 
 has a ten l^ncy for^var Is between the 
 Ja vs, fo that there is no danger that 
 the P .(T^i^es of the Turoat will be 
 choaked u^ by it, then endeavour 
 to r pen it, an i brinu, it to a Sup. 
 puration, by ano'ncin^ t .e Parts with 
 Oinirmnt of Mj^P). Mallows, and 
 cover ihem up warm. O." to Oint- 
 ment of Marfh M.iIIows you may 
 add the f-^m- quantity of OJ of Rays, 
 ani as mu-:h Frejh Butter, 
 
 When the Swe'ling is ripe and 
 there is Matter within, (but the Swel- 
 ling does not break, prob.ibiy by 
 re^ifon of the thicknefs of the Sk-n) 
 open h with a Lancet ; but if it djQS 
 not ripen kindly, a hoi Iron will do 
 better ; but whether it be opened by 
 IncifiJn or by the Iron, the Opera- 
 tion muft be perform'd in. the low- 
 ermoft depending Par-, that the Mat- 
 ter may the better run off. 
 
 ' Prefs out the Corruption, dip a 
 
 * Doilil of fine F.'ax into warmed 
 ' Bafi icon : to which if you add 
 ' hall the quantity of Turpentine, 
 ' it will be the better, and put it in- 
 
 * to the Orifice, which fhould not 
 
 * be kept open above 3 or 4 Days, 
 
 * left too great a quintity of Mat- 
 
 * ter deriving upon the Parts, they 
 
 * fhouM ulcerate and turn filtulous.' 
 
 When the Running begnsto icf- 
 fcn, dfp finooth flat Pledgers of Lint 
 inio the before-meniionedOintments, 
 
 and lav them over the Orifice, and a 
 thick Comprefs of foft Canvifs in 
 feveral Doubles above, to fili the 
 vacant Space between the Taws, that 
 the Parts which are divided, may be 
 
 again united. 
 
 If there fhould remain any little 
 hard Lumps after the Sores are heal- 
 ed, you may take them away by the 
 following Plafter : 
 
 ' Take Diachylon and Red-lead 
 ' Plajler, of each 2 ounces j Pitch 
 
 * one ounce, melt them over the 
 ' Fire with Oil or Hogs-Ur-i ; theti 
 
 * ftir in:o the Mixture 3 q.iar(ersor 
 ' an ounce of Bole finely \)o\N'\tv^d. 
 ' If it be too foft to make into a Plaf- 
 
 * ter, add more Diachyln)^ and if 
 
 * too hard, add more Oi!.' 
 
 Spread this on Leather, clip off 
 the Hair, and apply it unJer his 
 Chaps, letting it lie as l.;ng 
 a< it will ftick ~on. This will di{^ 
 fjlve the Har^neiTes. 
 
 Give the Horfe plenty of warm 
 Water, mix'd with Oatmeal ; and 
 as to any Thing elfe, keep him to 
 his ufual Diet. 
 
 Bur if the Horfe be feverifh and 
 forfjkes his Meat, give him a Clyf- 
 lerortwo of Broth, or Marln-Mal- 
 lows, boil'd in Water with a pound 
 of Treacle. 
 
 But if the Swellings (till continue 
 hard, and you perceive but little en- 
 dency to a Suppuntion, you may 
 give him the following Drench : 
 
 ' Tike Galengizl and Gentian' 
 ' Root, of each half an ounce, re- 
 ' du:ed to a fine Powder; Powder 
 ' of Harts-horn burnt 2 dram% 
 
 * Sr.ffron one Scruple, and Cinnamon. 
 
 * and Cljves of each a dram : Give 
 ' the Hoife thefe in a pint of Ale 
 « orM;;k, Water and White- Wine: 
 
 * Exercife him moderately for half 
 
 * an hour; fc;t him up intheSrab'e, 
 
 * and keep him upon the Briile for 
 
 * another ba'f hour, and then give 
 
 * him frelh Hay.' 
 
ST (4 
 
 ir you give the Horfe once or 
 twice a day an ounce of Veyiice-Tvta- 
 c!e, in a little Milk-water or warm 
 Ale, it will be of ufe ; either to bring 
 the Swelling to Maturity, or difpofe 
 the Matter to perfpire. 
 
 If the Swellings break inwardly, 
 wafh the Horfe's Mouth fometimes 
 with Red-Wine, mixed with Honey 
 of Rofes, to keep it clean, and pre- 
 vent Ulcers. 
 
 And if the Sores feem likely to 
 continue, (which will not be except 
 the HoiTe is in a badftate of Health) 
 then wafh his Moudi once or twice 
 a day wi:h 2 ounces of'Sal-Armoni- 
 ack, diflblv'd in a Qi_iart of Water. 
 
 If the Matter digelh well »nd dif- 
 char^es plentifully, there will not be 
 any need for after Helps either of 
 Bleeding or Purging. 
 
 But if by reafun of any Accident 
 in the Cure, or the ill ftate of the 
 Horfc's Health, the Cure fhall not 
 feem to be complear, purge him 
 with the Preparation of Ahes^ for 
 3 or 4 times ; then give him the fol- 
 lowing Balls, if it be a Horfe of 
 fmall Value : 
 
 ' Take Gentian and Galengal 
 
 * finely powdered, of each 12 oun- 
 
 * ces 5 of finely prepared ^;2r/V«c?;z)', 
 ' a pound ; of Ccriander^ Carra- 
 ' zvay-feeds^ and B-ty-herrys in pow- 
 ' der, of each 2 ounces ; of Harts- 
 
 * horn calcin'd, a pound andaquar- 
 
 * ter : Make them into Balls with 
 
 * Gum Arabick^ weighing 2 ounces 
 *■ a piece, and give him one of them 
 
 * every Day for a Month. 
 
 But if the Horfe be of more va- 
 lue, * Take Gentia??, Zedoary and 
 
 * Galengal, of each half a pound ; 
 ' Myrrh 12 ounces, Cinriatnon TlW'^ 
 
 * Nutimgi^ of each an ouiKe •, cal- 
 
 * cin'd Harts-horn a pound ; reduce 
 
 * them into a fine Powder, and 
 ' make them into Balls of 2 ounces, 
 
 * with Gum Arahkl^i and give him 
 
 16 ) 
 
 S T 
 
 ' an ounce a day for fome tirie, and 
 ' they will reftifv his Cond tuiion/ 
 STRANGULLION. STRANGQ- 
 RY, or PAINPiSS. 
 The is any DiiHcnlty of 
 Uiine fjom Vv'hatfoever Caufes, 
 attended with a continual involuntary 
 Dippin:ij or when a Horfe is provo- 
 ked to f^ale often, and voids nothing 
 but a few Drops. 
 
 The Caufe. Sometimes it is cau- 
 k^ by hard Riding or Labour, which 
 heats and makes the Urine fharp % 
 fjmetimes by hot Food and Drink ; 
 fometimes from an Inflammation 
 of the Bladder and Ulcer in the Kid- 
 neys, or a too long Retention of 
 the Urine. 
 
 The Cure. Give the Horfe emol- 
 lient Clyflers made of a Decoftioti 
 of Mallows, Marth Mallows, Ca- 
 momile, Mercury, and fuch like 
 Heib", mix'd with Oils and other 
 flippery Thing?, or Clyflers of fat 
 Broths ; and you may add Treacle 
 or Honey, to the quantity of fix 
 ounces or half a pound, to make 
 them purgative. 
 
 « Bathe the Horfe's Loins with 
 warm Water, then temper Bread 
 and Bay-berries with fweet Butter, 
 and give him 2 or 3 Balls 2 or 3 
 Days one after another : Or give 
 him in the Morning falling, a 
 quart of Mi'.k fweetened with a 
 quarter of a pound of Sugar. Let 
 him not CAt fnarp Meats, as Bran, 
 mow-burnt Hay and the like ; 
 and boil good fiore of Hogs-fen- 
 nel in the Water that he drinks. 
 
 * Beat an ounce of ivy- berries, 
 and an ounce of Parfley-feeds 
 fmall, and put them into a pint of 
 Claret, (you may add fome of a 
 ^■m Stone calcin'd) and give it 
 the Horfe at any time ; or boil 
 good (tore of Hogs-fennel in his 
 Water, as above. Or, 
 
 * Give him for 2 or 3 Days toge- 
 
 ther 
 
ST C 4t7 ) 
 
 ' ther halfan ounce of SalprumlU^ 
 
 * purrifiecl Nitre in his Water, or 
 
 * you may boil 2 ounces of crude- 
 ' Tartar in it. And al fo mix Straw- 
 
 * berry-leavesy Radjfjjes and Tut' 
 
 * nip-topSy among his Provender' 
 It there be occafion to fu^peft an 
 
 Inflammation in the Kidneys, the 
 Bladder, or the urinary PaiTages, af- 
 ter hard Riding, (which if fo wiilbe 
 
 s T 
 
 attended with feverifh Symptoms) 
 then you mull bleed the Horfe in 
 the Neck-vein, and 2,ive him Clyf- 
 lers as often as you find occafion. 
 
 But if there is reafm to fufptifl 
 there is an Ulceration in the Kidneys, 
 you muft m^ke ufe of cleanfingand 
 balfamick Medicines ; of which the 
 following Balls will be very effec- 
 tual : 
 
 * Take clean Antimony finely 
 
 * powdered half a pound, Flour 
 
 * ofBrmJione 3 quarters of a pound; 
 
 * Gum Eenjamm a pound, crude 
 
 * Opium and Tennigreek- feeds ^ of 
 
 * each 2 ounces ; and Sa't of Tar- 
 ' tar a quarter of a pound. Beat 
 ' them in a Mortar, and make them 
 
 * into a Mafs, by adding as much 
 
 * Spirit of Turpentine as will be fuf- 
 
 * ficienr. Make them up into 2 
 
 * ounce Balls, and give the Horfe 
 ' one every Morning an Hour be- 
 
 * fore you water him: or that which 
 ollows : 
 
 * Boil half a pound of r«r/i^»/;«g 
 
 * in Water till it comes to theCon- 
 
 * fiftence of Shoe-makers wax, and 
 ' give the Horfe a Bir the bignefs 
 
 * of a Walnut, dip'd in Oil, or elfe 
 
 * made flippery with Butter j and 
 
 * repeat this for fome time.' 
 
 STRAWBERRY. 
 Strawberr)' Leaves are of a cool- 
 ing and aftrin^ent Quality, and good 
 for all hot Inflammations and Swel- 
 lings, app'v'd outwardly ; and boil- 
 ed in Vinegar^ and given inwardly, 
 cool the Blood and Liver, provoke 
 Crine, and ftay the Bloody-Flax* 
 
 STRENGTHENERS. 
 
 Strengthenen are fuch Things as 
 add to the Bulk and Firmnefs of 
 the Solids, and maintain them in fuch 
 a Condition as to exert themfelves 
 into Adion on all proper Occafions, 
 with the greater Force and V'iuour. 
 This is done 3 feveral ways; either 
 byagglutinatinc, binding and ^iftrin- 
 ging, or drinking up fuperfluous 
 Moifliure, which caufes a Delicacy 
 anJ Relaxa ion of Body. 
 
 TO STRIKE A VEIN. 
 
 To jinke a Vein, is to let Blood. 
 See to bar. 
 
 STRINQ-H ALT. 
 
 The String-halt^ fome define to 
 be a fudden twitching and fnatching 
 up of the hinder Leg much higher 
 than the other ; or as others, an in- 
 voluntary and convulfive Motion of 
 the Mufcles that extend or bend the 
 Hough. Sometimes it is on the m- 
 fide Mufcles, and then the Horfe 
 twitches his Legs up to his Belly ; 
 at other Times it is on the outfide 
 Mufcles, and then the Horfe flrad- 
 dlej, and throws his Legs outwards. 
 
 The Caufe. Some fhy h comes 
 by taking Cold after Riding or hard 
 Labour, efpecially {^ he be wafh'd 
 while he is too hot, which chills his 
 Blood, and llupifies and benumbs 
 his Sinews, io as to take away the 
 Senfe ani Feeling of that Member. 
 Others fay it proceeds from a Strain 
 or Blow. 
 
 The Cure, If a firing Halt be 
 taken in the Beginning, k mav be 
 removed with good Rubbintj, the 
 ufe of Fomentations, and daily Exer- 
 cife, if moderate j but if it be an old 
 Grief, it is rarely attended v/lth Suc- 
 cefs ; but by giving the Fire, abfo* 
 lute Lamenefs may be prevented. 
 
 Take up the Vein in the Thigh, 
 and afterwards anoint all the Le^ and 
 the Thii',h, from the Body down to 
 the Foot with the following Omt- 
 nient : 
 
 E e « Take 
 
ST (41 
 
 ' Take of Nerve'o'il^ Oil of Pe- 
 ' troleum, OH of Worms, Oil of 
 ' Spil^e and Peaft-greafe, of each 2 
 ' ounces; o^ Lcndon-treacle zc[M^x- 
 ' ter of a pound ; of Hogs-greafe 2 
 ' pound ; melt them all together, 
 ' and when it is taken off the Fire, 
 
 * keep it ftirring till it is quite cold ; 
 ' anoint the Member i'ffecled with 
 ' this once a day, rubb'ng and ch.i- 
 
 * fing of it in very well for a long 
 
 * Time together, drying it in with 
 ' a hot Iron. And afterwards vvifpe 
 
 * it with a Thumband of Hay, from 
 ' the Poftern to the Top of the 
 ' Hough. Do this for 10 Days 
 ' fuccelTiveiy.' 
 
 Keep the Horfe warm, litter him 
 well, make the Thumbands fhorter 
 every Day, till you find he ufes 
 both his Legs alike. He muft not 
 for a Month after be ridden fo as to 
 make him fweat ; and when the 
 Weather is warm, turn him out to 
 grafs in a dry Paflure where there is 
 Water ; but he muft be taken in by 
 Bcirtholome'di'tide^ or before the 
 Weather comes in cold, 
 STUB. 
 
 A Stub is a Splinter of frefh cut 
 Underwood, which gets into the Foot 
 of a Horfe as he is running, and 
 piercing the Sole thro' to the (^uick, 
 is moreor lefs danLierou?, as it finks 
 more or iefs ituo the Foot. 
 
 The Cure. ' Wafti the Wound 
 ' with Water and Salt, and when it 
 ^ is dry, having pounded a large 
 ' Onion with a piece of Crown- 
 
 * Soap as big as an Eg^, and a 
 
 * fpoonful of Pepper powdered, till 
 ' it comes to a fort of a Salve j 
 
 * fpread it upon a linen Cloth, and 
 
 * apply it to the Wound, and let it 
 ' lie on 24 Hours. Repeat this 
 ' once every 24 Hours, till \t be- 
 ' gins to heal, and then drefs it but 
 ' once in 2 Days, and afterwards 
 
 once in 3 Days till it h well. 
 
 8 ) ST 
 
 Another, 
 
 ' Pound the Herb Dittany in a 
 ' Mortar with BUck-Soup^ and lay 
 ' it to the Sore, and it will draw 
 ' out a Stub, Splint, Thorn or 
 « Nail.' 
 
 STUBBORN. 
 
 To make a Ifubborn Horfe go : 
 Tye a fmall Cord pretty hard about 
 his Stones, and bring it beiween his 
 Fore-legs, fo that you may hold it 
 in your hand, as you fit; on his 
 Back ; and when he will not go 
 forward, give him now and then a 
 Je;k. if he be a Gelding, f^rike 
 him with a Rod that is burnt at one 
 End. 
 
 STUMBLING. 
 
 * Bathe the Legs of the Horfe 
 
 < with Grounds of Ale and rope them 
 
 * with Hay, wetted in the G.ouncls. 
 
 * Repeat this for a Fortnight or 
 
 < more. Or boil Muftard, Aqua- 
 ' Viise and Sal'et-oil tOL-eih."r, and 
 
 < apply it by way of Pi.ftev,' BuC 
 the beft and fureft Cure, fon-e fay, 
 will be to flit the very Top of the 
 Horfe's Nofe, between his Noftrilf, 
 the length of your Thumb, and to 
 take up his too great Sinews that 
 you find there, with your Corner, 
 and to cut them afunder, and then 
 to put a little Butter and Salt into 
 the Wound, and to lay over it a 
 Plrfter of Burgundy-Pitch to keep 
 out the Wind, or to heal it up again 
 with fome healing Salve. This ihey 
 fay will do the Horfe no harm, but 
 good, and wii' give him the Ufe of 
 his Legs fo perfeftly, that he will 
 never tumble or trip after ir. 
 
 STYPTI C K, 
 Styptichi are Medicines that bind 
 together, the farce as Aflrmgents, 
 but are generally the moft powerful 
 of that kind ; alfo ftich as iic>p .he 
 EfFui]on of Bloodj after sny Wound 
 made by chirurgical Operations. 
 
 sue- 
 
s u 
 
 ( 4IP ) 
 
 s u 
 
 SUBJECT. 
 
 To k^ip u Horfe J-i^je^, Is a 
 Term uff ' in the Ac^idemies, and 
 relates t:> VoUs, and fign'fies to 
 k-?p the Horles Croup in the 
 R.>un ■!, Co that ir may nor flip out ; 
 thar he mav not travei fe, and that 
 he rn -v work in rhe M-na^e Croup 
 in, tnarVm;^ Hus equal Times wich- 
 out lofin^ Groan -I. 
 
 S a C C O R Y. 
 
 S.'4!'cory and Endive are cooling 
 an J aftrin:>ent ; they cleanfe phieg- 
 ma ck wa er\ HuinOMrs in the Sto- 
 ru.ic;^, oppn Obll.uft ons of the 
 Liver, Gal! and Spleen, and are 
 gooi in the Tdlozvs: The Ju'ce of 
 the biuir:J Leaves applied outward* 
 ly, a liys Swellings and Inflamma- 
 tions. 
 
 TO S [T P P L E. 
 
 To f-.!p->[e a Horfe^ is to make 
 h'm bend hi? N-ck, Shoulders and 
 Sides, and fO rende- all the Parts of 
 his H jih' njore pliable. 
 
 SUPPOSITORIES. 
 
 S.4ppof.torie: are Medicines to 
 thrull up the Fundament ; one of 
 th? Jijain Intentions of them is to 
 help a Horfe thar cannot well empty 
 himfelf of hi? Du.ig, They a fort 
 of Preparatories to Chfters or Po- 
 tions, and are the genrleft Methods 
 that cm oe ufed to loofen the Guts, 
 V/hich are bound and c'og?'d ivuh 
 dry, hard Excrements which a Cly- 
 fter will not do lo well. 
 
 SiV'irut Forms cf SuppcfitorUs, 
 
 ' Stamp S.ivin with Siaves-acre 
 
 * and ^alt^ of each 2 ounc: ,: boil 
 
 * them in Ho.-.'ey to a Confiftence, 
 ' and make Suppofitones; pu' one 
 
 * of them up rhe Horfe's Fun ia- 
 
 * ment, hav ng; anointed it with 
 
 * Sallet'oil or Frejjj-butter ; then 
 ' having held or ty'd his Tal to 
 
 * his Tuel for half an Hour, let his 
 
 * Tail loofe, mount his Back, an i 
 ' trot him up and down till he be- 
 
 * gin to empty hinnfelf. 
 
 ■Ay.oi/jer. 
 ' Pare a pi^-ce of Cajhb-foab mto 
 « the Form of a SuppAHtor^, vmd 
 ' put it in'o his Fundamen', and 
 
 * order him a.*^ bef jre. 
 
 A S^ppafil ry la (np^U the ^jUr$^ &C. 
 
 ' Firft rak- the Horf-, and ha- 
 ' vin^ a Candle of 4 m fhe pound, 
 ' cu, off three Inches at the im<^! er 
 
 * End, and anotnr the o'her End 
 ' with Si'li'i-oil or F^eflj-batter^ and 
 ' pur ir into his Fundamen:, and 
 
 * order him as before. 
 
 Aynther, 
 
 ' Peel a red O^non and jacr-r it 
 ' wirh a Knife cvof^-vv-n's, ^nj put 
 ' it in .he Horfe's Fundament, ob- 
 ' ferving the fo mer Directions.' 
 A no: her. 
 
