ft V 7l WITH) (wirEi) ^(iajeVetef^K. Qemer/l ^o^1>^A^(D(/^e. :. M Confederate Veterans, The First General Reunion of Confederate Veterans and Citizens. Generally, Chattanooga, Tennessee, July 3rd, 4th and 5th, 1890. John B. Gordon, Governor of Georgia, who is the General Commanding the United Confederate Veterans, has called the first Convention of the same in Chattanooga on July 3rd, 1890 He has also extended a most cordial invitation to veterans of both armies, and to citizens of the Republic to participate in this grand reunion, and in the ceremonies of the 3rd, 4th and 5th. The selection of Chattanooga was not only a compliment to our people, but it was a proper recognition of the importance of this city. Here are the world-famed fields of Chickamauga, Mis- sionary Ridge and the poetic "Battle Above the Clouds." In such a city, and on the natal da\' of the Republic, only tender memories and patriotic emotions can prevail. Surely it will be a demonstration unequalled since the Declaration of Independence. Chattanooga, appreciating how much is expected of her, has undertaken a programme of entertainments that will make every hour of the three days an unalloyed delight. To fully publish these intentions the following volume is prepared. 601341 FIRST AXXUAL COXVEXTIOX GKNERAL ROBERT E. LEE. This greatest of all the great generals of the late civil war was the son of the celebrated Revolutionary officer, "Light-horse Harry" Lee. and was born January 19th, 1806, in Westmoreland county, Virginia. He was graduated from West Point in 1829, standing second in a class of 46, and was therefore commissioned as Second Lieutenant of Engineers He was possessed of remark- able talents in that department. When war against Mexico was declared Captain Lee was as- signed to duty under General Wool, as Chief Engineer, and Gen- eral Scott reported that to his engineering skill, and qualities as a soldier, was the army indebted for the speedy fall of Vera Cruz During that war he was thrice brevetted, the last for his gallantry at the storming of Chapultepec. He was then Brevi-t-Colonel. Colonel Lee inherited the great militar)- qualities of his bril- liant father. Like him he was a strict disciplinarian, as well as a thorough organizer, and his skill, zeal and vigilance secured him the respect and confidence of the commanding officers of the en- tire arm}'. In 1852 Colonel Lee was appointed Commandant at West Point, and remained there during three years He enlarged the Southern Pamphlet^ Bare Book Collection UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. course of studies, adding extended instruction in engineering, the construction of fortifications and of roads and bridges. He also added the study of constitutional and international law. He recommended the extension of the course to five years, which was adopted in 1S58. Three days after \'irginia withdrew from the Union, Lieu- tenant-Colonel Robert E. Lee resigned his commission in the United States Army, announcing that he conscientiously felt bound by the action of his State. He said in a private letter : •'With all my devotion to the Union, and the feeling of loyalty and duty of an American citizen, I have not been able to make up my mind to raise my hand against my relatives, my children, my home." Such was the character of the man whom Mr. Da\is placed at the head of the Confederate Armies when Johnston was wounded, and charged him with "the conduct of military oper- ations in the armies of the Confederacy," on May 31st, 1862. He had been commanding the armies at Richmond "under the direc- tion of the President" since March 13th, of that same year. The military genius illustrated in Lee's handling of the "Army of Northern Virginia" is not excelled by that de\-eloped in Marlborough, Bonaparte or Wellington. Lord W'olsel}', who visited him in 1862, wrote as follows: "Lee is stamped on my memory as a being apart, and superior to all others in his way." He was respected and honored by his corps commanders, and was almost worshiped by the rank and file, while by the country at large he was adored. He was respected b\- the enemj' from the private to the commander-in-chief, and to-day not a breath of bitterness is breathed against General Lee's memor}- from Labra- dor to the Rio de la Bravo. As the biographers of Lincoln beau- tifully say, "Lee's handsome presence and cordial manner en- deared him to his associates, and made friends of strangers at first sight." It need scarcely be said, then, that such a man could readily sink self in an inflexible devotion to duty, or that his mind was pure and his character upright. As a compliment to his purit)' of heart and exaltation of soul, the famous college at Lexington, \'a. , added his name to its desig- nation, and has since been known as the "Washington-Lee L^ni- versity. " How exquisitely appropriate is the combination — the names of the two greatest Americans joined in an institution of learning. Just be>-ond the rostrum of the chapel of the Washington-Lee University is the pure white marble Mausolem of the great soldier, visible to the students through the bronze grating that encloses the apartment. And from that reclining statue, sleeping peacefully with the military cloak thrown partially o\er the body, there comes to the youth of the South inspirations to patriotic conduct, promptings to every duty, and encouragement to faithfulness un- der all circumstances. Even in marble this wonderful man appears to be "a being apart, and superior to all others." One involun- tarily lifts his hat when he approaches that bronze grating. FIRST ANNUA!, CONVENTION OROANIZATION -OF THE UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS At the first convention of Confederate veterans, held in the city of New Orleans, June loth, i88g, for the purpose of organiz- ing a National Confederate Veterans Association, the following was adopted as THE CONSTITUTION. Aticler I. The objects and purposes of this organization will be strictly social, literary, historical and benevolent. It will en- deavor to unite in a general federation all associations of Confeder- ate Veterans, Soldiers and Sailors, now in existence or hereafter to be formed; to gather authentic data for an impartial history of the war between the States; to preserve relics or mementoes of the same; to cherish the ties of friendship that should exist among men who have shared common dangers, common sufferings and privations; to care for the disabled, and extend a helping hand to the needy; to protect the widows and the orphans, and to make and preserve a record of the services of every member, and as far as possible of those of our comrades who have preceded us in eternity Art. 2. The officers of the national or general headquarters will be as follows: A General, a Lieutenant-General, an Adju- tant-General, a Quartermaster-General, a Commissary-General, a Judge Advocate-General, a Surgeon-General, a Chaplain, and such Aids as the General commanding may appoint. Each State ha\ing five or more camps, bivouacs, or associa- tions, and every five or more camps, bivouacs or association in contiguous States, shall constitute a division, which will be officer- ed under a Major-General and a staff" similar to that of the Gen- eral The various associations shall be permitted to retain their name and organization, but they will be registered in numerical order according to the date of their formation or incorporation into the United Confederate Veterans, as Camps or Bivouacs No. of the Division of the State or States of UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. The associations, camps or bi\'ouacs may, at their option, adopt the foUovvintj nomenclature for the officers, viz: Comman- der; first, second and third (or more) Lieutenant Commanders, Adjutant, Quartermaster, Surgeon, Chaplain, and Officer of the Day, Assistant Surgeon, Treasurer, Sergeant- Major, Vidette, a color Sergeant and two color Guards; and define their duties. Art. 3. The representation of the various organizations at the annual conventions of delegates will be as follows: One dele- gate for every fifty member in good standing, and one additional for a fraction of twenty or more members; pro\ided, that the or- ganizations having not less than twenty members in good standing on their rolls shall be entitled to one delegate. The delegates will elect, to serve for one year, the General, Lieutenant-General and the Major-Generals, in their respective divisions. They will also select the time and the place of the next annual convention, at which general reunions may also be invited. By a two-thirds vote they may also change or alter such articles of the Constitution as they may see proper to amend. Art. 4. The delegates will adopt a general seal and badge for the United Confederate Veterans. The Adjutant-General will furnish, upon proper requisition of the camps, bivouacs or associa- tions, blank traveling cards, bearing the seal of the Association of United Confederate Veterans, for the use of comrades in good standing, the same to be countersigned by the officers authorized to do so. Art. 5. Certificates of membership in the Association of United Confederate Veterans will be issued to organizations apply- ing for admission by the General when their Constitution, By- Laws and roll of members has been examined and found to con- form with the requirement of this Constitution. A fee of $5 shall accompany such applications, which fee shall be placed in the gen- eral treasury of the Association. Each camp, bi\ouac or organiza- tion, to whom a certificate is issued, and belonging to this Gen- eral Association, shall annually on the da\' of , file with the