THE LffiRARY OF THE 
 UNIVERSITY OF 
 NORTH CAROLINA 
 AT CHAPEL HILL 
 
 ENDOWED BY THE 
 DIALECTIC AND PHILANTHROPIC 
 SOCIETIES 
 
0001 92- f If? 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2014 
 
 https://archive.org/details/sirfrancisdrakehOOmayn 
 
WORKS ISSUED BY 
 
 SIR FRANCIS DRAKE 
 HIS VOYAGE, 
 1595. 
 
 M.DCCC.XLIX. 
 
THE 
 
 HAKLUYT SOCIETY. 
 
 ÍPrestíicnt. 
 
 SIR RODERICK IMPEY MURCHISON, G.C.StS., F.R.S., 
 Corr. Mem. Inst Fr., Hon. Mem. Imp. Acad. Sc. SL Petersburg, &c.. Sec. 
 
 Vice-Admibal SIR CHARLES MALCOLM, Ex. 1 The Rev. H. H. MILMAN, M.A. 
 
 douncil. 
 
 CHARLES T. BEKE, Esq., Phi]. D., F.S.A. 
 Capt. C. R. D. BETHUNE, R.N., C.B. 
 Capt. F. p. BLACKWOOD, R.N. 
 Maj.-Gen. J. BRIGGS, F.R.S. 
 BOLTON CORNEY, Esq., M.R.S.L. 
 Sir henry ELLIS, K.H., F.R.S. 
 JOHN FORSTER, Esq. 
 J. E. GRAY, Esq., F.R.S. 
 
 JOHN WINTER JONES, Esq. 
 
 R. H. MAJOR, Esq. 
 
 R. MONCKTON MILNES, Esq., M.P. 
 
 CHARLES NEWTON, Esq. 
 
 Rev. G. C. RENOUARD, M.A. 
 
 W. B. RYE, Esq. 
 
 Sir ROBERT SCHOMBURGK. 
 
 ANDREW SMITH, Esq., M.D. 
 
 Sir GEORGE T. STAUNTON, Bart, M.P., F.R.S. 
 WILLIAM DESBOROUGH COOLEY, F.R.G.S. 
 Messrs. BOUVERIE and Co., 11. Hatmarket. 
 
 THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY, which is estabUshed for the purpose 
 of printing rare or unpublished Voyages and Travels, aims at opening 
 by this means an easier access to the sources of a branch of know- 
 ledge, which yields to none in importance, and is superior to most in 
 agreeable variety. The narratives of travellers and navigators make us 
 
 602551 
 
acquainted with the earth, its inhabitants and productions ; they exhibit 
 the growth of intercourse among mankind, with its effects on civilization, 
 and, while instructing, they at the same time awaken attention, by 
 recounting the toils and adventiires of those who first explored unknown 
 and distant regions. 
 
 The advantage of an Association of this kind, consists not merely in its 
 system of literary co-operation, but also in its economy. The acquire- 
 ments, taste, and discrimination of a number of individuals, who feel an 
 interest in the same pursuit, are thus brought to act in voluntary com- 
 bination, and the ordinary charges of publication are also avoided, so that 
 the volumes produced, are distributed among the Members (who can alone 
 obtain them) at little more than the cost of printing and paper. The 
 Society expends nearly the whole of its funds in printing works for the 
 Members ; and since the cost of each copy varies inversely as the whole 
 number of copies printed, it is obvious that the Members are gainers 
 individually by the prosperity of the Society, and the consequent vigour 
 of its operations. 
 
 The Members are requested to bear in mind that the power of the 
 Council to make advantageous arrangements, will depend, in a great 
 measure, on the prompt payment of the subscriptions, which are payable 
 in advance on the 1st January, and are received by 
 
 The Secretary, William Desborough Cooley, 33, King-street, Blooms- 
 hury; or at the London Library, 12, St. Jameses-square; and by 
 T. RoDD, 9, Great Newport-street, Leicester-square, who is the Society's 
 Agent for the delivery of its volumes. 
 
3 
 
 mxtaiJv gubltáljcíí. 
 
 THE OBSERVATIONS OF SIR RICHARD HAWKINS, Knt. 
 
 In his Voyage into the South Sea in 1593. Reprinted from the edition of 
 1622, and edited by Capt. C. R. Drink-water Bethijjíe, R.N., C.B. 
 
 SELECT LETTERS OF COLUMBUS, 
 
 With Original Documents relating to the Discovery of the New World. 
 Translated and Edited by R. H. Major, Esq. 
 
 THE DISCOVERIE OF THE EMPIRE OF GUIANA, 
 By Sir Walter Ralegh, Knt. Edited, with Copious Explanatory Notes, 
 and a Biographical Memoir, by Sir Robert H. Schomburgk, Phil. D., &c. 
 
 SIR FRANCIS DRAKE HIS VOYAGE, 1595, 
 
 By Thomas Matnarde, together with the Spanish Account of Drake's 
 Attack on Puerto Rico, edited from the Original MSS. 
 by W. D. Cooley. 
 
 CUSBor^s in progress. 
 
 Narratives of Voyages made for the Discovery of a Passage by the 
 Northwest to Cathaia and India, from a.d, 1490 to a.d. 1631, with 
 Illustrations from unpublished MSS. by Thomas Rundall. 
 
 Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii. The earliest Account of Russia, 
 by Sigismund von Herberstein, to be translated from the rare 
 editions of 1549 and 1556, by R. H. Major, Esq. 
 
 The East India Voyage of Sir Henry Middleton, in 1604-5. From the 
 rare edition of 1606, edited by Bolton Corney, Esq. 
 
4 
 
 WSñorks Suggestelr to tje Council for ^utlícation. 
 
 TaADESCAJTT THE Eldeb IN RussiA, 1618. — A Review of the early 
 Voyages in the North, and of the origin of the Commercial 
 Intercourse between England and Russia, by Dr. J. Hamel, 1847, 
 to be translated from tbe German. 
 
 Cabpini and Rubruquis. — The Travels of Jobn de Piano Carpini, and of 
 Guillaume de Rubruquis, to the Great Kban of Tartary, in 1245 
 and 1253 respectively. Translated from the text published by the 
 Société de Géograplüe of Paris. 
 
 Fbescobaldi.— The Travels of Frescobaldi in Egypt and Syria, in 1384. 
 Translated from tbe Italian text as edited by Manzi. 
 
 Bethencoubt. — A History of the Discovery and Conquest of the Canary 
 Islands, made by Jean de Bethencourt, in 1402-25. From the 
 French Narrative of his Chaplains, Pierre Bontier and Jean le 
 Verrier. 
 
 Ca da Mosto. — The Voyages of Ca da Mosto along the Western Coast of 
 Africa, in 1454. Translated from the Italian text of 1507. 
 
 Vabthem A. — The Travels of Ludovico de Varthema, in Egypt, Syria, Arabia, 
 Persia, India, and Ethiopia, in 1503-8. Translated from the Italian 
 text of 1510. 
 
 Dbake. — The world encompassed by Sir Francis Drake, 1577-80. Written 
 
 by Francis Fletcher, preacher, &c. Collated with a MS. 
 Hakltjtt. — Divers Voyages touching the Discovery of America and the 
 
 Islands adjacent to the same. From the rare edition of 1582. 
 ViBGiNiA. — Virginia in the years 1584-1600; comprising the Narratives 
 
 of Arthur Barlowe, Ralf Lane, Thomas Harriot, <fec. 
 Russia. — Of the Russe Commonwealth. By Giles Fletcher, D.C.L. From 
 
 the suppressed edition of 1591. 
 Cadiz. — A Brief and True Report of the Honourable Voyage to Cadiz, 
 
 1596. From the suppressed edition of 1598, with additions. 
 Teeswell. — The journey of the Earl of Nottingham to Spain, in 1604. 
 
 By R. Treswell, Somerset Herald, with additions. 
 SoFALAH. — The History of Eastern Ethiopia, by J. dos Santos, 1607. 
 
 Translated, with Notes. 
 Colonization. — Pamphlets on Colonization. By Sir William Alexander 
 
 (afterwards Earl of Sterline), and James Hagthorpe. 
 
5 
 
 EaÜJá of tí)t flafeluDt ^odetD. 
 
 I. The object of this Society shall bo to print, for distribution among its 
 members, rare and valuable Voyages, Travels, Naval Expeditions, and other geo- 
 graphical records, from an early period to the beginning of theeighteenth century. 
 
 IL The Annual Subscription shall be One Guinea, payable in advance on 
 the 1st January; but Subscribers shall be at liberty to compound at any time 
 for future years by the payment of ten guineas, and they shaU incur no further 
 liability. 
 
 III. Each member of the Society, having paid his subscription, shall be 
 entitled to a copy of every work produced by the Society, and to vote at the 
 general meetings veithin the period subscribed for; and if he do not signify, 
 before the close of a year, his wish to resign, he shall be considered as a member 
 for the succeeding year. 
 
 IV. The management of the Society's affairs shall be vested in a Council 
 consisting of twenty-one members, namely, a President, two Vice-Presidents, a 
 Secretary, and seventeen ordinary members, to be elected annually ; but vacan- 
 cies occurring between the general meetings shall be filled up by the Council. 
 
 V. A General Meeting of the Subscribers shall be held annually, on the 
 first Thursday in March, when two gentlemen shall be appointed to audit the 
 Society's accounts. The Secretary's Keport on the condition and proceedings 
 of the Society shall be then read, and, along with the Auditor's Eeport, be sub- 
 mitted for approval; and finally, the Meeting shall proceed to elect the Council 
 for the ensuing year. 
 
 VI. At each Annual Election six of the old Council shall retire; and a 
 list of the proposed new Council shall be printed for the subscribers previous to 
 the general meeting. 
 
 VIL The Council shall meet ordinarily on the 3rd Tuesday in every 
 month, excepting August, September and October, for the despatch of business, 
 three forming a quorum, and the Chairman haviug a casting vote. 
 
6 
 
 VHT. Gentlemen preparing and editing works for the Society shall receive 
 twenty-five copies of snch works respectively. 
 
 IX. The number of copies printed of the Society's productions shall not 
 exceed the estimated number of Subscribers; so that after the second year, when 
 the Society may be supposed to have reached its full growth, there shall be no 
 extra copies. 
 
 X. The Society shall appoint Local Secretaries throughout the kingdom, 
 empowered to enrol members, transmit subscriptions, and otherwise forward the 
 Society's interests; and it shall make such arrangements mth its correspondents 
 in the chief provincial towns as will insure to Subscribers residing in the country 
 the regular delivery of their volumes at moderate charges. 
 
 laulesi for ti}t Btlibtxv of ti)c ^oftetu'á 'Folumtá. 
 
 I. The Society's productions will be deKvered without any charge, within 
 three miles of the General Post Ofi&ce. 
 
 II. They will be forwarded to any place beyond that limit, the Society 
 paying the cost of booking, but not of carriage ; nor will it be answerable in this 
 case for any loss or damage. 
 
 III. They will be delivered by the Society's agent, T. Eodd, Great 
 Newport-street, to persons having the written authority of subscribers to receive 
 them. 
 
 IV. They will be sent to the Society's correspondents or agents in the 
 principal tovsms throughout the kingdom; and care shall be taken that the 
 charge for carriage be as moderate as possible. 
 
OF 
 
 THE HAKLÜYT SOCIETY. 
 
 Adam, Admiral, Sir C, Greenwich Hospital 
 Allen, WiUiam, Esq., Shifnall 
 
 Allport, Franklin, Esq., 21, Bnins wick-place, Cold Harbour-lane 
 
 Arrowsmith, Mr. John, 10, Soho Square 
 
 Asher, Mr. A., Berlin 
 
 Atkinson, F. R., Esq., Manchester 
 
 Baillie, David, Esq., 14, Belgrave Square 
 
 Baker, William, Esq., Junior, 3, Crosby Square 
 
 Banks, W., Esq., 12, Melina Place, Grove Road 
 
 Barrow, John, Esq., 7, New Street, Spring Gardens 
 
 Beatty, James, Esq., C.E., Southampton 
 
 Beaufort, Rear-Admiral Sir Francis, Hydrographical OiBce, 
 Admiralty 
 
 Becher, Captain, R.N., 29, Upper Gloucester Place 
 
 Beck, Dr., New York State Library, Albany 
 
 Beke, C. T., Esq., Phil. D., 34, Gumming Street, Pentonville 
 
 Belcher, Captain Sir Edward, R.N. 
 
 Bell, Reverend Thomas, Berbice 
 
 Bell, Wüliam, Esq., Church Place, Clapham 
 
 Bennett, J. Joseph, Esq., F.L.S., British Museum 
 
 Bennett, Joseph, Esq., 20, South Parade, St. James's Park 
 
 Berlin, The Royal Library of 
 
 Betencourt, Alonzo, Philadelphia 
 
 Bethune, Captain C. R. Drinkwater, R.N., Admiralty 
 
 Blackwood, Captain Fr. P., R.N., United Service Club 
 
 Blain, Delabere Robertson, Esq., 24, Beaufoy Ter., Maida Yale 
 
 Blount, — , Esq, 
 
8 
 
 Blundell, W. C, 34, Cursitor Street 
 Bombay Geographical Society 
 Booth, B. W., Esq., Manchester 
 Boston Athenaeum, The 
 
 Briggs, Major General J,, 24, Conduit Street, Bond Street 
 Brown, J., Esq., Newcastle Place, Clerkenwell 
 Bruce, John, Esq., F.S.A., Hyde House, Stroud 
 Bullock, Captain Frederick, R.N., Woolwich 
 Bunney, William, Esq., Hull 
 
 Brown, John Carter, Esq., Providence, Rhode Island 
 Campbell, R. H. S., Esq., 5, Argyle Place, Regent's Street 
 Carmichael, Sir James, Bart., Sussex Gardens 
 Carpenter, Charles, Esq., 45, Brunswick Square, Brighton 
 Chabot, Philip J., Esq., M.A., F.R.A.S., Spitalfields 
 Chapman, Captain, R. A., Athenseum 
 Chapman, William, Esq., Richmond 
 Churchill, Joseph, Esq. 
 Clarke, Thomas, Esq., Ordnance 
 Coghill, Rear-Admiral Sir Josiah, Bart. 
 
 Collier, John Payne, Esq., F.S.A., Madeley Villas, Kensington 
 Congress, Library of the. United States 
 Cooley, W. D., Esq., 33, Kiog Street, Bloomsbury 
 Corney, Bolton, Esq., M.R.S.L , Barnes Terrace 
 Cox, Edward William, Esq., 3, Crown Office Row, Temple 
 Cranstoun, George, Esq., Corehouse, Lanark 
 Cree, David, Esq., 23, Bush Lane 
 Croker, T. Crofton, Esq., Admiralty 
 Cunningham, Peter, Esq., 2, Madeley Villas, Kensington 
 Chichester, J. R., Esq., 49, Wimpole Street 
 Daniel, G., Esq., F.L.S., St. John's Wood 
 De la Beche, Sir Henry, K.H., 5 and 6, Craig's Coui-t, Charing 
 Cross 
 
 Dennett, W. H., Esq., Boston, United States 
 
 Dickens, Charles, Esq., 1, Devonshire Terrace, Marylebone 
 
 Dilke, C. Wentworth, Esq., 76, Sloane Street 
 
 Dillon, Rear Admiral Sir W. H., Heath Lodge, Hanwell 
 
 Doubleday, Edward, Esq., F.L.S., British Museum 
 
 East India House 
 
 EUesmere, the Earl of, 18, Belgrave Square 
 Elliot, J. B., Esq., Patna 
 
 Ellis, Sir Henry K.H., F.R.S., kc, British Museum 
 Elphinstone, John F., Esq., 23, York Terrace, Regent's Park 
 Enderby, Charles, Esq., East Greenwich 
 Falconer, Dr. 
 
 Fennell, James Hamilton, Esq., 4, Devereux Court, Temple 
 Fergusson, James, Esq., 20, Langham Place 
 
9 
 
 Forster, John, Esq., 58, Lincoln's Inn Fields 
 Fox, General, Netting Hill 
 
 Furlonger, Charles John, Esq., Craven Hill, Bayswater 
 Force, Colonel Peter, "Washington, United States 
 Gibraltar Garrison Library 
 
 Gilbertson, Edward, Esq., 20, Cranboume Street, Leicester Square 
 
 Gladdish, William, Esq., Gravesend 
 
 Gray, J. E., Esq., F.R.S., British Museum 
 
 Greenwich Hospital, the Officers' Library 
 
 Greenwich Society, for the DiflPusion of Useful Knowledge 
 
 Gray, R. W., Esq., 47, Belgrave Square 
 
 Guild, G. F., Esq. 
 
 Guise, W. v., Esq., Elmore Court, Gloucester 
 Halliday, "William, Esq., 14, Donegall Place, Belfast 
 Hamilton, W. K, Esq., F.R.S.L., <fec., 12, Bolton Row 
 Hammill, Miss EUen, Liverpool 
 
 Harrison, Thomas, Esq., 36, Alpha Road, Regent's Park 
 
 Harvey, W. Brotherton, Esq., Salford, Manchester 
 
 Hawkins, Edward, Esq., British Museum 
 
 Heath, Edward, Esq., Liverpool 
 
 Henderson, Dr., 25, Curzon Street, Mayfair 
 
 Henslow, Lieutenant Frederick, Windsor 
 
 Herschel, Sir John, Bart., F.R.S., (fcc, Collingwood, Hawkhurst 
 
 Hertford Literary and Scientific Institution 
 
 Hodgkin, Thomas, Esq., M.D., 9, Brook Street, Grosvenor Sq. 
 
 Hollond, Robert, Esq., M.P., Portland Place 
 
 Holman, Lieutenant, R.N. 
 
 Holmes, James, Esq., 4, New Ormond Street, Foundling 
 Holt, G., Esq., Liverpool 
 Hull Subscription Library 
 Irvine, James, Esq., Liverpool 
 Jackson, Henry, Esq., Sheffield 
 Johnson, P., Esq., 57, Lincoln's Inn Fields 
 Jones, Robert, Esq., Liverpool 
 Jones, Miss Susan, Liverpool 
 Jukes, J. B., Esq., 5, Craig's Court, Charing Cross 
 Kenyon, J. Esq., 40, York Terrace, Regent's Park 
 Kesteven, W. B., 1, Manor Road, HoUoway 
 Laire, Fr. J., Esq., H.M. Dockyard, Chatham 
 Latham, R. G., Esq., M.D., 20, Upper Southwick Street, Hyde 
 Park Square 
 
 Le Mesurier, R. Arthur, Esq., Corpus Christi College, Oxford 
 Lemon, Sir C, Bt., M.P., 46, Charles Street, Berkeley Squara 
 Lennox, James, Esq., New York 
 Lloyd, James D., Esq., 6, Grove Terrace, Camberwell 
 Loftus, William Kennett, Esq., Newcastle-upon-Tyne 
 
10 
 
 London Institution, Finsbury Circus 
 London Library, 12, St. James's Square 
 Ludlow, J. Malcolm, Esq., 69, Chancery Lane 
 Logan, J. R., Esq. 
 
