ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS 
 
 FIRST SESSION 
 
 PROVISIONAL CONGRESS 
 
 confederate' states, 
 
 **»* -" 
 
 HELD AT MONTGOMERY, ALA. 
 
 RICHMOND: 
 
 ENQUIRER BOOK AND JOB PRESS. 
 BY TYLER, WISE, ALLEGRE & SMITH. 
 
 1861. 
 
ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS, 
 
 No. 1.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To appoint Messrs. Reid & Shorter Printers to the Congress. 
 
 Resolved, That Messrs. Reicl & Shorter be appointed 
 printers to this Congress while it holds its sessions in Mont- 
 gomery ; and that all the work to be done, shall, in style and 
 quality, equal that done for the State of Alabama, and shall 
 be paid for at the same proportionate rates of compensation. 
 
 Adopted February 5, 1861. 
 
 No. 2] - A RESOLUTION 
 
 Accepting the appropriation of Five hundred Thousand 
 Dollars, made by the General Assembly of the State of 
 Alabama. 
 
 1st. Resolved by the Confederate States of America in 
 Congress assembled, That this Congress accept the liberal 
 offer of the General Assembly of the State of Alabama, to 
 place at the disposal of this body the sum of five hundred 
 thousand dollars as a loan to the Government of the Con- 
 federacy now being formed. 
 
 2d. Resolved by the authority aforesaid, That this Congress 
 place the highest appreciation upon this generous, patriotic 
 and considerate action of the State of Alabama and realize 
 in it the zealous devotion of the people of that State to the 
 cause of "Southern Independence." 
 
 Adopted February 8, 1861. 
 
 1/7 
 
36 
 No. 3.] A KESOLUTION 
 
 For the preservation of the Records of Congress. 
 
 Whereas, It is neqessary that the records of this Con- 
 gress be placed in a condition of safety, and those pertain- 
 ing to proceedings with closed doors in a condition of secrecy, 
 therefore, 
 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That the President of Congress be, and he is 
 hereby authorized and instructed to make proper provision 
 for the purposes herein declared. 
 
 Adopted February 8, 1861. 
 
 No. 4.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 In regard to the State of North Carolina, and the Commis- 
 sioners from said State to this Congress. 
 
 Whereas, The people of North Carolina and those of the 
 States represented in this Congress, have a common history, 
 a common sympathy, a common honor, and a common dan- 
 ger — and, whereas, it is the opinion and earnest desire of 
 this Congress, that the State of North Carolina should be 
 united in government with these States. 
 
 Be it therefore resolved, That this Congress receive with 
 pleasure the Commissioners from the State of North Caro- 
 lina, and hope to pursue such a course of action as shall 
 commend itself to, and induce the State of North Carolina 
 speedily to unite in our councils, and in such Government 
 as shall be formed by these States. 
 
 Adopted February 8, 1861. 
 
 No. 5.] AN ACT 
 
 To continue in force certain laws of the United States of 
 
 America. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That all the laws of the United States of Ameri- 
 ca, in force and in use in the Confederate States of America 
 
 m 
 
 Net) 
 
37 
 
 on the first day of November last, and not inconsistent with 
 the Constitution of the Confederate States, be and the same 
 are hereby continued in force until altered or repealed by 
 the Congress. 
 
 Adopted February 9, 1861. 
 
 No. 6.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 In relation to the occupation of the Forts and Arsenals, &c. 
 
 Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica, That this Government takes under its charge the ques- 
 tions and difficulties now existing between the several States 
 of this Confederacy, and the Government of the United 
 States of America, relating to the occupation of forts, 
 arsenals, navy yards, and other public establishments ; and 
 that the President of the Congress be directed to communi- 
 cate this resolution to the several States of this Confederacy 
 through the respective Governors thereof. 
 
 Adopted February 12, 1861. 
 
 No. 9.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 Authorizing the Secretary of Congress to arrange for Pub- 
 lication the Provisional Constitution for the Government 
 of the Confederate States of America, with the Autogarph 
 Signatures of Members of Congress, &c. 
 
 * Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That the Secretary of the Congress be allowed to 
 have engrossed and arranged for publication the Provisional 
 Constitution for the Government of the Confederate States 
 of America, with the autograph signatures of the members 
 of Congress, and the flag and seal of the Confederacy, 
 whenever adopted. 
 
 Adopted February 14, 1861. 
 
38 
 
 No. 11.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To authorize the Judiciary Committee to have such matter 
 printed as they may desire to lay before the Congress. 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 
 assembled, That the Judiciary Committee be authorized to 
 
 have such matter printed as they may desire to lay before 
 
 the Congress. 
 
 Adopted February 14, 1861. 
 
 No. 12] AN ACT 
 
 To continue in office the Officers connected with the Collec- 
 tion of the Customs in the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica. 
 
 Section 1 . Be it enacted by the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica in Congress assembled, That the several officers who, at 
 the time of the adoption of the Constitution of the Provi- 
 sional Government of these States, held and exercised any 
 office connected with the collection of the customs, duties 
 and imports in the several States of this Confederacy, or as 
 assistant treasurers entrusted with keeping the moneys 
 arising therefrom, are hereby appointed to the several offices 
 which at the said date they respectively held ; and they shall 
 have the same powers, be subject to the same duties, and be 
 entitled to the same salaries, fees and emoluments as are set 
 forth and provided in and by the laws of the United States 
 of America, until the first day of April next : Provided, 
 That the maximum of compensation which each collector shall 
 receive from all sources shall not exceed the rate of five 
 thousand dollars per annum. 
 
 Sec. 2. Each collector so appointed, shall within two 
 weeks from the date of this act, execute to the Confederate 
 States of America, a bond in the same amount and subject 
 to a like condition with his last bond to the United States of 
 America, with sureties to be approved by a judge of any 
 superior or circuit court of the Sta'ts where such collector is 
 located. And each of the other officers shall, within one 
 week after the collector shall have entered upon the dis- 
 charge of his duties, execute to the Confederate States of 
 
39 
 
 America, a bond in the same amount and subject to the like 
 condition with his last bond to the United States of America, 
 in case he was required to execute a bond, with sureties to 
 be approved by the collectors of the port where such office 
 is located. 
 
 Sec. 3. The said several officers shall take an oath before 
 a magistrate, well and faithfully to discharge the duties of 
 his office, and to support the Constitution of the Provisional 
 Government of the Confederate States of America, which 
 said oath shall be endorsed upon the bond ; and the bond 
 shall be filed in the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 or in such other place as .he may direct. 
 
 Adopted February 14, 1861. 
 
 No. 13.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To continue in office the Officers of the Customs. 
 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That until otherwise provided, the several officers 
 connected with the collection of the customs, duties and im- 
 posts in the several States of this Confederacy, be and they 
 are hereby confirmed and continued as officers of the Gov- 
 ernment of the Confederate Stages of America, with their 
 present salaries and emoluments, until the first day of April 
 next ; and that the Secretary of the Treasury be instructed 
 to report to Congress a plan, to go into effect at the said 
 date, whereby the expenses of collecting the revenue at each 
 custom house shall be diminished at least fifty per cent. 
 
 Adopted February 14, 1861. 
 
 No. 14.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 Giving certain powers to the Committee of Naval Affairs, 
 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That the committee on Naval Affairs be authorized 
 to procure the attendance, at the seat of Government, of all 
 such persons versed in naval affairs as they may deem ad- 
 visable to consult with in the preparation of their report. 
 
 Adopted February 14, 1861. 
 
40 
 
 No. 15.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To provide for Printing for the Committees of the Congress. 
 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That each of the Standing Committees of Congress 
 is authorized to cause to be printed any matters which it may 
 deem requisite for the use of the committee. 
 
 Adopted February 14, 1861. 
 
 No. 17.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 For the appointment of Commissioners to the Government 
 of the United States of America. 
 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That it is the sense of this Congress, that a com- 
 mission of three persons be appointed by the President elect 
 as early as may be convenient after his inauguration, and 
 sent to the Government of the United States of America, 
 for the purpose of negotiating friendly relations between 
 that Government and the Confederate States of America, 
 and for the settlement of all questions of disagreement be- 
 tween the two Governments upon principles of right, justice, 
 equity, and good faith. 
 
 Adopted February 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 18.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 For the Enforcement of the Revenue Laws. 
 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That the President of Congress instruct the col- 
 lectors of the several ports of this Confederacy to enforce 
 the existing revenue laws against all foreign countries, ex- 
 cept the State of Texas. 
 
 Adopted February 16, 1861. 
 
41 
 
 No. 19.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 For the relief of J. M. Walden, a citizen of Georgia. 
 
 Resolved by the Confederate States of America in Congress 
 assembled, That J. M. Walden, a citizen of the State of 
 Georgia, be and he is hereby authorized to file with the at- 
 torney-general, a caveat, accompanied by suitable drawings 
 and explanations, setting forth the design and purpose there- 
 of, for the protection and improvement claimed to have been 
 made by him in railroid switches, and that said caveat, when 
 so filed as aforesaid, shall be effectual to protect his rights 
 to said invention, until a patent office shall have been esta- 
 blished : Provided, That as soon as said office is established, 
 said caveat shall be filed with the commissioner thereof, and 
 such proceedings had thereon, as may be authorized by law. 
 
 Adopted February 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 20.] AN ACT 
 
 To exempt from Duty certain commodities therein named, 
 and for other purposes. 
 
 Section 1 . Be it enacted by the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica in C&ngress assembled, That the following articles shall be 
 exempt from duty and admitted free into said States, to- wit : 
 Bacon, pork, hams, lard, beef, fish of all kinds, wheat, and 
 flour of wheat, and flour of all other grains ; Indian corn 
 and meal ; barley and barley flour ; rye and rye flour ; oats 
 and oat meal ; gunpowder, and all the materials of which it 
 is made ; lead in all forms ; arms of every description, and 
 munitions of war and military accoutrements; percussion 
 caps ; living animals of all kinds ; also, all agricultural pro- 
 ducts in their natural state. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all goods, wares 
 and merchandize imported from any one of the late United 
 States of America, not being now a member of this Confed- 
 eracy, into this Confederacy before the fourth day of March 
 next, which may have been bona fide purchased heretofore, 
 or within ten days after the passage of this act, shall be ex- 
 empt and free from duty. 
 
42 
 
 Sec 3. And be it further enacted, That the State of Texas 
 be and is hereby exempted from the operation of the tariff 
 laws heretofore passed and adopted by this Congress. 
 
 Adopted February 18, 1861. 
 
 No. 21.] AN ACT 
 
 To Provide Munitions of War and for other purposes. 
 
 Section 1 . Be it enacted by the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica in Congress assembled, That the President or Secretary of 
 War, under his direction, is hereby authorized and empow- 
 ered to make contracts for the purchase and manufacture of 
 heavy ordnance and small arms ; and of machinery for the 
 manufacture or alteration of small arms and munitions of 
 war ; and to employ the necessary agents and artisans for 
 those purposes ; and to make contracts for the establishment 
 of powder mills and the manufacture of powder; and the 
 President is authorized to make contracts provided for in 
 this act, in such manner and on such terms as in his judg- 
 ment the public exigencies may require. 
 
 Approved February 20, 1861. 
 
 No. 22.] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the President to appoint a Private Secretary. 
 
 Section 1 . Be it enacted by the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ca in Congress assembled, and it is hereby enacted by the authori- 
 ty of the same, That the President of the Confederate States 
 ©f America be, and he is hereby authorized to appoint a pri- 
 vate secretary, through whom he may communicate with 
 Congress, and who shall discharge such duties as may be as- 
 signed him by the President, and shall receive such com- 
 pensation for his services as shall be fixed by law. 
 
 Approved February 20, 1861. 
 
43 
 
 No. 23.] AN ACT 
 
 To determine the Salaries of the Vice President and of the 
 Heads of Departments. 
 
 The Congress of tlie Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That the annual compensation of the Vice President, and of 
 the Secretaries of State, of the Treasury, of War, of the 
 Navy, the Postmaster General, and the Attorney General, 
 shall be at the rate of six thousand dollars, payable quar- 
 terly, in advance. 
 
 Approved February 21, 1861. 
 
 No. 24.] AN ACT 
 
 To organize the Department of State. 
 
 Sectiox 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That there shall be an Executive Department to be 
 denominated the Department of State ; and there shall be 
 a principal officer therein to be called the Secretary of State, 
 who shall perform and execute such duties as shall, from 
 time to time, be enjoined on or entrusted to him by the Pre- 
 sident of the Confederate States, agreeably to the Constitu- 
 tion, relative to correspondences, commissions or instructions 
 to or with public ministers or consuls from the Confederate 
 States, or to negotiations with public ministers from Foreign 
 States, or princes, or to memorials or other applications from 
 foreign public ministers, and other foreigners, or to such 
 other matters respecting foreign affairs as the President of 
 the Confederate States shall assign to the said department ; 
 and furthermore the said principal officer shall conduct the 
 business of the said department in such manner as the Presi- 
 dent of the Confederate States shall from time to time order or 
 instruct. Said Secretary shall be appointed by the President, 
 by and with the advice and consent of the Congress, and 
 shall receive a compensation to be ascertained and regulated 
 by law. « 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, It shall be the duty of the 
 Secretary of State to keep and preserve all bills and resolu- 
 
44 
 
 tions of the Congress having been approved or signed by 
 the President or otherwise become laws, and he shall care- 
 fully preserve the originals, and shall, as soon as conve- 
 niently may be after he shall receive the same, cause every 
 such law, order and resolution to be published in at least 
 three public newspapers, published within the Confederate 
 States, and shall also cause two printed copies, duly authen- 
 ticated, to be sent to the executive authority of each State. 
 It shall be the duty of the Secretary to keep the great seal 
 of the Confederate States, and to make out and record and 
 affix said seal to all civil commissions to officers of the Con- 
 federate States, to be appointed by the President, by and 
 with the advice of the Congress, or by the President alone : 
 Provided, That said seal shall not be affixed to any commis- 
 sion before it is signed by the President, nor to any other 
 instrument or act without the special warrant of the Presi- 
 dent, therefor. The said Secretary shall also cause a seal of 
 office to be made for said department, of such device as the 
 President shall approve, and all copies of records and 
 papers in said office, authenticated under the said seal, shall 
 be evidence equally as the original record or paper. 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That there shall be in the 
 said department a chief clerk to be appointed by the Secre- 
 tary, and such other clerks as from time to time may be 
 found necessary, and authorized by the Congress, who shall 
 receive a compensation for their services to be fixed by law ; 
 and the Secretary of State and every other person to be ap- 
 pointed or employed in said department shall, before he en- 
 ters on the execution of his office or employment, take an 
 oath or affirmation well and faithfully to execute the trust 
 committed to him. 
 
 Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, There shall be paid to 
 the Secretary, for the use of the Confederate States, the fol- 
 lowing fees of office by the persons requiring the services to 
 be performed, except when they are performed for any officer 
 of the Confederate States in a matter relating to the duties 
 of his office, to wit : for making out and authenticating 
 copies of records, ten cents for each hundred words ; for 
 authenticating a copy of a record or paper, under the seal of 
 office, one dollar. 
 
 Sec 5. And be it furtlwr enacted, This act shall be in force 
 and take effect from and after its passage. 
 
 Approved February 21, 1861. 
 
45 
 
 No. 25.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish the Treasury Department. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That there shall be an executive department 
 known as the Department of Treasury, in which shall be the 
 following officers, namely : A Secretary of the Treasury, to 
 be deemed the head of the department ; a Comptroller, an 
 Auditor, a Register, a Treasurer, and an Assistant to the 
 Secretary of the Treasury, which assistant shall be appointed 
 by the said Secretary ; all of which officers shall receive such 
 salaries respectively as may be provided by law. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty 
 of the Secretary of the Treasury to superintend the collec- 
 tion of the public revenue ; to digest and prepare plans for 
 the improvement and management thereof, and for the sup- 
 port of the public credit ; to prepare and report estimates of 
 the public revenue and the public expenditures ; to decide 
 on the forms of keeping and stating accounts and making 
 returns, and to grant, under the limitations herein establish- 
 ed or to be hereafter provided, all warrants for moneys to 
 be paid into the Treasury, and all warrants for moneys to 
 be issued from the Treasury in pursuance of appropriations 
 by law : to execute such services relative to the sale of the 
 public property belonging to the Confederate States as by 
 law may be required of him ; to make reports and give in- 
 formation to the Congress 'or the President — in person or in 
 writing, as may be required — concerning all matters referred 
 to him by the Congress or the President respectively, and 
 which shall appertain to his office ; and generally to perform 
 all such services relative to the finances, and all such other 
 duties, as he may by law be directed to perform. 
 
 Sec 3. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of 
 the Treasury shall have power to appoint a chief clerk, and 
 also such other clerks, from time to time, as he may deem 
 necessary, and Congress may authorize by law, which officers 
 shall respectively receive such compensation as may be pro- 
 vided by law. 
 
 Sec 4. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of 
 the Treasury shall cause to be procured an official seal, for 
 the Department of Treasury, to be approved by the Presi- 
 dent ; and copies of all official papers or records in said de^ 
 partment, certified under the seal thereof, shall be receiv- 
 
46 
 
 ■ed in evidence in all the courts of the Confederate States, in 
 lieu of such original papers or records. 
 
 Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty 
 of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury to examine all 
 letters, contracts and warrants prepared for the signature of 
 the Secretary of the Treasury, and perform all such other 
 duties as may be devolved on him by law or by the Secretary 
 of the Treasury. 
 
 Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty 
 of the Comptroller to superintend the adjustment and preser- 
 vation of the public accounts ; to examine all accounts set- 
 tled by the Auditor, and certify the balances arising there- 
 on to the Register ; to countersign all warrants drawn by 
 the Secretary of the Treasury which shall be authorized by 
 law ; to report to the Secretary the official forms of all pa- 
 pers to be issued in the different offices for collecting the 
 public revenue, and the manner and form of keeping and 
 stating the accounts of the several persons employed therein. 
 He shall moreover provide for the regular and punctual pay- 
 ment of all moneys which may be collected, and shall direct 
 prosecutions for all delinquencies of officers of the revenue, 
 and for debts that are or shall be due to the Confederate 
 States. 
 
 Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty 
 of the Auditor to receive all public accounts, and after ex- 
 amination to certify the balance and transmit the accounts, 
 with the vouchers and certificate, to the comptroller for his 
 decision thereon : Provided, That if any person whose ac- 
 count shall be so audited be dissatisfied therewith, he may 
 appeal to the comptroller against such settlement. 
 
 Sec 8. And be it further enacted, That the Auditor of the 
 public accounts shall be empowered to administer oaths or 
 affirmations to witnesses in any case in which he may deem 
 it necessary or proper for the due examination of the ac- 
 counts with which he may be charged. 
 
 Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty 
 of the Register to keep all accounts of the receipts and ex- 
 penditures of the public money, and of all debts due to or 
 from the Confederate States ; to receive from the comptroll- 
 er the accounts which shall have been finally adjusted, and 
 to preserve such accounts, with their vouchers and certifi- 
 cates ; to record all warrants for the receipt or payment of 
 moneys at the treasury, certify the same thereon, and to 
 transmit to the Secretary of the Treasury copies of the cer- 
 
47 
 
 tificates of balances of accounts adjusted as herein di- 
 rected. 
 
 Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the 
 duty of the treasurer to receive and keep the moneys of the 
 Confederate States, and to disburse the same upon warrants 
 drawn by the secretary of the treasury, countersigned by 
 the comptroller, and recorded by the register, and not other- 
 wise ; he shall take receipts for all moneys paid by him, and 
 all receipts for moneys received by him shall be endorsed 
 upon warrants signed by the secretary of the treasury, with- 
 out which warrant, so signed, no acknowledgment for money 
 received into the public treasury shall be valid. And the 
 said treasurer shall render his accounts to the comptroller 
 quarterly, or oftener if required, and shall transmit a copy 
 thereof, when settled, to the secretary of the treasury. He 
 shall, at all times, submit to the Secretary of the Treasury 
 and the Comptroller, or either of them, the inspection of the 
 books and records in his office, and of all moneys in his 
 hands ; and shall, prior to entering upon the duties of his 
 offiee, give bond, with good and sufficient sureties, to be ap- 
 proved by the Secretary of the Treasury and Comptroller, 
 in the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, pay- 
 able to the Confederate States of America, with condition 
 for the faithful performance of the duties of his office, and 
 for the fidelity of the persons to be by him employed, which 
 bond shall be lodged in the office of the Comptroller. 
 
 Sec 11. And be it further enacted, That no person appoint- 
 ed to any office instituted by this act, shall directly or indi- 
 rectly be concerned or interested as owner in whole or in 
 part of any sea vessel, or purchase by himself, or another 
 in trust for him, any public property or forfeited goods, or 
 be concerned in the purchase by himself, or another in trust 
 for him, any public property or forfeited goods, or be con- 
 cerned in the purchase or disposal of any public securities 
 of any State or of the Confederate States, or take or apply 
 to his own use any emolument or gain for negotiating or 
 transacting any business in the said department, other than 
 what shall be allowed by law ; and if any person shall offend 
 against any of the prohibitions of this act, he shall be guilty 
 of a high misdemeanor, and forfeit to the Confederate States 
 the penalty of three thousand dollars, and shall upon con- 
 viction be removed from office, and forever thereafter be in- 
 capable of holding any office under the Confederate States: 
 Provided, That if any other person than a public prosecutor 
 
48 
 
 shall give information of any such offence, upon which a 
 prosecution and conviction shall be had, one-half of the 
 aforesaid penalty of three thousand dollars, when recovered 
 shall be for the use of the person giving such information. 
 
 Approved February 21, 1861. 
 
 No. 26.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish the War Department. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That an Executive Department be and the same is 
 hereby established, under the name of the War Department, 
 the chief officer of which shall be called the Secretary of 
 War. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That said Secretary shall, 
 under the direction and control of the President, have 
 charge of all matters and things connected with the army, 
 and with the* Indian tribes within the limits of the Confed- 
 eracy, and shall perform such duties appertaining to the 
 army, and to said Indian tribes, as may from time to time be 
 assigned to him by the President. 
 
 Sec 3. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of 
 said department is hereby authorized to appoint a chief clerk 
 thereof, and as many inferior clerks as may be found neces- 
 sary, and may be authorized by law. 
 
 Approved February 21, 1861. 
 
 No. 27.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish the Navy Department. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That an Executive Department be and the same is 
 hereby established to be called the Navy Department. 
 
 Sec 2. Beit further enacted, That the chief officer of said 
 department shall be called the Secretary of the Navy, and 
 shall, under the direction and control of the President, have 
 
49 
 
 charge of all matters and things connected with the Navy 
 of the Confederacy, and shall perform all such duties apper- 
 taining to the Navy as shall from time to time be assigned 
 to him by the President 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That said Secretary shall be 
 authorized to appoint a chief clerk, and such other clerks as 
 may be found necessary, and be authorized by law. 
 
 Approved February 21, 1861. 
 
 No. 28.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish the Post Office Department. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That there shall be an executive department, to be denomi- 
 nated the Post Office Department, and there shall be a prin- 
 cipal officer therein, to be called the Postmaster General, 
 who shall perform such duties in relation to post offices and 
 post routes, as shall be enjoined on him by the President of 
 the Confederate States, agreeably to the Constitution and 
 the laws of the land, who shall be paid an annual salary to 
 be fixed by law, and have power to appoint a chief clerk, 
 and such inferior clerks as may be found necessary, who 
 shall receive such compensation as may be fixed by law. 
 
 Approved February 21, 1861. 
 
 No 29.] AN ACT 
 
 To organize and establish an Executive Department, to be 
 known as the Department of Justice. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That from and after the passage of this act, there 
 shall be an executive department to be known as the Depart- 
 ment of Justice. The principal officer at the head of said 
 department shall be denominated the Attorney General, who 
 shall be paid an annual salary to be fixed by law, and who 
 shall have the power to appoint a clerk, at such compensa- 
 tion as may be fixed by law. 
 
 Sec 2. It shall be the duty of the Attorney General to 
 prosecute and conduct all suits in the Supreme Court, in 
 which the Confederate States shall be concerned, and to give 
 
50 
 
 his advice and opinion upon questions of law, when required 
 by the President of the Confederate States, or when re- 
 quested by any of the heads of departments, touching any 
 matters that may concern their departments on subjects be- 
 fore them. He shall also have supervisory power over the 
 accounts of the marshals, clerks, and officers of all the 
 courts of the Confederate States, and all claims against the 
 Confederate States. 
 
 Approved February 21, 1861. 
 
 No. 30.] AN ACT 
 
 To prescribe the Rates of Postage in the Confederate States 
 of America, and for other purposes. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Ame- 
 rica do enact, That from and after such period as the Post- 
 master General may by proclamation announce, there shall 
 be charged the following rates of postage, to wit : For 
 every single sealed letter, and for every letter in manuscript 
 or paper of any kind, upon which information shall be asked 
 for or communicated in writing or by marks or signs, con- 
 veyed in the mail for any distance between places within 
 the Confederate States of America, not exceeding five hun- 
 dred miles, five cents ; and for any distance exceeding five 
 hundred miles double that rate; and every letter or parcel 
 not exceeding half an ounce in weight shall be deemed a 
 single letter, and every additional weight of half an ounce, or 
 additional weight of less than half an ounce, shall be charged 
 with an additional single postage ; and all packages con- 
 taining other than printed or written matter — and money 
 packages are included in this class — shall be rated by weight 
 as letters are rated, and shall be charged double the rates of 
 postage on letters ; and all drop letters, or letters placed in 
 any post office not for transmission but for delivery only, 
 shall bo charged with postage at the rate of two cents each ; 
 and in all the foregoing cases the postage must be pre-paid 
 by stamps ; and all letters which shall hereafter be adver- 
 tised as remaining over or uncalled for in any post office 
 shall be charged with two cents each in addition to the re- 
 gular postage, both to be accounted for as other postages of 
 this Confederacy. 
 
51 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all newspapers not 
 exceeding three ounces in weight sent from the office of pub- 
 lication to actual and bona fide subscribers, shall be charged 
 with postage as follows, to wit : The postage on the regular 
 numbers of a newspaper published weekly, within the State 
 where published, shall be six and one-half cents per quar- 
 ter ; and papers published semi-weekly, double that rate ; 
 and papers published thrice a week, treble that rate ; and 
 papers published daily, six times that rate ; and the postage 
 on all newspapers to actual subscribers without the State 
 where published shall be charged double the foregoing 
 rates. And periodicals sent from the office of publication 
 to actual and bona fide subscribers shall be charged with 
 postage as follows, to wit: The postage on the regular 
 numbers of a periodical not exceeding one and a half ounces 
 in weight, and published monthly, within the State where 
 published, shall be three cents per quarter ; if published 
 semi-monthly, double that rate ; and for every additional 
 ounce or fraction of an ounce, double the foregoing rates, 
 shall be charged ; and periodicals published quarterly or bi- 
 monthly shall be charged one cent an ounce ; and the post^ 
 age on all periodicals without the State where published., 
 shall be double the specified rates ; and regular subscribers. 
 to newspapers and periodicals shall be required to pay one 
 quarter's postage in advance. And there shall be charged 
 upon every other newspaper, and each circular not sealed, 
 hand bill, engraving, pamphlet, periodical and magazine, 
 which shall be unconnected with any manuscript or written 
 matter, not exceeding three ounces in weight, two cents ; 
 and for each additional ounce or fraction of an ounce, two 
 cents additional ; and in all cases the postage shall be pre- 
 paid by stamps. And books, bound or unbound, not Aveigh- 
 ing four pounds shall be deemed mailable matter, and shall 
 be charged with postage to be pre-paid by stamps, at two 
 cents an ounce for any distance. The publishers of news- 
 papers or periodicals may send to each other, from their 
 respective offices of publication, free of postage, one copy 
 of each publication. 
 
 Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the 
 duty of the Postmaster General to provide and furnish to 
 all deputy postmasters, and to all other persons applying 
 and paying therefor, suitable postage stamps and stamped 
 envelopes, of the denomination of two cents, five cents, and 
 twenty cents, to facilitate the pre-payment of postages. 
 
52 
 
 provided for in this act ; and any person who shall forge or 
 counterfeit any postage stamp provided or furnished under 
 the provisions of this or any former act, whether the same 
 are impressed or printed on or attached to envelopes or not, 
 or any die, plate, or engraving therefor, or shall make or 
 print, or knowingly use or sell, or have in his possession with 
 intent to use or sell, any such false, forged, or counterfeited 
 die, plate, engraving, or postage stamp, or who shall make 
 <or print, or authorize or procure to be made or printed, any 
 postage stamps of the kind provided and furnished by the 
 Postmaster General as aforesaid, without the especial au- 
 thority and direction of the Post Office Department, or who, 
 after such postage stamps have been printed, shall, with in- 
 tent to defraud the revenues of the Post Office Department, 
 deliver any postage stamps to any peson or persons other 
 than such as shall be authorized to receive the same by an 
 instrument of writing, duly executed under the hand of the 
 Postmaster General and the seal of the Post Office Depart- 
 ment, shall, on conviction thereof, be deemed guilty of 
 felony, and be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred 
 dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding five years, or by 
 both such fine and imprisonment ; and the expenses of pro- 
 curing and providing all such postage stamps and letter en- 
 velopes as are provided for or authorized by this act, shall 
 be paid, after being adjusted by the Auditor of the Post 
 Office Department, on the certificate of the Postmaster Gen- 
 eral, out of any money in the treasury arising from the 
 revenues of the Post Office Department. 
 