 This Suppofi'ory is good to cool 
 and comfort the Boriy, c-iue a oQod 
 Appetite, and purge ill Humours. 
 ' Boi! a pint of Hcr?ey -il' ;( is t'h<ci< . 
 
 * m ke !c in = o a Roll, jnd c^ip the 
 ' tvA \n 0\ or Butter, as beore. 
 
 ' Firftr.^ke ihe K-.Tfe ; 'hen take 
 « 5 ?;j !r:ers of a p.-uiiJ of H ney^ 
 ' 3 .unces oC Sal-:<litre, An.i^esds 
 ' powdered, and Wheat- flour ^ of 
 « each 2 ouncv-. ; boil rhem all ro a 
 « due Conliftence, anJ havin ' 3- 
 
 * noinie.i 't Wfth Oil or Bu ?ei\ put 
 ' it up the Horfe's Funrlamen: tJie 
 
 * length of your Hand, ani order 
 ' h-m ?,- dirtde 
 ' fitory.* 
 
 This Suppofirory mnv be 9iv?ri 
 when any Th n_^ e'fe is not to oe 
 given inwa--'-!ly, on peril of h-'s Uh, 
 it is v?ry good in cafe of Surfeits, 
 or inward S'cknefl'js. Let the 
 Horfe be kept w.irm. 
 
 •• Suppofl ories ar? to be admf- 
 niftred m a Mo'-nin^ falhng, uniefs 
 upon Neceffiry. 
 
 2. He ma*l not at thofe Times 
 drink anv cold \J^;iter, a'tho he has 
 Exercife ; but eithe- white "O^a-ec 
 orfweetMafhes. 
 
 E e 2 3. Rake 
 
 id in the f^rft buppo- 
 
S U (42 
 
 3. Rake the Horfe before you 
 apply the Suppofitory, and keep 
 him warm. 
 
 SURBATING. 
 
 The Defcr'iption. Surbating is 
 when the Sole is worn our, bruis'd, 
 or fpoird by any Accident. 
 
 The Caufe. This Infirmity may 
 be caufed by bad Shoeing, efpecially 
 when the Shoes lye too flat on the 
 Foot, or by the Horfe going too 
 long without Shoes \ or by travel- 
 ling in hard Ways, or in dry hoc 
 Sand, in hot >5i^eather ; for that 
 dries the Hoof, and makes the Sole 
 become hard, and preiTIng upon 
 the foft Parts beneath ^ hurts them. 
 
 The Shnu This Infirmity h 
 known by the Horfe's coniinual 
 hitching and moving ; and if you 
 feel his Hoofs you will perceive them 
 both vet V hot and dry. If it be cau- 
 fed by bad fhooing, you may know 
 what Part is moll afFcdled, by the 
 thinnt fs of the Shoe. 
 
 The Cure. ' Sometimes the Cure 
 
 * may be efF^ded by flopping the 
 
 * Horfe's Feet with Ox or Covu- 
 ' dung and Vinegar^ or by firft ap- 
 ' plying a Couple of new laid Eggi 
 
 * broken to the Soles, and then 
 ' flopping them up with Ox or 
 
 * Cow-dung ; or you may flop them 
 ' with boiling hot Hogs-greafe thic- 
 « kened with Bran. Or, 
 
 * Fiift fof:en the Sole with unc- 
 
 * tious Applications, and then pour 
 
 * in a Mixture o^ Fitch ^ Tar^Hogs- 
 
 * latd boiling hot upon the Sole, 
 
 * and fluff it up with Kurds; and 
 
 * above them put a piece of Leather 
 '• with Splents. 
 
 Another Kemedy, 
 ' Firfl pare and open the Heels 
 
 * wide ; take a good quantity of 
 ' Blood from the Toes 5 then tack 
 
 * on a hollow Shoe, and having 
 
 * rolled a little Cotton in Frankin^ 
 
 * ce}7fe^ melt it into the Foot with a 
 ' hot Iron, betwixt the Shoe and 
 
 o ) S U 
 
 « the Toe, till the Orifice from 
 ' whence the Blood was taken is fil- 
 ' led up: then having melted half a 
 ^ pound oi' HogS'lard, make it into 
 ' a Poultice with wheat Bran^ and 
 ' flop the Horfe's Foot with it as 
 ' hot as can be; cover it with a 
 < piece of an old Shoe, and fplint it 
 ' up, and let it remain fo for 5 or 
 
 * 4 Days. And if there be occafion 
 ' you may renew it.* 
 
 For a Horfe that is furhated hy going 
 without Shoes. 
 * Pare him clofe towards the Toe, 
 *" then cut a little Hole with a Pcn- 
 ' knife thro' the Bottom of the 
 ' Hoof, about an Inch from the 
 ' Toe, and right over the Vein, and 
 
 * let the Vein bleed about a quarter 
 
 * of a Pint; then having fet his Shoe 
 ^ on pretty hollow about the Foot, 
 « and having boiled Tallozv, Tar 
 
 * and Turpentine together, pour it 
 « fcalding hot into the Foot, and 
 « ftufFit with Hurds or Wool ; you 
 ' may alfoput in flat Sticks between 
 
 * his Shoe and the bottom of the 
 « Hoof. Once dreifing will cure 
 « it.' 
 
 SURFEIT. 
 
 The Befcription, A Surfeit is ge- 
 nerally underftood to mean all thofe 
 2vlaladies which proceed from excef- 
 five and immoderate Feeding, but 
 efpecially upon unwholefom Food ; 
 or from hard Riding, Cold, crir. 
 which often caufe a Horfe to for- 
 fake his Meat, to grow lean, and 
 fometimes is attended with hard 
 Swellings, which if they fall upon 
 the Joints, in time, bring Lamenefs 
 and other Diforders. 
 
 The Cure, If the Horfe be fur- 
 feited and under a great Oppreflion, 
 by want of the common and ufual 
 Difcharges, firfl bleed Km in the 
 Neck'Vein, rake him, and give him 
 an emollient Clyfter, putting in 
 more than the ufuai quantity of 
 Hogs-lard or Oil, to lubricate or 
 2 " make 
 
s u c 42 
 
 make til e Paflages flippery ; and if 
 he has no Fever at all, or if it be but 
 a very fl-'^hr one, give him the fol- 
 low! nc^ Drench : 
 
 G ve it in the Morning havintJ 
 kept the Horfe fafting for 4 hours 
 before, and keep him fafting alfo 4 
 hours after, and as foon as you per- 
 ceive the Drench begin to work, 
 walk him gently till the Operation 
 is almoft over. Give him nothing 
 that is cold, warm his Water, and 
 ftrew it with Oatmeal and Barley- 
 flower : 
 
 ' Infufe Carraway, Coriander 
 ' and Swset- Fennel fee6, of each an 
 ^ ounce J and of Sena an ounce, in 
 
 * a quart of boiling Water, either 
 
 * pour it off by Inclination, or ftrain 
 ' it thro' a Sieve, and when it is 
 
 * grown cold, add to it a dram of 
 ' Re fin of Jalap.'' 
 
 The day after he has had 
 this Drench, give him chewing 
 Balls for an hour in the Morning, 
 and ride him out a airing, and when 
 you come home, you may give him 
 a few Oats boil'd with Bran, and 
 let his Water he drinks that Day be 
 warm. The next Day give him a- 
 nother Drench the fame as before 
 direded j and if he be ftrong, add 
 2 drams of Diagridium. 
 
 If after this Means has been ufed, 
 the Horfe fhould break out in Boils 
 and inflamed Swelling?, then you 
 nauft forbear the giving him Purges, 
 unlefs he becomes very coftive j and 
 for that give him mild Ciyfiers : 
 and v;hereas Nature muft always be 
 adifted her own way, give him Wa- 
 ter ftrew'd with Oatmeal plentifully, 
 with Sal-yrunelU^ ptttrijied Nitre^ 
 cr the like, to pi'omoie Urine, and 
 to dilute and ripen the Humours. 
 And if you think the Horfe worth 
 the Charge, give him half a pint of 
 Milk-water and half a pint of Trea- 
 fle-waier, every day after his pur- 
 
 ^ ) 
 
 s u 
 
 g?ng Drenches. This Method h 
 more necelury to be foilowM if the 
 Tumours are the Effefts of a pu- 
 trid and malignant Fever. 
 Another Medicine. 
 ' Boil Celandine, Rue and Worm' 
 
 * wjcd, of each a handful, having 
 ' firft chop'd them fmal!,in 3 quarts 
 
 * of ftrong Beer^ till it is come to 
 ' one quart, then ftrain out the De- 
 ' co£lion and fqueeze it from the 
 ' Herbs, and put in a Lump of 
 ' fiveet Butter, 2 fpoonfuls of^ Ho' 
 ' ney, and 2 ounces or more of 
 ' Treacle of Jeane^ and give it the 
 
 * Horfe in a Morning fafting ; Ex- 
 ' ercife him after ir, and when ycu 
 '- come home, clothe him and li'ter 
 ' him warm- and 2 or 3 Hours af- 
 ' ter, give him a Mafh and white 
 <■ Water.' 
 
 FOR A MOIST HOT RUN- 
 NING SURFEIT, FALLING 
 INTO THE LEGS. 
 The Caufe. It proceeds from 
 Colds and Heats ; it falls out of the 
 Horfe's Body into his Le^s^ and a 
 hot, moift, white or yellow ftinking 
 Matter will iftue out. This kind of 
 Surfeit happens to fcorbutick Hor- 
 
 The Signs. The Horfe's Breath 
 will ftinkvery much, as well as his 
 Legs, which will fwe'l alfo much. 
 While he ft.indsin the Stable he will 
 be fo ftlfFthat he can hardly ftir, but 
 will hold his Legs to his Midrib?. 
 At his fi.-ft going out of the Stable, 
 he will fcarce'y draw his Legs over 
 the Threfhold. 
 
 The Cure. Either keep the Horfe 
 fafting all Night, or give him but a 
 very little Food the next Morning. 
 Before he has any Water bleed him 
 well in both the Neck- veins, and 
 give him the following Drench : 
 
 ' Take dry Ann>Jeeds, Arifich- 
 
 ' chia and Turrnerick^ of each an 
 
 ^ ounce; powder the Seeds, and 
 
 E e 3 beat 
 
S U f- 422 
 
 beat the r..»;-r/'/^, grate the ^- 
 rift'Ap-hitiy purrbeii) into ?.r\ ear. 
 then Pan wirh^ pints cf Water, 
 and aifo ^re^?; Fennel^ (or f^?z- 
 fiel-leedi beaten, 2 ounces) Rue^Sagc 
 and IVormwc'd, of each a hand- 
 ful, and let them lie to Oeep all 
 Night : then in the Morning ride 
 biin a Mile, till he is warm, ani 
 give hun the Drench b-fore-men- 
 t'oned ; f<de him a Mile afffp ir, 
 fei hiai up, keep him foi 6 Hours 
 up;:'.-- the Bridle, and th^n let him 
 have a Irrle Hay, and after that 
 warm Vv'ater and Bran. Tlie 
 next Morning ride him ro a River, 
 but let him not drink luore than 
 once a day, and ride him 2 or 3 
 Miles after.* Repeat the fornter 
 Drench according ro the foregoing 
 Dirccl^ m ev ry D^y, riil ihe Hu- 
 mours feem to Se dried up, and for- 
 bear ro run or fwell. 
 
 The Hoife may be wrought 3 or 
 4 Hours in a Day, t > ger him a Sto- 
 rnsch : Let hi;n be kept in the 
 Houfe upon dry Mar, wn-dur it 
 be Winter or Summer, till he is 
 cured, and afterwards he may be 
 turned out. During the Time of 
 Cure, his Legs fhould be k^^pt clean, 
 wafh'd in Tome R-Vf^v, and kep- as 
 cool as may be. The Drinks will 
 cauie iiim to run at the Nofe white 
 or yellow. 
 
 |f he fall off of his Stomach, you 
 may give him any of thofe Things 
 reconimended to promote Appetite. 
 See Appeiue, 
 
 If there be in his Legs great 
 Chap? or Crann'es, then havin.4 
 firrt wailid hi^ Lei; s very c'ean with 
 2 or 3 pails of W ate-, (for you mi.ft 
 TJor ride him into a River) clip a- 
 way ail the Hair clofe to the Skin, 
 To fkr as they are chap'd, ^ . then 
 waQi his Legs a;.-ain with another 
 Pai! of Water, te; them cry, and 
 I Beat tsn heads o? Garihl^ in a 
 
 ) 
 
 w 
 
 < Bowl with an ounce of Ground-, 
 ' pepper, and hdf a pound of Ho- 
 ' ney, till they come to a S.^lve ; 
 « fpread one half of this Sdve on 
 
 * half a Sheet of brown Paper, . nd 
 ' the other h^lr on anohci ; lay a 
 « broad piece of linen C'cth on 'he 
 ' P^ptr, .md lay the Plafter on the 
 
 * Sore, and few :he Cloth and P.af^ 
 ' ter faft on. wind a Thumb.jn^ of 
 ' H V about hif Legs and over the 
 
 * P after, and v\hen ir has la n two 
 
 * Day*^, take it off- wipe the C: i^s 
 
 * ere. clean, .5nd put on a heiTi 
 « Pl-^fter. 3 or 4 Dr^ flings, v ill 
 
 * cure, a'tho the Sure were never 
 ' fo bad, and the Sinews a'n oft 
 
 * rot-eo with the Filth We n.uft 
 ' net come in?o Water during the 
 ' time of the Cure.' 
 
 If after a'L ihe Horfe bar no Sto- 
 m;?ch, and looks gauni-, an'* d ■ not 
 thrive, give him white Wne and 
 Honey, and when he is b ought to 
 his Stomach, give him the Purge of 
 A oes ; but if he be in He^rt and 
 ha5 his Stomach, give him the Purge 
 firft, and then the Cordial. 
 SWEATING. 
 
 If 3 Horfe fwea^ upon liitle or no 
 occafi n, as walking a tooi Pice, 
 f^andin-;: ftill in the Stable, or the 
 like, it 's a certain Token that the 
 Horfe is ia:nt, foul fed, and wants 
 Exercife. And when there is occa- 
 (lon for fwearingj as upon ftrong 
 Hea's and ^he like, ^nd his Sweat is 
 whire, f-rthy, ana hke Soap-fuds, 
 then tht H^nfe is inwardl\ foul, and 
 alio wan s Exercife ; hut if the Sweat 
 looks like Water throvvn »pon him, 
 then the Horfe is in a good ftaie of 
 HeaUh, 
 
 Things gccd to cauje Su-eat, 
 
 ' Boil mountain Calam'tnt in Sal- 
 ' let-cU^ and give it inwardly or 
 
 * ou'ward!\, anointing the Body 
 ' with it. Or, 
 
 ^ Give 
 
s w 
 
 (42? ) 
 
 s w 
 
 ^ Give him the Juice o^ Scabious, 
 
 * with Treacles. Or mix the Juice 
 
 * of Br.glofs W'th Brandy, and rub 
 
 * the Ho.fc's Body over vvith it.' 
 if you make a Bath of Camomile 
 .and boiihe tne Horfe with it, it will 
 o\ n the Pores, and alfo mitigate 
 griping Pains in the Bowels. Or mix 
 Fennel-giant with Sal!e:-oi], and a- 
 nolnt the Body with it, 
 
 SWEATING IRON. 
 
 A Sweating Iron is s piece of a 
 Scythe, or fome fucli Inftrument, a- 
 bout a root long, and 3 or 4 Fin- 
 ger^ broad, very thin ; they are 
 fucn 3s Grooms ufe when they would 
 ItiPn the fweating of a Horfe, 01* 
 make it glide off : then they hold 
 this Iron in both their Hands, and 
 gently run the cutting Edge along the 
 Skin of the Horfe, and with the 
 Grain of the Hair, and fo fcraping 
 off the Sweat, dry the Horfe, 
 SWELLING. 
 
 ' If it be a hot Inflammation or 
 
 * fott Swellins, that is, whether it 
 
 * be broken or nor, anoint it with 
 
 * Oil of Populeon, once or twice a 
 ' day, rubbing it m cold with your 
 ' Hand, tiUit be down. Or, 
 
 ' Take blac\ Soap, common 
 
 * Turpentine and Meliloty Pitch znd 
 
 * Hogs-greafe, boil them together, 
 ' and appiy it to the Pan.* 
 
 To dijfolve a Swelling without 
 breaking. 
 * Take a quarter of a pound of 
 
 * black Sjat>^ (or common Soap if 
 
 * the other be not to be had) and a 
 ' quarter of a pound of Bole-Armor 
 
 * niach in powder, and mix with 
 
 * them a little of the Powder of un- 
 
 * flak'd Lime, half a quartern of 
 
 * Brandy^ and half a gill of Od of 
 ' Rofes, and Od of Lin feed ^ and a- 
 ' noint the Part with it.' 
 
 A B^emedy for Swellings or Brmfes. 
 ' Boil Hzy in Chamberlyey or lay 
 
 * roren Litter upon v, to ripen it, 
 
 * then let out the Corruption, and 
 
 ' fill the Hollownefs with the Pow- 
 ' der of Rofir?^ and Uy over it a 
 ^ Plafter of Shoe-makers-wax, re- 
 ' newing it once a day till it is 
 ' whole. If it skins and heals but 
 ' flowlv, m"x unflak'd Lime and 
 ' Bole Armoniack powdered, and 
 
 * ftrew upon it, and if proud Flefh 
 
 * grow on it, take it down with 
 ^ jAum or Verdegreafe powdered* 
 
 Anar.er, 
 ' Boil Hay in P^erjuice, with the 
 « Teaf of Ale or Beer ; bind the 
 
 * Hay on the Swelling, and pour on 
 
 * the Liquor, and it will take down 
 ' the Swelling in 3 or 4 Days •, or 
 ' rotten Litter or Hay boiled in 
 ' Urine, will do the fame/ 
 
 For a Horfe that is fjceWd afer 
 letting of Bloc d. 
 * Mix and melt Hogs-greafe, Lin- 
 ' feed-oil and Red lead together, 
 ' keeping them ftirring till they are 
 ' cold, that the Lead may not (ink 
 ' to the bottom, and rub it in with 
 ' your Fingers once a day, and it 
 ' will dilTolve the hardeft Knot 
 ' that is. If the Weather be cold, 
 
 * dry it in with a hot Iron ; but if 
 ^ warm funny Weather, the Sun will 
 ' doit' 
 
 SWELL'D LEGS. 
 If there is no outward Uicer,' Boil 
 ^ a pound of Hogs-greafe in 2 quarts 
 ' of the Lees of Wine, or Grounds of 
 
 * Ale or Bar^ and make it into a 
 ' Poultice with Wheat- bran ; fill a 
 ' Hofe made for the Horfe of 
 ' Woolen with this Poultice, and 
 
 * put it on the Horfe's Leg as hot as 
 « he can bear it : then tye up the 
 
 < Hofe, let it lye till the third Day, 
 ' and then opening the Hofe but 
 ' not ftirring the Poultice, put in as 
 
 * much hot melted Greafe as it will 
 
 < hold. Then tye it up till the third 
 
 * day, and open ir, and rub down 
 
 < the Leg, and if youfind occafion, 
 
 * apply another Poultice, 
 
 E e 4 
 
 But 
 
s w 
 
 ( 4»4 ) 
 
 s w 
 
 ' But if there be Ulcer?, Chops 
 
 * andSores.as well as a Swell^ngjihen 
 
 * after you have ufed the Poultice 
 
 * before-mentioned {o\ a Week, and 
 
 * having boil'd a han.iml of S^lt a 
 
 * handful of ^ilum^ and half an 
 
 * ounce of whin Copperas togeihei, 
 
 * wafh rhe Sore with it once or 
 
 * twice a day, and after it has been 
 ' dry'd a little, ano nt it with ^- 
 
 * gypiiacum, and it will kill the ma- 
 
 * lignant Humours, and heal, and 
 
 * dry up the Sores. 
 
