A UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PUBLICATION fXS Data Access Description Collection, Evaluation, and Processing Series CEP-7 DAD No. 29 May 1972 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ■ Social and Economic Statistics Administration • bureau OF the CEMSUS Low-Income Data From the 1970 Census CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Information on Low-Income Concepts ... 1 Background 1 Weighted Average Thresholds at the Low- Income Level 2 Alternate Low-Income Levels 3 Source of Low-Income Data 3 Availability of Low-Income Data 3 Printed Reports 3 1970 Census of Population and Housing Census Tract Reports .... 4 1970 Census of Population, Volume I, Characteristics of the Popu- lation 4 1970 Census of Population, Volume II, Subject Reports 4 Summary Tapes 4 Fourth Count Summary Tapes 4 Fifth Count Summary Tapes 4 Sixth Count Summary Tapes 4 Acquisition of the Tapes 4 Public Use Samples 5 Special Tabulations 6 Definition of Selected Terms 6 Further Information 6 Figures 4-10 7 INTRODUCTION This Data Access Description provides infor- mation on the low-income data available from the 1970 Census of Population and describes the sources of the data, the geographic detail, and the forms in which the data will be made available- - printed reports, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Count Summary Tapes, 1970 public use samples, and special tabulations. The definition of poverty currently accepted by the Federal Government for statistical purposes and the basic thresholds utilized by the Bureau of the Census to determine the low- income status of families and unrelated individuals are discussed. A more detailed ex- planation of the poverty definition will be found in the Census Bureau report, Series P-23, No. 28, "Revision in Poverty Statistics, 1959 to 1968." Information on the availability of low- income data from the 1970 census, as described in this Data Access Description, is subject to possible minor revision. Low- income statistics have not been published for previous decennial censuses. However, the poverty index originally developed by the Social Security Administration (SSA) has been applied annually to the income data from the March Current Population Survey, providing a consistent series of data for the past decade. The Bureau of the Census has published these data in several Current Population Reports in the P-60 series. INFORMATION ON LOWINCOMF^CONCEPTS Background i^ncs published ff%n\he kl on the poverty le Social SecurtayiAdmir iuvmu| 1970 census will be originally developed istration and modi Data Access Descriptions are intended as introductions to means of access to Census Bureau data for persons with data requirements not fully met by the printed reports by various Federal agencies in determining eligi- bility for participation in such programs as the Neighborhood Youth Corps, the school lunch pro- gram, and the Job Corps. The poverty index provides a range of low- income cutoffs adjusted for such factors as family size, sex and age of family head, number of child- ren under 18 years old, and farm-nonfarm resi- dence. At the core of the definition is a nutrition- ally adequate food plan ("economy" plan) designed by the Department of Agriculture for "emergency or temporary use when funds are low." The low- income cutoffs also take into account differences in the cost of living between farm and nonfarm families. The low- income cutoff for a farm family is set at 85 percent of the cutoff for a nonfarm family of similar composition. The cutoffs are re- vised annually to account for changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI). Weighted Average Thresholds at the Low-Income Level The cutoffs used by the Bureau of the Census to determine the low- income status of families and unrelated individuals consist of a set of 124 thresholds arranged in a four-dimensional matrix. (See fig. 1.) This matrix is composed of family size (from one person to seven or more persons), cross-classified by number and presence of children under 18 years old (from no children present to six or more children present), sex of head, and farm-nonfarm residence. One- and two-person families are further differentiated by age of head as under 65 years and 65 years and over. The total family income of each family in the sample is compared to the appropriate dollar threshold to determine the low-income status of that family. If the family's total income is less than its corresponding low- income cutoff, the family is classified as poor; otherwise it is classified as nonpoor. This detailed four-dimensional matrix is used as a basis for determining the weighted average thresholds shown in figure 2. These thresholds were weighted by the presence and number of children. For example, the weighted average threshold for the category *male-headed, nonfarm families of five members" is derived by multi- plying the dollar amount of the threshold for each "number and presence of children" category (see fig. l)--in this case, none, 1, 2, 3, and 4--by the total number of male-headed nonfarm families of five in each category. These products are then added together, and the aggregate is divided by the total number of male-headed, nonfarm families of five. The result is the weighted average low- income threshold ($4,418) for this category of families. The table of average thresholds is a convenient summary measure of the full 124-cell matrix. Figure 1.