TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN NO. 184 JANUARY, 1916 DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY Cooperative Fertilizer Experiments With Corn, 1908-1914 POSTOFFICE: COLLEGE STATION, BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS ' AUSTIN,TEXAS VON BOECKMANN-JONES co , PRlNTERb 1916 [Blank Page in Original Bulletin] Is?! é» V‘ 18200-3 16-20m TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN NO. 184 JANUARY, 1916 DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY Cooperative Fertilizer Experiments With Corn, 1908-1914 BY G. S. FRAPS, Ph. D., Chemist in Charge; State Chemist POSTOFFICE: COLLEGE STATION, BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS S AUSTIN, TEXAS vow BOECKMANN-JONES co., PRINTERS, 1916 AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE OF TEXAS W. B. BizzELL, A. M., D. C. L., President TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION BOARD OF DIRECTORS Pflkn J. HART, Vice President, San Antoni0.._ ....... .. . ASTIN, Bryan. . . . . . . . . . . .. . WILLIAMS, aris...... .. E. BATTLE, Marlin ..... .. . C. BREIHAN, Bartlett A. F1 E U) F. KuBENA, Fayetteville........ MiLLER, JR., Amarillo... ..... .. guéqu > oRN I. GuioN, President, Ballinger .................... .. B. DAVIDSON, Cuero . . . . . . . . ............................. .. Term expires 1919 expires 1919 .....Term expires 1919 .....Term expires 1917 .....Term expires 1917 .....Term expires 1917 .....Term expires 1921 .... ..Term expires 1921 Term expires 1921 MAIN STATION COMMITTEE L. J. HART. Chairman J. S. WiLLIAMs \V. A. MiLLER, JR. GOVERNING BOARD, STATE SUBSTATIONS P. L. DowNs, President, Ternple CHARLES RooAN, Vice PresidentpAustin .... ........ .. W. P. HOBBY, Beaumont.......... . J. E. Boos-Scorn Coleman ................................ .. Term expires 1919 ...Term expires 1917 ...Term expires 1917 Term expires 1921 *STATION STAFF ADMINISTRATION B. YOUNGBLOOD, M. S., Director A. B. CoNNER, B. S., Vice Director Ci-iAs. A. FELKER, Chief Clerk A. S. WARE, Secretary DIVISION OF VETERINARY SCIENCE ' M. FRANcis, D. V. S., Veterinarian in Charge . . H. SCHMIDT, D. V. M., Veterinarian DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY _ G. S. FRAPs, Ph. D., Chemist in Charge; State Chemist _ _ R. H. IIiDoELL, B. S , Assistant Chemist_ FRANK HUDGES, B. S., Assistant Chemist W.T. P. SPROTT, B. S., Assistant Chemist DIVISION OF HORTICULTURE H. NEss, M. S., Horticulturist _in Charge W. S. HOTCHKISS, Horticulturist DIVISION OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY J. C. BURNs, B. S., Animal Husbandman, Feeding Investigations _ J. M. JoNEs, A M., Animal Husbandman, Breeding Investigations DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY F. B. PADDOCK, 3.5.11, Entomologist in Charge; Siaie Entomologist O. K. COURTNEY, B. S., Assistant Entomol- ogist DIVISION OF AGRONOMY A. B. CoNNER, B. S., Agronomist i.-.~ Charge A. H. LEimcu, B. S., Agronomist _ Louis WERNIELSKIRCHEN, B. S.,Agronomist DIVISION OF PLANT PATHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY J -J. TAUBENHAUS, Ph. D., Plant Pathologist and Physiologist in Charge N. D. ZUBER, B. S., Fellow and Laboratory Assistant "FDIVISION OF FARM MANAGEMENT REX E. WILLARD, M. S., Farm Management Expert in Charge DIVISION OF POULTRY HUSBANDRY R. N. HARVEY, B. S., Poultryman in Charge DIVISION OF FORESTRY J. H. FQsTER. M. F., Forester in Charge; State Forester DIVISION OF FEED CONTROL SERVICE JAMES SuLLix AN. Executive Secretary J. H. RooERs, Inspector ' . H. W000, Inspector . H. WQLTERS, Inspector . D. PEARcE, Inspector . M. WICKES, Inspector T. B. REEsE, Inspector SUBSTATION NO. l: Beeville, Bee County E. E. BiNEoRD, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 2: Troup, Smith County W. S. HOTCI-IKISS, Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 3: Angleton, Brazoria County N. ‘. WINTERS, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 4: Beaumont, Jeflerson County H. H. LAuDE, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 5: Temple, Bell County A. K. SHORT, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 6: County V. L. CORY, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 7: Spur, Dickens County R. E. DICKSON, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 8: Lubbock, Lubbock County R. E. KARPER, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. 9: Pecos, Reeves County J. W. JAcKsoN, B. S., Superintendent SUBSTATION NO. l0: (Feeding and Breed- ing Substation) College Station, Brazos County T. M. HEDDELL. Superintendent J. F. JORDAN, B. S., Scientific Assistant SUBSTATION NO. I1: Nacogdoches, Nacog- doches County _ G. T. McNEss, Superintendent D. T. KiLLouon, B. S., Scientific Assistant **SUBSTATION NO. 12, Chillicothe, Harde- man County R. W. EDWARDS, B. S., Superintendent ewes Denton, Denton CLERICAL ASSISTANTS J. M. ScRAEDEL, Stenographer DAISY LEE, Registration Clerk W F CHRISTIAN. Stenographer , ELIZABETH WALKER. Stenographer " ’ M. P. HQLLEMAN JR., Stenographer ‘As of February 1_, 1916 J. L. COTFINGHAM, Stenographer l» / E. KiLRoRN, Stenographer . L. DIIRST, Mailing Clerk WILLIE JOHNSON, Tag Clerk **ln Cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture. 4 ‘G xduuuFbQy __ U) '7 3.9 TABLE OF CONTENTS. I f , PAGE Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 Nature and Significance of Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . r . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 Interpretation of Field Experiments with Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Plan of the Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. '7 General Results of the Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9 Detailed Results . . . . . . . .1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . 1O Acid phosphate alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 Cotton seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11 Potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12 Barnyard manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13 Thomas phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14 Rook phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15 Lime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15 Nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .§ . . 15 Profitable increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16 Mixed fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16 Detailed Tables of the Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16 Index to Experiments by Counties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3O Details of Experiments, 1911 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 31 Details of Experiments, 1912 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 36 Details of Experiments, 1913 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42 Details of Experiments, 1914 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 50 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63 \1\\ Aw [Blank Page in Original Bulletin] COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER BXPERIMENTS WITH CQRN, 1908-1914. __.___..i. BY G. S. FRAPS, PH. D., OHEMIsT IN CHARGE; STATE OHEMIsT. Cooperative fertilizer experiments were begun in 1907 by the Divi- sion of Chemistry of the Texas Experiment Station. Only a few ex- periments were conducted that year, but in subsequent years from one hundred to two hundred experiments were carried out each year. Bul- letin 138, now out of print, contains a report of the successful experi- ments in1908, 1909, and 1910. The bulletin here printed will.con- tain a detailed report of the experiments with corn in 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1914, and will discuss all the successful experiments which have i been made on corn. The cooperative fertilizer experiments have several objects. One object is to secure information as to the kinds of fertilizers needed for difierent types of Texas soils. After a sufficient number of experiments have been conducted on various types of soil, we will be able to trace the relations between the soil types and the actual need of the soil in the field. This important practical bearing of the experiment will be emphasized in the bulletin here presented. Another object of the experiments is to ascertain the relation between the results of the fertilizer experiments and the chemical composition of the soil. It is a well known fact that fertilizer experiments on one type of soil are not necessarily applicable to the same crop grown on another and diflierent type. Comprehensive experiments on single types are thus, therefore, of limited application in