cia-cii DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY COMPENSATION FOR INJURIES TO EMPLOYEES OF THE UNITED STATES ARISING FROM ACCIDENTS OCCURRING BETWEEN AUGUST 1, 1908, AND JUNE 30, 1911 REPORT OF OPERATIONS UNDER THE ACT OF MAY 30, 1908 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1913 T C1.1--C7:* DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY COMPENSATION FOR INJURIES TO EMPLOYEES OF THE UNITED STATES ARISING FROM ACCIDENTS OCCURRING BETWEEN AUGUST 1, 1908, AND JUNE 30, 1911 REPORT OF OPERATIONS UNDER THE ACT OF MAY 30, 1908 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1913 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://archive.org/details/compensationforiOOunit CONTENTS. Page. Letter of transmittal 5-8 Introduction 9-16 Life-Saving Service 9,10 Railway Mail Service 10, 11 Bills for a general act 11, 12 Act of May 30, 1908 12-14 Amending acts 14-16 Analysis of law of May 30, 1908, as amended 16-18 Procedure under the law 18 Interpretation of the law 18-31 Classes of persons covered 19-21 Departments and branches of service 21, 22 Hazardous employments 22, 23 Excluded services and employments 23, 24 Fundamental principles 24 Injury and accident 24, 25 Course of employment 25, 26 Negligence or misconduct 26, 27 Administrative details 27-30 Miscellaneous questions 3°, 31 Statistical operations 31-86 Persons covered by the law 31, 32 Period covered by report 32 Summary of accidents reported and accidents compensated 33 Accidents, by departments and branches of service 34-36 Fatal accidents 36 Claims for compensation 37 Claims for compensation disallowed 38, 39 Amount of compensation paid 39-42 Act of May 30, 1908 39, 40 Act of February 24, 1909 40, 41 Liie-Saving Service 41 Railway Mail Service 42 Rates of pay of injured employees 42-46 Causes of accidents 47-53 Duration of disability 54-59 Duration of disability and causes of accidents reported 59-71 Duration of disability and amount of compensation 72, 73 Nature of injury 73, 74 Nature of injury and duration of disability 74-77 Nature of injury and causes of accidents reported 77 Nature of injury and amount of compensation 78-83 Survivors in cases of fatal accidents reported 83-86 3 4 CONTENTS. Page. Table I. — Fatal and nonfatal accidents reported and number of claims for compensation received and number allowed and disallowed, by departments, services, and establishments 87-92 II. — Claims for compensation disallowed for each specified reason, by departments, services, and establishments 93-96 III. — Cost of compensation for fatal and nonfatal injuries, by depart- ments, services, and establishments 97-100 IV. — Number of fatal and nonfatal compensated and noncompensated cases of employees who received each classified rate of pay on a yearly basis, by departments, services, and establishments. . . 101-120 V. — Number of accidents reported from each specified cause, by departments, services, and establishments 121-139 VI. — Number of cases reported in which the duration of disability was each classified number of days, by causes of injury 140-147 VII. — Cost of compensation for fatal and nonfatal injuries, by classified days of duration 148, 149 VIII. — Number and per cent of compensated and noncompensated cases and number and per cent of total accidents reported, by nature of injuries 150-155 IX. — Number of cases reported of injury of specified nature in which duration of disability was each classified number of days for Isthmian Canal Commission and for other departments and for compensated and noncompensated cases 156-185 X. — Number of accidents reported which resulted from each specified cause, by nature of injuries 186-211 XI. — Number of cases of nonfatal accidents which received each classi- fied amount of compensation, by nature of injuries 212-229 Appendix. — Regulations concerning the duties of employees, official supe- riors, and medical officers 231-234 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Labor, Washington, February 27, 1913. Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith a report upon the opera- tions of the Federal workmen's compensation act of May 30, 1908, providing for compensation for accidental injuries to certain em- ployees of the United States. This act came into effect August 1, 1908, and the report presents data for the first three completed years of its operations. As enacted, this law covered artisans and laborers in manufacturing establish- ments, arsenals, and navy yards, river and harbor and fortification work, the reclamation of arid lands, and hazardous employment under the Isthmian Canal Commission. It was later extended to include all employees under the Isthmian Canal Commission and to take in employees in the Bureau of Mines, the Lighthouse Service, and the Forestry Service engaged in hazardous employment, and is estimated to embrace at the present time approximately 95,000 persons, or one-fourth of the civilian employees of the United States. The law is a pioneer one in this country as a general compensation measure, though a form of compensation had been allowed for injured railway mail clerks and employees in the Life-Saving Service for some years. While differing in form from the compensation laws enacted in the States, it must be regarded as having had a measure of influence in the direction of the enactment of such legislation, and since the enactment of this law 16 States have made provision for compensation in some form or other. The administration of this act is committed to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, the consequent duties in connection therewith being performed in a large measure by the Bureau of Labor. An amendment of the act bearing date of March 4, 1911, transferred the duty of administration, so far as affects employees of the Isthmian Canal Commission, to the chairman of that commission; as a matter of statistical completeness, however, the operations under the act on the Isthmus are annually reported to the Department of Commerce and Labor and are combined with the reports of operations in other establishments. 5 6 LETTEE OF TEANSMITTAL. The number of accidents reported in all departments during the first year (11 months) was 4,887, for. the second year 6,987, rising to 9,159 in the third year, making a total of 21,033 for the three years. Of the total number of accidents 670 were reported as fatal, the numbers for the three years being 233, 231, and 206, respectively. Approximately 10 per cent of these fatalities were in occupations not subject to compensation under this or any other law. The number of claims increased from 1,818 for the first year to 3,153 for the third, the total for the period covered by the report being 7,625. Of this total, 7,158 were allowed and 467 were disallowed. The total paid out as compensation amounted to $959,616.32. The pay- ments for the first year (11 months) were approximately $243,000, for the second year $336,000, and for the third year $380,000. The basis of the accident reporting is much broader than that for compensation, the Secretary of Commerce and Labor having made a request of all Government offices that they should report cases of accident arising in the course of employment causing disability for one day or longer. Nearly one-half of the accidents and of the com- pensation paid refer to employment under the Isthmian Canal Commission, with its 25,000 to 30,000 employees, largely unskilled, and working under conditions involving a high degree of hazard. The law is restricted not only to certain classes of employment, but also to accidents causing disability in excess of 15 days. Injuries resulting from the negligence or misconduct of the injured person are not compensated, and claims on account of death must be filed within 90 days. It is obvious that employees in establishments not covered by the provisions of the act will refrain from making claims for compensation when that fact is known, so that the number of claims submitted will be affected to some extent by the injured per- son's estimate as to the probability of his securing relief in this way. Thus, of the number of claims rejected on account of the occupation not being covered by the act, there were 45 in the first year, 34 in the second, and 28 in the third, while failure to furnish sufficient evidence to support the claim was the ground for rejecting 15 claims the first year, 47 claims the second year, and 87 in the third. Negligence or misconduct of the injured workman prevented recovery in 65 cases during the three years. The basis of compensation payments is the injured workman's wages, the amount awarded being the same as the rate of such wages daring disability, not exceeding one year, or in fatal cases, an amount equal to one year's wages of the deceased workman. The amount paid for fatal cases approximates 18 per cent of the total number, the average payment per fatal case being $704 for the first year, $633 for the second, and $596 for the third. For nonfatal compensated acci- LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. 7 dents the average amount paid the first year was $121, for the second year $113, and for the third year $114. The Isthmian Canal Com- mission is chargeable with by far the largest amount of costs for com- pensation, the Navy Department ranking next, the Engineer Depart- ment of the War Department standing third, and the Reclamation Service fourth. The distribution of costs on the basis of the period of disability for the third year shows approximately 42 per cent of all costs expended for injuries causing disability for not over three months, while cases lasting three months but not over six months absorbed 9.4 per cent of the amount paid for compensation for the year. Cases causing disability for more than 6 months required 32.7 per cent of the total amount, while fatal cases required but 16 per cent of the total cost. By reason of the fact that compensation for nonfatal accidents ter- minates on the recovery of the injured person to an extent sufficient to allow him to resume work, but little can be determined from the data of this report as to the results of accidents causing permanent partial disability, nor is there any accurate information as to the effects of accidents causing a disability for over one year, since at the end of the compensation period, which can not exceed one year, the accounts of the injured persons are closed and no further record kept of them, so far as this act is concerned. While a very considerable number of serious injuries were debarred from compensation under this act because of the restrictions of its applications, the failure to recognize permanent partial disability on a different basis from disability from which complete recovery may be anticipated, results in very inadequate compensation of such cases. Thus fractures of an arm or leg led to payments in amounts less than $25, the loss of an eye in amounts varying between $25 and $50, and in a case of the loss of a right arm the injured workman was entitled to a payment of less than $50, while in three cases of the loss of both legs, occurring during the third year, the average compensation was $377.40. These small amounts were due to the fact that compensation payments (limited to usual wages) must cease when the injured employee is able to resume work, and in any case can not continue beyond 12 months. In view of the wide, range of employments covered by the act it is but natural to expect to find a large variety of causes of accident. The use of railroad transportation in work on the Isthmus cooperates with the hazards of railway employees to make railway operations the leading cause of accident. One of the most frequent causes of injury is the collapse and fall of materials, while falls of the person injured are likewise a very frequent cause. The use of hand tools and simple instruments ranks above the use of working machinery using power as 8 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. a cause of injury, but this is doubtless due to the fact that the number of workers with such tools is much larger than the number of machine workers. Considering the report as a whole, it is of special interest as show- ing the results of the operations of a law which was enacted to relieve the situation of a class of employees who were without legal redress, and which, despite its incompleteness, has been one of great benefit to a very considerable number of injured employees and their dependents. Very respectfully, G. W. W. Hanger, Acting Commissioner. Hon. Charles Nagel, Secretary of Commerce and Labor. COMPENSATION FOR ACCIDENTS TO EMPLOYEES OF THE UNITED STATES. INTRODUCTION. By the act of May 30, 1908 (35 U. S. Stat. L., p. 556), entitled "An act granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their employment," the United States Government established a system of compensation for industrial accidents for the majority of its industrial employees, this being the first general accident com- pensation law in this country. However, the principle of accident compensation had been recognized much earlier in regard to certain groups of civil employees of the United States. LIFE-SAVING SERVICE. The act of May 4, 1882 (22 U. S. Stat. L., p. 57), introduced a system of compensation not only for accidental injuries, but also for disease contracted in the line of duty, for certain employees of the Life-Saving Service. Sections 7 and 8 of this act read as follows: Section 7. If any keeper or member of a crew of a life-saving or lifeboat station shall be so disabled by reason of any wound or injury received or disease contracted in the Life-Saving Service in the line of duty as to unfit him for the performance of duty, such disability to be determined in such manner as shall be prescribed in the regulations of the service, he shall be continued upon the rolls of the service and entitled to receive his full pay during the continuance of such disability, not to exceed the period of one year, unless the general superintendent shall recommend, upon a statement of facts, the extension of the period through a portion or the whole of another year, and said recommendation receive the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury as just and reasonable; but in no case shall said disabled keeper or member of a crew be continued upon the rolls or receive pay for a longer period than two years. Sec 8 (as amended by act of Mar. 26, 1908). If any keeper or member of a crew of a life-saving or lifeboat station shall hereafter die by reason of perilous service or any wound or injury received or disease contracted in the Life-Saving Service in the line of duty, leaving a widow, or a child or children under 16 years of age, or a dependent mother, such widow and child or children and dependent mother shall be entitled to receive, in equal portions, during a period of two years, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, the same amount payable quarterly as far as practicable, that the husband or father or son would be entitled to receive as pay if he were alive and continued in the service: Provided, That if the widow shall remarry at any time during the said two years, her portion of said amount shall cease to be paid to her from the date of her remarriage, but shall be added to the amount to be paid to the remaining beneficiaries under the provisions of this section, if there be any; and if any child shall arrive at the age of 16 years during the said two years, the payment of the portion of such child shall cease to be paid to such child from the date on which such age shall be attained, but shall be added to the amount to be paid to the remaining beneficiaries, if there be any. 9 10 REPOKT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. The system of compensation provided for in this law grants full pay in case of disability, for a term not exceeding two years, and compensation equal to two years' pay to the widow and children in case the injury or disease terminates fatally. All cases of injuries or diseases contracted in line of duty are compensated. No provision is made for raising any question of negligence to which the injury may be due. The number of cases compensated under this system and the amount of compensation paid during the fiscal years 1908-9 (11 months), 1909-10, and 1910 11 are stated on page 41. RAILWAY-MAIL SERVICE. A compensation system, in general similar to the above, exists in the Post Office Department for the benefit of railway postal clerks. The Post Office Department appropriation act for 1901, approved on June 2, 1900 (31 U. S. Stat. L., p. 259), contained for the first time the following item: For acting clerks in place of clerks injured while on duty, twenty-five thousand dollars. This permitted the continuance of salaries to injured clerks during the term of their disability, the maximum period for such payments being in practice restricted to one year, virtually establishing a sys- tem of compensation for nonfatal injuries. In the next (second) session of the Fifty-sixth Congress, the appropriation for the same purpose was increased to $35,000. The Post Office Department appropriation act for 1903, passed in the first session of the Fifty-seventh Congress, extended the system to include a lump-sum benefit of $1,000 to the survivors of railway mail clerks fatally injured while on duty, by the following language: For acting clerks, in place of clerks ] injured while on duty, and to enable the Postmaster General to pay the sum of one thousand dollars, which shall be exempt from the payment of debts of the deceased, to the legal representatives of any railway postal clerk or substitute railway postal clerk who shall be killed while on duty or who, being injured while on duty, shall die within one year thereafter as the result of such injury, forty-five thousand dollars. The amount appropriated was found insufficient, and a deficiency appropriation of $40,000 was made during the second session. The amount appropriated for the fiscal year 1904 was $75,000, following which was another deficiency appropriation of $20,000 made during the session of 1903-4, and the sum of $110,000 was appropriated for the year ending June 30, 1905. Since that date the appropriation has been made at a uniform rate of $100,000, until the appropriation for the year ending June 30, 1912, when $120,000 was set aside for the two purposes of employing acting clerks and of compensating those » Since 1908-9 the words "or substitutes" are inserted. workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 11 injured. The appropriation act for the next year provides that where disability continues for a part or all of a second year after injury 50 per cent of the injured clerk's salary shall be paid him during such continuance. Sea post clerks are by the same act granted the same benefits as are allowed railway postal clerks. The appro- priation act for the fiscal year 1911, approved May 12, 1910, increased the amount payable in case of fatal accidents to $2,000. The present system, therefore, provides for disability compensation equal to full pay for the period of disability but not to exceed one year, for half-pay for a second year if disability continues, and in case of the injury resulting fatally a lump-sum payment of $2,000 to the legal representatives of the deceased. Under the existing legislation the following regulations have been promulgated by the Post Office Department: Section 1424. Whenever a railway postal clerk shall be disabled while in the actual discharge of his duties by a railroad or other accident beyond his power to control, he shall send to the division superintendent a certificate of his attending physician or surgeon, sworn to before an officer authorized to administer oaths, who has an official seal, setting forth the nature, extent, and cause of his disability, and the probable duration of the same; and such further evidence as to the character of the disability as may be necessary shall be furnished. (2) The division superintendent will forward the certificate, with his recommenda- tion, to the General Superintendent of the Railway Mail Service, who will submit the matter to the Postmaster General, who may, in his judgment, the facts justifying such action, grant such disabled clerk leave of absence with pay for periods of not exceeding sixty days each, and not exceeding one year in all. (3) A sworn statement from the attending physician must accompany every appli- cation for additional leave. The amounts paid under these rules during the fiscal years 1908-9, 1909-10, and 1910-11 are stated on page 42. BILLS FOR A GENERAL ACT. In the first session of the Fifty-ninth Congress (1905-6) two bills were introduced in the Senate for the purpose of extending the prin- ciple of compensation to other employees of the Government, this being the beginning of the movement to that end. Neither of these bills became law, and the first session of the Sixtieth Congress saw as many as 14 bills introduced, one of which was in the Senate, the others being presented in the House. A list of these bills is given in the following table: Session. No. of bill. Introduced by- Title. Fifty-ninth Congress, first session. Do S. 5430 S. 6080 S. 5555 Mr. Elkins do Mr. Burrows Granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensa- tion for injuries sustained in the course of their employment. Sixtieth Congress, first session. To compensate civilian Government employees for personal injury in line of service. 12 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Session. No.o! bill. Introduced by — Title. Sixtieth Congress, first session. Do H.R.86 H. R. 444 H. R. 4810 H. R. 4849 H. R. 6251 H. R. 6284 H.R.14265 H.R.16734 H.R.17870 H.R.21131 H.R.21308 H.R.21696 H.R.21844 Mr. Pearre Mr. Roberts. Mr. Kalin Mr. Maynard Mr. Foss Mr. Gillett Mr. Roberts Mr. Sterling Mr. Bennet Mr. Jones Mr. Gillett Mr. Alexander. . do For the relief of laborers, mechanics, and other employees of the United States Government injured, and the families of those killed, with- out fault of their own, while in the discharge of their duties. Same title as H. R. 86. Do Do. States navy yards as may be disabled by ac- cidents while in the performance of duty, and, in the event of fatal casualties, for the relief of surviving dependents. To pension civil employees of the Government navy yards when injured in the performance of duty to such an extent as to be incapaci- tated to earn a living. Do.. Do employees of the Navy Department injured, and the families of those killed, without fault of their own, while in the discharge of their duties. Granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensa- tion for injuries sustained in the course of their employment. Title same as H. R. 86 and H. R. 444. Do Do To compensate civilian Government employees for personal injuries in line of service. Providing for the payment of salaries or wages to all Government employees who may be injured in the line of duty or may be required to absent themselves from duty as the result of guarantee measures. Title same as H. R. 86 and H. R. 444 and H. R. Do. ... Do Do 14265. Title same as H. R. 6284. Do Do Title same as H. R. 6284 and H. R. 21308. Title same as H. R. 21696. ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. The bill H. R. 21844, which became the act of May 30, 1908, was introduced in the House of Representatives on May 12, 1908, referred to the Judiciary Committee, and reported back on May 15, 1908, on which date it passed the House after a short debate. It reached the Senate on May 18 and was referred to the Senate Committee on Judiciary, which reported it to the Senate on the same date without any essential amendments. It was extensively debated in the Sen- ate on May 21, May 25, and May 27, and amended in many impor- tant details, though the general plan was left unchanged. The most important amendment was that extending its scope in a few direc- tions beyond that contemplated in the original bill. It was stated by Mr. Alexander on the floor of the House that "the purpose of this bill is to compensate Government employees engaged in hazard- ous occupations." "Such employment/' Mr. Alexander proceeded, "is practically confined to ar sen ale, navy yards, manufacturing estab- lishments (such as arsenals, clothing depots, shipyards, proving grounds, powder factories, and so forth), to construction of river and harbor work, and to work upon the Isthmian Canal." The bill, accordingly, included only those enumerated branches of service. In the Senate, however, "fortification work" and "hazardous em- ployment in construction work in the reclamation of arid lands" wobkmen's compensation undee act OF MAY 30, 1908. 13 were added. The minimum length of duration of disability giving rise to right for compensation was reduced from 30 days to 15; the clause penalizing for attempt to defraud under this law was elimi- nated as unnecessary, and the date of going into effect was changed from July 1, 1908, to August 1, 1908, to allow time for preparation of the necessary administrative machinery. The text of the act follows : Section 1. That when, on or after August first, nineteen hundred and eight, any person employed by the United States as an artisan or laborer in any of its manufac- turing establishments, arsenals, or navy yards, or in the construction of river and harbor or fortification work or in hazardous employment on construction work in the reclamation of arid lands or the management and control of the same, or in hazardous employment under the Isthmian Canal Commission, is injured in the course of such employment, such employee shall be entitled to receive for one year thereafter, unless such employee, in the opinion of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, be sooner able to resume work, the same pay as if he continued to be employed, such payment to be made under such regulations as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may pre- scribe: Provided, That no compensation shall be paid under this act where the injury is due to the negligence or misconduct of the employee injured, nor unless said injury shall continue for more than fifteen days. All questions of negligence or misconduct shall be determined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Sec. 2. That if any artisan or laborer so employed shall die during the said year by reason of such injury received in the course of such employment, leaving a widow, or a child or children under sixteen years of age, or a dependent parent, such widow and child or children and dependent parent shall be entitled to receive, in such portions and under such regulations as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may prescribe, the same amount, for the remainder of the said year, that said artisan or laborer would be entitled to receive as pay if such employee were alive and continued to be employed : Provided, That if the widow shall die at any time during the said year her portion of said amount shall be added to the amount to be paid to the remaining beneficiaries under the provisions of this section, if there be any. Sec. 3. That whenever an accident occurs to any employee embraced within the terms of the first section of this act, and which results in death or a probable incapacity for work, it shall be the duty of the official superior of such employee to at once report such accident and the injury resulting therefrom to the head of his bureau or indepen- dent office, and his report shall be immediately communicated through regular official channels to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Such report shall state, first, the time, cause, and nature of the accident and injury and the probable duration of the injury resulting therefrom; second, whether the accident arose out of or in the course of the injured person's employment; third, whether the accident was due to negligence or misconduct on the part of the employee injured; fourth, any other matters required by such rules and regulations as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may prescribe. The head of each department or independent office shall have power, however, to charge a special official with the duty of making such reports. Sec. 4. That in the case of any accident which shall result in death, the persons entitled to compensation under this act or their legal representatives shall, within ninety days after such death, file with the Secretary of Commerce and Labor an affidavit setting forth their relationship to the deceased and the ground of their claim for compensation under the provisions of this act. This shall be accompanied by the certificate of the attending physician setting forth the fact and cause of death, or the nonproduction of the certificate shall be satisfactorily accounted for. In the case of incapacity for work lasting more than fifteen days, the injured party desiring to take 14 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. the benefit of this act shall, within a reasonable period after the expiration of such time, file with his official superior, to be forwarded through regular official channels to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, an affidavit setting forth the grounds of his claim for compensation, to be accompanied by a certificate of the attending physician as to the cause and nature of the injury and probable duration of the incapacity, or the nonproduction of the certificate shall be satisfactorily accounted for. If the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall find from the report and affidavit or other evidence pro- duced by the claimant or his or her legal representatives, or from such additional investigation as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may direct, that a claim for compensation is established under this act, the compensation to be paid shall be determined as provided under this act and approved for payment by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Sec. 5. That the employee shall, whenever and as often as required by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, at least once in six months, submit to medical examination, to be provided and paid for under the direction of the Secretary, and if such employee refuses to submit to or obstructs such examination his or her right to compensation shall be lost for the period covered by the continuance of such refusal or obstruction. Sec. 6. That payments under this act are only to be made to the beneficiaries or their legal representatives other than assignees, and shall not be subject to the claims of creditors. Sec. 7. That the United States shall not exempt itself from liability under this act by any contract, agreement, rule, or regulation, and any such contract, agreement, rule, or regulation shall be pro tan to void. Sec 8. That all acts or parts of acts in conflict herewith or providing a different scale of compensation or otherwise regulating its payment are hereby repealed. AMENDING ACTS. Of the numerous bills for the amendment of this act which have been introduced since its enactment, four have become laws, two of them relating to injured employees on the Isthmian Canal. The first was H. R. 22340, Sixty-first Congress, introduced by Mr. Mann on December 7, 1908, becoming a law on February 24, 1909 (35 U. S. Stat. L., p. 645). The act reads as follows : That nothing contained in the act approved May thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight, entitled "An act granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their employ- ment," shall prevent the Isthmian Canal Commission, under rules to be fixed by the commission, from granting to its injured employees, whether engaged in a hazardous employment