- Low- Income Threshold Matrix X represents low-income cutoff tabulations; — represents no tabulations computed. These mat- rices apply for male head, nonfarm; male head, farm; female head, nonfarm; and female head, farm. Exact figures for the four matrices as used for the 1970 census are given in the 1970 Public Use Sample documentation as Technical Document 101, available for $3 from Users' Serv- ice Staff. Number and presence of children Family size None 1 2 3 4 5 6 or more 1 member under 65 X X X x x X X x X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 1 member 65 years 2 members under 65 years 2 members 65 years and over. . 7 members or more X Since family composition varies by farm- nonfarm residence, the weighted average thresh- olds at the low- income level for farm families, as shown in figure 2, will not be exactly 85 percent of the nonfarm levels. Family composition also varies from year to year due to the declining birth rate, an increase in female-headed families, and sampling variability in the annual Current Popula- tion Survey. Therefore, the weighted average thresholds for 1969 will not reflect, identically, the increase in the Consumer Price Index between 1969 and earlier years. Since the basic thresholds used to determine low-income status are applied to all families and unrelated individuals, the weighted low-income thresholds are derived using all families and un- related individuals, rather than only those classi- fied as poor. According to present plans, weighted average thresholds at the low-income level based on the 1970 Census of Population are not expected to be available until late 1972. Therefore, the thresh- olds presented in figure 2 are based on the March 1970 Current Population Survey. However, it is expected that these thresholds will not differ significantly from those based on the census. Figure 2. -Weighted Average Thresholds at the Low-Income Level in 1969, by Size of Family and Sex of Head, by Nonfarm-Farm Residence Total Nonf arm Farm Number of family members Total Male head Female head Total Male head Female head $1,834 1,888 1,749 2,364 2,441 2,194 2,905 3,721 4,386 4,921 6,034 $1,840 1,893 1,757 2,383 2,458 2,215 2,924 3,743 4,415 4,958 6,101 $1,923 1,974 1,773 2,394 2,473 2,217 2,937 3,745 4,418 4,962 6,116 $1,792 1,826 1,751 2,320 2,373 2,202 2,830 3,725 4,377 4,917 5,952 $1,569 1,641 1,498 2,012 2,093 1,882 2,480 3,195 3,769 4,244 5,182 $1,607 1,678 1,508 2,017 2,100 1,883 2,485 3,197 3,770 4,245 5,185 $1,512 1 552 1,487 1 931 1,984 1,861 2 395 3,159 3,761 4 205 7 members or more 5 129 Figure 3. -Earnings and Income Items, 1970 Census Sample Questionnaires 40. Earnings in 1969 — Fill parts a, b. and c for everyone who worked any time in 1969 even if he had no income. (If exact amount is not known, give best estimate.) a. How much did this person earn in 1969 in wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, or tips from all jobs? (Before deductions for taxes, bonds, dues, or other items.) 00 (Dollars only) OR O None b. How much did he earn in 1969 from his own nonfarm business, professional practice, or partnership? (Net after business expenses. If business lost money, write "Loss" above amount.) *__ .00 (Dollars only) OR O None c. How much did he earn in 1969 from his own farm? (Net after operating expenses. Include earnings \ * .00 as a tenant farmer or sharecropper. If farm lost I (Dollars only) money, write "Loss" above amount.) | Qp Q None 41. Income other than earnings in 1969 — Fill parts a, b, and c. (If exact amount is not known, give best estimate.) a. How much did this person receive in 1969 from Social Security or Railroad Retirement? $ _ _ ._ - 00 (Dollars only) OR O None b. How much did he receive in 1969 from public assistance or welfare payments? Include aid for dependent children, old age assistance, general assistance, aid to the blind or totally disabled. Exclude separate payments for hospital or other medical care. (Dollars only) OR O None How much did he receive in 1969 from all other sources? Include interest, dividends, veterans' payments, pensions, and other regular payments. (See instruction sheet.) (Dollars only) OR O None Alternate Low-Income Levels Because the low-income levels currently in use by the Federal Government do not meet all the needs of the analysts of the data, two varia- tions of the poverty definition were created at the same time that modifications were made to the poverty index. One of these alternate low- income levels was set at 75 percent of the official government standard; the other was set at 125 percent of this standard. In order to obtain the weighted low-income thresholds for families and unrelated individuals below 75 percent and below 125 percent of the low-income level, the weighted average thresholds shown in figure 2 are multiplied directly by 0.75 and 1.25, respectively. SOURCE OF LOW-INCOME DATA The 1970 census 5- and 15-percent question- naires contained two items on earnings and income (fig. 3). Low-income data were derived from an- swers to these items. The population covered in the low-income sta- tistics presented from the 1970 census excludes inmates of institutions, members of the Armed Forces living in barracks, college students living in dormitories, and unrelated individuals under 14 years old. AVAILABILITY OF LOW-INCOME DATA Printed Reports Low-income statistics, based on income data from the 1970 census, will be available to users in the form of printed reports, as described below. The terminology of the table titles and table outlines in figures 4 through 10 is the same as appears in the 1970 census printed reports and summary tapes. The 1970 Census of Population and Housing Census Tract Reports .