 Another, 
 < Bathe the Legs with the Pickle 
 
 * of Oitves made hot, then having 
 
 * b)il'd Train-oil^ Nerve oil^ and 01 
 
 * of Bay^indSallet-O.'lyOi' QHcU ha!;a 
 
 * pint, w th a quarrer of a pound of 
 ' Ho^ss' reafcy^nd 2 ounces of Alum , 
 ' and a quari ot Urtni^ a hand ml 
 
 < of Mai ow\ ground Oatmeal and 
 
 < Bran, ^nd m ikini£ wiir. rhefii a 
 ' Poultice, apply it hot to the Part 
 « aooi-jev'd once in 2 Days ' 
 
 t''r a S^''''i^in(7 by a blow. 
 * If tr.e Swelling be not broke, 
 
 < you need nor apply any thing to it 
 
 * but the Charge oi' Soap and Bra?2' 
 « dy, As in being heated well in, 4 
 
 * or 5 Dayj:,it will either afluage it or 
 
 * break it/ 
 
 SWIMMERS. 
 The S-Jiummer is fituate in the 
 Fore-less cf a Horfe above the 
 Knees and upon the Infide, and al- 
 moft upon the back Parts of the 
 Hind-le::s, a little below the Hams. 
 The Part is without Hair, and re- 
 fembles a Piece of hard and dry 
 Horn. Tne French call it the 
 Chefinut^ on account of the ]R.ere|ii- 
 fclancc that i: bears to it. 
 
 This IS one of the 4 Marks that 
 ail Horfes have, and the fmaller this 
 Part is the Mark is the better 5 be- 
 caufe it is a iign that the Leg is dry 
 and nervous. Thefe Swimmers pro- 
 ceed from Humidity, and in fome 
 Horfes they are fo very fiiiall, that 
 they can fcarcely be difcerned, and 
 they are the better for it. 
 
 This Part grows hard in fnme 
 Horfes as thry grow old, and as hard 
 as their Soles, and fome Perfbns 
 fhave them from time to t me : be- 
 caufe if they fhouid pull ihem away, 
 the Blood would fohow, and there 
 would be a Wound. 
 
 SWORD-HAND. 
 
 i:\\e Sword hand is the right Hand 
 of tne Horfeman. 
 SYMPATHETICK-POW- 
 
 D £ R, fee in the Article 
 
 WOUNDS in Letter W. 
 SYMPTOM. 
 
 A Syni'pivrn is fuch a Conjunftion 
 of Ay-pearances, or fuch an Appear- 
 ance or any one Tiling, as indicates 
 what will be the Iffue or End of a 
 Dift'^-mper, and the manner of cure. 
 
 S YMPTOMATI CAL. 
 
 This Term Symptomatical^ is u- 
 fed to denote the Difference be- 
 tween the primary and fecondary 
 Cauiesin Difeafes , as a Fever which 
 \$ cuuled by Pain, is faid to be fym- 
 ptomical, becaufe it ai ifes only from 
 Pain. And therefore in fuch Cafes, 
 thofe Means are to be ufed that will 
 remove the Pain, and not the ordi- 
 nary Means in Fevers ^ becaufe when 
 the Pain is removed, the Fever will 
 ceafe of it felf. 
 
 T. TACA. 
 
T A 
 
 (42s ) 
 
 T A 
 
 TAG AM AH AC. 
 
 TAcamahac isrefinous Gum that 
 drops from a Tree in New 
 Spain, pretryiall, and fomewhat re- 
 fembling the Engltjh Poplar- Tree. 
 
 It has a very rank ofFenfive foiell, 
 and is but little ufed for inward Ap- 
 plications J but being made up into 
 Balls, is a good Medicine for Hor- 
 Cqs in Diftempers of the Head and 
 Breaft ; and being of a pene- 
 trating and fubtile Quality, is alfo 
 ufed in outward Applications, to fup- 
 purate or diflolve Tumours. 
 TAIL. 
 
 Some there are who affirm, That 
 the Dock of the Tail of a Horfe, 
 ferves to fhew that he is in his 6tb 
 or 7th Year j and fay. That about 
 the Time the Eye of ihe Bean or 
 black Speck begins to difappear, and 
 the Gavity to be fill'd up, the Dock 
 of the Tail grows longer ; the Rea- 
 fon they give is, That the Vigour 
 of his young Years begins to abate, 
 and Nature is not ftrong enough to 
 nourifh and keep up the Joints and 
 Knots which form the Dock j fo 
 that when a Horfe \s 6 Years old, 
 one of thefe Joints flackens and be- 
 gins to fall down, and the next Year 
 another h\\$ down in like manner. 
 
 But this falling down or Relaxa- 
 tion, happens fooner in fome Hor- 
 fes than it does in others, according 
 as they have been kept, ill or well, 
 as to feeding, working or houfin". 
 And fo this knowing a Horfe's Age 
 by his Tail, is very erroneous. 
 
 TANSEY. 
 Garden Tanfey \s good to confume 
 phlegmatick Humcurs ; the Decoc- 
 tion opens Obftruftions, is good for 
 the Strangury, and expels W/nd. 
 The Seed is good to kill Worms, 
 and being boiled in Oil, is good 
 for ftirunk Sinews and Cramps. 
 WILD TANSEY.* 
 Wild Tanfey is aftringent, and \s 
 good to ftay Lasks and Fluxes • for 
 Sores inward or outward, and to 
 heal running Sores. The diftilPd 
 Water is good to cool the Heat and 
 Inflammation of the Eyes. 
 TAR. 
 Tar is a Juice or Liquid that h 
 drawn out of the Pine-Tree, and is 
 the firfl: running, and Pitch is the 
 fecond : It is good againft cold Hu- 
 mours that are colleded in the 
 Bread, and to draw Wounds ; and 
 apply'd with other Ingredients, h 
 good for the Scratches. 
 TARTAR. 
 Tartar is a fort of Subftance that 
 IS found (licking to Wine-Casks, 
 like a haid Stone, and is either 
 white or red, according to the Co- 
 lour of the Wine from whence it is 
 produc'd. 
 
 The white \s accounted better 
 than the red, having in it lefs Dfofs 
 or earthy Parts ; and the Tartar of 
 the Rhenifh Wine that comes from 
 Germany, is moft efteem'd ; There 
 are feveral Preparations that bear its 
 Name ; as, Fix'd SaUs of Tartar, 
 Cream, and Cryfials of Tartar^ 
 viirio-' 
 
T E 
 
 ( 42 
 
 ihrwlated Tartar^ and Sjap of 
 Tartar j all which are ufefui to le- 
 veral Intentions in Phyfick, 
 TEETH. 
 
 A Horfe has 40 Teeih, including 
 his Tufhe.s which are diftinguifh'd; 
 24 of them are ca.i'd Grinders. 
 which are phic'd at the bottom cf 
 his Mouth beyond the B^rs, 12 on 
 each fide of the Channel, '■oiz, 6 
 above and 6 below on each fide ; 
 Thefe Teeth are of no ufe to di- 
 ftin^uifh a Horfe's Age 5 becaufe 
 they continue, and do not filed to 
 give place to new ones in their 
 roonn. 
 
 As to the other i(5, 12 of them 
 in the'r Inf<3ncy are call'd Voal-teeth^' 
 or Mil':-teeth^ and the other 4 are 
 caird Tufiics. 
 
 The 12 Fcal-teeth are feated m 
 the fore part of the Mouih, 6 above 
 and 6 be'ow, and are fhorr, fmall 
 and white : Thele Teeth fhed to 
 give place to others, v.'hich in time 
 become long, large and yellowifh. 
 
 Thefe 1 2 new Te'eth are to have 
 different Ncimes given them, ac- 
 cording as they put forth ; and we 
 come to the Knowledge of the 
 firft Years of a Horfe by the man- 
 ner of their putting out ; 4 of them 
 are call'd Nipper s^ 4. Middling-teeth, 
 and 4 Corner-teeth. 
 
 The 4 Nippers are plac'd in the 
 fore part of the Mouth, z above 
 and 2 beiow ; and when a Horfe 
 has put forth thefe, he is accounted 
 JO be between 2 Years and a half 
 and 5 Years old. The 4 Adiddling- 
 teeth are feated near the Nippers or 
 GathererSi one above and one be- 
 low on each fide of the Jaws ; 
 when they appear a Horfe is between 
 9 Years and a half and 4 Years 
 old. 
 
 The 4 Corner-teeth are fituated 
 more forward in the Mouth, one 
 above and one below on each fide 
 pf the Jaws : Thefe Teeth bsgin to 
 
 5 ) T E 
 
 fnoot between ^he fvarth and fifth 
 Yenr, and are got above the Gum 
 at the Age of five Years. 
 
 Having got ^bove the Gum., rhey 
 beconv.^ hollow, and mark, i, s. a lit- 
 tle blackifh Speck, (wr.ich is call'd 
 the Bud or Eye of the 3esn} appears 
 in ihc Ho.low or Cavi£y oY the 
 Corner-tor^ih, and continues com- 
 monly til' 7 or 8 Years cf A^e, 
 When the Horfe has pafs'd his 6ih 
 Y'ear, this Cavii.y begins to fiij up, 
 and fhe black Mark difappears ara- 
 dually from 6 to 7 and a half, and 
 is quite fiird up at 8 Ye^rs old, and 
 the black Mark is gone. 
 
 Thofe Teeth then become even 
 and fmooth, as it they had been 
 fhaved, and it is c mmon to fay 
 the Horfe is raz'd ^ and after that 
 time, the furefl way to take the 
 Knowledge of ihe Age of a Horfe 
 is from his Tufhes. 
 
 The Tufhes aie placed upon the 
 Ears beyond the Corner-iet th, one 
 above and one below on each fide 
 of the Jaws, without being preceded 
 by any Foal-teeth, 
 
 The two under T,ipes cur fn 
 fome Hor(i?s at 9 Years, in others 
 at 3 Years and a half, and in fome 
 at 4 Yeais old ; But the two upper 
 Tufhes appear in fome at 45 'Q 
 orhers at 4 and a half; fometimes 
 before and fomet'mes after the 
 Corner-teeth, without any certain 
 Rule; and they are chamfered with- 
 in till the Horfe is 6 Years of Age, 
 The 2 upper Tufhes appear to be 
 much worn about the ictn Year, 
 and after that time they grow out 
 fn len(;th, and become bare of 
 Flefli, becaufe the Gum fhrmks and 
 retires j and when a Horfe is about 
 15 or id Y^'ears old, the Horfe 
 reel5. 
 
 A Horfe is accounted not to be 
 capable of any great Fatigue tilll his 
 TuQies have cut the Skin, 
 
 Mofl 
 
T E 
 
 (4 
 
 Mnft D:itch Horfes are verv ITcl 
 V}hen their Tu files corne ror h. 
 Mares have them but feldom, and 
 when ihey have them, they are very 
 fmall 
 
 LOOSE TEETH. 
 If the Tcn<-- of a Horle be loofe, 
 the -vay ro falUn therr\ is to pi'ck 
 hi; Gums all over w'th a Lancet, 
 and make hem bleec^ well, and af- 
 terwards to rub their, ail over wh 
 Sage and Salt, or tlecampune 
 Lea-ries^ or Horff-'^ ■Im. 
 
 PAINS IN THE TEETH. 
 The Caufe, Pains in the Teeth 
 proceeJ •' Mietimes from the Diftil- 
 la.-: j"> ol Humours. 
 
 ':/'t Cure. Rub all the ouffide 
 of the Gums with fine Chalk and 
 Arong V-J/egar mix'd together ; or 
 boil Be ony in Alt: or Vr-'-iar till 
 ha|!^ of if is w.^fl:ed, and vv.<ih the 
 Ht ife's Gums svitri it: or after you 
 have Vv-afliM them wirh Cf-jalk and 
 Vhe.ar, ftrew upon them the Pow- 
 der of Pomegrunaie Peelwp ; or 
 melt K:-Jin and Maffick tOj^ether, and 
 cover the Temples of the Horfe's 
 Head with Jt. 
 
 \)v^ O L F'S-T E E T H. 
 Defctiptti^n, Vi'olfs'tee.b are 2 
 fmall T-eth which grow in the up- 
 per Jaws, next to ihe ^ireatGiinders ; 
 and rhefe are fo painful to a Horfe, 
 that he cannot enjure to chew his 
 Meat, but is forced either to keep it 
 in his Mouth half chew'd, or to let it 
 fall out. 
 
 The Cure. Tie up the Horfe's 
 Head ro fome Poft or other, open 
 his Mouth wioe with a Cord, that 
 you may fee very well into it ; and 
 h<5vin^ an iron Inilruraent made 
 like a Carpenter's Gouge, fet the 
 edge of this Tool with your left 
 Hand 10 the foot of the Woif s- 
 teeth on theoutfideof thejuv, and 
 haying turn'd the hollow of the 
 Tool downwards, knock it ciit 
 
 27 ) T E 
 
 W'th a Mal'et a« fteadily a? you can,' 
 th-n pur feme finely powder'd Salt 
 into tne Ho'ts. 
 
 And if the upper Jaw teeth hang 
 over th? under Javt-ie-th, and fo 
 cut the infide of rne Horfe's Mouth, 
 then pare the Teeth fhorrer b^ lirtle 
 and littie with the Gouge and Mailer, 
 turning the hollow fide of the Tool 
 d. wnwards towards the Teeth, and 
 fo doing, you wiH not cut the infide 
 of his Cheeks j then with a File 
 file fhem fmooth, and afterwards 
 wafh his Mouth with Salt and Vine- 
 gar. 
 
 TENDON. 
 
 Tendon is a fort of a Griflle, or 
 is the Extremity of a Mufcle, where 
 ns Fibres run m^o a ffrong fcringy 
 Cord ; and it is called the Head or 
 Tail, as it happens to be at the 
 Origin or Inleriion of the Mufcle, 
 TERRA A TERRA. 
 
 T.rra a Terra, is a Seues or 
 Courfe of h>w Leaps which a Horfe 
 makes forwards, bearing fi.^e ways, 
 and workrn:^ upon two Treads 2 
 The Horfe in this Motion lifts both 
 his fore Legs at once, and when 
 the^e are upon the point of de- 
 fccnding to the Ground, they are 
 accompany'd with the hinder Legs 
 with a fhort and quick Cadence, 
 always bearing and ftaying upon his 
 Haunches ^ fo that the Motions of 
 the hinder Quarters are fhort and 
 quick, sn-i the Hor'e being always 
 well prefs'd and C3up!ed, he keeps 
 his hinder Legs a'ways low and 
 pretty near the Ground, but lifts his 
 fore Legs prettv hiah, 
 
 TERR AIGNOL, 
 Terraiinol is an Appe lation given 
 to a Horfe who cleaves to ihe 
 Ground, and can't be made light 
 upon the Hand, nor can be put 
 upon his Haunches ; who raifes his 
 fore Quarters with difKcu'ty, wiiich 
 is charged with Shoulders, and In. 
 general. 
 
T E 
 
 ( 428 ) 
 
 T H 
 
 general, fuch a one whofe Motions 
 are all fhorr, and too near the 
 Ground. 
 
 TERRAIN. 
 
 Terrain is the Manage ground 
 upon which the Horfe makes his 
 Pijie or Tread. 
 
 TERTIAN. 
 
 A Tertian is an Ague that inter- 
 mits but one Day ; fo that there are 
 2 Fits in 3 Days. 
 
 TETTER. 
 
 Definiiicn, A Tener is a Sore 
 which runs up and down the Skin of 
 a Horfe's Body : It moft commonly 
 appears in the Rump, and runs 
 down the Joints till it comes to the 
 Tail, and if it continues long there, 
 it will turn to a Canker. But fooie- 
 times it will fettle upon forae 
 flefny part of a Horfe's Body, and 
 will iich fo violently, that he will 
 rub off the Hair againft Walls and 
 :9o(\s, and bite off Skin and Flefh 
 with his Teeth, if he can come at 
 it. 
 
 The Caufe, It proceeds from 
 fharp and hot Humours, occafion'd 
 by bad and foul Feeding, Surfeits of 
 Food, or from hard and violent 
 Exercife. 
 
 S'lgns^ It may be known by 
 the falling away of the Hair by 
 being rubbed ; and if it get into 
 the Joint between the Rump and 
 the Tail, you may feel a Scab with 
 your Finger, which if you pick off, 
 a thin Water will ifliie out ^ and 
 this Water, if it be let alone, will 
 run into the Tail, and caufe a 
 Canker. 
 
 Cure, ' Put 2 Drams of Pre- 
 
 * cipitate into a fmall Viol-glafs 
 
 * with fair Water, as much as wiil 
 ' cover the Powder or more, flop it 
 
 * clofe, and wafh the place twice a 
 
 * Day with this Water ; when you 
 
 * have ufed ir, Qiake the Glafs, and 
 ? 0op it up again. 
 
 If the Sore be in any fleOiy part, 
 bathe it twice a day with the Tuice 
 of Southerr>wood, Maudlin, and 
 RuBy in equa! quantities, ftamped 
 and ftrained. Or, 
 
 * Take Elecampane R^ots, anri red 
 ' Dj(^ Roots, in like quanrities ; 
 
 * and having (l.ced them thin, boil 
 
 * them in 3 quarts of Urine, wiih 2 
 
 * handfuis oi Bay-falt, till one quart 
 
 * is wafled ; then having tied a Ks^ 
 
 * about a Stik, dip it in the De- 
 
 * codion, and wafh the Sores with 
 ' it very hot for 4 or 5 Monings 
 
 * together, and it will kill them.* 
 See Rmg'Worm, or Rlying-Worm, 
 
 TEXTURE. 
 
 Texture of an animal Body, is 
 that peculiar Difpofition of the con- 
 ftituent Parts, that makes it to have 
 fuch a Form, or be of fuch a Na- 
 ture, or be endowed with fuch 
 Qualities as are the mofl fuitaole to 
 itr 
 
 THERAPEQTICK. 
 
 Therapeutick is that part of Phy- 
 fick which refpeds the Prefcription, 
 or the Method of Cure. 
 THIGH. 
 
 The fore Thigh or Aim of a 
 Horfe, is that part of the fore Leg 
 which runs between the Shoulder 
 and the Knee ; and it is an ufual 
 Expreflion, when a Horfe bends his 
 Leg well, that he bends his fore 
 Thigh well, and goes fine, tho the 
 fore Thigh does not bend. 
 
 The Effed of the Thighs of the 
 Horfeman is one of the Aids which 
 ferves to make a Horfe work vigo- 
 roufly in the Manage. As foon as 
 he clofes with his Thighs, the 
 Horfe will be enliven'd and alarm'd, 
 as preparing himfelf for performing 
 what is requir'd of him, and difpo- 
 fing himfelf for the Manage. 
 T H O R A C I C^K. 
 
 Thorarick Medicines are ihofe that 
 ars 
 
T I ( 429 ) 
 
 T I 
 
 are good for Diftempers of the 
 Bread. 
 
 THOROUGH WAX. 
 
 Thorough Wax^ or Thorough Leafy 
 is good for all manner of Bruifes 
 and \>7ounds inward or outward, 
 and all old Sores and Ulcers. 
 THYME. 
 
 Thyme h accounted a cordial 
 Herb ; it Is good to ftrengthen the 
 Lungs, purge the Body of Phlegm, 
 and for S..ortnefs of Wind ; but 
 the wild Thyme is preferable to the 
 garden Thyme. 
 DODDER OF THYME. 
 
 Dodder of Th^jme is reckonM a 
 good Sweetner of the Blood, 
 WILD THYME. 
 
 Wild Thyme or Mother o^Thyme^ 
 \s good to provoke Urine, to eafe 
 griping Pains in the Belly, which 
 proceed from Wind ; is good for 
 Infi.immations of the Liver, and 
 pifEng of Blood. 
 
 TICK. 
 The Tich, tho' fome reckon this 
 
 . yet 
 
 which fome 
 J their Teeth 
 
 among the Difeafes of Horfes, 
 it IS rather a Habit 
 Horles take of preflin 
 
 againft the 
 
 Manner, or all along the 
 
 Halter or Collar, as i^ they would 
 bite it. 
 
 The Caufe, It h probable it may 
 proceed at firft from the Pain and 
 Itching that is in the breeding of 
 Teeth. 
 
 The Signs, This Infirmity, or 
 rather ill Cuftom, may be perceived 
 either by the Horfe's upper or under 
 Tcith being decay'd and v/orn, but 
 much better by feeing him cat ; for 
 he will prefs upon the edge of the 
 Manger with h.s upper Teeth, and 
 give a kind of Be'ch thro' his 
 Throat ; which Action and Noife is 
 call'd the Tick. 
 