Adjtuant-General a true and CORRECT ROLL OF ITS MEMBERS in good standing on that date, and shall, at the same time, pay into the general treasurj- the sum of twenty-five cents per capita for each member shown on such roll, and no camp, bivouac, associa- tion or organization, shall be permitted representation in a general convention of the United Confederate Veterans until the said camp, FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION bivouac, association or organization, shall have paid said annual tax and all other amounts due by such camp, bivouac, association or or- ganization Art. 6. The Generals and Major-Generals shall be empow- ered to appoint their respective staffs, and the first General elected under this Constitution is also empowered to appoint the first Lieu- tenant-General, who will exercise the functions of General in case of a temporary or permanent vacancy in that office. Art. 7. All papers and documents pertaining to General Headquarters shall be forwarded through the Di\ision Headquar- ters for \'erification and indorsement, where di\'ision organization has been formed. Art. 8. Ever)' camp, bivouac, or association, will be ex- pected to require of each applicant for membership satisfactory proof of honorable service and discharge in the Confederate Army or Navy. Art. 9, Every comrade in good standing will be privileged to attend the meets of any organization belonging to the United Confederate Veterans, and receive that fraternal consideration that they design to foster. Art. 10. It shall be the duty of the Division Commanders and their staffs to aid and urge the formation of new camps, bi- vouacs, and organizations wherever they can be advantageously formed within their jurisdiction. Art II. The first General elected under this Constitution is empowered to issue such orders for the good of the organization as circumstances may, in his judgement, suggest, co\ering cases not provided for in this Constitution. Art. 12. Beyond the requirments of this Constitution, the various organizations shall have full enjoyment of the right to gov- ern themselves Art. 13. Until the divisions can be formed, as pro\'ided for in this Constitution, the various organizations will report directly to General Headquarters Art. 14. The discussion of political or religious subjects, nor any political action shall be permitted within the organization of the United Confederate Veterans, and any camp, bivouac or associa- tion that will have acted in violation of this article shall be declared to ha\e forfeited its membership in this association. UNITED CONFKDF.RATE VETERANS. lOHN B. GORDON. General John H. Gordon was born in Upson county, Georgia, Feb. 6th, 1832. He was the eldest son of a Baptist minister, who was respected and honored b}' that denomination. He • was educated in F"ranklin College — now the Univer- sity of Georgia — at Athens, and studied Jaw as a pro- fession. When the civil war broke out _\oung Gordon raised a company, which bore the euphonious name of "Raccoon Roughs," the special designation being a 'coon skin cap with tail hanging down the back. His success as a soldier was phenomenal. At the close of the war he was a Lieutenant-General. The military career of General Cordon is full of thrilling in- cidents, none more famous than his onslaught, in May, icS64, when he captured the commands of Sejmour and Shaler. It was five days after that brilliant charge that the memorable scene illus- trated on the cover of this brochure occurred. The Federals had advanced with great fury, and had captured Johnston and twenty pieces of artillerj', with nearly three thousand men. General Lee had hurried to the front to lead the charge. Gordon seeing his peril cried out, "To the rear, General !" and the cry was taken up by the line. Gordon's conduct in the last act ot the terrible drama that dur- ing four \'ears had sacrificed so much blood and treasure, rendered his militar}' record immortal. In March, 1865, General Lee made his last offensive demonstration ; it failed. Gordon's Divisions fought with dauntless courage two miles south of Appomattox, and dro\'e the enem\- out of his breastworks, which they occu- pied. It is not necessary to this brief sketch to relate the conclud- ing scene of that famous struggle Suffice it to say that Gen- eral Gordon sent word to Lee that the enemy was dri\ing his line back. Just as his corps was forming to resist Sheridan's flank movement a flag of truce appeared, and the war practicall)' ended. General Gordon entered politics soon after the declaration of peace, and was a candidate for the gubernatorial chair of his native State in 1868. He was defeated b}' the "Sharp and Quick" practices of the friends of his opponent, Rufus B. Bullock. In January, 1873, he was elected United States Senator, and was re- FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION elected in 1879 ^" 1880 he resigned, and retired to private life. In 1886 General Gordon was elected Governor of Georgia, and was re-elected in 1889, which dignified position he still fills. The Association known as the United Confederate Vet- erans was organized in the cit)' of New Orleans on June loth, 1889, and General John B. Gordon was unanimously chosen their first General Commanding. • ® ^^)<^.- @' ADDRESS OF THE GENERAL COMMANDING. The following is Gen J no. B Gordon's address to the United Confederate Veterans on the occasion of his accepting the com- mand: Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 3, 1889. To the ex-Soldiers and Sailors of t/te Late Confederate States of America: The convention of delegates from the different states which as- sembled in New Orleans, June 10, 1889, effected a general organization designed as the ''United Confederate Veterans." It is designed as an association of all the bodies of ex-Confederate Veterans and Sailors throughout the Union. The convention adopted a constitution and did me the great honor to elect me General, which position I accept with peculiar gratification. Preliminary' to the issue of any orders I wish to call general attention to the OBJECTS OF THIS ASSOCIATION and to enlist in their accomplishment the active co-operation not only of every survivor of Southern armies, but also that large con- tingent of sons of veterans, who, too young to have received the baptism of fire, have nevertheless received with you the baptism of suffering and sacrifice. The first article of the constitution of the association declares: "The object ond purpose of this organization will be strictly social, literary, historical and benevolent. It will endeavor to unite in a general federation all associations of the Confederate veterans, sold- iers and sailors now in existence or hereafter to be formed; to gath- er authentic data for an impartial history of the war between the states; to preserve the relics or mementoes of the same; to cherish the ties of friendship that should exist among the men who have shared common dangers, common suffering and privations; to care for the disabled and extend a helping hand to the needy; to protect the widow and orphan and to make and preserve the record of the services of every member, and as far as possible, of those of our comrades who have preceded us in eternity." UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. The last article provides that neither discussion of political or religious subjects nor any political action shall be permitted in the organization and any association violating that provision shall forfeit its membership GOOD OBJECTS. Comrades, no argument is needed to secure for those objects your enthusiastic indorsement. They have burdened your thoughts for many years, you have cherished them in sorrow, poverty and humiliation. In the face of misconstruction you have held them in your hearts with the strength of religious convictions. No mis- judgements can defeat your peaceful purposes for the future. Your aspirations have been lifted by the mere force and urgency of sur- rounding conditions to a plane far above the paltry consideration of partizan triumphs, the honor of the American Republic, the just powers of the federal government, the equal rights of states, the in- tegrity of the constitutional union, the sanctions of law and the en- forcement of order have no class of defenders more true and de- voted than the ex-soldiers of the South and their worthy descend- ants. But you realize the great truth that a people without the memories of heroic suffering and sacrifices are A PEOPLE WITHOUT A HISTORY. To cherish such memories and recall such a past, whether crowned with success or consecrated in defeat, is to idealize princi- ple and strength of character, intensify love of country and convert defeat and disaster into pillars of support for future manhood and noble womanhood. Whether the Southern people under their changed conditions may ever hope to witness another civilization which shall equal that which began with their Washington and ended with their Lee, it is certainly true that devotion to their glorious past is not only the surest guarantee of future progress and the holiest bond of unity, but is also the strongest claim they can present to the confidence and respect of the other sections of the Union. NON-POLITICAL. In conclusion I beg to repeat, in substance at least, a few thoughts recently expressed by me to the state organization, which apply with equal force to this general brotherhood. It is political in no sense except so far as the word "political" is as a synon\'m of the word "patriotic." It is a brotherhood over which the genius of philantrophy and patriotism, of truth and of justice will preside; of philanthrophy, because