SS.io^-.^u^h \c c % X MARINE ECOSYSTEMS ANALYSIS PROGRAM ^rEs °* *• S the New York Bight Project - 1975; Stony Brook, Long Island, New York noaa NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION / Environmental Research Laboratories NOAA Special Report ■dOWMOS^. The New York Bight Project - 1975 Stony Brook, Long Island New York r/ W£MT Of Boulder, Colorado March, 1976 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Elliot Richardson, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Robert M. White, Administrator Environmental Research Laboratories Wilmot Hess, Director '-^6-1*1* CONTENTS Page I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. The Marine EcoSystems Analysis (MESA) Program 1 B. The MESA New York Bight Project 2 C. Project Background 3 II. PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION 3 A. Program Office, Project Office, Operations Base, and Research Vessels 3 B. Guiding Documents 4 III. INTERAGENCY RELATIONSHIPS AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 5 A. Contributing NOAA Activities and Other Project Participants 5 B. Interagency Relationships 5 C. MESA Advisory Committee 5 IV. SUMMARY OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AND RESULTS 8 V. PUBLICATIONS AND INFORMATION EXCHANGE 11 A. The MESA Atlas of the New York Bight 11 B. Other Publications 11 C. Public Hearings 12 D. MESA-Sponsored Workshops 12 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MESA-SPONSORED PUBLICATIONS AS OF OCTOBER 1975 13 APPENDIX A. MESA NEW YORK BIGHT PROJECT RESEARCH CONTRACTS AND GRANTS 16 APPENDIX B. PARTIAL LISTING OF MARINE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE NEW YOUR BIGHT REGION WHICH ARE NOT SUPPORTED BY MESA 19 APPENDIX C. ORGANIZATIONAL REPRESENTATIVES TO THE NEW YORK BIGHT MESA ADVISORY COMMITTEE AND SUPPORTING PANELS 25 Figures and Tables Figure 1 . The New York Bight 2 Figure 2. MESA New York Bight Project Organization 4 Table 1 . Contributing NOAA Activities and Their Roles in the New York Bight Project 7 i i i The New York Bight Project Stony Brook, Long Island New York 1975 i. INTRODUCTION A. The Marine EcoSystems Analysis (MESA) Program From the earliest days of the Republic, America's economic and social developments have been closely linked to the coasts for transportation, fisheries, indus- try, and, more recently, for recreation and energy re- sources. Until lately, the impact of such activities on marine life has been little understood and largely ig- nored. However, it has become apparent that a limit exists as to the stress that can be placed upon the ecological balance in the coastal environment. The concepts of MESA originated in 1 971 shortly after the formation of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in 1970 brought together a number of organizations with responsibilities and exper- tise in research related to the coastal zone and adjacent waters. These organizations are: National Weather Service (NWS), National Ocean Survey (NOS), Na- tional Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Environmental Research Laboratories (ERL), National Environmental Satellite Service (NESS), and Environmental Data Ser- vice (EDS). These NOAA components have numerous programs that deal with specific problems related to estuarine and coastal environments. None, however, is concerned with comprehensively describing processes and eventually predicting responses of the coastal envi- ronment as a dynamic system in order to address the broad spectrum of marine coastal problems. The function of MESA is to integrate the existing NOAA capabilities in estuarine and coastal research into a conesive effort in selected geographic areas. This involves some redirection of existing NOAA pro- grams and the establishment of new programs using MESA resources. In addition, MESA issues grants and contracts for work to supplement the in-house NOAA capabilities and to provide a mechanism by which new concepts, expertise, and research can be introduced into MESA. MESA serves as a focus for cooperative efforts with other Federal, State, and local agencies, universities, industry, ecological and environmental groups, and others to help resolve specific coastal problems. The objective of the MESA program is to identify and meas- ure the impact of man on the marine environment. This requires that we: 1 . Describe, understand, and monitor physical, geo- logical, chemical, and biological processes of marine environmental systems in territorial, boundary, and international waters around the United States; 2. Analyze impacts of natural phenomena or man- made alterations on marine environments; and 3. Provide information and specialized support for the effective management of marine areas and for the rational use of their resources. MESA is currently conducting three regional projects. They are independently managed by the project offices, and coordinated by a program office within ERL. Each project was selected on the basis of critical research needs for understanding man's impact on the marine environment and for aiding coastal zone management. 1 41< 40° 39° Figure 1. The New York Bight. The first MESA project was initiated in the New York Bight because of the extremely heavy impact of man's activities, particularly ocean dumping, in this vital area. The other two MESA projects are the Deep Ocean Mining Environmental Study (DOMES) and the MESA Puget Sound project, and are both based in Seattle, Wash. The purpose of the DOMES project is to identify potential environmental problems resulting from deep ocean mining of nodules containing manganese, cop- per, nickel, and cobalt. Information gathered also will be used to develop guidelines for the design of industrial mining equipment and operational techniques. DOMES research is being conducted in an area of commercial mining interest southeast of Hawaii. MESA Puget Sound studies include the evaluation of the effects of municipal and industrial waste discharges into southern Puget Sound and of increased oil transportation and refining activity on northern Puget Sound. B. The MESA New York Bight Project The New York Bight is adjacent to one of the most populated and industrialized regions in the world. The bight and its related shore have served many purposes; for example, a playground, dump, sewer, transportation route, fishery area, and mineral source. Recent recon- naissance assessments have raised the possibility that this marine region has, in many respects, been strained beyond the capacity of the ecosystem to revitalize itself under its present loading conditions (National Marine Fisheries Service, 1 972). MESA New York Bight Project research is designed to assess the present condition of the bight ecosystem and its capacity to withstand further degradation. The project has two main objectives: Objective No. 1 . To determine the fate and effects of pollutants on the New York Bight ecosystem, with particular em- phasis on ocean dumping; and Objective No. 2. To identify and describe the impor- tant subsystems, processes, and driving forces operating in the New York Bight as a whole and to define their interrelationships and rates of change. The New York Bight includes 15,000 square miles of ocean south of Long Island and east of New Jersey (see fig. 1). Research on adjacent bay and estuary systems by other organizations and institutions is being coordi- nated with project activities. The MESA New York Bight Project, scheduled for completion in 1 980, is an integrated study of the physi- cal, chemical, geological, and biological characteristics of the marine environment. The project provides agen- cies, policy makers, planners, and the public with infor- mation and criteria to use in making decisions. C. Project Background The initial concepts of MESA had been documented in a technical plan, which was formulated through the efforts of a NOAA-wide committee. This plan served as a working document for review by the National Academy of Sciences, Committee Advisory to NOAA (CANOAA), in March 1972. Incorporating suggestions from CANOAA, NOAA proceeded to contract with Westing- house Electric Corporation (1972) for the preparation of an initial Project Development Plan. The plan, while still in preparation, was reviewed by CANOAA in July 1972. The final document was again reviewed by mem- bers of CANOAA before submission to the Office of Management and Budget in autumn 1 972. In January 1973, the MESA New York Bight Project received initial funding and began hiring staff members. Headquarters management was transferred from the Associate Administrator for Marine Resources to the Office of Coastal Environment in March 1973. Field operations began in May 1973; in August 1973, the Project Office at Stony Brook, N. Y., and the Operations Base at Floyd Bennett Field (Brooklyn, N. Y.) were established. Overall management of the MESA Prog- ram was transferred in April 1974 to ERL, headquar- tered in Boulder, Colo. II. PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION A. Program Office, Project Office, Operations Base, and Research Vessels Overall responsibility for the MESA Program resides with the MESA Program Office within NOAA's Environ- mental Research Laboratories. The Program Office is responsible for the management of all MESA projects, and for providing administrative, support, and advisory services to the projects as required. The New York Bight Project is managed through a Project Manager and his Project Staff assigned to Stony Brook. The Project Manager is responsible for overall scientific and techni- cal guidance in the area of experimental design, data management, and data analysis. He also directs project implementation, oversees day-to-day management op- erations, and maintains appropriate control over techni- cal quality, scheduling, and financial aspects of the pro- ject. The Project Staff administers the scientific program and provides centralized operational support for the scientific research conducted largely by other NOAA components, universities, and contractors under negotiated agreements with the Project Manager. Spec- ifically, the responsibilities of the Project Staff include the: 1 . Provision of broad scientific and technical direc- 2. 5. 6. tion in the area of experiment design, data analy- sis, and data management; Accomplishment of technical integration and monitoring of scientific progress; Maintenance of a user-directed issue orientation within the basic plan; Elicitation and maintenance of participation by the many organizations associated with the bight; Management of fiscal resources of the project; and Elicitation of adequate feedback from specific users and beneficiaries of the project results. Under an Operations Officer who reports directly to the Project Manager, the Project Operations Base at Floyd Bennett Field in Brooklyn provides facilities for: ship berthing and staging; equipment storage; calibra- tion, maintenance, and repair of instrumentation and hardware; laboratory analyses of physical, chemical, and geological samples; and accommodations for visiting scientists. Responsibilities of the Operations Officer and his Operations Support Staff encompass logistics support, overall accountability for the project's navigational equipment (including shipboard instru- mentation and land-based transmitting towers), sched- uling of ship operations, and conduct and coordination of the multifaceted scientific operations aboard NOAA and contract research vessels. Mesa New York Bight Project Manager Project Scientific Staff Project Operations Support Staff Project Administration Staff Biological Studies Operation Officer Administrative Officer Chemical Studies Operations Support Staff Data Manager Geological Studies Operations Engineer (Electronics) 1 nter -Governmental Relations Physical Studies Figure 2. MESA New York Bight Project Organization. The organizational structure for the MESA New York Bight Project is summarized in figure 2. The project is supported by NOAA vessels assigned to operate in the bight. NOAA ship Ferrel was assigned