 The Cure. Tho there may be 
 divers ways to break a Horfe of this 
 
 Habit, yet the mofl approved is to 
 feed him in a place where there is 
 no Manger, to tie him with a Buckle 
 to the Wall, and to give him his 
 Oats in a Haverfack. 
 
 TICKLISH. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be ticklijh^ 
 that is too tender upon the Spur, 
 and too fenfible, that does not 
 freely fiy the Spurs, but in fome 
 meafure refifts them, throwing him- 
 felf up when he feels them come 
 near him and prick his Skin. 
 TIME. 
 
 By T'ljve is fometimes underftood 
 the Moiion of a Horfe who ob- 
 ferves Mer.fure and Juftnefs in the 
 Manage, or the Interval between 
 two of its Motions : and fometimes, 
 it fignifies the Effed of one of the 
 ^'\ds\ as, w^hen they fay fuch a 
 Hoifemnn difpofes his Horfe for 
 the EfFf (fls of the Heel, in beginning 
 with one Time of the Legs, and he 
 never runs precipitantly upon his 
 Legs. 
 
 TINCTURE. 
 
 Tin6lure is any Liquor faturated 
 Vv^ith Ingredients of any kind. 
 TIRED. 
 
 If a Horfe has been tired with a 
 Journey or Hunting, fome recom- 
 
 foliowina as the bed Re- 
 
 mend the 
 medy, v::^. to give him waroi 
 Ufine to drink, to let h'm blood in. 
 the Mouth, and to fufFer him to 
 lick up and fwallow the Blood ; 
 and to rub his Mouth and Sheath 
 well with Nettlesy and afterwards 
 to ride him gently to his Standing, 
 and having fet him up warm, be- 
 fore you go to Bed to give him fix 
 Spoonfuls of Ac^ua viu^ and as 
 much Provender as he will eat ; and 
 to rub his Legs the next Morning 
 with the 0/7 of Sheeps-feet^ which 
 will refrefh his Limbs, and make 
 him nimble again. 
 
 Others 
 
TO (43 
 
 O'hers advife to put '7. c ■^ v. und 
 pebble Stones in the Horfe's E.ir, 
 and to tie them faft m, :\nd the 
 noife of them will ni.-ke Iuti go : 
 or to tie ^ bunch c£ Penn'y-nyat to 
 his Bit, and it will keep him ft-om 
 tirinj. 
 
 Othes adviTe to giv^e the Horfe 
 an ounce of Sttony powder'd. :n'X- 
 ed with Ho77cy and Vhegar^ which 
 is very refreilrne. 
 
 TIT. See NAG. 
 TOBACCO. 
 
 Tobacco is good outwardly ap- 
 ply'd in ripening and drawing Tu- 
 mours, beini; laid to fteep in Oil, 
 and apply'd to the Pra-r. The 
 Smoak of Tobacco convey'd into a 
 Horfe's Fundament thro' a Pipe, is 
 good againft violent Cho'icks ; but 
 it is much better to give the De- 
 coftion of it by way of Ckfler: 
 The Ointment of it is good for 
 cleanfin^ Ulcers, and the Water in 
 which it has been fteeped is good 
 for the Mange. 
 
 TOE. 
 
 The Toe of a Ho fe is the Stay 
 of the Hough upon the fore part of 
 the Foot, comprehended between 
 the Quarters. 
 
 TONGUE. 
 
 The Aid of the Tongue is a fort 
 cf agreeable Clacking, or a certain 
 Sound which the Horfeman makes 
 fn flriking his Tonijue againil the 
 Roof of his Mouth, when he would 
 animate the Horfe and fuftain him, 
 and make him work well in the 
 Manage. 
 
 POR A HURT ON THE 
 TONGUE. 
 
 ' Boil Primrofe Leaves, Wood- 
 ' bine Leaves, Blacl(berry Leaves^ 
 
 * and Knotgrafs in Water, with 
 
 * Honey and a little Allufn ; and ha- 
 ' vin^ tied a Clout upon a String, 
 
 * wafii the Tongue with it 2 or 3 
 
 * times a day made lukewarm. Or^ 
 
 o > 
 
 T O 
 
 ' Put h2,f in onnce ci Annan 
 
 * into the F..a ?il! 't is red hot, 
 
 * then powder ; vev fine, ihen 
 
 * pat th's Powder into a pint of 
 
 * y/'h'u<-ii'ne and a faucer of Liia 
 
 * Honey -^ r<*t it on the Ffe v^jkt 
 
 * it boi'., and keep it {lit; in-^. th^n 
 
 * fet V by to cool, and Vvf}i the 
 
 * Ti'ngue with it Morning and 
 
 * Evening till it is we'l. 
 
 Anether, 
 ' Wafli the Wound with J-/tce 
 ' o^ CAardine 9 Days to^^ether, or 
 ' anomt it with Mel R fatum^ and 
 
 * after hisTm.U'" ha« been drefs'-', 
 ' tie him up the Rack for an Houi ; 
 
 * Or make an Omtment t f red 
 ' Honey ^ the ^. arrow of fo-' rler''d 
 
 * Pork, Quick Ltne and Ft,'per 
 powder'd and boi:'d toge her, 
 
 ' and with this Ointment anoint 
 ' the Part twice a day. 
 
 T O P I C K S. 
 
 Topkks are tbofe Medicines that 
 are made ufe of in outward Appli- 
 cations. 
 
 TORCHENESS. 
 
 A Torchenefi is a long Stick with 
 a hole at the end of it, thro' which 
 a ftrap of Leadier is : un, the 2 ends 
 of which being tied together, c'ofe- 
 ly ftraiten and tie up a Hoi(e*s 
 Nofe, as long as the Sfck is (laid 
 upon the Halter or Snaffle : The 
 ufe of it is to keep the Horfe 
 from being unruly while he is 
 drefs'd, ify': 
 
 TOR ME NT IL. 
 
 Tormentll or Set-foil, is of an 
 aftringent quali-.y, and the:e[orc 
 very good to ftay Fluxes of BJoad 
 or Humours : It is an Antidote 
 againft Poifon and Infe£f'on, and 
 expels Venom from the Heatr by 
 fweating. It is good for Ob- 
 ftrudions in the Liver to help the 
 Yeliovv's : it is an ex:eilent vulne- 
 rary Herb to be apply 'd to rotten 
 
 Sores 
 
T R 
 
 ( 431 ) 
 
 T R 
 
 So^es and Ulcers in any part of the 
 BoJy 
 
 it dilTolves hari Knots and Ker- 
 nels 3'^ where about the Body. 
 T R A G A C A NTH. 
 The b-^ft Traqacanrh or Dra^ant^ 
 is whiieand liaht ; it is -f a fmooth, 
 fo't, aggluiin.itingquaiitv^ and there- 
 fore v-^ry good ia all Diforders of 
 the Bre.ft. 
 
 It (iifloives fn W^ter, and is a 
 veiy proper Cement in Horfe-Balls 
 for D fluxions. Rheums and He- 
 morrh ige<. 
 
 TRAMEL. See AMBLE. 
 
 TRAMELLED. 
 They fay a Hori'e is travelled, 
 that has B.ares or white Marks .ipon 
 the fore an.^ hind Foot on one fide 5 
 as, fhe far Foot before and behind ; 
 The name is t?!:cn from the Re- 
 femblance of the white Foot to the 
 Hofes of tie half IravTcL 
 
 CROSS TRAMELLED. 
 A Horfe is fai'J to be crop tram- 
 mslhd that h^i^ whi-e M.^.iks in two 
 of his Fe€t, which ft -nd crofs-ways ; 
 as, in the far fere Foot and the 
 near hind Foot, and the conrrary. 
 TRANCHE FILE. 
 kTrar. otfile is the crofs Chain 
 of a Br'dle which runs' along tiie 
 Bit-mouth, from one Branch to the 
 other. 
 
 TRANSPIRATION. 
 T'anfpirution is a Breathing thro' 
 the Pores, the fame as Perfpira- 
 tioru 
 
 T R A Q^U E N A D E, See E N- 
 
 TREP ASc 
 
 TRAVERSE. 
 
 Some fay a Horfe traverfe?, when 
 
 he cuts his Trcr.d crofs-wife, and 
 
 throws his Croupe to one (ide, and 
 
 his Head to anofher. 
 
 TRAVICE. 
 A Tra-vi.e is a imali Endofure or 
 long fquaie Place, let up before a 
 
 F<irrier's Shop 5 being 4 Pofts or 
 Pillars joined together by crofs Bars 
 Poles, to keep a Horfe that is apt 
 to be unruly while he is ^o^ind^^c. 
 T R A U M A T I C K S" 
 Iratwiattd's are Medicines gi- 
 ven in cafe of Wounds, inward 
 Bruifes, or Sores. The fame as 
 Vulncr dries » 
 
 TREAD. See P I S T E. 
 
 HEART-T REf OIL. 
 He art -Trefoil is good to comfort 
 the Heart, and fortify it againft 
 Venom and Jnfe£lion. 
 
 MEADO^J^-TREFOIL. 
 Ade'^dciv-Tref/d, or Hon-^-fuckle^ 
 is a good Ingredient in a Poultice 
 for Inflammations and Swellings. 
 PEARL-TREFOIL. 
 Pcarl-Trefr.il h much like the 
 common ^ort, excepting that it h.is 
 i'l the Leaf a whire Spot like a 
 Pearl : It is very efncacious for the 
 Pin and Web in the F:ye, 
 
 TREPINGER. 
 This is a Word that is ufed of a 
 Horfe wh^n he bens the Dufl with 
 his fore Fee: in the Manage, without 
 embracing the Volt ; and of one 
 who ir.akes his Motions and Times 
 fiiorr, and near the Ground, with- 
 out being put upon his Haunches. 
 T R I D E. 
 Tride fignifiss fhort and fwift, as 
 a tride Pace is a going of fhort and 
 quick Motions, tho united and eafy : 
 A trids Carrser^ a h^ Gallop, with 
 IJhort and quick Motions. It \s a 
 Term ufed in the Academies. 
 TROCHES. See BALLS. 
 
 TROT. 
 A Trot is a Pdce or Going of a 
 Horfe ; The Motion of it is thus ; 
 2 Legs in the Air and 2 upon the 
 Ground crofs-wife, and continuing 
 fo nlternstely to r^ife the hind Leg 
 of one nde and the fore Leg of the 
 Other fide at once, leaving the other 
 " • ^ hind 
 
TU (43 
 
 hind and fore Leg upon the Ground, 
 till the former come down. 
 
 In this Motion the nearer the 
 Horfe takes his Limbs from the 
 Ground, the opener, the evener, 
 and the fhorter his Pace will be ; if 
 be takes up his Feet flovenly, it is a 
 fign of Stumbling and Lamenefs j 
 if he tread narrow or crofs, it be- 
 tokens interfering or failing ; if he 
 tread long, it fhews over-reaching 5 
 if he ftep uneven, it befpeaks Toil 
 and Wearinefs. 
 
 TROUSSEQ^UEVE. SeeSA- 
 
 KER or DECK. 
 
 T R O U S S E C^IT I N. 
 
 A Trouffequin is a piece of Wood 
 that \s cut arch'd wife, rais'd above 
 the hinder Bow of a great Saddle, 
 ferving to keep the Bolfters firm, 
 
 T R O U T-C O L O U R'D. 
 
 A Horfe \s call'd Trout-coloured^ 
 when he is white, and fpeckled 
 with Spots of Black, Bay, or Sorrel, 
 efpecially about the Head and 
 Neck. 
 
 TRUNCHEONS. 
 
 Truncheons are a fort of thick 
 fhort Worms, that are bred in the 
 Guts and Bowels of Horfes. For 
 the Cure of them fee Bots in Let- 
 ter B, 
 
 TRUSS'D. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to be well trufs^d^ 
 that has his Thighs large, and pro- 
 portion'd to the roundnefs of his 
 Croupe. 
 
 TUMOURS. 
 
 Tumours are Elevations or Rf- 
 fings in fome part of an animal 
 Body into preternatural Swellings. 
 
 Ho-ju caufed. When the Blood 
 or Juices happen to be very much 
 obftrufted in the fmall VelTels of 
 any Part, that Part will be ex- 
 tended beyond its ufual Dimenfions; 
 efpecially there being a continual 
 Influx and Succefllon of the fame 
 Fluid from behind. And thefe Ob- 
 
 2 ) T u 
 
 ftrudlions are alfb caus'd either by 
 the quantity or quality of the faid 
 Fluid, by which it prefles and ex- 
 tends one Part more than another. 
 Alfo if any Part is hurt or vveaken'd 
 by outward Accidents, and is there- 
 by weakened and made unable to 
 make Refiftance equal to the found 
 Parts, it will in time receive fuch a 
 quantity of Fluid as will caufe it to 
 rife into a Tumour. 
 
 The Kinds. Tumours may be 
 diftinguifh'd into natural and ency- 
 Jied. Natural Tumours are all Boils 
 and inflam'd Swellings, and whatfo- 
 ever Tumours are formed origi- 
 nally by the Fluids diftending their 
 proper Veffeis. 
 
 Encyjied Tumours are fuch as are 
 found within membranous Cyfts 
 or Bags; as, Anbury s, fome fort 
 of ¥igs^ Wens, and othvr Excref- 
 cenfes which grow on the external 
 Parts of the Bodies of Horfes. 
 
 When Tumours are feated in any 
 Part where there is no great depth 
 of Flelh, as on the Nofe, and upper 
 part of the Face, or upon the Skin 
 or flefhy Pannicle, free from the 
 fubjacent Mufcles, they do nor or- 
 dinarily grow large, becaufe there is 
 no fufficient Source for their In- 
 creafe ; yet when there is a con- 
 tinual Addition of frefh Matter, 
 fome, that are very fuperficially 
 feated, will grow pretry large. 
 
 Thofe Tumours or Boils that are 
 feated in the flefhy or mufcular 
 Parts, as they caufe violent Pain by 
 extendmg the Veflels and Fibres, 
 and the Pain caufes a confiderable 
 Afflux of Matter, fuch Swellings 
 muft of confequence have a fpeedy 
 Iflue and Determination, by the 
 burfling or opening of the faid VeH- 
 fels; and by reafon of its cutting ofF 
 the Communication of the Blood in 
 thofe Parts, it will become a run- 
 ning 
 
T U 
 
 C435 ; 
 
 T U 
 
 ning Sore, till the Parts which were 
 torn and disjoin'd are reunited. 
 
 The Matter of Tumours, The 
 Matter is various, according to the 
 various Difpofition oF Horfes, and 
 according; to their different Situa- 
 tion ; when they are oiuwara and 
 fuperficial, then ihe Matter will, for 
 the moft parr, be dry and vilcid ; 
 for by reafon of ns nearness to the 
 Skin, the thinner Parts will be more 
 eafiiy evaporated and earned off 
 thro' the Pores ; tho in Horfes of 
 Conftitutions that are very moift, 
 the Matter will fometimes be moill:. 
 That Matter which is deriv'd froxn 
 Membranes and Sinews, is for the 
 moft part thin and vifcid. But that 
 Matter which is deriv'd more imme- 
 diately from the Blood, will be of 
 a middle nature, neither very thick 
 nor very thin, neither very watery 
 nor very vifcid : if the Horfe be in 
 a good State of Health, the Zvlatter 
 that \s derived from the Bones will 
 be oily and ftinking. 
 
 As to the Colour of the Matter, 
 that depends upon the Difpofition of 
 the Blood. If the Blood abounds 
 with Choler or Gall, the Marter 
 will be yellow, and according as 
 that abounds more or lefs, it will 
 be more or lefs yellow. If there 
 happens to be a too great Secretion 
 of the Gall, then the Matter will 
 be whiter than ordinary ; and when 
 the Blood abounds with earthy 
 Parts, or when thefe are eafiiy fepa- 
 rated, the Matter will be of a foul 
 duskifli Colour, and fometimes be 
 (treaked with black Blood, and the 
 Tumour will look livid and of a 
 lead Colour : So that the M.iiter 
 and Complexion of all Tumours 
 will be of different Colours, ac- 
 cordinsT to the different Combi- 
 nation of Humours. 
 
 The Cure. A Tumour that comes 
 by any outward Accident, can only 
 
 be dangerous, as the Accident has 
 been more or ItCs violent ; but if 
 there be a Redundancy of Bloody 
 the lead Accident may become very 
 troublefome. 
 
 If there be a Redundancy, that is 
 to be leffen'd by Bleeding and other 
 Evacuations, according as the Horfe 
 is in heart : But '\i he be low, and 
 labours under fome wafting Diftera-' 
 per, then befldes outward Applica- 
 tion;?, there muft be fuch as are pro- 
 per to remove the Indifpofition, 
 
 As to external Tumours, they 
 are to be ripenM and difcufs'd ; 
 thofe that are hard, without Heat ; 
 and Inflammations muft be treated 
 chiefly with internal Remedies, tbac 
 are efficacious in opening Obftruc- 
 tions ; but muft at the fame time be 
 aflifted with fuch external Means 
 as are proper to difcufs and dif- 
 folve. 
 
 Thofe Tumours that are hot and 
 inflam'd, muft be ripen'd, except 
 thevare feated, where they may oc- 
 cafion too great a Derivation of 
 Plumoiirs ; as, the Sheaih, Funda- 
 ment, Throat, ctt. 
 
 As to internal Tumours and Im- 
 pofthumations, the beft Methods that 
 can be ta^en with them, is by way 
 of Revulfion, by Bleeding and 
 Purging, and efpecially with thofe 
 Medicines that are good to promote 
 Sweat, and leflen Pain and Inflam- 
 mation. 
 
 Tumours that have their Seat 
 near the Infterftices of fome large 
 Mufles, ought to be laid open as 
 there is Matter form'd within them ; 
 or elfe the Matter being detain'd, 
 may fcpara-e the Mufcles, and there 
 make a Lodgment : and by how 
 niu:h the Kinder it is before they are 
 open'd, by fo much the larger will 
 the Abfceffes be. See Swellings, 
 Impofthumaiicns, Abfceffes, zsrc. 
 
 Ff 
 
 TUR. 
 
T U 
 
 (4?4 ) 
 
 T U 
 
 T U R B I T H. 
 
 Turhith-Root purges grofs vifcid 
 Phlegm from the Brain and Breaft ; 
 it fcours the Glands, and is good 
 in the moft obftinate chronical Di- 
 ftempers, fuch as the Yellov/s, 
 Dropfy, ^c, 
 
 TURGESCENCE. 
 
 Turgefcent§ is a Swelhng, or an 
 over Fullnefs. 
 
 TURMERICK. 
 
 Turmerici^'xs an opening, difcuf- 
 fjve, and powerful Medicine in the 
 Yellows, and all Diftempers of the 
 Liver and Spleen. 
 
 TURN. 
 
 Riding Mafters ufually fay turn^ 
 when they direft their Scholars to 
 change their Hands, 
 
 TURNSOLE. 
 
 TurnfoUy or Hel'iotropiwm^ is good 
 to purge Choler and Phlegm ; the 
 Herb bruifed, and laid to anyjoinr, 
 afflided with an old Pain, taketh it 
 away ; and the Juice is good to dif- 
 folve hard Knobs and Kernels in 
 the Flefh. 
 
 TURPENTINE.. 
 
 Turpentine is a fort of Balfam 
 produc'd from the Larch-tree, which 
 is a kind of Fir or Pine, and, for 
 the moft parr, comes to us from 
 Strasbnrg or Vehice : It draws, in- 
 carnates, and conglutinates. It \s 
 good in outward Ulcers, and has an 
 extraordinary deterlTve Qiiality in 
 cleanfing the Reinal Pillages j \s 
 good for the Mattering of the 
 Yard, being made up in Balls with 
 Tlouer zr\d Sole Armoniack : The 
 Oil \s alfo of a deterfive and clean- 
 ing Quality, and is good in the 
 fame Cafes as the TAr^entine. it 
 felt. 
 
 There are alfo two other forts 
 from Cyprus and Chwy which are 
 both from the Turpentine- tree, and 
 are more aftringent than thofe from 
 the Larch-tree: They are all good 
 to heal Ulcers inwardly. 
 TUSHES. 
 
