THE LIBRARY OF THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA 
 
 THE COLLECTION OF 
 NORTH CAROLINLVNA 
 
 ENDOWED BY 
 
 JOHN SPRUNT HILL 
 CLASS OF 1889 
 
 C636.1 
 C96b 
 
UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL 
 
 00042087712 
 FOR USE ONLY IN 
 THE NORTH CAROLINA COLLECTION 
 
 ■orm No. A-368 
 
Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive 
 
 in 2012 with funding from 
 
 University of Nortii Carolina at Chapel Hil 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/bloodedhorsesofcOOculv 
 

 Blooded Horses 
 
 of 
 Colonial Days 
 
 CULVER 
 
•tfr. 
 
Blooded Horses 
 
 of 
 Colonial Days 
 
 CLASSIC HORSE MATCHES in AMERICA 
 BEFORE THE REVOLUTION 
 
 By 
 
 FRANCIS BARNUM CULVER 
 
 BALTIMORE 
 MCMXXII 
 
 Published by the Author 
 
£ 
 
 COPYRIGHT 1922 
 by 
 
 Francis Barnum Culver 
 
 Press of 
 
 Kohn & Pollcck, Inc. 
 
 Baltimore 
 
C 9^ i 
 
 ^ 
 
Foreword 
 
 The word "classic" is used advisedly in con- 
 nection with the subtitle of this monograph. It 
 is defined as meaning "of the first or highest 
 class or rank." Certainly, the colonial period 
 of our turf history belongs to that category. 
 For, not only the racers but also their owners 
 were of the highest class. Only gentlemen, in 
 the early eighteenth century sense of the term, 
 were permitted to match their horses on the turf. 
 
 During the earlier colonial period County 
 Fairs were the occasions for the exposition of 
 horses for sale, according to the English custom, 
 and for testing the qualities of these animals. 
 But bottom rather than dash seems to have been 
 emphasized in the earlier horse-matches, and 
 sport rather than improvement of breed was the 
 incentive to action. 
 
 From the middle of the eighteenth century to 
 the beginning of the American Revolution, how- 
 ever, was a period remarkable for fine horses; 
 and the matching of thoroughbreds on the turf 
 became the vogue. The racers were usually six 
 or eight years old, and the courses four miles, 
 over which from three to five heats were not 
 infrequently run. 
 
During the years 1745 to 1775, racing was 
 established at almost every convenient town and 
 public place in Maryland, in Virginia and in the 
 Carolinas, "where the inhabitants, almost to a 
 man, were devoted to this fascinating and ra- 
 tional amusement; when all ranks and denomi- 
 ' nations were fond of horses, especially those of 
 the race breed; when gentlemen of fortune ex- 
 pended large sums on their studs, sparing no 
 pains or trouble in importing the best stock, and 
 improving the breed by judicious crossing." 
 Governors, councillors, legislators and gentle- 
 men either imported, or bred, or matched thor- 
 oughbred horses. 
 
 To this day the influence of those early im- 
 portations and of the spirit of emulation on the 
 part of the American gentlemen of colonial days 
 is felt in this country, and the good seed first 
 sown in Maryland and Virginia has brought 
 forth good fruit, and that abundantly. 
 
 It is noteworthy that a Maryland-bred horse, 
 Selim, was the record-getter of the turf before 
 the Revolution. In the year 1767, Selim, aged 
 eight years, son of imported Othello out of im- 
 ported Selima, carrying one hundred and forty 
 pounds, was the successful runner at Philadel- 
 phia, covering the four-mile course in 8 minutes 
 and 2 seconds, over an unusually heavy track, 
 beating three imported racers of the North. 
 Fifteen years before, in Virginia, Selim's dam, 
 imported Selima, had beaten four celebrities of 
 
the Old Dominion, including two imported 
 steeds of Colonel Tayloe's, Childers and Jenny 
 Cameron. 
 
 During the period portrayed herein, about 
 three hundred horses of greater or less celebrity 
 in American turf annals, many of them imported 
 from Old England into Maryland, Virginia, the 
 Carolinas, New York, and Pennsylvania, are 
 noticed in these pages. More or less extended 
 accounts are given of some of the leading dev- 
 otees of the turf in colonial days; the foremost 
 stud farms are mentioned; the localities where 
 the races were held from year to year and the 
 performance of the horses in each race are rec- 
 orded. 
 
 It may be objected that the author has de- 
 voted more space to colonial Maryland turf 
 history than a fair apportionment of the subject 
 warrants. His answer is, Maryland aside from 
 her supereminent place in the matters of colonial 
 importation and breeding of fine horses, may be 
 regarded as reflecting the attitude of that age 
 with respect to the sports of the turf, partic- 
 ularly in the Southern provinces. Ab uno 
 disce omnes! Besides, the records of this Prov- 
 ince are rich in material, while her turf history 
 has never been adequately treated heretofore. 
 
 The author takes this opportunity to acknow- 
 ledge the kind offices of Mr. William Wood- 
 ward, of New York and Maryland; of Mrs. 
 Charles H. Hartshorne, of New Jersey, and of 
 
Mr. Howard Sill, of Baltimore, in permitting 
 the use of their photographs of historic places 
 and objects which appear among the illustra- 
 tions. He is further indebted to the Librarian 
 of Congress, and to the librarians of the various 
 historical societies belonging to the several 
 states herein mentioned, for their helpful sug- 
 gestions in the matter of bibliography, manu- 
 script records, etc., relating to the history, in 
 their respective communities, of the ancient and 
 honorable sports of the turf. 
 
 The Author. 
 
 Baltimore, Maryland, 
 December, 1921. 
 
^JlnnapoffjdlihjcriptionJpLate % llkvjJ'?^^^ 
 
 i7/d - - - 
 
 1114 
 
 i-imehv ifToot ^ in. 
 
 
 ■/ 
 
 (Courtesy of Mrs. Charles H. Hartshorne. of New Jersey) 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
Table of Contents 
 
 His Imperial Majesty the Horse 13 
 
 Origin of Racing in England 19 
 
 Horse-Breeding and Racing in tlie Province of Maryland. . 25 
 
 Colonial Maryland's Foremost Turf Patrons 35 
 
 Some Famous Horses of the Olden Time 49 
 
 Annals of the Turf in Colonial Maryland 55 
 
 Colonial Sportsmen Who Competed in Maryland's Turf 
 
 Contests 12) 
 
 Maryland Racing Centers (1745-1775) 76 
 
 Old Maryland Jockey Club 11 
 
 Appendix to Maryland Turf Section : 
 
 (Racing Memoriabilia, Pedigrees, etc.) 79 
 
 Horse-Breeding in Colonial Virginia 99 
 
 Horse-Racing in Colonial Virginia Ill 
 
 Annals of the Turf in Colonial Virginia 114 
 
 Virginia Sportsmen and Their T Torses 121 
 
 Appendix to Virginia Turf Section : 
 
 (Racing Memorabilia, Pedigrees, etc.) 123 
 
 The Sports of the Turf in the Carolinas 131 
 
 The Thoroughbred Horse in Provincial Nevir York 143 
 
 The Thoroughbred Horse in Pennsylvania 151 
 
 The Horse in Colonial New England 153 
 
Illustrations 
 
 The Godolphin Arabian 
 
 Annapolis Subscription Plate of 1743 
 
 "Belair," the Seat of the Ogle Family 
 
 Entrance to "Belair" 
 
 "Tulip Hill," the Home of the Galloways 
 
 Town Fair and Horse-Race Announcement 
 
 "Whitehall," the Home of Gov. Sharpe 
 
 "Mount Airy," the Home of the Tayloes 
 
His Imperial Majesty, The Horse 
 
 WYNKYN DE WORDE, printer at 
 London, and Caxton's successor in 1491, 
 enumerates fifteen points of a good 
 horse, and in quaint fashion describes them thus: 
 "A good horse sholde have three propyrtees 
 of a man, three of a woman, three of a foxe, 
 three of a haare, and three of an asse. Of a man, 
 bolde, prowde and hardye. Of a woman, faire- 
 breasted, faire of heere and easy to move. Of 
 a foxe, a faire taylle, short eers, with a good 
 trotte. Of a haare, a grate eye, a dry head, and 
 well rennynge. Of an asse, a bygge chynn, a 
 fiat legge and a good hoof". 
 
 His physical "properties" (according to 
 Wynkyn's apparently whimsical classification) 
 aside, the horse is, next to our humble servitor 
 the dog, the most faithful of domestic animals; 
 certainly he has been, from time immemorial, 
 the most useful. 
 
 Among the Greeks, he was highly regarded, 
 and the names of individuals derived from 
 
J4 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 hippos (horse) signified, generally speaking, an 
 aristocratic origin; notably, as for example, 
 Hippolytos, son of Theseus, duke of Athens; 
 Hippolyta, queen of the Amazons and daughter 
 of Mars; Hippomenes, a Grecian prince who 
 outstripped Atalanta in the celebrated foot-race 
 wherein the apple, that fruit of ill omen, again 
 played a decisive role; Hippodameia, wife of 
 Pelops, and ancestress of the Atreidae; Hippo- 
 cleides the Athenian, Aristippos the Cyrenaic, 
 and others. According to the old Greek method 
 of appraisement the cheapest price for a bad 
 horse was more than the average for a good 
 slave/ 
 
 Mythology tells us that the first to ride and 
 tame a horse for the use of man was Melizyus, 
 King of Thessaly, in the Golden Age of Saturn, 
 and history records that Bucephalus, the war- 
 horse of Alexander the Great, gave his name to 
 a city. In the 39th chapter of the Book of Job 
 there is an exquisite poem dedicated to the horse 
 that "mocketh at fear", that "smelleth the battle 
 afar off, the thunder of the captains and the 
 shouting". The Parthians, who became Rome's 
 most formidable rival in the Orient, were ex- 
 traordinary and wonderful horsemen. 
 
 The poet, Virgil, tells us {Georgics, Book 
 III):- 
 
 'The Greeks had horse races {'aycbvEQ 'iTinixoi) , both with 
 chariots and for riders. These races were held in connection with 
 the observance of religious festivals. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days /f 
 
 "Bold Ericthonius was the first who join'd 
 Four horses for the rapid race designed, 
 And o'er the dusty wheels presiding sate: 
 The Lapithac, to chariots, add the state 
 Of bits and bridles; taught the steed to bound. 
 To run the ring, and trace the mazy round; 
 To stop, to fly, the rules of war to know; 
 T'obey the rider, and to dare the foe." 
 
 We inherit our regard for the horse from 
 our Anglo-Norman ancestors. To this faithful 
 and useful creature the peaceful husbandman 
 never turned in vain ; on him the warrior in 
 battle and the combatant in knightly tournament 
 depended. Shakespeare, in his famous tragedy, 
 makes Richard of England cry out: "A horse! 
 a horse! My kingdom for a Horse!" In- 
 deed, to be "unhorsed" and made to "bite the 
 dust" was a dreadful thing for the mail-clad 
 knight who, wounded and weakened by the con- 
 test, and encumbered with his armour, stifled as 
 the dust rolled in under his helmet whose closed 
 visor made death by suffocation almost certain. 
 A king should have had "better luck," as Roy- 
 alty wore the helmet protected in front by bars, 
 and with beaver open. 
 
 Miss Yonge, in her "History of Christian 
 Names", observes: "No sacred animal was in 
 more request than the horse. Even the gods 
 had their wonderful horses, among which we 
 may mention Hrimfaxi, the horse of night, from 
 whose bit fall the rime-drops that every morn- 
 
i6 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 ing bedew the earth; Sleepner (the slippery), 
 the eight-footed steed of Odin; and Gullfaxi, 
 or gold mane, that belonged to the giant Hrim- 
 grim." 
 
 Our word "horse", in fact, is derived, by 
 metathesis, from the Teutonic hross. "The 
 eastern origin of the Teutons was never more 
 shown than by their homage to horses. Beauti- 
 ful and choice white steeds were reserved for 
 the gods, drawing the wagons that conveyed the 
 images, when the army went out to battle, or 
 a colony migrated, and omens were derived 
 from their neighings when alive, and from their 
 heads when killed in sacrifice." 
 
 Great sacrifices of horses were made on 
 solemn occasions, and feasts were had upon 
 their flesh as a religious rite, so that the abstain- 
 ing from horse flesh became absolutely a test of 
 Christianity. The converted Germans were 
 forbidden in the eighth century, by Pope Greg- 
 ory III, to eat ravens, vultures or horses; a 
 custom that we can hardly pretend to sniff at, 
 as being unrefined, when there are many among 
 us to-day who eat the vitals of slain creatures, 
 such as the heart, the liver, the kidney and the 
 gizzard, and appear to relish them as dainty 
 and delectable morsels. 
 
 The horse was the national emblem of the 
 Saxons. White horses cut out in the chalky 
 hillsides of Southern England from time im- 
 memorial, attest the antiquity of the symbol 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 17 
 
 Still used by the county of Kent and by the 
 Anglian-Continental province of Hanover. 
 
 In the mediaeval period, as heraldry de- 
 veloped through the agency of the Crusades, 
 the horse became a frequent device in connec- 
 tion with coat-armor. In fact as far back in 
 time as the battle of Hastings (1066), we are 
 told, Ferrers, the Master of Horse to William 
 the Conqueror, bore as his arms: argent six 
 horse-shoes sable, a bearing still retained by the 
 Ferrers family. While a horse-shoe may not 
 be considered a classic device, yet in the Ferrers 
 arms it shows an old and noble family and per- 
 petuates the glory of the founder of the house. 
 
 In our own land, from Pioneer days down 
 to more recent times, the horse has been an in- 
 dispensable companion and factor of our prog- 
 ress in civilization. He was the means of con- 
 veyance for our American ancestors as they mi- 
 grated to distant sections of the country, and 
 he possessed also the acute faculty of snuffing 
 an Indian at a great distance, thereby warning 
 the settler of impending danger. 
 
 Of the usefulness of the horse in later years, 
 and of the regard and esteem in which he is 
 held, it is not necessary here to speak. Today, 
 as he passes from the wider field of his former 
 activities, according to the law of the survival 
 of the fittest, we yield him our devoir, and be- 
 stow upon him the meed of our praise and grati- 
 tude. 
 
Origin of Racing In England 
 
 Horses exposed for sale at Smithfield, an 
 English mart for this noble animal, during the 
 reign of King Henry H, in the twelfth century 
 of our era, were pitted against one another to 
 show their qualities. King John, who was a 
 sportsman, kept running horses; the Edwards, 
 H, HI and IV, were breeders of the equine 
 and Henry VHI imported some from the East. 
 
 However, we must not associate these horses 
 with those now used for the turf. The former 
 appear to have been light and speedy animals 
 employed in active pursuits and the sports of the 
 chase, and named in contradistinction to the war 
 horse, then required to be heavy and powerful 
 to sustain a man in armour — usually a weight 
 of upwards of two hundred and eighty pounds. 
 
 "The invention of gunpowder and the con- 
 sequent abandonment of armour were the first 
 causes of the change of breed in the English 
 horse, and racing between the lighter animals 
 seems to have been frequent in the time of 
 Queen Elizabeth, but it was not until the reign 
 of James I (1603-1625) that private matches 
 between gentlemen, then their own jockeys, be- 
 came common. James was the real founder of 
 horse-racing in England. He loved the sport 
 
20 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 for its own sake, and frequently attended the 
 races at Croydon and Enfield. 
 
 The first public race meetings appear at 
 Garterly, in Yorkshire; Croydon, in Surrey; 
 and at Theobald's, on Enfield Chase, the prize 
 being a golden bell/ The art of training also 
 may now be said to have commenced. Strict at- 
 tention was paid to the food and exercise of the 
 horse, but the effect of weight was not taken into 
 consideration; ten stone (140 pounds) being 
 generally, we have reason to believe, both the 
 maximum and minimum of what the horses 
 carried. 
 
 King James patronized racing; he gave £154 
 (some say, erroneously, £500) for an Arabian 
 which, according to the Duke of Newcastle, 
 was of little value, having been beaten easily by 
 the native horses. The first valuable prize, a 
 silver-gilt cup and cover, the gift of the alder- 
 men of Stamford, was run for, there, in the time 
 of Charles I, and races were afterwards held, in 
 1640, both at Newmarket and in Hyde Park. 
 
 Oliver Cromwell was not indifferent to the 
 breed of race-horses. The oldest of our pedi- 
 grees end with that of White Turk, one of his 
 stallions; and he had a famous mare called the 
 Coffin mare, from her being concealed in a 
 vault during the search for his effects at the 
 time of the Restoration. 
 
 ^Strutt dates the commencement of regular racing in England 
 from the institution of a silver bell as the prize at the Chester races 
 in the 31st year of Henry VIII (1540). 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 21 
 
 Charles II encouraged racing, and in his 
 reign the prizes began to be valuable. Among 
 them were pieces of plate of the value of one 
 hundred guineas and upwards. About the year 
 1670, Charles sent abroad the Master of Horse 
 for the purpose of selecting mares and stallions 
 for the royal stud at Hampton Court. The se- 
 lection was made entirely of Arabians and 
 Barbs, and the mares were called 'royal mares'. 
 He was the breeder of Dodsworth, the earliest 
 race-horse whose pedigree can be properly 
 authenticated. This was the true starting-point 
 of the British pedigree of horses." 
 
 James II on his return to France, kept Eng- 
 lish horses; William and Mary patronized the 
 turf, and George I about 1727, instituted "kings 
 plates", as they have since been called, being 
 one hundred guineas paid in cash. The Godol- 
 phin Arabian the founder of our best blood, 
 appeared in the reign of George II, or more 
 exactly, in the year 1730. Regular, organized 
 racing, however, on the English turf commences 
 somewhere between 1740 and 1750, and the 
 British Jockey Club, according to Hon. Francis 
 Lawley, a recognized authority, was not organ- 
 ized until 1750. In 1752, there were between 
 seventy and eighty race-meetings in England, 
 and sixty thoroughbred stallions standing in va- 
 rious parts of the kingdom. 
 
Horse Breeding and Racing 
 
 in the 
 
 Province of Maryland 
 
Horse Breeding a^rd Racing in the 
 Province of Maryland 
 
 Horses were plentiful in Maryland from 
 the earliest days of the Province. In 1692, an 
 Act entitled, "An Act for thq Restrayning the 
 unreasonable Encrease of Horses in this Prov- 
 ince", was passed and became a lavs^. In 1694, 
 an attempt was made to repeal this law, and the 
 following year an amendment to the former Act 
 was proposed, for the purpose of preventing 
 "the greate Evill occasioned by the Multiplicity 
 of Horses within this Province". In the pre- 
 amble it recites that "from the great Numbers 
 and Abundance of Horses there arise many 
 great Evills and Inconveniencyes to the Inhabi- 
 tants of this Province, as namely, the small 
 Stature of Stallions running wild dothe Lessen 
 and Spoyle the whole Breed and Streyne of all 
 Horses," but, particularly, the destruction of 
 cornfields, pastures, etc., was occasioned thereby. 
 The result was the owners were ordered to keep 
 their horses pent up by "good and sufficient en- 
 closures".' 
 
 In 171 3, an Act passed in 1704 was revived, 
 prohibiting the bringing of "horses, mares, colts 
 
 'Advertisements for "strays" were frequently published in 
 the newspapers of the later colonial period. 
 
26 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 or fillies from Pennsylvania and the territories 
 thereto belonging", into the Province for sale. 
 Again in 1735, "the question was put that a 
 Bill be brought in to prevent the bringing of 
 horses, mares, colts and fillies into this Prov- 
 ince," but it was resolved in the negative/ 
 
 From the foregoing passages, it is evident 
 that the matter of horse breeding in Maryland 
 was a problem of public concern at an early 
 period, and one which engaged the attention of 
 our colonial legislators. But it was not until 
 the middle of the eighteenth century that the 
 breeding of thoroughbreds and regular horse- 
 racing, after the approved English fashion, 
 were introduced into the Province. 
 
 The local historian, Scharf, tells us that 
 "crossed with thoroughbreds, the mares of this 
 country stock produced excellent hunters and 
 racers, and horse-racing was a favorite amuse- 
 ment of the Province. So common, in fact, 
 were scrub and quarter-races at every gathering 
 of the people, on Sundays, on Saturday after- 
 noons and at Quaker meetings, that they had to 
 be prohibited by special Acts of Legislature. 
 
 "Regular matched races between pedigreed 
 horses, in the English style, are said to have been 
 introduced at Annapolis by Governor Ogle 
 about 1745, and it was then that the Maryland 
 Jockey Club was first founded. After this, 
 
 *Md. Arch. XXXVIII. 5, 11, 182; XXXIX. 232: XL. 151-2, 
 162, 180, 197-8. 
 
Blcoded Horses of Colonial Days 27 
 
 purse-racing and racing for cups became a regu- 
 lar amusement at every county town during 
 Court. Every fall and spring there were races 
 at Marlborough and Chestertown, at Joppa and 
 Elkridge, quite as much as at Annapolis and 
 Williamstadt/ The purses varied from thirty 
 to one hundred pistoles, and the best horses in 
 the country were entered for the match. 
 
 "The Chestertown races were particularly 
 celebrated, and on this course Maryland and 
 Virginia often contended together, as also did 
 the gentlemen breeders of Kent and Queen 
 Annes and Talbot counties. 
 
 "On the 24th of November, 1766, for in- 
 stance, a race was run at Chestertown for a purse 
 of one hundred pistoles, expressly offered by 
 the gentlemen of the place, in order to bring 
 together 'the two most famous horses on this Con- 
 tinent'. These were Yorick of Virginia, and 
 Selim of Maryland. Yorick had started for 
 and won seven matches and plates, whilst Selim 
 had never been beaten. The race was for four- 
 mile heats; it was witnessed by an immense 
 crowd from every part of the country and was 
 won by the Maryland horse. 
 
 "Governor Ogle was one of the earliest to 
 import English thoroughbred stallions; but his 
 example was soon followed by others. Figure, 
 a horse that had never been beaten and had won 
 purses at Preston and Carlisle, in England, was 
 
 'Oxford, Maryland. 
 
28 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 run at Annapolis in 1767, by his owner, Dr. 
 Hamilton. The usual subscription purse at 
 Annapolis was one hundred guineas. The races 
 generally lasted a week ( ?) and were invariably 
 closed with a ball at the Assembly-rooms, while 
 Hallam and Henry's Dramatic Company usu- 
 ally managed to be on hand during the race week 
 at Annapolis and Marlborough, and sometimes 
 at Chestertown. These races were great gather- 
 ings always Endurance rather than speed 
 
 was the quality expected of the racers. They 
 were wanted for service far more than for 
 dash.'" 
 
 Scharf may well have added that during 
 this period prior to the Revolutionary War, 
 Maryland horses ran advertised matches at or 
 near Upper and Lower Marlborough, Bladens- 
 burg, Piscataway, Nottingham, Rock Creek, and 
 Queen Anne Town, in Prince Georges County; 
 at Port Tobacco and New Port, in Charles 
 County; at Leonardtown, in St. Marys County; 
 at Frederick Town and Georgetown, in Fred- 
 erick County; at Oxford and Talbot County 
 Courthouse,' in Talbot County; at Charlestown, 
 in Cecil County; at Broad Creek, on Kent 
 Island; at Gloucester and Alexandria, in Vir- 
 ginia; at Philadelphia, in Pennsylvania, as well 
 as at Baltimore, Annapolis, Elk Ridge, Chester- 
 town, et cetera. Some of the earliest races of 
 
 "Scharf's "History of Maryland", II. 73. 
 'Now, Easton, Maryland. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonud Days 2g 
 
 this period were run in connection with County 
 "Fairs." The regular matches will be described 
 under the chapter dealing with the '^Annals of 
 the Turf in Colonial Maryland." 
 
 The practical results of these races were "to 
 encourage and improve the breed of fine horses". 
 They were patronized by the Governors of the 
 Province as early as we have any information 
 through the channels of the newspapers, and 
 were encouraged by many among the most re- 
 spectable characters of the times. Governors, 
 Councillors, Legislators and gentlemen were 
 engaged in the laudable and fascinating sports 
 of the turf. 
 
 The first announcement of public horse-rac- 
 ing at or near Annapolis, of which we have a 
 record, is advertised in the Maryland Gazette 
 of May 17th, 1745. It reads as follows: "Notice 
 is hereby given. That on Thursday and Friday, 
 the 30th and 31st Days of this Instant May, will 
 be Run for at John Conner's in Anne Arundel 
 County, the Sum of Ten Pounds Currency, the 
 first Day; and on the following Day, will be 
 Run for at the same Place, the Sum of Five 
 Pounds Currency: By any Horse, Mare or 
 Gelding [Old Ranter and Limber-Sides ex- 
 cepted) ; to carry 115 pounds, three heats, the 
 course Two Miles. 
 
 "The Horses &c., to be Entered with John 
 Conner, before 10 o'clock in the Forenoon of 
 each Day of Running: paying Entrance Money 
 
30 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 15 s. the first Day, and 10 s. the Day following." 
 
 We are not informed how this race came ofif, 
 and I have not been able to obtain any additional 
 indisputable data relating to the earlier history 
 of the two horses, Old Ranter and Limber Sides, 
 beyond the mere mention of their exclusion from 
 the running; but it is likely that they were 
 horses of considerable local celebrity. John 
 Conner's place, where these races were run, was 
 a public house about seven miles from London 
 town, toward West River. Ridgely, in his "An- 
 nals of Annapolis", says it was probably, at the 
 place so well known as "Redmile's Tavern." 
 
 In September of the same year (1745), the 
 Gazette advertises: "A Fair will be kept at 
 Mr. Murdock's Old Fields, near Queen Anne 
 Town, Prince Georges County" ; on the first day 
 of the Fair, a race to be run for Thirty Pounds 
 Current Money, and on the second day another 
 for Twenty Pounds. The horses to be entered 
 with Mr. William Beall at Queen Anne, and all 
 dififerences and disputes to be determined by 
 Thomas Harwood and Thomas Brooke, Jr. 
 
