EuTAW Springs 
 
 99 
 
 onel Williams will g'ive your Instructions on that head 
 and whence I wish you to take post; as I feel myself 
 under many Oblig-ations to you for your Exertions, to 
 promote the Service and particularly for your g'allant 
 Conduct in the Action at Eutaws [is i] Shall Still con- 
 sider myself under additional Oblig-ations, if you'll Ex- 
 ert yourself in providing for & accomodateing, the poor 
 unfortinate wound'd. Thier Distress for want of Sup- 
 plies wound my Humanity, our Victory was Complete, 
 and nothing but the House Saved the whole Army from 
 falling into Our Hands. The Enemy however fled to 
 Charlestown, at Eutaws they [Stored] thier Liquors and 
 left upwards of a Thousand Stand of Arms, and many 
 other Military Stores. When our Prisoners are all Col- 
 lected of the well & wound'd they will Amount to be- 
 tween four & five Hundred, and I think Thier Kill'd 
 and wound'd will be between live and Six Hundred; per- 
 haps more their loss — Our Loss is Considerable as the 
 Action was long & Obstinate 
 
 With Esteem & regards, 
 I am D'r Sir your most Obed't Humble Serv't 
 
 to colonel Malmedy. 
 
AN AUTUMN LEAF. 
 
 Torn from th}- stem poor, withered leaf 
 Where goest thou? 
 
 'I nothing- know, the storm swept oak 
 Where once I clung- at last is broke. 
 Tossed on the breath of restless g'ale 
 From wood to plain, from mount to vale, 
 I g-o where blows th' inconstant wind 
 Nor sig-h, nor find my fate unkind. 
 I g-o where all thing's fair must come, 
 Where thou, in turn, must find a home. 
 There lies the rose when life is done 
 There fall the laurels one by one." 
 
 — From the French of At'nault. 
 
GENERAL INTEREST 
 
 THE TWO CALDWELL MONUMENTS ON THE CAMPUS 
 OF THE UNIVEFSSiTY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 DR. Joseph Caldwell came to Chapel Hill on October 
 31st, 1796, from a Tutorship at Princeton Univer- 
 sity, then and until recently, the "College of New Jer- 
 sey." He entered upon his duties as Professor of Math- 
 ematics after only one day's rest, and in a few months 
 the institution was placed under his charge as Presiding- 
 Professor. His health beginning to fail after two years, 
 the Trustees, in order to prevent his departure gave the 
 principalship to Rev. James S. Gillaspie, but after a 
 rather stormy administration he resigned the place and 
 Mr. Caldwell was induced to take charge a second time. 
 In 1804 the Trustees elected him to the Presidency and 
 he continued in this office until 1813. Being fond of the 
 study and teaching of Mathematics, and wishing to com- 
 plete his treatise on Geometry, he applied to the Trustees 
 to choose a new President, recommending Rev. Robert 
 Hett Chapman, D. D., of New York. His counsel was 
 heeded but, after four years unpleasant experience, main- 
 ly on account of the heated political feeling engendered 
 by the war with England, Dr. Chapman gave up his 
 post and early in January, 1817, Dr. Caldwell again 
 became President, very reluctantly, but as a matter of 
 duty to the University he loved so well. He had already 
 resisted the blandishments of a larger salary and the 
 chief place in a richer college of another state. 
 
 After a few years the University came into possession 
 
 
102 The University Magazine 
 
 of considerable funds from the sale of Tennessee lands, 
 and became more prosperous. Hig-h water mark was 
 reached in 1823, the number being- 173, which, consider- 
 ing- the sparse population and difficulty of travelling- in 
 those da\"s, was conclusive proof of the public confidence. 
 The Trustees, on this account, and in expectation of con- 
 tinued receipts from the sale of their lands, sent Dr. 
 Caldwell to Europe, at his ovvm sug-g-estion, for the pur- 
 chase of books and apparatus for instruction, and beg-an 
 the construction of a new chapel, the Old West Building- 
 and a third story to the Old East. The Faculty also 
 was enlarg-ed. 
 
 It was not long- before a financial crisis came and 
 blasted this prosperit}'. The number of students dimin- 
 ished, the sales of land ceased and the g-olden stream from 
 Tennessee dried up. The Trustees were no wiser than 
 other men. They shrunk from discarding- professors and 
 discontinuing- their building-, and soon they owed a debt 
 of forty thousand dollars. 
 