 The Tufl)ei are thofe four Teeth 
 of a Horle that are feated upon the 
 Bnrs beyond the Corner-teeth, where 
 (about the Age of three and a hal^ 
 and fometimes 4 Years) they fhoot 
 forth on each fide of the Jaws, 
 two above and two below, and 
 no Foalteeth ever come forth 
 in the Place where they grow. 
 TUTSAN. 
 
 Tutfan, or Park-leaves^ have? 
 much the fame Qualitys as St,Peter*S' 
 ivort ; it purges Humours, is good 
 for burns, and is a good Wound- 
 herb, apply'd either inwardly or 
 outwardly. 
 
 TUTTY. 
 
 Tutty is very drying, and the 
 Ointment is good to dry up and 
 cicatrize Wounds and Ulcers 5 and 
 the Powder blown into the Eyes, 
 being mixed with other milder 
 Powders, is good to dry up Rheums 
 and Inflammations, 
 
 TWIST. 
 
 The Twijl is the infide or flat 
 part of a Man^ Thigh, upon which 
 a true Horfeman refts when oa 
 Horfebaclc. 
 
 To twifl a Horfe, is to violent- 
 ly wring or twift his Tefticles, twice 
 about, which caufes them to dry up, 
 and deprives them of Nourifhment, 
 and reduces the Horfe to the fame 
 State of Impotency with a Geld- 
 
V E 
 
 (Ain 
 
 V E 
 
 m^m^'^^^mc^^^W^ '^ME^^m^WMM^ 
 
 VALERIAN. 
 
 VAlerian is accounted a great 
 Strengthner of the Nerves, 
 and therefore is good in Fevers and 
 convulsive Cafes, and, the Staggers. 
 The v;?ild is moftly ufed. It pro- 
 vokes Urine, and being dried, helps 
 the Strangury ; It is aifo good for 
 Shortwindednefs ; it heals inward or 
 outward Sores and Wounds. 
 VALET. 
 
 A Valet is a Stick having a blunt- 
 ed Point of Iron at one end, to 
 prick and aid a leaping Horfe. 
 VALVE S. 
 
 Valves are little thin Membranes 
 in the Veins, and feme other Vef- 
 fe!s, like a fort of folding Doors, 
 to prevent any Fluid from flowing 
 back the fame way it came. 
 V A R I S S E. 
 
 A Varijfe is a dilated Vein, thnt 
 fwells by a degorging of the great 
 Vein which is in that Part of 
 the Ham where there is ^ Bone 
 that is a little diftant from the 
 Curb. 
 
 VAULT. 
 
 To vault a Shoe, is to forge it 
 hollow for fuch Horfes as have hioh 
 and round Soles, that the Shoe may 
 not bear upon the Sole, that is 
 higher than the Houch. 
 VEIN. 
 
 The Veins are only a Continua- 
 tion of the extreme cnpiilary Arte- 
 ries, reflefted back aj^ain towards 
 the Heart, and uniting their Chan- 
 nels as they approach ir, till at laft 
 they all form three large Veins, tlie 
 Cava Defcendens^ which brings the 
 
 Blood back from all the Parts above 
 the Heart ^ the Cava Afcendens, 
 which brings the Blood from all 
 the Parts below the Heart ; and the 
 Porta^ which carries the Blood to 
 the Liver. 
 
 The Veins and Arteries are the 
 Conduits and Pipes thro' which the 
 Blood pafTes. The Arteries are the 
 VefTels which carry the Blood from 
 the Heart to the Extremities, and 
 the Veins are the Channels which car- 
 ry back that Portion of it, which is 
 more than lufficient for the Nourifh- 
 ment of the particular Members. 
 
 The Coats of the Veins are the 
 fame with thofe of the Arteries, ex- 
 cept that the mufcular Coat is as 
 thin in all the Veinr, as it is in the 
 capillary Arteries, the PrefTure of 
 the Blood againft the fides of the 
 Veins being lefs than thai againft 
 the fides of the Arteries. 
 
 In the Veins there is fio Pulfe, 
 becaufe the Blood is thrown mto 
 them in a continued Stream, and 
 becaufe ir moves from a narrower 
 Channel to a wider. 
 
 OF TAKING UP VEINS. 
 
 All the Veins, except the Neck* 
 Veins, Thigh- Veins, the Breaft- 
 Vein?, the Palate- Veins and the 
 Spur-Veins, are to bs taken up, and 
 not ftricken with a Fleam; becaufe 
 they are fo fmall and thin, that in 
 finking them there is danger of 
 ftriking them thro' ; or becaufe 
 they are fo near adjoin'ng to Ar- 
 teries and Sinews, that if the latter 
 fhould be prick'd, it would lame the 
 Horfe. 
 
 If 2 
 
 Th$ 
 
V E ( 4?5 ) V E 
 
 The Manner of taking up a Vein, of the Skin with Turpentine and 
 
 Firft you are to caft the Horfe 
 upon fome foft place, then having 
 found the Vein you would take up ; 
 which if it be cither fo fmall, or lie 
 fo deep that you can hardly find it, 
 then rub, chafe and bathe the Part 
 whereabouts the Vein lies with warm 
 Water •, and if it be a Vein upon 
 the Body or Breaft, gird him very 
 tight with a Surcingle, clofe behind 
 the hinder Point of the Shoulder, 
 or within a handful of the Vein that 
 is to be taken up, and the Vein will 
 rife prcfently. Then mark the Skin 
 that covers the Vein, and pull ic 
 afide from the Vein with your Finger 
 and Thumb, then with an Incifion- 
 knife flit the Skin quite thro' long- 
 ways as the Vein goes, an Inch in 
 length, but do not touch the Vein ; 
 taking care to cut no deeper than 
 the Skin. Then take off your Fin- 
 ger and Thumb, and the Skin will 
 return to its place again over the 
 Vein, fo that when you open the 
 Orifice of the Skin, you will fee the 
 Vein very plain. Then thruft a fine 
 Cornet under the Vein, and lift it 
 up above the Skin, and then loofen 
 the Surcingle ; but take care in ta- 
 king up the Vein not to touf b the 
 Sinews. 
 
 Having thus taken up the Vdny 
 and having a red Silk or Shoemakei's 
 Thread dipp'd in Oil, put it under 
 the Vein a little higher than the 
 Cornet. Then flit the upper part 
 of the Vein long-way?, a Barley- 
 Corn's length, ihar it may bleed, 
 and flop the lower part of the Vein 
 with the Silk, c^c. tha: ft may 
 bleed from the upper part. Then 
 remove the Silk, cs^c. above, and 
 tie it that it may bieed only fi-om be- 
 neath J and when it hath bled fufli- 
 ciently, tie the Vein beneath the Siit 
 in a fad Knot, then fill the Hole 
 with Salt, and heal up the Wound 
 
 Hog's Greafe melted together, with 
 a little frefli Butter, laid on with Flax 
 or Tow. 
 
 But if you would take up a Vein 
 in a Horfe's Leg, garter the Mem- 
 ber very ftrait with a Gaiter, a hand- 
 ful or two above the Vein, and 
 proceed as before. 
 
 THE aSE OF OPENING 
 VEINS. 
 
 It is ufual to let Blood in the 
 two Flank or Haunch-Veins for 
 all kinds of Fevers, Poverty, the 
 Felter-worm, and Stones. 
 
 The two Neck-Veins are ufually 
 open'd for Colds, Farcins, Fevers, 
 Manges, Staggers, Surfeits, or any 
 other Malady that may be hurtful to 
 the Body. 
 
 The two Palate-Veins in the 
 Mouth are ufually opened to cure 
 the Anticor, Drowfinefs, Inflam- 
 mations, Kernels, Lampas, Pufl:les, 
 Quinfeys, Surfeits, Tirednefs. 
 
 The two Plat-Veins are open'd 
 to help the Anticor, Foundring in 
 Body, Morfounding, and to pre- 
 vent Difeafes in the Liver, Lungs, 
 and inward Parts ; and alfo for 
 Hurts in the Shoulder, which caufe 
 Lamenefs before. 
 
 The four Shackle-Veins before are 
 opened for the Crown-Scab, 
 Rina-Bone, and fuch like Difeafes. 
 
 The four Shackle-Veins behind 
 are open'd behind for Foundrings, 
 and other Pains about the Feer. 
 
 The Spur- Veins are opened for 
 the Farcin in the Sides, the Feltrickj 
 Morfounding, and the like. 
 
 The two Tail-Veins are opened 
 for the Cure of the Irch, Mange, 
 or Falling off of the Hair. 
 
 The two Temple- Veins are open- 
 ed to eafe the Pain in the Head, 
 that proceeds from Colds, Faliing- 
 Evil, Fevers, Pieiizy, Sleepy Evils, 
 S;a<i«ers, 
 
V E ( 437 
 
 Staggers, Yellows, and any Malady 
 about the Brain or Eyes. 
 
 The two thigh Veins before, 
 are opened to help foundering in 
 the Fore-feet, Malenders, Ring- 
 bone, Shrew, Splint, and fuch like In- 
 firmities. 
 
 The two thigh Veins behind, 
 are opened for Foundering, Kibes, 
 Griefs of the Kidneys, Swel- 
 lings in the hinder Legs, Scratches, 
 Selanders, ^c, Alfo for Difeafes 
 about the Belly, as piiling often af- 
 ter exceffive Labour, the Curb, pif- 
 fing Blood, Difeafes of the Back, 
 Belly, Guts, Reins, or any other 
 Difeafes of the inward Pans, and 
 the Spavin, and thofe Difeafes that 
 proceed from the Ranknefs of 
 the Blood. 
 
 The toe Veins are opened 
 for beating of the Horfe's Feet by 
 travelling upon hard and ftony 
 Ways, Foundering, Hoof-bound, 
 and fuch like Infirmities. 
 
 The weeping V^ns, or two 
 Eye-veins, are evened for healing 
 thofe Difeafes that the Eyes are fub- 
 je£t to, as Blood-Qiotten, Haw, Pin 
 and Web, watery and weeping Eyes, 
 
 N. B, The Veins in the Fore-legs, 
 fhould not be taken up without the 
 moft urgenc NecefTuy, becaufe no- 
 thing will make a Horfe ftifF and 
 lame fooner. 
 
 For a Vein that fivells on letting of 
 Blood, 
 
 Ifthe Wind gets in upon letting 
 of Blood, the Vein will fvvell, or 
 when a Fleam mifcarries : For the 
 Cure of which, boil white Pitch, 
 black Pitch and Rofin, of each equal 
 Quantities together, and lay it on all 
 over the fwell'd Parr, with a flat 
 Stick, and clap Flocks on it, and it 
 will take dov/n the Sv,'elling in 4 or 
 «5 Days. It may be repeated if once 
 be not fufficienr. Or you may a- 
 
 ) V E 
 
 noint It with Soap and Brandy, or 
 Oil of Populeon. If a Vein fwells 
 becaufe of the Smallnefs of the Ori- 
 fice, (which happens when a Horfe 
 is ftruck with a Fleam that is too nar- 
 row in the Shoulders) daub it with 
 a wet linen Cloth, and it will bring 
 it down immediately. 
 
 VENOM. 
 
 The Wounds which are made by 
 the Biting of venomous Beafts, are 
 often mortal ; for the Poifon which 
 is communicated to the Blood, cau- 
 fes a Ipeedy Rarefaftion, which is 
 followed by a fudden Stagnation, 
 and puts the whole Body into an im- 
 mediate Diforder. 
 
 The Sign:. The Part which Is 
 wounded fwells, being inflamed, and 
 becomes of a livid Colour, and it 
 makes its Progrefs quicker than any 
 Gangrene. 
 
 The Cure. * Take Catamint, the 
 « Grains of Wheat and Yarrow, 
 ' and make them into a Salve, and 
 
 * lay it to the Sore, and it will heal 
 « the Bites of a mad Dog, Tufhes 
 
 * of a Boar, o'cJ* 
 
 Another, 
 * Stamp a handful of Rue with 
 ' the Fatofrufty Bacon, till it comes 
 < to be a Salve, anoint the Sore with 
 ' it till it is whole. Or, 
 // a Horfe has eaten any venomous 
 Thing, 
 ' Give him the Juice of Sage Mor- 
 
 * ning and Evening, in Wine or 
 « Ale, and if he is venomed out- 
 ' wardly, bruife the Sage and apply 
 ' it to the Part affefted twice a day, 
 ' and it will take out the Venom. 
 Or, 
 
 If the Horfe has drunk or eaten 
 any venomous Thing, take Sow- 
 thiftles, dry them and powder them, 
 and give him 3 fpoonfuls in a Pint 
 of Ale. 
 
 You may know if he has fo done, 
 
 by his pantingjfwelling and fcouring. 
 
 FT 3 Some 
 
V I 
 
 ^43 
 
 Some apply Garlicl^, Onions and 
 Bd'j-faU ftampM together, to an 
 Ointment : Others Ptckled-herr'mgSy 
 Mujiurd feedy black Soap^ Rue 
 ftamp'd, Deers-fuet and Bears- 
 greafe : and others do nothing but 
 apply P'enice Treacle or M'nhridate^ 
 over the Wound. 
 
 Some immediately give the Fire, 
 or cut out the Bit that was wounded, 
 but thefe Operations are not to be 
 allowed of, but when the Wound is 
 made in a flefhy P^rr, that is free 
 fi'om Nerves and Sinews. 
 
 But when the Venom has once 
 got into the Blood, the main of the 
 Cure muft be efFeded by inward 
 Means, while Applications are alfo 
 made outwardly ; and it will be 
 \ery proper to make ufe of the fame 
 Remedies prcfcrib'd for peftilential 
 Fever?. 
 
 IfaHorfebe bit by an Adder, 
 Tome recommend the ufe of Adders- 
 fat, with which the Viper- Catchers ufe 
 anoint the wounded Part, and 
 hss been prov'd to be a certain 
 Cure ; but that is too dear for 
 Horfes. A Horfe of great value, 
 miaht have a Dofe of 2 or ^ ounces 
 of Vipers Flefh in Powder given 
 him in a Pint of Canary and feveral 
 times repeated, which is very good. 
 VERDEGREASE. 
 
 Is the Ruft of Copper made with 
 the Preffings of Grapes. It h 
 ufed in Ointments to cleanfe all foul 
 Sores to make them incarnate, 
 VE RJ cue E. 
 
 Verjuice is the Juice of Crab?, is 
 ufedinftead of Vinegar, and is better 
 than that which \s made of Ale. 
 V£ RV A 1 N. 
 
 Vervain is a Herb of a very 
 deteifive and cleanfing Quality, 
 and h accounted good in all 
 Obdriiclions of the l.iver. Spleen 
 and other Vifcera, as the. Yellow?, 
 fhortnels of Breath ; and is ufed in 
 form of a Catapiafm^ to take away 
 
 8 ) VI 
 
 violent Pains and StifTnefs in the 
 Joints. It heals Wounds inward 
 and outward. It flowers in ^««« 
 and July, 
 
 VESSIGNON. 
 
 A Vejfignon is a Windgall or foft 
 
 Swelling on the Infide of a Horfe's 
 
 Hough, as well as the outfide, /. e. 
 
 both on the ri^ht and the left of it. 
 
 vIgour. 
 
 TrueVigour and Mettle in Horfes, 
 is not a Fierynefs or immoderate 
 Defjre to go forwards, fo that they 
 will fret, trample, dance, and 
 put themfelves into a Sweat by the 
 Defire they have to gallop, not 
 having patience to futfer any Horfe 
 to go befoie them ; but ic confifts 
 in being very fenfibie and fearing 
 the Spurs, in being a little cold in 
 their A(fl:ions,and in not having more 
 of this forvvardncfs than the R-ders 
 would have them. He is one that 
 is calm and cool, goes patiently, 
 not difcovering his Mettle but when 
 recjuired. 
 
 VIPERS FAT. 
 
 Vip:rs fat is very good for the 
 Cure of venomous Bites, and if ufed 
 immediately is inf.illible. It is the 
 moft volatile and penerrating of all 
 other Fat?. 
 
 VIPERS-GRASS. 
 
 Viters-^rafi is j^ood a'j^ainft the 
 Plague, and Poifon of venomous 
 Beafts. 
 
 VIPERS-BUGLOSS. 
 
 Vipers- Buglofs is good againft the 
 B'tings of venomous Beafts, and 
 Poifon. The Roots are good to 
 comfort the Heart, temper the 
 B!ood,and allay the hot Fits of Agues. 
 VITAL. 
 
 Vital Faculty is that whereby the 
 Heart and Arteries bear, and keep 
 on the due Motion of the Blood. 
 VITRIOL. 
 
 Vitriol is diftinguifiied into 6 
 fort?, according to the Place from 
 whence it comes, as the Ddntzick^ 
 
 the 
 
VI ( 4?P ) ^ ^ . . 
 
 ihtEngUfl}, the German, the H««- away fome Blood jVom^ his hinder 
 
 gariany the Roman, and the white. 
 The Hungarian and Dantz,ick are 
 green, but of a deeper green than 
 the Englifl} Copperas, and the Ro- 
 man is of a blue Colour ; the Qua- 
 lities of all the forts are pretty near 
 alike ; but there is fome difference 
 in the Degree of them, thewhice 
 and Roman are mod in ufe. 
 
 The Roman is good to ftop He- 
 morrhages of Blood, and to take a- 
 way fuperfluous FleQi. The white 
 is accounted good to kill Worms in 
 Horfes ; and fome fay that the green 
 and white may be taken inwardly, 
 with other Things for the Farcin ; 
 and being apply'd ouiwardiy, helps 
 to take away Wens and hard Ker- 
 nels, or a Qui:t€r-bone or Splent. 
 V IVES. 
 
 Defcription. The Vives is much 
 like the Strangles ; the ch.'ef Xiiffe- 
 Mnce is^ That for the moft part the 
 Strangles happen to Colts and young 
 Horfes while they are at grafs, by 
 feeding with their Heads down- 
 wards, by which means the Swelling 
 inclines more to the Jaws ; but the 
 Vives happens to Hoifesat any A.ge 
 and Time, and is more par:icu!ariy 
 feated in the Glands and Kernels un- 
 der the Ears. 
 
 The Caufs, This Difeafe pro- 
 ceeds chiefly from Cold, and what- 
 foever are the Caufes of Colds in 
 Horfes, as drinking cold Water when 
 hot, coolinj; too foon after hard 
 Riding, riding in Fogs by Night, 
 
 the Signs, There will be cut- 
 ward Swellings, which when the In- 
 flammation is great, will make the 
 Horfe reftlefs, and fometimes feve- 
 rifh j he will lie down and flart up 
 again immediately, not being eafy 
 in any Pofture. 
 
 The Cure. If the Horfe be in vio- 
 lent Pain, it may be proper to take 
 
 Parts, to make a Revulfion. And 
 becaufe it is common for Horfes to 
 
 be cofti 
 
 in this Cife it will be 
 proper after bleeding, to keep his 
 Body open with thofe Clyfters that 
 are direded for the Strangles, giving 
 them once or twice a day, fo (ong 
 as the Horfe is in violent Pain. 
 * Give him warm Water fweet- 
 
 * ned with Liquorice, and made 
 
 < acid with Sa! Prunellx, or purified 
 « Nitre or Salt Pet re. Or, 
 
 ' Boil a handful of Oatmeat in 
 ' his Water, and put in alfo 2 oun- 
 « ces of Whiie-tartar powdered, 
 ' and half an ounce of crude Sal-ar- 
 
 < moniack diffolv'd in warm Water, 
 « and having mx'd them, give it the 
 
 • Horfe for his Diink.' 
 
 You may alfo ufe the fame Medir- 
 cines as are direded for the Strangles,. 
 
 if the Kernels continue hard and 
 fweli'd wiihoui Inflammation, thefe 
 may be cut off, fo that the Branches 
 of the juaulni Artery are not hurt. 
 And if tneT-e be nn Effufion of Siood 
 from the fmaller Branches, that may 
 be ftop'd by fearing with an Iroa 
 moderately heated. 
 