 Sec. 4. And-be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty 
 of every postmaster to cause to be defaced, in such manner 
 as the Postmaster General shall direct, all postage stamps of 
 this Confederacy attached to letters deposited in his office 
 for delivery, or to be sent by mail ; and if any postmaster 
 sending letters in the mail with such postage stamps at- 
 tached shall omit to deface the same it shall be the duty of 
 the postmaster to whose office such letters shall be sent for 
 delivery to deface the stamps and report the delinquent 
 postmaster to the Postmaster General. And if any person 
 shall use or attempt to use in pre-payment of postage any 
 postage stamps which shall have been before used for like 
 purposes, such person shall be subject to a penalty of fifty 
 dollars for every such offence, to be recovered in the name 
 of the Confederate States of America in any court of com- 
 petent jurisdiction. 
 
53 
 
 Sec 5. And be it further enacted, That from and after the* 
 day when this act goes into effect the franking privilege 
 shall be abolished; Provided, that the Postmaster General 
 and his chief clerks and Auditor of the Treasury for the 
 Post Office Department shall be and they are hereby au- 
 thorized to transmit through the mail, iree of postage, any 
 letters, packages, or other matters relating exclusively to 
 their official duties or to the business of the Post Office De- 
 partment ; but they shall, in every such case, indorse on the 
 back of the letter or package to be sent free of postage, 
 over their own signature, the words " Official Business." 
 And for any such indorsement falsely made, the person so 
 offending shall forfeit and pay three hundred dollars. And 
 provided further, The several deputy postmasters throughout 
 the Confederate States shall be and hereby are authorized 
 to send through the mail, free of postage, all letters and 
 packages which it may be their duty or they may have oc- 
 casion to transmit to any person or place, and which shall 
 relate exclusively to the business of their respective offices 
 or to the business of the Post Office Department ; but in 
 every such case the deputy postmaster sending any such 
 letter or package shall indorse thereon, over his own signa- 
 ture, the words " Post Office Business." And for any 
 and every such indorsement falsely made, the person making 
 the same shall forfeit and pay three hundred dollars. 
 
 Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That the third section 
 of an act entitled " An act further to amend an act entitled 
 ' An act to reduce and modify the rates of postage in the 
 United States, and for other purposes, passed March third, 
 eighteen hundred and fifty-one,' " approved March 3d, 1855, 
 whereby the letter registration system was established, be 
 and is hereby repealed from and after the day when this act 
 goes into effect. 
 
 Sec. 7. Be it further enacted, That no letters shall be 
 carried by the express or other chartered companies, unless 
 the same shall be pre-paid by being enclosed in a stamped 
 envelope of this Confederacy ; and any company violating 
 the provisions of this act shall forfeit and pay the sum of 
 five hundred dollars for each offence, to be recovered by ac- 
 tion of debt in any court of this Confederacy having cog- 
 nizance thereof, in the name and for the use of this Con- 
 federacy. 
 
 Sec 8. Be it further enacted, That the Postmaster General 
 of the Confederate States be and is hereby authorized to 
 
54 
 
 make all necessary arrangements for the transmission of mails 
 between the territories of this and other governments, sub- 
 ject to the approval of the President, until postal treaties can 
 be effected. 
 
 Approved Februay 23, 1861. 
 
 No. 31.] AN ACT 
 
 For the Relief of William P. Barker. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That William P. Barker, a citizen of the State 
 of Alabama, be authorized to file in the office of the Attorney 
 General, a specification of an invention claimed to have been 
 made by him, as an improvement in the mode of casting ord- 
 nance, and that, the same shall, from this date, operate as a 
 caveat, to protect his said invention until an application can 
 be made for a patent according to law. 
 
 Approved February 25, 1861. 
 
 No. 32.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To provide an Executive Mansion. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do resolve, 
 That the committee to arrange for government buildings be 
 authorized to lease a furnished mansion for the residence of 
 the President of the Confederate States. 
 
 Approved February 25, 1861. 
 
 No. 33.] AN ACT 
 
 In relation to Public Printing. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That the Secretary of Congress shall, after each 
 session, prepare for publication fair copies of all the acts 
 
passed by Congress, and resolutions of a public nature in- 
 tended to have the effect of laws, together with the Constitu- 
 tions for a Provisional and Permanent Government of this 
 Confederacy, adopted by this Congress. 
 
 Sec. 2. The acts shall be arranged under appropriate ti- 
 tles, shall bave marginal notes to each section, and be fully 
 indexed. 
 
 Sec. 3. The Secretary shall also prepare for publication 
 copies of the public journal of the proceedings of this Con- 
 gress, and a full index for the same. 
 
 Sec 4. The acts and journals, when prepared, shall be de- 
 livered to the public printers, who shall, without delay, pub- 
 lish three thousand corjies of each, in a style equal in execu- 
 tion, and upon paper of the same quality in every respect, 
 as the laws of the United States, as annually published by 
 Messrs. Little & Brown. 
 
 Sec 5. The acts of Congress thus published shall be bound 
 by the public printers in a style not inferior to the acts of the 
 General Assembly of the State of Alabama, for which service 
 he shall receive the sum of twenty-five cents per copy. 
 
 Sec 6. The public printers shall be entitled to receive as 
 compensation for the publication of the laws and journal the 
 following prices, viz : 
 
 For each page of the laws and journals, including press- 
 work, paper, pressing, folding and stitching, the sum of six 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec 7. For all job printing ordered by Congress the pub- 
 lic printers shall receive the following compensation and no 
 more, viz : 
 
 First : For bills, resolutions, and reports — For composition 
 per page (foolscap) one dollar and seventy-five cents ; for 
 press-work, folding and stitching one hundred copies, twen- 
 ty-five cents per page, and pro rata for all copies over one 
 hundred. 
 
 Second : For rules, constitutions and other pamphlets — 
 For composition, per page, (octavo) in small pica, plain, one 
 dollar; in small pica, rule, one dollar and fifty cents; for 
 brevier, plain, one dollar and fifty cents ; for brevier, rule, 
 two dollars; for rule and figure work on page larger than royal 
 octavo, per 1000 ems, one dollar: for press-work, including 
 folding and stitching, per token, seventy cents. 
 
 Third : For yeas and nays, circular letters, and other 
 miscellaneous printing ordered by Congress — For composi- 
 tion, plain work, per 1000 ems, seventy cents ; rule and 
 
56 
 
 figure work per 1000 ems, one dollar; for press-work, in- 
 cluding folding and stitching, per token or fraction of token, 
 seventy-cents. 
 
 Fourth : For all paper on which printing is done for Con- 
 gress, the public printer shall be allowed the fair market cost 
 thereof, and twenty per centum additional thereto. 
 
 Fifth : On all work done for Congress when in secret ses- 
 sion, the public printer shall receive an additional compensa- 
 tion of ten per centum on the above rates. 
 
 Sec. 8. The chief officers of the Executive Departments 
 of the Government are hereby authorized to contract for all 
 necessary printing in connection with their several offices, 
 in no case, however, at higher rates, of compensation than 
 hereinbefore prescribed for work done for Congress. 
 
 Sec. 9. The Postmaster General shall contract for the 
 publication of all post bills and other blanks connected with 
 his office, not exceeding the following rates : For composi- 
 tion, including rule and figure work, per 1000 ems, fifty 
 cents ; for press-work, per clean token, (the sheets not to be 
 less than 16 by 26 inches,) fifty cents ; for paper, ten per cent, 
 on actual cost. Nothing shall be allowed for altering the 
 name of a postmaster on a post bill or other blank, nor shall 
 there be an additional charge for composition when the name 
 ot the post-office alone is changed. But the printer shall be 
 required to keep always on hand, forms for post-office blanks, 
 and when new orders are given, the charge shall be made 
 only for the press-work and paper, and such new composi- 
 tion as may be necessary. 
 
 Sec. 10. All accounts for printing clone for Congress or 
 any one of the Executive Departments shall, before the same 
 are allowed and paid, be sworn to by the public printer 
 or contractor ; shall be accompanied by vouchers, showing 
 the cost of the paper used and the quantity thereof, and shall 
 be certified to be correctly made out under the law by at 
 least tAvo disinterested practical printers in no way connected 
 with the office or business of the claimant. 
 
 Sec 11. The foregoing rates and provisions do not apply 
 to advertisements in public gazettes by order of any of the 
 Executive Departments, for which the usual fees paid by other 
 advertisers shall be allowed. But no advertisement from 
 any of the Executive Departments shall be inserted in more 
 than three public gazettes in the same State. 
 
 Sec 12. When printing on parchment is required to be 
 done for an Executive Department, the parchment shall be 
 
57 
 
 purchased and furnished by such department, and a special 
 contract made for such printing, not exceeding ten dollars 
 per thousand copies. 
 
 Sec. 13. There shall be connected with the Department 
 of Justice, a Bureau of Printing, the chief officer of which 
 shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice 
 and consent of the Congress, and shall be known as the Su- 
 perintendent of Public Printing. No person shall be eligible 
 to this office who is not skilled in and acquainted with the 
 practical details of the business of printing ; nor shall the Su- 
 perintendent of Public Printing be in any manner, directly 
 or indirectly, interested in the contracts for public printing, 
 nor with the printing office at which the same is done, 
 nor connected with any newspaper in any capacity whatever. 
 
 Sec 14. It shall be the duty of the Superintendent to su- 
 pervise, direct and control all the printing done by order of 
 Congress, or under contract with any Executive Depart- 
 ment, as to the quality of paper to be used, the character 
 of type, the style of binding, and the general execution of the 
 work ; and also as to the time and order in which the same 
 shall be completed. It shall be his duty also to report to the 
 head of the department, at least once a year, the condition 
 of the public printing, stating the amount paid out for the 
 same on each contract, specifying the amount paid out under 
 the order of each department, and giving estimates of the 
 probable expenditure for the succeeding year ; which report 
 shall be laid before the Congress by the President, in con- 
 nection Avith his annual message. It shall be his duty also 
 to take from every contractor for public printing such bond, 
 with good security, as he may require, not exceeding the 
 probable amount of the contract price for the printing to be 
 done by such contractor, and conditioned for the faithful 
 performance of his contract in every particular. Such bonds 
 shall be renewed annually by contractors whose work shall 
 be continuing in its character and extends beyond the year 
 of its commencement. 
 
 Sec. 15. All accounts for printing done, when rendered as 
 hereinbefore provided, shall be audited and allowed by the 
 Superintendent of Public Printing before the same shall be 
 paid. If the Superintendent shall refuse to receive any 
 work done, or shall refuse to allow any account rendered, 
 the printer or contractor may appeal from such decision to the 
 head of the department, whose decision, on the appeal, shall 
 be final and conclusive. 
 
58 
 
 Sec 16. All laws or parts of laws militating against the 
 provisions of this act are hereby repealed. 
 
 Approved February 27, 1861. 
 
 No. 34.] AN ACT 
 
 To declare and establish the Free Navigation of the Missis- 
 sippi River. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That the peaceful navigation of the Mississippi 
 River is hereby declared free to the citizens of any of the 
 States upon its borders, or upon the borders of its navigable 
 tributaries ; and all ships, boats, rafts or vessels may navigate 
 the same, under such regulations as may be established by 
 authority of law, or under such police regulations as may be 
 established by the States within their several jurisdictions. 
 
 Sec 2. Be it further enacted, All ships, boats, or vessels 
 which may enter the waters of the said river within the limits 
 of this Confederacy, from any port or place beyond the said 
 said limits, may freely pass with their cargoes to any other 
 port or place beyond the limits of this Confederacy without 
 any duty or hindrance, except light-money, pilotage, and 
 other like charges : but it shall not be lawful for any such 
 ship, boat or vessel to sell, deliver, or in any way dispose of 
 any part of her cargo, or land any portion thereof for the 
 purpose of sale and delivery within the limits of this Confed- 
 eracy ; and in case any portion of such cargo shall be sold or 
 delivered, or landed for that purpose in violation of the pro- 
 visions of this act, the same shall be forfeited, and shall be 
 seized and condemned by a proceeding in admiralty, before 
 the court having jurisdiction of the same in the district in 
 which the same may be found ; and the ship, boat or vessel 
 shall forfeit four times the amount of the value of the duties 
 chargeable on the said goods, wares or merchandise so landed, 
 sold or disposed of in violation of the provisions of this act, 
 to be recovered by a proper proceeding in admiralty before 
 the said court, in the district in which such ship, boat, or 
 vessel may be found, one-half for the use of the collector of 
 the district, who shall institute and conduct such proceeding, 
 the other half for the use of the Government of the Con- 
 
59 
 
 federate States : Provided, That if any such ship, boat or 
 vessel shall be stranded, or from any cause become unable to 
 proceed on its voyage, the cargo thereof may be landed and 
 the same be entered at the nearest port of entry, in the 
 same manner as goods, wares and merchandise regularly con- 
 signed to said port ; and the person so entering the same 
 shall be entitled to the benefit of drawback of duties or of 
 warehousing said goods, wares and merchandise as provided 
 by law in other cases. 
 
 Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, If any person having 
 the charge of or being concerned in the transportation of 
 any goods, wares or merchandize upon the said river, shall, 
 with intent to defraud the revenue, break open or unpack, 
 within the limits of the Confederate States, any part of the 
 merchandize entered for transportation beyond the said 
 limits, or shall exchange or consume the same, or with like 
 intent shall break or deface any seal or fastening placed 
 thereon by any officer of the revenue, or if any person shall 
 deface, alter or forge any certificate granted for the pro- 
 tection of merchandize transported as aforesaid, each and 
 every person so offending shall forfeit and pay five hundred 
 dollars, and shall be imprisoned not less than one or more 
 than six months, at the discretion of the court before which 
 such person shall be convicted. 
 
 Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, In case any ship, boat or 
 vessel shall enter the waters of the said river within the 
 limits of the Confederate States, having on board «ny goods, 
 wares or merchandize subject to the payment of duties, and the 
 master, consignee or owner shall desire to land the same for 
 sale or otherwise, it shall be lawful to enter said goods, wares 
 and merchandize at any port of entry, in the same manner 
 as goods, wares or merchandize regularly consigned to the 
 said port, or to forwar 1 them under bond or seal, according 
 to the regulations customary in such cases, when consigned 
 to any port or place beyond the limits of this Confederacy, 
 and on payment of the duties on said goods, to obtain from 
 the collector a license to land the same at any point on the 
 river ; and when goods, wares or merchandize shall be enter- 
 ed as aforesaid, the owner, importer or consignee shall be 
 entitled to the benefit of drawback of duties or of warehous- 
 ing the said goods, wares and merchandize, as is provided by 
 law, upon complying with all the laws and regulations which 
 apply^to cases of entry for drawback or warehousing re- 
 spectively. 
 
60 
 
 Sec. 5. Be it further enacted, When any such ship, boat 
 or vessel, having on board goods, wares and merchandize 
 subject to the payment of duties, as set forth in the fourth 
 section, shall arrive at the first port of her entry of the 
 Confederate States, the master or person in command of 
 such ship, boat or vessel shall, before he pass the said port, 
 and immediately after his arrival, deposit with the collector 
 a manifest of the cargo on board subject to the payment of 
 duties, and the said collector shall, after registering the 
 same, transmit it, duly certified to have been deposited, to 
 the officers with whom the entries are to be made, and the 
 said collector may, if he judge it necessary for the security 
 of the revenue, put an inspector of the customs on board 
 any such ship, boat or vessel, to accompany the same until 
 her arrival at the first port of entry to which her cargo may 
 be consigned ; and if the master or person in command shall 
 omit to deposit a manifest as aforesaid, or refuse to receive 
 such inspector on board, he shall forfeit and pay five hun- 
 dred dollars, with costs of suit, one-half to the use of the 
 officer with whom the manifest should have been deposited, 
 and the other half to the use of the collector of the district 
 to which the vessel was bound : Provided, however, That 
 until ports of entry shall be established above the city of 
 Vicksburg, on the Mississippi River, the penalties of this 
 act shall not extend to the delivery of goods above that port 
 by vessels or boats descending said river. 
 
 Approved February 25, 1861. 
 
 No. 35.] AN ACT 
 
 To modify the Navigation Laws and repeal all Discrimina- 
 ting Duties on Ship's or Vessels. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That all laws which forbid the employment in 
 the coasting trade of ships or vessels not enrolled or licensed, 
 and also all laws which forbid the importation of goods, 
 wares or merchandize from one port of the Confederate 
 States, to another port of the Confederate States, or from any 
 foreign port or place, in a vessel belonging wholly or in part 
 to a subject or citizen of any foreign State or power, are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
61 
 
 Sec. 2. All laws which impose any discriminating duty 
 on the tonnage of ships or vessels owned by any subject or 
 citizen of any foreign State or power, or upon goods, wares 
 or merchandize imported in any such ship or vessel, are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
 Approved February 26, 1861. 
 
 No. 36.] AN ACT 
 
 To define more accurately the exemption of certain Goods 
 from Duty. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 lhat the exemption from duties allowed by the act to « Ex- 
 empt from duties certain commodities therein named, and 
 for other purposes," passed on the eighteenth day of Feb- 
 ruary, 1861, shall extend only to such goods, bona fide pur- 
 chased on or before the twenty-eighth day of February 
 instant, as shall have been actually laden on board of the 
 exporting vessel or conveyance destined for any port in this 
 Confederacy, on or before the fifteenth day of March in the 
 present year. ' 
 
 Approved February 26, 1861. 
 
 No. 37.] AN ACT 
 
 For the Establishment and Organization of a General Staff 
 for the Army of the Confederate States of America. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That from and after the passage of this act the 
 general staff of the army of the Confederate States 'shall 
 consist of an Adjutant and Inspector General's Department 
 Quartermaster General's Department, Subsistence Depart- 
 ment, and the Medical Department. 
 
 Sec 2. Be it further enacted, That the Adjutant and In- 
 spector General's Department shall consist of one Adjutant 
 and Inspector General with the rank of Colonel four As 
 
62 
 
 sistant Adjutants General with the rank of Major, and four 
 Assistant Adjutants General with the rank of Captain. 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That the Quartermaster 
 General's Department shall consist of one Quartermaster 
 General with the rank of Colonel, six Quartermasters with 
 the rank of major ; and as many Assistant Quartermasters 
 as may from time to time be required by the service may be 
 detailed by the War Department from the subalterns of the 
 line, who, in addition to their pay in the line, shall receive 
 twenty dollars per month while engaged in that service. 
 The Quartermasters herein provided for shall also discharge 
 the duties of Paymasters, under such regulations as may be 
 prescribed by the Secretary of War. 
 
 Sec 4. Be it further enacted, That the Commissary Gen- 
 eral's Department shall consist of one Commissary General 
 with the rank of Colonel, four Commissaries with the rank 
 of Captain ; and as many Assistant Commissaries as may 
 from time to time be required by the service may be detail- 
 ed by the War Department from the subalterns of the line, 
 who, in addition to their pay in the line, shall receive twen- 
 ty dollars per month while engaged in that service. The 
 Assistant Quartermasters and Assistant Commissaries shall 
 be subject to duties in both departments at the same time, 
 but shall not receive the additional compensation but in one 
 department. 
 
 Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the Medical De- 
 partment shall consist of one Surgeon General with the rank 
 of Colonel, four Surgeons with the rank of Major, and six 
 Assistant Surgeons with the rank of Captain ; and as many 
 Assistant Surgeons as the service may require may be em- 
 ployed by the Department of War, and receive the pay of 
 Assistant Surgeons. 
 
 Sec. 6. Be it further enacted, That the officers of the Ad- 
 jutant General's, Quartermaster General's and Commissary 
 General's Department, though eligible to command, accord- 
 ing to the rank they hold in the army of the Confederate 
 States of America, shall not assume command of troops, 
 unless put on duty under orders which specially so direct by 
 authority of the President. The officers of the Medical 
 Department shall not exercise command except in their own 
 department. 
 
 Sec 7. Be it further enacted, That the staff officers here- 
 in provided for shall be appointed by the President, by and 
 with the advice and consent of the Congress, and shall re- 
 
63 
 
 ceive such pay and allowances as shall be hereafter estab- 
 lished by law. 
 
 Approved February 26, 1861. 
 
 No. 38.] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to establish ad- 
 ditional Ports and places of Entry and Delivery, and ap- 
 point Officers therefor. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Ame- 
 rica do enact, That the Secretary of the Treasury be and he 
 is hereby authorized and empowered to establish such ports 
 of entry and delivery of goods, wares and merchandize as 
 in his judgment may be necessary for the proper collection 
 of the customs and the enforcement of the revenue laws of 
 the Confederate States ; and that he have power to change, 
 alter and abolish such ports and places of entry and de- 
 livery at any time when the public interests may re- 
 quire it. 
 
 Sec 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of 
 the Treasury be and he is hereby authorized and empower- 
 ed to appoint suitable persons as collectors of the customs 
 at such ports and places of entry and delivery, under such 
 regulations and with such salaries as he may from time to 
 time prescribe and establish. 
 
 Approved February 28, 1861. 
 
 No. 40.] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the Secretary of State to appoint an Assistant. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That the Secretary of State be and he is hereby authorized 
 and empowered to appoint an assistant, who shall be known 
 as the Assistant Secretary of State, who shall perform such 
 duties as may be assigned him by the Secretary, and re- 
 ceive such compensation for his services as may be fixed by 
 law. 
 
 Approved February 27, 1861. 
 
64 
 
 No. 41.] AN ACT 
 
 To raise Money for the support of the Government, and to 
 provide for the Defence of the Confederate States of 
 America. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the President of the Confederate States 
 be and he is hereby authorized, at any time within twelve 
 months after the passage of this act, to borrow, on the credit 
 of the Confederate States, a sum not exceeding fifteen mil- 
 lions of dollars, or so much thereof as in his opinion the ex- 
 igencies of the public service may require, to be applied to 
 the payment of appropriations made by law for the support 
 of the Government and for the defences of the Confederate 
 States. 
 
 Sec. 2. The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby author- 
 ized, by the consent of the President of the Confederate 
 States, to cause to be prepared certificates of stock or bonds, 
 in such sums as are hereinafter mentioned, for the amount to 
 be borrowed as aforesaid, to be signed by the Register of the 
 Treasury and sealed with the seal of the Treasury ; and the 
 said certificates of stock or bonds shall be made payable at 
 the expiration of ten years from the first day of September 
 next; and the interest thereon shall be paid semi-annually, 
 at the rate of eight per cent, per annum, at the Treasury 
 and such other place as the Secretary of the Treasury may 
 designate. And to the bonds which shall be issued as afore- 
 said shall be attached coupons for the semi-annual interest 
 which shall accrue, which coupons may be signed by offi- 
 cers to be appointed for the purpose by the Secretary of the 
 Treasury. And the faith of the Confederate States is here- 
 by pledged for the due payment of the principal and interest 
 of the said stock and bonds. 
 
 Sec 3. At the expiration of five years from the first day 
 of September next, the Confederate States may pay up any 
 portion of the bonds or stocks, upon giving three months 
 previous public notice, at the seat of Government, of the par- 
 ticular stocks or bonds to be paid, and the time and place of 
 payment ; and from and after the time so appointed, no fur- 
 ther interest shall be paid on said stock or bonds. 
 
 Sec 4. The certificates of stock and bonds shall be issued 
 in such form and for such amounts as may be determined by 
 the Secretary of the Treasury, and may be assigned or de- 
 
65 
 
 livered under sucli regulations as lie may establish. But 
 none of them shall be for a less sum than fifty dollars, and 
 he shall report to Congress, at its next session, a statement 
 in detail of his proceedings, and the rate at which the loans 
 may have been made, and all the expenses attending the 
 same. 
 
 Sec. 5. From and after the first day of August, 1861, 
 there shall be levied and collected and paid a duty of one- 
 eighth of one cent, per pound on all cotton in the raw state 
 exported from the Confederate States, which duty is hereby 
 specially pledged to the due payment of interest and princi- 
 pal of the loan provided for in this act; and the Secretary 
 of the Treasury is hereby authorized and required to estab- 
 lish a sinking fund to carry into effect the provisions of this 
 section : Provided, however, That the interest coupons, is- 
 sued under the second section of this act, when due, shall 
 be receivable in payment of the export duty on cotton : 
 Provided, also, That when the debt and interest thereon 
 herein authorized to be contracted shall be extinguished, or 
 the sinking fund provided for that purpose shall be ad- 
 equate to that end, the said export duty shall cease and 
 determine. 
 
 Approved February 28, 1861. 
 
 No. 42.] AN ACT 
 
 Supplemental to an act to regulate the Rates of Postage and 
 for other purposes. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That until postage stamps and stamped envel- 
 opes can be procured and distributed, the Postmaster Gen- 
 eral may order the postage of the Confederacy to be 
 prepaid in money, under such rules and regulations as he 
 may adopt. 
 
 Sec. 2. Bz it further enacted, That until otherwise provid- 
 ed by law, the Postmaster General may contract with any 
 line of steamers for the transportation of mail matter be- 
 tween the ports of this Confederacy and the ports of foreign 
 governments : Provided, That the rates of postage shall not 
 exceed the rates allowed by the present laws of the United; 
 
66 
 
 States for similar service, and the compensation ..to be paid 
 shall not exceed the income from postage on such matter. 
 
 Approved March 1, 1861. 
 
 No. 43.] AN ACT 
 
 To raise Provisional Forces for the Confederate States of 
 America, and for other purposes. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That to enable the Government of the Confed- 
 erate States to maintain its jurisdiction over all questions 
 of peace and war, and to provide for the public defence, the 
 President be and he is hereby authorized and directed to 
 assume control of all military operations in every State, 
 having reference to or connection with questions between 
 said States, or any of them, and powers foreign to them. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That the President is 
 hereby authorized to receive from the several States the 
 arms and munitions of war which have been acquired from 
 the United States, and which are now in the forts, arsenals 
 and navy yards of said States, and all other arms and mu- 
 nitions which they may desire to turn over and make charge- 
 able to this government. 
 
 Sec 3. And be it further enacted, That the President be au- 
 thorized to receive into the service of this Government such 
 forces now in the service of said States as may be tendered, 
 or who may volunteer, by consent of their State, in such 
 numbers as he may require, for any time not less than twelve 
 months, unless sooner discharged. 
 
 Sec 4. Be it further enacted, That such forces may be 
 ireceived, with their officers, by companies, battalions or 
 regiments, and when so received shall form a part of the 
 Provisional Army of the Confederate States, according to 
 the terms of their enlistment; and the President shall ap- 
 point, by and with the advice and consent of Congress, such 
 general officer or officers for said forces as may be necessa- 
 ry for the service. 
 
 Sec 5. Be it further enacted, That said forces, when re- 
 ceived into the service of this Government, shall have the 
 .same pay and allowances as may be provided by law for 
 
67 
 
 volunteers entering the service, or for the army of the Con- 
 federate States, and shall be subject to the same rules and 
 government. 
 
 Approved February 28, 1861. 
 
 No. 44.] AN ACT 
 
 To admit Texas as a member of the Confederate States of 
 
 America. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact 9 
 That the State of Texas be and is hereby admitted as a 
 member of this Confederacy, upon an equal footing with the 
 other Confederate States. 
 
 Approved March 2, 1861. 
 
 No. 45.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 In relation to Patents and Caveats. 
 
 Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of America, 
 That all persons, being citizens of the Confederate States, 
 who may wish to procure patents or file caveats for inven- 
 tions and useful discoveries and improvements, may file in 
 the office of the Attorney General a specification of such 
 invention, discovery or improvement, together with such 
 descriptive drawings as may be necessary ; and such speci- 
 fication, when so filed, shall operate as a caveat to protect 
 the rights of such persons, until regular application can bo 
 made according to law ; and this resolution shall apply to 
 all patents heretofore granted by the United States to citi- 
 zens of this Confederacy, and to caveats heretofore filed by 
 such citizens in the Patent Office of the United States, on 
 such patents and copies of such caveats being deposited as 
 aforesaid, in the office of the Attorney General : Provided, 
 That such applicants shall pay such fees as may hereafter 
 
68 
 
 be required by law establishing a patent office, on applica- 
 tion for patents and filing of caveats. 
 
 Approved March 4, 1861. 
 
 No. 48.] AN ACT 
 
 To provide for the Public Defence. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That in order to provide speedily forces to repel 
 invasion, maintain the rightful possession of the Confederate 
 States of America in every portion of territory belonging 
 to each State, and to secure the public tranquility and in- 
 dependence against threatened assault, the President be and 
 he is hereby authorized to employ the militia, military and 
 naval forces of the Confederate States of America, and to 
 ask for and accept the services of any number of volun- 
 teers, not exceeding one hundred thousand, who may offer 
 their services, either as cavalry, mounted riflemen, artillery 
 or infantry, in such proportion of these several arms as he 
 may deem expedient, to serve for twelve months after they 
 shall be mustered into service, unless sooner discharged. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the militia, when 
 called into service by virtue of this act or any other act, if 
 in the opinion of the President the public interest requires, 
 may be compelled to serve for a term not exceeding six 
 months after they shall be mustered into service, unless 
 sooner discharged. 
 