 Anxiety about this financial trouble was not the only 
 affliction of the g-ood President. He was attacked by a 
 g-rievous internal malady, which became a constant and 
 chronic torture. He journeyed to Philadelphia, whose 
 phj'sicians then stood at the head of their profession in 
 America, but they thoug-ht his disease be3'ond the reach 
 of surg-ery. Bravely and uncomplaining-ly he per- 
 formed his duties, never asking for aid. Even when the' 
 Trustees elected Professor, afterwards Judge, Walker 
 Anderson, to perform his duties, he insisted on taking 
 on himself half the work. He sunk to his rest on 
 the 27th of January, 1835. He was buried in the middle 
 of the lot now called the Village Cemetery, which had 
 
The Caldwell Monuments 103 
 
 been laid off on University land and enclosed by a stone 
 wall under his direction. His gfrave had been walled i n 
 b}' his own orders. 
 
 President Caldwell attained a very high place in the 
 public reg-ard. In 1804, simultaneously with his election 
 as President, the General Assembly appointed him a 
 Trustee of the University. He was the astronomical ex- 
 pert to run the western part of the boundary line between 
 the Carolinas. He had published admirable letters over 
 the pen name of Carlton, advocating a railroad from 
 our Western boundary to Beaufort. Pie had ably cham- 
 pioned popular education. The name of the county of 
 Caldwell given six years after his death shows the esti- 
 mation of the legislature, the representatives of the 
 people. The following resolutions of the Trustees, 
 whom he served, have the merit of truth without exag- 
 geration. 
 
 "Raleigh, 6th of February, 1835. 
 
 On motion of Governor Swain. 
 
 Whereas the Executive Committee with the deepest 
 emotions of sorrow have received intelligence of the 
 death of Rev'd. Joseph Caldwell, D. D., President of the 
 University, 
 
 Resolved unanimously, that by the eminent purity of 
 his life, his patriotism and zeal in the cause of learning, 
 and his long, faithful and distinguished public service 
 at the head of the University, Doctor Caldwell has ap- 
 proved himself one of the noblest benefactors of the 
 State and deserves the lasting gratitude and reverence of 
 his countrymen. 
 
 Professor Anderson was then requested to prepare a 
 memoir of the life and character of the deceased Presi- 
 
104 The University Magazine 
 
 dent, to be be delivered at the following- Commencement. 
 This was excellently done and was printed in pamphlet. 
 
 Judg-e Frederick Nash and Rev. Dr. Wm. McPhcctcrs 
 were appointed to erect an appropriate monument "in 
 the burial g-round near the University. " The authorities 
 afterwards concluded to place it in the Campus, and the 
 site chosen was thought to be sufficiently' remote from any 
 building- then standing or likely to be erected. Its in- 
 convenient proximity to the New AVest Building- shows 
 how mistaken as to the progress of the University were 
 the locators. 
 
 The body of Dr Caldwell has been exhumed twice. A 
 day or two after his death, at the instance of the Philan- 
 thropic Society, it was taken up by Mr. A¥aug-h of Ral- 
 eig-h in order to procure a plaster cast of his features. 
 The bust is now in Gerrard Hall and is a faithful repro- 
 duction. The g-rave was reopened on October 31st 1846 
 and the remains were reinterred by the side of his wife 
 at the base of the monument. 
 
 His wife died October 30th, 1846, while on a visit to 
 Chapel Hill. Her maiden name was Helen Hogg-, she 
 being a daughter of James Hogg-, a prominent merchant 
 of Hillsboro, who was one of the Commissioners that 
 chose the site for the University. Her first husband was 
 William Hooper, son of the Signer of the Declaration of 
 Independence of the same name. He died early leaving- 
 two sons, William and Thomas Clark, and when the 
 elder was prepared for the University, she moved to 
 Chapel Hill in order to have him with her. Dr. Cald- 
 well had married Susan Rowan, who, with her infant 
 daughter, died soon leaving him a widower and childless. 
 Before many years elapsed the fascinating young widow 
 
The Caldwell Monuments 105 
 
 l)ecame the President's wife, and well she adorned her 
 station by the g-raciousness of her manners the activity 
 of her benevolence and leadership in g-ood works. Her 
 elder son, Rev. Wm. Hooper, D. D., became one of the 
 ripest scholars, the most interesting- and informing 
 speakers and most learned divines in the South. After 
 the President's death she moved back to Hillsboro, where 
 were many relations, and was on a visit to Chapel Hill 
 when she died. The following notice, kindly copied 
 for me by Miss Alice C. Heartt from the Hillsboro Rec- 
 order, of which her father, Mr. Demnis Heath, was for 
 many years editor, is a truthful estimate. 
 