 As stated by Scharf and by Ridgely, about 
 this period a jockey-club was instituted at An- 
 napolis, consisting of many principal gentlemen 
 in this and in the adjacent provinces, some of 
 whom, in order to encourage the breed of this 
 noble animal, imported from England, at a very 
 great expense, horses of high reputation. This 
 
Blooded Florscs of Colonial Days Jl 
 
 club existed for many years/ The race-course 
 at this time and for a number of years after, was 
 located in that part of Annapolis just beyond the 
 spot where Severe's blacksmith-shop formerly 
 stood, embracing a circle of one mile, taking in 
 all that portion of the town now built up. Sub- 
 sequently, the course was removed to a field 
 some short distance beyond the city, on which 
 course some of the most celebrated horses ever 
 known in America have run. 
 
 But horse-racing was not confined to the 
 more populous sections of provincial Maryland 
 that border on the Chesapeake bay and its tribu- 
 taries. As far to the westward as Frederick 
 County, which in pre-revolutionary days em- 
 braced all the territory now known as Western 
 Maryland, the sports of the turf were popular 
 at an early period. Frederick County, settled 
 largely by immigrants from southern Maryland, 
 and named in honor of Prince Frederick, heir 
 apparent to the English throne, was erected in 
 1748. Frederick Town, which became the 
 county-seat, had been laid out in 1745. 
 
 On 26 April 1749, only four years after the 
 town was laid out, the old Maryland Gazette 
 advertises: "To be Run for at Frederick Town 
 in Frederick County, A Subscription of Twenty- 
 Eight Pounds, Two Shillings and sixpence, on 
 May 9th; Ten Pounds on May loth; and Three 
 
 ^It is the author's opinion that some sort of organized racing 
 association existed at Annapolis as early as the years 1740-1743. 
 
32 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Pounds, Two Shillings and sixpence, on May 
 nth, etc., the horses &c. to carry weight for 
 inches, and the winning horses to be excepted 
 each day." The racers were to be entered with 
 Kennedy Farrell, and differences and disputes 
 decided by John Darnall, Esq., and Captain 
 Nathaniel Wickham. 
 
 Scharf, in his History of Western Maryland, 
 vol. I, page 490, relates that "on an extremely 
 hot day in the month of August, 1760, a remark- 
 able race was run from Frederick Town to An- 
 napolis, by a large horse with a man on his 
 back, and a small mare with a boy, for the sum 
 of seventy-five pistoles, fifty to twenty-five being 
 laid on the horse, which won, performing it in 
 exactly eleven hours, four of which the two 
 contestants travelled very gently together. The 
 course was probably over the old wagon-road 
 leading from Monocacy to Annapolis, and could 
 scarcely have been less than seventy-five miles. 
 The horses, of course, must have stopped for 
 forage and refreshment, and the question of en- 
 durance rather than speed must have been the 
 incentive to action. 
 
 In the year 1747, Samuel Ogle returned with 
 his family after a five years' sojourn in England, 
 holding a new commission as Governor of Mary- 
 land, and from that time horse-racing, "the 
 sport of kings", became the king of sport in 
 
 'The Md. Gazette, of 14 Aug. 1760, refers to this "remarkable 
 race, or journey," and gives the distance as 75 or 80 miles. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 33 
 
 Maryland. Governor Ogle was emulated by 
 Colonel Benjamin Tasker, Jr., his young brother- 
 in-law; by Dr. Thomas Hamilton of Prince 
 Georges County; by Sam Galloway of "Tulip 
 Hill", West River, a true sportsman and devoted 
 patron of the turf; and last, but by no means 
 least. Governor Horatio Sharpe, who did so 
 much to encourage the sport during his admin- 
 istration of the Government of Maryland. 
 
 In a little while, Colonel John Tayloe 2nd"', 
 known as the founder of "Mt. Airy", in Rich- 
 mond County, Virginia, a great turf-patron sent 
 his best English-bred racers into this Province 
 to contend against the classic steeds of the Mary- 
 land gentlemen, and horse-racing and horse- 
 breeding received an impetus that endured for 
 many years thereafter. As this story proceeds, 
 it may be well to know something concerning 
 these foremost sportsmen who ranked, either in 
 public or in social life, with the best of their 
 time." 
 
 "His son, Col. John Tayloe, 3rd, of Mt. Airy, married 
 Ann Ogle, granddaughter of Governor Samuel Ogle, of Maryland. 
 
 "In colonial times, only "gentlemen" were presumed to race 
 their horses. In the 17th Century, a tailor was fined in Virginia 
 for engaging his horse in a match, because it was unlawful for 
 "a laborer to make a race, being a sport only for gentlemen" 
 {Va. Mag. II. 294). 
 
Colonial Maryland's Foremost 
 Turf Patrons 
 
 Governor Samuel Ogle, 
 
 The Founder of '^Belair" . 
 
 Ogle is an odd name. It is of Scandinavian 
 origin, and its Middle English variants are 
 Ogile, Ouglie, Owglie, etc., from which our 
 modern spelling of the word "ugly" is derived. 
 An "ogle" man {oglie man), meant an ugly 
 man, but not in the modern sense of the term. 
 It did not necessarily connote "ill-natured", 
 and certainly not the later colloquial develop- 
 ment of "ill-favored". The original Ogle was, 
 simply, a "man to be feared". 
 
 "The family came into prominence in the 
 1 2th century, when its head held the lordship of 
 Oggil, in Northumberland. It gained fame in 
 the border warfare in Scotland. When in 
 August, 1 341, David Bruce made an incursion 
 as far south as New Castle, Sir Robert de Ogle, 
 then head of the family, lived up to his name 
 and won distinction by capturing five Scottish 
 knights, for which exploit Edward III gave 
 him permission to castellate his manor house at 
 Ogle. Some remains of the castle and its double 
 
j6 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 moat are still at Marpeth. The peerage became 
 extinct." (Oliphant). 
 
 Samuel Ogle, son of Samuel Ogle, Esq., of 
 Northumberland County, England, was born in 
 1694 and died 3 May, 1752, at Annapolis, Mary- 
 land. He was commissioned at London, on 16 
 September, 173 1, Governor of his Lordship's 
 Province of Maryland, and took the oath of of- 
 fice at the house of the Honorable Benedict 
 Leonard Calvert, Esq., in the City of Annapolis, 
 on the 7th day of December, following. He 
 served successively, with a few months' intermis- 
 sion, from 1 73 1 to 1742. 
 
 In 1741, Governor Ogle married, at the age 
 of forty-seven years, Ann Tasker, then aged 
 eighteen, daughter of the Hon. Benjamin 
 Tasker, Sr., by his wife Ann Bladen, the sister 
 of Thomas Bladen, who was Governor of Mary- 
 land, 1742- 1747.' Upon the appointment of 
 Governor Bladen to that office, Samuel Ogle re- 
 paired to England with his young bride, re- 
 maining there until his resumption, for the third 
 time, of the office of Governor of Maryland, in 
 
 1747- 
 
 The Maryland Gazette of 3 March, 1747, 
 
 announces the news of a report "that a man-of- 
 war is bringing his Excellency, Samuel Ogle, 
 Esq., with his Lady and Family on board, bound 
 to Annapolis, with a Commission to resume the 
 Government of the Province: his Excellency, 
 
 'Later, became a member of Parliament. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days J7 
 
 the present Governor (Bladen) designing for 
 England this Spring." Two weeks later, his 
 Majesty's ship the "Foulkstone" arrived within 
 the Capes, with Samuel Ogle, his Lady and 
 family, who were shortly after transferred to 
 Captain GrindalTs vessel, the "Neptune", and 
 brought to the landing at Annapolis, where they 
 were received by a number of gentlemen, amid 
 the salutes from the Town guns and from sundry 
 ships in the river. On i6 March, 1747, His 
 Honor, attended by his Excellency Thomas 
 Bladen, the retiring Governor, and his Lord- 
 ship's honorable Council and others, proceeded 
 to the Council Chamber, where his commission, 
 appointing him Lieutenant General and Chief 
 Governor of the Province and Avalon, was 
 opened and published. 
 
 Governor Ogle, as we have remarked, was 
 an early patron of the turf, and it was upon the 
 occasion of this return to Maryland, in 1747, 
 that he brought over the celebrated Spark, pre- 
 sented to him by Lord Baltimore, to whom the 
 horse had come as a gift from Frederick, Prince 
 of Wales (the father of George IH) and the 
 reviver of the royal stud in England. Governor 
 Ogle likewise imported the famous English 
 brood-mare. Queen Mab. Thus the fashion for 
 English thoroughbred horses was introduced 
 into Maryland under royal auspices, as befitted 
 a Proprietary Government invested with palat- 
 inate authority. 
 
jS Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 During the years 1745 and 1746, while 
 Samuel Ogle was still in England, he requested 
 his father-in-law, Hon. Benjamin Tasker, St., 
 to have built for him a two-story brick mansion 
 on his (Ogle's) estate in Prince Georges County, 
 Maryland, known as "Belair". This property, 
 a resurvey of an older tract called "Catton", 
 consisted originally of 1410 acres of land, grant- 
 ed under a special warrant of resurvey in 1719, 
 to Rev. Jacob Henderson,' an Episcopal clergy- 
 man then of Prince Georges County, and pat- 
 ented to the latter, in 1721, under the name of 
 "Belair". Mr. Henderson sold the estate sixteen 
 years later to Samuel Ogle and Benjamin 
 Tasker, Sr., jointly, and a few months after- 
 wards. Ogle became the sole owner through 
 purchase of Tasker's interest in the tract. To 
 this property he added one hundred acres of 
 "Enfield Chase", a one hundred and sixty-seven 
 acres parcel called "Woodcock Range", "Lar- 
 kin's Forest" (400 acres) and "Ridgely's Ad- 
 dition" (100 acres), all being contiguous tracts, 
 in Prince Georges County, and amounting to a 
 total of 2177 acres. "Belair"' proper, the colo- 
 nial seat of the Ogle family, contained 1410 acres 
 and is described in Lord Batimore's Re?it Roll 
 
 "His wife was the thrice-married Mary Stanton, who married 
 (i) Mareen Duvall (d. 1694) : (2) Colonel Henry Ridgely 
 (d. 1710) and (3) Rev. Jacob Henderson, all of Prince Georges 
 County, Md. Rev. Mr. Henderson owned some fine horses. 
 
 "The name of this estate is spelled variously in the colonial 
 records; as Bellair, Bellaire, etc., but the modern spelling has 
 been adopted, for the sake of uniformity, throughout these pages. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 30 
 
 as situated "about a mile from the west side of 
 the north branch of the Patuxent", not far from 
 the site of the present Bowie Station. The popu- 
 lar yarn that "Belair" came as a wedding-gift 
 from Hon. Benjamin Tasker, Sr., to his daugh- 
 ter Ann and her husband, Samuel Ogle, is sheer 
 romance. 
 
 The original two-story brick house, at "Be- 
 lair", was built for Governor Samuel Ogle in 
 the year 1746, and is in a state of perfect preser- 
 vation. After Ogle's return from England in 
 1747, he added a brick structure about forty feet 
 square and two stories high, built by way of an 
 "L" shaped wing, containing a kitchen and 
 other offices for servants. The latter building 
 has been destroyed but evidences of its former 
 existence remain. In recent years, the original 
 mansion has been flanked on either side with 
 wings, harmoniously blending with the original 
 design, and is owned and occupied as an oc- 
 casional home by Mr. William Woodward, a 
 New York gentleman of Maryland ancestry. 
 That Prince Georges County in colonial times 
 became pre-eminently the "horse-breeding sec- 
 tion of Maryland", was due to "Belair", so long 
 famed in the annals of the turf, from the middle 
 of the Eighteenth Century. 
 
 Governor Ogle died, sincerely lamented, at 
 Annapolis, in 1752. The inventory of his estate 
 mentions over twenty horses of various sorts, 
 and the Gazette of 5 October, 1752, advertised 
 
40 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 a sale by public vendue to be conducted "at the 
 plantation of the late Governor Ogle in Prince 
 Georges County", of a parcel of his slaves and 
 live stock including "the fine English Horse 
 and Mare and several Mares and Colts of the 
 English breed." 
 
 Besides his widow, Mrs. Ann (Tasker) Ogle, 
 and two daughters, one of whom married John 
 Ridout, Secretary to Governor Sharpe, the de- 
 ceased left a son, Benjamin Ogle, a child of 
 three years, and the heir to his estates. Mrs. 
 Ogle, the widow, was a sister to Colonel Ben- 
 jamin Tasker, Jr., turf patron and horse-breeder, 
 who died unmarried in 1760, at the age of forty 
 years; to Rebecca Tasker, who married Daniel 
 Dulany, the younger ; to Elizabeth Tasker, who 
 married Christopher Lowndes, and to Frances 
 Tasker, who married Robert Carter, Esq., of 
 Virginia. 
 
 Colonel Benjamin Tasker, Jr. 
 
 Tasker is a name that has come down to us 
 from the Middle English period. The word 
 had reference to one who performed service by 
 "tasked work", and was applied to a "tasker" 
 (thrasher, or thresher). Our earliest Tasker, 
 therefore, was a man who busied himself in urg- 
 ing the flail. The first of the name in Maryland 
 was Captain Thomas Tasker, of an armigerous 
 family in England, who was Justice of Calvert 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 41 
 
 County from 1685 to 1692; member of the As- 
 sembly from 1692 to 1697; member of the Gov- 
 ernor's council from 1699 until his death in 
 1700. Besides the aforementioned appointments, 
 he held the ofBces of a Justice of the Provincial 
 Court in 1694, of Treasurer of the Province in 
 1695, and was a Captain of the Foot Militia in 
 Calvert County in 1689/ His son Benjamin 
 Tasker (1690-1768) married in 171 1, Ann 
 Bladen, of that well known family, and had 
 ten children, of whom five died in infancy. 
 Those who arrived at maturity were Colonel 
 Benjamin, Jr., who predeceased his father, leav- 
 ing behind him neither widow nor issue; and 
 four daughters, one of whom, Ann, became the 
 wife of Governor Samuel Ogle, as we have al- 
 ready stated. 
 
 When Governor Ogle died in 1752, at the 
 age of 58 years, his widow was only 29, and his 
 son and heir, Benjamin Ogle, a child of three 
 years. The child's maternal grandfather, Hon. 
 Benjamin Tasker, Sr., and his uncle. Colonel 
 Benjamin Tasker, Jr. (a young man of 32 years 
 of age), were appointed joint executors of the 
 will and guardians of the infant. Shortly after 
 the death of Governor Ogle, Colonel Tasker en- 
 
 *Captain Thomas Tasker possessed little property when he 
 first settled in the Province. The old law of primogeniture, 
 advantageous in some respects, occasioned hardships in others. It 
 sent to our shores men possessing initiative and fortitude: it also 
 brought hither the "tiffity-taffety ne'er-do-wells". But the fittest 
 alone survived and prospered. 
 
42 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 tered and took possession of the house and plan- 
 tation known as "Belair", ostensibly for the 
 benefit of the infant Ogle heir. 
 
 Contrary to the general belief, the dwelling- 
 house at Annapolis, in which Governor Samuel 
 Ogle died, was not the latter's property and his 
 widow not having a house was compelled to re- 
 sort to "Belair", in Prince Georges County, 
 where she remained for two years, until a home 
 suitable for the rearing of her family could be 
 procured. Young Benjamin Ogle, when scarce- 
 ly ten years old, was sent over to England to be 
 educated, and his uncle. Colonel Tasker, con- 
 tinued in the use and enjoyment of "Belair", 
 adding a park for deer, improving the property 
 generally, and receiving the profits out of the 
 estate, just as if it were actually his own, until 
 his death in 1760. Colonel Tasker believed, evi- 
 dently, that young Ogle would prefer to reside 
 in England, permanently, and would not care 
 to be inconvenienced with the management of 
 so large an estate, so remotely situated; for, some 
 years prior to the Colonel's death, he had en- 
 tered with his father, as joint executors and 
 guardians, into a deed of "bargain and sale" 
 whereby he acquired the property. It must be 
 presumed that they anticipated, on the part of 
 the infant heir, a ratification of this transaction, 
 when the latter should have attained the legal 
 age. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 43 
 
 Colonel Tasker meanwhile having died un- 
 married and without issue, his property and in- 
 terests, according to devise, fell to his surviving 
 sisters, including the widow Ogle, the mother of 
 Benjamin Ogle, the heir. Hon. Benjamin 
 Tasker, Sr., however, maintained his residence 
 at "Belair", paying a rental of £102 sterling per 
 annum, until his death in 1768, whereupon his 
 daughter, Mrs. Ogle, and certain of her sisters, 
 entered and occupied the premises. In 1770, 
 Benjamin Ogle attained his majority' and, in 
 the following year, demanded an accounting 
 and the restoration of his estates, by legal pro- 
 cesses, in which he was eventually successful. 
 He, afterwards, became Governor of Maryland. 
 
 On behalf of the Taskers, father and son, 
 both of whom were dead when Benjamin Ogle 
 became "of age", it must be recorded that there 
 is not the slightest evidence of a conspiracy on 
 their part to defraud the young Ogle heir in the 
 matter of his estates. 
 
 Colonel Tasker, it is true, worked the land 
 at "Belair", but he did neither exhaust nor de- 
 preciate it. On the contrary, he improved the 
 estate generally, and, in particular, he cleared 
 meadow ground; converted some of the arable 
 land into pasture by sowing the same with clover 
 and other seeds; at a considerable expense, en- 
 
 "Benjamin Ogle was born at Annapolis, Md., 7 February 
 1748/9 (Chancery Records). 
 
44 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 closed with posts, rails and paling, a park for 
 deer; planted a large garden with pear trees and 
 a two-acre vineyard with vine-cuttings (the 
 place was sometimes referred to as "Colonel 
 Tasker's Vineyard"). He planted locust and 
 poplar avenues to the mansion, built a stable, 
 a large milk house and a very good barn (to re- 
 place one that was blown down) ; erected a 
 horse mill for grinding corn and wheat, and 
 likewise a cider mill, besides sinking a deep 
 well near the house, and fixing thereat a leaden 
 pump with a double list. A remnant of old 
 spouting on the mansion still bears the marks of 
 the year 1757, which some have erroneously 
 taken as indicating the year the house was built. 
 
 These improvements were accomplished at a 
 very appreciable outlay, regardless of the fact 
 that the labor was performed chiefly by slaves 
 on the estate. The net profits derived by Colonel 
 Tasker from rentals and from working the land 
 must have been comparatively small. His prin- 
 cipal profits were realized from the young horses 
 which he bred at "Belair". Under Colonel 
 Tasker's management, the Ogle estate became 
 a place worth while, and one that was resorted 
 to, time and again by the most prominent gen- 
 tlemen of that day. 
 
 A "society news" item of the olden time, in 
 the Maryland Gazette, of Annapolis, under date 
 of Thursday, 24 July, 1755, announces: 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 45 
 
 "Tuesday morning last, his Excellency our 
 Governor set out from hence for Frederick 
 County, and lodged that night at Col. Tasker's 
 (the late Governor Ogle's) Seat, at Bellair. We 
 hear his Excellency intends for Fort Cumber- 
 land." This item is interesting, moreover, as 
 a reminder of those times — the days of the old 
 French War. Braddock's defeat had occurred 
 only two weeks prior to this visit of Governor 
 Sharpe at "Belair". 
 
 During Colonel Tasker's occupancy of "Be- 
 lair", he raced his famous mare, the imported 
 Selima, and maintained there his celebrated 
 stud of pedigreed race-horses of the English 
 breed, from which stock many of the finest 
 racers and breeders in America originated. It 
 has been said that Colonel Tasker, like Colonel 
 Tayloe, of Mt. Airy, built for himself a private 
 race-track on the estate, but the evidence of this 
 is not conclusive. As "Belair" was handed down 
 through the Ogles, the Bowies, and their heirs 
 or their successors, it continued to maintain its 
 ancient reputation and renown. 
 
 Samuel Galloway. 
 
 Samuel Galloway, Esq., of "Tulip Hill", 
 West River, in Ann Arundel County, a contem- 
 porary of the Ogles and the Taskers, and an 
 intimate friend of the latter family, was another 
 
46 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 noted devotee of the turf in Maryland. He was 
 the son of John Galloway and Mary Thomas 
 his wife, and was descended from Richard Gal- 
 loway, of London, England. About the year 
 1745, he married Ann Chew, sister to Benjamin 
 Chew. The Galloways and the Chews are well 
 known Maryland families, with Quaker pre- 
 dilections. A few years after his marriage, Sam 
 Galloway built "Tulip Hill", on West River. 
 He owned the celebrated Selim, the best horse 
 of his time. It was said of Sam Galloway that 
 "he was as true a sportsman as any the olden 
 times of 1750 to 1784 could furnish." 
 
 Doctor Thomas Hamilton. 
 
 Doctor Thomas Hamilton was another lead- 
 ing Maryland turf patron of this period, and 
 a resident of Prince Georges County. He was 
 the owner of the celebrated horse, Figure, of 
 whom it was once said: "he never lost a race". 
 Another noted horse owned by Dr. Hamilton 
 was the imported Dove. He also owned the 
 bay horse imported Ranger, and the bay mares 
 Primrose and Harmony, of good pedigree. The 
 two last mentioned, however, were not distin- 
 guished on the turf. Ranger was ofifered for 
 sale privately, by Dr. Hamilton, in June 1767. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 47 
 
 Governor Horatio Sharpe. 
 
 Governor Horatio Sharpe was a patron of 
 the turf and encouraged racing in Maryland 
 by giving small purses and running his horses 
 matches as long ago as the French War. About 
 the year 1757, he imported" the famous stallion 
 Othello. Ogle's Spark and Sharpe's Othello 
 were the earliest stallions of renown in Mary- 
 land. Othello got Selim (Galloway's), "the 
 best horse of his time." Governor Sharpe also 
 owned Britannia, full sister to True Briton, by 
 the imported Othello. 
 
 These names, Ogle, Tasker, Galloway, 
 Hamilton and Sharpe, are the first of import- 
 ance in Maryland turf annals. They were soon 
 followed in celebrity by the names of Mr. Cal- 
 vert, owner of Regulus; Mr. Hall, owner of 
 Fearnaught; Colonel Lloyd, owner of Traveller 
 and Nancy Bywell; Mr. MacGill, owner of 
 Nonpareil; Colonel Sim, owner of JVildair, and 
 by Governor Eden, owner of Why Not. At the 
 same time, Virginia, famous for her horses as 
 well as for her great statesmen, furnishes the 
 names of Colonels Tayloe, Byrd, Thornton and 
 others, who frequently contended against Mary- 
 land for the supremacy on the turf. Colonel 
 
 'A writer in the American Turf Register, VI. 332, denies that 
 Othello was imported into this country, but the denial is not sup- 
 ported by any authority and contradicts contemporary testimony 
 and pedigrees. 
 
4^ Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 (afterwards General) George Washington was 
 a great admirer of fine horses, and loved speed 
 contests. During the early "Seventies" he came 
 up regularly for the races at Annapolis, attend- 
 ed the theatre and the balls given on those oc- 
 casions, and was hospitably entertained by the 
 social leaders of the town/ 
 
 'Washington's "Journal." 
 
cq rt 
 
 
 ta 
 
Some Famous Horses o/the 
 Olden Time 
 
 The Godolphin Arabian. 
 
 The three great progenitors of English and 
 American racers and thoroughbreds were the 
 Godolphin Arabian, the Darley Arabian and 
 the Byerly Turk. The blood of Lord Godol- 
 phin's Arabian has coursed in the veins of many 
 Maryland race-horses and their produce to this 
 day and he is particularly noteworthy here as 
 the ancestor of the celebrated Selima, Fear- 
 naught, etc. Although he was not actually im- 
 ported into this country, he deserves special 
 mention. He is said to have been foaled in 
 1724, and was imported into France from some 
 capital or royal stud in Barbary. He was long 
 thought to be an Arabian, but his points more 
 resemble the highest breed of Barbs. He was 
 fifteen hands in height, of great substance, of 
 the truest conformation for strength and action, 
 bearing every indication of a real courser, a 
 horse of the desert. His color was entire brown- 
 bay, with mottles on the buttocks and crest, ex- 
 cepting a small streak of white upon the hinder 
 heels. 
 
so Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 He is supposed to have been stolen, and was 
 imported into France, where, it is said, he was so 
 little valued that he was actually employed in 
 the drudgery of drawing a cart in the streets of 
 Paris. A Mr. Coke alias Colonel Cook, brought 
 him over from France into England about 1730, 
 and gave him to Roger Williams, the proprietor 
 of the St. James Coffee-house, by whom he was 
 presented to the Earl of Godolphin. He died 
 25 December, 1753, at the age of 29 years. 
 
 The Godolphin Arabian and the renowned 
 Darley Arabian were reputed among turfmen 
 to be the most celebrated and valuable for their 
 blood and high form as stallions, and were for 
 many years the source of our best racing blood. 
 
 Spark. 
 
 Ogle's Spark — was imported from England 
 into Maryland in 1747, by Governor Samuel 
 Ogle, who also imported the brood-mare Queen 
 Mab. Spark came from the royal stud in Eng- 
 land, whose promoter was Frederick, Prince of 
 Wales (father of George HI). As we have 
 stated, this horse came as a gift from the Prince 
 to Lord Baltimore, in England, who presented 
 him to Governor Ogle. Spark got some good 
 stock. 
 
 Othello. 
 
 Sharpe's Othello— Governor Sharpe, of 
 Maryland, who encouraged racing, imported 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 5/ 
 
 into the province the famous stallion Othello* 
 that was got by Mr. Panton's Crab, in England, 
 out of the Duke of Somerset's favorite brood- 
 mare Miss Slamerkin. Othello was foaled in 
 1743, and sold to the Earl of Portmore. In 
 1749, he won four King's plates, besides other 
 purses. Othello may be regarded as the ''Go- 
 dolphin Arabian' of Maryland. His grand- 
 dam was Lord Oxford's Dun Arabian; his great 
 granddam a royal mare. He was a beautiful 
 black, fifteen hands high and very strong. He 
 was stationed in Virginia, at James River, in 
 1 76 1. He got Selim, "the best horse of his 
 time," and the dam of Mark Anthony. As we 
 have said before, Ogle's Spark and Sharpe's 
 Othello were the earliest stallions of renown in 
 Maryland. 
 
 SELIMA. 
 
