NOAA Technical Report ERL 379-AOML 2 I'' . I».rr"L STD Observations From the R/V COLUMBUS ISELIN During Phase III of GATE William McLeish S. Michael Minton August 1976 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Environmental Research Laboratories Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/stdobservationfrOOmcle .dp WMOS/W NOflfl /VlEMT of NOAA Technical Report ERL 379-AOML 24 STD Observations HiJ From the R/V COLUMBUS ISELIN During Phase III of GATE William McLeish S. Michael Minton Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories Miami, Florida August 1976 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Elliot Richardson, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration j^ Robert M. White, Administrator ^ Environmental Research Laboratories Boulder Colorado b Wilmot Hess, Director o 'to O D. 0) a NOTICE The Environmental Research Laboratories do not approve, recommend, or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be made to the Environmental Research Laboratories or to this publication furnished by the Environmental Research Labora- tories in any advertising or sales promotion which would in- dicate or imply that the Environmental Research Laboratories approve, recommend, or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned herein, or which has as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectly the adver- tised product to be used or purchased because of this Envi- ronmental Research Laboratories publication. 11 CONTENTS ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION 2. THE INSTRUMENT 3. PROCESSING METHODS 4. PRESENTATION OF DATA 5 . ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 6. REFERENCES Page 1 1 1 2 4 5 5 in STD OBSERVATIONS FROM THE R/V COLUMBUS ISELIN DURING PHASE III OF GATE William McLeish 1 S. Michael Minton 2 The R/V COLUMBUS ISELIN obtained 92 acceptable STD casts during Phase III of GATE. A computer processing scheme was modified for these particular data. Plots of temperature, salinity, and sigma-T versus pressure and temperature-salinity diagrams were prepared. The pro- cessed values at 1-decibar intervals were written on magnetic tape and placed in the archives of the National Oceanographic Data Center. 1. INTRODUCTION In conjunction with the GATE operations during the period 9-19 September 1974 within the region Lat. 8°29' to 9°44'N, Long. 19° 50' to 23°13'W, the R/V COLUMBUS ISELIN obtained 92 acceptable casts, measuring temperature and salinity vs. pressure in the upper ocean. Of these casts, 24 were obtained on 19 September in a rapid series of shallow lowerings. The data obtained during all down casts have been processed and are pre- sented in this report. 2. THE INSTRUMENT A Plessey Model 9040 S/T/D Environmental Profiling System generated a graph of temperature and salinity vs. depth during each cast. It also supplied these signals to a Plessey Model 8114A Digital Data Logger, which wrote the digital data onto magnetic tape. The digital data tapes were used in subsequent data processing. The instrument recorded readings of temperature, salinity, and pressure at 4 scans/second, and the lowering rate was 20 m/min in some casts and 10 m/min in others. The range of 1 Sea-Air Interaction Laboratory, AOML 2 Physical Oceanography Laboratory, AOML he pressure sensor was 3000 decibars with a stated accuracy 0.25% and a repeatability of 0.1% (Plessey, 1973). n he stated accuracy of the temperature channel was 0.02°C ;h a repeatability of 0.01°C. The instruction manual stated that the accuracy of the salinity channel was 0.02 °/ 00 but that corrections could give an accuracy of 0.01 °/ 00 and that the repeatability was 0.01 °/ 00 (Plessey, 1973). 3. PROCESSING METHODS While the methods used in processing STD data are generally imilar to the system described by Scarlet (1975) and to the rocedures used by others in CEDDA and in these laboratories, amber of modifications have been developed for processing present data. This program uses correction equations :ommended by the instrument manufacturer. First, each measurement is converted to units of decibars ressure) , °C (temperature) , or °/ 00 (salinity) . Then the value of each data point and the difference between the data point and the previous one in the same channel are compared with an appropriate set of fairly wide limits. Any scan con- taining a data point outside the limits is deleted. Primarily is step removes digitizing and tape writing errors. Next, ta in the pressure and temperature channels are filtered. A 0.3 Hz low-pass filter on pressure is used to reduce noise the sink rate calculation described below. A 1 Hz low-pass filter on temperature removes digitization noise from that :hannel as well as the effect of the noise on the corrections to the salinity data. The response of the temperature sensor is sufficiently Low that significant errors were produced by the conditions er which the casts were made. The temperature errors in turn introduced significant errors into the salinity hannel, for which the calculated product depends on the jmperature reading. The rate change of temperature is calculated by AT(1) T(3)-T(l) , At 21 where I = the sample interval, 0.25 sec. A forward difference calculation was selected in order to compensate in part for the time lag in the readings. The corrected temperature for each scan is given by T(l) = T(l) + x f|^-* The quantity t is the time constant of the temperature channel quoted by the manufacturer as 0.3 5 sec. A protective shield about the temperature sensor was removed on 11 September, and a time constant of 0.15 sec was assumed for later casts. Salinity readings are corrected according to S = S c o 1-T a c \ where T is the temperature correction, and a and 6 are coeffi- cients calculated for each scan according to equations and laboratory data in the instruction manual (Plessey, 1973). As the sensor assembly is lowered through a temperature gradient, a quantity of heat is conducted from the instrument case to the surrounding water. The present observations indicate that, when the descent rate is sufficiently decreased by the roll of the ship, heating of water around the salinity sensor can produce significant errors in that channel. The errors have a sign opposite to those induced by the slow response of the temperature sensor. Previous calculation procedures attempted to avoid errors resulting from decreased descent rate by deleting all except the first scan at each depth. Typically about 20 percent of the data are retained in that process. The present calculation determines the sink rate from the filtered depth