 M'Grigor, Sir James, Bart , M.D., 6, Harley Street 
 
 Mackenzie, John W., Esq., Edinburgh 
 
 Mackenzie, C. A., Esq., Hyde Park Place, West 
 
 Mackinnon, A. W., Esq., M.P., 4, Hyde Park Place 
 
 Macready, W. C, Esq., 6, Clarence Terrace, Regent's Park 
 
 Major, R. H., Esq., British Lluseum 
 
 Malcolm, Vice Admiral Sir Charles, 16, Pall Mall 
 
 Malcolm, m. G. J., R.N. 
 
 Malcolm, W. Elphinstone, Esq., Bumfoot 
 
 Manchester Athenaeum, The 
 
 Marshall, Captain Sir John, R.N., Ruabon 
 
 Marsham, Robert, Esq., Stratton Strawless, Norwich 
 
 Martin, the Rev. J., Keston, Kent 
 
 Massie, Captain T. L., R.N., Chester 
 
 Mather, Edward, Esq., Newcastle-on Tyne 
 
 Meek, James, Esq., 14, Somerset Place 
 
 Miland, John, Esq., 35, Chapel Street, Belgrave Square 
 
 Milman, the Rev. H. H., M.A., Cloisters, Westminster 
 
 Milnes, R. Monckton, Esq., M.P., 26, Pall Mall 
 
 Morley, G., Esq., 15, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields 
 
 Murchison, Sir Roderick Impey, F.R.S., <fec., 16, Belgrave Sq. 
 
 Murphy, H. Esq., Brooklyn, New York 
 
 Murray, John, Esq., Albemarle Street 
 
 Murray, William, Esq., 2, John Street, Berkeley Square 
 
 Murtón, George, Esq., Manchester 
 
 Nebyam, J. Moore, M.D., 16, Leeson Street, Dublin 
 
 Newcastle-upon-Tyne Literary and Scientific Institute 
 
 Newton, Charles, Esq., British Museum 
 
 Nimmo, Thomas, Esq., Demerara 
 
 Northampton, the Marquis of. President of the Royal Society, 
 
 Piccadilly 
 Parker, J. W., Esq., West Strand 
 
 Pasley, Major General Sir C. W., K.C.B., 12, Norfolk Crescent, 
 
 Hyde Park 
 Pemberton, Mrs., 37, Eaton Place 
 
 Petit, Louis Hayes, Esq., F.R.S., 9, New Square, Lincoln's Inn 
 
 PoUington, the Viscount, M.P., 2, Bolton Row 
 
 Porter, G. W., Esq., British Museum 
 
 Pprter, Thomas, Esq., Manchester 
 
 Porteus, John, Esq., Manchester 
 
 Portsmouth, the Royal Naval College 
 
 Pourtales, Count Albert, Berlin 
 
11 
 
 Prescott, Rear Admiral H., Portsmouth Dockyard 
 
 Pringle, William, Esq., 3, King's Road 
 
 Proctor, B. W., Esq., 14, Upper Harley Street, Cavendish Sq. 
 
 Rawdon, Christopher, Esq., Everton, Liverpool 
 
 Read, F. J., Esq., Friday Street, Cheapside 
 
 Read, William, Esq., Rathmines, Dublin 
 
 Renouard, Rev. G. Cecil, Swanscombe, Dartford 
 
 Rhodes, Richard, Esq., 9, Circus, Greenwich 
 
 Rich, 0., Esq., 12, Red Lion Square 
 
 Richards, Mr., 100, St. Martin's Lane 
 
 Richardson, Sir John, M.D., F.R.S. Haslar, Gosport 
 
 Ritter, Professor Karl, Berlin 
 
 Rye, Arthur B., Esq., Banbury 
 
 Rye, W. B., Esq., British Museum 
 
 Rendell, J., Esq., 8, Great George Street 
 
 RundaU, Thos., Esq. 
 
 Schomburgk, Sir Robert, Surbiton 
 
 Shadwell, the Right Hon. Sir Lancelot, Yice-Chancellor of 
 
 England, Barnes Elms 
 Simmonds, the Rev. J. D., M.A., Gosport 
 Simpson, Lieut. 
 
 Simpkinson, Sir Francis, Knt., 21, Bedford Place 
 Singapore Library 
 
 Smith, Andrew, Esq., M.D., 7, Pelham Crescent, Brompton 
 
 Smith, Edmund, Esq., Hull 
 
 Smith, G., Esq., 29, Finsbury Square 
 
 Smith, G., Esq., Hague Terrace, Kingstown, Dublin 
 
 Smith, J., Esq., Bombay 
 
 Smith, J., Esq., Alscot Place, Grange Road, Bermondsey 
 
 Smith, J. P. G., Esq., Everton, Liverpool 
 
 Sotheby, S. Leigh, Esq., Forest Hill, Sydenham 
 
 Spottiswoode, Andrew, Esq., New Street Square 
 
 Staunton, Sir G. T., Bart., F.R.S., M.P., 16, Devonshire Street, 
 
 Portland Place 
 Stevens, Henry, Esq., Boston, United States 
 Swan, the Rev. R. C, Hothfield, Kent 
 Sykes, Admiral, 51, Wilton Terrace 
 Taylor, R., Esq., Red Lion Court, Fleet Street 
 Taylor, T., Esq., F.T.C.C., 6, Michael's Grove, Brompton 
 Temaux Compans, Mons. H., Paris 
 Thomas, E., Esq., 25, Hanover Square 
 Thomas, W. A., 60, Threadneedle Street 
 Thompson, J., Esq., 19, Lincoln's Inn Fields 
 Todd, R. B., Esq., M.D., F.R.S., 3, New Street, Spring Gardens 
 Tonna, L. H. J., Esq., United Service Institution, Scotland Yard 
 Tumbull, W. B. D. D., Esq., F.S.A., L. & E., Edinburgh 
 
12 
 
 Turner, Dawson, Esq., F.R.S., North Yarmouth 
 Vidal, Captain, R. N. 
 Vienna, Imperial Library 
 
 Waite, Henry, Esq., Church Street, Stoke Newington 
 Walker, John, Esq., 47, Bernard Street, Russell Square 
 "Washington, Captain J., R.F., 3, Oxford Square 
 Webb, John, Esq., 1, Lawrence Pounteney Hill 
 Weir, William, Esq., Regent Square 
 White, the Rev. James, Bonchurch, Isle of Wight 
 Whiteman, J. C, Esq., East India House 
 Wilkinson, John, Esq., 3, Wellington Street, Strand 
 Williams, Robert, Esq., 13, Elm Tree Road 
 Willson, the Rev. J., 1, Raymond's Buildings, Gray's Inn 
 Woodd, Basil T., Esq., 108, New Bond Street 
 Wright, H., Esq., Cheltenham 
 
 EfCHARDS, PBIWTEE, 100, ST. MABTTK'S IaKE, 
 
SIR FEANCIS DEA 
 
 HIS VOYAGE, 
 
 1595, 
 
 BT 
 
 THOMAS MAYNARDE, 
 
 TOGETHER WITH THE 
 
 SPANISH ACCOUNT OF DRAKES ATTACK ON PUERTO RICO. 
 
 EDITED, FROM THE ORIGINAL MANOSCRIPTS, 
 BT 
 
 W. D. COOLEY. 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLiMA 
 AT CHAPEL HILL 
 
 LONDON: 
 PRINTED FOR THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY. 
 
 M.DCCC.XXTX. 
 
 KE 
 
RICHARDS, 10.\ ST. mart;jís lane. 
 
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY. 
 
 SIR RODERICK IMPEY MURCHISON, G.C.StS., F.R.S., Corr. Mem. Inst. Fr. ; 
 
 Hon. Mem. Imp. Acad. Sc. St. Petersburg, &c. &c., President. 
 
 Vice Admiral SIR CHARLES MALCOLM, Kx. ) 
 
 Y Vice-Presidents. 
 
 The Rev. H. H. MILMAN, M.A. ] 
 CHARLES T. BEKE, ESQ., PHIL. D., F.S.A. 
 CAPTAIN C. R. DRINKWATER BETHÜNE, R.N., C.B. 
 CAPTAIN F. P. BLACKWOOD, R.N. 
 MAJOR-GENERAL J. BRIGGS, F.R.S. 
 BOLTON CORNEY, ESQ., M.R.S.L. 
 SIR HENRY ELLIS, KH., FR.S. 
 JOHN FORSTER, ESQ. 
 J. E. GRAY, ESQ., F.R.S. 
 JOHN W ÍNTER JONES, ESQ. 
 R. H. MAJOR, ESQ. 
 R. MONCKTON MILNES, ESQ., M.P. 
 CHARLES NEWTON, ESQ. 
 REVEREND G. C. RENOÜARD. 
 W. G. RYE, ESQ. 
 SIR ROBERT SCHOMBÜRGK. 
 ANDREW SMITH, ESQ., M.D. 
 
 SIR GEORGE T. STAUNTON, BART., M.P., F.R.S. 
 
 Cottitcil. 
 
 WILLIAM DESBOROÜGH COOLEY, Esq., F.R.G.S., Secretarv. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The name of Sir Francis Drake is one of the 
 brightest ornaments of Hakluyt's collection ; and a 
 Society, which undertakes to continue and complete 
 the labours of the latter, cannot certainly be better 
 employed than in publishing documents illustrating 
 the life and achievements of that distinguished 
 seaman. 
 
 In conformity with this view, the two original 
 pieces which follow have been selected for pub- 
 lication ; both brief but full of life, and the first of 
 them, in particular, very racy and characteristic. 
 
 The value of Maynarde's paper (additional MSS., 
 No. 5209, in the library of the British Museum), 
 lies in the writer's intimacy with Sir Francis Drake, 
 whom he accompanied in the unfortunate expedition 
 
vi PREFACE. 
 
 which is the subject of the following narrative, and 
 in the shrewdness of his remarks, clothed occasionally 
 in the quaintest language. It cannot be denied that 
 it tends to dispel much of the romance which has 
 hitherto coloured so brilliantly the history of the 
 naval hero. But truth is thereby a gainer. Romance 
 elevates the hero at the expense of human nature, 
 and sacrifices the many for the glory of one. It 
 may not be without advantage to learn, from the 
 example of one so justly celebrated as Drake, what 
 sordid motives may be cloaked under the pretence 
 of national glory, and how mistrustfully we ought 
 to, listen to the professedly generous instigators of 
 war and rapine. 
 
 The Spanish paper, Relación de lo Sucedido, etc., 
 (additional MSS. No. 13,964, British Museum), which 
 has the form of an official report, or dispatch, is 
 extremely interesting, inasmuch as it allows us to 
 see, in immediate juxtaposition and direct contrast, 
 the accounts of the affair at Puerto Rico, as given 
 by the two belligerent parties. 
 
 These papers are here reproduced from the ori- 
 ginals without change or emendation ; so that their 
 
PREFACE. ^ vii 
 
 defects, whether attributable to negligence or igno- 
 rance, may be taken into consideration in estimating 
 their intrinsic worth. 
 
 The superficial inaccuracies of Maynarde's paper 
 are not a few ; his constant misspelling of proper 
 names, as Corasaw for Cura9oa, St. Tomarta for Sta. 
 Martha, would seem to prove him illiterate. It is 
 still more important, that, through oversight and 
 omission, he states the number of the forces, who 
 marched from Nombre de Dios to attack Panama, 
 to be fifty, instead of seven hundred and fifty. 
 
 It is amusing to observe the variance between the 
 Spanish and English accounts of the same action, 
 both written in good faith. The Spaniards had but 
 seventy guns, and yet the English reckoned 5160 
 pieces of artillery playing on them. This tremendous 
 fire would appear from the English account to have 
 done no great harm, while the Spaniards allege 
 that they killed four hundred of the enemy, besides 
 wounding many more.' 
 
 But this is not the place for a critical examination 
 of the following pages. The conflicting statements 
 and opinions respecting the closing scene of Drake's 
 
Viii PREFACE. 
 
 eventful life, are amply detailed in Mr. BarroVs 
 justly popular volume. Here it will be sufficient 
 to observe that Maynarde's keen and natural com- 
 ments on his commanders, proceed from one who, 
 in regard to Drake, certainly writes in a friendly 
 spirit, and from whom the truth was wrung by 
 the circumstances of his situation. 
 
 W. D. C. 
 
SIR FRANCIS DRAKE 
 
 HIS VOYAGE, 
 1595: 
 
 THOMAS MAYNARDE. 
 
 B 
 
SIR FEANOIS DRAKE 
 HIS VOYAGE, 
 1595. 
 
 It appears by the attempts and knowen purposes of the 
 Spaiiiarde_, as by his greedy desire to bee our neighboure in 
 Bretaine, his fortifienge upon the river of Brest, to gaine so 
 near us a quiet and safe rode for his fleet, his carelessness in 
 losinge the strongehouldes and townes which he possessed in 
 the Lowe Countries, not followinge those warres in that 
 heate which he wonted, the rebellious rysinge of the Earle 
 of Tyrone (wrought or drawen thereto undoubtedly by his 
 wicked practises), that hee leaveth no means unattempted 
 which he judged might bee a furtherance to turne our tran- 
 quiUitie into accursed thraldom; so robbinge us of that 
 quiet peace which wee, from the hands of Her Majestie 
 (next under God), aboundently enjoy. This his blood- 
 thirstie desire foreseene by the wisdome of our queene and 
 counsayle, they helde no better meanes to curbe his unjust 
 pretenses, than by sendinge forces to invade him in that 
 kingdome from whence hee hath feathers to flye to the toppe 
 of his high desires; they knowing that if for two or three 
 yeeres a blowe were given him there, that might hinder the 
 coming into Spaine of his treasure ; his povertie, by reason 
 of his daily huge payments, would be so great, and his men 
 of warre, most of them mercenaries, that assuredly would 
 fall from him, so woulde he have more neede of meanes to 
 
 B 2 
 
4 
 
 Snt FBAÍíCIS DRAKE 
 
 keepe his owne territories^ than lie nowe hath of superfluitie 
 to thrust e into others rights. 
 
 This invasion was spoken of in June 1594^ a longe time 
 before it was put in execution ; and it beinge partly resolved 
 on. Sir Francis Drake was named generall in November 
 folowinge : — a man of greate spirit and ' fitt to undertake 
 matters : in my poore opinion, better able to conduct forces 
 and discreetly to goveme in conductinge them to places 
 where service was to be done, than to comande in the ex- 
 ecution thereof. But, assuredly, his very name was a great 
 terror to the enemie in all those partes, havinge heretofore 
 done many thinges in those countries to his honorable 
 fame and profitt. But entringe into them as the childe of 
 fortime, it may be his selfe- willed and peremptorie comand 
 was doubted, and that caused Her Majestic, as should seeme, 
 to joyne Sir John Hawkins in equaU commission: — aman 
 oulde and warie, entering into matters with so laden a foote, 
 that the other's meat woulde be eaten before his spit could 
 come to the fire: men of so different natures and disposi- 
 tions, that what the one desireth the other would commonly 
 oppose against ; and though their warie cariages sequestred 
 it from meaner wittes, yet was it apparently seen to better 
 judgements before our going from Plymouth, that whom the 
 one loved, the other smaly esteemed. Agreeing best, for 
 what I could conjecture, in giving out a glorious title to 
 their intended jorneye, and in not so well victualinge the 
 navie as, I deeme, was Her Majestie^s pleasure it shoulde 
 bee, both of them served them to goode purpose, for, from 
 this havinge the distributinge of so great sommes, their 
 miserable providinge for us would free them from incurringe 
 any greate losse, whatsoever befel of the jomey. And the 
 former drewe unto them so greate repaire of voluntaries* 
 that they had choice to discharge suche fewe as they had 
 
 1 Influx of volunteers. 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 5 
 
 pressed, and to enforce the stave of others who gladly would 
 be partakers of their voyage. But notwithstandinge matters 
 were very forward, and that they had drawen together three 
 thousand men, and had ready furnished twenty-seven sliippes, 
 whereof six were Her Majestie^s, yet many times was it very 
 doubtfull whether the jorney should proceed; and had not 
 the newes of a gallion of the King of Spaine, which was 
 driven into St. John de Porterico with two millions and a 
 halfe of tresure, come unto them by the reporte of certaine 
 prisoners, whereof they advertised Her Majestic, it is very 
 likely it had been broken ; but Her Majestic, persuaded by 
 them of the easie takinge therof, comanded them to haste 
 their departure. 
 
 So on Thursday, being the 28th of August, in the year 
 1595, havinge stayed two moneth in Plimouth, we went 
 thence twenty-seven sail, and were two thousand five hun- 
 dred men of all sortes. This fleet was devided into two 
 squadrons ; not that it was so appointed by Her Majestic, for 
 from her was granted as powerfull authoritie unto eyther of 
 them over the whole as any parte, but Sir Francis victual- 
 inge the one halfe and Sir John the other, it made them, as 
 men afectinge what they had done, to chalenge a greater 
 prerogative over them than the whole; wherin they wronged 
 themselves and the action, for wee had not runne sixty or 
 seventy leagues in our course, before a flagge of councell 
 was put out in the Garlando, unto which all commanders 
 with the chiefe masters and gentlemen repayred. Sir 
 Francis complayned that he had a three hundred men more 
 in his squadron then were in the other, and that he was 
 much pestered in his owne shipp, wherof he would gladly be 
 eased. Sir J ohn gave no other hearinge to this motion, but 
 seemed to dislike that he shoidd bring more than was con- 
 cluded betwixt them, and this drewe them to some choler- 
 icke speeches. But Sir John would not receave any unles 
 he were entreated: to this Sir Francis' stout hearte could 
 
6 
 
 SIS PRANCIS DRAKE 
 
 never be driven. This was on the second of September, and 
 after they were somwhat qualified,, they acquainted ns that 
 Sir Thomas Baskerville, our coronell generally was of theyr 
 counsayle by vertue of the broade scale, and that they would 
 take unto them Sir Nicholas Clifforde and the other cap- 
 tains appointed by Her Majestic, who were, eleven for the 
 land, four for the shippes in which they themselves went not. 
 They gave us instructions for directinge our course, if, by 
 foule weather or mischange, any should be severed, and 
 orders what alowances we should put our men into for pre- 
 servation of victuaUs, with other necessary instructions. In 
 the end. Sir John revealed the places whither wee were 
 bound, in hearinge of the basest mariner ; observinge therin 
 no warlike or provident advice, nor was it ever amended to 
 the time of theyr deaths, but so he named St. John de 
 Porterico, where the treasure before spoken of was to be- 
 taken, even withoute blowes, from whence we should go direct 
 to Nombre de Dios, and so over land to Panama. What other 
 things should fall out by the way, he esteemed them not 
 worth the naminge, this being sufficient to make a far 
 greater armie rich to theyr content. 
 