to the project from August through December 1 973 and from April through December 1 974. NOAA ship George B. Kelez joined the project in late winter 1 975, providing year-round support. Other NOAA vessels participating at various times in the New York Bight operation include the Peirce, Researcher, Albatross IV, Delaware II, Oregon II, and Rorqual. B. Guiding Documents Project Development Plan. The Project Develop- ment Plan (PDP) presents an overall view of the project and serves as a general guide for addressing the complex, pressing environmental issues affecting the bight. The PDP encompasses the project's origin, rationale for existence, objectives, scientific and tech- nical program, management structure, milestones, and budget projection. The PDP also gives a brief descrip- tion of the New York Bight and known or anticipated human impacts; also included is a description of the general approach MESA is using for each of its major objectives and a management plan which details the structure of MESA-related organizations. Also dis- cussed in the PDP are advisory bodies and other groups acting as participants within the MESA New York Bight Project. The PDP is not intended to describe in depth the technical details of the project, which are found in the MESA New York Bight Technical Plan. Technical Plan. Annual Technical Plans (TP) further define for each fiscal year the coordinated activities of the project and focus on assessment of man's impact on the New York Bight, dhe TP establishes general research areas for proposed efforts by various NOAA components, other agencies, institutions, and universi- ties. The technical program for the MESA New York Bight Project for Fiscal Year 1974 was guided by several letters, memoranda, and agreements between the Project Office and the participating organizations and individuals. The Fiscal Year 1975 Technical Plan identified specific areas of research and methods of response in biological, chemical, geological, and physical oceanography. Data Management Plan. The Data Management Plan outlines policy and procedure for availability of MESA Project data, provides guidelines and procedures for data management, and identifies the specific roles of NOAA and other organizations and individuals in data management. In general, MESA principal investigators are respon- sible for providing appropriate NOAA Data Coordinators with forms which describe what data were collected, when, where, and by whom within 30 days after collec- tion. Principal investigators generally are not responsi- ble for making data available to other investigators. The Environmental Data Service (EDS) is responsi- ble for archiving MESA Project data, for providing sum- maries that indicate how much data of specified types are available for particular areas and times, and for insuring efficient data retrieval. Typically, requests for MESA project data are handled by the EDS/MESA Data Coordinator, National Oceanographic Data Center, Page Building 1, Washington, D.C. 20235. The MESA Project Data Manager is responsible for developing, in close collaboration with EDS and other NOAA components, the combined man/computer sys- tems necessary to insure both integrity of data and their orderly flow. He is also responsible for overseeing effi- cient and responsive operation of all data management operations. A. Contributing NOAA Activities and Other Project Participants Being an interdisciplinary oceanographic study, the MESA New York Bight Project has brought together an experienced group of scientists from NOAA and from universities, private organizations, and other agencies working under contract to NOAA. Those elements of NOAA directly involved with scientific and technical ef- forts in, and related to, the bight are shown in table 1 . Several NOAA laboratories associated with the pro- ject have lead responsibilities for conducting MESA re- search activities in the New York Bight. To expand their capacity to meet project objectives, contracts and grants are awarded to, and cooperative efforts are un- dertaken with, groups having special interests, capabilities, and experience relating to the New York Bight. Appendix A lists contracts and grants let to institu- tions with which the project has been involved, and Appendix B lists bight-related research contracts and grants of general interest to, but not supported by, the project. B. interagency Relationships The MESA New York Bight Project Staff has main- tained informed contacts with members of Federal, State, and local governmental agencies responsible for research, planning, and management in the New York Bight region. Formal interagency coordination is achieved through the MESA New York Bight Advisory i Committee and related Advisory Panels. Contacts were maintained with representatives of Region II, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and its Edison, N.J., Water Quality Laboratory regarding research on, and management of, ocean dumping activities. Efforts were directed toward informing agencies of MESA Project activities and MESA-related activities of other institu- tions and toward coordinating research efforts. In addition, MESA personnel have had numerous meetings with representatives of universities, corpora- tions, environmental groups, professional societies, re- search institutions, and the New York City Chamber of Commerce. The most frequent contacts have been made to review progress of MESA research and to exchange ideas for potential research support. Discus- sions with potential users of MESA Project data and information were also frequent. In order to assist in successfully meeting the objec- tives and responsibilities of the New York Bight Project, a New York Bight MESA Advisory Committee with three Advisory Panels has been established. Members of two of the panels are from Federal, State, and local agen- cies and from the academic community. The third panel, composed of representatives of citizen's groups and industry, provides an interface with a broad spectrum of the population. The purpose of the Advisory Committee and its three Advisory Panels is to provide MESA with broadly based guidance on its technical program and users needs. The project relies upon its Advisory Committee to assist in planning and reviewing operations and in disseminating and utilizing information. In order to advise on the con- duct, content, and coordination of the MESA Project, the Advisory Committee collects, analyzes, and synth- esizes information on the needs and uses for marine ecosystems information on the New York Bight and on the concerns and views of citizens and industrial organi- zations regarding the bight. In performing these func- tions, the Advisory Committee may receive testimony from individuals and organizations outside its support- ing panels. Information User Advisory Panel. This panel pro- vides the Advisory Committee advice on the needs and uses for marine ecosystems information by Federal, State, and local organizations responsible for making decisions, establishing policies, or enforcing regulations on matters that affect the New York Bight marine ecosystem. The Panel also reviews the relevancy of New York Bight Project studies and operations to such needs and uses. Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel. This panel give the Advisory Committee advice on interrela- tionships between fields of research and investigation, on coordination and merit of scientific and technical efforts; and on common data, information, and opera- tional requirements of such efforts. Citizen and Industrial Advisory Panel. This panel offers the Advisory Committee advice on key concerns of citizens and organizations involving conservation, protection, and uses of the New York Bight and on key concerns of those businesses that depend on the bight for their business endeavors. The ultimate beneficiary of the project is the individual citizen; this panel provides a primary mechanism by which he can directly express his concerns. Membership on the Advisory Committee and Advis- ory Panels is held by organizations outside of NOAA. The committee and each panel may have no more than 1 5 member organizations; as many as four members of each panel may also serve on the committee. The Ad- visory Committee now has seven members; the Infor- mation User Advisory Panel nine, the Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel eight, and the Citizen and Industrial Advisory Panel ten members. The existing member organizations are listed in Appendix C. The first meeting of the MESA Advisory Committee and Advisory Panels was held at Stony Brook on July 16, 1974. Transcripts of meetings are available for re- view at the MESA Project Office, the National Weather Service Office (Mineola, N.Y.), and the National Marine Fisheries Service Sandy Hook Laboratory (Highlands, N.J.). Copies of shorter summaries of the meeting are available upon request from the MESA Project Office. Each of the panels met a second time on February 1 1 , 1975. Much of each meeting was devoted to reviewing MESA efforts with respect to ocean dumping by some of its principal investigators. The latter portion of each meeting focused on future research directions of the project and finalized recommendations for the Advisory Committee. The Committee met on March 11,1 975. The morning session centered on two presentations by MESA princi- pal investigators; "The Biological Implications of Ocean Dumping," and "The Chemical Implications of Ocean Dumping." The afternoon session resulted in the Advis- ory Committee voting on 32 Panel recommendations. During this March meeting, the Advisory Committee approved the following recommendations: 1 . MESA's original Objective No. 1 1 should be re- written to delete the phrase ". . . with par- ticular emphasis on ocean dumping". 2. MESA's original Objective No. 3 2 should em- phasize rates of change. 3. All comments on MESA's original Objective No. 2 3 , be tabled. 4. Research that relates to pathogenic human vir- uses in shellfish, in the water column, and in the sediment should be done in collaboration with other agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and Environmental Pro- tection Agency. 5. Research should be undertaken on short-term ecosystem responses to contaminants and on the effects of contaminants (including organic compounds and metals) upon specific marine organisms. 6. Research using cutin and optical whiteners should be explored as sewage indicators. 7. MESA should develop a monitoring rationale for the New York Bight ecosystem, and this should be thought of as a national model for such monitoring. 8. The project should continue studying the influ- ence of Hudson Estuary nutrients and conta- minants on primary productivity. 9. A study relating productivity to bottom-living invertebrates should be tabled until the pro- ject has a better definition of the studies to be accomplished and the specific parameters to be measured. 10. The study relating the meteorological proces- ses driving storm-generated circulation and transport was approved, and it was recom- mended that the study should be coordinated with similar interest groups. 1 1 . The project should study the dynamic nature of the Hudson Shelf Valley as part of a regional study. This too should be coordinated with other groups. 1 0bjective No. 1. Determine the fate and effect of pollutants on the New York Bight ecosystem, with particular emphasis on ocean dumping. 2 Objective No. 3. Identify and describe the important subsystems, processes, and driving forces operat- ing in the New York Bight as a whole and define their interrelationships and rates of change. 