values at each scan and deletes those scans with sink rates less than 24 or 12 m/sec or at pressures less than those of previously accepted scans. Typically this procedure retains approximately 40 percent of the scans. Next, calibration offset values derived from external observations are added to the pressure and salinity values. The pressure offset is obtained by comparison of instrument readings near the surface with direct observation of depth, and the salinity offset is obtained by comparison of the salinities of water samples with the instrument readings at the same depth. Erratic salinity readings are detected by comparison with neighboring values. A least- squares linear fit to the six salinity values about each reading (3 before and 3 after) is determined, and the standard deviation of the six differences from the fit line is calculated. A weighted mean of the surrounding values is obtained and compared with the observed value. When the difference is greater than 2.5 times the standard deviation, the salinity value is replaced by the weighted mean. This procedure usually changes one to 7 percent of the salinity values. In a check for gravitational stability, any scans are deleted for which the sigma-T value is more than 0.0 5 units smaller than any such preceding value. Seldom are more than four scans in a cast rejected by this process. In order to remove some remaining salinity errors, overlapping groups of 24 scans are selected, and a straight line-root mean square best fit to the salinity values is calculated for each segment. Scans are deleted for which the salinity value differs by more than 0.05% from the best fit line. The temperature values within each 1 decibar pressure interval are averaged, and the salinity values are treated similarly. Finally, a low-pass filter with a cutoff of 0.2 cycles/meter is applied to the averaged salinity readings. 4. PRESENTATION OF DATA Table 1 lists the casts that have been processed, and includes the number assigned to each cast before processing, then the location, date, start time, depth range, lowering rate, and time constant used. Up-casts and special maneuvers have not been processed. Graphs for each cast include depth-temperature, depth-salinity, and depth-sigma-T plots and a temperature-salinity diagram. The entire set of processed data at one-decibar pressure intervals is written on a magnetic tape labeled SGATJ32 that was submitted to archives of the National Oceanographic Data Center, Washington, D. C. 5 . ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Mr. F. Ostapoff, Director, Sea-Air Interaction Laboratory, was the Chief Scientist aboard the R/V COLUMBUS ISELIN during the above period, and Dr. Ants Leetmaa, Physical Oceanography Laboratory, collected the data. Both furnished valuable advice in the processing of the data. 6. REFERENCES Plessey Environmental Systems, "Model 9040 S/T/D Environmental Profiling System Instruction Manual," Plessey, San Diego, 1973. Scarlet, R. I., A data processing method for salinity, temperatun and depth profiles, Deep-Sea Research 22, 509-515, 1975. Table 1 Catalog of STD Casts Lat. Location Long. Date 1974 Start Time Depth Range m Lowering Rate m/min Time Constant sec 2 8 ° 2 9 . 49 N 23° 02. 26 1 W Sept. 9 0130 2-275 20 0.35 3 " 0230 1-276 4 ii 0330 1-514 5 8°54. 13 N 23° 02. 26 W 0430 2-530 6 II 0620 2-508 _ It 0720 2-548 8 11 0815 3-056 9 " 0910 141-532 l : 'i 1105 2-538 L2 " 1200 2-494 13 8°54 13 N 23° 13. 12 H Sept. 10 0100 2-512 14 " 0200 1-524 15 II 0300 1-488 16 II 0650 4-516 : _ ii 0750 1-548 18 II 0845 2-515 19 " 0938 2-542 2C II 1305 4-513 21 ii 1440 1-511 22 8°54 13 •N 23° 13 13 W 1553 2-611 2 1 II 1709 3-950 24 II 1836 2-512 2 r > " 1930 2-514 2 6 8°54 42 •N 22 C 50 .30 •w Sept. 1 1 1043 3-516 2.- *' 1139 2-532 1 f > t Table 1 (Continued! Cast # Lat. Location Long. Date 1974 Start Time Depth Range m Lowering Rate m/min Time Constant sec 28 8°54 .42'N 22°50 30 'W Sept. 11 1238 1-514 20 0.35 i 29 ii 1348 1-511 1 30 ii 1550 4-514 V 0.15 31 ii 1650 2-533 32 ■I 1957 65-516 33 ii 2131 3-109 34 ii 2200 3-212 35 ii 2230 3-114 V* 3 6 H Sept. 12 0110 16-216 10 37 ii 0210 2-199 38 ii 0310 5-223 39 n 0430 3-209 -I ei 0520 2-207 41 ii 0608 2-207 42 ii 0650 2-216 43 It 0800 4-214 44 n 0900 3-212 45 ii 1000 3-212 46 ii 1100 3-210 47 ii 1200 2-213 48 ii 1245 5-53 4 9 ii 1407 9-56 \ 6 51 9°11. 40'N 23°12. 00 w 1914 2-508 ) 53 8°47. 00'N 23°12. 20 w Sept. 13 0000 2-513 5 4 8°36. 50'N 23°12. 70 w 0210 4-510 55 8°25 90'N 23°13. 40 w 0440 4-520 5 6 8°29. 49'N 23°02. 26 w 0700 4-559 \ / V / Table Cast 1 (Continued) = Location Lat. Long. Date 1974 Start Time Depth Range m Lowering Rate m/min Time Constant sec 5~ 8°29. 49'N 23°02. 26 'W Sept. 13 0832 4-108 j -0 . 15 " S 8°54. 42'N 22°50. 3 'W Sept. 14 0737 4-114 59 i 0858 2-107 c: 1 0952 3-113 V • ; : " 1058 3-116 2 -: 1 1158 4-117 63 i 1414 4-111 • 4 i 1459 4-115 t 1555 3-140 66 8°56.09'N 22°47. 03'W Sept. 15 1745 4-231 67 8°47. 03'N 22°45. 03'W 1958 2-217 68 8°57. 02'N 22°46. 04'W 2225 3-221 8°48. 06'N 22°45. 05 "W Sept. 16 0105 3-210 _ " 8°56. 07'N 22°46 03'W 0351 2-214 71 8°29. 49'N 23°02. 26'W Sept. 17 2220 2-516 72 II Sept. 18 0008 4-538 74 9°41.10'N 19°55 40'W Sept. 19 1455 2-113 75 i 1526 3-113 76 ' 1537 1-57 77 9°41. 40'N 19°54 90'W 1556 1-109 78 9°41. 60'N 19°54 70'W 1626 2-111 7 9 9°41.90'N 19°54 30'W 1655 2-111 BO 9°42. 20'N 19°53 .90'W 1758 2-50 Bl 9°42. 90'N 19°52 70'W 1955 4-111 82 9°43. 10'N 19°52 60'W 2010 2-115 83 9°43. 20'N 19°52 40'W 2025 2-112 -4 9°43.30'N 19°52 . 52'W 2040 2-112 \ r \ / Table 1 (Continued) Cast # Lat. Location Long. Date 1974 Start Time Depth Range m Lowering Rate m/min Time Constant sec 85 9°43 50'N 19°51 90 W Sept. 19 2055 2-113 20 0.15 8 6 9°43 60'N 19°51. 70 w 2110 1-110 87 9°43 70'N 19°51. 50 w 2125 1-128 88 9°43 80'N 19°51 30 w 2140 41-115 89 9°43 90'N 19°51. 20 w 2155 2-115 90 9°44. 20'N 19°51. 10 w 2210 1-117 91 9°44. 30'N 19°50. 80 w 2225 4-117 9 2 9°44. 30'N 19°50. 70 w 2240 1-117 9 3 9°44. 60'N 19°50. 40 w 2255 2-111 94 u 2310 3-115 95 ii 2325 2-117 96 ii 2340 2-115 97 ■I 2355 2-115 > / V „ STRTIQN 2, S.29.49 N,23.02.26M 1 974SEP09 . 1 30Z Tp i ' ' I — i — i — ' — i — l — i — i — i — i — n -1 — i — i — r 5; r LOO j L50P <= 200 en CD □ 250 EC 300 CO 350 400 450- 500- 5IGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. i : : T 22. j i i i_ 34, 5, 23, j i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i_ 34.5 35, 10. 15. 24. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 2E 20 UJ DC ^ 15 1 C -i — i — ' ,-*~ 'l — i — i — i — i — J- - +• " ' — ' — ' — I L ■- -' ' " v ' I ' ' J---*" "! 