 But if they appear fo as that they 
 may be difcuffed, then it will be pro- 
 
 per to app^y t 
 
 he Plafter prefcribM for 
 
 the Scrang!es 
 
 all over the Kernels. 
 yi nor her Kerned^. 
 < Take a fufficient quantity of 
 ' Bay fall and ^ranklncenfe powde- 
 
 < red, Hog-greafe dry'd and Tary 
 « nieit them together, and with a 
 ' Clone faftened to a S-ick lay them 
 ' on fcaldmg hot to the Place ; re- 
 
 * pear this 4. or 5 Mornings fuccef- 
 ' fively, till the Parts nre fofc and 
 
 < ripe', then make an Incifion, let 
 ' out tSe Corruption, and heal up 
 
 * the Wound with Hogi-greafa and 
 ' Verdegrcafe powdered and melted 
 
 < tooethe.-, bJt not boil'd above a 
 
 < Wauim or two ; then add fome 
 
 Ff 4. Tur- 
 
U L 
 
 ( 440 ) 
 
 U L 
 
 * Turpentine, and keep it ftiiring 
 
 * till it is cold, and anoint the Soie 
 « with this till it is well. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Pound a handful of B.ue, take 
 
 < the Juice, and 2 fpoonfuls of Vi- 
 
 * negar,one fpoonful of Hogs-grenfe^ 
 
 * and a pennyworth of Pepper pow- 
 
 < dered, mix them well, and put 
 
 * part in one Ear and part in the o- 
 <■ ther, and tie or ftiich them up, 
 
 < fhaking his Ears that the Medicine 
 ' may fink down, and afterwards 
 ' let the Horfe blood in the Neck, 
 
 * and Temple- veins.' 
 
 Another. 
 
 * Let the Horfe blood on both 
 
 < fides the Neck-veins, then (ear the 
 
 < Swelling with a fmall hot Iron, 
 
 < from the Root of the Ear down to 
 « the bottom of :t, till the Skin look 
 
 < yellow, the feni'ing; Iron fhould be 
 
 * in form fomeihin^ like an Arrovv- 
 « head, with 3 fmall Lines on each 
 
 < fide. When you have (it:{\td ir, 
 
 < anoin'. the Swelling wi:h a l-ttle 
 « Butter or Hogs-pveafe.' 
 
 ULCERS. 
 
 Vlcen are all forts of Sores, in 
 which there is any bad Qu.^lity ingen- 
 dred, fo that they hinder the Parts 
 from reunitin'j;. 
 
 Vijftrent Kir.ds, Some are callM 
 fuperficial Ulcers -, ihey are fuch as 
 only appear on the outward Parts. 
 Of thefe fome are foft underneath, 
 and crufted over above,and are called 
 Futridy becaufe they fend forth a 
 cadaverous Smell, like Carrion. O- 
 thers are fui^2,ous and have hard Ex- 
 crefcences, vvhich appear with difl'e- 
 rent Afpefts. The Edges of fome 
 are hard and fcirrhous j the Bortoms 
 of them being of a duskifh or livid 
 Colour, full of fmall PapiUx and 
 UnevennefTe-r. Oiher.' are called a- 
 Vernous or fiftuious Ulcers, and ihtj 
 are fuch as are hollow and deep, and 
 l:r;)ad at :he Boiicm, having a nar- 
 
 row and fmall Orifice, and are full 
 of little Holes at the Bottom, from 
 whence virulent corrofive Matter if- 
 fues forth. 
 
 The fiflulous Ulcers, are fuch 
 whofe Holes are ftrait and deep, 
 their Sides callous and hard, and 
 fend forth Matter that is fome times 
 corrofive and fometimes nor. 
 
 Obfervations on Ulcers. A fuper- 
 ficial Ulcer is not fo dangerous as a 
 deep one, becaufe it may be more 
 eafily come at to be cur'd by manu- 
 al Operation. 
 
 An Ulcer, that proceeds from a 
 Malignity in the Blood or any ill Ha- 
 bit, is more dangerous than one that 
 does not. 
 
 Ulcers that proceed from Abfcef- 
 fes in the Hips, Loins, and under 
 the Blade-bone of the Shoulders, and 
 in the Joints, and that have Commu- 
 nicacion with the Bone, are very 
 djfKcult to be cured, in is much as 
 they lie out of reach. 
 
 Ulcers in the Legs and dependent 
 Parts, are difficult to be cured in as 
 much as they become the Sink and 
 Drain of all the Humours ; Ulcers 
 in the Liver, Lun^s and inward 
 Parts, are hard to cure, and fre- 
 quently prove mortal. 
 
 The Cure. Thofe Ulcers that are 
 within the reach of an Operation, 
 ought to be laid open ; and care 
 ought to be taken in the Operation, 
 not to divide the large VeflTels, fo as 
 to cnufe a great Eftudon of Blood, 
 and other inconveniences that may 
 follow the cutting the nervous and 
 fenfible P.irts. And after Incifion 
 h.is been made, they are to be treat- 
 ed as frefh Wounds ; but with this 
 Difference, That inftead of clofing 
 the fides of the Wound again, they 
 are to be kept open by Dofiils of 
 Fi.--x dip'd in ftyptick Water, at the 
 fiift Drefiing, and afterwards with 
 iome proper Digcfiive, that there 
 
 I 
 
U L 
 
 ( 44» ) 
 
 V O 
 
 may be room to fill up the vacant 
 rpace with a growth of good Flefli. 
 To cure an old Ulcer. 
 ' Take Brim/lone, Cloves^ green 
 
 * Copperas and Maflkl^t of each e- 
 ' qual Quantities • M^rrh double 
 ' the quantity of any one of the o- 
 
 * ther : Reduce them to powder, 
 ' and burn them on a chafing Difh 
 ' of Coals, but do not fuffer it to 
 ^ flame ; and as the Smoke is rifing, 
 ' hold a handful of Lint or fine 
 ' Hurds in the Smoke, to receive 
 ' as much of it as can be. Put the 
 ' Lint into a clofe Eox, and keep 
 
 * it for ufe. When you ufe \x^ wafh 
 ' the Ulcer firft with warm Urine or 
 
 * Vinegar, and having dry'd it, lay 
 ' fome of this Lint or Hurds upon 
 •• ir. Repeat this twice a day/ This 
 h recommended as a fpeedy and 
 infalh'ble Cure. 
 
 As for Ulcers that proceed from 
 an old deep Wound, ' Injed into 
 ^ them the Decoctions of Birth- 
 
 * worty Briony, Flower de-luce, &c, 
 ' with one third Part of Spirit of 
 
 < Wif7e or rectified Oil of Turpentine 
 
 < mixt with Hjmy of Rofes, or com- 
 
 * mon Honey, 
 
 If the Bones are foul, which you 
 may know by the Thinnefs or Stink 
 of the Corruption ; then fometimes 
 inje<ft a Tincture drawn from Aloes^ 
 Cinnamon, Frankince/^fe, Myrrh 
 Saffron, and in fome Cafes, a Tinc- 
 ture made wiih Euphorbium, will 
 be necefiary. You may alfo put in 
 Pledgets of Flax dip'd in the Liquor, 
 or fome other good Digeftive. 
 Warm and apply a flicking Plafter 
 over the Drefling. 
 
 If there be in the Part a bad ulce- 
 rous DirpoHtion, then the Ufe of 
 cleanfing Oinmienis wi^l be very 
 proper, fuchas BafiUcn'/n luix'd with 
 red Precipitate or yE^yptiacum, 
 
 As for Uicers in the Nofe, Legs, 
 i'Vjn^s or o:hcr particu'ar Parts, you 
 
 may find them in their proper Pla- 
 ces. 
 
 UNCERTAIN. 
 A Horfe is faid to be uncertain^ 
 that is naturally reftlefs and turbu- 
 lent, and is not confirm'd in the 
 Manage he is put to ; fo that he 
 works with Trouble and Uncertain- 
 ty- 
 
 UNITE. 
 
 Some fay a Horfe unites when he 
 walks in union, and when his Hind- 
 quarters follow and keep time with 
 the Fore-quarters in galloping. 
 UNSINE W. 
 
 To unfinew a Horfe, is to cut 
 the two Tendons on the fide of his 
 Head, about 5 Inches under the 
 Eyes 5 which two join in one at 
 the tip or end of the Nofe, in order 
 to perform its Motion. This Ten- 
 don at the Tip of the Nofe, is alfo 
 cut. A Horfe is unfinewed in or- 
 der to dry the Head, and make ic 
 fmaller. 
 
 VOLT. 
 
 Volt fignifies a F^ound or a circu- 
 lar Tread ; a Gate of two Treads 
 made by a Horfe going fideways 
 round a Center, fo that thefe two 
 Treads make parallel Trads, the 
 one which is made by iheFore-feec 
 larger, and the other by the Hinder- 
 feet fmaller, the Shoulders bearing 
 outwards, and the Croupe approach- 
 ing towards the Center. 
 
 DE M I- VOLT. 
 
 Demi- volt is a Round of one 
 Tread or two, made by the Hoife 
 at one of the Angles or Corners of 
 the Volt, or elfe at the End of the 
 Line of the P^ffade ; fo that when 
 he is near the End of this Line or 
 elfe one of the Corners ol- the Volt, 
 he changes Hands to return by a Se- 
 micircle. 
 RENVERSED-VOLT. 
 
 A Remtrffd-volt is a Trad of 
 2 Treads, which the Horfe makes 
 
 v/ith 
 
U R 
 
 ( 44 
 
 with his Head to the, Center, and 
 his Croupe out j fo that he goes 
 iideways upon a Walk, Trot or 
 Gallop, and traces out a larger Cir- 
 cumference with his Shoulders, and 
 a fmaller with his Croupe. 
 
 VOxMlT FOR A HORSE. 
 Take 2 of the largeft Roots of 
 Polypodium of the Oak that can be 
 gotten, and after you have wafh'd 
 and fcrap'd them very clean, tie the 
 Roots to the Snaffle or Bit, and 
 lay it all Night to fteep in Oil of 
 Spike, and put it on the Horfe in 
 the Morning fafting, and ride him 
 with it in his Mouth for an Hour 
 more foftly and gently. 
 
 If a Horfe be troubled with any 
 rheumatick or phlegmatick Humour, 
 or with any fort of cold or filthy 
 Matter that clogs or annoys his Sto- 
 mach, this will caufe him to vomit 
 it up at his Mouth or Nofe, and 
 caufe him to cough and fneeze ^ fo 
 that by degrees, he will difcharge 
 much Filth and flimy Matter from 
 the Glands of his Head and Throat. 
 This will cleanfe and draw off a great 
 deal of waterifh Humours, fo that 
 if he be ordered temperately, he may 
 be kept a long time found, perfect 
 and ferviceablc. 
 
 It is proper to order a Horfe in 
 this Manner that is newly taken from 
 Grafs, to bring away grofs and 
 phlegmatick Humours from theHead 
 and Sfomach, or to any Horfe that 
 has got a Cold. 
 
 URI N E. 
 Human U.ine abounds with vola- 
 tile Salts, and therefore is very pe- 
 
 2 ) V u 
 
 netrating ; and being boiled with 
 Honey to a Confiftence, is very 
 ufeful in moft forts of aching Pains 
 in the Mufcles and nervous Parts. 
 PROGNOSTICKS OF HE/VLTH 
 BY URINE. 
 If the Urine of a Horfe be of a 
 pale, yellowifli Colour, rather thick 
 than thin, of a flrong Smell, it is 
 a fign of Health and Soundnefs. 
 
 If the Urine be of a high red 
 Colour, either like Blood or incli- 
 ning to it, then the Horfe has been 
 over-heated or over-ridden, or elfe 
 ridden too foon after Winter-grafs. 
 
 If the Urine be of a high Co- 
 lour, clear and tranfparent, like old 
 March Beer, it is a fign that the 
 Horfe is inflamed in his Body, and 
 is furfeited. 
 
 If there be a white Cream on the 
 Top of the Urine, it is a Token 
 that the Horfe is weak in the Back, 
 and that he is troubled with the 
 Confumption of Seed. 
 
 If the Urine has bloody Streak's 
 in it, it is a fign of an Ulcer or raw- 
 nefs in the Kidneys or Bladder. 
 
 If the Urine is green, it is a fign 
 of a Confumption of the Body. 
 
 If the Urine be black, thick and 
 cloudy, it is often a Token of Mor- 
 tality. 
 
 URINOUS. 
 Urinous fignifies any Thing that 
 refembles Urine in its moft fenfible 
 Qualities, as, Saltnefs, Smell, O'c, 
 VULNERARY. 
 Vulneraries are healing Medicines, 
 the fame as Traumaiick. 
 
 w. 
 
W A 
 
 ( 44? ) 
 
 W A 
 
 W. 
 
 A WALK. 
 
 AWalJ^ is the floweft or leaft 
 rais'd Pace or going of a 
 Horle. In a Walk a Horfe lifts 
 two Legs of a fide, one after the o- 
 iher, beginning with the Hind-leg 
 firft : as fuppofe. That he leads with 
 the Legs of his right Side, then he 
 lifts his far Hind-foot firft, and in 
 the time that he is fetting it down, 
 (which in a Step is always ftiort of 
 the Tread of his Fore^foot upon the 
 fame Side) he lifts his fir Fore-foot, 
 and fets it down before his near Foot, 
 and )uft as he is fetting down his Far- 
 foor, he lifts up his near Hind-foot, 
 and fets it dovv'n again juft fhort of 
 his near Fore-foot, and juft as he is 
 fetting it down, he lifts his near 
 Fore-foot, and fets it down juft be- 
 fore his Far-fore-foor. 
 
 In order to a Horfe's walking 
 well, his Steps fliould be quick, 
 that is he fnould not make in bis 
 Walk flow and feeble Motions with 
 his Legs ^ but ftiould move them 
 quickly, and make 2 Times with 
 them in the fpace of Time that many 
 Horfes make but one. 
 
 A Horfe that walks well, walks 
 lightly, furely, quickiy and eailly. 
 
 A Hovfe in walking fhould not 
 carry his Hams outwards every Step 
 tlint he makes, for thnt is a fign of 
 Weaknefs ^ nor niuft he ftrike or 
 rub h:sHams one ai^ainft another, as 
 bow-Ieg'd Horfes do, 
 W ART. 
 
 Warts are a fort of Tumours or 
 Excrefcences that over- fpread the Paf- 
 teins and Fetlock Joints, almoft to 
 
 the Frufti on the hinder Legs, and 
 when they are green fend forth Mat- 
 ter. 
 
 The Caufe, They have no appa- 
 rent Roots or Filaments, but are fed 
 with a nervous Juice, which caufes 
 the Stench that accompanies them. 
 This Juice being out of its proper 
 Place, quickly deoenerates into Pu- 
 tvefadion, and affords conftant Sup- 
 plies of Nourifhment to the "Warts. 
 ' The Cure, They may be confu- 
 med by touching them now and then 
 with Aquafortis, or Lapis in fern a- 
 tts^ or the perpetual Cauftick ; and 
 as the Scabs are fallen off, the Ap- 
 plication ought to be renevv'd, till 
 it has eaten to the very bottom of 
 the Wart, and the Place appear per- 
 fedlly fmooth. 
 
 Another Remedy. 
 
 Firft make the Warts clean, and 
 wipe them with a Pencil of Ho2,5- 
 briftles 5 then touch them ever and 
 anon with the following Water for 
 2 or 3 Days, and they will fill quite 
 off, and then heal the Places witti 
 the black Ointment ; 
 
 * Mix an ounce of crude S'lcrcury^ 
 ' with 1 ounces of Aqua re^'d or A- 
 
 * qua fortis, and let them (i.^nd till 
 
 * the Mercury is confumed : nnd if 
 ' it continues und;flo!ve.i, it is a fioa 
 ' that the Aq'-4a rcgta^ Sec. is too 
 ' weak, and m that Cafe you mud 
 
 * adift it With a moderate decree of 
 
 * Heat to promote the Solutiork. 
 
 Another. 
 ' If the Warts be fmal!, rub ve- 
 
 * ry hard, and then ftrew upon trci-a 
 « a Powder made of Brif?7j/o»e and 
 
W A 
 
 ( 444 ) 
 
 W E 
 
 e Gunpowder^ of each equal quan- 
 
 ^ tities, making as much of it ftick 
 
 to the >3^arts fas you can : then 
 
 * burn them with a red hot Iron, 
 
 * then lay on Leeks beaten with 
 
 * Hogs-lard. If once does not do, 
 ' repeat it the fecond or third Time, 
 « and heal it with the Coach-man*s 
 
 * Ointment.' 
 
 If the Warts are large, cut them 
 
 off with a red hot Knife. 
 
 WATER-FARCIN, See FARCIN. 
 
 WATER-GERMANDER, See 
 
 S C O R D I U M. 
 
 WATERY-SORES. 
 
 Defer iption. Watery- Sores on the 
 Legs and Pafterns, are caufed by 
 the ouzing of a ferous, fharp Matter 
 thro' the Pores, which oftentimes 
 makes the Hair fall off, and fome- 
 times loofens the Croner from the 
 Hoof, or makes the Flefh look as if 
 it was disjoined from the Bones and 
 Sinews. This watery Matter where 
 it runs, hardens the Skin to that de- 
 gree, that it breaks out into Cracks 
 and Clefts, with a difcharge of a great 
 Quantity of ftinking Mjtter. 
 
 dre. Thofe Medicines that are 
 good in the Farcin, are j^ood in this 
 Cafe. And the Cure is chiefly to be 
 effeded by internal Means, fuch as 
 are proper to rectify the Blood, as. 
 Boxwood, Giiaiacumy Saffafras, 
 &c. either rafp'd, and mi\-'d with 
 Oats or Bran, or the Decodions of 
 them. And you may make ufe of 
 the following Means outwardly : 
 
 ' Melt equal Quantities of Honey^ 
 
 * Hogs greafe and Turptnt'ine in a 
 ' glaz'd Pipkin over a gentle Fire, 
 ' and put to it as much W^hear-flour 
 
 * as will malvC it into a Poultice. 
 Or, 
 
 *■ Boil equal quantities of Bean- 
 
 * iioury ¥ent4greek-:ncal^ Lin fee d- 
 
 * r/ienly and Muftard-feed pounded, 
 < with a fufEcient quantity of Oint- 
 
 * ment of M.irj;] malloivs^ over a 
 
 « gentle Fire to a Poultice : Or If 
 < you have not the Ointment, you 
 « may ufe Butter or Hogs-lard in the 
 
 * ftead of it.' 
 
 Apply either of thefe warm to the 
 Legs or Pafterns of the Horfe, to 
 draw out the Matter, and to bring 
 down the Swelling. 
 
 ' If the Sores be foul, you may 
 
 * take half a pound of black Soap, 
 ' a quarter of a pound of Honey^ 
 ' 2 ounces of burnt Alum^ and an 
 
 * ounce of powdered Verdegreafe, 
 
 * and half a pint of Brandy^ or Spi- 
 ' rit of Wine, with as much Vlour 
 
 * as you fee convenient ; and ha- 
 ' ving fpread this upon Cloths, ufe 
 
 * it inftead of the former.' 
 
 As foon as you perceive that the 
 Swelling is abated, and that the 
 Moifture is dry'd up, keep the Hor- 
 (t\ Legs and Pafterns roll'd up with 
 a ftrong and tight Bandage, to keep 
 the Parts clofe, and prevent frefh 
 Matter from flowing in ; for if thefe 
 watery Eruptions continue or fre- 
 quently return, they will bring fuch 
 a Weaknefs into the Legs as will 
 caufe a Rottennefs in the Frufh, and 
 breed Splents and other Maladies. 
 WAX. 
 
 Wax is chiefly ^ifed in external 
 Applications, for ripening and draw- 
 ing. The v/hite is more mild in its 
 Operation than the Yellowy being 
 the fame, only bleach'd and made 
 white by art, 
 
 WA Y'D' 
 
 A wayd Horfe^ is one that has 
 been back'd, fuppled and broken, 
 and fhows a Difpofition to the Ma- 
 
 \V EN. 
 A Wen is a certain Bunch orKer- 
 a 
 
 nel on the Skin like a Swelling or 
 
 Tuir.our : Sometimes the Inflde of 
 it \s iiard like a Gnftle, and fpunzy 
 like a Skin full oFfoft Warts ; fonie- 
 ti:nes it is yellow like rufty Bacon, 
 
 with 
 
W H ( 445 ) W I 
 
 Some white from his Forehead almoft to 
 his Nofe. 
 