many cases, and should not, Without careful study, be applied to other different types of soil. The chemical analysis of the soils and pot experiments with the different soils are being conducted in connection with the cooperative fertilizer experiments, and We shall endeavor to trace the relation between these three lines of study in subsequent publications. Athird object in conducting the cooperative fertilizer experiments is to give the farmers in various sections of the State an op-portunity to ascertain for themselves the behavior of their soils with different appli- cations of fertilizers. The results of such experience are not only of value to the farmer himself, but also to the farmers in his vicinity; and where the experiments are observed and supervise-d by the county demonstration agents, their results become of value to the entire farm- ing community of the county. In recent years we have begun to co- operate with the county demonstration agents with very gratifying results. NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE on FERTILIZERS. The subject of fertilizers is discussed in Bulletin 167 of this Experi- ment Station, and we will not repeat in this bulletin what is there said. 6 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT sTATION. A few facts pertaining to the subject under discussion will, however, be given. The object of a fertilizer to supply plant food to the soils in such forms that plants can take it up. All soils contain plant foods but they do not always contain a sutfi-cient quantity, or contain them in such forms as to he easily consumed by plants. Plants vary in their needs of plant food, and the soils vary in their ability to supply it. Plant food, however, is not the only limiting condition of plant growth, moisture relation and physical character being in many cases much more significant. It has been found in our experiments that vegetable matter or humus is badly needed by many Texas soils, and that appli- cations of manure have in many cases given better results than any of the combinations of fertilizers. The yregetable matter supplied by the manure not only carries plant food with it, but it also improves the physical character of the soil, enabling it to retain water better, and to hold it more securely against evaporation. As moisture conditions affect the size of the crop grown under Texas conditions very seriously, the aid of the vegetable matter in controlling moisture is of material importance in producing‘ the crop or increasing its size. Plant food being only one of the controlling conditions of plant growth, it follows that, in order to secure the best results from an ap- plication of plant food, it is necessary that the other controlling con- ditions should be as favorable as possible. This is not always the case. Indeed, a great many of our experiments have been entirely lost by too much moisture or too little moisture, failure to get a stand, or damage by insects, showing the importance of the other controlling conditions. The adaptation of fertilizers to soils and plants means the use of such as will supply the necessary food Without a deficiency of some needed element, and consequent decreased size of the crop. The three important forms of plant food are phosphoric acid, potash, and nitro- gen. Our soil analyses show that, as a rule, Texas soils are often de— ficient in phosphoric acid and nitrogen, and less often deficient i11 potash. ' Acid phosphate was used in our experiments for the purpose of sup- plying phosphoric aciC ; it contained 16 per cent available phosphoric acid. Basic slag Was used in a few experiments. Basic slag is a. combina- tion of lime and phosphoric acid, secured as a bv-product in the manu- facture of iron which contains phosphorus. Basic slag also contains some iron. Cottonseed meal used in these experiments was for the purpose of supplying nitrogen. The cottonseed meal used also contained a small amount of potash and phosphoric acid, usually about '7 per cent nitrogen, 1% per cent potash and per cent phosphoric acid. Nitrate of soda was used in one series of experiments on one plot for the purpose of replacing a portion of the cottonseed meal to see if it improved the size of the crop, or was equally’ as valuable as the cottonseed meal. Sulphate of potash was used in many: of the experiments to supply potash. This contained 50 per cent potash. Muriate of potash was also used hoyvever. 9 COOPERATIVE FiauTILIzEI: EXPERIMENTS WITH Coax, 1908-14. 7’ INTERPRICT.»\TI‘IOX or FIELD EXPERIMENTS wITiI rEIrriLIzIzRs. Field experiments require care in their interpretation. Variations in the depth or physical character of the soil, or in fertility in different plots, the ‘attacks of birds or insects, injury by storms, and the situation of the soil with respect to (lrainage may influence the plots unequally. It has been shown by experiments that a. number of plots on a field apparently of uniform fertility and treated exactly alike, do not pro- duce exactly the same yield, and further, that these yields are not alyvayis in the same direction each yiear. Differences in the depth or character of the subsoil may be the cause of these variations, giving rise t0 differences in moisture content which are not always the same each ‘year. PLAN OF TIIE ooorEit-vriyiE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS. The general plan of the experiments is shown in the instructions sent out for 1914-. The instructions were practically the same each year, there being, howeyer, some differences in the applications Inade during some of the years. These (lifferenees are brought out in the tables of results. The ‘writer desires to express his appreciation of the work of those who have succeeded in carrying out a successful experiment and also those whose crops were injured or destroyed, Inaking the experiment of no value. The seryices that they haye rendered will be of advantage t0 the entire farming community of Texas. INSTRUCTIONS FOR COOPERATIVIE FERTILIZER EXPERIBIEXTS. Please readthese instructions carefully as soon as you receive them. If there is zinything you do not understand, or if you desire further information, write us fully. ' Please advise us whether or not the fertilizer arriyes in time and in good condition. If any bag is torn, please weigh it. Please note care- fully any change that may have been made to suit your conditions. Select a. uniform piece of land, either about an acre for corn or cotton, or else about half an acre for truck crops. This is to be divided into ten plots. Each plot must naturally produce the same quantity of cotton or corn. or other crops. Any natural difference in the pro- ductiyeness would appear as due to the fertilizer, whereas it is really due to the soil. 9o take care to select a piece of land which produces the same amount of crop in all its parts, and which does not contain any rich or poor spots, and no portion of which is subject tomore fayorable or unfayorable conditions han any other portion. For corn, cotton or similar crops use an area equiyalent to approxi- mately one-tenth zicre for each plot or application of fertilizer. If the rows are four feet apart, use four rows 280 feet long, or eight rows 140 feet long, or sixteen rows 70 feet long. For potatoes, tomatoes, onions, or similar crops, use an area of land equivalent to one-twentieth acre for each plot or application of fertilizer. If the rows are four feet apart, use two rows 280 feet long, or four rows 140 feet long, or eight rows 70 feet long. If the rows are two feet 8 “Fnxxs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. apart, the number of rows for each application of fertilizer should be double that stated above. The important point is to have the same number of rows of exactly the same length in each of the ten plots, planted to the same crop. The application to the different plots are as follows: Plot No. 1. Apply nothing. Plot No. 2. Apply bag No. 2, 15 lbs. acid phosphate. Plot No. 3. Apply bag No. 3, 20 lbs. cottonseed meal. Plot No. 4. Apply bag No. 4, 15 lbs. acid phosphate, 10 lbs. cot- tonseed meal, 5 lbs. nitrate of soda. Plot No. 5. Apply bag N0. 