C \Z. "ao ■. j"+- ;s .< °'.% / \ \ *^fAU Of • (0 J Voluntary Product tandard PS 64-75 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE/National Bureau of Standards SCHOOL PASTE American National Standards Institute American National Standard Z 297.2-1975 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Elliot L Richardson, Secretary James A. Baker, III, Under Secretary Dr. Betsy Ancker-Johnson, Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernst Ambler, Acting Director Voluntary Product Standard PS 64-75 SCHOOL PASTE Approved by the American National Standards Institute on November 21, 1975, as American National Standard Z297.2-1975 Abstract The purpose of this Voluntary Product Standard is to establish nationally recognized quality, safety, and packaging requirements for school paste and to provide a basis for common understanding among producers, distributors, and users of this product. Key words : Paste, water-based, semi-liquid ; school paste. Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Prod. Stand. 64-75, 6 pages (Apr. 1976) CODEN :XNPSAX For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.20/2 :64-75), Price 35 cents (Add 25 percent additional for other than U.S. mailing). Contents Page 1. Purpose 1 2. Scope 1 3. Requirements 1 3.1. General 1 3.2. Materials 1 3.3. Preservatives 1 3.4. Toxicity 1 3.5. Discoloration of paper 1 3.6. Adhesive strength 1 3.7. Consistency 1 3.8. Appearance and working qualities 1 3.9. Containers 1 3.10. Package quantities 2 4. Test Procedures 2 4.1. Preservatives 2 4.2. Discoloration of paper 2 4.3. Adhesive strength test 2 4.4. Presence of hard particles and grit 3 5. Effective Date and Identification 3 6. History of Project 3 7. Standing Committee 4 VOLUNTARY PRODUCT STANDARDS Voluntary Product Standards are developed under procedures published by the Department of Commerce in Part 10, Title 15, of the Code of Federal Regulations. The purpose of the standards is to establish nationally recognized requirements for products, and to provide all concerned interests with a basis for common understanding of the characteristics of the prod- ucts. The National Bureau of Standards administers the Voluntary Product Standards pro- gram as a supplement to the activities of the private sector standardizing organizations. Establishment of a VOLUNTARY PRODUCT STANDARD The role of the National Bureau of Standards in the establishment of a Voluntary Product Standard is to (1) act as an unbiased coordinator in the development of the standard, (2) pro- vide editorial assistance in the preparation of the standard, (3) supply such assistance and review as is required to assure the technical soundness of the standard, (4) seek satisfactory adjustment of valid points of disagreement, (5) determine the compliance with the criteria of the Department's procedures, (6) provide secretarial functions for each committee appointed under the Department's procedures, and (7) publish the standard as a public document. Producers, distributors, users, consumers, and other interested groups contribute to the estab- lishment of a Voluntary Product Standard by (1) initiating and participating in the devel- opment of the standard, (2) providing technical or other related counsel as appropriate relating to the standard, (3) promoting the use of and support for the standard, and (4) assisting in keeping the standard current with respect to advancing technology and market- ing practices. Use of a VOLUNTARY PRODUCT STANDARD The use of a Voluntary Product Standard is voluntary; the National Bureau of Standards has no regulatory power in the enforcement of the provisions of the standards. However, since the standards represent a consensus of all interested groups, their provisions are likely to become established as trade customs. In addition, when a standard is made a part of a legal document, such as a sales contract or code, compliance with the standard is enforceable. The benefits derived from Voluntary Product Standard* are in direct proportion to their gen- eral recognition and actual use. Producers and distributors whose products meet the require- ments on a Voluntary Product Standard may refer to the standard in advertising and on labels to promote greater public understanding of or confidence in their products. Purchasers may order products conforming to the requirements of the standards. For copies of the Voluntary Product Standards procedures or for more information concern- ing the development and use of these standards you may write to: Standards Development Services Section, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234. li Voluntary Product Standard PS 64-75 SCHOOL PASTE Effective October 22, 1975 (See section 5) (This Standard, which was initiated by The Crayon, Water Color and Craft Institute, Inc., was de- veloped under the Procedures for the Development of Voluntary Product Standards of the U.S. Department of Commerce.) 1. PURPOSE The purpose of this Voluntary Product Stand- ard is to establish nationally recognized quality, safety, and packaging requirements for school paste and to provide a basis for common under- standing among producers, distributors, and users of this product. 