 Sec 3. And be it further enacted, That said volunteers 
 shall furnish their own clothes, and, if mounted men, their 
 own horses and horse equipments ; and when mustered into 
 service, shall be armed by the States from which they come, 
 or by the Confederate States of America. 
 
 Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That said volunteers 
 shall, when called into actual service, and while remaining 
 therein, be subject to the rules and articles of war, and in- 
 stead of clothing, every non-commissioned officer and pri- 
 vate in any company shall be entitled, when called into 
 actual service, to money in a sum equal to the cost of cloth- 
 ing of a non-commissioned officer or private in the regular 
 army of the Confederate States of America, 
 
69 
 
 Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the said volunteers 
 so offering their services may be accepted by the President 
 in companies, squadrons, battalions and regiments, whose 
 officers shall be appointed in the manner prescribed by law 
 in the several States to which they shall respectively belong ; 
 but when inspected, mustered, and received into the service 
 of the Confederate States, said troops shall be regarded in 
 all respects as a part of the army of said Confederate States, 
 according to the terms of their respective enlistments. 
 
 Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That the President is 
 hereby authorized to organize companies so tendering their 
 services into battalions or squadrons, battalions or squad- 
 rons into regiments, regiments into brigades, and brigades 
 into divisions, whenever in his judgment such organization 
 may be expedient ; and whenever brigades or divisions shall 
 be organized, the President shall appoint the commanding 
 officers for such brigades and divisions, subject to the con- 
 firmation of Congress, who shall hold their offices only while 
 such brigades and divisions are in service ; and the Presi- 
 dent shall, if necessary, apportion the staff and general 
 officers among the respective States from which the volun- 
 teers shall tender their services, as he may deem proper. 
 
 Sec 7. And be it furthei enacted, That whenever the mi- 
 litia or volunteers are called and received into the service of 
 the Confederate States, under the provisions of this act, 
 they shall have the same organization, and shall have the 
 same pay and allowances as may be provided for the regular 
 army ; and all mounted non-commissioned officers, privates, 
 musicians and artificers, shall be allowed forty cents per 
 day for the use and risk of their horses ; and if any volun- 
 teer shall not keep himself provided with a serviceable 
 horse, such volunteer shall serve on foot. For horses 
 killed in action, volunteers shall be allowed compensation 
 according to their appraised value at the date of muster 
 into service. 
 
 Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That the field and staff 
 officers of a separate battalion of volunteers shall be one 
 lieutenant colonel or major, one adjutant with the rank of 
 lieutenant, one sergeant-major, one quartermaster-sergeant, 
 and a chief bugler or principal musician, according to corps ; 
 and that each company shall be entitled to an additional 2d 
 lieutenant ; and that the President may limit the privates 
 in any volunteer company, according to his discretion, at 
 from sixty-four to one hundred. 
 
70 
 
 Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That when volunteers or 
 militia are called into the service of the Confederate States 
 in such numbers that the officers of the quartermaster, com- 
 missary, and medical departments, which may be authorized 
 by law for the regular service, are not sufficient to provide 
 for the supplying, quartering, transporting, and furnishing 
 them with the requisite medical attendance, it shall be law- 
 ful for the President to appoint, with the advice and con- 
 sent of the Congress, as many additional officers of said 
 departments as the service may require, not exceeding one 
 commissary and one quartermaster for each brigade, with 
 the rank of major, and one assistant quartermaster with the 
 rank of captain, one assistant commissary with the rank of 
 captain, one surgeon and one assistant surgeon for each re- 
 giment ; the said quartermasters and commissaries, assist- 
 ant quartermasters and commissaries, to give bonds with 
 good sureties for the faithful performance of their duties, 
 the said officers to be allowed the same pay and emoluments 
 as shall be allowed to officers of the same grade in the regu- 
 lar service, and to be subject to the rules and articles of war, 
 and to continue in service only so long as their services may 
 be required in connection with the militia or volunteers. 
 
 Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That the President be and 
 he is hereby authorized to purchase or charter, arm, equip and 
 man such merchant vessels and steamships or boats as may 
 be found fit or easily converted into armed vessels, and in 
 such number as he may deem necessary for the protection 
 of the seaboard and the general defence of the country. 
 
 Approved March 6, 1861. 
 
 Wo. 49.] AN ACT 
 
 To repeal so much of the Laws of the Confederate States of 
 America as prohibit the introduction of Liquors, except 
 in casks or vessels of or above certain named capacity, 
 and for other purposes. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Arner- 
 ca do enact, That all laws and parts of laws which prohibit 
 the importation into this Confederacy of beer, ale or porter, 
 or distilled spirits, except in casks or vessels not below cer- 
 
71 
 
 tain prescribed capacities ; also all laws requiring loaf and 
 refined sugars to be brought in, in vessels of a certain ton- 
 nage, and in packages of certain sizes, be and the same are 
 hereby repealed. And hereafter it shall be lawful to im- 
 port the same, subject to the payment of the duties pre- 
 scribed by law, in such quantities as the importer shall 
 choose. 
 
 Approved March 5, 1861. 
 
 No. 50.] AN ACT 
 
 To provide for the Registration of Vessels owned in whole 
 or in part by Citizens of the Confederate States. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That all vessels, wherever built, one-fourth or more of 
 which shall be owned by a citizen or citizens of the Con- 
 federate States, and commanded by a citizen thereof, shall 
 be registered as a vessel of the Confederacy at the custom- 
 houses thereof: Provided, That a majority in interest of the 
 owners shall consent to such registration, and such vessels 
 be not registered elsewhere. 
 
 Approved March 6, 1861. 
 
 No. 51.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish and organize a Bureau in connection with the 
 Department of the Treasury, to be known as the Light- 
 house Bureau. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States do enact, 
 That there shall be established in connection with the De- 
 partment of the Treasury a bureau, to be known as the 
 Lighthouse Bureau. The chief officer of such bureau shall 
 
72 
 
 be a captain or commander of the navy, detailed for this 
 service by order of the President of the Confederate States, 
 who shall receive as his compensation the same pay allowed 
 to officers of the same rank in the navy. There shall be 
 appointed also a chief clerk, with a salary of twelve hun- 
 dred dollars, and accounting clerk, with a salary of one 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. All lighthouses, light vessels, buoys, and other 
 aids to navigation, all the officers connected therewith, and 
 all matters connected with the construction, repair, illumi- 
 nation, inspection and government thereof, and all duties 
 appertaining to the administration of lighthouse affairs, shall 
 be under the direction and control of the Lighthouse Bureau 
 hereby established, subject at all times to the superintendence 
 of the Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
 Sec 3. The chief of the bureau shall, as soon as possible, 
 divide the sea coasts of the Confederate States into districts 
 not exceeding five in number, as the Secretary of the Trea- 
 sury may deem expedient, and over each of these districts 
 the President shall appoint an inspector, to be selected from 
 the lieutenants in the navy, who shall discharge all the 
 duties of inspection, survey or otherwise which may be re- 
 quired of him by the chief of the bureau. For these ser- 
 vices the inspectors shall receive only their regular pay in 
 the navy. 
 
 Sec. 4. The President of the Confederate States may 
 from time to time, at the request of the Secretary of the 
 Treasury, detail one or more of the officers of the engineer 
 corps of the army, to be employed under the direction of 
 the Lighthouse Bureau, in superintending the construction 
 or repair of lighthouses or other necessary structures in 
 connection with the lighthouse establishment, or other simi- 
 lar duty assigned by the Lighthouse Bureau in connection 
 therewith. 
 
 Sec. 5. The chief of the bureau shall, at least once every 
 year, make a full report to the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 giving a full statement of the operations of the lighthouse 
 establishment. He shall also from time to time give such 
 information to the Secretary of the Treasury as he may re- 
 quire in reference to his bureau. 
 
 Sec. 6. All laws and parts of laws contravening the pro- 
 visions of this act are hereby repealed. 
 
 Approved March 6, 1861. 
 
73 
 
 No. 52.] AN ACT 
 
 For the establishment and organization of the Army of the 
 Confederate States of America. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Ame- 
 rica no enact, That from and after the passage of this act 
 the military establishment of the Confederate States shall 
 be composed of one corps of engineers, one corps of artil- 
 lery, six regiments of infantry, one regiment of cavalry, 
 and of the staff departments already established by law. 
 
 Sec. 2. The Corps of Engineers shall consist of one Col- 
 onel, four Majors, five Captains, and one company of sap- 
 pers, miners and pontoniers, Avhich shall consist of ten ser- 
 geants or master workmen, ten corporals or overseers, two 
 musicians, and thirty-nine privates of the first class, or ar- 
 tificers, and thirty-nine privates of the second class, or la- 
 borers, making in all one hundred. 
 
 Sec. 3. The said company shall be officered by one cap- 
 tain of the corps of engineers, and as many lieutenants, to 
 be selected by the President from the line of the army, as 
 he may deem necessary for the service, and shall be in- 
 structed in and perform all the duties of sappers, miners 
 and pontoniers, and shall, moreover, under the orders of 
 the chief engineer, be liable to serve by detachments in 
 overseeing and aiding laborers upon fortifications or other 
 works, under the engineer department, and in supervising 
 finished fortifications, as fortkeepers, preventing injury and 
 making repairs. 
 
 Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of the colonel of the engi- 
 neer corps, subject to the approval of the Secretary of War, 
 to prescribe the number, quantity, form, dimensions, &c, of 
 the necessary vehicles, arms, pontons, tools, implements, 
 and other supplies for the service of the said company as a 
 body of sappers, miners and pontoniers. 
 
 Sec. 5. The Corps of Artillery, which shall also be charged 
 with ordnance duties, shall consist of one colonel, one 
 lieutenant colonel, ten majors, and forty companies of artil- 
 lerists and artificers, and each company shall consist of one 
 captain, two first lieutenants, one second lieutenant, four 
 sergeants, four corporals, two musicians and seventy pri- 
 vates. There shall also be one adjutant, to be selected by 
 the colonel from the first lieutenants, and one sergeant- 
 major, to be selected from the enlisted men of the corps. 
 
74 
 
 The President may equip as light batteries, of six pieces 
 each, such of these companies as he may deem expedient, 
 not exceeding four in time of peace. 
 
 Sec. 6. Each regiment of infantry shall consist of one 
 colonel, one lieutenant colonel, one major and ten compa- 
 nies ; each company shall consist of one captain, one first 
 lieutenant, two second lieutenants, four sergeants, four cor- 
 porals, two musicians and ninety privates ; and to each regi- 
 ment there shall be attached one adjutant, to be selected 
 from the lieutenants, and one sergeant major, to be selected 
 from the enlisted men of the regiment. 
 
 Sec 7. The regiment of cavalry shall consist of one 
 colonel, one lieutenant colonel, one major and ten companies, 
 each of which shall consist of one captain, one first lieu- 
 tenant, two second lieutenants, four sergeants, four corporals, 
 one farrier, one blacksmith, two musicians and sixty privates. 
 There shall also be one adjutant and one sergeant major, to 
 be selected as aforesaid. 
 
 Sec 8. There shall be four brigadier generals, who shall 
 be assigned to such commands and duties as the President 
 may specially direct, and shall be entitled to one aid-de- 
 camp, each, to be selected from the subalterns of the line of 
 the army, who, in addition to their duties as aid-de-camp, 
 may perform the duties of assistants adjutant general. 
 
 Sec 9. All officers of the army shall be appointed by the 
 President, by and with the advice and consent of the Con- 
 gress, and the rank and file shall be enlisted for a term not 
 less than three nor more than five years, under such regula- 
 tions as may be established. 
 
 Sec 10. No officer shall be appointed in the army until 
 he shall have passed an examination satisfactory to the Pre- 
 sident, and in such manner as he may prescribe, as to his 
 character and fitness for the service. The President, how- 
 ever, shall have power to postpone this examination for one 
 year after appointment, if in his judgment necessary for the 
 public interest. 
 
 Sec 11. All vacancies in established regiments and 
 corps, to and including the rank of colonel, shall be filled 
 by promotion according to seniority, except in case of disa- 
 bility or other incompetency. Promotions to and including 
 the rank of colonel shall be made regimentally in the infan- 
 try and cavalry, in the staff departments, and in the engi- 
 neers and artillery, according to corps. Appointments to 
 
75 
 
 the rank of brigadier general, after the army is organized, 
 shall be made by selection from the army. 
 
 Sec. 12. The President of the Confederate States is 
 hereby authorized to appoint to the lowest grade of subal- 
 tern officers such meritorious non-commissioned officers as 
 may, upon the recommendation of their colonels and com- 
 pany officers, be brought before an army board, specially 
 convened for the purpose, and found qualified for the duties 
 of commissioned officers, and to attach them to regiments or 
 corps, as supernumerary officers, if there be no vacancies : 
 Provided, There shall not be more than one so attached to 
 any one company at the same time. 
 
 Sec. 13. The pay of a brigadier general shall be three 
 hundred and one dollars per month. The aid-de-camp of a 
 brigadier general, in addition to his pay as lieutenant, shall 
 receive thirty-five dollars per month. 
 
 Sec 14. The monthly pay of the officers of the corps of 
 engineers shall be as follows : of the colonel, two hundred and 
 ten dollars ; of a major, one hundred and sixty-two dollars ; 
 of a captain, one hundred and forty dollars ; lieutenants ser- 
 ving with the company of sappers and miners, shall receive 
 the pay of cavalry officers of the same grade. 
 
 Sec 15. The monthly pay of the colonel of the corps of 
 artillery shall be two hundred and ten dollars ; of a lieuten- 
 ant-colonel, one hundred and eighty-five dollars ; of a major, 
 one hundred and fifty dollars, and when serving on ordnance 
 duty, one hundred and sixty-two dollars ; of a captain, one 
 hundred and thirty dollars ; of a first lieutenant, ninety dol- 
 lars ; of a second lieutenant, eighty dollars ; and the adjutant 
 shall receive, in addition to his pay as lieutenant, ten dollars 
 per month. Officers of artillery serving in the light artille- 
 ry, or performing ordnance duty, shall receive the same pay 
 as officers of cavalry of the same grade. 
 
 Sec 16. The monthly pay of the officers of the infantry 
 shall be as follows : of a colonel, one hundred and ninety-five 
 dollars; of a lieutenant-colonel, one hundred and seventy 
 dollars ; of a major, one hundred and fifty dollars ; of a captain, 
 one hundred and thirty dollars ; of a first lieutenant, ninety 
 dollars ; of a second lieutenant, eighty dollars ; the adjutant, 
 in addition to his pay as lieutenant, ten dollars. 
 
 Sec 17. The monthly pay of the officers of the cavalry 
 shall be as follows : of a colonel, two hundred and ten dol- 
 lars ; of a lieutenant-colonel, one hundred and eighty-five 
 dollars ; a major, one hundred and sixty-two dollars ; a cap- 
 
76 
 
 tain, one hundred and forty dollars ; a first lieutenant, one 
 hundred dollars ; a second lieutenant, ninety dollars ; the ad- 
 jutant, ten dollars per month, in addition to his pay as lieu- 
 tenant. 
 
 Sec. 18. The pay of the officers of the general staff, ex- 
 cept those of the medical department, shall be the same as 
 that of officers of cavalry of the same grade. The surgeon- 
 general shall receive an annual salary of three thousand dol- 
 lars, which shall be in full of all pay and allowances, except 
 fuel and quarters. The monthly pay of a surgeon, of ten 
 years' service in that grade, shall be two hundred dollars ; a 
 surgeon of less than ten years' service in that grade, one 
 hundred and sixty-two dollars ; an assistant surgeon of ten 
 years' service in that grade, one hundred and fifty dollars ; 
 an assistant surgeon of five years' service in that grade, one 
 hundred and thirty dollars ; and an assistant surgeon of less 
 than five years' service, one hundred and ten dollars. 
 
 Sec. 19. There shall be allowed, in addition to the pay 
 hereinbefore provided, to every commissioned officer, except 
 the surgeon-general, nine dollars per month for every five 
 years' service ; and to the officers of the army of the United 
 States, who have resigned or may resign to be received into 
 the service of the Confederate States, this additional pay 
 shall be allowed from the date of their entrance into the for- 
 mer service. There shall also be an additional monthly al- 
 lowance to every general officer commending in chief a sep- 
 arate army actually in the field, of one hundred dollars. 
 
 Sec. 20. The pay of officers as hereinbefore established 
 shall be in full of all allowances, except forage, fuel, quarters 
 and travelling expenses while travelling under orders. The 
 allowance of forage, fuel and quarters shall be fixed by regu- 
 lations and shall be furnished in kind, except when officers 
 are serving at stations without troops where public quarters 
 cannot be had, in which case they may be allowed, in lieu of 
 forage, eight dollars per month for each horse to which they 
 may be entitled, provided they are actually kept in service 
 and mustered, and quarters may be commuted at a rate to be 
 fixed by the Secretary of War, and fuel at the market price 
 delivered. An officer when travelling under orders shall be 
 allowed mileage at the rate of ten cents per mile. 
 
 Sec. 21. In time of war, officers of the army shall be en- 
 titled to draw forage for horses, according to grade, as fol- 
 lows: A brigadier-general, four; the adjutant and inspector- 
 general, quartermaster-general, commissary-general, and the 
 
77 
 
 colonels of engineers, artillery, infantry and cavalry, three 
 each ; all lieutenant-colonels and majors, and captains of the 
 general staff, engineer corps, light artillery and cavalry, 
 three each ; lieutenants serving in the corps of engineers, 
 lieutenants of light artillery and of cavalry, two each. In 
 time of peace : general and field officers, three ; officers below 
 the rank of field officers, in the general staff, corps of engi- 
 neers, light artillery and cavalry, two ; Provided, in all cases 
 that the horses are actually kept in service and mustered. 
 No enlisted man in the service of the Confederate States 
 shall be employed as a servant by any officer of the army. 
 
 Sec. 22. The monthly pay of the enlisted men of the 
 army of the Confederate States shall be as follows : That of 
 a sergeant or master workman of the engineer corps, thirty- 
 four dollars ; that of a corporal or overseer, twenty dollars ; 
 privates of the first class, or artificers, seventeen dollars ; 
 and privates of the second class, or laborers, and musicians, 
 thirteen dollars. The sergeant-major of cavalry, twenty- 
 one dollars; first sergeants, twenty dollars; sergeants, sev- 
 enteen dollars ; corporals, farriers and blacksmiths, thirteen 
 dollars ; musicians, thirteen dollars ; and privates, twelve 
 dollars. Sergeants-major of artillery and infantry, twenty- 
 one dollars; first sergeants, twenty dollars each; sergeants, 
 seventeen dollars ; corporals and artificers, thirteen dollars ; 
 musicians, twelve dollars ; and privates eleven dollars each. 
 The non-commissioned officers, artificers, musicians and 
 privates serving in light batteries shall receive the same pay 
 as those of cavalry. 
 
 Sec 23. The President shall be authorized to enlist as 
 many master armorers, master carriage-makers, master black- 
 smiths, armorers, carriage-makers, blacksmiths, artificers, 
 and laborers, for ordnance service, as he may deem neces- 
 sary, not exceeding in all one hundred men, who shall be 
 attached to the corps of artillery. The pay of a master 
 armorer, master carriage-maker, master blacksmith, shall be 
 thirty-four dollars per month ; armorers, carriage-makers 
 and blacksmiths, twenty dollars per month; artificers, sev- 
 enteen dollars, and laborers, thirteen dollars per month. 
 
 Sec 24. Each enlisted man of the army of the Confede- 
 rate States shall receive one ration per day, and a yearly 
 allowance of clothing, the quantity and kind of each to be 
 established by regulations from the War Department, to be 
 approved by the President. 
 
 Sec 25. Rations shall generally be issued in kind, but 
 
78 
 
 "under circumstances rendering a commutation necessary. 
 The commutation value of the ration shall be fixed by regu- 
 lations of the War Department, to be approved by the Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 Sec. 26. The officers appointed in the army of the Con- 
 federate States by virtue of this act, shall perform all mili- 
 tary duties to which they may be severally assigned by 
 authority of the President, and it shall be the duty of the 
 Secretary of War to prepare and publish regulations, pre- 
 scribing the details of every department in the service, for 
 the general government of the army, which regulations shall 
 be approved by the President, and when so approved shall 
 be binding. 
 
 Sec. 27. All officers of the quartermaster's and commis- 
 sary departments shall, previous to entering on the duties of 
 their respective offices, give bonds with good and sufficient 
 sureties to the Confederate States, in such sum as the Secre- 
 tary of War shall direct, fully to account for all moneys and 
 public property which they may receive. 
 
 Sec 28. Neither the quartermaster-general, the commis- 
 sary-general, nor any or either of their assistants, shall be 
 concerned, directly or indirectly, in the purchase or sale of 
 any articles intended for, making a part of, or appertaining 
 to public supplies, except for and on account of the Con- 
 federate States ; nor shall they, or either of them, take or , 
 apply to his or their own use any gain or emolument for 
 negotiating any business in their respective departments, 
 other than what is or may be allowed by law. 
 
 Sec 29. The Rules and Articles of War established by 
 the laws of the United States of America for the govern- 
 ment of the army are hereby declared to be of force, except 
 that wherever the words "United States" occur, the words 
 "Confederate States" shall be substituted therefor; and 
 except that the articles of war numbers sixty-one and sixty- 
 two are hereby abrogated, and the following articles substi- 
 tuted therefor : 
 
 Article 61. Officers having brevets or commissions of a 
 prior date to those of the corps in which they serve will 
 take place on courts martial or of inquiry, and on boards 
 detailed for military purposes, when composed of different 
 corps, according to the ranks given them in their brevet or 
 former commissions, but in the regiment, corps, or company 
 to which such officers belong, they shall do duty and take 
 rank, both in courts and on boards as aforesaid, which shall 
 
79 
 
 be composed of their own corps, according to the cornmis* 
 sion by which they are there mustered. 
 
 Article 62. If upon marches, guards, or in quarters, 
 different corps shall happen to join or do duty together, the 
 officer highest in rank, according to the commission by 
 which he is mustered in the army, navy, marine corps, or 
 militia, there on duty by orders from competent authority, 
 shall command the whole and give orders for what is needful 
 for the service, unless otherwise directed by the President 
 of the Confederate States in orders of special assignment 
 providing for the case. 
 
 Sec. 30. The President shall call into the service of the 
 Confederate States only so many of the troops herein pro- 
 vided for as he may deem the safety of the Confederacy may 
 require. 
 
 Sec 31. All laws or parts of laws of the United States, 
 which have been adopted by the Congress of the Confederate 
 States, repugnant to or inconsistent with this act, are hereby 
 repealed. 
 
 Approved March 6, 1861. 
 
 No. 53.] AN ACT 
 
 To create the Clerical Force of the several Executive Depart- 
 ments of the Confederate States of America, and for other 
 purposes. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That the clerical force of the several departments 
 of the Confederate States of America shall consist of the 
 following officers : To the State Department there shall be 
 one chief clerk, at a salary of fifteen hundred dollars per 
 annum, and one clerk, at a salary of twelve hundred dollars 
 per annum, and also a messenger, whose annual compensa- 
 tion shall be five hundred dollars. 
 
 To the Treasury Department there shall be a chief clerk, 
 whose salary shall be fifteen hundred dollars per annum, and 
 three other clerks, who shall receive each twelve hundred 
 dollars per annum ; and there shall be one messenger, at an 
 annual compensation of five hundred dollars. 
 
 To each of the bureaus of the Treasury Department, 
 
80 
 
 viz : the comptroller, the auditor, the register and the 
 treasurer, there shall be a chief clerk, whose salaries shall 
 be each fifteen hundred dollars per annum; and to all of 
 said bureaus there shall be twenty-two clerks, eleven of whom 
 shall receive salaries of twelve hundred dollars each per 
 annum, and eleven shall receive salaries of one thousand 
 dollars each per annum; and the said Secretary of the 
 Treasury shall have power to distribute said twenty-two 
 clerks among the said bureaus, as in his judgment will best 
 subserve the public interest ; and to each of the offices of 
 comptroller, auditor, register and treasurer, there shall be a 
 messenger, with an annual salary of five hundred dollars. 
 
 To the War Department there shall be a chief of the 
 bureau of war, at an annual salary of three thousand dollars, 
 and five clerks, who shall each receive twelve hundred dol- 
 lars per annum ; and one of them may be appointed disburs- 
 ing clerk, with an additional salary of six hundred dollars, 
 who shall give bond with sureties to be approved by the Sec- 
 retary of War. There shall also be one messenger, whose 
 compensation shall be five hundred dollars per annum. And 
 to all of the bureaus of the War Department, viz: the adju- 
 tant and inspector general, quartermaster general, the com- 
 missary general, the surgeon general, the chief engineer and 
 the artillery, there shall be fourteen clerks, seven of whom 
 shall receive each a salary of twelve hundred dollars, and 
 seven a salary each of one thousand dollars per annum. 
 
 And the Secretary of War is hereby authorized to assign 
 said clerks to duty in the respective offices enumerated, as in 
 his judgment will best promote the public service. And to 
 each of said named bureaus, except the office of surgeon 
 general, there shall be, if deemed necessary by the Secre- 
 tary of War, a messenger, at an annual compensation of 
 five hundred dollars. 
 
 To the Post-Office Department there shall be an assistant 
 postmaster general, with a salary of three thousand dollars 
 per annum, and a chief clerk at a salary of fifteen hundred 
 dollars per annum, and ten other clerks, five of whom shall 
 receive salaries each of twelve hundred, and five shall 
 receive salaries each of one thousand dollars per annum. 
 And there shall be one messenger, at an annual salary of 
 five hundred dollars. 
 
 To the Department of Justice there shall be an assistant 
 attorney-general at a salary of twenty-five hundred dollars 
 per annum, and one clerk whose annual salary shall be 
 
81 
 
 twelve hundred dollars, and also a messenger at a salary of 
 five hundred dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. The annual salaries of the assistant secretary of 
 state, the assistant secretary of the treasury, the comptrol- 
 ler, the auditor, the register and the treasurer shall each be 
 the sum of three thousand dollars per annum. 
 
 Sec. 3. The President of the Confederate States of 
 America is hereby authorized to appoint or employ in his 
 official household the following officers, to-wit : one private 
 secretary, at an annual salary of twelve hundred dollars, 
 and one messenger, at an annual salary of five hundred 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the Secretaries of 
 State, Treasury, War, Navy, Attorney-General, and Post- 
 master-General are hereby authorized to employ such other 
 clerical force in their respective departments as the exigen- 
 cies of the public service may absolutely require, being 
 limited in the compensation to the lower grade of salary for 
 clerks provided for in this bill ; they are also empowered to 
 employ such laborers for their respective offices as may be 
 required, not exceeding one for each of the executive depart- 
 ments, and whose compensation shall not exceed one dollar 
 and fifty cents per day. 
 
 Approved March 7, 1861. 
 
 No. 54.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 In relation to International Copyrights. 
 
 Whereas, Great Britain, France, Prussia, Saxony and 
 other European Powers have passed laws to secure to authors 
 of other States, the benefits and privileges of their copyright 
 laws, upon condition of similar privileges being granted by 
 the laws of such States to authors, the subjects of the powers 
 aforesaid, therefore be it 
 
 Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of America, 
 That the President be and he is hereby authorized to instruct 
 the Commissioners appointed by him, to visit the European 
 Powers, to enter into treaty obligations for the extension of 
 international copyright privileges to all authors, the citizens 
 and subjects of the powers aforesaid. 
 
 Approved March 7, 1861. 
 6 
 
82 
 
 No. 55.] AN ACT 
 
 To create the clerical force of the Navy Department, 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enacts That the clerical force of the Navy Department 
 shall consist of one chief clerk, at a salary of fifteen hundred 
 dollars per annum, who shall also perform the duties of dis- 
 bursing agent and corresponding clerk of said department, 
 and receive therefor an extra compensation of six hundred 
 dollars per annum ; and also three other clerks, two of whom 
 shall receive a salary each of twelve hundred dollars per an- 
 num, and one a salary of one thousand dollars per annum ; 
 and there shall be attached to said department a messenger,, 
 whose annual compensation shall be five hundred dollars. 
 
 Approved March 8, 1861. 
 
 No. 56.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To continue the Mints at New Orleans and Dahlonega, 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do resolve, 
 That the mints at New Orleans and Dahlonega shall be con- 
 tinued, and the proper arrangements made as soon as possi- 
 ble to procure suitable dies for the coin of the Confederate 
 States. 
 
 Resolved further, That the Secretary of the Treasury be re- 
 quested to estimate and report to Congress the lowest amount 
 of appropriation necessary to carry out the above resolution. 
 
 Approved March 9, 1861. 
 
 No. 57.] AN ACT 
 
 To admit certain materials free of Duty for the construction 
 of Telegraph Lines from Savannah, in the State of Geor- 
 gia, to Fort Pulaski, and from Mobile, in the State of Ala- 
 bama, to Fort Morgan. # 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That certain cable wire and other materials for 
 
83 
 
 the construction of a telegraph line between the city of Sa- 
 vannah, in the State of Georgia, and Fort Pulaski, in the 
 same State, which may be imported by C. C. Walden, the 
 contractor for said line, be admitted free of duty, upon satis- 
 factory proof being submitted to the collector of the port of 
 Savannah that the materials herein designated are imported 
 for and applied to the construction of the said telegraphic 
 line. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the materials neces- 
 sary to construct a telegraphic line from Mobile to Fort Mor- 
 gan may also be imported free of duty. 
 