 Some seven or eight days after this, we were called aborde 
 the Defiance, where. Sir Francis Drake propoundinge unto us 
 whether we should give upon the Canaries or Maderas (for he 
 was resolved to put for one of them by the way), we seeinge his 
 bent and the eamestnes of the coronel generall, together with 
 the apparent likelihood of profit, might soon have bin drawen 
 therto j but consideringe the weightie matters we had un- 
 dertaken and how needfiill it was to hasten us thether [we 
 did not immediately assent] . But General Hawkins utterly 
 mislikinge this motion, it beinge a matter, as hee saide, 
 never before thought of, [he declared he] knewe no cause 
 why the fleete should staye in any place till they came to the 
 Indies, unles it should be by his takinge in of so greate 
 numbers to consume his waters and other provision; the 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 7 
 
 whicli, if Sir Francis would acknowledge, liee would ridde 
 him and relieve him the best hee could. Now the fyer 
 which laye hid in theyr stomacks began to breake forth, 
 and had not the coronell pacified them, it would have growen 
 farther; but theyr heat somwhat abated, and they concluded 
 to dine next day aboarde the Garlando with Sir John, when 
 it was resolved that we should put for the Grand Canaries, 
 though, in my conscience, whatsoever his tonge saide. Sir 
 John's harte was againste. 
 
 These matters were well qualified, and for that place we 
 shaped our course, in which we met with a small flemminge 
 bounde for the Streights and a small manne of warre of Way- 
 mouth, who kept us companie to the Canaries. On Wensday, 
 the twenty-fourth day, we had sight of Lancerotta and Forte- 
 ventura. The twenty-fifth at night we íescrie^ the Canaries, 
 it beinge a monthe after our departure from Plymouth. Üñ 
 Friday, beinge the twenty-sixth, we came to anchor, some 
 saker shott from a forte which stands to the west norwest of 
 the harboure. Sir Francis spent much time in seekinge out 
 the fittest place to land; the enemie therby gaininge time to 
 drawe theyr forces in rediness to impeach our approach. At 
 length we puttinge for the shore in our boats and pinnaces, 
 found a great seege and such power of men to encounter us, 
 that it was then thought it would hazarde the whole action if 1 
 we should give further upon it, wherupon we returned wjthj 
 out recevinge or doinge any harme worthy the writinge;[but, 
 undoubtedly, had we lanced under the forte at ouf* first 
 cominge to anchor, wee had put fajrre to bee possessors of 
 the towne, for the delayes gave the enemie greate stomackes 
 and daunted our owne; and it beinge the first service our 
 new men were brought into, it was to be doubted they 
 would prove the worse the whole jorney followinge. 
 
 We presently wayed hence and came to anchor the twenty- 
 seventh at the west south west part of this islande, where 
 wee watered. Here Captaine Grimstone, one of the twelve 
 
8 
 
 SLR FRANCIS DHAKE 
 
 captaines for laude, was slaine by the mountainors, with his 
 boy and a surgeon. Hence wee departed the twenty-eighth, 
 houldinge our course south-west three weeks, then we ran 
 west south west and west and by south till the twenty- 
 seventh of October, on which day we had sight of Maten, an 
 island lying south-est from Dominica. Our generalls ment 
 to water at Guadalupe, for Dominica beinge inhabited by 
 Indians, our men straglinge soon would have their throates- 
 cutte. Generall Drake lyinge ahead the fleet, ran in by the^ 
 mouth of Dominica, Sir John by south. The twenty-ninth 
 we anchored under Guadalupe ; Sir Francis beinge there a 
 daye before us. On the thirtieth, Josias, captaine of the 
 Delight, brought newes to the generalls, that the Francis, a 
 small shippe of companie, was taken by nine fidgotts, wher- 
 upon Sir Francis would presently have folowed them either 
 with the whole fleete or some parte, for that he knew our 
 intentions were discovered by reason they were so openly 
 made knowne, as I afore have set downe, by Sir John Haw- 
 kins. Sir John would in no wise agree to eyther of these 
 motions, and he was assisted in his opinion by Sir Nicholas 
 Clifforde, all others furtheringe his desires, which might be 
 a means to staye them for goinge into Porterico before us ; 
 but Sir John prevayled, for that hee was sickly, Sir Francis 
 beinge loth to breed his further disquiet. The reason of his 
 stay was, to trimme his shippes, mounte his ordinance, take 
 in water, set by some new pinnaces, and to make things in 
 that rediness, that he cared not to meet with the king's 
 whole fleete. Heere we stayed doinge these necessaries 
 three dayes. This is a desarte, and was without inhabitants. 
 
 On the fourth of November we departed, and being becalmed 
 under the lee of the land. Sir Francis caused the Richarde, 
 one of the victuallers, to be unladen and sunk. The eighth 
 wee anchored amonge the Virginees, other west ilandes: 
 heere we drew our companie on shore, that every man might 
 knowe his colours, and wee founde our companie shorte of 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 9 
 
 the one thousand two hundi-ed promised for lande service, 
 few of the captains having above ninety, most not eighty, 
 some not fifty; which fell out partly for that the generalls 
 had selected to them a companie for theyr guarde, of many 
 of the gallantest men of the army. Sir John his sicknes 
 incresed. Sir Francis apointed captaines to the merchants' 
 shippes : this consumed time till the eleventh, when we 
 passed a sounde, though, by our mariners, never passed by 
 fleet afore, and we came to anchor before Porterico on the 
 twelfth, about three of the clocke in the aftemoone, at what 
 time Sir John Hawkins died. I made my men ready pre- 
 sently to have landed, knowinge that our sodaine resolution 
 would greatly have danted the enemie, and have held our 
 [own men] in opinion of assured victory ; but I was counter- 
 manded by authoritie, and during the time of our delibera- 
 tion, the enemie labored by all meanes to cause us to disankar, 
 so workinge, that within an houre hee had planted three or 
 four pieces of artillery upon the shore next unto us, and 
 playinge upon the Defiance, knowing her to be the Admirall, 
 whilest our generalls sate at souper with Sir Nicholas Clifford 
 and diverse other, a shotte came amongst them, wherwith 
 Sir Nicholas, Brute, Erown, Captain Straff'ord, who had 
 Greenstone's company, and some standers by, were hurte. 
 Sir Nicholas died that night, so secondinge Sir John Haw- 
 kins in his death as he did in his opinion at Guadalupe. 
 My brother Browne lived five or six days after, and died 
 much bewayled. This shotte made our generall to way and 
 fall further to the westward, where we rode safely. The five 
 frigotts before spoken of rode within their forts : wee had no 
 place nowe to lande our men but within them in the face of 
 the towne, which was dangerous, for that both shippes aiid 
 forts could playe on us; it was therefore concluded that boats 
 should fire them where they rode. Captain Poore and my- 
 sealfe had the comande of this service; for the regiments. 
 Captain Salisburie comandinge; the grand captain company e 
 
10 
 
 SIB, PEANCIS DEAKE 
 
 was sent by the generalls; diverse sea commanders were also 
 sent; and on tlie thirteentli at night passinge in harde under 
 the forte, we set three of them on fire ; only one of which, it 
 was my chance to undertake, was burnt ; on the others, the 
 fire held not by reason that being once out they were not 
 maintained with newe. The bumte shippe gave a greate 
 Hght, the enemie thereby playinge upon us with their ordi- 
 nance and small shotte as if it had been fayre daye, and 
 sinMnge some of our boates : a man could hardly comande 
 his mariners to row, they foolishly thinkinge every place 
 more dangerous than where they were, when, indeede, none 
 was sure. Thus doinge no harme, we returned with two or 
 three prisoners, when, indeede, in my poore oppinion, it had 
 binne an easier matter to bringe them out of the harborowe 
 than fire them as wee did, for our men aboard the shippes 
 numbred five thousand one hundred and sixty peeces of 
 artillerie that played on us during this service ; and it had 
 biane less dangerous to have abidden them close in the fri- 
 gotts and in the darke than as wee did; but great coman- 
 ders many tymes fayle in theyre judgment, beinge crost by a 
 compartner ; but I had cause of more griefe than the Indies 
 could yielde mee of joye, losinge my Alfierez,^ Davis PurseU; 
 Mr. Vaughan, a brother-in-law of Sir John Hawkins, with 
 three others; Thomas Powton, with five or six more hurte and 
 maimed; and was somwhat discomfited, for the generall 
 feigned heere to set up his rest ; but examininge the prison- 
 ers, by whom hee understoode that these fiigotts were sent 
 for his treasure, and that they would have fallen amonge us 
 at Guadalupe had they not taken the Francis, his minde 
 altered: callinge to counsaile, he comanded us to give our 
 opinions what we thought of the strength of the place. Most 
 thought it would hazard the whole action. But one Rush, a 
 captaine, more to mee aleadged that without better puttinge 
 for it, [than by] the bare lookinge upon the outside of the 
 
 2 Ensign (borrowed from the Arabic). 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 11 
 
 forts, we could hardly give sucli judgment ; and I set it playnely 
 under my hande, that if we resolutely attempted it, aU was 
 ours ; and that I persuaded mysealfe no towne in the Indies 
 could yielde us more honnor or profitte. The generall pre- 
 sently saide : I wiU bring thee to twenty places farre more 
 wealthye and easier to he gotten/' Such-like speeches I 
 thinke had bewitched the coronell, for he most desired him 
 to hasten him hence. 
 
 The enemie, the day after we had fired the frigotts, simcke 
 together four to save us labour, but chiefly to strengthen 
 their fortes: two other greate shippes they suncke and fired 
 in the mouth of the harborowe to give them light to playe on 
 us from theyr fortes as we entred the first night. And hence 
 we went the fifteenth. Heere I left all hope of good successe. 
 
 On the nineteenth we came to anchor in a fayre baye (the 
 baye of Sta. Jermana), at the westermost part of the ilande, 
 where wee stayed till the twenty-fourth, settinge up more newe 
 pinnaces and unlodinge the other newe victualler, the generall 
 takinge the most parte into his owne shippe as he did of the 
 former. Captaine Yorke, in the Hope, was made vice-admiraU. 
 This is a very pleasant and fertile ilande, having apon it goode 
 store of cattell, fniites, and fish, with all thinges necessary to 
 man's sustenance; and were it well manured, no place could 
 yielde it in greater abundance or better. Departing hence, 
 we had our course for Corasaw.^ The seconde daye after our 
 puttinge of, the Exchange, a small shippe, spronge her mast, 
 and was sunke ; the men and parte of the victualls were 
 saved by other shippes. Twenty-ninth. — Upon Corasaw 
 there is great store of cattell and goates, and we fell with it 
 upon Saturday the twenty-ninth; but our generall, deceaved 
 by the currante and westerly course, made it for Arabir,^ an 
 iland lyinge ten or twelve leagues to the westwarde, and so 
 made no staye, when, next mominge descryenge whether 
 }iee founde his error, wee bore with Cape De la Vela, ani^ 
 ? Cura9oa. 4 Aruba. 
 
12 
 
 Sm FEANCIS DRAKE 
 
 from thence our coronell, with all the companies in the 
 pinnaces and boates were sent to the cittie of Rio de la 
 Hacha^ and with small resistance wee tooke it the first of 
 December at night. The generall came unto us the next 
 morning with the fleete. This towne was left bare of goodes: 
 the inhabitants havinge intelligence of our cominge, had 
 caried all in the woodes, and hid theyr treasure in casshes ;^ 
 but, stayinge heere seventeen days, wee made so goode 
 search, that little remained unfounde within four leagues of 
 the towne. We tooke many prisoners, Spaniards and ne- 
 groes, some slaves repairinge to us voluntarily. The generall 
 with two hundred men went in boates to Lancheria, which is 
 a place where they fish for pearle, standinge ten leagues to 
 the estwarde of theyr towne, from whence they brought 
 goode store of pearle, and tooke a carvell, in which was some 
 monie, wine, and myrr. 
 
 During our stay heere, the governor once, diverse others 
 often, repaired unto us to redeeme theyr towne, Lancheria, 
 boates and slaves. They did this to gaine time to convey 
 away the kinge^s treasure and to advertyse theyr neighbour 
 towne to convey their treasure in more safetye then them- 
 selves had done ; for the whole (except the slaves who 
 voluntarily repayred unto us) was yielded unto them for 
 twenty-four thousand peasos, five shillings and sixpence a 
 peece, to bee payde in pearles; bringinge these to theyr 
 towne at the daye and valuinge in double the price they 
 were worth. Our generaU delivered the hostages and set 
 their towne (Lancheria) and boates on fire, carryinge their 
 slaves with us. The wealth we had heere was given to coun- 
 tervayle the charge of the jorney; but I feare it will not so 
 prove in the end. Our vice-admirall, Captaine Yorcke, died 
 heere of sicknes. This is an exceedinge goode countrye, 
 champion and well inhabited; great store of cattayle, horses, 
 sheepe, goates, fish, and fowle, wheron wee fedde, but smale 
 5 The French caches, hiding places. 
 
HIS VOYA-GE. 
 
 13 
 
 store of graine or finiite neere the towne, ricli only in pearle 
 and cattell. 
 
 The twentieth_, being Saturday, we came to St. Tomarta.^ 
 We suncke two catches before we came to Rio de la Hacha_, 
 which we brought out of England. Presently, upon our 
 coming to anchors, we landed and gave upon the town. We 
 found small resistance more than a fewe shotte playinge out 
 of the woodes as we marched towards the towne. Com- 
 panies were presently sent abroado to discover and searche 
 the countrye. The inhabitants had to long forewaminge to 
 carry theyr goods out of our possibilitie to find them in so 
 short time ; little or nothing of valew was gotten, only the 
 Leiftenant-govemor and some others were taken prisoners; 
 and firyinge the towne the twenty-first, we departed. 
 
 Captain Worrell, our trenchmaster, died at this towne of 
 sicknes. This was a very prettie towne, and six leagues off 
 there was a gould mine. If part of our companie had been 
 sent thither upon our first arrival at Rio de la Hacha, 
 doubtles we had done much goode, but now they had scrube 
 it very bare. In this place was great store of fniite and 
 much femandobuck/ for that the winde blewe so extremely, 
 and the rode wilde, we could not shippe it. Before we de- 
 parted hence, it was concluded that we should passe Carta- 
 gena and go directly for Nombre de Dios. We anchored in 
 the rode on Sunday followinge, beinge the twenty-seventh ; 
 and landinge presently, receavinge some small shotte from 
 the towne, we founde small resistance more than a little 
 forte at the east side of theyr towne, in which they had left 
 one peece of ordinance which brake at the first shotte. They 
 gave upon us as we gave upon them : certaine prisoners were 
 taken in the flyinge, who made it knowne, that havinge in- 
 telligence, longe before, of our cominge, theyr treasure was 
 
 6 Sta. Martha. 
 
 '¡ Brasil wood, the produce of Pernambuco, or, as the üame was origin- 
 ally written, Femandobuco. 
 
14 
 
 SIR FRANCIS DRAKE 
 
 conveyed to places of more safetie, eyther to Panama or 
 secretly hidden ; and it might very well bee, for the towne 
 was left very bare ; wherefore it was resolved that we should 
 hasten with speed for Panama. Nombre de Dios standeth 
 on the north-side sea, Panama upon the south, distant some 
 eighteen or nineteen leagues. There were only two wayes 
 to get thither ; one by the river Chagree, which lyeth to the 
 westward twenty leagues; upon this it is passable within 
 five leagues of Panama : the other through deserts and over 
 mountaines voide of inhabitants : this was troublesom and 
 harde, as well for want of means to carry our provision of 
 meate and munition as for the ill passage with an armie 
 through these deserts and unknown places. That by the 
 river our generall held more dangerous, fayninge there was 
 no place for our fleet to wade safely. This made our coronell 
 to yeelde to the waye by the mountaine, though he and 
 others foresawe the danger before our settinge hence; but he 
 resolved to make tryall of what coulde be done. 
 
 So on Monday the twenty-ninth we began our jomey, 
 takinge with us the strongest and lustiest of our armie, to the 
 number of fifty men and seven colours. Before our settinge 
 hence, we buried Captaine Amolde Baskerville, our serj ant- 
 major generall, a gallant gentleman. The first daye we 
 marched three leagues; the next, six leagues, where we came 
 to a greate house which the enemie had sett on fire, it beiuge a 
 place where the kinge^s mules do use to lodge cominge from 
 Panama to Nombre de Dios with his treasure ; it is the mid- 
 way betwixt both places. The house would receave five hun- 
 dred horses. We had not marched fully a league on Wed- 
 nesday morninge, when we came to a place fortified upon the 
 toppe of an hill, which the enemie defended. We had noe 
 other way to passe nor noe means to make our approach but 
 a very deepe lande, where but one could passe at once, unles 
 it were by clammeringe upon the bancks and creepinge up 
 the hill through the brakes, which some of our men did, and 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 15 
 
 came to the trees which they had plasshed to make theyr 
 palizadoe, over which they coulde not passe, the many howes 
 so hindered them. It was my chance, clammeringe up the 
 banckes to repaire to three musketters which I had holpen 
 up, to fall directly betwixt two of theyr places fortified, 
 cominge unto two paths by which they fetched their water, 
 and givinge presently upon them, the place being open, my 
 small number found to goode resistance, and I was driven to 
 retire with the losse of these fewe. Heere was the only 
 place to beate them from theyr houlde, wherof I sent the 
 coronell worde, Captaine Poore and Bartlett and others 
 repayringe to me. I shewed them the path ; we heard the 
 enemie plasshinge and fellinge of trees farre before us. The 
 coronell sent for us to come unto him : he debated with us 
 what he foresaw before our cominge from Nombre de Dios, 
 and though he thought, in his oppinion, we should feare the 
 enemie hence, yet, havinge retreits upon retreits, they would 
 kill our best men without takinge Uttle or any hurte them- 
 selves j and our men began to drop apace ; our powder and 
 match were spoilde by much rain and waters which we had 
 passed, unles it were such as som of our souldiers had with 
 more care preserved. The provision for meate at our coming 
 from Nombre de Dios was seven or eight cakes of bisked or 
 ruske for a man, which was eyther by wette spoyled, or theyr 
 greediness had devoured; so there remained to fewe one 
 daye's bread; to most none at all. Our hurte men, as 
 Captaine Nicholas Baskerville and some other of accounte, 
 we should be driven to leave to the mercie of the enemie, 
 unles they could houlde companie. Before our cominge to 
 Panama, had we beaten them from aU these houlds, which I 
 think would have bin to dangerous for us to have attempted, 
 consideringe the estate we were in, we must have fought 
 with them at a bridge where they had intrenched themselves 
 in a far greater number than we were ; and it is manifest, if 
 we had not within three days gotten some releife, we had bin 
 
16 
 
 SIR FEANCIS DRAKE 
 
 overtlirowen, tliough no enemie had fought against us. But 
 our stomacks callinge these, with other dangers, to his care- 
 fall consideration, he resolved to retire, and so commanded 
 ns to cause the slaine to be throwne out of sight, the hurte 
 to be sent to the quarter from whence we came that mom- 
 inge, and the rest to be drawen away. Heere were slaine 
 Captaine Marchant, our quarter-master, with some other 
 officers, gentlemen, and souldiers. Upon our coming to the 
 quarter, the coronell took view of the hurte, and for such as 
 could ride he procured all the horses of the armie ; for the 
 other, he entreated the enemie to entreate them kindly, as 
 they expected the like from us towards theyrs, of which we 
 had a farre greater number. 
 