it will succor the dis- abled, help the needy, strengthen the weak and cheer the disconso- 10 FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION late; of patriotism, because it will cherish the past glories of the dead Confederacv and transmute them into living inspirations for fu- ture service to the living republic; of truth, because it will seek to gather and preserve as witnesses for history the unimpeachable facts which shall doom falsehood to die that truth may live; of justice be- cause it will cultivate national as well as Southern fraternity and will condemn narrow mindedness and prejudice and passion, and culti- vate that broader, higher, nobler sentiment, which would write on the grave of every soldier who fell on either side: "Here lies a hero, a martyr to the right as his conscience conceived it." GENERAL ORGANIZATIOM. I rejoice that a general organization too long neglected has been at last perfected. It is a brotherhood wliich all honorable men must approve and which heaven itself will bless. I call upon you therefore to organize in every state and community where ex-Con- federates may reside and rally to the support of the high and peace- ful objects of the "United Confederate Veterans," and move for- ward until by the power of organization and persistent effort your beneficient and christian purposes are fully accomplished. J. B. Gordon, General Commanding. After the organization of the association at the New Orleans convention, and the adoption of the foregoing constitution, Gov. John B. Gordon, of Georgia, was elected General Commanding, and authorized to appoint his staff which was done under the following general order. ORGANIZATION OF GENERAL STAFF Jnited Confederate Vet Atlanta, Ga., March i, 1890. Headquarters United Confederate Veterans, \ General Order No. 2. — I The General Commanding announces that under the sixth article of the Constitution, adopted at New Orleans, La. , he has ap- pointed Fitzhugh Lee, of Virginia, Lieutenant-General of the United Confederate Veterans. 2. The General Commanding further announces the following staff officers to serve until the expiration of his term of service, viz: Adjutant-General and Chief of Staff, Clement A. Evans, Georgia. Assistant-Adjutant-General, Thos. H. Carter, Virginia. Quartermaster-General, Stephen D. Lee, Mississippi. First Assistant Quartermaster-General, W. S. Walker, Florida. Second Assistant Quartermaster-General, J. F. Shipp, Tennessee. Inspector General, Robert F. Hoke, North Carolina. UNITED CONFKDF.RATE VKIEKANS. First Assistant Inspector-General, Wright Shaumberg, Missouri. Second Assistant Inspector-General, Thos. G. Jones, Alabama. Judge Advocates-General, M. C. Butler, ,So. Carolina, and W. B. Bate, Tenn. Assistant Judge Advocate-General, W. C. P. Breckinridge, Kentucky. Commissary General, Joseph Wheeler, Alabama. First Assistant Commissary-General, W. H. Jackson, Tennessee. Second Assistant Commissary-General, J. L. McCoUum, Tennessee. Surgeon-General, Joseph Jones, M. D., Louisiana. Assistant Surgeon-General, J. S. ToiKI, M. D., Georgia. Chaplaiii, Rev. R. L. Dabney, Texas. AIDS TO THE GENERAL COMMANDING. Alfred Scales, N. C, J. H. Forney, Ala., Basil Duke, Ky., Chas. E. Hooker, Miss., W. H. Rogers, La., Wm. Elliot, S. C, P. M. B. Young, Ga., John C. Calhoun, N. Y.. James Eagle, Ark., John W. Daniel, Va., F. P. Fleming, Fla., J. B. Kershaw, S. C, E. M. Henry, Va., Lawrence S. Ross, Texas, R. Q. Mills, Texas, Chas. M. Hayes, Miss., John Milledge, Ga., William Bull, Mo. Joseph Hodgson, Ala., John Haskell, S. C. F. A. Moses, Tenn., E. D. Willett, La., Chas. Marshall, Md., W. A. Wright, Ga., W. W. Gordon, Ga., J. T. Leslie, Fla., J. Stoddard, Johnston, Ky., H. L. Buck, S. C, Holmes Conrad, Va., C. W. Frazier, Tenn., C. C. Jones, Jr., Ga., S. H. Buck, Ala., J. A. Chalaron, La., D. A. Given, La., A. D. Candler, Ga., B. T. Johnson, Md., W. Miller Owen, La., Price Williams, Jr., Ala., W. D. Kyle, Ala., Henry K. Douglas, Md., Jno. W. Morton, Tenn., Robert Vance, N. C, Henry G. Muldrow, Miss., John O. Waddell, Ga., Thos. F. Perkins, Tenn., Robert Ransom, N. C. Geo. Forrester. Chicago. F. S. Washington, La Len Jastrenski, La. C. W. Styles, Texas G. A. Whitehead, Ga. 3. \V. H. Harrison, of Atlanta, Ga., is appointed Secretary of these Headquarters and R. N. Hardeman, the treasurer of the State of Georgia, is designated as Treasurer of the Confederate Vet- erans, to serve until the ne.xt meeting of the association, when an election can be held. Other announcements of staff officers will be hereafter made in general order. 4. The General Commanding cordially and earnestly invites all associations, camps, bivouacs, and other organizations of Confed- erate survivors or veterans to unite with the "United Confederate Veterans" in accordance with the Constitution, a cop\- of which can be had on application to these headquarters. He feels assured that the advantages of this general association are so apparent that they require no argument, and that the fellowship of comrades, who have served and survix'ed together the perils of the Confederate struggle, is so desirable that its cordial maintenance will demand no urginCT. Clement A. Ev.^ns, J. B. Gordon, Adjutant-General. . General Commanding. FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION The following general order No. 3, was issued by the General Commanding, on February 20th, and distributed to the various or- ganizations by circular, and was also printed in the newspapers: CALL FOR THE FIRST CONVENTION. Headquarters United Confederate Veterans, \ Atlanta, Ga. , February 20, 189O. J General Order No. 3. — I. The General Commanding announces that the First An- nual Encampment of the United Confederate Veterans of the United States will be held at Chattanooga, Tennessee, on the 3rd, 4th and 5th days of next July. All Confederate organizations and Confederate Soldiers of all arms, grades and departments are cordial- ly invited to attend this First General Reunion of their comrades. II. Confederate Soldiers ever>'where are urged to form them- selves into local associations where this has not been already done; and all associations, bi\ouacs, camps, and other Confederate bodies are earnestly requested to unite in their respective States in a State organization without dela}', but until these State Divisions are thus formed the various local organizations should report directly to these general headquarters. III. Business of great importance will demand careful consid- eration during this First Annual Convention, — such as the appro- priate form of general organization; the best method of securing im- partial history; the benevolent care of disabled, destitute or aged veterans and the widows of our fallen brothers-inarms; the fulfill- ment especially of a sacred duty by devising efficient plans to erect a Monument to the memory of Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America, and other matters of general inter- est. IV. The following general programme will be observed, the details of which will be hereafter more fully published: 1. The Business Convention will assemble at 10:30 A. M., July 3rd. 2. The 4th of July will be devoted to a general review of the United Confederate Veterans, and such military bod- ies as will take part in the Celebration of the Anni- versary of the Declaration of Independence. Orations will be delivered and suitable ceremonies observed. Soldiers of the Union and Confederate Armies, and citizens of the Republic generally, are invited to par- ticipate in this celebration. lnuku confederate veterans. 3. The 5th of July will be occupied with visits to the great Battlefields around Chattanooga — Missionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain, and Chickamauga — and the lo- cating of Confederate positions taken during these several battles. V. Copies of the Constitution of the United Confederate Vet- erans may be had on application to General Clement A. Evans, Adjutant-General, Atlanta, Ga. , and full information as to the quarters assigned to various commands, and all other details of the July Encampment, may be obtained from Col. J. F. Shipp, As- sistant Quartermaster-General, Chattanooga, Tenn. VI. The General Commanding respectfully requests the Press, both Daily and Weekly, of the whole country, to aid the pa- triotic and benevolent objects of the United Confederate ^Veterans by publication of these General Orders, with editorial notices of the Organization itself VII. Officers of the General Staff are directed to assist Divi- sion Commanders in organizing their respective States; to give infor- mation through the Press concerning the general association, and generally to promote the complete federation of all Confederate sur- vivors in one organization under the Constitution of the United Confederate Veterans. By order of John B. Gordon, General Commanding. Clement A. Evans, Adjt- Gen I and Chief of Staff. PREPARATIONS FOR THE CONVENTION. After the promulgation of the official order of the General Commanding calling the convention to meet in Chattanooga, the fol- lowing action was taken by its citizens : N. B. Forrest Camp, No. 3, C. V., 1 Ch.\ttanooga, Feb. 21, 1890. ) At stated meeting of this Camp the following action was taken : Resolved, That a committee be appointed to formulate plans for the Reunion of the Confederate Veterans which takes place in this city July 3rd, 4th, and 5th, next. The following Veterans were appointed as this committee: Joseph F. Shipp, Tomlinson Fort, Laurence T. Dickinson, J. L. McCollum, Robert Hibbler, Geo. W. Drake, James L. Price and Hugh R. Banks. 