 "H11.LSBOR0 Recorder." 
 
 Thursday, November 5th, 1846. 
 
 "Died at Chapel Hill on Friday morning-, the 30th 
 ultimo, in the 78th 3'ear of her age, Mrs. Helen Caldwell, 
 relict of the Rev. Dr. Joseph Caldwell, late President of 
 the University of North Carolina. The deceased was a 
 woman of extraordinary endowments, blending- in her 
 character the hig-hest mental culture with all the Christ- 
 ian graces, in their liveliest exercise. She has left few 
 superiors; and those who enjoyed her acquaintance will 
 feel that, by her removal, a space has been left in society, 
 which will not soon be filled. But with what confidence 
 can her friends and relations commit her to the tomb. 
 She was a brig-ht and shining- lig-ht in the Church, and 
 it was impossible to be in her company without admiring 
 the Cristian cheerfulness which she at all times exhib- 
 ited. 
 
 "The funeral obsequies were performed at Chapel Hill 
 on Sunday last, the President and Faculty of the Uni- 
 versity acting- as pall-bearers on the occasion. The 
 
106 The University Magazine 
 
 sermon was delivered bv the Rev. Dr. !\Iitchell from 
 Phil. IV. 3, and lier remains were dei)Ositcd with those 
 of her late husband, at the base of the monument 
 erected to his memory 1:>\- the Trustees of the Univer- 
 sity." 
 
 Thirty years afterwards her child, Dr. William Hooper, 
 after laliorin^;- in many fields, was iivins>- in Chapel Plill, 
 where he had spent most of hisl)oyliood an<l much of his 
 manhood. He was attacked bv a fatal disease and as 
 he felt himself sinkiny towards the portals of death, 
 long-ed to be laid by tlie side of b.is mother. The Uni- 
 versity authorities readilv granted his request, and, 
 when on the l*)th of August, ls7(), the Centennial anni- 
 versary of the sig-ning- by his gfrandfather of the instru- 
 ment which declared the independence of the American 
 people, the g^ood man breathed his last, he was borne 
 from Gerrard Hall to the resting- place which he liad 
 chosen. 
 
 This monument is of sandstone from one of the quar- 
 ries near the University Building-s, possiblv that on the 
 land bequeathed to the institution b}- !\Irs. IMary I^liza- 
 beth Mason. The stone soon beg-an to crumble and 
 g-row ding-y. Moreover the plan was to insert on the 
 eastern face a marble slab with an appropriate inscription 
 in Latin. When this slab came from the v/orkman at 
 the North, the Latin was found to be so atrociously bad 
 as to be be3'ond amendment. The Professor of that lan- 
 g"uag-e, in disg-ust, seized a hamm.er and broke the offend- 
 ing- marble into frag-inents. It was never replaced. 
 
 At the Commencement of 1847 amid the g-eneral 
 enthusiasm aroused b}^ the visit of President Polk to the 
 scene of his graduation twenty-nine years before, it w^as 
 
THE OLD CALDWELL MONUMENT. 
 
108 The University Magazine 
 
 proposed to erect a new inonument of marble, more 
 worthy of the President, so much venerated b}- the ohler 
 Alumni. The motion was made by Jolin Y. Mason, of 
 the class of 18U), then Secretary of the Nav}-. Presi- 
 dent Polk headed the subscription and others of the emi- 
 nent Alumni present followed, it beini^ ajj-reed that no 
 one should contribute more than three dollars. It was 
 not until the Commencement of 1858 that the monument 
 was ready to be dedicated. It was prei)ared under the 
 supervision of a Committee, President Swain, Mr. Wm. 
 J. Bing-ham and Judge William H. Battle. 
 