or otherwise, leave of absence with pay for time necessarily lost as a result of injuries received in the course of employment, not exceeding in the aggregate thirty days per annum: Provided, however, That compensation paid to such injured employees under such regulations shall be deducted from any compensation which such employees may be entitled to receive under the terms of the said act. The following explanation of this act was made by Mr. Mann in the House (January 9, 1909): It has been the custom of the Isthmian Canal Commission to give compensation to an injured employee whether he was engaged in hazardous employment or not, and also to give him compensation although his time kept from employment was less than 15 days; but it has been construed that the Isthmian Canal Commission, being workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 15 included in the law passed at the last session, is controlled by that law, and that under that law the former practice of the commission is changed so that now they can not pay to an injured employee any compensation unless that employment shall be called "hazardous" employment, nor can they pay him any compensation unless he is kept from work for at least 15 days. The purpose of this bill, which is asked for both by the Isthmian Canal Commission and the labor employed on the canal, is to give to the commission the power to pay to an injured employee who is kept from his work less than 15 days the pay for that time, and also to give the commission the power to pay although the employee is not technically engaged in hazardous em- ployment. This compensation was paid to the employees of the Isthmian Canal Commission under regulations adopted on June 11, 1907, and effective since July 1, 1907. This special accident leave could not exceed 30 days, and was known as " meritorious sick leave," which was over and above the ordinary sick-leave provisions. But by a decision of Sep- tember 1, 1908, the comptroller, upon request of the Isthmian Canal Commission for an advance decision as to the legality of these pay- ments, ruled: "That this enactment (act of May 30, 1908) is exclusive, after it came into effect, and that it is no longer in the power of the commission by regulation, past or present, to enlarge or diminish the provisions of that act," and that the commission was not authorized to pay to an employee who is entitled to the benefits of the act of May 30, 1908, any compensation for an injury, if the period for which he is incapacitated is fifteen days or less; nor to pay compensation to an employee injured through his own negligence or misconduct, whether the duration of the injury is more or less than fifteen days. It was also ruled that the act made illegal any payments of compen- sation to employees not covered by the act. (XV Decisions of the Comptroller of the Treasury, p. 161.) The act of February 24, 1909, therefore reestablished the conditions existing under the regulations of June 11, 1907, legalizing the com- pensation of injuries lasting less than 15 days, and also injuries causing disability not exceeding 30 days to persons in nonhazardous occupations on the Isthmian Canal; it also gave an option in refer- ence to cases causing disability over 15 days but not over 30 da}^s, which may, since this enactment, be compensated either under the act of May 30, 1908, or that of February 24, 1909. As a matter of fact, the Isthmian Canal Commission decided not to avail itself of this provision of the law, in order to prevent confusion from the complexity of reports, and practically all cases causing disability of over 15 days continued to be adjudicated by the Department of Commerce and Labor under the act of May 30, 1908, until March 4, 1911. On this date a second amending law (36 U. S. Stat. L., p. 1453) took effect, being section 5 of the sundry civil appropriation bill for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1912. By this amendment the entire administration of the law, in so far as it affects employees of 16 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. the Isthmian Canal Commission, is transferred to that commission; the law is extended in scope so as to include all employees of the com- mission without reference to the hazardous or nonhazardous character of their employment; and one year is allowed for the filing of claims in case of death, instead of 90 days, as in the original act. The sec- tion in question is as follows : Section 5. That hereafter the act granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their employment shall apply to all employees under the Isthmian Canal Commission when injured in the course of their employment, and claims for compensation on account of injury or death resulting from an accident occurring hereafter shall be settled by the chairman of the Isthmian Canal Commission, who shall, as to such claims and under such regulations as he may prescribe, perform all the duties now devolving upon the Secretary of Commerce and Labor: Provided, That when an injury results in death claim for compensation on account thereof shall be filed within one year after such death. The third amending act was approved March 11, 1912 (37 U. S. Stat. L., p. 7), and has the effect of including employees engaged in hazardous work under the Bureau of Mines or the Forestry Service of the United States under the provisions of the original act. This amendment is as follows: That the provisions of the act approved May thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight, entitled "An act granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their employ- ment," shall, in addition to the classes of persons therein designated, be held to apply to any artisan, laborer, or other employee engaged in any hazardous work under the Bureau of Mines or the Forestry Service of the United States: Provided, That this act shall not be held to embrace any case arising'prior to its passage. The fourth amendment is found in the act of July 27, 1912, author- izing additional aids in the Lighthouse Service, etc. (37 Stat., 238, 239) and is as follows : And hereafter the benefits of the act of May thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight (Thirty-fifth Statutes, page five hundred and fifty-six), entitled "An act granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their employment," shall be extended to persons employed by the United States in any hazardous employment in the Lighthouse Service * * *. ANALYSIS OF LAW OF MAY 30, 1908, AS AMENDED. A topical analysis of this act is here given for the purpose of bringing out its essential features. Injuries compensated, — Injuries received in the course of employ- ment, causing disability for more than 15 days, or death, if not due to the negligence or misconduct of the employee injured. Industries covered. — Manufacturing establishments, arsenals, navy yards, construction of river and harbor and fortification work, con- workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 17 struction work in the reclamation of arid lands, or management and control of the same (hazardous employment only), all employment under the Isthmian Canal Commission, and hazardous employment under the Bureau of Mines, the Forestry Service, or the Lighthouse Service. Persons covered by the law. — Artisans or laborers employed by the United States in the above-mentioned works, except under the Isth- mian Canal Commission, where all employees are covered, and under the Bureau of Mines, the Forestry Service, and the Lighthouse Service, where all employees engaged in any hazardous work are covered. Burden of payment. — The burden of payment falls upon the branch of service or office where the person injured is employed; i. e., it comes from the same appropriation as that from which the wages have been paid. Compensation for death. — One year's wages minus the amount due for any time between the day of injury and the day of death, payable at the same intervals as wages. This amount is payable only in case a widow, or children under 16 years of age, or dependent parents survive. The distribution of the amount of compensation among several claimants is made in such portions as the Secretary of Com- merce and Labor may prescribe. If a widow dies during the year, her amount is redistributed among the other beneficiaries, if any. Compensation for disability. — The same pay as if the injured person had continued to be employed, for the entire time of disability, but not over one year. Administration. — Except for the employees of the Isthmian Canal Commission, the administration of the law devolves upon the Sec- retary of Commerce and Labor. It is made the duty of the official superiors of the injured employees, however, to transmit reports of accidents, furnish evidence as to their cause and nature, and to furnish such other matter as may be required by the rules and regu- lations prescribed by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. The act authorizes the Secretary of Commerce and Labor to prescribe rules and regulations for reporting accidents and for the payment of compensation to the injured employees or their survivors, to deter- mine when the injured employee is able to resume work, to determine all questions of negligence or misconduct, to direct investigations for the purpose of obtaining additional evidence, and to order medical examinations of injured employees as often as necessary, at least once in six months. Reports of accidents. — Reports of all accidents occurring to any employee covered by the law must be made at once by his official superior to the head of his bureau or office, for immediate communi- cation through regular official channels to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. These reports must state the time, cause, and nature 80557°— 13 2 18 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. of the accident; the nature and probable duration of the resultant injury; whether the accident arose out of or in the course of em- ployment; whether the accident was due to the negligence or mis- conduct of the injured person; and any other matters required by the rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Presentation of claims. — In accidents resulting in death, under the original act, claims must be filed with the Secretary of Commerce and Labor within 90 days after death. This period is made one year in cases of death of employees of the Isthmian Canal Commission. In accidents resulting in disability, claims must be filed within a reasonable period after the expiration of the first 15 days of disabil- ity with the official superior, to be forwarded to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. All claims must be sworn to. Medical examinations and certificates. — The claim must be accom- panied by a medical certificate of the attending physician stating, in case of death, the fact and cause of death; and in case of injury, the cause and nature of the injury and the probable duration of the disa- bility. Failure to furnish such certificate must be explained. The injured employee is required to subject himself to a medical exami- nation as often as required by the Secretary of Co mm erce and Labor, which must be at least once in six months. PROCEDURE UNDER THE LAW. Kegulations (see Appendix) and blank forms were prepared by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor for use in the administration of the law and for the guidance of claimants and their official superiors. Besides the data called for by the law itself, the Secretary requests other information necessary for the determination of rights and for use as accident data. This information is desired for all accidents causing disability of more than one day's duration, whether or not the person or the branch of service is covered by the compen- sation provisions of the law. This course was decided upon not only because of the difficulty of determining in advance whether a branch of service^ is covered by the law and what persons are to be classed as artisans or laborers, but also because of the advantages of obtain- ing complete accident statistics for the entire Government service, which included in 1911 more than 390,000 persons. INTERPRETATION OF THE LAW. The act is a remedial one, its purpose being to provide relief in cases of injury where no redress was obtainable, the Government not being subject to suit, and relief through congressional action being tedious and uncertain. It goes beyond a grant of relief in cases of injury through negligence, however, and substitutes for the old doctrine of WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION UNDEK ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 19 employers' liability one of compensation for accidental injury with- out reference to the proved fault of the employer, and without con- sideration of the questions of fellow service, assumption of risks, and contributory negligence, which are usually brought up in cases in- volving injuries to employees. As is the legal rule in the administra- tion of remedial statutes, a liberal construction has been given the law, without, however, disregarding its provisions or extending the law beyond its prescribed scope. The administration of the law was by its own terms committed to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, who is charged with the deter- mination of all questions of negligence or misconduct of the injured workman such as should bar him or his beneficiaries from compensa- tion under the act; and he is also authorized to prescribe regulations as to reporting accidents and the payment of benefits, though no rule can be enforced which would exempt the United States from its lia- bility under the act. No appeal on questions of fact is provided, though the usual recourse to the Attorney General is open to the head of any department interested in the determination of questions of law. It is not contemplated that there should be any action at law to secure claims under the act under any circumstances. Though attorneys have been employed by some claimants, no necessity for such employment exists to secure all rights under the act. While the act has been administered chiefly through the Bureau of Labor, numerous questions of law have arisen on which the advice of the Solicitor of the Department of Commerce and Labor has been obtained, and in a few cases that of the Attorney General. Rulings of the Comptroller of the Treasury have also been made on some points. A considerable body of legal discussion and interpretation has resulted, 1 and a summary of the principal points developed is here given. The system of presentation is analytical, considering first the scope of the law, then the principles involved, and the details of their application as fixed by the statute. This summary is, of course, based on opinions prepared on points that have actually arisen, no attempt having been made to anticipate possible condi- tions or to cover all points that might arise in the future, though it is believed that with, an experience of nearly four years, at least the principal questions involved have been brought under consideration. CLASSES OF PERSONS COVERED. The first condition to be met by applicants for the benefits of the act is that they shall be " employed by the United States." This precludes claims of employees of contractors who may be doing work on behalf of the United States, but are not directly employed thereby. 1 Opinions of the Solicitor for the Department of Commerce and Labor, dealing with workmen's compen- sation, 646 pages, Washington, July, 1912. 20 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. A contractor himself was likewise excluded in a case where he had the status of an independent contractor and the rendition of personal service was not essential to the fulfillment of the contract, such per- son not being carried on any pay roll as an employee, and being able to perform the entire contract through agents or employees of his own. Pieceworkers, however, are within the law, even though the rate of payment includes the pay of a helper to the principal worker, as in the case of plate printers in the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. As originally enacted, the law applied only to persons employed as artisans or laborers, and the limitation set by these terms has called for a determination of the classification of employments in a number of cases. Considering the matter broadly, it was held in a compara- tively early case that the words " artisans and laborers" were used as indicating u a class of persons commonly referred to as the 'labor- ing class,' as distinguished from the leisure, professional, business, and official or clerical classes." The designation given an employee on the pay roll or otherwise in the establishment is not conclusive, the question being one of the actual character of the employment. Man- ual labor or employment, the principal element of which is the appli- cation of physical force, comes generally within the act, so that per- sons employed specifically for such service as well as persons not desig- nated as laborers but rendering other than professional or clerical service have been regarded as covered by it as well. Thus a messen- ger doing work of a manual character, even though detailed at times to do clerical work, is protected ; so also a policeman or watchman on the Canal Zone, a sanitary inspector in the same locality, packers, stockmen, and clerks with manual duties in navy yards and the com- missary service on the Canal Zone, sailors assisting in dredge work, riggers and divers, chainmen and axmen in survey work, and an inspector of crossties, piling, and lumber, who had no duty of super- vision but inspected and marked with a hammer and die the materials handled in a supply yard, have been classed as arti sans or laborers under this act. Excluded from it are foremen not doing manual labor, office employees in clerical work, draftsmen, surveyors, inspec- tors with directive powers not themselves doing labor, telegrapher and shipping clerk, the master or pilot of a steamer, a dock master supervising a dock force, an assistant veterinarian, and a laboratory assistant employed to test chemically the materials used in an arsenal. Amending acts applicable to particular branches of service have done away with the distinction between artisans or laborers and other employees in those branches, one of March 4, 1911, relative to work in the Canal Zone making the law applicable to " all employees under the Isthmian Canal Commission;" while the act of March 11, wokkmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 21 1912, extending the act to include the Bureau of Mines and the Forestry Service, covers "any artisan, laborer, or other employee engaged in any hazardous work" in these services; and the act of July 27, 1912, bringing the Lighthouse Service under the act includes " persons employed by the United States in any hazardous employ- ment" in this service. DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE. The question as to the application of the law to any given industry, employment, or branch of service is one that has called for rulings in a variety of cases in order to define the terms used in the act. In some instances, too, the question of the hazard of the employment is involved, the law, as is apparent, covering only persons engaged in hazardous employments in some branches of service. Taking up the terms used in the law in the order in which they are named, manufacturing establishments of the United States have been defined in a number of instances, the Government Printing Office, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and the mail-bag repair shop (in which a variety of mail equipment is made) being perhaps the most important establishments coming under this desig- nation. Printing done as a mere incident of the office work, as in a station of the Weather Bureau, does not give the office status as a manufacturing establishment. A quartermaster's depot where cloth- ing and tents are made, a saw and planing mill operated by the Government on one of its reservations, a blacksmith shop at which bolts, drills, and other articles and tools used in connection with an irrigation development are made and repaired, a lighthouse depot where materials and appliances used in the service are manufactured and repaired, the mechanical plant at the Smithsonian Institution at which cases, cages, and museum furniture are made, and a car- penter shop connected with an Indian school at which mission furniture is made, have been classed as manufacturing establish- ments. A plant connected, with an executive department in which electric light and power are produced and ice for departmental use is manufactured are also within the law on this basis. An artisan or laborer employed in or about such an establishment is entitled to compensation if injured in the line of duty, even though his employ- ment is not connected with the manufacturing operations of the establishment, as, for instance, a freight handler or a house painter. It has also been held that an employee of such an establishment may receive compensation even though he be employed elsewhere at the time of receiving his injury, as in the case of a press feeder in the Bureau of Engraving and Printing detailed for service of like nature in another branch of the Treasury, or of a carpenter employed in a 22 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. navy yard doing work on a hospital building outside the limits of the yard. But a mere testing laboratory and a mechanical establish- ment not actually transforming the materials handled (as an aqueduct and filtration plant) and gauging in the Internal Revenue Service are not within the act. As to the word "arsenal" the standard definition of the term is regarded as excluding a place where arms and ammunition are kept merely for use in current operations, as at a fort or at the Military Academy at West Point. The Navy Department, however, classes the Naval Academy at Annapolis and the Naval Experiment Station near that point as navy yards, and this has been accepted as bringing these estab- lishments within the law. For the same reason a naval station used as a coaling depot was regarded as covered by the statute, the depart- ment holding that the term "navy yard" is "applicable generally to stations under naval jurisdiction where artisans or laborers are employed in the prosecution of the work of the Naval Establish- ment." In so far as the law applies to river and harbor and fortification work, it is limited to the work of construction. This has been regarded, however, as covering generally the work appropriated for under the fortification appropriation acts, as work on the electric wires of an underground system of electrification at a fort, or on the gun carriages, but not including such service as the erection of an ice house at the distance of a mile or more from the fort winch it was to supply; nor does the law cover such work as the grading and leveling of earth for the building of officers' quarters at Fort Leavenworth, nor the work of a painter at Fort Meade, the work being connected with nothing that could be considered as fortifica- tions or defensive work. An employee in an ice plant furnishing supplies to laborers on a dam, quarrymen getting materials for con- struction, and teamsters and stablemen employed in connection with such an undertaking are within the law as to the Reclamation Service. HAZARDOUS EMPLOYMENTS. In its application to the Reclamation Service the law is limited to hazardous employment in work of construction or maintenance, and for two and one-half years the same limitation affected employees under the Isthmian Canal Commission. Rulings on question of hazard are obviously difficult since they would seem to be practically answered by the fact of the occurrence of the injury which must befall before the case can come to consideration, and the fact of the injury is in itself proof that the occupation is at least in some degree haz- ardous. workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 23 In considering this phase of the act the general occupation of the injured workman was regarded as the decisive factor in some instances and in others his specific employment at the time of the injury. In the absence of statutory determination the rulings necessarily reflect an estimate as to the hazard, based in part on known facts as to frequency of accident and in part on conclusions reached from the particular circumstances. Thus on the Canal Zone the follow- ing employees were held to be in hazardous employments: A police- man; a hospital orderly, injured while catching an escaped insane patient; the driver of an ambulance; a time inspector whose duty required him to go upon the excavation and construction work; a messenger boy who had to cross tracks at a railroad yard; a water boy who stood on a high wall to serve the workmen ; a laborer clearing ground by the use of a machete to cut small trees; a laborer attend- ing a printing press; teamsters; a carpenter; a plumber and tinner; a hotel porter taking baggage to a station; a waiter injured while lifting supplies on a dredge. The following were held not to be employed in hazardous employ- ments: Laborers in the Quartermaster's Department; laborer on deliv- ery wagon; acting postmaster struck by train while going for mail; cook; janitor; storeroom clerk, opening barrels; scavenger, sanitation department; laborers clearing ground by the use of scythes to cut grass, bushes, etc. ; water boy serving water to crew clearing ground, who struck scythe hidden in the grass. In the Reclamation Service a ditch rider, a quarry man, an ice- plant attendant who fell from a ladder, and a gas-engine tender were held to be within the act, while a cook's helper was held not to be in a hazardous employment. In so far as the rulings above noted relate to the Canal Zone they are not of current importance, since the question of hazard no longer affects the application of the law in that field, but they show the line drawn in an attempt to apply the test of hazard. Thus far no case has arisen in connection with the Bureau of Mines, the Forestry Service, or the Lighthouse Service, but from the foregoing it is reasonably clear that all station or field work in carrying out the purposes of the services, not clerical and not strictly supervisory or administrative, would probably be included in the act. EXCLUDED SERVICES AND EMPLOYMENTS. While it might be left to inference that the preceding enumeration of services and employments sufficiently indicates the scope of the act, the fact remains that applications for benefits were received in a number of cases in which it was held that the law does not apply. Some of these refer to the Lighthouse Service, afterwards included, 24 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. but omitting these it may be noted that claims were rejected on grounds of noninclusion within the law in case of a carpenter working on improvements to the water-supply system at West Point, of rural mail carriers, a lineman employed by the Signal Corps of the Army, a stevedore in the Army Transport Service, laborers at post offices, customhouses, or executive buildings generally, an elevator conductor in a Federal building, a powder man in highway construction in Alaska, a laborer building a power plant in the congressional build- ings, etc. The number of claims rejected on this ground is shown in Table II, page 93, but this by no means indicates the number of persons injured who are not within the act, since once an adverse ruling as to any class becomes known, claims from persons of that class are generally no longer made. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES. The most important questions involving what may be considered as the fundamental principles of the act are in regard to: (1) What constitutes an injury; (2) the interpretation of the clause "in the course of employment"; (3) what constitutes negligence or mis- conduct such as to bar compensation. INJURY AND ACCIDENT. It was established early in the administration of the law (in the case of Alfred E. Clark, plate printer, in the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, who sustained a sprain of the wrist with a rupture of the synovial sac surrounding the ligaments while working on a hand press), by an opinion of the Attorney General, that "within the language of the statute, an employee may be injured in the course of his employ- ment without having suffered a definite accident," though the later sections of the act refer to accidents as well as injuries. In line with this decision, many cases of hernia have been ruled as coming under the law, where a suddenly occurring injury could be proved, though not what would properly be described as an accident. No external mark is necessary, so that the death of a man previously strong and active but complaining of distress following a strain may properly be regarded as within the statute, no other assignable cause of death appearing; so also where there is disability following a nervous shock caused by an accident, even though there be no physical contact or lesion. An illness caused by exposure during employment (as pneumonia following exposure to inclement weather) does not give rise to a claim for compensation; nor are lead poisoning and other trade diseases regarded as covered, since the use of the word "accident" in the statute implies a more definite point of time than would be the case where cumulative eifects are the results of causes operating through workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 25 an extended period. But an oedema of the lungs following the inha- lation of smoke from a blast in a tunnel, and an ulcerated throat resulting from breathing fumes while repairing an acid tank were held to be injuries coming within the law; as was a case of ' 'bends" or compressed-air sickness, such diseases being traumatic as dis- tinguished from those of an idiopathic nature. The freezing of a workman's feet while employed in an exposed place and cases of inflamed eyes due to working in dust about a rock crusher or to expo- sure to irritating fumes are within the act. Compensation has been allowed in case of disability following vaccination performed under official orders, no question of accident being raised. A preexisting disease, susceptibility, or weakness not sufficient to interfere with employment may be aggravated by an injury that would not presumably incapacitate a sound man, in which case the injury will support a claim for compensation, since it is the injury and not the preexisting weakness that is the direct cause of disability; and conversely, in a case in which an accident occurring in the course of employment greatly weakened the system of the injured person, without absolutely compelling suspension of work, and a disease resulted fatally, quite probably on account of the increased suscep- tibility and reduced recuperative power, it was ruled that a claim for compensation could properly be enforced under the act. COURSE OF EMPLOYMENT. The language of the act gives compensation to all injuries sustained ' 'in the course of employment." Thus it is broader than the language of the British act and many others limiting the right to accidents arising out of and in the course of employment. Under the text of the law practically all injuries arising during employment were held as arising in the course of the employment, even if due to an act not directly connected with the nature of the employment, such as, for instance, being bitten by a mad dog; or being struck by a foreman, without negligence or misconduct on the part of the workman, result- ing in the breaking of an arm; so also a foreman being injured while stopping a fight between two workmen; but not of a workman inter- fering in a fight when the maintenance of discipline was no part of his duties; and where the accident causing the injury was due to the fact that the workman was employed in a place of danger from which he fell on account of an epileptic fit, to which he was subject, it was held that it was an injury in the course of employment, and compen- sation was allowed. In a number of cases the question arose as to whether an injury received while going to or coming from work or just before the beginning or after the conclusion of work was an injury hi the course of employment. In general it is held that a laborer going to or 26 EEPOET OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. coming from work along a public highway is not in the course of his employment, though compensation may be allowed if the injury occurred while an employee was being conveyed to or from the place of employment in Government trains, or other conveyances, or was taking a special route, on Government property. On the other hand it has been uniformly held that injuries occurring on the premises of the employment within a reasonable time before beginning work or before leaving after the day's work were properly in the course of employ- ment. And where his employment requires a workman to occupy living and sleeping quarters furnished by the Government, injuries at quarters may give rise to claims, even though they occur outside the hours of work. NEGLIGENCE OR MISCONDUCT. The statute in terms bars claims to compensation " where the injury is due to the negligence or misconduct of the employee injured." In construing these provisions it is considered that the negligence contemplated involves the idea of misconduct or volun- tary and unnecessary exposure to an obvious danger. It must be something more than a mere inadvertence or error of judgment, nor is it to be presumed that workmen employed about machines will be uniformly vigilant and avoid movements more or less mechanical and involuntary, even though their actual effect is to cause injury. So also it is not negligence barring a claim where a workman intent on the performance of his work momentarily forgets a known danger and is injured by reason of such forgetfulness. It will not be assumed that one is negligent because injured under circumstances which in the opinion of another allowed time to escape the danger, the pre- sumption being that one exposed to a known impending danger would use his best endeavor to escape. So also obeying an unwise impulse in the face of threatened danger, resulting in injury, though not caused by the peril anticipated, is not negligence, since one is not held to the same degree of caution when in a position of peculiar hazard as when in accustomed surroundings. The violation of a rule that had not been enforced and whose violation would not, apart from defective conditions, probably result in serious injury, is not to be regarded as negligence, since rules must be both reasonable and enforced to be binding. On the other hand, where injury results from the obvious careless- ness of a workman, as in neglecting to cut off the air in a pump on which repairs were being made, or voluntarily reaching under a moving car for self-serving ends, or attempting to alight from or board moving trains by persons not employed in railway service, or the reckless handling of a locomotive in a place of obvious danger, or neglecting customary precautions in working about electric apparatus, workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 27 or assuming or remaining in positions of known or obvious danger, claims for compensation are disallowed. The violation of an estab- lished rule or disobedience of orders may be connected with classes of conditions named above, and this affords added reasons for deny- ing claims for benefits. It is clear that in each case the facts involved are of prime importance, so that the statement of principles is only suggestive, and while a very considerable number of claims have been disallowed on this ground, many cases have received favorable con- sideration that under the strict rules of a liability law would have been dismissed. ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS. Several opinions relate to what may be grouped as the adminis- trative details of the law. Thus the period of compensation, which can not exceed one year, is held to begin to run on the day following the injury and to terminate with the anniversary of the day of injury. This rule is modified where the disability begins only after the lapse of some time, the period of compensation dating in such case from the date of the actual commencement of the disability. It was held, however, that both the cause of the disability and its inception must be of a date subsequent to the date fixed for the law to come into effect. The law allows compensation only in cases causing disability in excess of 15 days, but any fraction of a day above 15 is regarded as meeting this requirement. The days need not be consecutive, and if an injured person resumes work after less than 15 days' disability, but, after a time finds himself compelled to quit by reason of the same injury, compensation may be claimed when the sum of the periods of cessation from labor is greater than 15 days. Intervening Sundays and holidays are considered, since the question of working time lost is not made the basis of computation. If, however, one is physically able to resume work after not more than 15 days and Sundays or holidays intervene to cause a loss of time in excess of 15 days, no claim for compensation is supported thereby, since the question is not one of opportunity but of disability. The ability to resume work which marks the termination of com- pensation payments is construed to be ability to return to the regular work of the injured person's employment, and one can not be required to accept other employment of a different nature, even though physically able to render the service involved therein. If an injured workman accepts such work without reduction of pay, it is considered that his compensation under the act ceases, his right thereto being merged in his right to receive wages. If, however, the workman should be discharged or his pay reduced on account of disability due to the injury, his right to compensation would revive unless the full period of one year had expired. A person who is unable to resume 28 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. work and is discharged can accept different employment elsewhere without affecting his right to compensation. Resumption of one's regular work terminates all compensation payments even though an actual partial disability — as from maiming, or the loss of an eye — persists and will be permanent. Ability to return to work can not be determined by an estimate as to the probable results of a form of treatment which the injured person declines to accept, the law authorizing no rule to require surgical or medical treatment. When compensation is being paid and the resumption of work on recovery is impracticable by reason of conditions connected with the treatment of the case, the payments do not cease until the workman is restored to a position to commence service. Thus a workman sent from the Canal Zone to New York City for hospital treatment not available on the zone was allowed compensation not only during his detention in the hospital, but after discharge and until the termination of his journey to the place of his employment. The rate of compensation is such pay as the injured person would have received if he had continued to be employed. This includes an allowance for such subsistence as he may have been receiving in addi- tion to money wages, and also calls for an increase in the compensation in case of any increase in pay that would have affected him within the time of his disability. Completion or suspension of the work on which he was employed does not put an end to compensation payments, since he is to be paid during disability the same as if he had continued to be employed. No provision is made for scaling compensation in any case where payments are due, so that persons partially disabled or parents partially dependent receive necessarily the full rate of wages so long as they are entitled to any compensation whatever. Beneficiaries of deceased workmen under the act are limited to widows, children under 16 years of age, and dependent parents. An illegitimate wife or the divorced wife of a deceased workman is not in her own right entitled to compensation, but the amount payable on account of children of the deceased may be paid to such illegitimate or divorced wife as guardian and for the benefit of children of the deceased entitled to compensation. The term child or children as used in the act is construed to mean offspring, whether the fruit of a legitimate union in marriage or otherwise. Parents are not entitled to compensation unless dependent, and partial dependence is construed as dependence within the meaning of the act. Actual contributions to support within a given time are evidential, but are not the only criterion. The natural and equitable claim of parents upon their children for support, together with a showing of actual needs in view of their age, earning capacity, and position in life, may be a sufficient warrant for a grant of com- pensation even though no actual contributions for their support workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 29 were being made. A parent by adoption may be a beneficiary, as may an adopted child, but stepchildren and stepfathers and step- mothers are not within the act. In case of death from injury, following a period of disability, the beneficiary is entitled to compensation for the unexpired remainder of the year, the injured person himself being entitled to the amount accruing before death. If, however, no claim has been made prior to the death it is held that the spirit and purpose of the act warrant the payment of compensation for the period of disability prior to the death, as well as for the remainder of the year, to the proper benefi- ciaries under the act. The act contains no provision for meeting medical or funeral expenses of employees dying as a result of injury in cases where no beneficiary survives, nor does it provide for a dependent widower even though by reason of infirmity he might be entirely dependent on his wife's earnings. If, however, an injured workman dies after a period of disability, the compensation to which he was entitled at the time of his death is an asset of his estate and may be paid thereto even though there be no beneficiaries under the act, and though he submitted no claim before his death. The distribution of the amount of compensation is committed entirely to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, the word "por- tions" as used in the act referring not to division into weekly, monthly, or other payments, but to the amounts payable to each of several claimants, and this authority is said to extend so far as to enable him to entirely exclude one or more claimants in behalf of another or others. The limitations of the statute require claims in case of death to be filed within 90 days, and in nonfatal cases "within a reasonable period." The prescription in cases of death is regarded as manda- tory, but if diligence has been shown by the claimant within the time limit set, and the formal completion of the claim is delayed by acts of the official superior of the deceased workman, it has been held that the law was complied with. It is the date of the delivery of the claim and not the date of the affidavit that determines, and deposit in the mail is not delivery, but delivery to an official superior of the deceased employee in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor is construed as being a filing with the Secretary within the meaning of the act. The filing of a claim by one of any number of beneficiaries gives jurisdiction of the case so that the Secretary can make the proper awards even though a known beneficiary (in the case in hand a minor child) has not filed a claim in his own behalf within the time limit, or even if no claim is filed, since such person's right to compensation is abso- lute in case any claim is valid. 30 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. The limitation of 90 days was found to operate to prevent the award of a number of claims in cases on the Canal Zone, where the beneficiaries were residents of foreign countries and were often ignorant of their rights and remote from postal conveniences. For this and perhaps other reasons the amendment of March 4, 1911, modifying the law in its application to employees under the Isthmian Canal Commission, extended the time for claims on account of death to one year. A practice had already grown up, however, of per- mitting the consular officer of the country of which the deceased was a citizen to file an affidavit in behalf of prospective beneficiaries, and the ratification of this action by the claimant was held to amount to a filing of claim as of the date of the action taken by the consular officer. As to the "reasonable period" within which claims must be filed by persons claiming compensation for nonfatal accidents, it is appar- ent that the circumstances in each case must be considered in order to determine what is reasonable, so that no fixed rule can be laid down. Submission to medical examination at least once in six months is mandatory on the workman, but is regarded as only directory as to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, so that no right to compensa- tion is lost by the failure of the latter to provide for an examination. Where the circumstances of the original injury clearly indicate a permanent incapacity of the. injured person to resume his employ- ment, the Secretary may in his discretion waive the examination at the end of six months, and approve the payment for the full term of one year. The employee's rights are lost only by a refusal to submit to an examination when one has been ordered by the Secretary with- out expense to the employee, and the employee has been advised of the requirement that he shall be examined. MISCELLANEOUS QUESTIONS. Among the rulings of some interest that followed the submission of questions of a miscellaneous nature is one to the effect that there is nothing in the act to justify the following of a man who has volun- tarily left service so as to give him the benefits of the act where disability afterwards developed, though if the person left service because he was unable by reason of the injury to continue work and was ignorant of his rights, evidence may justify the approval of a claim subsequently submitted; and that the continuance of compen- sation payments must be warranted by the actual and appreciable consequences of the injury, and not due to senile or other bodily infirmity, though this rule will not go so far as to cut off the compen- sation of a man who from age or other cause makes less rapid recovery than a vigorous man would probably do ; that an employee who has returned to work after an injury and is again hurt in the same mem- workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 31 ber, which had not fully recovered its strength, the claim is a new one and the year of possible compensation dates from the time of the second injury; and that the authority of the Secretary of Com- merce and Labor to make regulations under which compensation shall be paid does not authorize him to commit to any other person the power of passing on claims for compensation. STATISTICAL OPERATIONS. PERSONS COVERED BY THE LAW. The number of persons covered by the law can not be stated accurately. According to the estimate made by the Judiciary Com- mittee of the House of Representatives (H. Kept. 1669, 60th Cong., 1st sess.) there were approximately 6,600 artisans and laborers in arsenals, armories, and other manufacturing establishments; the navy yards, naval stations, etc., under the Navy Department, employed approximately 25,000 men; in the river and harbor work the Government employed approximately 12,800 artisans and laborers, and approximately 11,000 in hazardous occupations on the Isthmian Canal. This gives a total of 55,400 persons to be covered by the new law, in the four enumerated groups, as the estimate of the House committee. Adding about 1,900 persons in the Life- Saving Service and 14,300 persons in the Railway Mail Service, the committee estimated the total number of persons that would be pro- tected after the adoption of the law as 71,600. The estimate of the House committee did not include, however, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, with about 4,000 employees, the Government Printing Office, with about 4,000 employees, and the mints, with about 1,250 employees. In addition, the fortification works and the Reclamation Service were brought in by amendment in the Senate. An estimate of the Department of the Interior places the number of persons employed in work in the Reclamation Service of the character considered at 4,000, Moreover, the estimate of the employees of the Isthmian Canal Commission made by the House com- mittee was found to be too low. The average number of persons actually employed in the Canal Zone in the fiscal year ending June 30, 1909, fluctuated between 24,000 and 27,000, and may be roughly put at 25,000. Thus the estimate of the House committee must be increased by about 27,250 persons, giving a total of approximately 82,650 persons coming under the law as enacted. Subsequent amendments already noted increase the number of persons employed under the Isthmian Canal Commission to whom the law applies by making it general instead of restricting it to those in hazardous employments. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1911, in the course of which this amendment was made, the number of employees under the commission ranged from 26,000 to 30,000, averaging about 28,900. The number of persons in the Bureau of 32 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Mines, brought in by the amendment of March 11, 1912, is given at 174, while for the Forestry Service, included in the same act, the num- ber fluctuates greatly with the seasons of the year. The number of regular employees on the rolls in the summer of 1911 that would probably come within the law was 2,560, while in July there were 681 temporary employees. During the disastrous fire season of 1910, over 25,000 temporary laborers were employed in a single month, almost ail, if not entirely all, of whom were engaged in hazardous employment. In the Lighthouse Service, covered by the amend- ment of July 30, 1912, it is estimated that 5,166 employees are in hazardous employments. The number of persons added would, therefore, amount to a minimum of 12,000, with a possibility of great increase in conditions of emergency, such as affected the Forestry Service in 1910, so that the total number of persons under the amended act would not fall far short of 95,000, to which are to be added the temporary employees of the Forestry Service. Approxi- mately 15,000 are to be added on account of provisions for life-saving and postal employees, making nearly 110,000 persons given some sort of compensation provision, this being less than 30 per cent of the civilian employees of the United States. PERIOD COVERED BY REPORT. It is important to bear in mind that in this report of the operations of the act during the first three years of its existence there is con- sidered not only the action taken within the period covered, but also the action called for by such accidents as occurred in this time, so that the report shows the results of the accidents up to and including the final settlement of compensation claims. Some delay in sending in reports was inevitable, and this delay is necessarily increased in cases of claims. While death claims must under the law be filed within 90 days, claims for disability need be presented only "within a reasonable period," and it has developed in practice that claims submitted after the lapse of several months have been admitted for satisfactory reasons. Furthermore, as payments may continue for a full year after the beginning of disability, and the disability may arise some time subsequent to the occurrence of the accident causing it, it follows that claims for such disability will be finally disposed of and complete returns made only after the lapse of a considerable time after the end of the fiscal year within which the accident occurred. The present report, therefore, really covers various operations under the law extending over four years, and even more, but is limited to such acts as were involved in the recording and adjusting of injuries and claims arising out of accidents occurring during the period August 1, 1908, to June 30, 1911. The data given are in every instance for fiscal years, ending with June 30 of the year last named. workmen's compensation UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 33 SUMMARY OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED AND ACCIDENTS COMPENSATED. The principal data for this period may be summarized as follows: NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, CLAIMS FOR COMPENSATION, AND AMOUNT OF COMPENSATION PAID FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. 1908-9 > 1909-10 1910-11 4,887 1,818 1,692 126 $242,937.05 6,987 2,654 2,529 125 $336,348.78 9,159 3,153 2,903 216 $380,330.49 1 Eleven months. It is apparent that the monthly average of accidents reported and of claims received was considerably larger for each successive year. This accords with the experience of other countries which have adopted an accident-reporting system, as it is commonly found that a fair degree of accuracy and completeness in reporting accidents is obtained only after some years of experience and familiarity with a new law. The ratio of claims to accidents is slightly greater for the second year than the first, with a considerable decrease the third year, being 37.2 per cent for the first year, 38 per cent for the second, and 34.4 per cent for the third. The percentage of claims rejected is considerably less for the second year than the first, but is noticeably larger the third year. It will not be possible in every case to compare the number of acci- dents reported under this act with the number presented in the official reports of the various departments and services, as the regu- lations request that only accidents causing disability continuing at least one day shall be reported to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, while it is true, at least in some instances, that records are made of accidents not causing absence from work except for the brief period of time required to secure the simple treatment necessaiy for a slight scratch, the removal of a foreign substance from the eye, or the like. It is also in evidence that a considerable number of acci- dents that were not of sufficient gravity to entitle the injured person to compensation, or that occurred in branches of service not covered by the act, have not been reported. While the Secretary of Commerce and Labor requests that reports be made of all accidents resulting in disability of one day or more, he has no authority under the act to require the reporting of accidents of the latter class, and no informa- tion in regard to accidents reaches the Secretary of Commerce and Labor except by the action either of an official under whose obser- vation the accident occuired, or of the injured person who desires to take advantage of the provisions of the act. 80557°— 13 3 34 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. ACCIDENTS, BY DEPABTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE. The distribution of the accidents reported and claims received, allowed, and disallowed, separately for fatal and nonfatal accidents, by separate departments and independent administrative establish- ments, and also, under each department, separately for the separate branches of service or establishments which are most important in the study of accidents, is shown in detail, for the first three fiscal years of the operation of the act, in Table I at the end of this report. The facts as to accidents reported are summarized briefly by departments and services in the following table: NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED IN SPECIFIED DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE IN EACH FISCAL YEAR, 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. Accidents reported. Departments and branches of service. Number. Per cent. 1908-91 1909-10 1910-11 1908-9 1 1909-10 1910-11 2,107 3,233 5,376 43.11 46.27 58.69 Treasury: 56 44 29 25 57 35 58 30 26 26 86 39 1.15 .90 .59 .51 .82 .50 .83 .43 .28 .28 .63 .43 Total 154 180 177 3.15 2.58 1.93 War: 204 336 58 25 255 416 69 - 27 296 498 72 27 4.17 6.88 1.19 .51 3.65 5.95 .99 .39 3.23 5.44 .75 .29 Total 623 767 893 12.75 10.98 9.75 Navy: 945 112 1,307 196 1,429 164 19.34 2.29 18.71 2.81 15.60 1.79 Total 1,057 1,503 1,593 21.63 21.51 17.39 Interior: 133 26 186 27 219 27 2.72 .53 2.66 .39 2.39 .29 Total 159 213 246 3.25 3.05 2.68 Commerce and Labor: 44 19 42 19 28 25 .90 .39 .60 .27 .31 .27 Total 63 61 53 1.29 .87 .58 Post Office: 132 54 399 68 186 42 659 61 135 45 497 47 2.70 1.10 8.16 1.39 2.66 .60 9.43 .87 1.47 .49 5.43 .51 Total 653 948 724 13.36 13.57 7.90 35 36 54 28 66 31 .72 .74 .77 .40 .72 .34 4,887 6,987 9,159 100.00 100.00 100. 00 i Eleven months. workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 35 The difference between the distribution of accidents reported and of approved claims appears from a comparison of the foregoing sum- mary with the summary of such claims, given below. It will be observed that some of the departments or services for which accidents are reported are not represented by claims because the employees injured were not of those classes entitled to compensation under the law. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF CLAIMS FOR COMPENSATION APPROVED IN SPECIFIED DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. Claims approved. Departments and branches of service. Number. Per cent. 1908-91 1909-10 1910-11 1908-9 l 1909-10 1910-11 750 1,158 1,313 44.33 45.79 45.23 Treasury: 16 4 26 3 43 9 .95 .24 1.03 .12 1.48 Other . .31 Total 20 29 52 1.18 1.15 1.79 War: 99 149 4 8 136 221 6 12 155 261 5 15 5.85 8.81 .24 .47 5.38 8.74 .24 .47 5.34 8.99 .17 .52 Total 260 375 436 15. 37 14.83 15.02 Navy: 520 43 728 84 852 65 30.73 2.54 28.79 3.32 29.35 Other 2.24 Total 563 812 917 33.27 32.11 31.59 Interior: 71 1 no 3 118 4 4.20 .06 4.35 .12 4.06 Other .14 Total 72 113 122 4.26 4.47 4.20 4 2 2 4 56 1 .24 .08 .07 Post Office .14 23 40 1.36 1.58 1.93 .03 1,692 2,529 2,903 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 1 Eleven months. It is seen that for the period covered by the foregoing tables entire branches of service and even entire departments were outside of the application of this law, as the Post Office Department, including the Rural Free Delivery and City Delivery ; the Department of Agricul- ture; the Customs Service, etc.; although in some of the depart- ments and services mentioned the number of accidents reported was not inconsiderable. As was stated above (pp. 9-11) independent systems of compensation exist for the Railway Mail Service and Life-Saving Service, while amendments have extended the law some- 36 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. what ; but outside of these, several large groups of accidents are still ) left without any provision. FATAL ACCIDENTS. The number of fatal accidents to Government employees reported as occurring during the 11 months ending June 30, 1909, was 233, for 1909-10 it was 231, and for 1910-11 it was 206. It seems probable for various reasons that omissions in reporting were few, if any, in cases of accidents of this class. The fatal accidents reported were distributed among the principal departments and services as follows: NUMBER AND PER CENT OF FATAL ACCIDENTS REPORTED IN SPECIFIED DEPART- MENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. Departments and branches of service. Fatal accidents reported. 1908-9 1 1909-10 1910-11 1908-91 1909-10 1910-11 Isthmian Canal Commission. Life-Saving Service Arsenals Engineer Department (War) Quartermaster (War) Navy Department Reclamation Service Indian Service Lighthouse Service Rural Free Delivery Railway Mail Service Allother Total 17.3 3.5 6.5 10.8 3.5 12.6 5.2 1 Eleven months. The operations in the Canal Zone naturally claimed a very large proportion of the fatal accidents, in fact nearly one-half. But out- side of these operations of exceptional hazard, the regular work of the Government employees caused a loss of 361 lives during the three years reported for, and many offices and branches of service from which comparatively few accidents were reported registered an important proportion of fatalities. There were several fatal accidents in branches of service not covered by this law, such as the Railway Mail Service, Rural Free Delivery, Life-Saving Service, Indian Service, etc. workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 37 CLAIMS FOR COMPENSATION. Out of accidents which occurred from August 1, 1908, to June 30, 1909, 1,818 claims, or 37.2 per cent of the total number of accidents reported, were presented to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. For 1909-10 and 1910-11 the corresponding figures are 2,654, or 38 per cent, and 3,153, or 34.4 per cent, respectively. These claims were approved in 1,692 cases, or 93.1 per cent of all claims, in 1908-9; in 2,529 cases, or 95.3 per cent, in 1909-10; and in 2,937 cases, or 93.1 per cent, in 1910-11. The proportion between accidents and claims is largely influenced by the fact that the law excludes from all benefits accidents causing disability of not over 15 days, and as shown in Table VI, 2,300 accidents, or nearly one-half (47.1 per cent), were in that group during the first year; 3,430, or 49.1 per cent, in 1909-10; and 5,305, or 57.9 per cent, in 1910-11. In 1908-9 the proportion of claims to accidents lasting over 15 days would appear to be approxi- mately 70 per cent; in 1909-10, 75 per cent; and in 1910-11, 85 per cent. Of the 233 fatal accidents, however, only 93, or 39.9 per cent, led to claims in the first period; 68.8 per cent of the claims were approved. In the year 1909-10, the number of fatal accidents reported was 231, and claims were presented in 124 cases, or 53.7 per cent of all fatal accidents; of these claims 78.2 per cent were approved; while for the 206 fatal accidents in 1910-11 there were 146 claims, or 70.9 per cent of the number of such accidents, of which 119, or 81.5 per cent, of the claims were approved. The large proportion of fatal accidents m which no claims at all were made is explained in many cases by the remoteness or nonexistence of dependent relatives or their ignorance of the law or by the evident fact that the establishment is not covered by the law. In the Canal Zone alone, where nearly all employees are protected by the law, claims were presented in only 53 of 119 fatal cases in 1908-9, in 68 of 85 cases in 1909-10, and in 90 of 105 cases in 1910-11. The percentages of claims to deaths for each year on the Canal Zone are 44.5, 80, and 85.7, respectively, showing a marked increase, undoubtedly due largely to an increase in the familiarity of the work- men with the law, though the changes both in administration and in legislation have contributed to the same end. 38 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. CLAIMS FOR COMPENSATION DISALLOWED. Altogether 126 claims were disallowed during the 11 months ending June 30, 1909, 125 during the second year, and 216 during the third year. The causes of disallowance by departments and branches of service are ummarized as follows : REASONS FOR DISALLOWANCE OF CLAIMS FOR COMPENSATION FOR FATAL AND NONFATAL ACCIDENTS IN EACH FISCAL YEAR, 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. Number of claims disallowed. Reasons for disallowance of claims for com- pensation. Isthmian Canal Com- mission. All other departments, services, and establishments. Total. Grand total. Fatal. Non- fatal. Fatal. Non- fatal. Fatal. Non- fatal. 