 Approved March 9, 1861, 
 
 No. 58,] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the Issue of Treasury Notes, and to prescribe 
 the Punishment for forging the same, and for forging cer- 
 tificates of Stock, Bonds, or Coupons. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That the President of the Confederate States of 
 America is hereby authorized to cause Treasury notes to be 
 issued for such sum or sums as the exigencies of the public 
 service may require, but not to exceed at any time one mil- 
 lion of dollars, and of denominations not less than fifty dol- 
 lars for any such note, to be prepared, signed and issued in. 
 the manner hereinafter provided. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That such Treasury notes 
 shall be paid and redeemed by the Confederate States at the- 
 Treasury thereof, after the expiration of one year from the 
 dates of said notes, from which dates they shall bear interest at 
 the rate of one cent per day for every hundred dollars issued : 
 Provided, That after the maturity of any of said notes, inte- 
 rest thereon shall cease at the expiration of sixty days' no- 
 tice of readiness to pay and redeem the same, which may at 
 any time or times be given by the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 in one or more newspapers published at the seat of Govern- 
 ment. The payment or redemption of said notes herein pro- 
 vided shall be made to the lawful holders thereof respective- 
 ly, upon presentment at the Treasury, and shall include the 
 principal of each note and the interest which shall be due 
 thereon. And for such payment and redemption, at the ; 
 
84 
 
 time or times herein specified, the faith of the Confederate 
 States of America is hereby pledged. 
 
 Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That such Treasury notes 
 shall be prepared under the direction of the Secretary of the 
 Treasury, and shall be signed, in behalf of the Confederate 
 States of America, by the Treasurer thereof, and counter- 
 signed by the Register of the Treasury. Each of these offi- 
 cers shall keep in a book or books provided for that purpose, . 
 separate, full and accurate accounts showing the number, 
 date, amount and rate of interest of each Treasury note signed 
 and countersigned by them respectively ; and also similar ac- 
 counts showing all such notes as may be paid, redeemed and 
 cancelled, as the same may be returned, all which accounts 
 shall be carefully preserved in the Treasury Department. 
 And the Treasurer shall account quarterly for all such Treas- 
 ury notes as shall have been countersigned by the Register, 
 and delivered to the Treasurer for issue. 
 
 Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the 
 Treasury is hereby authorized, with the approbation of the 
 President, to cause such portion of said Treasury notes as 
 >may be deemed expedient to be issued by the Treasurer in- 
 payment of warrants in favor of public creditors or other 
 persons lawfully entitled to such payment who may choose to 
 receive such notes in payment at par. And the Secretary of 
 the Treasury is further authorized, with the approbation of 
 the President, to borrow from time to time such sums of 
 money, upon the credit of such notes, as the President may 
 deem expedient: Provided, That no Treasury notes shall be 
 pledged, hypothecated, sold or disposed of in any way, for any 
 purpose whatever, either directly or indirectly, for any sum 
 less than the amount of such notes, including the principal 
 and interest thereof. 
 
 Sec 5. And be ii further enacted, That said Treasury notes 
 shall be transferable, by assignment endorsed thereon by the 
 person to whose order the same shall be made payable, accom- 
 panied together with the delivery of notes so assigned. 
 
 Sec 6. And be it further enacted, That said Treasury notes 
 shall be received by the proper officers in payment of all du- 
 ties and taxes laid by the authority of the Confederate States 
 of America, of all public lands sold by said authority, and of 
 •all debts to the Confederate States of America, of any cha- 
 racter whatever, which may be due and payable at the time 
 when said Treasury notes may be offered in payment thereof, 
 ••except the export duty on cotton : and upon every such pay- 
 
85 
 
 ment credit shall be given for the amount of principal and 
 interest, if any, due on the note or notes received in pay- 
 ment on the day when the same shall have been received by 
 such officer. 
 
 Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That every collector of 
 the customs, receiver of public moneys, or other officer or 
 agent of the Confederate States of America, who shall receive 
 any Treasury note or notes in payment on account of the Con- 
 federate States of America, shall take from the holder of such 
 note or notes a receipt upon the back of each, stating dis- 
 tinctly the date of such payment and the amount allowed 
 upon such note ; and every such officer or agent shall keep 
 regular and specific entries of all Treasury notes received in 
 payment showing the person from whom received, the num- 
 ber, date and amount of principal and interest, if any, allowed 
 on each and every Treasury note received in payment, which 
 entries shall be delivered to the Treasury, with the Treasury 
 note or notes mentioned therein, and if found correct such 
 officer or agent shall receive credit for the amount. 
 
 Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of 
 the Treasury be and he is hereby authorized to make and 
 issue from time to time such instructions, rules and regula- 
 tions to the several collectors, receivers, depositaries and 
 all others who may be required to receive such treasury notes 
 in behalf of and as agents in any capacity for the Confed- 
 erate States of America, as to the custody, disposal, cancel- 
 ing and return \ of any such notes as may be paid to and 
 received by them respectively, and as to the accounts and 
 returns to be made to the Treasury Department of such re- 
 ceipts, as he shall deem best calculated to promote the pub- 
 lic convenience and security and to protect the Confederate 
 States of America, as well as individuals, from frauds and 
 loss. 
 
 Sec 9. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of 
 the Treasury be and he is hereby authorized and directed to 
 cause to be paid the principal and interest of such treasury 
 notes as may be issued under this act, at the time and times 
 when, according to its provisions, the same should be paid. 
 And the said secretary is further authorized to purchase 
 said notes at par, for the amount of principal and interest 
 due at the time of the purchase of such notes. And so much 
 of any unappropriated money in the treasury as may be 
 necessary for the purpose is hereby appropriated to the pay- 
 ment of the principal and interest of said notes. 
 
86 
 
 Sec 10. And be it further enacted, That in place of such 
 treasury notes as may have been paid and redeemed, other 
 treasury notes to the same amount may be issued : Provided, 
 That the aggregate sum outstanding under the authority of 
 this act shall at no time exceed one million of dollars : And 
 provided further, That the power to issue and re-issue treas- 
 ury notes conferred on the President by this act shall cease 
 and determine on the first day of March, eighteen hundred 
 and sixty-two. 
 
 Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, That if any person 
 shall falsely make, forge or counterfeit, or cause or procure 
 to be falsely made, forged or counterfeited, or willingly aid 
 or assist in falsely making, forging or counterfeiting any 
 note in imitation of or purporting to be a treasury note, is- 
 sued as aforesaid, or shall pass, utter or publish, or attempt 
 to pass, utter or publish as true any false, forged or coun- 
 terfeited note, purporting to be a treasury note as aforesaid, 
 knowing the same to be falsely made, forged or counterfeited, 
 or shall falsely alter, or cause or procure to be falsely alter- 
 ed, or willingly aid and assist in falsely altering any treasu- 
 ry note issued as aforesaid, or shall pass, utter or publish, 
 or attempt to pass, utter or publish as true any falsely alter- 
 ed treasury note, issued as aforesaid, knowing the same to 
 be falsely altered, every such person shall be deemed and 
 adjudged guilty of felony, and being thereof convicted by 
 due course of law, shall be sentenced to be imprisoned and 
 kept at hard labor for a period not less than three years nor 
 more than ten years, and to be fined in a sum not exceed- 
 ing five thousand dollars. 
 
 Sec. 12. And be it further enacted, That if any person 
 shall make or engrave, or cause or procure to be made or 
 engraved, or shall have in his possession any metallic plate 
 engraved after the similitude of any plate from which any 
 .notes issued as aforesaid shall have been printed, with intent 
 to use such plate, or cause or suffer the same to be used in 
 forging or counterfeiting any of the notes issued as afore- 
 said, or shall have in his custody or possession any blank 
 note or notes engraved and printed after the similitude of 
 any notes issued as aforesaid, with intent to use such* blanks, 
 or cause or suffer the same to be used in forging or counter- 
 feiting any of the notes issued as aforesaid, or shall have in 
 his custody or possession any paper adapted to the making 
 of such notes, and similar to the paper upon which any such 
 notes shall have been issued, with intent to use such paper 
 
87 
 
 or cause or suffer the same to be used in forging or counter- 
 feiting any of the notes issued as aforesaid, every such per- 
 son, being thereof convicted by due course of law, shall be 
 sentenced to be imprisoned and kept at hard labor for a term 
 not less than three nor more than ten years, and fined 
 in a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars. 
 
 Sec. 13. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall 
 falsely make, forge or counterfeit, or cause or procure to be 
 falsely made, forged or counterfeited, or willingly aid or 
 assist in falsely making or forging, or counteifeiting any 
 certificate of stock or bond, or coupon, in imitation of or 
 purporting to be a certificate of stock or bond, or coupon, 
 issued in accordance with the provisions of the act entitled 
 an act to raise money for the support of the government, 
 and to provide for the defence of the Confederate States of 
 America, approved the 23th day of February, eighteen hun- 
 dred and sixty -one, or shall pass, utter or publish, or attempt 
 to pass, utter or publish as true any false, forged or coun- 
 terfeited certificate of stock or bond, or coupon, purporting 
 to be a certificate of stock or bond, or coupon, as aforesaid, 
 knowing the same to be falsely made, forged or counterfeit- 
 ed, or shall falsely alter or cause, or procure to be falsely 
 altered, or willingly aid or assist in falsely altering any cer- 
 tificate of stock or bond, or coupon, issued as aforesaid, or 
 shall pass, utter or publish, or attempt to pass, utter or pub- 
 lish as true any falsely altered certificate of stock or bond, 
 or coupon, issued as aforesaid, knowing the same to be falsely 
 altered, every such person shall be deemed and adjudged 
 guilty of a felony, and being thereof convicted by due 
 course of law, shall be sentenced to be imprisoned and kept 
 at labor for a period not less than three years nor more than 
 ten years, and be fined in a sum not exceeding five thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 Approved March 9, 186 L 
 
 No. 59.] AN ACT 
 
 To provide for an Assistant Treasurer of the Confederate 
 States of America, and a Treasurer of the Mint in the 
 city of New Orleans. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate Stales of Ame- 
 
88 
 
 rica do enact, That the branch mint, formerly belonging to 
 the United States, in the city of New Orleans, and the vaults 
 and safes thereof, shall be the place of deposit of the public 
 money of the Confederate States of America in that city ; 
 and the President shall nominate, and by and with the advice 
 and consent of Congress shall appoint an assistant treasurer 
 of the Confederate States of America, who shall hold his 
 office until the expiration of this Provisional Government. 
 And the said assistant treasurer shall have the custody and 
 care of all public moneys deposited in said place of deposit, 
 and shall perform all the duties required by law to be per- 
 formed by assistant treasurers of the Confederate States, • 
 who shall give a bond with sureties for the faithful discharge 
 of the duties of his office, which bond shall be for the sum 
 of one hundred thousand dollars, and the sureties shall be 
 approved by the Secretary of the Treasury : Provided, That 
 it shall not be necessary that each surety shall bind himself 
 for the whole amount of the bond, but the aggregate amount 
 for which the sureties are severally bound shall be equal to 
 the full sum of one hundred thousand dollars: Provided, 
 That each surety shall be bound for at least twenty thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the salary of said 
 assistant treasurer shall be four thousand dollars per annum ; 
 and the said assistant treasurer shall also perform the duties 
 of treasurer of the mint, without any further compensation 
 than is herein provided. 
 
 Approved March 9, 1S6L 
 
 No. 60.] AN ACT 
 
 Further to provide for the organization of the Post Office 
 Department. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress- of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That to the Post Office Department there shall be a 
 chief of the contract bureau, a chief of the appointment 
 bureau, and a chief of the finance bureau, each of whom 
 shall be entitled to an annual salary of two thousand five 
 hundred dollars ; also a chief clerk, who shall be entitled 
 to an annual salary of fifteen hundred dollars ;. also a drafts- 
 
89 
 
 man, for such time as his services may be required, at an 
 annual salary of fifteen hundred dollars, or at that rate for 
 a shorter period than one year : also ten clerks at an annual 
 salary of twelve hundred dollars each, and ten additional 
 clerics, at an annual salary of one thousand dollars each. 
 And the Postmaster General is hereby authorized to employ 
 such other clerical force in his department as the exigencies 
 of the public service may absolutely demand, the salaries of 
 such superadded clerks to be so employed by him not to ex- 
 ceed one thousand dollars each ; but this power, together 
 with the tenure of such appointees, shall extend no logger 
 than the end of the first session of the next Congress. And 
 he may also employ one messenger, at an annual salary of 
 five hundred dollars ; and also two laborers, at an expense 
 of not more than one dollar and fifty cents each per day. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That so much of an act en- 
 titled " An act to create the clerical force of the several 
 executive departments of the Confederate States of America, 
 and for other purposes," as relates to the Post-Office De- 
 partment of the Confederate States be and the same is hereby 
 repealed. 
 
 Sec. 3. And it is further enacted, That the Postmaster- 
 General shall have the general power to transfer the clerks 
 authorised by this act from any one bureau to another, 
 according to the exigencies of the public service. 
 
 Approved March 9, 1861. 
 
 No. 61.] AN ACT 
 
 To fix the pay of Members of the Congress of the Confede- 
 rate States of America. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ame- 
 rica do enact, That the pay of the members of Congress shall 
 be eight dollars per day during the session, and that each 
 member shall be allowed ten cents per mile for coming to, 
 and ten cents per mile for returning from, the place where 
 Congress may assemble for each session, to be computed by 
 the usual mail route from hi| residence to the seat of gov- 
 ernment. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That the pay of the Presi- 
 
90 
 
 dent of Congress shall be sixteen dollars per day, and the 
 same mileage as the members'. 
 
 Approved March 11, 1861. 
 
 No. 62.] AN ACT 
 
 Making appropriations for the support of Three Thousand 
 Men for twelve months, to be called into service at Charles- 
 ton, South Carolina, under the third and fourth sections 
 of an Act of the Congress " To raise Provisional Forces 
 for the Confederate , States of America, and for other 
 purposes." 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the following appropriations be made for 
 the support of the provisional troops called into service by 
 the act aforesaid : Pay of the troops, six hundred and fifty- 
 eight thousand six hundred and eighty dollars. Forage for 
 officers' horses and quartermaster's animals and cavalry 
 horses, twenty thousand six hundred and sixty-two dollars. 
 Subsistence for troops, two hundred and seventy thousand 
 dollars. Clothing for the troops, two hundred thousand dol- 
 lars. Camp and garrison equipage, eighteen thousand two 
 hundred and sixty-seven dollars and seventy-two cents. 
 Supplies for the quartermaster's department, seventy-six 
 thousand one hundred and sixty dollars. Fuel for troops 
 and hospitals, fifty-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety- 
 seven dollars. Medical and hospital department, twenty 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the additional sum 
 of eight hundred and sixty thousand two hundred and twen- 
 ty-eight dollars and forty-five cents is hereby appropriated 
 for the support of two thousand additional troops, to be 
 called into the service of the Confederate States for twelve 
 months, at Charleston, South Carolina, whenever, in the 
 discretion of the President, tHeir services may be required. 
 
 Approved March 11, 1861. 
 
91 
 
 No. 63.] AN ACT 
 
 Making appropriations for the support of the Regular Army 
 of the Confederate States of America for twelve months, 
 and for other purposes. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate S tates of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the following appropriations are made for 
 the support of the regular army for twelve months, viz : 
 For expenses of recruiting and for transportation of recruits, 
 one hundred and ninety-two thousand five hundred dollars. 
 Pay of the army, two millions seventy thousand four hun- 
 dred and eighty-four dollars. Forage for officers' horses 
 and for cavalry and light artillery horses" one hundred and 
 seven thousand two hundred dollars. Subsistence for troops, 
 nine hundred and twelve thousand five hundred dollars. 
 Clothing for the army, six hundred and forty-eight thou- 
 sand seven hundred and eighty dollars. Camp and garrison 
 equipage, sixty thousand dollars. Supplies for the quarter- 
 master's department — consisting of fuel for the officers, en- 
 listed men, guards, hospitals, store-houses and officers ; of 
 forage in kind for horses, mules and oxen of the quarter- 
 master's department, at the several posts and stations, and 
 with the armies in the field ; of postage on letters and pack- 
 ages received and sent by officers of the army on public ser- 
 vice ; expenses of courts martial and courts of inquiry, 
 including the additional compensation of judge advocates, 
 recorders, members and witnesses, while in that service; 
 extra pay to soldiers employed under the direction of the 
 quartermaster's department in the erection of barracks, 
 quarters, store-houses and hospitals, for constant labor for 
 periods of not less than ten days, including those employed 
 as clerks; expense of interment of officers killed in action, 
 or who die when on duty in the field, or at the posts on the 
 frontiers, and of non-commissioned officers and soldiers ; 
 authorized office furniture ; hire of laborers in the quarter- 
 master's department; compensation of clerk's of the officers 
 of the quartermaster's department ; for the apprehension of 
 deserters and the expenses incident to their pursuit ; for the 
 following expenses required for the regiment of cavalry and 
 for the four batteries of light artillery : namely, the pur- 
 chase of travelling forges, blacksmith's and shoeing tools, 
 
92 
 
 horse and n\ule shoes and nails, iron and steel for shoeing ; 
 medicine for horses and mules ; picket ropes, and for shoe- 
 ing the horses of the corps named — three hundred and fifty- 
 three thousand nine hundred and fifty-six dollars. For con- 
 structing barracks and other buildings at posts which it may 
 be necessary to occupy during the year, and for repairing, 
 altering and enlarging buildings at the established posts, in- 
 cluding hire or commutation of quarters for officers on mili- 
 tary duty, hire of quarters for troops, of store-houses for the 
 safe-keeping of military stores, and of grounds for summer 
 cantonments and for temporary frontier stations, for commu- 
 tation of forage for officers' horses when it cannot be drawn 
 in kind, three hundred and fifty thousand dollars. For 
 mileage, or the allowance made to officers of the army for 
 the transportation of themselves and their baggage when 
 travelling on duty without troops, escorts or supplies, thirty- 
 five thousand dollars : Provided, That mileage shall not be 
 allowed when the officer has been transferred or relieved at 
 his own request. For transportation of the army — includ- 
 ing the baggage of the troops. when moving either by land 
 or water, of horse equipments, and of subsistence — from the 
 places of purchase, and from the places of delivery under 
 contract, to such places as the circumstances of the service 
 may require them to be sent, of ordnance, ordnance stores 
 and small arms, freights, wharfage, tolls, and ferriages, hire 
 of horses, mules and oxen, and the purchase and repair of 
 wagons, carts and drays, and of ships and other sea-going 
 vessels required for the transportation of supplies and for 
 garrison purposes, for drayage and cartage at the several 
 posts, hire of teamsters, transportation of funds for the dis- 
 bursing departments, the expense of public transports on 
 the various rivers, the gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic, six 
 hundred and fifty thousand dollars. For the purchase of 
 horses for the regiment of cavalry and four batteries of light 
 artillery, one hundred and sixty-three thousand two hundred 
 dollars. Contingencies of the army, fifteen thousand dol- 
 lars. For the medical and hospital departments, seventy- 
 five thousand dollars. Contingencies of the adjutant gene- 
 ral's department, six hundred dollars. Armament of fortifi- 
 cations and purchase of light artillery, two hundred and 
 fifty thousand dollars. Purchase, manufacture and altera- 
 tion of small arms, four hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 
 For ordnance, ordnance stores and supplies, including horse 
 equipments for the regiment of cavalry and for light batte- 
 
93 
 
 ries, one hundred and ninety-nine thousand five hundred 
 and forty dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of 
 War, under the direction of the President, he and he is here- 
 by authorized to apply any portion of the appropriations 
 made by this act to the support of the provisional forces 
 which may be called into service, whenever, in his opinion, 
 the same may be necessary. 
 
 Approved March 11, 1861. 
 
 No. 64.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish a Court of Admiralty and Maritime Jurisdic- 
 tion at Key West, in the State of Florida. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That a court of admiralty and maritime juris- 
 diction at Key West, in the State of Florida, shall be and is 
 hereby created, which shall have cognizance of all civil 
 causes of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, including all 
 seizures under the revenue laws or laws of navigation and 
 trade of the Confederate States, when the seizures are made, 
 or cause of complaint arises on waters which are navigable 
 from the sea by vessels of ten or more tons burden, as well 
 as upon the high seas, saving to suiters in all cases the right 
 of a common law remedy, where the remedy at common law 
 is ample and complete. The said court shall exercise juris- 
 diction in all that part of the State of Florida which lies 
 south of a line drawn due east and west from the northern 
 point of Charlotte Harbor, including the islands, keys, reefs, 
 shoals, harbors, bays and inlets south of said line. 
 
 Sec 2. The said court shall also have cognizance of all 
 crimes and offences cognizable under the authority of the 
 Confederate States arising upon the high seas and within 
 the territorial limits aforesaid. And until otherwise provi- 
 ded by law of Congress, the laws of the United States in 
 regard to crimes and offences, p nd to the mode of procedure, 
 practice and trial in all criminal or penal cases, shall be in 
 force and form the rule of practice and decision in the said 
 court. 
 
 Sec 3. There shall be appointed by the President, by and 
 
94 
 
 "with the advice and consent of Congress, a judge of said 
 court, for the term prescribed by the constitution, who shall 
 receive compensation at the rate of three thousand five hun- 
 dred dollars per annum, payable quarterly. The judge 
 shall reside at Key West in the state aforesaid, and shall 
 hold two regular terms of said court in each year, at Key 
 West, the one commencing on the first Monday of May, the 
 other on the first Monday of November in each year ; and 
 shall hold extra sessions of the same from time to time, at 
 such places in said district as occasion may require, to des- 
 patch the business of said court. And the said court shall 
 be at all times open for the purpose of hearing and deter- 
 mining all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction. 
 
 Sec. 4. The said judge shall also appoint a marshal and 
 a clerk for said court, who shall be in all respects subject to 
 the provisions of the act entitled " An act to establish the 
 judicial courts of the Confederate States of America," so 
 far as the same relates to the bonds, oaths, qualifications, 
 powers, duties, liabilities and official conduct of the clerks 
 or marshals respectively, and to the remedy for any viola- 
 tion of duty, breach of bond or otlier official delinquency. 
 And they shall also have the same fees for their respective 
 services as in said act are prescribed. 
 
 Sec 5. The clerk shall reside and keep the records of the 
 court at the place of holding the same, and it shall also be 
 his duty to attend the sittings of the said court wherever 
 held, and keep a record of its acts and proceedings, as if 
 held at the regular place of holding the same. The said 
 marshal shall also attend the said court wherever holden, and 
 shall have power to appoint as many deputies as he may 
 deem necessary, for whose official acts he shall be bound as 
 for his own. 
 
 Sec. 6. Appeals may be allowed and writs of error sued 
 out from said court to the supreme court of the Confederate 
 States, in the same manner and upon the same terms as from 
 a district court of the Confederate States. 
 
 Sec 7. The said judge shall also appoint for said court a 
 fit person, learned in the law, to act as attorney for the Con- 
 federate States in all matters touching their interest and in 
 all crimes and offences against their laws. He shall receive 
 for his services a salary of two hundred dollars per annum, 
 payable quarterly, and the further sum of five dollars a day 
 for each day that he may attend said court when in actual 
 session. 
 
95 
 
 Sec 8. And be it further enacted, That no vessel, or any 
 master thereof, shall be regularly employed in the business 
 of wrecking on the coast of Florida without the license of 
 the judge of said court; and before licensing any vessel or 
 master, the judge shall be satisfied that the vessel is seawor- 
 thy and properly and sufficiently equipped and fitted for the 
 business of saving property shipwrecked and in distress, and 
 that the master thereof is trustworthy and innocent of any 
 fraud or misconduct in relation to any property shipwrecked 
 or saved on said coast. 
 
 Sec. 9. That the said court shall conform to the practice 
 of the district courts when exercising admiralty and mari- 
 time jurisdiction, and shall moreover have power to make 
 rules to govern the practice therein not inconsistent with 
 the laws of the Confederate States. 
 
 Sec 10. All writs and process, either mesne or final, 
 which shall issue from said court, shall bear test of the 
 judge of said court, and shall be under the seal and signed 
 by the clerk thereof. 
 
 Sec 11. This act shall take effect and be in forca from 
 and after the passage thereof. 
 
 Approved March 11, 1861. 
 
 No. 65.] RESOLUTIONS 
 
 Providing for a Digest of Laws. 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of three members of this body 
 be appointed to revise the statute laws of the United States, 
 and report, in form of a digest, such laws as are applicable 
 to this Confederacy, together with such changes and modifi- 
 cations as they would recommend for the adoption of Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Resolved further, That the committee have leave to sit 
 during the recess, and to employ such clerks and to order 
 such printing as they may require, and that they be authori- 
 zed to draw for the same on the appropriation for the con- 
 tingent expenses of Congress. 
 
 Resolved further, That the committee be appointed by the 
 President of Congress. 
 
 Approved, March 12, 1861. 
 
96 
 
 No. 66.] AN ACT 
 
 Making appropriations to carry out the provisions of " An 
 act to provide for the public defence." 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That to enable the President to carry into effect 
 the provisions of the act of the Congress of the Confede- 
 rate States, entitled "An act to provide for the public de- 
 fence," and to provide for the pay, subsistence and trans- 
 portation of such volunteer forces as may be called into 
 service by authority of the said act, the sum of five millions 
 of dollars, or as much thereof as may be necessary, be and 
 the same is hereby appropriated, from any moneys in the 
 treasury not otherwise appropriated. 
 
 Approved, March 12, 1861. 
 
 No. 67.] AN ACT 
 
 Amendatory of an Act for the organization of the Staff De- 
 partments of the Army, and an Act for the establishment 
 and organization of the Army of the Confederate States 
 
 of America. 
 
 f 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the adjutant and inspector-general's de- 
 partment shall consist of two assistant adjutants-general with 
 the rank of lieutenant-colonel, two assistant adjutants-gene- 
 ral with the rank of major, and four assistant adjutants- 
 general with the rank of captain. 
 
 Sec 2. Be it further enacted, That there shall be added 
 one brigadier-general to those heretofore authorized by law, 
 and that any one of the brigadier-generals of the army of 
 the Confederate States may be assigned to the duty of adju- 
 tant and inspector-general, at the discretion of the Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That the quartermaster-gene- 
 ral's department shall consist of one quartermaster-general 
 with the rank of colonel, one assistant quartermaster-gene- 
 ral with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, four assistant quar- 
 termasters with the rank of major, and such other officers 
 in that department as are already provided by law. 
 
97 
 
 Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, That the commissary-gene- 
 ral's department shall consist of one commissary-general 
 with the rank of colonel, one commissary with the rank of 
 lieutenant-colonel, one commissary with the rank of major, 
 and three commissaries with the rank of captain ; and as 
 many assistant commissaries as may from time to time be 
 required by the service may be detailed by the War Depart- 
 ment from the subalterns of the line, who, in addition to 
 their pay in the line, shall receive twenty dollars per month 
 while engaged in that service. 
 
 Sec 5. Be it further enacted, That in all cases of officers 
 who have resigned, or who may within six months tender 
 their resignations from the army of the United States, and 
 who have been or may be appointed to original vacancies in 
 the army of the Confederate States, the commissions issued 
 shall bear one and the same date, so that the relative rank of 
 officers of each grade shall be determined by their former 
 commissions in the United States army, held anterior to the 
 secession of these Confederate States from the United States. 
 
 Sec. 6. Be it further enacted, That every officer, non-com- 
 missioned officer, musician and private shall take and sub- 
 scribe the following oath or affirmation, to-wit : I, A. B., do 
 solemly swear or affirm (as the case may be) that while I 
 continue in the service I will bear true faith and yield obedi- 
 ence to the Confederate States of America, and that I will 
 serve them honestly and faithfully against their enemies, 
 and that I will observe and obey the orders of the President 
 of the Confederate States, and the orders of the officers ap- 
 pointed over me, according to the rules and articles of war. 
 
 Sec 7. Be it further enacted, That all laws and parts of 
 laws militating against this act be and the same are hereby 
 repealed. 
 
 Approved March 14, 1861. 
 
 No. 69.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 Accepting certain Funds tendered to the Confederate States 
 by the State of Louisiana. 
 
 Whereas, The Convention of the State of Louisiana has 
 adopted an ordinance as follows, to wit : 
 7 
 
08 
 
 " An ordinance to transfer certain funds to the Govern- 
 ment of the Confederate States of America. 
 
 "Sec. 1. It is hereby ordained, That the sum of three 
 hundred and eighty-nine thousand two hundred and sixty- 
 seven, forty-six one hundredths dollars, now in the hands 
 of A. J. Guirot, State Depository, and known as the ■ Bul- 
 lion Fund, ' be transferred to the Government of the Con- 
 federate States of America, and that said depository be and 
 he is hereby authorized and instructed to pay said sum upon 
 the order of the Secretary of the Treasury of said Confede- 
 rate States. 
 