 On the seconde of January we returned to Nombre de 
 Dios j our men so wearied with the ilnes of the waye, sur- 
 baited for want of shoes, and weake with theyr diet, that it 
 would have bin a poor dayes service .that we should have 
 done upon an enimie had they been there to resist us. I am 
 persuaded that never armie, great or small, undertooke a 
 march through to unknown places so weakly provided and 
 with so small means to help themselves, unles it might be 
 some few goinge covertly to do som sodaiue exploite before 
 it were thought of by the enemie, and so retume unspied; 
 for, undoubtedly, two hundred men foreknowinge their in- 
 tentions and provided with all thiags necessarie, are able to 
 breake or weaken the greatest force that any prince in Chris- 
 tendome can bringe thither, if he had place to finde more than 
 we had. This marche had made many swere that he will 
 never venture to buy gould at such a price agaiae. I confesse 
 noble spiritts, desirous to do service to theyr prince and 
 country, may soon be persuaded to all hardnes and danger; 
 but havinge once made tryall therof, would be very loth, as I 
 suppose, to carry any force that way againe; for beholdinge it 
 in many places, a man would judge it dangerous for one man 
 to passe alone, almost impossible for horses and an armie. 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 17 
 
 Tlie daye tliat our generall had newes of our returne^ he 
 ment to way and fall nearer to the river Chagree ynth the 
 fleete^ leavinge some few to bringe us if we were enforced to 
 retire, wherof hee little doubted. But beinge beaten from 
 the place where it appeered all his hopes rested for gayninge 
 to himselfe and others this masse of treasure which he so 
 confidently promised before, it was high time for him to 
 devise of some other course. Wherfore, on the fourth of 
 January, he called us to counsayle, and debated with us what 
 was nowe to be done. All these parties had notice long 
 before of all our intentions, as it appeered by letters written 
 from the governor of Lima to the governor of Panama and 
 Numbre de Dios, givinge them advice to be carefiill and to 
 looke well to themselves, for that Drake and Hawkins were 
 makinge readie in England to come upon them. Lima is 
 distant from these places more than three hundred leagues, 
 all overlay ed with snakes. It appear eth that they had good 
 intelligence. This made them to convey theyr treasure to 
 places which they resolved to defend with better force than 
 we were able to attempt. Like as upon the cominge of the 
 sun, dewes and mistes begin to vanish, so our blinded eyes 
 began now to open, and wee founde that the glorious 
 speeches, of an hundred places that they knew in the Indies 
 to make us rich, was but a baite to drawe Her Majestic to 
 give them honorable employments and us to adventure our 
 lives for theyr glory; for now cards and mappes must bee 
 our cheefest directors, hee beiage in these partes at the fur- 
 thest hmit of his knowledge. There hee found out a place 
 called Laguna de Nichoragua, upon which standeth certaine 
 townes, as Granada, Leon, and others ; also the bay of Hon- 
 duras, a place knowne to be of small wealth by itsealfe, un- 
 les it be brought thither to be imbarqued for Spaine. He 
 demanded which of those we would attempt ; our coronell 
 saide, bothe, one after another, and all to little to content us 
 if wee tooke them. It was then resolved that we should 
 
 c 
 
18 
 
 SIR FRANCIS DRAKE 
 
 first for the river, and as matters fell out, for the other. 
 Numbre de Dios, together with their negroe towne were 
 fyred; and we suncke and fyred fourteen small frigotts which 
 we founde in the rode. "We gott here twenty barres of sil- 
 ver, with som gould and certaine plate ; more would have 
 benne founde, had it bene well sought ; but our generall 
 thought it folly to gather our harvest graine by graine, 
 beinge so likely at Panama to thrust our handes into the 
 whole heapes : and after our retume, beinge troubled in 
 minde, hee seemed little to regard any consayle that should 
 be given him to that purpose, but to hasten thence as fast as 
 he might. This is a most wealthy place, being setled upon 
 a grounde full of camphyre, environed with hilly woodes and 
 mountaines, the bottom a dampish fen. Hence wee departed 
 the fifth, and held our course for Nichragua. 
 
 On the ninth we founde a very deepe and dangerous baye, 
 playinge it here up and downe : all men weary of the place. 
 The tenth we descried a small iland called Escudes, where 
 we came to anchor: and here we tooke a frygotte which 
 was an advice of the kinge^s. By this we learned that the 
 townes standinge upon this lake, were of small wealth and 
 very dangerous, by reason of many shoals and greate roughes 
 our mariners should have, it beinge an hundred leagues : yet 
 if the winde would have permitted, we had assuredly put for 
 them, and never returned to one halfe againe. Heere we 
 stayed, at a waste island where there was no reliefe but a few 
 tortoyses for such as could catch them, twelve days. This 
 is counted the sickliest place of the Indies ; and heere died 
 many of our men, victualls beginninge to growe scarse with 
 us. In the end, findinge the winde to continue contrary, he 
 resolved to departe, and to take the winde as God sent it. 
 
 So on the twenty-second we went hence, having there 
 buried Captaine Plott, Egerton, and divers others. . I ques- 
 tioned with our generall, beinge often private with him whilst 
 we stayed heere, to see whether hee would revéale unto mee 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 19 
 
 any of his purposes ; and I demanded of liim_, why hee so 
 often conjured me, beinge in England, to stay with him in 
 these partes as longe as himself e, and where the place was. 
 He answered me with griefe, protestinge that hee was as 
 ignorant of the Indies as mysealfe, and that he never thought 
 any place could be so changed, as it were from a delitious 
 and pleasant arbour into a wast and desarte wildemesse ; 
 besides the variableness of the winde and weather, so stormie 
 and blusterous as hee never sawe it before. But hee most 
 wondred that since his cominge out of England he never 
 sawe sayle worth givinge chace unto : yet in the greatness of 
 his minde, hee would, in the end, conclude with these wordes : 
 It matters not, man; God hath many thinges in store for 
 us ; and I knowe many means to do Her Majestic good ser- 
 vice and to make us riche, for we must have gould before 
 wee see Englande"; when, goode gentleman, (in my conceite) 
 it fared with him as with some careles livinge man who pro- 
 digally consumes his time, fondly perswadinge himselfe that 
 the nurse that fedde him in his childhood will likewise 
 nourish him in his ould age, and, finding the dugge dried and 
 withered, enforced then to behould his folly, tormented in 
 mind, dieth with a starved bodie. Hee had, beside his own 
 adventure, gaged his owne reputation greatly, in promisinge 
 Her Majestic to do her honorable service, and to returne her 
 a very profitable adventure ; and havinge sufficiently experi- 
 enced, for seven or eight years together, how hard it was 
 to regain favour once ill thought of, the mistresse of his 
 fortune now leavinge him to yield to a discontented minde. 
 And since our returne from Panama he never caried mirth 
 nor joy in his face ; yet no man hee loved must conjecture 
 that hee tooke thought thereof. But heere hee began to 
 grow sickly. At this iland we suncke a carveU which we 
 brought out of England, puttinge her men and victualls into 
 a last taken ftigott. From hence a great currante setts 
 towards the estward; by reason wherof, with the scant of 
 
 c2 
 
20 
 
 SIR FRANCIS DILiKE 
 
 winde we had on "Wednesday, beinge the twenty-eight, we 
 came to Portabella, which is within eight or nine leagues of 
 Numbre de Dios. It was the best harborough we came unto 
 sence we left Plymouth. 
 
 This morninge, about seven of the clocke, Sir Francis died. 
 The next day Sir Thomas Baskerville caried him a league of, 
 and buried him in the sea. In this place, the inhabitants of 
 Numbre de Dios meant to build a towne, it beinge far more 
 healthye than where they dwell. Heere they began a forte 
 which alreadÍ3 cost the kinge seven thousand purses, and a 
 fewe houses towards their town, which they called Civitas 
 Sti. Philippi. Them we fired, rasinge the fortification to the 
 grounde. Heere we found, as in other places, all abandoned; 
 theyr ordinance cast into the sea, some of which we foimde, 
 and caried aboard the Garland. 
 
 Our generalls beinge dead, most men^s heartes were bent 
 to hasten for England as soon as they might; but Sir 
 Thomas Baskervile havinge the comand of the armie by ver- 
 tue of Her Majestie^s broad scale, endeavoured to prevent 
 the disseveringe of the fleet, and to that end, talked with 
 such as hee hearde intended to quite companie before they 
 were disembogued, and drew all companies to subscribe to 
 certaine articles signifyinge our purposes — ^viz., that puttinge 
 hence, wee should turne it backe to St. Tomarto^ if the winde 
 would suffer U5, otherwise to nm over for Jamaica, where it was 
 thought we should bee refreshed with some victualls. Mat- 
 ters thus concluded, the Delight, the Elizabeth, and our late 
 taken frigotts were suncke. Many of the negro men and 
 base prisoners were here put on shore; and heere we wayed 
 on Sunday the eighth of February. Our victualls began to 
 shorten apace, yet we had lyen a longe time at very harde 
 alowance, — four men each morninge one quarte of beere and 
 cake of biskett for diner, and for supper one quarte of beere 
 
 8 Santa Martha. 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 21 
 
 ánd two cakes of biskett and two cans of water, with a pinte 
 of pease or half a pinte of rise or somwliat more of oatemeale. 
 This was our allowance beinge at Portabella and six weekes 
 before^ but that we had sometime stockfish. From thence 
 there is a current that sets to the eastward, by the helpe of 
 which, on the fourteenth, wee had sight of an iland shorte of 
 Carthagena fifteen or sixteen leagues 3 further than this wee 
 could not go to the estward, for that the current had left us. 
 The fifteenth at night, it beinge faire weather, we lost sight 
 of our fleete. Heere as I grew discontented, knowinge it 
 touched my poore regulation so to leave the armie; and I had 
 many thinges to perswade mee that it was done of purpose 
 by the captaine and master, therby gaininge an excuse to 
 departe ; I shewed the captaine of the danger he should run 
 into by leavinge so honorable forces when they had neede of 
 our companie : and God knoweth that had I had but judg- 
 ment which way to have cast for them, I would rather have 
 lost my life then so forsake the like. He deposed on the 
 bible, and Christianitie made me believe him. But playinge 
 it up and downe about twelve of the clocke, and discoveringe 
 none of them, the wind blew so contrary that the seamen 
 affirmed by houldinge this course we should be cast backe in 
 the bay, and they perswaded that our fleete could not attaine 
 St. Tomarto, but were gone over for Jamaica, whither they 
 would follow them I plainly forsaw that if we missed them 
 there, it was Hke that we should no more meete till we came 
 to England, which would have made me to perswade a longer 
 search upon the maine ; but my hope of their beinge there, 
 together with the weakness of our men and the small meanes 
 we had to retaine them, fearinge lest my delay might én- 
 danger Her Majesties shippes and the whole companie, I 
 yielded to theyr perswasions. We were in ten degrees and 
 a halfe when we put from hence, and we came till the 
 twenty-second, when we had sight of a very dangerous shoale 
 w^hich our seamen thought they had passed neare two dayes 
 
23 
 
 SIR FEA>íCIS DILiKE 
 
 before. If we had fallen with it in the night we had bin all 
 lost. The shoale is named Secrana. 
 
 On Shrove Wensday, being the twenty-fourth, we fell with 
 Jamaica, and by meanes of a Mulatow and an Indian, we 
 had, this night, forty bundles of dried beife, which served 
 our whole companie so many dayes. We came to anchor at 
 the westermost parte of the iland, in a faire, sandie bay, 
 where we watered, and stayed, in hope to have some newes of 
 our fleete, seven dayes. This, our stay, brought no intelli- 
 gence, wherfore our seamen thought that our fleet, not able 
 to recover this place, were fallen eyther with Cape Corantes 
 or Cape St. Antoine^; these places we ment to tonch in our 
 course; and hence we went the first of March. On the sixth 
 we sawe a shippe on the leaward of ns, and the next morn- 
 inge we made her to be the Pegasine, one of our fleete, who, 
 as they sayde, lost the admirall neere the time as we did, 
 beinge by the coronell sent to the Susan Bonaventure, 
 whom they left in greate distresse, by reason of a lake they 
 had taken, and I greatly feared, by theyr reporte, they are 
 perished. There were in her one hundred and thirty or 
 one hundred and forty persons, many gallant gentlemen and 
 good men. If they perish, this shippe shall repent it. 
 Houldinge our course for these places, we descried five 
 sayles a stem of us. /We stayed for them, and soone made 
 them to be none of our fieete ; and we had good reason to 
 perswade us they were enimies. They had the winde of ujs, 
 but we soone regained it upon them, which made them, 
 upon a peece of ordinance shott of by the greatest shippe, 
 tacke about; we tackt with them; when the captain of this 
 shippe faithfully protested unto me not to shoote a peece of 
 ordinance till we came boord and boorde, and then I pro- 
 mised him, with our small shot, to win the greatest or lose 
 our persons. This we might have done without endanger- 
 
 9 C. Comentes and C. St. Antonio, at the western extremity of Cuba. - 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 23 
 
 inge Her Majestie's shippes; but our enimie^ playinge upon us 
 with theyr ordinance, made our gunners fall to it ere we were 
 at musket shot, and no nearer could I bringe them, though I 
 had no hope to take any of them but by boordinge. Heere 
 we popt away powder and shott to no purpose, for most of 
 our gunners would hardly have stricken Panic's steeple had 
 it stoode there. I am a yonge seaman, yet my small judg- 
 ment and knowledge makes me avowe, that never shippe of 
 Her Maj esticas went so vilely manned out of her kingdom ; 
 not twenty of them worthy to come into her shippes ; and I 
 know not what had possessed the captaine, but his mind was 
 cleane altered, tellinge me that he had no authoritie to lay 
 any shippe aboorde, wherby he might endanger this. Her 
 Majestie's ; and they beinge, as he sayd, the kinge's men of 
 warre, they would rather fire with us than be taken. Had I 
 beene a marchant of her burden (God favoringe me), they 
 would have bin mine, as many as stoode to the tryall of 
 theyr fortune ; but the paltrie Pegosie we lately met withall 
 never came neere us by a league, which was some colour to 
 our men to give them over. So after I had endeavored by 
 mysealfe, my lewetenant and other gentlemen, by perswasion, 
 to worke the captaine resolutely to attempt them, and find- 
 inge no disposition in him but to consume powder and shott 
 to no purpose, but firinge it in the ayer, I yielded to give 
 them over, perswadinge mysealfe that God had even or- 
 dained that we should not with any nature attempt where 
 we were resisted with never so weake forces. Thus away we 
 went, and the winde choppinge us southerly, our seamen 
 held that our fleete coulde neither ride at Corants nor at 
 St. Antony, which made me condescend to leave the Indies, 
 with all her treasure, and to plye the next course to disem- 
 bogue,^° for little hope was left me that we should do Her 
 Majestic any service, or good to our selves, when, upon the 
 
 10 Disemhogue signifies here (as in p. 20, 1. 22), to pass the Bocas ; to 
 get clear of the narrow seas and enter the ocean. 
 
24 
 
 SIE FEA>'CIS DRAKE 
 
 feigned exclises of eiidangering her shippes wliich she sent 
 forth to fight if occasion n^ere offered; and to perswade my- 
 sealfe that Her Majestic priseth not her ships deerer than 
 the lives of so many faithful suhjects, T?ho gladly would have 
 ventured theyr lives^ and upon no brain-sick humour, but 
 from a trew desire to do Her Highness some service for 
 the charge and adventure she had been at in this glorious 
 spoken-of jomey. Fortune's child was dead_, thinges would 
 not fall into our mouthes, nor riches be our portions, howe 
 dearly soever we adventured for them. Thus avoydinge Silla 
 (after the proverbe)/we felle into Charibdis, and indeede we 
 were not nowe farre from it.*^ 
 
 Our master, a careful ould man, but not experienced upon 
 these coastes, rather followinge the advice of others than 
 relienge on his owne judgment, brought us, on the twelfth, 
 three hours' before daye, into a very shallow water, upon a 
 dangerous bancke, which some held to be the Meltilettes, 
 others for the Tortugas, eyther like enough to have swal- 
 lowed us, had not God blest us with fayre weather. Freinge 
 ourselves of this danger, upon Monday the fifteenth of 
 March we entered the gulfe, and by ten of the clocke we 
 brought the Cape of Florida west of us. On the seven- 
 teenth (the Lord be thanked) we were disembogued. After 
 this, we ran with most fowle weather and contrary windes 
 till the first of May, when we had soundinge in ninety 
 fathoms, beinge in the Channell, and on the third we had 
 sight of Sylly ; the which day, ere night, we came to anchor, 
 (the Lord be therefore praysed) 1596. 
 
 To give mine oppinion of the Indies, I verily think that 
 filchinge men of warre shall do more goode then such a 
 fleete, if they have aine forewaminge of theyr cominge. And 
 unles Her Majestic will imdertake so royally as to dis- 
 possesse him of the landes of Porterico, Hispaniola, and 
 Cuba, her charge will be greater in sendinge thither, then 
 the profitt such a fleet can retui'ne, for havinge but a fewe 
 
HIS VOYAGE. 
 
 25 
 
 days warninge,, it is easy for tliem to convey tlieyr goods 
 into assured safetie, as experience hath taught us. Theyr 
 townes they dare not redeeme^ beinge enjoyned the contrary 
 by the kinge's comandment. These places will be taken 
 and possessed by two thousand men; and by this Her 
 Majestic might debarre the kinge of Spain of his whole pro- 
 fitt of the Indies: and the first gaininge them will return 
 her a sufficient requittal for her adventure. God grant I 
 may live to see such an enterprise put in practise ; and the 
 kinge of Spaine will speedily ñye to what conditions of 
 peace Her Majestic will require. 
 