14 FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION The committee, together with with a number of other citizens, met at Forrest Camp room and drew up the following petition to the Chamber of Commerce: To the Chamber of Commerce, City: Gentlemen — We, the undersigned citizens, verj' respectfully request that your honorable body at your regular meeting next Thursda)' night, the 23rd inst. , join with us in a petition to the Mayor of our city to call a public meeting at an early day for the purpose of taking into consideration the entertainment of the Confederate Vet- erans, who will meet in this city, July 3rd, 4th and 5th next. The Chamber of Commerce adopted the following resolution : Chamber OF Commerce, Feb. 23th, 1890. Resolved, That this chamber request Mayor Hart to call a pub- lic meeting of citizens, Tuesday night, March 4th, to prepare plans for receiving and entertaining the Confederate Veterans on July 3rd, 4th and 5 th next. THE .mayor's call. City Hall, Mayor's Office, Chattanooga, Ffb. 27, 1890 A mass convention of the citizens of Chattanooga is hereby called to meet in the rooms of the Chamber of Commerce Tuesday evening, March iith, at 7:30 o'clock. This meeting is called to appoint committees and make other necessary arrangements for the Confederate Reunion occurs July 3rd, 4th and 5th next. John A. Hart, Mayor. The convention of citizens was held as called by the Mayor when the following gentlemen were selected as the executive committee: Joseph F. Shipp. Webster J. Colburn. Laurence T. Dickinson. Joab L. McCollum. William O. Peebles. Garnett Andrews. Adolph S. Ochs. Tomlinson Fort, Daniel J. O'Connell. Isaac B. Merriam. Hiram S. Chamberlain. Charles F. MuUer. John A. Hart. Alonzo G. Sharp. UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. 15 HI STOR ICAL. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE EARLY DAYS OF THE CTTY-- MILITARY OPERATIONS-GATEWAY OF THE CENTRAL SOUTH. The selection of Chattanooga by Gen. Gordon as the place for the first meethig of the United Confederate Veterans and the first general Reunion of all ex-Confederate soldiers at this time, was fitting and eminently proper^ A quarter of a cen- tury ago the veterans called to meet here in July, laid down their arms after having participated during four years in one of tlie most sanguinary, and at the same time one of the most notable struggles of which history gives any record ; and now after the lapse of so long a time, they are to come together in a general Reunion on the battlefields about Chattanooga, made historic b\- the memorable battles of Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, and Missionary Ridge. Twenty-five years have wrought wonderful changes since the boom of the last cannon in that might}' struggle, and it will be the pleasure of the veterans to celebrate on this occasion the grand triumph of peace as well as to renew the memories of that period which tried their dauntless courage and pro\'ed their love of liberty and their devotion to their native land. CHATTANOOG.A. No words more appropriate or eloquenth' expressive of the thriving city could be written than those of Maj. G. C. Connor in the opening pages of his "Guide to Chattanooga." "On the southern bank of the Tennessee Ri\er in Hamilton County, Tennessee, at the mouth of a valley formed by Mission- ary Ridge on the east, and Lookout Mountain on the west, nestles the city of Chattanooga, famous as "Ross' Landing" when the Cherokees inhabited the surrounding mountains, and with its present name in the annals oi the late war between the States. "Rising 1,700 feet above the beautiful Tennessee River, that for miles laves the streets of the cit)-, world-famed Lookout Moun- tain lifts its hoary head, its 'point' of sheer and solid rock, standing out like a mighty sentinel to guard against the approach of evil influences to the pretty valleys on either side. Beyond FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION the river are Raccoon Mountain and Walden's Ridge, and through the chasm which separates these the Tennessee flows out reluctantly from the valley in which it has lingered to plunge through the mountains that separate us from Sequachee. On this side the river is the abrupt elevation known as Cameron Hill, be- decked with cottages, and around its base spreads out the giant city, with broad avenues that are reasonably well shaded, with its tall spires on houses dedicated to the worship of God, its busy thoroughfares, its outreaching arms of steel on which trains are ■darting hither and thither, its numerous factories whose smoke hangs over them like a veil, and its pretty houses perched upon the eminences that range around the business quarter. "Chattanooga is peculiarly located. It stands at the apex of an inverted triangle, whose diverging lines extend into the far northeast and northwest. The mountain walls ward off the colder blasts of winter, while they form a tunnel through which sweep from the opposite direction, the cooling breezes of summer. These mountains surrender their bosoms to early fruit raising — peaches, grapes and strawberries, and to early vegetables of every name. There is no city of the Union more attractively surround- ed by scenery, or more liberally provided with habitable moun- tain tops." The site of the city was formerly known as Ross' Landing, and after the removal of the Cherokee Indians, to whom this whole section belonged, which followed upon the treaty made by the government with them in 1835, the village became an impor- tant trading town, its location with reference to navigation of the Tennessee river and to the peculiar formation of the mountains here that afforded an outlet into North Georgia and Alabama, ren- dering it an enterport for a large territory. In 1837 a post-office was established and in 1838 the name was changed to "Chat- tanooga. " a traditional name, the meaning of which is lost in antiq- uity, and which was given by a tribe older than the Cherokees to the valley on the east side of Lookout Mountain. As early as 1828 steamboats ran between Chattanooga and Knoxville, and early in the settlement of the city, there was regular communication between Chattanooga and New Orleans, except a portage of forty miles around the muscle shoals on which a railroad had been built, and which was operated by horse cars between Tuscumbia and Decatur, Ala. This gave Chattanooga an opportunity of supplying a large territory with groceries and other necessities cheaper than could be furnished UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. 17 from any other point, and gave her a commanding and growing trade. The opening of the muscle shoals canal, built by the gov- ernment at a cost of several million dollars, and which impor- tant event will occur this )'car, will again open up this rich sec- tion to the trade of Chattanooga, and again afford the business men and manufacturers navigation to New Orleans. As early as 1850 the importance of Chattanooga as an iron center was recognized, and shortly afterward a foundry was erected and a furnace built on the river bank near the bluff east of Market street. These primiti\'e concerns were the starting point for the magnificent developement which subsequently followed and which now makes Chattanooga the most important manufacturing cen- ter in the South. The city has two hundred and fifty con- cerns employing steam in manufacture, and each day records the location of new plants, or the remodelling and enlarging of old ones. DURING THE WAR. When the great civil war broke out Chattanooga was little better than a straggling village. After the battle of Shiloh it be- came an important point to the Confederate forces, and here was located the hospital for the sick and wounded. Following upon the battle of Fort Donelson, the importance of this place as a strategic point was recognized. Here the hospital and depot for exchange were located, as well as the base of supplies. When Bragg returned to Middle Tennessee in the last weeks of June, 1863, Rosecrans made a vigorous movement on the Confed- erate right flank which compelled Bragg to fall rapidly back from Shelbyville upon Chattanooga, the natural gateway from Tennes- see to the Atlantic coast. Rosecrans halted at McMinnville and Winchester, and awaited Burnside's march against Knoxville. Bragg reached Chattanooga on July 7th, and Rosecrans reached Bridgeport, the railroad crossing of the Tennessee, on August 29th. In the autumn following were fought the blood)' battles of Wauhatchie, Lookout Mountain, Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge, the Confederates fighting with rare courage and bravery against desperate odds to maintain this Key to the South. The result of these battles was disastrous to the Southern arms not- withstanding the brilliant victory at Chickamauga, and then be- gan the si.xty days retreat to Atlanta. These noted battles will pass into history as the hardest fought and most important of the w-ar, and the valor and heroism displayed by the Confederate 18 FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION troops as well as the intrepid courage of the Federals will be read in the future generations in proof of the greatness and prowess of American soldierv. POINTS OF WAR INTEREST. The march of progress and the growth and developmtnt of Chattanooga, have happily well nigh obliterated all of the evi- dences of the great struggles. The earth works of Fort Wood, Fort Negley and Cameron Hill have been nearh- all buried, and as another has well said, the old war reservoir "has turned to dust." "Department headquarters established by Gen. Rosecransand continued by Gen. Thomas, is now at 316 Walnut street, and it was there Thomas welcomed Grant on October 23, 