--Census Tract Reports (Series PHC-1) are issued for standard metro- politan statistical areas (SMSA's). The reports include data showing a distribution of families by the ratio of family income to poverty level. Families and unrelated individuals with incomes below the poverty level are further described. These data are included in table P-4 of the reports and are given for each component county, city, and census tract. Figure 4 presents the informa- tion on low-income data available in table P-4. The census tract reports are scheduled to be published during the period December 1971 through August 1972. 1970 Census of Population, Volume I, Char- acteristics of the Population. - -Low- income data are published in the 1970 Census of Population PC(1)-C reports, General Social and Economic Characteristics. There are 15 tables providing these data; titles of the tables and contents per- taining to low- income appear in figure 5. The data show the relationship between income and the poverty level for families, family heads, un- related individuals, persons, and households. The PC(1)-C reports cover geographic areas ranging in size from places of 2,500 to States; they are to be published by State during the period November 1971 through August 1972. The PC(1)-D reports, Detailed Characteris- tics, include nine tables providing low- income data for States, SMSA's of 250,000 population or more, and central cities. These tables are listed in figure 6. The PC(1)-D reports are scheduled to be issued by State between June and November 1972. 1970 Census of Population, Volume II, Subject Reports.- -Current plans include the publication during 1972 of subject report PC(2)-9A, Poverty Population. Detailed cross-classifications of data from the 1970 census on the low-income status in 1969 of families and persons by their social and economic characteristics, for the United States, regions, and type of residence, will be published in this report. Refer to figure 7 for the general subject matter of each table to be included. Publication of another subject report, PC(2)- 9B , Population, and Housing Characteristics of Selected Low-Income Areas, is planned for late 1972. For the 50 largest cities data will be pre- sented, by selected characteristics of the popula- tion, for the total city and for aggregates of census tracts with a 1970 census low- income rate (for persons) of 20, 30, and 40 percent or more. Data will also be presented by total population, white, Negro, and persons of Spanish heritage for the total city, the aggregate of census tracts with a 1970 census low- income rate (for persons) of 20 percent or more, and the remainder of the city. Summary Tapes Census data on low-income status will also be available on the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Count Summary Tapes. Fourth Count Summary Tapes. --These tapes are the source of the PC(1)-C reports, General Social and Economic Characteristics, and the census tract reports. Fourth Count includes 25 tables providing data on low- income status, re- ported for census tracts, minor civil divisions (MCD's), census county divisions (CCD's), places of 2,500 inhabitants or more, counties, States, and other selected areas. These tables are listed in figure 8. The Fourth Count Summary Tapes will be available on a State-by-State basis from December 1971 through April 1972. Fifth Count Summary Tapes . --These tapes are the only census product containing data summaries for ZIP code areas. Data on low-income status are provided in six tables; these tables are listed in figure 9. The Fifth Count Summary Tapes are expected to become available in June 1972. Sixth Count Summary Tapes . --These tapes are the source of the PC(1)-D reports, Detailed Char- acteristics. In addition to the data for the central city and ring of SMSA's having over 250,000 inhab- itants shown on the PC(1)-D tables, the tapes will include data for smaller SMSA's, individual counties inside the SMSA's, and large non-SMSA counties. The 1 1 tables for the Sixth Count related to low income are listed in figure 10. Sixth Count Summary Tapes will become available from summer through early fall on a State-by-State basis. Acquisition of the Tapes . --The Fourth and Sixth Count files for each State will require more than one reel of tape per State per count and may be purchased at the cost of reproduction (currently $70 per reel). The Fifth Count files will be avail- able, also at $70 per reel, as follows: File A 3-digit areas 1 reel (includes entire U.S. ) File B, 5-digit areas within SMSA's: ZIP codes beginning with 2 reels 1 ZIP codes beginning with 1 2 reels 1 ZIP codes beginning with 2 through 9 1 reel each Total 12 reels l It will be necessary for a user to purchase both reels for this ZIP code area. echnical documentation for the Fourth Count, hich describes tabulations in detail, is included in art 2 of the 1970 Census Users' Guide, which lay be purchased from the Superintendent of Doc- ments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash- igton, D.C. 20402 for $2.75. Fifth Count Dcumentation at $3 and Sixth Count documentation hich is in two sections (Population - $3; Housing $3), may be purchased from the Users' Service :aff, Data User Services Office, Bureau of the ensus, Washington, D.C. 20233. The Users' srvice Staff also accepts orders for summary :pes from all counts. ciently large to avoid disclosure of individuals. 