 V^HITE-FOOT. 
 
 A Horfe is called White -foot^ 
 that has his Feet white both before 
 and behind, from the Fetlock to the 
 Coffin. 
 
 WHITE LEAD. 
 
 White lead is a great Drier, and 
 ufed in many outward Applications. 
 WIND. 
 
 To carry in the Wind j a Hor/e ifi 
 faid fo to do, when he tofles his 
 Nofe as high as his Ears, and does 
 not carry handfomely. The oppo- 
 fite to carry m the Wind, \s arming 
 and carrying low. 
 
 The DiiFerence between carrying 
 in the Windj and beating upon the 
 Hand^ \s this : A Horfe that carries 
 in the Wind, puts up his Head with- 
 out fhaking, and fometimes beats 
 upon the Hand ; but a Horfe that 
 hats upon the Hand, fhakes his 
 Head and refifts the Bridle. 
 WIND-BROKEN, See PlJRSIVE- 
 
 NESS. 
 
 WIND.CHOLICK,S^^CHOLlCK. 
 
 WIND. 
 
 ^ Clyjier to expel Wind. 
 
 * Take Annifeeds and Fennel- 
 ' feeds y of each 2 fpoonfuis; bruife 
 
 * them, add Camomile Flowers and 
 ' Rcfemary Flowers, Camomile, 
 ' Penny-royal and Pellitory of the 
 ^ Wally each a handful j and boil 
 ' them in 3 quarts of Water,and oiye 
 ' it the Horfe. 
 
 To prefer ve the Wind. 
 
 * Take Annifeeds^ Liquorice and 
 Sugar-candy ; reduce them to a 
 
 * fine Powder, brew 4 fpoonfuis of 
 ^ h in a pint ofWhite-zuine and half 
 ' a pint of Sallet-oil, and give the 
 ' Horfe this the Day before you fet 
 
 * out on a Journey, and a day after 
 ' you have finifhed your Journej\ 
 
 Anoth r. 
 ' Take 3 pounds of Wheat-flour^ 
 Anm- 
 
 with white Grains amongft It 
 Wens are large, and fome fmall, 
 fome are painful, and fome are not. 
 
 The Caufe, Some are of opini- 
 on, that they proceed from ill phleg- 
 matick Humours, which bind toge- 
 ther in fome Part of the Body ; o- 
 ihers are of opinion, that they are 
 caufed by Cold, or drinking extreme 
 cold Water ; but others fay they 
 moft commonly are caufed from 
 Pinches, Bruifes, biting or galling of 
 Girths, Halters, Collars, cT'c. 
 
 The Cure, ^ Boil Mallows^ red 
 ' Nettles and Sage^ of each 2 hand- 
 
 * fuls, in running Water, and put 
 ' them into a Bit o^ Butter and Ho- 
 
 * ney ; when they are boil'd foft, 
 ' pound them and put to them a 
 
 * quarter of a pound of 0/7 of Bay y 
 ' and as much Hozs-greafe ; warm 
 *■ and mix them well over the Fire, 
 ' fpread part of it on a piece of Lea- 
 
 * ther as big as the Wen, and lay it 
 ' on as hot as the Horfe can endure 
 ' it. Repeat this once a day for 8 
 
 * Days, and if you do not find it 
 ^ come to a head, then lance it 
 
 * from the middle downwards, deep 
 
 * enough to dil'cover and let out the 
 ' xMittei- that \s at the bottom • and 
 
 * when th,n is done, heal it with 
 
 * the following Salve : 
 * Wafh half a pound of Turpen- 
 
 ' tine 9 times in fair Water, then 
 ' put to it the Yolks of 2 Eggs, and 
 
 * a iittle Englifh Saffron powdered ; 
 ' and having made a Tent or Rowel 
 ' of Flax, dip it in the Ointment, 
 ' and apply it to the Sore. Repeat 
 ' this every day till it is well.* 
 
 WHEAT. 
 Wheat-flour is made ufe of to 
 bind and knit together moft fort of 
 Htrrfe Balls. It is alfo ufeful in 
 Charges and Poultices. 
 
 WHITE-FACE. 
 A Horfe is called White-face^ that 
 has the greateft Part of his Face 
 
W I 
 
 ( 446 ) W I 
 
 * Annifeeds^ Brimflone, Cinna- 
 
 * monfcedsy Fenugreek and Liquo- 
 
 * r'tfly, of each 6 ounces, Elecam- 
 
 * fane and Gentian^ ot each 3 quar- 
 
 * ters of an ounce : reduce them to 
 
 * a fine powder and fearce them j 
 
 * add 6 ounces of Honey, and make 
 
 * it into a Cataplafm with White- 
 
 * wine. Boil them to a due Con- 
 
 * fiAence, and make them up into 
 
 * Balls, and give the Horfe 3 or 4. 
 
 * at a Time, for 6 Days running.' 
 
 You may ufe it as often as you 
 pleafe ; it is good to make the Horfc 
 found both in Wind and Body. 
 >3^1ND-GALLS. 
 
 Defcription. They are foft, yield- 
 ing, flatulent Tumours or Bladders, 
 full of corrupt Jelly, which grow 
 npon each fide of the Feilock 
 Joints, and are fo painful in hot 
 Weather and hard Ways, that they 
 make a Horfe to halt downright. 
 
 The Caufe, They are caufed by 
 violent Straining, or by a Horfe's 
 ftanding on a (loping Floor, or from 
 extreme Labour and Heat ; or by 
 Blows, Strokes from another Horfe, 
 and other Accidents. 
 
 The Cure. If the Wind-galls are 
 large, it will be proper to make ufe 
 of emollient and foftening Medicines; 
 as, Diachylon with the Gums, or 
 the Mucilage-plajler , fpresd on 
 thick Leather ; or Poultices made of 
 MalhuSy Mar/I}- mallows, Sec. Or 
 you may apply the followingCharge ; 
 
 * Boil 2 ounces of pounded Gal- 
 ' banum^ and half a pound of com- 
 ' mon Turpent'tm in a Pint of Vt- 
 < negar, gently for an Hour, and 
 « \\hen you have taken it oft' from 
 « the Fire, add to it Bole, Dragons- 
 
 * blood, AMaJIick2t\d Myrrh, of esch 
 
 * 3 ounces j when it has been well 
 
 * mix'd apply the Char.je hot, 
 
 Amthcr Rerntdy. 
 
 * Melt a pound of good Gocfe- 
 
 * ireafcy take it off the Fue, aad 
 
 ' put in 6 ounces of Oil of Spike, 
 < and an ounce and a half of Oil of 
 ' Origanum. After you have ftirred 
 ' them well together, put it up in a 
 
 * Pan, and keep it clofe covered for 
 ' ufe. 
 
 When you ufe it make rt very 
 hot, and anoint the Part aggriev'd, 
 rub and chafe it well in, and dry 
 it in with a hot Iron. Repeat the 
 Rubbing 2 or 3 Times a day, and 
 the Anointing once in 2 Days at 
 leaft, and give the Horfe moderate 
 Exercife. 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Open the Wind-galls the length 
 
 * of a Bean, and thruft out the Jel- 
 ' ly, and having mix'd the Oil de 
 ' Bay and White of an E^i ^oge- 
 ' ther, apply it with Hurds after the 
 ^ manner of a Plafter. Or you 
 
 * may lay Pitch and Rofin melted 
 
 * together on them, and clap on 
 < Hurds. 
 
 Another, 
 ' Take Maftick^ Perofin and 74- 
 
 * camahac, of each the quantity of 
 
 * a Nutmeg, of Stone-pitch the 
 ' quantity of a 'Walnut, and melt 
 « them together v;ith a little powder 
 
 * of Brimjione ; then put in the 
 ' quantity of a Walnut of Turpen- 
 ' ttney fpread a Plafter, and apply 
 ' it to the Wind-galls : Daub that 
 ' all over with the fame Salve, and 
 ' clap Flocks upon that, letting it re- 
 
 * main on till iyt fall off. 
 
 Another, 
 ' Boil Mafiick and Roman Vitri- 
 ' ol and Euphorhiuw, of each 2 
 ' ounces j of white Copperas, 2 
 ' drati-is, in a quart of Vinegar, till 
 ' a fourih Part be confumed ; then 
 ' ftrain ir, put it up in a Bottle, and 
 ' ftop it clofe for ufe. When you ufe 
 
 * if, take a fpoonful and rub it upon 
 « each fide where the Wind-galls 
 ' are, having clipped away the 
 ' Hair. Repeat this for 3 or 4 Days. 
 
 Another, 
 
W I ( 447 ) 
 
 W I 
 
 Another, 
 ^ Open them with a Fleam, and 
 ^ anoint them with equal Parts of 
 ' Turpentine and §luick/ilver^ mix'd 
 ' with a fmall quantity of Verde- 
 ' greafe, and the White of an Egg^ 
 « to make it ftick on faft. Fill the 
 ' hollow Spaces on each fide the S;- 
 
 * new with Kurds dipM in Spirit of 
 
 * Wine warm, and apply a Bandage 
 ' over the Fetlock, to prevent them 
 
 * from growing again. 
 
 If there be occafion to make ufe 
 of cauftick Medicines, « Then make 
 'an Ointment of Quick ftlver and 
 
 * Turpentine, of each an ounce ; 
 'and Spanifl) Flies and Euphorbium, 
 
 * of each a dram.' 
 
 Guard the great Sinew and the 
 neighbouring Parts, and apply this 
 Ointment to the Wind-galls only. 
 Tye up the Horfe that he may not 
 bite it off. And if you perceive the 
 Medicine caufes too great an Inflam- 
 mation, make it weaker by mixing 
 more Turpentine with it. 
 
 WINTER'S -BARK. 
 
 Winter's-Bark is a Drug of a 
 warm aromatick Quality, and ac- 
 counted very good in ail Diforders 
 of the Head and Nerves ; it com- 
 forts alfo and ftrengthens the Sto- 
 mach and Guts. 
 
 WITHERS. 
 
 The Withers of a Horfe, is the 
 Junfture of the Shoulder-bones at 
 the bottom of the Neck and Mane, 
 towards the upper Part of the Shoul- 
 der. 
 
 WITHER. BAND. 
 
 A Wither-Band is a piece of Iron, 
 which is laid under a Saddle about 4 
 Fingers above the Horfe's Withers, 
 to keep the two pieces of Wood 
 ti;dht, that form the Bow. 
 WITHER- WRUNG, OR HURTS 
 IN THE WITHERS. 
 
 Ths Caufe, Sometimes this is 
 caufed by a Bite of a Horfe, or by 
 
 a Saddle being unfit, efpecially when 
 the Bows are too wide j for when 
 they are fo, they bruife theFlefh a- 
 gainft the Spines of the fecond and 
 third Vertebra; of the Back, which 
 forms that Prominence that rifes a- 
 bove their Shoulders. 
 
 The Cure, <• WaOi the Part with 
 
 * Salt and Water^ or Horfe-dung or 
 
 * Salt, and black Soap mixed toge- 
 
 * ther. Or if the Skin be only gal- 
 
 * led off, mix Cream and Soot toge- 
 
 * ther, and lay it on the Sore ; and 
 
 * if the Wound be not very deep it 
 ' will heal it. Or bathe it ofien 
 ' with rectified Spirit of Wine and 
 ' Brandy, and cover the Part with 
 ' a flaxen Cloth dip'd in Bees-'juax 
 ' and Od melted together, to keep 
 ' the Dirt from ir, and defend it from 
 
 * the Air, Or lay on a reilringent 
 ^ Charge of Bole and Vinegar, with 
 < the Whites of Hg^s, or the Whites 
 ' of Eggs beat up into a froth with 
 ' a piece of j^Uim, 
 
 * Others advife to take off the 
 
 * Saddle, and ifj'ou find tne Withers 
 ' are fwoln, to clap fome v/et 
 ' Litter on the Part, and clap the 
 
 * Saddle on again, till you have 
 
 * burnt a thin Turf of Grafs and 
 ' Earth together in the Fire, making 
 
 * it red hot ; then to moiften the 
 
 * grafly Side very well with Whire- 
 ' wine Vinegar, to lay the grafiy 
 
 * Side hot to the Swelling in the 
 *■ place of the Litter, then to put the 
 ^ Saddle on again, and to let it re- 
 ' main on all Nighr. 
 
 But if the Skin be broken or ulce- 
 rated, ' Then having boiled Bay- 
 ' fait, powder of Frankincenfe and 
 ' fvveet Butter together, to fcald the 
 
 * Swelling 2 or 3 Times with a 
 ' Clout f<iftened on a Stick, and 
 ' dip*d in if. 
 
 ' l^ the Swelling be full of Cor- 
 ' ruption, make an Incifion on both 
 ' Sides beneath, that the Matter may 
 
 *be 
 
w o 
 
 * be difcharged downwards, and heal 
 
 * it up with Powder of Lime and 
 « Honey ^ or anoint it well with Oil 
 
 * of Turpentine^ and it will afTwage 
 
 < or break the SweUing ^ and when 
 
 * it is broke, fqueeze forth the Cor- 
 ' ruption, and drop fome of the 
 
 < forementionedOll into n Morning 
 « and Evening, and it will cleanfe 
 
 * and heal it. 
 
 If the Hurt proceed from the Bite 
 of another Horfe, ^ Bathe it with 
 
 * Spirit of Wine, and drefs it with 
 ' Turpentine and the Yolks o^Eggs^ 
 ' and if there be a fmall Mortifica- 
 
 * tion or Deadnefs in the Part, drefs 
 *^ it with /Eiyptiacu'iyj ^ and if it 
 
 * prove obftinate, you may have 
 
 * recourfe to the actual Cautery to 
 
 * bring it to a Digeftion, and after- 
 ' wards treat it like a fimpleWound/ 
 
 WOOLF'S- TOOTH. 
 
 A Horfe is faid to have Woolf's- 
 teeth, when his Teeth grow either 
 outwards or inwards, fo that their 
 Points prick the Gums or Tongue, 
 and are troublefome to him in eating 
 his Meat. Horfes that are in the 
 Decline of their Age, are moft fub- 
 jeft to this Infirmity, the Gums be- 
 ing worn down, and the Grinders 
 not meeting one upon another. 
 
 The Retnedy, Some direft. That 
 if the upper-jaw Teeth hang over 
 the nether-jaw Teeth, with a Gouge 
 and Mallet to ftrike and pare all 
 thofe Teeth fhorter by little and lit- 
 tle, turning the hollow Side of the 
 Tool towards the Teeth, that you 
 may not cut the Infides of his 
 Cheeks, and then to file them 
 fmooih with a File, and afterwards 
 to wafh the Horfe's Mouth with Vi- 
 negar and Salt. But the ^^h'ik. way 
 is only to ufe a File, tho it take up 
 a little more Time. 
 
 W O O D - B I N D. 
 
 Wood-bind or Hone'^-Juckh, is 
 clcanHng and digefting; the Flow- 
 ers are Lood lor the Lungs, and 
 
 ( 448 ) wo 
 
 provoke Urine. The Seed has the 
 fame Vertue as the Flowers. 
 TO WORK A HORSE. 
 
 To work a Horfe, in riding Schools 
 flgnifies to exercife him at Pace, 
 Trot and Gallop, and to ride him 
 at the Manage. 
 
 WORMS. 
 
 They are good againft Choler, 
 provoke Urine, help in Surfeits, and 
 are good for the Yellows. 
 
 WORM SEED. 
 I Wormjeed is accounted a Stoma- 
 chick ; but is principally prefcribed 
 againft Worms. 
 
 WORMWOOD. 
 
 IVortnwood is of 2 forts, the com- 
 mon Wormwood and the Roman 
 Wormwood ; the latter is milder 
 than the common, and therefore is 
 accounted a good Stomachick j but 
 the common is better in Fomenta- 
 tions. 
 
 WOUND. 
 
 Wounds are diftinguifhed into 
 fimpe and complicated. 
 
 Simple Wounds are fuch Wounds 
 whereby the fofc Parts are divided, 
 and are not attended with other Ac- 
 cidents. 
 
 Complicated Wounds are thofe in 
 which befides the Divilion of the 
 foft Parts, there is cither a Contu- 
 (ion of the Flefh, or the Bones are 
 dillocated or broken. 
 
 That which is moft efpecialiy to 
 be regarded in Wounds, istiie Place 
 where they are feated : for tho all 
 Wounds are not very dangerous, that 
 are feated in theflePriy part, yet thofe 
 in the nervous parts often prove 
 dangerous, when there is an ill Ha- 
 bit of Body ; and tho they are not fo 
 apt to be attended with fuch ill Acci- 
 dents when they are cut equally, yet 
 when the fmali Threads and Fibres of 
 the Sinews are ruffled and torn, they 
 will be apt to produce a Gangrene, 
 and Mortification of the Part. 
 
 Internal Wounds if ihcy pene- 
 trate 
 
w o 
 
 ( 449 ) 
 
 w o 
 
 trate the large Veflels, as the Blad- 
 der, the fmall Guts, the Heart, the 
 Liver, the Lungs, the Midriff and 
 the Stomach, generally prove mor- 
 tal, and that for 3 Reafons : 
 
 1. That raoft of them have a ve- 
 ry tender Senfation. 
 
 2. That moft of them have a 
 mufcular Aftion, which hinders 
 their Re union. 
 
 3. Becaufe thofe Parts have a great 
 many large Blood-vefTels. And tho 
 fome internal Wounds, which do not 
 pierce thefe principal Vifcera, are 
 curable in Men, yet are not readily 
 cured in Horfes ; becaufe they cannot 
 be brought under that Difcipline that 
 the Cure requires. 
 
 The Signs. Inward Wounds are 
 to be difcovered by the Probe, and 
 by feveral other Circumftances : 
 
 1. If the Bladder be wounded the 
 Urine will difcover it. 
 
 2. If the fmall Guts be wounded 
 the Chyle ufually iffues forth. 
 
 3. If the Kidneys are wounded 
 the Horfe will pifs Blood. 
 
 4. If the Lungs be wounded the 
 Air will make its way thro' the 
 Wound, with a frothy Blood of 
 a vermilion Colour. 
 
 5. If the Sromach be wounded it 
 will be attended with a violent Sick- 
 nefs, and a fudden lofs of Appetite. 
 
 T^e Cure, In order to the Cure 
 of Wounds, thefe Things are to be 
 obferved ; 
 
 1 . The Blood is to be ftop'd when 
 it flows too plentifully. 
 
 2. The Wound is to be cleanfed 
 of all Filth. 
 
 3. The Air muft be kept from 
 getting into it as much as podible. 
 
 4. All Applications to it ought to 
 be warm, efpecially the firft. 
 
 5. If a Wound penetrate down- 
 wards and the Orifice is too fmall, 
 it muft either be inlarged by Inci- 
 fion, or dilated with a Spunge, or 
 fome porous Matter that will fwelU 
 
 6. The Probe fhould not be made 
 ufe of but as feldom as may be. 
 
 7. Long Tents fhould not be 
 thruft into Wounds, for that fome- 
 times caufes them to degenerate into 
 Ulcers, which otherwife would have 
 no bad Tendency. 
 
 8. Greafy Ointments fhould not 
 be applied to Wounds, ,becaufe they 
 are, for the moft parr, apt to make 
 the Flefh grov/ too faft. 
 
 Offiopplng the Bleeding oj Wounds. 
 If the Horfe be too much fpenr, 
 make a Revulfion by letting him 
 blood in the hind Legs, if the 
 Wound be forwards, or in the Fore- 
 parts if the Wound be backwards. 
 