 Sec 2. It is further ordained, That the sum of one hun- 
 dred and forty-seven thousand five hundred and nineteen 
 dollars and sixty-six cents, being the balance received by 
 said State Depository from the customs since the thirty-first 
 of January last, be transferred to said Government and paid 
 by said depository upon the order of said Secretary of the 
 Treasury of the Confederate States. " 
 
 Be it therefore resolved by the Congress of the Confederate 
 States of America, That the Congress accepts with a high 
 sense of the patriotic liberality of the State of Louisiana, 
 the funds so generously tendered to the Treasury of the 
 Confederate States, and proffered in the ordinance afore- 
 said. 
 
 Approved March 14, 1861. 
 
 No. 70.] AN ACT 
 
 To provide for the organization of the Navy. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Ame- 
 rica do enact, That the President be authorized to appoint, 
 in the manner prescribed by law, the following commissioned 
 officers of the navy, viz : four captains, four commanders, 
 thirty lieutenants, five surgeons, five assistant surgeons, 
 six paymasters and two chief engineers, and to employ as 
 masters, midshipmen, engineers, naval constructors, boat- 
 swains, gunners, carpenters, sailmakers and other warrant 
 and petty officers and seamen as he may deem necessary, 
 not to exceed in the aggregate three thousand. 
 
 Sec 2. The annual pay of said officers shall be as fol- 
 lows, viz : 
 
99 
 
 Captains, when commanding squadrons, five thousand dol- 
 lars. 
 
 All other captains on duty at sea, four thousand two hun- 
 dred dollars. 
 
 On other duty, three thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders, three thousand dollars. 
 
 Commanders. — Every Commander on duty at sea, for the 
 first five years after the date of his commission, two thou- 
 sand eight hundred and twenty-five dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commission, 
 three thousand one hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 Every commander on other duty, for the first five years 
 after the date of his commission, two thousand six hundred 
 and sixty-two dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commis- 
 sion, two thousand eight hundred and twenty-five dollars. 
 
 All other commanders, two thousand two hundred and 
 fifty dollars. 
 
 Lieutenants commanding at sea, two thousand five hun- 
 dred and fifty dollars. 
 
 Lieutenants. — Every lieutenant on duty at sea, one thou- 
 sand five hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen seven years' sea service in the 
 navy, one thousand seven hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen nine years' sea service, one thou- 
 sand nine hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall Itave seen eleven years' sea service, two 
 thousand one hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen thirteen years' sea service, two> 
 thousand two hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 Every lieutenant on other duty shall receive one thousand 
 five hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen seven years' sea service in the 
 navy, one thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen nine years' sea service, one thou- 
 sand seven hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen eleven years' sea service, one 
 thousand eight hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen thirteen years' sea service, one 
 thousand eight hundred and seventy-five dollars. 
 
 Every lieutenant on leave or waiting orders, one thousand 
 two hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen seven years' sea service in the- 
 navy, one thousand two hundred and sixty-six dollars. 
 
100 
 
 After lie shall have seen nine years' sea service, one thou- 
 sand three hundred and thirty-three dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen eleven years' sea service, one 
 thousand four hundred dollars. 
 
 After he shall have seen thirteen years' sea service, one 
 thousand four hundred and fifty 'dollars. 
 
 Masters. — Every master in the line of promotion, when 
 on duty as such at sea, one thousand two hundred dollars. 
 
 When on other duty, one thousand one hundred dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders, eight hundred and 
 twenty-five dollars. 
 
 Midshipmen. — Every midshipman at sea, five hundred and 
 fifty dollars. 
 
 When on other duty, five hundred dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders, four hundred and fifty 
 dollars. 
 
 Surgeons. — Every surgeon on duty at sea, for the first 
 five years' after the date of his commission as surgeon, two 
 rthousand two hundred dollars. 
 
 For the second five years' after the date of his commis- 
 .sion as surgeon, two thousand four hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third five years' after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, two thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 For the fourth five years' after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, two thousand eight hundred dollars. 
 
 For twenty years' service and upwards, after the date of 
 his commission as surgeon, three thousand dollars. 
 
 Fleet surgeons, three thousand three hundred dollars. 
 
 Every surgeon on other duty, for the first five years after 
 the date of his commission as surgeon, two thousand dol- 
 lars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commis- 
 sion as surgeon, two thousand two hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third five years after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, two thousand four hundred dollars. 
 
 For the fourth five years after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, two thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 For twenty years' service after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, two thousand eight hundred dollars. 
 
 Every surgeon on leave or waiting orders, for the first 
 five years after the date of his commission as surgeon, one 
 thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, one thousand eight hundred dollars. 
 
101 
 
 For the third five years after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, one thousand nine hundred dollars. 
 
 For the fourth five years after the date of his commission 
 as surgeon, two thousand one hundred dollars. 
 
 For twenty years' service and upwards, after the date of 
 his commission as surgeon, two thousand three hundred dol- 
 lars. 
 
 Assistant Surgeons. — Every assistant surgeon on duty at 
 sea, one thousand two hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 When on other duty, one thousand and fifty dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders, eight hundred dollars. 
 
 Paymasters. — Every paymaster on duty at sea, for the 
 first five years after the date of his commission, two thou- 
 sand dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commission, 
 two thousand four hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third five years after the date of his commision, 
 two thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 For the fourth five years after the date of his comission, 
 two thousand nine hundred dollars. 
 
 For twenty years and upwards after the date of his com- 
 mission, three thousand one hundred dollars. 
 
 Every paymaster on other duty, for the first five years 
 after the date of his commission, one thousand eight hun- 
 dred dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commission, 
 two thousand one hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third five years after the date of his commission, 
 two thousand four hundred dollars. 
 
 For the fourth five years after the date of his commission, 
 two thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 For twenty years' service and upwards, after the date of 
 his commission, two thousand eight hundred dollars. 
 
 Every paymaster on leave or waiting orders, for the first 
 five years after the date of his commission, one thousand 
 four hundred dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commission, 
 one thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third five years after the date of his commission, 
 one thousand eight hundred dollars. 
 
 For the fourth five years after the date of his commission, 
 two thousand dollars. 
 
 For twenty years' service and upwards, after the date of 
 his commission, two thousand two hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
102 
 
 Engineers. — Every chief engineer on duty, for the first 
 five years after the date of his commission, one thousand 
 eight hundred dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commission, 
 two thousand two hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third five years after the date of his commission/ 
 two thousand four hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 After fifteen years after the date of his commission, two 
 thousand six hundred dollars. 
 
 Every chief engineer on leave or waiting orders, for the 
 first five years after the date of his commission, one thousand 
 two hundred dollars. 
 
 For the second five years after the date of his commis- 
 sion, one thousand three hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third five years after the date of his commission, 
 one thousand four hundred dollars. 
 
 After fifteen years' service after the date of his commis- 
 sion, one thousand five hundred dollars. 
 
 Every first assistant engineer on duty, one thousand two 
 hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders, nine hundred dollars. 
 
 Every second assistant engineer on duty, one thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders, seven hundred and fifty 
 dollars. 
 
 Every third assistant engineer on duty, seven hundred and 
 fifty dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders, six hundred dollars. 
 
 Warrant Officers. — Every boatswain, gunner, carpenter 
 and sail-maker on duty at sea, for the first three years' sea 
 service after the date of his warrant, one thousand dollars. 
 
 For the second three years' sea service after the date of 
 his warrant, one thousand one hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 For the third three years' sea service after the date of his 
 warrant, one thousand two hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 For the fourth three years' sea service after the date of 
 his warrant, one thousand three hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 For twelve years' sea service and upwards, one thousand 
 four hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 When on other duty : 
 
 For the first three years' of sea service after the date of 
 warrant, eight hundred dollars. 
 
 For the second three years' sea service after the date of 
 his warrant, nine hundred dollars. 
 
103 
 
 For the third three years of sea service after the date of 
 his warrant, one. thousand dollars. 
 
 For the fourth three years' sea service after the date of 
 his warrant, one thousand one hundred dollars. 
 
 For twelve years' sea service and upwards, one thousand 
 two hundred dollars. 
 
 When on leave or waiting orders : 
 
 For the first three years' sea serviee after the date of his 
 warrant, six hundred dollars. 
 
 For the second three years' sea serviee after the date of his 
 warrant, seven hundred dollars. 
 
 For the third three years' sea service after the date of his 
 warrant, eight hundred dollars. 
 
 For the fourth three years' sea service after the date of his 
 warrant, nine hundred dollars. 
 
 For twelve years' sea service and upwards, one thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 And be it further enacted, That the commissioned officers 
 hereinbefore provided for, and who shall not be nominated 
 before the adjournment of Congress, may be appointed by 
 the President during the recess, to hold their commissions 
 until the next session of Congress. 
 
 Sec. 3. In computing the length of service of such officers 
 as were attached to the navy of the United States, but who 
 have resigned, and have been or may be received into the 
 service of the Confederate States, their period of service in 
 the navy of the United States shall be included, and no ser- 
 vice shall be regarded as sea service in the purview of said 
 act but such as shall actually be performed at sea, and in ves- 
 sels employed by authority of law. 
 
 Sec. 4. The pay of seamen of the navy shall be determin- 
 ed by the President, and may be altered by him from time 
 to time as circumstances may require. 
 
 Sec 5. There shall be a corps of marines, to consist of 
 one major, one quartermaster, one paymaster, one adjutant, 
 one sergeant-major, one quartermaster-sergeant, and six 
 companies, each company to consist of one captain, one first 
 and one second lieutenant, four sergeants, four corporals, 
 one hundred men and two musicians ; and the pay and al- 
 lowances of the officers and enlisted men shall be the same 
 as that of the officers and enlisted men of like grade in the 
 infantry of the army, except that the ration of the enlisted 
 marines shall be the ration allowed by law to seamen. 
 
 Sec. 6. The following officers shall be attached to the 
 
104 
 
 Navy Department, to wit : An officer, not below the grade 
 of commander, who shall be charged with the purchase or 
 preparation of ordnance, ordnance stores and supplies and 
 equipments, and with hydrography, and with such other du- i 
 ties as the Secretary of the Navy may from time to time 
 assign to him ; an officer not below the grade of lieutenant, 
 to be designated as the officer of orders and detail, who shall, 
 under the orders of the Secretary of the Navy, prepare and 
 issue all orders and details for service, and who shall also,, 
 under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy, have 
 charge of all matters and things connected with courts mar- 
 tial and courts of inquiry, and with the custody of all re- 
 cords and papers thereunto appertaining, and perform such 
 other duties relating to the personnel of the navy, as the 
 secretary may from time to time direct ; a surgeon or an 
 assistant Surgeon, who shall, under the direction of the Sec- 
 retary of the Navy, make all purchases of medicines and 
 medical supplies for the navy, and perform such other duties- 
 appertaining to the medical department as the S2cretary may 
 from time to time direct ; a paymaster, who shall, under the 
 direction of the Secretary of the Navy, make all contracts 
 for or purchases of provisions, clothing and coal for the use 
 of the navy, and perform such other duties as the secretary 
 may direct. The Secretary of the Navy is authorized to 
 appoint one clerk to aid each of the above officers in the dis- 
 charge of his duties, whose annual salary shall not exceed 
 fifteen hundred dollars each; but the officers therein detailed 
 for duty, shall receive no compensation for their services 
 beyond their regular pay as on other duty. 
 
 Sec. 7. It shall be the duty of the quartermaster of the 
 marine corps to visit the different posts where portions of 
 the corps may be stationed, as often as may be necessary for 
 the proper discharge of his duties. 
 
 Sec. 8. It shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Navy 
 to prepare and publish regulations for the general govern- 
 ment of all persons connected with or employed in the naval 
 service, which regulations shall take effect as soon as they 
 shall be approved by the President and published. 
 
 Sec 9. All laws of the United States heretofore enacted 
 for the government of the officers, seamen and marines of 
 the navy of the United States, that are not inconsistent 
 with the provisions of this act, are hereby adopted and ap- 
 plied to the officers, seamen and marines of the navy of the 
 Confederate States. 
 
105 
 
 Sec 10. The President may determine the relative and as- 
 similated rank which officers of the navy shall hold toward 
 those of the army. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 71.] . AN ACT 
 
 To regulate Foreign Coins in the Confederate States. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That all laws and parts of laws now in force for the 
 regulation of the mint and branch mints of the Uuited States 
 and for the government of the officers and persons employed 
 therein, and for the punishment of all offences connected 
 with the mint or coinage of the United States, shall be and 
 they are hereby declared to be in full force in relation to 
 the mints of New Orleans and Dahlonega. 
 
 Sec 2. That all laws now in force in reference to the coins 
 of the United States, and the striking and coining of the 
 same, shall as far as applicable have full force and effect in 
 relation to the coins therein authorized, whether the said 
 laws are penal or otherwise, and whether they are for pre- 
 venting counterfeiting or debasement, for protecting the 
 currency, for regulating and guarding the process of strik- 
 ing and coining and the preparations therefor, or for the 
 security of the coin, or for any other purpose. 
 
 Sec. 3. That the silver coins issued in conformity with 
 the law of the United States of twenty-first of February 
 and third of March, eighteen hundred and fifty-three, shall 
 be legal tenders in payment of debts for all sums not exceed- 
 ing ten dollars, all laws to the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 Sec 4. That the following foreign gold coin shall pass 
 current as money within the Confederate States of America, 
 and be receivable for the payment of all debts and demands 
 at the following rates, that is to say : The sovereign of Eng- 
 land, of no less a weight than five pennyweights and three 
 grains, and of the fineness of (915 l-'z) nine hundred fifteen 
 and one-half thousandths, shall be deemed equal to four 
 dollars and eighty-two cents. The Napoleon, of the weight 
 of not less than (4 dwts., 3 1-2 grs.) four penny weigths 
 three grains and one-half, and of a fineness of not less than 
 
106 
 
 (899) eight hundred ninety-ninth thousandths, shall be 
 deemed equal to three dollars and eighty-two cents. The 
 Spanish and Mexican doubloons, of no less a weight than 
 (17 dwts., 8 1-2 grs.) seventeen pennyweights eight grains 
 and one-half, and of the fineness of noc less than (899) eight 
 hundred ninety-ninth thousandths, shall be deemed equal to 
 fifteen dollars and fifty-three cents. 
 
 Sec. 5. That the following silver coins shall pass current 
 as money within the Confederate States of America, and be 
 received in payment for all debts and demands at the follow- 
 ing rates, that is to say: The American dollar, (412 l-2g.) 
 four hundred twelve and one-half grains, and the dollar of 
 Mexico, of not less than (897) eight hundred ninety-seventh 
 thousandths in fineness and (415g.) four hundred fifteen 
 grains in weight, shall be deemed equal to one dollar and 
 two cents. The five-franc piece, of not less than (900) 
 nine hundred thousandths in fineness and (384) three hun- 
 dred eighty-four grains in weight, shall be deemed equal to 
 ninety-five cents. 
 
 Be it further enacted, That all laws and parts of laws in- 
 consistent with this act be and the same are hereby repealed. 
 
 Approved March 14, 1861. 
 
 No. 72.] RESOLUTIONS 
 
 In reference to Forts, Dock-yards, Reservations, and Pro- 
 perty ceded to the Confederate States. 
 
 Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States, That the 
 Congress do recommend to the respective states to cede the 
 forts, arsenals, navy-yards, dock-yards and other public 
 establishments within their respective limits to the Confede- 
 rate States, and moreover, to cede so much of the lands 
 reserved heretofore by the government of the United States, 
 or other public vacant lands in their respective limits as 
 may be necessary for timber or lumber for naval or other 
 purposes of public concern ; and that the President of Con- 
 gress be requested to communicate these resolutions and the 
 accompanying report to the governors of the respective 
 states. 
 
 Resolved further, That in case of such cession, the Presi- 
 
107 
 
 dent be and he is hereby authorized and empowered to take 
 charge of any such property ceded. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 73.] AN ACT 
 
 Making appropriations for the Legislative, Executive and 
 Judicial expenses of Government for the year ending 4th 
 of February, eighteen hundred and sixty-two. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the following sums be and the same are 
 hereby appropriated, out of any money in the treasury not 
 otherwise appropriated, for the objects hereafter expressed, 
 for the year ending the fourth of February, eighteen hun- 
 dred and sixty-two, namely : 
 
 Legislative. — For compensation and mileage of members 
 of Congress, twenty-six thousand seven hundred and forty 
 dollars. 
 
 For compensation of the officers, clerks and messengers, 
 and others employed by Congress, nine thousand dollars. 
 
 For the .contingent expenses of Congress, twenty thou- 
 sandtflollars. 
 
 Executive. — For compensation of the President of the 
 Confederate States, twenty-five thousand dollars. 
 
 For compensation of the Vice President of the Confede- 
 rate States, six thousand dollars. 
 
 For compensation of the private secretary of the Presi- 
 dent, and messenger, one thousand seven hundred dollars. 
 
 For contingent expenses of the executive office three hun- 
 dred and fifty dollars. 
 
 Department of State. — For compensation of the Secretary 
 of State, and assistant secretary, clerks and messenger, 
 twelve thousand two hundred dollars. 
 
 For the incidental and contingent expenses of said depart- 
 ment, thirty-two thousand dollars. 
 
 Treasury Department. — For compensation of Secretary of 
 the Treasury, assistant secretary of the treasury, comptrol- 
 ler, auditor, treasurer and register, clerks and messengers, 
 including those employed in the several bureaus of the 
 Treasury Department, fifty-eight thousand eight hundred 
 dollars. 
 
108 
 
 For the incidental and contingent expenses of said depart- 
 ment, including the bureaus, twelve thousand dollars. 
 
 War Department. — For compensation of Secretary of War, 
 chief of bureau, clerks and messengers, including the 
 clerks and messengers in the several offices of adjutant-gene- 
 ral, quartermaster-general, commissary-general, surgeon- 
 general, chief engineer and .artillery, thirty-four thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of said depart- 
 ment, twenty-five thousand dollars. 
 
 Navy Department. — For compensation of Secretary of the 
 Navy, clerks and messengers in his office, twelve thousand 
 three hundred dollars. 
 
 For the incidental and contingent expenses of the Navy 
 Department, five thousand dollars. 
 
 Post-Office Department. — For compensation of the Post- 
 master General, clerks and messengers in his office, twenty- 
 nine thousand nine hundred dolla'rs. 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of the Post-Office 
 Department, fifteen thousand dollars. 
 
 Department of Justice. — For compensation of the Attor- 
 ney-General, clerks, and messengers in his department, ten 
 thousand two hundred dollars. 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of said depart- 
 ment, three thousand dollars. 
 
 Judiciary. — For salaries of judges, attorneys, marshals, 
 and incidental and contingent expenses of courts, fifty thou- 
 sand dollars. 
 
 Mint and Independent Treasury. — For compensation of offi- 
 cers, incidental and contingent expenses, including wages 
 of workmen and pay of laborers, if necessary for the mints 
 and independent treasury, the sum of eighty thousand dol- 
 lars. 
 
 Foreign Intercourse. — For salaries of ministers, commis- 
 sioners, secretaries or other officers employed by the govern- 
 ment in relation to intercourse with foreign governments, 
 and for incidental, miscellaneous and contingent necessities 
 and expenses connected with said intercourse with foreign 
 nations, one hundred thousand dollars. 
 
 Lighthouses. — For supplying the lighthouses and beacon 
 lights with oil, wicks, glass, chimneys, and other expenses 
 of the same, repairing and keeping in repair the lighting 
 apparatus, salaries of keepers and assistants within the juris- 
 
109 
 
 diction of the Confederate States, one hundred and fifty 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 Expenses of Collecting Revenue. — For expenses of collect- 
 ing revenue from customs at the several ports of entry and 
 .delivery as now established by law, and which may hereafter 
 be designated under the authority given to the Secretary of 
 the Treasury, in the respective states of the Confederate 
 States of America, five hundred and twenty-five thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 For expenses of engraving bonds and certificates of stock, 
 under the acts to raise money for the support of the govern- 
 ment, and to provide for the defence of the Confederate 
 States of America, and to issue treasury notes, twenty 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 Executive Mansion. — For rent of house for President of 
 the Confederate States, five thousand dollars. 
 
 Miscellaneous. — For necessities and exigencies under laws 
 already passed, or which may be passed, or from causes 
 which now exist, or may hereafter arise, and unforeseen 
 emergencies, there is hereby appropriated the sum of two 
 hundred thousand dollars, subject to the requisition and 
 under the control of the President of the Confederate States 
 of America. 
 
 Approved, March 15, 1861. 
 
 'No. 74.] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the appointment of Commercial Agents or Con- 
 suls to foreign ports. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Co? federate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That the President be and he is hereby authorized 
 Bo appoint such commercial agents or consuls as in his opin- 
 ion the commercial interests of the Confederacy may require ; 
 and all such commercial agents or consuls shall charge the 
 fees usual under the laws of the United States : Provided, 
 however, That the amounts of money obtained by such fees' 
 fehall be reported to the Treasury Department, and the sala- 
 ries shall not be greater than the laws of the United States 
 illow. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
110 
 
 No. 75.] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the construction or purchase of Ten Gunboats. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That the President be and he is hereby authorized 
 to cause to be constructed or purchased ten steam gun boats, 
 for coast defence, whereof five shall be of a tonnage not ex- 
 ceeding seven hundred and fifty tons, and five of a tonnage 
 not exceeding one thousand tons. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 76.] AN ACT 
 
 To define and fix the pay of the Officers of the Congress of 
 the Provisional Government. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of AmerU 
 ca do enact, That the Secretary of the Congress shall receive 
 an annual compensation of twenty-five hundred dollars, and 
 at that rate during the continuance of the Provisional Gov- 
 ernment ; that the assistant secretary, journal clerk and 
 reading clerk, shall receive an annual compensation of two 
 thousand dollars, as aforesaid ; that the door-keeper shall re- 
 ceive an annual compensation of twelve hundred dollars, as 
 aforesaid ; that the messenger shall receive an annual com- 
 pensation of one thousand dollars, as aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 2. That the extra clerk employed by the day to en- 
 rol or engross the acts of the Congress shall receive six dol- 
 lars per diem, to be paid on the warrant of the President of 
 the Congress. 
 
 AppPcOVed March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 77.] AN ACT 
 
 To amend an act entitled "An act to establish a Court of 
 Admiralty and Maritime Jurisdiction at Key West, in the 
 State of Florida." 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That so much of an act entitled "An act to es- 
 
Ill 
 
 tablish a Court of Admiralty and Maritime Jurisdiction at 
 Key West, in the State of Florida," as provides for the ap- 
 pointment of a District Attorney and Marshal of said court 
 by the judge thereof, be and the same is hereby repealed, 
 and it is hereby made the duty of the President of the Con- 
 federate States to appoint for said court a fit person, learned 
 in the law, to act as attorney for the Coufederate States in 
 all crimes and offences against their laws, and in all other 
 matters touching their interest. The President shall also 
 appoint a marshal for said court ; and said attorney and mar- 
 shal shall receive such pay in every respect, and perform 
 such services respectively as are provided for and required 
 of attorneys and marshals by an act entitled "An act to es- 
 tablish the Judicial Courts of the Confederate States of 
 America." 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 78.] AN ACT 
 
 To provide for the payment of Light Money in the Confede- 
 rate States. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That a duty of five cents per ton, to be denominated "Light 
 Money," shall be levied and collected on all ships or ves- 
 sels which, after the first day of May next, may enter the 
 seaports of the Confederate States from any seaport, to be 
 collected in the manner heretofore provided by law as to 
 tonnage duties ; Provided, however, That on all vessels 
 trading regularly between ports of the Confederate States, 
 the said duties shall not be levied and collected oftener than 
 once in every three months. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 79.] AN ACT 
 
 To appoint a Second Auditor of the Treasury. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That there shall be appointed by the President, by and with 
 the advice and consent of the Congress, an additional officer 
 
112 
 
 for the Treasury Department, to be called the Second Audi- 
 tor of the Treasury, who shall be charged with the auditing 
 of accounts for the War Department, and who shall receive 
 for his services a salary of three thousand dollars per an- 
 num. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 80.] AN ACT 
 
 Authorizing the President alone to make certain appoint- 
 ments. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That during the recess of this Congress the President shall 
 have power to make appointments of such inferior officers as 
 by the Constitution of this Provisional Government the Con- 
 gress has authority to vest in him alone, anything in any law 
 hertofore passed to the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 81.1 AN ACT 
 
 Vesting certain powers in the Postmaster General. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ameri- 
 ca do enact, That in the event of a discontinuance of the pos- 
 tal service in any of the Confederate States, as now carried 
 on by the government of the United States, before the Post- 
 master General of this Confederacy shall have prepared the 
 new service, under the provisions of the act already passed 
 by this Congress, it shall be lawful for the said Postmaster 
 General to renew, provisionally, the contracts under which 
 the service is now performed, and to continue in office the 
 several postmasters and other officers now employed in such 
 postal service, until he is prepared to replace said service 
 and said officers by new contracts and appointments. 
 
 Sec. 2. That the Postmaster General, at a time to be fixed 
 by him, is hereby authorized to advertise and enter into con- 
 tracts for carrying the mail with due celerity, certainty and 
 
113 
 
 security, on the post routes within the Confederate States, 
 other than railroads and steamboats, in accordance with the 
 acts passed by this Congress. 
 
 Sec. 3. That after such contracts shall have been entered 
 into, on and after a day to be designated by the proclamation 
 of the Postmaster General, all conveyance of mails within the 
 limits of the Confederate States, except by authority of the 
 Postmaster General is hereby prohibited. 
 
 Sec 4. Be it further enacted, That the Postmaster General 
 have power to issue circular instructions to the several post- 
 masters and other officers still performing serviee under the 
 appointment of the United States, in order to enforce the 
 rendition of the proper accounts and payment of the moneys 
 collected by them per account of the United States, until the 
 Postmaster General shall have issued his proclamation an- 
 nouncing that the former service is discontinued and is re- 
 placed by the new service, organized under the authority of 
 this Government. 
 
 Sec. 5. That it shall be lawful for the Postmaster Gene- 
 ral to allow express and other chartered companies to carry 
 letters and all mail matter of every description, whether the 
 same be enclosed in stamped envelopes or pre-paid by stamps 
 or money ; but if the same be pre-paid in money, the nionry 
 shall be paid to some Postmaster, who shall stamp the same 
 paid, and shall account to the Post-Office Department for 
 the same, in the same manner as for letters sent by the 
 mail ; and if pre-paid by stamps, then the express or other 
 company receiving such letters for delivery shall obliterate 
 such stamps, under the penalty of five hundred dollars for 
 each failure, to be recovered by action of debt in any court 
 having jurisdiction thereof, in the name of the Postmaster 
 General, for the use of the Confederate States ; but if said 
 letters or mail matter shall be received by such express or 
 other company, not for delivery, but to be mailed, then the 
 matter so carried shall be pre-paid at the same rate that the 
 existing law requires it to be paid from the point where it 
 may be received by such company to the point of its desti- 
 nation, and the postmaster, where such company may mail 
 the same, shall deface the stamps upon the same. 
 
 Sec 6. Be it further enacted, That each agent of any com- 
 pany who may carry letters under the provisions of this act, 
 shall be required to take .an oath that he will faithfully com- 
 ply with the law of the Confederate States relating to the 
 carrying of letters or other mail matter and obliterating 
 8 
 
114 
 
 postage stamps, winch oath may be administered by any jus- 
 tice of the peace, and shall be in writing, and signed by 
 such agent or messenger, and filed in the Post-Office De- 
 partment. 
 
 Approved March 15, 18-61, 
 
 No. 82.] AN ACT 
 
 To amend the laws relative to the compensation of the At- 
 torneys of the Confederate States. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That in addition to the compensation now allow- 
 ed by law to the attorneys of the Confederate States, there 
 shall be hereafter allowed to them for their services to the 
 Confederate States the following fees : For drafting the dec- 
 laration writ, information or other pleadings necessary to 
 bring the cause to an issue, ten dollars ; for arguing ques- 
 tions of law arising on the pleadings or demurrer, ten dol- 
 lars — but not more than one such fee shall be allowed in any 
 cause; for drawing indictments on criminal informations, 
 five dollars ; for collecting and paying over to the Confede- 
 rate States moneys, a commission of one per cent, on the 
 amount collected and paid, whether the same have been col- 
 lected on execution or otherwise ; for attendance on a refer- 
 ence from the court to a master or commissioner, five dol- 
 lars a day ; for examining a land title and written opinion 
 thereon, twenty dollars ; for making abstract of title when 
 required, twenty dollars ; for examining and making report 
 on any question or subject when thereto required by the 
 President or any head of department, thirty dollars ; for 
 services in any suit in a state court in which it may be 
 necessary to appear in behalf of the Confederate States, 
 twenty dollars ; for services in any case arising under the 
 extradition treaties of the Confederate States, twenty-five 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That this act take effect and 
 be in force from and after the passage thereof. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
115 
 
 No. 83.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish the Judicial Courts of the Confederate States 
 of America. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the Supreme Court of the Confederate 
 States shall hold annually) at the seat of government, one 
 session, commencing the first Monday of January, and con- 
 tinue until the business of said court is disposed of. 
 