 Tasker's Selima — Colonel Benjamin Tasker, 
 Jr., imported this famous daughter of the 
 Godolphin Arabian known as Tasker's Selima, 
 foaled in 1746. She was invincible on the turf 
 and became equally distinguished as a breeder. 
 As with her sire in England, her blood flows in 
 the veins of almost every racehorse of distinc- 
 tion that has run in this country from that day 
 to the present. 
 
 "The late Judge G. Duvall, of "Marietta," Maryland, whose 
 memory went back to pre-Revolutionary days, stated in 1833, 
 that Othello was imported about 1757, from England, where he 
 had raced prior to his coming to America. 
 
$2 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Selima was bred by Lord Godolphin, and is 
 supposed to have been full sister to Babraham. 
 She was dam of Galloway's matchless Selim, of 
 Brent's remarkable Ebony and of Stella, all by 
 the imported Othello, and of other steeds well 
 known in their time. 
 
 It has been said that Colonel Tasker had 
 such an uninterrupted career of success both in 
 Maryland and in Virginia, that Maryland-bred 
 horses were excluded from the Jockey Club 
 purses in the latter colony; whereupon he sent 
 his mares to foal in Virginia, and in the course 
 of a few years, renewed his conquests with Vir- 
 ginia-bred horses. 
 
 Selim. 
 
 Galloway's Selim — the "get" of Sharpe's im- 
 ported Othello and Tasker's imported Selima — 
 was foaled in 1759, and was purchased by 
 Samuel Galloway, of "Tulip Hill", West River, 
 Maryland. Selim, the first of the "get" of 
 Othello in America, was a tried and approved 
 racer, beating every horse of his day until he 
 was nine years old, and was a beautiful and 
 valuable stallion of deserved celebrity; of a 
 dark bay color, a little rising fifteen hands high. 
 He was in Virginia from 1770 to 1780, and be- 
 came the ancestor of a valuable race of horses. 
 
 Selim when eight years old, made a great 
 running at Philadelphia in 1767, and in the 
 opinion of a sportsman of that period, "it is be- 
 lieved that this running was never exceeded, if 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days S3 
 
 equalled, in this country." Carrying 140 pounds, 
 he ran a four mile heat," over an unusually heavy 
 course, in 8 minutes and 2 seconds. Standardiz- 
 ing the weight at nine stone and computing the 
 course exactly, Selim would have made a record 
 of a mile in two minutes on this course. 
 
 Selim was beaten by Hamilton's Figure in 
 1768, at Upper Marlborough, but the former 
 horse was in bad condition, having been lately 
 cured of the distemper in the throat. 
 
 Figure. 
 
 Hamilton's Figure — foaled in 1757, was 
 bred by his Grace the Duke of Hamilton. He 
 was got by Old Figure (whose sire was an 
 Arabian). His dam was Mariamne. He was 
 a bay horse, ic^Vi hands in height. When five 
 years old. Figure won a 50 1. at Newcastle-upon- 
 Tyne, beating Mr. Hudson's chestnut horse Fel- 
 low and five others. The same year, he won 
 I another 50 1. at the town of Rugland. In 1763, 
 I he received premiums at Preston and Carlisle, 
 I in Old England. When six and seven years old 
 ^he won 50 1. prizes at Lancaster and Sterling, 
 respectively. He ran well in England and 
 JScotland, never was beaten, and eventually, no 
 fhorse would start against him. 
 
 Figure was imported into Maryland by Dr. 
 Thomas Hamilton, of "Mount Calvert Manor", 
 
 ^°The Philadelphia track was a little short of two miles in 
 length, but it was called a "two mile" course. 
 
B4 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Prince Georges County, in the autumn of 1765. 
 In the following year he won the purse at An- 
 napolis, and in 1768, when eleven years old, he 
 won the purse at Upper Marlborough, beating 
 Mr. Galloway's Selim. These two are the only 
 races he ran in America. Dr. Hamilton sold 
 him a few years afterwards to a gentleman in 
 New Jersey. The last time he is mentioned, was 
 at Philadelphia, in 1774. 
 
 Dove was another of Dr. Hamilton's im- 
 portations. He was got by Young Cade, his 
 dam by Teazer, his grand dam by Scawing's 
 Arabian, and out of the Gardiner mare that 
 won six royal plates. 
 
 Ariel and Traveller. 
 
 Tasker's Ariel and Traveller — both were 
 bred by Colonel Benjamin Tasker, and were 
 got by Mr. Morton's Traveller, the former out 
 of Selima, the latter out of Miss Colvill. Tasker's 
 Traveller is described as a fine, strong horse, a 
 good bay, and upwards of 16 hands high. Ariel 
 was sire of the stallion. Smiling Billy, the prop- 
 erty of Howard Duvall, of Prince Georges 
 County, Maryland. 
 
 There were other horses during this period, 
 that were favorably knownl in Maryland, as 
 racers, as well as for their breed, but the fore- 
 going were, by all odds, the most prominent 
 of established pedigrees. 
 
Annals of the Turf in Colonial 
 Maryland' 
 
 1745 
 
 The first regular horse-race at or near An- 
 napolis, to be publicly announced in the news- 
 papers (of which the files are extant) was ad- 
 vertised in the columns of the Maryland Ga- 
 zette of 17 May, 1745. This racing was 
 scheduled for the two last days of May, near 
 the home of one John Conners, in Anne Arundel 
 County; the first day's purse, ten pounds cur- 
 rency; the second day's purse, five pounds. The 
 result of the races and the names of the entries 
 were not made public. 
 
 In September, of the same year, the Gazette 
 advertised a race to be run near Queen Anne 
 Town, Prince Georges County, for the sum of 
 thirty pounds current money the first day, and 
 twenty pounds the second day. 
 
 1747 
 
 In September, at Annapolis, a match for 50 
 guineas was run by the Governor's (Ogle's) bay 
 
 '"Maryland Gazette" {passim) : "American Turf Register", 
 et cetera. 
 
$6 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 gelding and Colonel Plater's grey stallion, and 
 won by the former. 
 
 1751 
 
 Mr. Ignatius Digges' bay horse Vendome 
 beat Mr. Harrison's grey horse Bean in a match 
 for 60 guineas. Heats, two miles and a half. 
 
 1752 
 
 The first race of note, of which we have any 
 account, was won by Colonel Tasker's imported 
 mare Selima, when six years old, at Annapolis, 
 in May 1752. Her contestant was Captain 
 Butler's' Creeping Kate. The prize offered was 
 40 pounds. 
 
 In December, following, at Gloucester, in 
 Virginia, Selima beat Colonel Byrd's Trial (on 
 which a challenge had been offered against any 
 horse that could be brought). Colonel Tayloe's 
 imported Jenny Cameron and his imported 
 horse, Childers, and a mare of Colonel Thorn- 
 ton's, — a sweepstakes, 500 pistoles, four miles. 
 This race marks the beginning of the competi- 
 tion between Maryland and Virginia in the 
 annals of the turf. 
 
 1754 
 In March of this year. Governor Sharpe 
 set forth on a month's tour through the four 
 
 ^Perhaps, Captain Peter Butler, of Frederick County, Mary- 
 land. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days SJ 
 
 lower counties of the Eastern Shore,' and was 
 everywhere deferentially received and hos- 
 pitably entertained. On April 15th, his Excel- 
 lency's gift of 20 pounds was run for near Tal- 
 bot County Courthouse, by four horses. A large 
 assembly of people was in attendance on the 
 race-ground, supposed to be upwards of 2000 
 horse, besides a great number of carriages. In 
 the middle of the ground was erected a stage, 
 about 60 feet in length and 20 in width, for the 
 reception of his Excellency and a number of 
 gentlemen and ladies, who could from thence 
 view the horses round the course. The prize 
 was won by a horse belonging to a Mr. Rice of 
 that County. 
 
 In September, following, at the Annapolis 
 race-course, his Excellency's gift of 20 pounds 
 was run for, with only two horses starting. Cap- 
 tain Hopper's horse Pleasure and Captain 
 Gantt's horse Buffaloe, and won by the latter. 
 
 1755-1764 
 
 During these years. New York, Pennsyl- 
 vania, Maryland and, particularly, Virginia, 
 were harassed by the French and Indian War 
 troubles along the frontiers, and the records of 
 the turf are either extremely scant or significant- 
 
 'Governor Sharpe made a close personal study of the people 
 whom he governed. In February, 1754, he visited Baltimore 
 town, and was received by) the citizens with demonstrations of 
 satisfaction. 
 
S8 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 ly silent. Even in normal times, whilst notice 
 of the time and place of the intended race was 
 always posted, the result and the name of the 
 winner were seldom made public through the 
 medium of the newspapers. 
 
 1759 
 
 In October, at Joppa, in Baltimore County, 
 there were three days of racing, the purses be- 
 ing 20 pistoles for the first day; ten pounds for 
 the second and six pounds for the third day. 
 The racers were to be entered with Isaac Ris- 
 teau and the owners were to pay one shilling in 
 the form of entrance money. Disputes, etc., to 
 be adjudicated by Colonel William Young and 
 James Christie. The results of this race were 
 not published. 
 
 1763 
 
 In April, at Harlem, New York, a great 
 race was run between True Briton (by imported 
 Othello) and Old England, when the latter was 
 distanced. This victory came as a great surprise 
 to certain New York turfmen who pretended 
 to regard Maryland-bred horses as "mongrel- 
 bred." 
 
 In the same month, at the Annapolis race- 
 course, a purse of 50 pistoles was run for, heats 
 four miles. Six competitors started, but the 
 race was won by Mr. Calvert's Jolly Chester, 
 who got the two first heats. 
 
 I 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 59 
 
 1764 
 
 In April, a match race, a single heat of four 
 miles, over the course at Upper Marlborough, 
 was run by Dr. Hamilton's imported horse 
 Dove and Mr. Tyler's Driver (by Othello, out 
 of a Spark mare) and won by the latter. 
 
 1766 
 
 In May, the 50 pistoles purse, four heats, 
 was run for at the Annapolis race-ground. Six 
 started for it, who came in, as follows: 
 
 Figure Dr. Hamilton's (aged, 10 st.) 2 — I — 2 — I 
 
 Trial Mr. (Hall's) Bullen's 
 
 (5 yrs., 9 St.) 3—2—1—2 
 
 Chester Mr. Yieldhall's (aged, 10 st.) 1—3—3—3 
 
 Britannia Mr. Gantt's dis. 
 
 Merry Andrezu Mr. Heath's dis. 
 
 Terror Major Sim's dis. 
 
 The first heat was won by a head. The 
 second day's race, for 30 pistoles, was won by 
 Mr. Calvert's horse Regulus, beating Dr. Ham- 
 ilton's imported horse. Ranger, and Mr. Tyler's 
 Driver. 
 
 In November, the gentlemen of Chester- 
 town, in Kent County, raised a purse of 100 
 pistoles, to be run for on the 24th, instant, with 
 a view of bringing together the two most cele- 
 brated horses on the continent, Selim of Mary- 
 land, and Yorick of Virginia. Selim was seven, 
 and Yorick six years old. Selim came in winner. 
 
6o Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 About this time Selim had gained such celeb- 
 rity as to be frequently excluded from the 
 races, as no competitor would start with him. 
 
 1767 
 
 In May, the 50 pistoles purse was run for on 
 the race-ground near Annapolis. Four started 
 for it, who came in as follows: 
 
 Traveller Colonel Tayloe's I — I 
 
 Trial Mr. Bullen's 3—2 
 
 Regulus Mr. Calvert's 2 — dis. 
 
 Ranger Dr. Hamilton's dis. 
 
 Four started the next day for the 30 pistoles, 
 viz: — 
 
 Fearnaught Mr. Hall's I — I 
 
 Trial Mr. Bullen's 3—2 
 
 "Shelaley" Mr. Bullen's 2—3 
 
 Sportsman Mr. Sprigg's 4 — dr. 
 
 In October, Selim, eight years old, carrying 
 140 pounds, won at Philadelphia, the loo 
 guineas purse, distancing the field — Old Eng- 
 land, Granby, and Northumberland. The first 
 heat, four miles, was run in 8 minutes and 2 
 seconds, Selim winning from Old England by a 
 single length. The second heat, after running 
 three miles close at the heels of Selim, Old 
 England flew the course. 
 
 1768 
 
 In May, at Upper Marlborough race-course, 
 the first day's match for 50 guineas was won 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 6l 
 
 by Notley Young's Gimcrack (got by Ariel) ; 
 the second day's match for lOO pounds was won 
 by Dr. Hamilton's imported Figure, beating the 
 famous Selim, out of condition, the first race he 
 lost; the third day's match for a purse of 25 
 pounds was won by Mr. MacGill's bay colt 
 Nonpareil, who won the heat with ease. 
 
 In September, following, MacGill's Non- 
 pareil, by imported Dove, became a successful 
 horse in Maryland, winning with ease the £100 
 purse at Leonardtown, in St. Marys County, 
 beating some of the most famous horses. 
 
 1769 
 
 In May, at the Annapolis race-track, a 
 sweepstake purse of 60 guineas was run for by 
 four year colts, and won by Dr. Hamilton's filly 
 Thistle. The next day, the subscription purse 
 of £100 two heats, was started for and resulted 
 as follows: 
 
 Mr. MacGill's Nonpareil i — i 
 
 Mr. Galloway's Selim 2 — 2 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's Ranger 3 — 3 
 
 In October following, the Annapolis sub- 
 scription purse of 50 guineas three heats, was 
 run for by several horses, who came in as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 Daniel McCarty's ch.g. Volunteer 5 — i — i 
 
 Samuel Galloway's b.h. Selim 3 — 2 — 2 
 
 Horatio Sharpe's gr.m. Britannia i — 4 — 3 
 
 Patrick MacGill's b.h. Nonpareil 2 — 3 — 4 
 
62 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Theo. Bland's bl.h. Brunswick 4 — dis. 
 
 John Tayloe's br.h. Juniper 6 — dis. 
 
 Mr. Dulany's Paoli dis. 
 
 Paoli carried iiYi pounds overweight. The 
 first heat was very closely contested by Britannia 
 and Nonpareil, the former winning by a single 
 length. The second heat was as closely contested 
 between Volunteer, Selim and Nonpareil, not 
 more than a length or two between the three. 
 The third heat was run more at ease. 
 
 The next day the subscription purse of £50 
 was run for and resulted as follows: 
 
 Daniel McCarty's b.h. Silverlegs i — 2 — i 
 
 John Tayloe's Nonpareil .... 2 — 3 — 2 
 
 Dr. Thomas Hamilton's b.h. Ranger 3 — i — dis. 
 
 Dr. Shuttleworth's horse Trial 4 — dis. 
 
 The following day the "Ladies' Purse" of 
 £50 was run for. There were seven horses en- 
 tered, and the result was as follows : 
 
 Dr. Thomas Hamilton's b.m. Primrose .... i — i 
 
 Henry Hall's br.h Feamaught . . 2 — 2 
 
 Theo. Bland's horse Brunsivick . . . 3 — 3 
 
 Edward Worrell's horse Cato 4 — dis. 
 
 Daniel McCarty's Little Driver 5 — dis. 
 
 Robert Roberts' Grey John . . . dis. 
 
 Governor Eden's Regulus dis.* 
 
 *Regulus was distanced the first heat by throwing his rider. 
 
 1770 
 
 September 27th, at Annapolis, the following 
 horses started for the Jockey Club plate of 100 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 63 
 
 guineas, weight for age; heats four miles: — 
 
 McCarty's b.h. Silvcrlegs 4 — i — i 
 
 Masters' b.m. Blacklegs 3 — 2 — 2 
 
 Lloyd's b.m. Jsjancy Byivell (bolted) 2 — 3 — dis. 
 
 Sim's horse PFildair I — dis. 
 
 Colonel Sharpe's gr.m. Britannia'''' dis. 
 
 Governor Eden's gr.h. Cook Aglin dis. 
 
 *Britannia threw her rider, when winning hollow. 
 
 On the 28th, a purse of £50 was run for and 
 won by Fitzhugh's bay horse Regulus (got by 
 Warren's Fearnaught) , distancing four others. 
 Heats three miles. 
 
 On the 29th, the purse of £50 was run for 
 and won by Lloyd's mare Nancy Bywell (by 
 Matchem), beating three others. 
 
 1771 
 
 In May, over the course near Upper Marl- 
 borough, a purse of £50 was run for and won, 
 with ease, by Fitzhugh's bay horse Regulus. 
 
 On the following day, over the same course, 
 the purse of £30 was won by McCarty's bay 
 horse Silverlegs. 
 
 On Tuesday, September 24th, at Annapolis, 
 the Jockey Club purse of 100 guineas, four-mile 
 heats, was run for as follows: 
 
 Lloyd's mare Nancy Bywell i — 6 — i 
 
 Fitzhugh's b.h. Regulus 2 — I — 2 
 
 Galloway's b.h. Selim 6 — 4 — 3 
 
 Alex. Spotswood's b.h. Apollo 3 — 3 — dr- 
 
 Daniel Dulany's b.h. Nonpareil 4 — 2 — dist. 
 
 IMasters' mare Blacklegs 5 — 5 — (list. 
 
64 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 On Wednesday, the 25th, for the £50 purse: 
 
 Beanes' gr.h. Regulus (by Dove)... i — i 
 
 Wm. I jams' b.h. Driver 3 — 2 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's b.m. Primrose 2 — dis. 
 
 Spotswood's gr.g. Driver 4 — ^is. 
 
 On Thursday, September 26th, a purse of 
 £50 was run for, as follows: 
 
 Baylor's b.m. Lovely I — I 
 
 Sim's horse Wildair 3 — 2 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's b.m. Harmony (by Figure) 2 — dr. 
 
 Dr. Shuttleworth's gr.h. Atlas 4 — dist. 
 
 1772 
 
 On Tuesday, October 5th, at Annapolis, the 
 Jockey Club purse of 100 guineas, and on the 
 three following days, purses of £50 each were 
 run for. The particulars are as follows: first, 
 day, heats four miles: 
 
 Col. Lloyd's b.m. Nancy Bywell I — 4 — I 
 
 Benj. Ogle's g.m. Britannia 4 — 3 — 2 
 
 Fitzhugh's b.h. Regulus* 5 — I — dist. 
 
 Spotswood's b.h. Apollo 3 — 2 — dist. 
 
 Major Sim's b.h. Wildair 2 — dr. 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's b.m. Harmony dist. 
 
 Masters' b.f. Kitty dist. 
 
 ^Regulus was distanced by throwing his rider. He was near 
 the foremost and about 300 yards to run. 
 
 On Wednesday, October 7th, heats three 
 miles, as follows: 
 
 Masters' b.m. Blacklegs I — 2 — I 
 
 McCarty's b.c. Achilles 4 — i — 2 
 
 Nevins' br.f. l-will-if-I-can .... 2 — dist. 
 
 DeLancey's (N. Y.) b.h. Bashaw 3 — dist. 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's b.m. Primrose dist. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 6$ 
 
 On Thursday, October 8th, heats two miles, 
 as follows: — 
 
 Fitzhugh's b.h. Brilliant {hy Fear- 
 
 naught) I — 3 — I 
 
 DeLancey's (N. Y.) b.m. Sultana 3 — i — 2 
 
 I jams' b.c. Garrat 4 — 2 — 3 
 
 Waters' b.m. Quaker Lass .... 2 — dist. 
 
 On Friday, October 9th, heats four miles, as 
 follows : 
 
 Waters' b.m. Nettle i — i 
 
 Sam Galloway's b.h. Selim (13 years old).. 3 — 2 
 
 Fitzhugh's b.h. Silverlegs 4 — 3 
 
 Major Sim's b.h. Wildair 2 — 4 
 
 Masters' b.g. Sportsman dist. 
 
 1773 
 
 In June, the gentlemen's subscription purse 
 of £50, at Nottingham, was won by His Excel- 
 lency Governor Eden's bay horse Why Not, 
 aged, beating Dr. Hamilton's bay mare Har- 
 mony, six years old, and Mr. Beane's grey horse 
 Regulus, aged; both of whom were distanced 
 the first heat by the superiority of Why Not, 
 who had run three very hard four-mile heats 
 at Philadelphia on that day fortnight, and had 
 since travelled from thence in very hot weather, 
 which was supposed to be very much against 
 him; nevertheless, he won very easily and the 
 knowing ones were greatly "taken in". 
 
 On September 27th, a sweepstakes ; on Tues- 
 day, the Jockey Club purse of 100 guineas; and 
 on the three following days, subscription purses 
 
66 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 of £50 each were run for on the course near 
 Annapolis, the particulars of which are, as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 Monday, the Sweepstakes. 
 
 Mr. Fitzhugh's gr.m, Kitty Fisher i 
 
 Mr. Ogle's gr.m. 2 
 
 Mr. Heath's gr.m. 3 
 
 Tuesday, September 28, Heats four miles. 
 
 Col. Lloyd's b.m. Nancy Bywell i — i 
 
 Mr. Galloway's b.m. Lady Legs 4 — 2 
 
 Mr. DeLancey's 
 
 (N. Y.) b.m. Nettle 2— dr. 
 
 Mr. Fitzhugh's b.h. Regulus 3 — dr. 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's b.m. Harmony dis. 
 
 Mr. Masters' b.m. Kitty dis. 
 
 Wednesday, September 29. Heats, three 
 miles. 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's b.m. Primrose i — 4 — i 
 
 Mr. Fauntleroy's b.m. Miss Sprightly . . 3 — 3 — 2 
 
 Mr. DeLancey's (N.Y.)b.m.(SM/torafl 5 — i — 3 
 
 Mr. Masters' b.m. Blacklegs 6 — 2 — 4 
 
 Mr. Slaughter's bl.m. Ariel 2 — 5 — dr, 
 
 Mr. Warren's bl.m. Pettycoatsloose . . 4 — 6 — dr. 
 
 Thursday, September 30. Heats two miles. 
 
 Mr. Fitzhugh's gr.m. Kitty Fisher 3 — i — i 
 
 Mr. Carroll's ch.h. Marius 2 — 2 — 2 
 
 Mr. Heath's gr.m 5 — 3 — 3 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's b.m. Harmony I — dis. 
 
 Mr. Ijams' br.h. Figure 4 — dr. 
 
 Mr. Masters' ch.h. Babram dis. 
 
 I 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 6y 
 
 Friday, October i. 
 
 Mr. Fitzhugh's b.h. Regulus .... 4 — 3 — i — i 
 
 Governor Eden's b.h. Why Not . . 1 — 2 — 2 — 2 
 
 Mr, DeLancey's (N. Y.) b.m. Nettle 3 — i — 3 — 3 
 
 Mr, Nicholson's b.h. Pacolet .... 2 — dr. 
 
 Bets at starting, Nettle against the field, and 
 after she won the second heat, three to two she 
 would win the purse. After Regulus won the 
 third heat, four to one on him against the field. 
 
 1774 
 
 On May 11, was run for, at Nottingham, 
 Prince Georges County, a purse of £50, weight 
 for age, heats three miles, which was won by 
 his Excellency Governor Eden's Why Not, 
 aged, at four heats, beating Dr, Hamilton's 
 Primrose, Colonel Barnes' Young Tanner and 
 two others. 
 
 On the 1 2th, a subscription purse of a con- 
 siderable but uncertain amount was run for — 
 heats four miles — and won by Governor Eden's 
 chestnut horse Slim, six years old, at two heats ; 
 beating Colonel Sim's bay horse, Wildair, aged, 
 Dr, Hamilton's and Mr, Lyles' fillies being 
 drawn. 
 
 On the 17th, at Baltimore town" a purse of 
 £50, weight for age and blood, was run for and 
 
 Before the Revolution, races were run over John Eager 
 Howard's grounds, between the present Liberty and Greene streets, 
 Baltimore City. 
 
68 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 won by Governor Eden's Why Not, aged, at two 
 heats, beating Colonel Nicholson's horse and 
 Mr. Gough's" horse Garrick. 
 
 And on the i8th, a purse of £30 was won 
 by Mr. Gough's horse Garrick. 
 
 Under the auspices of Governor Robert 
 Eden (1769- 1775), the turf in Maryland 
 became more fashionable than at any other 
 period, and Annapolis, the abode of elegance 
 and refinement, was resorted to from all quarters 
 at its regular race meetings. 
 
 Before we close this sketch of the colonial 
 period of the Maryland turf, it may be of in- 
 terest to reproduce a contemporary report of a 
 race, the same being one of the rare instances in 
 which a full account is given in the newspapers. 
 It occurs in the Maryland Gazette of Thursday, 
 12 May, 1768, and is as follows: 
 
 "To the Printers — As a mistake appears in 
 your last Gazette, in publishing our Races, we 
 desire you will publish them from the Account 
 herewith sent. 
 We are 
 
 Your humble servants 
 
 The Managers of the 
 Upper-Marlborough Races." 
 
 May 7, 1768. 
 
 'Harry Dorsey Gough, who purchased in 1774 the well 
 known mansion, built in Baltimore County by Corbin Lee of Vir- 
 ginia, and named it "Perry Hall", subsequently celebrated in the 
 annals of local Methodism. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 69 
 
 "On Tuesday, the 3d Inst, a Match for 
 50 Guineas was run for over the Upper- 
 Marlborough Course. One four-mile heat, 
 carrying 9 Stone, by a grey filly called 
 Britannia, got by Briton, belonging to his 
 Excellency the Governor, and a black Colt, 
 call'd Gimcrack, got by Ariel, belonging to 
 Notley Young, Esq., and w^on by the latter. 
 Odds Two to One on Gimcrack, the filly 
 being lame. 
 
 Wednesday 4. The following Horses 
 started for the Subscription Purse of 100 
 Pounds, viz: 
 
 istH.zndH. 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's Horse Figure, wt. lO St. i : i 
 Francis Thornton's Horse Merryman, wt. 
 
 10 St. 2 : 2 
 
 Sam Galloway's Horse Selim, wt. 10 St. 3 : 3 
 Mr. Thomas' 5 yr. old Buckskin, 8 St. 
 
 10 lb. 4 : dis. 
 
 Odds at Starting, Three to One Selim 
 against the Field; Five to One the Field 
 against Figure; Five to Four Merryman 
 would be distanced in the Heats; and even 
 Bets Buckskin would be distanced in the 
 first Heat. 
 