 Thus I have truly set do^Ti the whole discourse of our 
 voyage, usinge therin many idle wordes and ill-compared 
 sentences. It was done on the sea, which I thinke can alter 
 any disposition. Your loves, I thinke, can pardon these 
 faltes, and secret them from the vewe of others. 
 
 The first of March the fleet e fell with the Pinnas,""^ on the 
 land of Cuba, which day they had sight of the Spanish fleete 
 by eleven of the clocke ; where Sir Thomas Baskervile gave 
 directions for the fleete as thus : — the Garland, being admi- 
 rall, with one halfe of the fleete to have the vanguard ; the 
 Hope, beinge vice- admiral!, with the other halfe, the rere- 
 ward. The fight continued fiercely three hours within mus- 
 kett shott. That night they saw the Spanish Vice-admirall, 
 a ship of seven hundred tonne, burned, with other six lost 
 and suncke by the next morninge, when they departed. The 
 Hope received a leake and was forced to go from the fleete 
 to an iland, called St. Crusado, inhabited by canniballs, 
 where they had store of hens and Indian wheate for nine 
 weekes. March eighth, the fleete shott the gulfe and came 
 for England, leavinge Florida on the starboard side; and 
 when they came to the Inchanted Islands they were dis- 
 persed, and came home one by one. 
 
 Thomas Maynarde. 
 11 The Isla de Pinos. 
 
RELACION 
 
 DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 EN SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO DE LAS YNDIAS, 
 
 CON LA ARMADA YNGLESA 
 
 DEL CARGO DE 
 
 FRANCIS DRAQUE Y JUAN AQUINES, 
 
 A LOS 23rd de NOVIEMBRE DE 
 1595. 
 
RELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO, ETC. 
 
 AvEENDO salido de la Avana para España el general 
 Sancho Pardo y Osorio a los 10 de Mar90 deste año, con 
 la capitana de la flota de tierra firme de su cargo, en con- 
 serva de la armada de don Fran". Coloma, y aviendose 
 aliado* en la tormenta que corrió desembocada de la canal a 
 los 15 del dho mes en altura de 28 grados y medio, sin árbol 
 mayor, rompido el timón, y la nao haciendo mucha agua, 
 apartada de las demás, imposibilitada de seguir su viage, 
 para salvar las vidas de 300 personas que en ella venian y 
 dos millones de oro y plata de su Magestad y particulares, 
 con acuerdo y parecer del vehedor Martin Vomero de 
 Caamano y de los pilotos y demás personas platicas que alli 
 se aliaron, aribo a Puerto rico a donde bien milagrosamente 
 llego a los 9 de April, y alli desembarco y puso la Plata en 
 la forta,lc9a de la ciudad. Luego el dho general despacho a 
 su Magestad primero y secundo aviso haciéndoles saver su 
 ariba, para que mandase lo que hubiese de ha9er, y parece 
 que la divina [providencia] permitió por secretos suyos que 
 la orden, pudiendo ser antes, Uegare a tiempo que no solo 
 aseguro la Plata sino esta tierra y seria posible todas las 
 Yndias, por lo que adelante se vera, aquien se pueden dar 
 muchas gratias. 
 
 Pocos días después de aver despachado los dhos avisos, los 
 tuvo de su Magestad el goveruador desta ysla Pedro Suares 
 
 1 For hallado, as Avana (above) for Havana, an (lower down) for han, 
 avito for habito, (fee. 
 
 3 
 
30 
 
 RELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 Coronel en que le a^dso en que en Yngalaterra se aprestava una 
 gruesa armada para venir aganar esta ysla en tiempo de em- 
 biemo, por pare9er que enton9es estaría menos apercevida. 
 Entendidos por el general j el dho veedor los dlios avisos se 
 juntaron con el govemador y con Fran". Cid, capitán de la 
 ynfanteria deste presidio, y tratado y conferído las preven- 
 tiones que se debian ba9er para seguridad de la tierra y Plata 
 de su Magestad para que en caso que el enemigo viniese no 
 se apoderase de todo ello, fueron todos juntos a reconecer 
 los sitios y baraderos por donde el enemigo podía acometer y 
 echar gente en tierra, y que en las partes que al general le 
 pareció, mando plantar parte de la artillería de su capitana y 
 atravesar la nao en la canal del puerto, para que quando 
 viniese el enemigo, se echase a fondo y sele 5egase la entrada, 
 pareciendo que por aUi avia de acometer y lo demás ríesgo, 
 y contener la gente en buena guarída; se estubo en espera de 
 la orden de su Magestad para hacer su viage. 
 
 A los 13th de Nobiembre deste ano llego a este puerto 
 Don Pedro Tello de Guzman, con las cincas fragatas de su 
 Magestad para que el general Sancho Pardo embarcase en 
 ella la plata de su Magestad y se faese la buelta de españa, 
 haciendo officio de su Almirante el dho Pedro Tello, el qual 
 después de aver entregado sus despachos, le dijo al dho 
 general como viniendo en seguimiento de su viage, avian 
 encontrado dos navios yngleses en la ysla de Guadalupe, que 
 se avian apartado de la armada ynglesa y que su almirante 
 Gongalo Méndez de Can90 avia rendido y echado a fondo el 
 uno, después de aver le sacado os yngleses prísiones y que 
 yendo el dho Don Pedro en seguimiento del otro navio des- 
 cubrío nueve velas de la armada del enemigo, y desque las 
 vio viro la otra buelta siguiendo su viage; y que los dhos 
 yngleses prísioneros avian declarado que cerca de alli en la 
 misma ysla de Guadalupe a la banda del sur, estava surta la 
 armada de la reyna de yngalaterra, y aprestando lanchas con 
 veinte y cinco navios, los seis de los galeones de la reyna de 800 
 
EN SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 31 
 
 toneladas y otros dos del mesmo porte de particnlares, y todos 
 en dos esqnadras^ y por generales Fran°, Draque y Juan Aqui- 
 nes, govemando la derota y cosas de tierra Fran^. Draque y su 
 lugarteniente en tierra Don Thomas Vasquezarfil ; y que traia 
 la armada 30^ infantes y 10,500 marineros bien artillados, y 
 que venian derechos a Puerto rico, como parecia por la ynstruc- 
 cion que se le tomo al capitán del dlio navio yngles en la qual se 
 le ordeno en caso que por alguno for90so se apartase, viniese 
 a Puerto rico, donde le aguardarían 10 dias, y que alli se 
 dexarian orden adonde avian de yr después, sin declarar otro 
 disegno; y que conforme a esto el dbo Don Pedro venia 
 temeroso que no ubiese venido delante y estubiese ganada la 
 tierra, y que puesto no avia sido, tenia por cierto que aes otro 
 dia estaría sobre el puerto, y que conforme a esto el general 
 ordenase su partida como mas pareciese combenir. 
 
 Visto el general Sancho Pardo la relación del dho Don 
 Pedro Tello y su Almirante Gon9alo Méndez y que esta 
 nueba le allava en la cama y indispuesto de enfermidad, 
 de algunos dias avia estava con ella, hÍ9o avisar a Obispo y 
 al govemador, pidiéndoles se viesen con el y los capitanes 
 de fragatas Marco Antonio Becerra, cabo de la compania de 
 Arcabu9eros, y Pedro de Guia del avito de San Juan, 
 y Domingo de Ynsaurraga, Fran". Gomez, capitán deste 
 presidio, y el veedor Martin Vomero de Caamaño, Juan de la 
 Vera, contador de las fragatas ; y todos juntos en su posada 
 y aviendo tratado y propuesto el dho general la relación que 
 tenia del enemigo y los medios mas combenientes que avia 
 por la seguridad de la tierra y plata; supuesto que la armada 
 enemiga era tanta y esperarse tan breve, y que las fragatas 
 precisamente tenian necesidad de adere9arse y meter agua y 
 leña y embarcarse la plata en que se avian de detener ocho 
 dias por lo menos, y considerando que el enemigo quando 
 estuviese con esta ocupación, y quando no por el aviso que le 
 
 2 This ought, probably, to be 3000. 
 
32 
 
 EELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 pudo dar el otro navio que se vio, que estas fragatas venian 
 por la plata que ya savia que estava aqui, la podia esperar al 
 paso, oque de la tierra se podia apoderar j fortificarse en ella 
 para conquistar a todas las Yndias, en que a su Magestad 
 leseguia gran perjucio y daño de su reputación. 
 
 Todos de unánime conformes acordaron que la tierra se 
 fortificase con la artillería y gente, y que la nao capitana de 
 tierra firme y otro de Pedro Milanes se echasen a fondo en 
 la canal del puerto para 9egar la entrada, y que la plata no se 
 mudase de la fortaleya asta ver como las cosas se ponian, 
 pareciendo estara alli mas segura y en parte donde quando 
 per nuestros pecados se lo ordenava, se pudiera echar al a mar 
 paraque no la g09ase el enemigo, y con esta resolución sean 
 ydo poniendo en execution con mucha priesa y diligencia 
 de noche y de dia todas preven9Íones posibles. 
 
 El general Sancho Pardo como persona de tanta experíentia 
 y que tenia visto y reconoyido los sitios y puertos de la tierra, 
 aseguro al dho Don Pedro Tello y a los que con el venian, 
 que era caso ymposible perderse la tierra quiriendo los 
 nuestros pelear y ha9er el deber, y que solo avia tener 
 cuidado del puerto, que la armada no se metiese de golpe, y 
 que par eso era bien se echasen a fondo las dos naos que 
 estava acordado, y en sus espaldas las fragatas con las proas 
 a la mar par resistir la entrada, y que con eso estava segura 
 la tierra y plata de su Magestad, de que seria muy servido, 
 en cuyo nombre les pedio acudiesen a sus obligaciones ; y para 
 esto Don Pedro Tello tomo a su cargo la defensa del puerto. 
 
 El Obispo oífre9Ío de de9Ír el otro dia una misa y una 
 platica ala gente, como lo hÍ9o, chrístianamente encargándole 
 el servÍ9Ío de Dios y de su rey, y siempre continuo este officio 
 de noche y de dia visitando los puestos donde la gente estava, 
 puniendo en cada uno un sa9erdote y animándolos con 
 mucho exfuer 90. 
 
 Este dia el governador y general despacharon un barco 
 con aviso a sancto Domingo para que se pusiesen y estu- 
 
EN SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 33 
 
 biesen a la mira por si el enemigo yba alia como se entiende 
 y se le escrivio al Presidente, que luego avisase lo mismo a 
 Cartagena y a S anota María. 
 
 Luego se I1Í90 muestra de toda la gente de la tierra, y 
 parte de la que avia en las fragatas se desembarco por ser 
 necesario para la tierra ; alióse en todo a 10,300 personas y 
 en estos 700 de pelea y los 800 de fragatas y capitana de 
 tierra firme, y las demás del presidio y forasteros, en los 
 quales avia 50 de a cavallo con lanja y adarga, que todo se 
 repartieron en la forma siguiente : 
 
 En la caleta del morillo el Capitán Pedro 
 de G-uia del avito de San Juan, con ciento 
 cinquenta soldados , . . .150 
 En la caleta del cabrón, Alonso de Vargas 
 
 con cien soldados . . . . .100 
 En la puente y boquerón, Pedro Vazquez 
 
 Alférez con ciento y cinquenta soldados 150 
 En las fragatas, trecientas personas a orden 
 
 de Don Pedro Tello .... 300 
 En el voca de vayamon, el capitán Otega con 
 
 cinquenta soldados , . , . 50 
 
 750 
 
 Toda la demás gente esta en el morro y en la pla9a de 
 Armas a cargo del capitán Marco Antonio Ve9erra y la de a 
 cavallo al del governador, para acudir los dos cada uno con la 
 de su cargo, a la parte mas combiniente y que mas negesidas 
 tubiese de socorro. 
 
 ARTILLERIA PLANTADA. 
 
 En el morro, veinte y siete pie9as de bron9e 
 
 muy buenas . . . . . 27 
 
 En la plata forma del otro morro, 9Ínco pie9as 5 
 
 En sancta elena, quatro pie9as ... 4 
 En la caleta de los frayles junto a la fortale9a, 
 
 tres pie9as ...... 3 
 
 D 
 
34 
 
 RELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 En la caleta de sancta catalina^ 9mco pieyas 5 
 
 En el tejar, nuebe pie9as .... 9 
 
 En la boca de vayamon, dos pie9as . . 2 
 En la puente y en nn navio que alia se puso, 
 
 seis pie9as. ...... 6 
 
 En el boquerón, quatro pie9as ... 4 
 
 En la caleta de cabrón, dos pie9as . . 2 
 
 En la caleta del morillo, tres pie9as . . 3 
 
 70 
 
 y las fragatas bien artilladas j sin las quales avia las dhas 
 setenta pie9as de artillería plantadas y buenos artilleros en 
 cada puesto y por sobreestante de los fuertes del morro y 
 morillo de sancta Elena, el Almirante Gon9alo Méndez de 
 Can9o. 
 
 A los 15 del dbo llego aviso dal govemador de Canaria 
 despachado al de aquí, para que supiese como la armada 
 enemiga avia pasado por alli y aviendo cebado alguna gente 
 en tierra para ba^er agua, le avian ecbo retirar con daño de 
 veinte y ^inco personas, y que venia la buelta de las yndias ; y 
 el dbo aviso dijo como al pasar por la ysla de san Martin avia 
 visto surta la armada con veinte y 9Ínco velas. 
 
 Luego el dbo dia el General Sancbo Pardo despacbo el 
 mismo al governador de la Avana y le escrivio avisase a 
 nueva España al general Pedro Melendez que estava alia con 
 su flota. Estando ecbas todas estas preventiones toda la 
 gente deseosa de verse con el enemigo, entraron en consejo 
 el dbo general y Don Pedro Tello, y el Almirante Gon9alo 
 Méndez y los capitanes Marco Antonio Ve9erra, Pedro de 
 Guia, Domingo de Ynsaurraga, el vebedor Martin Vomero 
 de Caamaño, y aviendo tratado si seria bien embarcar la 
 plata en dos fragatas, para que en caso que el enemigo se 
 pusiese sobre el puerto, como mas lijeras se pudiesen escapar 
 de nocbe, siguiéndoles las otras tres en reta guardia, para que 
 si se ofre9Íese quedasen peleándo y las dos siguiesen su viage ; 
 
EN SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 35 
 
 los mas Votos conformáronse enque no se mudase la plata 
 de donde estava, porque seria desanimar la gente de la tierra 
 que estava con animo de defenderla peJeando, y viendo que 
 los desemparavan sedesanimarian y su Magestad perdería la 
 tierra y su reputación, enque le iba a áegir mucho mas de lo 
 que le importava la plata ; que lo que conbenio era hacer 
 rostro al enemigo confiando en Dios que nos daria victoria ; 
 y visto por el general la mayor parte de los pareceres, ordeno 
 a Don Pedro Tello que con diligencia aprestase las fragatas, 
 para quando lo estubiese y combiniese embarcar la plata se 
 hÍ9Íese, en el entretanto que el enemigo daria muestras de si 
 por si estubiese esperando al passo, mando fuese una carabela 
 la buelta de la mar 50 leguas a descubrir ; y ansi se hico y la 
 plata se estubo queda que fue bien a9ertado. 
 
 Miércoles 22 del dbo mes de Nobiembre al amaneger se 
 descubrió la armada enemiga a la vista de tierra con 23 velas 
 y una carabela latina, las 6 galeones de la reyna de 800 tone- 
 ladas, y dos naos del mismo porte y los demás navios de 300, 
 y de 150, y de ayavajo y 40 lanchas venian navegando bien 
 recogidas. Luego se toco a arma y cada qual acudió a su puesto 
 con mucha alegria y buen animo de pelear. El viento era 
 poco y asi venia con espacio asta que entro la briga. Venia 
 delante la carabela latina y algunas lanchas soldando la 
 costa con vanderas blancas en señal, y llegándose una enfrente 
 del boquerón, le tiraron de alli con una pie^a que la hÍ9Íeron 
 retirar a la mar y luego pusieron otras vanderas coloradas; y 
 pasando delante después del medio dia, dio fondo toda la 
 armada enfrente de la caleta del cabrón donde jamas se vio 
 surgir ningún navio por ser costa y donde no se savia que 
 se podia dar fondo asta después de ser ydo el enemigo, que 
 embio el general a sondar la parte donde estubo y se alio de 
 20 a 30 brabas en limpio, y según lo que se entendió era su 
 fin echar alli gente de vajo de su artilleria, pare^iendole 
 aliamos desaper^evidos y que no ubiese ninguna muestra 
 que se le resistiese el paso, y alióse engañado. 
 
 D 2 
 
36 
 
 RELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 Estando junta la dha Armada en la parte que digo, los 
 nuestros le tiraron muclias piezas de artillería del morrillo y 
 de la caleta del cabrón, tanto que algunas yalas le liÍ9Íeron 
 daño por lo que después que se supo que le mataron a Juan 
 A quines, general de la una esquadra y a dos caballeros de los 
 principales que con el venian y otra gente, y que a Fran°. 
 Draque le Ileyaron la mesa en que estava comiendo y la bala 
 dio a un personage que con el venia que se supo no escapara. 
 
 Viendo el enemigo el daño que de tierra se le lia9Ía, embio 
 la carabela latina con un piloto ysléno de nation mulato que 
 dicen es muy platico en estas partes, llevando consigo cinco 
 lanchas la buelta del puerto a recone9erle y a sondar junto 
 la boca del ysloto que llaman ysla de Cabras, que esta a la 
 vanda del oeste, y después de aver fondado volvió la una 
 lancha a dar aviso a la armada, la qual se desalojo luego de 
 alli a las cinco de la tarde, sin ayer tirado pie9a ni un solo 
 mosquete en todo el tiempo que alli estubo, y se fae buelta 
 de la mar, y de una y otra se andubo aquella noche asta 
 otro dia. 
 
 Juebes siguiente a las ocho de la mañana ñie a surgir toda 
 la armada al socayre del yslote que el dia antes avian soldado 
 junto al puerto, que fue otro nuebo surgidero no cono9Ído 
 asta enton9es por ser fondo de 60 bra9as sobre bajos subjeto 
 a que con qualquiera tiempo de brave9a se pudiera perder en 
 la costa. Alli estubo siéndole el tiempo favorable, sin poder la 
 alcan9ar nuestra artillería, y aquella tarde embio dos lanchas a 
 asondar la playa de vayamon asta la estacada del carivelo y a 
 recone9er aquellos vajos para ver si por alli podría echar gente 
 en tierra, y en la una lancha bein entoldada fue Fran". 
 Draque por lo que después se supo. 
 