1863. There the battle of Missionary Ridge was planned by Grant, Thomas and Sherman. At 302 Walnut street was the office of the adjutant general, and at 326 Walnut was the headquarters of the chief of artillery, Gen. Brannan. Around the corner on First street from Walnut, at No. 1 10, was Sherman's headquarters. At 19 East Fourth street was the office of the provost marshal gener- al of the Army of the Cumberland. These buildings have been but slightly changed since the days of their military occupancy. "The removal of the heavy forest growth 'rom Cameron Hill, and from various parts of the city, changes the aspect from what was seen by the Confederates when they evacuated, and by the Army of Cumberland immediately after the disaster at Chicka- mauga, and only certain buildings remain as landmarks of forts and hospital?. Ex-Confederates will remember the residence as the headquarters of Gen. Bragg, and the large building and fine grounds on the corner of Pine and Sixth as the headquarters of Gen. D. H Hill. This was Gen. McPherson's headquarters in Federal da\-s." The old building at the southwest corner of F"ourth and Mar- ket streets, built in 1840, and used during the war by Confeder- ates and Federals as a prison and military offices, still stands. Its walls are seamed, battered and bolted, and its appearance that of a relic of antiquity. It is now used as a city hall, where are located the police department and the city offices. PKEStNT CHATTANOOGA. So great has been the improvement and so rapid the growth of Chattanooga since the war, that the visiting veterans who have not been here since they left in 1863 will find it difficult to recog- nize in the present beautiful city of 50,000 people, with its hand- UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. some Structures, beautiful churches, and wonderful progress, its hundreds of shops, factories and furnaces, the battle-stormed, straggling \'illage of tumble down shanties that remained at the closeof hostitities. Notwithstanding its favorable location for a great city, the town had a very slow growth up to i8So, and the result was ex- ceeding doubtful. But during the year 1880 numerous enter- prises were set on foot _that' promised much for the future city; men who had returned from the war to their homes impoverished and disheartened began to reap some of the benefits of their pluck and energy. The population, composed of young men full of life and vigor, received substantial additions from all over the country, and business began to receive a stimulus that cheered and en- couraged the sterling men who planted their faith in the place and stood b)- it in every vicissitude and in every trouble. In 1887 a great wave of prosperity swept over the city and the appreciation of the value of real estate, the influx of money sent here by shrewd investors who saw the coming tide of devel- opment destined for the section of which Chattanooga is the cen- ter, give all lines of business a bound forward that put the city's future greatness beyond all question of doubt. Now it is only a matter of a very short time until this city shall become the me- tropolis of the Central South. Nine trunk lines of railroad now enter the city from every point of the compass, and others are being projected that will make it the railroad center of the South. The city is noted for its handsome churches and its commodi- ous school buildmgs, and it can boast of having all the com- forts and conveniences of larger cities. By means of a steam dummy railroad that runs to e\er\' im- portant suburb, electric railroads and horse cars, every point of historic interest can be reached with ease and comfort and at small cost. Historic Lookout Mountain, now covered with hundreds of residences, and spacious hotels, can be easil\' and speedil}' reached either b}- the standard guage railroad, or by electric cars and the cable incline and narrow guage. Missionary' Ridge ma}' be reached by dunini}' and electric cars, and \"ou can ascend to the summit on electric cirs. The field of Chickamauga is reached by the Chattanooga, Rome & Columbus railroad, which will run special trains for the accommodation of \isitors during the Reunion. FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION CONFEDERATE CEMETERY. While the war was waging the Confederate Cemetery was established on the eastern side of the city burial ground. It is properly enclosed, has necessary drives, and near to its center stands the modest monument reared by the devoted women who composed the Confederate Memorial Association. There sleep thousands who wore the gre\', beneath the shade of weeping wil- lows, in narrow homes unmarked. Above them rises a monu- ment, with a shaft thirty feet in height placed upon the highest spot in the enclosure. It bears this simple inscription, "Our Confederate Dead." Mrs. G. C. Connor was president of the association of ladies who built it, and Mr. W. U. Van Dyke, now at rest, was their treasurer. United States troops, with Capt. Coch- ran at their head, entered the cemeter>' with reversed arms, the band of his regiment (Col. Wheaton's) preceding them playing the UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. 21 Dead March from Saul, and participated in tiic laj-ini; of tlie cor- ner stone, which was done by Hon. Jas. D. Richardson, then Grand Master of Freemasons, and now member of Congress. The refusal of Government to appropriate money to mark the resting places of her brave sons who wore the grey, deprives the dwellers in this beautiful City of the Dead of marble memori- als ! But though their ashes beneath that green sward sleep unmarked their heroic deeds are engraven in the hearts of those who survive them. Their names are recorded on the scrolls of that invisible Republic that will endure forever. THE N.^TIONAL CEMETERY. On the gentle slopes of the eminence out near Missionary Ridge, with the flag floating from its summit, is the exquisitely beautiful National Cemetery. It is the resting place of 13,000 soldiers of the Union armies, that died in these now peaceful valleys. This cemetery is nearl)- one mile in circumference, and con- tains 75)^ acres. In the center rises a knoll fully one hundred feet above the lower avenues. The sward is luxurious blue grass. It is thoroughly shaded, and ornamented with roses, shrubs and trailing vines On these verdant slopes are nineteen special inter- ment sections, each marked by a small granite obelisk, and lettered A to S ; and these are surrounded by the small white marble head and foot stones. These sections are of different forms, in the ar- rangement of the graves, some forming triangles, others oblongs, others squares, others parallelograms, and others circles, while section E forms a shield. After the manner of the National Cemeteries a rostrum is reared upon a brick foundation, situated on the dome of the emi- nence. This brick rostrum is 40 x 20 feet area, and 5 feet high, with handsome cut stone coping and an interior carpet of velvety grass. An open roof of purloins and joists is supported by 12 square pillars, and these are covered with the ivy, woodbine and climbing vines so plentifully planted around the base. Surround- ing this rostrum is a close shaven lawn, dotted with trees and shrubs, on which stand on end four immense cannons. 22 FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION THE BATTLE-FIELDS. Tlie three battles of the war between the States which have made this section famous are — in the order of their occurence — the Battle of Lookout Mountain, the Battle of Chickaniauga. and the Battle of Missionary Ridge. We will attempt brief outlines only. "^^^ lAMES LONGSTREET. General James Longstreet was born in Edgefield District, S. C, January 8th, 1821. When but ten years of age his mother removed to Alabama. From that State he was sent to West Point in 1838. He was grad- uated in 1842, and assigned to the Fourth Infantry as Second Lieutenant. He was promoted to First Lieutenant while serving on -Iwi^s?- fi-ontier duty in Texas, and in the Mexican War was twice brevetted, the latter to a Major for gallant conduct at Melino del Rey. He was severely wounded at Chapultepec. Captain James Longstreet resigned his commission in the United States Army June ist, 1861, and entered the Confederate service as a Brigadier-General. Because of his brilliant conduct at Manassas he was entrusted with the command of the rear guard on the retreat from Yorktown. He was then Major-General. Longstreet won imperishable laurels in the ' 'Seven Days Bat- tles" around Richmond — at Bull Run and at Fredericksburg. After Gett\sburg Longstreet was sent to reinforce Bragg. He took a prominent part in sanguinary Chickamauga. After Chick- amauga he was sent on the unfortunate expedition against Knox- ville. Returning to Lee he was wounded in the Battle of the Wilderness. Longstreet was at Appomattox. After the declaration of peace General Longstreet went to live in New Orleans, where he was appointed Surveyor of the Port by Grant ; then Postmaster, and afterwards Minister to Turkey by Hayes. He was appointed United States Marshal for the North- ern District of Georgia by Garfield. He now resides at Gaines- ville, Ga., in good healtli, considering that he is in his 70th year. BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. On the Sth of September, 1863, General Braxton Bragg, having discovered that the Federal army threatened his left and rear, evacuated Chattanooga. General UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS, 23 RoBCcrans undiTtook tlic pursuit of the Con federates, iiml when this movement began Brafrs attempted to throw his forces between the main Federal