 Figure took the Lead from the Post, and 
 won the Heats with great Ease. 'Tis re- 
 markable that the last Heat was run in 8 
 Minutes and 52 Seconds. The Ground, by 
 a fair Measurement, is full Four Miles. 
 
TO Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Thursda}' 5. A purse of 25 Pounds was run for, 
 by Mr, McGill's bay Colt Nonpareil, wt. 8 stone, i 
 Mr. Bullen's brown Horse, Liberty (formerly 
 
 Tryall) aged, 10 St 2 
 
 Dr. Hamilton's bay Filly, Frimrose, 8 stone. . . . dis. 
 Mr. Diggs' mare Moll Row, 6 yrs. old, 9 St. 6 lb. dis. 
 
 Bets in favor of Nonpareil, who won the 
 Heat with Ease, and received the Money — 
 Liberty not starting the Second Heat." 
 
 In 1774, out of deference to a recommenda- 
 tion of the Continental Congress, which met at 
 Philadelphia in September of that year, the 
 Fall races at Annapolis were postponed on ac- 
 count of the political state of the country, and 
 racing in Maryland was not revived until after 
 the war. It is indeed remarkable that our colo- 
 nial Maryland and Virginia ancestors, who ap- 
 parently were given over to the vanities of "the 
 world, the flesh and the devil", from the Puritan 
 viewpoint, could so quickly face about to meet 
 the stern realities of war, and out of this situa- 
 tion evolve soldiers and statesmen such as the 
 world had never seen. Whatever the circum- 
 stances may be, "a man's a man for a' that" ! On 
 the renewal of peace, with the revival of amuse- 
 ments, the Maryland Jockey Club, at Annapolis, 
 was placed on its former respectable footing, 
 when it was considered a distinguished honor to 
 be a member of it — composed of such gentlemen 
 as Governor Paca, Richard Sprigg, Esq. (stew- 
 ards), Hon. Edward Lloyd (father of the Gov- 
 
Bloodf/l Horses of Colonial Days yt 
 
 ernor), Hon. Benj. C. Stoddert (the first Secre- 
 tary of the Navy), Colonel Stone (afterward 
 Governor), Hon. Charles Carroll of Carrollton, 
 Colonel John Eager Howard (afterward Gov- 
 ernor), Benjamin Ogle, Esq., (afterward Gov- 
 ernor), Hon. George Plater (afterward Gover- 
 nor), General Cadwallader, Dr. William Mur- 
 ray; and Messrs. Tilghman, Steuart, Galloway, 
 Brogden, Pearce, Coursey, Davidson and others. 
 This concludes the narration of the colonial 
 period of Maryland turf history, an angle of 
 her early history so little known, and yet so in- 
 teresting in its human aspect. As we have seen, 
 these sports of the turf were patronized, encour- 
 aged and indulged in by the most distinguished 
 and respectable characters of the Province. 
 Only one instance has been found where an in- 
 dividual was accused of attempting to bribe a 
 rider to "throw the race", and in this case the 
 accused was, happily, able to refute the despica- 
 ble accusation. 
 
Colonial Sportsmen, with Their Horses 
 
 who Competed in Maryland 
 
 Turf Contests 
 
 1745-1775 
 
 (Asterisk indicates imported horse) 
 
 Barnes : 
 
 Young Tanner 
 
 Beanes: 
 
 Regulus 
 
 Bullen: 
 
 Liberty or Trial, Shillalah 
 
 Calvert : 
 
 Jolly Chester, Regulus 
 
 Carroll : 
 
 Marius 
 
 DiGGES : 
 
 Moll Row, Vendome 
 
 Dulany: 
 
 Nonpareil, Paoli 
 
 Eden: 
 
 Badger, Cook Aglin, Regulus, Slim or 
 
 
 Sprightly, Why Not 
 
 Galloway : 
 
 Lady Legs, Selim 
 
 Gantt : 
 
 Britannia, Buffaloe, True Briton 
 
 Gough: 
 
 Gar rick 
 
 Hall: 
 
 Fearnaught*, Trial (see Bullen) 
 
 Hamilton : 
 
 Dove*, Figure*, Harmony, Primrose, 
 
 
 Ranger*, Thistle 
 
 Heath: 
 
 Merry Andrew 
 
 Hopper: 
 
 Pleasure 
 
 IjAMS : 
 
 Driver, Figure, Garrat 
 
 Lloyd: 
 
 Nancy Bywell*, Traveller 
 
 MacGiLL : 
 
 Nonpareil 
 
74 
 
 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Nicholson : 
 
 Pacolet 
 
 Ogle: 
 
 Britannia, Queen Mab*, Spark* 
 
 Roberts : 
 
 Grey John 
 
 Sharpe: 
 
 Britannia, Othello* 
 
 Sim: 
 
 Terror, Wildair 
 
 Sprigg : 
 
 Sportsman 
 
 Tasker : 
 
 Ariel, Selima*, Stella, Traveller, etc. 
 
 Tyler : 
 
 Driver, 
 
 Waters : 
 
 Nettle, Quaker Lass 
 
 WOLSTEN HOLME : 
 
 Tanner* 
 
 Worrell : 
 
 Cato 
 
 Young : 
 
 Gimcrack 
 
 
 VIRGINIA 
 
 Baylor : Lovely 
 
 Bland : Brunswick 1 
 
 Byrd: Trial \ 
 
 Fauntleroy: Miss Sprightly 
 
 FiTZHUGH : Brilliant, Kitty Fisher*, Regulus, Silver- 
 
 legs I 
 
 McCarty: Achilles, Little Driver, Silverlegs, 
 
 Volunteer 
 
 Slaughter : A riel 
 
 Spotswood: Apollo, Driver 
 
 Tayloe: Childers*, Jenny Cameron*, Juniper*, 
 
 Nonpareil, Traveller, Yorick 
 
 Thornton : Merryman 
 
 Warren : Petty coatsloose 
 
 DeLancy : 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 Bashaw, Nettle, Sultana, Wildair* 
 
 I 
 
Leary : 
 Orr: 
 
 Samuels; 
 
 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA 
 
 Old England* 
 Northumberland* 
 Gran by* 
 
 7S 
 
 Butler: 
 Harrison : 
 Masters : 
 Nevins: 
 Shuttlevvorth 
 Thomas: 
 
 UNCLASSIFIED 
 
 Creeping Kate 
 
 Bean 
 
 Babram, Blacklegs, Kitty, Sportsman 
 
 I Will If I Can 
 
 Atlas, Trial 
 
 Buckskin 
 
 Limber Sides 
 
 Old Ranter 
 
Maryland Racing Centers 
 
 1745-1775 
 
 Anne Arundel County 
 
 Annapolis 
 
 Elk Ridge 
 Baltimore County 
 
 Baltimore Town 
 
 Joppa 
 Cecil County 
 
 Charlestown 
 Charles County 
 
 New Port 
 
 Fort Tobacco 
 Frederick County 
 
 Frederick Town 
 
 Georgetown 
 Kent County 
 
 Chestertown 
 Kent Island 
 
 Broad Creek 
 Prince Georges County 
 
 Bladensburg 
 
 Lower Marlborough 
 
 Nottingham 
 
 Piscataway 
 
 Queen Anne Town 
 
 Rock Creek 
 
 Upper Marlborough 
 St. Marys County 
 
 Leonardtown 
 Talbot County 
 
 Oxford, (or "WiUiamstadt.") 
 
 Easton, (or "Talbot Co. C. H.") 
 
Old Maryland Jockey Club 
 
 (Revived at close of War) 
 1st. March 1783. 
 
 Members. 
 
 His Excellency GOVERNOR PACA and 
 RICHARD SPRIGG, Esq., stewards 
 Hon. C. Carroll of Carrollton 
 Hon. Col. Edward Lloyd 
 Col. John Eager Howard 
 Thomas Russell 
 Edward Coursey 
 William Brogden 
 Richard Bennett Lloyd 
 Samuel Galloway 
 James Tilghman^ Jr. 
 Hon. Col. John Hoskins Stone 
 Henry W. Pearce 
 Charles Steuart 
 Dr. James Steuart 
 William Steuart 
 Joseph Galloway 
 Dr. William Murray 
 Benjamin Ogle 
 Richard Bennett Hall 
 General Cadwalader 
 Hon. Benj. C. Stoddert 
 Samuel Harrison 
 Major John Davidson 
 Hon. Col. George Plater 
 James MacCubbin (son of Nicholas) 
 
Appendix to Maryland Turf Section 
 
 Alphabetical List of Horses Mentioned; 
 
 with Owners'* Names and 
 
 Pedigrees of Horses. 
 
 (The letters M.G. at the end of Pedigrees, signify 
 that the horse and his pedigree are advertised in 
 the old Maryland Gazette. In some cases no pedi- 
 gree can be given ; for the reason, perhaps, that the 
 horse did not develop conspicuous qualities as a 
 racer or a breeder. The asterisk indicates the 
 horse was imported.) 
 
 Achilles — {McCarty's — Va, ) 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay horse. 
 
 Apollo — {Spotsiuood's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1771, 1772. Bay (or brown?) horse. 
 Foaled 1767, by imported Fearnaught out of 
 "English John" Bland's imported Duchess (by 
 the Cullen Arabian). The dam of Duchess 
 was Lady Thigh (by Croft's Partner). 
 
 Ariel — ( Slaughter s — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1773. Black horse. 
 
 Ariel— ( Tasker's—MA.) 
 
 Stood at William Brent's in Virginia, in 1763. 
 Foaled 1756, and bred by Colonel Benjamin 
 Tasker, of Prince Georges County, Maryland. 
 Son of Morton's imported Traveller out of 
 Tasker's imported Selima.. .M.G. 
 
 Atlas — (Shu ttleworth's) 
 
 Raced 1771. Grey horse. (An Atlas, grey 
 horse, was owned in 1779, by James Gould, of 
 Virginia, and got by imported Silvereye out of 
 a dam by imported Dabster). 
 
8o Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Babraham — (1740- 1 760), in England. 
 
 Son of the Godolphin Arabian out of a Hartley 
 mare. 
 
 Babram — (Masters') . 
 
 Raced 1773. Chestnut horse. 
 [There was a Babraham colt, foaled 1761, by im- 
 ported Juniper (son of Babraham, son of the 
 Godolphin Arabian) out of Tasker's imported 
 Selima. Another Babraham, bay colt, was foaled 
 in 1759, by imported Fearnaught, out of im- 
 ported Silver (by the Belsize Arabian). Mr. 
 John Goode, Sr., of Virginia, owned a Babram 
 colt, foaled 1766 and died 1786, that was got 
 by imported Janus out of a dam by the same]. 
 
 'RADGEK—iEdens — Md. ) 
 
 Grey horse, imported about 1770 by Governor 
 Eden, of Maryland. Got by Lord Chedworth's 
 Bosphorus (son of Babraham, son of the God- 
 olphin Arabian) : his dam by imported Othello: 
 his granddam by Flying Childers. He was sire 
 of Gov. Benjamin Ogle's Badger, a capital racer 
 at four-mile heats. Another Badger, bred and 
 owned by Charles Carroll of Carrollton, was 
 begot by Spotswood's Apollo. 
 
 Bashaw — {DeLancy's — N. Y.) 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay horse, 155^ hands. Foaled 
 1768, and bred by James DeLancy, of New- 
 York. 
 
 Son of DeLancy's imported Wildair; his dam 
 was DeLancy's imported Cub mare, foaled 1762. 
 
 B EAN — (Harrison s) 
 
 Raced 1751. Grey horse. 
 
 Blacklegs — (Masters') 
 
 Raced 1770, 1 77 1, 1772, 1773. Bay mare. 
 
', or 
 
 .vc INfgro iiu a Writing cxprcft _, 
 ^^.. jiim by the i^iiani.irJs, hj wliom he was la' 
 
 'ken: Ana it is fuppofcd lie went towards I'irgima, in order lo 
 ^•O to StjUtl^-Citroiina. 
 
 ON 'l'huriU:iy the loch of U,vW'.;, 1745, Friday the nth, ^" 
 
 and v^atuiday the 12th of the fame Month, a Fiir will be "^' 
 kept at BrJiimori- Town, in Btltimnrc County. 
 
 On the tlie firit J)a\- of the faid Fair will be run for, by any 
 Horfe, Marc, or Gelding, Ten Founds Current Money ; to run 
 
 tUrcc Heats, half a Mile eacli Heat, and to carrj/ one Hundred -. 
 
 Twenty -live Pounds Weight. \ 
 
 On the fecond Day will be run for Five Pounds Current ^^. 
 
 Money, to run three Heats the fame Diftance, and to carry the ,j 
 
 fame Weight ; the winning Horfe the firft Day to be excepted ^ 
 
 on the fecond. ^ 
 
 On the third Day will be run for Three Pounds Current Mo- '^ 
 
 ncy, die fame Courfc, three Heats ; the winning Horfes on tlic ^„ ^ 
 
 ■ iiilt and fecond Days to be excepted. ^t^^ 
 
 The Florfes, dfrV. to be entered either with William Ham- -^^ 
 . morJ, or Darh lux, at any Time before the Day of Racing; . 
 
 . paving Ten Shillings for each Horfe of the firft Day, .Seven A 
 Shillings for each Horfe of the fecond Day, and Half a Crown X 
 
 for f:zd\ Horfe of the third Day. t^v* 
 
 A Hat and Ribbon of Twenty five Shillings Value to be cud- w 
 gelled for on the fecond Day, and a Pair ot London Pumps to 1 
 be wre'.t'ed for on the third Day. W 
 
 All D fpctcs that may arifc, to be determined hy li lUiam 
 Havsmen.i, C>iorl<iS A'/V^/cy, and Darhy Lux. 1 
 
 '^ U N av^.-iv ii-oin tiie Subfcriber, living at O.xfotd'm Talf-H 
 ^ y, on ' - 3iil Do- '' ' -uj! laf>, '• ■ 
 
 Early Announcement of a Horse Race 
 From Maryland Gazette, 20th September, 1745 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 8l 
 
 Brilliant — {Fitzhugh's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay horse. 
 
 Son of imported Fearnaught out of Little Willis 
 
 (by imported Janus). 
 
 Britannia — ( Gantt's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1766. Foaled 1762, by imported Othello 
 out of Gantt's Milly (by imported Spark) ; 
 her granddam Queen Mab by Musgrove's 
 Arabian. 
 
 Britannia — ( Ogle's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1772. Grey mare, belonging to Ben- 
 jamin Ogle, and formerly to Governor Sharpe. 
 (See below). 
 
 Britannia — {Sharpens — Md, ) 
 
 Raced 1768, 1769, 1770. Grey mare, foaled 
 1764, by True Briton out of Ebony (by Crab), 
 M.G. 
 
 Briton — 
 
 Got by old Spark out of a Barbary blooded 
 mare.. .M.G. 
 
 Brunswick — {Bland's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1769, Black horse. There was a 
 
 Brunswick got by Oroonoko (son of Crab), 
 
 his dam by Babraham. 
 Buckskin — (Thomas') 
 
 Raced 1768. Foaled 1763, by imported Dove; 
 
 dam a half-bred mare. 
 
 Buffaloe — ( Gantt's — Md. ) 
 Raced 1754. 
 
 Cade — (i 734-1 756), in England. 
 
 Son of the Godolphin Arabian. A Cade, bred 
 by Mr. Warren and imported into South Caro- 
 lina in 1762, was foaled in 1756, by old Cade 
 out of Silvertail (by Heneage's Whitenose). 
 
82 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Cato— ( Worrell's— Md. ) 
 Raced 1769. 
 
 Chester — ( Yield hall's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1766. (See Calvert's Jolly Chester). 
 
 *Childers — ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1752. Bay horse, imported about 1751, 
 by Colonel John Tayloe, Sr., and stood in Staf- 
 ford County, Virginia, in 1759. Son of Blaze 
 (son of the Devonshire Child ers) : his dam by 
 old Fox.. {3. Childers, bay horse, son of im- 
 ported Child eis out of a Traveller mare, stood 
 at the place of George Lee, Esq., in Charles 
 County, Maryland, in 1764). . .M.G. 
 Cook Aglin — {Eden's — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1770. Grey horse. 
 Creeping Kate — {Butler's). 
 Raced 1752. 
 
 *DovE— {Hamilton's— Md.) 
 
 Raced 1764. Grey horse, imported in Novem- 
 ber 1 761, by Dr. Thomas Hamilton, of Prince 
 Georges County, Maryland. Son of young Cade, 
 his dam by Teazer^ his granddam by Scawing's 
 Arabian out of the Gardiner mare. Teazer 
 was foaled in 1739, by the Bolton Starling. 
 . .M.G. 
 
 Driver — {I jams' — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1 77 1. Bay horse. 
 Driver — {Spotswood's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1771. Grey gelding. 
 
 Driver— ( Tyler's— MA. ) 
 
 Raced 1764, 1766. 
 
 Son of Othello out of a Spark mare. 
 Ebony — {Brent's — Va.) 
 
 Foaled 1760, by Sharpe's imported Othello out 
 
 of Tasker's imported Selima. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 8j 
 
 *Fearnaught — {Hairs — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1767, 1769. Brown horse. 
 A Fearnaught {iTSS-iTjd) , I5}i hands, was 
 imported by Colonel John Baylor of Virginia, 
 in 1764. He was a son of Regulus (son of the 
 Godolphin Arabian) out of Warren's Silvertail 
 (foaled 1738, by Heaneage's Whitenose). He 
 was own brother to Careless and half brother 
 to Sportsman (by Cade), and was the sire of 
 fVildairj Regulus, Godolphin and Specimen out 
 of Jenny Dismal, and sire of Nonpareil out of 
 a Janus mare, of Gallant out of a Stately mare, 
 and of Spotswood's Apollo out of the imported 
 Cullen Arabian mare {Duchess). 
 
 *Fearnaught — ( Warren s — Va. ) 
 
 Imported 1764. (See above). 
 
 *FiGURE — {Hamilton s — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1766, 1768. Bay horse, 153^ hands, 
 foaled 1757, bred by the Duke of Hamilton, 
 and imported by Dr. Thomas Hamilton, of 
 Prince Georges County, Maryland, in 1765. 
 Son of old Figure; his dam young Mariamne 
 (by Crab), his granddam Mariamne (by Croft's 
 Partner — son of Teg — son of the Byerly Turk — 
 and out of a dam by the Bald Galloway ) . . . 
 M.G. One stud book gives Figure's dam as 
 Mariamne, by Victorious. 
 
 Figure — {I jams' — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1773. Brown horse. A Figure "alias" 
 Golden Figure was taken to North Carolina 
 shortly after the Revolution. 
 
 FiGVRE— {alias, "Old Figure"). 
 
 Got by an Arabian ; his dam by young Standard ; 
 his granddam, the celebrated mare old Jason. 
 . .M.G. 
 
84 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Garrat — ( Ijams^ — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1772. Ba}^ horse. 
 
 Garrick— ( Cough's — Md. ) 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 GiMCRACK — {Young's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1768. Black horse. Out of Ariel... 
 
 M.C. 
 
 A Cimcrackj Engh'sh horse, was foaled 1760, by 
 
 Cripple out of Miss Elliot (by Croft's Partner, 
 
 foaled 1718). 
 
 GoDOLPHiN Arabian — (1724- 1753). 
 
 A Barb imported into England about 1730; 
 great English ancestor of remarkable racers and 
 thoroughbreds in America. 
 
 *Granby — {Samuels'). 
 
 Raced 1767. Bay horse, imported. A Granby, 
 bay colt, foaled 1759, by Blank out of a dam 
 by Crab, was bred by Mr. Wildman of New 
 York, and sometimes called "Marquis of 
 Granby". A Granby, foaled 1 762, by the Bel- 
 size Arabian out of a dam by imported Shock, 
 stood in Pennsylvania in 1768. 
 
 Grey John — {Roberts' — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1769. Foaled about 1764, by imported 
 Fearnaught out of a dam by imported Valiant; 
 granddam by imported Monkey. 
 
 Harmony — {Hamilton's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1771, 1772, 1773. Bay mare. Foaled 
 1757, by imported Figure out of Stella (by im- 
 ported Othello). 
 
 I Will If I Can — (Nevins') 
 
 Raced 1772. Brown mare. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 8$ 
 
 * J AN us — 
 
 Chestnut horse imported to Virginia in 1752, 
 by Mr. Mordecai Booth of Gloucester County. 
 Foaled 1 746, by Janus (foaled 1738), son of 
 the Oodolphin Arabian out of the Little Hartley 
 mare (by Bartlett's Childers, a son of the Darley 
 Arabian). The dam of Janus was by old Fox, 
 his granddam by the Bald Galloway. 
 
 *Jenny Cameron — ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1752. Imported by Colonel John Tay- 
 loe of Virginia. Got by Cuddy ( a son of old 
 Fox) out of Miss Belvoir (by Grey Grantham) . 
 Jenny Cameron was dam of Yorick's dam 
 (Blazella), by Blaze; of Lloyd's Traveller, by 
 Morton's imported Traveller; of Silverlegs, by 
 Morton's imported Traveller. 
 
 Jolly Chester — ( Calvert's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1763. A Jolly Chester was the property 
 of Mr. William Yieldhall. 
 
 Juniper — ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1769. Also called Little Juniper; son 
 of imported Juniper (foaled 1752), that was 
 got by Babraham (son of the Godolphin Arab- 
 ian) out of Aura (by the Stamford Turk). 
 His granddam was by a brother to Conqueror 
 (got by a son of Fox) ; his great granddam by 
 Childers; his great great granddam by Basto. 
 Little Juniper's dam was imported Selima (by 
 the Godolphin Arabian). 
 
 Kitty — (Masters') . 
 
 Raced 1772, 1773. Bay mare. 
 
 *KiTTY Fisher — {Fitzhugh's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1773. Grey mare, imported. Got by 
 imported Fearnought out of Kitty Fisher (by 
 Cade). 
 
86 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Old Kitty Fisher, grey mare, was foaled in 1755, 
 by Cade (a son of the Godolphin Arabian) and 
 imported by Carter Braxton of Virginia; her 
 dam was a mare by the Somerset Arabian, her 
 granddam Bald Charlotte (by old Royal). 
 
 Lady Legs — {Galloway's — Md.) 
 Raced 1773. Bay mare. 
 
 Liberty — {Bullens — Md. ) 
 
 See Trial (Bullen's). 
 
 Limber Sides — 
 
 Little Driver — {McCarty's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1769. (An old Little Driver (1743- 
 1767), was got by Great Driver, son of Snake, 
 whose dam was bred by the Duke of Devon- 
 shire and got by Flying Childers out of a daugh- 
 ter of Grantham). 
 
 Lovely — ( Bay lor's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1771. Bay mare. 
 
 MakIUS— {Carroll's— MA.) 
 
 Raced 1773. Chestnut horse. Foaled by 
 Sharpe's imported Othello, and bred and owned 
 by Hon. Charles Carroll of Carrollton. 
 
 Matchem — (1749- 1 781), an English horse. 
 
 Son of Cade out of a mare (by Croft's Partner, 
 foaled 1718). 
 
 Merry Andrew — {Heath's — Md.) 
 Raced 1766. 
 
 A Merry Andrew colt was got by imported 
 Othello out of Gantt's Milly (by imported 
 Spark ) . 
 
 Merryman — {Thornton's — Va.) 
 Raced 1768. 
 
Blooded Horses of Co/oriia/ Days 87 
 
 Miss Slamerkin — an English horse. 
 
 Miss Sprightly — {Fauntleroy's — Va.) 
 Raced 1773. Bay mare. 
 
 Moll Rovf—{Digges'—MA.) 
 
 Raced 1768. Chestnut mare. Foaled 1762, by 
 imported Dabster out of a dam by imported 
 Bulle Rock. 
 
 *Nancy Bywell — {Lloyd's — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1770, 1771, 1772, 1773. Bay mare, im- 
 ported. Foaled 1761, daughter of Matchem 
 (son of Cade). Her dam was by Goliah (son 
 of Fox) : her granddam by Red Rose (by Old 
 True Blue) ; her great granddam by the Curwen 
 old Spot; her great great granddam by Hip; her 
 great great great granddam by Dodsworth out 
 of a Layton Barb mare. 
 
 "Nancy Bywell is said to have been the only 
 nag in Maryland that beat Fitzhugh's Regulus 
 and DeLancy's imported Lath." 
 
 Nettle — {DeLancy's — N. Y.) 
 
 Raced 1773. Bay mare, foaled 1768, daughter 
 of imported Granby out of Nell Gwynne (by 
 imported Janus). 
 She is probably the same as Heard's Nettle. 
 
 Nettle — ( Waters' — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay mare. 
 
 Nonpareil — {Dulany's — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1771. Bay horse. 
 
 Nonpareil — {MacGill's — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1768, 1769. Bay horse. Son of im- 
 ported Dove. 
 
88 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Nonpareil — ( Tayloe's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1769. Dark bay horse, 15 hands and i 
 inch. Son of Nonpareil (son of Morton's 
 Traveller) out of Blazella (by English Blaze 
 out of imported Jenny Cameron). 
 
 *N0RTHUMBERLAND (Orrs). 
 
 Raced 1767. Grey horse, sometimes called the 
 "Irish Grey", imported into Pennsylvania by 
 Mr. Crow ( it is said), but date of importa- 
 tion and pedigree are uncertain. He was the 
 property of Mr. Andrew Orr. Probably the 
 son of Bustard out of a dam by Crab; his 
 granddam by Babraham. 
 
 A Northumberland was got by Cade (son of 
 the Godolphin Arabian) : his dam was the dam 
 of Snap. 
 
 *Old England — (Leary's). 
 
 Raced 1763, 1767. Bay horse, imported into 
 Pennsylvania, the property of Mr. Leary, but 
 date of importation and pedigree are uncertain. 
 An Old England, bay horse,, was foaled 1 741, by 
 the Godolphin Arabian out of the Little Hartley 
 mare, daughter of Bartlett's Childers. 
 