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 -i i i I i i_^C I I 1 1 1 i—J 1 1 1 1 L-— ' ' ' ' — 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 33.5 10 STRT ION 3. 8.29.49N.23.02.26W 1 974SEP09 . 0230Z 0| 1 1 — i 1 tt~i — i 1 1 1 i — i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 — [i — ' ' ! 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DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 3 1 — i — i — i_,i — -j" 2 5 u o 20 en \— cr ^ 15 UJ Q_ ~Z UJ 10 1 1 1 — j.. .. 4- ■ i 1 r -i 1 r — i 1 r -i 1 — i r 36 30 28 .5 i 2^ --- 23. 5 24 -- 24. 25 5 .— 25. r . --- 26 -- 26. 5 27 27.5 28 28.5 34 i i I i Ci , r' i I i i i — tl_l — i — i — i — i — U^j — i — i — l 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 30 STATION 24, 8.54. 13N, 23. 13. 13W 1 974SEP 1 . 1 836Z Oi — i — i — i — n 50 100 150 o= 200 cr CO o " 25 UJ cr: £ 300 UJ QC Q_ 350 400 450 500- PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. CD It! 20 UJ 0_ (X ^ 15 2: 10 5 k ■ ■ ■ 33.5 3 1 — i — i — 1_, .j----| — i — i — i — i — j.,_+- 25 28.5 I f'\ 1 1 i I I cl I I I I I V' I I I I I I ■'' I I I l_ 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 31 STRTION 25, 8 . 54 . 1 3N. 23. 1 3 . 1 3W 1 974SEP 1 . 1 930Z GO Q UJ CC 400 450- 500- PPT 3 3.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 3 D 36.5 30. 28. ^5 ID 20 01 15 n. UJ 10 1 r- 1 1 1 1 — |, _ + ■ — i r i . -r — r 1 1 1 — i__ _ J 23 23.5 24.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 i . I i I i ,'\ l l I l l . f I I I I I t' 1 I 1 1 1 Ll^-1 1 1 L 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 32 STATION 26, 8.5H.U2N.22.50. 30W 1974SEP1 1 1043Z i i i i | .i i i i i i i i i 1 i i i i 1 ' i ' ' ' 1 i i. i i 50 - - 100 ~ 150 - - 5 200 - - CD - - O ■ 250 - LU - CC " - ZD ~ S 300 - LU CC : Q_ 350 ~" 1400 T 1 \ 5 ISIGT -_ 4 50 - : 500 1 1 i i i i i f i i i i i '\ i i i i i i i i i i i \ i i i PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25, 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 CD 20 a ZD \— cr 01 15 Q_ 111 ~~\ 1 1 . 4 - ■ -i 1 r -r— p— r — r _i i i i I i - i i i_ _i i ^f i 33.5 34 j i i i_ 28.5 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36.5 33 : 50 STATION 27, 8. 54. 42N, 22.50. SOW 1974SEP1 1 11392 '- ■ i i i i i 1 i i i i i i > i i i 1 i y i i 100 - - 150 : f 200 CD o " 250 LU OC £ 300 UJ cc a_ 350 - - 400 - T J ) 5 \SIGT 450 - 500 i i i i i i / i i i i i / i i i i i i I i i i i i I , , i PPT 33.5 34 DEGC 0. 5. SIGT 22. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27, 36, 30, 28. £ 20 01 15 10 3 1 — i — i — i , j - ■ | — r 25 "i i~. ~r~ i i i | i i r i__. J - - | 1 r l i i i I l* i i i_ J_ ■ f I I I I I *■' I I I I 1- 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 J J . J 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SRLINITT (0/00) 31, 36.5 34 r ,0 100 150 <= 20 cc □Q Q ' 250 LlJ £ 300 UJ cc Q_ 350 400 450 500 STATION 2 T 1 1 1 54.42N, 22.50. 30W 1 974SEP 1 1 . 1 238Z _L i i i_ PPT 33.5 34. 34.5 35. 35.5 DEGC 0. 5. 10. 15. 20. SIGT 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 36. 36.5 25. 30. 27. 28. 30 2 5 u 20 cc 00 15 Q_ s: LU 10- I - ■■!■-■ I 1 1 1 1 — J--+- 1 1 1 1 1 _ i - -I" "i — i — l ...I-- 'i — i — i — i — i — : J I I ' I L^li_ _1 l_^t L 33.5 3 4 J I I I I ' I I I L 23 23.5 ?M 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36.5 35 s; 100 150 cc ?nn ■J. CD □ 250 LU oc — ■ 300 Li. DC Q_ 350 400 450 STATION 29 "l — i 1 r 8. 54. 4 2N. 22. 50. 30U 1974SEP1 1 , 1348Z 500 PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 36.5 30. 28. 30 1 1 i r — r— i 1 — i 1 1 — j__ - 1- — i 1 1 1 r~i — =i 1 | i i L„ J '| i i r 25 CD -20 CO ID h- a °= 15 Q. z, UJ 10 5 3 3.5 i i i i I i -^i i ' I I I — cl 1 1 L 34 34.5 35 2 i 23.5 24 24.5 ?<• 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 l l I I L I I U_J 1 1 L 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 STRTION 30 Oi — i — i — i — r 8. 54. 4 2N. 22. 50.30 W 197USEP1 1 . 1550Z 50 100 150 Q= 200 300 a: 0- 350 400 450 500- ~\ — i — i — r t — i — i — r 1 — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. I I I I I I I I ' I I 34. 5. 23. 5IGT 36.5 30. 28. 3 j — i — i — \._\ ■ | 25 CO LU 20 LT ID h- a 01 15 1 1 i I *J 10 "i — i — i ... i 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 .-26 26.5 27 27.5 28 _U I I l_ J -± ' I I I I >■'' I I I 1 l_ _l I I L. 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 39 Oi— r cc a cc to 25 ?: ~5 cc a- 100 125 STATION 33, 8. 54 . 42N , 22 . 50 . 30N 1 974SEP 1 1 . 2 1 3 1 Z i I i i I i i i i | i 1 1 — i 1 1 — i — 1 1 — | 1 1 — i r 150 PPT 33: DEGC 0, 5IGT 22, 3G _i ; 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 i_ 34 5, 23, 34.5 10. 24, 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25. 27, 36.5 30. 28. ^5 u 20 cc ^ 15 a. 10 "i 1 1 . .1 - '| 1 1 1 1 — 1 - v — 1 1 1 1 1 1 - -\ 1 1 1 1 l_,.i- 23 23.5 24 24.5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 • 1 1 1 I I I • 1' 1 1 I I 1 . T I 1 I I 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 U_J 1 1 L 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 40 STATION 34, 8 . 54 . 42N , 22 . 50 . 30U 1974SEP 1 1 . 2200Z Or i i i i TTTn — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — r~r\ — i — i — | — i — rj~\ — r 50 100 150 cc 200 u. 00 L J 250 LJJ cc "::• en CO 30 LU CC Q_ 350 400 450 500 FPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. J I I I I I I I I L \ S I G T 34. 5, 23 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. J I I I I 1 I I I I L 35.5 20. 26, 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3 1 — i — i — I „ i - ■ | 25 CD £ 20 cc. ZD I— cr 01 15 LU (1 10 n 1 — l - f ' — ' ' r ~i r i i i i__. j. --■ i i i r 23 23.5 2 4 24. 5 2 5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 CL I I I I I L^lJ I I I I I ^1 I I I I I i— I I I I I L_l I I L. 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 41 STATION 35, 8 . 54 . 42N , 22 . 50. 30N 1 974SEP 1 1 . 2230Z Oi — i — i—i — r i i i ' 1 i i i i | i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r .-2 □ ■ 25- 50- ~5 az a- 100 125- 150- SIGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 34. 5. 23. J I I 1 I I I L_ 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15. 25. J I I 1 L 35.5 20. 26. j I i_ 36. 25. 27. 3 1 — i — r — i.j — r 25 £ 20 cr 01 15 z: 10 -p 1 — i 1 1 1 1 i -i 1 1 r ^^n" 36 31 i'i'i .5 23 —' 23. 5 -- 24 — 24. 5 —' 25 — 25. 5 --- 26 -' 26. 5 ^ 27 I I .- ' I I I I i i - f ' I I I I i' I 1 1 1 L. _! I I L 27.5 - -28 28.5 33.5 _ 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SRLINITY (0/00) 42 STATION 36, 8.54.42N, 22.50.30U 1974SEP12.01 10Z 50 100 : - 150 - • : £ 200 cr CD a " 250 UJ CC £ 300 UJ CC Q_ : 1 r 1 SIGT -_ 350 - 400 : 450 - 500 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i PPT 33, DEGC 0, SIGT 22, 30 34, 5, 23, 34, 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25. 