armv and the garrison of I'hattanooga. On the l^ith of September both armies stood >,'laring at each other on tlie banks of the CliickamaiiKa murky "River of Death." Bragg had received reinforcements from the Army of Virginia, inuler Longstreet. On tile 18tli tliere was considerable skirmisliing and mann'uvering for position and on tlie l!Hh the storm burst with pitiless fury. By 10 A. M. tlie engagement was general. Until late in the afternoon the contiiet raged, when suddenly an ominous lull fell upon the dead, the dying and the weary. Not a gun was heard for over an hour. Rosecrans was deceived into the belief that his foe had been sufficiently punished for one day, and at once began the execution of strategic movements. Scarcely had the hour ended when a furious charge of the Confederates threw the Federal lines into disorder, and had it not been for the twenty guns of Hazen. on the Rossville road, the day would have closed with an overH-helming and destructive victory for the Confederates. The galling enfilading fire of this artillery stojiped the Confederates a.s the sun went down beyond distant Lookout. When darkness enveloped the bloody scene, arrangement* were made for burving tlie dead and caring for the wounded by both sides. Bragg reformed his lines soon after nightfall, and placed them in direct command of Polk, on the right, with five divisions, and Longstreet, on the left, with six divisions. Bragg onlered Polk to strike at dawn on the following morning, but Polk diil not begin the execntino- of Bragg's order vnitil nearly 9 o'clock, a delay which cost him his command. When he began the assault the entire line was cjuickly involved. Back went the Con- federate right, but almost instantly ralUed. Charge after charge attested the heroism of the combatants. The onslaught tm the F"ederal left ceased when the irresistible charges of the Confederates broke their center. Then, it is said, Rosecrans telegraphed to Washington that his army was defeated. Thomas maintained his ground and withstood the charges of the Confederates, now flushed with victory. " Like a lion at bay he repulsed the terrible onslaughts of the enemy" on the knoll above the Snodgra.ss House, where he had ordered the artillery massed to make his last stand. Strong lines of infantry, commanded by Brannan and Steadman, skirted this elevated spot, which resisted the almost unparalleled assaults on their front and Hanks. As the sun began to go down behind tlie tall pines on that Sabbath afternoon, the storm burst anew around the Snodgrass knoll. Charge after charge was repelled with terrible slaughter to both sides. The dead lay in heaps along the green slo|)es, and the groans of the wounded rent the air as darkness enveloped the enraged combatants, and Thomas began his retreat to Rossville, leaving the field and most of his dead and wounded in possession of the Confederates. Vo]. Archer Anderson thus estimates the relative strength of the two armies : "From an examination of the original returns in the War Department, I reckon, in round numbers, the Federal infantry and artillery on the field at fifty-nine thousand, and the Confederate' infantry and artillery at fifty-five thousand. The Federal cavalry, about ten thousand strong, was outnumbered by the Confederates by a thousand men. Thus speak the returns. Perhaps a deduction of five thousand men from the reported strength of each army would more nearly re[iresent the actual strength of the combatants. It is, I think, certain that Rosecrans was stronger in infantry and artillery than Bragg by at least four thousand men." On the following day Thomas placed his lines around Chattanooga, while Bragg took possession of Missionary Ridge, Chattanooga Valley and the summit of Look- out. His hope was to starve the army now blockaded in Chattanooga. To accom- plish this he siezed the railway at the point of Lookout Mountain. The part played by Longstreet in this battle was worthy of his great fame in those days. The rapid transfer of his troops from Virginia to Georgia was kept a profound secret from the Federals. On the loth of September General Halleck telegraphed to General Rosecrans that Bragg had not been re-enforced from Vir- ginia. At that moment Bragg and Linigstreet may have been shaking hands. Indeed, Longstreet's arrival was as great a surprise to Rosecrans as was Xa]>oleon's descent upon Marengo to General Meals. He seemed to have dropped out of the heavens. Nor is the genius of Polk eclipsed by the controversy that aro.se between him- •elf and the Commanding General over the failure to attack at dawn of the "iOth. We therefore in.sert here the following sketch. t'IRST ANNUAL CONVENTION LEONIDAS POLK. The subject of this sketch was born at Raleigh, N. C. , on April loth, 1806. He was educated at the University of North Carolina, and was graduated from West Point in 1827. While a student at West Point he became possessed of a desire to stud\- for the min- istry of the gospel. He therefore held his position of Lieutenant during a few months only, when he under- took the study of divinity. In 1 830 he entered the ministry of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and in 1838 was chosen Bishop of that church in Arkansas, with authority over Alabama, Missis- sippi and Louisiana. In 1841 he resigned all but the diocese of Louisiana. In 1856 he initiated the movement which has resulted in the establishment of the "University of the South," at Sewanee, Tennes.see. Bishop Polk was a soldier by nature, hence the bustle of war drew away his attention from the peaceful pursuits of his profession. President Davis oftered him a commission as Major-General, and it was accepted. His first headquarters were at Memphis. General Polk was ordered to join Albert Sidney Johnston, and under him participated in the battle of Shiloh, commanding the First Corps. He displaxed the true military genius when he turned the defeat of the morning into a brilliant victorj- in the afternoon. Polk accompanied Bragg into Kentucky and fought the stub- born battle of Perry\ille. Polk's conduct at Chickamauga was severely condemned by Bragg. He was relieved from command immediately thereafter. Subsequently Bragg consented to Polk being re-instated, but the Bishop-General indignantly declined to serve under the commander of the Army of the Tenne.ssee. When Johnston relieved Bragg, Polk expressed his willingness to return to the army, and early in 1864 he joined Johnston with his "Army of the Mississippi." On the 13th of May 1864, Polk's Corps fought the battle of Resaca. The retreat after Resaca was darkened by the death of Lieuten- ant-General Polk. We will allow General Joseph E. Johnston to relate the storj' of that sad death : "In the morning of the 14th General Hardee and I rode the summit of Pine Mountain, to decide if the outpost there should be maintained. General Polk ac- companied us. After we had concluded our examination, and the abandonment of the hill had been decided on, a few shots were fired at us from a battery of Parrott guns a quarter of a mile in our front ; the third of these passed through General UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERAN' Polk's chest, killing him instantly. The event produced deep sorrow in the army, in every battle of which he had been distinguished." There was no braver .soldier, more loyal citizen, more earne.st man than Leonida.s Polk, Bishop and Licutenant-Gencral of the Confederate arm\-. BATTLE OF MISSIONARY RIDGE. We introduce the outlines of this sanguinar)- but unequal battle b}' a brief sketch of the Commander-in-Chief of the Con- fedarate forces. "^ BRAXTON BRAGG. The Commander of the Con- federate forces at Chickamauga, General Braxton Bragg, was born in Warren count\'. North Carolina, March 22nd, 1817. Was graduated from West Point, standing fifth in his class of fifty, in 1837, ^"ci died in Galveston, Teias, September 27th, 1876. No military officer was ever entrusted with more difficult duties than was General Bragg while in command of one of the great armies of the Con- federacy. In the Mexican war Lieutenant Bragg distinguished himself, and was promoted on the field to Lieutenant-Colonel for gallantry at the battle of Buena Vista. He resigned his commission in the United States Army in 1856, and retired to private life. When the Civil War broke out Braxton Bragg was appointed a Brigadier General, and ordered to Pensacola,, Fla. Soon after he was made Major-General, and reported to Albert Sidney Johnston. He added to his military reputation when the gallant Johnston fell at Shiloh. Succeeding to the command of the "Army of Mississippi," after the removal of Beauregard, he began in August 1862, to con- centrate his forces in Chattanooga, with a view to carry out the plan of invading Kentucky, devised by General E Kirby Smith. At Murfreesboro he fought the reinforced army of Rosecrans with a smaller army than he had at Perryville. From Murfreesboro General Bragg retreated to Chattanooga. On September 19th and 20th, 1863, he fought the sanguinary battle of Chickamauga. The Federals, under Rosecrans, were routed and fell back upon Chattanooga, leaving the Confederates in possession of the field. After the victory of Chickamauga the army under Bragg was again depleted, this time by the sending of Longstreet on a "wild goose chase" to attack Knoxville. Grant took advantage FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION of that grave mistake, and the battle of Missionary Ridge ended, practically, the military career of General Bragg. He was relieved of the command of the army by General Joseph E. Johnston. At the close of the war General Bragg retired to pri\^ite life. He