 Old R.4lNter — 
 
 *OTli^l.\.0— {Sharp e's — Md. ) 
 
 Black horse, imported 1757 by Governor 
 Horatio Sharpe, of Maryland. He was bred by 
 Mr, Panton and foaled 1743, by old Crab 
 (Ivord Portmore's) out of Miss S lamer kin (bred 
 by the Duke of Somerset, and got by the Hamp- 
 ton Court Childers). Othello was the sire of 
 Selim and True Briton. He died about 1767. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 8q 
 
 Pacolet — (Nicholson s — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1773. Bay horse. 
 
 An imported colt Pacolet (Colonel Hopper's) 
 was got by Spark out of Queen Mab (both 
 afterwards imported), and was full brother to 
 Alilly, dam of True Briton. 
 
 Faoli—(D ulany's— Md.) 
 
 Raced 1769. There was a Paoli, foaled 1763, 
 by imported Janus. 
 
 Partner — 
 
 Bay horse, 15 hands and I inch, was got by 
 the Duke of Hamilton's Figure (by old Figure, 
 got by Standard). His dam was Britannia, full 
 sister to True Briton. (A Partner was son of 
 Morton's imported Traveller out of Tasker's 
 imported Selima). 
 
 Pettycoatsloose — ( Warren's — Va. ) 
 Raced 1773. Black mare. 
 
 Pleasure — {Hopper's — Md.) 
 Raced 1754. 
 
 Primrose — ( Hamilton's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1768, 1769, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1774- 
 Bay mare, got by Hamilton's imported Dove 
 out of Stella. 
 
 Quaker Lass — ( Waters' — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay mare, got by imported Juniper 
 out of imported Molly Pacolet (by imported 
 Pacolet). 
 
 A Quaker Lass, chestnut filly, was foaled in 
 1769, by imported Kouli Khan out of a dam 
 by imported Valiant, and bred by Theodorick 
 Bland, of Virginia. 
 
go Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 ♦Queen Ma^— {Ogle s— MA.) 
 
 Imported 1747, by Governor Samuel Ogle, of 
 Maryland. Queen Mab was got by Mus- 
 grove's Grey Arabian; her dam by the Hampton 
 Court Childers; her granddam by Harrison's 
 Arabian; her great granddam by the Chestnut 
 Arabian; her great great granddam by Leeds; 
 her great great great granddam by a Barb, and 
 the dam of Mr. Croft's Greyhound. (A Queen 
 Mab was daughter of Cade, son of the God- 
 olphin Arabian). 
 
 *Ranger — {Hamilton's — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1766, 1767, 1769. Bay horse, imported 
 by Dr. Thomas Hamilton, of Prince Georges 
 County, Maryland. Son of Martindale's Regu- 
 lus (a son of the Godolphin Arabian) out of a 
 dam by Merry Andrew; granddam by Steady; 
 great granddam by Croft's Partner. 
 
 Regulus — {Beanes' — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1771, 1773- Grey horse, son of Hamil- 
 ton's imported Dove. 
 
 Regulus — ( Calvert's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1766, 1767. Black horse, son of Sharpe's 
 imported Othello. 
 
 Regulus — {Eden's — Md.) 
 Raced 1769. 
 
 Regulus — {Fitzhugh's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1770, 1771, 1772, 1773- Bay horse, 
 about 15 hands, bred by Colonel Baylor of Vir- 
 ginia. Got by imported Fearnaught (son of 
 Martindale's Regulus, a son of the Godolphin 
 Arabian) out of the imported Jenny Dismal 
 (by old Dismal, son of the Godolphin Arabian), 
 her dam by Lord Godolphin's JVhitefoot. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days QI 
 
 Regulus — (1739- 1 765), an English horse. 
 
 Son of the Godolphin Arabian, out of Grey 
 Robinson (by the Bald Galloway) : his grand- 
 dam by old Snake; his great granddam old 
 Wilkes and got by old Hautboy. He was sire 
 of Trajan, Royal, Cato, etc. and sire of Careless, 
 Fearnaught, and Spiletta (the dam of Eclipse). 
 
 *Regulus — (Bunuell's — Va. ) 
 
 Owned by Colonel Lewis Burwell of Virginia. 
 Imported. Foaled 1747, by Regulus out of a 
 Croft's Partner mare. He was half brother to 
 Bald Partner by Smiling Tom out of a Partner 
 mare (her dam by Cupid-Hautboy-Bustler). 
 
 Selim — ( Galloway's — Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1766, 1767, 1768, 1769, 1771, 1772. 
 Bay horse, upwards of 15 hands, owned by 
 Samuel Galloway of West River, Maryland, and 
 foaled 1759, by Sharpe's imported Othello out 
 of Tasker's imported Selima. 
 
 *Selima— ( Taskers—Md.) 
 
 Raced 1752. Bay mare. Bred by Lord Craven 
 and imported about 1 750-1 752 by Colonel Ben- 
 jamin Tasker of Prince Georges County, Mary- 
 land. Foaled 1746, by the Godolphin Arabian 
 out of the Large Hartley mare\ Selima was 
 dam of Black Selima (by Fearnaught), of Selim 
 (by Othello), of Brent's Ebony and of Stella, 
 etc. 
 
 Shellaley — (Bullens — Md.) 
 Raced 1767. 
 
 ^In Frank Forester's "The Horse in America," Vol. I, 134, 
 the question is raised as to the name of Selima's dam; but on false 
 premises that she was the Little Hartley mare, as commonly sup- 
 posed. 
 
g2 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 SiLVERLEGS — ( Fitzhugh's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay horse, foaled 1763. 
 
 SiLVERLEGS — ( McCarty's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1769, 1770, 1771. Bay horse, son of 
 Morton's imported Traveller out of Tayloe's 
 imported Jenny Cameron. 
 
 ?>um— {Eden's— ML) 
 
 Raced 1774. Chestnut horse, purchased by 
 Governor Robert Eden of Maryland about 1774. 
 Name changed to Sprightly. Foaled 1768, by 
 Wildman's Babraham; his dam by Roger's 
 Babraham; his granddam by Sedbury out of 
 Lord Portmore's Ebony. 
 
 *Spark— ( Ogle's— Md. ) 
 
 Bred by the Prince of Wales and imported from 
 England in 1747 by Governor Samuel Ogle of 
 Maryland. 
 
 Spark is recorded as a son of Honeycomb Punch 
 out of Wilkes' old Hautboy mare Miss Col- 
 ville. His pedigree bears the seal of Lord Balti- 
 more. 
 
 An old Spark was got by Aleppo (foaled 171 1) 
 son of the Darley Arabian. 
 
 Sportsman — ( Sprigg's — Md. ) 
 Raced 1767. 
 
 Sportsman — (Masters') . 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay gelding. 
 
 Stella— ( Tfljy&er'f—Md.) 
 
 Bred and owned by Colonel Benjamin Tasker, 
 of Prince Georges County, Maryland. Foaled 
 1758, by Sharpe's imported Othello out of 
 Tasker's imported Selima. Stella was dam of 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days gs 
 
 Dr. Thomas Hamilton's Primrose and Thistle, 
 by his imported Dove, and of Harmony by his 
 imported Figure. 
 
 Sultana — (DeLancy's — N. Y.) 
 
 Raced 1772, 1773. Bay mare, daughter of De- 
 Lancy's imported Wildair. 
 
 *Tanner — ( Wolstenholme's — Md.) 
 
 A bay horse, foaled 1757, and imported into 
 Maryland by Daniel Wolstenholme of St. 
 Marys County. He was a son of young Cade. 
 (See Young Tanner). 
 
 Te'RKOK— {Sim's— Md. ) 
 Raced 1766. 
 
 Thistle — {Hamilton's — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1769. Got by Dr. Hamilton's imported 
 Dove out of Stella, 
 
 Traveller — {Burw ell's — Va. ) 
 
 Bay horse, upwards of 16 hands, bred by 
 Colonel Benjamin Tasker of Prince Georges 
 County, Maryland, and foaled 1756, by Mor- 
 ton's imported Traveller out of Miss Colvill. 
 . .M.G. 
 
 Traveller — {Lloyd's — Md.) 
 
 Got by Morton's imported Traveller out of 
 Tayloe's imported Jenny Cameron. 
 
 •Traveller — {Mortons — Va. ) 
 
 Foaled 1748, and imported prior to 1754, when 
 he stood at Richmond County Courthouse, in 
 Virginia. He was bred by Mr. Crofts and 
 got by his famous Partner (grandson of the 
 Byerly Turk) out of a dam by Bloody Buttock' 
 (an Arabian). 
 
94 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Traveller s granddam was by Greyhound; his 
 great granddam by Makeless; his great great 
 granddam by Brimmer, etc. 
 He was sire of Yorick and Trial out of an im- 
 ported Blazella, of Burwell's Traveller out of 
 a Janus mare, of Lloyd's Traveller out of Jenny 
 Cameron, of Ariel and Partner out of imported 
 Selima, and of Mark Anthony out of an Othello 
 mare.. .M.G. 
 
 Traveller — ( Tasker's — Md. ) 
 
 See Burwell's Traveller. 
 
 Traveller — ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1767. See Lloyd's Traveller. 
 
 TKiAi.— {Bullens—MA. ) 
 
 Raced 1766, 1767, 1768. Brown horse, son of 
 
 Othello. 
 
 Formerly, Hall's Trial. 
 
 Trial — {Burwell's — Va. ) 
 
 By Morton's imported Traveller out of Blazella 
 (by Blaze). He was full brother to Yorick. 
 
 Trial — {Byrd's — Va. ) 
 Raced 1752. 
 
 Trial— (//a/r^—Md.) 
 
 See Bullen's Trial. 
 
 Trial — (Shuttleworth's) . 
 Raced 1769. 
 
 True Briton — (Gantt's — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1763. Bay horse, the property of 
 Thomas Gantt, Jr., of Mar5'land, and foaled 
 1757, by Othello out of Milly (by old Spark), 
 who was full sister to Colonel Hopper's Pacolet. 
 The dam of Milly was Queen Mab (by Mus- 
 grove's Grey Arabian). 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days QS 
 
 Vendome — {Digges' — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1 75 1. Bay horse. 
 
 Volunteer — {McCarty's — Va.) 
 
 Raced 1769. Chestnut gelding. 
 
 Why 'Hot— {Eden's— ma.) 
 
 Raced 1773, 1774. Owned in 1779 in Glou- 
 cester County, Virginia. Bay horse, 15 hands, 
 son of imported Fearnaught (foaled 1755) out 
 of an Othello mare: his granddam by Spark. 
 
 WiLDAiR— (Sim's— Md. ) 
 
 Raced 1770, 1771, 1772, 1774. Bay horse, 
 155^ hands, bred by Colonel Joseph Sim, of 
 Prince Georges County, Maryland, and foaled 
 1764, by DeLancy's imported Wildair (son of 
 old Cade) out of a dam by Ariel; his granddam 
 by imported Othello; his great granddam a 
 Barb. Sim's Wildair was the first colt by im- 
 ported Wildair, in America. 
 
 *yV\hii AiK— {DeLancy's— H. Y.) 
 
 Bay horse, imported 1763, by Mr. DeLancy, of 
 New York. Foaled 1753, by old Cade; his 
 dam by Steady, son of Flying Childers; his 
 granddam by Partner. Reshipped to England 
 about 1773. Sire of Colonel Sim's Wildair, of 
 Miss Slamerkin (out of a Cub mare), of De- 
 Lancy's Sultana and Angelica. A Wildair 
 (Symmes' — Va.) is recorded as got by old Fear- 
 naught out of a Jolly Roger mare. 
 
 YoRiCK — ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 
 
 Raced 1766. Chestnut horse, 15 hands and 2 
 inches, son of Morton's imported Traveller out 
 of imported Blazella (by Blaze, a son of Flying 
 Childers). The dam of Blazella was Tayloe's 
 imported Jenny Cameron. 
 
g6 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Young Tanner — {Barnes' — Md.) 
 
 Raced 1774. Owned by Colonel Abraham 
 Barnes, of "Tudor Hall", Leonardtown, St. 
 Marys County, Maryland. Afterwards called 
 Bajazette, when owned by General John Cad- 
 walader. 
 
 Got by Tanner (son of Cade) out of Camilla 
 (by imported Tanner out of Tasker's imported 
 Selima). The sire, Tanner , was imported in 
 the Summer of 1764, by Daniel Wolstenholme 
 of St. Marys County, Maryland, and shipped 
 by Osgood Hanbury of London, in the "John 
 and Samuel", Captain Curling. 
 
MEMORABILIA 
 
 Maryland Jockey Club 
 
 Act of Incorporatio7i 
 
 Autographs of Former Members 
 
 Scenes Connected zuith Historic Pimlico 
 
 A^idrew Jackson s Letter Accepting Membership 
 
An Act to Incorporate the 
 Maryland Jockey Club 
 
 (Laws of Maryland. 1872. Chapter 55) 
 
 Whereas a mim1)or of persons have formed an association for 
 the improvement of the breed of horses and are now desirous of 
 being incorporated. Therefore : 
 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Mary- 
 land, That Oden Bowie, of Prince Georges County ; Jacob Tome, 
 of Cecil county ; Edward Lloyd and S. Hambleton, of Talbot 
 county; John Lee Carroll, of Howard county; Alexander D. 
 Brown, John Merryman and Lewis Turner, Jr., of Baltimore 
 county; W. H. DeCourcey, of Queen Anne's county; Henry T. 
 Weld, of Allegany county; A. S. Abell, Washington Booth, W. 
 W. Corcoran, John W. Garrett, H. D. G. Carroll, James D. 
 Clark, Robert A. Fisher, Robert Fowler, J. Hall Pleasants, Wil- 
 liam Devries, A. W. Dennison, Hamilton Easter, C. C. Fulton, 
 Robert Garrett, W. W. Glenn, James Hodges, J. Strieker Jenkins, 
 Henry E. Johnston, J. Wilcox Brown, Robert R. Kirkland, Louis 
 McLane, C. Oliver O'Donnell, J. Howard McHenry, Robert Ren- 
 wick, Frederick Raine, Hugh Sisson, W. Prescott Smith, Henry 
 Tyson, George Small, J. Alexander Shriver, C. Morton Stewart, 
 J. P. Thom, Samuel H. Tagart, J. Hanson Thomas, S. Teackle 
 Wallis, William T. Walters. Thomas Swann, John Carroll Walsh 
 and Evan Stanley Rogers and their associates, who now consti- 
 tute the Maryland Jockey Club, and such others as shall hereafter 
 be admitted members of the same, be and are hereby constituted 
 
a body politic and corporate, with succession nndtT tlic name and 
 style of the Maryland Jockey CInl), with |)o\ver tn thcin and their 
 sncccssiirs to adopt a common seal and the same to alter anfl 
 clianiie, and liy the corporate name ahii\e mentioned to sne and 
 be sued, implead and he impleaded, and to take and hold projjerty, 
 real, personal and nn'xed, and the same to sell, exchange or otlier- 
 wise dispose of, and in general to do, perform and suffer, with 
 reference to the hereinbefore-mentioned purpose of their incor- 
 poration, all acts and tilings whicli may lawfully l)e done, i)er- 
 formed and suffered by a natural person. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it enacted. That this corporation, or a majority 
 of the members of the same, shall have full power to make a 
 system of rules and regulations under the domination of a consti- 
 tution and by-laws, or otherwise, not inconsistent with the laws 
 of the State, for the management of the affairs of the said club, 
 and the same to alter and amend, abrogate and annul, whenever 
 they may think proper ; and the present officers of the club shall 
 continue in their respective stations until an election shall be 
 made imder this act ; and the constitution and by-laws and rules 
 now in force, not inconsistent with the laws of this State, shall be 
 good and valid until altered, amended, abrogated by the corpora- 
 tion. 
 
 Sec. 3. And be it enacted, That the object of the said corpora- 
 tion shall be the improvement of the breed of horses ; and in 
 carrying out the said object the said corporation may hold one or 
 more meetings in each year, at such place as it may select, for the 
 exhibition and trial of such animals as it may deem proper, and 
 may offer and give such premiums as it may determine on, for 
 superiority in the object sought for. 
 
Sec. 4. And he it enaL-ted, Tliat all acts heretofore done and 
 all acts to be done l)y the persons constituting the ^laryland 
 Jockey Club, in furtherance of the object of its formation and all 
 mortgages, bonds or other instruments made to such persons so 
 associated, shall remain and continue in full force and virtue, at 
 law and in equity, in like manner as if such unincorporated asso- 
 ciation of persons liad orinigally been a body corporate. 
 
 Sec. 5. And be it enacted, That for the purpose of preserving 
 order and protecting property the Police Commissioners of the 
 City of Baltimore be, and they are hereby authorized, upon the 
 request of the president of the said club, to detail such force as 
 they may deem sufficient for the preservation of order during 
 such exhibitions of the said club, which detailed force shall have 
 the power that police of the city have as conservators of the peace. 
 
 Sec. 6. And be it enacted. That this act shall take effect from 
 the date of its passage, and the Legislature reserves the riglit to 
 alter and amend this act at pleasure. 
 
 Approved March 1, 1872. 
 
TRANSFER OF CHARTER. 
 
 Whereas, The Charter of the Maryland Jockey Chib, 
 although the organization is not in active operation, is still 
 the property of the membership, therefore, 
 
 We, the undersigned former members of the Maryland 
 Jockey Club, desire, by the attachment of our signatures, 
 to attest our approval of the revival of the 
 
 MARYLAND JOCKEY CLUB 
 
 ,^:^yt^^^^ 't 
 
 
 
 
 
 x^utographs of prominent members of the Maryland Jockey 
 
 Club at the time of the revival of the 
 
 organization as it exists today 
 

 
 % 
 
 
 ^. 
 
 -^ 4 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 \ V, 
 
 M ^ 
 
 
 ~^ 
 
 s\ 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 \ 
 
 
 V 
 
 .\ 
 
 n 
 
 
 \ 
 
 4 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 

 ^ -^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 > 
 
 1 1 
 
 Y 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^l ^^ 
 
 
 I 4 N 
 
 '^ 
 
 1^^ 
 4 vi 
 
 
 i\ 
 
 a-^ 
 
 
 V 
 
 < 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 < 
 
 1 
 
 i^ 
 
 
 <1 
 
 N 
 
 \ 5 
 
 \ 
 
 4 'i 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 ^^ V 
 
 i \ 
 
 i i 
 
 X 
 
FL, 
 
Horse Breeding and Racing 
 in Colonial Virginia 
 
Horse-Breeding in Colonial Virginia 
 
 Virginia and Maryland were the chief cen- 
 ters of the development of the blood-horse and 
 thoroughbred racer in colonial days. In the 
 earlier period of the turf in the colonies quarter- 
 racing was most in vogue and sport, rather than 
 improvement of breed, was the primary in- 
 centive to action/ The earliest extant files of 
 the Virginia Gazette, from 1736 to 1739, con- 
 tain no reference to imported horses, but be- 
 tween the years 1740 to 1750 the sportsmen of 
 Virginia, as did those of Maryland, began to im- 
 port horses from England for breeding and rac- 
 ing, and the blood of some of the best horses in 
 America to-day, notably those in Kentucky, may 
 be traced back to these imported English 
 thoroughbreds of pre-Revolutionary days. 
 
 Rev. Andrew Burnaby, in his "Travels 
 through the Middle Settlements of North 
 America, in 1759 and 1760", published at Lon- 
 don in 1775, remarks: "The horses [of Virginia] 
 are fleet and beautiful; and the gentlemen of 
 Virginia, who are exceedingly fond of horse- 
 racing, have spared no expense or trouble to 
 improve the breed of them by importing great 
 numbers from England". 
 
 ^"Scrub" races are mentioned in Virginia prior to 1700. 
 
100 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Fearnaught, purchased for looo guineas and 
 imported into Virginia by Colonel John Baylor, 
 of "Newmarket", Caroline County, in March 
 1764, was regarded as the Godolphin Arabian 
 of the "Old Dominion", if not of America. He 
 was a very superior bay, 15^ hands in height, 
 bred by Mr. Warren, and foaled in 1755 by 
 Regulus (son of the Godolphin Arabian) out 
 of Silvertail, a mare descended from the Darley 
 Arabian. Fearnaught' s sixth dam was the 
 Dodsworth dam, a Royal mare. He was bred 
 to the best mares in the Country and the product 
 was a very superior class of horses. Fearnaught 
 died in Greenville County, Virginia, in the 
 autumn of 1776, aged 21 years. 
 
 When Fearnaught arrived in America with 
 all the prestige of his aristocratic lineage, he 
 fortunately was not called upon to dissipate his 
 powers through mediocre channels. Before the 
 importation of Fearnaught another imported 
 English thoroughbred had left his impress on 
 the stock of Virginia. This horse was Jolly 
 Roger, or Roger of the Vale, as he was called 
 in England. He Avas a chestnut horse, bred and 
 imported by Mr. Craddock about 1748, and 
 foaled in 1741 by Roundhead out of a sister to 
 the Wilkie mare (by Croft's Partner). His 
 seventh dam was the Burton Barb mare. Jolly 
 Roger got some speedy but not over-stout sons 
 and daughters. He died in Greenville County, 
 Virginia, in 1772, aged 31 years. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days lOi 
 
 Yet another horse of good antecedents had 
 preceded Fearnaught to Virginia; namely, 
 Janus, the son of old Janus, the latter a son of the 
 Godolphin Arabian out of the Little Hartley 
 mare. Janus was a chestnut horse, foaled in 
 1746, and imported into Virginia about 1752 by 
 Mr. Mordecai Booth. He was bargainea for 
 by John Goode, Esq., of Mecklenburg County, 
 who agreed to give £150, Virginia currency, for 
 him, provided he was safely delivered to his 
 stable in the Winter of 1780. Janus set out for 
 the stable of Mr. Booth, as aforesaid, and pro- 
 gressed as far as the stable of Mr. Haynes, where 
 he died in 1780, aged 34 years. 
 
 ''Both Janus and Jolly Roger are entitled to 
 much credit when we come to trace the history, 
 of the blood-horse in America. They are the 
 first links in the chain which binds the present 
 to the past. They sowed the seed which brought 
 forth good fruit. Their blood mingled with 
 coarser currents and gave a shade of purity 
 and richness to these currents." So that, 
 when Fearnaught came from England to Vir- 
 ginia, there was a foundation to work upon, "for 
 Janus and Jolly Roger had not lived in vain. 
 Many of their descendants had reached the age 
 of maturity, and they were prepared to receive, 
 blend with their own, and perpetuate the blood 
 of the son of Regulus." 
 
 Besides the aforementioned, there were 
 other blooded horses that had preceded Fear- 
 
102 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 naught in Virginia and deserve recognition here. 
 Crab, foaled in 1736 and bred by Mr, Routh, 
 was imported into Virginia about 1746. He died 
 in Virginia in 1750. He was the son of old Crab; 
 dam by Counsellor, granddam by Coneyskins, 
 great granddam by Huttons Arabian. 
 
 Monkey, foaled 1725 by Lord Lonsdale's 
 bay Arabian, was imported by Nathaniel Har- 
 rison, of "Brandon", in 1747 at the age of 22 
 years. He stood in Virginia and North Caro- 
 lina, and died in 1754. His dam was by Curwen's 
 bay Barb; his granddam by the Byerly Turk. 
 
 Morton's imported Traveller was another 
 Virginia stallion of renown in the old days, hav- 
 ing been imported prior to 1754, when he stood 
 at Richmond County Courthouse. He was 
 foaled in 1748, by Croft's Partner out of the bay 
 dam Bloody Buttucks (by Bloody Buttucks). 
 His fifth dam was by Place's White Turk; his 
 sixth by Dodsworth; his seventh dam a Layton 
 Barb mare. Traveller was the sire of Colonel 
 John Tayloe's famous race-horse Yorick (out of 
 Blazella), of Richard Lee's Mark Anthony (out 
 of an Othello mare), and of other celebrated 
 horses of the Colonial turf. 
 
 Juniper, a successful racer, was imported in 
 1761 by Colonel Symmes, of Virginia. He was 
 a bay, foaled 1752 by Babraham out of Aura 
 (by the Stamford Turk)^ and came to America 
 with the prestige of ancient lineage. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 103 
 
 Mares of true blood were also imported 
 from England into Colonial Virginia. Wilkes' 
 Old Hautboy mare, her dam by Brimmer, was 
 imported by Colonel Colville, and afterward 
 known as Miss Colville. Old Hautboy was a 
 son of the D'Arcy White Turk out of one of 
 King Charles the Second's Barb mares. 
 
 Blazella, also called Betty Blazella, by the 
 English Blaze, was imported with her dam 
 Jenny Cameron, by Colonel John Tayloe. 
 Among the offspring of these mares we find 
 several celebrated racers and producers whose 
 names are written upon the pages of Maryland 
 and Virginia turf history before the Revolution. 
 Among these are Traveller (Lloyd's), Silver- 
 legs, Yorick, Trial, Quaker Lass and many 
 others. 
 
 Kitty Fisher, a successful brood-mare, was 
 imported by Carter Braxton, Esq. She was by 
 Cade out of a dam by the Somerset Arabian: 
 and Jenny Dismal, imported by Colonel John 
 Baylor of "Newmarket", and said to have been 
 foaled by old Dismal (son of the Godolphin 
 Arabian) must not be forgotten. Jenny Dismal 
 was the dam of Fitzhugh's Regulus by imported 
 Fearnaught. 
 