5, 15 lbs. acid phosphate, 20 lbs. cot- tonseed meal. Plot No. 6. Apply bag No. 6, 15 lbs. acid phosphate, 20 lbs. cot- tonseed meal, 2 lbs. sulphate of potash. Plot N0. '7. Apply bag No. 7, 15 lbs. acid phosphate, 2O lbs. cot- tonseed meal, 5 lbs. sulphate of potash. Plot No. 8. Apply nothing. Plot No. 9. Apply one load of manure. Plot No. 10. Apply bag No. 10, 15 lbs. acid phosphate and one load of manure. The fertilizer should be mixed well and applied in the drill about a week before the seed is planted. It should not be allowed to come in direct contact with the seed. The entire field should receive the same treatment, and should be planted with the same kind of seed of the same crop. If any of the plots are damaged by storms, insects, or anything else, the fact should be noted and considered. The only dif- ference between the plots should be the quantity of fertilizer. The date of maturity should be stated and the crop from each plot should be harvested and weighed separately. A report blank will be furnished. Report total weight of ear corn per plot, weight of seed cotton per plot, total Weight of potatoes per plot, and weight of those marketable, etc. The stand on each plot should also be noted and reported. Note any difference in size of stalk or appearance of plot. You should retain a copy of the report and of your observations for your own use. This experiment should show which of these fertilizers would prove probably most profitable under your conditions, and it would give you an intelligent basis for fertilizing next season. Information concerning fertilizers is contained in bulletins of the Texas Experiment Station. Any bulletin is free on application. Re- quests for bulletins should be addressed to the Director of the Experi- ment Station. ' We prefer the fertilizer to be applied by hand, distributing it as evenly as possible. A tin or paper horn reaching nearly to the ground may be used if there is much wind. If necessary, the fertilizer may be applied just-before planting, but the plow should run through the furrow to mix it with the soil, or some other method of mixing used. The fertilizer must not come in direct contact with the seed. If the fertilizer does not arrive in time, it may be applied after the seed has been planted, by opening a furrow along the side of the plants, putting in the fertilizer, and dirting back upon it. COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMPJXTS WITH CORN, 1908-14.. 9 We cannot undertake to give cultural directions on account of the wide diversity of conditions Within the State. Each plot should, of course, be treated alike. As a genera.l rule, We would suggest deep fall breaking. D0 not, however, increase the depth of breaking suddenly, but break a little deeper than you have been doing. After each rain, cultivate shallow as soon as the land is in condition to Work. In the spring, after the seed 8.1T? planted, cultivate shallow at least once a week. The object of this treatment is to retain the Water in the soil. If there is likely to be too much moisture, provision should be made for drainage. \ G-ENERAL RESULTS OF THE EXPERIIWIENTS. The details of the exr>erirnents With corn in 1911-1914, inclusive, are presented in subsequent pages (see page 31). The detailed results are also presented later (tables 8 to 15, inclusive). We also include, in the tables, the results secured in 1908, 1909, 1910. TABLE 1—SUMMARY OF CORN EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1914. l | I 1908l190919101911 19121191130914 Total Per ‘ I l l l Cent Number of experiments-total . . . . . . . . . . . . 3t 13 21 8 19 18t 32 114 100 Number showing gain by acid phosphate... 3 13 15 8 13 14 20 87 77 Number showing gain by cottonseed meal, 1 5 l1 7 l5 14 23 76 67 Number showing gain by potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8 3 6 11 l4 46 4O Table 1 is a summary of the 114 experiments with respect to the response to fertilizers. Where a gain is shown, it means any gain at all, and not necessarily a gain sufficient to pay for the fertilizer. The table shows that 77 per cent o1’ the experiments gave a gain with acid phosphate, 67 per cent a gain with cottonseed meal, and only 40 per cent a. gain with potash. Thus, these soils need phosphoric acid first, nitrogen next, and potash last of all. Table 2 shows the average gain per acre where a gain occurs. Where there was no gain, the experiment was left out of consideration in the preparation of this table. TABLE 2—-AVERAGE GAIN CORN BUSHELS PER ACRE WHERE A GAIN OCCURRED. 19081909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 By Acid Phosphate (200 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 6.2 5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Acid Phosphate (160 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Acid Phosphate (150 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 6.2 6.7 By Cottonseed Meal (30 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .‘ 0.4 6.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Cottonseed Meal (60 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . 2.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Cottonseed Meal (70 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Cottonseed Meal (100 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 1 .1 3.4 . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Cottonseed Meal (120 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'. . . .. 9.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Cottonseed Meal (alone) (2_00 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Cottonseed Meal (with Acid Phosphate) (200 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7.1 6.0 5 5 By Cottonseed Meal (300 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .| . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 . . . . . . . . . . By Muriate of Potash (12.5 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 10.1 3 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . By Muriate of Potash (20 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gy lR/l/Iuriate o? 11301133}?! poungsg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . = I 1 y uriate o otas poun s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . j. . . ByIOIoadsManure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 11.7 10.5 8.3 By Muriate of Potash (5 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. From 150 to 200 pounds of acid phosp-hate produced an average gain of five to seven bushels corn per acre, Where a gain occurred, which was '77 per cent of the experiments as shown in the previous table. A smaller quantity of acid phosphate might have produced equally as good increases. This point trill be discussed later. From 30 to 100 pounds cottonseed meal produced 0.4 to 3.8 bushels corn increase. Two hundred pounds cottonseed meal, alone or with phosphates, produced 5.5 to 7.1 bushels increase. Three hundred pounds, used only one year, however, gave no increase over two hundred pounds. These gains refer only to cases in which gains occurred, about 67 per cent of the experiments. From 5 to 25 pounds muriate of potash produced gains of 2.3 to 3.2 bushels corn, exclusive of the results in 1910, which appear abnormally high. Fifty pounds muriate of potash gave gains of from 2.1 to 5.1 bushels. These gains occurred only, as pointed out previously, in 4O per cent of the experiments. DETAILED RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTS. In this section, we shall discuss the effects of the various fertilizing ingredients and mixtures in more detail. Acid Phosphate Alone.—Acid phosphate alone, giving results in '77 per cent of the experiments and increases of 5 to 7 bushels where a gain occurs, seems to be on the average the most profitable and the most certain of the commercial fertilizers for corn. It is estimated that one bushel corn requires 0.625 pounds phosphoric acid for growth of the corn plant and the accompanying stalk and leaves. One hundred pounds of 1.6 per cent phosphoric acid supplies 16 pounds of available phos- phoric acid, and if we assume that only half is utilized by the crop, it would be sufficient for nearly 13 bushels corn. The average increase in these experiments was 5 to '7 bushels. Allowing for the increases which occurredgreater than the average, say, 9 bushels corn, it is seen that 7O pounds acid phosphate would supply twice this amount, and 100 pounds should certainly supply an abundance for the gain secured. From 60 to 100 pounds acid phosphate per acre should, there- fore, be sufficient to produce ‘the increases usually secured in these experiments, and from these experiments this amount app-ears to be " the best to be used when applied alone. When applied in addition to other fertilizer, however, the quantity used should be sufficient for the entire increase. If we assume that two-thirds of the phosphoric acid is used by the crop, the amount needed would be approximately 0.9 pounds phosphoric acid per bushel of corn, or 9 pounds per 10 bushels increase. One hundred pounds of 16 per cent acid phosphate would thus be suflicient to take care of 18 bushels corn increase over the quan- tity that could be secured with no fertilizer at all, or about 6 pounds acid phosphate per bushel of corn. If we calculate on the basis of a utilization of only half the phosphoric acid, it would require 1.25 pounds phosphoric acid per bushel corn, or 8 pounds acid phosphate. There should be no necessity of exceeding this amount. Although acid phosphate alone gives the best results, it does not follow that acid phosphate should be used exclusively. If acid phos- COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH Conn, 1908-14. 