1908-9.1 1 14 1 3 1 10 2 2 32 3 16 3 3 2 2 42 12* " "io 9 22 2 45 16 15 3 Accident not in course of employment 5 3 16 1 1 2 5 6 6 1 12 9 22 4 Total 20 42 9 55 29 97 126 1909-10. 1 3 2 5 2 8 30* ...... 1 3 5 3 2 ...„. 20 is" 2 10 4 1 6 6 2 7 2 ....„ 28 45' 6' 11 7 1 34 6 47 7 Accident not in course of employment 8 11 2 11 All other 1 Total 15 46 12 52 27 98 125 1910-11. 3 64 is' 8 23 6 6 i" 1 19 21 7" 10 4 9 6 2 6 4 5~ 4 22 85 22' 18 27 15 28 2 5 3 87 6 Accident not in course of employment 26 18 5 1 32 19 Total 16 119 11 70 27 189 216 1 Eleven months. Of the claims presented during the 11 months ending June 30, 1909, 6.9 per cent were disallowed, while of those of the second year but 4.7 per cent failed of approval. The percentage of disapproved claims was the same for the third year as for the first. The disapprovals among nonfatal cases formed 5.6 per cent of the total during the 11 months ending June 30, 1909, 3.9 per cent during the second fiscal year, and 6.3 per cent during the third fiscal year; while 31.2 per cent of the claims in cases of fatal injuries were disapproved for workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 39 the same period of the first fiscal year, 21.8 per cent for the second fiscal year, and 18.5 per cent for the third. A majority of the disapprovals of fatal cases for the first period arose from a failure to comply with the provision of the statute requiring claims in such cases to be filed within 90 days after the death of the injured person, and in 14 of the 16 instances of this sort the workman was an employee of the Isthmian Canal Commission, with dependents resident remote from the locality of employment, chiefly in foreign countries. An effort to relieve the resultant hardship by actively tracing up the relatives in such cases largely reduced the number of failures to file the claims within the required time, as is shown by the summary for the second fiscal year. The third fiscal year shows no disapprovals on this ground. The other principal causes of disapproval continue during the second and third fiscal years, but show considerable variations, the reasons, " Occupation not covered," "Parents not dependent," and "Negligence or misconduct," being the most important. General Table II, at the end of this report, shows for 1 1 months in 1908-9 and for the fiscal years 1909-10 and 1910-11 the number of claims disallowed for each specified cause on account of fatal and nonfatal accidents in each department and branch of service. AMOUNT OF COMPENSATION PAID. ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. The cost of the operation of the compensation act to the depart- ments and branches of service in which compensated accidents occurred is shown in Table III. The total amount of compensation paid under the act for accidents which occurred during the 11 months ending June 30, 1909, was $242,937.05, of which 18.6 per cent was paid for fatal accidents and 81.4 per cent for nonfatal accidents. The average amount of com- pensation for a fatal compensated accident was $704.48 and for a nonfatal compensated accident $121.53. Similar compensation paid during the fiscal year 1909-10 amounted to $336,348.78 for all classes of accidents, of which 18.3 per cent was paid as compensation on account of fatal accidents and 81.7 per cent on account of nonfatal accidents. The average amount of com- pensation paid per fatal compensated accident was $633.15 and per nonfatal compensated accident $113.19. In the fiscal year 1910-11 the total was $380,330.49, of which 16.1 per cent was for fatal and 83.9 per cent for nonfatal accidents. The average amounts paid this year per fatal and nonfatal compensated accident were $595.93 and $113.99, respectively. 40 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. The total amounts paid as compensation by the main branches of the service are shown in the following statement: AMOUNT AND PER CENT OF COMPENSATION PAID IN SPECIFIED DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. [This table relates only to compensation under the act of May 30, 1908. paid Federal employees under other laws, see pp. 41, For compensation for injuries 12, et seq.] Departments and branches of Amount of compensation paid. Per cent. service. 1908-91 1909-10 1910-11 1908-91 1909-10 1910-11 $100,400.60 78,317.71 24,498.39 8,754.34 19, 990. 16 10, 975. 85 $156, 340. 30 92, 097. 72 37, 918. 71 11, 982. 05 27,932.67 10,077.33 $170, 252. 17 109,389.03 40, 948. 92 14,289.97 26, 705. 72 18, 744. 68 41.3 32.2 10.1 3.6 8.2 4.5 46.5 27.4 11.3 3.6 8.3 3.0 44.8 28.8 Engineer Department (War) 10.8 3.8 7.0 4.9 Total 242, 937. 05 336,348.78 380,330.49 100.0 100.0 100.0 i Eleven months. The average cost per case is subject to great fluctuation in different departments, due to the differences in the wage scale, as well as in the gravity of injury and duration of disability. In fatal accidents the average compensation on the Isthmian Canal was $640.74 in the 11 months of 1908-9; it was $537.71 in 1910 and $515.31 in 1911; in the War Department it was $648.71 in the 11 months of 1908-9; it was $682.40 in 1910 and $567.93 in 1911 ; in the Navy Department it was $850.63 in the 11 months of 1908-9; it was $616.75 in 1910 and $827.88 in 1911 ; and in the Reclamation Service it was $1,051.56 in 1908-9; it was $1,043.71 in 1910 and $1,073.65 in 1911. The preceding table relates solely to compensation paid under the act of May 30, 1908. It may be interesting to present here the data concerning other compensation systems for civil employees of the United States Government existing by virtue of special legislation. These are: The act of February 24, 1909, for the Isthmian Canal Zone employees, covering accidents not included in the act of May 30, 1908; the act of May 4, 1882, covering the Life-Saving Service; and the railway mail clerks' compensation system, established for the first time by the Post Office Department appropriation act for 1901, and since then extended by the annual appropriation acts. ACT OF FEBRUARY 24, 1909. The payments made under this act are presented for the years 1908-9 (from Feb. 25 to June 30), 1909-10, and 1910-11 in the fol- lowing table: workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 41 NUMBER OF CASES COMPENSATED AND AMOUNT OF COMPENSATION PAID BY THE ISTHMIAN CANAL COMMISSION FROM FEBRUARY 25, 1909, to JUNE 30, 1911, UNDER THE ACT OF FEBRUARY 24, 1909. Number of compensated cases in which the duration of disability was— Total compen- sated cases. Total Year. 7 days and under. Over 7 but not over 15 days. Over 15 days. compensa- tion. 1909 ( Feb. 25 to June 30) 381 1,434 2,672 206 548 1,145 ?-, 12 7 612 1,994 i 3, 869 $9, 478. 56 26, 040. 77 2 46, 236. 79 1909-10 ... 1910-11 1 Including 45 cases, duration of disability not reported. 2 Not including 47 cases in which the cost of compensation was not reported. Above 62 per cent of the cases compensated during the period February 25 to June 30, 1909, were for disability of 7 days' duration or less, while during the fiscal year 1909-10 nearly 72 per cent and in 1910-11 just above 69 per cent were of this class. 1 The average cost per case was $15.49 in 1908-9, $13.06 in 1909-10, and $12.10 in 1910-11, the decrease from year to year being obviously due to the greater attention given to short-time injuries. The records show but few cases compensated where the beneficiary was an employee of a class not covered by the act of May 30, 1908. life-saving service. According to reports received, 56 accidents occurred in the Life- Saving Service during the 11 months, August 1, 1908, to June 30, 1909, of which 2 cases were fatal. Both fatal cases were those of temporary employees, and no compensation was due; 2 injured per- sons belonged to a higher class not entitled to compensation, and in 9 cases no claim was made. In 43 cases compensation was paid which, according to a statement furnished by the Superintendent of the Life- Saving Service, amounted to $3,159.24. During 1909-10 there were 87 nonfatal injuries, for which compensation was paid to the amount of $9,980.42, and 1 death, on account of which $2,000 was paid to the beneficiaries. The nonfatal injuries in 1910-11 were 102 in number, and the compensation therefor was $10,421 .63 ; 1 death this year called for the payment of $1,560 to the beneficiaries. 1 The data here given do not agree with the data shown in the reports of the Isthmian Canal Commission for the reason that the latter present the payments made during the year covered by the report, while the tables given above are for the cost of all accidents occurring during the fiscal year without regard to the time of the payment of compensation therefor. 42 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OP COMMERCE AND LABOR. RAILWAY MAIL SERVICE. In 1908-9, $11,000 was paid representatives of deceased clerks and $61,120.59 to clerks acting in place of injured employees. The corresponding amounts for 1909-10 are $24,000 and $75,222.17, and for 1910-11, $25,000 and $65,045.90, respectively. The marked in- crease in payments on account of death in 1909-10 as compared with 1908-9 is due to the increase in the number of fatalities, while for the next year there was an increase in payments from $1,000 per case of death to $2,000. The amount paid in 1911 includes 3 cases adjudicated in that year but coming under the provision of law allowing but $1,000 in case of death. BATES OF PAY OF INJURED EMPLOYEES. The classification of the persons injured, according to the rate of pay on an annual basis, is shown in Table IV at the end of this report. In the reports of accidents which are made to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor the rate of pay is given either on an annual, monthly, daily, or hourly basis. Where an annual rate is given it was accepted as stated; the monthly rate was multiplied by 12; in other cases, in order to reduce all to the yearly basis, the daily wage was multiplied by 313, and where the pay is on a per hour basis the daily amount was com- puted and multiplied by 313, the maximum number of working days through the year. The daily wage was computed from the hourly wage on the assumption of an 8-hour day for all employees, except those in the Isthmian Canal service. In the case of the latter the hourly wage was multiplied by 8 or 9, according to the information furnished by the Isthmian Canal Commission. While some degree of inaccur- acy is therefore possible, the returns are substantially correct. The percentage distribution of the injured employees according to the rate of pay is shown in the following summary table, for the entire service as well as for the Isthmian Canal Commission, the Navy Department, the War Department, and the Post Office Department. The figures for the 11 months in 1908-9 indicated that nearly two- thirds (65.5 per cent) of all injured employees were earning less than $1,000, more than one-half (55.5 per cent) less than $800, and nearly two-fifths (39.1 per cent) less than $600; in 1909-10, 68.5 per cent of all injured employees were earning less than $1,000, 59.3 per cent less than $800, and 42.3 per cent less than $600. The percentages for the corresponding wage groups in 1910-11 are 70.6, 63.2, and 48.7, respectively. The summary table follows: WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 43 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF PERSONS INJURED RECEIVING EACH CLASSIFIED YEARLY RATE OF PAY, BY DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1903-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. All other de- Isthmian Canal Com- Navy De- partment. War De- partment. Post Oflice Department. partments, services. and Total. Yearly rate of pay. ments. Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per Num- Per ber. cent. ber. cent. ber. cent. ber. cent. ber. cent. ber. cent. 1908-9.1 Under $400 521 365 24.73 17.32 32 47 3.03 4.45 84 85 13.48 13.64 2 0.31 23 28 5.15 6.26 662 525 13.55 10.74 $500 and under $000... 476 22. 59 105 9.93 124 19.90 1 18 4.03 724 14.81 $600 and under $700 . . . 49 2.33 135 12.77 88 14.13 IS 2.76 72 16.11 362 7.41 $700 and under $800 . . . 31 1.47 203 19.21 80 12.84 22 3.37 101 22.60 437 8.94 $800 and under $900 . . . 15 .71 64 6.05 38 6.10 48 7.35 37 8.28 202 4.13 $900 and under $1,000.. 32 1.52 79 7.47 56 8.99 82 12.56 40 8.95 289 5.91 $1,000 and under $1,100 33 1.57 118 11.15 35 5.62 86 13.17 41 9.17 313 6.40 $1,100 and under $1,200 69 3.27 182 17.22 6 .96 149 22.82 7 1.57 413 8.45 $1 ,200 and und er $ 1 ,300 56 2.66 51 4.82 15 2.41 132 20.21 30 6.71 284 5.81 $1,300 and under $1,400 6 .28 23 2.18 2 .32 54 8.27 4 .67 89 1.82 $1,400 and under $1,500 57 2.71 11 1.04 5 .80 12 1.84 10 2.24 95 1.94 $1 ,500 and under $1 ,600 39 1.85 4 .38 2 .32 36 5.51 18 4.03 99 2.03 $1 ,600 and under $1 ,700 118 5.60 5 1 .22 124 2.54 $1,700 and under $1,800 $1,800 and under $1,900 $1 ,900 and under $2 ,000 $2,000 and under $2,500 $2,500 and over 3.65 1 .09 78 1.60 42 1.99 1 .09 1 .16 2 .45 46 .94 6 .28 1 .C9 .14 75 3.56 5 1.12 80 1.64 40 1.90 1 .16 1 .15 42 .86 1 .16 5 .77 10 2.24 16 .33 Total 2,107 100. 00 1,057 100. 00 623 100. 00 653 100. 00 447 100. 00 4,887 100.00 1909-10. Under $400 912 28.21 89 5.92 88 11.47 2 .21 18 3.36 1,109 15.87 $400 and under $500. . . 653 20.20 74 4.92 95 12. 39 20 3.73 842 12.05 $500 and under $600 . . . 705 21.81 108 7.19 171 22.29 1 .12 17 3.17 1,002 H.34 $600 and under $700 . . . 129 3.99 266 17.70 130 16.95 23 2.43 61 11.38 609 8.72 $700 and under $800. . . 41 1.27 286 19.03 89 11.60 24 2.53 142 26.49 582 8.33 $800 and under $900. . . 16 .49 114 7.58 28 3.65 69 7.28 50 9.33 277 3.96 $900 and under $1,000.. 23 .71 122 8.12 67 8.74 85 8.97 65 12.13 362 5.18 $1,000 and under $1,100 15 .46 145 9.65 61 7.95 112 11.81 44 8.21 377 5.40 $1,100 and under $1,200 47 1.45 208 13.84 8 1.04 253 26. 69 16 2.99 532 7.61 $1,200 and under $1,300 50 1.55 46 3.06 15 1.96 170 17.93 39 7.28 320 4.58 $1,300 and under $1,400 3 .09 19 1.26 5 .65 108 11.39 7 1.31 142 2.03 $1,400 and under $1,500 76 2.35 20 1.33 2 .26 25 2.(4 17 3.17 140 2.00 $1,500 and under $1,600 59 1.82 5 .33 4 .52 54 5.70 4 .75 126 1.80 $1,600 and under $1,700 185 5.72 12 1.27 4 .75 201 2.88 $1 ,700 and under $1 ,K00 66 2.04 66 .94 $1,800 and under $1,900 1 69 2.13 1 .07 3 .39 1 .12 7 1.31 81 1.16 $1,900 and under $2,000 1 4 .12 1 .19 5 .07 $2,000 and under $2,500 j 105 $2 ,500 and over 59 3.25 3 .56 108 1.55 1.82 .49 1 .13 1 20 .19 3.73 61 45 .87 Not reported 16 9 .95 .64 Total 3,233 100. 00 1,503 100. 00 767 100.00 948 100.00 536 100. 00 6,987 100.00 1910-11. Under $400 1,564 1,287 934 29.09 55 3 45 104 11.65 1 .14 14 2.44 1,737 18.96 $400 and under $500 . . . 23.94 17.37 75 82 4.71 5.15 106 187 11.87 20.94 32 23 5.58 4.01 1,500 1,227 16.38 $500 and under $600 . . . 1 .14 13.40 $600 and under $700 . . . 163 3.03 242 15.19 149 16. 69 20 2.76 84 14. 66 658 7.18 $700 and under $800. . . 60 1.12 349 21.91 118 13.21 17 2.35 124 21.64 668 7.29 $800 and under $900. . . 23 .43 131 8.22 56 6.27 47 6.49 59 10.30 316 3.45 $900 and under $1,000.. 48 .89 121 7.60 71 | 7.95 55 7.60 68 11.87 363 3.96 $1,000 and under $1,100 8 .15 148 9.29 52 5.82 92 12.71 45 7.85 345 3.77 $1,100 and under $1,200 97 1.80 258 16.20 16 1.79 200 27.62 14 2.44 585 6.39 $1 ,200 and under $1 ,300 41 :76 73 4.58 12 1.34 137 18.92 45 7.85 308 3.36 $1,300 and under $1,400 4 .07 35 2.20 6 .67 81 11.19 7 1.22 133 1.45 $1,400 and under $1,500 151 2.81 16 1.00 2 .22 14 1.93 9 1.57 192 2.10 $1,500 and under $1,600 126 2.34 2 .13 8 .90 45 6.22 8 1.40 189 2.06 $1,600 and under $1 ,700 419 7.79 2 .13 1 .11 4 .55 5 .87 431 4.71 $1 ,700 and under $1,800 80 1.49 1 .06 2 .35 83 .91 $1,800 and under $1,900 112 2.08 1 .06 2 .28 7 1.22 122 1.33 $1 ,900 and under $2,000 15 .28 15 .16 $2 ,000 and under $2,500 171 3.18 1 .06 3 .52 175 1.91 $2,500 and over 71 3 1.32 .06 2 3 .22 .34 3 21 .52 3.66 76 36 .83 1 .06 8 1.10 .39 Total 5,376 100.00 1,593, 100. <}0 893 loom 724 100.00 573 100.00 9,159 100.00 1 Eteven months. 4:4 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. There was a very marked difference in the prevailing rates of pay- in the Canal Zone as compared with all other branches of the civil service, due first to the large amount of unskilled labor, and secondly to the necessary employment of a comparatively highly paid, tech- nical supervising force. Thus on the one hand, in each year the vast majority of the injured persons receiving less than $600 were employed in the Canal Zone (in the 11 months in 1908-9, 1,362 out of 1,911, or 71.3 per cent; in 1909-10, 2,270 out of 2,953, or 76.9 per cent, and in 1910-11, 3,784 out of 4,464, or 84.5 per cent). On the other hand, the employees in salary groups receiving $1,600 or over were found mainly on the Isthmian Canal. In the 11 months in 1908-9, of the 377 injured persons receiving $1,600 or over, 358, or 95 per cent, were employed in the Canal Zone; and in 1909-10, of 522 receiving $1,600 or over, 488, or 93.5 per cent, were in the Canal Zone; while in 1910-11, 868, or 96.2 per cent of the 902 per- sons injured in this wage group, were employed on the Isthmus. These figures are important as indicating that in case of any important change of the scale of compensation as now provided, different minimum and maximum limits would be necessary for the Canal Zone and other branches of service. Such limits are often established in the form of a proviso that the earnings above a cer- tain amount shall not be taken into consideration. Above $1,600 such limitation would be important only in the Canal Zone, and of very little significance in all other branches of service. On the other hand, a minimum limit adaptable to the other branches may be excessive in case of many Canal Zone employees whose very much lower standard is indicated by the lower level of wages. As the largest number of the lower-paid employees are employed in those branches of the service which contain the greatest danger to life, such as on the Canal Zone and in the Engineer Department, it is quite natural that the lower-paid employees represented a very much larger percentage of the fatally injured employees than of those receiving nonfatal injuries. Of the 233 fatal accidents reported in the 11 months in 1908-9, 63.5 per cent occurred to employees receiving less than $600 per annum, 31.8 per cent to those receiving $600 but less than $1,600, and 4.7 per cent to those receiving $1,600 or over. In 1909-10, of the 231 fatal accidents reported, 48.9 per cent were to workmen receiving less than $600, 46.3 per cent to those receiving $600 but less than $1,600, and 3.5 per cent to those receiving $1,600 or above. For the third year 206 fatalities were reported, of which 62.6 per cent were in the lower group, 33.5 per cent in the second class, and 3.4 per cent among employees receiving $1,600 or above. WORKMEN S COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 45 Both the ratio and distribution of fatal accidents as compared with all accidents reported vary considerably for the period under consider- ation. Thus, in the 11 months in 1908-9, 4.8 per cent of all accidents reported were fatal, in 1909-10 the rate was 3.3 per cent, while in 1910-11 it was but 2.2 per cent. This decrease is obviously due hardly at all to the reduction in the number of fatal accidents occur- ring, but rather to the more general reporting of the minor accidents which occurred. With the limited scope of the act and in the absence of data showing the total number of workmen employed in the different wage groups, no definite conclusions can be reached as to the actual accident rates on the basis of rates of earnings, but it is at least clear from the higher proportion of fatal accidents among the lower-paid workmen that there is no adjustment of wages to compensate for the hazards of especially dangerous employments, as is sometimes claimed. The following table summarizes the cases of fatal injury, classified by rates of pay, and shows the number and per cent in each class of those who received compensation and of those who did not. It is evident that only a minor part of the fatal cases were compensated under the act of May 30, 1908, though in a number of cases compensation was avail- able under other statutes. Claims were made in but 363 cases, and of these 83 were disapproved for various reasons. These reasons have already been indicated (p. 38), but in the absence of data which is fur- nished only in connection with claims, it can not be positively stated why there were but 280 compensated cases out of a total of 670 fatali- ties reported during the three years covered by this report. Approxi- mately 10 per cent seem not to be covered by this or any other act; a somewhat smaller percentage were provided for under the laws relating to the Railway Mail and Life-Saving Services, while a very considerable number were probably persons leaving no dependents under the act, or on account of the distance of such dependents from the place of employment of the deceased workman, no action was taken by them, either on account of ignorance of the facts in the case, or because the 90-day limitation became effective before the facts became known. The large number of failures to make claims in the Isthmian Canal and Reclamation Services support this view. From this table may also be seen the approximate amounts of compensa- tion paid in the various cases, 39.06 per cent being entitled to less than $500, and 60.94 per cent to less than $600 in the 11 months in the first fiscal year, while for the second year the percentages are 45.36 and 58.76, and for the third year, 53.78 per cent and 68.07 per cent, respectively. The summary follows . 46 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF EMPLOYEES REPORTED AS FATALLY INJURED, RECEIV- ING EACH CLASSIFIED YEARLY RATE OF PAY FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-1C, AND 1910-11. Fatal accidents reported. Yearly rate of pay. Compensated cases. Noncompensated cases. Total. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. 1908-9.1 Under $400 17 8 14 5 2 4 2 3 3 26.56 12.50 21.88 7.81 3.13 6.25 3.13 4.69 4.69 50 27 32 5 12 2 11 7 9 4 2 1 1 1 29.59 15. 98 18.93 2.96 7.10 1.18 6.51 4.14 5.33 2.37 1.18 .59 .59 .59 67 35 46 10 14 6 13 10 12 4 2 1 2 1 28.76 $400 and under $500 15.02 19.74 $600 and under $700 4.29 $700 and under $800 6.01 $800 and under $900 2.58 $900 and under $1,000 5.58 $1,000 and under $1,100 4.29 $1,100 and under $1 ,200 5.15 $1,200 and under $1,300 1.72 $1,300 and under $1,400 .86 $1,400 and under $1,500 .43 $1,500 and under $1 ,600 1 1.56 .86 $1,600 and under $1,700 .43 $1,700 and under $1 ,800 $1,800 and under $1,900 . . 2 3.13 2 1.18 4 1.72 $1 ,900 and under $2,000 $2,000 and under $2,500 2 1 3.13 1.56 2 1 1.18 .59 4 2 1.72 $2,500 and over .86 Total 64 100.00 169 100.00 233 100. 00 1909-10. Under $400 34 10 13 6 5 5 13 3 35. 05 10.31 13.40 6.19 5.15 5.15 13.40 3.09 33 11 12 6 4 8 20 8 8 6 8 2 1 3 24.63 8.21 8.96 4.48 2.99 5.97 14.93 5.97 5.97 4.48 5.97 1.49 .75 2.23 67 21 25 12 9 13 33 11 8 9 8 3 1 6 29.00 $400 and under $500 9.09 $500 and under $600 10.82 $600 and under $700 5.19 $700 and under $800 . . . 3.90 $800 and under $900 5.63 $900 and under $1,000 14.29 $1,000 and under $1,100 4.76 $1,100 and under $1,200 3.46 $1 ,200 and under $1,300 3 3.09 3.90 $1,300 and under $1,400 3.46 1 1.03 1.30 $1,500 and under $1,600 .43 $1,600 and under $1,700 3 3.09 2.60 $1,700 and under $1,800 $1 ,800 and under $1 ,900 1 .75 1 .43 $1,900 and under $2,000 $2,000 and under $2,500 1 1.03 1 .43 $2,500 and over Not reported 3 2.23 3 1.30 Total 97 34 30 17 9 7 1 5 3 1 3 1 1 2 1 100. 00 28.57 25.21 14.29 7.56 5.88 .84 4.20 2.52 .84 2.52 .84 .84 1.68 .84 134 30 11 7 5 5 3 4 5 3 6 1 1 3 1 100.00 231 100. 00 1910-11. Under $400 34.48 12.64 8.05 "5.75 5.75 3.45 4.60 5.75 3.45 6.90 1.15 1.15 3.45 1.15 64 41 24 14 12 4 9 8 4 9 2 2 5 2 31.07 $400 and under $500 19.90 $500 and under $600 11.65 $600 and under $700 6.80 $700 and under $800 5.83 $800 and under $900 1.94 $900 and under $1 ,000 4.37 $1,000 and under $1,100 3.88 $1,100 and under $1 ,200 1.94 $1,200 and under $1,300 4.37 .97 .97 $1,500 and under $1,600 2.43 $1,600 and under $1,700 .97 $1,800 and under $1,900 3 2.52 3 1.46 $2,500 and over 1 .84 1 1 1.15 1.15 2 1 .97 .49 Total 119 100.00 87 100.00 206 100.00 1 Eleven months. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 47 CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS. In the tabulation of the causes of accidents the standard classifica- tion of causes as used by many European countries has been adopted with some modifications. General Table V, at the end of this report, shows the accidents by causes in compensated cases, in noncompen- sated cases, and for all accidents reported, for each department or service. The following summary table shows the distribution of injuries by causes for all departments and services combined. Dur- ing the first year the collapse, fall, etc., of materials stands out as the largest single cause of injury, while during the next two years it ranks as one of the three principal causes. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS FROM EACH SPECIFIED CAUSE REPORTED FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. Cause of injury. Motors Power transmission apparatus Working machinery: Using power Not using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc Steam boilers, piping, explosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, poisonous, hot. corrosive materials, gases, vapors, etc - Electric current Collapse, fall, etc., of materials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into ex- cavations Falls on even surface Loading and unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wagons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc. ) Animals (kicks, bites, etc.) and riding Shipping and water transportation Flying bodies, splinters, etc Hand tools and simple instruments Stepping on nails and similar sharp bodies Other causes Cause not reported Total 7.28 3.62 11.23 13.22 8.09 5.60 13.35 2.16 13.30 1.83 1.35 9.52 6.30 1,330 3.31 17.63 1.89 10.23 .87 1.35 10.70 7.32 1 Eleven months. Depending upon the nature of the work and the particular hazards attached to it, the comparative importance of the causes varies from one branch of service to another. In the following table the com- parative importance of all the causes is expressed in totals and in per- centages for the main branches of service, rather than departments, namely, for the Isthmian Canal, the navy yards, the Engineer De- partment of the War Department, the arsenals, the Quartermaster's Department, the Reclamation Service, the Railway Mail Service, the Mail Delivery (rural and city), other branches of the Post Office Department, and the Life-Saving Service. Collapse and fall of materials is a cause of first rank in the Isthmian Canal Service, in the navy yards, arsenals, the Engineer Department, Reclamation 48 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Service, i. e., wherever construction work is done or heavy materials are handled, but it is of very small importance in the Railway Mail Service, Mail Delivery or Life-Saving Service. Other important causes on the Isthmian Canal are loading and unloading, railway operations, and hand tools. Explosives were responsible for 7.55 per cent of all accidents on the Isthmus, and for 8.27 per cent in the Reclamation Service in the 11 months in 1908-9, the percentage for subsequent years being much lower. In general, the causes of accidents in the Engineer Department and the Reclamation Service are quite similar to those on the Isthmian Canal, except that railroad accidents are few in either of these two branches, and explosions are few in the Engineer Department. In the navy yards, power machinery assumes an important position as a cause of injuries; and in the arsenals, which are primarily manu- facturing establishments, a still higher percentage is due to power machinery. In the Post Office Department the causes of accidents are alto- gether different, over three-fourths of all accidents in the Railway Mail Service being due to railroad operation, while in the Mail De- livery Service animals, vehicles, and falls are the most frequent causes. In this branch of service over four-fifths of all accidents are due to five causes: Animals, vehicles, railway operation, and falls either from a height or on even surface. The table follows : NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED FROM EACH SPECIFIED CAUSE, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND ,1910-11, BY DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE. NUMBER: 1908 O.i Departments, services, and establishments. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. Navy yai ds Engi- neer • De- part- ment. Arse- nals. Q.uar- ter- m as- ter's De- part- ment. Rec- lama- tion Serv- ice. Post Office. Life- Sav- ing Serv- ice. All other. Causes of injury. Rail- wav Mail Serv- ice. Mail De- liv- ery. All other. Total. 9 27 106 7 61 43 159 31 3 531 91 2 12 134 3 33 9 2 39 9 209 94 3 5 7 13 4 3 4 1 84 49 1 1 66 2 4 1 1 8 1 1 4 3 3 38 3 13 9 6 12 3 70 40 24 Power -transmission appa- 48 Working machinery: 7 4 362 Not using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, 15 1 2 1 1 7 1 1 3 1 137 Steam boilers, piping, ex- 69 Explosions of dynamite, 11 4 2 3 185 Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive materials, 1 1 104 16 Collapse, fall, etc., of mate- 36 11 6 10 29 S 15 10 4 28 9 8 2 7 995 Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into excavations 356 1 Eleven months. workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 49 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED FROM EACH SPECIFIED CAUSE, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11, BY DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE— Continued. NUMBER: 1908-9— Concluded. Causes of injury. Falls on even surface Loading and unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wag- ons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run- over, etc.) Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding) Shipping and water trans- portation Flying bodies, splinters, etc Hand tools and simple in- struments Stepping on nails and simi- lar sharp bodies Other causes Cause not reported Departments, services, and establishments. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. Navy yards. Total.. Engi- neer De- part- ment. 945 336 204 Quar- ter- mas- ter's De- part- ment. Hoc- in illa- tion Serv- R ail- way Mail Serv- PER CENT: 1908-9.1 Motors Power -transmission appa- ratus Working machinery: Using power Not using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc.. Steam boilers, piping, ex- plosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive materials, gases, vapors, etc Electric current Collapse, fall, etc., of mate- rial, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into excavations Falls on even surface Loading and unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wag- ons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run- over, etc.) Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding) Shipping and water trans- portation Flying bodies, splinters, etc Hand tools and simple in- struments Stepping on nails and simi- lar sharp bodies , Other causes Cause not reported Total.. 4.13 .95 22.12 .42 .63 2.33 13.54 1.59 6.77 .32 14.58 3.27 16.07 32.35 .98 1.96 3.92 17.65 20.69 3.45 5.26 5. 26 11.76 5.88 13.24 19.12 2.94 1.47 12.50 1.79 21.43 1.79 23.21 1.79 8.93 12.50 1.79 100.00 9.62 .76 3.29 2.28 1.52 3.04 .76 17.72 2.13 .33 20.36 1.86 12.40 1.88 2.48 1.0 i.49 80557°— 13- 1 Eleven months. 50 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED FROM EACH SPECIFIED CAUSE, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11, BY DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE— Continued. NUMBER: 1909-10. Causes of injury. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. Departments, services, and establishments. Navy yards. Kngi- neer De- part- ment. Quar- ter- ii i as- ter's De- part- Rec- lama- tion Serv- ice. Rail- way Mail Serv- ice. Motors Power- transmission appa- ratus Working machinery: Using power Not using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc Steam boilers, piping, ex- plosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, p o i s o nous, hot, corrosive materials, gases, vapors, etc Electric current Collapse, fall, etc., of ma- terials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into excavations Falls on even surface Loading and unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wag- ons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc) Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding) Shipping and water trans- portation Flying bodies, splinters,etc Hand tools and simple in- struments Stepping on nails and simi- lar sharp bodies Other causes Cause not reported Total Motors Power-transmission appa- ratus Working machinery: Using power Not using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc Steam boiler, piping, ex- plosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive materials, gases, vapors, etc Electric current Collapse, fall, etc., of ma- terials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into excavations PER CENT: 1909-10. 12 1.36 2.81 .28 0.31 .76 12.47 .54 1.68 .96 3.37 .48 5.26 0.19 1.16 11.63 1.74 3.14 25.49 .39 1.45 2.90 0.54 5.38 .54 3.28 "i."75 4.33 2.45 10.10 1.45 .54 0.44 4.92 2.52 .12 1.58 .69 .24 .96 1.08 1.61 0.15 .97 .39 .39 2.97 .65 16.56 5.66 1.38 15.07 2.16 12.03 4.71 .78 10.98 7.25 1.45 4.35 7.53 1.08 18.28 .15 .44 3.51 6.01 .19 10.85 1.97 .88 9.84 5.82 9.79 13.46 5.49 11.59 13.98 2.43 18.42 11.48 10.53 14.34 workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 51 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED FROM EACH SPECIFIED CAUSE, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11, BY DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE— Continued. PER CENT: 1909-10— Concluded. Causes of injury. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. Falls on even surface Loading and unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wag- ons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc) Animals (kick bites, etc., and riding) Shipping and water trans- portation Flying bodies, splinters, etc Hand tools and simple in- struments Stepping on nails and simi- lar sharp bodies Other causes Cause not reported Total.. Departments, services, and establishmonts. Navy yards. 5.17 16.76 .43 .99 11.85 7.76 3.15 6.3^ .22 5.36 14.46 100.00,100.00 6.49 11.06 1.20 4.81 .72 7.69 5.05 6.01 3.85 Quar- 3.92 12.94 3.14 12.16 8.63 8.70 17.39 11.59 18.84 4.35 Rec- lama- tion Scrv- 3.23 3.76 8. 06 5.91 1.21 2.58 1.37 81.94 .46 100.00.100.00 13.11 11.48 14.75 3.28 4.92 6.56 1.64 13.11 1.64 100.00100.00 NUMBER: 1910-11. Motors Power-transmission appa- ratus Working machinery: Using power Not using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc. Steam boilers, piping, ex- plosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive material, gases, vapors, etc Electric current Collapse, fall, etc., of ma- terials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into excavations Falls on even surface Loading and unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wag- ons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc) , Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding) Shipping and water trans- portation Flying bodies, splinters, etc. Hand tools and simple in- struments Stepping on nails and simi- lar sharp bodies Other causes Cause not reported Total.. 9,153 52 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED FROM EACH SPECIFIED CAUSE, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11, BY DEPARTMENTS AND BRANCHES OF SERVICE— Concluded. PER CENT: 1910-11. Causes of injury. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. Motors Power-transmission appa- ratus Working machinery: Using power , Not using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc. Steam boilers, piping, ex- plosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive material, gases, vapors, etc Electric current Collapse, fall, etc., of ma- terials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into excavations Falls on even surface Loading and unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wag- ons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc) Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding). Shipping and water trans- portation Flying bodies, splinters, etc. Hand tools and simple in- struments Stepping on nails and simi- lar sharp bodies Other causes Cause not reported Total..' Departments, services, and establishments. Navy yards. 0. 20 1.46 3. 65 .80 5.11 1.19 20.50 Kngi- 1.00 3.01 .60 5.42 1.20 3.82 2.81 17.07 Quar- 1.39 4. 17 16.67 5.56 5.56 12.50 )0 1l Rec- lama- tion Serv- ice. 4.57 .46 3. 65 5.94 1.37 Rail- way Mail Serv- 4.63 1.81 78.47 .40 8.51 8.51 12.77 2.13 4.26 3.85 15.38 9.83 6.S 2.31 3. 1.54 2.50 1.73 1.54 0.38 1.23 5.95 1.83 3.29 1.46 1.27 2.74 .68 14.99 15.09 2.27 12.46 1.38 The causes of fatal accidents are summarized in the following brief table. In the 11 months ending June 30, 1909, explosions caused the largest number of fatalities in the Isthmian Canal Service, this being due to a few accidents, each affecting several persons; less than 5 per cent of the fatalities were due to this cause the second year. Taking the three years together, railway operations, etc., furnish by far the greatest number of cases of fatal injuries. It is obvious that no gen- eral conclusions can be based on the limited data yet available, but they are of interest as showing the current facts. The table follows. workmen's compensation under act OP MAY 30, 1908. 53 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF FATAL ACCIDENTS REPORTED FROM EACH CAUSE, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. All other de- partments, services, and establishments. 1908-9.1 Motors Power-transmission apparatus Working machinery, using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc Steam boilers, piping, explosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive materials, gases , vapors, etc Electric current „ Collapse, fall, etc. , of materials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into ex- cavations Falls on even surface Loading, unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wagons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc) Animals (kicks, bites, etc. , and riding) Shipping and water transportation Other causes Cause not reported Total. . 1909-10. Motors Power-transmission apparatus Working machinery, using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc Steam boilers, piping, explosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive materials, gases, vapors, etc E lectric current Collapse, fall, etc., of materials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into ex- cavations Falls on even surface Loading, unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wagons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc) Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding) Shipping and water transportation Other causes Cause not reported Total 1910 11. Motors Power-transmission apparatus Working machinery, using power Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc Steam boilers, piping, explosions, etc Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc Electric current Collapse, fall, etc., of materials, etc Falls from ladders, stairs, scaffolding, etc., or into ex- cavations Falls on even surface Loading, unloading, lifting, carrying, etc Vehicles (run over by wagons, carts, etc.) Railway operation (run over, etc) Animals (kicks, bites, etc. and riding) Shipping and water transportation Flying bodies, splinters, etc Hand tools and simple instruments Stepping on nails and similar sharp bodies Other causes Cause not reported Total 4.71 1.18 15.79 1.75 6.14 .88 13.16 2.63 22.81 2 1.37 1 .68 6 4.11 1 .68 8.90 2.05 3.42 . (is 3.42 26.71 4.79 19.86 6.16 2.74 100. 00 i Eleven months. 54 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. DURATION OF DISABILITY. The duration of the disability resulting from accidents is one of the most important factors in computing the cost of a compensation sys- tem. In General Table VI (pp. 140-147) of this report the data are presented somewhat in detail for all accidents reported, by causes of injury, for the Isthmian Canal Commission, for all other branches of service, and for the two combined. The separation of the injuries occurring in the Canal Zone from the others is important on account of the nature of the work and the large proportion of unskilled work- men employed, as for both of these reasons there is a higher accident rate and the resultant injuries are more serious than in the more per- manent lines of service with better trained and disciplined employees than the nature of conditions on the Isthmus renders possible. The separation is important also because of the, fact that accidents involving disability of 15 days and less, which are not compensated under the act of May 30, 1908, are in the case of employees of the Canal Commission only, compensated under the act of February 24, 1909. The following table summarizes the accidents reported by duration of disability, and shows the number and per cent causing disability for the various periods : NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. Duration of disability. Isthmian Canal Commission. All other depart- ments, services, and establish- ments. Total. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. 1908-9.1 768 394 266 158 105 70 45 28 19 20 10 7 11 16 17 8 17 7 20 119 36.48 18.72 12.64 7.51 4.99 3.33 2.14 1.33 .90 .95 .48 .33 .52 .76 .81 .38 .81 .33 .95 5.65 767 371 371 274 214 120 84 57 74 35 26 18 28 51 36 30 66 20 23 114 27.60 13.35 13.35 9.86 7.70 4.32 3.02 2.05 2.66 1.26 .94 .65 1.01 1.84 1.30 1.08 2.37 .72 .83 4.10 1,535 765 637 432 319 190 129 85 93 55 36 25 39 67 53 38 83 27 43 233 31.43 15.66 13.04 8.85 6.53 3.89 2.64 1.74 1 90 1.13 .74 .51 .80 1.37 1 09 .78 1.70 .55 .88 Fatal 4.77 Total 2 2, 105 100. 00 3 2, 779 100. 00 <4,884 100.00 i Eleven months. 2 Not including 2 cases, duration of disability not reported. * Not including 1 case, duration of disability not reported. « Not including 3 cases, duration of disability not reported. workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 55 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11— Concluded. Duration of disability. Isthmian Canal Commission. All other depart- ments, services, and establish- ments. Total. Number. Percent. Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent. 1909-10. 1,362 620 266 234 181 123 56 48 45 22 21 15 12 32 11 14 40 6 35 85 42.19 19.21 8.24 7.25 5.61 3.81 1.73 1.49 1.39 .68 .65 .46 .37 .99 . .34 .43 1.24 .19 1.08 2.63 918 530 538 444 286 136 105 91 97 41 35 27 34 65 44 42 87 40 14 146 24.68 14.25 14.46 11.94 7.69 3.66 2.82 2.45 2.61 1.10 .94 .73 .91 1.75 1.18 1.13 2.34 1.08 .38 3.92 2,280 1,150 804 678 467 259 161 139 142 63 56 42 46 97 55 56 127 46 49 231 32.82 16.55 11.57 9.76 6.72 3.73 2.32 2.00 2.04 .91 .81 .60 .66 1.40 .79 .81 1.83 .66 .71 Fatal 3.32 Total » 3, 228 100. 00 a 3, 720 100. 00 »6,948 100.00 1910 11. 2,674 1,147 364 267 208 106 70 36 29 25 21 6 16 28 12 17 49 22 29 105 51.11 21.93 6.96 5.10 3.98 2.03 1.34 .69 .55 .48 .40 .11 .31 .54 .23 .32 .94 .42 .55 2.01 993 491 584 472 286 164 109 72 82 39 34 25 36 55 48 36 88 28 29 101 26.33 13.02 15.48 12.51 7.58 4.35 2.89 1.91 2.17 1.03 .90 .66 .95 1.46 1.27 .95 2.33 .74 .77 2.68 3,667 1,638 948 739 494 270 179 108 111 64 55 31 52 83 60 53 137 50 58 206 40.73 18.19 10.53 8.21 5.49 3.00 1.99 1.20 1.23 .71 .61 .34 .58 .92 .67 .59 1.52 .56 .64 Fatal . 2.29 TotaL <5,231 100.00 »3,772 100.00 « 9, 003 100.00 i Not including 5 cases, duration of disability not reported. 2 Not including 34 cases, duration of disability not reported. 3 Not including 39 cases, duration of disability not reported. «Not including 145 cases, duration of disability not reported. 6 Not including 11 cases, duration of disability not reported. 6 Not including 156 cases, duration of disability not reported. Some caution is necessary in considering these data. First, there is apparent a very low proportion of injuries reported as permanent. As a matter of fact, the information concerning permanent disability is necessarily incomplete, since the law does not concern itself with the results of the injuries after the expiration of the first year, and the department has no means of determining accurately how many of the injuries lead to permanent disability. Whether ultimate recovery will take place or not can only be estimated, and it is very likely that many of the cases reported as of a duration of 365 days, or a longer 56 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. period, may actually be cases of permanent disability. No method exists, however, of following up cases of injury after the termination of the first year of disability. A further important qualification is found in the failure of the law to recognize partial permanent disability. In case of return to work the disability is considered as having terminated, though the results of the injury are often permanent and such as seriously to impair the earning capacity of the employee in any other employment which he might be forced at some time to seek. In some cases the permanent nature of the injuries and the permanent reduction of earning capacity are quite evident, as may be ascertained by an examination of the tables in which the accidents are classified according to the nature of the injury and duration of disability. (See Table IX.) A comparison of the distribution of the accidents reported according to duration of disability on the Isthmian Canal with all other depart- ments, services, and establishments discloses marked differences. A comparatively larger proportion of injuries from accidents reported as occurring on the Canal Zone lasted less than 15 days (55.20 per cent in the 11 months in 1908-9, 61.40 per cent in 1909-10, and 73.05 per cent in 1910-11) than in all other branches of service (40.95 per cent in the 11 months in 1908-9, 38.93 per cent in 1909-10, and 39.35 per cent in 1910-11); and correspondingly a larger proportion of the accidents reported lasted from 15 to 21 days in the other branches than in the Canal Zone, namely, 13.35 as against 12.62 in the 11 months in 1908-9, 14.33 as against 8.23 in 1909-10, and 15.48 per cent as against 6.96 in 1910-11 ; for accidents of 21 to 28 days' dura- tion the comparative proportions are 9.86 per cent and 7.50 per cent for the first period, 11.83 and 7.24 in 1909-10, and 12.51 and 5.10 in 1910-11; for injuries of 28 to 35 days' duration the proportions are 7.7 per cent and 4.98 per cent in the 11 months in 1908-9, 7.62 per cent and 5.60 per cent in 1909-10, and 7.58 and 3.98 in 1910-11. The difference may be partly due to better reporting of minor acci- dents in the Isthmian Canal Zone, but also probably to the fact that all injured employees receive gratuitous medical and surgical aid from Government physicians and are consequently under closer medical supervision, which, while necessarily leading to more accurate report- ing of accidents, must both accelerate the actual recovery from injuries and also prevent the undue extension of absence from work beyond the time required by the condition of the injury. Further- more, employees on the Isthmus are compensated for all periods of disability under the system of meritorious sick leave, authorized by the act of February 24, 1909, thus differing from that provision of the general law which allows no comp3nsation in other departments and branches of service in cases of disability lasting not over 15 days, and full compensation for the entire time of disability when it lasts more than 15 days; and this fact is known to exercise a material influence workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 57 upon the reported duration of disability in individual cases perhaps sufficient in number to affect the foregoing statistical showing on this point. In the following table a comparison is made of the duration of compensated accidents with that of noncompensated accidents for the purpose of determining whether the fact of compensation appears to influence in any way the duration of disability. For the purposes of this comparison all accidents leading to a disability of 15 days and under were eliminated, as these do not lead to any compensation under the law. The fatal accidents were also eliminated, as in these cases the fact of compensation can not affect the question under con- sideration. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF COMPENSATED AND NONCOMPENSATED CASES, BY CLASSIFIED DAYS OF DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS, 1908-9, 1909-10, 1910-11. Compensated cases. Noncompensated cases. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. All other depart- ments, serv- ices, and es- tablish- ments. Total. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. All other depart- ments, serv- ices, and es- tablish- ments. Total. Duration of disability. Num- ber. Per cent. Num- ber. Per cent. 1908-9.1 221 140 94 61 42 24 19 17 9 7 8 14 12 7 15 7 20 223 197 125 83 53 32 31 17 17 8 10 31 13 16 26 11 18 444 337 219 144 95 56 50 34 26 15 18 45 25 23 41 18 38 27.27 20.70 13.45 8.85 5.84 3.44 3.07 2.09 1.60 .92 1.11 2.76 1.54 1.41 2.52 1.11 2.33 45 18 11 9 3 4 3' 1 3' 2 5 1 2 148 77 89 37 31 25 43 18 9 10 18 20 23 14 40 9 5 193 95 100 46 34 29 43 21 10 10 21 22 28 15 42 9 5 26.69 13.14 13.83 6.36 4.70 4.01 5.95 2.90 1.38 1.38 2.90 Over 91 but not over 119 days Over 119 but not over 147 days Over 147 but not over 182 days Over 182 but not over 365 days 3.04 3.87 2.07 5.81 1.24 .69 Total 717 2 911 2 1,628 100. 00 3 107 616 »723 100.00 1909-10. 256 222 165 121 55 45 40 22 20 13 12 30 11 14 369 342 161 94 61 55 34 27 17 16 9 35 18 20 625 564 326 215 116 100 74 49 37 29 21 65 29 34 25.73 23.22 13.42 8.85 4.78 4.12 3.05 2.02 1.52 1.19 .86 2.68 1.19 1.40 10 12 16 2 1 3 5 i' 2 2' 169 102 125 42 44 36 63 14 18 11 25 30 26 22 179 114 141 44 45 39 68 14 19 13 25 32 26 22 20.86 13.29 16.43 5.13 5.24 4.55 7.93 1.63 2.21 1.52 2.91 Over 91 but not over 119 days Over 119 but not over 147 days Over 147 but not over 182 days 3.73 3.03 2.56 1 Eleven months. 2 Not including 1 case, duration of disability not reported. » Not including 2 cases, duration of disability not reported. 58 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF COMPENSATED AND NONCOMPENSATED CASES, BY CLASSIFIED DAYS OF DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, 1910-11— Concluded. Compensated cases. Noncompensated cases. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. All other depart- ments, serv- ices, and es- tablish- ments. Total. Isth- mian Canal Com- mis- sion. All other depart- ments, serv- ices, and es- tablish- ments. Total. Duration of disability. Num- ber. Per cent. Num- ber. Per cent. 1909-10— Concluded. Over 182 but not over 365 days 40 6 33 42 10 14 82 16 47 3.38 .66 2~ 45 30 45 30 2 5.24 3.50 .23 Total 1,105 1,324 2,429 100. 00 156 a 802 3 858 100.00 1910-11. 356 252 201 103 68 35 27 24 21 6 14 23 11 17 48 21 26 433 390 191 118 74 55 45 26 17 14 14 34 30 18 52 13 21 789 642 392 221 142 90 72 50 38 20 28 57 41 35 100 34 47 28.20 22.94 14.01 7.90 5.08 3.22 2.57 1.79 1.36 .71 1.00 2.04 1.47 1.25 3.57 - 1.22 1.68 8 15 7 3 2 1 2 1 2 5 1 i' i 3 151 82 95 46 35 17 37 13 17 11 22 21 18 18 36 15 8 159 97 102 49 37 18 39 14 17 11 24 26 19 18 37 16 11 22.91 13.98 14.70 7.06 5.33 Over 49 but not over 56 days 2.59 5.62 2.02 2.45 1.59 3.46 Over 91 but not over 119 days Over 119 but not over 147 days Over 147 but not over 182 days Over 182 but not over 365 days 3.75 2.74 2.59 5.33 2.31 1.59 Total * 1,253 1,545 « 2, 798 100. 00 *52 6 642 * 694 100.00 1 Not including 2 Not including 3 Not including * Not including s Not including 6 Not including 7 Not including 5 cases, duration of disability not reported. 34 cases, duration of disability not reported. 39 cases, duration of disability not reported. 20 cases, duration of disability not reported. 72 cases, duration of disability not reported. 11 cases, duration of disability not reported. 83 cases, duration of disability not reported. If only nonfatal accidents reported as causing disability for over 15 days are compared, it appears that 781, or 47.97 per cent, of the total compensated cases in 1908-9 lasted from 15 to 28 days, as against 288, or 39.83 per cent, of the total number of noncompensated cases. The noncompensated accidents, on the other hand, showed a higher proportion of the longer periods of disability. In 1909-10 there were 1,189? or 48.95 per cent, of the compensated accidents that caused disability from 15 to 28 days and 293, or 34.15 per cent, of the noncompensated cases, while in 1910-11, 51.14 per cent of the 1,431 compensated cases lasted from 15 to 28 days, as against 256, or 36.89 per cent, of the noncompensated cases. The facts as to the longer periods of disability are the same for the second and third years as for the first year. workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 59 The larger percentages in cases of minor compensated accidents, as compared with the minor noncompensated accidents, probably mean that in the case of such minor accidents those which are entitled to compensation are reported more carefully or, again, a certain extension of disability in some cases to bring the accident within the law is probable, as was suggested on a preceding page, and has also been recognized in the administration of the law. Beyond that, however, the statistics of the duration of accidents reveal no tendency to prolong the period of disability unnecessarily. Comparing accidents of like classes as to duration, it appears that of 1,069 cases of disability in the 11 months in 1908-9 of from 15 to 28 days' duration 781, or 73.06 per cent, were compensated and 288, or 26.94 per cent, were not, while in 1909-10 there were 1,482 accidents of this class, of which 1,189, or 80.23 per cent, were compensated and 293, or 19.77 per cent, were not; and in 1910-11, of a total of 1,687 cases of disability of this duration, 1,431, or 84.8 per cent, were compensated and 256, or 15.2 per cent, were not. Of 971 accidents in the 11 months .in 1908-9 causing disability of from 28 to 91 days' duration 657, or 67.66 per cent, were compen- sated and 314, or 32.34 per cent, were without compensation. In 1909-10 the number in this class was 1,375, of which 967, or 70.33 per cent, were compensated and 408, or 29.67 per cent, were not, while in 1910-11 there were 1,364 such accidents, of which 1,053, or 77.20 per cent, were compensated and 311, or 22.80 per cent, were not. There were 311 accidents reported in the 11 months ending June 30, 1909, causing disability for over 91 days, and of these 190, or 61.09 per cent, were compensated and 121, or 38.91 per cent, were not. In 1909-10 there were 430 accidents of this class, of which 273, or 63.49 per cent, received compensation and 157, or 36.51 per cent, did not, while of the 441 cases of this class occurring in 1910-11, 314, or 71.20 per cent, were compensated and 127, or 28.80 per cent, were not. DURATION OF DISABILITY AND CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED. General Table VI also furnishes material for a study of the relation of the cause of the accident to the duration of the resultant disability, accidents being there classified by cause and duration. A decided difference between effects of different causes may be easily noticed even on a casual inspection of these tables. For purposes of a more careful comparison, all accidents (including those resulting in disa- bility of 15 days and under) have been classified as to duration in the following summary table into six groups — those lasting not over 4 weeks, from 4 to not over 13 weeks, from 13 to not over 26 weeks, from 26 weeks to 1 year, over 1 year (including permanent), and fatal. 60 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OE COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY CAUSE OF INJURY AND CLASSIFIED DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11. Disability of— Cause of injury. 4 weeks and under. Over 4 but not over 13 weeks. Over 13 but not over 26 weeks. Over 26 weeks but not over 1 year. Over 1 year. Fatal. Total. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. 1908-9.1 Motors: Isthmian Canal Corn- 7 7 77.78 46.67 2 5 22.22 33.33 9 15 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 2 13.33 1 6.67 100. 00 Total 14 58.33 7 29.17 2 8.33 1 4.17 24 100.00 Power-transmission ap- paratus: Isthmian Canal Corn- 23 14 85.19 66.67 3 4 11.11 19.05 1 1 3.70 4.76 27 21 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 4.76 1 4.70 100. 00 Total 37 77.08 7 14.58 1 2.08 1 2.08 2 4.17 48 100.00 Working machinery, us- ing power: Isthmian Canal Corn- 86 189 81.13 74.12 17 53 16.04 20.78 2 5 1.89 1.96 1 '3 0.94 1.18 106 2 255 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 .39 4 1.57 100. 00 Total 275 76.18 70 19.39 7 1.94 4 1.11 1 .28 4 1.11 2 361 100. 00 Working machinery, not using power: Isthmian Canal Corn- 7 4 100.00 50.00 7 8 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 12.50 1 12.50 2 25.00 100. 00 Total 11 73.33 1 6.67 1 6.67 2 13.33 15 100.00 Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc.: Isthmian Canal Com- mission 43 36 70.49 47.37 13 27 21.31 35.53 4 4 6.56 5.26 1 3 1.64 3.95 61 76 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 4 5.26 2 2.63 100. 00 Total 79 57.66 40 29.20 4 2.92 2 1.4b 8 5.84 4 2.92 137 100. 00 Steam boilers, piping, etc., explosions, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 41 20 95.35 76.92 2 3 4.65 11.54 43 26 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 3.85 1 3. 85 1 3.85 100. 00 Total 61 88.41 5 7.25 1 1.45 1 1.45 1 1.45 69 100. 00 Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc.: Isthmian Canal Com- mission All other departments, services, and estab- 81 13 50.94 50.00 21 6 13.21 23.08 6 2 3.77 7.69 3 1 1.89 3.85 4 2 2.52 7.69 44 2 27.67 7.69 159 26 100. 00 100. 00 Total 94 50.81 27 14.59 8 4.32 4 2.16 6 3.24 46 24.86 185 100.00 1 Eleven months. « Not including 1 case, duration of disability not reported. workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 61 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY CAUSE OF INJURY AND CLASSIFIED DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11— Continued. Disability of— Cause of injury. 4 weeks and under. Over 4 but not over 13 weeks. Over 13 but not over 26 weeks. Over 26 weeks but not over 1 year. Over 1 year. Fatal. Total. No. Per cent. No. Per cenl . No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. «»-b. No. Per cent. 1908-9— Continued . Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive materi- als, gases, vapors, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 28 54 90.32 73.97 2 14 6.45 19.18 i i 3.23 1.37 31 73 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 3 4.11 1 1.37 100.00 Total 82 78.85 16 15.38 3 2.88 1 .96 2 1.92 104 100. 00 Electric current: Isthmian Canal Corn- 2 10 66.67 76.92 1 1 33.33 7.69 3 13 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 2 15.38 100. 00 Total 12 75.00 2 12.50 2 12.50 16 100.00 Collapse, fall, etc., of ma- terials, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 428 321 80.60 69.18 92 14.50 19.83 13 14 3.45 3.02 1 10 .19 2.16 2 12 0.38 2.59 10 15 1.88 3.23 531 464 100. 00 All other departments, services, and e stab- 100.00 Total 749 75.28 169 16.98 27 2.71 11 1.11 14 1.41 25 2.51 995 100.00 Falls from ladders, etc., or into excavations, etc. : Isthmian Canal Com- mission 60 75.82 60.38 17 62 is. as 23. 40 1 17 1.10 6.42 2 6 2.20 2.26 2 18 2.20 6.79 91 265 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 160 2 .75 100.00 Total 229 64.33 79 22.19 18 5.06 8 2.25 2 .56 20 5.62 356 56 121 100. 00 Falls on even surface: Isthmian Canal Com- mission 43 73 76.79 60.33 10 34 17. 86 28. in 1 8 1.79 6.61 1 2 1.79 1.65 1 2 1.79 1.65 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 2 1.65 100.00 Total 116 65.54 44 24.86 5.08 3 1.69 2 1.13 3 1.69 177 100 00 Loading, unloading, lift- ing, carrying, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 212 183 75.44 68.03 55 67 19.57 24.01 4 6 1.42 2.23 1 3 .36 1.12 3 3 1.07 1.12 6 7 2.14 2.60 1281 269 100.00 All other departments, services, andestab- 100 00 Total 395 10 53 71.82 66.67 69.74 122 22. IS 26.^7 10.74 10 1.82 4 .73 6 1.09 13 2.36 1550 100.00 Vehicles (run over by wagons, carts, etc.): Isthmian Canal Com- mission 4 15 1 1 6.67 1.32 15 76 100.00 A 11 other departments, services, and estab- 3 3.95 3 3.95 1 1.32 100.00 Total 63 69.23 19 20. 881 * 3.30 3 3.30 1 1.10 2 2.20 91 100 00 i Not including 1 care, duration of disability not reported. 62 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY CAUSE OF INJURY AND CLASSIFIED DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11— Continued. Disability of— Cause of injury. 4 weeks and under. Over 4 but not over 13 weeks. Over 13 but not over 26 weeks. Over 26 weeks but not over 1 year. Over 1 year. Fatal. Total. No Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. 1908-9— Contin ued. Railway operation (run over, etc.): Isthmian Canal Corn- 131 146 52. 82 40. 78 45 139 18.15 38.83 10 26 4.03 7.26 8 24 3.23 6.70 13 8 5.24 2.23 41 15 16.53 4.19 248 358 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100.00 Total 277 45. 71 184 30.36 36 5.94 32 5.28 21 3.47 56 9.24 606 100.00 Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding): Isthmian Canal Corn- 9 50 64.29 64.94 5 17 35.71 22.08 14 77 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 4 5.19 3 3.90 3 3.90 100.00 Total 59 64. 84 22 24.18 4 4.40 3 3.30 3 3.30 91 100. 00 Shipping and water trans- portation: Isthmian Canal Corn- 23 45 65. 71 52.94 3 13 8.57 15. 29 1 1 2.86 1.18 8 26 22.86 30.59 135 l 85 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100.00 Total 68 56. 67 16 13.33 2 1.67 34 28.33 2 120 100. 00 Flying bodies, splinters etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 12 29 75. CO 78. 38 3 6 18.75 16.22 1 6.25 16 37 100. 00 All other departments, services, and es tab- 2 5.41 100.00 Total 41 77. 36 9 16.98 2 3.77 1 1.89 53 100.00 Hand tools and simple instruments: Isthmian Canal Corn- 202 176 87. S3 75. 21 27 46 11.74 19.66 1 9 .43 3.85 230 234 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 .43 2 .85 100.00 Total 378 81.47 73 15.73 10 2.16 1 .22 2 .43 464 100. 00 Stepping on nails and sim- ilar sharp bodies: Isthmian Canal Corn- 54 54 98. 18 94.74 1 3 1.82 5.26 55 57 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100.00 Total .' 108 96.43 4 3.57 112 100. 