3 Objective No. 2. Quantify the environmental factors involved in the location, design, construction, and operation of major offshore facilities. ACTIVITY ROLE HEADQUARTERS Office of Coastal Environment Office of Marine Resources Office of Sea Grant New York State Sea Grant Program MAJOR LINE COMPONENTS National Ocean Survey Office of Marine Surveys and Maps Oceanographic Division Coast Mapping Division Office of Marine Technology Engineering Development Laboratory National Oceanographic Instrumentation Center Office of Fleet Operations Atlantic Marine Center National Weather Service Eastern Region National Environmental Satellite Service Spacecraft Oceanography Project Environmental Data Service National Oceanographic Data Center National Climatic Center National Geophysical and Solar Terrestrial Data Center Environmental Science Information Center Center for Experiment Design and Data Analysis Environmental Research Laboratories Office of Programs MESA Program Office Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories National Marine Fisheries Services Middle Atlantic Coastal Fisheries Center Sandy Hook Laboratory Milford Laboratory Oxford Laboratory Northeast Fisheries Center Responsible for MESA Program Beginning March 1973 Policy guidance MESA New York Bight Atlas and research collaboration Major role in physical oceanography and remote sensing Lead responsibility for bathymetric mapping and nautical charting Instrumentation design, testing, and evaluation; engineering support Instrument calibration Vessel support Operation assistance Forecasts for field operations; marine meteorological data acquisition and analysis Remote sensing studies Oceanographic data products and services including archiving and retrieval Meteorological data products and services including archiving and retrieval Geological and geophysical data products and services including archiving and retrieval Information products and services including archiving and retrieval Consultant in experimental design and data analysis Responsible for MESA Program beginning April 1974 Responsible for MESA Program beginning October 1 974 Lead responsibility for geological and physical ocean- ography; major role in geochemical oceanography Lead responsibilities for biological oceanography; major role in chemical oceanography Table 1 . Contributing NOAA Activities and Their Roles in the New York Bight Project 12. The project should accept a more aggressive role in coordination of efforts by all agencies, Federal and otherwise, that are involved in producing data concerned with the New York Bight. 13. Chairpersons of the Advisory Panels should be nonvoting members of the MESA Advisory Committee. 1 4. Responses to all recommendations of all panels should be sent to all members by the MESA Project Office at least 1 week before the next panel meeting. 15. Bacteriology studies by MESA should be ac- complished by professional laboratory per- sonnel using American Public Health Associ- ation standard procedures where applicable. 1 6. MESA should strive to characterize surface cur- rents, refined to 1 -minute blocks, for all sea- sons of the year. (This information is re- quested by the U.S. Coast Guard for use in search and rescue operations and in predict- ing oil spill movement.) 17. Inventory information should be developed on existing resources in the bight area (e.g., fisheries, shellfishes, water, sand and gravel, etc.), and how these resources are distributed spatially and temporally. 18. MESA should make every effort to provide data and reports to user agencies as soon as pos- sible. IV. SUMMARY OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AND RESULTS The bight (see fig. 1) is an estuarine and coastal region of about 15,000 sq nmi (50,000 sq km), extending seaward from the shores of New Jersey and Long Island for 80 to 100 nmi (150 to 185 km) to the edge of the Continental Shelf. Large amounts of pollutants are introduced into the bight from municipal, domestic, and industrial wastes, ocean dumping, urban runoff, and atmospheric fallout. MESA oceanographic studies within the New York Bight are providing an understanding of the important physical, geological, chemical, and biological processes within the bight and their effects on the fate of pollutant inputs. Physical Oceanographic Program. This program depends upon studies by ERL's Atlantic Oceanog- raphic and Meteorological Laboratories (AOML) and the National Ocean Survey (NOS) on: 1 . circulation and transport, 2. water mass distribution and modification, 3. waves and tides, and 4. weather and air/sea interactions within the New York Bight. Data from drifter and current meter studies within the bight have permitted a preliminary description of current patterns. An important result of these studies, related to mixing of waters within the bight, is that a clockwise gyre appears to dominate inner bight circulation during much of the year. Because circulation data indicate that flow over the Outer Continental Shelf is generally toward the southwest and because flow along the southeast edge of the inner bight gyre is also to the southwest, it is not yet clear how far seaward the gyre circulation extends. Water column characterization studies, conducted in conjunction with the circulation studies, have resulted in a further understanding of the general characteristics and seasonal fluctuations of bight waters. Two permanent and several short-term coastal tide stations have been installed to augment the National Tide Network for the bight area. Short-term bottom pressure measurements were also obtained on the shelf during spring of 1974 and 1975. These pressure data have provided information on tides and on water movements associated with tides on the Continental Shelf, on long-period waves, and on wind setup. Geological Oceanography. AOML scientists have performed geological investigations in the New York Bight involving inventories of the general characteristics of the substrate; they are now studying the dynamics of sedimentation. Bathymetric maps (compiled from a MESA-contract- ed Corps of Engineers hydrographic survey in 1973) have been prepared for the inner bight. A comparison of these maps with those from the last bathymetric survey of the area in 1 936 have permitted an assessment of sediment accumulation rates over the inner bight, in general, and at dump sites, in particular. An experiment to measure the transport of sand within the bight monitored the movement of sand tagged with ruthenium in waters approximately 60 ft (1 8 m) deep. Results of the study support the hypothesis that limited transport of sand occurs during most of the year, but that significant sand transport occurs during severe storms. An extensive series of observations during September to November 1974, on concentra- tions of suspended particulate matter in the inner bight, has been summarized and interpreted in report form. Chemical Oceanography. This program involves studies conducted at AOML, Middle Atlantic Coastal Fisheries Center (MACFC), and various colleges and universities. It determines the extent and dynamics of chemical contamination within bight sediments, waters, and biota. Manhattan College, through a MESA grant, has esti- mated the sources and magnitudes of contaminant in- puts to the bight. The study measured the relative con- 8 tributions of four major sources of contaminants: 1 . ocean dumping of sewage sludge, dredge spoils, building and construction debris, and acid and chemical wastes; 2. municipal and industrial wastewater; 3. atmospheric fallout; and 4. runoff. Data were synthesized for each source to estimate the relative inputs of solids, organic matter, nutrients, trace metals, and microbes. It was determined that the major- ity of contaminants is contributed by the New York met- ropolitan area, through the Hudson/Raritan estuarine system (see fig. 1), although the relative contaminant contribution of different sources varied greatly. Under a MESA contract, the University of Rhode Is- land analyzed atmospheric samples for trace metals. With the exception of sodium, concentrations of trace metals in sampled aerosols over the bight were approx- imately 10 to 20 percent of the mean concentrations observed during a 2-year period at several locations over New York City. The results of the study indicated that atmospheric inputs may account for as much as 13 percent of the lead, 8 percent of the zinc, 5 percent of the iron, and 1 to 2 percent of the cadmium input to the bight. In conjunction with this study, Brookhaven National Laboratory has analyzed elemental and isotopic sulfur in atmosphere samples from the bight. The State University of New York, under contract to MESA, has made a preliminary assessment of the sea- sonal variation of temperature, salinity, dissolved ox- ygen, turbidity, chlorinity, inorganic nitrogen, and phos- phate of bight waters. These were selected as indicators of the magnitude and variability of flow of water, particu- late matter, and associated contaminants across the Sandy Hook-Rockaway Point transect (see fig. 1). An important result of this study is that net mass transport over a tidal cycle is generally toward the bight in the vicinity of Sandy Hook and toward the harbor in the vicinity of Rockaway Point. While the results indicate that sewage sludge is the principal direct source of ammonia, its biological effects appear to be localized and short term. The decomposition rate of sedimentary organic mat- ter within the bight was quantified in August and De- cember 1974 and in February 1975 by measuring rates of uptake of oxygen at the sediment-water interface. Rates of sedimentary oxygen utilization within the bight vary with water temperature and tend to be depressed over some dumped wastes during summer and fall. A study has been initiated to examine sediment re- working and diagenesis and their effects on contamin- ant exchange with the overlying water. The first efforts have focused on methodology and measurements of the vertical distribution of the nuclides lead-210 and thorium-228 and -234 in the sediments to determine the rate of sedimentation and the rate of reworking by storms and bottom amimals. Water column chemistry studies are conducted as part of the water column characterization cruises. These studies, initiated in fiscal year 1974, have been con- tinued for further analysis of water quality within the bight. Suspended particulates have been sampled for analysis of carbohydrates, proteins, and total organic carbon. Some samples have been extracted with or- ganic solvents to determine the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon, fatty acid, and methanol-eluting fractions. Identifications are being confirmed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Other compo- nents, including chlorinated hydrocarbons, are also being identified. Biological Oceanography. The National Marine Fisheries Service MACFC is the focal point for most of MESA's biological studies in the New York Bight. Here the objective is to determine the magnitude, cause, and dynamics of ecosystem degradation and recovery within the bight. The first step is to define and inventory where organisms live, how numerous they are, and what factors influence their distribution and abundance. This is a prelude to studies of process and rate aspects of the ecosystem that will characterize the roles or influences of environmental variables and of the biotic components of the ecosystem. During fiscal year 1975, in collaboration with other agencies (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Nas- sau County Department of Health, the Town of Hempstead — Department of Conservation and Water- ways, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — EPA), MESA estimated the numbers of total coliform and fecal coliform bacteria in sediments at 20 locations south of Long Beach, N.Y. The measured concentrations were high enough to indicate coliform bacteria contamination to distances of 5 nmi offshore of Long Island. These results are comparable to previous coliform measurements throughout the inner bight, with the exception of high concentrations measured at the dump sites. Fecal coliforms were not found at five sta- tions within two areas designated by the EPA as poten- tial locations for offshore alternative dump sites. How- ever, at these latter five locations, Clostridium (presumed to be C. perfringens) and Vibrio were found in rather high