2 Geographic information is limited to protect con- fidentiality, and geographic codes identify only areas with a population of more than 250,000 (e.g., States or SMSA's). For detailed informa- tion, refer to Data Access Description No. 24, Public Use Samples of Basic Records From the 1960 and 1970 Censuses (CT-8). All of the characteristics of people and house- holds as recorded in the census basic records will be on the public use sample records, but geograph- ic information and names will not appear. Since income characteristics are included in the record of each household, the samples may be tabulated to compare demographic characteristics of poor and nonpoor populations. These tabulations can also be used for studies of low-income families according to alternate low- income definitions. Family and personal incomes will be recorded in $100 intervals by type of income. The low- income threshold (discussed above) rounded to the nearest $100 will also be recorded for each family. The ratio of family income to the low-income threshold is included as the "poverty recode," 3 and is given as follows: Considerations relevant for using summary pes are discussed in Data Access Description o. 18, CT-1 (Revised), dated June 1970. Esti- ates of the number of tape reels per count for ich State are presented in Summary Tape User emorandum No. 26, dated April 29, 1971. ublic Use Samples The public use samples of basic records from e 1970 census also provide low-income data, here will be six basic public use samples each which contains sample records for 1 percent of e population, or roughly 2 million individuals, rie user may obtain a public use sample drawn om either 15-percent or 5-percent sample jcords and with one of three types of geographic lentification: (1) County Groups (including all VISA'S over 250,000); (2) States; or (3) Neighbor- ed Characteristics. Census divisions (sub- visions of the country into nine State groups) id size of urbanized area are identified in the eighborhood Characteristics sample. The State les are expected to become available on a flow isis between June and August 1972, and the ounty Group sample files in July and August ?72. Neighborhood Characteristics sample files re expected to be available later in 1972. Income less than .50 of low-income threshold Income between .50 and .74 of low-income threshold Income between .75 and .99 of low-income threshold Income between 1.00 and 1.24 of low-income threshold Income between 1.25 and 1.49 of low-income threshold Income between 1.50 and 1.99 of low-income threshold Income between 2.00 and 2.99 of low-income threshold Income greater than 3.00 of low-income threshold Not applicable 2 The Bureau of the Census is precluded by law (Title 13, U.S.C.) from releasing data that would identify an individual person, household, or firm. Publicly available data from a census or survey appear as statistical summaries only. However, samples of basic data from the 1970 census, with all identifying information removed, may be made available for statistical purposes for large areas. No names or addresses appear in the public se sample files. Furthermore, areas of resi- ;nce defined in public use samples are suffi- 3 A recode is a simplification of more detailed information derived from one or more existing codes. In addition to the housing unit and person char- acteristics which appear in each public use sample, neighborhood characteristics samples also contain census-defined characteristics of the area in which the person lives. The neigh- borhoods themselves will not be identified, but will have an average population of 4,000 to 5,000 inhabitants. Characteristics of these neigh- borhoods will include the proportion of families below the poverty level, the percent of families with incomes under $5,000 and over $15,000, the percent of Negro or Spanish American pop- ulation, average household size, etc. This will make it possible to tabulate characteristics of the population by type of neighborhood. Special Tabulations Special tabulations of low-income information will be undertaken on a cost-reimbursable basis. These tabulations can be performed for special areas of residence or levels of income and can consist of the standard census tabulations or of tabulations developed by the requester. Informa- tion contained in the special tabulations as well as that in the summary tapes is subject to the same legal safeguards as printed reports to in- sure confidentiality of census data. The data file from the 1970 census from which the Census Bureau can prepare special tabulations on low- income data to meet the specifications of individual users is expected to be available by mid- 1972. The number of geographic areas for which low-income information can be made available is limited by the coding on the census 5- and 15- percent sample basic records. To insure that