 Visto por Don Pedro Tello, a cuyo cargo estava el puerto, 
 las diligencias que el enemigo ha9Ía, y pareciendole que avia 
 de acometer por la estacada del carivelo rompiéndola aquella 
 noche con lanchas para echar gente en tierra, acudió al 
 general a dar le quenta dello, y a pedirle gente para que ' 
 
EN SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 37 
 
 fuesen a defender a quel paso^ y el general ordeno que 
 aquella tarde estubiese alH el capitán Agustín de Candecho 
 con 30 soldados j que a la noche fuesen 50 soldados a cargo 
 del vehedor Martin Vomero de Caamaño, con orden de que 
 si la fiier9a del enemigo fuese superior, se retirase con la 
 gente en los barcos a las fragatas para lia9erse fuertes en ellas. 
 
 El dicho jueves 23 dia de San Clemente a las 10 de la 
 noche con la obscuridad acometió el enemigo al puerto con 
 25 lanchas j en cada una de 50 a 60 personas bien armadas 
 con fin de quemar las fragatas según lo que se vio, j todas 
 entraron arrimadas a la plata forma del morro, metiéndose de 
 vajo de la artillería, y según lo que después se supo, Fran°, 
 Draque vino en la una asta la boca del puerto, a meter las 
 demás, y aunque hacia obscuro se vieron las lanchas y luego 
 comento a jugar la artillería del morro y del fuerte de sancta 
 elena y las fragatas muy a priesa, y las mas de las lanchas 
 embistieron con la fragata texeda Capitana poniéndole fuego 
 por la proa, echándole dentro muchas alcancías, bombas de 
 fuego, y los nuestros con mucha dihgencia lo apagaron sin 
 daño ninguno, peleando con artillería, mosquetería, piedras, 
 y al mismo tiempo pusieron fuego a la fragata sancta ysabel 
 y a la fragata Magdalena y a sancta clara, el qual se apago ; 
 y la tercera vez que se encendió en la fragata magdalena de 
 que era capitán Domingo de Ynsaurraga, no se pudo apagar, 
 por averse encendido por popa con mucha furia, y todo lo 
 que dio lugar a poder estar en ella y pelear lo hÍ90 el dho 
 capitán y la gente que con el se alio, astaque estava ya casi 
 quemada y muertas 12 personas de la mosquetería del 
 enemigo, y otras tantas que se quemaron; y el dho capitán se 
 escapo a nado por medio de las lanchas, y se fue a la fragata 
 sancta Ysabel que estava a cargo del capitán Juan Flores de 
 Rabanal en lugar del capitán Pedro de Guia que tenia un 
 sitio de tierra a su cargo, y allí ayudo a todo lo que se ofreció. 
 Duro el pelear una hora la mas reñida que sea visto, y 
 con el fuego de la fragata que se quemo, aclaro todo el 
 
38 
 
 "EELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 puerto dé manera que fue bien para las demás que se 
 veian para asentar nra artilleria y la de los fuertes,, con la 
 quel y con la mosquetería y piedras que de las fragatas se 
 tiraron^ les hicieron tanto daño que se retiraron acabo de 
 una ora que como digo se peleava, con perdida de 9 o 10 
 lanchas y mas de 400 personas sin otros muchos que fueron 
 heridos ; no aviendo de nuestra parte mas de la perdida de 
 la fragata y quarenta personas muertas y quemadas^ de la 
 mosquetería algunos heridos. Fue muy de ver lo bien que 
 las fr'agatas pelearon y quan bien les acudió el artilleria de 
 los fuertes particularmente el de sancta elena que estava 
 mas amano para ofender las lanchas. 
 
 Viernes 24, considerando que el enemigo avia de asegundar 
 aquella noche y que avia de echar gente en tierra^ dende 
 que amane9Ío no pesaron prevenciones por nuestra parte^ 
 plantando artilleria en algunos puertos de tierra como fue en 
 todo el tejar, que estava a cargo del govemador y del Capitán 
 Marco Antonio con la gente del cuerpo de guardia; en la 
 caleta de sancta Catalina se paso el capitán Guia que antes 
 estava en el morrillo con 50 arcabujeros, y ^n la caleta de los 
 fi-ayles jimto a la fortaleca otros dos piezas y 30 soldados a 
 cargo del vehedor Martin Yomero, y en todas partes se 
 hicieron muchas trincheras y fortificaciones trabajando cada 
 qual con el apadon en la mano, sin que hubiese negro que a 
 ello ayudase, porque todos los vecinos los embiaron al monte 
 con sus aciendas y mugeres luego que asomo el enemigo. 
 
 Toda via como a las 8 de la mañana con el terral se levo 
 la armada enemiga buelta a la mar procurando ponerse a 
 barlobento del puerto, y ansi andubo asta la tarde y pare- 
 ^iendole a Don Pedro Tello que esto era para entrarse de 
 golpe en el puerto, fue a tierra a degirle al general que le 
 parecia que el enemigo se venia derecho al puerto, y que con 
 los dos naos que se avian echado a fondo, no estava del todo 
 cerrado la canal y que cómbenla echar dos fragatas en la 
 parte que estava libre para que del todo se ympidiese la en-p 
 
EN SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 39 
 
 trada, pues era de tanta importancia a segui-ar el puerto que 
 las dos fragatas por muclias considerationes y bien del 
 servicio de su Magestad. 
 
 El general Sancho Pardo I1Í90 luego junta del govemador 
 y de mas ministros,, y luego acordaron que se hecliase una 
 fragata a fondo en la canal a caso que no bastase un navio de 
 Pedro Sedeño que estava cargado de mercadurías y otro de 
 menos porte, los quales se echasen luego como estavan, pues 
 el brebedad del tiempo no daba lugar a la descarga, y que la 
 fragata se echase quando el dho Don Pedro le paregiese 
 combenir. 
 
 A las 4 de la tarde venia el enemigo con la brÍ9a caminando 
 a9Ía el puerto y creyendo Don Pedro Tello que venia derecho a 
 el, echo a fondo los dos navios de Sedeño y Juan Diaz de 
 Sancta Ana, y la fragata tejeda, sin que la brebedad del tiempo 
 diese lugar a sacarle todos los bastimentos y artilleria, aunque 
 alguna parte se saco, y con esto se ^erro toda la entrada de la 
 canal, y el enemigo a la ora9Íon surgió entre el morro y la 
 ysla de cabras donde estubo surto la noche antes. 
 
 Visto que la armada estava surta y mas cerca de la 
 entrada del puerto, se volvió a confirmar la sospecha que se 
 tenia de que aquella noche a^da de procurar acabar de 
 quemar las fragatas y echar gente en tierra : Don Pedro Tello 
 con acuerdo del general hi^o retirar las tres fragatas el 
 puerto adentro, y las metieron en el tejar con gente de 
 guardia por asegurarlas y no temiendo que echasen gente en 
 tierra, viendo quan bien dispuestos estavan los ánimos de los 
 nuestros y todos los sitios y desembarcaderos atrincherados y 
 fuertes ; y el retirar las fragatas fue ya de noche quando el 
 enemigo no lo pudo ver, y ansi el otro dia por la mañana en- 
 tendió que todas las avia echado a fondo aquella noche, se 
 estubo sosegado sin ha9er ninguna demostra9Íon por nuestra 
 parte si bien estubimos a la mira. 
 
 Sábado 25 luego de mañana embio el enemigo siete o. ocho 
 lanchas a recono9er el puerto y toda la costa asta el boquerón. 
 
40 
 
 EELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 desbiandose de tierra porque nuestra artillería no los ofen- 
 diese y a las 10 de la mañana volvieron a recojerse a la 
 armada que estava junta en la parte dicha. 
 
 Este dia a las dos de la tarde asomo nuestra carabela que 
 avia ydo ocbo dias antes a descubrir el enemigo, y como por 
 los nuestros fue vista le tiraron ima pie^a del boquerón para 
 que se recojiese sin yr al puerto^ y de la armada le sigideron 
 algunas lanchas asta la playa de cangrejos donde baro y parte 
 de la cavalleria acudió a socorrer la gente, y Fran°. Gonzalez 
 que venia por piloto y capitán de la dba carabela le saco un 
 rumbo porque el enemigo no la llevase y ansi las lanchas se 
 alargaron y se bolvieron sin a9er pressa. 
 
 El dho sábado en la noche se hÍ90 a la hela toda la armada 
 sin ser vista y se fue a la mar, y viendo los nuestros a la 
 mañana que no parecia, se embio luego personas por tierra pro- 
 longando la costa del oeste, para que viesen si pare9Ía o avia 
 pasado por alli, como se entendia, y yba a Sancto Domingo. 
 
 Lunes volvió un aviso del Arracivo cator9e leguas deste 
 puerto, diciendo que la armada avia pasado por alli su camino 
 adelante. Este dia despacho el governador otro aviso a San 
 German, el qual bolvio dentro de seis dias con nueba de que 
 la armada estava en el butiro de la acucar la otra vanda de 
 San German, y que avia echado en tierra cinco compañías de 
 piqueros y mosqueteros que estavan a9Íendo carne, agua y 
 leña, y quatro lanchas los quales hÍ90 en quatro dias por traer 
 lo mas echo. 
 
 Aviendo el general visto estos avisos y pare9Íendole que 
 podría ser odio del enemigo, y que de alli podria ponerse al 
 monte en espera de las dhas fragatas, o querer que fuesen 
 ydas para volver sobre puerto rico por aUarle sin fuer9a para 
 apoderarse del y executar el designio que traya de fortificarse 
 en el, toco a cuerdo de lo que se aria, y se resolvió que no se 
 saliesen del puerto asta saver de cierto que el enemigo hubiese 
 pasado adelante de la punta de la Aguada, y que fuese el 
 Capitán Juan Flores de Rabanal con un pataje 70 v 80 leguas 
 
EÑ SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 41 
 
 la buelta del norte a descubrir^y que se embarcase la plata en 
 el entretanto^ el qual volvió a cabo de ocbo dias sin aver visto 
 nada. 
 
 A nueve de diciembre vino aviso de San Grerman que la 
 armada enemiga era yda la buelta del Sur. 
 
 A once del dbo llego asta 9Íudad Lope Sanchez contra- 
 maestre de la fragata Magdalena y quatro marineros deUa^ 
 que la nocbe del yncendio de las fragatas los prendieron en 
 el agua las lanchas del enemigo. A los quales ecbo en tierra 
 en el butrio de la azúcar con una carta de Fran" Draque 
 para el governador de aqui^ cuya copia es la que sigue ; 
 
 Carta de Fran'' Draque a Pedro Süarez Coronel^ 
 governador de Puerto rico ; 
 
 Entendiendo ser Vs* Cavallero principal y soldado escrivo 
 esta breve dando a entender como siempre en todas las oca- 
 siones que semean offre9Ído con la nation Españoladla e tratado 
 con mucha honor a y clemengia, dando libertad a sus personas 
 no apocos mas a muchos,, ansi que al tiempo que nuestra gente 
 puso fuego a las fragatas se salvaron ciertos Españoles en la 
 furia del fuego no hapiendo le agravio después de ven9Ídos 
 sin muy buena guerra. 
 
 Por ellos e savido como la capitana de Don Pedro Tello 
 prendió un navichuelo de nuestra armada adonde avia 25 
 YngleseSj o mas ha9Íendo con ellos buen tratamiento y guerra 
 limpia. Quedo en el propio ser que solia^ mas aviendo otra 
 cosa^ forzosamente base lo que jamas en mi cupo; mas como ay 
 en esa ciudad soldados y cavalleros no dudo del buen suceso 
 de nuestra gente, dándoles libertad por virtud de buena 
 guerra, lo qual espero y ansi are lo propio ; en todo quedo al 
 servicio de Vs^, salvo la causa que ay de por medio de la capi- 
 tana de la sacra Mag^ de la Reyna de Yngalaterra mis^: a 23 
 Nobiembre de 1595 estilo de Yngalaterra. 
 
 Fran° Draque. 
 
 Por relation que el dho contramaestre y demás marineros 
 
43 EELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 que oclio dias andubieron con el enemigo, se supo que salie- 
 ron de alli la buelta del sur o del susudueste, y que yban a 
 Sancto Domingo j de aUi a Panama, porque de9Ían que yban 
 adonde avia mucho oro y plata, y ansi se deja entender por 
 las muchas lanchas que llevaron pertrechos de guerra. Estos 
 certificaron la muerte de Juan Aquines y el sentimiento que 
 por el se hÍ90 y el mucho daño que los enemigos re9Ívieron, 
 tanto que pasándolos un dia de la capitana a otro galeón, 
 aUaron casi la gente del toda herida y maltratada, y que se 
 quejaban del daño que las piedras que les tiraron de las fra- 
 gatas les higo, y que fue tanto el mal que el otro dia de la 
 pelea Fran° Draque hico consejo sobre si segundaria, no hallo 
 ninguno que faese de su pareger, y mas por averies dhos estes 
 hombres que era mucha la fuerza que temamos mas de la 
 que a sido ; y que el Draque se quedo esbentado quando supo 
 la poca gente que se hallo en las fragatas la noche del friego, 
 y se tiraba de las barbas por no aver tomado la plata y la 
 tierra, no se dejando ver aquellos dos dias, quejándose de Juan 
 Aquines que no quiso que vineran tras las fragatas de la ysla 
 de Guadalupe luego que supo que le avian cojido el navio y 
 venian a puerto rico, dando a entender que no tubieramos 
 lugar de fortificarmos como se higo en los ocho dias que se 
 tardaron en aprestar sus lanchas y en hager agua. Todo lo a 
 ordenado Dios a quien se debe dar muchas gragias, pues me- 
 diante su labor de mas de aver alcanzado una victoria tel, con 
 tan poca gente como de nuestra parte hubo resistiendo la 
 frierga de una armada tan poderosa, defendiendo la tierra y 
 dos millones de plata, a su Magestad selea seguido notables 
 servicios y a ios particulares bien general. 
 
 Lo primero, que por lo que sea entendido el enemigo traya 
 fin de sustentar esta frierga y friera le fácil con poca costa, 
 porque los cosarios que andan en esto de todas naciones se- 
 acojieran a ella y ellos ayudara a defenderla, y fuera menester 
 armar muy de proposito para bolverse la a ganar, por ser el 
 servicio del puerto fuerte y de donde mas daño pueden hager 
 a yslotas y costas que todo lo tiene a sotavento. 
 
EN SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 43 
 
 Lo segundo, que a este enemigo, que asta oj nadie lea echo 
 resistencia en la mar, aqui se le rompió la caveca, pues como 
 esta dho, una de las dos que govemaban murió y 400 per- 
 sonas y hubo muchos heridos. 
 
 Lo 3, que se escaparon dos millones de plata j oro y 
 granas con que la Reyna podia armar y entretenerse por mas 
 ynquietar nos. 
 
 Lo 4j que con averse entretenido en estas yslas asta los 3 
 de Diciembre, dio tiempo a que sepuedan aver prevenido los 
 lugares sospechosos con los avisos que esta dho sedespacharon 
 a Sancto Domingo y a la avana, y destos los avian tenido en 
 Cartagena y nueba espana con que podemos esperar seguridad. 
 
 Lo ultimo, y no demenos consideración es el animo y re- 
 putación que los nuestros an cobrado, reconociendo el poco 
 valor de los enemigos, y por el contrario la opinion que ellos 
 an perdido, en que consiste mucha parte de los buenos o ma- 
 los subcesos, y pues desta se siguen tantos vienes, su Magestad 
 debe hacer merced a los que en el se aliaron para que los que 
 están a la mira se animen a servirle en semeyantes ocasiones. 
 
 Pasada esta como esta dho, y a\iendo el general tenido 
 aviso que el enemigo yba adelante, y que los vastimentos eran 
 pocos por averse gastado muchos en esta ocasión, y ser la 
 miseria desta ysla tal que no se podian proveer otros, y que 
 cómbenla abreviar la partida de sudespacho, y ordeno que 
 con suma presteca se recojiese el artillería de los puestos de 
 tierra y se embarcase la plata en los fragatas, y con ellas y 
 con un navio y un patache en que se embarco parte de la 
 gente y artillería de las dos fragatas perdidas y de la capitana 
 de tierra firme, partió de puerto ríco con buen tiempo a los 
 20 de Diciembre de 1595. 
 
44 
 
 RELACION DE LO SUCEDIDO 
 
 Insteuccion que dio Frano. Draque^ al capitán del navio 
 TVan^es^ uno de los de su armada que se le tomo en la ysla 
 de Guadalupe. 
 
 La instruc9Íon j orden que a de tener toda la armada que 
 sale del puerto de Plemua desde 29 de Agosto de 1595 años. 
 
 1. Primeramente es para servir a Dios y tener esta orden 
 dos ve^es aldia y sino fuese alguna ocasión no poder mas. 
 
 2. Lo segundo aveis de tener gran cuidado de tener com- 
 pañía y venir a hablar a vuestro Almirante dos veges aldia, y 
 quando no pudieredes mas de una vez, lo lia^ed cada dia y 
 tened gran cuidado de la orden que vos sera dada de guar- 
 darla y tener siempre estar en compania como el tiempo 
 ordenare. 
 
 3. Y si fuese algún navio o patache per tempestad de tiempo 
 o per otra ocasión que hubiese y se apartase de la com- 
 pañía anos de aliar primeramente en la ysla de Bayona de 
 Galicia y allí estara la armada aguardando asta que el tiempo 
 provea otra cosa y nos aliareis, y de alli sino nos allaredes, 
 yreis a Puerto Sancto y nos aguardareis alli tres dias, y sino 
 fuéremos alli, tomareis el camino para la ysla de Guadalupe, 
 una ysla pequeña de la vanda del nordeste 9erca de la Domi- 
 nica, en la qual estaremos tres dias y dejaremos alguna sinal 
 para que sepáis donde nosotros fuéremos el qual sera para 
 puerto rico ; allí estaremos diez dias. 
 
 4. Si en este camino tubieremos algún viento contrario 
 e tempestad de noche, aveis de amaynar todas los belas asta la 
 mañana, sino vieredes que una almiranta aga bela y ansí 
 aréis vosotros lo mismo. 
 
 5. Y sí el tiempo volviese de noche alguna contrariedad de 
 vento contrario, vuestra almiranta pondrá dos lanternas, una 
 de vajo de otra de statura de un hombre, para que os vais re- 
 giendo por ellas. 
 
 6. Y si todos nosotros amaynasemos de noche por alguna 
 ocasión de tempestad y fuese ne9esario hager vela esa noche. 
 
E7S' SAN JUAN DE PUERTO RICO. 
 