numbers. As C. perfringens is present in fecal material and because spores of this species can survive for long periods, the species is sometimes used as an indicator of domestic sewage contamination. The distribution of Vibrio species is important because it causes diseases in both man and fish. Studies are being performed on the prevalence and causes of fin rot disease in some benthic fish. This is characterized by erosion of the fins, starting at the outer edges of the fin and progressing to the base. To deter- mine which bacteria are present at the sites of fin erosion, 99 bacterial isolates were taken from the lesions of about 40 diseased winter flounder (Pseu- dopleuronectes americanus), the fish most susceptible to fin rot in the bight. Several common marine bacteria were found, with Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, and Flavobacterium being most common. The variety of bacteria identified with the fish lesions indicate that other pathogens or factors may be involved. Diseased tissues were also extensively studied. Failure to find either in situ bacteria or any pronounced inflammatory -response to specific bacteria is evidence that the onset of this fin rot disease may not be bacterial. These findings are in contrast with evidence that bacteria do cause fin rot in some other areas. Bight waters and sediments have been analyzed for ordinarily harmless coliform bacteria and for other bac- teria that are resistant to antibiotics. Several locations at and near the dump sites, and near shore, yielded bacter- ial strains resistant to several heavy metals and to ter- ramycin. These strains have been confirmed as resis- tance transfer (R+) donors; that is, they can transfer resistance to a spectrum of metals and/or antibiotics to normal nonresistant bacteria. For example, coliform bacteria acts as a reservoir or vector by which resis- tance to terramycin can be transferred from a pathogen such as Salmonella to another Salmonella. The wide- spread distribution of "transfer resistant" bacteria in nature and in man has been documented only in recent years. The presence of these resistant bacteria in the bight is not presently viewed as a public health threat. However, their widespread distribution is a striking de- monstration of natural selection and bacterial accom- modation to human contaminants. Measurements of phytoplankton density and produc- tivity in the waters of the New York Bight, Lower Bay, Raritan River, and the lower Hudson River indicated that productivity within the inner bight is less than meas- ured in the Hudson and Raritan Estuaries, but larger than measured in the outer bight. An estimated annual phytoplankton production of 370 g of carbon per square meter within the inner bight is similar to that of produc- tive upwelling areas and results from a substantial influx of nutrient-rich surface water from the Hudson/Raritan estuarine complex. Biological investigations have contributed to a better understanding of the distribution of benthic inverteb- rates and of fin rot disease in fish. Although there is no evidence of widespread changes in species composi- tion of benthic invertebrates throughout the whole bight, recent findings are in agreement with a previous study which documented substantial modifications in species composition and abundance caused by dredge spoil and sewage sludge dumping. The project sponsored a study aimed at the develop- ment of a comprehensive conceptual representation of the bight, including the processes of ocean circulation, sediment transport, water quality, and ecologic interac- tion. The study, recently completed, provides a framework for establishing research and field investiga- tion priorities and for developing and evaluating future models of oceanic processes and critical ecological sys- tems. Research Planned For Fiscal Year 1 976. Additional current meter and bottom pressure data will be obtained for use in determining long-term features of the Conti- nental Shelf circulation and the dynamics of Hudson Shelf Valley flow. Water column characterization studies in the Hudson Shelf Valley and vicinity will be continued in conjunction with circulation studies of these areas. Data from these studies will be used as input to a diagnostic model of bight circulation. A new program will determine how important meso-, regional-, and micro-scale meteorological events are to bight circulation and sediment transport. The effects of major storm events will be emphasized. Meteorologi- cal buoys will be deployed early in the fiscal year over locations on the Outer Continental Shelf, in the Hudson Shelf Valley, and in the Baltimore Canyon Trough. Another installation is scheduled for the Georges Bank area in February or March 1 976. Continued studies will be performed on pollutant in- puts, dynamics of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the inner New York Bight, distribution of and contaminant impacts upon benthic invertebrates, distribution and sources of sewage-derived sedimentary material, and release of contaminants from the sediments to the water column. The MESA New York Bight Project is providing the EPA oceanographic data and reports on its alternative sewage sludge dump sites within the bight. A study will determine the abundance of strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to cadmium, mercury, zinc, and lead in the sediments of the New York Bight and will look for correlations between this resistance and the resistance to antibiotics such as penicillin and methicillin. S. aureus, a serious cause of disease in man and animals, is relatively tolerant of sea water. The effects of polluted sediments on the contracting of fin rot by winter flounder will be further studied by placing caged fish in and around sewage sludge and dredge spoil dump sites. Additional studies in aquaria will expose winter flounder to sediments from dump sites. The prevalence and distribution of anomalies other than fin rot in finfish species (and, to a limited extent in shellfish) will also be determined. The incidence of cytogenetic abnormalities in fish eggs and early stage larvae from the neuston (floating- surface layer) will be investigated. This will be the first step in an attempt to determine the significance of mutagenic contaminant effects upon fish with early life history stages spent at least partially in the neuston. Field data will be augmented with data from experimen- tal chronic exposure of fish and their spawned eggs to one or more contaminants considered most likely to be mutagenic factors in the New York Bight. Supporting activities include publication of the MESA Atlas of the New York Bight, an associated monograph series (discussed in the following section), refinement of the data management system, interpretation of other available ecosystems information, and development of a rationale for the monitoring of ocean dumping. 10 V. PUBLICATIONS AND INFORMATION EXCHANGE A. The MESA Atlas of the New York Bight The MESA Atlas is intended to summarize and integrate available information and data on the bight for decisionmakers and their technical advisors, industrial and individual users of the bight, and scientists. The atlas is being prepared in two stages. Technical summaries of rather broad topics are published individually as soon as they are prepared and edited. These technical summaries will then be integrated into a cohesive cross-referenced book and edited to insure readability by people without technical backgrounds. The technical summaries will be released in the MESA New York Bight Atlas Monograph series. Authors have been selected to write these summaries on more than 30 different topics; all manuscripts are expected to be completed by June 1976. The series of manuscripts is designed to cover classical oceanog- raphic topics, commercial resources, management of resources, and uses of the bight and its shore zone. Thus, in addition to strictly oceanographic information, reports are being written on sand and gravel deposits, fishing resources, aquaculture, artificial reefs, respon- sibilities of governmental agencies, ocean waste disposal, air quality, energy sources, port facilities, transportation, industrial growth, demography, and recreation — all with respect to the New York Bight. These reports are designed to provide early synthesis of existing information and to document information gaps, primarily facilitating research planning by MESA scientists and others. The reports will also be useful to decisionmakers and the public. The basic principle behind the atlas is to combine the more than 30 separate topics into a comprehensive unit to illustrate the dynamic system which is designated as the New York Bight — a complex interplay among physi- cal, biological, and human elements and between coastal processes and deepwater conditions. To facili- tate this integration, the atlas will emphasize four-color charts in three standard scales, photographs, and diag- rams. Wherever possible, data will be portrayed on charts. Standard charts have been prepared by the American Geographical Society for the atlas and atlas monographs. The book will be about 300 pages in length, and the text supplementing the graphics will be written for both the public and the scientist. Production of the MESA New York Bight Atlas Monograph series and the atlas has been contracted to the New York State Sea Grant Program. Consultation on publications details and graphics is being provided by the American Geographical Society. The atlas is scheduled for publication in 1976. B. Other Publications A Preliminary MESA New York Bight Environmental Data Base Directory was compiled for MESA by the Environmental Data Service (EDS) in September 1 973. This directory, an initial compilation and description of data files relevant to the New York Bight, has been augmented extensively. New entries have been added to an expanded version which is to be published soon. The directory lists the institutions holding data files, names, addresses, and phone numbers of contacts re- sponsible for data; location of data collection; narrative description and index of terms describing data; period of data coverage; volume of data and frequency of collec- tion; data storage medium; restrictions on availability; and secondary storage locations of data. The MESA New York Bight Bibliography. This bib- liography, containing more than 2,400 items, was pre- pared during fiscal year 1974 for the MESA New York Bight Project by NOAA's Environmental Science Infor- mation Center (ESIC). The bibliography is a single source of literature pertinent to the New York Bight. It is available through the Government Printing Office in a two-volume set: the first contains actual citations, and the second contains subject and author indexes to aid in locating references of interest. In addition, the bibliog- raphy is automated into the EDS Oceanic and Atmos' pheric Scientific Information System (OASIS), a reach- able information storage and retrieval system operated by ESIC. By utilizing the computer aspect of the bibliog- raphy, a user will receive only information for a specific desired area and/or time, but not the entire file. Scientific, Technical, and Information Reports. Another system for disseminating information about the bight is through the MESA Report Series. This series of reports includes data and information about environ- mental and ecological baselines and processes of the New York Bight. The MESA Report Series and other publications listed in the Bibliography can be obtained, at a nominal cost, from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Gov- ernment Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Data 11 Reports, Technical Memoranda, Technical Reports, and Special Reports will be issued on a continuing basis for the duration of the project. In addition to special MESA publications, numerous articles have been submitted by MESA investigators to recognized scientific journals on their scientific efforts in the New York Bight. A complete list of such articles