the confidentiality of individual records is preserved, summary data are frequently suppresed where the number of reporting units in a tabulation is small. Consequently, suppression frequently occurs for low-income tabulations by race in small geographic areas where there may be rela- tively few persons in a particular racial category. Households below low-income level. - - House- holds below the low- income level are defined as those in which the total income of the family or primary individual is below the low- income level. The incomes of persons in the household other than members of the family or the primary individual are not included in the total income of the family or primary individuals when determining the low- income status of a household. Income deficit. - -The income deficit is the difference between the total income of families and unrelated individuals below the low- income level and their respective low- income thresholds. In computing the income deficit, families reporting a net income loss are assigned zero dollars. For such cases, the income deficit is equal to the low- income threshold. Aggregate income deficit. --The aggregate in- come deficit provides an estimate of the amount of money that would be required to raise the incomes of all poor families and unrelated individuals to their respective thresholds at the low- income level. Median income deficit. --The median income deficit is the amount which divides the distribu- tion into two equal parts, one having an income deficit above the median and the other having an income deficit below the median. Mean income deficit . --The mean income deficit is the amount obtained by dividing the aggregate income deficit of a group below the low- income level by the number of families or unrelated in- dividuals (as appropriate) in that group. FURTHER INFORMATION For additional information regarding special tabulations, refer to Data Access Description No. 21, Census Bureau Unpublished Data and Special Services: Policy and Delineation, dated December 1970. DEFINITION OF SELECTED TERMS Understanding of census definitions for the following terms is essential to the use of low- income data from the 1970 census. If further information concerning the matters discussed in this publication is desired, address inquiries to: Director Bureau of the Census Washington, D.C. 20233 (Please refer to Data Access Description No. 29, Collection, Evaluation, and Processing Series, CEP-7.) Figure 4. — Low Income Data, Census Tract Reports Included in Table P-4, Income Characteristics of the Population: 1970 Total SMSA Total County A City A Subject City A City B Balance Tract 0001 Tract 0002 Tract 0003 Ratio of Family Income to Poverty Level Percent of families with incomes: Less than .50 of poverty level .50 to .74 .75 to .99 1.00 to 1.24 1.25 to 1.49 1.50 to 1.99 2.00 to 2.99 3.00 or more Income Below Poverty Level Families Percent of all families Mean family income Mean income deficit Percent receiving public assistance income . . . Mean size of family. . . With related children under 18 years Mean number of related children under 18 years With related children under 6 years Mean number of related children under 6 years. Families with female head With related children under 18 years Mean number of related children under 18 years ..... With related children under 6 years Percent in labor force Mean number of related children under 6 years Family heads ..... Percent 65 years and over Civilian male heads under 65 years Percent in labor force Unrelated individuals Percent of all unrelated individuals .... Mean income Mean income deficit Percent receiving public assistance income . . . Percent 65 years and over Persons Percent of all persons Percent receiving Social Security income .... Percent 65 years and over Percent receiving Social Security income . . . Related children under 18 years Percent living with both parents Income Below Poverty Level — Continued Households ..... , Percent of all households , Owner occupied , Mean value of unit Renter occupied , Mean gross rent Percent lacking some or all plumbing "facilities . 8 Figure 5. -Low-Income Data, PC(1)-C Reports: General Social and Economic Characteristics Table No. Title and geographic area 58 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families 1970, for the State and Persons by Race and Urban and Rural Residence: 69 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families and Persons by Size of Place: 1970, for the State 80 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families and Persons by Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Residence: 1970, for the State 90 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families and Persons for Areas and Places: 1970, for SMSA's, Urbanized Areas (UA s), and Places of 50,000 or More 95 Poverty Status in 1969 of Negro Families and Persons for Areas and Places: 1970, for SMSA's, UA's, and Places of 50,000 or More 101 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families and Persons of Spanish Language for Areas and Places: 1970, for SMSA ' s , UA's, and Places of 50,000 or More Data items for these tables: Income Less Than Poverty Level Families , Percent of all families Mean family income Mean income deficit Percent receiving public assistance income . . . . Mean size of family With related children under 18 