 It may be interesting to note here the names 
 of the more or less celebrated horses and mares 
 that were imported into Virginia before the 
 War of the American Revolution: 
 
104 
 
 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 HORSES 
 
 
 Aristotle 
 
 Juniper 
 
 Brunswick 
 
 Justice 
 
 Bucephalus 
 
 Kouli Khan 
 
 Buffcoat 
 
 Lofty 
 
 Bulla Rock 
 
 Merry Tom 
 
 Childers 
 
 Monkey 
 
 Crab 
 
 Oscar 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Ranter 
 
 Cub 
 
 Regulus 
 
 Dabster 
 
 Shock 
 
 David 
 
 Silvereye 
 
 Dotterall 
 
 Sober John 
 
 Eclipse 
 
 Spot (Arabian) 
 
 Fearnaught 
 
 Stirling 
 
 Jack of Diamonds 
 
 Tom Jones 
 
 Janus 
 
 Traveller (Morton's) 
 
 Jolly Roger 
 
 Vampire 
 
 MARES 
 
 
 Blazella 
 
 Jenny Dismal 
 
 Blossom 
 
 Kitty Fisher 
 
 Bonny Lass 
 
 Mary Gray 
 
 Calista 
 
 Miss Colville 
 
 Cassandra 
 
 Moll Brazen 
 
 Childers Mare 
 
 Silver 
 
 Cub Mare 
 
 Stella 
 
 Cullen Arabian mare 
 
 Whitefoot mare 
 
 Jenny Cameron 
 
 
 Colonel John Baylor of "Newmarket", 
 Caroline County, Virginia, was perhaps the 
 chief importer and breeder of thoroughbreds in 
 this colony before the Revolution. He was 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 105 
 
 born in King and Queen County, in 1705, and 
 died at his seat in Caroline County in 1772. His 
 will, dated 19th February 1770 and proved i6th 
 May 1772, mentions "my English horse Fear- 
 naiight and these mares: namely, old Jenny Dis- 
 mal, English grey Steady, Sally and Lovely," 
 bequeathed to his eldest son John Baylor; and 
 to his son George Baylor "his own riding-mare; 
 Jenny Dismal's colt Godolphin; his grey mare 
 Sprightly, at the old house, and the young 
 brown English begotten mare Stella'. After 
 Colonel Baylor's death, his stud of nearly one 
 hundred horses, etc., including about fifty head 
 of thoroughbreds, was disposed of by his execu- 
 tors. 
 
 Colonel John Willis, of Brunswick County, 
 was the owner of many fine horses, and we find, 
 in 1771, a notice of the sale, at "Blandford", by 
 Augustine Willis, of "about twenty likely 
 blooded horses, mares and colts, the property 
 of the estate of Colonel John Willis." 
 
 Captain Littleberry Hardyman, of Charles 
 City County, owned a number of blooded horses, 
 mares and colts, including Partner and a half 
 interest in Aristotle. 
 
 Colonel John Tayloe, II, of "Mt. Airy", 
 Richmond County, was the best known patron 
 of the turf in colonial Virginia. He was born 
 in 1721 and died in 1779. His father. Colonel 
 John Tayloe I, deceased in 1747, and the son in- 
 herited the paternal estate on which he built the 
 
io6 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 present "Mt. Airy" mansion in 1748, after his 
 marriage to Rebecca, daughter of the Hon. 
 George Plater of "Sotterly", St. Marys County, 
 Maryland, and sister to George Plater, Gov- 
 ernor of Maryland, in 1791. Colonel John 
 Tayloe II maintained his stud of blooded horses 
 and kept a private racetrack on his estate, "Mt. 
 Airy." He was the owner of Yorick, Jolly 
 Roger, and Jenny Cameron, among the most 
 famous horses of pre-Revolutionary days. 
 
 The horse-breeding and horse-racing fever 
 was epidemic in colonial Virginia, as the fol- 
 lowing names will demonstrate: 
 
 Principal Importers, Breeders and Sportsmen 
 in Virginia, Before the Revolution 
 
 Edward Ambler 
 
 Col. John Baylor 
 
 Sir Marmaduke Beckwith 
 
 Theodorick Bland 
 
 Mordecai Booth, of Gloucester 
 
 Carter Braxton 
 
 William Brent, of "Richland" 
 
 Col. Lewis Burwell 
 
 Col. William Byrd, of "Westover" 
 
 Landon Carter 
 
 James Caruthers 
 
 William Churchill, of "Wilton" 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 107 
 
 Colonel Colville 
 
 Peter Conway, of Lancaster 
 
 Samuel Duvall 
 
 John Edloe 
 
 Capt. William Evans, of Surrey 
 
 Moore Fauntleroy 
 
 William Fitzhugh, of "Chatham" 
 
 John Goode, Sr., of Mecklenburg 
 
 John Gower 
 
 Roger Gregory 
 
 Benjamin Grymes 
 
 Capt. Littleberry Hardyman 
 
 William Hardyman 
 
 Col. James Harris 
 
 Capt. Henry Harrison 
 
 Nathaniel Harrison, of "Brandon" 
 
 Charles Jones 
 
 Philip Lee, of "Stratford" 
 
 Richard Lee 
 
 Armistead Lightfoot 
 
 William Lightfoot, "Sandy Point" 
 
 James Littlepage 
 
 Daniel McCarty, of "Popes Creek" 
 
 Mr. Macklin 
 
 Thomas Mason, of Stafford 
 
 Col. John Mercer 
 
 Thomas Minor, of Spots. 
 
 Henry Mitchell 
 
 Major John Nelson 
 
 Thomas Nelson 
 
 George Nicholas 
 
io8 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Mann Page, of "Rosewell" 
 
 Samuel Patton 
 
 George B. Poindexter 
 
 James Pride 
 
 Mr. Procter 
 
 Col. Thomas N. Randolph 
 
 Maximilian Robinson 
 
 Robert Ruffin 
 
 Samuel Shaw 
 
 Sir Peyton Skipwith 
 
 Robert Slaughter 
 
 William Smith 
 
 Alexander Spotswood 
 
 Col. John Symmes 
 
 Walker Taliaferro 
 
 Col. John Tayloe II. 
 
 Col. Francis Thornton 
 
 Col. Presley Thornton 
 
 Peter Presley Thornton 
 
 Mr. Turnbull 
 
 Capt. Thomas Turpin 
 
 John Walker 
 
 Nathaniel Walthoe 
 
 Col. George Washington 
 
 Francis Whiting 
 
 Col. John Willis 
 
 Wm. O. Winston 
 
 Ralph Wormeley, of "Rosegill" 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days lOQ 
 
 Earliest Virginia Native-Bred Horses 
 Before the Revolution 
 
 Actaeon, America (or, Gift), Americus, Balloon, Brim- 
 mer, Centaur, Childers (several of the name), Claudius, 
 Clipper, Cripple, Cub, Damon, Darius, Diamond, Flim- 
 nap (young), Fowler, Fuzzee, Goliah, Janus, Junius, Jupi- 
 ter, Laburnum, Laurel, Lightfoot, Macaroni, Moggy Chic- 
 key, Monarch, Mount Airy, Nonpareil (several of the 
 name), Orlando, Oswald, Othello, Otter, Pennsylvania 
 Farmer, Protector (several of the name), Regulus, Roscius, 
 Sampson (several of the name), Scudaway, Shad, Silvertail 
 (several of the name). Snake, Sober John, Sprightly, States- 
 man, Sultan, Traveller (several of the name). Union, Vic- 
 torious, Whitenose, White Stockings (several of the name), 
 Wildair and Yorick. 
 
 Earliest Virginia Native Mares Before 
 the Revolution^ 
 
 Betsey Pringle, Brandon, Camilla, Crawford mare. 
 Ebony, Fearnaught mare (several of the name), Helena, 
 Indian Queen, Jenny Cameron (several of the name). Jolly 
 Roger mare (several of the name), Kouli Khan mare. Lady 
 Thigh, Lady Willis (or. Little Willis), Lycurgus mare, 
 Maria, Nancy (several of the name), Nightingale, Orange 
 Girl, Penelope, Peru, Poll Flaxen, Quaker Lass, Queen of 
 Sheba, Sally Wright, Septima, Silverlegs mare, Spot, Stately 
 (several of the name), Sukey Paget, and Sweet Mary. 
 
 'The produce of these mares may be found by referring to 
 these names in the Stud Books. 
 
Horse-Racing in Colonial Virginia 
 
 The inhabitants of colonial Maryland and 
 Virginia followed the fashions of the "Mother 
 Country", England, in the sports of the turf 
 as they did in other respects. Just how early 
 regular horse-racing was established in Vir- 
 ginia can not be exactly ascertained. For our 
 knowledge of the earliest period of colonial 
 turf activities we are almost entirely dependent 
 on the files of the newspapers of those times. In 
 the case of Maryland the earliest extant copy of 
 the Gazette is for the year 1745, and this file 
 contains an announcement of a horse-race, but it 
 is not an important item, as it does not inform 
 us concerning the quality of the racers. 
 
 The first announcement of a race in the Vir- 
 ginia Gazette appears in the issue of 14th De- 
 cember 1739, and is as follows: "There was a 
 Horse Race round the Mile Course [at Wil- 
 liamsburg] the First Day [of the Fair], for a 
 Saddle of Forty Shillings Value. Eight Horses 
 started, by sound of Trumpet; and Colonel 
 Cheswell's Horse Edgecomb came in First, and 
 won the Saddle; Mr. Cocke's Horse Singd Cat 
 came in Second, and won the Bridle of Twelve 
 Shillings Value; and Mr. Drummond's Horse 
 came in Third and won the Whip." 
 
112 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Smyth, who travelled in America in 1773, 
 was the author of a book entitled "A Tour in 
 the United States of America", published at 
 London in 1787, in which he says: 
 
 "There are races at Williamsburg twice a 
 year; that is, every Spring and Fall, or Autumn. 
 Adjoining to the town is a very excellent course, 
 for either two, three or four-mile heats. Their 
 purses are generally raised by subscription, and 
 are gained by the horse that wins two four-mile 
 heats out of three; they amount to an hundred 
 pounds each for the first day's running, and 
 fifty pounds each every day after; the races com- 
 monly continuing for a week. 
 
 "There are also matches and sweepstakes 
 very often, for considerable sums. Besides these 
 at Williamsburg, there are races established an- 
 nually, almost at every town and considerable 
 place in Virginia, and frequent matches, on 
 which large sums of money depend; the in- 
 habitants almost to a man, being quite devoted 
 to the diversion of horse-racing. 
 
 "Their stock is from Old Cade, Old Crab, 
 Old Partner, Regulus, Babraham, Bosphorus, 
 Devonshire Childers, the Cullen Arabian, etc., 
 in England; and a horse from Arabia, which 
 was imported into America and is now in exist- 
 ence [probably Lindsay's Arabian; otherwise, 
 Ranger']. 
 
 "In the southern part of the Colony, and in 
 North Carolina, they are much attached to 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days ilj 
 
 quarter-racing, which is always a match between 
 two horses, to run one quarter of a mile straight 
 out, being merely an exertion of speed; and they 
 have a breed that perform it with astonishing 
 velocity, beating every other for that distance, 
 with great ease; but they have no bottom". 
 
 Several Jockey-Clubs were organized in Vir- 
 ginia before the Revolution: at Petersburg, 
 Fredericksburg, Portsmouth, Dumfries, War- 
 wick and other principal towns. Williamsburg 
 was a great sporting center from the earliest 
 times, and one of the first races of which we 
 have a record was held there over its one mile 
 course in 1739. York, Gloucester and Alex- 
 andria also had famous race-grounds, and there 
 was a track on Pride's race-course, near Peters- 
 burg. Richmond and Port Royal also had their 
 race-courses. 
 
 Unfortunately for our knowledge of this 
 early period, the files of the Virginia Gazette 
 are missing for a considerable period (1740- 
 1750), and of the extant files there is no com- 
 plete collection in any one place. We are able 
 to glean a missing item here and there relating 
 to colonial Virginia turf activites from the files 
 of the old Maryland Gazette, which was pub- 
 lished at Annapolis. 
 
Annals oftheTuri in Colonial Virginia 
 
 1752 
 
 In December, 1752, a sweepstakes, 50 pistoles 
 four miles, was run for over the Gloucester 
 course, between Colonel Byrd's Trial, Colonel 
 Tayloe's imported mare Jenny Cameron and his 
 imported horse Childers, Colonel Thornton's 
 mare and Colonel Tasker's imported Selima 
 (from Maryland), and won by the latter. This 
 was the beginning of the remarkable racing con- 
 tests between the rival colonies of Maryland 
 and Virginia. 
 
 1755 
 In March, 1755, at York, a purse of 67 
 pistoles, four-mile heats, best two in three, was 
 run for; weight, 135 pounds. 
 
 1760 
 
 In April, 1760, at Warwick, a subscription 
 purse of £50, five heats, was run for, and the 
 results are tabulated in the following summary: 
 
 Hardyman's sorrel h. Pilot 5 — 5 — i — O — ^ 
 
 Randolph's Fortunatus 6 — i — 2 — O — 2 
 
 Braxton's b.h. Tryall 3—2—2 
 
 Edloe's Silvertail i — 3 — dr. 
 
 Jones b.h. Page 2— 4— 4— dr. 
 
 Turnbull's bl.h. Othello 4— dist. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 115 
 
 The first heat was easy, the second warmly 
 disputed, the fourth could not be decided and 
 the fifth was won by five feet. As the heats 
 were doubtless four miles, this was a remarkable 
 race. 
 
 1766 
 
 In April, 1766, Colonel Tayloe's Traveller 
 won with ease, beating Colonel Lewis Burwell's 
 John Dismal and Mr. Francis Whiting's Janus. 
 
 In October, Colonel John Tayloe's Hero 
 won the purse, beating Colonel Byrd's Trial, 
 Valiant and Mr. Richard Lee's Mark Anthony. 
 
 In November, at Chestertown, Maryland, a 
 purse of 100 pistoles was run for by the two most 
 celebrated horses on the turf. Colonel Tayloe's 
 Virginia horse Yorick and Sam Galloway's 
 Maryland horse Selim, and won by the latter. 
 
 1767 
 
 In May, 1767, at Annapolis, the 50 pistoles 
 purse, two heats, was run for by four horses, and 
 won by Colonel Tayloe's Traveller, beating 
 three Maryland horses; namely, Bullen's Trial, 
 Calvert's Regulus and Dr. Hamilton's Ranger 
 (distanced). 
 
 1768 
 
 In the Spring of 1768, the Williamsburg 
 purse was won by Captain Littleberry Hardy- 
 man's horse Partner, beating Colonel Richard 
 
Ii6 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Lee's Mark Anthony (who won the first heat, 
 but broke down the second) , Colonel Lewis Bur- 
 well's Remus and Armistead Lightfoot's Molly. 
 In the Fall, Colonel Lewis Burwell won the 
 purse with Remus, beating with ease Mr. Roger 
 Gregory's Dimple. 
 
 In the Spring of 1769, Captain Littleberry 
 Hardyman again won the purse with Mark 
 Anthony (defeated the year before), beating 
 Colonel John Tayloe's Nonpareil and Nathaniel 
 Walthoe's Fanny Murray. 
 
 In October, at Annapolis, the subscription 
 purse of 100 guineas, three heats, was run for by 
 several horses, three of the contestants being 
 from Virginia; namely, Daniel McCarty's 
 chestnut gelding Volunteer, Theodorick Bland's 
 black horse Brunswick and John Tayloe's brown 
 horse Juniper. The race was won by Volunteer 
 who beat his Maryland competitors — Selim, 
 Britannia, Nonpareil and Paoli. Brunswick 
 and Juniper were distanced in the second heat. 
 
 The following day, over the same course, 
 the purse of £50, three heats, was won by Daniel 
 McCarty's Virginia bay Siherlegs, beating 
 Colonel Tayloe's Nonpareil and two others. Dr. 
 Hamilton's -Rflw^^r (distanced the 3rd heat) and 
 Dr. Shuttleworth's Trial (distanced the 2nd 
 heat). 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days ll^J 
 
 1770 
 
 On 27th September 1770, the Annapolis 
 Jockey Club plate of 100 guineas, three four- 
 mile heats, weight for age, was won by Mc- 
 Carty's Silverlegs, beating Masters' Blacklegs, 
 Lloyd's Nancy By well, Sim's Wildair (dis- 
 tanced), Sharpe's Britannia (distanced) and 
 Kden''s Cook Aglin (distanced). Silverlegs, the 
 winning horse, was the only contestant from Vir- 
 ginia. 
 ^ On the 28th, the purse of £50, heats three 
 
 1 miles, was won by Fitzhugh's Virginia horse 
 Regulus, distancing four others. 
 
 1771 
 
 In May, 1771, at Upper Marlborough, 
 Maryland, Fitzhugh's bay horse Regulus was 
 again a successful runner, winning the first day's 
 purse of £50, with ease; and on the second day, 
 McCarty's bay horse Silverlegs carried off the 
 prize of £30. 
 
 In September, at Annapolis, two Virginia 
 horses, Fitzhugh's Regulus and Spotswood's 
 Apollo were entered against four others, includ- 
 ing the famous Maryland horse Selim, and 
 Regulus came in second. 
 
 1772 
 
 In October, 1772, at Annapolis, there were 
 four days of racing, and several Virginia horses 
 
Il8 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 were entered; namely, Fitzhugh's Regulus, 
 Spotswood's Apollo, McCarty's Achilles, Fitz- 
 hugh's Brilliant and Silverlegs. On the first 
 day, Regulus was distanced by throwing his 
 rider; he was near the foremost, with about 300 
 yards to run. On the second day, Achilles came 
 in second; on the third day, Brilliant won the 
 heats, and on the fourth he was badly beaten. 
 
 In September, 1773, at Annapolis, Fitz- 
 hugh's grey mare Kitty Fisher won the first 
 day's race, a sweepstakes, beating two other com- 
 petitors; on the second day, two heats, four 
 miles, Regulus was beaten by Lloyd's Nancy 
 Bywell (who won the 100 guineas purse), Gal- 
 loway's Lady Legs and DeLancy's New York 
 mare Nettle; Hamilton's Harmony and Master's 
 Kitty, both distanced. On the third day, three 
 heats, three miles, three Virginia horses were 
 among the contestants; namely, Fauntleroy's 
 Miss Sprightly, Slaughter's Ariel and Warren's 
 Pettycoatsloose. The race was won by Hamil- 
 ton's bay mare Primrose. On the fourth day, 
 three heats, two miles, Fitzhugh's Kitty Fisher 
 won over five Maryland competitors, and on the 
 fifth day Regulus was a successful runner, beat- 
 ing Eden's Why Not, DeLancy's Nettle and 
 Nicholson's Pacolet. After Regulus had won 
 the third heat the bets were heavy on him against 
 the field. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days lig 
 
 This was a very successful year for racing in 
 Virginia. In April, a match for lOo guineas 
 was run at Fredericksburg, between Mann 
 Page's horse Damon and Moore Fauntleroy's 
 mare Miss Sprightly, and won with great ease 
 by the former. On the 15th of the same month, 
 at the same place, a match for 100 pistoles was 
 run between Maximilian Robinson's horse 
 Roundhead and Moore Fauntleroy's mare Miss 
 Sprightly, "the heat in doubt for the first two 
 miles, but on the third the horse took the lead 
 and won hollow." 
 
 On May 17th, at Port Royal, a purse of 50 
 guineas was won by Moore Fauntleroy's Miss 
 Alsop. On May 12th, at Richmond, the sub- 
 scription purse of £75 was run for and was won 
 with ease by William Hardyman's sorrel mare, 
 beating J. P. Farley's mare and Halcott Price's 
 mare. 
 
 On May 29th, at Fredericksburg, the May 
 Fair purse of £50 was won at two four-mile 
 heats, by Moore Fauntleroy's bay mare Miss 
 Alsop, beating William Fitzhugh's (of "Chat- 
 ham") grey mare Kitty Fisher; and on the next 
 day Alexander Spotswood's Fearnaught beat at 
 three heats Mr. Procter's mare, who won the 
 first.^ 
 
 ^The weights advertised for these races at Fredericksburg 
 were 3 years, 96 lbs.; 4 years, 108 lbs.; 5 years, 120 lbs.; 6 years, 
 132 lbs. ; aged, 140 lbs. 
 
120 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 In the Fall of this year, at Portsmouth, the 
 100 guineas purse was run for, which was won 
 after a hard struggle by Moore Fauntleroy's 
 Miss Alsop. 
 
 At Fredericksburg, the first day's purse, 
 Jockey Club plate, loo guineas, heats four miles, 
 open to members only, was won by William 
 Fitzhugh's Regulus, 140 pounds wt., who won 
 the second and third heats, beating Alexander 
 Spotswood's Eclipse, 108 pounds wt., (who won 
 the first heat), Mann Page's Damon, 108 
 pounds, William Brent's Figure, 122 pounds, 
 William Fitzhugh's Master Stephen, 132 
 pounds, and Moore Fauntleroy's Faithful Shep- 
 herdess. 
 
 On the second day, a purse of £50, four-mile 
 heats, was won by John Tayloe's Single Peeper, 
 122 pounds wt., beating Benjamin Grymes' Miss 
 Spot, Walker Taliaferro's Valiant, Spotswood's 
 Fearnaught, Charles Jones' Regulus, Procter's 
 Jenny Bottom, Robert Slaughter's Ariel and 
 Peter Presley Thornton's Ariel. 
 
 On the third day, the "Town Purse", four- 
 mile heats, was won by William Fitzhugh's Kit- 
 ty Fisher, who won the second and third heats, 
 beating Mann Page's Damon (who won the 
 first), Procter's Whitefoot, Fauntleroy's Shep- 
 herdess and William Smith's Why Not. 
 
 On the fourth day, was the "Town and 
 County Purse", four-mile heats, of which a sum- 
 mary follows : 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 121 
 
 William Fitzhugh's ch.g. Volunteer 140 lbs. 4 — 4 — I — I 
 Peter Conway's gr.m. Mary Gray 122 lbs. i — 3 — dist. 
 Alex. Spotswood's ch.g. Stirling 122 lbs. 3 — I — 2 — 2 
 Thomas Minor's s.h. Fear naught 140 lbs. 
 
 2 — 2 — 3 — dist. 
 Robt. Slaughter's bl.h. Ariel 132 lbs. . . . dist. 
 
 The colonial period of the turf in Virginia 
 closed with these races, and horse-racing was 
 suspended until after the Revolution. During 
 the period we have had under consideration, 
 races were run at or near Alexandria, Dumfries, 
 Fredericksburg, Gloucester, Petersburg, Port 
 Royal, Portsmouth, Richmond, Warwick, Wil- 
 liamsburg and York. The sports of the Turf, 
 however, were not limited to these localities, but 
 extended throughout the length and breadth of 
 the "Old Dominion." 
 
 List of Virginia Sportsmen and Their Horses 
 That Competed on the Turf 
 
 
 1739-1775. 
 
 
 (* indicates imported horse) 
 
 Baylor 
 
 Lovely 
 
 Bland 
 
 Brunswick 
 
 Braxton 
 
 Trial 
 
 Brent 
 
 Figure 
 
 Burwell 
 
 John Dismal, Remus 
 
 Byrd 
 
 Trial, Valiant 
 
 Cheswell 
 
 Edgecomb 
 
122 
 
 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Cocke 
 Conway 
 Edloe 
 Fauntleroy 
 
 FiTZHUGH 
 
 Gregory 
 Grymes 
 Hardyman 
 Jones 
 
 Lee 
 
 LiGHTFOOT 
 
 McCarty 
 
 Minor 
 
 Page 
 
 Procter 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Robinson 
 
 Slaughter 
 
 Smith 
 
 Spotswood 
 
 Taliaferro 
 
 Tayloe 
 
 Thornton 
 
 Turnbull 
 Walthoe 
 Warren 
 Whiting 
 
 Singed Cat 
 
 Mary Gray 
 
 Silvertail 
 
 Faithful Shepherdess, Miss Alsop, Miss 
 
 Sprightly 
 Brilliant, Kitty Fisher*, Master Stephen, 
 
 Regains, Silverlegs, Volunteer 
 Dimple 
 Miss Spot 
 
 Mark Anthony, Partner, Pilot 
 Page, Regulus 
 Mark Anthony 
 Molly 
 
 Achilles, Silverlegs, Volunteer 
 Fearnaught 
 Damon 
 
 Jenny Bottom, Whitefoot 
 Fortunatus 
 Roundhead 
 Ariel 
 
 Why Not 
 
 Apollo, Eclipse, Fearnaught, Stirling 
 Valiant 
 Childers*, Hero, Jenny Cameron* , Juniper, 
 
 Nonpareil, Single Peeper, Traveller, 
 
 Yorick 
 Ariel 
 Othello 
 
 Fanny Murray 
 Pettycoatsloose 
 Janus 
 
 
Appendix to Virginia Turf Section 
 
 Alphabetical List of Horses Mentioned; 
 
 with owners'' Names and 
 
 Pedigrees of Horses. 
 
 (The asterisk indicates imported horse, etc.) 
 
 Achilles — {Daniel McCarty's). 
 Raced 1772. Bay horse. 
 
 Apollo — (Alex. Spotswood's). 
 
 Raced 1771, 1772. Dark bay horse, nearly 16 
 hands high. Foaled 1767, by imported Fear- 
 naught out of "English John" Bland's imported 
 Duchess (by the Cullen Arabian). The dam 
 of Duchess was Grisewood's Lady Thigh (by 
 Partner). 
 
 Ariel — (Robt. Slaughter's) 
 
 Raced 1773, 1774. Black horse, 
 
 Ariel — (Peter Presley Thornton s) 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Brilliant — (William Fitzhugh's) . 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay horse. Son of imported 
 Fearnought out of Little Willis (by imported 
 Janus); granddam by imported Jolly Roger. 
 There was a Brilliant colt foaled before 1773, 
 by Burwell's Traveller out of Camilla. 
 
 Brunswick — (Theodorick Bland's). 
 
 Raced 1769. Black horse. A Brunswick was 
 begot by Oroonoko (son of Crab) ; his dam by 
 Babraham. 
 
124 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 *Childers — (John Tayloe's). 
 
 Raced 1752. Bay horse, imported about 1751, 
 by Colonel John Tayloe, Sr., and stood in Staf- 
 ford County, Virginia, in 1759. Son of Blaze 
 (son of the Devonshire Childers) ; his dam by 
 old Fox; his granddam by Bald Galloway. 
 
 Damon — (Mann Page's). 
 
 Raced 1774. Chestnut horse, bred and owned 
 by Mann Page, Jr. Foaled 1767, by imported 
 Fearnaught; his dam by imported Sprightly; 
 his granddam by imported Jolly Roger. 
 
 Dimple — {Roger Gregory's). 
 Raced 1768. 
 
 Eclipse — {Alex. Spotswood's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Edgecomb — (Colonel Cheswell's). 
 Raced 1739. 
 
 Faithful Shepherdess — (Moore Fauntleroy's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Fanny Murray — (Nathaniel Walthoe's). 
 Raced 1769. 
 