 45 
 
 aveis de en9ender antes que nosotros echemos vela mía sola 
 lanterna con lumbre en popa j otra en la gavia del trinquete. 
 
 7. No tendréis ninguna lumbre en ningún navio sino sola- 
 mente la lumbre que estubiese en la aguia, y este con gran 
 cuydado que no parecia, fuera de la Almiranta y por los oca- 
 siones que pueden venir del fuego, no aveis de traer ninguna 
 candela ni lumbre entorno del navio sino fuese con lanterna, 
 y ni mas ni menos aveis de tener gran cuidado con el fuego 
 de la cogina. 
 
 8. Ningún navio baral ni patache no vaya delante de la 
 Almirante de noche y particularmente en tiempo de fortuna 
 de tempestad ni se ponga de vajo de los navios grandes pa- 
 sando de una parte a otra. 
 
 9. Y si algún navio de la flota por desgracia perdiese algún 
 árbol mayor o verga o alguna bomba o otro aparejo alguno 
 de importan9Ía, tiraran una v dos piezas conforme a la ne- 
 cesitad que tubiese para que los otros navios le socorran con 
 brevedad, y que ningún navio se aparte della asta que se 
 socorra, conforme a la necesitad que se tubiese. 
 
 10. Y si algún navio de la flota perdiese su curso y topase 
 con otro algún navio, la señal sera que izaran y amaynaran la 
 vela de gavia tres veges y ansi ara la otra para que se conosca. 
 
 11. No aveis de consentir jugar en el navio naypos ni 
 dados por muchas ocasiones que suelen suceder de penden9Ías, 
 
 12. Aveis de tener grandissimo cuydado de conservar los 
 bastimentos, conforme a vuestra discregion asta que reviváis 
 otra orden de lo que aveis de hager. 
 
 13. Lo ultimo para que agais mejor compama, veréis una 
 lumbre en la popa Almiranta una o dos ve9es. 
 
 Fran». Draque. 
 
AN ACCOUNT OF WHAT TOOK PLACE AT SAN JUAN DE 
 PUERTO RICO, IN THE INDIES, WITH THE ENGLISH 
 FLEET UNDER THE COMMAND OF FRANCIS DRAKE 
 AND JOHN HAWKINS, on the 23kd NOVEMBER 1595. 
 
 ( The Trandation of the preceding document.) 
 
 Generax Sancho Pardo j Osorio having taken his departure 
 from the Havana for Spain on the lOth March of this year, 
 in command of the Capitana of the main-land fleet, under 
 convoy of the armed fleet of Don Francisco de Coloma, and 
 having, in the course of the gale which blew in the chops of 
 the Channel on the 15th of the same month, in latitude 
 23° 30', found himself without a main-mast, and with' tiller 
 broken, while the ship, leaking much, and separated from the 
 others, was no longer in a condition to prosecute the voyage, 
 for the purpose of saving the lives of the three hundred people 
 who were on board, as well as two millions of gold and silver 
 belonging to His Majesty and to private individuals ; with 
 the advice and consent of the supercargo, Martin Vomero de 
 Caamano, and of the pilots and other persons of most experi- 
 ence on board, made for Puerto Hico, where he arrived, by a 
 miracle, on the 9th April, and there he landed the bullion, 
 and deposited it in the fortress of the town. The aforesaid 
 general despatched immediately first and second advices to 
 His Majesty, making known his arrival, in order that in- 
 structions might be sent to him as to what he should do. 
 And it appears that Divine Providence (to whom many 
 thanks are due), for its secret ends, permitted the orders, 
 which might have come beforehand, to arrive just at the time 
 
ACCOTTNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS, ETC. 
 
 47 
 
 to save not only the bullion, but the island itself, and per- 
 haps all the Indies, as will be seen further on. 
 
 A fevr days after the aforesaid letters were despatched, 
 the governor of this island. Colonel Pedro Suares, received 
 those of His Majesty, whereby he was informed that a great 
 fleet was fitting out ia England for the purpose of seizing on 
 this island in the course of the winter, as it was thought that 
 at that season the inhabitants would be less upon their guard. 
 When the general and the aforesaid supercargo learned the 
 contents of these despatches, they joined in consultation 
 with the governor and Francisco Cid, captain of the infantry 
 of this garrison; and having taken into consideration and 
 discussed the precautionary measures which ought to be 
 adopted for the safety of the place and of His Majesty's 
 treasure, in order that, if the enemy should come, it might 
 be out of his power to make himself master of the whole, 
 they all agreed on reconnoiteriag the positions and accessible 
 points from which the enemy might approach, so as to throw 
 people ashore; and also that the general should give orders 
 for planting some of the guns of his ship in the positions 
 which he judged best, and for laying the vessel athwart the 
 channel of the port, so that she might be sunk on the arrival 
 of the enemy, and thus bar the entrance ; as this was the 
 quarter where there seemed most likeliliood of attack and 
 most risk, and where it was necessary to keep the people 
 well on the watch. These arrangements being made, the 
 general remained in expectation of His Majesty's order to 
 proceed on his voyage. 
 
 On the 13th November of this year, there arrived at this 
 port, Don Pedro Tello de Guzman, with the five frigates of 
 His Majesty, in order that General Sancho Pardo should 
 embark ia them His Majesty^s bullion, and so proceed to 
 Spain, the post of Admiral of his fleet being fiUed by the 
 aforesaid Pedro Tello, who, after having delivered his des- 
 patches, related to the aforesaid general, how, coming here in 
 
48 
 
 ACCOUNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 
 
 the course of his voyage,, they had fallen in with two English 
 ships at the island of Guadaloupe, which had parted company 
 from the English fleet ; and how his Admiral, Gonzalo Mén- 
 dez de Cango, had captured one of them and sunk her, after 
 taking the Englishmen out of her ; and that he, the aforesaid 
 Don Pedro, going in pursuit of the other vessel, discovered 
 nine sail of the enemy's fleet, and as soon as he descried 
 them he tacked about and continued his voyage : and that 
 the aforesaid English prisoners had stated that thereabouts, 
 on the southern side of the island of Guadaloupe, the Queen 
 of England^s fleet was lying at anchor and preparing launches; 
 that it consisted of five-and-twenty ships, six of them 
 Queen's galleons of eight hundred tons burden, and two 
 more of the same size belonging to private parties, the whole 
 being divided into two squadrons, having for generals, 
 Francis Drake and John Hawkins ; the former, with his 
 lieutenant in command on shore. Sir Thomas Baskerville, 
 directing the course to be taken, and the proceedings on 
 land ; and that the armament amounted to three thousand 
 infantry and ten thousand five hundred seamen well supplied 
 with guns ; and that they were coming direct to Puerto Rico, 
 as appeared also from the instructions which were taken 
 from the captain of the aforesaid English ship, in which he 
 was ordered, in case he should part company from the fleet 
 by any mischance, to proceed to Puerto Rico, where they 
 would wait for him ten days, and after that, would leave 
 orders for him where he was to go, without further revealiug 
 their intentions ; and that in consequence of all this, the 
 aforesaid Don Pedro came, fearing that the enemy might 
 have preceded him and already got possession of the island ; 
 and since they had not yet come, he held it for certain that 
 they would be down upon the port the next day ; and ac- 
 cordingly it lay with the general to order his departure as it 
 might seem expedient. 
 
 When the general, Sancho Pardo, heard the statement 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 49 
 
 made by the aforesaid Don Pedro Tello and his admiral, 
 Gonzalo Méndez ; and inasmuch as that news reached him 
 when he was confined to his bed hj an illness imder which he 
 had been suffering some days, he sent word to the Bishop 
 and to the Governor, requesting them to come to him to 
 meet the captains of the frigates, — Marco Antonio Becerra, 
 head of the company of fusileers ; and Pedro de Guia, of the 
 order of St. J ohn ; and Domingo de Ynsaurraga ; Francisco 
 Gomez, captain of this garrison; the supercargo, Martin 
 Vomero de Caamano, and Juan de la Vera, purser of the 
 frigates. These having all met together in his house, the 
 general laid before them and submitted for their consider- 
 ation the account which he had of the enemy, and the best 
 means that offered for the security of the island and the 
 bullion, supposing that the enemy's fleet was as great, and 
 to be expected as soon as was said ; and that the frigates 
 absolutely required to have their rigging repaired and to 
 take in wood and water, which, with embarking the bullion, 
 would cause a delay of eight days at the least; and consider- 
 ing that, whether they were so occupied or not, the enemy by 
 reason of the information which that other ship that was seen 
 could give him, that these frigates were coming for the trea- 
 sure, which was now known to be here, might hope to seize 
 it on the passage, or to make himself master of the country 
 and to fortify himself in it, with a view to the conquest of all 
 the Indies, whence would ensue to His Majesty great injury 
 and loss of reputation. 
 
 All were of one mind in thinking that the place ought to 
 be strengthened with the guns and crews of the ships, and that 
 the Capitana de Tierra Firme and another ship belonging to 
 Pedro Milanes, should be sunk in the channel of the port, to 
 shut the entrance, and that the bullion should not be moved 
 from the fort until it was seen what turn affairs would take, 
 as it appeai-ed to be safer there, and in a position also, 
 whence (if, for our sins, it should be so ordered) it might be 
 
 E 
 
50 
 
 ACCOIUÍT OP THE PROCEEDINGS 
 
 mofe easily tlirowii into the sea, so that the enemy should 
 not get it ; and having thus resolved, they proceeded to carry 
 into execution with great alacrity and zeal, night and dry, 
 every possible measure of defence. 
 
 General Sancho Pardo, as a person of great experience, 
 and who had seen and examined the position and approaches 
 of the place, assured Don Pedro Tello and the others who 
 came with him, that the loss of the place was out of the 
 question if our people were only willing to fight and do their 
 duty, and that it was only necessary to take good care of the 
 port, so as to prevent the enemy's fleet running into it at 
 once; and that, for that purpose, it were as well to sink the 
 two ships which had been agreed on, and on top of them, the 
 frigates with their bows towards the sea to bar the entrance, 
 and that with this precaution the place was quite safe and 
 also the treasure of His Majesty, who, herein, would be well 
 served, and in whose name he called on them to attend to 
 their several duties ; and accordingly Don Pedro Tello took 
 under his own charge the defence of the port. 
 
 The Bishop offered to say mass the next day, and to 
 preach a sermon to the people, as he did in fact, exhorting 
 them, in a Christian manner, to the service of God and of 
 their king; and he persevered in the performance of this 
 office night and day, visiting the posts where the people 
 were stationed, placing a priest at each of them, and ani- 
 mating his hearers with much zeal. 
 
 The same day, the governor and general despatched a 
 barque with advices to St. Domingo, that the inhabitants of 
 that island might set and keep themselves on the watch; so 
 that if the enemy were to go there, as was heard and was 
 written to the President, the information might be immedi- 
 ately forwarded to Cartagena and Sancta Maria. 
 
 All the people of the island were immediately mustered, 
 and some of those belonging to the frigates were landed, 
 being thought necessary for the defence of the posts. The 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 51 
 
 whole amounted to ten thousand three hundred souls, of 
 whom seven hundred were fighting men, besides the eight 
 hundred belonging to the frigates and the Capitana of the 
 mainland, and the rest of the garrison, and foreigners, in- 
 cluding, also, fifty on horseback with lance and buckler; the 
 whole of whom were distributed in the following manner: 
 In the curtain of the Morillo [battery]. Cap- 
 tain Pedro de Gida, of the order of St. 
 John, with a hundred and fifty soldiers . 150 
 In the curtain of the Cabrón, Alonso de 
 
 Vargas with a hundred soldiers . . 100 
 . At the bridge and Boquerón, Ensign Pedro 
 
 Vazquez with a hundred and fifty soldiers 150 
 In the fiigates, three hundred men under 
 
 the command of Don Pedro Tello . . 300 
 At the mouth of the river Bayamon, Cap- 
 tain Otega with fifty soldiers . . 50 
 
 750 
 
 The rest of the people occupied the Morro and the esplanade, 
 under the command of Captain Marco Antonio de Ve9erra 
 and the governor, who led the cavaby ; each of them to ad- 
 vance with his party to whatever point seemed to require his 
 presence, or to stand in need of succour. 
 
 ARTILLERY PLANTED. 
 
 On the Morro [rock battery], twenty-seven 
 
 very good brass guns .... 27 
 
 On the platform of the other Morro, five 
 
 pieces ....... 5 
 
 In St. Helena, four pieces . . . 4 
 In the curtain of the Friars, close to the 
 
 fortress, tliree pieces .... 3 
 
 In the curtain of St. Catharine, five pieces 5 
 In the Tejar [tüe field], nine pieces . . 9 
 At the mouth of the river, two pieces . 2 
 
 E 2 
 
52 
 
 ACCOü>'T OF THE PROCEEDINGS 
 
 On the bridge and in a sldp which was placed 
 
 there, six pieces . . . . , 6 
 
 On the Boquerón, four pieces ... 4 
 
 On the Cabrón curtain, two pieces . . 2 
 
 On the curtain of the Morillo, three pieces 3 
 
 70 
 
 Besides the frigates well armed, without which there were the 
 aforesaid seventy pieces of cannon planted with good gunners 
 at each post, and for chief commander of the forts of the 
 Morro and the Morillo de Sta. Helena, the Admiral, Gon9alo 
 Méndez de Can9o. 
 
 On the 15th of the same month intelligence arrived from 
 the governor of Canary, despatched to the governor of this 
 island, to make it known that the enemy^s fleet had passed 
 by the former place, and having landed some people for the 
 purpose of watering, they had been forced to retreat with the 
 loss of five-and-twenty men, and had gone off towards the 
 Indies; and the same messenger stated, that in passing by the 
 island of St. Martin, he had seen the armada, of five-and- 
 twenty sail, lying at anchor. 
 
 Immediately, on the same day, the general, Sancho Pardo, 
 sent the same despatch to the governor of the Havana, and 
 wrote to him to forward the information to New Spain to 
 General Pedro Melendez, who was on that coast with his 
 fleet. These precautionary steps having been taken, and 
 the people being all eager to combat the enemy, the general 
 held a council, at which were present, Don Pedro Tello; the 
 admiral, Gon9alo Méndez ; and the captains, Marco Antonio 
 Ve9erra, Pedro de Guia, and Domingo de Ynsaurraga, with 
 the supercargo Martin Vomero de Caamano; and having 
 taken into consideration whether it were expedient to em- 
 bark the bullion in two of the frigates, so that if the enemy 
 should place himself before the port, these being lighter, 
 might efí^ect their escape by night, the other three following 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 53 
 
 them in the rear, in order that, if any attempt were made 
 upon them, they might stay behind fighting while the two 
 continued their voyage; it was decided by the majority of 
 votes, that the bullion should not be removed from the place 
 where it was lying, because the removal of it would tend to 
 dispirit the people, who were fired with the thought of de- 
 fending it : seeing their expectations foiled, they would be 
 dispirited, and His IVIajesty would lose the place and his 
 reputation, which was to be valued much more highly than the 
 bullion : and what it behoved them to do, was to face the 
 enemy, trusting in God for the victory. When the general 
 saw how the majority inclined, he gave orders to Don Pedro 
 Telle to get the frigates ready with all convenient despatch, 
 that the bullion might be embarked whenever it was found 
 expedient to do so; the enemy, it was supposed, would afi'ord 
 indications of his intentions, if he had such, of watching for 
 it outside ; and he directed that a caravel should cruise on 
 the look out, about fifty leagues ofí* the land. This was 
 done accordingly, and the bullion remained as it was, which 
 was the prudent course. 
 
 Wednesday the 22nd of the same month (November), at 
 break of day, the enemy^s fleet was descried on the horizon, 
 with twenty-three sail and a pinnace. The six queen's 
 galleons of eight hundred tons, and two ships of the same 
 size, and the rest, vessels of three hundred tons and of one 
 hundred and fifty and less, and forty launches, came sailing 
 in close order. Immediately every one snatched up his arms 
 and ran to his post with great alacrity, and well disposed for 
 combat. There was but little wind, and so the fleet advanced 
 but slowly till it entered the breeze. The pinnace came first 
 and some boats with white signal-flags sounding the coast. 
 One of them having come in front of the Boquerón battery, 
 a gun was fired at it which made it stand ofl" to sea, and they 
 immediately hoisted other coloured flags and passed out; and 
 in the afternoon the whole fleet came and cast anchor in ñ'ont 
 
54 
 
 ACCOUNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 
 
 of the curtaiii of the Cabrón^ where no one had ever seen a 
 ship ride before, nor was it known that there was good an- 
 chorage till after the departure of the enemy, when the 
 general sent to have the place sounded, and from twenty to 
 thirty fathoms clear water were found there. From what 
 was learned, it appears to have been his intention to land a 
 force under the fire of his artillery, imagining that he should 
 find us unprepared, and seeing no reason to believe that 
 such a step would meet with resistance; wherein he was 
 mistaken. 
 
 The fleet having arrived in the place above-mentioned, our 
 people fired at it several pieces of artillery from the Morrillo 
 and the curtain of the Cabrón, so that some of the shot took 
 efí'ect on them, for it was known afterwards, that they killed 
 J ohn Hawkiiis, the general of one of the squadrons, and two 
 of the principal gentlemen who accompanied him, besides 
 other people ; and that they carried away the table at which 
 Francis Drake was eating, the ball striking a gentleman who 
 was with him, and who, it is known, will not escape. 
 
 The enemy perceiving how much loss he sustained from 
 the shore, sent the pinnace with a pilot, a native of the islands 
 and a mulatto by race, who is said to be practically well 
 acquainted with these coasts, with five boats to the port, to 
 reconnoitre it and to sound close to the mouth formed by the 
 islet, which is called Goat Island, which lies towards the 
 west; and when it was sounded, one of the boats returned 
 with information to the fleet, which immediately weighed 
 anchor, at five o'clock in the evening, without having fired a 
 cannon or even a musket during all the whole time that it 
 was there, and ran out to sea, where it stood off and on that 
 night till the following day. 
 
 Thursday following, at eight o'clock in the morning, the 
 whole fleet came and anchored on the windward side of the 
 small island where they had been sounding the day before, 
 close to the port ; and this was another new anchorage not 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 55 
 
 known hitherto, and having six fathoms over shoals, where a 
 vessel might be easily lost in any bad weather. There the 
 fleet anchored, the weather being favourable, and beyond the 
 reach of our artillery; and the same evening two boats were 
 sent to sound the shore by the river Bayamon as far as the 
 Carivelo stockade, and to examine these shoals in order to 
 see if it were possible to land a force in that quarter; and in 
 one of the boats, which was covered closely with an awning, 
 was Francis Drake, as was subsequently learned. 
 