27. 36, 30, 28, 25 CJ 20 UJ or a: 00 15 111 J- sJ 111 ~1 1 1 ,4-- "i 1 — j_. - 4- * I 1 1 1 1 _ _i -H' — i 1 1 1 1_ _. j- - -| 1 1 1 r I l^-'l I J I ^ -I l_ 1 i_ I I ^ I I I I 23 23.5 24 24.5 2 5 25.5 26 26.5 2 7 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 43 STATION 37, 8 . 54 . 42N , 22 . 50. BOW 1 974SEP 1 2 . 02 1 OZ Or — i — i — i — i — | — p — r 50 100 150 <= 200 □ " 250 CO | 300 Q_ 350 400 450 50 0- ~i i i i | r i i i | ij i i — r 5IGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0, 5IGT 22, 3C _i i i i_ 34. 5. 23. j I i ' i i_ 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. j i ' i I i i i i I i i i i 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25. 27. 36 30 28 dS 20 DC — a. ^ 15 CL I 10 ~i i r~ 7T" n 1 1 r "i j - -i- r 1 1 1 1 r 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 5 L 33.5 ■ i i i I s I U l l .{ I I I ' i i-^l I I 1 L. 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) ii, 36.5 44 STATION 38 Or — i — i — i — i — |— n — r 54.42N.22.50.30W 1 974SEP 1 2 . 03 1 OZ 50 100 1 5 cc 200 cr CO o " 250 cc CO 300 LL 350 400 450 500 PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. i — r — i — r j I i i i i I i i i i I i i i 5IGT 34 5, 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. _1 I I I I L_ 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 2 5 20 LLJ DC Zj (— CC 02 IS o. UJ 10- - 1 1— — i 1 r l - h — i 1 — i 1 — r~— i f _i i i i I i ' i i i I i i '< i j i i ' I i i i i_ _1 I I L. 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 45 STATION 39, 8 . 54 . 42N, 22 . 50 . 30N 1974SEP 1 2 . 0430Z I - P i ' i I i i — i — i — | — r — i — i — i — i — n — i — i — i — | — i — n — i — r 50 100 150 £200 Q " 250 300 cc Q_ 350 400 450 500 PPT 33, DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. SIGT j i i i 1 i i i i_ 34, 5. 23. 34.5 10, 24, _l I I !_ 15, 15, 25, _l I I I I I I I L_ 35.5 20. 26. 35 25 27, 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 £ 20 00 15 5 LO i L . ■* - " | 1 1 1 1 — .|. ■ + " — i 1 1 1 1 J - -i — r "i L- J - '| 1 1 1 r 23 H23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 H26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 i i i i l ' ^' _i L I 'I 1_ I l" \ I I I I I . ' I 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SHI INITT (0/00) 36 36.5 46 STATION 40, 8.54. 42N, 22.50. 30H 1 974SEP 1 2 , 0520Z Or i i i i | p i i i | i i i i | i i i i | 7T i i i | i n i r 5 100 150 cc 200 cr QQ O " 250 UJ cc £ 300 cc 350 400 450 500- PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. j i i i I i i i i L SIGT 34, 5, 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15, 25 J I I I L _L_L. 3 5 . 5 20. 25. 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 2 LU CC \— (X P= 15 10 . !_ ~ -± •-■ " I 1 1 1 1 — J- t ■ i 1 1 — | r — i — r — i 1 1 1 1 .. i -| 1 1 1 r _i i i i_ i . - ~ i i i i i -f i j i i i ' I i i i i I i i_ 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 2 1 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 47 STATION 41, 8.54. 42N, 22.50. 30W 1 974SEP 1 2 . 0608Z 50 100 150 o= 200 □ ~ 250 UJ QC £ 300 UJ cm 350 400 450- 5 -i — i — i — ti~t 1 i i i i — | — i — i — i — i — | — n — r — i — ~i — f 1 r i SIGT PPT 33.5 34, DEGC 0. 5, SIGT 22. 23. J I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I L. 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3C l z £ 20 300 T / IS \SIGT LU CC 350 400 - - 450 ■ 500 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 51GT 22. 34, 5, 23, 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15, 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3 1 1 — i 1 _ j - — | 1 1 1 1 — j_ t — i 1 — i — | r— i — =r — i 1 1 1 — 1_ ,. i - '| 1 1 r 2 5 20 cr 1 1 5 10 'III I l - '"l I L. I I.I l_ J I I l_ _l I I L l l I I 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 52 5TRTIQN 46, 8 . 54 . 42N. 22. 50 . 30W 1 974SEP 1 2 . 1 1 00Z 0| — i — i — i — i — r 50 100 150 cc 200 CE GO CD " 250 LU CL ZD £ 300 LU a 350 400 450- 500 PPT 33 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 34 5, 23. i — i — i — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — n - ! — i — ■ — > — i — > — | i — r 5IGT j i i I i i_ 34.5 10. 24. ji i i i_ 35, 15, 25, _l I I L J 1_ i I i 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27, 36.5 30. 28. 30 25- 20 01 Z3 t-- cz 02 15 10- 1 1 1 r "T — I r - 1 1 1 _ j - -i- — i 1 r 23 2 3.5 24 24.5 H25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 5^ 33.5 _i i i l i -'I i i l i i ^i i i i i i i i i i i_ 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36. 5 53 5TRTI0N 47, 3.54. 42N.22.50.30W Or i i i i ] p i i r 197U5EP1 2. 1200Z 5: 100 150 a: 200 cr .22 □ ~ 250 UJ 00 £ 300 UJ en 350 nc : 450 500- PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. SIGT 22. - I I L 34, 5, 23. 34.5 10. 24. j i i I i i_ 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. SIGT j i ' i ' i I i i i i_ 36, 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3C 2 5 u 20 -, \— cr °R 15 10- -i — i — L - * " " I — ' — ' — ' — ' — 71 — r ~~' — i — ' — I — r ~i — ^ — ' — I — i — i — i _ ,. i _l 1 I L. I I ■> ''l l l I I I , f I I I I _l__l I l_ l I ,' l I I I 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 54 STAT I ON 48, 8 . 54 . 42N , 22 . 50 . 30M 19745EP12. 1245Z 0| r i i i p "i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r 25- cc a. CO O cc 5 7 5 en en UJ az o_ 100 125 150 SIGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. SIGT 22. _i i i i i i i i i_ 34 5 23, 34.5 10. 24. J I I I I I I I I I l I I I l I l L 35, 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36 25 27 3G 30 .5 3 1 — i — i — i ...I.- — | — i — i — i — i — j__ - 4- ■ - 1 — i — i — i — i _j -i — i i i i j_._j — i i i i <~—_ 25 u 20 DC n i— a 00 15 LU Q_ 10 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 2 1 27.5 28 28.5 r i i i i i i i , -'\ i i i i i . r i i i i i i ; i i i i i I , ' i i i — 1_ 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SRLINITT (0/00) 55 oc z: CD □ in en 25 50 ~5 i i r STATION 49, 03 . 54 . 42N , 22 . 50 . 30N 1 974SEP 1 2 , 1 407^ ' 1 i i i i I i i i i i i i — r — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — r .SIGT ai Q- 100 125 150h -j — i — i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i_ 3.5 34. 34.5 35. 35.5 35. 5. 10. 15. 20. 25. 5IGT 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 £20 a 01 15 0_ LlJ ] Q "i 1 1 r t 1 1 — 2 — ~ 1 ' ' ' 1 ' — .J ""' — ' 1 ' ' — J_- *■ ' I ' ' r cl i i i i_ 23 123.5 24 24. 