 Fearnaught — (Thomas Minor's). 
 
 Raced 1774. Sorrel horse. 
 
 Fearnaught — (Alex. Spotswood's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Figure — (William Brent's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Fortunatus — (Thomas N. Randolph's). 
 Raced 1760. 
 
 Hero — {John Tayloe's). 
 Raced 1766. 
 
k 
 
 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 125 
 
 Janus — (Francis Whiting's). 
 Raced 1766. 
 
 Jenny Bottom — (Procters). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 *Jenny Cameron — (John Tayloe's). 
 
 Raced 1752. Imported by Colonel John Tay- 
 loe, of Va. Son of Cuddy (a son of old Fox) 
 out of Miss Belvoir (by Grey Grantham) ; 
 her granddam by Paget Turk; her great grand- 
 dam Betty Percival (by Leedes' Arabian). A 
 certificate of Colonel Tayloe's in 1773, makes 
 this mare by Witty's famous mare Cabbage-wise, 
 but the statement can not be substantiated in 
 the E.S.B. 
 
 John Dismal — {Lewis Burwell's). 
 
 Raced 1766. Son of imported Sober John 
 (foaled 1748) out of imported Jenny Dismal, 
 both imported by Colonel John Baylor, of Vir- 
 ginia. 
 
 Juniper — (John Tayloe's). 
 
 Raced 1769. Also called Little Juniper. 
 Foaled 1762, by imported Juniper (foaled 1752 
 by Babraham, son of the Godolphin Arabian, 
 out of Aura, daughter of the Stamford Turk). 
 The Little Juniper s dam was Tasker's im- 
 ported Selima, daughter of the Godolphin 
 Arabian out of the Large Hartley mare. 
 
 *KiTTY Fisher — (William Fitzhugh's). 
 
 Raced 1773, 1774. Grey mare, imported. 
 Daughter of imported Fearnought out of im- 
 ported Kitty Fisher (by Cade, a son of the 
 Godolphin Arabian). 
 
 Lovely — {John Baylors). 
 
 Raced 1771. Bay mare. 
 
126 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Mark Anthony — (Littleberry Hardymans). 
 
 Raced 1769. Same as Lee's Mark Anthony. 
 
 Mark Anthony — (Richard Lee's). 
 
 Raced 1766, 1768. Black horse, over 15 hands. 
 Foaled at James River, Virginia, in 1763, by 
 Partner (foaled 1755, son of imported Travel- 
 ler out of imported Selima) ; his dam Septima 
 (by imported Othello out of imported Moll 
 Brazen). He died 1795 in N. C. 
 
 Mary Gray — (Peter Conway's). 
 
 Raced 1774. Grey mare. 
 
 Master Stephen — (William Fitzhugh's). 
 
 Raced 1774. A Master Stephen, otherwise 
 called Bonny Face, bay horse, imported, was 
 foaled 1768 by a son of Regulus; his dam the 
 Fen mare by Hutton's Royal colt. 
 
 Miss Alsop — (Moore Fauntleroy's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Miss Spot — (Benjamin Grymes'). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Miss Sprightly — (Moore Fauntleroy's). 
 Raced 1773, 1774. Bay mare. 
 
 Molly — (Armistead Lightfoot's) . 
 Raced 1768. 
 
 Nonpareil — (John Tayloe's). 
 
 Raced 1769. Dark bay horse, 15 hands and i 
 inch. Son of Nonpareil (son of Morton's im- 
 ported Traveller) out of Blazella (by English 
 Blaze out of imported Jenny Cameron). 
 
 Othello — (Turnbull's) . 
 
 Raced 1760. Black horse. 
 
 Page — {Charles Jones'). 
 
 Raced 1760. Bay horse. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 127 
 
 Partner — (Littleberry Hardyman's). 
 Raced 1768. 
 
 Petticoatsloose — (Warren s) . 
 
 Raced 1773. Black mare. 
 
 Pilot — (Littleberry Hardyman's) . 
 
 Raced 1760. Sorrel horse. 
 
 Regulus — (William Fitzhugh's) . 
 
 Raced 1770, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1774. Bay 
 horse, about 15 hands, bred by Colonel John 
 Baylor of Virginia. Got by imported Fear- 
 naught (son of Martindale's Regulus, a son of 
 the Godolphin Arabian) out of imported Jenny 
 Dismal (by old Dismal, a son of the Godolphin 
 Arabian) . 
 
 Regulus — (Charles Jones'). 
 
 Raced 1774. There was a Regulus, foaled 1764 
 by imported Silver eye; his dam by imported 
 Valiant; his granddam by imported Jolly Roger. 
 He stood in York County, Virginia, in 1770. 
 
 Remus — (Leivis Burwell's). 
 Raced 1768. 
 
 Roundhead — {Maximilian Robinson's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Silverlegs — {Daniel McCarty's). 
 
 Raced 1769, 1770, 1771. Bay horse, son of 
 Morton's imported Traveller out of Tayloe's 
 imported Jenny Cameron. 
 
 Silverlegs — (William Fitzhugh's) . 
 
 Raced 1772. Bay horse, foaled 1763. Prob- 
 ably, same as the preceding. 
 
 SiLVERTAlL — (John Edloe's). 
 Raced 1760. 
 
128 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Singed Cat — (Brazure? Cocke's). 
 Raced 1739. 
 
 Single Peeper — (John Tayloe's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Stirling — (Alex. Spotswood's). 
 
 Raced 1774. Chestnut gelding. 
 
 Traveller — (Jo h n Tay he's) . 
 
 Raced 1766, 1767. Got by Morton's imported 
 Traveller out of Ta5doe's imported Jenny 
 Cameron. 
 
 Trial — (Carter Braxton s). 
 Raced 1760. 
 
 Trial — ( William By rd's) . 
 
 Raced 1752, 1766. 
 
 Valiant — ( William By rd's) . 
 Raced 1766. 
 
 Valiant — ( Walker Taliaferro's ) . 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Volunteer — (William Fitzhugh's). 
 
 Raced 1774. Chestnut gelding. 
 
 Volunteer — {Daniel McCarty's). 
 
 Raced 1769. Chestnut gelding. 
 
 Whitefoot — (Procter's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 Why Not — (William Smith's). 
 Raced 1774. 
 
 YoRiCK — (John Tayloe's). 
 
 Raced 1766. Chestnut horse, 15 hands and 2 
 inches. Son of Morton's imported Traveller 
 out of imported Blazella (by Blaze, a son of 
 Flying Childers). The dam of Blazella was 
 Tayloe's imported Jenny Cameron. 
 
c 00 
 CD r^ 
 
The Sports of the Turf in the Carolinas 
 
The Sports of the Turf in the Carolinas 
 
 From Maryland and Virginia the fever for 
 importing, breeding and matching of blooded 
 horses on the turf extended into the Carolinas. 
 The sportsmen of these latter Provinces, and of 
 South Carolina in particular, were influenced 
 to import the English thoroughbred horse by 
 the importations that had been going on for 
 some years before in Maryland and Virginia. 
 
 Prior to 1754, not many imported horses had 
 been brought into the Carolinas, the most re- 
 garded horse in that section having been what 
 was known as the Chickashaw breed, a general 
 utility animal originally introduced into Flori- 
 da by the early Spanish discoverers. This 
 horse was of small size but well formed and 
 active, and when covered with imported thor- 
 oughbreds produced animals of great beauty, 
 strength and speed. 
 
 'Before the Revolution, however, a consider- 
 able number of fine horses and mares were im- 
 ported into South Carolina, of which the follow- 
 ing list may be given as interesting: 
 
 Antaeus, Babraham, Borrock Billy, Bosphorus, Brutus, 
 Cade, Centinel, Fallower, Flimnap, Friar, Lofty, Mask, 
 Matchem, Matchless, Moro, Nonpareil, Oroonoko, Pam, 
 Pharaoh, Prince, Skim, Slouch, Snap, Snipe, Sportsman, 
 
7J2 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Sprightly, Starling and Tarquin were the horses; while 
 Abdallah (Arab), Creeping Kate (Spanish), Duchess and 
 Turpin were the mares. South Carolina purchased and 
 transferred many horses. 
 
 Flimnap, Sweeper and Toby, all horses held in high 
 estimation at the time, were imported into the Carolinas 
 between the years 1760 and 1772. Flimnap, a bay horse, 
 14 hands and i inch, was bred by Sir J. Moore, and im- 
 ported about 1772 into South Carolina by Mr. Mansell. 
 He was foaled in 1765, by South (a son of Regulus, son of 
 the Godolphin Arabian) out of a dam by Cygnet (son of 
 the Godolphin). Though small, Flimnap was strong and 
 hardy and a horse of much celebrity, and his blood served to 
 enrich our stock. 
 
 Nonpareil, imported into South Carolina in 1762, was 
 a quite famous horse. He stood the year of his importation 
 at Mr. Frank Huger's, in St. John's Parish, at £20. Skim, 
 imported in 1760, was a successful racer, and stood at Mr. 
 John Myrant's, on the Santee, at £20. He was foaled in 
 1755) by the Cullen Arabian. 
 
 South Carolina also produced some good na- 
 tive-bred stock. Noble, by imported Brutus 
 out of an imported dam by Squirt, his 5th dam 
 by the Darley Arabian, was bred in South Caro- 
 lina and ran successfully up to the year 1767. 
 There was, prior to the Civil War, in the posses- 
 sion of the Matthews family a tankard won by 
 him. 
 
 Dr. Daniel Ravenel bred at his plantation 
 called "Wantoot," in St. John's Parish, many 
 fine horses. He commenced as early as 1761, 
 and kept up his breeding establishment on a very 
 extensive scale to the year 1785. His principal 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 133 
 
 brood-mares were Grey Pleasant, Moll Slamer- 
 kin, Lucretia and Rose; his most distinguished 
 colts and fillies were Foxhunter foaled 1767 out 
 of Grey Pleasant, by Edward Harleston's bay 
 horse Prince, who was got by William Middle- 
 ton's bay horse Spotless. Also, a bay filly called 
 Carolina foaled 1768 out of Moll Slamerkin, by 
 old Brutus, and a bay filly called Lucy foaled 
 1773 out of Rose, by Friar (imported). 
 
 Mr. Frank Huger, who lived in the same 
 Parish as Dr. Ravenel, also owned many fine 
 horses. To these we may add as holding a place 
 among South Carolina's importers, horse- 
 breeders or sportsmen of the colonial period, the 
 names of Boone, Churchill, Drayton, Fenwick, 
 Gibbes, Harleston, Izard, Mansell, Middleton, 
 Moultrie, Myrant, Nightingale, Parker and 
 Williamson. 
 
 The racing spirit appeared very early in South 
 Carolina, and it is claimed that the first "jockey- 
 club" established in the world was the one at 
 Charleston, which was in existence in 1734. 
 Charleston for many years before the Revolu- 
 tion was a great racing center and horses were 
 matched against one another as far back as 1734; 
 but the contests were not of a character to ex- 
 ercise much influence upon the matter of breed- 
 ing. 
 
 The earliest record that exists of any public 
 running appears in the South Carolina Gazette 
 
134 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 of February ist, 1734. This race was called for 
 the first Tuesday in February, 1734; the prize 
 being a saddle and a bridle: mile heats, four 
 entries: the horses to carry 10 stone, and white 
 riders stipulated. The race took place on a 
 green on Charleston Neck, opposite a public 
 house then known as the Bowling Green House. 
 
 In 1735, the newspapers advertised a purse of 
 £100, to be run for on a course laid out at the 
 Quarter House, to which the name of "The 
 York Course" was given, on which racing was 
 continued from year to year, either in February 
 or the beginning of March; the prize generally 
 a silver bowl, or a silver waiter, or a silver tank- 
 ard of about £100 value, in currency, the riders 
 never carrying less than 10 stone. 
 
 In March, 1743, a gold watch valued at £140, 
 was run for; and in February, 1744, over the 
 same course, a finely embroidered jacket of £90 
 value was the prize. In this latrer race, ecich 
 man rode his adversary's horse, and the one who 
 came in last took the jacket. 
 
 In March 1747, racing was held on the Ponds' 
 old field, near Dorchester, where the sports of 
 turf continued for a few years. 
 
 In consequence of the inconvenient distance 
 of "The York Course" from Charleston, and 
 with a view to still further encourage and im- 
 prove the breed of good horses, it was deemed 
 advisable to establish a new course nearer town, 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days IJ^ 
 
 which was accomplished by subscription in 1754. 
 A course was accordingly laid out about a mile 
 from the town and called "The New Market 
 Course." It was situated on the common on 
 Charleston Neck, generally known as "Blake's 
 Tract." Thomas Nightingale, a native of York- 
 shire, held a lease of the property, on which he 
 laid out the New Market Course, until the year 
 1770, when he assigned it to a Mr. Strickland, 
 under whose name the course was known during 
 the latter's management of it. 
 
 On 19th February 1760, the first race over 
 the New Market Course was run, and from this 
 year an increased spirit was manifested in the 
 sports of the turf in South Carolina. In March, 
 1768, races were run at Jacksonborough; in Feb- 
 ruary, 1769, at Ferguson's Ferry; in March of 
 the same year there were races at Beaufort, and 
 soon after they were in successful operation at 
 Childsbury, or Strawberry, in St. John's Parish, 
 at which latter place Mr. Daniel Ravenel and 
 the Harlestons took an active part in keeping up 
 the sport. 
 
 On 31st January 1769, the first race in South 
 Carolina to produce unusual excitement was run 
 between William Henry Drayton's roan horse 
 Adolphus (six years old), by Brutus, and bred 
 in Carolina, and Mr. Thomas Nightingale's im- 
 ported bay horse Shadow (aged) , by Babraham, 
 carrying nine stone each, four-mile heats, over 
 
136 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 the New Market course. The excitement at- 
 tending this race was occasioned by the fact that 
 it was the first match between an imported and 
 a native-bred horse. Shadow won both heats 
 easily in 8 minutes and ^o seconds; odds at start- 
 ing three to one on the winner. 
 
 Shadow covered twenty mares in the Spring 
 of 1769, at £5 sterling. He stood at Walnut 
 Hill, near Dorchester, and afterward was re- 
 moved to Colonel Singleton's plantation at Goose 
 Creek where he remained until the season of 
 1771. In March of this latter year there were 
 races at Chulifinny. 
 
 Josiah Quincy, who visited Charleston in 
 1773, made a brief note in his Journal : "March 
 16 — Spent the morning, ever since five o'clock, 
 in perusing the public records of the Province, 
 etc. ; am now going to the famous races. The 
 races well performed; but Flimnap beat Little 
 David (who had won the last sixteen races) out 
 and out. The last heat the former distanced 
 the latter. The first four-mile heat was per- 
 formed in eight minutes and seventeen seconds, 
 being four miles. £2000 were won and lost at 
 this race, and Flimnap sold at public vendue 
 the same day for £300 sterling. At the races I 
 saw a fine collection of excellent though very 
 high priced horses, and was let a little into the 
 singular art and mystery of the turf." 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 137 
 
 When South Carolina was invaded by the 
 forces of Cornwallis, frequent attempts were 
 made to capture from the farm of Major Harles- 
 ton, Flimnap as a prize, for the fame of the 
 horse had spread throughout the two armies. 
 He was eventually sent into North Carolina, 
 where he remained until the British soldiers 
 were withdrawn from the other Carolina. Many 
 pedigrees of the best horses in America trace 
 back to this sturdy little horse. 
 
 The most distinguished running horses in the 
 infancy of the turf in Carolina were Shadow, 
 Centinel, Borrock Billy, Young Brutus, Babra- 
 ham, Skim, Noble and Flag-o'-Truce. 
 
 At the close of the Revolution a new impulse 
 was given the sports of the turf. Among the 
 gentlemen of South Carolina who now took an 
 active interest in racing were General Wade 
 Hampton, Colonel William Alston, Colonel 
 William Washington, Colonel McPherson, Ma- 
 jor Thompson, Messrs. Sumter, Fenwick, Wig- 
 fall, William Moultrie and Singleton. 
 
rj8 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 North Carolina also introduced some valuable 
 horses before the Revolution: 
 
 Partner (Moore's), a bay horse, bred by the Duke oi 
 Bolton, was imported in 1766. He was foaled by Partner; 
 his dam a sister to Starling (by Bay Bolton) ; his granddara 
 by a son of the Brownlow Turk. 
 
 Sweeper, a black horse, was imported and stood in North 
 Carolina. He was foaled in 1751, by Sloe; his dam by 
 Mogul (a son of the Godolphin Arabian) ; his granddam by 
 Partner; his great granddam by Coneyskins. 
 
 Toby, also called Sporting Toby, a chestnut horse, 14^^ 
 hands, was imported into North Carolina and owned by 
 Colonel William Alston, of racing celebrity. Toby was 
 a son of Janus; his dam by Fox; his granddam by the Bald 
 Galloway. 
 
 In North Carolina the stock was largely na- 
 tive-bred. Clattaux, Comus, David, Deer Legs, 
 Fortunatus, Janus (crippled), Lightfoot, Mark 
 Anthony (Whittaker's) and Monkey w^ere the 
 horses; Deer Legs, Fancy, Fearnaught mare, 
 Hebe, Hob or Nobby, Lucy Pride, Nancy Wil- 
 lis, Silverlegs, Slow and Easy, Squaw, and 
 Switch, were the mares. 
 
 The colonial importers, horse-breeders and 
 sportsmen in North Carolina were Alston, 
 Browne, Chambers, Coudins, Crawford, Floyd, 
 Gould, Johnson (Gov.), Jones, Pope, Puckett, 
 Taylor and Whittaker. 
 
 Races were held at Wilmington before the 
 Revolution. A letter dated at Wilmington, 26th 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days IJQ 
 
 November 1774, reads: "The Continental Con- 
 gress lately held at Philadelphia, representing 
 the several American colonies from Nova Scotia 
 to Georgia, associated and agreed among other 
 things, for themselves and their constituents, to 
 'discontinue and discourage every species of ex- 
 travagance and dissipation, especially all horse- 
 racing, and all kinds of gaming, cock-fighting, 
 exhibitions of shows and plays and other expen- 
 sive diversions and entertainments,' " etc. A 
 warning was posted forbidding the horse-races 
 advertised to be held at Wilmington on Novem- 
 ber the 28th. 
 
 The ban placed upon the sports of the turf and 
 other diversions, however, was lifted after the 
 war and horse-racing was revived with demon- 
 strations of increased interest which was shared 
 by the most distinguished and reputable citizens 
 of the country. 
 
The Thoroughbred Horse 
 
 in Colonial New York, Pennsylvania 
 
 andN^-w England 
 
 r^. 
 
The Thoroughbred Horse in 
 Provincial New York 
 
 In 1625, Hon. Pieter Evertsen Hulst agreed 
 to ship, at his own risk, for the Directors of the 
 Dutch West India Company, one hundred head 
 of cattle, including stallions, mares, steers and 
 cows for breeding; besides all the hogs and sheep 
 deemed requisite. Pursuant to this agreement, 
 three vessels were prepared; one carrying horses, 
 another cows and the third hay. "Each animal 
 had its own stall, with a floor of three feet sand," 
 was well attended and provided with abundance 
 of water and forage. Only two died on the 
 voyage out. The horses referred to were prob- 
 ably of the Flanders breed, of which few traces 
 are said to exist unless it be the Conestoga horse 
 of Pennsylvania. 
 
 With the vessels mentioned, went six families 
 of Walloons and some freemen, forty-five settlers 
 in all, to establish a settlement on Manhattan 
 Island, under the new Director, Willem Ver- 
 hulst, successor to Cornells May, the Company's 
 Director in 1624. 
 
 There were subsequent importations into the 
 New Netherlands under the administration of 
 Governor Wouter Van Twiller, between 1633 
 
144 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 and 1638. Father Isaac Jogues, a Jesuit mis- 
 sionary in Central New York in 1644, informs 
 us "that when anyone was desirous of settling in 
 the Novum Belgium, he was loaned horses, cows, 
 etc., and given a certain quantity of provisions, 
 which he repaid at his own convenience. The 
 same authority says that at Rensselaerwick on 
 the Nassau or North River, the people had a 
 great stock of horses." 
 
 Six years later, Cornelis Van Tienhoven, 
 Secretary of the Province, states that a young 
 mare with her second or third foal was worth 
 150 to 160 florins ($60) and a four or five year 
 old stallion 130 florins. Arnoldus Montanus, in 
 his "Description of the New Netherlands," pub- 
 lished at Amsterdam in 1671, says: "The horses 
 are brought from England or from the diocese 
 of Utrecht, the latter excelling the English." 
 
 From the foregoing, it is evident that fre- 
 quent importations of horses were made into 
 New York at an early period, but it is believed 
 without any particular reference to blood. For 
 some time prior to the American Revolution, 
 however, a spirit of emulation existed and the 
 thoroughbred horse became an object of interest. 
 
 "Among the earliest of our importations 
 which laid a foundation broad and deep of the 
 racing stock of the North," were the following: 
 
 Wildair, a bay horse, bred by Mr, Swinburne, and im- 
 ported into New York about 1763 by Colonel James Dc- 
 Lancy, of King's Bridge. This horse was foaled in 1753 by 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 145 
 
 Cade (son of the Godolphin Arabian) out of a dam by 
 Steady (son of Flying Childers) . His seventh dam was a 
 daughter of Place's IVhite Turk. So valuable a horse was 
 he that he was repurchased and shipped back to England 
 about 1773, where he was let out at 40 guineas a head. 
 JVildair was sire to Colonel Sim's Maryland horse, Wildair, 
 to DeLancy's Sultana, and others. 
 
 The Cub mare, imported by Colonel DeLancy about the 
 same time as Wildair. She was bred by Mr, Leedes, and 
 was one lof the most valuable mares ever brought to this 
 country, many of the best horses in America tracing to 
 her either on the dam or the sire's side. She was foaled 
 in 1762, by Cub out of the Aratnanthus dam (by Second); 
 her seventh dam by Place's White Turk; her eighth dam 
 by Dodsworth. 
 
 Sloven, a black horse, 16 hands, imported into New 
 
 York in 1764 or 1765. He was foaled in 1756 by Cub; 
 
 his dam by the Bolton Starling; his granddam by the God- 
 olphin Arabian.. 
 
 Lath, a bay horse, 15^ hands, bred by Mr. Vernon and 
 imported by Colonel DeLancy in 1768. In that year he 
 won the fifty pounds weight for age plate at New Market, 
 Long Island. In 1769 he won the Jockey Club purse of 
 £100 at Philadelphia, beating the best horses from the 
 South. In 1770 he won again the iioo at the same place 
 and in 1771 came in winner at New Market, Long Island. 
 Lath was foaled in 1763, by Shepherd's Crab, son of old 
 Crab; his dam by Lath, son of the Godolphin Arabian: 
 his granddam by Flying Childers. 
 
 Other early thoroughbred importations into 
 New York were: 
 
 Black Prince, bred by Mr. Bethell and imported by 
 Aaron Ramsey. He was foaled in 1760 by Babraham out 
 of Riot (by Regulus). 
 
146 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Creeper, a bay horse, bred by Lord A. Hamilton. He 
 was foaled in 1768 by Tandem out of Harriet (by 
 Mate hem). 
 
 Genius, a bay horse, bred by Mr, Keck, and stood in 
 New York. He was foaled in 1753 by Babraham out of 
 Aura (by Stamford Turk). 
 
 Granby, also called Marquis of Granby, a bay horse, 
 bred by Mr. Wildman. He is probably the same as Samuels' 
 Granby that ran at Philadelphia in 1767. He was foaled 
 in 1759, by Blank out of a dam by Crab. 
 
 Fair Rachel, a chestnut mare, bred by Benjamin Rogers, 
 of Middleham, near Epsom, and imported by Colonel De- 
 Lancy. She was foaled in 1753, by Babraham out of a 
 dam by the Bolton Starling. Pick says: "She was a mare 
 of great power and strength ; had an uncommon share of 
 goodness and lastingness". She won a large number of 
 plates. 
 
 Of the New York native-bred stock we men- 
 tion: 
 
 Bashaw, a bay horse, 15^ hands, foaled 1768 by im- 
 ported Wildair and bred by Colonel DeLancy ; his dam by 
 imported Cub. He ran in Maryland in 1772, and left his 
 impress upon his descendants. 
 
 Nettle, a bay mare, daughter of imported Granby out 
 of Nell Gwynne (by imported J anus) ^ foaled 1768 and 
 bred by Colonel DeLancy. She ran in Maryland in 1773, 
 and was owned in 1780 by Horatio Turpin of Virginia. 
 And Sultana, daughter of imported Wildair, bred and 
 owned by Colonel DeLanc5\ She ran in Maryland in 1772, 
 1773. Also, Ruth Blacklegs, bred by Colonel DeLancy, 
 and the Wildair mare, bred and owned by Joseph Ander- 
 son ; both daughters of irfiported Wildair. 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days I4J 
 
 Colonel DeLancy was also the owner of True Briton 
 (son of Lloyd's Maryland horse Traveller, son of Morton's 
 imported Traveller out of Tayloe's imported Jenny Cam- 
 eron). The dam of True Briton was Betty Leedcs, 
 daughter of Babraham by the Godolphin Arabian, and out 
 of a mare by the Bolton Starling. 
 
 Long Island was the chief place for horse- 
 racing as far back in time as 1665, when Govern- 
 or NichoUs announced that a horse-race would 
 be held at Hempstead, or Salisbury Plains, "not 
 so much for the divertissement of youth as for 
 encouraging the bettering the breed of horses, 
 which through great neglect had been impaired." 
 
 In 1669, Governor Lovelace ordered that 
 races should be run in May of each year over 
 this course, the prize being "a crown in silver or 
 the value thereof in wheat." In 1670, Daniel 
 Denton, an early settler of Jamaica, L. I., men- 
 tions this plain as extending for sixteen miles in 
 length and four miles in breadth, and located 
 near the middle of Long Island. The race- 
 course was called New Market, and was situated 
 near the Isle of Trees, or where Hyde Park is at 
 present. 
 
 A London racing-book of 1776 says of the 
 Hempstead New Market course: "These plains 
 are celebrated for their races throughout all the 
 colonies and even in England. They are held 
 twice a year for a silver cup, to which the gentry 
 of New England and New York resort." 
 