is included in the Bibliography. C. Public Hearings In 1974, public controversy arose over the existing practice of dumping sewage sludge in the apex of the New York Bight. The most common concern has been the lack of information on the New York Bight ecosystem and its response to being used as a repository for wastes generated in the New York metropolitan area. Long-term efforts of the project will provide a better understanding of the bight to guide future management decisions. Becuase of the critical nature of the sewage sludge dumping problem, three public hearings were held. The first, called by Mr. Gerald M. Hansler, Adminis- trator, Environmental Protection Agency, Region II, was held on February 8, 1 974, to discuss decisions on appli- cations for ocean dumping permits. Requests had been made for project findings applicable to the impact of sewage sludge during dumping in the New York Bight. The formal presentation summarized assessment of information to that date. The second, called by New York State Assemblyman Peter A. Berle, was held March 22, 1974, on sewage sludge disposal. Sewage sludge dumping at the existing site and recommendations for possible alternative sites were the focuses of the presentation. Thethird, called by U.S. Senator James L. Buckleyfor the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Senate Public Works Committee, was held on August 2, 1974. This hearing was called to resolve conflicting reports on whether the disposal of sewage sludge in the New York Bight poses a threat to Long Island beaches. Testimony from the MESA Project was requested to provide scientific input regarding the potential for sludge migration out of the disposal area and its implications on recreation and on marine life. D. MESA-Sponsored Workshops The MESA Project sponsored several workshops during fiscal years 1974 and 1975. Each of these work- shops was called to address specific problem areas, improve coordination, and integrate field investigations for optimum utilization of project resources. In general, these workshops included investigators from other or- ganizations as well as representatives from NOAA. These workshops are listed below: May 3, 1973 Topic: MESA Field Efforts Purpose: To integrate the multidisciplinary NOAA activities and to eliminate duplicative efforts in the bight. August 1 0, 1 973 Topic: MESA Biological Contractors Workshop #1 Purpose: To review progress made by individual contractors and to exchange up-to-date information. September 4-5, 1 973 Topic: Chemical Oceanography Workshop Purpose: To identify chemical problems which MESA should study and to assign priorities to these problems. February 12, 1974 Topic: Instrument Calibration Workshop Purpose: To improve calibration of instrumenta- tion, such as current meters, used in physical oceanographic studies in the bight. March 14, 1974 Topic: Information Exchange Between NOAA Investigators Purpose: To review results of work-in-progress in order to redirect and amplify efforts in specific areas. June 4, 1 974 Topic: Nutrient Chemistry Workshop Purpose: To bring together all investigators studying nutrients in the bight to dis- cuss analytical methods and calibra- tion problems and initiation of coopera- tive efforts. June 17, 1974 Topic: MESA Biological Contractors Workshop #2 Purpose: To review results of work-in-progress and exchange ideas for future studies. 12 Bibliography Of MESA- Sponsored Publications As Of October 1975 Alexander, J. E., R. Hollman, and T. White (1974), Heavy metal concentration at the apex of the New York Bight, Rept. No. 4-35212, N.Y. Ocean Sci. Lab., Montauk, N.Y. Apel, J. R., H. M. Byrne, J. R. Proni, and R. L. Charnell (1 975), Observations of oceanic internal and surface waves from the Earth Resources Technology Satel- lite, J. Geophys. Res., 80:865-881. Apel, J. R., R. L. Charnell, and R. J. Blackwell (1974), Ocean internal waves off the North American coasts from ERTS-1 , Proc. Ninth Internal Sym. on Remote Sensing of Environ., Ann Arbor, Mich. Benninger, L. K., D. M. Lewis, and K. K. Turekian (1975), The use of natural Pb-210 as a heavy metal tracer in the river-estuarine system, in Marine Chemistry in the Coastal Environment (T.M. Church, ed.), Amer. Chem. Soc. Monograph, Washington, D.C. (in press). September 10-12, 1974 Topic: Symposium on Ecological Modeling in a Resource Management Framework (co- sponsored with Resources for the Future, Inc., at Brookings Institute) Purpose: To bring together persons actively involved in ecological modeling to ex- change information and aid develop- ment of resource management. October 8-9, 1 974 Topic: Oceanographic Workshop at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Purpose: To discuss future efforts and direction of the Brookhaven National Laboratory/ MESA Cooperative Biological Emission Program March 10-12, 1975 Topic: Physical Oceanography of the New York Bight Workshop at BNL Purpose: To present physical oceanography re- search programs in the New York Bight and to discuss cooperative efforts and future plans. April 10, 1975 Topic: Public Health Workshop convened by EPA Purpose: To assess the public health signifi- cance of a MESA investigation (Kodit- schek and Guyre, 1974) which found transfer resistance bacteria in sedi- ments and waters of the New York Bight and to initiate a future symposium on this subject. Charnell, R. L. (ed.) (1975), Assessment of offshore dumping in the New York Bight; technical back- ground: Physical oceanography, geological oceanography, chemical oceanography, NOAA TM ERL MESA-1, MESA Program Off., Boulder, Colo., 83 pp. Charnell, R.L, and D.V. Hansen (1974), Summary and analysis of physical oceanography data collected in the New York Bight Apex during 1969-70, MESA Rept. No. 74-3, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D.C, 44 pp. Charnell, R. L, J. R. Apel, W. Manning, III, and R. H. Qualset (1974), Utility of ERTS-1 for coastal ocean observation: The New York Bight example, Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 8:42-47. Drake, D. E. (1974), Suspended Particulate Matter in The New York Bight Apex: September-November 1973, NOAA TRERL318-MESA-\,\J.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D.C, 53 pp. Duedall, I.W., H.B. O'Connors, and B. Irwin (1975), Sewage sludge: Its fate in the New York Bight Apex, J. Water Poll. Contr. Fed. (in press). Duedall, I. W., H. B. O'Connors, and M. J. Bowman (1975), Sewage sludge and ammonium concentra- tions in the New York Bight Apex, Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science (in press). Freeland, G. L, and D. J. P. Swift (1975), New York alternative dump site assessment-reconnaissance study of surficial sediments, Proc: Ninth Internat. Congr. of Sedimentology (in press). Greig, R. A. (1975), Comparison of atomic absorption and neutron activation analyses for the determina- tion of silver, chromium, and zinc in various marine organisms, Anal. Chem., 47:1682-1684. Hazelworth, J. B., B. L. Kolitz, R. B. Starr, R. L. Charnell, and G. A. Berberian (1 975), New York Bight Project, water column sampling cruises #1-5 of the NOAA ship FERREL, August-November 1973, NOAA MESA Rept. No. 74-2, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D.C, 191 pp. Hazelworth, J. B., B. L. Kolitz, R. B. Starr, R. L. Charnell, G. A. Berberian, and M. A. Weiselberg (1975), New York Bight Project, water column sampling cruises #6-8 of the NOAA ship FERREL, April-June 1974, NOAA DR MESA-1, MESA Program Off., Boulder, Colo., 177 pp. Jones, H. G., H. Bronheim, and P. F. Palmedo (1975), Electricity generation and oil refining, MESA New York Bight Atlas Monograph 25, MESA New York Bight Project and New York Sea Grant Institute, Al- bany, N.Y., 22 pp. Koditschek, L. K., and P. Guyre (1974), Antimicrobial- resistant coliforms in New York Bight, Mar. Poll. Bull., 5:71-74. 13 Koebel, C. T., and D. A. Krueckeberg (1975), Demog- raphic patterns, MESA New York Bight Atlas Monograph 23, MESA New York Bight Project and New York Sea Grant Institute, Albany, N.Y., 43 pp. Lavelle, J. W., G. H. Keller, and T. L. Clarke (1975), Possible bottom current response to surface winds in the Hudson Shelf Channel, J. Geophys. Res., 80:1953-1956. Marine Ecosystems Analysis (1974), Data Manage- ment Plan, MESA New York Bight Project, ERL, 28 PP- Marine Ecosystems Analysis (1974), Project Develop- ment Plan, MESA New York Bight Project, ERL, 59 pp. Marine Ecosystems Analysis (1 975), Ocean dumping in the New York Bight, NOAA TR ERL 321-MESA 2, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D.C., 78 pp. Maul, G. A., R. L. Charnell, and R. H. Qualset (1974), Computer enhancement of ERTS-1 images for ocean radiances, Remote Sensing Environ., 3:237-253. McKinney, T. F., W. L. Stubblefield, and D. J. P. Swift (1974), Large-scale current lineations on the Central New Jersey Shelf: Investigations by side-scan sonar, Marine Geol., 77:79-102. Murchelano, R. (1975), The histopathology of fin rot disease in winter flounder from the New York Bight, J. Wildlife diseases, 7 7:263-268. O'Connors, H. B., and I. W. Duedall (1975), The sea- sonal variation in sources, concentrations and im- pacts of ammonium in the New York Bight Apex, in Marine Chemistry of the Marine Environment (T. M. Church, ed.), Amer. Chem. Soc. Spec. Symp. (in press). Pearce, J. B. (1974), Benthic assemblages in the deeper continental shelf waters of the Middle Atlantic Bight, in Proc. Estuarine Research Federation Outer Continental Shelf Conference and Workshop, Univ. of Maryland, Center for Adult Education, College Park, Md., pp. 297-317. Pearce, J. B. (1974), Environmental impact of the con- struction phase of offshore floating or barge mounted nuclear power plants to be sited between Sandy Hook and Atlantic City, New Jersey, in Biological Balance and Thermal Modification, Institute de la Vie, North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam, the Netherlands, pp. 395-408. Pearce, J. B. (1974), Regional coastal environmental consideration for offshore power plants; Sandy Hook to Atlantic City, New Jersey, in Biological Balance and Thermal Modification, Institute de la Vie, North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam, the Nether- lands, pp. 409-477. Schlee, J. (1975), Sand and gravel, MESA New York Bight Atlas Monograph 21. MESA New York Bight Project and New York Sea Grant Institute, Albany, N.Y., 26 pp. Segar, D. A., and A. Y. Cantillo (1975), Advances in the application of flameless atomic absorption in oceanography. Direct determination of trace metals in sea water, in Analytical Methods of Oceanog- raphy, Advances in Chemistry Series (T.R.P. Gibb, ed.), Amer. Chem. Soc, Washington, D.C. (in press). Segar, D. A., and A. Y. Cantillo (1 975), Some considera- tions on monitoring of trace metals in estuaries and oceans, in Proc. Internatl. Conf. on Environ. Sensing and Asessment, Sept. 1975, Las Vegas, Nev. (in press). Segar, D. A., and G. A. Berberian (1975), Trace metal contamination by oceanographic samples. A com- parison of various Niskin samples and the pumping system, in Analytical Methods of Oceanography, Ad- vances in Chemistry Series (T.R.P. Gibb, ed.), Amer. Chem. Soc, Washington, D.C. (in press). Stanley, D. J., and D. J. P. Swift (eds.) (1975), Marine Sediment Transport and Environmental Manage- ment, Wiley Interscience, N.Y. (includes several chapters by MESA investigators) (in press). Stubblefield, W. L, and D. J. P. Swift (1976), Ridge development as revealed by sub-bottom profiles on the Central New Jersey Shelf, Marine Geol. (in press). Stubblefield, W. L, and R. W. Permenter (1975), Tem- poral and spatial substrate variation in the New York Bight Apex, Proc. Geological Society of America 1975 (in press). Stubblefield, W. L, M. Dicken, and D. J. P. Swift (1974), Reconnaissance of bottom sediments of the Inner and Central New Jersey Shelf (MESA Data Report), NOAA MESA Rept. No. 1, U. S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D.C, 39 pp. Stubblefield, W. L, J. W. Lavelle, D. J. P. Swift, and T. F. McKinney (1975), Sediment response to the hyd- raulic regime on the Central New Jersey Shelf, J. Sedimentary Petrology, 45:337-358. Swift, D. J. P. (1975), Barrier island genesis: Evidence from the Central Atlantic Shelf, Eastern U.S.A., Sedimentary Geology, 74:1-43. Swift, D. J. P. (1975), Response of the shelf floor to geostrophic storm currents-Middle Atlantic Bight of North America, Proc: Ninth Internatl. Congr. of Sedimentology (in press). Swift, D. J. P., and P. Sears (1 974), Estuarine and littoral depositional patterns in the surficial sand sheet, Cen- tral and Southern Atlantic Shelf of North America, Mem. Inst. Geol. Bassin Aquitaine, Univ. of Bor- deaux, Bordeaux, France, No. 7, pp. 171-189. Yasso, W. E., and E. M. Hartman, Jr. (1975), Beach forms and coastal processes, MESA New York Bight Atlas Monograph 1 1, MESA New York Bight Project and New York Sea Grant Institute, Albany, N.Y., 51 pp. Young, J. S., and J. B. Pearce (1975), Shell disease in crabs and lobsters from New York Bight, Mar. Poll. Bull, (in press). Yount, R. A., and J. B. Southard (1975), Erodability of cohesive marine sediments: Field and laboratory ex- periments, Proc Geological Society of America 1975 (in press). 