years Mean number of related children under 18 years, Families with female head With related children under 18 years . . . . „ , With related children under 6 years Percent of heads in labor force. . . . . . . Family heads Percent 65 years and over Civilian male heads under 65 years „ ■ Percent in labor force Unrelated individuals Percent of all unrelated individuals . Mean income Mean income deficit Percent receiving public assistance income Percent 65 years and over Persons Percent of all persons Percent receiving Social Security income . Percent 65 years and over Percent receiving Social Security income Related children under 18 years Percent living with both parents .... Households* Percent of all households , In owner occupied housing units Mean value of unit In renter occupied housing units Mean gross rent Percent lacking some or all plumbing facilities, ^Excludes owner-occupied one-family houses which are on a place of 10 acres or more or have a business on the property, and one-family renter-occupied houses on 10 acres or more. Figure 5. -Low-Income Data, PC(1)-C Reports: General Social and Economic Characteristics-Continued Income Less Than 75 Percent of Poverty Level Families Percent of all families Mean income deficit Families with female head Unrelated individuals Percent of all unrelated individuals Mean income deficit Persons Percent 65 years and over Related children under 18 years Percent living with both parents Income Less Than 125 Percent of Poverty Level (Same as for Income Less Than 75 Percent of Poverty Level . above. ) Table No. Title and geographic area 107 Income and Poverty Status in 1969 of Persons for Places of 10,000 to 50,000: 1970, for Places 111 Income and Poverty Status in 1969 of the Negro Population for Places of 10,000 to 50,000: 1970, for Places With 400 or More Negro Population 116 Income and Poverty Status in 1969 of Persons of Spanish Language for Places of 10,000 to 50,000: 1970, for Places With 400 or More Persons of Spanish Language 124 Income and Poverty Status in 1969 of Persons for Counties: 1970, for Counties 128 Income and Poverty Status in 1969 of the Negro Population for Counties: 1970, for Counties With 400 or More Negro Population 133 Income and Poverty Status in 1969 of Persons of Spanish Language for Counties: 1970, for Counties With 400 or More Persons of Spanish Language Data items for these tables: Income Less Than Poverty Level tamilies , Percent of all families , Mean family income Mean income deficit , Percent receiving public assistance income. . . , Mean size of family With related children under 18 years Mean number of related children under 18 years. Families with female head With related children under 18 years Family heads Civilian male heads under 65 years Percent in labor force 10 Figure 5. -Low-Income Data, PC(1)-C Reports: General Social and Economic Characteristics-Continued Unrelated individuals Percent of all unrelated individuals Mean income . ......... . Mean income deficit . , Percent receiving public assistance income . . . Persons Percent of all persons Percent receiving Social Security income .... Percent 65 years and over Percent receiving Social Security income . . . Related children under 18 years Percent living with both parents Households* Percent of all households In owner occupied housing units Mean value of unit In renter occupied housing units Mean gross rent Percent lacking some or all plumbing facilities. Income Less Than 75 Percent of Poverty Level Families Percent of all families Mean income deficit Families with female head Unrelated individuals Percent of all unrelated individuals .... Mean income deficit Persons Percent of all persons Related children under 18 years. ........ Percent living with both parents Income Less Than 125 Percent of Poverty Level (Same as for Income Less Than 75 Percent of Poverty Level , above . ) ^Excludes owner-occupied one-family houses which are on a place of 10 acres or more or have a busi- ness on the property, and one-family renter- occupied houses on 10 acres or more. Table No. Title and geographic area 118 Occupation and Income for Places of 2,500 to 10,000: 1970, for Places 135 Economic Characteristics of the Rural Nonfarm Popula- tion: 1970, for Counties 137 Economic Characteristics of the Rural Farm Population: 1970, for Counties 11 Figure 5.- Low-Income Data, PC(1)-C Reports: General Social and Economic Characteristics-Continued Data items for these tables: Income Less Than Poverty Level Families Percent of all families , . . . Mean income deficit. . . Families with female head Unrelated individuals Percent of all unrelated individuals .... Mean income deficit Persons Percent of all persons Related children under 18 years Percent living with both parents Tables 107 111 116 118 124 128 and 133 also include the following data: Type of Income in 1969 of Families All families With wage or salary income . Mean wage or salary income With nonfarm self -employment income Mean nonfarm self -employment income With farm self -employment income Mean farm self -employment income With Social Security income Mean Social Security income With public assistance or public welfare income Mean public assistance or public welfare income With other income Mean other income 12 Figure 6.