11 p-hate is used exclusively on cotton, corn, or similar crops, and no legumes turned under or grazed off, or no barnyard manure added, the soil will become depleted in nitrogen. In greater or less time, depend- ing upon the quantity of nitrogen in the soil, the soil will become deficient in nitrogen, and the increase dire to the acid phosphate will fall off. In fact, this falling oft may take place rapidly. On the other hand, it nitrogen is secured from the air by a suitable rotation, includ- ing legumes to be turned under or grazed off, the use of acid phos- phate alone may be sufficient to give good results for a long time. The plots receiving acid. phosphate alone as a. rule suffered least during dry weather. ,The Ylelrls were time and again cut short by drought, and the plots receiving nitrogen and potash as a rule suffered more decidedly than those receiving acid phosphate alone. (lo-ttonseed -il.tleal.-—Quantities of cottonseed meal less than 100 pounds produced from 0.4 to 6.6 bushels increase, the average being probably 3 bushels. and the gain of 6.6 bushels probably being due to soil irregu- larities. One bushel corn requires approximately 1.5 pounds nitrogen for the grain and the accompanying stalk and leaves. One hundred pounds cottonseed meal contains approximately 6.7 pounds nitrogen, or suflicient nitrogen for 4.5 bushels corn on the above basis. The nitrogen, Where it gave a gain, was Well utilized, the utilization thus being two-thirds of the nitrogen. Two hundred pounds cottonseed meal produced, where a gain was- prcducerl, from 5.5 to 7.1 bushels corn increase, or about 6 bushels on an average. The two hundred pounds Would contain 13.4 pounds nitro- gemsuflicient for 9 bushels corn; about two-thirds of the nitrogen would be utilized on this basis. This is also a good utilization. Three hun- dred pounds cottonseed meal, which was used only one year, gave ‘no more corn than 200 pounds. Two hundred pounds cottonseed meal, therefore, seems to be the best quantity to use under Texas conditions. The gains mentioned, as already stated, were secured in 67 per cent of the experiments. Although cottonseed meal gave the average gains indicated above, there were a number of results in which the mixture of acid phosphate and cottonseed meal gave little better results than acid phosphate alone. This Will be discussed in a. subsequent section. The plots receiving cottonseed meal alone, or in combination, suffered more from drought than the other plots. In a number of the experi- . ments the cottonseed meal plots did much better than the others at first, and a larger yield was indicated, but a dry period cut short the development of grain and injured the yield decidedly. We ascribe this to the larger development of foliage caused by the cottonseed meal. This resulted in an increase in the requirements for moisture, so that the plant suitered more quickly and to a. greater extent, during the dry period, which often occurs during the critical tasseling stage of corn growth. Cottonseed Meal and Acid Phosphates-As already stated, cottonseed meal and acid phosphate did not, on the average, produce as profitable results as either one alone. 12 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. In 1908, 1909, and 1910 (part) the mixture on an average- gave lower returns than acid phosphate alone; in 1910 (part), the average gain was 3.5 bushels over the acid phosphate alone; in 1911, about 3.5 bushels; in 1912, 2 bushels; in 1913,18 bushels; in 1914, 1.5 bushels. These represent the gain of the cottonseed meal over the acid phos- phate on an average of all the experiments. (See Tables 3 and 4.) The phosphate and meal compared with meal alone, produced a gain of 1.9 bushels in 1912, 1.8 in 1913, and 2.6 in 1914. This is the average gain secured by the addition of 150 pounds acid phosphate to 200 pounds cottonseed meal, representing the gain due to the acid phosphate. There are a number of individual cases in which the mixture is more profitable than the acid phosphate alone, or the cottonseed meal alone. . The point We wish to emphasize here is that the individual farmer must study his soil conditions and use the fertilizer which is best suited to his individual conditions and the requirements of his soil. Efiect 0f P0tas7z..—Potash produced results in only 40 per cent of the experiments. The indiscriminate use of potash in mixed fertilizers for corn is thus, as a rule, not profitable. TABLE 3—AVERAGE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS, 1908—19l0. The Application and its Analysis. 1908 1909 1910 1910 \ Number averaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 13 17 4 No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17.2 13.8 17.8 19.4 200 lbs. acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 19.9 20.7 24.9 200 lbs. acid phosphate and 30 lbs. cottonseed meal (14% phos- phoric _acid, and 0.9% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.3 18.9 200 lbs. acid phosphate and 100 lbs. cottonseed meal (10.7% phosphoric acid, 2.3% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 19 .1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 lbs. acid phosphate, 30 lbs. cottonseed, and 5 lbs. muriate of potash (14% phosphoric acid, 0.9% nitrogen, and 1.1% otash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 200 I s. acid phosphate, 30 lbs. cottonseed meal, 12.5 lbs. muriate of potash (13.3% phosphoric acid, 0.9% nitrogen, 2.5% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 200 lbs. acid phosphate, 30 lbs. cottonseed meal, 20 lbs. muriate of tpoltlash (12.8% phosphoric acid, 0.8% nitrogen, 4.0% po as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 lbs. acid phosphate, 30 lbs. cottonseed meal, 50 lbs. muriate of tpoltlash (11.4% phosphoric acid, 0.8% nitrogen, 9.0% po as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 lbs. acid phosphate,_60 lbs. cottonseed meal (12.3% phos- l horic_acid, 1.6% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.4 27.5 200 bs. acid _phosphate,_ 120 lbs. cottonseed meal (10% phos- Bhorio acid, 2.6% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 22.3 2001 s. acid phosphate, 60 lbs. cottonseed meal, 5 lbs. muriate of otash_(12.2% phosphoric acid, 1.6% nitrogen, 0.9 potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.5 . . . . . . 200 bs. _acid phosphate, 6O lbs. cott0n_seed_meal, 12 _1-2 lbs. muriate of potash (11 .7% phosphoric acid, 1.5% nitrogen. 2.2% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 22.5; 23,0 COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS 11111-1 Cons‘, 1908-14. 13 TABLE 4—AVERAGE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS, 1911-1914. The Application and its Analysis. 1911 1912 1913 1914 Number averaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8~ 18 18 32 Nofert1lizer....._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._...._ . . . . . . . . . . .. 19,9 23.5 19.6 14.3 150 or 160 lbs. acid phosphate (16% phosphoric acid) . . . . . . . . .. 24 .2 27.6 23.0 19.1 160 lbs. acid phosphate,_70 lbs. cottonseed meal (12.4% phos- phoric acid, 2.0% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 .4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 lbs. acid phosphate,_140 lbs. cottonseed meal (8.4% phos- phor1c_ac1d, 2.8% nitrogen, 1.0% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . 150 lbs. acid phosphate,_300 lbs. cottonseed meal (6.0% phos- phor1c_acid, 4.7% nitrogen, 1.5% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , , , , , 29.4 . . . . . . . . . . .. 