 If a large Artery be cut, and there 
 be a great Flux of Blood, you may 
 ftop it by applying a hot Iron, oc 
 fome cauterizing Medicine; or tve it 
 by parting a Needle under ir, and 
 then binding it with a wax'd Thread. 
 Where there is a great EfFuficn of 
 Blood, ufc the fympathetick Pow- 
 der, applyng it to Wounds by way 
 of a Styptick, which is made as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 ' Take EngU[lj Vitriol, what 
 quantity you pleafe, (that which 
 goes by the Name ofBoivCcpperas) 
 after you have dilfoived it in Water, 
 and filtred it thro' a brown Paper, 
 fet it in:o a cool Place, to ftiooc 
 into Chryftals ; when it has fo 
 done, diflblve the Chryftals after 
 the fame manner, and pafs it thro* 
 the Paper as before ; repeating 
 this Operation till the Chryftals aie 
 pure and tranfparent. After 
 that fet the Chrjftals in a clean 
 Place in the Sun, till they are cal- 
 cined to a Whitenefs. This muft 
 be done either in jf.vwe, July ot 
 Auguji. When you find that one 
 fide is calcln'd turn the other, 
 and in a few Days time the Chryf- 
 tals will crumble into Powder. If 
 they fhould not you may beat 
 them and expofe them to the Sun, 
 Q a * ftirrin^ 
 
wo (45 
 
 ' ftiiring them 3 or 4 Times every 
 
 ' day ; then beat them again to a 
 
 * very fine Powder, and fet them 
 
 * into the Sun again, ftirring them 
 ' for 3 or 4 Days iT.ore, and by 
 
 < that Time it will be very white j 
 ' then while the Sun is Pninini; hot, 
 « take them in, put it up in aGlafs, 
 
 * ftop it up well and keep it in a 
 
 < dry Place. Or you may ufe the 
 following, caWd Colebatche's flyp- 
 tick Powder *. 
 
 ' Take ¥ dings of Jron^ what 
 ' quantity you pleafe, pour upon 
 « them Spirit of Salt, to the height 
 ' of 3 or 4 Fingers above them : 
 ' let them {land in a gentle Dige(- 
 ' tion till the Fomentation is over, 
 ' and the Spirit cf Salt is become 
 
 * fweet, th^n pour off what is L'- 
 
 * qnid, and evaporate it in an iron 
 
 * or glafs Veilel, till half of it \s 
 ' vvafted,and thenputto it an equal 
 
 * quantity of Saccharum Saturrr^ 
 ' and evaporate it to a dry Powder ; 
 
 * and if the Operation be ftop'd 
 
 * upon its firft coming dry, it has 
 ' exaftly the Appearance of Cole- 
 ' iratcht's Powder ; but if it be 
 « continued longer and the Heat 
 
 * raifed, it will turn red ; then ftop 
 
 * it clofe from the Air. and keep it 
 
 * for ufe.' 
 
 A Flefh Wound, if ft be not too 
 much expos'd to the Air, will eafily 
 be cured in nil good Conftitutions. 
 
 A Wound which is made accord- 
 ins^ to the Direftion of a Mufcle, or 
 only fomewhat flanting, if the 
 Horfe be not put to hard Exercife, 
 will heal with little Application, if 
 not wirhoui: any at all. 
 
 All large Wounds ought to be 
 ftitch'd, and this ftitching, if it be 
 perform'd as it ought to be, will 
 very much contribute to the Re- 
 union and alfo to the Prevention of 
 the Inconveniences of Motion, and 
 alfo to put a Stop to the Swelling 
 
 o ) wo 
 
 of the Wound 5 which if it has not 
 had a fpeedy and plentiful Difcharge, 
 often caufes Ulcerations, and alfo a 
 preternatural Hardnefs in the Lips. 
 Of Stitching. Thofe Wounds are 
 the moft fit to he ftitched, that are 
 large and deep, and may be prefs'd 
 together with the Fingers ; but if 
 they penetrate to the Bone, and the 
 Flefh is mtich divided from it, in 
 this Cafe, if it were ftitch'd, it might 
 form an Abfcefs, and caufe the Bone 
 to putr?f)'. 
 
 In like manner you fhould ufe the m 
 fame Caution, when by Probing you ^ 
 difcover that the Swelling is diftant 
 from the Wound, for if fo, there is 
 reafon to fufpeft that fome of the 
 Mufcles are divided. 
 
 In thefe laft Cafes you muft only 
 ufe Bandages and proper Applications 
 to the Wound. And if the Swelling 
 fhnll continue, fo that it cannot bear 
 a ftrait Bandage, then you muft treat 
 it like an Impofthume, by applying 
 ripening Cataplafms; and when it is 
 come to due Maturation, it is to be 
 opened as low as poffible, that- the 
 Corruption may have the freer Vent, 
 and after that Bandage will be of 
 great Advantage, 
 
 IVcHP.ch amo'fig Sinews, Among 
 thofe Parts W'hich are fenfible and 
 nervous, the Needle muft be ufed 
 but fparingly ; for tho in many Cir- 
 cumftances where Tendons are 
 woutided, ftitching may be neceffa- 
 ry, yet there is an ichor or vifcid 
 Matter which always fiows from 
 Tendons, which often caufes trou- 
 blefome Accidents. Therefore thefe 
 fhould be attempted to be cured by 
 plain Dreftfing. 
 
 Wounds of a circular Figure, and 
 
 thofe much ragged and torn, cannot 
 well be ftitch'd, but Nature muft be 
 left to fill up that Space by degrees ; 
 and as for thofe Wounds that are 
 ragged and uneven, any loofe Bits 
 
w o 
 
 C4JI ) 
 
 W R 
 
 of Fle(h or Skin that cannot be uni- < 
 ted again, are to be c'ipp'd off with ' 
 a pair of ScifTars ; and the Drefling ' 
 fhould always be made fo large as to 
 cover the V^ound, and not (ink too 
 much into it, for that not only keeps 
 the Cure backward by hindring the 
 Re-union, but alfo caufes proud 
 Fledi, hard Edges and the like. 
 
 As for thofe Wounds which pene- 
 trate to the Bone, they ought not 
 to have any fort of Ointment appli- 
 ed, becaufe all greafy Things putri- 
 fy the Bones. Therefore the Appli- 
 cations to Bones, Ihould be only 
 warm Pledgets of Lint, dip'd in 
 Tindure of Myrrh and Honey of 
 Rofes, mix'd and made warm, or 
 Tinfture of Myrrh and Aloes, till the 
 Bone be covered. 
 
 But if the Bone grow foul, the 
 Plefh fhould be laid open as far as it 
 is difcoloured j and if Dreflings do 
 not bring off the Biacknefs, it 
 requires to be gently fcraped, or you 
 fhould apply to it a Pledget^of Lint 
 dip'd in Eubhorbiufny and this will 
 caufe it to exfoliate and throw off 
 the Foulnefs \ and when'that is done, 
 and the Bone is become clean, apply 
 TinHure of Myrrh and Honey of 
 Rofe<, as above directed. 
 
 Inward Wounds, The curing of 
 inward Wounds, has a great Depen- 
 dance upon rightly regulating the 
 Horfe as to his Dier. He ought to 
 have no Food that is hard and bind- 
 ing ; and fhould be allowed nothing 
 but fcalded Bran, and fometimes a 
 little boil'd Barley. His Drink 
 fhould be conftantly Barley and Wa- 
 ter, and at firft you may put a little 
 purified Nitre or Sd pri^nelU, And 
 to prevent Bleeding inwardly, give 
 the following Balls : 
 
 « Take Bole or J-apan Earth 2 
 * ounces, S^erma cm one ounce ; 
 
 Gum tragac:inth in Powder half 
 
 * an ounce, and Sugar of Lead the 
 " 4th part of a dram. Make thefe 
 ' into a ftiffPafte, with Conferve 
 ' of Rofes, and a little Wheat flour, 
 ' and then make it up into a 
 ' Bail. Give the Horfe one of thefe 
 ' Balls in the Morning, another in 
 
 * the Afternoon before his Barley- 
 ' water, and keep him without eat- 
 ' ing for 2 Hours after. Repeat 
 ' this for 3 or 4 Days. 
 
 * If the Horfe be bound in his 
 ' Body, give him emollient Clyfters, 
 ' but no ftrong Purgative. You 
 ' may give 4 or 5 ounces of Treacle 
 ' of Honey ^ and a good deal o\ Oil 
 
 * ot Butter, by way of Clyfter.' 
 
 If the Guts be wounded, you muft 
 forbear the ufe of Clyfters, if nor, 
 give him either Clyllers, or the fol- 
 lowing Suppofitory to provoke him 
 to dung : 
 
 ' Boil a pound of Honey , keeping 
 
 * it conftantly ftirring till it turns to 
 
 < a dark brown Colour_, fet it by to 
 
 < cool, and make it up into a Roll 
 
 * 4 or 5 Inches long, and put it up 
 « his Fundament: Oryoumaymake 
 « a Suppofitory ofCafiile Sjaf>. | 
 
 * You may genrly inject Red- 
 ' zu'tne with Honey of Rofes into the 
 
 * Wound, and cover it on the out- 
 ' fide with a Pledget fpread vvirh 
 
 * Bafi'icon^ and lay over it a Com- 
 « prefs of feveral Folds of flaxen 
 « Cloth, and put a Bandage ovei* 
 
 * that, and a Cloth with Buckles and 
 ^ Straps over all to keep the Horfc'5 
 « Body fi.m.' 
 
 WRIST. 
 The Bridle-vjTifl is the wrifl: of a 
 Horfeman's left Hand. The Wrift 
 and the Elbow ought to be equally 
 raifcd, and the Wrift fhould be 2 or 
 3 Inches above the Pommel of the 
 Saddle. 
 
 Qg2 
 
 XA% 
 
Y A 
 
 ( 45? ) 
 
 y E 
 
 «i>^l0»^i0^Kiteil^«^ie»!i0lie»lOi 
 
 Y. 
 
 YARRROW. 
 
 ^^/ Arrow, Milfoil or Thoufand 
 \ Leaf, is deanfing and aftrin- 
 gent. An Ointment of it is good 
 to cure Wounds, and is ferviceable 
 in Inflammations and the bloody 
 Plux, for Ulcers and Fiflulas, efpe- 
 cially fuch as abound with Moifture, 
 it ftays the Shedding of Hair, it be- 
 ing wafh'd with the Juice or Decoc- 
 tion ; inwardly taken, is good for 
 the mattering of the Yard ; being in- 
 jeded into the Yard, 'n ftops the 
 fhedding of the Seed, altho it may 
 have caufed an Inflammation in the 
 Parts. 
 
 YARD. 
 Tor an Horfe^s Tard that is foul and 
 furred without, by pijfmg in the 
 sheath. 
 * Set White-wine riwc^^r and Oil 
 
 * on the Fire, put in frefli Butter, and 
 ^ when it is melted, pull out bis 
 « Yard, and rub off all the Filth with 
 
 * your Hand, and wafh it clean with 
 
 * the Vinegar and Butter, and fquirt 
 .« fome of it up his Yard with a 
 
 I Syringe, 
 
 Tor the Tallin^ of the Tard. 
 
 Vefcription. This is when a 
 Horfe wants ftrength to draw up his 
 Yard into his Sheath, but lets it hang 
 down between his Legs unhand- 
 fomly. 
 
 The Caufc. It is fuppos'd to pro- 
 ceed from the Weaknefsof the Mem- 
 ber, by the Mufcles and Sinews that 
 ferve it being relax'd, and is fome- 
 limes caufed by a Blow on the Bacic, 
 or extreme hard Labour, and by Fe- 
 vers and other Diftemper?. 
 
 'The S}g7u This h no other than 
 ebc hanging down of the Member. 
 
 TPie Cure. Wafli the Horfe's 
 Yard with either Sea- water or Wa- 
 ter and Salt, and if that does not do, 
 prick the out mod Skin of his Yard, 
 with a Needle flightly, and wafh the 
 Pricks with ftrong Vinegar, and that 
 will make him draw up his Yard. 
 
 ' Or you may put a grain o^Irank- 
 ' incenfe, a Clove of Garlick clean 
 ' pilled and bruifed, up his Yard, and 
 « bathe his Back with Wine, Oil 
 
 * and Nitre, mixed and warmed to- 
 « gether. Others recommend the 
 following as the beft Remedy : 
 
 ' Fiift wafli the Horfe's Yard with 
 
 * warm white Wine, and afterwards 
 « anoint it with Oil of Rofes and 
 
 * Honey mixed, and then put it up 
 ^ into its Sheath, and keep it up 
 ' with a canvas Bolfter ; repeating 
 
 * the DreflJing every 24 Hours, till 
 ^ the Horfe is cured. 
 
 * In the mean time lay on a 
 
 * Charge, tnidtofBole-Art^omack, 
 
 * Sanguis Draconis, Eggs, Vinegar, 
 ' Turpentine and Wheat-four, and 
 
 * keep his Back warm with a Cloth. 
 
 YELLOWS. 
 
 The Yellows or Jaundice, is a Dif- 
 eafe that happens to Hories as fre- 
 quently as any other. 
 
 The Caufe. It owes its Original 
 either to Obflrudions in the Gall- 
 pipe, which are caufed by flimy or 
 gritty Matter, or to the ftoppage of 
 the Roots of thofelittle Dufts open- 
 ing into that Pipe by the like Matter, 
 or to a Compreflion of them by a 
 Fuinefs and Plenitude of the Blood- 
 vefTels that lie near them. 
 
 When the Gall-pipe, or the Roots 
 
 rather of the common Du(5ls of that 
 
 Pipe are any ways ftop'd up, that 
 
 Matier 
 
Y E ( 453 
 
 Matter which (hould be turned into 
 Gall, is taken up by the Vein, and 
 carry 'd back again into the Mafs of 
 Blood, and tinftures it yellow ; fo 
 that the Eyes, Infide of the Lips, 
 Slaver, and all the Parts of the 
 Horfe that are capable of fhewing 
 the Colour, appear yellow. 
 
 The Signs. A Horfe that has the 
 Yellows will be dull, heavy and 
 fluggifh, faint and low in his Spirits, 
 efpecially when he is put to any La- 
 bour or Exercife, tho it be never fo 
 little ; and if the Diflemper has been 
 of any long Continuance, he will 
 lofe his Appetite, become poor, lean 
 and jaded ; his Eyes will be (Irip'd 
 with red, and be yellow, and his Lips 
 and the Infide of his Noftrils will be 
 pimpled and look yellow I He will 
 fweat much all over his Body. 
 
 The Cure. If the Gall-pafTages 
 are only obftrufled, and the Liver 
 is not hardened and indurated near 
 thofe PafTages, then thofe Medicines 
 that are purging, and alfo fuch as are 
 moderately opening, may be fuffi- 
 cient in fuch Cafe. Or you may 
 give the following Infufion : 
 
 ' Infufe Mailowsy MarJJj-MaU 
 
 * lows and Snaw-berry Leaves, of 
 ' each a handful ; Roots of Madder 
 ' and Turmtrkky of each half an 
 
 * ounce ; and of Sena an ounce, in 
 ' 3 pints of boiling Water, letting 
 
 * them (land all Night, and give 
 ' the Horfe the Infufion in the Mor- 
 
 * ning fafting, with the ufuai Pre- 
 ' cautions. 
 
 Or give him the following Purge 
 3 or 4 Times : 
 
 ' Make lo drams, or an ounce of 
 
 * good Aloes into a Ball, with half 
 
 * an ounce of Turmerick ; and af- 
 ' terwards give him fcalded Bran, 
 ' and at other Times boii'd Barley, 
 
 * and boil Barley and Liquorice in 
 ' all the Wa^er he drinks. And if 
 the Purging does not cure, give him 
 
 ) 
 
 Y E 
 
 the following Powder for 2 or 3 
 Weeks fuccefllvely : 
 
 * Take the Roots of Madder and 
 ' Turmerichy of each a pound j 
 ' Crude-tart ar, and Shavings of 
 ' Harts-horn or Ivory y of each a 
 ^ quarter of a pound ; Myrrh and 
 ' Earth-worms dry'd either in an O- 
 
 * ven or the Sun, of each half a 
 ' pound 5 Cinnamon and the beft 
 ' Saffron, of each 2 drams : Re- 
 ^ duce all to a fine Powder, make 
 ' 2 ounces of it into a flifF P^fte, 
 
 * with Venice treacle, and give it the 
 ' Horfe , and give him either white 
 ' Water or Barley Water to wafli 
 ' it down.* 
 
 Another, 
 
 * Take Anmfeeds and Liquorice, 
 < finely powdered and fearfed, of 
 ' each a fpoonful ; Burdock^ long 
 
 * Pepper and Turmerick, of each 
 
 * half an ounce powdered and fear- 
 « fed ; the Juice of a handful of 
 « Celandine, both Herb and Roots 
 « chopd fmall and ftamp'd, boil 
 ' them for a little while in a qu.irt 
 « of ftrong Beer, and as it cools, 
 « fweeten it with London-treacle\ 
 ' add a good piece of Butter, and 
 ' give it the Horfe blood-warm, 
 ' and let him have white Water af- 
 ' ter it. 
 
 Some very much recommend the fol- 
 lowing : 
 * Cut an ounce of Caftile-Scap, 
 ' into thin Slices, and diflolve it in 
 < 3 fpoonfuls of feme Liquid, and 
 
 * mix it with 2 ounces oilive Ho- 
 ' ney, and as much Powder of T«r-- 
 
 * merich as will make it into 2 Pills ; 
 ' dip them in fweet 0//, give them 
 ' the Horfe,he having fafted 2 Hours 
 ^ before, and let him faft 2 Hours 
 
 * after itj repeating this every fc- 
 ' cond Day for a Week.' 
 
 If the Liver be indurated and har- 
 dened near the Gall-paifages, or if 
 there are Impofthumations and UK 
 
 cer5. 
 
Z A 
 
 cers, the Cure is then doubtful, and 
 the Effeds of it will be much the 
 fame as in any other inward wafting 
 Ulcer. 
 
 And when the Liver is fchirrous 
 and hard, it muft be very difficult to 
 remove thefe Obftruftions, becaufe 
 they lie out of the reach of manual 
 Operation. 
 
 The Horfe will be liable to Pain 
 and Inflammation upon the leaft Ex- 
 ercife, and you may perceive a great 
 Oppreffion, and he will frequently 
 turn his Head towards the right Side. 
 
 Firft bleed the Horfe, and then 
 give him the purging Infufion of 
 Roots of Madder, zsrc, before pre- 
 fcribed, and afterwards apply the fol- 
 lowing Fomentation : 
 
 ' Boil the Leaves of Mallows 
 
 < and Marjlj-mallows, of each 2 
 
 * handfuls ; Camomile and Worm- 
 
 * trijo^j of each a handful j Bawm- 
 
 * leaves and Melilot-floivers^ or, if 
 ' thefe are not to be had, the Leaves 
 
 < of each half a handful, in 2 quarts 
 
 * of Water, and add to it half a 
 « Pint of the Spirit of Wine.* 
 
 r 4J4 ) Z E 
 
 Dip woollen Cloths into it, and 
 apply them warm to the affe£ted 
 Part, and repeat it often. 
 
 If thefe Methods don*t fucceed, 
 ufe the following Purge : 
 
 ' Take 2 ounces of Aloes ; Tur^ 
 
 * merick and Myrrh^ of each an 
 ' ounce ; an ounce of ^thiops Mi- 
 ' neral^ or 2 drams of Mercurius 
 ' Dulcis, and make them into Pills 
 
 * with Butter and Flour.' 
 Thefe may ferve for a double 
 
 Dofe, and may be given twice a 
 Week, or according to the ftrengtb 
 of the Horfe, till he has 4 or $ 
 Scourings, and after you may give 
 him the Cinnabar-pills for a conli- 
 derable Time. See Jaundice, 
 TO YERK. 
 
 A leaping Horfe is faid to yerk or 
 flrike out his hind Legs,when he flings 
 and kicks with his whole hind Quar- 
 ters, ftretching out the two hinder 
 Legs near together and even, to 
 their full Extent, 
 
 TO YIELD. 
 
 To yield the Hand, is to flack the 
 Bridle and give the Horfe head. 
 
 mmmmmmmmmmm 
 
 z. 
 
 2 A IN. 
 
 A Horfe that is ofad^rk Colour, 
 neither gray nor white, and 
 without any white Spot or Mark, is 
 caird the French Zain. 
 
 Z E D O A R Y. 
 Zedoary has many of the fame 
 Qualities as Galangal^ and is good 
 in infedious Difeafes, and alfo to 
 flrengthen the Stomach and promote 
 Appetite. 
 
 / N I s. 
 
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