 Sec. 2. That each of the Confederate States shall consti- 
 tute one district, in which there shall be a court called a 
 District Court, to consist of one judge, who shall reside in 
 the state for which he is appointed, and shall receive a sala- 
 ry equal to that paid to a judge of the court of the highest 
 jurisdiction in the state where he resides, payable quarterly. 
 
 Sec 3. And be it further enacted, That the Supreme Court 
 may, by any one or more of its judges being present, be 
 adjourned from day to day until a quorum be convened; 
 and that a district court, in case of the inability of the 
 judge to attend at the commencement of a session, may be 
 adjourned by the marshal of the district from day to day for 
 three successive days, and at the close of the third day the; 
 same shall stand adjourned to the next regular term, if the: 
 judge do not appear ; and in. all cases of failure to hold the 
 court, all process, pleadings and proceedings, of what nature 
 soever, pending before the said court, shall be continued of 
 course. 
 
 Sec 4. There shall be a marshal and one or more clerks; 
 appointed for each court — the marshal by the President of" 
 the Confederate States, and the clerks by the judge of said 
 court — and said clerks shall not be connected with the said 
 judge by blood or marriage, who shall hold their offices 
 during the provisional government, subject to removal by 
 the said judge. They shall each take the oath or affirmation 
 prescribed in the constitution, and for the faithful discharge 
 of the duties of their respective offices. They shall each 
 give bond with sureties, to be approved by the judge, for the 
 faithful discharge of their respective duties, in the penalty 
 and for the amount which may be prescribed by the judge; 
 but that of the marshal in no instance shall be less than 
 twenty thousand dollars. The marshal may appoint as. 
 many deputies as may be necessary, for whose acts he and 
 his sureties shall be bound as for his own. 
 
116 
 
 Sec 5. It shall be the duty of the marshal to attend the 
 court when sitting in his district ; and the marshal of the 
 district in which the Supreme Court shall be held, shall 
 attend the sessions of said court. He shall by himself or 
 his deputy execute throughout his district all lawful precepts 
 directed to him, and issued under the authority of the Con- 
 federate States, and he shall have power to command a posse 
 comitatus in the execution of his duty. 
 
 Sec 6. And be it further enacted, That in all cases in 
 which the marshal or his deputy shall be a party, the writs 
 and precepts therein shall be directed to some disinterested 
 person, to be appointed by the court or judge thereof, and 
 such person is hereby authorized to execute and return the 
 same. And in case of the death, resignation or removal of 
 any marshal, his deputy or deputies shall continue in office, 
 unless otherwise removed, and shall execute the same in the 
 name of the deceased, resigned or removed marshal, until 
 another marshal shall be appointed and qualified ; and the 
 defaults or misfeasances in office of such deputy or deputies 
 in the meantime, as well as before, shall be adjudged a 
 breach of the condition of the bond given as before directed 
 by the marshal who appointed them ; and the executor or 
 administrator of the deceased marshal shall have like remedy 
 for the defaults and misfeasances in office of such deputy or 
 deputies, during such interval as the marshal would be enti- 
 tled to if he had continued in life or in office and in the 
 exercise of his said office until his successor was appointed 
 and qualified ; and every marshal or deputy, when removed 
 from office, or when the term for which the marshal is ap- 
 pointed shall expire, shall have power, notwithstanding, to 
 execute all such precepts and process as may be in their 
 hand respectively at the time of such removal or expiration 
 of office, until the next term of the court; and the marshal 
 shall be held answerable for the delivery to his successor of 
 all prisoners which may be in his custody at the time of his 
 removal or resignation, or when the term for which he is 
 appointed shall expire, and for that purpose may retain such 
 prisoners in his custody until his successor shall be appoint- 
 ed and qualified as the law directs ; or he may deliver his 
 prisoners to the keeper of one of the jails of the state in 
 which he is marshal, in cases where by law of such state it 
 is made the duty of jailors to receive them. 
 
 Sec 7. All writs and process, either mesne or final, which 
 shall issue from the Supreme Court, shall bear test in the 
 
117 
 
 name of either of the judges thereof; and all issued from the 
 district court shall bear test of the judge of such court, and 
 shall be under the seal of the court from whence they issue, 
 and be signed by the clerk thereof. The seals of the Su- 
 preme and district courts to be provided by the respective 
 judges of the same. 
 
 Sec. 8. The judge of each district shall appoint the times 
 and places of holding the courts in his district, and where, 
 under the laws of the United States, his state was divided 
 into two or more districts, he shall annually hold not less 
 than two terms of his court in each of these districts, as 
 they existed on the first day of November, 1860. But in 
 Louisiana he shall only be required to hold his court out of 
 New Orleans at such time or times as he may consider the 
 public interest requires him to do, and the counties, dis- 
 tricts or parishes which constitute the divisions of his dis- 
 trict, shall be the same as those which constituted the differ- 
 ent districts under the laws aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 9. The said judges, before they proceed to execute 
 the duties of their respective offices, shall take the oath or 
 affirmation prescribed in the constitution, and shall also 
 swear or affirm to administer justice without respect to per- 
 sons, and to do equal right to the poor and to the rich, and 
 faithfully and impartially to perform and discharge all the 
 duties of his office agreeably to the constitution and laws of 
 the Confederate States, to the best of his ability. 
 
 Sec. 10. The district courts shall have jurisdiction, con- 
 current with the courts of the several States, of all civil 
 suits at common law or in equity, where the matter in dis- 
 pute, exclusive of costs, exceeds the sum or value of five 
 thousand dollars, and where the character of the parties is 
 such as by the Constitution to authorize said court to enter- 
 tain jurisdiction. But no person shall be arrested or sum- 
 moned in any such suit in one division of district for trial 
 in another ; and no civil suit shall be brought before any of 
 said courts against an inhabitant of the Confederate States 
 by any original process in any other district than that of 
 which he is an inhabitant, nor shall any district court have 
 cognizance of any suit to recover the contents of any prom- 
 issory note or other chose in action in favor of an assignee 
 or transferee, unless a suit might have been prosecuted in 
 such court to recover such contents if no assignment or 
 transfer had been made, except in cases of foreign bills of 
 exchange. 
 
118 
 
 Sec. 11. Upon joint bills, bonds, notes or obligations, 
 suits may be brought against any one or more of the par- 
 ties, except that separate suits shall not be brought against 
 joint parties thereto residing in the same district ; and when 
 several actions shall be brought against persons who might 
 be legally joined in one action, the plaintiff, if judgment be 
 given in his favor, shall not recover the costs of more than 
 one action. 
 
 Sec. 12. Suits in equity shall not be sustained in any of 
 the courts of the Confederate States in any case where plain, 
 adequate remedy may be had at law. And in any State in 
 which there is or may be no separate court of equity, the 
 district court shall administer and decide on matters of 
 equity, according to the course of practice in the courts of 
 such State. 
 
 Sec. 13. The laws of the several States, except where the 
 Constitution, treaties or statutes of the Confederate States 
 shall otherwise require or provide, shall be regarded as rules 
 of decision in the courts of the Confederate States, in cases 
 where they apply. And where the decision of the highest 
 court in a State has become a rule of property, the same 
 shall be adopted as a rule in the courts of the Confederate 
 States, in cases in which the laws of such State apply. 
 
 Sec 14. Except the style, the forms of writs and execu- 
 tions and other process, and the forms and modes of proceed- 
 ing in the progress and trial of suits, and in enforcing the 
 judgments in the district courts of the Confederate States in 
 cases at law, shall be the same in each of said States, respec- 
 tively, as are now in use in the highest court of original 
 general jurisdiction of the same; and in proceedings in 
 equity, according to the principles, laws and rules which 
 govern courts oi equity in such State. And whenever any 
 State shall, by law, change such forms or modes of proceed- 
 ing in its own courts, such change shall be applicable to the 
 forms and modes of proceeding in the said district courts 
 held in such State, unless Congress shall otherwise provide 
 by law. And the said district courts shall likewise have 
 power to grant new trials. 
 
 Sec 15. The costs and fees of clerks and marshals in the 
 said district courts shall be the same in all cases, both civil 
 and criminal, as are allowed by the law of the State in which 
 such court is held, for similar services, to the officers of such 
 State in the highest court of original jurisdiction therein, 
 except that the marshal shall be entitled to mileage at the 
 
119 
 
 rate of five cents per mile for the service of process on per- 
 sons residing out of the county, district or parish in which 
 the court is holden, such mileage to be computed for the dis- 
 tance actually travelled in the service of such process, upon 
 the most direct route, computed from the place of holding 
 such court; and if there be more than one defendant in the 
 same case in one county, but one charge for mileage shall be 
 made. 
 
 Sec. 16. Both the district and supreme courts, and the 
 judges thereof, out of term, shall have power to issue writs 
 of injunction, scire facias and habeas corpus, and. all other 
 writs not specially provided for by statute which may be ne- 
 cessary for the exercise of their respective jurisdictions and 
 agreeable to the principles and usages of law : Provided, 
 That writs of habeas corpus shall in no case extend to pris- 
 oners, unless when they are in eustody under or by virtue of 
 the authority of the Confederate States. 
 
 Sec. 17. The rules for taking the deposition of any wit- 
 nesses in a case at law whose attendance cannot be procured, 
 shall be the same as are in force by law in the highest court 
 of original jurisdiction in the State in which such deposi- 
 tions are to be used; and they shall be read in evidence 
 upon the trial of the cause, subject to all legal exceptions to 
 which they would be liable in the said court of the State. 
 No witness, under any circumstances, shall be compelled to 
 attend a court in a civil cause in any other district or divi- 
 sion than that in which he resides. And where^ his attend- 
 ance cannot be procured, his deposition may be taken. In 
 suits in equity, deposition shall be taken under a commis- 
 sion issued under the seal of the court, in the same manner 
 and under the same rules and regulations in and by which 
 depositions may be taken in the highest court of original 
 equity jurisdiction in the State in which such depositions 
 are to be used, and when so taken they shall be read upon 
 the hearing of the cause, if subject to no legal exception ; 
 and the said district courts may also, on application thereof 
 as a court of equity, direct depositions to be taken to per- 
 petuate testimony relating to matters cognizable in any court 
 of the Confederate States, such depositions to be taken ac- 
 cording to the law and practice in the State in which the 
 order is made : Provided, That in Louisiana and Texas depo- 
 sitions may in all cases be taken according to the laws regu- 
 lating the practice of the highest courts of original juris- 
 diction in these States. 
 
120 
 
 Sec. 18. The judges of the several district courts may, 
 each for his own district, appoint as many commissioners as 
 he may deem necessary, to administer oaths and take ac- 
 knowledgments of deeds or other papers and take deposi- 
 tions, which acts of such commissioner shall have the 
 same force and effect in all the Confederate States and 
 the courts thereof, as if done by a judge of such court. 
 And any person swearing falsely in any oath or matter be- 
 fore such commissioner shall, upon conviction-, be liable to 
 the same punishment as if the oath had been made before 
 such judge. And the same fees shall be allowed such com- 
 missioner as are allowed for similar services by the laws of 
 the State in which they are performed. All the powers and 
 authority conferred on commissioners in and by the preced- 
 ing clause are hereby vested in and may be exercised by any 
 legally appointed notary public in any of the Confederate 
 States. 
 
 Sec 19. In all the courts of the Confederate States the 
 parties shall have a right to be heard either by themselves 
 or counsel. 
 
 Sec. 20. Where judgments are a mortgage or lien upon 
 the property of a defendant in any of the States, they shall 
 have the same effect or lien when rendered in one of the dis- 
 trict courts of the Confederate States as if rendered in a 
 State court, and be subject to the same rules as to enroll- 
 ment, or recording of judgments or abstracts of judgments. 
 And the lien of executions shall be the same as in the courts 
 of the State where such district court sits. " But in all 
 cases of conflict between levies of process from the State 
 and Federal courts, the first levy shall have priority." 
 
 Sec. 21. The mode of proof by oral testimony and exami- 
 nation of witnesses in open court, in trials at law, shall be 
 the same in the said district courts as in the court of the 
 highest original jurisdiction in the State in which such trial 
 takes place; and the compensation of witnesses shall like- 
 wise be the same. The rules to determine the competency 
 of witnesses shall also be the same. 
 
 Sec. 22. In any suit depending in any of the courts of 
 the Confederate States, if either of the parties should die 
 and the cause of action should survive, such suit may be 
 revived in the same manner as in similar cases in the courts 
 of the highest original jurisdiction in the State in which the 
 cause is pending, and when there are two or more plaintiffs 
 and defendants, and one or more of them should die, the 
 
121 
 
 suits shall not be thereby abated, but such death being sug- 
 gested on the record, the suit may then proceed in the name 
 of the survivor or survivors ; or where the law of any State 
 permits the representative of the deceased to be joined in 
 such suit, the same may be done in the district court ; or if 
 the cause should be pending in the Supreme Court, then it 
 may be revived by scire facias against the executor or ad- 
 ministrator, issued from the office of the clerk of such 
 court, returnable to the next term thereof, and duly served 
 by the marshal twenty days before the sitting of such court. 
 
 Sec. 23. The said district court shall have power in the 
 trial of actions at law T , on motion and clue notice thereof, to 
 require the parties to produce books or writings in their 
 possession or power which contain evidence pertinent to the 
 issue ; and if the plaintiff shall fail to comply with such 
 order, judgment of non-suit may be given against him ; and 
 if the defendant shall so fail, then judgment by default may 
 be rendered against him. 
 
 Sec. 24. The courts of the Confederate States shall have 
 power to inflict punishment for contempts of court, but such 
 power shall not be construed to extend to any cases except 
 misbehavior in the presence of the court, or so near thereto 
 as to obstruct the administration of justice, the misbehavior 
 of any of the officers of said court in their official transac- 
 tions, and the disobedience, resistance or obstruction by any 
 person whatsoever of the process, order, rule, decree or com- 
 mand of said courts ; but such punishment shall not exceed 
 the imposition of a fine of one hundred dollars and impris- 
 onment during the term of the court. 
 
 Sec. 25. Jurors, in all cases, to serve in the courts of the 
 Confederate States, shall have the like qualifications, and be 
 entitled to the like exemptions, as jurors in the highest court 
 of original jurisdiction of the State in which the district 
 court is held, and shall be selected by lot or otherwise, ac- 
 cording to the form and mode of forming such juries in the 
 courts of the State, in so far as such mode may be practica- 
 ble ; and for this purpose, the district courts shall have 
 power to make all rules and regulations necessary to conform 
 to the selection and empanneling of juries to the laws of 
 the State, so as to secure an impartial trial, without need- 
 less expense, and without undue burden to the citizens of 
 any part of the district. And when from any cause there 
 shall not be a jury to determine any criminal or civil case 
 the court may direct a jury to be summoned of the by stand- 
 
122 
 
 ers to complete the pannel. And it shall be the duty of the 
 judge, thirty days before the holding of the first court in his 
 district under this law, to direct the marshal in what man- 
 ner and to what extent to summon jurors for such court. 
 
 The compensation to jurors in both civil and criminal 
 cases shall be the same as is allowed to jurors in courts of 
 the highest original jurisdiction in the State in which such 
 court is held; and if in such State court there be no allow- 
 ance for mileage, the jurors shall be allowed five cents per 
 mile for travelling from their respective places of abode to 
 the place where the court is holden, and the same for 
 returning. 
 
 Sec. 26. In all suits on bonds, agreements, or speciali- 
 ties for penalties, or breach of covenant, the amount recov- 
 ered by the default or confession of the defendant or upon 
 demurrer, shall be the sum actually due ; and when the sum 
 for which judgment is rendered is uncertain, the same shall 
 be assessed by a jury. On all judgments in civil cases for 
 the payment of money, interest shall be allowed at such 
 rate as is allowed upon judgments rendered in the highest 
 court of original jurisdiction in the State in which such 
 district court sits. 
 
 Sec. 27. Every mistake, omission, defect or imperfection 
 in the process, declaration, pleading, or any of the proceed- 
 ings in any cause, or in the judgment, shall be amended 
 from time to time, at the instance of either party, according 
 to the several statutes of amendments or jeofails in the State 
 in which the court sits, so as to secure a trial upon the mer- 
 its, and that justice may be done, subject to any rule for the 
 costs of amendment which the judge may impose. 
 
 Sec 28. Where, in any State, there are two or more di- 
 visions of the district court, all writs of execution upon any 
 judgment rendered in the court of either division may run 
 and be executed in any part of such State, but shall be is- 
 sued and made returnable to the court in which the judg- 
 ment was rendered. 
 
 Sec 29. A writ of error, when authorized by law to 
 operate as a supersedeas and stay of execution, shall only 
 have that effect when a copy thereof and a citation have 
 been served on the adverse party or his counsel of record; 
 but no execution shall issue in less than ten days from the 
 rendition of the judgment or decree, unless upon affidavit 
 made, showing a necessity therefor. 
 
 Sec 30. Should the marshal or clerk fail to pay over to 
 
123 
 
 the party entitled thereto, or to his attorney of record, upon 
 demand made, any money which may have come to his hands 
 by virtue of any order or process of the court, such money, 
 with legal interest and ten per cent, damages, may be re- 
 covered from him and his sureties in his official bond, upon 
 motion and three days' notice in the court of which he is 
 marshal or clerk. 
 
 Sec. 31. There shall be appointed in each of the districts 
 by the President, a meet person, learned in the law, to act 
 as attorney for the Confederate States in such district, who 
 shall be sworn or affirmed to the -faithful performance of his 
 duty in office, and to support the Constitution ; and it shall 
 be his duty to prosecute, in such district, all delinquents for 
 crimes and offences cognizable in such court under the laws 
 of the Confederate States, and to prosecute or defend all civil 
 actions in which the Confederate States shall be concerned, 
 except before the Supreme Court, in the district in which 
 that court shall be holden. And he shall receive as compen- 
 sation for his services a salary of two hundred dollars per 
 annum, payable quarterly, and ten dollars per diem for every 
 day that he is engaged in attending said court, together with 
 such fees as shall hereafter be prescribed by law. And where 
 there are three divisions in the district for which he is ap- 
 pointed, he shall be allowed mileage, at the rate of ten cents 
 per mile, for going to and returning from the court which is 
 most distant from his place of residence, to be computed on 
 the most usual line of travel ; and in case of the absence of 
 such attorney from any term of the court, the presiding 
 judge may appoint a fit person to act for him for the term. 
 
 Sec. 32. Whenever a marshal shall sell any lands or ten- 
 ements by virtue of any process in his hands, and shall die, 
 or in any manner go out of office before making a deed to 
 the same, the court to which the process is returnable may, 
 upon written application and notice thereof to the plaintiff 
 and defendant, or their counsel, and upon a statement and 
 proof of the facts, direct his successor to m/ike the necessa- 
 ry deed therefor upon the payment of any purchase money 
 or costs remaining unpaid. . ' 
 
 Sec 33. In any civil case in any of the courts of the 
 Confederate States, the plaintiff may, upon motion, be re- 
 quired to give security for the costs, upon such terms as the 
 court by its rules may prescribe ; and if he should fail to 
 comply within the time allowed, the suit shall be dismissed 
 at the next term, unless good cause be shown against it. 
 
124 
 
 And the said district courts shall have power, from time to 
 time, to make all needful rules for the conduct and dispatch 
 of business therein, not inconsistent with the Constitution 
 and laws of the Confederate States, or with the provisions of 
 this act. 
 
 Sec. 34. The laws of the several States abolishing; im- 
 prisonment for debt, and providing relief for debtors held in 
 custody, shall take effect in favor of all persons held in 
 custody for debt under the process of the federal courts of 
 the Confederacy. 
 
 Sec. 35. And be it further enacted, That the said district 
 courts shall have exclusive cognizance of all crimes and of- 
 fences cognizable under the authority of the Confederate 
 States, except where the laws of said Confederate States 
 shall otherwise provide. 
 
 Sec. 36. The said courts, in term, shall have power to 
 direct a grand jury to be summoned and empannelled, when- 
 ever in its judgment it may be proper to do so, and at such 
 time as it may direct. After such jury is empannelled the 
 proceedings shall conform, as nearly as may be, to the law 
 and practice of the court of the highest original criminal 
 jurisdiction in the State where such district court is held. 
 But no grand jury shall be summoned unless upon the order 
 of the judge or court, and if made by the judge out of term, 
 shall be in writing under his hand and seal. 
 
 Sec. 37. Until otherwise provided by law of Congress, 
 the laws of the United States in regard to crimes and offen- 
 ces, and to the mode of procedure, practice and trial in all 
 criminal cases shall be in force, and form the rule of prac- 
 tice and decision in the district courts of the Confederate 
 States, and where there is no such law governing the prac- 
 tice, then the rule and course shall conform as nearly as 
 practicable to the practice established by law of the State 
 court of highest original jurisdiction in which the said dis- 
 trict court sits. And this provision shall extend to the rules 
 of evidence and mode of examining witnesses in such cases. 
 
 Sec. 38. Writs of error or appeals to the Supreme Court 
 of the Confederate States shall be allowed the accused in all 
 cases in which the punishment or penalty upon conviction is 
 death or imprisonment in the penitentiary, in the same man- 
 ner and upon the same terms as are allowed in courts of 
 highest original criminal jurisdiction in the State in which 
 such district court is holden ; and the remedy upon any 
 bond given in such case, shall be the same as in the courts 
 
125 
 
 of the State from which such appeal or writ of error is taken. 
 Such writ of error shall operate as a stay to the execution 
 of the sentence or judgment, upon the execution of such 
 bond as may be required by the State law in similar cases; 
 and if such sentence or judgment shall be affirmed, and the 
 time for executing the same shall have passed, the Supreme 
 Court shall give such judgment or pronounce such sentence 
 as the law prescribes, and appoint the time and place for 
 carrying the same into effect by the marshal of the court 
 from which said writ of error emanated. 
 
 Sec. 39. The said district courts shall have original cog- 
 nizance of all civil causes of admiralty and maritime juris- 
 diction, including all seizures under the revenue laws or 
 laws of navigation and trade of the Confederate States, 
 when the seizures or cause of complaint arises on waters 
 which are navigable from the sea by vessels of one hundred 
 or more tons burden, within the respective districts as well 
 as upon the high seas ; saving to suitors in all cases the 
 right of a common law remedy, where the remedy at com- 
 mon law is ample and complete. And said district courts, 
 as courts of admiralty, shall be deemed always open for the 
 purpose of filing libels, petitions, answers and other plead- 
 ings, for issuing and returning mesne and final process and 
 commissions, and for making all interlocutory orders or 
 rules which may be necessary. 
 
 And the laws of the United States and the rules of court 
 in reference to admiralty proceedings in force in the ad- 
 miralty courts of the United States of America, on the 
 twentieth day of December, one thousand eight hundred 
 and sixty, so far as the same may be applicable, and are not 
 inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the Confederate 
 States, are hereby continued in full force and effect in the 
 courts of the Confederate States, until altered or repealed 
 by law. 
 
 Sec 40. Final judgments and decrees in civil actions, 
 and final decrees in equity in a district court, where the 
 matter in dispute exceeds in value the sum of five thousand 
 dollars, exclusive'of costs, may be re-examined, and revers- 
 ed or affirmed upon a writ of error in the Supreme Court, 
 the citation in such case being signed by a judge of the 
 district court or of the Supreme Court, and the adverse 
 party having at least thirty days' notice. Writs of error, 
 shall not be brought but within two years after rendering 
 or passing the judgment or decree complained of, or in case 
 
126 
 
 the person entitled to such writ of [error] be an infant, 
 femme covert, non compos mentis or imprisoned, then with- 
 in two years, as aforesaid, exclusive of the time of such 
 disability. And every judge signing a citation or any writ 
 of error, as aforesaid, shall take bond, and good and suffi- 
 cient sureties, that the plaintiff shall prosecute his writ with 
 effect, and answer all costs if he fail to make good his plea; 
 and no writ of error shall operate as a supersedeas and stay 
 of execution, unless such bond be with sureties and of suffi- 
 cient amount to secure the whole judgment, if it be affirmed, 
 in addition to the costs. 
 
 And the said court or the judges thereof, shall have power 
 to appoint a clerk, who shall take the oath prescribed, for 
 the clerks of the district courts, and give bond for the faith- 
 ful discharge of his duty, in such amount as said court may 
 direct, whose fees shall be the same as those now allowed to 
 the clerks of the Supreme Courts of the United States. 
 
 Sec. 41. Where, upon such writ of error, the Supreme 
 Court shall affirm a judgment or decree, they may adjudge 
 or decree to the defendant in error just damages for his de- 
 lay not exceeding ten per cent, per annum, but such damages 
 shall only be given when it is manifest to the court that the 
 appeal or writ of error was taken for delay, and all costs. 
 The Supreme Courts shall not issue executions in causes 
 that are removed before them by writs of error, but shall 
 send a special mandate to the district court to award execu- 
 tion thereupon, including lawful costs accruing upon such 
 appeal. 
 
 Sec. 42. From all final judgments or decrees which may 
 be rendered in any district court in any cases of equity, of 
 admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, and of prize or no 
 prize, an appeal, where the matter in dispute, exclusive of 
 costs, exceeds the sum or vahie of five thousand dollars in 
 equity, or of five hundred dollars in courts of admiralty 
 and maritime jurisdiction, shall be allowed to the Supreme 
 Court, and upon such appeal, a transcript of the libel, bill, 
 answer, depositions and all other proceedings of what kind 
 soever in the cause, shall be transmitted, to the said Su- 
 preme Court; and no new evidence shall be received in the 
 said court on the hearing of such appeal ; and such appeals 
 shall be subject to the same rules, regulations, and restric- 
 tions as are prescribed in law in case of writs of error ; and 
 the said Supreme Court shall be and hereby is authorized 
 and required to receive, hear and determine such appeal : 
 
127 
 
 Provided always, That appeals or writs of error in any case 
 to the Supreme Court of this Confederacy from existing 
 judgments or decrees, maybe taken under the same rules and 
 regulations required by the laws of the United States for ap- 
 peals or writs of error to the Supreme Court of the United 
 States existing at the time the said judgment or decrees were 
 rendered. 
 
 Sec. 43. The Supreme Court shall have power from 
 time to time to make all such rules and regulations as it 
 may deem needful for the orderly and correct dispatch of 
 cases not inconsistent with the rules of law, and this power 
 shall extend both to original and appellate causes therein. 
 In all cases in the Supreme Court where there is an equal 
 division of opinion among the judges thereof, and the court 
 is not full, there shall be awarded a re-argument before a 
 full court. If there be such division when the court is 
 full, then the judgment of the court below shall be affirmed. 
 
 Sec. 44. The Supreme Court shall have original jurisdic- 
 tion of all controversies of a civil nature where a State is 
 a party, except between a State and its citizens, or 
 citizens of any other State or nation. It shall also have ex- 
 clusively all such jurisdiction of suits or proceedings 
 against ambassadors or other public ministers, or their ser- 
 vants, as a court of law can have or exercise consistently 
 with the law of nations, and original, but not exclusive 
 jurisdiction, of all suits brought by ambassadors or other 
 public ministers, or in which a consul or vice-consul shall 
 be a party. And the trial of issues in fact in the Supreme 
 Court, in all actions at law against citizens of the Confede- 
 rate States shall be by jury, and it shall have power to issue 
 writs of prohibition to the district courts, when proceeding 
 as courts of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, and writs 
 of mandamus, in cases warranted by the principles and 
 usages of law, to any courts appointed under the authority 
 of the Confederate States. 
 
 Sec 45. Be it further enacted, That a final judgment or 
 decree in any suit, in the highest court of law or equity of 
 a State in which a decision in the suit could be had, where 
 is drawn in question the validity of a treaty or statute of, 
 or an authority exercised under the Confederate States : 
 
 Or where is drawn in question the validity of a statute 
 of, or an authority exercised under any State, on the ground 
 of their being repugnant to the Constitution, treaty or laws 
 of the Confederate States : 
 
128 
 
 Or where is drawn in question the construction of any 
 clause of the Constitution, or of a treaty, or statute or 
 commission held under the Confederate States : 
 
 In each of these causes the decision may be re-examined, 
 and reversed or affirmed in the Supreme Court of the Con- 
 federate States, upon a writ of error, the citation being 
 signed by any judge of the said Supreme Court, in the same 
 manner and under the same regulations, and with the like effect 
 as if the judgment or decree complained of had been ren- 
 dered or passed in a district court of the Confederate States ; 
 and the proceeding upon reversal shall be the same, except 
 that the Supreme Court, instead of remanding the cause for 
 a final decision, may at their discretion, if the cause shall 
 have once been remanded before, proceed to a final decision 
 of the same and award execution. But no other error 
 shall be assigned or regarded as a ground of reversal in any 
 such case as aforesaid than such as appears in the face of 
 the record, and immediately respects the beforementioned 
 questions of validity or construction of the said Constitu- 
 tion, treaties, statute, commissions or authorities in dispute. 
 
 Sec. 46. All judgments, orders and decrees made by any 
 State court since the date of the secession of such State, 
 upon any subject or matter which before such secession was 
 within the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States, 
 shall have the force and effect of judgments, orders and de- 
 crees of the courts herein established, with the privilege of 
 either party to appeal or sue out a writ of error. 
 