14 Ziskowski, J., and R. Murchelano (1975), Fin erosion in winter flounder, Mar. Poll. Bull., 6:26-29. The following is a list of scientific presentations made at meetings by NOAA personnel on New York Bight- related topics. Presentations made by contractors and grantees are not included. Charnell, R. L, G. S. Maul, and R. H. Qualset Application of ERTS to marine water quality moni- toring. Presentation at the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., April 1974. Cok, A. E. Structural instability of the nearshore ridge and swale topography, Fire Island, New York. Presentation at the Geological Society of America meeting, Miami Beach, Fla., November 1974. Drake, D. E., and P. E. Butcher Dispersal of waste solids in the New York Bight. Presentation at the Geological Society of America meeting, Miami Beach, Fla., November 1974. Drake D. E., D. A. Segar, R. L. Charnell, and G. A. Maul Comparison of optical measurements and sus- pended solids concentrations in the ocean. Presentation at the National Oceanographic Instrumentation Center Turbidity Workshop, May 1974. Hansen, D. V. Shelf circulation studies at NOAA/AOML. Presentation at the Workshop/Conference on Shelf Dynamics, Annapolis, Md., April 1974. McKinney, T. F., and D. J. P. Swift Side-scan sonar evidence of large-scale current lineations on the Central New Jersey Continental Shelf, USA. Presentation at the Bordeaux Symposium, Bordeaux, France, September 1973. Murchelano, R. A. Histopathology of fin rot disease in winter flounder from the New York Bight. Presentation at the Wildlife Disease Association, July 1974. Pearce, J. B. Use of benthic communities as indicators of oil pollution. Presentation at the American Petroleum Institute meeting, Boston, Mass., March 1974. Segar, D. A. The MESA New York Bight Project and chemical oceanography. Presentation at the 1974 Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., May 1 974. Segar, D. A., G. A. Berberian, R. L. Charnell, D. E. Drake, P. E. Belcher, and G. A. Maul The New York Bight. Some observations of the NOAA Marine EcoSystems Analysis (MESA) Pro- gram. Presentation at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Limnology and Oceano- graphy, Seattle, Wash., June 1974. Sindermann, C. J. A biologist's view of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment. Presentation at the Third Food-Drugs from the Sea Conference, Univ. of Rhode Island, Kings- ton, R.I., January 1973. Sindermann, C. J. An assessment of human impact on coastal eco- systems and living resources of the New York Bight. Presentation at the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 1 974. Sindermann, C. J. Fisheries implications in planning offshore ports. Presentation at MTS, TAMU, Univ. of Dela., Short course in offshore port planning, Washing- ton, D.C. Stubblefield, W. L, and D. J. P. Swift Influence of sub-surface structure during submarine construction of ridge and swale topography, Central New Jersey Shelf. Presentation at the Geological Society of Ameri- ca meeting, Miami Beach, Fla., November 1974. Stubblefield, W. L, and D. J. P. Swift Ridge and swale topography of the Central New Jersey Shelf; active relict hydraulic responses. Presentation at the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C, April 1974. Swanson, R. L. On-going NOAA activities related to ocean dumping in the New York Bight. Presentation at the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council Dumping Workshop at Woods Hole, Mass., September 1974. Swift, D. J. P. Outer Continental Shelf sedimentation. Presentation at the American Geophysical Union Short Course, Washington, D.C, November 1974. Swift, D. J. P., and J. W. Lavelle Sand transport on the Continental Shelf. Presentation at the Geological Society of America meeting, Miami Beach, Fla., Novem- ber 1974. Swift, D.J. P., J.W. Lavelle, and J. McHone Morphology and grain size characteristics of the shoreface; inferences concerning the littoral sand budget. Presentation at the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C, April 1974. 15 APPENDIX A MESA NEW YORK BIGHT PROJECT RESEARCH CONTRACTS AND GRANTS CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL Meteorological forcing fields RSMAS/C.N.K. Mooers FY76 51k of the New York Bight Data buoy support NOS NDBO/Mike Hall FY76 17k NWS support — NWS Eastern Region/ FY74-76 FY74-35k FY75-35k Eastern Region W. McKee & J. Allen FY76-35k (requested) NESS/NASA experiments NESS-NASA/J. Sherman FY73-75 No project funds & J. Muggier except operational and planning support Sludge tracking acoustic AOML ORSL/John Proni FY76 28.5k experiment Bottom pressure program AOML PhOL/D.V. Han- sen & H.O. Mofjeld FY75-76 FY75-50kFY76-52.1k Wave refraction study CCNY/Dr. Pierson 3 1 / 2 mo. NYU 14mo. CCNY 6mo. no cost extension 16k-NYU 52k-CCNY Tidal analysis (coastal) NOS C33/C. Fisher No MESA funds except for instrumen- tation and some operational support required Sealevel fluctuation study NOS C3/S. Hicks FY74-75 FY74-1kFY75-1k Moored current meter AOML PhOL/ FY73-76 FY73-60k FY74-45k program D.V. Hansen FY75-70k FY76-56.6k Aandreaa initial processing NOS C33/C.Fisher FY74-76 FY74-20k FY75-40k FY76-60k Cyclesonde study University of Miami/ 12mo. 35.5k J.C. Van Lear (6/5/73- 6/5/74) Tidal curent analysis NOS C33/C. Fisher FY74-76 FY74-50k FY75-60k FY76-52k Synoptic study of surface SUNY(MSRC)/Dr. Baylor 13mo. (1/3/74 1 1 .8k approximately and bottom drift in the -2/4/75) 41k in matching New York Bight funds Trackable Lagrangian (seabed) NASA Langley/J. McFall 18k (EPA funds) drifter study Water column characterization AOML PhOL/D.V. Han- FY73-76 FY73-60k FY74-45k program sen, R.B. Starr, & FY75-80k G.A. Maul FY76-71.3k Tritium analysis University of Miami/ 6k (EPA funds) Preliminary field experiments University of Massachu- 6mo. (June- 15k in preparation for a large setts Coast Research December scale instrumentation of Center/Dr. Allen 1975) the nearshore marine zone. Niedoroda Resuspension characteristics MIT/Dr. J.B. Southard FY76 12k of cohesive bottom sedi- ments in the New York Bight Apex Procesing and preliminary University of Chicago/ FY76 15.3k analysis of data previously Dr. Robert Miller collected in the frictional boundary layer New York Bight Substrate inventory program AOML MG&G/ FY73-76 FY73-120k(278.4) Dr. George Freeland FY74-100k(285) FY75-150k(432.5) FY76-78.7k(365) 16 CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL Sand transport program AOML MG&G/ FY73-76 FY73-60k(278.4) Dr. J. William Lavelle FY74-150k(285) & Or. Donald Swift FY75-150k(432.5) FY76-79.7k(365) Shoreface study AOML MG&G/ FY76 42.7k(365) may be Dr. Donald Swift asking for as much as 250k additional funding in FY76 Box coring program AOML MG&G/ FY76 19.2k(365) Suspended sediment AOML MG&G/Dr. Yenug FY74-76 FY74-35k(285) transport program & Mr. Nelsen FY75-130k(432.5) FY76-58.9k(365) Suspended sediment AOML MG&G/ FY76 27.9k tracer study Dr. J. William Lavelle & Dr. Donald Swift Phytoplankton productivity CUNY/Thomas C. Malone 36mo. FY74-33k FY75-73.3k and nutrient recycling in the inner New York Bight Phytoplankton productivity — NOAA MACFC/J. Thomas FY73-75 FY73-20k FY74-63k Raritan Bay FY75-34k Ciliated protozoa University of Maryland/ July 72- FY73-38k FY74-12.4k Transfer resistant bacteria of the New York Bight Benthic respiration Benthic invertebrate distribution and abundance Fish and shellfish Benthic ecology data analysis Statistical analysis of benthic sample data from the New York Bight area Quantitative distribution of macrobenthic invertebrates of the Middle Atlantic region Environmental induced mutagenesis in marine fishes Heavy metal and antibiotic resistance in Staphol- coccus aureus studies in the New York Bight Resource distribution and abundance MESA Atlas Geochemical efforts Determination of phosphate fluxes across the sediment water interface in New York Bight E. Small June 74 Montclair State College/ June 73- L. Koditschek July 75 NOAA MACFC/ FY73-75 J. Thomas NOAA MACFC/ FY73-76 J. Pearce & K. McNulty NOAA MACFC/ FY75-76 Dr. Aaron Rosenfield — Oxford, Md., Lab. NOAA CEDDA & Fordham FY76 University/Dr. Richard Rozett & Dr. Jack Jalickee Dr. Saul & Dr. Saila 2 years NEFC/ July 75- Dr. Roland L. Wigley June 76 NOAA MACFC/ FY76 Dr. A. Longwell — Milford, Conn., Lab. /Dr. John F. Timoney 2 years NOAA MACFC/A. Merrill FY73-75 New York Sea Grant FY 73-75 Institute/ Dr. D.F. Squires AOML PhOL/Segar, FY74-76 Berberian & Cantillo; MG&G/Hatcher, Keister & West Florida State University/ January 75- Dr. John W. Morse June 75 FY74-10k FY75-18k FY73-41k FY74-31k FY75-38k FY73-40k FY74-51 .3k FY75-80k FY76-177.8k FY75-16k FY76-95k 34.5k FY74-10k FY75-10k (FY76-10k anticipated) FY76-52.4k 145k FY76-21 .7k FY73^33k FY74-53k FY75-36k FY73-1 25k FY 74-96.9k FY75-90k FY74-$45,841 FY75-178.5k FY76-192.9k $2,953 17 CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL Organic and heavy metal Brooklyn College/ September 75- $30,220 geochemistry of nearshore Dr. John C. Stewart, August 76 organic rich muds, sand Dr. William, & and gravel bottom sedi- H. Harris ments and suspended sediments, with regard to sediment origin New York Bight Magnitude of contaminant Manhattan College/ June 74- 35k inputs to the New York Dr. James A. Mueller February 75 Bight & Dr. John A. Jeris A study of the sources, University of South February 75- $49,063 transport and reactions of Florida/Dr. Peter R. April 76 suspended particles in Betzer waters of the New York Bight The use of Pb 210 , Ra 228 Yale University/ June 74- $51 ,094 and Th 234 in determining Dr. Karl K. Turekian August 76 the accumulation rates and mobilization of coastal sediments Atmospheric trace metals University of Rhode June 74- $3,825 over the New York Bight Island/Dr. Robert A. Duce June 75 Determination of anthropo- State University of New September 75- $27,882 genic fluxes of carbon York at Stony Brook/ August 76 and heavy metals into the Dr. Oliver A. Schaeffer sediments of New York Bight A study of the variation of State University of New October 73- $48,771 nutrients across the Sandy York at Stony Brook/ July 74 Hook-Rockaway Point tran- Dr. Iver W. Duedall sect, New York Bight Heavy metal concentrations New York Ocean Science November 73- $9,945 at the apex of the New Lab. /Dr. James E. February 74 York Bight Alexander Conceptional representation of Water Resources Engin- June 73- $186,303 the New York Bight eers/Dr. Donald E. Evenson June 75 MESA dynamics physical NOAA/Dr. D.V. Hansen FY74 89.8k oceanography Marine ecological system NOAC/C. Kearse FY74 350k analysis-engineering support 18 APPENDIX B PARTIAL LISTING OF MARINE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE NEW YORK BIGHT REGION WHICH ARE NOT SUPPORTED BY MESA (Data from Smithsonian Science Information Exchange, Inc., Washington, D.C.) CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING SUPPORTING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL AGENCY Study of setting, attachment New York State Depart- July 72- $10,150 U.S.Dept. of Commerce — and growth of Codium ment of Environmen- June 73 NOAA NMFS fragile on shellfish in tal Conservation/ Long Island R.E. Fox Studies on the methods for Connecticut State Depart- July 72- 8,621 U.S.Dept. of Commerce— control of Codium fragile ment of Environmen- June 73 NOAA NMFS in Long Island Sound tal Protection/ A study of the migratory Connecticut State Depart- July 72- $8,500 U.S.Dept. of Commerce — behavior of American shad ment of Environmental Protection/W.C. Leggett June 73 NOAA NMFS An interdisciplinary study-the New York Ocean Science July 72- Funds Unknown NASA estuarine and coastal Lab/Dr. R. Nuzzi June 73 oceanography of Block Is- land Sound and adjacent New York coastal waters Cyclesonde measurements in University of Miami/ May 73- Funds Unknown U.S.Dept. of Commerce— the New York Bight J.C. Van Leer May 74 NOAA ERL Pre-operational aquatic New York Ocean Science July 73- Funds Unknown Long Island Lighting studies-Shoreham Lab/ J.C. Baiardi July 74 Pre-operational aquatic Long Island Lighting July 73- Funds Unknown Long Island Lighting structure-Shoreham Company/ June 74 Pre-operational aquatic Long Island Lighting July 73- $20,000 Long Island Lighting studies-Shoreham Company/ June 74 Marine ecological study at New York Ocean Science January 73- $1 ,500 Long Island Lighting Shoreham, Long Island, Lab/Dr. Austin, June74 New York J.H. Alexander, & A. Dagostino Benthos of the Dunwoodie- New York Ocean Science July 72- Funds Unknown Affiliated College & Glenwood Interconnection, Lab/A. Dagostino, June 73 University, Inc. Northport, Shoreham J. Alexander, H. Austin, & R. Nuzzi Thermal combustion lab for Brookhaven National Lab/ July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Atomic Energy Com- analysis of dissolved G.M. Woodwell & June 73 mission — Biomedical & organic carbon in seawater P. Rich Env. Res. Div. Community oxygen metabol- Brookhaven National Lab/ July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Atomic Energy Com- ism of Flax Pond, New G.M. Woodwell & June 74 mission — Biomedical & York C.A. Hall Env. Res. Div. Production and role of Brookhaven National Lab/ July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Atomic Energy Com- aquatic bio-detritus in a G.M. Woodwell & June 74 mission — Biomedical & tidal salt marsh D. Whitney Env. Res. Div. Quantitative value of different Brookhaven National Lab/ July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Atomic Energy Com- forces of energy in G.M. Woodwell & June 73 mission — Biomedical & microorganisms and salt C.A. Hall Env. Res. Div. pond Oceanography of Block Island New York Ocean Science July 72- Funds Unknown Suffolk County Govt., Sound (zooplankton and Lab/Dr. H.M. Austin & June 73 New York ichthoplankton) D.M. Stoops The effict of thermal enrich- Delmarva Power & July 73- Funds Unknown Delmarva Power & ment on oyster beds in Light Company/ June 74 Light Company Indian River Bay, Delaware Differential susceptibility of University of Delaware/ September 72- $18,500 U.S. National Science crustaceans to predation J. Born August 73 Foundation — Div. of by fish Environmental Sciences 19 CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING SUPPORTING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL AGENCIES Effects of persistent pollu- University of California/ December 72- $32,450 U.S. National Science tants on bird populations R.W. Risenbough November 73 Foundation — Div. of Biological & Medical Science The loan of equipment University of Connecticut/ July 73- $44,989 U.S. Dept. of Defense- to the University of P. Dehlinger & June 74 Navy Connecticut in support of W. Lund physical, chemical and geological oceanographic research Estuarine studies Brookhaven National Lab/ July 73- $75,000 U.S. Atomic Energy Com- G.M. Woodwell June 74 mission — Biomedical & Env. Res. Div. Terrestrial ecology Brookhaven National Lab/ July 73- $185,000 U.S. Atomic Energy Com- G.M. Woodwell June 74 mission— Biomedical & Env. Res. Div. The effects of environmental CUNY/J. Lee, September 73- $47,300 U.S. Atomic Energy Com- stress on the community W.A. Muller, August 74 mission — Biomedical & structure and productivity M. McEnery, J. Harrison Env. Res. Div. of salt marsh epiphytic & E. Kennedy communities Hard clam survey of Delaware State Department July 72- $10,000 U.S. Dept. of Com- Delaware Bay of Natural Resources/ Dr. D. Mauser June 73 merce— NOAA NMFS Live oyster bed and cultch Delaware State Department July 72- $9,000 U.S. Dept. of Com- survey of Delaware Bay of National Resources/ R.A. Peck June 73 merce— NOAA NMFS Atmospheric pollutant trans- University of Rhode February 74- $11,600 U.S. National Science port and deposition on the Island/R.A. Rice January 75 Foundation — Div. of sea surface National & International Programs Effects of passage of marine Woods Hole Oceanogra- July 72- $80,000 Northeast Utilities Service plankton through the cool- phic Institute/ June 73 ing water system of nuc- E.J. Carpenter lear power plants Remote sensing of U.S. Department of the July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of the Interior Long Island Sound Interior/F.H. Ruggles June 73 —Geological Survey —Water Resource Division Salinity of Delaware Estuary U.S. Department of the July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of the Interior Interior/T.E. White June 73 —Geological Survey — Water Resource Division Sea state and ocean color U.S. Department of Com- July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce studies from satellite merce/Dr. A.E. Strong June 73 —NOAA— National Environmental Satellite Service Southeast Florida Project U.S. Department of Com- July 72 $583,000 U.S. Dept. of Commerce merce/D.V. Hansen June 73 —NOAA ERL Disease resistant oysters Rutgers State University/ July 74- Funds Unknown New Jersey State H.H. Haskin June 75 Government Natural seed oyster beds of Rutgers State University/ July 74- Funds Unknown New Jersey State the Delaware Bay H.H. Haskin June 75 Government Detailed soil survey of the Conn. Agric. Expt. July 74- Funds Unknown Connecticut State state Station/D.E. Hill June 75 Government Dispersion in the Upper Rutgers State University/ July 74- $3,204 U.S. Dept. of the Interior Delaware Estuary R.C. Ahlert June 75 —Office of Water Resource Research Control of BOD upset in University of Delaware/ July 73- $8,600 U.S. Dept. of the Interior the Delaware Estuary M.M. Denn June 74 —Office of Water Resource Research Shellfish culture using the University of Connecticut/ July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of the Interior heated effluent from elec- S.Y. Feng June 74 —Office of Water tric power plants Resource Research 20 CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING SUPPORTING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL AGENCIES Identification and determina- Delaware State College/ July 73- $9,775 U.S. Dept. of the Interior tion of trace amounts of G.R. Seidel & June 74 —Office of Water organic and inorganic con- H.R. Williams Resource Research taminants in the Delaware River and Bay Effects of salinity and other Rutgers State University/ July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of the Interior water quality parameters H.H. Haskin June 74 —Office of Water on New Jersey oyster beds Hydrology of constructed Resource Research Delaware State Division July 73- $5,925 U.S. Dept. of the Interior lagoon systems connected of Fish & Wildlife/ June 74 —Bureau of Sport to tidal estuaries F.C. Daiber Fisheries & Wildlife- Federal Aid Division Inventory of marine Rhode Island State July 72- $2,400 U.S. Dept. of the Interior water courses Division of Fish & Wildlife/J.A. Stolgitis June 73 —Bureau of Sport Fisheries & Wildlife- Federal Aid Division Wildlife indexes New Jersey State Division July 72- $1 ,800 U.S. Dept. of the Interior of Fish & Game/ June 73 — Bureau of Sport F. Ferrigno Fisheries & Wildlife — Federal Aid Division Ecology and management of New Jersey State Division July 72- $1 ,800 U.S. Dept. of the Interior mosquito impoundment of Fish & Game/ F. Ferrigno June 73 — Bureau of Sport Fisheries & Wildlife- Federal Aid Division Biology in manmade lagoons Delaware State Division July 73- $5,925 U.S. Dept. of the Interior and natural tidal tributaries of Fish & Wildlife/ F.C. Daiber June 74 —Bureau of Sport Fisheries & Wildlife- Federal Aid Division Water quality in manmade Delaware State Division July 73- $5,925 U.S. Dept. of the Interior lagoons and natural tidal of Fish & Wildlife/ June 74 — Bureau of Sport tributaries F.C. Daiber Fisheries & Wildlife — Federal Aid Division Hydrological circulation in Delaware State Division July 72- $1,950 U.S. Dept. of the Interior manmade lagoons and of Fish & Wildlife/ June 73 — Bureau of Sport natural tidal guts F.C. Daiber Fisheries & Wildlife — Federal Aid Division Remote temperature profiles Connecticut State Depart- July 72- $600 U.S. Dept. of the Interior ment of Environmental June 73 —Bureau of Sport Protection/ Dr. W.R. Fisheries & Wildlife — Whitworth Federal Aid Division Long-term effects of light Delaware State Division July 72- $878 U.S. Dept. of the Interior and nutrients on edaphic of Fish & Wildlife/ June 73 — Bureau of Sport marsh algae and sperm- F.C. Daiber Fisheries & Wildlife — atophytes Federal Aid Division An analysis of the weakfish Delaware State Division July 72- $3,923 U.S. Dept. of the Interior population in the Delaware of Fish & Wildlife/ June 73 —Bureau of Sport Bay F.C. Daiber Fisheries & Wildlife — Federal Aid Division Delaware Bay raft culture of University of Delaware/ July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Delaware River oysters study D. Mauer & K.S. Price June 73 Basin Commission Community trophic structure University of Connecticut/ December 73- $8,000 U.S. National Science of estuarine foraminifera L. Frankel November 74 Foundation — Division of Environmental Sciences Bacterial growth and the Drexel University/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. National Science Delaware Estuary model E.R. Glaser August 73 Foundation — Division of Engineering Environmental impacts of Rutgers State University/ March 74- $284,000 U.S. National Science petroleum industry in the W. Whipple February 75 Foundation — Division Delaware Estuary of Environmental Sciences & Resources 21 CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING SUPPORTING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL AGENCIES Navy environment nearshore University of Delaware/ July 73- $80,000 U.S. Dept. of Defense- and coastal environment W.S. Gaither June 74 Navy Application of ecological, University of Delaware/ January 74- $0 NASA— Organization & geological & oceanographic V. Klemas, December 74 Management Office — ERTS-a imagery of Dela- R.R. Jordan, & University Affairs Office ware coastal resources J.M. Goodman planning Skylab earth resources exper- University of Delaware/ September 73- $0 NASA— Organization & iment package application V. Klemas, August 74 Management Office — to ecological, geological R.R. Jordan, & University Affairs Office and oceanographic investi- B. Kingsam gation of Delaware Bay Application of ecological, University of Delaware/ July 72- Funds Unknown NASA geological and oceanogra- Dr. V. Klemas June 73 phic arts-an imagery to Delaware's coastal re- sources planning A study of weight loss in Essex Marine Lab/ July 72- $45,000 U.S. Dept. of Com- American shad during the W.C. Leggett June 73 merce— NOAA NMFS fresh water migration The role of benthic organ- Delaware State Division September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce isms as elements of an of Fish & Wildlife/ August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant ecological warning system C.A. Lesser, R.B. Biggs Office Alternative growth paths and University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce policies for coastal zone D.K. Smith August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant community development in Office Delaware Biochemistry of organic University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce matter in Delaware Bay F.M. Swain August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant and the adjacent Atlantic Office Ocean Coastal storm damage with University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce special reference to the F. Swaye & J. Mather August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant Delmarva region Office Geologic history of shoreline University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce rates of change and bot- J.C. Kroft August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant tom morphology Office Biological effect of overboard University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce spoil at the Lewes, Dela- D. Mauer & R. Biggs August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant ware, Ferry Terminal Office New food resources of University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce Delaware Bay V. Lotrich August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant Office Coastal zone development University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce objectives W.S. Gaither & J.M. Goodman August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant Office Analysis of research require- U.S. Delaware River August 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce ments in Delaware Bay Basin Commission/ D. Pollis July 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant Office Trace metals in estuarine University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce organism and sediments R.B. Biggs August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant Offirp The nitrogen cycle in the Rutgers State University July 74- $13,056 ulllvo U.S. Dept. of the Interior Delaware Estuary T.J. Tuffy J.V. Hunter, & J. Cirello June 75 —Office of Water Resource Research The carbon cycle of an Brookhaven National Lab/ July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Atomic Energy estuary G.M. Wood well, D. Whitney & C. Hall June 74 Commission — Bio- medical & Env. Res. Div. 22 CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING SUPPORTING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL AGENCIES Determinations of heavy University of Connecticut/ July 72- $75,000 U.S. Dept. of Commerce metal wastes in Long P. Dehlinger June 73 — NOAA— Sea Grant Island Sound Office Carbon budget of Flux Pond Brookhaven National Lab/ May 73- $105,000 U.S. National Science Estuary, Long Island, G.M. Wood well, June 74 Foundation — Division New York P. Rich & C.S. Hensser of Environmental Sciences Size analysis and heavy University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce mineral distribution in B.P. Glass August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant Delaware Bay sediments Office Seismic reflection surveys of University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce sedimentary structures of R.E. Sheridan August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant Delaware Bay Office Groin study on the north New York Ocean Science February 73- Funds Unknown New York Ocean shore of Suffolk County, Lab/Dr. T. Omholt March 74 Science Lab Long Island, between Orient Point and Port Jefferson Harbor Estuarine and coastal water U.S. National Aero. & July 72- Funds Unknown NASA dynamics controlling sedi- Space Administration/ June 73 ment movement plus F.H. Ruggles plume development in Long Island Sound Ecosystem investigations sedi- Lehigh University/ July 72- $19,800 U.S. Dept. of Commerce ment analysis of bottom Dr. J.M. Parks June 73 —NOAA NMFS grab samples A study of local collective University of Delaware/ September 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce flow near the bay and F.A. Costello August 73 —NOAA— Sea Grant ocean floor Office Interdisciplinary study of the Long Island University/ February 73- $0 NASA— Organization & estuarine and coastal E. Yost & January 74 Management Office — oceanography of Block Is- R. Hollman University Affairs Office land Sound and adjacent New York waters Effect of topography and University of Delaware/ July 74- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of the Interior network density on areal Dr. R. Mather June 75 -Office of Water distribution of prescription Resource Research Tidal discharge research, U.S. Department of the July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of the Interior New Jersey Interior/A. C. Lendo June 73 —Geological Survey — Water Resource Division The determination of the U.S. Department of the July 73- $2,000 U.S. Dept. of the Interior frequency of drought flow Interior/E.G. Miller June 74 — Geological Survey — of varying degrees of Water Resource severity and duration Division The collection of records of U.S. Department of the July 73- $20,749 U.S. Dept. of the Interior tidal stage and discharge Interior/A.A. Vickers June 74 —Geological Survey- Water Resource Division Hydrologic interpretations U.S. Department of the July 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of the Interior based on remote sensing Interior/E.J. Pluhowski June 73 — Geological Survey- techniques, Long Island, Water Resource Lake Ontario, Chesapeake Bay Submerged diffusers for Division MIT/Dr. Harleman July 73- Funds Unknown Stone & Webster thermal discharge in June 74 Engineering Corp. coastal waters Water quality study of New York Ocean Science Funds Unknown New York Ocean Montauk Harbor, Long Lab/J.P Hunt & Science Lab Island, New York, using T. Omholt a hydraulic model 23 CONTRACT PRINCIPAL SCHEDULE FUNDING SUPPORTING TITLE INVESTIGATOR LEVEL AGENCIES Monitoring thermal discharge Long Island July 73- Funds Unknown Long Island from Northport Power Lighting Company/ June 74 Lighting Company Station Development and testing of U.S. Navy/Z. Laevastu July 72- $48,500 U.S. Environmental numerical models of pollu- June 73 Protection Agency — tion of the New York Office of Research & Bight Development Surface water movements in Long Island University/ July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Transpor- New York Harbor J. Tyler June 74 tation — Coast Guard Development of a manage- State University of New October 72- Funds Unknown U.S. Dept. of Commerce ment model for the west York/M.J.Boman September 73 — NOAA— Sea end of Long Island Sound Grant Office Water quality planning Connecticut State Depart- July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Environmental ment of Environmental June 74 Protection Agency — Protection/R.B. Anderson Office of Research & Development Long Island Sound regional New York State Depart- July 73- Funds Unknown U.S. Environmental study water quality ment of Environmental June 74 Protection Agency — management plan Conservation/ R.C. Pleasant Office of Research & Development 24 APPENDIX C ORGANIZATIONAL REPRESENTATIVES TO THE NEW YORK BIGHT MESA ADVISORY COMMITTEE AND SUPPORTING PANELS THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSON - R. L. Swanson Project Manager MESA New York Bight Project EXECUTIVE SECRETARY - Stanley Chanesman MESA New York Bight Project Mr. Russell Ernst Regional Supervisor Division of River Basin Studies U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Mr. Thomas R. Glenn, Jr. Director and Chief Engineer Interstate Sanitation Commission Mr. Arthur Godfrey National Advisory Committee on Oceans and Atmosphere Mr. Stephen Gordon Asst. Commissioner for Metropolitan New York Affairs New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Col. Thomas C. Hunter, Jr. District Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Mr. Martin Lang First Deputy Administrator New York City Environmental Protection Administration Mr. Bernard Manowitz Associated Universities, Inc. Brookhaven National Laboratory Dr. Clifford S. Russell Resources for the Future, Inc. Dr. Richard Spear Chief Surveillance and Monitoring Branch U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ms. Claire Stern Executive Director Long Island Environmental Council Mr. James T. B. Tripp Environmental Defense Fund INFORMATION USER ADVISORY PANEL CHAIRPERSON - Mr. William J. McKee National Weather Service-NOAA Mr. Frank Basile Bureau of Land Management U.S. Department of the Interior Dr. Seville Chapman Director Assembly Scientific Staff The Assembly, State of New York Mr. Gordon C. Colvin New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Dr. William O. Forster Environmental Programs Division of Biomedical and Environmental Research U.S. Energy Research & Development Agency Mr. Thomas R. Glenn, Jr. Director and Chief Engineer Interstate Sanitation Commission Col. Thomas C. Hunter, Jr. District Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 25 Dr. Lee Koppelman Executive Director Nassau-Suffolk Regional Planning Board Dr. William Kornblum Gateway National Recreation Area Mr. Martin Lang First Deputy Administrator New York City Environmental Protection Administration Mr. Fred N. Rubel Marine Environmental Protection Staff Third U.S. Coast Guard District (M) Dr. Richard Spear Chief Surveillance and Monitoring Branch U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Harold F. Udell Commissioner Department of Conservation and Waterways, Town of Hempstead CAPT James L. Verber Northeast Technical Services Division U.S. Food and Drug Administration Mr. Hall Winslow Coordinator Environmental Studies Tri-State Regional Planning Commission Mr. John Wrenn Assistant to the Chief Engineer The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey CITIZEN AND INDUSTRIAL ADVISORY PANEL CHAIRPERSON - Dr. C. J. Sindermann Director Middle Atlantic Coastal Fisheries Center-NOAA Mr. Sheldon Abrams American Littoral Society Mr. F. R. Baser Director Environmental Control Department NL Industries, Inc. Robert L. Doxee Director New York Shellfish Institute of North America Mr. Robert A. Geiger Administrative Manager of Environmental Affairs Public Service Electric and Gas Company Mr. Keith G. Hay Conservation Director American Petroleum Institute Mr. John R. Jannarone Vice President-Environmental Affairs Consolidated Edison Company of New York Mr. Matthew Klein National Boatmen's Alliance Mr. Richard H. Miller Executive Secretary Long Island Fishermen's Assoc. Ms. Claire Stern Executive Director Long Island Environmental Council Ms. Barbara Swartz Environmental Quality Chairperson League of Women Voters of New York Mr. James T. B. Tripp Environmental Defense Fund Mr. Christopher M. Weld National Coalition for Marine Conservation 26 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ADVISORY PANEL CHAIRPERSON - R. L. Swanson Project Manager MESA New York Bight Project Dr. James E. Alexander Senior Research Scientist Chemical Oceanography New York Ocean Science Laboratory Mr. Peter Anderson Surveillance and Analysis Division Region II U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Dr. Gabriel T. Csanady Senior Scientist Department of Physical Oceanography Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst. Col. Thomas C. Hunter, Jr. District Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Mr. Albert C. Jensen New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Mr. Bernard Manowitz Associated Universities, Inc. Brookhaven National Laboratory Dr. Alan I. Mytelka Interstate Sanitation Commission Mr. Norman Nash New York City Department of Water Resources Dr. Warren L. Prell Director Oceanographic and Geological Programs New York State Atomic and Space Development Authority Dr. Norbert P. Psuty Director Marine Sciences Center Rutgers State University Dr. J. R. Schubel Director Marine Sciences Research Center State University of New York Prof. James Simpson Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University Dr. Donald F. Squires Director New York Sea Grant Program Office Dr. L. A. Walford Director New Jersey Marine Sciences Consortium Dr. David K. Young Fort Pierce Bureau Smithsonian Institution 27 \ PENN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES ADD0D70 1 MSM30