00 Other causes: Isthmian Canal Corn- 75 144 87. 21 67.92 8 42 9.30 19.81 2 8 2.33 3.77 1 9 1.16 4.25 86 212 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 7 3.30 2 .94 100. 00 Total 219 73.49 50 16.78 10 3.36 7 2.35 2 .67 10 3.36 298 100.00 1 Not including 1 case, duration of disability not reported. a Not including 2 cases, duration of disability not reported. workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 63 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY CAUSE OF INJURY AND CLASSIFIED DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11— Continued. Disability of— Cause of injury. 4 weeks and under. Over 4 but not over 13 weeks. Over 13 but not over 26 weeks. Over 26 weeks but not over 1 year. Over 1 year. Fatal. Total. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent No. Per cent. 100.00 36.36 No. Per cent. 1908-9— Concluded. Cause not reported: Isthmian Canal Corn- 1 4 1 11 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 2 18.18 5 45. 45 100.00 Total 2 5 5 12 100.00 Total: Isthmian Canal Corn- 1,586 1,783 75.34 64.16 315 14.96 656 23.61 41 117 1.95 '4.21 17 66 0.81 2.37 27 43 1.28 1.55 119 114 5.65 4.10 12,105 2 2,779 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100.00 Total 3,369 fi8. 9S 971 19 -88 158 3.24 83 1.70 70 1.43 233 4.77 M,884 100.00 1909-10. Motors: Isthmian Canal Com- 2 2 50.00 13.33 1 1 25.00 6.67 1 1 l 1 25.00 4 15 100. 00 All other departments, services, and es tab- 12 sn.no mn m Total 12 63.16 4 21.05 2 10.53 1 5.26 19J100.00 Power-transmission appa- ratus: Isthmian Canal Corn- 33 18 75.00 60.00 7 7 15.91 23.33 2 2 4.55 6.67 1 1 2.27 3.33 1 2.27 2 6. 67 44 30 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- inn.no Total 51 68.92 14 18.92 4 5.41 2 2.70 3 4.05 74 100.00 Working machinery, using power: Isthmian Canal Corn- 65 222 71.43 70.93 20 84 21.98 26.84 2 2 2.20 .64 3 1 3.30 .32 1 1.10 .32 91 3 313 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 3 .96 100.00 Total 287 71.04 104 25.74 4 .99 3 .74 4 .99 2 .50 3 404 100.00 Working machinery, not using power: Isthmian Canal Corn- 3 13 33. 33 61.90 3 6 33.33 28.57 1 1 11.11 4.76 1 1 11.11 4.76 1 11.11 9 21 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100.00 Total 16 53.33 9 30.00 2 6.67 2 6.67 1 3.33 30 100.00 Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 97 fiQ. 29 25 22 17.86 23.66 3 2 2.14 2.15 4 2 2.86 2.15 2 1.43 9 6 6.43 fi.45 140 93 100 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 61,65.59 100 00 TotaL 158 R7 si 47 20.17 5 2.15 6 2.58 2 .86 233 1 Not including 2 cases, duration of disability not reported. * Not including 1 case, duration of disability not reported. ■ Not including 3 cases, duration of disability not reported. 64 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY CAUSE OF INJURY AND CLASSIFIED DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND / 1910-11— Continued. Disability of— Cause of injury. 4 weeks and under. Over 4 but not over 13 weeks. Over 13 but not over 26 weeks. Over 26 weeks but not over 1 year. Over 1 year. Fatal. Total. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent . No. Per cenl . No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. 1909-10— Continued. Steam boilers, piping, etc., explosions, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 1 15 25.00 83.33 2 2 50.00 11.11 1 25. 00 4 18 100. 00 All other depart- ments, services, and establishments 1 5.56 100. 00 Total 16 72.73 4 18.18 1 4.55 1 4.55 22 100. 00 Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 25 2 49.02 20.00 13 4 25.49 40.00 2 * 2 3.92 20.00 3 5.88 4 2 7.84 20. 00 4 7.84 51 10 100.00 All other depart- ments, services, and 100.00 Total 27 44.26 17 27.87 4 6.56 3 4,92 6 9.84 4 6.56 61 100. 00 Inflammable, poisonous, hot, corrosive materials; gases, vapors, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 86 100 89.58 67.57 76.23 9 31 9.38 20.95 1 13 1.04 8.78 96 i 148 100. 00 All other depart- ments, services, and 3 2.03 1 .68 100.00 Total 186 40 16.39 3 1.23 1 .41 14 5.74 1244 100. 00 Electric current: Isthmian Canal Corn- 13 17 61.90 70.83 66.67 2 3 9.52 12.50 1 4.76 5 3 23.81 12.50 21 24 100. 00 All other depart- ments, services, and 1 4.17 100.00 Total 30 5 11.11 1 2.22 1 2.22 8 17.78 45 100. 00 Collapse, falls, etc., of materials, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 425 272 79.44 70.47 78 80 14.58 20.73 8 14 1.50 3.63 10 10 1.87 2.59 7 5 1.31 1.30 7 5 1.31 1.30 535 2 386 100. 00 All other depart- ments, services, and establishments 100.00 Total 697 75.68 158 17.16 22 2. 39 20 2.17 12 1.30 12 1.30 2 921 100. 00 Falls from ladders, etc., or into excavations, etc. : Isthmian Canal Corn- 133 224 70.74 60.05 39 83 20.74 22.25 3 26 1.60 6.97 6 14 3.19 3.75 2 5 1.06 1.34 5 21 2.66 5.63 188 3 373 100. 00 All other depart- ments, services, and establishments. 100. 00 Total 357 63.64 , 122 21.75 29 5.17 20 3.57 7 1.25 26 4.63 3 561 100. 00 1 Not including 1 case, duration of disability not reported. 2 Not including 3 cases, duration of disability not reported. » Not including 4 cases, duration of disability not reported. workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 65 NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY CAUSE OF INJURY AND" CLASSIFIED DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11— Continued. Disability of— Cause of injury. 4 weeks and under. Over 4 but not over 13 weeks. Over 13 but not over 26 weeks. Over 26 weeks but not over 1 year. Over 1 year. Fatal. Total. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. 1909-10— Continued. Falls on even surface: Isthmian Canal Com- 144 151 86.23 68.64 22 58 13.17 26.36 1 8 0.60 3.64 167 1220 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 0.45 1 0.45 1 0.45 100.00 Total 295 76.23 80 20.67 9 2.33 1 .26 1 .26 1 .26 1387 100. 00 Loading, unloading, lift- ing, carrying, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 388 279 71.85 72.09 135 88 25.00 22.74 9 8 1.67 2.07 6 9 1.11 2.33 1 3 .19 .78 1 .19 2 540 1387 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100. 00 Total 667 71.95 78.57 65.93 223 2 34 24.06 14.29 25.19 17 1.83 15 1 1 1.62 7.14 .74 4 .43 1 .11 3 927 100. 00 Vehicles (run over by wagons, carts, etc.): Isthmian Canal Corn- 11 89 14 2 135 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 5 3.70 1 .74 5 3.70 100. 00 Total 100 67.11 36 24.16 5 3.36 2 1.34 1 .67 5 3.36 2 149 100.00 Railway operation (run over, etc.): Isthmian Canal Corn- 182 248 55. 15 41.75 70 195 21.21 32.83 14 46 4.24 7.74 6 36 1.82 6.06 20 30 6.06 5.05 38 39 11.52 6.57 2330 «594 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- lishments 100. 00 Total 430 46.54 265 28.68 60 6.49 42 4.55 50 5.41 77 8.33 5 924 100. 00 Animals (kicks, bites, etc., and riding): Isthmian Canal Corn- 12 66 85.71 59.46 2 23 14.29 20.72 14 «111 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 11 9.91 4 3.60 7 6.31 100. 00 Total 7S 62.40 25 20.00 11 8.80 4 3.20 7 5.60 <125 100. 00 Shipping and water trans- portation: Isthmian Canal Corn- 18 17 35 56, 25 27.87 37.63 4 14 18 12.50 22.95 1 3.13 9 29 28.13 47.54 32 •61 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 1.64 100.00 Total 19.35 1 1.08 1 1.08 3S 40.86 6 93 100.00 iNot including 4 cases, duration of disability not reported. *Not including 2 cases, duration of disability not reported. •Not including 6 cases, duration of disability not reported. 94 100. 00 Working machinery, using power: Isthmian Canal Com- 159 178 85.03 68.46 21 69 11.23 26.54 1 7 .53 2.69 4 3 2.14 1.15 2 2 1.07 .77 1 .38 2 187 260 100 00 AU other departments, services, and estab- 100. 00 Total 337 11 68 79 75.39 90 20.13 8 1.79 7 1.57 4 .89 1 .22 M47 100. 00 Working machinery, not using power: Isthmian Canal Com- 64.71 80.00 6 16 22 35.29 18.82 117 85 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 1.18 .98 100. 00 — Total 77.45 21.57 8.05 21 . 65 1 i 102 3 261 97 100. 00 2 2 4 5 5 10 Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc.: Isthmian Canal Com- 228 56 284 87.36 57. 73 21 21 2 6 8 .77 6.19 2.23 3 7 1.15 7.22 2.79 .77 2.06 1.92 5.15 2.79 100.00 Allother departments, services, and estab- 100. 00 4211.73 Total 79.33 10 1.12 3 358 100. 00 Steam boilers, piping, etc. , explosions, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 49 49 92.45 71.01 2 14 3.77 20.24 1 1 1.89 1.45 1 2 1.89 2.90 53 69 100.00 All other departments, services, and estab- 2 2.90 1 1.45 100.00 Total 98 80.32 16113-11 2 1.64 2 1.64 1 .82 3 2.46 122 100.00 1 Not including 1 case, duration of disability not reported. * Not including 6 cases, duration of disability not reported. • Not including 5 cases, duration of disability not reported. 68 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ACCIDENTS REPORTED, BY CAUSE OF INJURY AND CLASSIFIED DURATION OF DISABILITY, FOR THE FISCAL YEARS 1908-9, 1909-10, AND 1910-11— Continued. Disability of— Cause of injury. 4 weeks and under. Over 4 but not over 13 weeks. Over 13 but not over 26 weeks. Over 26 weeks but not over 1 year. Over 1 year. Fatal. Total. No. Per op.nf. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. No. Per cent. 1910-11— Continued. Explosions of dynamite, powder, etc.: Isthmian Canal Com- 14 9 43.75 23.08 4 8 12.50 20.51 1 1 3.13 2.56 4 3 12.50 7.69 9 15 28.13 38.46 132 39 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 3 7.69 100. 00 Total 23 32.39 12 16.90 2 2.82 3 4.23 7 9.86 24 33.81 i 71 100. 00 Inflammable, poisonous, hot corrosive materials, gases, vapors, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 129 98 90.85 87.50 12 13 8.45 11.61 1 1 .70 .89 M42 112 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100. 00 Total 227 89.37 25 9.84 2 .79 2 254 100. 00 Electric current: Isthmian Canal Corn- 15 19 60. 00 79.17 2 1 8.00 4.17 2 1 8.00 4.17 6 2 24.00 8.33 25 24 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 1 4.17 100. 00 Total. . 34 39.39 3 6.12 1 2.04 3 6.12 8 16.33 49 100. 00 Collapse, fall, etc. , of mate- rial, etc.: Isthmian Canal Corn- 613 423 ^4.90 71.69 70 126 9.70 21.36 5 15 .69 2.54 9 8 1.25 1.36 10 7 1.39 1.19 15 11 2.08 1.86 3 722 2 590 100. 00 All other departments, services, and estab- 100. 00 Total 1,036 7 s ?. 96 196 14.94 20 1.52 17 1.30 17 1.30 26 1.98 * 1,312 100. 00 Falls from ladders, etc., or into excavations, etc.: Isthmian Canal Com- mission „. All other departments, services, and estab- 243 257 77.39 62. 6S 46 94 14.65 22.93 7 25 2.23 6.10 5 15 1.59 3.66 3 4 .96 .98 10 15 3.18 3.66 *314 M10 100. 00 100. 00 Total 500 69. 0 " CN ift S i-i 99 CS 50 •"3 cS - 1 2 3 o Eh s to gs^s^s z K "- 1 cs 1 «0 «0 rH 35 (N <5 1 iC • <0ir5iO>5oO I e c l; 5 &H ) ) v X h C - X .i 4 > 1 a 1 < 1 o 1 C Q '5 c I I P 'I E 5 c ! 1 < p — c c 1 c a < > is r = < P r s o Eh | X > !Z c 1 r *> 1 a 1 - > > 1 1 > c c c pq > 5 £ c ; C3 | O REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 1 1 o fit. S p g 2^ • So 13 *« ** CM CNrH H 1 ? : 1 g r 2 g l O S p "3 c©tj c3 ; d^^ : 111 j 01— 1 _ .c 1 c3 3 ° a c c t & \ > ; ' x -- — — ; || i : ^^ : • XJ CO ' : a p »h 5, cSOcs _ 3 |So c 3 §.5ft=3 e 5 h,_5$ : • : js~ >> • > ^ fe : : ^a> : 3 gg^o C WORKMEN *S COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 89 s 3 X s CN eo s O CO so TflOrt rH IM CN^-"fCO a 3 s 1 § X !ON CN gj WLOINH^ rt - ^ ^ X ONH s 2 1 *^a2COt^ i g«- 1 1 £ s CM 8 --IC* co " o o OS CM ON o §£££33^32 CO 1 00«rttO»HMN iooooooscot-hocooo 1 COCO CM s 3 £ S N CN o r-Hr- c c 1 '1 3 3 o > > 1 P | C3 — r -. 7 c V 2 > E f - 1 i 1 5 > X ! e 1 : • i 3 o Eh a c c E a I 1 ! i r T 3 3 o Eh 8 c 1 J J 90 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. <& W co 1 s m CO "c3 1 t-CC CO— 1 >o cocoSSS s 1 "§ fe >Or-< « a «. CD 3 "3 a ■a | § 1 g a «3 ft ft c3 a ft a X5 § S 1= 03 C g| a^ I ! < "3 i 2* § ft '? SI 1 - : PS > O ft s E C c p t 1 p P C 1 § '5 1 a 1 c C S 2 a> a "* CO l co " W c5 mo co 8 CO 1 ^ OT CT> i] COO O O to »o 00 10 S2 S3 c: i c 1 1 3 Q a pT 1 I w § . a > Eh P p p 1 f ft c '! ; ', ; • ° : • ; ; J S 3 WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 91 a © c*3 o o o 2rH co r- t^ t^ oo co io o £ il II CO "I O 00 r-i OS o «o «OI60000hh!0 I'Or.OMrtr^coM »!000»HH< p p 3" NNMH -i-KN IS: S 1 a g o ;* s«S * as • •i?^ « © o o 3j 3=3 ^ |£ 3 3 b, -is 13 3 Ufa .a |5< 92 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. WW 2m ^>< oS wj> II CO " o is 3 *■• "J-W-H-H^IM s CO (M ■* ^H H CO O U5N 3 s I« *■* *■* I"! Is 0.2 " " l "oS (2 " " rH l S§|s "3 eB OgsSg "3 c3 IM ■ .2. el HI o-2 " " " ^ "3 05 Pn " " " 11 is ■- ~ " % 8 g I gi Q d 1 £ £ o O | a 1 > 1 c p • 1 1 e C I E 3 = < "g 1 £ < - = < •£ | £ X - £ < "3 o EH > 1 B c 6 C 1 7 •> > -r > ■5 > > C3 d 2 c pq r > > PC z £ c 1 > > > £ > • > - o -/- 3 3 PM < O Eh > d £ o M .3 £ 5 i i < 94 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LAROR. % o « I o a 1 a s ■3 Is or OS s 3 o En §3 00 rH 05 " o» i o3 8 1 a 21 0*3 " 1 ft (M CO £ m"0 a aj "is so ■ a §o Lit Op o OS Cm !N §3 " "3 'S a c-3 o +3 2 03 ft co A .13 > b 03 Cr-< O"o3 O+S - — 3 3} o fc-, "" OS ft m 1 -a 03 i" a 1 o3 ft a> ft y c || | = 2 b o Q o < o Eh 1 o 1 P B so a " <© g ^ I EH | c p 1 ' 1 c 1 r 1 - 3 < ft - - < > < £3 o > > 03 | .5 1 f is workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 95 is ce 00 r ^ <* cc co ■* cm sa Mrtrt II OS ** ,H CO 1 p N CN r "■' ,H to '"' 1 • | co r " !! ^ " '" H ** CCCM CN -* • 53 " " CO CM 1 " s " OJ "" eo cS ! o > c > I V i 1 1 5 1 32 \1 > 52 > s : o | i g ( 'Gpc i. § - i — < i o — t f- 3 : o 5 "3 o * P c ■H r s « o mo-* ta > ■»> s I ^- 5 = = ! 3 5 a : E- 96 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. >0Q S T3 & O 03 -3 1 o g 3 •< 53 M us cc Ci 3 o Eh §3 £.2 mcm 10 NNHK §§ "o3 «3 fa CM • S5 fc-S m fa * 03 C ^S a3 fa «s all* "3 fa Not injured in course of employment. CIS " " CM fa "* O +i r £ O .5 ?Ph 2 > 5 O < T F c ! workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 97 °3S3SS liS§liils (M lOHOOOO^ - © ?2 S S» 5 D^OOtOtDMHlOOO 2§g28£3KS3 681'S jiiotstociionmc 8 S? r2 §i S - *1 > < ooo ■oo S3 eft CI i^cm' to 1 •9 to o 00 o 1 bo 1 1 5 1 | 1 s .2 a 1 i 3 C CJ 1 > 1 c3 Q 1 c .c ei s o & ■gPn -> p c 1 a c 1 c A H e I s o o "1 .£ 1 c 1 t o a i c c o o o CO «© OOgiO COOlO 5! 37,918.71 1,103.77 3,031.11 4,276.92 1,426.36 1,149.48 360.52 1,737.66 852.31 UE9 oo £«~4 OS CM fj^ssss^s « to §83 OOTf 9 8gS$S3£°.£g ^ocototoooioSFi I' 00 5» ooo* eooio 3 Olt^^Hf-cOOOCMtO^ •^MrttOCOoidNCN OHO^*rtWN» o SO 2 t©(N.-l CN a!tO©MOi 1 c W c . S 03 Eh 5 ) 5 c Eh § 1 P P | P | - P i : § i < 1 C < o ei £ c. < ; - < > re c < 1 o Eh cfe — workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 99 05r~t-0>-iio»n.-ia( QQ» g £ ,7, ~ r = c a a o o o ess .gad o o o 3 33 7j~£ o 111 3 o O « g g 3 3 eg b£ M bO .5.3.9 3 3 3 hug lllillli! I 100 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. C ^ » O 00 OJ -t -l » -/ i-ciaooo> > l >> a o o a 1 o 1 o ,a .g 1 o o 1 a i o .trl 8 e* s ^ •* s 3 « p.® 1.1 li ** ^ Q 1 I o o I O a a § { | « C c C I 'i < o > c 1 p a 03 •1 > > > c c c pi > X 1 Z c E s PL, 1 > 5Z c > « 5 O | a c c 1 C | •d — I. 1 - e a M s 2 cs 2 S rt ^ * o ^^ m s (N CO CO o CO ^ CO CO s rt rt Oi M "• 2 c\ «N ^ * ^ i= c i s Q O B i 1 •0 a b \ o >. o 5 = } 3 1 ^ 2 102 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 5^5 to ^t3 i> H-agH S^feS glsgg Scfc «-*OCiiO<0«lO)lON CO '(ONlC »o —I rH cc c>) lO >- ^INMiCfH .C>1 t-- .(NN^iOiON DMOCONOtON ■* • •OOCOtN CM Mr- 1 CO t-- .WOOiO is o I ft ■b * : i ■ ; ! S p» -a • : I Pi 81 ill biftiElift *£ b, >>>h TJ hJ ^ V. P>> WORKMEN 's COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OP MAY 30, 1908. 103 * 88 * a so CM CM - O £M eo CM ~ S3 ss CM CM CO CM CO (NO 2? CI s H X 9 s CO •o CM ( C X c 1 1 < I 1 1 C ; > • ; '! tr. >B ,~ 15 :| 1 c a e II IN,H CO 1 -* CO H rH \ M ■ CO 8 I ; s : - I th fH CM : M : ^ i 1 E i i t ! ! • > : I | > 02 ] S Is i £ j 1 ' 1 I 5 EH 3 • i ac S§ i • 1 | > . : ! : ! £ > 1 1 6 hi 1 > * ,1 1 - > -t e 1 « : & t O 1 ! • j : 3 | ? 3 i <=> ; !E la 111 i 1 3 =3 Eh < \ < c3 o> ? 5 i i 1 H 104 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 1 p 1 fit >> CO a o ft o »d 1 o 1 o o a o o CI | 10 3 g rt 0-£ £S of °, p T3 1, CO co ** 3s© *• 1 *■ s ^ ^ OJ ilii (M &%8 O 1 1 •d f 8 ft ft > ©£ 31 °^ o ft 1 > 03 > Q > 2 < o ft 1 3 1 i 1 a o -d e O eq *~* s a | cr c 'S' * * H R| to rH ^ 1 S3 *"* ^ 00 10 s| (M o,^ <* ^ '1 " ^ CO^ 1 CI ci rt s| - ** 5> «5 g ^ o 0*"*.-IO) OS ^^ «o CI «o ! s lO >o N^OM •i a o O 1 O 1 a H b •S | ft "C c C3 bi .a | b P c ..s a ^ aw 2 H 3 .a c ■> CQ c 1 CO £ : O - O 1 o E-i | a « g p 1 B 1 E S - ! o P4 workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 105 ~ c ^; | S II c* >-< o> oocgot^ (NOOg >T CNtC "5 B - >o i a | "i --r 3 csr^ \" -<*«i-( "5 o ~ ^ rt s ** rt rH rt ^ s - 1 rt "3 - 1 lO \ 00 M * ■^ a> -■ e« ■«< * ^^ N o 1/5 -4CQ "** HCSNOO s 1 COrHc CO (NOOOt^ ^ M 00 HWHN j 9 ^H tDNN^H^NNffl § s * 0> ^ M rt R "* $ ~~c* N o 0* tO e*-* to ^H lOO **" "• o eo 55 -H-l-l-l —KM £ a ■H.-.U3 l> <* > C c c ' .J j P* 1 > ■I •- X 1 — --> w -7: c 1 > c PC fB - c I - ll > E - s 1 > ■ > y a j "3 O Eh E 1 I si 1 \ C - < O a 1 < "S a < o Eh > IS si 8 Ph ,7 - > £ i < O Eh g C | 3 1 E c C - 1 I 1 c 1 106 EEPOET OF THE SECEETAEY OF COMMEECE AND LABOE. .a & o 03 P. O s 03 -o tg Jl CD ,4 o 03 O O a s 3 o o C75 00CC 5 2 CO00CN 2 c :i r to c c SI «3 to A ft o o rt ^ § '- ^ O (-. o CNi-lrH • «* M ^ C) *■* rHCN O-rt cuo t* 3«© IQ IN CN *** iO ^CN ^ O t-. Q ft* 36* CO N ; c-i rt rt CN CN CO 2 o *-© otJ«o «* 3w to NrH «<« ? C3»»H «3 2 ^ eo^jHt^ H S o «- o o IN ^CN H to iOrtCC*l»ON ^r § g ,-r «* St* a "5-*rHIM 2 coo 00 IN >o CN IO ■* 00 N -* CO r-i 00 ^^ Si* S3 *£.-, to — l»O)"5 00HHN to no»mhoom ft* 03 flgg 13 ^ (MtO ; CTi "3 iN i-H iO U5 CO CO rt 00 CN "5 iO O CO t> «0 1*30°° 3 US COt^CN ■* »-*--— s ^H NC5-HNHM0O IN IN CO i-l CO «* 03 C^ 3 (N r-ti-HCO ** ^-*0OO5t^Ttt^OMN Ills ^03§g to >* IN CN OCNNMOaOtN CO -H l-H 3 •* O CO i-H CO CN »0 ft* 03 Og I "* * 00O>< 3; 1 < £ 1 • J 1 O o EH a £ f a P 1 03 | - 1 a e < X C 1 < 1 1 2 < ! - < c 1 1 < > < "3 o Eh J > C c 6. P f 1 1 1 > > > 1 1 PC > > * ! c El 1 T3 03 03 J? 1 3 1 1 workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 107 S S s 2S r 3" 2 | c 5 '-■- oc & ■*rH «o SO rt ,H 3 w N ^ ^ rt o 55 r ** ~ * o rt go rt * -* to 3 * 00 oo ^^ ca O to CO -* s rH s ^ ** t> - o tM a '5 tN eo - ** ■"• * H - 1 $ as 00 g r^rt c^ o ^H M H rt s ro ^ C4M>0 OS <-H 00(N o "* :j o N H(N® * rH «OCN r ' HH oj 1 > > - 7 •c c a- P < C a 'J | E 3: 1 1 a c _ < c a 5 < .. g It = = ■ 1 I- 1 o fc. c c E- > a §1 s Ph '- PC > z c E- C pt c E c C £ 1 1 i GO ~ < '- S CO ~ ^ CO rt ^ CM rt M rtFH N ** * -* M HH N ^^ N N M rt ^ M i CO eo rt "" cs os <«• "• OS ~* ^ 04 CO to Tf< * 5 a a o O | o d a | f 1 e p C3 e ; 1 o Eh > p £ C3 V Jt c > I 7 c- > I V z ? > c 1 J ! • : t_ o < 3 o 108 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. OP o H gf Oi— ' -3 !"« -J$Ph Eli ,• ^ ,_| r- 1 fsgcf s-g-ss S8 ,»S ii-ss Ills aali sSgjj II fcl o £ cs " 8 1 OlOO OJ CO S ?! s " OiC-l CO ~* o CO CO ^ ^ II £3 CO « M rt - sjl 8 2 II "" rt ■* -' ^ 1 2 rlCM '. CO "* r-i* CO 3 *■■ coe* co CO 3 ^ICOCNiN^-l " t " *** - 1 -o CO CNiOi-HCO ^^ *l a CO to I-- lO <© iH 05 ■* i-H cs sl «5 - 1 '" 5 to CO "* CO -to 10 ss *" :^ rJ ' ' O CO 1 s <©•* I th OS 1 a o o ! 1 a b ,C .| (1 1 6 1 '[ s P >»j |<3 1 p D 5 5 p 1? 1 o C I \ '5 P 03 c a £ ! 1 ! C \ 1 % < 1 t < | c < 1 c I 1 b < 1 ; 3 c E- > workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 109 ocooo 3^ S ££ fH S - 8 1 8 N 1 II ^ 3 19 ** 00 ll "* - 1 '" 1 I 8 |co rt H 1 -la II - ^ - 1 1! 1 M§ ■■* : ^ CN ^-t a "3 - 1 ^ II -t o> S3 H i H II ^ 3 NNU3 ! • i- 1 A « O > 1 IJ - : ^ c t> 83 ii 11 •I it 5 1 id 3 c : \> ; • t . ; | i & 1 • <■ - 1 >^ A rt * >* j 5 i ■ 5 • i ;- UK ,>? : £~ 1 > t i : 5 : 3 : 3 : 3 . : = 3 Eh a t c j |i 3 5 ! J - c E- < : 'I a < : 4 ; J : t • E 1 l 1 ( c ! ! > i § 1 ! t ii ip. !l ii if ii 3 1 | c > a CM II ^ ■~ " CO r ^ rt N ^ : M II ^ ■ H rt ^ 1 "* : •* 1 ^ ^ rt - 1 ^ rt - 1 *■ ^ ■ ,H ^ ^ CO I ^.^ 00 CO CN^H CO ^ rt a o 1 s o O 13 a a O a a i < t 1 i I a i < E- 1 | ( P c > - 5 c I I - a 1 ~ 3 e « c > as z 5 ; 1 o 3 o 110 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. i .a j>> 3 >» a o ca ft o 1 M 1 C3 .a a o o a 73 o 2 « " Hi - ? - o 9 CO O t-O St3 .2 2 « gTSO r-T 3 fl r-T &% 3s o t-o h"3Sh -d | II a 1 03 Q C | 2 1 c a 3 o < iil O E ,2 E cs a. ■J* C J eS c S| n a" o o c— H 2* 1 j > j P2 > 1 > 3 3 o e ^H ^ CM ^ q a O ^ 2 rH IO »o ^ 3 a w ^ 1-1 ■* 00 .-1 00 Oi " 2 2 ^ 3 CO 1-1 o s ^ M "SS^ CO 00 3 i 2 o 5 CO CO 1 j £ c C I c i 2 i Si ii I j 1 : ° : "3 : 1 : o® || si 3 3 a ( (1 § f 1 P bl 3 C £ z 1 e c 2 > i 1 ! ■ : : : ; : 1 o 5 3 o workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 113 2S£2S3e$22k '- s* '- 9g oo> 1 I s s § , ^ CM cs S ;- •c oo 2 — OJ o> rt 9 M -" rt ^ 3 ^ ^ tN ^ ^ O "- 1 M 'O on ^ ~ r •■* ^ CM CO o rt to "■' - 1 tM (M iflOOO 1 CM N gg<*eir~c..-ii-i HMH CO.-1 1-4 ■o JO^CO OS CO t-^H oo osS"* 3 CNi-H E g.- *-<«;««*. OJ - lO-^COCNOiOOt-CNtM. s 9 ^ to (N CO N JSc^ 00 ^ 83 ^ •i CO oo cm 3 OJCM ' CI -* CO CO co to oo a> S CM r- HN^OWCONNN So o NmOWWMNH'* o COCNCOOOOOCOCOOO to OOi-Ht-t o t^OJ 02 COO S3 CN^ 1 COCOOOlOCOf-rHeOCN s ^g^cgco gi o - 1 ^ o>ih o *■* rt 1 JH^OJ rHi-ltM s «*NhO>» co s r-ICOCN to CO CO H 1 HNON ^ -|, o> co to w »h "* ih 2 GO 2 o ^^ >o rHrt i c3 V I z i > > a iz ! PC > t 1 E 9 r = > 1 > ■ ■-- 1 1 < < [2 o E- r7 r E i J 5 o 1 < i e 03 C CB-P . r - < o 1 «<: S Pm i pi > 1 > 1 3 O Eh C 1 | c 1 \ G c c | c 1 1 E a; £ e •c p c 80557°— 13 8 114 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. rH 8 g r-T s-g.88 ill §-^ ass p» p» n .— ; ,—; .- fa h workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 115 3 OS 3 1 ^ O T S :t " "OO 3 S 5 ^ : | oo s? •o s 1 U5NW o> " T> II -<*"X> K CO • CO >o CO ; coll $ 1 "* ** : "* II d CM ; CM -X) °* i CM ^ ^ s CM rt M ^ : ^ CM CM CM ! •* ■««• * oo ^ "' o r* : PH II PH ^ "* CM IC coco hOh i 2 : oo ! c^ U3 cm *" HCNtOCMCMCMCOOOCM - •O U5 * OS 01 os ^ "* : § i-ICO rr II OhOO^OCOHHhCM CO OCNttWrtiOWi'M '° 1 s ^ ci 1 3 ** : 1-H IP i 1 u ' b u -- b *>> z il 7 : 3 ; ; 5 : - ; c ra 5 O < ] c c 1 j o < F ,9 ! ■ « i'i l ; o - — 3? o EH ,. < l| cs a g ! 03 C I- o g ; < 5 c i c - c 6 P. ] < i £■ 1 1 = 5 ^3 1 c T e i 116 EEPOKT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Am q 31-H 5 1 .a 1 03 a >, 03 ft O a 03 is 1 rd .0 2 d 03 a 525 $ Eh « CM § 3 CM CM ee rt "lis CM W O ^ rt 1 O t-o j- 9 g *-r «© d«© 8^8 e<=> de© 1 1*11 «& d«& ** - 1 O MO •"• ** : - H rj 03 g ^~ rH 03 «,_, e© d&© 1 «-o «© D<*=> rt - 1 ^ l 1 §*^l rH" 9 A rH - 1 rt O >-iO ^ 9 g r-r ce de® ^ rH ^ "1 §Sd - ^03 ng ^ : ^ "* ^ ^ 1 *"* CM CM riH : CM II §S,d° «© « §k> ^ ^ N ; CM * : H - 1 "I §111 e4 03 C^ *# CM CM g-djsg «© 03 »3| «o - 1 i •"" COrH j * M : 1 dfeg £*S 00 O 1 1 03 9 II > s c 1 03 & ft d 1 a a 9 d c3 a 5 P Eh ■ ! I c 1 f p c M> 1 i £ j : : • - 3 Eh > > C | 03 T3 03 >, Xi 3? C E- a a P e li 5 1 ! 1 1 3 1 ' workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 117 « o- * - 1 - 1 M rH : - 1 CO -* : '-' "• - 1 i H - 1 cncn «* to CN • cn CO CN rH CO »o ■"■ i ^ cn •* M * CO «o «o rt : rt *" a ~* CN o ft 1 ! 2 ; a e M i (1 j 1 s i p i s 3 £ < c 4 - g 00 i co" 55 ~i ? 8 c~ 2 OS t- CN t>-»fl § H CN ' CN CN *l co CO. s 00 -* rt 00 CO 2 - a fH OJ o tO ? 1 1 a o t£ ft o $. 1 A o 1 "o a 3 O H 00 CN a > 4 3 ssg £ § s - CI X ex *c: ^?5 55 5 s s 3 1 ^ : 00 • 00 -CI S £* o §*I8 -* : s^sss rt l-H CO rt ^ 1 CN CN o hO h'SSh" «© 3<» rt * rt : i—l 1 O* " « lift e© 3«© M rt cs, : w I! rH^. CM 5 3 -* ** oc. r 1 : H U CN ^ 2 O (- o cc^-o^ >OH j CO O 00 8 O In Q - 1 CNiO 05CN '• s OSi-HO (N II (N 04 •'>- , .|. M CM '♦OICO C35 00 <* HOMHOO'CM 5 1 O) •>- ^ O |h CS00 O 0«0)^i 19 ills 00 U5 CS -*cooo«5e^ U3 <3> •C • s|~ - t* II i-trH^O CO 00 CN >H ic 1« O CO 2 to ^ N »oeo 00 I! ^ CNCO Os CO oc^c § I «Hr * "f CO < CO ^ : r 1 8^3 jeo NNNHH»1iNH 9 10 i- ■1 CO [ rH^ CM (j a £8 cocni-i H CN ^8 Sa rt :" «*rH U3 rt rt $ fl 1 ' ft ft > j r 1 1 1 J 1 1 1 I 1 i 1 1 1 > ->> c l ; • j 1 1 o Eh ] | [ 11 i i Is i c ! &■ 1 < .. 4 •is PI P II F 'a : ; S 9 c & > 1 1 a 81 i a c 1 •1 \ 1 1 p t 1 1 workmen's compensation under act OP MAY 30, 1908. 119 i ■£ u "5 1 CM 8~ o to cm 1 * : I | "* : s CM • co ^fr-t § 8 00 00 o o 8 c # j ~l I 1 1 1 c ;l 1 - < c I C £ Oi to $ 2888 r 1 1^ o> O CO s a :'- cs 00 3*1 ^ c" 182 215 111 164 1,593 co : ro s ; n co j M | : :^ : ; rt | CO 00 B CO 1 00 cs : "I • iO to s CO • CO •^ i : ^ I * s 3 CO CT> s ~ : -■ T s s 7 ^ : cm h : i ^ || § 1 99 CN ! N M rt I! \** i :^ : ■ n 1 *;« s ^cs ^^ : 00 1! :- : : I th 111 s g 9 ** CO " ^ cs I! j«3 : 1" ! ® m m TC - 1 : !« F- "* ~ ~~^ CM tc • coco ^^cs i «| 3 £ 5! ^ • cn f """ -•^ N C-l CN CS Oi t^ CN CS to O CO CO i-H i-HCN r^ o ^ 1-H 00 oa n : CO 1 w es •»»<■* -HCN !C ■* 00 00 »H t^ >* tO tO "f 00 PH ^ 00 ,-ir^»o -f- 3 CO CS CO "f< CO cs .-H CN H " CM ^NH00H(OH O 00 o oc 3 COCOtOOO CO 1 00 O CS CM ■<»< rH CS ■«« CO S CSOOOCO-«f »< C55 | iQ 00 ~ • • ■* a 00 OOHtlOhH*'*! 2 II II ■*U50CO>OiOlONC -H "*< 00 rt CO CN C ^ 1 00 O tO OS Oi • ' Jh gNOlOfOH®^ • cc |; ! CM iO 10 • t: 5 SS j CO 00 s Oi • !rte> s a-a— ■ ^ "5 ■ cs cs to 1-1 co t^ r^ co - S *»< e» ro CM 1-H ' ' ° < us OOCO—I N co || j tOCO^CN^H^^OC ? gj C c E l C c £ 1 I ; ! a : 1 : 1 : 1 1 : 3 : 1 : « G ? .^~ S^ O t P J 1 1 * l! J : 3 j 3 ! 1 ; 3 : e ■ : i : b ! 3 • 1 : 5 • 3 : is j.a 5 5 CO > 5 x - ^5< i 1 i 1 j f j 'i £ - 3 £ I p - ; F i Icj . i < -J T i SB < ■ < 3 : >h ! c3 : ^ : s ; : tc : -9 : 1 ! ^ 1 os ■ If : :> : ! c . ; 1 i :^ 3 • - 4 *Sti 3 • • • 3 : : : h .' ; ! » • "O 3 I* £ i -^ •X3^ •>, St: gft S a < 120 EEPOET OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 1 % 1 § "3 ■2 "c3 T3 CD a "o .a ! a 1 o 1 3 o 2 'X) cm 1 -' C 8 M 3 % 55 3 1 COCO CO 00 CO 1 Is saSSef g «© Sag 1 lO 5-Ip rt rt N CO rt rt CM CM § So §■§!! H rt Icm * 1 Is Oirj feS 4© 3» * "* «""* CM >o 9 CM • C3 K N "* CO rt ■* CM OS O tnO 3tfS3 CO oo CMrH CO CO -*<.-< CM CM 1 N CM cm CMt^CO COCO CO O j 00 o i- o On-t ceo iO lO ^ ** .-ICO CO 00t-I o in '• 00 h*3Sh- 2 pH £ 1 OJ NH CO COOCO CM OS CM ■ I 3 IllS- 3«^ a CM a 1 i-l CO00 - CM CO OO IO CO S'd'S©' 8 CO CO CMCM <# rH Jjjt>"5 V s i CO r M §8 rH if* GO """^S t- Ol • 00 CO 00 r §■§■§8 OIt-IOJ £ CM "SCO 00 "" NN C^ "5 CM CM ^rtrH CO •* "* - 1 ^ I s - COr-1,-1 00 HH CM *"" "* CM lOCM *" "-' * N I § §42 g 1 o Q 'I | c E o a 1 1 { J o 3 3 o 4 < Ml c3 a 9i M o t c )— < o > o c « PS c < 1 a 1 C 6j | ft" P E 1 > c C o 1 1 ! 1 c c WORKMEN S COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 121 HS DO *-3 ^•3 o 1 (Of p o> ' Cl § (C 2 S ■a so 1 jfft£* rt h a a> ' H •^ ^ 9 ll § 1lp|i^ o rt -■ CI • Hill! s •"■ ,H 31 PH WHHH Fi U3 "* H i £- s 5* §£.2 s !3 CN t- i $ a £ o I | 8 O II r-tlH CM CO ^ ^H CN t- p ft B 8 "; -* 3 -"* Wrt r-lCNCN O CO -2 g ^M 3 !!! ll " : CO CO 2 H B eg 1 a ilal'|p|lg||>|l 3 | - : ; '1 3 o 122 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR* A, bfi m fl .J, ft i ca ft° pi S'S •g-Q"" hO C* o>es cs ■* o Je o S fl S 9 r°^5iP u ^a -lr-1 NN rH -rH 3 ►&§£$! ^o-bo^iSoS -* <»■<*< CD« ^rH COCO O "fi-H oft^5"sli^ CO U5N lO-* o> <©e^ S*il • •Mas sis o » « wT! ftg^g-a-c? (OOl NH rH wft§°|ia^^ 2g" fc>Ig8 iS^Js w&g :'gw :g P : £ «s^s te .aBjj5aSgas w So workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908 123 B- 1 S3 CO CS rt : h H ■* s co ■ CO o ia~ CD n§ 1-1 : rt 12 •" : rH 53 2 ■* ! * co CO ; CO £ SO i 0 ■ iC - CN *° : *° " H § CO 10 : "* M * s o "• i ■? s > QQ | OS 1 jHU f« 1 1 .1 1 1 a o . " I "On g| ij P to ; | : 1 • fi : a : u So a "c3 3 | I ■~ 4 2 1 ^ M 3 co co. " *-■ h - 1 ** ^ 3 * - t **" H !C CO "«* !3 ^co j s 00 '-"-' CNf-n-H s s *■* ,-HO j 9 CO i-lCN CO CO CN r1 i-H CO a s ^ rt ~* CN CO CN COCO • to O CN CN CI o ■* •"• ^ re CN CN 3 1 i "3 "'■ 00 rt M CN ■* CNCO.-I 5 In 2^ "»**•* rtrH ^ CO CO ^ i-Ht-C* *" 00 COCN ^ rt 12 CO * h ^^^ 2 g * "* CM -* co H % CNrHCN .-ICO 2 1^- iO CO OJCOCN CO "3 - CN M "" ^ rt O p " lrH rt co CN .-H CN ^ CO o> M rH rt CO CO ' H ,H CN CN rt ^ CD CO 1-1 CM"", ■* U5 I-Hl-H ** H * CN CN s ■*i-H lO ^ O O «* CN ■«< r-l ^1 ^ s re CO CO ^ " -. ^ M i co S : 1 1 o : 5J J* i § 9 it a« > \ > * 1 | | i o 5 "3 o CP #1 s si r C _cS ■5 = E i 1 - 6. | r = s _ c- < > 1 - ■ i o < O EH I 124 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 1 © <§- "3 ft a o .g "3 g 3 ft fl a> O z B 0"3 H-2 S 5 s S£ 2 s s ■* I CNOSCC CO — So CO - 1 ^ '« cp S 0> i-H cn o HOI 00 eo •* 5J ffiHU5 >o U5 ffsisiJijlA 02 ft fl og •§fl" rt CN HCN lO H H-* CO -" H iilffl Ol t-» Ol OS i-H i-H lO CN ■* CO CO CO i-H c '* flSfirt -t«ri' c ' ft CO . l>/o -s S ^ o | o 2 w>S — • o ftS 0J2 o ^3t3 « cn oi coi-i CO rl COIN - M 1-1 ,g.H a cj c3 a o "• CO -* CO CO PI c3 g£u 22 euo H ^ MHH IO CN s5j >>»i< g g mo CM C<1 CN ^ CO CN M CO H ^ - CO CO CO '"=> BO'S d^ W>J> biobbco o.gg§§.gs.g§.s^ H — ' O •* CO 0)0 rHiH t>. cn-* CO CO — _ el a o Ol H CN-* HCO rH rlrH 2 CO co CO 2.§ «2 MtftH 2 § i 3 r-t ■* Ci"* HO •* »O00 ■* CO i-l CM CO CO ^fii*fil O IN NN ■>*< H «OCO o 00 o w S «-■ u> ft CO rH HO ■* CO - CNH CO ^ CO CO CO CO Jitslf CO eo * H CNCN N N H o CN CN 1-1 II ^a "Sg^M 00 t-l 00 CO IQN CO ■* U3 s CNHH * ^ £-S.£gftl CN ■<»« rHH CM H s II ^ rt 11 P 11 ft .S-o J? ft ©H 11 P4 r o 13 S3 (3 Ih | e W IE 1 > o il r 1 c < o 1 Kg Is a 1 O < 3 o Eh 1 workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 125 §2 p 1 eo X 2 cn • M M H eo o CO,-l * ^* iococo s 3 | HWH us s HH N ^ ,H (N s «o U5 co OJt>- to ^ ** 7, i a> ,-kn-h 5 ■- 1 S ^ : H oo coao " CO CO t-i CN 00-* 8 H Fi *■ : *~ *"* 2cn°° co .-KN N COr-H r ~ io-*a> oo co OH^IHNHNM S3 *" to COt-H tN-HCO a •^< OOOMCOCOU5HN eo eo ^ •"■ "^ ^ eo ^ -* eo •* >-icocNeo ^ ■* OS eo i-h '"■ : lO ■* rH — cn ■* NH H 00 s CN eNi-M U3 eo rneo ^ 23 *■ (M N 8 CNCN s *" M00O00NHH s CN «o ^ CO OS * ■* eo .-i *" lO a 1 o . o ; "c3 ; a . o ■ || si 3 a §« 2 1 y b c '> y .•2 - 1 < "c3 o 4J • » gt j-g Q • * S C L c - 1 157 = = |i - f - •- - < c 1 > c 1 < ~5 o EH 1 126 REPOKT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Sg 2 w> S oh a P2<1 O Po i-i to ec t^--H to -4 eoooo h® o CC ft flow w- " psfil ffr§"a^g£g°|| (N^in nio « eoer rj .fl fl "5 c4 fe O Sias-s^sa ~£c$ = rH S i ® it>.^H eous to %&£ ^35 § 28 2 S 2'° ® s.a II ^a ^ b/0 pS • s* (NNt(( c^u; e* co t^ •«*< • io t>- es o£»oo oo^j< io ooo 03 fc.+3 43 »a > a =8 rt 03 b^ M 2 ^ *s tS 5 O aSr* w>>* A < .i3.So workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 127 1 32 8 K 1! s § 3 IB 1 c» CN || CNi-H CO 2 "9 '** H lO flJOM s| ,H ; 1 POO* • o c- ■* *H.-H " M .-HCN 1 10 ■Q S3 aN CD M H ?* o» • ■•-a- S3 H a «N *H ** 00CO oo cn 3 i eo • | oococnco ' o> CO—I * OSrHOJ 35 i CN • OS e, jeo CO -«a* 8 rH.H - co o> 09 1 ^2^°° 9 1 (WIN to cn co — I t«. lO"* OS 5 r~CN 1 IN ■ to ^ N CO ^ * « j s 1 "" A Co "r is > > 5 e < 5 f 1 1 a .o 3 1 c p 1 1 1 >o S "* g § 5 1 ZZ * M CO CN rt : M * 1^— 1 '• oo s o»< ii-H—l ?: - CO CO- Oi """' ^ ■* HNtNHH co s s 00 HNtNCNHHN Si £ CN « CN ■"* -* ^ CO s a M (M lO ^ M ^ CNrli-HrH ^ \ t- g ^ ** O CN CO O CO tN M g OS ^ rt 3 fHCO ■ rt OS $ t^—l '- CO £ ^CO-H^«N m : or 9 1 H ^ 5! HlOlO rHCNCN a ^ : M S3 M rt CO « (N-H " i ;o « ••* ^ LO CO "* H § 8 S) oo ^ M CN M co - ■* * H .o CO CN U0 CO N CO CN 3 <# ^ -* "* us^m 2 ** CO CO a i I : a : o : o . "3 ; c . es • o : || 3" 60 .a > a c of 33« i .E 2 3 1 6 ft Q a ] 03 IS: i 1 < - - j 1 — _ u ■5 - t i < - 1 \ i p: 1 5 3 o 128 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. ^2 r/) W 05 W> g OPh <1W WW H SoQ 7) OH ^ «JS H feW g£ -J H w «X 3 2 8 o^ 3 «? s » 2 » B^^a a £P "2 d 12 ^ " H "2 Q c .a 53 3ois.a as .s a> I I^SlsS £?[*!-§«« Ptiil AS 00 Oi « t- CO -"f ■* t^ CO 00 MH Oi CO 00 CNOO"* CNiO (O ^N •H © lO CO "># «* J>CO r-100 CO <3> CM CO ■"* ^H -* COlO 233 *00 «D C1 W c3^s°^ = ££: fM ^wph ^3 A< "* 00, ~' : : M : : : S •"* : ,H e3 s II ° ;0> coco -h || CO O JCMCM-H j - 00 UOCC M s 00 II Eh c » : |°i c3T_ : ill MCJ & 1 f 8 s * fa * c i ■ ^ : : > c3 d o •St 05 ; cs ; g ■ 21 ■■>■ ■: '■ c :? H > a r r 25 80557°— 13- 130 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Sg I §82 2 Sfi g o3 a c 03 1 o ft s 03 O a M *- rt s co 1 IS cT 52 a sill's M 85 II ^ : ^ CO 1 «-,„ 00 »H t~ : n. rH rHSO s ri co HH (M N t^ HN © to jc\ CO IN • N CN£ ^ COCO §l'i "* NH CO cq ft c3 ^ £ o 53 : ,H N 11"! IO co : CO 'a "3 o o "t". « i | 3 rH* S I! °° : T P IM IO IQIO o § Sli* 5 !