 Sec. 47. And be it further enacted, That all the records, 
 papers, dockets, depositions and judicial proceedings of every 
 kind appertaining to any suit now pending in the circuit or 
 district courts of the United States, within any of the 
 States of the Confederacy, shall be transferred to the Dis- 
 trict Court of the Confederate States of America in the same 
 State and district in which the same was pending ; and the 
 late clerk of said of said court or distrct courts, or other 
 persons in whose custody said records, papers, dockets, de- 
 positions and judicial proceedings may be, shall deliver the 
 same to the clerk of the district court to which they may be 
 transferred under the provisions of this act, and the same shall 
 stand in the same plight and condition in which they were in 
 said circuit and district courts respectively, and all previous 
 orders therein made shall have the same effect. And the court 
 to which said causes are hereby transferred shall proceed to 
 hear and determine the same according to law, and all 
 
129 
 
 dockets, books, records, documents and papers of every kind 
 pertaining to judicial proceedings in any of said courts, and 
 to suits heretofore decided therein, and all patents, deeds, 
 records, books and papers pertaining to any land office 
 which may by law have been deposited with the clerk of any 
 of said courts or transferred to his office for safe keeping, 
 shall be delivered to the clerk of the district court for the 
 district in which such court is situated, and the same shall 
 be safely kept and preserved by said clerk until otherwise 
 provided by law. And copies of any such records or other 
 papers made out by said clerk of the district court and au- 
 thenticated according to law, shall have- the force and effect 
 given to copies of other instruments of like character in such 
 State, and be admissable in evidence in all cases in which 
 copies are admitted as evidence in the courts of the Confed- 
 erate States : Provided, That all suits which shall have been 
 pending in any of said courts for the space of five years 
 without prosecution shall be considered as abandoned, unless 
 prosecuted within six months from the time of such trans- 
 fer. 
 
 And the judgments in all civil cases heretofore rendered 
 in said circuit and district courts of the United States re- 
 maining unsatisfied, shall have the same force and effect 
 which they had before the secession of the state in which 
 said court is situated, and the same proceedings may be had 
 thereon in the district court of the Confederate States, by 
 execution or otherwise, which might have been taken in the 
 court in which they were rendered at the time of their ren- 
 dition. And where, under any such judgment of the circuit 
 courts of the United States, any execution may have been 
 in part executed by levy on property or otherwise, it shall 
 be the duty of the marshal or officer in whose hands such 
 execution and property may be, to turn over the same to the 
 marshal of the Confederate States for the district in which 
 such judgment was rendered, and to take his receipt there- 
 for ; and thereupon the said marshal shall proceed to dispose 
 of the same according to the laws in force at the time such 
 judgment was rendered, and pay over the proceeds to the 
 party entitled. And new process shall be issued in such 
 district courts when requisite ; but all suits pending in said 
 courts in which the United States are plaintiffs shall remain 
 suspended, and no further proceedings shall be had therein 
 until the independence of this Confederacy shall be recognized 
 by the United States ; and execution of all judgments ren- 
 9 
 
130 
 
 dered in favor of said United States is hereby suspended, 
 and all seizures on executions heretofore made in behalf of 
 the said United States are hereby declared to be inoperative 
 and void, and shall not be renewed until recognition be 
 made of the independence of this Confederacy as aforesaid. 
 But this section shall be subject to such disposition of the 
 causes therein provided for as has been made by the several 
 states before the adoption of the Provisional Constitution, 
 unless said states shall conform their legislation to the pro- 
 visions in this act contained. 
 
 Sec. 48. Where cases are now pending in the Supreme 
 Court of the United States upon appeal or writ of error, 
 from any court of the states now forming the Confederate 
 States, it shall be lawful for the appellant or plaintiff in 
 error, at any time within twelve months from the date, to 
 dismiss such appeal or writ of error, and file a transcript of 
 the record and a copy of the bond for the appeal or writ of 
 error in the Supreme Court of the Confederate States, and 
 thereupon the same shall be considered in all respects as if 
 it had been originally filed in the said Supreme Court of the 
 Confederate States, and shall be heard and determined in 
 said court according to the laws in force at the time said 
 cause was determined in the court below, and the rights of 
 ■the respective parties shall be the same as when said cause 
 was taken up to the Supreme Court of the United States. 
 And if such cause shall not be transferred in twelve months 
 as aforesaid, then the judgment of the court from which the 
 appeal or writ of error was taken shall be deemed final and 
 in all things affirmed. And in case of such transfer, the 
 bond given for the appeal or writ of error shall be and 
 remain in full force in the court of the Confederate States ; 
 and in cases where the transcripts of the records have al- 
 ready been printed in the Supreme Court of the United 
 States under the rules thereof, such printed copy duly certi- 
 fied by the clerk of that court may be filed in the Supreme 
 ■Court of these Confederate States, and it shall not be neces- 
 sary to have a new transcript made by the clerk of the court 
 from which the appeal or writ of error was prosecuted. 
 
 Sec. 49. And where there shall heretofore have been any 
 judgment or decree in the Supreme Court of the United 
 States in a case from any of the district or circuit courts of 
 the United States for any one of the states now forming a 
 part of the Confederate States, and which remains in force 
 and unexecuted, it shall be and it is hereby made the duty 
 
131 
 
 of the district court of such Confederate State and its 
 officers to carry into effect and to execute such judgment or 
 decree according to the mandate of the Supreme Court of 
 the United States, as if there had been no dissolution of the 
 Union : Provided, That such judgment or decree Was ren- 
 dered before the secession of the state from which such cause 
 went to the Supreme Court. 
 
 When any cause is transferred under the provisions of this 
 law, notice of such transfer shall be given to the adverse 
 party or his counsel thirty days before the term of the court 
 at which such cause is to be tried. 
 
 Sec. 50. In all cases where persons are under judgment 
 or sentence, or are imprisoned upon conviction of any crime 
 or offence, before any court of the United States, in any of 
 the states now forming a part of the Confederate States of 
 America, such judgment or sentence shall continue in full 
 force and effect until the same has been executed and car- 
 ried out, and the said district courts of the Confederate 
 States are hereby clothed with all necessary powers to have 
 such judgment or sentence executed. 
 
 And no person now under arrest or in custody upon any 
 criminal charge or offence, on process issued from the courts 
 of the United States, shall be released by reason of the dis- 
 solution of the Union, but he shall continue under arrest or 
 in custody until discharged by due course of law. And any 
 bail bond given by any party to answer any charge under 
 process from any of said courts shall be obligatory upon 
 such party and his sureties, and bind him to appear at the 
 first term of the district court of the Confederate States to 
 be held for the district in which he was arrested. 
 
 And all indictments heretofore found in any of the said 
 courts and not yet disposed of shall continue in full force 
 and virtue until heard and determined in the district court 
 of the Confederate States for the district in which the same 
 was found. And all warrants or other process issuing on 
 any criminal charge from any of said courts shall continue 
 in force and be made returnable to the court of the district 
 in the Confederate States in which the offence therein 
 charged is alleged to have been committed. And to these 
 ends full authority is hereby granted to said district courts. 
 Sec. 51. Where,, by the laws of any state, its penitentia- 
 ry or jails may be used by the courts or marshals of the 
 Confederate States, the same shall be so used whenever 
 necessary ; but if in any state there be no law authorizing 
 
132 
 
 their use, then it shall be the duty of the marshal to provide 
 a suitable place or places for the custody and confinement of 
 all prisoners or convicts who may be committed to his cus- 
 tody by competent legal authority. 
 
 Sec. 52. Where any forfeiture or penalty is by law pre- 
 scribed against misfeasance or malfeasance in office by any 
 of the officers of the Confederate States residing at the seat 
 of government, or where crimes or offences are committed 
 by any of said officers in their respective offices, which are 
 or may be punishable by indictment, or where suits may 
 become necessary upon the official bonds of any such officers, 
 made payable to the Confederate States of America, the 
 jurisdiction in all such cases shall pertain to and be exerci- 
 sed by the district court of the Confederate States which 
 shall be held at the seat of government. 
 
 Sec. 53. From all judgments or decrees which shall be 
 rendered in causes pending in the courts of the United 
 States at the time of the secession of the states in. which 
 the same were, and which causes shall be transferred to and 
 decided by the courts of this Confederacy, writs of error or 
 appeal may lie to the Supreme Court of this Confederacy, 
 when the sum or matter in controversy exceeds the sum of 
 -two thousand dollars. 
 
 Sec 54. This act shall be in force and have effect from 
 •and after the passage thereof, and all laws and parts of laws 
 coming within the purview of this act shall be and the same 
 are hereby repealed. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 84.] AN ACT 
 
 -Making appropriations for the Custom Houses at New Or- 
 leans and Charleston, and for other purposes. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That the following Sums be and they are hereby appropria- 
 ated for the objects hereafter expressed, for the year ending 
 February the fourth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two : 
 
 Custom House, Charleston, South Carolina. — For preserving 
 unfinished work upon the Charleston custom house, the sum 
 of five thousand dollars. 
 
 Custom House, New Orleans. — For roof, and preserving un- 
 
133 
 
 finished work upon the custom house at New Orleans, the 
 sum of ten thousand dollars. For fitting up suitable rooms 
 for the accommodation of the courts, and clerk's office at 
 New Orleans, the sum of ten thousand dollars. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 85.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 In relation to the Contingent Fund of Congress. 
 
 1st. Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of 
 America, That the disbursement of the contingent fund of 
 Congress be placed under the direction and control of the 
 Secretary, subject to the approval of the committee on ac- 
 counts. 
 
 Resolved further, That estimates shall regularly be submit- 
 ted by the Secretary, and no disbursement of the contingent 
 fund shall hereafter be audited by the committee on accounts, 
 except in accordance with such estimates. 
 
 Resolved further, That the Secretary at the next meeting 
 of this Congress, shall submit a detailed and particular state- 
 ment of the payments made and authorized by him from the 
 contingent fund of Congress. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 86.] AN ACT 
 
 To establish the Bureau of Indian Affairs. 
 
 Section 1. Tlie Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ca do enact, That an additional bureau in the War Depart- 
 ment be and the same is hereby established, to be known as 
 the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and charged with the manage- 
 ment of our relations with the Indian tribes. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That the President, by and 
 with the advice and consent of the Congress, may appoint a 
 Commissioner of Indian Affairs and one clerk, to take charge 
 of the business of the bureau hereby established, the salary 
 
134 
 
 of the Commissioner to be twenty-five hundred dollars per 
 annum, and the salary of the clerk fifteen hundred dollars 
 per annum. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 87.] AN ACT 
 
 To exempt from Duty certain articles of Merchandise therein 
 
 named. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby 
 authorized and empowered to remit the duty in all cases 
 where commodities were bona fide purchased or contracted for 
 on or before the 18th day of February last, within the late 
 United States, where the importer has not been able to com- 
 ply with the provisions of the act to define more accurately 
 the exemption of certain goods from duty, which required 
 that the goods, wares and merchandise should have been ac- 
 tually laden on board of the exporting vessel or conveyance 
 destined for any port in this Confederacy on or before the 
 fifteenth day of March in the present year; Provided, Such 
 testimony is furnished the Secretary of the Treasury by the 
 importer that it was impossible to comply with the provisions 
 of said act, and also that the demand and collection of said 
 duty has operated injuriously to him or them beyond the 
 commercial effect upon articles of consumption by the impo- 
 sition of duties. 
 
 Sec 2. And be it further enacted, That all books, pamphlets 
 and tracts and other publications printed and published by 
 any church or benevolent society, whose organization ex- 
 tends to and embraces citizens of the Confederate States, 
 shall be free and exempt from duty. 
 
 Sec 3. And be it further enacted, That all facts herein re- 
 quired to exist in order to entitle a party to the benefits of 
 this act, shall be established to the satisfaction of the Secre- 
 tary of the Treasury, in a manner to be prescribed by him. 
 
 xWroved March 15, 1861. 
 
135 
 
 No. 88.] AN ACT 
 
 To fix the Duties on Articles therein named. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That an ad valorem duty of fifteen per cent, 
 shall be imposed on the following named articles imported 
 from abroad into the Confederate States of America in lieu of 
 the duties now imposed by law, to wit : Coal, cheese, iron in 
 blooms, pigs, bars, bolts, and slabs, on all iron in a less manu- 
 factured state ; also on railroad rails, spikes, fishing plates, 
 and chains used in the construction of railroads, paper of all 
 sorts and all manufactures of; wood, unmanufactured of all 
 sorts. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 89.] AN ACT 
 
 Making appropriations for the support of the Navy for the 
 year ending 4th February, eighteen hundred and sixty-two. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States do enact, That the fol- 
 lowing sums be and the same are hereby appropriated for the 
 objects hereinafter expressed, for the year ending the fourth 
 day of February, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, 
 namely : 
 
 1st. For the pay of officers of the navy on duty and off 
 duty, based upon the presumption that all the grades author- 
 ized by the act of 1861 will be filled, one hundred and thir- 
 ty-one thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 2d. For the pay of officers, non-commissioned officers, mu- 
 sicians and privates of the marine corps, one hundred and 
 seventy-five thousand five hundred and twelve dollars. 
 
 3d. For provisions and clothing and contingencies in pay- 
 master's department, one hundred and thirty-three thousand 
 eight hundred and sixty dollars. 
 
 4th. For the pay of warrant and petty officers, and of five 
 hundred seamen, ordinary seamen, landsmen and boys, and 
 engineer's department, one hundred and sixty-eight thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 5th. For expenditures which will be required for coal for 
 
136 
 
 the use of steamers, two hundred and thirty-five thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 6th. For the probable cost of ten steam-gun boats for 
 coast defences of the Confederate States, to be built or pur- 
 chased as may be most convenient, one million one hundred 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 7th. For the probable cost of completing and equipping 
 the steam sloop Fulton, now at the Pensacola navy yard, 
 twenty-five thousand dollars. 
 
 8th. For the pay of officers and others at the navy yard, 
 Pensacola, fifty-four thousand three hundred and sixty-three 
 dollars. 
 
 9th. For compensation of four clerks on duty at the Navy 
 Department as per act of 11th March, at fifteen hundred 
 dollars each, six thousand dollars. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 90.] AN ACT 
 
 Supplementary to an Act entitled an Act to organize the 
 
 Navy. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That in case officers who were formerly attached to 
 the navy of the United States, but had resigned in conse- 
 quence of the secession of any one, or of all of the Confed- 
 erate States, should receive appointments in the navy of the 
 Confederate States, the President is authorized to affix to 
 their commissions such dates as may be necessary to secure 
 to them the same relative position that they held in the for- 
 mer service. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 91.] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the transit of Merchandize through the Con- 
 federate States. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ame- 
 
137 
 
 rlca do enact, That goods, wares and merchandize imported 
 from any foreign country into the Confederate States, des- 
 tined for any foreign country, may be entered and have 
 transit through the Confederate States free of duty, subject 
 to such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury from 
 time to time shall make ; and the said Secretary of 
 Treasury shall have the power to make such regulations as 
 he may deem expedient for the safety of the revenue and for 
 the public convenience, which regulations may be enforced 
 in the manner prescribed by law as to other regulations in 
 relation to the revenue. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 92.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To pay certain Naval Officers their Travelling Expenses. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Ame- 
 rica do resolve, That the Secretary of the Navy be and he is 
 hereby authorized to pay to Samuel Rousseau, Joseph Tat- 
 nall, Victor M. Randolph, J. D. Ingraham and Raphael 
 Semmes, late officers of the navy of the United States, who 
 were summoned to this city by the committee on naval affairs, 
 in pursuance of authority conferred on said committee by a re- 
 solution of this body adopted on the fourteenth day of Februa- 
 ry, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, their travel- 
 ling expenses at the rates prescribed by law. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 93.] AN ACT 
 
 To repeal the Third Section of an Act to exempt from Duty 
 certain commodities therein named, and for other pur- 
 poses. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That the third section of an act passed February eighteenth, 
 eighteen hundred and sixty-one, entitled an act to exempt 
 from duty certain commodities therein named and for other 
 
138 
 
 purposes, be and the same is hereby repealed ; and that the 
 tariff laws shall apply to the State of Texas from the date 
 of her admission into this Confederacy in the same manner 
 as the same apply to the other States. 
 
 Approved March 15, 1861. 
 
 No. 94.] AN ACT 
 
 Supplemental to an Act to define and fix the pay of the Offi- 
 cers of the Congress. . 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the amount of salary established by the 
 said act for each officer during the continuance of the Pro- 
 visional Government shall be deemed a salary for a year, 
 and that each officer may receive a rateable proportion 
 thereof at any time during the year upon the warrant of 
 the President of the Congress. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 95.] A RESOLUTION 
 
 To provide for the Auditing and Paying of certain Claims 
 against the Congress. 
 
 Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of America, 
 That Hon. William P. Chilton, the resident member of the 
 committee on accounts, be authorized to audit and allow ac- 
 counts against the Congress which have not been audited 
 and allowed — the Secretary of the Congress to act with said 
 member of said committee ; and claims audited and allowed 
 by them to be paid on the order of said Chilton, for said 
 committee, countersigned by said Secretary ; and this 
 resolution to operate only during the recess of Congress. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
139 
 
 No. 96.] AN ACT 
 
 To appropriate Money for certain civil purposes. 
 
 Section 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That the following sum be and the same is hereby 
 appropriated for the object hereafter expressed, for the year 
 ending the fourth of February, eighteen hundred and sixty- 
 two : For salary of Auditor of the Treasury for auditing 
 account3 of the war office in the expenditure for the army, 
 the sum of three thousand dollars. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 97.] AN ACT 
 
 Making additional appropriations for the support of the 
 Army, for the year ending the first of March, eighteen 
 . hundred and sixty-two. 
 
 The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That the following sum be and the same is hereby appro- 
 priated out of any money in the treasury not otherwise ap- 
 propriated, namely: For the purchase of ordnance and 
 ordnance stores, one hundred and ten thousand dollars. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 98.] AN ACT 
 
 Making appropriations for the service of the Post-Office 
 Department, for the fiscal year ending the first of March, 
 eighteen hundred and sixty-two. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the following sums be appropriated for the 
 Post-Office Department for the year ending the first of 
 March, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, out of 
 any moneys in the treasury arising from the revenues of 
 the service of said department, namely : For transportation 
 
" 140 
 
 of the mails inland, one million one hundred and two thou- 
 sand two hundred and eighteen dollars forty-nine cents ; 
 for compensation of postmasters, three hundred thousand 
 dollars ; for clerk of post-offices, one hundred thousand dol- 
 lars ; for ship, steamboat and way letters, five thousand dol- 
 lars ; for office furniture for post-offices, two thousand dol- 
 lars ; for advertising, fifteen thousand dollars ; for mail bags, 
 ten thousand dollars ; for paper blanks, ten thousand dollars ; 
 for printing blanks, three thousand dollars ; for wrapping 
 paper, eight thousand dollars; for mail locks, keys and 
 stamps, ten thousand dollars ; for mail depredations and spe- 
 cial agents, twenty thousand dollars ; for miscellaneous pay- 
 ments, forty thousand dollars; for postage stamps and 
 stamped envelopes, twenty-five thousand dollars; for pay- 
 ment on account of foreign mail service, seventy-five thou- 
 sand dollars ; for payment of letter carriers, two thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. That the sum of three hundred and twenty thou- 
 sand and sixty dollars thirty-six cents be and the same is 
 hereby appropriated, to be paid out of any moneys in the 
 treasury not otherwise appropriated, to supply deficiencies 
 in the revenue of the Post-Office Department for the year 
 ending the first of March, one thousand eight hundred and 
 sixty-two. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 99.] AN ACT 
 
 To authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to appoint Spe- 
 cial Agents in certain cases. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States do enact, 
 That the Secretary of the Treasury shall be and he is hereby 
 authorized to appoint special agents for the purpose of or- 
 ganizing the custom-houses at ports of entry and delivery on 
 the frontiers between the Confederate States and other gov- 
 ernments, and to cause examinations to be made of the 
 books, accounts, money on hand and general management of 
 all the offices of the several collectors of the customs, sub- 
 treasurers, public depositaries, mints, and all other officers 
 and agents who may be under the control of the Treasury 
 Department, as occasion may require, with such compens'a- 
 
141 
 
 tion, not exceeding six dollars per day and travelling ex- 
 penses, as he may think reasonable, to be fixed at the time 
 of each appointment. The agent selected to make these ex- 
 aminations shall be instructed, in all offices having charge 
 of public funds, to examine as well the books, accounts and 
 returns of the officer, as the money on hand and the manner 
 of its being kept, to the end that uniformity and accuracy in 
 the accounts, as well as safety to the public moneys may be 
 secured thereby. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That this act shall expire in 
 two years from the date of its passage. 
 
 Approved, March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 100.] AN ACT 
 
 Making appropriation for the service of the Bureau of In- 
 dian Affairs. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of Amer- 
 ica do enact, That the following sum be and the same is hereby 
 appropriated, out of any money in the treasury not other- 
 wise appropriated, for the service of the Bureau of Indian 
 Affairs, for the year ending first of March, eighteen hun- 
 dred and sixty-two, namely : For the salary of the commis- 
 sioner and chief clerk of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and 
 incidental expenses of the bureau, five thousand dollars. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
 No. 101.] AN ACT 
 
 To amend an Act entitled an Act authorizing the President 
 alone to make certain appointments. 
 
 Section 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of America 
 do enact, That the act described in the caption hereof shall 
 be held and construed to authorize the President to appoint, 
 during the recess of Congress, all officers, civil, military and 
 naval, established by law : Provided, Such appointments shall 
 be submitted to vhe Congress when it re-assembles, for its 
 advice and consent. 
 
 Approved March 16, 1861. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, >• 
 Department of State. ) 
 I certify that the foregoing Laws and Resolutions have 
 been carefully compared with the original copies on file in 
 the office of the Secretary of State. 
 
 WM. F. ALEXANDER, 
 
 Chief Clerk. 
 Montgomery, 18th April, 1861. 
 
i isr d e x: 
 
 ABATEMENT— 
 
 Of suits, 120-121 
 
 ADJUTANT and INSPECTOR GENERAL— 
 
 Department organized, - . - - 61-62 
 
 " act amendatory, - 96-97 
 
 " contingencies for, 92 
 
 Brigadier-General may be assigned to duty of, - 96 
 
 Officers of department may be assigned to command 
 
 by President, ----- 62 
 
 ADMIRALTY— 
 
 At Key West, 93-95 
 
 Jurisdiction of district court, - 125 
 
 Laws of U. S. and rules of court, - 125 
 
 ALABAMA— 
 
 Resolution accepting loan, 35 
 
 AMENDMENTS, - - - . - - 122 
 
 APPEALS— 
 
 When court is divided, - 127 
 
 From district courts in criminal cases, - - 124-125 
 
 « " « in civil cases, - 125-126 
 
 " " " in admiralty and equity, - 126-127 
 
 Key West, - - - - - 93 
 
 From State courts, ----- 127-128 
 Pending in U. S. at date of secession, - - 13C 
 
 In cases transferred and decided by the courts of 
 
 the Confederacy, - - - - 132 
 
 Bonds for costs, ----- 126 
 
 Damages and costs, ----- 126 
 
 Existing judgments and decrees, - 127 
 
 APPOINTMENTS— 
 
 Commissioners to U. S., - - - 40 
 
 See several heads. 
 
144 
 
 APPROPRIATIONS— 
 
 Provisional forces, - - - - - 90-96 
 
 Regular army, - - - • - 91-93 
 
 Ordnance and ordnance stores, - 139 
 
 Legislative, executive and judicial, - 107-109 
 ''Post-Office Department, - - - 108-139-140 
 
 Purchase, alteration, &c, of arms, 92 
 
 Bureau of Indian Affairs, - 141 
 
 Miscellaneous, _____ \o<j 
 
 Executive mansion, _____ 109 
 
 Custom-Houses, _____ 132 
 
 Courts and clerk's office, New Orleans, - - 133 
 
 Navy, - - - - - - . - 135-136 
 
 For salary of Auditor of Treasury auditing ac- 
 counts of War Office, _ _ _ - 139 
 
 ARMS— 
 
 Purchase, manufacture and alteration, 42 
 
 Purchase, appropriation for, 92 
 
 " and preparation of ordnance for navy, - 104 
 
 ARMY— 
 
 General staff, _____ 61-62 
 " amendatory act, - 96-97 
 Provisional forces, ----- 06 
 " " appropriations for, - 90-93-96 
 " " « ■ " at Charles- 
 ton, - - - - 90 
 Volunteers and militia, - 68-70 
 Regular organization, 73 et. seq. 
 " " appropriation for, - - 91-93 
 " " oath required, 97 
 
 ARREST— 
 
 Persons under, not discharged by secession, - 131 
 
 ARTICLES OF WAR, ----- 73-79 
 
 ARSENALS, - - - - - - 37-106 
 
 ASSIGNEES— 
 
 Suits by, 117 
 ASSISTANTS— 
 
 Assistant Attorney-General, 80 
 
 " Postmaster-General, 80 
 
 Assistant Secretary of State, - - - 63, 81 
 
 " « Treasury, - - 45, 81 
 
 « « Treasurers, - - 38 
 
 " " Congress, - - - 110 
 
 Treasurer, (Mint, N. O.) - - - - 88 
 
 ATTORNEYS— 
 
 General, 43, 49, 67 
 
 Assistant, _____ - 80 
 
 District, appointment, _ _ _ - 123 
 
 Oath, duty, salary and mileage, - 123 
 
 Key West, - 93, (repealed,) 110-111 
 
145 
 
 ATTORNEYS— Continued. 
 
 
 
 
 Additional compensation, 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 114 
 
 AUDITOR— 
 
 
 
 
 First, office created, - 
 
 " salary, - 
 
 " duties, powers and incapacities, 
 Second, duties and salary, 
 Misdemeanors and penalties, 
 
 - 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 - 46-47 
 
 111-112,139 
 
 47 
 
 AUTOGRAPHS, - 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 37 
 
 BAIL— 
 
 
 
 
 Bond not discharged by secession, - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 131 
 
 BARKER, WILLIAM P.- 
 
 _ 
 
 _ 
 
 54 
 
 BILLS— 
 
 
 
 
 Of Congress, - 
 And notes, - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 43 
 118 
 
 BOATS— 
 
 
 
 
 Mississippi, - 
 
 Purchase, arming and equipping, 
 
 Gun, - 
 
 - 
 
 - 
 
 58-60 
 
 70 
 
 110 
 
 BONDS— 
 
 
 
 
 Of custom officers prior to 1st April, 1861, and 
 where filed, - 
 
 Of Confederate States, - 
 
 Of assistant treasurer and treasurer mint, N. 0., - 
 
 Marshals, 
 
 Clerks, - • - 
 
 Suit upon official, of officer residing at seat of gov- 
 ernment, ---___ 
 
 Bail not discharged by secession, - 
 
 38 
 
 64-65 
 
 88 
 
 115-116 
 
 115 
 
 132 
 131 
 
 BULLION FUNDS— 
 
 
 
 
 Transferred by Louisiana. 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 98 
 
 BUOYS, 
 
 - 
 
 
 72 
 
 BUREAUS— 
 
 
 
 
 Light House, - 
 Printing, - 
 Indian Affairs, - 
 
 - 
 
 " 
 
 71-72 
 
 54-57 
 
 133, 140 
 
 CAVEATS— 
 
 
 
 
 Generally, - 
 As to Walden, J. M. 
 « Barker, W. P. 
 
 — 
 
 ~ 
 
 67 
 41 
 54 
 
 CLERKS— 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 Supreme Court, appointment, oath, bond and fees, 
 
 Court of Admiralty, Key West, - 
 
 Justice Department, - 
 
 Post-Office, ------ 
 
 State Department, - 
 
 Navy « 8] 
 
 Treasury, ------ 
 
 10 
 
 126 
 93 
 80 
 
 80,88 
 
 79 
 
 t, 82, 104 
 
 79 
 
146 
 
 CLERKS— Continued. 
 