150 lbs. acid phosphate, 200 lbs. cottonseed meal (6.4% phos- " t‘ phorlc acid, 4.0%nitrogen, 1% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.6 24.9 20.6 200 lbs. cottonseed meal (7.0% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ _ _ , _ , 27,7 23,1 18.0 160 lbs. acid phosphate, 140 lbs. cottonseed meal, 12.5 lbs. mu- rate of potash (9.0% phosphoric acid, 3.3% nitrogen, 2.7% rpotash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * 22,4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 150 lbs. acid hosphate, 200 lbs. cottonseed meal, 20 lbs. muriate of potas (6.2% phosphoric acid, 3.9% nitrogen, 3.5% , otash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 29.6 25.3 21.4 160 lbs. acid phosphate, 140 lbs. cottonseed meal, 25 lbs. muriate of potash (8.2% phosphoric acid, 3.0% nitrogen, 4.6% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t 29,0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 150 lbs. acid phosphate, 20 lbs. cottonseed m_eal, 50 lbs. muriate of potash (5.7% phosphoric acid, 3.5% nitrogen, 7% potash) . . . . . . I 30.0 26.7 22.7 150 lbs. acid phosphate, 100 lbs. cottonseed meal, 50 lbs. nitrate of soda (7.6% phosphoric acid, 4.7% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.6 19.4 *Compare with 21.5; TCompare with 29.5; tCompare with 28.7. This is also brought out in the average table. (Tables 3 and 4.) In 1908, 1909, and 1910 (part) the potash produced no effect. In 1910 (part), the gain due to potash was 1.1 bushels; in 1911, 0.2 bushels; in 1912, 0.6 bushels; in 1913, 1.1 bushels; in 1914, 1.5 bushels. The quantity of potash applied in 1912, 1913, and 1914 was 10 or 25 pounds actual potash (K20) per acre. Smaller amounts were used in preceding years. The general use of potash in mixed fertilizers for corn is thus, We should judge, not profitable. Potash should be used only when the farmer is satisfied that his soil needs it, and then in such quantity that it MZZ he 0f benefit. I In this connection, we must observe that potash is more abundant in the soil than either phosphoric acid or nitrogen, and is often present in very large quantities. Barnyard .lIa.n1.-'1"e.—-Barnyard manure gave larger gains than acid phosphate, cottonseed meal, or potash salts. The manure was applied at the rate ‘of ten loads per acre. The average gain due to manure, Wl1€1‘6 a gain Was produced, was from 8.3 to 11.5 bushels corn. The average in all the experiments (see Tables 2 and 5) varied from 4.9 to 7.9 bushels corn per acre. Manure and acid phosphate were used in 1914. The acid phosphate added produced on an average an increase "of 2.2 bushels corn per acre. TABLE 5—AVERAGE BUSHELS CORN PRODUCED BY MANURE. Number Year No Manure. Gain. of Fertilizer. Experiments. 1910 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..| 22.2 31.2 9.0 6 1911 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 24.0 31.9 7.9 5 1912 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26.8 33.4 6.6 15 1913 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.2 25.1 4.9 15 . .0 5.6 32 _ Manure with acid phosphate in 1914 (31 experiments) produced 22.2 bushels compared with 14.2 bushels produced with no fertilizer. 14 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Barnyard manure contains all three forms of plant food, phosphoric acid, potash, and nitrogen. The nitrogen is usually in excess, so that an addition of acid phosphate is also advisable. Manure contains about 0.5 per cent nitrogen, 0.3 per cent phosphoric acid, and 0.5 per cent potash, though it varies greatly. The beneficial action of barnyard manure, however, is not due solely to the plant foodit contains. The vegetable matter in manure is ben- eficial for several reasons. It lightens up heavy soils and makes loose. soils more retentive of moisture. It aids the moisture to penetrate in the soil and aids the soil to retain the moisture present. It makes the soil respond better to operations of tillage. In general, manure im- proves the physical character of the soil and its ability to supply the plant with moisture. The effects of manure extend beyond the year of its application. In some experiments, the results of heavy applications of manure have in- creased the size of the crop for twenty years after the application of manure had been discontinued. ~ Manure loses rapidly i.n value when exposed to rain. Farmers should-make every effort to save manure, and to use all waste vegetable matter for improving the soil. Manure from cattle pens is valuable and should be saved. . In the absence of sufficient manure, legumes may be grown to supply ‘the necessary vegetable matter to the soil, and to secure nitrogen from the air. The crop should either be turned under or grazed off; it should not be made into hay. In thirty-two experiments manure produced the largest yields of any application made in the experiment. Thomas Phosphatza-Tlhomas phosphate is a by-product in the manu- facture of steel from iron containing much phosphorus. The phosphoric acid is available to a certain extent, especially in acid soils, but it is not as quickly available as the phosphoric acid of acid phosphate. TABLE 6——AVERAGE BUSHELS CORN PRODUCED WITH ACID PHOSPHATE AND WITH THOMAS PHOSPHATE. Num_ber of No Acid Thomas Year Trials. Fertilizer. Phosphate. Phosphate. 1910 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..\ ‘4 I 19.4 24.9 21.6 1911 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ti‘ 4 23.5 28.5 25.3 1912 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II4 4 19.7 21.7 22.9 Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.8 25.0 23.3 Twelve tests Were made with Thomas phosphate, it being compared with an equal quantity of acid phosphate. The average results are com- pared in Table 6. In two of the three years, and in almost all the individual tests, acid phosphate produced larger yields than the Thomas phosphate. The higher average result in 1912 tor Thomas phosphate is due to an unusually large increase produced by it in one test. The average increases produced by acid phosphate is 4.2 bushels corn com- pared with 2.5 bushels increase for Thomas phosphate. According to COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN, 1908-14. 15 these figures, Thomas phosphate had 60 per cent of the effectiveness of acid phosphate. As the two materials contained approximately the same quantities of phosphoric acid, this same general result would ap-ply to the phosphoric acid; that is, the ‘phosphoric acid of the Thomas phosphate had about 60 per cent of the effectiveness of the phosphoric acid of acid phosphate. Rock Phosphaite.—l<’inelv ground phosphate rock was used in eleven experiments in 1912 at the rate of 200 pounds per acre, compared with 150 pounds acid phosphate. The average results are as follows: No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 24 bushels corn. Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30.6 bushels corn. Rock phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27.5 bushels corn. Gain due to acid phosphate . . . . . . . .. 6.6 bushels corn. Gain due to rock phosphate . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 bushels corn. The 200 pounds rock phosphate contained approximately 60 pounds phosphoric acid, whereas the 150 pounds acid phosphate contained ap- proximately 24 pounds available phosphoric acid. Ten pounds phos- phoric acid in rock phosphate produced 0.6 bushels corn; 10 pounds available phosphoric acid in acid phosphate produced 2.75 bushels on an average. The phosphoric acid of the rock phosphate thus had about 22 per cent of the effect of the phospho-ric acid of acid phosphate. These are the average results. The bulk of the phosphoric acid in the rock phosphate remains in the soil and may be used for subsequent crops. If we consider the details presented in the tables we find that in four experiments the rock phosphate had no effect; in two, it had a greater effect than the acid phosphate; in the other five, it had some effect, but less than with acid phosphate. The rock phosphate was used alone, and not in combination with manure, as has been recommended by several writers. Limam-Hyjdrated lime at the rate of 400 pounds per acre was used in twelve experiments in 1913. With no fertilizer and no lime, 18.4 bushels corn was produced, on an average; with the lime, 22.5 bushels, thus giving" a gain of 4.5 bushels per acre for the lime. In six of the experiments they additions of lime produced a decrease. Large gains were produced by the lime in three experiments, namely, Liberty county, Matagorda county, and Harris county. The lime had no effect in another experiment in Harris county. ATitrazte of Soda OOP/ljlflréd 1vrith Cottonseed Meal.—In 1913 and 1914, tests were run in WhlCll 50 pounds nitrate of soda was substituted for 100 pounds cottonseed. meal. The average results in bushels corn per acre are as follows: 1913. 1914. Number of tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1'7 32 With 150 lbs. acid phosphate, 100 lbs. cottonseed meal, and 50 lbs. nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . .. 24.6 Bu. 19.4 Bu. With 150 lbs. acid phosphate and 200 lbs. cotton- seed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25.3 Bu. 20.6 Bu. Difference in favor of cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . .. 