5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 33, 34 'l I I I I I -f I I I I I t ' I I I I 1 1. I 1 1 L 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 56 STATION 51, 09. 1 1 .40N, 23. 12. 00W 1974SLP12. 1914Z 50 100 150 cc 200h CE I- g 25Ch LU CE ~> en a: - 300 1 350 - 400 - 450 500 i i i I I I i I i I I i I i I I I I I I I I I I I 1 1 I I I L PPT 33.5 34. 34.5 55. 35.5 36. OfGC 0. 5. 10. 15. 20. 25. 5IGT 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 30 36.5 30. 28. 25 20 cr °= 15 LU CL X" LU 10 "i 1 L--*-"' 'I ' ' ' — ' — J- - + — ' ' ' 1 1 „ J --I 1 — i 1 1 1 1 i '| 1 1 1 r 23 ^23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27.5 ^1 I I I I I 1,1 I I I I I cl l_ I i' \ I I I I _l 1 I l_ 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 57 STATION 53, 08 . 47 . OON , 23 . 1 2 . 20W 1 974SEP 1 3 . OOOOZ 0| — i — i — i — r— r 100 150 oc 200 cr ~ 250 LL1 QC | 300 UJ QC 1_ 350 400 450 500- j i i [_ PPT 33.5 34 DEGC 0. 5, 5IGT 22. 23. I I I I L 36.5 30. 28. 3 25 20 DC a ^ 15 . ■: .!_-'• I r "i — j. - t 1 1 1 1 1 . .1 - -i i | i r "i — 1 — r _u i i i_ I i i -f i I i_ J l I I L. I I I l_ 123 2 3.5 24 24.5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 58 Oi — i — i — r STATION 54. 08 . 36 . 50N , 23 . 1 2 . 70W 1 974SEP 1 3 . 02 1 OZ 50 100 150 o= 200 n CD o " 250 LU a: £ 300 LU cc 350 400 450 500 PPT 33, DEGC 0, 5IGT 22. 30 25 CD uj 20 CL 00 15 III l ** 10 ~i i r i i i i 33.5 28.5 J L I l_ 34. 5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36.5 59 n STATION 55. 08 . 25 . 90N . 23 . 1 3 . 40k 1 974SEP 1 3 . 0440Z Or i i i — i — | — n — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r 50- 100- 150- Q= 200 CE cr " 250 £ 300h 350- 400- 450- 500- i i i | i r i — i — | — i — r — r i i i _i L PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 34. 5, 23. 36.5 30. 28. 3 1 1 1 1 — i 1 r 25 ^ 20 ^ 15 10 t 1 1 — j.. .. v — i 1 1 1 1 J- -i — I 1 1 1 1_.. i | 1 r ^^23 23.5 24 24. 5 - l r -125.5 i . ^26 i I 25.5 27 27.5 Cl_J 1 1 1_ 13.5 3.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 i i . i" i i I i ii'i I i i i i ' I i i i i L — i — i — 1_ 35 SALINITY (0/00) 60 28 28.5 STATION 56, 08 . 29 . 49N , 23 . 02 . 26W 1 974SEP 1 3 . 0700Z 50 100 150 cc 200 CE GO □ 0_ 250 300 350 400 450 500 ~\ — i — i — r PPT 33, DEGC 0, 5IGT 22. 30 25 _1 I I L 34, 5, 23, 36. 5 30. 28. u ID 20 DC =j I — cr 01 15 Q_ 3: UJ 10 "i I I . i -■ | i i r t~ | I . i - -i- r i i i i _L i .-r i I i i i i-'' I i i i i 1 , '' i i — l 23 23.5 24 24.5 2 5 25.5 26 26.5 2 7 27.5 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 61 36 36.5 STATION 57, 08 . 29 . i*9N , 23 . 02 . 26N 1 974SEP 1 3 . 08 32Z i i i i I i i i i | i — i — i — i — I — i — i — i — i — I — r DC cr CO □ : z c ] 75 EC in UJ ol 100 125 150- i i i I i i i r PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. j i i i i i i i _L L 5IGT 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. _i L 35, 15, 25 _i i i i_ 35.5 20. 26. j i i i i i i i_ 36, 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30i — i — i i _ j | 2 5 o -20 az Z> h— DC ^ 15 10 -i 1 1 — -j- — v — r "i r l-i 1 1 1 1 r — r— | 1 1 1 r 23 23.5 24 214.5 2 5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 r l ' i i i i I i , 'l i i I i i.l I I I I I J— I 1 1 1 1 L — I 1 1 L. 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SfiLlNITf (0/00) 62 STATION 58, 08. 54 . 42N , 22 . 50. 30N 1 974SEP 1 4 , 737Z Oi i i i i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i— — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r cc CE CO O 2 5 5 7 5 cc ID en to LU cc a- 100 125 150- PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. I I I I I I I I I I I 34. 5, 23. 34.5 10. 24. j I i i i i I i_ 35, 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 35. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 20 ID CC P= 15 10 "i L ^ I i r ~ T -i 1 1 1 , J - - i - — i 1 1 1 L- i I ' ' r .-2 J I I I I L J I ^J I I I I I i I I I I L. I I I l_ 23 23.5 24 24.5 25.5 26 26.5 2 7 27.5 -28.5 33.5 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 63 Qi-t 22 C3 25 5 ~5 - IOC 125 150- STflTIQN 59, 08.54.42N, 22.50. 30W 1 9 74SEP 1 4 , 0858Z i i I i i i i | i — i — i — i — | — T — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r 5IGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. _l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I L 34 5, 23, 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15, 25, j L 35.5 20. 26. 36 25 27, 36.5 30. 28. 3 25 £ 20 22 22 — 2 00 15 UJ o. 10 i 1 1 r -| r~ — i 1 1 1 1 T. — I 1 1 1 1 1 1 — ^-f 2 < 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 i i i i I ii i i I i ' ■ l i 1 I I I i I I 1 1 1 L — I 1 1 1_ 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 64 STATION 60, 08.54.42N,22.50.30W 1 974SEP 1 4 . 0952Z Oi — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r 25 50 CO 'X CO o 75 LXJ cr => en to UJ CT Q_ 1UU 125 150- SIGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. SIGT 22. 30 34. 5. 23. J I I I I I I I I I I l_ J. I l l 34. -j 10. 24. 35 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36 25 27 25 u ID 20 DC 13 I— CT ^ 15 III l •-> 10 "i 1 — x - I 1 r |.. - + 1 1 1 1 1 _i - -i 1 1 1 1 1_ ,i-- J \ 36 28 .5 23 - 23 — 24 24 25 c 25. 26 5 . 26. 5 J I I 1_ J I J I I I I I l_ J I I I.I I I L ,'" 7 27.5 28.5 33.5 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 38.5 65 , STATION 61. 08.54. 42 N, 22.50. 30N 1974SEP 1 4 . 1 058Z i i i i I i i i i | i i i r— | — i — i — i 1 — | 1 1 — i 1 1" — i 1 — i — r I CO C2 21 25 5 75 IT) i_ cc Q- 100 125 150- SIGT PPT 33, DEGC 0. 5IGT 22, 30 illl I I I I I 1 I I I I 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27, 36.5 30. 28. 2 5 2 >— CI 01 15 a. 10 -i 1 1 r "i 1 1 [~ — r — i 1 1 1 1 j . -r — i 1 1 1 1 1 — t 1 r _i i L 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 34 l I I I , f l I l l l l ' I l I ' l I I I I L 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 66 STATION 62, 08 . 54 . 42N , 22 . 50 . 30W 1 974SEP 1 4 . 1 1 58Z CE QD CD CO CO 25 50 75 cc o- 100 125 150- "i — i — i — r "i — i — i — i — | — r i — i — i — r ~\ — i — i — i — | — i — i — r — r SIGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. SIGT 22. 30 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10, 24. _i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i_ 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25 27 36.5 30. 28. 25 en 20 (X 00 15 10 i 1 1 ., 4 - — | 1 1 1 1 — | .. t — i 1 1 — i 1 j - i — i 1 r ~i — t 1 1 1 r 23 2 3.