^© w 2 S ^S §|- : * \ ^ : rt e* ^ s|-j : ^ d|i2i|f|i|ii*|s Oq r-| HU5 8|-| • US CO IM ' >ft : >> -a > c3c3> oi d o OQ ft ' ' 3, o c 1 : > : m § II "ojcg , C3 o3 4 ©^ 5 j 3 O 4 1 ! If i . r^ M : t3 $ : 111 'I 3 O workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 131 DQ a 5 > s O Eh bo C a P-. a a | l! rt z z z i < i = c •J i cm 00 tc - £ ' K «y ^ r C? S cm io *" rt 1 M rt 5? 3 to -Tr-HCO iO^H ,|fl o S S b CO .o »| S « M M o to 00 ^ 1-llH ■* CM •'"-> s 1 1 rt mr * IO cs ^ ^ ^ ^ "* M ^ M «9 •* 00 00 2 cr co M cS CO —l 3 CM n 1 eo co ^ rt OC O CM fc o ^ s to 00 s ' H •* COCM oil m ooeo — i-h cm rt s § s >o t " 03 WW a|« a-*-- ^ s O t- S CO oo eo^ Jh CM M ** ^ 5 to —i i WHO CO^ a to 00 Tf CO CM (N ^H (N m gg § eo § , * H *"" H ^ O CO IO Oi tO "^ rH CO to S5 2 " - ^ ^ ^ CO » c - : i-H CMCM l-ll-l i ^ CM^^O^ CM CO 2 - ^ ■* CO rH Tf ,H 1-1 ^ S - 3 SOiH i> * 00 iH a * ^ 10 " eo - ' Oi o rH a ■* CM to to io •* ■* CO 00 * O 5 "* ^ iO^CM s : * CO CO t - .23 B S o O 6 a c3 ll 2" S"a : S w : o§ : 1.1 : Si: 03 to Hi "c5 o 6h b0 V c3 bob C C w: S'E 3 3? > E 2 ■7 z ■J a d Si r. r li. z c < ^5 1 c ll r c "< 1 - • < c c 4 < -I — < > 'a 3 132 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 5* m oo ®» <0 OS - 1 CN CO 0>£0> e CO «o i-l COCN 00 r^CNt^ x Oi §> CO CO~ ■* cn oocooo 3 CO Oi us »o>o c rt ss^ s CNi-l s PH *■* COCN CO « COCN CN 9 CO CN (N rH pH CN "* CN s ""' - 1 rt *"• - ^ * H ^co "* 1 ""* CN o CO TfCS co CN CN CO o rt ** £ rt ~ 2 s < si 3d !! 1- • 1 | < 1 c E- > £ £ o > GO 1 8*" > > > z < c a a CP S N oC O .c c c c 5 f "5 < 8 § o- i S cc -o 80 5? CO - 1 ^ s COr-H ** s CNCN ^'" , g s - 1 * * * 00 s U3CN.-I CO cj 03 1 CO rH r- IQ CN CN CN CO « §3 8 « s CN 1-1 ^ M co CO CN rt oo CO CN CN M ^ CO 1 ,-trH CN CO ^^ CNi-HCO US CO * 00 CN e "S ^ - 1 •" o CO CO CO CNiO-^CNUS CM US 00 00 COCN 1Q © HOlt^NHHH IS 05 CO CO CNrt a> CN 3 ^^ M " °° r-ll-l CM CO CO a> £ !_; 1-1 ^ rt a ^ s 2 ^HCO * CN COCN US a> f OHM COCN eg CN *"" ^ US CM rt oo CO CO CO 1 a o O 1 O i J| .9 smb. *£* | < E- 1 e e a P '5 p El s e a? a < | ^£ |E << J « i | < E t : 1 7 | ,P a < a 1 "3 ! 5 < 1 134 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. ^82 °°2 00-! CO • s «,H o ■H CO • 'C* 3 rt : S 8 "* ; ^ rt ; CO ' * : * *■* 55 : 1 rt : "CP rt : 2 2| - c 9! P ! - 3 u i « 3 O X — o < c ! o | 1 1 a o 3 C 1 O s 03 P 5 C g C5 CO 00 8 5 ■* es co eo lO § s 5 r- S c •»r^ M v. co in 00 1 CO 00 3 '-' CO^H^ CO 3 lO-* • ^ CM 10 s 3" CM-* rl '- 3 ^ . * 00 s 1-1 * HH ** O NHOM i" • 00 • 00 CM 3 iOCMi-1-tf • s CO "5CM05CO •CMCMr-l § - fc i; CM CO CM a *■ r ~ r " 1 CMrH . * rH CJ5 ^ "1 ! "* CM s rHrH C4 1-1 "* ■" ^ o "5 r-HCMCM IQ CM -*< CM.-H '■ M o 1:0 00 3 CMi-H-H-^ ! oo 00 i-H -*T*(^H COrH CI CO ^ Oi CT> 00 s CM NrHrH CO *" ^ H '- |l ^'- H CM >* »H © § "* CO CM CM a .-1 00-*rHt-l *rH ^ ' 2 g o *" rHCM^O JS •O ^lOh-^HHMCO So CO CO s ^ ^ ■"* s SI 1-1 rH CM 00 ^^CM-, CM . 3 CM t~ OS ^ M us CM ' s? - CM • CM CT> cr. COrH <* O CO ^ ~z. T-( CO t» 02 M © CO lOlO • a CO 00 3 rHCM CO CO COO500.-H ■CM s o o : ^^"* : CO * ■* rt ^ 1 B o Q 1 g II il i Sco : o a : o| : ll i Ill 1 | el v. P JSP. |« i a V ! 3 1 a 6 i« 'SdcS o PI p) p .•HO? a - 7 : 7 c PE ■3 < a s c. i ! ! I o 6h 3 136 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Kit* < ** i 1 3 s i if ccj O ft "3 o S 1 ti 9 a I §3 S a s OS to sill's CNCN rH CO ^ C3> II O cu N " 3 5 Flying bodies. splin- ters, cuts from rough or sharp edges, etc. CO.O i i fe | m g I.J PM £ R ot pj g i-t NCOrt PH CO s go rt ^ 11 ll 1 Jf-g ••J** > >> 03 |c f-- Ph -3 > o >- CD 03 . £ gi* IBS O O' 2 ' MPs "2 O r> 1 -a >> r> 1 O Ph o <5 o workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 137 o ; 3 9 = ON eo~ - "* ~CS CO """I" CS "* lO JO OS-* 00 "" £ -' - 1 M F " ,rH CI % 00 * s (N N.H M ^ ^ ? ' 1 ■*■ t * "* N W .-1 »OCO ^ o r-Hr-< (N 1-1 1-1 CO o> CM 1-1 N CM H10HW o S ^ 1-1 (N (N O * d P-. c- = > 'I 1 .t: < c e- o bo | i h O c c | i a < c -T co 8£ e^c5e5 s o ua - CO 2 t-^«o^H^ ca 8 g ^ M-'frH CO 2 rt * rtH " O CO i coesr-i •v s 3 £ 'C cs OJ cs t- OS " cs^h '* O CO CN (M J: '""-' o< - s 5 cs r-lCSCN t» OS i-H CO 00 ■fj eocorf* 2 CO OS g 0 1 1 > g - E i I 1 a" E? 138 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. OT t^OOWHr ■S3 -3 o o CO ft C = ^S^r * o ce^o © ^ WTO J, 73 ^ t* b b£ d M ~ o *i i-H CS«5(N "f -■* OS ■*< CO CN CO £ CO CO CO IrH rH I COOOTtl-^ os 1 " ' o »o 00 O JO ''■JS ■* COCO 3 K5HM - "* CN CN00CO-«*« 85 lOCN 00 CN CN 00 CO CN CN CO CN CO ro COCN^ & CO rH^ 1 rnCNco s OS p H C " OCO H J « HH 00 * "* rt - 1 II § t— CO •«"* -*iO O OS CO s OS os : : rt : il ^ : : : : i rH *" CN CO co : ,H 1 II s rH CN£-lO COCN t» rHt>- CO CO M "* rtH l rt rt Tjl ! CN ^ ^^ ■ >0t * * CN s 00 oc > | J > 1 Ph 1 : o : ;>> : »> l»3iSeS<&pc8SLc O 3 o Eh i > QQ « |f is a III 3 - o 9 cJ o a b < u.l i il i r4«2 ; "O co ' 3 9 ^ *OJ) c E- P '. c : > 1 -i h o Ph f 'r 5 5 o o .a | s a 55 c o d i 2 o a CQ c e a C 140 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. ©"3 oji> O^CO t a rHCC 03T 1 ? ?' tboc o cs" Re- sult not re- port- ed. M - 1 CS ra T3 rt rH „jh ^h ,h o CSrH CO rHrH 00 rHrH o> Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. * co CS M OS ^ o 1 I 03 3 O ' q o 1 ■3 33 1 ,3 1 o rQ a 3 >5Sb3 o & £a ^ CS ^ *- ^ co rH CS rH rH 00 - fet^-S"^ fees & -H,Q 3 £rH,g M •o rt ^ 00 CO CO rHrH rH l> rt ^ M CS IO CO CS "• ^ CO ^00 3 2 >S 03 ^ CS HN - O - « O -3 CO ^ rHCS ^ >0 fl-g «£. >> O 1° fl O 13 cs CO CO CS o "• CS CO rH IO -■ "* ^ CS s O rO « ro ^ r^ ^ ^ ^ rHCO CT> *2 3 o ^2 b O -° a O T3 -* ^ rH rH ^ CS CO CS rHrH rHCO 1-1 00 CS 00 ^ CO rHt^ rH rHCO iO o"* fl o^'O rH iO CO CS >C -*CO CS rHCO rH ^ CO o CSrH 00 «#r1»0 CO 00CO OS CS CS 00 rHrH 00 rHCS o > j-j a o £°° b O - fl ox) CS ■* ^h^hco^hco HI O COCO CS iHCS HN CO CO rH co eo«o 00 NCO (ON*®'* t>. cs co oo o cs r^ cs co i-h »o »h CO CS §3 +j« fa fd rHt- C5CSCS "3I-~ CO rH rHrHCS § S3 £§ CO ■*■<* CSCS CSCO CO HI rHrH I r§ 3 3-3 CS O ONINfflN rH CS CO O 00 CS t^ OS (NO) C> 05 COCO 00 CO I o © 3 es ei 1 c a I rA i o p c c ■ : c a s 1 c c c P s 03 s CO 1 1 p ei > c c 1 6 T 6 • -3 a Is It 5 - o 3»ci ©?! p 1 n o o a c c3 O c 3 bo c w *! §^ K-l a o r*> O a s II o p a c p o a 1 '1 o i a-S a p C c p 1 "5 r* -a a tj p 1 | a "e •S3 p,o 5 +2 £* a el iT*< rt * M o COrH CO ^ : 0 CMrH © os -*t^ -<*t- >-hco co^h '• rH lO COrH OJ —1 CM rH • S ■rH 00 rH t- lO rH OS rH CO O lO CM 00 CO t» rH IC CO 00 CO i— 1 ^ -h< H » COrH TJ. CO — 1 CO CM g ^ r^OSLOO CO t^ MN CO CMCO COCO IO00 Ol CO ' £ coco co .-< co co Tf t^ ■<*< io co -h co os t- co rH oo os -rf t- rH g I 5 Pi Pi a .. a b .2 » 111! it* 6 c -■- : C . c g > -*■ '" c = • c -7 t -': j'i ' S • - - >'"2 • : =, ? - ! o,8*C 1 i.s a g t 3oS©i Hi ) .St) 4 i O s!— ' c .5 = - J O - Hr4 O O be >. > • O ; ^T3 K ® d c © 2 H ■ ° ■Is i 1 1 It ; 1 ! 6 ; : a is 3 is • c a il| ^1 fas --- -- MS c ■0 • "3 S^ SrScoSS S2o? H -HCM "* M.rHCO (NIM ol -* : CO 10 : - M CM ^ : * NNH ^ ^ HHH i 00 - 1 ^ ^ ^ (N -0 *** « (NrHCT S3 ^ ^ CM TT (M CO CM CM CM O rHrH Ol CO ^ rH X) rHrH ^ OJrH CM CM "* CO "* ^ CrHC 5 O) 5 n e> OlrHOSCMr- MO >o Nt ICrHOOOCJ 5 cou- 8S Nl • 2"2^ j COr- 2 °" 3 O -*rH©C 5 CM 5 rH ^S 5 COCO IO CM r- ! S^ 'I 5 „i!l .Z ii ■ll°IiPllI«s" S(2^ w£w5 So 142 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. ^3 (ON 85 a s 5 S — ?' H 1 Re- sult not re- port- ed. -* ^ CO ©CO CO (NO CO >* .c 8 CM Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. rHrH H HO CO HCM 3 1 ES >> 03 '<& O a o 3 3 cS I i a 1 03 O o ,Q B 3 I-trH IO 3 CM CM 00CO «* COCM 1-1 ^ 00 > ^ 2 2 > oo «? (OH fi i-ti-H CO CM §0 th ' aa 0^3 Ti55 3 ~° >^ c? q ,c ps o" -1 ts OC CO lO Hffi H CM CM lO lO §3 +J+J £ ^ (NN H CM O Hrl CM OS 1^111*1 CO CM HlO rH CM a HH U3 b - eoi- CMCM ■<*< (NO (OH CM ^ 9 O - B o -a 00H W H£ COCM CMOO Tf. 8 >23 3 o £> Ht- JO H3 HH MN '^' _ S CM ^•030 is I- 32 CM ^CM ^^ ^2 ***-* O OS ?«3o ® 10 t>> p*cm S a >co o3 Sh 9 ^S ^^ ^° N S" 8 >S2 2 >S 0? MH O CM H CO H 3 O "° fl -3 COCO CM OCO CT> ■* OH ■*"*It- -*CM 00 HUJ H O i-HCO MH -*l CM Oi OO t~ O HO lO CO O H 00 CM CM 00 CM ■<*( S -11 gji 005 00 OO ICO 1^00 b- CO 1- Ol "* lO COO CMCM CMO OCM & >> 3 03 bo • : -3 ; 1" C3 (» ™ O 1st -03,2 i^ .3 -C ~£ = 03 ® _c b2 I e p -3 pf* *- H 1 O c SjO ft t>. > O 0-; > '-•2 8 i s- 03 > ,f It - c £ t s s s c - is jl 4) fl CP-2 as is. 03 &i c c c 2 c ©Ok? £ & X wokkmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 143 a I %z 1 g§ e< 3 CM | § § £ Jo CM CM •* to " U9tm * - 1 OO OJ CM S .Q M "" 3 S CM H CO CO HO CO CO HSO CM ^ O CM • c ,_, HN —ICO CM rt "* M CM ^ " H S - 1 H HCM CO CM H^ B (N J ** "* CO ^ CM CO H CO CO H lH CM l~- COCO o « ,_, „_< _„ ^ ^HCO -#H £ 00 CM U3H rH 00 •" 00 <*H CM o rH OH " s CO £ 3^ co ""3 HCM COCO CM —a 3s 9 ~s H £CM LOCO s CO (N H (ON m ■* CO CM OC75 CM 00 6H CM CM § OS o COO 00 COCO COCO CM CO §5^22 COCO 00 ^* t-cb (M'* N o CO "* c5 C0O> H °° CM-! ®H CM CO 6 O C o : = c- o "Si w 1 c 0. 1 sf i cp-3 • .2 c3 © CB " CO if! "8 CO > c - " '£- ';- "^ ©-S e 5 Jifi & ° o p s = 3 = 6f2 1 * CJ M .s c3 g 2 § >> > o 11 > °B p »« 111 z : : = I X. I z r z a 1 .« c = r -** H 1 E ~ I '-- z 1 C i & n £5 I 1 C 1.° o '£ : o QQ C - - c 2 t E- S o 5 ? a c s I ^s 1 & § 5 g CO ^ CO TT-^ « CMCO COH CM H COH a— a- l °g? ^c5 H ^H M H "^ N ^^ M ~* "* N rt s CO CM ^ O "«*< H OJ —ICO ■* H — rt - 1 CO 00 CM H 2 • : H H CMH^t. COCM <* H^ H ; MrH ^H,-,^ CM t^ CM-* CO ^U3 ■* I ^ ^ H N 3 -" H CMH ^ CO HrH -«f CMCO H <« ^ H CM CO CM IO CO 00 ^ ^^ ^ "* ^^ "■ cco ' H 21^ CM CO t- CO M 3 2^ 3 m h "^ HCMCM-HCM CO a - a -« - ^CM W o co h m co io •*« t^ cm t»< co H g^HCO COCMH OS — i H 00 h- OiCM H CO CM CM CO CO CM 00 O "^ 00 CM H 00 CO lO 1^ 00 CM c ii 1 ^ z cp^) © a S o o c ^^ ©^ 1 ■I -3 o "a -d c - n a i L 11 h5 Cd CJ o o 13 p Bo _ 'If > 'cj'ca ® ^ o el a •2 tn CS'o '3 pT a 2 1 c p. ! c 0Q 144 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. £3 CN i % <* s |H ^~ ee C^ '4 § s 03 «|i^|'S CN rH »Hi-«tH a CO ^ CO ^^. CO CN 03 73 rH oo-* S rt CO M ^ 2 ^^ ^CC^ O^ m W J* WHS OS C8 O -° n o 73 CN M © HH - 1 •rt< 00-* CO CN fe +S+S r- OT NN rH " 0" i S5 tN rH Sg| >£c? O -° fl o 73 M ^ ^ n cn 10 • H on H Q j* to r a > t- «3 CN rnco H M '"^^ CN O 00 CN CO CO >®3o gg jj O r° ^ O 73 IQ rH HTf CT H M on tH OHM rH CN 0> 00t~ N; CO ^CO IO H "* O CO rH - H '- | 1 _ | ^°0 ^ CN on O -° fi 73 INN "* s 5 MNU5-HU5 r^ a rnS £ '- on H 1*11 S' 9 I t^b- rH O C£ lO 00 t^ rH O t~ (N rH lO 1 c £ b P 'c -: E - QQ |2 J ^0 2 ^»£ JdcS Sod CcJdc 10' Be gVd-rSl HrS'rH _i"o & oil Tot " a3r§ a. -h-73 c OT 2 c dm c_ 0^ * = a c i ft be bo •1 C3 O "a 3 "2 - «- rH p ; c : p . E i >^ : rQ ; O '• a : S : > WORKMEN^ COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 145 ■ 8 3 S3 K- •«*• 00 CO <0 MH CMCN rtHr- CO r- t-oo _, _, CN OS ti H M CO CN * rt « ~l CN 8 ■«.^H -1,-H,- CO. £ - r S»g(BC gj2 £§81* *>.§ o o m t. : 1 c * E- c8 a -a a ^ <- ti 8&'~ a c c c3 a b2 bio 1 3 tJ . 5 a = ; -r - -^ y O *- C8 O h~ >s X5 CP > O 5 ^ r > ' "^2 > r s ° ill 5 c C .= o .5 J co e £: i s -= - >>! S = = J 1 C! C z i - -r 1 c o o a a c z. z c r c 2 c 80557°— 13- -10 146 KEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. CS r-l IC -<1<^H •* .-!-* COIN SS.g.sssjj >-^§>^| >00 q C > 05 C >£_go£££ i-KN OSIO tO 1-HOCNCN NHHH CNr- .-ICO-tCN .-H^ HlH NM rHtNO OOOKCt rt u; SS 32^ 0OOMN OOltO O 73 ^ to 2 P o o I ^5 m - e< fj "s 'is I ■ ' tuD - B.B .3 Q,T) ^ 'S'g-S 1-1 SjO <3 CO~ fl .s H*rJ -c O co > - ■£.2 a c ■a 3 . ll^rfllflf-i- s If 3(5|^ g "qj PI w co . r- 60*3, ° gsJssfs a o o i^5 O OS « 83 O « 5fOrt«0 8 A Ph - d eca o C3 -2 "1 8 _,j g o a? SSSSSSSKSgSSSSgg;: *£ a c3 be OtO«5W"*l»(NOOOl»iO'l £3 < Eh ^ NNO)ilia©0«tBffl«)iniOMOH« 8 S S H ,-T ,-T s fc "S« tOMOWCDO)lOlOO'*iO'f«*0)0)h 8§ 8 T3 1st r° Si MO>oosMOwooioe»o>Nton: oon ^fooSfew^wS^2^§§^2§ tn § -4 cS ^j gjq o s MMM(NnMMOC NOS31C S3 »o 6C «^rH i-Hi-Hi- ^^ !- -1 O ,Q © §3 2 £2 °° *° M ^ ' H '""' ^W-"- 1 >H«- OS I <1 +S HOO^HOtOOnNiOHWNNHNh 8 OC O o 6 o »CO*<01 l NMINiHr-INN^(NOM'- t-£ 8 £ o o ■ O«5OH®«00NNMNU300OlCNif ^^ bfj a > gg HHHHNUHMMtO^lC g rHCC o < O ^j — 03 o O m OOfflMONiOOiO^MNMCOWMN Cm£ be 1 Q CT> CM <35 -1- t - O MNiOifil HOOiOHOOOMNiOHMNNHNh Si &j0 tut) 00®®W*NMNHrtNN'*(NOM'- 1 &S rH I- ^ 3 a5 tr r-HQ'*'-> w >>> •73 -3 £££££££>>>>£,►, a^-g^g 1 (NNn^1 , «5®NNWO)'H ^ ^ ^+j O cucEcpcScDcscpcccScpocD^^Sa C3 >>>>>>>>>>>>000+i O 000000000000^^^3 oooooooooooocc si CflCfiflCflCflflOfl^^^^ A ■3 "■ "a §1 O c3 >>>>>>£>>>.>>.>>.>.>fe c C c c c c c c c c c Ph HH cbi^o cm fOt^ ^^ £ ^^ r^Y (N r-ceosifl 10 c NNOON n ?: u^O m <^ s S^? — — OJ 0000 ^, -.^ ro § >T. 5S 3 IN -r v SS5 C & ^S^ ■c ?1 {^ (N te co« t^00O3^ CO ■*NM f^S JC WOU5 COO" s SK§ 8?2 5§ss gig !D00 CflBfif "3 S3 S3: workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 149 osooacoc^^asiotO'-HOoocotfjc^c^ oo HHHHHHNWXWe iJHtONNMOl Bj ,_; rA *A ' -* o c< *ioxoCaooocN^rt6»o>pN-Hod(0^rt (N G> t- 5 crT Ntoio tNNNX aT© tjTi-Tio ■*XO!NNrHi(5(M'<( , CONinXX'H»cON"'~ N*«X3)SiolH^a)S OJHXWINWiOiCNtOO ;* rose © © g rt i-H ri rtrtNMXil- 3P5'<) , ONiHin'HMNO>0 © © CO X © CO IC> tONiHMXiot>'' a3 X5 .S « 3 ojrd cd m o3^ ib m to oa m 2 c3_r-< workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 151 Cn © © iO 8 si c X ^ iO - ©Oh- * 3 3 " 3 ':'< ^ cc ". :o M 2 © OJ "f! - es 1-5 « E 8 lO-*00 © CN 3 (NOliO JO OOiO^OO f CN CO HOrt CN O1O00 3) CN 3 m CN mo CD 00 cn" 00 CN o oii-Hidi-i ' ■* © CNOirH 3 O^O^^ © ?1 lOCNCOO «||o IO 1 © •"IIS I th ! 00 -© CO w | ascNOiot^oo OWOMCN CO © ^•Q CN OOOCNCO r- © CO t^CN© CO § © CN~ "i 'id 8SS 00 CO iO ■* t-- rt 00 1^0000 IH t^O CM 2cnco 39 lOCNCN© cd SS = 8 8 !«"! 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P P 2^ IB E la! ill « b 1 - £ 8 | 'a = 1 £ c '1 c < « c £ £ c c = £. - E IX £ - E c 1 1 3 c < < c Id Pel c £ c - c = t c g c 8 c w w c a c c c ? c £ 1 5 c = £ £ < c £ < ' 3 o w -< ►J J i .1 ■z c E p z c £ £ 1 5 I o £ £ E c 154 BEPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. c- -; cr coiO"- lOOOCC ■*> s © --C 00 OO0)0)OO*SiO00HH O'-t-^-^' « d ft » c> " "e$ * * "e 3 o ft Be tONOHCCHCOOONIWI''')' lOOWO moONiOHuss r-i 00 •6 gz -f o ft JS o5§2g ft | IO o d CM IQlO 00 CM © CM ^ i-H T-HOOCOCM ^OOcOMHH i— it^OOOO ' t^ CM CM ' s 9 COrtcCNCC CM ©©CM© d 5 Be 3 4) ft* CM 32 M 2|83^ ^SSco 1 « "* OHHCOH rt © rH CO 1 -S w N^NCCNNNOHOlffiOl (MNtON lOiOCOOS «OlH -2 q o ® fl OOOOOOOOUJfflftCHH Ot^t>—i >- CCrtHH rr rH ft s c> ' " c4 . " ' ' t> ' ft co a © c -1 Hi O , " H ^ 1^ ft- 2 ■*N'fNHH»N(NHOO HIOOO) © 00 t>- J* -1© 1-1 "^ s 6 "<1< CO -* CM © CO CM CO CM CM 00 "* ""HCM-fOO ,, iO t^ (^ © CO © •* tO i-i M ■* O Ol r-( ft! 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W c "l* 1 1 H 1 8 J 4 E - z z 1 a -E ; c < ' a A | ; C c 1 E | i c - - i c 1 £ | 'E •- i ] < ' "3 a i e c a > I = 3 a - c j E 1 3 ' a 6h q w S = | 1 a 1 C c c = J | E •c B 1 < ' o EH 1 < p o W 2 •< B| S £ a C .a .Er a I' 3 I < c f 2 8 c C 158 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. o CC S 5 r | to ;r C4 ■i 1 Re- sult not re- port- ed. ^ : ~* !§l rt ,_ " H " H Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. - 1 ^ :^ CO "* i-4 CM (N tH !-H _■ 1 3 .23 T3 o a o Is B 'O 'O JrH "* CO - 1 CM ^ ^ (M CO -rt ~ 1 s CO CI £: N 05.-I So z a ^^ *"■ w "' - - rt ^ II : Tt- , * §3 H O ** "* ,H *"■ *" "* (N • eo r. CO ^ HMH «C 3 "* : ^ ^ ^ N ; *" : *" E; CO 3 CM CI S CN • CI r-lr-ieO ^ i ^ eo ; "* X t- lO r*C« eo *" ^^.HOS §5 -HCO ; * dM "* : ^^ 2 5 2 CO ^~ CJ ono>hhh a *~ : *" ^l> 00 - i - ; ^ M g ■HCO *- O IO CN ■* TH -^< OS ©^ s - 00 o 1 ^ H i ?1 s CO 5 ^ ~ ^io^-h^-ioo 8 (M • CI 5S 00 ^ Tt o = Z IS 50 o Q W 1 1 c > a : ij f j I ! • ; ; a o Eh w : g | < 00 P O M - CD .Er 3 a I I _ c <- "cj O Eh c C a C 160 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. o " <£ 2 - co te >: a 4i s M 15 cr- 'I 1 ' o r s ili*i^ rH rt l^&asll rHrH rH ^ rt ^ SO CO.CM ^^CMCO-H . c3 .9 -a o 1 1 -d 1 1 i * .S 8 '& o o e 3 1 3 !» s o ® S 1 rt rt ^ i CO ^ HMHH ^ £So3ogs| 2! 5 2 >55 0 3 o *£ >> CO CM (N > M CM l—l n0,HH s N . ^ *" : U a O -° ° O -3 "* M "* COTh^ CO HH CO CM rH INlOiON c eo " cc r^ s ss 3 o g^ b t- CO « COtOiOt- cS ^ ^rHOO l» 3 O £> ■* w *tO rH 'O^^' o tN iO Cl 'C u O -"Bo -3 > I O 1 . tc W I H P W C « P H P a 1 J E c 1 i o g I .2 B I, O c c - \ i P c "c C f P- P 1 c — C t X ,P c H Ob p

It : I ' c c ,c c c • c - }ft 1 -.3 Jo workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 161 M 5 2 1 " cc Q - S HOO ' Nrt CO •a MOIHO 00 co CO CN CO OH s ¥ e g 1-HCN eo COrHCO^HO s? HO a Hf "° co o O OS t-HOC | CO CO O CO CN - C j | 5 _o p | > o c C : c ) 1 c r! c c 1 : T i c z c 5 ~c -1 |3 o w |Zi a s o ■- ^ I = A- CD ft s bp >2 7 c - ; ( c p c 80557°— 13 11 162 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Total. IM 5 2 I ot at s - c? (M o5 5 1 Re- sult not re- port- ed. ^ : -* * § S " ^^ Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. ^ ^ 1 1 >> 03 .2 X3 O fl o 3 T3 t5 2>> *"• ^ : N TK rt "• i-HN rH -• rt * ^^ ^ rH O -° » O -a CO ^ * H ** oa " O ■" H O T3 cn cs CO ^co ^(o"5o Peg £? CO rH ^ ^ cs CO CN eo ^ O -" H o -d rt - 1 CN H -* ^cs Sim "So £>05 b • H ^ o ^^ g>o"5 oP^ >> M rH N : m ^ «• CM-r |"5il s l > N "^ HN*« 2 cc ^ rH ns l^llf^l 6 c c c a g 3 ~?3 o s - 5 : ^ 'I li 21 bc~ cpiji "3* si o c I I t CP c ■ i c < 1 i OS- Ph 3" o P3 3 o B H 9 w H X « 7 3 | I c c p c p c - c a p . j - c ; : ) c IS c I c ,c 1 c "£ g r 00 CO COt-li-ICN o ^ CO ■ r- eo co s CN •-' «o 00 ^ ^ t^ ! "lis rt o - 1 ** CO COCNCNCN 2 ^ i-l CN "* ** : -lis •o to rt * H CN CN^^CN s ^^ : CN CN CI oo '• 00 1 h§ » s ' OH ® w o> CO eo cc CN '• CO • CO o OS CN rHW CO eo CO CN i-i 00 s CN eo >Q fl I a lis OS S8 ,H ,H 00 CO o> CN»0 te 2 : 2 ' H Oi © CN^ O^ s|s CO CO ci (N s COCOiOCNOOCN CC X fH o> T^tNCN s§ cc CN CO COlO CO IO ~£ 3 1 "SSo'^SK oa 32 3 HCNK3N 1 CO 2 S 00 ■* 8 i c I [ 1 c I T - 1" | i t i 3 3 a "J 2 e Q g P3 9 ! »s > M W *■ eg j qo e 1 i « ; a 1 8 ; t| a | •1 : J; =2 "l \ - I j i ; 1 i 1 3 \ 3 o 1 PS Eh X c 1 : ij I i 'I '■ : ■1 ; < • T V ' .jr ^2 \« : - :-2 ;•- o Eh w p c ! j - .2 o c i i £ o Eh Q w a = j i C . c . < -i : ; i ; 2 - i 5 S -1 lg O Eh w : o . w • ^ : 1 a i 3 O M I i .a 2- 2 M 2 I 5" 2 e c E ( c 164 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 03 O H co s s cl r CT ce s | [£ 5 cococ ^1- r B '? Re- sult not re- port- ed. M ^ dog ^.H^^^H Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. '-"-' ,H - 1 - 1 ^ r -£ O5C0 -* co co co i-H ! 1 >> 03 | 3 -a -d S 1 a .3 % s > § £> S §3 g g O w ^ fl ftSfl CO i-H ^ "* ^ ^CO-H-H CO £SoaogSf| CO CO - 1 CO 05 ^ Tt> O ^ fl -a CO n 10 «o 00 9 CO C0»-lt^— 1 q^^ a g^ <© ^ TftO ^ »3£;«? OS CO OS -f -r "* 2^ 5OC5C0 O-^OiO S ^b. CO —1 CS I*S1S*I * g ^COCO^ H aass | 3 CO - ! s lli s f CO 10 r-l - §s CM 2 -* rH ^^ -* 1-4 M rt ' H (Ni-H CO '^ 2 - |H ■<*< « ^ > >3 3 2 >* O ^ « o T3 • 1-h coqo.-i e* Hr-i # S>,s J3 5 -S ■ - °- £S o o o o 30 o ja o'o.gss'^'oP/^ g g 03 o3 «3.g g ej^ WORKMEN 's COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OE MAY 30, 1908. 167 M S 3 s ^ £g '1 a S | 8 CN 1! ° 00 1! S 1 s 06 1 cc H ,H ^ ^^ W •"• : M ■Q CO OS co~^~ <© s ^ : 5 rt OS 551 : s 8 a a N CN CN-H CO ^ : rt ) ^ *~ : ^ g IT CO 8 WtOi-HUS rH so ^CO rt 10 CO rH O -' O f 1 Eh ft B 5 1 c s. 1 a \ | 4 5 I 1 - 1 1 • 'i !| 12. J 3 w : H i 1 i 1 w S C i ! g li 1 53J>>» | B I s 1 1G8 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OP COMMERCE AND LABOR. > Tt. 3 o ^ 56 £• »ii-l(NN .-ICO o CO ,r CC ! OCN CM cr 1 CT »c c ~ CO 3 CNrHCNCN t * - - , M n 1" M >o CO "**■•*" 2 2 rt 3 CO - M |g 5 - 1 >o rt *■■ ^ H o, CM 3 O rtrt CM rt « CO OS ^ ^ CM s s g « co O CO CN CM CM CH CM s ^ *■• - 1 « CO rt CN a- a « CN "* C} CM * CO co G>r-< c CO i V ~ c a > C _c .: ; H i o En | M OS w « s* a all « z § 1 O i- 1 1 C i - : 3 o Eh w 1 c a | - c i & : \ ■= J ; 1 f 3 o Eh C "c c a c J= '2 ■> = '= c. c z j: c - E '"I C ' t e q g w = c a 1 c c c C I - f c 1 i. c c ' 1 E" ' o c I 'c 3 a •3 O Y : c c 1 *c5 o Eh c a 170 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OE COMMERCE AND LABOB. &5g 1 K«W fa Sgg 8 §!« 2 Q *£§ ^ 8 **< £ S b"3 o & 2 c Foe © § «S '5* fell Is* M§|8| 5^jac g« SriaB^Kb O -° fl o ** & . * «c r r eo « * c CT s o S ^ co BO ■"' CNCNININ OS 2 -• 2 coco CN s - ~CN a CO co CN^H co (M CN "* * - *" ^ ** ^^ "-< CO rt CO « 'Z. » ■*•* 00 * ^ CN(M t^- s '-J I c c a c C < j i e a _c "c 'I I < ' o Eh O M fee oS g fi-H F e£ G § w C oE : B rt l « = 8 £ In | | 'a c < c E- e < 5 c r - C = c - - : | - "c < ' 3 o P . f < 1 i .J - c a c c - - i c > > o Eh a i c Si % z | - C | : c 1 I z a - ' e M o < ' 3 O K < -> ry ^ ,-' ^ 1 j J 1 a 3 ° a 7 f c ? i c Eh C c c REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Total. 8 P CC sg "; -T * C 4 r" x " | Re- sult not re- port- ed. ,H CN - 1 -(CO 00 ^ : SH ® 2 3-* -8 rt g fl rHCO MH ® Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. HH CN i ft 03 d *o a .2 P "i -d -d 1 o 3 ? a 1 o ft g 2 & | d o & £ "3 CN CN CN CN * ri iH CN " HrH0 ° rt ^ ££ do ?>!§>> -H rH CN CO rH "* II o-^f-t CN '-' CO CO ^-.rH l ££do22>> °>fta gr-.* iH CN M ■* CM^u,^,^, I O -° fl o -d CO rH ' + CO WHrt CO | 1 II >£ 22 >S c? rH 1-1 CN CN rt •rH 1 >°?o |f- b O -° a o ^ 1-1 rH rH -1 -* ^ >* ij ®«3o 2g b O ^^ O nj 1-1 ' H CM CM CM-* 1 O 10 - fi o^-d "* tONHN -HS ^ ° ££ b CO lOCNCOrH S £cm|2 >£ as O -^ » o -d CO «ONNH rHCN CN iU *"• OCNCNr-l i-H Ssdo22s| CN.-HOO i-WO - ft ^ 05 £i2 g 2 £cn S? O -° s >d •^r-i^jeq COO CN CN^CN TJH 1 O -^ fl 0~t3 ■* O CO CN OOOOr-l l-l rHtHtO l .§ 3 s-d CN--HCNCN.-H T-HCOlO rH 1 O^*co S 1 •2, *3 d e3 s g K ■$ & i. X c W E W OS P a 4 3 I ft '53 1 3 .'5° feE ■2 « p ft c p c ft c 1 ft" : O p cc ft 1 z p tp p c ; c ? ■= - p •ft C c c -5 PI if 1 = .5 c 1 'c ft P C 2 2 2 g © ft ft 3 O f 3 c GO H W a a O ft -1 Cv c ft ft c ft "c z ft ! - ft CL'ft OO ftft c ft c 1 p 1 1 J c c c ft O ft C Q - ft 1 c c ft i CO M OS ^ ^ M hh -la CM ^ to OS S3 ^ s "* WM O00 C CO 1 ^ (N * H • o CM 00 3 HH O CM CM CM CO CM t~ CO CO 00 rH o U ^ FH CO CM ** rt "* CMrH * CM - s t-rH 00 he? rH M 1-1 HH lO 00 ' H 1-1 rH ' H 1-1 CO 03CM alb ^ ^ 00 CM CM 00 Jh 9 rH '~ l " H CO CM CM CO^ co h3 CO "' OOHjHOCOrHCO co rt *"• "~"° O M CT> CM II 3 00 oc CMrHCO H9) s CO 'eo OO 00 ^ OCM 8 | B - s M-H^^CMC^ 5 co°° - "" l " H 7 8 <* CMCO OCS OS o 2 2 »as««« p I 2 B rt 1-1 o ;' CO COCO OH B III K OS 03 tf H* 8 « W £ £g 1 O 6 5 £ 1 1 1 c i 1 ! 1 o in M H X c Q b - -5 ! C ' 3 < o3 o Eh c < a • c : i > o o w < I • e - •- < : ■ c 7 - 'i "l : > o £h £ : < O w ►J w o o •- E ( s g 1 - c -7 p C 174 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Total. ;■- a '4 £355 S 3 2 r t- 3 s S s -n r^ Re- sult not re- port- ed. rt CN rt rHCO • 00 M ** : Fatal acci- dents. ,H Tt- rH CN rH rH rH Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. COCOrH rHrH cn "" CN 3 COCO CN HH 1 a c3 '■£ 'o "3 a d a 03 rg 3 o s > CO £? pJ o fe 3 c IN - 1 CO rHIr- CO • rHCO Tf ^ ^ rHTTt rH 5 CN U5MNH ! co rH ^ ^ 1-1 CN rH o O. eo ! CN CN cOrHrH rH rHCN M CNCO co j O •" s o^d W <* ^ ^ £ 5 2 >x ee? O -° q o -a W . ! O - a o -a CN rHCO M t^ CN to 7-1 lOrH O®' a o^-d O rH "* (M^ rH ^ CO ^ : CD t-rH CN^J rH to "5 » : Q^rQ Pi O 10 ^ H "* CS CO iH i-l CN CM CM CM O rH - ** 1:3 O -° fl o -a hh "5 *<0> <* rH ^3 : 5 co - o -* ^S^H ^ Sc^ - 1 :-° CN IS O -° a o d -' OS CO CNCN 5 CM " i O -° " O d M § T-HO O^t^ rH CO^CN «C I CN - j O^-QPicS ^ M m lOrtOtO (N rH COt^CO CO p CO " j O ^ « o d " 3 o w M^H | ^i S >>d r^ U cn rHCNCN-H ^HOOVC rH 1 O i d 1 § M H w £ ti « W 4- c J - c 1 i S c a •2 o I 1 1 fe£ 1 ? c P I c - p a : - c - I p - T •-E c . .- c h- f a p c c c bo s o a o a Hi a o PI C3 O s °% c3 — :- I-, c- 1 J c p c < 1 ■I 3 : O ; " : o S « w g (h 7 5 c o p r-i a C c a rC g C c 'J "c a | c a c c £ a i e c 1 rC o i ; O O o workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 175 3 1 * o 35 S cn ■o CO g t- 3 - f° a cn s '->:' c 8 00 e S S S 1 °° E 5 | CO i-i CO '° ** ** CNrH CO CO O ^ ^ rH *. j IQ S CO 3 CO COCNCN00 00 CN HH a ^ rH CNrH | t s rH CN * CO CO CNrH co CN j CN Tf 1 ^ c-. S HH cn r " IQ CO C3 rtH : rH CO ^ ^ rH '-? WCO 09 CN M CN t»*< tN S CNCN * CN !co 00 - H l N gJ^ sl s COCO ■* Oi J CN i N , " HH CO ^ rHr-( ^ co i^ ^ Cft ; O) CD co CO •* i] "* ^ ,H NH ■* M •CN CO "* rt^ 3 ■a OH CO l ° CN N NllH^ eo s CN !N HH : N " S rt -1 S *M 22 1 rt CNrH N CO O^ CN •^ ^ 2 th 2 tB rn^-. : rH it CNrH CO CO ^ ^ o> '• 02 CN h'* CO « HHHCq CO oo "* rt •CN CN rH i 3 W wn ^ CO CN lO ^ oo rHCN co OS '• 03 CO M lOHNNHO) CM rH CN :CO rt H C-) "*" 00 i CN ■ s s Kt^rH ; s| eo CO •OiHlONHN CN «fl ^ CO ' rt OH *l O) HIOH CN «o CN CN OOCO^COCNCN CO CO CO CN HH "* OCN 6i 1 NCNCN rH £ 1 ~~*> * <35-<} COIM iH N i 03 >> la 03 o a o 08 1 O ,Q 8 p •T- -3 bp o 53 g a - 1 ^ -* CNIOrH H (M tH HHri ^ oo ^ see? o^ 1-iilSf ^ ^ ~ i-Ht^t^ O *° G O 73 rH N ^ ^ ^ O :«n co : "° ^ r* ** eo^ ^SS 2 >° o3 O - ° O 73 >0 s s ■""■< o rt rt rA ^ o CM— 1 CO « * g OCOrHrH p 1-1 M ^2^^ CM ' H ,H CM CM rH O O o ^« rtrH £ rH •"* CN CO 00 rt « fc CO CQ rH^ CO »o "* rH t^ X - 2°.^ So MNMONO so t-r-H 30 ^ •1" S S CM 2° "" § CO eo COCO-* CM 2 8 OIt-H o "* *- oo t^ J5 ;-= 05 r 3 CM CM •a«— « 3S -" a CO s 3 "* o>o § I ^8 30 & 2 c? ^2 H 2§ 1 S^ M "* s § CO oo CM c _r c c £ C z c - c C C 1 r - r r c 1 | \ "z - c < c 3 y £ H oS 6" w WW J: £ W rf i 1 a 1 8 £ E a - r c 5 ( o 5 p C C c '= 'E E ,c C5 C C 'c : •- C E- c S c 8 > C 'E -- 2 E ~''z c ' c i c - - c r -- C 'r C \ I z c C .E c ' o $ c H 'eT a -5 - f ( c :- 9 C 80557°— 13 12 178 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. ?Ph « o > |q C3 .53 t3 o a .o -3 g 1 o L« a ol o s b"S o & £ a ,H - 1 rHTT CO rH rHCO "* "* a TPO »« IsiiSsi? ^ - 1 ' HH -i* *" 1311 >s£ CO ^ HWN o Oi s rH rH ^ CM I-Hl S | rH ^ ,H CM >.o UO ^ l B iil fe l ,H * ^ OS M "5 l«3ogo>. HH *"< CO CM "■' CO ^ 2 co PI IsIlSsI iO CO rHCO ^^^ C-] CO so O -° G O -3 CO i-H rH -*CM T* wujh O) ^ *- O -° c o -3 OS CM -* rH rH rH CO t- CO - "• 05 O - C O -3 >o iO lOOMN "■* H-rH(N 00 rHCS, S 0^-° a 0^-3 CO 00 INlONH rl c^c^ M 8 w 8 lallSsI O -° c O -3 CO CO CMOW CM rH ss* 2 - 1 eo CO O -° » o -3 CM "5 ■*00O5 HO to C-5 PI O -° fl o"-3 CO £ rHCMi-H 00 rH 3 CM OS -3 03 Sr 3 CO CMgCO 1C00O CO fe : >> .2, .'a* "o 2 3 5 s « H * r W | « a! W -t- c £ a c i a a- eo o o 1 "8 o t I a) E O t hH e cS a I jC c o c I c 1 'c c o J | G O O o 1-5 i a o -a S3 O a -1 hH © © a o c c3 o a - hH* fa htff r-) 1 c c o c c 1 ! o 5 1 o H s w s H i 1 o t o o r-5 O b a a c | s c 6 o rC c j c 6 - o 3 i C : o o o o rJ WORKMEN 's COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 179 1 *S CO o CM o OStN eO 5 IN-* §3 NH CO to « tN ^ ^ s o 3 t-KNNfH o» ** eo « I rH ^ rt ■* "3 to 3 ^ H (N tN "* ^^ tN ^ to t^ "* o rt CMH - 1 US ^ rt ^ oo oo - N« ** s N ^H Tf N £35 *"* ^ ^"H tN 1-1 ^^ eo 8 TPOi CN rMrH o tNCN to o 7 cooo.^ en CO CO l-iO0"* 3 sl 1-HCOIO a ^ s ^ tNCN tO-H ce X 00 eo 2 ** ^ O^GOCOrHCC a - H ^- ry> rt 8 •r - 1 CO 2" Pi 9 tNto tO CO »HtN OiO to 00 to r < \ 1 i 5 : 5 - : 'J 5 c >r- ■ • < - i 1 r i o a < « m P | oS ll 8 Em t P* | \ s i 8 ,5 - ' - i i i ■ - I 5 ! 5 3 O 4 2 [ s c I = > c a t i c V C .5 J " - C o ft < z 1 r : c c - [ .- c c f 3 ' w : o ■ S : O z * 1 c ( a - 'c fi- a* a E 1 < c E- c E r C 180 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Total. " o o " ~ R t^coco - 2 E -r o c 2 IC 1 ~l Re- sult not re- port- ed. M * CN O rt,oc C -1 ^ CO rH r-HCOCN o (MOO CO (N rHH •"* rt CMCMt-i 3 HO 2 CO rH J3 3 o g^ b t- t- lOON^i CO 05"*CM 00 •Q c > 1 H s S E w +. P -S c p E c ■ o oS.K 1I B c c 72 r P c c c I c = c 1 1 o p - 7 H a Is co^. 00 ^ 11 ; rt 1 th cm : rH i rt •"■ rt : "* : "* Is in con a ^ HOC ■* 3HINO ea CM CM CMCM»OCOtJ<0 r-< i-HCO CO CO a- s -•^ : O CI fl " - CO £g*H»o 1 «o h cm s? — . H£cO ' H^ : CO CM - 3- 5 00 : ; : c o o ►H- 3 3 — o : Z a c c o = y, S < c ft 1 OS Eh H m « IS! ££ £ O O tt |* -E a -3 § 1 8 5 o a o M M O -= 5 — 3 J - - = - = "r: 5 O o C EH 1 c c r-5 o 5 o O I 3 "3 o EH p o o a, = c c 3 I ■= 1 O EH w : w : S : f < -J r« w S -i * I 1 a 3" — 1 rt _ 3 i a d Eh z IS ■5 182 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 6E COMMERCE AtfD LABOR. Total. ^H© HWr & * oo'" H _| «-■ CD 2 Re- sult not re- port- ed. rH(N rHrHOi (M R| rt £I - 1 |!1 rH 1 N Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. CO ^^ rt I ca 03 "3 a .o 3 -a •d 2 .a i 1 a 3 CN1 ^^ 3 o ^3 ^ 6^-°^ O^d ^ 1 CO i-i CO - ™ 11 CO rt rH iM COCO O ^ o^d CC 1 " HNWNN I-Ill-f -* 1 ^ 0^-° a o°°d rHrH 1 "- 1 O - » o d ™ ^ : 1 HN cs O >° fl o d ^ 1 ^^ > Jg 3 O g CO >> 0* rl ^rH ; *° NH ^ O - » o d ^ PH^H CO ^C ^ 0^^«o^^ ^ ^ oc II ^.> 3 ? "o 1 w : h ; S : W ; B i « s w *> B 1 o - c s e : : o s c 5 -- A J3 o a c3 o 3 'a 11 O a p o ,o c -r o : : 3 <3 a o o >3 p 1 « s o c tC Pi o o a : m " : 1 : : ; 6 fi SI atff ; : - : & P SP B 6X : 3 o 1 3 3 I O 5 5 o Eh 1 B i I o c i o _: o 1 c p C - - 1 C : o c c J o o a o o 1 6h workmen's compensation under act of may 30, 1908. 183 OS 00-* s o ^<5s0C«O M Q rt "* ,H,H CN rHrt N 3 us OS .-H 04 ^^ CO O ^ ^ cs - to 00 (M 50 "* CN CO SO cn "5 pH u> o 2 PH ^ oo S5 *- *l - ^~ rt CO o OS !^* i] CO CD "* CD Tjt-^ (TO !: H ES° £ co^ ~s> OS cs CO 3 s o 00 CO o 00 s ll o lomacoiot o> 00 t^ CN CN 1 ^ ^! ^ e» ^HN t^^fl OC CD c c c 1 c 1 1 c J I 1 c < • I c E- •< 33 « *3 El 1 OS » ^ « « m H o ^H a| | i -S 8 5 c "c Z '£ - a c 1 - c < o Eh 8 a c < C X : c -.= C 1 o Q -< w a 5 c < ( c c pt "I | = C C 1 c < ■ 3 o Eh w : § j p a ^5 O I"! r, H a i. I S .9 1 £-- -1 <5 U c c pi ( 3 o C 184 REPORT OF THE SECRETARV OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. m g Total. NC 6 c^ 5 1 c 1 »c 5 c; 5 N S5 X ^ -> | t- Re- sult not re- port- ed. i-HCO t-ll-l HC1 1-4 0*1-1 5 CO o « ' dog 1-1 ^ rH ^NH CN ■ Cases of per- ma- nent disa- bility. eo "• ** CN b- t* OJ rH «© rH CN rH 1 03 O G o '■§ 1 •a 1 rd is d « o a ^ rt cs ^ coo ^ ; i-i o cn C^rHrH ^ -* CN l-4-*<£> t-l-H 00 rH rH rH (N.-I <3» (NO CN >2 32 >S^ TP rHrH ^HCOCN N NH toe* g ,_, "S "S a; «> >> O r-4iH ,H ^ ««H -* rH CNCO CC:CC rH CO i-l CNg so S^g b O -° a o x) CO o> t* CN CO »0 CO O^O* s T-HIO lO * J* 00 ■* lO CO CO CN -* IM0O COCO s CN S8 *" S3 f~ CO 00 CN CO CO •*CT> 1 co 3 >12 g"| >S o3 CO CN CO °>§3S "* rt ^g* « CN CO OS St* "So g^ b 00 JO CNJ^COCN HHiOlf! g cs 2 T3 o3 3-3 a CO '-' E5 o C2 ^ ^ ;t >> "3 CD B 1 EH ^ r. W E £ oc N h- £ | c < a a f c 4 1 c ! c ,s o 1 rd -2 1 II I - C P 1 rC c r 1 • - i c a C >- c £ P C c .if O) « d O "1 g o i" iC d © a O o a T- ? o- § ^£ -; - si a- •5-1 rH i a- \ C r* «P c c < 1 1 < 1 H ■ o 1 s « EH X rt - c - c c b jC c c c z "5 c 1 i a a r« "c s c C c r= o ! 1 C i o '>2 o 1 workmen's compensation under act of MAY 30, 1908. 185 -a s § * - | j o '=■ i 5 S3 3 o — ~ 5 o CMCO •r I «5 « c E - % 7- CM s _.o_ - CMOCrH - N CM s s S CO 2 ** 1 HNNC, 2 s 8 CMQO - CM as goo c^ 1 CM ^ R CM w *" CO CO 1-1 ** 00 ss CO CM ^HrH CI - H 1 co^h »o OS CM-H 1 I ^ ^ s a = O^ S rH " H (N II HHIOH ° a CM-* o CM ^ CO 1-1 OH r c a co»o ^ H ■"■ l CHrHN ,H co "* M " H ^ M s a : nC " H *. cm l NH HCO *■ "* "* ^ CO ^ 5 -tfTHCM 5 ^CMrH CO *"■ IH CO "* ^ ^ - 3 S§ NMNH 2 ^ CO CM ^ r ^ HH CM ^ S £ S3 HH s " rH a CO CM a> ^ CM CM ^ CO ^^ CM "* 3 - 3 «f lO ^ CM CO ^^ CO S ^* H CM ^H^Hr^ CO 1-1 CO-H 10 « -a- CO HH <*«IINffl OS rH ^ 1 ^ CN CO CM 2 J^ s ffi 2 H " 5 (N l CM CO >o a ' H 1-1 ^ 1-1 CN 1-1 s ^ zz co^co^ s rH l "* *0^ CO a —: CO as WH ^ "3 rt i^ a r: as— s CM N "5 N § H 2 30 *"• ** CO o "* o cr o t^ r^ cm co 5 N N S^S^S CO 'OH «D CM^-I b " o ^ COC^ CO iO 1 OOXN© CM CM 3 co CO c^cm^cS a eN M S rH^ CI a c CO CMCM co^H 8 1 MCH^i w eo CO CO ■* CO "tf -* CO HNO CO L : ^fe« s CO^H if. - N CO 3 8 p 1 M i 1-1 n 8 p o co a> co io ■* o> CM CM CO 1-1 ^i 1 as ^H CM t^M< 1 ;-; c a 1 o c : = J > > - ! < it : jj 5' 2 > ! g "3 o W . p- na 8E i io ! s ■* 8 j : c 1 is i > 1 j i 3 5 : i c E- 1 f - C - '= c - \ 1 | - r c )< ( "3 o i w 1 a g c a e C : : c 3 O ft H - J: c E! r is 'o C z I 2 c V 1 i < ' 7 c m" : o . i : 1 B O W gi 7 ex .£ e c 'c p- p. i tXO 1 z C y i, 3 o C r 186 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 03 & Cow *S -^ ""' c3 2 C 1-1 «s° fC^j CO — u NW>f t- CO Tf lOCOCNCN O IOH -2c o o o g ,j> "g ^ ft o o M B j; £. ft® Wfti°|sl^^ 3. S • P © 8°k^oo-£ -1 PmO ShO^i-^ »-3 '§oo.S.SS &•«<•< WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OP MAY 30, 1908. 187 *" sffi5 " cn 9 o S i2£ " >- s ? E IH.