0.7 Bu. 1.2 Bu. 16 Texas AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT Srsrron. I n nineteen tests the nitrate of soda gave better results, the difference 1n some cases being considerable. The nitrate of soda was added with - the other fertilizer before planting. Had it been added as a top dress- ing after the plants were up, 0r at a later stage of growth, the results might very possibly have been more favorable to the nitrate of soda... IWOFITABLE TNCRfEASE. It is important to know, not only which fertilizers give increases, but which give profitable increases. Table '7 shows the number of _ profitable increases, based on the assumption that two bushels increase is profitable. Where two different plots were used an increase is counted if the average gain is two bushels or over, although there may have- been no gain with one of the plots. TABLE 7—-PROFITABLE INCREASES. Number of Number Per Cent Trials. Profitable. . Profitable. Acid phosphate alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 71 / 65 Cottonseed meal (added to phosphate) . . . . . . . . . . . 110 46 42 Cottonseed meal alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 41 63 Potash (added to acid phosphate and cottonseed meal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 18 16 Manure alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 54 72 Manure alone gave profitable results in the greatest number of cases.. Then followed acid phosphate alone, and very near; cottonseed meal alone. Cottonseed meal added to acid phosphate gave results in only 42 per cent of the trials; in these experiments the cottonseed meal must make a gain over the gain made by the acid p-hosphate alone. Potash added to acid phosphate and cottonseed meal gave a gain only in 16 per cent of the cases, or one out of six. This further emphasizes the statement previously made that potash should be used only when it is known to be needed. Where used when it is not known to be needed, the chances arc that the addition will be made at a loss. MIXED FERTILIZERS. Tables 2 and 3 show the composition of the mixed fertilizers used in these experiments and the average results secured. In many cases the mixed fertilizers were not profitable, and this is still more evident if we compare them with acid phosphate alone. \ DETXATLIID TABLE OF THE EXPERINIENTS. These are presented in Hlables 8 to 15, inclusive. Descriptions of the experiments are given later. COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN, 1908-14. 17 ‘qsetgod g0 aneqdpls Q'1%B'_ISB(;II(I)€?§1SS&} comm 1Id Pm ‘Sql 0oz “£3 {F9 ‘qséwd I" fiadlszassa: EM m aorrsqloswnvqd 52$ $5’ ‘soqd P!” “l! OOZ ‘égalauxogfiasflacaggg qmzq I~=o fiwqd P!“ ‘Sq! 0oz E28 $8 12am pfaasuo; mmo on -109'$qI08 91ml‘! c550; __; ‘soqd P193 ‘sql OOZ -~-~c\1 @001 '93Bqd ooo om ‘smld P!” '$qI OOZ ‘N156 “sq; H0100 l\C\1 OOOOO (ON OOO v-9wqmM Rm ?99@9?§?§QQ?Q 5 Q3 ‘lean: paasuoa, mwmw~a=oo~moomcn~ oo Q03 .sq[ 0g La-Ilnqd MN NHNNMNN P‘ ‘Smld P!” ‘(ll OZ mm zzzszezzzzzz: s.- -‘-l°9 ‘SQIOQ 91B‘! "‘ ' _Soqd ppm SC" 0oz CON Nflmwwflfl H Team pagsuol cocom¢=oc~w~z~~w~ c: -1<>=>"sq102‘=>11*qd %°é’1‘”‘°§2%5.‘2&°£°°“ ‘B "Smld P!” ‘Sql OOZ oo@~w~nm~mmmm w Q woowmvmcoolmoommm co r40] Olv-Iv-mflwv-n-c v-l Zi OU®B©'\5¢5¢i.-I<51 1n 9'ZI‘lB°"1P°°s"°1 édoééoidtdzicxi-Iddoitdéedd N -a,oo'sq[gg‘a1eqd v-r\c\1c~1mc\1v-o1c\1ooounm~ o1 1 “SWIgPFJB 'sql_00Z "qsmod J0 QJBI-IIIIII 'sq1 wco~cvmo~r~ooh=ocoo m 9 ‘lewl P°asu°l <éi.4¢'¢§<£td¢\i1<<><5 a qozrsqlogyzneqd v- ~ecmm§m~clolm~cowveo <11 'sql OZI- ‘Qlgqd gdQ-[\~~co-=s~<1~mc>_o1c\1vo1-<—~o1mo1o1m-< o1 ; ‘aw d °°.“.°'°.“.°‘."°.‘°i¢€“’.°i¢2°'°.‘°.°i°.“.“. l‘. -so d we ‘s oocwmoooonoooom o q p- qlooz “mmffififimm -~<.\1m-~o1m-< o1 Comparatjveaverage(2)...................... Comparatlveaverage (6). 220 221 224 Chandler, Henderson County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . L . . . . . . . 225 Rockdale 226 Bethe] 227 BxgffalmLeon 228 H1llsboro,HillCounty............................ 229 Guy’sSt0re,Le0nCounty......................... Marquez, Leon County. 232 Gilmer,UpshireCounty........................... 233 Como,HopkiqsCounty..........t................ 234 Avery, RedR1verCounty..............'........... 235 Troup, 236 Detroit, Red River COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN, 1908-14. 21 TABLE l2——YIELD OF CORN IN BUSHELS PER ACRE, 1911. ‘mill '5ql 000‘I In loco 3o m '5qI09I 5W9 SEWOILL ' Ioi B05 Id 15 -<:< w-wo ;v- m Zoom 01mm c=_ ‘I-JJIIIIBLII SPEOI ()1 ‘ 11;“; 155,31 ,_. Ion cmo m ‘HOWPPB 0N ' 100' ' "140" m" Ive: v—h-\ N "qsmod go j j inmldms “H 9K wows: flif": : <2: 12am paasfxonoo oho,__ mom a, _ "sql 01/1 aneqd 0101mm coon-I _ o1 ; -s<>qd Pm ‘sq! 09I - 'l{$*=1°dJ° I l I I I ?*“‘ldl“s'sqlg'zl :<><2 11w“. :1: . w". . . . [cam paasuonoo m w,” _o N 'sq[ 0171 ‘amqd :01 01-1 1m I 1o: -s0qd pgoe 'sq] Q91 . . . . ‘learn paasuofl ~wm¢‘°1"-‘Id 50666665115 liéa; ' -soqd pgoe ‘sql Q91 Nmmou-wrow‘ mom: 12am p99SII01 ooooooohnvoo <11 '1°°'SqI0L‘°W‘ld wildeddé-iciw? l; ' ' ' ' -soqd pgoe "sql 091 ololm~~, . . . . . . =5==-3:: ::::: °5O°?’5>, ' -/\/\/\/\ v=uv=¢~3 -sees c: ° m v =0 c =1 I 00...; o I5 5 Q) O 0 d.) v=b~QE°¢ IE??? '4 o W‘ Q HUU - u 1-. :- s. .m N >110.- - o a) o u: w..4mE-ug--u _>>>> ,5 k m1 “c; gm ¢_E<.°,< Zaaaa W22_§é5£ :?E§§ Q8 ~81! 35x - -'-:+»'-¢'3-u-= >- :- m m _q - a a a a C‘. Q 3 o 0 L‘ Q 0) u u u L. Q>VJEEEQQ maaaa ---<,Q=,_-5_== Ear-man. g a ° .2’ a a: E E E E 1Z1 , 4E mu >oooo 33g _ m- . . NU>@.#.NHNQE°U . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .. ... ...-... ........ ........ .. . ..-...- .-..-A#wUwNkU>NQ>€wNHNQEOU ~ - . -¢- --~. - --¢ --.-.- -...-- . . . - - ’ -. ¢-a.-u- .¢-ufi£.?& olom v0 IIIQ ammo n-na-vp- n - ¢ - n - - - - » u n-‘o n-nnu 10-100 AIIIINFHN 93 9% 1% hRN QSN N.mN N.mN 9mm . . . . . . w wémm mia memm fimfi Q95 n53 min. M45. 9N3. v.2... . . . . . . .. mbfi Q3 m4: m4: adN v.2 MKA o4.“ $42 Q2 Q2 ... 432500 @832 £2.85 .2 Kw NwN ma: . . . . . . .. 0.»; MA: .013 Q2 7.: 0A3 v53 #2 flihfi a4: IIZMQGSQU .505 vsfiuw wish. TwN mdfi . . . . . .. 56m N. ~N 9mm 9mm 9mm TMN 3K ca... Q3 méN . . . 43-500 moECU ..:zw.~_m .213 8N . .. .2 . . . . w... o. . . . .. . . . _ . . .. .. m . d. . . . . . . . WWW ...... .. M“... “A... M...“ m. m... mm M... Mam m... m... ...a__w%wwww.w..wm.wmfi.fi “MM ad.» . . . . . . .. 9.2 m4...“ 9mm mam n45 .15 mNm . . . . . .. w? mlfi .. . . .. £35.00 vfiohab 50.30 2E5 mmN . . . . . . .. ...-.... .......- m-nm. @.x @.&_ ..%#=U.°U OrvNHO%QU>-nUQQ3UUCU Iumso wew . . . . . . .. asw wen oém mém 95 flwmw QAN W3 9f m}: ..>..c=..w s__w>v.w..aoowwfiwmficfi fiwm . . . . . . .. mi. #3. <3. .20.. 9:. m9. f5 “:8 ......” v18 E=¢u§._..m. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. NAN NQN wdé fimN w.mN oSN wimN odN cAhwN ........>¢=:oU m:_m~.m.~o>von~.m~.w~ EN mm ........ ...»? m. w...“ Wm Wm w...“ “mm m. fim “w ......w.mww.mww.q.fi.wfiw.w... mm...- on ---a I 1 m n p - p - o n a palvn a n c w Nhhfi . . . . . . .. #3 mam fléN 3w “l: hJN cam mfifl 5.: $12 ...3.M=%w¢@=w:~ww=u__w_ QMfinuN . . . . . . .. . . . . . . i . . . . .. ...... x... 3W 3W M»... Q m...“ w.“ w...“ Mm“ Mm ...........w..._.».»......_...... .... . . . . m.NN f: 5M: mdfi 0.: ml: W» w... vs 5w ....>~:§oU =mwhmm.hwwwv=sum.<._. mdN W. H. m. w. H. m .1. M m V w. d0 d0 I dcSdOdZQdO odO odO m0 d0 m n. ...? w- o wwwqIwOwwI P? w? .1 q: .. o mm mm w. “qmwwmmmmm Maw. mam Wm. mm w m... . . S mulmbfi: . Wlmbw-a . %.. . %. . - - . aw O ~00 O .... ma. m wzm. f... m .. m H. am m WPww Wpmm Mmn. m.wm.. m P. w. W w. m m wmlw wwk ...... ...... m m. w H .... . w Mwfi New. v.3 w... ... w 8 . I,‘ . _ rfil. _ . - . . p . . NIH .HMO< Mflh WAWEQDG Z~ ZMOO HO Qflfiwli EAMFH 23 COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN, 1908-14. a ..-.-¢..~o~¢¢¢-.--¢--.---¢--n- -.-|--.n-¢-u@§é€QmmqfiQ>wv>iSmmkwas°o 2 .....................-.....-.......-...-......»....-................... .............A@@vQwflkwniflmzrwflfikflnmaou ..................--.-.......-.............-................... ........-....A@@vfiwfihQ><fi>fiwfihflfisou .. . . . . ........................................~%fi-:OUMH-.Q@HNQMQQm.U.D . . . . 2222.22 2.N2. 22....2222i2522222222222... ....22.....2...2. NNN 22.2 . 2.22N PNN . . 2.NN 22.N.N N.22N N.N2 P2 .2222... N 2 R... 2. 2N2. N 2N2. 2.. 2.2. 2. N22. N 2222. N N22. 2 N22... 22 22.22.. N N22... 2.8.2. P2. PNN 2.22N 2.NN PNN 2H2... P222 2N... 2..NN 2.NN unmxunnnw.......22....2.u222.222.22.222 22 2NN N .22 . 22.22N P2 P2 P2 22.2 2.2.2 22.2 N.2.2 22.2.2 ....:........N2......u .6222 222E222... 2222N 2N2.» 2..22 22 222 22.2.2 PN 2.22 2.N2 ....2 2.222 N.N2 P22 . . . . . . ....22......u .232 .2....2..222 .22 2N 2N . 2.2.2.2.. N2 22...... 