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 r I i i i i I i.i i i I i i I i I i i i i I i i i i 1 i i i i 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 67 STATION 63, 03 . 54 . 42N , 22. 50 . 30N 1974SEP1U. 1U14Z ' i i i I i i i i | i i i — r - 1 — t — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r i CD 2E 50- 75 en LU Q- 100 125 150 PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i I i i i i I i i i i_ 34 5, 23, 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3 Oi 1 1 1 1 — -] r 25 u ■--■ n 1 — —i 1 1 r "i — i 1 — | — i 1 — i . i — | 1 1 1 r 2 a 00 15 a. I ] i I l i l l I I l I l I l I I I I I 1 1 1 L 1 1 L 36 23 2 3.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SRL I N I T r (0/00) 36.5 68 STATION 64 , 08.54.42N.22.50.30W 1 974SEP m , 1 459Z Oi — r i i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r^ — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r cr CD o 25 50 75 IX ZD ■ ~~l I 1 - -I I I I I I 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 r- I ' l l l l I l . - l l l I l l . f l I I I I J ' I 1 1 1 1 U_J 1 1 1_ 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SOL IN I T f (0/00) 74 STATION 70, 08.56. 07N, 22.46. 03N 1 974SEP 1 6 . 0351 Z 0| i i i i |—n — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — |r— r 50 100 150 o= 200 0Q o J 250 LU en => S 300 UJ cc 350 WO 450- 500- 5IGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. j i i i I i i i i i i i i i I i i i i 34, 5, 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25. 27. j i i i_ 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 £ 20 CE F, 15 Q_ 21 LU 10 L- -i "I r T I _ - +■ I 1 I I J - - 1 I I r ~ r- i i i i I i . _i i S i I i i_ _i i i i_ 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 ?J 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 75 STATION 71 Or — i — : — i — i — |- 08.29.49N.2 3.02.26W 1 974SEP 1 7 , 2220Z 50 100 150 oc 200 cr □ " 250f- £ 300 350h 400 450 5 5? PPT 33^ DEGC 0, 5IGT 22. I I I 34 5, 23. i i i i_ 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 u 2 n ^ 15 iii * --' 1C i 1 r— t 1 1 1 1 1 — i - 4- — i 1 1 1 1 j -i' — i i i i i r ' l I ' -■'"' I L l l . f l I I l l i ' I I I I I I , ' I I 1 1_ 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33, 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 76 36 36.5 STATION 72, 08 . 29 . 49N , 23 . 02 . 26W 1 9745EP 1 8 . 0008Z 50 100 150 cc 200 CD LU □ UJ i '''S-'^'''L----''^'C-----''''''rV^'''''! 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 01 15h 10 J I I I I L I I 1_ -I I I l_ I I 1 J I I l l I _l J J L. 2 1 21. 5 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 77 36 36.5 STATION 74 , 09. 4 1. 10N.19.55.40W 1 974SEP 1 9 . 1 455Z T~~l | i i "I I 1 i i i — : 1 — t — i 1 1 — i — i 1 — i 1 1 1 — i — i — r _ cc DC CI 25 50 75 cc Q- 100 125 150- 5IGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 3C j i i i l i i i i l i i i i_ 34, 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15, 25. j i i i_ i i i 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27. 36.5 30. 28. ^ c . 20 — ^ 15 1C ~i i i i | i i i i : r~ v -| r— r— r i | r -t— -r— i r i I i - i i i I ' if i I i i 1 — 34 34.5 35 SALINITY (0/00) 78 i i i i i i i i 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 35.5 ;i 36.5 STATIO N 75, 09. 41 . 1 ON, 19. 55. HOW 1974SEP1 9, 1526Z 0| — i i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — I — i — i — i — i — | — r — i — i — r CC d Qj LI 25 50 75 CO 01 LLl cc Q_ 100 125 150- t — i — i — I — i — i — i — r PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. SIGT j I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i_ 34, 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3 25 20 cc ZJ I— IT 01 15 Cl T LU 10 ~i i I .. J I I I I I 1 .. + — I 1 r I 1 1 1_ .. J-- | 1 1 1 r -I I I I L I l l J I I Ll_l l_ j L i i ; l. 23 23.5 24 2L4.5 25. 5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28.5 33.5 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SPLINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 79 . STATION 76. 09 . 41 . ION, 1 9 . 55 . 40W 1 974SEP 1 9 . 1 537Z [ ' ' r-p — I — i — i — ' — i — T — i — i — r cr o 25 L 75- aL 100 125 150- J I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I L_ PPT 33.5 34. DEGC 0. 5. SIGT 22. 23. 34.5 10, 24 35, 15, 25 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27. i i i i_ 30 ^5 \a 20 - ^ 15 0_ -i 1 — -] 1 1 1 1 1 — i 1 1 1 1 r— I 1 1 1 1 1 r — r — | 1 1 1 r 36 30 . r :' 2 3 23. 5 24 24. 5 25 25. 5 26 26. 5 ! I I I I I I I I 1 I I I i ' ' I I I 1 1 1 1 1 L 34.5 35 35.5 36 SALINITY (0/00) 2 / 27.5 2H 28.5 36.5 80 n STATI ON 77, 09 . 4 1 . 40N, 1 9 . 54 . 90W 1 974SEP 1 9 . 1 556Z 0| — i i r~n 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 r a: CO HO 11 1 a CD 25 50 75 t 100 125 150 PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. J I I L 34. 5. 23. i — i — i — | — i — : — i — i — | — i — i — r — r SIGT J i i i i I i i i i_ 34.5 10, 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27, j i i i_ 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 u o 20 DC ZD I— cx 00 15 10 i .. -X - - 1 1 r J—r n 1 — | 1 1 — 1 1 i 1 . - i ■-■! r 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 r l i i i i I ii 33.5 34 J l I I L I I I I I i-1 I I i ' i I I I I I I 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SRLINITT (0/00) 81 STATION 76, 09.m .60N. 19.54. 70W 1974 5EP19. 1626Z ' |— T n T ' i i i | i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — i — i — i — i — r .id □ 25 50 "5 en -■ en en UJ CO a- 100 125 150 FPT 33, DEGC 0. SIGT 22. SIGT i i i i i i i i i t i i i i i 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35 15 25, 35.5 20. 26. j i i i i i i i i_ 36, 25, 27, 36.5 30. 28. 30 c r - -20 cr 01 15 c n 1 r — i — | — i — i — i — i — r~~* — ' — • — i — I — i _ .1 ■ "> — I — r i_ i I 1 1 1 r 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 126 26.5 2 1 27. 5 28 28.5 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i_ I i i i i l — 1_ 34.5 35 35.5 36 SALlNITf I0/00J 36.5 82 STATION 79. 09 . 41 . 90N , 1 9 . 54 . 30W 1 974SEP 1 9 . 1S55Z a: CE 00 O 25 5 75 en en en LU az a- 100 125 150 "i i - — i | i i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r SIGT J I I I I 1 I I L_ PPT 33.5 34, DEGC 0. 5, SIGT 22. 23. 30 34.5 10. 24. I I I I I I I I I I 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 I 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26, 36, 25, 27. 36.5 30. 28. 25 20- -i 1 1 .. J ■- /| 1 r |,. . t ■ i 1 1 1 1 __ j - - 1 — r TTi — t 1 1 r ~J I— CE 00 15 a. ■ oh _i I i _i i i_ -i l i I i i i i_ I i _1 I I I L 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 : j g 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33. 