<-i CN S w c 5£ S e < E t. 5 w s -= E cl, w != 1 Ob — O •2 I'.i c E- Eh C £ c = E r f 1 IF C 02 ^ P a c c i c c 1 'e c 33h££" H o"'i3£o3< 188 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 1 tS 'o w a o •I 8 ft 1 'o 03 "o §.« 10 2 r c 1-1 3 Flying splin- ters, cuts from rough or sharp edges, etc. 1-1 M S ft^lgig r* .a a o3 c3 b o CI CJ r-H rl 00 O CO <5 S3_3"S_o !? Pi fe c5 - 1 M 3 o.ggH|.gs.g|.g^ CO 00 CO 10 CO 1 ! g |iJ N os g|§|?l|i <*lH ,-H © to esi s«s Q 7-1 ^ CO sjlllpllflptl ei cn •* ^ U5 s m4PJi i-tCl CM t^ a 1 > •11 ^a ^ a ft r " 1 1-1 ^" ^.aofe "* "* rH ^ CO ofe|l§ft| Ph^JS'S ftg ,H 1-1 ! : 1 : CO ^ "* - 6 2 §3 ] : 05 b I "o HN l> CO H * CN rH * CO 00 CN rH CO r: o OS 1 CM o CN r^ ^ - I th rt rH CO 1 CN <* CO rt CN CO CN "* CO CN CN CN ^H rtN * lOCOrH rH CO N iO CO rHO - 't o '■■ — 3 c - • c S 3 ■-.~ .5 ~ H o -7 ~ c 3 3 s 3 ° cu 11! r-1 o 3 o ft : ft : o ; 3 g il o S . « i; H . r-i _= K r w - s 3 C ;; 1-1 o 3 o 3 2 o 5 t' Eh O ■ • 2 '• I & : : | :| in O r-i r ._£ O - - a o - c ^ c 5 C C- o ! o ■ || < 73 o Eh w : 3 « M So s s*g .s d : o ; •S. ' = .-_ ll O *J © Eh 190 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. o 73 a> | a, s o •I g CD a 73 o ft d> d 'o 03 O 1 a 13 s«s -^ >- 3 IC 1 o i^-d rt - 1 11 CO tN O CO CO 00 N ,-lt-,H 03 cg ft fl o'S '§'°" H a -3 X3 ft C tj si §11 I WW^r-l * 2 CO'-O OS Atari* aft* efe r- O ftS oi? -g 73 a> £$ c^« >c •>* c. 1-1 CM 'S M73 '73 fc^ bBbbiod o.s§3|.ss.ag.s^ % rH ^ "rn a i a5 g g f§J OCO^COrHO, Th ^ "* 3 £73 gjf'S'd bo^uS & cb § c3 © ^h ^-1 lO 'Z »c 5 1 C c c I 1 E^ 9 B I C O O workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 191 a> s 50 2 ■« - cO 7 CI - M + *" « OS o» CN OHO) cm N - o o w * H lH 3 * "5 rt cn CN eo M t>» U9 CO CM 3 X -CO •* i- l-H CO w 2 fc — o 2 cn § 2 c£ 90 ""'*- s M^^H lO CO * ■* rt *^t~ 2 CN «o ■a H CN o CN 2 iO - 1 co (CNOO CO — OS CI cOCN g rt co ol-S ec 5 ,H ** iO CN CN " ^ ^ cN ri " H - rt ~ a 'I a a — c; .= c s~ Q c o [ 3 a m ■ w : w : "5" 5 00 11 « c 3 j c 1 ! | E '1 "3 a H a •5 ~ - = - : c 2 > c ! o 3 e C CN s s ^ ** CN lO CO «2 3 E cn : N - s CN MH — 00 r £; -1 ^ O0CD— CO (NOS i-i t^ CO " i : "* »H CN HM ^ ■CO-* CO ~i lO CO ^ : ~ CN — I t- CO- ^ CN -<* . s "2*c3 © Si Q a 13 M rH 05 3 co U3 fi 1-1 -i >, i g a uVf. ,3 & ft+3 2 t> 3 ft P O c3 s -'0 03 i« IflO ^H lOCC-HOO a> 1 ^H(M |1tS*£i1i M ^^ o oo t^ 10 '11 M ■ — ' © i-Hi-l O ^ r3 ^ p^ 0) co,£ ^ CN o ^« Tj<00 00 rtNH 00 i §§111°?^© CN CNOO r-H OC^HOOCO,-! Oi ON 00 OOO CO CO "* tN <* c ^COCO 2 r-ieo CC co H ^^5 ft® M o »o " > (M CI CO CO ft" SOH (M ' bC>> If ©.a i u •^ 3 ft b S o cp ^■^ ft ^ o IOCO ^ S3 ^ •i , W ' rj c3 od g i P -22 s pl p ft £ C M c8 2 rt >o ^ r ~ o £ *-■ r-ICO ^ CC 3 o 1 55 CO 9 H . H c W ,= « "5 H * Si i c c 1 Hi c a ? by i c - n o o © v ft o "So o ,3 © b o c c c z c .£ c I p c c 1 - c z s C c c c c 1 o < c 16 | S « « o £ & « i 3 'a I workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 193 lO ^o '£% |S5 us o - ~i OW5 O- s E 1 - 3* E i - 1 - 1 rH rH^.O oo 2J - - eoeoio>oco o OS rHrHrH " II 1 rH 3 (N NHH CM 1 3 M<*<*tO-4l OS CM "oo 1-1 8 CM f i CM M ^ 1 CM CO CM o * H «S CO - 1 CM c, S3 N N "° «.rHrH OS a "* * M CO a - CM c h 1 d ci r6| ' o +. !i ep p h] s:i 4>T3 « P § c WrP C SOS OOrQ-C hi c 1 1 2 CO I 1 a: o workmen's compensation under act OF MAY 30, 1908. 195 •<*< CO lO OS a t-i 3 ft ^ O 03 w O 0) H CO to •"• rt «3 a cc 1 fltfisflif S iS ** '- 1-1 loco 90 ft H 73 2 .^ "S 3 b ^ 6 "h 2 A C ^2l^|lo.al°.aJ>5-s ' H 00 05 COIN 00 >o g §§il°il£ - -0 N 7-1 32 CO t - § CO M 10 £ ^j§S3g,|fl|-Sg-E| ) >§.« CO CO •* ^i * 1 s |© W c 5 - 1 "■ jo 3 CO--H 15 o> -s "* 1-1 co 3 1-1 "* 1 i** M © s *■' *" © CN rH CO 255 ^ =' 1-1 2 "" s 2 CN© CO § es t "- 100 s - 1 - 1 M CNCO oo CN OHt * 2 r- ^ "^ :"* CN © ocst^ 1-1 ■o « s na cn cm CO© CO s " rt ^^2^ ^ s CM O CN 1-1 '•© - "" ^ S^CO 8 r-ICO 00 cn -as * s * ^2S 3 Oi o *s ^ CNCO © Ha S* - 8"°?^ workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 199 lO - % r-CN 00 | 00 | = - | 3 IS r ii in : CN - -• ^ : ^ lO | US C» " 1 - 1 oo ll .0 •"■ : ^ : : : O 1 -* : rt *~ ** CN ; - 1 1! OHM 5 8 N + 1*1 N - 0^ i o c ;l 1 3 = j a 3 o Eh 9 J w - 1 ! j • : w >*< c I H?= i! . a [A Hi T II ; -a ; e3 i a 3 w : •2, •< 'i Ih •: W .£ i 1 i 1 "3 a : m •.2 • 3 » j f- - p 1 c c ^ 8 -* "5 — ! ^ ^t1 ^ CO : rt : "* rt 12 ""2 " a -28 rH rH HH t^ >o CN CO rH H* eg HUJO CN cs CN rH O0 CN 2 — rH g5 COCO ^s a 00 rr CN r^ " J ^ : M 3 ! a CN rHCO CN co : M 1-1 CO 00 eot^ ■"* ^ ^ ON CO P. Go'k ■%■£>■" ^ CO w!S||g TP CM OaQO rH s d § r! -Too d»9 ^2? . rH rHCOCO S ^ CM CO S3 '3 "i g | _cf"2 3 'S <1 s S S ® * * -S rH-* iO 1*11 111 as M5 co cm ON CO S S 00 : CM rH CO OS rH rt SP 12 d "& *££ be b b2 6 o.gg||.gs.s|.a-s CO r 03 § > S § ^ ~ CM o M S MB S.h'S'O ttti h+j § ii c ci CMCM rH ■•5 CM a |3|' S ||l cm ^ CMJ» CO s M TP l-Sa"S W* 3 og CO CO CM i S3 JL „r i § aj" O tt) i go g i co" • O CM 3 1-1 o rH a S^OaT . ■+S o .& S ° ® fflj2 Q,® ffl 1-1 'O £ 2 «> 2 6 "* "^ ^8 1-1 lilts *"■ HO «o S £ M °° ^Sg M s & ' 2 go S3 c3 °2 Pu £ S3 m Phc3 rH CO rH rH N«M o 6 2 CM CO CO b I "o 1 S3 -g I'" g ^ B So H rH H H ^, m or a S3 p v- ~ 5 a ~ S3 O +- 0| o '" o w S3 "S-z ~ c o^ St o*" to*: d cu^ c3°l ^d J PeSO «^3 p ^O^rC P o o ° ifea c g Eh ~ S 'S E* o O K KH g «4 c c c 3 o 3 workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 201 oo * s^ 5§§|£i S; S CC O 2Z 3S -o c — o co '->- oc 5 c c 9 ] CO ^2 s rt CO CO ° £ s w 2 1-1 M ?i 1" s -* ^ - 1 rt K5 • Or-H a ^iO«t-N-* ^ CO CO 1-1 CM cs ■* fcfi" % -V ■* CO s 3 CO CO CN^ cog - _ 1-1 rt J ^ ^ c c - C i c c r | jo i E ' c 202 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. s 1 a o •I w a 0) O Pi CD 0) IS o ,£2 g 1 To- tal. 3 1 5° 1 CO y £11 a CO*" r-lfO * * " o =« o ce^o a; l ^ ! cs 1-1 slls CN 1 3 CT> CN II s o.gggg.ss.sg.g« l ^ i Si 50 "lh i oq • OOf ajh 1 IJijfiifiXl 8*1* CN • o^»< mo o IS 1 alii" 5 !!! 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CN S8 CN :| § - 8 OCN rtiO o-<*< • 4 - a coo PH : s NJO j, 00 '• ! 8 "- s H CO :« j iO • s CO -S ^ s - 1 : '-' CN CN e, ^^ cn.h ,-^cn cocn ph cn '°M ■ cS t^ t^ ^ i- Nicmco ph OJ -.* : co : » CN « * £ * R , '"° * * " 5 S S ^o, g S| w N 1 : CO CO ^o ■ *• : s J3 •CN - 1 o s °° ^2 : : "* P*.« PH o HN 2 ^8^ j ■ i co 38 : o • >* 03 ^r^ S3 ~ : : * •O CN |»C •* • CO CO • CO CNCO 3 r* ~ r : CD 1 i W c a » 1 1 p 1 • o : s |S ; o ^ a 1 : Ii ■ asl, iSSfi lat- : © ! : fl : - w «v - Nig 5 °'S i a * i-o-l : fl a ! o^ & : Ilf i 0.2, Nil ¥ pi o o u 1 is: * o °"< Sash MS ( r m Sf got r-3 ii :dfe : : g» p- ■ :9a : •o3 j i S3 s a | O O ;«; O s s ! p* « : j \ - i c a ipi • o 3 3 if. 3 O • ■M O Is! §|J £5^ 1 : _o , o '■ 8 : _ = 3 o &H 204 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 1 59 ft 9 o •I O ft G X) 1 o 1 s eN * H OC O) 5 p 38 -o 3oi ^tj d c »- p^ffl M :** co HHNHHN 5 at 1 Pl fl^ Odb i3^ OB raft Bob i g' fl,M "O oa ^ £ fJ .2 w° § |.gg HHOOOMN 3 £/3 ~ & g O g o Jj «>•§ M - "**" ril " OS CO ft ca ^ t, O -~ M ;CN CO •< S ^,S « 8 M -9 rH,H a «*o'ia£o-S - rH N COO.jH.OCOO SO *i oq pi £ t tic _r od>A is- £ >^5 o b s -* •CO * la m'S A "2 taio-A bJi £> t>io 6 oaS9|.93.9|.9-S CO co "'SSS^S OJ I M ^ H^iOO -CN 8 UtiiiiSMt4i CN IM t^^H CO CO CMiO 3 $f&i*$ii lO iO C0C0 05 .-IN CO 00 - 1 ^ *0 :°° 3 H-ft-2 °,§| §,5tS 7-1 ^ rH |rH CN -2 « ft &.2 ® *"' HrtHM ** PH -Co (M (M CSGCOrHCNO % bC>> pi §3 3.9 ^9 III"! p.s|s '""' *" HNN, * r "* 3 £ i | .g g 8 § 1-1 rH,H CO 6 £ SB 13 I 1 O M is w (5 fe H "t Q S ^ 8 PH 5 0J o 3 ~ S H o | 5 .s | o -4 — c 1 .1 ?| PI .2 IS -Sif .a n i- 3 O workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 205 OU- E *' IN CO CO 5 00 02 c •■2 ',1 T M ■"■ *■■ |H - 3 rH COO e 05 * ** ^ CO rH CM * - o CM S- CO CO ^ 55- 30 | N^rH l> - ,H a W £ c I | I ~'.E c C ! f Q "3 2 < Mi s: ca e .g c p < c e w o w W c s | 9 -a 7 p c 2 < G "5 « -r cr ^ 1 ^ e« T IN rH * rH lO CM CM co to M « rH r - 1 ^; ^ CM - CO rH rH CO CM "* 2 N0O rH CO IN IN CM CO « COOT rH rH CM 05 CO rHOC rH (N tO CO-H rHCM --I rH OS CM • CM t- 2 - 1 rH rH ■* rH'O rH T)< lO CMCM • rH CO rH - : rt 2 Hri S ^'° m CO U3 rHrH ; rH rH rH rH w £ w | w - Sh c c a 1 - O ' - c r - \ 1 IS r tor, ill — p C5 i P - c c fcT ■ | d ! * 2 ' ." ■ o - Si: h-1 206 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 2 s O ft g O .s o ft 05 O g £3 s s 5 8« L J, . HS ■o ^ - 1 i II o g "cm oa "* 2 . CM r " 1 «S " 1 Jh . l?li!!?sISi 5! N § CN 00 ft M fl fe S ^ fl* coo oa CN «S ■3 S g 2 « ca «h .a to •"* 1-1 CM CMCO CM - rHCNlO M 15 SP a co t>. &c af -2 O 05,2 3 > .a « flfed CM S lO 2 ^ WTJ < Tt b«4i m b M 6* |agg|.as.a|.al ^£S " " «o M CM ■* — 1 - HM CM ||^|lllli^l|^|l M "=> s CNOJ 00 «3 apl" 5 !!! - 1 Ci-I •* tN COCO C35 3-gaS w-§2 t- ^H s - 1 M ol s ^ftg^ °»6'C §>** ft® lO 00 8 "* « o i <« | -2 £ bo Wft-i°^aft^^ ^ ^ to - 1 M ^ 173 s g^ q o «3^, ft 05 CO 7 CO O S ^ 3 ft CC* eo CO ; b.aoc3 1-1 CMCO t- !m ^ co^h o 2 S3 rHi-HCO H o rt o 05 1 1 B a 1 1! p ^ fi'St fl 63 « O 1 : - o a I 5? ft g cl 33 ■a'as o ot 13 o EH H S H | w J. ► o O jo i 1 o 1 3 tJ I C 3 fe 1 o "o 3 4 O a o i a Si 1 o .-J workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 207 O OiC^ 1 a 1= © © og 1-1 S J £ CO OP< flora 'g' Q '" »o ^3 M _^ &$ £-8 03 § g g ^ : r 1 1 •a •- .5 ?> ™ n &c (_, h & o CM • (N 2 1 •"* £ : 2 CO 1 3 ea o S v i-'^'S 1-1 OSCN 2 £ a, o CO OS OS 3 ll I ©iy 3 >_q J 3 c is « > o£-o^ £ o g-g ,H cn a s £ OS 2 : a r o go||j CO • s r •"■ CN^H s r c3 §fa'|o||| CO S ss &> O i s CO ; CO cn iScW2B^£*i?.2©'»fo ^o rt« ! a Is 3 : s OS g£-|p "* 3 CM * ^ * 8 ,-H- o ~ - Ph C o d g c ~ ■J. ~ o 7 £ i c -! © ! 5 : o .' "a i 3 P o |S o " WORKMEN 's COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 209 ■£ ~ '-r ~- CNCN CN o rr r- s 00 rHO — SB" c 9 - * : r^ O OS M : ^ i" ^ t - CM COlO rH CO o »o So -a CO 3 "* jg 00 © * H O300 CN E2 rH - ^S" 1 --C MIMNH ■ eg cn cj CN o "« 3 CO M rt 00 rH coh; S3 CN a "^CN ^ c CN ; :^ r~ ^ 1-1 rH rHCO rt - CN CN rH HCDCtN H CN t-Oa o CO ^ 3 j{5 00 o ^ - 1 -'^ ■rH CN OS CN CO CO HHH - CN 0) ^3 '. 1-1 CNjO (N ir ,H ,H 2 • OS ?1 CD lO CO rH rH IOCS rH 3 rHOO rH H OOtjrH CN o CN CN CO ;o CN '•5 rt ^ IOWH -* *-S £ '-' : CO rHCO OS 8 Ncq HHN ** 2 - 1 CNCN m p 1 c 1 rg C c c I ^ JE — 111 aw* 1 toe p a d 03 1? ^ vi C IK Si if 5 ■ S S '5 o.f.f^ s Eh H M o H ,C « T p C ■' O - o o • o So ID ' Q o O o o I c : o ! is J -d i- ° %■ o o 1 f il c t; o Sa . gr* 2 go P S«5 .3 O if o t o M "S en ° a ^ ° ° Mr-) feOr-HH 1 rH r-l rH ,T3 M g d o o3o^' eo w " ,? yjagjjg!^jg|ggj «iHfil« as»6» »ej9 a s "8 J I j MS* HN^HHt * oo cs so es ih 2So S 3 O (H tH workmen's compensation undee ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 211 S3 « c |: r I ^ o» o s M "5 "3 o o CO ira CM oo ■/ o 1 ►<• t" - 1 OS o 3 <*,H lO o ,H O5>0 £ i t^ 1-HCO .o ~* * CO ■* 3 §> M -a eo *"< n" 5 CO CO HH CO <35 ~* o -Ifll o CO s s Jj 5 " 5 3S o fr._| HO as tN OIN 2 1 0<-H ■<*•«> 3 * US sss CN O *■* h CO (N 2 OS O o ■"■ CON r ' CO CO CO W-l to s M H IN g • p c _: 1 i a 1 j ij 1p 1 - , ;=: ill ■i I 1 1 o 8 • 1 P o £ .< Ij .s W P *■ 1 1 5 p i 1 < I c 5z ( 3 o Fh 1 C -0 P b '3 212 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. c3 O « O s ■.: O t^lM c ^7 C£ 1 t?- £ O g « ft® O P! rt ** §•§■§§ - 1 rt o ^o ^ ^ ^^ N ^ o K s o Ilgj |l|| ^ ^ llli eCi-H CO^H *"• 9 ills ^ *" ^ ^ CI ^H »o I nil rl^H ^^ ^ ^ * ^ N 10 1-* rt c WC3 3^ OTH 00 CO IN 1-1 1^ 1 """"' eo H ^ fl ^ OJ ^^ OS HOH» I O ©(N i-C*rH ■*ONH EQ "S OD C5r-< rH 1-1 co N »o i— 1 i— 1 Ofl "* OJ -|2 M w p o I-) Q El * P H > v; « c B« i § 1 O b, w e 5 '-5 o e | E c I c c 5 c i- c 1 | 5 i c 1 J B J! = i: C " c i 1 < ' o EH w t c c C ' o O -< W w 1 1 c 1 c c 1 c - ' "5 c o W W I i c z c < c c c 1 c E- c p 2 214 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. «3 h 1 1 ft a o o ■8 1 1 1 o o | "3 o H too «C SO $% -1 CO (M •*10 c r -* ^c^i o O S-, o Orrt W O O MO £-§£§ hSSh e© Pa© rt ^ - 1 ^ HfsiS 0< - 1 CO o §'§'00 r-,-. rt CO M ^ ^ eo ilii ^^ M CO ilii ^ rH rt ^ ^ CO ilii rH 1-1 N M ^^r-. "* Sags rH '-' o ^ rH ot^oo^* * * s iflON 00 6© CS §«* (NKJHHlOHH ■* t-H O tO Ss CO ^ ^C^^I to «o 3 NO " H CN NCClOrl 3 ^ ^^ os >> •f © I w H S E w | Eh J 1*! C W *£ « C W c B I c i i I I p c c I c c c a | P c t P % c 3 c -3 C s o o O * O p C3 j= c e «P C c 5 1 £ p p c 3 H 1 1 w « Eh w « .. "! 1 o C 1 1 o c o : ; 6 a - - 3 o ■S C c o o 3 c ll o I 1 a 1 o s 3 1 C < i o H WORKMEN 's COMPENSATION UNDER ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 215 eooo s 1 c cncc 3 « » '_- S 00 ce -^ ^ H ^ rt M oo 1 ^ ^ -] a | P H H w B 1 6 1 1 S £ 1 i - < ■ "3 H "c C 1 1 = t I c i C — * 5 o w w 4 c c i 't = z 1 -= 5 ' s o Q •< W W | o j: 1 = c 1 c c E | 1 "? e != C s o c 9 -C c E .5 c < 3 o O < p O W -J w 1 | E i c e .1 c : c E £ .1 o < o f. o o c O 216 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. a o | a o ■t3 cS 'g 1 | 8 o "o a 52! "3 o iOcO — i 2 § t^CO-tf g " X ' to CT>C<) 00 00 C ^1 ■* CM CT c^ | "■ ! -< -■ - 1 H O MO 51 is M rt "- 1 rt (N C £ O ~co CO CO 5 rt,H ^ CO rt ~ ,H CO g"3rg 6 -• : rt ^ : ** - 1 CO (N *-"-" H '"- llj| rtrH CM co^^oc^,^ ~ -' - -• COO H H NriM ffilOlOH £: ^ g tOOO^HO to >> o 8 OS 'C B

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^.^^ 2 OSl-H c rt CO * £^ 2 00 (N ro oo^ OS -S s * .-h 00 a -a-|s «a X HrtM CO 3 ~* ^ 1-1 ^ ** ■* ^ rtTt< >o - a * o j p ai a- g 2^ H w 5£ 1 s ! 1 I 8 £ C i i i c 5 o | c | | C z 1 z Z < 1 o w < j c c i r c "3 o a w C X a - c c i I c 1 c z s 1 c < ' w : o w • £ : < W * | c e ft 1 •a || c ^ a c c E- c 222 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. OCsr- 3JO"* 3S;s tNaQHOlNCOf 8§5 5 BU sM 5 8* -§8 ih a g j 1?M_ 1^8 5» « 1 5 28 ^S|s »-i iO OJ C>» •«* i-h C* >iH S^SS! 1 ^ Sill 5 S2^ HMOMONH -*f~lf5 |a| fl g o tctJ icScg 2S C Jg g+J 03^ pj+a W)M o o w c8 <3 o r <3<3 © © s,i •Sfj'slil&goSg ' e : 'Coo "fJ'C ooJooBS^oJj J oo3too5 fcjOOo'o ° £ S 5 S auoOiDBuOjundjisiSoOO ; 65 | Dallas ©•9 "3 workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 223 CS 5 W t*< Ol 00 oc l£C*IO<-H iO CO « cr O) r eg c OCXOf | - 1 - "* Ijco N ' 4 ^ * - 1 rt M ^ CO ~" H ^ eo ^ CO CO 2 cm 1 ' H '- CM « (M CO "5 00 '-' ^ -~ - -' - 1 W 1, -* ^ (N e^i SJ - 4 ,H ' H '" *"■ -' ^ ^ ^ w « - ^ * ""■' - 1 "< *"* N (M ^ -* ^ c^ ' H -i,h ^ * ^ ^ CM.-H rt * " .o o ^ HOJ s 05 t o Q | | w C g 1 g * a t 9 * o e ! Ob z -. z I I E - c 'E a - C < o EH s p EH X C a i ; C e ! a E z \ c i - < c - ! "5 E-i 03 H W g c a 4 P i c 2 ~- E ? c H C E .p i c 5 c E- O* W c c E ? 1 p c p c ■J i 1 _ 5 ' c E- M H < o w o 1 1 "} p p 'p 1 E _p i <• C P C « c c C 224 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. o 1 ft a o TJ ea A 1 o 1 o a o Eh 7 -* e* - -1 C E | ^ ft 1 ^ ^ N e<5 •<** «"* 00 ^ ^ 01 6£ 3s© -* rt M ^ " ^ ^ ^ s as - 1 rt d rhO rHIN O rH C0O5 8 r - « e o « * 58 | °* 3 S C*(N '/ ! rtrt^H "* * C^rHfH "* hh : M * : ^ 10 ^ : ^ '- ' H (M • C •"■ IN r-tC* eg 2 i-HIMH * (NHi-H * o ! o 1 ■"■ S3 fflH 3 hi> 00 S : a l O P c 2 1 £ H "P CO « c B" : B 1 p £ a B 1 8 < A c 1 j j C - P E c - r a : -_ 1 — ' 3 o w w < a . c P C o 3 "''a 5 o Q •< B S3 c t - c ( E - s s I o 5 "c3 o i ■ k : | s I 3 00 p> O -< ►j w o [ I t - '- \ c < i i ; o & 3 o P cS C 226 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. Hon S pi .0 | ft a nd _c3 1 1 a Eh CN 5 S 2 2 S * ' 8 r" 8 % CO-* CO 3 R ^ "* = -* 111 1.0 Sill - 1 ,h ^0 H ^ * t> s CN t^rH i >> I Is EH EH M w « c w E t « < | J c 1 c p r p c - : c .p 'p •f C p S- P : c - P c C c h- C P «P ' P c c

o ■a "' *- co s o p « . IB OS |« = S u a "7 H c 1 i s 1 8 £ C i c < 9 C E- | £ C d c 1 r 3 E c C C 'c '!_ E ■£ C 5 c c a -= , c = C a. c C "E O £ ft B o c : r=< — c c Eh W o W 5 o H "E E E — o E 5 ~E Eh c 228 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OP COMMERCE AND LABOR. H o ills p-aS noonHccNOOTj :S£ 3 a§Sol§s1 r~ ^ w :3gg«S& 3"sSSS§ oo cs oj os t— to; oo3nOo5^oooo°23£g o o o oils OOOtnt-+ J OfcH-i^O-^ workmen's compensation under ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 229 eo 1© as o r-i ■* So>£ 8 ' ©£-CN ~- 00 cn" ^ HH - 1 Tf. N»-tTH "* CM o ^£ 2 CM ' H H CO OSCOCS3 8 «H OS WHH 00 * - J5 s rH rt U3HOO o 00 rH |H CN 3 MH 2 *5 "S? CO I "* ■* OS »OCO 00 CO t» 3 HO© CO CO 1-1 cn 8 hOOh o 1 eo M ^CO^-CO - CO 2^ 2 HHH, £ lO IC 1 s o IH a s « £s IS I I" | Q t 5 >c « e o c i C W % p « Eh £ c | — £ '- 3 "' c i c 5 ' c P W ( c c c _ = C 5 c E- o •< H W ,£ c c 1 p c 1 c c s 1 ? rC c < ' c w w < p o H Ih | "3 c E 5 E c i a c "r C = r 6 APPENDIX. REGULATIONS CONCERNING THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES, OFFICIAL SUPERIORS, AND MEDICAL OFFICERS. The text of the regulations now in use (issued Apr. 15, 1912) is as follows: DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES. 1. Reports of injuries. — Whenever any injury is sustained by an employee in the course of his employment, he shall immediately report the same to his official superior, if he is able to do so, giving also a statement of the facts and the names of witnesses, if any. 2. First-aid treatment. — No matter how slight the injury sustained, the injured employee shall immediately apply to the dispensary or medical officer, if there be one, for examination and for first-aid treatment, and it shall be the duty of his official superior to direct him to do so. 3. Reports of disability . — In case the disability arises some time after the injury has been received, it shall be the duty of the injured employee to notify his official superior within 48 hours from the beginning of such disability. 4. Treatment. — It shall be the duty of each injured employee intending to take advantage of the provision of the act to obtain necessary medical and surgical treat- ment and to comply with all reasonable orders for treatment and conduct which the attending physician may give. He shall also submit to such medical examinations as his official superior may from time to time direct. 5. Notices of continuing disability. — Every employee injured in the course of employ- ment who is unable to return to work because of such injury, shall, within 24 hours, inform his official superior of such fact, either in person or by mail, telephone, or messenger. Such notice shall be given by the injured employee or for him every week, unless, in the opinion of the official superior, the permanent nature of the injury makes this notice unnecessary. Such notice should state when the injured employee was last seen by his attending physician. 6. Examinations. — For the purpose of the medical examinations prescribed by the act, the injured employee shall appear at the dispensary of the establishment whenever directed to do so; but if he claims to be unable to present himself for such examination the medical officer or other officially designated physician may call at the residence of the injured employee in order to make an examination. The injured employee shall be entitled to have his attending physician present during such examination. 7. Disagreements. — If the injured employee refuses to accept the opinion of the official examining physician as to his ability to resume work, either because of a dif- ferent opinion held by his private physician or for any other reason, the employee shall immediately so report to his official superior, who will in turn report the same to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. - 8. Examinations by order of the Department of Commerce and Labor. — On receipt of reports concerning disagreement between the claimant or his physician and the official examining physician, the Secretary of Commerce and Labor will immediately order an examination of the claimant by a physician designated by him, so as to ascertain 231 232 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. the claimant's physical condition; and if the employee refuses to submit to or obstructs such examination the right to compensation shall be lost for the period covered by the continuance of such refusal or obstruction. 9. Claims. — The claim, properly filled out, must be presented by the injured employee to his official superior, who shall forward the same, with the statements of witnesses, if there were witnesses, through the regular official channels for transmission to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 10. Certificates. — In cases of continuing disability the injured employee shall furnish such medical certificates from time to time as the official superior may require. 11. Disregard of instructions . — Where an injured employee shall fail to make any of the reports prescribed in these regulations, or refuses to submit himself to examination by the medical officer or other officially designated physician, when ordered by his official superior to do so, such refusal or failure will be considered by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor as presumptive evidence against his right to compensation under the law. DUTIES OF OFFICIAL SUPERIORS. 12. Record of accident. — Whenever an accident causing injury to an employee comes to the knowledge of the person in charge of such employee he should immediately secure a record of the cause and nature of the accident and the nature and extent of the injury, however slight. The names and testimony of witnesses should also be secured and the employee directed to apply to the dispensary or medical officer, if there be one, for examination and first-aid treatment. 13. Reports of injuries. — All injuries which prevent the employee from performing work for one day or longer should be reported to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor by the official superior of such employee, on the form provided for that purpose, within 48 hours after such injuries have been brought to the notice of such official superior. The reports called for in paragraphs numbered 1, 3, 13, 14, and 16 should be made for all employees regardless of the application of the provisions governing compensation. 14. Report of termination of disability. — Whenever a person who has been reported disabled by an accident is able to return to work his official superior should immediately report the termination of such disability to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor on the proper form . 15. Disagreements. — The official superior should make immediate report directly to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor of all cases of disagreement between the injured employee and the official examining physician as to the ability of the employee to resume work. 16. Report of death. — Whenever an injury received in the course of employment results in death, either immediately or within one year thereafter, such death should be reported on the proper form as soon as possible after the knowledge of such death reaches the official superior of the deceased employee. 17. Blanks to be furnished. — Whenever the official superior of an injured employee has reason to believe from the statement of the medical officer or other officially desig- nated physician, or from any other evidence, that disability has lasted more than 15 days, he should furnish such employee with a blank form for claim and call his atten- tion to the provisions of the compensation act. Blank forms should be furnished upon request to any employee wishing to make a claim. 18. Indorsement of claims.- — The official superior or other person designated should either fill out and sign the certificate of approval provided for that purpose, or indicate the reasons for his refusal to give his approval. In either case, statements of witnesses, if any, and copies of the records of the examination of the claimant by the medical officer or officially designated physician, if such examinations have been made, should be attached to the claim, and the entire record submitted to the Secretary of Com- merce and Labor, to whom the determination of the validity of all claims is committed by the act wokkmen's compensation undee ACT OF MAY 30, 1908. 233 19. Claims to be forwarded. — All claims for compensation when filled out and pre- sented by injured employees to their official superiors should be forwarded by them through the regular official channels for transmission to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. No letter of transmittal is necessary. All information desired should be made part of the indorsement on such claims. 20. Approval or disapproval. — Notice of the approval or disapproval of claims will be forwarded from the office of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor to the heads of the respective departments, or independent office, for transmittal to the official supe- rior of the employee. 21. Payments. — Payments under this law should be made at the regular intervals at which salaries are paid to all employees, except payments accrued before the receipt of the approved claim, which should be made as soon after the receipt of the approval as possible so as to avoid unnecessary hardship to the employee. If subsistence is fur- nished during employment but not during the period of disability, the value of the subsistence should be allowed to the injured workman during disability in addition to the wages usually paid in cash. When compensation is approved for a fixed period, payments may be made on the authority of such approval without further evidence. When compensation is approved for an indefinite period, each payment shall be based upon the certificate signed by the claimant and approved by the claimant's official superior to the effect that during the time covered by the said payment the claimant was unable to resume work and that inability to so resume work was the re- sult of the injury for which compensation was granted. In no case shall annual leave be charged against any portion of the period for which compensation is due. 22. Certificates. — If the claimant's superior officer is unable to satisfy himself that the claimant was unable to resume work for any period for which compensation is claimed, he may require that the claimant submit to him a certificate from a duly authorized medical practitioner showing the continuance of the inability to resume work. 23. Special examinations. — If this medical certificate is satisfactory to the official superior, he should then approve payment; but if the certificate does not satisfy him he may require the medical officer or officially designated physician, where such is available, to examine the claimant for the purpose of ascertaining whether the dis- ability still exists. 24. Payments withheld. — In all cases where the continuance of disability has not been proved to the satisfaction of the superior officer, or where the results of the examina- tion of the claimant by the medical officer or officially designated physician are con- tradictory to the statements of the attending physician, payments should be withheld and a report of these facts should be immediately forwarded directly to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. A detailed report of the examination of the claimant by the medical officer or officially designated physician, if any has been made, should accom- pany this report, together with the statement of the employee and a certificate of his attending physician. 25. Examination by physician of Department of Commerce and Labor. — On receipt of reports concerning disagreement between the claimant or his physician and the official superior, the Secretary of Commerce and Labor will immediately order an ex- amination of the claimant by a physician designated by him, so as to ascertain the claimant's ability to return to work. 26. Decision. — The decision of the department will then be communicated to the official superior. If the claim of the injured person be sustained, the amount due him should be paid as soon as possible after the receipt of the decision. 27. Discontinuance of payments. — When payments are discontinued because of re- covery or other reason, such fact should be reported to the Department of Commerce and Labor on the blanks furnished for that purpose. 234 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 28. Examination at end of six months. — Whenever compensation has been paid for any case of disability for five months and there is a possibility of the disability lasting so as to extend over six months, the official superior of the injured employee should report the fact to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, so as to enable him to order as soon as possible a medical examination. 29. Death. — Whenever a person in the employ of the Government shall die as the result of injury received in the course of his employment, and his wife, his children under 16 years of age, or his parents desire to claim payment under this act, they should be furnished with blank forms of claim for compensation. If the official superior has reason to believe that the person so injured is covered by the provisions of the law he should inform the dependent relatives, if the names and addresses of such relatives can be ascertained by him, of the necessary pi^cedure under the law and the provision as to the 90-day limit. If the persons who may be entitled to compensation on account of the death of an employee are located in a foreign country, they may file their affidavits of claim, re- spectively, with the consular officer of the United States located most conveniently, and any affidavit so filed within 90 days after the death will be considered as having been duly filed with the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, as required by section 4 of the compensation act. 30. Death benefits. — Claims for compensation on account of death should be forwarded to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. If the claim be established and compensa- tion is due to more than one person the Secretary of Commerce and Labor will desig- nate the portion to be paid to each claimant. 31. Employees to have laws and regulations. — Copies of the law and the regulations should be on hand in each establishment and, upon request, furnished free to all em- ployees for their information and guidance. A summary prepared by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, presenting the prin- cipal provisions of the compensation act and the regulations governing its application, should be posted in establishments affected by the act, in such numbers and places as to be easily accessible to all the workmen. DUT&S OP MEDICAL OFFICERS. 32. First-aid treatment. — The medical officer of each establishment or his assistant, where such services are available, should render such immediate aid as is necessary to each employee of the establishment injured while on duty, and make a report to the head of the establishment of the exact extent of the injury and the nature of the treat- ment administered, and a detailed record of the same should be kept on file in his office. 33. Subsequent examinations. — The medical officer or officially designated physician should examine the injured employee as frequently as is necessary in his opinion or in the opinion of the head of the establishment during the absence of such employee from his work. 34. Records. — A record of each examination by the medical officer or officially desig- nated physician should be made in detail and contain an accurate description of the general condition of the employee, the state of the injuries, and an opinion as to whether the disability still continues. Such record should be kept on file in the office of the medical officer or officially designated physician, and reports of the findings should be made to the head of the establishment. 35. Treatment. — The medical officer or officially designated physician should ascer- tain whether the injured employee is under treatment of a duly licensed practitioner of medicine, and if he finds this not to be the case he should inform the injured em- ployee of the necessity of medical attendance whenever such necessity exists. 36. Opinion as to termination of disability. — The medical officer or officially desig- nated physician making any examination should inform the injured employee of his opinion concerning the continuance or termination of disability. o