22.22N 2.NN 2..NN 22.N2. 2.2.2.2 2.....N PN... . . 22.2.22 .252 .222...» 2>2 2 2.NN 22 2 N 222 22 2 N 222 w 22N N N2 N 2 2. 2 2. 22 22 22 . 22:52 ..2.2.N...N..2...aw .22 .22 RN ..2.2.NN.. 2222: 2.2.2 2.2 N22 222.2 2.N2 222.2 L22... 22HN P22 2222222222..............,..2............ 41o 2N . . N.N2. N222. N.N2. N.22N 2222... PNN . 22.2.N 2~.2.N . . . . . . . . . ....®......u .2222 .2...2..2N..2N.B.N 2N $.22: PNN N.2N P2N ....NN P22N 22.2.N P2 N2 N2 2.N2 ........:.....222....2.u 2...2.>>......22>22.un2. 2.NN 2..2N. 2.22N 2...... P2... N.N..2 22.2.N P22N P22N P2 2.22N 2...... .......2..22..2.2z. N. 2 NNN . N.22N 2.N2. 22.222 22.2.22 ..2.2.N2..... P2... 2.NN PNN N.N2. 22.22. ...........2.2......2.u 22...... 2.52 .....2...2>2 22 2 NNN :21... 22.22 P2 NN 22.222 . ....N PN ..2.2.2..2.. P2 2:2 . . . . . . ......2.2......22 ..2..2..2....22 ...2..2.2....2 EN 2.N2 PN P2 22.2 PN P22 PN2 . P222 P2 22.2.22 222.2 $22.2 u u 2N PNN 2.22N ....2N N.N2 P2 PN2 22.2 P22 2.2.2 2.N2 ..........22.......u .2...2..2..u swam .2. 2.2.8.2 2.22N . N.2... 22.2222 2.NN 2.22N 22.22N PNN 2.NN PNN N.2.N 2.NN 22:26:23 mo 2.. 2.2.52.2 2.22N 2.NN 2.2.... 2.22N PNN PNN PNN PNN 2.NN N.2.N 2.NN P2.N .............2.2.....2.u 2.22.3 2.2.2..2.2.....2. .2 2.22N 2.NN 2.NN 2.NN PNN N.2N PNN ....2.N N....N ..2.2.2.2N.. PNN 2.NN ...............2........u.252 2.22.2.2 2.2 2.22N 2.222.. 2.22N 2.222 2.N2 2.22N 22.2... 2.NN PNN . 2.2 2.2 .2.....2.u 2:22.22 .....2..z.w..N 2N 22 2N N N... 22 N22 22 NN 2. NN 22 NN 22 N22 N 22.2 2 ...N 2. NN N NN .22......u .2222 2.2.2 2222.22.22.12...» 2.22N 2V I I T» I 1 7Q .1 vV q 0 O C. C. C2 L. 0 C. s B m N. 22222222.... NW0 owmwm mo Mo m q a. a llneqllneu. Hem Pfneu. 2m am e m m N. N2... £22.... .1... 2.... 2.2 m... I. ~ S 2. S s . s a Aw 0 u N. w N226”. NNZN 22.2 “N12 N N 1. m .. N N»... mp2. PNN 2.5m... m N. .2 N w em d_ em d m d Wm d . .u d 22 2 u 2... . 22.2w. 2.2m .3. 3.2m 22 w p 222E WP... W222. 22...... w .2. 2... .22. .HMO< NEH MAHWMDH Zn ZMQO HQ 9.2222722 HAQFH TABLE 15—-YIELD OF CORN IN BUSHELS PER ACRE, ‘1914. 24- TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. owoow~mwmwov@Nnmmwhumm>hm~mmmvmm oqqq '8 PUB I 93B-I9AV mmmoo1coco-cowream~maoeomvv-~veoooowomo1~mc>mwha=~qd P!” ‘Sql 091 . fl - - ‘qseqod I I 0a e dns-s -a=o--vo\nz~m-mwwwmahoocowqwqwjv-f 00ft: 3 ; ‘WW1 PQBSHOJAOQ alidaéliwildduédéoi<1<5<>6¢6A¢5¢§1§o6=6d<éodmp~oo -~a> - - .sql naleqd <11 v-uv-Av-uwflflflmv-qflv-n Nolv-n-u-u v-wflflmv-vu-nblfimflfi gm ‘smld P199 “H OQI ' ' ‘lean: a>~oc>>o>o=cvvm~oh¢owo~coo>mcomcvwmmhwqcq eqq aasumoaqs °o__ P ‘ “‘““ 2*2asaaasa@2aw~aae22*:aaa°@a2a2§ 5~;; mhzpgazqmwflo-nfiwhwcohhroowwomflfibOlfdvlfrQ \O_H_ : ‘$18114 ohdéd-Iéoddléaééuécicéoéziliécéaéoéléodé-dlidn-Sméww Ne» - - -soqd p102 "sql QgI <1" -~o1o1-~-~c~1mc\1---~-~ N-wh-w-u -~o1c~1 wololol-‘N 3-‘ j 1 0o o onewcocrwr~mhhohc>oncfcqowwwqwliwiiljv-iqqwzqq 1Q j j m. o wfi__ §@:aaa@a2~“2@*:§a22:@*§2§°"_§:_a $~;; fiwooww-w-eocmmwmwcmovzowmmcowocwwoaowvo oo-- 3 3 _, Q -............-...-.............. -..- . o vac oo wr - - 2m2aa:2:2@*@“"”a£a:2**2§N@@__:~~ §_:: I)‘IIIIéiISIII%I....::.:::.::::.zzz: >}_....>,q..g.. D-'__Q..'._._.>,__._ *.».-----==--,>=--'-.~.>,=-,->_>> gHAA c ...t>>C3o.:.,.;.--.>‘>,>=>1_,>,_>,+-»-;:: __®,_‘ g§3::E5ur>8§bb§:gE§§;§E-E§§§a>>€ --ea s: '5 q-w ogci :1 g '5 Q w-HU ' ' U==3>>oU= it! pzs=3io°g° Q>»o¢> sans": "v0 ooa*’uw°=’=¢u o<>c° U°U= H uUo==== "WW as g .._mo o U U U U O - "cum (Jug h ow». gUgU O G‘ mg ooo ., "Ex oggiguuisgu mco-ogwfifi>,greb° Uuuss .3656 m_,_ "-4 _ _. "u h "-4 __‘ Q. ' . &g:UUJ£=E=€q%€HUH8Qg£%;UEm€%§§8E .,:: Bmfiéxg-3E3°B°°3$§3“3*5i~:€O°>°Em :~~~ cu _mcug°g“~m gm m? mam 1730:8252 _ _£[-¢O~-: .‘§l__>___>_ §>n~Ln 5;.‘ ~_.-_é~-‘*'~z@"-~ . ‘ac-Aw 5 -~>-- :>= - c: cu c: . U . 3CQ_ gcvm>z3owrzmm Jagoqqohoom “mg q} _ug~ ;T.=:‘,,;$>jo'=Bo-'-c8bng.-?_g;,qo°=>¢>$-.c1‘5E-figmvi¥= and? 02ax~§ig%g°aE=$m@QU%2fi°§§i““fi§?§ Rag“ i §8$~=a=o§§$€“532°§-§2=~£3§=3“~ ~§§§ EZ,‘_., ,..' .. 0dmm$0< 0.2 0.0: 0.2 m.aa 2.2 0.2 woa oma hwo 0.2 oow 0.0m . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .304 0100000072 03004 110252 00m 3.00m amé om. om.m oo.o wma wa. o2. m0. vow vow 0nd wod . . . . . . .................~.......0.=5mm0§ 00.0 oa.a 0.0.0 3.» 3.0 0.0. 00.0 0w. 00s 00s 00s mmw . . . . . . . . . 02203 00000.2 5.? 00.3 0.0.00 $.00 owow 00.8 2.8 00.8 00.0.0. aaoo wwwm 00.00 . . . . . . . . , . . . . . 85m 033cm 000 030-005 wo.a_ owa ow. 2 Din 8.0 ow. wa. .2 In 3.... 00.0 0.0.2 00.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.00.5 00 000000010 0000024 m%. %~#\- anwq- @%- §%u QQ- xo. O%- @%- %@- mm. . . . . . . . . .......-.....ma.. ma. mo. mow; wTo “w. .2. a2. S. had flow wo.a ova . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MHZ... 0E: oo 2. mow. 02. £0. ma. moo. $0. 0.... mom» 000.0 owo. . . . . 00000.0 WEG. QC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . QOWCHZZ $0. mmo. 0S. woo. wao. $0. $0. owo. mwo. omo. S0. E0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000.0 00.800000,» |_I5000._0L Si. 2:. 2E. 02.0. 00E 50> 20E 8E Em.» m3» 00R BE. zommsw 0.00.005 00.00am 0030i mcmnsw 00305 oomnsw 0050i mownsm 000.025 mownzm 00305 oma .02 mma .02 oma .02 $0 .02 $0 .02 $0 .02 30:00 @0000 30000 30000 30000 @0000 0000000002 0000>0h 0000000/ 00.00,» 0 r800m> =0>000 £00002 .2 M .0050 0000A _00w00000~0.m .0 A. £05200 .0000 5.0.20.2. .0 .0 .5200 w.» A. o o o o oow oow o o oom oow o 00w.1;Hwfzfwmwwumw......su.z< a 0.2 aooa 00.5 0.02 aoo :0 0.3. 0.5.... hwoa aoaa 0.? o.mw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00000.02 03000. w.o 0.2 oo.ma mom m.“ 0.2 mam 0.0». wwo 00.00 0.0 0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I204 0.020800 0>30< ‘"0252 00m 020m ww. mw. wao 2w mm. hm. aa.“ ooS oaé. om; mo; 2. . . . . . .........m..........0000£02 00. 00.0 5.00 w0.o2 00.0 0m; mwS v0.5 3.0 3.0 am. 3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . 1.02305 000000 3x00 0.0.00 00.3 wwwm $.00 00.0.0 wmmo 00.2 awdo 2:0 awmo 00.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 062w @328 000 053005 E».- 00.0 moo 8.0 ao.a 2m; 00.00 20.: 00.2 $4. wa.a 00.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 00.02.003.100 o0w00002< cfi- %%- §¢- x%. §%. @Q. 6m. dwx- K0§. @o. x3. . . . . . . . . . ¢ . . - - . . .. .0... - .wa. aa. Hwwfi maofi mo. ma. 0o; oo; ma. wfi. 2a. 2. . . . . . . . . . . ................00:A m3. mmfl. mam. mow. mwo. no. mm. ww. mow. m2. o2. wo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 050m aao. mmo. wofi. 2:. moo. wwo. amfi. ma. ono. vwo. oao. wao. . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2.00 0.022 m5. ao. mwo. 20. wao. 5. omo. moo. $0. m3. 20. m5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30¢. 0€000w00n~ . 115000.092 :0. 2.2. 00.2. w»? 250 00.0 wmom B00 wmav 800. 00$ wowv 000006 00mo00m zownsw 000205. mownnw 000.005 zownsm 000006 003cm 000m00m 0020i 0000.05 3.0 .02 0X .02 0.0. .02 30 .02 wma .02 0%.. .02 50000 30000 Z0000 030000 30000 000000 00.0mm 0Bw0< 0000C. 000000000 0000002 000A 00m 000000 .2 .m 00000202 .0 S? £00002 .0 .0 0.00.0000 .0 .0 S0202 S? .0 0 00$? 5P .3 0.00m QC ZOEFWOHEOOII“: NAMFH COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN, 1908-14. 27 05 Q 2N o 0a 20 0.2 0a . o _.... .......... 5...............a=...< w o.wo“ o.mw“ 0.8 0.000 moo m.ho ~02 m.hw“ 0.5. 000 0.0.0 o.mh“ ..........................000000n“0>0.00< . 0.00.0 0.00 0.8 ~00 o.m“ “.w“ o m“ 0.000 m.h w h“ 0.0 0.0m . . . . . .............o00<00000“0n00“n“ 0>$0< _. _ i 1.0000502 00m 00000“ mod ow.“ “h.h www Q“. on. om. o“. mm. mo. “o4. 0w.“ .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........00050“0“>“ 2.0 000.0 000“ 00.0 00.. 000.0 .5. 00... m0. 00.0 5.0. 00.0 _..............:...::..5000=0000.080 . . . . . . . . omdw 00.00.. 0.5.00 $.00 000.00.. 00.8 mmhm mmoo 00.000 00.. “w .0000 W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .850 033cm 0000 0000000000“ . . . . 00.0. om.h“ ooh“ wm. hw. mh. Nh. 0.0.0 on.“ “ow oo.“. .0...............0000“ ~00 00500 “.000 000000504 m.%- %§. %%. @@. N-QQ. @@. N.@. xc. @$- @$- mx- xx. i . . . . . - . . . . . ... . . . . . . - . . . ..-flwmU-Hxuwz 00m. “qm. “lo ow.“ w“. mo. oo. ““. ho. mo. mo. mo. .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............0..000\“ mm. mmm. mmm. “N. mwo. ovo. mmo. mmo. 00o. oo. mo. mo“. . . . . . . . . . .........n0000n“ moo. wo“. mmo. mo“. 3o. 30o. mwo. mmo. woo. wmo. owo. ““. . . . . .........000u0.502 moo. moo. omo. wwo. mmo. mwo. 0.2. $0. 30. w“o. “mo. wmo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0030 0000000000?“ . |l0..0000000n“ oomh ommh $0.“ 0%“ 0mm“ mmwh 0.00“ wo“h 00.0.“ 3.0“ “ “ “h o“ “h 0005mm 30.00am :0w05m 0030mm mcw05m 0030mm 0005mm 00m05m mownsm 0030mm mownsm 0003005 _ . ohm .02 mhw .02 Em .02 mhm .02 mom .02 wow .02 030500 50500 04.00500 030500 030500 050500 000000030 2 00A“ 0002/ 0000A 00000000 0.000500“ .00000_0““00001“ .4 .0 $00000 000m .02 .