 It is an obelisk of white marble over twent^y feet higdi, 
 standing- in front of the South Building-, not far from 
 the Davie Poplar. A tablet toward the top bears as 
 emblem of Dr. Caldwell's services to the State, a Rail 
 Road wheel, an Eng-ineer's Transit, and the Holy Bible. 
 The inscriptions are as follows: 
 
 On the North face; 
 
 "In g-rateful acknowledgment 
 
 Of their oblig-ation to 
 
 The First President of this Universit}-, 
 
 Joseph CakUvell, D. D. 
 
 The President of the United States, 
 
 The Governor of North Carolina, 
 
 And other Alumni 
 
 Have raised this mxOnument 
 
 A. D. 1847.'' 
 
 On the West face; 
 
 "Born at Laming-ton, New^ Jersej', 
 
 April 21st 1773. 
 
 Professor of Mathematics in this 
 
 University, 1796. 
 
 Died at Chapel Hill 
 
 January 27, 1835." 
 
The Caldwell Monuments 109 
 
 On the South face; 
 
 "He was an early 
 
 Conspicuous and devoted advocate 
 
 Of the cause of Common Schools and 
 
 Internal improvements in North Carolina." 
 
 On the East face; 
 
 "Near him repose the remains of 
 His beloved wife, 
 Helen Caldwell." 
 
 The monument is the work of Struthers and Company 
 of Philadelphia. It was transported by water to Vv^'il- 
 ming-ton, and then, by the liberality of the Wilming-ton 
 and Weldon and North Carolina Railroad Companies, 
 broug-ht without charg-e to Durham. Mr. Paul C. Cam- 
 eron with like g-enerosity caused it to be hauled with 
 his own team over the roug-h road to Chapel Hill, the 
 bridg-e over New Hope being- specially streng-thened to 
 bear the unusual weig-ht. 
 
 The dedicatory services were on the day preceding- 
 Commencement day, 1858. The Alumni marched from 
 Smith Hall, while the band played a funeral dirg-e, to 
 the site of the monument, and standing- around it with 
 uncovered heads, sang- tke g-rand Doxolog-y, "Praise God 
 from whom all blessing-s flow." Then Rev. Dr. James 
 Phillips, the only survivor of Dr. Caldwell's colleagues, 
 offered a prayer with that extraordinary propriety of 
 lang-uag-e and solemnity of utterance for which he was 
 distinguished. The procession was ag-ain formed and, 
 marching- to Gerrard Hall, the Alumni, students and 
 visitors, listened to an ex.:ellent address, commemorative 
 of the deceased President, b}' one of his pupils and 
 greatest admirers, President of the Alumni Association, 
 
no The University Magazine 
 
 the late Paul C. Cameron. I g-ive a few words of his 
 eiilog-}' delivered in 188'> at the Charter Centennial. 
 
 "These woods must ever call up the memory, form 
 and characteristics of Joseph Caldwell, and will, as long- 
 as these walls by which we are surrounded shall stand, 
 or this pleasant village is known as a seat of learning; 
 and so long as the name of the University is on the map; 
 it will be associated with that of the first President. 
 To leave it out would be as if the topog-rapher should 
 present us with Switzerland without its profile of mount- 
 ains, or old Eg'3'pt without its overflowing and fertiliz- 
 ing Nile, or our vast North American Continent without 
 the great Father of Waters, in his grand sweep from the 
 lakes of the North to the Gulf of Mexico. The good 
 man needs no euology at my hands, and no praise of 
 mine can add a cubit to his stature. His early struggles 
 in its behalf must stand alone in the building up of this 
 institution. He came like Paul to plant, and then like 
 Apollos to water with his tears, prayers, benedictions 
 and benefactions to the end of his days — a continuous 
 effort of thirty-one years.'' 
 
 "It is a pleasant memory to the surviving Alumni to 
 renri the stendv devotion of good President Caldwell to 
 this institution and his complete identification of him- 
 self with the citizens of the State in every interest. He 
 made himself a freeholder and a slave-holder, and today 
 the chief servant* of the institution is of his famih^ of 
 slaves. And so long as the great trunk line railroad 
 from Morehead Cit}- shall increase the wealth and com- 
 merce of the State the name of Caldwell will be remem- 
 bered as its first projector in the letters of 'Carlton.' " 
 
 Kemp P. Battle, '49. 
 
 * The late Wilson Caldwell.