— List of Tables on Low-Income Data, PC(1 )-D Reports: Detailed Characteristics Data for States, SMSA's, and central cities. Table No. Title 208 Poverty Status in 1969 and Ratio of Family Income to Poverty Level for Persons in Families and Unrelated Individuals, by Family Relationship, Age, and Race: 1970 209 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families by Type, Number of Related Children under 18 Years, and Age, Sex, and Race of Head: 1970 210 Poverty Status in' 1969 of Families by Labor Force Status, Sex, and Race of Head: 1970 211 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families by Weeks Worked, Occupation Group, Sex, and Race of Head: 1970 212 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families, by Years of School Completed, Age, Sex, and Race of Head: 1970 213 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families, by Source of Income and Age, Sex, and Race of Head: 1970 214 Poverty Status in 1969 of Families by Family Income, Number of Related Children under 18 Years, and Sex and Race of Head: 1970 215 Poverty Status in 1969 of Persons 3 to 24 Years Old Enrolled in School, by Year of School in Which Enrolled, Age, Sex, and Race: 1970 216 Poverty Status in 1969 of Persons 14 to 24 Years Old not Enrolled in School, by Years of School Completed, Age, Sex, and Race: 1970 13 Figure 7. -Content Summary of Population Subject Report PC(2)-9A, Poverty Population Data for United States only, except as indicated. Table No. General subject matter 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Appendix Table 1 Table 2 Type of residence (also regional data) Size of place of residence (also data for the South) Detailed race (also regional data) Type of origin of Spanish persons (also data for the five Southwestern States) Country of origin of the foreign stock Place of birth (also regional data) Residence in 1965 (also regional data) Single years of age Age of family members and relationship to family head by age of head Presence and age of related and own children Size of family by number of related children under 18 years Marital status of family and subfamily heads by presence of own children Children ever born Characteristics of civilian veterans School enrollment Ratio of family income to poverty level by educational attainment Educational attainment by work experience Educational attainment and employment status of those not enrolled in school Employment status and age of head Employment status of family members by employment status of head Characteristics of disabled persons Field of vocational training Weeks worked in 1969 Work experience in 1969 of family heads by that of other family members Occupation and class of worker Place of work during Census Week Mean earnings by occupation group Number of earners by relationship to head Source of income in 1969 Source of income in 1969 of head by that of other family members Type of income in 1969 Family income in 1969 Poor families by family income in 1969 Size of income difference in 1969 between the poverty level and total income Selected characteristics of the potentially poor Housing characteristics Weighted average thresholds at the poverty level in 1969 Selected characteristics of families with income allocated 14 Figure 8.— List of Low-Income Tabulations, Fourth Count Summary Tapes Table No. Title 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 Aggregate Dollar Income Deficit For Families Below Poverty Level Aggregate Dollar Income Deficit For Unrelated Individuals 14 Years Old and Over Below Poverty Level Aggregate Dollar Income of Specified Types Received by Families Below Poverty Level Aggregate Dollar Income Received by Unrelated Individuals Below Poverty Level Aggregate Dollar Value of Owner-Occupied Units by Poverty Status of Family or Primary Individual Aggregate Dollar Gross Rent of Renter-Occupied Units by Poverty Status of Family or Primary Individual Aggregate Dollar Income Deficit Between Specified Poverty Level and Total Income for Families and Unrelated Individuals Ratio of Family Income to Poverty Level Aggregate Number of Persons in Families Below Poverty Level Families by Presence of Related Children under 18, Type of Family, and Poverty Status Related Children under 18 by Type of Family, Poverty Status, and Age Family Heads 65 Years Old and Over by Poverty Status Civilian Male Family Heads 14 to 64 Years Old by Labor Force and Poverty Status Female Family Heads in the Labor Force with Related Children under 6 Years Old by Poverty Status Unrelated Individuals by Age and Poverty Status Population 65 Years Old and Over by Poverty Status Related Children 5 to 17 Years Old in Families with Incomes Below $3,000 Related Children under 18 Years Old in Families Below Poverty Level by Presence of Parents Population Receiving Social Security or Railroad Retirement by Age and Poverty Status Number of Families Below Poverty Level Receiving Income of Selected Types Number of Unrelated Individuals Below Poverty Level Receiving Income of Selected Types Families and Primary Individuals in Housing Units by Tenure and Poverty Status Families and Primary Individuals in Housing Units Lacking One of More Plumbing Facilities by Poverty Status Specified Poverty Level, Type of Family, and Selected Family Status Specified Poverty Level and Age 15 Figure 9. -List of Low-Income Tabulations, Fifth Count (ZIP Code) Summary Tapes Table No. Title 22 Families by Poverty Status and Public Assistance 23 Families with Female Head by Poverty Status and Related Children under 18 24 Families by Poverty Status and Related Children under 18 25 Unrelated Individuals by Poverty Status 26 Poverty Status and Age 27 Related Children under 18 Years Old by Poverty Status and Presence of Parents Figure 10.