148 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 As early as 1757, there was a track in Jamai- 
 ca, Long Island, around Beaver Pond; another 
 on the Lispenard Meadows in Greenwich Vil- 
 lage (old Ninth Ward) ; and a running-track 
 owned by the DeLancys in 1776, fronting on the 
 Bowery, the stable being on old First Street 
 (now Chrystie) and the paddock on old Second 
 Street (now Forsyth). There was a course at 
 Newtown, L. L, in 1758, one at Harlem and an- 
 other at Newburgh. 
 
 The chief racing stables in the Province of 
 New York were those of Mr. Lewis Morris, Jr., 
 and of Mr. James DeLancy. The former won 
 a reputation with American Childers; the latter 
 with his imported horse Lath. "The DeLancy 
 stables were the most costly in the North, and 
 their colors were seen on every course for ten 
 years before the Revolution." 
 
 On 24th February, 172 1, a race was held on 
 the New Market (Hempstead) course which at- 
 tracted attention. The race was given by "the 
 inhabitants of Queens County on Nassau Island;' 
 and the winning horse was owned by Samuel 
 Bayard. In October 1726, a subscription plate 
 of £20 was run for on the course at New York. 
 In 1742, a race was run on the Church Farm just 
 northwest of the old Astor House property site. 
 
 On 4th June 1750, the "New York Postboy" 
 announced: "On Friday last there was a great 
 horse-race on Hempstead Plains which engaged 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 14Q 
 
 the attention of so many of the city of New York 
 that upwards of 70 chairs and chaises were car- 
 ried over Brooklyn Ferry the day before, besides 
 a far greater number of horses. The number 
 of horses on the plains exceeded, it is thought, 
 one thousand." In October of this year, Lewis 
 Morris, Jr.'s horse won on the Church Farm 
 course. 
 
 In 1763, the "New York Mercury" tells of a 
 "Free Masons' Purse" for best two in three 
 heats, each heat three times round Beaver Pond. 
 Freemasons were to be "inspectors" of this race. 
 
 In 1764, the Macaroni Club offered £100 
 and £50 prizes. At these races DeLancy's horse 
 Lath was the winner. On 28th September 1769, 
 Lath won a £100 race at Philadelphia. In 
 October 1770, Jacob Hiltzheimer, the well 
 known horse-breeder of Philadelphia, appeared 
 at the track on Hempstead Plains, where two 
 purses of £50 were offered, but his chestnut 
 horse Regulus failed to capture the prizes. 
 
 Before or during the Revolution, the English 
 officers quartered about New York had estab- 
 lished a race-track on Long Island, and we know 
 of one instance, at least, when one of these of- 
 ficers surreptitiously "borrowed" a fine horse 
 belonging to one of the inhabitants to match him 
 in a race. The horse was restored, after the 
 race, to the rightful owner upon complaint of 
 the latter. 
 
The Thoroughbred Horse in 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Pennsylvania never shone conspicuously on 
 the early racing turf, a fact which may be ex- 
 plained on account of the attitude with respect 
 to amusements maintained by the Quaker settlers 
 of that Province. The Philadelphia Yearly 
 Meeting in 1716, advised Friends "that such be 
 dealt with as run races, either on horseback or on 
 foot, laying wagers or use any gaming or need- 
 less and vain sports and pastimes, for our time 
 passeth swiftly away, and our pleasure and de- 
 light ought to be in the law of the Lord." 
 
 The Belsize Arabian, a grey horse, was imported into 
 Pennsylvania and stood in Philadelphia in 1768. He was 
 much admired for his beautiful form and elegant carriage 
 which, with his strength and size, rendered him equally 
 qualified for mixing his blood with American racing mares, 
 as well as those kept for other purposes ; the Arabian horses 
 being remarkable for stamping their figure and other quali- 
 ties on their stock. 
 
 Northumberland, also called the "Irish Grey", was bred 
 by Lord Mazarine and imported with his full sister Lady 
 Northumberland, by Mr. Crow. He was foaled by 
 Bustard out of a dam by Crab; his granddam by Babraham. 
 He stood in Philadelphia in 1768 and raced there in 1767, 
 when he was defeated by Galloway's Maryland horse Sel'un. 
 
152 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Old England, a bay horse, imported about the same time 
 as Northumberland, belonged to Mr. Leary. He ran at 
 Philadelphia in 1767 and was defeated by Selim of Mary- 
 land. He was begot by Old England (foaled 1741, by the 
 Godolphin Arabian out of the Little Hartley mare that was 
 dam of Bartlett's Childers). 
 
 Whirligig, a dark bay, was imported into Philadelphia 
 in 1773, by Captain Allen. He was a successful racer and 
 stood in North Carolina. He was a son of Lord Port- 
 more's Captain; his dam by the Devonshire Blacklegs; his 
 fourth dam by D'Arcy's royal mare. 
 
 Fellow, a chestnut horse, foaled 1757 by Cade, and the 
 Pacolet mare, also called Molly Pacolet, foaled 1768 by 
 Pacolet out of Whiteneck (by Crab) were other Pennsyl- 
 vania importations. 
 
 The native-bred blooded stock shows: 
 
 Granby, Liberty, Lovelace, Mercator, Peacock, and Stamp. 
 
 In 1761, appears the first public announce- 
 ment of a race, wherein, it is stated, the terms of 
 running the intended races "at the Centre race 
 ground — to run three times round the Course 
 each heat." These grounds at the time were 
 familiarly called "the Governor's Woods". At 
 the Center Square the races were continued until 
 the Revolution. There were, apparently, regu- 
 lar race meetings at Philadelphia as early as 
 1767. 
 
The Horse in New England 
 
 It is stated, according to Prince's Annals, 
 that there were no horses in New England in 
 1632, but that they evidently made their appear- 
 ance between that year and 1636. In June 1636, 
 Rev. Thomas Hooker and Rev. Samuel Stone, 
 with about one hundred settlers from Massa- 
 chusetts, arrived in Connecticut and founded 
 Hartford. "Mrs. Hooker was carried in a 
 horse-litter." 
 
 However, Mr. Henry W. Herbert, the editor 
 of Frank Forester's "The Horse of America," 
 informs us that in 1629 horses and mares were 
 brought into the plantations of Massachusetts 
 Bay, by Francis Higginson, formerly of Lei- 
 cestershire, from which county many of the ani- 
 mals were imported. 
 
 Dr. John Clarke (1598-1664), of Boston, 
 brother-in-law to Sir Richard Saltonstall, in- 
 troduced a breed at Plymouth known by his 
 name. His will left his large stock of horses, 
 mares and colts, both in the Massachusetts and 
 the Plymouth colonies, to his son John and his 
 daughter Mrs. Drew. In 1650, horses and other 
 cattle were especially abundant in New Eng- 
 land, and a good mare brought from 100 to 120 
 
154 Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 florins, and a stallion lOO florins (about $35) , we 
 are told by a Dutch authority. 
 
 Prior to the Revolution, there was in Con- 
 necticut a noted imported horse called Ranger, 
 later known as Lindsay's Arabian, that was 
 brought into the colony in 1766, when four years 
 old. He is described as a white horse, of the 
 most perfect form and symmetry, rather above 
 15 hands high, possessing high and gallant tem- 
 per, which gave him a lofty and commanding 
 carriage and appearance. 
 
 The history of this horse is interesting. Ac- 
 cording to the story told by one who saw him in 
 his later years, he was presented by the Emperor 
 of Morocco to the Commander of a British frig- 
 ate for some important service rendered by the 
 latter to the son of the Emperor. He was ship- 
 ped on board the frigate with the expectation 
 of obtaining a great price for him if safely 
 landed in England. For some reason, the vessel 
 called at one of the West India islands where, 
 being obliged to remain for some time, the cap- 
 tain in compassion to the horse allowed him to 
 range for exercise in a large but enclosed lumber 
 yard. In a spirit of playfulness, the horse as- 
 cended one of the piles of lumber and fell, break- 
 ing three of his legs. 
 
 In the same harbor, at that time, there hap- 
 pend to be an old acquaintance of the British 
 captain's, from New England, to whom the 
 
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 15S 
 
 horse was oflfered as an animal of inestimable 
 value, could he be cured. The offer was ac- 
 cepted and the horse brought on board the vessel 
 of the New England captain, who secured him 
 in slings and very carefully set and bound up his 
 broken legs. He was finally landed in Connecti- 
 cut where he must have covered mares for sev- 
 eral seasons. 
 
 About the year 1777 or '78, General Harry 
 Lee of the American Cavalry, and his officers 
 had their attention directed to some very fine 
 horses of the Eastern States that were employed 
 on the public service, and inquiries were made 
 respecting their history, with such interesting 
 results that Captain Lindsay was sent to make a 
 more minute investigation into the matter, and 
 with instructions to purchase the sire of these 
 fine horses, if possible. 
 
 His mission was successful, and Ranger was 
 accordingly purchased and taken to Virginia, 
 where he covered mares at an exceedingly high 
 price and with excellent results. He stood at 
 Mr. Edelin's, near Piscataway, Maryland, in 
 1782. His stock was very valuable, and many 
 capital race-horses and brood-mares were de- 
 scended from him. He was known as Lindsay's 
 Arabian from the circumstances narrated above. 
 
 Mr. Freeman Kilborn of Connecticut im- 
 ported Magnum Bonum, a roan horse. He was 
 bred by Mr. Bethell, and foaled in 1773, by 
 
I S(> Blooded Horses of Colonial Days 
 
 Matchem out of a dam by Swift; his granddam 
 by Regulus; his seventh dam Leedes' Hobby 
 mare by the Lister Turk. 
 
 In the New England States, the settlers of 
 which were for the most part attached to the 
 Puritan party and therefore opposed to all forms 
 of amusements and pastimes as frivolous and un- 
 profitable, and to horse-racing more especially 
 as profane and positively wicked, very few 
 horses of thoroughbred blood were imported 
 and racing has never taken any root in them. 
 No stable of racers was known to the eastward 
 of New York. 
 
 FINIS 
 
INDEX 
 
 Page 
 
 Alston, Col. William 137 
 
 Ambler, Edward 106 
 
 Anderson, Joseph 146 
 
 Baltimore, Lord 37, 50 
 
 Barnes, Col. Abraham 67, 73, 96 
 
 Bayard, Samuel 148 
 
 Baylor, George 105 
 
 Baylor, Col. John 64, 74, 86. 100, 103-4, 106, 121, 125 
 
 Beall, William 30 
 
 Beanes, Mr 64, 65, Ti, 90 
 
 Beckwith, Sir Marmaduke 106 
 
 "Belair" 35, 38, 39, 42-45 
 
 Bladen, Ann 36, 41 
 
 Bladen, Thomas Zd, Z7 
 
 Bland, Theodorick 62, 74, 79-96, 106, 116-121, 123-128 
 
 Boone, Mr 133 
 
 Booth, Mordecai 101, 106 
 
 Bowery. The 148 
 
 Bowie Station 39 
 
 Bowie Family 45 
 
 Braddock, Gen. Edward 45 
 
 Braxton, Carter 103, 106, 114-121 128 
 
 Brent, William 52, 79-96, 106, 120, 121, 124-128 
 
 Brogden, William 71, 77 
 
 Brooke, Thomas, Jr 30 
 
 Browne, Mr 138 
 
 Bucephalus 14 
 
 Bullen, Mr 59, 60, 70, 73, 79-96, 115 
 
 Burnaby, Rev. Andrew 99 
 
 Burwell, Col. Lewis 91, 93, 94, 106, 115-121, 125-128 
 
 Butler, Capt 56,75, 82 
 
 Byrd, Col. William 47, 56, 74, 94, 106, 114-121 128 
 
 Cadwalader, Gen. John 71, 77 
 
 Calvert, Benedict 47, 58-60, 7i, 79-96, 115 
 
 Carroll "of Carrollton," Charles 66, 71, 7Z, 77, 86 
 
 Carter, Landon 106 
 
 Carter, Robert 40 
 
 Caruthers, James 106 
 
 "Catton" 38 
 
 Chambers, Mr 138 
 
Page 
 
 Cheswell, Col HI, 121, 124 
 
 Chew, Ann 46 
 
 Chew, Benjamin 46 
 
 Chickashaw Breed 131 
 
 Christie, James 58 
 
 Churchill, Mr 133 
 
 Churchill, WiUiam 106 
 
 Clarke, Dr. John 153 
 
 Cocke, Brazure Ill, 122, 128 
 
 Coke, Mr 50 
 
 Colville, Col 103, 107 
 
 Conestoga Wagon Horse 143 
 
 Conner, John 29, 30, 55 
 
 Conway, Peter 107, 121, 122, 126 
 
 Coudins, Mr 138 
 
 Coursey, Edward 71, 11 
 
 Craddock, Mr 100 
 
 Crawford, Mr 138 
 
 Crow, Mr 151 
 
 Darnall, John 32 
 
 Davidson, Major John 71, 11 
 
 DeLancy, Col. James 64-67, 74, 79-96, 118, 121, 144-149 
 
 Digges, Ignatius 56, 70, 73, 87, 95 
 
 Drayton, William Henry 133, 135 
 
 Drummond, Mr Ill 
 
 Dulany, Daniel 40. 62, 63, IZ, 87, 89 
 
 Duvall, Judge G 51 
 
 Duvall, Howard 54 
 
 Duvall, Mareen 38 
 
 Duvall, Samuel 107 
 
 Early Racing Announcements 29, 55. Ill, 134. 148. 152 
 
 Eden, Gov. (Sir) Robert 47, 62-63, 65, 67. 68, 12>, 
 
 79-96, 117-121 
 
 Edloe, John 107. 114-122, 127 
 
 "Enfield Chase" 38 
 
 Evans, Capt. William 107 
 
 Farley, J. P 119 
 
 Farrell, Kennedy 32 
 
 Fauntleroy, Moore 66. 74. 87, 107. 118-122. 124-128 
 
 Fenwick, Mr 133, 137 
 
 Ferrers, Master of Horse 17 
 
 Fitzhugh, William 63-67, 74. 79-96, 107, 117-122, 125-128 
 
 Flanders Breed 143 
 
Page 
 
 Floyd, Mr 138 
 
 Frederick, Prince of Wales 37, 50 
 
 Free Masons' Purse 149 
 
 Galloway, John 46 
 
 Galloway, Joseph 11 
 
 Galloway, Richard 46 
 
 Galloway, Samuel Z2>, 45, 46, 52, 54, 61, 63, 66 
 
 69, 71, IZ, 11, 79-96, 115-121, 151 
 
 Gantt. Capt. Thomas, Jr 57, 59, IZ, 79-96 
 
 Gibbes, Mr 133 
 
 Godolphin Arabian 21, 49, 50, 84 
 
 "Godolphin Arabian of Md." 51 
 
 "Godolphin Arabian of Va." 100 
 
 Godolphin, Earl of 49, 50, 52 
 
 Goode, John 101, 107 
 
 Gough, Harry Dorsey 68, 73, 79-96 
 
 Gould, Mr 138 
 
 Gower, John 107 
 
 Greenwich Village 148 
 
 Gregory, Roger 107, 116, 122, 124 
 
 Grymes, Benjamin 107, 120, 122, 126 
 
 Gullfaxi 15 
 
 Hall, Henry 47. 59, 60, 62, 73, 79-96 
 
 Hall, Richard Bennett 77 
 
 Hamilton, Duke of 53 
 
 Hamilton, Dr. Thomas 28, 33, 46, 53, 54, 59-67, 69, 
 
 70, 12,, 79-96, 115-121 
 Hammond, William — See illustration opp. page 80. 
 
 Hampton Court 21 
 
 Hampton. Gen. Wade 137 
 
 Hardyman, Capt. Littleberry 105, 107, 114-122,126-128 
 
 Hardyman, William 107,119, 122 
 
 Harleston, Edward 133, 135 
 
 Harris, Col. James 107 
 
 Harrison, Mr 56, 75, 79-96 
 
 Harrison, Capt. Henry 107 
 
 Harrison, Nathaniel 102. 107 
 
 Harrison, Samuel 11 
 
 Harwood, Thomas 30 
 
 Haynes, Mr 101 
 
 Heath, Daniel 59. 66. 73, 79-96 
 
 Henderson. Rev. Jacob 38 
 
 Higginson. Francis 153 
 
 Hiltzheimer, Jacob 149 
 
 Hopper. Capt 57. 13, 89 
 
Page 
 Horses : 
 
 Md. Importations 26, 50-54, 73-74 
 
 In Md. Turf Contests 55-71, 79-96 
 
 Md. Racers and Their Owners 73-74, 79-96 
 
 Va. Racers vs. Md 74, 79-96 
 
 Va. Importations 100-104 
 
 In Va. Turf Contests 114-121 
 
 Va. Racers and Their Owners 121-122 
 
 S. C. Importations 131-132 
 
 S. C. Native-bred 132 
 
 S. C. Racers 137 
 
 N. C. Native-bred 138 
 
 N. Y. Racers vs. Md 74, 79-96, 146 
 
 N. Y. Importations 144 
 
 Pa. Importations 151 
 
 Pa. Native-bred 152 
 
 Howard, Col. John E 67, 71, 11 
 
 Hrimf axi 15 
 
 Huger, Frank 132, 133 
 
 Hulst, Pieter Evertsen 143 
 
 Ijams, William 64-66, 12>, 79-96 
 
 Izard, Mr 133 
 
 Jockey Clubs 21, 26, 30, 52, 70, 11, 113, 133 
 
 Jogues, Rev. Isaac 144 
 
 Johnson, Governor 138 
 
 Jones, Mr 138 
 
 Jones, Charles 107, 114-122, 126-128 
 
 "Ladies' Purse" 62 
 
 "Larkin's Forest" 38 
 
 Laws Concerning Horses in Maryland 25, 26 
 
 Leary, Mr 75, 88. 152 
 
 Lee, Gen. Henry 155 
 
 Lee, Philip 107 
 
 Lee, Richard 102, 107, 115-122, 126-128 
 
 Lightfoot, Armistead 107, 122, 126 
 
 Lightfoot, William 107 
 
 Lindsay, Capt. William 112, 155 
 
 Lispenard, Meadows 148 
 
 Littlepage, James 107 
 
 Lloyd, Col. Edward. .47, 63, 64, 66, 70, 11, 79-96, 103, 117-121, 147 
 
 Lloyd, Richard B H 
 
 Lonsdale, Lord 102 
 
 Lovelace, Gov 147 
 
 Lowndes, Christopher 40 
 
 Lux, Darby — See illustration opp. page 80. 
 
 Lyles, Mr 67 
 
Page 
 
 McCarty, Daniel 61-64, 74, 79-96, 107, 116-128 
 
 McPherson, Col 137 
 
 MacCubbin, James n 
 
 MacGill, Patrick 47, 61, 70, 11, 79-96 
 
 Macklin, Mr 107 
 
 Mansell, Mr 132, 133 
 
 Maryland Gazette passim. 
 
 Maryland Jockey Club 26, 70, 77 
 
 Maryland Sportsmen 73 
 
 Mason, Thomson 107 
 
 Masters, Mr 63-66, 75, 79-96, 117-121 
 
 Matthews Family 132 
 
 Mercer, Col. John 107 
 
 Middleton, William 133 
 
 Minor, Thomas 107, 121, 122, 124-128 
 
 Mitchell, Henry 107 
 
 Morris, Lewis, Jr 148 
 
 Morton, James 93, 147 
 
 Moultrie, William 133, 137 
 
 "Mount Airy" 33, 45, 105, 106 
 
 "Mount Calvert Manor" 53 
 
 Murdock's Old Fields 30 
 
 Murray, Dr. William 71, 77 
 
 Myrant, John 132, 133 
 
 Nelson, Major John 107 
 
 Nevins, Mr 64, 75, 84 
 
 "New York Mercury" 149 
 
 "New York Post Boy" 148 
 
 Nicholas, George 107 
 
 NichoUs, Gov 147 
 
 Nicholson, Col 67, 68, 74, 89, 118 
 
 Nightingale, Thomas 133, 135 
 
 Ogle, Ann (Tasker) 40,41 
 
 Ogle, Benjamin 40-43, 64, 66, 71, 74, 77, 81 
 
 Ogle, Samuel (Gov.) 26, 27, 32, 33, 35-42, 50, 55, 74, 90, 92 
 
 Ogle House at Annapolis 42 
 
 Orr, Mr 75. 88 
 
 Paca, Gov. William 70, 77 
 
 Page, Mann 108, 119-122, 124-128 
 
 Parker, Mr 133 
 
 Patton, Samuel 108 
 
 Pearce, Henry W 71, 77 
 
 Plater, Col. George 56, 106 
 
 Plater, Gov. George 71, 77, 106 
 
Page 
 
 Plater, Rebecca 106 
 
 Poindexter, Geo. B 108 
 
 Pope, Mr 138 
 
 Price, Halcott 119 
 
 Pride, James 108 
 
 Prince's Annals 153 
 
 Procter, Mr 108, 119-121, 122, 125 
 
 Puckett, Mr 138 
 
 Puritans Opposed to Racing 156 
 
 Quakers Opposed to Racing 151 
 
 Quarter-Racing 26, 113 
 
 Quincy, Josiah 136 
 
 Races, Report of 68 
 
 Race Tracks (Private) 45, 106 
 
 Racing Centers 27, 28, 31, 47, 53, 76, 111, 113, 121, 
 
 134-139, 147-149 
 
 Racing Memorabilia 52, 79-96, 111-121, 134-139, 147-149 
 
 Ramsey, Aaron 145 
 
 Randolph, Thos. N 108, 114-122, 124 
 
 Ravenel, Dr. Daniel 132, 135 
 
 Remarkable Race, A 32 
 
 Rice, Mr 57 
 
 "Ridgely's Addition" 38 
 
 Ridgely, Charles — See Illustration opp page 80. 
 
 Ridgely, Col. Henry 38 
 
 Ridout, John 40 
 
 Risteau, Isaac 58 
 
 Roberts, Robert 62, 74. 84 
 
 Robinson, Maximilian 108, 119, 122, 127 
 
 Ruffin, Robert 108 
 
 Russell, Thomas 11 
 
 Salisbury Plains 147 
 
 Samuels, Mr 75, 84 
 
 Scrub Races 26, 99 
 
 Sharpe, Gov. Horatio 33, 40, 45-47, 50, 56, 57, 
 
 61,63,74,79-96,117 
 
 Shaw, Samuel 108 
 
 Shuttleworth, Dr 62, 64. 75, 79-96, 116 
 
 Sim, Col. Joseph 47, 59, 63-65, 67. 74, 93, 117, 145 
 
 Singleton, Col 136, 137 
 
 Skipwith, Sir P 108 
 
 Slaughter, Robert 66, 74, 79-96, 108, 118-123, 128 
 
Page 
 
 Sleepner 15 
 
 Smith, William 108, 120, 122, 128 
 
 Spotswood, Alex 63, 64. 74. 79-96, 108, 117-123, 128 
 
 Sprigg, Richard 60. 70, 74, 77,92 
 
 Steuart, Charles 71, 77 
 
 Steuart, Dr. James 71, 77 
 
 Steuart, William 71,77 
 
 Stoddert, Benj. C 71, 11 
 
 Stone, Col. John 71,77 
 
 Sumter, Mr 137 
 
 Symmes, Col. John 102, 108 
 
 Taliaferro, Walker 108, 120, 122 128 
 
 Tasker, Ann 36, 39, 41 
 
 Tasker, Col. Benj., Jr Z2>, 40-45, 51, 54, 56, 74, 79-96, 114 
 
 Tasker, Hon. Benj., Sr 36, 38-41 
 
 Tasker, Elizabeth 40 
 
 Tasker, Frances 40 
 
 Tasker, Rebecca 40 
 
 Tasker, Thomas 40, 41 
 
 Tasker's Stud 45 
 
 Tasker's Vineyard 44 
 
 Tayloe, Col. John 1 105 
 
 Tayloe, Col. John II 33, 45, 47, 56, 60, 62, 74, 79-96 
 
 102, 103, 105, 108, 114-128, 147 
 
 Tayloe, Col. John III II 
 
 Tayloe's Stud 106 
 
 Taylor, Mr 138 
 
 Thomas, Mr 69, 75, 79-96 
 
 Thomas, Mary 46 
 
 Thompson, Major 137 
 
 Thornton, Col. Francis 47, 56, 69, 74, 86, 108, 114-122 
 
 Thornton, Col. Presley 108 
 
 Thornton, Peter Presley 108, 120, 123 
 
 Tilghman, James, Jr 71, 77 
 
 "Tulip Hill" ii, 45, 46, 52 
 
 Turnbull, Mr 108, 114-122, 126 
 
 Turpin, Horatio 146 
 
 Turpin, Capt. Thomas 108 
 
 Tyler, Robert 59, 74, 79-96 
 
 Van Tienhoven, Cornelia 144 
 
 Van Twiller, Gov. Wouter 143 
 
 Virginia Gazette, passim. 
 
 Va. Importers, Breeders and Sportsmen 104-106 
 
 Va. Native-Bred Horses, etc 109 
 
Page 
 
 Walker, John 108 
 
 Walthoe, Nathaniel 108, 116. 122, 124-128 
 
 Warren, Mr 66, 74, 79-96, 118-122, 127 
 
 Washington, George 48, 108 
 
 Washington, William 137 
 
 Waters, Mr 65, 74, 87. 89 
 
 ^ Whiting, Francis 108, 115-122, 125 
 
 Whittaker, Mr 138 
 
 Wickham, Capt. Nath ' 32 
 
 Wigfall, Mr 137 
 
 Williams, Roger 50 
 
 Williamson, Mr 133 
 
 Willis, Augustine 105 
 
 Willis, Col. John 105, 108 
 
 Winston, William 108 
 
 Wolstenholme, Daniel 74, 93, 96 
 
 "Woodcock Range" 38 
 
 Woodward, William 39 
 
 Wormeley, Ralph 108 
 
 Worrell, Edward 62, 74, 79-96 
 
 Yieldhall, William 59, 79-96 
 
 Young, Notley 61, 69, 74, 79-96 
 
 Young, Col. William 58 
 
um'-0u