2. SCOPE This Voluntary Product Standard covers paste 1 which is intended for use in schools and is ready for use as recevied. The Standard inchides require- ments for the materials, preservatives, toxicity, discoloring, adhesive strength, consistency, ap- pearance, working qualities, containers, and pack- aged quantities of school paste and test proce- dures for preservatives, discoloration of paper, adhesive strength, and presence of hard particles. Methods of identifying products that conform to the requirements of this Standard are provided. Note: As an aid in correlating U.S. custom- ary units to metric units, conversion factors for the units used in this Standard are given below: 1 fluid ounce 1 teaspoon 1 gallon 1 inch 1 ounce 29.57, milliliters 5 milliliters 3.8 liters 2.54 centimeters 28.35 grams 3.4. Toxicity — No product covered by this Standard shall contain any materials in quan- tities that may be toxic or injurious to the human body even if the product is ingested in a large single dose up to 8 ounces or in multiple small doses (e.g., as in fingerlieking) the equivalent of 1/2 teaspoon daily up to 6 months. Advice concern- ing the appropriateness of specific materials may be obtained from the Bureau of Biomedical Sci- ence, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, IXC. 20207. 3.5. Discoloration of paper — There shall be no discoloration of the paper when the paste is tested in accordance with 4.2. 3.6. Adhesive strength — The average fiber tear time shall be at 16 minutes or less when tested in accordance with 4.3. 3.7. Consistency — The paste shall be of a smooth, creamy consistency throughout, and be entirely free from hard particles or grit when tested in accordance with 4.4. 3.8. Appearance and working qualities — The paste shall be light in color and shall spread easily and smoothly when applied without the addition of any other fluid. It shall be readily miscible in water. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1. General — Products represented as comply- ing with this Voluntary Product Standard shall meet all of the requirements specified herein. 3.2. Materials — The paste shall be made from materials other than inert filler material, uni- formly mixed in a suitable Avater-based, semi- liquid vehicle, and shall be ready for immediate use. 3.3. Preservatives — There shall be no evidence of decomposition or mold growth when the paste is tested in accordance with 4.1. 3.9. Containers — The paste shall be packaged in a container made of nonabsorbent material such as glass, metal, plastic, or combinations thereof. Each container shall be provided with a closure of such design as to permit tight closing of the container. Closures shall be of plastic or of metal. All metals used in the container, closure, or accessories shall be suitably coated to prevent corrosion ; there shall be no evidence of failure of the coating and the metal shall show no corrosion when tested in accordance with paragraph 4.6.5, of Federal Specification MMM-A-I77a (Septem- ber 1961) Adhesive Paste, Office and Photo- mounting. 2 1 Paste is defined as an adhesive composition having a soft, smooth plastic consistency similar to a uniform mixture of starch and water which has been heated and cooled. 2 Copies of this Federal Specification may be obtained from Specification Sales, Building 197, Washington Navy Yard, Gen- eral Services Administration, Washington, D.C. 20407. 3.10. Package quantities — The container shall have a net content of 5 fluid ounces (fl oz), 8 fl oz, 16 fl oz, 32 fl oz (1 quart), or 128 fl oz (1 gallon). School paste packaged in any quantity less than 5 fl oz may be labeled as conforming to this Standard if it meets all other requirements. 4. TEST PROCEDURES 4.1. Preservatives — The paste shall be tested for decomposition and mold growth in accord- ance with paragraph 4.6.1 of Federal Specifica- tion MMM-A-177a. 4.2. Discoloration of paper— The effect of the paste on paper shall be determined in accordance with paragraph 4.6.3 of Federal Specification MMM-A-l77a. 4.3. Adhesive strength test — The adhesive strength test shall be performed using standard size (approximately 9 in X 12 in) 80-pound gray construction paper in the following manner: a. Cut two 1-inch strips approximately 12 inches long from the edge of the test paper. (See fig. 1.) These will be the test strips. b. Draw a line across the paper 2 inches from the top and then mark 1-inch indicators on each margin of paper. Number consecu- tively by twos down the left-hand margin, and then down the right-hand margin. These numbers will indicate elapsed time in min- utes. (See fig. 1.) c. With an 8-inch spatula, work the paste until the gel is broken and a smooth body is ob- tained that can be drawn evenly down the length of the paper. d. Place the smooth paste in the middle of the paper and slightly above the line drawn across the paper. Draw the paste down evenly over the entire length of the paper in a 0.003 inch wet film with a Bird film applicator or similar doctor blade which produces a film of the same thickness. The film should be at least 2-inches wide. e. Place the two 1-inch strips adjacent to each other on the paste with the felt 3 side of the strips facing the felt side of the test paper 18 2 20 4 22 6 24 8 26 K) 28 12 30 14 32 16 34 18 36 Figure 1. 