was a man of most exalted courage, a commander who delighted to criticise his officers, and praise his pri\'ate soldiers. By his corps commanders he was never admired, but at times he was almost worshipped by the rank and file. On the 18th of Octoher, 1863, General Grant assumed command of the Depart- ment of Tennessee ami General Thomas remained in command of the Army of the Cumberland. The Confederates, under General Bragg, held Li>iikcput Mountain and the railway at its base, as well as the valley of Chattanooga and Missionary Kidge. The Federal base of supplies was at Bridgeport and 8te%'enson, and they were transported by wagons through Serjuachee Vallev. As the autumn advanced thiii road became almost imiia.ssable, and starvation threatened the garrison of the mountain city. By a strategic movement Lookout Valley was opened on October 28th, and on November 1st the "siege of Chattanooga by the forces of nature" wa« raised. The Confederates were still on the Federal front, on I>ookout and Mission- ary Ridge, and in the Chattanooga Valley. We learn from othcial reports that on the loth of November, 1863, General Grant had concentrated 80,000 troops in and around Chattanooga, and that .50,000 Confederates occupied Ijookout and Missionary Kidge, Longstreet having gone to Virginia via Knox\tille. On the 23rd, (Jrant undertook the raising of the seige on his front by ordering (Jeneral Thomas to make an armed reconnaissance to develop the Confederate lines, which was done in the early morning. By 1 P. M. Sherman had crossed the Tennessee at the northern extremity of Missionarj- Ridge, and at 4 o'clock he had a heavy engagement in an etl'ort to seize the second hill of the Ridge, the one through which passes the railway tunnel. lie was repulsed ; Granger had already captured "Orchard Knob," and soon darkness closed the combat. Early in the morning of the 24th the movements were continued. The mist hanging over the valley concealed from the Confederates the advancing column of the Federals. Gen. Walthal, with a small force, held the terrace of the mountain, ju.sf under the "Point," known as the Craven place, over which the Federals would have to pass to reach the valley of Chattanooga. The skirmishing on that lofty field is generally called the "Battle Above the Clouds." On the 25th began the battle of Missionary Ridge proper. .\t 4 p. M. the Fed- eral lines, which tilled the valley, moved rapidly forward up the slopes to the rifle- pits of the Confederates, where a galling and destructive fire of musketry was kept up. Over the rifle-pit,s. thinly occppied by the depleted ranks of the Confederateti, bnt gallantly defended, swept line after line of the Federals, and when the sun went down the Cbn federates had retreated and the Federals held the Kidge. The Confederates retreated in the direction of Ringgold, by way of Chicka- manga Station. At Ringold they tnrned under the brilliant Cleburn, and attacked the Federals. It was a severe combat, lasting the entire day. The Federals suffered severe Io.sses, many being experienced officers. Bragg continued on to Dalton, .and Grant sent relief to Burnside, who was closely invested at Knoxville by Longstreet. The Confederates were more .seriously afi'etted by the disaster of Missionary Ridge than had been the Federals by the defeat of Chickamauga. The depleted ranks of the Confederates could not be replenished, for there were few men left in the rear to draw from. The whole world was oiien to the recruiting persuasions of the United States Government. BATTLE OF LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. The skirmisli which newspaper correspondents poetically christened the "Battle Above the Clouds" was introductory to the desperate struggle on Missionary Ridge. On November 23, 186.3, Hooker's cor]is encamped in the valley of Lookout; a battery of ritled guns was planted on Moccasin Bend, and the main Federal army occupied the city of Chattanooga. The Confederates were in possession of Lookout Mountain and occupied the pallisades and the plateau beneath, as well as Chatta- nooga valley and Missionary Ridge. UNITED CONKEDERATE VETERANS. 27 Alioul 11 o'clock on the morning of llic 24tli the? battery on Mnecasin liond opened fnrionsly on the Confederates in tlie valley. Hooker advanced by skirmish- ing on ihe western side of the monntain, while a clouii slowly settled down upon the the Confederates, on the plateau above, entirely concealing them. Tlie advancing Federals were not discovered by tlie Confederate brigade at Craven's house until they were only a few yards distant For about half an hour General Walthal ke|it up a desultary lire, slowly falling back until fully one-h;ilf of his men were made pris- oners. Very few were killed ' 29th, this bill has passed the House with only eight votes against its adoption This bill declares that its put pose is the "preser\'ing, and suitabl}' marking for historical and professional military stud)'," this field. It describes the approaches to the field, and describes the land to be purchased, adding: "The lands and roads em- braced in the area bounded as herein described, together with the roads described in section I of this act, are hereby declared to be a national park, to be known as the Chickamauga and Chatta- nooga National Park." 28 FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION The Park so established is to be under the control of the Secretary of War. The present owners of holdings therein will be permitted to remain on certain conditions. The Secretary of War will substantial!}' mark all lines of battle within the bounda- ries of the Park. Rules are to be enacted for the permanent marking. To carry out the purposes of this act, one hundred and twen- ty-five thousand dollars are appropriated. The plan of marking the Confederate lines, with special reference to the coming Reunion, was inaugurated by Captain Joseph F. Shipp, Commander of Forrest Camp. His plan is being carefully carried out, and the data thus obtained will be of incalculable value to the permanent locating commission. CO.M.MITTEE ON LOCATING LINES. The committee on the locating of Confederate lines began its work early in May. By July 3rd most of these lines will have been established. But it is the earnest desire of the Committee that they receive the assistance of all veterans who may attend the Reunion in checking up the work already done, and in locat- ing such lines as may not be established by that time. Permanent record is made of all information received by this Committee. Veterans will oblige by calling on them. Forrest Camp, No. 3, Confederate Veterans. to raise Colonel militarv NATHAN BEDFORD FORREST. This distinguished cavalry officer was born of humble [arentage in Bedford county, Tennessee, on July 13th, 1821. He had no advantages of ed- ucation, and his youth was spent on farms in his native State and in Mississippi General Forrest ardently espoused the cause of the South, and at the first call to arms joined himself to the Tennessee Mounted Rifles. Governor Harris invited him a regiment, which he did, and was chosen its Lieutenant- At the seige of Fort Donnelson he demonstrated his qualities. UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. 29 Perhaps the most brilliant performances of that remarkabl)' brilliant officer were enacted upon the fanrous battle-field of Chickamauga, on September 19th and 20th, 1863. The memories of those sanguinary daj's prompted the Confederate V^eterans of Chattanooga to call their CAMP by his name. Some severe, and much of it unfair, criticism has been indulged by certain so-called historians of the attack upon Fort Pillow. There was no braver, and therefore no more chivalrous sol- dier of the late w-ar than Nathan Bedford Forrest. A knowledge of that fact is a sufficient refutation of all charges of barbaric conduct in that memorable assault. The following from an impar- tial pen is quoted because of its truthfulness ; When the idea of storming F"ort Pillow was conceived, in April, 1864, General Forest was placed in command of the attacking Confederate forces. After a heavy storming of the, fort by Forrest's forces, the signal for negotiations of surrender was shown by the fortification, and the firing ceased. While the negotiations, however, were in progress Forrest conceived the project of moving his forces to a point of attack which it would be impossible to attain in any other way. This he thought would be an advantage in case the negotiations for the surrender of the fort proved unsuccessful. W hen the move was discovered by Major Bradford, commander of the fort, he positively refused to surrender, although fully realizing that Forrest's position was a dangerous one to the fortifications. General Forrest afterwards explained that he had a right to move his forces wherever he chose, and gain whatever advantage he could, so long as the flag of the fort had not been hauled down as a token of surrender. Upon the commander's refusal to surrender, the assault of the Confederate forces was renewed, with the result of a signal victory, wherein General Forrest had taken no small part. The garrison consisted mainly of colored troops." General Forrest had no taste for politics, and only on one oc- casion was he induced to take any part in the e.xciting canvasses that succeeded the restoration of peace. That occasion was his appearance in the Democratic Convention of 1868, in New York. Forrest Camp, No. 3, Confederate \'eterans, Chattanooga, Tennessee, was organized September 15th, 1886, under a charter issued by R. E. Lee Camp, No. i, of Richmond, Va. This charter was granted in accordance with an Act of the General As- sembly of Virginia, appro\ed March i8th, 1884. Garnett Andrews was chosen the First Commander, and Laurence T. Dickinson was made Adjutant. These officers served until January- 1st, 1887, when Joseph F. Shipp was elected Com- mander, and Laurence T. Dickinson was re-elected Adjutant. These officers ha\-e been re-elected each year thereafter. The following are the 30 FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION OFFICERS FOR 1890: Commander, ----- Joseph F. Shipp 1st Lt. Commander, - - - Tomlinson Fort. 2nd Lt. Commander, - - W. P. McClatchy. 