 Indian Bureau, - - - - 133,141 
 
 War Department, ----- 80 
 
 Congress, ____-. no 
 
 Of District Courts, -. - - - - 115 
 " appointment, qualification, bond and 
 
 oath, " - - - - - 115 
 
 Signing process, ----- H7 
 
 Fees „ - - - - - 118 
 Failing to pay over money, - - - - 122-123 
 
 CLOTHING— 
 
 For soldiers, ------ 77 
 
 COIN— 
 
 Dies, 82 
 
 Offences; - - - - - - 105 
 
 COLLECTORS— 
 
 Continued in office till 1st April, 1862, 38 
 Enforce revenue laws except Texas, - - 40 
 Entitled to one-half recovered for violation of reve- 
 nue law Mississippi river, 58 
 Light money, _____ m 
 Mississippi river, ----- 59 
 Certain ports appointed by Secretary of Treasury, 63 
 
 COMMERCIAL AGENTS, 109 
 
 COMMISSARY GENERAL, - - - - 62 
 
 Amendatory act, ----- 97 
 
 Officers of department assigned to command, - 62 
 
 COMMISSIONERS— 
 
 To United States, - - - - 40 
 
 To Europe may be instructed as to copy-rights, - 81 
 
 From North Carolina, _• _ _ _ 36 
 
 COMPTROLLER OF THE TREASURY— 
 
 Office created, ----- 45 
 
 Salary, duties and disabilities, - _ _ 36-37 
 
 Misdemeanors and penalties, 37 
 CONGRESS— 
 
 Preservation of bills and resolutions, - - 43 
 
 « « records, 36 
 
 Printers to, - - .- - - - 35 
 
 Commissioners to, from North Carolina, - - 36 
 
 Autographs of members, 37 
 
 Pay of members, ----- 89 
 
 " secretary and other employees, - - 110 
 
 Contingent fund, _ _ - - _ 133 
 
 CONSTITUTION— 
 
 Of the provisional government, - 3 
 
 " permanent " 15 
 
 Provisional, with autographs, - - 37 
 
147 
 
 CONSULS— 
 
 
 
 Number and appointment and fees, 
 
 - 
 
 109 
 
 CONTEMPTS OF COURT, 
 
 - 
 
 121 
 
 COPYRIGHTS— 
 
 
 
 International, - 
 
 -- 
 
 81 
 
 COSTS— 
 
 
 
 On appeal, 
 
 - 
 
 126 
 
 Security for, - 
 
 - 
 
 123 
 
 COTTON— 
 
 
 
 Export duty on, - 
 
 - 
 
 65 
 
 COUNTERFEITING— 
 
 
 
 Postage stamps, - 
 
 - 
 
 51-52 
 
 Treasury notes, - 
 
 - 
 
 83-87 
 
 Coin, ------ 
 
 - 
 
 105-106 
 
 COUPONS, 
 
 - 
 
 64-65 
 
 COURTS— 
 
 
 
 Judicial, - 
 
 115 et. seq. 
 
 Admiralty and maritime, at Key West, 
 
 - 
 
 93-94 
 
 Martial and inquiry in navy, 
 
 - 
 
 104 
 
 " " army, 
 
 - 
 
 78-79 
 
 Writs tested, supreme court, 
 
 - 
 
 116-117 
 
 Contempts, - 
 
 - 
 
 121 
 
 See District, Supreme. 
 
 
 
 CURRENCY, 
 
 - 
 
 105-106 
 
 CUSTOMS— 
 
 
 
 Officers continued till 1st April, 1861, 
 
 - 
 
 38 
 
 " duties, bonds, oaths, salaries and fees 
 
 
 38-39 
 
 Enforced, except against Texas, 
 
 - 
 
 4C 
 
 Secretary of Treasury to report plan of re< 
 
 lucing 
 
 
 expense of collecting, - 
 
 - 
 
 39 
 
 Articles exempt, - 
 
 . 
 
 39-61 
 
 On Mississippi river, 
 
 - 
 
 58-60 
 
 Liquors and sugar, - 
 
 - 
 
 70-71 
 
 Ports of entry established and abolished by 
 
 Secre- 
 
 
 tary of Treasury, - - - - 
 
 - 
 
 63 
 
 Special agents, - 
 
 - 
 
 140-141 
 
 CUSTOM-HOUSES— 
 
 
 
 Agents to organize, - 
 
 - 
 
 140 
 
 Questions taken under charge, - ■ - 
 
 - 
 
 37 
 
 Appropriation for, - - - - 
 
 - 
 
 132-133 
 
 DAHLONEGA, 
 
 - 
 
 82 
 
 DAMAGES— 
 
 
 
 Appeal for delay, - - - - 
 
 - 
 
 126 
 
 Failure to pay over moneys by clerks or mar 
 
 shal, 
 
 122-123 
 
 DECREES— 
 
 
 
 See judgments. 
 
 
 
 DEBT— 
 
 
 
 Imprisonment for, - 
 
 - 
 
 124 
 
148 
 
 DEED— 
 
 "When marshal dies or goes out of office, - - 123 
 DEMURRER— 
 
 Judgment on, - 122 
 DEPARTMENTS— (See several heads.) 
 DEPOSITIONS, - - - - - 119-120 
 
 DEPUTY MARSHALS, 115 
 
 DIGEST, 95 
 
 DISTRICT COURT— 
 
 One in each State, - - - - 115 
 
 Marshal and clerks' appointment and term of office, 115 
 
 " " oath and bond, - - 115 
 
 " " fees, 118 
 
 Clerk not to be connected with judge by blood or 
 
 marriage, - - - - - - 115 
 
 Attended by marshal, - 116 
 Appoints persons to execute writs when marshal or 
 
 deputy is party, _____ 116 
 
 Test and seal of writs, - 117 
 
 Seal provided by judge, - - \ . 117 
 
 Times and place of holding, _ 117 
 
 Oath of judge, _____ 117 
 
 Jurisdiction, ----__ 117 
 
 Costs, when more actions than one, - - 118 
 In matters of equity, where no separate court of 
 
 equity, ------ 118 
 
 Rules of decision, - - _ _ _ 113 
 
 Proceedings and forms of writs, - _ _ ng 
 
 May grant new trial, - 118 
 
 Injunctions, sci. fa. and habeas corpus, - - 119 
 
 Testimony, ---_-_ 119 
 
 Judge may appoint commissioners, - - 120 
 
 Parties heard by themselves or counsel, - - 120 
 
 Liens of judgment and execution, - 120 
 
 Oral testimony and examination of witnesses, - 120 
 
 Competency of witnesses, _ - - _ 120 
 Reviving suits, _____ 120-121 
 
 Production of books and writings, _ - _ 121 
 
 Contempts, ----__ 121 
 
 Jurors, petit, -.--_-_ 121-122 
 
 « grand, ----- 124 
 
 Judgments by default, confession or demurrer, - 122 
 
 Jeofails, ______ 122 
 
 "Writs, when two or more divisions, _ _ 122 
 
 Supersedeas of execution, - 122 
 
 Time of issuing execution, - -. _ - 122 
 "When marshal dies or goes out of office before 
 
 making deed, _____ 123 
 
 Security for costs, _____ 123 
 
 Rules for conduct and dispatch of business, - 124 
 
 Debtors imprisoned under process, - 124 
 
 Cognizance of crimes and offences, - - - 124 
 
149 
 
 DISTRICT COURT— Continued. 
 
 Proceedings and practice in criminal cases, - 124 
 Cognizance of admiralty and maritime cases, - 125 
 Laws of U. S. and rules of court, - 125 
 Writs of error and appeal, - 125-126 
 Transfer of records to, from U. S. circuit and dis- 
 trict courts, ----- 128-129 
 Previous orders in U. S. courts to have the same 
 
 effect, - 129 
 
 Copies of papers, &c, transferred to be evidence, - 129 
 
 Transferred cases to be heard and decided, - 128 
 
 When cases to be considered abandoned, - - 129 
 Judgments in civil cases unsatisfied at secession 
 
 have force and effect, - 129 
 
 " " proceedings, - - 129 
 
 Cases in which United States is plaintiff, - - 129 
 Judgment final when pending in supreme court of 
 
 U. S. if not transferred in 12 months, - - 130 
 Judgments of supreme court of U. S. before seces- 
 sion to be carried into effect, - 130-131 
 Jurisdiction in cases of malfeasance or misfeasance 
 
 in office at seat of government, - 132 
 
 DOCK-YARDS, 106 
 
 DOORKEEPER OF CONGRESS, 110 
 DRAFTSMAN— ' 
 
 Post-Office Department, - - - - 88-89 
 
 DUTIES— TARIFF, 41-135 
 
 Liquors, malt and distilled, and sugar, - - 70-71 
 Commodities exempt, - 41-61-134 
 
 Export on cotton, ----- 65 
 
 Light money, - - - - - 111 
 
 Discriminating on vessels repealed, - - 61 
 
 Repeal of act exempting certain articles, - 
 Merchandize in transit, _ _ - 
 
 : 
 
 137-138 
 136-137 
 
 ENGINEERS— 
 
 
 
 In navy, - 
 ENTRY 
 
 - 
 
 102 
 
 Ports of, 
 
 _ 
 
 63 
 
 ENVELOPES— 
 
 
 
 Stamped - 
 
 Company carrying letter not enclosed, 
 EVIDENCE— 
 
 - 
 
 51 
 53, 113 
 
 Copies of official records and papers in Treasury 
 
 Department, - 
 Copies of official papers and records transferred 
 
 to district court, - 
 
 45 
 12$ 
 
 EXECUTIONS, 
 
 - 
 
 122, 125 
 
 EXECUTIVE MANSION, - 
 
 - 
 
 54, 109 
 
 EXPRESS COMPANY, - - - 
 
 - 
 
 53, na 
 
150 
 
 FEES— 
 
 Of attorneys, - J14 
 
 Of clerks of supreme court, - - - 126 
 
 " and marshals, - 118-119 
 
 Of court commissioners, - 120 
 
 FELONY— 
 
 Postage stamps, dies, &c, 51 
 
 Treasury notes, - 86-87 
 
 Coin, coinage and mints, - 105-106 
 
 FOE AGE, 76-77 
 
 FORTS— 
 
 Cession recommended, - 106 
 
 President's authority when ceded, - - 107 
 Questions taken under charge and President to 
 
 communicate to the several States, 37 
 
 FRANKING PRIVILEGE, - 52-53 
 FUNDS— 
 
 Transfer accepted, 98 
 
 GUNBOATS, 110 
 
 HABEAS CORPUS, 119 
 
 INDIAN AFFAIRS, - 133-134,141 
 
 INDICTMENTS— 
 
 Prior to secession, - 131 
 
 INFORMER, 47-48 
 
 INJUNCTION, WRITS OF - - - - 119 
 INTEREST— 
 
 On treasury notes, - - - 83 et seq. 
 
 Stocks and bonds, - 64-65 
 
 On judgments, _____ 122 
 
 JAILS— - 131-132 
 
 JEOFAILS, 122 
 
 JUDGES — (See several courts.) 
 
 Advocate, - - - - - _ 91 
 
 JUDGMENTS— 
 
 Lien, - - 120 
 
 Amount on bond or agreement when by default, 
 
 confesssion, or on demurrer, - 122 
 
 Interest on, ------ 122 
 
 In cases pending in U. S. Supreme Court at seces- 
 sion, - - - - - - 130 
 
 Of Supreme or other court of U. S. before seces- 
 sion, - 130-131 
 
 JUDICIARY ACT, 115 
 
 JUDICIARY COMMITTEE— 
 
 Authorized to have certain matter printed, - 38 
 
 JURORS, - - - 121, 124 
 
151 
 
 JURY— 
 
 Petit, - - - - - - 121 
 
 Grand, ...... 124 
 
 JUSTICE, DEPARTMENT OF— 
 
 Organization, - _ ... 49 
 
 Clerical force, - 80-81 
 
 KEY WEST— 
 
 Admiralty and maritime court, 93 
 
 Wrecking, ___-_- 95 
 
 LABORERS— 
 
 Employment by Departments, 81 
 
 " " P. 0- Department, - - 89 
 
 LAWS— 
 
 Publication, - - - - - - 44 
 
 Preservation of originals, 43 
 
 United States not inconsistent, &c. continued, - 3G, 78 
 
 Revenue, to be enforced, . ... 40 
 
 Digest of, - - - - 95 
 
 Of several States, rules of decision. - - 118 
 
 LIENS— 
 
 Judgments and executions, ... 120 
 
 LIGHTHOUSE BUREAU, .... 71-72 
 
 LIGHT MONEY, ------ 111 
 
 LOAN— 
 
 For support and defence, 04 
 
 LOUISIANA— 
 
 Transfer of funds, ----- 98 
 
 MAILS— 
 
 Foreign, ______ 53, 05 
 
 Domestic, ______ 112 
 
 Chartered and Express Companies, - - 53, 113 
 
 MARINE CORPS, - 103 
 
 Laws United States, - 104 
 
 MARSHALS— 
 
 Appointment, - - - - 115 
 
 Oath and bond, - 115 
 
 May appoint deputies, _ _ _ _ H5 
 
 They and sureties bound for acts of deputies, - 115 
 
 To attend District Courts, - _ - - 110 
 
 " " Supreme Court, - - - 110 
 
 Execute precepts, - - - - 110 
 
 Command posse comitatus, - - - - 110 
 
 If interested or party, _ _ _ _ HG 
 
 Death, resignation or removal, - - - 110 
 Costs and fees, - 118-119 
 Failing to pay over money, - - - - 122-123 
 
 Deed by successor, _ _ _ _ 123 
 
 Provides place of confinement, - - - 132 
 
152 
 
 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT— 
 
 £ rm y> - - - - - 61-62, 76 
 
 Nav y> - - 100 
 
 MESSENGERS— 
 
 Post Office Department, - - 80, 89 
 
 Congress, ______ no 
 
 MILEAGE— 
 
 Members of Congress, - - - 89-90 
 
 District Attorneys, ----- 123 
 
 Marshal, - . . _ ' _ 118 
 
 Of jurors, --____ 122 
 
 MILITIA, - 68-70 
 
 MINTS, 82,88,105 
 
 MISDEMEANORS— 
 
 Letters, carrying, - - - - - 53, 113 
 
 Stamps, ---__- 51-52 
 
 Mississippi river, _____ 58-60 
 
 Franking privilege, - - - _ _ 52-53 
 
 MISSISSIPPI RIVER, - - - - _ 58-60 
 
 MUNITIONS OF WAR, - _ - - 42, 104 
 
 NAVAL AFFAIRS, 39 
 
 NAVAL OFFICERS— 
 
 Travelling expenses, - 137 
 
 Navigation laws, ----- 60 
 
 NAVY— 
 
 Date of commissions, - - . - 136 
 Organization, regulations, officers, employees and 
 
 salaries, - - - - - - 98,105 
 
 Appropriation, _____ 135-136 
 
 NAVY DEPARTMENT, - - - - - 48 
 
 Clerical force, _____ 81 
 
 Secretary of, salary, 43 
 
 His duties and powers, _ - _ 48,. 104, 137 
 
 NAVY YARDS, - - - - - - 37, 106 
 
 NEW ORLEANS, 82, 88 
 
 NOTARY PUBLIC, - - - - - 120 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA, 36 
 
 OATHS— 
 
 Assistant treasurer and treasurer of mint, - 88 
 
 Of officers of customs prior to 1st April, 1861, - 39 
 
 " " endorsement and filing, - - 39 
 
 « " Department of State, 44 
 
 « « Army, 97 
 
 Agent of the company carrying mail, - - 113 
 
 Clerks and marshals, - 115 
 
 OFFENCES— 
 
 Persons not discharged by secession, - - 131 
 
 By officers at seat of government, - - 132 
 
153 
 
 OFFICER OF ORDERS AND DETAIL, - - - 104 
 
 OFFICERS— (See several heads.) 
 
 Resigned or resigning, - - - 57 
 
 Oath of, in army, ----- 97 
 
 Travelling expenses of naval, - 137 
 
 ORDNANCE AND ORDNANCE STORES— 
 
 For Army, ------ 139 
 
 PARTIES, - 117,118,120 
 
 PATENTS, 67 
 
 PAYMASTER— 
 
 In navy, ------ 101, 104 
 
 PENITENTIARY, 131 
 
 PORTS OF ENTRY, - - - - 63,140 
 PLEADING— 
 
 Jeofails, 122 
 
 POSTAGE— 
 
 Rates of domestic - - - - - 50, 51 
 
 " " foreign - - - - - 65 
 
 Must be prepaid ----- 50 
 
 Stamps and envelopes, - - - 51 
 
 " " forging and counterfeiting - 51-52 
 
 What exempt ------ 51 
 
 Franking - - - - 53 
 
 May be required in money before stamps distributed 65 
 
 POSTMASTER— 
 
 Defacing stamps - - - - - 52 
 
 Franking privilege - 52 
 
 " " violating - - - - 53 
 
 POSTMASTER GENERAL- 
 
 Salary -------43 
 
 Duties and authority - - - - 49, 53 
 
 Violating franking privilege - - - - 53 
 
 May order postage paid in money 65 
 
 Contracts for foreign mails 65 
 
 POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT— 
 
 Organization, ----- 49 
 
 Clerical force, - 80, 88-89 
 
 Appropriations, - 108,139-140 
 
 POWDER— 42-104 
 
 POWDER MILLS— 42 
 
 PRACTICE— 
 
 Admiralty, Key West, 95 
 
 " and districts courts, - 125 
 Judicial courts, - lib, etseq. 
 
 Production of Books, &c, - 121 
 
 In criminal cases, ----- 124 
 
154 
 
 PRESIDENT- 
 
 Authority to receive arms and munitions, - - 60 
 
 " to appoint commissioners to U. S., - 40 
 
 " to accept provisional forces, - - 66 
 
 " to charter arms and equipments, - 70 
 ci to detail captain or commander for chief 
 
 of Light House Bureau, - - 71-72 
 " "to call troops into service, - - 79 
 ■ " to select captains and lieutenants of en- 
 gineers, ----- 72 
 " to equip light batteries, 74 
 " to enlist armorers, 77 
 " to assign duties to officers, - - 78 
 " to approve army regulations, - - 78 
 " to order who shall command different 
 
 corps, ----- 79 
 
 " to take possession of property ceded, - 107 
 
 " to appoint consuls, - 109 
 
 " to control contingent fund, - - 109 
 
 " to purchase and construct gun-boats, - 110 
 
 " to instruct commissioners to Europe, - 81 
 
 " to have treasury no^es issued, 83 
 ' " to direct appropriation for support of 
 
 provisional forces, 93 
 u to assign Brigadier General to duty of 
 
 Adjutant and Inspector General, - 96 
 " to assign officers of Quartermaster Gene- 
 ral's, Commissary General's and Ad- 
 jutant General's Departments to com- 
 mand, ----- 62 
 " to fix pay of seamen, - 103 
 " to determine relative and assimilated 
 
 rank of navy and army officers, - 105 
 
 • " to approve navy regulations, - - 104 
 " to make contracts for purchase and 
 
 manufacture of munitions of war, - 42 
 
 Directed to communicate resolution as to forts to 
 
 the several States, 37 
 Secretaries of Navy, State and War under control, 48 
 Enjoins duty upon Postmaster General, - - 49 
 Authorized to employ private secretary and mes- 
 senger, ______ 42, 81 
 
 Salary, _.-__- 107 
 
 Approves seal of Treasury Department, - - 45 
 
 Executive mansion, - - - - - '54 
 
 Required to instruct collectors to enforce revenue 
 laws, - - - - - -40 
 
 Appoints general officers for provisional forces, - .66 
 
 Directed to assume control of military operations, 66 
 Appoints additional quartermasters, commissaries 
 
 and surgeons, - - - - 70 
 
 Appoints from lieutenants, inspectors of sea-coast, 72 
 
 Appointments in regular army, - - 73, et seq. 
 
155 
 
 PRESIDENT— Continued. 
 
 Appoints Second Auditor, - 
 
 " inferior officers, - - - - 
 
 cc attorney and marshal, Key West, 
 
 Assistant treasurer and treasurer of mint, 
 Appoints naval officers during recess, 
 
 " all officers, civil, military and naval, dur- 
 
 ing recess of Congress, 
 Authority as to loan, - 
 
 " as to treasury notes, - 
 
 " as to second auditor, - 
 
 Appoints commissioner of Indian affairs, - 
 May affix certain dates to naval commissions, 
 
 PRINTING— 
 
 Reid & Shorter, printers to Congress, 
 
 Provisional constitution with autograph signatures, 
 
 Of such matter as judiciary committee may desire 
 
 to lay before Congress authorized, 
 For committees of Congress, - 
 
 Public, in relation to - 
 
 Style of, ----- - 
 
 Compensation for, generally, - 
 
 Compensation for, on parchment, 
 
 Postoffice blanks, &c, - 
 
 Advertisements in public gazette, - 
 
 Contracts for, by chief officers, - 
 
 Of executive departments authorized, 
 
 Accounts for, sworn to by contractor or public 
 
 printer, accompanied with vouchers, 
 On parchment, - 
 
 Bureau of, ----- - 
 
 Superintendent of, - 
 
 By whom appointed, - - - - - 
 
 Eligibility and duties of, - 
 Appeal from decision of, - 
 Accounts for audited and allowed, 
 
 PRODUCTION— 
 
 Of books, &c, - 
 
 PRIVATE SECRETARY, 
 
 PROVISIONAL CONSTITUTION, 
 PROVISIONAL FORCES, - 
 
 Appropriation, - 
 
 Appropriation at Charleston, - 
 
 PROVISIONS— (Navy) - 
 
 PUBLIC DEFENCE, - - - 06, 68-70 : 
 
 PUBLIC ESTABLISHMENTS, 
 QUARTERMASTER— 
 
 Department organized, - 
 
 " amendatory act, 
 
 111 
 112 
 111 
 87 
 103 
 
 141 
 64 
 83 
 111 
 133 
 136 
 
 35 
 
 38 
 40 
 
 54-58 
 35, 55 
 55, 56 
 56 
 56 
 56 
 56 
 56 
 
 56 
 56 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 57 
 
 121 
 
 42 
 
 3 
 
 66 
 
 90 
 
 90 
 
 104 
 
 90-93, 96 
 
 - 37, 106 
 
 61 
 96 
 
156 
 
 QUARTERMASTER— Continued. 
 
 Officers may be assigned to command, - 62 
 Of marines, ----- 103, 104 
 
 RATIONS— 
 
 In army, * - - - - 77 
 
 In navy, ------ 103 
 
 RECORDS—' 
 
 Transfer to Confederate courts, - 128 
 
 Copies when evidence, - 129 
 
 RECRUITING, 77 
 
 REGISTER OF TREASURY— 
 
 Office and salary, ----- 45 
 
 Duties and powers, - - - - 46 
 
 Disabilities, ------ 47 
 
 " violating, 47 
 
 Signs certificate of stocks or bonds, 64 
 
 Countersigns treasury notes, 84 
 
 REGISTRY— 
 
 Of letters, - - - - - - 53 
 
 Of vessels, ------ 71 
 
 SALARY— 
 
 President, - - - - - - 107 
 
 Vice President, ----- 43 
 
 Heads of Departments, - - _ » - 43 
 
 Assistant Attorney-General, 80 
 
 Assistant Secretaries, 81 
 
 Private Secretary, ----- 81 
 
 Clerks and messengers, - 79-80 
 
 Commissioner of Indian Affairs and clerk, - - 133 
 
 Officers of Congress, - 110 
 Officers of navy, - - - - 98, et seq. 
 
 First Auditor, 80 
 
 Second Auditor, ----- 111 
 
 Register, ------ 80 
 
 Comptroller, ----- 80 
 
 Treasurer, ------ 80 
 
 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, _ _ - 133 
 
 « " clerk, 133 
 
 Officers of Congress, - 138 
 
 SCIRE FACIAS, - - - - - - 119 
 
 SEAMEN— 
 
 Pay fixed by President, - 103 
 
 Rations, __-__- 103 
 
 SECRETARY - 
 
 Of Congress, 55, 110 
 
 " " Assistant, 110 
 
 " Navy- 
 Salary, _____ 43 
 Duties and powers, - - - - 48, 104 
 Authorized to pay certain traveling expenses, 137 
 
157 
 
 SECRETARY— Continued. 
 
 Of State- 
 Salary, - - - - - 43 
 
 Duties and powers, &c, - 43,44 
 
 Assistant, - - - - - 63, 81 
 
 « Clerks, - - - -79,81 
 
 " Treasury, 
 
 Salary, 43 
 General duties and powers, - 46, 139 
 
 Appoints special agents, - ■ - 139 
 
 Disabilities, ----- 47 
 
 " violating, 47 
 
 Powers as to ports of entry, - - - 63, 139 
 
 « « " " « " collectors, - 61,139 
 
 Duties and powers in relation to loan, - , 64 
 
 May remit duties in certain cases, - - 134 
 
 Light House Bureau, 71 
 
 Assistant, ----- 45, 46 
 
 " Disabilities, 47 
 « " violating, 47 
 « War- 
 Salary, ----- 43 
 
 Department, ----- 48 
 
 Army and Indians, 48 
 Under control of President, 48 
 Clerks, - - - . 48,79-80 
 Prepares and publishes regulations, 78 
 Bond Quartermaster and Commissary De- 
 partment, ----- 78 
 
 Apply appropriation for regular army, - 93 
 SHIPS— 
 
 Light money, ----- m 
 
 Discriminating duties repealed, 61 
 
 Purchase, arming and equipping, 70 
 
 Registration, - - 71 
 
 SINKING FUND, - 65 
 
 STAMPS, ------ 51-53,65 
 
 STATUTES— 
 
 Of United States, ■ 36,104 
 
 Registration of letters, 53 
 
 Originals preserved, 43 
 
 Publication, ------ 44 
 
 Digest, ------ 95 
 
 STOCKS, 64 
 
 SUBSISTENCE, Army, 61-62 
 
 « Navy, 104 
 
 SUGAR, 71 
 
 SUITS, when considered abandoned, - 129 
 
 SUPREME COURT— 
 
 Annual session at seat of Government, - 115 
 
 Adjournment by one judge if no quorum, - 115 
 
158 
 
 SUPKEME COURT— Continued. * 
 
 Marshal of District attends, - - - HO 
 Test of writs, - - , - - - no 
 Seal, -,. - " v - • _ ^ _ H7 
 Oath of judges, - 117 
 * Writs of'sci. fa , and habeas corpus and injunc- 
 tion, - - - e - _ H9 
 Suits revived by sci. fa., - - - 121 
 Contempts, - - - _- - 121 
 Writs of e^rar supersedeas, - "+■- - 122 
 " of " in*criminal cases, - - 124-125 
 " " in civil cases, - - 125, 130, 132 
 ? % Key West, f - 93 
 ftate courts, - - - - ... 128 
 
 Bonds for costs, - ... . . 120 
 
 Clerk appointment, oath, bond and fees, - - 120 
 
 May adjudge damages for delay, - - , - 120 
 
 Appeals when sum exceeds $5,000, - *£• , - 126 
 Appeals and writs of error from existing judgments 
 
 and decrees, . - - - - - 127 
 
 May make rules, - - - - - 127 
 
 When equally divided but not full, re-argument, - 127 
 
 Re-argument, full judgment affirmed, - - 127 
 
 Original and exclusive jurisdiction, - - 127 
 
 Writs of rnandamm and prohibition, - - 127 
 
 Cases pending in United States, - 130 
 Unexecuted judgments of U. S. rendered before 
 
 secession, ------ 131 
 
 Writs of error or appeal in cases transferred and 
 
 decided by Courts of Confederacy, - - 132 
 
 Cannot issue execution on writ of error, - - 126 
 
 Trial by jury, _____ 127 
 
 Notice of transfer from Supreme Court of U. S., to 
 
 that of Confederate States, _ _ _ 131 
 
 SURGEON— 
 
 General, - - - - - - 62, 76 
 
 Army, ------ 62 
 
 Navy, - - -' - - 100 
 
 TARIFF— 
 
 Existing laws to be enforced, - - 40 
 On coal, iron, cheese, &c, - - - _ 135 
 Texas excepted, _____ 40, 42 
 Applied to Texas, _ - _ _ _ 138 
 Certain commodities exempt, - - 41, 61, 134 
 Repeal of act of exemption, - 137 
 On liquors and sugar, 70 
 Merchandise in transit, - 136, 137 
 Materials for telegraph lines, Forts Morgan and Pu- 
 laski, exempt, ----- 82 
 
 TELEGRAPH LINES— 
 
 Materials, Forts Morgan and Pulaski exempt from 
 
 duty, ------ 82 
 
159 
 
 TESTIMONY— 119,120,129 
 
 TEXAS— 
 
 Exempted from revenue laws, - 40,42 
 
 Admission, ------ 67 
 
 Tariff laws applied, ----- 138 
 
 TREASURER— 
 
 Assistants, continued till 1st April, 1861, - - 38 
 
 Assistants, duties, powers, salaries, bond and oath, 38,39 
 
 At New Orleans, duties, &c, 87 
 
 Office created, ----- 45 
 
 Salary, 45 
 
 Duties and bond, ----- 47 
 In regard to Treasury Notes, - - 83, et seq. 
 
 Disabilities and penalties, 47 
 
 TREASURY— 
 
 Department, ------ 45 
 
 Notes, - - - - 83, et seq. 
 
 UNITED STATES— 
 
 Certain laws of, continued, - - - - 36 
 
 Rules and articles of war, 78 
 
 VESSELS— 
 
 % Discriminating duties repealed, 61 
 
 On Mississippi River, - - - - 58, 60 
 
 Chartered or purchased, armed and equipped, . 70 
 
 Registration, ...... 71 
 
 Light money, ...... Ill 
 
 VICE PRESIDENT, SALARY, . . . 43 
 
 WAR— 
 
 Department established, .... 48 
 « clerical force, . . . .80,81 
 " Second Auditor of Treasury audits ac- 
 counts, .... Ill, 112 
 " , Contracts for munitions, . . 42 
 
 WARRANTS— 
 
 On criminal charge prior to secession in force and 
 
 returnable, ...... 131 
 
 WRECKING— 
 
 License, ...... 95 
 
 WRITS— 
 
 Test and Seal, . . . - . . 116, 117 
 Forms, . . ... . . .118 
 
 Injunction, sei. fa. and habeas corpus, . . 119 
 On criminal charge issued before secession con- 
 tinued in force and returnable to District Court, 131 
 When two or more divisions of District Court, . 122 
 Mistake, omission or defection, . . . 122 
 
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