— List of Low-Income Tabulations, Sixth Count Summary Tapes Table No. Title 119B 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 Disabled Population 16 to 64 Years Old ^Excluding Inmates) by Race, Sex, Age, Duration of Disability, Marital Status, Presence of Own Children under 18 Years Old, Years of School Completed, Income, Poverty Status, Labor Force Status, and Occupation Family Members and Unrelated Individuals 14 Years Old and Over by Race, Sex, Family Status, Household Relationship, Age, and Ratio of Family Income to Poverty Level Part I - Aggregate Dollar Income Deficit of Families Below Poverty Level by Race, Age, Number of Related Children under 18 Years Old, Sex and Marital Status Part II - Families by Race, Poverty Status, Age, Number of Related Children under 18 Years Old, Sex and Marital Status Families by Race, Poverty Status, Sex, Age, Related Children, and Labor Force Status Families by Race, Poverty Status, Weeks Worked, Sex, Occupation, and Class of Worker Families by Race, Poverty Status, Sex, Age, Related Children, and Years of School Completed Part I - Aggregate Dollar Income of Families by Race, Poverty Status, Sex, Age, and Related Children under 18 Years Old Part II - Families by Race, Poverty Status, Sex, Age, Related Children under 18 Years Old, and Type of Income Part I - Aggregate Dollar Income Deficit of Families and Unrelated Individuals Below Poverty Level by Race, Sex, Family Status, Age, and Related Children under 18 Years Old Part II - Families and Unrelated Individuals with Incomes Below Poverty Level by Race, Sex, Income Deficit, Family Status, Age, and Related Children Under 18 Years Old Part I - Aggregate Dollar Income of Families by Race, Sex, Poverty Status, and Related Children Under 18 Years Old Part II - Families by Race, Sex, Poverty Status, Income, and Related Children Under 18 Years Old Population 3 to 24 Years Old Enrolled in School by Race, Poverty Status, Sex, Year of School in Which Enrolled, Type of School, and Age of Person Population 14 to 24 Years Old and Not Enrolled in School by Race, Poverty Status, Sex, Years of School Completed, and Age PENN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES DAD Date of Series Number Issue Number 1 March 1967 MS-1 2 August 1967 AAC-1 3 December 1967 CT-1 U February 1968 PA-1 5 February 1968 PA-2 6 April 1968 CT-2 7 July 1968 CEP-1 8 August 1969 CT-3 9 August 1969 CT-4 10 December 1969 CEP-2 11 December 1969 CEP-3 12 December 1969 CG-1 13 March 1970 CT-2 (Rev.) H March 1970 CEP-1 (Rev.) 15 April 1970 CG-2 16 April 1970 CT-5 PUBLICATIONS OF DATA ACCESS DESCRIPTIONS Title AD0DD72flST7AD Current , ._ Status 17 May 1970 CEP-4 18 June 1970 CT-1 (Rev. ) 19 August 1970 CEP-5 20 November 1970 CEP-2 (Rev.) 21 December 1970 PA-1 (Rev. ) 22 March 1971 CT-5 (Rev.) 23 March 1971 CT-6 2U May 1971 CT-8 25 July 1971 CT-4(Rev. ) 26 December 1971 CT-3 (Rev.) 27 January 1972 CEP-4(Rev.) 28 May 1972 CEP-6 29 May 1972 CEP-7 30 CT-7 Obtaining Census Statistics for a Selected Obsolete Group of Persons Address Coding Guide and Register: General Obsolete Applications General Information About Summary Tapes See No. 18 Policy Governing Access to Census Bureau See No. 21 Unpublished Data and Special Services Cost Considerations in Obtaining Census Obsolete Bureau Data and Services First Count Summary Tapes From the 1970 See No. 13 Censuses of Population and Housing Items Contained in the 1970 Censuses of See No. 14 Population and Housing Second Count Summary Tapes From the 1970 See No. 26 Census of Population and Housing Third Count (Block) Summary Tapes From the See No. 25 1970 Census of Population and Housing Availability of Place of Work Data in See No. 20 the 1970 Census Inclusion of Transient Persons in the Current 1970 Decennial Census 1970 Census Geography Current First Count Summary Tapes From the 1970 Current Census of Population and Housing Items Contained in the 1970 Census of Current Population and Housing Contract Block Statistics Program Current Fourth Count Summary Tapes From the 1970 See No. 22 Census of Population and Housing Printed Reports From the 1970 Census of See No. 27 Population and Housing General Information About Summary Tapes Current Printed Reports From the 1970 Census — Current Housing, Volume II Availability of Place of Work Data in Current the 1970 Census Census Bureau Unpublished Data and Special Current Services: Policy and Delineation Fourth Count Summary Tapes From the 1970 Current Census of Population and Housing Fifth Count (ZIP Code) Summary Tapes From Current the 1970 Census of Population and Housing Public Use Samples of Basic Records From Current the 1960 and 1970 Censuses Third Count (Block) Summary Tapes From the Current 1970 Census of Population and Housing Second Count Summary Tapes From the 1970 Current Census of Population and Housing Printed Reports From the 1970 Census of Current Population and Housing Delineation of Problem Housing Areas Current Low- Income Data From the 1970 Census Current Sixth Count Summary Tapes From the 1970 In Preparation Census of Population and Housing