3rd Lt. Commander, - - - Milton Russell. Adjutant, - Laurence T. Dickinson. Surgeon. ------- Geo W. Drake, M. D. Quartermaster, - - - - Thos. L. Yakrington. Chaplain, ------- Rev. J. W. Bachman. Officer of the Day, - - - William W. Harkin.s. Assistant Surgeon, - - - H. O Milton, M. D. Treasurer, ------ Hugh R. Banks. Sergeant-Major, - - - - Thos. P. Wells. Vidette, ------- Richard L Rhodes. „ , _ , ( William G. F"linn. Color Guards, - - - - -^ ^^^^ ^ Warren. Color Sergeant, - - - - James L Price. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE: Garnett Andrews, Wm. C. Payne, Isaac C. Mansfield. HISTORICAL INCIDENTS. In April, 1887, Forrest Camp, aided by the ladies of the Me- morial Association, held a successful Bazaar in this city. It con- tinued during one week. Miss Winnie Davis was in the city at the time, and her presence added a peculiar charm to the social feature of the entertainment The proceeds netted g 1,800. The Camp has been helping, since its organization, many Confederate soldiers and their families, and this fund has greatly aided that labor of love. The Rev J. W. Bachman is Chairman of the Relief Committee, and has been Chairman for several years. In 1 888 the ladies of the Confederate Memorial Association turned over the care-taking of the Confederate Cemetery to For- rest Camp. These ladies were then declared honorary members un- der the following by-law, enacted for that purpose : "Every lady now living who has been a member of the Chattanooga Confed- erate Memorial Association, is hereby elected an Honorary Member of this Camp, and as such is a member of the Memorial Committee of the same." For months after its organization the Camp met monthly in Phoenix Hall. On the ist of November, 1885, they removed to room 15, in the Lee block, corner of Ninth and Carter streets. It was soon discovered that this room was too small, and in May, 1887, the present handsome quarters in Adams' block, corner Georgia Avenue and Eighth street, were secured. The hall is carpeted and well furnished, contains numerous war relics and has an extensive library. There are several maps and fine pictures on the walls. Nevertheless, the Camp is seriously considering the further beautif\'ing of its apartments. At the Reunion of the Society of the Arm}' of the Cumber- land, whicli was held in this city in the autumn of i88g, Forrest UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS. 31 Camp kept "open house," and took a conspicuous part in the en- tertainments of that occasion. The Barbecue, at Crawfish Springs, Ga., was their conception. The Chattanooga Committee was re- enforced by se\'eral Confederates, residents of Rome, Ga. At the general Confederate Reunion that is to be held in this city next July, Forrest Camp will be conspicuous in its efforts to make ever\- veteran feel that he is among his warmest friends. It will inaugurate, on that occasion, a movement to erect an equestrian statue of General Forrest, the greatest cavalry officer of the cen- tur)', with a festival on the evening of July 3d. FORREST MONUMENT ASSOCIATION. On Thursday evening, July 3rd, beginning promptly at 8 o'clock, in the great Tent, the Forrest Monument Association will give an entertainment of oratory, song, military tableaux, martial music, and recitations. The details are found in the programme. The ol)ject of this entertainment will be to raise funds to erect a monument to General N. B. Forrest. The admission will he one dollar. The following is the organization for this Festival : GEORGE C. CONNOR, Chairman. Laurence T. Dickinson, Scenic Artist. Mrs. C. A. MoROss, Musical Director. H. A. McQuADE, Chief Illuminations. H. C. Jackson, Stage Engineer. S. C. Dodge, Calcium Lights. Mrs. L. T. Dickinson, | Directors of J. L. McCoLLUM, Treasurer. Mrs. W. R. Wilson, j Tableaux. GENERAL COMMITTEE. Mrs. B. D. Lodor, Mrs. G. C. Connor. Mrs. John T. Reed. Mrs. William Heron. Mrs. A. W. Gaines. Mrs. L. T. Dickinson. Mrs. W. G. Oehmig. Mrs. M. H. Clift. Mrs. E. Watkins. Mrs. N. C. Jenkins. Mrr. C. B. Chapman. Mrs. W. R. Wilson. Mrs. J. P. Smartt. Mrs. P. A. Brawner. Mrs. W. T. Hope. Mrs. J. H. Warner. Mrs. T. P. Wells. Mrs. B. P. Key. Mrs. J C. Henderson. Mrs. Hoyle. Mrs. N. C. Jenkins. Mrs. Franklin Harris. Miss C. Crutchfield. Miss Payne. It is confidently believed by the ladies who are interested in this noble under- taking that every veteran who visits the city and participates in the great Reunion will give his influence to swell the attendance upon this entertainment. SPECIAL — Mrs. N. B. Forrest, surrounded by the survivors of the General's Staff, will be seated on the stage during the oration by Dr. Kelley. REUNION OF MEDICAL CORPS. urgeon General Joseph Jones, M. D., having called a meeting of the survivors of the Medical Corps of the Confederate Armies, in Chattanooga, for WEDNESDAY, July 2nd, 1890, The following local physicians have been selected by the Medical .Association as a Committee to make all the necessary arrangements for the same : .THE COMMITTEE. G. M. Drake. M. D., ^Tedical Director. P. D. Sims, Chief of Stafl'. Fred. M. Stapp, Secretary. E. B. Wise. E. M. Eaton. F M. Searson. J. H. Vandeman. J J. Durand. H. Berlin. G. M. Ellis S. C. Ellis. B. S. West G. A. Baxter. W. B. Wells. F. F. Smith. E. Y. Green. W. L. Gahagan. E. A. Colileigh, N. C. Steele. H. L. McReynolds. G. T. Magee. C. F. McGahan. H. A. Winters. T. A. Reeves. 32 FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION REUNION OF CHAPLAINS. Rev. J. W. Bachman, DD., cordially invites all Chaplains of the Confederate Armies to hold a Reunion in the parlor of the First Presbyterian Church, corner of Georgia avenue and Seventh street. The following clergymen are appointed a Committee to make all necessary arrangements : THE COMMITTEE. Rev. J. W Bachman, Chairman. Rev. J. P. McFerrin. Rev R. J. Willingham. Rev. G W. Dumbell. Rev. W. J. Trimble. Rev Father Walsh Rev A. B. Riker. Rev. J J M.iiiker. Rev. D M. McReynoIds. PROGRAMME. THURSDAY, JULY THIRD, 1890. 10:00 A. M. — RECEPTIOS OF DELEfi.iTES AXD VISITOK-'^. Address of Welcome by Hon. John A. Hart. Mayor. Response by (iovemor John B. Gordon, General Commanding. Delegates will form in procession on Broad street, the right resting on Ninth. It will be escorted by a Batallion of Infantry, headed by the Band of the 4th Infan- try, U. .S. A. The procest^iim will march to Market, down Market to Eighth, along Eighth to Broad, and down Broad to the Tent. 3:00 p. M.: — ASSEMBLING OF THE CXJNVEXTION. The Convention will be called to order in the Tent, and proceed to business. 8:00 P. J'.:— Fli-TIVAL CF FCEKEST MOMMFNT A^OCIATION. 1. — Oration by Rev. D. C. Kelley, I>D., Colonel in Forrest's Corps. 2. — Tableau — The Confederacy Restored to the Union. Music — "My Country 'tis of thee," by 100 young Ladies. 3. — Tableau — The Surrender at .\ppomattox. Recitation — The Conquered Banner, by G. C. C Music — ''Hail Columbia,'' Military Band. 4. — Tableau — The Alabama. Survivors of the crew on deck. Music — "A Life on the Ocean Wave.'' Sung by Mr. Armstrong, Va. 5 — Tableau — Wounding of Stonewall Jackson. "Let us cross over the river, and rest under the shade of the trees." Music — "Nearer my (iml to Thee. Sung by 100 young Ladies. 6. — The Forrest Monument Illuminated. Music — "Dixie," by the Military Band. Note: — Mrs. General Forrest will be seated upon the Stage, surrounded by the survivors of the Cieneral's Staff. Mrs. .Semmes, surrounded by surviving officers of the "Alabama," will also be on the stage. FRIDAY, JULY FOURTH. 9:30 A. M.; — fjRAND parade and celebr,ition. The Military and visiting Veterans will form and march as herein set forth: 1. — The Military Divi.sion — Will form on Cherry, its right resting on Ninth. 2. — The Fir^t Division of Veterans — Will form on East Ninth, its right resting on Georgia Avenue. 3. — The Second Division of Veterans — AVill form on North Georgia .ve- nue, its right resting on Ninth. 4. — The Third Divi. HEARD W K HURION C H HENSEL CONNELL ENNEDV WISCONSIN. W J COLBURN MASSACHUSETTS. C H PEABODY PENNSYLVANIA. J M DUNCAN C B FINLEY J R RYAN FJ BENNETT J BNICKLIN NEW YORK. DR W W FRENCH J F LOOM IS f S PEMBERTON E G RICHMOND C. W. BIESE, Gen. J C. H. COOLIDGE, C. D. MITCHELL, M. GRANT, C. F. MU ILLINOIS. H. F. TEMPLE, INDIANA. , r. WILDER, MAINE. D. J. CHANDLER, IOWA. H.T. OLMSTEAD, W.S.MARSHALL, MICHIGAN. LI.EU. H. .M. WILTSE, E. S. NIXON S. P. SKINNER. W. S. O'ROURKE. J. H. CLANCEY. H. B. HILLIS. H. W. GRANT. /r LEE AT THE BATTLE OF THE WILDERNESS. The Artist describes the moment, on May 12, 1864, when Johnston's Division had been surronnded and captured and General Lee had ridden to the front to lead the charge that was to save the city of Richmond. Lifting his hat Lee was about to give the command when General Gordon rushed to his side, exclaiming; " To the rear, General: the safety of the Army demands it! These are Virginians and they never failtl FOBWABDIIl" \ ^ As the command of the gallant Georgian rang ont the line sprang forward to the charge, and two Btalwa|^ ■ Z JtS^^^ seiaing the reins of old " Traveller " forced the Commander they adored to go to the rear. ^te*