 When Don Pedro Tello, who had charge of the port, saw 
 the pains the enemy was taking, and perceived that an attack 
 was about to be made that very night on the stockade of 
 the Carivelo, by forcing it with boats, so as to land a body of 
 men, he sent to the general to acquaint him with what was 
 going on, and to ask for a reinforcement to resist such an 
 attempt; and the general ordered that in the evening Cap- 
 tain Augustin de Candecho should proceed thither with 
 thirty soldiers, and that at night there should be fifty soldiers 
 under the command of the supercargo, Martin Vomero de 
 Caamano, with orders that if the enemy^s force should prove 
 superior, he should retreat with his men in boats to the 
 frigates, in which their forces were to be concentrated. 
 
 The same Thursday, 23rd, St. Clementes day, at ten o'clock 
 at night, when it was quite dark, the enemy commenced an 
 attack on the port with twenty-five boats, each carrying fifty 
 or sixty men well armed, with the view of burning the fri- 
 gates, as was afterwards seen, and they all entered close up 
 to the platform of the Rock [battery], ranging themselves 
 under the fire of the artillery ; and from what was learned 
 afterwards, it appears that Francis Drake came in one of 
 them to the mouth of the port to place the rest. Dark as it 
 was, the boats were seen, and instantly the guns from the 
 Rock and from the fort of Sta. Helena began to play as 
 briskly as possible. Most of the boats attacked the Capitana, 
 the Texeda frigate, setting fire to her at the bow, and throw- 
 
56 
 
 ACCOUNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 
 
 ing into her a quantity of fire-pots and shells, while ours 
 succeeded in extinguishing the flames before they had done 
 any damage, the fight beiag carried on \vith cannon, mus- 
 quetry, and stones. 
 
 At the same time they set fire to the Sta. Ysabel and 
 Magdalena Mgates, and to the Sancta Clara, which was 
 extiaguished; but the third time that the Magdalena frigate, 
 of which Domingo de Ynsaurraga was captain, took fire, it 
 was impossible to extinguish the flames, as the ship took fire 
 at the stem and burned furiously; and all that could be 
 done to maintain a footing on board, was done by the afore- 
 said captaia and the people with him, imtü the ship was just 
 burnt down and twelve men were killed by the enemy^s 
 musquetry, besides as many more burnt. And the aforesaid 
 captain made his escape by swimming through the midst of 
 the boats and reached the frigate Sancta Ysabel, which was 
 under the command of Captain Juan Flores de Rabanal in 
 place of Captain Pedro de Guia, who had charge of a post 
 on land, and there he lent his assistance íq every manner 
 possible. The battle lasted for an hour, the most obstinately 
 contested that was ever seen, and the whole port was illu- 
 mined by the burning frigate in a manner favourable for the 
 rest, who could thus see to point our artillery and that of the 
 forts, with which, and with the musquetry and the stones 
 thrown from the fiigate, they did such efí'ect, that the enemy, 
 after about an hour, during which the combat lasted, as I 
 have said, retreated with the loss of nine or ten boats and 
 more than four hundred men, besides many more wounded ; 
 while on our side, the only loss was that of the frigate and 
 forty men killed or burnt, besides a few wounded by the 
 musquetry. It was a fine sight to see how the frigates fought, 
 and how capitally they were backed by the artillery of the 
 forts, particularly that of Sta. Helena, which was in an ad- 
 vantageous position for playing on the boats. 
 
 Friday 24th. Considering that the enemy would assuredly 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 57 
 
 repeat his attack at niglit, and endeavour to land his forces, 
 the people on our side never ceased, from the dawn of day, 
 to prepare for resistance, planting cannon at some passes on 
 land, as was done, for example, in the whole of the Tejar, 
 where the governor commanded, with Captain Marco Anto- 
 nio and the people forming the company of guards. Captain 
 Guia, who previously kept guard in the Morrillo, now took 
 his station in the curtain of Sancta Catalina with fifty 
 arquebusseers ; in the curtain of the Friars, close to the for- 
 tress, were two other pieces with thirty soldiers, under the 
 command of the supercargo, Martin Yomero, and on every 
 side numerous trenches were dug and defences constructed, 
 every one working spade in hand, and not a single negro to 
 assist, for the people round about had sent off all their slaves 
 to the mountain, with their effects and women, as soon as the 
 enemy appeared. 
 
 However, about eight o'clock in the morning, as soon as 
 the land breeze sprang up, the enemy's fleet weighed and 
 stood to sea, endeavouring to get to windward of the port, and 
 continued on this course till evening ; and Don Pedro Tello 
 perceiving that the object was to run at once into the port, 
 went ashore to explain to the general his apprehension that 
 the enemy was about to bear down directly on the place : 
 that the two ships which had been already sunk did not com- 
 pletely close up the entrance to it, and that it was expedient 
 to sink two frigates in the part that still remained open, 
 inasmuch as the complete barring of the entrance and the 
 security of the port were quite as important as the two 
 frigates, for many reasons, and for the good of His Majesty's 
 service. 
 
 General Sancho Pardo immediately held a council with 
 the governor and other officers, and they decided that one 
 frigate should be sunk in the channel, in case that a ship 
 belonging to Pedro Sedeño, which was lying there laden 
 with merchandise, and another of less size, should prove 
 
58 
 
 ACCOTINT OF THE PEOCEEDINGS 
 
 insufficient j tliat these should be sunk immediately, just as 
 they were^ as there was not time to unload them^, and that 
 the frigate should be sunk whenever Don Pedro thought 
 proper. 
 
 At four o^clock in the afternoon the enemy came running 
 down with the breeze towards the port, and Don Pedro Tello, 
 believing that he was making directly for it, sank the two 
 vessels of Sedeño and Juan Diaz de Sancta Aña, and also the 
 Texeda fidgate, without beiag able, owing to the short time 
 allowed, to take out of them all the provisions and guns, 
 although a part was saved; and thus the entrance of the 
 channel was completely closed, and about vesper time the 
 enemy came to anchor between the Rock and Goat island, 
 where he had lain, at anchor the night before. 
 
 The circumstance that the fleet anchored, and nearer than 
 before to the port, tended to confirm the suspicion that the 
 enemy meant to attempt that very night to finish the burn- 
 ing of the frigates, and to land people. Don Pedro Tello, 
 therefore, with the consent of the governor, had the three 
 frigates brought back to the interior of the port, and they 
 were placed in the Tejar with a guard to secure them; but 
 he had no fears about the landing of a force, seeing the spirit 
 which animated our people, and that all the posts and land- 
 ing-places were well entrenched and strengthened. The re- 
 moval of the frigates took place at night, when the enemy 
 could see nothing, and consequently the next morning he 
 concluded that they had been all sunk. The night passed 
 off quietly, without any effort on our part to shew that we 
 were well on the watch. 
 
 Saturday the 25th, as soon as daylight appeared, the 
 enemy sent seven or eight boats to reconnoitre the port, and 
 all the shore as far as the Boquerón. These kept at a dis- 
 tance from land, beyond the reach of our guns ; and about 
 ten o^ clock they returned to the fleet, which remained at 
 anchor in the place above-mentioned. 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 59 
 
 The same day, about two o'clock in the afternoon, our 
 caravel, which had gone to look out for the enemy eight days 
 before, came in sight, and as soon as it was seen by our 
 people, they fired a gun from the Boquerón to warn it to 
 bear up without approaching the port ; and some boats from 
 the fleet followed it as far as the Playa de Cangrejos (crab 
 ground), where it ran ashore, and part of the cavalry hastened 
 forward to assist the crew ; and Francisco Gonzalez, who was 
 the pilot and captain of the caravel, scuttled her, to prevent 
 the enemy's carrying her off; and so the boats went away, 
 and returned to the fleet without making a prize. 
 
 The same Saturday, at night, the whole fleet made sail 
 without being seen, and stood out to sea; and when we 
 found in the morning that it had disappeared, people were 
 sent by land westwards along the coast to ascertain whether 
 it was seen or had passed that way, as was supposed, and 
 was going to St. Domingo. 
 
 On Monday news arrived from Arracibo, fourteen leagues 
 from this port, that the fleet had passed by on its course. 
 The same day the general despatched another messenger to 
 San German, who returned within six days with the infor- 
 mation that the enemy's fleet was lying in the Butiro de la 
 Azúcar on the other side of San German, and that they had 
 landed five companies of pikemen and musqueteers, who were 
 collecting supplies of meat, wood, and water, and made four 
 boats in as many days to carry their supplies. 
 
 The general having received this intelligence, and think- 
 ing it likely that there might be some artifice in the enemy^s 
 movements, who perhaps might be lying in wait hoping to 
 catch the two frigates, or intending to return upon Puerto Rico 
 when they should be gone and the place weakened, in order 
 that he might seize it, and execute his design of fortifying 
 himself in it, seriously deliberated as to what should be done, 
 and determined that the frigates should not quit the port till 
 it was known for certain that the enemy had passed Point de 
 
60 
 
 ACCOUNT OF THE PEOCEEDINGS 
 
 la Aguada ; and tliat Captain Juan Flores de Rabanal should 
 go seventy or eighty leagues to the north with a patache to 
 look ouij while the hullion was in the meantime embarking. 
 In eight days he returned^ without having seen anything. 
 
 The 9th of December intelligence was brought from San 
 German that the enemy^s fleet had gone away southwards. 
 
 On the 11th of the same month there arrived at this place 
 Lope Sanchez^ boatswain of the Magdalena frigate, and four 
 seamen of the same, who had been taken iu the water by the 
 enemy^s boats, the night the frigates were set on fire. These 
 men had been put on shore iu the Butiro de la Azúcar, with 
 a letter of Francis Drake to the governor here, of which the 
 following is a copy : — 
 
 Letter of Francis Drake to Colonel Pedeo Suarez, 
 Governor of Puerto Rico. 
 
 " Understanding that your lordship is a gentleman of rank 
 and a soldier, I write this letter to give you to understand 
 that whenever I have had an opportunity of dealing with the 
 Spanish nation, I have treated it with much honour and 
 clemency, liberating the individuals belonging to it, not a 
 few, but many in number. So, at the time when our people 
 set fire to the frigates, certain Spaniards were saved from the 
 fury of the flames, who, as conquered enemies, experienced 
 from us no ül-treatment, but the usage of honourable war. 
 
 " From them it has been learned that the capitana of Don 
 Pedro Tello took a small vessel of our fleet, having on board 
 twenty-five Englishmen, or more, treating them well, and as 
 might be expected in fair war. I myself still cherish my 
 former sentiments ; but having another afl*air, strong deeds 
 are done, which never entered my mind. But as there are 
 in this place soldiers and gentlemen, I have no doubt that 
 my people will fare well, and wQl obtain their hberty for the 
 sake of honourable war : this I hope, and shall do the like 
 myself. I remain at your lordship's service in all things. 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 61 
 
 bating the cause which is to be maintained as that of the 
 flag of her sacred Majesty the queen of England. 
 
 " FRA2ÍCIS Drake. 
 ''The 23d November 1595, English style.'' 
 
 From the information given by the aforesaid boatswain 
 and the other seamen, who had gone with the enemy for 
 eight days, it was ascertained that the latter had departed 
 thence towards the S. or S.S.W., and that they were going to 
 St. Domingo and thence to Panama, for they said that they 
 were going where there was a quantity of gold and silver ; 
 and the same thing might also be inferred from the number 
 of boats they took with them for an armament. 
 
 These men confirmed also the death of John Hawkins, and 
 testified as to the regret occasioned thereby, as well as to the 
 heavy loss which the enemy sustained. Thus, as a boat was pass- 
 ing one day from the flag- ship to one of the other galleons, it 
 was struck, and nearly every man in it was wounded. They 
 stated that the enemy complained much of the damage done 
 by the stones thrown from the frigates ; and that the loss was 
 so great, that when Francis Drake held a council the day after 
 the battle, to determine whether they should renew the attack, 
 there was not one who agreed with him in favour of that pro- 
 position, especially as these men had told them that our force 
 was much greater than it used to be ; and that Drake was 
 amazed when he learned how few people were on board of the 
 frigates the night of the fire, and plucked his beard [with vexa- 
 tion] for not having taken the ti^easure and the place, not let- 
 ting himself be seen those two days; complaining of John 
 Hawkins, who did not allow them to pursue the three frigates 
 from the island of Guadaloupe, as soon as it was known that 
 they had taken the vessel and were making for Puerto Rico ', 
 intimating that in that case we should not have had the oppor- 
 tunity of fortifying the place, as was done in the eight days 
 which they spent in the delay of preparing boats, and watering. 
 
62 
 
 ACCOUNT OF THE PEOCEEDINGS 
 
 All this has been so ordered by God^ to whom we owe 
 many thanks, since by His means, besides obtaining snch a 
 victory, with so small a force as that which on our side re- 
 sisted the efforts of so powerful an armament, in defence of 
 the place and two millions of treasure, important services 
 have resulted to his Majesty, and a general gain to private 
 indi\iduals. 
 
 In the first place, as far as can be learned, it was the 
 enemy's intention to maintain this force, which he might 
 easily do at small cost, for the pirates of all nations who fre- 
 quent these seas, would gather about him, and would aid 
 him in defending the position ; and it would then be neces- 
 saiy to fit out an expedition expressly to retake the place, 
 since the port has a decided advantage, and from thence 
 much injury may be easily done to the islands and coasts 
 which are to leeward. 
 
 In the second place, this enemy, who up to this time has 
 never met with any resistance at sea, has here had his head 
 broken ; since, as has been related, one of the two leaders 
 died, with four hundred of his followers, and a great many 
 were wounded. 
 
 Thirdly, we have thus saved two millions worth of gold, 
 silver, and cochineal, with which the queen might equip and 
 maintain a force to give us further trouble. 
 
 Fourthly, the delaying of the enemy in these islands till 
 the 3rd December, allowed time for warning those places for 
 the safety of which fears might be entertained, by means of 
 the despatches which were sent, as has been stated, to St. 
 Domingo and the Havana, whence others were forwarded to 
 Carthagena and New Spain, so that we may now hope that 
 all is safe. 
 
 The last, and not the least consideration, is, the spirit 
 which our people have shewn, and the renown which they 
 have won, proving the inferiority of the enemy ; and, on the 
 other hand, the hold on opinion which the latter have lost, 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 63 
 
 and in which consists to a great extent the secret of good or 
 ill-success. And since the beneficial results of this affair are 
 so many, his Majesty ought to return thanks to those who 
 took part in it, in order that the lookers-on may be encou- 
 raged to serve him on like occasions. 
 
 This affair having passed over as here related, and the 
 general having received information that the enemy was gone 
 on, and that provisions were scarce, a quantity of them 
 having been lost on this occasion, and the poverty of the 
 island being such that the deficiency could not be made good, 
 and that it was necessary for him to abridge his delay as 
 much as possible, gave orders to collect the guns with the 
 utmost despatch from the several posts on land, and to em- 
 bark the treasure in the frigates ; and with these, one ship, 
 and a patache, in which were embarked part of the crews and 
 artillery of the two lost frigates, he left Puerto Rico with 
 good weather on the 20th December 1595. 
 
 The Instructigns given by F. Drake to the captain of the 
 Francis, one of the vessels of his fleet, which was taken at 
 the island of Guadaloupe. 
 
 The Instruction and Order to be observed by the whole 
 fleet, which departs from the port of Plymouth on the 29th 
 August 1595. 
 
 1. In the flrst place, omit not divine worship, and let this 
 order be observed twice a-day, unless no opportunity offers. 
 
 2. Secondly, great care must be taken to keep company 
 and to come to speak with your admiral twice a-day ; and if 
 you cannot do it more than once, yet let it be done every 
 day ; and take great care to observe every order given you, 
 and to be always in company, as the weather shall allow. 
 
6é 
 
 ACCOUNT OF THE PEOCEEDINGS 
 
 3. And should it happen that any ship or small vessel, 
 through stress of weather or other cause that may be, parts 
 company, they must look for us first of all in the island of 
 Bayona, on the coast of Galicia, and the fleet will wait till it 
 is time to proceed and you shall have found us ; and thence, 
 if you should not find us, you shall go to Puerto Sancto, and 
 there you shall wait for us three days ; and should we not be 
 there, you shall make for the island of Guadaloupe (a small 
 island near Dominica towards the north-east), where we will 
 stay three days, and will leave some signal that you may 
 know what course we shall have taken, which shall be for 
 Puerto Rico ; there we will stay ten days. 
 
 4. If in the course of this voyage you meet with any foul 
 wind or bad weather, you must take in all sail at night till 
 morning, unless you see that one of your admirals carries 
 sail, in which case you shall do the same. 
 
 5. And if foul wind or bad weather should come on at 
 night, your admiral will hang out two lanterns, one above 
 the other, and the height of a man asunder, that you may 
 steer by them. 
 
 6. And if we should all shorten sail over night on account 
 of the weather, and it be necessary to make sail the same 
 night, you must show, before we make sail, a single lantern 
 with a light at the bow, and another at the fore-top. 
 
 7. You shall keep no light in any of the ships, but only 
 the light in the binocle, and this with the greatest care that 
 it be not seen, excepting the admíralas ship ; and to avoid the 
 danger of fire, you must not bear about any candle or light 
 in the ship, unless in a lantern ; and neither more nor less, 
 you must take the greatest care with the fire in the galley. 
 
 8. No vessel, square or cutter-rigged, should go a-head 
 of the admiral at night, particularly in rough weather ; or 
 get under the lee of large vessels, in tacking from side to 
 side. 
 
AT PUERTO RICO. 
 
 65 
 
 9. And if any vessel of the fleet sliould lose_, through mis- 
 chance^ a mainmast, or yard, or any of the water vessels, or 
 anything else of importance, they shall fire one or two shots, 
 according to the necessity of the case, that the other vessels 
 may aflPord them speedy assistance ; and take care that no 
 vessel quit that which is in distress till the required succour 
 be given. 
 
 10. Should any vessel of the fleet lose her course, and fall 
 in with another of the fleet, the signal shall be to hoist and 
 lower topsails three times ; and the other vessel shall do the 
 same for recognition. 
 
 11. You must not permit any gambling in the ship, with 
 cards or dice, by reason of the numerous quarrels usually 
 resulting from that practice. 
 
 12. You must take the greatest care to save the provisions, 
 following your own discretion in this matter till you receive 
 another order for your guidance. 
 
 13. Finally, in order that you may be better able to keep 
 company, you shall see a light at the admiral's stern once or 
 twice. 
 
 Francis Drake. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 BICBABDS, miSTEH, 
 
 100, ST. uabtik's lane. 
 
Bridgeport National 
 Bindery, Inc. 
 
 MAR. 2002