5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 83 STATION 80, 09.42 . 2QN, 19.53. 90W 1974SEP19. 1758Z I i ' ' ' I i r~\ — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r .r a: m □ 25 50 75 CD UJ C£ a- 100 125 150 PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 1 I 1 I I I 1 I 1 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. j i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i_ 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3 D 25 20 DC ex ^ 15 LU Q. 10 -i 1 1 r= — | 1 1 1 1 — i * — i 1 1 — | 1 j - -[■ — i 1 r i i i -| 1 1 1 r 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 ■26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 I I J I I I I 1 I I I . 1 I I I I | i_ | | I 1 1 L — I 1 1 L 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 3 i. SALINITY (0/00) 84 STATION 81, 09.L12.90 N, 19.52.70N 1 974SEP 1 9, 1955Z 0| i i ' i I i i i i I i — i — i — r~H — i — i — i — i — 1 — i — i — i — i — I — i — i — i — r cc cr CD a 25 50 75 cr Z3 tn en UJ cc a- 100 125 150- PPT 33, DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. j i i i I i i i i_ 34, 5, 23, 34.5 10. 24. 35 15, 25, _i i i L 35.5 20. 26. J I I I I I L. 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 u 20 a" cr ^ 15 10 1 1 1 r i _. j - i — i 1 1 — r - T r 2 3 23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 5t — i — i — i — i — I — l i i i i i i j i i i i i i i i i i i i , - 1 i i — 1_ 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SRLINITY (0/00) 85 D STATION 82. 09.43. ION. 19.52.60W 1 974SEP 1 9. 20 10Z - i i i i i i i i i i 1 i i i i i i i 1 1 : - 25 - - 50 - CD O - - PRESSURE O -J - t/ /s \sigt - 125 - - 150 i Ill 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. SIGT 22. 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35 15, 25, 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 25 -20 01 15 1 1 i l J : | . 4 1 1 1 1 1 j - -i 1 1 1 1 1 r— ] r ! . i I i . 'i i i i i ' - r i | — i 1 1 — i — I — l 34 34.5 35 35.5 i i i i_ 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 86 STATION 83, 09 . 43 . 20N, 1 9. 52 . 40W 1 974SEP 1 9. 2025Z cc cc CO O CC 25 so 75 en en UJ cc o- 100 125 150- 1 | i i i i | i i i i | i i i i i i i i | i i i r 5IGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. SIGT 22. 30 J I I I I I I I I I I I L 34, 5, 23, 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15, 25, 35.5 20. 26. j i i i i i i i i_ 36. 25. 27. 36.5 30. 28. 25 20 LC I— CL 01 15 CL LU 10 -i r— r i—i 1 r "l — j_, - + — I 1 1 1 1 _ J -■ -l- ' 1 1 1 r — I — t 1 1 r ct i i i i 1 u i i i_ j i i i I i i — i — i- J I L I I L 23 23.5 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 3 4 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00i 87 36 36.5 STATION 84, 09. 143. 30N, 19 .52. 52W 1 974SEP 1 9. 2040Z — p I i i i i | i i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — r~ a 25 5C 75 CC '-" az a- 100 125 150- i — | — i — i — i — r i i i I i i SIGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. SIGT 22. 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10, 24. j i i i_ 35. 15, 25. _l I I I I I I I I I I I L_ 35.5 20. 26. 3b, 25, 27, 36.5 30. 28. 3 1 — i — i — \ i i — i — i — i — i — z\ — n — ' — ' — ' — I — L.-- 1 - ' — ' — I — ' — ' — -'-- J I — ' — r l^ £ 20 i.i I J 1C 23 23.5 24 24.5 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 5 1 — L 3 c i I i'i ' ■ I I I ■ f I 1 1 1 L _l I Li 1 1 L. 33 34 34.5 35 35, SRLINITT (0/00) 36 36.5 38 STATI ON 85, 09 . 43. 50N , 1 9 . 5 1 . 90k 1 974SEP 1 9 . 2055Z 0| i i i t | i — i — i — i — I — i — i — i — r LL a CD 25 50 75 a r> en ,r, UJ cc o_ 100 125 150 i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — r SIGT PPT 33 DEGC SIGT 22. 34, 5. 23. J I I I L_ _L 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. j i i i i i i i i_ 36, 25, 27. 36.5 30. 28. 30 ID £ 20 CE 00 15 t 1 1 — |, - f — i 1 1 1 1 __i.-- i - — i 1 1 1 1 — -i — i 1 1 r J I I I I I J_ J I 1 I I I I L J I I L_ 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY 10/00) 36 36.5 89 STATION 36, 09.t 43.60N, 19.51.70W 1974SEP1 9.21 10Z ' i P I i i i i — l — r — i — i — |— l — r-p — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — r DC I 00 □ 2E 5 75 oc in _ CO Q- 100 125 150 FPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 34 5, 23. J i i i i I i i i i I i i i i L 34.5 10. 24. 35, 15, 25. 35.5 20. 26. SIGT 36, 25, 27. j i I i i i i_ 36 30, 28. 30 ~i i i p n 1 1 1 — | - ♦ i 1 1 1 1 . .i - - 1 1 1 1 1 r — i — *i 1 1 r 25- «-» r o I 3 01 15 III A ** 1C 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 i ' l l l I l if I I I 1 L l '" I I l ' I I I I I L. 34 34.5 35 35.5 SRLINITT (0/00) 36 36.5 90 STATION 87. 09 .i43.70N, 19.51.50W 1 974SEP 1 9 . 2 1 25Z 0| i i i ji | i i i i — | — i — i — i — i — c — i — p — i — r cc a □ U J a en 25 50 75 DC o- 100 125 150 l — i — | — i — i — i — r PPT 33.5 34. DEGC 0. 5. SIGT 22. 23. 5IGT _i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i_ 34. 5 35 10. 15 24. 25 35.5 35, 20. 25, 26. 27, 36. 5 30. 28. 30 25 20 d 02 15 III *■ -> 10- t 1 j - ■ | 1 1 1 1 — j" — r~~\ 1 i 1 1 — j .. -i — i 1 1 1 1 .. i - | 1 1 r r l ' i i i i I i.i i i I i i 1 i I i i _1 I I l,l I 1 L 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 3«J 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 91 STATION 36, 09 . 43 . SON , 1 9 . 5 1 . 30H 1974SEP 1 9. 21 40Z ' i I i i i i i i t — i — i — | — i — i — i — r — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — r q: □ en 25- 5C 75 cc o_ 100 125 150- SIGT I 1 I I I I I I I ) I I PPT 33.5 34. DEGC 0. 5. SIGT 22. 23. 30 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. j L 36, 25, 27. 36.5 30. 28. 25- 2 a ^ 15 DL 1C -i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. + — i 1 r -i — j - 1 r i i i ~] i i r 23 2 3.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 i i i I i - • i i i l i i . r i I i i i i ' I i i i i I i — _i — i — l 34 34.5 SALINITY (0/00! 92 STATIO N 89. 09 . 43 . 90N , 19. 5 1 . 20W 1 974 SEP1 9 . 2 1 55Z Oi — i i i — i — | — i — r — t — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i i r cc i— cr 01 15 10 j_. v ■ i i i i j - -\- r -t— i -\ r i i i i I i-i i i I i i .r i I i i i i I 1 1 1 — i U_i 1 — L 23 23.5 24 24. 5 25 25.5 26 26.5 ? I 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 97 STATION 94. Q9.44.6 0N, 19.50.il0H 1 974SEP 1 9 . 23 10Z i i I i i i i | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i— i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r r CD — 25 50 75 - 2: ioo 125 150 5IGT i i t i j_ i i i PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 34. 5. 