“. 500:3 .0 A. 60000002 .0. .0. 000N000“ 0. 00000000.“ .00mm0“.000»“ 53>“ O Q C C C C Q Q Q Q . . . . . . 0.03 omo“ mh.w omw h.mo omo N 5 0.8 mh oom “ ww moon .. .U..U . .. m . . . . 1.4000090“ 00/0004 o.o“ “.2. w.““ 0.1mm m.h“ 0.00. hm o.o“ “.w h.w“ oo.m mwhm .. . . . .. .0004 0000000000000“ 03004. _ 1:500:02 00m“ 00000 mm. 00.. 00.0 000.0. 00m. 0.0. mm. h“. 0.0.0 oo. 3.0 mod mmflflmmflmwiflmw . . . . . . . . . . . ....0.500002 mw. om.“ 00.0 00.0 hm.“ wm.“ Nw. wm. oo.m mo.“ hmmh 000 . . . . . ..00000000w“ 0000001“ wwoo o“ .000 00.1.0 wo.hw 00.00.. 00.00 owoo 00.00.. 0.0.00 “~45 oo wm oo.oo 0 . . . . . . . . . . .850 033cm “E0 03300000 2x0 0020 wh.o 00.0. oo.m on.“ oo.m om.“ ho.h hm.“ mmd“ h“ N“ . . . . . . . . . 0000“..00 03000 “:00 00000053. @@- REe. ¢.w. xé. @%. @@. @@- dw@. @3- R_@. @T.. #¢. . .....h . . . . . ...@.......-N@WQ:@N2 w“. “m. wh. hm. w“. mm. mo. “o. wm. “m. 0.0.0 mm“ . . . . . 1.0051“ moo. mwo. 0.0. w“. mo“. ho. oo. ho. oo. $0. mwo. “h. .w.mflflw.“u.0...@fi.... 0030.0“ 0N0. $0. 3.0. wm“. Nmo. 3.0. omo. 0S. .50. 00.0.. ~05. mo“. . 0.7.... 2:0 00:2 mwo. 00.0. 000. mwo. ~00. moo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $0. “mo. 00.0. ho. . E04 0000000000?“ . _ ,l$000000m _ 5 E0“ wm“h oohh wohh Nmoh “moh hfio“ 8.00: 0.000. .002. 03.0. 00.00. 00000000m 00005m 205cm 30.00am 105cm 000.05m 00.02am 000£000m momnsm 00.30am zomnsm 00.30am how .02 mom .02 0.0m .02 mom .02 oom .02 amm .02 050500 030500 030500 30500 030500 “$0500 00:00,? 3005a“ 00>?“ 00m“ 550m 000500 000mm 000m 00050001.“ H“ A.“ ,0 00202 .0 u“. 5000000000 .0 S? 0000000000 .m“ .0 .0030?“ .2 .0003 6000mm“ .00“. _ .00=E=S0|m.00om HO z00e0m00E00|S HAMF“. : s11! v.5 1.! iigvzakw 28 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. A O o O o o - - u n - . - . - a I o o o - ~ - - - - - - - - . - . . - n - - - - - - n . . - - o - - - 0N0; Nmm0N 5Q N0: 0.5» 0.00 5% 08w 0.3 _ 9N“. N00 500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152cm w>3o< 0.: m5 wi 0.5 0.5 ma... Tm 0.: Q2 m “.2 N0 Z: . . . . . . . . . ..F....:.._._wfimwm.wmmwfiém 2,03» Q... N: 8. RN. a; ma. w: S. N: Q2 2. mm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............23...s2 v0.0 00.0 N04 N0; 0w; 0n; 00.N £4 3N .006 wm. 00. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...=2:=w~ aowmoq 0m. C. 00.0w 00.00 mN.00 M§N0 00.00 wNbw 004.0 $3 t 20.3 00 .00 N50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:6 @528 0cm 203022 .52 mmé s; m? B... we. w? w? s“. 2R Ne. a; UH“i“HHHHM......c.w.w.a@.m...w..wm.www m. w. w. “m. x. m. m. m...» m. m. w... m.» ......................... 0m. mwv. 00. 000. m0. v0. 2N. 00. 00. 000. 00. n0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............sww~cm Q3. HNT 0N0. 3.0. 00.0. $0. 3N0. N00. 000. NNM. 000. 0M0. . . . . . .JZKMKT..MZ~.........=vwo5mZ 000. N00. “m0. 3.0. $0. 000. H00. 2.0. NNO. T000. n00. N00. . . . . . . . .5 . v 28.1.30 0000 >000 0:0 0:0 NwN0 ~wN0 0000 020 0000 i $00 0000 0000 . . . . zownnm womtsw zownsw oumfisw momnsw 355m Zomnflm 325m momnsm @3055 zowmsm 335m w0N .oZ n0N .oZ m0N .oZ v0N dZ NON dZ 3N .02 3.500 00.500 5.500 5.0500 50:00 00.500 wionfim woo? 53:5,? cofiowcui 255E aomhowcofi .330 35¢. 53530 .4 F iuoofiimfl .0 A. .:@0oo0 .2 H 5205C .0 m Sm>2w=m0 .< .0 O o o - ¢¢-- o o o o - - . - . . - . . - . - - . - . . . . ..--pg¢-.v->€iwinw< 0.3 0.00 :5 N02 00w 0.2.2 0.02 08w 0N3 N0: 0.000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......€..S¢0 o>3o< f: <2 #2 :0 0.: 0.2 0.5 i... 5.8. ha» m9. . . . . ..Mu........_wwmm.m.m..wmwogm 3:3. mm. i. mo. mm. 0m.N 0m. 00.0 2.0 00.0 0N0 I 0 3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................v50mmo§ m0. 5. m0.N om; 00.0 3N 000 0N0 0E0 mm; 000 00.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...SE5W~ cowmoq 00.00 N080 $.00 00.00 00mg $.20 2 .00 0N.mw $.00 v0.00 00.00 5E0 mxfnnunmnr...§=w @325 Y; 20302: W? Mwu 5 mm... WW” “m0 “Wm m.“ a $1 MM. w. . . . M . . . . . . . . . . 40.0.0.0 .5510. memuwwmwx b0. mm. wfi. fifl. m0. ww. hw. wv. NN. ml. wm. wN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OIIIIIQEMA m0. m0. 00. 00. 0N. 0:. 0N. m0. m0. 00. >0. 5.0. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wagon NN0. 0N0. 000. 000. 000. _w0_ N00. 03m 0N0. 000m 0N0. N00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 0.502 0N0. 0N0. 000. 000. >N0. >00 0N0. 000 0N0. $0 0N0. 0N0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06¢. Qzfigmém £2 mwN0 0000 N000 $00 0000 ma? 5.9 3E 5.00 0mm“. 2.2 zownsm vuwism mownsw ouw05w zomnsm .3326. mownsw @0356 23.5w 3335mm zownnm oufi5w wwN .oZ mwN dZ 3a dZ 5N dZ owN dZ 0>N .oZ 3550 05:00 35500 .3550 3.500 3.500 45G xwsfl mwhomwwuz _ miEI 500265 _ xmsfl 55m .0 .0 $33.0 .2 .0 .354 .0 d 0552b ab .525 .0 d 0500202 d .0 ._.2.==.:.o|m.=om KO ZOFmAmOMEQOImZ HAQFH 29 COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN, 1908-14. 25E :88... Q Aw Aw c Aw @ C A-w .. ... Aw ... . . . . . . ...................%u@wv@nv< 0.00H 0.00H 0.00 00> 0.>0H 0.HvH 0.>0 0.00 0.>0H 0 00 0.Hv 0 00 0.00 0.>v . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........HHw0~0nH 003.004 0.0H >.00 0.0 0.00 0.> 0.H0 0.> 0.00 0.> 0.0H 0 0H 0.>0 >.0H 0.0H . . . . . . . . ....:..._._w<0mm0m0w0mmw000 0>$0< 0>.H 0v. 00v Hv. >0.v v0. 0v. 00. 00.0 00m 00m v0~ 000 H0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..0.3~m3H>H 00.0 0v.H 0>.v 00.0 000 HH.H 00.H >>. 00.0 00.H H0.H >>.H 00 0 000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100333 0c 0003 00.00 >0.v0 00.0> v0.00 00 00 H0.00 00.00 00.v0 00.>0 v0 00 00 v0 v0 00 v0.>0 00 00 . . . . . . . . . .0300 033cm 0:0 033003 0v.0 00.0 00.HH H0.H 00.HH 00.H v0.0 00.H 0>.0H 00.0 00.0 00m 00.0 00.v . . . . . . . . . 1003 0c 0030 000 033:2 m%- $@. %§- $3. @§. @@. @.@- #%- @N.- %...%- @%- @Q- fim- . . . . . ..- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...N@WQH~®W2 00. 0H. 0v. v0. v0. 00. 0H. 0H. 00. 0H~ 00. 00. 00.H v0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z033 0H. 000. 00. 0>0. 00. 0>0. 000. 000. 00v. 0H 00. 000m 00. 00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230m 000. 000. 0>0. 0v0. >v0. 000. 000. 000. 0>0. vv0. v00. >00 000. 0v0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00 0.32 000. 000. 000. 000. 000 . 0v0. 000. 0v0. >00. 0v0. 0H0. W000. H00. 000. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 23.. 010300030 00H0 HOH0 0000 v000 v000 0000 0>00 0>00 H000 0000 v0H0 _ 00H0 vv00 0v00 H3930 00330 00230 00330 000.30 003.30 000.30 000030 003:0 003.30 0000307 00330 003:0 003000 0H0 .02 vH0 .02 0H0 .02 HHO .02 0H0 .02 000 .02 000 .02 03:00 03:00 03:00 03:00 03:30 03:00 >300 002.230 0030.0 xHcnH 30031- 00330 00003. 0020B .:Am:0> .0 .0 630D .0 H. .0003? .2 40H .3330 .2 .mH 5030000 .0 .0 5002030 .0 .< 005000 .< .5 © Ev @ A-a .-..... Aw ..@.-. fie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . ..~%P@%u@nw< 0.00 0.00 0~HOH 0.000 0m>00 000v 0~HHH >.00H 0~HOH 0_00H 0.>vH H.0>0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....;Hw3cAH 03000.. 0 > 0 00H 0 0H 0 0 0 H>H 0 000 0 0 0 00 H 0H 0 >0 0 00H 0.>0 . . . . . . . . . . . .@.....=._._w%m0m0m.mmm.=0 03000. 00. H0“ 00.0 0H.0 v0.0 v0.0 >0.H 00. 000 0>. H0.0 0>.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........0.::0mmcH>H 0H.H v0. HH.0 H0.0 HH.0 00.0 H0.0 00H 0v 0 00H 00v 0>.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..:cS3mH 0c 000A 00.00 0H >0 00. H0 00.00 >0.0> 0>.v> 00.00 0> 00 00.v0 >0.00 v0.0> 00.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0030 033cm 000 033005 00.0 00. 00.0H 00.>H 00.0 00.0 .0. 00.> 0v.H 00.> 0v.H 0H.> v0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10033 03x0 0:0 03334 >0. >0. v0.H 00.0 00. >0.H 00. >0. 00. 0H. 00. 0H. . . . . . ..B000w0H>H 00. 00. 00.H vv.H 0H.0 00.0 HH. >v. 00. 00. 00.0 00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10:34 000. 00. 00. 00. 00. 00.0 0v0. 000. 000. . 0H. 000. 000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. £30m 000m 000. 0v0. 00H. 0v0. >00. 000. 000. 000. 000. 00H. H0H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1200 0.32 000 0v0. 000. 000.0 HOH . 00H . v00. >00. vv0. 0v0. 000. 000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .300. 010300030 _ _ |L00c00AH 0vH0 00H0 0000 H000 0000 v000 0000 0v00 0000 v000 0000 >000 000.30 000.030 00230 00330 003:0 000030 003:0 000030 003:0 000030 003:0 00330 >00 .02 v00 .02 000 .02 H00 .02 000 .02 000 .02 A 03:00 03:00 30:00 03:00 03:00 03:00 003.0 xHcnH m0>00mH 00c >P 00.23/02 0000mm $00G .0 .0 .0c0.H0H>H .nH .0 .0332 .0. .0 000.3000 .H|H .H. 6003M .0 .H. 03M .0 A. iwiii-QUIWHHOW k0 ZQHFHWQQFHOOIA: HAQ