2 or, according to the test, wire 3 side to wire side. Care should be taken in positioning the strips to insure that there is no overlap and that the combined width of the strips is not greater than 2% inches. f. A 1-inch pull tab, impasted, will lie above the 2-inch line. This will allow a total elapsed time of 36 minutes, if necessary. g. A 700-725 gram roller, 1.5 inches in diam- eter and at least 2.125 inches wide is used to press the two strips down simultaneously. A roller of yellow brass (density 8.4g/em 3 ) having a 1.5 inch diameter and 2.9 ± 0.1 inch wide is an example of a roller that meets the requirements for this test. One cycle up and down both strips is used with care being taken not to add any additional pressure by pushing down on the roller. Do not press the pull tabs into the paste. At 2 minute intervals, the strip is slowly pulled down over itself one inch. Fiber tear time is determined as the point in time at which there is continuous separation in the fibers of the paper, not in the adhesive. h. Run at least three tests on the felt side to felt side and average the resulting fiber tear times. Run at least three tests on the wire side to wire side and average the resulting fiber tear times. The average fiber tear time is considered the numerical average of the wire side to wire side fiber tear time average and the felt side to felt side fiber tear time average providing the same number of tests, three or more, were conducted in each case. 4.4. Presence of hard particles and grit — The paste shall be tested for the presence of hard particles or grit in accordance with paragraph 4.6.2 of Federal Specification MMM-A-l77a. 5. EFFECTIVE DATE AND IDENTIFICATION The effective date of this Standard is October 22, 1975. As of the effective date, reference to PS 64—75 may be made in contracts, codes, adver- tising, invoices, product labels, and the like, but no product may be advertised or represented in any manner which would imply or tend to imply 3 The felt side and the wire side of the construction paper can be determined by the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry's T4550S68, Identification of Wire Side of Paper in the following manner : Fold a sheet of paper to view appearance or structure of the two sides bv holding the speci- men in a horizontal position with the light striking at an angle. Notice the rectangular or diamond-shaped impressions made by the machine wire, which identify the wire side. Do not confuse the larger and irregular pattern of felt marks with the finer pattern of wire marks. approval or endorsement of that product by the National Bureau of Standards, the Department of Commerce, or by the Federal Government. The following statements are suggested for use in representing products as conforming to all requirements of this Standard: (1) "This school paste conforms to all require- ments established in Voluntary Product Standard PS 64-75, developed and pub- lished in accordance with the U.S. Depart- ment of Commerce Procedures for the Development of Voluntary Product Stand- ards-. Full responsibility for the conform- ance of this product to the standard is as- summed by (name and address of producer or distributor)." (2) "Conforms to PS 64-75, (name and ad- dress of producer or distributor)." 6. HISTORY OF PROJECT In 1962 The Crayon, Water Color and Craft In- stitute, Inc., requested a revision of Commercial Standard CS 130-60, Color Material for Art Edu- cation fa Schools to include school paste and block printing ink. The first revision was rejected pri- marily on the grounds that no preservative re- quirements were included for paste, and no chroma requirements existed for block printing inks. Liaison was established with the Food and Drug Administration to develop acceptable toxic- ity and preservative requirements for incorpora- tion into the standard. It became apparent during these early development stages that certain aspects of the original document had become obsolete, and that different test procedures were needed in many areas for each of the products to be covered by the standard. The entire project was reviewed in late 1967, and it Avas then deemed appropriate to develop individual standards for (1) paints and inks, (2) chalk, and (3) school paste. Committees were established in 1968. School paste was approved by the Standard Review Committee in January 1970 and was circulated for acceptance in July 1970. Based on comments received from that mailing, certain changes were necessary. The revised document recommended by the Standard Review Committee was circu- lated again in October 1974 to producers, dis- tributors, users, and others interested in the prod- uct to determine its acceptability. An analysis of the responses indicated a consensus as defined in the published procedures. The standard was designated Voluntary Product Standard, PS 64-75, School Paste and became effective on October 22, 1975. Technical Standards Coordinator: 7. STANDING COMMITTEE Charles W. Devereux, Standards Development A Standing Committee lias been appointed to Services Section, National Bureau of Stand- assist in keeping this Voluntary Product Stand- ards, Washington, IXC. 20234 ard up to date. The names and members of the committee are available from the Standards Development Services Section, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234, which serves as the secretariat of the committee. 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