23. J i i i i_ 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. j i i i I i__i i_ 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27. I 1 I 36.5 .in. 28. 30 ^z 20 ^ 15 10 -I 1 r— r t i I j... -■ \- i i r "1 _l H I | I i i.i c l i I i i_ I ' -"' I I I I L_^i l_ i' I I I 1_ 23 23.5 24 24.5 2 5 25.5 ■ 'I:, 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SRLINlTf (0/00) i - ' i i i i_ 36 36.5 98 STATION 95 , 09. 44 . 60N, 1 9 . 50 . 40W 1 974SEP 1 9 . 2325Z 0| i i r— i | i i — i — i — I — i — i — i — |— -i — i — i — i — i — I — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — r cc •I CO I"! Li I 1L 25 50 75 CO co LU CC a- 100 125 150- SIGT .J J L I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I JL PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. 34. 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24. 35. 15. 25. 35.5 20. 26. 36. 25. 27. 30 25 20 cr 02 15 a. 1U n 1 1 ... i '| i i i i t f i i i | i . a - •- 1' i | i i i„ . i | i i r 36 30 28 5 23 - ' 23. 24 5 24 25 5 25. 5 26 26. 5 5 L 33.5 I l l I 1 I I I I I I L I I l 1 I l I ' l.i I J L . J ' 7 27.5 28 28.5 34 34.5 3 [ S-RLINin 35.5 36 36. 5 (0/00) 99 STATION 96. Q9.i44.SON, 19.50.40W 19 74SEP19.2340Z i " I i i i i l — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — r — i — | — i — i — r DC 3 in 25 50 75 en in CO a. 100 125 150- 5IGT FPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 34 5. 23. 34.5 10. 24, 35 15 25 35.5 20. 26. 36, 25, 27, I 1 I 36.5 30. 28. 3 25- 20 ^ 15 a. 10 ~i — i — i i i — i — i — i — i — i — i — i — r 1 1 1 1 1 1 r 23 2 3.5 24 2 4.5 25 25.5 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 33.5 l I [ , ' \ l I I I I f ' i I I I I 1 ' 1 I 1 1 1 L_J L 1 L. 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 36.5 SALINITY (0/00) 100 STATION 97, 09 . 44 . 60N , 19. 50 . 40W 1 974SEP 1 9 . 2355Z Oi — i — i — i— i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i — n — i — i — n — i — i — | — i — i — i — i — | — i — i — i CE CQ Q en 2 5 5 75 cc o- 100 125 150- SIGT PPT 33.5 DEGC 0. 5IGT 22. J I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I I L 34, 5. 23. 34, 10, 24. 35. 15. 25. 35, 20. 26. 36, 25, 27. 36.5 30. 28. 3 25 CD 20 01 15 Q_ 10 "1 1 1 -J- -''I 1 1 1 1 — J- - *■ i . i - - 1 — r n i ~v 1 1 1 1 r j i i i_ i /i i j I i i S. i I i i i — t_J 1 1 1_ 23 23.5 24 24.5 2 5 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 3 3.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 SALINITY (0/00) 36 36.5 tVU.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:1976— 677-347 / 1296 REGION NO. 8 101 LABOR AT ORIES The mission of the Environmental Research Laboratories (ERL) is to conduct an integrated program of fundamental research, related technology development, and services to improve understanding and prediction of the geophysical environment comprising the oceans and inland waters, the lower and upper atmosphere, the space environment, and the Earth. The following participate in the ERL missions: MESA Marine EcoSystems Analysis Program. Plans, directs, and coordinates the regional projects of NOAA and other federal agencies to assess the effect of ocean dumping, municipal and industrial waste discharge, deep ocean mining, and similar activities on marine ecosystems. OCSEA Oufer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program. Plans, directs, and coordinates research of federal, state, and private institutions to assess the primary environmental impact of developing petroleum and other energy resources along the outer continental shelf of the United States. WM Weather Modification Program Office. Plans, directs, and coordinates research within ERL relating to precipitation enhancement and mitigation of severe storms. Its National Hurricane and Experimental Meteorology Laboratory (NHEML) studies hurricane and tropical cumulus systems to experiment with methods for their beneficial modification and to develop techniques for better forecasting of tropical weather. The Research Facilities Center (RFC) maintains and operates aircraft and aircraft instrumentation for research programs of ERL and other govern- ment agencies. AOML Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories. Studies the physical, chemical, and geological characteristics and processes of the ocean waters, the sea floor, and the atmosphere above the ocean. PMEL Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. Monitors and predicts the physical and biological effects of man's activities on Pacific Coast estuarine, coastal, deep-ocean, and near-shore marine environments. GLERL Greaf Lakes Environmental Research Labora- tory. Studies hydrology, waves, currents, lake levels, biological and chemical processes, and lake-air interaction in the Great Lakes and their watersheds; forecasts lake ice conditions. GFDL Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. Studies the dynamics of geophysical fluid systems (the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, and the cryosphere) through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation using power- ful, high-speed digital computers. APCL Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry Labora- tory. Studies cloud and precipitation physics, chemical and particulate composition of the atmosphere, atmospheric electricity, and atmospheric heat transfer, with focus on developing methods of beneficial weather modification. NSSL National Severe Storms Laboratory. Studies severe-storm circulation and dynamics, and develops techniques to detect and predict tornadoes, thunderstorms, and squall lines. WPL Wave Propagation Laboratory. Studies the propagation of sound waves and electro- magnetic waves at millimeter, infrared, and optical frequencies to develop new methods for remote measuring of the geophysical environment, ARL Air Resources Laboratories. Studies the diffusion, transport, and dissipation of atmos- pheric pollutants; develops methods of predicting and controlling atmospheric pollu- tion; monitors the global physical environment to detect climatic change. AL Aeronomy Laboratory. Studies the physical and chemical processes of the stratosphere, ionosphere, and exosphere of the Earth and other planets, and their effect on high-altitude meteorological phenomena. SEL Space Environment Laboratory. Studies solar-terrestrial physics (interplanetary, mag- netospheric, and ionospheric), develops tech- niques for forecasting solar disturbances; provides real-time monitoring and forecasting of the space environment. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration BOULDER, COLORADO 80302 PENN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AD0DD?EDE17fil